JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

1

January 2022

Vol. 76, No. 1

The Special Issue of the 64th―2021 JAPAN TAPPI Annual Meeting
6

Technical Report

Keynote Speech

The 64th―2021 JAPAN TAPPI Annual Meeting
A New Leap in the Pulp and Paper Industry―Challenge to Promote Innovation and Accelerate Transformation―……Fumio Shindo

29 BTG High Performance Creping Blade with Yankee Coating Visualization
System……Ryohei Watanabe, Mamoru Ochi, Hirotake Saito and Soon Hin Loo
33 Energy Savings by Newly Developed Conical Refiner for Stock Preparation……Masaharu Menjo

37 Analysis of Phase Transfer of Thermal Chemicals in Linerless Thermal Labels……Masahiro Morie

41 Thickness Reduction Control System on RB, Using Immersion UT Inspection
Technology……Yoshihiro Kondo
46 Introduction of Toscotec S.p.A……Masahiro Yamaguchi
53 Key Points for Creating and Operating a Pest Management Strategy……Tomohiro Ohba

58 Safety Monitoring Solution for Factory Workers “Anzen Mimamori kun” andIntroduction to Smart Factories……Ai Yuasa
Topics & Information

63 Revolutions in the History of Civilization Induced by Paper

Part 12：The Birth of Paperboard and Fading Trail……Kiyoaki Iida

71 An Essay on Methodology for Innovating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”

Part 18（final issue）：A Short Thesis on Comparative Analysis of Journals for Relative
Evaluation of the Japan TAPPI Journal……Fumihiko Onabe

03
75
76

Committee report
Coffee break
Papyrus

81
87
96
97
98

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 January JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.1 Abstracts

BTG high performance creping blade with Yankee coating visualization system
Ryohei Watanabe , Mamoru Ochi, Hirotake Saito and Soon Hin Loo
Voith Turbo Co., LTD. BTG Japan
Sanitary tissue market has changed since COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. It has not been easy to go to
public space and people are staying in home. Demand of toilet roll for public facilities has declined. On
the other hand, demand of Household paper is increasing and toilet roll become longer because of
reducing environmental impact. Even though product specification has changed for home use, Improving
productivity and stabilizing quality are the most important challenge for Sanitary tissue manufacturer.
Coating layer condition on the Yankee surface is one of the most important factor of crepe quality andproductivity. Almost all operators depend on experiences and intuitions of yankee master, because there
was no way to measure and check it. Steel blade tends to change crepe quality and bulkiness because of
low wear resistance. Then frequent blade change prevents rising productivity.
BTG developed and optimized Vigilance(Yankee coating visualization system) and Duroblade(Highperformance creping blade) for Japanese Sanitary tissue manufacturer. Vigilance is not just a vibration
monitoring system, but it can analyze and classify a cause of vibration. Finally, it visualizes the coating
layer condition and make the machine stable. Duroblade is not only high wear resistance creping blade,but also making high quality crepe & stable bulkiness products, Reducing edge build up & paper dust,
Making Stable bulkiness products and coating layer condition.
Specification and Solution of Vigilance and Duroblade are reported in this article.

Energy savings by newly developed conical refiner for stock preparation
Masaharu Menjo
Valmet K. K.
In this paper, a newly developed conical refiner is briefly described. The electricity consumed byrefining is considered as about 20 % of all electricity for one paper machine. Therefore, effective ideas toreduce energy consumption by refining would be attractive. In Japan, double disc refiners are mainly
used as a refiner for stock preparation. To reduce energy consumed by double disc refiners, refiner plateswith function of energy savings are widely adopted. The refiner plates with smaller diameter of refiningzone enables to reduce no-load power of refiners. In terms of no-load power, conical refiners are superior
from double disc refiners, because rotating refiner plates have smaller diameters which can lead to lower
no-load power. Valmet has been selling conical refiners (product name : OptiFiner RF) to all over theworld since 1983. While refining pulp, some of pulp remain in grooves of refiner plates all the way up to
the outlet of refiners and these pulp result in unrefined pulp. This phenomenon happens to double discrefiners as well as conventional conical refiners and it is clear that the refining efficiency for these 2
refiners is not high. To improve the refining efficiency, Valmet has developed a new type of conical refinerwith brand-new refining mechanism and the first product was commercialized in 2010. The new conicalrefiner (product name : OptiFiner Pro) is excellent regarding energy savings and has been sold morethan 100 refiners worldwide. In Japan, 4 refiners were sold so far. In this paper, the new conical refinerwith new refining mechanism and the first reference in Japan are briefly explained.

Analysis of phase transfer of thermal chemicals in linerless thermal labels
Masahiro Morie
Material Analysis Center, Innovation Promotion Division, Oji Holdings Corp.
Thermal paper is made by applying a coating layer containing a colorless leuco dye and a color
developer dispersed in fine particles on a paper base material, and when heat is partially applied to thecoated surface, it becomes a leuco dye at that location. The color developer melts and comes into contact
with each other, causing a chemical reaction to develop color. In addition, a sensitizer or an ultraviolet
absorber that accelerates color development is used according to the specifications.
Normally, the thermal label is attached to the release paper after applying an adhesive to the backsurface of the thermal paper, but the linerless thermal label is directly attached by providing a releaselayer on the thermal surface side of the adhesive-processed top paper for the thermal label. Since they
are combined, there are merits such as no need for release paper, reduction of waste, and the length ofthe label roll can be increased with the same diameter.
During the development of this linerless thermal label, when an acrylic emulsion-based adhesive,
which is also used in ordinary thermal labels, was used, a case of desensitization (decrease in print
density) occurred. Since there were no cases of occurrence with ordinary thermal labels, the direction of
improvement could not be determined. Therefore, it was decided to analyze whether or not the thermal
chemical components had changed before and after desensitization.

Thickness Reduction Control System on RB, Using Immersion UT Inspection Technology
Yoshihiro Kondo
Niigata Mill, Hokuetsu Corporation Co. Ltd
Hokuetsu Corp. has been engaged in the“ Minimum Impact” that reduces the burdens on theenvironment through the company growth. With biomass energy and the latest technology available, wewill take on the challenge of achieving zero CO2 emissions by 2050.In June 2021,we took the ISO45001
certification that manages the occupational safety and health, with our company being the first to do soin the paper industry. We target to achieve SDGs by fulfilling safe and reliable work environment. To
fulfill the target we set, running the large-scale Recovery Boiler (RB) safely and securely at the central
key plant, Niigata Mill, is essential. In this paper, we will introduce the mill standards in managing andmaintaining the soundness of boiler tubes on RB.

Introduction of Toscotec S.p.A
Masahiro Yamaguchi
Sales department, Voith IHI Paper Technology Co.,Ltd.
VOITH Group in December 2019, with the aim of strength the competitive position of both Companies
and increase the products and services of VOITH portfolio, in line with the growing demand of paper andtissue products of high quality. TOSCOTEC, thanks to its experience in tissue, is the VOITH global
platform for the new tissue plants and machines rebuilding. The TOSCOTEC wide range of machines
portfolio, the high level of technical solutions and the support that can be provided to the Customers forthe consumption and quality optimization is an additional value for the Customer that is not looking
only to a simple Supplier, but to a Partner for its new business investment.

Key points for creating and operating a pest management strategy
Tomohiro Ohba
Earth Environmental Service Co., Ltd
For effective pest control, it is important to thoroughly consider the problems of your own factory andcreate an original management strategy for each factory. Since the purpose of pest control is to prevent
insect contamination in products, management strategies need to be developed based on insect
contamination scenarios and risk assessments. Risk-based strategies help explain the need for costs tomanagement and enable effective cost allocation.
For effective operation of pest management strategies, it is necessary for employees to understand andcooperate with pest management. Therefore, education and improvement activities are required. ESCOWEB learning and ESCOEVO are services that support education, information sharing, andcommunication, and are tools that support the operation of pest management strategies.
Management strategies should be regularly reviewed from the perspective of prevention of insect
contamination on products. If the expected effect is not obtained, it is necessary to review the insect
contamination scenario and risk assessment.

Safety monitoring solution for factory workers"Anzen Mimamori kun" and introduction to smart factories
Ai Yuasa
IoX Solution Business Promotion Department, NS Solutions Corporation
In this paper I introduce safety monitoring system for factory workers provided by NS Solutions
Corporation, use cases in each industry, and our concept of smart factory centered on safety management
system.

Revolutions in the history of civilization induced by paper
Part 12: The birth of paperboard and fading trail
Kiyoaki Iida
In the 1800s, Japan was fairly literate and they enjoyed many kinds of publications, printed by woodblock, of which topics ranged from history and pharmacy to entertainment. Paper was also used in many
ways like paper clothes, fittings of a house, household goods and amour, and was in the age of its maturity.
China was also in the matured stage of publishing, and used paper in many ways like in Japan. Theirsocial innovativeness, however, was rather stagnant.
Europe, on the other hand, was changing itself by experiencing successive movements such as theReformation, Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution, to which paper and movable typo printing
it had invented played a significant role、In the 19th century, their economy (GDP) started to increaseat the rate triple to quadruple of the earlier age. Rail way was invented of which mileage was expandingat the rate more than 10 % a year, and people moved around and goods were transported more than ever.
The demand for paper was also growing which stimulated technical developments. Paper machine
was invented, which was growing to larger and faster- running one (at the increasing rate of 3 % a year),and straw pulp became available. Finally, wood could be pulped in the 1850s. As paper became common,
Europe that had used paper mostly for printing, started to apply it for many ways. One of them waspackaging of goods for transport, which were wrapping paper and paper boxes.
Then, the 1900s began, and America that became rich built a society of mass-production and massconsumption. For better marketing, they used wrapping paper and paper boxes printed by lithographythat afforded free design of images. To transport goods efficiently, they invented corrugated boxes. Theirsystem spread in the world and a new application of paper, paperboard, arose and its volume became aslarge as that of conventional paper.
The technological progresses after the Industrial Revolution invented new kinds of media for handlinginformation based on digital technology and the volume of information on them is increasing
exponentially, at far grater rate than that of paper. The consumption of paper as a carrier of information
started to decline for the first time in its history, and its ratio in the whole information is drasticallydecreasing.
How to secure the maintenance and persistence of the new digital system is the subject of our present
civilization.

An Essay on Methodology for Innovating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Part 18（final issue） : A Short Thesis on Comparative Analysis of Journals for Relative Evaluation of theJapan TAPPI Journal
Fumihiko Onabe
Professor Emeritus,The University of Tokyo(Paper Science)With a view to relative evaluation of the Japan TAPPI Journal from global perspectives, thecharacteristics of the Japan TAPPI Journal was compared with US’s TAPPI Journal in a variety of ways.
The significant difference is the medium for communication, i.e., paper-based Japan TAPPI Journal anddigital-based TAPPI Journal.
The eighteenth article will conclude this series in terms of “comparison with overseas journals”. The
overall contents are described as below.
1. Introduction
2. Author’s experiences of subscribing overseas journals
3. The organization of US’s TAPPI
4. The organization of Japan TAPPI
5. The differences between US’s TAPPI Journal and the Japan TAPPI Journal
6. The ways to extend the domain of the Japan TAPPI
7. Expectations for the future developments of the Japan TAPPI Journal
8. Epilogue

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

2

February 2022

Vol. 76, No. 2

CNF
1 Manufacturing and Application Development of Phosphorylated Cellulose
Nanofibers……Mizuki Sakurai
6 Characteristics and Applications of Xanthated Cellulose Nanofiber……Kouju Sugiyama

10

All‒Cellulose Structural Material……Junji Nemoto, Shota Fukushima, Atsushi Tamura,
Masahiko Uchiyama, Katsuji Kasahara and Hideki Okada

13

Characteristics of Bamboo‒ and Wood‒derived Cellulose Nanofibrils Produced
by Aqueous Counter Collision……Tsubasa Tsuji

18

TEMPO‒oxidized Pulp Related Products in Nippon paper Industries：―Expanding the Utilization Technology of Chemically Modified Cellulose Not Only for CNF―……Takeshi Nakatani

Topics & Information

23
27

Paragon Winding―Our Revolutionary Patent‒pending Winding Technology―……Taihei Kashibe

Introduction on How KAWANOE Realizes “Together with Our Customers”
Utilizing Our Pilot Plants and the Tissue Machine for Hygienic Paper……Masaya Onishi

31
37
46

Andritz Tissue Pilot Machine……Satoshi Konishi
Revolutions in the History of Civilization Induced by Paper

The Summary of the Series：Part 1……Kiyoaki Iida

Trends in Nanocellulose Related Standards……Eiji Kojima

Introduction of Research Laboratories（143）62

Packaging Technology Team, Environmental Materials Group, Industrial
Research Center, Aichi Center for Industry and Science Technology

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（93）65Kochi Mill, Nippon Paper Papylia Co., Ltd.

03
61
64
68

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

71
78
91
92
94

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid‒open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 February JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.2 Abstracts

Manufacturing and Application Development of Phosphorylated Cellulose Nanofibers
Mizuki Sakurai
Innovation Promotion Division, Oji Holdings Corporation
In order to realize a sustainable society, multifaceted utilization of woody biomass is expected. Amongthem, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are attracting attention as a new nanomaterial derived from cellulose,
one of the major components of trees. We have established a unique CNFs production method byintroducing phosphate groups to the hydroxyl groups of some of the cellulose molecules in wood pulp andmechanically processing the resulting phosphorylated pulp. The obtained phosphorylated CNFs werecompletely nanosized (about 3 nm in width) with high yield, and its aqueous dispersion was highly
transparent, highly viscous, and stable at pH 3–11. The aqueous dispersion of phosphorylated CNFs canbe dehydrated and dried to form transparent CNFs sheets with densely intertwined CNFs. This sheet
has high transparency, strength, and thermal dimensional stability, and at the same time, it has paperlike flexibility. In order to promote the practical use of this technology, we are currently operating ademonstration plant for the production of phosphorylated CNFs aqueous dispersions andphosphorylated CNF sheets. As the first stage of practical application, the aqueous dispersion ofphosphorylated CNFs are used as a thickening agent for cosmetics and a leading agent for concrete
pumping, and the sheet is used as a material for table tennis rackets. Furthermore, by modifying thefunctional group, the phosphorylated CNFs could be dispersed in organic solvents. The modified CNFs
can be converted into powder, and its solvent dispersion has the sametransparency and viscosity as water
dispersion. This has increased the applicability to solvent-based applications. We will continue to takeadvantage of the features of phosphorylated CNFs to develop further applications.
Characteristics and Applications of Xanthated Cellulose Nanofiber
Kouju Sugiyama
Cellulose Materials Research Department, Central Laboratry, Rengo co., Ltd.
Our company, Rengo, found that xanthated cellulose nanofiber（XCNF）with a diameter of about 310 nm can be generated efficiently by controlling mercerization and sulfurization conditions. Suchobtained XCNF can be easily converted to a non-substituted cellulose nanofiber (RCNF) form bytreating XCNF with either heat or acid1). As RCNF, our product have extremely small in diameter andwith high transparency. Moreover, since it is still cellulose, its heat resistance is almost same as normal
pulps. Furthermore, RCNF slurry exhibited emulsifying performance for many oily substance2）,3）.
Based on these characteristics of RCNF, various applications are under development. In thispresentation, we reports about making method of RCNF drying thing, the heat resistance and the
addition effect to polyurethane.
All-Cellulose Structural Material
Junji Nemoto, Shota Fukushima and Atsushi Tamura
Performance Materials Development Office, Hokuetsu Corporation
Masahiko Uchiyama, Katsuji Kasahara and Hideki Okada
Industrial Research Institute of Niigata Prefecture
Vulcanized fiber is a robust all-cellulose material in which cellulose micro fibers are adhered withcellulose nanofibers (CNFs). In order to expand the potential of this all-cellulose material as a structural
material, we investigated adhesives and press molding. The values of adhesive strength of commerciallyavailable adhesives and a conventional metal rivet were 0.7 to 8.5 N/mm2 and 2.4 N/mm2, respectively.
A hot melt adhesive could bond the materials by irradiating ultrasonic waves only for 1 second and thehighest adhesive strength was 2.9 N/mm2. Furthermore, a small string of the all-cellulose material could
be used as a bonding material like a stapler, showing the strength of 4.0 N/mm2. In press molding, by
optimizing the conditions on both the press and the material, wrinkle-free molded products wereobtained. In conclusion, we could expand the processing technology and possibility of this all-cellulosematerial as a structural material.

Characteristics of Bamboo- and Wood-derived Cellulose Nanofibrils
Produced by Aqueous Counter Collision
Tsubasa Tsuji
Research & Development Dept.，Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co.，Ltd.
The surface characteristics of materials provide significant information for design and feasible
applications. Especially, the anisotropic surfaces of materials are expected to have great potential asbuilding blocks for self-assembly due to the unique surface characteristics and have inspired widespread
applications in various fields. Therefore, it is required the understanding and evaluation of the surface
characteristic of materials.
The surface characteristics of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) produced by aqueous counter collision (ACC),
which called ACC-CNFs, were focused in this study. ACC-CNFs were assumed to have amphiphilic
surfaces due to exposure of both hydrophobic faces derived from glucopyranose rings and hydrophilic
faces derived from hydroxyl groups on their surfaces. ACC-CNFs are likely to exhibit specific phenomena
because of their anisotropic two faces with different physicochemical properties, which are individuallypresent along the entire single fiber axis in aqueous systems. In previous studies, it was also found that
ACC method provided CNFs with different surface characteristics from various cellulosic raw materials
having different hierarchical structures depending on their species.
In this study, surface characteristics of ACC-CNFs derived from Bamboo bleached kraft pulps(BBKPs) and Leaf bleached kraft pulps (LBKPs) were evaluated. To evaluate amphiphilic surfaces of
ACC-CNFs, degree of hydrophobicity on ACC-CNFs was quantitatively determined by measuring
monolayer adsorptive amounts of Congo red (CR), which is the site-specific probe for the hydrophobic
planes of cellulose crystalline surfaces. Occupied area ratio of CR was calculated from monolayer
adsorption amounts of CR, specific surface area of ACC-CNFs, and cross-sectional area of CR. As a result,degree of hydrophobicity on ACC-BBKPs was higher than that on ACC-LBKPs. Furthermore, thedegree of hydrophobicity was corresponded to thermal decomposition and emulsification properties of
ACC-CNFs. Thus, these results indicate that the starting raw material species of ACC-CNFs affect theirhydrophobic surfaces and characteristics. It is expected by these understanding that more feasible
material design for advanced materials will be possible in a wide range of field utilizing the ACC-CNFs.
TEMPO-oxidized pulp related products in Nippon paper Industries:-Expanding the utilization technology of chemically modified cellulose not only for CNFTakeshi Nakatani
Nippon paper Industries Co., LTD
Since people’s interest in the environmental problem has grown significantly over the recent years, it
is widely expected that low carbon society or sustainable society will be implemented. Pulp or paper
products are expected to become an alternative materials of current fossil fuel based products, because
biomass are sustainable which repeat planting and harvesting. Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
provides wide variety of biomass based products by adding novel function to wood based paper or paper
pulp. Cellulose nanofiber and the related products are also one category of these biomass based products.
TEMPO oxidized pulp, which is one of the intermediate products of CNF, has several unique features
such as high reactivity to metal iron and ammonium ion, excellent handling character like wood pulp,
and possibility of wide variety of utilization.
In this paper, 3 types of utilization patterns will be introduced, ① Hydrophobic modified cellulose,② Metal ion doped cellulose which adsorb highly (8～20% higher than normal pulp) metal ion on thesurface of pulp, ③ Microfibril cellulose (MFC) which control fibrillation degree for the appropriate
physical properties.

Paragon winding- Our revolutionary patent-pending winding technologyTaihei Kashibe
Paper Converting Machine Company Far East Inc. Japan Branch
PCMC's New Surface Rewinder “Paragon”provides unmatched simplicity, productivity, and productquality for premium tissue products. It is designed based on our Forte Rewinder what has an uniquewinding technology.
Some of technologies and contents introduced in this paper include patent information, so we are sorrythat we cannot disclose all of them, but we hope that you will be interested in these innovative andepoch-making technologies.
Some familiar technologies that has been followed from the conventional model are included in thesenewness designs, and each parts are rigorously designed to reduce concerns from operators andmaintenance personnel due to complexity.
We would like to thank you for this opportunity to introduce us to a wonderful technology to meet thedemands of the market.
Introduction on how KAWANOE realizes “together with our customers” utilizing our pilot plants and the tissue
machine for hygienic paper
Masaya Onishi
Kawanoe Zoki Co., Ltd.
Due to recent heightened awareness of sanitation generated from COVID-19 outbreak, we as amachine supplier have responded to the customer’s needs such as capital investment in increased
production of hygienic paper products including towel paper.
In the paper making industry, paper as information media such as newspaper continues to decline,
while production facilities are shifting toward the increasing use of corrugated board and hygienic paper.
We offer a variety of paper machines, primarily for hygienic paper (household tissue paper) equipment,
to the converting machines. Under these circumstances, we have received orders and manufactured
hygienic paper production facilities that reflect the needs of the market, such as the BestFormer Yankee
paper machine for household tissue paper, IF-200 towel paper Inter Folder machine, and TR-8 toilet
winder.
In addition, in order to reflect customer demands on actual machines, we are preparing for a pilot
facility for a non-stop winder that can verify operation data assuming the production and actual
operation of prototypes that could not be handled until now, and is scheduled to begin its operation in
October of this year.
We are also researching and developing cellulose nanofiber, which is expected to be a next-generationmaterial, focusing mainly on its dewatering technology.
A pilot machine is produced together with Ehime University, etc., which we are collaborating, andfurther technology development is carried out based on the patents already obtained.

Andritz Tissue Pilot Machine
Satoshi Konishi
Andritz K.K.
Despite the global spread of the COVID 19 and the economic damage due to the virus, the global
market of tissue paper and hygiene products tends to grow. The growing demand will be met by existingtissue paper suppliers and the newcomers, but they must require the advantages of the types of products
and product quality to survive. And in recent years, the introduction of digital transformation and AI
technology in plants has made remarkable progress, becoming the key to factory efficiency.
This report introduces “PrimeLine TIAC” the most modern tissue pilot plant in the world. The plantis running in Graz, Austria since March 2018 to engage in our future theme. This machine can provide
as many as eight configurations in one machine, the customer will be able to do trials that match their
future vision. It can handle multiple requirements and purposes not only for tissue suppliers but also for
pulp suppliers, chemical suppliers, and clothing and filter fabric suppliers.
And, this pilot machine is controlled by PrimeControl E which is Andritz digital solutions. It canoperate as many as eight configurations in one control system, and save time, cost, and energy by the
optimization of monitoring with mobile devices and the predicting that equipment failure or malfunction.
As a result, the plant efficiency can increase. The OPP service optimizes the process performance bycollecting data continually, analyzing and proposing the improvement. It already has more than fifty
contract achievements in more than eleven countries.
We hope you will be useful this pilot machine for changing the products and developing the new
products.
Revolutions in the history of civilization induced by paper
The summary of the series：Part 1
Kiyoaki Iida
Until the paper was invented, letters were written on clay tablets and papyrus rolls for more than 3000
years and on bamboo slips for over 1000 years. Those media and letters on them, at their beginning,helped dynasties to administer territories, then gave birth to literature and philosophy in about 500
years and further contributed to development of physical and medical sciences by keeping various
records. The result accomplished by help of clay tablets and papyrus in 3000 years was Greek
civilization which prospered in Ancient Orient and Mediterranean coast, and the outcome by bamboo
slips was civilization of Han dynasty in China.
In around 100 A.D., a revolutionary process of making paper was invented in China. One of its technicaladvantages was to use, as raw material, several kinds of bast fiber as well as usual rags. The process
spread around, East Asia and South-east Asia using bast fiber which grew naturally there, and Central
Asia being dependent on rags. In about 500 years since the invention, tribes in those regions, having
paper in hands, created their own letters, and developed their own civilizations which were modified
from that of china. Buddhism took great part in the spread of paper and reformation of civilizations.
Japan was typical among them.
In the 8th century, Greek and Roman civilization was recorded on papyrus and parchment in Middle
East and Mediterranean coast. Tribes in Central Asia, and East and South-East Asia made record of
their own civilizations on paper they newly obtained.

Trends in Nanocellulose Related Standards
Eiji Kojima
Nanocellulose Japan, Standardization Subcommittee
Specific discussions on the standardization of nanocellulose began in 2005, when the new TC (TC 229:
Nanotechnologies) started its activities within ISO. In particular, the role of the American Technical
Association for Pulp and Paper (TAPPI) has been significant, and after holding a series of related workshops
to discuss the types of standards that may be needed and the schedule for their publication, the basic policy
was summarized in the form of Roadmap for the Development of International Standards for Nanocellulose(TAPPI-roadmap) published in 2011. After that, taking into account the policy of TAPPI-roadmap, thedevelopment of standards has been promoted in two systems, ISO/TC229 and ISO/TC6 (Paper, Board andPulps).
In this paper, the overall picture and each theory of the standards discussed in the TC229 and TC6 is
explained. In addition, ISO information necessary for a better understanding of nanocellulose relevant
standards is summarized. Lastly, the outline of the development process of ISO/TS 21346, which has beendeveloped by Japan's initiative, is presented in the hope that it will be useful for future standard development
activities in this field.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

3

March 2022

Vol. 76, No. 3

Process Control and Automation/IoT
2 General Review of 45th Pulp and Paper Process Control Symposium……Process Control and Automation Committee, JAPAN TAPPI

6 IoT Measures for Production Facilities with General-purpose AC Drives……Daisuke Okino

11

European Commission Energy-Related Products Ecodesign Directive andFujitsu’s Environmentally Conscious Design Regarding Electrical and Electric
Equipment……Tomoko Nagano, Satoru Arihara and Satomi Hirooka

18

Approach to Smart Maintenance with Digital Technology……Tomoyasu Akiba

22
27
32

Contribution to Carbon Neutrality through Optimization Technology……Michihisa Suzuki

The Time to Start Archiving the Operation Data and Its Full Leverage in Pulp
& Paper Industry at the “Big Data” Era……Yasuyoshi Iwase
Implementation of “Smart Factory 4.0” for the Paper Mills―Cost Benefits Achieved with Prediction Models and APC―……Nozomu Wada

39

Efforts to Make Maintenance Work Smarter……Hideyuki Ito43

Sharing and Early Resolution of Issues Through Digitalization of Operational
Information Toward DX……Nobutaka Maki

Topics & Information

50
59
64

Revolutions in the History of Civilization Induced by Paper

The Summary of the Series：Part 2……Kiyoaki Iida

Process Optimization by OnEfficiency. Strength……Nodoka Furubayashi
dataPARC for Digital Transformation―Frist Step for Digitalization in Pulp & Paper Mill―……Takuya Maekawa

Review Article（Original Paper）

68

Making Conductive Materials from Paper as an Insulator―Chemically Morphology-Retaining Carbonization from Various Cellulosic Materials
without Thermal Decomposition―……Mutsumasa Kyotani and Tatsuhiro Okada

03
84

Committee report
Papyrus

90
95
108
109
111

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 March JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.3 Abstracts

IoT measures for production facilities with general-purpose AC drives
Daisuke Okino
Drive System Application Dept. System Engineering & Technology Div.
Yaskawa Automation & Drives Corp.
We, Yaskawa Automation & Drives Corp. undertake system engineering of electrical equipment foriron-steel and Industrial plants and sales & after-sale service of Yaskawa Electric products and generalindustrial motors.
Recently, trend for productivity improvement is becoming active at manufacturing site withintroduction of IoT (Internet of Things) which connects “things” and internet.
With that, demands are growing more to avoid unexpected abnormal stop with visualization of
malfunction and anomaly and failure prediction instead of reporting after production machinery
breakdown has already occurred.
With YASKAWA general purpose AC drives, status of machines and facilities can be monitoredcontinuously, and any anomaly can be detected not just via AC drives but also via motors, with result of
which efficient maintenance can be planned to realize productivity improvement and machines andfacilities without unexpected abnormal stop.
In this article we present ideas to lower the bar of introducing IoT, DX in production facilities employing
YASKAWA general-purpose AC drives.

European Commission Energy-related Products Ecodesign Directive and Fujitsu's Environmentally Conscious
Design regarding Electrical and Electric Equipment
Tomoko Nagano, Satoru Arihara, Satomi Hirooka
Environmental Design Dept. Environmental Technology Div., Sustainability Unit
FUJITSU LIMITEDThe climate change has led to a rapid demand for carbon neutrality in recent years. In addition, theincreasing use of ICT and digitization has raised concerns about the environmental impact of electricaland electronic equipment. Under these circumstances, this paper introduces EU’s Energy-Related
Products Directive (2009/125/EC，Eco-design Directive), which concerns environmental considerations
related to electrical and electronic equipment, and Fujitsu's Environmentally Conscious Design for
products. Fujitsu implements Life Cycle Assessment to reduce environmental impact and improve
product value. In addition, this paper outlines global trends where not only environmental considerationof products but also the attitude of brand owners are required.

Approach to Smart Maintenance with Digital Technology
Tomoyasu Akiba*３
Lifecycle Business Div. Yokogawa Solution Service corporation*２
The significant changes in the external environment in recent years, all industries are working
toward digital transformation in order to ensure that companies maintain their competitive
advantage and develop. This change has been accelerated in various fields and sectors, including
production, operations, energy, and maintenance. In response to the shortage of personnel and humanresources, which are the challenges of maintenance, it is important to implement a new asset
management by applying the technology and data currently in use and new digital technology to themaintenance activities. This is smart maintenance through digital transformation.
In this paper, we describe the technology of making smart maintenance and digital technology by
YOKOGAWA, which contributes to solving maintenance challenges.

Contribution to Carbon Neutrality through Optimization Technology
Michihisa Suzuki
Advanced Solution department, Engineering Headquarters, Advanced Automation Company, Azbil Corporation
The Government of Japan is aiming to reduce greenhouse gases by 46% in FY2030 compared to
FY2013 and to be carbon neutral by FY2050.
Against this background, utility plant operation optimization by optimization technology is drawing
attention as one of the methods for realizing carbon neutrality with immediate effect. Operational
optimization is a very investment-effective Quick Win approach that improves the energy intensity by
improving the operation of existing equipment without the need for new equipment / renewal /modification. (Recovery period is from a few months to 2 years).
Furthermore, it is becoming important to control the consumer side by the optimization method as afunction of the aggregator that adjusts the supply and demand between the electric power distribution
company and the consumer side.
This paper introduces our solution by optimization technology toward the realization of carbon
neutrality.
The Time to Start Archiving the Operation Data and Its Full Leverage in Pulp & Paper Industry at the“Big Data” Era.
Yasuyoshi Iwase
Honeywell Japan Ltd. Honeywell Connected Plant
The archiving the long-history operating data, and the connection with digitalized records andreports systemizes the operational intelligences, reveals the overlooked values, and finally reaches thegoals of an innovative business that we never seen in pulp & paper industry. The first step on this way
is to implement the Historian, a historical database software, to store time-series operation data in 100
years the longest. This “Big” data archive lets you go the right way. This data-driven decision can bemade on the useful insights obtained via clear visualization of the plant performances, derived fromsanitized, true and real-time plus history data. What we do from today is to build the plant archive, bycorrecting the sensor & operation data in the control system, and synergized with another data source,
and reveals the operational insights.
Implementation of “Smart Factory 4.0” for the Paper Mills-Cost Benefits Achieved with Prediction Models and APCNozomu Wada
Voith Turbo Co., Ltd. BTG Japan, Process Solutions
The Smart Factory 4.0 was introduced by the German government in 2011, as a next generation
advanced technology which based on Industrial Revolution 4.0, that expands digital computing
technology of Industrial Revolution 3.0 in 1980s-2010s with Internet of things. In the 2020s, we are now
going on a rapid growing stream of development of Factory automations as beyond of the lastgeneration's digitalization.
In this generation, we can use big data with high frequent scanning which includes tons of information,such like process values, quality check results, production stocks, production plan, PID loop status andso on.
BTG's dataPARC and CONTROLsuite provide sophisticated visualizations such like healthdiagnostics around PID loops, valves, actuators, and the other sensors, easy to handle historical trends
that project future status with prediction models, and more which make the operator's
awareness/thinking/actions/reviews so much easily. Furthermore, BTG's MACS solutions provides
predictive control based on the prediction models which considers much complicated multiple crosscorrelations between each unit operations in processes.
In this paper, those BTG’s solutions are introduced as which useful for achieving smart factory 4.0 at
the paper mills with its implementation results and procedure. To make the projects be succeeded andutilized while long time after the implementation by the mill operators, BTG provides continuous
improvement which reflects the operators thinking, and discussion/ reviewing.

Efforts to make maintenance work smarter
Hideyuki Ito
Matsumoto Mill, Ojimateria co.,ltd.
Japanese society is facing a shortage of labor force and a decrease in skilled engineers due to fallingbirthrate and the aging population. This is also an important issue for us and we have taken on various
challenges to improve productivity and pass on technology. In Germany, the concept “Papermaking4.0”isset up as part of Fourth Industrial Revolution and paper mills are becoming smarter and moreproductive.
For these reasons, our company “Oji Materia Co.,Ltd – Matumoto Mill”, have attempted to make us
smart to use IoT technology since last year. There are many methods to make smart such as using aplatform that major vender has released for making smart of whole mill and analyzing the data obtained
from the reasonable sensor on cloud.
In the past, when the introduction of DCS progressed rapidly in paper mill, benefits of DCS could be
expected. However the benefits of IoT are unknown for us. So we decided to verify the usefulness of IoTtechnology by using reasonable tools.
Sharing and early resolution of issues through digitalization of operational information toward DX
Nobutaka Maki
Energy Technical Department, Energy Business Division,
Nippon Paper industries CO., LTD.
In recent years, many companies have been promoting Digital Transformation (DX) using IoT, AI, Big
Data analysis, etc., and our company is also striving every day to build a next-generation businessmodel. For process data in production plants, systemization has already been established with theintroduction of DCS and main control systems. However, the operational information is lagging behindfor digitalization. That's why we introduced PLM (PlantLogMeister) manufactured by Toshiba
Mitsubishi Electric Industrial Systems Corporation in 2019, and started digitalization efforts for issues
sharing and early resolution between each mill and head office.
Revolutions in the history of civilization induced by paper
The summary of the series：Part 2
Kiyoaki Iida
Tang Dynasty collided Islamic Empire in the 8th century in the central Asia to which paper making
was transferred. Islam made use of it, translated previous cultures on paper and developed sciences andarts of themselves.
Islamic paper making was then transferred to Italy where paper mills started production in the 13th
century. In the same period, Europe began to transform itself dynamically. A huge volume of literature
was translated and studied in the Renaissance. In the 15th century, metal-typo printing was invented
that brought a new phase in the history of paper. The Reformation starting in 1517 was called a media
revolution as many printed matters circulated. Reading books became common in the Enlightenment
Age. The Industrial Revolution in which information exchange was essential was supported by paperindustry in U.K. The rise of paper industry brought economic development, and then social reform
followed.
In the 19th century, GDP increased at the rate 3-4 times of that in preceding ages. Paper machine wasinvented and became wider and ran faster. Wood was finally pulped. USA, being rich, enjoyed a societyof mass-production and mass-consumption. Packaging paper and boxes, made of paper, for promoting
marketing, and corrugated boxes for distributing goods were developed. The system spread in the world,
and its output became as much as that of traditional paper.
The development in digital technology has worked out new devices for information storage, and thevolume they take is increasing exponentially. Paper, on the other hand, is drastically losing its share.
Preservation and persistence of new devices are a subject of the present culture.

Process Optimization by OnEfficiency.Strength
Nodoka Furubayashi
Sales department, Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
Papermaking processes have been automated in recent years, but there are still many processes that
depend on the experience and intuition of operators, and it can be said that there is room for
improvement in the goal of “maintaining product quality at necessary minimum costs.” OnEfficiency,
the solution developed by Voith to reduce such unnecessary costs, realizes smart control of processes
through the three steps of “visualization of process fluctuation”, “process stabilization”, and “processoptimization” by the autonomous distributed control modules using big data analysis.
OnEfficiency.Strength, one solution in the OnEfficiency product line, aims to optimize paper strength
using virtual sensors that calculate paper strength parameters online in real time. In closed-loop control,
where the effect of OnEfficiency.Strength is most exerted, OnEfficiency.Strength automatically operates
the actuator to keep the strength value within the target range in real time, reducing the production costto the limit.
dataPARC for Digital transformation- Frist step for digitalization in pulp & paper mill Takuya Maekawa
Voith Turbo Co., LTD. BTG Japan
BTG is a technical company who has been innovating and providing several advanced sensors,
analyzers, consumables (High performance blade and rod/bed) to pulp and paper mills in the world.
Under BTG clear strategy -selling value and saving customer’s cost-, now BTG is focusing Digitaltransformation (DX) in pulp and paper mills tying to our PIMS “dataPARC” to the market.
Pulp & Paper mills seem to face difficulties in data utilization across their pulp and paper making
processes, despite DX is recently highly promoted by METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry).
Their challenges in approaches to carrying out DX is the employees and managers often less interested
in DX, but a true meaning of DX is to transform organization, people‘s behavior and way of thinking tobecome more competitive in market.
If the mills cannot overcome these challenges, -leaving the existing old system became “Legacy”, lackof IT engineer and maintenance cost increasing for old system-, they may suffer huge economic loss ofup after 2025. This is report by METI as “2025 Digital Cliff”
dataPARC innovated by Capstone technology (BTG group since 2016) is a solution for this challenges
work as a strong digitalization platform to integrate and utilize all existing data in mills. dataPARC iswell known in North America mainly and the installation reference is around 400 cases in P&P industry,
800 in all industries.
Making Conductive Materials from Paper as an Insulator :Chemically Morphology-Retaining Carbonization from Various Cellulosic Materials without Thermal
Decomposition
Mutsumasa Kyotani and Tatsuhiro Okada
Tsukuba Fuel Cell Laboratory, Inc.
Paper is made from plant fibers obtained mainly from wood pulp and non-wood pulp. Cellulose is amain component of paper. However, cellulose materials are very hard to carbonize at high temperature
because they decompose thermally and change to hydrocarbons having low molecular weights even in
inactive gases. Most of the hydrocarbon molecules tend to evaporate as various gases at hightemperature. So, we are not able to make a two-dimensional carbonized paper in conventionally reported
method. We have tried to make carbon materials from various organic ones including paper. We havefound that iodine is an effective catalyst in the carbonization process of cellulosic materials such as paper
at high temperature. However, experimental apparatuses are tended to be contaminated by iodine. Afterthat we also have found that sulfonic acids having leave group activity are more appropriate for the
carbonization process as a catalyst.
In this paper, we have described that well carbon sheets having electrical conductivities are able to bemade from various papers treated with a methane sulfonic acid solution by carbonization at atemperature of 800℃ in a nitrogen gas. The carbon sheets are amorphous and tend to crystallize with
heat-treatment at higher temperature. Mechanical and electrical properties of the carbon sheets are
improved by the heat-treatment.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

4

April 2022

Vol. 76 No. 4

Welcomig New Employees
3 HSE Improvement and Machine Condition Monitoring by Wireless Noise
Surveillance System……Shinichi Saito
7 Improving Operations by Optimizing Chemicals !
A Practical Chemical Approach to Solving Problems in Wastewater Treatment
Process……Seiji Hirotsune
11 Know Your Pulp, Control Your Process……Ryo Yamashita
19 ACA Permi Online Air Premeability Analyzer and RoQ Roll Hardness Profiler……Takuya Sasaki

23 Numerical Simulation in Compressive Strength Analysis of Corrugated Box……Takao Kobayashi

29 Analysis of the Bleeded Compounds on Paper Surface by XPS and TOF-SIMS……Toshitatsu Takei and Tang Chen Ying

34 Report on the Results of the Fiscal 2021 Follow-up Survey on “JPA’s Carbon
Neutrality Action Plan” and Related Information on Measures against Global
Warming in the Japanese Paper Industry……Yasuharu Sakina
Topics & Information

53

The Summary of the History of Japanese Paper Industry……Kiyoaki Iida

59 Corporate Profile & Product Information（47）
Yokogawa Bio Fronitier Inc.
Introduction of Research Laboratories（144）64

Laboratory of Forest Bioresource Technology, Research Group of Forest Science,
Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture,
Hokkaido University

Research Report（Original Paper）

69

Properties of Mitsumata Paper Produced by Pressurized Cooking Process……Naoichi Muto

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（94）84Saga Mill, Oji Materia Co., Ltd.

03
67
68
88

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

92
97
109
110
112

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 April JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.4 Abstracts

HSE improvement and machine condition monitoring by wireless noise surveillance system
Shinichi Saito
Yokogawa Products HQ Sensing Center, Co-innovative Solution Section TF1 Group
Yokogawa Electric Corporation
The Wireless Noise Surveillance System is a new digital Health Safety Enviroment (HSE) system
consisting of a WN 100 radio noise meter and WN 30 noise map software, which provides the first realtime noise monitoring system for noisy and harsh environments.
The main purpose of this system is to prevent the hearing impairment of workers in the plant and to
optimize the working hours limited by the noise level. Recently, however, the system has been applied tothe improvement of HSE in the local community by monitoring the amount of noise propagating fromthe plant to the neighboring residential area, and to the condition monitoring to detect the failure bymeasuring the sound.
Improving operations by optimizing chemicals!
A practical chemical approach to solving problems in wastewater treatment process
Seiji Hirotsune
Research ＆ Development Dept., Nissin Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.
The pulp and paper industry is a water-based industry that requires an extremely large amount ofwater compared to other industries. Wastewater in the paper manufacturing process includes discharges
from the steaming and bleaching processes, the paper making process, the deinking process, and thewashing process. Although progress has been made in saving water and reducing water use by reusing
and closing off water for each process compared to the past, large-scale wastewater treatment facilities
are necessary to treat the large amount of wastewater from various processes.
In the wastewater treatment process, pollutants are treated with a combination of organic
decomposition by biological treatment, coagulation sedimentation, and pressurized flotation. The
industry is struggling to deal with these problems, but wastewater treatment facilities are not directly
related to production, so it is difficult to make capital investment in them.
In this report, we are going to focus on the foam and odor problems from among problems in thewastewater treatment process. First, we explain the basic concept of foam control, the mechanism of odor
generation and its adverse effects, then describe how our company to deals with each problem.

Know your pulp, control your process
Ryo Yamashita
Pulp & Paper Group, Process Automation Business, ABB K.K.
All papermakers know that variation in raw materials significantly affects process stability andproduct quality. To overcome this, we need to seek a way of adapting our processes to the naturally
variable incoming fibers to both stabilize quality and reduce costs. Many paper companies dedicated toreuse raw materials for sustainability and recycling in recent years. However, to ensure output of thehighest quality, the paper company must face the challenge of working with a wide variation in theproperties of incoming fibers.
In this paper, I would like to share functions and features of the L&W Fiber Tester Plus, which is afiber analyzer for the laboratory. Especially herein, I introduce the following three options in detail.
Impurities: Kink, vessel cells, minishives, flocs and dirt are analyzed via special software, which has
recommended settings for vessel cells and shives. Blend: Analyze the ratio of reference fiber species in afiber mix in a software option. Crill: Determine crill quota in a separate measuring cell, by a method
based on how particle diameter interferes with different parts of the light spectra. This product has beendelivered more than 20 customers in Japan. This product is used not only for fiber analysis but also for
CNF research today.
And, I continue to explain features and benefits of L&W Freeness Online, L&W Fiber Online, and our
new solution, L&W Freeness and Fiber Online which can combine the online measurements of freenessand fiber properties. I also introduce ABB's pulp sampler, which has high reliability and durability.
Customers give these product high marks for the automation and stabilization of freeness measurement.
Reliable system of offline and online pulp analyzing helps to monitor and control properties andqualities, and to create the best possible continuous and uniform process throughout from pulp furnish
and to paper product. Offline and online pulp measurements have their own unique benefits. We attaina new level of process stability, reducing production costs through lower energy consumption byeliminating over refining. Finally, I would like to introduce the Wet End Control of ABB Ability ™ APC.
You can optimize raw material by analyzing data through APC process control.
ACA Permi Online Air Premeability Analyzer and RoQ Roll Hardness Profiler
Takuya Sasaki
SHIN-NIHON CORPORATIONThe RoQ roll hardness tester is a next-generation roll hardness tester that replaces the Schmidt
hammer, which allows anyone to easily measure the roll hardness in the width direction with aminimum pitch of 1 mm. Since it can be profiled in the width direction, it is possible to detect wrinkles
inside.
Permi Online Porosity Analyzer is an epoch-making system that can measure air permeability online
in real time. Quality control methods and process reductions that were not possible with conventional
offline sampling inspections will be realized.
Since the shear rate and viscosity are not correlated, it is necessary to measure the viscosity at theshear rate of the coating color (750,000 1 / s or more) at the actual coater part. The ultra-high shareviscometer Ax-100 is a viscometer that can measure viscosity at a maximum shear rate of 1,000,000 1 /s, which was not possible with conventional rotary viscometers. As a new function, extensional viscosity
can also be measured.
The FlOW WR Water retention tester (compliant with TAPPI T-701) has been newly developed as ananalyzer to replace the existing water retention meter. It can be used in combination with the ultra-highshare viscometer AX-100 for research and development of coating colors, and it is also possible to inspect
and optimize the water retention of coating colors and prevent dehydrated cakes in dry parts.

Numerical simulation in compressive strength analysis of corrugated box
Takao Kobayashi
Packaging Innovation Center, Oji Holdings Corporation
Corrugated fiberboard boxes are often stacked and used for transportation and storage, and aconsiderable load is applied to the bottom box. If the box cannot withstand this load, not only will the box
collapse, but there is also the risk of package stack crumbling on the pallet. Therefore, the box
compressive strength measured by the box compression test is one of the important qualities as an index
of the box's resistance to crushing. If this box compressive strength can be predicted in advance bysimulation, it will eliminate the repetition of experiments and trial production, and will lead toshortening the development period of new products. In this report, we will introduce an example ofperforming box compression analysis on corrugated box by numerical simulation using nonlinear finite
element analysis.
First, we developed an analysis method. The corrugated board is a three-dimensional structure
consisting of two linerboards and a corrugating medium, but the box was modeled using shell elements,
assuming that it can be approximated by a single plate. The top panel of the box was compressed byapplying a compressive displacement, and the maximum load of the load-displacement curve obtainedat this time was calculated as the box compressive strength. As a result of the analysis, it was possible
to reproduce the difference in buckling mode and the order of strength depending on the presence orabsence of a hand hole. Next, we examined a corrugated box with a regular polygonal cross section, andshowed that increasing the number of angles could approach the buckling mode of a cylinder andincrease its strength. Finally, a compression analysis of the corrugated boxes stacked on the pallet was
carried out, and it was possible to show that it is possible to prevent the package stack crumbling
depending on the stacking pattern.

Analysis of the bleeded compounds on paper surface by XPS and TOF-SIMS
Toshitatsu Takei, Tang chen ying
Material Analysis Center, Innovation Promotion Division, Oji Holdings Corporation
The phenomenon that low molecular weight components come out to the plastic surface is called“bleeding”. Resin components of pulp may bleed to the paper surface and it is important to do researchon the bleeded phenomenon to analyze the surface changes on the paper. X-ray Photoelectron
Spectroscopy (XPS) and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) are surface
analyzers which can analyze the depth region of several nanometers of the substance. Therefore, theseare essential for research and development and quality control in various industrial and scientificresearch fields. The bleeding phenomenon is also known in paper fields, and we studied on the bleedingphenomenon that occurs on the liner board surface and the effect to the decrease in the friction coefficientof the liner board. We verified the correlation between the bleeded components and the friction coefficient.
XPS with the Argon Gas Cluster Ion Beam（Ar-GCIB） was established as a method for detailed
analysis of organic materials. It is widely recognized that the milder etching of a sample surface can beachieved by Ar-GCIB sputtering, comparing to the conventional Ar+ sputter etching. It is because of its
low energy per atom and lateral sputtering effect. By using the Ar-GCIB sputtering, we have developed
a method to analyze the surface modification of polymer materials.

Report on the Results of the Fiscal 2021 Follow-up Survey on” JPA’s Carbon Neutrality Action Plan” andRelated Information on Measures against Global Warming in the Japanese Paper Industry
Yasuharu Sakina
Japan Paper Association
The Japan Paper Association (JPA) established its “Voluntary Action Plan on Environment” in 1997,
in response to The Japan Business Federation‘s call to the Japanese business community to organize“The Voluntary Action Plan on Environment”. Since then, JPA has carried out a follow-up survey andpublished the results every year.
As the Voluntary Action Plan finished in fiscal 2012, JPA newly started “the Action Plan towards a Low
Carbon Society” which is renamed “Carbon Neutrality Action Plan” this year and has been actively
addressing global warming prevention in order to achieve the following targets set in the plan: Compared to BAU scenario(based on specific CO2 emission rate of 2005), reduce fossil energyderived CO2 emissions by 1.39 million tons by fiscal 2020 .
 In view of securing forest resources and increasing forest carbon sink, expand forest plantation
areas owned or managed by the paper industry at home and abroad to 700 thousand hectares
by fiscal 2020.
According to the results of the fiscal 2021 follow-up survey (actual results for fiscal 2020), fossil-energy
derived CO2 emissions in fiscal 2020 was 15.59 million tons, a 5.9% reduction compared to the fiscal
2019(16.57 million tons). Compared to BAU scenario, fossil energy-derived CO2 emissions were reduced
by 3.13 million tons, achieving the target of 1.39 million tons reduction by fiscal 2020.
This is attributed to each manufacturer’s active efforts including energy saving and energy conversion
from fossil energy to non-fossil energy such as biomass energy.
In addition to the results of the follow-up survey, this report introduces the current energy situation in
the Japanese paper industry, outline of “Countermeasures against Global Warming aiming at Net Zero
GHG emission from the Paper Industry– Long-Term Vision 2050’ ”and the latest information ofcountermeasures against global warming.

The summary of the history of Japanese paper industry
Kiyoaki Iida
Japan, triggered by the Meiji Restoration, accepted the social and industrial structures of theWestern countries, and changed itself toward them. The paper industry came up to supply paper for
printing which made information exchangeable and paperboard which supported distribution of goods.
Since then, for the period of 150 years, the industry has contributed to Japan’s economic growth as oneof the industrial members.
The paper industry took off at about 1905, and kept increasing its output at the yearly rate of morethan 10%. Along the way, it extended its territory to Hokkaido and then to Sakhalin, and developed its
own business model.
After crushed at World War II, the Japanese economy recovered extraordinarily. It, however, slowed
down in 1970-1975. The paper industry filed to a list of negative industries, as it had such problems as
environmental pollution, raw material shortage, menace from import and highly energy consuming.
With technological break-through and intensive recycling of products which were bio-degradable in theirnature, it was regarded one of sustainable industries.
As the volume of digital information increased exponentially since 1995, the demand for printing paper
is declining for the first time in its history.

Properties of Mitsumata Paper Produced by Pressurized Cooking Process
Naoichi Muto
Research Institute, National Printing Bureau, JAPANThe bast fibre of Mitsumata(Edgeworthia papyrifera Sieb. et Zucc) has long been used as a papermaterial in Japan, and the paper made of Mitsumata has characteristic egg yolk colour and unique
texture. To obtain the fibre material, the bark of Mitsumata is cooked in the aqueous alkaline solution,and pressurized cooking process is generally employed for mass pulping production. Parenchyma cell isa non-fibrous cell contained in Mitsumata pulp, and it is known to have considerable effects on the opticaland physical properties of paper.
In this paper, the effect of the alkaline cooking reagent on the properties of Mitsumata handsheet wasstudied. The bark was cooked with the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in a pressure cooking device.
Sodium hydroxide solution makes the bark swell, and dissolves the substance such as pectine. Sodiumhydroxide solution also neutralizes the acidic substance which would be eluted from the bark and would
cause the degradation of fibre. Handsheets made of Mitsumata were observed by optical microscope andscanning electron microscope. It was found that the colour of the handsheet depends on the coloured
components within the parenchyma cells rather than the parenchyma cells itself. As the addition rate of
sodium hydroxide increased, the fibre strength given by wet zero span tensile strength increased, andthe fibre bonding strength given by dry and wet short span tensile strength decreased. Mitsumata pulp
was fractionated into fibres and parenchyma cells by passing the pulp through the mesh sieve, andproperties of the handsheet made of the fractionated fibers and Py-GC/MS analysis were examined.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

5

May 2022

Vol. 76, No. 5

Deplasticization
1 Development of Coated Paper Products for Packaging, “barricote®” and“barrisherpa®”……Masanori Nagoshi
6 Cellophane or Paper Packaging as Alternative for Plastic Packaging……Taro Yotsumoto, Susumu Sakata, Yoshihito Fujimoto and Keiko Imai

10
14
20
24

New Concept Paper Container “SPOPS” to Replace Plastic Refill Pouch……Takaharu Noda

Effort for Deplasticization and Plastic Reduction by Utilizing wood Pulp Material……Kenta Arishima

Development of Moisture Resistant Coating agents Derived from Biodegradable
Biomass Material……Teruyuki Matsushima
Water Based Coating Agent to Impart Barrier Layer, for Paper and Paperboard……Wakako Masuda and Shunsuke Hayashi

Topics & Information

30

Revision of JIS P 8116
Paper-Determination of tearing resistance-Elmendorf tearing tester method……JAPAN TAPPI, Pulp and Paper Test Standards Committee

34

Research Projects of Universities and Government Research Institutes……Wood Science Committee, JAPAN TAPPI

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（95）44Kumagaya Plant, LINTEC Corporation

03
43
50

Committee report
Coffee break
Papyrus

56
63
70
71
73

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 May JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.5 Abstracts

Development of coated paper products for packaging, "barricote®" and "barrisherpa®"
Masanori Nagoshi
Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited
The realization of a sustainable society has become an issue in terms of countermeasures against
marine plastic waste and global warming caused by the rapidly increasing consumption of plastics forcontainers and packaging worldwide.
In response to this challenge, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited (MPM) Group's subsidiary in Germany,
Mitsubishi HiTec Paper Europe GmbH, has quickly commercialized "barricote®", a paper-based coatedpaper for food packaging, as an alternative material that can contribute to reducing waste plastic. The
products have been highly evaluated and adopted by major European food manufacturers since spring2019.In order to meet a wide range of packaging needs in the Asian market, including Japan, MPM iscurrently developing and marketing "barricote®" and "barrisherpa®", coated paper products for
packaging, in Japan. In this presentation, we will introduce the products developed in Japan.
Cellophane or Paper Packaging as Alternative for Plastic Packaging
Taro Yotsumoto, Susumu Sakata , Yoshihito Fujimoto and Keiko ImaiCentral Laboratory, Rengo co., Ltd.
Recently, environmental pollution by marine plastics and micro plastics has been popularized as a
global problem. In addition, social demands for plastic reduction are becoming more and more full-scale,such as strengthening the regulations on disposable plastics, promoting the use of biomass-basedmaterials, and changing the behavior of companies related to SDGs. In Japan, the Resource Circulation
Strategy for Plastics has been formulated, and some efforts toward “3R+Renewable” have beenstrengthened. Brand owners also have great interest in it, and the adoption of new technologies is
becoming active.
To meet these plastic-free needs, our company has also developed an eco-friendly packaging, “REBIOS”
that combines biodegradable materials based on cellophane and paper. In this study, we suggest“cellophane-based packaging” and “paper-based packaging” as alternative for plastic packaging. For
example, we developed heat-sealable, moisture-proof, and oxygen-barrier packaging material made ofcellophane coating a PVDC(oxygen permeability 5[cc/m2・day・atm] at 23℃65%RH condition). Other
hand, we also developed paper-packaging which can be recycled as paper, heat sealable, and with goodprinted surface.
We will continue the efforts to expanded our series and contribute to creating a better and sustainablesocial environment through the creation of high-quality, high-value-added packages while effectively
utilizing resources and reducing the impact on the global environment.
New Concept Paper Container "SPOPS" to Replace Plastic Refill Pouch.
Takaharu Noda
Paper-Pak Sales Division, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd
In the Japanese market, refill pouches are widely used in toiletry products, because it can reduce theamount of plastic waste compared to using plastic bottles as disposables. According to the consumer
interview, the most of them have some kind of frustrations with refill pouches about the usability. In
addition, single use plastic reduction has become a global important issue due to the ocean plastic
problem. Under these circumstances, Nippon Paper developed new paper container "SPOPS®".
Compare to refill pouches, it can improve usability and reduce single use plastic amount. Recently,‘SPOPS Hygiene’ with specifications compatible with sanitizer has been developed to meet the growing
need for sanitizer containers due to COVID-19.

Effort for deplasticization and plastic reduction by utilizing wood pulp material
Kenta Arishima
Marketing & Development Dept. Sales Div. Oji F-Tex Co.,Ltd
Japanese government has set a target to reduce the emission of one-way plastics and declared its
intention to achieve zero emission of greenhouse gas, in other words, carbon neutral society by 2050.
Under these social situations, paper and cellulose materials made from carbon-neutral woody biomass
are attracting a great deal of attention, and manufacturers are considering replacing plastic materials
with paper materials.
Paper products, such as paper cups and paper plates, have been used for a long time, but film-basedmaterials have been the mainstream packaging material for barrier and heat-sealing properties.
Therefore, we have developed a new packaging material "SILBIO series" based on paper material thatcan be used as an alternative to film-based packaging materials. The lineup of "SILBIO series"is paperbased barrier material "SILBIO BARRIER," a filmless packaging paper with heat-sealing property"SILBIO EZ SEAL," a transparent paper-based barrier material "SILBIO CLEAR," and an aluminumvapored paper-based barrier material "SILBIO ALBA".
These products meet various needs by combining properties such as transparency, concealability,
esthetics, and texture like paper.
We believe that we can contribute to a carbon-neutral society by expanding sales of SILBIO series.
Development of moisture resistant coating agents derived from biodegradable biomass material
Teruyuki Matsushima
PAPER CHEMICAL BUSINESS DIVISION, SEIKO PMC CORPORATION*１
In the global trend of reduction of plastic products that originated due to the Marine plastic debris
problem, the movement to replace plastic material with paper material is spreading all over the world.
Paper is a biomass material made from wood. Due to biodegradable and recyclable nature, it isattracting attention as an ecofriendly material that has a less environmental impact. In order to use
paper as a substitute for plastic, functionality equivalent to that of plastic is required. In response tothis problem, studies have been made to impart various functions to paper by coating it with aqueous
resin. In this paper, I will introduce moisture resistant coating agents "SEIKOAT® T-EF102 and TEF103" that have biodegradability, as coating agents that have a less environmental impact, mainly
using biomass materials.
"SEIKOAT® T-EF102 and T-EF103" have four characteristics below:
・The percentage of biomass material in the solid content is more than 85%
・Biodegradation degree (relative value) of more than 75%
・Conform to FDA21CFR § 176.170, § 176.180
・Moisture permeability: under 80 g/m2 with a coating volume of more than 12 g/m2
By applying these coating agents to paper, I believe that plastic substitution by paper material thathas a less environmental impact will be possible.
Water based coating agent to impart barrier layer, for paper and paperboard
Wakako Masuda and Shunsuke Hayashi
Paper Chemicals Development, R&D Center, R&D Company, Harima Chemicals,Inc.
In recent years, the plastic waste problem has become global concern. In addition to recycling plastic
materials, the solution to this problem is to reduce usage. Also, using paper as an alternative to plastic
is one of the solutions to this problem. Paper is mainly produced from pulp, which is a biomass material
obtained from wood, and has little impact on the environment. However, because paper has many voids,
it is often laminated with a plastic such as polyethylene (PE).
Paper materials that have been given various functions by laminating are also used in food packaging
containers such as paper cups and food packaging boxes. On the other hand, PE-laminated paper has
problems such as low recyclability such that the paper and PE film are required to be peeled off, and low
degradability of the film used in the natural world.
We developed new water-based coating agent, “HICOAT BC series”, which can add various functions
to paper to replace PE laminate. The products can be applied to food packaging grade and reduce plastic
usage. In this paper, regulations on food packaging in various countries as well as technology of HICOATBC series are reported. In addition, we report new product using high ratio of biomass raw materials,
which is under development.

Revision of JIS P 8116
Paper -Determination of tearing resistance- Elmendorf tearing tester method
JAPAN TAPPI, Testing Standards Committee
JIS P 8116: 2022 Paper -- Determination of tearing resistance -- Elmendorf tearing tester method was
published in February 2022 after being consistent with the corresponding international standard ISO
1974: 2012.
The main revisions from the old standard (JIS P 8116: 2000) are as follows.
a) Clarified in the scope that it is not suitable for determining the cross-direction tearing resistance ofhighly directional paper (or board).
b) Described the specifications of the Elmendorf type tearing tester in the main body of the standard.
c) Specified the depth of the clamp as 15 mm ± 1 mm.
d) Added a calculation method for digital read-type devices when obtaining measured values as tearing
resistance.
e) Added an annex about precision.
In addition, the issues and results under discussion regarding the number of test pieces, the width of
the test pieces, and how to round the numerical values are reported.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

6

June 2022

Vol. 76, No. 6

Energy Saving Ⅰ
1 Report of the 26th Saving Energy Seminar……Energy Committee, JAPAN TAPPI
2 Decarbonization Solution by Using Renewable Electricity……Tatsuya Takamatsu

6 Initiatives for low-carbonization in Kanto Mill（Katsuta）……Kai Matsubara
11

Fuel Conversion of Lime Kiln……Shigeyuki Ido

15

Activities for Energy Saving in Ishinomaki Mill……Satoru Suzuki

20

Control System to Optimize Cooling Tower Type Condenser Cooling Water
System……Toshiaki Shimizu

Topics & Information

27
32
37

New way of Applying Stabilized Halogen Application in Paper Mill……Takayuki Fujii and Akira Yamakawa

The Latest Trends in Technologies of Heat Transfer Improvement―Kurita Dropwise Technology―……Ippei Tanaka and Mitsuru Komatsu

Contributes to Power Saving（CO2 Emissions Reduction）and Maintenance Cost
Cut with HFD System（Hyper Flat Drive System）……Takemasa Yoshimi

63 Corporate Profile & Product Information ㊽
X-Rite Co. Ltd
Introduction of Research Laboratories（145）70

Laboratory of Tree Cell Biology, Division of Forest and Biomaterial Sciences,
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（96）73

TOKUSHU TOKAI ECOLOGY CO., LTD.

03
69
72
76

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

78
86
96
97
99

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 June JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.6 Abstracts

Decarbonization solution by using renewable electricity
Tatsuya Takamatsu
SINANEN CO.,LTD
This paper explained how to procure electricity from renewable energy for decarbonization. The firstissue that companies should consider in order to achieve decarbonization is whether or not they will
invest themselves and strive to improve the ratio of renewable energy. If you are not willing to invest,
you can solve it by consulting a power retailer and using the environmental value of the existing power
plant. If you are willing to invest (additionality), I think the three methods described in this paper will
be very informative. Particularly with regard to the Corporate PPA, although it is the most noticeable
method, the understanding has not progressed, so I would be grateful if you could understand how to
operate it in this paper.

Initiatives for low-carbonization in Kanto Mill(Katsuta)
Kai Matsubara
Kanto Mill（Katsuta）, Hokuetsu Corporation
In Hokuetsu Corporation Kanto Mill (Katsuta site), the No.2 biomass boiler (2B) and No.2 steam
turbine generator (2T/G) generate steam and electric power for the whole facilities, and the surplus
electricity is supplied outside for sale. This boiler mainly uses wood chip derived from construction waste,coal, and paper sludge and waste plastic generated inside the mill. On calorie basis, about 90% of thefuel is wood chip and paper sludge, about 1% is waste plastic, and the rest of around 10% is coal.
Our company set a goal in 2021, that it will achieve virtually zero of carbon dioxide emission by 2050.
For this goal, we have already started efforts to reduce coal used for fuel in 2020. In this report we
introduce the examples of coal reduction so far and future policies.

Fuel conversion of lime kiln
Shigeyuki Ido
Kani Mill，Daio Paper Corporation
Daio Paper Group has declared that we will aim for carbon neutrality in 2050 toward therealization of carbon-free society. In order to reduce CO2 emissions at Kani Mill, the fuel for lime kiln,
which is one of the main source of CO2 emissions, was converted from heavy oil to city gas.
By converting fuel, CO2 emissions will be reduced by 11,173t in 2022. This is 8.9% of CO2 emissionsof Kani Mill.
In the future, further reductions in emissions can be expected to be achieved by reducing emission
intensity on the supply side.
Activities for Energy Saving in Ishinomaki Mill
Satoru Suzuki
Ishinomaki Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
The Nippon Paper Group is working to reduce GHG emissions through three key initiatives: shifting toalternative fuels, promoting energy saving in production and logistics processes and absorbing and fixing CO2
through the appropriate management of company-owned forests.
We will introduce four improvement cases at Ishinomaki mill.
「Efficiency increase by a 7B black liquid heater of the indirect system」「Improvement of practical use of 8B SAH」
「Increase of RPF by control improvement of 1B GAH」
「Load stabilization of a 8B by improvement of 6T control」

Control System to Optimize Cooling Tower Type Condenser Cooling Water System
Toshiaki Shimizu
Chubuplant Service CO.,LTD.
Cooling tower type condenser cooling systems are greatly influenced by atmospheric conditions.
Moreover, since they are designed for the hot and humid summertime, excessive cooling for most of theyear results in a large waste of power. To solve this problem, this system optimally controls the rotation
number of the auxiliary machines of the condenser cooling water system: the cooling tower fan and thecirculating water pump, thereby reducing the station service power of the power generation equipment
and increasing the amount of electricity selling. Specifically, the total power of the cooling tower fan andthe circulating water pump is minimized by controlling both the cooling air volume of the cooling tower
fan and the cooling water flow rate of the circulating water pump to prevent overcooling of the coolingwater and at the same time, the degree of vacuum of the condenser is controlled to a constant level.
In an in-house power generation facility that had introduced this system, the power reduction amountwas 1,337 MWh / year (crude oil equivalent 337 kL / year), and the reduction rate was 52.2%, whichmeans the amount of power was reduced to less than half. In addition, the condenser vacuum value had
been controlled to be mostly constant throughout the year, contributing to the improvement of turbine
efficiency.
New way of applying stabilized halogen application in paper mill
Takayuki Fujii , Akira Yamakawa
KATAYAMA CHEMICAL,Inc.*１ and KATAYAMA NALCO,Inc.
From the standpoint of environmental concern such as preservation of forest resource and waste
disposal, importance of the reuse of waste paper is increasing. As the utilization rate of waste paper
increases, the strength of the paper decreases due to the reduction of fibrils on the surface of the fiber
and the increase of short fibers as the paper is recycled over and over. In addition, there is a growing
demand for the reuse of low grade waste paper that has not been used in the past. Besides, the trend
toward closed systems in consideration of the environment has led to problems such as pitch trouble andreduced effectiveness of internal chemicals due to deterioration of process water quality. Manufacturing
process of waste paper pulp are disintegration of waste paper, dust removal, deinking and bleaching.
Those waste paper pulp is used in the preparation process to add internal additives and to adjust thepulp density, then it goes through the paper making process to be completed as paper. There are several
problem in each process such as difficulty in disintegration and deinking, pitch trouble and increasing
paper strength agent usage due to decreased paper strength. In order to solve these problems, we focusedon stabilized halogen and conducted several studies. We have products that produce stabilized halogens,and we have verified its effects other than biocide, such as accelerated disintegrating, improved deinking,suppression of pitch trouble, and enhanced paper strength.
The latest trends in technologies of heat transfer improvement-Kurita Dropwise TechnologyIppei Tanaka, Mitsuru Komatsu
Kurita Water Industries Ltd,
Kurita Dropwise Technology has been installed to over 100 factories, mainly in Japan and South east
Asia. From these references, the improvement of steam consumption by 3~20 % and other new values
were also confirmed, such as the improvement of the paper machine speed, the cut of maintenance
operation, the decrease of loss products, the time saving of pre-heating and so on.
In recent years, this technology has been installed not only to paper factory but also other factories, andgreat effects were confirmed in each factories, such as a condenser of power boilers，a corrugator in
cardboard factories, a cooking instrument in chemical factories, and so on.
We have had trials for applying to new facilities, such as a turbine condenser in power boilers, an 1E
can and condensers in black liquor evaporators, a steam dry process in pulp sheet machines, and so on.
Kurita believes that we can contribute to create the new value for society and companies, by installing
this technology and maximize heat transfer efficiencies of more factories.

Contributes to power saving （CO２ emissions reduction）and maintenance cost cut
with HFD System (Hyper Flat Drive System)
Takemasa Yoshimi
Power Transmission Belt Design Group Engineering Department Industrial Products Division, BANDOCHEMICAL INDUTRIES,LTD.*１
We are a comprehensive belt manufacturer with a history of over 100 years and have been
researching and developing products that efficiently transmit energy even before the adoption of
the SDGs.
Years of developing high efficiently products, Bando's “Hyper Flat Drive System (HFD system)”is here now to annouce proudly winning the Energy Conservation Award in 2013 and 2019(sponsored by the Energy Conservation Center of JAPAN; as well as by the Ministry of Economy,
Trade and Industry of JAPAN). Below you will find Bando HFD system features and benefits,along with how HFD contributes to the next green environmental society.
The features of Hyper Flat Drive system are as follows.
1. Compared to V belt, BANDO flat belt of HFD system leads highly effective energy savings
due to the belt's hyper flexibility features to the pulley
2. Thanks to the the unique technology of the pulley and auto-tensioner combined device,
maintenance-free and longer life are possible by the meandering prevention control andtension control.
3. The range of application covers large capacities from 2.2kW - 22kW to 30kW - 75kW forcommercial and industrial HVAC (heating, ventilation, air conditioning) applications.
4. Adjusting the tension of V-belt and attaching and detaching the belt, it is necessary to workwith a large number of workers, and there is always a risk of a injuries caught between Vbelt and V-pulley. The HFD system does not require tension adjustment, and the flat belt
can be attached / detached safely and easily.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

7

July 2022

Vol. 76, No. 7

Energy Saving Ⅱ
1 Report of the 26th Saving Energy Seminar……Energy Committee, JAPAN TAPPI
3 Hybrid Power Conditioner Cooler―The High Efficiency Cooling Unit with a Thermo-Siphon HEX―……Shoichi Yamaguchi

7 Factory Equipment Optimization Solution based on Data Science……Toshihide Mochizuki, Ferdinand Baulez and Kyohhei Kamono

12 Energy-saving Technology for Public Water Treatment Energy-saving Rotary
Blower “TBS/RSH series”……Masayuki Kinoshita
16 Energy Saving by Modifying Drainage System of Paper Machine 1……Kotaro Iiyama

21 Energy Saving Case Study of Futatsuka Manufacturing Department, Chuetsu
Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.……Taisuke Kato
25 Energy Saving of Chlorine Dioxide Generation System（R8）……Joichi Nii
Topics & Information

30 New Challenge to Paperboard Machines with “AXISZ System”……Miho Kato and Koichi Tadaki

36 Split Mechanical Seal for Agitator, and Auxiliary Seal……Mioko Takaya and Yuya Sadahiro

43 Recovery Boiler Online Ash Analyzer and Ash Balance Advisor Applications……Yongse Cho, Matti Selkälä and Jukka Koskinen

Research Report（Original Paper）

52 Preparation of Antimicrobial β-cyclodextrin Microcapsules containing a
Mixture of Three Essential Oils as an Eco-friendly Additive for Active Food
Packaging Paper……Peifu Kong, Junichi Peter Abe and Toshiharu Enomae

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（97）

66 Iwaki Daio Paper Corporation
03 Committee report
70 Papyrus
78
84
92
93
95

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 July JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.7 Abstracts

Hybrid Power Conditioner Cooler-The High Efficiency Cooling Unit with a Thermo-Siphon HEXShoichi Yamaguchi
DENSO AIRCOOL CORPORATION, Design Center 3, Engineering Dept. 2
DENSO AIRCOOL CORPORATION developed a high-efficiency hybrid cooler for powerconditioner used in a PV power plant. The new hybrid cooling system can save the power
consumption and also can be a long-life operation. The key technology of the hybrid cooler is athermosiphon. A thermosiphon works by the differences of a heat-energy between ID and OD air
temperature. We put a thermosiphon heat exchanger at the upwind of the evaporator in the
hybrid cooler unit. We also developed the special heat-exchanger for thermosiphon based on an
automotive air conditioner technology. These technologies make the hybrid cooler work more
efficient than conventional air-conditioner.
Factory Equipment Optimization Solution based on Data Science
Toshihide Mochizuki
NTT FACILITIES
Ferdinand Baulez, Kyohhei Kamono
METRON JAPAN GK
As a major contributor to global warming, the industry in general and the paper manufacturingindustry is compelled to find solutions to not only reduce its energy consumption but also decarbonize its
production assets. To contribute to this endeavor, our platform was integrated with a paper
manufacturer in Colombia to visualize key performance indicators, model and optimize the energy
consumption of its paper machines, in real time. That manufacturer produces paper pulp from bagasse,the fibrous residue of sugar cane, passed through a mill to extract the juice, which is primarily composedof cellulose. Such a waste recovery method is used by less than 10 plants worldwide.
As the paper-making process is a large consumer of steam, each optimized area can bring significant
results in terms of energy consumption. Hence, the optimizations were focused on the paper machines,
which allowed for a 4.5% reduction in steam consumption in one year, in addition to significant reductionof the chemical agent consumption.
Energy-saving Technology for Public Water Treatment Energy-saving Rotary Blower“TBS/RSH series
Masayuki Kinoshita
General Manager of Industrial Division TAIKO KIKAI INDUSTRIES CO.,LTD
Actions for development of water resources to solve the global water problem and reduction ofgreenhouse gases to prevent global warming are increasing worldwide. In the water treatment
market, since roughly 60％ of the electricity is consumed by blowers including rotary type,reduction of power consumption has become a major issue, and energy saving of blowers is themost important issue.
Therefore, we have developed a new rotary blower "TBS / RSH" series that fulfills high energy
saving to reduce the environmental load.
By adopting a unique "RiS-brid curve" for the impeller shape, optimizing the rotation speed,
improving the silencer and gear case, etc., it achieved energy saving of 10 to 20％ compared tothe conventional product.
As of December 2021, we have sold 300 units or more, a large number record has been madeincluding replacement / new projects.
In the future, in addition to the water treatment, it could be used for various applications, suchas a pneumatic transportation, combustion air supply, vacuum pumps for paper mills machines,
and dust collection. we will contribute to society by supplying energy saving blower to a wide
range of field.

Energy saving by modifying drainage system of paper machine 1
Kotaro Iiyama
Mishima Plant， LINTEC Corporation
Amid calls for concrete action for global warming， The Japanese government declared that Japanaims to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 46% in fiscal year 2030 from its fiscal year 2013 levels，setting an ambitious target which is aligned with the long-term goal of net-zero by 2050. Furthermore，
he stressed that Japan will continue strenuous efforts in its challenge to meet the lofty goal of cutting its
emission by 50%. To realize this， it is much more important for companies to make an effort to reduce
their CO₂ emission. Besides， company must address energy-saving and CO₂ reduction activities as theEnergy Saving Act calls for an effort to decrease annual average energy consumption intensity morethan 1%.
This paper introduces a case of energy-saving and CO₂ reduction by remodeling drainage system for
paper machine 1 at Mishima plant of LINTEC corporation.
Energy Saving Case Study of Futatsuka Manufacturing Department, Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co.,Ltd.
Taisuke Kato
Futatsuka Manufacturing Department, Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co.,Ltd.
In order to prevent global warming which is caused by the greenhouse gas CO２ emission is taken
measures on a global scale, responsibility is increasingly against the corporate environment. In the pulp
and paper industry, energy saving and resource saving are proceeded and making efforts to reduce CO
２ emissions also. In addition, cost reduction by energy saving in terms of production has become a major
subject, it is still the situation that must be stacked to further effort.
In our manufacturing department established the Energy Conservation Committee in 1990, it has
been focused on day by day energy saving activities. Due to the recent paper demand reduction,
improvements by large scale equipment modification are not expected, we only have to build up a smallenergy saving result.
This time, we will introduce the efforts content and examples that we have implemented.
Energy Saving of Chlorine Dioxide Generation System (R8)Joichi Nii
Ebetsu Mill,Oji F-tex Co.,Ltd
Ebetsu mill is working on the environmental objectives for ISO14001, such as promoting
energy conservation, controlling waste, designing products with low environmental impact, anddevising manufacturing methods.
As part of the environmental response of the pulp and paper industry, the pulp bleaching process wasconverted to ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free), and a chlorine dioxide generation system (R8) was installedaccordingly.
This report introduces several examples of energy saving implemented by this chlorine dioxide
generation system (R8).

New Challenge to Paperboard Machines with “AXISZ System”
Miho Kato, Koichi Tadaki
SOMAR Corporation“REALIZER Series”, which is retention aids and coagulants that introduce our new technology,“Reactive Polymer Technology”, has been used more and more in the paper field. In this field, there
were many issues such as improvement of ash retention and fixability of paper chemicals. In recent years,
we have tried many tests to introduce “Reactive Polymer” into the paperboard field. A major problem
for paperboard machines is improvement of papermaking speed to increase production. In addition,
deterioration of quality of DIP causes decline of paper strength and sizing. This problem is also critical.
Particularly it is difficult to increase papermaking speed with conventional “Reactive Polymer (1stGeneration)”. Therefore, we have developed “Reactive Polymer (2nd-Generation)” to be suitable forpaperboard machines. In this paper, we report the results of laboratory tests and actual machine tests
to improve the speed of papermaking with this polymer. The concept focuses on improving water
squeezing rather than improving yield.
In addition, this is effective for paper defect and improvement of the fixability of paper chemicals, so wewill introduce the mechanism and examples.
Split Mechanical Seal for Agitator, and Auxiliary Seal
Mioko Takaya, Yuya Sadahiro
Engineering Dept. John Crane Japan, Inc.
The economic environment surrounding the pulp and paper industry is becoming more severe year by
year, and it is important to minimize downtime in factories, improve productivity and reduce
maintenance costs through stable operation of production equipment. In addition to this, in recent years,
it has become necessary to reduce the environmental load by saving energy such as power saving andwater saving.
Under these circumstances, shaft sealing devices for rotating equipment such as pumps and agitators
are becoming more important, and reliability is required even under even more severe specification
conditions.
John Crane has introduced a fully sprit mechanical seal that makes effective use of the characteristic
rubber bellows for horizontal axis rotating equipment such as tanks/chests with axial runout, and has
achieved many achievements. Furthermore, as a measure for workability and cost reduction during
maintenance, we will also introduce an auxiliary seal that does not require drainage in the tank/chest.

Recovery Boiler Online Ash Analyzer and Ash Balance Advisor Applications
Yongse Cho, Matti Selkälä and Jukka Koskinen
Valmet K.K.
An online analyzer for recovery boiler electrostatic precipitator (ESP) ash chemical composition has
been developed and piloted in a recovery boiler. The analyzer measures CO3, SO4, Cl, K and Na
concentrations from a dry ESP ash sample automatically taken from the ash stream. In addition to thefull chemical composition the melting temperatures of the ash are calculated.
By combining recovery boiler flue gas and steam temperature information with ESP ash chemicalcomposition, an advanced ash balance advisor has also been developed. The solution calculates thelocation in the superheaters where ash is sticky, i.e., 15 – 70 ％ of ash is molten, and adjusts the ash
treatment amount to minimize boiler plugging as well as enabling sootblowing focus to critical areas.
The first ash melting temperature is compared to superheater steam temperatures which determines if
there is corrosion risk in the superheaters. Overall, the advisor suggests an ash treatment target basedon operational marginals that maximize recovery boiler availability and minimize makeup chemicalneeds. Additionally, optimal ash chemistry allows certain boilers to operate at a higher steam
temperature leading to more electricity being generated.
This paper presents the results from the ash composition analyzer with comparisons to laboratory
measurements. Further application possibilities utilizing the analyzer are also discussed.

Preparation of Antimicrobial β-cyclodextrin Microcapsules containing a Mixture of Three Essential Oils as an
Eco-friendly Additive for Active Food Packaging Paper

Peifu Kong
Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, University of Tsukuba
Junichi Peter Abe , Toshiharu Enomae
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
This study aims to prepare antimicrobial microcapsules which can be used as an eco-friendly
additive for active food packaging paper. Essential oils from aromatic plants, possessing antimicrobialactivity, are commonly employed for the treatment of some diseases and symptoms. In this study, an
equal volume mixture of three essential oils: oregano, tea tree and cinnamon oils, were embedded into
hollow cavities of β-cyclodextrin to form microcapsules via a microencapsulation technology: coprecipitation. The recovery yield of the mixture of three essential oils/β-cyclodextrin after co-precipitationand the embedding ratio of the mixture of three essential oils in β-cyclodextrin were 86.5 % and 30.5 %,respectively. Based on the results of morphological and X-ray diffraction analyses, the crystal structureappeared to differ before and after microencapsulation. The results of gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of microcapsules. A
satisfactory antimicrobial activity of the fabricated microcapsules was proved by an antimicrobial assay
using Bacillus subtilis as the object microorganism, suggesting the microcapsules containing a mixtureof three essential oils could be a promising additive for food packaging paper.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

8

August 2022

Vol. 76, No. 8

Pulp
1 Report on 27th Pulping Seminar……Pulp Technical Committee, JAPAN TAPPI
4 Conversion from Paper Pulp to Cellulose Nanofibers（CNFs）―Structures and Characteristics of Diverse CNFs, and Their Current R&D and Challenges―……Akira Isogai

11

Recent Trends of Biorefinery in Scandinavia……Makoto Iwasaki

19

Global Market Pulp Demand & Supply……Ken Murakami

24

Lates Trend about New Pulp Mill Projects in the World……Hiroshi Yamashita

29

Kiln Fuel Conversion Toward Carbon Neutrality……Kazunori Ohmori

34
39
43
49
54
58

Advanced Technology to Counter the Increasing Foreign Matter……Yoichiro Iwatani

Operational Experience of MaxiTrasher and MaxiSeparator……Masatake Yoshizu
Development of Online Pulp Color Dirt Observation Equipment……Michihiro Fujiyama

Stabilizing of Stock Preparation LC-Refining by Using Valmet Online Analyzer……Joensuu Ismo, Marko Loijas, Takeshi Sato and Kenji Matsumoto

Introduction of Sulfuric Acid Dilution System with Pump Control……Naoki Kawasaki and Hiroshi Arai

Defoamer for Kraft Pulp Manufacturing Process……Katsuomi Shimabayashi

Topics & Information

63

Optimization of Liquor Recycling System……Keiji Suruga and Satoshi Kashiwagi

68

The Latest Pulper Detrash System. “S-PAL”……Kazuma Hagiwara

73

First step for Smart Factory, Operational experience and effectiveness of SKF
Condition Monitoring System……Hironobu Hemmi

Introduction of Research Laboratories（146）78

Laboratory of Forest Resource Circulatory System and Laboratory of Chemistryof Biomaterial Utilization
Division of Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental
Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（98）81Kure Mill, Oji Materia Co., Ltd.

03
77
80

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break

85
91
99
100
102

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 August JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.8 Abstracts

Conversion from paper pulp to cellulose nanofibers (CNFs)
Structures and characteristics of diverse CNFs, and their current R&D and challenges
Akira Isogai
Laboratory of Cellulose Chemistry, Department of Biomaterial Sciences
The University of Tokyo
In this century, various methods have been found to separate “cellulose microfibrils” fromplant cellulose fibers and to convert them into nanocellulose materials. Research anddevelopment of nanocellulose-containing organic and inorganic composites has been
investigated for preparation of new functionalized materials in the world. If the production
mass of nanocellulose is increased, the price of nanocellulose is expected to be reduced whenpaper pulps are used as the resources. The mass of production and consumption of
nanocellulose materials will increase, if nanocellulose-containing polymer composites areachieved to have high strength, elastic modulus, and toughness even at small mass ratios ofnanocellulose in the composites, resulting in a decrease in nanocellulose price. Partial
substitution from metallic materials, reductions of the mass of fossil resources-based
polymers and marine microplastics, and creation of a sustainable society based on biomass
resources may be contributed by the quantitative and qualitative expansions of nanocellulose
application and utilization. This is because nanocellulose materials are biosynthesized fromatmospheric CO2, and abundantly accumulated as cellulose microfibrils in plant bodies. The
use of nanocellulose may also partly prevent and reduce the global environmental andresource issues. In the process of research and development for efficient preparation methodsof new nanocellulose materials, various chemical pretreatments have been developed. Thesechemistry fields of plant cellulose fibers are categorized to new position-selective surface
chemical modifications of crystalline cellulose microfibrils. These fields may open newtechnology of paper-like functional materials using chemically modified wood cellulose fibers
containing abundant scaffolds for efficient counterion-exchanges with diverse cationic metal
ions and alkylammonium ions under aqueous conditions.
Recent trends of biorefinery in Scandinavia
Makoto Iwasaki
MIP Consultant Office.
The Japanese Government announced in 2020 the goal of making Greenhouse Gas(GHG)
emissions net- zero（carbon neutrality）by 2050. In response to this, the Japan Paper
Association has developed a similar long-term vision. The association has cited the following
three technologies necessary for its realization; ①saving energy, fuel conversion ②CO2
absorption by forest improvement, ③development of CNF and chemicals from wood basedmaterial, which is referred to biorefinery . As for the biorefinery technology using wood andwood derivatives , Sweden and Finland have been active in this field for long time.
In this report, I introduce the biorefinery R&D trend and systems in both countries briefly.

Global Market Pulp Demand & Supply
Ken Murakami
Pulp Dept., Marubeni Corporation
In most cases, pulp is integratedly consumed by paper producers. However, pulp is tradedin market globally with approx. 70 million tons in 2020. Market pulp is a globally trading
commodity and there are many factors to form its price. Among those factors, the balance ofthe market pulp demand & supply is one of the most important factors.
Looking at supply side, the production capacity gets increased every year and it is expected
to be increased further. Especially the growth in South America is significant. Although
South America has already become the biggest supply area, there are lots of additional
expansion plans there. South America would keep leading supply side. For supply growth bygrade, BSKP has some expansion plan, however, majority of the expansion is for BHKP
because it has cost competitiveness in raw wood materials with fast growth.
Looking at demand side, the biggest demand area is China. Since 3% demand growth isexpected in China through 2020 to 2025, it is necessary to keep monitoring the situation ofChina. Also, in Asia except for China, Japan and Korea, market pulp demand is expected toincrease. On the other hand, in the matured markets, such as North America, West Europe
and Japan, the demand is expected to be stable or decreased.
Both supply and demand are expected to be increased. Although demand is gradually
increased, supply tends to jump up when the expansion projects start. The demand & supply
balance on BSKP is expected to be tightened because of the limited expansion plan. However,that of BHKP is expected to be softened because of the lots of expansion plan. That balanceis important when we consider the market pulp price trend.
Lates trend about new Pulp mill projects in the world
Hiroshi Yamashita
Valmet K.K. Sales, Japan
The investment about a pulp mill has been very active recently. Since 2010, 30 mega pulp
mills have been built or being built all over the world. Most of them are located in SouthAmerica or South East Asia where it is rather easy to procure raw material. On the other
hand, some investments about a mega pulp mill have been done in Europe, especiallyNorthern Europe. This is very much interesting because the situation of pulp and paper
demand in Norther Europe is similar to that in Japan. Printing paper demand has been
decreasing in both regions. Although the pulp and paper market in Northern Europe is not
growing as rapidly as in South America or South East Asia, the investment about a pulp millhas been rather active. Recent investment about a pulp mill has interesting features. CO2
emission and new revenue from a pulp mill could be a key factor. Some mills in Europe target
to be a bio refinery plant.

Kiln Fuel Conversion Toward Carbon Neutrality
Kazunori Ohmori
Andritz K.K. Capital Systems Sales
In Europe, including the Republic of Finland, an environmentally advanced country, thefuel for combustion in lime kilns has already been converted from heavy oil to natural gas
since around 1995. Furthermore, in recent years, they have been reusing the side streams
discharged from the pulp production process, aiming to completely closed mill. In addition,
in response to recent climate change, each company is working to reduce CO2 emissions inorder to meet the CO2 emission limit targets set at COP26 held last year. Pulp and Paper
mills require a vast amount of fuel for chemical recovery processes, power generation andsteam production. The process that consumes the largest amount of fossil fuels is the Lime
Kiln. Kraft pulp mills around the world have already begun to switch from fossil fuels suchas heavy oil and natural gas to biomass fuels to achieve carbon neutral. For example, barkand sawdust, which would normally be discarded, are being effectively used. These can berealized through gasification of biomass waste.
Typical delivery examples include belt dryers, gasification plants in combination withmulti-fuel burners for Lime Kilns. The belt dryer uses the low-temperature waste heatavailable at the mill, and the gasification uses a gasifier based on circulating fluidized bed(CFB) technology. ANDRITZ has already installed four CFB gasification plants for pulp andpaper mill (for Lime kilns) in the Republic of Finland, the People's Republic of China, andthe Federative Republic of Brazil. The following is an overview of the advanced gasification
technology.
Advanced technology to counter the increasing foreign matter
Yoichiro Iwatani
AIKAWA Iron Works Co.,Ltd.
There have recently been substantial changes on the domestic recycle paper
supplies in Japan, following the import restrictions of the used materials in China. It is
expected to continue the tendency of such difficult procurement of the good quality
recycle papers, which would lead to increase the use of un-sorted recycle papers.
To adapt these changes, we need to recommend the upgrade of the stock preparation
processes for proper handling I will introduce the process that focuses on the pulping
system, together with some case studies.
Operational Experience of MaxiTrasher and MaxiSeparator
Masatake Yoshizu
Iwanuma Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
The domestic newspaper production has been declining due to the development of digitaltechnology in recent years. Furthermore, waste paper market is expected to decrease andhard to get waste newspaper because the export of used paper has expanded. On the other
hand, the recovery rate of overall used paper is high in recent years due to increase inenvironmental awareness and the recycling rate of waste paperboard. Considering thecurrent situation of collecting wastepaper, there is an urgent need to increase the use of lowgrade wastepaper.
For the above reasons, Iwanuma Mill DIP-2 installed Aikawa Iron Works MaxiTrasher and
MaxiSeparator to use more low-grade wastepaper in November 2019. This report describes
the experience of operating the new system.

Development of online pulp color dirt observation equipment
Michihiro Fujiyama
Control System Division Nippon Paper Unitec Co., Ltd.
The method of measuring dirt in pulp is performed which are visually confirmed andmeasured by humans. However, with this method, there is a large time lag when managing
dirt on a production line and continuous measurement is difficult. Therefore, OMRON has
started manufacturing system that can monitor dirt in pulp in real time. After that,
OMRON discontinued the product, and we developed the system as a successor to the
product, released the product as a monochrome version of the online dirt meter.
On the other hand, the ratio of DIP used has increased due to the increasing recycling
momentum and environmental measures, the operation department needs to manage color
dirt that are difficult to detect with monochrome versions such as UV ink and color
impurities.
Therefore, we worked on colorization of the online dirt meter in collaboration with Nippon
Paper Industries Iwanuma Mill, and started developing system that "visualizes" color dirt
in pulp in real time. This paper introduces the development of product and functions of thissystem.
Stabilizing of Stock preparation LC-refining by using Valmet online analyzer
Joensuu Ismo, Marko Loijas
Valmet Automation Inc.
Takeshi Sato, Kenji Matsumoto
Valmet K.K.
Paper properties are determined by the fiber properties. Fiber dimensions are changed byrefining. The refining result is affected by many factors such as fiber species, process
conditions, refining system, refiner geometry, refiner fillings, amount of refining andintensity of refining. Traditionally, refining has been controlled based on freeness (drainagerate) with either manual or feedback control.
Freeness is the result of the treatment of the fibers and the same freeness can beachieved with very different fiber properties. Advanced fiber imaging techniques have now
provided a better
understanding of the freeness quality.
Controlling refining by freeness alone may not produce a homogeneous mass on themachine, even if the refiners themselves are at their setpoint. Paper machines canexperience unexpected web breaks due to changes in fiber properties even though Freeness(CSF) or Schopper-Riegler are firmly ontarget.
The quality of the freeness must be known in order to optimize the refining to produce a
better end product.
Introduction of sulfuric acid dilution system with pump control
Naoki Kawasaki, Hiroshi AraiIWAKI CO.,LTD
In the pulp and paper plants, various chemicals including strongly acidic/alkaline
substances, are utilized in manufacturing processes and waste treatment. For instance,
sulfuric acid is used for pH adjustment in the bleaching process, neutralization of alkaline
waste. Because of its large amount of usage and low-cost perspective, concentrated sulfuric
acid is generally used with dilution. However, dilution of sulfuric acid is a highly exothermic
reaction, which involves the potential risk of a serious accident.
It is critical to selectoptimal control systems, corrosion-resistant pumps, and cooling systems in order to achievesafe, reliable dilution of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Defoamer for craft pulp manufacturing process
Katsuomi Shimabayashi
SAN NOPCO LIMITEDIn this lecture, the basics of defoamers and defoamers for kraft pulp production process
will be explained, and the evaluation methods and applications in actual process will be
described.
Black liquor contains various surfactants and is prone to foaming. This can lead to adecrease in productivity and quality in the kraft pulp manufacturing process. There are two
ways to prevent foaming problems: mechanical and chemical methods that use defoamers.
Optimization of Liquor Recycling System
Keiji Suruga and Satoshi Kashiwagi
Technical Group Solution Business Division, Kurita Water Industries Ltd.
DX Development Department Digital Strategy Division, Kurita Water Industries Ltd.
There are a lot of impurities in wood, such as Iron, Silica, Magnesium, Aluminum.
As a result, they go into the pulping manufacturing process. The existence of plentyof impurities in green liquor occurs poor sedimentation and impurities leak to the next
step. The next steps are slaker and causticizing tank. Impurities disturb causticizing
reaction, Causticizing Efficiency (CE) is down, and calcium carbonate particle size
becomes smaller. These cause poor dehydration at white liquor filter and lime mudfilter, and Lime Availability (LA) decrease. Lower LA means that causticizing reactionneeds more new purchased calcium carbonate. Lower CE means that Dead loadchemicals (Dead load) increase. Dead load does not participate in pulping reactions in
the digester and is circulating through the pulping and recovery cycle. Here Dead load
is sodium carbonate. Dead load moves with water in the pulping and recovery cycle.
It means that more energy needs at digester, evaporator, and recovery boiler.
In this report, we first describe the problems caused by changes in the raw materials
used. Next, we will introduce effective liquor recycling control methods that use acombination of liquor recycling control agents and S.sensing® system. Then, we willreport the case where the water quality control of the green liquor clarifier processcontributes to the stable operation of the kraft chemical recovery process.

The latest Pulper detrash system.“ S-PAL ”
Kazuma Hagiwara
AIKAWA Iron Works Co.,Ltd.
There have recently been substantial changes on the domestic recycle paper supplies inJapan, following the import restrictions of the used materials in China. It is expected tocontinue the tendency of such difficult procurement of the good quality recycle papers, which
would lead to increase the use of un-sorted recycle papers.
To contribute to establishing a resource recycling society as well as sustaining aconsistent paper recycling activity, we need to propose the upgrade of the stock preparation
processes for proper handling. On this paper we would like to introduce the latest technologyof the recycle paper pulping system (continuous detrash system) based on an actual casestudy.

First step for Smart Factory , Operational experience and effectiveness of SKF Condition Monitoring System
Hironobu Hemmi
Kanazu Mill,Rengo.Co.,Ltd
In the manufacturing industry, labor shortages are becoming more serious due to the declining
birthrate and aging population. In addition, sudden failures are increasing due to aging equipment andmachines, and it is necessary to consider the safety of maintenance work.
Therefore, this time, we introduced SKF (Global bearing manufacturer headquartered in Sweden)
bearing condition monitoring system to the Rengo Kanazu Mill No. 2 paper machine and remotely
monitored it 24 hours a day to detect abnormalities at an early stage and verify their effectiveness.
Since January 2020, SKF condition monitoring system has been introduced and started operation for
the rolls to be monitored, and it was found that the number of unplanned accident stops was reduced
after the implementation of the system. This is because sensors make it now possible to check the statusof bearings that cannot normally be inspected and early detection of abnormalities has made it possible
to take early maintenance actions on bearings. It is considered that it is possible to predict and maintainabnormalities of mechanical factors such as roll unbalance and loosening of housing mounting bolts.
In future, we will continue to introduce a condition monitoring system for the bearings of all rolls of
the No. 2 paper machine to further strengthen maintenance, and by repeating vibration analysis, wewill improve the accuracy of the threshold and make it a system suitable for the No. 2 paper machine.
Because of the success of this trial, Rengo plan to make all of our factories Smart Factories, and the SKF
condition monitoring system will be installed at all Rengo factories in the future.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

9

September 2022

Vol. 76, No. 9

Papermaking Technology Ⅰ
1 Report of the 26th Papermaking Technology Seminar……Papermaking Technology Committee, JAPAN TAPPI

4 Installation Reference of Energy Saving & Recovery by Dryer Hood and Air
System……Hidenori Tsuzuno, Jean Desharnais and Lawrence Yane
9 Basic Technologies and Latest Trends for Paper Machine―Dryer to Size Press―……Toshihiro Katano

15
23

Modification Example of Dryer and Size Press Part for Grade Conversion……Yang Xue

Basic Concept of Drainage System and Possibility of Energy Reduction……Hitoshi Terashima

28

Basic Technology of Tail Threading Equipment……Hiroaki Fukasawa

34

SmartPapyrus® Approach to Optimizing Operation……Hitomaru Sakata

Topics & Information

41

Newly Canvas Cleaner『ACE Cleaner』……Yosuke Sato

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan
（99）

46

Otake Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd

50

75th JAPAN TAPPI General Meeting

03
45
65

Committee report
Coffee break
Papyrus

73
78
86
87
89

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 September JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.9 Abstracts

Installation Reference of Energy Saving & Recovery by Dryer Hood and Air System
Hidenori Tsuzuno
Horikawa Engineering Works Ltd.
Jean Desharnais and Lawrence Yane
Enerquin Air Inc.
This is to report on energy saving by Enerquin High Due Pont dryer hood, which is replaced toexisting old T&G hood. At the same time existing pocket ventilators are replaced to new Mark II
pocket ventilation nozzles. As the result, hood balance is improved and steam saving of paper
dryers is evaluated. Also, heat recovery efficiency and Drying Rate efficiency are improved. Powerconsumption of supply fans and exhaust fans are considerably reduced.

Basic technologies and latest trends for paper machine-dryer to size pressToshihiro Katano
Application Eng. Dept., Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
In recent trends for carbon neutral, there is a growing demand for energy and raw material savings in
the papermaking process through further energy conservation and yield improvement. The mostimportant factor in saving energy in the papermaking process is how to reduce the moisture content of
paper, especially before the pressing process.
Although, the dryer part has the largest amount of energy input and is an important part with potential
for energy conservation and improvement.
This section first describes the cylinder dryer part and its ancillary equipment and mechanisms, as wellas air flotation dryers and IR dryers. In addition, as a recent trend, sizers have been installed between
the cylinder dryer parts as coating machines for external coating of paper strength materials and otherapplications. The functions of sizers and examples of their use will also be reported.

Modification Example of Dryer and Size press part for grade conversion
Yang Xue
Paper Projects, Valmet K.K
With the development of information and communication technology, the digitization of
information is progressing, and the market is changing rapidly. While market demand fornewspapers and coated paper has declined significantly, Consumption of tissue andcontainerboards is increasing rapidly due to the after coronavirus "New Normal" and e-commerce.
Demand for paper is declining, while demand for paperboard is expected to increase in the
future. Under these circumstances, attention is focused on the shift from the production of paper
such as newspaper and coated paper to the production of paperboard such as liners and cores. In
such an environment, the paper industry is also undergoing major changes in demand, and it isrequired to produce products that meet the demand of each production variety. In order toincrease the production of a certain paper, there are two methods, rebuilding (grade conversion)of existing machine and new machine. Since it takes time and cost to construct a new machine,
many mills select a method of rebuild to products equipment for newspaper that are not expected
to be in high demand and allocating them to the production of board that are expected to be indemand, that is grade conversion.
For grade conversion, we will introduce the rebuilding technology and Modification Example ofDryer and Size press part for grade conversion.

Basic Concept of Drainage System and Possibility of energy reduction
Hitoshi Terashima
MOTOYAMA SHINKOH CO.,LTD.
Compared to the original operating conditions for a paper machine, almost all current operating
conditions, such as paper weight and speed, have changed.
Saving energy may be possible by investigating and examining whether or not the drainage
system has kept up with these changes.
By changing the drainage system to match the paper being made, there should be many casesthat can expect improvements in quality and efficiency as well as realizing steam savings.
Here we report on what can be done from now on for the possibility of saving energy considering
the drainage system, within recent significant improvements in drying efficiency through sealed
hoods, air supply and exhaust, heat recovery system, etc.

Basic technology of Tail threading equipment
Hiroaki Fukasawa
Paper Machinery Engineering Dept., Kobayashi Engineering Works, Ltd.
Tail threading systems and equipment has been developed over the years to be able to automaticallythread the tail wherever an open draw occurred from one section to the next section of the machine.
Some eighty years ago the rope threading system was introduced to thread the dryer section, calenderand reel. Approximately sixty years ago the vacuum belt was introduced for threading systems at thedry end. The airfoil application was developed by Crown Zellerbach fifty some years ago.
The core parts of tail threading system introduced here are made in-house by utilizing the process
know-how and skills accumulated over many years in the Japanese paper industry. This combination
has succeeded in the epoch making improvement of tail threading system for whole parts of paper
machine.

🄬

SmartPapyrus

Approach to Optimizing Operations

Hitomaru Sakata
Technology Development TeamMAINTECH CO., LTD Fuji Technology Development Center
Maintech has been providing paper machines with Dryer Section Passivation technology (chemical
application combined with chemical product, equipment, and application methods) for over 30 years toprevent defect/sheet break due to dryer section depositions. As of July 2021, the number of applications
being operated over the world has topped 800 units. In recent years, the number of problems caused bymachine deposits has been increasing due to the worsening of the raw material of pulp situation. In
addition, it is becoming increasingly difficult to respond to machine dirt deposits in a timely andappropriate manner due to the decrease in the working population at production sites and the retirementof experienced employees. To address this issue, we are developing "SmartPapyrus", a system to prevent
defects and sheet breaks by visualizing machine dirt deposits using IoT, analyzing it using artificial
intelligence, and using machine dirt deposit prevention technology. For this reason, we developed
SmartPapyrus🄬 1.0, a system that uses AI to automatically classify images of defects. SmartPapyrus🄬
1.0 makes it possible to determine in real-time when and how many defects have occurred.
As a result, the necessity and effectiveness of countermeasures can be quantitatively confirmed.
In this report, we will introduce SmartPapyrus🄬 1.0 and discuss some examples of its use.

Newly Canvas Cleaner 『ACE Cleaner』
Yosuke Sato
Design Department / AIKAWA IRON WORKS CO.,LTD.
In recent years, canvas dirt due to deterioration of raw material quality has increased, thereby causing
problems such as lower air intake, deterioration of drying efficiency, and unstable moisture profile. At
the same time, since the improvement of the product quality is required, the canvas cleaner is required,especially in paperboard and newspaper product machines. Among them, we started selling highpressure cleaning equipment for machine tools about 20 years ago, and thanks to that, we have delivered
more than 100 units of canvas cleaners. Here,「ACE」cleaner, which is a dirty objects recovery systemby newly developed ejector air, is introduced together with various canvas cleaners of our company.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 10

CONTENTS

October 2022

Vol. 76, No. 10

Papermaking Technology Ⅱ
1 Possibility of Digitalization Technology in Paper Machine……Ryozo Shimizu
10 The Latest Thermal Spraying Technology to Solve Various Problems in the
Paper Machine Dry Part
16
23
29

―Breakthrough Non-stick Thermal Spraying and On-site Grinding Technology―……Kimiaki Iwane
Calender and Reel Part of Basic Theory and the Latest Trend……Keisuke Seita

The Transition and Latest Technology of Dryer Fabric……Susumu Takeuchi
Aikawa Canvas Cleaner……Tsuyoshi Yoshino

Topics & Information

33
38

The SmartPapyrus Realizes Work Style Reform in Paper Mills……Hitomaru Sakata

Quantitative Approach to Identify the Problematic Positions Causing Defects
with SmartPapyrus……Takayuki Shimo

Introduction of Research Laboratories（147）44

Laboratory of Timber Engineering, Research Group of Forest Science,
Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture,
Hokkaido University

03
46
47

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Papyrus

50
54
59
60
62

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 October JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.10 Abstracts

Possibility of Digitalization technology in paper machine
Ryozo Shimizu
Paper Machine Engineering Department, Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
For over five years, customers across the globe have been relying on the Papermaking 4.0 portfolio.
Our digital solutions offer enormous potential to increase efficiency and availability of paper productionlines. Thanks to individual packages customized for each customer worldwide, we offer the best possible
solutions with fast amortization, in less than a year. With over 300 digital installations to date, Voith is
the world’s leading provider of digital solutions. Our customers benefit from this experience in ongoingprojects.
Join us and help shape the future of paper production. Benefit from the huge potential offered by thedigital transformation of the paper industry to boost efficiency, quality and productivity, and gain an
important competitive advantage.
Let’s make papermaking digital.
As a full-line supplier, Voith delivers holistic solutions tailored to the customer’s needs. In concreteterms, this means that Voith takes responsibility for Operation and Information Technology
implementation and long-term support, as well as maintenance and paper technology. As a result, we
make improvements on a holistic level. This approach is also reflected in our modern business models,
which ensure we work together with our customers to achieve the right goals. Full-line, full service, full
benefit. Benefit from our holistic solutions from a single source for all aspects of Papermaking 4.0!

The latest thermal spraying technology to solve various problems in the paper machine dry part
- Breakthrough non-stick thermal spraying and on-site grinding technology Kimiaki Iwane
Tocalo Co.，Ltd Sales Division
The main problems in the paper machine dry part are paper defects and paper breaks due to dirt andwear on the surface of each roll. In particular, dryer cylinders and canvas rolls have a great influenceon paper defects and paper breaks. In the case of the dryer cylinder, wet paper containing a large amountof water and paper coated with a size liquid stick to the high temperature surface, so that surface stains
occur. Furthermore, wear and scratches occur due to the doctor blade used to remove dirt. In the case of
the canvas roll, pitch stains on the outside roll are likely to occur, and in the case of the inside roll, rustis likely to occur due to the surrounding environment. Both are major problems that directly affect paper
defects and paper breaks during operation.
This paper reports on breakthrough non-stick thermal spraying technology, on-site thermal spraying
and grinding technology that solves various problems of these dryer cylinders and canvas rolls.

Calender and Reel part of basic theory and the latest trend
Keisuke Seita
Paper technology, Valmet K.K.
In this paper according to improvement of paper machine, machine operation at higher speed
and higher quality is needed, also about energy saving is required. Both Calender and Reel partare continuously improved to meet that requirement.
The purpose of calendering is basically to improve paper surface roughness, impart gloss topaper, improve printability. Recently, to save bulk of paper after calender, as a new technology,
Valmet have developed Aqua cooling technology.
The purpose of reeling is to make the paper web in a form which is easier to handle. Challengesof reel is coping with wider and higher speed paper reeling, also to keep quality of reeled paper
under that situation. In order to meet that requirement, reel was developed from traditionalsurface reel, to with center driving, and to change reeling on rail. Also, technologies have beendeveloped about spool turn-up. As an example, a water jet turn-up device will be introduced.

The transition and latest technology of dryer fabricSusumu Takeuchi
Shikishima Canvas Co.,Ltd.
Dryer fabric plays an important role in the final process of the paper machine.
The basic function of dryer fabric is to promote wet paper drying with crimping steam-heated cylinders,
while holding and transporting the squeezed paper after the press section process.
Dryer fabric influences not only to the final paper quality, but also impacts greatly energy efficiency. In
other words, it leads to a decrease in production efficiency, an increase in energy consumption, and poor
paper quality, if you cannot perform by selecting a suitable fabric for each part.
Today, we also introduce the history of dryer fabric starting from cotton fabric and in addition ourlatest technological trend like thecountermeasures against the DIP-derived contamination problem and recent development to enable tomaintain air permeability by using CNF.
In the end, we would like to mention our future view and idea about what dryer fabric can contributefor the said Sustainability Support required socially in these days.

Aikawa Canvas Cleaner
Tsuyoshi Yoshino
AIKAWA Iron Works Co.Ltd.
The used paper utilization rate for the last 10 years has been around 64%, and the utilization
rate of paperboard exceeds 93%, so further improvement is difficult. In order to achieve a usedpaper utilization rate of 65% by 2025, it is conceivable to improve the utilization rate of materials
other than paperboard. Therefore, when using it for products that did not use recycled paper inthe past, it is necessary to take higher quality measures than ever before, and it is necessary tostrengthen the cleaning power of papermaking tools that are directly connected to the product.
Here, we will focus on the canvas cleaning of the dryer part, especially for papermaking tools,
introduce the types and features of our canvas cleaners, and propose models and cleaning
methods according to the application.

The SmartPapyrus Realizes Work Style Reform in Paper Mills.
Hitomaru Sakata
Technology Development TeamMAINTECH CO., LTD Fuji Technology Development Center
Maintech has been providing paper machines with Dryer Section Passivation technology (chemical
application combined with chemical product, equipment, and application methods) for over 30 years toprevent defect/sheet break due to dryer section depositions. As of July 2021, the number of applications
being operated over the word has topped 800 units. In recent years, the number of problems caused bymachine deposit has been increasing due to the worsening of the raw material of pulp situation. In
addition, it is becoming increasingly difficult to respond to machine dirt deposit in a timely andappropriate manner due to the decrease in the working population at production sites and the retirementof experienced employees. To address this issue, we are developing "SmartPapyrus", a system to prevent
defects and sheet breaks by visualizing machine dirt deposit using IoT, analyzing it using artificial
intelligence, and using machine dirt deposit prevention technology. In SmartPapyrus Ver.1, wedeveloped "SmartDepo.", which quantifies the contamination level by visualizing and quantifying thedirt deposit status of the fabric in realtime with a camera that can use high temperatures in the hoodexceeding 100 degrees Celsius. We have also developed "SmartChemical", which is linked to"FabriKeeper", a fabric cleaning system, and controls chemicals according to the stain status of the fabric.
This time results of the application of SmartPapyrus Ver.1 will be reported.

Quantitative Approach to Identify the Problematic Positions Causing Defects with SmartPapyrus
Takayuki Shimo
Technology Development TeamMAINTECH CO., LTD Fuji Technology Development Center
In recent years, the working population is expected to decrease in developed countries, including
Japan.
Difficulty of acquiring young human resources because of the declining birthrate, and the aging ofengineers means that if these trends continue, the experience and know-how developed over many
years will be lost due to the inability to pass on technology, and stable manufacturing process may
become difficult to achieve.
Japan's paper mills are no exception to this, and as it is difficult to acquire new human resources towork in the harsh conditions of high temperatures and humidity, and as experienced workers continue
to retire, the reform of work style at production sites could become a major issue for future
management.
As one of the solutions to these problems, we have developed “SmartPapyrus” to prevent defects andsheet breaks by visualizing machine dirt deposit using IoT, analyzing it using artificial intelligence, andusing machine dirt deposit prevention technology.
In the process of developing this system, it was important to have information on what kind of
defects occurred, “when”, “where”, and “how many” during the operation in order to conduct a
predictive analysis of defects and sheet breaks. However, the current defect detectors (WIS:Web
Inspection System) are only used to determine whether defective products haven’t been shipped, anddo not output information about where defects have occurred on the paper machine.
In order to identify the location of defect occurrence, experienced workers on site have to makedecisions based on their experience using the defect information output from the WIS.
In order to make it possible for anyone to make quantitative decisions about the process, we developed
an AI that incorporates the hunches and tips of experienced workers through image classification using
deep learning, and developed a defect image classification system that supports operations based on
the AI inference results.
This time, we will report our past efforts and future prospects.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 11

CONTENTS

November 2022

Vol. 76, No. 11

Pulp and Paper Research Conference
1 Report on the 89th Pulp and Paper Research Conference……Wood Science Committee, JAPAN TAPPI

9 Retention and Functionalization Mechanisms of Paper Chemicals Based on
Their Interactions with Cellulose Fibers in Papermaking Process……Akira Isogai

17 Development of Oil Repellent for Paper That Doesn’t Rely on Fluorine……Shun Shibata, Michio Matsuda and Tetsuya Uehara

21 Determination of pH of Aqueous Extracts in Neutral Region……Hiroyuki Noda
Topics & Information

24 Operating Experience of Canvas Cleaning Equipment……Satoru Honda
30 Heat Loss Diagnosis and Countermeasure for Steam Piping―Reduction of Heat Loss by the Aerogel Insulation Over-Wrapping Method―……Sho Suyama

34 The Latest Fiber Recovery Filter Applied for Pressure Screen……Toshio Dousaka
38 Attractive Effect of Long-life UV-LED Lamp on Flying Insects……Goro Kimura, Yuji Uchida, Hiroyuki Watanabe and Mitsuteru Hirono

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（100）42 Kanto Mill（Ichikawa），Hokuetsu Corporation

03
41
46

Committee report
Coffee break
Papyrus

50
56
64
65
67

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 November JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.11 Abstracts

Retention and functionalization of mechanisms of paper chemicals based on their interactions with cellulose fibers
in papermaking process
Akira Isogai
Laboratory of Cellulose Chemistry, Department of Biomaterial Sciences
The University of Tokyo
Alkyl ketene dimer (AKD), polyamine amide epichlorohydrin (PAE) resin, and aluminum sulfate
have been used in practical papermaking process for more than 60 years, and many fundamental andapplied technologies have been accumulated in papermaking mills. However, the actual papermaking
process is complicated, and no adequate theory has been established for explanation of all the related
phenomena and troubles owing to internal and external additions of paper chemicals without
contradiction. In the case of addition of internal chemicals, it is necessary to analyze and determine thecontents (or retention ratios) of the added chemicals in paper sheets for explanation of their functions
and also troubles. This is because most of troubles of paper sheets are caused first by insufficient
retention ratios of the internal paper additives, resulting in insufficient paper quality. Trace amounts ofsizing components in paper sheets are determined by pyrolysis-gas chromatography. The amounts ofcationic or anionic polymers containing nitrogen atoms (such as PAE and cationic/anionicpolyacrylamide) are determined by a gas chromatography-type nitrogen content analyzer. Someelementals such as aluminum and sulfur originating from aluminum sulfate are determined for paper
sheets by X-ray fluorescence analysis. When the contents of internal chemicals in paper sheets are
sufficiently high but paper functionalities are unexpectedly insufficient, some interactions between
paper chemicals and cellulose fibers and/or structural changes of the paper chemicals in the dried paper
sheets should be considered and analyzed. Particularly, in the wet-end papermaking systems, small
amounts of anionic carboxy groups in pulp fibers and fines play a significant role in electrostaticinteractions with cationic paper chemicals such as sizes, polymers, and aluminum compounds andsurface-anionic pulp fibers in water, their retention rations in paper sheets, homogenous distributions ofadditives in paper sheets, and resultant efficient functionalization. These concepts of chemical
modifications of pulp fibers using carboxy groups as scaffolds with paper chemicals in water may be
extended to efficient surface modifications of charged groups-containing nanocellulose with cationiccompounds in water to add water-resistance and hydrophobicity to hydrophilic nanocellulose. It is
expected that efficient surface modifications of nanocellulose will be developed on the basis of theinteraction and functionalization mechanisms of nanocellulose with cationic compounds in water.
Development of oil repellent for paper that doesn’t rely on fluorine
Shun Shibata, Michio Matsuda and Tetsuya Uehara
Unidyne Team, Product R&D Department, Chemicals Division, Daikin Industries, Ltd.
For more than half a century since 1968, "UNIDYNE" has been used as a water and oil repellent invarious fields such as paper, nonwoven fabrics, textiles, and carpets. In recent years, the U.S. Food andDrug Administration (FDA) has expressed concern about impurities in fluorine materials and we areworking on developing fluorine-free oil repellents for paper. Our goal is to be able to use fluorine-free oil
repellent agents without compromising the paper's inherent properties, such as water vapor
permeability and releasability that enables recycling.
We developed XP-8001, a fluorine-free oil-resistant agent for paper. By increasing the crystallinity ofalkyl groups with low surface tension, we achieved oil resistance at high temperatures. Compared toother fluorine-free products, XP-8001 makes it possible to prevent oil penetrating while maintaining thepaper's permeability. Since the product has demonstrated high performance in evaluations simulating
actual applications, we believe that it meets market requirements.
Daikin Industries, Ltd will continue to provide valuable products in the future.

Determination of pH of aqueous extracts in neutral region
Hiroyuki Noda
Tokushu Tokai Paper Co., Ltd.
This work sets out to investigate the determination of pH of aqueous extracts. Tokushu Tokai Paper
Co., Ltd uses pH of aqueous extracts as one of the quality standards for paper products used for theconservation papers such as mounting board. The product is applied to the preservation of culturalproperties and the storage of documents. The method for measuring the pH of aqueous extracts was
updated in 2012 to the method for measuring by adding a potassium chloride solution. The
determination of pH of aqueous extracts uses glass electrodes. Therefore, when we measured extract
having a small electric conductivity, the deviation was increased. This phenomenon is unavoidable interms of measurement principle. For many acid-free papers with calcium carbonate added, stable
extraction pH measurement results can be obtained with a glass electrode.
ISO29681: 2009 has a method of extracting a paper sample with a 0.1 mol/L potassium chloride
solution. For samples with a large amount of electrolyte, the deviation of the measured pH data will bedecreased. On the other hand, in the case of acid free paper with a small amount of electrolyte, thedeviation of the measured pH data was increased. And it is difficult in principle to measure pH accurately
when the amount of electrolyte is low and the pH is around 7. Comparing the determination methodwith the same paper sample, the pH tended to be lower when the added amount of potassium chloride
was large. In the case of the measurement method in which potassium chloride was not added, thedeviation of the measured pH data became larger as the water purity was higher. We report that it isaffected by the water used for extraction and the added potassium chloride solution.

Operating Experience of Canvas Cleaning Equipment
Satoru Honda
Fuji Mill, Oji Materia Co., Ltd.
Oji Materia Co., Ltd.'s Fuji Plant owns two paper machines: the N-1 machine for making corrugating
medium and the N-2 machine for making white paperboard. Both machines are capable of making paper
from 100% recycled paper, and play a role in Oji Materia as a resource-recycling plant.
The N-1 machine, which makes corrugating medium, is one of the leading high-speed paperboard
machines in Japan, capable of making paper at speeds of 1,000m/min or more. Caused by dirty tools, As
a result, defects are generated and paper breakage troubles are induced. In particular, dirt from sticky
substances that accumulates on the dryer parts is a cause of trouble, so we have taken a variety ofmeasures to strengthen cleaning with the existing high-pressure water canvas cleaner and regularcleaning of the blade-type cleaner, but we have struggled to cope with ensuring work safety.
As a countermeasure, we installed the “fabriKeeper” in the most dirty group in the dryer part in August2021 and obtained good results. We report the consideration of introduction, our operating experienceand results.

『Heat loss diagnosis and countermeasure for steam piping』-「Reduction of heat loss by the Aerogel Insulation Over-Wrapping Method」Sho Suyama
NICHIAS Corporation
In industrial field, we can't ignore the heat loss from steam pipes that happens as the water
absorption degrades a performance of insulation.
Here we introduce the countermeasure against this kind of heat loss, "The Aerogel Insulation
Over-Wrapping Method".
We won the Grand Prize for Excellence in Energy Efficiency and Conservation in 2018 for thecountermeasure method, which suggests ① Visualization of heat loss ② Improvement bystrengthening heat retention ③Verification of effect.

The latest fiber recovery filter applied for pressure screen
Toshio Dousaka
Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
The recent target of Stock Preparation System is to improve stock quality, to save energy and to savefiber loss. Also the importance of water saving is also getting higher as other target. This means that
effluent treatment is also need to be improved to get better recycled water to reduce the usage of flesh
water.
Typical effluent treatment has two steps as primary (with DAF: Dissolving Air Flotation) andsecondary (with sedimentation). After water clarification, sludge comes out from the system. Sludge
includes some short fibers which can be reused, and usually sludge is treated by landfilling finally. If
short fibers are reused it would save the cost not only of fibers but also of landfill.
To recover the short fibers usually Disc Filter is applied, but a Disc Filter need big installation areaand expensive cost of machine itself. Therefore it is not still applied for many customers yet, especiallyfor the customers in small production.
To recover more short fibers at effluent treatment in relatively small flow ratio, smaller and easiermachine is necessary. In this article, I introduce the latest fiber recovery technology with screen basket.
Attractive effect of long-life UV-LED lamp on flying insects
Goro Kimura
Technical Research Laboratory，Ikari Shodoku Co.,Ltd.
Yuji Uchida
Product Development Division，Ikari Shodoku Co.,Ltd.
Hiroyuki Watanabe , Mitsuteru Hirono
Second Sales Division，Ikari Shodoku Co.,Ltd.
There is a need to switch from fluorescent lamps to LEDs as the light source to attract insects. We
have been selling UV-LED based light trap since 2017. In 2021, we have developed UV-LED lampthat have a longer lifespan and save more energy than conventional UV-LED lamp. In this study,
we compared the attracting effect of old and new UV-LED lamp. There was no significant differencein the number of flying insects captured by the light trap with UV-LED lamp before and after the
improvement. These results suggested that the new UV-LED lamp would be an energy-saving,long-life, and high insect attractiveness.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 12

CONTENTS

December 2022

Vol. 76, No. 12

Environment
1 A Report of the 29th Environmental Conference……Environmental Technical Committee, JAPAN TAPPI

3 Basic Principles of Microbubbles and Their Use in Wastewater Treatment
OZAC Wastewater Treatment System……Masashi Toyooka
13 Anaerobic MBR for High Organic Wastewater Treatment and Biogas Recovery
18
25
31
38
46
54

……Kazuya Komatsu

Forest Management Projects at the J-Credit Scheme………Tatsushi Ogita
Trends of Sustainability for Biofuels and Carbon Neutrality……Keiichi Nakamata
Current Status and Challenges of PCB Waste Treatment, Future Prospects……Tositaka Shimizu

On Pro-Growth Carbon Pricing………Jiro Arai
Regarding The Plastic Resource Circulation Act………Fumika Etou
Supply-chain（Scope 1, 2, 3）Emissions Accounting and Trend in Supply Chain
Emissions Reduction………Naoyuki Kyoden

Introduction of Research Laboratories（148）64 Laboratory of Fibrous Biomaterials, Chair of Biomaterials Technology, Divisionof Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto
University

Research Report

68 Efficient Removing of CaCO3 by Hydrochloric Acid Treatment under pH
Monitoring in Paper Sludge Suspension………Kisuke Shibata, Michiko Egawa, Takeshi Kubota, Kohji Omata and Hidetoshi Miyazaki

03
66
67
79

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

81
86
91
92
94

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2022 December JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.76, No.12 Abstracts

Basic Principles of Microbubbles and Their Use in Wastewater Treatment
OZAC Wastewater Treatment System
Masashi Toyooka
ENVIROVISION CO,. LTD.
The OZAC Wastewater Treatment System is an innovative wastewater treatment system that applies
the YJ Nozzle, a micro- and nano-bubble generator. It directly decomposes organic matter by free radicals
due to the crushing action of ozone fine (micro)bubbles. In addition, high-efficiency microbial treatmentusing ACB carrier, a special carrier containing activated carbon, enables significant reductions in BOD
and COD without relying on chemicals.
This wastewater treatment system enables sludge volume reduction, capacity increase, and energy
saving that have never existed before. As a wastewater treatment system for the new era of fine bubbles,
it can handle various wastewater treatments, from small septic tanks to large-scale factory wastewater
treatment. It has the following features:
1. Since almost no sludge is generated, river discharge is realized without the need for a sedimentationtank.
2. No odor is generated.
3. The amount of chemicals used is drastically reduced, and running costs are also reduced.
4. The processing capacity is more than twice that of conventional methods.
5. Good at processing oil and SS.
6. Reduces power energy consumption.
In addition, since it is possible to install an adjustment tank or aeration tank using it as it is without
remodeling the existing facility, there is no need to carry out large-scale construction, and it is possible tosignificantly reduce costs. It has been installed in several factories and has been well tested inwastewater treatment at paper mills.

Anaerobic MBR for high organic wastewater treatment and biogas recovery
Kazuya Komatsu
Kurita Water Industries ltd.
Anaerobic biological treatment is a wastewater treatment technology that saves energy and waste sludge, andrecovers energy, and its application is progressing. However, conventional anaerobic treatment processes such as
UASB and EGSB are difficult to apply to wastewater containing SS and oil and high COD wastewater of tens of
thousands mg/L or more. Anaerobic MBR is a process that can be applied to these wastewaters without
pretreatment or dilution, allowing wastewater treatment and biogas recovery. The features of the anaerobic MBR
and application examples for dairy wastewater treatment are described.

Forest Management Projects at the J-Credit Scheme
Tatsushi Ogita
Sustainability Consulting Division 1, Mizuho Research & Technologies, Ltd.
The J-Credit Scheme is the Japanese-governmental institution to certify the amount of greenhousegas (GHG, such as CO2) emissions reduced and removed by sinks. After the 2050 carbon neutral
declaration by the Government, forest sink especially gets growing interests as the most traditional andsubstantial way of negative emissions and rapidly increases the number of its projects registered at the
Scheme. In order to accelerate the registration of forest sink projects and certification of their GHG
removals, in August 2022, the Scheme conducted the revision to introduce the following rules:
1） If no final cutting is planned or all the final cuttings are planned accompanied by reforestations,a forest management project registrant may omit the demonstration of additionality because ofhigh probability of the project’s deficit operation.
2） Not only planted forests with a forestry operation after April 1990 but also natural forests withconservation activities after the project registration can be certified GHG removals.
3） If reforestation is conducted within two year after final cutting, forecasted GHG removals until
the standard final-cutting age of the reforested trees can be certified at the year of the reforestation
because those trees are highly probable to properly grow until that standard age without finalcutting under the certified forest management plan.
4） A forest management project registrant can have GHG removals, which are regarded to remaincontained in harvested wood products for 90 years, certified.
5） A third party who reforest at cut over areas can have GHG removals certified based on the newlyestablished methodology of reforestation, even if reforested trees are not under the certified forest
management plan.

Trends of Sustainability for Biofuels and Carbon Neutrality
Keiichi Nakamata
Hokuetsu Corporation
Biomass power generation has been introduced as one of the renewable energies for the prevention of
global warming. However, in recent years it has been reviewed from the viewpoint of sustainability,
mainly in the EU. The sustainability criteria for biomass fuels were require to ensure the human rights
regarding fuel procurement and its legality, and consideration for biodiversity. Furthermore, in the 2018
renewable energy directive, the life cycle greenhouse gas of biomass fuel was required to be reduced by
80% from that of the reference fuel. The following is the background of this revies: Since forest clearcutting in the EU to procure wood for biomass fuel has been progressing, strong opposition movements
by environmental groups occurred; Scientists has proposed “the scope of renewable energy certificatesshall be Limited to wood wastes and residues.
In response to these EU trends, the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy (ANRE) in Japan
has started to review the sustainability criteria as well, am is proceeding with stufies toward theintroduction of sustainability criteria.
Current Status and Challenges of PCB Waste Treatment, Future Prospects
Shimizu Tositaka
Environmental Regeneration and Material Cycles Bureau, Ministry of the Environment
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) has excellent insulation properties. PCB has been widely used ininsulating oil in electrical equipment. Bat, since it has been found to be harmful to the human body andthe environment, disposal of equipment that uses PCBs is proceeding.
PCB waste is classified into high-concentration PCB waste and low-concentration PCB waste. Highconcentration PCB waste is disposed of by JESCO (Japan Environmental Storage & Safety Corporation).
Low-concentration PCB waste is disposed of at facilities approved by prefectural governors andordinance mayors. The treatment method and the processing deadline are stipulated in the Act on
Special Measures Concerning PCB and the Electricity Enterprises Act.
This report explains the disposal schedule and progress of PCB waste, which remains widely
throughout the country, as well as how to investigate and identify PCB contaminants and how to deal
with them if they are found.

Carbon Pricing for Growth
Jiro Arai
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
Bureau of Industry, Technology and Environment
This lecture explained the concept of “Pro-growth Carbon pricing (CP) ”, while touching on topics
such as domestic/international trends regarding climate change and policies by the Ministry of
Economy, Trade and Industry (METI).
CP is an economic instrument to move towards carbon neutrality (CN), and various methods such ascarbon tax, emissions trading systems, and credit trading exists, depending on the entity which
implements CP and the explicitness of carbon prices. The Government of Japan’s policy to date has
been to promote CP on a voluntary and market basis as "Pro-growth CP", which will enhance thecompetitiveness of industries, innovation, and investment.
In response to the government policy, METI has established the GX League, in which participatingcompanies voluntarily set ambitious emissions reduction targets and conduct emissions trading toachieve those targets. The GX League also serves as a platform for discussing and creating future
visions towards CN, market creation, and rulemaking. Since the announcement of the GX League's
basic concept in February of this year, 440 companies have endorsed it, covering over 40% of Japan's
emissions.
Simultaneously, to publicize and visualize the price of carbon credits circulating domestically such as
J-Credits and JCM, and stimulate transactions, a Carbon Credit Market will be established.
The GX League and Carbon Credit Market are to undergo demonstration tests in FY2022 and to be
fully operational in FY 2023, as explicitly stated in the latest government policy documents such as the
Clean Energy Strategy and the New Capitalism "Action Plan". METI will continue to promote
initiatives regarding Pro-growth CP.
Regarding The Plastic Resource Circulation Act
Fumika Etou
Environmental Regeneration and Material Cycles Bureau, Ministry of the Environment
Plastic is lightweight, durable, easy to mold, and non-corrodible, making it an indispensable material
in society today. And its utility extends to a wide range of products, containers, and packaging.
At the same time, there is a growing need to promote domestic resource circulation of plastics as a way
to deal with the issues of marine plastic litter, climate change, and enhanced import control of wastematerials in other countries and so forth. The Plastic Resource Circulation Act was brought into effecton April 1, 2022, to strengthen the comprehensive resource circulation system for plastics used in diverse
ways. The Act focuses on plastic as a material used in a wide range of products and aims to promoteresource circulation of plastics based on the “3R + Renewable” initiative by all stakeholders at every
stage of its lifecycle, from product design to waste disposal. Towards the resource circulation of plastics
in Japan, a number of initiatives are advancing while collaborating with all stakeholders including
municipalities, businesses and consumers at each stage of the lifecycle of plastics.

Supply-chain (Scope1,2,3) emissions accounting and trend in supply chain emissions reduction
Naoyuki Kyoden
Executive Officer, General Manager of Disclosure Support Department, Carbon Neutral Division, blue dot green Inc.
In recent years, the pursuit of the 1.5°C target by the Paris Agreement and COP26, andrelated initiatives such as the TCFD recommendations, have led to the need to account theemissions not only of one's own company（Scope 1+2） but also of the entire supply chain (Scope3). There are several methods for accounting Scope 3, but the method based on supplier-specificvalues (carbon footprint) is preferred over the method based on physical quantity or monetarydata. In order to implement reductions in Scope 3 emissions, it is necessary to involve
stakeholders as well as the company itself.

Efficient removing of CaCO3 by hydrochloric acid treatment under pH monitoring in paper sludge suspension
Kisuke Shibata, Michiko Egawa, Takeshi Kubota, Kohji Omata, Hidetoshi Miyazaki
Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University
In this study, we aimed to realize a removal of CaCO3 by hydrochloric acid treatment at the optimum
amount while pH monitoring was performed on the PS suspension. Initially, as a standard measurement,
suspensions prepared with commercially CaCO3 powder were reacted with hydrochloric acid. The
CaCO3 powder in suspension was taken to react in about 10 minutes. Furthermore, it was also foundthat CaCO3 powder could be almost completely removed by adding hydrochloric acid to less than thesuspension pH of 2. Using these results, we attempted to efficiently remove CaCO3 in paper sludge (PS)with hydrochloric acid under monitoring pH of suspension. X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescenceelemental analysis were performed on samples of PS calcined after hydrochloric acid treatment, andCaCO3 in the source PS was almost removed. The removed CaCO3 from the PS was recovered from thetreated solution as CaCl2･2H2O. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of samples of the PS before andafter hydrochloric acid treatment revealed that paper-derived fibers in the PS were hardly dissolved byhydrochloric acid treatment at pH 2. In addition, we confirmed partially self-ignition of the acid treated
PS because of the organic-derived fibers remaining in the acid treated PS.