2004 Jan JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL[Print]JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No. 1
CONTENTS
Jan-04

New Year's SpeechSouji Ban...(1)The Special Issue of JAPAN TAPPI 2003 Annual Meeting at Hiroshima.Iwakuni
General Review of JAPAN TAPPI 2003 Annual Meeting at Hiroshima.Iwakuni

Planning Subcommittee, JAPAN TAPPI...(4)Keynote Address

Souji Ban...(14)

Lecture by Winner of 2002 JAPAN TAPPI Prize...(22)A Visit to Iwakuni Mill-Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.-...(30)Technical Report
Fall Washing System for Removing Ink and Clay from Waste Pulp

Nobuyuki Kamo...(37)On Automation of Sheet Sorting -By Vacuum Belt Conveyance-

Yuji Baba...(41)

Measures Against Global Warming in The Paper Manufacturing Industry

Tomoki Tada...(46)-Activities of Oji Paper Co., Ltd.Development of Environmental-stress Tolerant Eucalyptus and Forest Plantations
Development of Transgenic Eucalyptus

Tetsu Kawazu...(55)Keiko Watanabe and Hiroyasu Ebinuma...(62)

Operating Experience of MOAS -Optimization of the Wire Part and the Press PartLatest Technology of Foundation Fieldbus

Hiroyuki Nakagawa...(67)
Kazuhiko Matsumoto and Shinichi Daimon...(74)Concerning3M/C Winder Automation

Toru Okumura...(83)

The Measure against a Bad Smell of the Paper Sludge Incinerator at a Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer
Experiences of the PS Incinerator in Kishu MillTechnologies and Development of Gas Permeation Control through Film
Heat Storage Capsule and its Application -Application for Savingenergy and Amenity LifeTrend of Electronic Paper and Oji's Original Technology

Hisao Umezu...(89)
Yukimasa Takagi...(94)
Takashi Kawamukai...(100)Mamoru Ishiguro...(106)

Shigeo Hayashi and Shuichi Maeda...(110)Committee report...(03)Coffee break...(117)

Papyrus...(118)

Industry News(Domestic and International)...(121)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI...(132)

List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication...(135)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District...(143)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center...(144)

Other Monthly Statistics...(146)

News from the Association...(148)

2004 Jan JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL[Print]JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No. Novuary 2004 Abstracts

Fall Washing System for Removing Ink and Clay from Waste Pulp
Nobuyuki Kamo
Sakae Kohki CO., LTD.
The "FALL WASHER" removes is ink and clay from waste paper pulp using a mesh drum.
The washer is composed of a drum with steel bars attached to the inside suﬀace (pat.) The drum rotates powerfully at high speeds. This
motion forces the pulp to come into contact with the mesh surface of the drum many times, while performations remain unblocked and allow
the contents to dehydrate. The "FALL WASHER System" prevents pulp from forming into lumps, efficiently removes ink and clay from waste
paper pulp.

On Automation of Sheet Sorting-By Vacuum Belt ConveyanceYuji Baba
Tokyo Feeder Co., Ltd.
In relation to the automation of the ﬁnal process handled at the ﬁnishing department of the paper mill, results are being produced as theautomatic sorting of good and bad papers have been improved by the advancement of the camera and the development of the automatic sorting
machine.
Our Company has studied to see if the development of a user-friendly and cost eﬀective Planography Automatic Sorting Machine could bepossible, and focused our attention on suction belt feeding. As the result, we have succeeded in simplifying the machine and reducing the costs,
and thus have become able to offer the cost effective Planography Automatic Sorting Machine to the industry.

Measures Against Global Warming in The Paper Manufacturing Industry-Activities of Oji Paper Co., Ltd.Tomoki Tada
Environmental Affairs Dep., Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
The paper making industry has long contributed to society by making extensive use of biomass resources and recycled materials in its role as
an exemplary recycling-oriented industry. This article presents reductions in CO2 emissions achieved through reforestation activities, forestry
conservation management and fuel conversion as actively carried out from an early stage by Oji Paper Co., Ltd. Under the plans for CO2
reductions, a total annual reduction of 2.07 million tons/year in 2010 is expected, which includes a decrease of 1.15 million tons resulting fromfuel conversion, 0.56 million tons from energy conservation, and 0.36 million tons from conservation management of company-owned forests
within Japan. These figures correspond to an approximate reduction of 30% compared with 1990 CO2 emissions.

Development of Environmental-stress Tolerant Eucalyptus and Forest Plantations
Tetsu Kawazu
Forestry Research Institute, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
Environmental problems in the earth scale have become serious by a variety of industries and economic activities of human race. And it ispointed out that the activity of paper industry is one of main factors in the decrease of forest. The wood raw material securing is a big problem
especially in Japan where forest resource is scarce. As a solution of this problem, paper industry positively executes afforestation in various
regions around the world for stable securing of the raw material. For the further improvement of productivity and pulp properties in eucalypts,
Oji Paper Co. is doing forest tree breeding research. Improvement of their growth under stress environment would be most important targets ofmolecular breeding to increase productivity. We introduced the transcription factor DREB1A gene that induces expression of some stress
tolerance genes, and a mitochondrial citrate synthase gene that was related to acquiring phosphate under aluminum-induced inorganic
phosphate limited conditions. Our recent results suggest the possibility that we can give tolerance of drought and acid soil to hybrid eucalypts(Eucalyptus grandis×urophylla) by this approach.

Development of Transgenic Eucalyptus

Keiko Watanabe, Hiroyasu Ebinuma
Nippon Paper Industries Co., LTD., Forestry Science Laboratory

One purpose of NPI research work is developing a eﬀective production system using a new biotechnology for improvement of biomass yield
and wood character of woody plants. One of the target species of NPI is Eucalytpus, which is the most valuable for pulp and paper production.
Our strategy involves the following key components:(1) Select germ plasm(2) Isolate genes of interest(3) Develop the gene transfer system(4) Develop the mass propagation system(5) Develop the evaluation system for traits and environmental impacts
For the commercialization of transgenic crops and trees, it will become more important to reduce their environmental impact than toincrease their economic value. The MAT vector system, which can remove marker genes without sexual crossings and stack valuable genes insterile clones, is a promising technology for obtaining both regulatory and public approval and to accelerate the commercialization of transgenic
trees.
It is estimated 25 million hectares of agriculture land in the world suﬀer from excess salinization, and another two million hectares ofsalinated land are added each year. Salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting the productivity of crop plants around the world. Using MAT
Vector System, the genetically modified trees tolerance to environmental stress presents a possible new solution for the global problem of soil
deterioration with less environmental impact. Glycinebetaine is one of the compatible solutes that accumulate in the chloroplasts of certain
halotolerant plants when these plants are exposed to osmotic stress. The choline oxidase (codA) from Arthrobacter globiformis converts choline
into glycinebetain when this bacterium is exposed to the high salt condition. The choline oxidase (codA) is introduced into Eucalyptus
camaludulensis with MAT Vector System. 5 transgenic lines were more tolerant to high salt stress than normal plants. The tolerant plants wereable to produce roots in medium supplemented with 200 mM NaCl, that almost totally inhibited the rooting of normal plants.

Operating Experience of MOAS-Optimization of the Wire Part and the Press PartHiroyuki Nakagawa
Yatsushiro Mill.Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

While improvement in the speed of a machine progresses, it is becoming important to grasp the moisture action of all machine processes andthe structure of paper more than the former. These can be referred to as contributing to the improvement in productivity according tosheetbreak curtailment and speedup as well as quality stability if it can observe quantitatively greatly. MOAS is a tool that computes each dryer
moisture and the rate coefficient of heat transfer used as the index of paper structure from BM meter, a dryer, drive data, etc. If combining with
ECOFLOW, MOAS is acquirable even parameters, such as each press moisture and a press coefficient that evaluates water drainage of a press.
In Yatsushiro N1 and N2, very big success, such as sheetbreak curtailment and production increase by speedup, and a life rise of felt, isachieved from effective use of MOAS. In this paper, it introduces about the measure for optimization of the wire part and a press part who
utilized the rate coefficient of heat transfer, a press coefficient, and press exit moisture.

Latest Technology of Foundation Fieldbus
Kazuhiko Matsumoto and Shinichi Daimon
Fushiki Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

Fushiki Mill adopted FOUNDATION Fieldbus (Fieldbus, after this) to N-DIP plant for the ﬁrst time in Japanese pulp & paper industry in
April, 2001. This was largest DCS system with Fieldbus I/Os in Japan. Existing panel system and existing pneumatic field devices to latest DCS
system with Fieldbus technology and latest FF devices in F-DIP plant was modernized, and existing DCS system with Fieldbus technology andexisting Fieldbus devices in N-DIP plant was also upgraded to latest hardware and software version as phase Ⅱ implementation this time. Twosystems were integrated on the same control network bus and latest Fieldbus technology system was achieved in the world.
This document shows how were expected items for the engineering, operation and maintenance improved through the result of installedsystem with latest Fieldbus technology and its products after about two years.

Concerning 3M/C Winder Automation

Toru Okumura
Futatsuka Mill, Chuetsu-Pulp Co., Ltd
Our company，Futatsuka Mill，3 the machine is the newspaper machine of the A volumen 4 taking which was worked in 1988. In order thistime to assure reduction of labor, the automated device of the volumen edge tape sticking, and core supply job was introduced. Below, it reports
concerning the summary, and operation experience of consecutive automation equipment.

The Measure against a Bad Smell of the Paper Sludge Incinerator at a Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer
Hisao Umezu
Kanto Mill (Ichikawa), Hokuetsu Paper Mills Ltd.
The sludge incinerator that works at this factory is the structure where the smell of sludge soaks into an exhaust gas in a dryness process.
Introduction of deodorization equipment has been considered to correspond to environmental change of a circumference area. By introducing
regenerative thermal oxidizer, the bad smell generated from a Paper sludge incinerator is remarkably improvable. The progress that results inintroduction of this equipment, and an operation situation and the effect of an environmental improvement are reported.

Experiences of the PS Incinerator in Kishu Mill
Yukimasa Takagi
Kishu Mill, Kishu Paper Co., Ltd.
Kishu Mill of Kishu Paper Co .,Ltd planned a replacement of the existing incinerator for the following reason. Overage equipmernt Apply ofWaste Disposal and Public Cleaning Law (the Ministry of Environment) 3) The increase of paper sludge.
Still more, when the replacement of the PS (paper sludge) incinerator, we planned to build a waste heatboiler what makes good use of
exhaust gas from this incinerator. In this sentence, we report the experience of the PS incinerator operation since May 2002. In spite of a little
trouble occurred after the start, we have relatively been in good operation.
We would like to maintain good operation in view of, reduces reliance of fossil fuel, recycling of waste, minimizes its impacts on theenvironment.

Technologies and Development of Gas Permeation Control through Film
Takashi KawamukaiSpecialty Products Development Laboratory, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
Technologies of gas permeation control through ﬁlm such as oxygen barrier and water vapor barrier are very important in the ﬁeld of
packaging materials or food packages. The technologies have been developed by the replacement for polymer materials that contain chlorinewith the increase of environmental consciousness, and applied to flexible display panels.
In this report the mechanisms of gas permeation through ﬁlm and barrier technologies such as vapor deposition method or sol gel coating
method are described. The incorporation of drying agents in a multi-layer film having an oxygen barrier layer of ethylene-vinyl alcohol
copolymers results in high oxygen barrier property. Plate-like fillers also enhance barrier property of polymeric film.

Heat Storage Capsule and its Application-Application for Savingenergy and Amenity LifeMamoru Ishiguro
Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd., Corporate Research Center
Microcapsule is a few micron-sized container which can include liquid and solid therein. In paper manufacturing, coated paper withmicrocapsules which include oil and leuco dyes has grown remarkably as no carbon required paper. However, microcapsules have not been
produced so much for other fields, medical and food industry.
Authors had developed new application of microcapsule including phase change material (PCM) for energy saving, comfortableness, andenvironment. Heat storage capsule (HS capsule) is a small particle including organic PCM. PCM releases or stores latent heat at its phasetransfer temperature. Since PCM melts and solidifies in HS capsule, dispersion or solid of capsule can be treated as liquid or solid state at any
temperature, respectively.
In this presentation, characteristics and application of HS capsule will be introduced.

Trend of Electronic Paper and Oji's Original Technology
Shigeo Hayashi and Shuichi Maeda
Advanced Technology Research Laboratory, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
There has been increasing interest in electronic paper that has properties which are close to those of conventional paper in terms of thinness,lightweight and portability. In this paper, we will first discuss the reason why electronic paper is required from a social point of view.
The rapid spread of the Internet and digital information lead us to focus on the displays of personal computers and mobile phones. The
conventional displays such as liquid crystals and CRTs are not suitable for reading for a long time. Therefore, intensive research anddevelopment are being carried out to achieve electronic paper which has the advantages of both paper and a conventional display for use,
particularly, in newspaper and books.
Secondly, we disclose our original idea for making electronic paper, with particular emphasis on its principle, characteristics andpreparations. The key technology here is to use electrical twisting microsticks made of a fiber whose surfaces are divided into two areas withdifferent colors and electric charges in a transparent tube as the display elements.

2004 Feb JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL[Print]JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No. 2
CONTENTS
Feb-04Papermaking Technology II
Introduction of Advanced Metso Paper Technology into China

Hidehiko Yamazaki...(1)Treatment of Anionic Trash and Improved Retention/Dewatering-Improved Productivity of Paper MakingClosed System of Papermaking Machine and Wet-end Condition

Keiji Suruga, Jiayi Chen and Takashi Saigusa...(9)Shigeru Kurose, Koichi Tadaki and Munetoshi Yamaji...(15)

Wet End Chemistry and On-line Measurements
The Improvement of Production Eﬃciency by Stabilized Wet End

Hitoshi Nagao and Shigeru Motegi...(27)
Tatsuya Sato, Masato Higashiyama and Keiichi Satou...(34)

Operating Experience of POM System

Takeshi Shirao...(38)Topics & Information
Operating Experience of High Pulp Consistency Ozone ECF Bleaching
Automatic Sheet Creating Unit for Sticky Contamination Monitoring

Shuuichiro Mochizuki...(43)
Mineo Hashiba and Mitsuhiro Sugino...(49)Paper Counter Equipment

Takao Shimatsu...(57)The Fully Automatic System for the Measurement of Dirt Count Characteristics ofNobuo Oikawa...(64)Chemical Pulp
Development of On-line Fiber Orientation Meter Based on the Light Guide Eﬀect
Progressing Report by LCA/Environmental Label Working Group

Yuji Abe and Hidenobu Todoroki...(70)Motoi Matsui...(76)Introduction of Research Laboratories(39)Paper Industrial Research Center of Ehime Prefecture...(84)

Research Report
Surface Chemistry of Deinking Process

Shisei Goto and Takanori Miyanishi...(88)-Eﬀects of Nonionic Deinking Agents and Fatty Acids on Foaming Properties in Flotation
Deinking of Old MagazineThe Evaluation of Paper Sludge(PS)for Zeolite Synthesis(Part3)-Weekly Change of Chemical Composition of PS and the Aptitude for Zeolite SynthesisTakao Ando, Masato Saito, Shigeo Muramatsu, Kimio Hiyoshi, Junsuke Haruna, Naoto Matsue, Teruo Henmi and Osamu Shimada...(98)
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(32)-Yatsushiro Mill, Nippon Paper Industries-Nippon Paper Industries...(107)

Committee report...(03)

Essay on Intellectual Property...(86)

Coffee break...(87)

Papyrus...(115)

Industry News(Domestic and International)...(119)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI...(130)

List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication...(133)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District...(142)Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center...(143)

Other Monthly Statistics...(145)

News from the Association...(147)

2004 Feb JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL[Print]JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No.2
February 2004 Abstracts

Introduction of Advanced Metso Paper Technology into China
Hidehiko Yamazaki
Metso-SHI Co., Ltd.
Recently Chinese paper industries have been showing rapid development, in which Japanese papermakers have a serious interest. While thepaper and board demands in advanced countries including Japan seem to have reached ceiling level, the paper and board demand in China stillshows rapid increase. Total production of paper industries in China in 2002 was 37.8 million tons, which showed 8.4 % increase compared tothat a year before. Although new machines were installed in China year by year, the domestic demand of paper and board is expected to keepincreasing due to further economic growth and large population of potential consumers.
Metso Paper has a regional company in Beijing, Service Technology Center in Wuxi and Valmet-Xian as a joint-venture company in Xian,
which enhance Metso Paper’s business, production and customer service in China. Recent noteworthy point is that the world first OptiConcept
machine was installed and started up in Nanping, China earlier than in European countries, and achieved satisfactory results.
In this paper, the future prospect in Chinese paper industries and representative paper machine technologies delivered by Metso Paper aredescribed.

Treatment of Anionic Trash and Improved etention/Dewatering-Improved Productivity of Paper MakingKeiji Suruga, Jiayi Chen and Takashi Saigusa
Kurita Water Industries Ltd.
Recently high usage of recycle ﬁber and coated broke, proceeding mill closure, causes the papermaking conditions to have been getting
worse. It includes Anionic Trash that causes pitch trouble on paper machine. Anionic Trash reduces the performance of retention/ drainage
aids. As a result production rate and runnability of paper machine is decreased.
This paper presents the new approach for improvements of productivity of paper making that the treatment of Anionic Trash is combinedwith OPTI system (which is dual polymer retention/ drainage system developed by Kurita).

Closed System of Papermaking Machine and Wet-end Condition
Shigeru Kurose, Koichi Tadaki and Munetoshi Yamaji
Chemicals for Pulp & Paper Div. Technical Dept., Somar Corporation
Strong world-wide interest on environmental concern in pulp and paper industry, and acceleration for white water closed system for paper
making process cause number of problems in paper making process.
Neutral conversion of papermaking, higher use of de-inked pulp from recycled paper and higher content of coat broke makes built up of
micro-biological slime, and pitch and anionic trash build up in the system due to lower effectiveness of Alum. Retention and drainage of wetend operation will be affected as well as physical properties of paper such as physical strength and sizing degree which may be reduced. All
these are related to deposit in papermaking system. These troubles cause operational problem which result to production slow down. Variety ofchemicals is used to control these problems, which will accelerate deposit built-up because of high dosage of chemicals for system closure. It
creates vicious circle.
Somar’s long experience in controlling microbiological deposit using slimecide "MICROCIDE", and capturing pitch and anionic trash using
wet-end control agent "REALIZER", offers total control approach on machine deposit problem caused by white water closure. This paper
describes several proposals on how to improve machine operation.

Wet End Chemistry and On-line Measurements
Hitoshi Nagao, Shigeru Motegi
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

The importance of wet end chemistry is increasing, due to the trends of high speed paper making. The stability of wet end process can beachieved when agglomeration and adsorption, which are the most important phenomena, are controlled well. Therefore, all measurable
parameters that explain the condition of the wet end system should be maintained at the appropriate levels. Most of these parameters used to bemeasured by the off-line systems, however, recently several on-line measurement systems have been developed and they make it possible tomonitor the change of the wet end.
In this paper, we present details of the recent online measurement systems, which have strong relation to the wet end chemistry, such asretention meter, cationic demand analyzer, and zeta potential analyzer with fundamentals and the examples of the measurements. Additionally,
MOAS, entrained air analyzer , and slime monitor will be simply introduced.

The Improvement of Production Efficiency by
Stabilized Wet End
Tatsuya Sato, Masato Higashiyama and Keiichi Satou
Mitsubishi paper mills limited
The fundamental of stock preparation is consistent supply of homogeneous and adequate stuﬀ to the paper machine. Recently the control ofconsistency and flow rate, grade changeability and production stability were remarkably progressed.
However, we are still facing the ﬂuctuation of drainage and ﬁrst pass retention (FPR) at the wire part.
In this paper, we present a summary of test results of On-line Charge Measurement at our 7PM for the stabilization of wet end.
From the trails, it was recognized that the charge of coated broke can be controlled by the addition of coagulant and it improved drainage
and FPR. However, the coagulant dosage without monitoring the charges of the systems would result in the instability of the systems.
Consequently, to get the reliable improvement of operation by charge control, the On-line Charge Measurement can be used as an eﬀective
sensor.

Operating Experience of POM System
Takeshi Shirao
Kasugai Mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
The PM4 at Kasugai Ｍill, Oji Paper, has been introduced the POM system and in operation since March 2002, in order to improve theefficiency of small batch production. In this system, conventional white water silos and seal pits are replaced by POM pumps and their small
supply tanks, which have centrifugal de-aeration function, consequently total volume of the wet end system could be notably reduced. As aresult, we could expect reduction of time for grade change and inhibition of sliming in the wet end system.
At the PM4, the loss time for grade change including signiﬁcant variation of color and ash content has been cut down by up to 47%
compared with that of the conventional system. In addition, shut down for cleaning attributed to slime in the wet end system has been reduced.
This report describes the outline, operating experience, and the benefit of the POM system.

Operating Experience of High Pulp Consistency Ozone ECF Bleaching
Shuuichiro Mochizuki
Nichinan Mill, Oji paper Co., Ltd.
High pulp consistency ozone ECF bleaching plant was started up at Nichinan mill in 2002. This bleaching system is the ﬁrst one in Japan.
The operation is now stable through the solution of a couple of troubles during starting stage.
Since we found that the pulp consistency and pH would be eﬀect on the reaction eﬃciency on ozone stage, they have been carefully
controlled as key factors.
The bleaching cost of ozone ECF has been slightly increased than before. This diﬀerence corresponds nearly to the electricity cost for oxygenand ozone generation.
There would be almost no diﬀerence on pulp quality between ozone ECF and chlorine bleaching. The paper quality and runnability of paper
machine seems to be same in both cases.
The content of AOX and chloroform in eﬄuent has been remarkably reduced, by >90% and >99%.

Automatic Sheet Creating Unit for Sticky Contamination Monitoring
Mineo Hashiba
Yufutsu Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

Mitsuhiro Sugino
Technical & Engineering Div., Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Nippon Paper Industries Yufutsu Mill reinforced new DIP process to increase the rate of recycled paper for newspaper production. The new
DIP process can use old magazine for the main materials. By increasing the rate of DIP, and the rate of old magazine, sticky contamination
trouble carried from these materials was worried. For this reason, Sticky Contamination Analyzer (SCAN-Ⅱ) was introduced in order to graspchange of the sticky contamination in DIP stock.
SCAN-Ⅱ automatically collects the sample from each process of DIP and creates the sheet which can be measured to count the sticky
contamination. Using this unit, the measurement of the sticky contamination, and the flat screen treatment which man performed before, were
simplified. Moreover, by catching quickly change of the sticky contamination, the quick action for the quality control in the news paper
production is possible.
This report introduces the fundamental mechanical contents of SCAN-Ⅱ and the operation experience at production plant.

Paper Counter Equipment
Takao Shimatsu
Nippon Paper Unitec Co., Ltd.
This is the equipment which measures the paper on a palette using CCD camera,and counts the number of sheets of 200-micrometer thick
paper with high precision and high speed.
By using this equipment you can expect to cut down the number of workers in the ﬁnishing process and to stabilize the quality of the
product.

The Fully Automatic System for the Measurement of Dirt Count Characteristics of Chemical Pulp
Nobuo Oikawa
Kitakami Mill, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited
For the purpose of the measurement of dirt count characteristics in pulp slurry, we developed the original system.
Our system is composed of a slit screen, a dewatering unit, a circulation tank, pumps, CCD-camera and software.
This system enables to measure a large amount of pulp by automatic operation, and has good reliability, quick response, and accuracy. These
points are also discussed in this paper.

Development of On-line Fiber Orientation Meter Based on the Light Guide EffectYuji Abe and Hidenobu Todoroki
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
A new technique, based on the optical property of ﬁbers, has been developed for the online measurement of ﬁber orientation in whole layersof paper sheet. Due to the light guide effect, the focused circular light spot cast on one side, the elliptical light spot is observed on the opposite
side of paper. The shape of the elliptical spot represents the fiber orientation of paper.
A prototype sensor was assembled and installed to the pilot coater. The sensor using YAG-laser, which has 7n second pulse width, cansuccessfully measure the fiber orientation of paper running at 1000 m/min.
To downsize the sensor, we thought laser diode (LD) was the hopeful candidate as a light source, and assembled the prototype sensor using
LD and optic fiber. Since the size of the light spot must be small for the reliable measurement, it is very important to optimize the diameter ofthe optic fiber. It was found that φ=60?m is small enough for the focusing, and the prototype using the optic fiber and LD can measure thefiber orientation of paper running at 1000 m/min as well as the one using YAG laser.
Keyword : Fiber Orientation, On-line, Light Guide Effect, Laser Diode

Progressing Report by LCA / Environmental LabelWorking Group
Motoi Matsui
LCA / Environmental Label Working Group of Japan Paper Association

In 1997, Japan Paper Association organized LCA working group (WG) within the technical and environmental section to investigate the LCA
of pulp and paper manufacturing along with the establishment of LCA Society of Japan by the industry-university-nation complex. WG wascalled LCA / Environmental Label working group for type Ⅲ environmental label system in 1998. The works of WG are summarized as follows.
(1) Report of LCI data for paper and board production.
(2) Draft of the industrial guideline on paper and board products for type Ⅲ.
(3) Propose of the simple calculation procedure of LCI for the production stage.
(4) Translation and examination of GHG calculation tools developed by NCASI (USA)Surface Chemistry of Deinking Process- Effects of Nonionic Deinking Agents and Fatty Acids on Foaming Properties in Flotation Deinking of
Old Magazine Shisei Goto and Takanori Miyanishi
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

Foaming properties of pulp suspensions of old magazine (OMG) were investigated with regard to dynamic surface tension of pulp
suspensions containing deinking agents, and effects of fatty acid Na salt addition to nonionic deinking agents on foaming properties were
elucidated. Dynamic surface tension of water containing deinking agents was measured by means of the maximum bubble pressure method. Aninterfacial rheometer was employed to measure surface viscoelasticity of supernatants of the pulp suspensions. The obtained results showed that
OMG/ONP (old newsprint) mixtures generated more foam in flotation than ONP only, when the nonionic deinking agents were used.
Compared with ONP suspensions, turbidity of the OMG/ONP suspensions was high due to the high amount of ash content. Moreover, cationicdemand and static surface tension of the OMG/ONP suspensions were lower than ONP suspensions. These results suggest that the OMG
suspensions are easy to generate and stabilize foam, and thus some deinking agents having relatively low foam generation and stability are
required for flotation deinking of OMG. Surface tension measurements showed that nonionic deinking agents containing fatty acid Na salts
gave higher initial dynamic surface tension of water, and generated smaller volumes of foam. In fact, the addition of FA (a mixture of stearicacid and palmitic acid Na salts) and OA (oleic acid Na salt) increased dynamic surface tension of the OMG/ONP suspensions, and decreased
their foam volumes. Furthermore, the addition of FA to the nonionic deinking agents increased surface viscosity of the supernatants, anddecreased their surface elasticity. On the other hand, the addition of OA to the nonionic deinking agents did not change surface viscoelasticity
of supernatants of the pulp suspensions. These results implied that the mechanism of the decreased foam volume was different between FA andOA due to the difference of their solubility in water and/or solid-liquid interactions in pulp suspensions.

Keywords: deinking agent, dynamic surface tension, foam, OMG, surface viscoelasticity

The Evaluation of Paper Sludge (PS) for Zeolite Synthesis(Part 3)-Weekly Change of Chemical Composition of PS and the Aptitude for Zeolite
SynthesisTakao Ando, Masato Saito, Shigeo Muramatsu and Kimio Hiyoshi
Fuji industrial research institute of Shizuoka prefecture
Junsuke Haruna, Naoto Matsue and Teruo Henmi
Department of agriculture, Ehime Univ.
Osamu Shimada
Gakunan daiich cooperation of paper manufacturing association
In the case of zeolite synthesis from paper sludge, PS ash, it is necessary to investigate its chemical and mineralogical stability.
Our previous study showed that the suitability of PS ash for zeolite synthesis remarkably depended o nn the CaO content of PS ash.
The relationship between CaO content (x) and XRD intensity (y) assigned to zeolite, Z index, was found as y=-0.36Ln (x)+1.33. Less than
21.5% of CaO content was suitable for zeolite synthesis, on the contrary, more than 28.8% content was not suitable. When the content was in
the range between 21.5% and 28.8%, hydroxyl sodalite was dominantly synthesized. The fairly well linier relation between the atomic ratio of
Ca to Si, XCa/Si, and Ca to Al, XCa/Al, was found, that is, XCa/Si/XCa/Al＝0.86〜0.97. The mineralogical ratios (talc, kaolinite and calcite) ofrepresentative PS ashes were determined by the normative method and ideal mineralogical composition ranges for zeolite synthesis weresummarized in talc-kaolinite-calcite triangle figure. PS ashes were classified into 4 types of mineralogical composition ranges. The ranges (A)and (B) were suitable for the zeolite synthesis and ranges (C) and (D) were not suitable. The PS ashes in the ranges (A) and (B) neverchanged into the rage (C) and (D) for 5 days.

In this study, we investigated the weekly change of PS ashes mixture gathered from 16 paper mills, which compose a cooperative association
for the PS disposal in Fuji city of Shizuoka prefecture, for 4 weeks. The PS ashes unsuitable for the zeolite synthesis contained less than 10% of
the ash fraction and more than 30.6% of CaO. We compared the chemical composition of PS ashes mixture discharged from the association
with the calculated chemical composition excluding the above unsuitable PS ashes. As a result, the following conclusions were obtained.
① Even if the unsuitable PS ashes for zeolite synthesis are excluded from PS ashes mixture, the chemical composition will scarcely changes.
② PS’s discharged from the paper mills that are manufacturing the paper products including a lot of kaolinite are suited for zeolite synthesis.
③ To obtain zeolite more easily for industrial purpose, it is desirable only to use the PS involving much kaolinite.
Keywords: zeolite, paper sludge, calcite, talc, kaolinite2004 Mar JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL[Print]JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No. 3
CONTENTS
Mar-04

Process Control and Automation
General Review of 27 th Pulp and Paper Process Control Symposium Process Control andAutomation Committee, JAPAN TAPPI...(2)The Present State of Wearable Computer and its Industrial Applications
Performance of Fold Inspection System
Renewal of DCS in Takasago Mill
Operating Experience and Potential for the Operation Assistant System
Experience of Using Mobile DCS
The Actual Situation and the Examples of Mobile DCS

Masakatsu Kourogi...(16)Akihiro Terada...(21)Yasuhiro Konishi...(28)
Shuji Hakiai...(32)
Hiroki Kato and Yasuyuki Nagai...(39)
Kazunari Suzuki and Jin Inoue...(47)-Information Technology (IT) Innovation of Manufacture FieldApplication of Mobile Computing Technologies to Plant Operation
Mobile DCS-Present Condition and Use Case

Hirokazu Kamei...(53)
Hiroshi Oota...(57)

Topics & Information
Advanced Supervisory Control of Re-Reeler
The Web Inspection System and its Possibilities

Markku Jaaskelainen, Ph. D....(65)
Masahiro Nakata...(70)-Sensing technology and Directivity of NASP SystemAiming for Open network between Each Process in Factory

Kenji Ohshima...(76)-Application of PROFInet, Control Buskajaani KSF-Automated Standard Freeness Tester
Modern Technology for In-Line pH Measurement in P&P Industry -Naoto Takigawa and Esa Piirainen...(80)
Yasuo Watanabe...(87)

How to Get Reliable pH Value on the In-line MeasurementResearch Report The Role of Alkali-Hydrogen Peroxide during Pulp Treatment
Iori Tomoda, Yuji Matsumoto and Gyosuke Meshitsuka...(95)
Stress Analysis for Gripe Hole of Corrugated Fiberboard Case

Satoru Matsushima and Shigeo Matsushima...(102)-Relation between Hole Height Position and Stress ComponentsPulp and Paper Mills in Japan(33)-Mishima Mill, Tokushu Paper Mfg, Co., Ltd. -Tokushu Paper Mfg, Co., Ltd.
Committee report...(109)...(03)Coffee break...(94)

Papyrus...(116)

Industry News(Domestic and International)...(119)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI...(130)

List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication...(132)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District...(142)Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center...(143)

Other Monthly Statistics...(145)

News from the Association...(147)

2004 Mar JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL[Print]JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No.3
March 2004 Abstracts

The Present State of Wearable Computer and its Industrial Applications
Masakatsu Kourogi
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science andTechnology (AIST), Intelligent Systems Institute
The term "Wearable computing" is now widespread in general thanks to the media presence.
In this paper, I define the term of "Wearable computer" and discuss its crucial components, which are displays, input interfaces and sensing
devices and technologies. As one of sensing technologies, overview of a personal positioning method proposed by the authors is described.
Lastly, the potential applications to industry are described.

Performance of Fold Inspection System
Akihiro Terada
Oji Paper Co., Ltd., Ebetsu MillIn smaller-size cutter equipment, roll paper from Paper Machine is cut into the sheet sizes; A3, A4, B4, or B5, a packing machine puts upeach size 250-1000 sheets into a package, and then the packages are put in a carton box.
At Oji Paper Ebetsu Mill, since Paper Inspection in the papermaking process is important, Spot Detectors are installed in all Paper Machines.
However, in the packing process any dedicated inspection system was not installed, though the importance to inspect the packing state wasrealized.
In October 2001,the dedicated inspection system to auto-supervise the packing state was introduced in Ebetsu Mill. In this paper, we arereporting the experience of the Fold Inspection System performance to supervise the packing state.

Renewal of DCS in Takasago Mill
Yasuhiro Konishi
Ryoukou Ltd.
DCS, which are operated with CRT monitoring system, have been installed on paper machines and coating machines in Takasago Mill, andplay an important role in the machines. However, these DCS are getting superannuated. We have planed maintenance and tried to prolong thelife of DCS, but have troubles in the maintenance due to degradation of parts.
In this paper, we would like to report on the renewal of DCS in Takasago Mill.

Operating Experience and Potential for the Operation
Assistant System
Shuji Hakiai
Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd., Oita Mill, Power Division
In Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd. Oita mill we mainly produce the container board and box board. Recently we are required to increase thecompetitiveness of the mill. Then on last year we have planed and modified largely the process line to improve the quality of container board
and the labor assignment.
On this project we needed to consider about the process of introduction of the DCS (Distributed Control System) to achieve our target in the
short period. To solve the above difficulty we adopted the Operation assistant system "EXAPILOT" from Yokogawa Electric Corp. and achieved
the good result.

Experience of Using Mobile DCS
Hiroki Kato and Yasuyuki Nagai

Fushiki Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
In recent years DCS has become indispensable to plant operation in the pulp & paper industry. Operators are generally in the Central
Control Room to manage the plant, but the number of operators has been decreased by laborsaving thought, so the workshop area of each
person activity is relatively expanding than before. Fushiki Mill adopted Mobile DCS into Water/Effluent Treatment Section for the first time inJanuary 2002, and this section shifted to be managed by only one operator in April 2003.
This paper describes the results of using Mobile DCS for about 2 years.

The Actual Situation and the Examples of Mobile DCS-Information Technology (IT) Innovation of Manufacture FieldKazunari Suzuki and Jin Inoue
Yokogawa System Engineering Corporation Solution System
Dept Marketing Gr.
As twenty years or more have passed since DCS birth, a lot of products are developed, introduced and applied for the purpose of automatic
operation and safe operation of industrial plant one after another. As the result, the fewer operator in the CCR has been required. Furthermore,
a role of operator has been demanded to cover a field work or engineer work.
If its attention is paid to ﬁeld work in the manufacture ﬁeld, we still depend on manual work or human skill. Therefore, for the sake of pullingout the capability of human(that is field operator), new tool is required just now. Based on such present condition, we developed and released"e-Genba (Filed support software package)" as a tool that makes field work easier and more efficient.
We hereby introduce "e-Genba" as below.

Application of Mobile Computing Technologies to Plant Operation
Hirokazu Kamei
YAMATAKE Corporation
YAMATAKE Corporation has developed the "PlantWalker-HV" that is the mobile DCS terminal system by using mobile computing
technologies. PlantWalker-HV is a product based on "Operation Anywhere" that is YAMATAKE's next generation plant operation concept.
PlantWalker-HV supports ﬁeld operators in the several scenes as follows; Control loop check, CV bypass, Compressor starting up, Field
patrol, and so on.
PlantWalker-HV runs with several DCSs (independent from DCS vender and DCS model), because it is in accordance with OPC DA (Data
Access) and OPC A&E(Alarm and Event). PlantWalker-HV has already run with CENTUM-XL via Exaopc.

Mobile DCS - Present Condition and Use Case
Hiroshi Oota
TOSHIBA MITSUBISHI-ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS Corporation
The rapid progress of the information technology is changing the form of DCS for 1990 years in the latter half. It learned to share
information by equipping the interface which the plant data of DCS were used for easily in the factory each section. It is introduced about theoperating form by the connection of information and the use example of the terminal of mobile in the solution of operating. It explains further
about mobile DCS.

Advanced Supervisory Control of Re-Reeler
Markku Jaaskelainen, Ph.D.
Cognex Corporation (U.S.A.)
The quality and process improvements associated with the SmartView( Paper web inspection system and Advanced Winder Advisor package
are highlighted. These results are obtained through the advanced defect detection and identification capabilities of SmartView Paper web
Inspection system. Through SmartView's ability to reliably detect all type of paper defects and differentiate different types of defects the line
operators are able to confidently stop the re-reeler only on defects that need to be processed. The usage of SmartView( Advanced Winder
Advisor further streamlines the re-reeling process. Extremely accurate stopping at desired defects and at the end of the reel plus immediate
automatic resynchronization after splices provides results not seen before.

The Web Inspection System and its Possibilities-Sensing technology and Directivity of NASP SystemＭasahiro Nakata
Technology Development Vision System Div. Omron Corporation
NASP-multi-500 platform which carried out the products release in the 2002 year evolved software. And carried out the products release as
NASP-multi 530.
And the development of new personal computer system software called NASP-FX realized the downsizing platform. The addition of adetection performance and defective classification was realized by multi 530. In order to pursue the diversity of digital image-processing
algorithm, the defective classification addition was carried out. Furthermore, in products called FX, it downsized by high defective information
processing part, recording of a real-time operation demand, and a data-processing part. Advanced software technology and an advanced highly
efficient personal computer realize. Although various products have been released, a base calls at multi-500 platform. They are the continuation
product which can be upgraded.

Aiming for Open network between Each Process in Factory- Application of PROFInet, Control Bus Kenji Ohshima
System Application Group, Yaskawa Siemens Automation & Drives Corp.
It's a challenge to provide various information concerning production smoothly and quickly while pursuing factory automation and highproductivity.
Ethernet (TCP/IP) has been used for the communication among administrative computers earlier. Field bus has penetrated rapidly in shop
floors as low-end factory network these 10 years. It appears a certain measure of its standardization is accomplished though there are somekinds of Fieldbus.
Fieldbus, however, can't cover everything and so it' s necessary to consider superior layer as well in order to accomplish factory network.
Focusing on control bus, superior to Fieldbus, we would like to explain of PROFInet that enables the connection among diﬀerent kinds ofcontrollers and introduce an applied example of paper making system.

kajaani KSF-Automated Standard Freeness Tester
Naoto Takikawa and Esa Piirainen
Metso Automation, Kajaani
For the paper maker, freeness gives an estimate of what kind of ﬁbers the pulp contains and what kind of paper can be made from it. Paper
strength and different structural properties correlate to freeness testing values. Moreover, a change in target freeness value can be used to fix
certain quality defects in the finished product.
kajaaniKSF is the ﬁrst on-line true freeness testing instrument on the market, as well previous instruments measure something else thanstandard freeness.

Modern Technology for In-Line pH Measurement in P&P Industry-How to Get Reliable pH Value on the In-Line MeasurementYasuo Watanabe
Mettler Toledo K.K. Ingold Business Unit
Generally the in-line pH measurement in the Pulp and Paper Industry is one of the most diﬃcult applications due to harsh condition inprocess. According to the report by P&P association, about 30% of all existing pH loops does not work well. We would like to show you themodern technology on the In-Line pH measurement and some kinds of solution against these troubles in the various processes.

The Role of Alkali-Hydrogen Peroxide during Pulp Treatment
Iori Tomoda, Yuji Matsumoto and Gyosuke Meshitsuka
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of TokyoSemi-quantitative method was developed for the determination of α-carbonyl structure in solid lignin. Deuteride reduction followed bynitrobenzene oxidation was applied to oxygen bleached softwood kraft pulp (NOKP) in order to evaluate the reactivity of hydrogen peroxidewith α-carbonyl structures in lignin. We already showed that hydrogen peroxide attacked α-carbonyl structures in lignin very clearly during
milled wood lignin treatment. However, when NOKP and hydrogen peroxide treated NOKP were analyzed by this method, the role of hydrogen
peroxide was not clearly observed in terms of the content α-carbonyl structure. By the analysis of alkali treated NOKP without hydrogen
peroxide, it was suggested that, at the hydrogen peroxide treatment, the effect of hydrogen peroxide on the α-carbonyl structure might behidden by the generation of α-carbonyl structure and that actually hydrogen peroxide effectively degrades those newly produced structures.
Hydrogen peroxide was found to play such a "hidden role" not only for newly produced α-carbonyl structures but also for the newly produced
permanganate consuming substances during the treatment.
Keywords: kraft pulp, lignin, α-carbonyl structure, hydrogen peroxide, kappa number

Stress Analysis for Gripe Hole of Corrugated Fiberboard Case-Relation between Hole Height Position and Stress ComponentsSatoru Matsushima
Guest Professor, Center for Corporative Research and Development, Ehime University
Shigeo Matsushima
Professor Emeritus, Ehime University
An elastic analysis for a hole side plate (breadth 265mm and height 220mm) of the corrugated ﬁberboard case with the grip hole (breadth
50mm, height 2r=25mm and distance h0=25〜75mm between the hole center and upper edge of the plate) under uniform stress in the upper
hole center was performed by finite element method, and from this analysis, relations between stress components and h0 were considered.
Large absolute values of normal stresses Σx and σy in breadth and height directions and shear stress τxy are near the upper edge and sidesof the hole. Maximum of |σx| is at the middle of the upper edge in the hole of h0<41.25mmm and at the middle in the upper plate edge of h0≧41.25mm, and maximum of |σy| is at hole sides of h0<75mm and at the middle of the upper edge in the hole of h0≧75mjm. And maximum(=|τxymin|) of |τxy| is at positions r/2 (r: curvature radius of the hole) in upper direction from hole side. The maximum of σy is increase
with h0 increase, and other absolute values of maximum and minimum components decrease.
Keyword: Computational Mechanics, Structure Analysis, Elastic Bending, Strength of Corrugated Fiberboard, Elastic Stress, Analysis, Structure
Strength, Numerical Analysis, Stress Concentration?

2004 Apr JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL[Print]JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No. 4
CONTENTS
Apr-04

Welcoming New Graduates
The Eﬀect of Deinked Pulp Parameters on the Sizing Performance
Tomohiko Nakata, Ryuji Itose and Kazunari Sakai...(1)Development of Environmentally Friendly Deinking AgentAtsushi Yamasaki, Kousuke Yoshida, Akinori Kanetani and Toshio Kakui...(9)Reduction of Pitch Deposit Troubles by Coagulant Derived from Waste Corrugated Board
Masanori Kosuga, Tetsuo Morijiri, Motoharu Fujii and Masatomi Ogawa...(16)
New Rebuild Concept for Paper Machine Sections

Hidehiko Yamazaki...(26)-For Further Improvement of Paper Quality and ProductivityHurth PM1 -The World's Most Modern Newsprint Line Breaks New RecordsJK-BC System As a Highly Advanced Wastewater Treatment System -Takeshi Nonogaki...(36)
Akira Ikeuchi...(41)Actual Case of Denitriﬁcation(Wastewater from Animal Husbandry)Analysis of Distributions of the Paper Chemicals on Paper(Ⅱ)

Fumiaki Inokuchi...(48)-Approach to the Size Eﬀect and the Appearance of Strengthening Mechanism by in-situ ObservationStructural Analysis of Coating Layer Containing Plastic Pigments
Yoko Saito, Hideki Touda, Junji Kasai, Hitomi Hamada, Toshiharu Enomae and Fumihiko Onabe...(56)The Measurement of Flow load and Detecting Leak for Utility Air in Plant, as for Saving Energy
Recent Trends of Pulp and Paper Related Test Standards

Taro Sento...(64)Toshiharu Enomae...(68)-The Situation of ISO Standards and Precise Response in JIS EstablishmentTopics & Information
A Report on the18th ISO/TC6Meeting
Takayuki Okayama, Kyoji Kishi, Daisuke Sakakibara, Toshitsugu Yamada, Yoriyuki Hattori and Tadashi Kano...(81)Introduction of Research Laboratories
Physical Utilization Section and Wood Chemical Components Section, Wood Utilization...(88)Division, Hokkaido Forest Products Research InstituteResearch Report
Liquid Transfer Characteristics of Recycled Pulp Handsheets
Takayuki Okayama, Nozomi Yoshinaga and Ken-Ichi Hashizume...(92)The Evaluation of Paper Sludge(PS)for Zeolite Synthesis(Part4) -Monthly Change of ChemicalComposition of PS and The Proposal of the Synthesis Techniqus to Industrial OutoutTakao Ando, Osamu Sugiyama, Masato Saito, Kimio Hiyoshi, Naoto Matsue, Teruo Henmi and Shuji Shimada...(101)
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan-Tomakomai Mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd-Oji Paper Co., Ltd...(111)

Committee report...(03)

Essay on Intellectual Property...(90)Coffee break...(91)

Papyrus...(120)

Industry News(Domestic and International)...(123)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI...(134)

List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication...(136)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District...(143)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center...(144)

Other Monthly Statistics...(146)

News from the Association...(148)

2004 Apr JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL[Print]JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No.4
April 2004 Abstracts

The Effect of Deinked Pulp Parameters on the Sizing Performance
Tomohiko Nakata, Ryuji Itose and Kazunari Sakai
Harima Chemicals, Inc.
Environmental issues have been taken seriously in all over the world. Although the papermaking industry is taking advantage of biomass
resources, utilization of recovered pulp as recycle has been one of the most important trials in order to establish the ecological company. The
recovered paper utilization rate target has been increasing year after year, and it has been set up to be 60% in fiscal year 2005. Deinked pulp
(DIP) and virgin pulp have been used as raw materials for papermaking. The utilization of DIP has made paper chemicals less effective due toincrease of fines, decrease of retention and increase of miscellaneous substances. Other factors such as deinking agent and washing process
have also affected the properties of DIP. However, researches have primarily focused on either the impact of recycle on the DIP or surface
tension of deinking agents rather than investigating the effect of the DIP parameters on the sizing performance.
Therefore, factors that can aﬀect paper sizing in the DIP system were investigated in this research. Furthermore, design of a novel dispersedrosin size for this system is discussed.

Development of Environmentally Friendly Deinking AgentAtsushi Yamasaki, Kousuke Yoshida, Akinori Kanetani and Toshio Kakui
Chemicals Research Laboratories, Lion Corporation
Waste paper recycling has been developed for the protection of the environment around the world. The deinking agent plays one of the mostimportant roles in the deinking process for waste paper recycling. However, the environmental safety of the deinking agent has not been
discussed until now, and the biodegradability of the currently used deinking agent is not good. Recently, the safety of the chemical ingredientshas received worldwide attention based on environmental and human concerns. Using the raw material derived from plants, a new deinking
agent that is environmentally acceptable was developed by engineering the molecular structure and molecular weight. The deinking agent
showed an environmental safety equal to that of soap. The deinking performance was also much better than the conventional deinking agent;especially, it had an excellent pulp yield.

Reduction of Pitch Deposit Troubles by Coagulant Derived from Waste Corrugated Board
Masanori Kosuga, Tetsuo Morijiri, Motoharu Fujii and Masatomi Ogawa
Seiko PMC Corporation, R&D Division, Chiba Laboratory
In paper manufacturing process, the formation of colloidal pitch particle is an important matter that aﬀects the runnability and ﬁnishedproduct quality. Pitch deposit troubles caused by stickies in the recycled waste pulp have been increased with increasing the usage rate ofrecycled waste paper. Especially, pitches of polyacrylate esters derived from adhesives used for labels in the door-to-door delivery services havebeen drastically increased for the last several years. This type of pitches is frequently found on the drier rolls and canvases.
Four diﬀerent types of our coagulants were evaluated in the liner mill which has pitch trouble derived from polyacrylate ester. These
coagulants were effective in the reductions of the amount of pitch on the drier doctor, defects in the paper, and also turbidity and anionicity ofwhite water, irrespective the kinds of coagulants.
Evaluations of the coagulants above were carried out in our laboratory in order to study mechanism of pitch formation and eﬀects of thecoagulants with the use of model pitch. Polyacrylate ester extracted from adhesive tape with THF was used as model pitch. The results showed
the coagulants are effective in preventing pitch agglomeration of this model pitch. However, the action mechanism of the coagulants may bedifferent, depending on their types, from the results of measurement of pitch particle size and its distribution by in-line particle monitoring
system.

New Rebuild Concept for Paper Machine Sections-For Further Improvement of Paper Quality and ProductivityHidehiko Yamazaki
Metso-SHI Co., Ltd.

Several full line of OptiConcept machines with Metso Paper's advanced technologies integrated have been running and acquired favorable
world-wide reputations in recent years. To achieve higher level of paper quality and higher productivity is targeted for these machines. An online LWC paper machine with 10 m wide and 2000 m/min of design speed is a good example.
On the other hand, the improvement of product quality, increase in production capacity and improvement of production line's performancenot by installing a new production line but by rebuilding existing machines, are strongly requested. The technologies for such rebuilds consist of
several individual section rebuilds, which together produce an effective line rebuild. Instead of approaching improvements by rebuilding thewhole line at once, a step-by-step rebuild approach may be taken to start by improving areas with the greatest potential first.
In this presentation, we introduce several topics selected from wide range of Metso's rebuild technologies.

Hurth PM1-The World's Most Modern Newsprint Line Breaks New RecordsTakeshi Nonogaki
Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
This entire project and commissioning impressively shows what can be achieved through an optimal combination of meticulous planning,
innovative technology, and competent personnel both on the side of the supplier and the customer. Bernhard Schmidt, Rhein Papier GmbHproject manager, sums up the Hurth PM1 project execution and results as follows: "In the record time of only 12 months from construction
start up to first paper on the Sirius reel, we completed an exceptional project together with Voith. Hurth PM1 is certainly one of the greatest
successes in our entire company history".

JK-BC System As a Highly Advanced Wastewater Treatment System-Actual Case of Denitrification (Wastewater from Animal Husbandry)Akira Ikeuchi
Itochu Sanki Corporation
The JK-BC system is a wastewater treatment system developed as an evolution of activated sludge process and rotating biological contactor
process. It uses bacilli (aerobic bacteria) preferentially cultured to a high concentration in combination with JK-BC system (three-dimensionalrotating biological contactor) to bring about an evolution in the field of wastewater treatment. The JK-BC system has made it possible to treat
high-concentration wastewater to remove nitrogen, phosphor, and odors which cannot be eliminated by the conventional bacteria.

Analysis of Distributions of the Paper Chemicals on Paper (II)-Approach to the Size Effect and the Appearance of Strengthening Mechanism
by in-situ ObservationFumiaki Inokuchi
Research & Development Center, Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.
The ﬁxing of paper chemicals (sizing agent and strengthening agent) has been evaluated, in terms of "quantity", such as content % in paper,and the form of fixation has not intensely studied.
Also, the fundamental observations of detailed pulp structure and distribution of paper chemicals on the pulp were not simple tasks.
In recent years, the progress of analytical technologies has been enabling the detail evaluation of paper and pulp surface in simple process andthe observation of paper chemicals on the micro-fibril has become possible by utilizing Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM).
The newest analysis results for distributions of sizing agent and strengthening agent on the paper and pulp ﬁber by utilizing Environmental
Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) is reported in this presentation.

Structural Analysis of Coating Layer Containing Plastic Pigments
Yoko Saito, Hideki Touda and Junji Kasai
ZEON Corporation
Hitomi Hamada, Toshiharu Enomae and Fumihiko Onabe
The University of Tokyo

Recently, the amount of plastic pigment used for coated paper has been increasing because the requirement of coated paper has beenchanged to have high sheet gloss, high brightness, and good opacity. The effect of plastic pigments existing in coating layer on the properties ofcoated paper was investigated by analyzing the structure of coating layer. According to the results of the measurement of porosity, SEM imageof cross-section surface and analysis of its photographic image, it is found that the coated paper including plastic pigment shows the excellentsmoothness and has a lot of pore in the coating layer and the orientation of inorganic pigment are disordered compared with that formulated byinorganic pigment only. This tendency is stronger in case of using hollow sphere. Following 2 reasons were considered, the existence of void
due to the hollow sphere itself and disordered orientation of inorganic pigment by hollow sphere which has large particle size. Plastic pigment
would play an important role in order to manufacture the coated paper of bulky and excellent optical properties. In this report we describe these
examination results.

The Measurement of Flow load and Detecting Leak for Utility Air in Plant, as for Saving Energy
Taro Sento
Sec.2, Marketing Department, Advanced Automation Company, Yamatake Corporation
This paper explains the importance of selecting an air ﬂowmeter in ﬂow load measurement and the system of detecting very little air leak, andintroduces an air flowmeter, AIRcube and an air leak detector, Leak DetectorII, which is needed for reducing a load of utility air of a pulp andpaper plant, from the above perspective.

Recent Trends of Pulp and Paper Related Test Standards-The Situation of ISO Standards and Precise Response in JIS EstablishmentToshiharu Enomae
Paper Science Laboratory, Bio-material Sciences, Graduate School of agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
Testing standards committee member of JAPAN TAPPI
Test standards play important rolls in management of pulp and paper products, data acquisition of fundamental research etc. for companies
in papermaking industry. In comparison with past products of themselves or with products of other companies, test standards provide themeans of evaluation beyond time and space. Pulp and Paper Test Standards Committee of Japan TAPPI, as major tasks, take a commission toestablish JIS and deliberate ISO drafts for voting on them. Since 1998, JIS has been conformed to ISO standards so that Japanese domestic
standards would not become a non-tariff barrier. However, nowadays, international standardization activities are obviously utilized as a national
strategy by EU and United States. Japan stands in a crucial stage, but we should positively get involved with activities of Working Groups in
ISO/TC6 - paper, board and pulps - to direct ISO standards never against Japanese papermaking industry. This article will summarize 10
recent standards of JIS published or to be published in 2000 or later as well as 19 ISO standards under draft processes to understand the world
situation. At last，the next international meeting of ISO/TC6 is scheduled on November 3rd to 8th this autumn in Tokyo. Kind cooperationand participation by everyone interested would be appreciated.

A Report on 18th ISO/TC6 Meeting
Takayuki Okayama*, Kyoji Kishi**, Daisuke Sakakibara**, Toshitsugu Yamada***,Yoriyuki Hattori**** and Tadashi Kano
Pulp and Paper Testing Committee, JAPAN TAPPI*Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology**Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
***Oji Container Co., Ltd.
****Mishima Paper Co., Ltd.
Japan TAPPI hosted the plenary meeting of ISO/TC6, which is responsible for the development of international standards for paper, board
and pulps, on November 3-8, 2003 in Tokyo.
Meetings of two Sub Committees, SC2 and SC5 were held on November 6 and 7, respectively. Sixty-eight delegates representing 15 member
countries presented in the series of meetings. This was Mr. George Weiss’ last meeting as Chairman of ISO/TC6. Mr. Robert Wood has been
appointed as the next chairman of ISO/TC6, for a three-year term since January 1, 2004.
A proposal to create standard testing methods for the determination of D65 brightness and the Determination of Colour (D65/10?) wasapproved (9 approved, 3 disapproved and 2 abstained). The revision of ISO 216 to include American writing paper dimensions was received
favourably by 71% of the members voting, and therefore is qualified to proceed directly to the DIS stage.

Liquid Transfer Characteristics of Recycled Pulp Handsheets
Takayuki Okayama, Nozomi Yoshinaga and Ken-Ichi Hashizume
Laboratory of Recycled Resource Science, Faculty of Agriculture,
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Ken-Ichi Hashizume
Laboratory of Complex Functions of Materials, Faculty of Technology,
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Structural characteristics of chemical pulp ﬁbers are irreversibly changed by recycling. The change of the surface behavior of a single pulp
fiber during recycling was characterized by measuring the contact angle using appropriate test liquids. A remarkable increase in the contact
angle of water was found after recycling. Recycling treatment did not substantially change the surface free energy of the fiber. However, thebase parameter of the surface free energy decreased with recycling, particularly that based on free-drying at high temperature.
Two types of penetration measurements were designed to measure the rate of vertical (Z direction) and lateral (X-Y direction) liquid
penetrations into paper. The rate of water penetration increased with recycling, and correlated with a porous structure in the recycled pulp
handsheet. The tortuosity factor for the handsheet was calculated using the Lucas-Washburn equation. The recycled pulp gave smaller
tortuosity factors of the handsheet compared with the virgin pulp.
Keywords : Recycling, Pulp fiber, Wetting, Liquid penetration, Acid-base interactions

The Evaluation of Paper Sludge (PS) for Zeolite synthesis(Part 4)-Monthly Change of Chemical Composition of PS and The Proposal of theSynthesis Technique to Industrial OutputTakao Ando, Osamu Sugiyama, Masato Saito and Kimio Hiyoshi
Fuji industrial research institute of Shizuoka prefecture
Naoto Matsue and Teruo Henmi
Department of agriculture, Ehime Univ.
Osamu Shimada
Gakunan daiich cooperation of paper manufacturing association
We have been investigating the zeolite synthesis from paper sludge ashes (denoted as PS zeolite) by alkali hydrothermal treatment as a neweffective utilizing technique of the paper sludge (PS). In this study, 102 samples of PS gathered from 16 paper mills in Fuji city for a half year
were chemically and mineralogically examined and statistically evaluated in terms of fitness to the zeolite synthesis. The chemical compositionof PS and the characteristics of PS zeolite led us to fallowing results. The relationship between CaO content (x) and the intensity of XRD peakassigned to zeolite (Z-index/10000 = y) was found as y = -0.37Ln (x)+1.48. Also, the fairly well linier relation between the atomic ratio of Ca
to Si, XCa/Si, and Ca to Al, XCa/Al, was found as XCa/Si/XCa/Al=0.89. Based on these relationships, we classified the PS's into new chemical
ranges of (A) to (D) in order to distribute almost the same number of samples in each range; that is, 21, 23, 22, 24, respectively. Here, Zindex/10000 at the boundary of the ranges (A) to (B) was 0.41, (B) to (C) 0.25 and (C) to (D) 0.20. This new classification was thenconverted to the mineralogical ranges (A) to (D) in a talc-kaolinite-calcite trigonal diagram through the calculation by normative method. It
was found that the PS ashes in the ranges (A) in the diagram never changed into the rage (D) during a half year, and the reverse relationshipwas also correct. The mixture of PS's discharged from the 16 mills, as is in practice, contained 25.0% CaO, which was classified into the rangeof (B) and would formed hydroxysodalite. We proposed a new technique in order to obtain zeolite from the PS mixture for industrial output, inwhich 1.0M Si was added to the alkali solution with the PS mixture.
Keywords: zeolite, paper sludge, calcite, talc, kaolinite2004 May JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL[Print]JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No.5
CONTENTS
May-04

Energy Saving I
Results of the FY2003Follow-up to JPA's Voluntary Action Plan and Report ofKunihiko Aida...(3)Energy Situation in Plup and Paper Industry in Japan
Energy-saving in Stock Preparation

Koji Nomura...(16)-Energy-saving by a Renewal to the Low No-load Horsepower Small ReﬁnerSteam Saving in Paper Making Process-Steam Saving by Raising The Temperature of Pulp Slurry Using Hot Water and Recycling

Susumu Chiba...(20)White Water form Paper Making ProcessEnergy Conservation of Screen

Tomomitsu Nihei...(27)

Eﬃciency Improvement of GAS IR System on＃51Paper Machine

Yasunori Arakawa and Yoshihiro Kudo...(30)

Reduction of Turbine Bypass Blow oﬀ Steam by Lowering the Minimum Load of No. 4Boiler

Junya Ota...(35)

Boilers Energy Conservations

Teruhiko Tamai...(39)The Energy Saving of the Power Plant

Tadayuki Kubo...(44)Topics & Information
Automation In the WET End ProcessTM

Hideomi Uchikawa...(49)

Deoxygenate Equipment for Boiler Water by Nitrogen

GasSatoru Ura...(57)

Pulp Bale Breaker

Masaki Maeda...(61)-Pre-shredding for Stabilized Operations and Reduce CostsAutomatic Pallet fork transport system -Automatic Pallet-Robot2003Research Projects of Universities and Government Research Institutes

Susumu Inaba...(67)
Wood Science Committee, JAPAN TAPPI...(72)

Technical Report
Study on the Eﬀect of Testing Conditions on Compressive Strength and Bursting Strength of Board
Masataka Ito, Hideki Izumi and Yoshio Yoshida...(82)
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan (35)
-Odawara Mill, National Printing Bureau, Incorporated Administrative Institution-...(89)National Printing Bureau, Incorporated Administrative Institution
Committee report...(03)Coffee break...(81)

Papyrus...(93)

Industry News(Domestic and International)...(96)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI...(107)

List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication...(110)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District...(120)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center...(121)

Other Monthly Statistics...(123)News from the Association...(125)

2004 May JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL[Print]JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No.5
May 2004 Abstracts

Results of the FY 2003 Follow-up to JPA's Voluntary Action Plan and Report of Energy Situation in Pulp and Paper Industry in Japan
Kunihiko Aida
Japan Paper Association
The Japan Paper Association (JPA) has been actively working to save energy since 1997 when it established its "Voluntary Action Plan on
Environmental Issues". JPA declared its policy of restraining CO2 emissions as one of the actions: By 2010, reduce the unit of fossil energy forpaper products by 10% from that of 1990 level.
Since 1998, JPA has been following through on the actual results of the unit of energy in the year, and has been publishing its resultscompared with that in 1990 every year. The following are the results for 2002 and the report of energy situation in pulp and paper industry inJapan:
Unit of fossil energy in 2002 was smoothly reduced by 6.6% from the level in 1990. However, the reduction in a unit of CO2 emissions
remained 2.3% because cost competitive coals have been largely used.
Paper and paperboard production increased by 9.8% in ﬁscal 2002 compared to that of 1990 level, whereas, increase in CO2 emissions
remained at 7.3% from the 1990 level. A breakdown of the 2.5% reduction from 9.8% to 7.3% shows that the pulp and paper industry
decreased by 2.2% and electric companies contribute to reducing the remaining 0.3% (from effective generating and transmission electricity).
According to 22 companies that replied to our questionnaires, a total of 14.8 billion yen was invested in energy saving measures for ﬁscal
2002 and the crude oil equivalent of energy saved reached 290 thousand kiloliters per year. As far as the estimation from 20 companies, 44.5
billion yen will be invested and 254 thousand kiloliters per year will be saved from 2002 onwards.

Energy-saving in Stock Preparation-Energy-saving by a Renewal to the Low No-load Horsepower Small RefinerKoji Nomura
Production Dept. Fuji Mill Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Increasing the social demands to saving natural resources and the environmental protection, the production of the recycled paper has grown
every year. The new plant of recycled pulp operated at Fuji Mill in 2000, and it has corresponded to the demand of recycled paper. While theproduction of products with a high use ratio of recycled pulp are increasing, the production of products with virgin pulp tend to decrease at
7,8M/C which manufacture colored paper, printing paper and base paper of coated paper. Therefore the quantity of bleached softwood,
hardwood kraft pulp used for the paper machines is decreasing. The capacity of the refiner and the pump for bleached softwood kraft pulp instock preparation becomes excessive for the manufacturing condition with a little amount of virgin pulp use. And it is in a situation that can't beefficient power use. According to the situation of the pulp flowing quantity and freeness target, we make a study of using the small type ofrefiner for saving the energy.

Steam Saving in Paper Making Process-Steam Saving by Raising The Temperature of Pulp Slurry Using Hot Water and Recycling White Waterfrom Paper Making ProcessSusumu Chiba
Hachinohe Mill, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd.
We have taken measures to reduce the energy consumption as one of the environmental improvement plan based on ISO 14001 standard in
the Hachinohe mill of the Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. Company since 2001. And the target of the plan is to reduce the ratio of steam andelectricity consumption to the paper production in the mill at the rate of 1 % every year.
Therefore we studied the actual conditions of processes in the mill and made a plan to save fresh water from the view point that cutting theheat loss by saving the warm waste water sewage could lead to the saving of steam consumption . Based on the plan, some measures have been
carried out since 2002.
In this paper we describe the way to make the best use of hot water from a surface condenser in a black liquor evaporation plant and the way
to reduce the size of a sand filter plant used for white water recovery from paper making process.

Energy Conservation of Screen
Tomomitsu Nihei
Kanto Mill (Ichikawa), Hokuetsu Paper Mills Ltd.

Kanto Mill(Ichikawa), Hokuetsu Paper Mills Ltd is the factory which produces recycled paper, such as white board paper, as a major product.
Taking advantage of conditions of location, and it is working considering the used paper the cargo oh is collected from a metropolitan area as
main materials.
Although this used paper quality is becoming an aggravation tendency in recent years,the quality level of the paper called for is severe
conversely.The equipment which is greatly related to this quality level is screen equipment before a materials tone part and a paper maker. I
report the example of two affairs about an improvement of a quality side and change of power saving.

Efficiency Improvement of GAS IR System on #51 Paper Machine
Yasunori Arakawa and Yoshihiro Kudo
Nippon Daishowa Paperboard Yoshinaga Co., Ltd.
Energy-saving is a priority matter in paper and board manufacturing process, which consumes a lot of energy. Nippon Daishowa Paperboard
Yoshinaga Co. Ltd.
aiming "Full Recycling mill" is focusing on it anytime and anywhere in the mill.
By replacement the burners of GAS IR system to the energy-saving type on #51 which produces on-machine coated board, we successfully
achieved the saving of energy. After the burners replacement, the drying capacity increased by improving thermal transmission efficiency which
can expect us the saving of gas consumption. However, it was not so easy to determine the optimum gas output under the actual machine
operation. This paper shows how we obtained the actual energy saving.

Reduction of Turbine Bypass Blow off Steam by Lowering the Minimum Load of No. 4 Boiler
Junya Ota
Sobue Mill Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd.
No. 4 boiler (CFB; Circulating Fluidized Bed type) at our plant started operations in 1995 after our mill's fuel conversion program by taking
the place of No. 3 boiler (heavy oil fired boiler).
The maximum steam generation of No. 4 boiler was 120t/h and it has been in operation with steam generation between 95 t/h to 120 t/hwhen all four paper machines were in operation. The operation of one large paper machine was reduced from 2002 and the operation of themachine stopped in January 2003 completely. The required steam generation now ranges between 75 t/h and 96 t/h.
Since the low-load operation of No.4 boiler causes a blockage in the combustion-air blowing nozzle at the bottom, the minimum operationload has been kept at 75 t/h. However, after the suspension of the large paper machine operation, power consumption at our mill when othermachines are stopped for service and maintenance purposes has gone down. At a boiler load level of 75 t/h, power generation exceeds power
consumption to result in a back feed to the power supply utility company. As a result, turbine bypass operation (blow off steam through turbine
bypass valve) has become necessary.
In order to lower blow oﬀ steam by the turbine bypass operation, boiler operation needs to be further lowered and grid nozzle modiﬁcation
was seriously considered.
Grid nozzle type was changed from "pig tail" to "arrow head" to prevent bed material from entering the nozzle hole, so that nozzle blockage
would not happen in low-load operation.
Thanks to the grid nozzle modiﬁcation, the present minimum load is as low as 62 t/h and the rate of nozzle clogging by calculation stands at
23%, which means there is no problem. The boiler has been in operation without turbine bypass operation.
The reduction in blow oﬀ steam amount to the air as a result of low-load operation for the boiler currently amounts to about 600 t/month.

Boilers Energy Conservations
Teruhiko Tamai
Iwakuni Mill, Nippon Paper Co., Ltd.

Power plant at Nippon Paper Iwakuni mill has six boilers: one bark boiler, two oil boilers and three recovery boilers (two of them arestandbys), and nine turbine-generators (three of them are standbys). All electricity required for the mill operation can be generated from thepower plant. Iwakuni mill has been modifying the operation, promoting reuse of exhaust heats, replacing some old equipment with higher
efficiency ones and constructing new high efficiency plants as well in order to increase energy efficiency at the power plant.Energy saving is oneof the very important issues these days for mill operations, however at the same time effective solutions to achieve valid energy saving cannot beeasily recognized. Therefore the mill now is challenging to reduce energy consumption with new activity, such as introducing responsibility
share on each sections for the target.
This describes the result of the construction of Magna Drive, which started operation in Oct. 2003 and the plan for heat recovery of an oil
boiler with S-CON, which is scheduled in 2004, as considerable solutions of energy saving.

The Energy Saving of the Power Plant
Tadayuki Kubo
Nomachi Mill, Chuetsu Pulp and Paper Co., Ltd.
While no one predicts the future of the Japanese economy, each company is striving for cost reduction in order to survive. On the other hand,
pulp and paper companies are tackling to energy-saving as the most important theme from the viewpoint of cost reduction and global
environmental problem. At Chuetsu-Nomachi Mill, we have been proceeding to energy-saving in each process, then both the amount ofgenerating steam and using power have increased due to the operation of No.1 coater machine (April, 1998) and DIP facilities (October,1999). After we tackled to energy-saving in order to lower the load of the mill, as a result, we were able to attain the heat recovery by passing
the circulation water (about 70℃) of the Desox equipment of No.4 boiler through the pre-heater of 1st FDF and 2nd FDF, and also we wereable to raise the temperature of the deionized water by change of the extraction of the raw water going into the deionized water equipment. The
example of application is introduced, as follows.

Automation 1n the WET End ProcessTM
Hideomi Uchikawa
Voith Paper Automation Japan Ltd.
The literal German translation for approach ﬂow system is Constant Part. It suggest that all process variations in this area directly upstream
from the headbox have to be reduced a minimum in order to produce high quality paper.
Pressure, ﬂow and consistency variations can be reduced or eliminated by applying state-of-art process technology. Much of this is wellknown, proven technology. However, recent developments with new measuring instruments now permit the control of chemical behavior of thestock suspension of in the approach flow system.
By combining retention with these new online measured parameters, and ensure both high quality and consistency of the ﬁnished paper.
Total retention, ﬁller retention, charge or gas content should be controlled depending upon the furnish composition of the grades that are
produced.
It will be shown in this paper how this can be integrated into the overall control architecture of Quality Control Management of the paper
machine.
Various practical experiences outline the high potential of these new control strategies.

Deoxygenate Equipment for Boiler Water by Nitrogen Gas
Satoru Ura
Toyobo Engineering Co., Ltd., Environment Solution Division
Our Deoxygenate equipment for boiler water spends less Nitrogen Gas than other equipment. It may be about 1/3 quantity of old equipment.
Our Deoxygenate equipment use special technology to make fine bubble. It is very effective for Deoxygenate from boiler water by NitrogenGas.
If you use chemicals for deoxygenate boiler water. Our Deoxygenate equipment for boiler water saves large money.
Although this equipment is a condensation ﬁlter, with the existing technology which adds a condensation agent in the water for processing, it
is equipment condensed only by there being nothing, making into the shape of complications or a pellet substances, such as water magnesiumoxide processed specially, and passing processing water to it.
This equipment is equipment which converts an established waste incinerator so that the dioxin regulating method may be suited.

Pulp Bale Breaker-Pre-shredding for Stabilized Operations and Reduce CostsMasaki Maeda
Industrial Machinery Department.NIPPON SHARYO, LTD.
Bale Breaker : SSI's slow-speed, high-torque shredders oﬀer important solutions to meet your product reclamation and pre-processing needs.
Shredding bales prior to pulping enables the hydropulper to be meter-feed a steady stream of consistently sized material. This improves andaccelerates the blending process, resulting in increased capacity and efficiency (through lowered hydropulper energy and maintenancecost).Users have also reported reduced chemical usage and costs (because of accelerated material breakdown) as well as an improved end
product.

Automatic Pallet fork transport system-Automatic Pallet-RobotSusumu Inaba
Maruishi iron works Co., Ltd.
Maruishi manufactures and sells Pallet Shrink- Packing Machine and Pallet Dust Remover and so on, which have been developed under atechnical tie-up between ourselves and REKER in Germany since 1991.
We would like you to introduce the following Pallet-Robot. Pallet Robot is the full automatic fork style of skid transport system. The
characteristic is as follows.
. Fully automatic working operation.
. No deforming sheets during pick-up and transport.
. Pick-up of a single skid out of a complete set.
. Transport of skids in any direction, also free turning of robot.(available for any kind of sheeter). One pallet robot can handle several sheeters, capacities up to 80 skids/hour.
(depending on layout)
We would produce results such as we delivered more than 5 Pallet-Robots to Europe and one Pallet Robot to Japan in 2001.

Study on the Effect of Testing Conditions on Compressive Strength and Bursting Strength of Board
Masataka Ito, Hideki Izumi＊＊ and Yoshio Yoshida
Material Analysis Center, R & D Div., Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
JIS P 3902 "Linerboards" speciﬁes the compressive strength by ring crush tester and the bursting strength by Mullen high pressure bursting
tester. The both strength tests have comparatively large variance on the test results among the testers. In this report, we studied the effect of
testing conditions on the both strengths of board.
On the compressive strength test, the parallelism of the upper and lower platens, the position of test piece holder on the ring crush tester, theposition of test piece seam in the test piece holder, the kinds of die cutters and the kinds of ring crush testers had effect on the results.
On the bursting strength test, the pressure at 10mm bulge height of diaphragm and the kinds of bursting testers had eﬀect on the results.
Keywords: testing conditions, compressive strength, bursting strength, board, ring crush tester,high pressure bursting tester

2004年6月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN

TAPPI

JOURNALVol. 58, No.6

CONTENTS
Jun-04

Energy Saving II
Heat Recovery from the Waste Water

Hiroyuki Watanabe...（1）Improvement Example to Reduce Water Content of Paper Sludge
Tatumi Hosaka，Takeshi Kato and Katsuhiro Kobayashi...（5）Energy Saving by Adopting the High Eﬃciency Steam Turbine

Kenji Okamoto and Toshiaki Hatakeyama...（10）Energy Saving with Atmospheric Steam Reduction

Shinnei Furuse...（16）

Activities of Energy Subcommittee at Niigata Mill, Hokuetsu Paper Mills, LTD.

Tomoo Arano...（20）The Examples of Energy―Saving in Oji Kure

Shoji Hirooka...（26）The Improvement in an Energy Original Unit and the Energy―Saving Example in a Futatuka

Masashi Masui...（32）Factory―Transition and Consideration of Energy and CO2 Original Unit―

The Recent Activity of Energy Conservation at the Kasugai Mill

Junichi Nakamura...（39）

Energy Curtailment at Mishima Mill, Daio Paper

Masanori Watarikawa...（46）Topics & Information
BTF Dilution Headbox System

Junichi Yano...（53）―Comparison Data between before and after BTF Retroﬁt―
Developments for High―Speed, High―Eﬃciency & Stable Paper Coating
Shigenari Horie, Masahiro Sugihara and Hiroshi Miura...（59）
Technical Trend of Mechanical Seals for Pulp & Paper Plants

Hidekazu Takahashi...（67）―Mechanical Seal Technology meeting Environmental Preservation―
Introduction of Research Laboratories(41)Institute of Wood Technology, Akita Prefectural University...（76）

Research Report
Improvement of Hardwood Pulp Yield in Continuous Kraft Cooking and Estimation of Pulp Yields（Part 1）―Optimal Conditions for Yield Increase and Estimation Using Carbohydrate Analysis―
Tomoya Yokoyama, Hiroshi Ohi and Keiichi Nakamata...（79）
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(36)―Shizuoka Mill, Tomoegawa Paper Co., Ltd．―Tomoegawa Paper Co., Ltd....（86）

Committee report...（03）

Essay on Intellectual Property...（75）

Coffee break...（78）

Papyrus...（95）

Industry News（Domestic and International）...（100）

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI...（111）

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication...（113）

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District...（125）

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center...（126）

Other Monthly Statistics...（128）

News from the Association...（130）

2004年6月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN
June

TAPPI

2004

JOURNALVol. 58, No.6
Abstracts

Heat Recovery from the Waste Water
Hiroyuki Watanabe
Kushiro mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd., Oji Engineering Kushiro Dept.
Kushiro Mill produces 700 thousand tons pｅr year of newsprint, coated paper, mechanical "paper and linerboard by four paper machineswith pulp plants (KP, RGP, DIP and OCC). In compliance with social requirements on environmental protection, Kushiro mill works for theincrease in the wastepaper (DIP) utilization rate, according to environmental of Oji paper. And the expansion of DIP plant was completed in
2003.
As known, large quantities of warm water is necessary with DIP production process for washing of the ink particles which deinked from thewastepaper. The location of our mill is the cold districts, so it is necessary to use many amounts of steam at the pulp and the paper machineprocess.
We had to make warm water by using a new source of heat, because the warm water from the condencing turbine and machine waste heat
was already consumed in the mill. In thisreport, I describe the Heat Recovery from the new source which is waste water, and the savingenergy.

Improvement Example to Reduce Water Content of Paper Sludge
T. Hosaka, T. Kato and K. Kobayashi
Kushiro Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
We have worked the sludge boiler that utilizes the paper sludge (PS) as the main fuel in 1992.And we are advancing the application of therenewable energy that is substituted to fossil energy.
In recent years, with advancement of the waste paper utilization, the materials for the paper making of our mill changed the de-inked pulp
from the mechanical pulp. Also the amount of PS increased with utilization of DIP, the ratio of PS in the sludge boiler reached the point ofapproximately 70%.
On the one hand, the ash of mill draining rises due to the utilization of the magazine waste paper, accordingly energy eﬃciency of the sludge
boiler deteriorates.
This time, we assured equipment remodeling and PS-ﬂuke stabilization in PS dehydration process. As a result, PS percentage of watercontent decreased, as for us, could improve PS combustion energy.

Energy Saving by Adopting the High Efficiency Steam Turbine
Kenji Okamoto and Toshiaki Hatakeyama
Saga Mill, Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd.
The Saga mill No.2 steam turbine of our company has operated for 34 years and totally 12.0% eﬃciency decline at maximum output
operation have been recognized which consists of deterioration in the turbine, pressure loss at the reconstructed extraction point and etc.
By replacing the turbine rotor, diaphragm and nozzle to the high eﬃciency type which causes 14.85% eﬃciency improvement at maximum
output operation and by shifting the operation mode from the condensing power generation and purchasing power to the extracting power
generation, we have achieved both energy saving and cost cut.

Energy Saving with Atmospheric Steam Reduction
Shinnei

FuruseYatsushiro Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

At yatsushiro mill, coal ﬁred power plant has been operated successfully since 1993and it contributes to the cost reduction of Yatsushiro mill.

In early 1998, installation of the world-class N2 newsprint machine was completed, adding, substantially to our international competitivenessas a paper mill.
N 2 newsprint machine produces a haif of total production of Yatsushiro mill. On that account, when N2 paper machine stopped, we would
stabilize boiler load with the releasing of atmospheric steam to decrease a large amount of the boiler load.
Power plant operators in a small group activity made a study of the stop timing of a coal mill.
In this report, we describe the results of a small group activity successful to archive the reducing of the atmospheric steam by a large
marginies.

Activities of Energy Subcommittee at Niigata Mill, Hokuetsu Paper Mills, LTD.
Tomoo Arano
Hokuetsu Paper Mills, LTD., Niigata Mill Technical Section
The annual consumption of Hokuetsu paper Mills, LTD. Niigata Mill is approximately 5,000kL per year, converted into heavy oil. The
activity of main energy saving has been started up since 1980 and now operating division, engineering division, and administrating divisioncooperate in the energy saving by means of the Energy Save Meeting. The target of the energy saving is 1% reduction of the annual energy
consumption for purchase. The energy saving result in last three years was 9,200kL, and attained to the target. According to the classification of
the energy saving by pattern, 75% of the energy saving case are easily case that stop surplus instruments by improvement the operating
standard or changing flow. The recent main energy saving case in Niigata Mill are changing impellers of medium consistency pumps andexaminations applying temporarily inverter unit for the preset motors.

The Examples of Energy-Saving in Oji Kure
Shoji Hirooka
Oji Engineering Co., Ltd., Kure MillOji Paper has set itself the target of reducing its purchases of energy in unit terms by 2010 by 10% compared with 1990, and promoting
activity in the whole company. Since 2000 when Oji Kure mill obtained environment control international standard (ISO 14001)certification,
we are performing energy-saving activities in the program of the environmental management system (EMS).
I introduce some examples characteristic as a pulp-paper mill, and the situation in the Kure mill from the latest energy-saving result.

The Improvement in an Energy Original Unit and the Energy-Saving Example in a Futatuka Factory-Transition and Consideration of Energy
and CO2 Original UnitMasashi Masui
Futatuka factory, Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.
Chuetsu Pulp Futatuka Mill is in Takaoka-City of Toyama-Pref., which is located in the middle of Kanto economic region and Kansai
economic region, supplies the products to the customers in both Tokyo and local area. The mill produces 180,000t/y of newsprints mainly.
This time, the main theme of Energy-Savings Seminar is “Returning to the starting point : an example of energy saving of the mill”, and ourtheme is “Transition of energy consumption per unit and Example of energy-saving” concerning about the change of fossil fuel consumption
per unit from 1990 to 2002.
According to the data book 2003 investigated by Japan Technical Association of Pulp and Paper Industry, both the purchase energy and CO2
consumption per unit of Futatuka mill has been descending from the peak of 1993. Of course it depends on the increase of production simply
judging from the index of production level, although, it is considered that the implementation of energy saving and the improvement ofefficiency has contributed mostly. I try to make the important factor clear with adding consideration, and also the following is a successful
example of energy saving implemented.

The Recent Activity of Energy Conservation at the Kasugai Mill
Junichi Nakamura
Kasugai mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
Ojipaper Co., Ltd.’s Kasugai mill started operating in 1952. Recently the mill demands an ever increasing amount of electricity and steam.
This is caused by greater production of used paper products; use of ECF sequencing in bleaching wood pulp; and increased electricity demands
if new high-technology machinery. In this paper the composition, usage and conservation of energy in the Kasugai mill are reported.

We classiﬁed the energy conservation activity, which was carried out from1998 to 2002 (ﬁscal years), into 10 main themes and 6 sub-themes.
Each amount of energy conservation was converted to the crude-oil equivalent. It turns out that conservation of about 7000 KLs and22,900
CO2 tons has been attained by the end of 2002. The energy conservation effect is large and furthermore we’re going to introduce sevenexamples whose technique could be applied to elsewhere.
Furthermore, in order to attain the independence action plan of the paper and pulp industry titled; "Cutting down a purchase energy ﬁeld
unit ratio per product for 10% compared to 1990, by 2010”, we set up the numerical target which should be attained by the end of the 2008
fiscal year.

Energy Curtailment at Mishima Mill, Daio Paper
Masanori Watarikawa
Mishima Mill, Daio Paper Co., Ltd.
The power generating facility at Mishima Mill has a 531 MW standard output and consists of 18 power boilers and 14 turbines. It supplies all
the electricity used here and the surplus electricity is sold to the market.
After the oil crises Daio Paper shifted fuel dependence from heavy oil toward coal. Since 1985 we have also attempted to be more eﬃcient in
the power plant by raising the pressure and the temperature in the boilers and installing new turbines, and increased production of recycled
pulp which has a low energy consumption rate.
In 2002, we accomplished a 15% reduction in fossil fuel energy consumption/paper tonnage compared to 1990.
However, facing the reality where reduction in carbon dioxide emission is required to meet the demands of global warming prevention, we aremaking independent efforts in the area of energy curtailment and fuel, with the aim of more than a 10% reduction by 2010 compared with 1990
level.
Energy curtailment cases in Mishima Mill are discussed in the following section.

BTF Dilution Headbox System- Comparison Data between before and after BTF Retrofit Junichi Yano
Design Section, Kawanoe Zoki CO., Ltd.
We will give a presentation on how much product quality can be expected to improve by retroﬁtting the BTF system to an existing headbox,
based on machine startup data in the USA and Canada.
Since many roll type headboxs are still in operation in Japan, we will also introduce data of two kinds of roll type headboxes this time.
The ﬁrst system in Japan started up in July this year. We are sure we will be able to talk about an interesting result of installation in the near
future.

Developments for High-Speed, High-Efficiency &Stable Paper Coating
Masahiro Sugihara
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD., Hiroshima R&D Center
Hiroshi Miura
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD., Paper & Printing Machinery Division
Mitsubishi Pilot Coater has been rebuilt to improve high-speed coating performance and to realize the simultaneous both side ﬁlm coating．
This rebuild enables our new developments for high- speed, high-efficiency and stable coating technology and customer's coating trials forverifying the performance of coater or coating color composition．
The eﬃciency of the state of the art "MJ-Sizer" for misting reduction and web stabilization, and the novel "Ejector & Steam substitution
System" for high-speed free jet type applicator for prevention of air entrainment at the interface between coating color jet and base paper
surface, have been veriﬁed by using this high-speed pilot coater． Several fundamental studies on ﬁlm coating, blade coating and curtain
coating are also being carried out to realize the high-speed, high-eﬃciency and stable coating operation．
In this report, we present our new high-speed pilot coater and some new technologies for high-speed coating．

Technical Trend of Mechanical Seals for Pulp & Paper Plants−Mechanical Seal Technology meeting Environmental Preservation−
Hidekazu Takahashi
Eagle Industry Co. Ltd., Seal Engineering Dept.

A mechanical seal prevents or reduces outboard leakage of toxic chemicals and saves energy and resources. Therefore, it can be deemed as
one of the important environmental instruments that is directly and indirectly contributing environmental preservation. In a pulp & paper plant,
many numbers of varieties of pumps are utilized such as water pumps, pulp pumps and chemical pumps all through the production processes
from digesting to painting. In recent years, a mechanical seal has been selected as a standard sealing device for such pumps to pursue
economical advantages by save energy, save resource and save maintenance points of view and is greatly contributing environmental
preservation. I will make brief explanation of the mechanical seals first and then show you examples of environmental issues and contributions
achieved by the mechanical seals.

Improvement of Hardwood Pulp Yield in Continuous Kraft Cooking and Estimation of Pulp Yields (Part I)−Optimal Conditions for Yield
Increase and Estimation Using Carbohydrate Analysis−
Tomoya Yokoyama and Hiroshi Ohi
Institute of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Tsukuba
Keiichi Nakamata
Technical and Development Division, Hokuetsu Paper Mills, Ltd.
The optimal conditions of isothermal cooking (ITC) for yield improvement of hardwood kraft pulp were established using Acacia mearnsii
wood in a laboratory. The addition of both 1% sulfur and 0.04% soluble anthraquinone on wood gave an about 4.5-5% higher pulp yield at a
kappa number of about 17. The highest yield was obtained when 70% of total active alkali and 100% of both PS and AQ were added at the
beginning, and successively, black liquor was exchanged with fresh white liquor containing the remaining 30% of total active alkali just after thecooking temperature reached 135°C. A linear correlation was observed between pulp yields and ratios of xylose to glucose (X/G ratios),
liberated from the pulps by an acid hydrolysis. This result means that a pulp yield can be estimated by knowing an X/G ratio of the pulp.
However, it was indicated that the linear correlation for Acacia mearnsii can not be applied to cooking of different wood species.
Keywords: kraft cooking, isothermal cooking, polysulfide, anthraquinone, carbohydrate, pulp yield2004年7月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN

TAPPI

JOURNALVol. 58, No.7

CONTENTS
Jul-04Pulp
Eﬄuent Minimization in European and North American Pulp and Paper Industries

Hiroshi Araki...（3）―Major Incentives for Mills to Reduce Water Consumption―
Operating Conditions of High Pulp Consistency Ozone ECF Bleaching

Shuuichiro Mochizuki...（19）The Present Condition of Filtrating and a Future Plan of BKP Process

Toshihiro Kaketaka...（24）

Operating Experience of Bleaching Plant in ＃5 KP

Yasuhiko Nishiguchi...（27）―Improvement of Mill Water Consumption Rate by Increased Capacity―
The Instances of Water Saving in Niigata Mill

Takeshi Sato...（33）

Operating Experience of Partial Closure in ECF Bleaching

Masami Furui...（38）Introduction of Eﬀective Utilization of Water in the Kraft Pulp Factories

Yuji Tsukamoto...（42）DD Washer in Pulp Washing and Bleaching
Tamio Fukuzawa, Kannji Hagiwara, Masato Tsuchitana, Pekka Tervola and Olavi Pikka...（49）
System Closure for Kraft Pulp Mill and the Latest Fiberline Technologies
Modern Bleach Plants―Closure and Bleaching Strategies―

European Aspects to Kraft Pulp Eﬄuents

Yan Ju...（61）Toru Kobayashi...（70）
Christian Blom, Pia Jour and Muneo Sakamoto...（76）―Current Situation and Future Possibilities―
Topics & Information
Adjustable Speed Drive Coupler MagnaDrive

Mitsuhiko Matsuda...（90）―Energy Saving with Non―contacting Permanent Magnetic Coupler―
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan
Nippon―Nippon Daishowa Paperboard Yoshinaga Co., Ltd．―....（98）

Daishowa Paperboard Yoshinaga Co., Ltd

Committee report...（03）Coffee break...（97）

Papyrus...（105）

Industry News（Domestic and International）...（108）

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI...（120）

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication...（122）

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District...（133）

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center...（134）

Other Monthly Statistics...（136）

News from the Association...（138）

2004年7月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN
July

TAPPI

2004

JOURNALVol. 58, No.7
Abstracts

Eﬄuent Minimization in European and North American Pulp and Paper Industries−Major Incentives for Mills to Reduce Water Consumption−
Hiroshi Araki
Japan Pulp and Paper Research Institute. Inc.
Environmental regulations and economics have increased interest in minimizing water use and eﬄuent discharge in the world. The
reduction of water use by pulp and paper industries is mainly driven by environmental regulation and cost saving. Although our water
consumption has decreased considerably during the last decade, we are still large users of fresh water in comparison to other manufacturingindustries. A good water management allows us to reduce the water consumption without any increase in toxicity and affection to the processesor the quality of the final products.
US pulp and paper industry discharged 53m3/adt of eﬄuent in 1999. This represents a 40 percent reduction as compared to 1975.
Continuous progress has been made by the Canadian industry in reducing water use. The average discharge is 66m3/adt presently. Current
design levels for new mills in the newsprint and bleached kraft sectors are about 15m3/adt and 50m3/adt, respectively. The average dischargeof EU pulp and paper industry is 35m3/adt presently and show the decrease of 19m3/admt (35%) during recent 5 years.
In Japan the national average of eﬄuent discharge by the pulp and paper industry is about 90m3/adt in 2001. Although the eﬄuent volume
has been decreased 75m3/admt (45%) since 1980, there are still opportunities for further reduction on water use and effluent discharge.
This paper provides a summary of the eﬄuent minimization implemented in European and North American pulp and paper industries
during the 1990s.
Keywords : Effluent minimization, Environmental regulation, Water consumption, Effluent discharge, Bleached kraft pulp mill, Toxicity.

Operating Conditions of High Pulp Consistency Ozone ECF Bleaching
Shuuichiro Mochizuki
Nichinan Mill, Oji paper Co., Ltd.
High pulp consistency ozone ECF bleaching plant was started up at Nichinan mill in 2002. This bleaching system is the ﬁrst one in Japan.
The operation is now stable through the solution of a couple of troubles during starting stage.
Since we found that the pulp consistency and pH would be eﬀect on the reaction eﬃciency on ozone stage, they have been carefully
controlled as key factors.
There would be almost no diﬀerence on pulp quality between ozone ECF and chlorine bleaching. The paper quality and runnability of
paper machine seems to be same in both cases.
The content of AOX and chloroform in eﬄuent has been remarkably reduced, by >90% and >99%.

The Present Condition of Filtrating and a Future Plan of BKP Process
Toshihiro Kaketaka
Nomachi Mill, Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.
Nomachi mill has 2 continuous cooking lines for Softwood (N) Pulp or Hardwood (L) Pulp respectively, and each process has individual
bleaching system as well. As far as N pulp is concerned we produce both high Kappa-No. pulp for Kraft paper and low Kappa-No. pulp for
bleached pulp base paper.
This time, from the viewpoint of water-savings, I take up the washing ﬂow of bleaching process as an example of BKP Filtrating.
We use Drum Filters as the washer of bleaching line for both N and L. As for bleaching sequence we adopt the conventional one, that is to
say L is C/D-E/O-H-D and N is C-EP-H-D. And we appropriate the filtrate of the last stage (H & D) to the shower of the fist stage effectively.
I explain such a present condition of washing ﬂow and the point of improvement after strengthening the H2O2 Bleaching line for N pulp, andalso introduce the plan of ECF for N pulp that is to be changed from the conventional bleaching process this April.

Operating Experience of Bleaching Plant in #5KP−Improvement of Mill Water Consumption Rate by Increased Capacity−
Yasuhiko Nishiguchi
Iwakuni Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
A kraft pulp production line at Nippon Paper Iwakuni Mill, #5KP, was rebuilt in 1994 and has been operating well. The new line, originallydesigned as 1200 daily metric tons for bleached hardwood pulp, has three bleaching stages, C-E/H-D, each with a Diffuser Washer to intend
energy saving. Since the start-up we have focused on improving the washing efficiency and reducing water consumption.
Although the water consumption rate had been improved with increasing the production, we had diﬃculty in the bleaching eﬃciency andproductivity due to scale trouble on the Diffuser Washer screens. A chemical washing to those screens was effective in removing calcium scale.
Furthermore we found a method to prevent the scale by dosing caustic soda to washings on the secondary stage of the Diffuser Washer. (Pat.)
These approaches have led to improvement of bleaching efficiency and expansion of production; 1450 mtpd in 1999, 1550 mtpd in 2002. As theresult of increase in productivity, the water consumption rate in bleaching process has been significantly improved.
Keywords：Water consumption rate, Diﬀuser Washer, scale trouble

The Instances of Water Saving in Niigata Mill
Takeshi Sato
Hokuetsu Paper Mills Ltd., Niigata Mill
Hokuetsu Niigata Mill started up the new coated paper machine (PM8) in July 1998. To reduce the purchase of market hardwood pulp for PM8
and other upgraded machines, the increase of pulp production capacity and the modernization of the pulp plant were planned and carried out
before PM8 was started up.
This new pulp plant introduced ECF bleaching with D0-EP-DnD as a sequence. One of the most important thing was to reduce the use ofwater for this modernization.
This article describes some instances of water saving at the pulp plant in Niigata mill.

Operating Experience of Partial Closure in ECF Bleaching
Masami Furui
Hachinohe Mill, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited
New ECF bleaching sequence introducing pretreatment stage (QX), pretreatment with a mixture of chelating agent (Q) and xylanase (X), wasdeveloped to allow the recovery of bleached effluent from several bleaching stages in Hachinohe Mill of Mitsubishi Paper Mills. The sequence
was (QX) P1HP2D. The filtrates from (QX) stage and P1 stage were recovered and introduced to the mill recovery cycle.
Before implementing the mill trials with new sequence, the balance of metals in the process was investigated. Most of the metals ﬂowed infrom the wood chips. The metals that flowed in the recovery cycle were discharged as the dregs. However, because the removed rate as thedregs was low about silicon and aluminum, their accumulate in the process concerned.
By the recovery of bleached eﬄuent, the concentration of metals in the black liquor increased a little .
Keywords：ECF bleaching, Pretreatment stage, chelating agent, xylanase, ﬁltrate, partial closure, recovery cycle

Introduction of Effective Utilization of Water in the Kraft Pulp Factories
Yuji Tsukamoto
Ebara Corporation, Environmental Engineering Group
Recently, the paper factories within the country have shown the trends of merger and abolition and the surviving factories have been in the
direction toward increasing in production. Therefore, and due in part to the expanded demand for wastepaper, the water situation around thepaper factories stands, in general, facing a severe condition. The precondition for increasing in production is that there is an allowance forwater usage, and therefore, for each factory, it is becoming an important theme to reduce the specific water consumption per unit paper
product. With the objective of investigating on water saving, EBARA implemented surveys of water balance in two kraft pulp factories within
the country on a total factory basis. Based on the results obtained in the above surveys, this article reports the features of water use and thepoint of effective utilization of water in the kraft pulp factories.

DD Washer in Pulp Washing and Bleaching
Tamio Fukuzawa, Kannji Hagiwara and Masato Tsuchitana
Andritz K.K., Japan
Pekka Tervola and Olavi Pikka
Andritz Oy, Finland
The Drum DisplacerTM-washer (DD washer) has designed in response to the demand for improved washing efficiency, reduced operating,
maintenance and capital costs. Today the DD washer is widely accepted by pulp mills all over the world and up till now, about 120 DD washers
have been taken into operation.
The family of DD washers comprises machines that can be fed at low (from 3% to 6%, LCDD) or medium (from 8% to 11%, MCDD)
consistency. The number of washing stages varies from one to four. Thanks to its unique segregated counter-current washing principle, a highwashing efficiency can be reached. The design and the construction of the DD washer has been further developed, so that even higher
displacement washing efficiency can be achieved and this excellent washing efficiency has been proven in the mill trial. The DD washer
installation positions include brownstock washing, post-oxygen washing and bleach plant.
The unique PT Pressure Thickener innovated by Andritz can increase the low pulp consistency by about 2%, thereby improving processwater management and washing efficiency of washing devices, for instance, after the screen room. The Andritz Modu screen F is capable ofreplacing the conventional centri-cleaners in the post-bleach position as has already been done in European pulp and paper mills. The Modu
screen F gives high dirt removal efficiency and also provides the special feature of removing light-weighted particles like plastics from the pulp
stock. Since the Modu F screen can operate at 3 times higher pulp consistency than the conventional cleaners, it improves water management
resulting in energy saving.

System Closure for Kraft Pulp Mill and the Latest Fiberline Technologies
Yan JuKvaerner Pulping KK
The pulp and paper industry is always under strong pressure from authorities, “green” organizations and consumers to reduce theenvironmental impact of the pulping processes. Since the dioxin debate, the pulp industry had improved its operation and to reduce theemissions and other substances to the receiving waters with new technologies same as recycling the filtrate or system closure.
In this paper it will be discussed that system closure for kraft pulp mill and the latest ﬁberline technologies. At the mention of system closurein kraft pulp manufacturing, it is the important developments include widespread adoption of new cooking techniques, oxygen delignification,
closed screening, improved process control, new bleaching methods, and systems that minimize pulping liquor losses.
It was shown that Kvaerner Pulping new technologies such as the new cooking processes- COMPACT COOKINGTM and KOBUDOMARI
cooking systems, a new oxygen delignification system-DUALOXTM, a hot chlorine dioxde bleaching system-DUALDTM, and a new washingequipment-COMPACT PRESSTM are playing an important role in system closure.
Keywords: system closure, Kraft pulp, filtrate, NPE, emission

Modern Bleach Plants- Closure and Bleaching Strategies Toru Kobayashi
Metso-SHI Co., Ltd.

A conventional ECF sequence is difficult to close without risk of process problems such as corrosion in the recovery system. With light ECF
bleaching including a high consistency ozone stage followed by an alkaline stage without an intermediate washing stage, the water consumption
and the COD discharge can be reduced considerably compared with a conventional ECF sequence. The use of ozone in the bleaching has also
shown to be efficient to lower the brightness reversion of the bleached pulp. One cause of brightness reversion is hexenuronic acids, HexA, in
pulp. Ozone reacts very selectively with HexA and therefore pulps with high HexA content are well suited for bleaching with ozone.

European Aspects of Kraft Pulp Effluents- Current Situation and Future PossibilitiesChristian Blom and Pia Jour
Eka Chemicals AB

Muneo Sakamoto
Nissan-Eka Chemicals Co., Ltd.
The development of Kraft pulp bleaching technology has led to better quality products and lower emission levels. The ECF bleaching
technology has become the most common with 75% world market share for bleached chemical pulps (2001). By internal measures (partial
closure, spill control, etc) and by external measures (biological effluent treatment) the COD and AOX emissions can be reduced to the level of
10 kg/ADT and 0.2 kg/ADT respectively. ECF bleaching technology is now part of the EU BAT, affecting the current emission limit directives.
A massive R & D effort, Ecocyclic Pulp Mill ? KAM, suggests solutions to further reduce the emission levels. However, most of the technologies
still await commercialization.
Keywords : Kraft pulp, Bleaching development, ECF bleaching, EU BAT, Emission limits, Partial Closure, Effluent treatment, Ecocyclic Pulp
Mill

Adjustable Speed Drive Coupler MagnaDrive−Energy Saving with Non-contacting Permanent Magnetic Coupler−
Mitsuhiko Matsuda
Nomura Shoji Co., Ltd.
Energy saving initiative is very important in any field where energy is consumed. MagnaDrive ASD has been developed in U.S.A. as a variable
speed coupler for an electric motor to control rotating speed of load for the purpose of saving electric power to the motor. The MagnaDrive is amagnetic coupler with rare earth magnet, which has most powerful permanent magnetism up to the date. MagnaDrive is to be installed justbetween axes of motor and load, and requiring neither anymore device nor wiring, and more over is operable under tough circumstances suchas in high temperature or at outdoors. In this document, MagnaDrive is introduced with explanation of operating theory, benefits andapplication examples.

2004年8月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN

TAPPI

JOURNALVol. 58, No.8

CONTENTS
Aug-04

Topics & Information
The Latest ID ―Screen & FiberNet with ID―

Kazumi Fujita...（1）Technologies ―Intermediate Deﬂocculation & Dilution Device for Simpliﬁcation and Power
Savingof Screening Process―SiriusTM：High Performance Reeling Concept

Eiji

The Application of Novel High Cationic Charge Density Dispersion Polymers for Paper

Ando...（11）

Yoshiya Yamaguchi...（17）

Chemicals
Improvement of Blade Former Performance with VentaShoeTM

Technology

Keiichi Fujiki, Hiroshi Iwata and Kazuhiko Masuda...（23）―Upgrade Path to Next Generation Blade Former：MH―Former iFB―
A Study on Pigment Coated Paper Produced by High Speed Curtain Coating（2）Kazuaki Ito, Hisashi Matsui and Atsushi Higuchi...（30）
A Study of Sheet Gloss Part．2
Application of SAQ

Noriko Kitamura...（37）to Modiﬁed Cooking Processes

Junji Tanaka...（44）Fundamental Knowledge of Adhesion Phenomena and Application
Seiya Okamoto, Munetaka Mukasa and Isao Yoshimura...（50）
Improving Runnability of Papermaking Machine through Optimization of Wet―end Operation Part II
Masa Taniguchi, Koichi Tadaki, Munetoshi Yamaji, Shigeru Kurose and Kenji Tsunekawa...（56）
Improved Process Control with STFI On―line Fiber

Hakan Karlsson...（67）―On-line and Laboratory Measurements of Fiber Quality Based on Image Analysis―
Introduction of ITALIAN Waste Water Treatment into JAPANThe 2004 Pan Paciﬁc Conference

Akira Yamaguchi and Yasuyuki Murata...（73）―April 19〜21，2004 at Canbera, Australia―

Gyousuke Meshitsuka, Toshiharu Enomae, Ayano Kawamura, Kazuhiro Kurosu,Keiko Fujita and Kunitaka Toyofuku...（78）Introduction of Research Laboratories（42）

Laboratory of Fibrous Biomaterials, Chair of Biomaterials Technology, Division of Forest and...（84）

Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
Research Report
Kraft Pulping Characteristics of Plantation―grown Acacia Mangium

Keigo Watanabe and Takanori Miyanishi...（87）

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（38）―Kumagaya Plant, LINTEC Corporation―LINTEC Corporation...（94）

Committee report...（03）

Essay on Intellectual Property...（83）Coffee break...（86）

Papyrus...（101）

Industry News（Domestic and International）...（106）

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI...（118）

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication...（122）

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District...（135）

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center...（136）

Other Monthly Statistics...（138）

News from the Association...（140）

2004年8月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN

TAPPI

August2004

JOURNALVol. 58, No.8
Abstracts

The Latest ID-Screen & FiberNet with ID-Technologies― Intermediate Deﬂocculation & Dilution Device for Simpliﬁcation and Power Savingof Screening Process ―Kazumi Fujita
Aikawa Iron Works Co., Ltd.
ID-Screen is the latest screen equipped with ID-Technologies (Intermediate Deﬂocculation & Dilution Device) which breaks the ﬂock offibers & small flakes and dilutes the reject stock consistency for recovering 100% passage efficiency of screen basket. With ID-device, the 2ndor the 3rd processing became possible in the one set of ID-Screen. FiberNet is the latest reject treating screen which also applied the IDDevice. ID-Screen & FiberNet realize dramatic simplification and power saving of screening process.

SiriusTM: High Performance Reeling Concept
Eiji Ando
Application Engineering Dept. Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
To fulﬁll the wide varieties and precise requirements of paper industries, future paper machine concept needs comprehensive and ﬂexible
solution considering the context process. Voith Paper offers “One platform concept” to cover the all customer requirements. This concept
contains the special components for each section as well as total platform for the processing. For reeling component, SiriusTM covers needs ofadvanced reeling requirements for all paper and board grade. This characteristic issue is the one nip control via the Senso-reel drum. The nipload is continuously applied without changing the loading system. SiriusTM winding system allows maximum variability in the selection andapplication of all winding parameters. This description shows our new reeling concept for the most modern paper machine.

The Application of Novel High Cationic Charge Density Dispersion Polymers for Paper Chemicals
Yoshiya Yamaguchi
Paper Chemical Group, Shonan Research Center, HYMO Corporation
We have developed novel cationic dispersion polymers obtained by graft polymerization of acrylamide and (meth) acrylate onto polyalkylene
polyamine. Specific properties of these polymers are not only high cationic charge density such as polyalkylene polyamine on the present market
and also wider molecular weight distribution, higher polymer concentration, lower product viscosity and higher solubility.
The monomer components and polymerization processes have been carefully designed and optimized for various applications of wet-end. As
a result, several line-up products have been prepared; Himoloc MT series as pitch control agents, Himoloc FR series as drainage aid andHimoloc SR series as retention aid respectively. These products are expected to help paper mills achieve stable paper making proceeding bycontrolling pitches and anion trashes, and increase paper making productivity by higher retention and draining rate in the wire section, by
higher squeezing rate in the press section and by higher drying efficiency in the dryer section.

Improvement of Blade Former Performance with VentaShoeTM Technology― Upgrade Path to Next Generation Blade Former: MH-FormeriFB ―Keiichi Fujiki
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD., Paper & Printing Machinery Division
Hiroshi Iwata and Kazuhiko Masuda
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD., Hiroshima R&D Division
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD. has developed a new technology that combines the best aspects of roll-blade and pure blade forming. Thisnew technology consists of replacing the initial forming zone with a grooved smaller radius blade design. Rework to a former and headbox isminimal.

As in roll forming, the VentaShoeTM traps the jet more symmetrically with a positive angle to the wires that reduces the jet impingement
sensitivity. Reduction in jet impingement sensitivity provides easy operation without any defects such as light spots. The blade drainage section
provides the superior formation of a traditional blade former.
There are currently three papermachines utilizing this new technology. The ﬁrst started up in North America in 2001 then the second andthird started up in China and Japan respectively in 2002. All have been demonstrating many benefits in terms of paper qualities andpapermachine operation.

A Study on Pigment Coated Paper Produced by High Speed Curtain Coating (2)Kazuaki Ito, Hisashi Matsui and Atsushi Higuchi
Polymer Research Laboratories, JSR Corporation
Curtain coating is the non-contact coating method which liquid sheet falls freely onto the substrate to be coated. This coating system is very
simple and has many advantages in easiness of operation, production efficiency and so on. In addition of these, recent works have been reported
that curtain coating provides a very good coverage against coated surface expectively. In spite of the many advantages, curtain coating has notbeen used for the pigment coating because of the various problems occurred under the high speed condition.
In this paper, we report the inﬂuence of roughness character of the base paper surface and coating color properties on the above problems.
We also report the character of high speed curtain coated paper surface and these printing properties compared with blade coated commercial
A2 or A3 grades.

A Study of Sheet Gloss Part 2
Noriko Kitamura
Latex Research Center, Nippon A&L INC.
The tendency to improve the quality of coated paper becomes more and more marked in these years. In connection with this, the demand ofincreasing sheet gloss of coated paper is also rising. In our previous paper, we studied the relation between sheet gloss and surface roughness ofcoated paper and found that sheet gloss was highly affected by surface roughness. The higher the smoothness of coated surface, the higher the
sheet gloss.
In this paper, we focus on the eﬀect of volume change of coating color and constriction of base paper during drying process on surface
roughness. To study the properties of coating color and the constrictions of base substance, coating colors are prepared changing in total solids,
pigments and water retention agents and are coated on base paper and polyester film.
The result shows that sheet gloss of coated paper depends strongly on volume change of coating color during drying process ; the smaller thevolume change of coating color during drying process, the higher the sheet gloss of coated paper. This tendency is same in case of coating onbase paper and coating on polyester film. Namely, the coating color, the volume change of which is small during drying process, gives high sheet
gloss to the coated paper and such influence is superior to that of the constrictions of base paper.

Application of SAQR to Modified Cooking Processes
Junji Tanaka
Kawasaki Kasei Chemicals Ltd.
SAQR has been used as a cooking additive in many KP mills. This process is known as "Quinone Cooking". This paper shows how SAQ is
applied to recent modified cooking processes. In order to make conditions of laboratory test similar to the ones of a real digester, we developeda small scale digester in which addition and extraction of cooking liquors are possible.
Using this equipment, the following results became clear.
1) Addition of SAQ at the top of digester is most effective. The effect of SAQ is decreased if it is added after the start of cooking. Also divided
addition of SAQ is not efficient.
2) When SAQ is added to the top of digester, the divided addition of white liquor doesn't influence the effect of SAQ.
3) The amount of extracted SAQ from a digester accompanying the extraction of black liquor is very small. Even if some of SAQ is extractedwith black liquor from a digester, the effect of SAQ is scarcely influenced.

Fundamental Knowledge of Adhesion Phenomena and Application
Seiya Okamoto, Munetaka Mukasa and Isao Yoshimura
Tesatape k.k.

Adhesive tape products are common in consumer and industrial use. And they are used massively in Paper Manufacturing Industry. But wefound the customers who don’t know always the properties of adhesive products, then they encounter difficulties when choosing tape-products
or solving their problems.
In this session I’ll give explanations about the following features based on the view point of designing adhesive-tapes for Paper Manufacturing
Industry.
1) Fundamental knowledge of adhesion phenomena.
2) Application knowledge for actual use.
3) Practical example of adhesive tapes for each paper manufacturing process.
4) Introduction of tesa new tape product “EasySplice Winderline”.

Improving Runnability of Papermaking Machine through Optimization of Wet-end Operation Part II
Masa Taniguchi, Koichi Tadaki, Munetoshi Yamaji, Shigeru Kurose and Kenji Tsunekawa
Chemicals for Pulp & Paper Div., Technical Dept., Somar Corporation
Diversiﬁcation of recycle ﬁber sources and concern on environmental issues in paper industry in recent years makes papermaking operation
more troublesome. Common use of Alum in acid papermaking has been reduced due to the trend in neutral conversion and scale deposition.
Further improvement in wet-end operation and cost reduction are the subject of total machine operation. In particular use and effectiveness ofvarious wet-end chemicals are under consideration.
Deterioration of raw material quality inﬂuences both machine runnability and paper quality. It is diﬃcult to achieve required objectives by asimple chemical application. It is common that one quality improvement may cause other properties to suffer. Due to complexity of the
problem, the system using multiple chemicals rather than single chemical gives more realistic solution.
The presentation last year entitled “Optimization of Wet-end Operation by Realizer” demonstrated problem solving approach from theanalysis of machine deposit resulting from biological, inorganic and organic materials. Somar’s long history on biocide application, and wet-end
improvement by effectively capturing pitch and anionic trash, and observing scale deposition and foam formation, allows new proposal ; total
deposit control system.

Improved Process Control with STFI On-line Fiber― On-line and Laboratory Measurements of Fiber Quality Based on Image Analysis ―Hakan karlsson
Product Manager, Lorentzen and Wettre AB
L & W STFI Fibermaster is a platform for pulp quality measurements. Measured values are ﬁbre length, width, shape, kink, ﬁnes, coarseness,bendability, vessels, shives and freeness. The latter are recent developed extensions with complementary technology developed to suit different
applications. The base is fibre analysis with cameras and image analysis. The development of measurement technology was carried out
originally at the Swedish Pulp and Paper Research Institute (STFI). Many R&D laboratories in Scandinavia use L&W STFI Fibermaster.
Several on-line applications have now been implemented. The leading market pulp producer in Europe has on-line measurement of fibre
properties installed on all of the Scandinavian mills.

Introduction of ITALIAN Waste Water Treatment into JAPANAkira Yamaguchi and Yasuyuki Murata
Industrial Machinery Div., HEIWA PAPER CO., LTD.
HEIWA PAPER CO., LTD. started the new business at April, 2002, such the introduction of the treatment of industrial and municipal
waters, sludge and rejects, from Italian
O.M.C. Collareda Srl into Japan.
The main operating processes introduced at the present time, are three systems such as FLOATION, SETTLING-FLOATATION,
FILTRATION. Each system has a special designedequipment, as follows,
1）FLOATATION system...DELTAFLOAT and TIGERFLOAT.
2）SETTLING- FLOATATION system...SEDIDELTAFLOAT.
3) FILTRATION system...GAMMAFILTER, OMEGAFILTER, DENSIDESC and SIGMA-FILTER.
are explained the structures and mechanics in detail in this paper.
The application sectors in this paper focus on the spcific and final treatments for paper board mill waste water.

The 2004 Pan Paciﬁc Conference― April 19〜10, 2004 at Canberra, Australia ―Gyousuke Meshisuka*1,Toshiharu Enomae*1,Kawamura Ayano*2, Kazuhiro Kurosu*3,
Keiko Fujita*3 and Kunitaka Toyofuku*4*1The University of Tokyo*2Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
*3Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
*4Japan Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry
2004 Pan Paciﬁc Conference incorporated the 2004 Appita (18-22 April) was held in Canberra, Australia. Mr. Meshitsuka, professor atTokyo University and Mr. Toyofuku, executive director of Japan TAPPI attended the conference as the representatives of Japan TAPPI. At theconference 4 Japanese speakers noted
The representative from Paptac (Canada), Japan TAPPI, Korea TAPPI, TAPPI (Philippines), Taiwan TAPPI were in the attendance at theconference, but the representative from TAPPI (USA) was not.

Kraft Pulping Characteristics of Plantation-grown Acacia Mangium
Keigo Watanabe
Nippon Paper Industries CO., LTD., Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory
Takanori Miyanishi
Nippon Paper Industries CO., LTD., Fushiki MillThe ﬁrst large-scale aﬀorestation of Acacia mangium was started in 1991 at Provinces of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Prior to the constructionof a new pulp mill, kraft pulping characteristics of plantation-grown Acacia mangium was investigated in our laboratory. It was found that pulp
yield was very high and was comparable to Eucalyptus globulus. Acacia mangium pulp had high brightness, low dirt and high viscosity. It was a
short and thin-walled fiber, and was valuable for its ability to produce paper with low bulk, high opacity and good smoothness. In 1999 the Musi
Mill in Indonesia was constructed and is currently producing full bleached kraft pulp at a rate of 450,000 tons per year. Major applications arewoodfree printing paper, lightweight coated paper, tissue paper, and white board.
Keywords: Acacia mangium, kraft pulping, afforestation

2004年9月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN

TAPPI

JOURNALVol. 58, No.9

CONTENTS
Sep-04

Topics & Information
New Developed GelViewTM Sensor to Optimize the Coater Drying System

Reijiro Nakano...（1）New Modiﬁed Starch for Surface Size Press

Mitsuo Ishida...（7）Treatment Capacity of Rotary Press Filter

Koji Matsumoto...（14）―Test Result of Continuous Operation―
Sulfuric Acid Inline Diluting System

Kimiaki Seki...（19）―Various Application of the Sulfuric Acid for Cost Reduction, and Its Safety Dilution―
Operational Impact of DFLSTM Cooking at Alberta―Paciﬁc Forest Industries

Randy Reimer and Kanji Hagiwara...（24）The Latest Developments in Camera Event Capturing Technology

Kari Hirudenn...（30）

Online Web Imaging Solution

Atsushi Kodama...（36）―MTS Concept and WIS（Web Imaging Solution）―
Application of Composite Coating to The Rollers for Paper Manufacture

Keiji Nakai...（46）―Roller which is Compatible in Durability and Less―dirt―
Simulation of Ink Removal at a Newsprint Deinking Facility

Bill C. Strand and Joelle M. Scheldorf...（51）A Cost―Eﬀective Talc Solution to Stickies Control in OCC Pulps

Shingo Hayakawa and Gary R Williams...（58）

Rod Metering State of the Art

Dirk Schepers...（62）

The Development of Defoamer for Kraft Pulping Process

Katsuomi Shimabayashi...（71）

Research Report
Maximum Elastic Stress for Squar Tubular Case of Corrugated Fiberboard Box Shape under
Uniform Compression（On Anisotropic Panel）
Satoru Matsushima and Shigeo Matsushima...（77）
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（39）―Kanzaki Mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd―Oji Paper Co., Ltd.

...（86）57th JAPAN TAPPI General Meeting...（93）

Committee report...（03）Coffee break...（76）

Papyrus...（118）

Industry News（Domestic and International）...（121）

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received byJAPAN TAPPI...（132）

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication...（135）

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District...（149）

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center...（150）

Other Monthly Statistics...（152）

News from the Association...（154）

2004 Sep JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL[Print]JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No.9
September 2004 Abstracts

New Developed GelViewTM Sensor to Optimize the Coater Drying System
Reijiro Nakano
Sales Development Dept, Honeywell K.K.
Uniform coating is a complex and diﬃcult issue, as the coating process is aﬀected by a large number of interrelated variables, ranging fromthe recipe, theology and application solids, to base sheet porosity and the unique characteristics of the coater. One key element for end coatinghomogeneity is control of the coating consolidation process. The ability to control the rate of evaporation requires continuous control of both
air dryers and infrared (IR) dryers, providing the papermaker with a valuable tool to significantly enhance their product quality.
This paper presents a new method with a new developed GelViewTW sensor for monitoring and controlling the rate of drying coatings. The
method consists of a series of fixed-point measurements, distributed along the path of the coater dryer section, configured to produce outputs
enabling monitoring and control of the drying rate along the length of the coater. The individual measurements are presented in a standard
operator station and track the reflective changes of the surface of the coating. The GelView is a fiber optic based system, which, through its
complex algorithm, is capable of combining the surface condition data with other quality control data to produce a robust analysis of the drying
rate of the coating. This new ability enables the papermaker to optimize production while minimizing or eliminating quality problems, such as
back-trap print mottle.

New Modified Starch for Surface Size Press
Mitsuo Ishida
Research and Development Laboratory, Oji Cornstarch Co., Ltd.
We report new modiﬁed starch for improving surface strength of paper. Recently according to increase of waste paper, surface strength ofpaper tends to be lower, and at the same time printing press is operated more high-speed and has a function of multicolor printing for spread ofoffset printing, so that printing trouble is increasing such as picking, scuffing and break.
We have developed new amphoteric starch suitable for oﬀset printing papers.
This amphoteric starch shows more stable viscosity than commercial oxidized starch and has high water resistance on treated paper.
Size pressed paper with this amphoteric starch improves surface strength of paper.

Treatment Capacity of Rotary Press Filter- Test Result of Continuous Operation Koji Matsumoto
Application Development Section Process Engineering Department
Machinery & Equipment Division, TOMOE ENGINEERING CO., LTD.
Rotary Press Filter, a rotational pressurized dewatering machine with a new dewatering mechanism, which was introduced from Fournier
Industries Inc. in Canada and is currently manufactured and sold by Tomoe Engineering Co., Ltd. Because of its high dewatering capacity,
simple mechanism, sealed structure without odor, compactness that can reduce energy cost, and superior maintenance, Rotary Press Filter isconsidered to be a dewatering machine suitable for the future. We have installed 23 units (including sewage) and 3 units (2 places) for paper
waste sludge only in Japan. In addition, we are continuously carrying out dewatering tests of various materials with a test machine and haveobtained good results. In this report, I will introduce the test result of the continuous operation conducted for about three months at paper
company A including comparison with other dewatering machines.

Sulfuric Acid Inline Diluting System- Various Application of the Sulfuric Acid for Cost Reduction, and Its Safety Dilution Kimiaki Seki
Research & Marketing Dept, IWAKI CO., LTD.

Sulfuric Acid, being used for additional ph adjustment of white water and adjusting ph in waster water application for a long time, is used forremoving secondary products in proceeding Elementary Chlorine Free and Total Chlorine Free, and used as a part of substitute of Aluminum
Sulfate for a cost saved assistant of sizing agent in Acid paper making and of reinforcing agent in neutral paper making. Aluminum Sulfate of
having a purpose of ph adjustment is easy to handle and very popular chemical, therefore it had been added roughly to pulp making application
but the cost is 2 or 3 times higher than 98% Sulfuric acid and it can be easily targeted for cost saving. Large cost saving will be made by
substituting a part of Aluminum Sulfate.
Batch treatment is widely used for diluting Sulfuric acid but it should be changed to deeply considered safety method for human andenvironment as the application becomes wider. In meaning of safety method, we hereunder introduce our in-line diluting system.
Feature of in-line diluting system is high productivity because of easily and quickly manufacturing of whatever concentration and volumes inwhenever needed. Moreover, storage tank is not required and space is saved, besides effect on human can be avoided.
Iwaki’s Sulfuric dilution system has a unique design coming from various features being provided by pump maker. In-line mixing of using
centrifugal pump was accomplished by using our own pump controller. Process time of the dilution becomes tremendously shorter andproductivity becomes greatly improved. As the generated temperature varies by the concentration of dilution, we provide the best diluting
method for each concentration for preventing the dilution from boiling and our using flexible tube absorbs heat expansion and contraction of
piping. At the mixing point, siphon prevention function is employed and secondary safety function of checking valve failure is also employed.
Besides, it also has a function of preventing convection caused by difference of specific gravity. For safety it has transparent plastic cover on
piping units for accidental chemical spouting. Regarding system protection, our system has an alarm output in case of detecting flow ratevariation (concentration change), upper temperature limit (for piping protection), upper and lower pressure limit (for piping protection) andabnormal works of motor driven valves (for piping protection). Also our system as a protection program of stopping whole equipment in case of
detecting a tripping of the pump inverter, thermal relay operation, wrong operation in manual operation and failure of sequence itself.
Since we do whole system controls of not only pump but also control devices and mixing unit by our experience of various kinds of diluting,
we are very proud of offering the one year warranty on whole equipment.

Operational Impact of DFLSTM Cooking at Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries
Randy Reimer
Digester Area Specialist Alberta-Pacific Forest Ind.
Kanji Ogiwara
Andritz K.K., Japan
This paper details the operational and economical impacts of upgrading from Cross- ﬂow Lo-SolidsR cooking process to DFLSTM cooking
technology to produce more than 2000 ADMT/D of Kraft Hardwood pulp. Beginning in November of 2000, Alberta Pacific has conducted
several short and long term trials to determine if DFLSTM could benefit the digester operation by reducing the top three root causes for lost
production in the digester area.
In the past, Alberta-Paciﬁc Forest Ind. has experienced unstable plug movement in the digester vessel. This instability has resulted indifficulties controlling digester level, blowline kappa excursions and blowline temperature fluctuations. The blowline temperature fluctuations
result in by passing of the atmospheric diffuser, which is a critical washing stage.
The resultant beneﬁts of DFLSTM mode of cooking throughout Brownstock, Bleach Plant and Chemical Recovery are also included in thispaper.

The Latest Developments in Camera Event Capturing Technology
Kari Hirudenn
Papertech inc.
Tsutomu Hoshino
Nippon U.S. Machinery Co., Ltd.
Paper breaks are an eﬃciency robbing reality on all types of paper machines and coaters. Reducing breaks has become more and more
important with the increasing speed and operating complexities of today’s paper and board machines.
Fully digital break recording technology, using the latest CCD cameras and digital image processing, is now oﬀering papermakers newopportunities to find and solve the many reasons causing breaks. These systems continuously monitor, in real-time, all of the critical locations
from the wet end to the dry end of the paper machine and coater. When a break occurs the system downloads the event into a permanentstorage, making it possible to fully analyze what took place just before and after the break. This allows the papermaker to take the necessary
corrective steps to prevent the break from occurring again.

Taking advantage of the latest technological advancements in digital image processing, these systems are now able to oﬀer high image
resolution, high reliability with minimal moving parts, and are able to provide automatic image analysis and alarming for holes, edge faults andsheet breaks.
These systems have now been proven on all types of paper machines, from the wet end to the dry end, ranging from slower board machines tothe worlds fastest machines producing LWC, fine paper, newsprint, tissue etc.
This paper discusses the latest available techniques in camera break recording technology, their applications, and the results that have beenachieved to date

Online Web Imaging Solution- MTS Concept and WIS (Web Imaging Solution) Atsushi Kodama
Paper & Web Solution Dept. Industrial Automation Systems Business Division,
Yokogawa Electric Corporation
This paper describes the features and merits given by Yokogawa WIS and WIS roles in the MTS (Machine Technology Solution). The system
configuration of WIS is simple and keeps higher performance regardless of increase of cameras. WIS is good to maintain and reduces
maintenance time and cost. Also WIS performs the automatic intensity control of light source and enables to extend a life span of light source.
WIS has easy operator interface (defect map) for human feeling to accept. WIS provides various formation images such as displaying areference beside of live formation, both sheet edge one. Regarding defects to be difficult to detect, WIS can detect water drops by transmission
and lower contrast defects such as wrinkles, weak spots by SDI (Subtle Defect Image) technology. We introduce the overview of the advanced
Auto Classifier which can classify automatically every kind of defect by applying neural network technology. Auto Classifier can create setting
values and attributes to be needed to classify defects. WIS is easy to expand system and able to interface with our MTS elements such as ABS,
MAS, QCS and so on.

Application of Composite Coating to The Rollers for Paper Manufacture- Roller which is Compatible in Durability and Less-dirt Keiji Nakai
Nomura Plating Co., Ltd.
By improvement in the speed of a paper manufacture machine, the increase in the used paper content in materials, etc., the dirt on the roller
for paper manufacture has also increased from the second half of the 1980s. The dirt on a roller caused increase of machine maintenance time,
and the bad influence to paper quality, and the roller which cannot become dirty easily has been desired. Therefore, application of fluoro-resin
coating roller started,and the appropriate effect was accepted. However, the low durability of the coating itself required the reproduction of thecoating in the short period.
We started the development of the durable ﬂuoro-resin coated roller to solve the problem, and development and released the composite
surface treatment (Tiger roll and Jaguar roll) of the chromium plating and the fluoro-resin which will be mentioned later in 1990. After that wehave been continuing the improvement of the resin itself and the design of composite surface with hard coating. And now in order for marked
improvement to be accepted by these improvements in the performance.

Simulation of ink removal at a newsprint deinking facility
Bill C. Strand and Joelle M. Scheldorf
Pacific Simulation, Inc.
This paper describes three new process modules developed to simulate the removal of ink from paper ﬁbers and to predict brightness. These
modules were used in the simulation of a newly constructed deink plant to predict brightness throughout the system. Model development andverification, as well as model application to the subject deink plant simulation, are detailed. The simulation was used to evaluate a disc thickener
and a dynamic washer based on brightness gain and overall cost.

A Cost-Effective Talc Solution to Stickies Control in OCC Pulps
Shingo Hayakawa
Nihon Mistron Co., Ltd.
Gary R Williams
Luzenac Asia Pte Ltd.

Landﬁll space limitations and rising disposal fees are creating opportunities for papermakers to increase recycled ﬁber usage. However, therecycled fibers rich with contaminants cause manufacturing difficulties when stickies cause deposits on papermaking equipment, thus
necessitating paper machine shutdowns for cleaning. Paperboard manufacturers that use OCC fibers spend a considerable amount of money on
cleaning chemicals to control contaminants.
This paper presents multiple case studies showing the eﬀectiveness of a newly developed talc product for stickies control involving
paperboard furnishes. A comparison with a chemical treatment is also included. The results demonstrate that the newly developed talc productprovided the most cost-effective solution to the depositable stickies from recycled OCC pulps.

Rod Metering State of the Art
Dirk Schepers
Horst Sprenger GmbH
Horst Sprenger is one of the well-experienced Rod manufacturers in the world and has highest market share in European paper mills. The
design concept is longer life, less trouble and excellent finishing of surface of paper and board.
The Rods and Beds are mainly applied for the following equipments: Auto Blade Symsizer (MESSO), Speed Sizer.Roll Flex (VOITH),
Filmpress.Vari-Bar.etc. (JAGENBERG).
Main applications: Sizing, Starch application, Pre-and top-coating for Board, Pigmenting, etc.
HS can supply both of plain surface rod and proﬁle rod. Due to hydrodynamic pressure principle, coating can be achieved.
As to proﬁle rods, coating weight can be varied by change of depth. All coating performances are of course depending on the following factors(Absorption, Colour solid content, Viscosity, Hardness of backing roll, Rod dia., Nip pressure).
HS can oﬀer the range of Rod dia. between 10 and 38mm. Plain Rods have generally chrome plating and HS also can oﬀer ceramic coatingRods for longer life.
The materials of Beds are mainly PE and PU. PU has more elasticity and PE is stronger abrasion property. The future tendency of Bed
material will be PE. Further, due to extrusion system, manufacturing cost of PE Bed will be reduced.
As to surface sizing, plain Rod is common use. For starch liquid application, plain Rod is not suitable. The proﬁle Rod should be used for thisapplication.
As to pigmenting, plain Rod with longer dia. is applied. The range of dia. will be between 20 and 38mm.
In order to minimize running cost, HS starts to supply "COMBI-SYSTEM". The advantage of this system is to minimize cost of Rod Beds.
The replace part is not complete Bed but only the part around Rod, which we call Rod Bed. We can expect to reduce the cost of Bed up to 50%
or at least 30%.

The Development of Defoamer for Kraft Pulping Process
Katsuomi Shimabayashi
Research & Development Dept., SAN NOPCO LIMITEDBlack liquor made in the kraft pulping process contains various surfactants derived from modiﬁed lignin. That means black liquor tends tomake foam so easily that the process is troubled with foam at any time. If amount of foam was broken out, the efficiency of brown stock washer
would decrease and the whiteness of pulp would be under the standard level. Furthermore, operation speed of brown stock washer would lower,
which means the efficiency of pulp manufacturing would decrease. Though the foam trouble can also be prevented mechanically, chemical
method using the defoamer is mainly adopted in the kraft pulping process. We present the characteristics of new silicone type defoamers, andtheir applications.

Maximum Elastic Stress for Squar Tubular Case of Corrugated Fibber board Box Shape under Uniform Compression (On Anisotropic Panel)
Satoru Matsushima
Guest Professor, Research Center of District Corporation, Ehime University
Shigeo Matsushima
Professor Emeritus, Ehime University

From elastic stress formulation obtained by previous paper, elastic stress analysis was performed for square Tubular case (CFBS: anisotropic
panel) of corrugated fibber board box shape (width L, height h) under uniform compression py0. Then maximum values (σxmax, σymax, τ
xymax) for normal stresses σx and σy to width and height directions and shear stress τxy were obtained by the formulation, andcharacteristic behaviour for σxmax, σymax and τxymax were discussed. And maximum principal stress σ1 and shear stress τ1 wereobtained and their maximum σ1max and τ1max were discussed.
σxmax is constant (νxypy0) for changes of Poisson's ratio νxy (eﬀect to x direction deformation for y direction deformation), L, h and x
and y direction elastic longitudinal elastic moduli Ex and Ey. σymax migrates from ranges of upper and lower edges to centers in upper andlower edges, and from their centers to panel plane centers with increases of L and h. τxymax migrates in narrow ranges about corners withincreases of L and h. σ1max migrates from corner vicinity to positions of distance h/8 from upper and lower edge center, and from theirpositions to panel plane center vicinity. τ1max migrates from corner to plane centers and next from plane centers to corners. σymax, σ1max
and τ1max increase and decrease slightly with L and h, and increase slightly with Ex and νxy increases and decrease slightly with Ey increase.
τxymax decreases and increases with L and h increases and increases with νxy and Ex increases, and decreases with Ey increase.
Keywords: Elastic Stress, Sqar Tubular Case, Corrugated Fiber Board Box Shape, Uniform Compression, Anisotropic Panel2004年10月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL October 2004
Vol.58 No.10 CONTETSThe Proposal to Association Activity：Aim at Base Strengthening of an Association

JAPAN TAPPI...(1)ENVIRONMENT
Troubleshooting Activated Sludge Problems

Rick Marshall and Hidesato Shimoto...(12)MC Series of Bacterium Products for Troubleshooting in Activated Sludge Processing

Hideomi Matsuoka and Takuji Yamamoto...(26)Continuous measurement of Biochemical Oxygen Demand by microbial BODs biosensor

Ryuzo Hayashi...(33)Introduction of Mitsubishi Di ―electric Droplet Scrubber for Sub―Micron Particle Removal

Morio Kagami...(38)

Biological Transporting Bed of Waste Water Processing System

Masayuki Ishikawa...(43)(Ryu Ryu Bio System)for Paper Mill
Paper Mill Wastewater Treatment by Moving Bed Bioﬁlm Reactor Using Sponge Media

Hiroshi Sakuma...(49)

New Wastewater Treatment System for Pulp and Paper Factory

Tsushi Nakano...(54)Application of Oxygen Activated Sludge Treatment(UNOX System) for Pulp and Paper Waste

Makoto Ueda...(61)Solvent Exhaust Gas Treatment Technology

Fujihiko Nakade...(67)

Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer(RTO)for VOC Destruction

Oshihiro Muramoto...(75)

Treatment and Utilization Technology of Coal Ash in Electric Power Industry

Hiromitsu Matsuda...(81)Topics & Information
A Report of theReports of2004(71st)Pulp and Paper Research Conference

2004

TAPPI PAPER SUMMIT

Wood Science Committee, JAPAN TAPPI...(95)
Hiroshi Ono...(120)Introduction of Research Laboratories(43)Research Institute of Innovative Technology for The Earth(RITE)Plant Research Group...(130)

Research Report
Improvement of Hardwood Pulp Yield in Continuous Kraft Cooking and Estimation of
PulpYields(PartⅡ)―A Mill Trial at a Continuous Digester―
Hiroshi Ohi, Tomoya Yokoyama, Keiichi Nakamata, Ryuichi Suzumi and Takeshi Sato...(134)

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(40)―Kitakami Mill, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited―Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited...(141)

Committee report...(03)

Essay on Intellectual Property...(132)

Coffee break...(133)

Papyrus...(147)

Industry News(Domestic and International)...(151)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI...(161)

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication...(163)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District...(176)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center...(177)

Other Monthly Statistics...(179)

News from the Committee...(181)2004年10月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN

TAPPI

October

2004

JOURNALVol. 58, No.10
Abstracts

The Proposal to Association Activity: Aim at Base Strengthening of an Association
JAPAN TAPPIIn 1994, a project team has submitted to the board of directors "The Guideline for the 21st Century: the report entitled "aiming at training of
the engineer who bears the next generation, and higher technology". Then, it has worked according to the recognized report. The proposal wasagain looked over by leading the Junior Steering Committee in 1998. As a result "The Guideline for the 21st Century: aiming at the further
development" was submitted anew. Henceforth, activity has been promoted that this proposal should be materialized. Since five years werepassed after that, while the Junior Steering Committee takes the lead and summarizes activity in the meantime again, in order to strengthen thebase of JATAN TAPPI, the report about a new action policy was submitted to the board of directors in June, 2004, and it was recognized.

Troubleshooting Activated Sludge Problems
Rick Marshall

Marshall Environmental Training & Consulting Group

Hidesato ShimotoNovozymes Biologicals Japan Ltd.
Operating treatment systems for the pulp and paper industry can be quite challenging considering that treatment regulations are getting
more stringent and mills are changing their operations. The mill operation changes have changed wastewater characteristics and the loadings topreviously successful operating plants. The result is that some existing treatment plants cannot consistently meet their effluent discharge
permit.
Success or failure in activated sludge systems depends on growing a biology that has good settling characteristics that will produce a quality
final effluent from the secondary clarifier. There are many problems that can occur in activated sludge systems such as poor settling andfoaming. This paper discusses these problems by listing possible symptoms for each problem, the potential causes and the methods available tocorrect or control the problem.

MC Series of Bacterium Products for Troubleshooting in Activated Sludge Processing
Hideomi Matsuoka and Takuji Yamamoto
Ichihara Laboratory, Seiko PMC Corporation
The extraordinarily large amount of the industrial water is used in the pulp and paper industry among major domestic industries. It isdischarged through the process in the secondary treatment such as bio-treatment process. Therefore, the wastewater treatment at the biotreatment processing in the pulp and paper industry is an important theme. Although bio-treatment processing is a popular method, manyfactories are facing problems at wastewater treatment with several factors, such as increase of load and process fluctuations. Moreover, since it
is assumed that the regulation for effluent standard becomes stricter due to consideration of environment issues, the demands for the
improvement on capability and stable operation for bio-treatment processing are increasing year-by-year.
In these circumstances, we have been applying products by the name of “MC Series” for Bioaugmentation. The Bioaugmentation is thepractice to add bacterial preparations which have high growth capability into the current bio-treatment process. The bacterial preparations in
MC Series have specific catabolic abilities which can degrade certain components in the wastewater. Bioaugmentation can enhance theperformance of an indigenous biomass to respond against process fluctuation.
In this article, it introduces the feature of MC Series, the results of ﬁeld tests and “MC + Chlorination processing” which is a new method offilamentous bulking treatment. These results indicate that the MC Series lineup meets the various requirements for industrial wastewater
treatment at pulp and paper industry. It is considered that it can contribute to the pulp and paper industry on the reduction for environmental
impact.
Keywords: Bioaugmentation

Continuous measurement of Biochemical Oxygen Demand by microbial BODs biosensor
Ryuzo Hayashi
Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd., Osaka Office
BODs biosensor, BF-2000, with immobilized microorganisms was developed for measuring the biochemical oxygen demand in industrial
wastewater. BF-2000 is able to use even microorganisms in active sludge other than Trichosporon sp.
Also BF-2000 is adopting antiseptic tubing to prevent blockage by microbial contamination. BF-2000 is able to equip wastewater
sampling/dilution system and data transmission systems to improve the performance. The result that measured various kind of wastewater byusing the BODs biosensor is shown.
Keywords: BOD, Biosensor, immobilization, microorganism, instrument, wastewater

Introduction of Mitsubishi Di-electric Droplet Scrubber for Sub-Micron ParticleRemoval
Morio Kagami

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Kobe Shipyard & Machinery Works

Machinery & Environment Plant Department
For oil ﬁred boiler plant, SO3 gas is cooled down forming very ﬁne mists through wet type ﬂue gas desulfurization system (wet-FGD).
Therefore, removal of SO3 mists is very poor at FGD absorber, which causes a long visible smoke from the stack. To overcome this problem,
installation of wet type electrostatic precipitator (wet-ESP) is the most suitable, however this system is not widely used due to the space
limitation or expense.
An advanced gas cleaning system has been developed, which incorporates the function of wet-ESP into wet-FGD. This paper introduces theprinciple of the new technology, along with the operational experience at the commercial scale plant. This system is called Mitsubishi Dielectric Droplet Scrubber (MDDS).

Biological Transporting Bed of Waste Water Processing System (Ryu Ryu Bio System) for Paper Mill
Masayuki Ishikawa
Environment Plant Division, HYMO CORPORATION
Waste water from paper mill is much quantity, but it is comparatively clean without SS. Requirement for environment management increases
recently, and regulation about waste water becomes severe. On the other hand, the quality of waste water from paper mill have taken a turn for
the worse due to request of paper recycle. And now paper mill become to have new waste water treatment in order to prevent water pollution.
We have developed for 8 years a simple waste water processing, that have Transporting Bed I called( Ryu Ryu Bio System). I will show thehistory and feature of Ryu Ryu Bio System.

Paper Mill Wastewater Treatment by Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor Using Sponge Media
Hiroshi Sakuma
Environmental R&D Dept., Water Environmental Technology Development Center
EBARA Corporation
The moving bed bioﬁlm reactor using sponge media has characteristics such as that can be operated with high load BOD and easy
maintenance. Pilot plant tests using this reactor were conducted for paper mill wastewater treatment. And so the performance of full scale
moving bed biofilm reactor using sponge media was investigated, modifying an existing paper mill wastewater treatment plant.
In the pilot plant test, S-COD was removed over 65% at COD volumetric loadings below 4kg/(m3･d), and S-BOD was removed over 90%
at BOD volumetric loadings below 3.5 kg/(m3･d). The moving bed bioﬁlm reactor using sponge media showed high performance of organic
removal. Furthermore this pilot plant effluent COD was removed about 80% by chemical precipitation test, conducted with the addition of
200mg/L as Al2(SO4)3･18H2O and 1mg/L as anion polymer at pH 6. These results show that soluble and particle organics is removed
effectively by combined process of moving bed biofilm reactor and chemical precipitation.

In the full scale moving bed bioﬁlm reactor, S-COD was removed over 70% at S-COD volumetric loadings below 2 kg/(m3･d), about 60%
at S-COD volumetric loadings of around 3 kg/(m3･d),and S-BOD was removed over 90% at S-COD volumetric loadings below 2.5 kg/(m3･d).
Performance of full scale plant was higher than designed value with 60% S-COD removal at S-COD volumetric loadings below 2.5 kg/(m3･d)
These results show that high organic load treatment is achieved with the moving bed bioﬁlm reactor using sponge media for paper millwastewater, and this reactor is effective for improvement of existing plant.
Keywords: Paper Mill Wastewater, Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor, Sponge Media, High Organic Load

New Wastewater Treatment System for Pulp and Paper Factory
Atsushi Nakano
Water Engineering Dept., Environmental System Div., Engineering & Environment Group
Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.
The wastewater treatment system applied to the pulp and paper factory is required to save space and to save cost of construction andoperation. In this paper 3 systems which suits the requirement are introduced.
1) BiobedR EGSB system is a high load anaerobic wastewater treatment technology using the granular biomass. This technology has meritshigh organic loading capacity, low power consumption, less sludge discharge, energy recovery from bio-gas.
2) Sumi-Sludge system is a space saving wastewater treatment system. Sumi-thickener - High rate coagulation and sedimentation system - iscombined to activated sludge treatment process.
3) The membrane bio reactor (MBR) system applies submerged membrane units inside of the aeration tank of activated treatment process. The
permeated water quality is very clear. This system is a high space saving wastewater treatment technology.
Keywords: wastewater treatment, anaerobic, EGSB, UASB, Coagulation and sedimentation, Membrane bio reactor, MBR, Submerged
membrane

Application of Oxygen Activated Sludge Treatment(UNOX System) for Pulp and Paper Waste
Makoto Ueda
Sales Department Environmental Business Headquarters
Showa Engineering Co., Ltd.
UNOX system has been used in various ﬁelds as its unique treatment process for years, and the number of installations reaches over 130
plants in sewage and industrial waste treatment in which 35 plants are for pulp and paper waste.
This process was developed in a leading chemical company in USA. In Japan, Showa Engineering, which took over Showa UNOX K.K, hasbeen marketing since introduction of UNOX technology, and has continously advanced UNOX system with lots of experiences; especially forcost-reduction of both construction and operation as well as for optimum design conditions.
Since UNOX system uses high purity oxygen gas as aeration gas instead of air, there are many advantages compared to a conventional
treatment process.
Thanks to customer’s highly evaluation for UNOX system, the large size treatment plants in pulp and paper waste have been mostly UNOX
system. Besides, the expansion is to the existing plant are similarly UNOX system. We are convinced that UNOX system is one of establishedwastewater treatment process on its treatment performance as well as economical process.
We, herein, have just made an evaluation of UNOX system based on the past achievements in pulp and paper wastewater.
Keywords: Usage of high purity oxygen, Energy-saving-plant

Solvent Exhaust Gas Treatment Technology
Fujihiko Nakade
AC Operations Department, Toyobo Co., Ltd.

With environmental problems attracting global attention, eﬀorts are being made in industry to protect the environment by acquiring
ISO14000 series certification and adopting industry-based control and improvement. Trends are growing in implementing Pollutant Release
and Transfer Register (PRTR) laws to protect the atmosphere, in enforcing ordinances for preserving the environment through penal
regulation (a first in Japan being implemented in Saitama Prefecture) and in including emission regulations for volatile organic compounds(VOC) thought to cause photochemical oxidants and suspended particulate matter in The Air Pollution Control Law in the Japanese Diet. This
calls for further cooperation among enterprises.
Since preserving the global environment is a top social priority, enterprises are expected to bear the cost of measures regarding substancesand low-concentration exhaust gas not yet included in emission regulations but expected to be monitored in future.
VOC (primarily high-concentration exhaust gas) are recovered or burned in attempts to save on equipment and run cost. In view of emission
regulations and the work environment, however, low-concentration, high-capacity exhaust gas must also be treated. Enterprises must thus bethoroughly knowledgeable about how such exhaust gas occurs to select effective, appropriate treatment.
This paper outlines the selection of VOC treatment based on gas occurrence and the purpose of treatment. It introduces principle andfeatures of exhaust gas treatment equipment. Representative equipment manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd. is given below.
K-ﬁlter solvent adsorption equipment involves ﬁxed-ﬂoor adsorption recovery using activated carbon ﬁber that enables recovered solvent tobe reused. Honey-rotor adsorption condensation equipment uses low-pressure-loss, high-performance adsorbent obtained by fabricatinghydrophobic zeolite or activated carbon in a honeycomb configuration, condensing high-capacity, low-concentration exhaust gas into lowcapacity, high-concentration gas and making after-treatment equipment compact and inexpensive. The treatment principle behind KMATROLL is to adsorb and condense exhaust gas by rotating a belt of adsorbent activated carbon fiber before catalytically oxidizing condensed
gas using compact exhaust gas treatment equipment, i.e., K-MATROLL. We recommend the above equipment for effectively treating exhaustgas case by case.
Keyword: volatile organic compounds, VOC, Air Pollution Control, K-filter
K-ﬁlter solvent adsorption equipment, hydrophobic zeolite,
Honey-rotor adsorption condensation equipment, K-MATROLL
Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RTO) For VOC Destruction
Toshihiro Muramoto
Air Pollution Control Dept, Environmental Equipment Div, CHUGAI RO Co., Ltd.
The Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RTO) is one of the most eﬃcient pollution control system available for the elimination of fumes, odors,
solvents and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from process exhaust air of ovens, coaters, dryers, chemical systems, and similar
processing equipment.
RTO is designed to burn VOCs at high temperature of 800℃ to 1000℃ while minimizing operation costs. To save fuel, RTO uses theregenerative principle in which equipped ceramic media (honeycomb type) are alternately heated and cooled.
Up to 99% of the polluting VOCs are converted to harmless substance such as water and carbon dioxide by thermal oxidization, while up to
98% of the waste energy is recovered and reused for the preheating process. This RTO system has come into wide use in Europe and America
since 1980’s to effective control VOCs, and recently has taken notice of the person in concern in Japan.
This paper explains brieﬂy about the RTO technology for VOCs destruction.

Treatment and Utilization Technology of Coal Ash in Electric Power Industry
Hiromitsu Matsuda
Sector, Fuel and Combustion Engineering, Energy Engineering Research Laboratory
Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
The amount of ash generating and its future prediction, and the actual condition of processing, disposal, and eﬀective use technology on coalash which are generated with an electric power industry are introduced. In the present condition, it is presumed that the amount of coal ashes
generating increases steadily, and amounts to 9 million t at 2010 age. Since a limitation is in the reclamation disposal ground and an expensive
waste processing expense is required when coal ashes are used for cement raw material, the valuable effective use technology should be
developed immediately. Although each electric power company is developing extensive use technology in civil engineering works or aconstruction field energetically, an actual result in field is not gotten yet. Therefore it is necessary to develop a valuable effective use technology
continuously from viewpoints, such as reliability, economical efficiency, and environmental protection.

Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry considers “control of the amount of coal ashes generating”, “quality improvement ofcoal ashes”, and “the advancement of coal ashes use technology” as a technical subject which increases the valuable rate of effective use of coalashes. The outline of research that we investigate for these subjects is introduced.
Keywords: coal ash, effective utilization technology, electric power industry, coal fired powerplant

Reports of 2004 TAPPI PAPER SUMMIT
Hiroshi Ono
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory of Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
2004 TAPPI PAPER SUMMIT took place in Atlanta, GA, USA during May 3-5 in 2004. Technical papers included 150 papers in the oralpresentations and 8 papers in the poster presentations. They dealt with the topics of innovation in paper making, environment, recycling,
product performance, people and infrastructure, manufacturing excellence, maintenance and reliability, and U.S. department of energy agenda
2020 R&D. In this report, innovation of filler, sizing, online sensor, and head box were reviewed.
Keywords: papermaking, innovation, recycling, environment

Improvement of Hardwood Pulp Yield in Continuous Kraft Cooking and Estimation of Pulp Yields (Part II)- A Mill Trial at A Continuous
Digester Hiroshi Ohi and Tomoya Yokoyama
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
Keiichi Nakamata
Hokuetsu Paper Mills, Ltd.
Guest scientist at the center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba
Ryuichi Suzumi and Takeshi Sato
Hokuetsu Paper Mills, Ltd.

The optimal conditions of isothermal cooking (ITC) for the improvement of pulp yields were applied to a mill trial using mixed hardwoods,
polysulfide (PS), anthraquinone (AQ) and a continuous digester. PS cooking liquor containing 70% of total alkali and AQ (0.02% on wood)
were charged into a chip-feeding circulation line, and then kraft cooking liquor containing 30% of total alkali was introduced into threecirculation lines, i.e., top-cooking, bottom-cooking, and washing, where temperature reached about 130-145°C. Results from laboratory cooksof the mixed hardwoods showed that a linear correlation existed between pulp yields and ratios of xylose to glucose (X/G ratios), liberated fromthe pulps by an acid hydrolysis. Pulp yields at a mill trial could be estimated by knowing X/G ratios of the mill pulps. It was indicated that the
PS-AQ ITC under the optimal conditions gave pulps with 0.235 X/G ratios at kappa number 18-19. It means that PS-AQ ITC shows about 7%
higher pulp yields than laboratory kraft cooking and at least about 1.4% yield increases compared with the kraft ITC.

Keywords: kraft cooking, isothermal cooking, polysulfide, anthraquinone, carbohydrate, pulpyield2004年11月

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Vol. 58, No. 11 CONTENTS

Topics & Information
Increasing Productivity by Investing New Technology PartⅡ

Takashi Akazawa…(1)―On Machine Calendering for On Machine Coater―
Solution for Dryer―part Deposit Oriented Spot Prevention in P & W Grades

Hitoshi Karakuni…(7)Resource Saving and Energy Saving of Paper Machine

Kazuo Aoshima…(16)―“Petax”for White Water Recycling Shower and“Robo Cleaner”for Canvas Cleaning―
Yield Estimation for COMPACT COOKINGTM and KOBODO MARI Pulps

Catrin Gustavsson and Ju Yan…(26)Development and Current Situation of Waste Treatment and Recycling Equipment

Yukio Tajiri…(32)Develop the Canvas Clean Roll

Toshio Kameyama…(37)―Canvas Cleaning Device―
Steam Turbine―Induction Motor, Dual Driven Air Compressor

Yasuo Fukushima…(43)Global Neutral／Alkaline Papermaking Overview

Dominic S. Renda and Yukio Kase…(47)―ASA sizes are highlighted―
A New Low Consistency Riﬁner Improved Fiber Properties While Reducing Idle
Energy by up to４０％ ―Andritz Papillon Reﬁner―
Gabl Helmuth, Gorton―Hulgerth A. and Yosuke Takeshita…(52)The Development of The New Insect Control Program

Mitsuru Sakai…(58)

Polyvinylalcohol Applied for The Ink Jet Silica Binder

Shusaku Mandai and Yoshiaki Hirai…(61)―Application of Crosslinkable PVA“Gohseﬁmer Z”―
The“Chlorine Dioxide Concept” ―A New Way of Supplying ClO２ for Your Bleaching Demand―Anders Dahl and Muneo Sakamoto…(69)
Reports of Pulpaper 2004 Conferences in Finland

Yasuto Tanaka, Makoto Iwasaki and Yusuke Uchida…(74)

Environment seminar
The Movement of the Environment Regulations and Green Procurement Survey

Kiyoto Furuta…(77)Standardizing Eﬀorts ―In Canon. Inc―
Correspondence to Waste Illegal Dumping（Insight into Wicked Dealers）

Masayoshi Ishiwata…(87)―Structual Factors and Counter Measures of Illegal Dumping and The Recycling Outlaw―
Research Report
Eﬀect of Notches on Micro Failures During Tensile Straining of Paper

Tatsuo Yamauchi…(105)Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(41)―Taiko Paper Mfg. Co., Ltd― Taiko Paper Mfg., Co., Ltd.

…(113)

Committee report…(03)

Coffee break…(104)

Papyrus…(122)

Industry News（Domestic and International）…(125)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(138)

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication…(140)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(150)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(151)

Other Monthly Statistics…(153)

News from the Association…(155)

2004年11月

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JOURNALVol. 58, No.11

2004

Abstracts

Increasing Productivity by Investing New Technology PartⅡ−On Machine Calendering for on Machine Coater−
Takashi Akazawa
Metso-SHI Co., Ltd.
There are references in operation for the production of ﬁlm-coated LWC HSWO grades, but rotogravure print quality has so far been
considered almost impossible to reach with the film technique due to the high smoothness requirements, especially at basis weights below 57
g/m2.
As opposed to conventional solutions, the focus is placed on improving base sheet uniformity further (i.e. low basis weight variation andevensidedness) by closing and smoothening the paper surfaces with reinforced precalendering prior to film coating, which is then followed bymultinip calendering to produce the desired final surface properties.
The all-online surface treatment process consists of reinforced precalendering, a compact coating process, and multinip ﬁnal calendering. To
reach the quality requirements placed on both LWC rotogravure and HSWO printing paper produced with film coating.
Solution for Dryer-part Deposit Oriented Spot Prevention in P&W Grades
Hitoshi Karakuni
Maintech Co., Ltd., Sales Engineering Dev.
Spot problems originate from deposition of pitch, stickies and latex in the dryer section is becoming a critical problem under high DIP
furnish, closed system and alkalization conditions. These spots lead to production and quality problems such as an increase of broke and joint
work. To date, only a few pitch control programs have been tried, high-pressure fabric (canvas) cleaning showers and double doctoring havebeen developed. However none of them have met with industry-wide acceptance.
Maintech has developed a spot prevention program, a total solution that passivates all surfaces in the dryer section where the deposition
could increase spots. The program starts with M/C survey and interview to M/C tender to investigate the spot generation process, then present
a proposal which installs equipment in the proper positions, uses the correct chemical where needed. The resulting surface passivation prevents
depositions on cylinder, fabric and calendar rolls and drastically reduces the number ofspots on paper. Mills can take considerable advantage ofthis program. Elimination of deposits in the dryer section reduces not only the number of joints in the finished rolls but also reduced tonnage
and down time for M/C cleaning. This paper reviews an investigative method of spot generation from dryer deposition. Case histories
illustrating gained benefits in printing grade M/C are presented.
Resource Saving and Energy Saving of Paper Machine- “Petax” for White Water Recycling Shower and “Robo Cleaner” for Canvas Cleaning Kazuo Aoshima
Technical & Engineering Dept., Aikawa Iron Works Co., Ltd.
Various approaches to resource saving and energy saving have been taken in papermaking industry. I will introduce hereunder the new
equipments contributes to solve problems in paper industry, specially the issues in paper machine. One is “Petax” enables the recycling of whitewater and another is canvas cleaning unit, “Robo Cleaner”.
Petax is the ﬁlter capable of ﬁltrating white water to the quality needed to high- pressure shower. Recently high-pressure paper machinecleaning shower uses large quantity of flesh water with speeding up of papermaking speed or enlargement of machine capacity, etc. But thewater is limited resource and the recycling is an important issue.
For waste paper, further promotion of utilization is emphasizing. Along with the increase of quantity consumed of waste paper, the stock
preparation unit is improved year by year to meet these requirements. On the other hand, in papermaking process, it is said that troubles causedby rise of utilization of wastepaper are increased. Contaminants such as paper powder and pitches attached in wire (former part), felt (presspart) and canvas (drier part) are part of the reason for these troubles. The units used to remove these contaminants are ROBO Cleaner.

Yield Estimation for COMPACT COOKINGTM and KOBUDOMARI Pulps
Catrin Gustavsson R&D Kvaerner Pulping AB Ju Yan
Projects Department Kvaerner Pulping KK
A method for determining the mill-cooking yield has been developed. A laboratory cook performed at the same temperature, hydroxide ion
and hydrogen sulphide ion concentration as in the mill is used to obtain the reference data needed for the calculation of the mill yield. The
assumption made is that at constant kappa number the cellulose

content in mill and laboratory pulp is same. Since the gravimetrical yield oflaboratory cooked pulp can be determined with ease, the mill yield can be calculated.
This method has been a useful tool when evaluating the yield increase when implementing COMPACT COOKINGTM or KOBUDOMARI
into the mill. It was observed that COMPACT COOKINGTM and KOBUDOMARI gave a yield increase of about 1% compared toconventional cooking when calculating the mill yield using this method.
Development and Current Situation of Waste Treatment and Recycling Equipment
Yukio Tajiri TAJIRI Corporation
We suggest our customers with most appropriate recycling system from our wide variety of recycling systems available to prevent global
warming and optimization in recycling process of natural resources.
We also are currently developing ecofriendly and energy saving recycling systems such as reconvastion of RPF/RDF, reutilization of wastes
as chemical products.
Develop the Canvas Clean Roll - Canvas Cleaning Device Toshio Kameyama
Aoki Machinery Ltd.
Under the circumstances of environmental pollution problems to be being
strictly restricted in world widely, the demand of recycle paper has been increased drastically in its volume as for paper production materials.
As proportionally as its usage of recycled paper has been increased, there are new problems in topic caused by latex-glue (so called Pitch)from them. Problem is that they are easy to stick to the fabrics in the operation and finally reduce total operation ratio by causing a lot of
troubles to keep clean paper production.
In order to protect these problems, several newly introduced methods have been applied, such as ①replace with ﬁner screen to be more ineﬀective in the process of preparation, ② newly application of chemical for releasing latex-glue for less sticking, ③newly installation of washingmethod for Canvas cleaning, ④spraying chemical onto surface of Canvas for protection its stein and ⑤mechanically make free some rolls fromtouching to the surface of fabrics for protection of pitch(latex-glue) accumulation.
Here with, please ﬁnd the newly development “Washing Method” based on the same technology of “Shower Roll” already introduced into themarket. This is the firstly innovated “Canvas Cleaning Roll” in the world as an extent of the technology of “Shower Roll” plus with additional
patented design to be more effectively working as a Washing Method for Canvas in the paper machine.
Steam Turbine-Induction Motor, Dual Driven Air Compressor
Yasuo Fukushima Nishinihon Machinery Department Shinsho Corporation
Energy saving method by converting the diﬀerence of steam pressure to otive power with steam turbine instead of using pressure reducing
valve promotes high efficiency, and introduction of such method has been increase in recent years.
Besides building a new plant from the beginning, it is a key to decide for what application the collected motive power at the existing plantutilized.
How to use the steam turbine as auxiliary motive power to compressors, which has high energy consumption rate, in general plant are
hereunder described.
Global Neutral/Alkaline Papermaking Overview -ASA sizes are highlightedDominic S. Renda
Principal Consultant, Advanced Technologies, Paper Services Division, Ondeo Nalco Company

isYukio Kase
District Manager, ONDEO Nalco Japan Co., Ltd.
Neutral/alkaline papermaking continues to develop and dominate many paper and paperboard market in the Americas and Europe. These
global experiences can provide the foundation for neutral/alkaline papermaking practices in the Asia-Pacific markets. Significant advances infunctional and process aid chemicals and their application technologies have supported this trend. Commercial neutral/alkaline papermaking
conversions using alkenyl succinic anhydride sizes (ASA) are highlighted.
A New Low Consistency Refiner Improved Fiber Properties While Reducing Idle Energy by up to 40% - Andritz Papillon Refiner Gabl Helmuth and Gorton-Hulgerth A.Andritz AG Yosuke Takeshita Andritz KK
Andritz AG has developed a new machine Papillon, which combines the advantage of the cylindrical reﬁning zone of the Hollander beaterwith the modern design requirements of continuous operation in small machine. It provides significant in fiber technology and reduction in noload energy.
The Development of the New Insect Control Program
Mitsuru Sakai
Research & Development Div. Earth Environmental Service Co., Ltd.
The various measures have been taken since before in a factory as the prevention of the breeding and extermination of the insect. However,there are few cases that developed the program of effective prevention of the breeding and extermination. The factory where has the programthat be able to explain to the outside a company is few. The cause is various, the structure of a factory, insect of knowledge insufficient,maintenance, analysis, communication, engagement person, and it is those complex. There can be more than one cause.
The procedure of the insect control program development is similar as crisis management program development. Even the knowledge of thespecialist of the academics is necessary to the plan of the measure. As for the enforcement of the improvement activity the plan is important.
The plan of the plan including the role share of the engagement person is important and to implement certainly. The communication that
included education was effective. The periodic validation of plan itself is necessary. Each of insect control measure has an effect and limit thatoriginate from each characteristic. The combination of several measures is effective. The development of the insect control program, that has
explain to the outside a company, is demanded.
Polyvinylalcohol Applied for The Ink Jet Silica Binder- Application of Crosslinkable PVA “Gohsefimer Z” Shusaku Mandai and Yoshiaki Hirai
Central Research Laboratory, Gohsenol Laboratory,
Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
Application of Gohseﬁmer Z (acetoacetyl group modiﬁed PVA) as silica pigment binder for the porous-type absorption layer of IJ media wasinvestigated. Applied with proper cross-linking agents, Gohsefimer Z exhibited excellent silica-binding strength, which can prevent silica
dusting even when small amount of PVA was used.
For example, the coating layer of IJ media combined of Gohseﬁmer Z and Zirconium compound or Adipic dihydrazide (ADH) showed larger
silica binding strength than that of other PVA. Moreover the viscosity of the coating mixture consisted of Gohsefimer Z and Zirconium
compound or ADH did not show abrupt increase. These results suggests that Gohsefimer Z based systems are promising as the binder for the
porous type IJ media.
The “Chlorine Dioxide Concept” - A New Way of Supplying ClO2 for Your Bleaching Demand Anders Dahl Eka Chemicals AB Muneo Sakamoto Nissan-Eka Chemicals Co., Ltd.
Eka Chemicals, the world’s largest maker of chlorate has introduced a new way of supplying chemicals and process know-how to its customers
in the pulp industry, the “Chlorine Dioxide Concept”. This concept adds value to our customers and they can focus on their core business,making pulp. Highly efficient processes like SVP-LITETM, SVP-HPTM, and HP-ATM and remote monitoring guarantees stable, cost effective
and safe supply of chlorine dioxide.

Reports of Pulpaper 2004 Conferences
Yasuto Tanaka
Technology Div. of OJI PAPER CO., LTD.
Makoto Iwasaki, Yosuke Uchida
Pulp & Paper Research Laboratory of OJI PAPER CO., LTD.
Pulpaper 2004 was held in Helsinki, Finland during June 1-3 in 2004. Pulpaper attracted about 20,000 visitors on a scale similar to SPCI innorth Europe. The technical sessions presented 48 oral reports and 26 posters under the themes of energy and Carbon management, coating,and Efficiency.
The movement of the environment regulations and Green Procurement Survey Standardizing Efforts- In Canon Inc. Kiyoto Furuta
Environment Management and Engineering Center, Global Environment Promotion Headquarters, Canon Inc.
Laws and regulations concerning environment are getting stricter and stricter these days all over the world. What the IT equipment
manufacturers have to pay attention to, in particular, is the use of chemical substances contained in parts and materials in order to comply withrelated laws and regulations.
From 2001, Japanese electrical and electronic equipment manufacturers have been discussing standardization of green procurement survey inorder to make own products more environmentally conscious ones. Electrical and electronic industries of U.S. and Europe also agreed on theconcept of standardization and the three parties are now moving toward the global standards of green procurement survey. Green procurement
surveys of parts and materials are essential for legal compliance of products and for selecting parts with low environmental burden. Sharing
such information among manufacturers greatly improves efficiency for product development, and it is also advantageous for suppliers because it
helps constructing database efficiently. This paper describes the activities toward the global standardization.

Correspondence to Waste Illegal Dumping (Insight into Wicked Dealers)- Structual Factors and Counter Measures of Illegal Dumping and The Recycling Outlaw Masayoshi Ishiwata Chiba Prefecture, Environment and Life Division, Industrial Waste Dept.
The actual condition of the waste illegal dumping is explained from the viewpoint of the dual structure of industrial waste treatment, theillegal dumping syndicate, the formation of an illegal dumping center of savings storage, the overflow of a middle processing institution, theraising funds of the last disposal place and the industrial waste connection evolved type .
In addition to thous, the actual condition of the recycling is explained of the problem of container packing recycling, 6-fold price of plastics,
the household- electric-appliances outlaw, and the automobile recycling law. And the correspondence to these is explained as “the illegal
dumping zero program (3x3 methods)” of administration.
Furthermore, the evaluation of the potential risks on the industrial waste treatment, the risky industrial waste disposal contractor, theinput-output analyzing method and the simple risk-assessment-method are explained.
Effect of Notches on Micro Failures During Tensile Straining of Paper
Tatsuo Yamauchi
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
Acoustic emission that occurred during the tensile straining of handsheets made from softwood or hardwood kraft pulp beaten to various
degrees was measured and analysed to investigate the effect of notch application and notch geometry on micro failures occurred during thetensile deforming and fracturing. Notch application causes a higher proportion of failure of fairly strong fiber bonds and fiber failure
throughout almost all of the tensile straining period irrespective of notch geometry. Furthermore, an increase in beating degree causes a higher
proportion of failure of fairly strong fiber bonds and fiber failure for both specimen with and without notch. Notch geometry little affects on the
micro failure occurrence mentioned above, while maximum tensile load per width and the period required for sheet breaking after maximum
load are affected by notch geometry.
Keywords: Acoustic emission, bond failure, fiber failure, notch, handsheets, tensile testing, Infrared thermography2004年12月

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2004

Vol. 58 No. 12 CONTENTS
Papermaking Technology I
Solutions for a Bright Future in Papermaking

Heikki Ilvespaa…(2)Retroﬁttin Consistency Proﬁling Systems to Existing Headboxes

Junichi Yano…(12)―Results from The First BTF Dilution Control System in Japan―
The Latest Headboxes for Board and Packaging

Grades Motoaki Sato…(21)SUCCESS FORMER and Its Application in Overseas
Theory and Practice for Formation

Masahito Mukai and Takashi Suzuki…(31)Hidehiko Yamazaki, Michael Odell and Pekka Pakarinen…(43)Latest Technology of Forming Section

Keiichi Fujiki…(56)―Bel Baie Former Upgrade with VentaShoe Technology―
Shoe Press Technology for The Dewatering of All Paper Grades
Remodeling Shoe Press of PM10

Takeshi Nonogaki…(63)Kenji Kurimoto…(72)

Quality Improvement by Remodeling The Headbox and The On―top former in PM７

Tomoki Kitamura …(76)Introduction of Research Laboratories(44)Wood Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of…(84)

Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
Research Report
Improvement of Hardwood Pulp Yield in Continuous Kraft Cooking and Estimation of Pulp
Yields (PartTomoya Yokoyama and Hiroshi Ohi…(88)Ⅲ）―Pulp Yields of Isothermal Cooking withKraft and Polysulﬁde Liquors as well as Anthraquinone―

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(42)…(98)―Yashio Mill, Rengo Co., Ltd.― Rengo Co., Ltd.
Committee report…(03)

Essay on Intellectual Property…(86)

Coffee break…(87)

Papyrus…(105)

Industry News（Domestic and International）…(109)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(120)

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication…(122)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(136)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(137)

Other Monthly Statistic…(139)

News from the Association…(141)

2004年12月

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2004

JOURNALVol. 58, No.12
Abstracts

Solutions for a Bright Future in Papermaking
Heikki Ilvespaa
Metso Paper, Inc.
In many old line industries investments have slowed down due to slow payoﬀs. This trend is turning much of traditional manufacturing into atechnological backwater. In a world where productivity and related investments are key, sluggish productivity improvements result in a vicious
cycle with little prospects for big returns. Only proactive productivity development, product quality improvements or new business approaches
will lead to long-term success in the paper industry.
In addition to the productivity challenge there is the anticipated threat of electronic media. But the worldwide per capita consumption of
paper is still increasing. It is predicted that worldwide paper consumption will continue to grow at 2%-4% annually.
The growing consumption of paper is driven by a thirst for knowledge, and so long as the cost of paper is competitive relative to competing
media, its versatility in terms of accessibility will secure it a strong market position long into the future.

Retrofittin Consistency Profiling Systems to Existing Headboxes-Results from the First BTF Dilution Control System in JapanJunichi Yano
Mechanical Designer Paper Machinery, Kawanoe Zoki Co., Ltd.
In July 2003, a BTF Central Distributor, with automatic dilution control, was installed on the existing Escher Wyss headbox on paper
machine No 3 at Marusumi Paper Co., Ltd. Kawanoe mill.
The goal of this project was to improve the CD basis weight proﬁle, to reduce the grade change time and to improve the sheet edge quality
for producing wider sheet.
All grades produced so far are running around 50% or better than the 2-sigmas that were previously (before BTF installation) achievable.
The grade changes are much faster and are now done within five minutes. The basis weight profile is no longer an issue during grade changes.
And the sheet edge quality was improved so that 30mm wider sheet can be produced.

The Latest Headboxes for Board and Packaging Grades
Motoaki Sato
Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
The one of the most important parameter for product quality in board and packaging (B&P) grade is still its strength basically. But new trend
in B&P grade is reduction of basis weight, and requirement in product is not only its strength but also the fineness of the surface quality, which
influence printability. Due to these tendencies, better quality and higher performance must be required for the headboxes for B&P gradecompared with those in the past. VOITH Paper had developed MasterJet headboxes, based on the well-known technology of the highturbulence W-type headbox and ModuleJet dilution control, to meet the higher demands from the paper industry. On the other hand, VOITH
Paper also considers economical solutions for the B&P grades.

SUCCESS FORMER and Its Application in Overseas
Masahito Mukai and Takashi Suzuki

Paper Machinery Engineering Dept., Kobayashi Engineering Works, Ltd.
The Pulp/Paper Industry is growing more intense in competition globally. Under the Present circumstances, “Success Former” is the very
effective machine to achieve the Purpose of improving both productivity and quality of paperboard. In this thesis, we would like to introduce thestructure and characteristic of it, also explain how it has been developed in such a high growth market like China.
“Success Former” is designed based on Kobayashi’s original ideas, to realize excellent formation and superior quality for Multi-layer
paperboard. We have many achievements for producing various kinds of paperboard in domestic and abroad markets. The most remarkable
point is “Success Former” has obtained a high evaluation in China of late. We have exported 2 complete units to China in recent 3 years. Bothof them had smooth start-up, which truly satisfied our customers with the high advantage to their investment. Here, we will introduce an
example.

Theory and Practice for Formation
Hidehiko Yamazaki
Metso-SHI Co., Ltd.
Michael Odell and Pekka Pakarinen
Mestp Paper, Inc., Jyvaskyla , FinlandThis paper is an overview of the theory and practice of improving formation. The aim is to provide background information for mill personnel
to understand the basic mechanism of formation improvement and how these mechanisms can be controlled in practice. The scope of the paper
is mostly related to paper grades and concerns all headbox and forming section types. There is a lot of relevance in this discussion also for board
grades although the emphasis is primarily on paper.
The principles of how formation is inﬂuenced by ﬁbre concentration, shear, turbulence, ﬂow elongation and drainage are explained. In thefurnish and stock preparation area the influences of fibre properties, refining, wet end chemistry and formation improving additives are
discussed. There is a section on formation measurement intended to brief the reader on what measuring methods are appropriate for different
uses and how new measuring methods can characterize the appearance of formation. Formation improvement cannot be considered in isolationfrom other paper properties so while formation is the main theme of this paper the consequences of formation tuning activities on other paper
properties are also described.
The emphasis on practical tuning in this paper is on how to optimize the headbox and former operation. There are sections in this paper
concerned with formation fault finding, systematic tuning procedures and strategies for routine formation control. A new formation tuning
technique based on measurement and control of Z direction formation profile is introduced in this paper.

Latest Technology of Forming Section- Bel Baie Former Upgrade with VentaShoe Technology Keiichi Fujiki
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Paper & Printing Machinery Division

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD. has developed a new technology that combines the best aspects of roll-blade and pure blade forming.
This new technology consists of replacing the initial forming zone with a grooved smaller radius blade design. Rework to a former and headbox
is minimal.
As in roll forming, the VentaShoeTM traps the jet more symmetrically with a positive angle to the wires that reduces the jet impingement
sensitivity. Reduction in jet impingement sensitivity provides easy operation without any defects such as spotting. The blade drainage section
provides the superior formation of a traditional blade former.
There are currently eleven papermachines utilizing this new technology in the ﬁeld. The ﬁrst started up in North America in 2001. All havebeen demonstrating many benefits in terms of paper qualities and papermachine operation.

Shoe Press Technology for the Dewatering of All Paper Grades

Takeshi Nonogaki
Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
The important technological and economic advantages have expanded the use of shoe press technology to dewatering of all paper products
from pulp and tissue. Whereas the development of NipcoFlex technology began in packaging paper machines 20 years ago, this technology cantoday be found in virtually all applications for the mechanical dewatering of the paper web in new and modernized production systems. The
portfolio offers an economic solution for increasing productivity and efficiency for any requirement, whether a rebuild or a new machine. The
advantages of shoe press technology are now also utilized in calendaring in the paper industry.

Remodeling Shoe Press of PM10
Kenji Kurimoto
Kasugai Mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
The PM10 at Kasugai Mill, Oji Paper, was started up in February 1991, and it has been produced wood-free paper and coated paper.
Chiefly, remodeling shoe press installed in the third nip was achieved continuous stability operation with design speed 1,300m/min in January
2002. In the past, there were problems of drier dryness ability shortage and production rate restriction due to insufficient pressed. The shoepress has brought a 4% to 8% increase in dryness compared to roll press. After remodeling, shoe press has been evaluated at high contribution
degree to improve both paper quality and productivity and have been considered to be indispensable equipment for quality improvement andincreased machine speed, and the production increase plan was achieved.
In this report, it reports around the outline of remodeling, the operation experience, and the eﬀect of the introduction.

Quality Improvement by Remodeling the Headbox and the On-top Former in PM7
Tomoki Kitamura
Niigata Mill, Hokuetsu Paper Co., Ltd.
Niigata mill PM7, which started up in 1990, produces A2/A3 coated paper with on-line coating. PM7 had quality subjects that had to getover and the reached conclusion was that the improvement of the base paper profile and formation were indispensable. Therefore, theremodeling of the headbox and the on-top former were carried out in 2001. The “SymFlo-D” was adopted for the headbox that controls the BD
profile by dilution. The wire section renewed to “Duo-D former” that achieves the remarkable formation improvement effect applying by thecounter blades. This report shows the overview of the equipment, the operation and the quality improvement by the remodeling.

Improvement of Hardwood Pulp Yield in Continuous Kraft
Cooking and Estimation of Pulp Yields (Part III)
-Pulp Yields of Isothermal Cooking with Kraft and Polysulﬁde Liquors as well as AnthraquinoneTomoya Yokoyama and Hiroshi Ohi
Graduate School of Life and Environment Sciences, University of Tsukuba
The pulp yield was improved by about 4.5-5% when polysulﬁde(PS) and anthraquinone (AQ) were added to the kraft cooking liquor (whiteliquor). The exchange of the black liquor with fresh white liquor further increased the yield. The highest pulp yield was obtained when the PS
cooking liquor containing 70% of total active alkali (AA) and 100% of AQ was used from the beginning of the reaction and the black liquor was
exchanged with fresh white liquor containing the residual 30% of AA just after temperature reached 135℃.
There was a good correlation between kraft pulp yields of a hardwood species and the ratios of the amount of xylose to glucose (X/G ratio),liberated by an acid hydrolysis of the pulps. However, the correlation was dependent on raw material wood species. Therefore, it is required inadvance to establish a correlation between the yields and X/G ratios for raw material wood species of a target pulp in order to estimate pulp
yield using X/G ratio. The X/G ratios of relatively high yield pulps showed higher values than those expected from the correlation.

In a mill trial, the superiority of the PS-AQ ITC process over the kraft ITC process was conﬁrmed by examining X/G ratio of pulps obtained.
The pulp yield in the PS-AQ ITC process was estimated at about 57.0%. This yield is very high, which indicates that reaction conditions of the
PS-AQ ITC process are optimal.
Keywords: kraft isothermal cooking, polysulfide, anthraquinone, carbohydrate, pulp yield, mill trial