EEAPVPF

TG/Aglaonema
ORIGINAL: English
DATE: 2013-07-03

EAST ASIA PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION FORUM

Aglaonema
Aglaonema Schott

GUIDELINESFOR THE CONDUCT OF TESTSFOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY

Alternative Names:
Botanical nameEnglishThai

Aglaonema Schott

Chinese Evergreen

Kaew Karn Cha Na

The purpose of these guidelines (“Test Guidelines”) is to fulfill the activities under the EAPVP Forum on
harmonization of Test Guidelines.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

1. SUBJECT OF THESE TEST GUIDELINES.................................................................................................................................... 3
2. MATERIAL REQUIRED ................................................................................................................................................................. 3
3. METHOD OF EXAMINATION ...................................................................................................................................................... 3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5

NUMBER OF GROWING CYCLES ................................................................................................................................................. 3
TESTING PLACE ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3
CONDITIONS FOR CONDUCTING THE EXAMINATION.................................................................................................................... 3
TEST DESIGN............................................................................................................................................................................. 3
ADDITIONAL TESTS ................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4. ASSESSMENT OF DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY ..................................................................................... 4
4.1
4.2
4.3

DISTINCTNESS ........................................................................................................................................................................... 4
UNIFORMITY ............................................................................................................................................................................. 5
STABILITY ................................................................................................................................................................................. 5

5. GROUPING OF VARIETIES AND ORGANIZATION OF THE GROWING TRIAL ................................................................... 5
6. INTRODUCTION TO THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................................................... 5
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4

CATEGORIES OF CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................................................................................... 5
STATES OF EXPRESSION AND CORRESPONDING NOTES ............................................................................................................... 6
TYPES OF EXPRESSION............................................................................................................................................................... 6
EXAMPLE VARIETIES ................................................................................................................................................................. 6

7. TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS/TABLEAU DES CARACTERES/MERKMALSTABELLE/TABLA DE
CARACTERES ................................................................................................................................................................................. 8
8. EXPLANATIONS ON THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................................................. 19
8.1
8.2

EXPLANATIONS COVERING SEVERAL CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................................................... 19
EXPLANATIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................. 19

9. LITERATURE ................................................................................................................................................................................ 28
10. TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE ................................................................................................................................................. 29

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1.

Subject of these Test Guidelines
These Test Guidelines apply to all varieties of Aglaonema Schott.

2.

Material Required

2.1
The competent authorities decide on the quantity and quality of the plant material required for testing thevariety and when and where it is to be delivered. Applicants submitting material from a State other than that in which
the testing takes place must ensure that all customs formalities and phytosanitary requirements are complied with.
2.2
The material is to be supplied in the form of plants capable of producing the required number of leaves overthe growing period.
2.3

The minimum quantity of plant material, to be supplied by the applicant, should be:
10 plants.

2.4
The plant material supplied should be visibly healthy, not lacking in vigor, nor affected by any important pestor disease.
2.5
The plant material should not have undergone any treatment which would affect the expression of thecharacteristics of the variety, unless the competent authorities allow or request such treatment. If it has been treated,full details of the treatment must be given.

3.

Method of Examination

3.1

Number of Growing Cycles
The minimum duration of tests should normally be a single growing cycle.

3.2

Testing Place

Tests are normally conducted at one place. In the case of tests conducted at more than one place, guidance isprovided in TGP/9 “Examining Distinctness”.
3.3

Conditions for Conducting the Examination

3.3.1
The tests should be carried out under conditions ensuring satisfactory growth for the expression of the relevantcharacteristics of the variety and for the conduct of the examination.
3.3.2
Because daylight varies, color determinations made against a color chart should be made either in a suitablecabinet providing artificial daylight or in the middle of the day in a room without direct sunlight. The spectral
distribution of the illuminant for artificial daylight should conform with the CIE Standard of Preferred Daylight D 6500
and should fall within the tolerances set out in the British Standard 950, Part I. These determinations should be madewith the plant part placed against a white background. The color chart and version used should be specified in thevariety description.
3.4

Test Design

3.4.1

Each test should be designed to result in a total of at least 10 plants.

3.4.2
The design of the tests should be such that plants or parts of plants may be removed for measurement or
counting without prejudice to the observations which must be made up to the end of the growing cycle.

3.5

Additional Tests
Additional tests, for examining relevant characteristics, may be established.

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4.

Assessment of Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability

4.1

Distinctness
4.1.1

General Recommendations

It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to consult the General Introduction prior to
making decisions regarding distinctness. However, the following points are provided for elaboration or emphasis inthese Test Guidelines.
4.1.2

Consistent Differences

The differences observed between varieties may be so clear that more than one growing cycle is not necessary.
In addition, in some circumstances, the influence of the environment is not such that more than a single growing cycle
is required to provide assurance that the differences observed between varieties are sufficiently consistent. One meansof ensuring that a difference in a characteristic, observed in a growing trial, is sufficiently consistent is to examine thecharacteristic in at least two independent growing cycles.
4.1.3

Clear Differences

Determining whether a difference between two varieties is clear depends on many factors, and should consider,in particular, the type of expression of the characteristic being examined, i.e. whether it is expressed in a qualitative,
quantitative, or pseudo-qualitative manner. Therefore, it is important that users of these Test Guidelines are familiar
with the recommendations contained in the General Introduction prior to making decisions regarding distinctness.
4.1.4

Number of Plants / Parts of Plants to be Examined

Unless otherwise indicated, for the purposes of distinctness, all observations on single plants should be madeon 9 plants or parts taken from each of 9 plants and any other observations made on all plants in the test, disregarding
any off-type plants.
4.1.5

Method of Observation

The recommended method of observing the characteristic for the purposes of distinctness is indicated by thefollowing key in the second column of the Table of Characteristics (see document TGP/9 “Examining Distinctness”,
Section 4 “Observation of characteristics”):
MG:
MS:
VG:
VS:

single measurement of a group of plants or parts of plants
measurement of a number of individual plants or parts of plants
visual assessment by a single observation of a group of plants or parts of plants
visual assessment by observation of individual plants or parts of plants

Type of observation: visual (V) or measurement (M)“Visual” observation (V) is an observation made on the basis of the expert’s judgment. For the purposes ofthis document, “visual” observation refers to the sensory observations of the experts and, therefore, also
includes smell, taste and touch. Visual observation includes observations where the expert uses reference
points (e.g. diagrams, example varieties, side-by-side comparison) or non-linear charts (e.g. color charts).
Measurement (M) is an objective observation against a calibrated, linear scale e.g. using a ruler, weighing
scales, colorimeter, dates, counts, etc.
Type of record: for a group of plants (G) or for single, individual plants (S)For the purposes of distinctness, observations may be recorded as a single record for a group of plants orparts of plants (G), or may be recorded as records for a number of single, individual plants or parts of plants(S). In most cases, “G” provides a single record per variety and it is not possible or necessary to apply
statistical methods in a plant-by-plant analysis for the assessment of distinctness.
In cases where more than one method of observing the characteristic is indicated in the Table of Characteristics (e.g.
VG/MG), guidance on selecting an appropriate method is provided in document TGP/9, Section 4.2.

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4.2

Uniformity

4.2.1
It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to consult the General Introduction prior to
making decisions regarding uniformity. However, the following points are provided for elaboration or emphasis inthese Test Guidelines:
4.2.2
For the assessment of uniformity of vegetatively propagated varieties, a population standard of 1% and an
acceptance probability of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample size of 10 plants, 1 off-type is allowed.
4.3

Stability

4.3.1
In practice, it is not usual to perform tests of stability that produce results as certain as those of the testing ofdistinctness and uniformity. However, experience has demonstrated that, for many types of variety, when a variety has
been shown to be uniform, it can also be considered to be stable.
4.3.2
Where appropriate, or in cases of doubt, stability may be further examined by testing a new plant stock toensure that it exhibits the same characteristics as those shown by the initial material supplied.

5.

Grouping of Varieties and Organization of the Growing Trial

5.1
The selection of varieties of common knowledge to be grown in the trial with the candidate varieties and theway in which these varieties are divided into groups to facilitate the assessment of distinctness are aided by the use ofgrouping characteristics.
5.2
Grouping characteristics are those in which the documented states of expression, even where produced at
different locations, can be used, either individually or in combination with other such characteristics: (a) to selectvarieties of common knowledge that can be excluded from the growing trial used for examination of distinctness; and(b) to organize the growing trial so that similar varieties are grouped together.
5.3

The following have been agreed as useful grouping characteristics:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(k)

Leaf blade: length (characteristic 10)
Leaf blade: width (characteristic 11)
Leaf blade: color 1 (characteristic 17)
Leaf blade: distribution of color 1 (characteristic 18)
Leaf blade: total area of color 1 (characteristic 20)
Leaf blade: color 2 (characteristic 21)
Leaf blade: distribution of color 2 (characteristic 22)
Leaf blade: total area of color 2 (characteristic 24)
Leaf blade: color 3 (characteristic 25)
Leaf blade: distribution of color 3 (characteristic 26)
Leaf blade: total area of color 3 (characteristic 28)

5.4
Guidance for the use of grouping characteristics, in the process of examining distinctness, is provided throughthe General Introduction and document TGP/9 “Examining Distinctness”.

6.

Introduction to the Table of Characteristics

6.1

Categories of Characteristics
6.1.1

Standard Test Guidelines Characteristics

Standard Test Guidelines characteristics are those which are approved by UPOV for examination of DUS andfrom which members of the Union can select those suitable for their particular circumstances.
6.1.2
Asterisked Characteristics
Asterisked characteristics (denoted by *) are those included in the Test Guidelines which are important for theinternational harmonization of variety descriptions and should always be examined for DUS and included in the variety
description by all members of the Union, except when the state of expression of a preceding characteristic or regional
environmental conditions render this inappropriate.

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6.2

States of Expression and Corresponding Notes

6.2.1
States of expression are given for each characteristic to define the characteristic and to harmonize descriptions.
Each state of expression is allocated a corresponding numerical note for ease of recording of data and for the productionand exchange of the description.
6.2.2
In the case of qualitative and pseudo-qualitative characteristics (see Chapter 6.3), all relevant states of
expression are presented in the characteristic. However, in the case of quantitative characteristics with 5 or more states,
an abbreviated scale may be used to minimize the size of the Table of Characteristics. For example, in the case of aquantitative characteristic with 9 states, the presentation of states of expression in the Test Guidelines may be
abbreviated as follows:
State
small
medium
large

Note
3
5
7

However, it should be noted that all of the following 9 states of expression exist to describe varieties and should be used
as appropriate:Statevery small
very small to small
small
small to medium
mediummedium to large
large
large to very large
very large

Note
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

6.2.3
Further explanation of the presentation of states of expression and notes is provided in document TGP/7“Development of Test Guidelines”.
6.3

Types of Expression

An explanation of the types of expression of characteristics (qualitative, quantitative and pseudo-qualitative) is
provided in the General Introduction.
6.4

Example Varieties
Where appropriate, example varieties are provided to clarify the states of expression of each characteristic.

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6.5

Legend(*)

Asterisked characteristic– see Chapter 6.1.2

QL
QN
PQ

Qualitative characteristic
Quantitative characteristic
Pseudo-qualitative characteristic– see Chapter 6.3– see Chapter 6.3– see Chapter 6.3

MG, MS, VG, VS– see Chapter 4.1.5(a)-(d) See Explanations on the Table of Characteristics in Chapter 8.1(+)

See Explanations on the Table of Characteristics in Chapter 8.2.

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7.

Table of Characteristics
Example Varieties
1.

VG/ Plant: height
MG

QN

(a)

2.

Note

short

Subrungrueng

3

mediumChalit’s Pride

5

tall

Thep Ranjuan

7

Cassic1

VG/ Plant: number of basal shoots
MS

(+)
QN

(a)

absent or very few
few

3.

2

mediumKatharngen

3

many

Chaowang

4

VG/ Petiole: length
MS

(+)
QN

(b)

short
mediumChalit’ s Pride

5

long

Katharngen

7absent or very short

World Heritage

1

short

Bebadary3

mediumPritty5long

Katharngen

7

Saisamorn

1

4.
(*)

VG

Petiole: main color

PQ

(b)

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)

5.
(*)

VG

Petiole: secondary color (if present)

PQ

(b)

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)

6.
(*)
(+)

VG/ Leaf sheath: length
MS

QN

(b)

7.

3

VG

Leaf sheath: angle of apical part(b)strongly acute(+)
QN

moderately acuterectangular2
Supmongkon

moderately obtuse
strongly obtuse

3
4

Katharngen

5

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Example Varieties

Note

8.
(*)

VG

Leaf sheath: main color of outer side

PQ

(b)

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)

9.

VG

Leaf sheath: secondary color of outer side

(*)

(b)

none

1

white

2

yellow

3

green

4

pinkish5

reddish

6

PQ

10.
(*)
(+)

VG/ Leaf blade: length
MS

QN

(b)

short

Black Beauty

3

medium

Tiara

5

long

Thep Ranjuan

7narrow

Thep Ranjuan

3

mediumKatharngen

5

broad

World Heritage

7

11.
(*)
(+)

VG/ Leaf blade: width
MS

QN

(b)

12.

VG/ Leaf blade: ratio length/width
MS

(+)
QN

(b)

low

3

medium

5

high

7

13.
(*)

VG

Leaf blade: position of broadest part

(+)

(b)

towards base

Ribbon Evergreen

1

at middle

Pride of Sumatra

2

towards apex

Ik Q san3

Katharngen

1

QN

14.

VG

Leaf blade: symmetry

QN

(b)

symmetric or slightly asymmetricmoderately asymmetricstrongly asymmetric2
Russamithong

３

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Example Varieties
15.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: shape of apex

PQ

(b)

strongly acute

Note

1

moderately acute

Chalit’s Pride2

obtuseD Colour

3

16.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: shape of base

PQ

(b)

attenuate

1

acute

2

obtuseChalit’ s Pridetruncate
cordate3
4

World Heritage

5

17.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: color 1

PQ

(b)
(c)
(d)

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)

18.

VG

Leaf blade: distribution of color 1

(*)

(b)

along midrib

1

(+)

(c)

marginal zone2

between midrib and margin

3

along veins

4

between veins5throughout

6

along midrib and marginal zone

7

along midrib and along veins8along midrib and throughout

9along veins and between veins10

marginal zone and throughout

11

along midrib and along veins and throughout

12along midrib, along veins and between veins13along midrib, marginal zone and along veins

14

PQ

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Example Varieties

Note

19.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: pattern of color 1

PQ

(b)

small blotched1(c)small to medium blotched２

medium blotched３

medium to large blotched４large blotched

５solid or nearly solid

6

20.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: total area of color 1

QN

(b)

small

3

(c)

medium

5

large

7

21.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: color 2

PQ

(b)
(c)
(d)

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)

22.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: distribution of color 2

PQ

(b)

along midrib

1(c)marginal zone2

between midrib and margin

3

along veins

4

between veins5throughout

6

along midrib and marginal zone

7

along midrib and along veins8along midrib and throughout

9along veins and between veins10

marginal zone and throughout

11

along midrib and along veins and throughout

12along midrib, along veins and between veins13along midrib, marginal zone and along veins

14

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Example Varieties

Note

23.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: pattern of color 2

PQ

(b)

small blotched1(c)medium blotched2large blotched3

small to medium blotched4

medium to large blotched

5solid or nearly solid

6

24.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: total area of color 2

QN

(b)

small

3

(c)

medium

5

large

7

25.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: color 3

PQ

(b)
(c)
(d)

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)

26.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: distribution of color 3

PQ

(b)

along midrib

1(c)marginal zone2

between midrib and margin

3

along veins

4

between veins5throughout

6

along midrib and marginal zone

7

along midrib and along veins8along midrib and throughout

9along veins and between veins10

marginal zone and throughout

11

along midrib and along veins and throughout

12along midrib, along veins and between veins13along midrib, marginal zone and along veins

14

27.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: pattern of color 3

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Example Varieties
PQ

Note

(b)

small blotched1(c)medium blotched2large blotched3

small to medium blotched4

medium to large blotched

5solid or nearly solid

6

28.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: total area of color 3

QN

(b)

small

3

(c)

medium

5

large

7

29.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: color 4

PQ

(b)
(c)
(d)

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)

30.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: distribution of color 4

PQ

(b)

along midrib

1(c)marginal zone2

between midrib and margin

3

along veins

4

between veins5throughout

6

along midrib and marginal zone

7

along midrib and along veins8along midrib and throughout

9along veins and between veins10

marginal zone and throughout

11

along midrib and along veins and throughout

12along midrib, along veins and between veins13along midrib, marginal zone and along veins

14

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Example Varieties

Note

31.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: pattern of color 4

PQ

(b)

small blotched1(c)medium blotched2large blotched3

small to medium blotched4

medium to large blotched

5solid or nearly solid

6

32.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: total area of color 4

QN

(b)

small

3

(c)

medium

5

large

7

33.
(*)

VG

Leaf blade: color 1 of lower side

PQ

(b)
(d)

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)

34.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: distribution of color 1 of lower side

PQ

(b)

along midrib

1

marginal zone2

between midrib and margin

3

along veins

4

between veins5throughout

6

along midrib and marginal zone

7

along midrib and along veins8along midrib and throughout

9along veins and between veins10

marginal zone and throughout

11

along midrib and along veins and throughout

12along midrib, along veins and between veins13along midrib, marginal zone and along veins

14

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Example Varieties

Note

35.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: pattern of color 1 of lower side

PQ

(b)

small blotched1

small to medium blotched２

medium blotched３

medium to large blotched４large blotched

５solid or nearly solid

6

36.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: total area of color 1 of lower side

QN

(b)

small

3

medium

5

large

7

37.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: color 2 of lower side

PQ

(b)
(d)

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)

38.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: distribution of color 2 of lower side

PQ

(b)

along midrib

1

marginal zone2

between midrib and margin

3

along veins

4

between veins5throughout

6

along midrib and marginal zone

7

along midrib and along veins8along midrib and throughout

9along veins and between veins10

marginal zone and throughout

11

along midrib and along veins and throughout

12along midrib, along veins and between veins13along midrib, marginal zone and along veins

14

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Example Varieties

Note

39.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: pattern of color 2 of lower side

PQ

(b)

small blotched1

medium blotched2large blotched3

small to medium blotched4

medium to large blotched

5solid or nearly solid

6

40.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: total area of color 2 of lower side

QN

(b)

small

3

medium

5

large

7

41.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: color 3 of lower side

PQ

(b)
(d)

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)

42.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: distribution of color 3 of lower side

PQ

(b)

along midrib

1

marginal zone2

between midrib and margin

3

along veins

4

between veins5throughout

6

along midrib and marginal zone

7

along midrib and along veins8along midrib and throughout

9along veins and between veins10

marginal zone and throughout

11

along midrib and along veins and throughout

12along midrib, along veins and between veins13along midrib, marginal zone and along veins

14

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Example Varieties

Note

43.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: pattern of color 3 of lower side

PQ

(b)

small blotched1

medium blotched2large blotched3

small to medium blotched4

medium to large blotched

5solid or nearly solid

6

44.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: total area of color 3 of lower side

QN

(b)

small

3

medium

5

large

7

45.
(*)

VG

Leaf blade: glossiness

QN

(b)

absent or very weak

(c)

weak

2

medium

3

strongKatharngen

1Black Beauty

4

46.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: blistering

QN

(b)

absent or very weak

Katharngen

1

weak

World Heritage2

mediumTiara

3strong

4

47
(*)

VG

Leaf blade: undulation of margin

QN

(b)

absent or very weak

Chalit’ s Pride

1

weak

Katharngen

2

medium

Saisamorn3strongBlack Beauty

4

Katharngen

1

48.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade: profile in cross section

QN

(b)

flat
slightly concave
moderately concave

2
Tiara

3

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Example Varieties

Note

49.
(*)
(+)

VG

Leaf blade midrib: profile

QN

(b)

raisedLagazy

1

(c)

flat

Katharngen

2

sunkenRussamithong

3Black Beauty

3

50.
(*)
(+)

VG/ Leaf blade: number of vein pairs
MS

QN

(b)

few
mediummany

5
Kwakngen7

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8.

Explanations on the Table of Characteristics

8.1

Explanations covering several characteristics

8.1.1
Characteristics containing the following key in the second column of the Table of Characteristics should be
examined as indicated below:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

8.1.2

Plant should be observed in active growth when the stem has 8 to 10 fully grown leaves.
Leaf should be observed on the fourth to sixth fully grown leaf from the top of plant.
Unless otherwise indicated, to be observed on the upper side of leaves.
Where the characteristic refers to colors as "color 1", "color 2" etc., they are to be recorded in the orderthat they appear on the RHS chart, i.e. color 1 is the one with the lowest number, color 2 with the second
lowest and so on. For example, if the leaves are Green 137A patched with White 155A, Green 137A will
be color 1 and White 155A color 2. If two colors are on the same leaf of the chart, for example Green
137A and Green 137D, 137A is regarded as the lower numbered color. It should be noted that under thissystem, ranking is independent of surface area, so the color covering the greatest surface area may beclassified as color 3 or 4. The Guideline makes provision for four colors; if there are more, the color[s]with the smallest surface area[s] should be discounted.

Definitions of main color, secondary color

The main color is the color with the largest surface area. In cases where the areas of the main and secondary
color are too similar to reliably decide which color has the largest area, the darkest color is considered to be the maincolor.

8.2

Explanations for individual characteristics

Ad. ２: Plant: number of basal shoots１absent or very few

3
medium4
many

TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 20 -

Ad. 3: Petiole: length
Ad. 6: Leaf sheath: length

Length ofleaf
sheathLengthofpetioleAd. 7: Leaf sheath: angle of apical part

1
strongly acute2
moderately acute３
rectangular４
moderately obtuse

Ad. 10: Leaf blade: length
Ad. 11: Leaf blade: width
width

width

lengthlength５strongly obtuse

TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 21 -

Ad.12: Leaf blade: ratio length/width

3
low

5
medium7high

Ad. 13: Leaf blade: position of broadest part1
towards base2
at middle

3
towards apex

Ad. 15: Leaf blade: shape of apex

1strongly acute2
moderately acute3
obtuseTG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 22 -

Ad. 16: Leaf blade: shape of base1
attenuate

2
acute

3
obtuse4truncate

5
cordateAd. 17 to 44: Leaf blade: color characteristics
In Aglaonema, leaf color is very significant to the overall appearance of the variety. Leaves often have several
colors in different patterns.
These Test Guidelines allow the description of up to four colors using the RHS Colour Charts as well as the
distributions, the patterns formed and the areas covered.
Although the colors are referred to as "color 1", "color 2", "color 3" and "color 4" in the headings, this does notindicate a ranking according to prominence or area covered. The order in which the colors should be observed is
dictated by the order the colors as they appear in the RHS Colour Chart, as described in section 8.1.1(d).
Example varieties have not been provided for the leaf color characteristics. This is because the number of
combinations of observations that these Test Guidelines allow for is larger than the number of combinations seen.
Providing example varieties for all states of expression in this case would be misleading.
In order to provide an illustration of the recording method, three worked examples are provided below:

Example One – Pride of Sumatra (variety with two leaf colors)
17: Leaf blade: color 1
18: Leaf blade: distribution of color 1
19: Leaf blade: pattern of color 1
20: Leaf blade: total area of color 1
21: Leaf blade: color 2
22: Leaf blade: distribution of color 2
23: Leaf blade: pattern of color 2
24: Leaf blade: total area of color 2
25: Leaf blade: color 3
26: Leaf blade: distribution of color 3
27: Leaf blade: pattern of color 3
28: Leaf blade: total area of color 3
29: Leaf blade: color 4
30: Leaf blade: distribution of color 4
31: Leaf blade: pattern of color 4
32: Leaf blade: total area of color 4

Red Purple 64B
8 along midrib and alongveins veins
6 solid or nearly solid
2 very small to small
Green N137A
6 throughout
4 solid or nearly solid
7 large
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicableTG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 23 -

Example Two – Spotted Evergreen (variety with three leaf colors)
17: Leaf blade: color 1
18: Leaf blade: distribution of color 1
19: Leaf blade: pattern of color 1
20: Leaf blade: total area of color 1
21: Leaf blade: color 2
22: Leaf blade: distribution of color 2
23: Leaf blade: pattern of color 2
24: Leaf blade: total area of color 2
25: Leaf blade: color 3
26: Leaf blade: distribution of color 3
27: Leaf blade: pattern of color 3
28: Leaf blade: total area of color 3
29: Leaf blade: color 4
30: Leaf blade: distribution of color 4
31: Leaf blade: pattern of color 4
32: Leaf blade: total area of color 4

Green N137A
6 throughout
4 solid or nearly solid
7 large
Yellow Green 151B
6 throughout
1 small blotched1 very smallWhite NN155B
1 along midrib
4 solid or nearly solid
1 very small
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable

Example Three – Valentine (variety with two leaf colors)
17: Leaf blade: color 1
18: Leaf blade: distribution of color 1
19: Leaf blade: pattern of color 1
20: Leaf blade: total area of color 1
21: Leaf blade: color 2
22: Leaf blade: distribution of color 2
23: Leaf blade: pattern of color 2
24: Leaf blade: total area of color 2
25: Leaf blade: color 3
26: Leaf blade: distribution of color 3
27: Leaf blade: pattern of color 3
28: Leaf blade: total area of color 3
29: Leaf blade: color 4
30: Leaf blade: distribution of color 4
31: Leaf blade: pattern of color 4
32: Leaf blade: total area of color 4

Red Purple 67C
6 throughout
4 solid or nearly solid
7 large
Green 146A
14 along midrib, marginalzone and along veins
4 solid or nearly solid
2 small to very small
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicable

Example Four – Pride of Sumatra (variety with two leaf colors on lower side)
33: Leaf blade: color 1 of lower side
34: Leaf blade: distribution of color 1 of lower side

35: Leaf blade: pattern of color 1 of lower side
36: Leaf blade: total area of color 1 of lower side
37: Leaf blade: color 2 of lower side
38: Leaf blade: distribution of color 2 of lower side
39: Leaf blade: pattern of color 2 of lower side
40: Leaf blade: total area of color 2 of lower side
41: Leaf blade: color 3 of lower side
42: Leaf blade: distribution of color 3 of lower side
43: Leaf blade: pattern of color 3 of lower side
44: Leaf blade: total area of color 3 of lower side

Red Purple 64C
13 along midrib, alongveins and between
veins
4 solid or nearly solid
4 small to medium
Greyed Purple N186B
6 throughout
4 solid or nearly solid
5 mediumnot applicable
not applicable
not applicable
not applicableTG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 24 -

TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 25 -

Ad. 18: Leaf blade: distribution of color 1
Ad. 22: Leaf blade: distribution of color 2
Ad. 26: Leaf blade: distribution of color 3
Ad. 30: Leaf blade: distribution of color 4
Ad. 34: Leaf blade: distribution of color 1 of lower side
Ad. 38: Leaf blade: distribution of color 2 of lower side
Ad. 42: Leaf blade: distribution of color 3 of lower side

1

2

3

4

5

6

along midrib

marginal zone

between midrib
and margin

along veins

between veinsthroughout

8

9

10

11

13

along midrib
and along
veins

along midrib
andthroughout

along veins andbetween veins

marginal zone
andthroughout

12along midrib
and alongveins andthroughout

along midrib,
along veins andbetween veins7along midrib
and marginalzone

14
along midrib,
marginal zone
and alongveinsTG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 26 -

Ad. 19: Leaf blade: pattern of color 1
Ad. 23: Leaf blade: pattern of color 2
Ad. 27: Leaf blade: pattern of color 3
Ad. 31: Leaf blade: pattern of color 4
Ad. 35: Leaf blade: pattern of color 1 of lower side
Ad. 39: Leaf blade: pattern of color 2 of lower side
Ad. 43: Leaf blade: pattern of color 3 of lower sidegreen color
1
small blotchedpink color
2
small to medium
blotched3
medium blotched4
medium to large
blotched

green color
5large blotchedgreen color
6
solid or nearlysolid

Ad. 46: Leaf blade: blistering

1

2

3

4

absent or very weak

weakmediumstrongTG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 27 -

Ad. 48: Leaf blade: profile in cross section

1
flat

3
moderately concave

Ad. 49: Leaf blade midrib: profile↓upper side1
raised2
flat

Ad. 50: Leaf blade: number of vein pairs

3

7

few

many

3
sunkenTG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 28 -

9.

Literature

Nicolson, D.H., 1969: A revision of Genus Aglaonema (Araceae). Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, USA
Sinchaisri, N., et al., 2006: Catalogue of Aglaonema in Thailand. TH

TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 29 -

10.

Technical Questionnaire

TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:

Application date:(not to be filled in by the applicant)
TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
to be completed in connection with an application for plant breeders’ rights

1.

2.

Subject of the Technical Questionnaire
1.1

Botanical name

Aglaonema Schott.

1.2

Common name

Aglaonema, Chinese Evergreen

1.3

Genus

Aglaonema Schott.

ApplicantName
Address

Telephone No.
Fax No.
E-mail address
Breeder (if different from applicant)3.

Proposed denomination and breeder’s reference
Proposed denomination(if available)
Breeder’s reference

TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 30 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE#

4.

Reference Number:

Page {x} of {y}Information on the breeding scheme and propagation of the variety
4.1

Breeding scheme
Variety resulting from:
4.1.1

Crossing(a)controlled cross(please state parent varieties)(…………………..……………..…)
female parent
(b)

4.2

x

]

(……………..…………………..…)
male parent[](……………..…………………..…)
male parent

unknown cross

[

]

4.1.2

Mutation(please state parent variety)

[

]

4.1.3

Discovery and development(please state where and when discovered and how developed)

[

]

4.1.4

Other
(please provide details)[]

Method of propagating the variety
4.2.1

#

x

partially known cross(please state known parent variety(ies))(…………………..……………..…)
female parent(c)[

Vegetative propagation(a)cuttings[ ](b)in vitro propagation

[ ]

(c)

other (state method)[ ]Authorities may allow certain of this information to be provided in a confidential section of the Technical Questionnaire.

TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 31 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:

5.
Characteristics of the variety to be indicated (the number in brackets refers to the corresponding characteristic in Test
Guidelines; please mark the note which best corresponds).
Characteristics
5.1
(10)

Example Varieties

Leaf blade: lengthvery short

1[ ]very short to short

2[ ]

short

Black Beauty

short to medium
medium

long

Tiara

5[ ]
6[ ]

Thep Ranjuan

7[ ]long to very long8[ ]very long9[ ]Leaf blade: widthvery narrow

1[ ]very narrow to narrow2[ ]narrow

Thep Ranjuan

narrow to medium
medium

broad

3[ ]
4[ ]

Katharngen

medium to broad

5.3(i)
(17)

3[ ]
4[ ]

medium to long

5.2
(11)

Note

5[ ]
6[ ]

World Heritage

7[ ]broad to very broad

8[ ]very broad

9[ ]Leaf blade: color 1

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)
5.3(ii)(17)

Leaf blade: color 1
white

1[ ]

yellow

2[ ]greyed-green

3[ ]

green

4[ ]

red

5[ ]

TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 32 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
Characteristics
5.4
(18)

5.5
(20)

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:
Example Varieties

Note

Leaf blade: distribution of color 1

along midrib

1[ ]marginal zone

2[ ]between midrib and margin3[ ]along veins4[ ]between veins5[ ]throughout

6[ ]along midrib and marginal zone

7[ ]along midrib and along veins

8[ ]along midrib and throughout

9[ ]along veins and between veins

10[ ]marginal zone and throughout

11[ ]along midrib and along veins and throughout

12[ ]along midrib, along veins and between veins13[ ]along midrib, marginal zone and along veins

14[ ]Leaf blade: total area of color 1very small

1[ ]very small to small

2[ ]

small

3[ ]

small to medium

4[ ]medium5[ ]medium to large

6[ ]

large

7[ ]

large to very large

8[ ]very large

9[ ]TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 33 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
Characteristics
5.6(i)(21)

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:
Example Varieties

Note

Leaf blade: color 2

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)
5.6(ii)
(21)

5.7
(22)

Leaf blade: color 2
white

1[ ]

yellow

2[ ]greyed-green

3[ ]

green

4[ ]

red

5[ ]

Leaf blade: distribution of color 2

along midrib

1[ ]marginal zone

2[ ]between midrib and margin3[ ]along veins4[ ]between veins5[ ]throughout

6[ ]along midrib and marginal zone

7[ ]along midrib and along veins

8[ ]along midrib and throughout

9[ ]along veins and between veins

10[ ]marginal zone and throughout

11[ ]along midrib and along veins and throughout

12[ ]along midrib, along veins and between veins13[ ]along midrib, marginal zone and along veins

14[ ]TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 34 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
Characteristics
5.8
(24)

5.9(i)(25)

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:
Example Varieties

Note

Leaf blade: total area of color 2very small

1[ ]very small to small

2[ ]

small

3[ ]

small to medium

4[ ]medium5[ ]medium to large

6[ ]

large

7[ ]

large to very large

8[ ]very large

9[ ]Leaf blade: color 3

RHS Colour Chart (indicate reference number)
5.9(ii)(25)

Leaf blade: color 3
white

1[ ]

yellow

2[ ]greyed-green

3[ ]

green

4[ ]

red

5[ ]

TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 35 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
Characteristics
5.10
(26)

5.11
(28)

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:
Example Varieties

Note

Leaf blade: distribution of color 3

along midrib

1[ ]marginal zone

2[ ]between midrib and margin3[ ]along veins4[ ]between veins5[ ]throughout

6[ ]along midrib and marginal zone

7[ ]along midrib and along veins

8[ ]along midrib and throughout

9[ ]along veins and between veins

10[ ]marginal zone and throughout

11[ ]along midrib and along veins and throughout

12[ ]along midrib, along veins and between veins13[ ]along midrib, marginal zone and along veins

14[ ]Leaf blade: total area of color 3very small

1[ ]very small to small

2[ ]

small

3[ ]

small to medium

4[ ]medium5[ ]medium to large

6[ ]

large

7[ ]

large to very large

8[ ]very large

9[ ]TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 36 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

6.

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:

Similar varieties and differences from these varieties

Please use the following table and box for comments to provide information on how your candidate variety differs from thevariety (or varieties) which, to the best of your knowledge, is (or are) most similar. This information may help the examination
authority to conduct its examination of distinctness in a more efficient way.
Denomination(s) of variety(ies) Characteristic(s) in which your Describe the expression of the Describe the expression of thesimilar to your candidate variety candidate variety differs from characteristic(s) for the similar
characteristic(s) for yourthe similar variety(ies)variety(ies)candidate variety
ExampleComments:

Leaf blade: length

mediumshort

TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 37 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

Reference Number:

Page {x} of {y}#7.

Additional information which may help in the examination of the variety

7.1

In addition to the information provided in sections 5 and 6, are there any additional characteristics which may help todistinguish the variety?
Yes

[ ]

No

[ ]

(If yes, please provide details)

7.2

Are there any special conditions for growing the variety or conducting the examination?
Yes

[ ]

No

[ ]

(If yes, please provide details)

7.3

Other information

A representative color image of the variety should accompany the Technical Questionnaire.
8.

Authorization for release(a)
Does the variety require prior authorization for release under legislation concerning the protection of theenvironment, human and animal health?
Yes
(b)

[ ]

No

[ ]

No

[ ]

Has such authorization been obtained?
Yes

[ ]

If the answer to (b) is yes, please attach a copy of the authorization.

#

Authorities may allow certain of this information to be provided in a confidential section of the Technical Questionnaire.

TG/Aglaonema
2013-07-03- 38 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

9.

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:Information on plant material to be examined or submitted for examination.

9.1
The expression of a characteristic or several characteristics of a variety may be affected by factors, such as pests anddisease, chemical treatment (e.g. growth retardants or pesticides), effects of tissue culture, different rootstocks, scions takenfrom different growth phases of a tree, etc.
9.2
The plant material should not have undergone any treatment which would affect the expression of the characteristics ofthe variety, unless the competent authorities allow or request such treatment. If the plant material has undergone such treatment,
full details of the treatment must be given. In this respect, please indicate below, to the best of your knowledge, if the plantmaterial to be examined has been subjected to:(a)

Microorganisms (e.g. virus, bacteria, phytoplasma)

Yes [ ]No [ ](b)

Chemical treatment (e.g. growth retardant, pesticide)

Yes [ ]No [ ](c)Tissue culture

Yes [ ]No [ ](d)

Other factors

Yes [ ]No [ ]

Please provide details for where you have indicated “yes”.
……………………………………………………………

10.

I hereby declare that, to the best of my knowledge, the information provided in this form is correct:
Applicant’s nameSignature

Date[End of document]