JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

１

January 2019Vol. 73, No. 1

The Special Issue of the 61st―2018 JAPAN TAPPI Annual Meetingat Omiya，Saitama
2 General Review of the 61st―2018 JAPAN TAPPI Annual Meeting at Omiya，
Saitama……Planning Subcommittee，JAPAN TAPPI
11 Keynote Speech
61st―2018 JAPAN TAPPI Annual Meeting in Omiya，Saitama“Innovation and progress by creating technical innovation to lead to the future”……Kazufumi Yamazaki

17 Lecture by Winner of 2017 JAPAN TAPPI Prize
19 List of Exhibitors & Exhibits 2018

Technical Report

22 High Pressure Washer for Canvas「Blower Suction type Super Cleaner」……Chihiro Murayama

27 Development and High Efficiency of Vertical Separater，Washer，and Fiber
Recovery “Vertical Z”…… Masayasu Kamijo，Takefumi Ide and Saki Ueda
32 MaxiTrasher System and Continuous Detrash System―Suggestion of the Latest Contaminants Removal Method for Lower Quality Waste Paper―……Keiji Yasuda

37 Pulping and Detrashing Technology for the Solution of Contaminants Treatment……Masamori Tanaka

41 New Counter Mesurement Against the Fabric Defect Combined with Dryer
Section Deposits Prevention and High Recovery，High Pressure Cleaner……Tomohiko Nagatsuka

47 Selection and Development of Trapping Tools for Effective Best Management……Tomohiro Ohba

Topics & Information

51 How The Paper Industry in Japan Has Technologically Responded to The Paradigm
Shifts of The Japanese SocietyPart 5：Key–technologies，Information Revolution and the Summary of the Series……Kiyoaki Iida

Research Report（Original Paper）

58 Surface Modifications of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Their Applications……Jun Araki
03 Committee report
57 Coffee break
69 Papyrus
75
80
82
92
93
95

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2019 January JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.1

Abstracts

High Pressure Washer for Canvas 「Blower Suction type Super Cleaner」
Chihiro Murayama
Technical Sales Department / AIKAWA IRON WORKS CO.,LTD.
We have so far had more than 100 installations for the canvas cleaning devices, sincein the beginning a scan jet shower device, and in 2003 delivered the high pressurecleaning device “combi cleaner” for the first time in Japan, then in 2007 delivered thefirst domestic-made super cleaner.
The conventional high pressure washing equipment has the eco - wash function thatis performed during machine operation, and in the high pressure washing category
there has historically been an upper limitation of two high pressure nozzles (orifice
diameter 0.2 mm) not giving the negative influences to the paper quality.
It has however recently become possible to increase to between 5 and 12 nozzles
using high pressure nozzle diameter of 0.2 mm, by changing the cleaning head shapeand applying an ideal nozzle formation.
We will then introduce the features and case studies of the latest Blower suction
type Super Cleaner.

Development and high efficiency of vertical separater，washer，and fiber recovery“ Vertical Z ”
Takefumi Ide, Masayasu Kamijo, Saki Ueda
TAIZEN CO.,LTD.
Taizen recieved a Japan TAPPI Sasaki prize in1999 for our product“Taizen Pulp
Washer”，and we recieved this year's Sasaki prize for “TaizenVerticalZ”, it was our
second Sasaki prize.
We have been developing washers from horizontal type to vertical type, and it has
resulted in the greatest step up. Especially for fiber recovery from low consistency andlarge quantity of white water or waste water. We introduced“TaizenVerticalZ”in thispaper in2011, but this time we will introduce new features for“TaizenVerticalZ”．
We appreciate the support from“TaizenVerticalZ” users, and appreciate theopportunity to introduce this paper to the paper manufacturing industry again.

MaxiTrasher System and Continuous Detrash System-Suggestion of the latest contaminants removal method for lower quality waste paperKeiji Yasuda
Aikawa Iron Works
The paper mills in Japan using waste paper as main raw material have beenrequired urgent counter-action against the lower quality waste paper grade since
China enforced the law in 2017 prohibiting the unsorted waste paper imports. The
countries in South-East Asia also need to prepare the same action since the unsorted
waste paper refused by China have been sent distributed to South-East Asia
nowadays.
In this paper the MaxiTrasher system that was released recently and theContinuous Detrash system that was developed from the MaxiTrasher technologies
are introduced. The both systems would be an effective solution against the lower
quality waste paper.

Pulping and Detrashing technology for the solution of contaminants treatment
Masamori Tanaka
Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
The role of Pulper is not only to defiberize the raw material but also to separate raw
material into fibers and contaminants. Nowadays the property of raw material ischanging and the role of pulper for contaminants separation is getting more important.
High-Con Pulper has no slushing function and so most of contaminants are rejectedwithout cutting into small pieces. It has good effect for outlet quality, but Low-Con
Pulper can use much smaller perforation diameter of screen plate and it enables better
quality than High-Con pulper outlet.
To treat wet-strength raw material, High-Con pulper needs longer pulping zone
even normal raw material does not, and it requires more installation space. In
Low-Con pulper, defibered material goes through the screen plate quickly and flakes
remains in the vat. This means that capacity and installed power are mainly used fornon-defibered material and the size of machine can be more minimized than High-Con
pulper.
The latest detrashing system consists of Junkomat, IntensaMaXX and ScreenDrum.
They are operated by automatic sequence and it is possible to adjust their operatingcondition based on the contaminants property. Less dilution water is required in thesystem and so their sizes and motors can be minimized because the volume to handle
is less than diluted one.
Now and for future, the ratio of contaminants in raw material seems to be unstable.
For future pulper and detrashing system, more flexible function will be required basedon their features.

New counter mesurement against the Fabric defect combined with Dryer Section Deposits
Prevention and high recovery ,high pressure cleaner
Tomohiko Nagatsuka
Application Development Section
MAINTECH CO.,LTD Fuji Technology Development Center
As the recycle pulp is increased, the amount and adhesive deposit is also increasedin the system. Particularly, the adhesive deposits lead to serious problems in
paper-making machine which cause sheet breaks or defects in a finished paper.
Paper-making machine adopts Maintech Dry-part surface prevision(DSP)technology
and the high pressure cleaner to this problem on the Fabric, but this combination
which the cleaner removes Maintech DSP coating on the fabric turned out to beunsatisfactory. On top of that Besides remaining water of some cleaners

sometimes

leads to water mark and spot on the paper.
So Maintech and IBS together have developed “Fabrikeeper” that is the combined
technology of DSP and IBS cleaner “Fabricare” .
This report introduces the concept of “Fabrikeeper”and examples applied in the paper
machines.

Selection and development of trapping tools for effective best management
Tomohiro Ohba
Earth Environmental Service Co., Ltd
Using the insect trapping tools is a basic measure for pest management. The use of
the trapping tool has the purpose of killing insects and investigating (monitoring). For
effective pest management, it is necessary to understand the features of various
models, and to select an appropriate model according to the use purpose and place ofinstallation of the insect trapping tool. In this report, I explain the features of eachmodel together with our product development.

Adhesive type insect trap is a trapping tool that captures insects with adhesive
paper. This model is suitable for investigation (monitoring) of insects. There are also
large size models that can trap many insects. Our adhesive type insect trap ESCO 641
is equipped with a generator of induced sound waves, it can also use odor-attachedadhesive papers (641 Kobae sheets) and real time monitoring equipment (EMS-Q).
ESCO 641 is a model that enhances trapping performance and investigation function.
Suction type insect trap is a trapping tool that that captures insects by suction withthe fan. This model can trap many insects. Our suction type insect trap ESCO AIR 640
can strongly capture insects with a wind speed of 13 m / s.
We developed a new insect trap ESCO LED 641 using LED as the attracting lightsource. This model not only saves power by using LED but also enhances the trapping
performance by edge effect, flicker function, induced sound wave and strong adhesive
sheet. It has 1.2 to 3.5 times capture performance than conventional products, and it isexcellent also in capture speed and capture performance in bright places.

How the paper industry in Japan has technologically responded to the paradigm shifts of theJapanese society
Part5： Key-technology, Information Revolution and the Summary of the Series
Kiyoaki Iida
Since 1960, the industries manufacturing goods in Japan made better use of thesolid state technology that was newly developed, improved productivity and upgradedproduct quality, and led the world in manufacturing sectors. The progress of the solidstate technology, however, stagnated in the 1990s. The technology spread to othercountries which, then, chased Japan. Exactly at that time, the information technologythat would be a key technology of the next generation was invented, in which Japanwas behind by a couple of steps.
The industrial society that started from around 1800 kept increasing its GDP byalmost the same rate per year, exponentially in other words.

The information society

beginning from 2000, on the other hand, has reduced the energy consumption per unit
production exponentially every year. That will be a hope of being a sustainable society.
The content of this series is summarized in the last part.

Surface Modifications of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Their Applications
Jun Araki
Institute of Textile Science and Technology, Academic Assembly,
Shinshu University and Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Shinshu University
Cellulose/chitin nanowhiskers (NWs) obtained by acid hydrolysis of native cellulose
and chitin have been investigated as rod-like charged colloidal systems. Due to theirhigh mechanical properties, they are also promising as reinforcing fillers ofnanocomposites. The author presents a brief overview about preparation of various
types of cellulose/chitin NWs by different acid treatments, control of theirdispersibility by introduction of surface charge groups or steric hindrance by
surface-grafted polymers, and resultant changes in viscosity behaviors and liquid
crystal formation. More recent topics, i.e. hybridization with metal nanoparticles andproduction of novel dry fine CNW powders are also presented.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

2

February 2019Vol. 73, No. 2

CNF/Research and Development
1 Development of Highly Functionalized Transparent Sheet from Phosphorylated
		 Cellulose Nanofiber……Hayato Fushimi
5 Efforts for the Practical Use of Cellulose Nanofibers（CNF）
		 ―Application Development of Various CNF―……Masayuki Kawasaki

11 Commercialization and Application Development of Nanoforest……Yoshio Itoh16 Development of Chemically Modified CNF Reinforced Plastics……Daisuke Kuroki
20 Development of Efficient Production Systems for Forest Tree Seedlings……Naoki Negishi，Katsuhiko Nakahama，Nobuyuki Urata and Toshiaki Tanabe

23 The Development of Wind Power Business in the Location Adjacent to the		 Akita Mill……Takashi Sasama
29 CFD Technology for Slot Coating
		 ―Consideration the Penetration of Liquid into Porous Paper―……Yousuke Ozeki and Masaru Yasuhara
Topics & Information

37

The History of Paperboard

Part 1：Paper Recycling Before 1800……Kiyoaki Iida

03
44
45
46

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

52
57
67
68
70

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2019 February JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.2

Abstracts

Development of highly functionalized transparent sheet from phosphorylated cellulose
nanofiber
Hayato Fushimi
CNF R&D Center, Innovation Promotion Division, Oji Holdings Corporation
Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is highly crystallized microfibril in which molecular
chains of cellulose regularly arranged. It has excellent properties such as highstrength and Young’s modulus, low thermal expansion, high surface area. From thesefeatures, it has been proposed to process CNF into sheet form and use it for various
applications such as flexible electronic devices. However, there have been no examplesof establishing CNF sheet production to the scale larger than laboratory equipment sofar, and thus there are many problems in manufacturing. We applied CNF
manufacturing technology by phosphorylation and CNF sheet manufacturing
technology, and introduced the facility of CNF sheet production in the second half offiscal 2017. AUROVEILTM, CNF sheet which is continuously produced in this facility
has features, namely, high strength and modulus, flexibility and low thermal
expansion, in addition to the transparency comparable to the optical film. We can also
produce AUROVEIL 3DTM, the sheet having a feature that it can be freely formed
without cracking during molding process, and AUROVEIL WPTM overcoming theshortage of water resistance. We will further accelerate the application development ofthese CNF sheets.

Efforts for the practical use of cellulose nanofibers（CNF）- Application development of various CNF Masayuki Kawasaki
Nippon Paper Industries Co.,LTD
As a "comprehensive biomass company", we are striving not only to expand existing
business such as paper products and chemical products utilizing wood biomass but
also to develop new business area. Amid efforts of new businesses, we are focusing on
developing manufacture and use of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) as a new cellulosic
material. Since the participation in the project of New Energy and Industrial
Technology Development Organization (NEDO) in 2007, we have been engaged in thedevelopment of CNF and have been developing practical use of various types of CNF.
In 2017, we have prepared various CNF production systems by installing production

facilities at the Ishinomaki mill(TEMPO oxidized CNF) and Gotsu mill
(Carboxymethylated CNF) as a commercial mass production facility anddemonstration plant of CNF reinforced resin at the Fuji mill. In this report,
characteristics of CNF produced at each production facilities installed last year andthe situation of application development are reported.
Commercialization and application development of nanoforest
Yoshio Itoh
Development，Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co.,Ltd.
Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd. is producing cellulose nano fiber(CNF) named as“nanoforest”, which is produced with Aqueous Counter Collision(ACC) method. The
product name “nanoforest” is mixture of the word “nano”, means very small size, and“forest”, means natural forest. CNF is becoming popular as nano-material derives fromnature and has several special features such as light weight, high strength, high elasticity,and low linear thermal expansion. A lot of companies related with CNF from material
manufacturers to application users are now participating industrial CNF organization“Nano cellulose forum” and are collaborating for future application development.
Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd. have started commercial production of nanoforest at
our 1st commercial plant located in Sendai mill, Kagoshima Pref. on June 2017 to answer
market request.
This paper will report about production technique of nanoforest, it’s features, andapplication development situation.

Development of Chemically Modified CNF Reinforced Plastics
Daisuke Kuroki
CNF Business Promotion Department, SEIKO PMC Corporation
Cellulose nanofiber(CNF) is a renewable material obtained from inedible biomass, suchas wood and herbaceous plants, and has superior features such as light weight, highstrength, high elasticity, low thermal expansion, high specific surface area, and so on.
Therefore, extensive studies on CNF have been in progress in Japan and the othercountries. While CNF holds superior potentials mentioned above, it is difficult to obtain
homogeneous composites of CNF and hydrophobic resins due to CNF’s hydrophilic andwater absorbing characters. Chemical modifications on the surface is indispensable for
CNF to be widely used in many industrial applications. We have been developing somechemically modified CNFs based on our paper-making chemical technologies. Once treatedwith amphiphilic reagents having both cellulose-reactive group and hydrophobic group, thehydrophobicized CNF surface shows improved dispersibility in polyolefin matrix. The
obtained composites reveal various improvements in tensile strength, flexural strength,elastic modulus, and linear thermal expansion, to name a few.
In this article, we describe the main features of our chemically-modified CNF reinforced
plastics, ”STARCEL ”, and its applications to thermoplastic composites, foamed resins,
and rubber moldings.

Development of Efficient Production Systems for Forest Tree seedlings
Naoki Negishi , Katsuhiko Nakahama, Nobuyuki Urata, and Toshiaki Tanabe
Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co.,Ltd

Nippon paper Industries Co., Ltd. announce the commencement of an initiative todevelop a large scion plantation in a bid to facilitate the quick propagation andfull-scale production of cutting seedlings taken from specified mother trees of Japanesecedar to assist reforestation of the Company-owned forest in Kyushu. The Kyushu
region is known for its abundant forest resources and Japanese cedars are widely
chosen. The Company has taken 824 cutting seedlings from specified mother trees ofJapanese cedar, which were propagated using an exclusive technology, and planted
them on land in Hitoyoshi City, kumamoto Prefecture, which is owned by theCompany’s Yatsushiro Mill (Yatsushiro City, Kumamoto Prefecture). The scion
plantation will be extended gradually, aiming to develop a space for 14,000 cutting
seedlings by 2019. Test Plantation is due to start from next year with a view to
producing and shipping approximately 280,000 cutting seedlings per annum from 2023
and onwards.
The Development of Wind Power Business in the Location Adjacent to the Akita Mill
Takashi Sasama
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Amid the high expectation for renewable energy as measures against global
warming, its introduction has been rapidly advanced from a global perspective,
including a power-generating facility newly built in 2015 of which ratio of renewableenergy facilities exceeds 50％. Along with introduction of Feed-in Tariff (FIT) system,
ratio of renewable energy accounting for composition of power sources has increased
from 10％(2011) to 15％(2016) in Japan. When viewing its breakdown, introduction ofrenewable energy has been led by wind power overseas, whereas it has been advanced
mainly led by solar power domestically as shown by the fact that approximately 90％
of renewable energy introduced after start of the FIT system was solar power. In
addition, electricity generation cost by wind power and solar power has decreased
below 10 yen overseas, whereas in Japan purchase price for electricity generated bywind power and solar power based on FIT system is at a level less than 20 yen.
Between Japan and overseas, there are some differences we could find.
The wind power generation facility has commenced business operations as of thisJanuary in the location adjacent to the Company's Akita Mill. It is a first wind power
generation facility for Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
We introduce the latest wind turbines and facilities manufactured by General
Electric at one of the most suitable locations for wind power generation in Japan andthe power generation output is 7,485 kW (three units in total).

CFD technology for slot coating-Consideration the penetration of liquid into porous paperYousuke Ozeki,

Masaru Yasuhara

MPM CAE Center Co.,Ltd.
Coating is a significant basic technology in the field of chemical engineeringand in Japan, VOF(Volume Of Fluid) method has been frequently applied to thecoating industry to analyze free surface of the coating bead. This analysis
method can reproduce various coating defects such as air entrainment, ribbing,rivulet, chatter, non-uniformity of layer thickness near the coating edge, and soon. Furthermore, the operability window of coating, quantitative correlation

between coating conditions and state of coating defects, shows well similar
phenomena to the actual coating. Thus the coating analysis method can provide
the investigation of the cause of coating defects and the estimation of coating
defects under coating conditions without experience, and recently is available todesign the optimum coating condition mainly in the electronic materials
industry.
On the other hand, in the field of paper making industry, the fluid structureinteraction analysis method is applied to the analysis of blade coating, while
the penetration of coating material to base paper does not be taken into account.
However, on the analysis for printing process, penetration model has alreadyreproduced the behavior when liquid penetrates to porous paper, and the next
target is application of this model to the blade coating.
In this study, we advanced the consideration on the penetration of liquid into
porous paper material in slot coating process.

The History of Paperboard
Part 1: Paper Recycling Before 1800
Kiyoaki Iida
The paper industry developed the method of producing paperboard from waste paperin the late 1800s and doubled the market size of paper.

Its history is followed in thisseries.
Before the Industrial Revolution, paper was manufactured with huge amount oflabor and was very expensive.

After used as document, waste paper was further usedin different ways in different regions of the world.
Japan had a record in 886 saying that letters were recycled to sheets of paper onwhich sutra was written. It was very common since Heian period that reclaimed(waste) paper was recycled to sheets of paper which were used again for writing. Kyoto
and Edo were famous with that recycling business. Recycled papers were called
Usuzumi-gami (gray-colored sheet), Shikisi (colored sheet), and Syukus (old sheet).
Asakusa-gami (toilet paper) was also manufactured in Edo, Asakusa being one of its
district.
Europe, on the other hand, did not manufacture recycled paper. Waste paper wasconverted to paste board which was used mainly as book front covers. Its demandmight be balanced with the supply of waste paper. In China, it is reported that recycled
paper was used in the 1600s, though it seemed not to be so common. Waste paper
might be used for making many kinds of paper products.
Then, the Industrial Revolution changed social systems, and the USA, a newcomerin paper manufacturing, developed paperboard market and changed the way of using
waste paper.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

3

March 2019Vol. 73, No. 3

Process Control and Automation/IoT
2 General Review of 42nd Pulp and Paper Process Control Symposium……Process Control and Automation Committee，JAPAN TAPPI

14 Advanced IT to Support Production―Advanced Data Analysis，Applying IoT―……Yoshiaki Nakagawa

20 Remote Monitoring and Diagnosis Technology of Kawasaki Heavy Industries,“Techno Net”……Naoki Noguchi and So Kurosaka
26 Online Anomaly Prediction Detection System by AI Which Became Practical
Stage and Its Example……Daisaku Kimura and Motomi Kohata
33 Proposal to Make Full Use of Web Inspection System by IoT Technology……Hirotaka Ogino

39 Operation Optimization of Pulp Manufacturing……Akira Endo
44 Case Study of Latest Type Near Infrared Color Defect Detector……Kihachiro Bannno

48 Energy Saving by Introducing Energy Management System（EMS）……Takehiro Ogawa

51 Real–Time Performance Monitoring―Need for Powerfull Analytics Tool Enables Smart Operations and Cyber Security―……Sadao Ueno and Itaru Nakamori

57 Advancing The Intelligent Factory with AI and IoT……Hiromitsu Oikawa
60 IoX Solution to Evolve Manufacturing―Introduction of Safety Monitoring for Factory Workers and Predictive & Preventive
Maintenance Solutions―……Ai Yuasa

Topics & Information

66 The History of Paperboard

Part 2：The Birth of Paperboard……Kiyoaki Iida

Research Report（Original Paper）

75 Factors Affecting The Yield of Phenolic Monomers in an Oxygen–soda
Anthraquinone Cooking……Kengo Magara and Satoshi Kubo

03
93

Committee report
Papyrus

99
104
106
115
116
118

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2019 March JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.3

Abstracts

Advanced IT to support production―Advanced data Analysis, Applying IoT―
Yoshiaki Nakagawa
Nippon Steel & Sumitomometal Corporation
We adopted the online system that runs 24 hours 365 days in 1968 ahead of otherindustries in Japan. The system made production high efficiency. Since then, we havebeen adopted supply chain management systems and production management
systems at our company depending on the advancement of the computer. We haveworked on improving the efficiency of manufacturing and sales.
In the 2010s, because ability of the computer also dramatically increases, computercan process a large amount of data, and gather large amounts of data from mobile
units at low cost, which was difficult in the past. So, Machine-Learning called one of
the big data analysis, and third generation artificial intelligence entered the practicalstage.
In this paper, we introduce examples of application of these advanced IT in ourcompany.

Remote Monitoring and Diagnosis Technology of Kawasaki Heavy Industries,“Techno Net”
Naoki Noguchi , So Kurosaka
Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.
Kawasaki Heavy Industries provides a variety of products including trains,
motorcycles, ships, aircraft parts, helicopters, industrial robots, hydraulic equipment
and power plant. As one of these products, we have gas turbine co-generation power
plant that is equipped with various control instrumentation systems. In this paper, we
will introduce the remote control and monitoring technology that we take an active
interest in. We call this system “Techno Net”.

Online anomaly prediction detection system by AI which became practical stage and its
exampleDaisaku Kimura , Motomi Kohata
Azbil Corporation,Advanced Automation Company
Over the past few years, the idea of revolutionizing various activities in the world byusing state-of-the-art ICT such as IoT, BigData, AI is becoming a big trend. This trend
also spreads to various industries, and the value creation in each area of QCDES(quality, cost, distribution, environment, safety) has started.
We introduce the outline of " online anomaly prediction detection system " which is
becoming the beginning of utilization of AI in industry.

Proposal to Make Full Use of Web Inspection System by IoT Technology
Hirotaka Ogino
Inspection Systems Business Div. OMRON Corporation
Manufacturers are seeking high-value-added monozukuri, high quality, and stable production.
They are also demanded of effort for global competition and new technology evolution.
The new technology evolution as IoT, robotics, AI, etc. started in current environment for
manufacturers. We can see these movements in Industrie 4.0 in Germany or Industrial Internet
Consortium in the USA.
Manufacturers involved in big changes to handle diversified requirements by small-volume
production, to pursue the sophistication of monozukuri by factory management evolution using
huge amount data, to have stability global production framework by multipolarized production
bases, to have automated production caused by a shortage of skilled person or rising labor costs.
Therefore utilization of latest technology is more important to correspond to monozukuri
evolution and to meet market needs changes. In this report, we will introduce Omron i-Automation
concept and application in sheet inspection system.

Operation optimization of pulp manufacturing
Akira Endo
Solution Business Division, Yokogawa Solution Bervice Corporation
With the development of IIoT (Industrial IoT) technology in recent years, Yokogawa
Solution Service Corporation began to develop services that utilize this technology forplant operations at paper mills and provide advanced operation support. In order toprevent obsolete model of model predictive control due toaged deterioration which

was difficult in the past, utilizing the co-creation space based on the Internet andutilizing the method of tuning the model from plant data in a short time, quality
stability by optimum control and we realized "optimal operation support service" thatcan maintain cost reduction effect.
In this paper, we describe its modeling technology, tuning method using IIoT, andthe result share contract to maintain its cycle. In the future, we will promote theoverall optimization of the paper mill including optimization of other processes, andfurther consider adapting to other industries, so it will be popularized as a case at the
manufacturing plant through the use of IIoT we are aiming to go.

Case Study of Latest Type Near Infrared Color Defect Detector
Kihachiro Bannno
Daio Engineering Corporation
The defect detection device of Marubishi Paper Tech Co., Ltd. was updated toOmron's latest type Near Infrared Color Defect Detector.
Since the conventional defect inspection device was a combined reflection andtransmission method, it was necessary to adjust the balance between the amount ofreflected light and the amount of transmitted light for each product type.
Therefore, by adopting the color reflection / NIR transmission independent system,
there is no interference of light, adjustment of light quantity becomes easy, and highly
accurate inspection can be performed stably.
This makes it possible to detect minute foreign substances, etc., and is useful for
improving the quality of products.

Energy saving by introducing energy management system (EMS)
Takehiro Ogawa
Shin Tokai Paper Co., Ltd.
Pulp and paper is the industry which consumes significant amount of energy, ranks with iron andsteel, chemical, cement and oil refining. Shimada mill of Shin Tokai Paper Co., Ltd. purchases
electrical power beside self-generation to satisfy the large electrical demand in production.
Therefore, energy efficiency improvement has been one important agenda aims reducing
environmental burden and production cost reduction. Based on this background, in a project of
biomass boiler construction, we have introduced Energy Management System (hereafter EMS) of
Azbil Corporation for existing utility plant (boilers and turbines).

Multi-variables, model-predictive control SORTiA-MPC of the EMS executes optimization
control for the utility plant, and operation with maximized power generation has beenaccomplished while input energy is same and operation constraints such as steam and power
demands are satisfied. This report introduces the EMS which realized the energy efficiency
improvement and operation cost reduction.

Real-Time performance monitoring―Need for Powerfull Analytics Tool Enables Smart Operations and Cyber Security―
Sadao Ueno, Itaru Nakamori
Honeywell Japan LTD Honeywell Process Solutions
Modern process control systems are designed and instrumented with the goal to control theprocess, but do not necessarily give all the information required to efficiently and effectively run
the process, equipment and business from a performance and reliability standpoint. With anaccurate measurement of process performance continuously compared with a proven benchmark,personnel can better operate their plants and ensure production has been fully optimized. Industrial
facilities also need timely notifications to take the right proactive actions, which minimize
degradation, poor performance and secondary damage to equipment to ensure lower costs,
increased throughput and higher profits.
“Industrial” cyber-attacks against industrial facilities such as electricity, gas, pulp and paper, oil,chemical products as well are on the rise. Recently, as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has
been focused on control system’s cyber security countermeasures and strengthening of the
defensive power have also been taken as urgent problems.
This paper explains the necessity of the powerful analytics tool for industrial operations andindustrial” cyber security of the control systems.

Advancing the intelligent factory with AI and IoT
Hiromitsu Oikawa
Head of AI&IoT Offering planning Department, Fujitsu Co., Ltd.
The environment surrounding the manufacturing industry, including Industry 4.0,
is constantly evolving.

In order to realize further improvement and efficiency, newtechnology such as AI and IoT has been drawing attention.However, how to utilize AI
and IoT is an issue at the manufacturing site. This time, I will introduce the latest
case studies on smart manufacturing.

IoX solution to evolve manufacturing―Introduction of Safety monitoring for factory workers and Predictive & preventive
maintenance solutions―
Ai Yuasa
IoX Solution Business Promotion Department, NS Solutions Corporation
In this paper I introduce the IoX solution which is the concept of NS Solutions. The
IoX solution aims to provide solutions to both Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet of
Humans (IoH).
In the IoH solution, Safety monitoring system for factory workers, and the IoH
solution, predictive & preventive maintenance solutions. Both systems are cases ourcustomers use it as a production system.

The History of Paperboard
Part 2: The Birth of Paperboard

Kiyoaki Iida

After the industrial revolution, countries such as the UK and the USA increased
their productivity at a high rate per year which was 3-4 times as much as that in theprecedent era, extended rail way networks and expanded mobile area of goods, andaccomplished the social paradigm shift. In the 20th century, the USA created thesociety of mass production and consumption, for which marketing and .distribution of
goods were essential. The paper industry helped to develop carton boxes and wrapping
paper for the former and corrugated containers for the latter.
As the market of carton boxes grew in the 1800s, the paperboard made of straw pulp
and sheeted with cylinder machines was developed and continued to be produced in
the 1900s. Newly invented carton converters, fancy image printing by lithography andmodernized railway networks further enlarged the market. The volume of publications
by printing also grew year by year and old printed paper was reclaimed as a newsource of recycling.

Then, in about 1920, the urban paper mills appeared and became

popular, making paperboard with multi-vat cylinder machines, using reclaimed oldprinted paper.
Corrugated containers began to be used in replacement to wooden boxes around1900. The early liner was made of straw and jute pulp, called jute liner. Then, mills in
the US south took over the market by inventing kraft liner, which was less weighty
and was made of kraft pulp from pine that was abundant in the south, sheeted with
Fourdriner machines with some modifications. Corrugated containers are accepted inthe world, though Japan and Europe make their liner with waste paper as its main
resource.
In the next issue, the history of paperboard production in Japan will be reviewed.

Factors affecting the yield of phenolic monomers in an oxygen-soda anthraquinone cooking
Kengo Magara, Satoshi Kubo
Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute of
the Forestry Research and Management Organization
The process of lignin oxidation by oxygen gas or other oxidative catalysts to produce
phenolic monomers, such as vanillin, has become important in the development of new
methods for producing polymers from renewable resources. It was found thatoxygen-soda anthraquinone (AQ) cooking produces a phenolic monomer yield of over
17%, including vanillin, under higher liquid/solid ratios. Higher liquid/solid ratios
always achieved a higher yield than under lower ratios. This was thought to be due tothe condensation reaction which progresses under low liquid/solid ratios, as there wasa higher concentration of eluted lignin in the black liquor compared to high liquid/solid
ratios. However, there was no evidence to verify this assumption from the averagemolecular weight measurements of the black liquor. On the other hand, there was apositive correlation between the phenolic monomer yield and NaOH consumption
during cooking. Therefore, NaOH consumption is considered to be important forincreasing the phenolic monomer yield in oxygen-soda AQ cooking.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

4

April 2019Vol. 73, No. 4

Welcoming New Emploees
1 Development of Black Liquor Viscosity Control Chemical……Kaori Fujitsuki and Akira Yamakawa

5 Retention Control Key Tool in Improving Papermaking Efficiency……Timo Rantala，Lasse Kauppinen，Jukka Nokelainen and Kenichi Ishihara

12 New Proposal for Improvement of Fixability of Internal Agent by “AXISZ
System”……Yohei Miyoshi，Koichi Tadaki，Kazutaka Kasuga and Miho Kato
18 Separation of Wood Constituents by Soda–AQ Cooking for Chemicals……Shiho Tsuji

23 Why It is Important to Measure Charge in The Paper Making Process―A Presentation of State of The Art for Laboratory and Online Charge Measurement―……Daniel Ohndorf and Hiroyuki Miyaoka

28 Solution for Existing Wastewater Treatment……Akira Imaizumi
32 High Brightness Mechanical Pulp from Eucalyptus Planted Trees……Takanori Miyanishi

Topics & Information

38 Report on the Results of the Fiscal 2018 Follow–up Survey on “JPA’s Commited
Action Plan for a Low carbon Society” and Related Information on Measuresagainst Global Warming in the Japanese Paper Industry……Yasuharu Sakina
56 The History of Paperboard
Part 3：Paperboard Production in Japan……Kiyoaki Iida

Introduction of Research Laboratories
（128）

64

Area of Polymeric Materials Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University

Research Report（Original Paper）

68

Analysis of Gloss Constancy in Light Source Size Change……Shinichi Inoue，Masanori Maki，Shoji Yamamoto and Norimichi Tsumura

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（77）83Kawanoe Mill, Marusumi Paper Co., Ltd.

03
66
67
88

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

92
96
104
105
107

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2019 April JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.4

Abstracts

Development of black liquor viscosity control chemical
Kaori Fujitsuki
KATAYAMA CHEMICAL,INC.
Akira Yamakawa
KATAYAMA NALCO INC.
In the craft pulp manufacturing process, 7-10t the black liquor is generated formaking 1t of pulp. Generally, the black liquor is concentrated about 75 % under the hot
vacuum in concentrating process and burned in recovery boiler for combustion energy
with inorganic pulping chemicals. Higher concentrated black liquor is improved
recovery efficiency for energy. However, over 75% concentrated of the black liquor
makes trouble for handlingIn this report describe the results of our research about the chemical reducing theviscosity (fluidity) of the black concentrated liquor. The viscosity of the 80%
concentrated black liquor which is treated by this chemical could be handle like 75%.
New formulation chemical has founder to control viscosity of black liquor.

Retention Control Key Tool in Improving Papermaking Efficiency
Timo Rantala, Lasse Kauppinen and Jukka Nokelainen
Valmet Automation Inc.
Kenichi Ishihara
Valmet K.K.
Paper and board makers face a host of demands: how to make a stable, uniform
product at the desired quality level at minimum costs. To make this happen meansincreasing efficiency, agility and flexibility in production. This is a real challenge while
using mixed low cost raw materials, including recycled fibers that contain unknown
amounts of disturbance materials. The ultimate target is minimized downtime, off
spec production and sheet breaks at the highest possible machine speed. One
cornerstone of high production efficiency is a stable wet end.
First pass retention – more precisely, the stability of white water consistency – is asensitive indicator of wet end stability. White water consistency variation bears a
direct relation to variation in end product quality (basis weight, moisture, ash) and to
the number of sheet breaks. Furthermore, the level of white water consistency isconnected to formation, machine cleanliness, retention chemical needs, etc. Stableretention and correct use of wet end chemicals can be achieved with automatic controls
based on reliable wet end measurements. This article presents practical issues forachieving stable retention and gaining multiple benefits.

New Proposal for Improvement of Fixability of Internal Agent by "AXISZ System"
Yohei Miyoshi, Koichi Tadaki, Kazutaka Kasuga, and Miho Kato
Technical Div. Technical Dept., SOMAR Corporation
In 2017 JAPAN TAPPI Annual Meeting, We introduced a new type retention aid
which we developed using “Reactive Polymer Technology”. Now, this retention aid
comes to be used in some kinds of paper mills. Recently, performance of wet-end agentshas started to decrease because quality of waste paper pulp has deteriorated.
Therefore, dosage of sizing agent and paper strength agent tend to increase. We havedeveloped high performance retention aid “REALIZER R Series” and high performance
coagulant “REALIZER A Series” which enable these internal agents to attach to pulp
fiber by introducing special monomer and “Reactive Polymer Technology”. “Reactive
Polymer” can lower machine stain and paper defect by increasing fixability of internal
paper strength agents and sizing agents. Many paper mills reduce dosage of retention
aid because of agent cost. However, dosing some amount of reactive polymer canenhance the retention of these internal agents, so that total agent cost becomes lower.
Increasing dosage of traditional retention aid can improve one-pass retention and ash
retention but dosage of internal agents do not decrease in many cases. This suggeststhat these existing retention aids can not improve fixability of sizing agents and paper
strength agents.
In this paper, we report that “REALIZER R Series” and “REALIZER A Series”
which has special monomer and “Reactive polymer technology” are different fromtraditional retention aid and that these new agents show good performance in some
paper machine and board machine even if papermaking condition is tough. For
example, Cationic retention aid “REALIZER R230” which has new special monomers
improves retention of sizing agents in coated paper machine and high-quality paper
machine. Furthermore, we have developed new type coagulant “REALIZER A3700”
which has two kinds of special monomers. It has been disappeared that these special
monomers can enhance the retention of sizing agents and paper strength agents inboard machine. “REALIZER R240” which is developed with “Reactive Polymer
Technology” can bind to pulp fiber if retention aid is partially broken by the shear of
inside system. This retention aid is capable of increasing the one-pass retention andash retention and improving the formation of paper if relatively large amount ofretention aid is dosed.

Separation of wood constituents by soda-AQ cooking for chemicals
Shiho Tsuji
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd
Nippon paper Industries takes part in the NEDO project “Technology development of
Manufacturing Process for Non-edible Plant-derived Chemicals/ Development of an
Integrated Process for Manufacturing Chemicals from Woody Biomass”. In that, weare developing a technology for separating major wood constituents based on thesulfur-free soda-AQ cooking. Although we investigated the autohydrolysis, a method
for extracting hemicellulose prior to cooking, it made lignin higher molecular weight
and unsuitable for chemical use. Therefore, we chose a process simply separating wood
into black liquor and pulp by the cooking. In case of the hardwood, xylan, the chief
component of hemicellulose, can be separated from lignin that preliminarily preparedfrom black liquor.
The project plans to construct the integrated process at kg-scale and evaluate
economic efficiency during last two years (2018-2019). We have developed a kg-scale
system for separating wood component. As for lignin, we introduced “portablelignoboost skid” (Valmet), a bench-scale lignin manufacturing equipment. Therefore
we started to provide pulp and lignin samples at kg-scale to chemicals companies.

Why it is important to measure charge in the paper making process―a presentation of state of the art for laboratory and online charge measurement―
Daniel Ohndorf
emtec electronic sales department
Hiroyuki Miyaoka
Sanyo Trading Co., Ltd.
In the pulp suspension of the paper making process there are fibers, fillers, fines andanionic trash particles. Anionic trash describes a wide range of anionic dissolved
polymeric and colloidal substances. Ex. Dissolved Electrolytes, Suspended fibers,
suspended fiber fines ant etc...
Most colloidal or filler particles and fiber surfaces are covered with a negative or
positive charge cloud on the surface. Negative and positive charged particles attract
each other. Particles with the same charge repel each other.
In the wet-end part of the paper making process, a variety of process chemicals andadditives are added.
Additive: Stay in the final product to optimize or to improve the product properties, ex.
Sizing agents
Process Chemicals: Control and optimize the paper making process, improvement ofwaste water and waste air treatment. Do not stay in the final product, ex. Fixing agent
The charge of pulp fibers is anionic while also the charge of trash particles is usuallynegative, i.e. anionic. Process chemicals, which are used to influence the quality of thefinished product, and additives are mainly positively charged (cationic).
The knowledge of the charge of the chemicals, the anionic trash and the fibers enables
a correct and effective dosage of charged chemical additives. Now it is obvious thatthese amounts of charges, especially the charge of the anionic trash – but also the fiber
charge itself – have to be measured in some way in order to take necessary action withregards to chemical dosing.
We introduce two very useful and state-of-the art laboratory tools for this purpose:
The CAS touch! – Charge Analyzing System as well as the FPA touch! – Fiber Zeta
Potential Analyzer.
With help of these devices, it is possible to get information about the amount of anionictrash in the pulp suspension as well as about the zeta potential of fibers (fiber surface
charge).

Solution for existing wastewater treatment
Akira Imaizumi
EPC Department,VEOLIA JENETS K.K.
UNOX system which is wastewater treatment using oxygen gas the system has
many references for Pulp and paper mills.（More than 150 units in Japan andSoutheast Asia area).Sometimes existing facilities are requested that the capacity of
the wastewater treatment be increased by changing the upstream process after the
introduction of the UNOX system. Therefore we will introduce examples of capacity
adding by combining with existing water treatment facilities. In addition, although theoxygen generator(PSA/VPSA) is added to the UNOX system, and then sometimes the
PSA/VPSA also may have cases where the making capacity declines compared to thetime when the capacity was first installed PSA/VPSA that have been in operation for
more than 20～ 30 years since its introduction, therefore we will also introduce
examples of energy saving effects by updating them to the latest version of VPSA. Plus,
we will also introduce examples which making capacity recovery was expected byreplacing a part of adsorbents. Our company's predecessor Showa Kankyo System(Showa Engineering) have become the Veolia Group, we can introduce technologies
possessed by Veolia, in addition to our own wastewater treatment technology. Finally,
we will introduce the bio carrier that Veolia possesses. The carrier can be easily
utilized for improvement the capacity of existing wastewater treatment facility.

High Brightness Mechanical Pulp from Eucalyptus Planted Trees
Takanori MiyanishiJAPAN TAPPIThe mechanical pulp yield is about 85 to 95% of the original wood, compared witharound 45 to 55% for chemical pulp. Hardwood mechanical pulp has the desirable
properties of low cost, high opacity and good printing quality due to its high bulk, highsmoothness, resiliency, and good ink absorption. Hardwood mechanical pulp tends tohave shorter fibers, higher light-scattering coefficient and lower strength value.
Eucalyptus plantation tree is a common tropical hardwood species and is used for the
production of lower yield chemical pulps such as kraft pulps. It is believed howeverthat Eucalyptus mechanical pulp is not suitable for the production of graphical paper
grades because of its low initial brightness and limited bleachability. Alkaline peroxidemechanical pulping (APMP) and thermomechanical pulping (APTMP) use caustic soda,hydrogen peroxide, and stabilizers to soften and brighten wood chips prior to refining
in a disc refiner. The chip pretreatment facility employs a screw feeder device to apply
mechanical compression on wood chips and squeezes out the detrimental substances
for bleaching. It also partially destroys wood structures allowing for easier fiber
separation and reduces refining energy.

In our study, APMP and APTMP wereapplied to Eucalyptus-globulus planted trees by pilot plant tests and significant
benefits were obtained to improve bleachability. Brightness of Eucalyptus APMP
reached 87% ISO brightness that surpassed 80% ISO brightness of aspen APMP.

Report on the Results of the Fiscal 2018 Follow-up Survey on” JPA’s Commited Action Plan
for a Low carbon Society” and Related Information on Measures against Global Warming in
the Japanese Paper Industry
Yasuharu Sakina
Japan Paper Association
The Japan Paper Association (JPA) established its “Voluntary Action Plan on
Environment” in 1997, in response to The Japan Business Federation‘s call to theJapanese business community to organize “The Voluntary Action Plan on
Environment”. Since then, JPA has carried out a follow-up survey and published theresults every year.
As the Voluntary Action Plan finished in fiscal 2012, JPA newly started “the Action
Plans towards a Low Carbon Society” and has been actively addressing global
warming prevention in order to achieve the following targets set in the plan:Compared to BAU scenario(based on specific CO2

emission rate of 2005),

reduce fossil energy-derived CO2 emissions by 1.39 million tons by fiscal 2020 .
In view of securing forest resources and increasing forest carbon sink, expand
forest plantation areas owned or managed by the paper industry at home andabroad to 700 thousand hectares by fiscal 2020.

According to the results of the fiscal 2018 follow-up survey (actual results for fiscal
2017), fossil-energy derived CO2 emissions in fiscal 2017 was 17.85 million tons, a
28.4% reduction compared to the fiscal 2005(24.95 million tons).This is attributed toeach manufacturer’s active efforts including energy saving and energy conversion fromfossil energy to non-fossil energy such as biomass energy.
In addition to the results of the follow-up survey, this report introduces the current
energy situation in the Japanese paper industry, outline of the next phase of JPA’s
Action Plan for Low-Carbon Society spanning the ten-year period from fiscal 2021
through 2030 and the latest information of countermeasures against global warming.

The History of Paperboard
Part 3: Paperboard Production in Japan
Kiyoaki Iida
With the start of the Meiji ear, the social systems of western countries were imported
in to Japan, and industries supporting the systems were born. The paper industry was
one of them and tried to produce printing paper for letter press printing andpaperboard for paper cartons that would help the distribution of goods.
As the market of carton grew to about 4000 tons in 1886, using imported paperboard,a Fourdrinr machine which was of the modern specifications of that time was imported
and installed to supply paperboard domestically, using rice straw pulp. As the market
was promising and rice straw was abundant in Japan, entrepreneurs in local districts
got in to the business. Starting from Tokyo, Osaka and Shizuoka, the business spreadto Okayama, Niigata, Hokuriku, Gunma, Saga and so on, as a typical local industry,and became a boom in the 1930s. Domestic machine builders, which were alreadycapable enough, delivered numbers of cylinder machines. The shift of pulp from straw
to waste paper is supposed to have begun after 1930.
Corrugated containers started to be served in the 1930s, though it could not be amajor player before the World War II.
The statistics for paperboard production were available since 1914, and its share in
the total paper and paperboard production remained about 30-40%, and is now about
40%.

Analysis of Gloss Constancy in Light Source Size Change
Shinichi Inoue
Process Development Laboratory, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited
Masanori Maki
Graduate School of Advanced Integration Science, Chiba University
Shoji Yamamoto
Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology
Norimichi Tsumura
Graduate School of Advanced Integration Science, Chiba University
Appearance is observed as the results of association among various physical factors.
For example, the color appearance is well known. We have an ability to estimate theprimary color of object through an adaptation, even if only the light source color ischanged. It is called as color constancy which is remarkable ability of human eyes.
Likewise, here, we define gloss constancy as a human ability to estimate the original
gloss of an object even if the light source is changed. In this paper, we verified theinfluence in gloss and material constancy under the artificial environment by changing
the size of light source. We performed two type observations in subjective evaluation,
one is the gloss appearance which is mainly observed by the distribution of specularreflection, and the other is the material appearance which is mainly observed by all
distribution of specular and diffuse reflection influenced roughness as wholeappearance of object. We prepared two kinds of printed paper object which hasdifferent roughness, and four kinds of light image generated by LCD projector. A
paired comparative experiment was performed under different light source with realprinted paper object. The present result about difference in gloss appearance
suggested that sharpness of the gloss appearance is affected by the size of light source.
Apparently, perception of gloss is decreased as the size of light sources increase. The
other evaluation was performed by observing the difference of material appearance. It
is suggested that constancy of gloss appearance only appears when we observe
material property such as roughness and contrast as whole appearance of object. We
find the effect of material constancy. However, we hardly find the effect of gloss
constancy. Gloss appearance evaluation is affected in the size of the illumination. In
the pulp & paper industry, it is suggested that the lighting condition is important toevaluate the paper gloss appearance subjectively.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

5

May 2019

Vol. 73, No. 5

Household Paper
1 KAWANOE/Valmet Tissue Machine Lineup and the Latest Technology……Masamichi Sugi

5 How to Improve Tissue Making―Effect and Solution of Cellulose Fiber on Coating the Shell―……Ryo Inamatsu

10 Advanced Technical Approach to Tissue Machine―Visualization of Coating Chemical on Yankee―……Takuya Maekawa

17 Latest Technology of Creping Control Agent……Masashi Sano
Topics & Information

21 CleanLine―The Complete Fabric Cleaning……Yukio Gyonouchi
26 Axial Movement Compatible Type Mechanical Seal for Refiner……Takahiro Hayashi

30 High Temperature Erosive Wear Resistance of Overlay Welding Metal in		 Various Boiler Furnace Wall……Ayumu Sakaguchi，Yoichi Shiraishi and Kazumichi Shimizu

34 Oil Analysis―What It Reveals and What It Offers―Managing Equipment through Diagnosis of the Lubrication Oil―……Kentaro Ootsuka and Eiji Suzuki

39 The History of Paperboard

Part 4：The Current Use of Waste Paper in Paperboard Production and the Summary of theSeries……Kiyoaki Iida

43 Reports on Ozone Bleaching in Vietnam’s Pulp and Paper Industry……Takanori Miyanishi

49 Research Projects of Universities and Government Research Institutes……Wood Science Committee，JAPAN TAPPI

Research Report（Original Paper）

57 Evaluation of Cellulose Nanofibers by Using Sedimentation Method
		 ……Akio Kumagai，Takashi Endo and Maki Adachi
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（78）74Sendai Mill，Chuetsu Pulp ＆ Paper Co.，Ltd.

03
56
79

Committee report
Coffee break
Papyrus

89
94
106
107
109

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2019 May JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.5

Abstracts

KAWANOE/Valmet tissue machine lineup and the latest technology
Masamichi Sugi
Design Dept,KAWANOE ZOKI Co.,Ltd.
Kawanoe BestFormer, a household tissue machine for tissue, toilet paper and towels,
started to install in Japan as well as Asia since 1974. Now the machines have been
installed more than 200 units. There are wide varieties of product lineups such as
BF-1000 of the machine speed at 1000m/min, BF-1200TW that can produce both at dry
and wet crape and so on. This time we would like to introduce BestFormer lineups
along with the latest energy saving technology that can meet the customer’s needs,
production volumes and use applications. Also, we offer DCT CrescentFormer under
the license agreement with Valmet and ViscoNip, the latest press technology, will also
be introduced.
How to Improve Tissue Making-Effect and solution of cellulose fiber on coating the shellRyo Inamatsu
Application Development Section, Maintech Co., Ltd. Fuji Technology Development Center
Improving production and sheet quality have been one of the top priorities for tissue
manufacturers. As press felt deposits due to recycled paper causes sheet web
moisture profile uneven and dropped fiber, coating on Yankee dryer tends to beunstable and over hardening, which also leads to sheet spot and chattering mark on
the dryer surface. Many kinds of Creping control agents especially polymer based
coating agents and release agents have been used to solve the problems, however they
have not succeeded in forming stable coating the shell under the recycled furnish
condition.
Maintech has developed innovative creping control agents which protect coating theshell from the uneven moisture of the sheet web and over hardening.
This report describes the concept and mechanism of new creping control agents and its
field testing cases in which new creping control agents has been able to improve
productivity and sheet quality.
Advanced technical approach to Tissue machine-Visualization of coating chemical on YankeeTakuya Maekawa
Spectris Japan Co. LTD., BTG Div.
BTG is a technical company who has been innovating and providing a
High-Performance Creping blade (Duroblade) to tissue mills in the world, which can
improve tissue paper quality and productivity by implementing less blade change andbetter softness than the conventional steel creping blade. Under BTG policy of “Yankee
Safety”, BTG have innovated a unique CBC holder system also which can reduce riskof Yankee damage and the frequency of Yankee re-grinding period.
Coating chemical on Yankee is the most important factor making impact on tissue
quality and protecting Yankee surface, but there is no way established to measure andcheck this coating chemical condition on Yankee directly yet. If the coating chemical
would be hard or soft, thick or thin, this determination is made through operator’s
experiences and intuitions which is difficult to be equitized.
The latest BTG system innovated -Vigilance- can monitor the coating chemical on

Yankee by checking a specific vibration on Yankee blade holder. Vigilance is not just a
vibration monitoring system but a system that can analyze a cause of the source forvibration analyzing a filtered vibration band. Applying Vigilance on tissue machine
makes coating chemical condition in visualized and lead to optimize tissue machine
operation.
Latest Technology of Creping Control Agent
Masashi Sano
Specialty Chemical Divi. Riken Green Co., Ltd.
Tissue and towel (T&T) paper mills in Japan are required to be more competitive
because low-priced paper imported to Japan is increasing and cost of raw materials
and fuel are going up. Steel Yankee dryer is installed in many T&T paper machines inoverseas to improve production efficiency because heat conductivity of steel is better
than that of cast iron. Shoe-press is installed in many T&T paper machines as well andthis new technology is started to introduce in Japan. Shoe-press enables to bring lesswater into Yankee dryer, therefore edge deposit of Yankee surface, which is a common
issue of the dryer, occurs more often than before. The edge deposit might cause chatter
mark, damage of dryer surface, sheet break or quality loss of paper, and it becomes oneof issues of T&T machine with shoe-press. Conventional release and coating products
could not fully control the edge deposit, therefore Solenis, who is the leading companyof chemical products for paper mills in the world and their products have been
distributing in Japan by Rikengreen exclusively, developed new products to solve thisproblem. The edge deposit issue of Yankee dryer could be improved by using newrelease and coating products of Solenis, and the interval of doctor blade exchange could
be extended and stable high quality paper production could be achieved.
CleanLine – The Complete Fabric Cleaning
Yukio Gyonouchi
Voith IHI Paper Technology
Maintaining fabric performance is essential in order to achieve targets ofproductivity, paper quality, cost and safety on the paper machine. However, fabrics inthe forming, press and dryer behave like filters to trap and hold contamination.
Traditional methods of cleaning fabrics often cause negative side effects such as having
to use corrosive and hazardous chemicals, barrier coatings attaching to fabrics andsheet property variations caused by high pressure showers. Also, today’s furnish
introduces increasing amounts of contaminants while outdated efforts to clean fabrics
simply shift the contamination to the next sections, affecting the runnability of thepaper machine.
New traversing cleaning systems have been developed in cooperation between paper
mills, fabric designers and high pressure water technologists. These solutions are now
running successfully on some of the most demanding applications. In forming, theconcentration of water jets can greatly reduce the number of wet end breaks, reducewaves in the sheet and minimize spray and mist. Improved cleaning systems for press
fabrics can reduce moisture variation and lower the amount and frequency of the useof cleaning chemicals while improving machine runnability. A unique cleaning headcan be matched to the surface and structure of dryer fabrics to remove morecontamination.
These developments in cleaning technology, using a complete concept throughout the
paper machine, bring benefits in servicing, availability of the equipment and theperformance of paper machine fabrics.
Axial movement compatible type mechanical seal for Refiner
Takahiro Hayashi
Engineering Dept. John Crane Japan, Inc.

Application of the mechanical seal has been progressing for sealing system of rotating
equipment in the pulp and paper industry. The applications of the mechanical seal
were limited to such as pumps and screens for black liquor and coating collar services.
In recent years, it is progressed for agitators which has large axial runout andvibration.
However it is remained the gland packings for refiner, because of large shaft
movement.
In order to reduce energy consumption and maintenance costs and to provide safety
and stability for the daily operation, John Crane would like to introduce themechanical seal that has capability of large axial shaft movement for refiners.
High temperature erosive wear resistance of overlay welding metal in various boiler furnacewall
Ayumu Sakaguchi ,Yoichi Shiraishi
Welding Alloys Japan LTD. Engineering Department
Kazumichi Shimizu
Muroran Institute of Technology
In the circulating fluidized bed boiler, erosion wear is remarkable as compared withother boilers due to silica sand which is a combustion medium in the furnace.
Therefore, in the past, at our company, high temperature blasting test was adopted toevaluate high temperature corrosion abrasion resistance of various overlay welding
metals as a countermeasure against erosive wear in CFB boiler under hightemperature environment.
In this study, high-temperature blasting tests were conducted on new overlay
welding metals of Ni and Fe based, which are not widely adopted in domestic
applications other than boiler applications, and high temperature erosive resistancewear characteristics were investigated.
As a result of this test, it was suggested that the overlay welding metals tested thistime compared with Inconel 625 has a wear rate of 18 to 27% lower, which is possibly
excellent in erosive resistance under high temperature environment.
In the future, in order to simulate a boiler actual machine, in addition to hightemperature erosion, we are looking for ways to evaluate the resistance to theenvironment such as chlorination and sulfurization and think that it is necessary to
select the optimum welding metals according to the operating environment of eachboiler.
Oil Analysis – what it reveals and what it offers-Managing Equipment through Diagnosis of the lubrication oilKentaro Ootsuka
JAPAN ANALYST CO.,LTD
Eiji Suzuki
JSD Ltd
Many industries, including paper manufacturing, have machinery equipment
which use lubrication oil in order to protect the equipment from wear. The lubricationoil, however, can also wear and cause malfunction in the machinery. Lubrication oil
acts like blood in the human body system, circulating within the machinery equipment
and maintaining it while collecting information that shows the condition of themachinery. Management of the equipment can be hugely enhanced by oil analysis
which includes monitoring viscosity, oxidation, water level, and particle number andweight. This analysis allows operators to take necessary measures to protect theequipment, such as fitting it with a high-quality oil filter. In many companies it is thenorm to use equipment until it requires partial or whole replacement, but oil analysis
can give a clear picture of what is happening to the machinery, and help companies
take measures to ensure clean oil, which can prolong the life of their machinery
equipment. This will lead to better productivity and overall long-term economic
benefit to the company.

The History of Paperboard
Part 4: The Current Use of Waste Paper in Paperboard Production and the Summary of theSeriesKiyoaki Iida
In Japan, by the data of 2017, 67 % of recovered paper was used for paperboard
production, and paperboard used recovered paper at the utilization rate of 93.8 %.
Even kraft liner, needless to say of jute liner and corrugated medium, is produced with
OCC as its main furnish. Wrapping paper, on the other hand, used recovered paper
at the rate of less than 10%.
In Europe, by the data of 2015, 68% of recovered paper was used to produce
paperboard and its utilization rate of recovered paper was 74%. Its case materials,
equivalent to paperboard for corrugated container in Japan, used recovered paper at
the rate of 71%. Its trend is similar to that in Japan, though the utilization rate isless than that of Japan.
USA is different from the above two. By the data of 2015, only 45 % of its recovered
paper was used for paperboard production, and 40 % was exported to China. The
utilization rate in paperboard production was estimated to be 27%, which is quite
small compared to Japan and Europe. USA makes most of kraft liner with virgin kraft
pulp.
Finally, this series is summarized.
Reports on Ozone Bleaching in Vietnam’s Pulp and Paper Industry
Takanori MiyanishiJAPAN TAPPIOne of the smaller Asian countries that has done well in recent years is Vietnam.
Indeed, the country’s paper and paperboard consumption are showing relatively stable
increases of over 15% per annum. Since Vietnam is quite dependent on imports at the
moment, it will have to invest in to ensure that it has the quality and quantity ofdomestic paper production required to stop the market from being taken over byoverseas producers as its markets develop.
Among the other challenges currently facing Vietnam’s pulp and paper industry,
the treatment of colored effluent discharged from pulp mills and the shift fromconventional bleaching to Elementary Chlorine Free (ECF) bleaching are drawing
attention. Ozone has a powerful oxidation potential to react with any type of lignin
compounds and can thoroughly replace chlorine gas in bleaching pulps to highbrightness. Effluent is non-toxic, colorless and does not cause any environment
problems. Approximately 50% of new ozone bleaching equipment installed during theyear of 2000-2013 in the world is successfully operated by Japanese paper companies.
Upon the request of Vietnam Pulp and Paper Association (VPPA), I was invited togive a lecture at Hanoi in Vietnam and share my experiences in ozone bleaching with
scientists and engineers of pulp and paper companies, university students andlecturers. The technical seminar was fruitful, and many questions were raised fromthe audience. The following day, we visited An Hoa Pulp and Paper Factory. It is a newpaper mill committed to producing and supplying high quality pulp and paper
products including calcium carbonate coated paper, printing and writing paper, andphotocopy paper.

Evaluation of Cellulose Nanofibers by Using Sedimentation Method
Akio Kumagai , Takashi Endo
Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Materials and Chemistry,
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
Maki Adachi
RENIAS CO., LTD. Development Design GroupThe practicality of sedimentation method for evaluating the diameter andmorphology of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) in CNF dispersions was studied using
CNFs with different degrees of fibrillation prepared by the mechanical fibrillation ofsoftwood bleached kraft pulp. Evaluations of the CNF dispersions were performed
using a stability analyzer and centrifuge particle size analyzer based on thegravitational sedimentation method and differential centrifugal sedimentation (DCS)
method, respectively. The sedimentation behavior of CNFs provided by the stability
analyzer reflected the fiber morphologies, and good correlation was found between the
Stokes’ diameter obtained by the DCS method and the fiber diameters estimated fromfield-emission scanning electron microscopy observations. These results show thepossibility of using analysis based on the sedimentation method for evaluating thediameter and morphology of cellulose fibers in CNF dispersions, including the cellulose
fibers obtained by fibrillation.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

6

June 2019Vol. 73, No. 6

Energy Saving Ⅰ /Biomass
1
3
7
13
19

Report of the 23rd Saving Energy Seminar……Energy Committee, JAPAN TAPPIIntroduction of Fujinomiya Micro Hydro Power Plant……Kenichi Ikeda
State–of–the–art Integration of Energy Balance by Andritz―A Futuristic Pulp Mill with Improving of Recovery Process and Bio Product―……Masato Tsuchitana

Maximum Use of Home Generation of Electricity with Model Predictive Control……Toshiaki Tsutsumi（MPC）
Boiler Cleaning System for Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Plant……Yasuo Suzuki, Yohei Takeyama, Keiju Morishita, Yusuke Yamamoto and Tatsuyuki
Noda

24

Activities for Energy Saving in N2 Boiler at Kishu Mill……Yuki Minato

29

Application for Biomass Power Plant Fuel Storage Silo with Material Handling
System and for The Better Environment……Tetsushi Kadowaki

Topics & Information

34 Improvement of Paper Strength by Cellurase Enzyme……Kota Yoshimura and Masanobu Hatano

38 Introduction of “Orege” Effluent Treatment System；How This New Technology
Improves Sludge Dryness……Mizuho Saito
Research Report（Original Paper）

43

Effect of Sheet Forming Method on Wet Tensile Strength of Usu–mino–gami……Masamitsu Inaba，Satoshi Hasegawa，Masaki Handa，（Japanese Kozo Paper）
Toshiharu Enomae，Akihiko Takashima，Zhiyou Han and Shiori Someya

03
41
42

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break

59
64
67
76
77
79

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2019 June JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.6

Abstracts

Introduction of Fujinomiya Micro hydro power plant
Kenichi Ikeda
Fuji Mill, Oji Materia Co.,Ltd.
Fujinomiya office, belonging to Fuji mill, Oji Materia, is located in 8km northernarea from Fuji mill. After two paper machines stopped operation at Fujinomiya officein 2014, industrial water which had used to make paper production was left over anddischarged into the river, therefore, we had to consider how to use this left water
effectively in another way. As a result of consideration, we introduced Micro hydropower plant manufactured by ANDRITZ K.K, a leading supplier for hydraulic power
generation, and have been able to obtain electric power since 2017.
In this paper, we will explain our experience of introduction of this plant.
H State-of-the-art Integration of Energy Balance by Andritz-A Futuristic Pulp Mill with Iｍproving of Recovery Process and Bio ProductMasato Tsuchitana
Andritz K.K.
The kraft pulp mill is consisting of various fiberline processes, recovery processes
and various sub-systems as well as auxiliary equipment.
By upgrading and integrating the mill process and through optimization, it will bepossible to create more green energy and more efficiently from the biomass. The
modern kraft pulp mill is also producing bio-products that are also integrating the millprocess. Andritz has the sate of art for the integrating the mill process to produce more
green energy and bio products that contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gases
and pulp economy.
Maximum use of home generation of electricity with Model Predictive Control (MPC)
Toshiaki Tsutsumi
Mishima Mill, Daio paper.co.ltd
In order to reduce the energy cost, we introduced a MPC (Model Predictive Control)
as a multivariable model predictive control system for the automatically avoiding
operation constraints and the maximizing power generation output. As a result, we got
more than 3,000kW output compared with last year.
In the private power utility, there are various restrictions under the operation due
to the seasonal factor and the demand change of manufacturing process and theoperators are always required to adjust the output balance. However, it is difficult tokeep fine-tuning constantly while the operator doing other several taske, so there isinherent loss of operation opportunity that "it cannot be operated even if it isphysically possible to increase".
In our case, we developed the control system which maximize the output of the
facility constantly and keep the each parameter within the upper and lower limit
range, such as steam, condensate, fuel, power etc. We succeeded in increasing theamount of power generation by systemizing the operational know-how and reducing
the loss of operational opportunities.

Boiler Cleaning System for Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Plant
Yasuo Suzuki , Yohei Takeyama,Keiju Morishita,Yusuke Yamamoto and Tatsuyuki Noda
Environmental Solutions Sector，JFE Engineering Corporation
To remove dusts on the boiler heating surface is effective to improve the efficiencyof power generation in municipal solid waste incineration plants. But it is difficult toremove dusts on the radiation and convection chamber of the boiler during operation,
so that the flue gas temperature at outlet of radiation chamber becomes high and high.
To solve these problems, We tried two types new boiler cleaning systems and have goodeffects.
Activities for energy saving in N2 boiler at Kishu mill
Yuki Minato
Paper Business Division Kishu Mill,Hokuetsu Corporation
We Kishu mill has three boilers, biomass boiler (N2 boiler) and recovery boiler(No.6 boiler) for daily operation and heavy oil boiler (N1 boiler) for preliminary. The
steam generated from the boiler is used in whole mill through turbine (N1 turbine). In
regard to power, we also use purchased power due to lack of power generation.
The biomass boiler (N2 boiler) started operation in July 2008, and has been in
operation for 10 years. As we have implemented some energy saving activities, we will
introduce some of examples that a great effect has obtained.
Application for Biomass Power Plant Fuel Storage Silo with Material Handling System andfor The Better Environment
Tetsushi Kadowaki
Industrial Machinery Dept. No.2, Itochu Machine-Technos Corporation
Utilization of renewable energy, which is included in the main measures in the Fifth
Energy Basic Plan announced by the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy on
July 3, 2018.
In order for many paper manufacturers to support their contribution to the regional
economy through "entry into new businesses and development" as set forth in theirbusiness plans, we can propose to build an overall fuel storage, transportation andsupply system that covers large-capacity storage silos for biomass power generation
fuels (wood chips, wood pellets, PKS, etc.) and design of a transportation system that
integrates necessary functions within a limited site and completion of large siloconstruction using a proprietary spiral welding method in a shortest fabrication period
make it possible to greatly reduce the cost of plant construction.
In addition, this paper introduces the economic effect of the feed water preheating
system by waste heat recovery from boilers, which makes it possible to realize energy
saving by high-efficiency operation of fossil fuels, which is also one of the main
measures.
We expect that by building a system with utilizing those original technologies andextensive knowledge, we can contribute to the sustainability of the globally expanding
pulp and paper industry through the revitalization of local economies.
Improvement of paper strength by enzyme cellurase
Kota Yoshimura, Masanobu Hatano
Sales Dept., Specialty Chemical Div. RIKENGREEN CO., LTD.
Enzyme has been used in various process of paper making. For example, xylanase isused in pulp bleaching, amylase is used for viscosity modification of size press starch,laccase is used to remove lignin for bio-bleaching, and cellulase is used in refining anddrainage of paper making.
Hercobond 8922 is a cellulase which accelerates fibrillation of pulp fiber, improve paperstrength. Consequently, we succeeded in saving of energy cost by reduction of DDR load
and in improving of pulp quality as well. This article explains the results of improvementof paper strength at laboratory test and case histories at mill trial.

Introduction of Orege effluent treatment system,
How this new technology realizes improvement of sludge dryness.
Mizuho Saito
Industrial Department No.3, Itochu Machine-Technos Corporation
OREGE SA company basing in Paris / France , who is an engineering &manufacturer of wastewater and sludge treatment equipment. This company spent for
8 years for R&D , and started sales activity for worldwide market from 2015.Theirproduct「SLG」has unique patented technology which enable to reform sludge in waste
water mechanically and that improve the efficiency of dewatering in latter process.
Thanks to the improved efficiency , the volume of sludge is reduced. Also thanks tothat efficiency , consumption of polymer can be reduced too.
ITOCHU-MACHINE-TECHNOS CORP introduce about outline of Orege and theirequipment hereby especially for Pulp&Paper companies, who mostly have concerns
about cost of polymer.
Effect of Sheet Forming Method on Wet Tensile Strength of Usu-mino-gami (Japanese Kozo
Paper)
Masamitsu Inaba
Graduate School of Fine Arts, Tokyo University of the Arts
Satoshi Hasegawa
Hasegawa Washi Kobo
Masaki Handa
Handa Kyuseido Co., Ltd
Toshiharu Enomae
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
Akihiko Takashima
Historiographical Institute, The University of Tokyo
Zhiyou Han
Graduate School of Fine Arts, Tokyo University of the Arts
Shiori Someya
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba

Mino-gami （Japanese kozo paper）has been utilized in various ways to conserve
cultural properties for many years. Especially, usu (thin)-mino-gami is frequently usedas the first back lining paper of hanging scrolls in order to support the main paperwith a painting or a work of calligraphy on it. Improvement of the usu-mino-gami
quality will more contribute to preservation. In the first stage of our research, thepurpose is to clarify the manufacturing conditions of high-quality usu-mino-gami
produced with different sheet forming techniques. As a lining paper, usability andfeedback from users were considered in this study. The results showed that the sheet
formation measured based on light transmission homogeneity was ranked as
papermaking experts Furuta, Hasegawa and a papermaking beginner in descendingorder of quality. This sheet formation result agreed well with the wet tensile strengthof usu-mino-gami both sensorially evaluated and measured by a tensile tester with the
Finch device. The wet tensile strength decreased as the concentration of alkali solution
for moistening paper samples increased. Paper prepared from fibers after net washingand from a top portion of kozo branches had a relatively low wet tensile strength.
About the relationship between the order of sheet forming and wet tensile strength,
the sheet formation and wet tensile strength of paper improved in the sheet forming
order presumably because long fibers were filtered and formed into sheets in early
sheet forming and remaining short fibers and parenchyma cells composed the paper inlate sheet forming.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

7

July 2019Vol. 73, No. 7

Energy Saving Ⅱ
1

Energy Savings with the Installation of the No. 5 Turbine Generator in Gotsu
Mill……Sadayuki Hata

6

Activities for Energy Saving in Nichinan Mill……Masami Uchida

10

AIR LEAK VIEWER® MK–750―Visualizing Gas Leaking Location

16……Masahiro Oda and Yasuo Kushida

Development of Special Environment LED Lighting using AC Drive Technology……Hiroyuki Tanaka

Topics & Information

21 Introduction of High–efficiency and Power–saving Closed Condensate Recovery
System in Paper Industry……Takehiro Uwafuji and Sohei Akinaga
26 Niigata Mill Energy Saving Case……Masahito Washidu
31 Approach to Reducing Steam Consumption in Dryer Section……Qian Lin and Shogo Ujiie

36 New Type Turbo Blower Saves Energy―Air Foil Bearing Variable Speed Single Stage Turbo Blower TurboMAX―……Tsuyoshi Masuda

41 Honeywellʼs Multivariable Predictive Control for Pulp Process Optimization andLife Cycle Management of MPC……Kunihiko Seto
Introduction of Research Laboratories（129）48

Laboratory of Morphogenesis of Plant Resources・Laboratory of Cell Biology of
Woody Biomass

Technical Report（Original Paper）

50

The Effect of the Countercurrent Washing Process for KP Brown Pulp Stock
Line……Yoshitatsu Mori

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（79）74Harada Mill, NIPPON PAPER PAPYLIA CO., LTD

03
79Committee report
Papyrus

87
92
99
100
102

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2019 July JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.7

Abstracts

Energy Savings with the Installation of the No.5 Turbine Generator in Gotsu Mill
Sadayuki Hata
Gotsu Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., LTD.
The turbine generators (No.2 & No.3) in Gotsu Mill have had lots of issues due to theirdeterioration after 60 years since their construction, especially relating to their mechanicalgoverners and hydraulic systems. However, it is impossible for us to replace these existingmechanical governers with electrical governers due to manufacturer limitations. Therefore,
it was necessary to install a new turbine generator (No.5) in order to continue steady
operation.
Nippon Paper Industries regards Gotsu Mill as a main mill of the chemical productbusiness, and a plan to increase the production of dissolving pulp was made. Taking into
account a steam and power balance of the whole mill, an optimal evaporator and turbine
generator (No.5) were chosen and installed. The installation of the No.5 turbine generator
enabled us to utilize the steam previously lost in our mill, therefore achieving significant
energy savings, cost reductions and a more stable operation.
Activities for Energy Saving in Nichinan Mill
Masami Uchida
Nichinan Mill, Oji Paper Co.,Ltd
At Nichinan mill, we set the targeted reduction of energy saving as “1.5％ of the totalenergy in the mill” and we are working as one to achieve this target.
However the amount of capital investment is on a downwards trend in recent years. And
it is becoming to be difficult to find and implement the new idea.
In these circumstances we continue to reduce energy consumption by deepening pastenergy saving case and referring to the idea from the other Oji paper mills.
In this paper, we introduce the examples of our energy saving effort which we had
implemented.
AIR LEAK VIEWER® MK-750 - Visualizing gas leaking location
Masahiro Oda
Technology Development Department, JFE Advantech Co., Ltd.
Yasuo Kushida
Measuring & Diagnosis Division, JFE Advantech Co., Ltd.
In order to visualize gas-leak location as well as to detect gas-leak on gas pipes installed
within a wide area of factories, we have developed a new portable and light-weight
instrument, the “AIR LEAK VIEWER® MK-750”. The“MK-750” brings the beam-forming
technology using an ultrasonic microphone array to the conventional ultrasonic leakdetection method. The ultrasonic microphones are positioned in array arrangement which
creates time delay (phase delay) between the microphones in the arrival of ultrasonic waves
from its source, and the time delay (phase delay) of the microphone to that being the closest
to the ultrasonic source becomes larger as the distant of the microphone becomes farther
away from that microphone. This time delay (phase delay) between the ultrasonicmicrophones is determined from the distance of the microphones and the ultrasonic wave
orientation. The maximum amplitude obtained from overlapping the received waveforms ateach ultrasonic microphone is given by correcting the time delay (phase delay)
corresponding to the ultrasonic wave source orientation (that is, the gas-leak location).
The gas-leak orientation is shown as a live image on the LCD of “MK-750, and, one canpromptly identify a gas-leak and its position on the “MK-750”LCD screen.
We carried out field tests on actual factories and gas-leaks on pipes containing
compressed air, nitrogen gas, etc. were easily and efficiently detected up to 15m apart fromthe gas-leak source by using the“MK-750”. In addition, the“MK-750” can identify a gas-leakeven in a very noisy area, since it makes use of ultrasound while detecting.
The“MK-750” can detect ultrasound and determine its orientation based on the
beam-forming technology. Thus, the“MK-750”allows for ultrasound source detection in awide area. For instance, corona discharges are known to emit ultrasound when they occur
and by using a similar technology to “MK-750”, corona discharges can be not only detectedbut visualized. A portable instrument called “CORONA DISCHARGE VIEWER MK-760”
has been released lately in order to perform electrical facilities diagnosis.
Development of Special Environment LED Lighting using AC Drive Technology
Hiroyuki Tanaka
Do Light Co., Ltd.
Due to the suppression of global warming and enforcement of the Minamata Convention,
the switching of lighting equipment from existing light sources to LED light sources has
become an urgent matter for the entire industry.
LED lighting is excellent from the perspective of energy savings / eco product, and it
seems that erroneous information that it is a light source which does not get hot unlike
conventional lighting and its merit are widely understood. Since heat-sensitive materials
are often used as parts for LED lighting, heat dissipation design, which was not deemed
important in existing lighting sources, has become a problem that affects the product life,
and in particular, high temperature and dust impact. In applications where there there are
special circumstances such as vibration, the product life can be severely impacted anddisappoint users' expectations. Our products do not require ballasts. Independent type
modules adopting AC drive chips and LED lighting for special environments of less than
70 ℃ are developed by a heat sink with a helix structure unparalleled anywhere. In
addition, in this paper I would like to touch on the latest measures against heat, casing
design, material improvement and development of new material LED chips to meet
expectations for high temperature environment users above 70 ° C.
Introduction of high-efficiency and power-saving closed condensate recovery system in Paper
industry
Takehiro Uwafuji , Sohei Akinaga
Miura Co.,Ltd.
MIURA as a leading manufacturer of small once-through boilers has adopted “Plant
infrastructure total solution” as a slogan and is promoting various eco-friendly proposal
activities through water treatment devices for industrial water and compressors using
in-plant process steam, and so on. This paper explains high-efficiency and power-saving
closed condensate recovery system in Paper industry.
Niigata Mill Energy Saving Case
Masahito Washidu
Hokuetsu Corporation Co.,Ltd.
In recent years, countries have been required to take measures against global
environmental problems such as global warming, and Japan aimed to reduce CO2 emissions
in FY 2030 by 26％ from FY 2013 in the draft of the Paris Convention's promise 1) . In order
to contribute to the draft of the promise of the Paris Agreement, we have also started a
project to save energy. In this paper, we report two cases, "Enhancement of primary screen
efficiency of No.8 paper machine" and "Water conservation by adding secondary water filterof No.9 paper machine" at the Niigata Mill.

Approach to reducing steam consumption in dryer section
QIAN LIN , Shogo Ujiie
Kurita Water Industries Ltd.
In the papermaking process, various integrated efforts are demanded to reduce the energy
consumption. To dry the wet paper to a targeted moisture value in the dryer section requiresa large amount of energy. The energy efficiency will be worse enough to affect the whole
production process in the winter season, since at the lower temperature extra steam energy
is required, which deteriorates the steam consumption rate. As a result, mitigating thesteam consumption rate is crucial to reduce the energy consumption and to improve theproductivity.
In this paper, an originally developed technology, Finesteam, is introduced to improve theheat transfer efficiency. The core of this technology is to increase the water repellent ability
in the inner surface of the dryer, so the liquid film layer of steam condensed water can be
avoided, which effectively reduces the heat conduction resistance. This technology is
expected to optimize the heat transfer process. Results in this paper confirmed that the
reduction of the steam consumption rate is about 3~10% on average.
Another advantage of this technology is that it can be applied cheaply and easily to theexisting systems without changing the present operation conditions, making it a great
option to reduce the energy consumption. It will not affect the boiler water quality. In
addition, an automatic control system has also been developed independently for thechemical feeding. Visualization is also possible with our most recent water processing
monitor system, S.sensing® WEB.
The effectiveness of technology has been successfully applied in single-cylinder Yankee
dryers and multi-cylinder dryers, leading to more than fifty cases of adoption in Japan andworldwide.
New Type Turbo Blower Saves Energy-Air foil bearing Variable speed Single stage Turbo blower TurboMAXTsuyoshi Masuda
ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd.
In this paper I would like to introduce the advantages and technologies of TurboMAX
turbo blower. TurboMAX turbo blower consists of superior technologies like air-foil bearing,permanent magnet synchronous motor, high efficiency impeller, high speed control
technique and so on. As for the overall structure, blower, motor, inverter, touch panel
controller and blow off valve are installed in one enclosure. This is a new style turbo blower
called “air foil bearing-variable speed-single stage turbo blower”. Compare to theconventional blowers, TurboMAX turbo blower has many advantages in “Savingenergy”“Low noise and vibration”“Saving maintenance cost”“Space-saving and lightweight”.
Especially, compare to the conventional root blowers, TurboMAX turbo blower can reduce
power consumption by 20% on average.
As global warming is serious issue around the world now, reducing the power
consumption is required to all industries regardless of its type and scale. Especially forpaper industry which uses and disposes a large amount of water, reducing the cost for waste
water treatment is a big challenge. In the process of waste water treatment, aeration
blower's power consumption makes up the large proportion, and aeration blower usuallyruns for 24 hours every day. So, high efficiency aeration blower can contribute to the cost
reduction of waste water treatment significantly.
In the latter half of this paper, I introduce an actual case of replacing 2 root blowers with
1 turbo blower (MAX100) at municipal sewage-treatment plant for the field trial. As theresult, we could confirm 25% energy saving, 16dB noise reduction, 25μm vibration
reduction, and 6℃ blower room’s temperature reduction.
ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd. launched TurboMAX turbo blower since 2012 in Japan, andsome blowers have been delivered to paper factories. As for paper factory, we have delivered
blowers to 8 paper factories so far and 12 blowers are in operation now. Especially, one ofthese blowers are used for flotator which is used in the deinking process during
manufacturing recycled paper from used paper, and we confirmed TurboMAX turbo blower

can reduce power consumption in non-aeration use too. I expect TurboMAX turbo blower can
reduce the power consumption in many other uses too. I hope TurboMAX turbo blower
contributes to the energy saving in many fields and it leads to the reduction ofenvironmental burden of the globe.
Honeywell’s multivariable predictive control for pulp process optimization and life cycle
management of MPC
Kunihiko Seto
Honeywell Japan Ltd. Advanced Solutions
Multivariable predictive control (MPC) application has been started for pulp mill in Japan.
Honeywell’s multivariable predictive controller “Profit Controller” is widely accepted inprocess industry by its unique and advanced functions such as robustness and scalability for
optimization. Lifecycle management is also important to utilize MPC and sustain its benefit
for long time. Key points of lifecycle management and recommended support structures aredescribed.
The effect of the countercurrent washing process for KP brown pulp stock line
Yoshitatsu Mori
Consulting Dept.2, Solution business Division, Yokogawa Solution Service Corporation
The washing process of KP (Kraft pulp) brown pulp stocks, following to KP cooking
continuous digester, is consist of a series of washing equipment. This multi stage washingprocess is not only to wash the brown pulp stocks effectively but also to recover KP cooking
chemicals (expensive sodium compounds) and some wood lignin components that dissolvedin the filtrated dilute black liquors. And the filtrated and extracted black liquors are send to
the following KP causticizing process, and the chemicals are recovered finally.
In this KP washing process, “Countercurrent flow washing” strategy has been utilized ingeneral, and expected to the washing process to achieve better washing states for the pulp
stocks not to remain much chemicals in it. And, furthermore, they are required to be washedeffectively with lesser amount of fresh water usage, and, at once expected to decrease theenergy loads of the following black liquor evaporation process.
In this paper, a washing calculation model for this KP multi stage washing process thatcan simulate and estimate the chemical material balance was proposed. Next, utilizing thesimulated results by this model and another “Cross flow washing strategy”, that used
simple fresh washing water flow lines were compared. As the result, the effect of the“Countercurrent flow washing” was confirmed from the superiorities of the simulated
results of the recovered chemical amounts in each washing filtrate line, lost chemical
amounts to be carried away attached to the brown pulp stocks and the variance of therecovered chemical consistencies etc.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

8

August 2019Vol. 73, No. 8

Pulp
1

Report on 25th Pulping Seminar……Pulp Technical Committee, JAPAN TAPPI

3

Global Woodchips Supply/Demand……Natsuki Omori

7

Growth of Industrial Forest Plantation Business and Its Challenges―Efforts on the Productivity of Industrial Plantations in Brazil―……Hiroyuki Obuchi

16

Outline of Pulp Manufacturing Technology in Japan……Makoto Iwasaki

23

Introduction of the DIP System……Takanori Goto

30

Modernization of Bleaching Plants at Cenibra in Brazil……Hiroshi Yamashita

34

Operating Experience of Bleaching Optimization Control System……Kosuke Ikeda

38

Automatic Control of the Pulp Bleaching Process―The History of Its Evolution
and the Future……Yoshitatsu Mori

53
58
63

Chemical Approach to Solving Pitch Problems in the Pulping Process……Ryosuke Doi

Efficient Pulp Washing on KP Brown Stock Washing Process……Yukinori Enomoto and Masakazu Fumihara

The Basic Operation Management of Black Liquor Concentration System……Kohei Nakamura

68

Problems with Refractories for Rotary Kilns and Their Factors……Hitoshi Toda

72

International Recycling of Waste Papers……Michikazu Kojima

77

Introduction of the Latest Solution for Productivity Improvement in Kraft Pulp
Process……Hideo Yamamoto，Satoshi Wada，Mitsuru Komatsu and Masayuki Murano

Research Report（Original Paper）

84

Numerical Simulation for Compressive Strength of Corrugated Fiberboard Box……Takao Kobayashi

03
82
83
99

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

103
108
110
120
121
123

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2019 August JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.8 Abstracts

Global woodchips supply/demand
Natsuki Omori
Woodchip & Biomass department, Sumitomo Corporation
Recent supply/demand balance of woodchips has changed dramatically due to the rapid
pulp production increase in China. On the demand side, China became the biggest woodchip
importer surpassing Japan for the first time ever. Globally, the trade volume of woodchips
was 27 million BDT (Born Dry Ton) in Asia and approximately 30 million BDT including
European market. It was the largest volume in history. On the supply side, three major
supply countries, Vietnam, Australia and Chile had a record export volume respectively;
however, those countries have some negative issues for stable supply. Thus, it is expected
the supply/demand balance in the near future will be in a tight situation. In this report, we
will study the future market prospects by analyzing the demand/supply situation
respectively.

Growth of industrial forest plantation business and its challenges-Efforts on the productivity of industrial plantations in BrazilHiroyuki Obuchi
Japan Overseas Plantation Productivity Center (JOPP)In the future，the priority issues for management of industrial forest plantations will bemaking strategies to the increase of world population and the global warming.World
demand for wood will definitely increase year by year due to population growth. However，competition with the demand for agricultural land will make it difficult to secure new lands
for tree planting. For improve forest productivity，it will be necessary not only to increase
growth but also to develop of tree species that overcome global warming.
The goal of industrial tree planting is to get for the maximum yield in limited
lands.Sustainability in industrial forest plantations are to improve cost competitiveness inorder to provide society with wood needed for the future.For that purpose，it is important tograsp accurate information.
Forest measurement technologies continue to progress year by year. Satellite data are alsoable to use to watch illegal loggings，forest fires，wind damages，flood damages， pests anddiseases. From now on，we can take information of plantation sites and forestry machines by
IoT(Internet of Things).
This time，I was given the opportunity to explain the launch of The Brazilian Tree
Industry(ibá)，the creation of genetically modified eucalyptus in Brazil，and the technologies
in CENIBRA's tree planting business.I would like to evaluate that they are steadily moving
in the direction captures the requests of the times.

Outline of Pulp Manufacturing Technology in Japan
Makoto Iwasaki
MIP Consultant Office
In this paper I described about pulp manufacturing technologies which related to KP, MP
and DIP after World War Two. These pulping technologies were mainly influenced by raw
materials, environmental issue such as AOX in bleaching effluent and market needs.

Introduction of the DIP system
Takanori Goto
Project Sales Dept., Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
A DIP production process consists of many kinds of machines. It means that there arepossibilities to be able to reduce the cost of raw material, energy, and chemical by thetechnology of each component. In this paper, we will introduce DIP system technologies
related to each component and system.
Modernization of bleaching plants at Cenibra in Brazil
Hiroshi Yamashita
Valmet K.K. Pulp & Energy Service business line
In order to modernize the existing bleaching plants at Cenibra in Brazil, a new No.3
bleaching plant was installed with the latest bleaching technologies and state of the art
washing machines; Twin Roll Press Evolution (TRPE) to replace the existing old No.1
bleaching plant. With this installation the power consumption, total steam consumption,
and water consumption were reduced approximately by 49-50% , and effluent load werereduced approximately by 38%. In addition, the consumptions of chlorine dioxide, peroxide,
caustic, and sulfuric acid were reduced by about 11%, 15%, 12%, and 45% respectively. Itmeans that a lot of benefits can be obtained by adopting the latest bleaching technologies
and TRPE instead of the old bleaching plant. Today it is progressing to modernize theexisting No.2 bleaching plant with latest technologies and TRPE, which scheduled to start
up in December 2019, and expected to obtain same results as those achieved in the new No.3
bleaching plant.

Operating Experience of Bleaching Optimization Control System
Kosuke Ikeda
Iwakuni Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Kraft Pulp Mill needs to install Auto Process Control system, which can achieve bleachingchemical cost reduction with operating and quality stabilization as well as workload reduction
for each operator. Iwakuni Mill has two Kraft Pulp Mills, one is 5KP with hardwood chips, andthe other is 3KP with switching operation between hardwood and softwood chips. 5KP plant,
which 1,550t/D production is applied, controls brightness and Kappa number of final furnish by
4-stage bleaching system (A-D0-E/P-D1) and had an issue of excessive bleaching chemical
consumption not to breach brightness quality standard.
Last year operating optimization and chemical cost reduction in 5KP were achieved after
installation of Valmet APC Bleaching Optimizer (VBO). This report shows our experiencethrough the process leading to stabilized operation since VBO installed.

Automatic control of the pulp bleaching process- the history of its evolution and the future
Yoshitatsu Mori
Yokogawa Solution Service Corporation
It is well known that the PID control is very effective function. However, PID has a weakness
against process’s long dead time such as pulp bleach process have. Therefore, it has been used sample

PI control and Smith’s predictor etc. to avoid those problems. I summarized the development of thehistory of the control technology to improve the controllability against the pulp bleach processproblems, for example, cascade control, pulp bleach advanced control by DCS(Distributed Control
System), feed forward control system using multiple regression model by utilizing process computerwith database system connected to the DCS and recently MPC(Model Predictive Control) systems.
Furthermore, unavoidable sensor troubles in pulp bleaching process and the soft-sensor in the MPC
are described. Finally, touching on the technologies of Industrial-IoT, machine learning and AI etc.
using big data, we’d like to consider how these new technologies will be utilized in the pulp bleachingprocesses in the future.

Chemical approach to solving pitch problems in the pulping process
Ryosuke Doi
Nissin Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.
In the paper industry, engineers who aim for stable operation and quality improvement in
manufacturing, have been faced with the increasing number of pitch troubles due to sticky
substances in recent years. These problems are caused by the increased utilization ratio ofwaste paper and plantation trees, furthermore, closed water system.
Conventional pitch control methods in the pulping process generally use microtalc,
surfactants, anions and cationic polymers. They are highly effective and at low cost, however,a new countermeasure method is required because the conventional methods are not enoughto meet the demands for further improvement in quality and productivity in many cases
nowadays.
This article describes our approach to pitch control in the pulping process.

Efficient pulp washing on KP brown stock washing process
Yukinori Enomoto , Masakazu Fumihara
KATAYAMA CHEMICAL, Inc. PULP&PAPER RESEARCHKATAYAMA NALCO, Inc. PULP SERVICE THIRD DISTRICT SALES GROUP
The purpose of brown stock washing is to separate spent cooking chemicals and dissolved
organic wood solids from unbleached fibers. Recently, some pulp mills are trying to improve
pulp yield, but this operation usually tends to make pulp with high blow line kappa
number. Also, we need more bleaching agents or oxygen delignification efficiency thanconventional operation to meet required fiber brightness. If we use water alone for thisprocess, we cannot remove hydrophobic materials, like dissolved lignins and extractives,
from unbleached fibers completely. Our pulp wash aid has dual effect; one is to improvedrainage and the other is to remove wash hydrophobic materials efficiently. Using our pulp
wash aid, we can reduce the amount used of wash liquor and bleaching agents, and alsoachieve improvement of oxygen delignification, etc. This article describes the theory of ourpulp wash aid, and introduces some case studies from actual mills in overseas.

The Basic Operation Management of Black Liquor Concentration System
Kohei Nakamura
Sumiju Plant Engineering Co., Ltd.
Sumitomo Evaporator is a plate type falling film evaporator. The biggest feature of it isexcellent solution for scale trouble. For its feature, Sumitomo Evaporator has been applied
to Black Liquor Concentration since 1974 in Japan. In This Paper, We introduce Sumitomo
evaporator and its other features. Then, we will show how to check the state of multiple
effect evaporators from the point of view of temperature conditions.

Problems with refractories for rotary kilns and their factors
Hitoshi Toda
MINO CERAMIC CO.,LTD.
In this paper, we report on the wear of refractories in rotary kilns and their factors byshowing two examples. The wear of refractories in the rotary kiln includes corrosion,
spalling and abrasion caused by various factors. In case of a rotary kiln, mechanical spalling
due to mechanical stress can be a serious problem. By identifying the causes of wear ofrefractories and conducting proper measures, it is possible to prevent refractories from being
prematurely worn and to increase the operation rate of the kiln.

International Recycling of Waste Papers
Michikazu Kojima
Senior Economist, Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia
The utilization of recovered paper has been increased significantly in these thirty years.
China has been a major importer of waste paper. Around half of internationally tradedwaste paper have been imported by China in recent year In 2017, China announced thetighter control of import of recyclable waste would be introduced from the end of 2017.
Regarding paper, China has prohibited importing other waste papers, including mixture ofvarious waste papers, which is not classified in other trade code. The reasons behind thetrade restriction is pollution from paper recycling and mixture of non-recyclable waste.
EU and US increased the export of waste papers to India in 2018, while Japan did not.
The reason why Japan did not increase the export of waste papers to India might betransportation cost. From east coast of US and EU, India is closer than China. But fromJapan, the transportation cost to India is significantly high, compared with China.
This paper reviews the recent trade flow of waste papers in recent years, and Chinese
regulation on waste paper import.

Introduction of the latest solution for productivity improvement in Kraft pulp process
Hideo Yamamoto ,Satoshi Wada, Mitsuru Komatsu and Masayuki Murano
Kurita Water Industries Ltd.

In recent years, demand for paper has been sluggish, each paper company is making
efforts to improve productivity and reduce costs to improve profitability. Even in the kraft
pulp making process, it is necessary to use inhomogeneous raw materials, operation withchemicals and energy conservation, and various problems accompanying it are becoming
obvious.
Regarding the pitch component in the raw material, it was possible to reduce the solvent
extraction amount and dirt number by removing fatty acid and resin acid of the pulp by the
newly developed pitch control agent. Regarding to the pitch component derived from theantifoaming agent, it was possible to significantly reduce the dirt number by developing anantifoaming agent with excellent dispersibility. Regarding the whiteness of the pulp, it could
be improved with a pulp cleaning agent which removes lignin and prevents reattachment.
As for the calcium oxalate scale, we optimized the scale inhibitor to enhance theperformance under high pH and drastically extended the continuous operation period in theactual machine.
We would like to contribute to the paper making industry by solving our customers'
problems and improving productivity and ensuring stable operation through our chemicaltreatment technologies including these examples.

Numerical Simulation for Compressive Strength of Corrugated Fiberboard Box
Takao Kobayashi
Packaging Innovation Center, Oji Holdings Corporation
Many prototypes and experiments are repeated in order to decide the specification of the
optimum corrugated fiberboard box, so if it is possible to predict the compressive strength of
the box in advance, the development period can be shortened. Therefore, a method ofpredicting compressive strength of corrugated fiberboard boxes using nonlinear finite
element analysis was studied. Considering geometric nonlinearity and material nonlinearity,
phenomena leading to the maximum of the load through bifurcation buckling, initial
yielding and material failure were reproduced. As the material properties, the order of thebuckling mode and the box compressive strength matched the experimental results by
inputting the data of the stress-strain curve obtained by the edgewise crush test of thecorrugated fiberboard and the rotational rigidity around the crease line axis. As factors
influencing the box compressive strength, it is conceivable that the edgewise crush
resistance of the corrugated fiberboard, the bending rigidity of the box corner part, thebuckling mode, and the shape of the box. It was proved that estimation of the box
compressive strength by numerical simulation is effective as a means to realize optimum
design of the box specification and shortening the turnaround time of new productdevelopment.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

9

September 2019Vol. 73, No. 9

Papermaking Technology Ⅰ
14
14

Report of the 24th Papermaking Technology Seminar……Papermaking Technology Committee, JAPAN TAPPINew Development of Waste Paper Handling Technologies―Introduction of Latest Stock Preparation Equipment―……Jiro Urata

Intelligent Refining to Contribute Minimized Operating Costs, Optimal Quality
and Increased Stability―Solutions and Results……Keiichi Fujiki and Juha–Pekka Huhtanen

23
26

Operating Experience of Vertical Washer and Fiver Recovery “Vertical Z”……Hideto Miyata

Technological Trends of Internal Sizing Agents……Kazuya Miyamoto

Topics & Information

33

The Operating Experience of the Canvas Cleaner Equipped with a Roots Blower
for Vacuum at PM N2 in Yatsushiro Mill……Kazuho Igarashi

38

A Report of 2019 International Conference on Nanotechnology for Renewable
Materials（TAPPI Nano 2019）……Takanori Miyanishi

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan
（80）

45

Nagaoka Mill, Specialty Paper Business Div., Hokuetsu Corporation48

72nd JAPAN TAPPI General Meeting

03
44
78

Committee report
Coffee break
Papyrus

86
90
99
100
102

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2019 September JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.9 Abstracts

New development of waste paper handling technologies- Introduction of latest stock preparation equipment Jiro Urata
AIKAWA Iron Works Co.,Ltd.
In 2017, there was a trade conflict between the United States and China, in addition toa change in China's wastepaper procurement policy. This had a major impact on Japanesewastepaper procurement in 2018, and surpluses and shortages occurred in a short time. As aresult, in the paper mills in Japan, the price of waste paper has risen, sometimes forcing theuse of some grades of waste paper that are not regularly used, and affecting product quality
and operations.
China announced a policy to target zero solid waste imports by 2020. It will limit theimport of unsorted waste paper from Japan. There will be a shortage of high quality waste
paper, an excess of unsorted waste paper, and frequent use of low grade waste paper. If
inexpensive waste paper can be used to maintain product quality, the production cost can be
reduced.
Solutions for handling low grade waste paper measures are important for the stock
preparation system. The latest waste paper processing technology will be introduced alongwith successful examples in domestic and overseas mills.

Intelligent Refining to Contribute Minimized Operating Costs,
Optimal Quality and Increased Stability – Solutions and Results
Keiichi Fujiki
Paper Technology, Valmet Japan
Juha-Pekka Huhtanen,
MFC Team, Valmet Finland
The refining stage in stock preparation plays an important role in developing theproperties of stock for paper and board production. In the refiner, appropriate fiber
treatment greatly affects the runnability of the paper machine and quality of the end
products. Based on years of experience of several types of refiners, customer cases and pilot
machinery testing, Valmet has developed the refining process where the stock treatment
efficiency has been raised to a new level.
The key target of the solution development is to save operating costs and increase profit
while keeping the end-product quality at the target level for the customers. There are threecornerstones for achieving these targets: refining, high capacity OptiFiner Pro, itself e.g.
how fibers are treated and at which amount of refining energy. The second cornerstone is
automation and how stock properties can be measured automatically without humaninterference and how to utilize models to predict the quality of the stock after the machine
chest. The third cornerstone covers Industrial Internet applications, which provide
possibility to a meaningful dialogue with data. The dialogue with online data further
improves the ability to have stability in the process, and remarkably shortens the reaction
times to solve problems. There is also possibility to have a connection to a performancecenter, with a whole team of experts to speed-up troubleshooting and give support forprocess optimization.
Pilot facilities for stock preparation processes provides the complete testing environment
for mechanical pulping, recycled fiber, stock preparation and pulp drying. This enables anindividual testing of customer’s own processes as well as provides a comprehensive basis forthe product development.
Many commercial installations show that refining solutions improve end-productproperties and increase energy efficiency. The electricity savings potential is considerable. In
one case, only one new refiner replaced two traditional refiners and still delivered 40%
electrical energy savings.
This paper will present a more detailed description of the refining solutions, automation
platforms and Industrial Internet applications. It will also present mill experiences andresults under production conditions.

Operating Experience of vertical washer and fiver recovery “Vertical Z”
Hideto Miyata
Oita Mill, Oji Materia Co.Ltd.
In Oita mill, there are three paper machines, #1 ,#3 and #5, which produce various typesof products such as paperboard, gypsum liner board, white paperboard, color board, and coreboard paper.
White water put out from these three machines was treated directly at AST (activatedsludge treatment) in our mill, therefore, SS (suspended solids) concentration in waste water
was higher than other mills in our company. It was one of the factors which made total
production yield lower in Oita mill.
In this report, we will introduce the case that we installed vertical washer (Vertical Z
TAIZEN Co., Ltd) which recovered fiber from white water and we have confirmed
improvement of total production yield.

Technological Trends of Internal Sizing Agents
Kazuya Miyamoto
Chiba Laboratory, Paper Chemical Business Division, SEIKO PMC CORPORATIONThis paper presents a review of technological trends and developments of internal sizing
agent. In recent years, papermaking conditions have changed by greater use of recycled pulp
and closed water system in paper mill and the performance of internal sizing agent has been
declined. Under these circumstances, formulations have been proposed that emphasize theuse of surface sizing agents rather than internal sizing agents, but have not been muchadvanced and the internal sizing agent still have an important role in paper making.

The Operating Experience of the Canvas Cleaner Equipped with a Roots Blower for Vacuum at
PM N2 in Yatsushiro Mill
Kazuho Igarashi
Yatsushiro Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Yatsushiro Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd is located in Yatsushiro city having richnature, “Kuma River” which is one of the Japan's three biggest fast flowing river, also
“Kyushu mountain range” and “Yatsushiro Sea”. Yatsushiro Mill is the integrated mill,
mainly produces newsprint, printing paper, information paper. Yatsushiro Mill has four
paper machines and produces 500,000 tons annually.
In order to reduce paper loss due to pitch, PM N2 installed the latest canvas cleaner in
2016, and it is the first printing paper machine in Japan to have this cleaner.
This report describes the outline of PM N2 and the operating experience of this cleaner.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 10

CONTENTS

October 2019Vol. 73, No. 10

Papermaking Technology Ⅱ
2
7
12
17
24
27
33
38
45

Water Quality Management and Stable Operation for Papermaking Wet End by
Kurita S.sensing® Technology……Yasuhiro Kagawa, Hiroki Katsura, Keiji Suruga and Takashi Saigusa
Smart Control Module for Wet–End Process……Ryozo Shimizu

Latest Technology Trend in Wet–End Process Automation―Advanced Analytics Improve Mill Performance and Reliability―……Jari Almi, Samuli Lehtonen and Kenichi Ishihara

Clean Paper Machine Operation by Proper Slime Control and Retention Aid
System……Yu Kimura
Alkaline Newsprint with High Brightness and High Opacity for Color Printing……Takanori Miyanishi

Wet End Chemicals and the Applications in Japan, China, USA and SEA……Ryuji Itose

Picth Troubleshooting of Paper Making by Comprehensive Chemical Approachat Paper Stock Preparation/Wet End……Yasutoshi Himei
The Latest Technology for the Solutions of Approach Flow……Masamori Tanaka
Quality Improvement in Yonago–Mill N–1M/C Approach System……Tsutomu Shimoji

Topics & Information

49
54

60
66
71

Development of Technologies for Integrated Production from Woody Biomass of
Cellulosic Ethanol……Atsushi Furujyo, Shingo Sekizawa, Naoya Azumi, Akira Tsukamoto,

Shoichi Ikemizu, Kohei Ide, Miyuki Kanezawa, Akira Fukuda and Takeshi Uemura

DryOnyx H Release Coating of Valmet Corporation Expands Its High–
Performance of Non–Stick Properties―On–site Coating Services on Dryer Cylinders at Japanese Paper Mills―……Noriyuki Yasuo, Kimiaki Iwane and Daisuke Inoue

Standardized Paper and Pulp Testing for Process Optimization and Control―L&W New Generation Autoline and Online Pulp Measurement System―……Mitsuhiro Yamazaki

Trace Ion Analysis by Ion Chromatography……Toshitatsu Takei, Iori Tomoda, Eriko Tawara and Mitsutaka Kondo
Corporate Profile & Product Information ㊶

Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Introduction of Research Laboratories（130）80

Lignocellulosic Biomass Laboratory（Nonaka Lab.），Course of Forest Resources
and the Environment, Department of Sustainable Resource Sciences, Graduate
School of Bioresources, Mie University

Research Report（Original Paper）

83

Mathematical Model of Paper Surface Topography by Perlin Noise Derived from
Optical Reflection Characteristics……Shinichi Inoue, Masanori Maki and Norimichi Tsumura
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（81）98

Nichinan Mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd

03
79
82
103

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

106
111
121
122
124

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association-001-002_10月号(26)目次.indd 2

19/09/06 10:45

2019 October JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.10 Abstracts

Water quality management and Stable operation for papermaking wet end by Kurita S.sensing®
Technology.
Yasuhiro Kagawa, Hiroki Katsura , Keiji Suruga and Takashi Saigusa
Pulp and Paper Industries Department, Kurita Water Industries Ltd.
Recent environment around paper industry has been changing, especially in regard toincreasing paper recycle rate. It causes in fluctuation of furnish quality, that influence on
machine running stability and paper product quality. In such a complicated situation, we
focus on “water”used a lot in paper-making process to improve productivity. We report our
new technology, “S.sensing® system” to achieve it by stabilizing water quality. S.sensing®
system has three functions : monitoring, analysis and control.First, we monitor water
qualities and accumulate machine running & paper quality information from customer.
Second, we analyze the correlation among them. Third, we control water quality and achieve
improvement on machine running stability and paper product quality.
In this report, we introduce the case study that defect on paper reduced by analysis
correlation between water quality & defect causes then controlling water, and we linked the
upstream side and the wastewater treatment process by our newly developed “S.sensing®
system”.
Smart Control Module for Wet-End Process
Ryozo Shimizu
Project Sales Department, Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
The concept of "Papermaking 4.0", launched by Voith Paper in 2015 in Asia including
Japan, is the fourth high-tech strategy "Industrie 4.0", a high-tech strategy promoted by theGerman government. Based on the industrial revolution. Construct a system combining
modules composed of highly digitalized smart devices, collect and analyze huge big datasuch as machine equipment, papermaking process and product quality via high-speed
network, and perform advanced predictive control This is a new total solution for paper
machine equipment that provides predictive maintenance and artificial intelligence basedon condition monitoring results, and operation support services that make full use ofmachine learning functions. A new company, Voith Digital Solutions, launched in April 2016,
brings together resources within the Voith group to the development of new digitization
products and application software and services that make full use of IoT technology, creatinga digitization business model It was established for the purpose of further expansion.
Product development and data security using a cloud system by expanding to the area
providing secure and reliable IT infrastructure facilities and services that are thefoundation of the three product areas of smart control, smart maintenance and smart
service In addition, services such as cyber security measures and penetration tests todiagnose system vulnerabilities can also be provided.
As the world's leading paper machine supplier, Voith integrates the latest dynamic
advanced information technology with the know-how accumulated in the papermaking
process through the design and development of numerous papermaking machines provided
over the past 150 years Bring the next level of change to the paper industry. We will
introduce the smart control module of wet-end process, which has obtained good results inthe past several years after verification on the actual machine, including future possibilities.
In the conventional method of measuring the strength of the paper, the sheet sampled fromthe surface layer of the winding after frame change is subjected to destructive inspection in
the test room off-line.
Therefore, a time lag of approximately one hour occurs before reflecting the measurement
result in operation and obtaining the result. In order to guarantee the quality target value ofthe shipping products reliably, it is addressed by setting the setting value in the operation toa high value, but excessive waste or waste is generated in medicine and raw material

combination. This is a factor that lowers production efficiency, as products manufactured
from the time a problem occurs beyond the allowable range of the quality target value to thetime it is dealt with are scrapped. The virtual sensor is a technology that can predict andquantify various quality control values online by analyzing and modeling (static anddynamic) process data, machine data and test data. Since real-time quality control can be
performed, excessive operating cost reduction and productivity improvement can be
expected. On-line control in combination with the smart control module can also provide
safety assurance and performance improvement through stable operation. Extremely highaccuracy, as highly correlated data is found from all process data, machine data, and test
data and reflected in the model instead of using only correlated process data based on theory
or experience A model is built. Basically, all quality control values can be modeled as virtual
sensors.
Latest technology trend in Wet-End process automation-Advanced analytics improve mill performance and reliabilityJari Almi and Samuli Lehtonen
Valmet Automation Oy. Finland
Kenichi Ishihara
Valmet K.K. Automation Business LineThe Industrial Internet has enabled the unlocking of the value of vast data resources in amodern pulp and paper mill. Combining process and business data from different millsystems, applying advanced analyti③cs and utilizing industry knowhow allows advanced
companies to launch new data driven analytical applications. The applications can justvisualize the big data, but also incorporate artificial intelligence to predict future outcomes
and increase overall level of intelligence. New applications enable assisted decision making
by mill operators and create more intelligent setpoints to the automation system. Analyticalapplications and remote connections can be also used by suppliers process and machine
experts in their remote support centers. The future of data analytics will involve common
solutions by suppliers in a so-called “digital ecosystem”. Concrete steps in building thisecosystem are being taken by combining the resources and solutions of an automation
supplier with a supplier of enterprise resource planning and manufacturing execution
systems.
Clean Paper Machine Operation by Proper Slime Control and Retention Aid System
Yu Kimura
Technical Div., Technical Dept., SOMAR Corporation
In recent years, the usage of wastepaper pulp and recycled water has increased in paper
machines in order to reduce environmental burden. This increase has brought a lot of
troubles in paper making process and paper quality itself. These troubles are caused by
microorganisms, residual paper making aids, pigments and stickies which originate fromwastepaper. Therefore, we have developed "CURECIDE System (slime control agent)" formicrobial deposits and "AXISZ System (retention aid / coagulant)" for the deposits whichcome from papermaking aids and stickies.
"CURECIDE System" is composed of a variety of slime control agents. These agents are
mixed with sodium hypochlorite when they are dosed. This system can generate bothgeneral inorganic and organic biocides. The organic biocide is very excellent in not only
long-time effectiveness as bactericide but also anti-fungal effect. Fungi grow fast withstarches, but starches which derive from wastepaper pulp are increasing. This trend helps
increment of microbial deposits. "CURECIDE" and sodium hypochlorite are transported tothe machine side in two separated pipes and are mixing just before added to paper machine.
In this way, there is no decrease in the sterilizing effect. Our on-machine trial shows thatthe number of microorganisms reduces greatly. Consequently, the paper defects decline as
well.

"REALIZER FX77", retention aid which is one of the compositions of "AXISZ System" isvery effective for the deposits from stickies and papermaking aids."REALIZER FX77" is ahigh-performance retention aid which is incorporated with "Reactive Polymer Technology".
"Reactive Polymer Technology" is able to bind both stickies and residual paper making aids
to pulp fibers even if the retention aid polymer is broken by machine shear. To add"REALIZER FX77" improves the retention of internal sizing aids. Hence, the number of
paper defects which are caused by the residual sizing aids can be greatly reduced.
Alkaline Newsprint with High Brightness and High Opacity for Color Printing
Takanori Miyanish
JAPAN TAPPI
Several mill trials on a twin wire gap former suggested that neutral PCC (Precipitated
Calcium Carbonate) filled newsprint has high brightness and opacity, and is technicallyfeasible. Sheet formation was good, physical properties were acceptable, and print quality
such as ink transfer and print through was excellent. However, more linting propensity wasobserved. To solve this problem, Prüfbau printing tests and EPMA (Electron Probe Micro
Analysis) were employed for the evaluation of linting tendency and paper sheet structure.
PCC fillers retained by mechanical filtration were observed near the paper surface as
agglomerates. Laboratory studies found that using a retention aid improved two-sidednessof paper and distribution of PCC fillers by colloidal forces, and reduced linting propensity.
Based upon these results, the next mill trial was performed. For effective use of retention
aid, zeta potential of the paper machine headbox was monitored continuously by an on-line
instrument and was controlled into the proper range. Stock inlet pH was stable at 7.5-8 dueto the buffering effect of PCC, and no darkening of mechanical pulp was observed. No paper
breaks or foaming troubles occurred. The first pass retention was increased andtwo-sidedness and linting of the newsprint were decreased to satisfactory levels. The neutral
papermaking technology of newsprint was successfully applied to develop value added highbrightness and high opacity wood containing printing grade and generated ample profit topaper mills.
Wet End Chemicals and the applications in Japan, China, USA and SEA
Ryuji Itose
Harima Chemicals Inc. Paper Chemicals Company,
Sales department, Southeast Asia Block Sales Section
Harima Chemicals Group supplies wet end chemicals such as paper dry strength resins(DSR) and rosin dispersed sizes in Japan, China, US and Southeast Asia (SEA)
corresponding to the requests of paper quality for customers and the compliance ofregulations for environment.
In this report, the trend of wet end chemicals in the area and the countries is describedbased on the paper production with economic trend. The performance of wet end chemicals
is massively affected by the conditions of raw materials and machine setting such as
recycled fibers and pulp types and wire types, etc. In order to get the best performance of wet
end chemicals, it is necessary to comprehend the wet end condition. Then, we can get thebetter runnability and productivity with optimizing the application of wet end chemicals
and machine setting. We recommend our DSR (Harmide®) for better runnability and total
cost reduction against the application of starches for papermaking. Also, we introduce ourrosin dispersed size (Harsize® and NeuRoz®) with Co-mingle system® for better sizing andcost reduction.

Picth Troubleshooting of Paper Making by Comprehensive Chemical Approach at Paper Stock
Preparation / Wet End
Yasutoshi Himei
Research＆Development Dept. , Nissin Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. , Ltd
Recently, the quality of the wastepaper is lower than before, because the good wastepaper
circulation volume shrinkage by influence of progress of information digitalization, and theother hand, improvement of paper quality and weight saving are desired from paper andboard user, therefore deposit trouble is one of a serious problem for papermaking
engineers.
The pitch measures in the pulping process are extremely important as one of the means tosolve the pitch problem fundamentally. But it is impossible to solve the pitch trouble only by
the pulping process, so the pitch measures at the wet end are also necessary.
This report introduces the pitch control method at the wet end.
The latest technology for the solutions of Approach Flow
Masamori Tanaka
Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
Approach Flow means the system to prepare the suitable fiber and water condition
just before the Headbox. The suitable condition is that uniform paper is produced
without paper breakage and/or quality problems during operation. For thecontinuous and stable production, Approach Flow should get rid of problems mainly
like pulsation, uneven fiber consistency and mixed and dissolved air bubbles.
Additionally, saving energy and less space of installation for machines are also
required for better system.
CoMix is the system for fast and even mixing. Hydromix is for stock dilution withshort retention time. The size of CoMix and Hydromix is much smaller thanconventional design. Dearation tank system has less energy consumption thandearation pump system. Pulsation can be decreased by Multifoil rotor and special
casing screen.
With these machines, the latest Approach Flow System achieves much compactersystem with less energy consumption and stable uniform stock quality.
Quality Improvement in Yonago-Mill N-1M/C Approach System
Tsutomu Shimoji
OJI PAPER Co.,Ltd Yonago-MillOji Paper Yonago-Mill N-1 Paper Machine (N-1M/C) has started commercial operation
with producing the base paper for A3 grade (Light weight coated grade) since October 1998.
In 2000 the wood-free paper production has been launched then, the production of the basepaper for A2 grade (Fine coated grade) has been as follows started in 2005 when theremodeling of the off-coater part was completed.
A tremendous measure has been taken on N-1M/C to achieve much higher machine
efficiency and improve the quality though, we are introducing the useful work for the quality
improvement through the approach system in this article.
Development of Technologies for Integrated Production from Woody Biomass of Cellulosic Ethanol
Atsushi Furujyo, Shingo Sekizawa, Naoya Azumi, Akira Tsukamoto and Shoichi Ikemizu
Oji Holdings Corporation, Innovation Promotion Division, Bioresource Development Center
Kohei Ide, Miyuki Kanezawa, Akira Fukuda, and Takeshi Uemura
JXTG Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation, Central Technical Research Laboratory

Bioethanol produced from biomass is expected to become a sustainable energy source inthe future since bioethanol has advantages over fossil fuels. Namely, bioethanol is anatural and renewable form of energy that does not increase atmospheric carbon dioxidelevels, because burning biomass releases carbon dioxide that is largely balanced by the
carbon dioxide absorbed in its own growth. In Brazil and the United States, bioethanol
produced from sugarcane, corn and other crops is already being used as automobile fuel by
blending with gasoline. Increase in bioethanol production may, however, lead to increase infood prices due to the competition with food production.
In our country with the background of self-sufficiency ratio in the primary supply,“Sophisticated method of energy supply structure” has been established in 2009 to limit thevolume of green-house gas emission and use of the biofuel is required. At the present,
bioethanol which made from sugarcane is imported from Brazil. But considering incompetition with a food is mentioned by a law, development cellulosic bioethanol is required
from the prospective of energy security.
From 2015 to 2017, JXTG Nippon Oil & Energy(JXTG) and Oji holdings(Oji HD) studied“Demonstration and Development Project of Production System for Cellulosic bioethanol”
for the purpose of development and demonstration. This project was supported from New
Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization(NEDO) and gathered theelemental technology obtained in the previous project, and in experiment, the most suitablecombination was selected. Furthermore, we operate pilot-scale plant and confirmed the
productivity of the cellulosic bioethanol.
DryOnyx H Release Coating of Valmet Corporation Expands Its High-Performance of Non-Stick
Properties- On-site Coating Services on Dryer Cylinders at Japanese Paper Mills Noriyuki Yasuo, Kimiaki Iwane
Nagoya Plant, Tocalo Co.,Ltd
Daisuke Inoue
Overseas Business Division, Tocalo Co.,Ltd
In 2015, Tocalo Co.,Ltd. started on-site coating applications of DryOnyx H, a releasecoating for dryer cylinders of paper machines licensed from Valmet Corporation, Finland, forJapanese paper manufacturers after closing a license agreement with the company in 2014
August. Valmet’s DryOnyx H represents a package of unique technologies for coating
formation that is highly recognized and used by paper manufacturers around the globe andis a successor, with improved features, to DryOnyx Z. The number of cylinders coated with
DryOnyx H tops 300 as of 2014 August. Its functional coating surface has proved excellent
releasing and non-stick properties for doctored dryer cylinders, contributing to drastic
productivity improvements in papermaking processes.
One of the biggest advantages of DryOnyx H is its short time requirement realized by theon-site application, which eliminates the needs for removing large cylinders from the line
and transportation to the coating facility as required in conventional release coatings. Low
temperature cured paints and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fluoropolymer sheets are
known as conventional on-site solutions for dryer cylinders, however, only few examples ofactual use are found due to quality and short service life from their low durability to doctor
blades. DryOnyx H is on-site coating technology designed to provide solutions for thesechallenges and now meets customers' expectations for shorter process time and longer
service life.
During 2 year period from September 2015 to the end of 2017, nine cylinders have been
applied with DryOnyx H, and more than six projects are underway in 2018. In this paper,
the basic characteristics and coating processes of DryOnyx H along with its performance arereported.
Standardized Paper and Pulp Testing for Process Optimization and Control―L&W New Generation Autoline and Online Pulp Measurement System―
Mitsuhiro Yamazaki
Pulp & Paper Group, Industrial Automation Division, ABB K.K.

In all types of mature business, constant improvements are required for a company to staycompetitive. Today it is more important than ever. Search for cost reductions and improved
efficiency is always on the agenda. In the pulp and paper industry, the first goal is to
produce a product within given specification at the lowest possible cost - quality testing andmonitoring of the process is one way getting there.
In this speech, at first about L&W Autoline, I would like to share our experience andknowledge which has been obtained from installation base of almost 500 systems all over
the world. And, I continue to introduce the design concept and capability of L&W Freeness
Online, L&W Fiber Online, and our new solution, L&W Freeness & Fiber Online which can
combine the online measurements of freeness and fiber properties.
Reliable automated paper testing system and online pulp measurement system helps tomonitor and control properties and qualities, and to create the best possible continuous anduniform process throughout from pulp furnish and to paper product.
Trace ion analysis by Ion Chromatography
Toshitatsu Takei, Iori Tomoda, Eriko Tawara and Mitsutaka Kondo
Material Analysis Center, Innovation Promotion Division, Oji Holdings Corporation
Ion chromatography (IC) was first published by H. Small et al. in 1975. IC is the method
in which ions are selectively separated. It has been adopted to standard test methods suchas "JIS K0127 ion chromatography common rule" and “Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water” and applied in various fields such as the environmental, thechemical industry, the pharmaceutical industry. The IC consists of a pump that delivers theeluent, an injector that introduces the sample, a column that separates the target analyzer
species, and a detector that detects the separated analytical species. In this study, weinvestigated the 2mm column instead of the current 4mm column and 100ml instead of thecurrent 25ml loop to develop the micro-analytical method. Results show the sensitivity was
20 times higher than that of the current method.
The peak of the carbonic acid ion (CO32-) could, however, be detected in between the peaksof nitric acid ion (NO3-) and sulfate ions (SO42-) because of the high sensitivity of analysis,
resulting in the lower analytical accuracy due to the changes in the retention times,
sensitivities, reproducibility, the peak shapes, etc. Although we investigated the device forremoval of the carbonate ion, it was not so effective as to lower the carbonate concentration
for the high sensitive analysis. Therefore, we examined the different types of the columns,
the gradient conditions of the eluent, and the column temperature. We applied theanalytical method developed and optimized for the trace anion quantitation to paper
samples. Results demonstrated that the method we developed was highly sensitive andalso quantitative for the paper samples.
Mathematical Model of Paper Surface Topography by Perlin Noise Derived
from Optical Reflection Characteristics
Shinichi Inoue
Process Development Laboratory, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited
Masanori Maki , Norimichi Tsumura
Graduate School of Advanced Integration Science, Chiba University
Both of gloss and gloss unevenness are important quality for printing paper. In addition,
it is assumed that these optical reflection characteristics are caused by paper surface
topography. Therefore, it is important to build the mathematical model of paper surface
topography to evaluate gloss and gloss unevenness. However it is difficult to measure paper
surface topography. Furthermore, it is difficult to make the mathematical model because itis irregular.
In this paper, we propose a new method of mathematical modeling of paper surface
topography based on the Perlin noise. To estimate paper surface topography, we assume

that surface topography is expressed as the Perlin noise. The Perlin noise is a computer
graphics drawing technique in recent years. It can generate irregular phenomena of natural
world such as clouds, flames and water surface. These images are generated with a sense ofnatural by adjusting parameters. It is assumed that these optical reflection characteristics
are caused by paper surface topography. The parameters which decide about the Perlin
noise model is derived from the measured statistical optical reflection properties of paper.
The statistical property of the surface normal distribution, that is BRDF (Bidirectional
Reflectance Distribution Function), is acquired by the collimator optical system. The spatial
frequency property of the unevenness is acquired by the telecentric optical system. We
estimate the surface topography with this method and verify the validity of the proposedmodel.
The optical reflection characteristics of the surface topography generated by the proposed
Perlin noise model were close to the actual optical reflection characteristic of paper.
Moreover, it was confirmed that it can explain the gloss phenomena well.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 11

CONTENTS

November 2019Vol. 73, No. 11

Pulp and Paper Research Conference/Paperboard・Cardboard
1

A Report on the 2019（86th）Pulp and Paper Research Conference……Wood Science Committee, JAPAN TAPPI

12What is Required of Bioplastics Now !……Tadahisa Iwata

18

Breeding and Clone Development for Eucalyptus Plantation Forest in Northern
Brazil……Kazunori Hayashi, Eiji Iwata and Naoki Negishi

22

Characterization and Application Development of Phosphorylated Cellulose
Nanofibers……Rina Tanaka

26

Operating Experience of PM2 After Modification……Shigetsugu Sato30

Development of Surface Strengthening Agent for Paperboard Having High
Penetrability……Taku Ainoya

34
40

Rosin Sizing System with Reduced Alum Dosage for Linerboard……Kenichiro Yokota, Takuya Kawamura, Takuya Yamashiro and Takahiro Tanaka

Development and Characteristic of Latest Forming Fabric for Board Machine……Suguru Watanabe

Research Report（Original Paper）-001-002_11月号(17)目次.indd 2

45

Development of Mineral Hybrid Fiber from Calcium Carbonate and Pulp Using
Fluid–jet Cavitation……Moe Fukuoka, Toru Nakatani and Shisei Goto

03
59

Committee report
Papyrus

66
71
82
83
85

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

19/10/07 17:26

2019 November JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.11 Abstracts

What is required of bioplastics now!
Tadahisa Iwata
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
Considering their widespread usage in various fields, such as food packaging, clothes,shelter, communication, transportation, construction, health care, and the leisure industries,
plastics are very important materials. Currently used plastics are mostly produced frompetrochemical products. However, there is a growing demand for eco-friendly plastics,
namely “Biomass Plastics”, which are produced from renewable resources, and“Biodegradable Plastics”, which degrade in the environment, to establish a more sustainable
society and to solve global environmental and waste management problems. In this paper, I
will introduce the processing of strong and porous fibers, mechanical properties, molecularand highly ordered structure, enzymatic and environmental degradation of microbial
polyesters synthesized from sugar and plant oils. Recently, our group succeeded tosynthesize new thermoplastics from polysaccharides such as curdlan, paramylon, pullulan,
etc. by esterification and found interesting thermal, mechanical, and optical properties.
Highly transparent films, injection molding, and melt-spun fibers were prepared fromester derivatives and their physical properties and structures were investigated.
Furthermore, unnatural-type polysaccharide, -1,3-glucan, can be achieved by in vitro
enzymatic polymerization with glucosyltransferase from sucrose via one-pot water-based
reaction. Biomass Plastics and biodegradable plastics are thus intensively studied, and theircurrent uses as well as future prospects are discussed in this paper.
Breeding and clone development for Eucalyptus plantation forest in northern Brazil
Kazunori Hayashi, Eiji Iwata and Naoki Negishi
Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. (NPI) manages Eucalyptus plantation forests in Brazil,
Chile, Australia and South Africa as part of its sustainable resources procurement policy“Tree Farm Initiative”. Among them, Amapa Florestal e Celulose S.A. (AMCEL) located in
Amapa state in northern Brazil owns the largest plantable area, planting Eucalyptus
species in plantations and producing wood chips to export to overseas.
AMCEL enjoys flat, large and consolidated plantable areas, a favorable position of thechip mill and port relatively close to plantations, and a strategic location adjacent to thenorthern hemisphere for easier access to major markets. Since NPI joined AMCEL’s
management in 2006, we have focused on development of elite commercial clones through,in particular, introduction of species and families well adaptive to AMCEL environment,
establishment of near-infrared technique for wood property analysis, and modification of theconventional clone development process. As a result of continuous improvement in our
principal breeding targets including tree volume, basic density and kraft pulp yield, we
recently developed a new superior commercial clone which largely exceeds our current
commercial ones.
In this presentation, we would like to discuss the latest situation and future direction of
our breeding and clone development program for AMCEL plantation forest.
Characterization and Application Development of Phosphorylated Cellulose Nanofibers
Rina Tanaka
Oji Holdings Corporation
Phosphorylated Cellulose nanofibers (P-CNFs) with uniform width of 3–4 nm can beobtained via phosphate esterification of wood pulp, followed by simple mechanicaldisintegration process. The preparation method was simple and time-saving. Wood pulp wassoaked in an aqueous solution of urea and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and was driedand cured in hot air for a few minutes. During the reaction, anionic dibasic phosphategroups were introduced on the surface of cellulose nanofibers. X-ray diffraction
measurement indicated that crystallinity index and crystal size of phosphorylated pulp
almost didn’t change after phosphate esterification. Due to osmotic pressure of water andelectrostatic repulsion by phosphate groups, the P-CNFs can easily be nanodispersed inwater with less energy consumption. P-CNFs can be used in dispersion, sheet and powderform. The aqueous P-CNF dispersion was highly transparent and had much higher viscosity
than conventional thickeners. The transparent P-CNF sheet had low coefficient of linear
thermal expansion, excellent mechanical properties such as high Young’s modulus and hightensile strength, foldability and organic solvent resistance. Furthermore, we investigatedthe hydrophobized CNF and its powder whether to disperse in various organic solvents.
P-CNFs can be applied to a variety of fields such as thickener, filler materials, display
materials and flexible substrates.
Operating Experience of PM2 After Modification
Shigetsugu Sato
Kanazu Mill,Rengo.Co.,Ltd
6 paper mills in Rengo group had produced container board, however, we consolidated it
into 5 paper mills to increase earning capacity by Rengo’s reconstitution strategy of paperboard production system. Although PM2 at Kanazu mill had produced only corrugating
medium since 1969, it was modified to produce both liner board and corrugating medium
with this policy.
PM2 started commercial run in October 1st 2017 and have continuously optimized its
operation and reached 1,000 tons daily production, which represent an increase of 30% fromthe before modification, in June 2018.
This report describes general information for this project and operating experiences ofPM2.
Development of Surface Strengthening Agent for Paperboard Having High Penetrability
Taku Ainoya
Research & Development H.Q., Paper Chemicals , Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Recently, corrugated cardboard tends to become thin (reducing weight) due toenvironmental problems such as carbon dioxide reduction and resource saving. Since thinpaper reduces the strength of the paper, it is well know that a method of compensating thestrength by applying a paper strengthening agent. Generally, inexpensive starch is applied
to the surface, and with starch it is difficult to reach the compressive strength of theintended paper. There is also concern that coating unevenness may occur by using a highviscosity starch solution. Furthermore, if corrugated cardboard coated with a large amountof starch is used, problems are pointed out such as poor adhesion when corrugatedcardboard is assembled. On the other hand, Polyacrylamide (PAM) is used instead of starch.
There is a problem that PAM is more expensive than starch. Paper surface strengthening
agent developed in the past failed to achieve the target cost performance because it was notable to penetrate the paper sufficiently.
In order to solve these problems, we have newly developed the “high penetrating surface
paper strengthening agent of PAM type”. The feature of high penetrating type agent is: (1) it
has excellent penetrability in the Z-axis direction of the paperboard; (2) it interacts with theion component in the paper to make it pseudo-high molecular weight. Compared with theconventional surface paper strengthening agent, it has a higher compressive strength,
improves the strength of corrugated cardboard products, and has the advantage of lessadverse influence on adhesion property during molding of corrugated cardboard.

Rosin Sizing System with Reduced Alum Dosage for Linerboard
Kenichiro Yokota, Takuya Kawamura, Takuya Yamashiro and Takahiro Tanaka
Paper Chemicals Development, R&D Center, R&D Company, Harima Chemicals,Inc.
On the papermaking system of linerboard, it has become more difficult to achieve an effectof internal additives due to increase of waste paper which contains high calcium carbonate,highly-closed water system and increase of machine speed. Also, reduction of chemical costhas been strongly demanded, and thus more and more cost-effective chemicals is in need.
Alum is one of the most cost-effective fixing agent as well as it has the effect of deposit
control and fixing internal additives. Although it is very important of anionic sizing system,
excessive usage of alum could cause problems such as scale issue of calcium sulfate andincrease of conductivity which bring negative impact on the other additives. For thesereason, it is necessary to reduce alum to optimize wet-end chemical system, but this is
obviously disadvantage for anionic rosin sizing agents.
On the other hand, neutral sizing agent such as AKD and ASA can maintain good sizing
even under low alum condition because of low dependence on alum dosage. However, rosin
sizing is considered to be much better in terms of paper runnability and paper quality
because these sizing agents may cause slipping and deposit trouble.
To solve these problems, we developed "Co-mingle®", new sizing system, and “Harsize
CES series” which can maximize efficiency on this system. This technology is based on our
experience as a leading rosin sizing supplier. Co-mingle® can perform even low alum
condition on paper board production in contrast to conventional system. In this report, wegive a detail of Co-mingle® and Harsize CES series. And we would like to introduce our new
total wet-end chemical system for low alum condition.
Development and characteristic of latest forming fabric for board machine
Suguru Watanabe
Technical Dept. PMC・EF In-House Company

Nippon Filcon Co.,Ltd

A Forming Fabric is necessary and integral for modern papermaking machines,
performing three main functions: 1) draining pulp slurry; 2) forming the sheet; and 3)
transporting the sheet to the press section. Adequate sheet formation is one of the greatest
concerns of papermakers, because it affects most of the sheet qualities. Recently, highquality and high productivity have both become top requirements of papermakers. Papermachines have evolved, increasing in size and speed. To meet the current demands ofpapermakers and the latest machines, forming fabrics have evolved as well.
The global boom of internet shopping (and shipping) has increased paperboard demand as
packing and wrapping demand have increased. One consequence of the increased demand isthat furnish quality can be inconsistent, thus affecting board machine operation.
Paperboard makers seek “trouble-free” wire to improve operation and production
efficiency due to today’s market demands and increased machine speeds. To meet the latest
demand of the board making industry FILCON engineers have developed a new wire
structure for paperboard machines called “N-CRAFT”. N-CRAFT is a new warp-self-binding
design that has the same excellent internal-wear resistance as the SAKURA and FUJI
series.
The most significant N-CRAFT improvement comes from redesigning the wire’s
machine-side structure, and using different diameters yarns for the upper and lower layersof the wire. With N-CRAFT’s advanced structural design we expect the following benefits: 1)
Improvement of operability (high dewaterability, reduction of fiber accumulation around themachine, improvement of wire life); 2) Reduction of drive load (wire elongation improvement
under high tension, reduction of bottom weft yarn friction); 3) Improvement of paper quality(improved formation and reduction of wire marks)
In this report, we introduce the features of N-CRAFT.

Development of mineral hybrid fiber from calcium carbonate and pulp using fluid-jet cavitation
Moe Fukuoka, Toru Nakatani and Shisei Goto
NPi Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Studies on the synthesis and characterization of a hybrid fiber (HF) consisting of
precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and cellulose fiber were conducted. The PCC-HF has
been prepared by modifying the carbon dioxide (CO2) method for PCC synthesis underhigh-pressure fluid-jet cavitation in hardwood bleached kraft pulp (HBKP) slurry. Scanningelectron microscopy (SEM) observations of the HF showed that almost all fiber surfaces
were covered with nano-size PCC particles. By using this PCC-HF as raw materials, thehandsheet containing more than 50 % PCC by weight with a high first-pass ash retention(greater than 80 %). Unlike ordinary paper such as printing paper, the sheet showedremarkable physical properties, such as high flexibility without crumbling despite extreme
high ash content. The SEM images from a cross section of the sheet containing 74 % PCC
revealed that a very little number of fibers embedded in PCC layer. This implied that thebonding mechanism of HF sheet was different from ordinary paper. In order to clarify themechanism, the slurry of PCC-HF for handsheet making was separated into two fractions,long fibers and fines, by using the Dynamic Drainage Analyzer (DDA). It was found that thenano-size PCC was attached onto not only the surfaces of the long fibers but also those offiber fines. Thus, the PCC-hybrid fiber fines contributed sheet properties and high ash
retention.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 12

CONTENTS

December 2019Vol. 73, No. 12

Environment
1
3
8
13
19
24
33
49
53
63

A Report of the 26th Environmental Conference……Environmental Technical Committee，JAPAN TAPPIIntroduction of River Systems―Some Idea for Rainwater Drainage Systems―……Hiroaki Oka

Japanʼs Highest Aerator/Agitator……Naonori Tsunehiro
Deodorant ‘DEOMAGIC’ Harmonize with the Stench, Arise Fragrance……Yutaka Tsujimoto

Efforts to Reduce the Use of PRTR Substances by Switching Boiler Treatment
Chemicals……Shinei Furuse, Shojiro Sakai, Yoshitaka Ito and Yusuke Kondo
Points of Amended Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act……Makoto Nakashima

Explanation of the Latest Legal Revision Concerning Waste―Waste Management in the Era of Circular Economy―……Hironao Sakamoto

Low–Concentration PCB Waste Disposal in the DOWA group―Trends in Coatings and Other Contaminants―……Masayuki Suzuki and Keita Horioka

Behind the Scenes of the SDG No. 14―Proper Treatment of Waste Plastic and Resource Circulation―……Masashi Hosoda

Accelerate BCP Response by Visualization and Real–time Disaster Prevention
Information―To Prepare for Natural Disasters―……Astushi Nakagawa
Topics & Information

68

Improvement of Wastewater Treatment Capability by Fluidized Bed Type
Biological Method―PVA Sponge Bio Carrier Y–CUBE®―……Seiichi Nomachi and Yukihiro Fujita

73

The Action Plan for Prevention of Industrial Accidents and the 59th National
Conference of the Paper and Pulp Industry on Safety and Health……Tai Komiyama

Introduction of Research Laboratories（131）80

Science of Polymeric Materials, Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate
School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo

Research Report（Original Paper）

83

Characterization of TEMPO–Oxidized and Refined Pulps（Part 2）……Yukinori Kobayashi, Yasutomo Noishiki, Manabu Yamamoto, Tsuguyuki Saito and Akira
Isogai

03
79
82
94

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

98
102
111
112
114

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association-001-002_12月号(18)目次.indd 2

19/11/11 15:13

2019 December JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.73, No.12 Abstracts
Introduction of River Systems-Some idea for rainwater drainage systemsHiroaki Oka
Environment Consultant (JEMAI)
If we carefully observe the rainwater drainage channels, waterways and thedischarging rivers of the factory or business premises, we can recognize the threeriver functions of erosion, transportation, and deposition.
This paper reports the results of the river survey on the Ganges tributary in
Nepal. Then, various behaviors of river will be presented; including floods surveyed
in the past such as Kinu River and finally explain basic knowledge of the river
systems.
Japan's highest Aeration Stirrer
Naonori Tsunehiro
Hanshin engineering Co., Ltd.
The AQUARATOR has greatly improved the energy efficiency of aeration by
dividing the power source of the two major functions of aeration, “air supply
function” and “stirring aeration function”, and making the latter a rational
underwater machine. It can be used as an anaerobic / aerobic underwater stirrer.
In addition to the standard activated sludge method, it is easy to select treatment
systems such as anaerobic / aerobic activated sludge method, intermittent aeration
method, and batch type.
Depending on the situation and purpose, either one of the air supply function andthe stirring aeration function, or both can be controlled at the same time, so that it
can cope with large load fluctuations.
It describes the characteristics of the AQUARATOR, the problems of the existing
diffuser, the update from the existing diffuser, the introduction of the AQUARATOR,
and the comparison with the existing diffuser.
Deodorant‘DEOMAGIC’harmonize with the stench, arise fragrance.
Yutaka Tsujimoto
Shikibo Ltd.
‘DEOMAGIC’ is a new deodorant develop by Shikibo.Ltd. It showed good effect forthe odor which difficultly be removed by ordinary deodorant. ‘DEOMAGIC’ wasdeveloped by use the mechanism of perfume. By harmonizing with bad odor,‘DEOMAGIC’ can change the odor to good smell.
Efforts to reduce the use of PRTR substances by switching boiler treatment chemicals
Shinei Furuse, Shojiro Sakai and Yoshitaka Ito ,Iwanuma Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Yusuke Kondo
NAIGAI CHEMICAL PRODUCTS CO., LTD
As one of our Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities, we efforts to reduce
environmental load, and reduction of Pollutant Release and Transfer Register(PRTR) substances is regarded as an important issue.
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. Iwanuma Mill had used the PRTR substancessuch as hydrazine and cyclohexylamine as boiler treatment chemicals in black
liquor recovery boiler, but we switched to “Amine-carboxylate treatment” which is
not regulated in PRTR.
As a result, the boiler has stably operated for five years, and inside the boiler
drum and turbine blade have been improved preferable condition.
On the other hand, higher pressure plants still use the PRTR substances, and we
think that switching of boiler treatment chemicals for these plants should beconsidered.
Points of Amended Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act
Makoto Nakashima
Disaster Risk Reduction and Environment SBU, Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd.
A low amending part of the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act was fully
enforced on April 1, 2019. In this amendment, in order to realize appropriate risk
management of soil contamination, expansion of the land subject to “SoilContamination Investigation”, establishment of regulations for the prefectural
governor to request submission of the plan of “Action for Removal, etc”, andrationalization of regulations according to risk have been implemented.
In the expansion of the land subject to the Soil Contamination Investigation,
the scale of the “Changes to the Form of Nature Land” that may be subject toinvestigation order has been strengthened from over 3000m2 to over 900m2 when
“Changes to the Form of Nature of Land” are carried on the site of a plant orworkplace where had used or are using “Specified Facilities” using “DesignatedHazard Substances”.
In the establishment of regulations that prefectural governor require
submission of “Report of Plan of the Action for Removal, etc.”, it has been newly
required that the owner, manager or occupant of land submit “Report of Plan of the
Action for Removal, etc”, “Construction Completion Report” and “Action Completion
Report” of the Action for Removal, etc. to prefectural governor and receive
confirmation.
Rationalization of regulations according to risk is carried out in various
situations such as implementation of Soil Contamination Investigation,“Designation of Area which Requires Action, etc.”, Action of Removal, etc.,“Carrying-Out of Contaminated Soil” to the outside of the Area which Requires
Action, etc., and processing of removed contaminated soil.
It is noteworthy that the amended act has taken into consideration the use ofnaturally contaminated soil and contaminated reclamation soil of public water
surface area.
Explanation of the latest legal revision concerning waste-Waste management in the era of circular economyHironao Sakamoto
ENVIPRO HOLDINGS Inc.
The following is explained as waste management in the circular economy.
①Trends in G20 climate change countermeasures and marine plastic waste
countermeasures② Problems related to resource recycling such as global resource consumption,
plastic production, China and other waste plastic import regulations, marine
microplastic problems③ Environmental regeneration by promoting proper disposal of waste④ The Fluorocarbon Emission Control Law has been revised to improve therecovery rate of chlorofluorocarbons at the time of disposal of equipment.
⑤ Fourth cycle basic plan (integrated efforts with the creation of a sustainable
society, regional revitalization through the formation of a regional symbiotic sphere,
thorough resource circulation throughout the life cycle)

Low-concentration PCB waste disposal in the DOWA group-Trends in coatings and other contaminantsMasayuki Suzuki
Keita Horioka
ECOSYSTEM-JAPAN Co.,Ltd.
PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl) toxicity has been widely recognized by society
since the 1968 “Kanemi Oilosis Incident”, and the “Manufacturing of PCBs in
accordance with the Law Concerning the Examination of Chemical Substances andProduction Regulations” enacted in 1974 In principle, imports were prohibited.
In 2001, the “Special Measures Law for Promotion of Proper Treatment of
Polychlorinated Biphenyl Waste (PCB Special Measures Law)” was enacted, andhigh-concentration PCB waste was treated as a treatment facility of Intermediate
Storage and Environmental Safety Corporation (JESCO). Chemical treatment isunderway in Japan, and the treatment deadline will be reached step by step.
On the other hand, in the year following the enforcement of the PCB Special
Measures Law (2002), PCBs were included in the insulation oil of electricalequipment that was originally said not to use PCB, exceeding the standard value of
0.5 mg / kg (0.5 ppm). The existence of what has been found.
In November 2009, the Ministry of the Environment positioned these as “micro
PCB-contaminated waste electrical equipment, etc.”, and so far, they have been
detoxified by incineration or cleaning at private industrial waste treatment
facilities.
In August 2012, PCB contaminants with a PCB concentration of 5,000 mg / kg
(0.5%) or less (waste containing low-concentration PCB) were also added to thetreatment objects, and these were collectively called “low-concentration PCB
waste”.
As of the end of June 2019, 34 companies were certified as detoxification
treatment facilities by the Minister of the Environment, and 5 facilities werelicensed by prefectural governors for detoxification treatment of low-concentration
PCB waste.
This paper introduces the efforts to detoxify low-concentration PCB waste in the
DOWA Ecosystem Group, which started in 2006, and the detoxification treatment of
PCB contaminants such as PCB-containing coatings, which have recently been
attracting attention.
Behind the Scenes of the SDG No.14
Proper Treatment of Waste Plastic and Resource Circulation
Masashi Hosoda
Network Management and Empowerment TeamECO STAFF JAPAN Co.,Ltd.
Treatment of waste plastic and recycling problems have become a top-priority
issue to be resolved not only in Japan, but also around the world. Ecostaff Japan, acompany which operates a network of superior industrial waste treatment andrecycling with recycling companies nationwide, has established linkage withindustry, government and academia, including central government offices, amid its
ties with waste treatment and recycling sites and waste-generating companies inregions across Japan. This lecture will outline future prospects while collecting
information on the latest trends amid uncertainty over the flow and destinations ofwaste plastic in Japan emanating from resource import restrictions in China.

Accelerate BCP response by visualization and real-time disaster prevention information-To prepare for natural disastersAstushi Nakagawa
Kokusai Kogyo Co.,Ltd.
In Japan, large-scale natural disasters such as the Great Hanshin-Awaji
Earthquake and the Great East Japan Earthquake frequently occur and have agreat influence on corporate activities.
There were many examples of impacts on business continuity of companies due tosupply chain damage, large-scale blackouts, etc. resulting in production stoppage,
shipment stoppage, and suspension of business. In addition, large-scale earthquake
predictions such as earthquakes directly below the Tokyo metropolitan area andTokai, Tonankai, and Nankai 3 linked earthquakes have increased social
consciousness and increased corporate awareness of business continuity.
In the BCP established by companies, “maintenance of employee safety
confirmation methods (introduction of services)” is the mainstream, followed by“distribution of suppliers / suppliers”, “distribution of production / distribution
bases”, “alternative suppliers / purchases” “Securing customers, subcontractors andsales locations” is being focused on as a priority item. These are all matters thathave had a significant impact on business continuity due to recent natural disasters.
Therefore, quickly grasping the damage situation of this "supplier / supplier /production base / distribution base / alternative production base / subcontractor /sales location" is very important for quickly determining the impact on business
continuity. It is important.
However, most companies still collect information related to business continuity,
such as damage confirmation notifications to their facilities, affiliated companies,
and business partners. For this reason, there is a growing need for greater efficiency
through digitization and automation, which is expected to be introduced in the
future.
In this article, we will introduce examples of BCP / BCM support tools that havebecome increasingly interested in recent earthquakes and heavy rain disasters.
Improvement of Wastewater Treatment Capability by Fluidized Bed Type Biological
Method-PVA Sponge Bio Carrier Y-CUBE®Seiichi Nomachi
Sales Dept. YUKIGAYA CHEMICAL INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd.
Recently, industrial circles including paper manufacturing have problems ofwastewater treatment, such as an increase in water volume, fluctuation in water
quality, aging of existing facilities, and response to strengthening regulations on
wastewater. As solution for these problems, it is thought that the fluidized bed typebiological method is one of effective means, but there is a big difference in thetreatment performance of the facility depends on functionality of bio carrier.
The PVA sponge bio carrier "Y-CUBE®" has high functionality in terms ofhydrophilicity, abrasion resistance and microbial adhesion, which is essential
performance as bio carrier owing to characteristics of PVA and special open-cellstructure. We have introduced “Y-CUBE®” to companies in various fields such as
paper, food, cosmetics and electronic products. In this paper, we introduce theproduct features of "Y-CUBE®", examples of introduction in the paper mill andcomparative evaluation results with representative polyurethane bio carrier assponge type products.
"Y-CUBE®" not only has excellent wastewater treatment performance comparedwith polyurethane bio carrier, but also high response to fluctuation of wastewater
quality. Recent paper manufacturing industry has been forced to produce small
quantities of many kinds due to diversification of products. This trend will continue

in the future. Because this is directly linked to fluctuations in the quality of
wastewater, it is an urgent task for paper mills to develop wastewater treatment
facilities that are highly responsive to fluctuations. We are convinced that
"Y-CUBE®" will be able to help as a solution to that problem.

Characterization of TEMPO-Oxidized and Refined Pulps (Part 2)
Yukinori Kobayashi
Pulp and Paper Innovation Center, Oji Holdings Corporation
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
Yasutomo Noishiki and Manabu Yamamoto
Pulp and Paper Innovation Center, Oji Holdings Corporation
Tsuguyuki Saito and Akira Isogai
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
Hardwood bleached kraft pulp was oxidized using a TEMPO/NaBr/NaClO system
to prepare two TEMPO-oxidized pulps (TOPs) with similar amounts of aldehydegroups but different amounts of carboxy groups. The original pulp and TOPs wererefined using a PFI mill at various revolution numbers, and the influence of refining
conditions on the fundamental properties of TOP sheets was investigated. The
tensile strength of TOP sheets was higher than that of the original pulp sheet
prepared using the same PFI mill revolution numbers. Refining of TOPs
significantly improved wet tensile strength of the TOP sheets, whereas the original
pulp did not exhibit such effect by refining. A clear relationship existed between thewet strength and the amount of aldehyde groups in the pulps. These results can be
explained by the formation of hemiacetal linkages between the hydroxy andaldehyde groups at the interfiber bonds in the sheets, which resulted in the increasein the wet strength of the TOP sheets. These results also indicated that refining isbeneficial for improving wet tensile strength when TOPs are used for papermaking.