EEAPVPF

TG/PAPAYA
ORIGINAL: English
DATE: 2013-07-03

EAST ASIA PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION FORUM

Papaya(Carica papaya L.).

GUIDELINESFOR THE CONDUCT OF TESTSFOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY

Alternative Names:
Botanical nameEnglishCarica papaya L.

Papaya, Papaw

The purpose of these guidelines (“Test Guidelines”) is to fulfill the activities under the EAPVPForum on harmonization of Test Guidelines.

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Page
I. Subject of These Test Guidelines……………………………………….

1

II. Material Required……………………………………………………….

1

III. Method of Examination…………………………………………………
3.1 Number of Growing Cycles………………………………………...
3.2 Testing Place ……………………………………………………….
3.3 Conditions for Conducting The Examination………………………
3.4 Test Design………………………………………………………….
3.5 Number of plants/Parts of plants to be Examined…………………..
3.6 Additional Test……………………………………………………...
IV. Assessment of Distinctness, Uniformity And Stability…………………
4.1 Distinctness…………………………………………………………
4.2 Uniformity…………………………………………………………..
4.3 Stability……………………………………………………………..
V. Grouping of Varieties And Organization of The Growing Trial……….
VI. Introduction To The Table of Characteristics……………….………….
6.1 Categories of Characteristics………………………………………..
6.2 States of Expression and Corresponding……………………………
6.3 Types of Expression………………………………………………..
6.4 Example Varieties………………………………………………….
6.5 Legend………………………………………………………………
VII. Table of Characteristics…………………………………………………
VIII. Explanations on the Table of Characteristics…………………………...
8.1 Explanations Covering Several Characteristics…………………….
8.2 Explanations For Individual Characteristics………………………..
IX. Literature………………………………………………………………..
X. Technical Questionnaire………………………………………………..

1
2
2
2
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
9
26
26
27
35
36

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GUIDELINES FOR THE CONDUCT OF TESTS (GCT)PAPAYA
1.

Subject of these Test Guidelines
These Test Guidelines apply to all varieties of Carica papaya L.

2. Material Required
2.1. The competent authorities decide on the quantity and quality of the plantmaterial required for testing the variety and when and where it is to bedelivered. Applicants submitting material from a state other than that inwhich the testing takes place must ensure that all customs formalities andphytosanitary requirements are complied with.
2.2. The material is to be supplied in the form of seed or plants.
2.3. The minimum quantity of plant material, to be supplied by the applicant,should be:
200 seeds in the case of seed-propagated varieties,
or 5 plants in the case of vegetatively propagated varieties.
2.4. The plant material supplied should be visibly healthy, not lacking in vigor,
nor affected by any important pest or disease.
2.5. The plant material should not have undergone any treatment which would
affect the expression of the characteristics of the variety, unless thecompetent authorities allow or request such treatment. If it has been treated,full details of the treatment must be given.
3. Method of Examination
3.1. Number of Growing Cycles
3.1.1. The minimum duration of tests should normally be two growing
cycles.
3.1.2. The growing cycle is considered to be the period ranging from the
beginning of active vegetative growth or flowering, continuing
through active vegetative growth or flowering and fruit development
and concluding with the harvesting of fruit.
3.2. Testing Place
Tests are normally conducted at one place. In the case of tests conducted atmore than one place guidance is provided in TGP/9 “Examining
Distinctness”.

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3.3. Conditions for Conducting the Examination
The tests should be carried out under conditions ensuring satisfactory growth
for the expression of the relevant characteristics of the variety and for the
conduct of the examination. In particular, it is essential that the trees produce
a satisfactory crop of fruit in each of the two growing cycles.
3.4. Test Design
3.4.1. Each test should be designed to result in a total of at least 20 plants inthe case of seed-propagated plants or, in the case of vegetatively
propagated varieties, in a total of at least 5 plants.
3.4.2. The design of the tests should be such that plants or parts of plants
may be removed for measurement or counting without prejudice tothe observations which must be made up to the end of the growing
cycle.
3.5. Additional Tests
Additional tests, for examining relevant characteristics, may beestablished.
4. Assessment of Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability
4.1. Distinctness
4.1.1. General Recommendations
It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to
consult the General Introduction prior to making decisions regarding
distinctness. However, the following points are provided forelaboration or emphasis in these Test Guidelines.
Further guidance is provided in documents TGP/9 “Examining
Distinctness” and TGP/8 “Trial Design and Techniques Used in the
Examination of Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability”.

4.1.2. Consistent Differences
The differences observed between varieties may be so clear that morethan one growing cycle is not necessary. In addition, in somecircumstances, the influence of the environment is not such that morethan a single growing cycle is required to provide assurance that thedifferences observed between varieties are sufficiently consistent.
One means of ensuring that a difference in a characteristic, observedin a growing trial, is sufficiently consistent is to examine thecharacteristic in at least two independent growing cycles.

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4.1.3. Clear Differences
Determining whether a difference between two varieties is clear
depends on many factors, and should consider, in particular, the typeof expression of the characteristic being examined, i.e. whether it isexpressed in a qualitative, quantitative, or pseudo-qualitative manner.
Therefore, it is important that users of these Test Guidelines arefamiliar with the recommendations contained in the General
Introduction prior to making decisions regarding distinctness.
4.1.4. Number of Plants / Parts of Plants to be Examined
Unless otherwise indicated, for the purpose of distinctness, allobservations on single plants should be made on 20 plants or partstaken from each of 20 plants in the case of seed-propagated varieties
disregarding any off-type plants. In the case of vegetatively
propagated varieties all observations on single plants should be madeon 5 plants or parts taken from each of 5 plants.
4.1.5. Method of Observation
The recommended method of observing the characteristic for the
purposes of distinctness is indicated by the following key in thesecond column of the Table of Characteristics (see document TGP/9“Examining
Distinctness”,
Section
4“Observationofcharacteristics”):
MG: single measurement of a group of plants or parts of plants
MS: measurement of a number of individual plants or parts of plants
VG: visual assessment by a single observation of a group of plants orparts of plants
VS: visual assessment by observation of individual plants or parts ofplantsType of observation: visual (V) or measurement (M)“Visual” observation (V) is an observation made on the basis of
the expert’s judgment. For the purposes of this document, “visual”
observation refers to the sensory observations of the experts and,
therefore, also includes smell, taste and touch. Visual observation
includes observations where the expert uses reference points (e.g.
diagrams, example varieties, side-by-side comparison) or nonlinear charts (e.g. color charts). Measurement (M) is an objective
observation against a calibrated, linear scale e.g. using a ruler,weighing scales, colorimeter, dates, counts, etc.

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Type of record: for a group of plants (G) or for single, individual
plants (S)For the purposes of distinctness, observations may be recorded asa single record for a group of plants or parts of plants (G), or may
be recorded as records for a number of single, individual plants orparts of plants (S). In most cases, “G” provides a single record per
variety and it is not possible or necessary to apply statisticalmethods in a plant-by-plant analysis for the assessment ofdistinctness.
In cases where more than one method of observing the characteristic
is indicated in the Table of Characteristics (e.g. VG/MG), guidance on
selecting an appropriate method is provided in document TGP/9,
Section 4.2.
4.2. Uniformity
4.2.1. It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to
consult the General Introduction prior to making decisions regarding
uniformity. However, the following points are provided forelaboration or emphasis in these Test Guidelines:
4.2.2. Vegetatively propagated varieties: for the assessment of uniformity ofvegetatively propagated varieties, a population standard of 1% and an
acceptance probability of 95% should be applied. In the case of asample size of 5 plants, no off-type is allowed..
4.2.3. Seed-propagated varieties: the assessment of uniformity for seedpropagated varieties should be according to the recommendations forcross-pollinated varieties in the General Introduction.
4.3. Stability
4.3.1. In practice, it is not usual to perform tests of stability that produce
results as certain as those of the testing of distinctness and uniformity.
However, experience has demonstrated that, for many types of variety,when a variety has been shown to be uniform, it can also be
considered to be stable.
4.3.2. Where appropriate, or in case of doubt, stability may be tested, either
by growing a further generation, or by testing a new plant stock toensure that it exhibits the same characteristics as those shown by theprevious material supplied.
5. Grouping of Varieties and Organization of the Growing Trial
5.1. The selection of varieties of common knowledge to be grown in the trial withthe candidate varieties and the way in which these varieties are divided into
groups to facilitate the assessment of distinctness are aided by the use ofgrouping characteristics.

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5.2. Grouping characteristics are those in which the documented states of
expression, even where produced at different locations, can be used, either
individually or in combination with other such characteristics: (a) to selectvarieties of common knowledge that can be excluded from the growing trial
used for examination of distinctness; and (b) to organize the growing trial sothat similar varieties are grouped together.
5.3.

The following have been agreed as useful grouping characteristics:a) Plantb) Leaf bladec) Petioled) Fruite) Fruitf) Fruit: height to first flower (characteristic 2): ratio length/width (characteristic 11): anthocyanin coloration (characteristic 19): ratio length/diameter at broadest part (characteristic 34): shape (characteristic 35): color of flesh (characteristic 44)

5.4. Guidance for the use of grouping characteristics, in the process of examining
distinctness, is provided through the General Introduction.
6. Introduction to the Table of Characteristics
6.1. Categories of Characteristics
6.1.1. Standard Test Guidelines Characteristics
Standard Test Guidelines characteristics are those which are approved
by UPOV for examination of DUS and from which members of theUnion can select those suitable for their particular circumstances.
6.1.2. Asterisked Characteristics
Asterisked characteristics (denoted by *) are those included in the
Test Guidelines which are important for the international
harmonization of variety descriptions and should always be examined
for DUS and included in the variety description by all members of theUnion, except when the state of expression of a preceding
characteristic or regional environment conditions render thisinappropriate.
6.2. States of Expression and Corresponding Notes
States of expression are given for each characteristic to define thecharacteristic and to harmonize descriptions. Each states of expression isallocated a corresponding numerical note for ease of recording of data andfor the production and exchange of the description.
6.2.1. States of expression are given for each characteristic to define thecharacteristic and to harmonize descriptions. Each state of expressionis allocated a corresponding numerical note for ease of recording ofdata and for the production and exchange of the description.

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6.2.2. In the case of qualitative and pseudo-qualitative characteristics (seeChapter 6.3), all relevant states of expression are presented in thecharacteristic. However, in the case of quantitative characteristics
with 5 or more states, an abbreviated scale may be used to minimize
the size of the Table of Characteristics. For example, in the case of aquantitative characteristic with 9 states, the presentation of states of
expression in the Test Guidelines may be abbreviated as follows:
State
small
medium
large

Note
3
5
7

However, it should be noted that all of the following 9 states of
expression exist to describe varieties and should be used as
appropriate:Statevery small
very small to small
small
small to medium
mediummedium to large
large
large to very large
very large

Note
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

6.2.3. Further explanation of the presentation of states of expression andnotes is provided in document TGP/7 “Development of Test
Guidelines”.
6.3. Types of Expression
An explanation of the type of expression of characteristics (qualitative,
quantitative and pseudo-qualitative) is provided in the General Introduction.
6.4. Example Varieties
Where appropriate, example varieties are provided to clarify the states of
expression of each characteristic.
6.5. Legend
(*)
QN
PQ
(a) – (e)(+)

Asterisked characteristic – see chapter 6.1.2
QL
Qualitative characteristic – see chapter 6.3.
Quantitative characteristic – see chapter 6.3.
Pseudo - Qualitative characteristic – see chapter 6.3.
See explanation on the Table of Characteristics in Chapter 8.1
See explanation on the Table of Characteristics in Chapter 8.2

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7. Table of Characteristics
UPOV EA
1
1
(+)
PQ

2
(*)
(+)
QN

3
(*)
(+)
QL
4

2

3

VG/
MS

VG/

4

5

6

(*)
(+)
QN
7
PQ

8.
QN

VG/
MS
(a)

VG/
MS
(a)

VG/
MS
(a)

VG
(a)

VG/
MS

Example Varieties

IPB1-1, IPB 3, IPB
4, IPB 6, IPB 9

brown
green and purple
only purple
Plant: height of attachment of firstinflorescence or flower

High
Plant: branching
Absent

(*)
(+)
QN
6

only green
yellowish green

Low
Medium

(*)
(+)
QN
5

PVP Characteristic
VG Young plant: color of stem

Note
1
2
3
4
5

IPB 6, IPB 93
IPB 4, IPB 3, IPB1- 5
1
7

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

1

Present
Stem: diameter

9

Small
Medium3
5

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

Large
Stem: number of nodes
Few
Medium7

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

Many
Stem: length of internode
Short
MediumLong
Stem: main color
Green

3
5
7

IPB 9
IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
3, IPB1-1
IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

3
5
7
1

Grey
Brown
PurpleStem: density of fruit at column

2
3
4

Sparse3

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Medium
Dense
7

9

(+)
QN
8

10

(+)
QN
9
(*)
QN

11

VG/
MS
(b)

VG/
MS
(b)

VG/
MS
(b)

12

VG/
MS
QN (b)

13

VG/
MS
QN (b)
14

VG

QL

(b)

10
(*)
(+)
QL

15

11
(*)
(+)
QL

16

12
(+)

17

5
7

Leaf blade: length
Short
MediumIPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

Long
Leaf blade: width
Narrow
MediumVery elongatedModerately elongated
Slightly elongatedLeaf blade: Depth of primary lobe
Shallow
MediumDeep
Leaf blade: number of primary
lobes
Few
MediumMany
Leaf blade: presence of secondary
lobes
AbsentPresent
Leaf blade: presence of tertiary
lobes

(b)

AbsentPresent

VG

Leaf: presence of flag leaflet
AbsentPresent
Leaf blade: pubescence on lower
side

3
5
7

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

Broad
Leaf blade: ratio length/width

VG

VG

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

3
57

IPB 3, IPB 4, IPB1- 1
1
IPB 6, IPB 923

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

3
5
7
1
2
3

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

1
9

IPB 6, IPB 3
1
IPB 4, IPB 9, IPB1- 9
1

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
3, IPB1-1
IPB 9

1
9

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QL

(b)

13
(*)
QN

18

14
QN

19

VG/
MS
(b)

VG
(b)

20 VG
(+)
QN (b)

21
(+)
PQ

15
(*)
QN

16
(*)
QN

17

22

QN

18

25

QN

26
(+)

Short
MediumLong
Petiole: anthocyanin coloration
Absent or very weakMediumVery strong
Petiole: attitude of attachment tomain stem
Upwards

VG
(b)

Green

MG

Yellow
PurpleTime of flowering

VG
(c)

24

Present
Petiole: length

Outwards
Downwards
Petiole: main color

(a)

23

Absent

VG/
MS
(c)

Early
Medium3
IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB9, 5
IPB 3, IPB1-1
7
IPB 6, IPB 9, IPB
3, IPB1-1
IPB 4

IPB 6, IPB 9, IPB
3, IPB1-1
IPB 4

IPB 6, IPB 9, IPB
3, IPB1-1
IPB 4

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

Late
Inflorescence: number of flowers
Few
MediumShort
Medium(c)

VG

MediumStrongOvary: width bellow the apex

1
3
5
1
2
3
1
2
3
3
5
7

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

Many
Inflorescence: length of main axis

Long
Inflorescence: anthocyanin
coloration of axis
Absent or very weakVG

IPB 6, IPB 3, IPB1- 1
1
IPB 4, IPB 9
9

3
5
7

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

3
57

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

1
2
3

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QN

19
(+)
QN

20 (+)
PQ

27
(+)
QL

VG

28

VG/
MS

29

30
(+)
QL
21 (*)

31

VG

VG

VG/
MS

32

VG/
MS

Short
Medium3
5

Long
Flower: color of corolla
White

34

VG/
MS

QN
25
(*)
(+)
PQ

35

VG

1
2
3
4
5

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

1
9

Short
Medium3
5

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

Long
Fruit: length

23 (*)

24 (*)IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

7

Present
Peduncle: length

MediumLong
Fruit: diameter

QN

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB1-1
IPB 3

Cream
Yellow
Green
PurpleFlower: anthocyanin coloration

Short

VG/
MS

3
5
7
1
9

QN

33

IPB 6
IPB 4, IPB 9
IPB 3, IPB1-1

At the base
At middle third
Flower: length of corolla

AbsentQN

22 (*)

Narrow
MediumBroad
Stamen: Attachment to ovary7
IPB 4, IPB 3, IPB1- 3
1
IPB 6, IPB 9
5
7

Small
MediumLarge
Fruit: ratio length/ diameter

IPB 4, IPB 3
IPB 9, IPB1-1
IPB 6

3
5
7

Very elongatedModerately elongated
Slightly elongated
Fruit: shape

IPB 6, IPB 9
IPB 4, IPB3
IPB1-1

3
5
7

IPB 6

1
2

Ovate
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26
(+)
PQ

36

27
QN

37

28
(*)
PQ

ObovatePyriform
OblongObovate waisted
Fruit: shape of stalk end

IPB1-1
IPB 4, IPB 3
IPB 9

3
4
5
6

PointedRounded
Truncate
Depressed
Fruit: shape at distal end
RoundedWeakly pointed
Strongly pointed
Fruit: main color at immature
stage
Light green
Medium green
Dark green
Yellow
Fruit: main color

IPB 4, IPB 3
IPB1-1
IPB 6
IPB 9

1
2
3
4

IPB1-1, IPB 9
IPB 3, IPB 4
IPB 6

1
2
3

IPB 9, IPB1-1
IPB 3
IPB 6
IPB 4

1
2
3
4

Green
Yellow green
Yellow
Medium orange
Dark orange
Fruit: density of speckles

1
2
3
IPB 4, Pointed
4
IPB 6, IPB 9, IPB 3 5
IPB 3, IPB1-1

VG

Absent or very weakMediumMany
Fruit: ridges(d)Absent or very weak

VG
(d)

Weak
Moderate
StrongFruit: surface
Smooth

IPB 4, IPB 9,IPB 3, 1
IPB1-1
2
IPB 6
3
4

VG

MediumRoughFruit: thickness of skin

VG

VG

38
(+)
PQ

VG

39

VG
(d)

40 VG
(+)
QN (e)
29
(*)
(+)
QN

30
QN

41

42

31
(*)
(+)
QN

43

32

44

(d)
VG

Thin
MediumThick
Fruit: color of flesh

1
2
3

IPB 4, IPB 9, IPB1- 1
1
IPB 3
2
IPB 6
3

IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB 9 1
IPB 32
IPB1-1
3

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(*)
PQ
33
QN

34
(+)
QN

35
QN

(d)
45

46

VG
(d)

Yellow
OrangeRed orange
Fruit: firmness of flesh
Soft

MS

MediumFirm
Fruit: sweetness of flesh

(d)

47

VG
(d)

48 VG/(+) MSQN (d)
36

49

QN

VG
(d)

37
(*)
(+)
QN

50

38
(*)
(+)
PQ

51

39
(*)
QN

52

VG/
MS
(d)

VG
(d)

VG/
MS

Low
MediumHigh
Fruit: aroma of flesh
Weak
Moderate
StrongFruit: thickness of flesh
Thin
MediumThick
Fruit: abundance of placental
tissueScarceModerate
Abundant
Fruit: width of central cavity
Narrow
MediumBroad
Fruit: shape of central cavity

1
IPB1-1, IPB 62
IPB 4, IPB 9, IPB 3 3
IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB1-1
IPB 3

IPB 6
IPB 4, IPB 9, IPB
3, IPB1-1

3
5
7
3
5
7

IPB 9, IPB 3, IPB1- 1
1
IPB 6
2
IPB 4
3
IPB 4
3
IPB 6, IPB 9, IPB 3 5
IPB1-1
7
IPB 6, IPB 9
IPB 3, IPB1-1
IPB 4

3
5
7

IPB 9
3
IPB 4, IPB 3, IPB1- 5
1
IPB 6
7

Circular
Angular
Stellate type 1
Stellate type 2
Irregular
Fruit: number of seeds

IPB 6
IPB 4, IPB 9
IPB 3, IPB1-1

1
2
3
4
5

Absent or very few
Few
Medium
Many

1
IPB 6
3
IPB 9
5
IPB 4, IPB 3, IPB1- 7
1

TG/Papaya
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40
PQ

41

53

54

VG

VG/
MS

QN
42

55

VG/
MS

QN

43

56

VG/
MS

QN
44
(+)
QN

45
QN

57

VG

58
QL

VG

59

VG

Very many
Seed: color
Grey yellow
Grey
Medium brown
Dark brown
Black
Seed: length912
IPB 6, IPB 3, IPB1- 3
1
IPB 4, IPB 9
4
5

Short
MediumLong
Seed: width

IPB 3, IPB1-1
IPB 4
IPB 6, IPB 9

Narrow
MediumIPB 4
3
IPB 9. IPB 3, IPB1- 5
1
IPB 6
7

Broad
Seed: ratio length/width

3
5
7

Elongated
Circular
Compressed
Seed: position of broadest part

IPB 4, IPB 9
IPB 6
IPB 3, IPB1-1

At middle

IPB 6, IPB 3, IPB1- 1
1
IPB 4, IPB 923Slightly towards baseStrongly toward base
Seed: sarcotesta appearance
Generally translucent
Generally opaque
Seed: amount of mucilage
Small
Moderate
Large

1
2
3

IPB 6, IPB 3, IPB1- 1
1
IPB 4, IPB 93
IPB 4, IPB 6, IPB
9, IPB 3, IPB1-1

1
2
3

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8. Explanations on the Table of Characteristics
8.1. Explanations covering several characteristic
Characteristics containing the following key in the second column of theTable of Characteristics should be examined as indicated below:(a) Plant and stem: Observations on the plant and stem should be madewhen the first inflorescence or single flower has appeared.
(b) Leaf blade and petiole: Observations on the leaf blade and petiole should
be made on mature leaves. Leaves should be taken from the middle thirdof the current season’s growth when the first inflorescence or single
flower fruit has appeared.
(c) Inflorescence: Observations on inflorescence should be taken after the
fourth one has appeared, when it has reached its full length. Single
flowers should be excluded from all observations. Observations must be
made only on hermaphrodite or female plants, according to the type ofvariety that will be tested.
(d) Peduncle, fruit and seed: Observations on the peduncle, fruit and seedshould be made on 5 typical fruits, taken from the middle part of the
fruiting region at the time of harvest maturity. Seed characteristics
should only be observed on fully-developed seeds. Observation must be
made only on the type of variety that will be tested: hermaphrodite or
female plants.
Seed characteristics should only be observed on fully-developed seeds.
(e) Ripe fruit: Observations on the ripe fruit should be made when the color
change is complete.
8.2 Explanations for individual characteristics
Ad. 1: Young plant: color of stem
In the case of seed propagated varieties, the color of stem should beobserved when the first node is formed. In the case of vegetatively
propagated varieties, the color of stem should be observed when thefirst node is formed of new growth.
Ad. 2:

Plant: height of attachment of first inflorescence or flower

TG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 17 -

Ad. 3:

Plant:

branching

The branching should be observed at the beginning of flowering.
Ad. 4:

Stem:

diameter

The diameter should be observed half-way up the stem, at the beginning offlowering.
Ad. 5:

Stem:

number of nodes

The number of nodes should be observed from the ground up to the firstflower.
Ad. 6:

Stem:

length of internode

The length of internode should be observed midway between the ground andthe first inflorescence.
Ad. 9:

Leaf blade:length

Ad. 10: Leaf blade: width
Ad. 12:

Leaf blade: Depth of primary lobe

Ad. 13:

Leaf blade:

number of primary lobes

Ad.14:

Leaf blade:presence of secondary lobes

Ad. 15: Leaf blade: presence of tertiary lobes
widthlengthtertiary lobe
primary lobe

secondary lobe

TG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 18 -

Ad. 16: Leaf: presence of flag leaflet

Ad. 17: Leaf blade: pubescence on lower side
Observations on pubescence should be made with the aid of a magnifying
glass.
Ad. 20: Petiole: attitude of attachment to main stem
To be observed on the petiole which closely attached to fully blooming
flowers
Ad. 21: Petiole: main color
Ad. 26: Ovary: width bellow the apex

Ad. 27: Stamen: Attachment to ovary
To be observed on fully booming flower
Ad. 28: Flower: length of corollaTG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 19 -

This characteristic only applies to hermaphrodite or female varieties.
Observations on flower length should be made during the first flower opening, atthe start of anther dehiscence in hermaphrodite varieties, and in the case of
female varieties at midday
Ad. 29: Flower: color of corollaThis characteristic applies to all types of plants, regardless of the sex.
Observations on flower color should be made during the first flower opening.
Ad. 30: Flower: anthocyanin coloration
To be observed on matured flower bud, just before bloom
Ad.35:

Fruit: shape

Ad. 36:Fruit:

1
pointedshape of stalk end

2rounded3
truncate

4
depressed

TG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 20 -

Ad. 38: Fruit: main color at immature stage
To be assess 2 months after fruit set

Ad. 40: Fruit: density of speckles
To be assess at ripe stage

Ad. 41: Fruit: ridges
To be observed in transverse section.

1
absent or very
weak

2
weak

3
moderate

Ad. 43: Fruit: thickness of skin
The thickness of the skin is observed in transverse section.

4strongTG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 21 -

Ad. 46:Fruit: sweetness of flesh

To be measured by refractometer as total soluble solids content.
Ad. 48: Fruit: thickness of flesh
To be observed at the broadest part of fruits
Ad. 50:

Fruit: width of central cavity

The width of the central cavity should be observed at the broadest part.

width

Ad. 51:

Fruit: shape of central cavity

1
Circular2
angular3star-shaped

4
irregular

5stellate
Ad. 58:Seed:

1
at middle

position of broadest part2
slightly towards base3strongly towards base

TG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 22 -

9. Literature
IBPGR, 1988: Descriptors for Papaya. International Board for Plant Genetic
Resources. Rome, IT, 34 pp.
Loyola, J.L.D., Pinto, R.M. de S., Lima, J.F. de, Ferreira, F.R. 2000: Catálogo degermoplasma de mamão (Carica papaya L.). Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz
das Almas, Bahia, BR, 40 pp.

TG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 23 -

10. Technical Questionnaire

TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:
Application date:(not to be filled in by the applicant)

TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
to be completed in connection with an application for plant breeders’ rights
1.

2.

Subject of the Technical Questionnaire
1.1

Latin name

Carica papaya L.

1.2

Common name

PapayaApplicantName
Address

Telephone No.
Fax No.
E-mail address
Breeder (if different from applicant)3.

Proposed denomination and breeder’s reference
Proposed denomination(if available)
Breeder’s referenceTG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 24 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:Information on the breeding scheme and propagation of the variety
4.1

Breeding scheme
Variety resulting from:
4.1.1

Crossing(a)controlled cross(please state parent varieties)(…………………..……………..…)
female parent
(b)

x

x

]

(……………..…………………..…)
male parent

partially known cross(please state known parent variety(ies))(…………………..……………..…)
female parent
(c)

[

[

]

(……………..…………………..…)
male parent

unknown cross

[

]

4.1.2

Mutation(please state parent variety)

[

]

4.1.3

Discovery and development(please state where and when discovered and how developed)

[

]

4.1.4

Other
(please provide details)[]

TG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 25 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

4.2

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:

Method of propagating the variety
4.2.1

4.2.1

4.2.3

Seed-propagated varieties(a)

Cross-pollination(b)

Hybrid

[

]

(c)

Other
(please provide details)”[]

Vegetative propagation(a)cuttings

[

]

(b)

in vitro propagation

[

]

(c)

other (state method)

Other
[
]
(please provide details)”[]

TG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 26 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

5.

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:

Characteristics of the variety to be indicated (the number in brackets refers to the corresponding characteristic in Test
Guidelines; please mark the note which best corresponds).
Characteristics
5.1(2)

Plant:Note

IPB 6, IPB 93[ ]height of attachment of first inflorescence or flower

low

IPB 4, IPB 3, IPB1-1

medium
high
5.2
(11)

Example Varieties

-

7[ ]

Very elongated

IPB 3, IPB 4, IPB1-1

1[ ]Moderately elongated

IPB 6, IPB 92[ ]Leaf blade:ratio length/width

Slightly elongated
5.3
(34)

5[ ]

3[ ]

Fruit: ratio length/diameter

Very elongated

IPB 6, IPB 93[ ]Moderately elongated

IPB 4, IPB3

5[ ]Slightly elongated

IPB1-1

7[ ]TG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 27 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

Characteristics
5.4
(35)

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:

Example Varieties

Note

Fruit: shape

Ovate

1[ ]

Elliptic

IPB 6

2[ ]

Obovate

IPB1-1

3[ ]Pyriform

IPB 4, IPB 3

4[ ]Oblong

IPB 9

5[ ]

Obovate waisted

Characteristics

6[ ]Example Varieties

NoteTG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 28 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
6.

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:

Similar varieties and differences from these varieties

Please use the following table and box for comments to provide information on how your candidate variety differs from thevariety (or varieties) which, to the best of your knowledge, is (or are) most similar. This information may help theexamination authority to conduct its examination of distinctness in a more efficient way.
Denomination(s) of variety(ies)similar to your candidate variety

ExampleComments:

Characteristic(s) in whichyour candidate variety
differs from the similarvariety(ies)

Fruit:

shape

Describe the expression of
the characteristic(s) for
the similar variety(ies)

Describe the expression of thecharacteristic(s) for yourcandidate variety

ovate

ellipticTG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 29 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:#

7.

Additional information which may help in the examination of the variety

7.1

In addition to the information provided in sections 5 and 6, are there any additional characteristics which may help todistinguish the variety?
Yes

[

]

No

[

]

(If yes, please provide details)
7.2

Are there any special conditions for growing the variety or conducting the examination?
Yes

[

]

No

[

]

(If yes, please provide details)
7.3

Other information

A representative color image of the variety should accompany the Technical Questionnaire.

8.

Authorization for release(a)
Does the variety require prior authorization for release under legislation concerning the protection of theenvironment, human and animal health?
Yes
(b)

[

]

No

[

]

No

[

]

Has such authorization been obtained?
Yes

[

]

If the answer to (b) is yes, please attach a copy of the authorization.

TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
9.

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:Information on plant material to be examined or submitted for examination.

9.1
The expression of a characteristic or several characteristics of a variety may be affected by factors, such as pests anddisease, chemical treatment (e.g. growth retardants or pesticides), effects of tissue culture, different rootstocks, scions takenfrom different growth phases of a tree, etc.
9.2
The plant material should not have undergone any treatment which would affect the expression of the characteristics ofthe variety, unless the competent authorities allow or request such treatment. If the plant material has undergone suchtreatment, full details of the treatment must be given. In this respect, please indicate below, to the best of your knowledge, if
the plant material to be examined has been subjected to:(a)

Microorganisms (e.g. virus, bacteria, phytoplasma)[ ]Yes [ ]

No

TG/Papaya
2013-07-03- 30 -(b)

Chemical treatment (e.g. growth retardant, pesticide)
[ ]

Yes [

]

No

(c)

Tissue culture
[ ]

Yes

]

No

(d)

Other factors[ ]Yes [ ]

No[

Please provide details for where you have indicated “yes”.
……………………………………………………………
10.

I hereby declare that, to the best of my knowledge, the information provided in this form is correct:
Applicant’s nameSignature

Date[End of document]