Abstracts
The 19th Animal Science Congress (2022)
Meeting Abstracts

Animal Bioscience
Volume 35, Supplement 1

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies

Editorial Board
Editor-in-Chief

Co-Editor-in-Chief

Deputy Editor-in-Chief

Jong Kyu Ha (Korea)

Cheol-Heui Yun (Korea)

Beob Gyun Kim (Korea)

International Advisory Committee (January 2021~December 2023)
Bhattacharya TK (India)
Han JY (Korea)
Hsia LC (Taiwan)
Li Defa (China)
Manabe N (Japan)

Moran JB (Australia)
Mosenthin RA (Germany)
Ohh SJ (Korea)
Ravindran V (New Zealand)
Wiryawan Komang (Indonesia)

Associate Editors (January 2021~December 2023)
Baik MG (Korea)
Choy YH (Korea)
Ding XD (China)
Hirooka H (Japan)
Hur SJ (Korea)
Jo C (Korea)
Jun HS (Korea)
Ka HH (Korea)
Kil DY (Korea)
Kim BG (Korea)

Kim CH (Korea)
Kim SW (USA)
Kobayashi Y (Japan)
Kwak WS (Korea)
Lee JH (Korea)
Lee TT (Taiwan)
Li CB (China)
Oh SH (Korea)
Park TS (Korea)
Sarwar M (Pakistan)

Scollan N (UK)Song KD (Korea)
Takahashi J (Japan)
Uenoyama Y (Japan)
Wanapat M (Thailand)
Wang JK (China)
Yang TS (Taiwan)
Yang XJ (China)
Yun CH (Korea)

Editorial Board Members (January 2021~December 2023)
Attia Y (Saudi Arabia)

Ayasan T (Turkey)
Bosi P (Italy)
Chang MB (Korea)
Cherdthong A (Thailand)
Chin KB (Korea)
Davis J (Ireland)
Dutta N (India)
Guo YM (China)
Han KJ (USA)
Jayanegara A (Indonesia)
Jayasena DD (Sri Lanka)
Jin DI (Korea)
Kang SC (Cambodia)
Khan MI (Pakistan)
Kim JC (Thailand)
Kim YH (Korea)

Kim YY (Korea)
Kondo S (Japan)
Kurnianto E (Indonesia)
Lee CH (USA)
Lee CK (Korea)
Lee KW (Korea)
Lee SR (Korea)
Lee SS (Korea)
Li JY (Japan)
Liu JX (China)
Mezes M (Hungary)

Nagamine Y (Japan)
Nguyen QL (Vietnam)
Park BC (Korea)
Patra AK (India)
Piao XS (China)
Pimpa O (Thailand)

English Editor

Statistics Editor

Le Jambre Leo (Australia)

Seo Seongwon (Korea)

Managing Editor

Manuscript Editor

Ann Hye J (Korea)

Pyun Kyong S (Korea)

Copyright © 2022 Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies

Rafat SA (Iran)

Roh SG (Japan)
Sazili AQ (Malaysia)
Schreurs NM (New Zealand)
Sevilla CC (Philippines)
Smith SB (USA)Wang Y (Canada)
Yin JD (China)
Yin YL (China)
Yu P (Canada)
Zabek KM (Poland)
Zhang J (USA)Zhao S (China)
Zhu WY (China)

August 23 (Tue) - 26 (Fri) 2022

International Convention Center Jeju (ICC JEJU)CONTENTSAAAP Committee
AAAP Academic Committee
AAAP Program
AAAP Venue Information
AAAP Overview
August 23
Plenary Session (PS1 - PS4)
August 24
Plenary Session (PS5 - PS6)
Invited Session (IS1 - IS6)
Oral Presentation (OP1 - OP12)
Poster Presentation (PP1 - PP11)
August 25
Plenary Session (PS7 - PS8)
Invited Session (IS7 - IS12)
Oral Presentation (OP13 - OP24)
Poster Presentation (PP1 - PP11)
August 26
Student Competition (SC1 - SC4)
Young Scientist Competition (YC1 - YC4)
Lunch & Satellite Symposium
Author Index		

2
4
5
9
11
21
33
39
55
137
493
499
515
595
957
981
1003
1027

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

AAAP Committee
President

Vice-President

Yoo Yong Kim

Beomyoung Park

Seoul National University

General Chair

Sejong Oh

Chonnam National University

National Institute of Animal Science

Secretary General

Jun Heon Lee

Chungnam National University

General Affair

Youn Chul Ryu

Jeju National University

Organizing Committee Chairs

Hakhyun Ka

Yonsei University
Program Committee Chair

2l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Dong Yong Kil

Chung-Ang University
Program Committee Deputy Chair

Lorenzo Lee

Easy Holdings, Inc.
Events Committee Chair

Inho Hwang

Jeonbuk National University
Publications Committee Chair

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Chungnam National University

Jun Heon Lee

Seoul National University

Cheorun Jo

Kyung-Woo Lee
Konkuk University

Jeju Pig Farmers Cooperative

International Relations Committee Chair

Academic Relations Chair

Public Relations Committee Chair

Local Committee Chair

Chul Ju Yang

Sunchon National University
Awards Committee Chair

Eun Joong Kim

Kyungpook National University
Protocol Committee Chair

Gweon Jin Ko

In Ho Kim

Dankook University
Collaborations Committee Chair				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

3

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

AAAP Academic Committee
Chairman of the Academic Committee

Hakhyun Ka

Yonsei University

Deputy Chairman of the Academic Committee

Dong Yong Kil

Chung-Ang University

Ruminant Nutrition

Minseok Kim

Chonnam National University

Jakyeom Seo

Pusan National University

Minho Song

Chungnam National University

Jung Min Heo

Chungnam National University

Changsu Kong

Kyungpook National University

Seunghwan Lee

Chungnam National University

Jun-Mo Kim

Chung-Ang University

Minjung Yoon

Kyungpook National University

Youngsok Choi

Konkuk University

Younghoon Kim

Seoul National University

Sun Jin Hur

Chung-Ang University

Ji-Youn Jung

Kongju National University

Myunghoo Kim

Pusan National University

Hyun Sik Jun

Korea University

Joon-Hee Lee

Gyeongsang National University

Kyu-Hyun Park

Kangwon National University

Sang-Kee Kang

Seoul National University

Animal Behavior and Welfare

Jinhyeon Yun

Chonnam National University

Animal Microbiology

Younghoon Kim

Seoul National University

Eun Bae Kim

Kangwon National University

Sam Churl Kim

Gyeongsang National University

Non-ruminant Nutrition

Animal Breeding and Genetics
Animal Reproduction and Physiology
Animal ProductAnimal Health
Animal Biotechnology
Animal Environment and Management

Forage Science and Feed Technology

4l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

AAAP Program
August 23 (Tuesday)
8:30
9:00

08:30~18:00
Foyer (3F)
Registration

9:30
10:00
10:30
11:00
11:30

10:00~12:00
Tamna A (5F)
Opening Ceremony & Keynote Speech

12:00

12:00~13:00
Tamna BC (5F)
Lunch

12:30
13:00
13:30
14:00
14:30

13:00~14:40
Tamna A (5F)
[PS1]
Animal Production Division
Refreshment

15:00
15:30
16:00
16:30
17:00
17:30
18:00

13:00~14:40
Halla (3F)
[PS2]Animal Biotechnology Division

15:00~16:40
Tamna A (5F)
[PS3]Animal Production Division

15:00~16:40
Halla (3F)[PS4]Animal Biotechnology Division

16:40~18:40
Rm.402[SS1]
Cargill Agri Purina

18:30
19:00
19:30
20:00

18:40~20:30
Woojung hall (B2), Booyoung Hotel & Resort Jeju
Welcome Reception				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

5

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

August 24 (Wednesday)
8:30
9:00

08:30~10:10
Tamna A (5F)[PS5]Animal Production Division

9:30
10:00
10:30
11:00
11:30
12:00
12:30
13:00
13:30
14:00

Refreshment
10:30~12:00
Halla (3F)
[OP1]
Non-ruminant
Nutrition 1

10:30~12:00
Samda A (3F)[OP2]
Ruminant Nutrition 1

15:30
16:00

17:30

10:30~12:00
Rm. 401[OP5]
AnimalMicrobiology 1

10:30~12:00
Rm. 402[OP6]
Animal Breedingand Genetics 1

12:00~13:00
Rm. 201[LS2]
Illumina

Refreshment
14:40~16:10
Halla (3F)
[IS1]
Ruminant
Nutrition

14:40~16:10
14:40~16:10
Samda A (3F)
Samda B (3F)
[IS2]
[IS3]
Swine Nutrition Animal Product

14:40~16:10
Rm. 303[IS4]
AnimalManagement

14:40~16:10
Rm. 401[IS5]
AnimalReproduction

14:40~16:10
Rm. 402[IS6]
AnimalBiotechnology

Refreshment
16:30~18:00
Halla (3F)[OP7]
Non-ruminant
Nutrition 2

18:00

6

10:30~12:00
Rm. 303[OP4]
Animal Reproduction
and Physiology 1

12:00~14:20
Rm. 301[LS1]
JAST Publication
Ethics Forum

13:00~14:20
Foyer (3F)[PP]
Poster Presentation(Even Number)

16:30
17:00

10:30~12:00
Samda B (3F)[OP3]Animal Product 1

12:00~13:00
Tamna BC (5F)
Lunch

14:30
15:00

08:30~10:10
Halla (3F)[PS6]Animal Biotechnology Divisionl Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

16:30~18:00
Samda A (3F)[OP8]
Ruminant
Nutrition 2

16:30~18:00
Samda B (3F)[OP9]Animal Health 1

16:30~18:00
Rm. 303[OP10]
AnimalReproduction
and Physiology 2

16:30~18:00
Rm. 401[OP11]
AnimalBiotechnology 1

16:30~18:00
Rm. 402[OP12]
Animal Breedingand Genetics 2

14:30~18:00
Rm. 202[SS2]
CJ

15:30~18:00
Rm. 301
AnimalBioscience
Editorial
MeetingThe 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

August 25 (Thursday)
8:30
9:00

08:30~10:10
Tamna A (5F)
[PS7]Animal Production Division

9:30
10:00
10:30
11:00
11:30
12:00
12:30
13:00
13:30
14:00

Refreshment
10:30~12:00
Halla (3F)
[OP13]
Non-ruminant
Nutrition 3

15:30
16:00

10:30~12:00
Samda A (3F)
[OP14]
Ruminant
Nutrition 3

12:00~13:00
Tamna BC (5F)Lunch
13:00~14:20
Foyer (3F)[PP]
Poster Presentation(Odd Number)

14:30
15:00

17:30
18:00

10:30~12:00
Samda B (3F)
[OP15]
Animal Product 2

12:00~14:20
Samda A (3F)[LS3]Emerging Researchesof Animal Scienceand Biotechnology 1

10:30~12:00
Rm. 303[OP16]
Animal Reproduction
and Physiology 3

12:00~14:20
Samda B (3F)[LS4]Emerging Researchesof Animal Science andBiotechnology 2

10:30~12:00
Rm. 401[OP17]
AnimalMicrobiology 2

12:00~14:20
Rm. 201[LS5]
Hanwoo Symposium

Refreshment
14:40~16:10
Halla (3F)
[IS7]
Poultry
Nutrition

14:40~16:10
Samda A (3F)[IS8]AnimalBehavior andWelfare14:40~16:10
Samda B (3F)[IS9]Forage Science

14:40~16:10
Rm. 303[IS10]
AnimalGenetics

14:40~16:10
Rm. 401[IS11]
AnimalHealth14:40~16:10
Rm. 402[IS12]
AnimalMicrobiology

16:30~18:00
Rm. 401[OP23]
AnimalBiotechnology
2

16:30~18:00
Rm. 402[OP24]
AnimalEnvironment andManagement

Refreshment

16:30
17:00

08:30~10:10
Halla (3F)
[PS8]Animal Biotechnology Division

16:30~18:00
Halla (3F)
[OP19]
Non-ruminant
Nutrition 4

16:30~18:00
Samda A (3F)
[OP20]
Ruminant
Nutrition 4

16:30~18:00
Samda B (3F)
[OP21]
AnimalHealth 2

16:30~18:00
Rm. 303[OP22]
AnimalBehavior
and Welfare

14:40~16:55
Rm. 201
AnimalBioscience
Forum 2022

15:00~18:00
Rm. 202
Jeju
Eco-Friendly
Livestock
Symposium(In Korean)

10:30~12:00
Rm. 402[OP18]
Animal Breedingand Genetics 3

12:40~15:00
Rm. 202[LS6]
Handon(Korean Pork)
Symposium

15:30~18:00
Rm. 301
Council
Meeting

18:30
19:00
19:30
20:00

18:30~20:30
Tamna BC (5F)
Gala Dinner

20:30

				

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

7

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

August 26 (Friday)
8:30
9:00
9:30
10:00

08:30~10:10
Samda A (3F)[SC1]Animal
Production Division

11:30
12:00

08:30~10:10
Rm. 401[YC1]
AnimalBiotechnology Division

10:30~12:10
Samda A (3F)[SC3]Animal
Production Division

10:30~12:10
Samda B (3F)[SC4]AnimalBiotechnology Division

10:30~12:10
Rm. 401[YC3]
AnimalBiotechnology Division

12:30

10:30~12:10
Rm. 402[YC4]
Animal
Production Division

12:30~13:00
Halla (3F) Closing & Awarding Ceremony

13:00
13:30

13:00~15:00
Halla (3F)The Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology

14:00
14:30
15:00

Session Code[PS] : Plenary Session[IS] : Invited Session[OP] : Oral Presentation[PP] : Poster Presentation[SS] : Satellite Symposium[LS] : Lunch Symposium[SC] : Student Competition[YC] : Young Scientist Competition

8

08:30~10:10
Rm.402[YC2]Animal
Production Division

Refreshment

10:30
11:00

08:30~10:10
Samda B (3F)[SC2]AnimalBiotechnology Divisionl Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

09:00~12:10
Rm. 303
The Korean Society ofAnimal Breeding and Genetics

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

AAAP Venue Information
4. 행사장 사용계획Ⅰ. 개 요

2F

Rm. 201202

 (Aug. 24~25) Lunch Symposium (Aug. 25) Other Meetings (Aug. 24) Satellite Symposium (Aug. 25) Lunch Symposium (Aug. 25) Other Meetings

4. 행사장 사용계획3F

Rm. 301
 (Aug. 24) Lunch Symposium (Aug. 24~25) Other Meetings

Foyer

301

 Poster Presentation

Rm. 302

1 Rm. 300

Rm. 304

 VIP Room

 Preview Room

 Prayer Room

302

303

300

Rm. 303
 (Aug. 24~25) Oral Presentation
 (Aug. 24~25) Invited Session
 (Aug. 26) Other Meetings

Ⅰ. 개 요

Main Floor

304

Business Center Secretariat Office

Samda Hall A / B

Halla Hall

Samda HallAB

 (Aug. 24~25) Oral Presentation
 (Aug. 24~25) Invited Session
 (Aug. 25) Lunch Symposium (Aug. 26) Student Competition

Halla Hall
 (Aug. 23~25) Plenary Session
 (Aug. 24~25) Oral Presentation
 (Aug. 24~25) Invited Session
 (Aug. 26) Closing & Awarding Ceremony
 (Aug. 26) Other Meetings

ENTRANCE
Foyer

Foyer

 Registration

 Refreshment

Foyer
 Exhibition

2

				

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

9Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

4. 행사장 사용계획Ⅰ. 개 요

4F

Rm. 401

Rm. 402

 (Aug. 24~25) Oral Presentation
 (Aug. 24~25) Invited Session
 (Aug. 26) Young Scientist Competition

 (Aug. 23) Satellite Symposium (Aug. 24~25) Oral Presentation
 (Aug. 24~25) Invited Session
 (Aug. 26) Young Scientist Competition

4. 행사장 사용계획Ⅰ. 개 요

5F

3Tamna Hall

Tamna Hall BC

Tamna Hall A

 (Aug. 23~25) Lunch
 (Aug. 25) Gala Dinner (Aug. 23) Opening Ceremony & Keynote Speech (Aug. 23~25) Plenary Session

410

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

AAAP Overview
Title

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Assiciation of Animal Production) Animal Science Congress

Date

August 23 (Tue.) ~ 26 (Fri.), 2022 (4 days)

Venue

International Convention Center Jeju (ICC JEJU)

ThemeAnimal Production for Human & Nature

Hosted by

The Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies, KSAST
Diamond
A The Cargill organizational brand
A-8

Platinum

Cargill Agri Purina, Inc.

PMS 348

A-4

A-5

A-6

A-7

A-9
Cargill Agri Purina, Inc.

A-2
A-10

Gold

Sponsoredby

A-3

SilverBronze서울대학교 김유용 교수제주양돈축협수출육가공공장
농협

Donor

서울대학교 축산과학기술연구소, 건국대학교 김법균 교수

Academic

Participants

Above 1,200 participants(domestic/overseas societies, government, research institutes, production societies and students, etc)

Homepage

www.aaap2022.org

Program

Official∙Social Program

Scientific Program

Exhibition• VIP Dinner• Opening Ceremony & Keynote Speech• Welcome Reception• Gala Dinner• Closing & Awarding Ceremony• Plenary Session• Invited Session• Oral / Poster Presentation• Other Meetings• Lunch & Satellite Symposium• Student Competition• Young Scientist Competition• Exhibition

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

11

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Official & Social Programs
Opening Ceremony & Keynote Speech

All registered participants are warmly invited to join and celebrate the official opening ceremony, including
AAAP award ceremony & Keynote Speech at Tamna Hall A on the 5th.
Date & Time: August 23 (Tue) 10:00~12:00
Location: Tamna Hall A, 5F

Welcome Reception

All registered participants are invited to attend the Welcome Reception which will take place at Woojung
Hall, B2, Booyoung Hotel & Resort Jeju. It will be an excellent opportunity to network and socialize withother participants, while enjoying a varied international buffet and beverages.
Date & Time: August 23 (Tue) 18:40~20:30
Location: Woojung Hall, B2, Booyoung Hotel & Resort Jeju

Gala Dinner

All participants are able to participate in the Gala Dinner which will take place at Tamna Hall BC on the 5th
floor, ICC JEJU. You can taste a variety of buffet dishes with an entertaining Korean traditional performance.
Also, there will be Woogene B&G Award and AB Award ceremony.
Date & Time: August 25 (Thu) 18:30~20:30
Location: Tamna Hall BC, 5F

Closing & Awarding Ceremony

All participants are cordially invited to join the Closing & Awarding Ceremony to celebrate the success of thecongress and to cherish the memories from the AAAP 2022. There will be Young Scientist Awards and lucky draw.
Date & Time: August 26 (Fri) 12:30~13:00
Location: Halla Hall, 3F

Lunch

The registration fee for general participants, students, and accompanying person includes lunches for 3 days.
Date & Time: August 23 (Tue) ~ August 25(Thu) 12:00~13:00
Location: Tamna Hall BC, 5F

Refreshment

Coffee, tea, and refreshments for morning time and water, some beverages for afternoon time will be served
to all participants on the 3rd floor foyer for three days.
Date & Time: August 23 (Tue) ~ August 25(Thu), Morning break time
Location: Foyer, 3F

12l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Presentation Guidelines
Preview Room

Location: Room 300, 3F
Open Hours: August 23 (Tue) ~ August 25 (Thu) 08:00~18:00, August 26 (Fri) 08:00~13:00
Please visit the preview room and submit your presentation material at least 2 hours prior to your session.
You can also modify your presentation file at the preview room. Come and get accustomed to using theequipment we have for you at the congress. You are recommended NOT to use your own computer for yourpresentation. If you have to use Apple Mac with our beam projector, we request you bring your Mac genderchanger and go straight to the session room to test your Mac at least 2 hours before.

Presentation Schedule
Date

SessionPS1 ~ PS4
PS5 ~ PS6, OP1 ~ OP12, IS1 ~ IS6
PS7 ~ PS8, OP13 ~ OP24, IS7 ~ IS12

August 23 (Tue)August 24 (Wed)August 25 (Thu)• PS : Plenary Session• OP : Oral Presentation• IS : Invited Session[Time allocated for Presentation]
Oral Presentation
Student & Young Scientist Competition
Invited Speaker Presentation
Plenary Speaker Presentation

Total of 15 minutes (12 mins. for presentation and 3 mins. for Q&A)
Total of 20 minutes (15 mins for presentation and 5 min. for Q&A)
Total of 45 minutes (35 mins. for presentation and 10 mins. for Q&A)
Total of 50 minutes (40 mins. for presentation and 10 mins. for Q&A)

Poster Presentation
Abstract ID

Mounting

Even Number(e.g., PP1-2)
Odd Number(e.g., PP1-1)

Aug. 24 (Wed)08:00 ~ 12:00
Aug. 25 (Thu)
08:00 ~ 12:00

Presentation(Standing at the poster)Aug. 24 (Wed)13:00 ~ 14:00
Aug. 25 (Thu)
13:00 ~ 14:00

RemovalAug. 24 (Wed)16:00 ~ 18:00
Aug. 25 (Thu)
16:00 ~ 18:00

Posters will be displayed at the foyer of ICC JEJU (3F). The secretariat will not be held
liable for any lost or damaged posters. All poster presenters are encouraged to be attheir poster panels for discussion with participants during presentation time.
[Poster Board Information]
The poster-board surface for each poster will be 250cm high by 95cm wide. Posters
prepared by presenters should be maximum of 125cm height and 90cm width for
comfortable angle for viewers. Poster board is covered with nonwoven green fabricmaterial. Scotch tape, pins and scissors will be prepared in poster session area forpresenters to attach their posters.

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Exhibition
Exhibition Overview

Location: Foyer, 3F
Open Hours: August 23 (Tue) ~ August 25 (Thu) 08:30~18:00 / August 26 (Fri) 08:30~12:00

No
1
2
3
4
5
6

14

Exhibitor
CJ CheilJedang & CJ F&C
FarmscoSunJinJeil Feed
Eunjin Bio
Breeders of Denmarkl Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

No
7
8
9
10
11

Exhibitor
Kemin
APM Engineering
Animal Bioscience & Journal of Animal Science and Technology
AAAP Animal Science Congress 2024 - Melbourne, Australia
Tropical Animal Science Journal

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Useful Information
Registration

All participants are required to check-in at the registration desk. Please visit the registration desk to receive
your name badge and the congress kit. It is strongly recommended that you wear your name badge to gain
entry to all official programs.
Open Hours & Location: August 22 (Mon) 15:00~20:00, Near the Front Desk, Booyoung Hotel & Resort Jeju
August 23 (Tue) ~ August 25 (Thu) 08:00~18:00, Foyer, 3F, ICC JEJU
August 26 (Fri) 08:00~13:00, Foyer, 3F, ICC JEJU

Secretariat Office

Location: Business Center, 3F, ICC JEJU

Access to/from ICC JEJU from/to Jeju International Airport

Taking a limousine bus is one of the most convenient and cost effective way to get to ICC JEJU from the airport.
Airport Limousine Bus (No. 600)
Place: Limousine bus stop at the gate 5
Fare: KRW 4,500 (T-Money Card is available)
Departure
Jeju Int'l Airport
6:00
6:20
6:40
7:00
7:20
7:40
8:00
8:20
8:40
9:00
9:20
9:40
10:00
10:20
10:40
11:00
11:20
11:40
12:00
12:20
12:40
13:00
13:20
13:40
14:00

ArrivalICC JEJU
7:06
7:26
7:46
8:06
8:26
8:46
9:06
9:26
9:46
10:06
10:26
10:46
11:06
11:26
11:46
12:06
12:26
12:46
13:06
13:26
13:46
14:06
14:26
14:46
15:06

Departure
Jeju Int'l Airport
14:20
14:40
15:00
15:20
15:40
16:00
16:20
16:40
17:00
17:20
17:38
17:56
18:14
18:32
18:50
19:09
19:28
19:50
20:12
20:34
20:59
21:23
21:50
22:20
22:50

ArrivalICC JEJU
15:26
15:46
16:06
16:26
16:46
17:06
17:26
17:46
18:06
18:26
18:44
19:02
19:20
19:38
19:56
20:15
20:34
20:48
21:10
21:32
21:57
22:21
22:45
23:15
23:45

Departure
ICC JEJU
6:35
6:58
7:22
7:46
8:16
8:36
8:55
9:15
9:34
9:54
10:13
10:33
10:52
11:12
11:31
11:51
12:10
12:30
12:49
13:09
13:28
13:48
14:07
14:27
14:46

ArrivalJeju Int'l Airport
7:38
8:01
8:25
8:55
9:25
9:45
10:04
10:24
10:43
11:03
11:22
11:42
12:01
12:21
12:40
13:00
13:19
13:39
13:58
14:18
14:37
14:57
15:16
15:36
15:55

Departure
ICC JEJU
15:06
15:25
15:45
16:04
16:24
16:43
17:03
17:22
17:42
18:01
18:21
18:40
19:00
19:19
19:39
19:58
20:14
20:30
20:46
21:02
21:18
21:34
21:48
22:02
22:16

ArrivalJeju Int'l Airport
16:15
16:34
16:54
17:13
17:33
17:52
18:12
18:31
18:51
19:10
19:30
19:49
20:09
20:28
20:48
21:07
21:23
21:39
21:55
22:11
22:27
22:43
22:57
23:11
23:25

Taxi: Individual Taxi Service Association (+82-64-744-2793)
Call taxi operators (+82-64-727-1111)

				

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

15

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

COVID-19 Travel Checklist

Countries around the world are applying entry restrictions on overseas travelers due to COVID-19.
Please visit the website of the relevant embassy or contact your airline's customer service center for details
and guidance on entry restrictions and requirements, such as certificates, vaccination, and self-quarantine.
Please be aware that countries may suddenly change their entry restrictions without prior notice, so makesure to stay updated before your departure. (https://www.airport.kr/ap_cnt/en/svc/covid19/checkin/checkin.do)
Incheon Airport COVID-19 Testing CenterIf you are taking the departure flight from Incheon Int’l Airport, we highly recommend you to visit the
Incheon Airport COVID-19 Testing Center. The airport testing centers are located in both Terminal 1 andTerminal 2. The operation hours are 7.00 – 18.00 every day with a break between 12.00-13.00. Aftertaking the test, you will get notification via SMS or e-mail and please visit testing center again to get yourcertificate.
* Test Cost for Departure: (PCR test) Weekdays KRW 104,000, Weekends(or 07.00~09.00) KRW 110,000(Antigen test) Weekdays KRW 69,000 / Weekends(or 07.00~09.00) KRW 75,000
COVID-19 Testing Medical Institution in Jeju Island for Departure> (As of August 1)(Near Jeju International Airport)
1) Jeju Airport COVID19 Testing Center For foreigners (KOR: 제주공항 외국인 코로나19 검사센터)Location: 2, Gonghang-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju-do, 63115 (Near Bus Parking Lot, Jeju International Airport)
Tel.: +82-1533-1500
Open Hours: All year around 07:00~20:00
Test Results: In 4~6 hours
Test Cost: KRW 65,000 including English Medical Certificate (100% Personal Expense)*Test cost is subject to change.
2) Jeju National University Hospital (KOR: 제주대학교병원 선별진료소)Location: 15, Aran 13-gil, Jeju-si, Jeju-do, 63241 (25 min. from Jeju Airport by car)Tel.: +82-64-717-1661
Open Hours: Monday to Thursday 09:00~11:00, 14:00~16:00
Test Results: 09:00~11:00 Testing -> 17:00 on that day
14:00~16:00 Testing -> 12:00 the next day
Test Cost: KRW 130,000~140,000
KRW 20,000 for English Medical Certificate (100% Personal Expense)*Test cost is subject to change.

16l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress3) Cheju Halla General Hospital (KOR: 제주한라병원 선별진료소)Location: 65, Doryung-ro Jeju-si, Jeju-do, 63127 (10 min. from Jeju Airport by car)Tel.: +82-64-740-5359
Open Hours: Monday to Thursday 09:00~10:30, 13:30~15:30
Test Results: 15:00 the next day
Test Cost: KRW 200,000 including medical advice, COVID-19 test, English Medical Certificate(100% Personal Expense)*Test cost is subject to change.
(Near the Venue, ICC JEJU)
4) Seogwipo Medical Center (KOR: 제주서귀포의료원)Location: 47, Jangsu-ro Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, 63585 (25 min. from ICC JEJU by car)Tel.: +82-64-730-3008
Open Hours: Monday to Thursday 09:00~17:00
Test Results: 14:00 the next day
Test Cost: KRW 100,000
KRW 20,000 for English Medical Certificate (100% Personal Expense)*Test cost is subject to change.
5) Seogwipo Yeolling Hospital (KOR: 서귀포열린병원)Location: 8638, Iljudong-ro Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, 63585 (25 min. from ICC JEJU by car)Tel.: +82-64-762-8001
Open Hours: W eekdays 09:00~16:00
Saturday 09:00~10:00
Test Cost: KRW 100,000
KRW 20,000 for English Medical Certificate (100% Personal Expense)*Test cost is subject to change.

Precautions for COVID19• Due to the recent surge in COVID19 outbreaks, please wear a mask during the official program indoors.
• If you have symptoms such as fever and cough, or if the self-diagnosis kit is positive, please do not leave
the accommodation and contact the secretariat.
• Participants who plan to stay in South Korea longer than the conference dates should take PCR Test or
RAT(Rapid Antigen Test) on the sixth or seventh day following the arrival date.

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Awardees ProfileAwardee of the 13th AAAP Animal Science Award

Sponsored by Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology, Korea

Jong Kyu Ha
Professor Emeritus

College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
Prof. Jong Kyu Ha completed his BS and MS in Korea and received Ph.D degree in ruminant nutrition & biochemistry atSouth Dakota State University, USA in 1981. After a few year of post-doc experience in Canada, In 1984, Dr. Ha joinedin the Seoul National University, Korea, where he has been involved in teaching and research in ruminant nutrition for 30
years from 1984 to 2013. Dr. Jong K. Ha is now a professor emeritus at Seoul National University.
As a teacher and research scientist, he showed a superb performance in his career and became one of leading scientists inanimal nutrition, especially in the area of ruminology and rumen microbiology. Active research effort during his career
resulted in the publication of over 300 refereed scientific papers and 30 books. In recognition of his excellent scientificcontribution Prof. Ha received a number of awards and was elected as a fellow of Korea Academy of Science andTechnology in 1999.
Prof. Ha is well known for his dedicated contribution to scientific communities in various capacities. Prof. Ha has served
as the President of Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology(KSAST). Prof. Ha was instrumental in holdingof the 8th WCAP in 1998 as the chairman of organizing committee and then served the world organization as the vicepresident of WAAP. He also contributed a phenomenal role for hosting 2006 AAAP Animal Science Congress to Korea.
His long and dedicated service to AAAP as the secretary-general (2000-2010) and the editor-in-chief(2001-present) of
Animal Bioscience(formerly AJAS), the official journal of AAAP is well recognized. He also devoted to the enhancementof science journal quality through various activities in local and international science editors organizations. He was the
President of Korean Council of Science Editors (2014-2017) and also initiated the creation of Council of Asian Science
Editors, serving as the 1st president of the association (2014-2016).
Considering his great contributions to the development of animal science and AAAP organization and region, the award
selection committee unanimously selected Prof. Jong Kyu Ha as the awardee of the 13th AAAP Animal Science Award.

18

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science CongressAwardee of the 14th AAAP Animal Science Award

Sponsored by Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology, Korea

Naomi Kashiwazaki
Professor
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University, Japan
Professor Kashiwazaki (BS from Azabu University in 1984, MS from Meiji University in 1986 and PhD from Nagoya
University in 1998) has been conducting research and educating at Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology,
School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Japan. Since year 1998, Prof. Kashiwazaki had served for Azabu
university as Heads of the Department, Course and Graduate School as well as the Chairperson (2014-2020) of the Boardof Trustees of Azabu Veterinary School. Professor Kashiwazaki educated more than 200 young researchers including 14
PhD and 25 MS students. His teaching and research has also been a big help for producers and industries for improving the
production efficiency.
His primary research efforts have focused on reproduction technology including AI, ET, IVM/IVF, sperm/oocyte/embryocryopreservation, transgenesis and ICSI in pigs and rats. He has published more than 150 original and review articles andbooks/chapters. Pioneering researches includes the first successful production of a chimeric pigs (Vet Rec, 1992), the firstsuccessful generation of rats derived from froze/thawed sperm (Reproduction 2001), production of transgenic pigs (Proc
Natl Acad Sci USA, 2004), WAAP Book of the year (2007), production of piglets for the first time using sperm derived
from ectopic testicular xenografts via ICSI (Reproduction 2010), as well as generation of live piglets from cryopreserved
oocytes (PLoS One 2014).
His devotion for scientific communities is also remarkable. Prof. Kashiwazaki served as the executive director of JapaneseSociety of Animal Science (JSAS, 2007-2021), Editor-In-Chief (2011-2015) and Executive Editor (2007-2011) of Animal
Science Journal, there he made great contribution on IF improvement. Then he served as a President of JSAS as well as anaffiliate member of Science Council of Japan (2017-present). For international community, he seved as the Vice-President(Asian Region) of World Association for Animal Production (2019-2021). He also served as an executive director and vicepresident of 2017 AAAP Animal Science Congress in Fukuoka. Prof. Kashiwazaki also contributed to develop animal
science and the related industries in AAAP region.
Considering his contributions to animal sciences in AAAP region, the AAAP awardee selection committee came toconclusion that Professor Naomi Kashiwazaki is well deserved as the awardee of the 14th AAAP Animal Science Award.

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Awardee of 6th Woogene B&G Award
Sponsored by Woogene B&G Co., Korea

Frank Dunshea
Professor
Faculty of Agriculture, Melbourne University, Australia
Professor Dunshea has a Bachelor of Agricultural Science and PhD from La Trobe University, Australia and post-doctoral
training at Cornell University, USA. Dr. Dunshea then worked as a government scientist for 17 years before joining the
University of Melbourne in 2006. In 2016, Dunshea was awarded the Redmond Barry Distinguished Professor title, which
recognizes those who demonstrate outstanding leadership at The University of Melbourne coupled with pre-eminence inresearch and teaching. Professor Dunshea also is the Professor of Animal Growth and Development at the University ofLeeds.
Dunshea is a Fellow of the Nutrition Society of Australia, the Australian Association for Animal Sciences, and theAustralasian Pig Science Association. In 2009, Dunshea was elected to the Australian Academy of Science Nutrition
Committee, chairing this committee from 2015 to 2017.
Professor Dunshea’s research has an impressive breadth and quality. He has published over 1000 scientific journal
papers, conference, book, or technical articles. His research has had a high scientific impact, thereby he is listed in the top
scientists in Agricultural Science (top 0.28%) and All Fields (top 0.73%) in the ISI rankings with a h-index of 66 and over
16500 citations (Google Scholar). Areas where Professor Dunshea has had a substantial impact, include understanding
the effects of metabolic modifiers on metabolism and nutrient requirements, registration and commercialization of an
immunocastration vaccine, ruminant and monogastric nutrition, functional foods, sensory and consumer science, meat
science and nutritional mitigation of effects of heat stress. Professor Dunshea has received many awards for his researchin animal science including the American Society of Animal Science awards for Growth and Development (2009), NonRuminant Nutrition (2013), Meat Science (2017) and Ruminant Nutrition (2022).
Considering his contribution to the scientific research, teaching and industry specifically on animal biotechnology andgreen technology, Dr. Dunshea overly deserves the awardee of the 6th Woogene B&G Award.

20

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Asian-Australasian Association ofAnimal Production

August 23
Plenary Session

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PS1

Animal Production Division

Aug. 23, 13:00-14:40 / Tamna A (5F)

Chair. Young Min Choi (Kyoungpook National University, Korea)
PS1-1
13:00-13:50

PS1-2
13:50-14:40

PS2

Additivity of dietary nutrient values for swine and poultry
Olayiwola AdeolaPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA inding the new use of the egg – opportunities and challenges
F
Dong Uk Ahn
Animal Science Department, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA

Animal Biotechnology Division

Aug. 23, 13:00-14:40 / Halla (3F)

Chair. Sang Hong Lee (University of South Australia, Australia)
PS2-1
13:00-13:50

PS2-2
13:50-14:40

22

Experiences with genomic selection across species
Daniela LourencoDepartment of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA ow genomic prediction accuracy? Multi-omics to the rescue!
L
Antonio Reverter
CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4067, Australial Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PS3

Animal Production Division

Aug. 23, 15:00-16:40 / Tamna A (5F)

Chair. Jung Min Heo (Chungnam National University, Korea)
PS3-1
15:00-15:50

PS3-2
15:50-16:40

PS4

Optimising ruminant systems through targeted supplementation to the grazing
animal and microbiome
SE Denman, Fernandez G Martinez and CS McSweeney
CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Brisbane, Australia
Piglet enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: Antimicrobial resistance and control
strategies for post-weaning diarrhoea
JR Pluske
Australasian Pork Research Institute Ltd., P.O. Box 466, Willaston, South Australia, 5118, Australia

Animal Biotechnology Division

Aug. 23, 15:00-16:40 / Halla (3F)

Chair. Dae-Kyung Kang (Dankook University, Korea)
PS4-1
15:00-15:50

PS4-2
15:50-16:40

Coping with large litters: health and welfare challenges
Olli Peltoniemi1, Taehee Han1 and Jinhyeon Yun2
1
 Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University
of Helsinki, 04920 Saarentaus, Finland, 2Department of Animal Science, College ofAgriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
 ibosome dimerization mechanism for persister cell formation and resuscitation
R
Thomas K. Wood
Department of Chemical Engineering and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State
University, University Park, PA 16802, USA				

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

23

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PS1

Animal Production Division

PS1-1

Additivity of dietary nutrient values
for swine and poultry
Olayiwola Adeola
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
ladeola@purdue.edu

Formulating diets to match nutrient needs of an animal with dietary supply involves the use ofa variety of ingredients for the supply of the nutrient. An implicit assumption in this process isthat the nutrient amount in the diet is equal to the sum of nutrients from each feed ingredient.
Additivity of nutrient values is therefore a fundamental assumption in the formulation of diets.
The validity of this nutrient additivity assumption in mixed diets is, of consequence, crucial
for the accuracy of feed formulation. For mixed diets containing multiple protein sources, theresults of studies showed that the apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids some amino acids
for grains, co-products of grain processing, and oilseed meals were not additive in mixed dietfor growing pigs but the standardized ileal digestibility values were additive, substantiating
the notion that standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids are more accurate than apparent
ileal digestibility for predicting ileal digestibility of amino acids in mixed diets containing
multiple protein sources. In broiler chicken and duck studies, the apparent ileal digestibilityof amino acids some amino acids for grains and oilseed meals were not additive in mixed dietwhereas the standardized ileal digestibility values were additive. In phosphorus digestibility
studies, basal endogenous losses do not appear to affect additivity as both apparent andstandardized digestibility are additive in mixed diets. Furthermore, neither age nor phytase
supplementation impact the additivity of apparent or standardized digestibility of phosphorus.
Keywords: additivity, amino acid, ileal digestibility, phosphorus

24l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PS1-2

Finding the new use of the egg –opportunities and challenges
Dong Uk Ahn
Animal Science Department, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
duahn@iastate.edu

One of the major challenges for the sustainable egg industry is the efficient movement of egg
and egg products through the market channels. The use of processed egg products has been
increasing continuously past several decades, and this trend is expected to continue. However,
the increase in egg consumption through the conventional way is limited. Therefore,
developing new value-added products and diversifying the utilization of eggs in non-foodproducts is necessary.
The ways of diversifying and increasing the use of eggs include improving the compositionof the whole egg through feed supplementation, modifying the physicochemical properties
of egg yolk and white or fractionating to develop new products, or separating value-added
components from the egg yolk and white and using them in non-food products. Modifying
the physicochemical properties or fractionating yolk and white is relatively easy. Separating
value-added components from egg yolk and white is more complicated and costly but candramatically increase the value of eggs and expand their use from foods to non-food products(e.g., pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, nutraceutical, or antimicrobial agents). There are several
other challenges to using egg components in non-food applications. This presentation will
discuss the opportunities for the new use of egg and egg components in food and discussvarious challenges for the practical applications of the value-added egg components in the
non-food industry. Adding values and finding new uses for egg and egg components will be
important for the sustainability of the egg industry.
Keywords: egg and egg products, utilization, adding values, sustainability				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

25

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PS2

Animal Biotechnology Division

PS2-1

Experiences with genomic selection
across species
Daniela Lourenco
Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
danilino@uga.edu

It is well-known that genomic information increases selection accuracy and decreases thegeneration interval, consequently boosting the genetic gain. Genomic selection (GS) has
become the new standard in animal breeding and genetics over the past decade and has
been successfully implemented across farm animal populations. Among the few existing GS
methods, single-step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP) is the standard method in beef cattle, pigs,
chicken, and fish and is becoming popular in dairy cattle. The wide adoption of this method
is a consequence of its simplicity, higher accuracy, and less bias. In this talk, I will review
the challenges during the implementation of GS for farm animal populations and the requiredchanges in methods. The challenges were mainly related to the compatibility between genomic
and pedigree relationship matrices, the convergence of large models, complex models (i.e.,threshold), multibreed and crossbred evaluations, approximation of theoretical accuracy,
sequence data, and how to deal with large numbers of genotyped animals. With the increasein the number of genotyped animals, several challenges arose, including computational issues.
Exploiting the limited dimension of the genomic information helped solve these issues, andssGBLUP can be applied to millions of genotyped animals. Finally, perspectives on omics
data and whether they can benefit genomic predictions will be discussed.

26

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PS2-2

Low genomic prediction accuracy?
Multi-omics to the rescue!
Antonio Reverter
CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Brisbane,
Queensland 4067, Australia
toni.reverter-gomez@csiro.au

Accurate genomic predictions underpin the success of genomic selection-based breeding
programs for livestock species. Therefore, efforts to compute and improve prediction accuracy(ACC) are imperative. Indeed, in the last decade there has been a tremendous research effort
aimed at boosting the ACC of genomic-estimated breeding values (GEBVs), by exploringalternative analytical models, genomic relationship matrices, advanced numerical approaches
and uses of functional biology information. However, one common finding among thesestudies is that the observed increase in prediction ACC is seemingly and deceptively
small, ranging from 0.02 to 0.08 (absolute value). Clouding the impact of these small
improvements is the difficulty in translating ACC values into tangible measures for seedstockand commercial producers. At the same time, advances in high-throughput techniques haveallowed the generation of large-scale multi-omics datasets at low cost. Spanning the flow ofmolecular dynamics, we now have genomics, DNA methylation, gene expression, protein
and metabolite abundance. We argue that the integration of these layers of information inholistic, yet numerically rigorous approaches hold the key to understand the complexity of
biological processes regulating complex traits of importance in livestock including growth,
feed efficiency, fertility and disease resistance. In turn, this insight allows us to prioritize DNA
markers with functional and evolutionary relevance and the power to significantly increase
GEBV ACC. We conclude by showing that seemingly small increases in ACC are worthy of
consideration as they can translate in significant increases in animal production.
Keywords: genomic prediction, functional annotation, multi-omics, animal production				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

27

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PS3

Animal Production Division

PS3-1

Optimising ruminant systems throughtargeted supplementation to thegrazing animal and microbiome
SE Denman, Fernandez G Martinez and CS McSweeney
CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Brisbane, Australia
Stuart.denman@csiro.au

The northern Australian beef industry is based on extensive grazing in dry tropical rangelands
and represents over 59% of the Australian cattle herd. Tropical grasses rarely provide theminimum level of nutrients, particularly during the long dry season, with a faster maturationand higher fibre component than temperate grasses.
The rumen is the interface between the feed base and the animal, and optimising theenergy and nutrient harvesting within the rumen will ensure maximum use of the feedbase. Developmental boundaries and environmental factors define major challenges to theanimal which drive the biggest disruptions to the rumen microbiome. Optimising the rumen
microbiome through these transitions offers the greatest opportunity for maintaining animal
performance.
Typically, commercial supplements used in northern Australian beef enterprises containmacronutrients (crude protein, sulfur and phosphorus) to correct for gross deficiencies andare offered to animals with little intervention or monitoring. However, targeted approaches
such as providing methyl donor compounds, essential for animal tissue metabolism,
fetal development, and immune function, to the pregnant animal in the late dry season is
showing increased productivity in their offspring. Likewise, optimizing the delivery of antimethanogenic compounds to the rumen in a continual and predictable manner is seeing the
repurposing of feed dispensing equipment not previously adopted in the rangeland systems to
overcome this challenge.
It is becoming apparent that targeted approaches for delivery of supplements is likely to not
only be more economical, but will provide essential nutrients, supplements, and modifiers in acontrolled way for a maximum effect.
Keywords: microbiome, supplements, methyl compounds, grazing

28

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PS3-2

Piglet enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli:
Antimicrobial resistance and control strategies
for post-weaning diarrhoea
JR Pluske
Australasian Pork Research Institute Ltd., P.O. Box 466, Willaston,South Australia, 5118, Australia
j.pluske@april.org.au

Strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causing post-weaning diarrhoea can havenegative impacts on piglet health and the cost of pork production. Traditional approaches toprevention and (or) control have placed an emphasis on in-feed and (or) in-water antimicrobialuse, including mineral compounds such as ZnO, such that current ETEC strains havegenerally developed some form of antimicrobial resistance, which in turn limits treatment
options. In the absence of the use of some antimicrobial compounds, or in comination withsome antimicrobial compounds, various nutritional, veterinary (e.g., vaccines), managementand (or) husbandry practices have all been examined, with varying degress of success,to mitigate the incidence of ETEC infection after weaning. Nevertheless, each practiceor intervention has its own constraints and typically cannot be relied upon exclusively as
an alternative to antimicrobial use. Significant reliance for prevention and (or) control of
ETEC has been placed on nutritional approaches, such as feed additives including probiotic
fermentation products and (or) feeding strategies such as lower protein diets and (or) selected
raw materials, e.g., fibre-containing ingredients. This review will focus first on the aetiologyof ETEC and its impacts on post-weaning health and production, and then discuss the various
current options the industry has for ETEC in the absence of antimicrobial compounds,
drawing on past and current literature. The review finishes with discussion relating to somepromising future alternative strategies. The pork industry requires solutions such as these todiminish threats potentiated by the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance through the foodchain.
Keywords: pig, antimicrobial compounds, diarrhoea, weaning				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

29

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PS4

Animal Biotechnology Division

PS4-1

Coping with large litters:
health and welfare challenges
Olli Peltoniemi1, Taehee Han1 and Jinhyeon Yun2
1

Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
University of Helsinki, 04920 Saarentaus, Finland, 2Department of Animal
Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju 61186, Korea
Olli.Peltoniemi@Helsinki.fi

A number of management issues can be used as drivers for change in order to improveanimal welfare and nursing capacity of the hyper prolific sow. Group housing of sows during
gestation is a recommended practice from the perspective of animal welfare. Related healthissues include reproductive health and the locomotor system. It appears that managementof pregnant sows in groups is challenging for a producer and considerable skill is required.
We explored the benefits and challenges of group housing, including feeding issues.
Increasing litter size requires additional attention to the mammary gland and its ability toprovide sufficient nursing for the growing litter. We discuss the fundamentals of mammary
development and the specific challenges related to the hyperprolific sow. We also address
challenges with the farrowing environment. It appears that the old-fashioned farrowing crate
is not only outdated in terms of welfare from the public’s perspective, but also fails to provide
the environment that the sow needs to support her physiology of farrowing, nursing, andmaternal behaviour. Studies from our group and others indicate that providing the sow witha loose housing system adequate in space and nesting material, along with reasonable chancefor isolation, can be considered as fundamental for successful farrowing of the hyperprolificsow. It has also been shown that management strategies, such as split suckling and crossfostering, are necessary to ensure proper colostrum intake for all piglets born alive in a large
litter. We thus conclude that welfare and nursing capacity of the sow can be improved bymanagement. However, current megatrends such as the climate change may change sow
management and force the industry to rethink goals of breeding and, for instance, breeding for
better resilience may need to be included as goals for the future.
Keywords: hyperprolific sow, group housing, parturition process, feeding management, colostrum
management30

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PS4-2

Ribosome dimerization mechanism for persister
cell formation and resuscitation
Thomas K. Wood
Department of Chemical Engineering and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
tuw14@psu.edu

Persistence, the dormant, stress-tolerant state formed primarily through the cessation ofprotein synthesis after stresses such as antibiotic and nutrient stress, is arguably one of mostvital phenotypes for bacteria since nearly all cells experience nutrient stress. In fact, we haveshown that the non-dead cells of what was previously-considered a separate phenotype, theviable but non-culturable state, are equivalent to persisters (Environ Microbiol 2018, doi:
10.1111/1462-2920.14075). Persisters are also important since they are responsible for manyrecurring infections. Here, using single-cell observations, we demonstrate that persister
cell formation is based on production of the alarmone (p)ppGpp, which leads directly (i.e.,
without toxin/antitoxin systems) to inactivation/dimerization of ribosomes via proteins byinactivating ribosomes via the ribosome modulation factor (RMF), the hibernation promoting
factor (Hpf), and the ribosome-associated inhibitor (RaiA) (Biochem Biophys Res Commun
2020, doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.102); this is the basis of our ppGpp ribosome dimerization
persister (PRDP) model. In addition, using single-cell observations again, we found persister
cells wake to reconstitute infections based on their level of ribosomes, which governs theirwaking speed (Environ Microbiol 2018, doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.14093). Also, we determinedthat alanine as the sole carbon source wakes Escherichia coli persister cells and that persister
cells wake primarily when presented with specific carbon sources, rather than spontaneously(iScience 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.100792). By screening all E. coli proteins, we foundthat the mechanism of persister cell waking is through sensing nutrients by the chemotaxis andflagellum systems and by reducing levels of the secondary messenger cAMP, which leads toribosome resuscitation via GTPas HflX and rescue. We also discovered that cryptic prophages
control persister resuscitation by monitoring phosphate levels (Environ Microbiol 2021, doi:
10.1111/1462-2920.15816) and discovered that CRISPR-Cas increases persister waking byinhibiting cryptic prophage lytic genes (bioRxiv, 2021, doi:10.1101/2021.07.28.454074).
Hence, persister cells wake using pathways evolved for nutrient sensing, by activatingdormant ribosomes.

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31

Asian-Australasian Association ofAnimal Production

August 24
Plenary Session

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PS5

Animal Production Division

Aug. 24, 08:30-10:10 / Tamna A (5F)

Chair. Jae Hwan Lee (CTCBio Inc, Korea)
PS5-1
08:30-09:20

PS5-2
09:20-10:10

PS6

Nutrigenomics of beef quality and intramuscular fat deposition
M Baik, JS Lee, SY Kim, KKTN Ranaweera and HJ Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Intestinal health, mucosal microbiota, and the growth of nursery pigs
Sung Woo Kim and Marcos Elias DuarteDepartment of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA

Animal Biotechnology Division

Aug. 24, 08:30-10:10 / Halla (3F)

Chair. Youngsok Choi (Konkuk University, Korea)
PS6-1
08:30-09:20

PS6-2
09:20-10:10

34

Metabolic pathways utilized by the porcine conceptus, uterus and placenta
GA Johnson, H Seo, FW Bazer and G Wu
Texas A&M University, College Station, USAImproving animal productivity by sperm OMICS
Myung-Geol Pang
Department of Animal Science and Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University,
Anseong, Korea

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PS5

PS5-1

Animal Production Division

Nutrigenomics of beef quality andintramuscular fat deposition
M Baik, JS Lee, SY Kim, KKTN Ranaweera and HJ Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
mgbaik@snu.ac.kr

Beef quality can be characterized by several categories including nutritional (protein, fat,fatty acids, vitamins, etc.), marbling (marbling degree, marbling fineness), physiochemical(pH, cooking loss, shear force, meat color, fat color, texture, maturity), and sensory traits(tenderness, flavor, juiciness, taste, odor, appearance). This presentation summarizes andaddresses beef quality characteristics and global beef grading system including Korea,
Japan, USA, Australia, EU. This presentation introduces recent progresses on beef quality
characteristics and factors affecting beef quality including genetic and nutritional factors in
our laboratory as well as others. Intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition or marbling is major
determinant of beef quality. This presentation addresses mechanisms of IMF deposition
focused on adipogenesis and lipogenesis. We also address increase in fat cell number(hyperplasia) and increase in fat cell size (hypertrophy) of IMF deposition. Nutrient
contributes to cellular response and phenotypes through gene expression and metabolism. This
presentation addresses control of gene expression through several nutrients (carbohydrates,
fat/fatty acids, vitamins, etc.) for IMF deposition. Several transcription factors of nutrientsare also presented. Functional genomics tools including transcriptomics and nutrigenomics
have been developed during the postgenomic era. This presentation addresses nutrigenomics
aspects of IMF deposition in cattle. We also introduce concept of genome-based precision
feeding in Korean cattle.
Keywords: beef cattle, beef quality, intramuscular fat deposition, marbling, nutrigenomics

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

35

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PS5-2

Intestinal health, mucosal microbiota, and thegrowth of nursery pigs
Sung Woo Kim and Marcos Elias Duarte
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University,
Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
sungwoo_kim@ncsu.edu

Weaning is a critical event for pigs due to increased stressors including antinutritional
compounds, allergenic compounds, toxic compounds, pathogenic bacteria from the feeds andenvironment. Unless they are handled carefully, it can cause reduced feed intake and growth
due to impaired intestinal functions and postweaning diarrhea. The jejunum is the major site ofintestinal disturbance by these stressors causing the changes of mucosa-associated microbiota,
increased mucosal inflammation followed by oxidative damages, increased humoral immune
response, damages in villus structure, increased crypt cell proliferation, reduced nutrient
digestion and absorption, and finally reduced growth in nursery pigs. Intestinal health status
can be assessed using biomarkers including proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative damage
products, immunoglobulins, etc. with numerous research evidences of close correlations
among them and also with growth performance. Changes of microbiota in the jejunum isparticularly important for those associated with mucosa due to their direct crosstalk with hostepithelium. There are increasing research evidences of showing the relationship between
abundance of particular mucosa-associated microbiota and intestinal health biomarkers in the
jejunum of nursery pigs. This presentation provides research evidences for the importanceof jejunal mucosal health with the relations to the changes of intestinal health biomarkers,
mucosa-associated microbiota, and growth performance of nursery pigs.
Keywords: dietary intervention, intestinal health, jejunum, mucosa-associated microbiota, growth
performance, newly weaned pigs

36

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PS6

PS6-1

Animal Biotechnology Division

Metabolic pathways utilized by the porcine
conceptus, uterus and placenta
GA Johnson, H Seo, FW Bazer and G Wu
Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
gjohnson@cvm.tamu.edu

Conceptus elongation and early placentation involve growth and remodeling that requires
proliferation and migration of cells. This demands conceptuses expend energy prior toestablishment of a placenta connection and when they are dependent upon components ofhistotroph secreted or transported into the uterine lumen from the uterus. In pigs, glucose andfructose, as well as many amino acids (including arginine, aspartate, glutamine, glutamate,glycine, methionine and serine) increase in the uterine lumen during the peri-implantation
period. Glucose and fructose enter cells via their transporters, SLC2A, SLC2A3 and SLC2A8,
and amino acids enter the cells via specific transporters that are expressed by the conceptus
trophectoderm. However, porcine conceptuses develop rapidly through extensive cellular
proliferation and migration as they elongate, resulting in increased metabolic demands.
Therefore, coordination of multiple metabolic biosynthetic pathways is an essential aspectof conceptus development. Oxidative metabolism primarily occurs through the TCA cycle
and the electron transport chain, but proliferating and migrating cells, like the trophectodermof pigs, enhance aerobic glycolysis. The glycolytic intermediates from glucose can then be
shunted into the pentose phosphate pathway and one-carbon metabolism for the de novo
synthesis of nucleotides. A result of aerobic glycolysis is limited availability of pyruvate formaintaining the TCA cycle, and trophectoderm cells likely replenish TCA cycle metabolites
primarily through glutaminolysis to convert glutamine into TCA cycle intermediates. The
synthesis of ATP, nucleotides, amino acids, and fatty acids through these biosynthetic
pathways is essential to support elongation, migration, hormone synthesis, implantation andearly placental development of conceptuses.
Keywords: pigs, pregnancy, conceptus, metabolism

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

37

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PS6-2

Improving animal productivity by sperm OMICS
Myung-Geol Pang
Department of Animal Science and Technology and BET Research Institute,
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
mgpang@cau.ac.kr

Basic semen analysis cannot provide the complete knowledge needed to adequately explain
male infertility since male fertility is tied to a complex physiological and biochemical system.
To gain a better understanding of biological systems linked to male fertility, comparativeand comprehensive omics studies, such as genomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics,
have recently been conducted. These omics-based research, on the other hand, may yield
innovative and beneficial information for determining male fertility, but they may also provide
excessive data with useful information. Therefore, I proposed filter out approaches, in whichfalse fertility markers that have no relationship with male fertility were eliminated and actual
fertility markers that have a correlation with male fertility were applied for individual test,
in order to acquire reliable findings for male fertility prediction. Briefly, intensive individual
testing following omics research is required for screening out of potential fertility markers.
The next step was to validate the multiple marker panel by utilizing multivariate linear
regression to predict male fertility using a flexible, believable combination of each potential
fertility markers. Finally, diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value,
negative predictive value, and overall accuracy in single and multiple marker panel should be
calculated. These approaches could improve the animal productivity to distinguish between
normal and sub-fertile animals even further.
Keywords: sperm, omics, productivity
This study was financially supported by the Basic Science Research Program throughthe National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), Ministry of Education (NRF2018R1A6A1A03025159).

38

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Asian-Australasian Association ofAnimal Production

August 24
Invited Session

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS1

Ruminant Nutrition

Aug. 24, 14:40-16:10 / Halla (3F)

Chair. Joonpyo Oh (Cargill, Korea)
IS1-1
14:40-15:25

IS1-2
15:25-16:10

IS2

Evaluation of physiological parameters related with carcass traits in JapaneseBlack cattle
S Roh
Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Japan eeding amino acids to lactating dairy cows
F
C Lee
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691, USA

Swine Nutrition

Aug. 24, 14:40-16:10 / Samda A (3F)

Chair. Jae Hwan Lee (CTCBio Inc, Korea)
IS2-1
14:40-15:25

IS2-2
15:25-16:10

40

Applied piglet nutrition and its impacts on lifetime pig performance
RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
 utritional application for improvement of pig growth and healthN
MH Song
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

IS3

Animal Products

Aug. 24, 14:40-16:10 / Samda B (3F)

Chair. Sun Jin Hur (Chung-Ang University, Korea)
IS3-1
14:40-15:25

IS3-2
15:25-16:10

IS4

Improving fresh meat quality and value through smart-aging strategies
Yuan H. Brad Kim
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907, IN, USA airy-isolate probiotic: a natural agent for the aging brain & gut
D
Min-Tze LiongSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia

Animal Management

Aug. 24, 14:40-16:10 / Rm. 303

Chair. Kyu-Hyun Park (Kangwon National University, Korea)
IS4-1
14:40-15:25

IS4-2
15:25-16:10

Strategic approach to enhance carbon conservation in biofuels derived fromlignocellulosic biomass and livestock
EH KwonHanyang University, Seoul, Korea
 pplication of artificial intelligence for smart (precision) livestock farming in Korea
A
HT Kim1, JK Basak2 and NE Kim1
1
 Department of Bio-Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju
52828, Korea, 2Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

41

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS5

Animal Reproduction

Aug. 24, 14:40-16:10 / Rm. 401

Chair. Minjung Yoon (Kyoungpook National University, Korea)
IS5-1
14:40-15:25

IS5-2
15:25-16:10

IS6

New hypotheses for placentation in pigs, sheep and cattle
H Seo, GA Johnson, FW Bazer and KG Pohler
Texas A&M University, College Station, USA NDy neurons: the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generator in mammals
K
Y Uenoyama, N Inoue and H Tsukamura
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan

Animal Biotechnology

Aug. 24, 14:40-16:10 / Rm. 402

Chair. Joon-Hee Lee (Gyeongsang National University, Korea)
IS6-1
14:40-15:25

IS6-2
15:25-16:10

42

Pluripotency 3.0: current status of pluripotent stem cell research in domestic
animals
SH Kim1 and CK Lee1,21Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, ResearchInstitute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea,
2
Designed Animal & Transplantation Research Institute, Institute of Green Bio Scienceand Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
 itochondrial dynamics, energy metabolism, and mitochondrial fission genes inMstem cells
Jeong Tae Do
Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology,
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

IS1

IS1-1

Ruminant Nutrition

Evaluation of physiological parameters relatedwith carcass traits in Japanese Black cattle
S Roh
Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Japansanggun.roh@tohoku.ac.jp

This study aimed to investigate the physiological features with the fattening period andproduction characteristics in Japanese Black steers bred and raised in Japan. Twenty-one
Japanese black steers aged 12 months were used in the experiment, and the experimental
period was divided into early fattening (12 to 14 months of age), middle fattening (15 to 22
months of age), and late phases (23 to 30 months of age). To comprehensively examine themetabolic features of black steers, we performed to collect the various physiological parameter
including the liver transcriptome, blood metabolites, hormones, and rumen fermentations.
Along with the fattening periods, the blood triglyceride and NEFA concentrations increased,
and the blood ketone level decreased. Blood insulin was significantly increased with
fattening periods, and increased in high carcass weight and marbling group compare to low
performance group. The results of rumen fermentation composition show the high propionate
levels and low acetate and butyrate levels in late fattening phases, and these changes are
considered to be attributed to an increase in feed energy intake. We found that the expressionof genes related to glucose and lipid metabolism was regulated from early to late fattening
phases. The findings suggests that the physiological changes of Japanese Black cattle bred andraised in Japan typical feeding system result from changes in energy content and compositionof diets, and the liver metabolism changes according to fattening period strongly relate to fat
metabolism, such as fat accumulation and transport.
Keywords: beef cattle, Japanese Black cattle, fattening, physiological parameter				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

43

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS1-2

Feeding amino acids to lactating dairy cows
C Lee
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691, USA
Lee.7502@osu.edu

Improving dietary N use efficiency (NUE) is critical to decrease environmental impacts
without affecting production in dairy cows. Although production of lactating cows in the
US has considerably increased last 60 years, NUE (about 30%) has not changed, leading toefforts to develop nutritional strategies to improve NUE. Among various strategies, supplying
amino acids (AA) in good quantity and quality has received large attention. Theoretically,balancing a diet for AA should improve NUE compared with that for protein (e.g., crude
protein) because what is absorbed and utilized for protein synthesis is AA. To balance a dietfor AA, various protein feedstuffs can be used, or simply rumen protected (RP)-AA can beused. Because Lys and Met have been considered limiting AA in lactating cows, RP-Lys and-Met are commercially available. However, responses to RP-AA have not been consistent.
There are 3 factors that may help increase responses to RP-AA. Adequate energy supply is
as important as AA supply for protein synthesis. Sufficient supply of energy to the rumen andmammary glands should improve protein synthesis efficiency. The concept of limiting AA haschanged from one or two AA to multiple AA. Balancing a diet for all essential AA is necessary
and probably various protein feeds are needed or RP-essential AA other than Lys and Met
are required in the future. Lastly, bioavailability of commercial RP-AA should be accurately
determined, and RP-AA should be included in a ration without deficiency or excessiveness ofcertain AA, which might decrease AA utilization efficiency.
Keywords: efficiency, N excretion, rumen-protected amino acids

44

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

IS2

IS2-1

Swine Nutrition

Applied piglet nutrition and its impacts onlifetime pig performance
RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
rcsulabo@up.edu.ph

The wider use of hyperprolific sow breeds as a strategy to increase litter size led to increases
in within-litter birth weight variation and reduced mean piglet birth weights. These directly
impact lifetime pig performance, as low birth weight pigs have lower growth rates, lessmuscle fiber numbers and have earlier plateau of muscle fiber growth that influence dietaryenergy utilization and body composition. The higher distribution of smaller pigs in the litter
has also created a major challenge that has consequent effects beyond lactation. This led togreater attention to the role of early pig nutrition that focuses on better preparation for growththat impacts lifetime performance. Recent applied piglet research has focused on pre-weaning,peri-weaning, and post-weaning strategies. Pre-weaning strategies include nutrition toincrease colostrum yield and quality, colostrum management, lactation feeding managementand diet design, and supplemental feeding for the litter. Understanding individual creep
consumption characteristics has led to more attention to increasing the proportion of eaters
within litters. Peri-weaning strategies focus on overcoming the transition phase immediately
before and after weaning. Finally, post-weaning nutritional strategies include nursery feeding
management and diet design that interplays with diet complexity, diet specifications andfeeding for intestinal health to improve viability and lifetime performance.
Keywords: piglets, lifetime performance, nutrition, feeding strategies				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

45

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS2-2

Nutritional application for improvement of
pig growth and health
MH Song
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
mhsong@cnu.ac.kr

Antibiotics are growth promoters and powerful in disease control, but the use of antibiotics
in animal diets was banned because of its potential safety issues such as its residues in animal
products and the risk of antimicrobial resistance. Morewhile, the cost of main conventional
feed ingredients such as corn or soybean meal has markedly increased, resulting in increased
use of cheaper alternatives to replace partially them in animal diets. Due to the above twomain issues, livestock industry has been increasingly considering the use of all kinds ofalternatives not only to reduce feed cost but also to improve pig performance and health. These
potential alternatives may be new feed ingredients, feed additives, feed formulation practices,feeding methods, or etc. and provide bioavailable nutrients and/or affect physiological activity
to modify the physiological condition, immune system, or gut microbiota of pigs to improvetheir performance and health. Among the alternatives, brown rice, enzymes, and probiotics
may be solutions to manage pig growth and health. Several studies support that thesealternatives may improve pig growth and health by providing bioavailable nutrients and/or bymodulating intestinal conditions, immunity, or other physiological conditions compared withtypical feed ingredients in pig production. Therefore, livestock industry needs to understandhow these alternatives can contribute to improving pig performance and health.
Keywords: growth performance, health, nutritional application, pig

46l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

IS3

IS3-1

Animal Products

Improving fresh meat quality and value throughsmart-aging strategies
Yuan H. Brad Kim
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907, IN, USA
bradkim@purdue.edu

Postmortem aging has considerable impacts on the development of eating quality attributesof fresh meats, but the optimal conditions to maximize aging impacts have not been fully
established. In our research program, a novel smart-aging system has been proposed as aconceptual post-harvest tailored strategies to lead to development of specific aging systems
to improve meat quality and value. For example, dry-aging has been adopted for centuries
as a conventional butchery process yielding superior quality cuts of meat. For the first time,
we demonstrated that dry-aging impacts can be further optimized by controlling temperature,humidity, and air-velocity conditions resulting in significant improvements of tenderness,juiciness and flavor of low quality beef through the generation of flavor-related compounds.
In particular, using metabolomics, we have recently identified key metabolites that weresignificantly more abundant in the dry-aged beef than in the wet-aged counterparts. Extended
aging improves palatability attributes of fresh meat, however, we have found that color andlipid oxidative stability would be inversely associated with aging. Furthermore, the adverse
impacts of aging on oxidative stability occur in muscle-specific manner meaning certain
muscle types would be more susceptibilities to aging-induced oxidation. We further identified
key metabolites that could be associated with oxidative stabilities of aged meat. These
results suggest that understanding muscle–specific aging impacts ono oxidative stability
and subsequent development of muscle-specific aging systems will be critical for the meatindustry to prevent oxidation–related quality defects, while further enhancing positive aging
impacts on palatability attributes.
Keywords: smart-aging, palatability attributes, oxidative stability, metabolomics

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

47

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS3-2

Dairy-isolate probiotic: a natural agent
for the aging brain & gut
Min-Tze Liong
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM),
Penang 11800, Malaysia
mintze.liong@usm.my

Probiotic microorganisms have a long history of safe use and have been documented fortheir various health benefits. Many strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the genera of
Lactobacillus have been identified to possess probiotic properties. They have been muchemphasized on their roles to regulate gut well-being, including the alleviation of lactose
intolerance, improvement of diarrhoea and inhibition towards pathogenic bacteria in thegut. Recent evidences have illustrated the potential of LAB for brain health, ranging fromneurodegenerative diseases to stress, memory and cognition. Lactobacillus plantarum DR7,
a cow’s milk isolate from Penang, Malaysia has shown a reversal of symptoms associatedwith Alzheimer’s disease in a fruit fly model, accompanied by distinct changes of gut
microbiota profiles. In aging and hyperlipidemia rats, DR7 has shown improved stress andanxiety symptoms, accompanied by improved memory. The administration of DR7 for
12-weeks in stressed adults has contributed to improve stress and anxiety scores, in addition
to memory and cognitive abilities, primarily via enhancement along the serotonin pathway
and maintenance of the dopamine pathway. My talk will highlight the evidence of a probiotic
strain, primarily targeting brain and gut health, via models ranging from insects to human.

48

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

IS4

IS4-1

Animal Management

Strategic approach to enhancecarbon conservation in biofuels derived fromlignocellulosic biomass and livestock
EH KwonHanyang University, Seoul, Korea
ek2148@hanyang.ac.kr

Since an era of industrialization, carbon inputs (from our anthropogenic activities) beyond theplanet’s full carbon sequestration by assimilating CO2 through the natural carbon cycle havebeen pointed out as one of the critical factors triggering the global environmental problems(global warming). As such, the use of carbon neutral energies/chemicals has gained a big
momentum because these efforts could offer a precautipus measure to mitigate catastrophic
consequences from global warming. A great deal of researches on biofuel/biorefinery has been
extensively carried out over the last decade. Nonetheless, carbon loss from the productionsof biofuel/chemical (derived from biomass) has not be discussed with the fully transparent
manners. Note that biomass is a carbon-based material among the reneawable resources. As
such, it could be of great importance to developed a new technical conversion platform forbiofuel/chemical from biomass to minimize the unwanted carbon loss. Here in this study, the
new technical development to increase the carbon conservation toward the targeted biofuel/chemical will be delinearated. Specifically, a hybridized conversion platform for biofuel/chemical will be discussed.
Keywords: circular economy, waste valorization, carbon neutrality, biofuel (renewable energy)				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

49

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS4-2

Application of artificial intelligence for smart(precision) livestock farming in Korea
HT Kim1, JK Basak2 and NE Kim1
1

Department of Bio-Systems Engineering, Graduate School of
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea, 2Institute of Smart Farm,
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
bioani@gnu.ac.kr

As the global population increases, it is essential to raise more livestock products withimproved productivity and efficiency to meet the protein demand, while need to be concerned
about animal welfare, environmental sustainability, and labour shortage. Therefore,
governments all around the world are attempting to remedy this problem by utilizing cuttingedge technologies such as smart farms in livestock sector. For instance, due to huge labour
shortages, Korean government has invested a lot of research funds to innovate and incorporate
modern technologies for smart livestock farming. Hence, state-of-the-art technologies likeartificial intelligence (AI) applications were examined for smart livestock farming in Korea.
The current digital transformation in livestock production plays an important role due to thehuge successes of AI and its intelligent analysis systems. The intelligent analysis, modelling,
and advanced management of livestock farming already increased productivity through aconvergence of agriculture and ICT in Korea. Moreover, the precision livestock farming
technologies such as biometric sensors, 3D imaging systems, big data, and blockchain
technology have been used effectively to identify animal behaviors and activities. Real-timedata obtained from biometric sensors are analyzed and integrated by employing large data
analytics systems that depend upon machine learning algorithms which allow farmers to usethem as decision-making tools. Furthermore, they are widely applied in monitoring disease
outbreaks and food-related health pandemics along with preventing related economic losses
recently. Therefore, AI in livestock farming not only improves productivity in Korea but alsoenhances efficiency along with addressing animal welfare.
Keywords: animal welfare, artificial intelligence, smart livestock farming, technologies

50

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

IS5

IS5-1

Animal Reproduction

New hypotheses for placentation inpigs, sheep and cattle
H Seo, GA Johnson, FW Bazer and KG Pohler
Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
hseo@cvm.tamu.edu

Placentation is epitheliochorial in pigs. The uterine luminal epithelium (LE) remains intact
throughout pregnancy, and trophectoderm/chorionic epithelial (CE) cells directly attach to the
LE. These two epithelia progressively develop complex folds to increase surface area. The
LE and CE are often assumed to be homogeneous across these folds. However, we utilized
immunofluorescence staining to demonstrate that select metabolic enzymes exhibit cell typespecific expression within the LE and CE of these folds, confirming that the LE and CE along
the uterine-placental folds of pigs are differentiated into specialized groups of cells that havedistinct metabolic gene expression, and therefore different metabolic functions to support
placental and fetal deleopment. It is accepted that sheep and cows develop synepitheliochorial
placentae in which LE cells fuse with migrating trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) to form
syncytial plaques. However, our immunofluorescence staining in sheep suggests a possibility
that LE cells are eliminated by TGCs during syncytialization, resulting in syncytial plaques
that are entirely of trophoblast origin. In cattle, our immunofluorescence staining indicatesthat when the syncytial layer of the cotyledons begins to invade into the caruncularendometrium, mononucleate trophoblast cells compose the leading edge of the invasion.
These mononucleate cells subsequently expand to cover the entire caruncular epithelial
surface. We propose the possibility that caruncular epithelial cells, currently defined to be ofendometrial origin, may be mononucleate trophoblast cells, and that mononucleate trophoblast
cells are the outermost placental layer of the bovine placentome.
Keywords: placentation, pigs, sheep, cattle				

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51

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS5-2

KNDy neurons: the gonadotropin-releasing
hormone (GnRH) pulse generator in mammals
Y Uenoyama, N Inoue and H Tsukamura
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japanuenoyama@nagoya-u.jp

The brain mechanism generating gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulses,
which governs tonic gonadotropin release and hance folliculogenesis/spermatogenesis, isfundamentally important for mammalian reproduction. This is because GnRH can stimulate
gonadotropin release only when GnRH acts on the pituitary gonadotrophs in a pulsatilemanner at physiological frequencies. The present paper focuses on the current understandingof the mechanism generating GnRH pulses in mammals. Accumulating evidence during
the past two decades demonstrates that kisspeptin (coded by Kiss1) serves as a primarystimulator for GnRH neurons in mammals. We showed that global Kiss1 knockout (KO) maleand female rats are infertile with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (Uenoyama et al., 2015,
JNE) and that arcuate kisspeptin neurons (aka KNDy neurons), which co-express neurokinin
B (NKB) and dynorphin A (Dyn), generate GnRH pulses (Nagae, Uenoyama, et al., 2021,
PNAS). More specifically, rescuing KNDy neurons by transfecting Kiss1 gene into the arcuate
NKB cells recovered luteinizing hormone (LH) pulses and folliculogenesis in the global Kiss1
KO female rats. The profiles of LH pulses were largely dependent on the rescue rate of KNDy
neurons. Importantly, LH pulses/folliculogenesis were not rescued by transfecting Kiss1
outside the arcuate NKB neurons. Further, the majority of KNDy neurons express Gq-coupled
NK3 receptors for NKB and Gi-coupled κ-opioid receptors for Dyn. Thus, the most plausible
interpretation is that a stimulatory NKB and an inhibitory Dyn lead to the synchronized
KNDy neuronal activity to generate GnRH pulses in an autocrine/paracrine manner.
Keywords: GnRH pulse generator, kisspeptin, neurokinin B, dynorphin A

52

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

IS6

IS6-1

Animal Biotechnology

Pluripotency 3.0: current status of pluripotent
stem cell research in domestic animals
SH Kim1 and CK Lee1,21Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major,
Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University,
Seoul 08826, Korea, 2Designed Animal & Transplantation Research Institute,
Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University,
Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
leeck@snu.ac.kr

Dual fluorescent protein reporter systems controlled by the upstream regulatory region of
OCT4, which is one of the master regulators for pluripotency, are widely used in studies of themechanism of pluripotency. Because there was a lack of information about the porcine OCT4
upstream reporter system, we identified conserved regions in the porcine OCT4 promoter
upstream region by sequence-based comparative analysis using various mammalian genome
sequences to improve our understanding of the porcine OCT4 regulatory region. A large gap
was found in the Oct4 upstream region nucleotide sequence between mammalian species,
and a diifferences in expressions of fluorescent proteins can occur when Oct4 upstream
region-based reporter systems constructed from one species are inserted into another species.
Therefore, a porcine-specific reporter system is essential for porcine stem cell research. So,
we demonstrated that the porcine OCT4 enhancers were activated in different expression
patterns simultaneously as changes in the expression of pluripotent marker genes during
the establishment of porcine-induced pluripotent stem cells. And we examined the activity
and function of the pig OCT4 enhancer in the porcine early embryonic development stage
and porcine authentic embryonic stem cells. This work provides basic information about the
porcine OCT4 upstream region and various porcine OCT4 fluorescence reporter constructs
which may be applied to investigations of species-specific pluripotency in porcine-origin
cells. These reporter systems may be useful tools for studies of porcine-specific pluripotency,
early embryo development, and embryonic stem cells.
Keywords: OCT4, pig, reporter, stem cells				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

53

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS6-2

Mitochondrial dynamics, energy metabolism,
and mitochondrial fission genes in stem cells
Jeong Tae Do
Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute ofTechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
dojt@konkuk.ac.kr

Mitochondria, which play a role in energy metabolism, also regulate other cellular events,
including cell cycle, differentiation, and cell survival. In the cytoplasm, mitochondria
proliferate and dynamically change their morphology through fusion and fission; this iscalled mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondrial fusion is mediated by proteins encoded by
Mfn1, Mfn2, and Opa1, while mitochondrial fission is mediated by proteins encoded by Fis1
and Dmn1L. Mitochondrial shape varies depending on the cell types. Undifferentiated cells
usually contains globular shape of mitochondria and differentiated cells contains elongatedmitochondria. Therefore, during the differentiation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells(ESCs), the globular shape of mitochondria progressively changed to elongated shape. We
found that Mfn2/Dnm1L ratio was correlated with mitochondrial elongation during the ESC
differentiation. Next, we compared mitochondrial morphology and energy metabolism in thethree different stem cell types, such as ESCs, extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) cells, andtrophoblast stem cells (TSCs). Our results revealed that ESCs and TSCs share mitochondrial
characteristics, such as the mitochondrial morphology, energy metabolism, and the expression
profiles of mitochondria-related gene set, but differ from XEN cells. We further investigated
the function of mitochondria-fission related genes, such as Fis1, Mff, and Dnm1l. Using thehomozygous knockout ESC lines, namely, Fis1-/-, Mff-/-, and Dnm1l-/- ESCs, we found thatknockout of Dnml1 showed more significant change in the mitochondrial elongation, energy
metabolism, and ATP production compared with Fis1 and Mff.
Keywords: embryonic stem cells, extraembryonic stem cells, trophoblast stem cells, mitochondria,
energy metabolism, Dnm1l

54l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Asian-Australasian Association ofAnimal Production

August 24
Oral Presentaion

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP1

Non-ruminant Nutrition-1

Aug. 24, 10:30-12:00 / Halla (3F)

Chair. Jin Seong Park (Jeilfeed, Korea)
OP1-1
10:30-10:45

OP1-2
10:45-11:00

OP1-3
11:00-11:15

OP1-4
11:15-11:30
OP1-5
11:30-11:45

OP1-6
11:45-12:00

56

Trypsin inhibitor in fermented soybean meal products is negatively related to the
proportion of the low molecular weight peptide
JC Kim1, HM Lee2, YS Kim1, HH Yun1 and KH Chang3
1
 CJ Bio APAC, Bangkok, Thailand, 2CJ Bio, Seoul, Korea, 3CJ R&BD, Inno Center, Kwangkyo, Korea
 ostbiotic effects of amino acids with Corynebacterium glutamicum cell massP
replacing conventional crystalline amino acids on intestinal health and growth ofnursery pigs
Yi-Chi Cheng and Sung Woo Kim
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
Effect of enzyme cocktails and whole grain wheat in diets fed to broilers on growth
performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient utilization
JC Endaya, AB Magarro, KRC Sernande, V Salazar and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
Efficacy of Achyranthes japonica extract as phytogenic feed additive in broiler diet
S Sureshkumar, S Vetriselvi, CB Lim, KM Kim, M Md Hossain and IH Kim
Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
Effect of phytogenic feed additives Phyllanthus niruri Linn leaves powder andMelaleuca cajuput leaves powder on growth performance, carcass weight, andinternal organ weight of broiler chickens
Listya Purnamasari1,4, Melinda Erdya Krismaputri1, Yusup Sopian2, Joseph F. dela Cruz3
and Seong Gu Hwang4
1
Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember, 68121,
Indonesia, 2Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture Muhammadiyah Education
University of Sorong, West Papua, 98418, Indonesia, 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Universityof the Philippines, Los Banos, Philippines, 4Department of Animal Life and Environmental Science,
Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea
Live and heat-killed cells of probiotic Lactobacillus ingluviei C37 promote growth
performance, lysozyme activity, caecal microbial population and short chain fatty
acid production of broiler chickens
M Sirisopapong, S Okrathok and S Khempaka
Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailandl Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP2

Ruminant Nutrition-1

Aug. 24, 10:30-12:00 / Samda A (3F)

Chair. Minseok Kim (Chonnam National University, Korea)
OP2-1
10:30-10:45

OP2-2
10:45-11:00

OP2-3
11:00-11:15

OP2-4
11:15-11:30

OP2-5
11:30-11:45

OP2-6
11:45-12:00

Screening potential next-generation probiotics for promoting dairy cow’s health
ESW Lau1, JC Hsieh1, ST Chuang2 and MJ Chen1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
2
Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
 ffects of fermented sweet potato by-products added to lactating cow diets onElactation and blood traits
CH Huang and CP Wu
Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
Effects of dietary supplementation of CALMORIN® on growth performance, blood
characteristics, and noxious gas emission in Hanwoo steers
SH Kim1,2, L Purnamasari2,3, Cruz JF Dela2,4 and SG Hwang2
1
Central Research Institute of DAEHO CO., LTD, Hwaseong, Korea, 2Department of AnimalLife and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Departmentof Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia,
4
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Philippines
A meta-analysis of betaine effects on growth performance, milk production andcarcass traits of ruminantsArchana Abhijith1, Kristy DiGiacomo1, Surinder Chauhan1 and Frank Dunshea1,2
1Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC
3010, Australia, 2Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
Changes in milk production and components of milk in Holstein-Friesian x Sahiwal
at different stage of lactation
P Vong, RD Baconguis, JN Bautista, JB Poblete and AA Angeles
University of the Philippines Los Baňos, College, Laguna, Philippines
Performance, rumen fermentation and microbial population of Bali calves fed withsoybean oil calcium soap (SO-Ca)Sri Suharti1, Sidik Yono1, Dewi Kurniasari1, Lilis Khotijah1, Dewi Ayu Warmadewi2,
I. Gusti Lanang Oka Cakra2 and Komang Gede Wiryawan1
1
Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor
Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia,
2
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

57

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP3

Animal Product-1

Aug. 24, 10:30-12:00 / Samda B (3F)

Chair. Sooyeon Song (Jeonbuk National Univeristy, Korea)
OP3-1
10:30-10:45

OP3-2
10:45-11:00

OP3-3
11:00-11:15

OP3-5
11:15-11:30

OP3-6
11:30-11:45

58

Development of prediction model for porcine carcass traits based on nondestructive inspection method using estimated phenotypes
SW Lim, MJ Jang and JM Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
Chemical and sensory properties of cream cheese using microbial coagulant andrecombinant chymosin
RC Masa1, IG Sarmago2, MCR Oliveros1 and AM Tapia1,21Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines
Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines, 2Dairy Training and Research Institute,
College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños,
College, Laguna, Philippines
Multi-omics based functional analysis of bovine colostrum-derived extracellular
vesicles in DSS-induced colitis mice
DY Mun, SD Ryu, AN Kang, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee andYH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Generation of peptides fractions through enzymatic hydrolysis of meat byproducts
for therapeutic applications
MI Khan, M Saeed and MS Butt
National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Comparison of serum biochemical parameters, apoptotic factors, meat quality, andpalatability among meat quality classes of broiler pectoralis major muscle
B Lee, JY Kim and YM Choi
Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP4

Animal Reproduction & Physiology-1

Aug. 24, 10:30-12:00 / Rm. 303

Chair. Woo-Sung Kwon (Kyoungpook National University, Korea)
OP4-1
10:30-10:45

OP4-2
10:45-11:00

OP4-3
11:00-11:15
OP4-4
11:15-11:30

OP4-5
11:30-11:45

OP4-6
11:45-12:00

Effects of BPA, BPS, and BPF on stemness preservation of murine spermatogonial
stem cells
SH Kim, SH Shin, SM Kim, HJ Gu, SE Jung and BY Ryu
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, An-Seong 17546, Korea
 he prevalence of metritis and pathological ovaries in beef cattle in the Mekong
T
Delta of Vietnam
TH Diep1 and NT Ngu2
1
Tien Giang University, My Tho City, Tien Giang Province, Vietnam, 2Can Tho University,
Can Tho City, Vietnam
Serum metabolomic profile of early lactating Holstein dairy cows during heat stress
YP Naing, RA Valencia, MA Miguel, SC Ramos, SH Kim and SS Lee
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
High temperature affects porcine oocyte meiotic maturation via interruption oforganelle dynamics
Song-Hee Lee, Dongjie Zhou and Xiang-Shun Cui
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
Comparison of pregnancy outcome following various timed artificial insemination
schemes in post-partum dairy buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
EC Atabay1,2, EP Atabay2, FC dela Cruz2, RD Tadeo2, PJR Apolinario2 and AV Ferrer3
1
Philippine Carabao Center at CLSU, 2Reproduction and Physiology Section, Philippine Carabao
Center, National Headquarters, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3120, Philippines, 3Collegeof Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Bulacan Agricultural State College, San Ildefonso,
Bulacan 3010, Philippines
Impairment of fertilization capacity exposed to pesticide metabolites on boar
spermatozoa
Dilki AAI Adikari and ST Moon
Department of Agricultural Education, College of Education, Sunchon National University,
Suncheon 57922, Korea

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

59

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP5

Animal Microbiology-1

Aug. 24, 10:30-12:00 / Rm. 401

Chair. Hyeun Bum Kim (Dankook University, Korea)
OP5-1
10:30-10:45

OP5-2
10:45-11:00

OP5-3
11:00-11:15

OP5-4
11:15-11:30

OP5-5
11:30-11:45

OP5-6
11:45-12:00

60

Longitudinal study of the intestinal microbiome of growing laying hens
S Choi, J Park, B Xuan and EB Kim
Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University,
Chuncheon, Korea
 ptimizing the cryoprotectant mixture to enhance the viability of LacticaseibacillusOrhamnosus ATCC 7469
K Kim1, S Rheem2 and S Oh1
1
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea, 2School of Big
Data Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
Efficacy of collected probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum after long-term preservation
on growth performance and hemagglutination inhibition titer in broilers
S Chalorsuntisakul and C Kasornpikul
Silpakorn University, Petcha Buri, Thailand
The metabolites of Latilactobacillus curvatus BYB3 and indole activate the arylhydrocarbon receptor and attenuate LPS- induced intestinal barrier function
X Wang, Z Meng, G Choi and S Oh
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
Neuroprotective impact of Bacillus spp. in Caenorhabditis elegans and intestinal
dysbiosis mice model via gut-brain networks
AN Kang, DY Mun, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee, SD Ryu
and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Interrogating the bovine vaginal microbiome using an efficient pipeline formicrobiome sequencing
CT Ong1, EM Ross1, G Boe-Hansen2, C Turni1, BJ Hayes1, G Fordyce1 and AE Tabor1,3
1
University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Centre forAnimal Science, Queensland 4072, Australia, 2University of Queensland, School of Veterinary
Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland 4072, Australia, 3The University of Queensland, School ofChemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Queensland 4072, Australial Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP6

Animal Breeding and Genetics-1

Aug. 24, 10:30-12:00 / Rm. 402

Chair. Donghyun Shin (Jeonbuk National University, Korea)
OP6-1
10:30-10:45

OP6-3
10:45-11:00

OP6-4
11:00-11:15

OP6-5
11:15-11:30

OP6-6
11:30-11:45

Identification of epigenetic regulatory mechanism in porcine abdominal adipose
tissue during growth period through transcriptome and DNA methylome integration
analysis
DY Kim and JM Kim
Animal Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Animal Science andTechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea
Imputed whole-genome sequence-based association study and biological pathway
analysis for identification of positional candidate genes affecting basophil trait inYorkshire pigs
Yu-Ju Lee1, Chan-Hyung Kim1, Kyu-Sang Lim1, Bong-Ki Kim1, Ji-Hyuk Kim1, Jae-Bong Lee2,
Cedric Gondro3 and Hee-Bok Park1
1
Department of Animal Reources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea,
2
Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea,
3
Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1225, USA
Low genetic diversity of Malaysian indigenous goat breed and strategies towards
conservation: a scoping review
MA Ernie Muneerah1,2, MT Nur Aida3, MS Salisi4, Z Shahrizim5, A Mohd Hafizal2 and K
Mamat Hamidi1,3
1Institut of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia,
2
Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industries, Putrajaya,
Malaysia, 3Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
Selangor, Malaysia, 4Department of Veterinary Preclinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, 5Department of Biology, Faculty of
Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Preliminary estimates of genetic parameters and correlations between real-time
ultrasound scan measurements and growth traits in Philippine Riverine buffaloes
EB Flores and E Bacual
Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija
Philippines
Integrated time-serial transcriptome networks based on lncRNA and mRNAinteraction in multiple tissues reveal lncRNA-mediated viral host responses to
PRRSV infection
B Lim1, KT Lee2, WI Kim3 and JM Kim1
1
Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Lab., Department of Animal Science and Technology,
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea, 2Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National
Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Korea, 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National
University, Iksan, Korea

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

61

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP7

Non-ruminant Nutrition-2

Aug. 24, 16:30-18:00 / Halla (3F)

Chair. Jaecheol Jang (Gyeongsang National University, Korea)
OP7-1
16:30-16:45

OP7-2
16:45-17:00

OP7-3
17:00-17:15

OP7-4
17:15-17:30

OP7-5
17:30-17:45

OP7-6
17:45-18:00

62

Development of prediction equations for apparent metabolizable energy anddigestible amino acid concentration in soybean meal fed to broilers
RNR Reyes and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
Effect of dietary guanidinoacetic acid supplementation on the growth performance,
carcass characteristics, intestinal morphology, and digestibility in broiler chickens
fed plant-based diets with varying levels of metabolizable energy
AG Cayamanda, OD Abanto, NN Fajardo, JB Poblete and AA Angeles
University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
Effects of supplemental multi-emulsifiers on broiler growth performance andnutrient digestibility
EO Oketch, JS Hong, YB Kim, SR Nawarathne, M Yu and JM Heo
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
Effect of various triticale inclusion levels on broiler growth parameters: a meta-analysis
JIC Poaty Ditengou, SB Cho, BH Chae, YR Cho, IH Cheon, MG Jeon, YJ Mun, EG Jeong
and NJ Choi
Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
Functional and nutritional values of lysed Corynebacterium glutamicum fromamino acid production: postbiotic effects on intestinal health of nursery pigs
Yi-Chi Cheng, Marcos Elias Duarte and Sung Woo Kim
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
Nutrient utilization of soybean meal products by pigs based on in vitro assays
J Son, YS Song, SB Yoo and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP8

Ruminant Nutrition-2

Aug. 24, 16:30-18:00 / Samda A (3F)

Chair. Ki Yong Chung (Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Korea)
OP8-1
16:30-16:45

OP8-2
16:45-17:00

OP8-3
17:00-17:15

OP8-4
17:15-17:30

OP8-5
17:30-17:45

OP8-6
17:45-18:00

Characterization of heat stress and recovery using indicators of blood and milk
metabolomics in early lactating Holstein cows
JH Jo1, J Ghassemi Nejad1, JS Lee1, HR Kim2, NG Park2 and HG Lee1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Korea, 2Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute ofAnimal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea
Reproductive performance and lamb survival of ewe fed flushing diet contain EPA
DHA from lemuru oil
A Nurlatifah1, L Khotijah1, RI Arifiantini1, MS Maidin2 and DA Astuti1
1
IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, 2Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
The effect of Spirulina platensis supplementation on the carcase characteristics,
meat quality and fatty acid profile of Omani goats
F Al-Yahyaey1,2, W Al-Marzooqi3, I Shaat4,5, O Al-Qaisi3, M Smith2, J Al-Sabahi6 and RD Bush2
1
Ministry of Agriculture Wealth, Fisheries and Water Resources, Rumais- Sultanate of Oman,
2
University of Sydney, Camden- Australia, 3Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman,
4
Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, Al Koudh, Sultanate of Oman,
5
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt,
6
Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
Novel endolysin PanLys.1 exhibited antibacterial activity against
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius
JB Moon, HB Kim and JK Seo
Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
Sustainable rice straw management practices and technologies for ruminant fodderin the Philippines
AN Del Barrio1, DL Aquino2, CI Castillo2, KR Managa2, EG San Andres2 and CP Baltazar2
1
University of the Philippines Los Baños Laguna, Philippines, 2Department of AgriculturePhilippine Carabao Center, Philippines
Low moisture feed licks affect in vitro ruminal foam formation but not gas
production
Chernet Woju, Vinod Suresh, Mark Oliver, Jagir Hussan, Amanda Chow and Aliah Abdul
Auckland Bioengineering Institute (University of Auckland), Auckland, New Zealand				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

63

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP9

Animal Health-1Aug. 24, 16:30-18:00 / Samda B (3F)

Chair. Myunghoo Kim (Pusan National University, Korea)
OP9-1
16:30-16:45

OP9-2
16:45-17:00

OP9-3
17:00-17:15

OP9-5
17:15-17:30

OP9-6
17:30-17:45

64

Effects of Sauerkraut crystalline salt to replace salt in animal feed on growth
performance and blood properties of animals
CP Wu1, JM Li1, HZ Huang1 and SW Ho2
1
Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan,
2
Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
An insight regarding the subtleties of early diagnostic markers for detection of
production diseases during transition period in buffaloes
S Kour1, N Sharma1, S Kour1 and AK Pathak2
1
Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & AH, Sher-e-Kashmir Universityof Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, India, 2Division of Animal
Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & AH, Sher-e-Kashmir University ofAgricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, India
Heat detection of gilts using digital infrared thermal imaging camera
V Chem1, HS Mun1,2, KMB Ampode1, MA Dilawar1,3,
IB Chung1, S Mahfuz1, YH Kim4 and CJ Yang1,31
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 3Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System(BK21 Plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
Profiling intestinal transcriptome and fecal microbiome response to oral
administration with Lactococcus lactis IL1403 cell extracts containing mouse
RANKL
B Xuan and EB Kim
Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National
University, Chuncheon, Korea
Detection of infectious agents causing calf diarrhea on dairy farms in Korea
MA Miguel, SH Kim, YP Naing, YI Cho and SS Lee
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP10 Animal Reproduction & Physiology-2

Aug. 24, 16:30-18:00 / Rm. 303

Chair. Heewon Seo (Texa A&M University, USA)
OP10-1
16:30-16:45

OP10-2
16:45-17:00
OP10-3
17:00-17:15

OP10-4
17:15-17:30

OP10-5
17:30-17:45

Differential gene expression in ovarian follicle and uterine endometrium in related
to fertility of repeat-breeder dairy cows
P Yama1, NV Linh1,4, N Montha1, HV Doan1,4, C Lumsangkul1,4, N Promsao1, M Sangkate1, A
Suriard1, J Jitjumnong5, R Maktrirat2, J Panatuk3, PC Tang5,6, CK Wang5 and T Moonmanee1,41Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Faculty of Animal Scienceand Technology, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 4Innovative Agriculture ResearchCenter, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 5Department of
Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, 6The iEGG and Animal
Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
E2F4 regulates cell cycle in porcine embryonic development
Wen-Jie Jiang and Xiang-Shun Cui
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
Expression and regulation of complements and complement control proteins at thematernal-conceptus interface in pigs
Soohyung Lee, Inkyu Yoo, Yugyeong Cheon and Hakhyun Ka
Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
Comparison of various cooling methods and their influence on performance andcortisol accumulation in heat-stressed sows
Habeeb Tajudeen1, SangHun Ha1, Jun Young Mun1, SeRin Park1, Yo Han Choi2 andJinSoo Kim1
1
Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341,
Korea, 2Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan 31000, Korea
Overview of lncRNA & mRNA annotation throughout swine estrous cycle in
reproductive tissues
YB Park, B Lim and JM Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP11 Animal Biotechnology-1

Aug. 24, 16:30-18:00 / Rm. 401

Chair. Ki-Duk Song (Jeonbuk National University, Korea)
OP11-1
16:30-16:45

OP11-2
16:45-17:00

OP11-3
17:00-17:15

OP11-4
17:15-17:30
OP11-5
17:30-17:45

OP11-6
17:45-18:00

66

Effects of vitamin A and vitamin D on myoblast fusion and myogenic differentiationin the stromal vascular cell derived from Korean native cattle
JH Lee1, DQ Peng2, XG Jin1, BM Kim1, JS Park1 and HG Lee1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Science, Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science, Jilin
University, 5333 Xi’an Road Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130062, P.R. China
Effect of SoRegen Technology® water on the immune and inflammatory response ofchicken PBMCJF Dela Cruz1,2, L Purnamasari2,3, DB Lee4, HA Song2, JS Kim2, IS Nam2 and SG Hwang2
1
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 2Departmentof Animal Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea,
3
Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember 68121,
Indonesia, 4Research Council of SoRegen Convergence Science, Seoul, Korea
Formation of chicken muscle fiber on decellularized celery scaffold for cultured
meat production
TK Hong1,2 and JT Do1,2
1
Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology,
Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea, 23D Tissue Culture Research Center,
Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
Milk replacer containing BSF for different kinds of goat kid: meat and dairy type
DA Astuti1, D Yulistiani2, A Tarigan2, N Fikriyah1 and SNL Nabawi1
1
IPB University, Indonesia, 2Animal Research Centre, Bogor, Indonesia
Effects of yeast hydrolysate on the differentiation of Hanwoo beef cattle stromal
vascular cells
SH Kim1,4, JF Dela Cruz2,4, L Purnamasari3,4 and SG Hwang4
1
Central Research Institute of DAEHO CO., LTD, Hwaseong, Korea, 2College of Veterinary
Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 3Department of Animal Husbandry,
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia, 4Department of AnimalLife and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea
Signaling pathway of melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) for the
immune response against RNA ligands in chicken DF1 cell
SP Shin1, SE Kim1, IS Ha1, GH Kim2, HJ Ryu2 and TS Park1,2
1
Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354,
Korea, 2Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology,
Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP12 Animal Breeding and Genetics-2

Aug. 24, 16:30-18:00 / Rm. 402

Chair. Chan-Kyu Park (Konkuk University, Korea)
OP12-1
16:30-16:45
OP12-2
16:45-17:00

OP12-3
17:00-17:15

OP12-4
17:15-17:30

OP12-5
17:30-17:45

OP12-6
17:45-18:00

A study on GWAS analysis of teat number traits in pigs
Jun Park, Chong-Sam Na, Kyung-Do Park and Hak-Kyo Lee
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
Genome-wide association study on free amino acid and nucleotide components ofbreast meat in F2 crossbred chicken population
MJ Kim1, EJ Cho1, JH Cha2, DH Jin3 and JH Lee1
1
Chungnam National University, Deajeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science,
Wanju, Korea, 3National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea
Identification of transcriptome profiling and biological changes of endocrine
system treatment in mouse by Bisphenol-A
SM Oh, Y Park and JM Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
A case-control genome-wide association study of eumelanin pigmentation inchicken plumage
SY Heo1, JH Park1, JH Cha2, DH Jin3 and JH Lee1
1
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science,
Wanju, Korea, 3National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea
Identification of complement factor H related 5 gene and its association with meat
quality, carcass characteristics, and retail meat cut in sheep
A Gunawan1, K Listyarini1, A Yudhananda1, K Roosita2 and C Sumantri1
1
Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University,
Bogor, Indonesia, 2Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB
University, Bogor, Indonesia
In-silico homology-based modelling of an MHC class I molecule in Korean nativechicken
TK Ediriweera1, MJ Kim2, EJ Cho1 and JH Lee1,21Department of Bio-AI Convergence, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University,
Daejeon, Korea, 2Division of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences,
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP1-1

Trypsin inhibitor in fermented soybean meal products isnegatively related to the proportion of the
low molecular weight peptide
JC Kim1, HM Lee2, YS Kim1, HH Yun1 and KH Chang3
1

CJ Bio APAC, Bangkok, Thailand, 2CJ Bio, Seoul, Korea, 3CJ R&BD, Inno Center, Kwangkyo, Korea
jaecheol.kim@cj.net

The objective of this study was to investigate whether the intensity of protein break-down to the low molecularweight (LMW) peptide during the microbial fermentation process of soybean meal is correlated with thedestruction of antinutritional factors in the soybean meal. The hypothesis tested in this study was that increasing the
proportion of the LMW peptide in the fermented soybean meal (FSBM) will proportionally decrease antinutritional
factors. A total of 67 FSBM samples were collected over 7 years and analysed the degree of protein hydrolysis bygel permeation chromatography, and trypsin inhibitor by SDS-PAGE and image scanner. Data were analysed using
R software (version 4.1.2) and the data were fitted to broken-line regression models. The proportion of LMW
peptides (%≤30 kDa) showed a negative linear-plateau relationship. A broken-line regression analysis showed that
FSBM containing below 30.4% of LMW peptide (breakpoint: 30.4% LMW peptide and trypsin inhibitor 0.99%)
linearly increased trypsin inhibitor content at 0.0842 mg trypsin inhibitor per 1% reduction in LMW peptide (Trypsin
inhibitor = (-0.0842×LMW peptide)+3.5477, where LMW peptide ≤30.4%). Interestingly, after the breakpoint,
trypsin inhibitor content is continuously reduced at a much slower rate than before the breakpoint as LWM peptide
content is increased (Trypsin inhibitor = (-0.0067×LMW peptide)+1.1926, where LMW peptide >30.4%) (Figure1). In conclusion, the hypothesis was partly supported and trypsin inhibitor content in the FSBM is an importantparameter reflecting the degree of peptide breakdown during the Bacillus spp. fermentation process.
Keywords: fermented soybean meal, low molecular weight peptide, trypsin inhibitor

Figure 1. Relationship between the proportion of LMW peptide and trypsin inhibitor content in fermented soybean meal.

68

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP1-2

Postbiotic effects of amino acids with Corynebacterium
glutamicum cell mass replacing conventional crystalline
amino acids on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs
Yi-Chi Cheng and Sung Woo Kim
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
ycheng22@ncsu.edu

The objective was to evaluate postbiotic effects of amino acids with Corynebacterium glutamicum cell mass
(AACM) replacing conventional crystalline amino acids (CAA) on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs.
AACM used in this study are Lys, Thr, and Val including Corynebacterium glutamicum cell mass (CGCM) usedin the production of those amino acids. Purity of these Lys, Thr, and Val are 76, 80, and 70%, respectively. Sixteen
nursery pigs (21 d of age; initial BW of 7.1 ± 0.4 kg, n=8) were housed individually and allotted to 2 treatments
based on a randomized complete block design. Diets included either crystalline Lys, Thr, and Val or those with
CGCM and fed for 14 d until pigs reach 11 kg BW. Use of AACM provided 0.52% CGCM in the diet. Growth
performance, blood cell counts, and intestinal health parameters were measured. Pigs fed diet with AACM had
reduced (p < 0.05) TNF-α and tendency of reduced IL-6 (p = 0.062) and protein carbonyl (p = 0.02) in the jejunal
mucosa, whereas they had increased (p < 0.05) IgA and a tendency of increased (p = 0.068) IgG in the jejunal
mucosa compared with pigs fed a diet with CAA. Growth performance and blood cell counts were not influenced
after the 14 d feeding period. In conclusion, use of amino acids with cell mass replacing conventional crystalline
amino acids affected intestinal health by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers. There are possible
postbiotic roles of Corynebacterium glutamicum cell mass warranting independent investigations.
Keywords: amino acids, biomass, intestinal health, nursery pigs

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OP1-3

Effect of enzyme cocktails and whole grain wheat indiets fed to broilers on growth performance,
carcass characteristics and nutrient utilization
JC Endaya, AB Magarro, KRC Sernande, V Salazar and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
visalazar@up.edu.phTwo experiments were conducted to determine the effect of enzyme cocktails and whole grain wheat on growth
performance, carcass characteristics and excreta quality (Exp. 1) and nutrient and energy utilization (Exp. 2) ofbroilers. In Exp. 1, 432 day-old Cobb 500 broilers were randomly allocated to 6 treatments using a randomized
complete block design. Each treatment had 6 replicates with 12 birds each. Two sets of positive control diets were
formulated, a corn-soybean meal (PC1) and corn-wheat-soybean meal-based diets (PC2). The other treatments
included two negative control diets having less ME, AA and P (NC1 and NC2) and two negative control dietswith enzyme cocktail supplementation (Paleozyme C was added to NC1 and Paleozyme W for NC2). Groundwheat was added to phase 1 and 2 diets at 10% while 20% whole grain wheat was added to phase 3 diets. Growth
performance and carcass characteristics of broilers were not improved when enzyme cocktails were supplemented
in either of the NC diets. Chickens fed with whole grain wheat had greater (p<0.05) final BW than those fed withcorn-soy diets. In Exp. 2, 32 male Cobb 500 broilers were randomly allocated to four treatments and individuallyplaced in metabolic cages for total excreta collection. Diets were a corn-soy diet, corn-soy diet with enzyme
cocktail (Paleozyme C), wheat-soy diet and wheat soy diet supplemented with enzyme cocktail (Paleozyme W).
There were 8 replicates per treatment. Digestibility of P, GE and AMEn were not significantly affected by enzyme
cocktails and cereal grain source. In conclusion, enzyme cocktails did not improve production performance andenergy utilization of broilers when fed diets with reduced energy, amino acids and P. Whole grain wheat in thefinisher period may improve growth performance of broiler chickens.
Keywords: enzyme cocktail, whole wheat, growth performance, digestibility, broilers

70

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP1-4

Efficacy of Achyranthes japonica extract as
phytogenic feed additive in broiler diet
S Sureshkumar, S Vetriselvi, CB Lim, KM Kim, M Md Hossain and IH Kim
Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
sureshbiogenetic@gmail.com

Achyranthes japonica is mainly used in traditional medicine as it contains multiple bioactive components such assaponins, triterpenoids, phytoecdysteroids, 20-Hydroxyecdysone, and inokosterone. Thus, we intend to analyze
the effects of Achyranthes japonica extract (AJE) phytogenic in-feed additive on growth performance, nutrient
utilization, cecal microbiota, excreta noxious gas emission, meat quality, and relative organ weight in broilers.
A total of 360, 1d old mixed sex Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: corn-wheatsoybean meal-basal diet along with 0, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06% of AJE. This experiment was divided into: Phase 1(d1to 7), Phase 2(d 8 to 21), and Phase 3(d 22 to 35) with 5 replicates and 18 birds per cage. Experimental data wasanalyzed using GLM procedure of SAS with cage was as an experimental unit. Daily gain was linearly (p < 0.05)
improved by the supplementation of AJE during phase 1 and 2, and the overall experiment. While, feed intake waslinearly increased during phase 3 and the overall trail period with the increased AJE doses in broiler diet. At theend of the experiment, the digestibility of dry matter was linearly (p < 0.05) improved in broiler fed AJE diet. At
the same time, nitrogen and energy utilization tended to increase in response to increasing AJE supplementation.
The inclusion of AJE in the corn-soybean meal diet started to improve growth performance by increasing nutrient
utilization through the AJE supplementation, which confirmed the applicability of AJE as a phytogenic feed
additive in broilers.
Keywords: broiler, growth performance, cecal microbiota, meat quality.

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP1-5

Effect of phytogenic feed additives Phyllanthus niruri Linn
leaves powder and Melaleuca cajuput leaves powder on
growth performance, carcass weight, and internal organ
weight of broiler chickens
Listya Purnamasari1,4, Melinda Erdya Krismaputri1, Yusup Sopian2,
Joseph F. dela Cruz3 and Seong Gu Hwang4
1

Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember, 68121,
Indonesia, 2Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture Muhammadiyah Education
University of Sorong, West Papua, 98418, Indonesia, 3College of Veterinary Medicine, University of
the Philippines, Los Banos, Philippines, 4Department of Animal Life and Environmental Science,
Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea
sghwang@hknu.ac.kr

The utilization of medicinal plants as feed additives can be used as alternative antibiotics to optimize growth,
livestock productivity, and livestock health. Phyllanthus niruri Linn and Melaleuca cajuput have been well known
as medicinal plants containing antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. This study aims to determine the effectof giving phytogenic feed additives in the form of ether extracted powder on growth performance and internalorgan weight in the broilers. In a total of 80, 1-day old broiler chickens mixed-sex were randomly distributed
into 4 treatments in 16 pens with 4 pens per each treatment, 5 birds per pen were fed each experimental diet as
below for 21 days. The dietary treatments were including a diet with antibiotics (control), a diet with P. niruri
Linn leaves powder 2%, a diet with M. cajuput leaves powder 2%, and a diet with 1% P. niruri Linn leaves
powder + 1 % M. cajuput leaves powder. Daily body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were notsignificantly influenced by the feed additive. The average weights of the carcass, liver, heart, spleen, duodenum,
jejunum, ileum, colon, proventriculus and ventriculus were not significantly affected by the feed additive but thebursa weight increased significantly (p<0.05) by the feed additive. In conclusion, supplementation of a powderedphytogenic feed additive has the same effect on growth performance, carcass, and internal organ weight compared
to commercial antibiotics. The combination of phytogenic feed additives improved health by increasing the weightof the bursa fabricius.
Keywords: phytogenic, growth performance, organ weight, chickens

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP1-6

Live and heat-killed cells of probiotic Lactobacillus ingluviei
C37 promote growth performance, lysozyme activity,
caecal microbial population and short chain fatty acidproduction of broiler chickens
M Sirisopapong, S Okrathok and S Khempaka
Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
Merisa_siri@hotmail.com

The use of antibiotics as a growth promoter is now banned, increasing the risk of pathogenic infections, healthproblems, and growth reduction in broilers. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are one of the probiotics that have beenused as an alternative to antibiotics in the livestock industry. This study aimed to investigate the potential of
live and heat killed cells of L. ingluviei C37 (LIC37) that we isolated from intestinal tract of chickens on growth
performance, carcass quality, serum lysozyme, cecal microbial population, SCFA and ammonia production. Fourdietary treatments consisted of basal diets (control), basal diets supplemented with 50 mg bacitracin/kg diet (positive
control, PC), live and heat killed cells of LIC37 at levels of 108 CFU/kg. At 21 and 42 days of age, chickens were
killed by cervical dislocation, the digesta contents of the ceca were collected for chemical analysis. The result
showed a beneficial effect of live and heat killed cells of LIC37 on the improvement of BW gain compared to thecontrol. However, there were no significant differences in carcass characteristics, visceral organs, and meat quality(p>0.05). It is interesting to note that the LIC37 in both live and heat killed cells can increase serum lysozyme andbutyric acid, and reduce ammonia production. In addition, LIC37 also increased the population of cecal LAB and
Bifidobacterium spp., and decreased Enterobacter spp. and E. coli. This study indicates that the LIC37 in both live
and heat kill cells can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in broiler diets.
Keywords: broiler, gut health, Lactobacillus, probiotic				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l73

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP2-1

Screening potential next-generation probiotics forpromoting dairy cow’s health
ESW Lau1, JC Hsieh1, ST Chuang2 and MJ Chen1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
2
Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
r10626026@ntu.edu.tw

Calf diarrhea and dairy cow mastitis are widespread problems among dairy farms and a major cause of economic
loss. Our previous studies found that Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum was a microbial biomarker in healthy
calves as compared with diarrhea calves. Additionally, we also demonstrated that Ruminococcus flavefaciens andB. longum subsp. longum were significantly higher in healthy dairy cows than that in mastitis counterparts. Thus,
B. longum subsp. longum might be potential probiotics for promoting dairy cows’ health. In the present study, we
isolated identified B. longum subsp. longum from the healthy preruminant calves and evaluated their functionalities
in vitro. First, 40 isolates were obtained from the feces of the preruminant calves using MRS medium and theHarrison disc method. After Gram staining and microscopic observation, nine Gram-positive isolates with similar
phenotypic characteristics as compared with the type strain B. longum subsp. longum (BCRC14664). The results ofthe comparative 16S rRNA gene analysis showed that seven isolates shared 97% similarity with B. longum subsp.
longum. All seven strains showed antagonistic effects against Bacillus cereus. Four strains inhibited the growthof Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The results of immunoregulatory
effects, after LPS treatment, all isolated strains could significantly inhibit the levels of TNF-α compared with LPS
control (PC) (p < 0.05). For regulatory cytokines, IL-10, four strains could significantly stimulate the levels w/wo
LPS treatment compared with the LPS group. In the future, the isolated strains could be used as feed additives topromote dairy cows’ health.
Keywords: dairy cow, next-generation probiotics, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum

74

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP2-2

Effects of fermented sweet potato by-products added tolactating cow diets on lactation and blood traits
CH Huang and CP Wu
Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
Hank99p@gmail.com

Feeding nonhuman edible agro-industrial by-products as a substitute or extra diet in ruminants can effectively
reduce feed costs. Sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) contain richly and rapidly digestible starch andpolysaccharides that are good sources of energy for ruminants. This study aim was investigated that effect ofadding fermented sweet potato by-products to total mixed ration (TMR) on milk yield, milk composition and blood
properties of lactating cows. Firstly, the B. subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and yeast were mixed into the sweet potato
by-products and used anaerobic fermentation to make the pH lowered to approximately 3.5 for three months.
Second, 16 Holstein cows averaged 644 kg live body weight, 214±129 average lactation period, 1.93±1.0 parity
were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The control group was feeding the basal diet (TMR),
however, the experimental groups were feeding the basal diet mixed 3 kg/head/day fermented sweet potato byproducts for 21 days. In addition, this study was used cross over designs to perform in overall experiment. The
results showed that the addition of fermented sweet potato by-products did not affect the milk yield, the ratio of
milk fat and milk protein and blood parameters. In conclusion, adding 3 kg/head/day fermented sweet potato byproducts to lactating cows do not further affect milk performance and blood properties.
Key words: fermented sweet potato, by-products, total mixed ration, blood properties				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal ProductionOP2-3

Effects of dietary supplementation of CALMORIN® on
growth performance, blood characteristics, andnoxious gas emission in Hanwoo steers
SH Kim1,2, L Purnamasari2,3, Cruz JF Dela2,4 and SG Hwang2
1

Central Research Institute of DAEHO CO., LTD, Hwaseong, Korea, 2Department of Animal Lifeand Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Department of
Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia, 4College
of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Philippines
listyap.faperta@unej.ac.id

CALMORIN® is a feed additive composed of calcium-binding peptide and yeast hydrolysate. The objective of
the 6-month-long study was to evaluate the effect of CALMORIN® supplementation on the growth performanceof Hanwoo steers. In the present study, 27 Hanwoo steers (7-8 months old, body weight: 249 ± 1.03 kg) wererandomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments (9 calves per group, 3 calves per pen): control, 0.1% CALMORIN®,
and 0.3% CALMORIN®. CALMORIN® was added by top dressing onto the total mixed ratio (TMR) diet. No
significant differences were observed upon supplementation of CALMORIN® in the growth performance (total
weight gain, average daily gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency). But the supplementation of 0.1% CALMORIN®
has a higher body weight gain and final body weight compared to other treatments. Although not significant,there is an increasing tendency in plasma insulin and dopamine concentration with the supplementation of
CALMORIN®. The production of ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and mercaptans were significantly
lower (p < 0.05) in the manure of Hanwoo steers supplemented with CALMORIN® compared with the control
group. Overall, the result of this study suggests that the supplementation of CALMORIN® 0.01% may improve thegrowth performance and reduce noxious gas emissions in Hanwoo steers.
Keywords: CALMORIN®, growth performance, noxious gas emission, hanwoo steers

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP2-4

A meta-analysis of betaine effects on growth performance,
milk production and carcass traits of ruminantsArchana Abhijith1, Kristy DiGiacomo1, Surinder Chauhan1 and Frank Dunshea1,2
1Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010,
Australia, 2Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
fdunshea@unimelb.edu.au

Objective:
The current study aimed to investigate the effects of betaine supplementation (Bet) on the production performance,
milk production and composition and carcass traits of ruminants by using meta-analysis.
Materials and Methods:
A comprehensive search for published studies on cattle investigating the effect of Bet, was performed using Google
Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Forest plots, funnel plots, and other statistical tests wereused to analyze the results of the 31 studies identified.
Results:
The increase in final body weight (FBW) due to Bet was equivalent to 2.3 g (p<0.05), 5.5 g (p<0.05) and 0.14
g (p<0.01) in growing, lactating cattle and small ruminants, respectively. Betaine increased dry matter intake(DMI) increased in lactating cattle under themoneutral and heat stress (HS) conditions by 0.5 kg and 0.2 kg/day(p<0.05), respectively. Increase in hot carcass weight (HCW) (0=0.17) and fat thickness at 12th rib (p<0.001) wereequivalent to 3 kg and 1 mm gain in Bet large ruminants. Milk yield improved in Bet group (p<0.001), equivalent
to 1 kg and 0.5 kg in large and small ruminants respectively. During HS, Bet cattle showed a gain of around 1 kg/d
more than the control. Milk lactose % was higher in dairy cattle fed dietary Bet(p<0.01).
Conclusion:
The current meta-analysis showed the positive impact of betaine supplementation on final body weight, dry matterintake of ruminants during thermoneutral and HS conditions. Dietary Bet also increased milk yield in lactating
dairy cows during thermoneutral and HS conditions
Keywords: nutrition, cattle, production, betaine				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP2-5

Changes in milk production and components of milk in
Holstein-Friesian x Sahiwal at different stage of lactation
P Vong, RD Baconguis, JN Bautista, JB Poblete and AA Angeles
University of the Philippines Los Baňos, College, Laguna, Philippines
jbpoblete2@up.edu.phDairy farmers need to produce high quality and quantity of milk to attain optimal income and ensure food safety.
Evaluating the changes in the milk yield and quality during the lactation would guide dairy farmers in doing
the necessary adjustments in the feeding and management of animals. This study was conducted to identify thechanges in the milk production and components during the early and mid-stages of lactation in Holstein-Friesian ×
Sahiwal cows. Feed and milk samples were collected from eight cows every 28 days from 14 days post-calving to
210 days of lactation. The amount of roughage grazed daily was estimated using the quadrat method. The results
revealed that cows reached peak milk production at 6 to 10 weeks postpartum and started to decrease until the endof the mid-stage (30 weeks postpartum). Fat concentration was high (3.25±0.29%) at the beginning of lactation
then decreased (2.77±0.34%) from the 6th to the 10th week but tends to rise (2.89±0.54%) again until the end of
mid-stage. Protein concentration was more stable than fat throughout the observation period. Gamma- and kapacasein, ß-lactoglobulin, and ß-lactalbumin were higher during mid-lactation. Since milk yield and milk components
vary across lactation periods, farmers could separate milk from the early stage and mid-stage of lactation to apply
appropriate pricing. Moreover, the findings will guide dairy farmers in the estimation of feed regimentation in
relation to changes in milk volume and components in tropical settings.
Keywords: milk fat, milk protein, lactation, Holstein-Friesian × Sahiwal cow

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Animal Science Congress

OP2-6

Performance, rumen fermentation and microbial populationof Bali calves fed with soybean oil calcium soap (SO-Ca)Sri Suharti1, Sidik Yono1, Dewi Kurniasari1, Lilis Khotijah1, Dewi Ayu Warmadewi2,
I. Gusti Lanang Oka Cakra2 and Komang Gede Wiryawan1
1

Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor
Agricultural University), Jl. Agatis Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia,
2
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
sri_suharti@apps.ipb.ac.id

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Soybean oil calcium soap (SO-Ca) on rumen fermentation characteristics,
microbial population, and performance of Bali's calves. Eighteen calves (124 ± 25.0 kg, approximately 11 mo ofage) were divided into three treatment groups of six replications, each using a randomized block design. Treatments
included: 70% forage + 30% concentrate (T0); 70% forage + 25% concentrate + 5% SO-Ca (T1); and 70%
forage + 20% concentrate + 10% SO-Ca (T2). Recorded variables included rumen pH, volatile fatty acids (VFA)
production, ammonia (NH3) concentrations, methane estimations, body weight gains, and feed efficiency. The dataobtained were analyzed using analysis of variance, and the significant differences among treatments were further
analyzed using the Tukey Test. The results showed that the addition of SO-Ca up to 10% in the ration decreased (p≤ 0.01) total protozoa, but did not affect the total bacterial population. Propionate proportion increased (p=0.03),
and NH3 concentration tends to increase (p=0.10). In contrast, the addition of SO-Ca up to 10% decreased the
proportion of acetate (p=0.045), butyrate (p=0.03), C2/C3 ratio (p=0.02) and tend to decrease valerate (p=0.1) andmethane estimation (p=0.06). Rumen pH, total VFA production, total ration intake, body weight gain, and feed
efficiency, were similar among treatments. It can be concluded that the addition of SO-Ca has beneficial effects on
rumen fermentation, especially in the improvement of propionate proportions and reduction in methane estimation.
Keywords: Bali calf, fermentation, rumen microbial, soybean oil calcium soap

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OP3-1

Development of prediction model for porcine carcass traits
based on non-destructive inspection method
using estimated phenotypes
SW Lim, MJ Jang and JM Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
sw8333@cau.ac.kr

As pork consumption increases, the correct judgment at abattoirs has become critical. The introduction of the
VCS2000 non-destructive inspection method has improved the slaughtering efficiency of the abattoir. In addition,
the development of a calibration formula applied to the non-destructive inspection method in consideration ofdomestic pig breeds led to rapid determination of porcine carcasses and more objective pig grade determination. To
increase the efficiency of pig slaughter, the correct estimation of the automated method that can accommodate theexisting porcine carcass judgment should be made. In this study, we verified the previously developed calibration
equation to confirm whether the estimated traits accord with the measured traits of the porcine carcass. A totalof 1,069,019 pigs were used to which the developed calibration formula was applied. The optimal regression
equation for the two measured traits (carcass weight and backfat thickness) was proposed using the 46 estimatedphenotypes. In the estimated regression model through stepwise regression analysis considering the effects ofabattoir, sex, and season, the accuracy of carcass weight and backfat thickness traits were 0.980 (R2) and 0.840 (R2),
respectively. The carcass weight was sufficiently predicted as the top three estimated traits, shoulder weight, loin
weight, and front weight. The backfat thickness was predicted as the backfat thickness, loin weight, and total boneweight. By comparing the measured traits with the estimated traits, we proposed an optimally estimated regression
equation for the two measured traits, which is expected to increase the efficiency of pig slaughter through an
automated method.
Keywords: pig, carcass weight, backfat thickness, VCS2000

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OP3-2

Chemical and sensory properties of cream cheese using
microbial coagulant and recombinant chymosin
RC Masa1, IG Sarmago2, MCR Oliveros1 and AM Tapia1,21Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines
Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines, 2Dairy Training and Research Institute,
College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños,
College, Laguna, Philippines
mroliveros1@up.edu.ph

Milk coagulant contains the enzyme capable of hydrolyzing milk proteins during cheese making. The first
coagulant that was discovered is calf rennet and through biotechnology, recombinant chymosin was madecommercially available for cheese manufacture. It has gained popularity due to its availability and ease of
application. Microbial coagulants with dairy application were introduced more recently. One such product thatwas developed in the Philippines is the microbial coagulant produced by Rhizopus chinensis. The full potentialof the R. chinensis coagulant has not been fully assessed. The study compared the effects of the microbial rennet
and the recombinant chymosin on cheese manufacture and product properties. Three batches of cream cheese
were processed from cow’s milk standardized to 14% fat with microbial rennet (T1) and recombinant chymosin(T2) as milk coagulants. Cheese yield and chemical properties did not differ. There were no significant differences
between the scores for color, texture, aroma, flavor, after-taste, and general acceptability of T1 and T2 cheeses. The
cost to produce a kilogram of cream cheese is 8% higher using microbial rennet than recombinant chymosin due
to the higher cost of the microbial coagulant. The results revealed that microbial coagulant from R. chinensis andrecombinant chymosin can produce cream cheese with comparable properties and quality. The protocol to produce
milk coagulant from R. chinensis must be optimized to lower its production cost and improve its acceptability inthe dairy industry.
Keywords: cream cheese, microbial coagulant, recombinant chymosin				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP3-3

Multi-omics based functional analysis of bovine colostrumderived extracellular vesicles in DSS-induced colitis mice
DY Mun, SD Ryu, AN Kang, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, MG Kang, JK Park,YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
dymun703@snu.ac.kr

In this study, we investigate the effect of bovine colostrum-derived extracellular vesicles (BCEVs) on dextran
sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis of mice. The EVs isolated from bovine colostrum were administered daily
for three weeks. Colitis was induced in mice by providing 3% DSS for 6 days. Based on global transcriptome
analysis using the HiSeq platform, differentially expressed genes with 142 and 411 up-regulated and downregulated, respectively, were identified in the DSS group, while 40 up-regulated genes and 409 down-regulated
genes were identified in the DSS-EV group. Gene ontology analysis showed that the upregulated genes in the
DSS group would be related to immune system process and inflammatory response. Meanwhile, administration of
EVs to DSS-group downregulated gene expression related to cell cycle and cell division. Functional implicationsof identified DEGs shows that upregulated genes of DSS group were enriched in multiple functions related tochemotaxis and positive regulation of innate immune response. Compared to the DSS group, administration of EVs
downregulated genes involved in cell differentiation and developmental growth. Global fecal metabolomics was
carried out and EVs treatment resulted in a clear metabolic changes. In conclusion, our results showed that BCEVs
exerted protected effects against DSS-induced colitis via regulation of the immune response and metabolic change.
These results suggest that the administration of milk-origincated EVs can be a novel therapeutic strategy for the
inflammatory bowel disease in animal food industry.
Keywords: bovine colostrum, extracellular vesicles, DSS-induced colitis, multi-omic analysis

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OP3-5

Generation of peptides fractions through enzymatichydrolysis of meat byproducts for therapeutic applications
MI Khan, M Saeed and MS Butt
National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
drkhan@uaf.edu.pk

Meat industry produces huge amount of waste which have potential to be used as the valuable source of proteinsand derived bioactive compounds. Dietary interventions have augmented the use of bioactive components withincreased awareness for healthy life of individuals. Efforts have been endured to develop functional constituentsthat offer therapeutic responses towards physiological disorders. The current study was designed to investigate thetherapeutic potential of meat byproducts hydrolysates derived after enzymatic hydrolysis with special reference
to anti-hypertension and antioxidant activity. Meat byproducts were subjected to physicochemical assays andhydrolysis assessment were also carried out to estimate the release of peptides through RP-HPLC. Moreover, thehydrolysates containing bioactive peptides obtained after hydrolyses were further evaluated for antihypertensive
and antioxidative activities. Liver and kidney showed higher enzymatic hydrolysis at maximum hydrolysis time.
The ACE inhibitory activity of liver hydrolysate increased significantly with increase in hydrolysis time. The
kidney hydrolysates have significantly higher ABTS radicals scavenging activity than liver and heart. The results
indicated that hydrolysates of liver and kidney showed significantly higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC) activity after given hydrolysis time. In conclusion, meat byproducts can be utilized for generation offunctional bioactive peptides that therapeutic applications to cure human ailments.
Keywords: meat byproducts, enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrolytic peptides, antioxidant activity, antihypertensive potential				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP3-6

Comparison of serum biochemical parameters, apoptotic
factors, meat quality, and palatability among meat quality
classes of broiler pectoralis major muscle
B Lee, JY Kim and YM Choi
Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
ananassab@knu.ac.kr

Apoptosis is a highly regulated cell death process and an initial step of conversion of muscle to meat. Generally,
apoptotic and glycolytic potentials, which affecting the meat quality traits, can be influenced by serum apoptosisrelated molecule and apoptotic factor levels at the early postmortem. However, there are only limited studies
on associations among serum biochemical parameters, apoptotic factors, and meat quality characteristics ofbroilers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the serum parameters, apoptotic factors, meat
quality, and sensory quality traits among the meat quality classes of broiler chicken breasts. The quality classes
were categorized as red, firm, and non-exudative (RFN), pale, firm, and non-exudative (PFN), and pale, soft,and exudative (PSE)-like according to muscle pH and lightness of the pectoralis major (PM) muscle at 24 h
postmortem. The RFN group showed a higher serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and a lower Ca2+
concentration compared to the PSE-like group (p < 0.05). A lower serotonin level was observed in the RFN groupthan in the PFN and PSE-like groups (p < 0.05). Due to the cell and mitochondria protective role of AST, the PSElike group with a lower AST activity showed higher levels of caspase-9 and -3 than the RFN group (p < 0.05),
indicating greater apoptotic potentials. The RFN group rated higher scores on palatability evaluated by trained
panelists than the other groups (p < 0.05). Therefore, variations in the broiler meat quality are influenced by serum
apoptosis-related molecule and apoptotic factor levels at the early postmortem.
Keywords: serum biochemical parameters, apoptotic factors, meat quality classes, broiler

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Animal Science Congress

OP4-1

Effects of BPA, BPS, and BPF on stemness preservation ofmurine spermatogonial stem cells
SH Kim, SH Shin, SM Kim, HJ Gu, SE Jung and BY Ryu
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, An-Seong 17546, Korea
smkim318@hanmail.net

Bisphenol-S (BPS) and Bisphenol-F (BPF) have been introduced to replace Bisphenol-A(BPA), a well-known
endocrine disruptor with many adverse health effects. However, due to the similar chemical structures to BPA,
the safety regarding BPS and BPF still remains to be elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated BPA,
BPS and BPF for their germ cell stemness perturbance potentials based on in vitro culture followed by in vivotransplantation using spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), isolated from C57BL/6-GFP mouse. BPA and BPF
reduced cell survival and induced apoptosis with significant proliferation decrease in a dose-dependent manner.
However, stemness property markers of SSCs did not change significantly. In vivo transplantion of BPA, BPS,
and BPF treated SSCs into C57 reciepient mouse testes results revealed taht the number of colonies newly formed
from bisphenol-treated SSCs was decreased in all BPA, BPF and BPS groups in dose-dependent manners. These
results together plainly indicate that although bisphenols do not induce changes of the characteristics of SSCs, but
through cytotoxicity and apoptosis, bisphenol BPA, BPF and BPS can cause irreversible impairment of the colony
formation potential of SSCs.
This research was supported by the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the NRF funded by the
Korean government (MSIP) (NRF-2018M3A9H1023139), Basic Science Research Program through the National
Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2018R01A6A1A03025159),
and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(NRF2020R1A2C1009974).
Key words : bisphenol A, bisphenol S, bisphenol F, spermatogonial stem cells				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP4-2

The prevalence of metritis and pathological ovaries in beef
cattle in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam
TH Diep1 and NT Ngu2
1

Tien Giang University, My Tho City, Tien Giang Province, Vietnam, 2Can Tho University,
Can Tho City, Vietnam
ntngu@ctu.edu.vn

The reproductive disorder poses one of the biggest economical problems in cattle farming. Despite being agreat concern for dairy cows, little attention is given to its presence in beef cattle. The present study hence wasconducted to identify the prevalence of common diseases related to reproductive dysfunction in cattle in the
Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Initially, a survey was performed on 1,234 crossbred beef cattle, including Red Angus,
Charolais, Red Sindhi, Brahman, and local breeds. The proportion of beef cows afflicted with reproductive diseases
was found to be 21.4%, with dystocia accounting for the highest rate at 8.99%, followed by metritis (5.43%),
retained placenta (3.80%), and others. Later, samples from 162 cattle with the symptoms of metritis were collected
to identify infectious bacteria by PCR techniques, in which Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus
spp., and Salmonella spp. were discovered in proportions of 59.9, 61.1, 87.7, and 17.3%, respectively. Most
prevalent among the breeds and litters was Streptococcus spp. while Salmonella was the least common. In addition,in 96 cattle, the ultrasonography and progesterone quantification procedures were used to target individuals
with pathological ovaries. Ovary cysts, prolonged luteal phase, and inactive ovary were the leading causes withsimilar incidence rates of 30.2, 33.3, and 36.5%, respectively. In conclusion, the data presented an overview ofreproductive abnormalities in beef cattle, which also serves as the foundation for enhancing the fertility of cows on
farms and in households in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam.
Keywords: beef cattle, incidence, reproductive disorder86

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Animal Science Congress

OP4-3

Serum metabolomic profile of early lactating Holsteindairy cows during heat stress
YP Naing, RA Valencia, MA Miguel, SC Ramos, SH Kim and SS Lee
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
yepyaydof@gmail.com

Heat stress (HS) is a growing concern in the livestock industry worldwide due to its negative effects on animal
production performance and health, which causes significant economic losses. This study was conducted todetermine the changes in the serum metabolome of early lactating Holstein dairy cows during heat stress andrecovery period and to discover diagnostic biomarkers to detect heat-stressed animals. Blood samples werecollected from the jugular vein into the serum collection tubes. Metabolomic analysis of serum was conducted todetermine the metabolite profile of early lactating Holstein dairy cows during HS and recovery period using gas
chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) in multiple reactions monitoring mode. A total of 57
metabolites were detected, comprising 12 organic acids (OA), 18 fatty acids (FA), and 27 amino acids (AA) during
the HS and recovery period. Metabolomic analysis revealed that succinic acid, malic acid, and hippuric acid of
OA; myristic acid, palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid of FA; and glutamic acid, proline, hydroxyproline,
creatinine, 1-methylhistidine, and pyroglutamic acid of AA were significantly higher during HS (p<0.05). In the
Mann-Whitney test, among 57 metabolites, 22 metabolites were significantly different (p<0.05) between HS andthe recovery period. In conclusion, heat stress influenced changes in the metabolomic profile of early lactating
Holstein dairy cows. Furthermore, these metabolites may be used as biomarkers to detect heat-stressed animals.
Keywords: early lactation, heat stress, Holstein dairy cow, metabolome				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP4-4High temperature affects porcine oocyte meiotic maturation
via interruption of organelle dynamics
Song-Hee Lee, Dongjie Zhou and Xiang-Shun Cui
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
5068song@naver.com

Heat stress (HS) has been known to cause the reproductive failure in animals, especially in summer. This stressful
condition severely affects to developmental potential of oocytes and leads to low fertility rates. Previous studies
have reported that HS compromised embryo development in bovine oocytes, and reduced ovarian development
in mice, thereby impairing the reproductive function in animals. However, the effect of high temperature (HT) on
the organelles of porcine oocytes is still unknown. In this study, we showed that the exposure of HT for 24 hours(0-24h, 41℃) significantly reduced the meiotic maturation in porcine oocytes. Further experiments on organelles
found that HT induced mitochondrial dysfunction showing with the increase of abnormal distribution and thedecrease of mitochondrial membrane potential. We also found that HT induced abnormal endoplasmic reticulum(ER) distribution and higher expression of glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), suggesting that HT exposure
activated ER stress. Our results also indicated that exposure of HT induced abnormal Golgi apparatus distribution
and dysfunction caused by decreasing the expression level of vesicle transporter, Ras-related protein Rab-11A(Rab11A). In addition, we showed that HT exposure led to the lysosomal damage by increasing the expression oflysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) and microtubule associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3).
In summary, our study revealed that HT exposure interrupts organelle dynamics, which further leads to the failureof meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes.
Keyword: temperature, oocyte, maturation, organelle88

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Animal Science Congress

OP4-5

Comparison of pregnancy outcome following various timed
artificial insemination schemes in post-partum
dairy buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
EC Atabay1,2, EP Atabay2, FC dela Cruz2, RD Tadeo2, PJR Apolinario2 and AV Ferrer3
1

Philippine Carabao Center at CLSU, 2Reproduction and Physiology Section, Philippine Carabao
Center, National Headquarters, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3120, Philippines, 3Collegeof Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Bulacan Agricultural State College, San Ildefonso,
Bulacan 3010, Philippines
atabay22@yahoo.com

This study was conducted to evaluate the pregnancy rates of different timed artificial insemination (TAI) schemesin post-partum dairy buffaloes. Total of 804 animals were randomly distributed in five different treatment groups
wherein animals in Treatment 1 (n=163) were inseminated with natural estrus and served as control. In Treatment
2, animals (n=158) were subjected to Controlled Internal Drug Release- gonadotrophin releasing hormone (CIDRSynch-GnRH); Treatment 3, (n-161) with CIDR-Synch- human chorionic gonadotrophin (CIDR-Synch-hCG);
Treatment 4 (n-155) with Prostaglandin alone; and Treatment 5, the animals (n-167) were subjected to enhanced
prostaglandin-based TAI scheme. Detection of pregnancy was done at 30- and 40-day post AI using Pregnancy
Associated Glycoprotein Assay and Ultrasonography respectively. Results showed no significant differences
between T1 (52.13 ± 0.53) and T3 (50.98 ± 1.90); however, T1and T3 were significant higher (p<0.05) comparedwith T2 (43.09 ± 1.29), and T5 (41.34 ± 1.18), and highly significant (p<0.01) with T4 (22.54 ± 1.19). There wasno significant difference (p<0.05) between T2 and T3, but they are significantly higher (p<0.05) compared with T4.
Injection of ovulating hormone, hCG, after insemination could have aid in the development of competent oocytes
for fertilization and successful ovulation. In conclusion, CIDR-Synch-hCG at 1st AI yielded superior pregnancy rate
similar in animals inseminated during natural estrus. Meanwhile, supplementation of hCG in prostaglandin-based
TAI improved pregnancy rate in post-partum dairy buffaloes. The application of these timed AI protocols in postpartum dairy water buffaloes can contribute in dairy development and food sufficiency program in the Philippines.
Keywords: water buffaloes, timed artificial insemination, progesterone, prostaglandin

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OP4-6

Impairment of fertilization capacity exposed topesticide metabolites on boar spermatozoa
Dilki AAI Adikari and ST Moon
Department of Agricultural Education, College of Education, Sunchon National University,
Suncheon 57922, Korea
dilkiindrachapa@gmail.com

Reproductive disorders related to pesticides have begun to attract attention with the increase in environmental
pollution. Fipronil sulfone (FS) is a broad-spectrum pesticide from the phenyl pyrazole family. Therefore, thisstudy was performed to examine alteration of fertilization competence on boar spermatozoa exposed to FS. Spermsamples were subjected to varying concentrations of FS (10-200 µM) and incubation times (30 min and 2 hrs).
Sperm motility, motion kinematics, viability, acrosome integrity, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)
production were evaluated. The real-time PCR was conducted to analyze RNA expression of ODF2, ZPBP2,
HSPA8, OMA1, AKAP4 and AKAP3, that associated with sperm fibrous sheath and movement. A dosed pendant
motility reduction was observed in sperm exposed to FS during both incubation periods compared to controls(88.5-89.4% controls vs. 82.1-37.1% FS after 30 min, and 82.5-86.2% controls vs. 74.5-35.0% FS after 2 hrs;p<0.05). Motion kinematics were significantly reduced in sperm incubated with FS. Higher percentages of viable
sperm were observed in controls, while such viability was significantly decreased in sperm with 20-200µM FS.
Acrosome integrity was particularly damaged on sperm incubated with 200 µM FS after 30 min of incubation.
Higher levels of intracellular ROS were produced in sperm exposed to FS after 2 hrs of incubation (p<0.05).
Also, different expression levels of RNA indicated in sperm exposed to FS compared to controls. Direct exposure
to pesticide metabolites affects male fertility competence, thus it is necessary to screen metabolites that cause
reproductive physiotoxicity to protect health and prevent sub-/infertility in animals.
Keywords: pesticide metabolites, spermatozoa, fertilization, boar

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP5-1

Longitudinal study of the intestinal
microbiome of growing laying hens
S Choi, J Park, B Xuan and EB Kim
Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University,
Chuncheon, Korea
chlrlqoqkqh@naver.com

Many humans are supplied protein and nutrition by consuming poultry meat and egg. It is important to understandthe relationship between gut microbiota in laying hens and its productivity. In this study, we profiled thecomposition of gut microbiome at the age of 10, 21, 58, and 101 days. The healthy 40 Hy-line chickens were fed
commercial diet and raised under Korea animal welfare guidelines. We collected ileum and feces samples at eachperiod to analyze microbiome. The V4 regions of 16S rRNA genes were amplified and sequenced by Illumina
MiSeq. The diversity of microbiome was increased getting older. The Shannon diversity of ileum group showedsignificantly higher than the feces group. Bacterial communities of ileum and feces were clustered into two groups.
At the genus level, Lactobacillus was the highest at the age of 10 days and decreased with age in the feces sample.
Also Escherichia-Shigella and Candidatus Arthromitus were decreased as laying-hens get older. The microbiomethat decrease as they growth were Escherichia-Shigella, Candidatus Arthromitus, and increased microbiome wereTuricibacter, Cellulosilyticum and Corynebacterium. In the correlation analysis between the gut microbiome
and weight, Lysinibacillus in the feces at 58 days indicated negative correlation. Our findings broaden theunderstanding of laying hens gut microbiota. Based on the results, we will compare the gut microbiome of aging
hens and broilers. Also, these data will be used for improving the chicken intestinal immunity.
Keywords: microbiome, laying hens, 16S rRNA

This study was supported by NRF (NRF-2019R1A2C1009406).

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OP5-2

Optimizing the cryoprotectant mixture to enhance theviability of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469
K Kim1, S Rheem2 and S Oh1
1

Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea, 2School of Big
Data Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea

Lyophilization (freeze-drying) is commonly used to preserve live probiotics. However, it can cause cell damage
and decrease viability. The cryoprotectants play an important role in maintaining viability during lyophilization
process. Generally, cryoprotectants have been used in non-reducing disaccharides, sugar alcohols, polysaccharides,
amino acids, proteins, and skimmed milk, etc. The protective properties of cryoproetectants were ascribed totheir interactions with proteins and membranes of cells. In this study, we investigated the viability of the cellsof Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 in the presence of the cryoprotectants that consist of mono-sodium
glutamate (MSG), trehalose, and whey powder. A mixture design having 1% as the smallest proportion of eachcomponent, which is close to a simplex-lattice axial design, was used to allocate treatment combinations in theexperiment. The aim of this experiment was to find out the optimum combination of component proportions thatmaximizes the viable cells of L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469 after freezing and freeze-drying. Through the modeling ofexperimental data, the optimum combination of component proportions for the cryoprotectant mixture was foundto be MSG 4%, trehalose 92%, and whey powder 4%, which was verified via a validation experiment. This resultshows that L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469 may be used as a probiotic supplement including feed and food products.
Keywords; probiotics, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, freeze-drying, cryoprotectant

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Animal Science Congress

OP5-3

Efficacy of collected probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum
after long-term preservation on growth performance andhemagglutination inhibition titer in broilers
S Chalorsuntisakul and C Kasornpikul
Silpakorn University, Petcha Buri, Thailand
kasornpikul_c@silpakorn.edu

Lactobacillus plantarum was tested and found the affect growth performance boosting and could reduce thenumber of oocysts of Eimeria tenella in broilers. As an effective probiotic, L. plantarum has been collected inlong-term preservation by using liquid drying under vacuum conditions since 2009. This research aimed to study
the efficacy of L. plantarum that was collected in long-term preservation on growth performance and HI titer in
broilers for proving that this preservative method was appropriate. Probiotic L. plantarum in dry powder was raisedin MRS broth. The number of surviving bacteria was determined using the pour plate method. A total, of 120 male
broilers were separated into 2 groups with 5 replications and 12 birds per replication. A completely randomized
design (CRD) was used for all experiments with the control group, which was not fed probiotics, and the treatmentgroup was fed with 106 cfu/mL probiotics in water. The results found that Probiotic L. plantarum after 12 years ofpreservation was alive and could increase in number. At the end of the test period, no bird was found dead. Average
daily gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and the immunity level against Newcastle disease were notsignificantly different. It might conclude that after long preservation, L. plantarum was alive, but their efficacy
might not be the same. The suggestion should evaluate the effectiveness in the short term of the preservation
method for more information.
Keywords: Lactobacillus plantarum, long-term preservation, broilers, probiotics

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OP5-4

The metabolites of Latilactobacillus curvatus BYB3 andindole activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and attenuate
LPS- induced intestinal barrier function
X Wang, Z Meng, G Choi and S Oh
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
wangxing920801@126.com

Probiotics are of preventive importance in the intestinal epithelial barrier. There were demonstrated thebeneficial effects of probiotics as modulators of intestinal inflammation. In this study aimed to investigate theeffects of the metabolites of Latilactobacillus curvatus BYB3 and indole activate the AhR and increased theTight junction protein in an in vitro model of intestinal inflammation. Intestinal Caco-2 cells were stimulatedwith lpopolysaccharide (LPS 10ng/mL) for 24 h; Western blotting analyses showed that the supernatants of
Latilactobacillus curvatus BYB3, indole and the metabolites of indole derivatives alleviated colitis model by
improving the tight junction (TJ) associated proteins, ZO-1, and claudin-1 and suppressing the nuclear factor-kappa
B (NFκB) signaling. The immunofluorescent images consistently revealed that LPS induced the disruption of the
TJ proteins, claudin-1 and ZO-1, and reduced their expression while the metabolites of BYB3 and indole reversed
these alterations. A similar protective role on the intestinal barrier function was observed by the transepithelial
electrical resistance (TEER) approach. Using HPLC analysis the metabolites, the ILA and IAM concentrations
were found to be 1.73±0.27mg/L and 0.51±0.39mg/L, respectively.
Keywords: probiotics, Latilactobacillus curvatus, tight junction, intestinal barrier

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OP5-5

Neuroprotective impact of Bacillus spp. in
Caenorhabditis elegans and intestinal dysbiosis
mice model via gut-brain networks
AN Kang, DY Mun, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi,
D Lee, JB Lee, SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
rhrnak42@snu.ac.kr

Fermented food normally contains numerous bacterial metabolites, such as nitric oxide, has been examined todeliver a variety of health advantages including the prevention of inflammatory disorders, carcinogenic conditions,and allergic conditions in human anad animal. These benefits have been achieved through the work of fermenting
bacteria, which is mainly Bacillus spp. We evaluated the beneficial values of different species of Bacillus spp.
and their nitric oxide extracts through the gut-brain route utilizing neurodegenerative Caenorhabditis elegans
as a model. In reference to the previous research, we found that these extracts had significant impacts. Bacillus
spp. supplementation resulted in four strains of neurodegenerative Caenorhabditis elegans models, which are
genetically induced of Aβ protein accumulation, exhibited increased lifespan and prevented hypomotility andhyposmia, the typical aged-phenotypes. Further, the Bacillus spp. fermented product including nitric oxide (NO)was able to improve both Caenorhabditis elegans and neuroblastoma cell line survival rates. Moreover, Bacillus
spp. supplementation was effectively colonized in the antibiotics-cocktail indued intestinal dysbiosis mice modeland diversified the microbiota along with the bacterial by-products and restored the body weight, colon length,
and immunological homeostasis. Our results also suggest that probiotic GRAS strains of Bacillus spp. and theirNO-assocaited fermented products possess on neuroprotective effects as a potential therapeutic target is worth
investigating further for prevention of brain health claims.
Keywords: Bacillus spp. gut-brain axis, nitric oxide, animal models

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OP5-6

Interrogating the bovine vaginal microbiome using
an efficient pipeline for microbiome sequencing
CT Ong1, EM Ross1, G Boe-Hansen2, C Turni1, BJ Hayes1, G Fordyce1 and AE Tabor1,3
1

University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Centre forAnimal Science, Queensland 4072, Australia, 2University of Queensland, School of Veterinary
Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland 4072, Australia, 3The University of Queensland, School ofChemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Queensland 4072, Australia
Cattle industries are the major contributors to the global economy, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. Beef anddairy productions are forecasted to rise in the next decade because of population growth. Optimal reproductive
performance is essential for sustainable cattle production. This study aimed to investigate the bovine vaginal
microbiome profiles to examine their contribution to reproductive performance. The effectiveness of several
extraction protocols and sequencing methods in recovering the microbiome profile from the bovine vaginal
samples, which have high host contamination and low microbial yield, were compared. QIAamp microbiome
extraction kit is the most effective metagenomic DNA isolation method which yielded 75.6% of 16S rDNA fromthe mock sample compared to the other methods which recovered less than 10% of 16S rDNA. Additionally,
Nanopore adaptive sequencing was demonstrated to be significantly more effective in reducing the host
contamination in the bovine vaginal samples than the Illumina shotgun (p = 0.0347) and regular ONT sequencing
technologies (p = 0.0194). The comparative study of bovine reproductive metagenomes using the methods above
uncovered phyla Ascomycota as the commonly abundant phyla in addition to Proteobacteria and Firmicutes.
Moreover, the bovine reproductive microbiomes potentially originated from their physical environment andlocations (PERMANOVA, p = 9×10-4) had a more significant impact on the microbiome than the reproductive
stages (Permutation test, p > 0.05). This study reinforced that reducing the host contamination increased thesequencing capacity for metagenome samples, reduced the cost and computational efforts as well as recovered
more accurate metagenomic profiles for our investigations.
Keywords: microbiome, reproduction, cattle, nanopore

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OP6-1

Identification of epigenetic regulatory mechanism in
porcine abdominal adipose tissue during growth
period through transcriptome and DNA methylome
integration analysis
DY Kim and JM Kim
Animal Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Animal Science and Technology,
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea
dodamx2@cau.ac.kr

Fat tissue is involved in the synthesis of new fatty acids (FA), FA circulation, and lipid metabolism. Althoughvarious genetic studies have been performed on porcine fat, it is insufficient to understand the growth and specificadipose tissue. The purpose of this study is to determine the difference in epigenetics of abdominal fat according to
the growth of pigs. The F1 pigs between KNP and Yorkshire breeds were divided into age groups of 10 weeks and
26 weeks, abdominal fat was collected at each time point, and then we sequenced methylated DNA and expressed
RNA. Differentially methylated genes (DMGs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified as 2,251
and 5,768, respectively. The DMG and DEG have been shown to be primarily involved in immune responses,
such as the chemokine signaling pathway and the β-cell receptor signaling pathway, and functions related to lipid
metabolisms, such as the PPAR signaling pathway and fatty acid degradation. Similar results and pathways wereidentified by integrating the DNA methylation and gene expression data, suggesting these genes of pathways tobe the major biomarkers of fat metabolism during growth. Thus, we provide a systematic investigation of changes
in the epigenetic regulation of porcine abdominal fat with aging to broaden our understanding of the regulatory
mechanisms involved in fat metabolism and immune response growth.
Keywords: transcriptome, methylome, multi-omics integration (MOI), epigenetic

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OP6-3

Imputed whole-genome sequence-based association
study and biological pathway analysis for
identification of positional candidate genes affecting
basophil trait in Yorkshire pigs
Yu-Ju Lee1, Chan-Hyung Kim1, Kyu-Sang Lim1, Bong-Ki Kim1,
Ji-Hyuk Kim1, Jae-Bong Lee2, Cedric Gondro3 and Hee-Bok Park1
1

Department of Animal Reources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea, 2Korea
Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea, 3Department of
Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1225, USArhrnak42@snu.ac.kr

Basophil (BA), which is a type of leukocytes and plays an important role in inflammatory process, can be
implicated in disease defense and robustness in livestock. This study was performed to identify positional candidate
genes and biological pathways that affect the BA percentage in pigs by using imputation-based whole-genome
sequence association study. A total of 543 purebred Yorkshire pigs were genotyped using imputed 10,623,433
single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers located throughout the autosomes. The rMVP package was used
to identify positional candidate genes associated with the trait of interests based on a mixed linear model (MLM)
and fixed and random model circulating probability unification (FarmCPU) approaches. The results revealed that34 SNPs exclusively located on chromosome 7 were associated with the BA trait. MAN2A2, FES, BLM, ZSCAN2
were discovered as positional candidate genes related with inflammatory process. The Enrichr biological pathway
analysis identified 6 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. According to the results of biologicalpathway analysis, purine metabolism, glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, phosphatidylinositol signaling system,
inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels, acute myeloid leukemia and axon guidance seemed to be
jointly associated to phenotypic variation of BA. In addition, STRING network analysis supports the biologicalpathway analysis. These results could play an important role in understanding genetic architecture of BA trait
variation in pigs.
Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development (No. PJ015964022022)” by
the RDA and “National Research Foundation of Korea grant by the MSIT”(No. 2019R1F1A1062342), Korea.

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Low genetic diversity of Malaysian indigenous goat breed
and strategies towards conservation: a scoping review
MA Ernie Muneerah1,2, MT Nur Aida3, MS Salisi4, Z Shahrizim5,
A Mohd Hafizal2 and K Mamat Hamidi1,3
1Institut of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia,
2
Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industries, Putrajaya,
Malaysia, 3Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
Selangor, Malaysia, 4Department of Veterinary Preclinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, 5Department of Biology, Faculty of Science,
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
ernie@dvs.gov.my

The only Malaysian domesticated indigenous goat, the Katjang breed, has been subjected to extensive
crossbreeding practice with superior imported breeds to produce offspring with better production performance,
resulting in variations of their crossbreeds’ morphological features. Recently, study on microsatellite DNA
fragments revealed that the purebred possesses low genetic diversity and high inbreeding value. Empiricalevidence of low performance from their phenotypic features and production data raised concerns on the erosionof their genetic identity. Due to its property as the nation's heritage, meat production source and as an insurance
factor to future environmental changes, preservation and sustainable use of this breed are essential. Hence, thispaper combed through various publications related to conservation strategies and genetic improvement that canbe integrated into the purebred conservation plan. Based on the review, genetic identity restoration can begin withselecting purebred individuals having similar phenotypic features described in 1960s historical literature into an
initial conservation herd. Scoring of purebred candidates is suggested based on multi-criteria factors, including
morphometric features and production performance. The spatial genetic differentiation can be utilised to maximise
the gene pool variation. The herd sex ratio is to be monitored and gene flow is permitted including frequently
introducing new males to the herd. It should also be noted that the purebred has low genetic biodiversity, hence
the conservation herd population may face microclimatic adaptation challenges due to geographical migration. It
is advantageous to have future studies incorporating economic tools to evaluate and weigh the profitable cost ofconserving this breed.
Keywords: native goat, genetic restoration, multi-criteria decision analysis

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OP6-5

Preliminary estimates of genetic parameters andcorrelations between real-time ultrasoundscan measurements and growth traits in
Philippine Riverine buffaloes
EB Flores and E Bacual
Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija Philippines
esterflrs@gmail.com

Ultrasound scanning is a non-invasive technique used for evaluating animals based on carcass yield and meat
quality traits. It has been incorporated in the beef cattle breeding program, however little has been done inbuffaloes. Thus, this study was conducted to estimate the genetic parameters for growth traits- body weights (BW)and real time ultrasound scan of eye muscle area (EMA) and rib fat (RF) between the 12th & 13th rib in orderto determine their suitability as a tool for selection. Three hundred eighty-seven (387) male Philippine riverine
buffaloes with 1,399 BW records and 333 EMA and RF scans were available for the study. Body weights (BW)were taken and adjusted at birth, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months of age whereas RF and EMA scans were taken at
12, 18 & 24 mos. The average BW of buffaloes adjusted to 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36-months of age were 134.5 kg,
227.8 kg, 327.0 kg, 382.7, 453.6 and 502.4 kg. respectively. The mean EMA and RF at 12-months were 27.8 cm2
and 2.9 mm respectively. Genetic parameters were estimated with a pedigree-based multi-trait animal model using
ASReml software. Heritability estimates for BW were 0.55 ± 0.17, 0.26 ± 0.14, 0.38 ± 0.17, 0.40 ± 0.22 and 0.53
± 0.21 for birth, 12- and 18-months, EMA12mos. and EMA18mos. respectively. Correlations among traits werepositive and moderately high. Results indicate that ultrasound scanning as an estimator of carcass yield can be used
for selection without sacrificing growth rate and suggest that early performance is an excellent predictor of animal
performance at later age.
Keywords: buffalo, EMA, heritability, growth traits

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OP6-6

Integrated time-serial transcriptome networks based on
lncRNA and mRNA interaction in multiple tissues reveal
lncRNA-mediated viral host responses to PRRSV infection
B Lim1, KT Lee2, WI Kim3 and JM Kim1
1

Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Lab., Department of Animal Science and Technology,
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea, 2Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National
Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Korea, 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National
University, Iksan, Korea
hwi1208@cau.ac.kr

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV) infection, is one of thecritical diseases in the swine industry. It occurs negative effects on piglet mortality and productivity worldwide.
Until now, candidate genes and loci for the host’s PRRSV resistance were identified by GWAS and RNA-Seq.
However, the functions of lncRNAs and interactions with mRNAs under PRRSV infection have still not been
well comprehended. Therefore, we identified novel lncRNAs in three PRRSV-infected tissues (lungs, bronchial
lymph nodes, and tonsil) data and investigated interactions between lncRNAs and mRNAs. Thirty-four pigs
were intramuscularly challenged with JA142 strain and sacrificed at 0 (not infected), 3, 10, 21, 28, and 35 days
post-infection (dpi). The serum samples were used for the measurement of viremia and antibodies. Differentiallyexpressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were identified in each dpi based on 0 dpi, and co-expression networks wereconstructed. Among four constructed network modules, we focused on the network that strongly related tophenotypes, consisting of 3 dpi- (yellow module; 15 lncRNAs and 144 mRNAs) and lung-specific (red module;
493 lncRNAs and 350 mRNAs) expression patterns. Then, functional enrichment was performed using 13 and 142
mRNAs connected with lncRNAs in yellow and red modules, respectively. The terms related to viral host signaling
in the yellow module and immune signaling in the red module were significantly enriched. Taken all together,
we identified lncRNA-mediated regulations for viral signaling in an early stage of infection and for lung-specificimmune signaling.
Keywords: PRRSV, lncRNA, integrated network, viral host response				

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OP7-1

Development of prediction equations for apparent
metabolizable energy and digestible amino acidconcentration in soybean meal fed to broilers
RNR Reyes and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippinesrhonaninareyes@gmail.com

This experiment was conducted to develop prediction equations for nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizableenergy (AMEn), total amino acids (AA) and standardized ileal digestible (SID) AA in soybean meal fed to broilers.
Eight different sources of soybean meal (3 from USA, 2 from Argentina, 1 each from Brazil, China and Thailand)
were evaluated for energy measurement and amino acid bioassay using cecectomized roosters. The AMEn in SBM
was positively correlated (r = 0.95; p < 0.001) with CP and negatively correlated (r ≥ -0.74; p < 0.05) with fructose
and sucrose. The AMEn in SBM can be predicted using the following equation: AMEn = 1,818.958 + 23.65 × CP
(R2 = 0.90, RMSE = 13.69, p<0.001). The total and SID AA were positively correlated (r ≥ 0.75; p < 0.05) withCP except for total and SID Met, Trp, and Cys and SID Arg, Pro and Gly. All SID AA were positively correlated(r ≥ 0.81; p ≤ 0.02) with their corresponding total AA except SID Gly. Amino acid concentrations in SBM canbe predicted using equations with CP as the independent variable (R2 ≥ 0.61, p ≤ 0.04). In conclusion, apparent
metabolizable energy and AA concentration in SBM can be predicted using CP as the independent variable.
Keywords: amino acid, broiler, energy, prediction, soybean meal102

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OP7-2

Effect of dietary guanidinoacetic acid supplementation on
the growth performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal
morphology, and digestibility in broiler chickens
fed plant-based diets with varying levels of metabolizable energy
AG Cayamanda, OD Abanto, NN Fajardo, JB Poblete and AA Angeles
University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
aangeles8@up.edu.ph

Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), an amino acid derivative synthesized in the liver, is known to be a precursor of
creatine. Creatine is known to be vital in energy metabolism leading to improved muscle development. So, thisstudy was conducted to determine the energy-sparing effect of supplementing GAA, under Philippine conditions, inbroilers fed diets without animal protein sources. Four hundred eighty straight run day-old Cobb chicks, weighing
42.97 ± 0.35 g were distributed to 48 pens with 10 birds per pen and randomly assigned to one of six treatments
following a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with GAA supplementation and metabolizable energy (ME) levels as
main effects. Treatment diets with 2 levels of GAA (0 and 0.06%) and 3 levels of ME reduction (0, 75, 150 kcal/kg) were fed to the birds. Growth performance parameters, carcass characteristics, intestinal histopathology, anddigestibility of gross energy were determined. All data were analyzed in a two-way analysis of variance using the
PROC MIXED procedure of SAS software. Supplementation of GAA in broiler diets with increasing ME level
resulted in improvements in body weight gain and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). The GAA supplementation in
the diet of broilers resulted in a lower abdominal fat percentage (p < 0.05). Therefore, GAA can be supplemented
at 0.06% of broiler diets within the recommended ME content for improved performance and lower abdominal fat
without negative effects on the carcass characteristics, intestinal histopathology, and nutrient digestibility.
Keywords: energy digestibility, villi height, abdominal fat, feed intake

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OP7-3

Effects of supplemental multi-emulsifiers on broiler growth
performance and nutrient digestibility
EO Oketch, JS Hong, YB Kim, SR Nawarathne, M Yu and JM Heo
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
elijahogolah@gmail.com

An experiment was conducted to determine whether mixed exogenous emulsifiers (sodium stearoyl lactylate,glycerol monostearate, and glycerol distearate) supplementation in tallow-incorporated reduced-energy diets could
improve broiler performance as well as mitigate the physiological limitation of lower fat utilization in young birds.
256 Ross 308 one-day-old broilers (42.28 ± 0.16 g) were randomly allocated in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement to 32
pens with eight chicks per cage for 35 days. Birds were fed one of four dietary treatments as follows: (1) positive
control (PCN; energy sufficient diet); (2) negative control (NCN; energy-deficient diet, -100 ME kcal/kg); (3)PCL (PCN plus 0.05% emulsifier) and (4) NCL (NCN plus 0.05% emulsifier). Growth performance was evaluatedweekly whereas digesta samples were collected on days 21 and 35 to determine the apparent ileal digestibility (AID)of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, and energy. Emulsifiers in the NCL diet led to higher (p < 0.05) daily gains,improved daily feed intake, and better feed efficiency. Thus, better growth performance was achieved with the NCL
diet relative to all the other diets. Improvements (p < 0.05) were noticed for the AID of crude fat (day 21 and 35)
as well as energy, and dry matter only on day 35. Our results suggest that 0.05% emulsifier use in low-energy diets
could improve the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of broilers for 35 days. There is a potential of
relatively reducing feed costs by incorporating fats plus emulsifiers in reduced-energy diets without compromisingon broiler performance.
Keywords: digestibility, emulsifiers, performance, tallow

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OP7-4

Effect of various triticale inclusion levels on broiler
growth parameters: a meta-analysis
JIC Poaty Ditengou, SB Cho, BH Chae, YR Cho, IH Cheon,
MG Jeon, YJ Mun, EG Jeong and NJ Choi
Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
celestinisaacjunior10@jbnu.ac.kr

Triticale is an alternative energy source with beneficial characteristics such as good yield and resistance tohard seasons. However, many experiments have shown controversial results concerning its effects on broiler
nutrition. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate triticale effects on broiler performance and suggest an
approximate incorporation percentage of this cereal in the broiler diet. In February and April 2022, we searched
the eligible papers on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. The effect sizes were estimated throughout
standardized mean difference, and we determined the statistical heterogeneity of the effect sizes using Cochran’s Q
test, followed by meta-ANOVA and meta-regression analysis. We recorded 19 articles divided into 62 experimentsfor our meta-analysis. The triticale increased the broiler’s body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio
but decreased the broiler’s live body weight. The meta-ANOVA revealed that including triticale from 21 to 50%
would induce the best effects on the broiler’s live body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio.
The meta-regression emphasized that there was only a significant correlation between the inclusion of triticale from0 to 20% and the broiler’s live body weight and feed intake. Although the funnel plot and the Egger linear test didsuggest significant publication bias for the live body weight factor, this study remains valuable for understanding
the impact of triticale on broiler growth parameters. In conclusion, we recommend including triticale up to 20% in
the broiler diet to obtain optimal broiler performance.
Keywords: triticale, broiler performance, meta-analysis

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OP7-5

Functional and nutritional values of lysed Corynebacterium
glutamicum from amino acid production: postbiotic
effects on intestinal health of nursery pigs
Yi-Chi Cheng, Marcos Elias Duarte and Sung Woo Kim
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
ycheng22@ncsu.edu

The objective was to determine functional and nutritional value of lysed Corynebacterium glutamicum cell mass
(CGCM) for its postbiotic effects when replacing blood plasma in nursery diets. CGCM was obtained from lysine
broths after centrifugation, lyzed using a French press with 4 cycles (59% CGCM was lysed), and freeze dried forthis study. Thirty-two nursery pigs (21 d of age; initial BW of 7.2 ± 0.6 kg) were fed diets with 4 levels of CGCM (0,0.7, 1.4, and 2.1% replacing blood plasma, n=8) for 21 d with growth performance measurement. Jejunal mucosa
were collected at d 21 to evaluate intestinal health. Data were analyzed using REG procedure of SAS. Increasing
daily intake of CGCM changed (quadratic) alpha diversity (Shannon index) of mucosa-associated microbiota (p <0.05, max at 5.0 g/d CGCM intake), relative abundances of Firmicutes (p < 0.05, min at 5.4) and Proteobacteria (p< 0.05, max at 5.6), jejunal IgG (p = 0.087, max at 4.9), jejunal protein carbonyl (P < 0.05, max at 4.9). Increasing
daily intake of CGCM increased (linear; p < 0.05) ADG. Supplementing CGCM at 4.9 to 5.6 g/d replacing bloodplasma increased potential pathogenic microbiota associated in the jejunal mucosa resulting in increased immune
response and PC concentration possibly due to suppressed benefits from blood plasma, whereas further increaseof CGCM intake up to 11 g/d enhanced status of mucosa-associated microbiota, intestinal health parameters, andgrowth performance providing similar effects from blood plasma. This demonstrates postbiotic effects of CGCM innursery diets.
Key words: Corynebacterium glutamicum, growth performance, pigs, postbiotic

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OP7-6

Nutrient utilization of soybean meal products bypigs based on in vitro assays
J Son, YS Song, SB Yoo and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
sjh9823@gmail.com

The objective of this study was to evaluate nutrient utilization of soybean meal products using in vitro assays. Twostep and 3-step in vitro assays were employed to simulate the gastrointestinal tract of growing pigs. The 2-stepin vitro procedure was modified to reflect the digestion and absorption of nursery pigs by reducing incubation
time and enzyme (50% of the conventional procedure) and was employed to evaluate the crude protein (CP)utilization of nursery pigs. Test ingredients were soybean meal (SBM), chemically processed SBM (CSBM), and 5
enzymatically digested SBM (ESBM). Five ESBM were produced using different microorganisms: 1) Pediococcus
pentosaceus and Bacillus subtilis (PB-ESBM), 2) Enterococcus faecium (EF-ESBM), 3) Aspergillus oryzae andBacillus subtilis (AB-ESBM), 4) Aspergillus oryzae (AO-ESBM), and 5) Bacillus licheniformis (BL-ESBM). The
CP concentration in the test ingredients ranged from 45.7% to 53.6% as-is. In the conventional in vitro procedure,
CSBM had greater in vitro ileal disappearance (IVID) of CP (94.5% vs. 87.4 to 90.8%; p < 0.05) than ESBM
sources. Chemically processed SBM had greater in vitro total tract disappearance of organic matter (93.5% vs. 89.4
to 91.4%; p < 0.05) compared with ESBM except EF-ESBM. In the modified in vitro procedure for nursery pigs,
CSBM had greater IVID of CP (92.8% vs. 80.2 to 83.5%; p < 0.05) than the other soybean meal products. Basedon the present in vitro experiments, chemically processed soybean meal had greater nutrient utilization comparedwith soybean meal and enzymatically digested soybean meal in nursery and growing pigs.
Keywords: crude protein, in vitro, soybean meal products, swine				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP8-1

Characterization of heat stress and recovery using
indicators of blood and milk metabolomics inearly lactating Holstein cows
JH Jo1, J Ghassemi Nejad1, JS Lee1, HR Kim2, NG Park2 and HG Lee1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Korea, 2Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team,National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea
godandthegod@naver.com

This study aimed to characterize the novel insights into the mechanism of recovery (RC) following heat stress(HS) in early lactating Holstein cows in changing environments using indicators of blood and milk metabolomics.
Twelve cows were equally housed in environmentally controlled chambers by providing temperature-humidity
index (THI) at two levels of Comfort Zone (CZ; THI=71~72) and Moderate HS (MHS; THI=86~87). The
environments inside chambers were maintained at THI=67~68 (adaptation and RC). In MHS group, the levels oforganic acids (lactic acid, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, aconitic acid, citric acid) and sugars (glyceric acid, D-tagatose,
D-glucose, D-talose, Myo-inositol, D-lactose) were higher in both the blood and milk samples (p < 0.05), comparedto those of CZ group. However, the relative abundance of amino acids (glycine, L-threonine) were higher inblood and lower in milk in the MHS group (p < 0.05). Fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid, 9-octadecenamide,monopalmitin) contents were higher in blood and lower in milk of MHS group. Alcohol derivative compounds(ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol, diethylene glycol) were displayed similar levels inblood samples; however, significantly higher abundance of alcohol compounds were evidenced in the milk samples
of CZ group. Phenol derivative catechol and alkaloid piperidine levels were complementary between the blood andmilk samples in both groups. In conclusion, the early lactating Holstein cows received higher HS by showing thechanges in blood and milk metabolomics under high HS and low RC rate. The new approach of metabolomics inblood and milk are recognized as sensitive and reliable indicators of HS and RC.
Keywords: blood, milk, metabolomics, dairy cows, heat stress108

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OP8-2

Reproductive performance and lamb survival of ewe fed
flushing diet contain EPA DHA from lemuru oil
A Nurlatifah1, L Khotijah1, RI Arifiantini1, MS Maidin2 and DA Astuti1
1

IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, 2Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
aeni_nurlatifah@yahoo.com

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid
(DHA) from lemuru fish oil in flush concentrate on ewe reproductive performance and lamb survival. Twenty
Garut ewes 12-14 months with body weight 28,92±4,94 kg were divided into 4 treatments; control concentrate(P1), flushing concentrate with 6% palm oil (P2), flushing concentrate with 3% lemuru oil and 3% palm oil (P3),and flushing concentrate with 6% lemuru oil (P4). The ratio of naphier grass to concentrate was 30: 70%, on a dry
matter basis. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized blocked trial. The results showed that
there were no differences in dry matter consumption. Onset of estrus in control were longer (p < 0.05) than P2, P3,
and P4. Receptibility were highest (p < 0.05) in P4 and lowest in P1. Percentage of pregnancy in P1 and P4 were100%. Percentage of twin births type was 100% in P3 and P4. P2, P3 and P4 increased the percentage of malelambs. The results showed that feeding P4, P3, and P2 to the ewe caused a shorter latency to stand in lamb. The
treatment affected (p < 0.05) to average daily gain and weaning weights. In conclusion, Feeding 6% lemuru fish
oil containing EPA and DHA may increase the reproductive performance of Garut ewes by accelerating the onsetof estrus, receptibility of male, increasing the percentage of twin lambs, altering the sex ratio of lambs, shortening
the latency to stand, and same weaning weight.
Keywords: DHA EPA, ewe, flushing, reproduction, lamb survival, lamb performance				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP8-3

The effect of Spirulina platensis supplementation on the
carcase characteristics, meat quality andfatty acid profile of Omani goats
F Al-Yahyaey1,2, W Al-Marzooqi3, I Shaat4,5, O Al-Qaisi3, M Smith2, J Al-Sabahi6 and RD Bush2
1

Ministry of Agriculture Wealth, Fisheries and Water Resources, Rumais- Sultanate of Oman,
2
University of Sydney, Camden- Australia, 3Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman,
4
Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, Al Koudh, Sultanate of Oman,
5
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt,
6
Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
faal5144@uni.sydney.edu.au

Local goat meat is a favourite red meat of consumers in Oman. As its meat production levels are low under
traditional feeding systems, investigation is needed into the response to Spirulina (SP) supplementation. The
objective of this study is to establish feeding strategies that will boost goat meat production by incorporating SP
in goat diets and evaluating their impact on meat quality and fatty acid. Eighteen, eleven-month-old goats bucks
with initial body weight (16.44 ± 0.33 kg) were used in equal numbers from each of Jabbali and Sahrawi local goat
breeds. Animals were assigned to three groups with all animals receiving a conventional concentrate feed (control)
including 14% crude protein and 11.97% energy MJ/kg DM). SP was fed daily to animals from Treatment 1 (T1)
at 2g/head and Treatment 2 (T2) at 4g/head. Sahrawi bucks showed significant response to SP feeding and it wassuperior to Jabbali for most the studied traits. Average daily gain, body length, leg length and the rack of Sahrawi
bucks tended to be higher in supplemented groups T1 than in the control. Effect of SP on drip loss, tenderness andlightness of meat colour was increased significantly in T2 compared to the control in the semitendinosus muscle in
Sahrawi breed. It is concluded that SP could be used in Omani goat diet, especially for Sahrawi goats, with benefits
on growth performance, meat quality and fatty acids composition.
Keywords: meat quality, Spirulina, goats, Oman

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OP8-4

Novel endolysin PanLys.1 exhibited antibacterial activity
against Peptostreptococcus anaerobius
JB Moon, HB Kim and JK Seo
Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
mantis0044@pusan.ac.kr

Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (P. anaerobius) is one of hyper ammonia producing bacteria (HAB) whichcleave ammonia from amino acids rapidly than other ruminal bacteria. Excessive ruminal ammonia is excreted
from body in the form of urine result in inefficient nitrogen utilization in ruminants. Endolysins, bacteriophageencoded peptidoglycan degrading enzymes, have emerged in recent years as a novel agent to kill target bacteria
specifically. In this study, we have developed and characterized the endolysin PanLys.1 hydrolyzing ruminal P.
anaerobius and their lytic activity was tested in in vitro rumen condition. Conserved domain database analysis
showed that PanLys.1 has a modular design with enzymatically active domain of the PGRP superfamily (Amidase2) at the N-terminal and a cell wall binding domain of the CW-7 superfamily at the C-terminal. The lytic activityof PanLys.1 against P. anaerobius was the highest at pH 8.0. The bactericidal activity was maintained at 37-45℃
and 250 mM of NaCl. The activity of PanLys.1 after treatment with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was only
maintained with supplementation of 10 mM of Mg2+. In in vitro study, three treatments were used: 1) control,in vitro buffer only; 2) buffer, in vitro buffer with elution buffer; and 3) lysin, in vitro buffer with PanLys.1. The
lytic activity of PanLys.1 was analyzed using real-time PCR and expressed as ddCT method. Although PanLys.1
showed lytic activity against P. anaerobius, there was no significant change in relative proportion among treatments
in in vitro.
Keywords: bacteriophage, endolysin, hyper ammonia producing bacteria (HAB), Peptostreptococcus anaerobius

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OP8-5

Sustainable rice straw management practices andtechnologies for ruminant fodder in the Philippines
AN Del Barrio1, DL Aquino2, CI Castillo2, KR Managa2, EG San Andres2 and CP Baltazar2
1

University of the Philippines Los Baños Laguna, Philippines
Department of Agriculture-Philippine Carabao Center, Philippines

2

andelbarrio@up.edu.ph

The Philippines produces about 18 million tons of paddies annually (Ricestat, 2017) where 60-80% of thegenerated rice straw (RS) is burned in the open field (Gadde, et al., 2009). Burning of RS leads to environmental
pollution, unsustainable cropping, and increased carbon footprint. Hence, this study was aimed to: 1.) determine
the utilization, potential demand, and market of RS by ruminant raisers; 2.) develop pre-treatment protocols on
RS treatment and ensiling by optimizing the levels of urea and molasses; and 3.) evaluate the growth and milk
production performance of growing and lactating buffalo and growing cattle using enriched RS-based diets.
Results of the market survey showed that majority (60%) of the respondents were utilizing an average of 13-15%of the diet for buffalo, cattle, and goat. More than half (56%) of those not feeding RS and 40% of currently using
are willing to buy when it becomes commercially available. In employing the pre-treatment protocols, the study
found that crude protein content increased by 80% to 100% for un-chopped and chopped rice straw, respectively;
while DM and CP digestibility increased by 18.0% and 25%, respectively. Finally, feeding of un-treated or treated
RS for growing buffaloes given at 20 or 40% of the diet showed similar weight gain and dry matter intake whilefeeding the same diet for growing cattle resulted in higher ADG when given at 40% of the diet. Moreover, lactating
buffaloes recorded similar milk production and composition when fed with 20 or 40 % treated straw in the diet.
This study supports the utilization of rice straw as ruminant fodder in the effort reduce environmental pollution.
Keywords: rice straw (RS), ruminants, urea-molasses treatment, silage

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP8-6

Low moisture feed licks affect in vitro ruminal foam
formation but not gas production
Chernet Woju, Vinod Suresh, Mark Oliver, Jagir Hussan, Amanda Chow and Aliah Abdul
Auckland Bioengineering Institute (University of Auckland), Auckland, New Zealandcwoj805@aucklanduni.ac.nz
Higher ruminal gas production may not necessarily cause pasture bloat unless foam compromises the animal’s ability to expel gas
because of the higher release of soluble protein into the digesta. This study was conducted to test the efficacy of Low moisture
feed licks (LMFLs) for their in vitro ruminal foam mitigation potential without interfering with gas production. One gram ofcattle booster & extra high energy as LMFLs were incubated with 20 grams of alfalfa, white clover, lucerne pellet and ryegrassin a shaking (80 rpm) water bath (39℃) for 24 hours. Soluble plant protein, foam volume, foam strength, gas production andsurface tension data were collected and analyzed from fresh forage and broth samples. Experimental forages significantly (p <0.001) differed in their mean soluble leaf protein content, the highest being for alfalfa and white clover. The addition of LMFLs
has significantly (p < 0.001) decreased the surface tension of fresh rumen liquor by 35 dyne/cm. Although the mean foam volume
and strength in alfalfa and white clover seemed higher due to the higher insoluble leaf protein, LMFLs supplementation has
resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in mean in vitro foam formation and stability. Adding LMFLs as a feed supplement
to bloat provoking forages (Alfalfa & white clover) resulted in an increased (p < 0.05) cumulative gas production indicating theagent’s potential to mitigate frothy foam formation without affecting the in vitro gas production. LMFLs decrease the impact offrothy bloat by reducing the foam volume & stability without compromising in vitro ruminal gas production.
Keywords: low-moisture feed-lick, in vitro gas production, foam volume, foam strength				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP9-1

Effects of Sauerkraut crystalline salt to replacesalt in animal feed on growth performance andblood properties of animals
CP Wu1, JM Li1, HZ Huang1 and SW Ho2
1

Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan,
2
Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
wind2in1998@gmail.com

The production process of Sauerkraut is mainly used fresh shredded cabbage and salts to fermentation, and finallygenerates large amounts of high salt content wastewater that direct discharge will be resulting in environmental
pollution. Decreasing environmental pollution on the best way is to remove salt from wastewater and subsequently
releases to river. Moreover, the recycling salt in wastewater contains large amount of probiotics and organic acid.
The aim of this present study was assessed that effect of adding recycling salt from sauerkraut wastewater indiet on the growth performance of calf and weaned piglets. In calf experiment, 18 Holstein steers (average bodyweight 131.11 ± 18.03 kg) were randomly divided into two groups: CON (0 .3% normal salt), TR (0.3% sauerkraut
crystalline salt). Additionally, 48 LYD weaned piglets (average body weight of 8.23±0.78 kg) were randomly
divided into two groups: CON (0.3% normal salt), TR (0.3% Sauerkraut crystalline salt). The results showed that
there were no significant differences on growth performance of the calf and weaned piglets. In the blood properties,
the triglyceride was significantly lowered in calf at eighth week, and the blood glucose was higher than control
group in weaned piglets at sixth week. In conclusion, addition of Sauerkraut crystalline salts in diet is not negative
effect on animal’s growth performance and this method can directly solve the problem of Sauerkraut wastewater
discharge.
Keywords: Sauerkraut, fermentation, wastewater, crystalline salt

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP9-2

An insight regarding the subtleties of early diagnostic
markers for detection of production diseases
during transition period in buffaloes
S Kour1, N Sharma1, S Kour1 and AK Pathak2
1

Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & AH, Sher-e-Kashmir Universityof Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, India, 2Division of Animal
Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & AH, Sher-e-Kashmir University ofAgricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, India
drneelesh_sharma@yahoo.co.in

Transition period is considered from 3 weeks prepartum to 3 weeks postpartum, characterised with dramatic
events (endocrine, metabolic and physiological events). Production diseases results from an imbalance between
the nutrient intake and production output of the animal. Early diagnostic markers are believed to show positive
evidences of occurrence of diseases prior to the onset of clinical signs. The objective of our study was to identify
and validate the early diagnostic markers of production diseases (ketosis and milk fever) in buffaloes using In
silico and qPCR assay. In silico analysis of molecular markers was done with gene expression datasets of 4
samples of each normal and milk fever cows (GEO ID: GSE46901; Agilent-018964 NIAS Designed Custom
Agilent Bovine 15K Oligo DNA Microarray) and 14 each samples of liver of healthy postpartum and ketotic cows
(GEO ID: GSE4304; UIUC Bostaurus 13.2K 70-mer oligoarray) with the help of bioinformatics tools. The top
genes identified as markers in Ketosis include the IL6, IFNB1, IL12RB1, ASTML, CPT1A and LEP and for milk
fever includes ABR8862, NUAKI, NESP55 and ABR178. Out of many potential markers of ketosis (ASTML;
upregulated and GUCA1B; downregulated) and milk fever (NUAK1; upregulated and NESP55; downregulated)were selected. Extracted cDNA from 210 she buffaloes when validated with qPCR analysis of selected genes
showed similar trend of expressions. The implications of this study give the validation from in-silico and qPCR
assays for potential marker used for earliest diagnoses.
Keywords: production diseases, bioinformatics tool, early diagnostic markers, qPCR				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP9-3

Heat detection of gilts using digital infrared
thermal imaging camera
V Chem1, HS Mun1,2, KMB Ampode1, MA Dilawar1,3,
IB Chung1, S Mahfuz1, YH Kim4 and CJ Yang1,31

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 3Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System(BK21 Plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
veasna.chem09@gmail.com

The body temperature of livestock animals can be the main parameter for measuring their health and well-being
such as proestrus, estrus, and pregnancy. The control of estrus and ovulation has become the main topic for a batchof flow management and failure to detect estrus accurately has the greatest impact on labor rate and little size.
Digital infrared thermal imaging (DITI) technology can easily recognize and can detect the temperature changesof animals which would be useful in farm animal production. This study investigates the possibility of replacing acontact thermometer with a non-contact thermometer and digital infrared thermal imaging camera (DITI), and thedetection of estrus in gilts using a DITI camera. The experimental animals were seven gilts (129.21 ± 2.51 kg) andeach gilt was fed 5 mL of synthetic progesterone for 18 days, and the anus temperature was measured using thecontact thermometer, non-contact infrared thermometer, and DITI camera FLIR E76. The temperature of the vulva
during proestrus and estrus was measured using a DITI camera FLIR E76. As a result, there was no significant
difference (p > 0.05) in the anus temperature using the thermometer, non-contact infrared thermometer, and DITI
camera FLIR E76. Moreover, the average vulva temperature during estrus was 34.5℃ and proestrus was 33.7℃
with a difference of 0.8℃. The temperature range and the value differences between proestrus and estrus suggested
that the DITI camera could be a new technology for heat detection in gilts.
Keywords: proestrus, estrus, temperature, thermal camera

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP9-5

Profiling intestinal transcriptome and fecal microbiome
response to oral administration with Lactococcus lactis
IL1403 cell extracts containing mouse RANKLB Xuan and EB Kim
Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences,
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
xuanbiao888@gmail.com

Receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) is essential for intestinal microfold (M) cell differentiation, andseveral studies showed increase mature M cells to improve the efficiency of oral vaccine. At present, there is no
study on the changes of intestinal environment after oral administration of recombinant RANKL with host bacterialcell extracts. Here, we profiled intestinal transcriptome and fecal microbiome after oral administration with cell
extracts of recombinant Lactococcus lactis expressing mouse RANKL (mRANKL) in mice. Mice were divided into
three groups that were fed phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), WT_CE (wild type L. lactis IL1403), and mRANKL_
CE (recombinant L. lactis expressing mRANKL). After feeding seven consecutive days, the small intestinal
transcriptome and fecal microbiome were then profiled. For small intestinal transcriptome, compared to PBS
group differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that RANKL-related genes were identified in the mRANKL_CE andno DEGs were found in the WT_CE group. In the PBS vs. mRANKL_CE gene enrichment analysis, upregulated
DEGs were enriched for heat shock protein binding, regulation of bone resorption, and calcium ion binding. In
the gut microbiome analysis, there were no great change among these three groups. However, Lactobacillus andSphingomonas were more abundant in the mRANKL_CE group than in the other two groups. Our results indicatethat cell extracts of recombinant L. lactis expressing mRANKL can play an effective role without a significant
impact on the intestine. This strategy may be useful for the development of oral vaccine adjuvant.
Keywords: cell extracts, RANKL, L. lactis, intestine				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP9-6

Detection of infectious agents causing calf diarrhea
on dairy farms in Korea
MA Miguel, SH Kim, YP Naing, YI Cho and SS Lee
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
miguelmichelle18@yahoo.com

Calf diarrhea is a well-known disease in bovines leading to significant economic losses in the cattle industry, owing
to calf death, growth retardation, and treatment costs. It is commonly caused by infectious agents of viral, bacterial,or parasitic origin. The most common pathogens involved are bovine group A rotavirus (RVA), bovine coronavirus(CoV), Cryptosporidium parvum, Salmonella spp., and pathogenic Escherichia coli. The study was carried out
to investigate the prevalence of pathogens causing diarrhea infection in calves. A total of 75 fecal samples werecollected from different farms in Jeolla, Gyeonggi, and Chungcheong provinces in Korea. A reverse transcriptionPCR (RT-PCR) was conducted to amplify the VP6 gene of group A rotavirus and the N gene of coronavirus.
Meanwhile, detection of pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella spp., and C. parvum was done by conventional PCR.
Results showed that the percentage of positive for bovine rotavirus A, bovine coronavirus, E. coli K99, andSalmonella spp. were 73.33, 36.0, 10.67, and 2.67%, respectively. No C. parvum was detected from the samples.
In the present study, we detected diarrhea-causing pathogens in calves in different provinces in Korea and foundthat bovine rotavirus was the most prevalent cause of diarrhea among calves followed by bovine coronavirus. The
results of this study may help to establish a basis for future research investigating the epidemiology of calf diarrhea
and may facilitate the implementation of measures to control the transmission of calf diarrhea in Korea.
Keywords: calf diarrhea, rotavirus, coronavirus

118

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP10-1

Differential gene expression in ovarian follicle anduterine endometrium in related to fertility of
repeat-breeder dairy cows
P Yama1, NV Linh1,4, N Montha1, HV Doan1,4, C Lumsangkul1,4, N Promsao1, M Sangkate1, A
Suriard1, J Jitjumnong5, R Maktrirat2, J Panatuk3, PC Tang5,6, CK Wang5 and T Moonmanee1,41Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Faculty of Animal Scienceand Technology, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 4Innovative Agriculture Research Center,
Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 5Department of Animal
Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, 6The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology
Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
punnawut_y@cmu.ac.th

The ovary and uterus operate together to create female sex hormones and support the development of a fetus during
pregnancy. On a cellular level, the gene expression in reproductive organs has a serious influence on cow fertility.
The objective of the present research, therefore, is to evaluate the differential gene expression in ovarian follicle
and uterine endometrium of normally fertile (NF) and repeat-breeder (RB) dairy cows. The characteristics of theRB syndrome (a failure to conceive from three or more regularly spaced inseminations in the absence of detectableclinical abnormalities) were used to classify a total of 8 multiparous crossbred Holstein-Friesian dairy cows
into two groups: NF and RB cows. The real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the differential
expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2) gene in ovarian follicle and cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit
alpha 1 (CNGA1) and progesterone receptor (PGR) genes in uterine endometrium. The RB cows had significantly (p< 0.05) lower expression of the BLC2 in ovary and PGR in uterus compared with the NF cows. On the other hand,
the RB cows had a greater (p < 0.05) expression of the CNGA1 in uterus than the NF cows. Our findings impliedthat a loss of fertility in RB dairy cows might be caused by a possible differential expression of anti-apoptotic (BLC2)
and cell proliferation genes (PGR and CNGA1) in reproductive organs.
Keywords: infertile dairy cattle, apoptosis, cell proliferation, reproductive organs

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OP10-2

E2F4 regulates cell cycle in porcine
embryonic development
Wen-Jie Jiang and Xiang-Shun Cui
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
wjjiang0829@163.com

E2F transcription factors are central regulators of cell division and cell fate decisions. E2F4 is a member of theE2Fs transcription factor family and usually represents the predominant E2F activity in cells. The E2F4 gene has
been extensively studied in animals, especially mammals, and has many functions, such as cell cycle regulation
and apoptosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the function of E2F4 and the mechanism in porcine
embryo development. In the present study, we knockdown the mRNA level of E2F4 by the microinjection withdsRNA of E2F4 at 1-cell stage. Firstly, we found that knockdown of E2F4 in porcine embryos leaded to significant
decreased rate of blastocyst. Knockdown of E2F4 reduced cell cycle G1/S checkpoints (Cyclin E-CDK2)
expression at 4-cell and blastocyst. Moreover, knockdown of E2F4 activated the P53-P21 pathway. In addition,
knockdown of E2F4 caused significant decrease of HDAC1 and H3K9ac levels. However, knockdown of E2F4
had no effect on phosphorylated H2A.X variant histone. Taken together, E2F4 plays a critical role in embryonicdevelopment by regulating cell cycle through P53-P21 pathway.
Keywords: E2F4, cell cycle, Cyclin E-CDK2, embryo development120

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP10-3

Expression and regulation of complements
and complement control proteins at thematernal-conceptus interface in pigs
Soohyung Lee, Inkyu Yoo, Yugyeong Cheon and Hakhyun Ka
Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
leseichi@naver.com

The innate immune system plays an essential role in protecting the mother and the fetus against potential pathogens
during pregnancy. The complement system molecules, complements and complement control proteins (CCPs), areessential components of the innate immunity. Complements and CCPs are expressed at the maternal-fetal interface
and the tight regulation of complement activation is critical to protect pregnancy complications in humans andmice. However, the expression and function of complements and CCPs at the maternal-conceptus interface havenot been well studied in pigs. Thus, we analyzed the expression and localization of complements and CCPs in theendometrium during pregnancy in pigs. Complements and CCPs mRNAs in the endometrium were differentiallyexpressed during pregnancy. C1QC, C3, and C4A mRNAs were mainly localized to stromal cells, ITGB2 mRNA
to luminal (LE), glandular epithelial (GE) and stromal cells, and ITGAM protein to LE, GE and stromal cells
in the endometrium. The complement components and CCP mRNAs were also expressed by the conceptus andchorioallantoic tissues. The amounts of C3 protein were greater in uterine flushings and endometrial tissues from
Day15 of pregnancy than those from Day 15 of the estrous cycle. These results showed that complements and
CCPs were expressed at the maternal-conceptus interface during pregnancy, suggesting that the complement
system may play an essential role in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy by regulating the innate
immunity during pregnancy in pigs.
Keywords : pig, pregnancy, innate immune system, complement system

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation Grant (#2019R1A2C100467013) funded by the
Korean Government.

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OP10-4Comparison of various cooling methods andtheir influence on performance and cortisol
accumulation in heat-stressed sows
Habeeb Tajudeen1, SangHun Ha1, Jun Young Mun1,
SeRin Park1, Yo Han Choi2 and JinSoo Kim1
1

Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University,
Chuncheon 24341, Korea, 2Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea
The purpose of our research was to evaluate the results of multiple cooling systems and different drinking watertemperatures (DWT) on sows' performance and hair cortisol levels during heat stress. Forty-eight multiparous
sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; 242.84 ± 2.89 kg) were assigned to four cooling treatments as the air conditioner (AC),cooling pad (CP), snout cooling (SC), mist spray (MS), and two DWT which includes the low water temperature(LWT), and the high-water temperature (HWT). Our experiment had eight replications during the 21-days test.
Sow behaviors such as drinking, standing, and position change times, were lower in the AC and CP comparedwith SC and MS. Lying behavior was higher in the AC and CP compared with SC and MS. Throughout lactation,sows’ productivity such as the average daily feed intake (ADFI), and piglets’ weight at weaning were higher inthe AC and CP compared with the SC and MS. Sows ADFI and piglet weight at weaning were also higher in the
LWT compared with HWT. Sows administered the SC and MS showed higher hair cortisol, rectal temperature,and respiratory rate during lactation than sows administered the AC and CP. The cortisol level, rectal temperature,and respiratory rate were also higher in the HWT compared with the LWT. From our findings, the LWT had no
significant effect on behavioral performance such as drinking, standing, position change times, and lying. We,
therefore, recommend that AC and CP may be the preferred treatment for sows based on behavioral responses
during HS.
Keywords: THI, drinking, cortisol, heat stress122

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP10-5

Overview of lncRNA & mRNA annotation throughout swine
estrous cycle in reproductive tissues
YB Park, B Lim and JM Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
clickbyb@cau.ac.kr

LncRNAs were reported to regulate target genes at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational
regulation levels in a wide variety of species. Since the reproductive traits of pigs are closely related tomanipulating productivity and solving problems such as infertility, an understanding of the mechanism of estrous
cycles is important. These estrous cycles need to understand the complex interactions between various reproductive
tissues (including ovaries, ovaries, endometrium) and the complex range of hormone secretions that appear during
estrous cycles. However, unlike mRNA, lncRNA annotation has not been sufficiently performed, and understandingat the level of protein coding gene has limitations in determining the mechanism of reproductive traits of porcine.
Therefore, we investigated lncRNAs of porcine ovary, oviduct and endometrium at days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, or 18of the estrous cycle. We performed transcript assembly via Stringtie and carefully selected novel lncRNA using
multiple coding potential prediction tools. The genomic characteristics of the newly identified novel lncRNA werecompared with mRNA and summarized. Furthermore, we focused on analyzing the expression patterns of mRNAand lncRNA and finding the key lncRNA through network analysis. We selected four lncRNA networks throughnetwork analysis using WGCNA. The cis-acting genes of lncRNAs included in each network were identified andexpression patterns were compared, and key lncRNAs were selected from the network and functional analysis was
conducted through their cis-acting genes. As in previous studies, lncRNA seems to affect the expression of mRNA
through positive regulation or negative regulation.
Keywords: pig, reproductive tissues, RNA-seq, LncRNA

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP11-1

Effects of vitamin A and vitamin D on myoblast fusion
and myogenic differentiation in the stromal vascular cell
derived from Korean native cattle
JH Lee1, DQ Peng2, XG Jin1, BM Kim1, JS Park1 and HG Lee1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Science, Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science, Jilin
University, 5333 Xi’an Road Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130062, P.R. China
junlee923@gmail.com

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of vitamin A and D treatment on myogenic
differentiation in bovine SV(stromal vascular) cells. The SV cells were isolated from muscle tissue in theslaughtered Korean native cattle. The combination effects of vitamin A and D treatment on myoblast fusion andmyogenic differentiation in bovine SV cells were investigated. As a result, vitamin A increased myoblast fusion(p < 0.01), while vitamin D decreased the fusion index during growing phase (p < 0.01). In addition, vitamin A
treatment in the differentiation phase promoted terminal differentiation by increasing MRFs(Myogenic regulatory
factors), Myf5(Myogenic factor 5), MyoD(Myogenic differentiation 1), MyoG(Myogenin), Myf6(MRF4)
and myotube hypertrophy compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, vitamin D treatment in the
differentiation phase enhanced myogenic differentiation by increasing MyoG, Myf6 mRNA expression (p <0.05). Moreover, we found that combination treatment of vitamin A and D during the growth phase increased
myoblast fusion (p < 0.05) but inhibited gene expression of MRFs(Myogenic regulatory factors). Its treatment in
the differentiation phase also promoted myogenic differentiation by increasing MRFs and hypertrophy (p < 0.01).
In conclusion, these results suggest that vitamin A and D supplementation provides positive a theoretical basis formuscle development in Korean native cattle.
Keywords: bovine stromal vascular cell(SV cell), myogenic differentiation, vitamin D, vitamin A124l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP11-2

Effect of SoRegen Technology® water on the immune
and inflammatory response of chicken PBMCJF Dela Cruz1,2, L Purnamasari2,3, DB Lee4, HA Song2, JS Kim2, IS Nam2 and SG Hwang2
1

College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 2Departmentof Animal Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea,
3
Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember 68121,
Indonesia, 4Research Council of SoRegen Convergence Science, Seoul, Korea
jfdelacruz@up.edu.ph

In recent years, the concept of quantum entanglement received more attention in interdisciplinary development of
quantum informatics and have been comprehensively and deeply studied. This quantum entanglement phenomena
occur throughout nature among atoms and molecules in living species, within metal and other materials.
SoRegen technology (ST) proposed that exposure to quantum entanglement signal will improve the function
and characteristics of the materials. In order to investigate the changes in biological effects, water samples were
exposed to signal from SoRegen chip for 48hrs. This study evaluates the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory
effects of ST-exposed water in broiler and layer Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC). Chicken PBMCs
were isolated using the Ficoll Histopaque technique and were cultured in RPMI media prepared with or without
ST-exposed water. Cell proliferation assay showed that PBMC cultured in ST-exposed media had a significantly
higher percentage of proliferation after 24 and 48 hours. The mRNA and protein expression of immune modulating
and pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-2, IL-6, iNOS, INFγ, TNFa and NFKB exhibited a marked increase following
stimulation of the cells by LPS and Con A when compared with the non-stimulated cells. However, stimulated cells
grown in ST-exposed water media showed a strikingly decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, except
for the upregulation of INFγ expression in both broiler and layer PBMC, and IL-2 expression in layer PBMC.
These data demonstrate that ST-exposed water was able to modulate the immune and inflammatory response of
PBMC and can be possibly used to improve the immune status of chickens to resist diseases.
Keywords: anti-inflammation, SoRegen Technology®, PBMC, chicken				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP11-3

Formation of chicken muscle fiber on decellularizedcelery scaffold for cultured meat production
TK Hong1,2 and JT Do1,2
1

Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology,
Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea, 23D Tissue Culture Research Center,
Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
htk0518@gmail.com

Producing cultured meat rely on muscle tissue engineering with myogenic cell. For this, it is important to establish
a three-dimensional model of a cell-based structure, and derive functional muscle unit through differentiation.
Recent studies have conducted cell positioning through scaffolds for three-dimensional culture. However, thesescaffolds often need complex processing and high-cost materials, making it difficult for manufacturing. In thisstudy, scaffold was derived using plant tissue — which is economically superior, and more conveniently produced.
In addition, plant derived scaffolds are edible, suitable for food processing.
Decellularized plant scaffold was analyzed to confirm suitability for chicken myoblast culture. We also exploredculture medium composition suitable for cultivating chicken muscle tissue-like structure and analyzed the celllevel effect of each media composition on myoblasts. By seeding chicken myoblasts on the scaffold, differentiationand formation of muscle fiber was observed. Furthermore, the effects of three-dimensional culture on myoblast
were determined by analyzing the expression of myogenic transcription factors. Reverse transcription quantitative
real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry showed myogenesis among cultured structures. Finally, prolonged
chicken myoblast culture on decellularized scaffold produced skeletal muscle fiber-like structure. This structure
displayed similar morphology and function with native skeletal muscle fiber and exhibited spontaneous contractile
movement as skeletal muscle model. Overall, practical use of decellularized plant scaffolds may provide efficient,cost-effective production platform for edible skeletal muscle structure.
Keywords: myoblasts, decellularized plant scaffold, cultured meat, tissue engineering

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OP11-4

Milk replacer containing BSF for different kinds of goat kid:meat and dairy type
DA Astuti1, D Yulistiani2, A Tarigan2, N Fikriyah1 and SNL Nabawi1
1

IPB University, Indonesia, 2Animal Research Centre, Bogor, Indonesia
dewiaa@apps.ipb.ac.id

The utilization of black soldier fly has already known as a high quality ingredient. Meanwhile there are two
types of goats, meat and dairy purpose, where they have different ways of using nutrients to make product. The
objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of milk replacer containing meal and oil of black soldier fly on
the performance of preweaning Boerka (Boer × Kacang goat) and sapera (Saanen × Ettawa goat) crossbred kids.
This study was arranged by completely randomized block design with factorial, first factor is type of kids (boerka
as meat type and sapera as dairy type) and the second factor is type of diet (goat milk and BSF milk replacer with
27% iso protein). Twenty pre-weaning goat kids with average initial body weight were 3.0 ± 1.15 kg assigned in
an individual cage to evaluate of nutrients intake, performance and FCR during four weeks. Results showed that
there were interactions between treatments with significance difference of nutrient intakes and FCR. Sapera goat
kids have higher nutrient intakes but also higher FCR, so that the daily gain were same of both kinds of kid. It
is concluded that milk replacer containing BSF meal and oil could replace goat milk for Boerka (meat type) and
Sapera (dairy type) kids with average daily gain around 107 g/d.
Keywords: Boerka, black soldier fly, milk replacer, Sapera

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OP11-5

Effects of yeast hydrolysate on the differentiation of
Hanwoo beef cattle stromal vascular cells
SH Kim1,4, JF Dela Cruz2,4, L Purnamasari3,4 and SG Hwang4
1

Central Research Institute of DAEHO CO., LTD, Hwaseong, Korea, 2College of Veterinary
Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 3Department of Animal Husbandry,
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia, 4Department of Animal Lifeand Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea
jfdelacruz@up.edu.phDifferent type of yeast and its byproducts such as yeast cell wall, yeast extract and yeast hydrolysate are widelyused in ruminant feeding available due to its nutritional and immunological properties. The modes of actions ofyeasts in ruminants have been extensively studied but remained ambiguous. This study was designed to evaluate
the effects of yeast hydrolysate (YH) on the development of intramuscular fat deposition in Hanwoo beef cattle
stromal vascular cells (SVC) in vitro. SVC were isolated from Hanwoo beef cattle and were treated with different
concentrations of YH (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 ug/mL). Determination of preadipocyte commitment showed that YH
dose dependently increased the mRNA expression of Zfp423 and Pref-1. Adipocyte differentiation was evaluatedby lipid accumulation and adipogenic transcription factor gene expression. The lipid droplets accumulated in
the cytoplasm monitored by Oil Red O staining revealed a significant increase in triglyceride content upon YH
supplementation in a dose dependent manner. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed up-regulation of theadipogenic factors PPARγ, C/EBPα, AP2, FAS, LPL, SCD and SREBP-1c with YH treatment. These results
demonstrated that YH can potentially promote the preadipocyte commitment and lipid accumulation in Hanwoo
beef cattle SVC.
Keywords: yeast hydrolysate, adipogenesis, Hanwoo, SVC

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Animal Science Congress

OP11-6Signaling pathway of melanoma differentiation-associatedprotein 5 (MDA5) for the immune response against
RNA ligands in chicken DF1 cell
SP Shin1, SE Kim1, IS Ha1, GH Kim2, HJ Ryu2 and TS Park1,2
1

Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354,
Korea, 2Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology,
Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
sinseng1234@snu.ac.kr

The innate immune system plays a crucial role as the first-line of host defense against invading pathogens. The
initiation of innate immune responses is orchestrated by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). These receptors
can sense pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), andinitiate innate immune signaling pathways. Upon RNA ligand infection, it is recognized by RIG-I like receptors(RLRs) including retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5),
and activates mitochondrial signaling adaptors such as mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) which
provides the platform to recruit downstream kinase and activation of type I IFN signaling pathway. In this study,
we investigated MDA5 pathway through MDA5-MAVS-STING-IFN-β signaling cascade. The targeted knockout
DF1 cells were developed by the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9
platform, and the signaling pathway was analyzed through chMDA5, chMAVS and chSTING.
Keywords: chicken, innate immunity, CRISPR/Cas9, MDA5, MAVS, STING, RNA ligands				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP12-1

A study on GWAS analysis of teat number traits in pigs
Jun Park, Chong-Sam Na, Kyung-Do Park and Hak-Kyo Lee
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
jpbreed90@naver.com

This study was conducted to analyze teat number traits in pigs and to investigate the genetic region andcandidate genes that are expected to affect teat number traits. The phenotypic data used in the analysis were
22,096 and 87,706 and 130,807 in Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire, respectively, and the genomic data werecollected from 1,796, 6,625 and 11,585 breeds, respectively. The mean total number of teats(TNT) was 12.44± 1.15, 15.55 ± 1.37, 15.73 ± 1.52 in Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire, respectively, and the heritabilities were0.33±0.02, 0.42±0.01 and 0.50±0.01, respectively. GWAS analysis revealed that markers were expected to havesignificant effects on TNT, and 3 (MARC0038565, ASGA0035527, H3GA0022664) in Duroc, 8 (H3GA0022659,
INRA0027622, MARC003855, H3GA002264, ASGA0080021244, and 8 (H3GA002265, H3GA002264) in
Landrace. 7 (M1GA0010653, MARC0038565, ASGA003536, H3GA0022644, M1GA0010674, M1GA0025060,
MARC0089740) in ALGA0043941, DRGA00008026, ALGA0043907) and Yorkshire. The results of this study canbe used as reference materials to improve the ability of sows and increase the efficiency of improvement by using
the gene regions and candidate genes related to teat number traits in pigs.
Keywords : pig, teat number traits, genome-wide association study (GWAS), candidate genes

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OP12-2

Genome-wide association study on free amino acid andnucleotide components of breast meat in F2
crossbred chicken population
MJ Kim1, EJ Cho1, JH Cha2, DH Jin3 and JH Lee1
1

Chungnam National University, Deajeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science,
Wanju, Korea, 3National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea
mjkim6023@naver.com

The flavor is an important sensory characteristic of chicken meat. To improve the cooked meat flavor, managing
the contents of free amino acids (FAA) and nucleotides (NT) will be an effective strategy. As a genetic approachto control the FAA and NT compounds, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on the contentsof 24 types of FAA and 4 types of NT in the 771 chickens breast meat of the F2 crossbred population of Ogye
and White Leghorn breeds. Through the analysis of FAA, we observed only four traits (arginine, glycine,lysine, and sum of essential amino acid contents) that showed significant SNPs. The significant variants in thearginine were positioned at the intron region in the RCBTB2 gene and the intergenic region between HNMTand ENSGALG00000047828 gene. In the case of glycine, a significant variant was captured in the intergenic
region between ENSGAL00000052522 and LSAMP. For lysine contents, three significant SNPs were observedin the intron region of the MTOR gene. The strongest tendency of significance was captured in the sum ofessential amino acid contents. They were two intron variants of CREB5 and one intergenic mutation between
ENSGAL00000033461 and HNMT. In the result of GWAS with NT, the inosine contents trait showed significancein chromosome 4 (three SNPs in a wide intergenic region between PPARGC1A and ENSGALG00000040208) and 1(single mutation of the intron region of RCBTB1). This finding will be the basis for identifying associated markers
for genetic improvement in the chicken meat flavor.
Keywords: chicken, free amino acids, nucleotide, GWAS				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP12-3

Identification of transcriptome profiling andbiological changes of endocrine system treatment
in mouse by Bisphenol-A
SM Oh, Y Park and JM Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
tmdaldh98@cau.ac.kr

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is reported to have a negative effect on estrogenic activity and accounts for a large proportionof endocrine-disrupting substances that interfere with hormone regulation in organisms. However, a detailed
study is needed in this process on which mechanism is activated in the endocrine system that regulates hormone
secretion. The aim of this study is to identify the biological changes that occur in the endocrine system by BPA
and the genes that affect these changes. Four endocrine tissues (cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid)
were treated with 50 mg of BPA (case), and 4 control tissues were selected. RNA-seq analysis identified 553
significant DEGs (p < 0.01, log2FC ≥ |1|). The expression patterns of genes according to specific pathways werecompared and analyzed through the integrated network and function analysis based on the KEGG database. The
hematopoietic cell lineage pathway was significantly meaningful (p = 8.89E-09) which was found that most DEGs
were down-regulated in the pituitary and up-regulated in the thyroid tissue. We confirmed that gene expression
patterns accounted for a larger proportion of thyroid tissue compared to pituitary tissue via pathway profiling
analysis. According to the integrated analysis result, H2-EB1, the protein-coding gene with a central role in the
immune system, accounts for a significant portion. This transcriptome analysis showed that the interpretation of
specific genes equally expressed in neuroactivity, hormonal regulation, and immunological activation pathways
will help understand the mechanism of the endocrine system.
Keywords: Bisphenol-A, endocrine tissues, RNA-seq, integrative analysis

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OP12-4

A case-control genome-wide association study ofeumelanin pigmentation in chicken plumage
SY Heo1, JH Park1, JH Cha2, DH Jin3 and JH Lee1
1

Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science,
Wanju, Korea, 3National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea
heoseonyeong9@gmail.com

Chicken plumage colouration can be used to characterize breeds and identify populations. Although many studies
have been conducted to find the genetic basis for the pigmentation of chicken body plumage, the criteria forclassifying the variance of colouration were subjective. Recent studies have been conducted to quantify yellow
plumage colouration related to pheomelanin and to find genes that affect its expression, but it is difficult to findsuch a study on eumelanin. Here, we performed a case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS) using
an F2 population crossed from two different lines, the White Leghorn and the Yeonsan Ogye, which is Korean
indigenous chicken with all black external features. The process of classifying case and control group of eumelaninpigmentation is as follows: RGB values of all pixels in the segmented image layers were derived, and principal
component analysis (PCA) was conducted. To classify high eumelanin pigmented (HP) and low pigmented group(LP), k-means clustering method was employed. As a result, 62 significant SNP markers were identified in the 31.6
– 74.5 Mbp region of chromosome 33 based on Bonferroni correction (p =2.23 × 10-6) using chicken 60K SNP
BeadChip. Furthermore, Gga_rs14684284 is the most significant SNP (p = 8.60 × 10-91) found to be present at 430
bp upstream of PMEL, a gene that affects eumelanin synthesis.
Keywords: chicken plumage colour, eumelanin pigmentation, genome-wide association study

This work was supported by Institute of Information & communications Technology Planning & Evaluation(IITP)
grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.2020-0-01441, Artificial Intelligence Convergence ResearchCenter(Chungnam National University)).

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OP12-5

Identification of complement factor H related 5 gene andits association with meat quality, carcass
characteristics, and retail meat cut in sheep
A Gunawan1, K Listyarini1, A Yudhananda1, K Roosita2 and C Sumantri1
1

Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science,
IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, 2Department of Community Nutrition,
Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
agunawan@apps.ipb.ac.id

Complement Factor H Related 5 (CFHR5) gene is predicted as candidate gene which play important roles inmeat quality, carcass characteristics, and retail meat cut. The aim of this study was to analyse the genotype
polymorphism and to study association CFHR5 gene with meat quality, carcass characteristics, and retail meatcut in sheep. A total of 100 rams were used for identification of gene polymorphism. Identification of gene
polymorphism of CFHR5 gene were performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length
Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Association CFHR5 gene was analyzed using a General Linear Model (GLM). The
SNP of CFHR5 gene (g.993 C>T) were polymorphics and showed three genotypes (CC, CT, and TT). The chisquare test revealed that CFHR5 gene was detected in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE). Association analysis
revealed that CFHR5 gene was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with carcass characteristics including carcass
length; retail meat cut including total weight in flank, muscle in flank, subcutan fat in loin, shank, and neck,intramuscular fat in rack, pelvic fat in loin, and bone in neck. However, the CFHR5 gene was not significantly
associated with meat quality. The TT genotype was associated with higher level of carcass characteristics and theCT genotype was associated with lower level of carcass characteristics, while retail meat cut was vice verca. It
could be concluded that CFHR5 gen was a potential to be a candidate gene for carcass characteristics and retailmeat cut in sheep.
Keywords: CFHR5 gene, meat quality, carcass characteristics, retail meat cut

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OP12-6In-silico homology-based modelling of an MHC class I
molecule in Korean native chicken
TK Ediriweera1, MJ Kim2, EJ Cho1 and JH Lee1,21Department of Bio-AI Convergence, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University,
Daejeon, Korea, 2Division of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences,
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
tkediriweera@gmail.com

The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecule, expressed by the BF2 gene, is crucial for antigenpresentation in chicken. We aimed to predict its 3D-structure for the Red Korean Native Chicken (KNC-R) line.
Blood-derived DNA was extracted from a KNC-R bird (homozygous for LEI0258 marker, MHC-B SNP (90)panel) and amplified the BF2 gene through long-range PCR followed by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) using
Illumina NovaSeq. NGS data were assembled with reference-based mapping (NCBI Ref.no: AB268588.1) using‘Geneious prime (2022.0.1)’ software. The Coding Sequence (CDS) was obtained by annotating the consensus
with reference and manually curated. The CDS accession was validated using RefSeq references: FJ770458,
FJ770459 and the IPD-MHC website’s gaga-BF2 references (15). The amino acid (AA) sequence obtained throughCDS translation was fed to the “SWISS-MODEL” with β-2 microglobulin (NCBI ref.no: AB178590) as thehetero-target. 6IRL of RCSB-PDB was the template. As predicted, the BF2 (2,022 bp) generates a CDS (1,068
bp, 8 exons) that encodes 355AA protein (MW:38.980 kDa). The GMQE, GSQE, sequence identity, coverage,
sequence similarity values were 0.75, 0.78, 93.21%,0.78 and 0.61 respectively. The model’s QMEANDisCo value,
MolProbity score, clash score, Ramachandran favored%, Ramachandran outliers%, Rotamer outliers%, C-Betadeviations, Bad Bonds and Bad angels were 0.86 ± 0.05, 0.57, 0.17, 99.45%, 0.00%, 0.98%, 0, 0/3036 and 25/4129
respectively. These indicate predicted in-silico homology-based model for the KNC-R line is highly acceptable,
thus facilitating molecular docking.
Keywords: BF2, in-silico homology modelling, KNC-R, MHC
Institute of Information & communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP), Korea government (MSIT)(No.2020-0-01441), Artificial Intelligence Convergence Research Center (Chungnam National University.

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August 24
Poster Presentaion

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1

Non-ruminant Nutrition

Aug. 24, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP1-2

Effect of banana leaf meal (Musa sapientum L.) on productive performance and egg
quality of laying Japanese quails
O Arunsangseesod1, T Chintu1, P Boonrung1, W Eiempo1 and A Chantiratikul1,2
1
Division of Animal Science, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham,
Thailand, 2Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Faculty of Technology,
Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand

PP1-4

Stimbiotic supplementation alleviates decrease of performance and inflammatory
response in weaned piglets induced by challenge with E. coli
DC Song1, JW Lee1, WG Kwak1, MH Song2, HJ Oh1, YJ Kim1, JW An1, SY Chang1, YB Go1,
HA Cho1, HB Kim3 and JH Cho1
1
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea,
2
Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
3
Department of Animal Resource, and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea

PP1-6

Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on oxidative status andinflammatory response of spleen in broiler chickens under heat stress
Wen-Chao Liu1, Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian2, Di-Pai Zhuang1, Yue Zhao1 andZhi-Hui Zhao1
1
Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean
University, Zhanjiang 524088, China,
2
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul
05006, Korea

PP1-8

Effect of dietary glycine supplementation on productive performance, egg quality,
immune response, and stress indicator of laying hens raised under heat stressconditions
SY Won, JH Nam, CH Kwon, JH Lee, HW Kim and DY Kil
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea

PP1-10Evaluation of tryptophan biomass as an alternative to conventional crystalline
tryptophan in broiler diets
JH Lee1, JH Kim1, DY Kim1, CH Kwon1, SY Won1, HW Kim1, BK Koo2 and DY Kil1
1
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea, 2CJ CheilJedang, BIO ANH, Seoul, Korea

PP1-12

Supplementation of fiber on growth performance of growing pigs subjected to heatstressJE Kim1, Hosseindoust Abdolreza2, YJ Min1, HJ Jin1, HJ Chung1, SJ Sa1, DY Jeon1, YD Jeong1,
JS Kim2 and YH Choi1
1
Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan 31000, Korea, 2Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National
University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-14

Effects of dietary yeast cell wall on growth performance, carcass yields, andintestinal morphology of broiler chickens
HJ Kyoung1, HB Lee2, JW Kang1, SW Park1, SY Kim1, YH Kim1, KI Park1, JM Ahn1, JI Lee1,
Ha SW1, YM Park1, WT Kim1 and MH Song1
1Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Pathway Intermediates, Seoul, Korea

PP1-16

Effects of dietary yeast cell wall on immune responses, ileal gene expression, andileal microbiota of broiler chickens
HJ Kyoung1, HB Lee2, JW Kang1, SW Park1, SY Kim1, YH Kim1, KI Park1, JM Ahn1, JI Lee1,
SW Ha1 and MH Song1
1Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Pathway Intermediates, Seoul, Korea

PP1-18

Effect of heat stress according to THI levels on growth performance and immune
response in finishing pigs
YH Kim, HJ Kyoung, KI Park, JM Ahn, JI Lee, SW Ha, JW Nam and MH Song1
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP1-20Effect of red yeast (Sporidiobolus pararoseus) as an antibiotic growth promoter
alternative in broiler chickens
Y Mongkol1, T Wanaporn2,3, S Orranee2 and C Thanongsak4
1
Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,
2
Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang
Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 4Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry,
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

PP1-22

Evaluating the efficacy of xylanase supplementation in wheat-added diets
JS Hong1, MH Yu1, EO Oketch1, NM Shan1, HH Yun2, AL Lee2 and JM Heo1
1
Chungnam National University, Korea, 2Animal Health Solution, CJ Bio Animal Nutrition, Korea

PP1-24

Evaluation between high versus low dose zinc oxide in the diet with or withoutprobiotic supplementation on weaning pigs' growth performance, nutrient
digestibility, fecal microbiota, noxious gas emissions, and fecal score
CB Lim, H Md Raihanul, S Biswas, SD Upadhaya and IH Kim
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea

PP1-26

Taurine-conjugated bile acids increase by high cholesterol and low choline dietfeeding in chicken
WY Yang and YY Lin
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

PP1-28

Effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics on growth performance of nursery
pigs
C Timoging1, FC Reyes1, E Angeles1, V Galarosa2 and JB Lacuesta1
1
Philchema, Inc., Quezon, Philippines, 2Siniloan Feeds Corp. Laguna, Philippines				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP1-30Effects of dietary level of immunoSEB plus a probiotic on performance and gut
microflora of broiler chickens
SangHun Ha1, Anushka Lokhande1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, Chang Beon Lee1,
Santosh Laxman Ingale3 and JinSoo Kim1
1
Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd., 400-604 Thane, India

PP1-32

Improvement of weanling pigs immune status and metabolic condition using ultraweak light
JunYoung Mun1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, SangHun Ha1, JeeHwan Choi2, KyoMun Choo3
and JinSoo Kim1
1
Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2Department of Swine Science, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries,
Jeonju 54874, Korea ,3Busanbio, Nonghyup Feed Co. Ltd., Busan 48475, Korea

PP1-34

Elimination of bordetella by different types of bacteriophage usage in challenged
pigs
JongWan Park1, SangHun Ha1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, JunYoung Mun1, Sang In Park1,
SuHyup Lee2 and JinSoo Kim1
1
Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2Department of Swine Science, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries,
Jeonju 54874, Korea

PP1-36

Studies on the utilization of leaf protein concentrate from mulberry (Morus alba) as
a protein source in diets on growth performance of Rhode Thai chicken
S Klaitanoad1, B Chutthong2, C Sorachakula2, C Jung3 and K Danmek1
1
University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand, 2Chaingmai University, Chaingmai, Thailand,3
Andong National University, Andong, Korea

PP1-38Fecal inocula from different age of pigs changed in vitro fermentability of dry
matter and production of short chain fatty acids
JC Jang1,2, SH Oh1,2, GC Shurson3 and PE Urriola3
1
Division of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea, 2Agri-Food
Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea, 3Department of Animal
Science, University of Minnesota, MN 55108, USA

PP1-40Effect of DHA supplementation on broilers' growth performance, meat quality, andblood profile
CB Lim, SD Upadhaya, KM Kim, S Vetriselvi, ST Wahid and IH Kim
Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea

PP1-42

Evaluation of dietary feed additives for laying hens
YB Kim1, MC Keum1, DH Kim1, S Lee1, SS Joo2, BC Ban2, M Kim2, MJ Kim3, HJ Jung3
and KW Lee1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resource & Life Sciences, Pusan National
University, Miryang 50463, Korea, 3Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Instituteof Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-44

Effect of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) as a soybean meal replacement on theperformance, meat quality, and blood parameters of broilers
JE Kim, CI Lim and KS Ryu
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP1-46

Observation of behavioral characteristics and thermal changes of laying hens
before and after laying eggs
HK Kang1, WD Lee1, HK Shin1, DH Yoon2 and HM Jun2
1
Poultry Research Institute, Rural Development Administration National Institute of Animal
Science, Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Division of Mechanical System Engineering, Jeonbuk National
University, Jeon-ju, Korea

PP1-48

Effects of dietary xylanase in a high non-starch polysaccharides diet on growth
performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, and immune responses of weaned pigs
JM Ahn1, HJ Kyoung1, KI Park1, YH Kim1, JI Lee1, SW Ha1, MA Park2, JO Moon­and MH Song1
1Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2CJ CheilJediang, Suwon, Korea

PP1-50Effects of protease on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gas emission, andIntestinal morphology in weaned pigs
MJ Gim, XH Jin and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea

PP1-52

Effects of feeding Burdock on meat quality and antioxidative activity in loin of pigs
YD Jeong, JE Kim, YJ Min, YH Choi, DW Kim, HJ Chung, SJ Sa, DY Jeon and HJ Jin
Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea

PP1-54

Effects of selenium source and level on the physiological response, reproductive
performance, serum Se level and milk composition in gestating sows
XH JIN, CS Kim, MJ Gim and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-56

Effects of supplementation of non-toxic sulfur on growth performance, immune
response, fecal microflora, sulfur amino acids composition and pork quality ingrowing-Finishing pigs
HW Shin, XH Jin, MJ Kim and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

PP1-58

Effects of dietary supplementation of barley sprout on anti-obesity in dogs
KH Kim, KM Seo, JL Chun, JH Jeon, CH Kim, SJ Lim and HW Cho
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

PP1-60A preliminary study into nutritional composition, extraction methods andantioxidant activities of polysaccharides from algae as prebiotic for livestock
P Pootthachaya1, B Tengjaroenkul2, B Yuangsoi3 and S Wongtangtintharn1
1
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen,
Thailand, 2Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen
University, Thailand, 3Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University,
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PP1-62

Effects of selenium sources and levels on the physiological responses, blood
profiles, milk composition and tissue concentration of lactating sows
NR Pan, CS Kim, XH Jin and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-64Microwave-dried black soldier fly larvae meal as an alternative protein ingredient tosoybean meal in laying hen diets
BH Kim, SH Park, MJ Kim, JY Jeong and HJ Jung
1
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, 2Rural
Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea

PP1-66Regression study to investigate the relationship between heat stress and carcass
characteristics in pigs
DS Lee1, DK Yoo1, HR Kim2 and JK Seo1
1
Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea 2National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

PP1-68

Effects of dietary supplementation of expanded polystyrene on growth traits, blood
properties, and production performance in laying hens
CT Chang, YQ Huang, CP Wu and JM Li
National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan

PP1-70A prediction equation for energy digestibility in feeds using a multi-sample
simultaneous digestion method for pigs
NA Park, J Son and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-72Estimation of dry matter and crude protein residues originating from exogenous
digestive enzymes based on the amounts of pepsin and pancreatin used in 2-stepin vitro assays
YS Song, HS Kim and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-74

A prediction equation for estimating energy digestibility of swine feeds using invitro total tract disappearance of dry matter
JW Roh, J Kim, J Son and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-76

Effects of different copper sources and levels on copper digestibility, fecal mineralexcretion and mineral status in growing pigs
Min Ji Kim, Pil Nam Seong, Jin Young Jeong, Seol Hwa Park, Byeong Hyeon Kim
and Hyunjung Jung
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

PP1-78Optimum supplemental chromium concentrations for alleviating the detrimental
effects of heat stress on weight gain in broiler chicken
H Kim, BG Kim and KW Lee
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

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PP1-80Evaluation of enteric methane production from growing and finishing pigs
DH Kim, JH Shin, SH Lee and HK Ahn
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP1-82

Effect of a single or combination of dietary glycine and betaine supplementation on
growth performance and breast meat quality in broiler chickens raised under heatstress conditions
SY Won, DY Kim, CH Kwon, JH Lee, HW Kim and DY Kil
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea

PP1-84

Effects of dietary levels of corngluten meal on growth performance, blood
characteristics, and meat quality in broiler chick
DW Kim1, KE Kim2, SH Lee3, HY Kim3 and HG Nho1
1
Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea, 2Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea,
3
Kongju National University, Yeosan, Korea

PP1-86

Supplementing amino acids in low protein diets for broiler chickens
IH Cho1, SH An1, CW Lee1, JH Yoon1, N Namgung2 and C Kong1
1
Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea, 2Livestock Science R&D Center, EASY Holdings
Co Ltd., Seoul, Korea

PP1-88Supplementation effects of feed additive containing multi-probiotic strains andSchisandra chinensis combined with eggshell in broilers
SH Kim, SG Moon, SW Jeon, YQ Wang, JY On, MG Choi and SK Kim
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea

PP1-90Effects of feeding strategies on physiological parameters and reproductive
performance of early gestating sows
SP Su1, W Jantasin2, YD Hsuuw1, JW Lee1 and LC Hsia1,3
1
Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung Universityof Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, 2Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Yu Chou
Friendly Agriculture Research Institute, Pingtung, Taiwan

PP1-92

Effects of different feeding strategies on behavior of late gestating sows
SP Su1, YD Hsuuw1, W Jantasin2, JW Lee1 and LC Hsia1,3
1
Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung Universityof Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, 2Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Yu Chou
Friendly Agriculture Research Institute, Pingtung, Taiwan

PP1-94

Effects of Ganoderma lucidum on immune response of broilers
CN Gyawali1, JW Lee1, W Jantasin2 and LC Hsia1,3
1
Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung Universityof Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, 2Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Yu Chou
Friendly Agriculture Research Institute, Pingtung, Taiwan

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PP1-96

Energy concentration, nutrient and dietary fiber digestibilities of banana meal in
broiler chickens
AP Maderse, KRC Sernande and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines

PP1-98

Effect of exogenous protease supplementation on nitrogen balance, growth
performance, and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens
GDL Vidal, AB Magarro and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines

PP2

Ruminant Nutrition

Aug. 24, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP2-2

Evaluation of rumen microbiome of early fattening Hanwoo steers with different
feed efficiencies
CJ Park1, HS Lee1,2, S Yoon1, SH Sim1, HS Seon1, MS Kim1, SG Jung1 and M Kim1
1
Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Korea, 2Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

PP2-4

Effects of level of heat stress on physiological parameters and performance in
Hanwoo steers during the early-fattening period
JS Woo1, HR Kim2 and KK Park1
1
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

PP2-6

Assessment of fecal microbiome of late fattening Hanwoo steers with different feed
efficiencies
HS Seon1, HS Lee1,2, S Yoon1, SH Sim1, CJ Park1 and M Kim1
1
Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju 61186, Korea, 2Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan

PP2-8

Effect of technological feed processing methods on feed milk value of oat grain incomparison with barley grain in lactating dairy cows
Marcela Tosta, Luciana L. Prates and Peiqiang Yu
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresouces, University of
Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Canada

PP2-10Analysis of changes in composition of elk velvet antler through lysine feeding
DK Kim, ED Lee, J Lee, SS Lee, BH Choi and KW Kim
Animal Genetics Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Hamyang Gyeongnam, Korea

PP2-12

Diversity of ruminal bacteria in Korean native ruminants
HG Sung1, JH Seo2 and JY Han2
1
Sangji University, Wonju, Korea 2Dep. of Animal Science, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea

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PP2-14The effects of propionic acid on the fermentive charateristics and mycotoxin
reductions in silage of rice straw contaminated mycotoxins
HG Sung
Sangji University, Wonju, Korea

PP2-16

Effect of feed conversion ratio during each gestation period on blood metabolites,
calf weight, and body size traits in Hanwoo cows
MS Park, SS Jang, GS Jang, SR Cho, UH Kim, SS Kang, BH Park, JI Won, S Jin and HJ Lee
Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Gangwon-do, Korea

PP2-18

Effect of expanded flaxseed supplementation on growth performance, blood
metabolites and carcass characteristics of the late-fattening Hanwoo steers
SH Lee1, KH Son1, MH Song1, HJ Cha1, JS Ahn2, JK Park3, JY Song3, SJ Yun3, EG Kwon1,
JS Shin1 and BK Park1
1
Kangwon National University, Chunchen, Korea, 2Nonghyup Livestock Research Center, Anseong, Korea,
3Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea

PP2-20Effect of energy and protein contents in commercial calf starters on rumen
fermentation and growth performance in Hanwoo calves
HJ Cha1, GH Son1, MH Song1, SH Lee1, JS Ahn2, JK Park3, JY Song3, SJ Yoon3, EG Kwon1,
JS Shin1 and BK Park1
1
Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea,
2Nonghyup Livestock Research Center, Anseong, South Korea, 3Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea

PP2-22

Effect of micronutrient (L-tryptophan) imprinting on growth performance, fecal
consistency, and blood parameter of Hanwoo calves
GH Son1, HJ Cha1, MH Song1, SH Lee1, JS Ahn2, JK Park3, JY Song3, SJ Yoon3, EG Kwon1,
BG Park1 and JS Shin1
1
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Nonghyup Livestock Research Center, Anseong, Korea,
3Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea

PP2-24

Estimation of different feed sources on in vitro fermentation characteristics andgreenhouse gases in the rumen
MJ Seo1, SM Jeong1, YH Joo1, SS Lee2, DHV Paradhipta3 and SC Kim1
1
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus, Insti. of Agric. & Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju 52828, Korea, 2Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute ofAnimal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea, 3Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Facultyof Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55218, Indonesia

PP2-26

Influence of high concentration organic mineral on oxidative status and heat shockproteins in Holstein calves during short-term heat stress and recovery period
AR Son1, SH Kim1, LL Mamuad1, MA Miguel1, YP Naing1, EJ Go1, S Kim2 and SS Lee1
1
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Woosungvet Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Korea

PP2-28

Milk performance and quality are negatively associated with heat stress in Korea
dairy system
DK Yoo1, DS Lee1, HR Kim2 and JK Seo1
1
Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

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PP2-30The use of rumen bolus sensors to detect physiological changes in stressed
growing Holstein steers
JH Wang, DK Yoo and JK Seo
Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea

PP2-32

Correlations between ambient temperature and body weight of Hanwoo calves
JE Kim1, PN Seong1, HR Kim1, SD Lee2 and YK Lee1
1
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animals Science, Rural
Development Administration, Wanju, Korea, 2Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea

PP2-34

Effect of the microalgae Parachlorella sp. supplementation on in vitro rumen
fermentation and methane production
SH Sim1, HS Lee1, HS Seon1, CJ Park1, ZH Kim2, CS Lee2 and M Kim1
1
Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju 61186, Korea, 2Microbial Research Department, Nakdongang National Institute of Biological
Resources, Sangju 37242, Korea

PP2-36

Effects of forage-to-concentrate ratio on growth performance, rumen parameters,
and methane production in Hanwoo growing heifers
S Jeong1, H Cho1, K Kang1, S Jeon1, M Lee1, H Kang1, J Seo2, J Oh3 and S Seo1
1
Chunganam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea,
3
Cargill Animal Nutrition Korea, Seongnam, Korea

PP2-38

Application of the hand-held laser methane detector for measuring enteric methane
emissions from cattle in an intensive farming
K Kang1, H Cho1, S Jeong1, S Jeon1, M Lee1, S Lee2, Y Baek2, J Oh3 and S Seo1
1
Chunganam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea,
3
Cargill Animal Nutrition Korea, Seongnam, Korea

PP2-40Milk replacer containing black soldier fly (BSF) for different knds of goat kid: meatand dairy type
DA Astuti1, D Yulistiani2, A Tarigan2, N Fikriyah1 and SNL Nabawi1
1
IPB University , Bogor, Indonesia, 2Animal Research Centre, Bogor, Indonesia

PP2-42The impact of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris supplementation on in vitro rumen
fermentation and methane production
HS Seon1, SH Sim2, HS Lee1, CJ Park1, ZH Kim2, CS Lee2 and M Kim1
1
Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju 61186, Korea, 2Microbial Research Department, Nakdongang National Institute of Biological
Resources, Sangju 37242, Korea

PP2-44

Effects of different levels of dietary nutrients on rumen and fecal microbiomes in
Hanwoo calves
JY Song1, SJ Yun1, JK Park1, JH Lee1, HD Jang1, GM Chu1, H Seon2, CJ Park2, S Sim2, H Lee2and M Kim2
1
Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea, 2Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea

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PP2-46

In vitro evaluation of phlorotannin derivatives effects and its relationship withhydroxyl group on mitigation of rumen methane emission
YR Kim1, KY Park1, SH Keum1, YH Jo1, GN Jalil1, WJ Yoon2, JS Lee1 and HG Lee1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Science Konkuk University,
Seoul 05029, Korea; 2Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Korea

PP2-48

Research on the delicacy of the intramuscular fat of Hanwoo steer and developmentof feeding technology
Sunsik Jang, Hyunjeong Lee and Gisuk Jang
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Korea

PP2-50Effects of feeding level and methods of milk replacer on growth performance ofHanwoo calves
WY Jeong1, SR Lee1, YJ Na1,2 and YJ Choi1
1
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2Antller Inc., Seoul, Korea

PP2-52Development of a model for predicting daily Intake of partial mixed ration inlactating dairy cows using sensor data and support vector regression algorithm
Mingyung Lee1, Seong-Min Park2, Kwang-Seok Ki2 and Seongwon Seo2
1
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea

PP2-54

Effects of newly developed rumen buffers on in vitro fermentation characteristics
DK Yoo1, JK Park2, JY Song2, GM Chu3, SJ Yun2, JH Lee2 and JK Seo1
1
Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea, 2Nonghyup Feed Co, Ltd, Seoul, Korea, 3Busan-Bio,
Nonghyup Feed Co, Ltd, Pusan, Korea

PP2-56

Genome analysis of the anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix frontalis JS31 isolated
from the rumen of Hanwoo, Korean native cattle
HJ Park1, HS Chun1, JY Jeong2, MK Sang2, YS Lee2, GS Bae3, CH Kim3 and JS Chang1
1
Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea, 2Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea,
3
Hankyung National University, Anseong, Korea

PP2-58

Effect of either fibrolytic enzyme or protease supplementation to tall fescue forage
and concentrate pellet on in sacco ruminal fermentation and in vitro nutrientdegradation
JH Lee1, SJ Yun1, JG Park1, JY Song1, HD Jang1, GM Chu1, SI Park2 and SJ Ohh2
1
Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea, 2Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP2-60The effect of growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steer
based on growth genetic estimated breeding value(GEBV)DH Kang1, BH Park1, SH Lee2 and KY Chung1
1
Korea National University of Agriculutre and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea, 2Chungnam National
University, Daejeon, Korea

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PP2-62

Effect of dietary vitamin A supplementation on blood metabolites during earlypregnancy in Hanwoo cow
XC Jin1, DQ Peng2, WY Jeong1, J Ghassemi Nejad1, JS Lee1 and HG Lee1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Science Konkuk University,
Seoul 05029, Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333
Xi’an Road Changchun City, Jilin Province, P.R. China

PP2-64

Effect of silicate on methane mitigation and rumen fermentation in Boer goats
G Kim1, TD Marbun1, JY Song2, Y Lee3 and EJ Kim1
1
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Livestock Research Institute, Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul, Korea, 3Animal Nutritional andPhysiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Korea

PP2-66

A typological characterization on the structure of Korean native beef cattle basedon farm survey data
TH Kim1, R Ibidhi2,3, JS Byun1, WH Hong1, R Bharanidharan4 and KH Kim1,3
1
Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural
Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut
Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France, 3Departmentof Ecofriendly Livestock Science, Institutes of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National
University, Pyeongchang, Korea, 4Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultureand Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP2-68Screening feed additives in alleviating methane from the rumen using in vitro
rumen simulation
TD Marbun1, G Kim1, JY Song2 and EJ Kim1
1
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju,
Korea, 2Livestock Research Institute, Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul, Korea

PP2-70Effect of rumen undegradable protein ratio and feed intake level on productivity in
Hanwoo steers for shortening feeding period
WH Hong1, R Bharanidharan2, TH Kim1, GH Bang3, X Panyavong3, JS Byun1, JP Oh4
and KH Kim1,3
1
Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National university, Pyeongchang,
Korea, 2College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,
3
Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea,
4
Cargill Animal Nutrition Korea, Seongnam, Korea

PP2-72

Effects of dietary supplementation with organic acid on the performance of
weaning Nubian goats under different environmental temperatures
A Ridhowi1, JW Lee1 and LC Hsia1,2
1
Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung Universityof Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, 2Yu Chou Friendly Agriculture Research Institute,
Pingtung, Taiwan

PP2-74

Effects of mineral block intake on Korea cattle
Won Ho Kim,Hyung Ho Bae, Seung-In Lee, Jeong Seop Shin, Jae-Seok Woo and Hee-Chung Ji
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

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PP2-76

PP3

Untargeted metabolic profiling of rumen fluid and urine in lactating dairy cows
affected by heat stress
JS Eom1, SJ Lee1,2, HS Kim1, Y Choi3, SU Jo3, MH Kim4, SS Lee5, SH Kim5, DH Kim6 andSS Lee1,2,3
1
Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea,
2
University Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 3Division of Applied Life
Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 4Department of Animal Science,
College of National Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea,
5
Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology,
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 6Dairy Science Division, National Institute ofAnimal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea

Animal ProductAug. 24, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP3-2

Meat quality traits of Muscovy ducks reared under two different management
systems
P Manjula1, KMNTK Bandara2, MD Umagiliya1, JVNC Chathuranga4 SP Macelline3 and DD Jayasena1
1
Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka,
2
Department of Technical Education, National Institute of Education, Maharagama, Sri Lanka,
3
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006 NSW,
Australia, 4Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea

PP3-4

The protein digestibility of beef in an infant in vitro digestion model: The effect ofpre-freezing temperatures and aging periods
S Lee1, K Jo1, HG Jeong1, H Kyoung1, HI Yong1, YS Choi2 and S Jung1
1
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Korea Food Research Institue, Wanju, Korea

PP3-6

Evaluation of meat quality traits of ten primal cuts from two breeds of Korean black
female goats
SH Jung1, JA Lee1,2, KW Kim1, J Lee3, HV Ba1, Y Ha1, Y Ban1, H Han1, S Cho1, KH Seol1,
HW Kim1, CL Kim1, BH Choi1 and SM Kang1
1
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea,
3
Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea

PP3-8

The quality properties of pork gel manufactured with hot-boned pork without
phosphate
HG Jeong1, K Jo1, S Lee1,HI Yong1, YS Choi2 and S Jung1
1
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Korea Food Research Institue, Wanju, Korea

PP3-10Change of bioactive compounds and metabolite profile in wet-aged Jeju black cattle
A Ismail, D Lee, S Kim, SS Kim, HJ Kim and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

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PP3-12

Effect of selenium supplement on pork quality during dry aging with different
sources and levels
HY Jung, HJ Lee, SC Lee, H Hur, YY Kim and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP3-14

Effect of Penicillium candidum and Penicillium nalgiovense and their combinationon the physicochemical and sensory quality of dry-aged beef
CH Kim, YE Lee, HJ Lee, S Ryu, Y Kim and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP3-16

Identification of the causative agent of the peculiar odor of black goats based on
gender
HA Shine1, ENDS Abeyrathne2, JY Park1, YS Choi3, C Jo4 and KC Nam1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka,
3
Livestock Research Institute, Gangin-gun, 59213, Korea, 4Center for Food and Bioconvergence,and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea

PP3-18Changes of metabolites and microbial composition of chicken breast meat duringstorage
HJ Kim1, HC Kim2, D Lee1, HY Jung1, HJ Kim1 and C Jo1
1
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Institute of Standard and Science, Daejeon, Korea

PP3-20Measurement of meat aging and quality changes using dry-aging bag
GH Kim, SJ Kim, C Moon, KB Ko and YC Ryu
Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea

PP3-22

Effect of aging methods and time on microbiological safety and physicochemical
properties of beef
SJ Kim, GH Kim, C Moon, KB Ko and YC Ryu
Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea

PP3-24

Physicochemical characteristics and metabolites change in Korean tiger cattle
rump during the wet-aging
D Lee, SS Kim, A Ismail, HJ Kim and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP3-26

The antifungal effect of essential oil on three fungi from fermented sausages
ES Lee, JH Kim, BM Kim and MH Oh
Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal SciencePP3-28A study of growth performance of myosatellite cells isolated from chick and adultchicken breast muscles in vitro culture for development cultured meat
SH Park, YA Kim, GT Park, SH Oh, YH Park and JS Choi
Department of Animal Science Chungbuk National University, Chungju, Korea

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PP3-30Quality and storage characteristics of pork emulsions with root crops containing
saponins
SH Oh1, SH Park1, YA Kim1, YH Park1, GT Park1, CW Han1, NY Choi1, JH Lee2, HS Seo2 and JS Choi11
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea, 2Corporate ResearchInstitute, Hansalim Food, Goesan, Korea

PP3-32Comparison of lean meat and fat percentages of primal cuts from LYD pigs
classified seasons measured by AutoFom III
YH Park1, EY Ko2, CH Woo2, KW Park2, SH Park1, YA Kim1, GT Park1, SH Oh1, JY Kim1 and JS Choi11
Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea, 2Dodram Pig Farmers Cooperatives, Icheon, Korea

PP3-34

Evaluation of muscle quality of pork belly and pork butt using magnetic resonanceimaging and computed tomography
S Kim1, ES Kim1, JH Cho1, GB Keum1, H Doo1, J Kwak1, S Pandey1, J Kim2, A Sung2, S Lee2,A Lee2, E Hong2, K Seol3, SM Kang3, S Jung2, HJ Kwon2, Y Lee2 and HB Kim1
1
Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea,
3
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea

PP3-36

Productive performance, carcass and meat qualities of crossbred chickens between
Thai native purebred sires and commercial broiler dams
Sansak Nakavisut1, Jennarong Kammongkun2, Vuttichai Ladkruea3 and Phakphume Saowaphak4
1
Livesrtock Academic Development Section, Dept of Livestock Development, 69/1 Payathai Rd.,
Ratchathewee, Bangkok, 10400 , 2Bureau of Animal Husbandry and Genetic Improvement, Dept ofLivestock Development Complex, Bangkadi, Muang, Pathumthani 10200, 3Chiangmai Livestock
Product Research and Development Center, Hauykaew, Muang, Chiangmai 50300, 4Faculty ofAnimal Science and Technology, Maejo University, Nongharn, Sunsai, Chiangmai 50300

PP3-38A survey study on the consumption and perception of black goat meat in Korea
HA Shine1, JY Park1, SN Jeong1, YS Choi2 and KC Nam
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea,
2
Livestock Research Institute, Gangin-gun, 59213, Korea

PP3-40Microbial hazard analysis for HACCP implementation of drone pupae production
farm
IS Nam1,2, SH Baek2, HJ Park1, SJ Kang1, TA Neri1, SM Lee1, YK Park1, YS Sung3,
HS Kim3 and YG Jun3
1
Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 2Gyeonggi Regional Research Center, Hankyong
National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Korea Agency of HACCP Accreditation and Servicy,
Cheongju, Korea

PP3-42

Effect of compositional precursors on the formation of Heterocyclic Amines (HCAs)
of pan-roasted patties in relation to different meat types and temperatures
R Parvin1 and HS Yang1,2
1
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea,
2Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea

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PP3-44Multi-omics based evaluation of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC 3201
in Caenorhabditis elegans surrogate animal model
JB Lee, D Lee, SD Ryu, DY Mun, AN Kang, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, MG Kang, JK Park,YB Choi and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

PP3-46

Characteristics of Gouda cheeses added with red ginseng powder
JY Yoo and JS Choi
Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea

PP3-48

Antioxidant activity, physicochemical, and sensory properties of chicken meatballadded by butterfly pea flower extract (Clitoria ternatea L.)
Sumiati Sumiati, Tuti Suryati and Zakiah Wulandari
Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University,
Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

PP3-50Evaluation of N-nitrosamine using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatographymass spectrometry
HS Yang1,2, JU Eom2 and JK Seo1
1
Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2AppliedLife Science (BK21Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP3-52Omega-3 egg production as functional food
IRH Soesanto, A Yani, S Mulatsih, R Mutia and A Tanti
IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

PP3-54

Utilization of dried bean sprouts in feed on the productivity of laying hens and thephysical quality of omega-3 eggs produced
Y Retnani, IRH Soesanto, A Tanti, Kurniawati Kurniawati, Z Rizwantiara and J Bahtiar
IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

PP3-56

Omega-3 egg industry in Indonesia
S Mulatsih, IRH Soesanto and Y Retnani
IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

PP3-58

Quality characteristics and processing characteristics of freeze-thawed sow
JU Eom1, HS Yang1,2 and JK Seo2
1
Applied Life Science (BK21Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Institute ofAgriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP3-60Identification and comparison of aroma compounds from leg meat of broiler and 3
breeds of Korean native chickens
DJ Shin1, HJ Kim2, DW Kim1, YS Jung1, HJ Jeong1, HJ Lee1, JH Lee3, HJ Choo4 and AR Jang1
1
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,
3
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 4Rural Development Administration,
Pyeongchang, Korea

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PP3-62The effect of paprika extract on the antioxidant activity of pork patties and the
reduction of Heterocyclic amines, and the relationship between oxidation andHeterocyclic amines
KJ Jeong1, HS Yang1,2,3 and JK Seo3
1
Department Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Applied Life Science(BK21Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 3Institute of Agriculture and Life
Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP3-64

Sustainable beef: exploration for sustainable beef production, distribution andconsumption
D Jeong and I Hwang
Jeongbuk National University, Seoul, Korea

PP4Forage Science and Feed Technology

Aug. 24, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP4-2

The impact of climate event scenarios affecting the production of whole crop maize
in Korea
M Kim, CE Kim, D Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, BW Kim and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP4-4

The difference in production of whole crop maize between normal and extreme
climate scenarios in Korea
M Kim, CE Kim, D Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, BW Kim and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP4-6

Comparison of seed and straw productivity according to Italian ryegrass (Lolium
multiflorum Lam.) varieties in southern Korea
JG Kim1,2, HJ Kim2, YF Li1, LL Wang1, YS Yu1 and A Farhad2
1
Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University,
Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology, SNU, Pyeongchang, Korea

PP4-8

Effect of silo filling time on quality and fermentation characteristics of Italianryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) silage
LL Wang1, YS Ryu1, YF Li1, HJ Kim2 and JG Kim1,2
1
Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology,
Pyeongchang, Korea

PP4-10Effect of cutting length on quality and fermentation characteristics of Italianryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) silage
YF Li1, LL Wang1, YS Yu1, HJ Kim2, MJ Choi2 and JG Kim1,2
1
Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University,
Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology, SNU, Pyeongchang, Korea

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PP4-12

Effects of temperature variability and mixture ratio on forage yield and quality ofmix cropping of Italian ryegrass and rye in Korea
HS Park, MR Oh, SH Yang, KC Choi and BH Lee
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea

PP4-14

Nutritional composition analysis of selected fermented feedstuffs
EJ Escala1, AJ Barroga2, CN Mingala3, JA San Andres2, JR Undan2 and RR Rafael2
1
Capiz State University, Pontevedra, Capiz, Philippines, 2Central Luzon State University, Sci. Cityof Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines, 3Philippine Carabao Center, National Headquarters, Sci. Cityof Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines

PP4-16

Evaluation of growth characteristics and dry matter yield of summer emergency
forage crops
BH Lee, KC Choi, SH Yang and HS Park
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan, Korea

PP4-18

Effects of cultivars on chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, and rumen
fermentation characteristic of sprouted grains
SM Jeong1, MJ Seo1, YH Joo1, SS Lee2, DHV Paradhipta3 and SC Kim1
1
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus, Insti. of Agric. & Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju, Korea, 2Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal
Science, Wanju 55365, Korea, 3Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty ofAnimal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55218, Indonesia

PP4-20Potential of different Lactococcus lactis from whole crop rice as silage additives
for improving fermentation quality of soybean
K Muthusamy, I Soundharrajan, JS Jung and KC Choi
Grassland and Forage division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Cheonan, Korea

PP4-22The market survey of ingredients in pet food
HJ Jang1, JL Chun2, YB Park3 and SH Lee3
1
Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup, Korea,
2National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 3WOOGENE B&G CO.,LTD., Hwaseong,Korea

PP4-24Development of calculation method of GHGs removal according to management
methods from LULUCF-grassland sector in South Korea
JS Jung and BH Lee
National Institute of Animal SciencePP4-26

Changes in fermentation characteristics and microflora of corn silage according toLactobacillus plantarum inoculation and storage period
BR Choi, JH Woo, SH Lee, KW Lee, EA Lim and MR Oh
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 31000, Korea

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PP4-28Calculation of WCM damage through RCP4.5 and machine learning model inabnormal climate and its mapping
JS Choi1, HW Jo1, MK Kim1, JY Kim1, MH Jo1, M Kim1, SA Lee2, KD Kim3, BW Kim1
and KI Sung1
1
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea,
3
Gangwondo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea

PP4-30Detection of Italian ryegrass lodging using UAV's spectral sensor
SH Yang, HS Park, KC Choi, JS Jung and DW Cheon
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea

PP4-32

Vegetation survey on winter forage crop using green leaf index
SH Yang1, HS Park1, KC Choi1, JS Jung1 and DW Cheon1
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea

PP4-34

Grasslandgraphy as discipline for grassland science
B Park1 and JD Kim1,2
1
Changrim LTD., Jeju, Korea, 2Yonam College, Cheonan, Korea

PP4-36

Monitoring of 3 mycotoxins in domestically manufactured and distributed feed andimported feed by LC-MS/MS
D Kim, H Kim, SH Lee, E Jang, TW Na, Y Seon, J Kim and H Cho
Experiment & Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service,
Gimcheon, Korea

PP4-38

Effect of elevated temperature due to climate change on overwinteringcharacteristics of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)
CW Min1, MJ Kim1, IK Yoon1, JS Jung2 and BH Lee1
1
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21) and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science (IALS),
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Grassland and Forage Division, National Instituteof Animal Science, RDA, Chonan, Korea

PP4-40Effect of cultivar, plant spacing, and harvesting age of purple Napier grass on
forage yield, morphological characteristics, and chemical compositions
S Paengkoum1, N Onjai-uea2 and P Paengkoum2
1
Program in Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat
University, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, 2School of Animal Technology andInnovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Muang,
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PP5

Animal Behavior and Welfare

Aug. 24, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP5-2

The impact of photoperiod on broiler performance, serum profile and stress level
HJ Kim, JS Son, JJ Jeon, HS Kim, YS Yun, HK Kang and EC Hong
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea

PP5-4

Correlations between prepartum nest-building behaviour and postpartum maternal
characteristics in crated sows
HU Shin1, YH Kim1, HL Jeon1, JS Kim1, JH Lee1, KW Kang2, JW Kang2 and J Yun1
1
Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, 2Swine ResearchCenter, Sunjin R&D Institute, Sunjin Co. Ltd., Korea

PP5-6

The provision of the sling belt as a nesting material in farrowing crates: theireffects on sow prepartum behavior
HL Jeon1, YH Kim1, JH Lee1, JS Kim1, HI Choi1, KW Kang2, JW Kang2 and J Yun1
1
Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, 2Swine ResearchCenter, Sunjin R&D Institute, Sunjin Co. Ltd., Korea

PP5-8

Prevalence of tail biting and scoring tail diameter at slaughtered pigs as animal
welfare model of swine industry in Korea
YC Lee, SJ Han and JH Han
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP5-10Effect of crating density in transit on carcass traits and meat quality of broilers
considering animal welfare during cold weather
M Yu, EO Oketch, YB Kim, E Nurdinov, Y Vohobjonov and JM Heo
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP5-12

Influence of toy and sex on stress related abnormal behaviors and weight gain offinishing pigs
TH Park, JC Han, DM Ha and DH Kim
Division of Animal Science, Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju, Korea

PP5-14

Soybean oil supplement enhances interaction of horses with humans by changing
the plasma concentration of serotonin and cortisol
Seongmin Kim1 and Minjung Yoon1,2
1
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, 37224,
Sangju, Korea, 2Department of Horse, Companion and Wild Animal Science, Kyungpook National
University, 37224, Sangju, Korea

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PP5-16

The relationship between the plasma concentrations of melatonin and the
behavioral temperament of horses
YB Song1, JY Kim1 and MJ Yoon1,2,3
1
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department of Horse, Companion, and Wild Animal Science, Kyungpook National University,
Sangju, Korea, 3Research Center for Horse Industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju,
Korea

PP5-18Meat and carcass characteristics of broiler chicken subjected to with or without thelevel of electrical stunning, halal slaughter and subsequent bleeding
MA Dilawar1,2, ABMR Bostami1, HS Mun1,3 and CJ Yang1,2
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 3Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea

PP5-20Effects of the provision of sling belt and cotton towel on nursing behavior in earlylactating sows in crating system
YH Kim1, HL Jeon1, JH Lee1, JS Kim1, HI Choi1, KW Kang2, JW Kang2 and J Yun1
1
Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, 2Swine ResearchCenter, Sunjin R&D Institute, Sunjin Co. Ltd., Korea

PP6

Animal Environment and Management

Aug. 24, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP6-2

The effect of reducing the pH of fresh-dairy cattle manure on CH4 emissions
AD Ismail and WA Zahra
Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University(Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia

PP6-4

Effect of feed additives on fattening ability and its relationship with ruminal
biometrics sensored by bio-capsule in Hanwoo steer
JJ Ha1, KY Yang2, JJ Kim3, H Kim3, DJ Jung1, DH Kim1, JK Yi1, JY Park1 and DY Oh1
1
Gyeongsangbuk-do Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal
Science, Wanju, Korea, 3Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea

PP6-6

Prediction of methane emission from manure in different growing stages of pigs
using machine learning models
NE Kim1, JK Basak2 and HT Kim1
1
Department of Bio-Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University,
Jinju 52828, Korea, 2Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea

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PP6-8

Comparison of linear and nonlinear machine learning models for predicting
temperature and relative humidity of indoor pig barn
B Paudel1, JK Basak2, NE Kim1, YW Choi3 and HT Kim1
1
Department of Bio-systems Engineering, Gyeongsang National University (Institute of Smart
Farm), Jinju 52828, Korea, 2Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju
52828, Korea, 3Department of Smart farm, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University(Institute of Agriculture & Life Science), Jinju 52828, Korea

PP6-10Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from the livestock sector in Korea
YK Lee1, PN Seong1, JS Wi1, SS Lee1, B Kim1 and JY Song2
1
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2Nonghyupfeed, Seoul, Korea

PP6-12

Result of factual survey of bedding use for Korean horse stables
JH Yoo, JY Choi, JA Lee, SM Shin, MC Shin, HA Kim, YJ Kang, HC Ji, IC Cho andBC Yang
Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Jeju, Korea

PP6-14

Analysis of 2nd generation digital livestock research and technology trends in
Korean native cattle
SJ Na1, YS Choi2, YJ No2, JY Jeong2, H Seonwoo1, SS Lee1 and MJ Ku2
1
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research & Extension
Service (Livestock Research Institute), Gangjin-gun, Korea

PP6-16Comparison of functional features between two automatic milking systems
DJS Jung, DH Lim, JH Lee, SJ Kang, SS Hwang, MH Han and KS Ki
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan 31000, Korea

PP6-18CH4 gas of fresh dairy cattle manure from different storage types
RW Pratama1, WA Zahra1, A Atabany1 and BP Purwanto2
1
Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University(Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia, 2Vocational College, IPB University (Bogor
Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia

PP6-20A study on the establishment of carbon footprint allocation ratio for Hanwoo (Korean
beef)
Yoo-Sung Park1, Sung-Mo Yeon1, Jeong-In Kwon1 and Kyu-Hyun Park2
1
H.I.Pathway Co., LTD., Seoul, Korea, 2Department of Animal Resource Science, Kangwon
National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP6-22A study on the development of livestock icon for the virtual space experience ofMetaverse platform
GM KimYonam College, Chungnam, Korea

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PP6-24

Effect of feeding behavior on body weight of Hanwoo steers using an automatedfeeding and body weighing system
MS Park1, HJ Cho2, SW Seo2, SS Chang1, UH Kim1, BH Park1, JI Won1, S Jin1
and HJ Lee1
1
Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Gangwon-do, Korea, 2Divisionof Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea

PP6-26

Evaluation of emission factors of gaseous and particulate matters from broiler
house
KS Kwon, JB Kim, TH Ha, KY Yang, and DH Jang
Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Korea

PP6-28Characteristics and correlation of ammonia emission in mechanically-ventilated
sow housing during spring
JS Park, SY Park, SE Woo, OH Hwang, JN Halder and MW Jung
Animal Environment Division, Department of Animal Biotechnology and Environment,
National Institute of Animal, Jeonbuk wanjugun, Korea

PP6-30Evaluation of detection performance for body parts of fattening pig in image using
deep learning
DH Jang, KY Yang, KS Kwon, SY Chung and JB Kim
Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Korea

PP6-32A study on the behavioral criteria for to facilitate the detection of dead andabnormal broilers
SR Jeon, DH Jang, SY Chung, KS Kwon, JB Kim, and KY Yang
Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal, Wanju-Gun Jeollabuk-Do, Korea

PP6-34Comparing characteristics of ammonia emission in mechanically-ventilated sow
housing in summer and winter
MW Jung, SY Park, SE Woo, OH Hwang, JN Halder and JS Park
Animal Environment Division, Department of Animal Biotechnology and Environment,
National Institute of Animal, Jeonbuk wanjugun, Korea

PP6-36

Korea’s GHG inventory with default and country-specific activity data using Tier 1
IPCC 2019 Refinement
Eska Nugrahaeningtyas1, Eun-Sook Ji1, Jong-Sik Lee1 and Kyu-Hyun Park1
College of Animal Life Science, Department of Animal Industry Convergence,
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea 24341

PP6-38

Effect of heat stress on performance, egg quality and blood traits in laying hens
HR Kim, JE Kim, JS Wi, SH Park and PN Seong
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanjugun, Korea

PP6-40

Impacts of organic solvents on earwax cortisol extraction from Hanwoo cattle
measured via enzyme immunoassay
M Ataallahi, GW Park, E Nugrahaeningtyas, M Dehghani and KH Park
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, 24341 Chuncheon, Gangwon, Korea

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PP6-42

Coat colour affects stress hormone levels in the serum and hairs of Holstein dairy
cows exposed to cold winterJ Ghassemi Nejad, JH Jo, JS Lee and HG Lee
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University,
Seoul 05029, Korea

PP6-44

Biochemical methane potential (BMP) study on the ultrasonication pretreatment for
anaerobic digestion of livestock manure
JK Kim, DJ Lee, KH Jeong, JM Jung and HJ Kim
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-Gun, JeollabukDo, Korea

PP6-46

Evaluation odor activity value of odor substances from dairy farms
SY Seo, SE Woo, OH Hwang, DW Han, JS Park, SY Park and MW Jung
National Institute of Animal Science, Seoul, Korea

PP6-48Annual nitrogen excretion from swine production in Korea was estimated to beapproximately 8.9 kg per pig per year
H Kim and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP6-50Odor concentration estimation using the principal component analysis and multiple
regression; In the grow to finish swine barn
SE WooNational Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

PP6-52

Artificial intelligence-based calf’s natural suckling behavior monitoring technology
NY Kim1, MY Shin2, KJ Choo2 and SJ Kim1
1
Asia Pacific Ruminant Institute, Icheon, Korea, 2Bodit Inc., Seoul, Korea

PP6-54Low-energy communication interface materialization of wearable sensor for
livestock based on BLE
JK Lee1, DW Kang1, EJ Im1, SH Choi2 and DH Lee1
1
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea

PP6-56

Rice hull biochar as an additive to mitigate ammonia emission from composting
manure
SY Seo, SE Woo, O Hwang, MW Jung and DW Han
Livestock Environment Department, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

PP6-58A study on the composting characteristics of poultry manure in an aerated static
pile composting system under low-temperature conditions
SY Park1, YJ Choi1, BK Kwak2 and SR Lee1
1
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2KC Feed, Yeongcheon, Korea

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PP6-60Effect of microbial inocula on composting properties of livestock manure mixture in
the winter season
MG Choi, JH Shin, YQ Wang, SG Moon, JY On and SK Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP6-62

Effects of Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) manure on corn cultivation
SG Hwang1, JE Byeon2, JK Lee1, MS Park1, NY Jo1, SR Kim2 and MG Lee1
1
Sangji University, Wonju, Korea, 2Sanji Unversity Industry Acadmic Cooperation Foundation,
Wonju, korea

PP6-64

Effects of swine manure refined liquid fertilizer and bio liquid fertilizer (Chlorella)application on tomato growth
JK Lee1, JW Jung1, NY Jo1, SH Hong2, SR Kim2, SG Hwang1 and MG Lee1
1
Sangji University, Wonju, Korea, 2Sangji University Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation,
Wonju, Korea

PP6-66

A study on the quality investigation of composts in cattle manure
JW Jung1, SH Park1, SC Lee1, SH Hong2, SR Kim2 and MG Lee1
1
Sangji University, Wonju, Korea, 2Sangji University Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation,
Wonju, Korea

PP6-68

Effects of grazing on fecal microbiota of growing horses
JH Yoo, JY Choi, JA Lee, SM Shin, MC Shin, HA Kim, YJ Kang, HC Ji, IC Cho and BC Yang
Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Jeju, Korea

PP7

Animal Reproduction & Physiology

Aug. 24, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP7-2

Examine the impact of feed correction on steroid hormones and biochemical bloodin Saanen crossbreed goats by traditional farmers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
PI Sitaresmi1, MF Hudaya1 and DT Widayati2
1
National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN), 2Department of Animal Breeding
and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science and Industry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta,
Indonesia

PP7-4

The effect of oridonin on sperm functions via inhibition of the PI3K/PDK1/AKT
signaling pathway
JM Hwang1, JH Jo2, SI Jang2, EJ Jung1, WJ Lee1, JW Bae1 and WS Kwon,2
1
Department ot Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department ot Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea

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PP7-6

Effect of high-fat diet on testicular function of SIRT1-KO male mice
M Chandanee Romesha1, SM Lee2 and YJ Yi1
1Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea

PP7-8

Using ultrasonic-derived ovum pick-up technology, efficiency of embryo
development in elk on oocyte recovery conditions
ED Lee, DK Kim, BH Choi and KW Kim
Animal Genetics Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Hamyang, Gyeongnam, Korea

PP7-10Interaction of intestinal environment and alkaline phosphatase activity in mice
WM Dissanayake Nadeema1, M Chandanee Romesha1, JM Heo2 and YJ Yi1
1Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP7-12A survey on claw lesions of sows in Korea
JH Jeong1, SJ Han2 and JH Han2
1
Farm Link Inc, Daejeon, Korea, 2Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP7-14

Advancement of estrus detection based on comprehensive consideration of
biometric data in dairy cows
EJ Jeon, JH Lee, DS Kim, DJS Jung, DH Kim, KS Lee, KS Ki, DH Lim, JK Son,
SS Hwang and MH Han
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan, Korea

PP7-16

Impact of goat milk on boar sperm production in summer
SJ Yun1, GS Shim1, SH Kim2, JW Choi3 and JD Kim1
1
Yonam College, Cheonan, Korea, 2Darbey Genetics Inc., Anseong, Korea, 3ChoiJungWon Goat
Milk Co., Taebaek, Korea

PP7-18Porcine oocyte quality is protected in a modified hydrated sodium calcium
aluminosilicate diet from zearalenone toxicity
Ming-Hong Sun, Shao-Chen Sun and Xiang-Shun Cui
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea

PP7-20The effect of nitric oxide on the motility of rooster semen and acrosome cap
reaction
GY Lee, JY Lee, CL Kim, YG Ko and SW Kim
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea

PP7-22The effect of estro synchronization treatment in Hanwoo repeat breeder
SR Cho1, SS Kang1, UH Kim1, BH Park1, JI Won1, S Jin1, SS Chang1, HJ Lee1,MS Park1, SH Lee2, JG Yoo 2 and DS Yu3
1
Hanwoo Research Institute, Kangwondo 25340, Korea, 21508, Senam-ro, Sanpo-myeon, Naju-si,
Jeollanam-do, Korea

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PP7-24Comparison with quality of porcine cumulus oocyte complexes proteins using 2
dimensional electrophoresis
JE Lee, SY Kim and DI Jin
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP7-26A deep learning-based intelligent pregnancy diagnosis in sow stall environment
SJ Sa1, HJ Park1, YH Choi1, ES Cho1, YS Kim1, JW Chae2, TK Kim3 and HC Cho2,41
Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Korea, 2Interdisciplinary
Graduate Program for BIT Medical Convergence, Kangwon National University, Korea, 3Department
of Electronic Engineering, Kangwon National University, Korea, 4Department of Electronics
Engineering and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Korea

PP7-28

Simple temperature monitoring device for the safty of liquid nitrogen tank
SW Kim, GY Lee, SS Lee, JY Lee, CL Kim and YG Ko
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea

PP7-30

Risk of pregnancy in dairy cows with normal or pathological puerperal examinationaccording to the type of vaginal discharge before the voluntary waiting period
D Scandolo1, A Cuatrin2, P Lopez del Cerro3, E Ortega3, M Casas3, M Picca3,
D Camisasso4, J Camisasso4 and M Maciel1
1
EEA INTA Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina, 2EEA INTA Paraná, Ente Ríos, Argentina, 3Actividad
Privada, Córdoba, Argentina, 4La Querencia SRL, Saturnino María Laspiur, Córdoba, Argentina

PP7-32Comparative effectiveness of full-length and b-domain of visfatin in a mouse modelof premature ovarian failure
Min Jung Park1, Seok Heon Kim2, Ji Myung Choi2, Juhwa Baek1, Byeongmin An2,
Hyunseok Choi2 and Bo Sun Joo1,2,3
1
The Korea Institute for Public Sperm Bank, Busan, Korea, 2Lab to Medi CRO, Korea, 3Infertility
Institute, Pohang Women’s Hospital, Pohang, Korea

PP7-34

Evaluation of estrus on rumen environment, behavioral activity, and physiologicalchanges in Korean native breeding cattle
JY Kim1, YH Jo1, JS Lee1, HW Jin2, HK Ko3, DY Shin3, SR Lee1 and HG Lee1
1
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2Dongbang S&D Co., Ltd, Seoul, Korea, 3National Agricultural
Cooperative Federation Agribusiness Group, NongHyup, Gyeonggi-do, Korea

PP7-36

Two-cell development arrest by DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoint in
SOD1-deficient mouse embryos
Fuka Sato, Misako Tatehana and Naoko Kimura
Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science,Yamagata University,
Tsuruoka, Japan

PP7-38A study on fertilized Korean beef embryo transplantation using Ovum Pick-Up
technology in Jeollanam-do
DJ Yu, JE Kim, SG Choi, JY Jung
Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research & Extension Service Livestock Research Center, Seoul Korea

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PP7-40Bisphenol A alters histone-protamine replacement in the male reproductive systemthrough epigenetic changes
DY Ryu, YJ Park, Rahman Md Saidur, Adegoke Elikanah Olusayo, WK Pang, BM Lee,
SM Hwang and MG Pang
Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University,
Anseong si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea

PP7-42

Transgenerational inheritance of bisphenol A-induced testicular abnormalities andinfertility
Adegoke Elikanah Olusay, YJ Park, Rahman Md Saidur, DY Ryu, WK Pang, DY Lee and
MG Pang
Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University,
Anseong si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea

PP7-44

Distinct molecular pathways govern male fertility according on the animal species
YJ Park, WK Pang and MG Pang
Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University,
Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea

PP7-46

Estimation of growth curve for strain in white Korea native duck
I Jeon, J Ham, Y Kim, H Choo and H Kim
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang, Korea

PP7-48Novel bovine gender selection technology by Y sperm specific binding protein
SW Park and DK Kim
Nuriscience, Hanam, Gyenggi-do, Korea

PP8Animal Biotechnology

Aug. 24, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP8-2

Genomic analysis of AVP gene in riverine buffalo reveals its potential association
with silent estrus behavior
Maryam Javed
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, LahorePakistan

PP8-4

Characterization of age-related gut microbiota in mouse model
SY Lee, DY Lee, DH Oh, JW Jeong, HW Kim, JH Kim, SH Yun and SJ Hur
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea

PP8-6

Efficacy of Newcastle disease virus inactivation and sensitivity of nucleic acidbased testing using flinders technology associates card
U Kulthonggate, K Rattanamas, M Taesuji and S Ruenphet
Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand

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PP8-8

Screening of TLR2-targeting peptides to develop an effective mucosal vaccine
system against infectious swine diseases
JU Hwang1 , HR Nam1, SH Oh2, HJ Lee2 and SK Kang1,21Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Gangwon-do,
Korea, 2Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Gangwon-do, Korea

PP8-10Inhibitory effects of 7β-22 dihydroxyhopane from the lichen, Pseudocyphellaria
freycinetii in glioma stem-like cells
Hyun-Jin Kim, Don Carol Batara and Sung-Hak Kim
Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea

PP8-12

The role of reversine on adipocyte differentiation
YH Kim, BS Choi and YS Moon
GyeongSang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP8-14

Bovine muscle stem cell proliferation and differentiation with serums and growth
factors
EJ Lee1,2, YC Hwang1 and I Choi1,21Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Research Instituteof Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea

PP8-16

SCR7 treatment for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in reduces expression of theMsh2 gene in mouse mammary epithelial cells
GY Kim, HJ You, GC Lee and MJ Kang
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences,
Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea

PP8-18

Evaluation of growth performance, metabolism, biochemistry, and histology in pigs fed
contaminated with deoxynivalenol
JY Jeong, MJ Kim, SH Park, BH Kim and HJ Jung
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea

PP8-20The key transcription factors regulating germ cell fate directly impact the expression of
RNA binding proteins in chicken
Bo Ram Lee, Hyeon Yang, Kang Won Park, Sun Keun Jung, Yong Jin Jo, Hayeon Wi,
Sun A Ock, Poongyeon Lee and Sung June Byun
Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju­gun, Jeollabuk­do, Korea

PP8-22

Deoxynivalenol induces apoptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cells via the
FOXO3a signaling pathway
TH Kang1 and SI Lee1,21Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyunpook National University, Sangju, Korea

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PP8-24Anti-inflammatory effect of structured water in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7
macrophage and incisional wound healing in BALB/c mice
JF Dela Cruz1,2, GW Bahng3, YT Kim4, LA Pratidina2 and SG Hwang2
1
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 2Departmentof Animal Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea,
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, Korea,
4
HO32 Co. Ltd., 40-8, 257-Beon Na-Gil, Dongtankiheung-Ro, Hwaseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea

PP8-26

Transcriptomic analysis of aortic endothelial cells isolated from alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout pig
Sang Eun Kim, Min Gook Lee, Haesun Lee, Mi-Ryung Park and Keon Bong Oh
Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabukdo, 55365, Korea

PP8-28Analysis of regulatory pathways in muscle of myostatin knock-out chickens
SE Kim1, GH Kim2, HJ Ryu2, SP Shin1, IS Ha1, BC Park1,2 and TS Park1,2
1
Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun,Gangwon-do 25354, Korea, 2Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul
National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Korea

PP8-30Comparison of patterns of proliferation, differentiation, and gene expression ofbovine skeletal muscle satellite cells isolated from calf and cattle
YJ Choi, JS Kim, WS Kim and SK Park
Sejong University, Seoul, Korea

PP8-32

Low calcium and yeast hydrolysate supplementation enhances adipocyte
differentiation in Hanwoo beef cattle intramuscular stromal vascular cells
SH Kim1,2, JF Dela Cruz2,3, L Purnamasari2,4 and SG Hwang2
1
Central Research Institute of DAEHO CO., LTD, 24, Jeongmunsongsan-Ro, 241 BeonGil, Yanggam-Myeon, Hwaseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea, 2Department of Animal Life andEnvironmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3College of Veterinary
Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 4Department of Animal Husbandry,
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia

PP8-34

Bacillus-supplemented diet improves growth performance in Jeju native pigs bymodulating myogenesis and adipogenesis
Yunji Heo1, Dahye Kim1, Yunhui Min2, Jiwon Yang1, Mangeun Kim1, Young-Ok Son1,2,3,4
and Dong-Sun Lee2,3,4,5
1
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences,
Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Korea, 2Interdisciplinary
Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju
Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Korea, 3Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju
National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Korea, 4Practical Translational
Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Korea,
5
Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea

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PP8-36

Insight into the causative genes and pathways associated with tail bones of Korean
bob-tailed native dog, Donggyeong dog using gene set enrichment andpathway-based GWAS analysis
Sunirmal Sheet, Minjeong Ko, Na Yeon Kim, Mi Rim Park, Woncheol Park, JinA Lim,
Youngjo Lim, Jae-Hwan Kim, Kyung Tai Lee, Bong-Hwan Choi and Dahye Kim
Animal Genome & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365,
Korea

PP8-38Transcriptional profiles of cell signaling pathway genes in the lungs and spleens ofhighly pathogenic avian influenza virus-infected White Leghorn chickens
Jae-Rung So1, Jae-Young Heo1 and Ki-Duk Song1,2
1
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Departmentof Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP8-40Anti-inflammatory effect of SoRegen Technology® water in LPS-stimulated RAW
264.7 macrophages
JF Dela Cruz1,2, L Purnamasari2,3, DB Lee4, IS Nam2 and SG Hwang2
1
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 2Departmentof Animal Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea,
3
Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember 68121,
Indonesia, 4Research Council of SoRegen Convergence Science, Seoul, Korea

PP8-42

Effect of Lysophospholipids (Lipidol™) on the differentiation of Hanwoo
longissimus-dorsi and semimembranous satellite cells
BH Park1, DH Kang1, HB Lee2 and KY Chung1
1
Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea, 2Pathway Intermediates,
Seoul, Korea

PP8-44

Effect of heat treatment on the myogenic differentiation in bovine muscle stromal
vascular cells
BM Kim1, DQ Peng2, XC Jin1, JH Lee1, JS Park1 and HG Lee1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Science, Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science, Jilin
University, 5333 Xi’an Road Changchun City, Jilin Province, China

PP8-46

Efficiency of extracellular matrix for maintenance of porcine satellite cells in vitro
JH Han, SW Jang, YR Kim, GR Na, KS Shim and HW Choi
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP8-48Function of JAZF1 in adipose development and metabolism
HJ Kim and MO Kim
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology of Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si,
Korea

				

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PP8-50

Cloning endangered Vietnamese Ỉ pig from adult somatic cell
Nguyen Khanh Van1, Vu Thi Thu Huong1, Pham Thi Kim Yen1, Nguyen Thi Le Huong1,
Phan Trung Hieu1, Hoang Thi Au1, Quan Xuan Huu1 and Pham Doan Lan2
1
Key Laboratory of Animal Cell Biotechnology, National Institute of Animal Science, Vietnam,
2
National Institute of Animal Science, Vietnam

PP8-52The preventive effect of pentoxifylline supplemented with a traditional medicine,Colla corii asini on the accumulation of lipid droplets in a human HepG2 cells
Ji-Yeon Hong and Sei-Jung Lee
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea

PP8-54

Effects of dimethyl sulfoxide on mouse embryonic development and methylation
NE Cho and MO Kim
Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Korea

PP8-56

Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 regulates pluripotency, proliferation, anddifferentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells via ERK and mTOR signaling
CY Kim and MO Kim
Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Korea

PP9Animal Breeding & Genetics

Aug. 24, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP9-2

Whole genome sequencing of Malaysian Kedah-Kelantan bulls (Bos indicus)
MS Islam1,2, ND Yimer1, AW Haron1, K Mamat-Hamidi3, FFA Jesse1, MWH Hiew1 and WN Fitri
1
Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra
Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, 2Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar,
Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh; 3Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra
Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

PP9-4

The highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus induces the Influenza A pathway inthe trachea of two Ri chicken lines
TH Vu1, JA Lee1, YJ Hong1, SY Lee1, JB Heo1, SY Kang1, AD Truong2, HS Lillehoj
and YH Hong1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea,
2
Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi
100000, Vietnam, 3Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural ResearchServices, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA

PP9-6

Effect of environmental factors affecting teat length and teat diameters in Korean
Holstein Dairy Cattle
SH Jang1, JM Yeo2, WY Lee2, JK Park3 and KH Jo2
1
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Department of Beef & Dairy Science, Korea
National University of Agricultures and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea, 3Department of Swine, Korea
National University of Agricultures and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea

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PP9-8

Significant association between FSVs in MYH3 gene and myoglobin contents in the
crossbred population (Landrace × Jeju native pig)
YJ Kang, SG Kim, SY Kim, MC Shim, HA Kim, JH Yoo, BC Yang and IC Cho
Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju 63242, Korea

PP9-10Comparison of survival rate and telomere length among Korean native chicken breeds
EJ Cho, KG Kim, BG Kim, SG Lee, KB Shin, SH Lee and SH Sohn
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP9-12Comparison of productivity of Korean native chickens between the separate-sex
and straight-run rearing
SH Lee, EJ Cho, BG Kim, KB Shin, SG Lee and SH Sohn
GyeongSang National University, Jinju Korea

PP9-14

Porcine MYH3 influences muscle fiber-type composition and intramuscular fat content
IC Cho, YJ Kang, SG Kim, SY Kim, MC Shim, HA Kim, JH Yoo and BC Yang
Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju 63242, Korea

PP9-16Comparison study of estimated breeding value accuracy by beadchip platform in
Hanwoo cattle
SH Lee1, CG Dang1, SH Lee2, CI Cho3, MN Park1, SS Lee1, YC Lee1, JG Lee1, HK Chang1,
HB Yoon1, KS Im1 and TJ Choi11National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea, 2University of South Australia, Adelaide,
Australia, 3Hanwoo Genetic Improvement Center, Seosan, Korea

PP9-18Single-nucleotide polymorphism data comparison for genetic diversity and groupstructure of Korean native black goats and crossbred goats
KW Kim1, ED Lee1, DK Kim1, BH Choi1 and SH Lee2
1
Animal Genetics Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Hamyang Gyeongnam, Korea, 2Grassland and Forages Division
Department of Animal Resources Development, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Cheonan Chungnam, Korea

PP9-20Rank correlation analysis for pig test end weights at 90 kg and 105 kg
HK Chang, CG Dang, MN Park, SS Lee, YC Lee, JG Lee, SH Lee, HB Yoon,
M Naserkheil, CY Lee and M Alam
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan, P.O. 31000, Cheonan-si, Korea

PP9-22

Genetic progress of Korean swine improvement network in Duroc breeding stock
SS Lee, HK Chang, SH Lee, CG Dang, YC Lee, JG Lee, MN Park, M Naserkheil, M Alam,CY Lee and HB Yoon
Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan
31000, Korea

PP9-24

Runs of homozygosity analysis in Korean Holstein cattle genome
M Alam1, CG Dang1, JG Lee1 and TJ Choi2
1National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan, P.O. 31000, Cheonan-si, Korea,
2
Research Policy Bureau, RDA, Deokjin-gu, P.O. 54875, Jeonju-si, Korea

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PP9-26

Accuracy of genomic evaluation with single-step genomic BLUP for yearling
ultrasound measures of carcass traits in Hanwoo cattle
M Naserkheil1, DM Lee2 and MN Park1
1
Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Life & Environment Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea

PP9-28

Application of a mathematical model to estimate the transition of milk betahydroxybutyrate concentrations on days in milk for dairy cows in Japan
S Chiba1, H Abe2, Y Nakahori2 and K Hagiya1
1
Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan, 2Hokkaido Dairy Milk
Recording and Testing Association, Sapporo, Japan

PP9-30Single-step genomic evaluation for carcass traits of cows in the commercial farmof Hanwoo beef cattle
M Naserkheil4, H Mehrban1, DM Lee2, YJ Han2, AR Koo2, SJ Kim3, JH Son3 and YM Koo3
1
Department of Animal Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran, 2Department of AnimalLife & Environment Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Korean Animal
Improvement Association, Seoul, Korea, 4Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National
Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si 31000, Korea

PP9-32

Heritability estimates of egg traits and yolk amino acid traits in Hinaidori chickens
N Kawamura1, K Rikimaru2, S Fukuda2, K Hagiya1 and T Goto1
1
Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan, 2Akita Prefectural
Livestock Experiment Station, Akita, Japan

PP9-34

Establishment of genetic mapping population based on crosses of Japaneseindigenous chickens
T Goto, R Ono, M Watanabe, AKM Ahmed and H Usui
Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan

PP9-36

Mating patterns and reproductive traits inferred from the pedigree analysis in wildborn cubs of the restoring Asiatic black bears in the wild, South Korea
Sang-Hyun Han, Tae-Wook Kim, Jeong-Jin Yang, Doo-Ha Yang, Jong-Seob Park,
Seong-Geun Bae and Jeong-Tae Shin
Korea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Korea

PP9-38A correlation analysis of residual feed intake using feed TDN and DMI in Hanwoo
cattleJI Won, BH Park, S Jin, SR Cho, SS Kang, UH Kim, SS Jang, HJ Lee and MS Park
Hanwoo Research Institute, Korea Hanwoo Research Institute, Kangwon, Korea

PP9-40Estimation of the prediction accuracy for carcass weight of Chikso using Hanwoo
information
JM Kang, DH Lee, YK Kum, YJ Chung, DJ Lee and SH Lee
Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea

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PP9-42Differentially expressed gene profile associated with carcass traits in Hanwoo lifecycle
DJ Lee1, YJ Chung1, KY Chung2 and SH Lee1
1
Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea,
2
Department of Beef Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874,
Korea

PP9-44

Molecular certification for natural reproduction of the red foxes released in the wild,
South Korea
Jin Sol Pak, Dae-Ho Jung, Seung-hoon Chae, Sook-Jin Lee, An Na Lee, Hyeok-jae Won,
Seong-Geun Bae, Jeong-Tae Shin and Sang-Hyun Han
Korea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Korea

PP9-46

Analysis of genetic polymorphism of the avian leukosis virus (ALV) receptors formaintaining economically superior traits in Korean native chickens
KY Lee, YJ Shin and JY Han
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agricultureand Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea

PP9-48Comparative analysis on the relationship of the peptide binding region of classicalMHC class I genes between humans and pigs
S Youk, M Kang, B Ahn and C Park
Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP9-50

Profiling of meat tenderness by transcriptomic level analysis on Hanwoo cattle
PT Dinh N.1, YS Kim1, YJ Chung2, KY Chung3 and SH Lee2
1
Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea, 2Divisionof Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea, 3Department ofBeef Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874, Korea

PP9-52Phylogenetic analysis of Kyrgyzstan native chicken based on mtDNA D-loop
sequences
KN Heo, DH Jin, JH Kim and SC Kim
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Hamyang, Gyeongnam, Korea

PP9-54

Primal cuts yields by meat yield grade of Hanwoo steers in Pyoungchang provinceof Korea
BH Park, JI Won, S Jin, SR Cho, SS Jang, UH Kim, SS Kang, MS Park and HJ Lee
Hanwoo Research Institute, Kangwon, Korea

PP9-56

Association between the genotypes of galactose mutarotase (GALM) gene andcarcass traits in Korean native cattle, Hanwoo population
YK Kim1, YG Ko2, SM Shin1, BC Yang1, JH Yoo1 and JA Lee1
1
Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju 63242,
Korea, 2Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA,
Hamyang 50000, Korea

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PP9-58

Genome-wide association studies on collagen contents trait in Hanwoo
KH Won1, DH Kim1, JS Yu1, HK Lee1, IH Hwang2 and JD Oh1
1
Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk
National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agricultural andLife Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP9-60A study on the introduction of the HACCP-based hazard prevention andmanagement system for honeybee drone pupae breeding apiaries
HS Kim1, YJ Jun1,SY Shim1, YL Hwang1, HJ Song1, SJ Cho1, IS Nam2 and SH Back2
1
Korea Agency of HACCP Accreditation and Services, Cheongju, Korea, 2Hankyung National
University, Anseong, Korea

PP9-62Analysis of environmental effect on reproductive traits of Korean cow(Hanwoo) in
Gyeongnam
CH Myung1, EH Kim1, HC Kang2, JY Kim1, DW Sun3 and HT Lim1
1
Gyeongsang National University, Department of Animal Science, JinJu, Korea, 2Institute ofAgriculture & Life science, Gyeonsang National University, JinJu, Korea, 3Gyeongnam Animal
Science & Technology, GyeongSang National University, JinJu, Korea

PP9-64The performance of growth traits in endangered Hanwoo genetic resources;
Chikso, Heugu, and White Hanwoo
Yeoung Gyu Ko, Nam tae Kim, Jae Yeong Lee, Chan Lan Kim and Sung Woo Kim
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seosangmyeon, Hamyang-gun 50000, Korea

PP9-66

Application of ultrasound imaging for the determination of meat quality in BalicattleDairoh1, Mukhamad Fakhrul Ulum2, Andi Baso Lompengen Ishak3, Cece Sumantri4 andJakaria Jakaria4
1
Animal and Production Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Indonesia,
2
Department of Veterinary Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
IPB University, Indonesia, 3Livestock Research Institute, Bogor, Indonesia, 4Department of Animal
and Production Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Indonesia

PP9-68

microRNAs binding to 3' untranslated region within gene related with lipid
metabolism in Korean Native cattle
HY Lim1, HD Hwang1, YS Lee1,2 and SJ Hong1
1
School of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong, 17579, Korea,
2
Center for Genetic Information, Hankyong National University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong, 17579,
Korea

PP9-70

Genome-wide association for fertility performance in Hanwoo cows and correlation
analysis for carcass traits
HM Do and D Yoon
Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea

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PP9-72

A comparison of North America and Korea national breeding values in holstein
cattleSH Lee, HJ Song and JH Cho
Dairy Cattle Improvement Center of NH-Agree Business Group, NACF, Goyang 10292,
Gyeonggi-do, Korea

PP9-74

Genomic analysis using different genotyping platforms in Korea dairy cattle
HJ Song, SH Lee and HJ Cho
Dairy Cattle Improvement Center of NH-Agree Business Group, Goyang, Korea

PP9-76

Imputed whole-genome sequence-based association study and biological pathway
analysis for identification of positional candidate genes influencing a pork belly
trait in Yorkshire pigs
Tae-Hee Kim1, Chan-Hyung Kim1, Kyu-Sang Lim1, Bong-Ki Kim1, Ji-Hyuk Kim1,
Jae-Bong Lee2, Cedric Gondro3 and Hee-Bok Park1
1
Department of Animal Reources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea, 2Korea
Zoonosis Research Institute,Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea, 3Department of
Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1225, USA

PP9-78Differences in expression of production, immune activity and adaptation related
genes in heat stressed Dorper and second cross lambs
Aleena Joy1, Frank Dunshea1,2, Brian Leury1, Kristy DiGiacomo1, Iain Clarke1 andSurinder Chauhan11Faculty of Veterinary and Agriculture Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia,
2
Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

PP9-80Genetic correlation between linear classification traits and carcass traits in Hanwoo
cattleJH Son, SJ Kim, SP Yoo, BS Kim, YH Jung and YM Koo
Korean Animal Improvement Association, Seoul, Korea

PP9-82

Prediction equation using records of carcass traits and their relative economic
importance for the carcass price of Hanwoo steers
H Kim1, H Bae2 and JJ Kim1,2
1
Eco Hanwoo Institute, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea

PP9-84

Estimation of genetic parameters for Korean Hanwoo female reproductive traits
MA Haque1, HC Bae1, TE Um1, EC Lee1, BNR Bae1, JI Won2, J Shil2, BH Park2,
JJ Ha3, YM Lee1 and JJ Kim1
1
Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute ofAnimal Science, RDA, Korea, 3Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institue, Yeongju, Korea

PP9-86

Single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction for reproductive traits in
Korean Hanwoo beef cattle
MA Haque1, HC Bae1, TE Um1, EC Lee1, BNR Bae1, JI Won2, J Shil2, BH Park2,
JJ Ha3, YM Lee1 and JJ Kim1
1
Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute ofAnimal Science, RDA, Korea, 3Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institue, Yeongju, Korea

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PP9-88Linkage disequilibrium analysis of commercial Hanwoo population using Hanwoo
big data
Gwang Hyeon Lee1, Yeon Hwa Lee1, Gil Jong Seo1, Chan mi Bang2 and Hong Sik Kong3,4
1
The Graduate School of Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 2Graduate School of
Future Convergence Technology, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Hankyong
National University, Anseong, Korea, 4Gyeonggi Regional Research Center, Anseong, Korea

PP9-90

The association of prolactin gene with morphological traits in three Indonesianduck breeds
APZNLS Sari1, A Fathoni1, DS Kumalawati1, DNH Hariyono2 and D Maharani1
1
Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas GadjahMada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2Faculty of Agriculture, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia

PP9-92

Reproductive performance of Holstein cattle in Korea
JW Seo1,2, SH Lee3, HJ Song3, JH Jo3, JG Lee4, CG Dang4 and JH Lee2
1
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2Geneapps Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea, 3Nonghyub Dairy Cattle
Improvement Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 4National Institute of Animal Science,
Wanju_Gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea

PP9-94

Evaluation of GEBV accuracy of carcass traits using different reference populationsin Jeju Black cattle
TE Um, HC Bae, MA Haque, A Iqbal, A Shrabana, EC Lee, BNR Bae, YM Lee and JJ Kim
Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea

PP9-96

Estimation of pork carcass lean yield by measuring the fifth rib cross section
HC Su1, CY Lin1,2, JJ Xu1 and RS Lin1
1
Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan,
2
Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

PP9-98New bio-technology for swine gender selection by Y sperm specific antibody
protein
SW Park and DK Kim
Nuriscience, Hanam, Gyenggi-do, Korea

PP10 Animal Health
PP10-2

174

Aug. 24, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)

Effect of vaccine side effects mitigating agents on foot-and-mouth diseasevaccination stress in bovine
WH Oh, SY Yang, YJ Cho, SJ Lee and JH Han
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

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PP10-4

Factors affecting availing of veterinary services from in India: a regional perspective
S Mahajan1, JS Papang2, I Panchal1 and B Sharanagouda11Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India, 2CCS Haryana
Agricultural University, Hisar, India

PP10-6Age-dependent cytokine expression against foot-and-mouth diseases virus
stimulation in bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Seung-Won Yi1, Ngoc Anh Bui2, Hu Suk Lee3, Vuong Nghia Bui2, Duy Tung Dao2,
Eunju Kim1, Tai-Young Hur1 and Sang-Ik Oh1
1
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea,
2National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Vietnam, 3International Livestock ResearchInstitute (ILRI), Hanoi, Vietnam

PP10-8

Hematological differences in Hanwoo cows according to maternal age andhematology correlation of pregnant cows and their calves
UH Kim, SR Cho and SS Kang
Hanwoo Research Institute, Kangwon, Korea Hanwoo Research Institute, Kangwon, Korea

PP10-10

Effects of dietary supplementation of bacteriophage on weaning pigs health status
in a contaminated environment
YH Choi1, A Hosseindoust2, HJ Jin1, HJ Chung1, SJ Sa1, DW Kim1, JE Kim1,
YJ Min1, DY Jeon1, YD Jeong1 and JS Kim2
1
Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan 31000, Korea, 2Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National
University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea

PP10-12

Risk assessment of biosecurity level in national livestock farmYoung-Hun Jung, Eunju Kim, Han Gyu Lee and SHMP Wimalasena
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

PP10-14

Effect of antifungal agents against Trichophyton verrucosum isolates from cattle
SHMP Wimalasena1, SI Oh1, YH Jung1, EJ Kim1, EY Bok1, SW Yi1, SW Jung2,
TY Hur1 and HG Lee1
1
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2Cheonan Agricultural Techonology Center,
Cheonan, Korea

PP10-16Development of advanced monoclonal VHH antibody for protection against virusinduced diarrhea in calves
SH Kim1, MA Miguel1, CH Kim2, JS Moon2, YI Cho1 and SS Lee1
1
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Adbiotech Co., Ltd., Chuncheon, Korea

PP10-18

Analysis of microbiome and tissue transcriptome to understand the changes of gut
environment in chicken by microalgae supplementation
TY Kim1, SY Joo1, SS Joo1, SJ Lee1, ZH Kim2 and M Kim1
1
Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National
University, Miryang 50463, Korea, 2Microbial Research Department, Nakdonggang National
Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), Sangju, Korea

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PP10-20

Prevalence of subclinical hypocalcemia and its effect on ketonemia in multiparous
prepartum dairy cows fed with negative anionic-cationic difference diets
D Scandolo1, P Lopez del Cerro2, M Casas2, E Ortega2, M Picca2, D Camisasso3,
J Camisasso2, A Cuatrin4 and M Maciel1
1
EEA INTA Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina, 2Private Activity, Córdoba, Argentina, 3La Querencia
SRL, Saturnino María Laspiur, Córdoba, Argentina, 4EEA INTA Paraná, Ente Ríos, Argentina

PP10-22

Bacteriological cure rates of the primary intramammary infection due to thesecondary intramammary infection of bovine mastitis
Pangprasit Noppason1,2, Srithanasuwan Anyaphat1,3, Intanon Montira4,5
and Suriyasathaporn Witaya3,5
1
Ph.D. Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon
Si Thammarat, Thailand, 3Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 4Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public
Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 5Research Center of Producing
and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health and Production, Chiang Mai
University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

PP10-24

Establishment and characterization of canine mammary gland tumor cell lines
Sunghak Kim and Seoyoung Park
Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea

PP10-26

Anti-obesity effect study of adding freeze-dried loquat leaves powder for pets
MH Park1, HY Koo1, JH Iee1, CJ Yang2, HS Moon2, JS Jang3 and DS Kim4
1
Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research & Extension Service (Insect & Sericultural ResearchInstitute), Jangseong-gun, Korea, 2Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 3Korea
National Open University, Seoul, Korea, 4Farmsco Inc., Seoul, Korea

PP11

Animal Microbiology

Aug. 24, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)

PP11-2Analysis of changes in the intestinal microbiota of neonatal Hanwoo calves by theadministration of probiotics
Ji-Yeong Ku, Sang-Gyu Choi, Kwang-Man Park and Jinho Park
College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea

PP11-4Bactericidal and virucidal efficacy of potassium peroxymonosulfate and quaternaryammonium compound for inactivation on various carrier surfaces
S Ruenphet and N Kunanusont
Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand

176

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PP11-6

Characterization of bacteriocin-like substance from Ligilactobacillus agilis C7 with
anti-listerial activity
Jeong Min Yoo, Jae Seung Lee, Remilyn Mendoza and Dae-Kyung Kang
Dankook University, Seoul, Korea, Cheonan, Korea

PP11-8

Effects of mixed effective microorganisms on growth performance and gut
microbiome in finisher pigs
ES Kim1, GB Keum1, H Doo1, J Kwak1, JH Cho1, HR Kim1, HB Kim1, YJ Kim2, JW An2,
SY Chang2, JH Cho2, S Kim3, JH Lee3 and S Kim1
1
Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea, 2Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea,
3
BRD Korea Corp., Hwasung, Korea

PP11-10The malodor reduction in pig farms through probiotics application
M Park1, Y Shin1, JA Kim1, HJ Jang1, DH Kim1,2 and Y Kim1
1
Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup, Korea,
2
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP11-12Phylogenetic and molecular characteristics of Escherichia coli from diarrheic
weaned piglets and human
Kyung-Hyo Do1, Kwang Won Seo2, Su-Jin Choe1 and Wan-Kyu Lee1
1
Department of Veterinary Bacteriology and Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine,
Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea, 2Korea Zoonosis ResearchInstitute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54531, Korea

PP11-14

The functional study on host-specific probiotics and postbiotics in companion
animals
Y Kim1, M Park1, Y Shin1, DH Kim1,2 and HJ Jang1
1
Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup, Korea,
2
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP11-16

The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance on Clostridium perfringens isolated frompiglets and grower-finisher pigs in Korea
Su-Jin Choe1, Kyung-Hyo Do1, Kwang Won Seo2 and Wan-Kyu Lee1
1
Department of Veterinary Bacteriology and Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine,
Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea, 2Korea Zoonosis ResearchInstitute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54531, Korea

PP11-18

Fecal metagenomic comparison and related pathway under heat stress in layer chicken
JE Park1, HN Kim1, HR Kim2, HH Chai1, MJ Jang1 and WC Park1
1
Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA,
Wanju 55365, Korea, 2Division of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, National Institute of Animal
Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea

PP11-20

Effects of dietary supplementation of live bacteria isolated from fast-growing pigs
in weaning pigs
DY Jeon, SW Park, HJ Chung, SJ Sa and YH Choi
Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan
31000, Korea

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PP11-22

African swine fever status in Vietnam during 2019–2021 period
Van Phan Le1, Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh2 and Van Tam Nguyen2
1
Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2Vettech Joint Stock Company

PP11-24

Molecular characterization of gut microbiome in weaning pigs supplemented
with multi-strain probiotics using metagenomic, culturomic, and metabolomic
approaches
WJ Lee, DY Mun, HJ Choi, AN Kang, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee,SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

PP11-26

Enhanced biohydrogen production of probiotic Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917
by adding activated carbon and gene manipulation by CRISPR/Cas9
JK Park, MG Kang, AN Kang, DY Mun, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee,SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

PP11-28

Development of health functional microbial products for cats using cat-derived
probiotic strains
YM Hwang, DW Kim, YB Pack, SY Jung and SH LeeWOOGENE B&G CO.,LTD., Hwaseong-si, Korea

PP11-30

Validation of baird parker agar on identification for Staphylococcus aureus frommastitis
Tata Laorat1, Srithanasuwan Anyaphat1,2, Intanon Montira1,3 and Suriyasathaporn Witaya1,41Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Healthand Production, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2Ph.D. Program in Veterinary
Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,
3
Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang
Mai, Thailand, 4Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai
University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

PP11-32

Characterization and comparison of the vaginal microbiota between Hanwoo andHolstein breeds
YH Nam1, GE Kang1, DE Kwon1, JH Choi2 and JN Kim1
1
Dongseo University, Busan, Korea, 2Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries,
Jeonju, Korea

PP11-34

Metagenomic analysis revealed beneficial effects of canine multi-strain probiotics
in gut microbiota
JH Baek1, SH Lee2 and DH Shin1
1
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Woogene B&G, Hwaseong, Korea

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PP1-2

Effect of banana leaf meal (Musa sapientum L.) on productive
performance and egg quality of laying Japanese quails
O Arunsangseesod1, T Chintu1, P Boonrung1, W Eiempo1 and A Chantiratikul1,2
1

Division of Animal Science, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham,
Thailand, 2Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Faculty of Technology,
Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
ped_orawan@hotmail.com

Banana leaves (Musa sapientum L.) are a by-product of banana production and usually available near to the fields.
It contains 12 to 13% DM of protein and riches in organic pigment beta-carotene. Therefore, banana leaf meal isamong the leaf meals that could be probably used as feed alternatives in poultry. The objective of this study was
to determine the effect of banana leaf meal (BLM) on productive performance and egg quality of laying Japanesequails. Using completely randomize design, ninety-six laying quails, 56 day-old, were divided into four treatments.
Each treatment consisted of four replicates and each replicate contained six quails. The treatments were T1 =control diet, T2, T3 and T4: control diet supplemented with BLM at 2, 4 and 6 % respectively. The results foundthat BLM supplementation increased productive performance: feed intake, average egg weight, and egg mass (p< 0.05), but it did not affect feed conversion ratio: one kilogram of eggs and hen-day production (p > 0.05). In
addition, the dietary addition of BLM improved egg quality: egg weight excluding shell, albumen weight, andyolk weight (p < 0.05), but it did not affect whole egg weight, shell weight, albumen height, Haugh unit, egg yolkcolor and eggshell thickness (p > 0.05). However, albumen weight of quails fed diet supplemented 4 % BLM washeavier than that of quails fed diet supplemented 2 and 6 % BLM. Inconclusion, the dietary supplementation of
BLM at 4 % resulted in a better positive effect on productivity and egg quality of quails.
Keywords: banana leaf, productive performance, egg quality, Japanese quails
Table 1. Effect of banana leaf meal on productive performance and egg quality of laying quails
Items
Treatments
T1
T2
T3
T4
Productive performancebaa
Feed intake (g)
24.92
27.70
28.35
27.51aFeed conversion ratio
3.63
3.79
3.04
3.57
Hen-day production (%)
75.79
77.19
81.75
78.87
b
a
a
Average egg weight (g)
10.53
11.11
11.20
11.40aEgg mass (g)7.61c
8.33cb
9.66a
9.26ab
Egg quality
Whole egg weight (g)
11.21
11.51
11.80
11.61
Egg weight excluding shell (g)9.51b
9.75ab
10.08a9.87abbbaAlbumen weight (g)
6.03
6.00
6.38
6.06b
Yolk weight (g)3.46b
3.62ab
3.67a
3.75a
Shell weight (g)
1.47
1.52
1.60
1.54
Egg yolk color
6.93
6.56
7.31
7.28
Albumen height (mm)
3.43
3.46
3.96
4.00
Haugh unit
83.47
83.34
86.21
86.48
Eggshell thickness (mm)
0.187
0.188
0.197
0.189
a, b, cMeans within a row with different superscripts are different at p < 0.05.
T1 = control diet, T2, T3 and T4: control diet supplemented with banana leaves at 2, 4 and 6 percent respectively.

				

SEM
0.42
0.12
1.40
0.09
0.26
0.10
0.07
0.05
0.04
0.01
0.12
0.10
0.60
0.00

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PP1-4

Stimbiotic supplementation alleviates decrease of
performance and inflammatory response in weaned
piglets induced by challenge with E. coli
DC Song1, JW Lee1, WG Kwak1, MH Song2, HJ Oh1, YJ Kim1, JW An1, SY Chang1, YB Go1,
HA Cho1, HB Kim3 and JH Cho1
1

Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea,
Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
3
Department of Animal Resource, and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea

2

paul741@daum.net

Gut microbiota have multiple functions, including digestion and fermentation, maintenance of optimal intestinal
villi function, immune response and protection from bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate effectsof stimbiotic (STB), a complex of xylanase and xylo-oligosaccharide, supplementation on growth performance,
immune response and inflammatory response of weaned piglets challenged with Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli
(STEC). Supplementation STB 0.5 g/kg (STB5) and STB 1 g/kg (STB10) improved body weight (p = 0.038) andaverage daily gain (p = 0.02) in piglets challenged with STEC. Supplementation STB5 and STB10 improved (p <0.0001) lymphocytes and neutrophils in piglets challenged with STEC on d 14. Also, supplementation STB5 and
STB10 improved (p = 0.015) tumor necrosis factor-alpha in piglets challenged with STEC on d 3. Supplementation
STB5 and STB10 improved villus height (p = 0.013) and villus height to crypt depth ratio (p < 0.01) in piglets
challenged with STEC. Supplementation with STB reduced (p < 0.05) expression levels of calprotectin. In
conclusion, STEC challenge reduced performance, immune response and inflammatory response. However, STB
could alleviate such decrease of performance, immune response, and inflammatory response induced by STEC
challenge.
Keywords: stimbiotic, immune response, gut health, E. coli

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-6

Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides onoxidative status and inflammatory response of spleen in
broiler chickens under heat stress
Wen-Chao Liu1, Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian2, Di-Pai Zhuang1,
Yue Zhao1 and Zhi-Hui Zhao1
1

Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean
University, Zhanjiang 524088, China,
2
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul
05006, Korea
liuwc@gdou.edu.cn (W-C. L.); bala.m.k@sejong.ac.kr (B.B.)

With global warming and under high stocking density, heat stress (HS) becomes a significant challenge for poultry
production. Broiler chickens are highly sensitive to HS because of the feathers, high productivity and lack ofskin sweat glands. The present study was to evaluate the protective effect of dietary seaweed (Enteromorphaprolifera) derived polysaccharides (SDP) against HS induced splenic oxidative stress and inflammatory response inbroilers. A total of 144 male yellow-feathered broilers (56-day-old) were randomly allocated into three treatmentsof six replicates each (eight broilers per replicate) for 4-weeks feeding trail. The treatments were followed as;thermoneutral zone group (TN, fed basal-diet, 23.6 ± 1.8℃); HS group (HS, fed basal-diet, 33.2 ± 1.5℃ for 10 h/day); HS + SDP group (HSS, basal diet supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg SDP). The results showed that the HS
exposed broilers had lower total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC), activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD)
and glutathione-S transferase (GST), whereas had higher malondialdehyde (MDA) and ROS levels of spleen (p <0.05). Dietary SDP improved the T-AOC and activity of GST but decreased the MDA levels of spleen (p < 0.05).
Additionally, HS exposure increased the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-4 andIL-10, while decreased the concentrations of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and IL-2 (p < 0.05), and dietary SDP reduced
the TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10 levels, but increased the IL-2 level of spleen (p < 0.05). In conclusion, HS exposure
had negative effects on oxidative status and inflammatory response of spleen, and dietary supplementation of SDP
mitigated splenic oxidative stress and inflammatory response in yellow-feathered broilers under HS.
Keywords: heat stress, broiler, seaweed, immune status

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PP1-8

Effect of dietary glycine supplementation on productive
performance, egg quality, immune response, and stressindicator of laying hens raised under heat stress conditions
SY Won, JH Nam, CH Kwon, JH Lee, HW Kim and DY Kil
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
wosy96@cau.ac.kr

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of glycine (Gly) on productive
performance, egg quality, immune response, and stress indicator of laying hens raised under heat stress conditions.
A total of 280 24-wk-old Lohmann Brown-Lite laying hens were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 7
replicates. A negative control (NC) diet was formulated to meet or exceed the nutrient and energy requirement.
The positive control (PC) was formulated to contain a greater AMEn by 100 kcal/kg than the NC diet. This PC dietwas simulated to a conventional high-energy diet for heat-stressed hens. Two additional diets were prepared bysupplementing 0.341% and 0.683% Gly to the NC diet. All hens were raised under a cyclic heat stress condition at
31.4 ± 1.17℃ for 8 h/d and 26.7 ± 1.10℃ for the remaining time. Experiment lasted for 12 wk. Results indicatedthat hen-day egg production and egg weight were not influenced by dietary treatments. However, increasing
supplementation of dietary Gly tended (linear, p = 0.09) to decrease FCR with decreasing FI (linear, p < 0.05).
However, egg strength was decreased (linear, p < 0.05) with increasing supplementation of dietary Gly. The
immune response measured by the cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH) test was unaffected by dietary
treatments. The heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L ratio) was decreased (linear, p < 0.05) with increasing supplementationof dietary Gly. In conclusion, increasing supplementation of dietary Gly may improve productive performance anddecrease stress response of laying hens raised under heat stress conditions.
Keywords: glycine, heat stress, laying hen, productive performance

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-10Evaluation of tryptophan biomass as an alternative toconventional crystalline tryptophan in broiler diets
JH Lee1, JH Kim1, DY Kim1, CH Kwon1, SY Won1, HW Kim1, BK Koo2 and DY Kil1
1

Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea, 2CJ CheilJedang, BIO ANH, Seoul, Korea
lfly5653@cau.ac.kr

This experiment was conducted to evaluate two sources of Tryptophan (Trp) biomass as an alternative to theconventional crystalline Trp in broiler diets based on growth performance, meat quality, intestinal health, andutilization of dietary energy and nutrients. A total of 384 8-d-old broiler chickens were randomly allotted to 1 of 4
treatments with 8 replicates. The negative control (NC) diet was formulated to contain less amounts of digestible
Trp by 40% (0.108 and 0.096% digestible Trp in grower and finisher phases, respectively) compared withdigestible Trp requirement. The positive control (PC) diet was formulated to meet the requirement of digestible Trp
by inclusion of crystalline Trp. Two additional diets were prepared by inclusion of 2 sources of Trp biomass (A andB) to have equal amounts of Trp in PC diet. The experiment lasted for 27 d. Results indicated that birds fed NC
diet had impaired (p < 0.05) growth performance and intestinal morphology than those fed PC diet; however, nodifferences were observed for meat quality, intestinal health, and utilization of dietary energy and nutrients between
NC and PC treatments. Birds fed diets containing Trp biomass A or B had no differences in growth performance,meat quality, intestinal health, and utilization of dietary energy and nutrients as compared to those fed PC diet. No
differences were also observed between effects of Trp biomass A and B. In conclusion, both Trp biomass A and B
can be used as an alternative to the conventional crystalline Trp in broiler diets.
Keywords: broiler chicken, growth performance, health, tryptophan biomass

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PP1-12

Supplementation of fiber on growth performance ofgrowing pigs subjected to heat stress
JE Kim1, Hosseindoust Abdolreza2, YJ Min1, HJ Jin1, HJ Chung1, SJ Sa1, DY Jeon1, YD Jeong1,
JS Kim2 and YH Choi1
1

Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan
31000, Korea, 2Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University,
Chuncheon, 24341, Korea

Heat stress is an important issue, and the addition of fiber and different dietary energy levels to the diet may be asolution to modify intestinal health. This study evaluated the interactive effect of different energy levels and fiberlevels on growth performance, intestinal integrity, stress level, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production of
growing and finishing pigs during heat stress. There were a total of 6 treatments including 2 thermoneutral (TN;low fiber and high fiber) treatments and 4 heat stress (HS) treatments in a factorial arrangement as 2 energy levels(3,300 and 3,450 kcal) and 2 fiber levels (low fiber and high fiber). Pigs in the TN treatments showed a greater
average daily gain (ADG) and feed intake, compared with the HS treatments in phase 1, phase 2, and overall. The
overall ADG was improved in heat-stressed pigs fed a high fiber diet. Pigs in the HS treatments showed higher
rectal temperature and respiratory rate compared with the TN treatments. Plasma zonulin and fecal lipocalin-2
were increased in the HS treatments. Moreover, among heat-stressed pigs, high dietary fiber decreased plasma
zonulin compared with low dietary fiber. The HS treatments showed higher lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPSbinding protein (LBP). The concentration of LPS and LBP were decreased in the heat-stressed pigs fed a high fiber
diet. Concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total SCFA were increased in heat-stressed pigs fed highfiber diet. In conclusion, a high fiber diet is recommended for intestinal health of growing-finishing pigs during
heat stress.
Keywords: short-chain fatty acid, digestibility, fermentation, intestine, zonulin; lipocalin

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-14

Effects of dietary yeast cell wall on growth performance,
carcass yields, and intestinal morphology of broiler
chickens
HJ Kyoung1, HB Lee2, JW Kang1, SW Park1, SY Kim1, YH Kim1, KI Park1, JM Ahn1, JI Lee1,
Ha SW1, YM Park1, WT Kim1 and MH Song1
1Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Pathway Intermediates, Seoul, Korea
kyounghyunjin@gmail.com

Dietary yeast cell wall (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, YCW) is considered as a potential antibiotic alternative that
may improve growth performance of broiler chickens. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary
YCW on growth performance, carcass yields, and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 800 broilers[Ross 308; 45.18 ± 3.13 g of initial body weight (BW)] were allotted to 2 dietary treatments (40 birds/pen; 10
replicates/treatment) in a randomized completely block design (block: BW). Dietary treatments were 1) a basal
broiler diet (CON) and 2) CON + 1% dietary YCW. Broilers were fed the dietary treatments for 5 weeks. At the
final day of the study, the randomly selected 1 bird per pen was euthanized to collect each part of small intestinefor measuring intestinal morphology. Whole breast and leg, caeca, and gizzard samples were collected andweighed. Carcass yields were calculated as a percentage of the final BW of broilers. Measurements were growth
performance, carcass yields, and intestinal morphology. Data were analyzed using PROC GLM procedure of SAS.
The statistical model for every measurement included dietary effect and BW as a covariate. The YCW decreased (p< 0.05) feed conversion ratio from day 1 to 21 compared with the CON, but increased villus height to crypt depth
ratio in all intestinal segments (p < 0.05) and number of goblet cells in duodenum (p < 0.10). In conclusion, dietary
YCW improved feed conversion ratio and intestinal structure of broiler chickens.
Keywords: broiler chickens, growth performance, intestinal morphology, yeast cell wall				

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PP1-16

Effects of dietary yeast cell wall on immune responses, ileal
gene expression, and ileal microbiota of broiler chickens
HJ Kyoung1, HB Lee2, JW Kang1, SW Park1, SY Kim1, YH Kim1, KI Park1, JM Ahn1, JI Lee1,
SW Ha1 and MH Song1
1Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Pathway Intermediates, Seoul, Korea
kyounghyunjin@gmail.com

Dietary yeast cell wall (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, YCW) is considered as a potential antibiotic alternative that
may improve intestinal health of broiler chickens. However, there is limited information on potential modes ofaction of YCW. This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary YCW on immune responses, ileal
gene expression, and ileal microbiota of broiler chickens. In a randomized completely block design (block:BW), a total of 800 broilers (Ross 308; 45.18 ± 3.13 g of BW) were assigned to 2 dietary treatments (40 birds/
pen; 10 replicates/treatment) and fed for 5 weeks: 1) a basal broiler diet (CON) and 2) CON + 1% dietary YCW.
At the final day, blood samples were collected from randomly selected 1 bird per pen for immune responses by
ELISA. After euthanizing the birds, ileal digesta and mucosa samples were collected for microbial communities
by pyrosequencing and gene expression of tight junction proteins and inflammatory cytokines by qRT-PCR,
respectively. Data were analyzed using PROC GLM procedure of SAS (dietary effect as a main effect; BW as acovariate). The YCW increased (p < 0.05) serum TGF-β1, ileal gene expression of caludin family, and relative
abundance of genus Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Enterococcus compared with the CON, but decreased serum
TNF-α (p < 0.05), IL-1β (p < 0.05), and IL-6 p < 0.10), and ileal gene expression of IL-6 (p < 0.05). In conclusion,
dietary YCW modulated immune responses, ileal gene expression of tight junction proteins and inflammatory
cytokines, and ileal microbiota of broiler chickens.
Keywords: broiler chickens, immune responses, intestinal health, yeast cell wall186

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-18

Effect of heat stress according to THI levels on growth
performance and immune response in finishing pigs
YH Kim, HJ Kyoung, KI Park, JM Ahn, JI Lee, SW Ha, JW Nam and MH Song1
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
dydgml447@naver.com

Recently, global warming is an issue in livestock industry because it causes great damage to the productivity oflivestock due to high-temperature stress. Temperature and humidity index (THI) was developed as a weather
safety index to monitor and reduce heat-related losses. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of
THI on the growth performance and immune responses of finishing pigs. A total of 48 finishing pigs (initial BW= 51.10 ± 3.49 kg) were allotted to four THI conditions (1 pig/pen; 12 replicates/treatment; block = BW) in arandomized complete block design : THI 68 (23.5℃/35%), THI 74 (26.5℃/50%), THI 80 (28.5℃/65%) and
THI 87 (32.5℃/80%). The experimental period was for 2 weeks. Typical finisher diet was provided to pigs. The
rectal temperature of each individual was checked every day and blood samples were collected on day 1, 7, and
14. Measurements were growth performance, blood profiles by automated hematology analyzer, and immune
responses by ELISA. The collected data were analyzed according to PROC GLM procedure of SAS. The statisticalmodel for every measurement included THI condition and BW as a covariate. Pigs in the THI 87 had lower ADG
and ADFI (p < 0.05), higher rectal temperature (p < 0.05), serum TNF-α, IL-1β, and cortisol (p < 0.05) than pigs
in the THI 68. In conclusion, high THI conditions reduced growth performance and modified immune responses offinishing pigs.
Keywords: finishing pigs, growth performance, immune responses, temperature and humidity index

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PP1-20Effect of red yeast (Sporidiobolus pararoseus) as an
antibiotic growth promoter alternative in broiler chickens
Y Mongkol1, T Wanaporn2,3, S Orranee2 and C Thanongsak4
1

Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,
Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai
University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 4Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang
Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
2

Wanaporn.t@cmu.ac.th

The effects of red yeast (Sporidiobolus pararoseus, RY) as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs)
on growth performance, meat quality, cecal microbiota and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens were
investigated. A total of 960 male broiler chickens (1-day-old) were randomly distributed into 6 groups for 10
replicates (16 chicks for each), control diet (CON), AGP at 4.5 g/kg and red yeast supplementation at 1.0 (RY1.0),
2.0 (RY2.0) and 4.0 g/kg (RY4.0) of diet. The results show that the RY2.0, and RY4.0 groups had significantly
higher average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and lower mortality rate than CON group (p <0.05) during d 1‒35. The RY2.0, and RY4.0 groups also had higher carcass weight (p < 0.05), while lower thawing
loss percentage (p < 0.05) than CON group. The red yeast supplementation improved the Bifidobacteium sp. and
Lactobacillus sp. population in the caecum (p < 0.05), whereas the AGP supplementation considerably decreased
the lactic acid bacteria counts (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the red yeast supplementation at 2.0 g/kg improved villi
height (VH) of duodenum, jejunum and ileum compare with the CON group (p < 0.05). Therefore, diet with
red yeast supplementation at 2.0 g/kg improved the broiler’s performance by modifying the gut microflora andintestinal morphology and pledged to transition to meats produced without antibiotics.
Keywords: red yeast, antibiotic alternatives, performance, intestinal health, broiler chickens

188

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-22

Evaluating the efficacy of xylanase supplementation inwheat-added diets
JS Hong1, MH Yu1, EO Oketch1, NM Shan1, HH Yun2, AL Lee2 and JM Heo1
1

Chungnam National University, Korea, 2Animal Health Solution, CJ Bio Animal Nutrition, Korea
gospel0342@naver.com

Wheat could be a good energy source but it contains the anti-nutritional factor arabinoxylan. High molecularweight encapsulates nutrients and inhibits nutrient absorption and digestion by increasing the viscosity ofdigesta. The use of the enzyme xylanase could degrade the polysaccharide xylan into xylose. However, there is aphysiological limitation in the capacity of monogastric to produce xylanases because they can only be secreted byfungi, bacteria, and yeast. Therefore the current experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of xylanase in
the wheat added diets fed to broilers. A total of 280 ROSS broilers were randomly allotted to 5 dietary treatmentswith 8 replicates per treatment. All the diets were corn-soybean based and were formulated to meet or exceed theROSS specification with different wheat levels of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 8% with xylanase while the other nutritional
values were the same. Growth performance, digestibility, and viscosity of ileal contents were measured to estimate
the effect of xylanase. Results suggest xylanase in diets doesn’t affect the growth performance and carcass traits.
However, digesta taken from the bird fed higher wheat with xylanase diet showed a lower viscosity. In conclusion,
the addition of xylanase in wheat-added diets could improve nutrient digestibility by reducing the viscosity ofdigesta. We suggest the evaluation of the xylanase effect in energy-reduced or protein-reduced diets in the future.

Table 1. Viscosity comparison of the dietary treatments
Control

0%

2%

4%

d 24

2.63c

2.50bc

2.28a

d 35

d

d

a

8%

SEM

p-value

2.37ab

2.45abc

0.067< 0.001

b

2.41c

0.026

< 0.001

Viscosity (mPa/s)
2.58

2.56

2.18

2.30

				

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PP1-24

Evaluation between high versus low dose zinc oxide in thediet with or without probiotic supplementation on weaning
pigs' growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal
microbiota, noxious gas emissions, and fecal score
CB Lim, H Md Raihanul, S Biswas, SD Upadhaya and IH Kim
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
Coqlsdlek@naver.com

This study aims to evaluate the effects of high vs low dose zinc oxide (HZ vs LZ) in combination with or withoutprobiotic complex supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbiota, noxious gas
emissions, and fecal score in weaned piglets. A total of 180 crossbred pigs (6.61 ± 1.29 kg) were used in a 42-day
experiment. Pigs were blocked and stratified in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with the following factors: inclusionof 3,000 ppm vs 300 ppm ZnO in the basal diet and with or without the addition of 0.1% probiotic complex. The
body weight of HZ group piglets increased (p < 0.05) at week 6 compared to LZ group. HZ supplemented dietresulted in a significant increase (p < 0.05) in average daily gain at week 3, week 6, and overall period; and gain to
feed ratio (G: F) at week 3. A tendency towards decreasing (p < 0.05) G:F ratio was detected in pigs fed probiotic
added diet at week 1. However, a probiotic-supplemented diet resulted a decrease (p < 0.05) E. coli count and anincrease (p < 0.05) in Lactobacillus count. The nutrient digestibility, fecal noxious gas emission, and fecal score
had no effect (p > 0.05) in piglets fed HZ vs LZ along with probiotic complex. Moreover, there were no interactive
effect observed between ZnO and probiotic. In conclusion, HZ supplementation improved growth performance,
probiotic complex partially improved fecal microbiota, but no synergistic effect found from ZnO and probiotic
complex interaction.
Keywords: growth performance, zinc oxide, probiotics, weaning pig

190

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-26

Taurine-conjugated bile acids increase by high cholesterol
and low choline diet feeding in chicken
WY Yang and YY Lin
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Bile acids (BAs) are synthesized by cholesterol in the liver and exert critical function on digestion and absorptionof lipids. Due to the rapidly increasing interests in the roles of individual BAs in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,
we perform the profile of BAs in chicken serum and cecum contents on high cholesterol and low choline dietby LC-MS. In current study, Twenty of seven-week-old ISA chickens were assigned to two group, control andcholesterol with low choline (CLC) groups. The control group was fed with extra 0.05% choline and withoutcholesterol; the CLC group was fed with extra 2% cholesterol and without choline for six weeks. The bile acids
species of serum and cecum contents was analyzed by mass spectrometer. The taurochenodeoxycholic acid,taurolithocholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid in serum are elevated in CLC group and the bile acids in cecum
contents such as, taurolithocholic acid, tauro-ursodeoxycholic acid, taurohyodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid andtaurodeoxycholic acid are increased in CLC group. In this study, we analyzed the composition of bile acids under
the fatty liver of chickens. We also found that the concentration of taurine conjugated bile acid in chickens is muchhigher than that of glycine. Identifying BAs composition provides great values to elucidate the roles of BAs inphysiology and pathogenesis.
Keywords: bile acids, non-alcoholic fatty liver, chicken				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-28

Effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics on growth
performance of nursery pigs
C Timoging1, FC Reyes1, E Angeles1, V Galarosa2 and JB Lacuesta1
1

Philchema, Inc., Quezon, Philippines, 2Siniloan Feeds Corp. Laguna, Philippines
crison.timoging@philchema.com.ph

The study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics on growth performanceof nursery pigs. One hundred eighty mixed-sex weanling pigs (7.67 ± 1.14 kg average weight) were blocked basedon initial weight and gender and were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments. Each treatment was replicatednine times with 10 pigs per replicate pen. Pigs were fed basal diet added with 0 or 1 kg/ton synbiotics. Weighing
was done at day 0 and 30 of the experiment. Supplementation of synbiotics tended to increase body weight gain
(12.80 vs 12.19 kg; p = 0.07) and average daily gain (0.43 vs 0.41 kg; p = 0.08) of nursery pigs. In addition,nursery pigs fed diets with synbiotics had better feed conversion ratio (1.40 vs 1.46; p < 0.01). There were notreatment differences (p > 0.05) on the average daily feed intake while zero mortality was observed during theexperiment. Results demonstrated the potential of supplementing synbiotics in improving the growth performanceof nursery pigs.
Keywords: growth performance, nursery pigs, synbiotics

192

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-30Effects of dietary level of immunoSEB plus a probiotic on
performance and gut microflora of broiler chickens
SangHun Ha1, Anushka Lokhande1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, Chang Beon Lee1,
Santosh Laxman Ingale3 and JinSoo Kim1
1

Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd., 400-604 Thane, India

The objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of ImmunoSEB andBioSEB Trio on growth performance, digestibility of nutrients, blood metabolites, antioxidant status, immune
status, intestinal and fecal microflora, and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens fed a corn-SBM-based diet. A
total of 1,600 broiler chickens (Ross308, initial body weight: 41.2 ± 1.8 g) were randomly allotted to 4 treatmentson the basis of body weight. The dietary treatments included a corn-SBM-based basal diet (CON), CON +ImmunoSEB 0.025% in feed (I-SEB25); CON + ImmunoSEB 0.050% in feed (I-SEB50), CON + ImmunoSEB
0.025% + BioSEB Trio 0.050% (MIX) in feed. The ADG, ADFI, and F:G of chickens in the MIX treatment were
improved. The DM, Lys, and Cys digestibility was increased in the MIX treatment. The superoxide dismutase
concentration of serum of broilers in the I-SEB50 and MIX treatments was higher than that of the CON treatment.
The IL-1β concentration in the spleen and cecum of the CON broilers was higher than the I-SEB25, I-SEB50,
and MIX treatments. The E.coli population in the ileum and cecum was decreased in the I-SEB50 treatment. The
duodenal villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio were improved in the MIX treatment. The overall result
showed the benefit of using the combination of ImmunoSEB at the dose of 0.050% and BioSEB Trio at the doseof 0.025% in order to improve the growth performance, antioxidant status, immunity, and intestinal microbiota ofbroiler chickens.
Keywords: immunity, interleukins, cytokines, antioxidants, amino acids

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PP1-32

Improvement of weanling pigs immune status andmetabolic condition using ultra-weak light
JunYoung Mun1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, SangHun Ha1, JeeHwan Choi2,
KyoMun Choo3 and JinSoo Kim1
1

Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2Department of Swine Science, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries,
Jeonju 54874, Korea ,3Busanbio, Nonghyup Feed Co. Ltd., Busan 48475, Korea

Weaning stress is the most common issue in swine farms, which increases mortality and morbidity. The useof artificial light is an option for modifying the immune system and metabolic pathways. This study aimed toevaluate the influence of ultra-weak light (Photonia) on growth performance, immune system, and metabolism of
weanling pigs, and the carry-over effect on the growth performance in post-weanling growing stages. A total of
30 weaned pigs with an average initial BW of 7.06 ± 0.11 kg (age: 21 d) were allotted to two treatments (Control
and Photonia) with 15 replicates. The experiment was conducted in three phases (0 to14, 15 to 28, and 29 to 48 d).
The gain to feed ratio of pigs was significantly greater in the Photonia treatment. At d 28, a higher concentrationof immunoglobulin (Ig)-A and IgG were observed in the Photonia pigs. At d 48, the Photonia treatment showed
a greater serum IgA and IgG. The concentration of interleukin (IL)-6 was decreased in the Photonia treatment.
At d 48, the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum were decreased in pigs in the
Photonia treatment. Metabolic pathways analysis showed that the Photonia treatment increased the D-glutamine,
D-glutamate, alanine, aspartate, glutamate, and phenylalanine compared with the control treatment. In conclusion,
the use of Photonia for weanling pigs is recommended due to improved growth to feed ratio, immune status, andactivation of amino acids metabolic pathways including D-glutamine, D-glutamate, alanine, aspartate, glutamate,and phenylalanine.
Keywords: irradiation, immune system, metabolites, immunoglobulin

194

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-34

Elimination of bordetella by different types of bacteriophage
usage in challenged pigs
JongWan Park1, SangHun Ha1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, JunYoung Mun1, Sang In Park1,
SuHyup Lee2 and JinSoo Kim1
1

Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2Department of Swine Science, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries,
Jeonju 54874, Korea

Bordetella infection is a distinct pulmonary challenge that extensively influences pigs performance. This has led
the research on weanling pigs to focus on controlling the contamination by an effective anti-Bordetella agent.
The treatments included, PC, without challenge; NC, Bordetella bronchiseptica challenged (BBC); BPD, 5 ppm
bacteriophage/kg + BBC; BPN, 5 ppm nasal bacteriophage spray + BBC, and ANT, antibiotic + BBC. The overall
body weight, average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (ADFI), and gain to feed ratio (G:F) were decreased in the NC,
BPD, and BPN treatments compared with the PC. Pigs in the BPN treatment showed a greater ADG, ADFI, and G:F
compared with the NC. The use of bacteriophage in weanling piglets challenged with Bordetella bronchiseptica
showed a lower turbinate score of the scroll and septal in the BPD and BPN compared with the NC, however,the BPD increased the score in scroll and septal compared with the ANT and PC treatments. The production of
IL-1β and TNF-α were upregulated in the BBC treatments compared with the PC. The concentration of IL-1β
and TNF-α were lower in the BPD and BFN compared with the NC. The relative abundance of Staphylococcus
suis, B. bronchiseptica, and Streptococcus Aureus in the lung was increased in the BBC treatments. Pigs in the
BPD and BPN treatments showed a lower abundance of B. bronchiseptica, and S. Aureus compared with the NC.
These results suggest that bacteriophage in diet or as nasal spray can be used as an effective agent to decrease
contamination of B. bronchiseptica in weaning pigs.
Keywords: interleukins, inflammation, immunity, cytokines

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PP1-36

Studies on the utilization of leaf protein concentrate frommulberry (Morus alba) as a protein source in diets on
growth performance of Rhode Thai chicken
S Klaitanoad1, B Chutthong2, C Sorachakula2, C Jung3 and K Danmek1
1

University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand, 2Chaingmai University, Chaingmai, Thailand,3
Andong National University, Andong, Korea
Supakhom.lunla@gmail.com

Mulberry leaf is characterized by high amounts of protein, which can be utilized by ruminants. Extraction ofproteins from mulberry leaf represents an attractive solution to the increasing demand for protein rich feed fornon ruminants, while decreasing the dependency on soybean imports. The parameters optimized for leaf protein
concentrate (LPC) extraction was ratio of fresh leaf to alkali solution (1:3) at pH 12.0 for 180 min in room temp,
and then coagulation at pH 5.0, temperature 90℃ for 15 min. From 100 g of the fresh leaf, 9.12 ± 0.26 g of dried
LPC was isolated with a recovery of 28.9 ± 3.1 g 100 g-1 from the total protein. Analysis of amino acids in LPC
that there are all 20 types of amino acids, of which the dominant and relatively high proportion are glutic acid,polyline, aspartic acid, lysine and leucine. To investigate the effects of mulberry LPC on growth performance ofmale Rhode Thai chicken in 45‒120 day of age. The experiment was performed using a completely randomized
design with 5 treatments and 3 replications and 20 chickens per cage. Five isointrogenous (18% CP) diets were
formulated to contain LPC as chicken protein replacer as 0, 5, 10, 20, and 30% substitution. The results were foundthat average weight gain, average daily gain, average feed intake, survival rate were no significant different (p >0.05). It was inferred that the mulberry leaf hold potential for development of LPC as feed supplement for Rhode
Thai chicken.
Keywords: leaf protein concentrate, mulberry, diet, Rhode Thai chicken

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-38Fecal inocula from different age of pigs changed in vitro
fermentability of dry matter and production of short chain
fatty acids
JC Jang1,2, SH Oh1,2, GC Shurson3 and PE Urriola3
1

Division of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea, 2Agri-Food
Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea, 3Department of Animal
Science, University of Minnesota, MN 55108, USA
jaejang1278@gnu.ac.kr

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of fecal inocula from different ages of pigs on in vitro
fermentability of dry matter (IVFDM) and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). A 2 × 3 factorial design
was used and factors including: 1) feed ingredients [soybean hulls (SBH) and corn distillers dried grains withsolubles (cDDGS)], and 2) age of fecal donor [nursery (BW = 11 ± 1.5 kg), growing (BW = 55 ± 3.3 kg), andfinishing (BW = 104 ± 4.8 kg) pigs]. Samples were pre-treated with pepsin and pancreatin, and the hydrolyzed
residues were subsequently incubated with fresh pig feces of different ages in a buffered mineral solution. Gas
production kinetics during fermentation was measured for 72 h and analyzed by fitting data to an exponential
model. During fermentation, SBH yielded greater (p < 0.01) maximal gas production (Gf), required more time (p< 0.02) to achieve half gas accumulation (T/2), and had less (p < 0.01) fractional rate of degradation (μ), and had
greater (p < 0.01) IVFDM compared with cDDGS. Compared with growing, and finishing phase of fecal inocula,nursery fecal inoculum yielded less (p < 0.01) Gf, required more (p < 0.01) T/2, and had less (p < 0.01) μ, in SBH.
The SBH produced greater (p < 0.01) acetic acid and propionic acid compared with cDDGS. These results indicatethat fecal inocula from different ages of pigs as in vitro microbial inoculum influence IVFDM, fermentation
kinetics, and production of SCFA.
Keywords: corn distillers dried grains with solubles, gas collection technique, in vitro, pig fecal inoculum, soybean hulls				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP1-40Effect of DHA supplementation on broilers' growth
performance, meat quality, and blood profile
CB Lim, SD Upadhaya, KM Kim, S Vetriselvi, ST Wahid and IH Kim
Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
coqlsdlek@naver.com

Poultry products have become a major source of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), yet themost effective solutions to increase PUFA accumulation in poultry products is through fatty acid modulationin poultry feed. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effect of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) supplement on
growth performance, organ weight, meat quality, and blood profile in broilers. A total of 1,600, 1-day old Ross
308 broilers (43.15 ± 1.35 g) were randomly assigned to one of 4 dietary treatments: CON (basal diet), and basal
diet supplement with 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% DHA respectively, with 20 replications and 20 broiler per pen. The
experiment was divided into: Phase 1 (d1 to 7), Phase 2 (d 8 to 21), and Phase 3 (d 22 to 35). Data were analyzed
using orthogonal contrast statements to test the linear and quadratic effect of DHA concentration in the diet.
Duncan’s tests were done to differentiate group means. Broilers fed diet supplemented with graded levels of DHA
linearly increased (p < 0.05) body weight gain and feed intake at Phase 3. Also, dietary DHA supplement linearly(p < 0.05) improve the meat color and pH. In addition, drip loss percentage increased linearly (p < 0.05) on day 7with the increase of DHA supplementation levels. While, blood cholesterol level (p < 0.05) and RBC was linearlydecreased (p < 0.05) in DHA supplemented groups. The results of the study indicate that DHA supplementation
could be beneficial to improve the growth performance and blood lipid profile of broilers without adverse effect onmeat quality.
Keywords: broiler, growth performance, organ weight, meat quality, blood profile198

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-42

Evaluation of dietary feed additives for laying hens
YB Kim1, MC Keum1, DH Kim1, S Lee1, SS Joo2, BC Ban2, M Kim2, MJ Kim3, HJ Jung3
and KW Lee1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea,
Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resource & Life Sciences, Pusan National
University, Miryang 50463, Korea, 3Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute ofAnimal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
2kyungwoolee@konkuk.ac.kr

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various feed additives on laying performance, egg qualities
and serum parameters in laying hens. A total of 504 60-week-old Hyline Brown laying hens were subjected to
one of experimental diets containing mineral mix, essential oil, vitamin C, probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. A
corn and soybean meal base diet was used to formulate the experimental diets. The inclusion levels were chosen
by the biological effects per the published data. No-added base diet-fed laying hens considered the control group.
Experiment lasted 10 weeks. Each treatment had 8 replicates with 9 birds each. Dietary feed additives did notaffect (p < 0.05) feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg mass, and egg production in laying hens. The percentageof cracked eggs lowered in laying hens fed diets containing mineral mix, probiotics or prebiotics. The eggshellultrastructure was monitored by scanning electron microscope. The thickness of palisade and mammillary layers
was not altered (p < 0.05) by dietary additives. However, the relative thickness of palisade layer tended (p = 0.098)
to be thicker in hens fed diets containing essential oil, probiotics and synbiotics compared with the control group.
None of dietary treatments affected tibia characteristics including bone breaking strength, tibia ash contents, andtibia calcium and phosphorus contents. Serum biochemical parameters were not affected by dietary additives. It
is concluded that dietary feed additives tended to lower the percentage of egg breakage via improving eggshellcharacteristics.
Keywords: feed additives, performance, laying hens				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-44

Effect of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) as a soybean meal
replacement on the performance, meat quality, and blood
parameters of broilers
JE Kim, CI Lim and KS Ryu
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
nendlove0238@naver.com

This study investigates the effects of dietary lupin (Lupinus angustifolius, LP) as a replacement for soybean meal
(SBM) on the performance, meat quality, and blood parameters of broilers. A total of 960 one-day-old Ross broiler
chicks were randomly divided into four dietary groups in a windowless floor house. The four diets for broilers
were formulated with different levels of LP content in place of SBM; LP0: 0.0%, LP5: 5.0%, LP10: 10.0%,
and LP20: 20.0%. All birds were fed with isoenergetic and isonitrogenous mash diets for 5 weeks. The result
showed that weight gain was reduced in the LP20 group compared to other groups; however, the decrease was not
significant (p = 0.08). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher (p < 0.05) in the LP20 group than in the LP0
and LP5 groups. Concerning breast meat characteristics, the LP10 and LP20 groups demonstrated (p = 0.08) higher
shear force values than the LP0 group. Lightness color was lower (p < 0.05) in the LP20-fed group compared to
the LP0 group. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher (p < 0.05) in LP10- and LP20-fed chickens than in LP0fed chickens. With respect to blood biochemical profiles, HDL cholesterol concentration was significantly (p <0.05) higher in the group fed LP20 compared to the groups fed LP0 and LP5. A higher concentration of IL-2 wasfound in groups fed LP10 and LP20 than in groups fed LP0 and LP5. Our results suggest that LP could be a dosedependent SBM substitute, and that the optimal level of LP inclusion is approximately 10%.
Keywords: blood parameter, broiler, lupin, performance, soybean meal200

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PP1-46

Observation of behavioral characteristics and thermalchanges of laying hens before and after laying eggs
HK Kang1, WD Lee1, HK Shin1, DH Yoon2 and HM Jun2
1

Poultry Research Institute, Rural Development Administration National Institute of Animal Science,
Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Division of Mechanical System Engineering, Jeonbuk National University,
Jeon-ju, Korea
magic100@korea.kr

The purpose of this study is to establish a basis for differentiating non-laying hens by identifying specific behaviors
and observed thermal changes of hens before and after laying eggs. A total of six Hyline brown laying hens withlaying ability were used, and one hen was placed per cage for accurate observation. The camera was used as a
product that can perform thermal imaging and video recording at the same time, and the behavioral characteristics
and thermal changes were confirmed by obtaining images before and after 15 minutes of the moment of laying
eggs. Fifteen minutes before laying egg, the laying hens moved around the cage or exhibited mostly crouching
behavior, and no feeding behavior. These behaviors continued until the moment the eggs were laid. For a few
minutes after laying eggs, the laying hens were not observed to be active, and after 5 minutes they began to drink
water or eat feed. The parts showing the highest temperature in the thermal image were the head, the place wheresome feather was missing, and the cloaca. The eggs at the moment of laying the eggs also maintained a hightemperature, but as time passed, the color of the thermal image changed as it cooled. In conclusion, it is judgedthat the behavior of preparing to lay eggs and the specific behavior appearing afterwards will be the criterion for
distinguishing laying hens from non-laying hens, and the change of temperature is also considered as one factor.
These criteria are judged to be the basis for the development of remote management systems, and it is expected to
be of great help in preventing economic loss of the laying hen industry in the future.
Keywords: laying hen, monitoring, laying egg behavioral characteristics, thermal image analysis

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PP1-48

Effects of dietary xylanase in a high non-starchpolysaccharides diet on growth performance, nutrient
digestibility, blood profiles, and immune responses of
weaned pigs
JM Ahn1, HJ Kyoung1, KI Park1, YH Kim1, JI Lee1, SW Ha1, MA Park2, JO Moon­and MH Song1
1Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2CJ CheilJediang, Suwon, Korea
dkswlsan@naver.com

The xylanase (XYL) may be one of solutions to increase nutrient utilization of pigs by breaking down non-starchpolysaccharides. This study was conducted to determine effects of dietary XYL on growth performance, nutrient
digestibility, blood profiles, and immune responses of weaned pigs. A total of 60 weaned pigs (8.04 ± 1.03 kg
BW) were allotted to 2 dietary treatments (5 pigs/pen; 6 replicates/treatment) in a randomized completely block
design (block: BW) and fed for 4 weeks. Dietary treatments were a high NSPs diet (CON) and CON + 0.03% XYL(T1). During the last week of the study, pigs were fed diets containing 0.4% chromic oxide. Blood, ileal digesta,
and fecal samples were collected at the specific time points. Measurements were growth performance, frequency
of diarrhea by daily diarrhea scores, apparent ileal (AID) and total tract digestibilities (ATTD) by index method,
blood profiles by an automated hematology analyzer, and immune responses by ELISA. Data were analyzed using
PROC GLM procedure of SAS (dietary effect as a main effect; BW as a covariate). The Chi-square test was used
for the frequency of diarrhea. The T1 increased (p < 0.05) average daily gain and gain to feed ratio from day 1 to14, average daily feed intake from day 1 to 7, and AID and ATTD of dry matter compared with the CON. However,there were no differences on diarrhea frequency, blood profiles, and immune responses between dietary treatments.
In conclusion, dietary XYL improved growth performance and nutrient digestibility of weaned pigs.
Keywords: growth performance, nutrient digestibility, weaned pigs, xylanase202

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-50Effects of protease on growth performance, nutrient
digestibility, gas emission, and Intestinal morphology inweaned pigs
MJ Gim, XH Jin and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
aneyald@snu.ac.kr

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of protease in improving the growth performance, nutrient
digestibility, gas emission and intestinal morphology of weaned piglets fed low protein diets. A total of 120 weaned
pigs [Duroc × (Yorkshire × Landrace); 12.86 ± 0.13 kg of initial body weight (BW); 21 day old] were randomly
assigned to 4 dietary treatments (6 pigs with 3 barrows and 3 gilts per pen and 5 replicated pens per treatment) in arandomized completely block design. The experimental dietary treatments were 1) HCP: a diet based on corn and
SBM to meet or exceed the requirement of CP as a positive control (HCP; CP = 17.5% at phase 1, 17% at phase 2), 2)
LCP: a low protein diet as a negative control (LCP; CP=16.5% at phase 1, 16% at phase 2), 3) MAP: LCP + 0.03%
KEMZYME™ MAP and 4) PLUS: LCP + 0.03% KEMZYME® PLUS. Pigs were fed the diets for 5 weeks (Phase
1: day 0 to 14, phase 2: day 14 to 35). There was no significant effect on BW, ADG, ADFI and G:F ratio at day
0 to 14. But in overall period, the G:F ratio was increased (p = 0.03) by protease supplementation. There was no
significant difference in DM, protein, ash, fat, and amino acid digestibility. Weaned pigs fed PLUS had the lowest
gas emission in piglets, but it was the highest in HCP treatment (p = 0.01). Villus height, crypt depth and VH:CD
ratio were not changed by dietary treatments. Consequently, the present study demonstrated that supplementationof 0.03% KEMZYME® PLUS could improve G:F ratio of piglets and prevent the ammonia gas emission of slurryin swine farm.
Keywords: protease, weaned pig, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gas emission, intestinal morphology				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP1-52

Effects of feeding Burdock on meat quality andantioxidative activity in loin of pigs
YD Jeong, JE Kim, YJ Min, YH Choi, DW Kim, HJ Chung, SJ Sa, DY Jeon and HJ Jin
Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea
yongdaejeong@korea.kr

Burdock (Arctium lappa L.) has biological response functions as rich-fiber ingredient. Thus, this study was
conducted to estimate effects of dietary Burdock levels on meat characteristics and antioxidative activity in loinof entire male pigs. A total of 60 animals (BW, 82.07 ± 2.68 kg) were randomly assigned to five groups with three
replicates containing various levels of dried Burdock powder (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12%) during 28 days. The diet andwater were ad libitum. At the end of the feeding trial, the pigs were scarified in local slaughterhouse and thencollected to loin samples for analysis of meat properties. Increasing dietary Burdock levels linearly increased the
moisture content (p < 0.1) and lightness (p < 0.05), whereas the pH was decreased linearly and quadratically (p< 0.05). As the fatty acid profiles, other parameters related to meat quality were did not differ by dietary Burdocklevels. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was not altered during 1 to 10 days of storage period. However, as
lipid peroxide index, the TBARS was linearly and/or quadratically decreased (p < 0.05) at the 1 day or 3 days ofstorage by increasing levels of dietary Burdock. The results of this study suggest that dietary Burdock influenced
some parameters of meat quality and antioxidative activity. Also, we have performing analysis for alteration of gut
environment and measurement of boar taints as skatole, indole and androstenone. Therefore, the further analysis
would be helped to understand various beneficial effect in finishing pigs fed to Burdock.
Keywords: burdock, meat color, TBARS, finisher

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-54

Effects of selenium source and level on the physiologicalresponse, reproductive performance, serum Se level andmilk composition in gestating sows
XH JIN, CS Kim, MJ Gim and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
jinxinghao2011@hotmail.com

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of selenium (Se) source and level on the physiological response,
reproductive performance, serum Se level, and milk composition in gestating sows. A total of 54 multiparous sows(Yorkshire × Landrace) with average body weight (BW), backfat thickness (BF), and parity were assigned to oneof five treatments using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with one additional treatment in a completely randomized
design (CRD). Treatments were as follows: 1) Control : corn-soybean based diet, 2) IS30:control + inorganic Se
0.30 ppm, 3) IS50 : control + inorganic Se 0.50 ppm, 4) OS30: control + organic Se ppm, and 5) OS50: control+ organic Se 0.50 ppm. At 21 days of lactation, piglet weight and weight gain in the OS treatments were higher
than those in the IS treatments (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, adding 0.5 ppm Se also resulted in the same significant
differences in piglet body weight and weight gain (p < 0.05). Colostrum and milk Se concentrations increased (p< 0.05) with Se level for both Se sources, but were greater when sows were fed organic Se (p < 0.05). The pig
serum Se concentration increased as the dietary Se level increased (p < 0.05) and was higher when the sow dietary
Se source was organic (p < 0.05). Consequently, supplementation with organic Se or high level of Se 0.5 ppm ina gestating diet could improve piglet performance, the Se status of sows and piglets and milk composition, butorganic Se at 0.5 ppm in particular was more effective.
Keywords: selenium, litter performance, serum selenium level, sows				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP1-56

Effects of supplementation of non-toxic sulfur on growth
performance, immune response, fecal microflora, sulfur
amino acids composition and pork quality in growingFinishing pigs
HW Shin, XH Jin, MJ Kim and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
jjkanji23@snu.ac.kr

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary non-toxic sulfur (NTS) on growth performance,
immune response, fecal microflora, sulfur amino acids composition and pork quality in growing-finishing pigs. A
total of 140 growing pigs ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc) averaging 34.73 ± 0.657 kg body weight (BW) wereallotted into one of 5 treatments in 4 replicates of 7 pigs per pen in a randomized complete block (RCB). The
experimental treatments were as follows: 1) Control: corn-SBM based diet, 2) CaSO4: basal diet + CaSO4 0.5%, 3)
NTS0.1: basal diet + NTS 0.1%, 3) NTS0.2: basal diet + NTS 0.2%, 4) NTS0.4: basal diet + NTS 0.4%. In growth
performance, BW and average daily gain (ADG) were increased linearly as the level of NTS increased duringwhole experimental period (Linear, p = 0.01). A linear response of increasing dietary NTS levels were observed
for the lgG of 12th week (Linear, p = 0.01), whereas control group showed the lowest concentration of lgG (Diet,p = 0.04). The amino acid composition from the hair increased linearly with increasing NTS levels (Linear, p =0.03). The ‘L’ color value of the NTS0.2 and CaSO4 group appeared to be the highest which is measured 24 hour
after slaughter (Diet, p = 0.04). Also, the color value ‘a’ was increased (Diet, p = 0.02). Consequently, these results
indicated that supplementation of NTS 0.2% in diet of growing-finishing pigs is a viable means of improving
growth performance, immune response, sulfur amino acids composition and pork quality.
Keywords: non-toxic sulfur, growth performance, immune response, growing-finishing pig

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-58

Effects of dietary supplementation of barley sprout on
anti-obesity in dogs
KH Kim, KM Seo, JL Chun, JH Jeon, CH Kim, SJ Lim and HW Cho
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
kihyun@korea.kr

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-obesity effects in dogs fed diet with barley sprout. A total of 14
spayed dogs were divided into control (CON) and treatment (TRT) groups, with 7 dogs per group. The twotreatment groups consisted of a control group fed without barley sprout (CON) and a treatment group fed a dietcontaining 2.75% barley sprout (TRT). Each experimental diets were fed to meet the individual metabolic energy
requirement for 16 weeks. The initial body weights were 14.08 kg and 13.79 kg in the CON and TRT groups,
respectively, but after the feeding for 16 weeks, body weights were observed to be 14.16 kg and 12.86 kg in the
CON and TRT, respectively (p < 0.05). No change in body weight was observed during the entire experimental
period in the CON, but body weight in the TRT was significantly decreased by 7.15% during the 16 weeks (p <0.05). Although there was no statistically significant difference, the concentration of serum triglyceride at the endof experiment was 38.7 IU/L in the TRT compared to 66.0 IU/L in the CON, indicating a lower trend in the TRT (p =0.071). It was confirmed that leptin hormone used as an obesity-related parameter in serum was significantly decreased
from 2.21 ng/mL at initial to 1.81 ng/mL at the end of experiment by feeding barley sprout. Our results suggest that the
supplementation of barley sprout in pet food could affect to body weight loss and anti-obesity in dogs.
Keywords: dog, barley sprout, obesity, body weight, pet food				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP1-60A preliminary study into nutritional composition, extraction
methods and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides fromalgae as prebiotic for livestock
P Pootthachaya1, B Tengjaroenkul2, B Yuangsoi3 and S Wongtangtintharn1
1

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen,
Thailand, 2Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen
University, Thailand, 3Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University,
Khon Kaen, Thailand
padsakornp@kkumail.com

Several algae species have attracted great interest as excellent nutrient sources. Polysaccharides are the main
constituents of algae, therefore great of attention. Numerous studies have focused their efforts on isolating andcharacterizing these polysaccharides for biological activities in the utilization of algae-derived polysaccharides
as feed additives for enhancing performance and animal health. This study aimed to determine nutritional
composition, antioxidant capacity and extraction methods. Three algae species, including Ulva rigida, Caulerpa
lentillifera and Spirulina sp., were used in the present study. Antioxidant activities were investigated by DPPH,
ABTS and FRAP assay. Polysaccharides extraction were obtained from each algae species through different
extraction techniques including hot water, alkali, acid and enzyme-assisted extraction. Results showed that
Caulerpa lentillifera was highest lipid (1.53%) and fiber (15.07%) content, Ulva rigida was rich in carbohydrate(50.18%). Meanwhile, Spirulina sp. was found to be good source of protein (44.44%) and highest gross energy(4,441.33 kcal/kg). Additionally, Analysis of amino acid composition of Spirulina sp. revealed good quality
protein. Results of antioxidative properties by different methods found that Spirulina sp. gives higher antioxidant
activity (134.19 mM/g) than other algae when measured with FRAP method, which was consistent with phenolic(15.39 mg/g) and flavonoid (13.79 mg/g) content. Effect of extraction method on extraction yield showed thatenzyme-assisted extraction method was found to present highest polysaccharides yield (29%) in Ulva rigida.
Overall, data obtained preliminary showed that algae are excellent source of nutrients. Further studies are required
to research the potential of polysaccharides as bioactive compounds of feed additives.
Keywords: algae, polysaccarides, extraction methods, antioxidant activity

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-62

Effects of selenium sources and levels on the physiologicalresponses, blood profiles, milk composition and tissue
concentration of lactating sows
NR Pan, CS Kim, XH Jin and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
niru075@snu.ac.kr

This study was conducted to determine the effects of diet supplementation mixed form of selenium (Se) on
physiological response, litter performance, blood profiles and milk composition in lactating sows. A total of
45 multiparous lactating sows (Yorkshire × Landrace) with similar body weight (BW), backfat thickness (BF)
and parity were allotted to 3 treatments and 15 replicates in a completely randomized design (CRD). The
dietary treatment groups were as follows: A non-Se-fortified corn-soybean meal basal diet served as a negative
control. Inorganic Se was added in the form of sodium selenite and the organic Se was added in the form of Seenriched yeast. Organic Se and inorganic Se were mixed and added to the lactation diets at doses of 0.15 ppm
and 0.25ppm. 1) Control: corn-SBM based diet, 2) ISOS15: control + inorganic Se 0.15 ppm + organic Se 0.15
ppm, 3) ISOS25: control + inorganic Se 0.25 ppm + organic Se 0.25 ppm. On day 7 of lactation, with ISOS15 and
ISOS25 treatments showed higher serum Se in piglets and sows than those of control group (p < 0.01; p < 0.01,
respectively). Compared with the control group, the Se concentration in the kidney and muscle of piglets wasincreased both in ISOS15 and ISOS25 treatments (p = 0.03; p = 0.04, respectively). This experiment demonstrated
that supplementing organic and inorganic Se in lactation diets at levels ranging from 0.15 ppm to 0.25 ppm can
improve sow and piglet Se status.
Keywords: selenium, se concentration, lactating sows, piglets				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP1-64Microwave-dried black soldier fly larvae meal as analternative protein ingredient to soybean mealin laying hen diets
BH Kim, SH Park, MJ Kim, JY Jeong and HJ Jung
1

Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science,2
Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
osorikim619@gmail.com

Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal (HILM) is a promising alternative to soybean meal (SBM).
However, little information is available on the effect of the different manufacturing processes of the HILM in
laying hen diets. Therefore, we studied the effect of dietary inclusion level (6%) and different processing methodsof HILM on productive performance and egg quality of the egg in laying hens. A total of 240 laying hens
(24-week-old) were randomly assigned to five dietary groups (eight replicates and six birds/cage): a control diet
(CON), and four experimental diets in which SBM was replaced with 6% of microwave-dried (MD), air-dried (AD),heat-treated + AD (HAD), and acid-treated + HAD (AHAD) HILM, respectively. The laying hens fed the HILMs
showed satisfactory results in productive performance and egg quality. Although daily feed intake was decreased(p < 0.05) in the AD group than in the CON group, the feed conversion ratio was not different among treatments.
Eggshell thickness was decreased (p < 0.001) and yolk color was increased in the AD group than in the CON, MD,
and AHAD groups. There were no significant differences in the water, protein, lipids, ash, and cholesterol contents;
however, carotenoid content was higher (p < 0.01) in MD, AD, HAD, and AHAD groups than in the CON group.
In conclusion, MD HILM could be a possible alternative to SBM in the diets of laying hens without negative
effects on productive performance and egg quality.
Keywords: black soldier fly larvae meal, egg quality, laying hens, productive performance210

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-66Regression study to investigate the relationship between
heat stress and carcass characteristics in pigs
DS Lee1, DK Yoo1, HR Kim2 and JK Seo1
1

Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea 2National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

The relationship between heat stress (HS) and carcass characteristics in pigs were estimated using a segmented
regression model. The degree of HS was estimated by the temperature-humidity index (THI) calculated from daily
average temperature and relative humidity. The data set for this study comprised 11,381,611 records including
carcass weight and backfat thickness from pigs (barrows: 5,771,389, gilts: 5,610,222) in 5,593 South Korea pig
farms. Data were collected from January 2017 to December 2017 through Korea Institute for Animal Products
Quality Evaluation and merged with meteorological data from 600 automatic weather stations through the Korea
Meteorological Administration. The segmented-regression model was used to detect the THI thresholds in whichslaughter performance was changed rapidly. THI breakpoints of carcass weight and backfat thickness in barrows
were 61.3 and 62.5 indicating that carcass weight and backfat thickness were decreased when THI was over therespective thresholds. For gilts, THI breakpoints of carcass weight and backfat thickness were 61.4 and 76.0. Bothsex groups revealed similar patterns, indicating that elevated THI had a negative relationship with carcass weightand backfat thickness. Hence, a higher THI threshold for backfat thickness was found in gilts compared withbarrows. Our results confirmed the negative effect of heat stress on pig slaughter performance.
Keywords: temperature-humidity index, pig, slaughter performance, big data

This work was carried out with the support of “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology
Development (Project No. PJ01491606)” Rural Development Administration, Korea.

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PP1-68

Effects of dietary supplementation of expanded polystyreneon growth traits, blood properties, and production
performance in laying hens
CT Chang, YQ Huang, CP Wu and JM Li
National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
melody0416meow@gmail.com

We observed chickens pecking out of curiosity at discarded styrofoam boxes, but research revealed that the
expanded polystyrene (EPS) in styrofoam boxes can interfere with production performance in birds, and raise
glutamic oxaloacetic transferase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities. Thus, the purpose ofthis study was investigated the effects of dietary EPS supplementation on growth traits, blood properties, andproduction performance of laying hens. 40 laying hens of Hy-Line W-36 strain (14‒15 weeks) were randomly
divided into 5 groups: CON (basic diet), EPS5 (CON + 0.05% EPS), EPS10 (CON + 0.1% EPS), EPS15 (CON +0.15% EPS), and EPS20 (CON + 0.2% EPS), and reared in 2 period: developing (14-21 weeks of age) and laying
period (22‒40 weeks of age). The results indicated that weekly body weight and egg quality parameters (including
eggshell breaking strength, eggshell thickness, albumen index, yolk index, yolk weight, and Haugh unit) were
not difference (p > 0.05). However, the feed intake was increased (p < 0.05) in EPS5 group compared with CON
group during 16‒18 weeks. In blood properties, the GOT activity was significantly increased in EPS10 more thanin CON group. We also observed that dietary supplementation of EPS in the early laying period significantly
resulted in decreased egg production and lower egg weight than in CON group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary
supplementation of EPS didn’t affect the growth traits and egg quality of laying hens, but had a negative impact on
the production performance during initial laying period.
Keywords: laying hen, expanded polystyrene, production performance212

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-70A prediction equation for energy digestibility in feeds using
a multi-sample simultaneous digestion method for pigs
NA Park, J Son and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
parknoa0227@gmail.com

The objective was to develop an equation for estimating energy digestibility using a novel in vitro multi-sample
simultaneous digestion method. A corn-soybean meal-based basal diet and 10 diets replacing 30% of the basal
diet with a test ingredient were prepared. An additional corn diet was prepared resulting in a total of 12 diets thatwere determined for in vivo energy digestibility. In vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) and organic matter
disappearance (IVOMD) of diets and ingredients were determined using a conventional 3-step in vitro assay
method with flasks to simulate digestion in the stomach, the small intestine, and the large intestine of pigs for 2,
4, and 18 h, respectively. A DaisyII incubator was employed to determine IVDMD and IVOMD with modificationin the incubation time (2, 14, and 18 h, respectively). Twenty-three bags containing feed samples and a blank bag
were incubated in a digestion solution-containing jar. The IVDMDflask (r = 0.78 and p < 0.001) and IVOMDflask(r = 0.77 and p < 0.001) determined using flasks were positively correlated with the in vivo energy digestility.
The IVDMDbag (r = 0.85 and p < 0.001) and IVOMDbag (r = 0.85 and p < 0.001) determined using bags werepositively correlated with the in vivo energy digestibility. An equation for predicting in vivo energy digestibility
was developed: energy digestibility (%) = 0.65 × IVOMDbag (%) + 26.6 (r2 = 0.72 and p < 0.001). Overall, a novelin vitro procedure using the DaisyII incubator can be used for estimating energy digestibility of multiple samples
simultaneously.
Keywords: DaisyII incubator, in vitro, regression equation, swine				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP1-72Estimation of dry matter and crude protein residues
originating from exogenous digestive enzymes based on
the amounts of pepsin and pancreatin used in 2-step invitro assays
YS Song, HS Kim and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
sang8sys@gmail.com

In vitro assays are used to determine nutrient utilization by animals based on high correlation with in vivo
digestibility values. At the end of an in vitro assay, undigested residue contains enzymes originating fromexogenous digestive enzymes, which causes underestimation of nutrient disappearance. A blank group is essential
to correct this underestimation of nutrient utilization. We aimed to develop equations for estimating dry matter (DM)and crude protein (CP) in residues based on the amount of exogenous digestive enzymes in a 2-step in vitro assay.
Three pepsin doses of 0, 100, and 200 mg/flask in step 1 and 3 pancreatin doses of 0, 500, and 1,000 mg/flask instep 2 were tested in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement with no ingredient added. Each test flask was incubated for 6
h in step 1 and 18 h in step 2. The DM and CP in the residues increased linearly (p < 0.01) with increasing pepsin
doses, but the magnitude of the residual DM and CP increment by pepsin doses decreased with incremental dosesof pancreatin (linear interaction p < 0.01). With the intercepts forced to 0, two equations were developed: residual
DM, μg/flask = 65.23 × pepsin + 37.89 × pancreatin – 0.0479 × pepsin × pancreatin, R2 = 0.96; residual CP, μg/
flask = 69.17 × pepsin + 38.00 × pancreatin – 0.0649 × pepsin × pancreatin, R2 = 0.97, where pepsin and pancreatinin mg/flask. The present equations can be used for determining in vitro protein utilization without a blank group.
Keywords: pancreatin, pepsin, two-step in vitro disappearance, undigested enzymes

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-74

A prediction equation for estimating energy digestibility ofswine feeds using in vitro total tract disappearanceof dry matter
JW Roh, J Kim, J Son and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
qkswkdsla4@naver.com

The objectives of the present work were to determine the in vitro total tract disappearance (IVTTD) of dry matter(DM) in plant feed ingredients and to develop an equation for estimating energy digestibility in feeds for pigs.
Eleven test ingredients were soybean meal (SBM), corn, rapeseed meal, rice bran, corn gluten feed, corn distillers
dried grains with solubles (DDGS), wheat bran, sugar beet pulp, copra meal, soybean hulls, and palm kernel
expellers. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentrations of the test ingredients ranged from 10.2 to 64.7%. A
basal diet was consisted of corn and SBM as the sole energy sources and 10 diets were formulated by replacing
30% of corn and SBM with each test ingredient except corn. An additional diet was prepared to contain 97.7%
corn as the sole energy source. In vivo energy digestibility of the diets was obtained from an animal experiment.
All ingredients and diets were tested using a 3-step in vitro assay that simulates the digestion and absorption ofnutrients in pigs. Feed NDF concentrations were negatively correlated with IVTTD of DM (r = −0.80, p < 0.001)
and in vivo energy digestibility (r = −0.85, p < 0.001). A prediction equation for energy digestibility developed
was: energy digestibility (%) = 40.82 + 0.658 × IVTTD of DM (%) − 2.19 × ash (r2 = 0.76 and p < 0.001).
In conclusion, nutrient and energy utilization was negatively correlated with fiber concentrations and energy
digestibility can be estimated using in vitro dry matter disappearance and ash as independent variables.
Keywords: energy digestibility, in vitro assay, prediction equation, swine				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-76

Effects of different copper sources and levels on copper
digestibility, fecal mineral excretion and mineral status ingrowing pigs
Min Ji Kim, Pil Nam Seong, Jin Young Jeong, Seol Hwa Park, Byeong Hyeon Kim
and Hyunjung Jung
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
Cooper is an essential micronutrient for maintenance, growth and optimum health in livestock. Cu can be addedin pig diet for weanling pig and growing pigs to reduce diarrhea and improve growth performance. Therefore, theobjective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different copper sources (inorganic and organic) and levels(50 and 100 mg/kg) on copper digestibility, fecal mineral excretion and mineral status in growing pigs. In thisexperiment, the pigs were penned individually and a 3 × 2 + 1 treatment structure was used. The dietary treatments
consisted of control (CON) diet (basal corn-SBM diet without additional added Cu) and other treatments were fed
the CON diet with CuSO4, Cu-amino acid complex (CuAA), and Cu-hydroxy-4-methylthio butanoate complex(CuHMB) at 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. In this study, although the Cu excretion was decreased (p < 0.01) inpigs fed 100 mg/kg of organic Cu sources than those fed CuSO4, there was no difference in pigs fed 50 mg/kg of
all Cu sources. However, apparent total tract digestibility of Cu was increased (p < 0.01) in pigs fed organic Cu
sources than CuSO4. Adding CuHMB increased (p < 0.01) serum phosphorus and sulfur concentrations. It suggeststhat the organic Cu sources improved the Cu digestibility and adding CuHMB may increase P and S availability incorn-SBM diet.
Keywords: copper level, digestibility, mineral, growing pigs

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-78Optimum supplemental chromium concentrations foralleviating the detrimental effects of heat stress on weightgain in broiler chicken
H Kim, BG Kim and KW Lee
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
sunlight1995@naver.com

The objective was to determine the optimum supplemental chromium (Cr) concentration for alleviating theinfluence of heat stress (HS) on the performance of broilers. A total of 65 observations from 29 experiments that
determined the growth performance of broilers under HS fed various doses of Cr were collected. The control
groups had no supplemental Cr, whereas supplemental Cr concentrations in the treatment groups ranged from 200
to 2,000 µg/kg. The sources of Cr were Cr chloride (n = 12), Cr-amino acid chelate (n = 14), and Cr picolinate (n= 39). The relative difference for average daily gain (ΔADG, %) in broilers fed a Cr-supplemented diet comparedwith the control group was calculated. For the comparison of ΔADG among Cr sources, the source was considered
a fixed variable while the experiment and supplemental Cr concentration within the experiment were consideredrandom variables. The ΔADG was not different among the sources. Polynomial contrasts indicated that ΔADG
was quadratically increased (p = 0.019) as dietary Cr concentration increased. The optimum supplemental Cr
concentrations to maximize ΔADG in broilers under HS were 721 µg/kg (SE = 220 and p = 0.018) based on oneslope broken-line analysis and 870 µg/kg (SE = 318 and p = 0.021) based on quadratic broken-line analysis. Taken
together, the optimum supplemental Cr concentration in broiler diets to alleviate the detrimental effects of heatstress on body weight gain is 795 µg/kg.
Keywords: average daily gain, broiler chicken, chromium, heat stress				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-80Evaluation of enteric methane production from growing
and finishing pigs
DH Kim, JH Shin, SH Lee and HK Ahn
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
dhkim90@cnu.ac.kr

Among the domestic enteric methane emission, pig enteric fermentation methane emissions account for about
7.4%. Since the enteric methane emission factor for domestic swine operation has not been developed, the IPCC
Tier 1 approach default methane enteric fermentation factor, 1.5 kg CH4 yr‒1·head‒1, is used. Therefore, this study
was conducted to develop domestic enteric fermentation methane emission factor of pigs according to the growing
stage. This experiment was carried out on growing pigs up to 2‒4 months old and finishing pigs up to 4‒6 months
old using the respiration chamber designed and manufactured to determine the enteric methane emission. The
ventilation rate was maintained at 304.7 ± 0.90 L per minute, and methane concentration was measured using areal-time monitoring system. The recovery rate of the enteric methane emission evaluation chamber used in thisstudy was 101.7 ± 0.90%. This experiment was conducted on 18 growing pigs and 12 finishing pigs for eachgrowing stage using three respiration chambers. The pigs were given free access to water and fed ad libitum
throughout the entire experiment period. As a result of the study, the methane emission rate was 0.86 ± 0.19 g/head/day for grownig pigs and 3.7 ± 0.50 g/head/day for finishing pigs. The enteric methane emission rate offinishing pigs was about four times higher as that of growing pigs (p < 0.05). According to 1 kg of body weight,
the daily methane emission per head is 13.1 ± 2.45 mg of growing pigs, while the finishing pigs was 35.7 ± 13.02
mg, which was 2.7 times higher than growing pigs (p < 0.05).
Keywords: pig, enteric fermentation, respiration chamber, methane218

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-82

Effect of a single or combination of dietary glycine andbetaine supplementation on growth performance andbreast meat quality in broiler chickens raised under heatstress conditions
SY Won, DY Kim, CH Kwon, JH Lee, HW Kim and DY Kil
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
wosy96@cau.ac.kr

The objective of this experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of a single or combination of dietary
glycine (Gly) and betaine (Bet) supplementation on growth performance and breast meat quality in broiler chickens
raised under heat stress conditions. This experiment was performed using a completely randomized design with 2
× 2 factorial arrangements including 2 levels of supplemental Gly (0 and 0.79%) and Bet (0 and 0.20%) in broiler
diets. The basal diet with no supplementation of Gly and Bet was formulated to meet or exceed the nutrient andenergy requirement for broiler chickens. A total of 336 21-d-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were allotted to 1 of 4
dietary treatments with 7 replicates. All chickens were raised under a cyclic heat stress condition at 31.8 ± 0.9℃
for 8 h/d and 28.0 ± 1.2℃ for the remaining time. The experiment lasted for 14 d. Results indicated that a single
or combination of dietary Gly and Bet supplementation increased (p < 0.05) body weight (BW) and BW gain, but
decreased (p < 0.05) FCR of broiler chickens. However, the significant interaction was only observed (p < 0.05)
for FCR. When diets did not contain additional Gly, dietary Bet decreased (p < 0.05) FCR, but such an effectwas not observed when diets contained additional Gly. Dietary treatments did not affect breast meat quality inbroiler chickens. In conclusion, a single or combination of dietary Gly and Bet supplementation improves growth
performance in broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions.
Keywords: glycine, betaine, heat stress, broiler chicken				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l219

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-84

Effects of dietary levels of corngluten meal on growth
performance, blood characteristics, and meat quality inbroiler chick
DW Kim1, KE Kim2, SH Lee3, HY Kim3 and HG Nho1
1

Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea, 2Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea,
3
Kongju National University, Yeosan, Korea
poultry98@korea.kr

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary levels of corngluten meal on growth
performance and meat quality in broiler chickss. A total of four hundred eighty 1-d-old broiler chicks (Ross 308)
were divided into 7 groups with 6 replicates of 10 birds each. Dietary treatments consisted of 7 levels of corngluten
meal (0.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, 12.5% or 15.0%). The final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake,and feed conversion ratio were significantly deteriorate or tended to be deteriorate with increasing dietarycorngluten meal levels (p < 0.05). No significant difference among the all groups were observed on blood chemicalcomposition. The pH, water holding capacity, and shear force of breast meat were significantly increased in broiler
chicks fed the dietary corngluten treated groups (p < 0.05). The meat colors of skin, breast meat, thigh meat, andabdominal fat were significantly increased or tended to be increased with increasing dietary corngluten meal levels(p < 0.05). The dietary corngluten meal did not have significant effect on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) values and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN).
Keywords: corngluten meal, broiler, growth performance, meat quality

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-86

Supplementing amino acids in low protein diets for broiler
chickens
IH Cho1, SH An1, CW Lee1, JH Yoon1, N Namgung2 and C Kong1
1

Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea, 2Livestock Science R&D Center, EASY Holdings
Co Ltd., Seoul, Korea
inhoblog970630@gmail.com

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of low-protein (LP) diets supplemented with amino acids (AA)on growth performance and nitrogen (N)-excretion. A total of 175 7-d-old Ross 308 male broilers were allocatedto 7 treatments in a randomized complete block design with 5 replicate cages and 5 birds per cage. Treatments
consisted of a control diet (20.0% CP), 2 LP diets (18.5% or 17.0% CP), 2 LP diets with indispensable AA, and 2
LP diets with indispensable AA, glycine, and glutamic acid. Birds received experimental grower diets from d 7 to
21 post-hatch followed by commercial finisher diets for 7 d. During the grower, birds fed LP diets showed less (p< 0.05) final body weight (FBW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake, and gain to feed ratio (G:F) comparedwith the control diet, whereas the growth of birds fed LP diets with AA didn’t differ from the control diet. During
the finisher, LP diets showed less (p < 0.05) FBW than the control diet. During the overall, BWG and G:F of birds
fed the control diet were greater than LP diets, but those weren’t different from LP diets with AA. N-excretion of
the control diet was less than LP diets (p < 0.05) however it wasn’t different from LP diets with AA. In conclusion,
supplementing indispensable and dispensable AA to LP diet might reduce not only dietary crude protein level from
20% to 17% but also N-excretion without adverse effects on growth performance of broilers.
Keywords: protein, amino acid, nitrogen-excretion, broiler				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-88Supplementation effects of feed additive containing
multi-probiotic strains and Schisandra chinensis combinedwith eggshell in broilers
SH Kim, SG Moon, SW Jeon, YQ Wang, JY On, MG Choi and SK Kim
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
990214ksh@naver.com

This study was to evaluate the effects of feed additive consisting of multi-probiotic strains, Schisandra chinensis(SC), and eggshell on growth performance, meat quality, and intestinal microflora in broilers. The feed additive
is consisted of 42% of eggshell, 5% of SC, and 108 CFU/g of multi-probiotic strains including Bacillus subtilis,
B. licheniformis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and additional nutrients premix. Total of 360 male Arbor Acres(1-day-old) were assigned to four dietary treatments consisting of 6 replicates of 15 birds under the completely
randomized design. The treatment groups were as follow: corn-soybean meal based basal diet (C); basal diet +0.025% of Avilamix (PC); basal diet + 0.2% experimental additive (T1); basal diet + 0.4% experimental additive(T2). The experiment lasted for 28 d including grower phase (21 d) and finisher phase (21 d‒28 d). Growth
performance parameters were measured at weekly basis. Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) anddigesta of each intestinal section, and meat (breast and thigh) were sampled from two birds of each replicate forobserving intestinal histomorphology, microbiota, and meat quality. There was no significant difference among
the groups in growth performance. The color b* value of breast meat was significantly increased in the PC groupcompared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The lengths of jejunum and ileum were significantly lower in PC, T1, orT2 groups than control group (p < 0.05), suggesting positive changes on gastrointestinal tract.
Keywords: Schisandra chinensis, broiler, probiotic, eggshell222

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-90Effects of feeding strategies on physiological parameters
and reproductive performance of early gestating sows
SP Su1, W Jantasin2, YD Hsuuw1, JW Lee1 and LC Hsia1,3
1

Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung Universityof Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, 2Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Yu Chou
Friendly Agriculture Research Institute, Pingtung, Taiwan
lchsia@mail.npust.edu.tw

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different feeding strategies in the early gestationof sows on physiological parameters and reproductive performance. A total of 18 pregnant sows were randomly
distributed to T1: Feeding 1.5 kg after mating to 30 days of pregnancy, T2: Feeding 1.5 kg after mating to 7
days of pregnancy, and feeding 2.5 kg to 30 days of pregnancy, T3: After mating, feeding 2.5 kg to 30 days ofpregnancy. Results showed that increased feed intake affected the body weight at the early gestation stage. For the
reproductive performance, T3 had the highest litter size. The litter size at T2 was less than T3, but still high thancontrol, and birth weight and weaning weight of piglets had a better trend than T3. Therefore, increased feed intake
at the early gestation would increase litter size, if using the strategy that provided low feed intake during 0‒7 days
after mating, and feeding 2.5 kg until 30 days, might get better piglets’ performance.
Keywords: feeding strategies, sows, physiological parameters, reproductive performance				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

223

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-92

Effects of different feeding strategies on behavior of lategestating sows
SP Su1, YD Hsuuw1, W Jantasin2, JW Lee1 and LC Hsia1,3
1

Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung Universityof Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, 2Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Yu Chou
Friendly Agriculture Research Institute, Pingtung, Taiwan
lchsia@mail.npust.edu.tw

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of different feeding strategies on behavior of late gestatingsows. A total of 20 pregnant sows were randomly distributed into the diet treatments: T1: 3.6 kg/ day (1.8 kg in
the morning and evening respectively), T2: 4.8 kg/ day (1.8 kg at 4 and 5 am, 1.2 kg at noon) and T3: 4.8 kg/ day(1.8 kg at morning and evening respectively, 1.2 kg at noon). Behavioral observation was conducted on differentdays (80, 100 days of pregnancy, 2 and 4 weeks after farrowing). Results showed that high feed intake treatment
had higher moving (p < 0.001). Rooting, dog sitting, vacuum chewing, and calling behavior was high in the low
feed intake treatment (p < 0.001). Drinking behavior would increase (p < 0.001) for the following days of lactation
period. Eating time was significantly higher at daytime (p < 0.001). Also the treatment group have significantly
less calling behavior (p < 0.001), but the milking times is more than the control group (p > 0.01). Therefore, thestrategy of increased feed intake in the early morning for late gestating sows had benefits on the sow and piglet
performance.
Keywords: feeding strategies, sows, behavior, feed intake

224

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-94

Effects of Ganoderma lucidum on immune response of broilers
CN Gyawali1, JW Lee1, W Jantasin2 and LC Hsia1,3
1

Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung Universityof Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, 2Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Yu Chou
Friendly Agriculture Research Institute, Pingtung, Taiwan
lchsia@mail.npust.edu.tw

This experiment investigated the effects of Ganoderma lucidum (GL), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine,on immunity of broilers. A total of 120 0-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned into 4 dietary
treatments with 30 replicates and 1 bird per cage. The dietary treatments consisted of corn-soybean meal basal dietas control, control plus GL powder 0.1%, 0.5% and 0.025% of GL extract. Ambient temperature was decreased
2℃ weekly: 30℃ in week 1, 28°C in week 2, 26°C in week 3 and maintained at 24℃ until the end of the trial.
All chicks were kept individually in a cage with 24 hr lighting. The blood was collected weeks 3 and 6 to measure
the immune response (IgG, IgA and TNF-α), and 6 samples were collected for each treatment, totally 24 samples
each time. The result showed dietary GL increased (p < 0.05) the serum immunoglobulin IgA, and IgG, and TNF-αlevels of broilers compared with the control diet. These results demonstrated that GL had immune response inbroilers.
Keywords: Ganoderma lucidum, immunity, broilers

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP1-96

Energy concentration, nutrient and dietary fiber
digestibilities of banana meal in broiler chickens
AP Maderse, KRC Sernande and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
kcsernande@up.edu.ph

The objective of this study was to determine the energy concentration, nutrient and dietary fiber digestibilities ofbanana meal in broiler chickens. A total of 24 day-old Cobb 500 broilers were individually housed in metabolic
cages that allowed for total excreta collection. Birds were randomly allotted to 3 experimental diets using acompletely randomized design with 8 replicates per diet. A corn-soybean meal basal diet and 2 diets consistingof 70% basal diet and 30% unpeeled (UBM) and peeled banana meal (PBM) were formulated. The apparent total
tract digestibility (ATTD, %) of DM, GE and crude fiber were calculated for each diet. The apparent metabolizableenergy (AME) and nitrogen-corrected AME (AMEn) in UBM and PBM were calculated using the difference
procedure. The diets containing UBM and PBM had greater (p < 0.001) ATTD of DM, GE and crude fiber
compared with the corn-soy basal diet. No significant differences in ATTD of DM and crude fiber were observedin broilers fed the diets with UBM and PBM. The diet with PBM had greater (p < 0.001) ATTD of GE comparedwith those fed the diet with UBM. The AME and AMEn of UBM and PBM were 3,373 and 3,634 and 3,058 and
3,369 kcal/kg DM, respectively. In conclusion, nutrient and dietary fiber digestibilities of diets with banana meal
were greater compared with those fed corn-soy diets but energy concentration of banana meal was less comparedto yellow corn in broiler chickens.
Keywords: banana meal, broiler chickens, energy, dietary fiber, nutrient digestibility

226

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-98

Effect of exogenous protease supplementation on nitrogenbalance, growth performance, and carcass characteristics
of broiler chickens
GDL Vidal, AB Magarro and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
abmagarro@up.edu.phTwo experiments were conducted to determine the effect of exogenous protease supplementation on daily Nbalance and apparent total tract digestibility of N (Exp. 1) and growth performance, excreta quality, and carcass
characteristics of broilers (Exp. 2). In Exp. 1, 72 day-old male Cobb 500 broiler chicks were individually placedin metabolic cages and randomly allotted to 1 of 6 treatments using a completely randomized design. The first diet
was a standard corn-soybean meal diet. The second diet was formulated by lowering the CP and standardized ileal
digestible (SID) AA by 10% (NC). The next 4 diets were the NC diet supplemented with four different commercial
sources of exogenous protease at their recommended doses. Results showed no improvements in ATTD of N,
growth performance, and excreta moisture of broilers fed diets supplemented with exogenous proteases. In Exp.
2, 800 day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 1 of 8 treatments using a randomized complete
block design. The treatments were a positive and negative controls (NC) and NC supplemented with seven different
sources of exogenous proteases. Exogenous protease supplementation, regardless of the commercial source, did not
improve growth performance, excreta quality, and carcass characteristics of birds fed the NC diet. In conclusion,
supplementation of exogenous proteases did not improve apparent total tract digestibility of nitrogen, growth
performance, excreta quality or carcass characteristics of broilers.
Keywords: broilers, protease, nitrogen balance, growth performance				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP2-2

Evaluation of rumen microbiome of early fattening Hanwoo
steers with different feed efficiencies
CJ Park1, HS Lee1,2, S Yoon1, SH Sim1, HS Seon1, MS Kim1, SG Jung1 and M Kim1
1

Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Korea, 2Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japanqkrcjfwn3@naver.com

The objective of this study is to evaluate the rumen microbiome of early fattening Hanwoo steers with different
feed efficiencies. Sixty-four Hanwoo steers were fed the same TMR diet containing 13.4% CP, 5.2% EE, 51.1%
NDF and 25.9% ADF. Among the 64 steers, 12 steers including the top 10% feed efficiency group (n = 6) andthe bottom 10% feed efficiency group (n = 6) were selected. From the 12 steers, fresh rumen fluid samples werecollected using the stomach tubing method and then subjected to metagenomic DNA extraction using the beadbeating method. The 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing on the MiSeq platform was conducted and then rumen
microbiome was analyzed using the QIIME2 software package and the MicrobiomeAnalyst tool. Alpha diversity
indices did not differ between the two groups whereas the principal coordinate analysis showed overall different
microbiome between the two groups. LEfSe showed that Anaerovibrio was more abundant (p < 0.05) in the top
10% group than in the bottom 10% group. At the species level, Prevotella bryantii and Selenomonas ruminantium
were more abundant (p < 0.05) in the top 10% group than in the bottom 10% group. Overall functional genetic
profiles were different between the top 10% and the bottom 10% groups (p < 0.05). This study indicates thatrumen microbiome of early fattening Hanwoo steers is associated with feed efficiency, and some taxa may serve as
potential biomarkers representing high feed efficiency.
Keywords: feed efficiency, hanwoo, microbiome, rumen

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Animal Science Congress

PP2-4

Effects of level of heat stress on physiological parametersand performance in Hanwoo steers during the earlyfattening period
JS Woo1, HR Kim2 and KK Park1
1

Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
woojunsik91@konkuk.ac.kr

This study was conducted to assess the effect of level of heat stress (HS) on physiological parameters and growth performancein early-fattening Hanwoo steers. Four Hanwoo steers (BW, 454.3 ± 10.9 kg; age, 14.1 month) were allocated to four levelsof HS in a 4 × 4 Latin square design for 21 days (pre-adaptation, 7 d; HS, 7 d; post-adaptation, 7 d) per period. Treatments
were assigned according to temperature-humidity index (THI): Comfort (26‒27 ℃, 60%; THI 74‒76), Mild (28‒29 ℃, 60%;
THI 77-79), Moderate (28‒30 ℃, 80%; THI 81‒83), and Severe (31‒32 ℃, 80%; THI 84-86) in separate climatic controlledchambers (2.5 × 2.5 × 3 m; length × width × height). Feed and water intake were recorded daily, and body weight wasmeasured twice per period. Heart rate and rectal temperature were measured at 0, 3, and 7 d within each period. The DMI (kg/d) of roughage and water intake (L/d) were the lowest in Severe and lower in Moderate compared with Comfort and Mild(p < 0.05). The ADG (kg/d) of Moderate and Severe was lower than those of Comfort and Mild (p < 0.05). The heart rate(bpm) and rectal temperature (℃) were significantly increased as the HS level increased (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study
demonstrated that physiological parameters growth performance were closely associated with THI in early-fattening Hanwoo
steers.

Keywords: heat stress, temperature humidity index, hanwoo steers, fattening period
Table 1. Effects of level of heat stress on physiology parameters and growth performance in early-fattening Hanwoo steers
THI1

Item

ComfortBody weight gain, kg
Average daily gain, kg/d
Dry matter intake, kg/d
Adaptation
Heat stress
Water intake, L/d
Adaptation
Heat stressHeart rate, bpm3
Adaptation
Heat stress
Rectal temperature, ℃
Adaptation
Heat stress

Concentrate
Rice straw
Concentrate
Rice straw

Mild

Moderate

SevereSEM2p-value

a

7.75
0.78a

a

6.75
0.68a

b

2.75
0.28b

b

1.88
0.19b

0.871
0.290

<0.001<0.001

4.85
0.79
6.77a
1.12a

4.99
0.79
6.79a
1.09a

4.96
0.79
6.58ab
0.96b

4.89
0.81
6.35b
0.83c

0.289
0.035
0.099
0.029

0.182
0.850
0.010
<0.00132.70
36.35c33.05
36.65c32.91
39.91b

33.05
42.26a

0.287
0.902

0.529
<0.00162.50
63.50d63.25
69.00c62.50
76.25b62.13
79.00a

0.576
0.402

0.533
<0.00137.33
37.39d37.23
37.80c37.30
38.65b37.18
39.20a

0.062
0.087

0.331
<0.001

1

THI, temperature-humidity index; Comfort, THI 74‒76; Mild, THI 77‒79; Moderate, THI 81‒83; Severe, 84-86.
SEM, standard error of the means.
bpm, beat per minute.
a-cMeans within a row without a common superscript letter differ (p < 0.05).
2
3

				

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PP2-6

Assessment of fecal microbiome of late fattening Hanwoo
steers with different feed efficiencies
HS Seon1, HS Lee1,2, S Yoon1, SH Sim1, CJ Park1 and M Kim1
1

Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju 61186, Korea, 2Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan
seonhs8760@najnu.ac.kr

The objective of this study is to evaluate the fecal microbiome of late fattening Hanwoo steers with different
efficiencies. A total of 64 late fattening Hanwoo steers were fed the same TMR diet containing 14.4% CP, 5.2%
EE, 50.5% NDF and 25.3% ADF. Among the 64 steers, fecal samples were collected from 14 steers: 1) 7 steers
in the top 10% feed efficiency group, and 2) 7 steers in the bottom 10% feed efficiency group. From the 14 fecal
samples, metagenomic DNA was extracted using the repeat bead beater and column method and then subjected to
16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing on the MiSeq platform. Sequence processing and microbiome analysis wereconducted using the QIIME2 software package. Principal coordinate analysis tended to show microbial separation
between the two feed efficiency groups. Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the first and the second dominantphyla, respectively. No phylum was differentially abundant between the two feed efficiency groups. At the genus
level, LEfSe showed that Paeniclostridium and Romboutsia were more abundant (p < 0.05) in the bottom 10%
group than in the top 10% group. Overall functional genetic profiles were differentially abundant between thetwo feed efficiency groups (p < 0.05). This study indicates that some genera in the late fattening Hanwoo steers isdifferentially abundant depending on feed efficiency and may provide strategies to improve feed efficiency throughmanipulation of fecal microbiome.
Keywords: beef breed, fecal microbiome, feed efficiency, hanwoo230

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Animal Science Congress

PP2-8

Effect of technological feed processing methods on feed
milk value of oat grain in comparison with barley grain in
lactating dairy cows
Marcela Tosta, Luciana L. Prates and Peiqiang Yu
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresouces, University of
Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Canada
peiqiang.yu@usask.ca

There is very limited study on how technological feed processing methods affect ruminant relevant nutritionof oat grain in dairy and beef cattle. This study aimed to investigate impact of technological feed processing
methods on feed milk value of oat grain in lactating dairy cows in comparison with barley grain. The technologicalfeed processing used in this study included steam flaking, pelleting, and rolling processing which carried out at
Canadian Feed Research Center, Canada. Feed milk value of oat grain was determined using four cannulated
lactating dairy cows (mean ca 715 kg BW, 79 DIM and parities 2.5) at Rayner Dairy Teaching and Research
Facility, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. The experiment was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD)
with the mixed procedure of SAS for data analysis. The mean separation method was Tukey. The results showedthat oat grain tended (p = 0.06) to have higher feed milk value than barley grain in lactating dairy cows (1.54 vs. 1.43
kg milk per kg DM of oat). Within oat groups, the technological feed processing methods had no significant effect (p> 0.05) on feed milk value of oat grain in lactating dairy cows.
Keywords: technological feed processing, feed milk value, oat grain, lactating dairy cows

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PP2-10Analysis of changes in composition of elk velvet antler
through lysine feeding
DK Kim, ED Lee, J Lee, SS Lee, BH Choi and KW Kim
Animal Genetics Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Hamyang Gyeongnam, Korea
space1987@korea.kr

This study was undertaken to measure the change in the composition of ingredients for each part of antler whenlysine was additionally fed. The control group was fed a compound feed and roughage, and the lysine group was
fed additionally with lysine from the compound feed and roughage. Collected samples were divided into tip, upper,
middle, and base part by section. In addition, moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude flour, crude fiber, pH, andminerals were analyzed in the sample. When lysine was fed, it was confirmed that the crude protein content washigh in the bone, but it was not significant. Fe was not at a significant difference when lysine was fed, the content
was higher in the tip and upper section, and on the contrary, middle and base section, it was higher in the control
group. Rather it was confirmed that there was a greater change in the composition of ingredients for each part ofthe deer antler than when lysine was fed. It was confirmed that the content of K and crude protein was high inthe tip section, the Fe content was high in upper section. And the content of crude fiber, crude ash, P, and Mg inthe base section. These results will provide information on the changes in the composition of antlers, in cases of
feeding amino acids (lysine).
Keywords: elk, velvet antler, lysine, feeding232

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-12

Diversity of ruminal bacteria in Korean native ruminants
HG Sung1, JH Seo2 and JY Han2
1

Sangji University, Wonju, Korea 2Dep. of Animal Science, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea
haguyn@hanmail.net

The rumen is a complex microbial ecosystem such as bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa in ways that affect thehealth of ruminants. Rumen bacterial diversity between Korean native ruminants are scarce. Therefore, this study
was carried out to compare bacterial diversity in rumen digesta from Kotean black goats, Hanwoo and Holstein
Friesian cattle. Three Hanwoo cattle (550 ± 47 kg), three Holstein Friesian cattle (645 ± 45 kg), and three castrated
Korean black goats (55 ± 4.5 kg) were used to provide rumen digesta for determination of ruminal metataxonomic
analyses. The redundant sequence data of 16S rRNA were filtered out using CD-HIT-OTU (http://weizhonglab.ucsd.edu/cd-hit-otu/), and the filtered sequence was clustered to identify the non-chimeric reads by CD-HITDUP with a greedy algorithm at the species level of 97% similarity. To compare rumen bacterial diversity among
the three ruminant species, alpha diversity, which is the structure of an ecological community in a sample, wasobserved in the solid and liquid fractions of the ruminant stomachs. The alpha diversity in the liquid fractions
from Hanwoo and Holstein Friesian cattle was lower than that in the solid fractions(p < 0.01); however, the solidand liquid fractions from goats had similar bacterial alpha diversity. The bacterial community in Hanwoo solid
samples significantly differed from that in all goat samples and Holstein Friesian liquid samples(p < 0.01). We
also identified close correlations between the distribution of bacterial OTUs in solid and liquid samples from both
Hanwoo and Holstein Friesian cattle. However, the distribution in goat samples was significantly different fromthat in the other animals (p < 0.01).
Keywords: hanwoo, goat, bacterial diversity ruminant nutrition

This research was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea, NRF-2020R1F1A1076625.

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PP2-14The effects of propionic acid on the fermentive
charateristics and mycotoxin reductions in silage of ricestraw contaminated mycotoxins
HG Sung
Sangji University, Wonju, Korea
haguyn@hanmail.net

Feed spoilage by fungi is an enormous problem for feed security. The problem does not end in animal diseaseor production losses as mycotoxins in feeds. So, it is very important to reduce mycotoxins content in the feed.
Therefore, this study was conducted to reduce the mycotoxin content of the contaminated silage materials and toknow fermentative characteristics after treatment of propionic acid in rice straw silage. Rice straw was artificiallycontaminated with Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp. inoculum. Contaminated rice straw by the Aspergillus sp.
and Fusarium sp. were used as a control and treatment which was contaminated rice straw treated with 0.3%
propionic acid before silage making. The volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were analyzed using Gas chromatography
and mycotoxin such as aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2), zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin (B1, B2), ochratoxins
A were measured by HPLC. An in situ DM digestibility was conducted in the cannulated Hanwoo steers. Dry
matter disappearance rates of rice straw silage during in situ incubation were significantly higher in propionate
treatment than non- treatment in 24 and 48 hrs (p < 0.01). The acetic, propionic, butyric acid, total-VFA and lactic
acid of rice straw silage were not detected without pH showing lower by propionic acid treatment. Ochratoxin andzearalenone had observed significant reduction by propionic acid suplimentation (p < 0.01), but other mycotoxins
were non-detected in all treatments. These researches show that organic acids such as propionic acid improve a
quality of rice straw silage.
Keywords: rumen fermentation, Korean native goats, Hanwoo

This research was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea, NRF-2020R1F1A1076625.

234

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Animal Science Congress

PP2-16

Effect of feed conversion ratio during each gestation periodon blood metabolites, calf weight, and body size traits in
Hanwoo cows
MS Park, SS Jang, GS Jang, SR Cho, UH Kim, SS Kang, BH Park, JI Won, S Jin and HJ Lee
Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Gangwon-do, Korea
sunnypark411@korea.kr

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of feed conversion ratio (FCR) of Hanwoo cows during the
gestation period on blood metabolites and calf development. Pregnant cows were assigned to two feeding groups.
Daily 3 kg of compound feed + 5 kg of rice straw were offered to the cow in the control group during the entire
pregnancy. Cows in the treatment group were fed 3 kg of compound feed + 5 kg of rice straw (early pregnancy),
and 4.5 kg of compound feed + 6.5 kg of rice straw (middle, late pregnancy). Correlation analysis was conducted
to see the effect of FCR during the gestation period on blood metabolites and calf development. A significant
negative correlation was shown between early pregnancy FCR and BUN (blood urea nitrogen) in the control group(p < 0.05). Total protein was found to be negatively correlated to calf weight in the treatment group (p < 0.05). In
the treatment group during middle and late pregnancy, FCR showed a significant negative correlation with CHO(cholesterol) and wither height (p < 0.05). In late pregnancy of control group, BUN showed a significant negative
correlation with FCR (p < 0.05). All-period FCR showed a significant negative correlation with BUN in control
group (p < 0.05), and treatment group showed a negative correlation between CHO and calf birth weight (p < 0.05).
As a result, the level of CHO probably has an important effect on FCR during pregnancy when compound feed isincreased. In addition, it is expected that the calf development could increase by maternal nutrition level.
Keywords: pregnant cow management, feeding program, correlation, feed conversion ratio				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP2-18

Effect of expanded flaxseed supplementation on growth
performance, blood metabolites and carcass characteristicsof the late-fattening Hanwoo steers
SH Lee1, KH Son1, MH Song1, HJ Cha1, JS Ahn2, JK Park3, JY Song3, SJ Yun3, EG Kwon1,
JS Shin1 and BK Park1
1

Kangwon National University, Chunchen, Korea, 2Nonghyup Livestock Research Center, Anseong, Korea,
3Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea
202116244@kangwon.ac.kr

Flaxseed is a raw material that is high in energy and omega-3 fatty acids. Flaxseed has been used as an energy
source for the production of functional beef. However, flaxseed may require processing (e.g., expanding treatment)
to improve digestibility because its hard shell. There was no study of the expended flaxseed for Hanwoo steers.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of expanded flaxseed supplementation on growth performance,
blood metabolites, and carcass characteristics in the late-fattening Hanwoo steers. Ten Hanwoo steers wererandomly assigned to the following two treatment groups: control group (basal diet) and treatment group (basal diet+ expanded flaxseed 500 g/steer/day). The average daily gain (ADG) was higher in the treatment group than in thecontrol group during 23–26 months of age (p < 0.05). During the entire experimental period, the ADG was tended
to be higher in the treatment group than in the control group but there was not statistically. The concentration of
triglycerides was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Carcass weightand back-fat thickness were higher in the treatment group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The rib eye area,
marbling score and action price were slightly higher in the treatment than those of control group. Thus, the resultsof this study, indicate that expended flaxseed supplementation has a positive effect on the ADG, carcass weight, rib
eye area, and marbling score in the late-fattening Hanwoo steers.
Keywords: flaxseed, Hanwoo steers, growth performance, carcass characteristics

236

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-20Effect of energy and protein contents in commercial calf
starters on rumen fermentation and growth performance in
Hanwoo calves
HJ Cha1, GH Son1, MH Song1, SH Lee1, JS Ahn2, JK Park3, JY Song3, SJ Yoon3, EG Kwon1,
JS Shin1 and BK Park1
1

Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea,
Nonghyup Livestock Research Center, Anseong, South Korea, 3Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea

2

hj.cha@kangwon.ac.kr

The optimal supply of protein and energy in calf starters is vital for growth and health of calves. We hypothesizedthat rumen fermentation and growth performance of Hanwoo calves may differ depending on the contents of crude
protein (CP) and total digestible nutrient (TDN) in the calf starter. This study was conducted to investigate theeffects of CP and TDN contents in calf starters on rumen fermentation and growth performance in Hanwoo calves.
Forty calves were randomly assigned to one of four dietary groups based on the TDN [high TDN (73‒77%): HTor low TDN (71‒72%): LT] and CP [high CP (25‒26%): HP or low CP (23‒24%): LP] levels: HT-HP, HT-LP, LTHP, and LT-LP groups. The TDN and CP levels did not affect the concentrations of ruminal total gas, propionate,acetate, and NH3-N during 12 h of in vitro incubation. The butyrate concentration was significantly higher in the
LT-LP group than in the HT-HP group at 6 h of incubation (p < 0.05). The neutral detergent fiber degradability
was significantly lower in the LT-LP group than in the HT-HP group (p < 0.05). The CP and TDN contents in calf
starters did not markedly affect the growth performance of Hanwoo calves. As a result, the high content of TDN
and CP in calf starters has no significant effect on most rumen fermentation and growth performance. Thus, theresults of this study suggest that 23% and 71% of the CP and TDN contents are sufficient in calf starters.
Keywords: crude protein, TDN, calf starter, Hanwoo calf				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP2-22

Effect of micronutrient (L-tryptophan) imprinting on growth
performance, fecal consistency, and blood parameter ofHanwoo calves
GH Son1, HJ Cha1, MH Song1, SH Lee1, JS Ahn2, JK Park3, JY Song3, SJ Yoon3, EG Kwon1,
BG Park1 and JS Shin1
1

Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Nonghyup Livestock Research Center, Anseong, Korea,
3Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea
oscar0202@naver.com

Considering that calf diarrhea accounts for 50–75% of calf mortality, strengthening immunity and preventing
diarrhea are essential factors for enhancing productivity. Tryptophan is known to closely associated with theincrease immunity and nutrient utilization of ruminants. This study was, therefore, conducted to investigate theeffects of tryptophan supplementation on the fecal score, growth performance, and immunity of Hanwoo calves.
Ten newborn Hanwoo calves (body weight: 29.5 ± 3.8 kg) were randomly assigned to the following two groups:
control group was fed with basal diet (commercial concentrate + annual ryegrass) and treatment group [basal diet
+ L-tryptophan (0.1% of commercial concentrate)] and observed from calving to 120 days of age. The initial bodyweights were similar between treatments. However, the final body weights and average daily gain of the treatmentgroup were significantly higher than those of the control group. Although the fecal scores at 1–2 and 3–4 monthsof age were similar, the control group demonstrated significantly higher fecal scores at birth to ~1 and 2–3 monthsof age (p < 0.05). The serum magnesium concentration was significantly higher in the treatment group than in thecontrol group (p < 0.05). The effect of supplementation with tryptophan on the complete blood cells was small.
However, the concentrations of IgA and IgM demonstrated a tendency to increase in the treatment group comparedwith control group. Therefore, tryptophan supplementation has a positive effect on immunity and is effective in
improving the fecal score and growth performance of Hanwoo calves.
Keywords: L-tryptophan, Hanwoo calf, average daily gain, fecal score

238

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-24

Estimation of different feed sources on in vitro fermentation
characteristics and greenhouse gases in the rumen
MJ Seo1, SM Jeong1, YH Joo1, SS Lee2, DHV Paradhipta3 and SC Kim1
1

Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus, Insti. of Agric. & Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju 52828, Korea, 2Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute ofAnimal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea, 3Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Facultyof Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55218, Indonesia
audwltj@naver.com

This study estimated in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and greenhouse gas emissions of five feed sources.
Corn meal (CM), soybean meal (SM), wheat flour (WF), palm meal (PM), and dried distillers grains with solubles(DDGS) were ground to pass 1-mm screen for the chemical compositions and in vitro rumen incubation. Rumen
fluid was collected from cannulated Hanwoo heifers, and mixed with Van Soest medium at a 1:2 ratio. Each feedsource (0.3 g) with rumen fluid mixture (30 mL) was incubated in quadruplicate for 24 h at 39℃. After 24 hincubation, total gas production was recorded and sub-sampled for CO2 and CH4 analysis. Rumen fluid mixture
was centrifuged to collect the supernatant for pH, ammonia-N, and volatile fatty acid (VFA), and the residue for invitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). The IVDMD was the highest (p < 0.05) in CM, but the lowest (p < 0.05) in
PM and DDGS. Rumen pH and ammonia-N concentration were the highest (p < 0.05) in SM, but VFA in SM and
WF. Acetate content was higher (p < 0.05) in SM, WF, and DDGS, while the highest propionate content in DDGS
lead to the lowest (p < 0.05) AP ratio. Total gas production (mL/g IVDMD) was higher (p < 0.05) in CM, WF, andPM than in SM and DDGS. The lowest greenhouse gases detected (p < 0.05) in SM (CO2), PM (CH4), and DDGS
(CO2 and CH4). In conclusion, PM and DDGS had the lowest CH4 production based on IVDMD compared to theother feed sources.
Keywords: feed source, greenhouse gases, rumen fermentation

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PP2-26

Influence of high concentration organic mineral onoxidative status and heat shock proteins in Holstein calvesduring short-term heat stress and recovery period
AR Son1, SH Kim1, LL Mamuad1, MA Miguel1, YP Naing1, EJ Go1, S Kim2 and SS Lee1
1

Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Woosungvet Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Korea
arang77@scnu.ac.kr

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of inorganic and organic minerals to reduce oxidative stressin Holstein calves during short-term heat stress (HS) and recovery period. Eight Holstein calves were randomly
assigned to four treatment groups: mineral-free (Con), inorganic minerals (IM), organic minerals (OM), and highconcentration organic minerals (HOM) in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with 4 periods of 35 days and kept in atemperature-controlled barn. The experimental periods consisted of 14 d for HS, 14 d for recovery, and 7 d for
diet adaptation for the next period. Results showed that selenium concentration in serum was higher during therecovery period than in the HS period (p < 0.05). Selenium concentration in serum was high in the HS period(90.38 μg/dL) and recovery period (102.00 μg/dL) of HOM-supplemented calves (p < 0.05). During HS period,
the concentration of serum cortisol was 20.26 ng/mL in HOM group, which was 5.60 ng/mL lower than that of thecontrol group (p<0.05). The total antioxidant status was the highest in the OM group (2.71 mmol Trolox Equiv./
L) during HS and in the HOM group (2.58 mmol Trolox Equiv./L) during the recovery period (p < 0.05). Plasma
Malondialdehyde and HSP70 were decreased by HOM supplementation during HS and the recovery period,
while SOD was increased (p > 0.05). Therefore, supplementation with HOM during HS reduced concentrationsof cortisol and heat shock protein 70 in Holstein calves, suggesting that high organic mineral supplementation in
calves may alleviate the adverse effects of HS.
Keywords: holstein calf, heat stress, minerals, oxidative stress, heat shock protein

240

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-28

Milk performance and quality are negatively associatedwith heat stress in Korea dairy system
DK Yoo1, DS Lee1, HR Kim2 and JK Seo1
1

Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
fbrjsgud@pusan.ac.kr

The effects of heat stress (HS) on milk traits were estimated using a segmented regression model. The degree of
HS was estimated by the temperature-humidity index (THI) which was calculated from daily average temperatureand relative humidity. The data set for this study comprised 564,888 records including yield of milk, fat and protein
corrected milk (FPCM), and milk composition from Holstein cows (primiparous: n = 196,169; multiparous: n =368,719) in 2,394 South Korea dairy farms. Data were collected from January 2018 to December 2018 through
Dairy Cattle Improvement Program and merged with meteorological data from 600 automatic weather stations
through the Korea Meteorological Administration. The segmented-regression model was used to detect the THI
thresholds in which milk performance was changed rapidly. THI break points of milk, FPCM, milk fat, andmilk protein yield in primiparous were 73.8, 74.0, 74.0, and 73.9, indicating that all milk traits were decreased
when THI was over the respective thresholds. For multiparous, THI break points of milk, FPCM, milk fat, andmilk protein yield were 69.5, 69.4, 68.6, and 70.3. Both parity groups revealed similar patterns, indicating thatelevated THI had a negative impact on all milk performance parameters. Hence, the higher THI threshold for milk
performance traits were found in primiparous cows compared with multiparous cows. Our results confirmed thenegative effect of heat stress on dairy cattle performance reported in previous studies.
Keywords: temperature-humidity index, dairy, milk performance, big data

This work was carried out with the support of “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology
Development (Project No. PJ01491606)” Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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PP2-30The use of rumen bolus sensors to detect physiologicalchanges in stressed growing Holstein steers
JH Wang, DK Yoo and JK Seo
Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
socuo6@pusan.ac.kr

The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes of physiological state in Holstein growing steers using
the rumen bolus sensor. A total of thirty-two Holstein young steers (219.48 ± 16.61 kg, 7.25 ± 0.40 months ofage) were used. The rumen bolus sensor (Smart alyac®, Hankook Iot Corp, Gimcheon, Korea) can measure bodytemperature (BT) but also moving behavior which was expressed as index (moving index, MI). All steers equippedwith the bolus sensor were housed in pens (4 animals per pen) and the sensor data were collected for 29 days.
During experimental period, the average MI for the day (day : 0700 to 1900, night : 2000 to 0600) was higher thanthat for the night (day: 111.10, night: 98.53, p < 0.0001), but the result of average BT was opposite (day: 39.04℃,
night: 39.62℃, p < 0.0001). The average MI in animals having low average daily gain (ADG) was higher thanthose having high ADG (low ADG: 105.46, high ADG: 103.66, p < 0.0001). When the steers were exposed tostresses, the average MI was lower than that in steers under normal condition (normal: 117.40, stress: 109.88, p <0.01). The stressed steers also showed the increased BT compared to steers in normal condition (normal: 38.78℃,
stress: 39.50℃, p < 0.0001). In conclusion, rumen bolus sensors can be applied even to steers to detect thephysiological changes rapidly in stressful environment.
Keywords: ruminants, rumen bolus sensor, stress, moving index, body temperature242

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-32

Correlations between ambient temperature and bodyweight of Hanwoo calves
JE Kim1, PN Seong1, HR Kim1, SD Lee2 and YK Lee1
1

Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animals Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju, Korea, 2Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea
sumzzzing@gmail.com

The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationships between the birth body weight (BBW) of Hanwoo andthe climate condition of South Korea. The BBW and body weight (BW) data of calves were provided by Korea
National College of Agriculture & Fisheries, and the climate data (dry bulb temperature and relative humidity)
were obtained from Korea Meteorological Administration: a total of 58,519 data (each temperature, humidity, andBW), 60 cities in South Korea, 2016‒2021. Among them, data were selected by months with the higher numberof calf birth, and BW records that were measured after 90 to 120 days of birth: resulting in 24,361 data from 4months (February, March, August, and September). The correlation analysis was conducted using CORR procedureof SAS. The BBW was presented weak correlation with ADG in total period (r = 0.224, p < 0.01). The BBW
and ADG were negatively correlated with temperature, humidity, and THI in total period (p < 0.05). The BBW
was shown a positive correlation with temperature, humidity, and THI in February and March (p < 0.05). The
correlations between ADG, temperature and THI were shown negative relationships in February and March, andpositive relationships in August and September (p < 0.05). There were no relationships between ADG and humidity
in February and March, and in August and September. The results indicate that ambient temperature during 90 to
120 days after birth might be a more important factor for ADG than BBW in Hanwoo calves.
Keywords: climate condition, birth weight, average daily gain, Hanwoo

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PP2-34

Effect of the microalgae Parachlorella sp. supplementation
on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane production
SH Sim1, HS Lee1, HS Seon1, CJ Park1, ZH Kim2, CS Lee2 and M Kim1
1

Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju 61186, Korea, 2Microbial Research Department, Nakdongang National Institute of Biological
Resources, Sangju 37242, Korea
Seung3458@naver.com

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the microalgae Parachlorella sp. on in vitro rumen
fermentation and methane production. Parachlorella sp. was provided by the Nakdonggang National Instituteof Biological Resources, Korea. Rumen fluid was collected from three Hanwoo cattle and was used for the invitro incubation. The TMR (containing 11.5% CP, 5.1% EE, 52.2% NDF and 27.0% ADF) was used as the basic
substrate. The following levels of Parachlorella sp. were supplemented to the basic substrate: 0% (control), 0.1%,
0.5% and 1% of the substrate. After 6 h, 12 h and 24 h incubation, pH, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD),
ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), methane production, total gas production and VFA were determined. The pH was
greater (p < 0.01) in all supplementation groups than in the control group at 12 h incubation while IVDMD was
greater (p < 0.01) in all supplementation groups than in the control group at 24 h incubation. The NH3-N was lower(p < 0.01) in all supplementation groups than in the control group at 12 h incubation. The methane production
was lower (p < 0.01) in all supplementation groups than in the control group at 24 h incubation. All three levelsof Parachlorella sp. supplementations had no effect on total gas production, acetate, propionate, and acetate topropionate ratio. This study indicates that the supplementation of the microalgae Parachlorella sp. can reduce
methane production without affecting rumen fermentation and may provide new opportunities for strategies toreduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Keywords: In vitro fermentation, methane production, microalgae, Parachlorella sp

244

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Animal Science Congress

PP2-36

Effects of forage-to-concentrate ratio on growth
performance, rumen parameters, and methane productionin Hanwoo growing heifers
S Jeong1, H Cho1, K Kang1, S Jeon1, M Lee1, H Kang1, J Seo2, J Oh3 and S Seo1
1

Chunganam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea,
3
Cargill Animal Nutrition Korea, Seongnam, Korea
chohyunjin0927@gmail.com

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the forage-to-concentrate (FC) ratio on feed intake, growth, rumen
fermentation, and enteric methane emissions in Hanwoo growing heifers. Thirty Hanwoo growing heifers (296 ± 25.3 kg ofbody weight [BW]; 10-month age) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to one of the three dietary treatments: a highFC ratio (42.5:57.5) with high energy concentrate (HFHEC), low FC (30:70) ratio with low energy concentrate (LFLEC), andlow FC ratio with high energy concentrate (LFHEC). The diet was provided ad libitum twice a day as a total mixed ration.
Individual feed intake was measured daily; BW was measured every four weeks. After 12 weeks, rumen fluid was collectedfrom all heifers four times for two consecutive days. The methane emissions were measured using the laser methane detector
technique. Intake, growth rate, and feed efficiency were not significantly different (p > 0.1); however, ruminal fermentationdiffered by treatment. Total VFA tended to be higher in LFHEC. Among VFAs, the proportion of acetate was the highest
in HFHEC, followed by LFLEC and LFHEC, that of propionate was higher in HFHEC, and that of butyrate was lower in
HFHEC (p < 0.05). Compared with LFHEC, the methane concentration in the exhaled gas from respiration and eructation was
48% and 47% higher in HFHEC, respectively (p < 0.01). In conclusion, the increased forage-origin fiber in the diet alteredrumen fermentation toward increasing methane emissions in Hanwoo growing heifers.

Keywords: Forage-to-concentrate ratio, heifer, laser methane detector, methane emission
Table 1. Effects of forage to concentrate ratio on methane emissions in Hanwoo growing heifers
Item

Treatment1

SEM2

p-value

16.4c

HFHEC

LFLEC

LFHEC

24.3a

19.7bcaabCH4, ppm
Respiration

1.09<0.001

Eructation
CH4, ppm / kg DMI

121.7

98.5

82.7b

7.88

0.004

Respiration

3.1a

2.7ab

2.1b

0.25

0.016

Eructation

a

ab

10.5b

1.45

0.038

15.8

13.8

1

HFHEC: a high forage-to-concentrate ratio (42.5:57.5) with a high energy concentrate mix, LFLEC: a low forage-to-concentrate ratio (30:70) with alow energy concentrate mix, and LFHEC: a low forage-to-concentrate ratio (30:70) with a high energy concentrate mix.
2
Standard error of the mean.
a-bMeans within the same row with different superscripts are significantly different (p < 0.05).

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PP2-38

Application of the hand-held laser methane detector formeasuring enteric methane emissions from cattle in an
intensive farming
K Kang1, H Cho1, S Jeong1, S Jeon1, M Lee1, S Lee2, Y Baek2, J Oh3 and S Seo1
1

Chunganam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea,
3
Cargill Animal Nutrition Korea, Seongnam, Korea
chohyunjin0927@gmail.com

This study aimed to establish a standard procedure for using a hand-held laser methane detector (LMD) to assess
the CH4 emissions of cattle. Experiment 1 was conducted with four individually housed Hanwoo steers. The LMD,
installed on a tripod, aimed at the animal's nostril and measured the CH4 concentration for 6 min every hour for
two consecutive days. The CH4 peaks were identified and separated into those from respiration and eructation byfitting combinations of distribution functions. The most appropriate time and frequency of the LMD measurement
to evaluate the daily CH4 concentration of cattle twice-fed daily were also determined. In experiment 2, thirty
Hanwoo growing steers were randomly allocated into one of the three treatments: high forage-to-concentrate (FC)ratio (35:65) with low energy concentrate (HFC-LEC), high FC (35:65) with high energy concentrate (HFC-HEC),
and low FC (25:75) with high energy concentrate (LFC-HEC). The CH4 concentrations of all steers were measured
and analyzed in duplicate according to the protocol established in experiment 1. The best-fit distribution foranalyzing peaks was a normal-normal distribution, and the most appropriate measurement times were four times
daily at two hours and one hour before and one hour and two hours after morning feeding. HFC-LEC showed 49%
and 57% higher CH4 concentrations than LFC-HEC in the exhaled gas from respiration and eructation, respectively(p < 0.01). In conclusion, using the protocol established in this study, the LMD technique can be applied toevaluate the difference in CH4 emissions in cattle.
Keywords: cattle, laser methane detector, methane emission, quantification

246

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-40Milk replacer containing black soldier fly (BSF) for different
knds of goat kid: meat and dairy type
DA Astuti1, D Yulistiani2, A Tarigan2, N Fikriyah1 and SNL Nabawi1
1

IPB University , Bogor, Indonesia, 2Animal Research Centre, Bogor, Indonesia
dewiaa@apps.ipb.ac.id

The utilization of black soldier fly (BSF) has already known as a high quality ingredient. Meanwhile there are
two types of goats, meat and dairy purpose, where they have different ways of using nutrients to make product.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of milk replacer containing meal and oil of black soldier flyon the performance of preweaning boerka (boer × kacang goat) and sapera (saanen × ettawa goat) crossbred kids.
This study was arranged by completely randomized block design with factorial, first factor is type of kids (boerka
as meat type and sapera as dairy type) and the second factor is type of diet (goat milk and BSF milk replacer with
27% iso protein). Twenty pre-weaning goat kids with average initial body weight were 3.0 ± 1.15 kg assigned in an
individual cage to evaluate of nutrients intake, performance and FCR during four weeks. Results showed that there
were interactions between treatments with significance difference of nutrient intakes and FCR. Sapera goat kids
have (p < 0.05) higher nutrient intakes but also higher FCR, so that the daily gain were same of both kinds of kid.
It is concluded that milk replacer containing BSF meal and oil could replace goat milk for boerka (meat type) andsapera (dairy type) kids with average daily gain around 107 g/d.
Keywords: boerka, black soldier fly, kids, milk replacer, sapera

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-42The impact of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris
supplementation on in vitro rumen fermentation andmethane production
HS Seon1, SH Sim2, HS Lee1, CJ Park1, ZH Kim2, CS Lee2 and M Kim1
1

Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju 61186, Korea, 2Microbial Research Department, Nakdongang National Institute of Biological
Resources, Sangju 37242, Korea
seonhs8760@naver.com

The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris as an additive on in vitro
rumen fermentation and methane production. Chlorella vulgaris was provided by Nakdonggang National Instituteof Biological Resources (Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea). Rumen fluid obtained from three Hanwoo
cattle was used for the in vitro incubation. The TMR (containing 11.5% CP, 5.1% EE, 52.2% NDF and 27.0%ADF) was used as the basic substrate. Three levels of C. vulgaris were supplemented to the basic substrate: 0.1%,
0.5% and 1.0% of the substrate. A control group contained the basic substrate without C. vulgaris supplementation.
After 6 h, 12 h and 24 h incubation, pH, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), methane production, total gas
production and VFA were determined. All three levels of C. vulgaris supplementations had no effect on pH andtotal gas production. At 24 h incubation, IVDMD was greater (p < 0.05) in the 1.0% supplementation group than in
the control group whereas methane production was lower (p < 0.05) in the 1.0% supplementation group than in thecontrol group. Propionate and butyrate were lower (p < 0.05) in the 1.0% supplementation group than in the control
group at 6h incubation. However, All three levels of C. vulgaris supplementations had no effect on VFA, andacetate and propionate ratio at 12 h and 24 h incubations. This study indicates that the microalgae C. vulgaris may
be used as a potential additive to reduce methane emissions from ruminants without affecting rumen fermentation.
Keywords: in vitro fermentation, methane production, microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris248

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-44

Effects of different levels of dietary nutrients on rumen andfecal microbiomes in Hanwoo calves
JY Song1, SJ Yun1, JK Park1, JH Lee1, HD Jang1, GM Chu1, H Seon2, CJ Park2, S Sim2, H Lee2and M Kim2
1

Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea, 2Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
jysong1976@gmail.com

Increasing the levels of energy and protein in diets has been proposed as an effective method for improving the
growth rate of calves. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of different levels of energy andprotein on the rumen and fecal microbiomes in Hanwoo calves using next-generation sequencing. Nine Hanwoo
calves were fed one of three diets: 1) 3 animals fed 71% TDN and 23% CP, 2) 3 animals fed 73% TDN and 24%
CP, and 3) 3 animals fed 77% TDN and 26% CP. Alpha diversity indices of both rumen and fecal microbiomes did
not differ among the three diet groups. Principal coordinate analysis revealed overall microbial differences among
the three diet groups in both rumen and feces (p < 0.05). Bacteroidota and Firmicutes were the first and the second
dominant phyla in the rumen, respectively whereas Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the first and the second
dominant phyla in the feces, respectively. At the genus level, LEfSe showed that Colidextribacter, Streptococcus,
Kandleria and Lachnobacterium differed among the three diet groups in the rumen (p < 0.05). On the other hand,in the feces, Anaerostipes, Paeniclostridium, Anaerosporobacter, Ruminococcus, Sutterella, Saccharofermentans,
Dielma, Olsenella, Phascolarctobacterium, Alistipes, Prevotella, Agathobacter, Romboutsia, Marvinbryantia andTuricibacter differed among the three diet groups (p < 0.05). This study indicates that the composition of rumen
and fecal microbiomes is different and both microbiome compositions are greatly affected by different levels ofnutrients in Hanwoo calves.
Keywords: feces, Hanwoo calves, microbiome, nutrients, rumen

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-46

In vitro evaluation of phlorotannin derivatives effects andits relationship with hydroxyl group on mitigation of rumen
methane emission
YR Kim1, KY Park1, SH Keum1, YH Jo1, GN Jalil1, WJ Yoon2, JS Lee1 and HG Lee1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Science Konkuk University,
Seoul 05029, Korea; 2Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Korea
mailto:yooraekim95@gmail.com

The present study evaluated the effects of phlorotannin derivatives [phlorofucofuroeckol-A (PFFA), dieckol (DE),and 8,8’-bieckol (BE)] on the rumen CH4 emission, and the relationship between the number of hydroxyl groupand the CH4 reduction rate of phlorotannin derivatives. Rumen fluids obtained from two cannulated Holstein cows
were incubated in in vitro batch culture system. The phlorotannin derivatives including PFFA, DE, and BE wereadded to the substrate at five different concentrations of 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6% on dry matter basis. The CH4
emission was decreased by PFFA (linear, p < .01; quadratic, p = 0.06), DE (linear, p < .01), and BE (linear, p < .01;
quadratic, p = 0.05). Total gas production was decreased by PFFA (linear, p < .01; quadratic, p < .01), DE (linear,p < .01), and BE (linear, p < .01; quadratic, p = 0.02). The model for total gas production and CH4 emission upon
PFFA (r2 = 0.69, p < .01 and r2 = 0.65, p < .01, respectively) and BE supplementation (r2 = 0.42, p = 0.04 and r2 =0.71, p < .01, respectively) showed quadratic correlation. The CH4 abatement rate was positively correlated with
the number of hydroxyl group of phlorotannin derivatives in both linear and quadratic model (r2 = 0.46, p < .01 andr2 = 0.47, p < .01, respectively). In conclusion, the three phlorotannin derivatives are the most likely candidates forrumen CH4 abatement, with the quantity of hydroxyl groups influencing their CH4 mitigating actions.
Keywords: methane emission, phlorotannin derivatives, hydroxyl group, ruminant

250

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-48

Research on the delicacy of the intramuscular fat of
Hanwoo steer and development of feeding technology
Sunsik Jang, Hyunjeong Lee and Gisuk Jang
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Korea
Delicate intramuscular fat is intramuscular fat evenly distributed in the form of small particles within the sirloin of
Hanwoo beef. In the intramuscular fat delicacy measurement technique promoted in this study, the 'F7' index withthe highest accuracy among 11 intramuscular fat estimation indices for estimating the intramuscular fat distribution
was selected. is a deviation To this end, the sirloin image of 193 Hanwoo steer was analyzed and a distribution
index evaluation model was developed. Characteristics such as marbling particles, geometrical features, andagglomeration were analyzed. The distribution index model was used to apply the distribution index model
to 14,616 Korean beef sirloin images. As a result, 99.5% was confirmed.In addition, as a result of research on
feeding management technology to improve intramuscular fat delicacy in the current high-quality meat breeding
system, 1-month-old weaned and 4-month-old castrated calves showed high intramuscular fat delicacy. Using 59
castrated Hanwoo steer calves, breeding tests were conducted up to 30 months of age with 6 treatments including
intramuscular fat breeding value (H, L), weaning period (1, 3 months old), and castration (4, 7 months old). As aresult, as the weaning period was delayed, the end weight, carcass weight and carcass rate tended to be higher, but
the intramuscular fat delicacy was higher in 1-month-old weaned balls. Fat delicacy was analyzed to be high in
4-month-old castration.
Keywords: delicacy of the intramuscular fat, Hanwoo, quality beef				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP2-50Effects of feeding level and methods of milk replacer on
growth performance of Hanwoo calves
WY Jeong1, SR Lee1, YJ Na1,2 and YJ Choi1
1

Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2Antller Inc., Seoul, Korea
cyj2114@konkuk.ac.kr

This study was conducted to determine the optimal level of milk replacer feeding and milk replacer concentrationon the growth performance in Hanwoo calves. A total of 90 Hanwoo calves (30.8 ± 3.6 kg initial BW; Male, 32.5
± 3.0 kg initial BW; Female, 29.2 ± 3.5 kg initial BW) were used for the experiment. Animals have allocated a
total of 9 treatment groups in a 3 × 3 treatment arrangement with milk replacer feeding levels (10, 20, and 30% ofbody weight) and concentrations (15, 20, and 25% of dry matter). As the milk replacer feeding and concentration
increased per Hanwoo calf body weight, the intake of milk replacer was increased (p < 0.05), water intake
increased as the concentration of the milk replacer concentration (p < 0.05), and starter feed intake significantly
decreased as increasing the milk replacer feeding (p <0.05). Body weight gain and average daily gain of thetreatments of 20% and 30% milk replacer feeding per body weight were significantly greater than the 10% feeding
treatment (p < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio was presented to be lower in the treatments of 10% milk replacer
feeding per Hanwoo calf body weight than 20% and 30% milk feeding treatment (p < 0.05). This study provided
the background of the proper milk replacer feeding level and feeding concentration in Hanwoo calves.
Keywords: milk replacer, artificial feeding method, growth performance, Hanwoo calves
Table 1. Effects of milk replacer amount fed and concentration on growth performance and body condition of Hanwoo calves for 30 days
Milk replacer volume × Milk replacer concentration1
102030
p-value2
Items
DAY
15
20
25
15
20
25
15
20
25
SEM
V
C
D
Intakes
MRI, kg DM
10
0.40
0.59
0.69
0.64
0.84
0.78
0.67
0.77
0.78
0.04
<0.001<0.001<0.001
20
0.45
0.65
0.76
0.90
1.14
1.21
1.07
1.23
1.21
0.05
30
0.48
0.71
0.86
1.07
1.30
1.41
1.21
1.48
1.49
0.06
SI, g DM
10
4.94
9.60
4.45
5.80
2.11
2.35
2.31
2.37
2.00
1.57
0.001
0.881
<0.001
20
29.6
52.1
47.6
36.7
9.5
13.4
8.8
7.30
7.40
5.55
30
56.6
106.2
69.8
48.0
10.7
12.9
12.7
9.50
14.4
8.22
WI, kg
10
0.15
0.19
0.25
0.14
0.14
0.26
0.10
0.18
0.22
0.04
0.681
<0.001<0.001
20
0.19
0.35
0.39
0.26
0.21
0.43
0.18
0.31
0.34
0.07
30
0.29
0.45
0.67
0.39
0.44
0.49
0.39
0.40
0.57
0.10
Growth performance
BW, kg
0
30.6
31.5
30.9
31.1
31.7
30.4
30.9
30.6
30.8
1.19
0.885
0.989
10
29.5
33.2
31.0
34.6
34.2
33.2
34.2
33.8
32.6
1.21
<0.001
0.194<0.001
20
31.8
35.9
35.2
40.0
40.4
39.4
40.5
40.9
37.8
1.54
30
33.8
40.0
40.3
46.4
48.4
47.4
48.5
48.0
45.6
2.01
BWG, kg
10
-1.10
1.70
0.11
3.45
2.43
2.86
3.36
3.19
1.81
1.40
<0.001
0.393<0.001
20
2.35
2.67
4.20
5.41
6.20
6.16
6.33
7.10
5.16
1.40
30
1.93
4.12
5.07
6.39
7.99
8.01
7.95
7.16
7.89
1.40
ADG, kg/d
10
-0.11
0.17
0.01
0.35
0.24
0.29
0.34
0.32
0.18
0.14
<0.001
0.393<0.001
20
0.24
0.27
0.42
0.54
0.62
0.62
0.63
0.71
0.52
0.14
30
0.19
0.41
0.51
0.64
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.72
0.79
0.14
FCR4
10
-7.34
-3.63
-15.88
2.71
3.53
2.68
3.80
2.93
2.18
0.12
<0.001
0.022
0.022
20
2.53
2.12
1.86
2.04
2.04
-0.30
1.83
2.07
6.48
0.08
30
5.68
2.31
1.88
2.36
1.88
1.26
1.75
2.60
2.22
0.08
MR, milk replacer; MRI, milk replacer intake; SI, starter feed intake; WI, water intake; BW, body weight; BWG, body weight gain; ADG, average daily gain; FCR, feed conversion ratio; SEM, standard
error of the mean.
Milk replacer volume means the percentage of feeding amount per body weight (1st line) and milk replacer concentration means dry matter content of milk replacer (2nd line).
2
V, effect of feed milk replacer volume; C, effect of milk replacer concentration; D, time effect.
3
There was no significant difference in gender effect and the interaction between volume and concentration.
4
There was a significant difference in the interaction between volume and concentration (p=0.002).

252

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-52Development of a model for predicting daily Intake of partial
mixed ration in lactating dairy cows using sensor data andsupport vector regression algorithm
Mingyung Lee1, Seong-Min Park2, Kwang-Seok Ki2 and Seongwon Seo2
1

Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea
mingyung1203@cnu.ac.kr

The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a model to predict partial mixed ration (PMR) intake of lactating
Holstein cows using a Support Vector Regression (SVR) algorithm. The predictors of the models were: milk yield (MY) or
fat-corrected milk, fat content, concentrate intake (CONC), body weight (BW) or metabolic BW (MBW), rumination time(RUM), and days in milk (DIM). Individual daily data of 37 lactations from 33 cows reared in a research farm equipped withthe automatic milking and intake recording systems were collected from February 2020 to March 2021. The SVR and multiple
linear regression (MLR) were applied to construct model equations. Through preliminary analyses, the model composedof MY, CONC, MBW, RUM, and DIM was selected among various combinations based on the predictive performance.
Four datasets (daily observations, 3-day, 5-day, and 7-day moving average [MA]) were prepared, and the model training
and evaluation were conducted independently by a 10-fold cross-validation. The model adequacy was evaluated using thecoefficient of determination (R2), root-mean-square prediction error (RMSPE, kg/d), and residual analyses. The SVR model
had better predictive power than the MLR model, regardless of datasets (Table 1). In addition, the SVR models developed on
the MA datasets showed significantly improved predictive performance in that R2 increased from 0.36 (daily) to 0.92 (7MA)
and RMSPE reduced from 7.10 kg/d (daily) to 1.91 kg/day (7MA). It was concluded that the prediction model developed
using the SVR algorithm could predict the PMR intake of lactating dairy cows precisely and accurately.

Keywords: partial mixed ration intake, lactating dairy cow, support vectorregression, modeling
Table 1. The predictive precision and accuracy, and the prediction bias of Multiple Linear Regression model and Support Vector Regression model according todatasets
Linear regression
Bias (% RMSPE)
Dataset1)
RMSPE
CCC
Mean
Slope
RandomR2
Multiple Linear Regression
Daily
0.26 (0.047)
7.72 (0.675)
0.41 (0.038)
0.45 (0.385)
0.63 (0.807)
98.92 (0.927)
3MA
0.37 (0.073)
5.87 (0.382)
0.54 (0.053)
0.49 (0.557)
0.70 (0.705)
98.80 (0.822)
5MA
0.41 (0.095)
5.39 (0.370)
0.58 (0.061)
0.74 (0.989)
1.80 (1.570)
97.47 (2.052)
7MA
0.43 (0.730)
5.12 (0.352)
0.59 (0.057)
0.68 (0.924)
0.80 (1.064)
98.52 (1.267)
2)
Support Vector Regression
Daily
0.36 (0.048)
7.17 (0.763)
0.55 (0.049)
0.64 (0.771)
0.88 (1.034)
98.48 (1.643)
3MA
0.71 (0.043)
4.00 (0.256)
0.83 (0.026)
0.45 (0.769)
0.56 (0.532)
98.99 (0.894)
5MA
0.86 (0.032)
2.65 (0.304)
0.92 (0.019)
1.06 (1.723)
0.75 (0.823)
98.19 (1.660)
7MA
0.92 (0.016)
1.91 (0.190)
0.96 (0.009)
0.40 (0.362)
0.43 (0.648)
99.17 (0.580)
RMSPE, root mean square prediction error; CCC, concordance correlation coefficient.
1)
Daily observation dataset (n = 2,231); 3MA: 3-day moving average (n = 2,092), 5MA: 5-day moving average (n = 1,947), 7MA: 7-day moving average (n =1,811)
2)
Parameters for support vector machine: gamma = 1 and cost = 1 (Original dataset); gamma = 1 and cost = 5 (3-day moving average); gamma = 1 and cost = 15
(5-day moving average and 7-day moving average).

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PP2-54

Effects of newly developed rumen buffers on in vitro
fermentation characteristics
DK Yoo1, JK Park2, JY Song2, GM Chu3, SJ Yun2, JH Lee2 and JK Seo1
1

Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea, 2Nonghyup Feed Co, Ltd, Seoul, Korea, 3Busan-Bio,
Nonghyup Feed Co, Ltd, Pusan, Korea
fbrjsgud@pusan.ac.kr

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of buffer mixtures and commercial buffer additives on in vitro
fermentation characteristics. Four ingredients (NaHCO3, bentonite, MgO, and yeast cultures) were used to make4 different experimental buffers. Plus, 1 commercial buffer (NH Busanbio Co. Ltd.) was used as a positive control
and barley is a sole nutrient for in vitro study. The treatments are: negative control (barley), positive control (barley+ commercial buffer), and treatment 1 to 4 (barley + different experimental buffers, Trt 1 to 4). The amount of
all additive was 1% (experiment 1) and 2% (experiment 2) based on dry matter (DM). Dry matter degradability(DMD), neutral detergent fiber degradability (NDFD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), volatile fatty acids (VFA), pH,
and gas production were evaluated in in vitro fermentation. Experiment 1 showed no difference among treatmentgroups in gas production, DMD, and NDFD. In addition, there were no significant differences in VFA production,
VFA proportions, and pH among the treatment groups. In experiment 2, no significant change among treatmentgroups, was observed in gas production, DMD, NH3-N, pH, VFA production, and VFA proportions. Considering
the above results, the buffers developed in this study did not improve rumen fermentation characteristics (nutrientdegradability, VFA production, pH maintanence).
Keywords: artificial buffer, in vitro

254

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-56

Genome analysis of the anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix
frontalis JS31 isolated from the rumen of Hanwoo, Koreannative cattle
HJ Park1, HS Chun1, JY Jeong2, MK Sang2, YS Lee2, GS Bae3, CH Kim3 and JS Chang1
1

Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea, 2Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea,
3
Hankyung National University, Anseong, Korea
jschang@knou.ac.kr

The anaeorobic fungi can degrade plant cell wall compounds through their physical and biochemical reactions.
Currently, 18 different genera have been described and 12 whole genome sequences (WGS) from 6 genera
were reported. The purpose of this research was to analyze the WGS of the firstly identified anaerobic fungus
Neocallimastix frontalis. The anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix frontalis JS31 was isolated from the rumen of
Hanwoo and identified both with morphological and molecular methods. The genomic DNAs were sequenced
using both PacBio Sequel II system and Illumina platform. For de novo assembly, HGAP44 was used for PacBio
Sequel II data and Pilon was used for Illumina data. For genome annotation, protein BLAST+ was perfoermedwith UniProt Swiss-Prot (201806) dat base. The annotated proteins were classified according to Eukaryotic
Orthologous Groups (KOG). The total number of reads were 26,191,474,650 bases with 173,608,938 reads after
filtration of raw data. The GC content was 24.31%. Total 2,322 contigs with 213,207,904 bases were assembled
the estimated length of genome after K-mer analysis was 147,794,579 bases. The average mapping depth was
115.45 with 97.85% of coverage after mapping the Illumina reads. The number of predicted proteins were 55,865
with 14,893,027 amino acids. Annotated proteins were classified as information storage and processing (10.4 %),cellular processes and signaling (23.5%), metabolism (15.3%), poorly characterized (25.8%) and multiple function(25.1%) according to KOG data base. This results could be the first report of WGS of Neocallimastix frontalis.
Keywords: anaerobic fungi, Neocallimastix frontalis, whole genome analysis

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-58

Effect of either fibrolytic enzyme or proteasesupplementation to tall fescue forage and concentratepellet on in sacco ruminal fermentation and in vitro nutrientdegradation
JH Lee1, SJ Yun1, JG Park1, JY Song1, HD Jang1, GM Chu1, SI Park2 and SJ Ohh2
1

Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea, 2Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
do4797@naver.com

Either Trichoderma fibrolytic enzyme (TFE) or Aspergillus protease (APE) were supplemented to tall fescue forage(TF) or concentrate pellet (CP). Both in sacco rumen and in vitro nutrient degradation rates were measured using
three Holstein cows (Average weight 720 ± 37 kg). In sacco DM degradation of TFE supplemented TF was higher(p < 0.05) than TF without TFE supplementation. APE supplementation also improved (p < 0.05) the in sacco DM
degradation of TF, but only after 9 hours of rumen fermentation. Both TFE and APE supplementation improved (p< 0.05) in sacco ADF, NDF and crude protein degradations. APE supplementation to CP resulted higher (p < 0.05)
in sacco crude protein degradation regardless of fermentation time. Other nutrients degradation was also improved
although the onset times varied by nutrients. TFE supplementation to CP improved (p < 0.05) the in saccodegradation of all nutrients. In vitro degradation rate of ADF was improved(p < 0.05) by supplementing either TFE
or APE to TF and CP. But crude protein degradation was improved only by APE whereas NDF degradation only by
TFE. Supplementation of APE or TFE to TF and CP resulted higher (p < 0.05) concentrations of total VFA, acetate,
propionate and butyrate than those of no supplementation group. But onset time of each increase was varied by thetype of VFAs. Either APE or TFE supplementation resulted no pH difference. In vitro ammonia-N concentrationsin APE and TFE supplemented group were higher (p < 0.05) than those in no supplemented control group. In
conclusion, this study showed that both TFE and APE could be used as feed supplement for improving the rumen
degradation efficiency of feed nutrients.
Keywords: fibrolytic enzyme, protease, nutrient degradability, fermentation characteristics

256

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-60The effect of growth performance and carcass
characteristics of Hanwoo steer based on growth genetic
estimated breeding value(GEBV)DH Kang1, BH Park1, SH Lee2 and KY Chung1
1

Korea National University of Agriculutre and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea, 2Chungnam National
University, Daejeon, Korea
dhkang1208@gmail.com

This study was investigated to the effect of growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steer
based on genetic estimated breeding value (GEBV). GEBV was estimated using the data of illumina 50k chip andcarcass weight of 16,000 Hanwoo steer as a reference population. Ninety-six Hanwoo steers (initial body weight:
181.7 ± 4.9 kg, 7 months of age) were randomly distributed into 48 high breeding value group (HBV) and 48 low
breeding value group (LBV). Individual steers were assigned into a pen (n = 4 steers/pen). Performance analysis
for the fattening period (a total of 23 months) was conducted at intervals of 2 months. 30 months aged cattle weretransported to a commercial abattoir and the carcass characteristics were analyzed by the standard protocol in
Korea. HBV was greater final body weight than LBV (p = 0.042). HBV was higher than LBV in average daily gainp = 0.050), and HBV tended to be low in feed conversion ratio (p = 0.066). HBV was higher in carcass weight (p= 0.005). The breeding value did not alter back-fat thickness, ribeye area, and marbling score during the fattening
period (p > 0.05). Moreover, it was not changed by the breeding value in physicochemical analysis either (p >0.05). As a result of this study was increased the average daily gain, and final body weight by the genetic estimatedbreeding value, and the marbling score did not change. This study indicated that growth-related GEBV could
predict a high-performance group at the beginning of Hanwoo fattening periods.
Keywords: average daily gain, carcass weight, Hanwoo, precision mangement

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l257

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-62

Effect of dietary vitamin A supplementation on blood
metabolites during early pregnancy in Hanwoo cow
XC Jin1, DQ Peng2, WY Jeong1, J Ghassemi Nejad1, JS Lee1 and HG Lee1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Science Konkuk University,
Seoul 05029, Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333
Xi’an Road Changchun City, Jilin Province, P.R. China
kimhs@LIVE.com

This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin A supplementation on blood metabolites during earlypregnancy in Hanwoo cow. Twenty pregnant beef cattle were randomly allocated at 3 month of gestation (92 ±10 d) to one treatment of a diet that contained different vitamin A concentration: control (7,800 IU/kg of as-fed)
or treatment (22,800 IU/kg of as-fed). The blood for analysis was collected from each pregnant cattle at 3 and6 months of gestation and delivery period. Parameters during the experimental period included serum vitamin
A concentration, metabolic profile test (MPT), and complete blood count (CBC). As a result, we observed asignificantly increased (p < 0.05) concentration of serum vitamin A at 6 months of gestation in the treatmentgroup. Serum albumin concentration was increased (p < 0.01) in the treatment group compared with the control.
In addition, the percentage of granulocytes in blood was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control group.
No significant differences (p > 0.05) in other blood parameters were found related to health status. In conclusion,
our findings suggested that dietary vitamin A supplementation during early pregnancy increases serum vitamin A
concentration and might alter blood parameters in Hanwoo cow.
Keywords: vitamin A, blood metabolites, pregnant cattle258

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-64

Effect of silicate on methane mitigation and rumen
fermentation in Boer goats
G Kim1, TD Marbun1, JY Song2, Y Lee3 and EJ Kim1
1

Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Livestock Research Institute, Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul, Korea, 3Animal Nutritional andPhysiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Korea
ejkim2011@knu.ac.kr

Methane emission from enteric fermentation of ruminants contributes significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG)
in the agricultural sector. Thus, reducing methane during ruminal fermentation is critical to minimizing GHG
emissions. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of silicate as a methane mitigator in goats. Eightcross-bred Boer goats (39.7 ± 2.81 kg) were used in this study. Animals were allocated to one of two experimental
diets, either a basal total mixed ration (TMR) for goats (control; CON) or a TMR with 1% silicate (TRT), which
was purchased in a local feed market in a cross-over experimental design. After ten days of feed adaptation, eachgoat was housed in a simplified respiration chamber to measure methane emission, dry matter intake (DMI),
total-tract apparent digestibility, and microbial population. Rumen samples were collected via a stomach tube forfermentation analysis. As a result, CH4 (g/day) was not different between experimental diets (CON 21.0 vs. TRT
21.6 g/day). Furthermore, the values were not different when calculated with DMI. For example, CH4 per DMI
was 27.9 and 30.2 g/kg DMI for CON and TRT, respectively. Although silicate did not show any effect on methane
emission, the analyses of rumen parameters, including microbial population, are in progress. In conclusion, silicate
supplementation at a 1% level in the diet of goats may not be effective in mitigating methane emissions.
Keywords: silicate, methane mitigation, microbial population, goat				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l259

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-66

A typological characterization on the structure of Koreannative beef cattle based on farm survey data
TH Kim1, R Ibidhi2,3, JS Byun1, WH Hong1, R Bharanidharan4 and KH Kim1,3
1

Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural
Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ.
Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France, 3Department of Ecofriendly
Livestock Science, Institutes of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University,
Pyeongchang, Korea, 4Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
whyhoon1@snu.ac.kr

A typological analysis was conducted to provide insight on the structural characteristics of Hanwoo farms in South
Korea based on a survey of 114 farms. The survey included information on the production purpose, size of farms,
land use, cropping practices, number of cattles, feeding practices, manure management, and fuel and electricity
usage. An initial descriptive analysis led to the elimination of variables with a coefficient of variation less than
60%. Principal component analysis using the nonlinear iterative partial least square algorithm and cluster analysis
were performed to elucidate the relationships among the variables and categorize farm types. These variable
yielded twelve principal components that explain more than 61.9% of the sample variability. Three major groups offarms have been distinguished from the cluster analysis: The first group (n = 47) was defined as a mixed-crop beeffarming system with a relatively small cropping land and based on a separate feeding system with an excessive
field manure input. The second group (n = 36) is a relatively large mixed crop-beef farming with a total mixed
ration (TMR) feeding system and high exportation of manure. The third group (n = 31) is based on both TMR
and separate feeding systems integrated with croplands with a partial exportation of manure. The output of thistypological analysis provides understanding of the characteristics of the current Korean Hanwoo industry and farmoperation methods which could be conducive to establishing relevant policies and efficient management practices.
Keywords: typology, Hanwoo farms, principal component analysis, cluster

260

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-68Screening feed additives in alleviating methane from therumen using in vitro rumen simulation
TD Marbun1, G Kim1, JY Song2 and EJ Kim1
1

Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Livestock Research Institute, Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul, Korea
ejkim2011@knu.ac.kr

This study was conducted to screen several feed additives that are commercially available or expected to reduce
methane from ruminants using in vitro gas production technique. Five studies with various feed additives wereconducted to screen the potential to reduce methane. The additives used were ammonium sulfate (0.2% or 2%),
rare earth element (0.5% or 20%), biochar (1% or 10%), macroalgae (Sargassum horneri: 1% or 10%), two typesof sea minerals (0.8% or 2%), garlic powder (2% or 8%), persimmon extract (0.2% or 3%), silicate (0.3% or 1%),
two types of mannanase (0.1% or 1%), and detoxified sulfur (0.2% or 0.3%). The basal diet consisted of a mixtureof timothy hay (0.25 g) and commercial concentrate (0.25 g), and monensin was used as a positive control. Serumbottles containing mixed rumen fluid and a buffer with experimental diets were incubated for 24 h at 39℃, andthe gas sampling was performed regularly. After a series of in vitro studies, macroalgae, sea minerals, and silicate
appeared to show potential to reduce methane, and therefore, further in vitro study was conducted to confirm theeffect of methane mitigation from the selected feed additives. As a result, supplementing macroalgae at 1%, 10%,and silicate at 1% reduced methane production compared with the control at 6 h. Especially, methane concentration
was lower at 12 h in macroalgae 10% treatment than in control. Therefore, it may be concluded that macroalgae
and silicate effectively reduce methane during ruminal fermentation in the present experiment.
Keywords: methane, feed additives, in vitro rumen simulation

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

261

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-70Effect of rumen undegradable protein ratio and feed intake
level on productivity in Hanwoo steers for shortening
feeding period
WH Hong1, R Bharanidharan2, TH Kim1, GH Bang3, X Panyavong3, JS Byun1, JP Oh4
and KH Kim1,3
1

Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National university, Pyeongchang,
Korea, 2College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,
3
Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea,
4
Cargill Animal Nutrition Korea, Seongnam, Korea
hwh1195@snu.ac.kr

Shortening feeding period of Hanwoo steers would enable meat producers to save the production cost and reduce
the emission of environmental pollutants. Two studies were performed to investigate the effect of different
undegradable protein (RUP) ratios and feed intake levels on the growth performances and quality grade ofcarcasses slaughtered at 26 months of age. Total 32 Hanwoo steers (average 8 months of age) were blocked bybody weight (BW) and randomly allocated two treatments (4 pens/each treatment) in both experiments. Treatments
were 37% RUP (SBM) and 47% RUP (FSBM) of CP in Exp. 1, and low (L-FSBM) and high (H-FSBM) intakeswith same RUP in Exp. 2. Compared to SBM, FSMB significantly increased (p < 0.01) average daily gain and feed
conversion ratio and tended to increase rib-eye area in Exp.1. However, there were no differences in quality traits,
fatty acid compositions and gene expression involved in lipid metabolism of biopsy samples (17 months of age)and carcass between SBM and FSBM. In Exp.2, yield and quality traits in carcass samples and gene expressions inbiopsy tissues tended to be higher (p < 0.1) for H-FSBM compared to L-FSBM. In both Experiments, final BW at
26 months of age for both FSBM diets were similar to the national average of BW in Hanwoo steers at 30 monthsof age. In conclusion, proper RUP ratio in diet and maximizing feed intake may increase daily gain in Hanwoo
steers, which could shorten the feeding period by attaining the target BW earlier.
Keywords: feed intake, rumen undegradable protein, shortening feeding period262

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-72

Effects of dietary supplementation with organic acid on
the performance of weaning Nubian goats under different
environmental temperatures
A Ridhowi1, JW Lee1 and LC Hsia1,2
1

Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung Universityof Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, 2Yu Chou Friendly Agriculture Research Institute,
Pingtung, Taiwan
lchsia@mail.npust.edu.tw

The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects of adding acetic or propionic acid in the diet on thegrowth performance of weaning lambs under different environmental temperatures. In this experiment, a total of 30
weaned ewes were randomly allocated to 3 (control group, 1.5% acetic acid, 1.5% propionic acid) × 2 (appropriate
temperature and high temperature) treatments, 5 sheep per treatment. Each pen was equipped with a feed troughand water bowl. Feed and water were ad libitum. The experiment was conducted for 24 weeks. The temperature in
the high temperature group was 30℃, and the ambient temperature in the moderate temperature group was reduced
to 24℃ by two degrees per week. The results of the experiment showed that the diet supplemented with acetic acidtended to increase feed intake and weight gain in 19‒24 weeks (p > 0.01). When sheep were raised at high ambient
temperature, their feed intake and weight gain tended to decrease. For the whole period, sheep with high ambient
temperature only tended to have better feed efficiency. For the interaction, it was found that the group with organicacid throughout the period had a trend of positive effect on weight gain.
Keywords: organic acid, environmental temperature, growth performance, nubian				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

263

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-74

Effects of mineral block intake on Korea cattle
Won Ho Kim,Hyung Ho Bae, Seung-In Lee, Jeong Seop Shin, Jae-Seok Woo and Hee-Chung Ji
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
The main problems of cattle are poor quality and quantity of feeds. Those problems impact mineral deficiency
and cause growth retardation, weight loss, decrease appetite, weakness, and reproductive problems. Mineral block(MB) contains protein, energy, and minerals to increase productivity and prevent mineral deficiency. Therefore, theobjective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Mineral block made salt of less then 3% of Italian ryegrass (IRG)
dry power and mixed refined salt and sea salt for improvement of coagulation power. Amount of intake of Hanwooof national development technology mineral block was 56.1 g and rate of emergence 1+ of neuter Hanwoo was
100% and over 8% of auction price and expected to contribute raise farm income. Content of ammonium nitrogenof Mineral block (MB) was 88.08 mg/L but content of ammonium nitrogen in general treatment was 154.74 mg/L.
Keywords: mineral block, Korea. cattle, intake

264

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-76

Untargeted metabolic profiling of rumen fluid and urine inlactating dairy cows affected by heat stress
JS Eom1, SJ Lee1,2, HS Kim1, Y Choi3, SU Jo3, MH Kim4, SS Lee5, SH Kim5, DH Kim6 and SS Lee1,2,3
1

Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea,
University Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 3Division of Applied Life
Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 4Department of Animal Science,
College of National Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea,
5
Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology,
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 6Dairy Science Division, National Institute ofAnimal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea

2

skyandstar07@naver.com

Heat stress (HS) metabolomic studies on lactating dairy cows has been conducted worldwide; however, there
have been very few HS studies in Korea. Therefore, the aim of the study was to conducted untarget metabolic
profiling of rumen fluid and urine in lactating Holstein cows by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR) spectroscopy to compare the optimum temperature period (OTP) and high temperature period (HTP)
conditions. Five to six lactating Holestin cows were used in this study. Rumen fluid and urine samples werecollected under different temperature humidity index (OTP: 65.45 ± 3.59 and HTP: 86.81 ± 2.32). The metabolites
were determined by 1H-NMR spectroscopy, identified and quanitifed using Chenomx NMR Suite 8.4 software,and the obtained data were statistically analyzed by Metaboanalyst 5.0. The differentially expressed metabolites
in the rumen fluid and urine samples were investigated, based on their relative intensities during the OTP and
HTP conditions. In the rumen fluid, thymine, uracil, and acetate were significantly (p < 0.05) higher OTP than in
the HTP. In contrast, trimethylamine, butyrate, and ethanol were significantly (p < 0.05) higher HTP than in the
OTP. In the urine, thymine, imidazole, and creatinine were significantly (p < 0.05) higher OTP than in the HTP.
In contrast, glycine and allantoin were significantly (p < 0.05) higher HTP than in the OTP. Some metabolites
are associated with metabolic diseases and purine derivatives of rumen fluid and urine. This result will serve as a
future reference guide for HS metabolomic studies in Korea.
Keywords: heat stress, lactating Holsetin cows, metabolomics, rumen fluid, urine				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

265

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-2

Meat quality traits of Muscovy ducks reared under two
different management systems
P Manjula1, KMNTK Bandara2, MD Umagiliya1, JVNC Chathuranga4 SP Macelline3 and DD Jayasena1
1

Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka,
Department of Technical Education, National Institute of Education, Maharagama, Sri Lanka,
3
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006 NSW,
Australia, 4Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
2nuonechathuranga@gmail.com
Duck considered one of the main poultry species, particularly in East Asia, that provides an excellent meat source after the chicken.
The growth and meat quality of ducks can be affected by their living conditions and feeding management. This study was designed tocompare the meat quality traits in Muscovy ducks raised under extensive and semi-intensive farming systems. Nine female birds fromeach management system were randomly selected and slaughtered at 18 weeks of age. Meat samples were obtained from both breast andleg meats and analyzed for physicochemical (color, pH, water holding capacity, cooking loss, proximate analysis) and sensory properties.
Results revealed that the ducks reared under semi-intensive system had a significantly higher live weight than extensively reared ducks.
In contrast, ducks from extensive system showed significantly higher relative leg and giblet weights. A higher crude fat content and water
holding capacity, and a lower pH in meat were reported in ducks from semi-intensive system compared to those from extensive system (p< 0.05). The protein content of meat was significantly different between farming systems. Leg meat from semi-intensively reared ducks
showed a higher redness and higher relative fat content than extensive system (p < 0.05). However, farming system had no significant effecton meat lightness. Results of sensory analysis revealed that meat from extensive management system had higher scores for taste, odor,
flavor, juiciness, tenderness, and overall acceptability, irrespective of specific meat-cuts (p < 0.05). In conclusion, physiochemical traits in
leg and breast meats of Muscovy ducks were influenced by the management system.
Keywords: muscovy ducks, farming system, meat quality traits, sensory analysis
Table 1. Interaction and main effects of farming system and specific meat cuts on physicochemical parameters in meat in Muscovy ducks (Two-way ANOVA analyses)
Farming system
Extensive
Semi-intensive

Meat-cutBreastLeg
BreastLeg

CIE L*
47.2
50.6
44.2
48.9
1.32

CIE a*
13.3
11.1
15.1
13.7
0.69

CIE b*
11.5
10.7
9.6
8.2
0.95

Meat Quality
pH
6.14
6.57
6.07
6.39
0.039

WHC
72.6
72.3
83.5
79.1
2.89

Cooking loss
40.7
40.2
36.1
39.7
1.33

SEM
Main effects
Farming system
Extensive
48.9
12.2a
11.1b
6.35b
72.5a
40.4
Semi-intensive
46.6
14.4b
8.8a
6.23a
81.3b
37.9
Meat-cutabaBreast
45.7
14.2
10.5
6.10
78.1
38.4
Leg
49.8b
12.4a
9.4
6.48b
75.7
40.0
Significance (p-value)
Farming system (F)0.089 0.005
0.031
0.005
0.006
0.076
Meat-cut (M)0.006 0.018
0.257<0.001
0.423
0.258
F × M interaction
0.584 0.547
0.743
0.165
0.493
0.134
SEM: Standard error of mean.
CIE
L*: lightness, CIE a*: redness, CIE b*: yellowness.
a-c
Mean values within columns not sharing a common superscript are significantly different at p < 0.05.

266

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Moisture (%)
77.1
78.5
75.1
77.7
0.88

Proximate composition
Protein (%)
Fat (%)Ash (%)
18.2
3.71a
1.00
a
16.8
3.82
0.89
c
14.8
8.76
1.36
13.9
7.36b
1.02
1.07
0.307
0.138

77.8
76.3

17.5b
14.4a

3.76a
8.06b

0.94
1.19

76.1a
78.1b

16.5
15.4

6.24b
5.59a

1.18
0.95

0.126
0.035
0.517

0.008
0.305
0.789

<0.001
0.048
0.023

0.086
0.115
0.426

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-4

The protein digestibility of beef in an infant in vitro
digestion model: The effect of pre-freezing temperatures
and aging periods
S Lee1, K Jo1, HG Jeong1, H Kyoung1, HI Yong1, YS Choi2 and S Jung1
1

Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Korea Food Research Institue, Wanju, Korea
Seonmin9699@gmail.com

Beef is an excellent protein source of complementary food with balanced amino acid composition and greatbioavailability. However, infants exhibit hindered protein digestion due to their immature digestive conditions.
Thus, herein, beef protein digestibility at different pre-freezing temperatures (freezing at −20℃ (F20), −50℃ (F50),
and −70℃ (F70)) and aging periods (4, 14, and 28 days) was monitored in an infant in vitro digestion model. The
cathepsin B activity and the content of 10% trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble α-amino groups were observed inbeef. Tryptophan fluorescence intensity and circular dichroism spectroscopy were used to investivate the tertiary
and secondary structures of myofibrillar proteins, respectively. The beef was digested in an in vitro digestion
model simulating the digestive conditions of infants at 6 months postpartum. The contents of α-amino groups andproteins digested under 3 kDa were measured in the digesta to evaluate protein digestibility. The higher cathepsin
B activity in the frozen-then-aged groups than in the aged-only groups (p < 0.05) resulted in the higher 10%
TCA-soluble α-amino groups on days 14 and 28 (p < 0.05). The secondary and tertiary structures of myofibrillar
proteins showed that F50 had irreversible denaturation on myosin (p < 0.05), while F20 and F70 underwent protein
renaturation during 28 days of aging (p < 0.05). F50 had the highest contents of α-amino groups and proteins under
3 kDa on day 28 (p < 0.05), with the disappearance of actin band in the electrophoretogram of digesta. Therefore,pre-freezing at −50℃ then aging can enhance in vitro protein digestibility of beef through the structural changes inmyofibrillar proteins.
Keywords: freezing, beef, complementary food, infant digestion				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l267

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-6

Evaluation of meat quality traits of ten primal cuts from two
breeds of Korean black female goats
SH Jung1, JA Lee1,2, KW Kim1, J Lee3, HV Ba1, Y Ha1, Y Ban1, H Han1, S Cho1, KH Seol1,
HW Kim1, CL Kim1, BH Choi1 and SM Kang1
1

National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea,
3
Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea
tnr12gks12@naver.com

This study evaluated the meat quality traits of ten primal cuts from two breeds of Korean black female goats. The
samples of sirloins, striploins, chucks, tenderloins, top rounds, bottom rounds, briskets, blades, shanks, and ribs
were collected from seven heads of native black goats (NBG, 92 mon-old, 41.1 kg) and five heads of crossbred
black goats (CBG, 14 mon-old, 43.8 kg), and then utilized for the quality measurements. The primal cuts from
CBG contained lower (p < 0.05) intramuscular fat and calorie content and higher (p < 0.05) protein content
compared to those from NBG. Drip loss and cooking loss were higher (p < 0.05) in the CBG meat than in the
NBG meat. Some cuts from CBG exhibited a tendency to have lower Warner-Bratzler shear force value than thosefrom NBG. The CBG meat had a brighter color and more than twice higher (p < 0.05) n6/n3 polyunsaturated fatty
acids ratio compared to the NBG meat. These findings suggest that breed could have an impact on quality traits of
Korean black female goat meat.
Keywords: Korean black goat, breed, primal cut, meat quality

268

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-8

The quality properties of pork gel manufactured with hotboned pork without phosphate
HG Jeong1, K Jo1, S Lee1,HI Yong1, YS Choi2 and S Jung1
1

Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Korea Food Research Institue, Wanju, Korea
hgkwon1002@gmail.com

Phosphate content is being reduced in meat products, following the clean label trend, which eliminates synthetic
food additives in food. Hot-boned pork has less actomyosin than cold-boned pork. This study investigated theprocessing properties of hot-boned pork for the comminuted meat products and the quality properties of pork gel
manufactured with hot-boned pork without phosphate. The core temperatures of the hot-boned biceps femorismuscle (HP, 4 h postmortem) and the cold-boned biceps femoris muscle muscles (CP, 24 h postmortem) were
35.02℃ and 4.35℃, respectively. The pH and water holding capacity of HP were higher than those of CP (p <0.05). Actomyosin contents in HP and CP were 10.13 mg/g and 39.43 mg/g, respectively, (p < 0.05). And thesolubility of myofibrillar proteins was higher in HP than in CP (p < 0.05). The emulsion gels with three treatments
were prepared as follows; control: CP with 0.3% phosphate, CPG: CP without phosphate, and HPG: HP without
phosphate. HPG showed lower cooking loss than CPG, however, it was significantly higher than that of the control(p < 0.05). The HPG showed significantly higher redness and yellowness, and the control showed the highest
lightness and lowest redness among treatments (p < 0.05). The CPG showed the lowest hardness (N), springiness,gumminess, and chewiness, and control had the highest values in all texture parameters. HPG showed the medianvalue between control and CPG in all texture parameters except for cohesiveness (p < 0.05). We conclude that theuse of hot-boned pork could partially improve the quality of the comminuted meat products manufactured without
phosphate.
Keywords: hot-boning, phosphate, actomyosin, meat product				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l269

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-10Change of bioactive compounds and metabolite profile inwet-aged Jeju black cattle
A Ismail, D Lee, S Kim, SS Kim, HJ Kim and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
farizna@gmail.com

Wet-aging is commonly practiced to increase meat tenderness and improve the flavor by maintaining moisturewhile degrading meat proteins by enzymatic proteolysis. Due to relatively little known about meat from Koreannative cattle such as Jeju black cattle (JBC), the bioactive compounds and metabolites, and the change of thesecompounds in JBC during aging are not yet available. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the bioactive
compounds and the metabolite profile of JBC during wet-aging. The vacuum-packaged 250 g of castrated JBC
rump and loin cuts were aged in a refrigerated condition (4℃) for 28 days. Bioactive compounds were quantified
using high performance liquid chromatography, and metabolite profile was analyzed using 1D 1H-nuclear magnetic
resonance. The results showed that creatine was more predominant than carnosine and anserine in both cuts. The
bioactive compounds in both cuts showed an increasing trend during aging for 28 days except for taurine in loin
cut and betaine in rump cut. During aging, the rump proved higher content of anserine, carnosine, creatine, andtaurine than loin cut except at day 7. A total of 22 metabolites were obtained; amino acids (leucine, isoleucine,
methionine, phenylalanine, valine, alanine, and tyrosine) were increased, and bitterness related compound (inosine)
was decreased at day 28 in both cuts (p < 0.05). Flavor precursors (alanine and glutamate) increased significantly
in rump cut starting from day 7 and thereafter. Overall, wet-aging of JBC with rump cut at 4℃ for 28 days wasrecommended to obtain higher bioactive compounds and a flavor promoting metabolite profile.
Keywords: Jeju black cattle, wet-aging, metabolites, rump270

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-12

Effect of selenium supplement on pork quality during dry
aging with different sources and levels
HY Jung, HJ Lee, SC Lee, H Hur, YY Kim and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
milkhyun99@snu.ac.kr

This research was conducted to study the effects of selenium (Se) supplement on pork quality during dry aging
with different sources (organic and inorganic) and levels. The feeding groups were divided into a control groupwith basal diet (Control) and two experimental groups [Se15 (organic Se 0.15 ppm + inorganic Se 0.10 ppm) andSe45 (organic Se 0.45 ppm + inorganic Se 0.10 ppm)]. Pork loins from 15 growing pigs were equally divided into
three feeding groups and dry aged for 14 days. Then, each group was analyzed on Se contents, physicochemical,
and oxidative properties. During dry aging period, Se45 had a significantly higher Se contents than the othergroups. However, their physiochemical properties, such as pH, water holding capacity, meat color and shear force,
resulted in similar values except for a*-value on day 7. Also, although Se is known to be effective in increasing
antioxidant capacity, the oxidation property of Se15 and Se45 was not different from Control. In conclusion, thefeeding different sources and levels of Se did not adversely or positively affect pork quality during dry aging
period.
Keywords: selenium supplement, pork loin, meat quality, dry aging

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PP3-14

Effect of Penicillium candidum and Penicillium nalgiovense
and their combination on the physicochemical and sensory
quality of dry-aged beef
CH Kim, YE Lee, HJ Lee, S Ryu, Y Kim and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
jjoneekim912@naver.com

This research aimed to study the effects of Penicillium candidum (PC), Penicillium nalgiovense (PN), and their
mixture as starter cultures on dry-aged beef. The surface of beef sirloin was spray-inoculated with a suspensionof PC, PN, or mixture of PC and PN (PCPN, 1:1) and dry-aged for 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. Then, the samples wereanalyzed for microbial population, physicochemical properties (pH and water content), and flavor compounds(free amino acids and volatile compounds). Regardless of different inocula, all inoculated molds were observedwith high population during dry aging period, meaning that they can be used as a starter culture for dry-aged beef
even at refrigerated condition. pH between the control and inoculated groups was significantly different, while
their water content was similar (p > 0.05). In sensory property, PC promoted the generation of volatile compounds(alcohol and aldehyde) and PN increased sweet/umami taste-related free amino acids (Ala, Pro, and Asp). In caseof PCPN, different sensory effects on meat quality were found compared to inoculation of single strains. As nosignificant difference in water content was found in our study, the different changes in PC, PN and PCPN could
be due to their inoculation. In addition, such changes by the inoculated molds were the highest on day 7, which is
14 days earlier than those in the control group. Taken all together, the different inoculations of mold starter culture
varied the sensory property of dry-aged beef and reduced aging period.
Keywords: dry aging, Penicillium candidum, Penicillium nalgiovense, starter culture272

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-16

Identification of the causative agent of the peculiar odor of
black goats based on gender
HA Shine1, ENDS Abeyrathne2, JY Park1, YS Choi3, C Jo4 and KC Nam1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka, 3LivestockResearch Institute, Gangin-gun, 59213, Korea, 4Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and ResearchInstitute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
shinehtetaung.mu.zool@gmail.com

Goat meat is a high protein source with essential amino acids. However, consumers are reluctant to eat due to its
strongly unfavorable flavor. Three types of black goats [non-castrated male (NCM), castrated male (CM), andfemale (FM)] were raised under the same farming conditions, and loins were collected after slaughter. Proximate
composition, TBARS, fatty acids, free amino acids, water-soluble metabolites, and boar-odor hormones wereanalyzed, and specific goaty flavor was evaluated by sensory evaluation. Moisture content was lowest and protein
content was highest in FM. TBARS of NCM showed highest value (p < 0.05) and pH value of CM showed higher
than NCM and FM with same storage times. Goaty flavor strength scores by description analysis were higher in
NCM and CM than FM, but overall acceptance of CM and FM were better than NCM. Major boar-odor hormones;
skatole was not significantly different between all treatments (p > 0.05) but indole showed highest value in NCM(0.031 mg/kg). There was no significant difference in fatty acid composition between NCM and CM (p > 0.05),
but a distinct difference from FM (p < 0.05). Total free amino acids showed highest in CM and lowest in FM (p <0.05). NCM had high ratio of non-bitter free amino acids and FM had high ratio of bitter amino acids. A few watersoluble metabolites such as lactate and myo-inositol were significantly different by gender. In conclusion, genderand castration have effects on meat quality properties in Korean black goat meat.
Keywords: black goat meat, gender, goaty flavor, free amino acids, indole				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP3-18Changes of metabolites and microbial composition ofchicken breast meat during storage
HJ Kim1, HC Kim2, D Lee1, HY Jung1, HJ Kim1 and C Jo1
1

Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Institute of Standard and Science, Daejeon, Korea
alponso92@snu.ac.kr

This study aimed to report the changes in the characteristics of microorganisms and metabolites during the qualitychange of chicken breast by storage period. The chicken breast was anaerobically packaged and stored for 13
days at 4℃ and meat quality (pH, drip loss, color, protein and lipid oxidation) was examined. The microbial
characteristics were studied by total aerobic counts and identification by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.
Metabolites were analyzed by 2D 1H-13C Hetero-nuclear Single Quantum Coherence (HSQC), 1H 30 degree
excitation (zg30) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and the correlation between quality and metabolite
was investigated. The pH was not different by the storage. However, drip loss, lightness, and protein and lipidoxidation were significantly increased by the increase of storage days. Meanwhile, redness and yellowness weredecreased, however, total microbial counts increased by the storage (p < 0.05). Proteobacteria, Bacteriodetes,and Actinobacteria phyla in chicken breast meat phyla decreased during storage, however, the phylum Firmicutes
increased. The chicken breast meat was significantly distinguished by 24 metabolites during storage; amino acids
were increased and nucleic acids [Uridine 5’-monophosphate (UMP), Inosine 5’-monophosphate (IMP)] weredecreased (p < 0.05). The metabolites were significantly correlated with meat quality and microbial characteristics.
Especially, 12 metabolites including acetate, glutamate, hypoxanthine, IMP, isoleucine, leucine, methionine,
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, phenylalanine, tryptophan, UMP, and valine were very highly associated withprotein oxidation and total microbial counts. Therefore, 12 metabolites might be used as markers for indicating thechange of chicken breast meat quality according to alteration of microbial composition during storage.
Keywords: chicken meat quality, storage, metabolomics, microbial composition274

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-20Measurement of meat aging and quality changes
using dry-aging bag
GH Kim, SJ Kim, C Moon, KB Ko and YC Ryu
Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
ghkim17@jejunu.ac.kr

Meat Dry aging has a better taste and flavor than wet aging, but the yield decreases due to the evaporation ofa lot of moisture during the aging process. To improve dry aging, a water vapor-permeable dry aging bag was
also used. The purpose of this study was to analyze quality changes by aging beef for 60 days with dry aging bag, dry
aging, and wet aging. Aging was conducted on the 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 days, and quality analysis items, shear force,
texture were measured. Aging loss and crust thickness increase during aging period, and dry aging bag was thinner thandry aging. Wet aging increased cooking loss, but dry bag aging and dry aging were reduced. Shear force reduced, as it
was aged, and especially the dry bag had the largest decrease in shear force, resulting in a higher tenderness than otheraging methods. Exceptionally the dry bag aging and dry aging has shear force rose by the 60 days. Hardness decreased
similarly to shear force, and there was no significant difference between aging methods from 30 days.
Keywords: dry aging bag, dry aging, quality changes
Table 1. Quality measurement result according to aging date
Aging Method
pH

Aging loss (%)

Cooking loss
(%)

Crust
thickness(mm)Wet Aging
Dry Aging
Dry-Bagp-value
Wet Aging
Dry Aging
Dry-Bagp-value
Wet Aging
Dry Aging
Dry-Bagp-value
Dry Aging
Dry-Bagp-value

Aging Time (day)0
5.64Cb ± 0.07
5.70Ca ± 0.05
5.71Da ± 0.08*
20.12 ± 3.33
18.2 ± 5.31
18.44A ± 0.10
NS
NS

15
5.77B ± 0.10
5.81B ± 0.07
5.80C ± 0.13
NS
1.98Bb ± 0.44
16.95Da ± 1.85
15.06Da ± 1.15***
20.23a ± 1.43
11.32ABb ± 1.12
11.96Bb ± 2.41*
6.75ABa ± 1.28
3.75Bb ± 0.89*

30
5.75 ± 0.03
5.82Ba ± 0.07
5.85BCa ± 0.08***
2.33Bc ± 0.63
29.49Ca ± 3.03
24.57Cb ± 0.71***
23.72a ± 0.18
5.07BCb ± 0.81
6.52Cb ± 1.46***
6.13Ba ± 0.83
4.00Bb ± 1.85
***
Bb

45
5.75 ± 0.06
5.96Aa ± 0.07
5.91ABb ± 0.05***
3.35Ac ± 0.55
35.55Da ± 1.79
31.79Bb ± 1.23***
21.54a ± 0.15
4.96BCb ± 2.41
4.40CDb ± 0.62**
6.00Ba ± 0.76
3.88Bb ± 1.55
**
Bc

60
5.85 ± 0.11
6.02Aa ± 0.12
5.96Aa ± 0.06***
3.39Ac ± 0.62
43.66Aa ± 2.59
39.82Ab ± 0.25***
20.90a ± 3.45
1.54Cb ± 0.34
2.12Db ± 0.24**
7.75A ± 1.04
6.38A ± 2.33**

p-value

Ab

***
***
***
**
***
***
NS
**
***
**
*

Result presented Means ± SD.
a-c
Means with different superscripts in the same column significantly differ (p < 0.05).
A-E
Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ (p < 0.05).
NS, Not significant; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01;***p < 0.001.

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PP3-22

Effect of aging methods and time on microbiological safety
and physicochemical properties of beef
SJ Kim, GH Kim, C Moon, KB Ko and YC Ryu
Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
santa1023@jejunu.ac.kr

Meat aging is known to improve the tenderness and flavor of meat, and many studies have been continuously
conducted due to increased interest in meat aging. In recent research, an exclusive packaing film has beendeveloped and used to compensate for the disadvantages of dry aging and aging method using temperature,
air flow, microorganisms, etc was used. This study compared and analyzed the microbiological safety andphysicochemical properties of the aging method and aging period for wet aging, dry aging and dry packaging.
Acording to aging method, beef was aged for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days to measure changes in Aerobic bacteria, E.
coli, VBN and TBARS. As a result, Aerobic bacteria and E. coli were detected within value of the recommended
packaging meat microorganisms specified by the MFDS. The Aerobic bacteria showed a significant difference
only in dry aging with respect to the aging period (p < 0.05) and also showed a significant difference in the aging
date according to the aging method (p < 0.05). but there was no significant difference in E. coli. VBN and TBARS
showed a significant difference according to the aging method in the aging period (p < 0.001) and showed asignificantly increasing trend according to the aging period (p < 0.05). In dry aging on the 60th day of aging, VBN(32.08 mg%) and TBARS (2.25 mg MDA/kg) showed the highest values. The purpose of this study was to provide
efficient and economical basic data for sanitary safety of aged beef by analyzing microbiological safety andphysicochemical properties.
Keywords: Aging Beef, Microbiological Safety, Physicochemical Properties

Table 1. Effects of Aging method and time on physicochemical properties of beef longissimus dorsi muscle
Aging Time (day)Aging Method

VBN

TBARS

Wet Aging
Dry Aging
Dry-Packaging
p-value
Wet Aging
Dry Aging
Dry-Packaging
p-value

0

15

30

45

60

8.43Db ± 0.69
9.76Ea ± 0.41
9.22Eab ± 0.84*
1.15B ± 0.06
1.20D ± 0.05
1.85B ± 0.08
NS

9.48CDc ± 0.95
13.63Da ± 2.25
11.30Db ± 0.65***
1.21Ab ± 0.06
1.33Da ± 0.08
1.20Bb ± 0.04***

11.25Cc ± 0.26
19.73Ca ± 3.22
14.31Cb ± 0.21***
1.18ABb ± 0.05
1.55Ca ± 0.31
1.22Bb ± 0.08***

14.40Bc ± 3.13
24.68Ba ± 3.10
18.33Bb ± 0.37***
1.19Ab ± 0.05
2.10Ba ± 0.34
1.13Cb ± 0.09***

17.67Ac±1.63
32.08Aa±3.3324.72Ab±1.71***
1.20Ac±0.06
2.25Aa±0.12
1.29Ab±0.11***

Result presented Means ± SD.
a-c Means with different superscripts in the same column significantly differ (p < 0.05).
A-E Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ (p < 0.05).
NS, Not significant; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

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p-value
***
***
***
*
***
***

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-24

Physicochemical characteristics and metabolites change in
Korean tiger cattle rump during the wet-aging
D Lee, SS Kim, A Ismail, HJ Kim and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
sptails@snu.ac.kr

Aging of beef is a long-established preservation method to improve tenderness, flavor, and overall acceptance.
However, aging using beef from Korean Tiger cattle is little known. Therefore, this study was conducted toinvestigate the color, tenderness and changes of metabolites in Korean Tiger cattle rump by the wet-aging. Korean
Tiger beef rump (n = 15) with an average weight of 250 ± 5 g were vacuum-packaged, and aged for 28 days at 4℃.
Color, shear force measurements, and 1D 1H quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance for metabolomic analysis
were conducted at 7-day intervals. During aging, CIE a* and CIE b* in rump were decreased, but CIE L* wasincreased (p < 0.05). The shear force value significantly decreased from day 0 to 28 (49.45 N to 23.38 N; p <0.05). Twenty-two metabolites were detected, twenty metabolites of which displayed significant differences. The
organic acids and amino acids (lactate, acetate, formate, alanine, asparagine, phenylalanine, glutamine, methionine,etc.) and flavor-related compounds (inosine, hypoxanthine) increased whereas inosine monophosphate ando-acetylcarnitine contents decreased at day 28 compared to those of day 0 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the decreased
CIE a*, CIE b*, and shear force value, increased CIE L*, and the alteration of metabolites contents in Korean
Tiger cattle rump were confirmed during wet-aging. The further research on the effect of aging method and cuts on
flavor and taste of wet-aged Korean Tiger cattle is needed.
Keywords: Korean tiger cattle, color, shear force, metabolites contents				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP3-26

The antifungal effect of essential oil on three fungi fromfermented sausages
ES Lee, JH Kim, BM Kim and MH Oh
Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science
les1023@korea.kr

During producing the fermented sausage, the fungi used for starter for making flavor before fermenting and drying.
However, some mould strains may produce undesirable effects on the quality of these products sue as off-flavors,
color of conidia and floccose mycelium on the casing with one of these undesirable effects being the formation of
black spots. three fungi (Penicillium commune, P. oxalicum, and Cladosporium cladosporioides) were detectedwith the highest frequency in fermented sausages. Therefore, in this study, we tried to check the inhibitory effect ofessential oils such as herbs, ginger and black pepper). Final conidia suspensions were adjusted to 106 conidia/ml.
300 µL of each fungal suspension were applied to PDA plates. Filter paper disc were placed on the agar surface ofthe petri dishes and each EO, dissolved in DMSO at different concentrations (75, 50, 25, 10, 5%). Petri dishes wereincubated at 25℃ for 5 days. Inhibition zone diameters were measured in mm. The strong antifungal essential oil
were thyme, oregano, and clover. The intensity of the effect depends on the fungal speices. At 75% of essential
oil, the inhibition zone was maximumly cleared by 75 mm. C. cladosporium was significantly inhibited by thyme.
Also, it is sensitive to essential oil than other strains. Therefore, it is expected that these three oils can be used to
produce fermented sausages in any way to prevent harmful fungi contamination. This will eventually contribute tosafe and hygienic production of fermented meat products.
Keywords: fermented sausage, fungi, essential oil

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-28A study of growth performance of myosatellite cells
isolated from chick and adult chicken breast muscles invitro culture for development cultured meat
SH Park, YA Kim, GT Park, SH Oh, YH Park and JS Choi
Department of Animal Science Chungbuk National University, Chungju, Korea
pksaho@chungbuk.ac.kr

Several muscle cells used in cultured meat research require properties establishment and production optimization.
These experiments were performed to compare the proliferation of chick and chicken broiler breast myosatellite
cells and to optimize the seeding volume of chicken breast myosatellite cells. The myosatellite cells were separated
from the breast muscle tissue of chicks and chickens, respectively. The separated cells were incubated in a humid
incubator at 37℃, 5% CO2. The two types of cells were carried out live cell count, doubling time and MTS
assay, and compared after immunofluorescence staining (Pax7, Myosin, nucleus). In the second experiments,
treatment groups were set according to the seeding volume of chicken breast myosatellite cells (Control:1,000 cell/
cm2, T1:5,000 cell/cm2, T2:10,000 cell/cm2, T3:15,000 cell/cm2). For each groups, live cell count, cell viability,
doubling time, and live cell production efficiency (CPE) were analyzed. The chicken cells had significantly higher
live cell count, doubling time, and cell viability than chick cells. There were more areas pax7, myosin expression
and hoechst positive nucleus in chicken cells. In the second experiments, doubling time and CPE calculated by thelive cell count and MTS assay results were the highest at C group. The cell viability was the highest T3 group. The
chicken breast myosatellite cells were high proliferation under 37℃ culture conditions, and additional experiments
were required under various conditions. In the second experiment, C group was the highest proliferation, but theT3 group was also meaningful because the seeding volume must be large for effective mass production of cultured
meat.
Keywords: chicken, chick, breast myosatellite cell, proliferation

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PP3-30Quality and storage characteristics of pork emulsions withroot crops containing saponins
SH Oh1, SH Park1, YA Kim1, YH Park1, GT Park1, CW Han1, NY Choi1, JH Lee2, HS Seo2 and JS Choi11

Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea, 2Corporate ResearchInstitute, Hansalim Food, Goesan, Korea
Osehyuk12@naver.com

Saponins, naturally occurring glycosides and triterpene glycosides in plants, have antioxidant activities and areuseful in the prophylaxis and treatment of several disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate quality
and storage characteristics of pork emulsions with saponin-containing root crops, such as ginseng, bellflower andcodonopsis ranceolata, for producing high-quality emulsions. Pork emulsions were prepared by five treatments
such as negative control (C1), pork emulsions with 1% ascorbic acid (C2), 0.1% ginseng (T1), 1% bellflower (T2)
and 1% codonopsis ranceolata (T3). The chemical composition, pH and emulsion stability of pork emulsions were
measured. VBN, TBARS, TMC and DPPH radical scavenging were measured on pork emulsions were stored
at 4℃ for 0, 5 and 10 days. As a result, there was no significant difference in protein content and T1 showed thelowest pH value among experimental group. But the T1 showed low water, fat and total fluid release values amongexperimental group. TMC value of the T1 was also the lowest among experimental group was stored for 0 day.
The experimental group stored for 5 and 10 days had no significant difference in TMC. VBN values of the T1 was
the lowest among experimental group was stored for 10 days. The T1 presented the second lowest TBARS value
during all storage periods. The T1 presented the highest DPPH radical scavenging values among experimentalgroup during all storage periods. These results indicated that adding 1% ginseng effectively improve quality andstorage characteristics and antioxidants of pork emulsions as antioxidants.
Keywords: pork emulsion, root crops, quality characteristics, antioxidants

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-32Comparison of lean meat and fat percentages of primal cuts
from LYD pigs classified seasons measured by AutoFom III
YH Park1, EY Ko2, CH Woo2, KW Park2, SH Park1, YA Kim1, GT Park1, SH Oh1, JY Kim1 and JS Choi11

Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea, 2Dodram Pig Farmers Cooperatives, Icheon, Korea
yhp056@chungbuk.ac.kr

Automatic grading machines were introduced in response to the needs of slaughterhouses with an increasing
number of animals being slaughtered. AutoFom III, which measures carcasses and lean meat or fat percentage
using ultrasound, is one of the automatic grading machines and is being used in North America and Europe. The
purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between seasonal primal cuts weight, lean meat and fat
percentage measured by AutoFom III to find out which season’s carcass were most productive. A total of 345,829
LYD crossbred pigs were used as experiment materials, and they were divided into 4 seasons (spring, summer,
autumn, winter) by slaughter date regardless of grade. With AutoFom III, the weight and lean meat contents of 7
primal cut parts (Belly, Boston shoulder, Ribs, Tenderloin, Loin, Picnic shoulder, Ham) were measured. Carcass
weight and backfat thickness showed the highest values in winter compared to other seasons (p < 0.05). The
amount of Belly showed the highest amount in winter, and the amount of all parts except for Belly showed thehighest value in autumn compared to other seasons (p < 0.05). The lean meat percentage of carcass showed thehighest value in autumn and the fat percentage of carcass showed the highest value in winter (p < 0.05). The leanmeat percentage of all parts except for ribs showed the highest values in autumn(p < 0.05). Based on the results
measured by AutoFom III, it is considered that pigs slaughtered in autumn have a higher percentage of lean meat
than in other seasons.
Keywords: AutoFom III, 4 season, lean meat percentage, fat percentage

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PP3-34

Evaluation of muscle quality of pork belly and pork
butt using magnetic resonance imaging and computed
tomography
S Kim1, ES Kim1, JH Cho1, GB Keum1, H Doo1, J Kwak1, S Pandey1, J Kim2, A Sung2, S Lee2,A Lee2, E Hong2, K Seol3, SM Kang3, S Jung2, HJ Kwon2, Y Lee2 and HB Kim1
1

Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea,
3
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea
sheen915@gmail.com

Accurate measurement of muscle and fat distribution in carcass is an important indicator for quality evaluation, butthere are limitations in evaluation using semiconductors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure themuscle and fat composition in pork belly and pork butt by non-destructive inspection and analyze the correlationin order to provide objective data that can be used for quality evaluation of pig carcasses. Each of the 30 pork
belly and pork butt was scanned by computed tomography (CT), and 10 of them were imaged by magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI). The area and ratio of muscles and fat were estimated using Vitrea workstation version
7, and correlation analysis and statistical processing between non-destructive inspection methods (CT, MRI) were
performed using GraphPadPrism 7. The muscle/fat ratio of pork belly and pork butt were CT (1:0.37, 1:0.79) andMRI (1:0.41, 1:0.85), and the correlation analysis between the two regions was CT (R = 0.7347), MRI (R = 0.8851,
p < 0.01). In addition, when analyzing the correlation between the two measurement methods, the R value for pork
butt was found to be 0.8253 (p <0.05). Consequently, MRI measurements of pork pork butt can be recommended
as a reference for predicting pork belly composition and determining semiconductors grading.
Keywords: pork, non-destructive inspection, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-36

Productive performance, carcass and meat qualities ofcrossbred chickens between Thai native purebred sires
and commercial broiler dams
Sansak Nakavisut1, Jennarong Kammongkun2, Vuttichai Ladkruea3 and Phakphume Saowaphak4
1

Livesrtock Academic Development Section, Dept of Livestock Development, 69/1 Payathai Rd.,
Ratchathewee, Bangkok, 10400 , 2Bureau of Animal Husbandry and Genetic Improvement, Dept ofLivestock Development Complex, Bangkadi, Muang, Pathumthani 10200, 3Chiangmai Livestock
Product Research and Development Center, Hauykaew, Muang, Chiangmai 50300, 4Faculty ofAnimal Science and Technology, Maejo University, Nongharn, Sunsai, Chiangmai 50300
sansak@hotmail.com

This project was to develop Thai native broiler crossbreds by crossbreeding of male Thai native chicken breeders
with commercial broiler hens to produce hybrid chickens. The aim of this research project was to compare theproduction performances including carcass and meat quality and the tasting of processed Thai food products. The
results showed that at 10 weeks of age, the hybrid broilers born from the Shanghai and Pradu-Hangdam Chiangmai
sires had the highest body weight of 2,284.88 ± 24.56 and 2,210.16 ± 14.34 gram, which were statisticallysignificantly (p < 0.05) higher than those from Leung-Hangkhao Kabinburi, Chee Thaphra and Kholon Sriwichai
breeds which were 2,103.86 ± 10.67, 2,069.71 ± 15.50, 2,097.79 ± 11.98 and 1,988.56 ± 9.02 gram, respectively.
At 10 weeks, the feed conversion ratio was from 2.27 to 2.60. The percentages of warm carcass carcass did not
differ which were 72.67‒83.29. The results of Thai dishes tasting preferences for grilled chicken and boiled
chicken were different between crosses. Different crosses were suitable for different Thai dishes. Leung-Hangkhao
Kabinburi crossbred was most popular for grilled chicken, followed by Pradu-Hangdam Chiangmai and Chee
Thaphra. As for the boiled chicken menu Chee Thaphra crossbed was the most popular followed by LeungHangkhao Kabinburi and Shanghai hybrid broilers. However, there was no significant different between breeds for
Tom-yum chicken dish.
Keywords: Thai broiler, crossbred chicken, native chicken, productive performance, meat quality				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP3-38A survey study on the consumption and perception of blackgoat meat in Korea
HA Shine1, JY Park1, SN Jeong1, YS Choi2 and KC Nam
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea,
2
Livestock Research Institute, Gangin-gun, 59213, Korea
shinehtetaung.mu.zool@gmail.com

In livestock production systems, the increase or decrease of a species is related to the ability to meet the needs ofconsumers, make socio-economic contributions, and be widely distributed to the market as needed. In the case ofgoat meat, one of the reasons for relatively low production is that it does not comply with the sales target and lacks
understanding of medicinal purposes and properties. However, it is gradually expanding into food, and the numberof farms raising black goats is also increasing. Accordingly, online survey was conducted to prepare measures to
consume black goat meat in the future. According to 1,805 respondents in seven cities, livestock consumption was
the highest in the order of beef, pork, chicken, duck, and goat meat. Satisfaction point of the consumption of goat
meat was “nutrition” with 3.84 points out of 10 points and the highest response was “high protein” with 67.4% and“low fat” with 40.0%. However, the main reasons for disappointment with black goat meat among respondents
were “stinging smell” and “toughness” with 66.9% and 21.8% respectively. In addition, 56.3% of the respondents
demand to improve “flavor” and 55.4% desired to adjust the suitable “price” for improving production. The highest
response for preference consumption type was “grilling” with 45.3%, and Tteokgalbi with 39.5% in processed
meat. In the future, their intention to eat was 5.83 points, which was "to grill at the professional restaurant." Thissurvey is expected to contribute to the improvement of black goat meat production in the future.
Keywords: goat meat, consumption, perception, nutrition, preference284

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PP3-40Microbial hazard analysis for HACCP implementation ofdrone pupae production farm
IS Nam1,2, SH Baek2, HJ Park1, SJ Kang1, TA Neri1, SM Lee1, YK Park1,
YS Sung3, HS Kim3 and YG Jun3
1

Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 2Gyeonggi Regional Research Center, Hankyong
National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Korea Agency of HACCP Accreditationand Servicy, Cheongju, Korea
isnam@hknu.ac.kr

This study was conducted to serve as basis for HACCP implementation in drone pupae production farm. The
samples used in this study were composed of drone pupae (10 samples), honeycomb (10 samples), and pollen(20 samples:10 imported and 10 domestic). For biological hazards analysis, presence of general and pathogenic
microorganisms (coliforms, fungi, Listeria monocytogenes, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Salmonella,
Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Clostridium perfringens) were investigated. General microorganisms
were detected in all samples except in imported pollens. Coliform was detected at 2 log CFU/g in one domesticpollen while fungi was noted in all pupae, honeycomb, and pollen samples. Aside from no microbial detection,
imported pollen contained lesser fungi (0.92 log CFU/g) than domestic pollen (4.06 log CFU/g), which could be
due to the irradiation treatment imported pollen underwent. L. monocytogenes, Salmonella, B. cereus, S. aureus,
and C. perfringens were absent in all samples while enterohemorrhagic E. coli with Shiga toxin (stx1, stx2)
genes was detected in one honeycomb sample. Results of this study found a relatively high level of microbial
contamination in drone pupae and auxiliary materials such as, honeycomb and pollen. Untreated/unsterilized
drone pupae delivered from farm to processing plant can have a negative impact on safety and quality of the foodproduct. Therefore, sterilization process is necessary and should be carried out in the farm. Sanitation and safetylevels can be improved by implementing appropriate sterilization treatment (e.g. blanching and drying) on raw
materials, which are optimized through research and development and can be easily done in drone pupae farms.
Keywords: drone pupa, HACCP, residue, mycotoxin, pathogenic bacteria

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PP3-42

Effect of compositional precursors on the formation of
Heterocyclic Amines (HCAs) of pan-roasted patties inrelation to different meat types and temperatures
R Parvin1 and HS Yang1,2
1

Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea,
2Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
hsyang@gnu.ac.kr

Polar and Non-polar Heterocyclic amines (HCA) are formed in processed meat due to the Maillard reaction during
grilling, frying, roasting, and smoking, which initiates human carcinogens after prolonged red meat consumption.
This research led to the recognition of six polar and four non-polar HCAs from beef and pork patties pan-roasted at
220 and 320℃ for 5 min on each side using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection(HPLC-FID) method. The simultaneous effect of meat types, composition, cooking method, and temperature on
HCA formation was explained here by Multivariate statistical analysis using SAS 9.4 and Metabo Analyst 5.0
software. The HCA content was slowly increased with temperature, and the highest amount was found at 320℃ in
relation to high amino acid content. The most prevalent HCAs in beef patties are IQ (2.15 ng/g), Harman (2.35 ng/g),
PhIP (1.43 ng/g), and 7,8-DiMeIQx (1.35 ng/g) formed at 320℃, where the highest concentration of MeIQx (5.68
to 5.70 ng/g) produced in pork patties at 220 and 320℃ (p < 0.05). Also, Nor-Harman content was significantly
higher at 220℃ than in uncooked samples, but the content decreased at 320℃ surprisingly. Beef patties had higher
HCAs content than pork patties, except for MeIQx. Our results demonstrated the positive correlation (p < 0.05)
of amino acids, cooking temperature, and negative correlation of moisture, fat, and fatty acid content with HCA
formation at 320℃ to enhance HCAs concentration. So, the use of low protein and high fat-moisture rich, lowheated processed meat can reduce the risk of HCA carcinogenicity in humans.
Keywords: pan-roasting, heterocyclic amine, carcinogenic

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-44Multi-omics based evaluation of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus
rhamnosus IDCC 3201 in Caenorhabditis elegans surrogate
animal model
JB Lee, D Lee, SD Ryu, DY Mun, AN Kang, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, MG Kang,JK Park, YB Choi and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
jnbmlee@snu.ac.kr

In this study, we evaluated whether Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC 3201 (3201) can act as a probiotic for
immunity and anti-aging. As an experimental model, Caenorhabditis elegans, which is a surrogate animal model,
was used. Escherichia coli OP50 (OP50) and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) were used as negative
control and positive control, respectively. C. elegans was fed with 3201, OP50, or LGG to determine whether 3201
can improve lifespan. C. elegans fed 3201 had a significantly improved lifespan than C. elegans fed OP50. Then,
to determine whether 3201 can improve the phenotype of C.elegans, we measured the length, width, peristaltic
speed, and pharyngeal pumping rate. As a result, C. elegans fed with 3201, length and width were significantly
increased and the pumping rate was significantly increased compared to C. elegans fed with OP50. To determine
whether 3201 could enhance immunity in C. elegans, C. elegans were fed four food-borne pathogenic bacteria
after 48h exposure to 3201, OP50, or LGG. C. elegans fed with 3201 showed significantly increased immunity
compared to C. elegans fed with OP50. Using RNA sequencing analysis, genes related to immune response, suchas C-type lectin, F-box, and Lysozyme-related, were significantly upregulated in C. elegans preconditioned with
3201 compared with C. elegans pre-regulated with OP50. In addition, the metabolomic analysis revealed that 3201
significantly regulated the metabolic pathway including lactic acid metabolism. Our study described that 3201 as
functional probiotics may exhibit the function of the improvement of anti-aging and immunity in fermented foods
including yogurt and cheese.
Keywords: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, probiotics, C. elegans, multi-omics

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PP3-46

Characteristics of Gouda cheeses added with red
ginseng powder
JY Yoo and JS Choi
Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
yjy1172@korea.kr

Korean dairy farmers are making various attempts to produce differentiated cheese containing adding local
specialties, but sometimes trial and error might occur due to the lack of related information. In this study, redginseng was selected as the representative material to develop ripened cheese added with local specialties. The
Gouda cheeses added with red ginseng powder was prepared and the characteristics of them were analyzed after
ripening for 5 months. The red ginseng was added to raw milk before pasteurization (T1) or to ground curd before
molding (T2) and compared with general Gouda cheese. The pH of both Gouda cheese with red ginseng was lower
than that of control. The moisture content of T1 was higher than that of ordinary cheese, but it decreased when
red ginseng powder added to the curd. The hardness, springiness, and cohesiveness of T1 were the highest. In thesensory test, the flavor, texture, taste, and overall preference of Gouda cheese made by adding red ginseng powder
ro milk were higher than the cheese made by adding red ginseng powder to curd. Based on the above results, it isrecommended to add powder to milk rather than curd for making powder type specialty-added Gouda cheese.
Keywords: Gouda cheese, red ginseng288

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-48

Antioxidant activity, physicochemical, and sensory
properties of chicken meatball added by butterfly pea
flower extract (Clitoria ternatea L.)
Sumiati Sumiati, Tuti Suryati and Zakiah Wulandari
Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University,
Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
t-suryati@apps.ipb.ac.id

The addition of natural ingredients containing high antioxidants compound could increase antioxidant activity ofchicken meatball. Chicken meatball which has high antioxidant activity has the potential as a functional food. One
of ingredient known rich of antioxidant is butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) beside has attractive colour
which can affect product colour. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of butterfly pea flower extract(Clitoria ternatea L.) addition on the antioxidant activity, physicochemical (moisture content, aw, pH, and TBARS
value) and sensory properties of chicken meatballs. The experimental design used in this study was a completely
randomized design (CRD) with the addition of butterfly pea flower extract into chicken meatball dough at different
concentrations, namely 0%, 5%, and 10%. The results showed that the addition of butterfly pea flower extract
increased (p < 0.05) the antioxidant activity (DPPH scavenging activity and antioxidant capacity) and elasticity,
but decreased (p < 0.05) moisture content of chicken meatballs. The addition of butterfly pea flower extract had
no significant effect on the aw, pH, TBARS value, and palatability of chicken meatballs. It can be concluded thatthe addition of 5% and 10% butterfly pea flower extract improved antioxidant activity and elasticity of chicken
meatball with different colour without affect its palatability.
Keywords: antioxidant activity, physicochemical properties, butterfly pea flower, chicken meatball				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l289

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-50Evaluation of N-nitrosamine using solid-phase extraction
and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
HS Yang1,2, JU Eom2 and JK Seo1
1

Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2AppliedLife Science (BK21Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
tjwlsrb7942@gmail.com

Nitrite and nitrate are used as essential food additives in meat product industry. The purpose of its use is to playa role as a multifunctional additive such as the cured-meat color development, prevention of oxidative reaction,and inhibitor of the growth of Clostridium botulinum. Despite a multifunctional additive, various previous
studies reported that the N-nitrosamines are generated by using nitrite or nitrate in meat products. Thus, the studyof N-nitrosamines extraction and analysis is necessary related to the research area. The solid-phase extraction(SPE) in sample preparation is the most efficient method to remove the analysis matrix. In addition, this method
has that there is advantage that trace components can be concentrated at the same time as sample clean-up. Gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has most useful for the analysis of N-nitrosamines compared withother instruments, and it is simple, fast, and low-cost for analysis. Therefore, the aim of this study was developed toeasy, fast and efficient method for N-nitrosamines using SPE and GC-MS. For this study, the experimental model
was employed as an N-nitrosamines fortified or non-fortified sausage model. Total running time for N-nitrosamines
detection was taken up 24 minutes. The florisil cartridge has a higher recovery rate than other cartridges, and at thesame time as effectively removed the analytical matrix from the sausage model. In conclusion, the SPE cartridge
and GC-MS are very practical tools for evaluation of N-nitrosamines in sausage model.
Keywords: solid phase extraction, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, N-nitrosamine

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-52Omega-3 egg production as functional food
IRH Soesanto, A Yani, S Mulatsih, R Mutia and A Tanti
IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
rahayu21@hotmail.com

Eggs contain omega-3 fatty acids, as a functional food, which are very good for body health, especially fortoddler brain development and prevention of degenerative diseases in the elderly. From these benefits, it ispossible that public demand for omega-3 eggs will increase. Production of IPB omega-3 eggs in this study
through the application of an omega-3 supplement patent with ID No. P 0023652. The patent contains the use ofenvironmentally friendly products, namely waste sardines and tofu dregs filler which is processed into an omega-3
supplement. To determine the optimum level of use of omega-3 supplements, a study was conducted by adding
omega-3 supplements at levels of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% in the ration of laying hens (17% crude protein; 2,750kcal/kg). The results showed that the optimum level of use of omega-3 supplements in the ration of laying hens was
5%. The addition of 5% of omega-3 supplements to the ration significantly (p < 0.05) increased the composition of
DHA in chicken eggs from 239 mg/100 g to 2,816 mg/100 g. The yolk color score is 11–12; that quality belongs to
the AA group (Haugh Unit 80–85). However, it found no significant (p > 0.05) differences between physical qualityof omega-3 eggs and ordinary eggs. Currently, the triple helix concept which is a collaboration of academics,
entrepreneurs, and the government will be carried out for commercialization of the IPB omega-3 eggs, with theprogramme, namely Kedaireka, which will be facilitated through a matching fund.
Keywords: functional food, omega-3 eggs, commercialization

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PP3-54

Utilization of dried bean sprouts in feed on the productivityof laying hens and the physical quality of omega-3
eggs produced
Y Retnani, IRH Soesanto, A Tanti, Kurniawati Kurniawati, Z Rizwantiara and J Bahtiar
IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
ariyanitanti@gmail.com

This study aimed to evaluate the substitution of commercial rations with rations containing bean sprouts enrichedwith omega-3 on the productivity of laying hens and the physical quality of omega-3 eggs produced. This study
used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications, each of which consisted of
4 laying hens. The treatments used were, R0 = 100% commercial ration, R1 = 75% commercial ration + 25%
research ration containing 2.5% bean sprout, R2 = 50% commercial ration + 50% research ration containing 2.5%
bean sprout, R3 = 25% commercial ration +75% research ration containing 2.5% bean sprout, R4 = 100% researchration containing 2.5% bean sprout. The variables observed were consumption, egg weight, hen day production,
egg mass, ration conversion, mortality, Income Over Feed cost (IOFC), as well as physical quality of eggs (weight,
index, wholeness and cleanliness of eggs) and Egg interior quality (weight and percentage of egg white, yolk andshell, egg white and yolk index, shell thickness, egg yolk color score, and Haugh unit). The results showed that
substitution of commercial rations with research rations containing bean sprouts waste had no significant effecton the productivity of laying hens and the physical quality of omega-3 eggs. However, it had a significantly effect(p < 0.05) on shell thickness. Treatment R4 produced the lowest shell thickness. The highest value of IOFC wastreatment R2.
Keywords: bean sprouts waste, physical quality of eggs, productivity, ration292

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-56

Omega-3 egg industry in Indonesia
S Mulatsih, IRH Soesanto and Y Retnani
IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
mulatsih@apps.ipb.ac.id

Egg is one source of animal protein that is cheap and high quality food. However, people are worried about thedangers of cholesterol contained in eggs. Various studies have shown that the introduction of omega-3 throughlayer feed or drinking water produces omega-3 eggs that can decrease cholesterol, such as IPB omega-3 eggs. This
study aims to determine the potential for the development of the omega-3 egg industry in Indonesia. Omega-3
eggs are produced on a small scale (100 birds) to large scale (50,000 birds). The source of omega-3 used by
farmers varies, i.e. introduction in feed of (1) salmon oil and vegetable oil mix, (2) maggot (Hermetia illucens),(3) processed fish waste (IPB omega-3 egg) and (4) mixing amino acids and enzymes in ozonated drinking water.
Each source of omega-3 provides a revenue cost ratio (R/C) of 1.10, 1.52, 1.52 and 1.19. It was concluded thatthe competitiveness of the omega-3 egg industry in Indonesia was quite strong, with the conditions: (1) omega-3
supplement feed inputs were plentiful, (2) local demand for omega-3 eggs continues to increase, (3) supported by
the feed and pullet industry (4) the level of competition in the omega-3 egg industry was still low, (5) supported bygovernment programs to reduce stunting through protein consumption. Domestic demand for IPB omega-3 egg can
be stimulated through socialization to the public for the benefits of omega-3 egg.
Keywords: competitiveness, industry, omega-3’s egg, revenue cost ratio				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP3-58

Quality characteristics and processing characteristics offreeze-thawed sow
JU Eom1, HS Yang1,2 and JK Seo2
1

Applied Life Science (BK21Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Institute ofAgriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
djawjddnr7@naver.com

Unlike commercial pigs for meat quality, pigs raised to give birth are called sows. Sows with a long breeding
period are characterized by a hard texture. Sows have a hard texture, so if the texture is improved through grinding
and emulsification rather than consumption as fresh meat, it can be used as processed raw meat. Most of the pork
hind legs are consumed as raw meat for processing, and they are used after freezing and thawing. Therefore, thisstudy was conducted to confirm the quality characteristics and processing characteristics using freeze-thawedsows. This experiment was performed by comparing freeze-thawed commercial pigs and sows using hind legs.
Collagen content, texture, and water holding capacity were measured to confirm the quality characteristics. Forprocessing characteristics, emulsified sausages were prepared, and texture, emulsion stability, and heating yield
were measured. Water holding capacity and collagen content showed no significant difference, and texture wassignificantly firmer (p < 0.05) in the sow. As meat's water holding capacity is improved, processed products' heatingyield is improved. As the content of collagen increases, the emulsion stability decreases due to the connective
tissue. In this study, there was no difference in heating yield and emulsion stability due to the no difference in thewater holding capacity and collagen content. The texture of sows had the same texture as that of commercial pigs
due to grinding and emulsification. In conclusion, the processing characteristics of sows and commercial pigs had
the same characteristics.
Keywords: sow, quality characteristics, processing characteristics, freeze-thawed294

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-60Identification and comparison of aroma compounds
from leg meat of broiler and 3 breeds of
Korean native chickens
DJ Shin1, HJ Kim2, DW Kim1, YS Jung1, HJ Jeong1, HJ Lee1, JH Lee3,
HJ Choo4 and AR Jang1
1

Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,
3
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 4Rural Development Administration,
Pyeongchang, Korea
timothy1q@naver.com

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) of chicken leg meat from broiler and 3 breeds of Korean native chickens(Hanhyup 3, HH3; Woorimatdak No.1, WRMD1; Woorimatdak No.2, WRMD2) were identified and comparedin this study. The VOC was detected using the headspace solid-phase micro-extraction technique coupled with
GC/MS and analyzed by multivariate analysis (partial least square discriminant analysis, PLS-DA). In total,
111 compounds were detected. The major VOC presented in the compared chicken leg meats belonged tohydrocarbons, esters, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, and acid classes. The hierarchical clustering heatmap analysis
presented similarities between WRMD1 and WRMD2, HH3 and broiler. The PLS-DA result on VOC alsopresented overlapping between WRMD 1 and WRMD2. This group could be clearly separated from broilerand HH3. Among the variables, compounds including p-cresol, D-limonene, cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1methylethyl)-, 1-hexadecanol, 1-nonanol, and ethyl oleate were contributed importantly to the separation in PLSDA with high variable importance in the projection score (> 1.6). Especially, the contents of p-cresol, D-limonene,
cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-, and eugenol were higher in broiler and HH3. While 1-hexadecanol,
1-nonanol, and 2-octenal, (E)- were detected only in WRMD 1 and 2. The result of VOC analysis implies a
possibility of its utilization in the validation of some Korean native chicken meats and further study would need toprove its availability.
Keywords: Korean native chicken, Woorimatdak, leg meat, volatile organic compound				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP3-62The effect of paprika extract on the antioxidant activity ofpork patties and the reduction of Heterocyclic amines,
and the relationship between oxidation andHeterocyclic amines
KJ Jeong1, HS Yang1,2,3 and JK Seo3
1

Department Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Applied Life Science(BK21Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 3Institute of Agriculture and Life
Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
jkj8919@naver.com

This study was to confirm the effect of the red paprika extract on the oxidation of pork patties and the generationof Heterocyclic amines (HCAs), and also to discuss the relationship between oxidation and HCAs. As a control
group, pork patties were prepared in a group with nitrite added (NC) and a group without antioxidants (PC). The
experimental group prepared pork patties containing 0.05% (T1) and 0.1% (T2) extracts, and each sample wasstored for 0, 7, and 14 days and then used for analysis. Compared with NC, T1, T2 and PC showed inhibition oflipid and protein oxidation in the 14-day sample (p < 0.05). In the case of T2, it was confirmed that the antioxidant
activity equivalent to that of PC. The amount of HCAs produced in T1, T2 and PC was decreased compared tothat of NC, and the experimental group using paprika extract was similar to or lower than that of PC (p < 0.05).
Also, the amount of HCAs produced decreased when oxidation of the pork patty was inhibition. In conclusion,
the use of paprika extract inhibits the oxidation of pork patties and at the same time reduces the amount of HCAs
produced when heated. Also, the amount of HCAs produced may be changed according to changes in fat or proteinoxidation.
Keywords: pork patties, red paprika extract, oxidation, HCAs

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-64

Sustainable beef: exploration for sustainable beef
production, distribution and consumption
D Jeong and I Hwang
Jeongbuk National University, Seoul, Korea
ddown98@jbnu.ac.kr

As global warming accelerates, many consumers have a growing negative perception of livestock products,
especially beef. Techniques list collection and analysis were performed to suggest the direction of reduce carbon
technology for the domestic beef industry, and to explore sustainable production, distribution and consumption
technologies throughout the entire process of beef production-consumption.
References were collected based on recent research papers and national reports related to greenhouse gas reduction
in livestock products published in major beef producing countries. Among collected carbon reducing technologies
were screened to be applicable to domestic beef field, and all of selected technologies were organized by preharvest and post-harvest.
Applicable technologies on pre-harvest were improving the efficiency of input energy, reducing fossil fuels uses,
increasing livestock productivity, reducing enteric methan emission, sequestering carbon into the soil using biocha,
converting livestock manure into resources and collecting bio-methan of animal etc. Carbon reducign technologies
for post-harvest were efficiency of input energy, reducing fossil fuels uses, converting slaughter hous waste/waste
water to resource, using low carbon pacakage and improving/changing beef consumption routine (lower foodwasts, longer expire date etc.). Numerous references suggested various ways to reduce the negative environmental
impact of consumption of animal protein, however, most of applicable technomogies was focused on pre-harvest
part. Also post-harvest technologies were limited to processing and distribution.
If setting more comprihansive meaning of carbon reducing technologies, and developing the technologies
improving/changing beef consumption routine in the consumption stage of the beef life cycle, that will be a wayof encouraging consumer sustainable choice in the production-distribution-consumption on beef. (for example.
promotion of consume of essential animal protein by providing consumer trait information of beef on carbonreducing animal protein).
Keywords: beef, sustainable beef production, reduce GHG, sustainable consumption, customer trait				

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PP4-2

The impact of climate event scenarios affecting the
production of whole crop maize in Korea
M Kim, CE Kim, D Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, BW Kim and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
lunardevil@kangwon.ac.kr

This study aimed to assess the impact of climate event scenarios on the production of whole crop maize (WCM).
WCM data (n = 3,232) including cultivated year, location, seeding date, harvesting date, etc. were collected from
reports of new variety adaptability. The climate events were surveyed based on weather warning records fromthe weather information system of the Korea Meteorological Administration, such as typhoons, heavy rainfall,drought, and tropical night. Then, the difference in dry matter yield (DMY) by the presence or absence of climate
events was confirmed by the t-test with a 5% significance level. As a result, the difference in DMY was clear forthe heavy rainfall and tropical night (p < 0.05). In particular, the damage in DMY by heavy rainfall was greatest, as
2,319.8 kg/ha. Where, the event was the case of recording heavy rainfall warnings more than four times. Rather, it
was found that when drought occurs, DMY increased by 1,849.9 kg/ha. It means, in Korea, that damage in DMY
of WCM by climate events is more likely to occur when it is related to precipitation than temperature. This study
was carried out to assess the impact of climate event scenarios on the DMY of WCM, and it can be helpful to makea guideline for its vulnerability in Korea.
Keywords: whole crop maize, climate event scenario, dry matter yield

This study was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of
Korea funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF- 2022R1C1C1004618).

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PP4-4

The difference in production of whole crop maize between
normal and extreme climate scenarios in Korea
M Kim, CE Kim, D Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, BW Kim and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
lunardevil@kangwon.ac.kr

This study aimed to assess the difference in production of whole crop maize (WCM) between normal andextreme climate scenarios. WCM data (n = 3,232) were collected from reports of new variety adaptability, andmeteorological data were collected from a weather information system. In order to confirm extreme scenario, mean
temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, and wind speed from seeding to harvesting were used based on early,
middle, and late periods using outliers in the box plots. Where, the climatic variables were mutually independent.
Then, to compare dry matter yield (DMY) between normal and abnormal, a t-test with 5% significance level was
performed. As a result, the extreme climate scenarios were as follows: mid-July for temperature, mid-Jun, lateJune, mid-July and early-September for precipitation, late-May, mid-July and late-July for sunshine duration, andearly-May, late-May, early-July and mid-August for wind speed. In particular, the difference in DMY between
normal and extreme climate scenarios was greatest in precipitation of early-July, as 2,445.04 kg/ha (p < 0.05).
Not only the Korean monsoon season but also typhoons accompanied by heavy rainfall occur in earl-July, so itmeans that there is a high possibility of damage to DMY of WCM after silking stage. This study was performed toconfirm the impact of extreme climate scenarios on the DMY of WCM, and it can be helpful to make a guideline
for its vulnerability in Korea.
Keywords: whole crop maize, extreme climate scenario, dry matter yield
This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science andICT (NRF- 2022R1C1C1004618).

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PP4-6

Comparison of seed and straw productivity according to
Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) varieties insouthern Korea
JG Kim1,2, HJ Kim2, YF Li1, LL Wang1, YS Yu1 and A Farhad2
1

Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University,
Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology, SNU, Pyeongchang, Korea
forage@snu.ac.kr

Italian ryegrass is a representative forage crop produced and used in South Korea. This experiment was toinvestigate the productivity, agronomic properties and forage qualities of Italian ryegrass varieties in South
Korea. Four varieties of Italian ryegrass: Greencall, Greenfarm, Kowinearly and Kowiner, were sown in Jinju,
Gyoengsang-do on May 26, 2020 with seeding distance of 20 cm. Experimental plots were randomized block
design and the size was 6 m2. Kowiner had the highest lodging resistance (p < 0.05). The lodging resistance ofGreenfarm, GreenCall and Kowinearly were significantly higher than Kowiner (p < 0.05). Greenfarm had thelowest emergence rate. Among four varieties, Kowinearly had the highest plant height, spike length, spikelet No.
and seed No. per spike, tiller No.per m2 and straw yield. Greenfarm had the largest seeds weight per spike andspike No. per stem although it had fewer spikelet No./spike. Greenfarm had the highest seed fresh and dry matteryield whereas Kowiner was the lowest and it had the lowest stem No. and spikes No. per m2, spikes No. per stemand tiller No. per m2. The stem No. and spike No. per m2 of Greencall were the highest (p < 0.05). The NDF and
ADF of Kowinearly straw were significantly higher and the IVDMD, TDN and RFV were significantly lower thanthe other three varieties. Although Kowiner straw had the highest nutritional value, it was caused by late maturity.
Overall, these result indicated Greenfarm had better agronomic characteristics, seed and straw productivity andfeed value of straw.
Keywords: Italian ryegrass varieties, productivity, agronomic characteristics, spike

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Animal Science Congress

PP4-8

Effect of silo filling time on quality and fermentation
characteristics of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorumLam.) silage
LL Wang1, YS Ryu1, YF Li1, HJ Kim2 and JG Kim1,2
1

Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology,
Pyeongchang, Korea
forage@snu.ac.kr

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of silo filling time on forage quality and fermentation
characteristics of Italian ryegrass (IRG) silage. The IRG materials were wilted 2 days after harvested. Silages
were prepared after 0, 1, 3 and 5 d of delay and then filled into 20 liters experimental silos with around 4 kg ofthem. These silos were kept at room temperature (20‒25℃) and analyzed the quality of silages after 60 days offermentation. Before ensiling, the 5 days-delay treatments had the highest dry matter (DM) contents, while neutral
detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) and total digestible nutrients(TDN) contents did not differ (p > 0.05). After 60 days of ensiling, the DM content and pH value of IRG silages
were increased with increasing delay filled time, but lactic acid content was decreased. However, there were noeffects on NDF, ADF, IVDMD, and TDN contents (p > 0.05) with the delay filled time. Among them, the 3 daysdelay treatments had the highest NDF and ADF contents, and the 5-days delay treatments had the highest IVDMD
and TDN contents. These results confirmed that the delay filled time had no significant effect on the forage quality,
but had bad effects on the silage fermentation quality.
Keywords: filling time, forage quality, silage fermentation, IRG

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PP4-10Effect of cutting length on quality and fermentation
characteristics of Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.) silage
YF Li1, LL Wang1, YS Yu1, HJ Kim2, MJ Choi2 and JG Kim1,2
1

Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University,
Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology, SNU, Pyeongchang, Korea
forage@snu.ac.kr

Silage has become one of the main means of forage crop preservation and a major feed source for ruminants.
Research on silage is considerable and extensive but mostly focuses on additives. Therefore, the purpose of thisexperiment was to investigate the effect of different cutting lengths on 2 days-wilted Italian ryegrass silage. Italianryegrass was harvested on May 31 and then wilted in the field for two days and tedded every 2 hours during wilting
period. The wilted ryegrass materials were divided into three groups and cut into different lengths: 10, 20, 30 mm.
The cut Italian ryegrass were packed in plastic bags (about 250 g per bag) and vacuum packed. After 60 days,
samples were taken for analysis. Cutting length had no effect on dry matter content (p > 0.05), but the feed values
tended to decrease with increasing cutting length in raw materials. Italian ryegrass silage at 30 mm cutting length
had the lowest acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and highest total digestible nutrients (TDN)
after ensiling. The longer the cutting length, the higher the feed value of the silage (p < 0.05), whereas there wasno difference in pH and organic acid concentration (p > 0.05). The acetic acid and butyric acid were not detected.
Two days-wilted Italian ryegrass silage at 30 mm cutting length had higher feed values but the cutting length has
no effect on the silage quality (p > 0.05).
Keywords: Italian ryegrass, silage, quality, cutting length302

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Animal Science Congress

PP4-12

Effects of temperature variability and mixture ratio on
forage yield and quality of mix cropping of
Italian ryegrass and rye in Korea
HS Park, MR Oh, SH Yang, KC Choi and BH Lee
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea
anpark69@korea.kr

Mix cropping of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiforum) and rye (Secale cereale) may improve forage production andquality in the highland field. In this study, the effects of different mixture rates of Italian ryegrass and winter ryeseeds on forage yield and quality were evaluated in northern, central, and southern regions in Korea. Treatments
included 40-0, 40-30, 40-50, 40-70, and 0-200 kg ha-1 of Italian ryegrass (I) and rye (R) seeds, respectively. Results
showed that the highest total annual forage dry matter (DM) yield was obtained from I40R70 with an average valueof 10,433 kg ha-1 which had a significant difference with monoculture winter rye. DM yield was reduced when theseed rate proportion of winter rye decreased from 0 to 70 kg ha-1 in the additive series and the least DM yield was
obtained from monoculture Italian ryegrass. There were no significant differences between I40R30, I40R50, andI40R70. There were significant differences between additive series treatments and monoculture treatments. The
content of crude protein (CP) had no significant difference in the additive series and had significant differenceswith monoculture Italian ryegrass. The content of total digestibility nutrients (TDN) had no significant differencein the additive series and monoculture rye. Since rye and Italian ryegrass are strong cold tolerance and good quality
crops respectively, it is reasonable that less ratio of rye may be used in mix cropping for the stability of forage
production and quality in the northern-central region of Korea.
Keywords: cropping, rye, italian ryegrass, yield				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP4-14

Nutritional composition analysis of selected
fermented feedstuffs
EJ Escala1, AJ Barroga2, CN Mingala3, JA San Andres2, JR Undan2 and RR Rafael2
1

Capiz State University, Pontevedra, Capiz, Philippines, 2Central Luzon State University, Sci. Cityof Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines, 3Philippine Carabao Center, National Headquarters, Sci. Cityof Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
ejescala87@gmail.com

An 8x2 factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the improvement in the nutritional composition of
the selected locally available feedstuffs such as Azolla (Azolla pinnata), Madre de agua (Trichantera gigantea),
Cassava (Manihut esculenta) leaves and tuber with peel, Coconut residue (grated pulp), Water spinach (Ipomoea
aquatica), Wild banana (Musa acuminata) fruits, and Corn bran, fermented with 15% or without molasses (Factor
B). Nutrient composition was measured through proximate analysis, while mineral content was determined using
a spectrophotometer. The results showed that the addition of 15% molasses decreased pH while the ash content of
Coconut residue, Water spinach, Wild banana, and Corn bran increased. It also increased the potassium content of
Water spinach, the calcium content of Azolla, Cassava leaves, Coconut residue, Water spinach and Wild banana,and the magnesium content of the different feedstuffs except for Wild banana. Crude protein content also increased
with molasses inclusion in Azolla, Madre de Agua, and Cassava leaves. The dry matter content of feedstuffs was
not influenced by molasses inclusion. Ether extract of Azolla, Water spinach, Wild banana, Cassava tuber, and Cornbran were significantly increased by fermentation without molasses. Nitrogen-free extract of the different feedstuffs
was not significantly affected by the fermentation method except for corn bran. The addition of 15% molasses in
the fermentation of locally available feedstuffs may improve nutritional contents based on the result of this study.
Keywords: fermentation, feedstuffs, nutrient composition

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Animal Science Congress

PP4-16

Evaluation of growth characteristics and dry matter yield ofsummer emergency forage crops
BH Lee, KC Choi, SH Yang and HS Park
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan, Korea
leebaehun@korea.kr

Evaluation of growth characteristics and dry matter yield of summer emergency forage crops. This study was
conducted to select emergency forage resources and evaluate their growth characteristics and dry matter yield forthe stable forage supply in response to abnormal summer climate. In this study, forage crops were barnyard millet(Echinochloa species, cv. Shirohie and Jeju native), proso millet (Panicum miliaceum, cv. Native), and pearl millet(Pennisetum glaucum, cv. Feed milk 2). The experiment was conducted in the test field at the National Institute ofAnimal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea. The seedingdate was twice, which were on May 21 (1st seeding) and June 21 (2nd seeding). The seeding rate was 20 kg/ha
for each seed, and the amount of fertilizer was 80-200-70 kg/ha of N-P-K. The dry matter yield was 7.6 tons/hafor barnyard millet (early-heading), 23.9 tons/ha for barnyard millet (late-heading), 9.8 tons/ha for proso millet,
and 11.7 tons/ha for pearl millet, which was higher in the 1st seeding than the 2nd seeding. The crude protein
concentrations were about 11.2‒11.4% for barnyard millet (early-heading), 5.9‒5.7% for barnyard millet (lateheading), 5.7‒10.4% for proso millet, and 6.0‒9.5% for pearl millet. This study judged that the possibility of
expanding domestic cultivation is high as it is easy to secure seeds as domestic genetic resources.
Keywords: emergency forage, forage yield, warm season grass				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP4-18

Effects of cultivars on chemical composition, in vitro
digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristic ofsprouted grains
SM Jeong1, MJ Seo1, YH Joo1, SS Lee2, DHV Paradhipta3 and SC Kim1
1

Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus, Insti. of Agric. & Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju, Korea, 2Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal
Science, Wanju 55365, Korea, 3Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty ofAnimal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55218, Indonesia
tmdals8077@naver.com

This study aimed to estimate the effect of cultivars on chemical compositions, in vitro digestibilities, and rumen
fermentation characteristics of sprouted grains. Three wheat (Arriheuk, Saekeumkang, and Jokyoung) and a barley(Keunalbori) varieties were cultivated for 6 days in triplicates using the hydroponic system. Approximately 1 kgof sprouted grains were dried at 55℃ for 48 h and ground to pass 1 mm screen for the chemical compositions
and rumen fermentation characteristics. Rumen fluid from cannulated Hanwoo heifer was mixed with Van Soest
medium at a 1:2 ratio. Sprouted grains (0.3 g) with the mixture of rumen fluid (30 mL) were placed into the
incubation bottles in quadruplicates and incubated for 0, 24, and 48 h at 39℃. After incubation, the bottle contents
were centrifuged to collect the supernatant for rumen fermentation characteristics and the residues for in vitro
digestibilities of dry matter (IVDMD) and organic matter (IVOMD). Crude protein concentration was highest (p <0.05) in Jokyoung, but lowest (p < 0.05) in Arriheuk and Saekeumkang. The concentrations of crude ash, neutral
detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were lower (p < 0.05) in Arriheuk and Saekeumkang than in Keunalbori.
The IVDMD and IVOMD were lower (p < 0.05) in Saekeumkang than those in Keunalbori, Arriheuk, andJokyoung. After 48 h incubation, rumen pH was highest (p < 0.05) in Jokyoung, while ammonia-N was lower (p <0.05) in Saekeumkang compare to Keunalbori and Jokyoung. Therefore, this study could conclude that Jokyoung
had higher feed values than Arriheuk and Saekeumkang, but similar to Keunalbori.
Keywords: rumen fermentation characteristic, sprouted grain, wheat306

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-20Potential of different Lactococcus lactis from whole crop
rice as silage additives for improving fermentation qualityof soybean
K Muthusamy, I Soundharrajan, JS Jung and KC Choi
Grassland and Forage division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Cheonan, Korea
choiwh@korea.kr

A rich source of crude protein and low fiber content in soybeans makes them suitable for use as hay or silage.
Commercial protein meal concentrates can be offset by soybeans. In the present study, the lactic acid bacteria
Lactococcus lactis RWP3 and RWP7 were isolated and studied for their effects on the fermentation of whole crop
soybean. The experimental samples were divided into three groups, such as group I control without LAB, group
II sample inoculated with RWP3, and group III sample inoculated with RWP7. It was sealed off by a vacuum
machine after the air was removed. The samples were stored at room temperature for a period of six months.
The control group had higher pH values (p < 0.05) and lower levels of lactic acid (p < 0.05) while the samples
inoculated with RWP3 and RWP7 markedly reduced the pH values (p < 0.05) of the samples and increased thelevels of lactic acid concentration than the control group (p < 0.05). However, the levels of acetic acid and butyricacid were almost similar between the experimental silages. In contrast, the RWP7 treatment significantly reduced
the levels of butyric acid in the silage (p < 0.05) compared to the other two groups. All of the experimental groups
showed similar nutrient profiles in terms of acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and crude
protein (CP). Overall, the data showed that the addition of LAB significantly enhanced the acidification and lactic
acid content of silages, supporting the use of RWP3 and RWP7 as potential soybean silage additives.
Keywords: soybean, silage fermentation, Lactococcus lactis, nutrient profile

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PP4-22The market survey of ingredients in pet food
HJ Jang1, JL Chun2, YB Park3 and SH Lee3
1

Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup, Korea,
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 3WOOGENE B&G CO.,LTD., Hwaseong, Korea

2

316wkd@cialm.or.kr

More than 40 essential nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, essential fatty acids, proteins, and carbohydrates
have been identified for cats and dogs. Most commercially prepared pet foods are complete and balanced foodmeaning each serving meets a pet’s total nutritional needs and provides essential nutrients at the proper levels. An
ingredient in a pet food recipe can serve as a source for many of these nutrients. Most of the nutritional evaluationof pet food is based on crude proteins, crude fat, and calorific value, and there is hardly any evaluation of feed
efficiency after actual feeding. In particular, there has been no research on the energy use rate of pets for feeding
raw materials used in pet food. This study aimed to survey the ingredients supplied as the main energy sources suchas proteins, fats, and carbohydrates currently in circulation. In this study, feed ingredients with high frequency ofuse were investigated based on the population feed composition of major feed companies. For feed raw materials
that are mainly used, five or more pet food factories with a daily production capacity of 20 tons or more wereselected and the raw materials frequently used for dogs and cats were investigated. After that, the physicochemical
profile of each feed material was prepared and the nutritional value of the feed material actually used for pets wasanalyzed. This study can be utilized as basic information for pet food manufacturing.
Keywords: cat, dog, ingredient, pet food308

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-24Development of calculation method of GHGs removal
according to management methods from LULUCFgrassland sector in South Korea
JS Jung and BH Lee
National Institute of Animal Science
jjs3873@korea.ac.kr

The soil carbon sequestration though impoved grassland management practices could be a significant GHGs
removal strategy. The Soil organic carbon sequestration can vary greatly depending on soil types (volcanic clay,
low activity, sandy) and climate condition. Thefore, the object of this study is to calculate GHGs removal according
to management method of grassland in Soth Korea. According to IPCC 2006 guideline, there are three types ofmanagement methods in grassland : 1. Nominally management (represent non-degraded and sustainably managed
grassland, but without significant management improvements); 2. Improved grassland (represent grassland wich issustainably manged with moderate grazing pressure and that receive at leat one improvement such as fertilization,
species improvement, irrigation; 3. Implies major long-term loss of productivity and vegetation cover, due tosever mechanical damage to the vegetation and/or severe soil erosion). In South Korea, grassland grades were
didvided into three categories based on grassland productivity though investigation (high, medium, and low). In
2019, ratio of grassland management grade was high 30.2%, medium 33.4%, low 36.4%. As a result of reflection
the management grasdes, the amount of soil carbon removal was 7.26 tonne C ha-1 and it was 6.7% lower than notreflecting the management grades.

This work was carried out with the support of “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science &Technology Development (Project title: Development of estimation and assessment methods for carbon stockchange in the perennial mixed grasslands, Project No. PJ014923032022)” Rural Development Administration,
Republic of Korea

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PP4-26

Changes in fermentation characteristics and microfloraof corn silage according to Lactobacillus plantarum
inoculation and storage period
BR Choi, JH Woo, SH Lee, KW Lee, EA Lim and MR Oh
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 31000, Korea
qaz8715@korea.kr

Corn has a high yield per unit area and high nutrient content, and is particularly high sugar content, making itsuitable for silage. Corn silage is expected to differ in quality depending on additive treatment and storage period,
but related domestic studies are insufficient. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the quality ofsilage according to bacterial inoculation and storage period. The inoculation treatment was treated with a lactic
acid bacteria additive (Jungnong Bio Inc., Korea) containing Lactobacillus Plantarum at a rate of 2 g per ton ofsilage, and the control was not treated. After 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of storage, about 500 g of silage was taken to
analyze the fermentation characteristics and microflora. The pH of silage sample was measured to be around 3.8.
As a result of organic acid analysis, which is highly related to the quality of silage, lactic acid content tended tobe higher in the inoculation than in the control except for 3 months of storage. As for the change of the microflorain the silage according to the inoculation of L. plantarum, the control group had the highest ratio of Deinococci,
and the inoculation group had the highest ratio of Bacilli at 12 months of storage. Therefore, it is judged that
inoculation of L. plantarum affects the fermentation characteristics of silage and changes in the microbial flora,
and further research is needed under various conditions to clarify the relationship between silage quality andmicroorganisms.
Keywords: silage, additive, fermentation, microbiome

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Animal Science Congress

PP4-28Calculation of WCM damage through RCP4.5 and machinelearning model in abnormal climate and its mapping
JS Choi1, HW Jo1, MK Kim1, JY Kim1, MH Jo1, M Kim1, SA Lee2,
KD Kim3, BW Kim1 and KI Sung1
1

Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea,
3
Gangwondo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea
js961112@kangwon.ac.kr

This study was conducted to set abnormal climate using the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP)
climate change scenario and calculate the amount of damage to the nationwide whole crop maize (WCM)
through a machine learning. The collected WCM data was 3,232. The climate data was collected from the Korea
Meteorological Administration's meteorological data open portal. The machine learning model used Deep Crossing.
RCP data were collected from detailed future climate information for agriculture by city and county issued by
the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science of the Rural Development Administration. The normal
climate was set as the 40-year of climate data according to the year of WCM data (1978‒2017). Abnormal climate
was calculated through fluctuation value. The fluctuation value was set as the difference between future climate
2050 or 2100 of RCP 4.5 and 2020. Abnormal climate was set as the normal climate plus fluctuation value. The
calculation of damage was the difference between the DMYnormal and DMYabnormal. As a result of calculating
the damage of WCM according to the abnormal climate in each region, the monthly average temperature in 2050
showed an increasing trend in most regions, and 2100 years increased in all regions. The amount of damage caused
by precipitation did not tend to be more pronounced than the amount of damage caused by the average monthly
temperature. Therefore, in the RCP 4.5 scenario, it was found that the monthly average temperature had a greater
effect on the damage amount of WCM than on precipitation.
Keywords: RCP4.5, damage of whole crop maize, abnormal climate, machine learning				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP4-30Detection of Italian ryegrass lodging using UAV's
spectral sensor
SH Yang, HS Park, KC Choi, JS Jung and DW Cheon
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea
y64h@korea.kr

Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.; IRG) is the most popular forage crop in the south-central regions of
Korea. Crop lodging has been regarded as a key indicator for determining harvest timing, in the absence of any
unfavorable condition related to weather, cultivar, and fertility. Conventionally, crop lodging is evaluated visuallyand scored using manual rating methods for limited cultivation area. In this context, remote sensing by unmanned
aerial vehicle (UAV) has been developed to monitor vegetation changes based on spectral data. Thus, this study
was conducted to detect IRG lodging using spectral characteristics. The test field located at the National Instituteof Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea was sown with IRG cultivar "KOWINEARLY" on September 27, 2020. A
Headwall Micro-E series camera was mounted on the Matrice 600 hexacopter to acquire hyperspectral imagery
ranged within 400‒1,000 nm wavelength during the period of April 9 to July 2, 2021. Threshold pixel for thedetection was set by comparing the RGB and hyperspectral reflectance maps. The VI equations relating to thedetection of plant pigments near the heading stage helped identify the IRG lodging. Our result further showed thatplant length and height crossed over 1 week prior to confirmation. Furthermore, it was observed that dry mattervolume increased with simultaneous decrease in vegetable moisture from lodging point. The result revealed IRG
time-series lodging data using modified VI based hyperspectral data that indicated potential scope of application of
optical analysis for investigating vegetation changes at a specific growth stage.
Keywords: Italian ryegrass, lodging, vegetation index, UAV

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Animal Science Congress

PP4-32

Vegetation survey on winter forage crop using
green leaf index
SH Yang1, HS Park1, KC Choi1, JS Jung1 and DW Cheon1
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea
y64h@korea.kr

Remote sensing can effectively estimate the growth process and condition of crops during cultivation. Since
unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are suitable for their timeliness and specific area investigations have emerged,
recent research has been conducted to diagnose the growth status of crops using optical sensors equipped with
UAV. Therefore, this research was conducted to develop the aerial remote sensing method using Green Leaf Index(GLI) based on red, green and blue (RGB) imagery for winter forage crops. This study was carried out at threesites on a commercial farm in Korea. Aerial data were obtained by UAV mounted RGB camera and processed to
calculate the GLI value. Plant species, plant height, and tiller numbers were investigated. Site 1 cultivated rye (19.9± 0.72 cm) and exhibited a plant height higher than the other two sites with Italian ryegrass (site 2, 11.3 ± 0.37; site
3, 10.7 ± 0.21) (p < 0.05). The tiller number in site 3 (2.7 ± 0.15) was significantly lower than in site 1 (3.6 ± 0.16)
and site 2 (3.8 ± 0.13). After we defined subsets of homogeneous regions of interest (ROI) with GLI value (≥ 0.02),
pixel numbers of ROI were counted to calculate the area of the sites. Site 2 had the highest pixel number, reflecting
the real cultivation area. The pattern of maximum GLI value was similar to the result of the tiller number, eventhough it was reported that GLI is likely related to the jointing stage. Our results showed that the low price RGB
camera of the UAV can be used to monitor crop characteristics conveniently.
Keywords: winter forage crop, growth, GLI, UAV				

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PP4-34

Grasslandgraphy as discipline for grassland science
B Park1 and JD Kim1,2
1

Changrim LTD., Jeju, Korea, 2Yonam College, Cheonan, Korea
y3973@naver.com

This study is to develop new discipline related to 'grassland science'. New borned disciplines have been specified
through the development of academic definitions, one-word term and framework. The definition of grasslandgraphy
can be divided into 1st, 2nd and 3rd definitions. The tertiary definition is that grasslandgraphy is a logical andobjective knowledge system which includes specific agronomic, zootechnic and humanic contents related tograssland. In detail, here specific agronomic contents are the knowledge and technologies as the development
management and useage of grassland, here zootechnic contents are the knowledge and technolois as Physiologicalchanges in livestock due to pasture, grassland-livestock Ecology, here humanic contents as curing grassland andrelation among human, grass, etc. The academic structure of grassland science is composed of sub-disciplines
such as Theory on grassland development and Theory on grassland environment, and enables grassland science
to exchange academically with other disciplines horizontally and maintain independence as a discipline. In orderfor grassland science to secure expandability and convergence as a science, a one-word term is required, and it issuggested that the one-word term is grasslandaphy. The reason for this is that it has striking commonalities with thephilosophy and geography disciplines. This is because it is not a simple logics of grassland itself or the nature of astudy that complexly summarizes the phenomena occurring in grassland, but mainly aims to create animalistic andhealing agricultural values based on grassland.
Keywords: grasslandgraphy, discipline structure, grassland science314

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Animal Science Congress

PP4-36

Monitoring of 3 mycotoxins in domestically manufactured
and distributed feed and imported feed by LC-MS/MS
D Kim, H Kim, SH Lee, E Jang, TW Na, Y Seon, J Kim and H Cho
Experiment & Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality
Management Service, Gimcheon, Korea
dj9475@korea.kr

Mycotoxins are toxic food (or feed) contaminants that are naturally produced by certain fungi. By ingesting toxic
food (or feed) contaminants, they induce negative effects on the health of human and animals. This study was
conducted to determine the content of 3 mycotoxins (aflatoxin (B1, B2, G1, G2), ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol)using LC-MS/MS in domestically manufactured and distributed feed and imported feed. A total of 444 feed
samples (domestic feed n = 162, imported feed n = 282) were collected in 2021. For the analysis method, thefeed standard analysis method was used. As a result, the detection rates of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A for which
standards have been established were 2.3% as fed (10 samples) and 1.4% as fed (6 samples). Also, the detection
rate of deoxynivalenol, a recommended ingredient for management, was 11.7% as fed (52 samples) and theaverage detection value was 695.8 ug/kg. In particular, in the case of aflatoxins, the intensive management will be
required in processed by-products such as grains. The information obtained from monitoring will be used as basic
data in the setting of standards in the future.
Keywords: mycotoxin, LC-MS/MS, monitoring				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP4-38

Effect of elevated temperature due to climate change on
overwintering characteristics of Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)
CW Min1, MJ Kim1, IK Yoon1, JS Jung2 and BH Lee1
1

Division of Applied Life Science (BK21) and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science (IALS),
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Grassland and Forage Division, National Instituteof Animal Science, RDA, Chonan, Korea
2018210053@gnu.ac.kr

Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is one of the major winter forage crops grown mainly in winter in
Korea. An increase in temperature due to climate change may increase the northern limit of winter cultivationof Italian ryegrass in Korea. However, insufficient exposure to low temperatures during the wintering periodof young seedlings may cause insufficient cold acclimatization, and consequently affect the overwintering rate
and vernalization. In this study, we investigated the effect of elevated temperature on overwintering for Italianryegrass in the field condition. Italian ryegrass was grown during winter either in the OTC (open-top chamber)field with a higher temperature than ambient condition or in the ambient control field, and their photosynthetic
and physiological characteristics were analyzed. The photosynthetic parameter Fv/Fm was no difference between
treatments. However, the growth rate and dry matter yield of Italian ryegrass during the winter period were higher
when grown in OTC compared to the ambient control group. Lethal temperature for 50% of the test population[LT50] of seedlings after overwintering was 3℃ higher in the OTC regime than in the control group. The watersoluble carbohydrate (WSC) content in the crown tissue of Italian ryegrass was lower in the OTC regime than in
the control group. These results demonstrate that the degree of exposure temperature during the winter growing
season of Italian ryegrass could affect cold acclimatization.
Keywords: climate change, cold tolerance, Italian ryegrass, overwintering

316

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-40Effect of cultivar, plant spacing, and harvesting ageof purple Napier grass on forage yield, morphologicalcharacteristics, and chemical compositions
S Paengkoum1, N Onjai-uea2 and P Paengkoum2
1

Program in Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat
University, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, 2School of Animal Technology andInnovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Muang,
Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
siwaporn.p@nrru.ac.th

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cultivar, plant spacing, and harvesting age of purple
Napier grass on forage yield, morphological characteristics, chemical composition, and anthocyanin composition.
The experiment had three factors: the first was two grass cultivars, Napier Pakchong 1 (Pennisetum purpureum
cv. Pakchong 1) and purple Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum 'Prince'); the second was three spaces, 50 × 50,
50 × 75, and 75 × 75 cm; and the third factor was three harvesting ages (45, 60, and 75 days), which were planted
in experimental plots (5 × 5 m2) and harvested after re-growth cutting. Data collection of this experiment includes
morphological characteristics, forage yields, chemical compositions, and anthocyanin compositions. Purple Napiergrass had a higher number of tillers per plant than Napier Pakchong1 grass. The LSR value (leaf/stem ratio) was
influenced by the interaction of cultivar × plant spacing × harvesting age, Purple Napier grass planted 75 × 75 cm
for 45 days had the highest LSR value. The crude protein content, purple Napier grass, the grass planted 75 × 75
cm, and the grass at 45 days were significantly higher than the other treatments. Purple Napier grass planted at 75
× 75 cm at 45 days had the highest (p < 0.05) anthocyanin content. Purple Napier grass planted 75 × 75 cm with45 days would contain the proper number of tillers per plant, LSR value, chemical composition for ruminants, andhighest anthocyanin composition.
Keywords: cultivar, forage yield, harvesting age, purple napier grass				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP5-2

The impact of photoperiod on broiler performance, serum
profile and stress level
HJ Kim, JS Son, JJ Jeon, HS Kim, YS Yun, HK Kang and EC Hong
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea
khj0175@korea.kr

Understanding the role of light (such as photoperiod program and light intensity) in regulating broiler growth
performance and the stress response is becoming highly important. The aim of this study was to examine theeffect of photoperiod on growth performance, serum profile, and stress and immune level. A total number of
336 Ross 308 seven-day-old male broiler chicks were divided randomly into four equal groups (84 birds pertreated group with 4 replicates). For 4 weeks, the first group received continuous light (24 L), the second andthird groups received 18 h continuous lighting (18 L) and 8 h continuous lighting (8L) respectively, and the final
group received intermittent light (4 L:2 D). The 8L group decreased body weight, weight gain, and feed intake
significantly compared to the 24 L and 4 L:2 D groups (p < 0.05), but 18L group no significant difference fromthe other groups. There was no significant difference in leukocyte, erythrocyte, and platelets except heterophils:
lymphocytes (H:L) ratio among the 4 treatment groups. The H:L ratio, interleukin-6, and corticosterone in the 18
L group were significantly reduced than in the 24 L and 4 L:2 D group (p < 0.05). In terms of health and stress, the18 h continuous lighting was superior to 24 h continuous lighting and intermittent lighting for broiler chickens.
Therefore, it may be beneficial to base the 18 h continuous lighting on welfare.
Keywords: broiler, welfare, photoperiod, light, heterophils, lymphocytes, corticosterone318

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP5-4

Correlations between prepartum nest-building behaviour
and postpartum maternal characteristics in crated sows
HU Shin1, YH Kim1, HL Jeon1, JS Kim1, JH Lee1, KW Kang2, JW Kang2 and J Yun1
1

Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, 2Swine ResearchCenter, Sunjin R&D Institute, Sunjin Co. Ltd., Korea
173543@jnu.ac.kr

This study was to investigate the correlations between prepartum nest-building behaviour and postpartum maternal
characteristics in crated sows with or without the provision of nesting materials. We hypothesized that providing
nesting materials that can stimulate prepartum nest-building behaviour could enhance postpartum carefulness andnursing behaviour in the crated sows. At a week before farrowing, 29 sows (19 Landrace and 10 Yorkshire) weretransported to farrowing crate system and randomly assigned to 3 treatments : C) Control : no nesting material(n = 9), S) Sling belt : one sling belt horizontally tied in front of feeding trough (n = 9), and ST) Sling belt andcotton towel : one sling belt and a supplemental cotton towel tied in front of feeding trough (n = 11). Sows andtheir piglets were video-recorded from one day before parturition to four days after parturition, in order to monitor
prepartum nest-building behaviour (i.e., rooting, pawing, foraging, and sniffing), and postpartum carefulness score
and nursing behaviour. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to test all the correlations in this study. We foundno correlations between prepartum nest-building behaviour and postpartum carefulness score (p = 0.47) or nursing
behaviour including total and successful nursing (p = 0.2, p = 0.55, respectively). In addition, interrupetd nursing
behaviour also showed no significant correlation with prepartum nest-building behaviour (p = 0.34). Therefore,
contrary to our expectation, the present results may suggest that the benefit of activating prepartum nest-building
behaviour by provision of nesting materials on postpartum maternal characteristics cannot be ensured when thesows were confined during parturition and lactation in the crating system.
Keywords: pig welfare, nesting material, carefulness behaviour, nursing behaviour				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP5-6

The provision of the sling belt as a nesting material in
farrowing crates: their effects on sow prepartum behavior
HL Jeon1, YH Kim1, JH Lee1, JS Kim1, HI Choi1, KW Kang2, JW Kang2 and J Yun1
1

Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, 2Swine ResearchCenter, Sunjin R&D Institute, Sunjin Co. Ltd., Korea
195782@jnu.ac.kr

Prepartum nest-building behavior of sows plays an essential role in farrowing and lactating performance.
However, due to lack of space, materials, or both, the sows confined in the crating system have restrictions onsuch behavioral expressions, leading to poor welfare with an increase in abnormal behavior including bar-biting.
This study was conducted to evaluate the availability of the sling belt as nesting materials in the crating system.
We housed 29 sows (19 L, 10 Y) in the farrowing crate (0.8 × 2.0 m) one week before parturition, and allocated tothree groups, 1) C (n = 9): no nesting materials were provided, 2) S (n = 11): a sling belt was horizontally tied in
front of the feeding trough, 3) ST (n = 10): a sling belt and towel horizontally tied in front of the feeding trough.
Nest-building and bar-biting behavior for 24 h before parturition were determined by video observation withthree trained researchers. The sows in ST showed a longer duration of nest-building than the sows in S or C (p <0.0001). Moreover, nest-building frequency of the ST sows tended to be higher than the other groups (p = 0.05).
On the other hand, sows in C showed higher frequency of bar-biting than S and ST (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, ourresults may suggest that the provision of the sling belt can improve welfare of the crated sows and thus may have apotential to improve their farrowing and lactating performance.
Keywords: sow welfare, nest-building, bar-biting, instinctive behavior

320

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP5-8

Prevalence of tail biting and scoring tail diameter atslaughtered pigs as animal welfare model ofswine industry in Korea
YC Lee, SJ Han and JH Han
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
hanjh@kangwon.ac.kr

The disharmony between the natural needs of pigs and the life afforded to those raised industrially has encounteredmany animal welfare problems. Behavioral abnormalities, such as tail biting, arise due to stressful environment.
The prevalence of tail biting can be a reflection of the housing systems and management practices in a region
or country. The aim of this survey was to assess the prevalence and severity of tail damage and to examine thelength and the diameter of docked tails for indicator to animal welfare at pig farm in Korea. Three abattoirs (A,B and C) were selected through referring total farm outcomes of provinces (LSY, PSY and MSY; A > B > C). At
the abattoirs, total 1,000 tails were surveyed about tail length, tail diameter and degree of tail biting. First, theexamined tail lengths were divided into 3 groups according to range of tail length calculated through the referredintact tail length. Second, those tails also divided into 3 groups according to the abattoirs. The results showedthat 4.3% of total 1,000 tails had bitten injuries. There was significant association between provinces and the tail
biting injury. Al so, there was significant relationship in tail length and diameter. In conclusion, the results indicatethat the occurrence of tail biting was not affected by the tail length, however, might be influenced by the housing
systems and management practices in the province. And scoring the tail injury and diameter may be useful as
welfare surveillance tools in pig farms.
Table 1. The relationship between tail length and provinceGroup

LengthProvince

Variables

Number of pigs

Tail biting score
No injury

Injury% of injury

Mean tail length(cm)

Mean tail diameter
(cm)

Short

170

162

8

4.7

6.4

1.8

Medium

694

665

29

4.2

11.1

1.6
1.2

Long

136

130

6

4.4

17.8

A

600

587

13

2.2

11.3

B

250

236

14

5.6

10.8

C

150

134

16

10.7

11.3

* Data are presented as proportion of pigs or the mean value, as well as the overall standard deviation and the p value.

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PP5-10Effect of crating density in transit on carcass traits andmeat quality of broilers considering animal welfare duringcold weather
M Yu, EO Oketch, YB Kim, E Nurdinov, Y Vohobjonov and JM Heo
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
tomymh@cnu.ac.kr

Transportation and its associated factors such as length of transportation and crating density induce immediate
stress in poultry that could trigger both physiological and metabolic responses potentially leading to undesirable
changes in meat quality. The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of different crating densities
on the meat quality of broilers. A total of 300 35-day-old Ross 308 broilers (average body weight 1.76 kg) were
picked at random after applying 4 hours of feed withdrawal before catching. The birds were then transported in
the truck (capacity of 30 crates) in crates having dimensions of 1 m × 0.78 m × 0.26 m. The birds were placed incrates under five different crating densities as follow: 8 birds (10.3 bird/m2); 9 birds (11.5 bird/m2); 10 birds (12.8
bird/m2); 11 birds (14.1 bird/m2); 12 birds (15.4 bird/m2). Upon reaching the slaughtering facility, one bird fromeach replicate was picked to investigate the breast meat quality. Broilers transported at densities of 11 birds/crate
recorded the lowest values (p < 0.05) for the water-holding capacity (WHC), pH, and muscle redness comparedto those stocked at densities of 9 birds per crate. Lower WHC with more than 11 birds per crate resultantly led tohigher cooking loss with birds stocked at 11 and 12 birds per crate. No significant changes in the carcass traits were
noticed with the different crating densities. The stocking of fewer than 11 birds per crate is therefore recommended
to minimize undesirable changes that could negatively affect muscle quality.
Keywords: broiler, transportation, crating density, animal welfare322

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP5-12

Influence of toy and sex on stress related abnormal
behaviors and weight gain of finishing pigs
TH Park, JC Han, DM Ha and DH Kim
Division of Animal Science, Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University,
Jinju, Korea
dhkim61@gnu.ac.kr

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of toy on the stress reduction and the potential of welfare
improvement and weight gain in finishing pigs. Toy provision was expected to exert effects on stress related
behaviors including fighting, bothering, and feed competition. 128 finishing pigs (average initial weight 60 ± 1.4kg) were divided into four groups, female and castrated male, and toy provision and non-toy. The experimental unit
was pen, 4 replications for each treatment, and 8 finishing pigs were alocated in each pen. Toy group was provided
with two plastic container-shaped toys of 25 × 25 × 45 cm size, and about 500 g weight. The duration, frequency
of abnormal behaviors and weight gain during 2 weeks were compared among groups. The duration and frequencyof stress related behaviors was higher (p < 0.01) among the non-toy-using finishing pigs. Toy use displayed a clear
ability to reduce stress related behaviors among finishing pigs, however sex of finishing pigs no clear effect on the
duration of stress related behaviors. These behaviors were most frequently displayed (p < 0.01) in the afternoons
when the finishing pigs become most active, and were not affected by sex. Average daily weight gain and total
weight gain of castrated male were higher (p < 0.05) than that of female finishing pigs. However, there was nodifference in weight gain according to whether or not the toy provision.
Keywords: toy, sex, abnormal behavior, finishing pig

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP5-14

Soybean oil supplement enhances interaction of horses
with humans by changing the plasma concentration ofserotonin and cortisol
Seongmin Kim1 and Minjung Yoon1,2
1

Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, 37224,
Sangju, Korea, 2Department of Horse, Companion and Wild Animal Science, Kyungpook National
University, 37224, Sangju, Korea
minlinger@naver.com

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of soybean oil supplements on the interaction of horses with humans andthe plasma concentration of serotonin and cortisol. Six horses (431 ± 5.21 kg) of different breeds and sexes wererandomly divided into two groups. The 2-diets and 2-period cross-over experimental designs were used for thisstudy. The feed fed to horses in both groups was 2% of the individual’s body weight. In the oil-treated group,
soybean oil was supplemented at 1 mL/kg of body weight. Observation for the interaction of horses with humans
and blood collection was performed on days 1, 3, and 13. The plasma concentrations of serotonin and cortisol
were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Hematological analysis was conducted to monitor thehealth status of the horses. The two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted for data analysis
and a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The interaction of horses with humans and theplasma concentrations of serotonin were higher and cortisol was lower in the oil-treated group compared to thehorses without oil. The values of hematological parameters such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelet
were within the normal range meaning that no adverse effects from soybean oil. However, the value of the ratioof neutrophil to lymphocyte which is the stress indicator was out of the normal range in the non-oil treated groupof horses. Therefore, soybean oil supplements for horses can be used as a method for horses to enhance theirinteraction with humans.
Keywords: soybean oil, serotonin, cortisol, interaction324

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP5-16

The relationship between the plasma concentrations ofmelatonin and the behavioral temperament of horses
YB Song1, JY Kim1 and MJ Yoon1,2,3
1

Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department of Horse, Companion, and Wild Animal Science, Kyungpook National University,
Sangju, Korea, 3Research Center for Horse Industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
song970514@naver.com

An increase in the plasma concentration of melatonin in mammals can facilitate aggressive behavior. Horses witha high level of aggression can result in severe accidents. Horses involved in an accident tend to show a typicalbehavioral temperament. Based on these concepts, it is hypothesized that the plasma concentration of melatonin
may be related to the behavioral temperament of horses. The objective of this study was to identify the correlation
between plasma concentrations of melatonin in horses and the temperaments such as docility, affinity, trainability,and dominance. For this study, the blood samples of 32 horses were collected at the Horse Industry Complex
Center of Jeonju Kijeon College. The blood was collected from 9:00 and 21:00 with the same horses. The docility,
affinity, trainability, and dominance of horses were ranked. The ELISA analysis was conducted to measure theplasma concentration of melatonin. Three-way ANOVA with LSD post-hoc was performed to compare the plasma
concentration of melatonin with different breeds, ages, and sexes of horses. Linear regression was performed
to identify the correlation between the plasma concentration of melatonin and the ranking of docility, affinity,
trainability, and dominance. As a result, the plasma concentrations of melatonin were not significantly different
among the breeds, ages, or sexes. Furthermore, the plasma concentrations of melatonin were not significantly
correlated with the ranking of docility, affinity, trainability, and dominance. In conclusion, the plasma concentrationof melatonin may not be associated with the behavioral temperament of horses.
Key words: horses, plasma, melatonin, temperaments

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP5-18Meat and carcass characteristics of broiler chicken
subjected to with or without the level of electrical stunning,halal slaughter and subsequent bleeding
MA Dilawar1,2, ABMR Bostami1, HS Mun1,3 and CJ Yang1,2
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 3Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
ammar_dilawar@yahoo.com

With an emphasis on the ritual requirements of the consumers and global meat market trends, the carcass andmeat quality parameters were compared using four types of slaughtering methods: (1) NSHS (without electricalstunning, halal neck cut, and subsequent bleeding for 180 s), (2) LSHS (electrically stunned at 250 mA for fiveseconds, halal neck cut, and subsequent bleeding for 180 s), (3) MSHS (electrically stunned at 500 mA for 10s, halal neck cut, and subsequent bleeding for 180 s), and (4) HSHS (electrically stunned at 1,000 mA for 20 s,
halal neck cut, and subsequent bleeding for 180 s). A total of 406 Ross broiler chickens (body weights of 1.4 to
1.8 kg) were divided into four random groups of 100 birds each. This study examined the livability, bleeding out,
Pectoralis major and Flexor cruris medialis muscle proximate composition, cholesterol content, fatty acid profileand post-mortem pH, microbial loads, and oxidative stability. The livability and bleeding out were higher in
NSHS and LSHS than in MSHS and HSHS (p < 0.05). The Pectoralis major and Flexor cruris medialis proximate
composition, cholesterol content and fatty acid profile, post-mortem pH, and microbial loads remained unaffected (p> 0.05), but the oxidative stability of Pectoralis major differed during the eight-day post-mortem period (p < 0.05).
The results suggest that for capturing the global meat market, the meat industry can consider NSHS and LSHS
because the ritual requirements are fulfilled, and there is no negative impact on the nutritional aspects.
Keywords: halal slaughter, meat quality, broiler chicken, cholesterol326

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP5-20Effects of the provision of sling belt and cotton towel on
nursing behavior in early lactating sows in crating system
YH Kim1, HL Jeon1, JH Lee1, JS Kim1, HI Choi1, KW Kang2, JW Kang2 and J Yun1
1

Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, 2Swine ResearchCenter, Sunjin R&D Institute, Sunjin Co. Ltd., Korea
cleomylove@naver.com

It is generally known that prepartum sows have an intrinsic to build a nest before the parturition. However, thefarrowing crate of modern pig farm have a lack of space, materials. The provision of nesting material increases
nest-building behavior could generate decreased stress, and then increases maternal hormones, which in turnaffects nursing behavior. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the sling belt as nesting material
on postpartum nursing behavior of sows. A week before farrowing, 29 sows (19L and 10Y) were moved to crating
system from individual gestation stalls and randomly allocated to three treatments, C) n = 9, control with nonesting material, S) n = 9, sling belt was horizontally fixed in front of feed trough, ST) n = 11, sling belt was
horizontally fixed in front of feed trough and cotton towel was provided. All the sows were video-recorded toobserve postpartum nursing behavior during 24 hours to 3 days after farrowing. ST shows shorter duration of
successful and total nursing behavior compared to C (ST = 144.1 ± 12.4, 203.6 ± 16.3, C = 197.8 ± 17.4, 296.9± 24.1 min, respectively, p < 0.0001). In conclusion, this study may demonstrate that provision of sling belt andcotton towel as nesting materials stimulates nest-building, and it results in improved milk ejection.
Keywords: farrowing environment, sow welfare, nesting material, maternal behaviour				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-2

The effect of reducing the pH of fresh-dairy cattle manure
on CH4 emissions
AD Ismail and WA Zahra
Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science,
IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
anandadaffaismail@apps.ipb.ac.id

Manure from dairy farms contributes to methane (CH4) emissions, and poor manure management at Indonesian
dairy farms has caused environmental problems, including climate change. Reducing the pH of manure canpotentially decrease CH4 emissions because it inhibits methanogenesis during manure storage. Therefore, thisresearch aimed to analyse the effect of reducing the pH of fresh-dairy cattle manure on CH4 emissions. We set up
an experiment at the laboratory of waste management, IPB University, Indonesia, from March-April 2022. Wecollected fresh-dairy cattle manure (25 kg) from the dairy farm research station, IPB University, and placed it in astorage box (1 m × 1 m × 0.3 m). In this experiment, we used a complete randomised design with two replications
and a control (pH 8). Two storage boxes (replication one and two) were added 50 ml H2SO4 (92%) respectively,
to reduce the pH (on average 6.18). The CH4 gas was collected using a close chamber for five consecutive days at
15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 minutes after the close chamber was placed at 9.45 am. The analysis of variance (ANOVA)
was compared between treatment and control to analyse the effect of pH reduction on CH4 emissions. The results
showed that CH4 gas differed significantly between treatment and control (p < 0.1). Reducing the pH of fresh-dairy
cattle manure has decreased CH4 emissions during storage by 60%. To conclude, reducing the pH has significantly
decreased CH4 emissions during manure storage and can be used as a mitigation strategy to diminish global
environmental problem.
Keywords: climate change, dairy farm, fresh-dairy cattle manure, methane emissions

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Animal Science Congress

PP6-4

Effect of feed additives on fattening ability and its
relationship with ruminal biometrics sensored bybio-capsule in Hanwoo steer
JJ Ha1, KY Yang2, JJ Kim3, H Kim3, DJ Jung1, DH Kim1, JK Yi1, JY Park1 and DY Oh1
1

Gyeongsangbuk-do Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal
Science, Wanju, Korea, 3Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
hjjggo@korea.kr

The objective was to determine the effects of dietary probiotics and pH modifier supplementation on growth
performance, carcass traits, and ruminal biometrics sensored by bio-capsule in Hanwoo steer. A total of 32 Hanwoo
steers equipped with a bio-capsule in the rumen were employed and an initial age was 18.5 months. A total of 4
dietary treatments including control (without supplementation), T1 (probiotics; 150 g/d), T2 (pH modifier; 100 g/d), and T3 (pH modifier; 200 g/d) were tested. Growth performance, carcass traits, and ruminal biometrics (pH,temperature, and activity) were obtained during the 10 months. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of
the SAS and the orthogonal contrasts were employed. Average daily gain and feed conversion ratio were greater (p< 0.05) in T2 and T3 than that in C and T1. The hierarchy for the ruminal pH and activity was: C < T3 < T2 < T1
(p < 0.05). Supplementation of additives could partially prevent a decrease in pH and provides relatively healthy
activities. Body temperature was not different across the treatments, however, that was greater (p < 0.05) in theactive treatment compared with that in the control group. Carcass grades including carcass weight, longissimus
muscle area, marbling score, and firmness in steers fed the T2 and T3 diets were greater (p < 0.05) than those fed
the C and T1. The net profit based on the economic analyses was 0.5, 1.3, 1.9, and 2.5 million/head for C, T1, T2,
and T3 diets, respectively.
Keywords: biometrics, fattening ability, feed additives, Hanwoo

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PP6-6

Prediction of methane emission from manure in different
growing stages of pigs using machine learning models
NE Kim1, JK Basak2 and HT Kim1
1

Department of Bio-Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University,
Jinju 52828, Korea, 2Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
na.eun@gnu.ac.kr

Worldwide agriculture and livestock sectors contribute to the anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs)
significantly, predominantly methane (CH4) emissions. Therefore, it is an important issue to quantify the amountof CH4 emission, however, elaborate processes including the establishment of an experimental setup, maintaining
environmental conditions, dietary composition, etc. are required to measure CH4 emission rate. Hence, the main
objective of the study was to quantify the CH4 production rate as a function of feed intake and mass of pigs using
machine learning models. Experiments were carried out in livestock barns at Gyeongsang National University
from 1st September to 1st December in 2020 and 2021. Data related to the amount of feed intake, body mass ofpig, and manure production were collected to develop CH4 emission models. Five machine learning models i.e.,
multiple linear regression, polynomial regression, ridge regression, random forest regression, and artificial neuralnetwork were developed in the current study. The results showed that CH4 emission was directly related to manure
production which increased with the increase of pigs’ mass and feed intake as well as the growing stage of pigs. It
is also found that ridge regression performed better compared to other models, where it could explain more than
90% of the variations in all measured and predicted data in both the training and testing stages. Therefore, thestudy recommends the use of the ridge regression model in predicting CH4 emissions from manure considering
feed intake and mass of pigs as input variables.
Keywords: manure, methane emission, model, pig

The authors would like to thank the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture,
Forestry and Fisheries (IPET) through Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Convergence Technologies Program for
Educating Creative Global Leader, funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (717001-7).

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PP6-8

Comparison of linear and nonlinear machine learningmodels for predicting temperature and relative humidityof indoor pig barn
B Paudel1, JK Basak2, NE Kim1, YW Choi3 and HT Kim1
1

Department of Bio-systems Engineering, Gyeongsang National University (Institute of Smart
Farm), Jinju 52828, Korea, 2Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea, 3Department of Smart farm, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University (Instituteof Agriculture & Life Science), Jinju 52828, Korea
bholaerc@gmail.com

The growth and development of the piglets are governed by the environment in which they are living. Besides
proper feed, drinking water, and sanitation, the indoor microclimate also significantly affects pig growth. The airtemperature and relative humidity inside the pig barn are the major factors for indoor microclimate. Predicting
those microclimates helps the farmers to identify the problem in advance and prepare their solutions. Therefore, thecurrent study compares the linear and nonlinear machine learning models to predict the temperature and relative
humidity inside the swine barn. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Random Forest Regression (RFR) models
were used to predict dependent variables. The external environment data were used as an input dataset to simulate
the model. Data preprocessing, splitting into training and testing, normalization, hyper tuning, and evaluation were
performed for both models as required. The prediction performance of models showed that the nonlinear model(RFR) had better performance in determining indoor temperature and humidity, i.e., R2 = 0.9813 for temperature
and R2 = 0.9594 for humidity, compared to the linear model (MLR), i.e., R2 = 0.8972 for temperature and R2 = 0.7805
for humidity. Overall this study concludes that it is possible to forecast the indoor microclimate of the pig barnusing accessible environmental data from outside the pig barn. Similarly, this study confirms that nonlinear models
like RFR can better predict microclimate inside pig barns than the linear model, i.e., MLR.
Keywords: microclimate, linear model, non-linear model, prediction modelThis work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry
and Fisheries (IPET) through Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Convergence Technologies Program for Educating
Creative Global Leader, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (717001-7).

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PP6-10Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from the livestock
sector in Korea
YK Lee1, PN Seong1, JS Wi1, SS Lee1, B Kim1 and JY Song2
1

National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2Nonghyupfeed, Seoul, Korea
yoo3930@korea.kr

According to the Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth, the publication of an annual national greenhousegas (GHG) inventory report is mandatory. This annual GHG inventory report is used as basal data for GHG
mitigation strategies. In the livestock sector, the national GHG inventory was based on the 1996 IPCC Guidelines
with the Tier 1 methodology. In 2019, the total GHG emission in the Republic of Korea was 701.4 million tCO2e,
and the net emission, including sinks, was 661.8 million tCO2e. The total GHG emissions in the agriculture sector
were 21.2 million tCO2e in 2018 and 21.0 million tCO2e in 2019, which accounted for 3.0% of the total nationalemissions in 2019. The rice fields sub-sector had lower emissions due to reduced rice cultivation area, but the
livestock sub-sector had larger emissions because of a larger number of livestock, attributable to increased meat
consumption. GHG emissions from the livestock sector in 2019 were 9.5 million tCO2e, of which emissions fromenteric fermentation were 4.6 million tCO2e, higher by 48.9% than the value of 1990 mainly because of the higher
beef cattle population. On the other hand, GHG emissions from manure management in 2019 were 4.9 million
tCO2e, representing an increase of 72.1% compared to 1990 mainly due to increases in beef cattle, swine, andpoultry populations. Additional research is required to develop precise country-specific emission factors for GHG
emissions from livestock in Korea.
Keywords: enteric fermentation, livestock, manure management, national greenhouse gas inventory332

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PP6-12

Result of factual survey of bedding use for
Korean horse stables
JH Yoo, JY Choi, JA Lee, SM Shin, MC Shin, HA Kim,
YJ Kang, HC Ji, IC Cho and BC Yang
Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Jeju, Korea
yoojihyun1@korea.kr

Horse farms in Korea tend to use sawdust as bedding but there are few standards for bedding types or quantity.
This study was conducted to offer the basic standard data for the horse farms through a factual survey of bedding
use in Korean horse stables. 43 horse farms were investigated. The number of investigated farms in Gyeonggido, Gyeongsang-do, Jeolla-do, and Jeju-do were 11, 7, 9, and 16 respectively. Investigating items were bedding
types and quantity. The horse farms in all provinces except for Jeju-do mainly used shavings and saw dust. Thosein Gyeonggi-do, Gyeongsang-do tended to use the shavings most by more than 80% and those in Jeolla-do tended
to use the saw dust most by about 78%. Horse farms in Jeju-do tended to use various types of bedding. Especiallystraw was used a lot in Jeju-do compared to other provinces (about 31.3%). Horse farms raising racing horses
tended to use it for comfort and keeping warm for growing horses. And it can be easily supplied in Jeju-do. A few
farms used rubber pads for comport (et cetera on Table 1). Bedding quantity is related to production cost. It canbe the reason why small amount of bedding tended to be used in stables. About 52% of horse farms in Korea usedbedding as height of 10-20 cm. Large amount of bedding was usually used for comfort and enough rest.
Keywords: horses, bedding, factual survey
Table 1. Result of factual of bedding use in Korea
Bedding types

Korean provinces where factual survey was conducted
Gyeonggi-do (%, 11 farms)

Gyeongsang-do (%, 7 farms)

Jeolla-do (%, 9 farms)

Jeju-do (%, 16 farms)

Shavings

81.8

85.7

22.2

6.3

Saw dust

9.1

14.3

77.8

37.5

Straw

0.0

0.0

0.0

31.3

Wood pellet

0.0

0.0

0.0

6.23

Grazing

0.0

0.0

0.0

18.8

et cetera

9.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

				

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PP6-14

Analysis of 2nd generation digital livestock research andtechnology trends in Korean native cattle
SJ Na1, YS Choi2, YJ No2, JY Jeong2, H Seonwoo1, SS Lee1 and MJ Ku2
1

Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research & Extension
Service (Livestock Research Institute), Gangjin-gun, Korea
motiv2018@naver.com

Currently, smart livestock is evolving into a big data analysis platform market that enables precise control anddecision-making support using big data generated from equipment distributed in the development and distributionof automatic control-oriented equipment. Therefore, this study wanted to look at the trends of Korean beef
second-generation smart livestock research and technology development using intelligent ICT technology, anddivided into environmental and feeding management. In the case of the domestic livestock internal and externalmanagement system, the u-IT-based integrated management system was designed using the temperature, humidity,
environmental sensor, CO2, light sensor, etc. of the livestock facility, and established an automation system such as
the fan operation of the pen and the opening of the window and ceiling. In Korea, Korean Native Cattle (Hanwoo)
management research using imaging technology is steadily being carried out, but feeding management systemusing agricultural robots such as automatic feeder is insufficient compared to advanced livestock countries. In thepast, naked eyes, IR sensors, pedometers, and acceleration sensors have been used, but recently, research has been
actively conducted to build a smart management system that combines existing and deep learning technology. In
the case of advanced countries in livestock, it’s essential to upgrade object recognition technology in Korea and todevelop digital management systems and robots by combining each element technology, as they have recently been
conducting research on biometric technologies such as object recognition technology through three-dimensional
images and weight gain measurement as well as object recognition technology through two-dimensional image
analysis.
Keywords: digital livestock management, ICT, Hanwoo, research trendThis work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture
and Forestry (IPET) through Smart Farm Innovation Technology Development Program, funded by Ministry ofAgriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (Project No.: 421022041HD050).

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PP6-16Comparison of functional features between two automatic
milking systems
DJS Jung, DH Lim, JH Lee, SJ Kang, SS Hwang, MH Han and KS Ki
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan 31000, Korea
kiks386@korea.kr

Automatic milking success rate, teat-cup attachment success, and length of the milking procedure are main functionalfeatures of automatic milking system (AMS). In our study, to compare the performance of domestically developed
AMS, two different AMS were used: AMS-1 (developed by Rural Development Administration, South Korea), and
AMS-2 (Lely Astronaut A4, Lely Holding, Maassluis, the Netherland). A total of 51 multiparous Holstein cows wereused in a repeated measurement mixed model (animal was considered as random effect) with two experimental groups
consisting 23 heads, and 38 heads per group, respectively: AMS-1 [187.68 ± 57.94 days in milk (DIM)], and AMS-2(135.47 ± 57.22 DIM). 51 cows were recorded on 3 consecutive days by means of human observation from 09:00 am
to 18:00 pm. Automatic milking success rate was not different between the 2 milking system (AMS-1: 100%; AMS2: 100%). Teat-cup attachment success also did not differ (p > 0.05) between the 2 milking system (AMS-1: 4.81 ±1.30; AMS-2: 4.92 ± 1.50). Duration of milking time was higher (p < 0.001) in AMS-1 (9.57 ± 3.48 min) compared to
AMS-2 (5.55 ± 3.56 min). AMS-1 had greater (p = 0.004) milk yield compared to AMS-2 milk yield (16.79 ± 5.94 vs.
13.23 ± 4.56 kg). Different technical approaches such as automatic nipple detection or suction power to AMS led todifferences in length of the milking procedure and milk yield. In conclusion, these results could be further developedby shortening the preparation stage and decreasing the duration of milking time.
Keywords: automatic milking system, dairy cow, automatic milking success rate, duration of milking time				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP6-18CH4 gas of fresh dairy cattle manure fromdifferent storage types
RW Pratama1, WA Zahra1, A Atabany1 and BP Purwanto2
1

Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University(Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia, 2Vocational College, IPB University (Bogor
Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
pratamarezhawahyu@apps.ipb.ac.id

Methane (CH4) from dairy cattle manure is one of the greenhouse gases (GHG) that contributes to climate change.
Smallholder dairy farmers often discharge fresh manure into the environment. Lack of manure management will
generate higher emissions from dairy farms. Storing manure is required to avoid emissions. Different storing
systems will likely affect the CH4 gas. The research aimed to compare CH4 gas of fresh dairy cattle manure (FM)from different storing systems. We set up an experiment at the laboratory of waste management, IPB University,
Indonesia, from March to April 2022. The sample of FM was collected from the dairy research station, IPB
University. We used two treatments and two replications in this experiment. We placed 25 kg of FM in each open
square manure container (1 m × 1 m × 0.3 m). Furthermore, we placed 7.5 kg of FM in each closed tube container(volume = 0.01 m3). The gas collection was performed for five sequence days. On each observation day, the gas
was collected at 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 minutes after the chamber was deployed at 09.45 am. We compared CH4 gas
between storage systems using a t-test. The results showed that the CH4 gas differed significantly between storage
systems (p < 0.05) in which the closed tube container had higher CH4 gas (4,145 g CH4/ha/day) compared to theopen square manure container (7.63 g CH4/ha/day). To conclude, different storing systems can affect CH4 gas, andstoring fresh manure in a closed container generates higher CH4 gas.
Keywords: fresh dairy cattle manure, manure storage, methane336

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Animal Science Congress

PP6-20A study on the establishment of carbon footprint allocation
ratio for Hanwoo (Korean beef)
Yoo-Sung Park1, Sung-Mo Yeon1, Jeong-In Kwon1 and Kyu-Hyun Park2
1

H.I.Pathway Co., LTD., Seoul, Korea, 2Department of Animal Resource Science,
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
yoosung.park@hipathway.com

Since the Paris Agreement, people are working hard to combat climate change around the world. The direct
greenhouse gas emission by the livestock sector corresponds to 7.1 gigatonnes, which is 14.5% of the total
greenhouse gas emission, of which 35.3% is emitted by beef cattle. In the EU PEFCR Annex 1 to 2 document
published in December 2021, the proportion of resources available to humans among the mass fraction used to
calculate the economic allocation ratio for beef was presented as 78%. On the other hand, Korean beef has ausage rate of 83.4% even though some of the by-products that can be used are being discarded due to the lackof infrastructure and barriers to current laws in Korea. This study aims to suggest an economic allocation ratio
for beef that is suitable for the domestic situation through data from domestic slaughter houses. In addition, it
is intended to estimate the change in the carbon footprint of Korean beef products by calculating the economic
allocation ratio for beef that would be expected when the usage rate of Korean beef by-products was increased
through legal revision and infrastructure expansion.
Keywords: Hanwoo, Korean beef, carbon footprint, allocation ratio				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP6-22A study on the development of livestock icon for the virtual
space experience of Metaverse platform
GM KimYonam College, Chungnam, Korea
kmkime@yonam.ac.kr

Metaverse is a combination of "meta," which means processing and abstraction, and "universe," which means thereal world, and has become a main keyword in the IT industry. Metaverse are characterized by different charactersinteracting with avatars of social and economic software in a three-dimensional virtual space. Metaverse suggests
the possibility of community formation that connects the world living in a virtual space. For the first time in the
livestock sector, the Livestock Quality Assessment Service created a Metaverse virtual space and attempted toexperience livestock by users. It introduces the meat class system and slaughterhouse to users. It also introduces
Korean beef cattle sheds and poultry farms. In Metaverse, new virtual experiences can be provided not only to
livestock majors but also to the general public. In the livestock virtual space, graphic elements that utilize reality
are needed for users who are not familiar with livestock. It also requires livestock experience where you can feed
feed or milk cows. This study surveyed users to introduce various livestock fields in virtual spaces and derived
the most preferred results. According to the results, the symbols and icons of livestock preferred by users weredeveloped. It is hoped that the newly developed livestock icons of cattle, pigs, and chickens will be used as data forthe development of the livestock industry. Through the results of this study, we would like to inform the Metaverse
platform and suggest methods and strategies for the possibility of crossing reality and virtualization by using a new
app. It is expected to be used as a useful data for the Metaverse livestock virtual space and to help spread livestock
information.
Keywords: Metaverse, virtual space, livestock icon, livestock IT

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PP6-24

Effect of feeding behavior on body weight of Hanwoo steers
using an automated feeding and body weighing system
MS Park1, HJ Cho2, SW Seo2, SS Chang1, UH Kim1,
BH Park1, JI Won1, S Jin1 and HJ Lee1
1

Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Gangwon-do, Korea, 2Division ofAnimal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
sunnypark411@korea.kr

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding behavior on body weight (BW) of Hanwoo steers.
Twenty-five heads of steers were fattened in pens equipped with automatic concentrate feeding station. The
amount of concentrates provided and feeding behaviors were monitored automatically and body weights were alsomeasured by automated weighing scale in real-time. Forage was offered ad libitum twice a day at 08:00 and 18:00.
Steers were assigned three groups according to their BW: 'LBW' group (average BW, 432.3 kg); 'MBW' group(average BW, 432. 3 kg); 'HBW' group (average BW, 477. 9 kg). The amount of the concentrates fed was lowest in
the MBW group, 6.9 kg/d, and highest in the HBW group, 7.8 kg/d (p < 0.001). Correlation analyses among bodyweight, average daily gain, and feeding behavior were conducted to see the effect of feeding behavior on theirbody weight. Amount of the concentrates was strongly positively correlated with bunk visits (BV) frequency (r =0.65, p < 0.001), meal frequency (r = 0.83, p < 0.001), BV duration (r = 0.71, p < 0.001), and eating rate (r = 0.52,
p < 0.01). Also, BV duration showed a significant positive correlation with the feeding rate (r = 0.66, p < 0.001).
In conclusion, we found that feeding behavior such as BV frequency, meal frequency, BV duration, and eating rate
were associated with the amount of the concentrates fed and it directly affected the body weight in fattening steers.
Our results suggest that BV frequency and BV duration patterns need to be considered to control body weightincreases.
Keywords: feeding behavior traits, body weight, automatic concentrate feeding station, correlation

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PP6-26

Evaluation of emission factors of gaseous and particulatematters from broiler house
KS Kwon, JB Kim, TH Ha, KY Yang, and DH Jang
Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Korea
kskwon0512@korea.kr

CAPSS (Clean Air Policy Support System) of the Ministry of Environment in Korea provides emission factors
and calculmation methodology for emission rate of the atmospheric pollutant. In the fields of livestock, valuesof the national emission factors are not avaialable so far; CAPSS provides the values from US EPA (1994)
and CORINAIR (1999). A serious error has been also found in the application of the emission factors of theatmospheric pollutant including NH3, PM10, and PM2.5 for broilers(unit conversion problems). In addition,
environment and breeding management for broilers of the country were totally different from those of the foreigncountries. Therefore, evaluation of the national emission factors is very important to support the air policy of thecountry. In this study, emission factors of the NH3, PM10, and PM2.5 from the mechanically ventilated broiler housein Korea were evaluated. The experiments were carrid out during the periods of 8 flocks. The NH3 concentrationsof the exhausted air from the broiler house were continuously measured for 24 hours using the electro-chemicalsensonrs (MultiRAE lite, RAE System, USA). The PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were also measured using thedevice based on the light-scttering method (PAS, Grimm Inc.,Germany). Performance of the ventilation system
was quantitatively evalued based on the methodology by ASHRAE (40CFR60). From the results, emission factorsof the NH3, PM10, and PM2.5 showed the foams of the exponential curves according to age of broilers. Emission
factors of NH3, PM10, and PM2.5 were evaluated as 0.171, 0.008, and 0.001 g/head/day, respectively.
Keywords: ammonia, broiler house, emission factor, PM10, PM2.5
This work was carried out with the support of “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science &Technology Development (Project No. PJ014248032021)” Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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PP6-28Characteristics and correlation of ammonia emission inmechanically-ventilated sow housing during spring
JS Park, SY Park, SE Woo, OH Hwang, JN Halder and MW Jung
Animal Environment Division, Department of Animal Biotechnology and Environment,
National Institute of Animal, Jeonbuk wanjugun, Korea
mwjung@korea.kr
Ammonia (NH3) is a common gas in the atmosphere that has been known for creating varieties of health and environmental
problems. Atmospheric NH3 causes stunted livestock growth, decreased visibility, and induces lung diseases when highconcentrations occur. In addition, atmospheric NH3 reacts with acidic species (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, etc.) and produces
secondary inorganic aerosol. In South Korea, NH3 emissions have been reported to increase every year from 247,149
tons in 2005 to 316,299 tons in 2019. Therefore, it is necessary to research and manage NH3 emission that affects various
environmental aspects. However, it was difficult to conduct long-term experiments in animal housing where pigs are raised.
In this study, the NH3 concentration and ventilation rate of a room inside a sow housing was measured during the period fromMarch 25 to May 31, 2021. The average concentration of NH3 in the room was measured to be 9.2 ± 3.4 ppm. The averageinternal temperatures were 21.3 ℃, and the relative humidity was 45.0%. The measured ventilation rate in the room was 63.1
m3/hour/pig. Finally, the NH3 emission factor was calculated using the following equation.
Emission factorNH3 (g / hour ∙ pig) = (Ammoniaout(ppm) – Ammoniain(ppm)) ×

 m3 
1
1
17.03
×× Ventilation rate   ×
24.45
h
pig
1000



The NH3 emission factor was 8.4 ± 1.8 g/day/pig during this study. And the correlation analysis shows the NH3 concentration
has a negative correlation between both the ventilation rate (r = –0.80) and the internal temperature (r = –0.75). Lastly, during
the spring season, the calculated NH3 emission factor was 3.1 kg/year/pig in mechanically-ventilated sow housing.
Keywords: ammonia, emission factor, gestating sow, mechanical ventilation

Figure 1. Results of NH3 concentration, ventilation rate, and NH3 emission factor hourly scatter plot for room during spring.

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PP6-30Evaluation of detection performance for body parts offattening pig in image using deep learning
DH Jang, KY Yang, KS Kwon, SY Chung and JB Kim
Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Korea
dh5210@korea.kr

Careful monitoring for individual pig condition is very importart task to manage the productivity. In order tosupport pig management, a method of monitoring pigs using video images has been proposed. The detection of
the body, head, and tail of pig in the image can be used as important information to determine the position anddirection of the pig. Therefore, this study evaluated the detection performance of body, head, and tail of pigs using
deep learning, and proposed a labeling method to improve detection performance of tail part. In this study, the data
set consisted of 574 images and those was constructed by collecting 8 vedios. The images included average 12
pigs, in which each pig was labeled as head, tail, and whole body. Two labeling methods were compared to detect
the tail. method 1 is labeling the tail only as a conventional method and method 2 is labeling the hip area including
the tail as the proposed method in this study. The dataset was divided into training, validation, and test sets, anddgwas evaluated with mAP@0.50. Detection accuracy of body, head, tail, and hip of pig were 96.72, 92.92,
54.45, and 94.57% respectively. In conclusion, the method 2 showed a better accuracy compared with method 1 todeterine the position and direction of the pigs from the image information.
Keywords: pig detection, labeling, deep learningThis work was carried out with the support of “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science &Technology Development (Project No. PJ01681003)” Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea

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PP6-32A study on the behavioral criteria for to facilitate thedetection of dead and abnormal broilers
SR Jeon, DH Jang, SY Chung, KS Kwon, JB Kim, and KY Yang
Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal, Wanju-Gun Jeollabuk-Do, Korea
y2k1983@korea.kr

Demand for chicken is growing worldwide, and awareness of stable chicken production and quality consistency
is growing. However, due to an aging population and rising labor costs, the problem of manpower for farms is
becoming more and more serious. Furthermore, detecting dead and abnormal objects in broiler breeding facilities
is time and labor-consuming work. Therefore, it is necessary to accelerate and advance the development of
automation and information technology in broilers. In order to develop a technology to automatically detect deadand abnormal broilers based on images, it is necessary to establish behavioral criteria in advance. Therefore, in thisstudy,the main behavioral types of broilers have been summarized and analyzed, which are necessary to establish
their behavioral criteria. The behavioral characteristics of dead broilers summarized in the literature are mainly
motionless. In contrast to motions other than stretching, dust bathing, and sleeping, there was no movement foran average of 5 seconds or more. In the case of dead broilers, both legs were straight. Abnormal individuals wereless active as the flock moved and were frequently pushed back by other individuals when drinking or feeding.
An individual that intensively pecks its body or buttocks by other broilers is also considered a weak individualand eventually becomes a dead broiler. It is expected that this result would be used as basic monitoring criteria to
distinguish the dead and abnormal individuals from the healthy broilers to improve productivity of farms.
Keywords: abnormal broiler, broiler behavior, dead broiler, detection technology

This work was carried out with the support of “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science &Thechnology Development (Project No. PJ014248032021)” Rural Development Administration, Republic ofKorea. This research was supported by the “RDA REsearch Associate Fellowship Program” of the National
Isntitute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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PP6-34Comparing characteristics of ammonia emission inmechanically-ventilated sow housing in summer and winter
MW Jung, SY Park, SE Woo, OH Hwang, JN Halder and JS Park
Animal Environment Division, Department of Animal Biotechnology and Environment,
National Institute of Animal, Jeonbuk wanjugun, Korea
karmon2@korea.kr

Ammonia is a key gaseous component emitted by agricultural activities such as fertilizer, and livestock manure. In
South Korea, investigating NH3 emissions is essential due to the continuously increasing trend from 2005 to 2017.
Yet in Korea, there is no approved protocol for NH3 emission, and no additional research has been conducted after
the first calculated NH3 emission factor study. Thus, further researches are necessary for NH3 emission. Therefore,
this study investigates to measure the NH3 emissions in a sow housing during the summer (June–August) 2021
and winter (January 2021–January 2022). During the measurement period, the NH3 concentration range inside
the room was 3.9–9.9 ppm in summer, and 10.5–34.7 ppm in winter respectively. Also, in summer and winter,
the average NH3 concentration was 5.5±1.0 and 23.3±4.9 ppm, respectively. The NH3 concentration of winterwas approximately four times higher than that of summer. The internal temperature in summer and winter was
26.7℃ and 19.5℃ and relative humidity was 88.1% and 38.2%, respectively. During the experiment period, theventilation was operated by the internal temperature. Thus, the ventilation rate in summer (14,234.6 m3/h) was
more than double that of winter (7,070.8 m3/h). The ammonia emission factor was calculated as follows: (Ammonia
emission factor (g/day/pig) = NH3 concentration (ppm) × Ventilation rate (m3/h) /pig (n)). Finally, the ammonia
emission factor in summer and winter was 8.0 ± 1.6 and 18.2 ± 4.6 g/day/pig, respectively.
Keywords: ammonia, seasonal emission, mechanical ventilation, gestating sow

Figure 1. Results of comparing NH3 concentration, NH3 emission factor, temperature, relative humidity, and ventilation rate in summer and winter.

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PP6-36

Korea’s GHG inventory with default and country-specificactivity data using Tier 1 IPCC 2019 Refinement
Eska Nugrahaeningtyas1, Eun-Sook Ji1, Jong-Sik Lee1 and Kyu-Hyun Park1
College of Animal Life Science, Department of Animal Industry Convergence,
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea 24341
eskanugrahaeningtyas@kangwon.ac.kr

Korea is currently using IPCC 1996 guideline (1996 GL) Tier 1 to calculate national GHG inventory and planningto change to 2006 GL. Recently, 2019 Refinement to the 2006 GL (2019 Refinement) has been published as themost updated guideline. The revisions in 2019 Refinement are not limited to values changes, but also includes
different approach to calculate emission, specifically, CH4 emission from livestock manure management. Tier 1
calculation provides flexibility to use either default or country-specific (CS) values in the form of average bodyweight (ABW) and typical manure treatment system (AWMS). This study was conducted to compare the differenceof emission using Tier 1 2019 Refinement calculation with default and country-specific CS values in order tosuggest the use of 2019 Refinement for Korea national GHG inventory. ABW and AWMS data were obtained
from Statistic Korea. The current finding indicates that the emission was overestimated when default data wereused. Using default data resulted in 5.3% higher of total emissions than using CS data. The main reason of thiswas the higher default ABW than CS ABW which resulted in higher volatile solids which affects the CH4 emission
from manure management. The overestimation of GHG inventory may influence the decision making of GHG
mitigation. Furthermore, inaccurate GHG inventory may result in misevaluation of the mitigation goal, whether thegoal has been achieved or not. Therefore, the availability of country-specific data in Korea is sufficient to change to2019 Refinement to present the more accurate and precise national GHG inventory.
Keywords: GHG inventory, 2019 Refinement, livestock sector, manure management

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PP6-38

Effect of heat stress on performance, egg quality and blood
traits in laying hens
HR Kim, JE Kim, JS Wi, SH Park and PN Seong
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanjugun, Korea
ococ1004@korea.kr

The adverse effect of heat stress (HS) on the production in the poultry industry has been a global concern. Highenvironmental temperature leads to metabolic changes, reduction in body weight and high mortality in chickens.
The objective of this study was to determine the impact of heat stress as measured by temperature-humidity index(THI) on performance, egg quality and blood parameters in laying hens. A total of 150 laying hens (26 weeks ofage) were raised in thermal neutral condition (21℃ and 60% RH) for 14 days during the adaptation period andthe experimental treatments lasted for 28 days. Birds were divided randomly into five equal groups and kept inenvironmental condition with THI ranging from 68 to 85 in temperature-humidity controlled chamber. As theperformance parameters, the feed intake and egg production were recorded daily and the feed conversion ratio(FCR) was calculated on a week basis. At the start and end days, eggs were randomly collected for analyzing egg
quality and blood were sampled to verify serum electrolyte. Feed intake and egg production were decreased inhens exposed to extreme HS (p < 0.05). The increasing THI levels reduced egg quality including egg yolk index,
egg shell thickness, egg shell strength and Haugh unit (p < 0.05). Serum potassium concentration was significantly
increased while sodium was decreased in high THI compared to low THI. In conclusion, HS negatively impacts
the performance and it causes physiological changes in laying hens which resulting in decreases in quality of eggs.
Keywords: heat stress, performance, temperature humidity index, laying hen

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Animal Science Congress

PP6-40

Impacts of organic solvents on earwax cortisol extraction
from Hanwoo cattle measured via enzyme immunoassay
M Ataallahi, GW Park, E Nugrahaeningtyas, M Dehghani and KH Park
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, 24341 Chuncheon, Gangwon, Korea
ataallahim@kangwon.ac.kr

The analysis of earwax cortisol concentrations (ECC), a non-liquid biospecimen, represents a biomarker of chronic
stress in humans and animals. The extraction of earwax cortisol is a challengable procedure due to the low amountof earwax production. The use of organic solvents are necessary to validate the extraction procedure. A factorial
arrangement was conducted to determine effects of solvent source (MA, methyl alcohol; DE, diethyl ether) andsample diluent buffer (0 and 1 mL) on cortisol extraction in earwax of Hanwoo cattle (parity 3, body weight = 462± 5.6 kg). A portion (25 mg) of the earwax sample was resuspended in the amount of sample diluent buffer andanother portion of the sample was not resuspended prior extraction procedure with MA and DE. A commercial
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) cortisol kit was used to measure ECC. The result indicated cortisol
can be extracted from earwax, with or without sample diluent buffer by MA extraction method. In conclusion, MA
is a preferable solvent to obtain high ECC and the procedure of extraction by MA was rapid with lower solvent
consumption. Furthermore, earwax can be used in the future study for chronic stress evaluation in Hanwoo.
Keywords: earwax cortisol, Hanwoo, diethyl ether, methyl alcohol				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l347

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-42

Coat colour affects stress hormone levels in the serum andhairs of Holstein dairy cows exposed to cold winterJ Ghassemi Nejad, JH Jo, JS Lee and HG Lee
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences,
Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
jalilgh@konkuk.ac.kr

Previous studies showed that coat colour significantly affects hair cortisol (HC) levels but not serum cortisol andserotonin levels in heifers and dairy cows under heat stress conditions. As a follow-up study, we tested whether
both serum and HC and serotonin levels in winter-housed dairy cows affected by coat colour (black vs. white).
Twenty multiparous high yielding dairy cows (DIM = 110 ± 25, milk yield = 35 ± 2.1 kg) were assigned to oneof the following groups encompass 1) black coat colour (BCC; over 85% of black coat, n = 14) and 2) white coatcolour (WCC; over 85% of white coat, n = 6). Blood was harvested for three consecutive days of the end of study.
Hair was harvested from forehead of each individual at the beginning and the end-day of study. Cortisol andserotonin hormones were analyzed in serum and hair. Cows with BCC had lower HC and higher hair serotoninlevels than those of WCC (p < 0.05). No differences in serum cortisol levels were observed between cows of WCC
vs BCC (p > 0.05). Serum serotonin level was lower in cows of WCC compared to the BCC group (p < 0.05).
Overall, coat colour significantly affected stress levels indicated by higher HC and lower serotonin levels in WCC
cows in addition to lower serum serotonin level in the corresponding animals. Therefore, coat colour should beconsidered as a management tool particularly in countries that winter cold stress is an issue of long-term.
Keywords: hair cortisol, coat colour, cold stress, serotonin

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Animal Science Congress

PP6-44

Biochemical methane potential (BMP) study on theultrasonication pretreatment for anaerobic digestion of
livestock manure
JK Kim, DJ Lee, KH Jeong, JM Jung and HJ Kim
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Korea
kjk9207@korea.kr

Anaerobic digestion of livestock manure is one of the technologies attracting attention as a technology for livestock
manure management, production of renewable energy and carbon emission reduction technology in agriculture.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on the anaerobic digestion of livestock
manure. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) test was carried out to evaluate the characteristics for anaerobic
digestion of pretreated manure mixture that were ultrasonically pretreated with mixture of swine manure andcow manure. The test was performed by measuring the amount of methane generated according to the ultrasonicfrequency (37, 80, 120, 170 kHz) and the ultrasonic pretreatment time (0, 10, 20, 30 min). Among the experimental
conditions, biogas production was the highest under the experimental condition of 170 kHz, 20 min.
Keywords: biogas, anaerobic digestion, livestock manure, methaneThis work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture andForestry (IPET) and Korea Smart Farm R&D Foundation (KosFarm) through Smart Farm Innovation Technology
Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) and Ministry of
Science and ICT (MSIT), Rural Development Administration (RDA) (421045-03-2-HD020).

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PP6-46

Evaluation odor activity value of odor substancesfrom dairy farms
SY Seo, SE Woo, OH Hwang, DW Han, JS Park, SY Park and MW Jung
National Institute of Animal Science, Seoul, Korea
seosi@korea.kr

Odor is main pollutants of air pollutants and odor from livestock industries bring increase of complaints. Even
though, odor complaints related livestock are increasing, so far odor research has been conducted on swine farm.
For study how to reduce livestock odor, we should evaluate odor of other species like dairy cow, beef cattle
and poultry. The main aim of this study was to find main odor substances from dairy farms by investigating theconcentration of 28 odor substances including indoles, phenols, acetic aicd and i-butyric acid and evaluatingodor acitivity value (OAV). OAV was calculated with minimum dection concentration. When OAV exceed 1,
the substance can contribute more odor. Samples were collected from the boundary site, inside barn and manurestorage in 6 dairy farms, and samples were measured in labatory.
As a result, the complex odor dillution factor was 6.2 in boundary site, 45.5 in inside barn, and 63 in manurestorage. Most of dairy farm are open and they have naturally ventilated systems. Although sampling site ofboundary site and inside the barn were not far apart, boundary site showed low dillution factor than inside andmanure storage. Including ammonia, 15 odor substances was detected in every sampling site and trimethylamine
showed highest OAV in every sampling site. As OAV of trimethylamine, ammonia, sulfur compounds (hydrogensulfide, dimethyl sulfide) and butyric acid exceed 1, they seems to be main odor substances from dairy farms.
Keywords: odor, dairy cow, odor activity value, measurement350

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Animal Science Congress

PP6-48Annual nitrogen excretion from swine production in Korea
was estimated to be approximately 8.9 kg per pig per year
H Kim and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
sunlight1995@naver.com

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported the annual nitrogen excretion (Nex) of pigs inWestern Europe as 20 kg/pig/year assuming 70 kg body weight (BW) is the representative BW for market pigs.
The annual Nex value has been employed for calculating greenhouse gas emission from swine production in the
National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report of Korea. The objective was to evaluate the annual Nex of pigs. A
sigmoidal curve was developed for wet fecal output from suckling to finishing pigs of birth to 116.4 kg BW at day
0 to 175. During this growth stage, feed consumption of 0.16 to 2.87 kg/day, dry matter digestibility of 87.0%,
and wet feces-to-dried feces ratio of 2.5 were calculated using literature data. The mean fecal output for market
pigs was 546 g/pig/day which was equivalent to a pig of 37.7 kg BW at age of day 88. For the 37.7 kg BW pig,
fecal Nex was estimated to be 6.8 g/pig/day using organic matter digestibility, nitrogen intake, and DM intake as
independent variables and urinary Nex was estimated to be 15.7 g/pig/day using dietary protein concentration, BW,
and their interaction as independent variables. The weighted mean of total Nex for the overall swine population
was 24.3 g/pig/day based on an estimated country population of 90% market swine and 10% breeding swine. The
weighted mean of the annual total Nex was 8.9 kg/pig/year, which was less than the value reported by the IPCC.
Overall, the IPCC overestimates the nitrogen excretion from swine production.
Keywords: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report of Korea,
nitrogen excretion, swine				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP6-50Odor concentration estimation using the principal
component analysis and multiple regression;in the grow to finish swine barn
SE WooNational Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
znf12345@korea.kr

A odor concentration estimation model in the grow to finish swine barn was derived using principal component
analysis and multiple regression models. 14 kinds of odor compounds were used. Prior to the statistical analysis,
the missing value (less than method detection limit (MDL)) for each compounds was Imputed with MDL/2, andthe concentration of the odor compounds and the odor unit were log-transformed to follow a normal distribution.
The three principal components (PC) extracted through principal component analysis explained for 77.03% of theinitial variables. The correlation between Principal components and odor compounds was evaluated by the loading
value. PC1 was correlated with VOC (10 Type), PC2 with sulfur compounds (3 Type), and PC3 with ammonia
and hydrogen sulfide. A odor concentration estimation model was derived using PC1, PC2, PC3 as independent
variables. As a result, the model and the regression coefficient were statistically significant (p < 0.05), but adjusted
R2 (0.25) was low.
Keywords: odor estimation, principal component analysis, multiple regression, swine odor

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Animal Science Congress

PP6-52

Artificial intelligence-based calf’s natural suckling behavior
monitoring technology
NY Kim1, MY Shin2, KJ Choo2 and SJ Kim1
1

Asia Pacific Ruminant Institute, Icheon, Korea, 2Bodit Inc., Seoul, Korea
narziss924@hanmail.net

The cow-calf contact system can contribute to the animal welfare in terms of giving the calf the initiative in natural
behavior. However, stock-person can be difficult to manage, as they don't know daily milk intake. The aim of thisstudy was to develop an artificial intelligence technology to monitor natural suckling behavior of calves as anindirect measurement method for predicting milk intake. Thirty-one Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) calves wereselected. Suckling, ruminating, feeding, and other behaviors were collected through video and 6DOF IMU sensor
data (Farmer's hands, Bodit Inc., South Korea) from 1–90 days of age. Observer checked the video to classify
the behaviors. The inspector verified the classification and secured the ground truth of 341,222 cases of natural
suckling behavior (947 hours). The classification algorithm was created through a model using the LightGBM
Framework based on the Gradient boosting, and 4 behavioral classification results were obtained from sensor data.
Results were compared with F1-score accuracy through True/False Confusion Matrix of video data-based groundtruth behavior and sensor data-based estimated behavior. Three calves were randomly sampled among 31 calves as
the ‘Testing set’, and 28 calves were set as the ‘Training set’ to compare the accuracy. As a result, natural suckling
F1-score was confirmed as 97.03%, ruminating (95.04%), feeding (90.02%), and other behaviors (90.54%) showed
high F1-score. The AI-based suckling monitoring technology effectively detected the natural suckling behavior.
Therefore, it has the potential to be a useful precision farming technique to improve both productivity and animal
welfare of calves.
Keywords: behavior monitoring, artificial intelligence, precision livestock farming, animal welfare				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-54Low-energy communication interface materialization of
wearable sensor for livestock based on BLE
JK Lee1, DW Kang1, EJ Im1, SH Choi2 and DH Lee1
1

Department of Biosystems Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
lovenb@cbnu.ac.kr

Among calves under 4 weeks of age, 69.9% of the causes of death is associated with disease of digestive organs
and 42.5% of those disease is especially involved in the enteritis. The most common symptom is diarrhea, which is
known to have certain behavioral characteristic from the day before diarrhea. If abnormal signs would be detectedin early state of the disease through a specific posture of the calves, the fatality rate could be decreased. Therefore,a wearable sensor interface based on BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) communication that can tracking the posture
has been developed.
To solve the short power duration problem of wearable sensors, an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensor(WT901, Witmotion, China) supporting BLE was used to enable low energy consumption development andminiaturization of the module. The IMU sensor measures inertial value at the same time as BLE communication,
and when communication in cut off, it converts to sleep-mode to reduce power consumption and improved battery
life by more than 2 weeks. To enable monitoring of Bluetooth low-energy communication was implemented using
the Nano33 board. By designating the sensor unit as a service server, only sensor data attached to the calf wastransmitted to the master AP.
A wearable sensor interface has been developed with the functions of lower data usage and energy consumpton tomonitor the posture of calves. More than 1,000 raw data have been obtained efficiently through the wearable sensor
which could be used for prediction of specific calf-postures in further study.
Keywords: BLE, calf monitoring, disease detection, BLE interface

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Animal Science Congress

PP6-56

Rice hull biochar as an additive to mitigate ammonia
emission from composting manure
SY Seo, SE Woo, O Hwang, MW Jung and DW Han
Livestock Environment Department, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
seosi@korea.kr

In this study, we hypothesized that ammonia emission from composting livestock manure can be mitigated bybiochar supplementation. Pig manure slurry, pumped out from a slot pit-based hog barn was subjected to a screentype liquid separator to obtain squeezed pig manure. The moisture of pig manure was adjusted to 70% by mixing
with sawdust. Subsequently, pig manure/sawdust mixture was supplemented with either rice hull (5%, v/v) as
control (n = 3) or rice hull biochar (5%, v/v) as treated (n = 3). As composting initiated by injecting air into themanure-filled chamber, compost temperature and concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and ammonia in theexhausted air were measured repeatedly using specific equipment. As air injection continued, the temperaturesof compost were slowly elevated to above 50 centigrade in both groups. It was noticeable that the compost
temperature was higher in the biochar treated group in early phase of composting (1–11 days) while it was lower
in late phase (11–25 days). Ammonia concentrations in the exhausted air was clearly influenced by biochar
supplementation. Within 24 h of aeration, ammonia concentrations in control, reached above 40 ppm, while it
was consistently below 25 ppm in treated group. When the effect of biochar supplementation on ammonia wascalculated in percent, highest ammonia mitigation observed was 70% on day 5 and 6. And average mitigation intreated group during early 10 days was 38%.
Keywords: livestock manure, composting, ammonia

This research was funded by the Rural Development Administration (Project No. PJ01594101) Republic of Korea.

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PP6-58A study on the composting characteristics of poultry
manure in an aerated static pile composting system under
low-temperature conditions
SY Park1, YJ Choi1, BK Kwak2 and SR Lee1
1

Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2KC Feed, Yeongcheon, Korea
leesr@konkuk.ac.kr

This study was conducted to investigate the composting characteristics of poultry manure in an aerated static
pile composting system under low-temperature conditions. Laying hen manure was composted for 10 weeks(fermentation periods, 7 weeks; ripening periods, 3 weeks) and the moisture of laying hen manure was controlledusing wood chips. The composting was performed on two groups (recycled wood chips and unused wood chips)
in three replicates, respectively. Air was provided from the bottom of the fermenter equipped with the aeration
tubes during the fermentation periods, and samples were collected after being stirred every week for chemicalcomposition and odor materials analysis. The temperature was daily measured by the outside, the surface, and thecore of the compost pile. The core temperature of the compost pile reached 70℃ after 6 days of composting in theunused wood chips group and reached after 2 days those of the recycled wood chips group. The Solvita maturity
score showed 4.0 points in both groups at 10 weeks of composting. The germination index and core temperature of
the recycled wood chips group increased faster than those of the unused wood chips group (p < 0.05). The core andthe surface temperature of the compost pile showed a highly positive correlation (p < 0.05) and the temperatureof the outside and the core temperature did not show significantly a correlation. This study is meaningful as basic
data that can contribute to the improvement of the quality of poultry manure compost under low-temperature
conditions.
Keywords: poultry manure, compost, maturity

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Animal Science Congress

PP6-60Effect of microbial inocula on composting properties of
livestock manure mixture in the winter season
MG Choi, JH Shin, YQ Wang, SG Moon, JY On and SK Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
mgchoi1997@gmail.com

In livestock manure composting, the level of heat generated by aerobic fermentation affects compost quality.
Compost quality generally decreases during low air temperatures like a winter. This study aimed to examine theeffect of selected microbes on the improvement of compost quality at low temperature. For the investigationof selected microbes, four small-scale compost piles were prepared in outdoor area and exposed at an averagetemperature of about 10℃ during the whole experiment period. Each compost pile was divided into the control
group, 0.1% addition group (T1), 0.5% addition group (T2), and 2.0% addition group (T3) by varying the level ofmicrobial agent. A total of 12 strains for the experimental purpose were used as microbial inocula, including strains
with good growth at low temperatures like Cupriavidus necator and ammonia utilization like Bacillus subtilis. As
a result of observation for a total of 156 hours at 12-hour intervals after composting, the maximum temperatureof the compost pile was reached at 36 hours. Each temperature was 42.2 ± 2.3℃ at control group, 40.9 ± 4.8℃ at
T1 group, 41.2 ± 2.4℃ at T2 group and 45.2 ± 1.1℃ at T3 group. The amount of ammonia generated was also thehighest at 36 hours. Each concentration was 553.3 ± 112.4 ppm/100 mL at control group, 636.7 ± 80.8 ppm/100
mL at T1 group, 533.3 ± 47.3 ppm/100 mL at T2 group, and 473.3 ± 98.7 ppm/100 mL at T3 group. When 2% of
microbial agent was added to the compost pile (T3), the average temperature value from all measurement points
was higher than that of other compost piles.
Keywords: compost, manure, microbial inocula, Cupriavidus necator				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l357

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-62

Effects of Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) manure on
corn cultivation
SG Hwang1, JE Byeon2, JK Lee1, MS Park1, NY Jo1, SR Kim2 and MG Lee1
1

Sangji University, Wonju, Korea, 2Sanji Unversity Industry Acadmic Cooperation Foundation,
Wonju, korea
sghwang9@sangji.ac.kr

When livestock manure fertilization the farmland, it is effective for soil improvement. However, livestock manure
should be able to substitute chemical fertilizers for the proper crop productivity aspect of agriculture. This study
explored the effects of Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) manure on plant growth and yield. We used the chemicalfertilizer (CF), commercial manure (CM), Hanwoo manure (HM), and the mixed fertilizer of HM and CF in thisstudy. The CF-treated plants showed an early silking date compared to others. The plant length was relatively
increased in the early growth stage of CF-treated plants, while the HM improved the growth rate in the later stageof plant development. The average leaf length and width had no significant differences among different treatments.
We found increased leaf number and chlorophyll content rates in plants under CF conditions. The ear length in
HM-treated plants was longer than that in others. Overall, the use of HM showed slow growth in the early stage ofplant development compared to CF. However, the crop productivity regarding the weights and diameters showedno significant difference compared to CF. Thus, the HM was able to replace the CF in corn cultivation.
Keywords: corn cultivation, Hanwoo cattle manure, livestock manure

This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture andForestry (IPET) and Korea Smart Farm R&D Foundation (KosFarm) through Smart Farm Innovation Technology
Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) and Ministry of
Science and ICT (MSIT), Rural Development Administration (RDA) (421046-03).

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PP6-64

Effects of swine manure refined liquid fertilizer and bio
liquid fertilizer (Chlorella) application on tomato growth
JK Lee1, JW Jung1, NY Jo1, SH Hong2, SR Kim2, SG Hwang1 and MG Lee1
1

Sangji University, Wonju, Korea, 2Sangji University Industry Academic
Cooperation Foundation, Wonju, Korea
jklee627@naver.com

As a liquid fertilizer from swine manure produced conventionally contains a relatively high concentration ofsuspended matters, there is a limit to using it as a fertigation system in the Greenhouse. In this study, The growth
characteristics of tomatoes (TY Charmant) on refined liquid fertilizer (less than SS 500 mg/L) and bio liquid
fertilizer (filtrate of Chlorella fusca cultivated with refined liquid fertilizers) developed in previous studies
was analyzed. The tomato cultivation experiment was conducted by supplying a nutrient solution at Rockwool
hydroponics (cocoslab) in the glasshouse. the properties of the nutrient solution used in the cultivation were (1)refined liquid fertilizers were N 382 mg/L, P 4.71 mg/L, K 515 mg/L, Ca 15.87 mg/L mg 57.43 mg/L and for (2)bio liquid fertilizers were N 381 mg/L, P 9.76 mg/L, K 305 mg/L, Ca 101 mg/L mg 7.21 mg/L and for (3) control(chemical solutions) were N 382 mg/L, P 170 mg/L, K 637 mg/L, Ca 382 mg/L. The growth survey results wereconducted after the third flower bloomed. The results are as follows (1) refined liquid fertilizers were 145cm inplant length, 23 cm in leaf width, and 0.6 cm in diameter, (2) bio liquid fertilizers were 167 cm in plant length, 28
cm in leaf width, and 0.8cm in diameter and (3) control were 157 cm in plant length, 34 cm in leaf width and 1.0
cm in diameter. In conclusion, for early growth of tomatoes showed a relatively high growth rate in the control
plots. However, there was no significant difference compared to the treated control plots of refined and bio liquid
fertilizers.
Keywords: swine manure, refined liquid fertilizer, bio liquid fertilizer, tomato

This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture andForestry (IPET) and Korea Smart Farm R&D Foundation (KosFarm) through Smart Farm Innovation Technology
Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) and Ministry of
Science and ICT (MSIT), Rural Development Administration (RDA) (421009-04).

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PP6-66

A study on the quality investigation of composts incattle manure
JW Jung1, SH Park1, SC Lee1, SH Hong2, SR Kim2 and MG Lee1
1

Sangji University, Wonju, Korea, 2Sangji University Industry Academic
Cooperation Foundation, Wonju, Korea
0728jjw@naver.com

The compost from livestock manure improves soil fertility and is an excellent source of plant nutrition. However,
due to poor quality control of compost from livestock manure, side effects such as immature compost, excess
fertilization, and odor emission occur. This study analyzed 51 composts from Hanwoo farms for quality control.
Analysis items are by (A) 'the Standards for compost and liquid fertilizer' 「Enforcement Decree of Act on theManagement and Use Of Livestock Excreta」 and (B) 'the Standards for compost from livestock manure' of 「Theofficial standard of commercial fertilizer」. The results are as follows. (A) 34 samples met the 'the Standards forcompost and liquid fertilizer.' Reasons for nonconformity are excess moisture content (9 samples) and excess
NaCl (11 samples). Also, (B) 6 samples met the 'the Standards for compost from livestock manure.' Reasonsfor nonconformity are shortfall organic matter (28 samples), excess NaCl (21 samples), excess moisture content(33 samples), shortfall seed germination (20 samples), and shortfall C/N ratio (5 samples). In conclusion, quality
control is essential because livestock manure compost for consumers (crop farmers) is directly related to crop
productivity. Therefore, to increase the preference for livestock manure compost, it is considered necessary todevelop a new technology that meets the 'compost and liquid manure standard' and the 'livestock manure compost
standard.'
Keywords: Hanwoo, livestock manure, compost, quality control

This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture andForestry (IPET) and Korea Smart Farm R&D Foundation (KosFarm) through Smart Farm Innovation Technology
Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) and Ministry of
Science and ICT (MSIT), Rural Development Administration (RDA) (421046-03).

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PP6-68

Effects of grazing on fecal microbiota of growing horses
JH Yoo, JY Choi, JA Lee, SM Shin, MC Shin, HA Kim, YJ Kang, HC Ji, IC Cho and BC Yang
Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Jeju, Korea
yoojihyun1@korea.kr

Grazing can be helpful to produce healthy and socialized horses and important for their welfare. Therefore, thisstudy was conducted to uncover the effects of grazing for horse’s fecal microbiota and offer fundamental data about
grazing for horse farms. Twelve female growing horses were raised for about seven months. They were separated
by two treatments, grazing and stable. The horses in the grazing were raised in about 1.5 ha of pasture whichmainly consisted of ochard grass and tallfescue and given the concentrate at 1% of their body weights. The horsesof the stable were raised in an about 100 m2 in stable and given the same amount of concentrate and ochard grassas roughage. The fecal samples were collected at the end of raising. The fecal microbiota was characterized on
the basis of the V3–V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. At phylum level, the taxonomic compositionof Fibrobacteres of the horses in the grazing treatments (1.7%) was siginificantly lower than that in the stable
treatments (7.2%) (p < 0.05). Fibrobacteres are known as the microbiota related on digestion of lignocellulic
materials. Different feed types(fresh and dried roughage) might affect intestine of the horses. The taxonomic
composition of Spirochaetes of the horses in the grazing treatments (4.7%) was lower than that in the stable
treatments (7.7%) (p = 0.0507). Spirochaetes are known as the microbiota related on dermatitis of the horses andcattles. It could mean that pasture environment might be beneficial in terms of the skin diseases and welfare. These
results might be utilized to develop horse grazing system.
Keywords: growing horses, grazing, fecal microbiota

Mean ± standard diviation (* indicates p < 0.05)

Figure 1. Comparison taxonomic composition of the horses’ fecal microbiota in pylum level after raised in pasture and stables

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PP7-2

Examine the impact of feed correction on steroid hormonesand biochemical blood in Saanen crossbreed goats bytraditional farmers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
PI Sitaresmi1, MF Hudaya1 and DT Widayati2
1

National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN), 2Department of Animal Breeding andReproduction, Faculty of Animal Science and Industry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Pradita.iustitia.sitaresmi@brin.go.id

The Saanen crossbred goats are one of the superior dairy commodities that have the potential to be developed
especially in Indonesia as it can grow and develop well in various agroecosystems. Analyses of blood metabolites
and steroid hormones can be linked with health and nutrition monitoring so it can uncover disturbances and help
to find maintenance solutions. The formulation of dairy goats ration was a very important aspect. Energy-protein
supplementation is frequently required to improve the performance of national dairy goats but some study also
found that the excessive protein supplementation could lead some depletion reproductive efficiency by interfering
the metabolism of reproductive hormones so that it is intriguing to review. The purpose of this study was toestablish the effects of increased protein and feed energy that can affect reproductive performance reflected in theconcentration of the biochemical profile of blood and reproductive steroid hormones. Fifteen Saanen crossbred
goat, which were raised by traditional farmers from 2 to 4 years old, divided on three experiments. The treatments
consisted of T0 = basal feed according to the feed given by farmers, T1 = protein, and energy balanced feedaccording to NRC, T2 = feed > 20% excess protein and excess energy from NRC given for two months. The
experimental design used the factorial method. Statistically significant data on different results were further tested
with the post hoc LSD test. Research results showed that livestock with a balanced diet (T1) pattern gave the most
optimal biochemical profile of blood and steroid hormones compared to other ration groups (p < 0.05) so that they
could be used as a reference in good feed management.
Keywords : BCS, blood profile, estrus cycle, feed correction, Saanen crossbreed does, steroid hormones

362

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-4

The effect of oridonin on sperm functions via inhibition of
the PI3K/PDK1/AKT signaling pathway
JM Hwang1, JH Jo2, SI Jang2, EJ Jung1, WJ Lee1, JW Bae1 and WS Kwon,2
1

Department ot Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department ot Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
ghkdwnal00@gmail.com

Oridonin, a natural terpenoids isolated from the leaves of Isodon rubescens (Hemsley) H. Hara, is widely usedoriental medicine for anti-cancer capacity in several cancer types. However, little is known about the toxic effectsof oridonin on male reproduction, especially sperm functions and the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, thepresent study was designed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of oridonin on sperm functions. Firstly,
spermatozoa treated with oridonin (0, 5, 50, 75, 100, and 150 μΜ) were incubated to induce capacitation. Then,various sperm functions (sperm motility and motion kinematics, capacitation status, ATP level, and cell viability)
were evaluated. Finally, the expression levels of PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)/PDK1 (phosphoinositidedependent kinase-1)/AKT (protein kinase B) signaling pathway-related proteins and phosphor-tyrosine proteins
were analyzed. As a result, oridonin induced detrimental effects on most sperm functions in a dose-dependent
manner. Moreover, it was shown that AKT, p-AKT (thr308), PTEN, p-PDKa, and p-PI3K were significantly
decreased after treatment with oridonin. In addition, an abnormal increase of phosphor-tyrosine proteins wasobserved. Consequently, our results suggest that oridonin induced abnormal levels of tyrosine-phosphorylated
proteins by inhibiting the PI3K/PDK1/AKT signaling pathway associated with cell proliferation, cell metabolism,
and apoptosis, then may induce detrimental effects on sperm functions. Therefore, we suggest that it may beneeded consideration of reproductive toxicity when oridonin is used as a therapeutic reagent.
Keywords: oridonin, spermatozoa, PI3K/PDK1/AKT signaling pathway, sperm functions

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PP7-6

Effect of high-fat diet on testicular functionof SIRT1-KO male mice
M Chandanee Romesha1, SM Lee2 and YJ Yi1
1Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
mrcromeshani@gmail.com

SIRT1, the most conserved NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase that involves in regulation of energy metabolism,
genomic stability, and development. SIRT1-knockout (KO) mice have been reported to reduce energy consumption
and hypersensitivity to high-fat diet (HFD), and SIRT1 deficiency in testis can also cause male infertility in animal.
Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the alteration of testicular function on HFD of SIRT1KO mice. Six-week-old wild-type (WT) and SIRT1-KO male mice were fed ad libitum with either a control lowfat diet (LFD) or a HFD for 32 weeks, and then were sacrificed. The levels of hepatotoxicity, sex hormones, andcytokines were analyzed in serum, and blood-testis barrier (BTB) and sperm morphology were examined in testis
and epididymal spermatozoa. Interestingly, the enlargement of seminal vesicles was observed in SIRT1-KO micewith HFD. A significantly higher level of hepatotoxicity was measured in SIRT1-KO-HFD. The concentration ofserum testosterone increased in SIRT1-KO-HFD compared to controls. The levels of IL-1β and TNF-α increased inboth WT-HFD and SIRT1-KO-HFD. In real-time PCR, the RNA expression of occludin and claudin-11 increasedin SIRT1-KO-HFD compared to controls, while the TJP2 expression is significantly decreased. The motility andconcentration of epididymal sperm were lower in both WT and SIRT1-KO with HFD compared to those of micewith LFD. Taken together, SIRT1 deficiency interferes with energy metabolism in HFD, which can affect thedevelopment of reproductive organ and production of sex hormones and function of testis and spermatozoa inanimal. Supported by NRF grant funded by MSIT (2020R1A2C1014007).
Keywords: SIRT1, high-fat diet, cytokines, spermatogenesis364

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP7-8

Using ultrasonic-derived ovum pick-up technology,
efficiency of embryo development in elk on oocyte
recovery conditions
ED Lee, DK Kim, BH Choi and KW Kim
Animal Genetics Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Hamyang, Gyeongnam, Korea
led9126@korea.kr

This study was conducted for the establishment of embryo culture using OPU technology for elk deer, which
are widely raised in Korea. When oocyte recovering, the recovery rate and development rate were confirmed by
dividing into 4 groups (50 mmHg, 60 mmHg, 70 mmHg, 80 mmHg). In the 50 mmHg group, the recovery rate was
65.79%, and the oocyte ratio of grade A was 40%. The fertilization rate was 81.25%, and the embryo development
rate was 37.5%. In the 60 mmHg group, the recovery rate was 63.41%, and the oocyte ratio of grade A was 23.1%.
The fertilization rate was found to be 80.00%, and the embryo development rate was 40.0%. In the 70 mmHg
group, the recovery rate was 61.54%, and the oocyte ratio of grade A was 18.75%. The fertilization rate wasfound to be 70.00%, and the embryo development rate was 20.0%. In the 80 mmHg group, the recovery rate was
77.27%, and the oocyte ratio of grade A was 11.76%. The fertilization rate was found to be 62.5%, and the embryo
development rate was 12.5%. In the results, through comparison according to the recovery pressure, the higher
the pressure, the higher the recovery rate, but in the oocyte ratio of grade A and the embryo development rate, thehigher the 50 mmHg group. It is expected that if the in-vitro culture technology will be developed by increasing
oocyte collection efficiency.
Keywords: elk, embryo, in-vitro culture, OPU

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PP7-10Interaction of intestinal environment and alkaline
phosphatase activity in mice
WM Dissanayake Nadeema1, M Chandanee Romesha1, JM Heo2 and YJ Yi1
1Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
nadeemadissanayaka9544@gmail.com

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is an endogenous protein secreted by the intestinal epithelium. IAP has theability to act as a mucosal defense factor and help to maintain intestinal homeostasis by detoxification of bacterial
endotoxins, regulation of intestinal microbiome and intestinal lipid absorption. Intestinal microbes are responsible
for maintaining intestinal health, which affects normal immune activity and energy metabolism in the body.
Therefore, the present study was performed to investigate the interaction of intestinal environment and alkaline
phosphatase activity in mice. Young male mice of 9-weeks-age were administered a high dose of antibiotics to
induce the dysbiosis, then were sacrificed after 4 weeks and serum and intestinal organs were collected. Proteinsin the intestinal samples were extracted, and the activation of IAP was measured after adjusting the protein
concentration. A quantitative real-time PCR analysis of RNA from intestinal samples was performed using
primers for tight junction protein (TJP)-1, TJP-2, occludin, claudin, cadherin-1 and relative expression levels were
calculated. As a result, alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly lower in intestine of mice induced withdysbiosis than that of control mice (p < 0.05). The expression levels of TJP-2 and cadherin-2 have been shown
significantly lower values in intestinal samples from mice induced with dysbiosis, compared to a control group.
In conclusion, intestinal microbiome imbalances reduce IAP activation and TJP expression levels, which canaffect the integrity and function of intestinal cells. Therefore, continuous research on efficient animal health care isneeded to maintain the balance of microbiomes through improvement of the intestinal environment.
Keywords: microbiomes, dysbiosis, alkaline phosphatase, tight junction proteins366

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP7-12A survey on claw lesions of sows in Korea
JH Jeong1, SJ Han2 and JH Han2
1

Farm Link Inc, Daejeon, Korea, 2Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
hanjh@kangwon.ac.kr

Leg lameness in sows is one of the main reasons for culling, causing huge economic losses in pig farms. There
are various causes of lameness, and one of the main causes of lameness is the claw lesion. The purpose of thisstudy was to investigate the claw lesions of sows on domestic farms. This survey was conducted on 906 sows infive ordinary farms. 183 sows in the first parity, 183 sows in the second parity, 97 sows in the third parity, 123
sows in the fourth parity, 67 sows in the fifth parity, and 253 sows in the sixth-twelfth parities were surveyed. The
claw lesions observed in the study included the cracked wall vertical (CWV), cracked wall horizontal (CWH),
differences in the length of dew claws (D), and differences in the length of toes (T). Each claw lesion of the sowswas given 0-3 points in proportion to the degree of the lesion. One or more claw lesions were found in the 95.6%
sows investigated. Claw lesions of front legs were found in 86.1%, and claw lesions of hind legs were found in
91.8%. The cracked wall vertical (CWV) was observed in 812 head (89.6%) of the sows and was the most common
claw lesion. In sows, the incidence rate and score of claw lesions gradually increased with parity. The incidence ofclaw lesions was 90.2% in parity 1 and 99.6% at parity 6 or more.

Table 1. Average claw lesion score index of sow according to parity of sow
ParityFront leg

Hind leg

Avg

No of sows showing claw lesions (%)

1

2.09 (± 1.97)

2.67 (± 2.18)

4.76 (± 3.30)

165/183 (90.2)

2

2.84 (± 2.42)

3.80 (± 3.10)

6.64 (± 4.45)

168/183 (9.8)

3

2.90 (± 2.34)

4.39 (± 3.20)

7.29 (± 4.15)

95/97 (97.9)

4

3.56 (± 2.51)

5.25 (± 3.33)

8.81 (± 4.33)

120/123 (97.6)

5

2.61 (± 2.09)

4.49 (± 2.89)

7.10 (± 3.23)

66/67 (98.5)

6–12

3.35 (± 2.51)

5.94 (± 3.90)

9.29 (± 5.29)

252/253 (99.6)* p < .05 (post hoc: scheffe test).

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PP7-14

Advancement of estrus detection based on comprehensive
consideration of biometric data in dairy cows
EJ Jeon, JH Lee, DS Kim, DJS Jung, DH Kim, KS Lee, KS Ki,
DH Lim, JK Son, SS Hwang and MH Han
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea
Jeonej12@korea.kr

The faster and more reliable monitoring of estrus in dairy cows is essential for farmers to save labor and improvetheir income. Recently, with the development of the internet of things (IoT), various biometric information
devices have been proposed to detect estrus, but farms are still facing many challenges in breeding management.
Comprehensive consideration concerning biometric factors could lead to the advancement of estrus detection. The
present study was conducted to investigate changes in activity and rumination time according to the progression of
estrus. An electronic monitoring system (HR-TAG, SCR Engineers Ltd., Netanya, Israel) was used to continuously
monitor activity and rumination time for three days before and after the estrus for each individual. The biometricdata from a total of 62 dairy cows (57 Holstein cows; 5 Jersey cows) were collected at 2-h intervals per day, and7,500 data were finally used. The activity was significantly higher on estrus day (0: 51.93 ± 0.93) compared withother days around estrus (p < 0.0001). The rumination time was decreased from 3 days to the estrus day, but it
was increased after estrus day. The rumination time was significantly lower on estrus day (0: 442.9 ± 1.88) whencompared to other days (p < 0.0001). These results suggest that comprehensive consideration of factors such asactivity and rumination time provides a better realization of the early detection of estrus in dairy cows.
Keywords: activity, biometric data, estrus detection, rumination time368

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP7-16

Impact of goat milk on boar sperm production in summer
SJ Yun1, GS Shim1, SH Kim2, JW Choi3 and JD Kim1
1

Yonam College, Cheonan, Korea, 2Darbey Genetics Inc., Anseong, Korea,
3
ChoiJungWon Goat Milk Co., Taebaek, Korea
ysj@yonam.ac.kr

Supplementation of goat milk has been anecdotally acknowledged for its effectiveness in relieving reproductive
dysfunction. Heat stress usually causes summer stress and results in declined reproductive performance of boars.
This study was conducted to investigate the impact of goat milk on the boar’s semen production pattern during
the summer season. Eighteen Duroc boars (Sus domesticus) divided into three treatment groups, each of six, wereassigned one of the three goat milk feeding treatments such as zero, 500 mL, and 1,000 mL per day for 270 days.
The 500 mL milk-fed group produced greater semen than the zero or 1,000 mL fed group. The sperm concentration
was highest when fed 1,000 mL, followed by zero and 500 mL. The degree of sperm concentration increase wassignificantly higher in the groups fed goat milk than zero milk-fed group between June and July. Beginning from
May, the total sperm count of boars provided 1,000 mL was the highest, but the degree of increase in that period
was highest when fed 500 mL. Obtained results from this feeding trial suggest some effectiveness of goat milk inenhancing boars’ reproductivity during the summer season. Further research is required to confirm boar's physicalresponses to goat milk feeding under a heat-stressed environment.
Keywords: goat milk, boar, sperm production, summer season

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP7-18Porcine oocyte quality is protected in a modified hydrated
sodium calcium aluminosilicate diet from zearalenone toxicity
Ming-Hong Sun, Shao-Chen Sun and Xiang-Shun Cui
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
475195810@qq.com

Zearalenone (ZEN) is one of the most common mycotoxins produced by fungus in contaminated feed. ZEN has
multiple toxicities, including reproductive toxicity of domestic animals, particularly pigs. However, studies on theeffects of ZEN on ovary/oocytes have been primarily based on in vitro experiments, and there is still no evidence
from porcine in vivo models due to multiple limitations. Moreover, no report has investigated the effect of hydrated
sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) as a supplement on pig oocyte quality. In the present study, we fed pigs
a 1.0 mg/kg ZEN-contaminated diet for 10 days. The results showed that pigs fed ZEN presented reduced oocytecumulus cell interactions, an increase in the number of denuded oocytes in ovaries, a decrease in the numberof oocytes in each ovary, and an increase in the oocyte death rate. Oocytes from ZEN-exposed pigs exhibited adelayed cell cycle and abnormal cytoskeletal dynamics during meiotic maturation, which could be due to oxidative
stress-induced autophagy. Moreover, we also show that supplementing the ZEN-contaminated diet with modified
HSCAS effectively protected porcine oocyte quality. Taken together, our study provides in vivo data demonstrating
the protective effects of HSCAS against ZEN toxicity in porcine oocytes.
Keywords: autophagy, oocyte, oxidative stress, porcine, zearalenone

370

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP7-20The effect of nitric oxide on the motility of rooster semen
and acrosome cap reaction
GY Lee, JY Lee, CL Kim, YG Ko and SW Kim
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea
sungwoo@korea.kr

Nitric Oxide (NO), one of the free radicals, plays diverse physiological roles in neurons, immunity, reproduction,and the gastrointestinal system. Recently, NO was known as a regulatory factor in acrosome reaction in
mammalian spermatozoa. However, there is no information on acrosome reaction and sperm damage in rooster
sperm. To reveal the function of NO signals on acrosome cap reaction on rooster spermatozoa, the well-known
chemicals, S-Nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP) and S-Methylisothiourea hemisulfate salt (SMT), wereused to activate NO production or to inhibit iNOS activity. When the NO donor, SNAP 5 µM, was treated in the
BPSE diluent with fresh semen for 1h, sperm motility was increased (83.4 ± 3.4% vs 89.9 ± 3.3%) but SNAP 25µM decreased motility to 78.8 ± 4.0%. However, the iNOS inhibitor, SMT 35 µM did not affect the motility offresh sperm for 1, 3, and 6 h but 250 µM drastically inhibited the motility of fresh sperm with time laps (87.9±4.3%,
73.3 ± 2.8%, and 60.9 ± 10.8%). The analysis of acrosome cap reaction by CBB staining showed that a higher
concentration of NO doner stimulated the acrosome reaction. These results showed that NO could regulate themotility of spermatozoa with different effects via bimodal action with concentration regulation. However, theactivity of iNOS is believed as essential in survival during cryopreservation because the higher concentration of
SMT lowered the motility of frozen-thaw spermatozoa.
Keywords: nitric oxide, sperm, rooster, acrosome				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP7-22The effect of estro synchronization treatment in Hanwoo
repeat breeder
SR Cho1, SS Kang1, UH Kim1, BH Park1, JI Won1, S Jin1, SS Chang1, HJ Lee1,MS Park1, SH Lee2, JG Yoo 2 and DS Yu3
1

Hanwoo Research Institute, Kangwondo 25340, Korea, 21508, Senam-ro, Sanpo-myeon, Naju-si,
Jeollanam-do, Korea
chosr@korea.kr

The purpose of Hanwoo breeding cattle is to produce calves every year. Therefore, the ability to breed is closely
related to farm income. This study was conducted to investigate the production of calves and improve theproductivity of Elite cows by improving the breeding rate of repeat-breder in Hanwoo farm. Generally, estrous
synchronization is a technique that matches the estrous date of the cow, which regulates the development of thefollicles or artificially regulates luteal maintenance or degeneration to make the estrous manifest at a certain time.
In our study, two estrous synchronization treatment techniques were used. The first synchronization process was
performed by CIDR PLUS, PG and GnRH + AI. Pregnancy rate was 53.6% heifer, 51.9% cow, and 52.7% overall.
The second CIDR + GnRH, PG, and GnRH,AI results showed that heifer 78.6% and cow 88.9%, respectively,
and 83.6% of the results were overall. The results of the comparison between the two methods showed that thesecond treatment method was significantly higher at the p < 0.05 level. In conclusion, estrous synchronization iseffective when repeat breadder is generated, and CIDR + GnRH, PG, and GnRH, AI methods will be helpful for
productivity improvement.
Keywords: Hanwoo, repeat-breeder, cow, heifer, pregnancy rate
Table 1. The Results of pregnancy between estus synchronization methods in Hanwoo repeat Breeder
MethodDistinction

Heads

CIDR + PLUS

Heifer

28

-

Cow

27

238.1 ± 172.32

Sub-Total

55

Heifer

28

-

-

Cow

27

110.1 ± 38.32

Sub-Total

55-

CIDR + GnRH

a.b

Non-pregnant period

ParityRe-estrus rate (%)

Pregnancy (%)-

9(32.1)15(53.6)

2.37 ± 1.39

13(48.1)

14(51.9)22(40.0)29(52.7)5(17.9)22(78.6)

1.57 ± 0.76

3(9.0)

24(88.9)-8(14.5)46(83.6)

Values with different superscript in the same colimn were significantly different (p < 0.05.)372

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-24Comparison with quality of porcine cumulus oocyte
complexes proteins using 2 dimensional electrophoresis
JE Lee, SY Kim and DI Jin
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
lje9090@hanmail.net

Porcine cumulus cell layers are thought to influence various fundamental functions during oocyte maturation. The
expansion of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) is known to highly correlate with oocyte maturation, fertilization,and embryonic development. In this study, we performed two dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and MALDITOF analysis using porcine COCs proteins. Porcine COCs were collected from ovary follicles and classified as
the good-quality group and the poor-quality group based on cumulus cell layers around oocyte. The COCs protein
samples were separated in a pH 3.0–10.0 IPG gels for the first dimension, and then 8–16% SDS-PAGE gel for thesecond dimension. Gel image analysis was performed in protein spots between good- and poor-quality groups,
and then differential protein spots were identified using MALDI-TOF analysis. There were more than 300 protein
spots in the 2-DE gel image obtained from 1mg protein samples of COCs. Five differential protein spots wereidentified by gel image analysis with more than 1.5-fold differences. All 5 protein spots were up-regulated in goodquality group and revealed as transferrin, tight junction protein ZO-2, tubulin beta chain, meiosis-specific nuclear
structural protein 1 and dynamin 1-like isoform 4 in good. Our results indicated the identification of 5 differentiallyexpressed proteins in the porcine good-quality COCs and these protein profiles will make available important
guides for porcine good oocyte selection for the production of in vitro embryos.
Keywords: porcine, cumulus oocyte complexes, 2 dimensional electrophoresis

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PP7-26A deep learning-based intelligent pregnancy diagnosis insow stall environment
SJ Sa1, HJ Park1, YH Choi1, ES Cho1, YS Kim1, JW Chae2, TK Kim3 and HC Cho2,41

Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Korea, 2Interdisciplinary
Graduate Program for BIT Medical Convergence, Kangwon National University, Korea, 3Department
of Electronic Engineering, Kangwon National University, Korea, 4Department of Electronics
Engineering and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Korea
soojinsa@korea.kr

The breeding management of sows is directly related to the profits of swine farms, and pregnancy diagnosis is
one of the most important factors. The necessity of diagnosing pregnancy in sows is emphasized, and various
investigations have been conducted until now. In this study, we propose an ultrasound-based method for diagnosing
swine pregnancy. Ultrasound pregnancy diagnosis is the most commonly used technique in swine farms, and thegoal was to determine the pregnancy diagnosis with high accuracy through ultrasound images, which could only
be confirmed by experienced experts. Therefore, there is a need for deep-learning-based techniques to facilitate
pregnancy diagnosis. In the current study, the InceptionV4 deep learning-based classification algorithm wasused. Inception-v4 is a CNN (convolutional neural network) architecture that builds on previous iterations of
the Inception family by cutting down the structure and using more inception modules than the previous version.
In addition, two types of noise, Gaussian and speckle, commonly seen in ultrasound images were added. As aresult, the performance of pregnancy diagnosis was determined with an accuracy of 0.98 in the original ultrasoundimages, and in the image with noise, it shows an accuracy of 0.84 and 0.71 depending on the intensity of noise.
Therefore, we recommend using a deep learning-based classification algorithm for pregnancy diagnosis.
Keywords: ultrasound, neural network, image processing, pregnancy diagnosis, sow374l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-28

Simple temperature monitoring device for the safty ofliquid nitrogen tank
SW Kim, GY Lee, SS Lee, JY Lee, CL Kim and YG Ko
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea
sungwoo@korea.kr

Liquid nitrogen (LN2) has been used for cryopreservation of animal genetic materials like frozen semen,oocyte, embryos, and cell. The suspended status of living materials is easy to lose their viability during the
cryopreservation periods. The repeated filling of LN2 could be one cause of temperature fluctuation which affects
the viability of frozen materials. Therefore, adaptation of the temperature monitoring facility to the static statusof low temperature is an essential part of the maintenance of the cryo-banking system. To develop the device
for monitoring temperature, the hollow straw and gravity pin was packed into the pure ethanol which freeze at–114.1℃. When the device was frozen into LN2 with a gravity pin, placed at the upper area, and placed into cane,
the elevated temperature at –110℃ can cause the ethanol to melt away. So, the gravity pin was moved to the lower
part of the straw automatically which marks the over-exposure status at a damaging temperature. The fallen statusof the gravity pin could be monitored by naked eyes. The falling time of the gravity pin, measured in a normal
environment of the air, in 0.5 mL straw was 14.0 ± 3.2 to 26.7 ± 1.8 sec and in 0.25 mL straw was 10.0 ± 1.6 to
18.9 ± 2.0 sec. With these results, a simple device for monitoring temperature safety could be used for the LN2tank and the most economical device could be helpful for LN2 tank or deep freezer in laboratory.
Keywords: temperature monitoring device, ethanol, straw, gravity pin				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP7-30

Risk of pregnancy in dairy cows with normal or
pathological puerperal examination according to the typeof vaginal discharge before the voluntary waiting period
D Scandolo1, A Cuatrin2, P Lopez del Cerro3, E Ortega3, M Casas3,
M Picca3, D Camisasso4, J Camisasso4 and M Maciel1
1

EEA INTA Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina, 2EEA INTA Paraná, Ente Ríos, Argentina, 3Actividad
Privada, Córdoba, Argentina, 4La Querencia SRL, Saturnino María Laspiur, Córdoba, Argentina
The objective was to determine the conception rate and when dairy cows become pregnant according to the puerperal
examination diagnosis, Normal or Metritis, which presented either mucus or purulent vaginal discharge before devoluntary waiting period (VWP). Holstein cows (n = 110) from an Argentinian dairy herd were examined at 7.4 ± 3.6
days postpartum (PP); there were considered “Normal” or “Metritis” to those with abnormally enlarged uterus andreddish-brown watery fetid discharge. At 34.0 ± 6.8 days PP there were re-examined with Metricheck® to categorize
the vaginal discharge (PVD) as: 0 = translucent mucus, 1 = cloudy mucus, 2 = mucopurulent ( < 50% pus), and 3= purulent( > 50% pus). Scores 0 and 1 were considered PVD-; scores ≥ 2 were considered PVD+. All cows wereenrolled for heat detection-artificial insemination protocols with prostaglandins from 45 days PP and analysed until
160 days PP. Chi square tests and the method of Kaplan-Meier were performed. During the puerperal examination, the
65.4% were “Normal” and the 34.5% “Metritis”. Previous to VWP, 42.7% were Normal/PVD-, 22.7% were Normal/
PVD+, 16.4% were Metritis/PVD- and 18.2% were Metritis/PVD+. Association was established between puerperal
examination and PVD with first-service conception rate (FSCR) (p = 0.0535) and pregnancy overall (PO) (p = 0.0006).
FSCR in Normal/PVD- was 31.9%, in Normal/PVD+ was 44.0% and Metritis/PVD- was 38.8%, while in Metritis/
PVD+ was 10.0%. The PO was 76.6% in Normal/PVD-, 72.0% in Normal/PVD+ and 66.7% in Metritis/PVD-, while
in Metritis/PVD+ was 25.5%. Metritis/PVD+ have negative effect on time to pregnancy until 160 days postpartum(p = 0.004719). It is concluded that cows with Metritis/PVD+ are associated with lower pregnancy and a risk with alonger calving-conception interval.

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-32Comparative effectiveness of full-length and b-domain of
visfatin in a mouse model of premature ovarian failure
Min Jung Park1, Seok Heon Kim2, Ji Myung Choi2, Juhwa Baek1, Byeongmin An2,
Hyunseok Choi2 and Bo Sun Joo1,2,3
1

The Korea Institute for Public Sperm Bank, Busan, Korea, 2Lab to Medi CRO, Korea, 3Infertility
Institute, Pohang Women’s Hospital, Pohang, Korea
bosunjoo@hanmail.net

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is characterized by deficient ovarian sex hormone and markedly decreases inovarian function, which leads to infertility. Recently, we developed a novel infertility treatment strategy thatenables fertility through activation of dormant primordial follicles and ovarian angiogenesis by administering
visfatin in aged mice. However, the potential effect of visfatin on the treatment of POF and the underlying major
sites have not been elucidated. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect and ameliorating fertility deficits
of full-length and B-domain of visfatin in 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD)-induced POF model in C57BL/6
female mice. POF model groups were established by a single intraperitoneal injection of VCD (160 mg/kg) for 15
consecutive days. Female mice were intraperitoneally injected three times with full-length and B-domains (500 and
1,000 ng/mL) of visfatin at 2-day intervals, and both ovaries were provided for H&E and IHC staining. In anotherexperiment, visfatin-treated mice were mated with male mice for 2 weeks to monitor pregnancy outcomes.
Full-length and B-domain injection of visfatin significantly improved the number of follicles compared with
control. Moreover, treatment of visfatin improved fertility deficits in VCD-induced POF model mice comparedto the control group. Our findings indicated that the present study shows that administration of full-length aswell as the B domain of visfatin improves ovarian function and fertility potential in VCD-induced POF mice bymodulating the ovarian signaling pathways for activation of primordial follicles.
Keywords: visfatin, premature ovarian failure, 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, fertility, angiogenesis

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PP7-34

Evaluation of estrus on rumen environment, behavioral
activity, and physiological changes in Korean native
breeding cattle
JY Kim1, YH Jo1, JS Lee1, HW Jin2, HK Ko3, DY Shin3, SR Lee1 and HG Lee1
1

Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2Dongbang S&D Co., Ltd, Seoul, Korea, 3National Agricultural
Cooperative Federation Agribusiness Group, NongHyup, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
Querer6@naver.com

The present study was performed to evaluate the data (rumen temperature, behavioral activity) using a rumen
sensor, as well as physiological changes depending on estrus of Hanwoo cows. A rumen sensor (Dongbang S&D
Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea) was inserted into a total of 17 Hanwoo cows (average age of 35.5 months). On the dayof estrus and during the non-estrus period, the rumen temperature and activity were collected through the rumen
sensor. Additionally, we investigated the number of drinking and mounting, and the levels of intravaginal mucus
resistance and vaginal temperature in breeding cattles. Estrus cattles were showed an increased the number ofmounting (0 vs 37.4 times/day), an increased vaginal temperature (38.4℃ vs 39.0℃), and a decreased vaginal
mucus resistance (197.4Ω vs 136.3 Ω). Based on these results, we further analyzed that index of ‘8’ of estrus
group’s rumen activity was higher than that of non-estrus group (p < 0.01). The estrus group was showed anincreased rumen temperature (p = 0.01) compared to non-estrus group. In conclusion, we suggest that the detection
for estrus’s Hanwoo cows using the rumen sensor can help to improve the profits of Hanwoo breeding farms by
shortening the vacancy period and reducing the labor force.
Keywords: rumen sensor, estrus, breeding cattle378

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-36

Two-cell development arrest by DNA damage-induced cell
cycle checkpoint in SOD1-deficient mouse embryos
Fuka Sato, Misako Tatehana and Naoko Kimura
Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science,Yamagata University,
Tsuruoka, Japan
1017satou1999@gmail.com

Failure of embryonic development are more frequent in vitro matured and fertilized embryos as compared to invivo-derived embryos. Molecular elucidations of these failures would lead to increased productivity of embryos thatcan be transplanted and improve the fertility of the individual. We have previously reported that the development
of SOD1-deficient mouse (SOD1-/-) embryos under conventional culture condition is arrested at the 2-cell stage.
And the addition of ascorbic acid (AsA) to medium rescues the developmental arrest. In this study, we investigated
the factors involved in cell cycle transitions from 2-cell stage to 4-cell stage in SOD1-/- embryos. Oocytes fromsuperovulated ICR SOD1-/- and Wild type mouse (WT) females were fertilized in vitro and then cultured for 40
hours in the presence or absence of 500 μM AsA. The expressions of γH2AX, p-ATM, p-p53, P21, BrdU, CDC25,
CDC2 and CyclinB1 were evaluated in each genotype 2-cell embryo. γH2AX was clearly detected in nucleus of
SOD1-/- embryos. There was no significant difference in expressions of p21 and BrdU uptake involved in the G1/
S checkpoint between the two genotypes. The G2/M checkpoint factor, CyclinB1 was significantly lower in the
SOD1-/- embryos as compared with WT and SOD1-/- +500 μM AsA embryos. The results suggest that the cell
cycle of 2-cell arrested SOD1-/- embryos may implied in G2/M stage after the G1/S stage progression.
Keywords: oxidative stress, cell-cycle checkpoints, superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1)				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP7-38A study on fertilized Korean beef embryo transplantation
using Ovum Pick-Up technology in Jeollanam-do
DJ Yu, JE Kim, SG Choi, JY Jung
Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research & Extension Service Livestock Research Center, Seoul Korea
ydj94@korea.kr

In this study, Ovum Pick-Up technology was used to create a foundation for breeding high-quality Korean
beef targeting farmers in Jeollanam-do. For the production of embryos, oocytes collected by Ovum Pick-Up
technology from cows selected as excellent Korean beef were cultured and fertilized in vitro, and then developed
into transplantable embryos. In the recipient, the fertility rate of the subject 3 months after transplantation wasinvestigated. As a result of the fertility rate survey, 32 out of 68 embryo transplants after estrus synchronization
were confirmed to be pregnant (47.1%), and 75 of 141 transplanted to Recipients spontaneous estrus were pregnant(54.2%). Based on the results of this study, if additional research is conducted to improve the low fertility rate,
which is a disadvantage of embryo transplantation, and high-cacity cows are continuously selected and used ascows for embryo transplantation, it is considered to be helpful in accelerating the improvement of Jellanam-do
Korean beef.
Keywords: Ovum Pick-Up, embryo transfer, Korean beef380

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP7-40Bisphenol A alters histone-protamine replacement in themale reproductive system through epigenetic changes
DY Ryu, YJ Park, Rahman Md Saidur, Adegoke Elikanah Olusayo, WK Pang,
BM Lee, SM Hwang and MG Pang
Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University,
Anseong si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea
Ilky6618@gmail.com

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely distributed endocrine-disrupting chemical in the environment. It has been linked tomale infertility in animals and humans due to BPA effects on epigenetic regulation, such as histone modification
and DNA methylation. Despite numerous research confirming the impact of BPA on epigenetic regulation,
fundamental concerns about how BPA causes epigenetic changes and the underlying mechanism of BPA on theentire male reproductive system remain unresolved. Interestingly, our preliminary study identified that histonefamily genes that play a vital role in the epigenetic alteration and histone-to-protamine transition were differentiallyexpressed in the testes and spermatozoa in response to BPA exposure. We, therefore, sought to investigate theeffects of BPA exposure (at 50 mg/kg body weight/day for six weeks) on epigenetic regulation and histone-toprotamine transition in both testis and spermatozoa. Our results demonstrated that mRNA levels of core histone andprotamines were significantly affected by BPA exposure in both testes and spermatozoa. Subsequently, core histone
proteins were significantly decreased following BPA exposure. In addition, BPA exposure drastically lowered theratio of PRM1/2 and transition proteins, which are directly associated to histone-to-protamine transition and malefertility. Furthermore, following BPA exposure, various H3 modification levels were largely elevated in testis,and DNA methylation was significantly increased in spermatozoa. Eventually, fertilization and early embryonicdevelopment were adversely affected following BPA exposure. Taken together, our data suggest that BPA exposure
has altered epigenetic alteration and the histone-to-protamine transition, which could lead to male infertility in the
future.
Keywords: Bisphenol-A, histone-to-protamine transition, male fertility, epigenetic alteration
This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of
Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025159).

				

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PP7-42

Transgenerational inheritance of bisphenol A-induced
testicular abnormalities and infertility
Adegoke Elikanah Olusay, YJ Park, Rahman Md Saidur, DY Ryu,
WK Pang, DY Lee and MG Pang
Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University,
Anseong si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea
adegokeelkanah@gmail.com

Increasing evidence propose that exposure to several environmental chemicals could promote the development
and progression of reproductive diseases and their inheritance by offspring in successive generations. Bisphenol
A (BPA), a ubiquitous environmental chemical found in arrays of household commodities, animal products,
and feedstuffs is speculated to induce epigenetic alterations in the germline. This study investigates thetransgenerational effect of pubertal exposure of males to BPA on testicular structural architecture, fertilization
rate, and embryonic development. Male mice (F0) were exposed to 5 or 50 mg BPA/kg body weight per day (bw/day) from 6 to 12 weeks of age. The control mice were exposed to corn oil via oral gavage. The F0 mice werebred with unexposed females to produce the first filial generation (F1). Similarly, the F1male were bred with
unexposed females to produce F2. The result showed that BPA at 5 or 50 mg/kg body weight per day disrupted
blood-testis barrier constituent proteins compared to the control. The seminiferous tubules of mice exposed to BPA
were characterized by germ cell loss, large or no lumen, and abnormal cell mass, with a lower percentage of stage
VIII seminiferous tubules. In addition, the sperm count, motility, and cleavage development were significantly (p< 0.05) lower compared to the control. The effects were inherited by subsequent generations (FI and F2) via DNA
methylation epigenetic modification mechanism. These findings suggest that male reproductive diseases, infertility,
and low birthrate in humans, wildlife, and farm animals may relate to exposure to BPA.
Keywords: bisphenol A, blood-testis barrier, fertility, environmental chemicalThis research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of
Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025159). EOA was supported by theBrain Pool Program through the NRF (NRF-2019H1D3A1A01071117).

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-44

Distinct molecular pathways govern malefertility according on the animal species
YJ Park, WK Pang and MG Pang
Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University,
Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea
yjpark0508@naver.com

Basic semen analysis cannot provide the complete knowledge required to adequately explain male infertility
because male fertility is tied to a complex physiological and biochemical system. To better understand of biologicalsystems, comparative and comprehensive omics studies have recently been applied. However, because thesehuge omics data collect irrelevant information, editing strategies, such as summarization or data elimination, arerequired to serve as the prerequisite steps for identifying “actual biomarkers of male fertility”. Here, we attempted
to integrate omics data from normal and below-normal fertility spermatozoa in boar and bovine, includingtranscriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data. Then, pathway enrichment was analyzed and visualized using
g:Profiler, Cytoscape, EnrichmentMap, and AutoAnnotation to acquire fertility-related biological functions
according to their species. In particular, gamete production and protein biogenesis associated pathways wereidentified in below-normal fertility bull spermatozoa. Otherwise, mitochondrial associated metabolic pathways
explicitly identified in normal fertility boar spermatozoa. These results indicate that below-normal fertility may be
determined by aberrant regulation of protein synthesis during spermatogenesis, whereas adjusting ROS generation
to maintain the ideal state of capacitation and the acrosome reaction governs boar sperm fertility. Overall, thisapproach demonstrates that distinct molecular pathways drive sperm fertility in mammals depending on thespecies. Moreover, we anticipated that searching for species-specific signaling pathways could aid in the discoveryof fertility-related biomarkers within the enormous omics data.
Keywords: male fertility, spermatozoa, proteomic, transcriptomic, integrated signaling pathways

This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of
Korea (NRF-2020R1C1C1003380).

				

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PP7-46

Estimation of growth curve for strain inwhite Korea native duck
I Jeon, J Ham, Y Kim, H Choo and H Kim
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang, Korea
jeonis@korea.kr

Most of the duck breeds used in Korea's duck industry are imported purebred ducks of Pekin breed. Therefore,
in order to maintain the industry, development of domestic duck breeds is required in the long term. In this study,
growth curves were estimated for the growing body weight capacity of native duck breeding groups collected
for domestic duck development and it was carried out to utilize it for system establishment to increase industrial
usability.For the data used in this study, data from four purebred white duck breeds being developed by the
National institute of Animal Science were used. Growth curve estimation and model fit of each growth curve
were evaluated. The coefficient of determination of the growth curve model analyzed in this study was 0.765
to 0.792, showing no significant difference in the fit of each model. The female adult weight by strains differedfrom the actual measured value after 4 weeks of age, and the Gompertz model showed an estimated value similar
to the actual value for males. The model fit of the growth curve estimated in this study did not show significant
differences according to strain and gender. Although the mature weight showed a difference from the actual
measured value, some strains showed similar results. The estimated growth curve parameters will be used as basic
data for the accumulation of white native duck strains through additional research in the future.
Keywords: white Korea native duck, weight, growth curve384

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP7-48Novel bovine gender selection technology by Y sperm
specific binding protein
SW Park and DK Kim
Nuriscience, Hanam, Gyenggi-do, Korea
psw@nurisci.com

Because sex ratio of offspring is closely associated with monetization in livestock industry, various method of
sperm sexing techniques were developed and used. These techniques improve production of superior bovinesand offspring which have desired sex. However, efficiency of sperm sexing is still low through various problem
such as membrane alteration and pre-capacitation. Therefore, we made the new sexing product of bovine sperm
for artificial insemination and the in vitro fertilized (IVF) kit of bovine. In this study, we confirmed that efficacyof WholeMom IVF kit as combined with frozen-thawed bovine semen during in vitro fertilization, developmentof in vitro fertilized bovine oocytes, and sex ratio in in vitro fertilized bovine blastocysts. When it is mixed theWholeMom-IVF kit and bovine frozen sperm, the Y sperm could induce the aggregation reaction by kit but not X
sperm. There were no difference in ratio of blastocysts in IVF oocytes with use of WholeMom-IVF kit comparedwith the control. In addition, in vitro fertilized using WholeMom-IVF kit was significantly increased the sex ratioof blastocysts (male : female = 14.6 : 85.4) than control group (male : female = 52.8 : 47.2). This new WholeMomIVF kit will produce in vitro fertilized blastocysts by successful separation of X or Y sperm. The use of this novel
protein-based sperm identification technology could dramatically contribute the development of bovine genetic
improvement and livestock industry.
Keywords: bovine, sperm, sexing, antibody

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PP8-2

Genomic analysis of AVP gene in riverine buffalo reveals its
potential association with silent estrus behavior
Maryam Javed
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-Pakistan
Poor estrus expression behavior causes suboptimal reproductive efficiency through poor conception rate.
Various signaling pathways are involved in estrus expression but arginine vasopressin (AVP) gene with oxytocin
predominantly regulates estrus behavior. This study aimed to perform genomic characterization and evolutionary
dynamics of AVP gene through association testing of the novel polymorphic loci and comparative genomic analysis
to explore the potential effect of AVP gene on estrus behavior of Nili-Ravi buffaloes. 198 Nili-Ravi buffaloes werescreened for the quest of novel polymorphism in the AVP gene. In exon-1, five polymorphic sites were detected
including deletion of two (c.47delA and c.57delA) nucleotides that caused drastic variation in subsequent aminoacid sequence due to frame shift including functional short peptide of nine residues. The 3-D structure revealed aloss of transmembrane loop between 16 to 31 residues in Nili-Ravi buffalo AVP protein sequence, suggesting thatmissing loop apparently reduced the gene functionality in Nili-Ravi buffalo by inhibiting cellular reactions andmuting the animal estrus cyclicity. Three polymorphisms detected in AVP gene were significantly associated withsilent estrus (p < 0.05). The comparative genomic analysis revealed that AVP gene is present on chromosome 14
having one conserved motif (Neurohypophysial) in buffalo. This study suggested the potential use of polymorphic
sites as promising genetic markers for selection of buffaloes with pronounced estrus expression.
Keywords: buffalo, AVP gene, polymorphism, association analysis, silent estrus, Nili-Ravi

386

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Animal Science Congress

PP8-4

Characterization of age-related gut microbiota in mouse model
SY Lee, DY Lee, DH Oh, JW Jeong, HW Kim, JH Kim, SH Yun and SJ Hur
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
seungyun.lee57@gmail.com

The gut microbiota has been elucidated to play a vital role in maintenance of human health and factors as
estimating various diseases. To confirm the characterization of gut microbiota depend on age, this study was
performed to correlate both aging and gut microbiota iusing ICR mouse feces. The composition of the gut
microbiota was measured by next-generation sequencing methods. There were slightly significant differences inthe taxon composition of the gut microbiota depends on ages, especially the abundance level of Alistipes withincrease ages was high. In addition, Bacteroidia at the order level decreased with increase duration period, whereas
Oscillibacter increased at the genus level. Even though the sample size is not enough to represent, the hypothesisthat there is a difference in the age related gut microbiota between young and elderly people appears to confirmed.
Moreover, these result can provide data that are reminiscent of similarity in the gut microbiota between young andelderly. Furthermore, this result may be applied to develop elderly animal model using gut microbiota for future
research.
Keywords: age, gut microbiota, Alistipes, next generation sequencing, ICR mice				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP8-6

Efficacy of Newcastle disease virus inactivation andsensitivity of nucleic acid-based testing using flinders
technology associates card
U Kulthonggate, K Rattanamas, M Taesuji and S Ruenphet
Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
usakorn.k@gmail.com

The present study evaluated the efficacy of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) inactivation and the sensitivity of
nucleic acid-based testing using conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on theflinders technology associates (FTA) card. A high virulent NDV, were propagated using chicken embryonic eggs,
stored at –80℃. and titration. The NDV virus was inoculated onto FTA card and filter paper for ability testing at
30 min, 1, 3, and 7 days after inoculation. After time determination, NDV were harvested from FTA cand and filter
paper and inoculated into embryonic eggs for alive virus propagation. After 3-day post inoculation, live and deadembryonic eggs were tested by hemagglutination test. For sensitivity testing, NDV was then diluted as a 10-foldserial dilution, and each dilution was inoculated onto the FTA card. Both diluted stock virus and inoculated FTAof all dilution were genomic isolated using nucleic acid extraction kit and FTA purification reagent, respectively,
then genomic NDV was detected by one-step RT-PCR and gel electrophoresis. The present study demonstrated
that the FTA card could be inactivated NDV within 30 minutes, however, the filter paper could not be inactivatedwithin 1 day after inoculation. Furthermore, sensitivity in stock virus and FTA card was 4.13 and 4.83 log10 ELD50,
respectively. These results demonstrated that the FTA card could be confirmed to be safe for virus transmission
during transportation; however, the FTA card still preserved the genomic RNA of NDV and the detection limit orsensitivity did not differ compared with the stock virus.
Keywords: flinders technology associates card, inactivation, Newcastle disease virus, reverse transcription
polymerase chain reaction388

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PP8-8

Screening of TLR2-targeting peptides to develop an effective
mucosal vaccine system against infectious swine diseases
JU Hwang1 , HR Nam1, SH Oh2, HJ Lee2 and SK Kang1,21Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Gangwon-do,
Korea, 2Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Gangwon-do, Korea
louis0812@snu.ac.kr

Mucosal vaccine could defend such diseases by inducing immune responses where the pathogens invade, however,its efficiency should be improved because mucosal environment could interfere proper recognition between thevaccine and immune cells which reside in the mucosal area. Targeting vaccine molecules to immune-associatedcells, such as M cells or dendritic cells, is needed to increase mucosal vaccine efficiency. Peptide ligands withhigh affinity to porcine TLR2, which is highly expressed in M cells and play an important role in porcine mucosal
immune responses, were identified through the cell-based phage display technique combined with high throughput
sequencing. Random phage-peptide library was applied to the porcine TLR2 overexpressing cell line and total
85,557 unique peptide sequences were identified from approximately 9.0 × 107 reads after three rounds of both
subtractive and non-subtractive biopanning via high-throughput sequencing. Among the sequences, three candidate
peptide-sequences, NAGHLSQ, VPSKPGL, and RANLDGQ, were selected in their abundance in the third roundof biopanning and NAGHLSQ potentially showed the highest affinity to porcine TLR2 among the candidates.
For the future investigation, the binding affinities between porcine TLR2 and candidate peptides and their
specific binding to M cells are to be validated by surface-plasmon-resonance (SPR) and immunohistochemistry,
respectively. Furthermore, their targeting efficacy to M cells are to be evaluated by conjugation with model antigen
as a mucosal vaccine in vivo. The peptides identified in this research could be applied in development of various
porcine mucosal subunit vaccine as an M cell-targeting moiety to enhance the antigen transport.
Keywords: cell-based phage display, mucosal vaccine, M cells, porcine toll-like receptor 2				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l389

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP8-10Inhibitory effects of 7β-22 dihydroxyhopane from the lichen,
Pseudocyphellaria freycinetii in glioma stem-like cells
Hyun-Jin Kim, Don Carol Batara and Sung-Hak Kim
Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
redallert0@gmail.com

Glioma stem cells (GSCs) have been reported to contribute to tumor initiation and relapse, therapy resistance, andintra-tumoral heterogeneity of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Therefore, inhibiting GSCs presents a criticaltherapeutic tactic for suppressing the aggressiveness of the tumor. In this study, we examined the effects of 7β-22dihydroxyhopane (AP 18), isolated from the sub-Antarctic lichen, Pseudocyphellaria freycinetii. The effect of AP
18 on cytotoxic and proliferation was assessed by alamarBlue assay and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay.
Real-time confluence analysis was performed with Celloger automatic live cell imaging system. Western Blotting
and 3-D optical diffraction tomography (ODT) imaging were performed to determine if apoptosis triggered by AP
18. Limiting dilution assay and qRT-PCR were performed to investigate the impact of AP 18 on GSC stemness. AP
18 significantly reduced GSCs viability and proliferation, inducing programmed cell death identified by Annexin
V/PI staining as well as a morphologic feature using 3-D optical diffraction tomography (ODT). Interestingly,
treatment with AP 18 suppressed stemness features. Taken together, our results suggest that AP 18 could be
explored as a potential therapeutic agent to target GSCs.
Keywords: glioblastoma, glioma, Pseudocyphellaria freycinetii, hopane triterpenoid390

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Animal Science Congress

PP8-12

The role of reversine on adipocyte differentiation
YH Kim, BS Choi and YS Moon
GyeongSang National University, Jinju, Korea
johnmine4@gnu.ac.kr

Reversine, a purine analog, has a potential regulator to adipocytes development and dedifferentiation of differentiatedcells into multipotent progenitor cells. However, the exact role of reversine in adipocyte differentiation is unknown.
The objective of this study was to evaluate of reversine, a potential regulator to adipocyte development, on adipocyte
differentiation by using various differentiation schedules in 3T3-L1. Different quantities of reversine were added tothe culture medium and incubated during the clonal expansion phase, growth arrest phase, terminal differentiation
phase, or each phase combination, respectively. The gene expression levels were evaluated by real-time PCR. The
expression levels of C/EBPbeta and C/EBPdelta were not regulated by reversine during clonal expansion phase (d0–d2). However, the expression level of transcription factor, PPARgamma, was significantly (p < 0.05) down regulated
at d2 to d6 with reversine of high concentration. The expression levels of adipogenic genes, including mFAS,
adiponectin, were significantly (p < 0.05) down regulated at d2 to d6 with dose dependent manner of reversine. The
longer treatment duration (d0 to d6) of reversine was more inhibitory action on the expressions of genes including
PPARgamma, mFAS, and adiponection (p < 0.05). Our data clearly suggest that reversine has a strong inhibitory
action on adipocyte differentiation with high concentration after growth arrest phase of adipocyte differentiation.
Reversine could be used as a potential fat differentiation inhibitor in animal.
Keywords: adipocyte differentiation, gene expression, reversine, 3T3-L1

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PP8-14

Bovine muscle stem cell proliferation and differentiation
with serums and growth factors
EJ Lee1,2, YC Hwang1 and I Choi1,21Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Research Instituteof Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
gorapadoc0315@hanmail.net

Muscle stem cells (MSCs) are a type of myogenic stem cells that play a role in muscle development andregeneration by expressing several myogenic regulatory factors (MYF5, MYOD, myogenin; MYOG etc). MSC
proliferation and differentiation is critical for meat production. However, the detailed culture conditions underwhich MSCs proliferate and differentiate into muscle cells are still unknown. In this study, we investigated thecultured condition of bovine MSCs, and different types of growth factors were used to promote MSC proliferationand differentiation. Bovine MSCs were isolated and cultured with different types of serum (Fetal bovine serum;
FBS, calf serum, adult serum). Adhesion in FBS cultured cells and proliferation in adult serum cultured cells werehigher than other serums, and MSCs differentiation was best in cells grown in FBS containing medium. In addition,
growth factors (Insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1; IGF-1, and hepatocyte growth factor; HGF) were used tostimulate MSC proliferation and differentiation. As a result, insulin and IGF-1 treatment increased proliferationand differentiation compared to untreated cells. The findings are considered to be valuable for meat production.
Keywords: bovine muscle stem cells, serum, growth factors

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Animal Science Congress

PP8-16

SCR7 treatment for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in
reduces expression of the Msh2 gene in mouse mammary
epithelial cells
GY Kim, HJ You, GC Lee and MJ Kang
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences,
Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
gkdlzlwm12@naver.com

DNA double-strand breaks caused by CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeatsassociated protein9) can be repaired by homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ).
HR can precisely introduce foreign genes into the target genome locus. Therefore, it is necessary to study the HRrelated DNA repair pathway. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of RS-1 and SCR7 treatment
on the expression of MMR (mismatch repair pathway)-Msh2 gene which is inextricably related to HR. The
knock-in vector and sgRNA were introduced into HC11 cells and treated with 7.5 uM RS-1, 40 uM SCR7, and a
combination of RS-1 and SCR7. As a result, the knock-in efficiency increased by about 6% for RS-1, about 12%
for SCR7, and about 9% for the combination of RS-1 and SCR7 compared with the group not treated compound.
But there was no significant difference. The mRNA expression of the Msh2 gene following RS-1 and SCR7
treatment during CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in in HC11 cells was analyzed by qRT-PCR. As a result, 7.5 uM
RS-1 treatment increased the Msh2 gene mRNA expression by about 10% compared to the group not treated withthe compound, but there was no significant difference. However, 40 uM SCR7 or a combination of RS-1 and SCR7
treatment reduced the Msh2 mRNA expression by about 40% compared to the non-compound treated (p < 0.0001).
This result suggests that the Msh2 gene is more involved in NHEJ than HR. In addition, it is thought that it isnecessary to investigate the interaction between Ligase IV and Msh2 gene.
Keywords: CRISPR/Cas9, homologous recombination, SCR7, Msh2 gene

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT) (No. 2021R1F1A1052105).

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PP8-18

Evaluation of growth performance, metabolism, biochemistry,and histology in pigs fed contaminated with deoxynivalenol
JY Jeong, MJ Kim, SH Park, BH Kim and HJ Jung
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea
Jeong73@korea.kr

Deoxynivalenol (DON), toxic secondary metabolites, is related to several health problems in humans and animals.
The objective of this study was to estimate the effects of pigs fed with purified DON. Pigs were treated with 3
different concentrations (T1, T2, and T3 containing 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg, respectively) to compare control for 7
d. The experimental animals were randomly divided into seperate pen (n = 1 per pen). Metabolism, biochemicaland histological analysis were conducted using the liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, VetTest chemistry
analyzer, and Masson’s trichrome stain kit, respectively. DON treatment groups were significant differences in
the growth parameters compared with non-exposure group. The final body weight was decreased in treatement
groups compared with control (p < 0.05). Biochemical parameters such as creatinine and gamma glutamyltranspeptidase levels showed significant differences between control and treatment groups. Different concentrationsof dietary DON affect on growth performance and cause histological changes in the evaluated organs. DON
exposures indicated the presence of collagen fibers, as confirmed from Masson’s trichrome staining. DON
induced hematological and biochemical changes cause metabolic disorders in vivo in pigs. Metabolic profilingby multivariate analysis revealed the potential metabolites, including citric acid, glycine, serine and threonine
metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis. Among thesemetabolites, there were identified high sensitivity as candidate biomarkers via variable importance in the projection
plot (FDR < 0.05, p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study suggest that pigs fed DON containing diets provide a better
understanding the physiological effects consistent with metabolisms and growth performances.
Keywords: deoxynivalenol, metabolism, histology, biochemistry394

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PP8-20The key transcription factors regulating germ cell fate directly
impact the expression of RNA binding proteins in chicken
Bo Ram Lee, Hyeon Yang, Kang Won Park, Sun Keun Jung, Yong Jin Jo, Hayeon Wi,
Sun A Ock, Poongyeon Lee and Sung June Byun
Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju­gun, Jeollabuk­do, Korea
Germ cells exhibit characteristics and molecular mechanism(s) that distinguish them from somatic cells. In early
embryogenesis, primordial germ cells (PGCs), a precursor of the sperm or oocyte, have the unique developmental
processes such as specification, migration and differentiation and hold great promise for the use of genetic
resources and transgenesis in chickens. Recently, significant efforts have been made to elucidate the gene
regulatory networks regulating germ cell fate in chicken. However, very limited studies are available on intricate
regulatory mechanism(s) or many key factors that controlling the germness and stemness of chicken PGCs. In thisstudy, we selected and synthesized the key transcription factors (TFs) from large scale gene expression profilingand bioinformatics analysis. Furthermore, we constructed fluorescent-tagged DF1 line generated by genome editing
technology to investigate the regulation of TFs-mediated RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Intriguingly, we foundthat germ cell fate in chicken has the different regulatory mechanism compared to that of mammals and display theunique transcriptional program, showing that a set of TFs directly impact the expression of RBPs to maintain thecharacteristics of germ cell. Taken together, our findings first provide the novel insight on chicken PGCs to unravel
specific transcriptional control as well as the key TFs to better understanding of germ cell fate. Finally, these results
will lead to the successful establishment of induce germ cells from somatic cells for various purposes including
biobanking the genetic materials and restoration of endangered species in avian.
Keywords: chicken, gene regulation, germness, stemness, direct conversion

National Institute of Animal Sciences (Grant No. PJ01481702), Rural Development Administration (RDA).

				

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PP8-22

Deoxynivalenol induces apoptosis in intestinal porcine
epithelial cells via the FOXO3a signaling pathway
TH Kang1 and SI Lee1,21Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyunpook National University, Sangju, Korea
camwuil27@knu.ac.kr

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is known as vomitoxin, which is frequently contaminated in feedstuff ingredients such as
corn, wheat, and barley. Intake of DON-contaminated feed has been known to damage livestock including pigs.
Typical symptoms have diarrhea, emesis, feed intake reduction, nutrient malabsorption, weight loss, and delay ofgrowth. However, the molecular mechanism of DON-induced damage in the intestinal epithelium needed further
studies. Therefore, we performed gene expression profiling after DON-treated on intestinal epithelial cells. We
identified 837 differentially expressed genes that were associated with poly (A) RNA binding, ATP binding, celladhesion, focal adhesion, protein folding, forkhead box O signaling pathway, and metabolic pathway. Basedon this finding, we hypothesized that DON may induce apoptosis via the FOXO3a signaling pathway in small
porcine intestinal cells. We confirmed that DON treatment induced apoptosis and the up-regulation of apoptosisrelated genes such as TRAIL, BCL-6, CASP8, and CASP3. Additionally, DON treatment induced expression of
FOXO3a and translocation into the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Also, we confirmed that inhibition of FOXO3a
expression alleviates apoptosis and decreased the expression of apoptosis-related genes. Moreover, suppression of
extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) inhibited the FOXO3a translocation into the nucleus anddecreased mRNA expression levels of apoptosis-related genes. Based on these results, we suggested that DON can
induce apoptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cells via the FOXO3a signaling pathway.
Keywords: apoptosis, deoxynivalenol, differentially expressed genes, forkhead box O396

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PP8-24Anti-inflammatory effect of structured water in LPSstimulated RAW264.7 macrophage and incisional woundhealing in BALB/c mice
JF Dela Cruz1,2, GW Bahng3, YT Kim4, LA Pratidina2 and SG Hwang2
1

College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 2Department of
Animal Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Departmentof Mechanical Engineering, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, Korea, 4HO32 Co.
Ltd., 40-8, 257-Beon Na-Gil, Dongtankiheung-Ro, Hwaseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
jfdelacruz@up.edu.phSufficient quantity and quality of water are continuously affecting the health status of human and animals. Overthe past several years, some exciting and dynamic research has emerged about water. One of the most prominent
example is the structural rearrangement of water. At present, the society and the scientific community havean increased interest in the evaluation of the biological, therapeutic and other properties of structured water.
Structured water, is a newly identified, 4th phase of water (similar to liquid crystalline water), also called exclusionzone water. It was developed using rotating magnetic field by HO32 Co. Ltd., and confirmed having antioxidant
property. In order to evaluate the potential benefits of structured water technology in animals, a comprehensive
scientific study is needed. The present study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of structured water on
LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and wound healing properties in BALB/c mice. RAW 264.7 cell viability assay
revealed that structured water significantly increased the proliferation of cells after 24 and 48 hours of incubation.
RT-PCR and Western Blot showed that the use of structured water significantly attenuated expression of iNOS,
COX-2, TNFa, IL-1B and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Nitric oxide production was also significantly
reduced after 12 and 24 hours of structured water treatment. The use of structured water significantly accelerated
wound contraction in BALB/c mice excisional wounds. The overall results suggest that structured water has apotent anti-inflammatory effect by normalizing the expression levels of genes related to inflammation and byexpediting wound healing.
Keywords: structured water, inflammation, wound healing, macrophage

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PP8-26

Transcriptomic analysis of aortic endothelial cells isolated
from alpha 1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout pig
Sang Eun Kim, Min Gook Lee, Haesun Lee, Mi-Ryung Park and Keon Bong Oh
Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabukdo, 55365, Korea
Recent studies reported generation of transgenic pigs carrying multiple human immune regulatory genes
for xenotransplantation, basically under the genetic background of alpha 1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout(GTKO) to overcome hyper acute rejection. The first barrier of xenotransplantation occurs on endothelial cells
in vascularized graft of pig by collision with host immune system. Therefore, we performed this study, as an
initial step, to understand molecular characteristics of endothelial cells isolated from aortic endothelium (PAEC)
of GTKO pig. Total RNAs were isolated from PAEC and porcine ear skin fibroblasts (PEF) of GTKO pig, andsubsequently used for RNA sequencing. Transcriptomic analysis was conducted by gene ontology (GO) annotation
database, based on criteria of |log2 fold change| ≥ 1 with p ≤ 0.05. The consequences were that 5,243 genes
were identified as differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between GTKO PAEC and PEF, and among of those
2,778 genes were highly expressed in PAEC. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was shown that cardiovascular systemdevelopment and function genes were highly expressed in GTKO PAEC. In addition, we found higher level
expression of immune related genes in GTKO PAEC than in PEF, which play role on recruiting and/or activating
immune cells. Taken together, the list of DEGs obtained this study will contribute to select target genes to attenuate
immune rejection in vascularized tissue as well as to understand the roles of pig endothelium as immune regulators
required for the successful xenotransplantation.
Keywords: xenotransplantation, α1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout pig, porcine aortic endothelial cells,
transcriptome analysis

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PP8-28Analysis of regulatory pathways in muscle of myostatinknock-out chickens
SE Kim1, GH Kim2, HJ Ryu2, SP Shin1, IS Ha1, BC Park1,2 and TS Park1,2
1

Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun,Gangwon-do 25354, Korea, 2Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul
National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Korea
kse517@snu.ac.kr, wldms3748@snu.ac.kr, rue970430@snu.ac.kr

Myostatin (MSTN, also known as growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8)) is one of the invaluable economic traitrelated genes in the livestock industry. As a negative regulator of muscle development, MSTN is mainly expressedin skeletal muscle and plays a crucial practical role for muscle growth and differentiation in livestock. Recently,
we generated MSTN knockout chickens mediated by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-Cas9 technical platform. Thus, in this study, we conducted mRNA next-generation sequencing (NGS)
to compare the global gene expression patterns between three different muscles of wild and MSTN knockoutchickens. Subsequently, we identified the different gene expression changes and could provide information on
MSTN-related signalings and regulatory pathways. These informative results could be applied to improve thegrowth and economic traits in the poultry industry.
Keywords: myostatin, CRISPR-Cas9, genome editing, chicken, skeletal muscle growth				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP8-30Comparison of patterns of proliferation, differentiation, andgene expression of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells
isolated from calf and cattle
YJ Choi, JS Kim, WS Kim and SK Park
Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
dudwnsdl328@sju.ac.kr

This study was performed to compare the characteristics including proliferation, differentiation, and gene
expression of skeletal muscle satellite cells isolated from bovine at different ages; 10 months old calf and 30
months old cattle. Both cells showed steady growth patterns, but proliferation rate was greater in calf cells
than cattle. Cells from calf and cattle showed 2.43 and 2.79 days of population double time, respectively. For
differentiation analysis, myotube formation rate of cells was analyzed four times every 24 hours upto 96 hours.
Both cells didn't show any myotube until 24 hours. But calf cells began to form myotubes after 48 hours, but cells
from cattle started forming myotubes after 72 hours incubation. Concomitant to this result, fusion rate of calf cells
was greater than that of cattle (p < 0.05). At fully proliferated, expression levels of genes related to myogenesis
including PAX7 and MYOD from calf cells were 6.00 ± 1.43 and 6.98 ± 1.03 times higher than those from cattle(p < 0.01). However, there wasn’t significant difference in PLAG1 expression. Calf cells also showed higher FASN
expression than cattle (p < 0.01). At fully differentiated, MYOD expression level was 3.5 ± 1.56 times higher incalf cells compared to cattle (p < 0.01). Expression of PLAG1 and FASN were also greater in calf cells than incattle. Expression of PAX7 (p > 0.05), MYOG (p < 0.01) and MHC1 (p < 0.01), however, was lower in calf cells
when compared with cattle. Altogether, results demonstrate calf cells both proliferate and differentiate faster thancattle cells under same culture condition.
Keywords: cell culture, proliferation, differentiation, gene expression400

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Animal Science Congress

PP8-32

Low calcium and yeast hydrolysate supplementation
enhances adipocyte differentiation in Hanwoo beef cattle
intramuscular stromal vascular cells
SH Kim1,2, JF Dela Cruz2,3, L Purnamasari2,4 and SG Hwang2
1

Central Research Institute of DAEHO CO., LTD, 24, Jeongmunsongsan-Ro, 241 BeonGil, Yanggam-Myeon, Hwaseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea, 2Department of Animal Life andEnvironmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3College of Veterinary
Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 4Department of Animal Husbandry,
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia
jfdelacruz@up.edu.ph

Adipogenesis is a complex process which includes the commitment of undeveloped cells to the adipocyte lineage
and the terminal differentiation of preadipocytes to mature adipocytes. This process is tightly regulated by various
key adipogenic transcription factors such as PPARγ and C/EBPα. It has been demonstrated that calcium is involvedin adipogenesis, however, calcium has quite different, even opposite effects on adipogenesis, depending upon thevarious cell types. This study aims to evaluate the effects of two different concentrations of calcium (2.5 mmol and
10 mmol) combined with yeast hydrolysates (50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm) on the differentiation of intramuscularstromal vascular cells (SVC) isolated from Hanwoo beef cattle. Results showed that calcium concentration has no
significant effect on the proliferation of SVC. The addition of yeast hydrolysate (YH) dose dependently increased
the proliferation of SVC. Preadipocyte commitment determination showed that low calcium and YH combinationdose dependently increased the expression of Zfp423 and Pref-1. Lipid accumulation and triglyceride content
were positively affected by the increasing concentration of YH with low calcium. Upon differentiation, RT-PCR
and Western Blot analysis showed a significant increase in the expression of adipogenic genes PPARγ, C/EBPα,
aP2, SCD and SREBP-1c in low calcium and YH treated SVC. These results suggest the possible mechanism ofaction for the increased adipocyte differentiation in Hanwoo beef cattle stromal vascular cells upon low calcium
and YH supplementation. These findings may be applied in the future to further develop feed additives to increase
intramuscular fat deposition in Hanwoo beef cattle.
Keywords: calcium, yeast hydrolysate, adipogenesis, Hanwoo SVC

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PP8-34

Bacillus-supplemented diet improves growth performance inJeju native pigs by modulating myogenesis and adipogenesis
Yunji Heo1, Dahye Kim1, Yunhui Min2, Jiwon Yang1, Mangeun Kim1,
Young-Ok Son1,2,3,4 and Dong-Sun Lee2,3,4,5
1

Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences,
Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Korea, 2Interdisciplinary
Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju
Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Korea, 3Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju
National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Korea, 4Practical Translational
Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Korea,
5
Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
dbswl6363@jejunu.ac.kr

Probiotics are used in pigs as nutritional supplements to improve health and induce the development of muscle andadipose tissue for enhancing growth performance and harvesting quality meat. In this study, we investigated theeffects of Bacillus-based probiotic supplementation on the physiological and biochemical changes in Jeju native
pigs (JNPs), including growth performance, backfat layers, blood parameters, serum IgG levels, myogenic andadipogenic markers, and expression of inflammatory markers. Average daily gain and feed efficiency were higher
in the Bacillus diet group than in the basal diet group, while backfat thickness was lower in the Bacillus diet groupthan in the basal diet group. Blood biochemical parameters and hematological profiles were not altered significantly
by Bacillus-based probiotic supplementation. Serum IgG concentration increased in the Bacillus diet groupcompared to the basal diet group. The Bacillus diet group showed increased adipogenic and myogenic markers
expression in the longissimus dorsi muscle and adipose tissues. Overall, the data suggest that the Bacillus-based
probiotics-supplemented diet regulates myogenesis and adipogenesis in JNPs and improves growth performance.
We postulate that this may be due to the changes in the gut microbiota of pigs due to probiotic supplementation.
(Funding: 2020R1A2C2004128 & 2019R1A6A1A10072987).

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PP8-36

Insight into the causative genes and pathways associatedwith tail bones of Korean bob-tailed native dog,
Donggyeong dog using gene set enrichment andpathway-based GWAS analysis
Sunirmal Sheet, Minjeong Ko, Na Yeon Kim, Mi Rim Park, Woncheol Park, JinA Lim,
Youngjo Lim, Jae-Hwan Kim, Kyung Tai Lee, Bong-Hwan Choi and Dahye Kim
Animal Genome & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Korea
dhkim0724@korea.kr

The functional value of the tail may have prompted numerous evolutionary and developmental researches tofocus on tail-loss. The bob-tailed native dog, Donggyeong dog has a very short or non-existent tail. The numberof tail bones is a vital radiographic evaluation index for distinguishing between short and no tail. The short-tailDonggyeong dog has 5 to 10 tail bones, but the no-tail Donggyeong dog has 4 or less. This study was performed
to identify causative markers, genes and pathways that led us to understand the genetic basis of this tail bone
variability of Donggyeong dog. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) combinedwith pathway-based analysis on 192 dogs using 117,452 SNPs. A higher heritability was detected for tail bonephonotype (0.372) with phenotypic variance of 3.98 in Donggyeong. At a threshold of p-value < 5E-05, 7 SNPs
on different chromosomes were significantly associated with tail bone trait. Based on our result, SCA1, U6,
STMND1, CD109, TUT1, HNRNPDL, 7SK, and PRIMPOL genes are the most significant associated genes. An
additive and dominant mode of inheritance was noticed from the phenotype-genotype correlation plot for top
variants. The gene-set enrichment analysis showed GO terms and pathways associated with the trait. Interestingly,
the highlighted pathways were related to AMPK signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling were generally involved in themetabolism, growth and development process. Our data provide an insight into the significant genes and pathways
if verified further, which will have a significant effect on the management of the Donggyeong dog’s population.
Keywords: bob-tailed, indigenous breed, Donggyeong, tail bone, GWAS, gene-set enrichment, pathway				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP8-38Transcriptional profiles of cell signaling pathway genes in
the lungs and spleens of highly pathogenic avian influenza
virus-infected White Leghorn chickens
Jae-Rung So1, Jae-Young Heo1 and Ki-Duk Song1,2
1

Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Department ofAgricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
jamie9629@naver.com

The goal of this work is to look at the transcriptional responses of cell signaling pathway protein genes in chicken
lungs and spleens to highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) infections. White Leghorn hens were
infected with HPAIV at sublethal levels via nasal administration, and their lungs and spleens were collected before
total RNA extraction. We used quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (qPCR) evaluate
the expressions of innate immune receptor genes, i.e., TLR3 and TLR7, as well as cell signaling pathway protein
genes ERK, p38 MAPK, and JNK, and transcription factors, i.e., NF-κB, JUN, FOS, KLF2, and STAT4. All of
the experiment's results were statistically tested using the One-way ANOVA method. TLR3, TLR7, NF-B, JUN,
FOS, KLF2, and STAT4 expression levels were down-regulated in the lungs of HPAIV-infected hens at 1 day post
infection (1 dpi), but increased at 3 dpi. The MAPK genes, i.e., ERK and p38 MAPK were downregulated in thelungs of HPAIV-infected chickens at 1 dpi but upregulated at 3 dpi. TLR3, TRL7, FOS, NF-κB, and ERK expression
increased in the spleens at 3 days but not at 1 dpi. In contrast to the lungs, JUN, KLF2, and STAT4 expression were
down-regulated in the spleens at 3 dpi. In this study, we present a comprehensive evaluation of multiple pathways
that contribute to the pathogenesis of HPAIV infections in chicken lungs and spleens, implying tissue specificresponses to HPAIV infections in chickens.
Keywords: chicken, lung and spleen tissues, avian Influenza virus, qPCR, cell signaling pathway genes

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PP8-40Anti-inflammatory effect of SoRegen Technology® water in
LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages
JF Dela Cruz1,2, L Purnamasari2,3, DB Lee4, IS Nam2 and SG Hwang2
1

College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 2Department of
Animal Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Departmentof Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia,
4
Research Council of SoRegen Convergence Science, Seoul, Korea
jfdelacruz@up.edu.phQuantum entanglement is among the most fascinating aspects of quantum theory and recently received more
attention and have been comprehensively studied. Quantum entanglement is observed in nature among the living
species and other materials. SoRegen Technology® (ST) proposed that exposure of certain materials to quantum
entanglement signal will improve its function and characteristics. In order to investigate the changes in biologicaleffects, water samples were exposed to signal from SoRegen chip for 48 hrs. This study evaluated the antiinflammatory effects of ST-exposed water in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Results show that proliferation ofcells in a culture media prepared with ST-exposed water was greatly stimulated compared to cells grown in normal
media. The data showed that ST enhanced the proliferative properties of murine macrophage cells. LPS-induced
NO production was significantly decreased in the RAW264.7 cells cultured in RPMI media prepared with STexposed water. The mRNA and protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines: COX-2, IL-6, iNOS, NFKB,
TNFa and IL-1B exhibited a marked increase following stimulation of the cells by LPS when compared with thenon-stimulated cells. However, stimulated cells grown in RPMI media with ST-exposed water showed a strikingly
decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. SoRegen Technology® exposed water has anti-inflammatory
activity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells by virtue of its ability to suppress NO production and inhibit theexpression of proinflammatory genes and proteins.
Keywords: anti-inflammation, SoRegen Technology®, RAW264.7 macrophage, cytokines

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PP8-42

Effect of Lysophospholipids (Lipidol™) on the
differentiation of Hanwoo longissimus-dorsi andsemimembranous satellite cells
BH Park1, DH Kang1, HB Lee2 and KY Chung1
1

Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea,
2
Pathway Intermediates, Seoul, Korea
wodls9441@gmail.com

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of lysophospholipids (Lipidol™), which is used as afeed additive for beef cattle, on the differentiation of Hanwoo satellite cells isolated from longissimus-dorsi (LD)and semimembranous (SM) muscle. Satellite cells were cultured with 3 animals × 3 repetitions for the statisticalanalysis 10% FBS/DMEM was used for the proliferation of satellite cells. At the 60% confluence phase, 3%HS/
DMEM was used as differentiation media and 0.01% (T1), 0.005% (T2), 0.001% (T3), 0.0005% (T4), 0.0001% (T5)of lysophospholipids were treated in the differentiation media, respectively. On the 4th day after treatments, cells
were fixed with 10% formalin solution, and myofibers were stained with haematoxylin to measure morphologicalchanges and area of myofibers. There were multinucleated muscle fibers observed in control and dose-dependent
treatment groups. The area of muscle fiber indicated that T2 group showed greater myotube numbers than othertreatments (p < 0.05). Both LD and SM showed that the area of the T2 group was greater than that of the control
group (p = 0.01). As a result of this study, the treatments of lysophospholipids promote the differentiation of
Hanwoo LD and SM muscle satellite cells. Therefore, lysophospholipids positively enhanced muscle developmentin Hanwoo muscle tissue.
Keywords: lisophospholipid, Hanwoo satellite cell406

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PP8-44

Effect of heat treatment on the myogenic differentiation inbovine muscle stromal vascular cells
BM Kim1, DQ Peng2, XC Jin1, JH Lee1, JS Park1 and HG Lee1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Science, Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science, Jilin
University, 5333 Xi’an Road Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
lzptta@naver.com

Heat stress affects the productive performance of beef cattle especially in beef production. Therefore, this study
was aimed to investigate the myogenic differentiation in muscle under heat treatment by using bovine muscle
stromal vascular (BMSV) cell model. The primary BMSV cell was isolated from longissimus dorsi muscle fromthe slaughtered Korean native cattle by collagenase digestion method. The isolated cells were cultured in 10%
fetal bovine serum (FBS/DMEM) until reaching 90% confluence. Myogenic differentiation was induced bytransforming the medium contains 2% horse serum (HS/DMEM). During the differentiation phase, BMSV cell
was subjected to control (37℃) or heat treatments (39℃, 41℃) for 2 days and recovered to 37℃ until day 6. The
experimental samples were collected on day 0, 2, and 6 of differentiation to measure the relative mRNA expression.
As a result, BMSV cell under the 37℃ and 39℃ can be both induced to myogenic differentiation by confirming
increasing MYOG and MYF6 mRNA expression on day 2 and day 6 (p < 0.05). In addition, we found that MYOG
mRNA expression under 39℃ was higher than the 37℃ temperature on day 2 (p < 0.05), however there were nodifference in MYF6, MYF5 and MYOD mRNA expression (p > 0.05). Heat treatment of 41℃ induced cell deathand myogenic genes were not detected. These results suggested that heat treatment had the potential to modify theexpression of genes related to the myogenic differentiation of BMSV cell.
Key words: bovine muscle, stromal vascular cell, myogenic differentiation, heat treatment

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PP8-46

Efficiency of extracellular matrix for maintenance of porcine
satellite cells in vitro
JH Han, SW Jang, YR Kim, GR Na, KS Shim and HW Choi
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
jaehozizon@jbnu.ac.kr

Recently, the study for production in vitro meat have been conducted to solve environment issue and stabilizationof meat supplies. To produce cultured meat, the satellite cells, progenitor of myofiber, have been commonly used.
However, it is difficult to maintain satellite cells in vitro for long term culture. Many researchers have tried toapply small molecules, extra cellular matrix, various culture environment. Here, we checked efficiency of different
extracellular matrix (ECM) for maintenance of porcine satellite cells in vitro. We analyzed proliferation, cell cycleand expression levels of pax7 and myoD in early passages (P2) and late passages (P7) of in vitro cultured porcine
satellite cells. The proliferation rate in the porcine satellite cells cultured on fibronectin coated dishes were higher
than those cells cultured on other ECM coated dishes. We also detected that rate of S phase decreased in all groupof the porcine satellite cells, indicating that capability of proliferation had been decreased during in vitro culture.
We also compared rate of Pax7 and MyoD positive cells using immunocytochemistry, and found that Pax7 and
MyoD positive cells cultured on fibronectin coated dishes were more than those cells on gelatin and non-coateddishes. Taken together, the porcine satellite cells could be efficiently maintained on fibronectin coated dishes inearly and late passages.
Keywords: cultured meat, satellite cell, proliferation, maintenanceThis work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture andForestry(IPET) through ‘Development of muscle and adipose tissue culture/differentiation techniques from various
stem cells derived from livestock’, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (32200605-1-CG000).

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PP8-48Function of JAZF1 in adipose development and metabolism
HJ Kim and MO Kim
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology of Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Korea
plmojb04@gmail.com

Juxtaposed with another zinx finger protein 1 (JAZF1) is associated with metabolic disorders. Several studies
were demonstrated that expression of JAZF1 regulated adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. In thisstudy, we found the transcriptional regulatory aspect and elucidated the JAZF1 mechanisms during the processof adipose development and differentiation. We generated heterozygous JAZF1 deletion mice and induced
adipocyte differentiation in the MEFs isolated from JAZF1-knock out mice embryo. MEFs in JAZF1 knock out
mice showed reduced expression of adipogenic marker such as PPARγ2, C/EBPα, and FABP4. So, we found that
JAZF1 regulates the transactivation activity of PPARγ2 and adipogenic gene expression, which are responsible formaintaining adipocyte differentiation. And deficiency of JAZF1 decreased AKT activity in response to excessive
insulin stimulation. The weights of heterozygous JAZF1 mice were lower than the weights of control mice.
Compared to the control group, the heterozygous JAZF1 group had less adipose tissue mass and deficiency of
JAZF1 increased infiltration of monocyte and macrophage in adipose tissue. These result confirm that functional
JAZF1 in the adipose development and metabolism.
Keywords: JAZF1, adipose development, metabolism

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PP8-50

Cloning endangered Vietnamese Ỉ pig fromadult somatic cell
Nguyen Khanh Van1, Vu Thi Thu Huong1, Pham Thi Kim Yen1, Nguyen Thi Le Huong1,
Phan Trung Hieu1, Hoang Thi Au1, Quan Xuan Huu1 and Pham Doan Lan2
1

Key Laboratory of Animal Cell Biotechnology, National Institute of Animal Science, Vietnam,
2
National Institute of Animal Science, Vietnam

Preservation of the diversity of porcine genetic resources has strategic importance for agriculture and biomedical
developments. Vietnam has a great variety of indigenous pig breeds; however, many of these breeds such as theỈ pig are on the verge of extinction. This study was conducted with attempt to use somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT) technology for the preservation of endangered Vietnamese Ỉ pig from extinction. The SNCT-embryos were
produced following a zona-free method with some modifications. We optimized the donor cell cycle synchrony,maturation media and embryos culture system. Adult somatic cell from ear of male Ỉ pig were used for SCNT.
PZM3 medium was used for embryo culture and serum was added to PZM3 medium on Day 5 of culture (Day 0 =SCNT). In this study, blastocyst rate tested for SCNT embryos zona free was 26.4%. When SCNT embryos weretransferred at the 1–2 cell stage, 3 of 10 recipients became pregnant (30%), whereas after the transfer of blastocyst
7 of 11 recipients were pregnant (63.6%). We also compared two synchronization methods for the transfer embryos
at the blastocyst stage: (1) using pregnant pig and (2) using gilt (6–7 months old before first estrus). The pregnant
rate was not significant difference between two groups. Four Ỉ pig cloned were derived from one pregnant recipient
and they are now 15 months of age. This is the first time for live animal cloned were obtained in Vietnam.
Key words: Vietnamese Ỉ pig, somatic cell nuclear transfer, zona-free, embryo transfer

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Animal Science Congress

PP8-52The preventive effect of pentoxifylline supplemented with a
traditional medicine, Colla corii asini on the accumulationof lipid droplets in a human HepG2 cells
Ji-Yeon Hong and Sei-Jung Lee
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea
jiyeonghong98@dhu.ac.kr

Pentoxifylline (PTX), a methylxanthine derivative used to treat the patients with cirrhosis and liver failure, but astudy on pharmaceutical combination therapy achieved by complementation with herbal medicine has yet to bewell studied. In the present study, we study the role of PTX complemented with Colla corii asini (CCL), a donkeyhide gelatin (Ejiao) during the lipid accumulation in a human hepatocyte cell line HepG2. The lipogenic activity
medicated by the accumulation of lipid droplets was significantly induced by treatment with an oleic acid (OA).
The hepatic steatosis triggered by OA markedly prevented by treatment with 2 mM of PTX complemented with
1mM of CCL, which had shown 2-fold higher anti-hepatic steatosis activity than PTX alone. The co-treatment
of PTX with CCL inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species responsible for the distinctive activation of
the MAPKs in OA-treated HepG2 cells. Interestingly, the combination of PTX and CCL significantly restored theabnormal expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated γ, fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1, andstearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 in HepG2 cells treated with OA. These results indicate that the PTX complemented with
CCL is functional agent for pharmaceutical combination therapy in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Keywords: pentoxifylline, Colla corii asini, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP8-54

Effects of dimethyl sulfoxide on mouse embryonicdevelopment and methylation
NE Cho and MO Kim
Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Korea
cne95@naver.com

In the absence of the cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor, mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) undergo selfrenewal (LIF). When LIF is introduced to the mouse stem cell culture media, the cells rapidly differentiate. Oneof the most used solvents in drug tests is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). We evaluated four different concentrationsof DMSO (0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0%) on four-day mESC cultures to identify the safest dose which was also
effective as a solvent. In the absence of LIF, DMSO was used to treat mESCs produced under general pluripotency
conditions. In addition, mESCs were cultured in the absence of LIF as a differentiation control. The level ofmRNA expression of pluripotency markers was increased by DMSO. Furthermore, DMSO decreased the levels
of mRNA expression of ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal markers in mESCs. These results suggest thatDMSO treatment increases pluripotency while disrupting mESC differentiation. We also discovered that membersof the Tet oncogene family are required for mESC differentiation and methylation inhibition. DMSO can be used
to maintain the pluripotency of mESCs in the absence of LIF, and DMSO can keep mESCs in an undifferentiatedcondition. As a result, DMSO could be used as a partial replacement for LIF.
Keywords: DMSO, LIF, mESCs

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Animal Science Congress

PP8-56

Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 regulates
pluripotency, proliferation, and differentiation of mouseembryonic stem cells via ERK and mTOR signaling
CY Kim and MO Kim
Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Korea
yyok1012@naver.com

Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) have been widely used as regenerative therapies for treating numerous
incurable diseases. mESCs are a used model for their diverse in studying early embryonic development. Transient
receptor potential melastatin 7 (Trpm7) is a nonselective transmembrane ion channel that regulates divalent cations
such as Ca2+. And it is essential for early embryonic development; however, however, the exact role of Trpm7
in mESCs has not been clearly described. In this study, we demonstrated that the inhibition of Trpm7 affects thepluripotency and self-renewal of mESCs. Our results show that short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated inhibitionof Trpm7 results in reduced expression of transcriptional regulators that maintain stems in mESC. In addition,
Trpm7 knockdown regulates cell proliferation to decrease, the G0/G1 phase of cell cycle to arrest, and apoptosis
to increased. Moreover, embryoid body (EB) formation and teratoma formation assays showed that abnormal
regulation of differentiation due to Trpm7 knockdown. Also, we found that a sample of EB Day 7 reduced
intracellular Ca2+ levels. Finally, we showed that Trpm7 controls the differentiation capacity of mESCs via ERK
and mTOR activation. Therfore, this study suggest that Trpm7 could be a novel regulator for maintaining stemness
and modulating the differentiation of mESCs.
Keywords : mESCs, Trpm7, ERK, mTOR

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PP9-2

Whole genome sequencing of Malaysian Kedah-Kelantanbulls (Bos indicus)
MS Islam1,2, ND Yimer1, AW Haron1, K Mamat-Hamidi3,
FFA Jesse1, MWH Hiew1 and WN Fitri
1

Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra
Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, 2Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar,
Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh; 3Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra
Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
siraj_blri@yahoo.com

Kedah-Kelantan (KK) cattle are the main pillars of domestic beef production in Malaysia. The genomic
characterization of Malaysian KK cattle has never been done before. The goal of this study was to discover the
many functional genomic variations present in Malaysian KK cattle bulls' genomes. After library preparation,
the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 sequencer was used to resequencing 150-bp paired-end reads. To acquire the best
results from the sequencing, quality control was enforced at every stage. Raw data was analysed using a variety
of applications. The genome's single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion and deletions (InDels)
percentages were discovered to be 85 percent (27,441,279) and 15 percent (3,828,041), respectively. Furthermore,
despite their low percentage in compared to SNPs and InDels, they detected 30,547 structural variants (SV) and
24,254 copy number variants (CNV). The heterozygous rate for SNPs and InDels in the genome was found to be 2.53
percent and 0.31 percent, respectively. The genetic diversity described in other Zebu cattle breeds (Bos indicus)
would give a good platform for comparing the functional variations revealed in KK cattle, strongly suggesting that
the KK cattle are of Zebu origin. In the future, functional genomic variations like as indels and CNVs in protein
coding areas would be used as indicators for disease resistance breeding and phenotypic diversity in KK cattle. Our
results would be the first set of genomic variations discovered in KK bulls to be referenced.
Keywords: Kedah-Kelantan bulls, genomic characterization, single nucleotide polymorphism, whole genome
sequencing

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-4

The highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus induces the
Influenza A pathway in the trachea of two Ri chicken lines
TH Vu1, JA Lee1, YJ Hong1, SY Lee1, JB Heo1, SY Kang1,
AD Truong2, HS Lillehoj and YH Hong1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea,
Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi
100000, Vietnam, 3Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural ResearchServices, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA

2haohao1012hua@gmail.com

Influenza A/H5N1 virus is a highly pathogenic (HPAIV) and contagious zoonotic virus that can be transmitted tohumans. Antiviral genes are considered a potential factor for HPAIV resistance. Therefore, in the present study,
infection with this virus and differential gene expression analyses were carried out with genetically resistant andsusceptible Ri chicken lines that are native to Vietnam. Ri chickens of resistant (Mx/A; BF2/B21) and susceptible(Mx/G; BF2/B13) lines were selected by genotyping the Mx and BF2 genes. A total of 20 four-week-old Richickens from each line were inoculated with the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus (5 chickens/group). On day 3 post-infection, their tracheal tissues were collected for RNA sequencing and were confirmed byquantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. A gene set overlapping test between the analyzed differentiallyexpressed genes (DEGs) and functionally categorized genes was performed, including biological processes of theGene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The results showedthat Influenza A pathways were the most differential enrichment in resistant chickens compared to susceptible
chickens. The expression levels of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8), interferons (IFN-α, IFN-γ) and their receptors (IFNAR1),
Toll-like receptor genes (TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, IRF7), JAK-STAT signaling genes (JAK1, STAT1, STAT2) and IFNstimulated genes (Mx1) were higher in H5N1-resistant chickens than in H5N1-susceptible chickens. In conclusion,
resistant chickens show stronger immune responses and antiviral activity (TLR genes, JAK-STAT signaling genes,cytokines, interferons, and IFN-stimulated genes) in the trachea than those of susceptible chickens against HPAIV
infection.
Keywords: HPAIV, RNA sequencing, Influenza A pathway, Ri chickens

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-6

Effect of environmental factors affecting teat length andteat diameters in Korean Holstein Dairy Cattle
SH Jang1, JM Yeo2, WY Lee2, JK Park3 and KH Jo2
1

Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Department of Beef & Dairy Science, Korea National
University of Agricultures and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea, 3Department of Swine, Korea National
University of Agricultures and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea
gh5576@gmail.com

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of environmental factors affecting the teat length and teat
diameters of Korean Holstein Dairy Cattle. The data used in the study were carried out using body measurements
collected through the Koreaa Holstein Ideal Type Construction Project conducted as part of the livestock
improvement support project of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. As environmental factors, theeffects of environmental factors such as calving age, 305 days milk yield, parity, days in milk and milking speed
were estimated, and correlation analysis was performed and the results are as follows. The environmental factor
with the largest change in left and right teat diameters was 305 days milk yield. The least squares mean valuesof the left and right teat diameters in the 4th parity were 8.70 ± 0.17 and 8.69 ± 0.17, respectively, which werehigher than other parity differences. At the 305 days milk yield of 14,001–17,000 kg, the least-squares mean left
and right teat lengths were 5.47 ± 0.12 and 5.48 ± 0.12, and the left and right teat diameters were 8.80 ± 0.17 and8.75 ± 0.17. The phenotypic correlation between teat traits and environmental factors is as follows. The correlation
coefficient between the left and right nipple circumference and maternal difference was about 0.19, respectively,
the correlation coefficient with full moon age was about 0.20, respectively, and the correlation coefficient with daysin milk was about 0.19 and 0.20, respectively.
Keywords: Holstein Dairy Cattle, teat traits, lactation characteristics, correlation

416

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-8

Significant association between FSVs in MYH3 gene andmyoglobin contents in the crossbred population(Landrace × Jeju native pig)
YJ Kang, SG Kim, SY Kim, MC Shim, HA Kim, JH Yoo, BC Yang and IC Cho
Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju 63242, Korea
yjkang1201@hotmail.com

This study aimed to determine the effects of functional sequence variants (FSVs) in myosin heavy chain 3 (MYH3,
g.-1805_-1810, ACGT) genotypes with myoglobin contents in the crossbred population between Landrace andJeju native pigs (JNP). Previous study identified the FSVs of porcine MYH3 genotypes can affect the ratios of
myofibers, reddish meat color (a*), and intramuscular fat (IMF). Myoglobin (Mb) is existed three types basedon the oxidation-reduction status: Deoxymyoglobin (DeoxyMb, purplish-red), Oxymyoglobin (OxyMb, brightcherry-red), and metmyoglobin (MetMb, brown). The M. longissimus dorsi, M. semimembranosus, M. triceps
brachii and M. biceps femoris muscles were used for analysis of Mb contents. All samples were genotyped for the
FSVs in the MYH3 gene by using PCR-RFLP methods. Three genotypes, QQ, Qq, and qq have 0.358, 0.551 and
0.091 genotype frequencies, respectively. The QQ animals showed higher values of OxyMb in longissimus dorsi(p < 0.001) and semimembranosus (p < 0.05) than qq animals, respectively. Whereas, Mb and MetMb of the qq
animals showed higher values in longissimus dorsi (p < 0.001) and semimembranosus (p < 0.05), than QQ animals,
respectively. For the consumers’ perspectives, the reddish meat color is the most important indicator for the freshmeat, which can be identified FSVs in MYH3 gene through this study. These results can be used as a valuable
molecular genetic marker for JNP-related crossbreeding system to improve meat color traits.
Keywords: Jeju native pig, meat color, MYH3, myoglobin contents				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-10Comparison of survival rate and telomere length among
Korean native chicken breeds
EJ Cho, KG Kim, BG Kim, SG Lee, KB Shin, SH Lee and SH Sohn
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
shsohn@gnu.ac.kr

We investigated the survival rate and telomere length of 12 Korean native chicken breeds, such as Jaeraejong,
Korean Rhode Island Red (Rhode), Korean White Leghorn, Korean Cornish (Cornish), and Korean Ogye breeds.
Telomere length was analyzed via quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization method using the lymphocytes of466 chickens. We found that the telomere length decreased linearly with increasing chronological age in all chicken
breeds. Telomere length and telomere shortening rates (TSR) were significantly different among the chicken breeds
after 20weeks of age (p < 0.01). Rhode had the longest telomere length and the lowest TSR, whereas Cornish had
the shortest telomere length and the highest TSR. In terms of TSR, the telomere length of 50-week-old chickens
was half of the of 8-week-old chickens. There was also a significant difference in survival rates among the breeds.
Both Rhode and Korean Ogye had the highest survival rates, while Cornish had the lowest. There was a significant
positive correlation between survival rate and telomere length, and telomere length in old age showed a higher
correlation with survival rate than that in young age. Therefore, it is considered that TSR is more closely related
to survival rate than the telomere length. Based on the telomere dynamics and survival rates of 12 Korean nativechicken breeds, it was concluded that the Rhode breed and Cornish breed had the highest and lowest vitality,
respectively.
Keywords: telomere length, telomere shortening rates, survival rate, Korean native chickens

418

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-12Comparison of productivity of Korean native chickens
between the separate-sex and straight-run rearing
SH Lee, EJ Cho, BG Kim, KB Shin, SG Lee and SH Sohn
GyeongSang National University, Jinju Korea
shsohn@gnu.ac.kr

In this study, we investigated the effect of separate-sex and straight-run rearing system on the productivity of
Korean native chickens. A total of 1,140 GSP-Hanhyup Korean native chickens were divided into male, female,and straight-run rearing groups, and the survival rate, body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were
investigated from birth to 12 weeks of age. The average survival rate was 97.9%, and there were no significant
differences among the groups. Body weight was significantly different among the groups at all weeks of age (p <0.01). After 4 weeks of age, the male group had the highest weight, followed by the straight-run group, and finallythe female group. At 10 weeks, the most uniform body weight was shown in the female group (78%), while thelowest was in straight-run group (44%). Comparing the separate-sex and straight-run groups, male chickens were
found to have higher body weights in the separate rearing group than in the straight-run group; however, there
was little difference in those of female chickens. Feed intake was the highest in the male group, followed by thestraight-run group, and lastly, the female group, while the feed conversion ratio had an opposite trend. Although
there is little difference in the production performance of chickens between separate-sex rearing and straight-run
rearing system, we concluded that the separate-sex rearing system is much more advantageous than the straight-run
rearing system in terms of productivity due to group uniformity.
Keywords: Korean native chicken, separate-sex rearing, straight-run rearing, production, performance				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-14

Porcine MYH3 influences muscle fiber-type composition
and intramuscular fat content
IC Cho, YJ Kang, SG Kim, SY Kim, MC Shim, HA Kim, JH Yoo and BC Yang
Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju 63242, Korea
Choic4753@korea.kr

Muscle development and lipid accumulation affect meat quality of livestock. However, the genetic factors
underlying myofiber-type specification and intramuscular fat (IMF) accumulation remain to be elucidated. Using
two independent intercrosses between Western commercial breeds (Landrace and Duroc) and Korean native pigs
(KNPs), a joint linkage-linkage disequilibrium analysis was carried out. We identified a 488.1-kb region on porcine
chromosome 12 that affects both reddish meat color (a*) and IMF. In this critical region, only the MYH3 gene wasfound to be preferentially overexpressed in the skeletal muscle of KNPs. Subsequently, MYH3-transgenic micedemonstrated that this gene controls both myofiber-type specification and adipogenesis in skeletal muscle. We
discovered a structural variant in the promotor/regulatory region of MYH3 for which Q allele carriers exhibited
significantly higher values of a* and IMF than q allele carriers. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation andco-transfection assays showed that the structural variant in the 5'-flanking region of MYH3 abrogated the bindingof the myogenic regulatory factors (MYF5, MYOD, MYOG, and MRF4). The allele distribution of MYH3 among
pig populations worldwide indicated that the MYH3 Q allele is of Asian origin and likely predates domestication.
In conclusion, we identified a functional regulatory sequence variant in porcine MYH3 that provides novel insights
into the genetic basis of the regulation of myofiber type ratios and associated changes in IMF in pigs. The MYH3
variant can play an important role in improving pork quality in current breeding programs.
Keywords: intramuscular fat, MYH3, myofiber-type specification, reddish meat color420

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-16Comparison study of estimated breeding value accuracy bybeadchip platform in Hanwoo cattle
SH Lee1, CG Dang1, SH Lee2, CI Cho3, MN Park1, SS Lee1, YC Lee1, JG Lee1, HK Chang1,
HB Yoon1, KS Im1 and TJ Choi11National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea, 2University of South Australia, Adelaide,
Australia, 3Hanwoo Genetic Improvement Center, Seosan, Korea
lhyungm@korea.kr

Hanwoo cattle is an authentic breed in Korea that has been managed by the sire selection through the Hanwoo
evaluation system in Korea. This study was performed to reveal the insight in improving the accuracy of estimatedbreeding value in Hanwoo cattle by demonstrating the difference among the imputation reference chip platformof genomic data and the scaling factor of the genetic relationship matrix. In this study, a total of 9 comparing setsconsisting of 3 reference platforms and 3 scaling factor are used. The evaluation was performed with different
9 GRMs and the same number of genotyped animals, pedigree, and phenotype data. The evaluation model was
originated from national evaluation system that used 5 multi-traits model. Results showed that Hanwoo custom v1
platform is the best option for all traits via the mean of accuracy subset, by 0.1–0.3%p. In the case of scaling factor,
regardless of imputation chip platform, set to -1 depicted a higher accuracy gap from 0.5 to 1.6%p. In short, thisstudy revealed that using Hanwoo custom v1 as an imputation reference chip platform and scaling factor as –1 hasa chance to improve the accuracy of estimated breeding value in the current Hanwoo population. This informationis possibly helpful for improving the current evaluation system.
Keywords: Hanwoo cattle, chip platform, accuracy of breeding value				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-18Single-nucleotide polymorphism data comparison forgenetic diversity and group structure of Korean native
black goats and crossbred goats
KW Kim1, ED Lee1, DK Kim1, BH Choi1 and SH Lee2
1

Animal Genetics Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Hamyang Gyeongnam, Korea, 2Grassland and Forages Division
Department of Animal Resources Development, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Cheonan Chungnam, Korea
bgring@korea.kr

We used single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data to investigate the genetic structure, diversity, and relationshipbetween native and foreign crossbred goats (CGs). This study used data obtained from a commercialized SNP
panel (Illumina Goat SNP50K BeadChip; Illumina, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) to identify the genetic differences
between Korean native black goats (KNBGs) and CGs using genetic structure and principal component analyses.
The KNBG has four different strains (Dangjin, Jangsu, Tongyeong, and Gyeongsang National University);
however, this differentiation is based solely on external factors. Using the Illumina Goat SNP50K BeadChip, we
extracted genetic data from 506 goats and identified 45,836 common SNPs. To identify the distinguishing SNPs,
we calculated the allele frequency difference for each breed, and analyzed the absolute value of the frequency
difference between randomly selected breeds using the top 10, 20, 30, 50, and 150 SNPs. The data were used torepresent the genetic structure of KNBGs and CGs, and the principal component analysis revealed a distinguishingmarker between them. This SNP marker could distinguish between the breeds and strains of KNBGs, as well as
between KNBGs and CGs. As the SNP value increased, the markers became more distinct. Furthermore, with theuse of more SNP data, breed differentiation became more apparent. Our findings provide insights into the genetic
information of KNBG strains, and SNP data will serve as the basis for future genetic selection. However, additional
research is required to determine whether foreign breeds can be differentiated from each other. In conclusion, thefindings of this study can be used for the preservation and differentiation of KNBGs, and our SNP data can be used
for genomic selection to enhance our understanding of KNBGs.
Keywords: Korea native black goat, genetic structure, genetic diversity, single-nucleotide polymorphism422

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-20Rank correlation analysis for pig test end weights at
90 kg and 105 kg
HK Chang, CG Dang, MN Park, SS Lee, YC Lee, JG Lee, SH Lee,HB Yoon, M Naserkheil, CY Lee and M Alam
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan, P.O. 31000, Cheonan-si, Korea
huk0505@korea.kr

Due to an overall increase in pigs’ market weight, Korean pig evaluation system recently updated its old test endweight evaluation, from 90 kg to 105 kg. Therefore, this study conducted a Spearman's rank correlation analysis
between animals’ selection indexes for both weight categories. Total 93,656 animals from 11 farms participating
Pig Improvement Network were analyzed. The studied traits were age and backfat thickness at 90 kg and 105
kg test end-weights. A multi-trait animal model analysis with a fixed herd-year-week-season was performed toestimate variance components. Animal breeding values were used for derivation of selection indexes at both endweight categories. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between selection indexes for the age traits were
almost a unity (0.99), whereas 0.77 for the backfat thickness traits. The heritability (h2) estimates of the age at test
end-weight traits were 0.34 ± 0.01 (90 kg) and 0.37 ± 0.01 (105 kg) and for backfat thickness traits were 0.38 ±0.01 (90 kg) and 0.26 ± 0.01 (105 kg). Despite the lower h2 for backfat thickness at 105 kg than 90 kg, the strong
correlation between selection indexes could suggest that the newly implemented evaluation strategies might yieldreasonable improvements in the genetic evaluation of pigs in future.
Keywords: 90 and 105 kg end weight, Spearman's correlation, selection index, pigs

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PP9-22

Genetic progress of Korean swine improvement network in
Duroc breeding stock
SS Lee, HK Chang, SH Lee, CG Dang, YC Lee, JG Lee, MN Park,
M Naserkheil, M Alam, CY Lee and HB Yoon
Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA,
Cheonan 31000, Korea
genemap@korea.kr

The Korean pig breeding industry has been developed by small and medium sized breeding farms, with variable
population sizes and inbreeding condition. From 2008, the National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS)
has organized a ‘National swine genetic improvement network’ with 16 breeding farms and implemented anationwide pig breeding program for sire lines of Duroc and dam lines of Landrace and Yorkshire. The aims ofthis project are selection of superior breeding stock suitable for Korean breeding objectives and increasing thegenetic connectedness across the breeding farms by allowing exchange of genetic resources. Data consisted ofperformance records of 57,884 parities for Duroc from 2013 to 2021, which were collected from Korean breeding
stock registration system. Performance traits included three point (Shoulder, Belly, Waist) back fat thickness (BF),
eye muscle area (EMA), adjusted days to 90 kg of live weight (D90 kg) and retail cut percentage (RCP). Genetic
evaluation has been done every two weeks using multiple traits animal model with WOMBAT program to estimate
inbreeding coefficient (F), phenotypic value (PV) and estimated breeding value (EBV). After selecting sires using
selection index ‘I = –3 × (D90 kg EBV) – (BF EBV)’, total 58 selected sires were sent to 3 nucleus herd AI centers
and then semen was propagated to joining farms. From 2013 to 2021, EBV of D90 kg in selected semen shared
population was improved –1.77 to –14.42. The accumulated performance data shows that the nationwide-selected
semen has better EBV of D90 kg than farm-base selected semen. Next steps of this program are increasing thenumber of testing traits such as feed efficiency, meat quality and litter size, and including genotype data using highdensity microarray panel to increase estimation accuracy.
Keywords: Duroc, breeding, EBV

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-24

Runs of homozygosity analysis in Korean Holstein
cattle genome
M Alam1, CG Dang1, JG Lee1 and TJ Choi2
1National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan, P.O. 31000, Cheonan-si, Korea,
2
Research Policy Bureau, RDA, Deokjin-gu, P.O. 54875, Jeonju-si, Korea
mahboob@korea.kr

Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are the continuous homozygous regions existing in the DNA sequence of diploidorganisms. ROH length could also vary significantly in animals. This study identified ROH in Korean Holsteinscattle to understand the inbreeding history of the local population. Total 47,204 autosomal SNP marker genotypes
genotyped using two high-density Illumina BovineSNP50K BeadChip Arrays (Version 2 and 3) from 4111 animals
were analyzed using PLINK 1.09 software. Before analysis, genotype quality control for a minimum of 5% minor
allele frequency and a maximum of 10% genotyping missing rate within animals, followed by imputation using
FImupute 2.2 software, were performed. Our analysis detected 71,099 ROH segments, with an average ROH lengthof 10.26 Mbp (ROH range: 1.03 – 85.5 Mbp), and about 40% of ROH lengths were between 8 and 16 Mbp. About
73% of animals harbored ROH at BTA10, also the highest. The longest ROH (BTA7: 85.5 Mbp) consisted of 1848
SNPs. BTA28 and BTA1 showed the highest (24%) and lowest coverage (11%) by ROH, respectively. Of theentire genomic length, ~11.6% region was under ROH. Overall genomic inbreeding coefficient (FROH) was 0.07,
ranging between 0.001 and 0.41. Large ROH segments also showed relatively high FROH estimates. Therefore,
the ROH lengths and FROH estimates within various length groups strongly suggested a recent inbreeding history
in the Korean Holsteins.
Keywords: runs of homozygosity, inbreeding, population structure, Korean Holstein				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP9-26

Accuracy of genomic evaluation with single-step genomic
BLUP for yearling ultrasound measures of carcass traits in
Hanwoo cattle
M Naserkheil1, DM Lee2 and MN Park1
1

Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea,
Department of Animal Life & Environment Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea

2masoumehnaser@gmail.com

Genomic evaluation was routinely implemented in Hanwoo beef cattle using the single‑step genomic best linear
unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP) method, which combines information from genotyped and non-genotyped animals
simultaneously into a single relationship matrix. In beef cattle industry, there has been a great concern in thegenetic improvement of carcass traits, since they are expensive and difficult to measure, and can only be measured
postmortem. Yearling ultrasound measurements have high positive genetic correlations with corresponding carcass
traits; thus, breeding values for carcass traits measured by ultrasound, as indicator traits on live animals can be
an efficient way to select for muscling, intramuscular fat and subcutaneous fat thickness. Hence, the aim of thisstudy was to compare the prediction accuracy obtained from the pedigree-based BLUP (PBLUP) and ssGBLUP
method for the following ultrasound measurement traits at yearling age of Hanwoo cattle: yearling ultrasonicmeasurements of 12th rib backfat thickness (UBFT), eye muscle area (UEMA), and intramuscular fat content(UIMF). The data comprised 8,945 phenotypic records for ultrasound measurement, of which 5,395 animals had
the genotype data. The accuracies ranged from 0.45 to 0.58 and from 0.53 to 0.63 as assessed using the PBLUP
and ssGBLUP methods, respectively. The average predictive accuracies across traits were 0.53 for PBLUP and
0.59 for ssGBLUP methods. Our results demonstrated that ssGBLUP outperformed PBLUP in terms of prediction
accuracy for the traits of interest. These results suggest that using genomic information for yearling ultrasoundmeasurements can result in more genetic gain relative to pedigree-based method.
Keywords: genomic prediction, ultrasound measurements, single-step, Hanwoo

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PP9-28

Application of a mathematical model to estimate thetransition of milk beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations ondays in milk for dairy cows in Japan
S Chiba1, H Abe2, Y Nakahori2 and K Hagiya1
1

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan, 2Hokkaido Dairy Milk
Recording and Testing Association, Sapporo, Japan
midnight.sun00051@gmail.com

Ketosis is a perinatal disease of dairy cows and is classified as subclinical or clinical. Milk beta-hydroxybutyrate(BHB) concentration has been used in Japan as an indicator of subclinical ketosis. Accumulation of records ofmilk BHB concentrations began in 2017 through the Dairy Herd Improvement Program, but there have been very
few studies of this parameter in Japan. A model that explains the transition of milk BHB concentration on days inmilk (DIM) could be used for test-day genetic evaluation to improve ketosis resistance in the future dairy industry.
Our objective was to develop a predictive model for milk BHB concentration on DIM in Japanese Holstein cows.
The data were a total of 6,954,286 test-day records from the first through fifth lactations from 2017 through 2020.
Cows with more than 9 records per lactation, as well as test-day records on DIM from 7 to 305 days, were usedin the analyses. Milk BHB concentration values were log-transformed before the analysis. Four models—secondorder Legendre polynomials, third-order Legendre polynomials, first-order Legendre polynomials with Wilmink’s
exponential term, and second-order Legendre polynomials with Wilmink’s exponential term (L2w)—were used tocompare the fit in each parity. In total, 20 analyses were executed to compare the mean square errors (MSEs) of thefour models. For all lactations, mean milk BHB concentrations were high in early lactation and lowest at about 100
DIM, after which they increased slightly as DIM increased. L2w had the smallest MSE for all parities.
Keywords: dairy cattle, beta-hydroxybutyrate, ketosis				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP9-30Single-step genomic evaluation for carcass traits of cows
in the commercial farm of Hanwoo beef cattle
M Naserkheil4, H Mehrban1, DM Lee2, YJ Han2, AR Koo2, SJ Kim3, JH Son3 and YM Koo3
1

Department of Animal Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran, 2Department of AnimalLife & Environment Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Korean Animal
Improvement Association, Seoul, Korea, 4Animal Breeding and Genetics Division, National Instituteof Animal Science, Cheonan-si 31000, Korea
naserkheil@ut.ac.ir

Genetic evaluation of the Hanwoo cows can lead to further genetic improvement for carcass traits due to theidentification of superior female animals to produce the next generation. The response to selection would beaccelerated using pedigree, phenotypic and genomic data through the single-step genomic evaluation (ssGBLUP).
Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the accuracy of breeding values for carcass traits of the cows using the
genomic method and compare it with the pedigree one (P-BLUP) in the commercial farm of Hanwoo cattle throughLR (linear regression) method. For this purpose, the pedigree including 1,795,678 animals, carcass data of 931,992
steers, and 5,252 genotyped animals were used. The genotyped steers with carcass data were 2,085 wherein the
genotyped bull 170 and cow 2,997 were without phenotypic records. The breeding values were estimated based ona multi-trait mixed animal model. The population accuracies of the dam of steers were 0.50 for backfat thickness(BFT), 0.58 for carcass weight (CW), 0.62 for eye muscular area (EMA), and 0.54 for marbling score (MS) using
the ssGBLUP method. However, the accuracies were 0.43, 0.52, 0.55, and 0.47 for BFT, CW, EMA, and MS,
respectively using the P-BLUP method. In other words, the genetic improvement was increased by 24% for BFT,
19% for CW, 15% for EMA, and 20% for MS by moving P-BLUP to the ssGBLUP method. It concludes that thesuperior cows would be more reliable selected with the availability of genomic data.
Keywords: genomic prediction, carcass traits, single-step method, Hanwoo

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PP9-32

Heritability estimates of egg traits and yolk amino acidtraits in Hinaidori chickens
N Kawamura1, K Rikimaru2, S Fukuda2, K Hagiya1 and T Goto1
1

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan, 2Akita Prefectural
Livestock Experiment Station, Akita, Japannonokakawamura@gmail.com

Since chicken egg has rich in components including proteins and essential amino acids, the egg is known as acomplete nutritional food. Free amino acids are important components that influence food taste. Previous studies
have shown that egg traits including free amino acid traits are affected by genetic and environmental factors.
However, genetic contribution to variation of yolk free amino acids is insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of thisstudy is to estimate the heritability of egg traits and yolk free amino acid traits in chickens.
Hinaidori females at the Akita Prefectural Livestock Experiment Station were used for phenotyping of ten egg
traits (n = 330) and 6 yolk free amino acids (n = 192). Males and females (n = 2,836) were used as pedigree
information. Ten egg traits (egg weight, length of the long axis of the egg, length of the short axis of the egg, yolk
weight, albumen weight, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, and eggshell color lightness, redness and yellowness)were measured. Free amino acid contents in yolk were determined using HPLC. Heritability in each trait wasestimated using the AI-REML and EM-REML methods with the AIREMLF90 program.
In this study, the heritability estimates of egg traits ranged from 0.39 to 0.64. Moderate to high heritabilities were
estimated in 6 yolk amino acid traits. We could estimate the heritabilities of free amino acids in yolk for the firsttime. To improve the accuracy of the heritabilities, the number of individuals should be further increased in near
future.
Keywords: chickens, egg, free amino acids, heritability				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP9-34

Establishment of genetic mapping population based oncrosses of Japanese indigenous chickens
T Goto, R Ono, M Watanabe, AKM Ahmed and H Usui
Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
tats.goto@obihiro.ac.jp

Chickens provide us a large number of livestock products in the world. Since the worldwide demand for chicken
products will be increased, enhancement of egg and meat production is required. Egg and meat traits are directly
related to production and quality traits, whereas morphological and behavioral traits are also important to support
the production of egg and meat. Therefore, it is important for producers and consumers to understand the genetic
bases of several phenotypes including egg quality, physical constitution, and tame behavior in chickens. Thus,
this study aims to establish an original genetic mapping population using Japanese indigenous chickens. Basedon crosses of Japanese indigenous chicken breeds (a Darumachabo male and four Tosa-jidori females), F1 birds
were produced. Five F1 males mated with 19 F1 females to obtain 148 F2 females. Thereafter, 70 F3 females were
produced. Using the segregating individuals, egg traits, morphological traits, and behavioral traits were measured.
Egg traits included egg weight, egg size, eggshell weight, yolk weight, albumen weight, eggshell thickness,and eggshell colors. Body weight, shank length, tail length, and comb size were measured as morphologicaltraits, whereas active and passive tame behaviors using a handling test were collected as behavioral traits. In the
segregating population, considerable phenotypic variations were seen in each trait. Yolk amino acid traits andgenome-wide SNP genotyping data will be analyzed. The original genetic mapping population will be utilized tofind novel candidate genes underlying several phenotypes in chickens.
Keywords: chickens, eggs, genetic mapping, morphological trait

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PP9-36

Mating patterns and reproductive traits inferred from thepedigree analysis in wild-born cubs of the restoring Asiatic
black bears in the wild, South Korea
Sang-Hyun Han, Tae-Wook Kim, Jeong-Jin Yang, Doo-Ha Yang,
Jong-Seob Park, Seong-Geun Bae and Jeong-Tae Shin
Korea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Korea
hansh04@knps.or.kr

Mating patterns and reproductive traits were examined in the wild-born cubs of the Asiatic black bears restoring in
the wild of South Korea based on the genotypes of microsatellite (MS) markers. A total of nineteen (ten males andnine females) parents and their 43 wild-born cubs were successfully detected using the MS genotypes. A mean of
1.43 ± 0.50 cubs per litter and 1.65 ± 0.98 cubs per reproductive pair was observed. The mating system was varied,with monogamous, polygynous and polyandrous, i.e., polygynandrous, mating systems, indicating that pair-mating
behavior shows several patterns, one-to-one and multiple mating between multiple males and multiple females
even in a single breeding season. Dual or multiple paternity in a single litter was also observed in two reproductive
pairs. In addition, six wild-born cubs (13.95%) were found to be inbred offspring resulting from consanguineous
mating between a wild-born male and his mother or a wild-born male and his aunt, which resulted in inbreeding
coefficients of 0.033 in the entire wild-born cub population. The present findings suggest that these mating
patterns and reproductive traits from genealogical information may be valuable for analyzing genetic structure
and identifying parents of wild-born cubs and for a better understanding of behavioral features related to breeding
ecology, which is recommended for the development of a sustainable population beyond restoration in the wild ofSouth Korea.
Keywords: Asiatic black bear, mating system, pedigree, polygynandrous, wild-born cubs				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-38A correlation analysis of residual feed intake using feed
TDN and DMI in Hanwoo cattle
JI Won, BH Park, S Jin, SR Cho, SS Kang, UH Kim, SS Jang, HJ Lee and MS Park
Hanwoo Research Institute, Korea Hanwoo Research Institute, Kangwon, Korea
Won51@korea.kr

The correlation between the feed efficiency indicators in Hanwoo cattle was investigated in this study. The daily
feed intake of concentrate feed and forages was studied on 60 growing Hanwoo cattle (20 cows, 20 bulls, and 20
steers) for 173 days since March 20, 2020. The residual feed intake (RFI) was expressed as the difference between
the estimated average daily feed intake and the average actual daily feed intake, where a lower RFI value indicateda higher feed efficiency. The metabolic body weight (MBW) was strongly positively correlated with ADG (0.80)
and lowly negatively correlated with feed conversion ratio (FCR), RFI-TDN, and RFI-DMI. The average daily
gain (ADG) and FCR traits showed a strong negative correlation (–0.62). The correlation estimates were negligible
between ADG and RFI-TDN and between ADG and RFI-DMI. A positive and moderate association was observed
between FCR and RFI-TDN (0.48) and between FCR and RFI-DMI (0.48). However, the RFI-TDN and RFI-DIM
showed a positive correlation close to unity (0.99), which could be due to feeding the same feed during the test
period between farms. Similarly, the difference between RFI-TDN and RFI-DMI indicates the feeding differences
between farms. Our results showed that both FCR and ADG were correlated in the studied animals, whereas
RFI was somewhat independent of ADG. Therefore, using the RFI trait could be desirable for feed efficiency
improvement in Hanwoo cattle.
Keywords: Hanwoo, TDN, DMI, FCR, residaul feed intake, metabolic body weight, average daily gain
Table 1. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between estimateds the feed efficiency indicators in Hanwoo cattle
Variables

MBW

ADG

FCR

RFI-TDN

RFI-DMI

MBW

1

0.801

–0.150–0.001–0.001ADG-

1–0.624–0.001–0.001

FCR

-

-

1

0.483

0.482

RFI_TDN

-

-

-

1

0.999

RFI_DMI

-

-

-

-

1

*

MBW, metabolic body weight (kg); ADG, average daily gain (g); FCR, feed conversion ratio; RFI, residaul feed intake (g); TDN, total digestible
nutrients (g); DMI, dry metter intake (g).

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PP9-40Estimation of the prediction accuracy for carcass weight ofChikso using Hanwoo information
JM Kang, DH Lee, YK Kum, YJ Chung, DJ Lee and SH Lee
Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
The Korean brindle (Chikso) cattle is subgroup of Korean Brown cattle (Hanwoo) and known as an endangered
population with very small effective population size. Korean government attempts to get Chikso population to bepossible to breed population. The purpose of this study is to investigate efficacy of multi-breed genetic evaluation
using genomic data of Korean Brindle and Brown cattle. The process of evaluation included large reference
population from Brown cattle (Hanwoo; n = 16,972) and brindle cattle (n = 1,216). The study estimated accuracyof Chikso genomic breeding value in terms of combination of dataset of Brown Hanwoo (n = 16,972) and small
Chikso dataset (1,216). The reference population was constructed by adding different number of brown Hanwooreference population (n = 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, 10,000) to Chikso dataset (n = 1,216). Based on the mixed multibreed reference population, genomic breeding value of the test population of Chikso (n = 185) was estimated.
The prediction accuracy was increase from 0.493 to 0.561 when mixed Chikso population and brown Hanwooreference population and the accuracy through correlation with actual phenotype was 0.314 to 0.328. On the other
hand, when Hanwoo was added in consideration of relatedness with Chikso, the prediction accuracy based on
PEV was 0.505 to 0.566 and the correlation accuracy with the actual phenotype was 0.31 to 0.337. As a result, it ispossible to evaluate prediction accuracy of Chikso using Hanwoo information, it will have a positive effect on the
improvement of Chikso.
Keywords: prediction accuracy, Chikso				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-42Differentially expressed gene profile associated withcarcass traits in Hanwoo life-cycle
DJ Lee1, YJ Chung1, KY Chung2 and SH Lee1
1

Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea,
Department of Beef Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874, Korea

2

ldj636@naver.com

In order to achieve precision breeding and management of animals, it is consequential in investigating gene
expression patterns against environmental changes during the life cycle of cattle. Therefore, this study attempted
to identify gene expression patterns over different growth and fattening stages. In this study, 361 RNA samplesof 83 Hanwoo steers divided into five experimental datasets based on stages of development (7, 12, 18, 24, and30 months) were used. The 1st and 4th quantiles of the phenotypes were used to identify marked differentiallyexpressed genes (DEGs). 155, 180, 176, and 269 samples were used in carcass weight (CW), backfat thickness(BFT), eye muscle area (EMA), and marbling score (MS), respectively. Differences of more than double in gene
expression with FDR of 0.05 or less were used to detect DEGs. As a result, in CW, 128, 223, 188, and 1,906 DEGs
were identified at 7 to 12, 12 to 18, 18 to 24, and 24 to 30 months. Similarly, 156, 179, 762, and 2,337 DEGs wereidentified for BFT; 106, 155, 761, and 2,079 DEGs were identified for EMA; and 206, 320, 343, and 2,176 DEGs
were identified for MS. In functional analysis, it was found that genes related to muscle growth were consistently
expressed throughout life in CW and EMA. For MS, at the late fattening stage, cell differentiation is increased, andmulticellular organismal processes are controlled. These results are expected to be helpful in understanding thegenetic mechanism according to the growth and fattening stages of Hanwoo.
Keywords: Hanwoo, carcass traits, RNA-seq, life-cycle434

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-44

Molecular certification for natural reproduction of the redfoxes released in the wild, South Korea
Jin Sol Pak, Dae-Ho Jung, Seung-hoon Chae, Sook-Jin Lee, An Na Lee, Hyeok-jae Won,
Seong-Geun Bae, Jeong-Tae Shin and Sang-Hyun Han
Korea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Korea
hansh04@knps.or.kr

This study examined to certify wild-born offspring of the red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) released in the wild of theSobaeksan National Park using molecular identification and parentage test. Three individuals estimated to be wildborn cubs have been observed since May in 2021. All cubs were caught in autumn and winter in 2021, respectively,
and applied for molecular analyses. The mitochondrial DNA cytochrome B sequences showed that those werematernally born from the red foxes released by the Endangered Fox Restoration Program. The parentage test
results showed that both three cubs were mothered by F-2017 and fathered by M-1803 based on microsatellite
genotypes. The mother fox F-2017 was born at the breeding facility in 2020, and the father fox M-1803 wasintroduced from northeastern China in 2018. Both parents were separately released at the wild in Autumn 2020.
Combining the molecular analysis results and release data, we concluded that all three cubs were born at the wildby natural reproduction from the parent foxes (F-2017 and M-1803) without human-mediated breeding assistance.
Our findings suggested that occurrence of wild-born cubs by natural reproduction between released red foxes may
indicate the stable habitation ad successful adaptation as well as genesis for new generation of reintroduced red
foxes without human assistance at the new ecosystem in South Korea.
Keywords: molecular certification, natural reproduction, red fox, wild-born cubs				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP9-46

Analysis of genetic polymorphism of the avian leukosis
virus (ALV) receptors for maintaining economically superior
traits in Korean native chickens
KY Lee, YJ Shin and JY Han
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agricultureand Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
leektmn@naver.com

Multiple avian leukosis virus (ALV) subgroups exist depending on the glycoprotein and have significant impact
on the poultry industry. Although many efforts are being maed to eradicate and prevent ALV infection, there iscurrently no vaccine that can completely eradicate and control ALV. Susceptibility or resistance of ALV-A and
K is determined by the host receptor tva and ALV-B is influenced by tvb. Resistance alleles of tva and tvb werebeen identified naturally in Chinese chicken commercial line, but there have been no reports of resistance allele in
Korean Native chicken (KNC) breeds. In this study, we analyzed the genome sequences of tva and tvb in White
Leghorn (WL), Korean Ogye (KO) and KNC to investigate genotypic frequency and validate resistance to ALV
subgroups A, B and K. Genotyping analysis showed that both tva and tvb susceptible and resistant alleles were
present in WL, whereas in KO, the resistance allele was predominantly present in both tva and tvb. In KNC, amixed population of susceptible and resistant alleles for tva were present, and the resistance allele for tvb was
dominant. In addition, each chicken embryonic fibroblast clone was infected with ALV subgroup A, B and K in
vitro and confirmed that, depending on the genotype, the individuals acquires resistance to the ALV subgroups. Our
results show that in the future, selective breeding of naturally ALV-A, B and K resistant chicken lines will make asignificant contribution to the poultry industry to preserve superior traits.
Keywords: avian leukosis virus, Korean native chicken, tva, tvb

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-48Comparative analysis on the relationship of the peptide
binding region of classical MHC class I genes between
humans and pigs
S Youk, M Kang, B Ahn and C Park
Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
dbrtmddus@daum.net

Swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) is indispensable roles in innate immune responses by recognizing foreign antigens
or epitopes and thus their genetic diversity plays an essential role in their functions. Since the encoded region byexons 2 and 3 of classical SLA class I genes servers as peptide binding regions of the molecule, most research on
SLA class I polymorphism has traditionally focused on the region. In this study, we performed a combined analysisof the peptide binding region of classical SLA class I, SLA-1, -2, and -3 using 228 SLA class I alleles reported to
IPD-MHC database. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the peptide-binding region sequences of the SLA-1 and-2 genes tend to cluster together while those of SLA-3 distributed separately and form a single cluster. On the other
hand, in human, the phylogenetic analysis of the corresponding region of classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA)
class I genes showed that the alleles of HLA-A, -B, and -C formed separate cluster for each gene. Consideringthat the function of MHC class I genes is identical across difference species, these results suggest that the historyof HLA class I duplication event is older than that of SLA. The increase of the allelic information of MHC genes
from mammalian species and comparative analysis on the intra and inter locus polymorphisms of the MHC peptide
binding regions across the species could provide an interesting observation on the evolution of MHC genes andtheir adaptive immune system.
Keywords: SLA, HLA, peptide binding region, genetic diversity				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP9-50

Profiling of meat tenderness by transcriptomic level
analysis on Hanwoo cattle
PT Dinh N.1, YS Kim1, YJ Chung2, KY Chung3 and SH Lee2
1

Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea, 2Divisionof Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea, 3Department of Beef
Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874, Korea
dnphuongthanh1511@gmail.com

After years of breeding and artificial selection, Hanwoo cattle has become a provider of premium meat in which
tenderness contributes as one of the critical characteristics. The highly tender meat has been well-reported to be inpositive correlation with the degree of marbling. However, recently, the Korean have been concerned about healthissues due to fat assumption, and the demand of tender meat with lower fat content increases. As a complex feature
influenced by many factors, more research is needed to comprehend meat tenderness, which is represented by the
Warner-Bratzler Shear Force (WBSF), in the context of being marbling related. In this study, the identificationof differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 2 groups of high and low tenderness was performed, using thesamples at 18 months old to understand this feature better in the early stage of development. Under the thresholdof p-value < 0.01 and | Log2 (fold change) | > 1, 40 DEGs were detected, including 17 down-regulated and 23 upregulated genes. The DEGs are mostly related to lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation, emphasizing thevital role of fat in tenderness of meat. From functional analysis, the PPAR signaling pathway was highlighted as
the most significant, in turn the up-regulated genes ADIPOQ, FABP4, ELOVL6, SCD, and PLIN1 were identified
to be crucial. This study hopes to provide an insight into factors affecting meat tenderness at transcriptomic level in
Hanwoo cattle.
Keywords: Hanwoo, RNA sequencing, tenderness, WBSF

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PP9-52Phylogenetic analysis of Kyrgyzstan native chicken basedon mtDNA D-loop sequences
KN Heo, DH Jin, JH Kim and SC Kim
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Hamyang, Gyeongnam, Korea
knheo0616@korea.kr

Conservation of Kyrgyzstan native chicken populations is needed to maintain genetic diversity for adaptation to
local conditions. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic relationships and diversity of the Kyrgyzstan
chicken. We analyzed polymorphisms in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop region based on the maternallineage. DNA samples were collected from 47 Kyrgyzstan chickens. PCR product for the analysis was used forthe first 1,263 nucleotides of the mtDNA D-loop. It was identified 25 polymorphic sites and 11 haplotypes inthese sequences. Haplotype diversity of these sequences was 0.863. Phylogenetic analysis in Kyrgyzstan breeds
identified two main haplogroup clusters using the neighbor-joining method. It shows that they share with groupsof different breeds, comparing these sequences with the haplotypes of chickens of other breeds. These results inthe mtDNA haplotypes identified a relatively high genetic diversity and the unique genetic characterization of thematernal lineage of Kyrgyzstan chickens. This study will be helpful in establishing an efficient conservation andmanagement system for the sustainable use of animal genetic resources in Kyrgyzstan.
Keywords: chicken, haplotype, Kyrgyzstan, mitochondrial DNA

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PP9-54

Primal cuts yields by meat yield grade of Hanwoo steers in
Pyoungchang province of Korea
BH Park, JI Won, S Jin, SR Cho, SS Jang, UH Kim, SS Kang, MS Park and HJ Lee
Hanwoo Research Institute, Kangwon, Korea
bhpark70@korea.kr

Carcass weights and yields of ten (10) primal cuts were compared under three beef yield grades (A, B, and C).
Primal cut data from 3371 Hanwoo steers slaughtered between 2020 and 2021, provided by the PyougnchangLivestock Cooperative, was used in this study. Steers were analyzed for ages of 28–32 months at slaughter, for
liveweights that exceed 590 kg at least, for carcass yield percent between 54% and 68%, and for eye muscle arealarger than 67 cm2. The results showed that the carcass weights for the three yield grades ranged between 435.42
kg and 478.42 kg and differed significantly at p < 0.05. Although primal-cut weights ranged between 246.94 kg
and 253.73 kg across grades, their differences appeared to be nonsignificant. For carcass weight and primal cuts,
grade C meat weights were the highest among others and noticeably higher than grade A. Overall, it was evident
that despite yield grade C being the highest in carcass weight trait, grade B for weight measures was the highest forvarious individual primal cuts (i.e., loin, chuck roll, clod, top round, brisket, and rib). In contrast, the yield percent
average of grade A was the highest and significantly different from the other two grades in all primal-cut traits.
It could indicate that inedible fat was abundant in yield grade C. Therefore, for feed efficiency and animal waste
reduction, we suggest that it is essential to use a feeding and breeding system that supports higher production ofyield grade A in Korean Hanwoo cattle.
Keywords: Hanwoo, primal cut, carcass weight, meat yield grade
Table 1. Means and standard errors of weight and yield measurements of carcass weight and primal cut traits according to Korean beef meat yield
gradesMeat yield grade
No of heads
Carcass WeightPrimal cuts
Tenderloin
Loin
Striploin
Chuck roll
Clod
Top round
Bottom round
Brisket
Shank
Rib
a-c

A
625
435.42c ± 1.56
246.94b ± 0.96
5.71 ± 0.02
32.90b ± 0.15
8.24 ± 0.04
15.00b ± 0.08
25.23b ± 0.11
20.40ab ± 0.09
35.72 ± 0.16
26.82b ± 0.15
15.98 ± 0.09
60.93c ± 0.24

Weight (kg)B
1858
460.34b ± 0.97
253.28a ± 0.59
5.75 ± 0.02
33.66a ± 0.09
8.32 ± 0.03
15.26a ± 0.05
25.64a ± 0.07
20.46a ± 0.05
36.08 ± 0.09
27.94a ± 0.09
16.17 ± 0.05
64.00b ± 0.16

C
807
478.42a ± 1.47
253.73a ± 0.83
5.72 ± 0.02
33.47a ± 0.12
8.25 ± 0.04
15.13ab ± 0.07
25.48ab ± 0.09
20.21b ± 0.07
35.74 ± 0.13
27.67a ± 0.12
16.03 ± 0.08
66.04a ± 0.25

A
625

Rate (%)
B
1858

C
807

56.7a ± 0.07
1.31a ± 0.004
7.55a ± 0.02
1.89a ± 0.01
3.44a ± 0.01
5.79a ± 0.01
4.69a ± 0.01
8.20a ± 0.02
6.15a ± 0.02
3.67a ± 0.02
14.00a ± 0.03

55.00b ± 0.05
1.25b ± 0.002
7.31b ± 0.01
1.81b ± 0.004
3.31b ± 0.01
5.57b ± 0.01
4.45b ± 0.01
7.84b ± 0.01
6.06b ± 0.01
3.51b ± 0.01
13.91b ± 0.02

53.05c ± 0.07
1.20c ± 0.003
7.00c ± 0.02
1.72c ± 0.01
3.16c ± 0.01
5.33c ± 0.01
4.23c ± 0.01
7.47c ± 0.02
5.78c ± 0.02
3.35c ± 0.01
13.81c ± 0.03

Means with different superscripts in the same row for weight and yield categories differed significantly at p < 0.05.

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PP9-56

Association between the genotypes of galactose
mutarotase (GALM) gene and carcass traits in Koreannative cattle, Hanwoo population
YK Kim1, YG Ko2, SM Shin1, BC Yang1, JH Yoo1 and JA Lee1
1

Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju 63242,
Korea, 2Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA,
Hamyang 50000, Korea
yookyung351@gmail.com

An insertion/deletion (indel) promoter polymorphism of bovine galactose mutarotase (GALM) gene was foundin the Korean indigenous cattle, Hanwoo. The indel polymorphisms showed the presence or absence of 14-bp(GGTCTAATGACCAG) fragment within expressed sequene tag (EST) sequences. All three genotypes (LL, LS
and SS) were found in Hanwoo steers. The association of GALM genotypes for carcass traits was examined in
the Hanwoo steer population. Significant differences were found between the genotypes and levels of several
carcass traits including intramuscular fat contents related traits, marbling score index (MSI), marbling score levels(MARBL) and backfat thickness (BF) (p < 0.05). The SS genotype harboring animals not only showed greater
intramuscular fat levels than those from LL and LS animals but also showed thinner levels of backfat than thosefrom the others. On the other hand, no significant associations were found between the GALM genotypes andthe levels of carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), meat color (MC), and fat color (FC) (p > 0.05). We
concluded that the genetic differences of GALM genotypes can effect on fat deposition in muscle and subcutaneous
tissue via galactose metabolism. The results of this study suggested that it may affect the growth performance andcarcass traits by this 14-bp deletion mutation of GALM gene in cattle.
Keywords: association, ctrait, GALM, Hanwoo

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PP9-58

Genome-wide association studies on collagen contents
trait in Hanwoo
KH Won1, DH Kim1, JS Yu1, HK Lee1, IH Hwang2 and JD Oh1
1

Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National
University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agricultural and Life
Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
wkh1204@gmail.com

Beef consumers have valued meat quality such as texture, tenderness, juiciness, flavor and meat color attributedetermining consumers’ purchasing decision. Most research on meat quality has focused on marbling, a key
characterisitc related to meat eating quality. However, other important traits like meat texture, tenderness andcolor have not much studied in cattle. Among these traits, meat tenderness and texture of cattle are one of the mostimportant factors in quality evaluation of consumers. Collagen is the main component of connective tissue andis the most abundant protein. This is a factor that contributes to changes in meat tenderness and texture. In thisstudy, we conducted to detect significant variants and candidate genes associated with collagen contents traits (totalcollagen, heat insoluble collagen, soluble collagen) using genome-wide association study (GWAS). Phenotypic andgenomic data from 136 Hanwoo were used. We used the BLUPF90 family programsa and GRAMMAR method for
GWAS. A total of 73 potential SNPs were idenified significant associtation with collagen contents traits and locatedin or near 108 candidate genes. We confirmed biological processes and pathways to predict biological functionsof these genes. We found that candidate genes were involved in positive regulation of CREB transcription factor
activity, actin binding and actin cytoskeleton related to tenderness and texture of beef. Three genes (CRTC3,
MYO1C and MYLK4) belonging to these biological functions were related to tenderness. These results willcontribute to improving meat quality of beef and providing a basis for further study on the genomic characteristics
of Hanwoo.
Keywords: Hanwoo, genome-wide association studies, collagen, SNPs

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-60A study on the introduction of the HACCP-based hazard
prevention and management system for honeybee drone
pupae breeding apiaries
HS Kim1, YJ Jun1,SY Shim1, YL Hwang1, HJ Song1, SJ Cho1, IS Nam2 and SH Back2
1

Korea Agency of HACCP Accreditation and Services, Cheongju, Korea, 2Hankyung National
University, Anseong, Korea
dh-khs@haccp.ac.kr

According to the enforcement of 「Beekeeping Industry Promotion and Support Act」 and the registration ofhoneybee drone pupae as new food ingredients('20.7.9) in Korea, it is necessary to develop a variety of products
using this material and to secure hygiene and safety to create a positive image for consumers.There are applicationsof the safety management system on beekeeping products in the manufacturing process, but it is insufficient in the
on-farm process in Korea. Therefore, this study presents a plan for the introduction of a prevention management
system for the food safety hazards of the apiary that breeding honeybee drone pupae through the investigation of
the HACCP system in the livestock breeding stage in domestic and the international case studies of the quality
and safety management program for the apiary. The investigations show that the domestic HACCP system has
effectively improved the hygiene and productivity of livestock farms. In addition, it is efficiently applied to theapiary based on the HACCP system in foreign cases. The HACCP system can be a solution to prevent and manage
hazards of beekeeping products in the breeding stage.The introduction of the HACCP system for the apiary canbe expected to foster a high added-value material industry and raise consumer awareness through improved
hygiene and safety management in the apiary and standardization of raw materials. To solve the difficulties facedby beekeepers in the introduction of the new system and to revitalize the system, policy support and manualdevelopments are recommended.
Keywords: edible insects, HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point)				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-62Analysis of environmental effect on reproductive traits of
Korean cow(Hanwoo) in Gyeongnam
CH Myung1, EH Kim1, HC Kang2, JY Kim1, DW Sun3 and HT Lim1
1

Gyeongsang National University, Department of Animal Science, JinJu, Korea, 2Institute ofAgriculture & Life science, Gyeonsang National University, JinJu, Korea, 3Gyeongnam Animal
Science & Technology, GyeongSang National University, JinJu, Korea
Reproductive traits of cow are an important factor affecting calf pregnancy and production cycle. Also
improvement is essential because short production cycles lead to increased farm productivity, but research on
improvement standard and environmental effects is insufficient. Therefore, this study conducted an analysis
of variance (ANOVA) on 874 Hanwoo cows in Gyeongnam by setting age at first service (AFS), age at first
conception (AFC), age at first calving (AFCa), which represent primiparous traits among reproductive traits asmodel 1 and 741 Hanwoo cows by setting fertillity rate (FR), gestation length (GL), Days open (DO), calving
interval (CI), which represent multiparous traits among reproductive traits as model 2. Model 1 analysis used the
cow's registration (CR), birth year (BY), birth season (BS), calf delivery year (CY), calf delivery season (CS),calf gender (CG) as environmental effects, showed no significant difference in the CG effect but CR, BY, CY, CS
showed a significant difference(p < 0.001). Model 2 analysis used the CR, BY, BS, CY, CS, CG, and number ofparity (NP) as environmental effects, there was no significant difference in the FR (p < 0.01) and the NP (p < 0.001).
As a result, there was a significant difference in all reproduction related environmental effects except for the CG
in primiparous traits, and the results showed that the environmental effect was insignificant in multiparous traits.
In order to obtain significant results on the environmental effects related to multiparous traits, it is necessary to
rediscover the environmental effects or change method of analysis.
Keywords : reproductive traits, environmental effects, Hanwoo

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-64The performance of growth traits in endangered Hanwoo
genetic resources; Chikso, Heugu, and White Hanwoo
Yeoung Gyu Ko, Nam tae Kim, Jae Yeong Lee, Chan Lan Kim and Sung Woo Kim
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seosang-myeon,
Hamyang-gun 50000, Korea
The objective of this study was to compare the performance of growth traits such as birth, weaning, 6 months ofage, 12 months of age, 18 months of age, and 24 months of age weights and body measurement traits in endangered
Hanwoo Genetic Resources; White Hanwoo, Chikso, and, Heugu. The number of individuals at various age was
11–38 heads for White Hanwoo, 21–46 heads for Chikso, and 5–17 heads for Heugu, respectively. Body weight in
Korean Traditional Cattle were quite similar to those of birth(but was the heaviest in White Hanwoo at 12 monthand was the lightest in Chikso. Body weight of cows at 24 month was the heaviest in Heugu and was the lightest inWhite Hanwoo. Body weight of bulls at 24 months was similar to Heugu, Chikso and White Hanwoo. The valuesof body measurement traits in Korean Traditional Cattle were quite similar to those of Hanwoo at 24 month of age
in cows but were much lower at 24 month in bulls than those of Hanwoo steers. This result seems to be due to theeffects of improvement of Hanwoo steers.
Keywords: Korean traditional cattle, White Hanwoo, Chikso, Heugu, growth trait				

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PP9-66

Application of ultrasound imaging for the determination ofmeat quality in Bali cattle
Dairoh1, Mukhamad Fakhrul Ulum2, Andi Baso Lompengen Ishak3,
Cece Sumantri4 and Jakaria Jakaria4
1

Animal and Production Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Indonesia,
Department of Veterinary Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB
University, Indonesia, 3Livestock Research Institute, Bogor, Indonesia, 4Department of Animal and
Production Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Indonesia

2jakaria@apps.ipb.ac.id

The research aimed to predict the carcass quality of Bali cattle using Ultrasound imaging. Total of 46 headsof a bull with ages ranging from 2.0–2.5 years from the animal slaughterhouse at Basirih, Banjarmasin, South
Kalimantan, Indonesia. Backfat thickness, longissimus dorsi thickness, marbling score, and intramuscular fat
were scanned using ultrasound with 7.1 MHz frequency at longissimus dorsi muscle between 12–13th thoracic
vertebrae. The transducer position was carried out transversal and longitudinal. Imaging data were analyzed by
Image-J NIH software and the next step was analyzed for marbling score and intramuscular fat using Aus-Meatstandard. The result showed that backfat thickness at longitudinal and transversal positions ranging from 0.14 to
0.52 cm and from 0.16 to 0.54 cm respectively followed the longissimus dorsi thickness ranging from 2.99 to 6.11
cm and from 3.32 to 5.87 cm in Bali cattle. Bali cattle showed marbling scores ranging from 0.71 to 4.70 and 0.69
to 3.34 followed by the raising of an intramuscular fat percentage ranging from 0.95 to 10.44% and from 0.99 to
7.21% at the longitudinal and transversal positions, respectively. Bali cattle's carcass quality can be predicted using
ultrasound parameters such as backfat thickness, longissimus dorsi thickness, marbling score, and intramuscular fat
percentage. It suggests that ultrasound is an efficient method for carcass quality prediction in live animals.
Keywords: Bali cattle, meat quality, ultrasound446

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-68

microRNAs binding to 3' untranslated region within gene
related with lipid metabolism in Korean Native cattle
HY Lim1, HD Hwang1, YS Lee1,2 and SJ Hong1
1

School of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong, 17579, Korea,
Center for Genetic Information, Hankyong National University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong, 17579, Korea

2hodus96@naver.com, heedong13290@naver.com

Among noncoding RNA, microRNAs are a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs, which play a role inpost-transcriptional regulation by targeting mRNA degradation or inhibiting their translation. Recently, In humans,
approximately 70% of the genome is translated into RNA, but 98.5% are noncoding RNAs, which is not translated
into protein. lipid metabolism is genetically regulated and these gene, is as a transcription factor, has an important
impact on regulation of adipogenesis, lipogenesis and lipid synthesis. However, the regulatory mechanisms of
microRNA in lipid metabolism are not well understood. Therefore, through use of bioinformatices tools and thelargest Korean native cattle database, this aim of study was to investigate microRNA that bind to specific regionof genes relatd with lipid metabolism. The largest Korean native cattle database collected from NCBI (n = 57) andNational Institute of Animal Science (n = 20) and the Bos taurus ARS-UCD1.2 was used as the reference genome.
Primary and mature microRNA location, positioning, and sequence were obtained from miRbase. Postion of
marbling score QTLs were extracted from the Animal QTLdb. Data mining for each mature microRNA that alter
target gene prediction was performed in FAANGmine. An in-house Python script was used to map microRNA
sequence to reference genome sequence and the miRmap package was for target prediction through Python scripts,
and using 13,345 3‘UTR bovine target sequences available within the same package. So, We have found 6 putative
microRNA, occurring in marbling score QTL region. Our results suggest that microRNA have the potential toaffect regulation of lipid metabolism.
Keywords: microRNA, lipid metabolism, gene expression regulation, Korean native cattle				

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PP9-70

Genome-wide association for fertility performance in
Hanwoo cows and correlation analysis for carcass traits
HM Do and D Yoon
Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
csu04127@knu.ac.kr

The reproductive efficiency of cows and the carcass traits of their offspring are very important in the profit
structure of commercial Hanwoo farms, but research on improving the reproductive efficiency of Hanwoo
cow has been insufficient. Therefore, this study conducted Genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on
Illumina Hanwoo 50 K SNP Chip, in order to explore the SNPs for the first services per conception (FSPC) andgestation length (GL) with 1,264 cows. Correlation analysis between FSPC/GL of dam, and carcass traits of theiroffspring was respectively performed. Of the 53,866 SNPs, only 40,800 autosomal SNPs were used for analysis.
As a result, there was no correlation between the FSPC, GL and the carcass traits of the offspring. In the GWAS
result for FSPC, 14 significant SNPs were identified, and in the GL result, 12 significant SNPs were identified.
Notably, rs43668757 (SOS1), which was identified to be related to FSPC, was reported to play an essential rolein embryonic development in mice, and rs136434578 (RNF144B) was reported to be related to endometriosis
in humans. In results of GL, it has been reported that rs41565912 (SLIT3) identified plays an important role in
reproductive ability in sheep, and rs109870665 (SV2B) can affect the initiation of puberty in swine. Thus, it isconsidered that the SNPs found in this study can be used as markers for the reproductive traits of Hanwoo cow.
Keywords: Hanwoo, fertility, GWAS, SNP

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-72

A comparison of North America and Korea national
breeding values in Holstein cattle
SH Lee, HJ Song and JH Cho
Dairy Cattle Improvement Center of NH-Agree Business Group, NACF, Goyang 10292,
Gyeonggi-do, Korea
asdko123@nate.com

The Holstein is a breed of dairy cattle that is common all over the world. North American bull had been distributedin Korea, dairy farmers in Korea are trusting their North American Estimated Breeding Value (EBV) and used.
Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the diferrence of national genetic evaluation for dairy cattle
between between North america and Korea. The data used were 2,861 of 4,689 Holstein bull distributed in Korea
by 2021, which were imported from North America. The bull had EBV from National Institute of Animal Science(NIAS) and the Council of Dairy Cattle Breeding (CDCB) in december, 2021. The bull also had result of multitrait
across-countries evaluation (MACE) announced by Interbull. The correlation between the EBV from CDCB, NIAS
and MACE were 0.46 to 0.73 and 0.73 to 0.91, respectively. The correlation between EBV form NIAS and Mace
was 0.84 to 0.91. The results of this study indicated that result of national genetic evaluation in Korea, not genetic
evlauation of other country, should be used for improvement dairy cattle.
Keywords: breeding value, dairy cattle, genetic evaluation, Holstein, MACE				

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-74

Genomic analysis using different genotyping platforms in
Korea dairy cattle
HJ Song, SH Lee and HJ Cho
Dairy Cattle Improvement Center of NH-Agree Business Group, Goyang, Korea
kiya0321@gmail.com

This study was conducted to compare the accuracy according to the application of genomic information to increase
the accuracy of EBV based on phenotype and pedigree information collected from dairy farms and investigated
the informative genomic regions. Genomic analysis was conducted with 5,431 animals using BayesC (pi = 0.99
and 0.997) method and three genotyping platform, genotyping platform : AxiomBovineMDv3 (65,003 SNPs),
IlluminaBovine50Kv3 (53,218 SNPs) and NHSeekV1 (299,326 SNPs). The deregressed estimated breeding value(DEBV) derived from national evaluation breeding value and their accuracy were taken as reponse-variable. The
most significant SNP marker, locate near the Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) and Myostatin gene,
were detected using NHSeekV1. The genomic accuracy of commercial genotyping platform AxiomBovineMDv3
and IlluminaBovine50Kv3 were 0.627 and 0.624 for milk yield, respectively, and the custom genotyping platform
NHSeekV1 was 0.623 for milk yield. In addition, for overall conformation score, AxiomBovineMDv3 andIlluminaBovine50Kv3 showed accuracy of 0.692 and 0.688, and for NHSeekV1, it showed accuracy of 0.686.
Therefore, it is showed that the use of genomic information may accelerate the improvement of economic trait
through an increase in accuracy. For effective improvement, it is considered that it is necessary to establish aplatform for genomic evaluation by discovering QTLs that have a large impact on traits and removing noise.
Keywords: dairy cattle, genomic selection, genomewide-study

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-76

Imputed whole-genome sequence-based association
study and biological pathway analysis for identification of
positional candidate genes influencing apork belly trait in Yorkshire pigs
Tae-Hee Kim1, Chan-Hyung Kim1, Kyu-Sang Lim1, Bong-Ki Kim1, Ji-Hyuk Kim1,
Jae-Bong Lee2, Cedric Gondro3 and Hee-Bok Park1
1

Department of Animal Reources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea, 2Korea
Zoonosis Research Institute,Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea, 3Department of
Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1225, USA

Pork belly (PB) is one of the most economically important cuts in many countries including Korea. Because PB
composes various muscles with the fat content between the muscles, the current loin-oriented evaluation system
is not optimal for genetic improvement of this prime cuts. The aim of this study is to conduct imputation-based
whole-genome sequence association study to identify the positional candidate genes and biological pathways
related with PB traits, such as the volume of the belly fat (VTF). A total of 543 purebred Yorkshire pigs were
genotyped using imputed 10,623,433 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers located throughout the
pig autosomes. The rMVP program based on mixed-linear model (MLM) and fixed and random effect model
circulating probability unification (FarmCPU) was used to perform the sequence level GWAS. VTF was associatedwith six SNP makers on chromosomes 1, 6, 7 and 13. Positional candidate genes, such as CXADR and PPP1R3G
which are related with lipid metabolism, were identified. The Enrichr biological pathway analysis revealed 14
Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia pathways associated with VTF. Especially, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, and Rap1 signaling pathway are likely to affect the phenotypic variation of
VTF. In addition, The STRING network analysis supports the results of biological pathway analysis. These results
could contribute for the improvement of the quantity and quality of PB [Fund: “Cooperative Research Program for
Agriculture Science and Technology Development (No. PJ015964022022” by the RDA and “National Research
Foundation of Korea grant by the MSIT (No. 2019R1F1A1062342)”, Korea].

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PP9-78Differences in expression of production, immune activity
and adaptation related genes in heat stressed
Dorper and second cross lambs
Aleena Joy1, Frank Dunshea1,2, Brian Leury1, Kristy DiGiacomo1,
Iain Clarke1 and Surinder Chauhan11Faculty of Veterinary and Agriculture Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia,
2
Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
fdunshea@unimelb.edu.au

Measurement of changes in expression of specific genes is one strategy for selection of thermotolerant breeds, tominimize the impact of climate change on sheep productivity and welfare. We compared the effects of heat stress(HS) on the expression of genes specific to production (insulin-like growth factor; IGF-1) and leptin receptor;
LEPR), immune function (interleukins 1 and 6; IL2, IL6), and adaptation (prolactin receptor; PRLR) in Dorper (D)and second cross (SC) (Poll Dorset × Merino/Border Leicester) lambs. After acclimation, 4–5-month-old lambs ofeach breed placed in climatic chambers for 2 weeks and exposed to either thermo-neutral conditions (18℃–21℃,
40%–50% RH, n = 12/group) or cyclic HS (28℃–40℃, 40%–60% RH, n = 12/group) conditions. Then the
animals were slaughtered humanely, and the liver samples were collected and flash frozen in liquid nitrogen andstored at –80℃. Total RNA was extracted, and reverse transcribed to cDNA for real-time PCR analysis. HS did
not affect either IGF-1 or LEPR gene expression. Expression of immune-related genes (IL2 and IL6 was increased(p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively). The increase in IL2 was greater in D lambs than in SC lambs. HS increased
PRLR expression (p < 0.05 overall) to a greater extent in D lambs than in SC lambs (p < 0.05). We confirm that
HS increases the expression of genes involved in immune function and physiological adaptation in sheep. Higher
expression of IL2 and PRLR in D indicates greater thermotolerance. In conclusion, IL2 and PRLR expression may
be useful molecular markers to evaluate thermotolerance in sheep.
Keywords: adaptation, heat stress, thermotolerance452

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-80Genetic correlation between linear classification traits andcarcass traits in Hanwoo cattle
JH Son, SJ Kim, SP Yoo, BS Kim, YH Jung and YM Koo
Korean Animal Improvement Association, Seoul, Korea
jhson@aiak.or.kr

This study was conducted to estimate the correlation between body type traits and carcass traits of Korean cattle
cows. For this purpose, we used the linear classification data of 30,061 heads surveyed in Gangwon-do by the
Korea Animal Improvement Association in 2021 and carcass traits of 1,842,526 for steer slaughtered between 2015
and 2021. The traits used in the analysis were the 20 linear classification traits and 4 carcass traits such as backfat
thickness (BFT), carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), and marbling score (MS). The breeding value
was estimated and the genetic correlation between linear classification traits and carcass traits, CW was a positive
correlation of 0.40 to 0.47 in comparison with 12 major body type traits. EMA was a positive correlation of 0.18 to
0.32, and the MS was a positive correlation of 0.04 to 0.12. BFT was a negative correlation from –0.04 to –0.20.
These results suggest that the linear classification traits of Hanwoo cows can have great significance not only as
data for reproductive trait and body type improvement, but also as indirect selection data for carcass traits.
Keywords: genetic correlation, carcass traits, linear traits, Hanwoo

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PP9-82

Prediction equation using records of carcass traits andtheir relative economic importance for the
carcass price of Hanwoo steers
H Kim1, H Bae2 and JJ Kim1,2
1

Eco Hanwoo Institute, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
sunlight1995@naver.com

The objectives were to develop the prediction equations based on carcass traits and to determine their relative
economic importance for the carcass price of Hanwoo steers. The carcass traits included carcass weight (CW), eyemuscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BT), and marbling score (MS). We used carcass trait and price data from a
total of 24,502 purebred Hanwoo steers slaughtered in Korea. A total of 131 outliers were identified and removed
as values that deviated from the mean by more than 3 times the standard deviation. For the determination ofrelative economic importance among the carcass traits, those values were standardized to follow the Z-distribution.
Prediction equations for the carcass price were developed using CW, EMA, BT, and MS as fixed variables whilebirth season, age at slaughter, and slaughterhouse were considered as random variables. The prediction equation
for the carcass price without standardization was: Carcass price (1,000 won) = –1,699 + 14.4 × CW (kg) + 10.3 ×
EMA (cm2) –39.8 × BT (mm) + 293.5 × MS (r2 = 0.81; p < 0.001). The prediction equation for the carcass pricebased on the standardized carcass traits was: Carcass price (1,000 won) = 6,465 + 532 × CW (kg) + 98 × LMA (cm2)–180 × BFT (mm) + 532 × MS (r2 = 0.81; p < 0.001). In conclusion, carcass price can be precisely predicted using
carcass traits and their relative economic importance for the carcass price are greater in CT and MS than in EMA
and BT.
Keywords: carcass price, carcass trait, prediction equation, Hanwoo

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PP9-84

Estimation of genetic parameters for Korean Hanwoo
female reproductive traits
MA Haque1, HC Bae1, TE Um1, EC Lee1, BNR Bae1, JI Won2, J Shil2, BH Park2,
JJ Ha3, YM Lee1 and JJ Kim1
1

Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal
Science, RDA, Korea, 3Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institue, Yeongju, Korea
azizul@ynu.ac.kr

The objective of the present study was to estimate the genetic parameters for calving interval (CI), age at firstcalving (AFC), gestation length (GL), and the number of artificial inseminations per conception (NAIPC) by using
single-trait and multi-trait animal models by using MTG2 v2.22 software from Korean Hanwoo cattle data. The
first parity data were obtained from 6,823 cows in nine cities across Gyeongbuk province in South Korea, whichwere born between 2005 and 2021 and inseminated from 2007 to 2021. About 9,598 cows were genotyped using
52K Illumina Bovine SNP chips. Estimates of heritability for CI were 0.046 ± 0.016, and 0.054 ± 0.016 withsingle and multi-trait models, while the estimates of heritability using the same models were 0.027 ± 0.011 and
0.067 ± 0.014 for AFC, 0.092 ± 0.017 and 0.098 ± 0.017 for GL, and 0.075 ± 0.015 and 0.113 ± 0.017 for NAIPC,
accordingly. The results indicate that the overall reproductive traits heritability is low and slightly different for
all four reproductive traits between the single and multi-trait models. CI showed negative genetic correlations of–0.294 ± 0.165, –0.311 ± 0.144, and –0.372 ± 0.138 with AFC, GL, and NAIPC, respectively, while AFC and GL
showed positive genetic correlations with GL, NAIPC, and NAIPC of 0.258 ± 0.116, 0.904 ± 0.081, and 0.282 ±0.099, respectively. The estimates of variance components and genetic correlations for the four female reproductive
traits obtained in this experiment could be utilized for future genetic improvement programs for Korean Hanwoo
cattle.
Keywords: genetic correlation, Hanwoo, heritability, reproductive traits				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP9-86

Single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction forreproductive traits in Korean Hanwoo beef cattle
MA Haque1, HC Bae1, TE Um1, EC Lee1, BNR Bae1, JI Won2, J Shil2, BH Park2,
JJ Ha3, YM Lee1 and JJ Kim1
1

Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal
Science, RDA, Korea, 3Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institue, Yeongju, Korea
azizul@ynu.ac.kr

The objective of this study was to estimate the accuracy of single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction(ssGBLUP) and to compare its efficacy with the traditional pedigree-based BLUP (PBLUP) method. The firstparity data of calving interval (CI), age at first calving (AFC), gestation length (GL), and the number of artificial
inseminations per conception (NAIPC) traits of 6,823 cows were collected from nine cities across Gyeongbuk
province in South Korea, which were born between 2005 and 2021 and inseminated from 2007 to 2021. About
9,598 cows were genotyped using Illumina Bovine 52 K SNP chip. Single-trait animal model analysis method
were performed by using BLUPF90+ programs. We compared the accuracies by PHEN + GEN (both phenotyped
and genotyped) with GEN (genotyped-only) individuals. The estimates of ssGBLUP accuracy in PHEN + GEN,and GEN ranged from 0.38 and 0.55, and 0.34 and 0.48, respectively. We observed an increase in accuracy by
2.4% to 5.8% in PHEN + GEN and 21.4% to 33.3% in GEN individuals in ssGBLUP than the PBLUP method.
The Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient between estimated breeding value (EBV) and genomic EBV(GEBV) of the individual was higher in PHEN + GEN individuals related than only GEN individuals. We foundthat the accuracy was noticeably improved in ssGBLUP than in the traditional PBLUP method, especially for thoseindividuals who had no phenotypic information. These results suggest that the addition of genomic information
increases the accuracy.
Keywords: GEBV accuracy, reproductive traits, ssGBLUP

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PP9-88Linkage disequilibrium analysis of commercial Hanwoo
population using Hanwoo big data
Gwang Hyeon Lee1, Yeon Hwa Lee1, Gil Jong Seo1, Chan mi Bang2 and Hong Sik Kong3,4
1

The Graduate School of Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 2Graduate School of
Future Convergence Technology, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Hankyong
National University, Anseong, Korea, 4Gyeonggi Regional Research Center, Anseong, Korea
rhkdgus0628@hknu.ac.kr

This study collected basic data for improving the Commercial Hanwoo Population were collected by estimating
the linkage disequilibrium between SNP markers of hanwoo raised in Gyeonggi, Gangwon, Chungbuk, andGyeongnam regions. The Hanwoo tail hair samples used in this study were collected from 1740 Hanwoo cattle
in the each region and were subjected to SNP Chip analysis using Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip. The total
number of SNPs obtained through analysis was 52,195, QC (Quality control) was performed based on call rates< 0.90 (1,115), minor allele frequency (MAF) < 0.05 (9,396), Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) p-value < 1
× 10–7 (475), and finally 41,209 SNP information was used. The average distance between each SNP was 0.061,
showing the highest distance interval at 0.073 Mb in chromosome 12, and showing the closest distance interval at
0.046 Mb in chromosome 14. The r2 value according to the distance was 0.230 for the SNP distance between 0 and
50 Kb and was 0.045 for distance between 250 and 300 kb. Thus, the farther the distance between the SNPs, thelower the r2 value. This study confirmed that Hanwoo in the Commercial Hanwoo Population had no significant
difference in LD. However, it is necessary to strategy to not lose genetic diversity such as cow test.
Keywords: Hanwoo, linkage disequilibrium, SNP chip, commercial population

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PP9-90

The association of prolactin gene with morphological traits
in three Indonesian duck breeds
APZNLS Sari1, A Fathoni1, DS Kumalawati1, DNH Hariyono2 and D Maharani1
1

Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas GadjahMada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2Faculty of Agriculture, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia
apriliannaputri@mail.ugm.ac.id

Prolactin is one of the genes controlling some economic traits in ducks, such as egg production, growth, andmorphological. This research aimed to investigate polymorphism within the prolactin gene and its relation withsome morphological traits (BW = beak width, BL = beak length, NL = neck length, ND = neck diameter, SL =shank length, FW = foot width, and CL = claw length) in Turi, Bayang, and Magelang ducks. Sixty-four blood
samples (Turi = 24, Bayang = 26, Magelang = 14) were isolated and amplified using a one-set primer producing
a 400 bp fragment. The SNP g.5796C/A and g.5817T/C located in exon five were polymorphic in Turi, Bayang,
and Magelang duck populations. The 5795-AA and 5817-CC genotypes were absent in all duck populations. In theoverall population, both SNPs had similar alleles and genotype frequencies. The genotype frequency distributions
in all breeds at every locus were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05). The SNPs g.5796C/A and g.5817T/C
created two haplotypes: the AA (homozygous) and BB (heterozygous) haplotypes. The association study revealed
that the AA haplotypes significantly affect FW (p-value = 0.028) in the total population. In Turi ducks, the AA
haplotypes (1.57 ± 0.02) have higher ND than the BB haplotypes (1.49 ± 0.04). The results confirm significant
associations between different haplotypes of the prolactin gene and morphological traits in ducks.
Keywords: prolactin, morphological traits, duck, Indonesia

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-92

Reproductive performance of Holstein cattle in Korea
JW Seo1,2, SH Lee3, HJ Song3, JH Jo3, JG Lee4, CG Dang4 and JH Lee2
1

Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2Geneapps Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea, 3Nonghyub Dairy Cattle
Improvement Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 4National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
seo110902@naver.com

The improvement of dairy cattle in Korea has been mainly focused on milk production traits and bodyconformation traits. However, the fertility in dairy herds is becoming more important as several studies indicate
declines in the reproductive performance of dairy cows. This study aimed to establish basic information on the
reproductive traits and to analyze the factors related to fertility in Korean dairy cattle. 4,785,945 insemination
records for Holstein cows calved between 2000 and 2022 (May) were obtained, and 2,402,575 inseminated records
were used for basic analysis. Total records were 30 variables including basic information and reproductive traits(the number of first calving days (FCD), the number of days open (DO), daughter pregnancy rate (DPR), calving
difficulty, calving interval (CI), etc.). The records of FCD, DO, CI, DPR, calving difficulty (CD), days in milk (DIM),
305-day adjusted milk yield, milk fat, and milk protein showed normal distributions. The means of FCD, DO,
DPR, and DIM were 102, 191.7, 29.42, and 377.1, respectively. The yearly trend of reproductive traits from 2001
to 2020 was slightly decreasing in FCD and was slightly increasing in DO, CI, and DIM, and the DPR showeda decreasing tendency. For 13 numerical variable traits, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated using
1,556,557 records. The correlations between DO and DPR, DIM, and DPR showed a negative correlation of –0.63
and –0.61, respectively.
Keywords: Holstein, reproductive trait, descriptive statistical analysis, conception rate				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l459

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-94

Evaluation of GEBV accuracy of carcass traits using
different reference populations in Jeju Black cattle
TE Um, HC Bae, MA Haque, A Iqbal, A Shrabana, EC Lee, BNR Bae, YM Lee and JJ Kim
Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
dmsdus0703@ynu.ac.kr

The objective of the present study was aimed to predict the accuracy of genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV)
for carcass traits including carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BT), and marblingscore (MS) in Hanwoo (n = 7,114) and Jeju Black cattle (JBC; n = 459) as test populations. Phenotypic and SNP
data (Illumina Bovine 50K SNP chip for Hanwoo and Affymetrix 160k SNP Axiom Array for JBC) for Hanwoo(n = 2,368) and Jeju Black cattle (JBC; n = 1,137) as reference populations were collected. Using the common
SNP data between 50 K and 160 K SNP chips, genomic relationship matrices were calculated, and those matrices
were used to estimate the GEBV and the accuracy of GEBV based on the genomic-best linear unbiased prediction(GBLUP) by using MTG2 v2.22 software. The model accuracy in Hanwoo test population for CW, EMA, BT, andMS based on Hanwoo reference population were increased in 79, 84, 82, and 91%, respectively, than those based
on JBC reference population. However, model accuracy in JBC test population for CW, EMA, BT, and MS based
on JBC reference population were increased in 39, 40, 57, and 48%, respectively, than those based on Hanwooreference population. In conclusion, greater accuracy is shown for the comparison of either Hanwoo or JBC test
populations within a corresponding breed reference population. Additionally, it is expected that the use of JBC
reference population for the ground database for the genomic selection of JBC.
Keywords: GEBV, GBLUP, Hanwoo, Jeju Black cattle

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PP9-96

Estimation of pork carcass lean yield bymeasuring the fifth rib cross section
HC Su1, CY Lin1,2, JJ Xu1 and RS Lin1
1

Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan,
Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

2s0224662286@gmail.com

Taiwanese commercial specifications of pork loin cuts were usually from the fifth or sixth rib cross section of thelongissimus dorsi to the last lumbar vertebrae. However, the traditional carcass grading methods usually cut off thetenth rib section and collected the grading factor data, which might affect the commercial utilization of loin andits value. The purpose of this study was to estimate pork carcass lean yield by measurements of the fifth rib crosssection. The experiment used 96 pork carcasses from a commercial slaughterhouse. The average of live weight was
120.77 ± 8.76 kg. All carcasses were ribbed to measure fat depth, muscle depth, muscle area of the longissimus
dorsi section of the fifth rib after pre-cooling. The results showed that hot carcass weight (HCW), backfat depth(BFD), loin depth (LD) of the fifth rib could be used to predict carcass lean percentage (LP), dissected carcass leanweight (DMW) and dissected lean weight of 5 primal cuts with coefficients of determination (r2) being 0.135 (RMSE= 1.976), 0.781 (RMSE = 1.080) and 0.739 (RMSE = 1.099), respectively. The loin muscle area of the fifth rib
and the tenth rib was positively correlated (r = 0.175, p < 0.09), However, the loin muscle area of the fifth rib was
not a significant predictor for carcass lean content in this research.
Keywords: pork carcass lean, backfat depth, loin muscle area.

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PP9-98New bio-technology for swine gender selection by
Y sperm specific antibody protein
SW Park and DK Kim
Nuriscience, Hanam, Gyenggi-do, Korea
psw@nurisci.com

In livestock industry, the sex ratio of offspring for each breed is a very important factor in economic profits.
Therefore, while many studies are being conducted to control the sex of livestock, the efficiency of sexing sperm
is still low level due to various damages and limited production. Especially in the case of swine, sex control
technology is very necessary because castration is impossible due to animal ethics. Therefore, the purpose of thisstudy was to determine the effect of WholeMom-swine on sperm as a novel sexing monoclonal antibody against
swine sperm. When it is mixed the WholeMom-swine protein and swine sperm of breed such as duroc, landrace,and yorkshire, the Y sperm could induce the aggregation reaction by protein but not X sperm. Fluorescenceactivated cell sorting (FACS) analysis showed that the WholeMom-swine protein specifically binds to Y sperm
in the positive population of up 50% of all sperm. There was no difference in sperm mortality and viability withuse of WholeMom-swine compared with the naïve liquid semen. In addition, the sperm motility and viability ofWholeMom-swine protein were significantly superior to those of the control group on the 4th day. This novel Y
sperm specific binding WholeMom-swine protein will successfully isolate X sperm and produce sows. The use ofthis novel protein-based sperm identification technology could significantly contribute to sow production as wellas genetic enhancement of pigs and the development of additional sows that can expand herds in a short period oftime.
Keywords: WholeMom, swine, sexed sperm, sperm sorting technique462

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Animal Science Congress

PP10-2

Effect of vaccine side effects mitigating agents on foot-andmouth disease vaccination stress in bovine
WH Oh, SY Yang, YJ Cho, SJ Lee and JH Han
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
hanjh@kangwon.ac.kr

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease that occurs in cattle and pig etc., causes large
economic losses during the outbreak. The FMD vaccine, which was mainly used in Korea, was composed of oil
excipients and can cause various side effects after vaccination. FeverNil (Han Poong, Korea) is a FMD vaccine
stress-reliever based on acetaminophen mainly. This study was conducted to investigate the relieving effect ofFeverNil on stress caused by FMD vaccination in cattle. Thirty cattle, 3 months old, were used and divided into 3
groups including Control, FMD vaccination group, FMD vaccine + FeverNil (oral administration of 0.2% FeverNilpowder for 5 days after FMD vaccination) group. We observed changes in BW, FCR and serum level of stressindicators. The group of FeverNil had significantly improved total body weight gains and FCR compared to thegroup of non-treated FeverNil. FMDV antibody titers of sera tended to increase in the FMD vaccine + FeverNilgroup than the only vaccination group, but there was no significant difference statistically. Serum contents of thestress indicators as cortisol, TNF-α and CRP were significantly lower in the FMD vaccine + FeverNil group thanvaccination group from 5 to 14 days after injection of FMD vaccine. In conclusion, administration of 0.2% feedto FeverNil after FMD vaccination in cattle, was effective in relieving clinical symptoms as body weight loss andfever, and reducing stress after FMD vaccination.
Table 1. Changes of cortisol, TNF-alpha and C-reactive protein contents after FMD vaccination with or without FeverNil treatment
Days

Stress indicator

Control

FMD Vaccination group

D0

Cortisol (ng/mL)

5.23 ± 0.57

5.55 ± 0.70

5.65 ± 1.62

D5

6.15 ± 1.12

8.50 ± 2.28

5.68 ± 1.00#

D7

5.45 ± 1.11

7.28 ± 1.65

5.78 ± 1.56

D14

5.73 ± 1.18

9.98 ± 1.19***

7.55 ± 0.64*,##69.25 ± 6.24

68.20 ± 11.76

66.03 ± 19.96

72.68 ± 3.82

82.25 ± 17.63

58.50 ± 8.48#

70.93 ± 6.26*

64.70 ± 4.27##**

D0

TNF-α (ng/L)

D5
D7
D14
D0

*

CRP (mg/L)

88.53 ± 14.41

Vaccine + FeverNil group66.40 ± 6.64

100.58 ± 12.22

75.15 ± 15.65#
4.03 ± 1.04

3.95 ± 0.97

4.38 ± 0.82

D5

3.35 ± 1.42

4.70 ± 1.42

3.65 ± 0.89

D7

4.25 ± 0.42

5.45 ± 1.18

3.75 ± 0.48#

D14

3.80 ± 0.77

6.00 ± 1.07*

4.05 ± 1.22#

p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, significantly different from control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, significantly different from vaccine group.

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PP10-4

Factors affecting availing of veterinary services from in
India: a regional perspective
S Mahajan1, JS Papang2, I Panchal1 and B Sharanagouda11Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India, 2CCS Haryana
Agricultural University, Hisar, India
sumit.mahajan@luvas.edu.in

A major part of recent surge in growth rate of milk production in India has been attributed to increase inpopulation of crossbred cattle whose higher productivity is accompanied by higher susceptibility to infectious andmetabolic diseases triggering the need of quality, timely and economical veterinary services. The government isprimary provider of veterinary services. With this background, the present study was conducted with objectiveof determining the factors affecting availing of veterinary services from different sources. The study is based on
the secondary data available from NSSO conducted in the year 2013. Decision to use veterinary services and its
choice was hypothesized to be affected by access to veterinary services, milk production, operational land holding,principal income source, milk price, training, extension along with demographic factors. Considering the diversityof India, the data were divided into six regions and data were analysed for each of six regions and at all-India level
using multinomial logit method. At all-India level, exposure to extension agencies encouraged the dairy farmers toavail institutional services. The marginal sections of the society were likely to not avail veterinary services, thereby
affecting the productivity of the animals. Households with higher milk production levels were more likely to avail
veterinary services. Households in Hills, East, and NE regions were likely to avail institutional veterinary services
if made available in villages. Households with higher milk production were more inclined to avail veterinary
services from both (institutional and non-institutional) sources of veterinary services in North and West regions.
Keywords: veterinary services, factors, NSSO, regions

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Animal Science Congress

PP10-6Age-dependent cytokine expression against foot-andmouth diseases virus stimulation in bovine peripheral
blood mononuclear cells
Seung-Won Yi1, Ngoc Anh Bui2, Hu Suk Lee3, Vuong Nghia Bui2, Duy Tung Dao2,
Eunju Kim1, Tai-Young Hur1 and Sang-Ik Oh1
1

National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea,
National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Vietnam, 3International Livestock ResearchInstitute (ILRI), Hanoi, Vietnam2

swfs0619@korea.kr

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a cause of highly contagious viral disease in pigs. The aim of this study
is to compare the immunological response against FMDV in bovine PBMCs depending on the age of cattle.
PBMCs were obtained from 7–9 months cattle (n = 3) and 3–4 months calves (n = 3). The collected PBMCs were
infected with 2.0 × 102 TCID50 of serotype O FMDV, and incubated for 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours.
The RNA was isolated from all PBMCs, and synthesized to cDNAs. The relative expression of Th1-related (IL-2,
IFN-γ, TNF-α), Th2-related (IL-4, IL-6), inflammation-related (IL-10), and internal control genes (GADPH) were
quantified. The IL-2 (at 6 and 48 hpi) and IL-4 (at 48 and 72 hpi) was observed to be significantly higher in the
cattle than those in the calves. However, the mRNA expression of IL-6 (at 1 and 3 hpi) and IL-10 (at 6 and 24 hpi)
was significantly higher in the calves than those in the cattle. In conclusion, innate immune responses against the
FMDV infection differs between calves and cattle. Further in vivo studies may help validate this conclusion.
Keywords: age, cattle, cytokine, foot-and-mouth disease virus				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP10-8

Hematological differences in Hanwoo cows according tomaternal age and hematology correlation ofpregnant cows and their calves
UH Kim, SR Cho and SS Kang
Hanwoo Research Institute, Kangwon, Korea Hanwoo Research Institute, Kangwon, Korea
uhkim@korea.kr

Complete blood cell count (CBC) reference intervals in animals are affected by various factors such as age, sex,
genotype, stress, and management. However, there have been few studies related to CBC differences according to
the ages of adult cows. Therefore, in this study, we confirmed differences in CBC according to different age groups
in Hanwoo cows and determined whether the mother cows’ CBC results were related to the offspring calves’ CBC
results. Blood samples from 371 clinically healthy pregnant cows and 206 neonate calves from those pregnant
cows were used in this study. Each mother cow’s blood was sampled one month before delivery, and each calf’s
blood was sampled at 1 week, 4 weeks, and 20 weeks after birth. Of the 14 parameters, 11 showed differences
according to age groups of ≤ 36 (n = 97), 37–72 (n=153), 73–108, (n = 77), and ≥ 109 (n = 44) months (p < 0.05).
The sex of the neonate calves was not related to changes in maternal CBC. CBC comparison of pregnant cows
and total calves showed differences in most parameters. Neither high nor low maternal CBC results showed direct
association with her calf’s CBC result. One week after delivery of the calf, three CBC parameters were affected by
the age of the mother at the time of delivery. These results suggest that the CBC reference intervals of an adult cow
can be affected by maternal age, and a cow’s age at delivery can affect early calf CBC results.
Keywords: age, CBC, Hanwoo, calf

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Animal Science Congress

PP10-10

Effects of dietary supplementation of bacteriophage on
weaning pigs health status in a contaminated environment
YH Choi1, A Hosseindoust2, HJ Jin1, HJ Chung1, SJ Sa1, DW Kim1, JE Kim1,
YJ Min1, DY Jeon1, YD Jeong1 and JS Kim2
1

Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan 31000, Korea, 2Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National
University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
cyh6150@korea.kr

Coliform diarrhea is a distinct gastrointestinal challenge that extensively influences pigs performance during theweaning period. This has led the research on weaning pigs to focus on controlling the contamination by effective
anti-E. Coli bacteriophage or the pharmacological dose of ZnO in the intestine. The treatments included, PC,
without challenge; NC, non-sanitary environment (NSE); NCBP, 10 ppm bacteriophage/kg + NSE; NC-ZnO,
2,500 ppm bacteriophage/kg + NSE, on growth performance, inflammatory responses, antioxidant status, shortchain fatty acids, and intestinal integrity of weaned piglets. The final body weight and average daily gain of pigs
were increased in the NCBP and NC-ZnO treatments compared with the NC treatment. The pigs in the NCBP
and NC-ZnO groups exhibited a decreased concentration of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α,
and zonulin. The concentration of MDA was lower in the PC and NC-ZnO compared with the NC. The MPO
concentration was reduced in the PC, NCBP, and NC-ZnO treatments compared with the NC. The concentration of
butyric acid was increased in the NCBP treatment compared with the PC. Supplementation of bacteriophage andZnO significantly improved the villus height in the duodenum compared with the NC. Moreover, the pigs in the
NC-ZnO treatments showed a greater villus height in the jejunum compared with the NC treatment. These results
suggest that bacteriophage can be used as an effective agent to decrease the adverse effects of weaning stress in
non-sanitary condition and possibly be an alternative to the pharmacological dose of ZnO.
Keywords: bacteriophage, ZnO, coliforms, stress, microbiota, challenge, cytokines

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PP10-12

Risk assessment of biosecurity level innational livestock farmYoung-Hun Jung, Eunju Kim, Han Gyu Lee and SHMP Wimalasena
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
vet9973@korea.kr

Biosecurity is important due to the continuous occurrence and spread of livestock diseases such as ASF (Africanswine fever) and HPAI (Highly pathogenic avian influenza) in Korea. It is difficult to objectively evaluate abiosecurity level of farm with a simple screening evaluation. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the levelof biosecurity at the National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), which possesses the national genetic resources
and conducts sustainable livestock research.
A total of four farms were selected in NIAS, including dairy, HANWOO, swine and chicken farms. The
biosecurity level of these farms was assessed based on a total scoring index of 94–116 divided into eight categories
management; animal resources brought from outside, feed and water, farm entry, farm environment, animal health,biosecurity documentation, disinfection and barn entrance management.
As a national research institute, showed a high level of biosecurity in disinfection, documentation, access, feed
and drinking water management. The part evaluated as a risk factor in the dairy farm, the close proximity of otherlivestock farms was a threat. In the case of the swine farm, there was no boot washing facility in the barn front
rooms. And the poultry farm, frequent bringing of hatching eggs and, visitors entering the barn due to construction
and repair were identified as risk factors. There is always the risk of malignant infectious diseases. Efforts should
be made to ensure sustainable livestock farming by identifying and improving the biosecurity hazards of the farmto prevent diseases.
Keywords: biosecurity, risk assessment, livestock, farm management468

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Animal Science Congress

PP10-14

Effect of antifungal agents against Trichophyton
verrucosum isolates from cattle
SHMP Wimalasena1, SI Oh1, YH Jung1, EJ Kim1, EY Bok1, SW Yi1,
SW Jung2, TY Hur1 and HG Lee1
1

National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2Cheonan Agricultural
Techonology Center, Cheonan, Korea
Madusha87@korea.kr

Ringworm is a skin disease in cattle caused by the fungus Trichophyton verrucosum (TV). Several antifungal
agents such as natamycin and eilconazole were used for bovine ringworm in the west countries, but the only
resorcinol has been approved in Korea. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of seven antifungal
agents (aminopyrrlonitrin, thiabendazole, enilconazole, chlorhexidine, natamycin, iodine, and resorcinol) against TV
isolates from the cattle in Korea. The Efficacy of seven antifungal agents against 28 TV isolates was evaluated by
the spot culture growth inhibition assay (SPOTi). Two fold serial dilution of agents in the agar was prepared with arange between 0.125 μg/mL to 128 μg/mL. Each TV suspension (5 μL) was incubated at 37℃ for 7 days. The mean
MIC value of aminopyrrlonitrin, thiabendazole, and enilconazole was 2.57, 1.46, and 1.30 μg/mL, respectively.
Which was higher than the rest of agents. All TV isolates in this study were susceptible for the chlorhexidine,
natamycin, and iodine with > 64 μg/mL, and those for the resorcinol with > 128 μg/mL. Although the MIC values
have differed from each TV isolate, most of them were shown similar MIC values for the seven agents used in thisstudy. The aminopyrrlonitrin, thiabendazole, and enilconazole could be chosen for managing TV infection in cattle.
Further in vivo study is needed to clarify the safety of those antifungal agents.
Keywords: Trichophyton verrucosum, cattle, antifungal agents, minimum inhibitory concentration

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PP10-16Development of advanced monoclonal VHH antibody forprotection against virus-induced diarrhea in calves
SH Kim1, MA Miguel1, CH Kim2, JS Moon2, YI Cho1 and SS Lee1
1

Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Adbiotech Co., Ltd., Chuncheon, Korea
mhs0425@hanmail.net

Llama-derived single-chain antibody fragments (VHH) or nanobodies are widely used as diagnostic and therapeutic
antibodies due to their high tissue permeability and their small molecular weight of 15 kDa. Calf diarrhea isa widely distributed disease, not only in Korea but also worldwide, and one of the main causes of morbidity
and mortality in dairy calves. Therefore, to overcome the limitations of the treatment of viral calf diarrhea, wedeveloped novel antibody therapeutics that can protect the monoclonal VHH antibody against viral diarrhea
damage. In this study, we immunized an alpaca with bovine group A rotavirus (RVA) and coronavirus (BCoV).
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the blood of immunized alpaca, total RNA wasextracted, and cDNA was synthesized. After VHH gene amplification and phagemid vector library construction, agroup of nanobodies that specifically bind to the viruses was selected by biopanning. After obtaining the genetic
information of the selected nanobody, the nanobody protein expressed in Bacillus subtilis RIK1285 was obtainedusing the pBE-S DNA vector system. The rotavirus-target nanobody, clone 20-6, was an excellent mAb with an
EC50 of 14.8 ng/mL and an IC50 of 5.6 μg/mL. In addition, the coronavirus-target nanobody, clone 5-3, was selected
as mAb with excellent EC50 (67 ng/mL) and IC50 (0.4 μg/mL). In this study, we developed monoclonal VHH
antibodies against the virus causing diarrhea. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the therapeutic potentialof these nanobodies as an effective antibody therapeutic agent to prevent and treat calf virus-mediated diarrheal
disease.
Keywords: calf diarrhea, nanobodies, VHH

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Animal Science Congress

PP10-18

Analysis of microbiome and tissue transcriptome tounderstand the changes of gut environment in chicken by
microalgae supplementation
TY Kim1, SY Joo1, SS Joo1, SJ Lee1, ZH Kim2 and M Kim1
1

Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National
University, Miryang 50463, Korea, 2Microbial Research Department, Nakdonggang National
Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), Sangju, Korea
kty9884738@naver.com

Newly hatched chicks rely mostly solely on innate immunity until their gut gets colonized with the microbiota.
The immune system of hatched chicks develops in coincidence with gut microbe colonization. Gut environment
composed of microbiota, metabolites, epithelial cells and immune cells is influenced by various endogenous orexogenous factors. Dietary compounds such as feed additives is one of driving factor for changing gut environment,
immunity, and microbiota as well. Microalgae has been used as its possibility potential for environment-friendly
production to regulate the animals’ physiological function. However, the effect of microalgae on gut environment
is not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of microalgae supplementation in starter
diet on changes of gut environment including gut immunity and microbiome in broiler chicks. Mychonastes
pushpae supplemented diet as dietary treatment was given for hatched chicks from 1 to 7- day-olds. At 7 days old,chicks were received oral gavage of 100 μL PBS or 10 μL/mL LPS for immune stimulation. 24 hours after oral
gavage treatment, we have collected cecal contents for 16s rRNA sequencing and small intestinal tissue for RNA
sequencing. M. pushpae supplemented diet did not affect the diversity and composition of cecal microbiota but
altered the mRNA expressions of genes, that related to steroid biosynthesis pathway in the small intestine. Thesefindings suggest that M. pushpae supplementation could modulate the LPS-induced changes in the small intestine.
These results indicates that M. pushpae supplementation can be used as bioactive materials to modulate gut
environment of broiler chicks.
Keywords: broiler, gut environment, intestinal microbiota, transcriptome, microalgae				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP10-20

Prevalence of subclinical hypocalcemia and its effect on
ketonemia in multiparous prepartum dairy cows fed withnegative anionic-cationic difference diets
D Scandolo1, P Lopez del Cerro2, M Casas2, E Ortega2, M Picca2, D Camisasso3,
J Camisasso2, A Cuatrin4 and M Maciel1
1

EEA INTA Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina, 2Private Activity, Córdoba, Argentina, 3La Querencia SRL,
Saturnino María Laspiur, Córdoba, Argentina, 4EEA INTA Paraná, Ente Ríos, Argentina
scandololucini.d@inta.gob.ar

The aim was to determine the prevalence of subclinical hypocalcaemia and to evaluate its effect on ketonemia
during the first two weeks postpartum in multiparous cows with prepartum diets with negative anionic-cationicdifferences (–9.5 mEq/100g DM). Twenty-five Holstein multiparous cows were used, belonging to a commercial
dairy herd located in Argentina. The cows received a prepartum diet (%DM): corn silage (46.9%), soybean expeller(14.1%), prepartum concentrate (17.5%) and wheat straw (21.5%). Blood samples were obtained for determinationof the total serum calcium concentration (Ca) with Arsenazo III method, on the day of parturition, 2 to 3, 4 to 5,
6 to 8 and 9 to 12 days postpartum. Between day 4 and 5 postpartum, blood samples were obtained to determine
BHB with a portable device. Cows were classified as NormoCa when in 0 or 1 sampling they presented Ca ≥ 8.51
mg/dL, while they were considered to have subclinical HypoCa when in 2 or more samples presented ≤ 8.50 mg/dL.
The Mann-Whitney U Test was performed to detect differences in BHB between calcaemic groups. Differencesin proportions were made in cows with NormoCa and HypoCa ≥ 0.8 mmol/L BHB. The HypoCa prevalence was
68.0%. The BHB was 0.26 mmol/L higher (p = 0.0181) with HipoCa (0.82 ± 0.26 mmol/L) in relation to NormoCa(0.56 ± 0.20 mmol/L). The 64.7% the cows with HipoCa had BHB ≥ 0.8 mmol/L, while in the NormoCa only the
12.5% (p = 0.030206). It is concluded that more than 2/3 of multiparous cows during the transition period presented
subclinical hypocalcaemia with BHB compatible with hyperketonaemia and Subclinical Ketosis.

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Animal Science Congress

PP10-22

Bacteriological cure rates of the primary intramammary
infection due to the secondary intramammary
infection of bovine mastitis
Pangprasit Noppason1,2, Srithanasuwan Anyaphat1,3, Intanon Montira4,5
and Suriyasathaporn Witaya3,5
1

Ph.D. Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon
Si Thammarat, Thailand, 3Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 4Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public
Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 5Research Center of Producing
and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health and Production, Chiang Mai
University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
p.noppason@gmail.com

In chronic mastitis, spontaneous cures are observed especially in high bulk somatic cell count (BSCC) farms.
These cures are caused by immunological clearance which mostly complete some bacteria; coagulase-negative
staphylococci (CNS). For chronic mastitis, primary pathogens might be destroyed by reinfection with anotherbacteria (BCURE). The objective of this study was to investigate BCURE rate among mastitis pathogens in high
BSCC farm. The longitudinal study was conducted by weekly collection of quarter milk samples from 26 cows
for bacterial identification. Results were chronologically sorted for determining infected episodes, and BCURE,
defining at the time of changing to another bacterium that was confirmed by continuing infected with the newone. Differences of BCURE among previous pathogens separated into duration of their episodes were evaluatedusing Fisher’s Exact Chi-square tests. Overall, BCURE at 1-wk, 2–8-wk and 9–12-wk were 28.2, 41.3, and 2.2,
respectively. For 1-wk episode, BCURE for CNS (13.6%) was significantly lower than others infected episodes
including S. aureus (83.3%), S. uberis (51.9%), S. agalactiae (42.9%), S. dysgalactiae (40.0%), and otherstreptococci (38.1%), respectively. For 2-8-wk episodes, high BCURE were observed for all mastitis pathogens
ranging from 20.0% for S. dysgalactiae to 58.3% for S. uberis. In conclusion, the high BCURE are observed within
1 wk and 2–8-wk after primary infection. Lower BCURE for CNS are observed for 1-wk episode. High level of
BCURE were observed for episodes with 1-wk and 2–8-wk duration. With 12 wk observation in this study, chronic
episodes or 9–12-wk episode is very low percentage of BCURE.
Keywords: mastitis, bacteriological cure, secondary intramammary infection				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP10-24

Establishment and characterization of canine
mammary gland tumor cell lines
Sunghak Kim and Seoyoung Park
Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
Mammary gland tumor is the most common spontaneous tumor in intact female dogs, and its poor prognosis
remains a clinical challenge. The aim of this study is to establish new canine mammary cancer cell lines, MGTs,
from canine primary mammary gland tumors, and to elucidate molecular mechanisms during tumorigenesis
leading to develop possible therapeutic drugs. MGT cell lines have a wide range of cell proliferation rate and a
population doubling time from 17–135 hrs. Soft agar assay showed that they formed their colonies in the agar in
the anchorage-independent manner. Interestingly, most of them lack ER and HER2, but they express high levelsof PR, which are analyzed by RNA sequencing. Furthermore, compared with MDCK cells, CDH1 expression of
MGT cell lines was significantly decreased or even absent, but Vimentin and α-SMA expression were dramaticallyincreased. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed MGT cell lines up-regulated PI3K/Akt signaling, mTOR
and other tumor-associated pathways. Based on these findings, the cytotoxicity of BYL-719, PI3K-α inhibitor(alpelisib) were tested in MGT cell lines, and the result showed that it significantly inhibited the proliferation of thecells in vitro within a certain range of concentration. Importantly, some MGT cell lines contained PIK3CA (H1047R)
mutant, which is frequently occurred in canine mammary gland tumors. In summary, these results suggested that
MGT cell lines might serve as a tool for future studies on tumor development, progression, metastasis, and therapy.

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP10-26

Anti-obesity effect study of adding freeze-driedloquat leaves powder for pets
MH Park1, HY Koo1, JH Iee1, CJ Yang2, HS Moon2, JS Jang3 and DS Kim4
1

Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research & Extension Service (Insect & Sericultural Research Institute),
Jangseong-gun, Korea, 2Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 3Korea National Open
University, Seoul, Korea, 4Farmsco Inc., Seoul, Korea
K7pmh@korea.kr

The status of raising companion animals are increasing every year and pets are considered a member of the family.
Currently, obesity in pets is a problem. Therefore, this study carried out to investigate the anti-obesity effect byfeeding freeze-dried loquat leaves powder additive feed to experimental animals (beagle). Loquat is one of thespecial crops in Jeollanam-do. The contents of the test treatment were: Con1 (normal feed, normal energy), Con2(high fat feed, energy increased by 20%), T1 (normal feed, normal energy added freeze-dried loquat leaves powder
0.25%), T2 (high fat feed, energy 20% increase added freeze-dried loquat leaves powder 0.25%), T3 (normal feed,
normal energy added freeze-dried loquat leaves powder 0.50%), T4 (high fat feed, energy 20% increase added
freeze-dried loquat leaves powder 0.50%). The weight loss was the largest in T3. T3 also showed the highest
crude fat digestibility (p < 0.05). The treatment group to which freeze-dried loquat leaves powder was added
showed lower HDL than the untreated group (p < 0.05). The addition of freeze-dried loquat leaves powder weresignificantly different by weight loss.
Keywords: anti-obesity, loquat leaves, pet				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-2Analysis of changes in the intestinal microbiota of neonatal
Hanwoo calves by the administration of probiotics
Ji-Yeong Ku, Sang-Gyu Choi, Kwang-Man Park and Jinho Park
College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
as05064@jbnu.ac.kr

In this study, the effects of probiotic administration were evaluated by comparatively evaluating changes in intestinal
microflora after administration of probiotics to normal calves and calves with diarrhea. 11 normal calves and 6 calves
with diarrhea were selected. They collected feces twice, once before administration of commercial probiotics contained
Lactobacillus acidophilus, and once after drinking probiotics for 2 weeks. Treatment of diarrheal calves was carriedout for 2–3 days in parallel with drinking probiotics. Then, alpha-diversity, beta-diversity, and taxonomic composition
analysis of microorganisms were performed. As a result of analyzing the difference in the microbial community of feces
before and after administration of probiotics in normal calves and calves with diarrhea at the phylum level, in common,
Firmicutes increased and Proteobacteria decreased compared to calves not administered with probiotics. Also, as aresult of analysis at the species level, the ratios of Enterococcus faecalis, Bacteroides fragili, and Escherichia coli weredecreased in normal calves administered with probiotics, and the ratios of Lactobacillus helveticus, bifidobacterium
onum, and Lactobacillus brevis were increased. In calves with diarrhea, the proportions of Akkermansia muciniphila,
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii group, Lactobacillus paracasei group, Lactobacillus plantarum group, and L. helveticus
group increased, and the proportions of Clostridium perfringens and E. coli decreased. In conclusion, in this study,
when probiotics were administered to both normal calves and calves with diarrhea, harmful microorganisms decreased
and useful microorganisms increased in the intestinal microflora. Therefore, we suggest that the administration ofprobiotics may be beneficial in regulating the intestinal microbiota in calves.
Keywords: Hanwoo neonatal calves, diarrhea, probiotics, control of intestinal microflora

Figure 1. Taxonomic composition analysis at the species level following species administration. Before administration of probiotics (H), Afteradministration of probiotics (HP). (A) Normal calves. (B) Calves with diarrhea.

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Animal Science Congress

PP11-4Bactericidal and virucidal efficacy of potassium
peroxymonosulfate and quaternary ammonium compound
for inactivation on various carrier surfaces
S Ruenphet and N Kunanusont
Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
rsakchai@hotmail.com

The bactericidal and virucidal efficacy of potassium peroxymonosulfate (PPMS) and quaternary ammonium
compound (QAC) against Salmonella infantis resistant to rifampicin (rif-SI) and avian influenza virus (AIV) was
evaluated for inactivation on various carrier surfaces such as stainless steel, rubber and plastic. Four concentrationsof PPMS such as recommended concentrations (1X), 0.5X, 0.25X and 0.125X could inactivate rif-SI on all carriers
within 30 sec except 0.125X on rubber extend to 1 min. However, 1X QAC was inactivated on stainless steel andplastic within 1 min and 30 sec, respectively, while on rubber it was not inactivated within 5 min. For virucidal,
1X PPMS efficacy on all carriers could be inactivated within 30 sec, 0.5X and 0.25X inactivated on rubber andplastic within 30 sec while on stainless steel it extended to 1 min, moreover, 0.125X could not inactivate AIV on
all surface carriers. These carrier models are commonly used in vehicle tyres, boots, and tracks, including animal
farm equipment, such as feeders, water pots, egg trays, chicken transport cages, etc. Therefore, the present study
confirmed that PPMS could inactivate bacteria and viruses on various carrier surfaces in the vicinity of animal
farms. Thus, PPMS ensures its use as an alternative disinfectant, especially to improve biosecurity aimed atcontrolling bacteria and viruses that contaminate in and around animal farms, slaughterhouses, or hospitals.
Keywords: bactericidal, potassium peroxymonosulfate, quaternary ammonium compound, virucidal

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-6

Characterization of bacteriocin-like substance from
Ligilactobacillus agilis C7 with anti-listerial activity
Jeong Min Yoo, Jae Seung Lee, Remilyn Mendoza and Dae-Kyung Kang
Dankook University, Seoul, Korea, Cheonan, Korea
dbwjdals0910@naver.com

Bacteriocins are bacterially produced antimicrobial peptides with narrow or broad host ranges. Many bacteriocins
are produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which have a number of applications towards the food industry.
To date, numerous LAB-derived bacteriocins have been characterized, however, the bacteriocin produced by
Ligilactobacillus agilis has not been deeply studied yet. L. agilis C7 was isolated from pig feces and was foundto produce a bacteriocin-like substance inhibiting several Listeria species such as Listeria monocytogenes, L.
innocua, L. grayi, and L. welshimeri. The anti-listerial substance from L. agilis C7 was found to be stable at hightemperature, in various solvents, and wide range of pH. Enzymatic analysis revealed that the anti-listerial substancefrom L. agilis C7 is glycoproteineous in nature. The partially purified anti-listerial substance has a molecularweight of between 5 to 10 kDa as revealed by tricine SDS-PAGE and zymogram analysis. In this study, wecharacterized a bacteriocin-like substance produced by L. agilis C7 with anti-listerial activity. Our results serve asa preliminary proof for the potential applications of this substance as bio-preservative in dairy and meat products.
Keywords: anti-listerial, Ligilactobacillus agilis, bacteriocin478

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-8

Effects of mixed effective microorganisms on growth
performance and gut microbiome in finisher pigs
ES Kim1, GB Keum1, H Doo1, J Kwak1, JH Cho1, HR Kim1, HB Kim1, YJ Kim2,
JW An2, SY Chang2, JH Cho2, S Kim3, JH Lee3 and S Kim1
1

Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea, 2Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea,
3
BRD Korea Corp., Hwasung, Korea
essol0430@gmail.com

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of Lacticaseibacillus casei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
on growth performance in finisher pigs. A total of 300 finisher pigs (36.5 ± 0.54 kg initial body weight) wererandomly allotted to 2 treatments for 70 days. Control (CON) was not treated, while the other group (EM) was
given water with mixture of effective microorganisms 3 mL/pig/day. Feces were collected randomly from 20
pigs in each group on day 0 and day 70 of the experiment. The gut microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA
gene hypervariable region (V5 to V6) sequencing data, based on Illumina MiSeq platform through QIIME2
and Microbiome Helper pipeline. The growth performance was not significantly different in both groups. At thephylum and genus level, control and EM group did not have significant microbial diversity. At the phylum level,
Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio was significantly higher in EM group (p < 0.05). At the genus level, significantly
higher succinivibrio, a glucose fermenting bacteria, producing large amounts of acetic and succinic acids, from day
70 finisher pigs than day 0 (p < 0.05), whereas the day 70 from finisher pigs had significantly lower Butyricimonas,
mainly responsible for producing butyrate, which helps reduce inflammation than day 0 (p < 0.05). This study helps
to understand the correlation between growth performance and gut microbiome, as it has been shown that mixed
effective microorganisms have less effect on gut microbiome in finisher pigs.
Keywords: swine, microbiome, growth performance, probiotics

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PP11-10The malodor reduction in pig farms
through probiotics application
M Park1, Y Shin1, JA Kim1, HJ Jang1, DH Kim1,2 and Y Kim1
1

Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup, Korea,
2
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
ebebe12@cialm.or.kr

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of malodor reduction by applying commercial probiotics such as a feed
supplement, a sludgy-applicable product, and an environment-applicable product in swine farms. The microbial
products used in this study were mainly composed of Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Yeast, and Clostridium. In thisstudy, five pig farms breeding an average of 3,000 pigs were selected. Among them, the no applied condition andthe solely feed-supplement-applied condition applied two farms for 30 weeks. And the solely feed supplement
and the combined condition (the feed supplement + the sludgy-applicable product + the environment-applicableproduct) applied to three farms for 30 weeks. When the specified malodor substances such as ammonia, hydrogensulfide, acetate, propionate, and butyrate were measured, ammonia reduced in the solely feed-supplement-applied
condition and the combined condition compared to the no applied condition. In addition, malodor intensity andunpleasantness in the sensory evaluation test (Dilution to threshold ratio) decreased in the combined condition.
Therefore, we suggested that probiotics can reduce ammonia and probiotics application under the combined
condition can be more effective in attenuating malodorous sensing.
Keywords: malodor, probiotics, swine, dilution to threshold ratio

480

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-12Phylogenetic and molecular characteristics of Escherichia
coli from diarrheic weaned piglets and human
Kyung-Hyo Do1, Kwang Won Seo2, Su-Jin Choe1 and Wan-Kyu Lee1
1

Department of Veterinary Bacteriology and Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine,
Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea, 2Korea Zoonosis ResearchInstitute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54531, Korea
pollic@chungbuk.ac.kr

In this study we aimed to compare antimicrobial resistance, O-serogroups, virulence genes, and multi-locus
sequence type of Escherichia coli between isolates from humans suffering from diarrhea, and the most prevalent
pathogenic Escherichia coli strain from diarrheic weaned piglets in Korea. We tested 64 and 50 Escherichia coli
strains from diarrheic weaned piglets and humans suffering from diarrhea for antimicrobial susceptibility test,
virulence genes, O-serogroups, and multi-locus sequence typing. We confirmed that isolates from swine showedsignificantly higher resistance than from those from humans, especially to fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin: 37.5%
and 10.0%; norfloxacin: 29.7% and 8.0%, respectively). Stx1 (23 isolates, 46.0%) was most frequently detected inpatients followed by stx2 (19 isolates, 38.0%). There was no significant difference in stx2 (piglets: 23.4%, humans:
38.0%). In isolates from patients, O157 (12.0%) was the most prevalent O-serogroup, and two isolates (3.1%) frompigs were confirmed to have O157. Additionally, sequence type (ST) 10 (piglets: 6 isolates, humans: 2 isolates) andST 88 (piglets: 2 isolates, humans: 1 isolate) were simultaneously detected. We confirmed that isolates from both
piglets and humans had similar virulence traits and they were phylogenetically similar. Moreover, antimicrobial
resistance was significantly higher in piglets than in humans. These results suggest that there are risks for crosstransfer of antimicrobial resistance between pigs and humans.
Keywords: swine, humans, virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-14

The functional study on host-specific probiotics andpostbiotics in companion animals
Y Kim1, M Park1, Y Shin1, DH Kim1,2 and HJ Jang1
1

Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup, Korea,
2
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
yangseon@cialm.or.kr

Probiotics define as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on
the host. However, the potential influence of non-viable probiotics and their byproducts on the host has been little
known. In this study, we isolated 22 beneficial bacteria species (100 strains) and isolated 15 beneficial bacteria
species (92 strains) from cat and dog feces. Among them, 12 strains were selected and probiotic characteristics
such as acid tolerance, bile tolerance, intestinal cell adhesion, antibiotic resistance, and antibacterial activity were
evaluated for them. Additionally, three species including Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium pullorum, andBifidobacterium saeculare of the isolated bacteria were present in both cats and dogs. From Enterococcus faecium
species, 19 and 4 Enterococcus faecium strains were selected in cats and dogs, respectively. Subsequently, probiotic
and postbiotic activities for the 23 Enterococcus faecium strains were tested in feline and canine macrophages.
This study contributes to understanding host-specific pro/postbiotic effects in cats and dogs.
Keywords: cat, dog, probiotics, postbiotics, host specificity

482

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Animal Science Congress

PP11-16

The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance on
Clostridium perfringens isolated from piglets andgrower-finisher pigs in Korea
Su-Jin Choe1, Kyung-Hyo Do1, Kwang Won Seo2 and Wan-Kyu Lee1
1

Department of Veterinary Bacteriology and Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine,
Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea, 2Korea Zoonosis ResearchInstitute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54531, Korea
cdh5032@chungbuk.ac.kr

Antimicrobials have played a significant role in the prevention and treatment of clostridial infection in the pig
industry. The objectives of this study were to analyze the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Clostridium(C.) perfringens from Korean swine farms. Among the total 45 strains of C. perfringens were isolated from the
Korean swine farms; 21 from piglets and 24 from grower-finisher pigs. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC)of 15 antimicrobial agents (ampicillin/sulbactam, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefotetan, penicillin, imipenem,
meropenem, clindamycin, cefoxitin, metronidazole, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, piperacillin, tetracycline,
mezlocillin, and piperacillin/tazobactam) were analyzed using micro-broth dilution method according to
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidance. We confirmed that no isolates were resistant to cefoxitin,
metronidazole. Interestingly, we found that isolates from piglets showed lower resistance than from grower-finisher
pigs. All resistance to 15 tested antimicrobial agents were higher in isolates from grower-finisher pigs than piglets
except for cefoxitin, metronidazole which showed no resistant isolates. Especially, resistance to clindamycin (piglets:
71.4%, grower-finisher pigs: 87.5%) and cefotetan (piglets: 42.9%, grower-finisher pigs: 58.3%) were higher ingrower-finisher pigs than piglets. The MIC50 was lowest in imipenem, meropenem, amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid (1μg/mL) followed by ampicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam (4 μg/mL). Also, we found that the penicillin
showed lowest MIC (8 μg/mL). These data could be useful for designing treatment strategies for pigs infected by C.
perfringens and can be used in future studies on antimicrobial resistance in Korea.
Keyword: Clostridium perfringens, piglets, grower-finisher pigs, antimicrobial resistance				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-18

Fecal metagenomic comparison and related pathway
under heat stress in layer chicken
JE Park1, HN Kim1, HR Kim2, HH Chai1, MJ Jang1 and WC Park1
1

Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA,
Wanju 55365, Korea, 2Division of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, National Institute of Animal
Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea
jepark0105@korea.kr, hanakim0307@gmail.com

The climate change with high-temperature affects to growing and products in livestock industry. Most studies werefocused on host animals. However little information is known about microbial composition in feces under hightemperature. In this study, we performaed 16S rRNA-sequencing and differential abundance analysis to understandmicrobial change under heat stress. In animal experiments, 26-weeks old Roman Brown chickens were used for
4-weeks and divided groups according to THI (Temperature–Humidity Index) into 7 animals each in normal (21℃
and humidity 35%, THI 68) and severe (33℃ and humidity 90%, THI 90-) respectively. We obtained total 14 fecal
samples from each animals, these were used to 16S rRNA-sequencing. Raw reads files were generated for postanalysis with QIIME v1.9. Then, operational taxonomic unit was identified through Taxonomic assignment using
NCBI 16S rRNA database. For differential abundance analysis, LEfSe was performed with LDA > 2.0 in phylum
and genus level, and PICRUSt2 was performed for functional analysis with p < 0.05. In results, 83 differentiallyabundant microorganisms were identified between two groups. Gleimia and Fusobacterium genus were highly
enriched in normal and Shigella and Lactobacillus were abundant in severe. Enriched 54 pathways were consistedof β-(1,4)-mannan degradation and adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis II in normal, TCA cycle VII and superpathwayof purine deoxyribonucleosides degradation in severe. In conclusion, some fecal microbial community in layer
chicken was changed, which affects in synthesis of mannan enzymes and adenosylcobalamin, energy generation
and using purine by heat stress. Also, these micorbes can be utilized as biomarker for heat stress.
Keywords: fecal metagenome, 16S rRNA-sequencing, heat stress, layer chicken484

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Animal Science Congress

PP11-20

Effects of dietary supplementation of live bacteria isolated
from fast-growing pigs in weaning pigs
DY Jeon, SW Park, HJ Chung, SJ Sa and YH Choi
Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea
jeondayeon@korea.kr

After weaning, piglets face health and environmental challenges. Such challenges could extensively influence
growth performance during weaning period. This has led to research on the weaning pigs to investigate the effects
of dietary supplementations of live bacteria which are isolated from the feces of fast-growing pigs. Age 28 days,
in total 40 female Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc weaning pigs were used for 14 days. The treatments included
Lactobacillus pentosus (LP), Lactobacillus petauri cell lysate (LPC), β-galactosidase (BG) on growth performance,
diarrhea score, intestinal morphology, and volatile fatty acids (VFA) contained in cecum and feces of weaned
piglets. The dietary supplementations were mixed in feed twice per week, 10 mL per pig. The body weight gain
(BWG) and average daily gain (ADG) are increased in the LP group compared to the control group (p < 0.05), andthe diarrhea score is decreased in overall treatment groups during the whole experiment period (p < 0.05). Cryptdepth was not changed but villus height was increased for all treatment groups (p < 0.05). In cecum and feces,
acetic acid and butyric acid among VFA were increased for all treatment groups (p < 0.001). These results suggestthat dietary supplementations made of live bacteria isolated from fast-growing pigs had positive effects on growthin weaning pigs by improving digestibility and intestinal environment.
Keywords: weaning pigs, bacteria, supplementation, growth, intestinal environment				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP11-22

African swine fever status in Vietnam during
2019–2021 period
Van Phan Le1, Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh2 and Van Tam Nguyen2
1

Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2Vettech Joint Stock Company
Letranphan@gmail.com

African swine fever (ASF) is one of the deadliest swine diseases in history and is caused by African swine fever
virus (ASFV). From Feb 12th, 2019 to Jul 8th, 2021, we performed field surveillance, and to identify potential
genetic variations among ASFV strains circulating in Vietnam, we collected 148 ASFV samples from infected
pigs in multiple provinces in the northern, central, and southern parts of the country. Genetic characterization was
performed on the B646L (p72) gene, complete E183L (p54) gene, partial EP402R (CD2v) gene, central variable
region (CVR) of partial B602L gene, and intergenic region (IGR) between I73R and I329L genes. All the samples
belonged to the genotype II (B646L and E183L genes), serotype VIII (EP402R gene), and CVR variant type I.
For further sub-genotyping of the ASFV strains of the same genotype, a previous study focused on the IGR and
its genetic changes with four variants named IGR I, IGR II, IGR III, and IGR IV. Based on the IGR, the results
showed that the IGR II variant is still the most prevalent with the following of IGR III, IGR I. Our study provides
the overlook of molecular characterization of Vietnamese ASFV field strains.
Keywords: African swine fever, African swine fever virus, epidemiology, molecular characterization

486

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-24

Molecular characterization of gut microbiome in weaning
pigs supplemented with multi-strain probiotics using
metagenomic, culturomic, and metabolomic approaches
WJ Lee, DY Mun, HJ Choi, AN Kang, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi,
D Lee, JB Lee, SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
tjrhrwnd@snu.ac.kr

The gut microbiome plays an important role in many physiological processes including nutrition, immunity,
metabolism, brain functions and behavior. Recent research has demonstrated that alterations in the gut microbiome
have consequences beyond gastrointestinal health. Notably, probiotic treatment may be beneficial for modulatingand enhancing the fatty acid content of pig meat and reducing cholesterol levels. In prior research, we discoveredthat feeding mixed probiotics affected shear force, ash, salinity, pH, PUFA, and some amino acids relevant to flavor
and taste, but had no negative impact on carcass traits. In this study, the feeding of multi-strain probiotics (MSP)
affected the microbial composition of the gut microbiota in weaned pigs, as revealed by metagenomic analysis,
with Lactobacillus increasing and Clostridium decreasing, with similar results to the culturomic approach. In
addition, metabolomic analysis demonstrated an increase in amino acids, including valine and proline, as well as
an increase in the concentration of acetic acid when MSP was administered. According to correlation analyses,
these alterations are significant in energy-synthesizing metabolisms, such as branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)
metabolism and coenzyme A biosynthesis. Therefore, the administration of MSP to piglets modifies the gut
microbiota composition as well as several physiological energy metabolism activities and contributes to the meat's
quality and flavor.
Keywords: multi-omics, gut microbiome, multi-strain probiotics, metabolite				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

487

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-26

Enhanced biohydrogen production of probiotic Escherichia
coli strain Nissle 1917 by adding activated carbon and genemanipulation by CRISPR/Cas9
JK Park, MG Kang, AN Kang, DY Mun, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, YB Choi,
D Lee, JB Lee, SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
water1028@snu.ac.kr

Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 extensively employed as probiotics and has a positive effect on various
health claims. Importantly, E. coli is one of the biohydrogen-producing bacteria, it is assumed that the hydrogenproduction capacity is one of the effects as probiotics of Nissle 1917. Based on the assumption, research was
conducted to improve the biohydrogen production capacity of Nissle 1917. E. coli MG1655 was used as a control
group to compare the biohydrogen production according to the treatment of various supplement. When activatedcarbon that known to be harmless even when consumed by livestock was treated, production of biohydrogenwere induced by 1.5 times. Adding VFAs including acetate, butyrate, lactate, and propionate in the rumen fluids,
slight improvement of hydrogen production were detected compared with control in all treatments. Interestingly
significant high hydrogen was produced in lactate groups. When measuring the hydrogen production amount ofNissle 1917, about 3.5 times more hydrogen was obtained than that of MG1655. When 5 g/L of activated carbon
was treated as a supplement to increase hydrogen production, it was confirmed that the production of hydrogen
1.4 times more than that of control. Next, the differential expressed genes in the treatment of activated carbon
were identified by qRT-PCR. And, we evaluated on the targeted genes in E. coli with the most enhanced hydrogenproduction through genetic manipulation using CRISPR/Cas9. Taken together, our finding suggested on the new
direction of probiotics for biohydrogen production.
Keywords: E. coli Nissle 1917, activated carbon, biohydrogen, CRISPR/Cas9488l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-28

Development of health functional microbial products forcats using cat-derived probiotic strains
YM Hwang, DW Kim, YB Pack, SY Jung and SH LeeWOOGENE B&G CO.,LTD., Hwaseong-si, Korea
hy0841@woogenebng.com

Probiotics play an important role in improving performance, mitigating diseases due to their ability to maintain thebalance of gastrointestinal microbes and resistance to pathogenic bacteria. Among the 78 strains isolated from cat
feces, 6 bacteria were selected, and two excellent strains were selected based on acid resistance and bile resistance,
intestinal adhesion ability, pathogenic bacteria suppression ability, and antibiotic resistance. As a result of 16s
rRNA gene sequencing, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CACC612 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CACC789
were identified, respectively. Both strains had inhibitory activity against Salmonella enteritidis NCCP14546 andSalmonella typhimurium NCCP10328, and showed excellent intestinal fixation ability. In addition, as a result of
evaluation of immune cell line activity using the feline immune cell line FCWf-4, LGG did not show a significant
Fcwf-4 cell activation effect compared to the control, but CACC612 and CACC789 were 16.37% and 15.23%.
Changes in the intestinal microbiome were analyzed using fecal samples before and after clinical trials of cats fed
with the control group and three group useful microorganisms. As a result, it was found that the diversity of the
microbiome increased after probiotic treatment. A high yield was secured by establishing a mass culture processsystem, and formulation was completed based on palatability, stability, and market preference. In addition, standard
tests were conducted to confirm the safety (skin irritation, acute oral toxicity) of the finished product. Conclusively,
these results could provide comprehensive understanding of the effects of probiotic strains (CACC612, CACC789)
and their industrial applications.
Keywords: probiotics, cat, microbiome, health				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

489

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-30

Validation of baird parker agar on identification for
Staphylococcus aureus from mastitis
Tata Laorat1, Srithanasuwan Anyaphat1,2, Intanon Montira1,3
and Suriyasathaporn Witaya1,41Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Healthand Production, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2Ph.D. Program in Veterinary
Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,
3
Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang
Mai, Thailand, 4Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai
University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
anyaphat.sw@gmail.com

Staphylococcus aureus caused the mastitis outbreak in many farms due to its contagious characteristics. Bacterial
identification is an important process to control this pathogen. However, coagulase test, a biochemical test for
identifying S. aureus, is imported from oversea and expensive in Thailand. Baird parker agar (BPA), a specificmedia for identification of S. aureus, is cheap and can result within 24 hr. The objective was to determine thevalidation of BPA on identification of Staphylococcus aureus. Eight ATCC S. aureus, and 38 field MALDI-ToF
MS-confirmed isolates stored at Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CMU, including S. aureus (n = 7), S. chromogenes(n = 17), S. epidermidis (n = 6), S. xylosus (n = 7) and S. hominis (n = 1). Two methods were performed, including
a coagulase test, Hardy Diagnostic®, and culture in BPA. Positive opaque zone in BPA was identified as S. aureus.
Sensitivity (SV) and specificity (SP) were calculated in comparison between S. aureus and Coagulase negative
staphylococci (CNS). Results show that coagulase tests gave the perfect result for S. aureus identification, SV =100% and SP = 100%. Thirteen out of 14 isolates, SV = 92.9%, were identified as true positive S. aureus using BPA,
while 4 out of 7 from S. xylosus and all from others CNS were identified as true negative with SP = 90.3%. The
positive and negative predictive values of BPA on S. aureus were 81.3% and 96.6%, respectively. In conclusion,
low price, and high SV and SP of BPA is acceptable for S. aureus identification in mastitis control program,
however, a few false positive from S. xylosus must be concerned.
Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, bovine mastitis, coagulase negative staphylococci490

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-32

Characterization and comparison of the vaginal microbiota
between Hanwoo and Holstein breeds
YH Nam1, GE Kang1, DE Kwon1, JH Choi2 and JN Kim1
1

Dongseo University, Busan, Korea, 2Korea National University ofAgriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea
yorker20@gdsu.dongseo.ac.kr

The effect of the vaginal microbes of economic animals on the health of livestock as well as productivity is verylarge. In particular, it is very important to study the vaginal microbiome because calves of breeding cattle withunhealthy vaginal microflora are affected by early fetal health. The purpose of this study is to understand thedifference between the two species with high economic efficiency by comparing and comparing the differences
between the species of microorganisms in the vagina of Hanwoo and Holsteins using NGS and culture methods.
The results of comparing the vaginal microorganisms of 8 Hanwoo and 7 Holstein heifers showed slight differences
between the two species. In both species, Firmicutes and Bacteriodetes were predominant at the phylum level.
Even at the Genus level, Ruminococcaceae was found to be dominant in both species. However, lactobacilli were
not identified in both species by traditional cultural methods. In the past, it was expected that many Lactobacillus
and Bifidobacteria would be identified in healthy species, but no major bacteria were identified in both species. In
conclusion, the vaginal microorganisms of Hanwoo and Holstein heifers are found to contain a large number ofdifferent types of microorganisms more than lactic acid bacteria, which are known as beneficial microorganisms.
Keywords: 16S metagenomics, vaginal microbiota, bovine, Lactobacillus				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

491

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-34

Metagenomic analysis revealed beneficial effects of canine
multi-strain probiotics in gut microbiota
JH Baek1, SH Lee2 and DH Shin1
1

Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Woogene B&G, Hwaseong, Korea
sdh1214@gmail.com

Probiotics can modulate the composition of gut microbiota and benefit the host animal health in multiple ways.
Mainly Lactobacillus species, are well-known microbes with probiotic potential. It affects to host’s condition,
especially gut balance. We could find that Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus reuteri have shown
diverse beneficial effects in previous studies like diarrhea and constipation. So we isolated novel two probiotics
strains (Lactobacillus reuteri C1, Lactobacillus acidophilus C5) from dogs which of functionality has been
confirmed and characterized genomic feature using whole genome sequencing in our previous studies. Before
commercialization, in order to confirm the functionality of the strain in vivo, we observed experimental mouseintestinal metagenome change according to multi-strain probiotics with the passage of time (week-1 and week-4)
using 16s rRNA sequencing. Through this study, we identified that alpha diversity index of probiotics treatmentgroup at week-4 showed more diverse and richness than at week-1 and there was no such significant increase
between the control group at week-1 and week-4. Also, we found that Porphyromonadaceae and Rikenellaceae infamily level, Desulfovibrio, Anaerotruncus, Clostridium, AF12 and Parabacteroides in genus level had significantly
different abundant in probiotics treatment group at week-1 and week-4. Additionally, we construct microorganisms
interaction networks to compare probiotics treatment group at week-4 to week-1 and it was confirmed that the hub
microorganisms were different between the two networks. The findings of this study can contribute to identify thefunctionality of multi-strain probiotics, which may have potential for use in industrial fields related to dogs.
Keywords: dog, probiotics, metagenomics, microorganism

492

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Asian-Australasian Association ofAnimal Production

August 25
Plenary Session

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PS7

Animal Production Division

Aug. 25, 08:30-10:10 / Tamna A (5F)

Chair. Sang-Kee Kang (Seoul National University, Korea)
PS7-1
08:30-09:20
PS7-2
09:20-10:10

PS8

The limits to sustainable beef cattle production
LO Tedeschi
Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA
Immunosecurity to enhance health status of domestic animals
Cheol-Heui Yun1,2
1
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea, 2Institute of Green-Bio Scienceand Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea

Animal Biotechnology Division

Aug. 25, 08:30-10:10 / Halla (3F)

Chair. Younghoon Kim (Seoul National University, Korea)
PS8-1
08:30-09:20
PS8-2
09:20-10:10

494

Multi-omics approaches to characterize animal probiotics
Dae-Kyung Kang
Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
 pplication of multi-omics on animal scienceA
Ming-Ju Chen
Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taiwan

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PS7

PS7-1

Animal Production Division

The limits to sustainable beef cattle production
LO Tedeschi
Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA
luis.tedeschi@tamu.edu

Insofar, the world food production has not followed Malthusian theorists’ prognostic that foodproduction would not keep up with human population growth, resulting in disease, famine,
and war, causing a possible demise of humankind. However, the competing goals between
rearing beef cattle sustainably and the increasing demand for red meat have created difficulties
for scientists and ranchers. In the last 50 years, genetic improvement, advancements inanimal management, better diet formulation and feeding strategies, and meat fabricationand processing technology have increased beef production while the US beef cattle herd
has shrunk. In the US, the cattle population peaked in 1975 with 132 million animals (beefand dairy cows, bulls, calves, heifers, and steers), but it has decreased to a lower plateau,
just under 100 million animals. Beef production has increased by 37.76 million kg per year
since 1975, confirming that technological innovations for cattle production have kept up
with increased demand for beef. During the last 44 years (1975 to 2019), the per capita
boneless beef consumption has decreased by over 33% (37.7 to 25.1 kg/year). However, theUS population has increased by over 52% (215.9 to 328.5 million), while the boneless beef
availability has increased by only 1.25%. Unfortunately, not all countries have met their
population’s demand for red meat, resulting in insecure production in specific world locations
and at certain times. The question became how much more and how long can the US beef
cattle herd shrink and yet meet the demand for red meat sustainably?
Keywords: ruminant nutrition, modeling, simulation, sustainability				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

495

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PS7-2

Immunosecurity to enhance health status ofdomestic animals
Cheol-Heui Yun1,2
1

Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea, 2Institute of Green-Bio Scienceand Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
cyun@snu.ac.kr

Animal industry has been in trouble with issues involving disease outbreak, international trade
restrictions based on their policies and regulations, domestic animals’ welfare, and reginal
economic and cultural demanding. The global population continuously increases, expecting
7.7 billion currently to 9.7 billion by 2050, where we will likely be seeing a high demand foranimal-derived proteins over time. Needless to say, the world is under the great pressure andwill be facing various imitations and challenges including climate issue (i.e., global warming
and carbon reduction), banning on the use of antibiotics as a feed additive, disease outbreak of
domestic animals (African swine fever, avian influenza, foot-and-mouse disease, for instance).
Obviously, current animal farming is under various stressful conditions with unbalanced
nutritional factors, environmental factors, biological factors and/or physical factors. Whileimmune system in domestic animals could link to the all those factors, what we know about
their relationship is not entirely satisfactory.
Domestic animal immunology coined with gut health, microbiota and metabolites, protective
immune responses, relationship between systemic and mucosal immunity, and immune
memory response has become critical where we could solve a long array of cumbersome
tasks such as providing suitable vaccines/adjuvants, antibiotic replacements, and feed additive
immunomodulants and. In this talk, I will attempt to answer the aforementioned questions andto provide a direction for the future of the farm animal science and biotechnology.
Keywords: immunomodulatory, immunosecurity, mucosal immunity, protective immune responses

496

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PS8

PS8-1

Animal Biotechnology Division

Multi-omics approaches to characterize
animal probiotics
Dae-Kyung Kang
Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
dkkang@dankook.ac.kr

Probiotics are widely applied from animal production to the processing of animal products.
Due to their beneficial effect on animals’ health and growth performance, probiotics areoften used in animal feeds. However, their probiotic effects often show inconsistency in vivo
trials, owing to many factors, such as environmental conditions, host factors, and so on. To
decrease this inconsistency, more elaborated and systematic characterization of probiotics
are also needed. Recently, the evolution of high-throughput platforms and the developmentof various bioinformatics tools have enhanced our understanding of probiotic properties.
Here, Limosilactobacillus mucosae (formerly Lactobacillus mucosae) was used as a model
microorganism to characterize its probiotic properties by multi-omics approaches. L. mucosae
LM1 strain, which was originally isolated from piglet intestine, has various probiotic traits,
such as high adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells, inhibition of enteropathogens, and so on.
Furthermore, its high aggregation, mucus adhesion ability, and ability to inhibit the adhesionof E. coli and Salmonella Typhimurium provide further interest in the probiotic ability of thisstrain. Genomic studies in tandem with proteomic and expression studies have revealed its
various probiotic properties. Fecal microbiome analysis showed that LM1 administration into
pigs resulted in a significant increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria. The applicationof omics methods and integration of multiple omics data into probiotic characterization can
provide us valuable insights into the comprehensive understanding of probiotic mechanisms
for animals and humans as well.
Keywords: probiotics, multi-omics

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l497

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PS8-2

Application of multi-omics on animal science
Ming-Ju Chen
Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
cmj@ntu.edu.tw

Recently, there has been an extraordinary development of high-throughput omics technologies
such as genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics across all
facets of biology. This has led the progress of the systematic analysis in life science, including
applications on animal production and health traits. Different omic technologies judged on
their own merit are appropriate for the identification of disease-causing genes, biomarkers anddrugs for disease prognosis/diagnosis/prevention/treatment, and for individualized genomic
predictions of performance or disease risks. Additionally, integration and analyses of multiomic data are also very powerful and accurate to understand the systems biology of healthyand sustainable production of animals. The present talk will highlight the current studies infarm and companion animal using genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics
to identify the biomarkers concerning in animal health and disease, and further investigate
the possible mechanism for further developing the potential next generation probiotics.
Additionally, application of omics on traditional dairy products to explore the health benefits/
microorganism cross talk and the challenges involving in multi-omic data integration andmodelling and systems-level analyses will be also addressed.

498

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Asian-Australasian Association ofAnimal Production

August 25
Invited Session

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS7

Poultry Nutrition

Aug. 25, 14:40-16:10 / Halla (3F)

Chair. Ji-hyuk Kim (Kongju National University, Korea)
IS7-1
14:40-15:25
IS7-2
15:25-16:10

IS8

Functional amino acids and coccidiosis in poultry
Woo Kyun Kim
Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
The feed additives, and interactions with broiler chickens
JM HeoChungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

Animal Behavior and Welfare

Aug. 25, 14:40-16:10 / Samda A (3F)

Chair. Jinhyeon Yun (Chonnam National University, Korea)
IS8-1
14:40-15:25

IS8-2
15:25-16:10

500

Systematic recording of animal behaviour using PLF technologies to monitor
animal welfare
Pol Llonch
Department of Animal and Feed Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola delVallès, Spain
 nimal behaviour as an indicator of animal welfareA
Shigeru Ninomiya
Gifu University, Gifu, Japanl Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

IS9

Forage Science

Aug. 25, 14:40-16:10 / Samda B (3F)

Chair. Jong Geun Kim (Seoul National University, Korea)
IS9-1
14:40-15:25
IS9-2
15:25-16:10

IS10

Sustainable intensification and diversification in forage-livestock systems
DH MinDepartment of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA orage quality analysis as a marketing tool in the USF
KJ HanLouisiana State University Agricultural Center, School of Plant, Environmental & Soil Sciences,
Baton Rouge, LA 70820, USA

Animal Genetics

Aug. 25, 14:40-16:10 / Rm. 303

Chair. Seung Hwan Lee (Chungnam National University, Korea)
IS10-1
14:40-15:25

IS10-2
15:25-16:10

Improvement of resilience to infectious disease in livestock using antimicrobial
peptides and MHC genetics
C ParkDepartment of of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
 novel hyper-parameter for a single-step genetic evaluationA
M Neshat1,2,3, S Lee4, MM Md. Momin1,2,3,5, B Truong1,6,7,8, JHJ van der Werf9and SH Lee1,2,3
1Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute,
University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia , 2UniSA Allied Health and Human
Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia, 3South Australian
Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA,
5000, Australia, 4Division of Animal Breeding and Genetics, National Institute of Animal Science(NIAS), Korea, 5Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Khulshi, Chattogram, 4225,
Bangladesh, 6Cardiovascular Research Centre, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,
USA, 7Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,
8
Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad
Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA,
9
School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW,
Australia				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

501

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS11

Animal HealthAug. 25, 14:40-16:10 / Rm. 401

Chair. Myunggi Baik (Seoul National University, Korea)
IS11-1
14:40-15:25
IS11-2
15:25-16:10

IS12

Maternal nutrition on offspring growth and development
H Han
California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA, USA nimal host-microbe interaction: dynamic changes of immunity and microbiome inAdomestic animals by extrinsic factors
M Kim
Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National
University, Miryang 50463, Korea

Animal Microbiology

Aug. 25, 14:40-16:10 / Rm. 402

Chair. Eun Bae Kim (Kangwon National University, Korea)
IS12-1
14:40-15:25
IS12-2
15:25-16:10

502

Effect of microbiota-modulating agents on anaerobic digestion
T MaedaKyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan ecoding gut microbiome-host interactions in animal science using culturomic andD
metagenomic approaches
Younghoon Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul
National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

IS7

IS7-1

Poultry Nutrition

Functional amino acids and coccidiosis in poultry
Woo Kyun Kim
Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
wkkim@uga.edu

Coccidiosis is the most common parasitic disease caused by Eimeria spp., leading over $14
billion economic loss worldwide annually. The most prevalent Eimeria spp. in poultry include
E. tenella, E. maxima, E. acervulina, E. brunetti, E. necatrix, E. praecox and E. mitis andhave different level of pathogenicity and specific infection sites in the intestine. Eimeria
spp. invade intestinal epithelial tissues and induce intestinal damage, causing inflammation,oxidative stress, hemorrhage, and diarrhea. Furthermore, coccidiosis causes reduction of
growth performance, intestinal integrity, nutrient digestibility, and increase of mortality andmobility in poultry.
Nutrition strategies have been evaluated to mitigate detrimental impact of coccidiosis inpoultry. Certain amino acids have unique functions to reduce severity of intestinal damage
and stimulate nutrient digestion and fast recovery of the intestinal damage and growth
performance poultry. Thus, precise determination of nutrient digestibility and requirements/
functions of key amino acids under coccidiosis are essential to develop nutritional strategies toimprove growth performance and alleviate negative effects of Eimeria infection in poultry. In
my presentation, I will talk about 1) Eimeria infection on gut health; 2) Eimeria infection on
nutrient digestibility; and 3) Roles of functional amino acids in Eimeria challenged broilers.
Keywords: functional amino acids, coccidiosis, oxidative stress, gut health				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

503

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS7-2

The feed additives, and interactions withbroiler chickens
JM HeoChungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
jmheo@cnu.ac.kr

It has been aged that feed producers and nutritionists together with researchers are searchingfor cost-effective alternative feed ingredients for the poultry industry. However, existinganti-nutritional factors in those alternative feed ingredients would be unlikely for its full
replacement to corn and soybean in poultry diets. Overcoming these limitations, feeding
exogenous enzymes to poultry is the one major nutritional advancement during the lastfew decades. Nowadays, the feed industry accepts enzymes as a standard diet constituent
for broilers and layers. Moreover, understanding the basic mechanisms of enzymes and thestructure of substrates leads to increased utilization in the feed industry. A basic understandingof the feed enzymes that benefit nutrient digestibility and growth performance may result
from reducing digesta viscosity, releasing the bound phosphorus from phytate hydrolysis,
and increasing the nutrient availability by opening the encapsulated nutrients by disrupting
the cell wall. Nonetheless, the questions are yet partially answered in enzyme technology.
Collectively, the effectiveness of exogenous enzymes on broiler production and undergoingmechanisms are still a mystery and little is known. With this in mind, we are going to review
a couple of recent studies and address if the enzymes are meaningful to broiler chickens.
Keywords: broiler, enzymes, growth performance, nutrient digestibility

504

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

IS8

IS8-1

Animal Behavior and Welfare

Systematic recording of animal behaviour using
PLF technologies to monitor animal welfare
Pol Llonch
Department of Animal and Feed Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,
Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
Pol.Llonch@uab.cat

An objective assessment of animal welfare is crucial for its improvement. Traditional methodsof welfare assessment have been based on protocols that use animal and environmental-based
indicators. Welfare assessment protocols have some restrictions though, including a limited
timeframe, risk of subjectivity, or the impossibility to predict welfare problems. Precision
livestock farming (PLF) has emerged as a revolutionary tool to monitor farm animals andimprove their welfare and husbandry. Sensor technologies are capable of monitoring a
growing list of phenotypical variables such as animal behaviour (e.g. activity), physiologicalresponse (e.g. body temperature), health status (e.g. somatic cell count to detect mastitis) andproductivity (e.g. growth).
PLF sensors provide continuous data, which can be used to inform on the severity and extent
of existing welfare problems in an objective manner, based on deviations of normal patterns ofanimal behaviour. PLF is able to monitor the welfare status at an individual level, facilitating
individualized strategies to improve animal welfare. Furthermore, PLF data sometimes allow
to anticipate welfare issues (i.e. early warning signals), so that preventative measures can be
implemented. Far from being a perfect solution, there are still challenges that require further
work before PLF technology can be widely used to assess animal welfare. Little evidence isavailable on how data from sensors should be integrated to inform about all welfare domains(nutrition, health, comfort and behaviour). Importantly, most -if not all- PLF technologies
are potentially useful to identify negative welfare states but have failed so far to provide
information on positive welfare.

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

505

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS8-2

Animal behaviour as an indicatorof animal welfare
Shigeru Ninomiya
Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
Nino38@gifu-u.ac.jp

Efforts related to animal welfare in livestock farming are increasing. For example, guideline
creation, legislation, certification of farmers and livestock products, etc. require the objective
assessment of animal welfare. Animal behaviour is one of the important indicators of animal
welfare and can be observed in a non-invasive manner. However, there are many aspectsof animal behaviour that are unknown and need to be analysed from the perspective of
ethology. Further study of the behaviour of captive animals will not only enable the objective
assessment but will also lead to a better understanding of animal welfare. In this presentation,
I will discuss animal welfare and behaviour.
Keywords: animal welfare, behaviour, assessment, indicator506

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Animal Science Congress

IS9

IS9-1

Forage Science

Sustainable intensification and diversification in
forage-livestock systems
DH MinDepartment of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
dmin@ksu.edu

Rapid population growth, limited resources for humans and livestock, low agricultural
productivity, and climate change are increasing food and feed insecurity, particularly in Asianand African countries. These countries need to produce more food for humans, as well as feed
for their livestock from the existing limited resources while reducing negative environmental
impacts. Thus, an innovative approach is essential to efficiently improve agricultural andlivestock production systems that can provide social, economic and environmental benefits.
In this context, it is critical to increase the production and diversify food and feed from theavailable resources without adverse environmental impacts. This can be achieved through asustainable intensification and diversification approach. This approach includes diversificationof crops and cropping systems, development of diversified crop-based livestock ration,
improvement in feeding techniques, improvement in input use efficiency, and integrated cropforage-livestock systems. Our recent research study on the development of dual-purpose pearl
millet stalk-based ration for growing cattle in Northern Senegal found multiple benefits suchas improved cattle’s body weight gain, reduced feed cost, supplied staple food, and improved
income of Senegalese farmers. To the best of our knowledge, greater use of leguminous crops
and diversified products or uses as food and forage can improve soil health as well as foodand nutrition security for both humans and their livestock animals. This approach appears
to be a great opportunity for smallholder farmers in Asia and Africa to achieve long-termsustainability of forage-based livestock production systems to be more climate-smart andresilient under climate change.

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IS9-2

Forage quality analysis as a marketing toolin the US
KJ HanLouisiana State University Agricultural Center, School of Plant, Environmental &Soil Sciences, Baton Rouge, LA 70820, USA
Khan@agcenter.lsu.edu

Forage quality is a broad term encompassing nutrient value, intake, and digestibility offorage, reflecting potential livestock production response. Wet chemistry analysis on forage
has historically provided a partial but meaningful representation of forage quality. Total
digestible nutrient (TDN) is the most widely accepted quality indicator among forage growers
and, theoretically, should be estimated by summing all the digestible nutrients. However,this approach is not practical for each forage sample because of the laborious analysis
procedures and time. Since acid detergent fiber (ADF) and crude protein (CP) influence moresignificantly than other nutritive constituents on TDN assessment, analysis labs in commercial
or academies have adopted individually developed TDN equations. Later developed RFQ(Relative forage quality) indexes are more advanced than ADF-based TDN estimation
because of the consideration of potential forage intake and TDN in RFQ calculation.
However, the index still requires actual values of intake and fiber digestibility of each sample.
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) installed with nationally developed calibration models
provides concentrations of nutrients and fiber digestibility through a rapid and non-destructive
forage sample analysis. With the analytical support from NIRS, the assessment of the forage
quality index can be more robust than ADF-based TDN estimations. Hay is one of the major
agricultural commodities in the USA, and unbiased quality estimation is critical in supporting
the fair trade of hay. The United States Department of Agriculture provided hay quality
guidelines for alfalfa and grass hay, but it could include a broader spectrum of forage types
with more specific grading systems.
Keywords: hay, TDN, RFQ, near-infrared spectroscopy

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Animal Science Congress

IS10

IS10-1

Animal Genetics

Improvement of resilience to infectious
disease in livestock using antimicrobial
peptides and MHC genetics
C ParkDepartment of of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
chankyu@konkuk.ac.kr

Infectious diseases are major concerns responsible for poor productivity and high mortality
in livestock production. The responses of individual animals against pathogens can bevaried depending on differences in genetic makeup and environments. As a part of innate
immune system, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) show evolutionary conservation acrosslivestock animals and has been suggested to play important roles to increase resilience toinfectious disease in livestock. Artiodactyl genomes contain a larger number of AMPs thanother species, suggesting beneficial roles of these molecules to protect hosts from infectious
pathogens. We identified and performed functional characterization of several potent AMPs
from the genomes of pigs, pythons, naked mole rats, and opossums, suggesting the possible
use of AMPs in livestock industry alternative to classical antibiotics. Major histocompatibility
complex (MHC) genes are highly polymorphic and a control tower for adaptive immune
response. We have developed genomic DNA-based high-resolution typing methods for six
MHC genes of pigs (swine leukocyte antigens or SLA) and tried to understand the influenceof SLA polymorphisms to the efficiency of host immune responses. We carried out a casecontrol study on healthy and disease affected groups of pigs to assess the allelic effect of SLADQB1 and DRB1 to the piglet survivability. High-density animal production and frequent
outbreak of infectious diseases challenge the current livestock production system. Better
understanding on the immune systems of livestock animals should provide new tools toincrease the resilience of animals to infectious diseases.
Keywords: disease resilience, MHC, antimicrobial peptides, immune systems

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IS10-2

A novel hyper-parameter for asingle-step genetic evaluation
M Neshat1,2,3, S Lee4, MM Md. Momin1,2,3,5, B Truong1,6,7,8,
JHJ van der Werf9 and SH Lee1,2,3
1Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia Cancer ResearchInstitute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia , 2UniSA Allied
Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000,
Australia, 3South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI),
University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia, 4Division of Animal
Breeding and Genetics, National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), Korea, 5Departmentof Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary
and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Khulshi, Chattogram, 4225, Bangladesh,
6
Cardiovascular Research Centre, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,
7
Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,
8
Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative,
Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge,
MA, USA, 9School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England,
Armidale, NSW, Australia
Hong.Lee@unisa.edu.au

The H-matrix best linear unbiased prediction (HBLUP) has been widely used in livestock
breeding. The HBLUP method (e.g., BLUPf90) requires hyper-parameters to combine genomic
and pedigree relationships and these should be adequately optimized so that the accuracy ofgenomic prediction can be maximized. In this study, we assess the performance of HBLUP, using
various values of hyper-parameters in simulated as well as real data on Hanwoo cattle. In both
simulated and cattle data, we show that blending is not necessary. The tuning process (adjusting
genomic relationships accounting for base allele frequencies) improves prediction accuracy inthe simulated data, confirming previous studies, although the improvement is not remarkable in
the Hanwoo cattle data. Importantly, we demonstrate that a scale factor, α, which determines therelationship between allele frequency and per-allele effect size, can improve the HBLUP accuracy
in both simulated and real data. Our findings suggest that an optimal scale factor should be used in
HBLUP, in addition to blending and tuning processes.

Keywords: HBLUP, hyper-parameters, scale factor, blending, tuning510

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Animal Science Congress

IS11

IS11-1

Animal HealthMaternal nutrition on offspring
growth and development
H Han
California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA, USA
hyungchulhan@cpp.edu

Intrauterine growth is controlled by fetal, maternal, and environmental factors. Suboptimal
intrauterine environment is known to affect fetal development which influences postnatal
well-being, increases the incidence of adult diseases such as hypertension, coronary heartdisease, obesity, and diabetes later in life. The adaptation process by a growing fetus in order
to compensate for a sub-optimal developmental environment within the uterus is referred toas fetal programming. This adaptation process is related to altered glucose utilization, insulin
secretion and responsiveness may result from fetal undernutrition during development. These
compensatory measures, which may be advantageous for fetal survival and development,
might be detrimental to the offspring and contribute to the development of adult metabolic
diseases.
Maternal undernutrition induces intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and related toelevated incidences of adult disease. Maternal undernutrition leads to reduced fetal weightand blood glucose concentration and altered GH/IGF axis. However, relimentation followedby restriction does not influence birth weights of offspring. Elevated acylated ghrelin isobserved in offspring from undernourished ewes. Ghrelin mRNA is also detected in the fetus
during late gestation. Acylation of ghrelin is mediated by membrane bound O-acyltransferase
4 (Mboat4). Prolonged diet restriction during gestation elevates acylated to total ghrelin ratio.
Mboat4 protein concentration tended to be greater in fetal abomasum of offspring from ewes
with prolonged diet restriction during pregnancy. Offspring growth and development and feedintake may be partially influenced by early programming of ghrelin/mboat4.

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

IS11-2

Animal host-microbe interaction: dynamicchanges of immunity and microbiome indomestic animals by extrinsic factors
M Kim
Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science,
Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea
mhkim18@pusan.ac.kr

Efficient functioning of the metabolism and intestinal immune system depends on interactions
between the host and microbiota. Breakdown in these interactions leads to reduced ability
to respond to pathogens along with increased inflammation which together can lead topathologic inflammatory conditions. We have identified a regulatory loop whereby critical
functional changes of intestinal antigen presenting cells by the context of the microbiota,that is important for various inflammatory disease development in animals. To understandbetter in regulation of intestinal immunity, we recently developed murine and porcine gut
organoid models and demonstrated that this can be useful model to investigate the regulatory
mechanism of gut immunity by nutrients or toxins. To have better systemto understand hostmicrobe interaction, we now attempt to advance this system to mimic gut environment moreclosely. The host-microbe interaction is able to influenced by various extrinsic factors, suchas environmental change. For example, heat stress affects microbiome and immunological
functions in various manner. We have identified key immune and metabolic response asa biomarker for heat stress response in steers and dairy cows. Also, we observed ruminal
microbiome changes in animals with heat stress environment. In this lecture, I will discusscurrent research progress in our lab, including regulation of immunity and gut microbiome
by stress and dietary immune-modulator and in vitro organoid model system. Our study may
provide the potential therapeutic benefits of gut microbiota and host immune cell manipulation
with the goal of improving animal health.
Keywords: organoids, stress, immunity, microbiome, immune-modulator

512

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Animal Science Congress

IS12

IS12-1

Animal Microbiology

Effect of microbiota-modulating agents onanaerobic digestion
T MaedaKyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japantoshi.maeda@life.kyutech.ac.jp

Anaerobic digestion capable of producing methane is an important reaction to not only
generate bioenergy but also mitigate global warming linked to the ruminal fermentation. The
relationship between microbial interactions (e.g. quorum sensing) and methane production
in complex microbial systems has been fully investigated. In addition, there are several
agents by which the activity of microbiota can be altered. Therefore, in this study, the effectof microbiota-modulating agents on anaerobic digestion was focused to understand the
involvement in methane production. In this presentation, each result using the following
three compounds, fluorouracil, sodium tungstate, or sodium selenite is reported. A resultof anaerobic digestion in the presence of fluorouracil showed low methane production.
Acetoclastic methanogensis was significantly repressed by fluorouracil, suggesting that the
low methane production is due to the inactivation of methanogens. On the other hand, whensodium tungstate was mixed, the amount of methane produced increased according to theconcentration increased. The mechanism to enhance methane production was that acetoclastic
methanogens were activated by sodium tungstate. In case of sodium selenite, methane
production increased at 2 mg/L while it decreased at 100 mg/L. At high concentrations of
sodium selenite, the promotion of hydrolytic activity and the accumulation of acetate wereobserved whereas methanogenic activity was suppressed. At the low concentration of sodium
selenite, acetate was consumed. In addition, hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was activated.
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IS12-2

Decoding gut microbiome-host interactionsin animal science using culturomic andmetagenomic approaches
Younghoon Kim

Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture andLife Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Ykeys2584@snu.ac.kr

Gut microbiome are an ecological total community of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic
microorganisms in host including human and animal. Especially, animal-originatedgut microbiome changes its microbial population due to various factors such as diets,
environments and diseases and interacts with host. Recent metagenomics analysis of 16SrRNA genes using next generation sequencing (NGS) has showed that gut microbiome plays
an important role in animal. Unfortunately, most gut microbiome are considered as “UNculturable”. Therefore, culturomics as culture-based approaches are extensively needs tounderstand their characteristics, phenotypes, and interactions in gut environments. In thisstudy, we explored on the significance of animal-originated probiotics and gut microbiota
using combination of metagenomic and culturomic approaches. In the present study, wesuggested that gut microbiome have an important role for enhancing growth performanceas well as immune response, reproduction ability, and meat quality in animal. In addition,
they are enable to influence on the health functionality in companion animal. Furthermore,comprehensive metagenomic and high-throuhput culture methods could provide on the newstrategy for discovering and applying gut microbiota in animal science.
Keywords: gut microbiome, culturomics, metagenomics, host response

514

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August 25
Oral Presentaion

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP13 Non-ruminant Nutrition-3

Aug. 25, 10:30-12:00 / Halla (3F)

Chair. Jong Woong Kim (Easyholdings, Korea)
OP13-1
10:30-10:45

OP13-2
10:45-11:00

OP13-3
11:00-11:15

OP13-4
11:15-11:30

OP13-5
11:30-11:45
OP13-6
11:45-12:00

516

Micro-chromium picolinate (CrPic) is more efficacious than normal CrPic in finisher
pigsFrank R Dunshea1,2, Karen Moore3, Emayln Loudon3, Darryl D’Souza4, Robert Hewitt4 andAlex Hung1
1
Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010,
Australia, 2Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK, 3Pork Innovation
WA Inc., Viveash, WA 3056, Australia, 4SunPork Solutions, Eagle Farm, QLD 4009, Australia
Evaluation of optimal SID His:Lys ratio based on functional role of His in nurserypigs
Yi-Chi Cheng1, Hye-lim Lee2 and Sung Woo Kim1
1
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, UnitedStates, 2CJ Cheiljedang, Seoul 04560, Korea
Determination and validation of dietary phosphorus equivalency of an Escherichia
coli-derived phytase in broiler chickens
CH Kwon1, JH Kim1, DY Kim1, JH Lee1, SY Won1, HW Kim1, E Han2 and DY Kil1
1
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea, 2CJ CheilJedang, BIO ANH, Seoul, Korea
Determination and prediction of apparent metabolizable energy concentration inrice and rice milling co-products fed to broilers
RNR Reyes and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
The efficiency of raising meat-type squab by racing pigeon
Xin-Yi Lin, Jhy-Ming Li and Chean-Ping Wu
Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
Effects of plant extract supplementation in drinking water on the physico-chemical
attributes, sensory evaluation and oxidative stability of chicken meat
MA Dilawar1,2, HS Mun1,3, YH Kim4 and CJ Yang1,2
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 3Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System(BK21 plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP14 Ruminant Nutrition-3

Aug. 25, 10:30-12:00 / Samda A (3F)

Chair. Tan Sol Park (Chung-Ang University, Korea)
OP14-1
10:30-10:45

OP14-2
10:45-11:00

OP14-3
11:00-11:15

OP14-4
11:15-11:30

OP14-5
11:30-11:45

OP14-6
11:45-12:00

The effects of brittle rice straw on behavior and rumen ecology in Holstein cows
P Boonchu1, A Phonkompaeng1, A Sawasdee2, CS Wang2 and HI Chiang1
1
Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan,
2
Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
Characterize rumen fermentation characteristics, nutrient degradation, andmicroorganisms of the brittle rice straw in vitro
A Phonkompaeng1, P Boonchu1, A Sawasdee2, CS Wang2 and HI Chiang1
1
Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan,
2
Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics and in vitro gas
production in Philippine native goats (Capra hircus) fed total mixed rations
EG Talipan, CS Sevilla, FE Merca, JB Poblete and AA Angeles
University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Philippines
The effects of dietary forage and energy levels on rumen fermentation
characteristics, CH4 emission, and rumen microbiota in Hanwoo steer
HB Kim1, S Jeong2, H Cho2, K Kang2, S Jeon2, M Lee2, H Kang2, YK Lee3, S Seo2 andJK Seo11
Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National
University, Miryang, Korea, 2Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National
University, Daejeon, Korea, 3Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute ofAnimal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea
Digestibility evaluation of ration containing black soldier fly frass with fermented
cacao pod media: an in vitro approach
EL Fitriana, EB Laconi, A Jayanegara and DA Astuti
IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Severe heat stress may promote bovine adipose tissue development by alteringtranscription factors
WS Kim and JK Kim
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA				

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP15 Animal Product-2

Aug. 25, 10:30-12:00 / Samda B (3F)

Chair. Aera Jang (Kangwon National University, Korea)
OP15-2
10:30-10:45

OP15-3
10:45-11:00

OP15-411:00-11:15

OP15-5
11:15-11:30

518

Edible mycoprotein as alternative proteins in food and feed system, influences thelongevity and fat accumulation of Caenorhabditis elegans animal model
D Lee, AN Kang, WJ Lee, DY Mun, HJ Choi, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi, JB Lee,SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
PCR based rapid method for detection and identification of meat species and its
validation in meat sausages
MI Khan1, M Khan2 and A Sahar3
1National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan,
2
Rifah International University, Lahore, Pakistan, 3Department of Food Engineering,
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Evaluation of radiofrequency tempering combined with conventional thawing on
physicochemical properties and water-holding status of pork loins
C Kaewkot and FJ Tan
Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) powder as a potential phosphate
alternative by improving emulsifying capacity
DY Jung1, HJ Lee1, M Kim1, DJ Shin2 and C Jo1
1
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP16 Animal Reproduction & Physiology-3

Aug. 25, 10:30-12:00 / Rm. 303

Chair. Youngsok Choi (Konkuk University, Korea)
OP16-1
10:30-10:45

OP16-2
10:45-11:00

OP16-3
11:00-11:15

OP16-4
11:15-11:30

OP16-5
11:30-11:45

Influence of ovarian structures and pre-ovulatory follicular size on pregnancy rates
after CIDR-Synch fixed timed artificial insemination in water buffaloes
EP Atabay1, EC Atabay1,2, CF dela Cruz1 and JP Apolinario1
1
Reproduction and Physiology Section, Philippine Carabao Center, National Headquarters,
2
Philippine Carabao Center at CLSU, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, 3120 Philippines
Proteomic analysis to identify pesticide-induced molecular defects in spermatozoa
JW Bae1, JH Jo2, SI Jang2, EJ Jung1, WJ Lee1, JM Hwang1 and WS Kwon1,2
1
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
Alteration of testicular function by gut dysbiosis on male mice
M Chandanee Romesha1, AAI Adikari Dilki1, WM Dissanayake Nadeema1, SM Lee2and YJ Yi1
1Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
Cryogenic tolerance of locally processed extended boar semen commerciallymarketed for artificial insemination use in the Philippines
Lerma Ocampo and Joseph Oliver Lofranco
Department of Agriculture, Philippine Carabao Center, Research and Development Division,
Reproduction and Physiology Section, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Influences of melatonin on the developmental potential of porcine parthenotes
derived from the in vitro-maturated oocytes isolated from the small antral follicles
J Jitjumnong1 and PC Tang1,2
1
Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, 2The iEGG
and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP17 Animal Microbiology-2

Aug. 25, 10:30-12:00 / Rm. 401

Chair. Jong Nam Kim (Dongseo University, Korea)
OP17-1
10:30-10:45
OP17-2
10:45-11:00

OP17-3
11:00-11:15

OP17-4
11:15-11:30

OP17-5
11:30-11:45
OP17-6
11:45-12:00

520

Inhibition of Salmonella growth by formalin
Daorung Sila-on and Pattaraporn Poommarin
Faculty of Animal Sciences and Agricultural Technology, Silpakorn University, Thailand
Evaluation of probiotic functionality of Weizmannia coagulans with regulation ofgut microbiota using in vitro complex intestinal microbial ecosystem
HJ Choi, DY Mun, WJ Lee, AN Kang, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee,SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Latilactobacillus curvatus BYB3 isolated from Kimchi alleviates dextran sulfate
sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting IL-6 and TNF-R1 production
X Wang, D Li, Z Meng, K Kim and S Oh
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
Isolation and characterization of rumen-originated “Enbiotics” with plastic
degradation and methane mitigation
MG Kang, AN Kang, DY Mun, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, JK Park, YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee,SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Gut microbial modulation effects of sophorolipid in various animal models
Min-Jin Kwak1, Yong-Soon Choi1, Hanbae Lee2 and Kwang-Youn Whang1
1
Korea University, Seoul, Korea, 2Pathway Intermediates, Seoul, Korea
Characterization of a two-peptide bacteriocin from Enterococcus faecalis
CAUM157 in whey-based media with activity against Listeria monocytogenes andperiodontitis-causing pathogens
AG Elnar, SB Han and GB Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP18 Animal Breeding & Genetics-3

Aug. 25, 10:30-12:00 / Rm. 402

Chair. Hee-Bok Park (Kongju National University, Korea)
OP18-1
10:30-10:45

OP18-2
10:45-11:00

OP18-3
11:00-11:15

OP18-4
11:15-11:30

OP18-5
11:30-11:45

OP18-6
11:45-12:00

Sequence-based SNP detection of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2) gene in
Korean native chicken (KNC)
JP Munyaneza1, MJ Kim1, EJ Cho2, KE Thisarani2, SJ Nam1, JW Kim1 and JH Lee1,2
1Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea,
2
Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
Role of genetics in swine inflammation and necrosis syndrome
NG Leite1, EF Knol2, S Nuphaus2, R Vogelzang2 and D Lourenco1
1
University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA, 2Topigs Norsvin Research Center, Beuningen, GE,
Netherlands
Single and multi-breed ssGBLUP using preselected variants from whole-genome
sequence data in pigs
S Jang1, R Ros-Freixedes2,3, JM Hickey3, CY Chen4, W Herring4, I Misztal1 andD Lourenco1
1
University of Georgia, Athens, USA, 2University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain, 3Roslin Institute, Scotland,
UK, 4Genus PIC, Hendersonville, USA
Identification of a missense variant in MC1R gene associated with white coat colorin Taiwan buffalo based on a genome-wide association study
PJ Hsin1, YT Chen2, CS Chang3, FY Lai1, PH Chuang2 and PH Wang1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
2
Hualien Animal Propagation Station, LRI-COA, Hualien, Taiwan, 3Department of Animal Science,
Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
A profile study of exosomal miRNA from chickens infected with influenza virus
subtype H5N1JB Heo1, YJ Hong1 and AD Truong2 Jiae Lee1, Thi Hao Vu1, Sooyeon Lee1,
Ki‑Duk Song3, Hyun S. Lillehoj4 and Yeong Ho Hong1
1
Chung‑Ang University, Anseong, Korea, 2Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National
Institute of Veterinary Research, 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam, 3Department of
Animal Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju
54896, Republic of Korea, 4Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural ResearchServices, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
Exosomes derived from poly(I:C)-stimulated chicken macrophages regulate theimmune response through NF-κB signaling pathway
SY Kang1, YJ Hong1, Vu Thi Hao1, SY Lee1, JB Heo1, S Lillehoj Hyun2 and YH Hong1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea,
2
Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Services,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA				

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP19 Non-ruminant Nutrition-4

Aug. 25, 16:30-18:00 / Halla (3F)

Chair. Eileen Han (CJ Bio, Korea)
OP19-1
16:30-16:45

OP19-2
16:45-17:00

OP19-3
17:00-17:15

OP19-4
17:15-17:30

OP19-5
17:30-17:45

OP19-6
17:45-18:00

522

Artificial GIT model and in vivo study for effect of xylanase supplement in swine
diet
YT Jang1, YJ Kim1, HY Kim1, MA Park1, JM Ahn2, JO Moon1, SE Han1 and MH Song2
1
CJ Cheiljedang, Suwon, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
Postbiotic Lactobacillus fermentate modulates mucosa-associated microbiota andenhance intestinal health of nursery pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic F18+
Escherichia coli
Xiangyi Xu, Marcos E. Duarte and Sung Woo Kim
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
The supplementary effect of Moringa oleifera leaf in the drinking water on
performance, digestive organ weights, and abdominal fat of broilers in starter
phase
S Hartini, PA Sinaga, N Inriani and DD Rahardjo
Faculty of Animal Science University of Papua, Manokwari, Indonesia
The dose-response of scopoletin-rich supplement on growth performance,
antioxidant activity, and meat quality of Korean native broiler chickens
SangHun Ha1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, JunYoung Mun1, Habeeb Tajudeen1,
EunJu Cheong2 and JinSoo Kim1
1
Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341,
Korea, 2Department of Forest Environmental System, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon
24341, Korea
Effect of standardized ileal digestible Lys-to-ME ratios in broilers fed low crude
protein, amino acid-supplemented diets
RG De Gula-Barrion, AB Magarro, KRC Sernande and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
Nutrition value of added mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) on organic broiler feed
S Chalorsuntisakul and C Kasornpikul
Silpakorn University, Petcha Buri, Thailandl Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

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Animal Science Congress

OP20 Ruminant Nutrition-4

Aug. 25, 16:30-18:00 / Samda A (3F)

Chair. Ja Kyeom Seo (Pusan National University, Korea)
OP20-1
16:30-16:45

OP20-2
16:45-17:00

OP20-3
17:00-17:15

OP20-4
17:15-17:30

OP20-5
17:30-17:45

Effect of dietary rumen-undegradable protein level on nitrogen metabolism in
Hanwoo steers
SY Kim1, R Bharanidharan2, SY Im1, KH Kim2, JP Oh3 and M Baik1
1
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea,
3
Cargill Agri Purina, Inc., Seongnam, Korea
Growth performance and nutrient digestibility in lambs supplemented with dried
brewer’s spent grain
SVM Valdez1,2, AA Angeles2, AA Rayos2, FE Merca2, NA Del Rosario1, JB Poblete2 andJJD Manlapig1
1
Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Philippines,
2
University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Philippines
Synchrotron-based technology as a novel approach for feed science and animal
nutrition research
Peiqiang Yu
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresouces,
University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8 Canada
In vitro evaluation of low moisture feed licks on ruminal foam properties
Chernet Woju1, Vinod Suresh1, Mark Oliver2,3, Jagir Hussan1, Amanda Chow1 andAliah Natasha Abdul1
1
Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, 2Liggins Institute,
University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, 3Ngapouri Research Farm Laboratory,
University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandEffect of microwave treated forage hays on sheep intake, digestion, nitrogenpartitioning and metabolism
Shishir Md Safiqur Rahaman1,2, Cullen Brendan3, Brodie Graham1, Zhong Rongzhen4
and Cheng Long1
1
Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Dookie Campus,
VIC 3647, Australia, 2Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University,
Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh, 3Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences,
The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia, 4Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory ofGrassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130102 China

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP21 Animal Health-2Aug. 25, 16:30-18:00 / Samda B (3F)

Chair. Hyungchul Han (California State Polytechnic University, USA)OP21-1
16:30-16:45

OP21-2
16:45-17:00

OP21-3
17:00-17:15

OP21-4
17:15-17:30

OP21-5
17:30-17:45

524

Comparison of exosomal miRNA profiling reveals infection mechanisms fordifferent virulent types of PRRSV in BALF
YJ Seo and JM Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
A postbiotic consisting of heat-inactivated Lactobacilli and their metabolites fromspent fermentation medium reduces diarrhea and improves performance in weaned
piglets compared to zinc oxide
Erik Eckhardt, Sergio Della Zassa and Philippe Tacon
Adare Biome SA, Route de Bu, 78550, Houdan, France
Influence of sodium acetate and sodium butyrate on tight junction barrier andantimicrobial component production in goat mammary glands
Yusaku Tsugami, Takahiro Nii and Naoki Isobe
Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama
Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
In silico analysis of potential inhibitors against cysteine protease S273R (pS273R)of the African swine fever virus
LCJ Arcedo1, CMT Ravidas1, AA Angeles2 and AB Hizon-Fradejas1
1Institute of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños,
Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines, 2Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food
Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
New phytogenic anti-coccidial agent reduced Eimeria sporozoites infection andenhanced prevention against avian coccidiosis
KY Son1, JP Chae1, MA Park1, JO Moon1, JC Kim1, WG Min2 and SE Han1
1
CJ Cheiljedang, Suwon, Korea, 2Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP22 Animal Behavior and Welfare

Aug. 25, 16:30-18:00 / Rm. 303

Chair. Jinhyeon Yun (Chonnam National University, Korea)
OP22-1
16:30-16:45

OP22-2
16:45-17:00

OP22-3
17:00-17:15

OP22-4
17:15-17:30

OP22-5
17:30-17:45

OP22-6
17:45-18:00

Effect of environmental enrichment devices on growth performance and feather
quality in White Roman goslings
CP Wu1, QZ Lin1, JH Lin2, HT Hong3 and JM Li1
1
Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan, 2Goose Association
Republic of China, Yunlin, Taiwan, 3Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan
Methyl anthranilate as pig repellent: effects on the feeding behavior and production
performance
KMB Ampode1, HS Mun1,2, V Chem1, IB Chung1, S Mahfuz1, MA Dilawar1,3, YH Kim4 andCJ Yang1,31
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 3Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System(BK21 plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
Prepartum nest-building and postpartum nursing behavior in sows: comparison
between hyperprolific and non-hyperprolific
JH Lee, HU Shin, JS Kim, HL Jeon and J Yun
Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
Effect of pre-slaughter pig transport condition on animal welfare and meat quality
YJ Kim, HJ Oh, SY Chang, JW An, YB Go, DC Song, HA Cho, SH Park, KH Jeon and
JH ChoChungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
Stimulating prepartum nest-building behavior by provision of sling belt improves
the farrowing process of the sows in the crate
JH Lee1, YH Kim1, HL Jeon1, JS Kim1, HI Choi1, KW Kang2, JW Kang2 and J Yun1
1
Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, 2Swine ResearchCenter, Sunjin R&D Institute, Sunjin Co., Ltd., Korea
Correlation of animal-based parameters with environment-based parameters in an
on-farm welfare assessment of growing pigs
HJ Kang1, SE Bae2 and H Lee1
1
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP23 Animal Biotechnology-2

Aug. 25, 16:30-18:00 / Rm. 401

Chair. Ki-Duk Song (Jeonbuk National University, Korea)
OP23-2
16:30-16:45

OP23-3
16:45-17:00

OP23-417:00-17:15

OP23-5
17:15-17:30

OP23-6
17:30-17:45

526

Immunomodulatory effects of structured water on murine lymphocytes andperitoneal macrophages
JF Dela Cruz1,2, GW Bahng3, YT Kim4, LA Pratidina2 and SG Hwang2
1
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 2Departmentof Animal Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea,
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon,
Korea, 4HO32 Co., Ltd, 40-8, 257-Beon Na-Gil, Dongtankiheung-Ro, Hwaseong, Korea
Effects of heat stress exposure on porcine muscle satellite cells
JR Park1, JE Lee2, DR Kang1 and KS Shim1,2
1
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Department ofAgricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
Effects of heat shock protein gene polymorphisms on meat performance, somephysiological and biochemical parameters of blood in local chickens in the Mekong
Delta, Vietnam
NTK Khang1, TMS Ngo1, TP Le1 and T Massashi2
1
Can Tho University, Can Tho, Viet Nam, 2Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
A study on the effect of Korean representative traditional fermented foods on
carcinogens in processed meat products
HW Kim, DH Oh, JH Kim, JW Jeong, SH Yun, SY Lee, DY Lee and SJ Hur
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
Engineering chicken MDA5 to induce stronger immunity against influenza A virus
by borrowing C terminal domain (CTD) of RIG-I
SJ Woo, HJ Choi and JY Han
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture andLife Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP24 Animal Environment and Management

Aug. 25, 16:30-18:00 / Rm. 402

Chair. Hee-kwon Ahn (Chungnam National University, Korea)
OP24-1
16:30-16:45

OP24-2
16:45-17:00

OP24-3
17:00-17:15

OP24-4
17:15-17:30
OP24-5
17:30-17:45

OP24-6
17:45-18:00

Central taurine affords thermotolerance and regulates thermogenic genes
expressions in the breast muscle in neonatal chicks
MZ Elhussiny1,2, H Nishimura1, T Bungo3 and VS Chowdhury1
1
Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, 2Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt, 3Okayama University of
Science, Imabari, Japan
Understanding large ruminant small holder farmer trading behaviour and attitudes
in Lao PDR
April W McElligott1, Syseng Khounsy2 and Russell D Bush1
1
School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camden- Australia,
2
Department of Livestock and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane, Lao PDR
Measuring the efficiencies of dairy buffalo farms in the Philippines using dataenvelopment analysis
EP Palacpac1 and EM Valiente2
1
Philippine Carabao Center, Science City of Muñoz, Philippines, 2Central Luzon State University,
Science City of Muñoz, Philippines
Poultry behavior analysis with computer vision AI-based analysis system
SH Baek, YJ Cho and YD Kim
UNIAI Corp, Daejeon, Korea
Weight estimation model of cow using computer vision technique based on RGB-D
image
Sooram Kang1, Sangkyoon Kim2, Wanhyun Cho3 and Myung Hwan Na4
1
Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Chonnam National University, Korea, 2Department of
Statistics, Chonnam National University, Korea, 3Department of Statistics, Chonnam National
University, Korea, 4Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University, Korea
Herd-build up through advanced reproductive technology and its impact on dry
matter requirement of a 100-cow level farm in the Philippines: simulation
CV Lualhati, VA Magpantay and AN Del Barrio
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP13-1

Micro-chromium picolinate (CrPic) is more efficacious
than normal CrPic in finisher pigs
Frank R Dunshea1,2, Karen Moore3, Emayln Loudon3,
Darryl D’Souza4, Robert Hewitt4 and Alex Hung1
1

Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010,
Australia, 2Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK, 3Pork Innovation
WA Inc., Viveash, WA 3056, Australia, 4SunPork Solutions, Eagle Farm, QLD 4009, Australia
fdunshea@unimelb.edu.au

Objective:
The study aimed to determine the optimum dose of micro-chromium picolinate (µCrPic) in finisher pigs.
Materials and Methods:
The study utilised 24 pens of 11 pigs (gilts and immunocastrates)/pen in a dose-response study of 0, 50, 100, 200
and 400 ppb dietary µCrPic with an additional positive control of 400 ppb of normal CrPic. µCrPic was preparedby the dry polish method in a dry cryo-nanonization grinding system integrated with a size separator. The study
was conducted over the 5 weeks before slaughter. Statistical analysis was via ANOVA and regression.
Results:
Dietary µCrPic decreased feed conc = version ratio (FCR) (2.72 vs 2.54, p = 0.022) and back fat (12.0 vs 11.0 mm,
p = 0.002) and tended to decrease feed intake (FI) (2.90 vs 2.78 kg/d, p = 0.064). However, there was an interaction(p = 0.027) such that the effects of µCrPic on P2 back fat were more pronounced in the immunocastrates (13.2 vs11.6 mm) than in gilts (10.7 vs 10.3 mm). There were no significant effects of µCrPic or on daily gain or carcass
weight. Pigs fed 400 ppb µCrPic had a lower FCR (2.55 vs 2.83, p = 0.038) and tended to have lower FI (2.86 vs 3.05
kg/d, p = 0.056) than those pigs supplemented with normal size CrPic.
Conclusion:
In summary, µCrPic reduced FCR, FI and backfat with responses being similar across the doses of µCrPic
investigated. µCrPic was more efficacious than normal CrPic at the same dose.
Keywords: pig, chromium picolinate, growth, back fat
This project was funded by Australasian Pork Limited.

528

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP13-2

Evaluation of optimal SID His:Lys ratio based onfunctional role of His in nursery pigs
Yi-Chi Cheng1, Hye-lim Lee2 and Sung Woo Kim1
1

Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States,
2
CJ Cheiljedang, Seoul 04560, Korea
ycheng22@ncsu.edu

This study was conducted to evaluate optimal SID His:Lys ratio based on functional role of His in nursery pigs at
7 to 11 kg BW. His is stored in hemoglobin and carnosine becoming sources of His during His deficiency. Forty
pigs (26 d of age; initial BW of 7.1 ± 0.5 kg) were allotted to 5 treatments varying SID His:Lys at 0.26, 0.32, 0.38,
0.43, and 0.49 and fed to pigs until 11 kg BW for 14 d with growth performance measurements. Blood samples
were collected on d 12 to quantify hemoglobin and to count blood cells. Pigs were euthanized on d 14 to quantify
carnosine in longissimus dorsi muscle, trypsinogen in pancreas, and intestinal health parameters in the jejunum.
Growth performance was not influenced by varying SID His:Lys ratios from 0.26 to 0.49. Hemoglobin and red
blood cell count were maximized (p < 0.05) at 0.36 and 0.37, respectively, whereas carnosine tended to reachthe maximum (p = 0.051) at 0.38. Pacreatic trypsinogen was maximal (p < 0.05) at 0.40 and jejunal villus heighttended to be maximized (p = 0.087) at 0.41. Jejunal IgA and malondialdehyde were minimal at 0.35 and 0.38,
respectively. In conclusion, the optimum SID His:SID Lys ratio for was between 0.36 and 0.37 based hemoglobin,
red blood cell count, and carnosine in the muscle whereas growth performance was not responding to SID His:SID
Lys as His was provided from hemoglobin and carnosine. His requirement can be effectively determined byhemoglobin and carnosine status.
Keywords: carnosine, hemoglobin, histidine, nursery pigs

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

529

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP13-3

Determination and validation of dietary phosphorus
equivalency of an Escherichia coli-derived
phytase in broiler chickens
CH Kwon1, JH Kim1, DY Kim1, JH Lee1, SY Won1, HW Kim1, E Han2 and DY Kil1
1

Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea, 2CJ CheilJedang, BIO ANH, Seoul, Korea
chanho0227@cau.ac.kr

Two experiments were conducted to determine and validate P equivalency of an Escherichia coli-derived phytase(ECP) in broiler chickens. In Exp.1, 960 8-d-old broiler chickens were used in a 17-d trial to assess the effectof dietary ECP and different concentrations of available P (AP) from monosodium phosphate (MSP) on growth
performance and tibia characteristics. A basal diet (BD) was formulated to contain 0.76% Ca and 0.10% AP. Six
additional diets were prepared as BD + 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 g/kg AP from MSP and BD + 250, 500, or 1,000 FTU/
kg ECP. Based on tibia ash contents, P equivalencies at 500 and 1,000 FTU/kg ECP were 0.99 and 1.59 g/kg
AP, respectively. In Exp.2, 2,000 8-d-old broiler chickens were used in a 28-d trial to validate the determined P
equivalencies. A positive control diet (PC) was prepared to contain recommended concentrations of Ca and AP
for broiler chickens. Two negative control diets (NC1 and NC2) were prepared to contain less concentrations of
AP by 0.99 and 1.59 g/kg, respectively. Additional 2 diets were prepared by adding 500 and 1,000 FTU/kg ECP
to the NC1 and NC2 diets, respectively, based on their determined P equivalencies. Birds fed diets supplemented
with ECP had greater (p < 0.05) growth performance and tibia characteristics than those fed NC diets, but showedsimilar growth performance and tibia characteristics to those fed the PC diet. In conclusion, P equivalencies of
ECP determined in the current experiment can be applicable to broiler diets.
Keywords: available phosphorus, broiler chicken, phosphorus equivalency, phytase

530

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP13-4

Determination and prediction of apparent metabolizableenergy concentration in rice and rice milling
co-products fed to broilers
RNR Reyes and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippinesrhonaninareyes@gmail.com

This experiment was conducted to determine the concentration of nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizableenergy (AMEn) in rice and rice milling co-products and to develop prediction equations for rice and rice milling
co-products fed to broilers. A total of 72 Cobb 500 male broilers were individually housed in metabolic cages thatallowed for total collection of excreta. Birds were randomly allotted to 8 experimental diets using a completely
randomized design with 9 replicates per diet. A corn-soybean meal basal diet and 7 diets consisting of 70% basal
diet and 30% rice milling co-product were formulated. The AMEn in rice milling co-products were calculatedusing the difference procedure. The AMEn in rice and rice milling co-products varied (p < 0.001) and ranged
from 1,529 kcal/kg to 3,772 kcal/kg DM. Energy concentration in rice and rice milling co-products was positively
correlated (r = 0.89; p < 0.01) to NFE and negatively correlated (r ≥ -0.81; p < 0.05) to ether extract, crude fiber,ash, NDF, ADF, ADL, and P. The AMEn concentration in rice milling co-products can be predicted the following
equations: 1) AMEn = 3,649.959 – 133.62 × % ash (R2 = 0.95, RMSE = 147.633, p = 0.001); 2) AMEn = 3,730.078– 126.56 × % EE (R2 = 0.93, RMSE = 237.250, p = 0.002). In conclusion, energy concentration varied among rice
milling co-products but can be predicted using ash or ether extract concentration.
Keywords: broiler, apparent metabolizable energy, prediction, rice				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

531

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP13-5The efficiency of raising meat-type squab by racing pigeon
Xin-Yi Lin, Jhy-Ming Li and Chean-Ping Wu
Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
jelly4126@yahoo.com.tw

The global food crisis becomes out of control nowadays. The energy consumption of large economic animals isfurther high profile problem, thus, finding some replacers in meat-type squab that can be fast-growing and highnutritional value is important. Squab grows quickly and its ready to market around 21 days. Among, the highproteins and low fats of Squabs’ meat are popular by modern human. Thus, this study aim was investigated theefficiency of raising meat-type squab by racing pigeon. The study had three groups, including racing pigeon raising
the squab (R-1, R-2), meat-type pigeon raising the squab (M-1, M-2), and racing pigeon raising meat-type pigeon’ssquab (RM-2), and further analyzed the growth performances of squabs around 21 day. The results showed thatthe feed intake of M-2 in first week, second week and all period were significantly higher than R-1 and RM-2.
Moreover, the body weight of meat-type squab groups, including M-1, M-2, and RM-2, were significantly heavier
than this of racing-type squab group. During whole period, M-2 was better BWG than R-1 and M-1, however, they
were no difference with the other two groups. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of RM-2 is obviously better than R-1
in all period FCR of RM-2 in all period. In conclusion, using the way of replaced meat-type pigeon with racing
pigeon to raise meat-type squabs is not directly affected the growth period but it can obtain the best FCR andproduction efficiency.
Keywords: pigeon, meat-type squab, growth performance532

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP13-6

Effects of plant extract supplementation in drinking wateron the physico-chemical attributes, sensory evaluationand oxidative stability of chicken meat
MA Dilawar1,2, HS Mun1,3, YH Kim4 and CJ Yang1,2
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 3Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System(BK21 plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
ammar_dilawar@yahoo.com

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Geranium thunbergii (GT) and Mentha arvensis(MA) extracts in drinking water on the physico-chemical attributes, sensory qualities, proximate analysis andoxidative stability of chicken meat. One hundred and twenty broiler birds were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary
treatments for 5 weeks. The treatments were 1) control, 2) T1 (0.1% 1 GT:1 MA), 3) T2 (0.1% 4 GT:1 GT), 4)
T3 (0.1% 1 MA: 4 GT). The cooking loss and water holding capacity were significantly improved (p < 0.05) inthe treatments T2 and T3. The flavour, texture and overall acceptability of broiler meat scores by consumers weresignificantly better in T2 relative to the control (p < 0.05). The crude protein content was increased in T3 while
the crude fat was reduced in T2 (p < 0.05). When compared with the control group, birds supplemented withplant extracts had the lowest meat thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) values after 2 weeks of storage.
Total phenolic contents and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity were also better (p < 0.05) in the T2
group compared with the control, whereas 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate (ABTS+) remained
unaffected. Overall, these results demonstrate that plant extracts combination can be used to enhance the quality,
oxidative stability, shelf life and characteristics of broiler meat without compromising growth performance.
Keywords: broiler meat, oxidative stability, plant extracts, shelf life				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

533

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP14-1The effects of brittle rice straw on behavior andrumen ecology in Holstein cows
P Boonchu1, A Phonkompaeng1, A Sawasdee2, CS Wang2 and HI Chiang1
1

Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan,
2
Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
purichboonchu777@hotmail.com

Southeast Asian countries are tropical zones that face seasonal dry periods. Rice straw is a readily available,
practical, and cheap source of fodder for feeding ruminants. This study aimed to determine the effect of replacing
the forage diet with the straw from different brittle rice mutants: Purple brittle rice (PB0), Green brittle rice (GB8),
and their wild type Indica breed rice (IR64) were employed to investigate the forage quality, rumination andeating behavior in dairy cows. Three Holstein cows with an initial body weight of 725 ± 53 kg were fed with four
different forage treatments for 7 days per treatment, 28 days in total as follows: (1) Bermuda hay (control), (2)Bermuda hay replaced with 25% IR64 (25%IR64), (3) Bermuda hay replaced with 25% PB0 (25%PB0), and (4)Bermuda hay replaced with 25% GB8 (25%GB8). All cows were fed treatment diets for a limited time daily andtargeted to approximately 10% refusals. All measurements were taken on the last 3 days of each treatment. Ourfindings revealed significant (p < 0.05) improvements in rumination time by replacing Bermuda with 25% PB0
in forage diets (585.7 min/day). However, no difference was observed in daily dry matter intake and ruminal pH,
where ruminal NH3-N concentration tended to decrease in the 25%GB8 treatment. Straw by-products from brittle
rice mutants have the potential to improve rumen rumination and daily dry matter intake at the 25% replacement to
Bermuda in the forage.
Keywords: rice straw, rumination, rumen ecology534

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP14-2

Characterize rumen fermentation characteristics,
nutrient degradation, and microorganisms of thebrittle rice straw in vitro
A Phonkompaeng1, P Boonchu1, A Sawasdee2, CS Wang2 and HI Chiang1
1

Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan,
2
Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
amonratp397@gmail.com

Rice straw is an agricultural by-product, which is used as a forage resource for feeding ruminants in many
countries. Brittleness rice straws had been developed to improve nutritional value and decomposing efficacy. The
main objective of this study was to compare the straw of brittle rice mutant (PB3) with wild-type rice breed (IR64),
and Bermuda hay (BH) on the dynamics of rumen microorganism population in in vitro fermentation. After the
incubation (0, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h), dry matter (DM) degradation and pH changes were measured at the end of eachtime period. Metagenomic DNA of buffered rumen fluid was isolated from incubated samples. Total bacteria,
Genus Bacteroides, Genus Ruminococcus, and Genus Prevotella were identified and quantified for the relative
abundance using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In all treatments, the percentage of dry matter
degradation tends to increase with incubation time, while the ruminal pH significantly decreased with incubation
time (p < 0.05). BH diet showed the highest DM (28.68%) degradation and lowest pH (6.61) after 24 h incubation.
The Bacteroides genus was found to be the dominant fiber degrader bacteria in 0 and 4 h of incubation then it was
replaced by the Prevotella genus at 24 h for the BH and PB3 diet. The Ruminococcus genus slightly increased in
the IR64 diet, but remained unchanged in PB3 diets. The brittle rice straw showed the different dynamics of rumen
microorganism population during the fermentation. However, the specific microorganisms and their corresponding
nutrients need to be further verified.
Keywords: rumen microorganisms, rice straw, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR)				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP14-3Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass
characteristics and in vitro gas production in Philippine
native goats (Capra hircus) fed total mixed rations
EG Talipan, CS Sevilla, FE Merca, JB Poblete and AA Angeles
University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Philippines
jbpoblete2@up.edu.phTotal mixed ration (TMR) is a combination of forages, cereals, by-products, fats, protein sources, vitamins, andminerals formulated to meet the nutrient requirements of an animal. The provision of TMR ensures nutrient
consistency and prevents separation and selection thus, it can be an alternative to traditional feeding systems
for native goats. This study was conducted to determine the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass
characteristics, and in vitro gas production in Philippine native goats fed total mixed rations. Eighteen native goatsof both sexes with initial body weight (BW) of 7.18 ± 2.22 kg at 3 to 4 months of age were used in a randomized
complete block design. The initial BW of the goats served as the blocking factor. Two animals from each block
were randomly assigned to one of the three dietary treatments: T1 = napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) andconcentrate, T2 = high forage TMR, and T3 = low forage TMR. All parameters were analyzed using the MIXEDprocedure of SAS software. The results revealed no differences (p > 0.05) in the growth performance of native
goats. Crude protein digestibility of T2 was significantly lower (p = 0.02) than T1 and T3. The T3 had greater
dressing (p < 0.05) than T2 but was similar to T1 (p > 0.05). In vitro gas production was significantly highest (p< 0.05) in T1. The highest income over feed cost was observed in T3. Therefore, increasing the nutrient densityof TMR can be economically fed to native goats without any negative effects on the growth performance, carcass
characteristics, and nutrient digestibility.
Keywords: napier grass, total mixed rations, in vitro gas production, Philippine native goat

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP14-4The effects of dietary forage and energy levels on rumen
fermentation characteristics, CH4 emission, andrumen microbiota in Hanwoo steer
HB Kim1, S Jeong2, H Cho2, K Kang2, S Jeon2, M Lee2,
H Kang2, YK Lee3, S Seo2 and JK Seo1
1

Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National
University, Miryang, Korea, 2Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National
University, Daejeon, Korea, 3Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute ofAnimal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea
khb3850@pusan.ac.kr

Methane (CH 4) emitted from ruminants is a major concern, because of their substantial contribution toanthropogenic greenhouse gas. Management of feed formula can be a way to modulate the ruminal microbiome.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of forage and energy levels on CH4 emission and rumen microbiome ingrowing Hanwoo steers. Thirty Hanwoo steers (body weight [BW]: 342.9 ± 24) were randomly allocated to oneof three treatment groups and fed their respective diets for 32 days; (1) High forage to concentrate ratio (F:C)(35:65) with a low energy concentrate mix (EC) (HF-Low), (2) high F:C (35:65) with a high EC (HF-High), and(3) low F:C (25:75) with a high EC (LF-High). The CH4 emission (ppm-m/kg of dry matter intake) in LF-High
was significantly lower than that in both high forage treatments (p < 0.001). Based on weighted UniFrac distance,
forage ratio affected the overall shift in microbiota (HF-Low vs. HF-High, q = 0.089; HF-Low vs. LF-High, q =0.012; HF-High vs. LF-High, q = 0.012). Thirty-three major genera significantly differed in relative abundance
among the treatments. In the microbial network, more significant interactions were specifically assigned to HFLow (significant interactions; HF-Low 240, HF-High 95, LF-High 78). The overall predicted functional featuresdiffered significantly among treatments, but the major differences were detected by forage ratio (HF-Low vs. LFHigh, p < 0.01 and HF-High vs. LF-High, p < 0.01). In conclusion, the LF-High might be the best choice for
reducing CH4 emissions in growing beef cattle management.
Keywords: methane, microbiome, forage ratio, energy level

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OP14-5

Digestibility evaluation of ration containing black soldier fly
frass with fermented cacao pod media: an in vitro approach
EL Fitriana, EB Laconi, A Jayanegara and DA Astuti
IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Ekofitriana888@gmail.com

This study aimed to evaluate the ration containing frass of black soldier fly from fermented cacao pod by employing
an in vitro rumen fermentation approach. The treatments consisted of: 30% field grass and 70% concentrate as
control ration (R), ration containing 15% frass fermented cacao pod with Phanerocheate chrysosporium (R_15Cpc),
ration containing 15% frass fermented cacao pod with Trametes versicolor (R_15Ctv), ration containing 30% frass
fermented cacao pod with Phanerocheate chrysosporium (R_30Cpc), and ration containing 30% frass fermented
cacao pod with Trametes versicolor (R_30Ctv). The parameters measured were maximum gas production at
infinity time, gas production rate, total gas production, methane concentration, pH, volatile fatty acid profiles, total
protozoa, microbe protein synthesis, dry matter digestibility (DMD), and organic matter digestibility (OMD). The
data obtained were analyzed by using analysis of variance followed by the Duncan’s test. The results showed that
R_30Cpc and R_30Ctv decreased maximum gas production at infinity time, gas production in 48 hour, DMD, andOMD. The DMD in R_15Cpc was similar to the control ration. Substitution of grass with frass did not affect pH
and total protozoa, and did not negatively affect rumen fermentation. In conclusion, frass cacao pod fermented with
Phanerocheate chrysosporium can be used as fiber source for ruminants at the level of 15%.
Keywords: agricultural by product, bioconversion, feed, fiber source

538

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP14-6

Severe heat stress may promote bovine adipose tissue
development by altering transcription factors
WS Kim and JK Kim
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Kimjon48@msu.edu

Frequent extreme temperatures due to global warming cause heat stress (HS) in livestock animals andeventually harm productivity. Due to a lack of data, HS on adipose tissue development remains unknown inbovine species. We hypothesized that moderate or severe heat exposure could influence adipose tissue growth.
Accordingly, the study aimed to determine the effects of varying degrees of HS on adipose tissue development.
Bovine preadipocytes were isolated from subcutaneous fat Angus steers (n = 3, 16 mo old) and incubated upon
approximately 90% confluency. Adipogenic differentiation was induced and incubated for 9 days. Cells were thenincubated in the following thermal treatments: 1) thermoneutral (TN, 39℃), 2) moderate heat (MH; 39.5℃),
and 3) severe heat (SH; 41℃). Following 3 and 12 h of heat exposure, cells were harvested and used for mRNA
extraction. Quantification of intracellular lipid contents was performed every 24 hrs. Cells incubated in SH
increased HSP70 and HSPB1 mRNA gene expressions at 3 h of heat exposure. HSPB1 was upregulated after 12 hof incubation in SH. The SH exposed cells overexpressed key transcription factors, PPARγ and C/EBPα at 3 and12 h of HS. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) were also upregulated in 3 and 12 h ofSH exposure. Intracellular lipid droplet accumulation was promoted in both MH and SH at d6. Adipocytes exposed
to SH accumulated more intracellular lipid on days 7, 8, and 9. Our data indicated that severe heat exposure might
promote adipose tissue growth by regulating transcription factors in bovine adipocytes.
Keywords: heat stress, adipose cells, beef cattle				

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OP15-2

Edible mycoprotein as alternative proteins in food and feedsystem, influences the longevity and fat accumulation of
Caenorhabditis elegans animal model
D Lee, AN Kang, WJ Lee, DY Mun, HJ Choi, MG Kang,JK Park, YB Choi, JB Lee, SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
junpyo1357@snu.ac.kr

In Korea, households that raise companion animals were 29.7% of the total households at the end of 2020. With
the increasing number of people raising companion animals, interest in pet feed and health is increasing. Most pet
owners consider their pets as family, colleagues, and friends. This phenomenon made owners want their pets tolive longer and healthier. Mycoprotein, a whole food source derived from the fermentation of fungi, is a potential
protein source for functional companion animal feed. Fusarium venenatum is one of the fungi that can form
mycoproteins by fermentation. Due to its high protein, high fiber, low fat and low energy content, F. venenatum isconsidered a potential protein source for functional companion animal feed to increase health and treat obesity. In
this study, F. venenatum was fed to C. elegans in L1 (Larval) and L4 (Young adult) stages to estimate whether F.
venenatum can improve lifespan. Compare to C. elegans fed with E. coli OP50, C. elegans fed with F. venenatum
showed increased lifespan in both L1 and L4. Also feeding C. elegans with protein extraction from F. venenatum
improved lifespan. Which indicated that F. venenatum and protein extraction can enhance lifespan in C. elegans.
Feeding F. venenatum for 48 hours from L4 stages showed reduced fat accumulation compared to feeding E. coli
OP50. In summary, these results showed F. venenatum may be a potential alternative protein source for functional
food and feed for human and companion animal which can increase health and prevent obesity.
Keywords: Fusarium venenatum, mycoprotein, alternative protein, obesity

540

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP15-3

PCR based rapid method for detection and identification ofmeat species and its validation in meat sausages
MI Khan1, M Khan2 and A Sahar3
1National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan,
2
Rifah International University, Lahore, Pakistan, 3Department of Food Engineering,
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
drkhan@uaf.edu.pk

Assessing the authenticity of raw and processed meat has considerable economic and religious importance. The
DNA is more stable and specific than proteins which make it reliable for molecular detection methods. To makethe PCR more rapid and reliable, the method was modified to reduce the total run time. The aim of this study wasto provide simple, fast, convenient, and accurate method for the animal species identification and detection of
adulteration in processed meat. In the current study conventional PCR was used as a rapid tool for animal species
identification targeting on mitochondrial genes. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect fouranimal species (pork, beef, turkey, and chicken) and 25 samples of commercially available meat products as raw
materials. To evaluate the specificity of primers against each species meat, species specific primers were testedon all meats and in mixture combination as rapid tool of meat species identification. The DNA was extractedwith fast extraction technique (dipstick methodology) using Whatman filter paper in less than 30 s. The extracted
mitochondrial DNA was amplified, and PCR product was detected on 2% agarose gel with expected sizes of 398,
311, 133 and 227 base pair from pork, beef, turkey, and chicken, respectively. The detection limit showed by
all sets of primers in PCR assay was 10 ng to 0.01 ng. This molecular method can be applied in quality control
laboratories and inspection services as a rapid tool of detection that could be done in less than 70 min.
Keywords: meat authenticity, meat species identification, PCR, meat adulteration

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OP15-4

Evaluation of radiofrequency tempering combined withconventional thawing on physicochemical properties
and water-holding status of pork loins
C Kaewkot and FJ Tan
Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
Chonlathee034MeatSci@gmail.com

Thawing technologies are widely applied in the meat industry, while radio frequency (RF) processing has beenused for tempering frozen meat. In the current study, the effect of RF (27.12 MHz) tempering combined with the
air convection (AC) thawing (RFAC: RF then AC thawing at 20℃) and water immersing (WI) thawing (RFWI:
RF then WI thawing at 20℃) on the physicochemical properties and water-holding status of frozen pork loin wasinvestigated and compared with the properties of the samples using any sole treatment of AC, WI, or refrigeration
thawing (RT) at 4℃ and fresh meat (FM). The thawing was terminated as the sample core temperatures reached 4℃.
The results showed that the thawing time of WI, AC, RT, RFWI, and RFAC were 180, 330, 815, 145, and 195 min,respectively. AC had significantly (p < 0.05) higher thawing loss, drip loss, centrifugation loss and lower moisture
content among all treatments, while RT had lower water losses than WI (p < 0.05). There was no significant
difference of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) between
RT and WI. By contrast, the least deterioration in the water-holding status parameters, microstructure, shear force
value, protein solubility, TBARs, TVB-N, and colors were observed for RFWI and RWAC (p < 0.05). This study
clearly demonstrated RFWI and RFAC speeded up thawing of meat as well as maintained superior qualities thanany sole thawing treatment, thus lead to be promising applications in the meat industry.
Keywords: physicochemical, pork, radio frequency, thawing

542

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP15-5Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) powder
as a potential phosphate alternative byimproving emulsifying capacity
DY Jung1, HJ Lee1, M Kim1, DJ Shin2 and C Jo1
1

Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
doo1657@snu.ac.kr

Oyster mushroom powder (OMP) was evaluated as a substitute for phosphate in emulsion-type sausage. Pork
emulsion-type sausage without phosphate (negative control, NC), with 0.2% sodium triphosphate (positive
control, PC) and 1 and 2% OMP (OMP1 and OMP2, respectively) were prepared. Then, their physicochemical,
emulsifying, and taste characteristics were analyzed. Although the addition of phosphate and OMP provided
different textural characteristics, the OMP1 and OMP2 improved the emulsion stability similar to PC. Especially,
the OMP2 had the highest water holding capacity, apparent viscosity, and the lowest cooking loss. This
contradiction is attributed to the different emulsion structures. Unlike PC, the addition of OMP contributed to theformation of a structure in which fat globules were randomly entrapped by filament-like components, as observedby scanning electron microscopy. It was verified by confocal laser scanning microscopy and Fourier transform
infrared analysis that polysaccharides or proteins, and conjugates between them, contributed to this distinguishing
structure developed when OMP was added. In addition, OMP2 was closely associated with umami taste whenobserved by the electronic tongue. In conclusion, 2% OMP could be used as a natural food substitute for phosphate
due to the improved emulsifying capacity via polysaccharide-protein conjugates formed by the addition of OMP.
Keywords: oyster mushroom, phosphate alternative, emulsion-type sausage

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP16-1

Influence of ovarian structures and pre-ovulatory follicularsize on pregnancy rates after CIDR-Synch fixed timed
artificial insemination in water buffaloes
EP Atabay1, EC Atabay1,2, CF dela Cruz1 and JP Apolinario1
1

Reproduction and Physiology Section, Philippine Carabao Center, National Headquarters,
Philippine Carabao Center at CLSU, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, 3120 Philippines

2bingay2003@yahoo.com

The present study aimed to (1) establish the ovarian structures and their importance during the Fixed Time AI(FTAI) protocol (2) determine follicle sizes at specific time points during the program, behavioral estrus signs, andpregnancy outcome (3) evaluate the relationship between the pre-ovulatory follicle (POF) size at the time of AI
with pregnancy in buffaloes. Dairy buffaloes (n = 205) were synchronized following CIDR-Synch FTAI protocol.
Briefly, buffaloes were administered with GnRH at Day 0, with insertion of Control Internal Drug Release (CIDR).
Prostaglandin (PGF2) was given at Day 7 with the removal of CIDR insert. hCG was given at Day 9, AI was
performed at Day 10, and follicle growth was monitored by ultrasonography at days 0, 7, and 10. Size of POF at
day of AI was divided into three categories; I: <10 mm; II: 10.0 to 11.9 mm; III: 12 mm and above. Pregnancy
diagnosis was done at days 30-35 post-AI. Average Dominant Follicles sizes at Day 0 and 7 were 9.01 and 8.83mm, respectively. Average POF size was 11.63. POF with size at Category 1 is 18.23%, Category II is 41.7%, andCategory III is 40% of total buffaloes. Pregnancy rate achieved were as follows: Category 1: 12.9%, Category 2:
46.6, and Category 3: 55.8. Overall pregnancy rate was 45%, with highest pregnancy achieved with POF ≥12 mm.
In conclusion, POF sizes influenced estrus signs and pregnancy in water buffaloes and that there is an optimum
range of preovulatory follicle size within which high pregnancy rates can be achieved.
Keywords: water buffaloes, Fixed Time AI, follicle size, pregnancy rate544

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP16-2

Proteomic analysis to identify pesticide-induced
molecular defects in spermatozoa
JW Bae1, JH Jo2, SI Jang2, EJ Jung1, WJ Lee1, JM Hwang1 and WS Kwon1,2
1

Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
jwbae1822@gmail.com

Fipronil and bifenthrin are broad-spectrum pesticides, that disrupt the central nervous systems of insects. Recent
evidence suggests that exposure to pesticides has been shown to cause several defects in mammals. Meanwhile,
the potential impact of pesticides on the molecular mechanisms of spermatozoa and underlying these actions are
rarely known yet. Herein, we treated various concentrations of pesticides to mouse spermatozoa. Sperm quality
was measured using the CASA system and H33258/CTC dual staining. In addition, changes in intracellular ATP
and cell viability levels were evaluated. Moreover, the present study utilized 2-DE to identify the alternation ofprotein expression levels in pesticide-affected spermatozoa. The confirmation of differentially expressed proteins
was conducted via western blot analysis. Finally, bioinformatics analysis was used to illuminate the mechanismsof pesticides on male reproduction. In consequence, fipronil or bifenthrin treatment significantly reduced mostof the sperm motility, motion kinematic parameters and intracellular ATP levels. Whereas the acrosome reaction
was enhanced, and no significant differences were found in cell viability levels. Furthermore, proteomic analysis
enabled us to identify 23 differentially expressed proteins, and the expression levels of entire proteins weresignificantly decreased in both pesticide treatments. Moreover, 23 differentially expressed proteins play prominentroles in various signaling pathways of spermatozoa and are associated with various reproductive dysfunctions,which can result in infertility. Ultimately, our findings shed new light on the molecular mechanisms of pesticides
on spermatozoa, contributing to the in-depth understanding of pesticide-associated sperm dysfunctions.
Keywords: pesticides, spermatozoa, differentially expressed proteins, reproductive dysfunctions

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OP16-3

Alteration of testicular function by
gut dysbiosis on male mice
M Chandanee Romesha1, AAI Adikari Dilki1,
WM Dissanayake Nadeema1, SM Lee2 and YJ Yi1
1Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
mrcromeshani@gmail.com

Recently, gut dysbiosis (GD) caused by diet, age, drugs, and environmental pollutants has increased rapidly
in animals. These factors could induce abnormal symptoms in the metabolism of energy and nutrition and theimmune system. Also, it has been reported that gut microbiomes affect the lumen formation of seminiferous
tubules in testis and the integrity and permeability of the blood-testis barrier. Therefore, the present study
investigated how GD altered testicular function and sperm formation in mice. In order to induce GD, 9-weekold wild-type (WT) male mice were fed high doses of antibiotics for 4 weeks and were sacrificed to collect serum
and organs for the experiment. The levels of hepatotoxicity, sex hormones, and cytokines were analyzed in serum,
and apoptosis, ER stress, and sperm morphology were examined in testis and epididymal spermatozoa. A higher
level of hepatotoxicity was observed in WT-GD mice compared to a control without GD. The level of serum
testosterone was lower in WT-GD mice than in control (p > 0.05). Higher levels of IL-1ꞵ and IL-6 were detectedin WT-GD mice than in control. The spontaneous apoptosis was frequently observed in the testis of WT-GD mice.
Additionally, the RNA level of CHOP associated with ER stress was highly expressed in testis derived from WTGD mice. In conclusion, the testicular function can be indirectly regulated by the gut microbiome, suggesting thatthe development of assisted reproductive technology associated with the microbiome is necessary to treat sub andinfertility in animals. Supported by NRF grant funded by MSIT (2020R1A2C1014007).
Keywords: microbiomes, gut dysbiosis, testis, spermatozoa

546

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP16-4

Cryogenic tolerance of locally processed extended
boar semen commercially marketed for artificial
insemination use in the Philippines
Lerma Ocampo and Joseph Oliver Lofranco
Department of Agriculture, Philippine Carabao Center, Research and Development Division,
Reproduction and Physiology Section, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
In the Philippines semen cryopreservation in ruminants is more established for artificial insemination (AI) andanimal genetic resources (AnGR) cryo-banking whereas boar semen in extender solution (s) preserved at 17 ±2℃ is commonly marketed for AI. The dearth of information on boar semen cryopreservation has spurred theinterest of pig semen producers due to the African Swine Fever scare. In this study, the cryogenic tolerance ofcommercially marketed boar semen from three (3) boar studs #1, #2 and #3 was determined after cryopreservation
using Lactose egg yolk-based Cooling Extender (CE; 0.31M Lactose 80% v/v and 20% Egg yolk v/v) and Freezing
Extender Solution(s) (CE 92.5% v/v, Glycerol 6% v/v and Equex paste 1.5% v/v). The pre-freeze and post thaw
sperm motility (CASA MOT) and progressively motile spermatozoa (CASA-PMOT) were evaluated using CASAIVOS II. Boar semen sample #1, #2 and #3 registered mean ± s.e.m. (%) pre-freeze CASA MOT values of
73.45 ± 3.26a, 67.70 ± 3.42a and 74.80 ± 5.20ab (ANOVA, p < 0.05), respectively and CASA PMOT of 61.5 ± 1.5a,
47.9 ± 2.9b and 57.6 ± 7.80ab (ANOVA, p < 0.05), respectively. Post thaw motility results in sample #2 and # 3
registered poorly (4.0~20%) whereas semen #1 showed CASA MOT (%) value of 40.00 ± 4.35 and CASA PMOT(%) value of 35.44 ± 4.4 after cryopreservation. Plasma membrane integrity and viability assay by fluorescenceprobes (Thermo Fisher Cat. L7011) revealed 27.95 ± 5.9% sperm head green emitting fluorescence showing
cryo-survivability suggestive of cryopreservation potential for IVF research and eventual AnGR cryo-banking.
Keywords: cryopreservation, plasma membrane integrity, pig semen				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP16-5

Influences of melatonin on the developmental potential of
porcine parthenotes derived from the in vitro-maturated
oocytes isolated from the small antral follicles
J Jitjumnong1 and PC Tang1,2
1

Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, 2The iEGG
and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
J.jakree105@gmail.com

The porcine oocytes derived from the small antral follicle normally possess low potential of nuclear maturation
and blastocyst formation under in vitro conditions. Although it has been reported that pre-in vitro maturation (preIVM) could enhance nuclear maturation of these oocytes, no benefit to subsequent embryonic development was
indicated, which is most likely resulted from the higher level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the oocytes
due to prolonged IVM period. Melatonin is known as an antioxidant and free radical scavenger, suggesting thepossibility to improve the quality of embryos. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of melatonin(10-7 M) on the developmental potential of porcine pathenotes derived from the oocytes isolated from small antral
follicles (<3 mm in diameter). Results showed that a 22-hour pre-IVM culture could significantly increase thenuclear maturation rate, compared with the regular IVM protocol (77.8 v.s. 59.1%, p < 0.05). Additionally, it was
found that the supplementation of melatonin during pre-IVM and IVM is able to significantly reduce ROS level andincrease glutathione (GSH) generation (p < 0.05). After pathenogentic activation, oocytes cultured in the medium
containing melatonin had significantly higher blastocyst formation rate and total cell number at the blastocyst stage(p < 0.05). In conclusion, our findings provide solid evidence that supplementation of melatonin during pre-IVM
and IVM could reduce the accumulation of ROS and increase GSH generation for the porcine oocyte derived fromthe small antral follicles. Futhermore, melatonin assists the improvement of blastocyst formation and quality.
Keywords: embryo development, in vitro maturation, melatonin, small antral follicles

548

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Animal Science Congress

OP17-1

Inhibition of salmonella growth by formalin
Daorung Sila-on and Pattaraporn Poommarin
Faculty of Animal Sciences and Agricultural Technology, Silpakorn University, Thailand
silaon_d@silpakorn.edu

Salmonella enterica is one of disease for outbreaks of human foodborne salmonellosis. Inactivated S. enterica isavailable to control the Salmonella sp. spread. There are several methods of inactivated Salmonella sp. such asformalin incubation, heat-killed bacteria, Electron-beam irradiation technology, H2O2 inactivation. This study is todetermine the optimal concentration and incubation period of formalin for inactivating Salmonella sp. The formalinconcentrations of 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0% in phosephate buffer saline (PBS) were used to inoculated 109
cfu/ml of S. enterica for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 hr. of each formalin concentration. After inactivation, S. enterica were
culture in Nutrient broth, Nutrient agar and Xylose-Lysine-Deoxycholate (XLD) agar for 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and
72 hr to observe the salmonella colonies and the optical density (OD) at 600 nm of wavelength. The result showedthat the increase OD value of S. enterica in control group (0.0% formalin in PBS) indiacate the growth of bacteria.
However, the other formalin concentration showed the stable OD value. No growth of bacterial colony observedon the nutrient agar at 24 hr when S. enterica were killed by 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0% formalin concentrations for
12, 10, 8, 8 and 2 hr, respectively. Control group showed the change of XLD agar color but other groups did notturn color. Therefore, the minimal formalin concentration and incubation period to inactivate Salmonella sp. was
0.2% formalin for 12 hr.
Keywords: inactivated Salmonella sp., formalin, titer, bacterial culture				

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OP17-2

Evaluation of probiotic functionality of Weizmannia
coagulans with regulation of gut microbiota using in vitro
complex intestinal microbial ecosystem
HJ Choi, DY Mun, WJ Lee, AN Kang, MG Kang, JK Park,YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee, SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
zni901@snu.ac.kr

Weizmannia coagulans is well established potential probiotic bacterium in food and animal feed industry. It isa gram-positive bacteria and have spore-forming, lactic acid-producing function. In particular, spore-forming
characteristics to survive the host's gastrointestinal tract and positive function as probiotics for host health. In thisstudy, we confirmed the probiotic characteristics in cluding acid, bile and antimicrobial activity and heat toleranceof two W. coagulans strain. W. coagulans have high acid and bile tolerance comparing with Lacticaseibacillus
rhamnosus GG (LGG) as positive control, and showed heat tolerance. In addition, two strain had the adhesion
ability to intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) including HT-29 cells (for human IECs) and IPEC J2 cells (for porcine
IECs). In addition, we evaluated W. coagulans affect on host intestinal microbial diversity composition in gut
environments using FIMM (Fermentor for Intestine Microbiota Model) system coupled with 16S metagenomic
sequencing using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Our results propose that W. coagulans could be probiotic
bacterium and applied on animal feed additives.
Keywords: spore-forming bacteria, W. coagulans, gut microbiota, FIMM

550

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Animal Science Congress

OP17-3

Latilactobacillus curvatus BYB3 isolated from Kimchi
alleviates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis inmice by inhibiting IL-6 and TNF-R1 production
X Wang, D Li, Z Meng, K Kim and S Oh
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
lidingyunyjs@163.com

Recent studies have shown that probiotics have health-promoting effects, particularly intestinal immune
modulation. In this study, we focused on the immunomodulatory properties of Latilactobacillus curvatus BYB3,
formerly called Lactobacillus curvatus, isolated from kimchi. In a mouse model of 14-day dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis, treatment with L. curvatus BYB3 significantly decreased the disease activity index, colon
length, and weight loss. Moreover, histological analyses showed that L. curvatus BYB3 protected the structural
integrity of the intestinal epithelial layer and mucin-secreting goblet cells from DSS-induced damage, with
only slight infiltration by immune cells. To evaluate the molecular mechanisms underlying L. curvatus BYB3–
driven inhibition of interleukin 6 production, possible in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of L. curvatus BYB3
were examined in the same mouse model. In addition, significantly lower levels of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor
receptor 1 upregulation were seen in the DSS+BYB3 group (compared to that in the DSS group). These results
indicate that L. curvatus BYB3 exhibits health-promoting effects via immune modulation; and therefore, it can beused to treat various inflammatory diseases.
Keywords: Latilactobacillus curvatus, immune modulation, IL-6, probiotic				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP17-4Isolation and characterization of rumen-originated“Enbiotics” with plastic degradation and methane
mitigation
MG Kang, AN Kang, DY Mun, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, JK Park,YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee, SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
kmk0340@snu.ac.kr

Ruminants have huge biological fermentation tanks called rumen. There are more than 20 billion bacteria in just 1
mL of rumen. Biopolymers (e.g., cutin, cellulose) flow into the rumen, degraded into small molecules and absorbed
by rumen microbiome. In recent, novel functional bacteria isolated from rumen fluids has high-valuable effectivesson the aspect of biomediation as “Enbiotics (Environment-assocaited microorganisms)”. This sudy was conductedto acquire microorganisms with bioremidation ability. Various types of plastic films (HDPE, LDPE, PET, PS) wereadded into YSV medium limited carbon source and then, cultured for 30 days. Some sample contained a distinct
microbial consortium that formed on the plasitc film upon culturing. Microscopy revealed that the consortium on
the film contained a mixture of bacteria. Isolated 95 strains performed double screening test to evaluate ability
for bioremediation. Among them, Brevibacillus spp. MeLD10 capable of growth both condition, plastic added
YSV medium and methane supplied AMS medium. Brevibacillus spp. MeLD10 has been proven simultaneously
degraded methane plastic hydrolysis activity under moderately thermophilic conditions (over 40℃). This strain
could be used as an animal-originated high-valuable bacterium for bioremidation of plastic waste and mitigationof methane gas. Our study provided on the new insight of rumen microbiota with bioremidation and methane
mitigation for contirubuting to climate change.
Keywords: rumen microbiota, plastic degradation, methane mitigation, enbiotics

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Animal Science Congress

OP17-5

Gut microbial modulation effects ofsophorolipid in various animal models
Min-Jin Kwak1, Yong-Soon Choi1, Hanbae Lee2 and Kwang-Youn Whang1
1

Korea University, Seoul, Korea, 2Pathway Intermediates, Seoul, Korea
ics1051@korea.ac.kr

Sophorolipid (SPL), a glycolipid-type biosurfactant, could improve the gut defense system by modulation ofintestinal immune status and increasing beneficial microflora. Therefore, we conducted 3 in vivo experimentswith early-weaning rats, weaning piglets, and broiler chickens to investigate the strengthening effects of SPL on
intestinal defense systems in diverse animal models.
In a rat experiment, dietary SPL decreased the portion of pathogenic bacteria, including E, coli, Streptococcus
spp., and Salmonella spp., and increased the production of short-chain fatty acids, such as acetate and butyrate. It
also improved gut morphology, increased villus height:crypt depth ratio and goblet cell numbers, and lowered gut
permeability.
The silimar results were also found in a swine experiment. SPL supplementation in swine diets increased the
population of Prevotella, and short-chain fatty acid production capacity. Moreover, dietary SPL improved
histological indices, mucin secretion capability, and local inflammation markers.
An experiment with broilers also proposed that SPL could shift gut microbial population to an advantageous
direction to the host. Especially, the portions of Lactobacillus spp., and Akkermansia muciniphila weresignificantly increased by dietary SPL supplementation. Moreover, these modulations could fortify the gut defense
system with enhanced mucin secretion capacity, strengthened tight junction, and improved gene expression levels
of inflammatory cytokines, Interleukin-6 and interleukin-10.
Collectively, dietary SPL improved intestinal defense mechanisms by modulation of gut microflora, mucinsecreting capacity, and local immune responses in various animal models. And sophorolipid could be used as anovel alternative to antibiotics in the livestock industry.
Keywords: sophorolipid, antibiotics, gut, rat, pig, chicken, mucin				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP17-6

Characterization of a two-peptide bacteriocin fromEnterococcus faecalis CAUM157 in whey-based media
with activity against Listeria monocytogenes
and periodontitis-causing pathogens
AG Elnar, SB Han and GB Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
agelnar17@cau.ac.kr

Enterococcus faecalis CAUM157 (KACC 81148BP), a Gram-positive bacteria isolated from raw cow’s milk, wasobserved to produce antimicrobial peptides. The bacteriocins of E. faecalis CAUM157 were investigated for theiractivity against pathogenic bacteria and potential role in inhibiting biofilm formation. Additionally, the bacteriocin
production of CAUM157 was investigated in whey-based media. Genomic analyses and in vitro characterization
revealed a two-peptide Class IIb bacteriocin with potent activity against Listeria monocytogenes and periodontal
disease-causing pathogens (Prevotella intermedia KCTC15693T and Fusobacterium nucleatum KCTC2488T).
The bacteriocins effectively inhibited the growth of planktonic cells which prevented the formation of biofilm,
particularly in L. monocytogenes. Characterization of M157 bacteriocins showed high temperature and pH stability
and resisted degradation by hydrolytic enzymes and detergents, which could be attributed to their structuralconformation. Purified M157 bacteriocins have an approximate size of 5.1 kDa with similar amino acid sequences
to each other, with individual peptides showing inhibitory activity. E. faecalis CAUM157 showed favorable
growth and fermentation profile with minimal bacteriocin production when cultured in whey-based media. The
bacteriocin production in whey was increased by supplementing 1.0% nitrogen source (tryptone or soytone).
Although E. faecalis CAUM157 harbors genes for virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance, its bacteriocin
production proves to be a valuable attribute that circumvents the need for live microorganisms, particularly in foodapplications for pathogen control.
Keywords: Enterococcus faecalis, bacteriocins, postbiotic, pathogen control

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Animal Science Congress

OP18-1

Sequence-based SNP detection of insulin-like growth factor
II (IGF2) gene in Korean native chicken (KNC)
JP Munyaneza1, MJ Kim1, EJ Cho2, KE Thisarani2, SJ Nam1, JW Kim1 and JH Lee1,2
1Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea,
2
Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
inezajp@gmail.com

Korean native chicken meat has a unique taste and flavour due to the higher content of flavour and taste-active
compounds, including amino acids, nucleotides such as inosine, inosine 5’-monophosphate (IMP) and hypoxanthine,
as well as some saturated fatty acids. A current GWAS for nucleotide content in Korean native chicken reported asignificant relationship between the inosine content and the defined genomic region on chromosome 5 of chicken
on which the IGF2 gene is located. Therefore, this gene might be regarded as the potential candidate gene to
influence the inosine content in chicken. Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2) gene is a polypeptide hormone similar
to insulin and performs many functions, including growth and mediation of growth hormone action, amino acid,and use of glucose. The objective of the current study was to discover the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)of the IGF2 gene in Korean native chicken-red brown line (KNC-R line). After DNA extraction, SNPs werediscovered by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing methods. Results showed the presence of the SNP(rs315806609 A>G) in the 1st intron of the IGF2 gene, and a synonymous SNP (rs313810945 T>C) was detectedin the 3rd exon of the IGF2 Gene. These SNPs were also presented in the next-generation sequence (NGS) data of
the same line. Further studies using a big sample size of Korean native chicken is required for the association testof these SNPs with meat quality and growth traits in Korean native chickens in order to satisfy the current meat
consumer preferences.
Keywords: IGF2 gene, inosine content, Korean native chicken, single nucleotide polymorphism				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP18-2

Role of genetics in swine inflammationand necrosis syndrome
NG Leite1, EF Knol2, S Nuphaus2, R Vogelzang2 and D Lourenco1
1

2

University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA,
Topigs Norsvin Research Center, Beuningen, GE, Netherlands
nataliagaloro@uga.edu

We aimed to estimate the genetic relationship between swine inflammation and necrosis syndrome (SINS),postweaning skin damage (SKD), growth, and carcass traits. A total of 5,960 piglets were scored for SINS at birthand had their birth (BW) and weaning (WW) weight recorded. After weaning, piglets were evaluated for SKD,
carcass backfat (BF), and loin depth (LOD). Four multiple-trait animal models with combinations of SINS, SKD,
and an alternative production trait (i.e., BW, WW, LOD, BF) were used to access trait heritability and genetic
correlations. The direct heritabilities for SINS ranged from 0.15 to 0.24. The direct genetic correlation between
SINS and SKD ranged from 0.19 to 0.50, suggesting that piglets genetically more likely to present necrosis at birth
are also more likely to suffer from skin damage after weaning. The direct genetic relationship between SINS andearly growth traits (i.e., BW and WW) was negative (from -0.40 to -0.30), indicating that an increase in newborn
necrosis is also associated, at the piglet genetic level, with a reduction in piglets’ birth and weaning weights. For
carcass traits (i.e., BF and LOD), the direct effect of SINS was lowly or not significantly correlated, with estimatesranging from -0.16 to 0.05. Our study suggests that around 20% of SINS phenotypic variation is explained byadditive genetics and therefore reducing its incidence through genetic improvement is feasible. Selecting animals
genetically less prone to developing SINS is also expected to positively affect piglet genetics for heavier weaning
weight and reduce postweaning skin damage.
Keywords: pig, genetic selection, skin damage, SINS

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP18-3Single and multi-breed ssGBLUP using preselectedvariants from whole-genome sequence data in pigs
S Jang1, R Ros-Freixedes2,3, JM Hickey3, CY Chen4, W Herring4, I Misztal1 and D Lourenco1
1

University of Georgia, Athens, USA, 2University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain,3
Roslin Institute, Scotland, UK, 4Genus PIC, Hendersonville, USA
jsbng@uga.edu

Whole-genome sequence (WGS) data harbor millions of variants, possibly including causative variants thatprimarily affect the traits of interest. As WGS data are becoming available for many farm animal species, there isa question on whether this information can help increase the accuracy of genomic predictions (GP) beyond that
already achieved with SNP chips. Certainly, sequencing the entire population is still unfeasible; therefore, themost efficient approach is to sequence important animals and impute the sequence to other genotyped animals. We
investigated the impact of using preselected variants from sequence data in single-breed (SB) and multi-breed (MB)on genomic prediction using ssGBLUP. For SB, three terminal pig breeds were evaluated for five traits. These
three terminal breeds were combined for the MB analyses. The number of animals with sequence informationin SB ranged from 42k to 105k, depending on the breed, and was 206k in the MB. We examined three genotype
sets, namely, regular SNP chip, top markers in each 40k genomic window, and significant SNP based on GWAS
combined with the regular SNP chip. Maximum gains of 0.03 and 0.01 in accuracy were observed for SB and MB
with selected sequence variants. Using preselected variants from imputed WGS slightly improved the prediction
accuracy when selected from SB GWAS and used for SB predictions. However, almost no benefits were observedin MB. Overall, the benefits of using sequence information for SB and MB genomic predictions may still belimited even when information on many sequenced or imputed animals is available.
Keywords: sequence data, multi-breed, preselection of variants, GWAS, ssGBLUP				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l557

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP18-4

Identification of a missense variant in MC1R geneassociated with white coat color in Taiwan buffalo based ona genome-wide association study
PJ Hsin1, YT Chen2, CS Chang3, FY Lai1, PH Chuang2 and PH Wang1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
2
Hualien Animal Propagation Station, LRI-COA, Hualien, Taiwan, 3Department of
Animal Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
r10626006@ntu.edu.tw

Taiwan buffalo is classified as swamp buffalo. According to literature, swamp buffalo is usually gray, while
white swamp buffalo is prevalent up to 10% of some populations. With pigmented eyes, white swamp buffalo is
considered not to be albinism. A previous study has shown that the LINE-1 insertion in the ASIP gene of whiteswamp buffalo causes the white coat color. However, after sequencing 13 white Taiwan buffaloes in our preexperiment, no such insertion was found. The aim of this study was to investigate genes that determine white coatcolor in Taiwan buffalo. Blood samples were collected from 117 gray and 18 white Taiwan buffaloes in Hualien
Animal Propagation Station. Axiom™ Buffalo Genotyping Array (Thermo Fisher™) was used to analyze SNPs
associated with different coat color populations. The results showed the 14 most significant SNPs (p < 1 × 10-11), andthe related genes were identified. Six of the significant SNPs are close to the MC1R gene on buffalo chromosome
18. Therefore, the coding region of the MC1R gene was sequenced. A missense variant (MC1R c.901C>T) causing
an amino acid substitution (p.Arg301Cys) was detected. The results showed 17 white buffaloes homozygous forthe variant, one white and 39 gray buffaloes heterozygous for the variant, and 78 gray buffaloes homozygous forthe wild-type allele. The missense variant identified in this study may be responsible for the white coat color in
Taiwan buffalo, but other variants may exist. The clear genetic mechanism of the pigmentation in Taiwan buffalo
needs further studies.
Keywords: swamp buffalo, white coat color, MC1R gene, missense mutation

558

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP18-5

A profile study of exosomal miRNA from chickens
infected with influenza virus subtype H5N1JB Heo1, YJ Hong1 and AD Truong2 Jiae Lee1, Thi Hao Vu1, Sooyeon Lee1,
Ki‑Duk Song3, Hyun S. Lillehoj4 and Yeong Ho Hong1
1

Chung‑Ang University, Anseong, Korea, 2Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National
Institute of Veterinary Research, 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam, 3Department of
Animal Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju
54896, Republic of Korea, 4Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural ResearchServices, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
hgo1132000@naver.com

The objective of this article is to identify the profile of exosomal miRNA on AIV infection. Exosomes aremembrane vesicles containing proteins, lipids, DNA, mRNA, and micro RNA (miRNA). Exosomal miRNA canbe delivered from donor cell to recipient and modulate gene expression in the recipient cell. Ri chicken is divided
two group according to genotype of Mx and BF2: resistant (Mx/A; BF2/B21) and susceptible (Mx/G; BF2/B13).
Ri chickens were infected with H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV). The Serum from resistant
Ri chicken was extracted into exosome and used for small RNA sequencing. Sequencing data is analyzed using
FastQC v0.11.7, Cutadapt 1.16, miRBase v21, RNAcentral 10.0, miRDeep2. Differentially expressed miRNAs
were determined using using statistical methods, such as fold-change, exactTest using edgeR and hierarchicalclustering. Target gene of differentially expressed miRNAs was predicted using miRDB. Gene Ontology analysis
of target genes was performed using gProfiler. Twenty miRNAs had a significant difference in fold-change
between the infected and control groups. Nine miRNAs were up-regulated and 11 miRNAs were down-regulated.
In particular, miRNA targets gene were associated mainly with the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)
signaling pathway. Based on the qRT-PCR results for miRNAs, it is shown that miRNA expression is higher inresistant samples than in susceptibles, which matches the sequencing data. This study will help to provide insightof the host immune response, particularly exosomal miRNA expression against HPAIV H5N1 and could help todetermine biomarkers for disease resistance.
Keywords: H5N1, exosomes, small RNA sequencing, miRN

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP18-6

Exosomes derived from poly(I:C)-stimulated chicken
macrophages regulate the immune response
through NF-κB signaling pathway
SY Kang1, YJ Hong1, Vu Thi Hao1, SY Lee1, JB Heo1, S Lillehoj Hyun2 and YH Hong1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea,
2
Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Services,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
me14you@cau.ac.kr

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles released from most of cell types circulating in body fluids such as
blood, urine, and saliva. Exosomes contain lipid rafts, proteins, immune-regulatory molecules, and nucleic acids.
Exosomes play a key role in cell-to-cell communication. Exosomes transfer components like protein and genetic
materials to recipient cells and exosomes from immune cells can affect the immune response. Macrophages are oneof the antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that play important roles in the innate immune system. They recognize thedouble strand RNA (dsRNA) though Toll-like receptor 3 and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), then they activate transcription factors like nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB). In this study, we purified exosomes from chicken macrophages (HD11) after polyinosinic-polycytidylicacid (poly[I:C]) and transferred poly(I:C)-stimulated exosomes to HD11 and chicken T cells (CU91). Then weevaluated the immunomodulatory effects of exosomes derived from poly (I:C)-stimulated HD11. The expression oftype I IFNs, cytokines and chemokines in HD11 and CU91 cells were regulated by poly(I:C)-stimulated exosomes.
Furthermore, we investigated the phosphorylation of TAK1 and NF-κB1 by western blot, then we confirmedpoly(I:C)-stimulated exosomes can induce the NF-κB signaling pathway. When TLR3 recognize the dsRNA, TLR3
induces the activation of IRF2 and NF-κB that upregulate type I IFNs and proinflammatory cytokines, respectively.
Antiviral activity can be stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines including IFNs. Therefore, our study suggeststhat purified exosomes from chicken macrophages stimulated with viral dsRNA may stimulate the antiviral activity
by regulating the expression of type I IFNs and cytokines.
Keywords: exosome, poly(I:C), NF-κB signaling pathway, chicken

560

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP19-1

Artificial GIT model and in vivo study for effect ofxylanase supplement in swine diet
YT Jang1, YJ Kim1, HY Kim1, MA Park1, JM Ahn2, JO Moon1, SE Han1 and MH Song2
1

CJ Cheiljedang, Suwon, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
yt.jang@cj.net

The xylanase (XYL) can degrade the non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), a rigid grain cell wall structure. It
improves nutrient absorption and animal performance by NSP degradation. This study was conducted to confirm
the xylanase efficacy by using artificial GIT model in the CJ Application platform and in-vivo test. The artificial
GIT model is developed and automated to mimic digestive conditions in domestic animals. When wheat is used
as a substrate, XYL significantly improves DM digestibility and intestinal viscosity compared with wheat only.
For the in-vivo test, 120 pigs (28d of age, 8.04 ± 0.1kg BW) were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments ina randomized complete block design. The 4 treatments were corn-soy based diet (PC), PC + XYL 0.03% (T1),a wheat-DDGS based diet (NC), and NC + XYL 0.03% (T2). BW gain and feed intake were measured on 0 d,
14 d, and 28 d. On 28 d, all pigs were euthanized to obtain jejunal digesta for viscosity and jejunal mucosa for
immune status. The T2 increased the average daily gain (p < 0.05) and gained to feed ratio compared with NC.
Although T2 was wheat-DDGS based diet, average daily gain was similar to PC because of the XYL supplement.
T2 significantly decreased TNF-α (p < 0.01) and MDA (p <0.05) compared with NC. In conclusion, xylanase
effectively decomposes the NSP in digestion, improving growth performance, intestinal viscosity, and gut health inweaned pigs.
Keywords : xylanase, NSP, CJ application platform, digestibility, viscosity, weaned pigs, growth performance				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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OP19-2

Postbiotic Lactobacillus fermentate modulates mucosaassociated microbiota and enhance intestinal
health of nursery pigs challenged withenterotoxigenic F18+ Escherichia coli
Xiangyi Xu, Marcos E. Duarte and Sung Woo Kim
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
sungwoo_kim@ncsu.edu

This study determined the effects of Lactobacillus fermentate (LBF, LBiotix, Adare Biome, France) on mucosaassociated microbiota and intestinal health of pigs challenged with Enterotoxigenic F18+ Escherichia coli. Sixtyfour weaned pigs (6.6 ± 0.7 kg BW) were allotted in a RCBD to 4 dietary treatments: NC: no-challenge/nosupplement; PC: E. coli/no-supplement; AGP: E. coli/bacitracin (30 g/t feed); and PBT: E. coli/LBF (2 kg/t feed)
and fed diets for 28 d. At d 7, challenged groups were orally inoculated with ETEC (2.4 x 1010 CFU) and NC
received sterile solution. Growth performance was measured weekly and pigs were euthanized on d 28 to measure
jejunal mucosa for intestinal health and mucosa-associated microbiota. During post-challenge period, ADG of PC
tended to decrease (p = 0.067), whereas ADG of AGP increased (p < 0.05); ADG of PBT tended to increase (p =0.081). PC increased (p < 0.05) protein carbonyl, crypt cell proliferation, and Helicobacter rodentium. However,
AGP decreased (p < 0.05) crypt cell proliferation and Helicobacter spp.; and increased (p < 0.05) villus height,
Bifidobacterium boum, Pelomonas spp., and Microbacterium ginsengisoli. PBT reduced (p < 0.05) crypt cellproliferation and Helicobacter rodentium; and increased (p < 0.05) Lactobacillus salivarius and Propionibacterium
acnes. AGP and PBT increased (p < 0.05) the microbiota diversity. In conclusion, ETEC reduced growth
performance by adversely affecting microbiota and intestinal health. AGP and LBF improved growth performance,
diversity of beneficial microbiota which was related to improved intestinal health in pigs after E. coli F18+
challenge.
Keywords: Escherichia coli, intestinal health, Lactobacillus, newly weaned pigs, postbiotics

562

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Animal Science Congress

OP19-3The supplementary effect of Moringa oleifera leaf in thedrinking water on performance, digestive organ weights,
and abdominal fat of broilers in starter phase
S Hartini, PA Sinaga, N Inriani and DD Rahardjo
Faculty of Animal Science University of Papua, Manokwari, Indonesia
sri.hartini8877@gmail.com

Moringa oleifera leaf (MOL) is commonly used in broiler diets as feed additive but limited studies have been doneon the supplementary effect of MOL in drinking water. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of
supplementing MOL at different levels in the drinking water on performance, abdominal fat, and digestive organ
weights of broilers in starter phase. Varying levels of Moringa oleifera fresh leaves 25 g, 50 g, 75 g, respectively
were blended in 1 litre of water and were filtered to obtain Moringa oleifera leaf water (MOLW). A total of 168
broiler chicks straight run at three-days old was randomly distributed into 4 treatments with 7 replicates pertreatment. The MOLW was given for 3 weeks with a pattern of 3 days on and 2 days off. All broilers were fed
normal starter diet during the study. There were no significant differences on the average of feed consumption,body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, body weight, and digestive organ weights. The average of water
consumption was the highest (p ≤ 0.05) in birds given MOLW 75 g. The result on abdominal fat only tended to besignificant (p = 0,06). Birds given MOLW 25 g had the lowest abdominal fat. Conclusion: the inclusion of Moringa
oleifera leaf up to 75 g in the drinking water had no adverse effects on broilers starter performance and digestiveorgan weights. The abdominal fat of broilers starter tended to reduce with the inclusion of 25 g Moringa oleifera
leaf in the drinking water.
Keywords: abdominal fat, body weight, drinking water, Moringa oleifera leaf				

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OP19-4The dose-response of scopoletin-rich supplement on
growth performance, antioxidant activity, and meat
quality of Korean native broiler chickens
SangHun Ha1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, JunYoung Mun1,
Habeeb Tajudeen1, EunJu Cheong2 and JinSoo Kim1
1

Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University,
Chuncheon 24341, Korea, 2Department of Forest Environmental System,
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of dietary Sophora Koreensis (SK; 0, 10, 20, and 30 mg/
kg diet) as a scopoletin-rich supplement on the performance of native Korean chickens. A total of 312 chickens
with an average body weight of 914±26 g were divided between 4 treatments. The feed intake and feed conversion
ratio were linearly decreased as the SK level was increased in the diet. The linear and quadratic reductions ofabdominal were observed for abdominal fat, however, the relative weight of spleen (linear and quadratic), bursa of
Fabricius (linear and quadratic), and thyroid (quadratic) were increased as the supplementation of SK increased.
The linear increase of water holding capacity, sheer force, and pH of meat were observed, however, the cooking
loss was linearly reduced with the supplementation of SK. A lower concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA,
linear) and a higher concentration of superoxide dismutase (SOD, linear and quadratic), and total antioxidant
capacity (linear and quadratic) were observed in the serum. In addition, a lower concentration of MDA (linear) anda higher concentration of SOD (linear), and total antioxidant capacity (linear and quadratic) were observed in theleg muscle. The SK-supplemented treatments showed a higher 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate-reducing activity(ABTS+) in the serum compared with the non-supplemented treatment. The ABTS+ in the leg muscle was increased
in 20 and 30 mg SK-Supplemented treatments compared with the 0 and 10. In conclusion, SK supplementation
reduced oxidative stress and increased the meat quality and antioxidant status of chickens.
Keywords: broilers, stress, welfare, corticosterone564

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP19-5

Effect of standardized ileal digestible Lys-to-ME
ratios in broilers fed low crude protein,amino acid-supplemented diets
RG De Gula-Barrion, AB Magarro, KRC Sernande and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
roxanne.dgbarrion@cj.net

An experiment was conducted to determine the optimal standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine-to-ME ratios in
broilers fed low CP, amino acid-supplemented diets. A total of 1,600 Cobb 500 broilers were randomly distributed
to 1 of 10 dietary treatments using a completely randomized block design. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 5
factorial with CP level (standard vs. low) and five increments of SID Lys:ME ratios in diets fed to each feeding
phase. Each treatment had 16 replicates with 10 birds in each replicate. Results indicate that SID Lys:ME in
broilers fed diets containing standard CP that maximized BWG and F/G were 4.30, 3.90, and 3.30 g/Mcal in day
0 to 10, 11 to 24, and 25 to 35, respectively. For broilers fed low CP diets, maximum BWG and F/G was achieved
when SID Lys:ME was 4.90, 4.20, and 3.60 g/Mcal, in day 0 to 10, 11 to 24, and 25 to 35, respectively. Excreta
nitrogen and moisture were reduced (p < 0.05) with birds fed low CP diets. Breast muscle yield in broilers fed
low CP diets were not significantly different when fed 0.6 g/Mcal greater than those fed standard CP diets. In
conclusion, broilers fed low CP, amino acid-supplemented diets had poorer production performance and breast
muscle yield than those fed standard CP diets, but attained the same when fed greater SID Lys:ME.
Keywords: low crude protein, lysine-to-energy, amino acids, broilers

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OP19-6

Nutrition value of added mealworm (Tenebrio molitor)
on organic broiler feed
S Chalorsuntisakul and C Kasornpikul
Silpakorn University, Petcha Buri, Thailand
kasornpikul_c@silpakorn.edu

On organic poultry farms, organic protein sources are rare. Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) are the larvae of beetles,
be food sources for many animals, and can be reared organically. This research aims to supplement mealworms inorganic broiler feed for increasing their nutritional value. Organic broiler feed was added with 5, 10, and 15% dry
and ground mealworms. Proximate analysis of nutrition value that was Gross energy, Dry matter, Crude fat, Crude
fiber, and crude protein was done. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and compared mean by Tukey's
multiple comparison test using the R program. The results found that mealworms had a Gross energy of 5,736.12 +3,673.16 calories per gram, Dry matter was 92.10 + 0.006%, Crude fat was 41.82 + 0.40%, Crude fiber was 14.44+ 0.06%, and Crude protein was 55.68 + 0.02%. A feed with 5% added mealworms had % crude protein increased
significantly different when compared with non-supplemented feed. All nutrition value was increased according to
the number of mealworms, 10% and 15% added were significant differences (p < 0.01). In conclusion, if organic
raw material sources of protein or fat cannot be obtained, mealworms can be substituted for protein or fat sources.
The suggestion for future experiments may reduce the amount of protein source, and substitute mealworms for the
next proper nutritional value for the organic broiler.
Keywords: organic, mealworms, broiler feed566

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP20-1

Effect of dietary rumen-undegradable protein level on
nitrogen metabolism in Hanwoo steers
SY Kim1, R Bharanidharan2, SY Im1, KH Kim2, JP Oh3 and M Baik1
1

Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea,
3
Cargill Agri Purina, Inc., Seongnam, Korea
ksy3773@snu.ac.kr

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary rumen undegradable protein (RUP) level on nitrogen(N) metabolism and rumen and blood parameters in Hanwoo steers. Eight Hanwoo steers (average 393 kg BW)
were allocated to two groups and were fed a commercial concentrate with either high RUP (46.9 % crude protein[CP]) or low RUP (30.6% CP) level in a 2 × 2 Latin square design for two successive periods. The RUP level
was increased by adding fermented-heated soybean meal (SoELAB Pass) in the concentrate. High RUP group
had lower (p < 0.05) ruminal ammonia and plasma urea N concentrations than low RUP group. High RUP groupexhibited lower urinary N (p < 0.05), lower tendency of the total N excretion (p < 0.10), and higher tendency of
the retained N percentage of N intake (p < 0.1) than low RUP group. Lower tendency of urinary N proportion
but higher tendency of fecal N proportion per total N excretion were observed (p = 0.055) in high RUP groupcompared to low RUP group. In conclusion, high dietary RUP may improve the efficiency of N utilization by
reducing N excretion in urine, which may be favorable for environment, as N emission and leaching potentials canbe reduced.
Keywords: dietary rumen undegradable protein, fermented-heated soybean meal, nitrogen metabolism, nitrogenexcretion

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OP20-2Growth performance and nutrient digestibility in lambs
supplemented with dried brewer’s spent grain
SVM Valdez1,2, AA Angeles2, AA Rayos2, FE Merca2,
NA Del Rosario1, JB Poblete2 and JJD Manlapig1
1

Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Philippines,
2
University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Philippines
svmvaldez@clsu.edu.phBrewer’s spent grain (BSG) is a by-product of the brewing industry which could be incorporated into the feeds ofanimals as a cheap source of protein, energy, and fiber. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of
supplementing dried BSG on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in lambs. Eighteen crossbred Dorper
lambs with initial bodyweight of 16.64 ± 1.64 kgs at 4 to 5 months of age were randomly allotted to one of three
dietary treatments, with 0%, 10%, or 20% dried BSG supplementation, following a randomized complete block
design with initial weight as the blocking factor. All the data gathered were analyzed using one-way analysis ofvariance. Linear and quadratic trends were also tested. The result showed that supplementation of dried BSG
resulted in significant increase in apparent organic matter digestibility (p = 0.01). However, increasing levels ofdried BSG resulted in decreased neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and acid detergent lignin digestibility (p< 0.05). In conclusion, dried BSG can be supplemented to lambs up to 20% without affecting growth performance.
Keywords: lamb, brewer’s spent grain, growth, digestibility, nutrition

568

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP20-3

Synchrotron-based technology as a novel approach forfeed science and animal nutrition research
Peiqiang Yu
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresouces,
University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8 Canada
peiqiang.yu@usask.ca

Novel research ideas and novel research tools play a significant role in advances in feed science and animal
nutrition research. Recently, advanced synchrotron radiation-based technique has been developed as a rapid andnon-destructive and bioanalytical technique. This cutting-edge bioanalytical technology, taking advantages ofextreme synchrotron light brightness, is capable of exploring tissue molecular chemistry, molecular structure
without destruction inherent structures at ultra-high spatial resolutions. In this presentation, the novel approach is
introduced to feed and animal scientists to show the great potential of the advanced synchrotron-based analyticaltechnology, which can be used to study feed molecular structure profiles and molecular structure changes inducedby various feed processing and treatments in relation to nutrient utilization and availability in animals. It shows thatthe cutting-edge synchrotron-based technology is making contributions to advances in feed science and nutrition
research.
Keywords: feed structure and molecular nutrition, synchrotron application, feed technology, nutrient utilization andavailability				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l569

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP20-4

In vitro evaluation of low moisture feed licks
on ruminal foam properties
Chernet Woju1, Vinod Suresh1, Mark Oliver2,3, Jagir Hussan1,
Amanda Chow1 and Aliah Natasha Abdul1
1

Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, 2Liggins Institute,
University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, 3Ngapouri Research Farm Laboratory,
University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealandcwoj805@aucklanduni.ac.nz

Stable ruminal foam formation is considered a primary cause for the onset of frothy bloat in ruminants. This study
evaluated the effect of low moisture feed licks (LMFLs) supplementation on in vitro ruminal foam formation and strength
in alfalfa, white clover, ryegrass and Lucerne pellet. We hypothesised that LMFLs decrease foam volume & stability as
an emulsifier. 20 gm of forages were incubated in an incubation medium at a 39℃ water bath in the presence/absenceof 1 gm of LMFLs (i.e. Cattle booster and extra high energy). 100 mL broth from each treatment was transferred into
a 1 L sintered plastic flask and bubbled with 0.5LPM CO2 gas for two minutes. The rise in foam height (mL) and thetime (minutes) lapsed for the foam to collapse to its original fluid volume were used as an index of foam formation andstrength, respectively. The surface tension of each treatment was measured (dyne/cm) as per the Du Noüy ring method
using a tensiometer. LMFLs supplementation significantly(p < 0.05) decreased the in vitro ruminal foam volume forall experimental forages. However, the agent's extra highenergy version was more effective (p < 0.001) than the
cattle booster form. The LMFLs were highly significant(p < 0.05) in breaking stable foam in alfalfa and whiteclover than the other two forages. Furthermore, LMFLs
addition significantly (p < 0.001) decreased the surface
tension of fresh rumen liquor by >60%. We conclude thatthe sugar-ester compound in the LMFLs contributed tothe decrease in surface tension, thereby lowering ruminal
foam formation in vitro.
Keywords: foam volume, foam strength, low-moisture
feed-lick, surface tension

570

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP20-5

Effect of microwave treated forage hays on sheep intake,digestion, nitrogen partitioning and metabolism
Shishir Md Safiqur Rahaman1,2, Cullen Brendan3, Brodie Graham1,
Zhong Rongzhen4 and Cheng Long1
1

Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Dookie Campus,
VIC 3647, Australia, 2Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University,
Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh, 3Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences,
The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia, 4Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory ofGrassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130102 China
mshishir@student.unimelbe.edu.au
Microwave (MW) treatment has been suggested to have the potential to improve forage hays' nutritive value and sheep
growth performance. However, the extent to which the MW treated forage hay affects apparent digestibility and nitrogen(N) partitioning is not documented. The objective of this study was to examine the potential to use MW as a novel thermal
treatment to improve forage hay intake, digestibility, nitrogen (N) utilisation and live weight gain of sheep. Twenty-fourmerino sheep (18 months of age, 42 ± 2 kg initial body weight) were randomly divided into four dietary treatments: Control
lucerne hay, MW treated lucerne hay, Control wheat hay, and MW treated wheat hay with six sheep replicates/treatment. Feed,faeces, urine, and blood plasma samples were collected. The higher dry matter (DM) intake and estimated live weight gain
were observed in MW treated lucerne vs. Control. The MW treated lucerne hay had 8%, 8%, 16% and 10% higher digestibilityof DM, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre and N than Control (p < 0.001), respectively. A positive effect of MW treatment
was observed on N retention (p = 0.037) and microbial N
synthesis (p = 0.047) of lucerne hay. In contrast, limited
effect of MW treatment on wheat hay. SEM images of
MW treated forage hay evident a clear cell microstructure
destruction (p < 0.001) due to MW treatment in lucerne
hay. The result provided first-hand data to quantify the MW
treatment effect on hay quality and sheep performance,
explaining potential mechanisms underpinning the observedchanges.
Keywords: forage hay, digestibility, nitrogen balance,
thermal heating

Figure 1. Scanning electron microscope images of (a) untreated lucerne
hay, (b) MW treated lucerne hay, (c) untreated wheat hay, and (d) MW
treated wheat hay, respectively, at 5,000× magnification level.

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP21-1Comparison of exosomal miRNA profiling reveals infection
mechanisms for different virulent types of PRRSV in BALF
YJ Seo and JM Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
tjdudwns201@cau.ac.kr

Exosomes are small membrane-enclosed vesicles produced by cells and released into the extracellular space.
Previous studies suggest that these vesicles encapsulate genetic materials, viral protein, or even messenger RNA(mRNA) and microRNA (miRNA). Among these contents, miRNA has function that represses target mRNA.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is causing failures of reproductive system in sowsand respiratory disables in pigs. In recent years, a lot of research revealed that PRRSV infection may promote
exosome release and miRNA could be a potential biomarker for PRRSV. Therefore, we profiled exosomal miRNA
from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) to provide comprehensive understanding of mechanisms for several
types of PRRSV. A total of 40 pigs were divided and raised by injecting each type of PRRSV (negative control,
JA142, NA8, NA10). then, pigs were sacrificed for extracting exosomal small RNA in each time point (3, 7, 14, 21
dpi). Overall all types of PRRSV, pathways associated with cancer, and infection-related signaling pathways wererevealed from functional annotation analysis using predicted target genes which are repressed by differentiallyexpressed miRNA. However, there was a difference in participating genes. For example, HSP90AA1, and HHIP
were repressed which is related to hedgehog signaling pathways in JA142. On the other hand, at NA10, estrogensignaling pathway-related genes were repressed such as PPARD and ZBTB16 which were reported that has
influenced pulmonary fibrosis. Overall, we provided the potential exosomal function in PRRSV infected swine byeach type and identified candidate biomarkers for diagnosing specific types of PRRSV.
Keywords: pig, exosome, miRNA, functional genomics

572

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP21-2A postbiotic consisting of heat-inactivated Lactobacilli andtheir metabolites from spent fermentation medium reduces
diarrhea and improves performance in weaned piglets
compared to zinc oxide
Erik Eckhardt, Sergio Della Zassa and Philippe Tacon
Adare Biome SA, Route de Bu, 78550, Houdan, France
Weaned piglets are susceptible to diarrhea. Preliminary studies showed that a heat-killed Lactobacilli postbiotic(“LB”) significantly reduced diarrhea and mortality after a challenge with F4-positive ETEC. The objectives of thepresent studies were to test LB in a facility at risk for natural ETEC outbreaks in comparison with ZnO, of whichusage has come under pressure.
Piglets, weaned at 4 weeks, were block randomized over 4 treatments with 8 pens of 6 animals each. Animals were
fed for 42 days and were supplemented either with nothing (negative controls; NC), 2,500 ppm ZnO (positive
controls; PC) or with 20g/ton LB (both were added for 42 days). Bodyweights and feed intake were assessed per
pen while diarrhea was scored individually.
During the first 14 days post weaning, all animals had one episode of diarrhea (score >0), which lasted on average
9.52 days in NC; 7.75 days in ZnO; and 6.98 days in LB animals. ZnO improved feed conversion by 3.4% vs NC(NS) and LB by 4.5% vs NC (p < 0.05). Over the 42-day study period, ZnO numerically improved ADG by 1.4%
and LB by 4.0%. Values for feed conversion rate vs controls were -1,9% and -2,6%, respectively. During the entire
study, ZnO reduced diarrhea duration by 12.5%, LB by 15.7%.
This performance trial in farm conditions showed that the postbiotic LB was able to reduce diarrhea and improve
productivity as well as a medicinal dose of ZnO. Lactobacillus-based postbiotic promises an alternative to Zinc
Oxide in prevention of diarrhea in weaned piglets.

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OP21-3

Influence of sodium acetate and sodium butyrate ontight junction barrier and antimicrobial component
production in goat mammary glands
Yusaku Tsugami, Takahiro Nii and Naoki Isobe
Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama
Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japanytsugami@hiroshima-u.ac.jp

In mammary glands, formation of less-permeable tight junctions (TJs) and production of antimicrobial components
are important for preventing mastitis. Short-chain fatty acids, such as acetate and butyrate, activate TJ barrier
function and antimicrobial component production in the intestine. However, their effects on mammary glands
remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of sodium acetate and sodium butyrate on TJs andantimicrobial components in mammary glands. For in vitro experiment, isolated primary mammary epithelial
cells (MECs) from lactating Tokara goats were cultured with either sodium acetate or sodium butyrate. For invivo experiment, 5 mL of 5 mM sodium acetate or sodium butyrate in saline was infused through teat of lactating
Tokara goats. Our results showed that butyrate enhanced the production of β-defensin-1 and S100A7 in MECs.
Additionally, the infusion of butyrate also enhanced β-defensin-1 and S100A7 concentrations in milk. Acetate
didn’t affect the production of antimicrobial components in MECs, but infusion of acetate increased concentrationsof β-defensin-1 and S100A7 in milk. The infusion of acetate and butyrate didn’t affect somatic cell counts andNa+ concentrations in milk, which are indicators of TJ barrier function in mammary glands. However, additionof butyrate into medium at lower chamber of insert significantly decreased TJ barrier function in cultured MECs.
These findings suggest that acetate and butyrate upregulate antimicrobial component production in mammary
glands, but butyrate adversely affect TJ barrier function.
Keywords: antimicrobial component, mammary gland, short-chain fatty acid, tight junction574

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP21-4In silico analysis of potential inhibitors against cysteine
protease S273R (pS273R) of the African swine fever virus
LCJ Arcedo1, CMT Ravidas1, AA Angeles2 and AB Hizon-Fradejas1
1Institute of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños,
Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines, 2Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food
Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
ljarcedo@up.edu.ph

The African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of the African swine fever which is a devastating
disease of high lethality that has resulted in a loss of three million heads in the Philippine swine population. The
ASFV protease, cysteine protease S273R, which is involved in the processing of ASFV polyproteins pp220 and
pp62, is the target for selected compounds with possible inhibitory activity. The purpose of this study was toanalyze the inhibitory action of E-64, leupeptin, MG132, andrographolide, casticin, and quercetin to cysteine
protease S273R of the African swine fever virus by computational docking analysis. The structure of the moleculartarget cysteine protease S273R was generated by homology modeling with a protein sequence (GenBank Accession
number: QST87193.1) and a template of the crystal structure of the ASFV pS273R (PDB ID: 6LJB_A) obtained
from the PDB database. E-64, which was found to exhibit inhibitory activity against the ASFV pS237R throughmolecular docking and in vitro enzyme activity inhibition assays, was used as the standard for computational
docking analysis performed by AutoDock Vina based on scoring functions. Andrographolide and quercetin showedfavorable binding interactions and a binding affinity of -5.8 kcal/mol and -6.2 kcal/mol, respectively, as comparedto the standard (-6.5 kcal/mol). The results suggested that andrographolide and quercetin could be potential drugs
to treat the African swine fever.
Keywords: African swine fever, binding affinity, molecular docking, potential drugs

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OP21-5

New phytogenic anti-coccidial agent reduced
Eimeria sporozoites infection and enhanced
prevention against avian coccidiosis
KY Son1, JP Chae1, MA Park1, JO Moon1, JC Kim1, WG Min2 and SE Han1
1

CJ Cheiljedang, Suwon, Korea, 2Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
kyuyeol.son@cj.net

Coccidiosis is a major parasitic disease in poultry industry caused by several species of the genus Eimeria. Anticoccidial drugs have used globally to control avian coccidiosis. However, long-term use of the anti-coccidial
drugs negatively effect on growing resistance and reducing sensitivity of Eimeria to chemotherapeutic agent. At
present, alternative control methods for coccidiosis have been explored because the drawbacks such as vaccineinduced coccidiosis, drug resistance, and residual drug accumulation in the chicken meat and egg. In order tofind alternative safe anti-coccidial materials, 650 candidate natural substances were evaluated about effectivenessof feed materials for animal nutrition and health using the CJ Application Platform. As a result, 17 phytogenic
compounds significantly reduced the viability, cell invasion and merozoites proliferation of Eimeria acervulina,
tenella, and maxima sporozoites compared with negative control and anti-coccidial drugs. These substances were
tested effect of coccidia challenge in broiler, and the most effective substances were selected in aspect of themortality rate, clinical symptoms, and oocyst discharge. In coccidia-infected commercial broiler farm (40,000
Ross, chronic infected Eimeria acervulina, tenella, maxima), one-day-old broiler chickens were fed with selected
CJ phytogenic anti-coccidial agent at 0.001% of diet until slaughter. Consequently, FCR decreased by 15% from1.57 to 1.36, intestinal lesion score decreased from 3.0 to 0.5(p < 0.05). Also, the broiler farm profit increased by
148% (26 million won → 39 million won). CJ CheilJedang’s new natural anti-coccidial agent is a sustainable andeco-friendly product that is expected to contribute to the economic benefits of the poultry industry.
Keyword: coccidiosis, anticoccidial assay, phytogenic, avian

576

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP22-1

Effect of environmental enrichment devices on growth
performance and feather quality in White Roman goslings
CP Wu1, QZ Lin1, JH Lin2, HT Hong3 and JM Li1
1

Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan, 2Goose Association
Republic of China, Yunlin, Taiwan, 3Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan
scottqwertyuiop@gmail.com

The welfare of farm animals has become increasingly important in recent years. Due to epidemic prevention andbiosecurity, the waterfowl housing system in Taiwan is gradual change to non-open feeding that may result in highstocking density and monotonous environment. Moreover, this feeding method also raises the feather pecking
behavior and reduces growth performance and welfare in goslings. The aim of this present study was evaluatedthe effect of environmental enrichment devices (EED) on growth performance and feather quality in White Roman
goslings. 600 one-day-old White Roman goslings were randomly allocated to control (CON-no EED) and three
types of EED (TF-turkey feather, SW-sheep wool, and HAY-hay) groups for evaluating the growth performanceand feather quality during 1-21 days of age. The results showed that there were no significant differences on feedintake and body weight gain among the groups. However, the feather scores (FS) of TF and HAY groups weresignificantly better than that of SW and CON groups. In conclusion, adding EED in goslings can effectively
decrease the feather pecking and improve the feather quality, but not affect the growth performance until 21-daysof age.
Keywords: environmental enrichment devices, gosling, feather, welfare				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

577

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP22-2

Methyl anthranilate as pig repellent: effects on the feeding
behavior and production performance
KMB Ampode1, HS Mun1,2, V Chem1, IB Chung1, S Mahfuz1,
MA Dilawar1,3, YH Kim4 and CJ Yang1,31

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 3Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 plus),
Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio
Convergence System (BK21 plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
ampodekeivenmark@gmail.com

Preventing pigs such as wild pigs (Sus scrofa) from accessing the farm can be blocked by installing fences orrepellent to make them feel reluctant to access the farm. Most wild pigs were captured to prevent crop damage
and African swine fever (ASF). Still, there is a limit to capturing due to the rapid population growth. A study
was conducted using "To Nature" repellent with an active ingredient of Methyl anthranilate (MA) to assess theeffectiveness of MA as pig repellent and determine its effect on feeding behavior and production performance. A
total of eight female pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) were randomly arranged and used in the experiment forfive weeks. Each treatment was performed quadruplicate having one pig in every replication. The feeders' position
with MA repellent was shifted weekly with a ratio of 0.1% and 0.25% and mixed with 10kg of feed, respectively.
The number of approaches of pigs to the feeder was monitored daily using a full HD CCTV 5-megapixel camera.
The results revealed a lower number of approaches (p < 0.05) to the feeders with MA repellent, and 0.00 kg feedintake (p < 0.05) was recorded from the feeder with 0.25% MA repellent mixed in the diet. Linear regression
analysis revealed a significant relationship between the number of approaches and feed intake of pigs in the feeder
with repellent in the diet. Therefore, 0.25% MA repellent can be used as pig repellent without adverse effects on
the production performance of growing pigs.
Keywords: pig repellent, feeding approach, growth performance, feed intake

578

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP22-3

Prepartum nest-building and postpartum nursing
behavior in sows: comparison between
hyperprolific and non-hyperprolific
JH Lee, HU Shin, JS Kim, HL Jeon and J Yun
Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
wngh6541@jnu.ac.kr

Hyperprolific sows produce more piglets than their functional teats, which causes insufficient lactation
performance. Prepartum nest-building behavior of the sows stimulates secretions of lactational hormones such as
prolactin and oxytocin that can lead to development of mammary gland. This study aims at comparing prepartum
nest-building behavior (NB) and postpartum nursing behavior between hyperprolific and non-hyperprolific sows.
Twenty-eight first parity sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) were used in this study. On day 30 of pregnancy, sows weremoved to group housing system during gestation. Thereafter, they were transported to free farrowing system 7 days
before parturition. We classified the group with non-hyperprolific sows that farrowed less than 14 piglets (average
10.0 ± 0.91, n = 12), and hyperprolific sows that farrowed more than 15 piglets (average 15.8 ± 1.02, n = 16). All
the sows were video-recorded for monitoring prepartum NB during 24 hours before the initiation of parturitionand nursing behavior for 24 hours at 3 days after parturition. Hyperprolific sows showed a shorter duration of
prepartum NB compared to non-hyperprolific sows (192.6 ± 3.6; 296.6 ± 5.0 min, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, thesuccessful nursing duration was shorter in hyperprolifc sows (120.0 ± 2.9; 172 ± 4.0 min, p < 0.0001). We found astrong correlation between prepartum NB and postpartum successful nursing in the non-hyperprolific sows (r = 0.70,
p = 0.02), whereas the correlation was not found in the hyperprolific sows (r = 0.01, p = 0.98). In conclusion, NB
was short and did not affect nursing behavior in hyperprolific sows. Further Studies are therefore needed to identify
factors affecting prepartum NB and postpartum nursing behavior in hyperprolific sows.

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OP22-4

Effect of pre-slaughter pig transport condition on
animal welfare and meat quality
YJ Kim, HJ Oh, SY Chang, JW An, YB Go, DC Song,HA Cho, SH Park, KH Jeon and JH Cho
Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
xormakzm@naver.com

This study investigated the effects of weather conditions and loading density on welfare and meat quality of pigs
during pre-slaughter transport. A total of 3726 finishing pigs were assigned to one of nine groups arranged in a 3
× 3 factorial design according to the weather conditions (low temperature (LT), under 10℃; normal temperature(NT), 10~24°C; high temperature (HT), upper 24°C), and loading density (low density (LD), upper 0.43 m2/100
kg; normal density (ND), 0.37~0.43 m2/100 kg; high density (HD), under 0.37 m2/100 kg). In meat quality, theHD transport showed lower pH and higher drip loss, L* value compared the ND transport. The incidence rate ofpale, soft, exudative (PSE) pork was high in the order of the HD, LD, and the ND transport (20%, 9%, and 2%,
respectively). In weather condition, the HT transport showed lowest pH and highest L* value. Pigs transport underthe HTHD and LTLD showed highest incidence rate of PSE pork (40% and 20%, respectively). The behavior ofpigs exposed at the HD transport showed lowest lying time, and highest aggression behavior. Aggression behavior
showed lowest at the NT transport pigs. Pigs transport under the HTHD showed highest aggression behavior. The
LDLT transport pigs showed lower lying time compared to the LDNT and the LDHT transport. In conclusion,transport of too high or low density is generally not good for meat quality and animal welfare, but it is desirable totransport at a slightly lower density at high temperatures and at a higher density at low temperatures.
Keywords: welfare, meat quality, transport, loading density

580

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Animal Science Congress

OP22-5

Stimulating prepartum nest-building behavior byprovision of sling belt improves the farrowing
process of the sows in the crate
JH Lee1, YH Kim1, HL Jeon1, JS Kim1, HI Choi1, KW Kang2, JW Kang2 and J Yun1
1

Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea,
2
Swine Research Center, Sunjin R&D Institute, Sunjin Co., Ltd., Korea
wngh6541@jnu.ac.kr

Our companion study (by jeon et al., 2022) has demonstrated that crated sows showed an increase in prepartum
nesting-building (NB) behavior when the sling belt and cotton towels were given as nesting materials. We therefore
expected that these provisions to sows even with the crating system could improve farrowing process, possibly
through an increase in circulating oxytocin levels of the sows during farrowing. Twenty-nine purebred sows (19L
and 10Y) and their piglets were used in this study. One week before parturition, all the sows were confined in the
farrowing crate (0.8 × 2.0 m) and allocated to three groups: C) n = 9, control group with no nesting material, s) n
= 9, provision of sling belt (hanging horizontally in front of trough), ST) n = 11, provision of sling belt + cotton
towel. Duration of farrowing and birth to udder touch by piglets (BUT) were determined by video observation.
Litter size (Means ± SEM for the number of total and still born; C = 16.7 ± 1.7, 1.7 ± 0.8, S = 15.8 ± 1.7, 2.7 ± 1.1,
ST=15.7 ± 1.6, 1.9 ± 0.8, p = 0.73, p = 0.38, respectively) and BUT did not differ between the groups. The Pearson
correlation coefficient showed that prepartum NB behavior tended to have a negative correlation with farrowing
duration (r = -0.32, p = 0.06), but, had no significant correlation with BUT (p = 0.69). The present results may
therefore suggest that the provision of sling belts as nesting materials can improve the farrowing process of thecrated sows. However, a further study will be needed to demonstrate the effect of the provision of sling belts on
BUT, which could be related to postural changes of the crated sows.
Keywords: sow welfare, purebred sows, nest-building, hyperprolific sows				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

581

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OP22-6

Correlation of animal-based parameters withenvironment-based parameters in an on-farmwelfare assessment of growing pigs
HJ Kang1, SE Bae2 and H Lee1
1

Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
animalwelfare@snu.ac.kr

Nine pig farms were evaluated for the welfare quality in South Korea using animal- and environment-based
parameters (particularly air quality parameters) during the winter of 2013. The Welfare Quality® (WQ®) protocol
consists of 12 criteria within four principles. Each of these criteria has specific measures for calculating scores.
Calculations for the welfare scores were conducted online using the calculation model in the WQ® protocol.
Environment-based parameters like microclimate (i.e., temperature, relative humidity, air speed, and particulatematter), bacteria (total airborne bacteria, airborne total coliform, and airborne total e. coli), concentration of gases(carbon dioxide, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide) were measured. Correlations between the results of animaland environment-based parameters were estimated using spearman correlation coefficient. In the result of theenvironment aspect, the relative humidity of three farms was much higher than the recommended maximum
relative humidity of 80%, and four out of the nine farms had ammonia concentrations greater than 40 ppm.
Ammonia had negative correlations with ‘positive social behaviors’ and positive emotional states: content,
enjoying, sociable, playful, lively, happy and it had positive correlations with negative emotional states: aimless,distressed. The concentration of carbon dioxide had negative correlations with positive emotional states; calm,
sociable, playful, happy and it had a positive correlation with negative emotional state; aimless. Our results
indicate that the control of the environment for growing pigs can help improve their welfare, particularly via good
air quality (carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide).
Keywords: farm animal welfare, Welfare Quality®, animal-based parameters, environment-based parameters582

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP23-2

Immunomodulatory effects of structured water on murine
lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages
JF Dela Cruz1,2, GW Bahng3, YT Kim4, LA Pratidina2 and SG Hwang2
1

College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines, 2Departmentof Animal Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea,
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, Korea,
4
HO32 Co., Ltd, 40-8, 257-Beon Na-Gil, Dongtankiheung-Ro, Hwaseong, Korea
jfdelacruz@up.edu.ph

The focus of this study is on an exciting new field in water science; structured water. Also known as the
fourth phase of water, structured water has a molecular structure that is arranged similar to a liquid crystal.
The importance of water in general, and structured water in particular, still remains underappreciated andunderestimated in the field of animal biotechnology. Many studies have reported on the beneficial effects ofstructured water in cell culture and animal model. In the present study, structured water was produced using
rotating magnetic field by HO32 ltd., and confirmed to have antioxidant property. In order to investigate effectsof structured water on immune modulation, peritoneal macrophages and splenocytes from BALB/c mice wereisolated and cultured in RPMI1640 media prepared with or without structured water. Our results demonstrated
that structured water significantly promoted lymphocyte proliferation with or without mitogen stimulation. NKcell activity against effector (YAC-1) cells was significantly enhanced by structured water. Phagocytic activity of
peritoneal macrophages cultured in structured water were also increased. Structured water significantly stimulated
the mRNA and protein expression levels of immune-associated genes including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-4,
IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). These results demonstrated that structured water
could enhance the immunomodulatory activity of immune cells and stimulate macrophage phagocytic activity inmice.
Keywords: structured water, immunomodulation, lymphocytes, macrophages

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

583

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP23-3

Effects of heat stress exposure on
porcine muscle satellite cells
JR Park1, JE Lee2, DR Kang1 and KS Shim1,2
1

Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Department ofAgricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
wlsfyd1321@naver.com

In the livestock industry, an increase in environmental temperature causes heat stress, which leads to a decrease inproductivity and negatively affects animal welfare. The main factor of the decrease in productivity by heat stressis the decrease in feed intake efficiency, but the effect by physiological changes in muscle tissue and cells is also
important. In this study, we isolated porcine muscle satellite cell (PMSCs) from 1-day-old piglet`s femur, andcultured them under three temperature conditions: control group; 37℃, heat exposure groups; 39℃ and 41℃. Heat
stress exposure not only decreased the viability and proliferation rates of PMSCs, but also regulated the cell cycle
and induced apoptosis. High temperature culture conditions decreased the expression of pax7, a proliferation andmaintenance marker of muscle satellite cells, while increased the expression of MyoG, a differentiation marker,
and promoted myotube formation in the early stage of differentiation induction. In addition, it was confirmedthat the protein and gene expression of several HSPs in PMSCs increased due to the heat treatment effect. In
conclusion, the increase in HSPs expression by heat stress induces cell cycle arrest of PMSCs, thereby reducing theproliferation rate. In addition, high-temperature culture conditions promote the formation of myotubes at the earlystage of differentiation of PMSCs without additives, which can help muscle regeneration.
Keywords: porcine muscle satellite cell, heat stress, heat shock protein, differentiation584

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP23-4

Effects of heat shock protein gene polymorphisms onmeat performance, some physiological andbiochemical parameters of blood in local
chickens in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
NTK Khang1, TMS Ngo1, TP Le1 and T Massashi2
1

Can Tho University, Can Tho, Viet Nam
Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan2

ntkkhang@ctu.edu.vn

Background: One of the solutions to sustainable livestock production in the face of the impact of climate change due
to increasing environmental temperatures, especially in the Mekong Delta, is genetic improvement of heat-resistant
livestock. The use of molecular markers, the heat shock protein gene families, has been introduced.
Objective: to evaluate the effects of HSP70 and HSP90β gene polymorphisms on blood physiology, biochemistry
response and meat performance of Vietnamese local Noi chickens.
Materials and methods: A total of 249 Noi crossbred chickens at 13 weeks old, and each 10 Ac chickens and Tre
chickens at were slaughtered for carcass evaluation and blood was collected for physiological and biochemicalevaluation. 15 blood physiological parameters were measured, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and
Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH–Px) activities were detemined by using detection kits according to the manufacturers’
protocols. Polymorphisms of the HSP70's 360bp amplification length and the HSP90β's 498bp amplification length withrestriction enzymes TaqI and MspI were analyzed.
Results: In Noi crossbred chickens, two genotypes were found, AA (0.45) and AC (0.55) for the HSP70/TaqI gene, andM1M1 (0.93) and M1M2 (0.07) for HSP90β/MspI while in other breeds, Tre and Ac chickens found only one genotype,AA and M1M1, respectively. The AA genotype (31.59%) of the Noi chicken had a significantly lower HCT than the
AC genotype (43.26%) (p = 0.02). AC and M1M1 genotypes of both HSP70 and HSP90β with CAT, SOD and GSH-Px
activities tended to be higher than AA and M1M2 genotypes (p > 0.05). No significant association was found between
HPS70, HSP90β SNPs and meat parameters of Noi crossbred chicken (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: The AC and M1M1 genotypes of HSP70 and HSP90β showed higher carcass yield and blood biochemical
indices, and this also suggests that the polymorphisms of these genes may be potential biomarkers for heat tolerance inthe selection of Noi crossbred chickens in the Mekong Delta.
Keywords: antioxidant marker, heat stress, genotype, chicken				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

585

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP23-5

A study on the effect of Korean representative
traditional fermented foods on carcinogens inprocessed meat products
HW Kim, DH Oh, JH Kim, JW Jeong, SH Yun, SY Lee, DY Lee and SJ Hur
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
kesu_01@naver.com

This study was conducted to confirm the effect of fermented foods on carcinogens that can occur when consuming
meat products. This study used feces of ICR mice that fed to cooked processed meat with fermented foods (kimchi,
soybean paste, red pepper paste, soy sauce, salted shrimp). The content of carcinogens in feces was analyzed byhigh-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the gut microbiota in feces was analyzed using by next
generation sequencing (NGS). As a result of HPLC analysis, the group fed with kimchi, red pepper paste, andsoybean paste had a lower heterocyclic amine contents than the control group fed only processed meat. In addition,
as a result of gut microbiota analysis, it was found that the ratio of microorganisms causing gut inflammation was
decreased in the group fed with fermented foods. These results indicate that consumption of meat products does notpromote colorectal cancer, and that consumption of fermented foods may reduce the risk of carcinogens. Therefore,
this study can provide data on the prevention of gut inflammation and colorectal cancer through fermented foods
intake.
Keywords: fermented food, processed meat, gut microbiota, colorectal cancer

586

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP23-6Engineering chicken MDA5 to induce stronger immunity
against influenza A virus by borrowing C terminal
domain (CTD) of RIG-I
SJ Woo, HJ Choi and JY Han
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture andLife Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
sjwoo0818@snu.ac.kr

The invading pathogens are recognized by host immune receptor. Among the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs),
retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I) recognizes RNA viruses such as influenza A virus (IAV). However, chickens
lack a homolog of RIG-I but instead harbor melanoma differentiaton-associated protein 5 (MDA5) to sense
infection of RNA viruses. Despite the presence of MDA5, chickens are more susceptible of IAVs than migratory
birds that pososess RIG-I. Here, we engineered chicken MDA5 (cMDA5) to function similariliy with that of RIG-I
by mutating histidine 925 into a phenylalanine, a key residue of RIG-I to interact with RNA ligands, or replacing
viral sensing domain (C terminal domain, CTD) of cMDA5 into that of RIG-I. We expressed engineered cMDA5
into cMDA5 knockout DF-1 cells and treated various RNA ligands. We found that engineered cMDA5 significantly
induced higher interferon promoter activity and interferon related gene expression in response to RNA ligands
than wild type cMDA5. In addition, expression of engineered cMDA5 in both cMDA5 depleted DF-1 cells andwild type DF-1 cells significantly inhibited IAV proliferation than wild type cMDA5. Colectively, the engineered
cMDA5 coud induce stronger interferon mediated immunity than wild type cMDA5 and introducing the modified
cMDA5 into the chicken genome could be novel strategy to produce avian infuenza virus resistant chicken.
Keywords: chicken, influenza A virus, MDA5, RIG-I				

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP24-1

Central taurine affords thermotolerance andregulates thermogenic genes expressions
in the breast muscle in neonatal chicks
MZ Elhussiny1,2, H Nishimura1, T Bungo3 and VS Chowdhury1
1

Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, 2Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt,3
Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Japanmohamedzakaria@vet.edu.eg

Taurine (2-aminoethane sulfonic acid) was found to induce dose-dependent hypothermia and attenuate the stressresponse in neonatal chicks under controlled thermoneutral temperature (CT). We aimed in this study to examine
the role of central taurine to afford thermotolerance in heat-exposed fasted-chicks and to investigate the contributionof mitochondrial thermogenic genes in the process. In Experiment 1, five-days-old Julia male chicks (n = 10) were
centrally injected with either saline or 5.0 μmol of taurine and exposed to either high ambient temperature (HT: 35± 1℃ for 30 min) or CT (30 ± 1℃ for 30 min). In Experiment 2, chicks were centrally injected with either saline
or taurine and exposed to HT (40 ± 1℃ for 15 min). Although food was withdrawn, water was available during theexperimental period. Rectal temperature was recorded before and after the treatments. The results of Experiment 1
showed that central injection of taurine afforded thermotolerance in heat-exposed chicks. Central taurine increased
avian uncoupling protein and avian peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α under CT and HT.
However, central taurine decreased avian adenine nucleotide translocase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I inchicks under CT and HT. In addition, plasma triacylglycerol and uric acid concentrations were reduced by central
taurine. Furthermore, the results of Experiment 2 showed that initiation time of heat dissipation behaviors, i.e.,panting and wing dropping was decreased in taurine-injected chicks. These results indicate that central taurine
affords thermotolerance via mitochondrial regulation in heat-exposed fasted-chicks.
Keywords: taurine, thermotolerance, mitochondrial genes, chicks

588

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP24-2

Understanding large ruminant small holder farmer
trading behaviour and attitudes in Lao PDR
April W McElligott1, Syseng Khounsy2 and Russell D Bush1
1

School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camden- Australia, 2Departmentof Livestock and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane, Lao PDR

Lao PDR (Laos) is experiencing a rise in household incomes, population and urbanisation, placing increased
pressure to produce and trade more beef. Hence, to take advantage of this market opportunity there is a need todetermine if the trading behaviours and attitudes of large ruminant smallholder farmers align with the increasing
domestic and regional demand for beef. Farmer Trading Surveys and Focus Group Discussions of 308 cattle and305 buffalo smallholder farmers from three northern and one southern provinces collected qualitative data on
trading behaviours and attitudes to better understand trade motivations. On average, 2.20 ± 0.09 cattle and 1.60
± 0.12 buffalo are sold and by smallholder farming households each year. Smallholder farmers do not view tradecompetitively as expectations of trading large ruminants are based on past experiences. Their lack of motivation to
trade could be attributed to poor access to market information, farmers not viewing farming as their primary formof employment and embedded sociocultural values. In addition, the onset of drought in Laos at the time of thisresearch had created obstacles for farmers in trading competitively as profit margins decreased and farmers became
hesitant to trade. A greater understanding of smallholder farmers trading behaviours enables farmer training intrade to be tailored to include appropriate methods for retrieving market information and identifying how increased
trade can equal increased profits. However, it is unlikely that farmers will meet intended levels of large ruminanttrade in the short term, particularly in international markets.
Keywords: cattle, buffalo, trade, smallholder farmer

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l589

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP24-3

Measuring the efficiencies of dairy buffalo farms in
the Philippines using data envelopment analysis
EP Palacpac1 and EM Valiente2
12Philippine Carabao Center, Science City of Muñoz, Philippines,
Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Philippines
ericclap@gmail.com

This study aimed to measure the efficiency scores of 75 dairy buffalo farms in the province of Nueva Ecija,
Philippines using an input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model under variable returns to scale.
The farmer-informants (decision-making units or DMUs) were categorized as smallholders, family modules, andsemi-commercial operations. Personal interviews using structured questionnaires were done to gather various
information on socio-economic and management practices. Output in the form of volume of milk produced andinputs such as biologics, feeds, forage, and labor were collected and evaluated among individual farms. The
efficiency scores were computed using a PIM-DEA software, which identified efficient DMUs lying on the frontierline (score of 100%) and those enveloped by it (inefficient ones with scores of less than 100%). The identified
inefficient farms were compared using only the same characteristics as in the efficient farms. The overall mean
Technical Efficiency (TE), Allocative Efficiency (AE), and Economic Efficiency (EE) were 80%, 81%, and 65%,
respectively. Most of the DMUs especially under smallholder farms operated very distantly from the efficiency
frontier (those classified as low and moderately efficient). On average, about 25.77% of the target amounts of
inputs across all inefficient farms need to be adjusted to improve their efficiencies. Likewise, the higher lambda
values (or raw weights) among efficient DMUs indicate the best benchmark that the inefficient DMUs can replicate.
Extension and advisory services can help promote the best management practices of the frontiers to improve theTE, AE, and EE of the inefficient DMUs.
Keywords: data envelopment analysis, dairy buffalo, decision-making units

590

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP24-4

Poultry behavior analysis with computer
vision AI-based analysis system
SH Baek, YJ Cho and YD Kim
UNIAI Corp, Daejeon, Korea
arnbaek@uniai.co.kr

We built a computer vision AI-based anomaly analysis system to analyze the behavior of poultry, which collects,
processes the behavior data of poultry. Although it is technically possible to perform individual analysis on
every each chicken object, it is not physically and financially efficient. And this led us to analyze their behavioral
attributes as an organic system rather than an individual object, and their activity is also quantified as a group.
Anomaly detection is performed on several functions, which includes body weight estimation and monitoring
anomalies in body temperature using a thermal imaging camera. The body temperature anomalies of chickens is
detected by analyzing AI-based sensor fusion information of RGB cameras and thermal imaging cameras. Amongthe anomaly detection functions, we mainly focus on the analysis of activity anomalies.
The quantified activity amount is analyzed in the form of time series information, and the anomaly detection is
performed through pattern analysis. There exists a clear behavior pattern in poultry for broiler, breeder, and laying
hen, and the analysis information is also different. Information on each flock was collected and analyzed. Valuable
information such as activity level of the low pathogenic avian influenza was obtained, and the effectiveness of theactivity analysis was confirmed by comparing it with other indicators such as water supply. In this presentation,
among the contents developed so far, we intend to conduct an academic exchange on the analysis of poultry
activity based on computer vision.
Keywords: computer vision, poultry behavior, anomaly detection				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

591

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

OP24-5Weight estimation model of cow using computer
vision technique based on RGB-D image
Sooram Kang1, Sangkyoon Kim2, Wanhyun Cho3 and Myung Hwan Na4
1

Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Chonnam National University, Korea, 2Departmentof Statistics, Chonnam National University, Korea, 3Department of Statistics, Chonnam National
University, Korea, 4Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University, Korea
slkang2001@gmail.com

The weight of livestock is not only an important indicator for the growth of it but is also directly related to the
management performance of the breeding farm. However, weighing a large livestock such as a cow is difficult forpeople and stressful for livestock. This study proposes a method to measure the weight and predict the growth ofcows without direct contact with cows using RGB-D images collected for a certain period. The cow is separated
from the RGB-D images collected using the computer vision technique and the cow's physical characteristics are
extracted using the profiling technique. The weight of the cow is predicted with the extracted characteristics and aregression model. And it is compared another regression model with real measured values.
Keywords: cow, computer vision, RGB-D image, weight estsimation592

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

OP24-6

Herd-build up through advanced reproductive technology
and its impact on dry matter requirement of a 100-cow
level farm in the Philippines: simulation
CV Lualhati, VA Magpantay and AN Del Barrio
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
cvlualhati@up.edu.ph

The changes in the population structure and herd dry matter requirement in dairy cattle farm through advanced
reproductive technology were estimated by developing a dynamic stochastic model using Structural Thinking
Experiential Learning Laboratory with Animation (STELLA®) version 9.0. The model was set at 100-cow level
following a 1:30 bull-to-cow ratio, 65% conception rate (CR) for the first insemination and 55% for the succeeding
insemination with the use of available production parameters in the Philippines simulated over 5 years. Estrusdetection aid (EDA) from previous studies yielded a CR of 68.71% and 58.14%, respectively for first and second
inseminations, while progesterone supplementation (PS) improved CR to 70.2% and 59.4%. These were used astreatments to compare with the baseline model. The result of the simulation showed that there were 12.87% and17.84% population increase when EDA (p < 0.001) and PS (p < 0.001) were implemented, respectively, comparedto the baseline model. Consequently, the increase in population also increased the dry matter requirement of
the whole herd by 13.18% in EDA (p < 0.001) and 18.19% in PS (p < 0.001). The simulation study revealed
the substantial increase in dry matter requirement should the farmer opt to proceed with herd-build up throughadvanced reproductive technology.
Keywords: modelling, systems analysis, dairy cattle, dry matter intake

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l593

Asian-Australasian Association ofAnimal Production

August 25
Poster Presentaion

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1

Non-ruminant Nutrition

Aug. 25, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP1-1

Comparing effect of selenium from selenium-enriched kale sprout and seleniumenriched yeast on laying hens
A Chantiratikul1, O Arunsangseesod1, A Wangkahart1, K Leamsamrong2 and P Chantiratikul3
1
Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham
University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, 2Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajabhat Maha
Sarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, 3Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University,
Maha Sarakham, Thailand

PP1-3 he effect of "organic protein" in feed on the carcass quality, internal organ weightTand enzymes activity of broiler
O Sjofjan1, MH Natsir1, YF Nuningtyas1 and SR Sari2
1
Staff of Animal Nutrition and Feed Department, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas
Brawijaya, Malang East Java, Indonesia, 2Student of Animal Nutrition and Feed Department,
Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang East Java, Indonesia

PP1-5

Effect of nano zinc oxide or chelated zinc as alternatives to medical zinc oxide in
weaned piglets
HJ Oh, YJ Kim, SY Chang, JW An, YB Go, DC Song, HA Cho, SH Park, KH Jeon and
JH ChoDepartment of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Korea

PP1-7

The safety evaluation of Hericium erinaceus to use as a pet food ingredient foraged dogs
JL Chun, HW Cho, KH Kim, JH Jeon, CH Kim, SJ Lim, SH Jeong and KM Seo
Korea Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea

PP1-9Interactive effect of dietary tryptophan and niacin supplementation on productive
performance, egg quality, and serum measurement of laying hens raised underheat stress conditions
SY Won, CH Kwon, JH Lee, HW Kim and DY Kil
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea

PP1-11

Effect of dietary glycine supplementation on growth performance and intestinal
morphology in broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions
HW Kim, SH Kwon, CH Kwon, JH Lee, SY Won and DY Kil
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea

596

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-13

Effects of dietary organic and inorganic selenium supplementation on growth
performance, blood constituents, and carcass characteristics of growing-finishingpigs
KI Park, HJ Kyoung, DO Seo, YH Kim, JM Ahn, JI Lee, SW Ha and MH Song
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP1-15

Effects of dietary mixed sources of selenium supplementation on growth
performance, blood constituents, Se concentration, and carcass characteristics ofgrowing-finishing pigs
KI Park, HJ Kyoung, YH Kim, JM Ahn, JI Lee, SW Ha and MH Song
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP1-17

Effects of temperature and humidity index on growth performance and immune
response in growing pigs
YH Kim, HJ Kyoung, KI Park, JM Ahn, JI Lee, SW Ha and MH Song
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP1-19Comparison of growth performance, body shape, and blood constituents ofcrossbred and Woori black pigs
YJ Min, YD Jeong, YH Choi, JE Kim, DW Kim, HJ Park, HJ Chung, SJ Sa, DY Jeon and
HJ JinSwine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan, Korea

PP1-21

Estimating the matrix value of xylanase in wheat-added diets for broilers
JS Hong1, MH Yu, EO Oketch1, NM Shan1, HH Yun2, AL Lee2 and JM Heo1
1
Chungnam National University, Korea, 2CJ Bio Animal Nutrition, Korea

PP1-23

Efficacy of Bacillus toyonensis M15750 on the growth performance and fecal scoreof weaning piglets compared to Bacillus toyonensis BCT-7112T
JH Song1, V Sampath1, CB Lim1, KM Kim1, IH Kim1 and G Jimenez2
1
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea, 2Rubinum S.A., 08191 Rubí, Catalonia, Spain

PP1-25

Influence of protected organic acids on growth performance, fecal microbial, gasemission, and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs
KM Kim1, CB Lim1, O Munezero1, B Balamuralikrishnan2 and IH Kim1
1
Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea, 2Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea

PP1-27

Effects of mixed emulsifiers on blood metabolites, ileal morphology, and meat
quality of broiler chickens
EO Oketch, JS Hong, YB Kim, SR Nawarathne, M Yu and JM Heo
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP1-29Effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis and oregano essential oil supplementation on
growth performance, blood characteristics, and intestinal morphology of pullets
HS Kim, HJ Kim, YS Yun, WD Lee, JJ Jeon, JS Son, HK Shin, EC Hong, AS You,HK Kang and BS Kang
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang, Korea

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l597

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-31

Supplementation of fiber during gestation on reproductive performance of heatstressed sows
SangHun Ha1, Joseph Moturi1, Habeeb Tajudeen1, Jun Young Mun1, Yo Han Choi2,
Su Hyup Lee3 and JinSoo Kim1
1
Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan 31000, Korea, 3Department of Swine Science, Korea National University of Agriculture
and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874, Korea

PP1-33The carry-over effects of Lactobacillus salivarius isolated from feces of fastgrowing pigs in suckling piglets creep feed on the performance during the weaning
periodJoseph Moturi1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, SangHun Ha1, SeMin Jeon1, Hye In Park1,
Su Hyup Lee2, Jin Soo Kim1 and Jin Woo Jhoo3
1
Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2 Department of Swine Science, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries,
Jeonju 54874, Korea, 3 Division of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences,
Kangwon National University, KNU Ave 1, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea

PP1-35

Effects of dietary level of immunoSEB plus a probiotic on performance and gut
microflora of weanling pigs
SangHun Ha1, Anushka Lokhande1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, SeungMin Oh2,
Santosh Laxman Ingale3, JinSoo Kim1, and Gur Yoo Kim4
1
Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2Gyeongsangbuk-do Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju 750-871, Korea, 3Advanced
Enzyme Technologies Ltd., 400-604 Thane, India, 4Division of Applied Animal Science, College ofAnimal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, KNU Ave 1, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea

PP1-39Nourish neonates with synthetic milk and Lactobacillus sp. supplementation atbirth highly modifies the gut microbial communities at post-weaning stage
S Vetriselvi1, S Sureshkumar1, G Shanshui1, WJ Seok1, B Balamuralikrishnan2
and IH Kim1
1
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea, 2Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea

PP1-41

Free IGF-1 improved performance of sows and piglets
S Genova, C Timoging, E Angeles, JM Raquipo, B Moog and FC Reyes
Philchema, Inc., Quezon City, Philippines

PP1-43

Dietary bacteriophage lowers cecal Clostridium perfringens counts of broiler
chickens
HG Lee1, YB Kim1, SH Lee1, JO Moon2, JP Chae2, YJ Kim2 and KW Lee1
1
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2CJ Cheiljedang Co., Ltd, Suwon, Korea

PP1-45

Effect of dietary octacosanol concentration extracted from triticale sprout on
performance, egg quality, and blood parameters of laying hens
CI Lim, JE Kim and KS Ryu
Jeonbun National University, Jeonju, Korea

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PP1-47

Effects of feeding timing of green tea extract and vitamin C supplementation on
growth performance and immune response of broiler exposed to heat stress
JS Son, HJ Kim, YS Yun, EC Hong, HS Kim, WD Lee, AS You, HK Shin and HK Kang
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Pyeongchang, Korea

PP1-49Effects of dietary xylanase in a commercial diet on growth performance, nutrient
digestibility, blood profiles, and immune responses of weaned pigs
JM Ahn1, HJ Kyoung1, KI Park1, YH Kim1, JI Lee1, SW Ha1, MA Park2, JO Moon2
and MH Song1
1Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2CJ CheilJediang, Suwon, Korea

PP1-51

Effects of feeding Italian ryegrass silage on growth performance and carcass
characteristics in finishing pigs with or without multi-enzyme
YD Jeong, YJ Min, YH Choi, DW Kim, HJ Chung, SJ Sa, DY Jeon, HJ Jin and JE Kim
Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea

PP1-53

Evaluation of growth performance and immune activity after feeding spore
probiotics to weaned pigs
YB Park, DW Kim, YM Hwang, SY Jung and SH Lee
Woogene B&G Co., Ltd., Hwaseong, Korea

PP1-55

Effects of different crude fiber levels on reproductive performance and stress onsows during heat stressDongyeop Oh, Daehyun Kim, Junkoo Yi, Jaejung H, Daejin Jung and Seungmin Oh
Gyeongsangbuk-do Livestock Research Institute, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea

PP1-57

Dietary supplementation with fermented tea processing by-products on growth
performance and lipid-metabolism-related genes in chickens
Lee TT1–3 and HH Lin1
1
Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan,
2
The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402,
Taiwan, 3Smart Sustainable New Agriculture Research Center (SMARTer), Taichung 402, Taiwan

PP1-59The effect of bile salt during in vitro digestion procedure of dog’s food
KM Seo, HW Cho, KH Kim, JH Jeon, CH Kim, SJ Lim, SH Jeong and JL Chun
Korea Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea

PP1-61

Effects of different levels of dietary crude protein on growth performance, blood
profiles, diarrhea incidence and odour emission in weaning pigs
HJ Kim, HW Shin, XH Jin, CS Kim and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-63

Effect of zinc oxide and probiotics on growth performance, immune response,
diarrhea index and fecal microflora in weaning pigs
KY Moon, CS Kim and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

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PP1-65

Effects of the different manufacturing processes of black soldier fly larvae meal on
growth performance and blood profiles in broilers
BH Kim, SH Park, MJ Kim, JY Jeong and HJ Jung
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea

PP1-67

Effects of ginseng by-product supplementation on growth performance,
immunoglobulins, and corticosterone in broilers under heat stress
JH Lee, JW Yun and JH Kim
Department of Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea

PP1-69A continuous and reliable enzyme assay platform to predict NSPase activity inmonogastric digestive system
SE Lee, PR Kim, MA Park, JO Moon and SE Han
CJ CheilJedang, Suwon, Korea

PP1-71

Effects of dietary vitamin and trace mineral premix levels on physiologicalresponses, litter performance, blood profiles, milk composition and feed cost inlactating sows
SW Kang, HJ Kim and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-73

Prediction equations for in vitro ileal disappearance of dry matter and crude protein
in dog diets based on chemical composition
YS Song and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-75An in vitro ileal disappearance procedure for standardized ileal digestibility ofcrude protein in nursery pigs
SB Yoo, YS Song, JY Ahn and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-77

Basal endogenous losses and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids insoybean meal were not different between 20- and 60-kg body weight pigs
H Kim and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-79Lowering dietary protein concentrations reduces nitrogen excretion with minor
effects on growth performance in pigs fed amino acid-balanced diets
H Kim, J Son and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-81

Feeding different organic sources of selenium and vitamin E on yolk oxidative
statusAA Samsudin1, NIM Hemly1, NN Zainudin1 and AI Muhammad1,2
1
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400,
Selangor, Malaysia, 2Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University
Dutse. P.M.B. 7156, Jigawa State, Nigeria

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PP1-83

Effect of dietary ME value on performance and egg quality of Woorimatdak in laying
starter period
HJ Choo, EC Hong, JS Son, HJ Kim, WD Lee and YS Yun
Poultry Research Institute, Pyeongchang, Korea

PP1-85

Effects of microalgae and probiotic supplementation on growth performance andantioxidant enzyme activities in broiler chickens
CW Lee1, SH An1, JH Yoon1, IH Cho1, ZH Kim2, JY Jung2 and C Kong1
1
Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea, 2National Nakdonggang Institute of Biological
Resources, Sangju, Korea

PP1-87

Effects of SoRegen Technology® feed on the growth performance and carcass
quality in broiler chickens
L Purnamasari1,2, JF Dela Cruz1,3, DB Lee4, HA Song1, JS Kim1, IS Nam1 and SG Hwang1
1
Department of Animal Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University,
Anseong-si, 456-749, Korea, 2Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia, 3College of Veterinary Medicine, University of thePhilippines, Los Banos, Philippines, 4Research Council of SoRegen Convergence Science, Seoul,
Korea

PP1-89Effect of urinary calculus prescription diet on the body weight, intake, and blood
profiles of cats
SJ Park, YJ Choi, and SR Lee
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP1-91

Effect of dietary level of corngluten meal on growth performance, meat quality inbroiler
DW Kim1, KE Kim2 and HG Nho1
1
Korea National University of Agriculture & Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea, 2Nonghyup Feed, Seoul,
Korea

PP1-93The effects of different protein levels and feeding frequency on weaned piglets
behavior
SP Su1, YD Hsuuw1, JW Lee1, W Jantasin2 and LC Hsia1,3
1
Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung Universityof Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, 2Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Yu Chou
Friendly Agriculture Research Institute, Pingtung, Taiwan

PP1-95

Energy concentration, nutrient and dietary fiber digestibilities of banana meal ingrowing pigs
AP Maderse, KRC Sernande and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippines

PP1-97

Determination and prediction of apparent metabolizable energy concentration incoconut co-products fed to broilers
RNR Reyes and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippines				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-99

PP2
PP2-1

Assigning animals into experimental groups that have as similar mean andvariance as possible with EXCEL VBA Macro
HJ Kim1, H Kim1, A Jang2 and S Kim1
1
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea,
2
Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National
University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea

Ruminant Nutrition

Aug. 25, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)

The impact of the fecal microbiome on feed efficiency in early fattening Hanwoo
steersSH Sim1, HS Lee1,2, S Yoon1, HS Seon1, CJ Park1 and M Kim1
1
Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National
University, Gwangju 61186, Korea, 2Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University,
Sendai, 980-8572, Japan

PP2-3

Supplemental effects of bypass fat, glycerol, and soybean meal on performance inlate-fattening Hanwoo steers under the heat stress condition
JS Woo1, SS Jang2 and KK Park1
1
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang, Korea

PP2-5

The study of nutritive value of legumes as ruminant feed in Raman district, Yala
Province, Thailand
Jantarat Sitthisak, Kochi Aisah and Kraiprom Thaintip
Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, 94000, Thailand

PP2-7

Effects of energy feeds on Hanwoo rumen fermentation characteristics andmicrobial amino acids composition in vitro
SY Kim1, JH Lee1, JY Song2, GS Bae1, MH Lee1, SY Jung1, EJ Kim3 and CH Kim1
1
Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 2Nonghyupfeed, Seoul, Korea, 3Kyungpook
National University, Sangju, Korea

PP2-9

Development of customized milk replacer and optimization of artificial weaning
program for the Hanwoo calves
HR Nam1, HJ Lee2, EB Lee2, SH Oh2 and SK Kang1,21Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University,
Gangwon-do, Korea, 2Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University,
Gangwon-do, Korea

PP2-11

Evaluation of in vitro methane production in differently-treated soybean meals anda rumin-up containing cashew nutshell liquid
SY Im1, SY Kim1, R Bharanidharan2, KH Kim2 and M Baik1
1
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea

602

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Animal Science Congress

PP2-13Comparison of ruminal fermentation of rice traw fiber between Korean native ruminants
HG Sung
Sangji University, Wonju, Korea

PP2-15

Effects of plant extracts (olive leaf and pine cone) on in vitro ruminal methane
emission and fermentation characteristics
SS Lee, PN Seong, YK Lee, JS Wi and JE Kim
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

PP2-17

Nonlinear regression growth models of Korean female Jersey cattle using
Gompertz, von Bertalanffy and Logistic models
DJS Jung, EJ Jeon, JH Lee, DH Kim, DH Lim and KS Ki
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan 31000, Korea

PP2-19Effects of coated L-tryptophan and L-ascorbic acid supplementation for productivityof Holstein dairy cow under heat stress condition
YL Kim1, GH Son1, SH Lee1, HJ Cha1, JS Ahn2, JK Park3, JY Song3, SJ Yun3,
EG Kwon1, JS Shin1 and BK Park1
1
Kangwon National University, Chunchen, Korea, 2Nonghyup Livestock Research Center,
Anseong, Korea, 3Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea

PP2-21

Relationship between the supplemental level of lupin flake and growth performance,
blood metabolites, carcass characteristics, and meat composition in Hanwoo steers
KH Um1, GH Son1, HJ Cha1, SH Lee1, JY Song2, JK Park2, EG Kwon1, BK Park1
and JS Shin1
1
Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea,
2Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea

PP2-23

Effects of expanded flaxseed supplementation on growth performance, blood
metabolites, and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers
MH Song1, KH Son1, SH Lee1, HJ Cha1, JS Ahn2, JK Park3, JY Song3, SJ Yun3,
EG Kwon1, BK Park1 and JS Shin1
1
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Nonghyup Livestock Research Center,
Anseong, Korea, 3Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea

PP2-25

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms and physiological parameters forheat tolerance of Holstein dairy cows
DH Lim, KS Ki, DH Kim, DJS Jung, S Ha, M Jung, JH Lee and M Han
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea

PP2-27

Effects of fermented seaweed (Saccharina japonica) by-products on in vitro
fermentation parameters and milk yield of Korean native goats (Capra hircus coreanae)
EJ Ko1,2, SH Kim1, AR Son1, LL Mamuad1, MA Miguel1, MJ Ku3, YS Choi3, KW Park1,
CJ Yang2 and SS Lee1
1
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence
System (BK21 plus), Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 3Jeollanamdo Agricultural
Research & Extension Service, Gangjin, Korea

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PP2-29Effects of supplemented resveratrol levels on in vitro rumen fermentation andgrowth performance of Hanwoo calves
CH Ryu, B Kim, S Lee, H Bang and YC Baek
Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea

PP2-31

Effects of probiotics including C. militaris inclusion on in vitro rumen fermentation
MS Ju1, YH Jo1, YR Kim1, J Ghassemi Nejad1, JS Lee1, JG Lee2 and HG Lee1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Korea, 2DM Bio., Co, Jeollanam-do, 58517, Korea

PP2-33The supplementation of medicinal herbs affects in vitro methane production andthe composition of ruminal microbiome
JE Kim, PN Seong, YK Lee, JS Wi and SS Lee
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animals Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju, Korea

PP2-35Comparative analysis of in vivo digestibility of Italian Rye grass silage, and oat hay
for beef cattle
S Lee, B Kim, HT Bang, YC Baek and CH Ryu
Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea

PP2-37

Effects of crude protein level of concentrate mix on growth performance, rumen
parameters, and methane production in Hanwoo steers
H Cho1, K Kang1, S Jeong1, S Jeon1, M Lee1, H Kang1, J Seo2, J Oh3 and S Seo1
1
Chunganam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea,
3
Cargill Animal Nutrition Korea, Seongnam, Korea

PP2-39Evaluation of slow release urea and slow release nitrate as dietary additives inruminants
A Jayanegara, M Makmur, DM Fassah and M Ridla
Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Indonesia

PP2-41

Effects of rumen-protected choline with soluble vitamins supplementation on
hepatic functions and carcass characteristics in Hanwoo steers
SU Shin1, GM Chu2, GH Son1, MH Song1, HJ Cha1, JS Ahn3, EG Kwon1, JS Shin1
and BK Park1
1
Kangwon National University, Chunchen, Korea, 2Nonghyup Feed, Busan, Korea,
3Nonghyup Livestock Research Center, Anseong, Korea

PP2-43

Effects of L-glutamine supplementation on the growth performance, hematologicalparameters, and carcass traits of Hanwoo heifers based on heat-shock protein
beta-1 genotype
JS Lee, JS Park, JH Jo, KY Park, XC Jin, JH Lee, BM Kim, YR Kim, JW Lim,J Ghassemi Nejad and HG Lee
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

604

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Animal Science Congress

PP2-45

Effect of fungal treated sugarcane bagasse on voluntary feed intake, nutrient
digestion and rumen fermentation end products in meat goats
C Yuangklang and J Khotsakdee
Tropical Agricultural Innovation and Technology Research Centre (TRAINTREC), Faculty ofInnovative Agriculture and Technology (Established Project), Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies,
Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Main Campus, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000 Thailand

PP2-47

Determination of maintenance energy requirements for fattening Korean blackgoats (Capra hircus coreanae) in group housing typeYS Yun1, SY Jang1, JS Lee1, EC Sim1, MR Oh2, NY Kim3, SJ Kim3 and SH Moon4
1
Livestock Enviromental Management Institute, Sejong 30127, Korea, 2Grassland and Forages
Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 31000, Korea, 3Asia Pacific
Ruminant Institute, Icheon 17385, Korea; 4Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea

PP2-49Development of endolysin having lytic activity against methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus to prevent bovine mastitis
HB Kim and JK Seo
Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National
University, Miryang, Korea

PP2-51The synergistic effect of blended buffer product with buffer agents on ruminal
fermentation characteristics in an in vitro rumen fermentation system
HB Kim1, JY Song2, DE Shin2, JK Park2, GM Chu3 and JK Seo1
1
Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National
University, Miryang, Korea, 2Nonghyupfeed Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea, 3Busan-Bio, Nonghyupfeed
Co., Ltd., Pusan, Korea

PP2-53Development and evaluation of a model for predicting dry matter intake of lactating
dairy cows using the support vector regression algorithm
Mingyung Lee1, Seong-Min Park2, Kwang-Seok Ki2 and Seongwon Seo2
1
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea

PP2-55

Effect of polyphenols (GREEN-ADD) on (in vitro) rumen fermentation of Hanwoo
JH Lee1, JM Koo1 and SB Cho2
1
Shinhan Biochem R&D Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 2Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP2-57

Blooming Ulva sp. can be utilized as a feed additive ingredient in the beef industry
ES Kim1,2, KY Park1, YR Kim1, JS Lee1, JC Lee3, WJ Yoon3, KW Kang4, SW Seo4
and HG Lee1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Science Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea, 2IANS Co. Ltd., Chungcheongnam-do 31090,
Republic of Korea, 3Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608,
Republic of Korea, 4Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-59The effects of supplementation of an activated charcoal on in vitro rumen
fermentation
JB Moon1, DE Shin2, JK Park2, JY Song2, GM Chu3 and JK Seo1
1
Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea, 2Nonghyupfeed Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea,
3
Busan-Bio, Nonghyupfeed Co. Ltd., Pusan, Korea

PP2-61Comparative analysis of blood characteristics based on marbling score levels offattening Hanwoo steer
BH Park, DH Kang and KY Chung
Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea

PP2-65

Greenhouse gas balance and carbon footprint assessment of Korean native beef
cattle farms in Jeolla-do province: implications for mitigation strategies
JS Byun1, R Ibidhi2,3, TH Kim1, WH Hong1, R Bharanidharan4 and KH Kim1,3
1
Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International
Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Agroécologie,
INRAE, Institut Agro, University, Bourgogne, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000
Dijon, France, 3Department of Ecofriendly Livestock Science, Institutes of Green-Bio Scienceand Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea, 4Department of Agricultural
Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University Seoul, Korea

PP2-67

Effect of hemi-castration on the growth performance, carcass characteristics andintramuscular adipose tissues of Korean beef cattle
JS Ahn1, SS Jang2, HJ Lee2, UH Kim2, JI Won2, BK Park3, JS Shin3, GH Son3, GM Chu4and EG Kwon3
1
Nonghyup Livestock Research Center, Anseong, Korea, 2Hanwoo Research Institute, Pyeongchang,
Korea, 3Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 4Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea

PP2-69Nutritional evaluation of hydroponic corn fodder and its effect as a substitute forfeed concentrates in feeding buffalo calves
CI Castillo1, PLT Llantada1, CP Baltazar1, RD Amido2, MRD De Guia1 and AN Del Barrio3
1
Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters and Gene Pool, Science City of Munoz,
Nueva Ecija, Philippines, 2Philippine Carabao Center UPLB, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines
3
University of the Philippines Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines

PP2-71PP2-73606

The effects of purple Napier grass silage on milk yield and milk compositions indairy goats
Pramote Paengkoum1, Narawich Onjai-uea1 and Siwaporn Paengkoum2
1
School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree
University of Technology, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, 2Program in Agriculture,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Muang,
Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
Effect of storage period on chemical composition and fermentation characteristics
of sugarcane silage
W Maneerat and M Putsakum
School of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University,
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PP2-75

PP3

Untargeted metabolic profiling of serum and milk in lactating dairy cows affectedby heat stress
JS Eom1, SJ Lee1,2, HS Kim1, Y Choi3, SU Jo3, MH Kim4, SS Lee5, SH Kim5, DH Kim6
and SS Lee1,2,3
1
Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea,
2
University Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 3Division of Applied Life
Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 4Department of Animal Science,
College of National Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea,
5
Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology,
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 6Dairy Science Division, National Institute ofAnimal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea

Animal ProductAug. 25, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP3-1

Incidence of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) chicken meat at a commercial broiler
processing plant and its effect on marinated chicken breast
AJA Ahas1, KMNTK Bandara2, KMSS Fernando1, JVNC Chathuranga3, P Manjula1,
JM Heo3 and DD Jayasena1
1
Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka, 2Departmentof Technical Education, National Institute of Education, Maharagama, Sri Lanka, 3Division ofAnimal and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea

PP3-3

Ciphering the potential of synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy to predict
thermal changes in meat
A Sahar1,2
1
Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad, Pakistan, 2National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food,
Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

PP3-5

Predicting the pork loin quality using various quality properties and electricalconductivity
K Jo, S Lee, HG Jeong, DH Lee, S Yoon, Y Chung and S Jung
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP3-7

Effect of muscle part on nutritional composition and quality traits in head meatfrom finishing castrated pig
JA Lee1,2, SH Jung1, HV Ba1, Y Ha1, Y Ban1, H Han1, KH Seol1, S Cho1, HW Kim1and SM Kang1
1
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea

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PP3-9

Comparison of bioactive compounds and metabolomic characteristics of Hanwoo
and imported beef
HJ Kim, D Lee, DY Jung and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP3-11

Inoculation of different microorganisms on dry-aged beef as a starter and theireffect on physicochemical and metabolic changes
HJ Lee, YE Lee, CH Kim, M Kim, S Ryu, Y Kim and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP3-13Characterization of microbial community composition and pathogens risk
assessment in Korean fermented sausage by high-throughput sequencing
technology
JH Kim, ES Lee, BM Kim and MH Oh
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural development Administration, Korea

PP3-15The effect of lairage on the metabolomic profiles of pork loin
D Lee1, DY Jung1, JW Kim2, HJ Lee1, HJ Kim1 and C Jo1
1
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Sejong Institute of Health & Environment, Sejong,
Korea

PP3-17

Physicochemical characteristics and sensory acceptability of dairy beef round bycooking method
HJ Kim1,2, D Kim2, HJ Jeong2, HJ Lee2, Y Jung2 and A Jang2
1
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP3-19Effect of bovine blood vitamin A concentration on pupil area change rate
DY Kang1, NE Kim2, BG Kaushalya Madhavi2, NC Deb2 and HT Kim2
1
Department of Bio-industrial Machinery Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences ofGyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Department of Bio-Systems Engineering,
Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP3-21

Changes in the quality of pork by packaging method after aging using Jeju scoria pot
C Moon, SJ Kim, GH Kim, KB Ko and YC Ryu
Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea

PP3-23Bactericidal effect on pork loin by treatment of plasma-activated acetic acid
HJ Lee1, D Yim1, HJ Kim1, AK Sethukali1 and C Jo1,2
1
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and ResearchInstitute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Institute ofGreen Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea

PP3-25

Effect of specific pre-cooking methods on the quality characteristics of retorted
Satay taichan during storage
E Triyannanto, DR Fadhlillah, ER Utami and Rusman
Department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-27

Effects of emulsified Coenzyme Q10 on the antioxidant system of the blood andliver in laying hens
WK Cho1, YS Moon2, YJ Lee1 and IS Jang2
1
Farm Fresh Bio Co., Pocheon, Korea, 2Division of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP3-29Culturing of satellite cells isolated from Jeju black cattle Semimembranosus muscle
and genes analysis related to taste for cell cultured meat
YA Kim, SH Park, SH Oh, GT Park, YH Park and JS Choi
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea

PP3-31

Effects of honeybee comb extract on storage characteristics of pork patties during
refrigerated storage
GT Park, SH Park, YA Kim, YH Park, SH Oh, CW Han, NY Choi, SK Cho and JS Choi
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea

PP3-33

Transmission of the microbiome, resistome, and virulome from the pork meatproduction to distribution phase
D Bae1, S Kim2 and M Kim1
1
Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju 52828, Korea, 2Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans
University, Seoul 03760, Korea

PP3-35

Analysis of the muscle composition and correlation of muscle fiber types between
pork belly and butt
ES Kim1, S Kim1, JH Cho1, GB Keum1, H Doo1, J Kwak1, S Pandey1, E Hong2, J Kim2,
A Sung2, S Lee2, A Lee2, K Seol3, SM Kang3, S Jung2, Y Lee2, HJ Kwon2 and HB Kim1
1
Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea,
3
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea

PP3-37

Application of a newly developed chitosan/oleic acid edible coating for extending
shelf-life of fresh pork
BV HOA1, DH Song1, KH Seol1, SM Kang1, HW Kim1, JH Kim1, SS Moon2 and SH Cho1
1
Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea,
2Sunjin Meat Research Center, Ansung, Korea

PP3-39The level of use of garlic (Allium sativum) as a feed additive to energy intake,carcass, abdominal fat in hybrid ducks
Tertia Delia Nova, Rijal Zein, MS Talitha Ivana Arlin
Universitas Andalas Padang, 2022, Indonesia

PP3-41

Relationship between proteolysis and shear force of Hanwoo longissimus
lumborum compared with aging duration, packaging and grade
Moon-Ju Kim and Inho Hwang
Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 4896, Korea

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PP3-43

Effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas stunning method on quality characteristics ofpork small intestine at factory scale
DH Song1, SM Alam1,2, JA Lee1,3, VB Hoa1, IH Hwang2, HW Kim1, SM Kang1,
SH Cho1 and KH Seol1
1
Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 3Department of
Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea

PP3-45Chemical and sensory properties of sour cream using anhydorus milk fat
AMG Yasona1, IG Sarmago2, MCR Oliveros1 and AM Tapia1,21Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines
Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines, 2Dairy Training and Research Institute, Collegeof Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna,Philippines

PP3-47

Quality characteristics and volatile organic compounds of fried Korean nativechicken leg meat
YS Jung1, DJ Shin1, D Kim1, HJ Jeong1, HJ Lee1, JH Lee2, HJ Choo3 and A Jang1
1
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon,
Korea, 3National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang, Korea

PP3-49Anaerobic method for eliminating antibiotic residue of mastitis treatment in cow’s
milk using kefir grain
AK Umam, LE Radiati, RD Andriani, CN Yunita, MW Ramadhaniarti and R Ramadhan
Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

PP3-51Volatile flavor constituents and their comparison in cooked pork, beef and chicken
Zubayed Ahamed1, Jeong-Uk Eom1 and Han-Sul Yang1,2
1
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), 2Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-dareo, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, Korea

PP3-53

Effect of lairage time on the occurrence of pale, soft, exudative (PSE) condition andphysicochemical properties of chicken breast meat
DMST Abeyrathna1, TK Ediriweera2, KMSS Fernando1, ND Tissera1, SR Nawarathne1 andDD Jayasena1
1
Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka,
2
Department of Bio-AI Convergence, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University,
Daejeon 34134, Korea

PP3-55

Changes in stress hormones concentration and meat quality according to stunning
methods of broilers
HW Kim, DH Song, KH Seol, CH Kim and JH Joen
Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

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PP3-57

Characteristics of free fatty acid and amino acid composition from Hanwoo veals
with different rearing periods
DH Song1, JA Lee1,2, SM Alam1,3, VB Hoa1, SM Kang1, HW Kim1, SH Cho1 and KH Seol1
1
Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea, 3Departmentof Animal Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP3-59Comparison of water holding capacity in semimembranosus, semitendinosus, andbiceps femoris between the sow and commercial pig
JU Eom1, HS Yang1,2 and JK Seo2
1
Applied Life Science (BK21four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Institute ofAgriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP3-61

Effect of fermentation time on lapan (rabbit meat) jerky processing
Joy Christine V Sta Cruz, Marielle D Gamboa, Noime J Mallari
Bulacan Agricultural State College, Philippines

PP3-63The effects of sucrose and nitrite various addition levels on physicochemical andsensory quality of Indonesian-style restructured goat dendeng
CM Chen and AD Arumsari
National Pingtung University of science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan

PP4Forage Science and Feed Technology

Aug. 25, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)

PP4-1

The difference in production of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid between normal andabnormal climate scenarios in Korea
M Kim, D Kim, CE Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, MH Jo and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP4-3

Yield of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid under the climate event scenarios in Korea
M Kim, D Kim, CE Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, MH Jo and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP4-5

The impact of extreme scenarios affecting production of sorghum-sudangrasshybrid in Korea
M Kim, D Kim, CE Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, MH Jo and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP4-7

Study on hay preparation technology for sorghum × sudangrass hybrid [Sorghum
bicolor (L.) Moench] using stationary far-infrared dryer
JG Kim1,2, HR Kim2, YF Li1, LL Wang1, YS Yu1 and A Farhad2
1
Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology,
Pyeongchang, Korea

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PP4-9

Study on hay preparation technology for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) using
stationary far-infrared dryer
YS Yu1, YF Li1, LL Wang1, HR Kim2, A Farhad2 and JG Kim1,2
1
Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University,
Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology, SNU, Pyeongchang, Korea

PP4-11Comparative study of seed productivity of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorumLam.) ‘GreenCall’ according to seeding distance in the Southern Region of Korea
YF Li1, LL Wang1, YS Yu1, YS Bae2 and JG Kim1,2
1
Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University,
Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology, SNU, Pyeongchang, Korea

PP4-13

Effects of different moisture contents and storage duration on the chemicalcomposition and fermentation quality of alfalfa wrapping round bale silage
HS Park, JH Kim, KW Lee, SY Lee and BH Lee
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea

PP4-15

Effects of sowing date on growth characteristics and dry matter yield of alfalfa
BH Lee, KW Lee, JH Kim, SY Lee and HS Park
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan, Korea

PP4-17

Analysis of feed mixer efficiencies of feed manufacturers in the Philippines from2017 to 2021
C Timoging, GC Belen, E Angeles, FC Reyes and JB Lacuesta
Philchema, Inc., Quezon City, Philippines

PP4-19Fermentation of triticale silage with Lactobacillus plantarum-A29 under low
moisture condition
I Soundharrajan, K Muthusamy, JS Jung and KC Choi
Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea

PP4-21

Growth and productivity of corn cultivars at different environmental locations in
Korea
KC Choi, I Soundharrajan, K Muthusamy and JS Jung
Grassland and Forage division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Seonghwan-eup, Cheonan 31000, Korea

PP4-23Lower-lignin alfalfa effects on agronomic characterization and productivity andenergetics of lactating dairy cows
DH Min1, B Baral1, M Ibraheem2, B Bradford2, K Buse3 and P Kononoff3
1
Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA, 2Michigan State University, East Lansing,Michigan, USA, 3University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA612

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Animal Science Congress

PP4-25

Effect of plant species diversity in pasture on ruminal and fecal bacterial communityof grazing Japanese black cows
Y Gotoh1, H Kakihara1,2, T Shishido1, Y Fukuda1, S Takizawa3, Y Suyama1, A Matsuo1,
M Nakano4 and S Ogura1
1
Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki, Japan, 2Western Region
Agricultural Research Center, NARO, Oda, Japan, 3Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science,
NARO, Tsukuba, Japan, 4Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO, Fukuyama, Japan

PP4-27

Calculation of WCM damage through WMO and machine learning model inabnormal climate and its mapping
JS Choi1, HW Jo1, MK Kim1, JY Kim1, MH Jo1, M Kim1, SA Lee2, KD Kim3, BW Kim1
and KI Sung1
1
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea,
3
Gangwondo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea

PP4-29Distinction of Shepherd's purse in grassland using UAV's spectral sensor
SH Yang, HS Park, JS Jung, KC Choi and DW Cheon
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea

PP4-31

Investigating water deficiency of forage maize using CWSI camera
SH Yang, HS Park, MR Oh, JS Jung and KC Choi
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea

PP4-33

Changes in quality by storage duration according to the type of rye haylage
EA Lim, SH Lee, KW Lee, JH Kim, JH Woo and BR Choi
National Insititute of Animal Science, RDA, Korea

PP4-35Multi-residue methods for the detection of various pesticides, veterinary drugs,
and mycotoxins in feed using liquid and gas chromatography coupled with mass
spectrometry
TW Na, H Seo, HJ Kim, H Kim, SH Lee, H Cho and S HongExperiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service,
Gimcheon-si, Korea

PP4-37

Monitoring of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, arsenic, and chromium) in animal feed
and feed materials
E Chang, SH Lee, D Kim, Y Seon, J Kim, YG Lee, JY Park and H Cho
Experiment & Reasearch Institute, NAQS, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si, Korea

PP4-39Alleviation of aluminum toxicity by silicon in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
IK Yoon, MJ Kim, CH Min and BH Lee
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21) and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science (IALS),
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea

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PP5

Animal Behavior and Welfare

Aug. 25, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP5-1

Effects of different illuminances on growth performance and welfare of broilers
EC Hong, HJ Kim, JS Son, HK Kang, JJ Jeon, HS Kim, JH Kim and YS Yun
Poultry Research Institute, Pyeongchang, Korea

PP5-3

The provision of the sling belt reduces salivary cortisol levels and aggressive
behaviour of the growing pigs immediately after transportation and regrouping
JS Kim1, JH Lee1, JH Jo1, KW Kang2, HW Jo2 and J Yun1
1
Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, 2Swine ResearchCenter, Sunjin R&D Institute, Sunjin Co., Ltd., Korea

PP5-5

Development of early detection and prediction system through abnormal behaviorof sick birds: a broiler model
WD Lee, HS Kim, JS Son, HJ Kim, JJ Jeon, AS Yu, EC Hong, BS Kang and HK Kang
Poultry Research Institute, Rural Development Administration National Institute of Animal
Science, Pyeongchang, Korea

PP5-7

The effect of the demand for oral behavior on salt block intake of sheep
H Kume1, T Shishido1, H Kakihara1,2, M Fukasawa1, K Sato3 and S Ogura1
1
Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki, Japan, 2Western Region
Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Oda, Japan,
3
Nippon Zenyaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., Asaka, Japan

PP5-9

The effects of stocking density on the litter quality, foot pad dermatitis (FPD), hockburn, and feather condition in broilers
Chan Ho Kim1, Se Jin Lim1, Ji Seon Son2, So Hee Jeong1, Geum Zoo Yoo1, Si Nae Chun1,
Ki Hyun Kim1, Ju Lan Chun1 and Hung Hwan Jeon1
1
Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanjugun 55365, Korea, 2Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal
Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25342 Korea

PP5-11

Effects of surgical castration and lidocaine and meloxicam treatment on growth,
blood parameters, behaviors, and leukocyte gene expression in Korean cattle bulls
IG Cho, SY Kim, JS Lee, KKTN Ranaweera, JW Jeong, JS Oh, SH Lee and M Baik
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP5-13

Response patterns of wild rodents to the odour of re-introduced Asiatic black bearin South Korea
Tae-Wook Kim, Sang-Hyun Han, Jeong-Jin Yang, Doo-Ha Yang, Jong-Seob Park,
Seong-Geun Bae and Jeong-Tae Shin
Korea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Korea

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Animal Science Congress

PP5-15

Footpad dermatitis for meat type chickens in eastern region of Taiwan: onslaughterhouse survey in Haulien County
HW Hung
Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan

PP5-17

Effects of different natural and chemical ingredients as repellent on the number of
feeding approach and feed intake of pigs
S Mahfuz1, HS Mun1,2, C Vaesna1, KMB Ampode1, MA Dilawar1,3, IB Chung1, YH Kim4
and CJ Yang1,31
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 3Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System(BK21 plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea

PP5-19Perceptions of citizens and farmers in livestock animals in South Korea
HJ Kang1,2 and HJ Lee2
1
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Animal Welfare Awareness, Research and Education(Aware), Seoul, Korea

PP5-21

The relation between dog aggression and stress status by analyzing hair cortisol
Geunwoo Park1,2, Mohammad Ataallahi1 and Kyu-Hyun Park1
1
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, 24341 Chuncheon, Gangwon,
Korea, 2CO-ANI, Chuncheon Hi Tech Tower, 24232 Chuncheon, Gangwon, Korea

PP6

Animal Environment and Management

Aug. 25, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP6-1

Environmental effects on animal production in Cameroon
Blendeu Sinchang Yuh
Student Public Health, Cameroon

PP6-3

Understanding the effect of reducing the pH of bio-slurry during storage on CH4 emissions
M Fakhrurozi and WA Zahra
Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University(Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia

PP6-5

A study on the concentration of organic dust by manufacturing process in TMR plant
HJ Ko and KS Shin
Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea

PP6-7

Field survey of the characteristic of odor emitted from livestock waste treatment
facility combined liquid fertilizer and composting process
HJ Ko
Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-9

Applicability of machine learning models for predicting body weight of pigs
JK Basak1, NE Kim2 and HT Kim 2
1
Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea, 2Department of
Bio-Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea

PP6-11Analysis of performance expectations and corresponding implementation level
effectivity of smart HACCP system in food manufacturing
Yeon Beom Seo1, Jung-Il Park1, Hyun-Ha Song1, Jae-Jin Cho1, Yeong-Soon Ahn1,
Young-Wook Son2, Je-Myung Lee2, Su-Jin Hwang2, Hyun-Su Kwon2, Seung-Hee Baek3,
and InSik Nam3
1
Korea Agency of HACCP Accreditation and Services, Korea, 2Ministry of Food and Drug Safety,
Korea, 3Hankyong National University, Korea

PP6-13The method for quantifying the odor reduction of bio-curtain
OH Hwang, JS Park, SE Woo, SY Seo, DW Han, MW Jung, JN Halder and SY Park
Animal Environment Division, Department of Animal Biotechnology and Environment, National
Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea

PP6-15Comparison of microbial agent effect for odor reduction of pig farms
DM Ha, JC Han, TH Park and DH Kim
Division of Animal Science, Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju, Korea

PP6-17

Effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics on ammonia emission and fly
presence in broiler chickens
JB Lacuesta, E Angeles, JM Raquipo, B Moog, FC Reyes and C Timoging
Philchema, Inc., Quezon City, Philippines

PP6-19The effects of different storage systems on the CH4 emissions of vermicompost
MF Ramadhani, WA Zahra, I Komala, A Yani and L Cyrilla
Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University(Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia

PP6-21

The characteristics of reducing odor substances using microorganisms and air
purification devices in an open pig farm
YJ No, YS Choi, MJ Ku and JY Jeong
Livestock Research Institute, Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services,
Gangin-gun, 59213, Korea

PP6-23

Effects of hydrothermal pre-treatment on methane potential of anaerobic digestion
sludge cake of cattle feedlot manure and pig slurry
JH Lee1,2 and YM Yoon1,2
1
Biogas Research Center, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea
2
Department of Environment Plant Life & Environmental, Hankyong National University, Anseong
17579, Korea

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Animal Science Congress

PP6-25

Ammonia emission characteristics of sows in mechanically- ventilated pig houseduring the fall
SY Park, JS Park, SE Woo, OH Hwang, JN Halder and MW Jung
National Institute of Animal Science, Jeonju, Korea

PP6-27

Identification of key factors for indoor air quality inside broiler house
KY Yang, KS Kwon, JB Kim, TH Ha and DH Jang
Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju-Gun, Korea

PP6-29Possibility evaluation of distinguishing moisture content of poultry litter using
thermal imaging camera
JB Kim, DH Jang, KY Yang, SY Chung and KS Kwon
National Institute of Animal Science, Jeonbuk, Wanjugun, Korea

PP6-31

Classification of the presence of fattening pig’s vocalization using deep learning
SY Chung, KY Yang, KS Kwon, DH Jang and JB Kim
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Develpoment Administration, Jeonbuk, Wanjugun, Korea

PP6-33

Evaluation of working environments for police dogs in Korea
EC Lee and SG Hwang
Korean Police Human Resources Development Institute, Asan, Korea

PP6-35Comparison of Tier 1 method of IPCC guidelines to calculate GHG from livestock
sectorNugrahaeningtyas Eska, Eun-Sook Ji, Jong-Sik Lee and Kyu-Hyun Park
College of Animal Life Science, Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National
University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea

PP6-37

Quality control of analyzer for measurement of atmospheric ammonia
DJ Yu, MW Jung and JS Park
Animal Environment Division, Department of Animal Biotechnology and Environment, National
Institute of Animal, Jeonbuk, Wanjugun, Korea

PP6-39Analysis of cortisol hormone residue in commercial milk to estimate the stresslevel of lactating cattle
M Ataallahi, GW Park, E Nugrahaeningtyas, M Dehghani and KH Park
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Korea

PP6-41

Research on clustering farming risks tolerance condition of Taiwan poultry industry
farmers
IH Chang and HY Kuo
Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Tainan, Taiwan

PP6-43

Effect of reduced dietary crude protein on odor and gaseous emissions from swine
manure: proof-of the-concept
J Wi1, 2, J Shin2, D Kim2, H Roh2, 3, S Lee2 and H Ahn2
1
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon,
Korea, 3Livestock Emvironmental Management Institute, Sejong, Korea

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PP6-45

A study on the dissolution of the fixed sludge formed in the liquid livestock manurestorage tank using a copper sulfate oxidant
SU Yoon, HY Yang, GR Kim, SY Lee and BO Kim
Livestock Environmental Management Institute, Sejong, Korea

PP6-47

Effect of a combination of renewable energy systems on the electricity
consumption, housing environment and growth performance in weaning pigs
HS Mun1,2, MA Dilawar1,3, IB Chung1, YH Kim4, S Mahfuz1, V Chem1, KMB Ampode1
and CJ Yang1,31
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 3Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System(BK21 Plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.

PP6-49Analysis of pig farm energy economics through solar power generation
HS Mun1,2, MA Dilawar1,3, YH Kim4, SR Lee5 and CJ Yang1,31
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 3Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System(BK21 Plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea, 5WP Co.,Ltd. Suncheon
58023, Korea

PP6-51

Effect of biochar addition on the mitigation of odor emissions from the bedded
pack dairy barn
JH Shin, YJ Lee, DH Kim, SH Lee and HK Ahn
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP6-53A study of calf defecation posture tracking using LSTM prediction technology
JK Lee1, HN Kang1, JH Kim1, SH Choi2 and DH Lee1
1
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
2
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea

PP6-55

A study on the correlation between the NH3 concentration and temperature,humidity in the pigsty using electrochemical sensor
HY Yang , SU Yoon, EK Jo, SM Choi and BO Kim
Livestock Environment Management Industry, Se-jong, Korea

PP6-57

Changes of material properties of pig manure compost between aerobic andanaerobic reactor
Hyunjong Kim1, Kwang-Hwa Jeong1, Jung-kon Kim1, Dong-jun Lee1 and Hoe-Man Park2
1
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju-Gun, Korea, 2National Institute of Agricultural
Sciences, RDA, Wanju-Gun, Korea

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Animal Science Congress

PP6-59Effect of different metallic electrodes on concentration reduction of solubleammonia and other nutrients from liquid manure sources by electrochemical
processes
JN Halder, OH Hwang, MW Jung, JS Park and SY Park
Animal Environment Division, Department of Animal Biotechnology and Environment, National
Institute of Animal Science, Jeollabuk-do, Wanju-gun, Korea

PP6-61

Effect of peat moss diet supplementation on NH3, H2S, and CH4 emissions fromsows
YJ Lee1 , DH Kim1, JH Shin1, SH Lee1, JH Lee2 and HK Ahn1
1
Department of Animal Biosystems Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea,
2
Livestock Environmental Management Institute, Korea

PP6-63

Survey of the quality status of livestock manure anaerobic-digested liquid fertilizer
in South Korea
SC Lee1, SH Park1, JW Park1, SH Hong2, SR Kim2 and MG Lee1
1
Sangji University, Wonju, Korea, 2Sanji Unversity Industry-Acadmic Cooperation Foundation,
Wonju, korea

PP6-65

Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide removal from centralized animal manure treatment
plant using a air circulation wet scrubber
SH Lee, DH Kim, JH Shin and HK Ahn
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP6-67

A study on the quality improvement through SS reduction and nitrogen-reinforced
livestock manure liquid fertilizer
SH Park1, SC Lee1, JW Jung1, SH Hong2, SR Kim2 and MG Lee1
1
Sangji University, Wonju, Korea, 2Sanji Unversity Industry-Acadmic Cooperation Foundation,
Wonju, Korea

PP6-69Evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions based on nutritional value from meatsource in Korea
GW Park and KH Park
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Korea

PP7
PP7-1

Animal Reproduction & Physiology

Aug. 25, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)

Method of improving the conception rate by using ovulation delay due tovaccination against foot-and-mouth disease in Korean cattle
DH Kim1, JK Yi1, JJ Ha1, JY Park1, DY Kim2, JH Park2 and WY Lee2
1
Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea, 2Lartbio Co., Ltd.,
Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea

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PP7-3

GRP78 play key roles related to male fertility via PI3K/PDK1/AKT pathway
WJ Lee1, JH Jo2, SI Jang2, EJ Jung1, JM Hwang1, JW Bae1 and WS Kwon1,2
1
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju,
Korea, 2Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea

PP7-5

Male reproductive toxicity of Ritonavir: insight into mouse sperm capacitation
EJ Jung1, JH Jo2, SI Jang2, WJ Lee1, JM Hwang1, JW Bae1 and WS Kwon1,2
1
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju,
Korea, 2Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea

PP7-7

Effects of mild FSH stimulation on bovine oocyte quality, in vitro embryo
production and resistance to virification and warming by ovum pick-up in Hanwoo(Bos taurus coreanae ) cows
JK Yi1, DH Kim1, DY Oh1, DJ Jung1, DJ Kim1, WY Lee2, G Jang3 and JJ Ha1
1
GB Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju, Korea, 2Lartbio Co.Ltd, Seoul, Korea, 3Seoul National
University, Seoul, Korea

PP7-9

The expression of oxytocin receptor in the horse brain
YW Jung1 and MJ Yoon1,2,3
1
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju,
Korea, 2Department of Horse, Companion and Wild Animal Science, Kyungpook National
University, Sangju, Korea, 3Research Center for Horse Industry, Kyungpook National University,
Sangju, Korea

PP7-11

Relationship between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and fertility in dairy cattle
J Lee, DS Kim, JK Son, KS Lee, EJ Jeon, DH Kim, MH Han and S Hwang
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheon-an, Korea

PP7-13

Colony stimulating factors and their receptors: expression and regulation in theendometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in pigs
Yugyeong Cheon, Inkyu Yoo, Soohyung Lee and Hakhyun Ka
Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea

PP7-15The corpus luteum quality and blood metabolites on recipient cows does not affectpregnancy rate after embryo transfer in Hanwoo cows
SS Kang1, SR Cho1, IR Yoon1, MS Lee1, EK Ko2, NT Kim2 and UH Kim1
1
Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang, Korea,
2
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Hamyang,
Korea

PP7-17

Discovering copy number variation in the Korean Duroc using high-density SNP chip
ES Cho1, YS Kim1, JK Hong1, SJ Sa1, HS Seong1, YM Kim1, SJ Ha2, HJ Baek2, JK Kim2,
WH Chung3 and JW Choi2
1
Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan, Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon
National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 3Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food ResearchInstitute, Wanju, Korea

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PP7-19Effect of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase on porcine embryonic development
Ying-Jie Niu1,2, Xiao-Han Li1, Qi-Sheng Zuo1,2 and Xiang-Shun Cui1
1
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea, 2Joint
International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of
Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.

PP7-21

Mitochondrial dysfunction during in vitro maturation of rotenone-exposed porcine
oocytes
G Heo, DJ Zhou and XS Cui
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea

PP7-23

Dominant proportion of vaginal epithelial cells at the completion of hormonal
stimulation in female goats
N Promsao1, P Yama1, M Sangkate1, A Suriard1, W U-krit1,2, S Tangtaweewipat1, S Tola1,
R Maktrirat3, P Intawicha4 W Inyawilert5, NV Linh1,6, HV Doan1,6 and T Moonmanee1,61Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University,
Thailand, 2Sing Buri College of Agriculture and Technology, Muang Sing Buri, Sing Buri,
Thailand, 3Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 4Division of Animal Science, School of Agriculture andNatural Resources, University of Phayao, Thailand, 5Department for Agricultural Science, Facultyof Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Thailand, 6Innovative
Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Thailand

PP7-25Wheat phytase potentially enhanced the viability of HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells
against UDP-induced cytotoxicity
JM An and JS Cho
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP7-27

Optimizing fixed time artificial insemination efficiency through Co-Synch techniques inwater buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis )CF Dela Cruz1, EC Atabay1,2, EP Atabay1 and JPR Apolinario1
1
Reproduction and Physiology Section, Philippine Carabao Center, National Headquarters,
Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, 3120 Philippines, 2Philippine Carabao Center at CLSU,
Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, 3120 Philippines

PP7-29Heat stress altered the rumen fermentation characteristics, rumen microbialcommunity composition, and blood parameters of mid-lactating Holstein dairy
cows
SH Kim1, RA Valencia1, SC Ramos1, MA Miguel1, YP Naing1, SS Lee2 and SS Lee1
1
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP7-31

Changes of estrus in milk yield, milk composition, rumen environment, behavioral
pattern, and physiological traits in Holstein dairy cows
HG Ryu1, YH Jo1, JS Lee1, HW Jin2, HK Ko3, DY Shin3, SR Lee1 and HG Lee1
1
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2Dongbang S&D Co., Ltd, Seoul, Korea, 3National Agricultural
Cooperative Federation Agribusiness Group, NongHyup, Gyeonggi-do, Korea

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PP7-33

Effect of lipid-rich bovine serum albumin (LR-BSA) on the development of in vitro
fertilized bovine embryos
DJ Kwon, KD Park and HK Lee
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP7-35

Effects of oxidative stress on primordial follicle formation and follicle development
in SOD1 deficient mice
Sasaki Ayana, Tomioka Chinatsu and Kimura Naoko
Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Yamagata
University, Tsuruoka, Japan

PP7-37

Effect of valine addition on chicken semen after freezing and thawing according to
the type of freezing medium
JY Lee, SW Kim, CL Kim and YK Ko
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, Keoyngnam, Korea

PP7-39Bisphenol A induces inflammation in mouse skeletal muscle and inhibits myoblast
differentiation
SH Shin, SM Kim, DY Kim, JM Kim and BY Ryu
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, An-Seong, 17546 Korea

PP7-41

Ancestral BPA exposure leads to dynamic transgenerational plasticity on mice
reproduction
Md Saidur Rahman, Yoo-Jin Park, Elikanah Olusayo Adegoke, DY Ryu, WK Pang, MJ Jungand MG Pang
Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University,
Anseong, 17546, Korea

PP7-43

Bisphenol-AF induces robust apoptosis in testicular germ cell line GC-1 (spg)
JH Jeon, SH Shin, BJ Shin, GU Han and BY Ryu
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea

PP7-45Oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins of spermatozoa affect boar fertility
BM Lee, YJ Park, Md Saidur Rahman, Elikanah Olusayo Adegoke, DY Ryu, WK Pangand MG Pang
Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University,
Anseong, 17546, Korea

PP7-47

How to use the ultrasonic cutter for the frozen semen evaluation
SW Kim, GY Lee, JY Lee, CL Kim and YG Ko
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea

PP7-49Consistent and automatic detection for acrosome reaction of the micro-modified
plasma membranes in boar sperm with deep learning-based approach
SH Lee1, J Jo1, J Ahn1, T Lee1, HT Cheong2, S Lee1 and CK Park1
1
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2School of
Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

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PP8

Animal Biotechnology

Aug. 25, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)PP8-1

Season-dependent expression level of molecular markers for stallion germ cells
Muhammad Shakeel1,2, Heejun Jung1 and Minjung Yoon1,3,4
1
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224,
Korea, 2Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali
Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 44000, Pakistan, 3Department of Horse, Companion
and Wild Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea, 4Reseach Centerfor Horse Industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea

PP8-3

Exploration of pretentious animal genetic resources of Pakistan
Asif Nadeem
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Virtual University of Pakistan,
Lahore, Pakistan

PP8-5

Sensitivity and specificity determination of an in-house indirect enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay for African horse sickness antibody detection in horses
Machimaporn Taesuji, Khate Rattanamas, Nutnaree Kunanusont, Usakorn Kulthonggate
and Sakchai Ruenphet
Mahanakorn University of Technology, Thailand

PP8-7

Stability and detection limit of avian influenza virus on flinders technology
associates card using conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain
reaction
K Rattanamas, M Taesuji, U Kulthonggate and S Ruenphet
Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand

PP8-9

Humoral immune response of in-house inactivated newcastle disease vaccine
using water in oil adjuvant and strategy for vaccination in broiler chicken
N Kunanusont, S Wutthiwitthayaphong and S Ruenphet
Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand

PP8-11

Safety evaluation and anti-fatigue performance of goat extract in C57BL/6 miceHsin-Tai Hong1, Tsung-Hsien Hsu1,2, Chien-Chao Chiu1 and Chean-Ping Wu2
1
Animal Technology Laboratories, Agricultural Technology, Miaoli, Taiwan, 2Department of
Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan

PP8-13

No detrimental effect of repeated ovum pick-up (OPU) on in vitro embryo productionin Jersey cows
DS Kim1,2, JH Lee1, EJ Jeon1, JK Son1, MH Han1 and SS Hwang1
1
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea, 2Department
of Applied Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea

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PP8-15

Lysophosphatidic acid potentiates nocodazole to induce chemical enucleation of
porcine oocytes
CF Tu1, CH Wong1, C Hsiao2, SH Peng1, HR Chang1 and YT Ju2
1
Agricultural Technology Institute Taiwan, Taiwan, 2National Taiwan University, Taiwan

PP8-17

Insect peptide CopA3 increases the cell viability that decreased by heat stress in
porcine muscle satellite cells
JE Lee1, JR Park2, JR Kim2, HS Choe2, DR Kang2 and KS Shim1,2
1
Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju,
Korea, 2Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP8-19Differential sensitivity to LPS influences the activation of TLR4 signaling pathway
in THP-1 cells and PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells
YK Kim and JH Hwang
Animal Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeollabuk-do, Korea

PP8-21Ochratoxin A-mediated inflammation affects intestinal barrier function via TLRs/
MyD88 signaling in small intestinal epithelial cells in pigs
JW Yoon1 and SI Lee1,21Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju,
Korea, 2Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea

PP8-23CRISPR/Cas9 mediated targeting of the cd163 gene in porcine embryos
MR Park, KB Oh, H Lee, TU Kwak, JY Lee and JH Lim
Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500 Kongjwipatjwiro, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Korea

PP8-25Isolation and characterization of chicken primordial germ cells derived from multiembryonic gonads
H Yang, BR Lee, H Wi, S Kim, S Lee, J No, SK Jung, YJ Jo and SJ Byun
Animal Biotechnology Division, National Insitute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju-gun, Korea

PP8-27

Effect of Sargassum horneri containing Fucoxanthin on laying hens
IS Ha1, SP Shin1, SE Kim1, GH Kim2, HJ Ryu2, KS Kang3 and TS Park1,2
1
Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun,Gangwon-do 25354, Korea, 2Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul
National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Korea, 3Shingu college, Seongnam-si,
Gyeonggi-do, 13174, Korea

PP8-29Comparison of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cell number isolated by two
different methods, grinding vs. hand mincing
BS Kim, YS Jo, HY Lim, HW Jung and SK Park
Sejong University, Seoul, Korea

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PP8-31Analysis of regulatory pathways in muscle of myostatin knock-out chickens
SE Kim1, GH Kim2, HJ Ryu2, SP Shin1, IS Ha1, BC Park1,2 and TS Park1,2
1
Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun,Gangwon-do 25354, Korea, 2Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul
National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Korea

PP8-33Development of rapid kit based on CRISPR-Cas13 system for BVD virus detection
SE Hwang, YS Lee, JY Lee, SJ Hong, HY Lim and HD Hwang
Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea

PP8-35Single cell RNA sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells frompigs with the JA142 strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)
Sunirmal Sheet1, Byeonghwi Lim2, Seung-Chai Kim3, Choi-Kyu Park4, Jun-Mo Kim2,
Won-Il Kim3, Kyung-Tai Lee1 and Jae-Hwan Kim1
1
Animal Genome and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365,
Korea, 2Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong Gyeonggido, 17546, Korea, 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Jeollabukdo, 54596, Korea, 4College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea

PP8-37

Oropharyngeal, proximal colonic, and vaginal microbiomes of Korean native black
pig gilts
Ki-Duk Song1,2, Andrew Wange Bugenyi2, Jae-Young Heo1 and Hak-Kyo Lee1,21Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Departmentof Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP8-39The effect of L-carnitine on proliferation and differentiation of bovine satellite cells
isolated from Hanwoo longissimus dorsi and semimembranosus muscle
DH Kang1, BH Park1, HB Lee2 and KY Chung1
1
Korea National University of Agriculutre and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea, 2Pathway Intermediates,
Seoul, Korea

PP8-41

Comprehensive transcriptome analyses of liver and muscle of the Ogye chickens
Palaniselvam Kuppusamy1, Jae-Young Heo1 and Ki-Duk Song1,2
1
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Departmentof Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP8-43

Analyzing immune rejection in meniscus xenotransplantation using normal andtriple knockout Jeju Native pigs
Seungwon Yoon1,2, Yunhui Min2, Chungyu Park1, Dahye Kim3, Yunji Heo4, Mangeun Kim2,
Young-Ok Son2,4 and Chang-Gi Hur1,2
1
Cronex Co. Ltd., Jeju-si 63078, Korea, 2Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced
Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea, 3Divisionof Animal Genetics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55465,
Korea, 4Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life
Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea

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PP8-45

Protective effects of functional feed additives on oxidative stress induced chicken
intestinal epithelial cells
HW Kim, SY Lee, SJ Hur, DY Kil and JH Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea

PP8-47

Enhanced paracrine and migratory efficacy of canine adipose-derived mesenchymal
stem cells (cA-MSCs) by IFN-γ treatment
Hayeon Wi, Poongyeon Lee, Bo-Ram Lee, Seunghoon Lee, Seokho Kim and Sun A Ock
Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea

PP8-49Effects of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate in sperm function
EG Kim and MO Kim
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology of Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si,
Korea

PP8-51

Silymarin complemented with an herbal medicine, gunreyngtang attenuates thehepatic lipid accumulation signaling pathway induced by the oleic acid
Si-On Song and Sei-Jung Lee
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea

PP8-53Silymarin and Zedoariae rhizoma synergistically inhibit protein kinase c signaling
pathway responsible for apoptotic cell death induced by ethanol in humanhepatocytes
Eun-Ju Kim, Do-wan Kim, Seung-Hwan Chang and Sei-Jung Lee
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea

PP8-55

Effect of α-tocopherol on cadmium-induced oxidative stress in skeletal muscle ofSprague-Dawley rats
NE Yang, MJ Kim, YS Moon, IS Jang and HW Kim
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP8-57The microbiome–transcriptome-metabolome integration analysis in the piglet gut
during the weaning transition
C Lim, YJ Seo and JM Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea

PP9
PP9-1

626

Animal Breeding & Genetics

Aug. 25, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)

Telomere length genetics: biomarker of early age metabolic activities and oxidative
impact in broiler chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)
Kazeem Ajasa Badmus1, Zulkifli Idrus2, Yong Meng Goh3 and Kamalludin Mamat-Hamidi2
1
Department of Animal Science Federal University Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria, 2Department of
Animal Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, 3Department of Veterinary PreClinical Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-3

Association of MUC4 g.243A>G polymorphism with production performance ofLandrace and Yorkshire pigs in the tropics: the case of Vietnam
DD Luc1, NH Thinh1, HX Bo1, DT Phuong2, PT Tuoi3, VD Ton1 and F Farnir4
1
Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2Sunjin Vina Co., Ltd – Ha Nam
Branch, Ha Nam, Vietnam, 3Hong Duc University, Thanh Hoa, Vietnam, 4University of Liège,
Liège, Belgium

PP9-5

Detecting the roan factor of pigs using a simple molecular marker
HA Kim, MC Shin, JH Yoo, YJ Kang, SG Kim, SY Kim, BC Yang and IC Cho
Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Jeju, Korea

PP9-7

Using high-density array to analyze the genetic structure of Taiwan commercial pig
pop-ulations
YW Hsiao1, PH Wang2 and CS Chang1
1
Department of Animal Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Department of
Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

PP9-9

Development of the new synthetic Korean native commercial chicken
KB Shin, EJ Cho, KG Kim, BG Kim, SG Lee, SH Lee and SH Sohn
GyeongSang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP9-11Analysis of telomere content and immune-related gene expression levels according
to age in Korean native chickens
SG Lee, EJ Cho, KG Kim, BG Kim, KB Shin, SH Lee and SH Sohn
GyeongSang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP9-13

Estimation of combining ability of production traits from diallel crosses of Koreannative chickens to develop a new synthetic layer
KG Kim, EJ Cho, BG Kim, KB Shin, SG Lee, SH Lee and SH Sohn
GyeongSang National University, Jinju, Korea

PP9-15

Application of deep learning with bivariate models for genomic prediction of sow
lifetime productivity traits
JK Hong, HS Seong, ES Cho, YS Kim and SJ Sa
Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan, Korea

PP9-17GWAS of total 54 carcass traits in the commercial crossbred pig population withbreed partitioning
SH Lee, CG Dang, MN Park and SS Lee
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea

PP9-19Genetic evaluation for linear type traits in Korea Holstein cattle
JG Lee, CG Dang, HB Yoon, MN Park, SS Lee, HK Jang, SH Lee, YC Lee, M Alam,M Naserkheil and CY Lee
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si, Korea

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PP9-21

Estimation of genomic prediction accuracies for milk somatic cell score in Korean
Holstein dairy cattle
CG Dang1, JG Lee1 and JJ Lee2
1
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si, Korea, 2Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea

PP9-23

Study on factors affecting calving ease trait in Korean Holstein cattle
M Alam, JG Lee and CG Dang
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan, P.O. 31000, Cheonan, Korea

PP9-25

Genetic correlation estimates of carcass traits measured at 24 and 30 months ofage in national genetic evaluation system of Hanwoo (Korean beef cattle)
MN Park1, M Alam1, CI Cho2, SH Lee1 and M Naserkheil1
1Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea,
2
Hanwoo Genetic Improvement Center, Seosan, Korea

PP9-27

Determination of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes
known to relate with reproductive traits in Vietnamese chicken
Anh Nguyen Thai1,Thinh Nguyen Hoang1, Linh Nguyen Thuy2 and Luc Do Duc1
1
Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh,
Vietnam

PP9-29Estimation of genetic parameters for carcass traits of steers and cows in thecommercial farm of Hanwoo cattle
H Mehrban1, YJ Han2, DM Lee2, GY Won2, GH Jeong2, SJ Kim3, JH Son3 and YM Koo3
1
Department of Animal Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran, 2Department of AnimalLife & Environment Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Korean Animal
Improvement Association, Seoul, Korea

PP9-31

Selection index for maximum profit of carcass merits in the commercial farm ofHanwoo cows
YM Koo1, SJ Kim1, JH Son1, DM Lee2, YJ Han2, H Mehrban3 and M Naserkheil4
1
Korean Animal Improvement Association, Seoul, Korea, 2Department of Animal Life &Environment Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Department of Animal
Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran, 4Animal Breeding and Genetics Division,
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si 31000, Korea

PP9-33

Analysis of growth traits in colored Korea native duck by strain and sex
HK Kim, HJ Choo, IS Jeon, JJ Ham, YS Kim and SD Kim
National Institute of Animal Science, Avian Research Institute, Korea

PP9-35Use of Agro-meteorological grid square data to estimate heat-tolerance
heritabilities of Holstein cows in JapanS Ishida1, T Osawa2, S Yamaguchi3, T Yamazaki4, T Baba5 and K Hagiya1
1
Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan, 2National Livestock
Breeding Center, Nishigo, Fukushima, Japan, 3Livestock Improvement Association of Japan,
Tokyo, Japan, 4Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, NARO, Sapporo, Japan, 5Holstein Cattle
Association of Japan, Hokkaido Branch, Sapporo, Japan628

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-37

Livestock production in the phenomic era
JC Jang1,2, YJ Jung1, MJ Jeong1, KK Cho1, KH Chung1, DH Kim1,2 and SH Oh1,2
1
Division of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea,
2Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea

PP9-39

Monitoring and analysis of international issues on animal genetic resources
JH Kim, KN Heo, DH Jin and SC Kim
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Hamyang Gyeongnam, Korea

PP9-41Mating strategies for controlling inbreeding level using genomic information inbreeding program
DH Lee1, JM Kang1, DJ Lee1, YK Kim1, YJ Chung1, N. PT Dinh2, YS Kim2, DW Seo3 and SH Lee1
1
Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea,
2
Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
3
TNT Research Co., 14059, P.O. Box, Gyeonggi-do, Korea

PP9-43

Relationship between genetic effects and growth performance in purebred andcrossbred pigs
YS Kim1, HS Seong1, ES Cho1, JW Choi2 and JK Hong11
Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan, Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon
National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP9-45

Genome-wide association study on fatty acid composition in F2 crossbred chicken
population
EJ Cho1, MJ Kim1, JH Cha2, DH Jin3, YS Kim1 and JH Lee1
1
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju,
Korea, 3National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea

PP9-47Comparative transcriptome analysis of Korea native cattle (Hanwoo) from 10 and 26
month in two fat tissues reveals changes in fat composition with age
WC Park1, HH Chai1, JE Park1, YJ Lim1, JH Son1, SA Jung1, NR An1, HN Kim1, MJ Chang1,
HJ Choi1, SS Jang2 and DJ Lim1
1
Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju
55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 2Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2Hanwoo Research Institute,
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea

PP9-49Genetic diversity of 20 selected olfactory receptor genes of pigs using sequencebased typing
M Kang, MT Le, S Youk, B Ahn, H Jeon and C Park
Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology Graduate School of Konkuk University,
Seoul, Korea

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PP9-51

Diffenentially expressed genes and their function under heat stress in blood oflayer chicken
HN Kim1, HR Kim2, WC Park1, HH Chai1, MJ Jang1 and JE Park1
1
Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA,
Wanju 55365, Korea, 2Division of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, National Institute of Animal
Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea

PP9-53

Genetic characterization of Kyrgyz native horses using a high-density SNP chip
SC Kim, KN Heo, DH Jin and JH Kim
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Hamyang Gyeongnam, Korea

PP9-55

Genomic partitioning of genetic variance using multi-OMICS data in Hanwoo
breeding program
YK Kim1, DH Lee1, JM Kang1, DJ Lee1, YJ Chung1, DW Seo2 and SH Lee1
1
Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea,
2
TNT Research Co., 14059, P.O. Box, Gyeonggi-do, Korea

PP9-57The study of differentially methylated region gene on digestive system tissue inlong-tailed chicken
HJ Choi, DJ Lim, JE Park, WC Park and HH ChaiNational Institute of Animal Science, Wnaju, Korea

PP9-59

Genome-wide association study of egg production traits in a Ogye × White Leghron
chicken F2 resource population
DH Jin1, JH Kim1, SC Kim1, JH Cha2, KT Lee2, JA Lim2, HH Chai2 and SA Jung2
1
Korea Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA,
Hamyang, Korea, 2Korea Animal Genome & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science,
RDA, Wanju, Korea

PP9-61Analysis accuracy and estimated breeding value using pedigree and genotype of
the Korean beef (Hanwoo) sibling group
EH Kim1, HC Kang2, DW Sun3, CH Myung1, JY Kim1, DH Lee3, SH Lee4 and HT Lim1
1
Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Department of
Animal Science and Biotechnology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 3Gyeongnam
Animal Science & Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 4Department of
Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

PP9-63

Analysis of chicken feather color phenotypes classified as K-means clustering
JH Park1, SY Heo1, MJ Kim2, EJ Cho1, JH Cha3, DH Jin4, YJ Koh1, SH Lee1,2 and JH Lee1,21Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea, 3National
Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 4National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea

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PP9-65Generation of ovalbumin-null chickens and ovalbumin deficient eggs using genome
editing technology
JS Park, JH Shim, YM Kim and JY Han
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agricultureand Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea

PP9-67Single nucleotide polymorphism in the seed region of miRNA and its binding to a
specific-site within the 3’UTR of GPAM in Korean Native cattle
JY Lee1, HY Lim1, SJ Hong1, HD Hwang1 and YS Lee1,21School of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong, 17579, Korea,
2
Center for Genetic Information, Hankyong National University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong, 17579, Korea

PP9-69Analysis of linkage disequilibrium in Hanwoo cows
SW Oh and D Yoon
Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea

PP9-71The polymorphisms of ANGPTL2 gene associated with composition of fatty acidand cholesterol in sheep
K Listyarini1, C Sumantri2, S Rahayu2, MJ Uddin3, E Gustia4 and A Gunawan2
1
Graduate School of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB
University, Indonesia, 2Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal
Science, IPB University, Indonesia, 3School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch,
Australia, 4Department of Regional Development Management, Faculty of Economics andManagement, IPB University, Indonesia

PP9-73

Elucidation of breed-specific variants of native pigs in Korea: insights into pig
breeds’ genomic characteristics
YS Lee, SW Son, VK Gosu, SP Sahoo and DH Shin
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP9-75

A study on the estimation of linkage disequilibrium using SNP of Korean beef
(Hanwoo) in Jeollabuk-do
Jisuk Yu, Dohyun Kim, Jaedon Oh and Hakkyo Lee
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP9-77The effect of breed and growth hormone receptor genotype on the heat tolerance
coefficient in dairy cow
S Maylinda1 and A Mahmud2
1
Staff member in Faculty of Animal Science Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia, 2Staff
member in Faculty of Animal Science at University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia

PP9-79Estimation of prediction accuracy of GEBV for Axiom based genomic markers andHanwoo Carcass Traits
SJ Kim1, JH Son1, YH Jung1, TJ Choi2, DM Lee3, JJ Lee4 and YM Koo1
1
KoreanAnimal Improvement Association, Seoul, Korea, 2Animal Breeding and Genetics Division,
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si 31000, Korea, 3Department of Animal Life &Environment Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong Korea, 4Chungang University, CAU,
Anseong, 17546, Korea

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PP9-81

Genome-wide association study reveals that chromosome Z and 20 account for a
substantial proportion of phenotypic variance of the skin color trait in a
Ogye × White Leghorn F2 chicken population
Jihye Cha1, Daehyeok Jin2, Jae-Hwan Kim1, Seung-Chang Kim2, Jin A Lim1, Han-Ha Chai1,
Seul a Jung1 and Jun-Heon Lee3
1
Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju
55365, Korea, 2Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science,
RDA, Hamyang 50000, Korea, 3Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam
National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea

PP9-83

Estimation of the accuracy of genomic predictions for reproductive traits in Korean
Hanwoo female populations using high-density SNP chip
MA Haque1, HC Bae1, TE Um1, EC Lee1, BNR Bae1, JI Won2, J Shill2, BH Park2, JJ Ha3,
YM Lee1 and JJ Kim1
1
Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute ofAnimal Science, RDA, Korea, 3Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institue, Yeongju, Korea

PP9-85Comparison of genomic prediction accuracy for carcass traits by slaughtered at
24- and 30- months in Hanwoo
S Byun1, H Min1,C Cho2 and J Lee3
1
Livestock Research Center, NongHyup Agribusiness Group Inc., Anseong 17558, Korea,
2
Hanwoo Genetic Improvement Center, NongHyup Agribusiness Group Inc., Seosan 31948, Korea,
3
Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Biotechnology andNatural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea

PP9-87

Estimation of genetic parameters and correlation between genomic breedingvalues and carcass traits in Hanwoo steers
HC Bae1, TE Um1, MA Haque1, A Iqbal1, A Shrabana1, EC Lee1, BNR Bae1, JJ Ha2,
YM Lee1 and JJ Kim1
1
Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institue, Yeongju,
Korea

PP9-89Estimation of genetic parameters and correlation between reproductive andcarcass traits in Hanwoo cows
HC Bae1, TE Um1, MA Haque1, A Iqbal1, A Shrabana1, EC Lee1, BNR Bae1, JJ Ha2,
YM Lee1 and JJ Kim1
1
Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institue, Yeongju,
Korea

PP9-91

Genetic composition of Jeju black commercial individuals and the reciprocal
effects of carcass quality traits on GEBV evaluation in commercial Jeju black cattle
TE Um, HC Bae, MA Haque, A Iqbal, A Shrabana, EC Lee, BNR Bae, YM Lee and JJ Kim
Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea

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PP9-93Development of an automated genomic ability evaluation system based on genomic
information on Hanwoo carcass traits
YS Kim1, OC Kwon1, K Tseveen1, EI Hong1, KB Kim2, SH Lee3, JJ Kim4 and HM Park1
1
TNT Research Co. Ltd., Anayna-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 2Korea Institute for Animal Products
Quality Evaluation, Sejong, Korea, 3Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 4Yeunganam
University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea

PP9-95The new combination of MS markers for parentage and identity testing of Hanwoo
Dongwon Seo, Dong-Joon Kim, Yumi Jo, Mijin Lee, Byeong Kyu Park, Changmin Oh,
Inhye Seo and Myunghum ParkTNT Research Co.,Ltd, Korea

PP9-97Comparison of SNP variation and extent of linkage disequilibrium in Holstein andJersey cattle populations in Korea
HK Lee1, KD Park1, JW Seo2 and JH Lee2
1
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea, 2GeneApps Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea

PP9-99MCW0312 microsatellite variability in indonesian native chickens
F Mustofa1, A P Z N L Sari1, A Fathoni1, H Sasongko2 and D Maharani1
1
Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas GadjahMada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia, 2Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal
Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

PP10 Animal HealthAug. 25, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)

PP10-1Analysis of inflammatory markers in blood related with the occurrence of
subcutaneous abscesses in goats
Ji-Yeong Ku and Jinho Park
College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea

PP10-3

Evaluation of efficacy of FeverNil as vaccine stress-relieving agent to reduce theadverse effects of FMD vaccination in pig
WH Oh, SY Yang, YJ Cho, SJ Lee and JH Han
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP10-5African swine fever virus tropism in experimentally infected pigs
SI Oh1, VN Bui2, DT Dao2, NA Bui2, DJ Lim1, HG Lee1, YH Jung1, SW Yi1, SHMP Wimalasena1,
E Kim1, EY Bok1, TY Hur1 and HS Lee3
1
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2National Institute of Veterinary Research,
Hanoi, Vietnam, 3International Livestock Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam

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PP10-7

Dynamics of major acute-phase protein in pigs experimentally infected with Africanswine fever virus
SHMP Wimalasena1, KH Cho2, SK Hong2, JY Park2, HG Lee1, YH Jung1, E Kim1, EY Bok1,
SW Yi1, TY Hur1 and SI Oh1
1
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon,
Korea

PP10-9A survey on the relationship between tail length and formation of amputationneuromas at pig slaughterhouses
YC Lee, SJ Han and JH Han
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

PP10-11

Analysis of major disease antibody change for 7th Korean Native Chickens in
Poultry research instituteAre-Sun You, Bo-Suk Kang, Hwan-Ku Kang, Jin-Joo Jeon, Hyun-Soo Kim, Eui-Chul Hong,
Jiseon Son and Hee-Jin Kim
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea

PP10-13

Subsistence of African swine fever virus and viral antibodies in survivor pigs bynatural infection
DD Luc1, LV Phan1, NT Anh1, NH Thinh1, HX Bo1, PK Dang1, HTM Le1, NV Giap1,
VD Ton1 and F Farnir2
1
Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2University of Liège, Liège, Belgium

PP10-15

Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay-based test
kit for the detection/screening of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV)MM Balbin, DG dela Cruz, JJ Gautane, MA Villanueva, GASP Tubalinal, CN Mingala
Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija
Philippines

PP10-17

Broad targeting of C-type lectin receptors and TLR3 by a cationic adjuvant
formulation (CAF09) combined with pustulan in chicken subunit vaccines may
support cell mediated immunity
Tina S Dalgaard1, Rikke B Kjaerup1, Frederik T Larsen2, Dennis Christensen3, Signe T
Schmidt3, Keesun Yu4 and Cheol-Heui Yun4
1
Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Foulum, Denmark, 2Department ofBiochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,3
Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark,4
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

PP10-19

Dynamic changes of metabolome and immunity in Jersey steers under heat stress
SJ Lee1, DS Park1, JS Eom2 and M Kim1
1
Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea, 2Gyeongsang National University, Jinju,
52828, Korea

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PP10-21

A Weissella paramesenteroides mastitis outbreak in a smallholder dairy farm withlong-term high bulk somatic cell count: a case report
Anyaphat Srithanasuwan1,2, Noppason Pangprasit1,3, Montira Intanon4,5 andWitaya Suriyasathaporn2,5
1
Ph.D. Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak
University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand, 4Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public
Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 5Research Center of Producing
and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health and Production, Chiang Mai
University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

PP10-23

The effect of poultry feeding on heat stress with Prinsepia uniflora
Chia-Hung Yen1, Yi-Ming Chen1, His-Wen Hung2, Jeng-Bin Lin2 and Tsui-Miao Chen2
1
Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan, 2Livestock Research Institution, Taiwan

PP10-25

Evaluation of the safety and protective effect for kidney cell using five medicinal
plantsJY On, GW Ga, JM Kim, SG Moon, SH Kim, SW Jeon and SK Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

PP11

Animal Microbiology

Aug. 25, 13:00-14:20 / Foyer (3F)

PP11-1The prevalence of causative agents of calf diarrhea in Korean native calves
Ji-Yeong Ku1, Jeong-Byoung Chae2, Kyoung-Seong Choi3 and Jinho Park1
1
College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea, 2Laboratoryof Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research,
Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National
University, Seoul 08826, Korea, 3Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of
Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, 37224, Korea

PP11-3

Efficient washing protocol for animal Eimeria collected from feces
JR Kim, JO Cha, KS Shim and DR Kang
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

PP11-5

Animal gut microbiome bank (AGMB)SW Ryu1, BS Oh1, SY Yu1, JE Bak1, SW Kang1, SH Park1, MK Lee1, JY Lee1, HJ Jung2,
TY Hur2, HB Kim3, JK Kim4, JH Lee5 and JH Lee1
1
Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of
Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science,
Cheonan 31000, Korea, 3Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan
31116, Korea, 4Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute,Jeongeup 56212, Korea, 5Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural
Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

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PP11-7

Effects of probiotic supplementation on growth performance and fecal microbiota
in heat-stressed broilers
HY Kuo and IH Chang
Livestock Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan

PP11-11

Isolation and genetic analysis of Pediococcus acidilactici BB2-4M implicated in low
methane emissions
M Won, KM Koo, DH Kim, D Lee, BH Han, SB Hong, SW Kwon and J Heo
Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural
Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Korea

PP11-13

A study on relationship between microbiota of newborn calves, their mothers andcolostrum
DH Kim, DJS Jung, DH Lim, JH Lee, EJ Jeon and KS Ki
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Sicence, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan, Korea

PP11-15

Genome-wide identification and functional characterization of bat cathelicidins
M Choi, HS Cho, N Soundrarajan, P Somasundaram and C Park
Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk
University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea

PP11-17

Streptococcus ruminicola sp. nov., a new species of the Streptococcus bovis/
Streptococcus equinus complex (SBSEC) isolated from the rumen in
Korean domestic ruminants
SY Park1, JH Kim2 and SW Seo1
1
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea

PP11-19

The field test in a pig farm by systemic probiotics application
Y Shin1, HJ Jang1, M Park1, DH Kim1,2 and Y Kim1
1
Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, Korea,
2
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea

PP11-21

Characterization of rumen-originated membrane vesicles and functionality
evaluation using C. elegans animal model
HJ Choi, DY Mun, WJ Lee, AN Kang, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee, SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

PP11-23

Dietary postbiotic heat-killed lactobacilli modulates on body weight associated withgut microbiota in a pig model
SD Ryu, AN Kang, DY Mun, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi, D Lee,JB Lee and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

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PP11-25

Integrated biobank for agriculture, food and livestock microbiome: effective
culturomics approach to explore the gut microbiota of domestic and companion
animals
WJ Lee, DY Mun, HJ Choi, AN Kang, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee,SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

PP11-27

Development of health functional microbial products for dogs using dog-derived
probiotic strains
MJ Kim, YM Hwang, YJ Kim, BJ Moon and SH LeeWOOGENE B&G CO., LTD., Hwaseong-si, Korea

PP11-29

DL-indole-3-lactic acid (ILA) alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice throughinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ
X Wang, D Li, H Jo and S Oh
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea

PP11-31

The effects of a dietary supplement with barley sprout on the gut microbiome in dog
HW Cho, KM Seo, JR Chun and KH Kim
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Korea

PP11-33

Multi-probiotic Lactobacillus supplementation improves liver function and reducescholesterol levels in Jeju native pigs
DH Kim1, YH Min2, JW Yang1, YJ Heo1, MG Kim2, DS Godagama Gamaarachchige2,
SO Son1,2, 3, 4 and DS Lee2, 3, 4, 5
1
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences,
Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Korea, 2Interdisciplinary Graduate
Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju Special
Self-Governing Province, Korea, 3Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju National
University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Korea, 4Practical Translational Research Center,
Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Korea, 5Faculty of Biotechnology,
College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea

PP11-35

Effects of litter application on growth performance and cecal microbiota in broilers
SH Park, BH Kim, MJ Kim, JY Jeong and HJ Jung
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea

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PP1-1

Comparing effect of selenium from selenium-enriched kalesprout and selenium-enriched yeast on laying hens
A Chantiratikul1, O Arunsangseesod1, A Wangkahart1, K Leamsamrong2 and P Chantiratikul3
1

Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham
University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, 2Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajabhat Maha
Sarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, 3Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University,
Maha Sarakham, Thailand
anut.c@msu.ac.th

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace mineral, involving in several biological roles: antioxidant activity, immune, andreproductive functions. Organic Se has been reported to have higher availability compared to that of inorganic Se.
There are many organic Se sources for animal such as Se-enriched yeast (SY). Se-enriched kale sprout (Brassica
oleracea var. alboglabra L.) (SK) has been found its higher efficacy compared to inorganic Se in poultry. However,the study on effect of Se from SK and SY on performance of hens is now lacking. Therefore, the objective of thisexperiment was to compare effect of Se from SK and SY on egg production, Se bioavailability and egg Se content
in laying hens. One-hundred and eighty, 61 week-old, hens were divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates each,according to a CRD with a 2 × 2 + 1 augmented factorial arrangement. The two factors were Se sources and levelsof Se addition. The diets were basal diet, basal diets added 0.2 and 0.4 mg Se/kg from SK and SY, respectively.
The 4 week-trial was tested. The findings revealed egg production was not changed by Se addition, but increased(p < 0.05) with increasing levels of Se. Se bioavailability improved (p < 0.05) by sources and levels of Se addition.
Egg Se contents of hens received Se from SK and SY were not different (p > 0.05). However, it increased (p <0.05) with higher Se levels. Inconclusion, efficacy of Se from SK and SY was comparable on egg production, Se
bioavailability, and egg Se content in laying hens.
Keywords: selenium source, egg selenium content, availability of selenium
Table 1. Egg production, Se bioavailability and egg Se content of laying hens received Se from SK and SY
Items

SK1
(mg/kg)Basal diet

SY2
(mg/kg)p-value3

SEM

0.2

0.4

0.2

0.4

B

S

L

S×L

Egg production (%)

76.06

73.15

75.94

71.27

76.19

0.74

†

†

*

†

Se bioavailability (%)

70.63

76.39

78.24

75.92

78.55

0.81

*

†

†

†

Egg Se content (mg/kg)

0.31

0.76

0.98

0.77

0.98

0.08

*

†

*

†

1

SK = Se-enriched kale sprout, 2 SY = Se-enriched yeast.
3
B = Basal diet vs. others, S = SK vs. SY, L = Levels of Se addition, SxL = Se sources × levels.
* Significantly different at p < 0.05, † = Not significantly different at p > 0.05.

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-3

The effect of "organic protein" in feed on the carcass
quality, internal organ weight and enzymes activity ofbroiler
O Sjofjan1, MH Natsir1, YF Nuningtyas1 and SR Sari2
1

Staff of Animal Nutrition and Feed Department, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya,
Malang East Java, Indonesia, 2Student of Animal Nutrition and Feed Department, Faculty ofAnimal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang East Java, Indonesia
osfar@ub.ac.id

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Organic Protein in a feed on internal organs, carcass quality
and intestinal characteristics of broiler chickens. Organic Protein is a single cell protein product from PT. Miwon
Indonesia. The livestock used were 480 DOC which were given Organic Protein and added to commercial basal
feed. This research was conducted using a field experiment with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5treatments and 6 replications. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range
Test (DMRT). The use of Organic Protein had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the weight percentage of liver,lymph, heart, abdominal fat, carcass, and meat deposition, pH and viscosity of small intestine digesta and excretaammonia levels, but had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the weight percentage of gizzard and carcass, and theeffect was highly significant (p < 0.01) on the percentage of pancreas weight, meat cholesterol and the activity ofamylase and protease enzymes in the small intestine of broilers. The use of 4.5% Organic Protein in the feed gave
the best results in terms of numerical in broilers.
Keywords: internal organ, carcass, small intestine, organic protein

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PP1-5

Effect of nano zinc oxide or chelated zinc as alternatives to
medical zinc oxide in weaned piglets
HJ Oh, YJ Kim, SY Chang, JW An, YB Go, DC Song,HA Cho, SH Park, KH Jeon, and JH Cho
Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Korea
dhgkswls17@naver.com

A total of 144 weaned piglets (6.80 ± 0.46 kg, [Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) were used in a 4-week feeding trial
to determine the effect of nano zinc oxide or chelated zinc as alternatives to medical zinc oxide (ZnO) in weaned
piglets. The pigs were randomly distributed to one of 6 treatment groups (4 pigs in a pen, 6 replicate pens pertreatment). The dietary treatments were negative control (NC), no additional zinc oxide in the diet; positive control(PC), NC + 2,500 mg/kg ZnO; 100 mg Chelate (NC + 100 zinc chelate); 200 mg Chelate (NC + 200 mg/kg of zincchelate); 100 mg Nano (NC + 100 mg/kg ZnO nanoparticles), and 200 mg Nano (NC + 200 mg/kg nanoparticles).
The growth performance of pigs fed the PC and Nano diets was significantly higher than that of pigs in the Chelate
treatment groups (p < 0.05). In the overall periods, the fecal scores were significantly increased (p < 0.05) inthe PC treatment group compared to the 100 mg/kg Chelate and Nano treatment groups. The apparent total tract
digestibility (ATTD) of crude protein and fecal Lactobacillus concentrations were significantly decreased (p < 0.05)
in the NC group compared to the other groups. The ATTD of zinc was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the
Chelate treatment groups compared to the other treatment groups. In conclusion, 200 mg/kg Nano showed similareffects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal Lactobacillus concentrations in weaning pigs as
medical ZnO.
Keywords: zinc oxide, weaned piglet, growth performance, fecal score, zinc excretion

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Animal Science Congress

PP1-7

The safety evaluation of Hericium erinaceus to use
as a pet food ingredient for aged dogs
JL Chun, HW Cho, KH Kim, JH Jeon, CH Kim, SJ Lim, SH Jeong and KM Seo
Korea Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
julanchun@korea.kr

Hericium erinaceus is an edible mushroom with health benefits. Hericium erinaceus contains multiple bioactive
components including polyphenol, β-glucan, polysaccharides, ergothioneine, hericerin, erinacines, and etc.
Hericium erinaceus is known to have anti-cancer, immuno-modulating, antioxidant and neuro-protective activities
in human. Even though food ingredients which are safe to human there is no guarantee it would be safe to dogs
too. There are commercial nutritional supplement products of Hericium erinaceus extract to feed dogs. However,there is not enough information whether it is safe to be used as a pet food ingredient. Therefore, we performed thesafety evaluation of Hericium erinaceus as a diet for aged dogs. In total, twenty dogs were used in this study. Dogs
were five and fifteen years old. For sixteen weeks, dogs were fed 0.4 or 0.8 g Hericium erinaceus per body weight(kg) with daily diets. To assess the health safety aspect, we evaluated changes of the body weight, body condition
score (BCS), and feces score for sixteen weeks and found no statistical difference. Next, complete blood count wastested to detect any abnormal range of blood cells. Although the concentration of RBC was decreased it stayed in
the normal range. In blood chemistry test we found no significant difference and abnormal condition. With that, it
is possible that Hericium erinaceus cause no health issue when it was used as a dog’s daily diet ingredient.
Keywords: Hericium erinaceus, aged dogs, pet food, safety evaluation

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PP1-9Interactive effect of dietary tryptophan and niacin
supplementation on productive performance, egg quality,
and serum measurement of laying hens raised under heatstress conditions
SY Won, CH Kwon, JH Lee, HW Kim and DY Kil
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
wosy96@cau.ac.kr

This experiment was conducted to investigate the interactive effect of dietary tryptophan (Trp) and niacin
supplementation on productive performance, egg quality, and serum measurement of laying hens raised underheat stress conditions. A total of 384 25-wk-old Lohmann Brown-Lite laying hens were randomly allotted to 1 of
4 dietary treatments with 8 replicates. The basal diet with no supplementation of Trp and niacin was formulated
to meet or exceed the nutrient and energy requirement. Dietary tratments included 2 levels of supplemental Trp(0 and 0.16%) and 2 levels of supplemental niacin (0 and 0.03%) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. All hens wereraised under a cyclic heat stress condition at 31.4 ± 1.17℃ for 8 h/d and 26.7 ± 1.10℃ for the remaining time.
Experiment lasted for 10 wk. Results indicated that no main effects and interactions of dietary Trp and niacin
were observed for productive performance. Likewise, no interactions for eggshell strength, eggshell thickness,
egg yolk color, and haugh unit were found. As the main effects, however, dietary supplementation of 0.16% Trp
decreased (p < 0.01) eggshell strength and thickness, but dietary supplementation of 0.03% niacin had no effects
on egg quality. No main effects and interactions of dietary Trp and niacin were observed for serum concentrationsof alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatine. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of
Trp and niacin at the current level may exert no positive effects on productive performance, egg quality, and serum
measurements of laying hens raised under heat stress conditions.
Keywords: heat stress, laying hen, niacin, tryptophan

642

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-11

Effect of dietary glycine supplementation on growth
performance and intestinal morphology inbroiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions
HW Kim, SH Kwon, CH Kwon, JH Lee, SY Won and DY Kil
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
khw9654@cau.ac.kr

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of glycine (Gly) on
growth performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions. A total of
1,600 25-d-old broiler chickens were allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 8 replicates. The negative control(NC) diet was formulated to meet or exceed the energy and nutrient requirement. The positive control (PC)diet was formulated to contain increasing concentrations of AMEn by 50 kcal/kg and those of crude protein,digestible amino acids, Ca, and available P by 10% compared with the NC diet. The PC diet was simulated forthe conventional nutrient-high broiler diets during the summer season. Three additional diets were preparedby supplementing 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6% of Gly to the NC diet. All chickens were raised under a cyclic heat stresscondition at 29 ± 0.9℃ for 10 h/d and 23 ± 1.4℃ for the remaining time. Experiment lasted for 18 d. Results
indicated that increasing supplementation of Gly from 0 to 1.6% in diets decreased (linear, p < 0.01) FCR. The
villus height:crypt depth ratio was increased (linear, p < 0.05) by increasing supplementation of Gly. Increasing
supplementation of Gly increased (linear, p < 0.05) the number of goblet cells. Birds fed diets supplemented with
1.6% Gly showed similar number of goblet cells to those fed the PC diet. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of
Gly may be an alternative means to the conventional nutrient-high diets for heat-stressed broiler chickens.
Keywords: broiler chicken, glycine, heat stress, intestinal morphology				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-13

Effects of dietary organic and inorganic selenium
supplementation on growth performance, blood
constituents, and carcass characteristics ofgrowing-finishing pigs
KI Park, HJ Kyoung, DO Seo, YH Kim, JM Ahn, JI Lee, SW Ha and MH Song
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
rokanism@naver.com

Selenium (Se) is known as one of the essential trace minerals and is mainly used to constitute antioxidant enzymes.
Livestock industry provides organic and inorganic Se with different cost or bioavailability to animals. This study
was conducted to investigate effects of dietary organic and inorganic Se supplementation on growth performance,
blood constituents, and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs. In a randomized completely block design(block: Bodyweight (BW) and sex), a total of 160 growing pigs (initial BW = 28.84 ± 3.39 kg) were assigned to
5 dietary treatments (4 pigs/pen; 8 replicates/treatment) and fed for 14 weeks. Dietary treatments were 1) a cornsoybean based diet (CON), 2) CON + 0.3 ppm organic Se (Ose), 3) CON + 0.5 ppm OSe, 4) CON + 0.3 ppm
inorganic Se (Ise), and 5) CON + 0.5 ppm Ise. At the 7 week and 14 week, blood samples were collected fromrandomly selected 4 pigs per pen for blood constituents. After slaughtering the pigs, organs and loin samples
were collected for analysis of Se retention and carcass characteristics. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXEDprocedure of SAS. The organic or inorganic Se increased serum total protein, creatinine, total bilirubin (p < 0.10),
calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and magnesium (p < 0.05) and Se retention in liver, kidney, and loin (p < 0.05)
compared with CON. However, no differences were found between different types of Se with different levels. In
conclusion, dietary Se changed blood constituents and Se retention of growing-finishing pigs.
Keywords: blood constituents, growing-finishing pigs, selenium, selenium retention644

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-15

Effects of dietary mixed sources of selenium
supplementation on growth performance, blood
constituents, Se concentration, andcarcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs
KI Park, HJ Kyoung, YH Kim, JM Ahn, JI Lee, SW Ha and MH Song
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
rokanism@naver.com

Selenium (Se) is known as one of the essential trace minerals and is mainly used to constitute antioxidant enzymes.
Livestock industry provides organic and inorganic Se with different cost or bioavailability to animals. This study
was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary mixed Se supplementation on growth performance, blood
constituents, Se concentration, and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs. In a randomized completely
block design (block: bodyweight (BW) and sex), a total of 156 weaned pigs (initial BW = 18.45 ± 3.16 kg) wereassigned to 3 dietary treatments (4 pigs/pen; 13 replicates/treatment) and fed for 84 days. Dietary treatments were 1)
a corn-soybean based diet (CON), 2) CON + 0.15 ppm organic Se (Ose) + 0.15 ppm inorganic Se (Ise), 3) CON +0.25 ppm OSe + 0.25 ppm ISe. At the 42 and 84 day, blood samples were collected from randomly selected 6 pigs
per treatment to analyze for blood constituents by the clinical auto analyzer. After slaughtering, organs and loinsamples were collected to analyze Se concentration and carcass characteristics. Data were analyzed using PROCMIXED procedure of SAS. Pigs fed treatment C had higher ADG (p < 0.10) and Se retention in blood and organs (p< 0.05) compared with pigs fed other treatments. In conclusion, the mixture of organic and inorganic Se with 0.25
ppm level increased growth rate and Se retention of growing-finishing pigs.
Keywords: growing-finishing pigs, growth rate, selenium, selenium retention

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-17

Effects of temperature and humidity index on growth
performance and immune response in growing pigs
YH Kim, HJ Kyoung, KI Park, JM Ahn, JI Lee, SW Ha and MH Song
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
dydgml447@naver.com

Recently, global warming is an issue in livestock industry because it causes great damage to the productivity oflivestock due to high-temperature stress. Temperature and humidity index (THI) was developed as a weather
safety index to monitor and reduce heat-related losses. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of
THI on the growth performance and immune responses of growing pigs. A total of 48 growing pigs (initial BW= 22.65 ± 4.62 kg) were allotted to four THI conditions (1 pig/pen; 12 replicates/treatment; block = BW) in arandomized complete block design : THI 68 (23.5℃/35%), THI 74 (26.5℃/50%), THI 80 (28.5℃/65%) and
THI 87 (32.5℃/80%). The experimental period was for 2 weeks. Typical grower diet was provided to pigs. The
rectal temperature of each individual was checked every day and blood samples were collected on day 1, 7, and
14. Measurements were growth performance, blood profiles by automated hematology analyzer, and immune
responses by ELISA. The collected data were analyzed according to PROC GLM procedure of SAS. The statisticalmodel for every measurement included THI condition and BW as a covariate. Pigs in the THI 87 had lower ADG
and ADFI (p < 0.05), higher rectal temperature (p < 0.05), serum TNF-α, IL-1β, and cortisol (p < 0.05) than pigs
in the THI 68. In conclusion, high THI conditions reduced growth performance and modified immune responses ofgrowing pigs.
Keywords: growing pigs, growth performance, immune responses, temperature and humidity index

646

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-19Comparison of growth performance, body shape, andblood constituents of crossbred and Woori black pigs
YJ Min, YD Jeong, YH Choi, JE Kim, DW Kim, HJ Park, HJ Chung, SJ Sa,
DY Jeon and HJ Jin
Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan, Korea
myjj0525@korea.kr

The purpose of this study was to compare the growth performance, body shape, and blood elements of crossbred(LYD, Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) and Woori black (W) pigs. A total of 106 pigs were used (W, n = 66, 26.20± 0.60 kg; LYD, n = 40, 24.86 ± 2.40 kg). The feeding trial lasted 90 days, after which body shape measurements
and blood samples were taken on the 39th, 71st, and 88th days, respectively. The average daily gain and final bodyweight of the LYD were higher than that of the W. Also, the body length, body height, chest depth, and chest widthof the W were lower than that of the LYD on day 88. There was no difference in the white blood cell and red blood
cell counts for the whole period, however, the basophil ratio was higher in the LYD than in the W at the 88 days.
In previously our studies, W had superior meat quality in prior research when compared to LYD, but this study
demonstrated low growth and body shape. Thus, further study will be required to improve growth productivity for
W pigs.
Keywords: Woori black pig, crossbred pig, growth performance, body shape, blood constituent

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-21

Estimating the matrix value of xylanase inwheat-added diets for broilers
JS Hong1, MH Yu, EO Oketch1, NM Shan1, HH Yun2, AL Lee2 and JM Heo1
1

Chungnam National University, Korea, 2CJ Bio Animal Nutrition, Korea
gospel0342@naver.com

The demand for alternative feed ingredients for animal diets keeps increasing. However, alternative feed ingredients
could contain anti-nutritional factors. Arabinoxylan, high in wheat, forms the major constituents of the cell walland encapsulates highly valuable nutrients in the wheat grain. Due to its viscous nature and high molecular weight,
it hampers efficient nutrient absorption and digestion. Xylanase could be used to degrade the xylan bond and in
turn, improve digestibility. The current study was conducted to evaluate the matrix value (MV) of xylanase inwheat-added broiler diets. A total of 588 one-day-old male ROSS 308 broiler chicks were randomly allocated into
one of seven dietary treatments with twelve replicates per treatment. Diets consisted of 4 levels of metabolizableenergy from normal level to –120 kcal/kg with 40 kcal gap and 3 levels of xylanase (1,500 U/kg, 3,000 U/kg,
4,500 U/kg) in –120 kcal/kg diet. Growth performance, digestibility, and viscosity of ileal contents were measured
to estimate the effect of xylanase and the MV. The measurements of growth performance are estimated according
to the AME level and xylanase addition level. Analysis for the MV was done using linear regression. The result
suggests that the addition of xylanase in diets could compensate for the lower growth performance that could beobserved with a lower AME level diet. Higher xylanase added diet presents lower viscosity of ileal contents. The
estimated maximum MV of xylanase was calculated to be 120 kcal/kg in 3,500 U/kg.

Table 1. Estimate the matrix value of xylanase using a linear regression graph
Date

Linear regression

R2

Day 14331.95 + 0.23275×87.162

Day 24809.55 + 0.44467×88.929843.10Day 281,120.54 + 0.72283×94.2891,168.33

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Bodyweight (g)Calculated matrix value (kcal/kg)

1,500 U/kg

3,000 U/kg

4,500 U/kg

1,500 U/kg

3,000 U/kg

4,500 U/kg

346.04359.21363.9660.54

117.12137.53867.22873.4875.45

129.69143.77

1,192.33

1,211.19

66.11

99.32

125.41

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-23

Efficacy of Bacillus toyonensis M15750 on thegrowth performance and fecal score of weaning piglets
compared to Bacillus toyonensis BCT-7112T
JH Song1, V Sampath1, CB Lim1, KM Kim1, IH Kim1 and G Jimenez2
1
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea, 2Rubinum S.A., 08191 Rubí, Catalonia, Spain
thdwnsh@naver.com

Bacillus toyonensis is a non-pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the Bacillus cereus group andused as probiotics in animal nutrition or biocontrol agents. The strain B. toyonensis M15750 has shown to havea phenotypic profile to consider its use as probiotic. Thus, this study intends to assess comparative efficacy ofBacillus toyonensis M15750 and Bacillus toyonensis BCT-7112T (well-known commercial dietary probiotic) on
the growth performance and fecal score in weaning piglets. A total of 104 crossbred (Landrace × Yorkshire ×
Duroc) weaning pigs with an initial body weight of 6.44 ± 0.32 kg per pig (21 day of age) were randomly allotted
into 2 treatments with 13 replicates and 4 pigs per replicate in a 6-week feeding trial. The dietary treatments were:M15750 group- basal diets (pre-starter and starter) + 100 mg/kg of B. toyonensis M15750 (containing 1 × 106
CFU/g preparation); BCT-7112T group- basal diets (pre-starter and starter) + 100 mg/kg of B. toyonensis BCT7112T (containing 1 × 106 CFU/g preparation). Data was analyzed using student T-test in a complete randomized
block design. Pen was used as an experimental unit. No significant differences were observed in any of the growth
performance parameters (e.g., body weight, average daily gain and gain: feed ratio) and fecal score between
M15750 and BCT-7112T groups (Table 1). In conclusion, the dietary supplementation of Bacillus toyonensis
M15750 showed no differences on the growth performance and fecal score of weaning piglets compared to the
dietary supplementation of B. toyonensis BCT-7112T.
Keywords: Bacillus probiotic, weaning piglets, growth, fecal score
Table 1. Comparison effect of the dietary B. toyonensis M15750 and B. toyonensis BCT-7112T on growth performance and fecal score in weaning
piglets1
Parameters
Growth performance
Initial body weight (kg)
Final body weight (kg)
ADG (g)ADFI (g)G:F
Fecal score2
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Week 61

B. toyonensis M15750 group

B. toyonensis BCT-7112T groupSEM

p-value

6.44
23.70

6.44
23.96

0.062
0.182

0.993
0.482

411
581
0.707

417
594
0.702

3.781
4.568
0.003

0.422
0.167
0.482

3.49
3.45
3.47
3.42
3.39
3.35

3.50
3.47
3.49
3.42
3.40
3.38

0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01

0.778
0.607
0.699
0.959
0.965
0.258

Abbreviations: ADG: average daily gain; ADFI: average daily feed intake; G: F: gain to feed ratio; SEM: Standard error of means.
Fecal scores were determined weekly using the following fecal scoring system: 1 hard, dry pellet; 2 firm, formed stool; 3 soft, moist stool thatretains shape; 4 soft, unformed stool that assumes shape of container; 5 watery liquid that can be poured.

2 ‌

				

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PP1-25

Influence of protected organic acids on growth
performance, fecal microbial, gas emission, andnutrient digestibility in growing pigs
KM Kim1, CB Lim1, O Munezero1, B Balamuralikrishnan2 and IH Kim1
1

Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea, 2Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
kkl5179@gmail.com

Replacing antibiotics with natural alternative compounds in livestock feeding is being increased in the last few
years to overcome the antibiotic resistance problem. Among natural compounds, organic acids and essential oils
could be a favorable option. Thus, the purpose of this study is to assess the effect of micro-encapsulated organic
acids (MOA) on growth performance, fecal microbial, gas emission, and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs. A
total of 80 crossbred ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) growing pigs with average initial body weight (BW) of
22.66 ± 2.45 kg was allotted to one of two dietary treatments with 8 replicates and 5 pigs (3 gilts and 2 barrows)
per pen in a complete randomized block design. Pigs were fed with corn soybean meal basal diet (CON) and thebasal diets supplemented with 0.2% MOA for 6 weeks. Turkey test was performed using GLM procedure of SAS
to determine the effect of MOA supplement in growing pigs with a pen as experimental unit. A trend and significant
effect on average daily gain were observed during weeks 2 and 6 (p < 0.05), respectively. Also, gain-feed ratio
was increased (p = 0.003) in the MOA group. Fecal E. coli counts showed reduction (p = 0.0143) at week 4. MOA
supplementation had no influence on nutrient digestibility and fecal gas emission in growing pigs during the entire
experiment (p > 0.05). The MOA supplementation to the basal diet had a positive effect on the growth performanceand fecal microbial counts of growing pigs.
Keywords: growing pigs, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, organic acids

650

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-27

Effects of mixed emulsifiers on blood metabolites,
ileal morphology, and meat quality of broiler chickens
EO Oketch, JS Hong, YB Kim, SR Nawarathne, M Yu and JM Heo
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
elijahogolah@gmail.com

Using tallow as the fat source, an experiment was conducted to determine whether mixed exogenous emulsifiers(sodium stearoyl lactylate, glycerol monostearate, and glycerol distearate) supplementation in reduced-energy diets
could affect blood metabolites, ileal morphology, and meat quality of broiler chickens for 35 days. 256 Ross 308
one-day-old broilers (42.28 ± 0.16 g) were randomly allocated in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement to 32 pens witheight chicks per cage for 35 days. Birds were fed one of four dietary treatments as follows: (1) positive control(PCN; energy sufficient diet); (2) negative control (NCN; energy-deficient diet, –100 ME kcal/kg); (3) PCL (PCN
plus 0.05% emulsifier) and (4) NCL (NCN plus 0.05% emulsifier). Ileal and blood samples were collected on day
21 and 35. The total cholesterol, lipase, and triglyceride contents were measured for the blood whereas the villus
heights, villus widths, crypt depths, and absorptive villus surface area were measured for the ileum. The muscle
pH, colour, water holding capacity (WHC), and cooking loss were analysed for the breast muscle samples thatwere collected at day 35. Higher (p < 0.05) blood lipase levels were noticed with emulsifiers in both the NCL and
PCL diets. Regarding ileal morphology and muscle quality, longer (p < 0.05) villus heights and higher (p < 0.05)
breast muscle yellowness were observed with emulsifiers in the NCL and PCL diets. Our results emphasize that
0.05% emulsifier use in diets could trigger changes that are beneficial for gut health and fat utilization.
Keywords: emulsifiers, lipase, villus heights

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PP1-29Effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis and oregano essential
oil supplementation on growth performance, blood
characteristics, and intestinal morphology of pullets
HS Kim, HJ Kim, YS Yun, WD Lee, JJ Jeon, JS Son, HK Shin, EC Hong, AS You,HK Kang and BS Kang
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang, Korea
kindkims1@korea.kr

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of B. subtilis -based probiotics and oregano essential oil inpullets (0 to 18 weeks) on growth performance, blood characteristics, and intestinal morphology. A total of 324
one-day-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were randomly divided into three treatments with six replicates (18 birds
per pen). The experimental treatments included: a basal diet as control (CON), basal diet plus 3 × 10 8 CFU/kg
feed B. subtilis (BS), and basal diet plus 0.3 g/kg feed oregano essential oil (OEO). Dietary inclusion of BS andOEO had no significant effects on body weight, weight gain, or feed intake. In the grower phase from week 11 to
18, birds fed with BS and OEO improved (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the CON. Dietary
inclusion of BS and OEO significantly decreased the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio as an indicator of stress levels(p < 0.05). However, the addition of BS and OEO in the diet did not affect the red blood cell, hemoglobin, andplatelet levels. Birds fed with BS had significantly lower serum cholesterol levels than those fed with OEO, andhad significantly lower serum triglyceride levels than the CON (p < 0.05). In addition, birds fed with BS and OEO
significantly increased villus height to crypt depth ratio in the ileum compared to the CON at the 18 weeks (p < 0.05).
In conclusion, both B. subtilis and oregano essential oil supplementation in the diet had beneficial effects on FCR,
stress level, and gut morphology during the pullets period.
Keywords: laying hens, probiotics, essential oil, performance652

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-31

Supplementation of fiber during gestation on
reproductive performance of heat-stressed sows
SangHun Ha1, Joseph Moturi1, Habeeb Tajudeen1, Jun Young Mun1, Yo Han Choi2,
Su Hyup Lee3 and JinSoo Kim1
1

Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan 31000, Korea, 3Department of Swine Science, Korea National University of Agriculture
and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874, Korea
Heat stress affects the reproductive performance of gestating and lactating sows, and dietary fiber (TF) may
be an option to improve intestinal health. A total of 40 sows were distributed between 4 treatments. This study
evaluated the different ratios of dietary TF levels (14 and 20 %) and soluble to insoluble ratios (S/I; 1:4 and 1:6)
on reproductive performance, intestinal health, and metabolism of sows in gestation and lactation periods during
heat stress. The rectal temperature and respiratory rate were increased in sows fed 1:6 S/I and 20% TF. Sows fed
the 20% TF showed a lower loss during lactation and farrowing duration, and higher feed intake compared withthe 14% TF treatment. The higher S/I in the diet decreased the farrowing duration and increased the constipationindex. Piglet body weight was increased in sows fed 20% TF compared with the 14%. In addition, piglet bodyweight was increased in sows fed 1:4 S/I compared with the 1:6 S/I. The 20% TF treatments increased litter weightat weaning compared with the 14% TF. The concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, isovalerate, and total
short-chain fatty acids were greater in sows fed the higher S/I. The concentration of zonulin was reduced in sows
fed with higher S/I. The fecal lipocalin-2 content was decreased in sows fed with higher S/I. The concentrationof lipopolysaccharide and, lipopolysaccharides-binding protein tended to decrease in sows fed higher S/I. In
conclusion, the 20% dietary level and 1:4 S/I are recommended for gestating sows during heat stress.
Keywords: soluble, beet pulp, constipation, metabolites

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PP1-33The carry-over effects of Lactobacillus salivarius isolated
from feces of fast-growing pigs in suckling piglets creep
feed on the performance during the weaning period
Joseph Moturi1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, SangHun Ha1, SeMin Jeon1, Hye In Park1,
Su Hyup Lee2, Jin Soo Kim1 and Jin Woo Jhoo3
1

Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2 Department of Swine Science, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries,
Jeonju 54874, Korea, 3 Division of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences,
Kangwon National University, KNU Ave 1, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus salivarius probiotic given to piglets in suckling andpost-weaning periods on the gut microbiota, intestinal morphology, and growth performance. The T1 group was
not supplemented with the probiotic in both suckling and post-weaning phases, the T2 group was not supplemented
in the suckling phase but supplemented in the post-weaning phase, the T3 group was supplemented with the
probiotic during the suckling phase but not in the post-weaning period, and the T4 group was supplemented withthe probiotic during both the suckling and post-weaning periods. The average daily gain (ADG) was greater in the
T3 and T4 groups in phase 1. Overall (days 1–51) the ADG was greater in the T4 treatment. The average daily feedintake was higher in the T4 group from day 22 to 51. The villus height was greater in the duodenum, jejunum, andileum in the T4 compared with the T1 treatment. The pH of the intestinal digesta was higher in the T1 treatment
than in the T3, and T4 treatments in the duodenum. The population of total Lactobacillus bacteria was increased
in both the T3 and T4 treatments compared with the T1 treatment in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and cecum.
Based on these findings, dietary supplementation with L. salivarius in suckling piglets continued to post-weaning
could establish appropriate intestinal microbiota, improve feed intake, and increase the villus height whichtranslates to improved growth performance during this critical period in piglets’ life.
Keywords: probiotics, salmonella, clostridium, diarrhea

654

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-35

Effects of dietary level of immunoSEB plus a probiotic on
performance and gut microflora of weanling pigs
SangHun Ha1, Anushka Lokhande1, Abdolreza Hosseindoust1, SeungMin Oh2,
Santosh Laxman Ingale3, JinSoo Kim1, and Gur Yoo Kim4
1

Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341,
Korea, 2Gyeongsangbuk-do Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju 750-871, Korea, 3Advanced
Enzyme Technologies Ltd., 400-604 Thane, India, 4Division of Applied Animal Science, College ofAnimal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, KNU Ave 1, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
The objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of ImmunoSEB andBioSEB-Trio on growth performance, digestibility of nutrients, blood metabolites, antioxidant status, immune
status, intestinal and fecal microflora, and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs fed a corn-SBM-based diet. A
total of 320 weaned pigs (L × Y × D, initial body weight: 6.02 ± 0.6 kg) were randomly allotted 4 treatments on thebasis of body weight. All the piglets were clinically healthy at the start of the trial and originated from 30 sows intheir 3rd parity. The dietary treatments included a corn-SBM-based basal diet (CON), CON + ImmunoSEB 0.025%
in feed (I-SEB25); CON + ImmunoSEB 0.050% in feed (I-SEB50), CON + ImmunoSEB 0.025% + BioSEB Trio
0.050% (MIX) in feed. The ADG, ADFI, and G:F of piglets in the I-SEB50 and MIX treatments were improved.
The DM and CP digestibility were the highest in the MIX treatment. The superoxide dismutase concentration ofpigs in the I-SEB50 and MIX treatments was higher than that of the I-SEB25 and CON treatments on d 14, 28, and
42. The IL-1β concentration in the spleen of the CON pigs was higher than in the I-SEB50 treatment. The ileum
and cecum E. coli populations were decreased in the I-SEB50 treatment. The duodenal villus height was improvedin the I-SEB50 treatment. The overall result showed the benefit of using ImmunoSEB at the dose of 0.050% or
ImmunoSEB at the dose of 0.050% plus BioSEB Trio at the dose of 0.025% in weaned pigs diet.
Keywords: immunity, interleukins, cytokines, antioxidants				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-39Nourish neonates with synthetic milk and Lactobacillus sp.
supplementation at birth highly modifies the gut microbialcommunities at post-weaning stage
S Vetriselvi1, S Sureshkumar1, G Shanshui1, WJ Seok1, B Balamuralikrishnan2 and IH Kim1
1

Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea, 2Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea

The importance of probiotics in pig production is widely recognized but its precise role in regulating gut
microbiota has not been assessed extensively. Thus, we intend to examine whether suckling pigs ingest synthetic
milk (SM) with probiotic supplementation at early weaning has a carry-over effect on growth and gut health at the
post-weaning period. A total of forty healthy crossbred neonates (1.49 ± 0.28 kg) were randomly assigned to one
of two treatments: CON (fed only SM) and TRT (SM + 0.1% Lactobacillus sp). Growth performance and fecal
microbial communities were analyzed using the ShapiroeWilk and Mann-Whitney test, respectively. Treatmentgroup piglets showed higher (p < 0.05) body weight and daily gain at week 3 compared to the CON group. As aresult of 16S metagenome sequencing, 157,399 demultiplexed and 74,945 denoised reads count were observed.
During week 1, the Escherichia-Shigella, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, and Bacteroides were confirmed as the major
dominant bacterial genera at the genus level, in both groups. However, during week 2, the relative proportion ofEscherichia-Shigella, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, and Proteobacteria was decreased while, the Lactobacillus andBacteroidota were increased in pigs receiving the probiotic supplement. Also, the Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, andBacteroidota phyla were dominant in both comparison groups at weeks 2 and 3, while Prevotella was confirmed
as the major dominant bacterial genus in both groups in week 3 and 6. To sum up, nourish SM with 0.1% probiotic
from birth to 21 days would be beneficial to improve the gut health of piglets during post-weaning stage.
Keywords: piglets, synthetic milk, probiotics, growth performance, gut microbiome656

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-41

Free IGF-1 improved performance of sows and piglets
S Genova, C Timoging, E Angeles, JM Raquipo, B Moog and FC Reyes
Philchema, Inc., Quezon City, Philippines
samantha.genova@philnutri.com

The study aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of free IGF-1 on performance of sows andpiglets. A total of 75 crossbred female pigs (average parity: 3.09 ± 0.23) were assigned into two dietary treatments
following a randomized complete block design, with parity as blocking factor. Sows were fed basal diets addedwith either 0 or 1.0 kg/ton free IGF-1, from day 0 of gestation until weaning. Data gathered in the experiment were
gestation period, litter size born, litter size born alive, mummified, stillbirth, average birth weight, average weaning
weight, litter size at weaning, adjusted 30-day weaning weight, and adjusted 30-day litter weight. Gathereddata were analyzed using Mixed procedure of Statistical Analysis Software. The α-level used to determine thesignificance and tendencies between means was 0.05 and 0.10, respectively. Supplementation of free IGF-1 tended
to increase piglet birth weight (1.41 vs 1.33 kg; p = 0.07). In addition, piglets from sows fed diets with free IGF1 had higher (p < 0.05) adjusted 30-day weaning weight (8.43 vs 7.96 kg) and adjusted 30-day litter weight (85.92
vs 76.76 kg). Supplementation of free IGF-1 also tended to increase litter size at weaning (10.21 vs 9.66 heads; p =0.09). No treatment differences (p > 0.05) were found on other parameters measured. Results showed that dietary
supplementation of 1.0 kg/ton free IGF-1 from day 0 of gestation until weaning can improve performance of sowsand piglets.
Keywords: free IGF-1, performance, sows and piglets				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-43

Dietary bacteriophage lowers cecal Clostridium perfringens
counts of broiler chickens
HG Lee1, YB Kim1, SH Lee1, JO Moon2, JP Chae2, YJ Kim2 and KW Lee1
1

Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2CJ Cheiljedang Co., Ltd, Suwon, Korea
leehyun3177@naver.com

Necrotic enteritis caused by gram-positive anaerobic Clostridium perfringens type A/G, is a common disease that
impacts the poultry industry worldwide. The objectives of this study were to detect in-feed bacteriophages (BPs)from various segments of the gastrointestinal tract and to evaluate the antibacterial effects of encapsulated or
powdered BPs against C. perfringens infected broiler chickens. Day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned
into 32 pens and fed diets containing none or encapsulated or powdered BP. On days 21, 22, and 23 post-hatch,chickens were orally inoculated twice a day with 2 mL C. perfringens (1.0 × 108 CFU/mL) or saline. Salineinoculated chickens fed on a control diet were considered the negative control group (NEG) while C. perfringensinfected chickens were kept as the challenged control group (POS). Dietary BP or C. perfringens infection did
not affect growth performance of broiler chickens. Viable BPs were detected in digesta obtained from the gizzard,
jejunum, and cecum and tended to be higher in the encapsulated vs. powered BP groups. Viable BPs were notdetected in the NEG and POS groups. Dietary BP significantly inhibited cecal C. perfringens counts compared with
the POS group. Both encapsulated and powdered BPs increased the C. perfringens-induced decrease in ileal villus
height to crypt depth ratio. It is clear from this study that dietary BP is considered an effective nutritional strategy
to inhibit cecal C. perfringens counts and to improve gut health in broiler chickens.
Keywords: Clostridium perfringens, bacteriophage, broiler chickens, gut health658

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-45

Effect of dietary octacosanol concentration extracted fromtriticale sprout on performance, egg quality, andblood parameters of laying hens
CI Lim, JE Kim and KS Ryu
Jeonbun National University, Jeonju, Korea
dlacjsdlr@naver.com

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of octacosanol (OCT) extracted
from triticale sprout on production performance, egg quality, and blood parameters of laying hens. A total of 192,
Hyline brown laying hens aged 43 weeks were divided into 4 dietary groups of 48 birds each. Each group was thebasal diet supplemented with OCT (0; control, 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg). All birds were fed with isoenergetic andisonitrogenous mash diets for 6 weeks. The result showed that hens supplemented with 20 and 30 mg/kg OCT indiet was significantly increased (p < 0.05) on egg production than those fed with the basal diet. OCT concentrationin the egg yolk of hens fed with 20 and 30 mg/kg OCT was significantly higher than in those fed the control diet.
Hens fed 20 and 30 mg/kg OCT exhibited greater HDL cholesterol and interleukin (IL) concentrations and reduced
serum concentrations of cholesterol and triglyceride compared to those fed with 0 and 10 mg/kg OCT. This study
indicates that supplementing the diet of laying hens with 20 and 30 mg/kg of OCT can improve the performance,
egg quality, and health status of laying hens.
Keywords: blood parameter, laying hens, octacosanol, triticale sprout, performance				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-47

Effects of feeding timing of green tea extract andvitamin C supplementation on growth performance andimmune response of broiler exposed to heat stress
JS Son, HJ Kim, YS Yun, EC Hong, HS Kim, WD Lee, AS You, HK Shin and HK Kang
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Pyeongchang, Korea
wltjs1206@korea.kr

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of feeding timing of green tea extract (GTE) and vitamin C
single or combination on growth performance and stress parameters of broiler under heat stress. The treatments
were assigned to either at the age 0 or 21 days of fed with GTE (600 mg/kg), vitamin C (250 mg/kg), or GTE +vitamin C in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement considering heat stress period. A total of 1,232 one-day-old Ross 308
male chicks were allotted six treatments with four replicates. At 21 days, all treatments were exposed to hightemperature (33℃, for 24 h) for 2 weeks until 35 days of experiment. The GTE increased (p < 0.01) the final
body weight and weight gain compared to the others, but no interactions between the timing and supplements. As
stress parameters, the corticosterone was lowest (p < 0.05) in combination of GTE and vitamin C. Similarly, thesupplementation before heat stress increased (p < 0.05) IgM concentration and decreased (p < 0.05) the level of
aspartate aminotransferase, however, neither feeding timing nor supplements affected alanine aminotransferase andlactate dehydrogenase contents. In conclusion, Regardless of feeding timing before or after heat stress, the additionof GTE and vitamin C could improve body weight and inhibit stress levels in broilers.
Keywords: high temperature, feeding timing, antioxidants, stress660

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-49Effects of dietary xylanase in a commercial diet on
growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles,
and immune responses of weaned pigs
JM Ahn1, HJ Kyoung1, KI Park1, YH Kim1, JI Lee1, SW Ha1, MA Park2, JO Moon2
and MH Song1
1Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2CJ CheilJediang, Suwon, Korea
dkswlsan@naver.com

Generally, pig commercial diets contain non–starch polysaccharides that cannot be digested and absorbed by pigs
due to lack of endogenous enzymes. This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary xylananse (XYL)
on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, and immune responses of weaned pigs. A total of
60 weaned pigs (8.03 ± 0.99 kg BW) were allotted to 2 dietary treatments (5 pigs/pen; 6 replicates/treatment) andfed for 4 weeks in a randomized completely block design (block: BW). Dietary treatments were a commercial
diet (CON) and CON + 0.03% XYL (T1). During the last week of the study, pigs were fed each dietary treatment
containing 0.4% chromic oxide. Blood, ileal digesta, and fecal samples were collected at the specific time points.
Measurements were growth performance, diarrhea frequency by daily diarrhea scores, apparent ileal and total
tract digestibilities by index method, blood profiles by an automated hematology analyzer, and immune responses
by ELISA. Data were analyzed using PROC GLM procedure of SAS (dietary effect as a main effect; BW as acovariate). The Chi-square test was used for the frequency of diarrhea. The T1 increased (p < 0.05) average daily
gain (ADG) and gain to feed ratio from day 1 to 7, ADG from day 1 to 14, and serum interleukin-10 on day 28
compared with the CON. However there were no differences on diarrhea frequency, nutrient digestibility, and blood
profiles between dietary treatments. In conclusion, dietary XYL improved growth performance and modulated
immune responeses of weaned pigs.
Keywords: growth performance, immune response, weaned pigs, xylanase				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

661

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-51

Effects of feeding Italian ryegrass silage on
growth performance and carcass characteristics infinishing pigs with or without multi-enzyme
YD Jeong, YJ Min, YH Choi, DW Kim, HJ Chung, SJ Sa, DY Jeon, HJ Jin and JE Kim
Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea
yongdaejeong@korea.kr

In the diets of heavy pigs, sugar beet pulp is used commonly because of containing rich fermentable carbohydrate
which also is included in Italian ryegrass (IRG) silage. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate effects
of dietary IRG levels on growth and carcass productivity in finishing pigs with or without multi-enzyme. The
IRG was processed to drying and pulverizing, and multi-enzyme was used to commercial product including
cellulose, mannanase and xylanase. The experimental design was 3 × 2 factorial design as the IRG (0, 2.5 and5.0%) and multi-enzyme (– and +). A total of 60 pigs (BW, body weight; 88.35 ± 2.57 kg) were allocated into
six treatment groups with five replicates during 21 days. All animal was free accessed to experimental diets andwater. Growth performance was estimated at the initial and end of the trial. Carcass characteristics was identified
in local slaughterhouse at the end of the trial. The ending BW and average daily gain were not different by dietary
IRG level and enzyme supplementation. Average daily feed intake was higher (p < 0.01) in enzyme supply groupthan no supply group. Contrarily, gain to feed ratio in enzyme supplementation group was increased (p = 0.059)
compared with no supply group. Carcass characteristics were not influenced by the IRG levels and enzyme
supplementation. These results of current study indicate that it did not show negative effects of feeding IRG on
growth and carcass productivity in finishing pigs but it is limited under below 5% of dietary IRG.
Keywords: Italian ryegrass, enzyme, finishing pigs

662

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-53

Evaluation of growth performance and immune activity
after feeding spore probiotics to weaned pigs
YB Park, DW Kim, YM Hwang, SY Jung and SH LeeWOOGENE B&G CO., LTD., Hwaseong-si, Korea
faffsf@woogenebng.com

Weaning stress of weaning pigs has effect on farm performance. Probiotics are effective feed additives for
reducing weaning stress in weaning pigs. Probiotics are defined as living microorganisms, and have the functionsof improving the intestinal microbial balance and nutrient absorption of livestock, promoting growth andimproving feed efficiency. However, its use is limited due to problems with the stability of live bacteria. In thisstudy, weaned pigs were supplemented with spore-forming probiotics such as Bacillus coagulans KJG-004 andClostridium butyricum KSJ-200 at 1.0 × 108 CFU/g for 4 weeks. As a result, Bacillus coagulans KJG-004 andClostridium butyricum KSJ-200 were stable at room temperature for more than 12 months. In the feeding results,
the probiotics-fed group significantly increased the average daily gain and the average daily feed intake (p < 0.05),
and the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased (p < 0.05). In addition, the white blood cell count did notchange according to the probiotic feeding, and as a result of comparing the blood immunoglobulin, IgM and IgGsignificantly increased (p < 0.05), and IgE significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, as a result of comparing
the incidence of diarrhea and mortality, the incidence of diarrhea in the probiotic-fed group was significantly
reduced and the mortality rate significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Consequently, feeding of spore probiotics using
Bacillus coagulans KJG-004 and Clostridium butyricum KSJ-200 improve the growth performance of weaning
pigs and their industrial applications.
Keywords: spore probiotics, weaning pig, growth performance, immune

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

663

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-55

Effects of different crude fiber levels on reproductive
performance and stress on sows during heat stressDongyeop Oh, Daehyun Kim, Junkoo Yi, Jaejung H, Daejin Jung and Seungmin Oh
Gyeongsangbuk-do Livestock Research Institute, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
ssamgoon@korea.kr

The purpose of present study was to investigate the effects of different crude fiber levels on reproductive
performance and stress on sows during heat stress. A total of 30 primiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; 195.37± 2.06 kg average initial body weight) were randomly allotted into 3 treatments, each with 10 replicates (1 sow
per pen). Sows were divided into 3 levels of fiber (3, 6 and 9 %). The feed intake of during lactation was increasedin the sows fed HF (high fiber) compared with sows fed MF (middle fiber) and LF (low fiber). The HF sows had
a lower farrowing duration and a higher constipation index compared with others sows (p < 0.05). The HF sows
had the highest piglet and litter weight at weaning (p < 0.05). The hair cortisol accumulation was decreased in the
HF treatment compared with the MF and LF (p < 0.05). HF sows spent a higher proportion of time lying position,
lower proprotion of time standing position and times of sham-chewing rather than other treatments. sows in the
HF treatment showed the highest concentration of acetate and total SCFA. The respiration rate between 98 and104 was decreased in the sows fed HF compared with other treatments (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary HF in latepregnancy affected reproductive performance and stress during heat stress.
Keywords: sow, heat stress, fiber, reproductive performance664

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-57

Dietary supplementation with fermented tea processing
by-products on growth performance and lipid-metabolismrelated genes in chickens
Lee TT1–3 and HH Lin1
1

Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan,
The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402,
Taiwan, 3Smart Sustainable New Agriculture Research Center (SMARTer), Taichung 402, Taiwan
2

ttlee@dragon.nchu.edu.tw

The purpose of this research is to utilize tea processing by-products (TB) fermented with Lactobacillus (PAFT) todevelop feed additives with the function of chickens. A total of 560 chickens were randomly allocated to 7 groups:
Control (basic diet), 0.5, 1, 1.5% TB and 0.5, 1, 1.5% PAFT. The total period of this experiment was about 84
days. Results showed that 0.5% TB treatment has the best FCR during 29–56 d. TB and PAFT treatments also been
observed a lower LPL activity than the control treatment. PAFT treatments generally have lower lipid synthesismRNA levels and better fatty acid metabolism mRNA levels. Finally, the carcass characteristics results showed alower percentage of abdominal fat in 0.5 and 1% treatments were lower than other treatments. Selecting potential
Lactobacillus strains to ferment TB increased its biological activity of the compounds. Using the 0.5% PAFT as
feed additive can decrease fat accumulation and improve carcass quality on chickens.
Keywords: chickens, tea processing by-products, lactobacillus fermentation, fat accumulation

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

665

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-59The effect of bile salt during in vitro digestion procedureof dog’s food
KM Seo, HW Cho, KH Kim, JH Jeon, CH Kim, SJ Lim, SH Jeong and JL Chun
Korea Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
kmseo@korea.kr

Recently, there has been increased concerns of diets for pets to maintain them in good health conditions andlongevity. It brings out the need of nutritional and physiological researches to obtain scientific data to provide
for pets. However, there are many problems to use pets in researches like ethical issues. In vitro gastrointestinal
digestion model is to study digestion and predict digestibility in vitro. There have been few studies to provide
in vitro methods to evaluate digestibility in diets for pets and the protocols are various. In this study we tested
a couple of reported protocols previously and investigated the effect of digestive enzymes in in vitro digestion
procedure of a commercial dog’s food. The supplementation of gastric lipase showed no significant difference inDM and protein digestibility. However, the supplementation of bile salt induced the change of DM digestibility.
Therefore, we tested the effect of bile salt in difference concentrations and found the concentration dependent
increase of the false effect on DM digestibility. From that it is required to develop a protocol to eliminate any false
positive effect of digestive enzymes during in vitro digestibility process.
Keywords: dog, in-vitro gastrointestinal digestion, gastric lipase, bile salt

666

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-61

Effects of different levels of dietary crude protein on
growth performance, blood profiles, diarrhea incidence
and odour emission in weaning pigs
HJ Kim, HW Shin, XH Jin, CS Kim and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
kimhj11@snu.ac.kr

This experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of different levels of crude protein (CP) on growth performance,
blood profiles, diaarhea incidence and odour emission in weaning pigs. In the experiments, A total of 240 weaning
pigs ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc), average 8.25 ± 0.050 kg body weight (BW), were allotted to one of 6treatments by BW and sex in 5 replications with 8 pigs per pen in a randomized complete block (RCB) design.
Pigs were fed each treatment diet with different levels of CP (Early period: 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21% /Late period: 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%) for 6 weeks (phase 1: 0–3 week, phase 2: 4–6 week). In growth
performance, supplementing dietary CP from 20% to 16% was higher BW, average daily gain and gain to feed
ration (G:F) than CP21 group during whole period (p < 0.01). Reducing dietary CP from 21% to 16% was lower
blood urea nitrogen during whole period (p < 0.01). CP16 group showed a significant difference to exhibit lower
gas emission in all gas contents such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and amin compared to the other treatments
during early and late period (p < 0.01). Moreover, in diarrhea incidence, CP16 group was the lowest among othertreatments during whole period (p < 0.01). Consequently, reducing dietary CP from 21% to 16% in weaning pigs
was considered to improve growth performance, diarrhea incidence and odour emission.
Keywords: crude protein, odour, diarrhea score, weaning pigs

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

667

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-63

Effect of zinc oxide and probiotics on growth performance,
immune response, diarrhea index and fecal microflora in
weaning pigs
KY Moon, CS Kim and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
kunwong@naver.com

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the addition of zinc oxide and probiotics in feedon weaning pig. In the feeding trial, a total of 300 weaning pigs were allotted to 6 treatments and 5 replicates.
Treatments were 1) NL: corn-soybean meal base feed + probiotic 0.01%, 2) NM: basal feed + probiotics 0.05%, 3)
NH: basal feed + probiotics 0.1%, 4) ZL: basal feed + Probiotic 0.01% + zinc oxide, 5) ZM: basal feed + Probiotic
0.05% + Zinc oxide, 6) ZH: basal feed + Probiotic 0.1% + Zinc oxide. As a result of the experiment, the growth
performance of weaned piglets that consumed zinc oxide was significantly higher in BW (p < 0.01). In the casesof Average daily gain (ADG), Average daily feed intake (ADFI) and Gain to feed ratio (G:F ratio), ZL, ZM andZH was significantly higher than NL, NM and NH (p < 0.01). Result of quantitative experiment in branching
microorganisms, there was a significant difference in coliform count (CC) and yeast & mold (YM). In CC, NH wasextremely significantly lower compared to other treatments (p < 0.01). In the case of YM, ZM was significantly
higher than that of other treatments (p < 0.05). In the case of Zinc-Quantitative experiment, E. coli/coliform count(EC) and YM were significantly higher and lactic acid bacteria count was significantly lower in the treatment withzinc oxide (p < 0.05). Consequently, Zinc oxide had a positive effect on growth performance and diarrhea index,
but probiotics had a positive effect on intestinal microbes.

668

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-65

Effects of the different manufacturing processes of blacksoldier fly larvae meal on growth performance and blood
profiles in broilers
BH Kim, SH Park, MJ Kim, JY Jeong and HJ Jung
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
osorikim619@gmail.com

Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal (HILM) is a promising alternative to soybean meal (SBM).
However, little information is available on the effects of the different manufacturing processes of the HILM in
broiler diets. Therefore, we studied the effect of dietary inclusion level (6%) and different processing methods of
HILM on growth performance and blood profiles in broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308)
were randomly assigned to five dietary groups (eight replicates and six birds/cage): a control diet (CON), and four
experimental diets in which SBM was replaced with 6% of microwave-dried (MD), air-dried (AD), heat-treated +AD (HAD), and acid-treated + HAD (AHAD) HILM, respectively. The final body weight and average daily gain
(ADG) were decreased (p < 0.01) in the AD group and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was increased (p < 0.01)
in the MD and AD groups than in the CON group. However, there were no significant differences in the ADG and
FCR among CON, HAD, and AHAD groups. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased (p < 0.05) in the
AHAD group than in the CON group and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was decreased (p < 0.05) in the AD
and AHAD groups. Furthermore, alanine aminotransferase was increased (p < 0.05) in the AD group than in the
CON group. In conclusion, heat or acid treatments of AD HILM could improve growth performance comparedwith MD and AD HILM without negative effects on blood profiles.
Keywords: black soldier fly larvae meal, blood profiles, broiler, growth performance				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

669

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-67

Effects of ginseng by-product supplementation on growth
performance, immunoglobulins, and corticosterone inbroilers under heat stress
JH Lee, JW Yun and JH Kim
Department of Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
ljh1995kr@naver.com

This study performed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of ginseng by-products on the
productivity, immune response, and stress parameters of broilers under heat stress. One hundred one-day-old malechicks were randomly allocated into five groups: control (CON), 0.5% ginseng berry (GB1), 1.0% ginseng berry(GB2), 0.5% ginseng stems and leaves (GLS1), and 1.0% ginseng stems and leaves (GLS2). From the second week
onwards, the birds were fed experimental diets, and the temperature was maintained at 32 ± 1℃ from 9 AM to 5
PM. Feed intake and bodyweight gain were measured every week. At the age of 35 days, blood was collected toanalyze serum immunoglobulins and corticosterone levels. Growth performance showed no significant differencesamong the five groups. However, during the overall period (7–35 d), bodyweight gain tended to be greater than 1,800
g for all supplemented groups, while it was 1,745 g for CON. Feed conversion ratios tended to be lower in all
supplemented groups than in CON. Serum immunoglobulins showed no significant difference across the groups;
however, IgM and IgG tended to be higher in GLS1 than in other groups. Corticosterone level was not significantly
different across the groups. However, it tended to be lower in all supplemented groups than in CON and decreased
further in groups with higher supplementation of ginseng by-products. In conclusion, dietary supplementationof ginseng by-products showed the potential to reduce heat stress in growing broilers with no negative effect on
productivity.
Keywords: ginseng by-product, productivity, heat stress, broiler

670

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-69A continuous and reliable enzyme assay platform topredict NSPase activity in monogastric digestive system
SE Lee, PR Kim, MA Park, JO Moon and SE Han
CJ CheilJedang, Suwon, Korea
se.lee11@cj.net

Non-starch polysaccharides are anti-nutritional factors contained in feedstuffs, and they inhibit the digestionof dietary feed in domestic animals. The presence of NSP can lead to increased intestinal viscosity, reduced
digestibility, and absorption of nutrients, thereby decreasing animal performance. Therefore, there has been
increased interest in the application of NSP-degrading enzymes supplemented in animal diets. Despite growing
references suggesting the importance of NSPase in digestion progress, most standardized enzyme assays are basedon the measurement of enzyme activity at a particular point with specific pH and temperature. It is different fromthe digestion condition of monogastric animals, so that can be caused different results between in vitro and in vivo
tests. Therefore, the CJ Application Platform was developed that can predict enzyme efficacy in the monogastricdigestive system. Firstly, the colorimetric assay provides NSPase efficacy in the serial digestion process ingastrointestinal tract (GIT), as the enzyme behavior characterization is also affected by the digestive condition.
Secondly, the artificial GIT model provides information to predict NSPase ability to degrade feedstuffs, such ascontinuous viscosity and NSP digestibility, etc. As a result, our assay platform can clearly demonstrate enzyme
behavior characterization and efficacy in monogastric digestion process and provide a high correlation between invitro and in vivo tests.

Keywords: enzyme, efficacy, monogastric GIT model, NSPase				

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-71

Effects of dietary vitamin and trace mineral premix levels
on physiological responses, litter performance, blood
profiles, milk composition and feed cost in lactating sows
SW Kang, HJ Kim and YY Kim
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Sunwoo.kang1@cj.net

This study was conducted to evaluate optimal vitamin and trace mineral levels in lactating sow diet considering
physiological responses, litter performance, blood profiles, milk composition and feed cost. A total of 48 F1
multiparous sows (Yorkshire × Landrace) with average body weight (BW) of 248.4 ± 4.05 kg, backfat thicknessof 24.74 ± 0.750 mm, and parity of 4.00 ± 0.307 were allotted to one of 4 treatments considering BW, backfat
thickness, and parity in a complete randomized design (CRD) with 12 replicates. Experimental diet with 1,
3, 6, 9 times of vitamin and trace mineral requirement in NRC (2012). As a result, different levels of dietary
vitamin premix and trace mineral premix did not show any significant difference in BW, backfat thickness, milk
composition of sows and growth performance of piglets. Vitamin E in blood of sows was not changed when sows
were fed higher levels of vitamin and trace mineral premix. When lactating sows were fed higher levels of vitaminand trace mineral premix, the concentration of zinc in blood of sows was linearly decreased (linear, p = 0.01), but
the concentration of copper in blood of sows was linearly increased (linear, p = 0.05). In feed cost, total feed cost
per sow and feed cost per piglet production were increased linearly (linear, p < 0.01) as increasing of vitamin andtrace mineral premix. Consequently, current vitamin and trace mineral requirement of NRC (2012) is enough forlactating sows and additional supplementation of vitamin premix and trace mineral premix in lactating diet did notshow positive responses during lactation.
Keywords: lactating sow, feed cost, vitamin premix, trace mineral premix

672

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-73

Prediction equations for in vitro ileal disappearance ofdry matter and crude protein in dog diets based on
chemical composition
YS Song and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
sang8sys@gmail.com

The aims were to determine in vitro ileal disappearance (IVID) of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) in
commercial dog diets and to develop equations for predicting the IVID of DM and CP in dog diets based on
chemical composition. Fifteen commercial diets were analyzed for IVID of DM and CP using a 2-step in vitro
procedure for dogs. The diet samples in flasks with digestive enzymes were incubated for 2 h and 4 h to simulate
digestion in the stomach and the small intestine, respectively. The contents of CP, ether extract (EE), neutral
detergent fiber (NDF), and ash in the diets were 14.7 to 43.4%, 4.7 to 23.5%, 6.4 to 34.6%, and 4.9 to 10.0%,
respectively, on as-is basis. The NDF contents were negatively correlated with the IVID of DM and CP (r = −0.77
and r = −0.54, respectively; p < 0.05). The most suitable prediction equations for the IVID of DM and CP in thedog diets were: IVID of DM (%) = 87.55 + 0.44 × CP + 0.17 × EE − 0.62 × NDF − 1.48 × ash, R2 = 0.82; IVID of
CP (%) = 81.75 + 0.42 × CP + 0.12 × EE − 0.41 × NDF − 1.04 × ash, R2 = 0.66, where all nutrients were in % on
as-is basis. In conclusion, dry matter and protein utilization of dog diets based on in vitro assays can be estimatedusing protein, fat, fiber, and ash concentrations as independent variables.
Keywords: chemical composition, dogs, in vitro ileal disappearance, prediction equations

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-75An in vitro ileal disappearance procedure for standardized
ileal digestibility of crude protein in nursery pigs
SB Yoo, YS Song, JY Ahn and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
dbtmdqls0316@naver.com

The objective of the present study was to develop a novel in vitro procedure for estimating standardized ileal
digestibility of crude protein (CP) of nursery pigs. Test ingredients were corn, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, andcorn distillers dried grain solubles. In the conventional in vitro ileal disappearance (IVID) procedure, sample
solutions added with 1 mL of pepsin (10 g/L) are incubated for 6 h to simulate digestion in the stomach followedby adding 1 mL of pancreatin (50 g/L) and incubating for 18 h to simulate digestion in the small intestine. The
ingredients were assigned 9 IVID procedures with varying incubation times (IT) and enzyme concentrations(EC) in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement with 3 levels of IT (100, 75, and 50% of the conventional procedure) and3 levels of EC (100, 75, and 50% of the conventional procedure). The IVID of CP in all test ingredients waslinearly decreased (p < 0.001) by reduced IT or EC. In the modified procedure with 50% IT and 75% EC of theconventional procedure, the IVID of CP in the test ingredients was 4% to 18% less than that in the conventional
procedure, which was closest to the in vivo data in the literature. To determine ileal disappearance of protein for
nursery pigs using in vitro assays, therefore, sample solutions needed to be added with 1 mL of pepsin (7.5 g/L)
and incubated for 3 h followed by adding 1 mL of pancreatin (37.5 g/L) and incubating for 9 h.
Keywords: feed ingredients, in vitro ileal disappearance, nursery pigs

674

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-77

Basal endogenous losses and standardized ileal
digestibility of amino acids in soybean meal were notdifferent between 20- and 60-kg body weight pigs
H Kim and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
sunlight1995@naver.com

The objective was to determine the influence of pig body weight (BW) on basal endogenous losses (BEL) andstandardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in soybean meal (SBM). Twelve ileal-cannulated
barrows (initial BW of 17.5 ± 1.2 kg) were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments in a crossover design. A SBM
diet containing SBM at 35% (41.9% crude protein and 2.6% Lys in SBM, as-is) as the sole source of AA and anitrogen-free diet were prepared. The apparent ileal digestibility of AA in SBM and BEL of AA were determined.
Nine ileal-cannulated barrows (initial BW = 60.8 ± 8.1 kg) that were used in the preceding lower BW trial were fed
the same experimental diets in a crossover design. The SID of AA in pigs of 20- and 60-kg BW were calculated bycorrecting the apparent ileal digestibility of AA for the BEL of AA determined from the pigs at the respective BW.
Basal endogenous losses of all indispensable AA except for Arg and Trp were not affected by pig BW. The SID of
all indispensable AA except for Arg in SBM were not different between the pig BW of 20 and 60 kg. In conclusion,basal endogenous losses and standardized ileal digestibility of most indispensable amino acids in soybean meal are
not different between 20- and 60-kg body weight of pigs.
Keywords: basal endogenous losses, body weight, standardized ileal digestibility, swine				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

675

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-79Lowering dietary protein concentrations reduces nitrogenexcretion with minor effects on growth performance inpigs fed amino acid-balanced diets
H Kim, J Son and BG Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
sunlight1995@naver.com

The objective was to investigate the influence of dietary crude protein (CP) concentrations on growth and nitrogenbalance changes in pigs using literature data. Data were collected from 18 and 23 experiments that determined thegrowth performance and nitrogen balance, respectively, of pigs fed various doses of CP (9.1 to 23.1%, as-fed).
Experimental diets consisted of a normal-CP diet as a control diet and one or more low-CP diets that contained lessprotein supplements with supplemental crystalline amino acids to meet the amino acid requirement estimates. In
each experiment, relative values were calculated for average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI),
gain-to-feed ratio (G:F), total nitrogen excretion (NExcretion), and retained N-to-digested N ratio (NRetained:NDigested)
in a low-CP diet group compared with a control diet group. A linear slope within an experiment was calculated
and pooled within a response criterion to calculate the mean slope and their 95% confidence interval using the
UNIVARIATE procedure of SAS. Dietary CP concentration reduction of 1 percentage unit (as-fed basis) slightly
decreased ADG (mean = 0.92% and confidence interval = 0.25 to 1.59%), ADFI (0.11% and −0.55 to 0.77%), and
G:F (0.79% and 0.23 to 1.34%). However, 1 percentage unit reduction of dietary CP concentration considerably
decreased NExcretion (7.67% and 6.35 to 8.98%) and increased NRetained:NDigested (3.09% and 1.91 to 4.27%). Taken
together, lowering dietary protein concentrations by 1 percentage unit with supplemental amino acids reduces
nitrogen excretion by 7.7 percentage in pigs with minor negative effects on weight gain and feed efficiency.
Keywords: crude protein, growth performance, nitrogen balance, swine

676

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-81

Feeding different organic sources of selenium andvitamin E on yolk oxidative status
AA Samsudin1, NIM Hemly1, NN Zainudin1 and AI Muhammad1,2
1

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400,
Selangor, Malaysia, 2Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University
Dutse. P.M.B. 7156, Jigawa State, Nigeria
anjas@upm.edu.myHens’ exceptional capability in converting supplemented selenium (Se) and dietary vitamin E (vit E) as anantioxidant into valuable fatty acids in eggs are highly praised, and due to its cheap price, it can cater human dailyrequired 6 g intake. This study determines the effect of different sources of Se and vit E on yolk antioxidative statusof layer hens through 12 weeks of feeding trial. One hundred and twenty Lohmann Brown Classic laying hens (n =120) aged 50 weeks were used. The hens were subjected to treatment diet as follows: Control: Basal diet includes
vit E (100 mg/kg), Se-yeast (0.3 mg/kg), and ADS18 (0.3 mg/kg). At the end of the experiment, lyophilised yolks
were analysed for MDA content, β-carotene, FAME, and cholesterol content. The data were analysed using Proc
GLM procedure of the statistical analysis software (SAS). Means of each analysis were compared using Tukey’s
honestly significant difference (HSD) at p < 0.05. Bacterial Se, ADS18 fed hens had significantly (p < 0.05)
lowered cholesterol MDA levels than the control and other sources of Se groups which is beneficial and shows
better antioxidant ability. Hens fed Se-yeast had significantly (p < 0.05) increased carotene content in their yolks.
Supplementation of organic Se significantly (p < 0.05) reduces saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in yolk andsignificantly higher content of mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) when fed with ADS18 Se. Poly-unsaturated
fatty acid (PUFA) content were significantly high in Se-yeast and control group. Findings in this study emphasised
the production of quality enriched eggs are feasible by supplementing organic Se source.
Keywords: chicken egg, organic selenium, oxidative status, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ADS18

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

677

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-83

Effect of dietary ME value on performance andegg quality of Woorimatdak in laying starter period
HJ Choo, EC Hong, JS Son, HJ Kim, WD Lee and YS Yun
Poultry Research Institute, Pyeongchang, Korea
hyojy@korea.kr

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the energy level in laying starter diet on performance and egg
quality of ‘Woorimatdak’ parent stock (female). As for the treatment, ME values of 2,800, 2,700, and 2,650 kcal/
kg were 3 treatments, and 4 repetitions per treatment, 9 birds per repetition were randomly assigned. Body weight,
egg weight, egg production rate, eggshell strength, and eggshell thickness at 20–32 weeks of age were investigatedand presented at 4-week intervals. Body weight and egg weight increased with age, and there was no significant
difference among three treatments. Egg production rate at 20–24 weeks of age showed a low trend in the 2,650kcal/kg treatment, but there was no significant difference among treatments. Except for that of 28 –32 weeks ofage, egg production rates of other weeks of age did not show a significant difference among treatments. Egg
production rate at 28–32 weeks of age was the highest in 2,700 kcal/kg treatment compared to other treatments (p< 0.05). There was no significant difference in eggshell strength among treatments at all weeks of age, and eggshell
thickness was significantly higher in 2,800 kcal/kg at 24 week of age (p < 0.05), but there was no significant
difference among treatments at 28 and 32 weeks of age. In conclusion, there was no significant difference inperformance when ME value was lowered. According to these results, it is thought that ME value can be lowered
to 2,700 kcal/kg in laying starter period, but additional research is needed.
Keywords: Woorimatdag, parent stock, early laying period, egg productivity

678

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-85

Effects of microalgae and probiotic supplementation on
growth performance and antioxidant enzyme activities inbroiler chickens
CW Lee1, SH An1, JH Yoon1, IH Cho1, ZH Kim2, JY Jung2 and C Kong1
1

Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea, 2National Nakdonggang Institute of Biological
Resources, Sangju, Korea
chaewon2991@gmail.com

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of potential feed additives on growth performance andantioxidant enzyme activity in broiler chickens. A total of 180 day-old Ross 308 male broilers were individuallyweighed and randomly assigned to three dietary treatments with six replicates in a randomized complete block
design based on body weight (BW). Three treatments consisted of a control (CON; corn-soybean meal-baseddiet), microalgae (CON + 5 g/kg parachlorella spp.), and probiotic (CON + 1 g/kg). On day 9, BW and feed intake
were recorded, and BW gain and gain to feed ratio were calculated. On day 10, three birds close to median BWfrom each cage were selected for blood, tissue, and digesta sampling. Blood, enteric epithelium, and cecal digesta
samples were collected for analysing antioxidant effect, villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), and short -chain
fatty acids (SCFAs) profile. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS and means were separated
by Tukey’s test. All feed additives did not affect growth performance. In addition, VH, CD, and activities ofantioxidant enzyme including catalase, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione
peroxidase were not changed by feed additives. The concentration of acetate was decreased (p < 0.03) in the
probiotic supplementation group compared with the CON group, and the tendency in propionate (p < 0.08) todecrease was also observed. In conclusion, microalgae and probiotic supplementation did not affect the growth
performance or antioxidant enzyme activities, but probiotic supplments could alter SCFAs profile.
Keywords: broiler, microalgae, probiotic, immune response				

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-87

Effects of SoRegen Technology® feed on the growth
performance and carcass quality in broiler chickens
L Purnamasari1,2, JF Dela Cruz1,3, DB Lee4, HA Song1, JS Kim1, IS Nam1 and SG Hwang1
1

Department of Animal Life and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University,
Anseong-si, 456-749, Korea, 2Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universityof Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia, 3College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines,
Los Banos, Philippines, 4Research Council of SoRegen Convergence Science, Seoul, Korea
listyap.faperta@unej.ac.id

The concept of quantum entanglement has been deeply studied in the interdisciplinary field of quantum informatics
by SoRegen Technology ®. SoRegen Technology feed (ST-feed) was prepared by exposing a commercial
broiler diet into the chamber connected with SoRegen chips for 24 hours. It has been suggested that quantum
entanglement properties improve the function and characteristics of the diet. The aim of the study was to evaluate
the effects of ST-feed on the growth performance and carcass quality of broiler chicken. A total of 96 one-dayold, Arbor Acres broiler chickens were used in the experiment, divided into two equal groups (Control and STfeed) with four replicates per treatment (12 chickens per pen). The trial lasted from the 8th day through the 35th
day of chickens’ age. The results showed that there are no significant differences between the treatment groups forbody weight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency. Carcass yield percentage in ST-feed broiler was significantly
higher (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. Interestingly, there is significantly lesser abdominal fat pad in the
ST-feed group than the control group (p < 0.05). The result of meat quality analysis showed that ST-feed broilers
have significantly higher meat pH, lower cooking loss, and higher water holding capacity (p < 0.05). These results
indicate that ST-feed improves the carcass quality by enhancing the energy repartitioning efficiency derived fromquantum entanglement properties in broiler chickens without causing health issues.
Keywords: SoRegen Technology® feed, growth performance, carcass characteristics, broiler

680

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-89Effect of urinary calculus prescription diet on the
body weight, intake, and blood profiles of cats
SJ Park, YJ Choi and SR Lee
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
leesr@konkuk.ac.kr

This study was conducted to evaluate a urinary calculus prescription diet on the body weight, intake, and blood
profiles of cats. The urinary calculus prescription ingredients selected DL-methionine, turmeric, hyssop, psyllium
husk, and sodium as functional ingredients based on previous research. Eight cats (Various species, 2.0 ± 1.0
year, 3.6 ± 1.0 kg) were assigned to each cage for the feeding trial. The experiment diet was fed for 35 days and awashout period (fed control diet) was assigned 14 days before and after each of the experimental periods. Although
feed intake did not differ between the control and treatment groups, there was lower feed intake in the treatmentgroup compared with those of the control group. The water intake of the treatment group was lower than those of
the control group (p < 0.05). In the blood profiles, hematocrit and hemoglobin were higher in the treatment groupthan in the control group (p < 0.05), and platelet and blood urea nitrogen, and Albumin were lower in the treatmentgroup than in the control group (p < 0.05). Alkaline phosphatase showed that were tend to be lower in the treatmentgroup than in the control group (p < 0.10). These results suggest that a urinary calculus prescription diet using
functional ingredients could help improve the lower urinary calculus of cats.
Keywords: cat food, prescripion diets, urinary calculus, cat				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

681

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-91

Effect of dietary level of corngluten meal on
growth performance, meat quality in broiler
DW Kim1, KE Kim2 and HG Nho1
1

Korea National University of Agriculture & Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea, 2Nonghyup Feed, Seoul,
Korea
poultry98@korea.kr

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of corngluten meal on growth
performance, meat quality and egg storage stability in laying hens. A total of four hundred eighty 1-d-old broiler
chicks (Ross 308) were divided into 7 groups with 6 replicates of 10 birds each. The four dietary treatments fed for
12 weeks were : C (no additive) and conglutenmeal treated groups (2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, 12.5% or 15.0%).
The final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were significantly decreased in
all treated groups compared to control (p < 0.05), No significant difference among the all groups were observedon blood chemical composition. The change of meat quality and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)
values of meat during storage period were significantly less in all treated groups than those of the control (p < 0.05).
In conclusion, the dietary supplementation of conglutinmeal decreased the growth performance, meat quality, andhealth states. Furthermore, the corngluten meal decreased the meat deterioration in relation to storage period.
Keywords: corngluten meal, carotenoid, growth performance, meat quality682

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-93The effects of different protein levels and feeding frequency
on weaned piglets behavior
SP Su1, YD Hsuuw1, JW Lee1, W Jantasin2 and LC Hsia1,3
1

Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung Universityof Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, 2Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Yu Chou
Friendly Agriculture Research Institute, Pingtung, Taiwan
lchsia@mail.npust.edu.tw

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different protein levels and feeding frequency on piglets
behavior. Diets treated with low crude protein and amino acid balanced, and high crude protein with amino acidunbalanced, feeding frequency was 2 or 5 times per day. Conducted behavioral observation on Day 7 and 14 after
weaning. It was found that moving, eating, and standing in the low protein and the amino acid-balanced group was
significantly higher than that of the high protein and unbalanced diet group; high frequent treatment would increase
moving and eating, and decrease lying behavior. As the week increased, rooting behavior decreased. The behaviorof eating, vacuum chewing, and moving during the day was significantly higher than that in the evening, and the
behavior of lying during the night time was significantly higher. Results indicated that low protein and balanced
diet, and feeding 5 times increased the eating and moving, and reduced lying behavior.
Keywords: protein levels, feeding frequency, weaned piglets, behavior

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

683

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-95

Energy concentration, nutrient and dietary fiber
digestibilities of banana meal in growing pigs
AP Maderse, KRC Sernande and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
kcsernande@up.edu.ph

The experiment was conducted to determine the energy concentration, nutrient and dietary fiber digestibilities ofbanana meal fed to growing pigs. Nine growing barrows (average BW = 19.1 ± 1.83 kg; Large White × White
Duroc) were individually housed in a metabolic cage that allowed total but separate collection of feces and urinematerials from each pig. Individual pigs were arranged in a 3 × 3 Latin square design with 3 dietary treatments
and 3 periods. A corn-soybean meal basal diet and 2 diets consisting of 70% basal diet and 30% unpeeled (UBM)
and peeled banana meal (PBM) were formulated. The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD, %) of DM, GE andcrude fiber were calculated for each diet. The digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) in UBM
and PBM were determined using the difference procedure. Net energy (NE) was calculated using the following
equation: NE = 0.87 × ME – 442. No significant differences were observed in the ATTD of DM, GE, and crudefiber in growing pigs fed with UBM and PBM diets compared with those fed corn-soy diets. On DM basis, theDE, ME and NE of UBM (3,150, 2,849, and 2,066 kcal/kg, respectively) and PBM (3,292, 2,986 and 2,161 kcal/
kg, respectively) were not significantly different in growing pigs. In conclusion, there are no differences on the
nutrient, dietary fiber digestibilities and energy concentration of banana meal used in this study compared to cornsoybean meal fed to growing pigs.
Keywords: banana meal, growing pigs, energy, dietary fiber, nutrient digestibility

684

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP1-97

Determination and prediction of apparent metabolizableenergy concentration in coconut co-products fed to broilers
RNR Reyes and RC Sulabo
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippinesrhonaninareyes@gmail.com

This experiment was conducted to determine the concentration of nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizableenergy (AMEn) in coconut co-products and to develop prediction equations for broilers. Samples of coconut coproducts included copra meal, copra expellers, fermented copra meal and coconut residue from the virgin coconut
oil industry. Energy concentration was determined using 72 Cobb 500 male broilers that were individually housed
in metabolic cages for total excreta collection. Birds were randomly allotted to 9 experimental diets using acompletely randomized design with 8 replicates per diet. A corn-soybean meal basal diet and 8 diets consisting of
70% basal diet and 30% coconut co-products were formulated. The AMEn in coconut co-products were calculatedusing the difference procedure. The AMEn in coconut co-products varied (p < 0.001) and ranged from 1,532
kcal/kg to 3,439 kcal/kg DM. No correlation was found between AMEn and physical characteristics but positive
correlation (r ≥ 0.74; p < 0.05) was found between AMEn and the crude fiber (CF) and starch content. Regression
analysis showed that AMEn in coconut co-products can be predicted using the following equations: 1) AMEn =939.577 + 579.27 × Starch (R2 = 0.86, RMSE = 238.24, p = 0.003); and 2) AMEn = –2,191.980 + 281.85 × CF
(R2 = 0.62, RMSE = 471.74, p = 0.04). In conclusion, energy concentration varied among coconut co-products andenergy can be predicted using crude fiber and starch content as independent variables.
Keywords: broiler, apparent metabolizable energy, prediction, coconut				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

685

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP1-99Assigning animals into experimental groups that haveas similar mean and variance as possible with
EXCEL VBA Macro
HJ Kim1, H Kim1, A Jang2 and S Kim1
1

Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea,
2
Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National
University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
khj0175@korea.kr

In many feeding experiments, a researcher might want design each test group of animals to have approximately
the same mean and variance for their body weights or other traits. This is hard because it includes deliberately
distributing the units to fulfill researcher's objectives. For this reason, we usually split animals into groups
randomly. Fortunately, we can do this by using the Optex procedure of SAS/QC software. However, SAS is very
expensive and hard to use software. To solve this problem, the authors wrote an EXCEL/VBA macro function(EVM) which using Genetic Algorithm to search proper group numbers for animals. Since EVM adopted Genetic
Algorithm, it gives applicable solution rather than optimal solution. A simulation was carried out to test the
program and compared with Optex procedure. In the simulation, body weights of 300 chicks with mean 40 g and
3.4 g of standard deviation were generated and five groups were assigned to the chicks by Random, EVM, andOptex. The comparison was made on the standard deviations of group means (STDgm) and the standard deviationsof group standard deviations (STDgs). The means of STDgm grouped by Random, EVM, and Optex were 0.39748,
0.00370, and 0.00544, respectively. The means of STDgs were 0.22293, 0.00098, and 0.00371, respectively.
Although EVM function took a longer time than Optex procedure, the results showed that EXCEL/VBA macrofunction is deemed to be very useful for practical use.
Keywords: assigning animals, experimental design, variance, EXCEL, VBA

686l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-1

The impact of the fecal microbiome on feed efficiency inearly fattening Hanwoo steers
SH Sim1, HS Lee1,2, S Yoon1, HS Seon1, CJ Park1 and M Kim1
1

Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National
University, Gwangju 61186, Korea, 2Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University,
Sendai, 980-8572, Japan
Seung3458@naver.com

The objective of this study is to evaluate if the fecal microbiome has an association with feed efficiency in Koreannative Hanwoo steers in the early fattening stage. A total of 64 early fattening Hanwoo steers were fed the same
TMR containing 13.4% CP, 5.2% EE, 51.1% NDF and 25.9% ADF. Among the 64 steers, fecal samples werecollected from 32 steers: 1) 16 steers in the top 25% feed efficiency group, and 2) 16 steers in the bottom 25%
feed efficiency group. From the 32 fecal samples, the total community DNAs were extracted. The composition of
the fecal microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing on the MiSeq platform followedby bioinformatics analysis with the QIIME2 software package. Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were dominantphyla in both feed efficiency groups. LEfSe showed that Proteobacteria was more abundant (p < 0.05) in thebottom 25% group than in the top 25% group. At the genus level, Paeniclostridium, Romboutsia, Bacteroides,
and Ruminococcus were dominant and accounted for more than 1% of the total sequence. LEfSe showed that
Marvinbryantia and Blautia were more abundant (p < 0.05) in the top 25% group than in the bottom 25% group.
Predicted functional genetic profiles indicated that cellulase (EC 3.2.1.4) was more predominant in the bottom
25% group than in the top 25% group (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates that some genera is associated with feed
efficiency and may provide new insights into strategies to improve feed efficiency in early fattening Hanwoo steers.
Keywords: fecal microbiome, feed efficiency, Hanwoo steers, sequencing

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PP2-3

Supplemental effects of bypass fat, glycerol, andsoybean meal on performance in late-fattening Hanwoo
steers under the heat stress condition
JS Woo1, SS Jang2 and KK Park1
1
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang, Korea
woojunsik91@konkuk.ac.kr
This study was conducted to determine the additional effect of bypass fat, glycerol, and soybean meal on growth performancein late-fattening Hanwoo steers under heat stress. Thirty-six Hanwoo steers (BW, 733.9 ± 26.2 kg; age, 25.5 ± 0.4 month)
were randomly allocated into four treatments according to BW and age in twelve pens (3 replications/treatment), and assigned
to one of the four dietary treatments: Control (TDN 76%, CP 15%; no supplements), T-1 (TDN 83.6%, CP 15%; with bypassfat), T-2 (TDN 83.6%, CP 15%; with bypass fat and glycerol), and T-3 (TDN 83.6%, CP 16.5%; with bypass fat, glycerol, andsoybean meal). In vivo feeding trial was performed for 112 days from the beginning of July to the end of October 2021. The
measured average temperature-humidity index was 87.0 (1st period; July), 78.7 (2nd; August), 75.8 (3rd; September), and68.1 (4th; October). The DMI showed a significant difference in the 1st and 4th periods (p < 0.05), but there was no significant
difference during the whole period. The ADG of T-1 and T-2 in the 1st period was significantly higher than that of the Control(p < 0.05). During the entire experimental period, ADG and FCR were improved in the treatment groups compared to Control(p < 0.05). However, the effect of T-3 on ADG and FCR was similar with those in T-1 and T-2. In conclusion, the increase inenergy density using bypass fat and glycerol had positive effect on performance of late-fattening Hanwoo steers under heatstress without decreasing palatability.
Keywords: heat stress, temperature humidity index, Hanwoo steers, fattening period
Table 1. Effects of supplemental feeding bypass fat, glycerol, and soybean meal on growth performance in late-fattening Hanwoo steers
Item1

1 ‌

BW (kg)0 week
4th week
12th week
16th week
DMI (kg/d)
1st period
2nd period
3rd period
4th period
Whole period
ADG (kg/d)
1st period
2nd period
3rd period
4th period
Whole period
FCR
1st period
2nd period
3rd period
4th period
Whole period

Treatments2

SEM3

p-value

734.21753.94807.83871.0012.30513.19013.67719.383

0.098
0.086
0.098
0.105

6.37a
9.09
8.38
9.00b
8.10

5.98c
8.91
8.80
8.82c
8.03

0.028
0.089
0.132
0.057
0.100

<0.0010.512
0.189<0.001
0.716

0.73a
0.73
1.15a
0.98ab
0.88a

0.70a
0.71
0.91ab0.80b
0.86a

0.56ab
0.86
1.03a
1.10a
0.88a

0.062
0.092
0.113
0.064
0.046

0.042
0.123
0.049
0.001
<0.001

8.40
14.37
8.09
10.15bc
9.20b

10.08
14.33
14.48
12.95b
9.59b

11.59
11.42
8.66
8.13c
9.57b

1.157
1.846
2.720
2.653
0.702

0.055
0.233
0.319
0.032
<0.001

Control

T-1

T-2

T-3

738.67756.44789.56814.00763.25771.64819.86854.00699.55720.07771.57804.50

6.12b
9.17
8.61
9.18a
8.13

5.90c
8.96
8.61
8.79c
7.99

0.51b
0.53
0.71b
0.52c
0.59b
12.93
16.79
12.05
19.59a14.13aBW, body weight; DMI, dry matter intake; ADG, average daily gain; FCR, feed conversion ratio; 1st period, 0–4 week, THI 87.0; 2nd period, 5–8 week, THI 78.7; 3rd
period, 9–12 week, THI 75.8; 4th period, 13–16 week, THI 68.1; whole period, 0–16 week, THI 77.4.
Control, TDN 76%, CP 15%; T-1, TDN 83.6%, CP 15% with bypass fat; T-2, TDN 83.6%, CP 15% with bypass fat and glycerol; T-3, TDN 83.6%, CP 16.5% with bypass fat,glycerol, and soybean meal.
3
SEM, standard error of the means.
a–c
Means within a row without a common superscript letter differ (p < 0.05).
2 ‌

688

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-5

The study of nutritive value of legumes as ruminant feed in
Raman district, Yala Province, Thailand
Jantarat Sitthisak, Kochi Aisah and Kraiprom Thaintip
Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, 94000, Thailand
Thaintip.k@psu.ac.th

The purpose of this research was to survey and evaluate the nutritive value of legumes that farmer raised theirruminants in Raman district, Yala Province in Thailand. The sample was randomly selected from sampling. The
research tool was structural questionnaire collected data and interview. The statistic employ were frequency andpercentage. The resulted showed that most of interviewed farmers were male (64%), and 41–60 years of age (32%).
The farmer raised their ruminant tether in natural pasture 100%. Moreover, There were 8 legumes that use for feedruminant such as Phasey bean (Macroptilium lathyroides), Desmanthus (Desmanthus virgatus), Centro (Centosema
pubescens), Leucaena (Leucaena Leucocephala) Calopo (Calopogonium mucunoides), Alyce clover (Alysicarpus
vaginalis), Manila Tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce) and Mata Raton (Gliricidia sepium). The chemicalcomposition of legume such as the dry matter was range 21.51–52.04%, crude protein was range 12.82–37.59%,
neutral detergent fiber was range 33.92–54.09%, acid detergent fiber was range 22.33–37.30% and phosphorus was
0.21–0.71%. It was conclude that the legume had high nutritive value and has a potential to feed ruminal.
Keywords: legumes, nutritive value, Thailand				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

689

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-7

Effects of energy feeds on Hanwoo rumen fermentation
characteristics and microbial amino acids compositionin vitro
SY Kim1, JH Lee1, JY Song2, GS Bae1, MH Lee1, SY Jung1, EJ Kim3 and CH Kim1
1

Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 2Nonghyupfeed, Seoul, Korea,
3
Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
tkddbs8524@naver.com

The study was conducted to investigate whether the composition of amino acids in ruminant microbial proteinsdiffers according to different energy source feeds used for Korean beef cattle (Hanwoo) diets. The experiment
analyzed ruminal fermentation patterns, microbial protein synthesis (MPS) and amino acid composition, and themicrobial community after 24 h in vitro rumen fermentation using corn grain (T1), rice bran (T2), wheat grain(T3), and wheat bran (T4). The pH in the culture was highest (6.02) in T4 and lowest (4.84) in T1 (p < 0.05). The
total VFA concentration was highest (96.80 mM) in T2 and lowest (53.35 mM) in T1 (p < 0.05). The 222.5 g/Lmicrobial protein synthesis in T4 was higher than those of other treatments (p < 0.05), and T1 was numerically thelowest. The rumen microbial community analysis by DGGE showed a 57.5% similarity or less between treatments.
T3 and T4 showed higher total amino acid concentrations in rumen microorganisms than in other treatments (p< 0.05). Most of the essential amino acid compositions in the rumen microorganisms in T4 were lower than inother treatments, while methionine was highest in T4 (p < 0.05). Lysine composition was highest in T1 (p < 0.05).
Therefore, this study confirmed that the different energy feeds for Hanwoo affected rumen fermentation patterns,
MPS, and microbial community, changing the amino acid compositions of rumen microorganisms.
Keywords: energy feeds, Hanwoo, microbial protein, amino acids

690

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-9

Development of customized milk replacer and optimizationof artificial weaning program for the Hanwoo calves
HR Nam1, HJ Lee2, EB Lee2, SH Oh2 and SK Kang1,21Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University,
Gangwon-do, Korea, 2Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University,
Gangwon-do, Korea
dkssud23333@snu.ac.kr

Traditionally, neonatal Hanwoo calves generally depends on maternal milk feeding since small-scale farms
have been the mainstay of the Hanwoo industry. However, there is a growing interest in milk replacer (MR) andautomatic milk-feeder (AMF) as the number of large-scale breeding farms are increasing in Hanwoo industry, and
it is now necessary to develop an optimal MR and its artificial weaning program (AWP) for the Hanwoo calves
to rear them more efficiently with sustainable way in the future. In this study, AWP using an AMF and a reference
MR were optimized for Hanwoo calves and new formula of MR (cMR), customized according to the compositionof Hanwoo maternal milk, were developed and tested. When the total five AWP were evaluated by varying feeding
amounts, frequencies, and MR concentrations, extension in the-early-nursing-period, and the decreasing MR
method in the-late-nursing-period, the ‘Step-Down-Weaning (SDW)’, decrasing the MR step-wisely in the-latenursing-period, showed the highest results in growth performance (GP) and solid feed intake (SFI). Subsequently,
Two types of cMR were designed by level of total digestible nutrients and comparatively tested with reference MR
applying the SDW. Both cMR showed equivalent performances to reference MR in GP after weaning. Interestingly,
cMR feeding groups showed two-fold higher SFI than reference MR group, which implied that the cMR would be
beneficial for the maintenance of high feed intake and GP after weaning. This study provides informative results of
AMF program which could help to lay the groundwork for stable supply of Hanwoo calves in the future.
Keywords: artificial weaning program, automatic milk feeder, Hanwoo calves, milk replacer				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

691

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-11

Evaluation of in vitro methane production indifferently-treated soybean meals anda rumin-up containing cashew nutshell liquid
SY Im1, SY Kim1, R Bharanidharan2, KH Kim2 and M Baik1
1

Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea
Iss523@snu.ac.kr

Two in vitro experiments were performed to evaluate in vitro methane (CH4) production in (1) differently-treatedsoybean meals (SBM) and (2) a ‘rumin-up’ containing cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL). In experiment 1, untreated
SBM, coconut oil-containing fermented-heated SBM (CO-FH-SBM; SoELAB Pass), and garlic-containing-FHSBM (G-FH-SBM) were substituted at levels of 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50% of the dry matter (DM) substrate. In
experiment 2, the ‘rumin-up’ containing minimum 35% of CNSL was substituted at 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0, 3.0,
and 6.0% of DM substrate. In vitro incubations were carried out for 24 h, and the gas production, DM digestibility,
and CH4 production were determined by following standard procedures. In experiment 1, average CH4 (mL/g DM
substrate) reduction percentages relative to untreated SBM were 29.3 and 21.8% for CO-FH-SBM and G-FH-SBM,
respectively. In experiment 2, ‘rumin-up’ substitution from 0.05% to 6.0% of DM substrate linearly decreased (p <0.001) CH4 production, averaging 33.4% reduction relative to no substitution, which was comparable with that of
30 ppm monensin treatment. The results suggest that CO-FH-SBM, G-FH-SBM, and ‘rumin-up’ could be used as
potential additives for CH4 reduction after further in vivo experiments in ruminants.
Keywords: in vitro, methane reduction, fermented-heated SBM, coconut oil, garlic, rumin-up

692

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-13Comparison of ruminal fermentation of rice traw fiber
between Korean native ruminants
HG Sung
Sangji University, Wonju, Korea
haguyn@hanmail.net

Ruminant species, such as cattle and goats, may have different feeding behaviors and utilization, and levels andrates of intake. The digestibility of rice straw fiber using in vitro ruminal fermentation with rumen fluid of cattle
and goats are scarce. Therefore, in the present study, ruminal fermentation characteristics and rumen microbialcommunity analyses were conducted using ruminal fluid from Korean native goats and Hanwoo to evaluate andcompare the effects of rice straw fiber as substrates in in vitro trials. Four Hanwoo (550 ± 47 kg body weight)
and three Korean black goats (55 kg ± 4.5 kg body weight) were used to provide rumen fluid for in vitro rumen
fermentation. The supernatants were used for ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) analysis.
The NH3-N concentration was measured by Libra S22 and VFAs were analyzed using high performance liquid
chromatography. Microbial DNA copies were analyzed with Eco RealTime PCR. The total gas production was
higher (p < 0.05) in Hanwoo steers than in Korean native goat after 24 h of incubation, but other parameters (VFAs,
NH3-N) were lower in Hanwoo than goat. The in vitro DM degradation of rice straw fiber was higher (p < 0.05) in
Hanwoo than in goats. Significant differences were observed between the species in microbial DNA copies of B.
fibrisolvens, F. succinogenes and R. flavifaciens after 24 h of incubation. B. fibrisolvens and F. succinogenes had ahigher abundance in Hanwoo than goats (p < 0.01). These results show that rumen microbiome differs between thetwo species of ruminants, affecting rumen fermentative metabolites.
Keywords: rumen fermentation, Korean native goats, Hanwoo

This research was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea, NRF-2020R1F1A1076625.

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

693

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-15

Effects of plant extracts (olive leaf and pine cone) onin vitro ruminal methane emission and fermentation
characteristics
SS Lee, PN Seong, YK Lee, JS Wi and JE Kim
National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
shin7398@korea.kr

The studies of rumen methane mitigation are increased with increased international concern on global warming,and several researchers have reported that various plant extracts have potential effects of methane mitigation inruminants. The present study was conducted to demonstrate the effects of olive leaf extract (OLE) and pine cone
extract (PCE) on in vitro methane production and fermentation characteristics. The substrates (concentrates:rice
straw ratio = 4:1) and fifty-milliliters of buffered rumen fluid (McDougall's buffer:rumen fluid ratio = 3:1)
were dispensed into 125 mL bottle. Treatments were divided into three groups with three replication: CON (nosupplementation), OLE (50 μL/L of buffered rumen fluid), and PCE (50 μL/L of buffered rumen fluid), then serum
bottles were incubated at 39℃ for 48 h. The PCE group had the lowest methane production per digestible dry
matter (DM) followed by OLE (p < 0.05). The OLE supplementation had the highest DM digestibility (DMD)
while PCE had the lowest DMD (p < 0.05), but no significant differences were observed between CON andtreatment groups. The concentration of total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) was the highest in CON (p < 0.05). Acetate
to propionate ratio was the highest in PCE, while the lowest in OLE (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the present study
was demonstrated that each plant extract can inhibit methane emission but had negative effect of TVFA. Further
experiment is required to determine the optimal dose of each plant extract on methane production without negative
effect of TVFA.
Keywords: oilve leaf, pine cone, methane production, rumen fermentation
Table 1. Effects of olive leaf and pine cone extracts on in vitro dry matter digestibility, rumen fermentation characteristics, and production of total gas
and methane of diets incubated with buffered rumen fluid for 48 hTreatments1
Item
SEM
p-valueCON
OLE
PCE
IVDMD (% DM)
65.5ab
68.0a
63.2b
1.371
0.016
pH
6.52a
6.40b
6.52a
0.026
0.002
Ammonia-N (mg/dL)
21.5
18.0
19.3
0.787
0.167
Total VFA (mM/L)
101.8a
74.2b
61.9b
8.951
0.004
Acetate (% of mol)
55.4
55.5
58.6
1.641
0.093
Propionate (% of mol)25.2ab
27.3a
24.0b
1.019
0.021
Iso-butyrate (% of mol)
1.33a
1.08b
0.91b
0.090
0.003
Butyrate (% of mol)
13.7a
12.3b
13.2ab0.544
0.054
Iso-valerate (% of mol)
2.55a
2.12ab
1.78b
0.201
0.010
Valerate (% of mol)
1.85
1.70
1.56
0.136
0.097
Acetate:propionate ratio
2.20ab
2.04b
2.45a
0.151
0.044
Total gas and CH4 production
Total gas (mL)
72.0a
62.5a
43.3b
3.036
<0.001
CH4 (mL)
6.88
7.63a
6.88b
0.258
0.018
CH4 (mL/g of DM)
10.1a
8.63b
5.66b
0.561
<0.001
CH4 (mL/g of dDM)
15.6a
12.7b
8.93c
0.759
<0.001
1‌CON, control; OLE, application of olive leaf extract at 50 μL/L of buffered rumen fluid; PCE, application of pine cone extract at 50 μL/L of buffered
rumen fluid.
a,bMeans in the same row with different superscripts differ significantly (p < 0.05). IVDMD, in vitro dry matter digestibility, VFA, volatile fatty acids.

694

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-17

Nonlinear regression growth models of
Korean female Jersey cattle using Gompertz,
von Bertalanffy and Logistic models
DJS Jung, EJ Jeon, JH Lee, DH Kim, DH Lim and KS Ki
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan 31000, Korea
jdjs777@naver.com

Important economic traits of livestock such as body weight or growth characteristics can be measured repeatedly
throughout life for each individual, and these data can be accumulated and used as longitudinal data. This study
was conducted to estimate growth curves using Gompertz, von Bertalanffy, and Logistic models and to compare
their growth characteristics based on the growth curve parameters of 41 heads of female Jersey cattle from South
Korea. Gompertz, von Bertalanffy, and Logistic models were utilized for nonlinear regression analyses. These–kt

models can be specified as Gompertz: Wt = Ae–be , Von Bertalanffy: Wt = A(1 – be–kt)3, and Logistic: Wt = A(1 +be–kt)–1, where Wt is the observed weight t month of age, A is the mature weight or asymptotic limit of the weight
when age (t) approaches infinity, b is the time-scale parameter, k is the maturity rate, and e is the natural logarithm.
–0.100t

Estimates of growth curve functions for Gompertz, von Bertalanffy, and Logistic models were Wt = 566.8e–2.921e
Wt = 574.5(1–0.671e–0.083t 3) , and Wt = 553.3(1 + 10.22e,) , respectively. The estimated infection points were–0.159t –1

10.719, 8.4292, and 14.618 month, the estimated weights at inflection were 208.514, 211.347 and 203.548 kg
and the estimated gains at inflection were 0.851, 21.192 and 21.993 (kg/month) for Gompertz, von Bertalanffy,and Logistic models, respectively. Combining the results of residual mean squares and correlation coefficient, ourresults showed that the growth curve for female Jersey cattle was most suitable in the order of von Bertalanffy
model, Gompertz model, and Logistic model.
Keywords: female jersey cattle, Gompertz, von Bertalanffy, Logistic

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

695

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-19Effects of coated L-tryptophan and L-ascorbic acidsupplementation for productivity of Holstein dairy cow
under heat stress condition
YL Kim1, GH Son1, SH Lee1, HJ Cha1, JS Ahn2, JK Park3, JY Song3, SJ Yun3,
EG Kwon1, JS Shin1 and BK Park1
1

Kangwon National University, Chunchen, Korea, 2Nonghyup Livestock Research Center,
Anseong, Korea, 3Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea
dudfo123@naver.com

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementation with coated L-tryptophan and L-ascorbic
acid on the productivity of lactating Holstein cows during the summer season. Thirty Holstein cows (average
parity: 2.63 ± 2.01) were randomly assigned to one of three dietary groups for 3 months from July to September
2021: control (basal diet), T1 (basal diet + coated L-tryptophan 20 g/cow/day), and T2 (basal diet + coatedL-ascorbic acid 20 g/cow/day). The milk yield was slightly higher in the T1 group than in the control and T2
groups in August and September. The milk fat and protein contents were similar between the treatments in July,but those were slightly higher in the control group than in the T1 and T2 groups in August and September. During
the entire experimental period, the somatic cell count (SCC) increased in the control group but decreased in the
T1 group. The concentration of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in milk was lower in the T2 group than in the control
and T1 groups in September (p < 0.05). The plasma cortisol concentration was slightly lower in the control groupthan in the T1 and T2 groups in July. However, the plasma cortisol concentration in the control group was slightly
higher than in the T1 and T2 groups in September. The results of this study, therefore, indicate that supplementation
with coated additives (especially L-tryptophan) has a positive effect on the milk production and components by
reducing heat stress in lactating Holstein cows.
Keywords: lactating holstein cows, heat stress, feed addtives, milk production696

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-21

Relationship between the supplemental level of lupin
flake and growth performance, blood metabolites, carcass
characteristics, and meat composition in Hanwoo steers
KH Um1, GH Son1, HJ Cha1, SH Lee1, JY Song2, JK Park2, EG Kwon1, BK Park1
and JS Shin1
1

Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea,
2Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea
acopop9969@kangwon.ac.kr

In Korea, there is a recent growing interest in increasing the use of raw materials containing high energy andprotein for the production of high-quality meat. However, no research has focused on the suitable supplementationlevel of lupin to Hanwoo steers. This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between growth
performance, blood metabolites, carcass characteristics, and meat composition with the supplementation oflupin flake in Hanwoo steers. Hanwoo steers were randomly divided into four groups, namely LP0, LP3, LP6,and LP9; their feed formulation contained 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% lupin flake, respectively. Plasma total protein
concentration showed a negative relationship with the supplemental level of lupin flake (p < 0.05). Carnosine andcreatinine showed a positive relationship (p < 0.01). AMP and ATP content showed a positive relationship (p <0.01). The oleic acid and UFA contents tended to show a positive relationship with the lupin flake supplemental
level. Norepinephrine showed a negative relationship with the supplemental level of lupin flake (p < 0.01). Ghrelin
showed a positive relationship directly proportional to the level of lupin flake supplementation (p < 0.01). Thus,
the results of this study indicate that lupin flake supplementation had little effect on growth, carcass characteristics,
and meat composition of Hanwoo steers; however, it had a positive effect on the taste profiles (anserine, creatinine,ATP, AMP, and oleic acid) related to beef.
Keywords: lupin, Hanwoo, growth performance, meat composition

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

697

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-23

Effects of expanded flaxseed supplementation on growth
performance, blood metabolites,
and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers
MH Song1, KH Son1, SH Lee1, HJ Cha1, JS Ahn2, JK Park3, JY Song3, SJ Yun3,
EG Kwon1, BK Park1 and JS Shin1
1

Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Nonghyup Livestock Research Center,
Anseong, Korea, 3Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea
smh5452@naver.com

Flaxseed is recognized as an energy and protein feed for beef cattle because of its high crude protein and crude
fat (especially α-linolenic acid) contents. However, flaxseed may require processing (e.g., expanding treatment)
to improve digestibility because of its hard shell. We hypothesized that growth performance, blood metabolites
and carcass characteristic of Hanwoo steers may differ depending on the supplementation of expanded flaxseed(EPF). This study was, conducted to investigate the effects of expanded flaxseed supplementation on the growth
performance, blood metabolites, and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. Ten steers (332.2 ± 24.2 kg, 12.0
± 0.4 months of age) were assigned to the following two treatment groups: control group (formula feed + annual
ryegrass straw) and treatment group (formula feed + annual ryegrass straw + EPF 500 g/steer/day). The average
daily gain (ADG) was slightly, but not significantly, higher in the treatment group than in the control group during
the entire experimental period. The concentrations of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose were tended
to be higher in the treatment group than those of control group, but it was not statistically significant. The carcass
weight, rib eye area, and back-fat thickness (p < 0.05) were higher in the treatment group than in the control group.
Supplementation of EPF showed little effect on the marbling score, meat color, fat color, texture, and maturity.
Thus, the results of this study indicate that supplementation with expanded flaxseed had positive effects on the
ADG, carcass weight, and rib eye area in Hanwoo steers.
Keywords: expended flaxseed, Hanwoo steers, growth performance, carcass characteristics

698

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-25

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms andphysiological parameters for heat tolerance ofHolstein dairy cows
DH Lim, KS Ki, DH Kim, DJS Jung, S Ha, M Jung, JH Lee and M Han
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea
idh1974@korea.kr

Heat stress is a major cause of welfare and economics to the dairy cattle industry. Genetic selection for heat
tolerance has a great potential to positively affect the dairy industry. The objective of this study was to investigatechanges in physiological parameters of lactating dairy cows exposed heat stress and to analyze the association of
rumination with gene polymorphisms. A total of 30 cows (body weight = 737 ± 46 kg; days in milk = 187 ± 10;
and parity = 2.4 ± 0.2) were used in this study, and were genotyped using the Fluidigm SNP assay. Temperaturehumidity index (THI) was calculated as follows: THI = (1.8 × T) + (RH × (T – 14.4)) + 46.7, where T = airtemperature (℃), RH = Relative humidity (%). As THI increased, the rectal temperature, respiratory, and activityof cows increased, and milk yield, lying, and rumination of cows decreased. Rumination (min/d) was significantly
associated with 4 SNPs, including ARL6IP1, GOLGA4, Chr14_1757935, Hapmap47403-BTA-76048 (p ≤ 0.05).
There was significantly higher rumination and milk yield in individuals with TC genotype of ARL6IP1, TC
genotype of GOLGA4, AA genotype of Chr14_1757935, CC genotype of Hapmap47403-BTA-76048 (p ≤ 0.05).
Therefore, it is inferred that rumination measured with biosensor may be a good indicator for the prediction of heatstress, and gene polymorphisms associated with rumination may be a genetic marker for heat tolerance traits indairy cattle selection.
Keywords: dairy cattle, heat stress, physiology, gene polymorphism
Table 1. Relationship between THI and physiological parameters related to heat stress in Holstein dairy cows
THI5
Parameterp-value
41–50
51–60
61–65
66–68
69–71
72–74
75–77
78–80
81–83
1
d
d
d
d
d
d
c
b
a
RT
38.31
38.35
38.39
38.39
38.39
38.40
38.58
38.87
39.00
<0.001RR230.60f31.86f35.76e40.18d40.16d49.35c50.13c65.81b73.73a<0.001
3
ab
c
b
a
ab
ab
ab
d
d
RU_T
430.2
400.6
418.6
440.9
426.5
427.6
427.3
382.0
379.1
<0.001
Activity4
40.16f43.96e44.26e46.04de47.83cd
50.53c49.97c53.93b57.53a<0.001
1
Rectal temperature (RT, ℃); 2 Respiratory rate (RR, count/min); 3 Rumination time (RU_T, min/d, 2-h intervals); 4 Activity (unit/d, 2-h intervals);5Temperature-humidity index (THI = (1.8 × T) + (RH × (T – 14.4)) + 46.7, where T = air temperature (℃), RH = Relative humidity (%)).
Table 2. Rumination time for different genotypes of 4 SNPs* related to heat stress in Holstein dairy cows
Genotypes
Type of SNP
1
2
3
4
AA
AT
CC
TT
ARL6IP1
357.67b390.83ab441.45a410.89ab
AA
AC
CC
TC
GOLGA4400.48ab
393.63b439.15a440.73aAA
AC
CCCT
Chr14_1757935
455.71a404.20ab415.95ab395.00b
CC
CT
TT
TC
Hapmap47403-BTA-76048
440.06ab400.18b401.64b456.67a*4 SNPs including ARL6IP1, GOLGA4, Chr14_1757935, Hapmap47403-BTA-76048.

				

5
TC
437.67aTT372.25b-p-value
0.051
0.035
0.007
0.035

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699

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-27

Effects of fermented seaweed (Saccharina japonica) byproducts on in vitro fermentation parameters andmilk yield of Korean native goats (Capra hircus coreanae)
EJ Ko1,2, SH Kim1, AR Son1, LL Mamuad1, MA Miguel1, MJ Ku3, YS Choi3, KW Park1,
CJ Yang2 and SS Lee1
1

Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence
System (BK21 plus), Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 3Jeollanamdo Agricultural
Research & Extension Service, Gangjin, Korea
1210003@scnu.ac.kr

This study investigated the effects of fermented seaweed (Saccharina japonica) by-products (SBP) on in vitro
rumen fermentation and milk yield of Korean native goats (KNG). SBP was anaerobically fermented for 3 days
with 1% of either Saccharomyces cerevisiae KACC 30008 (SC) or Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14917 (LP)at 37°C. Then, it was air-dried for 3 days at 45°C and pulverized. Fermented SBP (0.1%) was mixed with thetotal mixed ration (TMR), fermented for 3 days at room temperature, and used as substrate for in vitro rumen
fermentation. The treatments used were as follows: CON: TMR, T1: TMR+SBP, T2: TMR+SBP+SC, T3:
TMR+SBP+LP. Rumen fluid was obtained from the rumen of slaughtered KNGs and used for the analyses of invitro rumen fermentation parameters. The results revealed that LP treatment had a significantly lowest pH after 48
h of fermentation. In addition, acetate and propionate concentrations were significantly highest (p < 0.05) after 48
h of fermentation with concentrations of 46.68 mM and 22.81 mM, respectively. Following in vitro study, sixty
KNG breeders (2.2 parities) were randomly selected and used to determine the effect of fermented SBP with 1% of
SC or LP on KNG milk production. The inclusion of 0.1% SBP fermented with 1.0% LP numerically increased themilk yield of KNGs. In conclusion, the addition of 0.1% SBP fermented with 1.0% LP in TMR increased the VFA
production, specifically acetate and propionate, during in vitro rumen fermentation and tended to increase milkyield in KNGs.
Keywords: Korean native goats, Lactobacillus plantarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, seaweed by-product700

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-29Effects of supplemented resveratrol levels on in vitro
rumen fermentation and growth performance ofHanwoo calves
CH Ryu, B Kim, S Lee, H Bang and YC Baek
Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
chryu0629@korea.kr

This study aims to investigate the effects of resveratrol supplementation on the in vitro rumen fermentation andgrowth performance of Hanwoo calves. Four treatments in in vitro rumen fermentation were used depending on thelevel of resveratrol added: 0% (control), 0.1% (Treatment 1, T1), 0.3% (Treatment 2, T2) and 0.5% (Treatment 3,
T3). Two experimental groups were established for the calf feeding. The control group did not contain resveratrol
and the treatment contained 0.3% resveratrol. The level of added resveratrol and the pH of rumen fluid showed anegative correlation, and the result was slightly lower at 5.62 in T3 of 48 hours (p < 0.05). Total gas production,
total volatile fatty acids, acetate, propionate, and butyrate were significantly higher in T2 and T3 than in thecontrol group at all time points (p < 0.05). Therefore, the T2 group was selected as the appropriate amount to be
added without negatively effecting the rumen. There were no significant differences in the body weight and feed
requirement in Hanwoo calves. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) were significantly lower in the treatment group than in
the control group (p < 0.05), and there was no difference in immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM).
Therefore, since supplemental feeding of resveratrol is beneficial to rumen fermentation, it is important to feed it
at an appropriate level. Additionally, although there was no short-term effect on growth, resveratrol is thought toaffect the immunity of calves.
Keywords: growth performance, Hanwoo calves, resveratrol, rumen fermentation

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-31

Effects of probiotics including C. militaris inclusion on
in vitro rumen fermentation
MS Ju1, YH Jo1, YR Kim1, J Ghassemi Nejad1, JS Lee1, JG Lee2 and HG Lee1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Korea, 2DM Bio., Co, Jeollanam-do, 58517, Korea
ju2139@naver.com

This study investigated the effects of probiotics including C. militaris on in vitro rumen fermentation to estimate
its possibility of being used as a feed additive for advancing productivity in cattle. Rumen fluids were sampledfrom two cannulated Holstein cows and incubated using AnkomRF gas production system for 12, 24, and 48 h. The
probiotics including C. militaris was added to the substrate at seven different levels of 0 (control), and 0.0015,
0.03, 0.06, 0.12, 0.24, and 0.48% (treatment groups) on a dry matter basis. Total gas production was increased by
the treatment groups in 24 h (linear, p = 0.02; quadratic, p = 0.03) and 48 h (linear, p = 0.02; quadratic, p < 0.01)
whereas the highest response was observed in 0.06% group. The treatment groups decreased rumen pH (quadratic,
p = 0.03) particularly showing the lowest value in 0.06% supplemented group. Total volatile fatty acid (TVFA)
tended (p = 0.07) to increase by all treatment groups showing the highest response at 0.06% level. Concentrationof butyrate (mM) was increased by treatments at all levels (p < 0.01). The quadratic broken line model for TVFA(r2 = 0.37, p = 0.045) indicated that maximum TVFA production were reached at 0.0703% addition. Overall,
it is concluded that supplementation of probiotics including C. militaris at 0.07% level can increase the TVFA
production that may lead to positive associative effects on rumen digestive system.
Keywords: in vitro rumen fermentation, C. militaris, probiotics, gas production702

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-33The supplementation of medicinal herbs affects in vitro
methane production and the composition of ruminal
microbiome
JE Kim, PN Seong, YK Lee, JS Wi and SS Lee
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animals Science,
Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea
sumzzzing@gmail.com

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Rheum Palmatum (RP) and Tribulus Terrestris (TT)supplementations on methane production and rumen microbiome in vitro. The rumen fluids were obtained fromthree rumen-cannulated Hanwoo steers. The rumen fluid and McDougall buffer were mixed at a ratio of 1:2.
Then, thirty-milliliters of buffered-rumen fluids were incubated with supplementation of 0, 1, 3, and 5% RP or
TT (percent of the substrate) at 39℃ for 48 h. The 16S rRNA genes for bacteria (V3–V4 region) and archaea(V5–V6 region) were analyzed by using the Illumina platform. The methane yields (mL/g of dry matter) weredecreased in a dose-dependent manner when RP was supplemented (p = 0.002), however, quadratic increases
were observed in TT-supplemented groups (p = 0.013). A total of 223 bacterial genera and 13 archaeal species
were detected in the control, 3% RP and 1% TT groups. Two methanogens, Methanobrevibacter boviskoreani andMethanobrevibacter thaueri, were shown lower abundances in the 3% RP group compared to control (p < 0.05),
however, Methanobrevibacter olleyae and Methanobrevibacter oralis were enriched in both 3% RP and 1% TTgroup compared to control (p < 0.05). The correlation analysis rev ealed that methane production was positively
correlated to Ruminobacter, Treponema, Methanobrevibacter boviskoreani, and Methanobrevibacter thaueri (p< 0.05), while Methanobrevibacter olleyae and Methanobrevibacter oralis showed negative correlations withmethane production (p < 0.05). The results indicate that supplementations of RP and TT have the potential todecrease methane production with some shifts of ruminal microbes.
Keywords: Rheum Palmatum, Tribulus Terrestris, Methane production, rumen microbiome				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

703

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-35Comparative analysis of in vivo digestibility of
Italian Rye grass silage, and oat hay for beef cattle
S Lee, B Kim, HT Bang, YC Baek and CH Ryu
Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
tabababy@korea.kr

Accurate measurements of feed energy have an important role in the control of feed intake for livestock. The
nutrient composition of roughage varies depending on the growing environment and harvest time, and it can causea change in nutrient availability. However, few studies have attempted to measure the energy values of roughages
using an animal trial. Italian ryes grass (IRG) has been generally used as a forage source for beef cattle in Korea.
The objective of this study is to measure the nutrient digestibility and digestible energy of IRG silages comparedwith oat hay. Three samples of IRG silage produced in the Jeonnam province were used, and one sample imported
from Australia were used for this study. An in vivo digestibility trial was performed with four Hanwoo steers (316.8± 24.0 kg body weight) in the metabolic cage, using 4ⅹ4 Latin square design. The total tract dry matter digestibilityof test diets was highest in oat hay (71.7%), followed by three samples of IRG silage (68.1, 68.7, 65.1% in each).
As a result of comparing the estimated values using the NRC equation with those from in vivo results, there wasa difference of 7.2 to 10.9%p in the TDN. In conclusion, the dry matter digestibility of IRG and oat hay showeda significant difference, though there was no significant difference between the IRG samples. In addition, thedifference between TDN measured by in vivo trial and calculated TDN by chemical composition was presented inthis study.
Keywords: Italian ryegrass, oat hay, total digestible nutrients, total tract digestibility

704

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-37

Effects of crude protein level of concentrate mix on
growth performance, rumen parameters,
and methane production in Hanwoo steers
H Cho1, K Kang1, S Jeong1, S Jeon1, M Lee1, H Kang1, J Seo2, J Oh3 and S Seo1
1

Chunganam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea,
3
Cargill Animal Nutrition Korea, Seongnam, Korea
chohyunjin0927@gmail.com

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the crude protein (CP) level of concentrate mix on growth performance,
rumen parameters, and methane production in Hanwoo steers. Twenty-four Hanwoo steers (504 ± 33.0 kg of bodyweight [BW]; 17-month age), blocked by BW, were randomly assigned to one of the four dietary treatments withdifferent CP concentrations in the concentrate mix: high CP (19% CP as fed), middle-high CP (17.25% CP as fed),
middle CP (15.5% CP as fed), and low CP (12% CP as fed). Steers could consume tall fescue ad libitum while aconcentrate mix up to a fixed amount targeting an average daily gain (ADG) of 0.75 kg. Individual feed intake wasmeasured daily; BW was measured every four weeks. After 12 weeks, rumen fluid was collected from all heifers
four times for two consecutive days. The methane emissions were measured using the laser methane detector
technique. Intake and feed efficiency were not significantly different (p > 0.1); however, ADG tended to increase as
the CP level increased (p = 0.076). As the CP level increased, the proportion of propionate in total ruminal volatile
fatty acid decreased, and butyrate and valerate increased (p < 0.05). The methane concentration per kg forage
intake and NDF intake (ppm/kg) in the exhaled gas from eructation linearly decreased as the CP level increased(p < 0.05). This study suggested that a feeding strategy for increasing CP level in the concentrate mix may affectrumen fermentation and alter enteric methane production.
Keywords: crude protein, steers, laser methane detector, methane emission				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-39Evaluation of slow release urea and slow release nitrate as
dietary additives in ruminants
A Jayanegara, M Makmur, DM Fassah and M Ridla
Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Indonesia
anuragaja@apps.ipb.ac.id

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of slow release urea (SRU) and slow release nitrate (SRN) addition
on rumen fermentation and production performance of ruminants through experiments and meta-analysis studies.
In experiment 1, conventional urea and SRU were added into a basal diet at 0.5% DM, whereas in experiment2, conventional nitrate and SRN were used at the same concentration with that of urea. The experimental diets
were then incubated in vitro with buffered rumen fluid at 39℃ for 24 h. Parameters measured were ammonia
concentration, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles, microbial protein synthesis (MPS), gas production kinetics,
methane emission, and the digestibility of DM and OM. In the meta-analysis studies, both SRU/SRN was
compared with its conventional form through data integration from various experiments. The meta-analyses were
performed according to the mixed model methodology in which different studies were treated as random effects
and the form of urea or nitrate as fixed effects. Results revealed that SRU produced lower (p < 0.05) ammonia
concentration but greater MPS (p < 0.05) in the rumen than that of conventional urea. Both conventional nitrateand SRN lowered (p < 0.05) methane emission as compared to the basal diet but no difference was found between
the two forms. The SRU did not affect SCFA profiles and in vitro digestibility. These in vitro rumen fermentation
experiment results were confirmed by the results of the meta-analysis studies. In conclusion, SRU and SRN
provide some advantages than their conventional forms when being used as dietary additives for ruminants.
Keywords: controlled release, nitrogen, rumen, fermentation

706

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-41

Effects of rumen-protected choline with soluble vitamins
supplementation on hepatic functions andcarcass characteristics in Hanwoo steers
SU Shin1, GM Chu2, GH Son1, MH Song1, HJ Cha1, JS Ahn3, EG Kwon1, JS Shin1
and BK Park1
1

Kangwon National University, Chunchen, Korea, 2Nonghyup Feed, Busan, Korea,
3Nonghyup Livestock Research Center, Anseong, Korea
950812shin@kangwon.ac.kr

Long-term fattening periods with high energy levels of feed are used to produce high-quality Hanwoo beef in
Korea. It is caused by fatty liver and metabolic dysfunction in cattle, influencing liver health. This study was
conducted to investigate the effects of supplementing rumen-protected choline with soluble vitamins (RPCSV)
on growth performance, plasma profiles, and carcass characteristics in Hanwoo steers. Forty-five steers wererandomly divided into three groups with three replicates. Steers were fed 0 (T0), 50 (T50), or 100 g (T100) of
RPCSV daily for 6 months. The average daily gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were not affected by
RPCSV supplementation. The concentrations of total bilirubin (p < 0.05), aspartate glutamyltransferase (p < 0.01),
and alanine aminotransferase (p < 0.01) were affected by the RPCSV supplementation period within each treatmentgroup. The concentrations of glucose (p < 0.01), non-esterified fatty acids (p < 0.05), globulin (p < 0.01), bloodurea nitrogen (p < 0.01), and triglycerides (p < 0.01) were also affected by the RPCSV supplementation period
within each treatment group. However, the supplementation level of RPCSV did not markedly affect most plasma
profiles between the treatment groups. Back-fat thickness (p < 0.05) and yield index (p < 0.01) were affected by
RPCSV supplementation. Thus, the results of this study indicate that concentrations of plasma profiles related toenergy, protein, and lipid metabolism were increased by improved hepatic function, without negative effects on
growth performance and carcass characteristics, due to supplementation with RPCSV.
Keywords: Hanwoo steer, rumen-protected choline with soluble vitamins, hepatic function, blood metabolic
profiles				

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707

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-43

Effects of L-glutamine supplementation on thegrowth performance, hematological parameters, andcarcass traits of Hanwoo heifers based onheat-shock protein beta-1 genotype
JS Lee, JS Park, JH Jo, KY Park, XC Jin, JH Lee, BM Kim, YR Kim, JW Lim,J Ghassemi Nejad and HG Lee
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
jslee78@konkuk.ac.kr, Park6672@naver.com

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of L-glutamine (L-Gln) inclusion on growth performance,
biochemical parameters, and carcass traits of heifers based on the specific genotype (heat-shock protein beta-1;
HSPB1). A total of 48 Hanwoo heifers (23.4 ± 0.24 months age) were used for the determination of the genotype of
HSPB1 (SNP No. rs110832311) using DNA samples from the hair follicle of each individual, supplied with a TMR
diet containing 0.25% and 0.5% L-Gln (DM basis) for 180 days, and slaughtered at 30.4 months age. Compared tocontrol, no influences (p > 0.05) were observed in growth performance (BW gain, ADG, and feed efficiency) andhematological parameters of heifers by L-Gln supplementation. When compared to those in the control, however,carcass weight (p = 0.098), carcass ratio (p = 0.096), fat color (p = 0.016), and meat grade (p = 0.051) in the
L-Gln-treated groups tended to improve. The SNP genotyping study revealed that carcass weight (p = 0.034), backthickness (p = 0.059), and meat index (p = 0.081) of heifers showing dominant (CC type) of HSPB1 expression
were higher than those of heifers showing recessive (CT, TT types) of HSPB1 expression. Intramuscular fat (p =0.093), texture (p = 0.092), and meat grade (p = 0.085) were affected by interaction of L-Gln and genotype. Taken
together, we suggested that L-Gln supplementation to TMR contributes to improve carcass traits in terms of meatindex and meat grade in Hanwoo heifers showing dominant (CC type) of HSPB1 expression.
Keywords: L-glutamine, heat shock protein beta-1, Hanwoo Heifer708

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-45

Effect of fungal treated sugarcane bagasse on
voluntary feed intake, nutrient digestion andrumen fermentation end products in meat goats
C Yuangklang and J Khotsakdee
Tropical Agricultural Innovation and Technology Research Centre (TRAINTREC), Faculty ofInnovative Agriculture and Technology (Established Project), Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies,
Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Main Campus, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000 Thailandchalermpon.yu@rmuti.ac.th

The objective of present experiment was to investigate the improvement of sugarcane bagasse by fungal treatments
on voluntary feed intake, nutrient digestion and rumen fermentation end products. Four male 50% Anglonubianand 50% Boer with average 26.7 ± 0.13 kg (mean ± SD) were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Goats werereceived total mixed ration containing sugarcane bagasse (SB) and fungal treated sugarcane bagasse (Pleurotus
pulmonaius, Lentinus squarrosulus Mont. and P. ostreatus) as roughage source. Roughage to concentrate ratio
was set at 20 to 80. There were four experimental periods and each period was lasted for 21 days. Goats were fed
ad libitum and clean water was fully supplied. At the end of experiment, it found that voluntary dry matter intake
was affected by fungal treatments (p < 0.05). Nutrient digestion in goats fed TMR containing sugarcane bagasse
treated with Pleurotus ostreatus had highest (p < 0.05) when compared with others. Ruminal total volatile fatty
acids, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations were significantly difference (p < 0.05) among
treatments. Based on the experimental data, it can be concluded that fungal treated sugarcane bagasse did improvefeed intake, nutrient digestion and rumen fermentation end products in meat goats.
Keywords: sugarcane bagasse, fungal treatment, feed intake, nutrient digestion, meat goats				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-47

Determination of maintenance energy requirements forfattening Korean black goats (Capra hircus coreanae) ingroup housing typeYS Yun1, SY Jang1, JS Lee1, EC Sim1, MR Oh2, NY Kim3, SJ Kim3 and SH Moon4
1

Livestock Enviromental Management Institute, Sejong 30127, Korea, 2Grassland and Forages
Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 31000, Korea, 3Asia Pacific
Ruminant Institute, Icheon 17385, Korea; 4Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
yys0514@lemi.or.kr

The aim of this research was to estimate the maintenance energy requirements for fattening Korean black goats
to help reduce feed costs for farming goats and to obtain basic data for establishing a goat feeding system using
the regression equation estimation method. Thirty-two fattening (9 months old) Korean black goats, with anaverage initial body weight of 23.87 ± 5.62 kg, were used with Latin squares in experimental design (4 × 4). The
experiment consisted of 4 treatments (energy levels: NRC + 0%, T1; NRC + 10%, T2; NRC + 20%, T3; NRC+ 30%, T4), which were based on NRC’s recommendation of 108 kcal of body weight scaled at 75% (BW0.75)
as a maintenance energy requirement for in-digenous goats in their growth stages. As a result of the study, thedigestibility of livestock was found to be at a similar level between treatment groups, and as a result of theregression equation between daily gain and metabolic energy intake of livestock, the optimal energy requirement
was estimated to be 107.98 kcal/kgBW0.75. The energy required for fattening Korean black goats was measured
similarly to the figures presented by the NRC (2007). Through this study, the basic energy requirement of fattening
Korean black goat has been determined, and it is expected that it will be possible to establish a feeding standard
applicable to farms through verification of feed efficiency and individual stall type in the future.
Keywords: Korean black goat, feeding standard, energy requiremnets

710

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-49Development of endolysin having lytic activity against
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus toprevent bovine mastitis
HB Kim and JK Seo
Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute,Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
khb3850@pusan.ac.kr

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is becoming a serious problem in the dairy industry as animportant risk factor for bovine mastitis. This study aimed to develop and characterize endolysin having lytic
activity against S. aureus and MRSA. Complete genome sequences of S. aureus were collected from National
Center for Biotechnology Information and collected sequences were annotated. After filtering out using conserved
domain and solubility prediction, endolysin LyJH1892 was selected as a candidate. LyJH1892 was characterizedunder a range of pH, temperature, NaCl, and metal ion, and the lytic spectrum was evaluated. Approximately
67% of S. aureus were identified as MRSA. Of the MRSA genomes, 57.7% (157/272) exhibited multi-conserved
domains, and the predominant domain (including LyJH1892) was the combination of CHAP domain, Ami_2
domain, and SH3_5. The lytic activity of LyJH1892 against S. aureus (NCCP 16830) was the highest at pH
9.0. The optimal temperature was 25°C. The relative lytic activity was over 60% under 0–62.5 mM NaCl. After
treatment of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, the relative activity was significantly decreased (p < 0.01), thesupplementation of all tested metal ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, and Zn2+) did not restore the lytic activity of LyJH1892.
Under the optimal conditions, 100 μg/mL of LyJH1892 showed potent lytic activity against all tested S. aureus(including MRSA) and several coagulase negative Staphylococci including S. epidermidis, S. chromogenes, S.
hyicus, and S. haemolyticus within 2 h. In conclusion, the newly developed endolysin LyJH1892 could be used as apreventive agent for bovine mastitis through lysing causative bacteria.
Keywords: methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, endolysin, bovine mastitis, coagulase negative Staphylococci				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l711

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-51The synergistic effect of blended buffer product withbuffer agents on ruminal fermentation characteristics
in an in vitro rumen fermentation system
HB Kim1, JY Song2, DE Shin2, JK Park2, GM Chu3 and JK Seo1
1

Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute,Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea, 2Nonghyupfeed Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea,
3
Busan-Bio, Nonghyupfeed Co., Ltd., Pusan, Korea
khb3850@pusan.ac.kr

A high amount of concentrate in the diet is inevitable to meet the nutrient requirement for high-performancedairy cattle, however, it can induce ruminal acidosis. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of BioBuffer (NH Busan-Bio Co. Ltd., Bio), which is a blend of buffer ingredients, with buffer agents on in vitro rumen
fermentation characteristics. In the first in vitro experiment, six treatments were evaluated: control (CON, no
additive), NaHCO3 (3%), MgO (3%), CaO (3%), sodium bentonite (3%), and Mg(OH)2 (3%). In the second invitro experiment, five treatments were used: CON, Bio (3%), 1.5% Bio and 1.5% MgO (Bio-MgO), and 1.5% Bio
and 1.5% Mg(OH)2 (Bio-MgOH2). All in vitro experiments were carried out using strained rumen fluid for 24 h.
Gas and pH were measured at 6, 12, 18, and 24 h. Dry matter degradability (DMD) and volatile fatty acids (VFA)
were estimated at 24 h. In the first experiment, MgO showed the highest pH at 24 h (p = 0.0204). The DMD and
VFA production in MgO and Mg(OH)2 were significantly higher compared to CON (p < 0.001). In the second
experiment, the final pH tended to be higher in Bio containing treatments compared to CON (p = 0.0932). BioMgO showed significant increases in gas and VFA production at 24 h (p < 0.05). MgO and Mg(OH)2 induced
synergistic improvement in VFA with Bio (p = 0.0269). Overall, Bio-MgO might be used as a new candidate
blended buffer by stabilizing ruminal pH with improving rumen fermentation characteristics.
Keywords: buffer agent, acidosis, rumen fermentation, in vitro

712

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-53Development and evaluation of a model for
predicting dry matter intake of lactating dairy cows
using the support vector regression algorithm
Mingyung Lee1, Seong-Min Park2, Kwang-Seok Ki2 and Seongwon Seo2
1

Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea
mingyung1203@cnu.ac.kr

This study aimed to develop a dry matter intake (DMI) prediction model for lactating Holstein dairy cows using
the support vector regression (SVR) algorithm and compare it with three conventional DMI prediction models in
Korean feeding standards for dairy cattle, the 2001 Dairy NRC, and Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System.
A dataset containing 240 weekly individual data from 33 cows reared in a research farm in Korea was used. For
the SVR model development, the combination of the variables in the conventional model that showed the best
performance was selected (i.e., metabolic body weight and fat-corrected milk). The days-in-milk was also includedin the model to incorporate intake variations according to the lactation period. For model development andevaluation, the datasets were randomly divided into training and testing datasets with a ratio of 6 : 4. The testingdataset was also used to evaluate the conventional models. The model adequacy was assessed using the coefficientof determination (R2), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE, kg/day), and residual analyses. The developed
SVR model showed higher precision (R2 = 0.53) and accuracy (RMSPE = 2.76) than the tested conventionalmodels (the best R2 and RMSPE were 0.41 and 3.14, respectively). In addition, the SVR model was the only modelin which no significant bias was observed (p > 1.0). Therefore, it is considered that the model developed using the
SVR algorithm can be used as a prediction model of the DMI for lactating cows together with the conventionalmodels.
Keywords: dry matter intake, lactating dairy cow, support vector regression, modeling				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l713

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-55

Effect of polyphenols (GREEN-ADD) on (in vitro)
rumen fermentation of Hanwoo
JH Lee1, JM Koo1 and SB Cho2
1

Shinhan Biochem R&D Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 2Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
R&D@okshinhan.com

The present study investigated the effect of a blend of polyphenols (GREEN-ADD) on in vitro rumen fermentation
under two different diets conditions. Corn, soybean meal, soybean hull, and beet pulp were used as ingredients,
and non-structure carbohydrate (NSC) contents were varied (40% vs. 60%). GREEN-ADD was included in dietat 0.1% (w/w). Rumen inoculum prepared by mixing buffer solution and screened rumen fluid from cannulated
Hanwoo steer. Fermentation proceeded for 24 hours, and rumen fermentation parameters were investigated. Total
gas production, total volatile fatty acids, n-butyrate, and ammonia nitrogen showed significant effects or trendsof GREEN-ADD treatment. Total volatile fatty acids of GREEN-ADD tend to be greater (7%) than the control inhigh NSC groups (p = 0.1). Particularly more than 10% increment of n-butyrate was found at GREEN-ADD inhigh NSC group (p = 0.08). Ammonia nitrogen was decreased (29%) by GREEN-ADD significantly in high NSC
group (p < 0.05). As a result, dietary GREEN-ADD showed a potential in alteration of rumen fermentation in termsof energy efficiency.
Keywords: NSC, polyphenol, volatile fatty acids, ammonia

714

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-57

Blooming Ulva sp. can be utilized as a feed additive
ingredient in the beef industry
ES Kim1,2, KY Park1, YR Kim1, JS Lee1, JC Lee3, WJ Yoon3, KW Kang4, SW Seo4
and HG Lee1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Science Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea, 2IANS Co. Ltd., Chungcheongnam-do 31090,
Republic of Korea, 3Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608,
Republic of Korea, 4Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
ians@ians.co.kr

The objective of this study was to identify the feed additive, including Ulva sp. on growth and physiologicalcharacteristics in Hanwoo steers. A total of 23 Hanwoo steers were allocated into two groups and fed the diet withor without the feed additive including Ulva sp. (0.3% of DM), hydrolyzed tannin (0.3% of DM), MSG (0.15% ofDM), and probiotics (0.06% of DM) for 13 weeks. Feeding the Ulva sp. containing feed additive alleviated the
bodyweight increment (p = 0.01), average daily gain (p = 0.01), and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). In addition,
the additive supplementation increased monocytes proportion (p = 0.03) while decreased total cholesterol (p = 0.02)
and HDL (p = 0.01). However, the feed additive did not influence methane production and stress parameters suchas hair cortisol, uric acid, and total antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, Ulva sp. can be utilized as a feed additive
ingredient enhancing growth performance in the beef industry.
Keywords: Ulva sp., additive, Hanwoo steers				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l715

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-59The effects of supplementation of an activated charcoal onin vitro rumen fermentation
JB Moon1, DE Shin2, JK Park2, JY Song2, GM Chu3 and JK Seo1
1

Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea, 2Nonghyupfeed Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea,
3
Busan-Bio, Nonghyupfeed Co. Ltd., Pusan, Korea
mantis0044@pusan.ac.kr

An activated charcoal (AC) is a novel carbonized feed additive derived from pyrolyzed biomass having highly
porous structure which allows it to adsorb gasses and carbon. The objective of this study was to evaluate theeffects of AC supplementation on rumen fermentation and degradability in an in vitro system. The basal diet forthis experiment was provided by Nonghyupfeed Co. Ltd. and four experimental treatments were developed: 1)
basal diet (0.5 g) with no additive (Control), 2) basal diet + 0.05% of AC (AC0.05), 3) + 0.1% (AC0.1), and 4) +0.2% (AC0.2) based on dry matter (DM). The in vitro study was conducted to determine the rumen fermentation
characteristics for 0, 3, and 24 h incubation time and the gas production was estimated at 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. The
addition of AC had no effect on gas production, DM degradability, pH, and NH3-N at all the incubation times. The
total VFA production was higher in AC0.2 than control (p < 0.05) at 0 and 3 h. In the VFA composition, there wereno significant differences among treatments (p > 0.10) except acetate at 0 h (p < 0.05). The AC used in this study
did not exhibit any improvement of rumen fermentation.
Keywords: activated charcoal, rumen fermentation, in vitro degradability

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PP2-61Comparative analysis of blood characteristics based on
marbling score levels of fattening Hanwoo steer
BH Park, DH Kang and KY Chung
Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea
wodls9441@gmail.com

This study's objective was to analyze blood characteristics based on growth stage and carcass grade of Hanwoo
steers in a high-quality feeding system. Eighty four Hanwoo steers have been raised by corn-based diet, whichis growing, early fattening, and final fattening with relatively 1.6%, 1.9% and 1.9% concentrate of body weight.
Timothy and alfalfa-based forage-fed for the growing stage and rice-straw fed for early and final fattening periods.
The animals were slaughtered at about 30 months of age. Body weight and blood sampling were performed every
two months before morning feed. The level of Albumin (ALB), Glucose (GLU), Triglyceride (TG), Total protein(TP), Inorganic phosphorus (IP), and Non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) were analyzed using the collected blood
serum. The level of ALB, TP, and TG at the growth was increased during the growth stage (p = 0.01), and the levelof GLU tended to be decreased (p = 0.06). Carcass grades were analyzed in two groups, one with higher meat
quality grade 1 + (MSH) and the other with lower grade 2 (MSL). The level of ALB has low in MSH groups at thegrowth stage (p = 0.01). However, the level of TP was low at MSL at the growth stage. As a result of this study,
the blood metabolites related to lipid synthesis and protein synthesis tended to increase in the final fattening stage.
Carcass characteristics related to lipid synthesis tended to be more significant in the MSH group.
Keywords: Hanwoo steers, blood characteristics, carcass characteristics

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-65

Greenhouse gas balance and carbon footprint assessmentof Korean native beef cattle farms in Jeolla-do province:
implications for mitigation strategies
JS Byun1, R Ibidhi2,3, TH Kim1, WH Hong1, R Bharanidharan4 and KH Kim1,3
1

Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International
Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Agroécologie,
INRAE, Institut Agro, University, Bourgogne, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000
Dijon, France, 3Department of Ecofriendly Livestock Science, Institutes of Green-Bio Scienceand Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea, 4Department of Agricultural
Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University Seoul, Korea
jsbyun@snu.ac.kr

Current global endeavors to attenuate climate change impacts have precipitated rising interests toward greenhousegas (GHG) emissions and mitigation practices in the livestock sector. The carbon footprint (CF) is a significant
indicator that can provide insight into the sustainability of beef cattle production systems and potential strategies
to reduce GHG emissions. This study aimed to identify the major contributors to GHG emissions using a life cycle
assessment (LCA) approach at the farm-gate scale, expressed as a carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq), kg live bodyweight (LBW). Data concerning farm management practices were obtained from twenty three beef cattle farms in
the Jeolla-do province, which is a region hosting the second largest population of beef cattles in the Republic ofKorea. The CF of the farms averaged to 7.0 CO2-eq/kg of LBW and ranged from 3.9 to 11.5 CO2-eq/kg of LBW.
In average, enteric fermentation (45.8%) comprised the largest portion of GHG emissions, followed by manure
management (21.6%), energy consumption (14.5%), manure and fertilizer land application (9.1%) and cultivationof crops from paddy soils (9.0%). By type of gas emitted, methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide accounted
for 59.4%, 28.1% and 12.5% of total emissions, respectively. The results of this study showed high GHG emission
intensity variability between farms which could be attributed to different farm management practices. The outputof this study may increase the awareness of the urgent need to establish efficient, lower GHG emitting farming
practices for beef cattle farms at farm gate in Korea.
Keywords: greenhouse gas emission, life cycle assessment, beef cattle farms

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Animal Science Congress

PP2-67

Effect of hemi-castration on the growth performance,
carcass characteristics and intramuscular adipose tissuesof Korean beef cattle
JS Ahn1, SS Jang2, HJ Lee2, UH Kim2, JI Won2, BK Park3, JS Shin3, GH Son3, GM Chu4and EG Kwon3
1

Nonghyup Livestock Research Center, Anseong, Korea, 2Hanwoo Research Institute, Pyeongchang,
Korea, 3Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 4Nonghyup Feed, Seoul, Korea
dkswns121@naver.com

Steers and bulls exhibit clear differences and corresponding disadvantages. We hypothesize that hemi-castration (theremoval of only one testicle) is the most efficient castration method to compensate for the respective disadvantagesof steers and bulls. Thirty-two Hanwoo calves (Average weight: 148.4 ± 19.8 kg) were randomly assigned into
the castrated Hanwoo (CH) and hemi-castrated Hanwoo (HH) group. All data were analyzed by one-way analysis
of variance (ANOVA), differences between treatments were considered significant at p < 0.05. Final body weight
and average daily gain (ADG) tended to increase in the HH group compared to the CH group. Testosterone
concentration was higher in HH group than in the CH group during the whole experimental period after castration (p< 0.05). The carcass weight was increased in HH group than in CH group, but marbling score was improved by 3.33
in CH group compared to HH group (p < 0.01). Deposition area of adipocytes in Longissimus dorsi were higher
in CH group than in HH group (p < 0.01). Results show that hemi-castration achieve better ADG and carcass
weight than castration, but it lowers the marbling score and auction prices. This is due to the constant release of
testosterone from one testicle. Thus, castration is essential to produce high-quality beef because the level of serum
testosterone secreted in hemi-castration can inhibit fat development as much as in bulls.
Keywords: hemi-castration, Hanwoo, marbling score, testosterone				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l719

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-69Nutritional evaluation of hydroponic corn fodder andits effect as a substitute for feed concentrates in
feeding buffalo calves
CI Castillo1, PLT Llantada1, CP Baltazar1, RD Amido2, MRD De Guia1 and AN Del Barrio3
1

Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters and Gene Pool, Science City of Munoz,
Nueva Ecija, Philippines, 2Philippine Carabao Center UPLB, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines
3
University of the Philippines Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines
aiden.avril07@gmail.com

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hydroponic corn fodder on the growth performance of
buffalo calves. Twelve Bulgarian Murrah buffalo calves were assigned to two dietary rations with 6 replications.
Treatment 1 comprises Napier grass and starter feed concentrates whereas T2 comprises Napier, starter feed
concentrate, and hydroponic corn fodder. Hydroponic corn fodder in T2 was used as a partial replacement forstarter feed concentrate (50%). Results obtained in the study showed insignificant among the two treatment groups
regarding average total weight gain and average daily gain. There were also no significant differences in the dry
matter and crude protein intake among the treatment groups which indicates that 50% substitution of corn sprout
to concentrate is comparable with feeding a basal diet. Data on the digestibility of nutrients reveals a significant
difference (p < 0.05) among the treatment group regarding Dry matter digestibility. Feed cost per day was alsosignificantly lower in T1 compared to T2. However, the cost of feed per kg gain is lower in T2 compared to T1 but
statistically, no significant difference was observed. Overall, the results showed that supplementation of hydroponic
corn fodder as an alternative for feed concentrate as part of the calves' diet provides a beneficial effect in terms ofgrowth and economic viability. Thus, we can conclude that hydroponic corn can effectively substitute up to 50% ofconcentrate feed without compromising the growth performance of the calves.
Keywords: corn fodder, buffalo, calves, hydroponics

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP2-71The effects of purple Napier grass silage on milk yield andmilk compositions in dairy goats
Pramote Paengkoum1, Narawich Onjai-uea1 and Siwaporn Paengkoum2
1

School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree
University of Technology, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, 2Program in Agriculture,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Muang,
Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
This study was to determine the effects of feeding dairy goats with purple Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum‘Prince’) silage (PNS) on milk yield and milk composition. There were three treatments: (1) control (100% Napier
Pakchong 1 grass silage); (2) 50% PNS (control replaced with 50% purple Napier grass silage); (3) 100% PNS(100% purple Napier grass silage). The results showed that goats fed 100% PNS had higher milk composition,
particularly lactose (p < 0.05), and a lower (p < 0.05) somatic cell count (SCC) than other treatments. Based on theevidence presented in this study, purple Napier grass silage can be used as a good source of roughage for feeding
lactating dairy goats.
Keywords: purple Napier grass, silage, milk yield, milk composition, dairy goat				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP2-73

Effect of storage period on chemical composition andfermentation characteristics of sugarcane silage
W Maneerat and M Putsakum
School of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University,
Nonthaburi, Thailand
warinmanee@gmail.com

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of storage period on chemical composition and fermentation
characteristics of sugarcane silage. The experiment was carried out in a 4 × 4 latin square design with 4 type ofsugarcane silage and 4 storage periods at 21, 28, 35 and 42 days. The results showed that the nutrient compositionof sugarcane silage at 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of storage periods in Treatment 1, 2, 3 and 4 were not significant
difference on dry matter, ether extract, ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, cellulose and gross energy(p > 0.05). However, crude protein, nitrogen free extract, and hemicellulose of treatment 2, 3 and 4 were higher
than treatment 1 (p < 0.05). In addition, crude fiber and lignin of treatment 1 was higher than treatment 2, 3 and
4 (p < 0.05). For the fermentation characteristic in term of pH, lactic acid, acetic acid and butyric acid at all
storage periods were not significant difference (p > 0.05). In conclusion, forage sugarcane could be used as silage
to produce good quality silage for ruminant animal and could be storage for 42 days with good conditions on
fermentative characteristics.
Keywords: forage sugarcane, silage, sugarcane silage, ruminant animal

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Animal Science Congress

PP2-75

Untargeted metabolic profiling of serum and milk in
lactating dairy cows affected by heat stress
JS Eom1, SJ Lee1,2, HS Kim1, Y Choi3, SU Jo3, MH Kim4, SS Lee5, SH Kim5, DH Kim6
and SS Lee1,2,3
1

Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea,
University Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 3Division of Applied Life
Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 4Department of Animal Science,
College of National Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea,
5
Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology,
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 6Dairy Science Division, National Institute ofAnimal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea

2

skyandstar07@naver.com

Heat stress (HS) metabolomic studies on lactating dairy cows has been conducted worldwide; however, there
have been very few HS studies in Korea. Therefore, the aim of the study was to conducted untarget metabolic
profiling of serum and milk in lactating Holstein cows by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)
spectroscopy to compare the optimum temperature period (OTP) and high temperature period (HTP) conditions.
Five to six lactating Holestin cows were used in this study. Serum and milk samples were collected under different
temperature humidity index (OTP : 65.45 ± 3.59 and HTP : 86.81 ± 2.32). The metabolites were determinedby 1H-NMR spectroscopy, identified and quanitifed using Chenomx NMR Suite 8.4 software, and the obtained
data were statistically analyzed by Metaboanalyst 5.0. The differentially expressed metabolites in the serum
and milk samples were investigated, based on their relative intensities during the OTP and HTP conditions.
In the serum, betaine, 2-aminoadipate, and acetoin were significantly (p < 0.05) higher OTP than in the HTP.
In contrast, erythritol, glycine, and arginine were significantly (p < 0.05) higher HTP than in the OTP. In themilk, ethylene glycol, methanol, and cis-aconitate were significantly (p < 0.05) higher OTP than in the HTP. In
contrast, 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetone, and glycine were significantly (p < 0.05) higher HTP than in the OTP. Some
metabolites are associated with energy balance and ketosis diseases of serum and milk. This result will serve as a
future reference guide for HS metabolomic studies in Korea.
Keywords: heat stress, lactating holsetin cows, metabolomics

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-1

Incidence of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) chicken meatat a commercial broiler processing plant and its effecton marinated chicken breast
AJA Ahas1, KMNTK Bandara2, KMSS Fernando1, JVNC Chathuranga3, P Manjula1,
JM Heo3 and DD Jayasena1
1

Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka, 2Department ofTechnical Education, National Institute of Education, Maharagama, Sri Lanka, 3Division of Animal
and Dairy Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
nuonechathuranga@gmail.com

Studies on the prevalence of pale, soft, exudative (PSE) condition in Sri Lankan poultry industry is minimal.
Hence, the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of PSE condition in chicken meat at acommercial broiler processing plant and to find out its consequences on quality traits of marinated chicken breast.
A total of 195 randomly selected breast fillets were evaluated for color and the prevalence of PSE condition was
calculated based on the lightness (L*) value; PSE (L* > 58) and normal meat (L* ≤ 58). A total of 20 breast fillets(10 PSE and 10 normal) were then analyzed for color, pH, and water holding capacity (WHC). After marinating
and baking, fillets were analyzed for marinade uptake, marinade loss, cooking loss, color, pH, and WHC. The
incidence of PSE meat was 93% in the present experiment. PSE fillets had higher L* and lower redness (a*) values
compared with normal fillets. In addition, PSE fillets had significantly higher L* values than the normal fillets evenafter marinating and baking. WHC of marinated and baked fillets from the normal group was higher than that fromthe PSE group. However, pH and cooking loss values were similar between PSE and normal fillets after marinating
and baking (p > 0.05). In conclusion, approximately 4% lower WHC in marinated and baked breast fillets wereidentified as a consequence of PSE condition and it may adversely affect the sensory properties, in particular
texture.
Keywords: broiler, marination, meat quality traits, PSE

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-3

Ciphering the potential of synchronous fluorescence
spectroscopy to predict thermal changes in meat
A Sahar1,2
1

Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad, Pakistan, 2National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food,
Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
amnasahar@gmail.com

Formation of these neo-formed compounds as a result of thermal treatment is considered threatening becauseof their mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. The free amino groups can react with aldehydes to give Schiff basesthat eventually go through Amadori rearrangement. Afterwards, modified proteins become capable of emitting
fluorescent light with different spectral features. To ensure the safety and quality of products, it is obligatory
to optimize thermal meat processing. Existence of several fluorescent compounds in meat makes fluorescence
spectroscopy an attractive tool to detect thermal modifications in composition of meat. In addition, this technique
has several other advantages including rapidity, cost effectiveness and non-invasiveness. Thus, it can be effectively
used for on-line monitoring of food quality at industrial level. In this regard, the current investigation was carriedout to explicate the capability of synchronous front-face fluorescence spectroscopy in tandem with multi-variant
analysis to monitor heat induced variations in meat during thermal processing. Purposely, bovine meat samples
were subjected to heat treatment at varied temperatures (66, 90 & 237℃) for different time periods (0 to 10 min.).
Subsequently, fluorescent spectra were directly collected from the samples by excitation wavelength (250–550nm) using different offsets ranging from 20 to 160 nm at regular intervals of 10 nm. The acquired data were further
analyzed using PCA and PARAFAC models. The findings of the current project revealed that this technique has thepotential to provide information about the molecular structure of meat which can be used to classify meat samples
during various heat processing treatments.
Keywords: fluorescence spectroscopy, thermal changes, chemomatrics, meat cooking

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

725

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-5

Predicting the pork loin quality using various quality
properties and electrical conductivity
K Jo, S Lee, HG Jeong, DH Lee, S Yoon, Y Chung and S Jung
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
Kyung_6321@daum.net

This study was conducted to predict the cooking loss of pork loin with various quality properties of loin and inparticular, to confirm the effect of the use of electrical conductivity on the improvement of prediction accuracy.
Pork loin was obtained from 100 pork carcasses and a linear regression analysis was performed to predict cooking
loss by pH, color, moisture, and protein content. Next, electrical conductivity (1 V, 40 Hz) was additionallymeasured in pork loin obtained from 30 pork carcasses, and the change in prediction accuracy was confirmed
by adding electrical conductivity to the regression model obtained from above analysis. In the linear regression
analysis for cooking loss prediction, among the models with an adjusted R2 value > 0.5, pH was a parameter
included in all models, and the next most included parameter was protein content. The regression model with thehighest adjusted R2 value was 0.7 and included pH, L*, b*, moisture, and protein content. As a result of adding theelectrical conductivity to the above linear regression models, both decrease and increase in the adjusted R2 value
were observed. The highest R2 value in the regression model including electrical conductivity was 0.646, including
pH, L*, a*, and b*. which was higher than 0.567 in the model excluding electrical conductivity. In conclusion, theaddition of electrical conductivity did not increase the prediction accuracy in all regression models but suggested
the possibility that cooking loss could be predicted quickly through parameters that are relatively easy to measure.
Keywords: pork loin, cooking loss, electrical conductivity

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-7

Effect of muscle part on nutritional composition andquality traits in head meat from finishing castrated pig
JA Lee1,2, SH Jung1, HV Ba1, Y Ha1, Y Ban1, H Han1, KH Seol1, S Cho1, HW Kim1and SM Kang1
1

National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
2970703@naver.com

This study estimated the effect of muscle part on nutritional composition and quality traits in head meat fromfinishing pig. After slaughter, carcasses from ten heads of pigs were chilled, and then occipitalis (OM), masseter(MM), temporalis (TM), and nasalis (NM) muscles were collected from heads. The yield percentages of fourmuscles from pig head were followed in order: MM > OM > TM and NM. The OM contained the highest (p < 0.05)
calorie, fat and total collagen content and the highest (p < 0.05) water-holding capacity among all muscles. Driploss was lower (p < 0.05) in the OM and MM than in the TM and NM, but cooking loss did not show a significant
difference. The NM had the highest (p < 0.05) myoglobin content and exhibited a darker and redder color
compared to other muscles. The OM and NM had higher (p < 0.05) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) proportionand lower n6/n3 PUFA ratio compared to the MM and TM. These findings suggest that muscle part has a strong
effect on meat quality of finishing pig head.
Keywords: pig head, occipitalis muscle, nutritional composition, meat quality				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-9

Comparison of bioactive compounds and metabolomic
characteristics of Hanwoo and imported beef
HJ Kim, D Lee, DY Jung and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
cjsgusehd123@snu.ac.kr

Beef, as one of the great sources of nutrition, consumption has increased. In Korea, as the amount of imported
beef has recently increased, research on the differentiation between Hanwoo beef (native breed) and imported
beef is continuously needed. Therefore, we compared the physicochemical and metabolomic characteristics of
Hanwoo and imported beef. The fresh beef loin and round from Hanwoo, Angus, and Wagyu were purchased fromthe local market and their physicochemical properties (pH, color, shear force) and bioactive compounds wereanalyzed. Also, the metabolomic profile was performed by one-dimensional 1D 1H nuclear magnetic resonance.
Hanwoo beef loin contained higher carnosine and creatine contents compared to Wagyu, however, Wagyu showed
the highest anserine and betaine contents (p < 0.05). The anserine and L-carnitine contents were the highest in
Hanwoo, however, Angus showed the highest carnosine and creatine content (p < 0.05) in the round meat. As aresult of metabolomic analysis, a total of 22 metabolites were identified in loin and round meat, and 16 metabolites
were significantly different among breeds. Partial least-discriminant analysis showed clear differentiation in
Hanwoo and imported beef, and 6 metabolites (hypoxanthine, formate, alanine, fumarate, niacinamide, lactate)with the variable importance in projection > 1 were found to be major contributors to the group separation.
Especially, the contents of alanine, formate, fumarate, and hypoxanthine were lower in Hanwoo beef loin (p <0.05). The results could be used as basic data to differentiate the Hanwoo from imported beef in the metabolomics
approach.
Keywords: Hanwoo beef, imported beef, metabolites, bioactive compounds

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-11

Inoculation of different microorganisms on dry-aged
beef as a starter and their effect on physicochemical andmetabolic changes
HJ Lee, YE Lee, CH Kim, M Kim, S Ryu, Y Kim and C Jo
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
leehj0113@snu.ac.kr

Although microorianisms has been suggested as a major factor for the characteristic flavor of dry-aged beef,
their role is not clearly reported. Therefore, we investigated the effect of different microorganisms as a potential
starter for dry-aged beef. Fifteen beef sirloins were spary-inoculared with Penicilium candidum, Penicilium
nalgiovensem Penicilium camemberti, Debaryomyces hansenii, and Lactobacillus sakei (PCD, PN, PCB, DH,
and LS, respectively; n = 3). Then, the samples were analyzed for pH, appearance, shear force, antioxidativity,and metabolic changes during 28 days of dry aging period. As a result, we found different changes in pH by thedifferent inocula. In case of appearance, PCD improved its surface color with increasing whiteness compared tothat in the others, while all the inoculated groups stablized internal color changes during whole dry aging period,
especillay for PCB. Shear force was significantly decreased both in the control and inotulated groups, however, theinoculations did not promote further improvements. Early changes in shear force by endogenous enzymes should
be more important than the inoculations. Meanwhile, antioxidativity was the highest in PCB, followed by DH, PN,
LS, PCD, and the control. Also, when metabolites were compared, various flavor compounds were significantly
changed by different inoculations. It shows that flavor development in dry-aged beef could be attributed andvaried with their microorganisms. Based on the results, we suggest the application of microorganisms as a starterfor dry-aged beef. However, as each microorganism has different characteristics, their roles at single and mixture
conditions should be considered before the use for dry aging.
Keywords: dry aging, starter, quality, antioxidativity, metabolites

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-13Characterization of microbial community composition andpathogens risk assessment in Korean fermented sausage
by high-throughput sequencing technology
JH Kim, ES Lee, BM Kim and MH Oh
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural development Administration, Korea
kimjh8199@korea.kr

This study investigated the changes in microbial ecology during the fermentation period (0 to 37 or 50 days) of
two types of salami sausages (A and B) depending on the manufacturing process using high-throughput sequencing
technology. The abundance and diversity of bacteria at the Chao 1 and Shannon levels differed depending on the
manufacturing method of sausages. Type A exhibited a relatively constant microbial abundance and diversity
from the middle of fermentation (7 days, 20 days) to the end (37 days), whereas type B had a significantly higher
abundance and diversity of bacteria at the initial stage of fermentation (0 days), which decreased as fermentation
progressed (p < 0.01). In addition, taxonomy analysis results showed different distribution patterns between the
two types, with Firmicutes being dominant at 80% abundance in the initial period of fermentation and Firmicutes,
Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota being evenly distributed in type B. However, lactic acidbacteria, including Lactobacillus spp. and Leuconostoc spp., were dominant in the final fermentation period,
accounting for more than 95% of bacteria in both types of sausages. These results could be applied to improve thequality of fermented sausages.

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Animal Science Congress

PP3-15The effect of lairage on the metabolomic profiles ofpork loin
D Lee1, DY Jung1, JW Kim2, HJ Lee1, HJ Kim1 and C Jo1
1

Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Sejong Institute of Health & Environment, Sejong, Korea
sptails@snu.ac.kr

Lairage is generally recommended for the improvement of meat quality and the animal welfare system. However,research on the effect of lairage on pork is limited. As metabolomics is effective for the evaluation of the responseof biological systems to environmental changes, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of lairage on
the metabolomic profiles of pork loin. Forty castrated Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc pigs with an average live
weight of 118 ± 5 kg were divided into two groups: the control group (n = 20) was slaughtered immediately after
unloading; the Lairage group (n = 20) was kept in lairage for 24 h before slaughter. The pigs were slaughtered on
the same day, and pork loin from two groups was obtained. The metabolomic profile of pork loin was analyzed by
one-dimensional 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. Orthogonal partial least-discriminant analysis showed a clear
differentiation between groups, and the amounts of 12 metabolites (3-hydroxybutyrate, acetate, alanine, ethanol,
glutamate, glutamine, glycine, lactate, leucine, methionine, and phenylalanine) in 24 quantified metabolites differedsignificantly. Lairage reduced lactate and most free amino acid contents but increased valine content in pork loin(p < 0.05). Furthermore, pathway analysis suggested lower degrees of glycolysis and protein metabolisms in the
Lairage group compared to the control group. In conclusion, the lairage had an effect on metabolomic changes
in pork loin which may influence the meat quality. This finding will provide an insight to researchers for theestablishment of standards to identify the meat products from animal-friendly production systems.
Keywords: animal welfare, lairage, pork loin, metabolomics

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l731

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-17

Physicochemical characteristics and sensory acceptabilityof dairy beef round by cooking method
HJ Kim1,2, D Kim2, HJ Jeong2, HJ Lee2, Y Jung2 and A Jang2
1

Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
cjsgusehd123@snu.ac.kr

A dairy cow is cattle to produce milk, however, male and maiden dairy cows can be used to produce meat.
Especially, as round meat is a representative tough cut, way to increase the tenderness and preference by processing
has been studied. This study evaluated the effect of cooking methods (microwave, boiling, and sous vide) on
the physicochemical characteristics and sensory properties of dairy beef round (quality grade 2). The diary beefround was purchased from the local meat shop, and pieces of round were cooked by microwave (700 W), boiling(100℃), and sous vide (65℃) until reached 71℃ of internal temperature. The round meat with sous vide showeda higher pH value and lower lightness and redness than other methods (p < 0.05). The cooking loss of round meatwas 28.32–31.78%, with no significant difference. The tenderness of round meat with sous vide was significantly
increased as a decrease in shear force and hardness value compared to boiling (p < 0.05). Moreover, round meatwith sous vide got a higher score in aroma, taste, flavor, and tenderness than boiled round meat (p < 0.05). The
round meat cooked by sous-vide showed a higher score of overall acceptability (6.53) compared to the microwave(5.47) and boiling (5.03). These results suggested that sous vide is an effective method to apply in diary roundmeat to increase tenderness and flavor and its effect on flavor-related compounds of diary beef round is needed forfurther research.
Keywords: cooking method, dairy beef, sensory property, tenderness732

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-19Effect of bovine blood vitamin A concentration on
pupil area change rate
DY Kang1, NE Kim2, BG Kaushalya Madhavi2, NC Deb2 and HT Kim2
1

Department of Bio-industrial Machinery Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences ofGyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Department of Bio-Systems Engineering,
Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
kong452@naver.com

The quality grade of beef is determined by meat colour, fat colour, texture, maturity, and intramuscular fat.
Among them, intramuscular fat determines the meat quality grade by increasing the flavour and tenderness ofbeef. Therefore, increasing the intramuscular fat distribution to obtain high-quality meat is necessary. Moreover,vitamin A improves intramuscular fat distribution. Many studies have been conducted in Japan and United States
related to vitamin A deficient and intramuscular fat distribution. Most of the research results were showed the best
performance. To measure vitamin A in the cattle blood, It must be drawn through a syringe and analyzed. Morecost-effective, time-consuming, non-destructive and efficient method was used in the present study. Therefore, thepurpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the concentration of vitamin A in the blood and therate of change in the area of the pupil. The experimental subjects were 43 Japanese black cattle. To capture thepupil area, the cow's eyes were covered with a plastic box to block external light, and two cameras were installedinside the box. This study's independent and dependent variables are pupil area change rate and blood vitamin
A concentration, respectively. The correlation coefficient and the R2 are –0.054, 0.003, indicating no correlation
between the two variables. RMSE is 24%, indicating that the error level is large.
Keywords: black cattle, pupil, serum vitamin A

This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture,
Forestry and Fisheries (IPET) through Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Convergence Technologies Program for
Educating Creative Global Leader, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (717001-7).

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l733

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-21

Changes in the quality of pork by packaging method after
aging using Jeju scoria pot
C Moon, SJ Kim, GH Kim, KB Ko and YC Ryu
Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
ans3421@jejunu.ac.kr

Scoria is volcanic rocks, volcanic sand, and volcanic ash emitted from volcanoes in the Jeju area. Scoria is widelyused as a natural ceramic material because it has mineral content, far-infrared and anion emission, sterilization,
and antibacterial functions with alkali ingredients. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the safety of porkmeat after aging. The aging lasted until the 30 days, it was wrap packed and vacuum packed, and stored for 5 days,
10 days, and 15 days. As a safety test, Aerobic bacteria and E. coli were performed according to the packaging
method. For identifying the stability of the aged meat, also, TBARS and VBN changes were measured. As a resultof the microbial test, it was measured below the standard value regardless of the aging method, however, the valuesof Aerobic bacteria and E. coli in the aging was completed were measured above the standard value within 10 days
after packaging. And the vacuum-packed ones did not exceed the standard until the 15th day of packaging, except
for 30 days of aging.
Keywords: aging, scoria, pork, safety

Table 1. Changes in the safety of pork after aging at pot
Aging time (day)30

Aging method

VBN

TBARS

Total plate counts

E. coli

Scoria pot

8.35 ± 1.08

1.011 ± 0.116

4.11 ± 1.16

2.31 ± 1.20

Normal pot

7.56 ± 0.59

0.987 ± 0.132

2.99 ± 2.78

1.38 ± 1.20

Result presented Means ± SD.

734

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-23Bactericidal effect on pork loin by treatment ofplasma-activated acetic acid
HJ Lee1, D Yim1, HJ Kim1, AK Sethukali1 and C Jo1,2
1

Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and ResearchInstitute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Institute ofGreen Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea
gkrtod634@snu.ac.kr

This study investigated the antibacterial effect of plasma-activated water (PAW) and plasma-activated acetic acid
(PAAA) against the suspensions of Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 13311, Escherichia coli O157:H7 NCCP
15739, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19111, and the pork loins inoculated each pathogen. To produce PAW, 0.5%
PAAA, and 1.0% PAAA, 200 mL containing deionized water (DW), 0.5%, and 1.0% (v/v) of acetic acid (AA)were prepared and atmospheric cold dielectric barrier discharge plasma (10.0 kHz and 2.0 kVpp) was treatedto each solution for 60 min, respectively. Three individual bacterial suspensions and pork loins inoculated witheach bacteria were immersed in the untreated and treated-plasma solution for 10 min. The S. Typhimurium, E.
coli O157:H7, and L. monocytogenes were not detected in the 0.5% and 1.0% PAAA-treated suspensions withbelow a detection limit of 10 CFU/mL. Meanwhile, PAW showed a decrease of 1.96, 0.90, 0.91 Log CFU/mL for
S. Typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7, and L. monocytogenes compared to DW, respectively. Among all groups, thepopulation of bacterial cells in 1.0% PAAA-treated pork samples significantly decreased by 1.65, 1.35, and 1.01
Log CFU/g, on S. Typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7, and L. monocytogenes, respectively, compared with PAW. Thus,
1.0% PAAA had the synergistic antibacterial effect against all tested bacteria inoculated on pork loins.
Keywords: plasma-activated acetic acid, pork loin, pathogens, bactericidal effect				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l735

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-25

Effect of specific pre-cooking methods on the quality
characteristics of retorted Satay taichan during storage
E Triyannanto, DR Fadhlillah, ER Utami and Rusman
Department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
endy.triyannanto@ugm.ac.id

This study aims to determine the effect of the pre-cooking method on the quality characteristics of retorted
Satay taichan during storage at ambient temperature. This study used three parameters namely, chemical quality,
Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, and total bacteria. The pre-cooking methods used in this research were grilling(C), microwave heat cooking (T1), torch heat cooking (T2), and pan frying (T3). Prolong storage time for Sataytaichan was carried and tested at weeks 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The results showed that the pre-cooking methods
had no significant effect on chemical quality (p > 0.05) but had significant effect on the TBA value and total
bacteria (p < 0.05). Moreover, storage time significantly affected chemical quality, TBA value, and total bacteria(p < 0.05). Regarding chemical quality, T3 has the lowest percentage of water content, namely 67.43% and thehighest protein content, which was 26.13%, but no significant result among treatments (p > 0,05). T1 showed thelowest percentage of fat content, which is 3.57%. T1 produces the lowest value of TBA which 0.06 MDA/kg.
Furthermore, results showed that T3 produced the lowest total bacteria (3.13 log CFU/g). This study concludes
that pan-frying pre-cooking method has the highest chemical quality and the lowest total bacteria compared to thecontrol, while the satay pre-cooked using the microwave heating method had the lowest TBA value compared tothe control. Furthermore, this study showed that prolong storage could decreased chemical quality but increase the
TBA value and total bacteria of Satay taichan.
Keywords: Satay taichan, pre-cooking methods, quality characteristics, storage736

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-27

Effects of emulsified Coenzyme Q10 on the antioxidant
system of the blood and liver in laying hens
WK Cho1, YS Moon2, YJ Lee1 and IS Jang2
1

Farm Fresh Bio Co., Pocheon, Korea, 2Division of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
buttyna@gmail.com

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on the antioxidant
defense system in the blood and liver of laying hens. Thirty-six 40 wk-old Lohmann Brown hens were randomly
assigned to 3 groups with four cages with three layers each. Laying hens were subjected to one of following
groups: Control (CON, basal diet), powdered CoQ10 (PCoQ, 100 mg/kg diet), and emulsified CoQ10 (ECoQ,
100 mg /kg diet) groups. All layers were fed ad libitum a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with powderedor emulsified CoQ10 for 5 wks, respectively. There was no difference in body weight, gain, and organ weights
including the liver, and spleen among treatment groups. Blood total antioxidant power (TAP) in the ECoQ group
significantly (p < 0.05) increased by about 2-fold compared with that in the CON group. However, there wasno significant difference in blood TAP between the PCoQ and ECoQ groups, although there was a tendency for
decreased level of TAP in the ECoQ group. The mRNA expression and specific activities of superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in the liver of layers were not affected by dietary CoQ10 or type of CoQ10.
However, hepatic lipid peroxidation in the ECoQ group was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than that in the
CON group. In conclusion, dietary emulsified CoQ10 showed increased blood TAP and decreased hepatic lipid
peroxidation without affecting antioxidant enzymes, suggesting that emulsified CoQ10 might be applicable as anactive antioxidant supplement in laying hens.
Keywords: emulsified Coenzyme Q10, antioxidant system, lipid peroxidation, laying hens				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

737

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-29Culturing of satellite cells isolated from Jeju black cattle
Semimembranosus muscle and genes analysis related totaste for cell cultured meat
YA Kim, SH Park, SH Oh, GT Park, YH Park and JS Choi
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
rladbsdk0621@naver.com

As meat consumption increases worldwide, an alternative source of animal protein that can be produced efficiently
is needed. Technology of cell cultured meat production can produce animal protein without breeding livestock. It
is currently possible to cultivate in vitro meat in bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells (MSC), but the technology is
still under development. The purpose of this study is to establish basic knowledge of the development of cultured
meat using Jeju black cattle. Jeju black cattle is known to have umami and flavor than other breeds of cattle. This
study was conducted using Jeju black cattle Semimembranosus muscle. MSC isolated from Semimembranosus
of Jeju black cattle were seeded (1,800 /cm2) in T25-flask coated with collagen. The cells were cultured in an
incubator (37℃, 5% CO2) for 5 days using growth medium (GM). The process was passaged until passage 10.
In GM, cells tended to proliferate rapidly in early passage (P3–P7). However, after P7, the rate of proliferate
performance tended to decrease significantly. Glutamic acid, myoglobin and Inosine monophosphate (IMP) of
MSC cultured using Real-time qPCR were identified. Hanwoo MSC and Holstein MSC for comparison were
cultured in the same environment as MSC from Jeju black cattle. IMP and myoglobin showed no significant
difference in MSC of Jeju black cattle. However, glutamic acid, an amino acid that affects flavor, was more than
three times higher in Jeju black cattle MSC. It is judged that these results will be of great value as basic knowledge
in the development of cell cultured meat.
Keywords: cell cultured meat, Jeju black cattle, proliferate, taste genes analysis

738

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-31

Effects of honeybee comb extract on storage
characteristics of pork patties during refrigerated storage
GT Park, SH Park, YA Kim, YH Park, SH Oh, CW Han, NY Choi, SK Cho and JS Choi
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
qkrrbxo113@naver.com

Bee products have long been used in traditional medicine and therapy. The raw materials, extracts and purified
active compounds obtained from bee products have been found to have antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The
pharmacological molecules in honeybee comb are flavonoids, phenolic acids, and esters. In this study, different
amounts of honeybee comb extract (HBCE), royal jelly, and propolis were added to pork patties and the effects
on storage characteristics during refrigeration (4 ± 1℃) were investigated. Each bee products was added in four
ratios (0.1%, 0.4%, 0.7%, 1%), and a total of 14 treatments were studied with CON1 (Negative control) without
any addition and CON2 (Positive control) with 0.1% ascorbic acid. In the experiment, patties stored in refrigerator(0, 3, 7 days) were measured, and TMC, VBN, TBARS, and DPPH radical scavenging activity (DRSA) were
performed. As a result, in the case of 7 day TMC, 1% propolis added patty showed significantly lower values than
HBCE added treatment group and CON1 (p < 0.05). At the 3rd and 7th day VBN, patties with 1% propolis and 1%
HBCE showed significantly lower values than those of CON2 (p < 0.05). In TBARS and DRSA, the patties with 1%
propolis did not show a significant difference from CON2 in all periods (p > 0.05), and the patties with 1% HBCE
showed significantly higher values than CON1 in DRSA (p < 0.05). These results showed that HBCE and propolis,
among bee products, had an effect on storage characteristics during refrigerated storage when added to pork patties.
Keywords: bee products, honeybee comb, pork patty, storage characteristics

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l739

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-33

Transmission of the microbiome, resistome, and virulome
from the pork meat production to distribution phase
D Bae1, S Kim2 and M Kim1
1

Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju 52828, Korea, 2Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans
University, Seoul 03760, Korea
dongryeoul@gmail.com

Despite the prophylactic use of antimicrobials in livestock production was banned in most countries, considerable
amounts of antimicrobials have been still used. The overuse or misuse of antimicrobials, leading to the increase ofbacteria with antimicrobial resistance, has threatened to public health. We have identified antimicrobial resistanceand virulence factor genes in pork meats and their producing environments in a pig farm, slaughterhouse, porkmeat processing plant, and retail stores using high throughput shotgun sequencing. In-depth metagenomic
sequencing enables profiling of pathogenic bacteria, resistome, and virulome in food and its-related environments.
Various microbiome, resistome, and virulome were identified in the samples from swine farm to table. Important
pathogens to human health such as Acinetobacter, Mycobacterium, Clostridium, Klebsiella sp., Staphylococcus
spp., and Moraxella spp. were found. Genes resistant to β-lactams, tetracycline, and aminoglycoside were mainly
identified in the most of samples via plasmidome analysis. Virulence factor genes, including OOM_0626, found in
belly meats at retail stores were also found in the glove of worker in the slaughterhouse and belly meats cut froma carcass in the meat processing plant via metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). MAGs can also provide
information for the existence of unculturable bacteria in samples. The study demonstrates a possibility for thetransmission of genes in pork meats from their-producing environments. A shotgun metagenomics approach canhelp us effectively to find a critical point and site with a high risk for the transmission of pathogens and undesirable
genes from pork meat production to distribution phase and consequently promote public health.
Keywords: genes, transmission, antibiotics, swine

740

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-35

Analysis of the muscle composition and correlation ofmuscle fiber types between pork belly and butt
ES Kim1, S Kim1, JH Cho1, GB Keum1, H Doo1, J Kwak1, S Pandey1, E Hong2, J Kim2,
A Sung2, S Lee2, A Lee2, K Seol3, SM Kang3, S Jung2, Y Lee2, HJ Kwon2 and HB Kim1
1

Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea,
3
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea
essol0430@gmail.com

Muscle and fat contents are critical attributes determining the quality of pig carcasses and cuts. The objectiveof this study was to analyze the correlation between the two parts of the pig carcass (pork belly and pork butt)by measuring the muscle fiber type and fat composition for each part. The muscles (latissimus dorsi, abdominal
external oblique, abdominal internal oblique, transversus thoracis, external intercostal muscles) were fractionatedfrom the pork belly and pork butt. Then the muscle samples were taken by 1 cm2 for analysis of muscle fiber typeand fat accumulation. Myofibrillar ATPase staining and oil Red O staining were performed to distinguish muscle
fiber types (type I, IIA, and IIB) and to analyze the distribution of fat within the muscle, respectively. Correlation
analysis between port belly and pork butt and statistical analysis were performed using GraphPadPrism 7. In porkbutt, the ratio of type I and type IIA of myofiber was higher, whereas of type IIB was lower compared to pork
belly. The muscle fiber composition of the two regions showed a positive correlation, but the fat deposition had nocorrelation. It is expected that the results of this study will serve as objective data for reference in predicting andgrading carcass quality, however a more detailed investigation is required.
Keywords: pork, non-destructive inspection, muscle fiber, staining				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

741

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-37

Application of a newly developed chitosan/oleic acid edible
coating for extending shelf-life of fresh pork
BV HOA1, DH Song1, KH Seol1, SM Kang1, HW Kim1, JH Kim1, SS Moon2 and SH Cho1
1

Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea,
2Sunjin Meat Research Center, Ansung, Korea
Songdh711@naver.com

Raw meat is a perishable food and is considered as one of the major sources of pathogenic bacteria causing the
foodborne diseases and public health concern. Chitosan is a well-known film-forming biodegradable polymer
obtained from crustacean shells with potent antimicrobial activities. The work aimed at evaluating the applicabilityof a newly developed chitosan/oleic acid edible coating for extending shelf-life of fresh pork under aerobicpackaging condition. For this purpose, 2-cm thick fresh pork slices were coated with 2% chitosan (CHI), 0.5% (v/v) oleic acid in 2% chitosan (CHI/0.5%OA) or 1% (v/v) oleic acid in 2% chitosan (CHI/1%OA). After coating, thesamples were aerobically-packaged by over-wrapping with permeable plastic film and stored at 4℃ for 21 days.
Non-coated samples were served as a control. The samples were then analyzed for the meat quality and shelf-lifestability. Results showed that the aerobic bacteria and Pseudomonas spp. counts, and total volatile basic nitrogencontent were almost 2 to 3 times lower in the CHI/OA-coated samples compared to the control after 21 days ofstorage (p < 0.05). The incorporation of 0.5–1% oleic acid completely inhibited the growth of E. coli. Especially,
the coating with CHI/1%OA completely protected the meat against discoloration after 21 days of storage. This
study provides an application potential of chitosan/oleic acid edible coating in preservation of fresh pork to prolong
the shelf-life and improve safety.
Keywords: coating, chitosan, oleic acid, shelf-life742

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-39The level of use of garlic (Allium sativum) as a feed additive
to energy intake, carcass, abdominal fat in hybrid ducks
Tertia Delia Nova, Rijal Zein, MS Talitha Ivana Arlin
Universitas Andalas Padang, 2022, Indonesia
This study aims to determine the level of use of garlic (Allium sativum) as a feed additive on energy intake, carcass
and abdominal fat in hybrid ducks. This study used 80 DOD hybrid ducks. Treatment started on day 15 to week 10.
This study used an experimental method with a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 4 treatments and5 replications. The garlic flour treatments consisted of A (0%), B (0.5%), C (1%), D (1.5%). Parameters measured
were energy intake, percentage of carcass and percentage of abdominal fat. The conclusion of this study showedthat the use of garlic flour as a feed additive with a percentage of 1.5% resulted in the best performance withan energy intake of 2,419.59 kcal/head/week, carcass percentage 62.59% and an efficient 1.06% abdominal fat
percentage, in the use of garlic flour against hybrid ducks.
Keywords: garlic, energy intake, carcass, abdomen fat, and hybrid duck				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l743

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-41

Relationship between proteolysis and shear force ofHanwoo longissimus lumborum compared withaging duration, packaging and grade
Moon-Ju Kim and Inho Hwang
Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 4896, Korea
The objective of this experiment was to investigate relationship between proteosis and shear force. Hanwoo
longissimus lumborum muscle (LL) with grade 1, 1+, and 1++ were stored for 40 days a weeks or two weeks
interval at 1℃ or 4℃. Each sample were assigned to 2 × 3 × 4 factorial design (stored at 1℃ or 4℃, packaged
with vacuum packing, modified atmosphere packaging, and aging duration for 1, 7, 21 or 40 days). As a result of
examining the protein degradation pattern using SDS-PAGE, 37KDA troponin-T was slightly degraded aroundstorage 14 days and then it was almost degraded at storage 21 days under all packaging conditions. This means thatregardless of storage temperature, grade, and packaging, if the storage period is prolonged, it might be decompose.
Whereas WBSF (Warner Bratzler-shear force) decreased on the storage 7 days. This suggests that troponin-T isdegraded at least 7 days after slaughter but also there are another factors as well as degradation of troponin T in theenhancement of tenderness.
Keywords: proteolysis, shearforce, packaging, beef tenderness

This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture,
Forestry and Fisheries (IPET) through (Export Promotion Technology Development Program), funded by Ministryof Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (grant number 618002-05-3-SU000).

744

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-43

Effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas stunning method on
quality characteristics of pork small intestine atfactory scale
DH Song1, SM Alam1,2, JA Lee1,3, VB Hoa1, IH Hwang2, HW Kim1, SM Kang1,
SH Cho1 and KH Seol1
1

Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea,
Department of Animal Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 3Department of
Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea

2

songdh711@naver.com

The gas stunning method is preferred worldwide as an animal welfare slaughtering method. There is a food cultureof eating pig intestines in Asian countries, such as China, Japan, Korea, etc., however there was a previous study
about the discoloration of pig intestines via the carbon dioxide (CO2) stunning method. Therefore, this study
was conducted to compare the quality of pig intestines according to the electric or gas stunning method. Each 10
crossbred pigs were stunned and slaughtered using electric (ES) or CO2 gas stunning (GS) methods, respectively.
The small intestine was collected immediately after slaughtering and used for measuring pH, color, thickness, andshear force. The pH of the small intestines of GS pigs was lower than that of ES pigs. In color, the lightness andyellowness of small intestine from GS pigs were significantly lower than that of ES pigs. Although, there was no
significance, the redness of small intestine from GS pigs were higher than that of ES pigs. Regardless of cooking,the thickness and shear force of the small intestine were lower in the CO2 stunned pig than the electrically stunned
pig. From these results, it can be concluded that the carbon dioxide gas stunning method applied to pigs havepossibility to cause not only discoloration of small intestine, but also decrease the thickness of the small intestine,
which induces a decrease in shear force compared to the electrical stunning method.
Keywords: gas stun, intestine, discoloration, shear force				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l745

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-45Chemical and sensory properties of sour cream using
anhydorus milk fat
AMG Yasona1, IG Sarmago2, MCR Oliveros1 and AM Tapia1,21Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines
Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines, 2Dairy Training and Research Institute,
College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños,
College, Laguna, Philippines
mroliveros1@up.edu.ph

The Philippines relies on imported ingredients for the local manufacture of dairy products. One of the top importsof the country is anhydrous milk fat (AMF) which is favored by dairy manufacturer because it is easier to handle
in the processing line. AMF is also cheaper than cream. The current study compared the chemical and sensory
characteristics of a commercial brand of sour cream (T1, Control) and the experimental sour cream with anhydrous
milk fat (T2). The cream component of the experimental sour cream (T2) was completely replaced with AMF.
Acidity was higher in T1, but it has lower solids-non-fat than T2 (p < 0.05) which was attributed to the higher
protein content of T2. Scores on dairy sweet aroma, pungency, rancid odor, firmness, sourness, adhesiveness,
moistness, and residual mouthfeel did not differ between treatments. Higher sensory scores on color intensity,smoothness, buttery, creamy, sweetness, and flavor intensity attributes were obtained by the control (p < 0.05).
The overall acceptability score was higher in the commercial sour cream than the AMF-sour cream (p < 0.05). The
results indicate that complete replacement of cream with AMF decreases sensory quality and acceptability of sour
cream. Partial replacement of cream may be evaluated in succeeding studies.
Keywords: anhydrous milk fat, sour cream746

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-47

Quality characteristics and volatile organic compounds offried Korean native chicken leg meat
YS Jung1, DJ Shin1, D Kim1, HJ Jeong1, HJ Lee1, JH Lee2, HJ Choo3 and A Jang1
1

Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon,
Korea, 3National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang, Korea
dbtjd97@naver.com

Korean native chicken (KNC) has indigenous texture and flavor. Fried chicken is one of the most popular chicken
products in Korea and few studies was done to evaluate fried KNC. Therefore, this study aimed to compare thequality properties and volatile organic compound (VOC) of fried leg meat of broiler and KNCs; Hanhyup 3 (HH3)and Woorimatdag 1 (WRMD1). The leg meat of broiler, HH3, and WRMD1 (n = 5) was cured for 24 hours at 4℃,
battered, and fried at 180℃. Crude fat of WRMD1 was significantly lower compared with the other treatments.
Water holding capacity of WRMD1 had higher value in comparison with HH3 (p < 0.05). The HH3 had higher
cooking yield than broiler and WRMD1 (p < 0.05). All sensory attributes were not significantly different among thetreatments except for appearance. The predominant fatty acid composition of WRMD1 was linoleic acid (25.54%)
and MUFA/SFA (2.08) and PUFA/SFA (1.28) of WRMD1 were higher than those of HH3. The multivariate
analysis of VOC showed that the WRMD1 and broiler was clearly separated. The hierarchical heatmap visualized
the cluster of each species and described that the mostly VOC could distinguish the differences among the breeds.
The 28 compounds including Pyrazine, 2,6-diethyl- and Butylated hydroxytoluene were considered key VOC
to differentiate each breed with high variable importance in projection scores (> 1.2). This result showed thedistinctive difference of meat quality and volatile organic compound between fried chicken meat from broiler and
KNCs. Further study on their taste-related compounds would be necessary to characterize them.
Keywords: Korean native chicken, fried leg meat, meat quality, volatile organic compound				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

747

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-49Anaerobic method for eliminating antibiotic residue ofmastitis treatment in cow’s milk using kefir grain
AK Umam, LE Radiati, RD Andriani, CN Yunita, MW Ramadhaniarti and R Ramadhan
Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
lilik.eka@ub.ac.id

Appropriate technology was needed to degrade the antibiotics in waste milk after mastitis treatment. The
microbiology method as an anaerobic treatment probably effectively eliminates antibiotic residues in milk becauseof microorganism activities. This study aimed to Eliminate Antibiotic Residue of Mastitis treatment in Cow’s Milk
with an anaerobic method using kefir grain. Twelve samples of Holstein cows milk with 3% of kefir grain wereassigned to treatments equally: cows milk with 3% of kefir grain without antibiotics (control) and cows milk with
3% of kefir grain plus three levels of antibiotics: 6 μ, 8 μ, and 10 μ of Biomycin, respectively. The obtained data
were statistically analyzed by Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications
and continued by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). This research shows that the addition of 3% kefir grains
indicates the elimination of antibiotics in milk with a negative result on the antibiotic residue test. A significant
different effect of pH, syneresis, lactic acid bacteria viability, and Total Plate Count (TPC) was found on cow’s
milk with 3% of kefir grain plus 6 μ of antibiotics, except for dissolved protein. 3% kefir grain indicated the bettercharacteristics concerning chemical quality, with the lowest values for pH 3.98 ± 0.03 and syneresis 24.93 ± 0.7,
highest dissolved protein 8.16 ± 1.71 then resulted in a high number of microbiological quality including, Total
Plate Count (TPC) 8.58 ± 0.08 CFU/mL and Total Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) 8.87 CFU/mL, respectively, whencompared with the control sample.
Keywords: antibiotic, milk, kefir grain748

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-51Volatile flavor constituents and their comparison incooked pork, beef and chicken
Zubayed Ahamed1, Jeong-Uk Eom1 and Han-Sul Yang1,2
1

Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), 2Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-dareo, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, Korea
Meat flavor is the most important sensory attribute that people use to judge the quality and this flavor is associatedwith the generation of volatile compounds. The volatile aroma compounds from cooked meat of pork, beef andchicken were investigated and compared using Head-Space Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) combinedwith Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The SPME fiber used in this experiment was 50/30 µm
divinylbenzene/carboxen on polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) and the extraction was done at 65℃ for 30
min. The desorption of the SPME fiber in the injection port of GC took place for 7 min. Supelcowax 10 capillarycolumn was used in GC. From the chromatogram, 42, 33 and 32 different compounds were identified in pork,
beef and chicken meat. These compounds were classified into different chemical groups which include aldehydes,
alcohols, ketones, acids etc. and the aldehydes and alcohols were the most dominant chemical groups found ineach type of meat. As each meat have a different flavor, they contained different volatile compounds and we also
observed different chromatogram in term of peak number, height, area, and retention time for each type of meat
which indicates different compounds and helps to identify the compounds. This study found HS-SPME with GCMS analysis can be a feasible method for the identification of volatile aroma compounds from cooked meat.

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l749

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-53

Effect of lairage time on the occurrence of pale, soft,
exudative (PSE) condition and physicochemical propertiesof chicken breast meat
DMST Abeyrathna1, TK Ediriweera2, KMSS Fernando1, ND Tissera1,
SR Nawarathne1 and DD Jayasena1
1

Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka,
Department of Bio-AI Convergence, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University,
Daejeon 34134, Korea

2

tkediriweera@gmail.com

The focus of this study was to explore the effect of lairage time (LT) on the occurrence of pale, soft, exudative (PSE)
condition at a commercial broiler processing plant and the physicochemical properties of chicken breast meat. A
total of 150 broilers were randomly selected and subjected to three different LT (2, 4, and 6 h), with 50 birds pereach before slaughtering. Breast fillets were then tested for the PSE condition based on the lightness (L*) value(PSE - L* > 58; Normal - L* ≤ 58) and the prevalence was calculated. Ten breast fillets (5 PSE and 5 normal) fromeach LT were analyzed for physicochemical properties such as colour, pH, and water holding capacity (WHC). The
occurrence of PSE meat at 2 h, 4 h and 6 h of LT was 8%, 38%, and 72%, respectively (p < 0.001). In addition, 6h LT resulted in a lower pH value in breast meat compared to 2 h and 4 h LT (p = 0.015). However, breast meatfrom 2 h LT had the lowest WHC as opposed to its counterparts (p = 0.002). Furthermore, PSE meat showed 7.39%
higher L* (p < 0.001), 2.53% lower pH (p < 0.001), and 4.58% lower WHC (p = 0.002) values than the normal
meat. In conclusion, longer LT led to higher levels of PSE occurrences along with lower meat quality traits inbreast meat.
Keywords: breast meat, lairage time, lightness, PSE

750l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-55

Changes in stress hormones concentration andmeat quality according to stunning methods of broilers
HW Kim, DH Song, KH Seol, CH Kim and JH Joen
Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
Woogi78@korea.kr

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of slaughter methods on the stress hormones concentrationand meat quality of broilers. Each 10 broilers were stunned and slaughtered using halal and gas stunning (CO2and N2) methods. Broiler blood samples was analayzed for cortisol using the ELISAmethod, and chicken breast
meat were collected immediately after slaughtering and used for sample to measure pH, color, cooking loss, andshear force. The cortisol concentration according to the slaughter method was the highest halal method and lowest
in N2 stunned broiler. The pH of CO2 stunned broiler was higher than that of halal and N2 stunned broiler. The
lightness and yellowness of CO2 stunned broiler were significantly lower than that of halal and N2 stunned broiler,
and redness of N2 stunned broiler were higher than other methods. The shear force was lower in the CO2 stunned
broiler than the halal and N2 stunned broiler. In conculution, the gas stunning method had less effect on the stressthan the halal method duringr the slaughter process of broiles, and nitrogen stunned method was lowest stresshormone concentration. However, the breast meat quality was the lowest in the corbon dioxide gas truning method
and the highest in nitrogen gas stunning method.
Keywords: gas stun, stress hormone, meat quality, animal welfare				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

751

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-57

Characteristics of free fatty acid and amino acidcomposition from Hanwoo veals withdifferent rearing periods
DH Song1, JA Lee1,2, SM Alam1,3, VB Hoa1, SM Kang1, HW Kim1, SH Cho1 and KH Seol1
1

Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea,
Department of Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea, 3Departmentof Animal Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea

2

songdh711@naver.com

The veal is used as a luxury ingredient in Europe, therefore Hanwoo veal has a potential that can make highadded value. However, Hanwoo veal has not been produced in Korea, and studies about its nutritional value areinsufficient. The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and nutritional properties ofbeef from Hanwoo calves of 10, 12 and 14 months old. The veal with tenderloin, strip loin, and top round wereobtained from 18 Hanwoo steer carcasses. The veal was then analyzed for the proximate, collagen, amino acid,and fatty acid composition. In all experiments, no correlation was found between retail cuts and rearing periods.
According to the rearing periods, the moisture content decreased, but the fat content increased (p < 0.05). There
was no difference in collagen content between all retail cuts and raising periods. The concentration of essential
amino acids of top round was higher than those of tenderloin, and it corresponds with the results of significantly
higher content of histidine and valin in top round than tenderloin (p < 0.05). And it was found that the veal from 14
months old had a lower threonine and arginine content and a higher cystine content than the veal from 10 months
old (p < 0.05). In the fatty acid composition, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids showed difference between
top round (52.58%), strip loin (49.64%), and tenderloin (46.86%), significantly (p < 0.05). In addition, a significant
difference was also found in MUFA between three muscle (p < 0.05).
Keywords: Hanwoo, veal, proximate composition, nutritional752

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-59Comparison of water holding capacity insemimembranosus, semitendinosus, andbiceps femoris between the sow and commercial pig
JU Eom1, HS Yang1,2 and JK Seo2
1

Applied Life Science (BK21four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Institute ofAgriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
djawjddnr7@naver.com

Water holding capacity is the ability to retain moisture when subjected to physical treatment. The color of meatis one of the factors that determine water holding capacity, and the redder the meat color, the better the water
holding capacity. The characteristic of sows is that, their meat color is red, so it was expected that they would havebetter water holding capacity than commercial pigs. In the meat processing industry, water holding capacity is an
essential factor that leads to the production yield of meat products, and most meat products are manufactured using
the hind legs of pork. Therefore, in this study, the three major muscles (semimembranosus, semitendinosus, andbiceps femoris) of the hind leg of a commercial pig used for processing were compared with the holding capacityof the three major muscles of a sow. Experimental methods measured meat color, pH cooking loss, and muscle
fiber composition. All muscles of sows were redder than that of commercial pigs and had higher pH and more
muscle fiber Type Ⅰ. The sow's meat color was red because there were many muscle fibers Type Ⅰ representing red
muscle. The sow's pH was high because muscle fiber Type Ⅰ had a high pH. A high pH improves water holding
capacity. Therefore, the cooking loss was low in all muscles of sows. In conclusion, it is judged that the threemuscles of sows had more muscle fiber Type Ⅰ, which resulted in improved water holding capacity.
Keywords: sow, water holding capacity, muscle fiber				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

753

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP3-61

Effect of fermentation time on lapan (rabbit meat)jerky processing
Joy Christine V Sta Cruz, Marielle D Gamboa, Noime J Mallari
Bulacan Agricultural State College, Philippines
This study aims to formulate and develop lapan jerky through fermentation and assess its acceptability throughsensory evaluation. Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (Lcs) from commercially available cultured drink (Yakult)
was used as a starter culture. Samples of lapan jerky were fermented at 0 h, 2 h and 4 h at 35°C. Parameters such
as Lactobacillus count, pH, % titratable acidity, % moisture content and water activity (Aw) were investigated.
Consumer acceptability was determined by 60 consumer-type panelists using 9-point hedonic scale. Panellist
evaluated the products’ color, appearance, texture (chewiness), flavor and overall acceptability. Results revealed
that lapan jerky fermented at 4 h produced significantly lower pH, primarily due to the activity of LcS. % moisture
content and Aw of the fermented samples are found to be comparable to commercially dried fermented meats.
However, no significant changes were observed on % titratable acidity among the jerky produced. It is hereby
recommended to account for other byproducts of LcS in order to confirm its activity in the product. In contrast,
lapan meat fermented for 4 h yields significantly higher sensory scores compared to other treatments (p < 0.01).
Generally, fermented lapan jerky was found to have more desirable characteristics in terms of appearance, texture(chewiness), flavor and overall acceptability than unfermented samples. The results of this study provide baseline
data on the production of fermented product out of lapan. For future studies, it is recommended to examine otherbiochemical changes brought by fermentation that may affect the sensory characteristics of the final product.
Keywords: lapan, Lactobacillus casei, jerky, fermentation, sensory evaluation754

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP3-63The effects of sucrose and nitrite various addition levels on
physicochemical and sensory quality of Indonesian-style
restructured goat dendeng
CM Chen and AD Arumsari
National Pingtung University of science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
Goat meat dendeng (jerky) is one of traditional Indonesian dried meat products and its qualities are influenced
by various adding levels of ingredients (sucrose and nitrite). Then goat meat is also quite popular in Taiwan for
Taiwanese. The aims of this study were to investigate at various additional levels of ingredients on the effects
for quality of physicochemical and sensory attributes obtained from restructured goat meat dendeng (RGD) andtheir interaction. This study indicates that drying conditions at T2 (55℃ / 2.5 h and 50℃ / 3.0 h) with adding the
combinations of sucrose and nitrite at selected levels (24, 30%; 75, 150 ppm) had good quality characteristics of
RGD. Summarizing results above, RGD with higher scores of overall acceptability (5.28–5.79) which added withsucrose and nitrite (24 / 150, 30 / 75, 150) by using drying condition at 50℃ / 3.0 h and 55℃ / 3 h can maintainits quality well. This study suggests that RGD may be a multicultural product for Southeast Asian and Taiwanese
depending on the people perceptions.
Keywords: quality, nitrite, sucrose, indonesian-style restructured goat dendeng				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

755

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP4-1

The difference in production of sorghum-sudangrasshybrid between normal and abnormal
climate scenarios in Korea
M Kim, D Kim, CE Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, MH Jo and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
lunardevil@kangwon.ac.kr

This study aimed to assess the difference in the production of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (SSH) between normal
and abnormal climate scenarios. SSH data (n = 1,025) were collected from reports of new variety adaptability,
and meteorological data were collected from the weather information system. To generate abnormal climates,
temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, and wind speed from seeding to harvesting were used based onearly, middle, and late periods using principal component analysis. The abnormal climate scenarios with adverse
characteristics for growth and development of SSH were distinguished from normal using the Euclidean-distancediscriminant analysis. Then, to compare dry matter yield (DMY) between normal and abnormal, a t-test with a
5% significance level was performed. As a result, abnormal climate appeared in all periods except for middle
May, August, and middle September. In particular, the difference in DMY between normal and abnormal climate
scenarios was greatest in early September, to 4,552.2 kg/ha (p < 0.05). Where, in early September, the abnormal
climate showed the characteristics of low sunshine duration and high precipitation. It indicates that the most fatal
damage in DMY occurred in scenarios where the regeneration potential was not sufficiently induced during the last
growth period of SSH. This study was carried out to assess the impact of abnormal climate scenarios on the DMYof SSH, and it can be helpful to make a guideline for its vulnerability in Korea.
Keywords: sorghum-sudangrass hybrid, abnormal climate scenario, dry matter yield

This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science andICT (NRF- 2022R1C1C1004618).

756

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-3

Yield of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid under the climate
event scenarios in Korea
M Kim, D Kim, CE Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, MH Jo and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
lunardevil@kangwon.ac.kr

This study aimed to check the dry matter yield (DMY) sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (SSH) under the climate event
scenarios in Korea, such as typhoons, heavy rainfall, drought, and tropical night. SSH data (n = 1,025) werecollected from reports of new variety adaptability, and weather warning records were collected from a weather
information system. Then, the difference in DMY by the presence or absence of climate events was checked by thet-test with a 5% significance level. As a result, the difference in DMY was clear for the typhoons and heavy rainfall(p < 0.05). In particular, the damage in DMY caused by more than seven typhoons was greatest at 9,350.62 kg/ha.
We judged that the difference in DMY was unexpectedly large because the damage by temporary climate events islikely to be limited by the total DMY from multiple harvests. Although the frequency of more than seven typhoons
approaching the Korean Peninsula is small, it is likely that SSH was damaged in twice regrowth stages and/or
harvesting time. Therefore, we judged that it is necessary to evaluate the impact of climate events using simulation
based on extreme distribution. This study was carried out to assess the impact of climate event scenarios on the
DMY of SSH, and it can be helpful to make a guideline for its vulnerability in Korea.
Keywords: sorghum-sudangrass hybrid, climate event scenario, dry matter yield, typhoons

This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science andICT (NRF- 2022R1C1C1004618).

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

757

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP4-5

The impact of extreme scenarios affecting production ofsorghum-sudangrass hybrid in Korea
M Kim, D Kim, CE Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, MH Jo and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
lunardevil@kangwon.ac.kr

This study aimed to check the impact of extreme climate scenarios on production of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid(SSH) comparing to normal climate. SSH data (n = 1,025) were collected from reports of new variety adaptability,
and meteorological data were collected from a weather information system. To generate extreme scenario, mean
temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, and wind speed from seeding to harvesting were used based on early,
middle, and late periods using outliers in the box plots. Where, the climatic variables were mutually independent.
Then, to compare dry matter yield (DMY) between normal and abnormal, a t-test with 5% significance level was
performed. As a result, the extreme climate scenarios were: 1) late-April, mid-May, mid-June, late-July and earlyAugust for temperature, 2) all period except of late-August for precipitation, 3) all period except of May for windspeed, 4) early-May, early-June, mid-June, early-September for sunshine duration. In particular, the difference in
DMY bwteen normal and extreme climate scenarios was greatest in late-June of wind speed, to 9,558.7 kg/ha (p <0.05). Considering that SSH is a multi-harvested summer forage crop, we judged that the difference in DMY was
unexpectedly large. This study was carried out to assess the impact of extreme climate scenarios on the DMY of
WCM, and it can be helpful to make a guideline for its vulnerability in Korea.
Keywords: sorghum-sudangrass hybrid, abnormal climate scenario, dry matter yield

This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science andICT (NRF- 2022R1C1C1004618).

758

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-7

Study on hay preparation technology for sorghum ×sudangrass hybrid [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] using
stationary far-infrared dryer
JG Kim1,2, HR Kim2, YF Li1, LL Wang1, YS Yu1 and A Farhad2
1

Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology,
Pyeongchang, Korea
forage@snu.ac.kr

Far-infrared drying is a promising drying technology that has the potential to be used efficiently in the forage
industry for hay production without compromising the overall quality of the dried product. However, there is little
information available on the use of this technology in hay preparation for sorghum × sudangrass hybrids. The
goal of this study was to provide information on the comparative efficacy of various drying conditions known toaffect drying process efficiency. Various drying conditions were investigated, including radiation rate, temperature,
airflow volume, and duration, in order to identify the parameters that resulted in the best drying performance.
Sorghum × sudangrass hybrids was harvested in September, stored as silage, and then dried under different
conditions. The findings suggested that the drying process takes a long time due to the thick stem characteristics
of sudangrass. The optimal conditions were determined to be an initial radiation rate of 44–46% followed by adecrease to 40–42 percent at a drying temperature of 65℃ and an airflow volume of 65 m/s for a duration of 60
minutes at 30-minute intervals. Under these conditions, the mean dry matter content of sorghum × sudangrasshybrids biomass increased from 35.1 and 33.3% to 84.8 and 87.8%, respectively. This equated to 5.6 and 5.8 kw/
h of electricity consumption, respectively. Overall, hay preparation from a sorghum × sudangrass hybrid using
stationary far-infrared technology was promising when the processing conditions were optimized. However,additional economic analyses are needed before this technology could be adopted at the commercial scale.
Keywords: drying conditions, far-infrared, hay, sorghum × sudangrass hybrids, radiation

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

759

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP4-9

Study on hay preparation technology for alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) using stationary far-infrared dryer
YS Yu1, YF Li1, LL Wang1, HR Kim2, A Farhad2 and JG Kim1,2
1

Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University,
Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology, SNU, Pyeongchang, Korea
forage@snu.ac.kr

Far-infrared drying has the potential to be used efficiently in the hay industry. However, additional studies fordrying condition are required before this technology can be commercialized. As a result, the purpose of thisresearch was to provide data on the comparative efficacy of various drying conditions known to affect the efficiencyof drying process. Various drying conditions, such as radiation rate, temperature, airflow volume, and duration,
were investigated in order to identify the parameters that resulted in the most efficient drying performance. A
drying test was conducted on the 4th harvested alfalfa and then drying was undertaken using stationary far-infrared
dryer under different conditions. The findings suggested that the drying process takes a long time right after harvestof alfalfa, which was associated with a significant electricity consumption. Before being subjected to the farinfrared dryer, the initial dry matter content of fresh alfalfa averaged 26.9%. The optimal conditions were basedon electricity consumption basis determined to be an initial radiation rate of 40–36% at a drying temperature of
65–61℃, and an airflow volume of 60 m/s for a duration of 30–30 (60 minutes) intervals. Under these conditions,the mean dry matter content of alfalfa biomass increased from 27.1% to 90.3%, respectively. This equated to 4.7
kw/h of electricity consumption. Overall, hay preparation from alfalfa using stationary far-infrared technology waspromising when the processing conditions were optimized.
Keywords: alfalfa, drying conditions, far-infrared, hay radiation

760

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-11Comparative study of seed productivity of Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.) ‘GreenCall’ according to seeding
distance in the Southern Region of Korea
YF Li1, LL Wang1, YS Yu1, YS Bae2 and JG Kim1,2
1

Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University,
Pyeongchang, Korea, 2Institute of GreenBio Science and Technology, SNU, Pyeongchang, Korea
forage@snu.ac.kr

Seeding distance is an important parameter affecting the morphological development and level of seed productivity
in Italian ryegrass. However, less information is available regarding the effect of seeding distance for Italianryegrass grown in Southern parts of Korea. The objective of this investigation was to provide information about theproper seeding distance in order to optimize growth characteristics and seed productivity of Italian ryegrass. Italianryegrass was sown at a seeding rate of 20 kg/ha at a seeding distance of 20, 30 or 40 cm. Growth characteristics
including lodging, disease and cold resistance as well as maturity and emergency rate remained unaffected by theseeding distance. A seeding distance of 40 cm resulted in the shortest plant height (mean = 119 cm). Fresh and DM
yield of seeds was not affected by seeding distance. Straw yield (fresh basis) was lowest at 40-cm seeding distancebut was not different on a DM basis. Acid detergent fiber concentration was lowest (38.5% of DM) at 40-cm
seeding distance, resulting in the greatest TDN concentration (58.5%). Inter-row spacing had no effect on in vitro
DM digestibility and relative feed value, averaging 53.5% of DM and 78.7, respectively. The narrower inter-row
spacing resulted in lower number of stem, spike and tiller stem per unit area. Overall, seeding distance had slighteffect on seed and straw productivity but narrower inter-row spacing resulted in better agronomic traits and lower
forage nutritive quality (i.e., TDN). Additional economic analysis is needed in order to identify the best seeding
distance.
Keywords: Italian ryegrass, seeding distance, seed productivity, straw yield				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

761

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP4-13

Effects of different moisture contents and storage durationon the chemical composition and fermentation quality ofalfalfa wrapping round bale silage
HS Park, JH Kim, KW Lee, SY Lee and BH Lee
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea
anpark69@korea.kr

Moisture concentration and storage duration during fermentation affect the preservation of non-chopped silage, butthese variables have not been adequately assessed for alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) round bale silage. The objectiveof the present study was to evaluate the effects of different moisture contents and storage duration on the chemicalcomposition and fermentation quality of alfalfa wrapping round baled silage. Baling alfalfa harvested at the 10%
bloom stage was wilted to target moisture contents (35, 45, 55, and 65%) and stored for up to 6 months. The
contents of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were not significantly
different as the moisture content decreased and storage duration increased. Moisture contents and storage duration
had significant effects on silage fermentation quality. The lactic acid content decreased significantly as the moisture
content decreased, whereas the acetic acid content and pH increased significantly. It is concluded that a moisture
content within a range from 60% to 40% is best for alfalfa wrapping round bale silage.
Keywords: alfalfa, silage, fermentation quality, moisture762

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-15

Effects of sowing date on growth characteristics and dry
matter yield of alfalfa
BH Lee, KW Lee, JH Kim, SY Lee and HS Park
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan, Korea
leebaehun@korea.kr

In this study, the productivity of alfalfa was investigated to find out the optimal sowing date in spring and autumn
with different sowing dates. Alfalfa was sowed in the test field at the National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea. The sowing period was performed
6 times in autumn (September 18 to November 8, 2020) and 7 times in spring (February 24 to April 29, 2021) at
10-day intervals. The sowing rate was 20 kg/ha, and the fertilization rate was 100-300-300 kg/ha of N-P-K, 20
kg/ha of boron, and 300 kg/ha of lime. After sowing, preemergence herbicides (Trifluralin 44.5%) was applied tothe entire surface of the soil. The total dry matter yield of alfalfa was the highest at 23.5 ton/ha on the 1st sowing(Sep. 18) in the autumn. Total dry matter yield at the 1st sowing (Feb. 24) in spring was 12.7 ton/ha, which was
the highest among spring sowings, but lower than in autumn. There was no significant difference in chemicalcomposition by sowing and harvesting time. This study found that the earlier autumn sowing could expect thehigher productivity of alfalfa. However, the delayed autumn sowing could lead to the difficulty of wintering.
Therefore, it could conclude that spring sowing is recommendable in terms of productivity.
Keywords: alfalfa, sowing date, forage yield				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l763

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP4-17

Analysis of feed mixer efficiencies of feed manufacturers in
the Philippines from 2017 to 2021
C Timoging, GC Belen, E Angeles, FC Reyes and JB Lacuesta
Philchema, Inc., Quezon City, Philippines
crison.timoging@philchema.com.ph

The study aimed to determine the feed mixer efficiencies of different feed manufacturers in the Philippines, using
the data gathered from 2017 to 2021. Mixing efficiency was measured by determining the coefficient of variation(CV) using the color-coded tracer homogeneity test. Measurement was described as excellent (CV ≤ 10%), good
(CV = 10–15%), fair (CV = 15–20%), and poor (CV ≥ 20%). Mixing efficiency results (n = 1,395) were grouped
according to mixer type, mixing time, batch size, and feed type. Gathered data were subjected to descriptive
statistics. Excellent mixing efficiency was achieved by 44.74% and 21.74% of feed samples mixed using thehorizontal-type mixer and vertical-type mixer, respectively. The mixing time with the highest percentage of
excellent mixing efficiencies was 5 minutes (45.12%) using a horizontal-type mixer while ≥ 25 minutes (33.33%)
using a vertical-type mixer. A 500 kg batch size has the highest mixing efficiency (44.21%). Among all the feed
types tested, piglet feed was the most efficient in mixing (43.42%). These factors can affect the homogeneity of
mixed rations. Thus, it must be considered in attaining the acceptable CV to provide uniform feed to the animals.
Keywords: feed manufacturers, homogeneity, mixing efficiencies

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Animal Science Congress

PP4-19Fermentation of triticale silage with
Lactobacillus plantarum-A29 under low moisture condition
I Soundharrajan, K Muthusamy, JS Jung and KC Choi
Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea
choiwh@korea.kr

The ensiling process is an essential step towards improving silage's nutrient content and preserving its quality
for long periods. In silage fermentation, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play a major role by accelerating lactic acidproduction and inhibiting undesirable microbes. In this study, triticale silage was made by an ensiling method in
the presence of the biological additive Lactobacillus plantarum-A29 at low moisture condition. The samples weredivided into control and LAB inoculated samples. Six months later, the silages were tested for nutrient composition
and acids content. Control silage had higher pH values and lower LAB counts, along with more yeast and molds(p < 0.05). But, the sample inoculated with inoculant decreased pH values by inhibiting undesirable microbial
growths and increased LAB counts compared to the control sample. Data on organic acids showed that the additionof LAB drastically increased the lactic acid content of silages (p < 0.05). A higher level of acetic acid and a lower
level of butyric acid were noted in silage treated with LAB compared to silage without inoculant (p < 0.05). There
was no difference between the control and LAB inoculated samples in terms of nutrient contents, such as crude
protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and nutrient detergent fiber (NDF). The overall result of the study provedthat L. plantarum-A29 significantly improved silage quality at low moisture content (< 45%) by increasing lactic
acid and reducing butyric acid level, thus suggesting that L. plantarum-A29 could be used as a potential biologicaladditive for low moisture triticale silage production.
Keywords: ensiling, L. plantarum-A29, low moisture silage, organic acids

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PP4-21

Growth and productivity of corn cultivars at
different environmental locations in Korea
KC Choi, I Soundharrajan, K Muthusamy and JS Jung
Grassland and Forage division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Seonghwan-eup, Cheonan 31000, Korea
choiwh@korea.kr

Forage corn is considered to be one of the most important summer crops in the production of silage. A study
was conducted to evaluate the characteristics and productivity of the corn cultivars Kwangpyeongok, AGR 41,
and Nero IT in Jeju, Cheonan, and Pyeongchang in the year of 2021. Additionally, we investigated the impact ofwater on the characteristics and productivity of the Kwangpyeongok. Different corn cultivars were sown in Jeju
on April 7, in Cheonan on May 3, and in Jeju on April 27 in different regions of Korea. At yellow-ripening stage,stem height, diameter, leaf and ear yield of three cultivars were measured. AGR 41 and Nero IT cultivars did not
differ significantly in stem diameter. By contrast, cultivars in Cheonan had slightly smaller stem diameters thanthose in other regions. At Jeju and Cheonan, stem height remained the same, whereas at Pyeongchang, higher stemheight was observed for all cultivars. Jeju recorded lower yields than Cheonan and Pyeongchang. In Pyeongchang,
total yields increased across all cultivars. Based on a study comparing irrigated and non-irrigated corn for growth
characteristics and productivity, irrigation decreased stem diameter, leaf number, and stem height, while increasingstem height and corn quantities as compared to non-irrigated corn. But, there are no significant differences between
the experimental parameters for irrigated and non-irrigated fields. Research results showed that cultivars fromdifferent regions showed different levels of growth productivity and distinct characteristics, however, cultivars
from Pyeongchang showed a higher level of productivity at all levels.
Keywords: forage corn, different cultivars and regions, characteristics and productivity

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-23Lower-lignin alfalfa effects on agronomic characterizationand productivity and energetics of lactating dairy cows
DH Min1, B Baral1, M Ibraheem2, B Bradford2, K Buse3 and P Kononoff3
1

Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA, 2Michigan State University, East Lansing,Michigan, USA, 3University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
dmin@ksu.edu

There is little data demonstrating the net effect of lower-lignin (LL) alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on dairy cattle.
Specific objectives include: 1) Agronomic characterization of field-grown alfalfa cultivars exposed to a range ofwater-deficit stress conditions during different stages of maturity, and 2) Determine impacts of alfalfa hay varying
in neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD) on productivity and energetics of lactating dairy cows. The first
production year results showed that the highest dry matter (DM) yield was observed in the conventional variety
followed by lower-lignin alfalfa harvested 7 days after early flowering grown under irrigation at Kansas State
University. In a Michigan State University feeding trial, treatment had no impact on milk yield or protein content,
but lower-lignin (LL) alfalfa hay linearly decreased milk fat concentration when it replaced a conventional variety(CON; Hibriforce 3400). The LL hay was a 50:50 blend of an engineered LL alfalfa, HarvXtra 54HVX42 and abreeding-derived LL variety, HiGest 460. Total-tract NDF digestibility was also linearly decreased by LL, withno impact on total-tract crude protein (CP) or starch digestibility. In a University of Nebraska feeding trial, nodifference was observed for milk fat yield and content or milk protein yield and content. No differences wereobserved on total-tract digestibility (%) of DM (averaging 67.2), NDF (averaging 51.0), or CP (averaging 67.2).
Feeding study results from both Michigan and Nebraska suggest that replacing conventionl alfalfa with lowerlignin alfalfa has no beneficial effects on milk production, milk composition, or nutrient digestibility.
Keywords: lower-lignin alfalfa, milk yield, dairy cow

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PP4-25

Effect of plant species diversity in pasture on ruminal andfecal bacterial community of grazing Japanese black cows
Y Gotoh1, H Kakihara1,2, T Shishido1, Y Fukuda1, S Takizawa3, Y Suyama1, A Matsuo1,
M Nakano4 and S Ogura1
1

Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki, Japan, 2Western Region
Agricultural Research Center, NARO, Oda, Japan, 3Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science,
NARO, Tsukuba, Japan, 4Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO, Fukuyama, Japanyuriko.gotoh.q8@dc.tohoku.ac.jp

In ruminants, microbial community in the gastrointestinal tract is critical to feed digestion, but little is known about
microbes in the rumen and feces with cattle having species-rich plants such as silvopasture. The objective of thisstudy is to examine effect of plant species diversity in pasture on ruminal and fecal bacterial community of grazingcows. Japanese Black cows were grazed in the mountainous area (MA, 3 ha of grassland + 17 ha of woodland) ora sown grass pasture (GP, 5 ha) from May to October and four cows were assigned to each treatment area. Forage
plant species and their intake were estimated in early summer (25th May to 29th Jun) and fall (28th August to
1st October). The solid and liquid fractions of rumen and feces were collected after each season. The bacterial
communities were analyzed using amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA V4 region. The diversities of plants andbacterias were assessed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'). H' of foraged plants was higher (p < 0.05)
in MA than in GP in both seasons. H' of bacterial community was higher in MA in both study seasons for rumen
solid fraction, and only in fall for liquid fraction (p < 0.05), but not in both study seaons in feces. These results
suggest that species-rich vegetation may have more diverse plants in the diet, which may increase the diversityof bacterial communities in rumen. This finding should provide new knowledge to understand livestock-plantmicrobe relationships in grazing.
Keywords: bacterial community, biodiversity, grazing cattle, rumen

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-27

Calculation of WCM damage through WMO and machinelearning model in abnormal climate and its mapping
JS Choi1, HW Jo1, MK Kim1, JY Kim1, MH Jo1, M Kim1, SA Lee2, KD Kim3, BW Kim1
and KI Sung1
1

Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea,
3
Gangwondo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea
js961112@kangwon.ac.kr

Objective: This study was conducted to estimate the damage of Whole Crop Maize (WCM) according to abnormal
climate. The dry matter yield (DMY) of WCM according to normal and abnormal climate was predicted with amachine learning applying World Meteorological Organization (WMO) standard. Materials and Methods: Thecollected WCM data was 3,232. The climate data was collected from the Korea Meteorological Administration's
meteorological data open portal. The machine learning model used Deep Crossing. The damage was calculatedusing climate data from the Automated Synoptic Observing System (95 sites) by machine learning. The calculationof damage was the difference between the DMYnormal and DMYabnormal. The normal climate was set as the 40year of climate data according to the year of WCM data (1978–2017). The level of abnormal climate was set asa multiple of the standard deviation applying the WMO standard. Results and Discussion: The damage of WCM
which was differed according to region and level of abnormal climate with abnormal temperature, precipitation,
and wind speed were ranged from –305 to 310, –54 to 89, and –610 to 813 kg/ha, respectively. The maximum
damage was 310 kg/ha when the abnormal temperature was +2 level (+1.42℃) in Jeju, 89 kg/ha hen the abnormal
precipitation was –2 level (–0.12 mm) in Yangpyeong, and 813 kg/ha when the abnormal wind speed was –2 level(–1.60 m/s) in Gunsan. Therefore, the damage caused abnormal climate was presented to be large in the order ofwind speed > temperature > precipitation.
Keywords: world meteorological organization, damage of whole crop maize, abnormal climate, machine learning				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l769

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP4-29Distinction of Shepherd's purse in grassland using
UAV's spectral sensor
SH Yang, HS Park, JS Jung, KC Choi and DW Cheon
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea
y64h@korea.kr

Shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) is known as one of the representative weeds in temperate regions andhas spread to feature early germination and rapid dominance. Recently, UAV-based remote sensing technologies
have been applied to diagnose vegetation status and change using vegetation index. Therefore, this research was
conducted to distinguish Shepherd's purse in grassland using UAV's spectral sensor. A grassland field (3.61 ha)located in the National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea was selected for this research. The fields
were planted to produce grasses, such as tall fescue, but did not follow a scheduled experimental design and thus
represented cases found within the local grassland. A hydrogen-fueled octocopter UAV (DS-30) equipped withMICASENSE RedEdge M multispectral camera was used for the image acquisition in May 2021. The Vegetation
indices (VI) used were: (a) Excess Green (ExG), (b) Green Leaf Index (GLI), (c) Normalized difference vegetation(NDVI), (d) Normalized Difference RedEdge Index (NDRE) and (e) Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index(OSAVI). To match spectral imagery to field scenery, regions of interest were selected by the level of RedEdge
single band corresponding to the weed belt line in the grassland. In the VI application to definitize the weed
location, OSAVI was more effective in confirming the weed location than any other VI. Shepherd's purse occupied
about 7.7% of the grassland, meaning that the weed was replaced with 293.6 kg/ha of grass productivity on a
dry matter basis. Thus, these results proposed that inaccessible grasslands can be managed using remote sensing
technology.
Keywords: grassland, shepherd's purse, UAV, remote sensing

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-31

Investigating water deficiency of forage maize using
CWSI camera
SH Yang, HS Park, MR Oh, JS Jung and KC Choi
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea
y64h@korea.kr

Crop productivity has been severely affected by extreme weather caused by global warming. To understand thephysiological response of crops to the external environment, indicators such as Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI)
have been studied globally. This study attempted to investigate the CWSI of forage maize using an image analyzer.
Comparative trials with forage maize (var. KwangPyeongOk) were conducted in 2 rain-sheltered greenhouses at
the National Institute of Animal Science, Korea, during the fourth week of May 2021. A non-stress reference wasconsidered as the control group, with 70 L tubing irrigation twice a week on the ground, while the treatment group
was irrigated with 70 L once a week. CWSI data was obtained by an onboard-processing sensor with a resolutionof 640 × 512 thermal pixels. Continuous meteorological data were measured from weather stations located at thesites. The daily soil moisture ratio of the treatment group to the control group ranged from 80.81 to 84.76% inAugust. Plant height in the control group was higher than in the treatment group. Furthermore, the grain volume incontrol plants (3,989.5 kg/ha) was higher than in treatment (2,550.8 kg/ha) plants, while there was no significant
variation observed in total biomass volume between control (12,707.2 kg/ha) and treatment plants (12,238.1 kg/ha). The control group had lower canopy CWSI than the treatment group. These results showed that limited
irrigation increased water stress, affecting maize grain yield. In addition, we suggested that monitoring the CWSI
in real time would be appropriate to determine irrigation timing.
Keywords: crop maize, CWSI, remote sensing, irrigation

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP4-33

Changes in quality by storage duration according to thetype of rye haylage
EA Lim, SH Lee, KW Lee, JH Kim, JH Woo and BR Choi
National Insititute of Animal Science, RDA, Korea
limeuna2@korea.kr

This study was conducted to investigate the quality change according to the wrapped (WH) or non-wrapped(NWH) haylage to reduce waste vinyl. This experiment used the 'Gokwoo' variety of rye. Rye was harvested after
the heading stage, and it was prepared a total of 12 haylage to be opened at 3, 6, and 9 months from the date ofensiling. After the storage duration, more than 100 g of samples were collected from inside and outside the silo.
After the sample dried at 65℃ for 3 days or more, the feed value and organic matter were analyzed. For statisticalanalysis, a one-way ANOVA analysis was performed using the SAS program (ver. 12.0, USA). As a result,according to the increased storage duration, NDF, ADF, and CP of WH increased, but there was no significantly
different except for NDF (p < 0.05). Also, there was no significantly different in the feed value of NWH except
for CP even if the storage duration was prolonged. The organic acid was significantly higher in the WH than in
the NWH (p < 0.05). However, its concentrations were lower in all haylages caused by no additive appplications.
The pH of the WH tended to lower, but the NWH showed a higher and was unstable. Therefore, it could conclude
that rye haylage needs to be wrapped for long-term storage over three months. In the case of short-term storage, it
should be further studied at the stage that the feed value and organic aicd of wrapped and non-wrapped rye haylage
have not changed.
Keywords: forage, rye, haylage772

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-35Multi-residue methods for the detection of various
pesticides, veterinary drugs, and mycotoxins infeed using liquid and gas chromatography coupled withmass spectrometry
TW Na, H Seo, HJ Kim, H Kim, SH Lee, H Cho and S HongExperiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service,
Gimcheon-si, Korea
naratw@korea.kr

Modified QuEChERS and QuPPe extraction method and mass spectrometry technology (LC and GC-MS/MS)
were used to analyze various pesticides, veterinary drugs, and mycotoxins in feed. In order to analyze the harmful
substances that may remain or occur in the feed, we performed optimization experiments for sample preparationand LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS conditions. Two extraction methods were developed with different polarities ofthe extraction solvent. To optimize the extraction method, various review processes were performed, such as the
moisture content of the sample, EDTA reagent, and extraction solvent. Also, we confirmed the matrix effect offeed ingredients and compound feeds, and added a dilution process after extraction to increase on-site efficiency.
Matrix-matched calibration was applied for precise quantification. The developed analysis method was tested forselectivity, linearity, LOQ, accuracy and precision. In addition, inter-lab experiments verified the accuracy, andprecision. The recovery rate experiment was repeated three times at three concentrations including LOQ in feed
ingredient, compound feed for livestock, and compound feed for pets. The developed analysis method was used tomonitor domestically distributed and imported feeds.
Keywords: feed, hazard substance, QuEChERS, QuPPe				

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PP4-37

Monitoring of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, arsenic, andchromium) in animal feed and feed materials
E Chang, SH Lee, D Kim, Y Seon, J Kim, YG Lee, JY Park and H Cho
Experiment & Reasearch Institute, NAQS, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si, Korea
silvermile@korea.kr

This study was carried out to research the heavy metal contents of domestic and imported animal feed and feedmaterials. The feed used in the analysis were distributed and produced in Korea in the first half of 2022. Heavy
metal contents in 217 samples were measured by using ICP-MS and ICP-OES. Previously, the feed was analyzed
by ICP-OES. Therefore it was difficult to analyze the results for trace values below the detection limit. ICP-MS(inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy) is a versatile and widely used tool for identifying the elements
present in samples of matter and for determining their concentrations. ICP-MS has the advantage that the detection
limit is three orders better than that of ICP-OES. Studies have shown that the concentration of heavy metals inmost feeds is below the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) Minimum Regulation Levels(MRLs). The measured values of these results will be used as the baisic data for future legislation on the regulationand control of heavy metal contents of animal feed and feed materials.
Keywords: cadmium, lead, arsenic, chromium

774

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP4-39Alleviation of aluminum toxicity by silicon in alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)
IK Yoon, MJ Kim, CH Min and BH Lee
Division of Applied Life Science (BK21) and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science (IALS),
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
ylg619@gnu.ac.kr

Aluminum (Al) stress induces cytotoxic and oxidative stress, that was changed the elasticity and viscosity of thecell wall which results inhibit the root cell elongation and cell division. We investigated how silicon (Si) could
alleviate Al stress in alfalfa. Alfalfa seedlings were exposed to control (pH 4.0), Al (50 µM, pH 4.0), Si (1 mM, pH
4.0) and Al+Si for 7 days. The growth of alfalfa seedlings grown in the Al treatment was decreased but recoveredin the Al+Si combined treatment. Al treatment increased Al content in the roots but decreased by Si treatment. In
addition, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in shoots, and phenolic compounds in shoots and roots were also
increased in the Al treatment but decreased in the Al+Si. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD)
activities were increased in the Al treatment but decreased in the Al+Si. By contrast, the activity of ascorbate
peroxidase (APX) was not changed, and catalase (CAT) was decreased in the Al treatment and recovered to thecontrol level in the Al+Si. These results indicate that Si-mediated alleviation from oxidative stress due to Al stressis not directly related to the detoxification mechanism by non-enzymatic antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes. To
investigate other possible Si functions, the interaction of Si with cell wall components will also be discussed.
Keywords: alfalfa, aluminum stress, oxidative stress, silicon				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP5-1

Effects of different illuminances on growth performanceand welfare of broilers
EC Hong, HJ Kim, JS Son, HK Kang, JJ Jeon, HS Kim, JH Kim and YS Yun
Poultry Research Institute, Pyeongchang, Korea
drhong@korea.kr

This study investigated the effects of different illuminances on performance and welfare (eye size and stress) ofbroilers. Three hundred and fifty-two males of seven-day-old Ross 308 broilers (164.8 ± 1.06 g) were divided into
4 treatments (4 replications per treatment, 22 birds per replication) and reared in poultry house (floor pen) for 4
weeks. Four treatments according to the illuminance are as followed; T1: 5 lx, T2: 20 lx, T3: 35 lx, and T4: 50 lx.
The investigation items were performance, eye size, and stress indicators (the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, HE/
LY ratio; cytokine and corticosterone contents). There was no significant difference on body weight, body weight
gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio among treatment groups. Eye weight, dorsoventral diameter (height),
mediolateral diameter (horizontal) and anteroposterior size (length) did not show significant differences according
to the illuminance. However, the corneal diameter was significantly smaller in the 5 lx treatment than in the othertreatments (p < 0.05). HE/LY ratio showed a significantly lower value as the illuminance increased (p < 0.05).
Corticosterone content in 5 lx treatment was significantly higher than that in the other treatments (p < 0.05). For
cytokine (Interleukin-6, IL-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, TNF-α), IL-6 content was significantly higher at 5 lx
treatment compared to other treatments, but TNF-α content did not show a significant difference among treatments.
In conclusion, it is not recommended to lower illuminance to less than 5 lx in consideration of broiler welfare.
Keywords: broiler, illuminance, performance, welfare776

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP5-3

The provision of the sling belt reduces salivary cortisol
levels and aggressive behaviour of the growing pigs
immediately after transportation and regrouping
JS Kim1, JH Lee1, JH Jo1, KW Kang2, HW Jo2 and J Yun1
1

Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, 2Swine ResearchCenter, Sunjin R&D Institute, Sunjin Co., Ltd., Korea
172250@jnu.ac.kr

The study evaluated whether the provision of the polyester sling belts as an enrichment material for growing pigs
immediately after transportation and grouping affects body weight, salivary cortisol and behaviour. In total, 319
growing pigs (initial BW: 29.5 ± 1.9 kg) were assigned to one of three treatments with increasing the numberof the sling belt: 0 (S0), 3 (S3), and 6 (S6). After 2h transportation, the pigs were housed on a totally concreteslatted floor and newly mixed with 50–55 pigs per pen. At day 0 and 6, body weight was measured. At day 1 and2, saliva samples from three pigs per pen were collected for cortisol analysis. The pens were observed using video
recordings for 24 h after mixing. At day 6, body weight did not differ between treatments (S0: 34.1 ± 1.8, S3: 33.1
± 2.7, S6: 34.0 ± 2.6, kg, respectively). The salivary cortisol levels of the pigs with S6 tended to be lowest at day
1 (p = 0.06) or were lowest at day 2 (p < 0.05) among the treatments. Negative social behavior (i.e., aggression
including biting and disturbing other mates) was more observed in the pen with S0, whilst exploration behaviour(i.e., investigating all features except the sling belt in pen) was also more observed in the pen with S0 than S3 andS6. Results indicate that providing the sling belt reduces the social stress and aggressive behaviour of newly mixed
growing pigs. These data thus suggest that the provision of the sling belt could benefit potential pig welfare after
mixing.
Keywords: pig welfare, enrichment material, mixing, social stress				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP5-5

Development of early detection and prediction systemthrough abnormal behavior of sick birds: a broiler model
WD Lee, HS Kim, JS Son, HJ Kim, JJ Jeon, AS Yu, EC Hong, BS Kang and HK Kang
Poultry Research Institute, Rural Development Administration National Institute of Animal Science,
Pyeongchang, Korea
woodo92@korea.kr

The purpose of this study was to lay the foundation for a system that can early detect sick chickens by observing
the decreased activity. Forty 1-day-old Ross 308 males were used, and an isolator equipped with an Internet
Protocol (IP) camera was prepared for observation. Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum A18-GCVP-014, thecausative agent of fowl typhoid (FT), was inoculated at 14 days of age, a period vulnerable to FT and observedfor 2 weeks. The number of times of no movement for more than 30 minutes for each individual was recorded
daily through the IP camera, and the severity was indicated according to number of detections. The FT infection
was confirmed by clinical symptoms, cardiac, spleen and liver lesion score analysis, pathogen reisolation, andserological analysis. As a result, clinical symptoms (5 chickens) and mortality (1 chicken) after inoculation first
appeared on the 4th and 6th days, respectively, and gradually recovered after the 11th day. For the total lesion
score, dead chickens scored 3.57 and live chickens scored 2.38. Pathogen was reisolated in 37 out of 40 heads,
and hemagglutination was positive in 7 out of 26 heads. As a result of observation by IP camera, about 83% ofdead chickens are early-detected chickens (not moving often). So detection of low-activity chickens is an earlyand highly accurate method of detecting sick chickens. This proposed technique is considered to be helpful for the
remote management system that can detect sick chickens early.
Keywords: poultry disease, abnormal behavior, monitoring, early detection778

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP5-7

The effect of the demand for oral behavior on
salt block intake of sheep
H Kume1, T Shishido1, H Kakihara1,2, M Fukasawa1, K Sato3 and S Ogura1
1

Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki, Japan, 2Western Region
Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Oda, Japan,
3
Nippon Zenyaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., Asaka, Japanhirohiko.kume.p7@dc.tohoku.ac.jp

We focused on the demand for oral behavior as a factor of salt block intake. It is well-known that the oral
stereotypies, such as abnormal licking, were increased when the demands for dietary oral behavior were notsatisfied. To investigate the effect of the demand for oral behavior on salt block intake, 8 sheep (Suffolk, 64.7 ± 1.5kg) were allocated to 4 groups (2 salt block treatments: offering (B) or no salt (N), 2 demand level: high (H) or low(L)). To operate the demand level, 1.2 kg DM/head/day of grass silage was cut to 2 cm and 20 cm and fed in H and
L, respectively. The consumption of salt block was measured every day and the behavior of sheep was recorded
for consecutive 3 days. After finishing all the measurements, blood samples were collected. Eating duration was
significantly shorter in H (204 ± 26 min/day) than in L (306 ± 37 min/day) as expected. There was no differencein salt block consumption, the daily behavior allocation, and serum cortisol concentration among the 4 groups.
However, there was a positive correlation between self-grooming and serum cortisol concentration in N (p < 0.05).
In addition, there was a negative tendency of correlation between abnormal licking and eating duration in N (p <0.1). These suggest that self-grooming and abnormal licking occur as redirected behavior of short eating duration.
Our results imply that salt licking has a role in reducing redirected behavior, which may satisfy the demand for oral
behavior.
Keywords: oral behavior, salt licking, eating duration, stress reduction				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP5-9

The effects of stocking density on the litter quality,foot pad dermatitis (FPD), hock burn, and feather conditionin broilers
Chan Ho Kim1, Se Jin Lim1, Ji Seon Son2, So Hee Jeong1, Geum Zoo Yoo1, Si Nae Chun1,
Ki Hyun Kim1, Ju Lan Chun1 and Hung Hwan Jeon1
1

Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanjugun 55365, Korea, 2Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal
Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25342 Korea
The effects of stocking density on the litter quality, foot pad dermatitis (FPD), hock burn, and Feather condition in
broilers were investigated. Rice hulls was used as litter. Low and high stock density implied 18.9 birds/m2 (Animal
welfare certified farms n = 27,000) and 20.3 birds/m2 (commercial farms n = 33,750), respectively. A commercialtype basal diet was formulated to meet or exceed nutrient recommendations for broilers from the NRC. The dietwas fed to broilers as libitum for 29 d. FPD, and feather cleanliness score were determined for 60 bird randomly
selected from poultry housed at 21 and 29 d, respectively, using a 3-point scale that ranges from 0 to 2, with scoreof 0 = no lesions, score of 1 = mild lesions, and score of 2 = severe lesions. Result indicated that litter moisture andNH3 concentrations were higher for (p < 0.05) 20.3 birds/m2 stock density than 18.9 m2. There was no differencein FPD according to stock density, but in hock burn and feather cleanliness were higher (p < 0.01) for 20.3 birds/
m2 stock density than 18.9 m2. It was confirmed that rearing at a high stocking density increased the moisture in thelitter, which had a negative effect on hock burn and feather cleanliness.
Keywords: animal welfare, footpad dermatitis, hock burn, litter moisture780

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP5-11

Effects of surgical castration and lidocaine and meloxicam
treatment on growth, blood parameters, behaviors, andleukocyte gene expression in Korean cattle bulls
IG Cho, SY Kim, JS Lee, KKTN Ranaweera, JW Jeong, JS Oh, SH Lee and M Baik
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
ksy3773@snu.ac.kr

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of surgical castration and lidocaine-plus-meloxicam (LM)treatment on growth, physiology, and behaviors in Korean cattle bulls. Twenty Korean cattle bulls (body weight248.8 ± 28.5 kg and age 9.4 ± 1.04 months) were assigned to three groups: no castration with no LM administration(SHAM; n = 6); surgical castration with 5 mL of 0.9% NaCl solution and lactose (1 mg/kg BW) (CAS); surgicalcastration with 5 mL of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride and meloxicam (1 mg/kg BW) (LM). Both lidocaine and NaCl
are injected in the scrotum instantly before castration, and both meloxicam and lactose are orally administered 3 h
before castration. Blood samples were collected at –1 d, 0.5 h, 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, 7 d and 14 d after castration. Leucocyte
gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Behaviors were observed for 4 h from 0.5 h to 4.5
h after castration. Castration tended to reduce average daily gain (p = 0.06) and feed efficiency (p = 0.07). Bloodcortisol and haptoglobin concentrations remained higher (p < 0.05) up to 3 d after surgical castration in CAS group,and remained lower (p < 0.05) in LM group. However, LM treatment did not alleviate (p > 0.05) the leukocyte
heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) mRNA level induced by surgical castration. HSP90, therefore, may be utilized as
an acute stress indicator in surgically castrated bulls. LM treatment also decreased (p < 0.05) the occurrences ofleg lifting, kicking, and stiff gait that were induced by surgical castration. In conclusion, LM administration could
partially mitigate the pain and inflammation induced by surgical castration.
Keywords: castration, lidocaine, meloxicam, hope expression				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

781

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP5-13

Response patterns of wild rodents to the odour of
re-introduced Asiatic black bear in South Korea
Tae-Wook Kim, Sang-Hyun Han, Jeong-Jin Yang, Doo-Ha Yang, Jong-Seob Park,
Seong-Geun Bae and Jeong-Tae Shin
Korea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Korea
ooks3596@knps.or.kr

This study examined the effects of reintroduction and wild activities of Asiatic black bears (ABB) on the ecosystem
by analysis of the behavioral patterns of wild-caught rodents, striped field mice to the fecal odour of ABB.
Behavioral patterns of mice were tested in controlled laboratory system by the ‘trap-in-feces’ approach-escapemethod. As experimental group (n = 24), wild-caught adult mice were captured more frequently in unscented
traps than scented traps with ABB feces (p < 0.05). On the other hand, a group of young mice born in laboratory(as control group, n = 20) were showed opposite results showing no significant difference between capture
rates (p > 0.05). As a results, avoidance behavior of small rodents to the odour of feces of other animals might
was estimated to be formed by wild experience rather than instinctive response. In this study, there is a limit insufficiently explaining the correlation with the odour of black bear due to the small number of individuals usedin the experiment and various environmental factors that can affect animal behavior. Our findings suggested that
ecological restoration of large carnivores i.e., increasing population size or introduction of new species, may beaffected behavioral patterns of small mammals. For ecological success of protection program and management
plan for endangered large carnivores such as black bear should be considered increasing its population size as wellas its effects on ecosystem.
Keywords: endangered species, Asiatic black bear, wild rodent, odour782

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP5-15

Footpad dermatitis for meat type chickens in eastern regionof Taiwan: on-slaughterhouse survey in Haulien County
HW Hung
Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan
hwhung@tlri.gov.tw

The issue of animal welfare had become more and more important. The healthiness of the feet of animals not only
affected the value of products, but also harmed the animal welfare. The incidence of footpad dermatitis (FPD) ofbroiler and other meat type chickens in western region of Taiwan were around 20% and 14%, respectively. The
FPD also lead to serious economic losses in western region of Taiwan. Compared to the intensive rearing style in
the western region of Taiwan, Hualien County showed more than 90% of poultry farms were free-range, so far
had fewer concerns about FPD. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the incidence of FPD and toevaluate the corresponding economic losses in Hualien. There were 19,734 records from chickens which rearedin Hualien County had been collected by the veterinarians who worked in the local poultry slaughterhouses from
October to December 2017. The results showed that the incidence of FPD in game hen, Gu-zao chicken and blackfeather native chicken were 2.65%, 3.94% and 4.20%, respectively. In conclusion, the FPD incidence of chickens
in Hualien County was mild. Moreover, since slaughterhouses would not request the extra fee for handling FPD
chickens in Hualien County, FPD would not cause any loss of profit for the local chicken farmer who sold or
supplied their chickens to the customers or the wholesalers in Hualien County. Undoubtedly, the FPD in HualienCounty is another story from in the western region of Taiwan.
Keywords: footpad dermatitis, animal welfare, poultry, meat type chickens

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP5-17

Effects of different natural and chemical ingredients as
repellent on the number of feeding approach andfeed intake of pigs
S Mahfuz1, HS Mun1,2, C Vaesna1, KMB Ampode1, MA Dilawar1,3, IB Chung1, YH Kim4
and CJ Yang1,31

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 3Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System(BK21 plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
shadmahfuz@yahoo.com

The damage of crops by the wild pigs is an economic issue for agriculture. Therefore, it is necessary to identify
the effective repellent for pigs. For the test, total 6 pigs (Avg. wt. 66.03 ± 3.99 kg) were housed in a pen containing
repellent and without repellent feeder. Total six (6) ingredients were used as repellent in this study. The repellent
ingredients were used to hang over the feeders. Among the tested natural and chemicals ingredients as repellent,
the average number of feeding approach in repellent feeder were lower (p < 0.05) in bitrex chemical (denatonium
benzoate) and thiophanate-methyl chemicals. No differences were noted on the number of feeding approach among
the natural repellent namely capsaicin, red chili, ground garlic and dead insects (Riptortus clavatus). Moreover,there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) on the number of feeding approach in non-repellent feeder. The
significant differences (p < 0.05) on feed intake was recorded in repellent feeder. The lowest value was recorded incase of thiophanate-methyl repellent feeder (p < 0.05). Lower (p < 0.05) feed intake was noted in bitrex repellent
feeder than the natural repellent ingredients (capsaicin and ground garlic and dead insects). However, no significant
differences were noted on feed intake of pigs in non-repellent feeders as expected. Considering, the lower numberof feeding approach and the lower feed intake in bitrex and thiophanate-methyl chemicals as repellent, we suggest
to do further research with bitrex and thiophanate-methyl chemicals as repellent for pigs.
Keywords: pigs, repellent, feed approaching number, feed intake

784

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP5-19Perceptions of citizens and farmers in livestock animals inSouth Korea
HJ Kang1,2 and HJ Lee2
1

Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 2Animal Welfare Awareness, Research and Education(Aware), Seoul, Korea
animalwelfare@snu.ac.kr

Discordance exists between citizens' and farmers' perceptions and expectations about animal welfare. The realizationof improvements towards farm animal welfare is strongly driven by citizen awareness and expectations, so it isnecessary to better understand this discordance. A survey was done in Korea, May 2021, including citizen (n =2,000) as well as farmer (n = 134), to obtain a detailed insight in the multi-dimensional concept of farm animal
welfare. T-tests was used to detect differences in perceptions between farmers and citizens using SPSS. Total 90%
of citizens and 64.9% of farmers responded that the farm animal welfare should be improved (p < 0.001). The
positive responses of the citizens and farmers on ten questions about the farm animal environment are as follows(p < 0.001): fresh water should be provided at all times (98.6% vs 100%); prevents and treats wounds or diseases(99.2% vs 100%); should not experience unnecessary pain or discomfort (97.7% vs 94.8%); needs enough space
to lie down (97.8% vs 99.3%); should be treated humanely during breeding and transportation (95.8% vs 89.6%);
adequate feed should be provided (99% vs 97.8%); avoid unnecessary fear and stress (97.5% vs 98.5%); bedding
should be provided (93.2% vs 35.1%); must be able to express normal behavior (96.1% vs 85.8%); must havespace to move freely (93.6% vs 73.9%). Total 90.2% of citizens and 49.3% of farms agreed that the shorter stall
breeding period of sow would have a positive effect on welfare (p < 0.001). These insights could help stakeholders
pay attention to the high-profile aspects in traditional livestock farms.
Keywords: animal welfare, citizen, farmer, perception				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

785

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP5-21

The relation between dog aggression and stress status byanalyzing hair cortisol
Geunwoo Park1,2, Mohammad Ataallahi1 and Kyu-Hyun Park1
1

College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, 24341 Chuncheon, Gangwon,
Korea, 2CO-ANI, Chuncheon Hi Tech Tower, 24232 Chuncheon, Gangwon, Korea
rmsdn92@kangwon.ac.kr

The cortisol as an indicator of stress can be affected by various factors including internal or external environmental
stressors, animals handling, feed composition, and housing management. Dog hair cortisol used as a less stressful
method can measure of chronic stress. The objective of this study was to assess the behavior problem of dogs suchas biting and aggression that is reflected by dog hair cortisol. Total samples of 278 dogs from 38 species dog suchas Toy poodle, Miniature poodle, Maltese, Bichon frise, Retriever etc, were analyzed. Cortisol was extracted using
methanol and analyzed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the Poodle andBichon frise have high cortisol levels 22.33 ± 7.50 pg/mg and 24.84 ± 10.63 pg/mg respectively. 47 dogs showed
the aggression and 79% of dogs’ stress level was higher than 70%, which means that they suffered chronic stress indaily life. Therefore, training for the energetic temper and aggressive dogs are needed to lower the cortisol level.
Keywords: dog hair cortisol, aggression, ELISA, behavior problem, chronic stress786

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-1

Environmental effects on animal production in Cameroon
Blendeu Sinchang Yuh
Student Public Health, Cameroon
blendeu.cm@gmail.com

Cameroon is impacted by climate change induced hazards, such as erratic rainfall, droughts, flood, low vegetation
coverage, decrease of animals and agricultural productivity, and reduced ecosystems services at contribute tokeeping rural communities, particularly, women and young people in poverty. Cameroon aims at increasing
local communities’ resilience to climate change through youth entrepreneurship and integrated natural resourcesmanagement. The intends is to achieve this objective by creating an enabling environment for climate change
adaptation at the institutional level, thus contributing to increasing the resilience of both the local ecosystems andnatural resources, and local communities so that sustainable development can take place in the long term in theseareas in a changing climate context. The area of intervention is vulnerable to increases in temperature, higher
occurrence of extreme climate events (droughts, floods, heavy winds, etc.), poor rainfall distribution and changes
in season patterns in recent years. The intervention sites are located in three regions: the Far North, the Northand the North West, in the surroundings of three national parks: the Waza National Park (Far North), the Bénoué
National Park (North) and the Kimbi-Fungom National Park, the biodiversity status of the area and the need forprotection; (iii) the economic and agro-ecological potential in terms of agro-sylvo-pastoral sectors, agroforestry
and the exploitation of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs); which support the socioeconomic integration ofyouths in the agro-sylvo-pastoral sector development.
Keywords: ecosystem , agro-sylvo- pastoral, climate change
Thank you for your submission. Please revise your abstract for English and typos.

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l787

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-3

Understanding the effect of reducing the pH of bio-slurry
during storage on CH4 emissions
M Fakhrurozi and WA Zahra
Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University(Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
muhammad220fakhrurozi@apps.ipb.ac.id

Manure from dairy farms emits greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Proper manure management is essential toreducing emissions. Anaerobic digestion is a well-known manure management system in Indonesia and bio-slurryis the by-product of this process. A considerable amount of methane (CH4) gas is released during the storage of
bio-slurry. The concentration of CH4 gas during storage can potentially be reduced by lowering the pH. Hence,
this study analyzed the effect of pH reduction on bio-slurry during storage. We set up an experiment at thelaboratory of waste management, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, from March-April 2022. The experiment was
set in a complete randomized design with two replications and a control (pH 7.5). We collected bio-slurry from asmallholder dairy farm in Bogor, Indonesia. Bio-slurry was placed in three manure containers (1 m × 1 m × 0.3 m),
in which each container consisted of 25 kg bio-slurry. Two containers (replication one and two) were added with 50
mL H2SO4 (92%) to reduce the pH by 6.5. We used a closed chamber box for five sequence days to collect CH4 gas.
During observation, the gas was collected at 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 minutes after the chamber box was deployedat 9.45 am. We used analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare treatment and control. The results showed that theconcentration of CH4 gas decreased by 59% and differed significantly between treatment and control (p < 0.1). To
conclude, reducing the pH of bio-slurry can be a mitigation strategy to decrease GHG emissions during storage.
Keywords: biogas, bio-slurry, manure management, methane emissions

788

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-5

A study on the concentration of organic dust by
manufacturing process in TMR plant
HJ Ko and KS Shin
Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea
khjong333@knou.ac.kr

Total mixed ration (TMR) is a combination of concentrated feed such as grains and forage such as rice straw, which
is very important for cattle farms in South Korea. Some studies on livestock facilities have been conducted to pig,
poultry, and cattle houses, but few studies have been conducted on TMR Plants that are expected to generate higher
concentrations of organic dust than other livestock facilities considering the characteristics and manufacturing
process. Therefore, in this study, organic dust concentration for each major process was measured for TMR plants
and used as basic data for evaluating the working environment inside TMR facilities. Two TMR plants weresurveyed in Jangsu-gun, Jeonbuk and Seogwipo-si, Jejudo. Concentration of dust in the air was measured using
laser photometer measuring meter in raw material storage tank, roughage cutting & mixing tank, mixing tank, andpacking & storage tank. As for the organic dust measurement items, TSP and PM10 were measured for 5 to 10
minutes. As a result of on-site measurement of the TMR Plant, the highest dust concentration was measured in theroughage cutting & mixture tank (TSP 7.85 ± 1.81, PM10 2.34 ± 1.45 mg/m3), and then mixing tank (TSP 4.53 ±1.910, PM10 1.31 ± 0.74 mg/m3), and raw material storage tank, and packaging & storage tank was investigated.

Keywords: organic dust, total mixed ration, TSP, PM10

This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy(MOTIE) and Korea
Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT) through the International Cooperative R&D program. (Project No.
P0011948)

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l789

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-7

Field survey of the characteristic of odor emitted fromlivestock waste treatment facility combined liquid fertilizer
and composting process
HJ Ko
Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea
khjong333@knou.ac.kr

This study was conducted to measure the concentration of odorous compounds, and odor intensity at unit process
in animal waste treatment facility combined liquid fertilizer and composting process by an instrumental analysis
and direct olfactory method. Ammonia, sulfur-containing compounds, and volatile fatty acid were analyzed at eachprocess units and boundary area in summer and winter, respectively. Higher concentration of odorants occurredin the summer than in the winter due to high ambient temperature. The maximum concentration of odorants was
detected in composting pile when mixed manure was being turned followed by input, separating liquid-solidzone, and curing process. Highest concentration of detected odorants compounds was ammonia ranging from 0.7
to 43.4 ppm. Among the sulfur-containing compounds measured, hydrogen sulfide was a maximum level of 5.2
ppm and most of them exceeded reported odor detection thresholds. Acetic acid was the largest proportion of VFA
generated, reaching a maximum of 68 to 91%. Malodor assessment by a human panel appeared a similar tendency
in instrumental analysis data. Odor quotient for predicting major odor-causing compounds was calculated by
dividing concentrations measured in process units by odor detection thresholds.
Keywords: ammonia, sulfur-containing compounds, VFA, odor quotientThis research was financially supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy(MOTIE) and Korea
Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT) through the International Cooperative R&D program. (Project No.
P0011948)

790

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-9

Applicability of machine learning models for predicting
body weight of pigs
JK Basak1, NE Kim2 and HT Kim 2
1

Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea, 2Department of BioSystems Engineering, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
jk.basak@gnu.ac.kr

Body weight of pigs is an important indicator of their biological functions and readiness for market. It is also a key
concern to understand for optimized management and feeding practices. Therefore, the study was conducted tomeasure the pig’s body weight (PBW) using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and multiple linear regression (MLR)
and to examine the sensitivity of input variables to identify the most influential factor that affects PBW. Eight input
variables i.e., feed intake (FI), height of pig (HP), age of pig (AG), length of pig (LP), girth length (GL), drinking
water intake (DW), room carbon dioxide concentration (CO2), and pig’s body temperature (PBT) were consideredin predicting PBW. Four different ANNs models including Feed Forward Back-propagation (FFBP), Layer
recurrent (LR), Elman (EL), and Cascade Forward Back-propagation (CFBP) with different learning algorithms,
transfer functions, hidden layers and neurons in each layer and multiple linear regression (MLR) have been
performed. The performance of each model was evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficientof determination (R2). Results showed that the FFBP model with Levenberg-Marquardt training function, Gradientdescent weight and bias learning function, tan-sigmoid transfer function, and two hidden layers with 16 neurons
performed well compared to the other ANNs and MLR models. It is also found that among all input variables, LP
is the most influential factor in measuring PBW. Therefore, in terms of developing a machine learning model topredict PBW, the study recommends the use of FFBP model with considering LP for achieving high performance.
Keywords: artificial neural networks, body weight, multiple linear regression, pig
The authors would like to thank the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food,
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (IPET) through Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Convergence Technologies
Program for Educating Creative Global Leader, funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs(MAFRA) (717001-7) and in part by Brain Pool program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(2021H1D3A2A02038875) for financial support to conduct the research.

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791

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-11Analysis of performance expectations and corresponding
implementation level effectivity of smart HACCP system infood manufacturing
Yeon Beom Seo1, Jung-Il Park1, Hyun-Ha Song1, Jae-Jin Cho1, Yeong-Soon Ahn1,
Young-Wook Son2, Je-Myung Lee2, Su-Jin Hwang2, Hyun-Su Kwon2, Seung-Hee Baek3,
and InSik Nam3
1

Korea Agency of HACCP Accreditation and Services, Korea, 2Ministry of Food and Drug Safety,
Korea, 3Hankyong National University, Korea

The Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) prepared smart HACCP (an automated records management
system for Critical Control Points) registration standards by revising the March 2020 notice and established asystem that includes preferential measures for proactively adopting companies. The purpose of this study wasto analyze the effectiveness of smart HACCP introduction by comparing the performance expectations andcorresponding progress based on implementation level through surveying the target food manufacturing/processing
and livestock products processing companies.
Results of the survey on performance expectations revealed that the higher level of implementation, the higher the
expectation for reduced management cost and labor intensity. Additionally, effectiveness greatly varied according
to the level of smart HACCP implementation. Consequently, higher implementation level generated better
improvement effects in production design process, work environment cleanliness, work efficiency, production
status awareness, management convenience, productivity, and loss rate reduction.
Research tasks for the prospective expansion (quantitative and qualitative) of smart HACCP emphasize the needto study the shift of food safety management paradigm aligning the digital transformation on smart HACCP.
Moreover, the survey population scope should be expanded, along with the proper organization of an overall smart
HACCP classification system and the enhanced scope of data-based performance comparison and verification for
smart HACCP operations.
Keywords: industry 4.0, smart factory, HACCP, smart HACCP, IoT, digital transformation

792

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-13The method for quantifying theodor reduction of bio-curtain
OH Hwang, JS Park, SE Woo, SY Seo, DW Han, MW Jung, JN Halder and SY Park
Animal Environment Division, Department of Animal Biotechnology and Environment, National
Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
hoh1027@korea.kr

Swine farms utilize permeable covers, such as bio-curtains, to prevent emissions of dust and odorous gases fromthe barn’s exhaust fan. The emitted air spreads from the fan in all directions. However, to quantitatively evaluate
the odor reduction effect, it is necessary to accurately measure the ventilation from a single outlet. Therefore,
this study investigated the method to monitor the ventilated air rate and odorants such as ammonia. The metallic
cover was built around the bio-curtain to trap the exhausted air. An exhaust fan vent frame without a propeller was
installed on the front side to release the air in one direction. The air velocity was measured by an Air Flow Meter(AFM) with a micro-manometer (TSI DPCalic 5815) and an anemometer with a propeller probe (APP; TESTO
417-2). Ammonia concentrations were determined in real-time by using a photoacoustic infrared multi-gas monitor(INNOVA 1412i). This study reveals, one: the measuring instrument. The APP had a higher difference between
repeated measures than AFM due to backflow by the external wind. Second: the metallic cover enclosure test used
AFM. The ventilation from the metallic cover’s vent was 3~5% lower on average than from the barn’s exhaust fan.
And third, the ventilation from the barn’s fan has impacted the changes in ammonia concentration. Consequently,
this confined system was able to evaluate the exact air ventilation and ammonia emission by using a completely
leak-proofed metallic cover around the bio-curtain.
Keywords: bio-curtain, ammonia, ventilation, metallic cover, air flow meter
(A)

(B)

Figure 1. (A) The metallic cover enclosure test, (B) The ammonia monitoring according to an increase in the ventilation fan operation rate				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-15Comparison of microbial agent effect forodor reduction of pig farms
DM Ha, JC Han, TH Park and DH Kim
Division of Animal Science, Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University,
Jinju, Korea
hamabang@gnu.ac.kr

This trial was conducted to verify the effect of microbial agents and spraying methods on the odor reduction ofcommercial pig farms of different operating sizes. Three spraying methods were compared: water daily, and waterand microbial agent mixture at 24-h and 72-h intervals. Experimental farms were divided into 1,000, 3,000 and 5,000
pigs per farm and gestation, farrowing, nursery and grower-finisher according to the farm size and rearing stage. To
compare odor concentration inside each pig facility, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide were measured. The average
concentrations of ammonia (p < 0.01) and hydrogen sulfide (p < 0.05) gas were the lowest in the 24-h interval
spray in all farms. The effect of odor reduction by farm size based on ammonia concentration was 19.9 ± 5.4 ppm,
11.1 ± 3.5 ppm, and 8.8 ± 2.5 ppm for 5,000-, 3,000-, and 1,000-head enterprises, respectively. Decreasing amountof ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas by rearing stage was observed in the respective order: nursery (17.0 ± 4.0
ppm, 1.0 ± 0.3 ppm), grower-finisher (15.3 ± 3.5 ppm, 0.9 ± 0.2 ppm), farrowing (11.0 ± 4.9 ppm, 0.7 ± 0.4 ppm),
and gestation (9.7 ± 1.9 ppm, 0.2 ± 0.2 ppm). It was found that the daily spraying of microbial agent mixture was
the most effective method in reducing odor of commercial pig farms.
Key words: odor, pig farm, microbial agent, spraying method794

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-17

Effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics onammonia emission and fly presence in broiler chickens
JB Lacuesta, E Angeles, JM Raquipo, B Moog, FC Reyes and C Timoging
Philchema, Inc., Quezon City, Philippines
bennett.lacuesta@philchema.com.ph

A study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics on ammonia emission andfly presence on broiler production. A total of 44,547-day-old Cobb broilers were assigned to two dietary treatments
following a randomized complete block design, with location as blocking factor for ammonia emission and pen
for fly presence. Broilers were fed basal diets with either 0 or 500 g/ton synbiotics. Ammonia emission wasmeasured at floor level using ammonia strips at day 14, 21 and 28. Fly spot cards were installed and were manuallycounted to determine fly presence on day 14 to 21 and 21 to 30. Gathered data were analyzed using MIXEDprocedure of Statistical Analysis Software. The α-level used to determine significance between means was p < 0.05.
Supplementation of synbiotics reduced ammonia levels at day 14 (6.50 vs 9.25 ppm; p =0.0238), day 21 (4.75 vs 7.25
ppm; p =0.0147) and day 28 (4.00 vs 8.25 ppm; p =0.0002). In addition, broilers fed diets with synbiotics decreased
fly presence from day 14-21 (399.00 vs 801.75 spots; p < 0.0001) and day 21-30 (802.88 vs 2,654.40 spots; p <0.0001). Results showed the potential of supplementing synbiotics in reducing ammonia levels and decreasing fly
presence on broiler production.
Keywords: ammonia emission, broilers, fly presence				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-19The effects of different storage systems on the CH4
emissions of vermicompost
MF Ramadhani, WA Zahra, I Komala, A Yani and L Cyrilla
Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University(Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
mufahra2526fahmiar@apps.ipb.ac.id

Methane (CH₄) is a greenhouse gas with a global warming potential index 30 times higher than carbon dioxide(CO 2). Manure from dairy farms is often discharged and pollutes the environment. Vermicomposting is adecomposition process of manure by the earthworms and is an option to avoid the discharged manure from dairy
farms. Vermicompost is the final product of this process, and it can be used as organic fertilizer. Different storing
systems of vermicompost can potentially affect CH4 gas. Hence, the research aimed to compare CH₄ gas fromvermicompost with different storage systems. Vermicompost was collected from a smallholder dairy farm in
Bogor, Indonesia. We used two treatments and two replications in this experiment. In each open heaped (HV), weplaced 25 kg vermicompost. Moreover, 7.5 kg vermicompost was placed in each closed cylinder storage (CS). We
collected the gas samples at HV using a closed chamber, whereas the gas samples were directly collected usinga syringe from the CS. The gas collection was performed on five consecutive days. On each observation day, thegas was collected at 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 minutes after the chamber was deployed at 10 am. We did a T-test tocompare the CH₄ gas between HV and CS. The results showed that the storage systems differed significantly (p <0.05), in which the CH4 gas was 141 times higher in CS than HV. To conclude, storing vermicompost at HV can bea potential solution to minimize CH4 during storage.
Keywords: emission, methane, storage, vermicompost

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-21

The characteristics of reducing odor substances using
microorganisms and air purification devices
in an open pig farm
YJ No, YS Choi, MJ Ku and JY Jeong
Livestock Research Institute, Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services,
Gangin-gun, 59213, Korea
nyj3545@korea.kr

In the case of an open pig farm, odors are generated in all exposed places, but effective reduction methods arelimited. Farmers are feel the burdened with the cost of installing and renovating odor reduction facilities, so it
is necessary to develop odor control technology that suits the characteristics of an open pig farm. Three types of
microorganisms(Bacillus thuringiensis, Pseudomonas caeni, Thodobacter sphaeroides ) were developed by theLivestock Research Institute to reduce odor of livestock manure were sprayed inside and outside the an open pig
farm using fog spray facilities. And the amount of odor substances emitted after using the air purification devices
were observed. Among the odor substances designated by the Ministry of Environment, NH3, C3H9N, H2S, CH4S,
CH3SCH3, and fine dust and complex odors were measured. Farm A confirmed that NH3 30%, H2S 14%, complex
odor 49%, and the concentration of fine dust were emitted 68% lower than before technology was introduced.
Farm B confirmed that NH3 83%, H2S 59%, complex odor 65%, and the concentration of fine dust were emitted
75% lower than before technology was introduced. In case of microorganisms and air purification devices arecontinuously used in an open pig farm, it is judged to have a positive effect on the reduction of odor substances andfine dust emitted.
Keywords: pig farm, microoranisms, air purification, reduce odor

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-23

Effects of hydrothermal pre-treatment on methane potentialof anaerobic digestion sludge cake ofcattle feedlot manure and pig slurry
JH Lee1,2 and YM Yoon1,2
1

Biogas Research Center, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea
Department of Environment Plant Life & Environmental, Hankyong National University,
Anseong 17579, Korea

2yyman@hknu.ac.kr

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the hydrothermal pretreatment of anaerobic digestion
sludge cake on the solubilization of organic matter and improvement of methane potential in order to improve theanaerobic digestion efficiency of cattle feedlot manure generated in Korean cattle sawdust pens. The anaerobic
digestion sludge cake was collected at the pilot-scale continuous type anaerobic digester of cattle feedlot manureand pig slurry. The anaerobic digestion sludge cake was treated at 160, 180, 200, and 220°C for 1 hour using theclosed hydrothermal pressure reactor. During the hydrothermal pretreatment, the COD solubilization degree (CODs)
of hydrothermal hydrolysate was determined based on the SCOD of the anaerobic digestion sludge cake and theultimate methane potential (Bu) of the hydrothermal hydrolysate. The CODs of hydrothermal hydrolysate showed
the highest value of 70.07% at the hydrothermal reaction temperature of 200°C, significantly. The ultimate methane
potential (Bu-P) which was optimized by the parallel first-order kinetic model was 0.052 Nm3-CH4/kg-VSadded at
the anaerobic digestion sludge cake, and the Bu-P of hydrothermal hydrolysates increased to 165.4 (0.086), 198.1(0.103), 238.5 (0.124), and 225.0% (0.117 Nm3-CH4/kg-VSadded) at the hydrothermal reaction temperature of 160,
180, 200, and 220°C, respectively. Therefore, the optimum hydrothermal reaction temperature was 200°C with the
maximum CODs and Bu
Keywords: biochemical methane potential, hydrothermal pretreatment, organic matter solubilization, cattle feedlot
manureThis study was supported by the MAFRA and IPET’s support for industrialization technology development to
respond to current livestock issues (Project No. 321091-3)

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-25

Ammonia emission characteristics of sows in mechanicallyventilated pig house during the fall
SY Park, JS Park, SE Woo, OH Hwang, JN Halder and MW Jung
National Institute of Animal Science, Jeonju, Korea
soyean97@korea.kr

Ammonia is a toxic gas, which acts as an irritant to the eyes and respiratory tract. Also, ammonia can be a precursor
to generating secondary aerosol particles by reacting with sulfur oxide, and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere.
In addition, ammonia may contribute to soil acidification and eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. Among the316,299 tons of ammonia emission in Korea (2019), the emission from the 'manure management' category in the'agricultural' sector is about 70%. Therefore, it is essential to manage ammonia emissions in the pig industry. The
purpose of this research is to improve the domestic ammonia emission inventory, so the ammonia concentration of
sow facilities in the fall was monitored every 1hour. Then diurnal change pattern was analyzed, and the ammonia
emission factor was calculated. This study was conducted in a mechanically-ventilated pig house with slatted floors
during the fall. For repeated experiments, three pig rooms with the same environmental conditions were selected.
As a result, the average ammonia concentration and ventilation rate in each pig room were measured in the rangeof 11.09 ~ 13.30 ppm, 50 ~ 66 m3/h/pig. The ammonia emission factor of each room was 8.2 ± 1.3, 12.7 ± 2.7, and12.8 ± 2.2 g/day/pig, respectively. Finally, in this study, the ammonia emission factor in the sow house during thefall was calculated as 11.2 g/day/pig.
Keywords: ammonia, sow, pig house, ammonia emission

Figure 1. Monitoring results of NH3 concentration, ventilation, temperature, and relative humidity of pig room.

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PP6-27

Identification of key factors for indoor air
quality inside broiler house
KY Yang, KS Kwon, JB Kim, TH Ha and DH Jang
Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju-Gun, Korea
y2k1983@korea.kr

Particulate matter(PM) and ammonia within a broiler house deteriorate indoor air quality(IAQ) and cause heath
problemes in both workers and broilers. To suggest a proper IAQ strategy, observation of the concentration ofpollutants and their relationship according to a complicated combination of variables should be carried out. In thisstudy, we observed the level of PM and ammonia and environmental variables in a mechanically ventilated broiler
house to introduce the key factors affecting the generation of pollutants inside the broiler house. The observations
were conducted during the periods of 9 flocks. Relatively high levels of pollutants was observed when the workers
entered the facility; this was due to the increase in broiler activity, especially in the change of the seasons andwinter seasons when a minimum ventilation rate was generally adopted. From the multilinear-regression analyses,
the age of broilers, ventilation and water-content level of bedding materials were the main factors for the generationof TSP(R2a= 0.74) and PM10(0.81), respectively. For PM2.5, ventilation and water content level were influencing
factors. Age of broilers and water content level was found as main factors for an inhalable dust(R2a = 0.60), theonly ventilation for a respirable dust(0.82) and the age of broilers and ventilation rate for the ammonia(R2a = 0.74),
respectively. Considering the field-applicability of the induced factors, controlling the ventilation rate was aneffective and practical way to increase the IAQ inside the broiler house; increasing the ventilation rate can cause
negative results for managing the thermal environment, especially in the winter seasons, therefore, innovative
development of ventilation system should be needed.
Keywords: broiler house, particulate matter, ammonia, indoor air quality
This work was carried out with the support of “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science &Technology Development (Project No. PJ014248032021)” Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.
This research was supported by the “RDA Research Associate Fellowship Program” of the National Institute ofAnimal Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-29Possibility evaluation of distinguishing moisture content ofpoultry litter using thermal imaging camera
JB Kim, DH Jang, KY Yang, SY Chung and KS Kwon
National Institute of Animal Science, Jeonbuk, Wanjugun, Korea
jbkimj@korea.kr

In poultry farm, the litter management is one of the important works affecting productivity. It is required for moreconvenient and effitient litter management that a technology monitors moisture content of litter and supplies
new litter only on high moisture content area. However, there is lack of researches on the method to monitor the
moisture content of poultry litter. In this study, therefore, we evaluated the possibility of distinguishing moisture
content of poultry litter using thermal imaging camera. Rice hulls were used as poultry litter and the rice hull
surface temperature was measured with the thermal imaging camera. Four trays were prepared with 10cm rice hulls
and water content of 0%, 5%, 10% and 50% respectively. As indoor temperature changes from 22.2℃~27.8℃, thesurface temperature of rice hulls was measured for every 1℃. The mean and standard deviation of the temperature
for water content of 0%, 5%, 10% and 50% were 21.4℃ ± 3.1, 18.5℃ ± 2.5, 18.2℃ ± 2.4, 18.3℃ ± 2.2. The
results show that the difference of surface temperature was clear between dry and wet rice hull trays, but thedifference was not clear among wet rice hulls trays. In addition, the range of change in surface temperature tended
to be smaller as the water content increased, but the difference was also not clear among wet rice hull trays. In
poultry farm, in conclusion, it might be difficult to accurately distinguish in water content of poultry litter using
thermal imaging camera, but it might possible to distinguish between dry and wet area.
Keywords: poultry litter, water content, thermal image, surface temperatureThis work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture andForestry(IPET) and Korea Smart Farm R&D Foundation(KoSFarm) through Smart Farm Innovation Technology
Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Foodand Rural Affairs(MAFRA), Ministry of Scienceand ICT(MSIT), and Rural Development Administration(RDA) (grant number: 421024-04)

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PP6-31

Classification of the presence of fattening pig’s
vocalization using deep learning
SY Chung, KY Yang, KS Kwon, DH Jang and JB Kim
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Develpoment Administration, Jeonbuk, Wanjugun, Korea
gksclencltpcl@gmail.com

A pig's vocalization such as a cough and scream is one of the important indicators to check a pig's health. In an
farm, however, it is impossible for workers to continuously monitor pig’s vocalizations for 24 hours. In order tosolve the problems, some studies have been conducted on pig's cough sound monitoring and classification using
deep learning. More data lead better performance of a deep learning model, but Collecting pig's vocalization datatakes a lot of time and manpower.In this paper, therefore, we propose a CNN deep learning model to classify
the presence of pig's vocalization in a sound file and a proper sound file length for better performance. For theexperiment, the sound files recorded in a pig house were splitted in two types of interval, 1 second and 3 second. 1
second interval dataset consists of 1,401 vocalization data and 1,108 unvocalization data. 3 second interval dataset
consists of 1,377 vocalization data and 1,883 unvocalization data. The proposed CNN model proposed consists ofthree convolution layers. The sound dataset was converted into spectrograms for training and testing the poposed
CNN model. 5-fold cross-validation was used for the performance evaluation. The accuracy of the proposed CNN
model was 86.4% with 3 second interval dataset, and 97.0% with 1 second interval dataset. The experiment results
showed that the proposed method would be helpful to collect pig's vocalization data and 1 second interval dataset
gives better performance.
Keywords: deep learning, pig vocalization, smart farmThis work was carried out with the support of “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science &Technology Development (Project No. PJ01681003) and RDA Research Associate Fellowship Program “Rural
Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-33

Evaluation of working environments for police dogs in Korea
EC Lee and SG Hwang
Korean Police Human Resources Development Institute, Asan, Korea
cpu23@police.go.kr

This survey was conducted to investigate the working environment and healthcare program for police dogs
operated in fifteen Special Weapons And Tactics (SWAT) teams and one police squad team in Korea. There werea total of 144 police dogs with an average age of 4.4-years-old. The survey showed that the dominant breeds as
the police dogs were German shepherd and Belgian Malinois. More than 90% of the police dogs were fed thespecial foods designed for working dogs. Training police dogs lasted an average of 220 minutes per day including
walking. Police dogs were housed in the facility kennels with a width of 2.1m and a length of 4.4m. More than
90% of surveyed canine operating police departments were equipped with the heating and cooling facilities fordog kennels. In addition, 50% of the departments had the floor heating systems for the kennels. Disinfection was
conducted twice a month for spring, autumn and winter while thrice a month for summer. Health monitoring fordogs was performed at least once a year. Most commonly afflicted disease in police dogs was hip arthritis, which isoften caused by the genetic characteristics of the dog breed with high-intensity work. Police dogs had a retirement
ceremony at the age of 8-years-old and adopted by handlers or general police officers. It is believed that this survey
could be used to improve the working environment and health management for Korean police dogs.
Key words : police dog, special purpose canine, environment, management

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-35Comparison of Tier 1 method of IPCC guidelines tocalculate GHG from livestock sector
Nugrahaeningtyas Eska, Eun-Sook Ji, Jong-Sik Lee and Kyu-Hyun Park
College of Animal Life Science, Department of Animal Industry Convergence, Kangwon National
University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
eskanugrahaeningtyas@kangwon.ac.kr

National inventory of GHG emissions has been proposed as the measure to monitor the trend of national emissions.
In order to provide better calculation for the inventory, the guideline by IPCC has been updated since its first 1996
guideline (1996 GL) and the most recent one is 2019 Refinement for 2006 GL (2019 Refinement). The objective of
this study is comparing the changes of IPCC GL of 1996, 2006, and 2019, and its affect on the changes in national
inventory. The default values and calculation method were derived from each guideline. Korea’s region, climatecharacteristic, and population were used to demonstrate the calculation. The result showed that the emission
calculated using 2006 GL and 2019 were slightly similar due to unavailable default manure treatment system
for some livestock category in 2019 Refinement. The main difference among the guidelines was the changesof default values. The calculation for CH4 emissions from manure management in 2019 Refinement uses new
approach where region and climate characteristic is more considered as the key factors affecting the emissions.
Therefore, the improvement in 2019 Refinement might illustrate the closest actual emission in a country comparedto the other guidelines. Furthermore, the use of country’s manure treatment system data is recommended due tounavailable defaults value for some livestock category. In addition, enteric fermentation contributes around 66% of
total emission. Even so, mitigation to reduce the emissions from manure management is likely to be feasible due tobetter technology in manure management facilities.
Keywords: IPCC guideline, 2019 refinement, GHG inventory, livestock804

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-37

Quality control of analyzer for measurement of
atmospheric ammonia
DJ Yu, MW Jung and JS Park
Animal Environment Division, Department of Animal Biotechnology and Environment, National
Institute of Animal, Jeonbuk, Wanjugun, Korea
karmon2@korea.kr

Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) is an odorous substance emitted from agricultural (fertilizer use, soil, livestock
manure, etc.) activities, industrial operations, and vehicles. Atmospheric NH3 reacts with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) andnitric acid (HNO3) to generate secondary particulate matter (Ammonium sulfate ((SO4)2NH4) or Ammonium nitrate(NO3NH4)). Numerous investigations on measuring atmospheric NH3 have been undertaken recently, but researchmethodologies on verification and quality control of NH3 measuring instruments are inadequate. Atmospheric
NH3 is difficult to measure and to manage the accuracy of NH3 because it has characteristics that adhere well tothe sample tube when measuring.. Therefore, the reproducibility and accuracy of the NH3 analyzer (INNOVA
1512i, Denmark), the 'Photoacoustic Spectroscopy', was investigated. For reproducibility and accuracy of the NH3
analyzer, measurement was performed using ultra-high purity N2 gas and NH3 standard gas (50 ppm). In addition,a mass flow controller (MFC) was utilized to control the exact air flow rate. The average was 0.03 ppm during thezero test (only N2 gas has used). In addition, for evaluation of the reproducibility of the analyzer, measurement
was performed by using only NH3 standard gas. From the time when the number of measurements was morethan three times, it reached more than 90% of the target NH3 concentration (Figure 1a). And then, seven different
standard NH3 concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 25, 30, and 50 ppm) were measured, and each standard concentration
has replicated ten times (Figure 1b). Finally, comparing the standard ammonia values and the measured ammonia
values according to each concentration's R2 was 0.9999.
Keywords: ammonia, calibration, gas analyzer, photoacoustic spectroscopy

Figure 1. (a) The reproducibility of NH3 analyzer and (b) calibration of the NH3 analyzer using adiluted standard gas mixture of NH3 and N2.

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-39Analysis of cortisol hormone residue in commercial milk toestimate the stress level of lactating cattle
M Ataallahi, GW Park, E Nugrahaeningtyas, M Dehghani and KH Park
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Korea
ataallahim@kangwon.ac.kr

The global warming trend has negative impacts on livestock health. Cortisol hormone is known as a biomarker ofstress in lactating cattle during heat stress. There is a positive correlation between stress level and blood cortisol
concentration, however, blood collection is an invasive procedure with additional effects on cortisol concentration.
Thus, it is essential to find less stressful procedures to measure cortisol secretion. It has been confirmed thatcortisol transfers to milk and resists the high temperature during milk processing. Then, analysis of cortisol
residue in commercial milk may be a relevant factor to estimate the degree of stress in lactating cattle. This study
was conducted to evaluate the relationship between commercial milk cortisol concentration (MCC) and milk
production date. A total of 11 commercial pasteurized and sterilized milk brands were purchased in Chuncheon,
Korea with production dates in July and August in 2021. Cortisol was extracted using diethyl ether and measured
by commercial immunoassay (ELISA) kits. The average of MCC in 11 commercial brands was 0.95 ± 0.12 and0.61 ± 0.07 ng/mL in July and August, respectively. Based on the results, a higher (p < 0.05) MCC was observed inJuly in comparison to August. In conclusion, monitoring of MCC in commercial milk may be a useful parameter toestimate the stress level of lactating cattle in the farm.
Keywords: commercial milk, cortisol, ELISA, stress806

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-41

Research on clustering farming risks tolerance condition of
Taiwan poultry industry farmers
IH Chang and HY Kuo
Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Tainan, Taiwan
ihchang2021@gmail.com

The study discussed the farming risk tolerance condition of poultry farmers in Taiwan by classifying respondents
with cluster analysis on risk tolerance scores of basic information, including occupation, breadwinner, second
generation of farmer, agricultural academic background, education, age, sources of funds, working capital,
emergency money, land area, years of farming, agricultural experiences, and reasons for engaging in agriculture.
Each option of characteristics was given a related risk tolerance score between 1 to 5, higher score indicated thehigher risk tolerance level. 62 of 107 respondents was classifying by k-means clustering into active and steadygroups of 33 and 29 respondents, respectively. The analysis of variance results showed that the characteristics
of respondent poultry farmers in breadwinner and education (p < 0.05), age, sources of funds, working capital,
emergency money, land area, years of farming, agricultural experiences, and reasons for engaging in agriculture(p < 0.01) were significant different between two groups. However, the self-assessment risk tolerance scores of
10-point scale was no significant different between active and steady group (6.61 ± 1.89, 6.41 ± 1.93), indicatedthat the investment conditions of poultry farmers might not match their self-assessment. Taken together, the levelof risk derived from the investment risk conditions of some poultry farmers might differ from their own risk
perceptions. The future agricultural counseling should strengthen the risk assessment perceptions, to help Taiwan
poultry farmers understand the level of farming risk they could take and make suitable investment strategies under
their own conditions.
Keywords: poultry industry, farming risks tolerance, cluster analysis

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-43

Effect of reduced dietary crude protein on odor andgaseous emissions from swine manure:
proof-of the-concept
J Wi1, 2, J Shin2, D Kim2, H Roh2, 3, S Lee2 and H Ahn2
1

National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2Chungnam National University, Daejeon,
Korea, 3Livestock Emvironmental Management Institute, Sejong, Korea
jisoowi@korea.kr

Reducing dietary protein in feed is considered as high potential technology to alleviate odorous gas emissions by
reducing nutrients excretion, especially for nitrogen. This study was conducted to evaluate ammonia, hydrogensulfide and odor emissions from finishing swine manure according to dietary crude protein contents (16.5% forcontrol and 14.5% for treatment) in feed. Two groups of pig were fed with different levels of crude protein forabout 60 days of fattening. The fresh manure with wasted feed and water from each group taken and moved to lab
every two weeks. We used lab-scale reactors simulating slurry pit of swine confinement building, with periodic
addition of swine manure in 60 days of experiment. The odorous gas was sampled from headspace of reactors
before and after of adding manure. In results, the 2%-point reduced dietary crude protein in feed alleviatedNH3 concentration emitted from manure surface 35% in average. Also estimated reduction rate of cumulative
NH3 emission in whole experiment period was 31.5%. The total N, ammonium-N and total Kjeldahl N contents
in manure of treatment were numerically lower than control, not statiscally differed. The lower H2S and odor
concentrations were observed in treatment occasionally, however, there was no difference in average values foroverall period. Eventually, the effect of reduced dietary crude protein in feed on gaseous emissions from swine
manure was greater in NH3 rather than H2S and odor.
Keywords: swine manure, dietary crude protein, gaseous emissions

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-45

A study on the dissolution of the fixed sludge formed in theliquid livestock manure storage tank using acopper sulfate oxidant
SU Yoon, HY Yang, GR Kim, SY Lee and BO Kim
Livestock Environmental Management Institute, Sejong, Korea
suyoon@lemi.or.kr

Domestic liquid manure storage tank is effectively used to treat livestock manure from farms and facilities.
However, some liquid manure storage tanks are used only to store manure without being able to produce liquidmanure, which is the original purpose, due to negligence in management and inexperience in operation. In thelower part of the liquid fertilizer storage tank unmanaged, the sludge deposits are concentrated and hardened, andsolidification. Settling sludge not only inhibits the optimal use of the capacity of the liquid manure storage tank,
but also causes odor and inhibits manure circulation. This study is utilized a method used in the market to remove
the fixed sludge, which is a problem at the liquid manure storage tank, and injecting a oxidant and dissolving the
fixed sludge through auxiliary aeration was applied. Liquid manure was collected at the start and end points ofoxidant injection and aeration, and then components (moisture, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, microbial
species analysis, etc.) and odor were measured.
After 55 days of treatment, the concentrations of carbon (171%), nitrogen (185%), phosphorus (200%), and sulfur(439%), including SS (297%) increased, and the anaerobic microorganisms (19.7%p) also increased. Those resultsthat the components in the fixed sludge were dissolved and released. The operations with oxidant injection andaeration are expected to secure economic feasibility and safety compared to operations using heavy equipment.
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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-47

Effect of a combination of renewable energy systems on
the electricity consumption, housing environment andgrowth performance in weaning pigs
HS Mun1,2, MA Dilawar1,3, IB Chung1, YH Kim4, S Mahfuz1, V Chem1, KMB Ampode1 and CJ Yang1,31

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 3Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21
Plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
mhs88828@nate.com

The effects of a combination of renewable energy sources were examined in the weaning pigs on the growth
performance, energy consumption and cost, CO2 emission, concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide,
formaldehyde, particulate matter, and total volatile organic compounds. A total of 40 pigs with an average weightof 13 kg ± 0.5 kg were randomly allocated into one of four energy systems for 4 weeks. The energy systems were 1)
control (conventional system), 2) a combination of geothermal and solar photovoltaics, 3) a combination of air heatpump and solar thermal, and 4) air heat pump. The electricity cost and consumption were significantly reduced(p < 0.05) in the pig barns connected to the renewable energy systems as compared to the control. Similarly,
carbon dioxide (CO2) emission was significantly decreased in the pig houses having renewable energy systems.
Additionally, renewable energy systems efficiently maintained the inside internal temperature of the pig barn within
the thermoneutral zone of the weaning pigs. The concentration of the particulate matter (PM2.5) was also reducedin the pig barns installed with renewable energy systems. However, there was no significant difference was foundin the concentrations of formaldehyde and total volatile organic compounds. Furthermore, the energy systems haveno negative effects on the growth performance of the pigs. It can be concluded from the results that renewableenergy systems can be effectively installed in the pig house for energy saving and sustainable pig production.
Keywords: pigs, renewable energy, electricity consumption, growth performance810

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-49Analysis of pig farm energy economics through solar
power generation
HS Mun1,2, MA Dilawar1,3, YH Kim4, SR Lee5 and CJ Yang1,31

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 2Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea, 3Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National
University, Suncheon 57922, Korea, 4Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21
Plus), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea, 5WP Co.,Ltd. Suncheon 58023, Korea
mhs88828@nate.com

The use of renewable energy is gaining importance among pig farmers and the highest percentage of renewableenergy use is in the enclosed pig farming sector as compared to other livestock sectors. While the number ofdomestic pig farms in Korea decreased by 5% from 6,387 farms in 2017 to 6,078 farms in 2020, the number ofpigs increased by 74 thousand heads (0.7%), increasing the breeding density per farm. The heating and coolingcosts associated with pig production are expensive. Therefore, to reduce heating and cooling costs, it is the need oftime to reduce electricity consumption by using renewable energy systems. A solar power system can be used asa way to generate energy in a pig house. The electricity produced by using the solar power system can be directly
used or the sales revenue can be included in the production cost. In this study, electricity generation using the solar
power system was studied as a way to decrease the production cost by including the sales profit in the production
cost. The solar power revenue forecasting was carried out using weather information. Livestock production cost
was calculated using statistical data to calculate livestock production cost by breeding scale. Using the predictedsolar power revenue and livestock production cost, the ratio of reduction in the cost of electricity and energy
was calculated. The production cost was reduced by 1 to 5%, and it is expected that it will improve the profits offarmers through energy savings.
Keywords: pig farm, renewable energy, solar power generation, economics

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PP6-51

Effect of biochar addition on the mitigation of odor
emissions from the bedded pack dairy barn
JH Shin, YJ Lee, DH Kim, SH Lee and HK Ahn
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
jinho519@gmail.com

Most (more than 95%) domestic dairy farms raise cattle using bedded pack barns. The manure excreted is mixed
with bedding materials and decomposed until removed from the bedded pack barn. Attempts have been made to
mitigate the odor emitted from the mixture of manure and bedding materials by using various additives. Biochar
is attracting much attention as one of the multiple additives that reduce the odor from the compost bedded pack.
The lab-scale experiment was conducted using nine 14.1 L reactors for 21 days to evaluate the effect of biochar
addition on odor mitigation in the bedded pack barn. Each reactor was filled with 2.7kg of dairy cattle manure
mixed with 0.25 kg of sawdust, and the pyrolyzed (450-550℃) rice hull biochar was added with different ratios(Treatment-1: 5% of TS, Treatment-2: 10% of TS). 0.4 kg of fresh manure was added to each reactor every sevendays to simulate the manure excretion in the barn. Air corresponding to the headspace volume of the reactor was
ventilated every 2 hours. In treatments-1 and 2, NH3 emissions were reduced by 27% and 43%, respectively,
compared with control. There was a significant difference in NH3 emission of treatment-2 compared to control (p <0.05). Among sulfur compounds, dimethyl sulfdie (C2H6S, DMS) accounted for most of the emissions. Reduction
rates of total DMS emission of treatment-1 and 2 were 53% and 75%, respectively.
Keywords: biochar, bedded pack barn, odor mitigation

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-53A study of calf defecation posture tracking using LSTM
prediction technology
JK Lee1, HN Kang1, JH Kim1, SH Choi2 and DH Lee1
1

Department of Biosystems Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
2
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
lovenb@cbnu.ac.kr

When a calf digestive system malfunctions, calf’s activity will reduce rapidly, and these symptoms are more fatal
in younger calves. Thus, a proper management is necessary in time to reduce their high mortality rate. If the earlystate of disease development could be detected or predicted during monitoring calves, the risk factors can be
reduced by prompt treatment. Therefore, with the development of a low-power posture collecting device, a specificposture of normal defecation and diarrhea was distinguished by analysis based on the posture characteristic data of
the 2 calf for the 2 weeks.
After reviewing several models to select a sensor data-based defecation and diarrhea classification AI model
algorithm, a Neural Network Sequence Model was selected. It was judged as an intuitive optimal algorithm for
multi-class classification that assigns the data set of the window to the most similar group. Specifically, LSTM (Longshort term memory) recurrent neural network model was derived to regress between internal defect and classified
external behaviour of calf. As a result of classifying and learning the defecation postures into four classes, thelearning completion accuracy of the AI model was 98.66%, which made it possible to distinguish between normal
defecation and diarrhea. It was learned from the results of the inertial data of the IMU(Inertial Measurement Unit)sensor and verified through matching with the actual image.
If behavioral characteristic are found based on the linkage data between image and inertial, it is expected that it
will be possible to implement a calf diarrhea prediction technology.
Keywords: diarrhea detection, LSTM, calf defecation classification, posture tracking

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PP6-55

A study on the correlation between the NH3 concentrationand temperature, humidity in the pigsty using
electrochemical sensor
HY Yang , SU Yoon, EK Jo, SM Choi and BO Kim
Livestock Environment Management Industry, Se-jong, Korea
yhy94@lemi.or.kr

This study is to analyze the correlation between ammonia concentration in pigsties and environmental information,
which are measured by Electrochemical sensor, and to perform statistical predictions. To this end, ammonia
concentration, temperature, humidity, and rainfall were monitored at the eight pigsties in city E for 6 months(2021.9~2022.2) in real-time. The data figured basic statistics (minimum, maximum, average, standard deviation)out and analyzed linear correlation through VIF, P-P Plot, and Pearson's coefficient. Only data with a high linear
correlation was adopted to analysis. Four pigsties and four-months (2021.9~2021.12) data were selected due to thehigh Pearson's correlation coefficient. Using SPSS 22 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL), multiple linear regression analysis(dependent variable: ammonia concentration, independent variable: temperature and humidity) was performed
to derive a monthly regression equation (called prediction model). After that, we verificate the prediction model,
which was derived from filtering ammonia emission by the same range as the one of standard environmental
condition, was applied to the data of ammonia concentration of other months (called Verification). Verification ofreal-time data and model data was performed through statistics analysis including R-Square. As a result, analysisof data over four months showed that 18% of the prediction model exceeded R-square 0.7 and 82% were lower
than 0.7. This study suggests that it has difficulty in predicting concentration of ammonia only under environmental
conditions excluding external factors (manure treatment method, livestock management method, odor treatment
method etc.)
Keywords: ammonia concentration, electrochemical sensor, multiple linear regression analysis, statistics analysis

814

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-57

Changes of material properties of pig manure compost
between aerobic and anaerobic reactor
Hyunjong Kim1, Kwang-Hwa Jeong1, Jung-kon Kim1, Dong-jun Lee1 and Hoe-Man Park2
1

National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju-Gun, Korea, 2National Institute of Agricultural
Sciences, RDA, Wanju-Gun, Korea
hyunjongnt@korea.kr

By observing the material changes of pig manure composts in aerobic and anaerobic reactor during the composting
period, it is possible to increase the understanding of pig manure composting process. After collecting solid manure
separated from pig manure slurry by solid-liquid separation processing at the pig farm, we mixed it with sawdust
in a ratio of 6:4 by volume per volume to adjust the moisture content to around 65-70%. To make aerobic state in
aerobic reactors, 1 cubic meter of air was supplied per 1m3 of raw material per minute. On the other hand, no air
was supplied to the anaerobic reactor. Ambient temperature was maintained about 27.5 ± 2.5℃ during the wholeexperiment period. During composting, the pH in all 4 chambers (3 aeration reactors, 1 non-aeration reactor)
increased from pH 8.48 at day 0 to 9.08, 9.08, 9.13 and 8.57 within 2 days, and maintained at a similar level for 20days, and then decreased to 8.06, 7.79, 7.9, and 7.49 from the sample on the 23 day, and showed a gradual decline
to 6.81, 6.75, 6.68, and 6.26 at 120 days. Similarly, NH4-N also showed similar characteristics, and the correlation
coefficient was 0.84 with pH value. The EC value showed high fluctuations throughout the period, so it was notpossible to show consistent data values during the lodging process. EC showed a correlation of 0.98 with salt.
Keywords: aeration, composting, pig manure, substance characteristics

This study was supported by the Rural Development Administration research project (Project number: PJ014780).

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-59Effect of different metallic electrodes on concentration
reduction of soluble ammonia and other nutrients fromliquid manure sources by electrochemical processes
JN Halder, OH Hwang, MW Jung, JS Park and SY Park
Animal Environment Division, Department of Animal Biotechnology and Environment, National
Institute of Animal Science, Jeollabuk-do, Wanju-gun, Korea
joshua2021@korea.kr

The liquid manure has a high concentration of nutrients; therefore, it is an excellent source of plant nutrients
as well as a potential cause of environmental pollution if not treated properly before land application. This labscale study investigates the electrochemical (EC) treatment efficiency of several metallic electrodes for reducing
excessive physiochemical properties from four different types of manure sources such as liquid anaerobic digestate(AD), liquid swine manure (LSM), mixed manure influent (MI), and a thermophilic aerated effluent (TAE), basedon the nutrient reduction effect of iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), stainless still (SS), and carbon (C) electrode pairs.
Thus, we found that SS-C highly reduced the nitrogen or TN for AD at 72%, Fe-Al for LSM at 25%, Fe-SS at
36%, and SS-C for TAE at 41%. And the NH4-N removal was most effective by SS-C: 78% for AD, Fe-Al: 25%
for LSM, and SS-SS: 23% for TAE. Fe-Al and Fe-SS electrode pairs did the highest TP removal. However, the EC
treatment with SS electrodes increased Cr in the treated solution for AD by 29%, LSM: by 212%, MI by 482%,
and TAE by 371%. All the electrode pairs were capable of reducing 74% to 94% COD from four types of influents
after the treatment. The TAE samples had the highest maturity, about 140% by Fe-Al electrode treatment according
to the liquid fertilizer germination index (LFGI) analysis. This study also reveals that treated samples with a rangeof 5 mS/cm conductivity had a higher germination index.
Keywords: TN, NH4-N reduction, COD, germination index, conductivity

Figure 1. Reduction of nutrient contets by different EC treatment(left) and changes of conductivity, COD and LFGI(right)

816

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-61

Effect of peat moss diet supplementation on NH3, H2S, andCH4 emissions from sows
YJ Lee1 , DH Kim1, JH Shin1, SH Lee1, JH Lee2 and HK Ahn1
1

Department of Animal Biosystems Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea,
2
Livestock Environmental Management Institute, Korea
okok7840@gmail.com

As the swine farm is specialized and scaled up, animal manure treatment and odor-related complaints increase.
Among the various technologies developed to solve this problem, feed additive-related technologies are widelyused because they are economical and have the little burden of installing facilities. Peat moss has been reported
to have an odor mitigation effect when added to poultry feed and mixed with manure, but studies related to pigs
are rare. NH3, H2S, and CH4 emissions were monitored from sows (Body weight 214.8 ± 14.51 kg) with a feed
containing 3.0% (wet basis) of peat moss for eight days (five days for the adaptation period and three days for themonitoring period) by using a respiration chamber. NH3 emission was reduced by 16% (13.0 ± 2.01 g/day·head)compared with control (15.4 ± 4.08 g/day·head). H2S emission of the treatment was 27.8 ± 5.27 mg/day·head
which was 14% less than the control (32.5 ± 9.82 mg/day·head). However, there is no significant difference in theCH4 emission between control (14.7 ± 2.36 mg/day·head) and treatment (14.5 ± 2.00 mg/day·head). Adding peatmoss by 3% to the feed reduced NH3 and H2S emissions by 16% and 14%, respectively, while CH4 showed no
reduction effect(p > 0.05). The effect of reducing NH3 and H2S will be expected to differ depending on the amountof peat moss addition. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research to identify the appropriate amount ofpeat moss added to feed to mitigate odor.
Keywords: peat moss, feed additives, NH3, H2S

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-63

Survey of the quality status of livestock manure anaerobicdigested liquid fertilizer in South Korea
SC Lee1, SH Park1, JW Park1, SH Hong2, SR Kim2 and MG Lee1
1

Sangji University, Wonju, Korea, 2Sanji Unversity Industry-Acadmic Cooperation Foundation,
Wonju, korea
rlarudckd394@naver.com

Quality control is necessary to use digestive fluid generated after anaerobic digestion in an agricultural way(liquid
fertilizer, etc.). In this study, we analyzed the fertilizer quality of anaerobic-digested liquid fertilizers (the liquid
fertilizers made by aerobically treating anaerobic-digestate) produced in 5 livestock manure bio-gasification
facilities in South Korea. It showed that the average physicochemical properties of anaerobic-digested liquid
fertilizers (n=5) is pH 8.69, EC 29.74 mS/cm, T-N 2,978 mg/L, NH4+-N 1,923 mg/L, NO3-N 335 mg/L, T-P 331
mg/L, NaCl 0.23% and moisture 99.77%. For heavy metals, they were Cr 0.76 mg/kg, Cu 9.79 mg/kg, Zn 51.78
mg/kg, Ni 0.41 mg/kg, and As, Cd, Hg, and Pb were not detected. As a result of examining whether the analyzed
anaerobic-digested liquid fertilizer samples meet 「the Official Standard of Commercial Fertilizer」 showed thatone sample exceeded the NaCl concentration standard and did not meet it and the remaining four samples met all
criteria. However, for maturity (mechanical, seed germination index), automatic maturity was one matured sample,
each two immature and semi-maturing samples, and the seed germination index was 0 (seeds did not germinate) inall samples. As a result of the quality status survey, it can be seen that the results of mechanical maturity and seedgermination index do not match. In the future, further research is needed from a comprehensive perspective on
maturity.
Keywords: livestock manure, anaerobic digestion, maturity, biogas

This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture andForestry(IPET) through Livestock Industrialization Technology Development Program, funded by Ministry ofAgriculture, Food and Rural Affairs(MAFRA)(321091-03).

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-65

Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide removal from
centralized animal manure treatment plantusing a air circulation wet scrubber
SH Lee, DH Kim, JH Shin and HK Ahn
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
huny9261@cnu.ac.kr

The ever increasing public complaints arising from centralized animal manure treatment plant (CAMTP) growsince odors such as NH3 and H2S that occur during composting. Various physical/chemical and/or biologicalmethods were used for abating odours worldwide. The CAMTP selected in this study is a facility that is treated ona scale of 200 tons/day, and technologies such as biofilter and scrubber are applied to reduce odors.
This study was conducted to evaluate the odor reduction efficacy from air circulation wet scrubber of CAMTP. The
scrubber type is a method of inhaling odors in a composting facility with a scrubber and then entering the purified
air back into the composting facility. The tap water was used as scrubbing liquid. Odor emissions originating at the
inlet and outlet of scrubber were quantified using real-time monitoring system equipped with gas sensors (NH3,H2S) and olfactometry.
As a result of the study, the average concentration of NH3 at the inlet and outlet of scrubber was measured as 203.2± 52.3 ppmv (Mean ± S.D.) and 212.5 ± 5.0 ppmv, respectively and the NH3 removal efficiency was about −4.6%
and the NH3 concentration increased when the scrubber was operated. In the case of H2S concentration, the inlet ofscrubber was 0.1 ± 0.1 ppmv and the and outlet of scrubber was 0.1 ± 0.1 ppmv, showing H2S removal efficiency
of about 84.6%. To determine the odor concentration, a 5-person dynamic-dilution olfactometer was used. Results
showed the the inlet and outlet of scrubber odor are 222 and 227 odor unit (OU)/m3 respectively, and outlet ofscrubber was higher (p < 0.05).
Keywords: ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, olfactometer, wet scrubber				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP6-67

A study on the quality improvement through SS reduction
and nitrogen-reinforced livestock manure liquid fertilizer
SH Park1, SC Lee1, JW Jung1, SH Hong2, SR Kim2 and MG Lee1
1

Sangji University, Wonju, Korea, 2Sanji Unversity Industry-Acadmic Cooperation Foundation,
Wonju, Korea
pse44601@gamil.com

When livestock manure liquid fertilizer is used for Fertigation, it must adequately manage suspended solids (SS)and nitrogen concentrations in liquid fertilizer. This study studied a liquid fertilizer production system using
4STEP to achieve this purpose. STEP 1. A mixture of anaerobic digestate 10% and fermented swine manure(liquid manure circulation and system) 90% were treated by the TAO (Thermophilic Aerobic Oxidation) system
to produce TAO treated liquid fertilizers (TTLF). STEP 2. TTLF was treated by the electro-coagulation reactor
to produce refined liquid fertilizers (RLF). STEP 3. The ammonia gas generated during the TAO treatment wascaptured by the low pH water (phosphorous acid 0.004%) to produce an ammonia capture solution. Then, thedecompression distillation equipment was used to produce a nitrogen-concentrated liquid (NCL). Step 4. The
produced RLF and NCL were mixed at 1:1 to reduce SS and produce nitrogen-reinforced liquid fertilizer (SNLF).
In conclusion, TTLF was SS 2,911 mg/L, T-N 863 mg/L, and NCLF was SS 2,067 mg/L, T-N 2,567 mg/L. SS
was reduced by 29%, and T-N produced liquid fertilizers that increased by about three times, so the possibility ofquality improvement gets reviewed.
Keywords: livestock manure, liquid fertilizer, quality advancement“This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture andForestry (IPET) and Korea Smart Farm R&D Foundation (KosFarm) through Smart Farm Innovation Technology
Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) and Ministry of
Science and ICT (MSIT), Rural Development Administration (RDA) (421046-03)”.

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP6-69Evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions based on
nutritional value from meat source in Korea
GW Park and KH Park
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon, Korea
rmsdn92@kangwon.ac.kr

Through its Special Report, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) suggested pathways that global
net anthropogenic CO₂ emissions decline by 45% from 2010 levels by 2030, and reach net zero around 2050, forlimiting global warming to 1.5℃ by 2100. In agricultural and livestock sectors, 18 million tons of greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions will be reduced to 15.4 million tons by 2050. In order to achieve this goal, the food consumption
is also considered as a way to reduce the GHG from crops, livestock, and land usage. The objective of thisresearch was to present data for more understanding about meat products and its relation to GHG emission basedon nutritional value. A scenario modeling analysis compared the changes in the foods by using extreme meal plansuch as only beef, only pork, only chicken, and without animal source foods so called vegan meal plan in Korea.
The food scenarios were based on the recommended energy of 2,600 kcal/day and protein of 65g/day for age 19
to 29 male. When each meat products were consumed on energy based, it was excessed 1.41 to 4.38 times thanrecommended protein intake. Meal plan without animal products could not meet all amino acids at recommended
amount, except tryptophan. On protein base, even though consuming vegan meal plan fulfilled the recommended
nutrients, the GHG emissions were 15 and 43% higher than consuming the pork and chicken. Therefore, thenecessity and importance of consumption of meat products should be thoroughly considered.
Keywords: life cycle assessment, animal source foods, greenhouse gas, food scenario, livestock				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP7-1

Method of improving the conception rate byusing ovulation delay due to vaccination
against foot-and-mouth disease in Korean cattle
DH Kim1, JK Yi1, JJ Ha1, JY Park1, DY Kim2, JH Park2 and WY Lee2
1

Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea, 2Lartbio Co., Ltd.,
Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea
chunja2411@korea.kr

In previous studies, we confirmed results such as increased anovulation, increased acute immune response anddecreased fertility after foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination in Korean cattle. Therefore, this study aims
to find out how to improve the fertility rate by using ovulation delay caused by foot-and-mouth disease vaccine.
In this study, 80 cows (Control, FMD, FMD + Gn2.5, and FMD + Gn5.0 group respectively 20 cows) of theGyeongsangbuk-do Livestock Research Institute were used. In the case of the group vaccinated only with FMD,
it was confirmed that the average follicle size was maintained at 12 mm and ovulation was delayed. Ovulation
rate of FMD + Gn5.0 group (500 ug Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) injection 3 days after the FMD
vaccination) was the highest at 82%, compared to other groups. In the case of the FMD+Gn2.5 group (250 ug
GnRH injection 3 days after the FMD vaccination) and the control group (NOT FMD vaccine), the ovulation rate
was 55%, which was relatively lower than that of the FMD + Gn5.0 group. Conception rate through ultrasoundequipment after 40 days of artificial insemination, the control group was 50% (10/20), the FMD + Gn2.5 groupwas 35% (7/20), and the FMD + Gn5.0 group was 65% (13/20). In addition, as a result of analyzing the immune
response, it was confirmed that the plasma contents of haptoglobin and serum amyloid A increased up to 7 days
after vaccination against FMD in experiment group except control. Therefore, it can be usefully used to improvethe conception rate according to FMD vaccination through a modified ovulation synchronization method based on
GnRH.
Keywords: foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, anovulation, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, conception rate822

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP7-3

GRP78 play key roles related to male fertility
via PI3K/PDK1/AKT pathway
WJ Lee1, JH Jo2, SI Jang2, EJ Jung1, JM Hwang1, JW Bae1 and WS Kwon1,2
1

Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
wj9059lee@naver.com

Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is known to play a role in stabilizing ER proteins and inducing theunfolded protein response. However, previous studies have been reported that GRP78 on the surface of cancer
cells is involved in PI3K/PDK1/AKT signaling pathway for apoptosis and cell proliferation. Similarly, it has
been validated that GRP78 is present on the cell surface in spermatozoa. However, the direct effects of GRP78
on spermatozoa is still unclear. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of GRP78 on sperm
functions during capacitation and elucidated the mechanisms. In the present study, boar spermatozoa wereincubated with various concentrations of HA15, a GRP78 antagonist. Then, sperm motion parameters, capacitation
status, cell viability level, PI3K/PDK1/AKT-related proteins level and tyrosine phosphorylation were evaluated.
We found that inhibition of GRP78 significantly decreased sperm motility and motion kinematic parameters. In
addition, capacitation status and cell viability were significantly decreased. GRP78 was significantly decreased
compared to the control group, and PI3K/PDK1/AKT-related proteins level was significantly changed after
treatment of HA15. The tyrosine phosphorylation was also significantly changed. Our results suggest that inhibitionof GRP78 induced aberrant proteins activity, which negatively affects sperm functions during capacitation. It is
anticipated that the results can be used to perform a further study to identify molecular mechanisms related to
GRP78 in spermatozoa.
Keywords: GRP78, sperm, PI3K/PDK1/AKT pathway, capacitation
This study was conducted with the support of the Gyeongsangbuk-do agricultural and fishery R&D activation
project.

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP7-5

Male reproductive toxicity of Ritonavir: insight into
mouse sperm capacitation
EJ Jung1, JH Jo2, SI Jang2, WJ Lee1, JM Hwang1, JW Bae1 and WS Kwon1,2
1

Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
red0787@naver.com

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19, the development of therapeutic agents for COVID-19 has been progressing
to date. Ritonavir (RTV) is one of the anti-viral agents which was considered and determined as a component ofanti-COVID-19 medicine. The RTV is also well known utilized for drug repurposing, especially on cancer cells.
However, several previous studies have determined that RTV has toxicity on numerous kinds of cells. Moreover,it has been reported that the RTV is involved in the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT). Despite thedetrimental effects of RTV, it is still unknown whether RTV affects reproduction toxicity. Therefore, the present
study was designed to investigate the effects of RTV on sperm functions and male fertility. In this study, sperm wascollected from mouse cauda epididymis and then incubated with various concentrations of RTV (0, 0.1, 1, 10, and100 μM). Then, sperm functions (sperm motility, motion kinematics, capacitation status, and cell viability), andexpression levels of AKT, phospho-AKT (Thr308 and Ser473), and phospho-tyrosine proteins were evaluated after
inducing capacitation. Our results showed that RTV has detrimental effects on sperm motility, motion kinematics,
and cell viability. Also, levels of phospho-tyrosine proteins were significantly increased at approximately 25 kDa
and 100 kDa, and phospho-AKT (Thr308 and Ser473) levels were significantly increased in dose-dependent manners.
Taken together, RTV may detrimentally affect sperm functions by inducing abnormal tyrosine phosphorylation
via disrupting AKT signaling. Therefore, people who take or prescribe the RTV should take caution that RTV may
have reproductive toxicity.
Keywords: Ritonavir, AKT, spermatozoa, capacitation

824

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP7-7

Effects of mild FSH stimulation on bovine oocyte quality,
in vitro embryo production and resistance to virification
and warming by ovum pick-up in Hanwoo(Bos taurus coreanae ) cows
JK Yi1, DH Kim1, DY Oh1, DJ Jung1, DJ Kim1, WY Lee2, G Jang3 and JJ Ha1
1

GB Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju, Korea, 2Lartbio Co.Ltd, Seoul, Korea, 3Seoul National
University, Seoul, Korea
79lee38@korea.kr

The control of steroid hormones helps develop ovary follicles. Especially injected with follicle-stimulatinghormone (FSH) the germinal-vesicle (GV) stage level up. In this paper, the growth of follicle and the quality of
cumulus-oocyte-complexs (COCs) are well explained. Synchronization and superstimulation with FSH help thegrowth and maturity of mitosis in oocytes. But at present, the in-vitro maturation (IVM) system cannot fully imitate
the internal conditions of cattle. But we have created the quality and in-vitro-production (IVP) environment of
COCs as much as possible. In addition, the entire IVP process was studied by synchronization and superstimulation
with FSH experimental group, as well as IVP conditions, up to a higher level of blastocyst development than thefusion result of vitrification. In conclusion, our results confirmed the high performance and efficiency of embryonicdevelopment by the method of vitrification with FSH.
In summary, The main objective of this study was to compare of oocyte and embryo using FSH superstimulation
system to vitrification and warming by evaluating blastocyst development and quality after oocyte aspiration, in
vitro fertilization (IVF) and culture (IVC). In addition, we focused on the effects of the superstimulation systems
on the follicular population, size and, prior to oocyte pick-up (OPU) and also oocyte quality. We used the mild
FSH superstimulation system, which results in embryos with greater capacity for embryonic development andconsequently more resistance to vitrification.
Keywords: superstimulation, synchronization, FSH, OPU, in vitro, vitrification, insemination

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP7-9

The expression of oxytocin receptor in the horse brain
YW Jung1 and MJ Yoon1,2,3
1

Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department of Horse, Companion and Wild Animal Science, Kyungpook National University,
Sangju, Korea, 3Research Center for Horse Industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
wook02070@gmail.com

Oxytocin (OXT) is an important hormone involved in various ranges of physiological effects including foaling
and milk ejection. Recently, its role in controlling the behavior of animals as a neurotransmitter has been reported.
Since then, several studies conducted to elucidate the expression of OXT in the brains of various species. We
recently reported that OXT is an important biomarker for the friendliness and docility of horses; horses thatindicated a higher level of plasma OXT showed a higher level of communion with humans. These results indicatethat OXT is a crucial neurotransmitter for horses. Knowing the expression of OXT receptor (OXTR) in the brain
will provide better clues to identifying the roles of OXT in the horse behaviors. Thus, to understand the possible
neurological actions of OXT in horses, the aim of this study is to identify the expression of OXTR in brain regions.
In the present study, the brain tissue samples of five thoroughbred horses were used. Immunohistochemistry was
executed to detect the OXTR expression by using a rabbit anti-OXTR antibody. As a result, OXTR staining wasobserved in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and fiber of cell somas of cerebral cortex and medulla, cerebellar cortex andmedulla. Also, there was an expression of OXTR in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and fiber of thalamus, hypothalamus,
pituitary gland, pineal gland, and pons. In conclusion, OXTR was expressed in the many parts of horse brains
indicating that the OXT-OXTR system may be involved with the wide range of functions of the brain in horses.
Keywords: brain, horse, immunohistochemistry, oxytocin receptor

826

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP7-11

Relationship between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)
and fertility in dairy cattle
J Lee, DS Kim, JK Son, KS Lee, EJ Jeon, DH Kim, MH Han and S Hwang
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheon-an, Korea
leejh6735@korea.kr

It is well documented that circulating Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations were positively associatedwith reproductive performance such as ovarian follicle number and ovarian reserve in several female animals. In
this study, we examined the relationship between circulating AMH levels and reproductive traits such as artificial
insemination (AI) service per conception (SPC) and conception rate (CR) in Holstein-Friesian. Plasma AMH
concentrations were assessed on a random day of the estrous cycle in multiparous cows (n = 135) on our dairy
innovation center located in Cheonan, South Korea. Analysis of conception rates were conducted, regardless ofdifferent types of breeding programs to estimate the general influence of AMH levels on the overall CR. Animals
were partitioned into quartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4) based on AMH levels. Results showed that Q3 cows werehigher CR (64.14 ± 4.51%) compared to Q1 (54.70 ± 4.07), Q2 (63.43 ± 5.02) or Q4 (60.84 ± 4.86). There weresignificant differences (p < 0.05) between Q1 and Q3, however did not differ among other quartiles. Likewise, the
SPC were tended to be lower in Q3 (1.87 ± 0.17) compared to Q1 (2.18 ± 0.15), Q2 (2.13 ± 0.26) or Q4 (2.08 ±0.19) but did not differ among quartiles. We found that the reproductive performance improved as the AMH levels
increased, however it was decreased when AMH levels exceeded a certain level. Our results suggest that AMH
may be a useful indicator of reproductive performance based on prediction of ovarian function.
Keywords: dairy cattle, circulating AMH, fertility				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l827

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP7-13

Colony stimulating factors and their receptors: expression
and regulation in the endometrium during the estrous cycle
and pregnancy in pigs
Yugyeong Cheon, Inkyu Yoo, Soohyung Lee and Hakhyun Ka
Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
cheon@yonsei.ac.kr

Colony stimulating factors (CSFs), CSF1, CSF2, and CSF3, are glycoproteins that bind to their receptor to affectdifferentiation and proliferation of immune cells. CSFs play important roles not only in immunity but also in
reproduction, including ovulation, implantation, placentation, and embryogenesis. The expression and functionof CSFs at maternal–fetal interface have been studied in human and mouse. In pigs, some studies related on theexpression of CSFs in the endometrium were reported, but the expression and function of CSFs and their receptors
are not fully understood. Thus, we determined the expression, localization, and regulation of CSF1, CSF2, CSF3,
and their receptors in the endometrium during the estrous cycle and at the maternal-conceptus interface during
pregnancy. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of CSF1, CSF1R, and CSF2RA changed
during the estrous cycle and pregnancy with higher levels on Day 15 of pregnancy than the estrous cycle. In situ
hybridization analysis showed that CSF1R, CSF2RA, and CSF3R mRNAs were localized primarily to luminaland glandular epithelial cells in the endometrium during pregnancy. Conceptus tissues during early pregnancy
chorioallantoic tissues during mid- to term pregnancy expressed CSFs and their receptors. In endometrial explant
cultures, increasing doses of interferon-γ up-regulated the expression of CSF1R and CSF2RA. These results
showed that the expression of CSFs and their receptors was dynamically regulated in the endometrium during
the estrous cycle and pregnancy and at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs, suggesting that CSFs may play
important roles in regulating immunity and pregnancy in pigs.
Keywords: pig, pregnancy, endometrium, CSFs

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-15The corpus luteum quality and blood metabolites onrecipient cows does not affect pregnancy rate after embryotransfer in Hanwoo cows
SS Kang1, SR Cho1, IR Yoon1, MS Lee1, EK Ko2, NT Kim2 and UH Kim1
1

Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang, Korea,
2
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science,
RDA, Hamyang, Korea
sskang84@korea.kr

In the present study, we examined effect of corpus luteum (CL) grade and size, and blood metabolites (BMs)on pregnancy rate after embryo transfer (ET). In total, 68 Hanwoo cows at Animal Genetic Resources Research
center were synchronized by progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (CIDR, Zoetis, New Zealand) and GnRH
(Fertagyl, GmbH, Germany) injection. Seven days after CIDR introduction, removed CIDR and injected 5 mL
of PGF2α (Lutalyse, Zoetis, Belgium). After 6 days of CIDR removal, grade and size of CL were examined byrectal palpation and ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected and serum were cryopreserved at -80°C. Thitry
Hanwoo cows were selected for recipient cows. Day after recipient selection, embryos were transferred to uterine
horn of recipient. Embryos derived from ovum pick up were provided by Gyeongsang National University. After30 days of ET, pregnancy rate of recipient cows was examined by early pregnancy detection kit (IDEXX, USA).
Fifteen Hanwoo cows were pregnant and fifteen cows were non-pregnant. We evaluated grade and size of CL,
and BMs at day before ET. The grade and size of CL of cows were not significantly different (grade and size vs.
pregnant cows and non-pregnant cow groups, 1.36 ± 0.6 and 1.6 ± 0.7, 3.3 ± 1.4 and 3.2 ± 0.9 cm2). BMs (Albumin,
glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, BUN, total protein, AST, ALT and non-esterified fatty acids) of pregnant
group and non-pregnant group were compared. There is no difference of BMs on pregnant group and non-pregnant
groups. In conclusion, we suspected that quality of CL and BMs does not affects pregnancy rate of recipient cows.
Keywords: blood metabolite, corpus luteum, embryo transfer, Hanwoo, OPU

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PP7-17

Discovering copy number variation in the Korean Duroc
using high-density SNP chip
ES Cho1, YS Kim1, JK Hong1, SJ Sa1, HS Seong1, YM Kim1, SJ Ha2, HJ Baek2, JK Kim2,
WH Chung3 and JW Choi2
1

Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan, Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon
National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 3Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food ResearchInstitute, Wanju, Korea
segi0486@korea.kr

Copy number variation (CNV) is dispersed throughout the mammalian genome and is considered one of theimportant genomic structural variations that have an impact on phenotypic variations in livestock species. In thisstudy, we detected CNVs in a population of the Korean Duroc (DUC) that is one of the most popular commercial
pig breeds, using the Illumina PorcineSNP60 BeadChip. We used a total of 300 DUC individuals for identifying
CNVs and CNV regions (CNVR) in this study. The quality control process filtered six animals and 18,070 markers,
resulting in 58,684 markers for 294 animals for further CNV detection. We discovered a total of putative 1,752
CNVs in autosomes, which can be integrated into 439 CNVRs were detected. Identified CNVRs spanned 88.72 Mb
of total length that covered 3.92 % of the porcine genome (Sscrofa 11.1). CNVRs are classified into 348 losses, 60
gains, and 31 mixed. The size of CNVR ranged from 10.76 Kb to 4,144.35 Kb, and the average size of CNVR was
202.10 Kb. We observed high incidences of CNVRs on SSC2 (9.0%) and SSC12 (7.3%) while lower incidences of
CNVRs were observed on SSC9 (1.1%) and SSC15 (1.4%). Functional enrichment analysis for 886 genes showedthat the majority of the enriched terms were biosynthesis and metabolism of fatty acids. CNV identification in the
Korean Duroc population enriches the CNV map for porcine species, and these results might be useful for a better
understanding of phenotypic and genomic characteristics that are associated with economically important traits in
porcine.
Keywords: copy number variation (CNV), illumina porcineSNP60 Bead Chip, Korean Duroc (DUC)830

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP7-19Effect of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase on porcine
embryonic development
Ying-Jie Niu1,2, Xiao-Han Li1, Qi-Sheng Zuo1,2 and Xiang-Shun Cui1
1

Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea, 2Joint
International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of
Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), a protein denitrosylase, protects the mitochondria from mitochondrial
nitrosative stress. Mammalian preimplantation embryos are mitochondria-rich, but the effects of GSNOR on
mitochondrial function in preimplantation embryos are not well-studied. In the present study, we investigate
whether GSNOR plays a role in mitochondrial regulation during porcine preimplantation embryo development.
GSNOR knock-down significantly impaired blastocyst formation and quality and markedly induced the increasein protein S-nitrosylation. Notably, GSNOR knock-down-induced overproduction of S-nitrosylation caused
mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, mitochondria-derived
reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase and ATP deficiency. Interestingly, GSNOR knock-down-induced total
mitochondrial amount increase, but the ratio of active mitochondria reduction, suggesting that the damaged
mitochondria were accumulated and mitochondrial clearance was inhibited. In addition, damaged mitochondria
produced more ROS, and caused DNA damage and apoptosis. Importantly, supplementation with L-NAME
reverses the increase in S-nitrosylation, accumulation of damaged mitochondria, and oxidative stress-induced
cell death. Interestingly, autophagy was downregulated after GSNOR knock-down, but reversed by L-NAME
treatment. Thus, GSNOR maintains mitochondrial homeostasis by promoting autophagy and the clearing of
damaged mitochondria in porcine preimplantation embryos.
Keywords: GSNOR, S-nitrosylation, mitochondria, porcine, preimplantation embryos.

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PP7-21

Mitochondrial dysfunction during in vitro maturation ofrotenone-exposed porcine oocytes
G Heo, DJ Zhou and XS Cui
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
gjrms365@g.cbnu.ac.kr

Electrons in mitochondria transfer from the iron-sulfur center of mitochondrial complex 1 to ubiquitin, whichis inhibited by a natural compound called rotenone. ROS caused by the suppression of mitochondrial function
increases oxidative stress, and several papers have explained that rotenone induces ROS. However, since there
was no study on the effect of rotenone exposure at in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes, this study was conducted
to evaluate the toxicity of Rotenone. We investigated differences in expression levels of several proteins andmitochondrial dysfunction caused by rotenone treatment during in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes. Rotenone
affected the maturation process by reducing the maturation rate of immature porcine oocytes and the expansionof cumulus cells (CCs). In addition, ATP production decreased as the total mitochondria number and the active
mitochondria number reduced in rotenone-treated oocytes. Mitochondria damaged by rotenone generated ROS,
increased mitophagy, and eventually led to apoptosis in oocytes. This study suggests that rotenone interferes withoocyte maturation by inhibiting mitochondrial function in pigs.
Keywords: apoptosis, mitochondria, oocyte maturation, rotenone

832

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-23

Dominant proportion of vaginal epithelial cells at thecompletion of hormonal stimulation in female goats
N Promsao1, P Yama1, M Sangkate1, A Suriard1, W U-krit1,2, S Tangtaweewipat1, S Tola1,
R Maktrirat3, P Intawicha4 W Inyawilert5, NV Linh1,6, HV Doan1,6 and T Moonmanee1,61Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University,
Thailand, 2Sing Buri College of Agriculture and Technology, Muang Sing Buri, Sing Buri, Thailand,
3
Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 4Division of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Natural
Resources, University of Phayao, Thailand, 5Department for Agricultural Science, Faculty ofAgriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Thailand, 6Innovative
Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
nalinthip.pae@gmail.com

Vaginal cytology analysis provided important information about the reproductive tract conditions, supporting
reproductive management decisions in female goats. The objective of the present research, therefore, is to evaluate
the proportion of different vaginal cell types in female goats at the completion of hormonal stimulation. A total of
30 does were received intravaginal inserts of synthetic progesterone (controlled internal drug release; CIDR) for
5 days (day 0 to day 5). On day 5, CIDR was removed from vagina and prostaglandins was administrated. On day
7, does were received administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and inseminated with frozen semen. At
the completion of hormonal synchronization (on day 7), vaginal smears were collected, stained with Diff-Quickand observed by light microscope to categorize into three types: parabasal (small round cell with small amount ofcytoplasm and round nuclei), intermediate (larger than parabasal cell with variations in shapes and their sizes) andsuperficial (largest vaginal epithelial cell with a polygonal, flat shape and pyknotic nuclei) cells. The percentage
of vaginal epithelial cells at the completion of hormonal stimulation was greater (p = 0.0001) in superficial andintermediate cell types (35.92 ± 2.52% and 38.93 ± 1.08%) than parabasal cell type (25.15 ± 1.86%). Moreover,
estrous and pregnancy rates of inseminated does were 66.67% and 53.33%. Therefore, dominant proportion ofsuperficial and intermediate cells at the completion of hormonal stimulation might be an indirect indicator for
determining optimal time for insemination in does; however, new and larger studies are necessary.
Keywords: epithelial cell types, vaginal cytology, fixed-time artificial insemination, does				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP7-25Wheat phytase potentially enhanced the viability of HT-29
intestinal epithelial cells against UDP-induced cytotoxicity
JM An and JS Cho
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
wjdcks1231@naver.com

The objective of this study is to determine the efficiency of wheat phytase as an enhancer of viability of HT-29,
human intestinal epithelial cell-line, against uridine diphosphate (UDP)-induced cytotoxicity. As proinflammatory
nucleotide, UDP is implicated in inflammatory bowel disease inducing apoptosis through nitric oxide (NO)release. Also, UDP is known to be associated with the inflammation of intestinal epithelial cells. The phosphataseactivity of the enzyme against UDP was determined by the presence or absence of inhibitors (L-phenylalanine andL-homoarginine, the inhibitor of tissue-specific and tissue-non-specific alkaline phosphatase each). The inorganic
phosphate release was measured by the malachite green-based detection kit. Dephosphorylation of UDP by wheat
phytase occurred in-a dose-dependent fashion and was unaffected by the addition of inhibitors. Viability of HT-29
exposed to UDP treated with or without wheat phytase was measured by the EZ-CYTOX kit. Intact UDP decreased
viability of HT-29, while dephosphorylated UDP enhanced the viability of HT-29. The release of interleukin-6 (IL-6)
and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in HT-29 with intact UDP and enzyme-treated UDP was investigated using the ELISA kit.
IL-8 secretion from HT-29 with dephosphorylated-UDP was 1.7-fold higher as compared with that of intact UDP.
The release of IL-6 in HT-29 with enzyme-treated UDP was 15-fold higher as compared with that of intact UDP.
These results demonstrate that beyond its nutritional aspects, wheat phytase could protect and promote the survivalof intestinal epithelial cells against UDP, suggesting the advantage of immunological point of view. Consequently,
wheat phytase has therapeutic potential as a supplement in animal husbandry.
Keywords: cell viability, HT-29 cell, UDP, wheat phytase

834

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-27

Optimizing fixed time artificial insemination efficiency through
Co-Synch techniques in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis )CF Dela Cruz1, EC Atabay1,2, EP Atabay1 and JPR Apolinario1
1

Reproduction and Physiology Section, Philippine Carabao Center, National Headquarters, Science
City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, 3120 Philippines, 2Philippine Carabao Center at CLSU, Science Cityof Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, 3120 Philippines
carlovmd15@yahoo.com

FTAI has been proven effective for livestock production, however, most of the current protocols strictly require
to perform insemination at day 10, otherwise, timing is compromised, likewise FTAI protocols can be costly.
This study aimed to evaluate the CIDR-CoSynch-hCG techniques in water buffaloes, as possible cost-effective
breeding strategy. Multiparous animals (106) with BCS of ≥3.0, ovarian size of > 1.0 mm were randomly assignedin three different treatments. In Treatment 1, animals (n=52) were subjected to Controlled Internal Drug ReleaseSynch-human Chorionic Gonadotropin (CIDR-Synch-hCG) protocol as control, wherein ovulatory hormone,hCG, is given on day 9 and insemination is fixed on day 10. In Treatment 2, animals (n=55) were subjected to
CIDR-CoSynch-hCG-day-9, wherein the animals were simultaneously inseminated and injected with hCG on
day 9, and Treatment 3, (n=51) is CIDR-CoSynch-hCG-day-10, with animals simultaneously inseminated andinjected with hCG at day 10. Pregnancy diagnosis was done at day 30-40 post-AI by ultrasonography. Results
showed that the pregnancy rates achieved by T2 (50.90%) and T3 (47.05%) are not significantly different fromT1 (42.30%) control. The present study demonstrated that performing both artificial insemination and inductionof ovulation on the same day, either on Day 9 or Day 10 with CIDR-CoSynch-hCG protocols, are as effective
as CIDR-Synch-hCG, wherein the hCG injection (Day 9) and insemination (Day 10) are being done separately.
With CIDR-CoSynch techniques the number of days to handle the animals and labor cost can be reduced withoutcompromising pregnancy outcome. Moreover, Co-Synch techniques are valuable strategy to manage reproductive
program in buffaloes.
Keywords: CIDR-CoSynch-hCG, CIDR-Synch-hCG, multiparous water buffalo

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PP7-29Heat stress altered the rumen fermentation characteristics,
rumen microbial community composition, and blood
parameters of mid-lactating Holstein dairy cows
SH Kim1, RA Valencia1, SC Ramos1, MA Miguel1, YP Naing1, SS Lee2 and SS Lee1
1

Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea, 2Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
mhs0425@hanmail.net

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in the rumen fermentation characteristics, rumen microbialcommunity composition, and blood parameters in mid-lactating Holstein dairy cows during heat stress andrecovery period. Rumen fluid was collected using an oral stomach tube and used for the analyses of rumen
fermentation characteristics and microbial composition, while blood samples were collected from the jugular veinusing blood collection tubes. For rumen fermentation characteristics, ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) levels werehigher during HS (5.09 mg/dL) than in recovery period (4.38 mg/dL) (p > 0.05). The concentrations of acetate,
propionate, and butyrate as well as the A/P ratio and total volatile fatty acid were not significantly different
between HS and the recovery period. For the rumen microbial community, the Shannon and Simpson diversity
indices revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) between HS and the recovery period. Prevotella, Ruminococcus,

Selenomonas, Gilliamella, Duncaniella, Succiniclasticum, Paraprevotella, Bacteriodes, Lentimicrobium , andTreponema dominated the HS and recovery period at the genus level. During heat stress, the levels of both HSP27
and HSP70 in the blood serum increased significantly, while the blood serum glucose was decreased (p < 0.01).
In addition, the ketone and blood urea nitrogen tended to increase, and total protein in the blood significantly
increased (p < 0.05) during HS. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and cholesterol were notdifferent between HS and the recovery period. Overall, heat stress increased the NH3-N concentration during rumen
fermentation and changed the blood parameters and composition of rumen bacteria of mid-lactating Holstein dairy
cows.
Keywords: heat stress, mid-lactation, rumen fermentation, rumen microbiota

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-31

Changes of estrus in milk yield, milk composition, rumen
environment, behavioral pattern, and physiologicaltraits in Holstein dairy cows
HG Ryu1, YH Jo1, JS Lee1, HW Jin2, HK Ko3, DY Shin3, SR Lee1 and HG Lee1
1

Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2Dongbang S&D Co., Ltd, Seoul, Korea, 3National Agricultural
Cooperative Federation Agribusiness Group, NongHyup, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
xxryuho@naver.com

We investigated the rumen temperature and activity using a rumen sensor, as well as milk yield, milk compositions,behavioral pattern, and physiological traits during estrus period of Holstein dairy cows. A total of 10 HolsteinFriesian lactating cows inoculated with rumen sensors were collected rumen temp and activities at 10 min interval
during estrus period. Additionally, data on the behavioral patterns (mounting, drinking, and feeding), physiologicaltraits (vaginal temp, rectal temp, and electrical resistance of vaginal mucus), and productivity (milk yield, milk
composition) were collected. Comparing to non-estrus’s cows, estrus’s cows showed an increase in mounting,vaginal temp., rectal temp. and a decrease in feeding and electrical resistance of vaginal mucus (p < 0.05). The
rumen sensors’ data demonstrated that estrus induce the higher rumen temp (over 39.5℃) and activities (8 index)
comparing to non-estrus in cows (p < 0.05). There were no changes in the milk yield and milk compositions. Taken
together, we suggest that rumen environment (rumen temp and activities) using rumen sensor can be helpful for
detecting estrus’s dairy cows in smart farming system.
Keywords: rumen sensor, smart farm, estrus, dairy cows

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PP7-33

Effect of lipid-rich bovine serum albumin (LR-BSA) on thedevelopment of in vitro fertilized bovine embryos
DJ Kwon, KD Park and HK Lee
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
daejinkwon@gmail.com

Lipid-rich bovine serum albumin (LR-BSA) induces the production of various biologically active substances that
affect biological processes such as cell growth, cell survival, angiogenesis and wound healing.
Present study was performed to investigate the blastocyst productivity and the qualitative characteristics of
blastocysts after addition of LR-BSA in the culture system of in vitro fertilized eggs. In vitro fertilized eggs were
cultured in mSOFaa supplemented with LR-BSA at 0 (control), 1, 2.5, and 5 mg/mL, respectively, and the rate ofblastocyst development was examined. The rate of blastocyst development was significantly higher in the 2.5 mg/
mL group (35.66%, 51/154) then in the control (20.59%, 28/143), 1 mg/mL (26.85%, 21/128), and 5 mg/mL groups(26.61%, 24/123) (p < 0.05). The number of blastocyst cells was significantly higher in the 2.5 mg/mL group thanin the control group (146.0 ± 7.6 vs. 125.6 ± 8.0, p < 0.05), and the cell death rate was lower (3.2 ± 1.8 vs. 7.4 ±1.5). The expression of genes related to embryo quality (Oct4, Plac8 and Sox2) was significantly increased in the 2.5
mg/mL group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The Akr1b1 gene was significantly decreased in the 2.5 mg/mL
addition group than in the control group (p < 0.05).
As a result of this experiment, the addition of 2.5 mg/mL LR-BSA to the in vitro development (IVC) culture
medium is considered to contribute to the embryonic development of bovine in vitro fertilized eggs and thequalitative improvement of the produced blastocysts.
Keywords: in vitro fertilized embryo, LR-BSA, embryo quality, apoptosis, cattle

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-35

Effects of oxidative stress on primordial follicle formationand follicle development in SOD1 deficient mice
Sasaki Ayana, Tomioka Chinatsu and Kimura Naoko
Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Yamagata University,
Tsuruoka, Japanayana.ssk66@gmail.com

Research backgrounds: Intrinsic oxidative stress is known to cause apoptosis of ovarian follicle granulosa cells,
resulting in follicular atresia. On the other hand, the involvement of oxidative stress in the primordial follicles
formation has not been elucidated in detail.
Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of oxidative stress on the formation anddevelopment of primordial follicles in vivo and in vitro using neonatal SOD1 -/- mice.
Materials and methods: The ovaries from C57BL/6j WT and SOD1 -/- neonatal mice were collected at postnataldays (PD) 3, 5 and 10 or after culture for 3, 5 and 10 days after birth. The numbers of each developmental stage
follicle were evaluated. The expressions of apoptosis-related genes in the ovaries of PD5 were also investigated.
Major results: The number of primordial follicles at PD5 and the numbers of primary and secondary follicles at
PD10 significantly decreased in SOD1 -/- mice. Although there was no difference in the numbers of primordial
and primary follicles in the 3 and 5 days cultured ovaries from both genotype mice, the numbers of primary andsecondary follicles significantly decreased in SOD1 -/- mice at 10 days culture. The expression of cleaved PARP
was more frequently found in SOD1 -/- ovaries.
Conclusions: Oxidative stress from SOD1 deficiency would suppress folliculogenesis in vivo and early stage
follicle development in vitro .
Keywords: superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1 ), ovary, folliculogenesis

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PP7-37

Effect of valine addition on chicken semen after freezing
and thawing according to the type of freezing medium
JY Lee, SW Kim, CL Kim and YK Ko
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, Keoyngnam, Korea
jay0i@korea.kr

As genetic resources are regarded as national assets, the practical usefulness of genetic resources is becoming
increasingly important. Conservation of various genetic resources is an essential for the development of the
livestock industry. In the poultry industry, it is vulnerable to disease infection because it is mainly managed
live animals. Therefore, it is necessary to study for increasing the value of frozen gene resources as a means tocope with diseases. As an essential amino acid, valine has the effect of improving the DNA integrity of sperm
and fertilization rate. Accordingly, we researched what effect it had on Ogye, a Korean native chicken, when
the chicken semen was frozen with medium added valine. The effect on sperm after freezing and thawing wasinvestigated by adding 15.07 mM of valine to two types of freezing media, Beltsville poultry semen extender (BPSE)
and Lake-Ravie medium. As a result, the total motility of spermatozoa after freezing and thawing was 60.22 ± 6.94,
68.00 ± 1.87, 55.28 ± 5.65, 67.82 ± 3.02%, respectively (BPSE, BPSE with valine, Lake-Ravie medium, LakeRavie medium with valine). It is assumed that the addition of valine in Lake-Ravie medium can reduce the damage
that occurs during freezing. Based on the results of this experiment, it can help determine which medium to use asa basis when freezing chicken sperm, and it is thought that the effect of adding valine may be different.
Keywords: genetic resources, chicken, semen, freezing

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-39Bisphenol A induces inflammation in mouse skeletal
muscle and inhibits myoblast differentiation
SH Shin, SM Kim, DY Kim, JM Kim and BY Ryu
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, An-Seong, 17546 Korea
shinsh2022@cau.ac.kr

Despite the broad applications of Bisphenol-A (BPA), the health effects of BPA on skeletal muscles have not been
well elucidated. In this study, to examine the changes caused by BPA exposure on skeletal muscles, male ICR
mouse of 5 weeks old were administered at the dose of 0 and 50 mg/kg/L of BPA prepared in drinking water for 8
weeks. RNA samples from skeletal muscles from 4 mice per group were subjected to RNA-seq. GO term analysis
revealed that immune system process, adaptive immune response, inflammatory response, innate immune responsegroup of genes are significantly and differentially upregulated. Tumor necrosis factor (Tnf ) and lymphotoxin
beta (Ltb ) are discovered among top 30 most differentially upregulated genes, suggesting these two TNF family
proteins are possible inflammation drivers in BPA-treated group. In parallel, from in vitro validation, C2C12 cells
were induced to differentiated for BPA treatment and found that BPA can prominently induce more cell death indifferentiating C2C12 compared to undifferentiating state when exposed to BPA for 48hrs, indicating BPA caninhibit skeletal muscle development through cell death. Therefore, it is vital to investigate BPA analogues for theirpotential health impact on skeletal muscle development.
Keywords: bisphenol-A, skeletal muscle, RNA-seq

This research was supported by the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the NRF funded by the
Korean government (MSIP) (NRF-2018M3A9H1023139), Basic Science Research Program through the National
Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2018R01A6A1A03025159),
and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(NRF2020R1A2C1009974).

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PP7-41

Ancestral BPA exposure leads to dynamic transgenerational
plasticity on mice reproduction
Md Saidur Rahman, Yoo-Jin Park, Elikanah Olusayo Adegoke, DY Ryu, WK Pang, MJ Jungand MG Pang
Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University,
Anseong, 17546, Korea
shohagvet@gmail.com

Ancestral exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used endocrine disruptor capable of affecting offspring
reproduction in subsequent generations. However, the majority of existing transgeneration studies rely on shortterm (i.e. 2-3 generation) investigations that are notably unable of resolving ultimate evolutionary ('why') questions
to confirm the assumption. The current study investigated the transgenerational effects of paternal BPA exposure(at 50 mg/kg body weight/day for six weeks) vs. control on male offspring reproductive performance across fivegenerations. We discovered that BPA-exposed mice had reproductive impairment (lower sperm count, motility,
and capacitation) mostly in the F1 and F2 generations, given the fact that these offspring (and their germ cells)
had never been exposed to BPA. These effects were passed down to subsequent generations (F2), in part due toepigenetic modifications in male germ line cells. Both proteomics and RNA-seq investigation found a number ofproteins and mRNAs that were differentially expressed in F0 male spermatozoa from BPA-exposed and control
mice. Further analysis of differential protein and mRNA revealed that BPA-mediated impacts on male reproduction
are linked to parallel proteomics and mRNA modifications in spermatozoa, which may compromise oxidative stressresponse and consequent fertility. Given that proteins and genes related to fertility and epigenetic modification
are super conserved throughout vertebrates, these findings may give light on the possible transgenerational
consequences of EDCs on other vertebrates, including humans.
Keywords: BPA, transgenerational effects, reproduction, proteomics
This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of
Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025159).

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Animal Science Congress

PP7-43

Bisphenol-AF induces robust apoptosis in testicular germ
cell line GC-1 (spg)
JH Jeon, SH Shin, BJ Shin, GU Han and BY Ryu
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
wood8220@cau.ac.kr

Bisphenol-AF (BPAF) is an analogue of Bisphenol-A (BPA) in which two trifluoromethyl groups are substituted
for two methyl groups of BPA. As a monomer and a crosslinking agent, BPAF has wide-ranging applications inpolyamides, polycarbonate copolymers, polyesters, and other specialty polymers. Despite of the usefulness, thehealth effects of BPAF has been unsubstantially studied. In this study, we report that BPAF can induce robust
apoptosis in murine immortalized GC-1 spermatogonial cells. BPAF showed potent cytotoxic activity with IC50
5.146 μM while IC50 of BPA and BPF are 38.9 μM and 31.2 μM, respectively. Regarding transcriptional changes
of apoptosis and autophagy regulating genes, BPAF induced significant pro-apoptotic genes such as Bax, Bim , andBid. Increases in ATG7 mRNA transcripts and protein levels further indicated autophagy is also induced by BPAF.
These results show that BPAF can exert strong cytotoxic effect on spermatogonial cells and possibly on other stem
cell linage if exposed in a systemic way. Therefore, it is imperative to identify the cellular mechanism of action of
BPAF to discover the protective health agents that can reduce or prohibit the damage of BPAF while searching forsafe alternatives.
Keywords: bisphenol-AF, spermatogonial cell, apoptosis

This research was supported by the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the NRF funded by the
Korean government (MSIP) (NRF-2018M3A9H1023139), Basic Science Research Program through the National
Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2018R01A6A1A03025159),
and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(NRF2020R1A2C1009974).

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PP7-45Oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins ofspermatozoa affect boar fertility
BM Lee, YJ Park, Md Saidur Rahman, Elikanah Olusayo Adegoke, DY Ryu, WK Pang and MG Pang
Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University,
Anseong, 17546, Korea
qudan789@naver.com

Low fertility is a cause of economic loss in the livestock industry. The poor sperm quality of pigs is a major reason
for low fertility. For sperm to fertility, a functional purpose must be achieved. The normal function of spermatozoa
is critical to achieving fertility success. Most of the energy required for sperm function is generated from oxidativephosphorylation in mitochondria. Therefore, our study aims to identify the correlation between the expressionof mitochondrial proteins and litter size. Moreover, we investigated precise fertility markers to predict litter size.
The expression of COX5B and UQCRC1 in non-capacitated spermatozoa had a negative correlation with litter
size (R2 = -0.222 and -0.262, p < 0.05). The expression pattern of UQCRC1 and NDUFS8 in capacitation-induced
spermatozoa was significantly correlated with litter size (R2 = -0.234 and 0.264, p < 0.05). Then, we combined
single markers to improve predictability. The R2 of combined marker models were 0.514 and 0.516. The ROC
curve was demonstrated to investigate the predictive value of markers. The overall accuracy of COX5B andUQCRC1 in non-capacitated spermatozoa, and UQCRC1 and NUDFS8 in capacitation-induced spermatozoa were85%, 90%, 70%, and 85% respectively. And the overall accuracy of the combined marker model was 95%. When
we combined the single markers from capacitation-induced spermatozoa, the R2 and overall accuracy increased.
Our study suggests that abnormal expression of proteins related to mitochondrial function in non-capacitatedand capacitation-induced boar spermatozoa was critical for litter size. Moreover, corresponding proteins weredeveloped as a precise fertility prediction marker.
Keywords: capacitation, mitochondria, fertility, biomarker

This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of
Korea (NRF-2020R1C1C1003380).

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PP7-47

How to use the ultrasonic cutter for thefrozen semen evaluation
SW Kim, GY Lee, JY Lee, CL Kim and YG Ko
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea
sungwoo@korea.kr

The cutting device of ultrasonic cutter (UC) now expands its usability on the biotechnology containing sperm
evaluation. The frozen semen could be sampled by UC for sperm evaluation at the surface of liquid nitrogen witha V-shaped bottom styrofoam box. The emerging question is how-to thawing the sampled frozen semen, 3~5mm
straw cuttings. Traditionally, the frozen semen would be thawed by immersion in a 37°C water bath. This method
could not be used for cuttings of frozen semen which contains one or two openings at the ends. So, we tested the
1.5mL e-tube, 5mL round tube, 15mL tube, and V-shaped plastic bag for the thawing process. The motility ofsperm in the plastic bag thawing did not differ from that of control (87.5% vs 91.1%). However, the bigger size ofthe container lowered the motility of frozen/cut semen. The thawing method with BO media was also tested withrespective wares. The motility of frozen/cut semen with 10~15mL tubes did not differ from that of control (86.5%
vs 89.6%). These results show that the direct thawing method in a plastic bag without media and 10~15mL BO
media could be used for the thawing process of frozen/cut semen.
Keywords: ultrasonic cutter, frozen sperm, bovine, motility				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP7-49Consistent and automatic detection for acrosome reactionof the micro-modified plasma membranes in boar spermwith deep learning-based approach
SH Lee1, J Jo1, J Ahn1, T Lee1, HT Cheong2, S Lee1 and CK Park1
1

College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, 2School of
Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
sang1799@kangwon.ac.kr

The analysis of acrosome reaction (AR) is widely used to detect sperm infertility, but the subjective decisionsof experts affect the accuracy of the examination. Therefore, we develop an acrosome reaction classification
system (ARCS) for objectivity and consistency of analysis using convolutional neural networks (CNN) trainedwith various magnification images. Our models are trained on the microscopic images of 215 at 400× and 438
at 1000 × magnifications based on ResNet 50 and Inception-ResNet v2 architectures. These models distinctly
recognize micro-change in the plasma membrane of the AR sperms, moreover, the Inception-ResNet v2-based
ARCS achieves a mean average precision of over 97%. Our system’s calculation of the AR ratio on the test dataset
produces results similar to the work of the three experts and can do so more quickly. Therefore, our model canreplace the tedious tasks for detecting the sperms in the numerous specimens and the assessment of expert level for
determination of the AR status of the micro-changed plasma membrane in the sperm heads with the CNN-based
object detection and classification approach. Furthermore, the ARCS could provide consistent detection of the AR
sperm, reduction of misrecognition by the human mistake, and decrease of the working times. In conclusion, ourstudy suggests the feasibility and benefits of using a sperm diagnosis artificial intelligence assistance system inroutine practice scenarios. This work was supported by the Technology development Program (S3246401) fundedby the Ministry of SMEs and Startups.
Keywords: acrosome reaction, convolutional neural network, sperm

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP8-1

Season-dependent expression level of molecularmarkers for stallion germ cells
Muhammad Shakeel1,2, Heejun Jung1 and Minjung Yoon1,3,4
1

Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224,
Korea, 2Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali
Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 44000, Pakistan, 3Department of Horse, Companion
and Wild Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea, 4Reseach Centerfor Horse Industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea
muhammad.shakeel@knu.ac.kr

The economic impacts of infertility and subfertility of stallions greatly influence the horse breeding industry. Selfrenewal and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells are the initial processes to maintain sperm population.
About 50% of the sperm population is reduced during the non-breeding season (NBS) in stallions. Therefore,
comparing the factors related to spermatogenesis during the breeding season (BS) and NBS may provide a solution
to reveal the causes and remedies for subfertile/infertile stallions. It is especially pertinent to study the different
protein markers during undifferentiated, differentiating, and differentiated spermatogonia. DAZL, UTF-1, andPGP9.5 are the molecular markers expressed at different stages of spermatogenesis. However, the expression
pattern of these molecular markers throughout the year in stallion remains undetermined. The objectives of thisstudy were to (1) investigate the expression pattern and localization within seminiferous tubules (2) evaluate therelative mRNA levels of these three germ cell markers in stallion testes during BS and NBS. Testicular tissues
were collected during routine field castration. Immunohistochemistry was performed to compare the expression
pattern and localization and qPCR analysis was performed to calculate the relative mRNA expression levels.
Immunostaining of germ cells with DAZL and UTF-1 were not significantly different but PGP9.5 was significantly
higher during BS. The relative mRNA levels of DAZL and PGP9.5 found significantly upregulated, however,UTF-1 observed significantly downregulated during BS. From these results, it is suggested that the proliferationof DAZL and PGP9.5 positive germ cells are gonadotropin-dependent while that of UTF-1 positive germ cells are
gonadotropin-independent in stallion testes.
Keywords: spermatogonial stem cell, molecular marker, subfertility, infertility				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l847

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP8-3

Exploration of pretentious animal genetic
resources of Pakistan
Asif Nadeem
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Virtual University of Pakistan,
Lahore, Pakistan
asif.nadeem@vu.edu.pk

Pakistan is 5th in dairy cow population in the world while in milk producing countries it is on 6th rank. As comparedto other countries, United States (US) are ranked 1st in milk producing countries while 7th in cow population.
Pakistani cattle population is high while milk production is much lower as compared to the developed countries. In
Pakistan, major constraint in improving the production performance is lack of application of advanced techniques.
In United States, genomic data have been used to enhance production, of dairy cattle since January, 2009 but weare still far away. Genomic selection offers many advantages with regard to improving milk production. Genomic
variation among buffalo/ cattle breeds may provide mechanistic knowledge on their differentiation on phenotypes
including appearance, physiological, behavioral, and production traits. Molecular characterization of Pakistani
livestock species shows its diversity from animals of the other countries.
Keywords: genomics, livestock, genetic diversity, Pakistan

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP8-5

Sensitivity and specificity determination of an in-houseindirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for African
horse sickness antibody detection in horses
Machimaporn Taesuji, Khate Rattanamas, Nutnaree Kunanusont,
Usakorn Kulthonggate and Sakchai Ruenphet
Mahanakorn University of Technology, Thailand
machimapornt@gmail.com

The current study was established to investigate the efficacy of the in-house indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA) against the detection of African horse sickness (AHS) antibodies in horses. Ninety-three horsesera which collected during 2018-2019 before AHS outbreaking in Thailand and 93 vaccinated sera using live
attenuated AHS vaccine at least 1 month post vaccination, were used for antibody detection. The blocking ELISA
test kit (INGEZIM AHS COMPAC PLUS, INGENASA Madrid, Spain) was used for comparison in the present
study. For antigen preparation, monovalent of live attenuated African horse sickness vaccine, were used as virus
seeds for propagation using African green monkey kidney (Vero) mammalian cell line. Standardization of optimal
concentration of virus antigen, serum sample and anti-horse IgG peroxidase conjugated, was showed suitablereading for the antibody detection of AHS as 1:80, 1:400 and 1:10,000, respectively. The cut-off value of thepresent ELISA system is calculated using the OD value as 1.08. If the OD of tested samples with this in-houseindirect ELISA is equal to or greater than 1.08, indicates positive, while less than 1.08 indicates negative. The
diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of in-house indirect ELISA compared with blocking ELISA, were calculated
as 86.02 and 86.06%, respectively. In conclusion, through this comprehensive evaluation, we can conclude that thein-house indirect ELISA is an alternative test for the detection of AHS antibodies.
Keywords: African horse sickness, Indirect ELISA, Sensitivity, Specificity

This abstract is clearly written and easy to follow, although some sentences would benefit from style editing.

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP8-7

Stability and detection limit of avian influenza virus on
flinders technology associates card using conventional
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
K Rattanamas, M Taesuji, U Kulthonggate and S Ruenphet
Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
r.khate73@gmail.com

The present study investigated the stability and detection limit of the avian influenza virus (AIV) on the flinders
technology associates (FTA) card using conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
A low pathogenic AIV, namely A/duck/Asian country/2004 H9N2 were propagated using 9-day-old chicken
embryonic eggs. Three days after inoculation, the allantoic fluid was harvested and stored at −80°C. The stock
virus was tested for virus titration using chicken embryonic eggs. The stock virus was then diluted as a 10-foldserial dilution and each dilution was inoculated onto the FTA card, including drying in a class II safety cabinet andkept in a plastic bag at room temperature for 1, 2 weeks, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months. After time determination, theinoculated FTA card was genomic isolated using FTA purification reagent and genomic AIV was detected by onestep RT-PCR and gel electrophoresis. The present study demonstrated that the detection limit at 1 and 2 weeks, 1, 2,
3, 4 and 5 months was 1.17, 3.17, 4.17, 4.17, 5.17, and 5.17 log10 EID50, respectively. Furthermore, the stabilityof the AIV genome on the FTA card could be detected within 5 months. These results indicated that the FTA card
could preserve genomic RNA of AIV for several months, including the detection limit related to storage time. FTA
card could be a suitable option for RNA storage and transport for nucleic acid-based testing.
Keywords: detection limit, flinders technology associates card, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,
stability

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP8-9

Humoral immune response of in-house inactivatednewcastle disease vaccine using water in oil adjuvant andstrategy for vaccination in broiler chicken
N Kunanusont, S Wutthiwitthayaphong and S Ruenphet
Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
dr.pukpuipony@gmail.com

Background and aim: The present study aims to examine the humoral immunity response of the internal
inactivated Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine and the vaccination strategy in commercial broiler chicken. Materials
and Methods: The virulent ND virus was isolated from countries in the South East Asian region, this virus was
propagated using embryonate chicken eggs and allantoic fluid was harvested for virus stocking. The stock virus
was inactivated by formaldehyde in a 1:2,000 ratio. After the virus was completely inactivated, the water in oil
adjuvant, namely Montanide® (Seppic Asis Singapore, Singapore), was mixed at 1:1 ratio and kept at 4°C until
vaccinated. The present study divided 96 of Ross308 broiler chickens into 6 groups consisting of nonvaccinated,
commercial live, commercial inactivated, in-house inactivated, commercial live and inactivated and commercial
live and in-house inactivated. Blood collection was taken at 0, 1, 2, and 4 weeks after vaccination. Sera were
examined and evaluated of humeral immunity by beta-method of hemagglutination inhibition test. Results: These
results indicated that the humoral immunity response of in-house inactivated vaccine using water in oil adjuvant,was significant as same as commercial live vaccine and higher than commercial inactivated vaccine. However,
the immune response of the combination vaccination showed that the commercial live with inactivated in-housevaccination was significantly lower than the commercial live and commercial inactivated vaccination. Conclusions
In-house inactivated ND vaccine using water in oil adjuvant can be considered to apply for enhancing protection
especially in an endemic area, namely the homologous vaccine strain.
Keywords: newcastle disease, in-house inactivated newcastle disease vaccine, humoral immunity				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP8-11

Safety evaluation and anti-fatigue performance of goat
extract in C57BL/6 miceHsin-Tai Hong1, Tsung-Hsien Hsu1,2, Chien-Chao Chiu1 and Chean-Ping Wu2
1

Animal Technology Laboratories, Agricultural Technology, Miaoli, Taiwan, 2Department of Animal
Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
rhrnak42@snu.ac.kr

Meat extract is a popular Asian nutritional supplement that is often taken to improve aging and general health.
Unlike traditional chicken essence or clam extract, the goat extract (GE) is novel and may be used for prevent
physiopathological fatigue. Due to the lack of previous study with reliable reference. In present study, we evaluatedthe safety and potential anti-fatigue effects of GE on pathogen-free male C57BL/6 mice. The animals were divided
into different groups to receive vehicle, GE at various dosage (1X−3X). Safety evaluation indicators includingorgans weight, serum chemistry, histology and micronucleus test. The anti-fatigue indicators such as forelimb grip
strength, swimming time to exhaustion, hepatic glycogen and serum levels of lactate. Our results showed that GE
dose at 1x−3x did not induce adverse effects on organ weight, serum biochemistry, and genotoxicity. Gross andmicroscopic histopathology of the organs revealed no toxicity effect of GE. On the other hand, the 2x−3x dose GE
supplementation significantly improve exercise performance (ex: grip strength and swimming endurance time) andmaintain hepatic glycogen contain when compared with the vehicle group. Taken together, these findings suggestthat that GE supplementation is safe for consumption and could improve physiological fatigue.
Keywords: goat extract, safety evaluation, physiological fatigue

852

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP8-13

No detrimental effect of repeated ovum pick-up (OPU) on
in vitro embryo production in Jersey cows
DS Kim1,2, JH Lee1, EJ Jeon1, JK Son1, MH Han1 and SS Hwang1
1

Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea, 2Department
of Applied Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea

A combination of ovum pick-up (OPU) and in vitro production (IVP) techniques could be a potential alternative to
traditional embryo production. The objective of this study was investigate the effect of repeated OPU treatments
on in vitro embryo production in Jersey cows. Total 6 Jersey cows were used as donors, and OPU were conducted
4-8 times with 15-30 day-interval from October 2021 to March 2022. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) wereobtained by ultrasonic-guided transvaginal oocyte aspiration. The intact COCs were selected, matured during
22h in maturation medium (MK IVM medium, MK Biotech, Daejeon, Korea), fertilized with sexing semen, andsubsequently cultured for 7 days in culture medium (MK IVC medium, MK Biotech, Daejeon, Korea). There wereno statistical differences among the number of collected COCs and embryos developed to blastocyst by an OPU
treatments. Although one cow was higher in the number of COCs, cleaved embryos, and blastocysts development (p< 0.05), there were no differences in the embryo development regardless of the number of OPU treatments. Basedon the results, it can be postulated that repeated OPU treatments doesn’t affect to quality of embryos originatedby OPU and combination of OPU and IVP is an useful method to produce a germplasm of superior origins or an
expansion of new varieties.
Keywords: in vitro development, jersey, ovum pick-up, repeated treatments

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP8-15

Lysophosphatidic acid potentiates nocodazole to induce
chemical enucleation of porcine oocytes
CF Tu1, CH Wong1, C Hsiao2, SH Peng1, HR Chang1 and YT Ju2
1

Agricultural Technology Institute Taiwan, Taiwan, 2National Taiwan University, Taiwan
cftu@mail.atri.org.tw

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a vital breeding technique, especially in gene editing; however, it remains
labor intensive and inefficiency. Demecolcine (Dem) and Nocdazole (Noc) have been used to assistant enucleationof MII oocytes to simplify the SCNT process. Lysophosphatidic Acid (LPA), a simple lipid containing a phosphategroup and fatty acid bound to glycerol moiety, act as ROCK activator to promote the actin formation duringmeiosis and embryonic mitosis. This study investigated the role of LPA to promote Noc to completely enucleate
oocysts without further suction. After 47-48 h IVM, porcine MII oocysts were treated with 3 µg/mL Noc plus 0,
10, 25, or 50 µM LPA and cultured for 1 h in D-PBS (without Ca2+ and Mg2+). Samples were then fixed and stainedwith fluoresce-labeled phalloidin to assess actin formation around the protruding meiosis nuclear and enucleatedoocysts. Result revealed that the 25 µM LPA gave the highest outcome (60.3± 6.2%) of completely enucleatedoocysts. Furthermore, the matured oocysts were treated with 3 µg/mL Noc with 25 µM LPA, then cultured in IVM
medium for 0, 1, 2 or 4 h fallowed by actin and α tubulins staining. The results revealed that tubulin, chromosomal
spindle, reappeared in 59.0 ± 21.1% oocysts, and 60.4± 5.1% oocysts remained completely enucleation at 1
h. Evidently, LPA could promote Noc for chemical enucleation of IVM porcine oocysts. Using Noc / LPA for
chemical enucleation might simplified the SCNT procedure once combined with directive microinjection the donor
cells.
Keywords: chemical enucleation, lysophosphatidic acid, nocodazole, somatic cell nuclear transfer.

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Animal Science Congress

PP8-17

Insect peptide CopA3 increases the cell viability that
decreased by heat stress in porcine muscle satellite cells
JE Lee1, JR Park2, JR Kim2, HS Choe2, DR Kang2 and KS Shim1,2
1

Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
dlwjddms0625@naver.com

Heat stress reduces muscle mass in porcine, and muscle satellite cells are a very important factor in muscle growth.
CopA3 in an anitimicrobial peptide derived from Copris tripartitus and it is known to promote the proliferation
by regulating the cell cycles. This study was conducted to investigate the heat stress alleviating effect of insect
derived peptide CopA3 in porcine muscle satellite cells. Satellite cells from 1 day old male pig were used andcultured at three different temperature (37℃, 39℃, and 41℃). To select the appropriate concentration of CopA3,
we evaluated the cytotoxicity and we select the 10 μg/mL. The cell viability was gradually decreased as thetemperature increased in non-CopA3 group. However, the addition of CopA3 increased the cell viability at all
temperature. In 37℃ and 41℃, treatment of CopA3 decreased the G0/G1 ratio and increased S phase. In addition,
the dead cells were significantly decreased in CopA3 treatment groups in all temperature. Therefore, CopA3
increased the cell viability of MSCs which decreased by heat stress and these results indicates heat stress relieving
effect of CopA3 in MSCs.
Keywords: insect peptide, heat stress, CopA3, proliferation, porcine, satellite cells				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP8-19Differential sensitivity to LPS influences the activationof TLR4 signaling pathway in THP-1 cells and PMAdifferentiated THP-1 cells
YK Kim and JH Hwang
Animal Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
youngkyu.kim@kitox.re.kr

Monocytes and macrophages differentiated from common myeloid progenitors carry out various crucial roles in
the innate immunity. LPS stimulation induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines through MAPKs and
NF-κB pathway in various cells. However, the difference in LPS sensitivity between monocytes and macrophages
is poorly understood. In this study, we found that pro-inflammatory cytokines-IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα showed
greater production in PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells than in THP-1 cells. To investigate the difference in cytokine
expression, the surface proteins such as TLR4-related proteins and -intracellular adaptor proteins including MyD88
were more conserved in PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells than in THP-1 cells. Moreover, MAPKs and NF-κB
pathway-related molecules showed higher activation in PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells than in THP-1 cells. Upon
MyD88 depletion, there was no significant change in the phosphorylation of MAPK pathway-related molecules.
Therefore, these results exhibit that the difference in LPS sensitivity between THP-1 cells and PMA-differentiatedTHP-1 cells results from differential between the activated MAPKs and NF-κB pathways via variation in theexpression of LPS-related receptors and MyD88.
Keywords: THP-1, TLR4, MyD88, MAPK856

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP8-21Ochratoxin A-mediated inflammation affects intestinal
barrier function via TLRs/MyD88 signaling in small
intestinal epithelial cells in pigs
JW Yoon1 and SI Lee1,21Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
kizx789@naver.com

The intestinal epithelium acts an important role in maintaining the host's physiological homeostasis, such as
nutrient absorption and the intestinal barrier. Mycotoxins found in agricultural products are one of the contaminants
that are a problem in the processing and storage of livestock feed. Ochratoxin A (OTA) produced by Aspergilus andPenicillium fungi affects reduced feed intake, growth, diarrhea, inflammatory response and intestinal dysfunction
in livestock including pigs. Nevertheless, studies on OTA-mediated toxicity in intestinal epithelium are still
deficient. The present study performed gene expression profiling to confirm molecular alterations to the toxicity of
OTA in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) as in vitro models. We identified 1,678 differentially expressed
genes (DEGs) and showed that these DEGs are involved in inflammatory responses, defense responses to Gramnegative bacterium and positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion in the GO and KEGG pathways. Based on these
data, we speculated that OTA may induce intestinal dysfunction via TLRs/MyD88 signaling. We confirmed thegene expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) for OTAmediated toxicity in intestinal epithelial cells. These data showed that OTA toxicity was associated with TLRs/
MyD88 signaling. In this study, we confirmed whether it affects the barrier function through MyD88 inhibition.
MyD88 inhibition improved the reduction of tight junctions and impaired barrier function by OTA. Taken together,
these results demonstrated that OTA regulated TLR and MyD88 signaling in IPEC-J2 and then induced impairmentof barrier function through tight junction reduction. Moreover, OTA-induced barrier dysfunction is alleviatedthrough MyD88 regulation.
Keywords: ochratoxin A, gene expression profiling, TLRs/MyD88 signaling, barrier function				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l857

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP8-23CRISPR/Cas9 mediated targeting of the cd163 gene inporcine embryos
MR Park, KB Oh, H Lee, TU Kwak, JY Lee and JH Lim
Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500 Kongjwipatjwi-ro,
Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Korea
mrpark45@korea.kr

Gene editing (GE) pig production can have a wide impact by providing more GE pigs for agriculture andbiomedicine. Recent applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system hold promise for improving the efficacy of genome
editing. Cytoplasmic microinjection of the CRISPR/Cas9 system enabled the induction of site specific mutationsin porcine zygotes. In this study, we examined the efficiency of Cas9 protein and cd163 gRNA components for
introduction into zygotes by cytoplasmic microinjection. The cleavage rates of the Cas9 protein and cd163 gRNA
injected groups (78.9% and 85.2%) were statistically similar to that of the control group (90.6%). Moreover, theblastocyst formation rates of the Cas9 protein and cd163 gRNA injected groups (19.9% and 19.6%) were also
statistically similar to that of the control group (21.5%). When individual blastocysts were genotyped, we observed
targeted modification of the genes in the subsequent blastocysts. In the 10 ng/uL each of Cas9 protein and cd163(10 + 134) gRNA injected group (22.7%) was significantly higher(p < 0.05) than that in the in the 10 ng/uL
each of Cas9 protein and cd163 (10) gRNA injected group (12.9%). Various types of indel mutations, including
4 bp deletion to 72 bp insertions, were detected in mutant blastocysts. These results suggest that CRISPR/Cas9
technology can be applied in generating GE pigs by direct zygote injection.
Keywords: CRISPR /Cas9 , porcine, blastocyst, cd163858

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP8-25Isolation and characterization of chicken primordial germ
cells derived from multi-embryonic gonads
H Yang, BR Lee, H Wi, S Kim, S Lee, J No, SK Jung, YJ Jo and SJ Byun
Animal Biotechnology Division, National Insitute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju-gun, Korea
yh0415@korea.kr

Chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) are widely used to make genetic modifications and delivery the materials
through germline. These PGCs are isolated from embryonic gonads (gonadal PGCs, gPGCs) and blood vessels(circulating PGCs). Here, we tried to establish the gPGCs culture system prepared from multi-embryonic gonads
with feeder cells culture system and investigate their characteristics regarding the expression of the chicken PGCsspecific protein and genetic markers with immunofluorescence and RT-PCR. The gPGCs were isolated from gonadof multi-embryos (2, 3, 5, and 10) at incubation of post 5.5-6 days in white leghorn fertile eggs. Co-culture of
the gPGCs derived from 2 (PGCs #1) and 5 embryos (PGCs #2) with feeder cells were stably maintained morethan 80 days and continuous proliferation of the PGCs #1 and #2 were successively observed, even after freezing
and thawing. Immunofluorescence confirmed the expression of SSEA-1, DAZL, and DDX4 proteins in thecells. In addition, they had the specific-expression of OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4, DAZL, and DDX4 genes.
In conclusion, chicken gPGCs derived from multi-embryos may be established under the co-culture system of
feeder cells, and the PGCs #1 and #2 were subjected to validate whether or not the cells can migrate into recipient
embryonic gonads in the next study.
Keywords: chicken, gonads, primordial germ cells, characterization

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PP8-27

Effect of Sargassum horneri containing
Fucoxanthin on laying hens
IS Ha1, SP Shin1, SE Kim1, GH Kim2, HJ Ryu2, KS Kang3 and TS Park1,2
1

Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun,Gangwon-do 25354, Korea, 2Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul
National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Korea, 3Shingu college,
Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13174, Korea
Insu0623@snu.ac.kr

Sargassum horneri , a type of brown algae, is washed-up along the shoreline and causes various problems on
ecological environment. It has a huge impact on the livelihood of fishermen such as clinging to fish farm nets,
causing fish and shellfish to die, or causing malfunctions by being wound around the screws of ships. However,Sargassum horneri shows antioxidant effects and physiologically active functions since it consists of various
biofunctioanl components such as fucoxanthin, fucoidan and alginic acids. Particularily, fucoxanthin which is oneof the pigments contained in brown algae and a type of carotenoid has antioxidant, anti-obesity, and anti-cancer
effects. In this study, we exmianed the effects of Sargassum horneri on egg-laying rate, egg weight, and mortality
rate in laying hens. Thus, it could be applicable as a feed additive to poulty industry.
Keywords: Sargassum horneri , fucoxanthin, anti-obesity, chickens

860

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Animal Science Congress

PP8-29Comparison of porcine skeletal muscle satellite
cell number isolated by two different methods,
grinding vs. hand mincing
BS Kim, YS Jo, HY Lim, HW Jung and SK Park
Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
bosung@sju.ac.kr

The purpose of this study was to compare the number of porcine muscle satellite cells isolated by two different
methods; hand mincing and grinding. Biceps femoris muscle (30g) was cut into small pieces, then minced
either by scissors or grinder. Minced samples were placed in 50 mL tubes and pronase was added. Following
the enzymatic digestion, tissue extracts were centrifuged, washed, resuspended with growth media containing
10% fetal bovine serum in DMEM., then frozen in a total volume of 1 mL together with different amounts of cellsuspension (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 1000 μL) plus freezing media. Frozen cells were thawed, seeded onto
T25 flasks and media was changed every other day for 10 d. On day 10, cells were harvested, stained with trypan
blue, and cell number was analyzed using a hemocytometer. Cell numbers of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 1,000
μL stock were 1.00 × 10⁴, 4.00 × 10⁴, 7.00 × 10⁴, 1.40 × 10⁵, 2.53 × 10⁶, and 5.90 × 10⁶, respectively, for hand
mincing method and 6.00 × 10³, 1.20 × 10⁴, 5.00 × 10⁴, 9.00 × 10⁴, 2.10 × 10⁶, and 5.20 × 10⁶ for grinding method.
Grinding method showed a better consistency in cell number as well as cell isolation efficiency compare to hand
mincing. Our current results suggest that the grinding method maybe be more suitable for muscle cell extraction,and future investigation is warranted for identifying further characteristics such as differentiation and related
molecular regulation mechanisms.
Keywords: hand mincing, grinding, cell culture, cell extraction				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP8-31Analysis of regulatory pathways in muscle ofmyostatin knock-out chickens
SE Kim1, GH Kim2, HJ Ryu2, SP Shin1, IS Ha1, BC Park1,2 and TS Park1,2
1

Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun,Gangwon-do 25354, Korea, 2Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul
National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Korea
kse517@snu.ac.kr, wldms3748@snu.ac.kr, rue970430@snu.ac.kr

Myostatin (MSTN, also known as growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8)) is one of the invaluable economic traitrelated genes in the livestock industry. As a negative regulator of muscle development, MSTN is mainly expressedin skeletal muscle and plays a crucial practical role for muscle growth and differentiation in livestock. Recently,
we generated MSTN knockout chickens mediated by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-Cas9 technical platform. Thus, in this study, we conducted mRNA next-generation sequencing (NGS)
to compare the global gene expression patterns between three different muscles of wild and MSTN knockoutchickens. Subsequently, we identified the different gene expression changes and could provide information on
MSTN-related signalings and regulatory pathways. These informative results could be applied to improve thegrowth and economic traits in the poultry industry.
Keywords: myostatin, CRISPR-Cas9, genome editing, chicken, skeletal muscle growth862

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP8-33Development of rapid kit based on CRISPR-Cas13 system
for BVD virus detection
SE Hwang, YS Lee, JY Lee, SJ Hong, HY Lim and HD Hwang
Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea
seun5798@naver.com

Over the past 10 years, Calf diarrhea have occurred frequently causing economic losses for farmers. BVD(Bovine Viral Diarrhea) virus is a positive-sense single-strand ribonucleic acid that belongs to genus Pestivirus
of family Flaviviridae . The disease causes multiple clinical symptoms in the respiratory system, digestive tract,
and reproductive system. At present, there are many methods of detection for BVD virus, including serum
neutralization test, immunohistochemical method, ELISA, and RT-PCR. These traditional diagnostic methods
have limitations because time consuming assays that require costly equipment. Clustered regularly interspaced
short palindromic repeats-Cas systems have been used for detecting virus. A sensitive and specific detection for
BVD virus is advantageous to control the spread of infection. Therefore, the aim of study was to develop rapid kit
based on CRISPR-Cas13 system for BVD virus detection. The sequence of BVD virus were extracted from NCBI
(NC_001461.1) and then 5'UTR regions, which used as a standard detection, were selected. crRNA was designed
using cas13design program. The expression and purification of LwCas13a protein was optimized MDBK cells
were infected and incubated with BVD virus, and then viral RNA extraction. For point-of-care detection of virus,
CRISPR-Cas13 system compatible with the paper-based strip was verified by collateral cleavage activity. Finally,
it is evaluated for BVD virus by combining the previously obtained crRNA, Cas13a protein into paper strip basedon colorimetric assay. In conclusion, the CRISPR-Cas13 system based on sensitive, specific, and nucleic aciddetection are optimal system for early point-of-care diagnosis of virus.
Keywords: bovine viral diarrhea virus, CRISPR-Cas13 system, point-of-care diagnostic, Korean native cattle				

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PP8-35Single cell RNA sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) cells from pigs with the JA142 strain of porcine
reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)Sunirmal Sheet1, Byeonghwi Lim2, Seung-Chai Kim3, Choi-Kyu Park4, Jun-Mo Kim2,
Won-Il Kim3, Kyung-Tai Lee1 and Jae-Hwan Kim1
1

Animal Genome and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365,
Korea, 2Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong Gyeonggido, 17546, Korea, 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University,
Iksan Jeollabuk-do, 54596, Korea, 4College of Veterinary Medicine,
Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
sunirmal.micro@gmail.com

Respiratory immune characteristics associated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) severityin pig are currently unclear. Here, we performed a large-scale, high-dimensional analysis of the immunologicallandscape in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells from piglet model of PRRS exacerbation using single-cell
RNA deep sequencing. The study included a virulent PRRSV strain, JA142 and four weeks old twelve piglets (n= 12). Piglets were infected with JA142 virulent strain and retained for up to 21 days post infection (dpi). BALF
samples were collected at three, seven, 14, and 21 dpi from pigs of each group including control. Following BALF
samples preparation, single-cell library preparation, sequencing and data analysis were executed. A total of 15,729 (3dpi), 11,386 (7 dpi), 7,707 (14 dpi), and 6,675 (21 dpi) cells were obtained for JA142 infected group and analyzed
by scRNA-seq. In results, 13 distinct clusters of cells for 3 and 7 dpi groups, 18 distinct clusters of cells for 14 dpi
group, and 16 distinct clusters of cells for 21 dpi group were identified, further identified as heterogeneous clustersof BALF macrophages (CD68, MSR1 , and CD163 ), monocytes (S100A8 , and CD14 ), epithelial cells (TPPP3 ) andT cells (CD3E ). The DEGs among clusters of cells was discovered. Detailed cellular Profiling and GSEA of eachcluster will be carried out in our subsequent study. This study hence expands our knowledge on pig BALF immune
cell populations, paves the way for the investigation at single-cell level of lower respiratory diseases in pig.
Keywords: PRRS, BALF, single-cell RNA deep sequencing, pig, JA142864

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP8-37

Oropharyngeal, proximal colonic, and vaginal microbiomesof Korean native black pig gilts
Ki-Duk Song1,2, Andrew Wange Bugenyi2, Jae-Young Heo1 and Hak-Kyo Lee1,21Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Department ofAgricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
kiduk.song@jbnu.ac.kr

The objective of this study is to define in detail the oropharyngeal, proximal colonic and vaginal microbiomeof a Korean native breed of pigs, also called the Jeju Black Pigs (JBP). We used the 16S ribosomal RNA genesequencing technique to explore the microbiome in the oropharynx, proximal colon, and vagina canal of nine
7-month-old JBP gilts. Their oropharyngeal communities were dominated by Proteobacteria , Bacteroidetes ,Fusobacteria and Firmicutes . These phyla contributed a set of core features from 25 genera amongst themselves.
In the proximal colon, the community had a core of features from 20 genera predominantly contributed by
the phyla, Firmicutes , and Bacteroidetes . The vaginal communities of the native black pigs were surprisingly
dominated by Bacteroidetes unlike other breed of domestic pigs. The core vaginal community consisted of featuresfrom 17 genera from the phyla Bacteroidetes , Firmicutes, Proteobacteria , and Fusobacteria . Our study revealed“core” microbial members of these 3 body sites representative of three body systems (respiratory, digestive, andreproductive systems) in this Korean native breed of pigs. We also report on the ubiquitous members of thesecommunities across the pig’s body. This is the in-depth study of the Korean native pig’s microbiome and therefore
provides a reference for future microbial-based swine health and productivity enhancement interventions.
Keywords: three body systems, core microbiome, jeju black pigs

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PP8-39The effect of L-carnitine on proliferation and differentiationof bovine satellite cells isolated from Hanwoo longissimus
dorsi and semimembranosus muscle
DH Kang1, BH Park1, HB Lee2 and KY Chung1
1

Korea National University of Agriculutre and Fisheries, Jeonju, Korea,
2
Pathway Intermediates, Seoul, Korea
dhkang1208@gmail.com

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of L-carnitine on the proliferation and differentiation of bovine
satellite cells (BSC) isolated from Hanwoo longissimus dorsi (LD) and semimembranosus muscle (SM). Three
individual × 3 repetitions were used experimental design to verify the effectiveness of L-carnitine. 2 × 104 cells
were seeded in 12 well plates and maintained with DMEM + 10% FBS medium. Concentration was treatedwith control, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 100 μM in each well, and the number of cells was measured on days 1, 2, and3 to confirm the characteristics of cell proliferation. Cell differentiation was induced using DMEM + 3% HS
medium, and the myotube size was measured after staining with Hematoxylin on the 3rd day of differentiation.
The proliferation of LD and SM days 1-3 all treatment groups increased numerically, but there was no significant
difference (p > 0.05). The results showed a significant effect on proliferation in LD rather than SM (p = 0.031). As
a result of this study, L-carnitine enhance BSC proliferation in 3 days after seeding and 100 μM concentration has
greater performance than other concentration. L-carnitine has greater differentiation effect at LD BSC than those of
SM BSC.
Keywords: bovine satellite cell, Hanwoo, L-carnitine, proliferation

866

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP8-41

Comprehensive transcriptome analyses of liver andmuscle of the Ogye chickens
Palaniselvam Kuppusamy1, Jae-Young Heo1 and Ki-Duk Song1,2
1

Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 2Department ofAgricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
kpalaselvamsmailbox@rediffmail.com

In this study, we performed RNA-sequencing analyses of muscles and livers of Ogye chickens as well as those ofCornish chickens to reveal transcriptional mechanisms underlying the growth differences between two chickenlines. We collected thigh muscle and liver from Ogye and Cornish chickens aged 5 and 10 weeks and performed
pair-end RNA-sequencings data using illumine NovaSeq 6,000 after library construction with read length 101bp.
After quality control using FastQC (v0.11.8) and Trimmomatic (V.0.39), sequence reads were aligned to GRCg6achicken reference with HISAT2, and counted using FeatureCount. EdgeR was used for normalization and analysis
for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). DAVID was used for bioinformatics analysis, i.e., gene ontology andpathway analysis. In Ogye liver, we found 12,781 DEGs (upregulation: 6,894 genes, downregulation: 5,887 genes),
while in Ogye muscle, we found 13,428 DEGs (upregulation: 13,112, downregulation: 316 genes). According
to bioinformatics analysis, the most enriched gene ontology (GO) of biological process (BP) in Ogye liver is
GO:0006952 (defense response), and the most enriched molecular function (MF) is GO:0003713 (transcription
coactivator activity). GO:0055010 (ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis) is the most enriched gene
GO of BP in Ogye muscle, whereas GO:0003774 (motor activity) is the most enriched molecular function (MF) in
Ogye muscle. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that gga04145 (Phagosome) and gga04261 (Adrenergic signaling
in cardiomyocytes) were significantly enriched in Ogye chicken liver and muscle, respectively. Further research isneeded to validate DEG differential expression and reveal DEG function, which will provide invaluable genomic
resources for Ogye chicken improvement.
Keywords: cornish, ogye, livers, muscles, transcriptomes				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP8-43

Analyzing immune rejection in meniscus
xenotransplantation using normal and triple
knockout Jeju Native pigs
Seungwon Yoon1,2, Yunhui Min2, Chungyu Park1, Dahye Kim3, Yunji Heo4, Mangeun Kim2,
Young-Ok Son2,4 and Chang-Gi Hur1,2
1

Cronex Co. Ltd., Jeju-si 63078, Korea, 2Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced
Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea, 3Divisionof Animal Genetics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55465,
Korea, 4Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life
Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea
swyoon@jejunu.ac.kr

Xenogeneic organ transplantation using pig organs has been attempted to overcome the imbalance between thedonor and waiting recipients. However, immune rejection by xenogeneic organs damages the donor tissue andthreatens the recipient's life. This study evaluates the immune cells infiltrating the xenogeneic pig tissue implanted
subcutaneously in mice. Also, we compared the biocompatibility between the normal meniscus of Jeju native black
pig and the TKO meniscus that removed porcine GGTA1, CMAH, and β4GLANT2 gene, which are known as the
enzymes to synthesize the epitopes caused immune-rejection, by the CRISPR-Cas 9. Each meniscus was cut into
pieces and implanted subcutaneously in Balb/c mice for three weeks. After excising the skin, the infiltration of
immune cells was evaluated by tissue staining and immunohistochemistry. In histological analysis, large amountsof mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages were infiltrated along the boundary of the implant in thenormal Jeju native black pigs. However, the immune cell infiltration was attenuated in TKO meniscus implanted
mice. In addition, the difference in immune cell infiltration between TKO and normal meniscus implant was asignificant difference (p < 0.05). Note that there was no significant difference in the cytokine levels in the blood
associated with systemic immune rejection. In summary, the subcutaneously implanted meniscus caused theinfiltration of innate immune cells, but it did not induce an acute immune rejection response. Further, removing the
epitopes by gene editing could improve biocompatibility.
Keywords: xenotransplantation, CRISPR, meniscus, immunoresponse

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Animal Science Congress

PP8-45

Protective effects of functional feed additives on oxidative
stress induced chicken intestinal epithelial cells
HW Kim, SY Lee, SJ Hur, DY Kil and JH Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
mrdgj7@cau.ac.kr

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of functional feed additives on oxidative
stress induced chicken intestinal epithelial cells (cIEC). The cIECs isolated from specific pathogen free egg.
Cells were exposed to 0 mM supplement (control), 20 mM threonine, 0.4 mM tryptophan, 1 mM glycine, 10 μM
vitamin C, 40 μM vitamin E, 5 μM vitamin A, 34 μM chromium, 0.42 μM selenium, and 50 μM zinc for 24 h with
6 replicates for each treatment. After 24 h, cells were further incubated with fresh culture medium (PC) or 1 mM
H2O2 with different supplements (NC and each treatment). Oxidative stress was measured by cell proliferation,tight junction barrier function was analyzed by FITC-dextran permeability and transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER). Results indicated that NC was less (p < 0.05) the survival of cells than PC and there were protective effectof functional feed materials. Membrane permeability for NC was greater (p < 0.05) than PC and functional feedmaterials. In addition, NC was less (p < 0.05) TEER values than PC and functional feed materials. Especially,
amino acids were greatest (p < 0.05) surviability and TEER values, which were least (p < 0.05) membrane
permeability. In conclusion, amino acid supplements were effective in improving antioxidant capacity andintestinal barrier function of cIEC by oxidative stress. In addition, this integrated model can be used as an in vitro
tool to screen different feed additives.
Keywords: chicken intestinal epithelial cell, functional feed additive, oxidative stress, tight junction				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP8-47

Enhanced paracrine and migratory efficacy of canine
adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(cA-MSCs) by IFN-γ treatment
Hayeon Wi, Poongyeon Lee, Bo-Ram Lee, Seunghoon Lee, Seokho Kim and Sun A Ock
Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea
Why7829@korea.kr

Recently, MSCs treatments are being applied to various diseases such as autoimmune disease and arthritis indogs. The major challenge in MSCs therapy is to maximize therapeutic effects of MSCs by pretreatment using
cytokine. IFN-γ is a cytokine produced by the immune system of the body in response to various infections andplays important role in maintaining normal immune response. In this study, we sought to examine the effect ofIFN-γ stimulation on the therapeutic efficacy of canine adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (cA-MSCs). We
treated cA-MSCs with IFN-γ (50 ng/mL) for 48 hours and used wild type cA-MSCs (without IFN-γ stimulation) as
a negative control. Expression of anti-inflammatory and exosome biogenesis-related genes were detected by qRTPCR. Homing ability of cA-MSCs was analyzed by migration assay using trans-well. As a result, IFN-γ treatment
significantly enhanced expression levels of anti-inflammatory gene (PTGES ) and various growth factors (BDNF
and HGF ). Consistently, expression levels of exosome biogenesis pathway genes (ALIX, RAB5A and RAB7A)
were increased compared to a negative control. Additionally, we confirmed that IFN-γ treated cA-MSCs moved
more toward to bottom of trans-well compared to a negative control, suggesting that INF-γ treatment enhanced
migratory capacity of cA-MSCs. Taken together, these results suggest that, treatment of INF-γ stimulated paracrine
effects and the migratory ability of cA-MSCs. In conclusion, endogenous stimulation by INF-γ treatment mightenhance the therapeutic efficacy and beneficial function of cA-MSCs.
Keywords: canine mesenchymal stem cells, cell therapy, IFN-γ, MSCs
This work was supported by the Cooperative Research Program of the Center for Companion Animal Research(Grant number PJ01559602) of the National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Korea.

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP8-49Effects of ammonium sulfate andammonium nitrate in sperm function
EG Kim and MO Kim
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology of Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si,
Korea
wjddn5460@naver.com

Particulate matter (PM) is one of the components of air pollution. PM has adversely effects to human and animal
health. PM is consisted of diverse components such as elemental carbons, heavy metals, organic componds andmicroorganisms. Previous study reported that ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate increased the levelof inflammation response and caused damages to lung tissues. Especially, it was confirmed that ammonium
sulfate and ammonium nitrate adversely affects development and occurrence. However, detailed study has notbeen confirmed about the effects of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate on sperm. Therefore, this study
demonstrated the effects of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate on sperm. Various sperm functions were
evaluated by separating before and after capacitation of sperm to perform a detailed evaluation of reproductive
toxicity after inhalation of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate. We have confirmed that ammonium sulfate
and ammonium nitrate significantly reduces sperm motility and the number of fertilizable sperms compared tonormal sperms. We confirmed PKA activity and tyrosine phosphorylation associated with sperm motility. As aresult, it was showed that PKA activity and tyrosine phosphorylation were increased by inhalation of ammonium
sulfate and ammonium nitrate. Therefore, this study suggest that ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate may
was male reproductive toxicity in humans and animals.
Keywords: ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, capacitation, reproductive toxicity

This research was supported by 2021 Kyungpook National University BK21 FOUR Graduate Innovation Project(International Joint Research Project for Graduate Students).

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PP8-51

Silymarin complemented with an herbal medicine,gunreyngtang attenuates the hepatic lipid accumulation
signaling pathway induced by the oleic acid
Si-On Song and Sei-Jung Lee
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea
sionsong4341@dhu.ac.kr

Silymarin (SM), a flavonolignans extracted from the milk thistle Silybum marianum (L.) gaernt, has been shown
to possess various pharmacological activity on liver diseases, but a study on pharmaceutical combination therapy
achieved by complementation with herbal medicine has yet to be well studied. In the present study, we investigate
the role of SM complemented with Gunreyngtang (GRT) during the hepatic lipid accumulation induced by an oleic
acid (OA). OA significantly induced the accumulation of lipid droplets in a human hepatocyte cell line HepG2. The
hepatic steatosis caused by OA significantly reduced by treatment with 30 μg/mL of SM complemented with 1 mg/
mL of GRT, which had shown 2-fold higher anti-hepatic steatosis activity than SM alone. The co-treatment of SMwith GRT inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mediated by intracellular
ROS in OA-treated HepG2 cells. Interestingly, the combination of SM and GRT significantly restored the abnormal
expression of lipogenic genes such as FAS, ACC-1 and SCD-1 as regulated by the phosphorylation of transcription
factor peroxisome proliferator-activated γ (PPARγ). These results indicate that the SM complemented with GRT isfunctional agent for pharmaceutical combination therapy in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Keywords: silymarin, gunreyngtang, HepG2, lipogenesis872

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP8-53Silymarin and Zedoariae rhizoma synergistically inhibit
protein kinase c signaling pathway responsible for
apoptotic cell death induced byethanol in human hepatocytes
Eun-Ju Kim, Do-wan Kim, Seung-Hwan Chang and Sei-Jung Lee
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea
2476928@dhu.ac.kr

Zedoariae rhizoma (ZR) has been traditionally used as a Korean herbal medicine to treat inflammatory diseases
and atherosclerosis. Silymarin (SM) is a bioactive component of Silybum marianum used in a hepatoprotective
agent. In the present study, we have investigated the synergistic effect of SM and ZR during the apoptotic cell
death induced by ethanol in human hepatocytes HepG2 cells. An ethanol significantly decreased the viabilityof hepatocytes by 37.34% at 700 mM for 24 h. The hepatotoxicity induced by ethanol markedly recovered by
11.98% and 20.74% after treatment with 5 μg/mL of SM and 0.1 μg/mL of ZR, respectively. Interestingly, the SMcomplemented with ZR has 2-fold higher hepatoprotective activity than the SM alone. Co-treatment with SM and
ZR inhibited the phosphorylation of protein kinase C responsible for the activation of mitogen-activated protein
kinase in HepG2 cells treated with the ethanol. Moreover, we found that SM and ZR synergistically inhibits theactivation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), which is responsible for the expression levels of apoptosis related
proteins (Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3) in ethanol-treated HepG2 cells. Collectively, these results suggest that
the SM complemented with ZR efficiently inhibits the ethanol signaling pathway responsible for apoptotic cell
death in human hepatocytes.
Keywords: Zedoariae rhizoma , silymarin, ethanol, hepatocytes				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l873

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP8-55

Effect of α-tocopherol on cadmium-induced oxidative
stress in skeletal muscle of Sprague-Dawley rats
NE Yang, MJ Kim, YS Moon, IS Jang and HW Kim
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
yangna3699@gnu.ac.kr

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that causes oxidative stress in animal organs and muscle tissues. In thisregard, little is known about the antioxidant effect of α-tocopherol supplementation on Cd-induced oxidative stressin skeletal muscle. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the oral administrationof CdCl 2 and α-tocopherol on the oxidative stress and growth performance of skeletal muscle (Musculus

gastrocnemius ) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Six-week-old healthy Sprague-Dawley male rats (n = 7/group) were
weighed and randomly assigned into four groups; control, Cd group, Cd and 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA)
group, and Cd and α-tocopherol. The oral administration of suspended CdCl2 (20 mg/kg/day), DMSA (20 mg/kg/day), and/or α-tocopherol (20 mg/kg/day) were daily performed for 2 weeks. The tissue samples were harvested,weighed, and used to determine Cd content, 2-thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), and superoxide
dismutase (SOD) activity. The Cd group had a lower final body weight than the control group (p < 0.05), but theadministration of DMSA or α-tocopherol could alleviate the negative impact. Although the higher Cd content
of muscle tissue was observed for Cd, Cd+DMSA, and Cd+α-tocopherol groups than control (p < 0.05), there
were no significant differences in the TBARS value and SOD activity of muscle tissue between the control andthe treatment groups. These results may indicate that the accumulation of Cd could inhibit body weight gain andmuscle growth and imply that the supplementation of α-tocopherol could potentially have a protective effectagainst the Cd-induced oxidative stress.
Keywords: cadmium, lipid oxidation, myogenesis, toxic heavy metal874

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Animal Science Congress

PP8-57The microbiome–transcriptome-metabolome integration
analysis in the piglet gut during the weaning transition
C Lim, YJ Seo and JM Kim
Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
dlacldnd@cau.ac.kr

Weaning in the piglet is a stressful event associated with gastrointestinal disorders and increased diseasesusceptibility. Specifically, it induced an imbalance in the gut where nutrient digestion and absorption, hostmetabolism and energy production, and barrier function and mucosal immune mechanisms are a major role. Pigs
coexist with a diverse and dense commensal microbiota in their gastrointestinal tract. Most of these microbes
are beneficial, providing necessary nutrients or protection against harmful pathogens for the host. A total of 12
crossbred piglets, 6 male and 6 female, with an average initial body weight (BW) of 9.8 ± 0.5 kg and weaned at
28 days of age, were sorted by litter, sex, and weight. RNA-seq was performed by sampling the ileal mucosa,
mesenteric lymph node, and thyroids of 6 weaned pigs, respectively, at 28 and 42 days of age. Ileum was selected
for metabolite analysis. In addition, 16s rRNA was performed for the microbiome analysis of the ileum at 28 and
42 days, and feces from 35 days to 42 days were sampled to see the changes in the microbiome of the feces. These
multi-omics results provide new insights into the gut microbiome and its contribution to weaning stress. The top
5 significantly enriched categories were terms associated with immune response used by differentially expressed
genes. We identified the phylum Bacteroides associated with the carbohydrate metabolic pathway, the genus
Lactobacillus associated with the amino acid metabolic pathway. These results provide new insights into the gut
microbiome and its contribution to weaning stress.
Keywords: metabolome, microbiome, weaning pig, multi omics integrative analysis

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PP9-1

Telomere length genetics: biomarker of early age metabolic
activities and oxidative impact in broiler chicken(Gallus gallus domesticus)
Kazeem Ajasa Badmus1, Zulkifli Idrus2, Yong Meng Goh3 and Kamalludin Mamat-Hamidi2
1

Department of Animal Science Federal University Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria, 2Department of
Animal Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, 3Department of Veterinary PreClinical Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
alqalsiminternational@yahoo.com

This study was aimed at evaluating the roles played by early age in performance, organs weights, meat quality
traits and telomere length integrity. One hundred male Cobb 500® broiler chicken were grouped into ten replicatesof ten chicken each. Growth performance, measurement of telomere length, weights of organs and meat quality
traits were determined on days 14, 28 and 42 of the experiment. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences
obtained in the chicken growth performance across age. Telomere length of blood, muscle, liver and heart on day
14 were significantly (p < 0.05) shorter than telomere length obtained on days 28 and 42 of the age. Weights oforgans on day 14 was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those obtained on days 28 and 42. In this study, birds
slaughtered on day 14 presented highest (p < 0.05) pH, drip loss, redness and yellowness. They however showed
lower (p < 0.05) cooking loss, shear force and lightness. There were significant association between age, telomere
length and meat quality traits. It is therefore concluded that telomere length attrition is associated with early age
metabolic activities and could be used measure chicks welfare.
Keywords: age, telomere length, organ weights, meat quality876

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-3

Association of MUC4 g.243A>G polymorphism withproduction performance of Landrace and Yorkshire pigs in
the tropics: the case of Vietnam
DD Luc1, NH Thinh1, HX Bo1, DT Phuong2, PT Tuoi3, VD Ton1 and F Farnir4
1

Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2Sunjin Vina Co., Ltd – Ha Nam
Branch, Ha Nam, Vietnam, 3Hong Duc University, Thanh Hoa, Vietnam,
4
University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
ddluc@vnua.edu.vn

The mucin 4 (MUC4 ) is a candidate gene for controlling the adhesion of Escherichia coli F4 receptor. The
polymorphisms of MUC4 gene have been used as markers to identify the susceptibility of animal for breeding
selection. Selection based on this gene to improve disease resistant should have negative effect on other importanteconomic traits. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of MUC4 g.243A > G polymorphismwith production traits of Landrace and Yorkshire pigs under tropical conditions. A total of 1057 Landrace and 1361
Yorkshire piglets were used to estimate allelic and genotypic frequencies of this polymorphism. Body weights
at birth (BWB, n = 2,418), at weaning (BWW, n = 2,252), at initial (IBW, n = 1,671); and at the end of fattening
period, body weight (FBW, n = 1,135), backfat thickness (BFT, n = 1,135), depth of longissimus dorsi (DLD, n =1,135) were measured and lean meat percentage (LMP, n = 1,135) was estimated. Frequency of susceptibility allele
A to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was higher than resistance allele G for both breeds. Three genotypes(AA, AG, and GG) were presented in Yorkshire while GG was not found in Landrace. The production traits were
not affected (p > 0.05) by MUC4 polymorphism except BFT and DLD (p < 0.05). There were interactions between
gender and MUC4 genotype (p < 0.05) for IBW, FBW, ADG and DLD. These traits of GG males were significantly
higher than those of GG females (p < 0.05). The results suggest that GG genotype of MUC4, known as resistanceto ETEC, did not negatively effect on productive performance in Landrace and Yorkshire pigs.
Keywords: swine, growth, polymorphisms, diarrhea resistant				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l877

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-5

Detecting the roan factor of pigs using asimple molecular marker
HA Kim, MC Shin, JH Yoo, YJ Kang, SG Kim, SY Kim, BC Yang and IC Cho
Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Jeju, Korea
Kha2020@korea.kr

The coat color is one of the first phenotypic traits and it is probably the most pioneering research topic in genetics
studies. To develop an analysis technology of color factor, 1,373 SNPs from Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)
data in the crossbred population between Landrace and Jeju native black pig (JNBP) were extracted and also SNPnear the KIT (41 Mb) known as the causative gene of roan color were selected. Three genotypes were detected
through PCR-Pyrosequencing. We found the frequency of the AA genotype was 0.824 (14 pigs) and the frequencyof the AT genotypes was 0.176 (3 pigs) in the 17 landraces with full white color. On the other hand, only the AA
genotype was identified in colored pigs such as JNBP, Duroc and Berkshire. Since there is no difference in colored
breeds, this molecular marker can be used to simply distinguish whether or not the color factor in white pigs. The
genotype of AA refers to the dominant white pig which is completely fixed, the genotype of AT is heterozygote but
the phenotype is the white color. The TT genotype can be elucidated as white pigs with pigment spots. The present
study will help completely fix the phenotype of full-white coat color by excluding the roan color factor in the whitepig.
Keywords: coat color, roan, KIT, pigs

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-7

Using high-density array to analyze the genetic structure of
Taiwan commercial pig pop-ulations
YW Hsiao1, PH Wang2 and CS Chang1
1

Department of Animal Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Department of Animal
Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
cuteya.hsiao@gmail.com

Pig (Sus domesticus ) is one of the most important economic animals in the world. In Taiwan, the commercial
pig populations can be divided into imported and native breeds, the major imported are including Landrace,Yorkshire, Duroc, Berkshire, etc., and the native populations are including Taoyuan, Lanyu, Taiwan black pig,
etc. Among various kinds of pig breeds, the pork retail price of the Taiwan black pig is higher than others in the
Taiwan pork market (D × Y × L pig), because of the better pork quality. There may be doubts about unscrupulous
vendors using DYL pork to impersonate Taiwan black pig’s pork for better profit. In addition, the genetic dataand genetic structure of Taiwan's native pig breeds are still lacking, the aim of this study is to analyze the genetic
structure of Taiwan commercial pig populations by high-density SNP array. We collected 245 individuals from
8 pig populations, and the gDNA was extracted for genotyping by Axiom™ Porcine Genotyping Array (Thermo
Fisher) with genome analysis. The results of PCA plot showed the 640 K SNP array could be effectively groupedby different pig populations. Therefore, the whole genome data could provide more information about different
pig populations and be used for the identification Taiwan pig populations. We expected that candidate SNPs canbe selected for pig breed certification in the future, which can effectively avoid the impersonation problem of DYL
pork and Taiwan black pig’s pork, and protect the rights of consumers and producers.
Keywords: high-density array, population genetics stucture, Taiwan commercial pig populations

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-9

Development of the new synthetic Korean native
commercial chicken
KB Shin, EJ Cho, KG Kim, BG Kim, SG Lee, SH Lee and SH Sohn
GyeongSang National University, Jinju, Korea
shsohn@gnu.ac.kr

In this study, we performed a cross-combination test using offspring from two paternal and five maternal parent
stock lines to produce a new synthetic breed of Korean native commercial chickens. The survival rate, bodyweight, feed intake, and feed efficiency were measured for 10 crosses, with 837 Hanhyup-3 chickens used asa control. Most chickens had brown-based feathers, and there was little difference in color phenotypes amongcombinations. The average survival rate of the combinations was 94.9%, which was significantly different fromthat of Hanhyup-3 at 75.3% (p < 0.01). There was significant differences in body weight among the combinations
at all weeks of age (p < 0.01). At 10 weeks of age, the FHHY combination was the heaviest with 2,300 g, while
the weight of Hanhyup-3 was 1,922 g. In addition, the weight difference between the male and female chickens
was 458 g. As a result of regression analysis, the duration needed to reach 1.9 kg was about 61 days for the
FHFY, FHHY, and HFFY combinations, and 70 days for Hanhyup-3, exhibiting a 9-day difference. The average
feed conversion ratio of the combinations until 10 weeks was 2.42, which was significantly different from that ofHanhyup-3 at 2.97 (p < 0.01). In conclusion, FHHY, FHFY, and HFFY were determined to be the best new breed
combinations based on production capacity. When these combinations are used as new commercial breeds, they are
expected to increase the average weight by 18% and improve feed efficiency by 19%, as compared to the existing
Hanhyup-3 breed.
Keywords: Korean native commercial chicken, crossbreeding-combination, body weight, feed efficiency

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-11Analysis of telomere content and immune-related gene
expression levels according to age
in Korean native chickens
SG Lee, EJ Cho, KG Kim, BG Kim, KB Shin, SH Lee and SH Sohn
GyeongSang National University, Jinju, Korea
shsohn@gnu.ac.kr

This study was conducted to investigate the telomere content and the immune-related gene expression levels
according to the age of Korean native chickens. We analyzed the amount of telomeric DNA and expression levelsof immune-related genes such as MHC class II, IgA, TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β1, and IFN-γ for 5 females of 10-weekold and 20-week-old Hwanggalsaek Jaerae-jong Korean native chicken breed. The amount of telomeric DNA was
analyzed by quantitative fluorescent in situ hybridization, and m-RNA expression levels of immune-related genes
were analyzed by Q-PCR. Results showed that the telomeric DNA content decreased with increasing age. While,the expression levels of almost all immune-related genes increased with increasing age. In particular, TGF-β1,
MHC class II, and IFN-γ gene expression levels were significantly increased. In the correlation analysis between
immune gene expression levels, a highly positive correlation was shown between IgA and IL-6, IL-6 and TNF-α,
and TNF-α and IFN-γ gene expression level. In conclusion, telomeres decrease with increasing age of chickens,which reduces the physiological activity of the individual, but maintains immune homeostasis by increasing theexpression level of immune-related genes.
Keywords: chicken, immune, telomere, homeostasis

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PP9-13

Estimation of combining ability of production traits fromdiallel crosses of Korean native chickens todevelop a new synthetic layer
KG Kim, EJ Cho, BG Kim, KB Shin, SG Lee, SH Lee and SH Sohn
GyeongSang National University, Jinju, Korea
shsohn@gnu.ac.kr

This study was conducted to develop a new Korean native chicken layers. The combining abilities for production
traits were estimated on 1,253 hens, which designed by 6 diallel crosses of grand parent stock lines of Koren
native chickens. Body weight, survival rate, egg weight, hen-house egg production were measured and analyzed.
The results showed that the general combining ability (GCA) of the survival rate from 16 to 32 weeks of age
was estimated −10.8 to 10.4. The FK combination was the highest in specific combining ability (SCA), and the
YD combination was the hightest in mean value. The GCA and SCA of body weight at 20 weeks were estimatedsimilar, and the SD combination was the highest in mean value. The GCA of egg weight was the highest in F
strain, and the DF combination was the highest in mean value. In terms of egg weight, GCA showed a greater
effect than SCA. For hen-houes egg production, SCA showed a greater effect than GCA. The CK combination
was the highest in SCA and mean value. Base on survival rate and laying performance, it is concluded that the YC
and YD combinations are the most desirable paternal parent stocks, and CF and CK combinations are the mostdesirable maternal parent stocks.
Keywords: Korean native chicken, combining ability, egg production performance882

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-15

Application of deep learning with bivariate models forgenomic prediction of sow lifetime productivity traits
JK Hong, HS Seong, ES Cho, YS Kim and SJ Sa
Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan, Korea
john8604@korea.kr

Enhancement of sow lifetime productivity (SLP) is expected to increase farm profitability profoundly. The pig
breeders should obtain the genetic information of candidate pigs, however, they cannot have phenotypes at thetime of selection for traits related with SLP. Genomic information data interpreted with artificial neural networks(ANN) algorithms would be expected to be very useful to overcome the obstacle. The aim of this study is toanalyze the usefulness of ANN for SLP traits such as lifetime number of litters (LNL), and lifetime pig production(LPP) for genomic prediction. Two bivariate ANN models, which are convolutional neural network (CNN) andlocal convolutional neural network (LCNN), were compared to conventional bivariate linear models, which are
genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP), Bayesian ridge regression (BRR), Bayes A, and Bayes B.
Phenotypic data were obtained from 40,011 sows with pedigree and husbandry records. Among them, 3,652 pigs
were genotyped using the PorcineSNP60K BeadChip. The best predictive correlation for LNL was obtained with
CNN (0.28), followed by LCNN (0.26) and conventional linear models (~0.21). As for LPP, the best predictive
correlation was also obtained with CNN (0.29), followed by LCNN (0.27) and conventional linear models (~0.25).
Our results show that CNN is a robust method for the prediction of SLP traits.
Keywords: pig, deep learning, neural networks, sow lifetime productivity

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PP9-17GWAS of total 54 carcass traits in the commercial
crossbred pig population with breed partitioning
SH Lee, CG Dang, MN Park and SS Lee
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea
lhyungm@korea.kr

Commercial crossbred pigs (F2 of terminal sire Duroc and F1 of Landrace and Yorkshire) are the primary providersof the Korean pig market. They are distributed as 7 primal and 25 sub-primal cuts in the market, and these carcass
traits should be studied in detail. This study aimed to find out markers from the purebred origin for all carcass
traits. The study used 1,017 crossbred pigs and a total of 54 carcass traits including 7 primal and 25 sub-primal cutsmeasured by VCS2000, which estimates all fine carcass traits before dissection by parts. Those crossbred pigs are
assigned to Duroc and F1 of Landrace and Yorkshire origin via breed composition. GWAS was performed by those
3 population sets divided by purebred origin for all traits. Results showed that significant markers with fat-related
traits were found both in the overall population and F1-originated, but not in Duroc originated animals at all.
Especially in hind shank weight, only F1 of Landrace and Yorkshire originated animals showed significant markers
with LD patterns on chromosome 13, which can be presumed as a signal of authentic markers from F1 of Landrace
and Yorkshire.
Keywords: commercial crossbred pig, gwas, breed partitioning884

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-19Genetic evaluation for linear type traits
in Korea holstein cattle
JG Lee, CG Dang, HB Yoon, MN Park, SS Lee, HK Jang, SH Lee, YC Lee, M Alam,M Naserkheil and CY Lee
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si, Korea
jiidog2929@korea.kr

Korea has been participating in Multiple-trait Across Country Evaluation (MACE) since 2011. Currently, national
genetic evaluation of Holstein dairy cattle is conducted on milk production, somatic cell score and linear type traits
to participate in MACE, and the results are submitted. This study is the result of conducting a national evaluationof 24 linear type traits to participate in the first routine run in 2022. For this study, 1,861,744 records of pedigreeand 1,059,786 linear type traits data collected by the Korea Animal Improvement Association from 1984 to 2021
were used. The model used for genetic evaluation is ST-ML-BLUP-AM. In the model, Fixed effects is herd-yearseason effects and lactation stage classes for each lactation and Random effects is animal additive genetic effect foreach of the first three lactations. The estimated Heritability for each traits was height (0.320), fore udder attachment(0.132), udder support (0.107), foot angle (0.067), locomation (0.031), angularity (0.120) and udder texture (0.091).
The heritability of the comprehensive overall conformation score (OCS) of all linear type traits is 0.155. Amongthe eight countries where bull semen was imported into Korea, Canadian bulls had the highest average of OCS
breeding vlaue (0.53 ± 0.39). In Korea, the average breeding value of OCS was 0.42 ± 0.31, after that of Canada.
Currently, research on novel traits such as reproductive traits and longevity is underway in addition to those thatparticipate in MACE, and we hope that these findings will help dairy farmers.
Keywords: Holstein dairy cattle, linear type traits, genetic evaluation

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PP9-21

Estimation of genomic prediction accuracies for milk
somatic cell score in Korean Holstein dairy cattle
CG Dang1, JG Lee1 and JJ Lee2
1

National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si, Korea, 2Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
gkgkgki@korea.kr

This study investigates the genomic prediction efficiency using three types of high-density single nucleotide
polymorphism (SNP) genotyping panels in Korean Holstein dairy cattle. We use 9,675 genotypes to identify an
informative regions and genomic prediction, where 4,655 genotypes match our phenotypic records. During our
genomic analysis, the deregressed estimated breeding values (DEBVs) and their reliabilities are used as derived
response variables from the estimated breeding values (EBVs). Bayesian methods identify the informative regions
and perform the genomic prediction using the IBW trait, in which two common significant window regions (BTA46 Mb, BTA12 15Mb, BTA13 56Mb, BTA8 0Mb, and BTA6 85 Mb) are identified using the three genotyping
platforms. Higher prediction ability is observed using the DEBV-including parent average as a response variable,
regardless of the SNP genotyping panels and the Bayesian methods, relative to the DEBV-excluding parent
average. Furthermore, studying the SCS trait using a genomic prediction model with a larger genomic dataset may
improve the genomic prediction accuracy in Korean Holstein.
Keywords: Holstein dairy cattle, genomic prediction, milk somatic cell score

886

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-23

Study on factors affecting calving ease
trait in Korean Holstein cattle
M Alam, JG Lee and CG Dang
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan, P.O. 31000, Cheonan, Korea
mahboob@korea.kr

We investigated the association of the first two parities (P1 and P2) dystocia or calving ease (CE) scores withvarious calf and maternal pregnancy factors to identify their relationships with CE in Korean Holstein cows. The
data from 142,097 heifers and 191,890 cows provided by Dairy Cattle Improvement Center (DCIC), Korea, wereanalyzed. For P1 and P2, we considered CE scores as 0 and 1, indicating the absence and presence of dystocia,
respectively, and applied logistic regression models for analyses. Models included the fixed effects of calf sex(SEX), calf size (CSIZE), gestation length group (GLEN), calving year (CALYR), calving season (CALSEA).
Models also included age at first calving (AFC) and calving interval (CALINT; P2 only) as fixed covariates. Parity
1 analysis showed the significance of SEX, CSIZE, CALYR, AFC, and GLEN (p < 0.05). With P2 data, all effects
except AFC were significant (p < 0.05). The odds ratio (OR) estimates for male calves with dystocia over females
were 1.036 (P1) and 1.053 (P2). Large-sized calves were more predisposed to dystocia by 6.816 (P1) and 1.623(P2) than small-sized calves. Although the significance of AFC (P1) and CALINT (P2) from the Type 3 analysis
of effects (p < 0.05), their non-significant OR (1.0) might suggest that these variables (expressed in days) were
inefficient in capturing the significant CE variations. Thus, such predictors on different scales, i.e., categories,
should be explored. For GLEN, P1 and P2 estimates were opposite. Dystocia was less with larger GLEN in P1
and the opposite in P2. Thus, we emphasize the importance of a proper understanding of predictor variables forevaluating multi-parity CE in Korean Holstein.
Keywords: calving difficulty, logistic regression, calf and maternal factor, Korean Holstein				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP9-25

Genetic correlation estimates of carcass traits measured
at 24 and 30 months of age in national genetic evaluation
system of Hanwoo (Korean beef cattle)
MN Park1, M Alam1, CI Cho2, SH Lee1 and M Naserkheil1
1Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, Korea,
2
Hanwoo Genetic Improvement Center, Seosan, Korea
mina0412@korea.kr

Genetic parameters play a significant role in designing a breeding program and are essential to evaluate
economically important traits. The objective of this study was to estimate heritability and genetic correlations
for carcass traits measured at 24 and 30 months of age in order to increase accuracy of breeding values for these
traits in the candidate young bulls. The carcass traits were backfat thickness (BFT), carcass weight (CW), eyemuscle area (EMA), and marbling score (MS) recorded at two different ages (24 and 30 months) collected by
Hanwoo Improve Center. The variance components were estimated by REML using multi-trait animal models
for the studied traits at both ages, separately. Moderate to high heritability estimates were found for all traits at
24 (30) months of age, which were 0.53 (0.50), 0.34 (0.36), 0.47 (0.40), and 0.59 (0.57) for BFT, CW, EMA, andMS, respectively. The favorable and strong genetic correlations were observed between carcass traits with theircorresponding measurements at both ages using a bi-variate animal model. Results revealed that the traits BFT,
CW, EMA, and MS measured at 24 and 30 months are practically the same traits since the genetic correlation were0.94 ± 0.03, 0.87 ± 0.05, 0.93 ± 0.03, 0.91 ± 0.03, respectively. Our findings suggest that genetic progress can beachieved for carcass traits using measurements from slaughtered animals at 24 and 30 months of age in a combined
analysis appropriately in national cattle evaluation and can result in predictable genetic improvement for these
traits consistent with breeding objectives on selection decisions.
Keywords: genetic parameters, heritability, carcass traits, Hanwoo

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-27

Determination of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
in candidate genes known to relate with reproductive traits
in Vietnamese chicken
Anh Nguyen Thai1,Thinh Nguyen Hoang1, Linh Nguyen Thuy2 and Luc Do Duc1
1

Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam,
2
Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh, Vietnam
nguyenthaianh@vnua.edu.vn

This study was aimed to evaluate a relationship of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 3 candidate genes,
including growth hormone gene (GH ), prolactin receptor gene (PRLR ) and prolactin gene (PRL ) with reproductive
traits of indigenous Ri chicken breed in Vietnam. A total of 300 animals were used for genotyping 4 SNPs: (1)intron 1 of GH, (2) exon 5 of PRLR , (3) a 24 bp nucleotide sequence insertion-deletion at situation −358 in
5’-untranslated region of PRL and (3) at site C2402T of PRL. The results shown that these 4 SNPs were identified
in the study population. Three genotypes of each locus were found (AA, AB and BB for GH; II, ID and DD for 24
bp insertion-deletion of PRL and CC, CT and TT for PRL2402), except 2 genotypes (AA and BB) for PRLR . The
frequencies of the favorable genotypes of AA (0.03), BB (0.01), II (0.07) and CC (0.06) for GH, PRLR , PRL24,

PRL 2402 respectively were low. Among these SNPs, a relationship between the 24-bp insertion-deletion of PRL
and egg production was found (p < 0.01). This result suggests the selection to increase the frequency of favorable
genotype II for improving egg production of Ri chicken.
Keywords: polymorphisms, native chickens, reproduction.

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PP9-29Estimation of genetic parameters for carcass traits ofsteers and cows in the commercial farm of Hanwoo cattle
H Mehrban1, YJ Han2, DM Lee2, GY Won2, GH Jeong2, SJ Kim3, JH Son3 and YM Koo3
1

Department of Animal Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran, 2Department of AnimalLife & Environment Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Korean Animal
Improvement Association, Seoul, Korea
gks508@naver.com

In Hanwoo evaluation program, emphasis is laid on the improvement of carcass traits measured on steers.
However, thousands of cows are slaughtered and measured for the carcass traits such as backfat thickness (BFT),
carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), and marbling score (MS) each year. Hence, the combination of
two sources of data (steers and cows) on the carcass traits could increase the accuracy of breeding values subject
to the high genetic correlation between carcass traits on the steers and their corresponding measurements on thecows. For this purpose, the sources of data including pedigree of 2,741,867 animals, carcass traits of 932,532 forsteers, and 792,837 for cows were used. A multi-trait animal model was used to estimate heritability of each trait
in addition to a bivariate animal model was applied to estimate genetic correlations for carcass traits of steers andcows. In the steers (cows), the heritability was 0.47 ± 0.01 (0.41 ± 0.01) for BFT, 0.57 ± 0.01 (0.47 ± 0.01) for
CW, 0.43 ± 0.01 (0.40 ± 0.01) for EMA, and 0.57 ± 0.01 (0.51 ± 0.01) for MS trait. The genetic correlations were0.76 ± 0.01, 0.72 ± 0.01, 0.75 ± 0.01, and 0.76 ± 0.01 for BFT, CW, EMA, and MS, respectively. These findings
indicated that high genetic correlations were found between carcass traits of steers and the corresponding cows. It
concludes that utilization of cow data along with steers records could increase the accuracy of breeding values in
Hanwoo beef cattle.
Keywords: genetic correaltion, carcass traits, Hanwoo, heritability

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PP9-31

Selection index for maximum profit of carcass merits in thecommercial farm of Hanwoo cows
YM Koo1, SJ Kim1, JH Son1, DM Lee2, YJ Han2, H Mehrban3 and M Naserkheil4
1

Korean Animal Improvement Association, Seoul, Korea, 2Department of Animal Life &Environment Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Korea, 3Department of Animal
Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran, 4Animal Breeding and Genetics Division,
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si 31000, Korea
ymkoo@aiak.or.kr

In the beef industry, price determination based on meat quantity and quality grade provides an economic benefits
for producers to meet the growing demand. Using a selection index along with carcass meat-price allows to makemore balanced selection decisions and would be produced the animals with the high valuable meat in the future.
Therefore, the objective of this study is to set up the selection index for carcass traits based on carcass meat-priceto make maximum profit in the commercial farm of Hanwoo cows. To this end, 107 Hanwoo bulls with which
estimated for genomic breeding values of carcass traits and sale price per head having more than 99% accuracies
were selected for finding maximum profit by carcass merits. Moreover, all bulls have more than 128 progenies
including meat-price records. Estimated breeding values of Hanwoo bulls were obtained using ssGBLUP methods.
The regression model for meat-price by carcass traits (CW, EMA, BF, and MS) were set up for finding selection
index. Consequently, the regression coefficient (p -value) was estimated at 16,403(< .0001) won/kg for CW,
17,643(< .0001) won/cm2 for EMA, −48,474(< .0001) won/mm for BF, 353,321(< .0001) won/score for MS.
It suggests that the estimated regression coefficients would be used as selection index for maximum profit in acommercial Hanwoo farms in Korea.
Keywords: selection index, regression coefficient, carcass meat-price, Hanwoo

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PP9-33

Analysis of growth traits in colored Korea native duckby strain and sex
HK Kim, HJ Choo, IS Jeon, JJ Ham, YS Kim and SD Kim
National Institute of Animal Science, Avian Research Institute, Korea
Khk0606@korea.kr

In 2021, per capita consumption of duck meat in Korea is showing an increasing trend to 1.9 kg. However, most of
the duck breeds used in the domestic duck industry are Pekin breeds. In this study, growth curves were estimatedfor the growing body weight capacity of native duck breeding groups collected for domestic duck development andIt was carried out to utilize it for strains establishment to increase industrial usability. The data used in this study
were 3,627 purebred females and 1,512 males of native ducks being developed at the National Institute of Animal
Science and Technology. The growth curve was estimated, and the model fit of the growth curve was evaluated byestimating the coefficient of determination, root mean square deviation, and modified coefficient of determination.
The coefficient of determination of the growth curve model analyzed in this study was 0.887 to 0.889, showing no
significant difference in the fit of each model. The growth curve parameter, mature body weight, showed a sharp
increase after 2 weeks of age in all analyzed strains. The estimated mature weight, growth rate, and maturation ratein this study all showed differences according to strains. The estimated growth curve parameters for gender strains
will be used as basic data for the future accumulation of colored native duck strains.
Keywords: colored Korea native duck, growth curve weight, growth traits, duck by strain

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-35Use of Agro-meteorological grid square data to estimate
heat-tolerance heritabilities of Holstein cows in JapanS Ishida1, T Osawa2, S Yamaguchi3, T Yamazaki4, T Baba5 and K Hagiya1
1

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan, 2National Livestock
Breeding Center, Nishigo, Fukushima, Japan, 3Livestock Improvement Association of Japan,
Tokyo, Japan, 4Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, NARO, Sapporo, Japan, 5Holstein Cattle
Association of Japan, Hokkaido Branch, Sapporo, Japan
310ka14da@gmail.com

Only a few, principal, weather stations in Japanese prefectures have the daily humidity records required to calculate
temperature–humidity index (THI) as a dairy-cow heat-stress indicator. The Agro-Meteorological Grid Square
Data (mesh data) developed by the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization consist of detailed
meteorological records (units ~1 km square), estimated from meteorological data. The mesh data are estimated onfarm weather records—closer than those from principal weather stations. We compared heritabilities estimatedby using a random regression test-day model (RRTDM) with heat stress index as the THI calculated from daily
average temperature at each herd’s closest local weather station and daily relative humidity at the principal weather
station (HTHI), or THI calculated from mesh data (MTHI). We used daily weather records from 532 provincial
weather stations and mesh data at herd level, and test-day milk records from days 6 to 305 post-first-calving in
Holsteins, to compare the indices as indicators of heat-stress effects on milk yield. The threshold THI was 60.
With the RRTDM, 999,163 records from 138,613 animals in 671 herds were used to estimate milk-yield and heattolerance heritabilities. The RRTDM contained herd test-day, lactation curves of age–month at calving, genetic andpermanent environment effects using second-order Legendre polynomials with linear heat tolerance, and residuals.
Milk-yield heritability without heat stress (THI < 60) ranged from 0.24 to 0.37. Heat-tolerance heritability was 0.008(HTHI and MTHI) at THI 72, and 0.0018 (HTHI) and 0.0019 (MTHI) at THI 78; these heritabilities estimated byboth mathematical models were approximate.
Keywords: dairy cattle, heat-stress, heritability, THI				

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PP9-37

Livestock production in the phenomic era
JC Jang1,2, YJ Jung1, MJ Jeong1, KK Cho1, KH Chung1, DH Kim1,2 and SH Oh1,2
1

Division of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea,
Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea

2jaejang1278@gnu.ac.kr

Phenomics is the study of phenomes, which are the set of phenotypes (physical and physiological features)that a given organism can create over the course of development and in response to genetic and environmental
effects. Phenomics approaches food animal production from a different perspective than before. Just as genomics
covers all information related to genome, phenomics also tries to cover everything about phenome. Conventional
confinement production systems are often criticized for its poor treatment of animals, which has been a concern
for livestock producers and more recently, for consumers. In addition, consumer preference in meat quality is
generally higher for meats that come from ‘compassionately’ raised animals. Precision livestock farming withadvanced phenotyping technology is proposed to link the areas for those concerns. There are various technologies
that have been developed over the years and are in use today, such as improved egg incubators via synchronizationof hatching, intelligent ventilation control in livestock buildings, and cough recognition in pigs. Moreover,combining automatic feeding data with computer vision algorithms illuminate further understanding of nutritional
behavior, which have emerged as the effective measurement alternatives, but are not perfect due to the problems
with computer algorithm improvement, data integration, camera synchronization, and identification of uncertain
IDs. This study was to examine how animal phenomics is being used for livestock production, which applies theadvanced technology to the areas of food animal management in order to enhance food animal production safely
and effectively while considering both efficient production and animal welfare concerns.
Keywords: animal production, genomics, phenomics, precision livestock farming, welfare894

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-39

Monitoring and analysis of international issues
on animal genetic resources
JH Kim, KN Heo, DH Jin and SC Kim
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Hamyang Gyeongnam, Korea
jkim3892@korea.kr

The objective of this study is to introduce the results of international conference related on animal genetic
resources, and to use it to establish a response strategy for the collection, management, and sustainable use ofanimal genetic resources in Korea. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN)holds the Intergovernmental Technical Working Group on Animal Genetic Resources (ITWG-AnGR) for Food andAgriculture every other year. In this meeting, activities of FAO related to global issues on animal genetic resources
are discussed and adopted. The eleventh session of the ITWG-AnGR for Food and Agriculture was held virtually,
from 19 to 21 May 2021. Twenty-eight countries participated in the session from seven regions (Africa, Asia,
Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, Near East, Noeth America and Southwest Pacific). In this meeting,agendas related to Global Plan of Action (GPA) implementation, access and benefit-sharing (ABS), digital
sequence information (DSI), and climate change were reviewed. Participants suggested complementing technicalguidelines and developing diversity estimation indicators for GPA implementation. Moreover, they recommended
strengthening support from developing countries, maintaining cooperation with other international organizations,and simplifying and clarifying national status surveys. In the future, it is necessary to continuously monitor the
progress of the decisions made at this ITWG-AnGR.
Keywords: anima genetic resources, FAO, intergovernmental technical working group				

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PP9-41Mating strategies for controlling inbreeding level using
genomic information in breeding program
DH Lee1, JM Kang1, DJ Lee1, YK Kim1, YJ Chung1, N. PT Dinh2, YS Kim2, DW Seo3 and SH Lee1
1

Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea,
2
Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
3
TNT Research Co., 14059, P.O. Box, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
stonecold@daum.net

The breeding program of livestock includes predicting an individual's genetic ability through genomic evaluationand selecting suitable bulls as parents for the breeding objective to be improved. Depending on the purpose andlevel of this process, it has an impact on inbreeding rates and genetic gain. This study was to perform a breeding
strategy using simulated data and to measure the inbreeding level and improvement of estimated breeding value(EBV). The minimum co-ancestry methods were used for controlling the inbreeding levels. The selection methods
were based on random, phenotype, EBV, and true breeding value (TBV). In all heritability, except for randommating, the increase of inbreeding levels was accelerated over the generations (0.01−0.13), and the highest
inbreeding coefficient increased when selected based on the TBV. Our results of applying the minimum co-ancestry
method to all heritability inbreeding coefficients were relatively low (0.002−0.11), and in particular, the higher
the heritability, the greater the efficiency. All measurements (phenotype, EBV, TBV) improved with the passage
of generations according to the breeding method, except for random mating (0.61−6.29, 0.25−2.98). Among themethods for selecting individuals, the TBV selection caused a tremendous increase in performance. However, TBV
is impossible to apply in reality, EBV could be applicable at high heritability. The minimum co-ancestry methodwith genotype data minimized common ancestors used in the mating plan. Therefore, a reduction inbreeding
coefficient can be expected while maintaining the amount of genetic improvement.
Keywords: mating plan, minimum co-ancestry mating, inbreeding, EBV

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-43

Relationship between genetic effects and growth
performance in purebred and crossbred pigs
YS Kim1, HS Seong1, ES Cho1, JW Choi2 and JK Hong11

Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan, Korea, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon
National University, Chuncheon, Korea
kys60m@korea.kr

Average daily gain (ADG) is considered as one of the most important performances in growth traits in pigs. The
direct genetic effect (DGE) has been mainly studied to assess the association between genetic information andgrowth traits. Recent studies have revealed that indirect genetic effect (IGE), also called social genetic effect canaffect growth traits simultaneously with DGE. Furthermore, genomic selection of purebred is suggested as anefficient method for crossbred selection. Therefore, this study was conducted to elucidate the relationship among
direct and indirect genetic effects of purebred Duroc (PB) and crossbred (CB) using single-step Genomic best
linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP) approach. In ssGBLUP analysis, the available number of genotyped animals
using PorcineSNP60 beadchip were 864 and 915 for PB and CB, respectively. We also used phenotype andpedigree data which include 6,022 and 7,904 animals, respectively. Direct genetic variances were 1,377 and 3,410,
and indirect genetic variances were 75 and 72 for PB and CB, respectively. Direct and total heritabilities on ADG
for PB were 0.16 and 0.19 and that of 0.36 and 0.39 for CB, respectively. Phenotype variances were 8,792 and
9,376 for PB and CB, respectively. The purebred-crossbred genetic correlation for DGE was 0.48, and the genetic
correlation between IGE of PB and CB was −0.27. Interestingly, IGE of PB was highly correlated with DGE of CBwith 0.77, while DGE of PB was negatively correlated (−0.53) with IGE of CB. These results suggest that genomic
selection of purebred could be applied for crossbred performance.
Keywords: pig, average daily gain, social genetic effect, genetic correlation

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PP9-45

Genome-wide association study on fatty acid compositionin F2 crossbred chicken population
EJ Cho1, MJ Kim1, JH Cha2, DH Jin3, YS Kim1 and JH Lee1
1

Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju,
Korea, 3National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea
eunjjinie@gmail.com

Fatty acid composition is a factor that contributes to the flavor and quality of meat. Flavor compounds are createdby volatile fatty acids decomposed through lipid oxidation during the cooking process. Several studies havebeen published on the candidate genes related to fatty acid composition, mainly in pigs and cattle. On the other
hand, less studies on the association between fatty acid composition and meat quality in chickens were reported.
Therefore, this study aimed to figure out the candidate genes associated with fatty acid composition in chickens. A
genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on the 767 individuals from the F2 crossbred populationof White Leghorn and Yeonsan Ogye. Illumina 60 K genotype data and 30 fatty acid compositions (%) in breast
meat slaughtered at 10 weeks of age were used for analysis. As a result of GWAS, the significant single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in 13 traits: 10:0, 14:0, 18:0, 18:1(n-7)c, 18:1(n-9)c, 18:2(n-6)c, 20:0, 20:2,
20:3(n-6), 20:4(n-6), 20:5(EPA), 24:0 and 24:1(n-9). Significant SNPs were mainly observed on chromosomes
3 and 10. These SNPs were identified near the following genes: ACSS3, BTG1, MCEE, PPARGC1A, ACSL4,ELOVL4, CYB5R4, ME1 , and TRPM1 . In particular, similar candidate genes were observed in oleic acid andarachidonic acid. These two traits are antagonistic to each other and were reported as traits that contribute a lot
to the production of volatile fatty acids. The results of this study can be beneficial for understanding the genetic
mechanism by which fatty acid composition in chicken affects flavor.
Keywords: genome-wide association study, fatty acid composition, meat quality, chicken

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-47Comparative transcriptome analysis of Korea native cattle(Hanwoo) from 10 and 26 month in two fat tissues revealschanges in fat composition with age
WC Park1, HH Chai1, JE Park1, YJ Lim1, JH Son1, SA Jung1, NR An1, HN Kim1, MJ Chang1,
HJ Choi1, SS Jang2 and DJ Lim1
1

Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju
55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 2Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea, 2Hanwoo Research institute,
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
wcpark1982@korea.kr

Hanwoo, Korean native cattle breed, have a high capacity to accumulate intramuscular fat, and the quality grading
system in Korea is primarily determined by marbling score. Consequentially, Hanwoo have been subjected tointensive artificial selection for last 70 years to improve its meat production traits. In this study, We performed
transcriptome analysis using abdominal fat and back fat tissue at 10 and 26 months to confirm changes in fat
composition according to growth stages. Through the RNA-seq analysis, we identified 672 and 122 differentiallyexpressed genes (DEGs) to be significant (adjust p -value < 0.05) from abdominal fat and back fat tissue
respectively. Of the 672 DEGs in abdominal fat tissue, 282 were up-regulated and 390 were down-regulated DEGs.
In back fat tissue, 37 were up-regulated and 85 were down-regulated DEG. These were termed as the Hub genes
and were subjected to Protein-Protein interaction network analysis to understand their role. We also performed
Gene Co-Expression network analysis to understand the role of the all the DEGs identified. KEGG pathway
analysis and GO analysis from all the identified genes revealed that several fat and lipid related pathway wereenriched in function for fat composition. These results suggest that changes in fat differentiation and composition
according to the growth stage of Hanwoo were identified. Therefore, there is a need to understand the genetic
response of fat tissue according to the growth of Hanwoo, our findings will help in developing a genetic approachto improve marbling score.
Keywords: Hanwoo, transcriptome, DEG, fat				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l899

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-49Genetic diversity of 20 selected olfactory receptor genes ofpigs using sequence-based typing
M Kang, MT Le, S Youk, B Ahn, H Jeon and C Park
Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology Graduate School of Konkuk University,
Seoul, Korea
mingue5349@gmail.com

Olfaction is important for feeding, reproduction, and danger recognition of animals and thus critical for animal
survival. Therefore, the olfactory receptor (OR) gene family is greatly expanded in mammals and the largestof the mammalian gene families. ORs are a member of signal transduction membrane protein called G proteincoupled receptor (GPCR) which is membrane receptors responsible for mediating environmental signals including
light, smells, tastes, and other chemicals into cells and physiological systems. We analyzed the genetic diversityof 20 OR genes representing most of OR gene clusters in the pig genome from 56 individuals of seven pig breeds
and evaluated evolutionary influences on OR gene diversification in pigs. Diverse cluster expansion due to gene
duplication was found in multiple OR clusters, and the level was most pronounced in the 9-1 cluster consisting ofclass I OR genes. Overall nucleotide diversity of analyzed OR genes was higher with the average heterozygosity of
0.314 than other gene groups, and mild level of selective pressure was acting on the entire OR structural domains
while the most significant variations were observed in Transmembrane domain 5. Pig breeds were clearly divided
into European and non-European breeds according to the OR gene composition. The genetic diversity of OR genesof European breeds was higher than that of other breeds. Our study is the first report to evaluate the allele diversityof the porcine OR genes and should contribute to improving our knowledge on the influence of OR diversity inrelation to animal behavior.
Keywords: olfactory receptor, selection, Sus scrofa, genetic diversity

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-51

Diffenentially expressed genes and their function underheat stress in blood of layer chicken
HN Kim1, HR Kim2, WC Park1, HH Chai1, MJ Jang1 and JE Park1
1

Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA,
Wanju 55365, Korea, 2Division of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, National Institute of Animal
Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea
hanakim0307@gmail.com, jepark0105@korea.kr

Egg is important product in livestock industry, heat stress affects product quality. Especially, metabolism of chicken
is changed for maintaining of homeostasis under high-temperature. Therefore, we performed transcriptome analysis
to understand heat stress response in layer chicken. 26-weeks old Roman Brown chickens were used to animal
experiments and grouped according to THI (Temperature–Humidity Index) into 7 in normal (21℃ and humidity
35%, THI 68) and 7 in severe (33℃ and humidity 90%, THI 90-) conditions for 4-weeks, respectively. Also, Daily
gain and feed intake were examined as phenotypic parameters. Blood samples were used to RNA-sequencing, raw
read were generated and mapped to GRCg6a reference genome using Hisat2. And count matrix were generatedusing featureCounts in subread, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained through edgeR package in
R with false discovery rate < 0.05 and log2 fold change > 1.0. Finally, DAVID and ClueGO were performed forfunctional analysis with EASE < 0.1 and p < 0.05. In results, phenotypic parameters were decreased in severe (p <0.001), DEGs were consisted of 178 up- and 180 down-regulated. The enrichment terms were observed as protein
tyrosine kinase activity (GO:0004713) and receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT (GO:0007259) in upregulated, keratin filament (GO:0045095), calcium ion binding (GO:0005509) and iron ion binding (GO:0005506)
in down-regulates, these are known to be associated with heat stress response. In conclusion, heat stress canchanges protein synthesis and ions binding with decreased of phenotypic parameters. These findings will provide
responsible gene and their function under heat stress.
Keywords: differentially expressed gene, heat stress, blood, layer chicken				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP9-53

Genetic characterization of Kyrgyz native horses
using a high-density SNP chip
SC Kim, KN Heo, DH Jin and JH Kim
Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural
Development Administration, Hamyang Gyeongnam, Korea
Kisc@korea.kr

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic characteristics of Kyrgyz native horses using the Illumina
GGP Equine Infinium HD Chip. The genotype data were collected from 31 samples. A total of 56,681 single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used for genetic diversity analysis. To confirm the genetic diversity
within the population, the observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were investigated. The observed
heterozygosity through SNP information was 0.311, and the expected heterozygosity was 0.309 through the rate ofvariability between individuals in the same population. In the Kyrgyzstan native horse population, both observed
and expected heterozygosity were high, indicating high genetic diversity. In addition, since the difference between
expected and observed heterozygosity is not large, it is considered that the coefficient of inbreeding is low. The
genetic distance of each individual in the Kyrgyz native horse population was calculated using Nei's D A distance.
The phylogenic tree shows the genetic relationship among the individuals of the reference group considered using
the neighbor-joining method. Three main clusters were identified in the Kyrgyz native horse breed. These results
showed a significant correlation between geographical and genetic distances. Through these studies, it was able
to obtain useful information for a better understanding of the genetic characteristics of the Kyrgyz horse using
molecular markers.
Keywords: heterozygosity, horse, kyrgyzstan, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)902

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-55

Genomic partitioning of genetic variance using multiOMICS data in Hanwoo breeding program
YK Kim1, DH Lee1, JM Kang1, DJ Lee1, YJ Chung1, DW Seo2 and SH Lee1
1

Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea, 2TNT
Research Co., 14059, P.O. Box, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
lgs10kr@naver.com

Various multi-omics data including genetic variants involved in shaping phenotype are presumed to affectphenotypic variance by controlling gene expression of target genes for breeding traits in cattle. It is important tounderstand the underlying processes in order to acquire a more accurate knowledge for the prediction of breedingvalue in animal breeding. However, identifying biological processes that are linked to the regulation of complex
traits is an extremely difficult task. Currently Genomic Estimated Breeding value (GEBV) is calculated basedon SNPs genotypes and it is quite successful in breeding program. However, more efficient method to increase
accuracy of breeding value need more information such as multi-OMICS data. This study investigated if multiomics data would be useful to identify a causal mutation and would have a direct benefit for explaining genetic
variance in cattle. In order to estimate genomic variance for SNPs, eQTL and copy number variation (CNV), we
used phenotypic data from 16,900 Hanwoo steers with genomic and multi-omics data in this study. All animals
were genotyped using Illumina Bovine SNP50K and they have CNVs information. Out of them, 25 animals wereused in combination with gene expression data for eQTL analysis through MatrixeQTL package in R software.
Consequently, estimation of heritability for marbling score was 0.4288 ± 0.0139 using SNP only, 0.0332 ± 0.0077
with eQTL and 0.0039 ± 0.004 from CNV information, respectively. In conclusion, this study decomposed
genomic variance of multi-omics data such as eQTL and CNV in breeding target traits in Hanwoo.
Keywords: Hanwoo, SNPs, copy number variation, eQTL, multi-OMICS

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PP9-57The study of differentially methylated region gene ondigestive system tissue in long-tailed chicken
HJ Choi, DJ Lim, JE Park, WC Park and HH ChaiNational Institute of Animal Science, Wnaju, Korea
hyun5164@naver.com

Various tissues and organs have great differences in their functions and morphology. This is because only specificgenes are expressed in cells of tissues and organs. DNA methylation, in concert with other regulators, is a major
epigenetic factor influencing gene activities. Methylation of CpG sites can impair transcription factor binding andrecruit inhibitory methyl-binding proteins, and stably silence gene expression. Differentially methylated regions(DMRs) containing sequentially methylated CpG regions have significant impact on disease development andprogression compared to single CpG regions. In this study, DNA data were used in tissue samples of long-tailed
fowls. It was mapped to the reference sequence of chickens using Bowtie2. In addition, DNA methylation in
genome-wide was carried out through MEDIPS package. Accordingly, the CpG counts of the entire chromosome
were identified and DMR genes related the tongue-to-digestive system tissue (logFC > 0 and p -value < 0.01) wereselected based on statistical significance. The function of DMR gene was identified by gene ontology (GO) and theresults of KEGG pathway were visualized. As a result, the confirmation of the number of DMR genes, liver, colon,
appendix, craw, cloaca, cytopygium, cardia, proventriculus, duodenum, rectum, pancreas, ileum was 259, 6, 249,
11, 3, 12, 78, 9, 1, 2 and 46, respectively. It seems that an epigenetic aspect about digestion of long-tailed chickensuch asdigestive system tissue can be interpreted.
Keywords: DNA methylation, differentially methylated regions, CpG counts, long-tailed chicken

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PP9-59

Genome-wide association study of egg production traits ina Ogye × White Leghron chicken F2 resource population
DH Jin1, JH Kim1, SC Kim1, JH Cha2, KT Lee2, JA Lim2, HH Chai2 and SA Jung2
1

Korea Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science,
RDA, Hamyang, Korea, 2Korea Animal Genome & Bioinformatics,
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Korea
jdh1662@korea.kr

Among the egg production traits, egg number and egg weight are the most important economic traits that directly
influence benefits of poultry industry. Therefore, identifying the genomic regions that are associated with the egg
traits is significant for selection purposes. To identify candidate genes related to egg production, we performed
a genome-wide association study using the chicken 60 K SNP panel in F2 resource population. For this study,
Ogye and White Leghorn were used as two parental breeds for establishing experimental F2 population. Ogye
is a traditional Korean chicken breed notable for its entirely black body, whereas White Leghorn breed is a
representative laying hen. A total of 407 F2 females were used for the measurement of egg number (EN) andegg weight (EW) trait from 20 to 40 weeks of age. For detailed analysis, we divided the entire egg production
period into three stage (EN1: from 20 to 28weeks, EN2: from 29 to 36 weeks, EN3: from 37 to 40 weeks) basedon egg production curve, depending on when the egg number changes. The results showed that 2 SNPs reached
the genome-wide suggestion levels for the EN (ENTotal: HS3ST3A1, EN1: gga-mir-31). In EW, a total of 33
SNPs were identified at the suggestive significance and located near or within candidate genes including LCORL,
LDB2, PACRGL. These candidate genes found in our study will serve as useful information for genetic research to
improve the quality of laying characteristics of Korean native chicken population.
Keywords: genome-wide association study, egg production trait, ogye, white leghorn				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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PP9-61Analysis accuracy and estimated breeding value
using pedigree and genotype of the
Korean beef (Hanwoo) sibling group
EH Kim1, HC Kang2, DW Sun3, CH Myung1, JY Kim1, DH Lee3, SH Lee4 and HT Lim1
1

Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 2Department of
Animal Science and Biotechnology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 3Gyeongnam
Animal Science & Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 4Department of
Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
ahshzmf@naver.com

The Estimated Breeding Value (EBV) and accuracy of Korean beef (Hanwoo) are used as important indicatorsfor selection, and recent studies using pedigree and genotype are being conducted to increase the reliability of
the accuracy. Therefore, this study using 10 heads of the same parent to determine the change in accuracy of
individuals without genotype according to the amount of genotype in the group. Then, the amount of genotype
was randomly selected by 10, 8, 6, 4, 2 heads by test group, and then Genomic EBV (GEBV) and accuracy were
estimated through Single Step Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (ssGBLUP) using 14,225 heads referencegroup. And the GEBV and accuracy of Carcass Weight (CWT), Eye Muscle Area(EMA), Back Fat Thickness (BFT)
and Marbling Score (MS) were estimated using the BLUPF90 program. looking at the GEBV accuracy estimatedby randomly removing genotype, there was no change in accuracy in the case of individuals with genotype, but
the accuracy of individuals without genotype decreased by 30−32.6% for each trait. According to the amount ofgenotype in the group, the GEBV accuracy of individuals without genotype was decreased by 1.8−2.2% on averagefor each trait. Through this, although the amount of genotype within a group did not have a significant effect on theaccuracy regardless of presence of individual genotype, but the presence of individual genotype had a greater effectfor high reliable GEBV.
Keywords: pedigree, genotype, accuracy, Hanwoo

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Animal Science Congress

PP9-63

Analysis of chicken feather color phenotypes
classified as K-means clustering
JH Park1, SY Heo1, MJ Kim2, EJ Cho1, JH Cha3, DH Jin4, YJ Koh1, SH Lee1,2 and JH Lee1,21Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea,
Department of Animal Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea, 3National
Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 4National Institute of Animal Science, Hamyang, Korea

2

heoseonyeong9@gmail.com

Chickens are one of the vertebrates that has various colors. When correlating to find color-related genes, various
colors of chicken are classified. However, when the colors were scored, human intention was applied for scoring
the colors. Moreover, it is not sure to be defined by precise standards. To solve this problem, this study used
computer vision approach. Image quantization based on k-means clustering in all pixels of RGB values canobjectively distinguish colors that are inherited and expressed in various ways. This study was conducted to
identify whether there are plumage color differences of the reciprocal cross lines between two breeds: black
Yeonsan Ogye (YO) and White Leghorn (WL). Line B is a line cross bred between YO males and the WL femalesand Line L is from WL males and YO females. 1 male and 10 females were selected for each line of the F1, andfull-sib mating were conducted. In this study we used F2 individuals. As a result, we confirmed that the distributionof light and dark colors of k-means clustering converged to 7:3. However, the color of Line B was brighter
than that of Line L. With further study, the genes underlining of the plumage colors can be identified using thequantification values from the computer vision approach identified in this study.
Keywords: chicken, computer vision, K-means clustering, plumage color

This work was supported by Institute of Information & communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP)
grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No.2020-0-01441, Artificial Intelligence Convergence ResearchCenter (Chungnam National University)).

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PP9-65Generation of ovalbumin-null chickens and ovalbumin
deficient eggs using genome editing technology
JS Park, JH Shim, YM Kim and JY Han
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agricultureand Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
bulgari77@snu.ac.kr

Ovalbumin (OVAL) is major egg white protein consisted of 54% of total egg white proteins. However, thephysiological functions of OVAL is not fully elucidated and it is unknown that how OVAL affects to egg whiteformation and whether embryo can be developed in OVAL deficient eggs. In this study, we specifically targeted
human IgG construct into OVAL locus using CRISPR/Cas9 and produced OVAL gene-targeted chickens. We
observed accumulation of human IgG in egg white of heterozygous OVAL gene-targeted chickens. Furthermore,embryos were developed and hatched from eggs of heterozygous OVAL gene-targeted chickens and subsequently
homozygous OVAL-null chickens were produced. Homozygous OVAL-null hens were able to start laying andproduce OVAL-deficient eggs. We showed that egg white can be synthesized and concentrations of other major egg
white proteins were increased when OVAL was removed. Furthermore, it was elucidated that embryos can develop
and hatched from OVAL deficient eggs, demonstrating that OVAL deficient egg white is functional to support
embryo development, although hatching rate from OVAL deficient eggs were decreased. Collectively, this study
showed that OVAL-null chicken lines and OVAL deficient eggs can be produced and egg white components are
efficiently modulated by genome editing technology.
Keywords: ovalbumin, egg white, genome editing908

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-67Single nucleotide polymorphism in the seed region of
miRNA and its binding to a specific-site within the 3’UTR of
GPAM in Korean Native cattle
JY Lee1, HY Lim1, SJ Hong1, HD Hwang1 and YS Lee1,21School of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong, 17579,
Korea, 2Center for Genetic Information, Hankyong National University,
Gyeonggi-do, Anseong, 17579, Korea
dlwldus1298@naver.com

In genome selection of livestock, High-throughput genome information affecting directly protein variation is
an important factor to improve genome-selection accuracy. According to several studies, noncoding RNA isspread over whole-genome, and among noncoding RNA, miRNAs are a class of endogenous small non-coding
RNAs, approximately 22 nucleotides in length, which play a role in post-transcriptional regulation by targeting
mRNA degradation. Especially, SNPs, located at seed region of miRNA, miRNAs have potential value as genetic
mutations for improving genome selection accuracy. Recently, we reported that three functional SNPs in the 3´UTRof glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1, mitochondrial (GPAM), which catalyzes the initial and committed stepin glycerolipid biosynthesis, were significantly associated with marbling score. In addition, four putative miRNAs
and three SNPs were identified. The SNPs were located in the seed region of these miRNA. In this study, we aimed
to investigate whether four putative miRNA binds to the 3´UTR of GPAM, including the three SNP, and whether
each allele of this SNP affects the binding affinity between the target miRNA and the 3´UTR. Two oligo variants(AAC and GGT type) including miRNA binding site were cloned into pmirGLO vector and HEK293T cells were
cotransfected with pmirGLO vector with miRNAs. When the recombinant DNA was expressed in the presenceof bta-miR-2479 and bta-miR-2468, there was a pronounced reduction in Firefly luciferase activity in HEK293T
cells. Taken together, these results indicated that bta-miR-2479 and bta-miR-2468 ability to bind GPAM, with aconsequent decrease in GPAM expression levels and synthesis of intramuscular fat.
Keywords: miRNA, functional SNP, lipid metabolism, luciferase assay				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l909

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-69Analysis of linkage disequilibrium in Hanwoo cows
SW Oh and D Yoon
Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
owen5250@knu.ac.kr

This study analyzed linkage disequilibrium (LD), haplotype block structure and effective population size (Ne) tounderstand structural characteristics such as genetic diversity and historical events of the Hanwoo cow population
using Hanwoo SNP50K BeadChip. The genomic DNA was prepared through the hair roots or blood of 7,273
Hanwoo cows, and a total of 53,866 SNPs were obtained. For analysis, 7,205 samples and 41,885 SNPs wereselected through a QC. The total length of the autosome based on SNPs was 2,508.58 Mb, MAF was 0.27, andinterval size was 0.06 Mb. LD (r2) by the distance between pairwise SNPs was calculated, and the average r2 was
0.05 ± 0.11. r2 was shown to be 0.23 ± 0.29 at 0−50 kb and 0.12 ± 0.19 at 50−100 kb, and the proportion of SNPs
with an r2 greater than 0.2 was found to be 34.47% at 0−50 kb. In addition, the total number of haplotype blocks
was 1,206, the total number of SNPs in the blocks was 4,000, and the whole length of the blocks was 52.28 Mb(2.08% of the full autosome length). The past effective population size was 1,652 in 301 generations but decreased
to 203 in 13 generations. As a result, it was confirmed that LD decayed by the physical distance between SNPs,
and the genetic diversity of Hanwoo cows has gradual declined. It might be in urgent need of a conservation planthat includes a cow-customized genetic management program.
Keywords: Hanwoo cows, SNP, linkage disequilibrium (LD), effective population size (Ne)910

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-71The polymorphisms of ANGPTL2 gene associated withcomposition of fatty acid and cholesterol in sheep
K Listyarini1, C Sumantri2, S Rahayu2, MJ Uddin3, E Gustia4 and A Gunawan2
1

Graduate School of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University,
Indonesia, 2Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB
University, Indonesia, 3School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia,
4
Department of Regional Development Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, IPB
University, Indonesia
agunawan@apps.ipb.ac.id

Angiopoietin like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) gene play a role in lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to identify
polymophism of angiopoietin like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) gene and analyze its association with composition of fatty
acid and cholesterol in sheep. This study used a total of 110 rams for identify polymophism and association study
with average liveweight 30 kg at the age 12 months. Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length
Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were used to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of ANGPTL2
gene. Association of ANGPTL2 genotypes with composition of fatty acid and cholesterol were performed using
General Linear Model. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of ANGPTL2 gene was polymorphic withthree genotypes namely GG, GA, and AA. The Chi-square test revealed that the ANGPTL2 gene was in HardyWeinberg equilibrium. The SNP of ANGPTL2 gene (g.8930776 G > A) was significantly associated (p < 0.05)
with composition of fatty acid including Myristoleic acid, C14:1; Oleic acid, C18:1n9c; Linoleic acid, C18:2n6c;
Cis-8,11,14-Eicosetrienoic acid, C20:3n6; Arachidonic acid, C20:4n6; Behenic acid, C22:0; Tricosanoic, C23:0;
Tetracosanoic acid, C24:0; Nervonic acid, C24:1; Fatty acid total; Monounsaturated fatty acid, MUFA; Unsaturated
fatty acid, UFA, and cholesterol. The GG genotype was associated with higher level of some composition of
fatty acid and cholesterol, while the AA genotype was vice versa. The ANGPTL2 gene (g.8930776 G > A) may
contribute to composition of fatty acid and cholesterol in sheep.
Keywords: ANGPTL2, fatty acid, cholesterol, sheep				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-73

Elucidation of breed-specific variants of native pigs in
Korea: insights into pig breeds’ genomic characteristics
YS Lee, SW Son, VK Gosu, SP Sahoo and DH Shin
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
lcslys2@daum.net

Even though conserving native pig breeds is important in Korea, the research of native pig breeds’ genomic
aspects for identifying breed-specific variations of native pigs is uncommon. The single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) can be the powerful source to uncover the breed-specific variants. We used whole genome sequencing
data including Jeju Native Pig (JNP), Korean Native Pig (KNP), Korean Wild Boar (KWB) and other westerncommercial pig breeds to determine the native pig breed-specific SNPs. Furthermore, not only was the goal
to determine the genomic specificity of native pig breeds, but also to identify SNPs that carry breed-specificinformation (breed-informative SNPs) that can be viewed as relating to breed characteristics. The native pigs’
representative characteristics can be unique meat quality and disease resistance. We surveyed gene ontologies ofnative pigs with breed-specific SNPs. Examining the genes associated with GO may contribute to revealing thereason for the unique characteristics of native pig breeds. The enriched GOs were neuron projection development,
cell surface receptor signaling pathway, ion homeostasis in JNP, cell adhesion and wound healing in KNP, DNA
repair and reproduction in KWB. We expect that the study of breed-specific SNPs will enable us to gain a deeper
understanding of native pigs in Korea.
Keywords: breed-specific SNPs, genomic characteristics, native pigs

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-75

A study on the estimation of linkage disequilibrium using
SNP of Korean beef (Hanwoo) in Jeollabuk-do
Jisuk Yu, Dohyun Kim, Jaedon Oh and Hakkyo Lee
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
kusizu0529@jbnu.ac.kr

This study was conducted to determine the genotype of each individual through DNA chip analysis of SNPspresent in the whole genome of Korean beef (Hanwoo) in Jeollabuk-do using the Bovine SNP 50 K BeadChip, andto find out the Linkage Disequilibrium among SNP markers. The DNA samples of Hanwoo used in this study werecollected from 1,523 Hanwoo in Jeollabuk-do and analyzed by SNP Chip. A total of 52,195 SNPs were obtained,
and 11,056 unnecessary SNPs were removed through the QC process, and a total of 41,139 data were used foranalysis. The average distance between SNP markers was 0.0614, which was distributed between 0.0463 and0.0725. The r2 value of the Linkage Disequilibrium value of the SNP markers was 0.2337 between 0−50 kb, andthe value between 950−1,000 kb was 0.0347. Based on these results, it was possible to confirm an exponential-type
graph in which the measured value decreased as the distance between SNPs increased. Unlike Angus and Holstein,which have a history of improvement from about 100 years ago, Korean traditional breeds (Hanwoo) have a shorthistory of improvement of about 40 years. The selection strength for genetic improvement of these Hanwoo is low
compared to other breeds. Through research analysis, it was confirmed that there was no significant difference in
Linkage Disequilibrium of Korean cattle in Jeollabuk-do. However, it is thought that more research is needed toprevent inbreeding and reduction of genetic diversity due to preference for a specific KPN.
Keywords: Hanwoo, linkage disequilibrium, SNP, genetic diversity, Jeollabuk-do				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-77The effect of breed and growth hormone receptor genotype
on the heat tolerance coefficient in dairy cow
S Maylinda1 and A Mahmud2
1

Staff member in Faculty of Animal Science Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia, 2Staff member
in Faculty of Animal Science at University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia
sucik@ub.ac.id

Heat Tolerance Coefficient / HTC is an ability to adapt on heat. Research aims to compare HTC of local dairy
cattle in Grati and imported dairy cattle from New Zealand reared in Grati Pasuruan, and to determine the effect ofGrowth Hormone Receptor (GHR) genotypes on HTC of cattle. Research was conducted in Grati, Pasuruan, East
Java. Research material was 30 cows (local and imported) in lactation I to III. Variables measured were Respiratory
Frequency, Rectal Temperature and HTC. Research stages are : (1) HTC measurements, with the formula:
HTC = (RT / 38.3) + RF/23) (2) Polymorphism analysis in GHR gene using PCR-RFLP (Polymerase Chain
Reaction)−(Restrticted Fragment Length Polymorphism) technique ; where DNA isolation was carried out withblood material and PCR was performed with 386 bp amplification in flanking region using F : 5' TGCGTGCACAGCAGCTCAACC primer and R : 5' AGCAACCCCACTGCTGGGCAT primer. Fragment digestion using Alu1.
Polymorphism analysis used PIC (Polymorphic information content): 1 – Σp2ij. Statistical analysis using Anova
One Way Classification with Minitab 17. Result of polymorphisms can be seen in Table 1. Statistically, breeds (local
and imported) affected HTC (p < 0.01) where imported cattle had higher HTC (3.44 vs 4.01), and DD genotype
caused high HTC (CC = 2.81, CD = 3.65, DD = 3.88) (p < 0.05). It was concluded that local cattle had better
adaptability to hot environment than imported cattle, and CC genotype caused better adaptability than CD and DD
genotypes.
Keywords : breed, GHR-genotype, local cattle, imported cattle, HTC
Table 1. Polymorphism at locus GHR
Genotypes
CC
CD
DD

Number of cows
1
18
11

1

p = (1 + ½ × 18) / 30.
q = 1 – p.
3
PIC = 1 – Σp2ij.
4
test equilibrium using chi square test.
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Alleles frequency
p = 0.331
q = 0.672% polymorphism
44.223Result of Hardy Weinberg equilibrium test
Χ2 = 0.1238 (not sigficant)4

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-79Estimation of prediction accuracy of GEBV for Axiom based
genomic markers and Hanwoo Carcass Traits
SJ Kim1, JH Son1, YH Jung1, TJ Choi2, DM Lee3, JJ Lee4 and YM Koo1
1

KoreanAnimal Improvement Association, Seoul, Korea, 2Animal Breeding and Genetics Division,
National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si 31000, Korea, 3Department of Animal Life &Environment Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong Korea, 4Chungang University, CAU,
Anseong, 17546, Korea
sjkim@aiak.or.kr

This study was conducted to use the Bayes approach, which can be applied in various pre-distribution for genomic
selection application in the evaluation of Hanwoo carcass traits, as basic data for genomic selection through genetic
accuracy and reliability estimation. As for the data used in the analysis, 8,413 DNA collected by various methods
from Hanwoo farms nationwide were extracted. The Axiom Bovine 60 K version 3 (Affymetrix Inc., 2006) SNP
panel was used to generate genomic information. Among them duplicate animals, pedigree errors, and animals that
did not match dependent variables were removed, and 6,616 reference groups with genotype information were used
for analysis. MBV accuracy was estimated to be 0.25 to 0.55. As genotype information was added to the existing
phenotype information, the reliability of the Hanwoo carcass traits GEBV increased by 0.243 ± 0.060. In particular,
in the group with low reliability, the contribution to estimating the GEBV was low, but the increase in reliability
was the highest. It was found that the ranking of genetic evaluation on phenotype data changed due to mixing with
MBV. Compared to the GEBV, the Two Step method was more correlated than the Single Step method. Therefore,
when using genotype information, the difference between the Single Step and the Two Step is not much different,
but when a lot of genotype data is collected in the future, it is considered that there will be a difference in reliability
and GEBV.
Keywords: GEBV, reliability, bayesian method, MBV, DEBV, genomic enhanced-EBV				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-81

Genome-wide association study reveals that chromosome
Z and 20 account for a substantial proportion ofphenotypic variance of the skin color trait in a
Ogye × White Leghorn F2 chicken population
Jihye Cha1, Daehyeok Jin2, Jae-Hwan Kim1, Seung-Chang Kim2, Jin A Lim1, Han-Ha Chai1,
Seul A Jung1 and Jun-Heon Lee3
1

Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju
55365, Korea, 2Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science,
RDA, Hamyang 50000, Korea, 3Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam
National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
wischa91@korea.kr

Skin color is an important economic trait that determines the first impression that a broiler presents to consumer
and ultimately can affects consumer choice in the market. Therefore, finding the genomic regions that are likely
to affect skin color is crucial for increase of the sales value of chicken. To identify genetic factors associated withthe process of skin color pigmentation in chickens, we have performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS)
on an F2 intercross, whose 2 founders were one indigenous Korean chicken breed “Ogye” that has entirely black
external features and internal organs, and the other one representative laying hen “White Leghorn” that is notablefor its entirely white plumage. Moreover, we the used an automatic colorimeter that can quantitatively assess thecolorations in L*, a*, b* values. In total, 770 chickens from F2 resource population were measured for L*, a*, b*values, and genotyped based on the Illumina chicken 60 K SNP chip. The results showed that major quantitative
trait locus (QTL) on sex chromosome Z was identified in common by genome-wide association analysis for L*, a*,b* values, which could explain 14 to 48% of the total phenotypic variance. Additional QTL on chromosome 20 was
also found to be significantly associated with the L* and a* values in the population. Candidate genes annotated on
2 significant QTL regions included SRFBP1, FEM1C, GNAS, TSHZ2. Our findings can be used to help to further
understanding of skin pigmentation and might contribute to the selection of specific skin color chicken breeds.
Keywords: genome-wide association study, skin color, F2 resource population, quantitative trait locus

916

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-83

Estimation of the accuracy of genomic predictions forreproductive traits in Korean Hanwoo female populations
using high-density SNP chip
MA Haque1, HC Bae1, TE Um1, EC Lee1, BNR Bae1, JI Won2, J Shill2, BH Park2, JJ Ha3,
YM Lee1 and JJ Kim1
1

Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal
Science, RDA, Korea, 3Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institue, Yeongju, Korea
azizul@ynu.ac.kr

The beef industry has made enormous use of genetic selection to improve economically important traits. The
estimated breeding value (EBV) and accuracy of EBVs are important tools for selecting superior animals to replace
the next generation. This study aimed to predict the breeding values of reproductive traits in Korean Hanwoo
populations to successfully implement genomic selection based on genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV)
by using GBLUP and Bayes B method. The first parity data of calving interval (CI), age at first calving (AFC),
gestation length (GL), and the number of artificial inseminations per conception (NAIPC) traits of 6,823 cows werecollected from nine cities across Gyeongbuk province in South Korea, which were born between 2005 and 2021
and inseminated from 2007 to 2021. About 9,598 cows were genotyped using 52 K Illumina Bovine SNP chips.
By running MTG2 v2.22 and GenSel v4.90, GEBVs were predicted to evaluate the accuracy of the traits. The
accuracies under the GBLUP and Bayes B model for the four female reproductive traits ranged from 0.39 to 0.55,
and 0.35 to 0.49, respectively using the complete data set. The accuracy in GBLUP model for CI, AFC, GL, and
NAIPC were 0.43, 0.39, 0.55, and 0.52, respectively, while Bayes B model accuracies were 0.40, 0.35, 0.49, and0.49, respectively. The GBLUP accuracies were slightly higher than Bayes B accuracies. Therefore, both GBLUP
and Bayes B methods could be used to predict the GEBV for the genomic selection in the Hanwoo reproductive
traits.
Keywords: GBLUP, GEBV accuracy, reproductive traits				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l917

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-85Comparison of genomic prediction accuracy for carcass
traits by slaughtered at 24- and 30- months in Hanwoo
S Byun1, H Min1,C Cho2 and J Lee3
1

Livestock Research Center, NongHyup Agribusiness Group Inc., Anseong 17558, Korea,
Hanwoo Genetic Improvement Center, NongHyup Agribusiness Group Inc., Seosan 31948, Korea,
3
Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Biotechnology andNatural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea

2

qustjsrb1@naver.com

This study investigates the genomic prediction efficiency using four types of high-density single nucleotide
polymorphism (SNP) genotyping panels in Korean Native beef cattle (Hanwoo). We use 10,335 genotyped
individuals as a reference set to identify informative regions and perform genomic prediction. Deregressed
estimated breeding values (DEBVs) and their reliabilities are used as derived response variables from the estimatedbreeding values (EBVs). Bayesian methods were used to identify the informative regions and perform the genomic
prediction for the four carcass traits (Backfat thickness, Eye muscle area, Carcass weight and Marbling score)slaughtered at 24- and 30-months. Common significant window regions are identified in carcass traits between
slaughtered at 24- and 30-months. Higher prediction ability is observed using the DEBV-including parent average
as a response variable, regardless of the SNP genotyping panels and the Bayesian methods, relative to the DEBVexcluding parent average. Furthermore, studying the four carcass trait using a genomic prediction model witha customized SNP genotyping platform including candidate causal variants and a larger genomic dataset may
improve the genomic prediction accuracy in Korean Native beef cattle (Hanwoo).
Keywords: DEBV, EBV, genomic prediction, Hanwoo

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-87

Estimation of genetic parameters and correlation
between genomic breeding values andcarcass traits in Hanwoo steers
HC Bae1, TE Um1, MA Haque1, A Iqbal1, A Shrabana1, EC Lee1, BNR Bae1, JJ Ha2,
YM Lee1 and JJ Kim1
1

Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institue, Yeongju, Korea
bhc202@naver.com

The objective of the present study was conducted to estimate the heritability and the genetic and phenotypiccorrelations between carcass traits such as carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BF),
and marbling score (MS) by using multi-trait animal models using MTG2 v2.22 software from Korean Hanwoo
steers data. Our data comprised genotype and phenotype of total 1,000 Hanwoo steers. All animals were genotyped
using 50K Illumina Bovine SNP chip. Heritabilities for CW, EMA, BF, and MS were estimated using the GBLUP
model which were 0.56, 0.24, 0.47, and 0.41, respectively. The accuracy under the GBLUP model for CW, EMA,
BF, and MS were 0.77, 0.58, 0.73, and 0.69, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficients between genomic
estimated breeding value (GEBV) and phenotypic data for CWT, EMA, BF, and MS were 0.83, 0.76, 0.90, and0.83, respectively (p < 0.001). The results indicate that the GEBV and the actual phenotypic records are highly
correlated. Our finding obtained in this experiment suggests that we could be utilized these results for future
genetic improvement of carcass traits in Hanwoo breeding programs.
Keywords: accuracy, carcass trait, correlation, Hanwoo steer				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l919

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-89Estimation of genetic parameters and correlation between
reproductive and carcass traits in Hanwoo cows
HC Bae1, TE Um1, MA Haque1, A Iqbal1, A Shrabana1, EC Lee1, BNR Bae1, JJ Ha2,
YM Lee1 and JJ Kim1
1

Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea, 2Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institue, Yeongju, Korea
bhc202@naver.com

Beef reproductive phenotypes such as calving interval (CI), age at first calving (AFC), gestation length (GL), andthe number of artificial inseminations per conception (NAIPC) and carcass phenotypes such as carcass weight(CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BF), and marbling score (MS) were used in this study. The
objective of the present study was to estimate the genetic parameters and correlation between genomic estimatedbreeding values (GEBV) of reproductive and carcass traits in Korean Hanwoo cows by using the GBLUP model.
A total of 1,024 Hanwoo cows were used in this study and they are genotyped using 52 K Illumina Bovine SNP
chips. By running a multi-trait model of MTG2 v2022, genetic parameters, genomic estimated breeding values(GEBVs), and its standard errors were predicted to evaluate the accuracy. The heritabilities for CI, AFC, GL,
NAIPC, CWT, EMA, BF, and MS were obtained using GBLUP model which were 0.05, 0.07, 0.10, 0.12, 0.44, 0.35,
0.34, and 0.41, respectively. The GBLUP model accuracies for CI, AFC, GL, NAIPC, CWT, EMA, BF, and MS
were 0.50, 0.61, 0.59, 0.65, 0.72, 0.65, 0.66, and 0.71, accordingly. The heritability and GEBV accuracies weregreater in carcass traits than reproductive traits. The highest positive correlations between reproductive and carcass
traits were 0.35 in GL and MS. The results of the present study encourage the use of female reproductive andcarcass traits assisted by genomic selection to improve the genetic evaluation of the Korean Hanwoo population.
Keywords: carcass trait, GBLUP, Hanwoo, reproductive traits

920

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-91

Genetic composition of Jeju black commercial individuals
and the reciprocal effects of carcass quality traits on GEBV
evaluation in commercial Jeju black cattle
TE Um, HC Bae, MA Haque, A Iqbal, A Shrabana, EC Lee, BNR Bae, YM Lee and JJ Kim
Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
dmsdus0703@ynu.ac.kr

The objective of the present study was to determine the genetic composition and genomic estimated breedingvalue (GEBV) of carcass traits including carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BT),and marbling score (MS) in commercial Jeju Black cattle (JBC; n = 594). The JBC were divided into subset 1(commercial JBC with sire of pure JBC and dam of Hanwoo; n = 536) and subset 2 (commercial JBC with sire of
Hanwoo and dam of pure JBC; n = 58) and their phenotypic and SNP data were collected. Based on the Hanwoo(n = 66) and pure JBC (n = 11) reference populations, genetic composition of JBC and Hanwoo in subsets 1 and 2
were determined using the ADMIXTURE software. The MTG2 software was used to predict the GEBV of whole
population by using multi-trait genomic-best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) model. The genetic compositionof pure JBC for subsets 1 and 2 were 59%, and 31%, respectively. The average GEBVs for CW, EMA, BF, andMS were −1.03, −0.35, 0.18, and −0.06 in subset 1 and 9.38, 3.17, −1.65, and 0.50 in subset 2, respectively. The
correlation between GEBV and phenotypic records for CW, EMA, BF, and MS were 0.72, 0.91, 0.80, and 0.80 insubset 1 and 0.73, 0.90, 0.74, and 0.84 in subset 2, accordingly. Overall, to maintain the genetic composition ofpure JBC, the selection of JBC sire compared with that of JBC dam can be more effective strategy and the GEBV
for carcass traits are greater in Hanwoo sire than JBC sire.
Keywords: genetic composition, GEBV, GBLUP, Jeju black cattle				

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-93Development of an automated genomic ability evaluation
system based on genomic information on
Hanwoo carcass traits
YS Kim1, OC Kwon1, K Tseveen1, EI Hong1, KB Kim2, SH Lee3, JJ Kim4 and HM Park1
1

TNT Research Co. Ltd., Anayna-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 2Korea Institute for Animal Products
Quality Evaluation, Sejong, Korea, 3Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 4Yeunganam
University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
yskim@tntresearch.co.kr

The global trend of the carbon mitigation livestock industry and rising international oil and grain prices aredemanding efficiency in Hanwoo cattle production. To keep pace with these changes, we developed a genomic
ability evaluation system using the genomic information, for produce Korean beef that meets consumer trends
and achieves income stabilization by efficiently improving the productivity of farms. For the reference population
for genomic ability evaluation, sample information was collected from 27 to 32 months of age among Hanwoo
cattle slaughtered from 2017 to 2019. Illumina Hanwoo 50K SNP Chip data were produced for the genomic data,
and the slaughter records were collected as phenotypic data from the Korea Institute for Animal Products Quality
Evaluation (KAPE). The reference population consisting of 20,000 cattle was constructed as a Next Generation
Biogreen21 task by the Animal Molecular Breeding Project group. In addition, the genomic ability evaluation
model of Hanwoo carcass traits was developed through research cooperation between the National Institute forAnimal Science (NIAS, RDA) and the Animal Molecular Breeding Project group and was mounted on the online
system. Using the evaluation model of this system, the accuracy of genomic ability evaluation of the carcass
characteristics of Hanwoo was 70.2% to 73.7%. As for the time required for analysis, the analysis time for 1,000
heads was reduced by about 2.7 times compared to the existing analysis method, confirming that it is an optimized
system that can evaluate Hanwoo in the industrial field and provide information to farms.
Keywords: Hanwoo cattle, genomic ability evaluation, automated system, carcass traits

922

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-95The new combination of MS markers for parentage andidentity testing of Hanwoo
Dongwon Seo, Dong-Joon Kim, Yumi Jo, Mijin Lee, Byeong Kyu Park,
Changmin Oh, Inhye Seo and Myunghum ParkTNT Research Co.,Ltd, Korea
dwseo@tntresearch.co.kr

Hanwoo beef has been recognized for its excellent quality characteristics and is being traded at a high price in thedomestic market. In addition, Hanwoo has high value as a unique breed of Korea, which has improved productivity
and is distributed in the market while maintaining its unique characteristics. Therefore, the combination ofparentage and identity testing markers to identify the individual Hanwoo plays a vital role in maintaining andgrowing the market by preventing illegal distribution. The existing combination of Korean beef parentage andidentity testing markers consisted of dinucleotide markers, so there were difficulties in automating analysis
due to stutter peak. In this study, polymorphisms of markers identified in the Korean cattle population wereconfirmed and verified to put into practice a marker combination using tandem repeat markers from tri to hexa,
developed to compensate for the shortcomings of the existing marker combinations. As a result of examining thepolymorphism of the new marker combinations, it was confirmed that 13 marker combinations except for thegender discrimination marker had an average of 4.5 alleles and a heterozygosity value of 0.54. In addition, as aresult of comparing the group clusters of Hanwoo cattle in two regions, it was possible to confirm the cluster trend
reflecting the regional characteristics of the group. This combination of markers is expected to be usefully utilizedby facilitating the automation of parentage and identity testing of Hanwoo cattle through many validation studies.
Keywords: Hanwoo, microsatellite, parentage, identity				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP9-97Comparison of SNP variation and extent of linkage
disequilibrium in Holstein and Jersey
cattle populations in Korea
HK Lee1, KD Park1, JW Seo2 and JH Lee2
1

Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea, 2GeneApps Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
Joonho@gene-apps.com

Since the Korean dairy industry began in 1902 with 20 Holstein cows, it has consisted of the Holstein breed
without the introduction of new dairy breeds. Recently, Jersey cattle were introduced and produced by embryotransfer to Korea. The number of introduced Jersey cattle was relatively small compared to the Holstein breed, andthere are few related studies in Korea. This study was conducted to investigate the differences in single nucleotide
polymorphism (SNP) variations and to characterize linkage disequilibrium (LD) between Jersey and Holstein
populations in Korea. High-density SNP data were collected from 120 Jersey cattle and 921 Holstein cattle. SNP
genotypes were identified using Illumina BovineSNP50 version3 BeadChip, which covers 53,218 SNPs locatedacross all chromosomes. For a fair comparison, ‘TOP’ strands, developed by Illumina were selected in both breeds.
The allele frequencies of all SNP markers were compared in both breeds, especially for the SNPs which showed
segregation in only one breed. The measures of the LD (r2), the square of the correlation coefficient between thealleles at two loci that are carried by haplotypes, were calculated. The differences between breeds were found in thestatistics of allele frequencies, heterozygosity, r2 between adjacent markers, and effective population size, however,
it is required some additional information due to the small sample size and unclear relatedness among samples in
the Jersey breed.
Keywords: Jersey, Holstein, allele frequency, linkage disequilibrium

924

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP9-99MCW0312 microsatellite variability inindonesian native chickens
F Mustofa1, A P Z N L Sari1, A Fathoni1, H Sasongko2 and D Maharani1
1

Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas GadjahMada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia, 2Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science,
Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
d.maharani@ugm.ac.id

There have been several studies in microsatellite markers in the chicken MHC region in several countries. Oneof the reported markers is MCW0312 which has been found in some chicken populations in the world, but there
is still not enough information about the MCW0312 microsatellite marker for Indonesian native chicken. In thisstudy, we applied the MCW0312 microsatellite marker to investigate the polymorphism of MHC in Indonesian
native chickens. This study investigated the variability of the MCW0312 locus in 173 chickens and six Indonesian
native chicken populations (Merawang, Pelung, Black Kedu, Sentul, Nunukan, and Gaga). The MCW0312 locus
was found in overall populations with a total of 5 alleles. Each private allele was specific to only one nativechicken, alleles 216 bp only can be found in Pelung chicken. Allele 218 can be found in all populations in thisresearch. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.095 (Gaga) to 0.633 (Merawang) with an overall mean of
0.361. The expected heterozygosity values ranged from 0.364 (Black Kedu) to 0.718 (Nunukan) with an overallmean of 0.596. The observed heterozygosity at locus MCW0312 was lower than the expected heterozygosity,
indicating a deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium. The average Polymorphism Information Content(PIC) in all chicken populations was 0.533. This study concludes that the microsatellite locus MCW0312 issufficiently informative to be used as a molecular selection after further investigation. The inclusion of more
microsatellite markers in the genetic diversity data in Indonesian native chickens can provide more accurate
genetic diversity information.
Keywords: microsatellite marker, MCW0312, MHC, Indonesian native chicken				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP10-1Analysis of inflammatory markers in blood related with theoccurrence of subcutaneous abscesses in goats
Ji-Yeong Ku and Jinho Park
College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
as05064@jbnu.ac.kr

As domestic goat breeding has changed from grazing to livestock, the problem of the occurrence of infectious
diseases within the herd is emerging. In particular, the importance of treatment and management is emphasized
because lymph node abscess caused by infection with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis causes economic lossof livestock farmers due to reduced productivity such as weight loss, milk loss, and death of goats. Therefore,
artificial infection research was conducted for the treatment and management of subcutaneous abscesses indomestic goats. Capra hircus species goat experimental group (n = 4) was titrated with C.pseudotuberculosis at
107 CFU/mL and 2 mL was inoculated, and control group (n = 4) was inoculated with brain-heart infusion (BHI)
broth 2 mL. After that, periodic blood sampling was performed to evaluate the change through hematologicalanalysis, inflammatory marker factors and serum protein analysis. As a result, subcutaneous abscess was inducedin the group inoculated with C.pseudotuberculosis, and reductions in RBC, HCT, and Hb and significant increases
in total white blood cell, neutrophil, and monocyte were observed. In addition the levels of acute phase protein(APP), such as fibrinogen, haptoglobin, and SAA, increased rapidly immediately after infection. In the results ofelectrophoretic analysis of serum proteins, it was observed that the level of α globulin was significantly increased.
From this, it is judged that the data on periodic changes in inflammatory markers due to C. pseudotuberculosis
infection can be used as an indicator that can help identification of the severity, treat, and manage of the disease ingoats with subcutaneous abscesses.
Keywords: goat, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, hematological tests, analysis of inflammatory indicators

This subject is supported by the National Institute of Wildlife Disease Control and Prevention as "Specialized
Graduate School Support Project for Wildlife Disease Specialists".

926

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP10-3

Evaluation of efficacy of FeverNil as vaccine stressrelieving agent to reduce the adverse effects of FMD
vaccination in pig
WH Oh, SY Yang, YJ Cho, SJ Lee and JH Han
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
hanjh@kangwon.ac.kr

This study was conducted to confirm the reducing effects of FeverNil (Han Poong, Korea) on stress caused by
the injection of Foot-and-mouth disease vaccine in pigs. Excipients for FMD vaccines in Korea were mainlycomposed of oil and can cause side effects such as pain, fever and inflammation after vaccination. FeverNil is a
FMD vaccine stress-reliever based on acetaminophen mainly. Acetaminophen inhibits the inflammatory response
and has a relieving effect on fever and pain. Thirty pigs (LYD), 8-9 weeks old, were used and divided into 3 groups
including Control (CON), FMD vaccination (vaccine group), FMD vaccine + FeverNil (FeverNil group, oral
administration of 0.2% FeverNil for 5 days after vaccination). We observed changes in BW, serum level of FMDV
antibodies and stress indicators fora total of 14 days in each test group. Total BW gain was significantly increasedin FeverNil group compared to vaccine group. FMDV antibody titers of sera tended to increase in the FeverNilgroup than the only vaccine group, but there is no significant difference statistcally. The levels of serum contents ofthe stress indicators as cortisol, TNF-α and CRP were significantly lower in the FeverNil group than vaccine groupfrom 3 to 14 days after injection of FMD vaccine. In conclusion, administration of 0.2% feed to FeverNil after
vaccination was effective in relieving clinical symptoms as body weight loss and fever, and reducing stress after
FMD vaccination.
Table 1. Changes of cortisol, TNF-alpha and C-reactive protein contents after FMD vaccination with or without FeverNil
Days
Stress indicator
CON
Vaccine group
FeverNil group
D0
Cortisol271.05±60.42
291.38±62.77
297.99±38.60
D3
260.70±49.32
339.99±57.51**
319.62±37.58*(ng/mL)
D5
257.20±56.17
361.58±58.74***
310.31±44.11*, #D7
230.35±43.54
287.51±68.62**
253.38±49.83
D14
232.37±47.25
260.99±77.17
241.17±50.04
D0
TNF-α
64.19±8.56
67.75±15.60
67.61±12.90
D3
51.14±9.1072.99±18.20**
64.60±12.88(pg/mL)
D5
53.62±12.91
74.47±19.26**
59.05±11.88#
D7
53.74±12.85
63.35±14.74
56.17±14.07
D14
53.19±10.62
59.72±14.43
51.24±15.91
D0
CRP
27.03±4.1930.17±2.7929.38±3.46
D325.57±4.83
35.39±5.58***
30.48±4.53*, #(ng/mL)
D5
27.95±3.8634.21±5.34**
29.05±2.84##*
D7
24.72±4.33
29.38±5.33
26.89±4.57
D1423.65±3.4227.61±6.41
25.33±4.99
CON: control, Vaccine group: FMD vaccination group, FeverNil group: FMD vaccine+ FeverNil treatment group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001,
significantly different from control; # p<0.05, ## p<0.01, significantly different from vaccine group				

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP10-5African swine fever virus tropism inexperimentally infected pigs
SI Oh1, VN Bui2, DT Dao2, NA Bui2, DJ Lim1, HG Lee1, YH Jung1, SW Yi1, SHMP Wimalasena1,
E Kim1, EY Bok1, TY Hur1 and HS Lee3
1

National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea, 2National Institute of Veterinary Research,
Hanoi, Vietnam, 3International Livestock Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam
ohsangik@korea.kr

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic viral disease in pigs. Despite theirimportance of the virus, the pathogenesis of ASFV remains obscure. In this study, the localization of virus
replication were investigated in various tissues from experimentally viral infected pigs. Our findings provide
insights into the mechanism and viral course of systemic infection with ASFV in pigs. Twenty eight 7–8-week-old
pigs were intravenously inoculated with 107 HAD50/mL ASFV. All 28 pigs were euthanized at 0 (n = 8), 1 (n = 5), 2 (n= 5), 3 (n = 5), and 5 (n = 5) day-post inoculation (dpi), and sampling was performed immediately for determining
ASFV distribution in spleen, submandibular lymph node (LN), mesenteric LN, inguinal LN, tonsil, lung, liver,kidney, and heart. The viral titer was estimated by a commercial qPCR Kit (Median Diagnostics, Korea) according
to the manufacturer’s instruction. The spleens showed moderately high viral load at 1 dpi (average Ct-value 29.73)
and strongly positive from 2 dpi (24.49) to 5 dpi (23.53). The liver and lung presented weakly ASFV positive at 1
(average Ct-value 32.60) and 2 dpi (30.66), respectively. The overall results indicated that ASFV were replicatedin spleen at the early febrile stage, and rapidly spread to the whole body. The liver is the second target organ,
followed as lung, submandibular LN, and inguinal LN. This study revealed the course of ASFV in the internalorgans of pigs, which could help to better understand in host-viurs interaction.
Keywords: African swine fever, pig, tropism, viral load

928

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP10-7

Dynamics of major acute-phase protein in pigs
experimentally infected with African swine fever virus
SHMP Wimalasena1, KH Cho2, SK Hong2, JY Park2, HG Lee1, YH Jung1, E Kim1, EY Bok1,
SW Yi1, TY Hur1 and SI Oh1
1

National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea,
Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Korea

2

madusha87@korea.kr

African swine fever (ASF) is an acute infectious disease with an almost 100% mortality rate and it has caused
huge economic losses to swine husbandry. Acute-phase protein (APP) plays a key role against viral infection
during the acute phase response. This study aimed to evaluate major APP in experimentally infected pigs with the
African swine fever virus (ASFV). A total of six pigs were experimentally inoculated with ASFV by oral (1 mL of
106 HAD50/mL) and intramuscular injection (IM) routes (1 mL of 103 HAD50/mL). Blood samples were collected
at various time points up to 7 days post-infection (dpi). Selected APPs including C-reactive protein (CRP) andhaptoglobin were analyzed by commercial ELISA kits. The IM inoculated group showed an acute response in CRP
compared to the oral group. The highest CRP levels in IM (5-fold) and oral (6-fold) groups were shown at 2 and3 dpi, respectively. There was a significant difference in CRP concentration between the oral and IM inoculatedgroups at 2,3 and 5 dpi. Haptoglobin in IM and oral groups were increased gradually until 3 and 5 dpi, respectively,
and showed the highest haptoglobin concentration (7.7-fold). Both groups showed acute response with 3-foldelevated haptoglobin levels at 1 dpi. There was no significant difference in haptoglobin concentration between bothgroups. Although oral inoculation of ASFV showed little variation than IM, pigs of both groups exhibit a rapid
serum APP response upon the ASFV challenge. These findings suggested the potential use of haptoglobin and CRP
in monitoring ASF in swine.
Keywords: acute phage protein, African swine fever, Korea, inoculation route				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l929

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP10-9A survey on the relationship between tail length andformation of amputation neuromas at pig slaughterhouses
YC Lee, SJ Han and JH Han
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
hanjh@kangwon.ac.kr

In swine production, piglets are tail docked in order to prevent abnormal tail biting later in life. As known inpreceding researches, the amputation neuromas may occur at the docked tail tip that altered nociceptive thresholds
which cause lifelong pain to pigs. The aim of this study was to investigate the interrelationship between docked
tail length and the formation of amputation neuromas on the aspects of animal welfare. A total 659 pig tails were
cut off 0.5 cm from the tip, and the length and diameter were measured at the pig slaughterhouses. The tail length
was a distance between 1 cm from the root and 0.5 cm from the tip, and the diameter was at the 0.5 cm from thetip. Cross section was made for histological examination using H-E stain. The examined tails divided into 3 groups
according to range of tail length estimated through the referred intact tail length (30.6 ± 0.6 cm in crossbred LYD
by Herskin et al., 2014). Grouping the tails was as follows: Short (length < 7.65, 0~25% tail remain), Medium (7.65≤ length < 15.3, 25~50% tail remain) and Long (15.3 cm ≤ length < 22.95 cm, 50~75% tail remain), respectively.
The sections were examined by Olympus BX50 microscope at magnifications 10X. The percentage of tails withneuromas and the number of neuromas per tail were increased in longer length group, significantly. In conclusion,
neuromas were found throughout all docking lengths, and the extent of neuroma formation was the highest in long
sized tail length.
Table 1. The relationship between tail length and amputation neuroma in pigs
Variables
Number of pigs
Mean tail length (cm)
% of tails with neuromas
Number of neuromas per tail
Mean size of neuromas (µm)

Short
111
6.5
44.1
a
0.5
1,060.0Group (Length)
Medium
482
10.9
60.4
b
0.7
1,046.0

Long
66
18.0
71.2
b
0.9
1,101.5

Total
659
10.9
58.7
0.7
1,054.5l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

p-value

3.4

p < 0.001
p < 0.001
p < 0.001
ns

0.7
334.9

* Data are presented as proportion of pigs or the mean value, as well as the overall standard deviation and the p-value.

930

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP10-11

Analysis of major disease antibody change for 7th Korean
Native Chickens in Poultry Research InstituteAre-Sun You, Bo-Suk Kang, Hwan-Ku Kang, Jin-Joo Jeon, Hyun-Soo Kim, Eui-Chul Hong ,Jiseon Son, Hee-Jin Kim
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea
Effect of Vaccine and propriety of inoculation schedule was investigated through analysis of antibody change for
7th Korean Native chickens in the Poultry Research Institute (PRI). Vaccines were inoculated with injection of
MD and spraying of ND in 1 days old, wing web method of FP and AE-P, eye drops of ILT, MG, drinking water
dosing of ND+IB, IBD, AE and injection of APV, CIAV, Reo+ND+IB+IBD, ND+EDS+IB+AI, ND+AI+IB by PRI
vaccine program for Korean Native Chickens. Blood samples of 5 chickens were taken 12 times during 35~414
days old. Positive rate and grade of titer of antibody against ND, IB, IBD, MG, AE, Reo, APV, CIAV, and LPAI
by blood-drawing time were examined. 100% antibody positive rate of ND, IBD, IB was shown after 69 days old
and grade of titer was 6.6-9.4, 4.8-10, 3.2-10. 100% antibody positive rate of LPAI was shown after 127 days old,
APV after 176 days old, Reo after 289 days and grade of titer was 5-11, 1.4-13.4, 0.4-3.4 respectively. Positive
rate of MG, AE, CIAV was 40-100, 20-100, 60-100% and grade of titer was 0.8-7, 0.2-6.6, 1-3.6 respectively.
Although Grade titer of APV was over 11 then APV infection was suspected, no symptom was shown. As a result,
Inoculation number and time of ND, IB, IBD, LPAI vaccine was considered to be adequate MG and AE vaccines
were shown different time for antibody production and disappearance by individuals, therefore was considered toneed management of environment for disease prevention in late raise.

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP10-13

Subsistence of African swine fever virus and viral
antibodies in survivor pigs by natural infection
DD Luc1, LV Phan1, NT Anh1, NH Thinh1, HX Bo1, PK Dang1, HTM Le1, NV Giap1,
VD Ton1 and F Farnir2
1

Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
ddluc@vnua.edu.vn

The first outbreak of African Swine Fever (ASF) was confirmed in February 2019 in Hung Yen province, Northof Vietnam. The outbreak then spread to all 63 cities and provinces in the country. Some pigs survived in infected
farms, raising questions on the origin of this survival. A first hypothesis was these pigs, although in infected farms,
might not have been infected. We carried out this study to refute this hypothesis by confirming the subsistenceof ASF virus (ASFV) and ASF viral antibodies in survivor pigs. Blood samples of 373 survivor pigs werecollected from 28 farms located in 12 provinces, including North, Centre, Highland, and South Vietnam. ASF
viral antibodies were detected from serum by Elisa method while ASFV was tested from DNA by real-time PCR.
We observed the persistence of ASF viral antibodies in 184 survivor pigs (49.33%), and the joint presence of thevirus and of antibodies in 26 additional individuals (6.79%). These results confirm that among survivor pigs, not
all animals were exposed to ASFV and that some infected animals could cope with the infection. Further researchshould be conducted to study the antibodies and virus dynamics, and to further elucidate potential resistancemechanisms.
Keywords: ASF, virus, antibodies, swine, survivor

932

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP10-15

Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP) assay-based test kit for the detection/screening ofcaprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV)MM Balbin, DG dela Cruz, JJ Gautane, MA Villanueva, GASP Tubalinal, CN Mingala
Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija Philippines
mavillanueva1229@gmail.com

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) is a retroviral disease which causes serious multi-organ dysfunction in goatscharacterized by long incubation period and persistent infection. The presence of CAE virus (CAEV) in the herd
may cause great loss in animal production. Detection of this virus can be done through serological tests such as
enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) and recently, molecular tests such as polymerase chain reaction(PCR). However, these techniques are laborious and require expensive equipment that may not be present in somelaboratories thus, may not be suitable in resource-limited areas or in field settings. We developed a simple dry
format loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay to detect CAEV. The dried format LAMP can detect
CAEV in clinical samples through amplification of the CAEV proviral DNA at an isothermal temperature of 60˚C
for 15 minutes to 1 hour in a heat block or water bath. The dry format LAMP is stable at room temperature, 4˚Cand −20˚C hence, this permits conduct or use of the technique even in resource-limited areas. This simple andrapid test is also sensitive and specific and offers a lower cost molecular-based test for the detection of CAEV.
Keywords: dry format, CAEV, proviral DNA, LAMP

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP10-17

Broad targeting of C-type lectin receptors and TLR3 by
a cationic adjuvant formulation (CAF09) combined withpustulan in chicken subunit vaccines may support cell
mediated immunity
Tina S Dalgaard1, Rikke B Kjaerup1, Frederik T Larsen2, Dennis Christensen3, Signe T Schmidt3,
Keesun Yu4 and Cheol-Heui Yun4
1

Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Foulum, Denmark, 2Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, 3Department of
Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4Department ofAgricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences,
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
tina.dalgaard@anis.au.dk

Improved adjuvants are needed for viral subunit vaccines in chickens e.g. against the coronavirus infectious
bronchitis virus (IBV) to induce cell-mediated immunity (CMI). Previously, we have assessed several glycan-based
adjuvants for directly targeting mammalian C-type lectin receptors using chicken bone marrow-derived dendritic
cells in vitro. The β-1-6-glucan, pustulan, was identified as a potential candidate for adjuvant formulation targetingchicken antigen presenting cells. We hypothesized that cationic liposome adjuvant formulation containing pustulan
together with a TLR3 ligand may support CMI in IBV subunit vaccination in chickens. CAF09 (DDA, MMG
and Poly(I:C)) was preformulated with 20 mg/mL of pustulan. Immediately before vaccination the adjuvant was
mixed with inactivated IBV antigen (1 vaccine dose: 20 μg of antigen in 200 uL). Chickens were intramuscularly
vaccinated at 1 week of age followed by revaccination intranasally at 4 weeks of age. Chickens were finallyintranasally challenged with live IBV at 10 weeks of age. The viral load after challenge in chickens vaccinatedwith CAF09/pustulan adjuvanted vaccine was not reduced when compared with unvaccinated chickens. However,
3 days post challenge, significant reductions in the number of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cell expressing theactivation marker, CD57 were observed in the CAF09/pustulan vaccinated chickens. Furthermore, IBV-specificcirculating T cells from CAF09/pustulan vaccinated chickens were prominent IL-17 or IFN-γ producers.
In conclusion, we showed impact on CMI by CAF09/pustulan adjuvanted IBV vaccines. However, further
optimization of antigen doses and vaccination strategy is needed.
Keywords: chickens, liposome adjuvants, subunit vaccines, coronavirus

934

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP10-19

Dynamic changes of metabolome and immunity in Jersey
steers under heat stress
SJ Lee1, DS Park1, JS Eom2 and M Kim1
1

Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea,
Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Korea

2

wjrm4862@naver.com

Heat stress (HS) affects physiological and immunological functions in various manner. However, the fundamental
mechanism by which heat stress induces metabolic and immunological responses mechanisms in domestic animals
by HS remains unknown. This study aimed to examine the changes of immune and metabolic responses in Jersey
steers under heat stress conditions. In this study, we examinedthe metabolic changes in three biofluids (rumen fluid,
serum, and urine) and the immune cell proportions and functions in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)of metabolome in HS-free (THI < 64) and HS-exposed Jersey steers (THI > 79). RNA-sequencing was performed
for analysis of transcriptomic changes in immune cells. We also examined immune cell population and functions inblood PBMCs by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR. The proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses was
performed for embolic changes in three biofluids. A metabolomic analysis revealed that HS decreased riboflavinme-tabolism and the expression of glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism-related genes. Moreover, metabolic
pathways, such as the HIF-1 signaling pathway, were downregulated in immune cells by HS (p < 0.05). Heat
stress notably reduced the proportions of CD21+MHCII+ B cell populations and γδ T cell populations in Jersey
steers. These findings, along with the datasets of pathways and phenotypic differences as potential biomarkers in
jersey steers, can provides more in-depth perspective to elucidate the inter-related metabolic and immunologicalpathways in condition of heat stress. This study would help to develop new strategies to ameliorate the effects of
HS, including disease susceptibility and metabolic disorders, in Jersey steers.
Keywords: heat stress, Jersey steer, metabolome, transcriptome				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

935

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PP10-21

A Weissella paramesenteroides mastitis outbreak in asmallholder dairy farm with long-term high bulk somatic
cell count: a case report
Anyaphat Srithanasuwan1,2, Noppason Pangprasit1,3, Montira Intanon4,5 andWitaya Suriyasathaporn2,5
1

Ph.D. Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak
University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand, 4Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public
Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 5Research Center of Producing
and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health and Production, Chiang Mai
University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
anyaphat.sw@gmail.com

Mastitis is generally considered the costliest disease of dairy cows. Subclinical mastitis or milk with a highsomatic cell count (SCC) reduces the quantity and quality of milk. Knowing subclinical mastitis pathogens, mostly
from staphylococci and streptococci, is important for the mastitis control program. Therefore, this study aimed
to report a Weissella paramesenteroides mastitis outbreak in a smallholder dairy farm with long-term high bulk
SCC. The smallholder dairy farm in Khon Kaen, Thailand, participated in the mastitis research project of Chiang
Mai University was included. All quarter milk samples from 26 lactating cows were aseptically collected forbacterial identification according to the National Mastitis Council guideline and confirmed by MALDI-ToF MS.
Based on the results of bacterial identification, a high prevalence of intramammary infection (52.8% at the quarter
level) was found. Results from the conventional bacterial identification showed that the most prevalent bacteria
were Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 33, 60%), followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 12, 21.8%) and
Other Streptococci (n = 10, 18.2%). The use of MALDI-ToF MS revealed that most Streptococcus spp. were W.
paramesenteroides (n = 10, 18.2%). As the same biochemical appearance of both bacteria might cause the wrong
diagnosis, technicians must be careful with the coccobacilli morphology of W. paramesenteroides. Among the rarereport on this pathogen, this finding is the first report of W. paramesenteroides mastitis outbreak on a smallholder
dairy farm in a tropic. Therefore, infectious dynamics, for example, transmission, symptoms, and self-cure, need to
be explored to understand and have an optimal control program for W. paramesenteroides mastitis.
Keywords: Weissella paramesenteroides, bovine mastitis, subclinical mastitis

936

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP10-23

The effect of poultry feeding onheat stress with Prinsepia uniflora
Chia-Hung Yen1, Yi-Ming Chen1, His-Wen Hung2, Jeng-Bin Lin2 and Tsui-Miao Chen2
1

Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan, 2Livestock Research Institution, Taiwan
chentmkimo@gmail.com

In this project, we applied a semiautomatic high-throughput screening system and identified an extract PUE
prepared from Prinsepia uniflora, a TopGrade Drugs in Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing is a potent Nuclear factor
erythroid-2-related factor (NRF2) activator. NRF2 activator and its downstream genes play important roles inpreventing cell damage caused by oxidative stress. Excessive cellular reactive oxygen species formation, which
results in oxidative stress has been associated with heat stress. Therefore, plant extracts that can activate NRF2
activity could have the potential for relieving heat stress on poultry. In this project, the goal is to complete thepreparation of feed containing ePUE and feed it to white broilers to test its impact. The results showed that thecatalase activity in the serum was significantly improved in the PUE-administered group. Antioxidant genes
NQO1, GCLC and SOD2 showed a significant increase in the 1% ePUE group, while the inflammatory factors IL6,
IL10 and IL1B showed a significant decrease after feeding PUE. Heat shock proteins HSP90 and HSF1 increased
significantly in the 1% ePUE group; the ePUE component fingerprint also has preliminary analysis results. From
the results of ultraviolet light spectrum analysis, it can be seen that the 7 components have strong UV absorption,
but still need more standards for subsequent qualitative and quantitative tests.
Keywords: poultry, heat stress, Prinsepia uniflora				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP10-25

Evaluation of the safety and protective effect forkidney cell using five medicinal plants
JY On, GW Ga, JM Kim, SG Moon, SH Kim, SW Jeon and SK Kim
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
on7701@naver.com

This study was conducted to estimate the safety and protective effect for kidney cell using five medicinal plants.
Five plants (turmeric, ganghwa mugwort, glasswort, annual wormwood, and omija) were used after fermentationfor 16 h. Cell viability was estimated in the concentration of 0–50 ug/mL. As a result, the cell viability of turmeric
extracted by hot water was decreased according to the concentration, showing increased cytotoxicity. The
concentration of over 12.5 ug/mL had significant differences. The cell viability of annual wormwood of hot water
extracts was also decreased following to the concentration and over 25 ug/mL in significantly differences. The
protective effect of kidney cells was investigated for the medicinal plants. Cisplatin is a chemotherapy medicament
having anticancer effects, but its use is limited due to nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and peripheral neurotoxicity. The
ability of protection on kidney cell against cisplatin was estimated as cell viability (%). The results of turmeric,ganghwa mugwort, glasswort, and omija extracted by hot water showed near in the 60% range. Annual wormwood
appeared in the 40% range of cell viability and at 25 ug/mL concentration with significant differences. Therefore,
ganghwa mugwort, glasswort, and omija were effective on kidney cell protection. Further studies are needed tofind useful medicinal plants in order to protect kidney cells.
Keywords: cytotoxicity, kidney cells, medicinal plant938

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-1The prevalence of causative agents of calf diarrhea in
Korean native calves
Ji-Yeong Ku1, Jeong-Byoung Chae2, Kyoung-Seong Choi3 and Jinho Park1
1

College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea, 2Laboratoryof Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research,
Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National
University, Seoul 08826, Korea, 3Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of
Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, 37224, Korea
as05064@jbnu.ac.kr

Prevention is still the best approach to reduce the disease, and monitoring for pathogens is one of the mostimportant preventive actions. This study was performed to investigate the distribution of causative agents ofcalf diarrhea in Korean native beef calves aged less than 60 days in Korea and to discern their association withdiarrhea. From 2016–2017, calves in 10 farms in different areas of Korea were selected for feces collection. Then
two types of real-time PCR were performed using specific primer sets for each pathogen: one for the 3 viruses(bovine rotavirus, bovine coronavirus, bovine viral diarrhea virus) and the other for the bacteria and protozoa(Cryptosporidium parvum , Escherichia coli K99, Salmonella species). Also to detect Eimeria species., fecal
samples were analyzed to detect oocysts using the floatation methods with Sheather’s solution and examined
microscopically based on the morphological features of the oocysts of the Eimeria spp. According to our results,
the presence of pathogens was significantly associated with diarrhea, and also there was a significant linear trend
when comparing fecal scores and the number of detected agents. Especially C. parvum (p = 0.001) and bovine
rotavirus (p < 0.001) had a significantly higher presence in diarrheic calves than in non-diarrheic calves. And there
was a significant linear trend between the detection rate of only Eimeria spp. and the age group (p < 0.05). In
conclusion this suggested that pathogens were the one of the primary factors related to diarrhea in Korean native
beef calves.
Keywords: calf diarrhea, Korean native beef calves, enteric pathogens, prevalence				

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-3

Efficient washing protocol for animal
Eimeria collected from feces
JR Kim, JO Cha, KS Shim and DR Kang
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
dahaseyo@naver.com

Coccidiosis is a very serious disease in chickens, and it is one of the chicken diseases that cause great economic
loss to the poultry industry. There are several Eimeria species of chicken coccidiosis, and the site of infection andsymptoms of infection are also diverse. Coccidium protozoa is excreted together with feces to have infectivity only
when differentiation proceeds in the presence of appropriate humidity, temperature, and oxygen. Since coccidium
protozoa is excreted mixed in feces, pure isolation of coccidium protozoa is very important for research. Also thewashing process is very important for DNA PCR on differentiation and species classification for coccidium study,
artificial cell infection, and passage infection for protozoa amplification. However existing fecal washing protocol
for the collection of coccidium protozoa has a complicated process, and this complicated process has resulted in a
lot of loss of coccidium protozoa. We present a protocol with low loss of protozoa, no change in concentration ofsaturated saline and saturated sugar solutions used for washing, and no change in centrifuge RPM and time. As aresult of washing feces with a new washing protocol, pure isolation of coccidium protozoa was possible. Therefore
we will contribute to coccidium research by developing a new washing protocol that reduces the loss of protozoa
and reduces the time and effort for washing feces.
Keywords: Eimeria, oocyst, feces, washing protocol

940

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-5

Animal gut microbiome bank (AGMB)SW Ryu1, BS Oh1, SY Yu1, JE Bak1, SW Kang1, SH Park1, MK Lee1, JY Lee1, HJ Jung2, TY
Hur2, HB Kim3, JK Kim4, JH Lee5 and JH Lee1
Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of
Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Korea, 2National Institute of Animal Science,
Cheonan 31000, Korea, 3Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan
31116, Korea, 4Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute,Jeongeup 56212, Korea, 5Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural
Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
1juhuck@kribb.re.kr

As the gut microbiota have been shown to play a fundamental role in human health, in animal the populationand diversity of the gut microbiota are responsible for their health including nutritional, physiological andimmunological functions. In several studies, the livestock including pig and cow microbiota were strongly
correlated with host fitness and production along with different growth stages. However, the perturbation of gut
microbiota called dysbiosis leads to loss of gut barrier function, and gives rise to pathogenic infection. While
metagenomics based on culture-independent study largely contributed to discover the importance of gut microbiota
in human and animal health, the isolation of gut microbes based on culture-dependent study has been recently
realized more important in gut microbiota field because the isolated gut microbiota will be needed for further
study such as verification or characterization of the functions of gut microbiota, and development of probiotic andpharmabiotics. Therefore, we planned to collect large scale of animal gut microbiota from pigs and cows, and has
performed Animal Gut Microbiome Bank (AGMB) project since 2019. Until now, we have isolated and preserved
8,714 strains comprising 524 species from 192 pigs, 224 Korean cows, and 76 dairy cow samples. Furthermore,from this year we have initiated the distribution of our isolated gut microbiota; the information of microbes can bechecked in the AGMB homepage (https://www.kobic.re.kr/agmb/), and please contact to juhuck@kribb.re.kr forthe distribution. We believe that our resources will help the research and development of animal gut microbiota.
Keywords: gut microbiome, probiotics, culturomics, livestockThis work was supported by the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program (Project No. NRF2019M3A9F3065226) of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science andICT (MSIT) of the Korea.

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-7

Effects of probiotic supplementation on growth
performance and fecal microbiota in heat-stressed broilers
HY Kuo and IH Chang
Livestock Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan
hsiaoyun.kuo@gmail.com

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotic with heat stress on changes in fecal microbiota,
including changes in growth performance. Sixty 14-day-old broilers were equally divided into 2 treatment groups,
a control group (C) with basal feed and a probiotic group (L) with 200 ppm Lactobacillus supplementation. The
broilers were at 35℃ for 8 h daily and the fecal contents of the broiler were then extracted on days 35. Genomic
DNA was extracted and amplified based on the V3~V4 domain of bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA high-throughput
sequence analysis. The results showed that the average daily gain and average daily feed intake were significantly
increased and that the feed conversion ratio were significantly decreased on L group. The results of taxonomy
annotation analysis present influenced on the composition of fecal microbiota by Lactobacillus supplement
feed. In particular, at the phylum level the composition of Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Fusobacteria,
and Cyanobacteria in L group were increased than that of C group, and Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, andActinobacteriota in L group were reduced than that of C group. In addition, the composition of Lactobacillus andEnterococus in L group were increased than that of C group, and the Phocaeicola and Faecalibacterium in L groupwere decreased than that of C group. In conclusion, the Lactobacillus supplement feed can improve the growth
performance of boilers on heat stress and changed the fecal microbiota which could provide the basis for further
research on the adjustment programs of heat stress.
Keywords: probiotic, broiler, fecal microbiota, heat stress942

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-11

Isolation and genetic analysis of Pediococcus acidilactici
BB2-4M implicated in low methane emissions
M Won, KM Koo, DH Kim, D Lee, BH Han, SB Hong, SW Kwon and J Heo
Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju-gun, Korea
mywon87@korea.kr

The effort to reduce methane emissions is enhanced due to global warming. Hydrogen produced by ruminal
microbiota is not only utilized for volatile fatty acids production but causes methane production to maintain therumen pH. Therefore, methane production is essential for cattle to survive, even though it is a greenhouse gasthat must be reduced. In this study, the strain Pediococcus acidilactici BB2-4M was isolated from cattle faeces
and analyzed the ability of methane reduction. The screening medium was used MRS and incubated at 37℃ for 2days. In vitro rumen fermentation was performed for pH, ammonia-N, VFAs and methane production for 24 h. The
complete genomic sequence of strain BB2-4M was sequenced using the PacBio Sequel sequencing platform, and
SMRTbell templates were prepared for the genomic library via the SMRT Link pipeline version 10.1 by Macrogen.
As the result of the in vitro fermentation, methane production in strain BB2-4M was significantly decreased rather
than control (p < 0.05), and ammonia-N was significantly increased (p < 0.05). The genome of Pediococcus
acidilactici BB2-4M contains a circular chromosome (2,040,105 bp) and one plasmid (60,691 bp). The G+C
contents of strain BB2-4M was 42.0%. The genome consists of 1,966 protein coding genes and 75 RNA coding
genes. Genome analysis using RAST annotation was confirmed 802 subsystems.
Keywords: Pediococcus acidilactici, cattle faeces, methane, in vitro fermentation

This study was carried out with the support (PJ016776) of National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural
Department Administration, Korea.

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943

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-13

A study on relationship between microbiota of newborn
calves, their mothers and colostrum
DH Kim, DJS Jung, DH Lim, JH Lee, EJ Jeon and KS Ki
Dairy Science Division, National Institute of Animal Sicence,
Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea
kimdh3465@korea.kr

The calves period can be said to be the most important time in the cow's entire life because it is a period inwhich various physiological changes such as the development of the digestive tract, the settlement of intestinal
microbes, and the development of immunity occur. In particular, it is at this point that the calves are inoculatedwith microorganisms. It is known that once the rumen microbiota are established in the host, it is restored to theoriginal microbial flora established in the host even if another microbiota are transplanted. Therefore, this study
conducted to investigate the relationship with the mother cows in the formation of microbiota in the early stageof calf growth. The experiment was conducted with a total of 40 animals, using 10 each of two breeds (Holsteinand Jersey) of mother and calves. To investigate the relationship between calves microbiota formation and mothercows, saliva and fecal samples from mother cows 24 hours before calving and colostrum samples from days 1 to
3 after calving were collected and analyzed. In calves feces, no microorganisms were detected on the first day ofafter calving, but proteobacteria and firmicutes were found at 57.3 and 42.4%, respectively. The microbiota foundin the feces of calves on Day 2 were established in the intestinal tract by the microorganisms inoculated throughcolostrum feeding with mother cows. Collectively, it might be that the dominant microbiota in the intestinal tractof calves can be applied by control of microorganisms in colostrum.
Keywords: microbiota, mother cow, calves, colostrum944

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-15

Genome-wide identification and functional characterizationof bat cathelicidins
M Choi, HS Cho, N Soundrarajan, P Somasundaram and C Park
Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk
University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
alooomjc@gmail.com

Bats have been known as host animals for diverse pathogenic viruses to human and other animals including
SARS-CoV-2. More than 1,400 species of bats (chiroptera) have been identified, but our understanding on
the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) which is an important component of the innate immune system of bats has
been limited. We retrieved 400 protein sequences of the five major families of annotated animal AMPs from the
UniProtKB/Swissprot database as queries and conducted blastp analysis against the genomes of Rhinolophus
ferrumequinum (mRhiFer1_v1.p). As a result, we identified 27 putative AMP genes including 3 alpha-defensins,
21 beta-defensins, and one each of cathelicidin, hepcidin and LEAP-2. Subsequently, the analysis was extended
to genomes of seven other bat species, and a total 19 cathelicidin-like sequences were identified and further
analyzed to predict antimicrobial activity core region and secondary structures using bioinformatics tools (SignalP,
HMMER, AMPA, DBAASP, and PSIPRED). Based on our prediction, we concluded the presence of a single
functional cathelicidin in bats like rodents. We chemically synthesized cathelicidins of three different bat species (H.
armiger, M. lucifugus and P. discolor) and evaluated their antibacterial and antifungal activities. These cathelicidins
showed strong antibacterial and antifungal activities without any cytotoxicity to a human keratinocyte cell line,
HaCaT. These bat AMPs could be useful for therapeutic candidates in infectious diseases or feed additivities forlivestock production as antibiotic alternatives.
Keywords: bat, antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin, innate immunity				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

945

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-17

Streptococcus ruminicola sp. nov., a new species of the
Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex(SBSEC) isolated from the rumen in
Korean domestic ruminants
SY Park1, JH Kim2 and SW Seo1
1

Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea
sonnyeng@o.cnu.ac.kr

A total of three gram-positive, and oxidase- and catalase-negative facultative anaerobic non-motile bacteria
were isolated from the rumen fluid of cows and goats and those strains were designated CNU_G2T, CNU_7761, and CNU_G3. They grew at 20–45°C, pH 6.5–7, and 0–6.5% NaCl (w/v). Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S
rRNA genes revealed that the strains belong to the genus Streptococcus, the similarity values of groEL, rpoB,
and gyrB for the three isolates to S. infantarius subsp. infantarius ATCC BAA-102T were 97.1–99.3%. The G+C
contents (%) of the three isolates were 37.8-37.9. Phylogenomic analysis CNU_G2 T, CNU_77-61, and CNU_
G3 were distinct from other Streptococcus species. The average nucleotide identity between the isolates andthe closest strains S. infantarius subsp. infantarius ATCC BAA-102T were 94.0–94.5%, while the digital DNADNA hybridization (dDDH) values between the isolates and the aforementioned related strains were 61.4–58.2%,
respectively. Fatty acid analysis revealed higher proportions of C16:0 (>28%) in all three isolates and existingstrains, while the proportion of C18:0 was only higher in CNU_G2T (25.8%) and S. gallolyticus subsp. pastuerianus
NEM 1202T (28.1%); however, it was less than 12% in all remaining strains. The C14:0 composition of strains
CNU_77-61 (22.1%) and CNU_G3 (24.1%) was higher than that of type strains of CNU_G2T (8.1%). Based on
the morphological, biochemical, and molecular phylogenetic features of the three novel isolates, they represent a
novel species of the genus Streptococcus, which we propose as Streptococcus ruminicola sp. nov. The type strain is
CNU_G2T (=KCTC 43308= GDMCC 1.2785).
Keywords: SBSEC, rumen fluid, novel species, polyphasic taxonomy

946

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-19

The field test in a pig farm bysystemic probiotics application
Y Shin1, HJ Jang1, M Park1, DH Kim1,2 and Y Kim1
1

Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup-si, Korea,
2
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea
tlsfla@cialm.or.kr

Eco-probiotics solution (EPS) has been developed to demonstrate probiotics effects in livestock. In this study, three
types of probiotic products such as feed supplements, sludgy-applicable probiotics, and environment-applicableprobiotics were applied to 20 commercial pig farms. After the feed supplement application, the intestinal
microbiome in pigs changed after applying the feed supplements. Especially, Euryarchaeota were increased andTenericutes and Cyanobacteria were decreased. When we analyzed the productivity of the pig farms, the growing
rate after weaning and feed efficiency were improved after the application. When the combined probiotics (sludgyapplicable probiotics and environment-applicable probiotics) were applied, aerobic and facultative anaerobic
bacteria were increased in sludgy while anaerobic bacteria were decreased. In addition, total solids, total suspended
solids, and total volatile solids within sludgy were decreased. From measuring malodorous substances in air
samples of the farms, sulfur compounds (hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, and dimethyl
disulfide), volatile fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, i-Butyric acid, valeric acid, and i-Valericacid), phenols were reduced after the application of the combined probiotics. These results suggest that probiotics
could contribute to the productivity of pigs and the attenuation of malodors in pig farms.
Keywords: malodor, pig, probiotics, productivity

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947

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-21

Characterization of rumen-originated membrane vesicles
and functionality evaluation using C. elegans animal model
HJ Choi, DY Mun, WJ Lee, AN Kang, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee, SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
zni901@snu.ac.kr

The rumen fluids contains a wide range of bacteria, protozoa, fungus, and viruses. The various ruminal
microorganism in the rumen provide nutrients by fermenting the forage they mainly eat. During the metabolic
process, microorganisms present in rumen release various vesicles during the fermentation process. Therefore, inthis study, we confirm the function of rumen membrane vesicle (MV) and interaction with pathogen bacteria. We
confirmed the structure of the rumen MV by TEM and the size of the particle using Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis(NTA). Rumen MVs range in size from 100 nm to 400 nm and are composed of microvesicles, microparticles andectosomes. Using the C. elegans smart animal model, we verified the interaction between the host and Rumen
MVs. When C. elegans exposed to rumen MV did not significantly enhance longevity or innate immune genes,
whereas C. elegans exposed to pathogen bacteria E. coli O157 significantly increase lifespan. Furthermore,transcriptone analysis showed gene expression alterations in C. elegans exposed to rumen MVs, with the asignificant change in the Metabolic pathway, Fatty acid degradation, Biosynthesis of cofactors. Our study describes
the effect of the rumen MVs interaction with host, and provides novel insights for discovering biotherapeutic
agents in animal industry.
Keywords: rumen fluids, membrane vesicle, C. elegans, biotherapeutic agents

948

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-23

Dietary postbiotic heat-killed lactobacilli modulates onbody weight associated with gut microbiota in a pig model
SD Ryu, AN Kang, DY Mun, WJ Lee, HJ Choi, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi,
D Lee, JB Lee and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
ryusd@snu.ac.kr

Until now, the Lactobacillus genus has been actively studied as a probiotic that can control obesity and various
diseases by positively affecting the intestinal health of the host. This research aimed to confirm the anti-obesity
effect of heat-killed Lactobacillus spp. 189 (HK-189) supplementation by studying changes in gut microbiota
composition in pig model. Forty-eight pigs were fed on daily either a basal diet or a diet supplemented with HK189 for 4 weeks. The effect of HK-189 supplementation on the proportion and function of the gut microbiota
was revealed by 16S rRNA metagenome sequencing analysis. In the results, we first confirmed that HK-189
supplementation reduced the growth perfermance of pigs. Next, metagenome analysis showed that HK-189
supplementation changed the gut microbiota composition of the pigs. The most important changes were a decrease
the proportion of Prevotella and increase the proportion of Parabacteroides. Beta-diversity analysis showeda significant difference between the two groups and the results support that supplementation of HK-189 bringabout changes in the intestinal microbiota in the pig model, showing anti-obesity effects. Furthermore, we foundinteration in the functional pathways of the gut microbiota. The functional pathway study revealed that metabolism
and lipid metabolism differed between the two groups. Our data may contribute to understanding the value of HK189 as a postbiotic for the anti-obesity effects in the animal-originated food industry.
Keywords: Lactobacillus spp, anti-obesity, postbiotic, gut microbiota				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l949

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-25

Integrated biobank for agriculture, food and livestock
microbiome: effective culturomics approach to explore thegut microbiota of domestic and companion animals
WJ Lee, DY Mun, HJ Choi, AN Kang, MG Kang, JK Park, YB Choi, D Lee, JB Lee,SD Ryu and YH Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
tjrhrwnd@snu.ac.kr

The gut microbiota has been associated with host health by aiding colonic fermentation, improving energy
efficiency, and preventing pathogenic bacterial infection. Although metagenomics has changed the research ofgut microbes and our knowledge of intestinal microbiota and health, it has a number of limitations including ahigh detection threshold and DNA extraction errors. In this study, we established on the “Integrated Biobank for
Agriculture, Food and Livestock Microbiome” and explored novel gut microbiota from domestic and companion
animals using cultural approaches with various culture medium and conditions. To examine the association
between bacteria and health, it is important to keep bacteria in vitro. In this study, using culturomics approaches,
we identified 1,250 strains from domestic animals including pig, and chicken feces and rumen gastric fluid as wellas companion animal. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, which are the primary sources of odor, were used to assess
the capacity of the isolated bacteria to decrease odor-causing chemicals in the digestive tract. Excellent odorreducing bacteria were evaluated for their acid and bile resistance, which is the capacity to survive digestive fluids.
In addition, the ability of the selected bacteria to adhere to intestinal epithelial cells was evaluated to assess theircapacity for intestinal colonization. Therefore, the objective of this study is to isolate bacteria from the feces ofvarious animals-originated samples and identify bacteria using culturomics approaches, and evaluate the various
properties of the bacteria in vitro in order to get a better knowledge of interrelationship with the animal host.
Keywords: domestic and companion animals, culturomics, gut microbiota, integrated biobank

950

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-27

Development of health functional microbial products fordogs using dog-derived probiotic strains
MJ Kim, YM Hwang, YJ Kim, BJ Moon and SH LeeWOOGENE B&G CO., LTD., Hwaseong-si, Korea
mjk@woogenebng.com

Probiotics exert beneficial effects on host health through different mechanisms of action, such as productionof antimicrobial substances, competition with pathogens, enhancement of host mucosal barrier integrity andimmunomodulation. Two strains with excellent acid resistance and bile resistance were selected from 18 typesof lactic acid bacteria isolated from dog feces. As a result of 16s rRNA gene sequencing, they were identified as
Lactobacillus reuteri LBR_C1 and Lactobacillus acidophilus LBA_C5, respectively. Both strains have inhibitory
ability against general bacteria and diarrhea-causing bacteria, and LBR_C1 shows 85.8% and LBA_C1 60.4%
intestinal fixation ability. Full-length genome detoxification of both strains was completed. In addition, microbial
diversity and abundance were analyzed weekly using gut microbiome data from mice fed control and three usefulmicrobes. As a result, the abundance of microorganisms was significantly increased at 4 weeks later in the LBR_C1
and LBA_C5 fed groups. A high yield was secured by establishing a mass culture process system, and formulation
was completed based on palatability, stability, and market preference. In addition, a specification experiment was
conducted to confirm the safety and effectiveness of the finished product to confirm the safety (skin irritation, acuteoral toxicity) and effectiveness (immunological function: IgG increase, IgE decrease, Intestinal epithelial tissue
analysis, fecal score evaluation). Conclusively, these results could provide comprehensive understanding of theeffects of probiotic strains (LBR_C1, LBR_C5) and their industrial applications.
Keywords: probiotics, dog, microbiome, health				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-29

DL-indole-3-lactic acid (ILA) alleviates DSS-induced colitis
in mice through inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ
X Wang, D Li, H Jo and S Oh
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
wangxing920801@126.com

Previous studies reported that Latilactobacillus curvatus BYB3 and indole can be metabolized into indole-3-lactic
acid (ILA). We investigated the regulatory activity of ILA derived on the expression of inflammatory cytokines
and tight junction (TJ) associated proteins in colitis induced mice models. This study aimed to explore the themolecular mechanism involved in the protective ILA effect against inflammation. In a 14-day dextran sulfate
sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, treatment of ILA showed significantly decreased in the diseaseactivity index score. In addition, histological analyses showed that treatment with ILA protected the structural
integrity of the intestinal epithelial layer and mucin-secreting goblet cells from DSS-induced damage, with only
slight infiltration of immune cells. Western blotting analyses showed that the expression of the TJ proteins, ZO-1
and claudin-1, were increased in ILA-treated mice compared to that of DSS induced mice. Consistently, the gene
expression of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and IFN-γ) was also suppressed in the ILA-treatedmice. These results indicate that ILA may have health-promoting effects via immune modulation and may thus beapplicable for therapy of various inflammatory diseases.
Keywords: probiotics, dextran sulfate sodium, indole-3-lactic acid952

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-31

The effects of a dietary supplement with barley sprout on
the gut microbiome in dog
HW Cho, KM Seo, JR Chun and KH Kim
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Korea
jhwoo3856@korea.kr

Barley (Hardeum vulgare) sprout is known as functional food that offer health benefits containing various
physiologically active compounds (Polycosanol, saponarin, lutonarin, etc.) beyond basic nutrition. Therefore,
many studies have elucidated the efficacy evaluation such as anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, improving the gutmicrobiota, etc., but study of gut-microbiome in dog have not reported. For this reason, we investigated the gutmicrobiota in healthy Beagles after feeding with barley sprout for 16 weeks. The dogs of control group (CON, n= 7) and feed group with 2.8% barley sprout (TRT, n = 7) were randomly selection in Beagles (3.8 ± 0.32 years),and experimental diets provided to recommended nutrientional requirements on FEDIAF guidelines. The chemicalcomposition of diets including metabolic energy were not statistically difference. The fecal samples for gutmicrobiome analysis were collected after 16 weeks. The V3-V4 region sequences were processed using Qiime2
pipeline after 16s rDNA amplicon sequencing in fecal. The microbial diversities index of shannon and chao1 were
not significantly difference in TRT compared to CON, and also distance metrics of bray-curtis and jaccard were
not significant difference between CON and TRT. However, the gut-microbiota composition of Firmicutes andBacteroidetes were significant difference at the phylum level. Compared with CON, the abundance of Firmicutes
was significantly decreased in TRT (p < 0.01), and the Bacteroidetes was significantly increased (p < 0.05). The
Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in TRT also decreased compared to CON (p < 0.05). Therefore, our results suggeststhat the diets of barley sprout is suitable as feed for dogs, and the abundance of gut-microbiota changes positively
for anti-obesity.
Keywords: dog, barley sprout, microbiome				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

953

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

PP11-33

Multi-probiotic Lactobacillus supplementation
improves liver function and reducescholesterol levels in Jeju native pigs
DH Kim1, YH Min2, JW Yang1, YJ Heo1, MG Kim2, DS Godagama Gamaarachchige2,
SO Son1,2, 3, 4 and DS Lee2, 3, 4, 5
1

Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences,
Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Korea, 2Interdisciplinary Graduate
Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju Special
Self-Governing Province, Korea, 3Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju National
University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Korea, 4Practical Translational Research Center,
Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Korea, 5Faculty of Biotechnology,
College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
reinise4011@jejunu.ac.kr

Probiotics are used in the food industry as feed additives to maintain the balance of animal gut microbiota.
Probiotics are also considered to have potential therapeutic effects against liver dis-eases. This study evaluated the
dietary effects of multiple probiotics in Jeju native pigs. Animals were randomly divided into basal diet and multiprobiotic Lactobacillus (basal diet with 1% multi-probiotics) groups (n = 9 each) and fed each diet for 3 months.
We analyzed growth performance, feed efficiency, backfat thickness, blood parameters, hematological profiles,
adipokines, and immune-related cytokines in pig tissues. Average daily gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, backfat
thickness, and body weight were not significantly different between the two groups. In Lactobacillus group, total
protein (p < 0.08) and bilirubin (p < 0.03) concentrations increased, whereas blood urea nitrogen (p < 0.08),
alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.08), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (p < 0.08) activities decreased. Lactobacillus
group showed decreased expression of adiponectin (p <0.05), chemerin (p < 0.05), and visfatin in adipose tissues,and increased expression of TLR4 (p < 0.05), MYD88 (p < 0.05), TNF-α (p < 0.001), and IFN-γ (p < 0.001)] in
the liver. Moreover, NOD1 (p < 0.05), NOD2 (p < 0.01), and MYD88 (p < 0.05) mRNA levels in proximal colon
tissue were significantly upregulated in response to Lactobacillus. Histological analysis showed no significant
differences between groups. In conclusion, dietary Lactobacillus supplementation improved liver function andreduced cholesterol levels. Lactobacillus supplementation may be applied to treat metabolic disorders of the liver,
especially cholesterol-related disorders.
Keywords: Jeju native pig, Lactobacillus, cholesterol
Funding: 2020R1A2C2004128 & 2019R1A6A1A10072987

954

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

PP11-35

Effects of litter application on growth performance andcecal microbiota in broilers
SH Park, BH Kim, MJ Kim, JY Jeong and HJ Jung
Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science,
Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
shwa6560@korea.kr

The supply of litter affects the growth, health, meat quality, and welfare in broilers mixed with litter materials andmicrobiota. Although increasing demands for good quality, the influence of microbiota on growth performanceand health during growth stage has not been fully elucidated. This study conducted to measure the effects of litteron growth performance and cecal microbiota in broilers according to growth stage. A total of 300 male broilers(1-day-old) were assigned to 2 groups with litter application (LA) and no-litter application (NLA). The bodyweight (14 versus 35-days) and the average daily gain (7 versus 35-days) were higher in the NLA group than in
the LA group (p < 0.05). In cecal microbiota, the number of operational taxonomic units decreased in the NLA
and LA groups after 14 days. At the genus level, the abundance of Lactobacillus increased depending to growthtime, on the contrary, Lachnoclostridium was more abundant (p < 0.05) in the LT group than in the NLT group (14versus 21-days). In conclusion, the litter application can help the growth performance and alter cecal microbiota inbroilers.
Keywords: brolier, growth performance, litter application, microbiota				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

955

Asian-Australasian Association ofAnimal Production

August 26
Student Competition

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC1

Animal Production Division

Aug. 26, 08:30-10:10 / Samda A (3F)

Chair. Minseok Kim (Chonnam National University, Korea)
Chair. Changsu Kong (Kyoungpook National University, Korea)

SC1-1
08:30-08:50
SC1-2
08:50-09:10

SC1-3
09:10-09:30

SC1-4
09:30-09:50

SC1-5
09:50-10:10

958

Order of limiting amino acids in broilers fed with low crude protein diets
RG De Gula-Barrion, AB Magarro and RC Sulabo
1
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
Assessment of the efficacy of red yeast in counteracting the changes induced bymycotoxins contaminated diet on carcass characteristic and pathological changes
in hepatocytes of broiler chickens
S Orranee1, T Wanaporn1,2, L Chompunut1,2, VD Hien1,2, M Tossapol1,2, P Montri1,2,
T Suchon1, Y Mongkol3 and C Thanongsak4
1
Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang
Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Maejo
University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 4Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang
Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
A farm-scale assessment of β -carotene variation and potency on reproductive
performance in Japanese Black cows
H Mitsuishi1, D Kato2, K Yokoyama1, K Yoshida1, E Muraki2, S Maruyama2, M Yayota1,31
Gifu University, Gifu, Japan, 2Gifu Prefectural Livestock Research Institute, Gifu, Japan,
3
Education and Research Center for Food Animal Health, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
Exploring the potential of trace minerals in the field of animal nutrition: a casestudy of Ni in ruminants
S Shambhvi and C Datt
Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
Development and implementation of comprehensive framework for quality
assessment of livestock products: the case of Indian milk
Ashish Kumar and Bakul Rao
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Indial Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SC2

Animal Biotechnology Division

Aug. 26, 08:30-10:10 / Samda B (3F)

Chair. Myunghoo Kim (Pusan National University, Korea)
Chair. Younghoon Kim (Seoul National University, Korea)

SC2-1
08:30-08:50

SC2-2
08:50-09:10
SC2-3
09:10-09:30

SC2-4
09:30-09:50
SC2-5
09:50-10:10

Effects of forage-to-concentrate ratio on blood metabolite, reproductive
performance, and pregnancy rate in Hanwoo heifers
H Cho1, H Lee2, K Kang1, S Jeong1, S Jeon1, M Lee1, H Kang1, J Oh3 and S Seo1
1
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Mari Animal Medical Center, Korea,
3
Cargill Animal Nutrition Korea, Seongnam, Korea
Effect of continual intrauterine infusion of lipopolysaccharide on mastitis in goats
J Jaisue, T Nii, Y Tsugami and N Isobe
Graduated School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
Position of expression of transcription factors in early development of porcines
oocytes through parthenogenetic experiment
SY Kim, JE Lee and DI Jin
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
Study on the replacement of fetal bovine serum
DY Lee, SY Lee, JH Kim, HW Kim, DH Oh, JW Jeong, SH Yun, SJ Hur
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
Study of Pin-Pu black pigs and crossbred commercial pigs in Taiwan
CY Lin1,2, HC Su2, PH Wang1 and RS Lin2
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
2
Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l959

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC3

Animal Production Division

Aug. 26, 10:30-12:10 / Samda A (3F)

Chair. Sang-Kee Kang (Seoul National University, Korea)
Chair. Jung Min Heo (Chungnam National University, Korea)

SC3-1
10:30-10:50

SC3-2
10:50-11:10

SC3-3
11:10-11:30

SC3-4
11:30-11:50

SC3-5
11:50-12:10

960

Effects of high voltage electrostatic field on the freshness of pork during refrigeratestorage
TC Chang1, HZ Yen1, SY Lim1, JS Lin1 and FY Cheng1
1National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
Effects of fall dormancy, cutting frequency, and K application rate on dry matteryield of alfalfa
JY Kim, JS Choi, MH Jo, BW Kim and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
The importance of Hanwoo industry in South Korea with comparing greenhousegas emissions with nutritional assessments
GW Park, M Dehghani, ES Ji and KH Park
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, 24341 Chuncheon,
Gangwon, Korea
Impact of the environmental parameters on the body temperature of pigs using
machine learning models
NC Deb1, JK Basak2,3, NE Kim1, B Paudel1 and HT Kim1
1
Department of Bio-Systems Engineering, Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju, 52828, Korea, 2Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju,
52828, Korea,
3
Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science andTechnology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
Identification of Hanwoo and Holstein cattle by muzzle pattern using deep-learningalgorithm
Taejun Lee, Youngjun Na and Sangrak Lee
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SC4

Animal Biotechnology Division

Aug. 26, 10:30-12:10 / Samda B (3F)

Chair. Eun Bae Kim (Kangwon National University, Korea)
Chair. Minjung Yoon (Kyoungpook National University, Korea)

SC4-2
10:30-10:50

SC4-3
10:50-11:10

SC4-4
11:10-11:30

SC4-5
11:30-11:50

Application of probiotics pet food in preventing/ameliorating chronic kidneydisease (CKD) in feline and investigating its possible mechanism
CW Tsai1, HW Huang1, YJ Lee2 and MJ Chen1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
2
School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Porcine intestinal organoid models to understand the regulation of gut environment
SS Joo1, BC Ban1, HJ Jung2 and M Kim1
1
Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National
University, Miryang 50463, Korea, 2Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute ofAnimal Science, Wanju, Korea
The application of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and Lactobacilus paracasei
subsp. paracasei in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD)
TC Yeh1, JC Hsieh1, YJ Lee2 and MJ Chen1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155,
Sec. 3 Keelung Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 106328, Taiwan, 2School of Veterinary Medicine, National
Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 106319, Taiwan
Effects of supplementation methods of probiotic Enterococcus faecium on broilers
gut and nasal microbiota
J Park, B Xuan, S Choi and EB Kim
Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National
University, Chuncheon, 24341, Kangwon-do, Korea

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

961

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC1-1

Order of limiting amino acids in broilers fed withlow crude protein diets
RG De Gula-Barrion, AB Magarro and RC Sulabo
1

University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
roxanne.dgbarrion@cj.net

The objective of the study was to determine the order of limiting amino acids in broilers fed low crude protein
diets from 0 to 35 days of age. The experiment was a deletion study to quantify the responses to deficiencies inessential amino acids in broilers. A total of 800 day-old Cobb 500 broilers were randomly distributed to 1 of 8
dietary treatments using a randomized complete block design. Dietary treatments were eight low CP diets withthe first diet containing supplemental L-lysine, L-methionine, L-threonine, L-valine, L-isoleucine, L-arginine andL-tryptophan at the requirement, and the next seven diets, with the deletion of each of the individual supplementalamino acid. Each treatment had 10 replicates with 10 birds in each replicate. For BWG, Met was the first limiting
amino acid, followed by Lys, Thr, Val, Arg and Trp as the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth limiting amino acidin low CP diets. Ile was not limiting for BWG. For F/G, Lys and Met were co-limiting as the first limiting aminoacid, followed by Thr, Val and Arg as the second, third, and fourth limiting amino acid in low CP diets. Trp and Ile
was not limiting for F/G. Further research may be warranted with the availability of L-Histidine for broiler feed
formulations.
Keywords: low crude protein, deletion, limiting amino acids, broilers

962

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SC1-2

Assessment of the efficacy of red yeast in counteracting
the changes induced by mycotoxins contaminated dieton carcass characteristic and pathological changes inhepatocytes of broiler chickens
S Orranee1, T Wanaporn1,2, L Chompunut1,2, VD Hien1,2, M Tossapol1,2, P Montri1,2,
T Suchon1, Y Mongkol3 and C Thanongsak4
1

Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang
Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 3Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Maejo
University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 4Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang
Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Orranee_sr@cmu.ac.th

Mycotoxins in poultry feed pose a constant threat to the poultry industry and are known to have a hepatotoxic
effect with pathological lesions in the liver of poultry. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectivenessof red yeast (Sporidiobolus pararoseus) to preventing mycotoxins’ negative effects on carcass characteristic,
pathology characteristic, and apoptosis cells in the liver tissue of broilers. A total of 720 one-week-old male broilers
were randomly assigned into twelve treatments of six replicates (10 birds per replicate) based on 3 × 4 factorial
design with 3 level of mycotoxin-contaminated diet (0, 50, and 100 µg kg-1 diet) and 4 adsorbent levels (0%,0.05% of yeast, 0.05% and 0.10% of red yeast). Broiler chicks were fed a combination mycotoxins of aflatoxin
B1, zearalenone, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol in contaminated diet for 28 d. In the intoxication
period, mycotoxins group exhibited higher drip loss percentage, mycotoxin residue in breast meat, liver palenessscore and apoptosis cells (TUNEL positive) in liver tissue than control or red yeast supplementation group (p <0.05). In contrast, these adverse effects were reduced in broilers fed red yeast supplementation, demonstrating
protection against toxic assault. Taken together, red yeast could help to mitigate of the negative effects from a multi
mycotoxins dietary challenge in broiler chickens.
Keywords: red yeast, mycotoxin adsorbent, pathology change, apoptosis cell				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

963

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC1-3

A farm-scale assessment of β -carotene variation andpotency on reproductive performance inJapanese Black cows
H Mitsuishi1, D Kato2, K Yokoyama1, K Yoshida1, E Muraki2, S Maruyama2, M Yayota1,31

Gifu University, Gifu, Japan, 2Gifu Prefectural Livestock Research Institute, Gifu, Japan,
3
Education and Research Center for Food Animal Health, Gifu University, Gifu, Japanmitsu3214ls@gmail.com

In cattle, the β-carotene status varies depending on animal and nutritional factors (Nozière et al., 2006); hence,the effect of β-carotene on reproductive performance remains unclear on a farm scale. Accordingly, we evaluatedthe relationships between β-carotene, reproductive performance, and several animal and nutritional factors infarms using path analysis. Eighty-four non-pregnant cows at three farms (29, 32, and 23 cows each) were
examined. Each farm had different feeding and suckling systems. The concentration of plasma β-carotene
and retinol (vitamin A: β-carotene metabolites), reproductive performance (days first estrus, the number ofartificial insemination [AI] services per conception, days open), and β-carotene intake from roughage, as
well as plasma α-tocopherol concentration, age, parity, body condition score, and the number of superovulation
programs for embryo production, were assessed. The relationships of these parameters were analyzed bymultiple group path analysis using the lavaan package (Rosseel, 2012) in R software (R Core Team, 2021).
The plasma β-carotene concentration differed among investigated farms (Farm A: 89.3 ± 82.4 μg/dl, Farm
B: 202.5 ± 137.5 μg/dl, Farm C: 83.9 ± 64.2 μg/dl; p < 0.001), although retinol concentrations were found to be
similar. Based on the path analysis, the plasma β-carotene concentration was positively impacted by the β-carotene
intake from roughage and plasma α-tocopherol concentration. In Farm C, the plasma β-carotene concentration
negatively influenced the number of AI services, and the plasma retinol concentration had a significant negative
effect on days open. These results suggest that low plasma β-carotene concentration induced by less β-carotene
intake could reduce reproductive performance in Japanese Black cows.
Keywords: β -carotene, reproductive performance, Japanese Black cow

964

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SC1-4

Exploring the potential of trace minerals in the field ofanimal nutrition: a case study of Ni in ruminants
S Shambhvi and C Datt
Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
shambhvi.minhas17@gmail.com

The nutritional deficiencies are leading cause of losses in the animal productivity in the developing economies like
India. Micronutrients such as trace minerals play inevitable role in normal metabolic and physiological processes
in ruminants. However, the scientific literature for quantitative and qualitative fortification of the feed and fodderin terms of trace minerals such as Fe, Co, Ni, etc. is often scant and lacks standard national feeding guidelines.
The present study is undertaken with the objectives of evaluating the national recommendation standards for traceminerals of cattle in India, its comparative analysis with the international standards with the scope, challenges andway forward for evolution of the same. The study identifies nickel as target trace mineral for being one of the mostunderstudied and underreported trace mineral in ruminant nutrition. Both in vivo and in vitro trials were conducted
to explore the effect of nickel fortification in cross bred bovines and its effect on different biochemical mechanisms.
The analysis found significant findings in terms of improved rumen fermentation, haematology parameters andretention of other trace minerals. The study concluded that trace minerals fortification in the ration may playsignificant role in the mitigation of the physiological imbalances along with the productivity losses. The study
also recommends further global studies to be undertaken to explore the biochemical and physiological importanceof such underreported trace minerals not only from the point of view of fortification but to avoid and identify the
deficiency as well as associated toxicity like in Pb, Hg, etc.
Keywords: animal nutrition, ruminants, trace minerals, nutritional deficiencies

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

965

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC1-5

Development and implementation of comprehensive
framework for quality assessment of livestock products:
the case of Indian milk
Ashish Kumar and Bakul Rao
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
ashish07.vet@gmail.com

The products of livestock origin such as eggs, meat, milk etc. play significant role in the food security of developing
economies. However, serious questions are raised on their quality and the impacts of quality compromise are notcommonly considered or only specific aspects (such as toxins, manufacturing standards) are assessed. This puts alarge segment of population at risk of health hazard which are consuming these products as source of high quality
nutrients. The present study focused on fluid milk, for which India is leading producer globally for the past two
decades. In this context, the aim of this study was to identify crtitical gaps, define a framework and implementingthat framework as a case study. The methodology included the KAP surveys, focused interviews, policy evaluation,framework developement and case study. Furthermore, existing gaps were discussed and ways forward weresuggested in present context and to meet the future demands. The dairy sector in India is highly variable ranging
from small unorganised herds to highly automated dairy farms. The new comprehensive framework found theregions of case study in India to be milk insecure and the potential risk of biological and chemical hazards in the
supply chain. The findings also highlight the limitations of the present approach of governing authorities and theneed for additional data, using a wider range of research techniques. Thus, this study has an important contribution
to identifying gaps and provides ways forward to improve such assessments, for ensuring “health for all”.
Keywords: animal products, food security, food safety, quality control

966

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SC2-1

Effects of forage-to-concentrate ratio on blood metabolite,
reproductive performance, and pregnancy rate in
Hanwoo heifers
H Cho1, H Lee2, K Kang1, S Jeong1, S Jeon1, M Lee1, H Kang1, J Oh3 and S Seo1
1

Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, 2Mari Animal Medical Center, Korea,
3
Cargill Animal Nutrition Korea, Seongnam, Korea
chohyunjin0927@gmail.com

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the forage-to-concentrate (FC) ratio on blood metabolites concentrationand pregnancy rate at first service (PR1S) in Hanwoo growing heifers. Thirty Hanwoo heifers (296 ± 25.3 kg ofbody weight [BW]; 10-month age), blocked by BW, were randomly allocated into one of three treatments fed a
total mixed ration with either a high FC ratio (42.5:57.5) with high energy concentrate (HFHEC), low FC (30:70)
ratio with low energy concentrate (LFLEC), or low FC ratio with high energy concentrate (LFHEC). The dietwas provided ad libitum twice daily. Daily intake was recorded, and BW and biometric traits were measured
every four weeks. After 12 weeks, all heifers underwent blood sampling and estrous synchronization according
to the G6G protocol – one injection of PGF2α, GnRH two days later, and an Ovsynch six days later. At thesynchronization, BW, dry matter intake, and average daily gain (365.3, 10.5, and 0.8 kg, respectively) did not
differ among treatments (p > 0.05). All heifers were estrus-synchronized, confirmed by follicle size measurements
using ultrasound. Artificial insemination was performed with the same semen, and pregnancy was diagnosed using
ultrasound after 28 days. In LFHEC, the glutamic pyruvic transaminase and urea concentrations were lowest
and highest, respectively (p < 0.05). The PR1 was the highest in LFHEC (90%), followed by HFHEC (40%) and
LFLEC (22%; p < 0.01). This study suggested that lowered FC ratio and fiber concentration in the diet could resultin a higher PR1S in Hanwoo heifers.
Keywords: forage-to-concentrate ratio, heifer, pregnancy

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

967

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC2-2

Effect of continual intrauterine infusion of
lipopolysaccharide on mastitis in goats
J Jaisue, T Nii, Y Tsugami and N Isobe
Graduated School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
m202803@hiroshima-u.ac.jp

Mastitis and endometritis were linked, single infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into uterus induces slightinflammation in the mammary gland. This means that LPS can be translocated from uterus to mammary gland.
However, natural endometritis shows continue intrauterine inflammation. The aim of the present study was todetermine the effect of continual infusion of LPS into uterus on inflammation status in mammary gland. Goats
were assigned to 3 groups: LPS-O111, LPS-O55, or saline (control). Saline 5 mL with or without LPS isolated
from Escherichia coli strain O111:B4 and O55:B5 100 µg were infused into uterus continuously for 7 days.
Decreased milk yield was detected in both LPS-O111 and LPS-O55 groups at day 2 after first LPS infusion but notin control group. While SCC was significantly increased in all groups at day 1, both LPS infusion further increased
SCC at day 2 after first infusion and showed significantly higher SCC than control group. Plasma LPS-binding
protein (LBP) was significantly higher in both LPS groups than control group in whole days after infusion. Also,
pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-8) in milk were significantly increased in both LPS infusiongroups compared with control group. LPS-O111 infusion caused higher SCC, LBP, TNF-α, and IL-8 concentration
than those in LPS-O55 group. These results suggest that continual LPS infusion into uterus can induce mammary
gland inflammation more severe than single infusion, and that inflammatory response was different depending on
the LPS strain.
Keywords: lipopolysaccharide, mastitis, uterus, goat968

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SC2-3

Position of expression of transcription factors in early
development of porcines oocytes throughparthenogenetic experiment
SY Kim, JE Lee and DI Jin
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
Jenny403@naver.co.kr

The subject of this research was to observe the embryonic development ability, which is one of the important
viewpoints in the research of biological science and transgenic animals, using porcines, one of the most similar
experimental animals to human organs. We observed each stage of early embryonic development throughparthenogenesis in porcines. It is known that the transcription factors used in the above experiment are expressedin various positions during embryonic development, and the expression patterns of each animal are different.
Transcription factors researched three factors (CDX2, OCT4, NANOG) known to be expressed in early embryonicdevelopment. The expression positions of CDX2, OCT4, and NANOG were confirmed. After collecting porcine
ovaries at a local slaughterhouse on the same day, maturation in vitro, and electric shock were picked up to cause
unit reproduction, depending on the stage of embryonic development, samples were fixed and immunostainedfor observation. CDX2 was expressed throughout the nucleus except for the ICM region during the blastocyst
stage during the development of porcines oocytes. In contrast to CDX2, OCT4 was expressed in the ICM region.
NANOG was stained throughout the oocytes at the 2-cell stage, but was not expressed in the nucleus. Looking
at the previous papers, NANOG stays in the cytoplasm in the early blastocyst stage, and its expression pattern
is expected to appear in the late stage. Therefore, further experiment is required for accurate data analysis, andobservation of the position of the late blastocyst expression is required.
Keywords: porcine oocyte, CDX2, OCT4, NANOG

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

969

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC2-4

Study on the replacement of fetal bovine serum
DY Lee, SY Lee, JH Kim, HW Kim, DH Oh, JW Jeong, SH Yun, SJ Hur
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
laeah49@naver.com

The study was conducted to determine the effect of replacement of fetal bovine serum (FBS) by using animal byproducts for the cultured meat. Animal by-products such as blood or liver were obtained from chicken and cattle
in slaughtering house and acquired potential FBS replacers by centrifugation and extraction methods. Satellite
cell was cultured with FBS and FBS replacers by we developed basic procedure i.e. isolation of muscle satellite
cell, proliferation and differentiation. We were confirmed the growth of cells similar to or more effective thanconventional FBS when culturing muscle satellite cells using FBS replacers. These characteristic observations weremore produced as the age of the blood source animals used for FBS replacer was younger, and the breeds of thecultured cells and the blood source animals are matched. In addition, the cell proliferation effect of serum using all
blood components except for blood clots after natural coagulation was superior to plasma with anticoagulant added
for blood layer separation. As a result of this study, we demonstrated the potential and effectiveness of derived FBS
replacers as a substitute for blood-derived cell growth promoters obtained from fetuses of pregnant cows in various
species and ages. This result will helpful to contribute to the development of technology for mass-production ofcultured meat at a low cost. Moreover, the FBS replacers developed in this study could be utilized to lower the costof many other cell culture studies.
Keywords: cultured meat, FBS replacement, cell culture970

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SC2-5

Study of Pin-Pu black pigs and crossbred commercial pigs
in Taiwan
CY Lin1,2, HC Su2, PH Wang1 and RS Lin2
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan

2chihyu1223@gmail.com

The aim of this study was to investigate the featured Pin-Pu black pig carcass traits. Sixty pig carcasses collectedfrom a commercial slaughterhouse, including fourteen purebred Pin-Pu pigs and forty-six crossbred pigs (PinPu ♀ × Duroc ♂). The average number of ribs (rib), backfat thickness (cm), skin thickness (cm), lean percentage(%), loin muscle area (cm2), NPPC marbling score and color score of purebred group were 14.4 ± 0.6, 4.55 ± 0.81,
0.66 ± 0.20, 36.39 ± 3.44, 21.01 ± 5.11, 1.86 ± 1.03, and 3.21 ± 0.54, respectively. The average number of ribs,
backfat thickness, skin thickness, lean percentage, loin muscle area, NPPC marbling score and color score were15.1 ± 0.7, 3.25 ± 0.61, 0.52 ± 0.14, 46.22 ± 3.00, 37.39 ± 7.73, 2.67 ± 1.09 and 2.92 ± 0.38, respectively. The
online measurement results showed that number of ribs, loin muscle area and lean percentage of crossbred groupwas significantly higher than purebred group (p < 0.05), but the average backfat thickness and skin thickness,crossbred group was significantly lower than purebred group (p < 0.05). The quality grade results showed that
NPPC marbling score, crossbred group was significantly higher than pure breed group (p < 0.05), but the NPPC
color score, crossbred group was significantly lower than purebred group (p < 0.05). The sensory evaluation results
showed that aroma, flavor, tenderness and total acceptability score, crossbred group was significantly higher thanpurebred group (p < 0.05). In summary, Pin-Pu black pig crossbred Duroc compared to purebred Pin-Pu pigs was apotential commercial Taiwan black pig production system, it could reduce the backfat thickness and skin thickness,but increase average number of ribs, loin muscle area, marbling score, lean percentage and sensory evaluation
score.
Keywords: Pin-Pu black pig, quality grade of carcass, sensory evaluation

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

971

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC3-1

Effects of high voltage electrostatic field on the freshnessof pork during refrigerate storage
TC Chang1, HZ Yen1, SY Lim1, JS Lin1 and FY Cheng1
1National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
fycheng@mail.npust.edu.tw

High voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) is an emerging technology for non-thermal food processing. In the present
study, porks (hind leg) were stored in the HVEF (0, -90kV/m and -150kV/m) for 24, 48 and 72 hours respectively
and compared with porks strored in a common refrigerator (control group) at the same temperature (4℃). The
results showed that the total plate counts in control group increased with the storage days, and the lower water
holding capacity with increasing dripping loss and cooking loss during storage were also observed in control groupas a consequence of the lower salt-soluble proteins and water-soluble proteins content which was resulted fromthe muscular protein denaturation. Instead, the HVEF treatment inhibited the muscular protein denaturation withthe results of lower dripping loss and cooking loss. The more tender meat texture was obtained in HVEF treatmentcompared with the control group according to the results of shear value and texture profile analysis. In conclusion,
the HVEF treatment could prolonged the shelf-life of the pork and inhibit the muscular protein denaturation as the
fresh pork meat, in particular the -90kV/m was candidate condition for further utilization.
Keywords: shelf-life, meat quality, high-voltage electrostatic field, pork

972

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SC3-2

Effects of fall dormancy, cutting frequency, and K
application rate on dry matter yield of alfalfa
JY Kim, JS Choi, MH Jo, BW Kim and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
oversboy02@kangwon.ac.kr

This study was conducted to confirm the effect of the cutting frequency and K application rate on the dry
matter yield (DMY) of new alfalfa varieties. The sowing date and rate were September 21, 2019, and 20 kg/ha,
respectively. The treatment was by the split-split plot design, and the main plot was the varieties of Vernal (2),Rugged Rancher (3), SW4113(4), and SW9720(9) according to Fall Dormancy (FD), the sub plot was 4, 5, and 6
times of cutting frequencies, and the sub-sub plot was 150, 300, and 450 kg/ha. The first harvest was carried out
reaching 10% of flowering, the rest harvests were carried out according to the cutting frequencies treatment. The
DMY by K application rate of 150, 300, and 450 kg/ha were 18,165.1, 18,839.7 and 19,654.6 kg/ha, respectively,
with 450 kg/ha were significantly higher than 150 and 300 kg/ha (p < 0.05). The DMY by cutting frequency of 4,5, and 6 times were 19,664.1, 19,100.5, and 17,894.8 kg/ha, respectively, while 4 and 5 times were significantly
higher than 6 times (p < 0.05). The DMY by FD 2, 3, 4, and 9 were 17,512.8, 20,475.0, 21,956.1 and 15,601.9 kg/
ha, respectively, with FD 3 and 4 significantly higher than FD 2 and 9 (p < 0.05). There was no difference in theinteractions between the main, sub, and sub-sub plots (p > 0.05). Therefore, it is judged that a high DMY can be
expected when the K application rate is 450 kg/ha, cutting frequency is 4 or 5 and FD is 3 and 4.
Keywords: alfalfa, fall dormancy, cutting frequency, K application rate				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

973

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC3-3

The importance of Hanwoo industry in South Korea withcomparing greenhouse gas emissions withnutritional assessments
GW Park, M Dehghani, ES Ji and KH Park
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University,
24341 Chuncheon, Gangwon, Korea
rmsdn92@kangwon.ac.kr

Beef production in South Korea is the fourth highest contributor of agricultural products, accounting for 13.05% of
total agricultural products, also, the second highest in the livestock production after pork. According to the Hanwoo
Policy Research Institute, the Hanwoo industry occupies 6,809 billion KRW and contributes to the employmentof 886,278 people within the industry. Not only devoting to the economical benefits, but it has widely supported
in many ways such as food for nutrients, cosmetics, amenity and recycling the human inedible wasted products.
However, there are inevitable complaints about air pollutions and climate change as the result of its industry. The
objective of this study is to compare the Hanwoo beef with other food sources based on the nutritional values andgreenhouse gas (GHG) emissions using functional unit of protein (60 g). The food nutritional data were collectedfrom The Korean Nutrition Society and Ministry of Health and Welfare of South Korea. The GHG emission data
were collected from the Ministry of Environment. The result showed that food-without-Hanwoo had 77% lower
GHG emissions than food-with-Hanwoo in kcal-base. However, in protein-based and methionine-based, foodwith-Hanwoo had 57% and 0.04% lower GHG than food-without-Hanwoo, respectively. It can be concluded thatmeat consumption is needed as protein-source and other micro-nutrient-source, instead of major-energy-source.
Therefore, it is recommended that the environmental impacts from meat production is reassessed based on othernutritional values rather than based on energy values.
Keywords: life cycle assessment, Hanwoo industry, climate change, functional unit974

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SC3-4

Impact of the environmental parameters on the bodytemperature of pigs using machine learning models
NC Deb1, JK Basak2,3, NE Kim1, B Paudel1 and HT Kim1
1

Department of Bio-Systems Engineering, Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University,
Jinju, 52828, Korea, 2Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Korea,
3
Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science andTechnology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
nibas@gnu.ac.kr

This study was conducted to determine the most important environmental parameters, such as temperature,humidity, and carbon dioxide (CO2), which affect the body temperature of pigs (BTP). Temperature, humidity,
and CO2 data were recorded at 10 minutes intervals within and outside the experimental pig barn using Livestock
Environmental Management System (LEMS) and weather sensors, respectively. This study used Multiple
Linear Regression (MLR) models and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to predict BTP. Indoor temperatureand humidity index (ITHI), outdoor temperature and humidity index (OTHI), indoor temperature (IT), relative
temperature-humidity index (RTHI), and outdoor temperature (OT) have a positive correlation with BTP. On theother hand, indoor relative humidity (IRH), indoor CO2 concentration (ICO2), and outdoor CO2 concentration(OCO2) showed a negative correlation with BTP. According to the correlation analysis, ITHI, OTHI, IT, OT, IRH,
ICO2, and OCO2 were considered the input variables to simulate the model, because they have a strong correlation
with BTP (r ≥ 0.5). It was observed that the ANN model predicted BTP values with higher accuracy (R2 = 0.895)
than the MLR model (R2 = 0.640). Both models showed that the relative temperature-humidity index (RTHI) is themost significant factor in predicting BTP.
Keywords: ANN model, inside relative humidity, MLR model, relative temperature-humidity index
This work was supported by the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture,
Forestry and Fisheries (IPET) through Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Convergence Technologies Programfor Educating Creative Global Leaders, funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA)(717001-7).

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

975

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC3-5

Identification of Hanwoo and Holstein cattle by muzzle
pattern using deep-learning algorithm
Taejun Lee, Youngjun Na and Sangrak Lee
Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
tjlee96@naver.com

The objective of this study was to identify the individual cattle by muzzle pattern image of Hanwoo and Holstein.
Total 9,340 images for Hanwoo, 7,985 images for Holstein were constructed for dataset. Pictures were takenfrom distance of thirty centimeters, muzzle pattern centered in the picture with whole bottom lip appeared. A
minimum of twenty pictures were taken of each individual in four different time, with some additional pictures
taken with foreign substances in order to avoid overfitted model. The territory of the muzzle pattern was annotatedwith bounding box by annotation tool. Deep learning was proceeded by using the PyTorch library in a python
environment. Data block (torch) were composed with image and national traceability number. Twenty percent
of torches were randomly split and stored as validation data. Image transformation was performed using ‘aug_
tranforms’ function to correct the noise difference that occurred when taking images and it also gives the effect oflearning multiple images with one image. Models were trained by CNN learner with 34 layers of ResNet structureby 15 epochs and all predicted events were tracked through learning. Prediction accuracy of model for Hanwoo
was 0.959, and for Holstein was 0.986. As a result, confusion rate of each model were below five percent. Thus,
this study showed the possibility of a muzzle pattern as a biometric index for cattle identification.
Keywords: cattle identification, deep learning, Hanwoo, Holstein976

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SC4-2

Application of probiotics pet food in preventing/ameliorating chronic kidney disease (CKD) in feline andinvestigating its possible mechanism
CW Tsai1, HW Huang1, YJ Lee2 and MJ Chen1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
2
School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
r10626003@ntu.edu.tw

CKD is characterized by a substantial loss of kidney function. It is estimated to affect 1.6-20% of cats, especially
80% in the geriatric cat population. Some specific gut microorganism plays a crucial role in producing uremic
toxins. When gut dysbiosis occurs, it leads to adverse CKD progression. Thus, microbiota-based strategies might
be a novel auxiliary therapeutic and preventative way. In our previous study, we developed a probiotics mixtureand demonstrated its abilities to improve kidney function by reducing kidney injury and fibrotic-related protein,
and modulating oxidative stress, proinflammatory activity, and immune responses in kidney in the mice model.
In this clinical study, probiotics were spread-coating on the pet food to provide a less stressful approach forprobiotic intervention. The CKD cats administrated the probiotics pet food every day for 8 weeks and evaluatedtheir physical and health condition every 4 weeks. The kidney function indicators and uremic toxins in blood
were analyzed. More than 50% of CKD cats had lower serum levels of blood urine nitrogen and creatinine, as
well as uremic toxins including trimethylamine-N-oxide and indoxyl sulfate after feeding probiotics pet food. The
gut microbiota was also analyzed, and showed an up-regulating Lactobacillus and down-regulating Escherichia
coli effects, respectively. The life quality of several CKD cats was also improved with better appetite andphysical activity, normal fecal morphology, and less vomit. In conclusion, spread-coating probiotics in pet food
could ameliorate the progression of CKD in cats, which extends the probiotic varieties for preventing the CKD
progression in pets.
Keywords: chronic kidney disease, probiotics pet food, feline				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

977

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC4-3

Porcine intestinal organoid models to understand theregulation of gut environment
SS Joo1, BC Ban1, HJ Jung2 and M Kim1
1

Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National
University, Miryang 50463, Korea, 2Animal Nutrition & Physiology Division, National Institute ofAnimal Science, Wanju, Korea
ssjoo7680@gmail.com

Porcine models are able to provide valuable information in the field of animal and biomedical sciences. Some
porcine gut models are used in studies to understand physiology, nutrition, and diseases in the gastrointestinal
tract (GIT). Recently, intestinal organoids have been developed as a useful research tool for the GIT studies, andthey also have been expanded to farm animals, including pigs. Intestinal organoids can be applied as a powerfulmodel to investigate the regulation of gut environment, such as intestinal immunity, host-microbe interaction, andnutritional physiology. Although, intestinal organoid system has various benefits, however, there are few functional
studies due to limitation of intestinal organoid structure. For example, basal-out organoids need to grow in theextracellular matrix, which causes difficulties in study the functional role of the intestinal apical membrane. Here,
we established porcine intestinal organoids from jejunum tissues and developed basal-out and apical-out organoid
models. The physiological properties of two types of organoids were compared, and the possibility of gut function
studies such as nutrient uptake and disruption of the epithelial barrier was identified. We further conducted thebioactive compounds, such as polyphenols and plant extracts, screening studies to consider the possibility ofintestinal organoids for developing gut immune-modulator. This allows us to identify potential bioactive immunemodulator for pigs. Taken together, we successfully developed porcine intestinal organoid culture systems andshowed that they are promising systems for the investigation of the intestinal environment. It can be used invarious research to understand regulatory mechanism across various research fields.
Keywords: porcine model, intestinal organoid, gut function, immune-modulator

978l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SC4-4

The application of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and
Lactobacilus paracasei subsp. paracasei incanine atopic dermatitis (CAD)
TC Yeh1, JC Hsieh1, YJ Lee2 and MJ Chen1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Ln. 155, Sec. 3
Keelung Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 106328, Taiwan, 2School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan
University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 106319, Taiwan
r10626016@ntu.edu.tw, jchsieh@ntu.edu.tw, yajanelee@ntu.edu.tw, cmj@ntu.edu.tw

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease in dogs and significantly affect the individual’s life quality.
Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is characterized by chronic and abnormal inflammation of the skin and skinbarrier integrity. Many studies have shown that probiotics are able to mediate the host's immunity and modulate
the composition of gut microbiota. In previous study, we found that Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and
Lactobacilus paracasei subsp. paracasei, selected from Mongolian traditional fermented milk, could improve ADlike features and reduce specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in AD mice model. Thus, we would like to clinicallyverify the result in AD dogs. The AD-afflicted dogs administrated the probiotics mixture for two months, and theblood, skin, and feces were sampled for evaluating CAD. Results demonstrated an alleviative effect as AD dogs
supplementing with Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris and Lb. paracasei subsp. paracasei. The skin lesion and the levelof scratching were reduced after probiotic intervention accompany with lower canine atopic dermatitis extent andseverity index (CADESI) and pruritus visual analogue scale (PVAS) scores. The possible mechanisms involved thescrewing Th1/Th2-releated cytokines and modulating the microbiota in skin and gut. Administration of Lc. lactis
subsp. cremoris and Lb. paracasei subsp. paracasei it might provide a potential strategy for alleviating CAD.
Keywords: probiotics, canine atopic dermatitis, lactococcus lactis, lactobacilus paracasei				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

979

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SC4-5

Effects of supplementation methods of probiotic
Enterococcus faecium on broilers gut and nasal microbiota
J Park, B Xuan, S Choi and EB Kim
Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National
University, Chuncheon, 24341, Kangwon-do, Korea
jong7bin@kangwon.ac.kr

After the ban on the use of antibiotics as a growth promoter, various feed additives including probiotics havebeen added to the feed. However, there are several issues such as stability and survivability when probiotics use
as a feed additive. Here, we evaluate the effects of supplementation methods of probiotic Enterococcus faeciumon chicken gut and nasal (choanal) microbiota. Broilers in the control (Con) group were fed a basal diet and thetreatment groups were supplemented E. faecium added to the feed (Efm_feed) or sprayed (Efm_spray) directly
onto the chicken every day. Thirty-nine-day-old broilers’ feces and choanal swabbed samples were obtained andsequenced using the V4 regions of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. The body weight and weight gain didn’t show asignificant difference among the group. In the microbial diversity, the observed features were higher in the choanalgroup than in the feces group. The relative abundance of microbiota showed a similar pattern in the feeding andspraying group. In the fecal sample, Lactobacillus, Clostridium cluster I, and Romboutsia were increased in the
probiotic treated group while the Enterococcus, Paenibacillus, and Lysinibacillus were decreased than control. In
the choanal sample, mucus-related bacteria such as Desulfovibrio, Parabacteroides, and Prevotella were increased
in both Efm_feed and Efm_spray groups. The results indicate that the supplementation of probiotic Enterococcus
by feeding or spraying could change the intestinal and respiratory microbiota pattern similarly. Our findings
provide new insights into the supplementation methods of probiotics.
Keywords: broiler, microbiome, probiotics

980

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Asian-Australasian Association ofAnimal Production

August 26
Young Scientist
Competition

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

YC1

Animal Biotechnology Division

Aug. 26, 08:30-10:10 / Rm. 401

Chair. Donghyun Shin (Jeonbuk National University, Korea)
Chair. Youngsok Choi (Konkuk University, Korea)

YC1-1
08:30-08:50

YC1-2
08:50-09:10

YC1-3
09:10-09:30

YC1-4
09:30-09:50

982

Expression and function of CD40-CD40 ligand at the maternal-conceptus interface
in pigs
Inkyu Yoo, Soohyung Lee, Yugyeong Cheon and Hakhyun Ka
Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
YME1L1 is required for mitochondrial function during early embryonic developmentin pigs
Zhou Dongjie, Cui Xiang-Shun
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea
Exosomes from highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1-infected chickens
stimulate antiviral immune responses of chicken immune cells
YJ Hong1, AD Truong2, TH Vu1, SY Lee1, JB Heo1, SY Kang1, HS Lillehoj3 and YH Hong1
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea,
2
Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, T, 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000,
Vietnam, 3Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Services,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus supplementation on hot season growth andintestinal performances of broilers
HY Kuo and IH Chang
Livestock Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

YC2

Animal Production Division

Aug. 26, 08:30-10:10 / Rm. 402

Chair. Beob Gyun Kim (Konkuk University, Korea)
Chair. Tan Sol Park (Chung-Ang University, Korea)

YC2-1
08:30-08:50

YC2-2
08:50-09:10

YC2-3
09:10-09:30

YC2-4
09:30-09:50
YC2-5
09:50-10:10

Ulva lactuca powder can replace trace mineral supplementation in broilers
NB Lumbo and BA GarachicoAnimal Nutrition Division, Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science,
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
Effect of L-methionine and DL-methionine on the growth performance in broiler
chickens
SH An1, JH Yoon1, IH Cho1, CW Lee1, HJ Kim2, E Han2, BK Koo2 and C Kong1
1
Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
2
CJ CheilJedang, BIO ANH, Seoul, Korea
A robust meta-analysis describes nitrogenous compounds' effectiveness indecreasing CH4 production while increasing the VFA concentration in probiotic
supplementation
LL Mamuad, SH Kim and SS Lee
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
Utility of fermentation products on Formosan Sambar deer
IH Chang and HY Kuo
Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Tainan, Taiwan
Process development for chicken meat emulsion sausage with plant oil andelucidation of its mechanism on emulsion stability
DJ ShinKangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

983

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

YC3

Animal Biotechnology Division

Aug. 26, 10:30-12:10 / Rm. 401

Chair. Seung Hwan Lee (Chungnam National University, Korea)
Chair. Ki-Duk Song (Jeonbuk National University, Korea)

YC3-1
10:30-10:50

YC3-2
10:50-11:10

YC3-3
11:10-11:30

984

Natural infection of multiple haemoparasite species and place of animals’ origin
affect the milk production of Mafriwal cows
HAM Muhammad-Ali1,2, AM Sabrina1, B Sabariah2, CW Salma1, H Hasimah1, H Yaakub3
and Basripuzi N Hayyan1
1Department of Paraclinical, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan,
Kelantan, Malaysia, 2Department of Veterinary Services Kluang, Johor, Malaysia, 3Department of
Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Are heat-killed probiotics more effective than live ones on colon length shortness,disease activity index, and the histological score of an inflammatory bowel diseaseinduced murine model?: a meta-analysis
JIC Poaty Ditengou1,SI Ahn2, BH Chae1 and NJ Choi11
Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea,
2
Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Korea

Limosilactobacillus mucosae LM1 altered gut microbiome structure and increased
SCFA in growing pigs
R Vasquez, Q Zhang, JH Song, IC Hwang, IH Kim, D-K Kang
Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

YC4

Animal Production Division

Aug. 26, 10:30-12:10 / Rm. 402

Chair. Ja kyeom Seo (Pusan National University, Korea)
Chair. Kyu-Hyun Park (Kangwon National University, Korea)

YC4-1
10:30-10:50
YC4-2
10:50-11:10

YC4-3
11:10-11:30

YC4-4
11:30-11:50

YC4-5
11:50-12:10

The impact of abnormal scenarios affecting production of whole crop maize in Korea
M Kim, CE Kim, D Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, BW Kim and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
HSP70 mRNA abundance as thermotolerance indicator in water buffaloes and its
correlation to semen quality and milk production
Excel Rio S. Maylem1, Gerald E. Ramos1, Shanemae M. Rivera1, Emma C. Venturina2,
Edwin C. Atabay1,2 and Eufrocina P. Atabay1
1
Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines,
2
Philippine Carabao Center at Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva
Ecija, Philippines
A study on the application of the animal welfare assessment protocol to Koreannative cattle (Hanwoo) in Korea
SY Jang1, NY Kim3, SJ Kim3 and SH Moon2
1
Livestock Environmental Management Institute, Sejong, Korea, 2Konkuk University, Chungju,
Korea, 3Asia Pacific Ruminant Institute, Kyunggi, Korea
Are male layer chickens profitable to be produced under free-ranged production
system? Growth performance, carcass traits, and diet economics
NB Lumbo, AJ Salces, MCR Oliveros, JAI Nuez III, BH Malinao and JMDD Dominguez
Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines
Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
Comparing N2O and CH4 emissions from different dairy cattle manure processing
WA Zahra1, M Ikhsan2
1
Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University(Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia, 2Indonesian Centre for Animal Research andDevelopment, Bogor, Indonesia

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

985

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

YC1-1

Expression and function of CD40-CD40 ligand at thematernal-conceptus interface in pigs
Inkyu Yoo, Soohyung Lee, Yugyeong Cheon and Hakhyun Ka
Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
pigfighter@nate.com

The CD40 and CD40 ligand (CD40L) system is known to play an important role in the regulation of celland antibody-mediated immunity. The binding of CD40L expressed on the T cells to CD40 on the antigenpresenting cells (APCs) induces activation of T cells and APCs themselves, leading to immune responses. It has
been shown that the number of T cells was significantly increased in the endometrium during the implantation
period in pigs. However, the function of T cells in the endometrium during the implantation period has not beenstudied in pigs. Thus, to expand our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of T cell-mediated immunity at
the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs, we determined the expression and the function of CD40 and CD40L
in the endometrium. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that levels of CD40 mRNA in the endometrium werehighest on Day (D) 15 of pregnancy, and levels of CD40L mRNA increased on D15 of pregnancy, then decreased
thereafter toward term pregnancy. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that CD40 protein was mainly localized
to vascular endothelial cells and stromal cells in the endometrium with the most abundant signal intensity on D15
of pregnancy, while CD40L protein was predominantly localized to luminal epithelial cells on D15 of pregnancy.
These results showed that CD40 and CD40L were expressed in a cell-type and stage-specific fashion in theendometrium during pregnancy, suggesting that CD40 and CD40L may play an important role in the establishmentof pregnancy in pigs.
Keywords: pig, endometrium, CD40, CD40L

986

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

YC1-2

YME1L1 is required for mitochondrial function during early
embryonic development in pigs
Zhou Dongjie, Cui Xiang-Shun
Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea
zhoudongjie0112@gmail.com

YME1L1, a member of the AAA family of ATPases, is a nuclear genome-encoded ATP-dependent metalloproteaseembedded in the IMM. Its protease domain faces the IMS (also termed i-AAA protease). YME1L1 is also amitochondrial metalloprotease responsible for the cleavage of the mitochondrial GTPase OPA1. However,
how YME1L1 regulates mitochondrial function in porcine embryos is still obscure. In the present study, we
knock down the mRNA level of YME1L1 by the microinjection with dsRNA of YME1L1 at the 1-cell stage.
Immunofluorescence and western blot were used for detecting the localization and expression of YME1L1 andrelated proteins. Embryo cleavage rates, blastocyst diameter, and total cell number were measured to assess
the YME1L1 knock-down effect. Firstly, we found that endogenous YME1L1 locates at punctate structures of
mitochondria and is highly expressed in the BL stage. Knock-down of YME1L1 in porcine embryos results inmitochondrial fragmentation and leads to significantly decreased quality of blastocyst. Knock-down of YME1L1
induced an increase in ROS and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP level. In addition, YME1L1
knock-down also caused a significant release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, which is a pro-apoptotic signal.
Taken together, YME1L1 plays a critical role in embryo development by regulating mitochondrial morphology,function, and apoptosis in pigs.
Keywords: apoptosis, EGCG, mitochondria, oocyte aging

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l987

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

YC1-3

Exosomes from highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
H5N1-infected chickens stimulate antiviral immune
responses of chicken immune cells
YJ Hong1, AD Truong2, TH Vu1, SY Lee1, JB Heo1, SY Kang1, HS Lillehoj3 and YH Hong1
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea,
2
Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, T, 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000,
Vietnam, 3Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Services,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
lovejin5873@naver.com

Exosomes are membrane-derived small vesicles that mediate intracellular communication by delivering lipids,
proteins, DNA, and RNA from one cell to another. Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 causes
considerable economic loss in the poultry industry. The host innate immune system defends against H5N1 infection
by activating antiviral immune responses. This study aimed to demonstrated that immunomodulatory effects of
exosomes from HPAIV H5N1-infected White Leghorn chickens on chicken macrophages, fibroblasts, T cell, and B
cell lines. The expression of type I interferons (IFN-α and IFN-β) were highly upregulated in immune-related celllines after treatment with exosomes derived from H5N1-infected chickens. Moreover, levels of pro-inflammatory
cytokines, such as IFN-γ, IL-1β, and CXCL8, were also elevated by the exosomes. The mitogen-activated protein
kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was stimulated in immune-related cells by such exosomes via phosphorylationof extracellular regulated kinases 1/2 and p38 signaling molecules. Furthermore, the H5N1 viral proteins,
nucleoprotein (NP) and non-structural protein (NS1), were packaged in exosomes and successfully delivered to
non-infected immune-related cells. Therefore, exosomes from H5N1-infected chickens induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and stimulated the MAPK signaling pathway by delivering viral proteins (NP and NS1).
These findings would be helpful for understanding the mechanism of antiviral immune responses of host immunerelated cells via viral-protein-carrying exosomes and supporting their further application as a novel exosome-based
H5N1 AIV vaccine platform.
Keywords: avian influenza virus, H5N1, exosome, MAPK signaling pathway

988

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

YC1-4

Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus supplementation on
hot season growth and intestinal performances of broilers
HY Kuo and IH Chang
Livestock Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan
hsiaoyun.kuo@gmail.com

High ambient temperature in hot season caused massive economic losses of poultry industry by decreasing meatproduction quantity and quality. The environmental controlled poultry shed provided an improving productive
performance for poultry industry in hot season but consequential circumstances such as increased cost and energy
consumption were significant disadvantages. The study was conducted to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus
rhamnosus on the growth performance and intestinal traits of broiler raised in the hot season. Sixty broilers
were divided into two groups with basal diet as control group and 200 ppm Lactobacillus supplementation as
experimental group. The broilers were raised in the hot season with average temperature-humidity index (THI)> 72 during the 35 days of experiment. The growth traits, body temperature and respiration rate were recorded.
Twelve broilers of each group were sacrificed on day 35 to evaluate the intestinal morphology and bacteria
numbers of intestine. The results showed that the growth performances of weight gain, feed intake, and feed
conventional rate were higher, and the body temperature and respiration rate were lower in experimental group thanthe control group (p < 0.05). In intestinal traits, the experimental group had higher villi height, villi area, and theratio of Lactobacillus/E.coli numbers than the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the Lactobacillus rhamnosus
supplement feed had a positive effect in hot season on weight gain, heat dissipation, intestinal development, thebalance of microflora in the digestive tract, and inhibit pathogenic bacteria of broilers.
Keywords: Lactobacillus, broiler, hot season

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l989

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

YC2-1

Ulva lactuca powder can replace trace mineral
supplementation in broilers
NB Lumbo and BA GarachicoAnimal Nutrition Division, Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science,
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
nblumbo@up.edu.ph

This study evaluated the effects of Ulva lactuca powder as a replacement for inorganic trace minerals on the
production performance of broilers from 1 to 35 days old. A total of 300 straight-run broilers (Cobb 500) wereallotted using completely randomized design to three dietary treatments: corn-soybean basal diet, basal dietwithout trace mineral premix and basal diet with 1% Ulva lactuca powder without trace mineral premix. There
were ten replicate pens for each treatment with ten birds per pen. No significant differences were observed in bodyweight at harvest of broilers fed with basal diet and Ulva lactuca fed broilers. The overall average daily gain ofbroilers fed the basal diet and Ulva lactuca powder were both significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those fed without
trace minerals. All treatments had no significant effect on average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio, butbroilers fed diets without trace minerals were significantly lighter (p < 0.05) with reduced average daily gain. In
conclusion, the addition of 1% Ulva lactuca powder was able to replace trace minerals in the diet without having
adverse effect on body weight gain, average daily gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of the broilers.
Keywords: broiler nutrition, trace minerals, Ulva lactuca

990

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

YC2-2

Effect of L-methionine and DL-methionine on the growth
performance in broiler chickens
SH An1, JH Yoon1, IH Cho1, CW Lee1, HJ Kim2, E Han2, BK Koo2 and C Kong1
1

Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
2
CJ CheilJedang, BIO ANH, Seoul, Korea
changsukong@knu.ac.kr

The present study conducted the effect of dietary methionine (Met) sources, DL-Met (99% of purity) and L-Met(90% of purity), on growth performance during different growth stages (pre-starter, starter, and grower). A totalof 192 one-d-old male broilers (Ross 308) were individually weighed and randomly assigned to four treatment
diets with six replicates for each treatment in a randomized complete block design. A control diet (DLMET) was
formulated to meet the Met requirement by adding DL-Met, other diets supplemented with L-Met to meet 85%(LMET1) and 90% (LMET2) of Met requirement and to contain the same amount with added DL-Met in the
DLMET (LMET3). Body weight gain, feed intake, and gain to feed ratio of birds were calculated at different
growth stages (1 to 7 d, 7 to 21 d, and 21 to 28 d). Overall, birds fed DLMET and LMET1 showed no differences
in body weight gain, feed intake, and gain to feed ratio. On d 21, birds fed LMET3 had greater body weight thanbirds fed LMET1 (p < 0.05). Despite the lower Met concentration in diets supplemented with L-Met, the growth
performance of birds fed diets containing L-Met was comparable to birds fed diets supplemented with DL-Met.
Keywords: methionine, growth performance, isomer, broiler chicken				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

991

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

YC2-3

A robust meta-analysis describes nitrogenous compounds'
effectiveness in decreasing CH4 production while increasing
the VFA concentration in probiotic supplementation
LL Mamuad, SH Kim and SS Lee
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
loveliamamuad2306@gmail.com

Nitrogenous compounds (NC) are N-containing compounds that are used as ammonium-N supplements while
probiotics are beneficial active microorganisms that have been used as feed additives in ruminant diets. The
effects of NC and probiotics on methane (CH4) emission, pH level, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration
were evaluated in this study using meta-analysis. A database was created using only reports of in vivo trials from2000 to 2020 that measured ruminant enteric CH4 emissions with supplementation of NC and/or probiotics. A
total of 52 NC and 36 probiotics supplements publications were analyzed for their effect on CH4 production, pH
level, and VFA concentration in cattle. There were 88 studies used for CH4 emission, 45 for pH level, and 47
for VFA concentrations. Mix 2.0 (professional software for meta-analysis in excel) was used to perform robust
meta-analysis on the effect of NC and probiotics on cattle's CH4 emission, pH level, and VFA concentration.
Significantly lower CH4 production (mean difference of -2.435) and significantly higher pH levels (mean differenceof 0.123) were observed in NC supplementation than in probiotics supplementation. Probiotics supplementation
had significantly higher VFA concentrations with a mean difference of 3.528. The gender of the cattle had no effecton CH4 emission, pH level, and VFA concentration. The CH4 emission subgroup comparison between respirationchamber and sulfur hexafluoride, and pH subgroup comparison between Greenfeed and sulfur hexafluoride
had significant differences. Overall, the meta-analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of NC in decreasing CH4
production and increasing the VFA concentration in probiotic supplementation.
Keywords: meta-analysis, methane, nitrogenous compounds, probiotics

992

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

YC2-4

Utility of fermentation products on Formosan Sambar deer
IH Chang and HY Kuo
Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Tainan, Taiwan
ihchang2021@gmail.com

The study discussed different domestic fermentation products using in feed of Formosan Sambar deer, including
fermented feed additives and haylage, to investigate the effect of fermented feed additives added in diet during
velvet growing stage on antler velvet production and palatability of fermented roughage in Formosan Sambar
deer. The results showed the positive effects of feeding fermented feedstuff during the antler growing stage whichwere elevated tendency of antler velvet weight and growing rate, and crude ash, calcium and phosphorous content
of antler velvet dry matter in fermentation group were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Since mammalianherbivores have keen sense of smell to help them decide the preference of nutrients, we also tested the palatabilityof fermentation products according to Formosan Sambar deer’s feed preference of daily intake. The results showedthat Pangola haylage in Formosan Sambar deer has significantly improved palatability than Pangola hay and
Bermuda hay (p < 0.05). Taken together, utility of fermentation products had positive effects in Formosan Sambar
deer. Using domestic fermented haylage improved the palatability of Pangola hay for Formosan Sambar deer,and fermented feed additives during velvet growing period showed significant increasing of mineral content andobserved a tendency of velvet weight increasing.
Keywords: Formosan Sambar deer, fermentation products, haylage, palatability				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

993

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

YC2-5

Process development for chicken meat emulsion sausage
with plant oil and elucidation of its mechanism on emulsion
stability
DJ ShinKangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
timothy1q@naver.com

Substitution of animal fat in emulsion-type chicken meat sausages with plant oil has advantages in balanced
nutrition for human health. However, in manufacturing sausage with plant oil, there have been contradictory results
on its emulsion stability and final quality. To resolve this problem, additional processing steps or food additives
should be applied. If it could be achieved without the costly steps by optimization of processing conditions, theutilization of plant oil for processed meat manufacturing could be more practically employed in the industry andbenefits health-conscious consumers. For this, i) olive oil was selected as a feasible plant oil for chicken emulsion
sausage manufactured with broiler and old laying hen among the candidate plant oils. ii) the processing conditions(cutting time and cooking temperature) were optimized to improve the quality properties of chicken sausage
with olive oil. iii) to elucidate the mechanism of the stable emulsification between chicken meat and olive oil, its
chemical bonds, and protein-lipid interactions were analyzed. With increased cutting time and cooking temperaturethan those for ordinary chicken sausage with pork backfat, a stable emulsion of chicken sausages with olive oil
could be made. The mechanism for the higher emulsion stability was identified as the effects of finer distributionof lipid droplets, increased amount of protein from the surface of lipid droplets, a more formation of crosslinking, and the modified fatty acid composition. The result of this study suggests the possibility of olive oil being
incorporated well with chicken meat without additional additives and complicated processing.
Keywords: chicken sausage, plant oil, emulsification994

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

YC3-1

Natural infection of multiple haemoparasite species andplace of animals’ origin affect the milk production of
Mafriwal cows
HAM Muhammad-Ali1,2, AM Sabrina1, B Sabariah2, CW Salma1, H Hasimah1, H Yaakub3
and Basripuzi N Hayyan1
1Department of Paraclinical, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan,
Kelantan, Malaysia, 2Department of Veterinary Services Kluang, Johor, Malaysia, 3Department of
Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
basripuzi@umk.edu.my

Haemoparasitism is often subclinical in ruminants causing loss of production among asymptomatic carriers. This
study aimed to investigate the effects of haemoparasite infection on the milk production of Mafriwal cows, theMalaysian Friesian-Sahiwal dairy crossbred. Twenty-nine cows from a farm in Johor, Malaysia were used. The
cows were originated from Johor, Peninsular Malaysia (n = 14) and Sabah, East Malaysia (n = 15). Blood samples
were collected via coccygeal vein and data on the milk yield per lactation (ranges 9-13 months) for each cow werecollected from the farm record. Thin blood smears and PCR were conducted to identify haemoparasites species
that naturally infected the cows. The cows were grouped according to infecting haemoparasite species: Anaplasma
marginale, Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis(A), A. marginale, B. bigemina and Theileria orientalis(B), A.
marginale and B. bigemina(C), B. bigemina and B. bovis(D), B. bigemina(E) and A. marginale, B. bigemina, B.
bovis and T. orientalis(F). A two-way ANOVA revealed significant effects of haemoparasite infection and animals’
origin on milk production (F(6 and 183) = 3.399, p = 0.003). Post-hoc Tukey’s test showed that milk production of cows
in group F was significantly lower than group A (p < 0.01) and milk production of cows originated from Sabah wassignificantly lower than those originated from Johor (p < 0.01). In conclusion, infection of multiple haemoparasite
species affects the milk production of Mafriwal cows thus requires effective control approaches. Additionally, theMafriwal cows that were originated from Sabah were unable to yield similar milk production from those originatedfrom Johor although the cows were raised in the same environment; presumably due to inadaptability to thewarmer location.
Keywords: Mafriwal, milk, production, haemoparasite				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

995

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

YC3-2

Are heat-killed probiotics more effective than live ones oncolon length shortness, disease activity index, and thehistological score of an inflammatory bowel diseaseinduced murine model?: a meta-analysis
JIC Poaty Ditengou1,SI Ahn2, BH Chae1 and NJ Choi11

Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea,
2
Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
celestinisaacjunior10@jbnu.ac.kr

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can affect animal health and the probiotics (Live or Heat-killed) aremicroorganisms able to mitigate its symptoms. We conducted this study to compare the efficiency of heat-killed
and live probiotics against colon length shortness, disease activity index (DAI), and the histological score of
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) via a meta-analysis. In February 2022, we searched the eligible papers on four
databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus). The effect sizes were estimated throughout
standardized mean difference, and we determined the statistical heterogeneity of the effect sizes using Cochran's
Q test, followed by meta-ANOVA and meta-regression analysis. We recorded 43 papers for our meta-analysis.
All the probiotics had an improving or preventive effect on colon length shortness, DAI, and histological score.
The live probiotics with lowest effect sizes for DAI and histological score had a better effect on these parameters(DAI, histological score) than heat-killed probiotics. On the other hand, the heat-killed probiotics presented ahigher influence on colon length factor comparatively to live probiotics. The articles with live and heat-killedprobiotics in the same experiment had the lowest effect sizes for colon length and intermediate effect size for
DAI and histological score. Despite some limitations noticed in the results of this meta-analysis due to the lack of
certain studies, it suggested that the live probiotics had globally a better impact on IBD symptoms than heat-killedprobiotics.
Keywords: live probiotics, heat-killed probiotics, inflammatory bowel disease, meta-analysis

996

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

YC3-3

Limosilactobacillus mucosae LM1 altered gut microbiome
structure and increased SCFA in growing pigs
R Vasquez, Q Zhang, JH Song, IC Hwang, IH Kim, D-K Kang
Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
robie.vasquez1@gmail.com

Recently, the search for novel probiotics for animal use have garnered increasing attention. Probiotic use has healthpromoting effects potentially through the modulation of the gut microbiome and its metabolites such as shortchain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs, such as butyrate, play an important role in intestinal health and development.
In this study, we investigated the potential of Limosilactobacillus mucosae LM1, a novel probiotic isolated fromthe intestine of healthy piglets. To date, the probiotic ability of L. mucosae LM1 in vivo has not yet investigated.
Specifically, the effects of L. mucosae LM1 feeding on the gut microbiota and fecal SCFA levels of growing pigs
were determined. This study used a total of 23 growing pigs weaned at 4 weeks of age. Pigs were divided into basal
diet group (Control, n = 12) and probiotic-supplemented group (LM1, n = 11). The feeding experiment lasted for 6
weeks. Fresh fecal samples were collected for metagenomic and metabolomic analysis. LM1 feeding significantly
increased fecal butyrate. Additionally, fecal acetate and iso-valerate concentrations were also elevated. In addition,
LM1 feeding corresponded with significant alteration of the gut microbiome and its predicted functions. LM1
feeding enriched the abundance of Lactobacillus, Holdemanella, Peptococcus, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium hallii
group, and Lachnospiraceae AC2044. Moreover, the altered gut microbiome correlated positively with the changes
in the fecal SCFAs levels. The results suggests that L. mucosae LM1 feeding altered SCFA levels, potentiallythrough the intestinal microbiota. Finally, this study provides insights on the use of L. mucosae LM1 as animal
probiotic to improve swine gut health.
Keywords: probiotics, pig, gut microbiome, SCFA				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

997

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

YC4-1

The impact of abnormal scenarios affecting production ofwhole crop maize in Korea
M Kim, CE Kim, D Kim, JS Choi, JY Kim, BW Kim and KI Sung
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
lunardevil@kangwon.ac.kr

This study aimed to assess the impact of abnormal climate scenarios on the production of whole crop maize (WCM)
in Korea. WCM data (n = 3,232) were collected from reports of new variety adaptability, and meteorological
data were collected from a weather information system. To generate abnormal scenarios, mean temperature,
precipitation, sunshine duration, and wind speed from seeding to harvesting were used based on early, middle, andlate periods using principal component analysis. The abnormal climate scenarios with adverse characteristics for
growth and development of WCM were distinguished from normal using Euclidean-distance discriminant analysis.
Then, to compare dry matter yield (DMY) between normal and abnormal, a t-test with a 5% significance level was
performed. As a result, abnormal climate appeared in all periods except for early May, late May, and early August.
In particular, the difference in DMY between normal and abnormal climate scenarios was greatest in late June, to
1,155.9 kg/ha (p < 0.05). Where, at the end of June, abnormal climate showed the characteristics of fast wind andhigh precipitation. It means that typhoons during the silking stage were the most fatal and unfavorable abnormal
climate scenario during the growth period of WCM. This study was carried out to assess the impact of abnormal
climate scenarios on the DMY of WCM, and it can be helpful to make a guideline for its vulnerability in Korea.
This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science andICT (NRF- 2022R1C1C1004618).
Keywords: whole crop maize, abnormal climate scenario, dry matter yield998

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

YC4-2

HSP70 mRNA abundance as thermotolerance indicator inwater buffaloes and its correlation to semen quality andmilk production
Excel Rio S. Maylem1, Gerald E. Ramos1, Shanemae M. Rivera1, Emma C. Venturina2,
Edwin C. Atabay1,2 and Eufrocina P. Atabay1
1

Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines,
Philippine Carabao Center at Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija,
Philippines

2

ersmaylem@gmail.com

Heat stress (HS) is a significant inhibitor of milk and semen production in livestock species. The HSP70mRNA abundance is used as an indicator of both HS and thermotolerance. The study aims to detect the mostthermotolerant breed of water buffaloes in the Philippines and correlate to semen quality and milk production.
Lymphocytes were collected from different breeds (Bulgarian, Brazilian, Italian and Philippine Native) of bulls (n= 10) and cows (n = 12) in four varying seasons. Cellular RNA was extracted for gene expression analysis, while
subsequent semen quality and milk production were recorded. Data were analyzed using ANOVA for HSP70mRNA abundance, and Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated among HSP70 mRNA abundance andenvironmental conditions, semen quality, and milk production. Significant correlations were found between HSP70mRNA abundance and environmental temperature (r = 0.20; p < 0.05) and rainfall (r = 0.31; p < 0.05). HSP70mRNA was highest in hot-dry (4.31-fold; p < 0.05) and least in cold-wet seasons. Semen volume (r = 0.2; p <0.05) and milk production (r = 0.4; p < 0.05) were positively correlated with HSP70 mRNA abundance. Philippine
Native was identified as most thermotolerant breed with the least (0.35-fold; p < 0.05) HSP70 mRNA abundance.
Foreign breeds were more stressed due to high HSP70 mRNA presented (up to 3.75-fold) but maintained goodsemen quality, while Native breed had least semen volume but comparable (p > 0.05) initial motility and sperm
concentration to foreign breeds. Thus, HSP70 serves as a protective mechanism for maintaining semen quality
and milk production. Finally, HSP70 can be used as an indicator of thermotolerance in water buffaloes for thedevelopment of thermoresilient breeds.
Keywords: buffalo, HSP70, heat stress, semen quality, milk production				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

999

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

YC4-3

A study on the application of the animal welfare
assessment protocol to Korean native cattle (Hanwoo)
in Korea
SY Jang1, NY Kim3, SJ Kim3 and SH Moon2
1

Livestock Environmental Management Institute, Sejong, Korea, 2Konkuk University, Chungju,
Korea, 3Asia Pacific Ruminant Institute, Kyunggi, Korea
seyoung113@naver.com

The purpose of this study is to modify and supplement the evaluation items to suit the domestic situation by
conducting field tests on Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) for the domestic application of the protocol for upgrading
the level of animal welfare. Field demonstrations were conducted on nine Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) farms
with a general size (average 123 heads). The protocol evaluation items include four major categories (good feeding,good housing, good health and appropriate behaviour) and 28 sub-categories. Field demonstrations were conductedby visiting the farm and conducting evaluations according to the manual. Good feeding items showed a high levelwith an average of 97.3 points. Good housing item averaged 79.1 points, showing a low level. The average scoreof good health condition items was 86.2 points, showing a normal level. The appropriate behaviour item was 78.1
points, showing a low level. The total average of nine Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) was 85.2 points. The levelof breeding environment of Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) farms in Korea was generally high. However, among
the evaluation items, the score of the animal-centered observation item was low. Through this field experiment ofanimal welfare level evaluation protocol, objectivity was secured by modifying and supplementing the evaluation
items according to the domestic situation. In the future, it can be expected to upgrade the evaluation of animal
welfare by applying the protocol item to the evaluation item of the domestic animal welfare livestock certification
system.
Keywords: animal welfare, Korean native cattle, welfare quality assessment protocol

1000

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

YC4-4

Are male layer chickens profitable to be produced underfree-ranged production system? Growth performance,
carcass traits, and diet economics
NB Lumbo, AJ Salces, MCR Oliveros, JAI Nuez III, BH Malinao and JMDD Dominguez
Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines
Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
In the Philippines, day-old commercial strains of male layer chickens are usually grounded and used as livestock
and pet feeds, served as fried delicacy in streets, or sold as dye-soaked pets for children during festivals. These
practices have been considered as ethically wrong. One solution to prevent these is by raising male layers underalternative production system. The study examined a total of 400 males of two commonly used layer chicken
genotypes, ISA Brown (IBr) and Bovans White (BWh), for their performance in meat production and profitability
to be raised under a free-ranged system. Chickens were randomly distributed to 10 houses with range area. All
management practices and feed composition strictly adhered to the guidelines set by the Philippine National
Standards (PNS/BAFS 262:2018) for Free-Ranged Chicken. Chicken houses and range area were constructedwith a stocking density of six birds/m2 and one bird/m2, respectively. Growth performance data were collectedbimonthly. At 90 days, five chickens per houses were randomly sacrificed to assess the carcass traits. Overall (d0 to 85), IBr has considerable (all p < 0.05) higher ADG and lower ADFI that resulted in better feed-to-gain thanBWh. Genotype-dependent differences were also evident, with higher carcass yield and cut-up parts (kg) for IBr.
Interestingly, IBr exhibited higher %Legs and %Bone in legs but lower %Lean in legs than BWh. Both BWh and
IBr had positive margin over feed cost. In conclusion, raising IBr and BWh can be a profitable alternative to thecurrent practices done in culling day-old male chicks.
Keywords: free-ranged system, carcass characteristics, growth performance				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1001

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

YC4-5

Comparing N2O and CH4 emissions from different dairy
cattle manure processing
WA Zahra1, M Ikhsan2
1

Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University(Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia, 2Indonesian Centre for Animal Research andDevelopment, Bogor, Indonesia
windialzahra@apps.ipb.ac.id

Nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) are two main greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions being emitted during
manure management. Different dairy cattle manure processing can potentially affect GHG emissions. However,
GHG emissions related to processing of dairy cattle manure in Indonesian smallholder dairy farms are unknown.
Therefore, the study compared N2O and CH4 emissions from different dairy cattle manure processing. The research
was conducted at the research station dairy cooperative of Lembang, Indonesia on July 2018. Two different dairy
cattle manure processing were compared: dried solid dairy cattle (M1) and bio-slurry (M2). Fresh solid dairy cattle
were collected, dried for 21 days, and heaped. The bio-slurry dairy cattle were collected from biogas and stored ina 1.5 m × 2 m × 0.5 m size container and filled to 20-30 cm. N2O and CH4 gasses were collected at week 1 (W1),week 2 (W2), week 3 (W3), and week 4 (W4); three repetitions of gas collection each week. At each week, the gas
was collected at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 minutes after the chamber was deployed at 9.45 am. The gas was analysedusing gas chromatography at the Environmental Research Centre laboratory. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was
performed to compare N2O and CH4 gasses of M1 and M2, and the changes of N2O and CH4 over weeks. The
results showed that N2O gas differed significantly among treatments (p < 0.05), whereas CH4 gas did not differ
significantly. To conclude, considering manure processing as a mitigation strategy to reduce GHG is important.
Keywords: climate change, dairy cattle manure, greenhouse gas emissions, manure processing

1002

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Asian-Australasian Association ofAnimal Production

Lunch & Satellite
Symposium

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

LS1

JAST Publication Ethics Forum

Aug. 24, 12:00-14:20 / Rm. 301

Chair. Younghoon Kim (Seoul National University, Korea)
LS1-1
12:00-12:40

LS1-2
12:40-13:20
13:20-14:20

LS2

How to increase journal impact factor with ethical consideration
Sun HuhHallym University, Korea
 ublication ethics and its recent advancement for journal reviewers and editors
P
Cheol-Heui Yun
Seoul National University, Korea
Discussion

Illumina

Aug. 24, 12:00-13:00 / Rm. 201

Chair. Jun Heon Lee (Chungnam National University, Korea)
LS2-1
12:00-12:20

LS2-2
12:20-13:00

1004

An introduction to Illumina technologies from XT chips to metagenomics NGS
Jay YoonIllumina Korea Ltd., Korea
New Zealand from parentage to understanding the milk microbiome
Christine Couldrey
Livestock Improvement Corporation, New Zealandl Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

LS3

Emerging Researches of Animal Science and Biotechnology 1

Aug. 25, 12:00-14:20 / Samda A (3F)

Chair. Sunghak Kim (Chonnam National University, Korea)
LS3-1
12:00-12:35

LS3-2
12:35-13:10

LS3-3
13:10-13:45
LS3-4
13:45-14:20

The application of omics to understand protozoal ciliates within the rumen
microbiome
Tansol Park1 and Zhongtang Yu2
1
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do,
Korea, 2Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
Precision Nutrition: a systems approach to measure the nutritional value in swine
diets
JC Jang1,2, KH Chung1, KK Cho1, CY Lee1 and SH Oh1,2
1
Division of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea, 2Agri- Food
Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea
Application of proteomics to discover biomarkers in reproduction
WS Kwon
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
Quantitative genetic analysis of the blood transcriptome to improve diseaseresilience in pigs
Kyu-Sang Lim1,2, Jian Cheng2, Christopher Tuggle2, Michael Dyck3, PigGen Canada4,
Frederic Fortin5, John Harding6, Graham Plastow3 and Jack Dekkers2
1
Department of Animal Resource Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, 32439, Korea,
2
Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States, 3Departmentof Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,
4
PigGen Canada Research Consortium, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, 5Centre de Développement duPorc du Québec Inc. (CDPQ), Québec City, QC, Canada, 6Department of Large Animal Clinical
Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1005

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

LS4

Emerging Researches of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2

Aug. 25, 12:00-14:20 / Samda B (3F)

Chair. Minjung Yoon (Kyungpook National University, Korea)
LS4-1
12:00-12:35

LS4-2
12:35-13:10

LS4-3
13:10-13:45

LS4-4
13:45-14:20

LS5

Emerging research in food animal breeding
SH Oh1 and SD Kim2
1
Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National
University, Korea, 2Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Korea
Studies on oxidative stess of hyperprolific sows and its association with housing
environment during gestation and lactation
Jinhyeon Yun, Hyeon-Uk Shin and Juho Lee
Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
Translational research for hematologic disease using primate model
Kyung-Rok Yu
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences,
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Recent development of probiotics and milk proteins in dairy industry
JY Joung, EA Kim and GS Park
R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, Gyeonggi, 15407, Korea

Hanwoo Symposium

Aug. 25, 12:00-14:20 / Rm. 201

Chair. Chul Ju Yang (Sunchon National University, Korea)
LS5-1
12:10-12:50

LS5-2
12:55-13:35

LS5-3
13:40-14:20

1006

The main points in the nutrition and management of Japanese Black cattle
Sanggun RohTohoku University, JapanThe comparison of critical technology for high marbled beef production between
Hanwoo and Wagyu
Seong Gu Hwang
Hankyong National University, Korea
 he Comparative analysis by color of cervical mucus at the optimal time ofT
insemination in Hanwoo
Seongho Mun
Jeju National University, Korea

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

LS6

Handon (Korean Pork) Industry Symposium

Aug. 25, 12:40-15:00 / Rm. 202

Chair. Ki Hong Ahn (Ahn Pig Research, Korea)
LS6-1
12:50-13:50

LS6-2
14:00-14:30
LS6-3
14:30-15:00

Characteristics of Danish genetic and general management
Thomas Greve
Breeders of Denmark
Nutrition strategy for piglet livability
Hyung Il Lee
Promivi, Korea
Ways to improve feed conversion ratio
Young cheol Jung
Farmsco, Korea

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1007

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SS1

Cargill Agri Purina

Sustainability of animal production
Liang Chou Hsia
Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan

SS1-1
16:40-17:20

Emerging ESG trend in animal production
Seung-Kwon YooDepartment of ESG MBA, Hanyang University, Korea

SS1-2
17:20-18:00

Role of feed industry towards sustainable animal production
Jeong-Hoon Kim
Head of R&D center, Cargill Animal Nutrition, Korea

SS1-3
18:00-18:40

SS2
SS2-1
14:40-15:20

SS2-2
15:30-16:10

SS2-3
16:20-17:00

SS2-4
17:10-17:50

1008

Aug. 23, 16:40-18:40 / Rm. 402

CJ

Aug. 24, 14:30-18:00 / Rm. 202

CJ Feed&Care paradigm shift for sustainable animal breeding
BI Lopez and H KangCJ Feed&Care, Korea
Development of novel extracellular vesicle based antiviral strategies for porcine
epidemic diarrhea (PED) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS)
Kyung-Rok Yu
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences,
Seoul National University, Korea
Xylanase beyond its traditional roles: impacts on mucosa-associated microbiota
and intestinal healthSung Woo Kim, Marcos Elias Duarte, Vitor Hugo Moita and Jonathan T. Baker
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, USA
Application of low protein, amino acid supplemented diets in broilers: prospects,
developments and challenges
RC Sulabo
Institute of Animal Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Animal Bioscience Forum 2022

Aug. 25, 14:40-16:55 / Rm. 201

Chair. Cheol-Heui Yun (Seoul National University, Korea)
AB-1
14:40-15:10

AB-2
15:10-15:40

AB-3
15:40-16:10

AB-4
16:10-16:40

Current gene-editing systems and their applications in livestock and beyond
Tae Sub Park
Graduate School of International Agriculture Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Development and application of gene editing in pig production: reproductive
technology pathways from laboratory to farm
Ching-Fu Tu
Division of Animal Technology, Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
 etagenomic investigation of microbiomes in animal nutrition
M
Minseok Kim
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
MEATabolomics in postmortem aging of beef and pork
Susumu Muroya
Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (NARO), Japan				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1009

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Jeju Eco-Friendly Livestock Symposium (In Korean)Aug. 25, 15:00-18:00 / Rm. 202

Chair. Chang-Bum Yang (Jeju National University, Korea)
15:20-15:40

Jeju livestock industry status and policy
Yun-Wook Kang
Livestock Affairs Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Korea

15:40-16:00

Conservation and industrialization of indigenous livestock species in Jeju
Dae-Cheol Kim
Livestock Promotion Center, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Korea

16:00-16:20

 eju Hanwoo industry status and development planJ
Ki-Jeong Ko
Jeju Branch of the Korea Beef Producers Association, Korea

16:30-16:50

Current status of Jeju pig industry and development plan
Jae-Woo Kim
Jeju Branch of the Korea Pork Producers Association, Korea

16:50-17:10

Jeju horse industry status and development plan
Deok-Moon Kim
Jeju Horse Producers Association, Korea

17:10-17:30

 eju livestock food status and development plan
J
YounChul Ryu
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Korea

17:30-18:00

Discussion

1010

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

LS3-1

The application of omics to understand protozoal ciliates
within the rumen microbiome
Tansol Park1 and Zhongtang Yu2
1

Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do,
Korea, 2Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
tansol@cau.ac.kr

The rumen microbiome, containing bacteria, archaea, protozoa, and fungi with their genomic potential, is
important to provide energy sources to host ruminants by extracting those from forage and grains throughmicrobial fermentation. However, rumen protozoa have been understudied because of the difficulties of invitro cultivation and establishing axenic culture, even though up to 50% of total ruminal microbial biomass
is derived from this particular microbial consortium. The interaction of rumen protozoa with other microbial
guilds in the rumen strongly associated with current environmental issues including methane production andnitrogen utilization efficiency. At least 15 protozoal genera have been identified based on 18S rRNA genes but
their individual metabolic and nutritional characterization need to be further studied. Partial inhibition of rumen
protozoal population seems to be effective to modify rumen microbiome but still debating which protozoal generaor species need to be blamed for its hydrogen-producing or bacterivory behaviour. First genome sequenced
rumen protozoal species, Entodinium caudatum, suggests the way to understand rumen protozoa without axenic
cultivation. Together with transcriptomic data, identification of the presence and expression of specific genes
including hydrogenase, bacterivory-related proteolysis, oxygen scavengers, etc. in protozoal populations canbe used to manipulate those to improve ruminant production. Furthermore, upcoming metaproteomics andmetatranscriptomics data obtained from a variety of rumen protozoal consortium in different feeding conditions
will shed light on the study of this mysterious eukaryotic microorganisms within the rumen microbiome.
Keywords: rumen microbiome, rumen protozoa, genome, Entodinium caudatum				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1011

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

LS3-2

Precision Nutrition: a systems approach to measure thenutritional value in swine diets
JC Jang1,2, KH Chung1, KK Cho1, CY Lee1 and SH Oh1,2
1

Division of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea, 2Agri- Food Bio
Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea
jaejang1278@gnu.ac.kr

High corn and soybean meal prices, and in some cases, reduced availability, are causing nutritionists to use moreco-products than ever before in order to minimize diet costs. Managing nutrient variability among co-productsources is the primary challenge to obtaining accurate nutrient loading values for use in feed formulation. The
adoption of precision nutrition practices in global pork production systems can improve the nutritional efficiencyof the diets and feeding programs while simultaneously reducing the negative environmental impacts of pork
production. Precision swine nutrition can only be achieved by using more accurate and comprehensive methods
and measures to determine the true nutri-physiological value of co-products used in swine diets. Traditional
analytical procedures and measures are useful for determining energy and nutrient digestibility of co-products,
but do not adequately evaluate their true physiological or biological value. Prediction equations, along with exvivo and in vitro analysis, provide some benefits for assessing the nutri-physiological value compared with in vivo
determinations, but they also have some limitations. There is considerable interest in using NIR to estimate energy
and digestible amino acid content in co-products, but there are several challenges that must be overcome before
this is a viable nutritional tool. In summary, several nutritional tools have been developed to estimate energy anddigestible content in co-products for swine, but more refinements and validation are needed. Efforts are needed todevelop similar "tools" for other common co-product ingredients used in swine diets to facilitate improvements inprecision swine nutrition and sustainable pork production systems.
Keywords: co-products, precision swine nutrition, in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo, sustainable pork production systems

1012

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

LS3-3

Application of proteomics to discover biomarkers in
reproduction
WS Kwon
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
wskwon@knu.ac.kr

In 1953, it became known to the world that DNA of the double helix structure was a genetic information material,from which humans made various attempts to decode encrypted genetic information. However, it was not until the
1970s that DNA sequencing analysis began, and with the development of gene amplification technology, efforts
were made to analyse all genetic information held by various organisms. In 1986, Thomas H. Roderic first used
the term "genomics", meaning "the study of analysing encoded genomes", finally, the term "proteome" began to
be used by Marc Wilkins in the mid-1990s, and the term "proteomics", meaning "the study of proteins", began to
be used throughout the academic field. Since then, molecular-level studies have been performed to understand thephysiological functions and life phenomena of various organisms, and various protein analysis techniques havebeen used for this purpose. Proteomic studies have been conducted and are being conducted to identify proteomic
biomarkers and to determine signalling pathways associated with reproduction. Recently, biomarkers have beendeveloped for predicting and diagnosing male fertility, and various efforts have been made to develop reproductive
toxic biomarkers. These efforts are expected to play an important role in enhancing livestock productivity as
well as the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic infertile patients. In addition, it suggests that reproductive toxic
biomarkers can be used as basic data for toxicological research and are expected to serve as criteria for selecting
NOAEL and LOAEL of various chemicals.
Keywords: proteomics, biomarker, reproduction, fertility, reproductive toxicology				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1013

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

LS3-4

Quantitative genetic analysis of the blood transcriptome toimprove disease resilience in pigs
Kyu-Sang Lim1,2, Jian Cheng2, Christopher Tuggle2, Michael Dyck3, PigGen Canada4,
Frederic Fortin5, John Harding6, Graham Plastow3 and Jack Dekkers2
1

Department of Animal Resource Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, 32439, Korea,
Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States, 3Department ofAgricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 4PigGen
Canada Research Consortium, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, 5Centre de Développement du Porc duQuébec Inc. (CDPQ), Québec City, QC, Canada, 6Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences,
University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
2kyusang@kongju.ac.kr

Evaluation of resilience after exposure to disease is confounded by the high-health conditions required in pig
nucleus breeding herds. Biomarkers of resilience that can be obtained from blood collected at the nucleus herd
level can help to overcome this limitation. The objective of this study was to investigate the population-level
blood transcriptome of young healthy pigs to identify genetic indicators for disease resilience. We estimatedthe heritability of the expression of 16,545 genes in the blood of 1,591 young healthy pigs and their genetic
correlations with resilience traits collected on these same pigs following their exposure to a natural polymicrobial
disease challenge. Blood samples were used for 3’mRNA sequencing and analysis of white blood cell counts(WBC). All pigs were genotyped with a 650k array. A total of 5,665 genes showed significantly heritable
expression levels (p < 0.05) with and/or without accounting for WBC in the mixed linear models. Genes withheritable expression levels were significantly enriched for biological processes such as cell activation, immune
system process, stress response, and leukocyte activation. Significant genetic correlations (p < 0.05) were observedwith all resilience phenotypes but not beyond expected false discovery rates. However, enrichment analysis
of genes ranked by estimates of genetic correlations with resilience phenotypes revealed significant biologicalprocesses related to immunity. These results suggest that expression levels in blood of young healthy pigs forgenes in specific biological pathways have potential as indicator traits to select for disease resilience. Funding from
USDA-NIFA #2017-67007-26144, Genome Canada, Genome Alberta, and PigGen Canada.
Keywords: pigs, disease resilience, blood, transcriptomics

1014

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

LS4-1

Emerging research in food animal breeding
SH Oh1 and SD Kim2
1

Division of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National
University, Korea, 2Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Korea
shoh@gnu.ac.kr

Food production has tripled in the past half-century. The world's population increased from 3 to 7 billion, andlife expectancy increased from 46 to 65. The 56% increase in global livestock production is due to livestock
improvement. The world's population is estimated to be 9.8 billion in 2050, so the production should more thandouble now. With an increasing number of food animals and a decreasing number of farmers, farmers and theirfarms are left with more animals to manage and control. Higher density in farms can accelerate the occurrencesof disease and lack of performance among food animals, not only damaging food quality but also raising serious
concerns for animal welfare. In the late 1980s, Precision Agriculture (PA) in cropping systems was introduced tomaximize soil use through technology while reducing environmental impacts. Important to understand is that PA,
along with its goal of maximizing efficiency and minimizing environmental damage, applies to any agricultural
production system, such as the animal industry. An example of PA in the animal industry is Precision Livestock
Farming, devoted to improving the efficiency of production and animal management, addressing concerns ofanimal welfare and health, and minimizing environmental damage and resource use. Especially widespread is theuse of advanced techniques such as image analyses, real-time monitoring of animals, and data collection fromsensors, images, and recordings. The objective of this study is to investigate advanced technologies to improve
productivity and the management of animal farms while applying emerging technologies to current animal
breeding systems.
Keywords: precision, livestock, sensor, image, analysis

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1015

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

LS4-2

Studies on oxidative stess of hyperprolific sows and its
association with housing environment during gestationand lactation
Jinhyeon Yun, Hyeon-Uk Shin and Juho Lee
Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
pilot9939@jnu.ac.kr

During gestation and lactation, sows undergo oxidative stress owing to excessive production of reactive oxygen
species, which are originated mainly from foetal and mammary gland growth. Studies agreed that the oxidative
stress status adversely affects not only farrowing and lactating performance including foetal and neonatal deathand growth retardation, but also reproductive health and welfare of the sows and their litters. In modern pig
production, due to selection of intensive breeding lines, the litter size has been considerably increased over the last
three decades. Large litters, however, aggravate the oxidative stress status of the sows and the neonates. Moreover,when the environment does not support the process of farrowing, regulatory hormones of parturition seem to be
disturbed and stress hormones induced by behavioural inhibition lead to short- and long-term adverse responses by
the sow in the peripartum period. Modern pig housing system, however, is characterized by intensive confinement,
and therefore also affected the farrowing process, which is constantly becoming more prolonged and complicated,
resulting in more physiological and metabolic burdens. In order to cope with these challenges and thus improve
fertility and welfare of the hyperprolific sow, this study focuses on the provision of the optimum housing
environment where the sow adequately expresses their innate behaviour during and after farrowing. This cancontribute favourably to modulate reproductive hormones, which possibly in turn lead to alleviating the oxidative
stress. It appears that maternal hormones may therefore be utilized to improve success rate of reproductive
management during farrowing and early lactation.
Keywords: redox status, large litter, maternal behaviour, nest-building, farrowing environment

1016

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

LS4-3

Translational research for hematologic disease using
primate model
Kyung-Rok Yu
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences,
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
cellyu@snu.ac.kr

Given the unique self-renewal and differentiation properties of Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs),a small number of genetically modified HSPCs could accomplish lifelong, corrective reconstitution of the entire
hematopoietic system in patients with various hematologic disorders. We adapted CRISPR/Cas9 editing of rhesus
macaque (RM) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to create the engineered large animal model ofa hematologic disease based on close phylogenetic/functional similarity of RM to human HSPCs. My talk will
focus on my recent studies; 1. The impact of aging on hematopoiesis; To investigate the hematopoietic aging,
we compared the clonal output of thousands of genetically barcoded HSPCs in aged vs young macaques after
autologous transplantation. 2. Engineering HSPCs to enable immunotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML);
To avoid a non-tumor toxicity in myeloid cells, we proposed a novel approach to the treatment of AML, CD33
KO HSPC derived hematopoietic system resistant to anti-CD33 CAR-T cells while enabling specific targeting of
AML. 3. Modeling clonal hematopoiesis (CH) in non-human primates; Recent population-based genomic studies
of human blood cells have identified somatic mutations associated with clonal expansions commonly arising withaging. We identified natural CH mutations equivalent to humans in aged rhesus macaques through error-corrected
ultra-deep sequencing with DNMT3A and TET2 mutation being the most frequent. Furthermore, we generated
CH models in young macaques via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing at the top three CH genes, DNMT3A,
TET2 and ASXL1, and confirmed significant expansion of multiple HSPC clones with heterozygous TET2 loss-offunction mutations. Our data provide insight into the translational hematology research for aging and cell therapy,
which is relevant for designing transplantation and immunotherapy strategies.
Keywords: hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, CRISPR/Cas9, CAR-T cells, disease model				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1017

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

LS4-4

Recent development of probiotics and milk proteins indairy industry
JY Joung, EA Kim and GS Park
R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, Gyeonggi, 15407, Korea
fyd0123@seoulmilk.co.kr

Lactic acid bacteria, especially the species belonging to the genus Lactobacillus, such as L. acidophilus, L.
rhamnosus, L. gasseri, L. fermentum, and L. plantarum act as important probiotics due to their strain-specificproperties that are beneficial to health. Currently, sufficient numbers of well-characterized probiotic strains areavailable for commercial use around the world. Recently, probiotics have emerged as potential, novel, and natural
therapeutic ingredients for application to dairy products. Here, we applied the probiotic strain, Lactobacillus
rhamnosus 4B15 (4B15), which was isolated from infant faeces and preliminarily evaluated its probiotic potential(e.g., acid and bile tolerance, bacterial adhesion capacity, and anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities,etc.) for fermentation of glycated milk casein. Then, we investigated the effects of glycated milk casein fermented
with 4B15 (FGc) on brain function and behavioural property in mice under chronic stress. Administration of
FGc significantly reduced the stress induced increase in serum corticosterone and decrease in serotonin levels.
Moreover, FGc effectively normalized the stress-induced alteration of gut microbiota, while chronic stressdisturbed the homeostasis of the gut microbiota. Chronic stress-induced dysregulation of gene and protein
expression related to neuroendocrine function, neuronal development, and neuro-inflammation, and blood-brain
barrier function was controlled by FGc pre-treatment. Additionally, anxiety-like behaviours induced by chronic
stress were also significantly decreased in the FGc group. Taken together, the FGc administration showed thepreventive effects on stress-related disorders by reducing the risk of brain dysfunction via regulation of stressmechanism, neurodegeneration, neuro-inflammation, and compositional change of gut microbiota. In consequent,these findings suggest that probiotics applied into dairy products could be proposed not only to improve intestinal
health, also to ameliorate stress-related neuronal disorders such as anxiety and depressive disorders.
Keywords: milk protein, probiotics, chronic stress, brain function, gut microbiome1018

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SS2-1

CJ Feed&Care paradigm shift for sustainable
animal breeding
BI Lopez and H KangCJ Feed&Care, Seoul, Korea
bryan.lopez@cj.net

Sustainability in animal breeding has a significant role to play in meeting the growing demand for animal products
and feeding an expanding population without adverse impact on the present or future. Sustainable animal breeding
can be understood as stable availability of breeding animals and their germinal products for commercial production
for present and future generations in an acceptable manner. It involves simple and well-defined breeding objectives,a coherent understanding of the structure of the breeding program, effective investment in trait measurement, andselecting the best animals that thrive on less resources. Through selection of the right animals, we can ensure that
their productivity and efficiency provide a better animal protein source for less resources and minimize the impactof each individual animal on the environment. Moreover, selecting animals that are more robust, resistant todiseases and can quickly recover from challenges on their own improves animal welfare as less animals suffer from
disease. Since the introduction of genomic selection, it has revolutionized the animal breeding industry because it
contributes to a more accurate prediction of breeding values, which in turn contributes directly to a higher genetic
gain. Additionally, reproductive technologies, data science, artificial intelligence, and precision livestock farming
contribute nowadays to increases in rates of genetic improvement. Here, we provide a perspective on our approachand the steps we are taking for sustainable animal breeding as a part of CJ Feed&Care mission to create a better
life with one health of people, animals and environment.
Keywords: sustainable, genetic improvement, genomics

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1019

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SS2-2

Development of novel extracellular vesicle based antiviralstrategies for porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) and porcine
reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS)
Kyung-Rok Yu
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences,
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
cellyu@snu.ac.kr

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are two major
swine diseases that cause major swine flow disruption and economic loss. They have proven to drive transmission
and dissemination risk due to their complex transmission factors and viral evolution. Pathophysiology of PED
and PRRS have been studied extensively, however, virus variants and receptor affinity and interaction dynamics
are still not well understood, making the vaccine or therapeutic research difficult. Extracellular vesicles (EVs)are lipid bilayer vesicles secreted by cells into the extracellular matrix and play an important role in cell‐to‐cell communication. EVs, consisting of exosomes, micro-vesicles, and other vesicles, may be involved in thepathogenesis of PED and PRRS, as well as the potential to serve as a therapeutic strategy that can target, bind,and suppress cellular uptake of PEDV and PRRSV. In this talk, novel engineered EV-based antiviral therapeuticstrategy targeting PED and PRRS will be discussed.
Keywords: PRRS, PED, extracellular vesicles, antiviral strategy

1020

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

SS2-3

Xylanase beyond its traditional roles: impacts on mucosaassociated microbiota and intestinal healthSung Woo Kim, Marcos Elias Duarte, Vitor Hugo Moita and Jonathan T Baker
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
sungwoo_kim@ncsu.edu

Xylans are in various forms in plant cells and are essential components making the structure of plants. Xylans once
ingested by animals cause viscosity to digesta in the small intestine as xylans are hygroscopic and animals lackendogenous enzymes to digest them. It is well investigated that xylans reduce the ability for monogastric animals todigest feeds and thus interfere nutrient utilization. Xylanase is well accepted as a feed additive to hydrolyze xylans
releasing entrapped nutrients for enhanced digestion. Xylanase, however, does not completely hydrolyze xylans
to xylose monomers but produces various sizes of xylose oligosaccharides. Recent research has been focused on
the role of xylanase generating xylose oligosaccharides. These can dramatically change the lumen environment by
modulating populations of intestinal microbiota. Our research indicates that xylanase supplementation increases
reduces viscosity of jejunal digesta, increases ileal digestibility of NSP, decreases pathogenic bacteria associated tojejunal mucosa, and reduces oxidative damages to jejunum leading to increases in growth performance of nursery
pigs. Functional roles of xylanase in intestinal health of nursery pigs are introduced and reviewed in this talk.
Keywords: intestinal health, mucosa-associated microbiota, nursery pigs, xylanase, xylans

				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1021

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

SS2-4

Application of low protein, amino acid supplemented dietsin broilers: prospects, developments and challenges
RC Sulabo
Institute of Animal Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
rcsulabo@up.edu.ph

Broiler chicken meat production is mainly focused on maximizing efficiencies of energy and amino acid utilization
to balance production yield, environmental output and economic returns. Modern breeding programs has produced
broilers with exceptional production performance with high requirements for dietary amino acids, and significant
efforts have been made to maximize the potential of low protein, amino acid supplemented diets in achieving
sustainable production of chicken meat. To date, numerous studies have demonstrated that formulating diets forbroilers without CP restrictions can maintain production performance as compared with standard CP diets and cansignificantly reduce the total N output into the environment. However, the production responses to low CP diets
when fed to broilers were equivocal and less consistent than in swine. Some of the observed negative effects oflowering CP were increased fat content, poorer feed efficiency, and reduced ADG in broilers compared with those
fed diets with standard CP. Because of these negative effects, many animal nutritionists are hesitant to employ low
CP diets in broilers. It is, therefore, important to elucidate factors and their potential complexities that contributeto poorer consistency in production responses in broilers fed low CP diets. It is hypothesized that nutrient
requirements of broilers fed low CP diets differ compared with those fed diets with standard CP levels. Improved
knowledge on amino acid requirements may allow for more accurate nutrition at the lowest level of CP possible
resulting to improvements in production performance of broilers and reduced feed costs.
Keywords: low crude protein, amino acids, production performance, requirements, broilers

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The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

AB-1

Current gene-editing systems and their application inlivestock and beyond
Tae Sub Park
Graduate School of International Agriculture Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
taesubpark@snu.ac.kr

Genetic modification tools can design the researchers to modify the targeted genes or genome in livestock as well
as experimental animals. These technologies advanved our knowledge in bioscience and improved the productivity
in agriculture areas. In our lab, to introduce the foreign transgene, we utilized piggyBac transposon element/
transposase system and efficiently produced tranasgenic animals as well as specific target protein-expressing animalcells. Currently, based on the state-of-art genetic technology of CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced
Short Palindromic Repeat -CRISPR associated protein 9), we also generated the genome-edited chickens; G0S2 (G0/G1 Switch Gene 2) and myostatin knockout chickens which are significantly realted to lipid deposition and muscle
growth, respectively. Subsequently, we have further plans to investigate regulatory pathways and mechanisms for
improving economic traits such as fat reduction and growth performance by using the knockout chickens. In the
future, the gene-edited animals could be applicable to livestock industry.
Keywords: chicken, CRISPR-Cas9, gene-editing, transgenesis, economic trait				

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

AB-2

Development and application of gene editing in pig
production: reproducyive technology in the pathway
from laboratory to farm
Ching-Fu Tu
Division of Animal Technology, Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
cftur@mail.atri.org.tw

The gene-editing (GE) implies the new breeding technique (NBT). Three GE sites and 5 feasible pathways togenerate GE pigs, and the crucial intervals including GE / genotyping, microinjection / electroporation, induced
pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), cryopreservation, and non-surgically embryotransfer (NSET) will be briefly discussed. The extension of NBT in pig production is of sustainability and depends
on the synergistic effect of GE and biotechnologies; the success relies not only on the scientific due diligence but
also on operational quality to assure practices on farm.
Keywords: cryopreservation, genome/gene-editing, induced pluripotent stem cells, non-surgically embryo transfer,pigs, somatic cell nuclear transfer1024

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

AB-3

Metagenomic investigation of microbiomes inanimal nuitrition
Minseok Kim
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
mkim2276@jnu.ac.kr

The gastrointestinal tract in animals contains diverse microbiomes that degrade feeds ingested by animals via
fermentation and produce various fermentation products. The fermentation products produced by microbiomes canaffect health, productivity and well-being of the host. Since metagenomics and next generation sequencing (NGS)
are applied to analyze culture-independent microbiomes in the field of animal nutrition, our knowledge of various
factors influencing gastrointestinal microbiomes have been greatly expanded. Many studies using metagenomics
and NGS indicated that diet is the greatest factor influencing gastrointestinal microbiomes in animals. Therefore,
animal nutritionists conducted integrated research using nutritional and metagenomic approaches to improve
fermentation efficiency and nutrient utilization by dietary changes. In ruminants, mitigation of rumen methanogens
through dietary interventions was evaluated using this integrated research. In recent studies, gastrointestinal
microbiomes were different in animals with differing feed efficiency under the same dietary condition while
rumen microbiomes was associated with marbling in cattle. These findings are of interest to reduce feeding costs
and increase marbling score in animal production. Metagenomics and NGS also were applied to investigate
microbiomes affected by heat stress in animals, and this study may help assess adaptability of animals anddevelop feeding strategies to restore microbiomes disrupted by heat stress. However, there are still some technicallimitations in metagenomics approaches. This review addresses recent studies using metagenomics in animal
nutrition, and limitation and challenges that remain.
Keywords: animals, gastrointestinal tract, metagenomics, microbiome, nutrition, NGS				Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

AB-4

MEATabolomics in postmortem aging of beef and pork
Susumu Muroya
Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (NARO), Japanmuros@affrc.go.jp

Farm animal skeletal muscle formed through development, growth, and maturation processes, is converted toedible meat during postmortem rigor mortis and aging. The genetic background as well as growth, feeding, andmaturation of animals have impact on postmortem aging process and the subsequent meat quality traits such asmeat flavor and color. The influences of these factors on meat quality traits can be assessed by metabolomics
approach, in which levels of the various muscle metabolites can be measured efficiently and comprehensively.
To date, muscle and meat metabolomics (MEATabolomics) has contributed to postmortem meat aging studies toaccount for influences of postmortem aging and the other intrinsic factors on meat quality in terms of metabolites.
Combined with genomics, transcriptomics, and/or proteomics, MEATabolomics have shown its great advantage
to better understand muscle metabolism and explore the biomarker for assessment of raw meat and processed
products. This presentation will focus on the metabolisms in postmortem aging of beef and pork, but also on the
differences in postmortem muscle metabolisms between cattle breeds and between skeletal muscle types.
Keywords: metabolism, metabolomics, postmortem aaging, skeletal muscle

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Asian-Australasian Association ofAnimal Production

Author Index

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal ProductionA

Ab Manap Muhamad Ali Hanapiah······················ YC3-1
Abanto Oliver······················································ OP7-2
Abdul Aliah Natasha······························· OP8-6, OP20-4
Abe Hayato························································· PP9-28
Abeyrathna Dissanayaka Mudiyanselage
Sakunika Tathsarani········································· PP3-53
Abhijith Archana·················································· OP2-4
Adegoke Elikanah Olusayo································ PP7-40, PP7-41, PP7-42, PP7-45
Adeola Olayiwola·················································· PS1-1
Adikari Adikari Arachchige Dilki Indrachapa···························································· OP4-6, OP16-3
Afrin Shrabana············ PP9-87, PP9-89, PP9-91, PP9-94
Ahamed Zubayed··············································· PP3-51
Ahas Arshath························································ PP3-1
Ahmad Mohd Hafizal··········································· OP6-4
Ahmad Mustaza Nur Sabrina································ YC3-1
Ahmadi Farhad······························ PP4-6, PP4-7, PP4-9
Ahmed Abul Khayrat Md···································· PP9-34
Ahn Byeongyong···································· PP9-48, PP9-49
Ahn Dong Uk························································ PS1-2
Ahn Heekwon············· PP1-80, PP6-43, PP6-51, PP6-65
Ahn Jin mu·························································· PP1-48
Ahn Jinmu······························· OP19-1, PP1-13, PP1-14, PP1-15,
PP1-16, PP1-17, PP1-18, PP1-49
Ahn Jisoon·························································· PP7-49
Ahn Jongyoung··················································· PP1-75
Ahn Jun Sang········································· PP2-19, PP2-41
Ahn Junsang··················· PP2-18, PP2-20, PP2-22, PP2-23, PP2-67
Ahn Sung-Il··························································· YC3-2
Ahn Yeong-Soon················································· PP6-11
AL Yahyaey Fahad················································ OP8-3
Alam Mahboob··················· PP9-19, PP9-20, PP9-23, PP9-24, PP9-25
Alam Shahbubul Muhammad················ PP3-43, PP3-57
Al-Marzooqi Waleed··········································· OP8-3
Al-Qaisi Othman·················································· OP8-3

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Al-Sabahi Jamal··················································· OP8-3
Alzahra Windi······ PP6-2, PP6-3, PP6-18, PP6-19, YC4-5
Amido Reynald··················································· PP2-69
Ampode KMB·············· OP9-3, OP22-2, PP5-17, PP6-47
An Byeongmin···················································· PP7-32
An Jae Woo························································· PP11-8
An Jaewoo··································· OP22-4, PP1-4, PP1-5
An Jeongmin······················································· PP7-25
An Na-Rae··························································· PP9-47
An Su Hyun································· PP1-85, PP1-86, YC2-2
Anand Kumar Sethukali······································ PP3-23
Andriani Ria························································ PP3-49
Angeles Amado···················· OP2-5, OP7-2, OP14-3, OP20-2, OP21-4
Angeles Emily············· PP1-28, PP1-41, PP4-17, PP6-17
Apolinario Jhon Paul················· OP4-5, OP16-1, PP7-27
Aquino Daniel······················································ OP8-5
Arcedo Landcel Clarence··································· OP21-4
Arifiantini Raden Iis············································· OP8-2
Arumsari Alvina·················································· PP3-63
Arunsangseesod Orawan······································ PP1-2
Astuti Dewi Apri····································· OP8-2, OP14-5
Ataallahi Mohammad···························· PP6-39, PP6-40
Atabany Afton···················································· PP6-18
Atabay Edwin················· OP4-5, OP16-1, PP7-27, YC4-2
Atabay Eufrocina··········· OP4-5, OP16-1, PP7-27, YC4-2

B

Baba Toshimi······················································ PP9-35
Baconguis Rowena·············································· OP2-5
Badmus Kazeem Ajasa·········································· PP9-1
Bae Bitnaree······························· PP9-83, PP9-84, PP9-86, PP9-87,
PP9-89, PP9-91, PP9-94
Bae Bitnaree···································································Bae Dongryeoul·················································· PP3-33
Bae Gui-Seck············································ PP2-7, PP2-56
Bae Haechang············ PP9-82, PP9-83, PP9-84, PP9-86,
PP9-87, PP9-89, PP9-91, PP9-94
Bae Hyung Ho····················································· PP2-74

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Bae Jeong-Won················· OP16-2, PP7-3, PP7-4, PP7-5
Bae Sangeun······················································ OP22-6
Bae Seong-Geun······················ PP5-13, PP9-36, PP9-44
Bae YongSeok····················································· PP4-11
Baek Jihye························································· PP11-34
Baek Juhwa························································· PP7-32
Baek Seung Hwan·············································· OP24-4
Baek SeungHee··················································· PP9-60
Baek Seung-hee·················································· PP3-40
Baek Youl Chang················································· PP2-35
Baek YoulChang·················································· PP2-29
Baek Yulchang···················································· PP2-38
Bahng GunWoong································ OP23-2, PP8-24
Bahtiar Jamaluddin············································· PP3-54
Baik Myunggi················ OP20-1, PP2-11, PS5-1, PP5-11
Bak Jeong Eun···················································· PP11-5
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian··············································· PP1-25, PP1-39, PP1-6
Balbin Michelle················································· PP10-15
Baltazar Cyril··········································· OP8-5, PP2-69
Ban BC································································ PP1-42
Ban Byeong Cheol················································· SC4-3
Bandara Niranga········································ PP3-1, PP3-2
Bang Chan mi····················································· PP9-88
Bang Han Tae······················································ PP2-35
Bang Hantae······················································· PP2-29
Bang Keumhwi···················································· PP2-70
Ban-Va Hoa························································· PP3-57
Baral Rudra························································· PP4-23
Barroga Antonio················································· PP4-14
Basak Jayanta Kumar······························· IS4-2, PP6-6, PP6-8, PP6-9, SC3-4
Basir Sabariah······················································· YC3-1
Batara Don Carol················································ PP8-10
Bautista Jose Arceo············································· OP2-5
Bazer Fuller················································· IS5-1, PS6-1
Beak Seung-Hee················································· PP6-11
Belen Gean Camille············································ PP4-17
Bharanidharan Rajaraman······· OP20-1, PP2-11, PP2-70
Bok Eun-Yeong······································· PP10-5, PP10-7
Bok EY······························································· PP10-14

Boonchu Purich···································· OP14-1, OP14-2
Boonrung Potiwan················································ PP1-2
Bostami ABMR···················································· PP5-18
Bradford Barry···················································· PP4-23
Brodie Graham·················································· OP20-5
Bugenyi Andrew Wange····································· PP8-37
Bui Ngoc Anh········································· PP10-5, PP10-6
Bui Vuong Nghia···································· PP10-5, PP10-6
Bungo Takeshi···················································· OP24-1
Buse Kassidy······················································· PP4-23
Bush Russell············································ OP8-3, OP24-2
Butt Masood Sadiq·············································· OP3-5
Byeon Ji Eun······················································· PP6-62
Byun Jun Suk·········································· PP2-65, PP2-66
Byun Junsuk························································ PP2-70
Byun Sung June····································· PP8-20, PP8-25
Byun Sunkyu······················································· PP9-85

C

Cakra I. Gusti Lanang Oka···································· OP2-6
Camisasso Diego·································· PP7-30, PP10-20
Camisasso Javier·································· PP7-30, PP10-20
Casas Manuel······································ PP7-30, PP10-20
Castillo Charity······································· OP8-5, PP2-69
Cayamanda Amiel Jerome··································· OP7-2
Cha Hyeon Ji···························· PP2-19, PP2-20, PP2-41
Cha Hyeonji····························· PP2-18, PP2-21, PP2-23
Cha Hyunji·························································· PP2-22
cha Jangock························································ PP11-3
Cha Jiehye··························································· PP9-63
Cha Jihye···················· OP12-2, OP12-4, PP9-45, PP9-81
Chae Byungho·········································· OP7-4, YC3-2
Chae Jeong-Byoung············································ PP11-1
Chae Jong-Pyo······································ OP21-5, PP1-43
Chae Jungwoo···················································· PP7-26
Chae Seung-hoon··············································· PP9-44
Chai Han-Ha················· PP9-47, PP9-51, PP9-57, PP9-81, PP11-18
Chaiyaso Thanongsak······························ PP1-20, SC1-2
Chalorsuntisakul Surawat······················· OP5-3, OP19-6

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Chang Chiao-Ting··············································· PP1-68
Chang Chi-Sheng···································· OP18-4, PP9-7
Chang eunhee···················································· PP4-37
Chang Gwon Dang·············································· PP9-24
Chang Hui-Rong·················································· PP8-15
Chang Hyuk Kee····································· PP9-16, PP9-19
Chang HyukKee·················································· PP9-20
Chang I-Heng··················· PP6-41, PP11-7, YC1-4, YC2-4
Chang Jongsoo···················································· PP2-56
Chang Kyung Hoon·············································· OP1-1
Chang Myeoung-Jin············································ PP9-47
Chang Se Yeon···················································· PP11-8
Chang Seung-Hwan············································ PP8-53
Chang Seyeon······························ OP22-4, PP1-4, PP1-5
Chang SS····························································· PP7-22
Chang Sunsik······················································ PP6-24
Chang Ti-Chun······················································ SC3-1
Chantiratikul Anut····································· PP1-1, PP1-2
Chantiratikul Piyanete·········································· PP1-1
Chathuranga JVNC····································· PP3-1, PP3-2
Chauhan Surinder··································· OP2-4, PP9-78
Chem V····································· OP9-3, OP22-2, PP6-47
Chen Chih-Ming·················································· PP3-63
Chen Ching-Yi····················································· OP18-3
Chen Ming-Ju······················ OP2-1, PS8-2, SC4-2, SC4-4
Chen Tsuimiao·················································· PP10-23
Chen Yi-Ting······················································· OP18-4
Cheng Fu-Yuan······················································ SC3-1
Cheng Long························································ OP20-5
Cheng Yi-Chi······························· OP1-2, OP7-5, OP13-2
Cheon Dong Won···················· PP4-29, PP4-30, PP4-32
Cheon Inhyeok····················································· OP7-4
Cheon Yugyeong······································ PP7-13, YC1-1
Cheong EunJu···················································· OP19-4
Cheong Hee-Tae················································· PP7-49
Chiang Hsin-I········································ OP14-1, OP14-2
Chiba Shiori························································ PP9-28
Chintu Titima························································ PP1-2
Chiu Chien-Chao················································· PP8-11
Cho Chungil··········································· PP9-25, PP9-85
Cho Chung-Il······················································· PP9-161030

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Cho EJ································································ OP12-6
Cho Eun jung······················································ PP9-12
Cho Eun Seok······················································ PP9-15
Cho Eunjin······························· OP12-2, PP9-45, PP9-63
Cho Eunjoung····················································· PP9-13
Cho Eunjung······························ PP9-9, PP9-10, PP9-11
Cho Eunseok······················································· PP7-17
Cho Eunsuek······················································· PP7-26
Cho Hyeonjung··················································· PP4-36
Cho Hye-Sun····················································· PP11-15
Cho Hyunah································· OP22-4, PP1-4, PP1-5
Cho Hyunchong·················································· PP7-26
Cho Hyunjin······· OP14-4, PP2-36, PP2-37, PP2-38, PP6-24, SC2-1
Cho Hyunwoo····················································· PP1-58
Cho Hyun-Woo························ PP1-7, PP1-59, PP11-31
Cho In Gu···························································· PP5-11
Cho In Ho···································· PP1-85, PP1-86, YC2-2
Cho Incheol············································ PP6-12, PP6-68
Cho In-Cheol································ PP9-5, PP9-8, PP9-14
Cho Jae Hyoung······················· PP3-34, PP3-35, PP11-8
Cho Jae-Jin·························································· PP6-11
Cho Jaiesoon······················································ PP7-25
Cho Jin Ho··························································· PP11-8
Cho Jinho····································· OP22-4, PP1-4, PP1-5
Cho Juhyun························································· PP9-74
Cho Ki-Hyun························································ PP10-7
Cho Kwang Keun················································· PP9-37
Cho Kwanghyun···················································· PP9-6
Cho Na-eun························································· PP8-54
Cho Sangbuem······································· OP7-4, PP2-55
Cho Sangrae···························· PP2-16, PP7-22, PP9-54
Cho Sang-Rae········································ PP7-15, PP10-8
Cho SeJi······························································ PP9-60
Cho Seongku······················································· PP3-31
Cho Soo-Hyun········································ PP3-43, PP3-57
Cho SR································································ PP9-38
Cho Wanhyun···················································· OP24-5
Cho Woong-Ki····················································· PP3-27
Cho Yong Il························································ PP10-16
Cho Yong Joon··················································· OP24-4

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Cho Yong-Il··························································· OP9-6
Cho Young Jun······································· PP10-2, PP10-3
Cho Youngrok······················································ OP7-4
Choe hosung······················································· PP8-17
Choe Su-Jin········································ PP11-12, PP11-16
Choi Bong-Hwan······································ PP7-8, PP9-18
Choi Boram························································· PP4-26
Choi Byeong Seok··············································· PP8-12
Choi Gahee·························································· OP5-4
Choi Hee Jung···················································· OP11-4
Choi Hye Jin······ OP3-3, OP5-5, OP15-2, OP17-2, OP17-4, PP3-44,
PP11-21, PP11-23, PP11-24, PP11-25, PP11-26
Choi Hyekin······························· OP22-5, PP5-6, PP5-20
Choi Hyngji························································· PP9-47
Choi Hyun Woo··················································· PP8-46
Choi Hyunji························································· PP9-57
Choi Hyunseok···················································· PP7-32
Choi Inho···························································· PP8-14
Choi Jae Seong···························· PP4-1, PP4-2, PP4-3, PP4-4, PP4-5,
PP4-27, PP4-28, SC3-2, YC4-1
Choi Jaeyoung······································· PP6-12, PP6-68
Choi JeeHwan····················································· PP1-32
choi Jeongseok··················································· PP3-29
Choi Jeongshin···················································· PP3-46
Choi Jeongsuk····················································· PP3-30
Choi Ji Myung····················································· PP7-32
Choi Jihwan······················································ PP11-32
Choi Jungseok········································ PP3-31, PP3-32
Choi Ki Choon······························· PP4-19, PP4-20, PP4-21, PP4-29,
PP4-30, PP4-31, PP4-32
Choi Kichoon········································· PP4-12, PP4-16
Choi Kyoung-Seong············································· PP11-1
Choi Mingyung······································ PP1-88, PP6-60
Choi MoonJu······················································ PP4-10
Choi Munjeong················································· PP11-15
Choi Nag-Jin·············································· OP7-4, YC3-2
Choi Nayoung········································ PP3-30, PP3-31
Choi Sang-Gyu···················································· PP11-2

Choi Seojin················································ OP5-1, SC4-5
Choi Seongho········································ PP6-53, PP6-54
Choi Sung Min···················································· PP6-55
Choi Tae Jeong···················································· PP9-16
Choi TJ································································ PP9-79
Choi Yeongjun····················································· PP8-30
Choi YH·················································· PP1-51, PP1-52
Choi Yo Han························································ PP1-12
Choi Yohan················ OP10-4, PP1-19, PP1-31, PP7-26, PP10-10
Choi Yongjun···························· PP1-89, PP2-50, PP6-58
Choi Yong-Soon················································· OP17-5
Choi You Bin······ OP3-3, OP5-5, OP15-2, OP17-2, OP17-4, PP3-44,
PP11-21, PP11-23, PP11-24, PP11-25, PP11-26
Choi Young Min··················································· OP3-6
Choi Young Sun··········· PP2-27, PP3-16, PP3-38, PP6-14
Choi Youngsun···················································· PP6-21
Choi Young-Woo··················································· PP6-8
Choi Youyoung······································· PP2-75, PP2-76
Choi Yun-Sang············································ PP3-4, PP3-8
Choo Hyojun···························· PP1-83, PP7-46, PP9-33
Choo Kwangjae··················································· PP6-52
Choo KyoMun····················································· PP1-32
Chow Amanda········································ OP8-6, OP20-4
Chowdhury Vishwajit········································ OP24-1
Christensen Dennis··········································· PP10-17
Chu Gyo Moon························· PP2-41, PP2-44, PP2-58
Chu Gyomoon············· PP2-51, PP2-54, PP2-59, PP2-67
Chuang Pi-Hua··················································· OP18-4
Chuang Shih-Te···················································· OP2-1
Chun Hye Sook··················································· PP2-56
Chun Ju································································· PP1-7
Chun Ju Lan····························· PP4-22, PP5-9, PP11-31
Chun Julan············································· PP1-58, PP1-59
Chun Si Nae·························································· PP5-9
Chung Hack-Jae·················································· PP1-12
Chung Hakjae······································ PP1-19, PP10-10
Chung HJ················································ PP1-51, PP1-52
Chung IB······················ OP9-3, OP22-2, PP5-17, PP6-47
Chung Ki Hwa····················································· PP9-37

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1031

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Chung Ki Yong········································ PP9-42, PP9-50
Chung Kiyong·············· PP2-61, PP8-42, PP2-60, PP8-39
Chung Seyeon············· PP6-29, PP6-30, PP6-31, PP6-32
Chung Yoonji········ PP3-5, PP9-40, PP9-41, PP9-42, PP9-50, PP9-55
Chutthong Bajaree············································· PP1-36
Clarke Iain··························································· PP9-78
Cuatrin Alejandra································ PP7-30, PP10-20
Cui Xiang Shun···················································· PP7-21
Cui Xiang-Shun······················ OP4-4, OP10-2, PP7-18, PP7-19, YC1-2
Cullen Brendan·················································· OP20-5
Cyrilla Lucia························································ PP6-19

D

Dairoh Dairoh····················································· PP9-66
Dajeong Lim························································ PP10-5
Dalgaard Tina S················································· PP10-17
Dang Chang Gwon······ PP9-16, PP9-17, PP9-19, PP9-23
Dang Changgwon···················· PP9-20, PP9-21, PP9-92
Dao Duy Tung········································ PP10-5, PP10-6
Datt Chander························································ SC1-4
De Guia Mary Rose············································· PP2-69
De Gula-Barrion Roxanne······················· OP19-5, SC1-1
de la Cruz Carlito················································· OP4-5
Deb Nibas Chandra·································· PP3-19, SC3-4
Dehghani Mahla························· PP6-39, PP6-40, SC3-3
Del Barrio Arnel························ OP8-5, OP24-6, PP2-69
Del Rosario Neal················································ OP20-2
Dela Cruz Carlito··································· OP16-1, PP7-27
dela Cruz Daryl················································· PP10-15
Dela Cruz Joseph···· OP11-2, OP11-5, OP23-2, PP8-24, PP8-32, PP8-40
Dela Cruz Joseph F······················ OP1-5, OP2-3, PP1-87
Della Zassa Sergio·············································· OP21-2
Denman SE··························································· PS3-1
Dewi Apri Astuti················································· PP2-40
Diep Tran Hoang·················································· OP4-2
DiGiacomo Kristy···································· OP2-4, PP9-78

1032

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Dilawar MA································ OP9-3, OP13-6, OP22-2, PP5-17,
PP5-18, PP6-47, PP6-49
Dinh Ngoc Phuong Thanh······················ PP9-41, PP9-50
Dissanayake Wijesooriya
Mudhiyanselage Nadeema···························· OP16-3
Do Duc Luc······························· PP9-3, PP9-27, PP10-13
Do Hyemi···························································· PP9-70
Do Jeong Tae··········································· IS6-2, OP11-3
Do Kyung-Hyo···································· PP11-12, PP11-16
Do Thi Phuong······················································ PP9-3
Doan Hien Van······································ OP10-1, PP7-23
Dominguez Jorge Michael···································· YC4-4
Donggyun Yim···················································· PP3-23
Doo Hyunok····························· PP3-34, PP3-35, PP11-8
D'Souza Darryl··················································· OP13-1
Duarte Marcos··················································· OP19-2
Duarte Marcos Elias·································· OP7-5, PS5-2
Dunshea Frank·························· OP2-4, OP13-1, PP9-78

E

Eckhardt Erik······················································ OP21-2
Edirisinghe Dewage Nalaka
Sandun Abeyrathne········································· PP3-16
Ediriweera TK········································ OP12-6, PP3-53
Eiempo Wannida·················································· PP1-2
Elhussiny Mohamed·········································· OP24-1
Elnar Arxel························································· OP17-6
Endaya Jo-Christine············································· OP1-3
Eom Jeong-Uk············· PP3-50, PP3-51, PP3-58, PP3-59
Eom Jun Sik···························· PP2-75, PP2-76, PP10-19
Escala Emely······················································· PP4-14

F

Fadhlillah Dzimar Rihan······································ PP3-25
Fajardo Norma····················································· OP7-2
Fakhrurozi Muhammad········································ PP6-3
Farnir Frederic······································· PP9-3, PP10-13
Fassah Dilla M····················································· PP2-39

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Fathoni Akhmad···································· PP9-90, PP9-99
Fernando KMSS········································PP3-1, PP3-53
Ferrer Anthony···················································· OP4-5
Fitriana Eko Lela················································ OP14-5
Flores Ester·························································· OP6-5
Fukasawa Michiru················································· PP5-7
Fukuda Yasuhiro················································· PP4-25

G

Ga Gun-Whi······················································ PP10-25
Galarosa Vicky···················································· PP1-28
Gamboa Marielle················································ PP3-61
Gao Shanshui······················································ PP1-39
Gautane Joram················································· PP10-15
Genova Samantha·············································· PP1-41
Ghassemi Nejad J··············································· PP2-31
Ghassemi Nejad Jalil···················· OP8-1, PP2-43, PP2-46, PP2-62, PP6-42
Gim Minjin·························································· PP1-50
Go Youngbin································ OP22-4, PP1-4, PP1-5
Godagama Gamaarachchige
Dinesh Suminda············································ PP11-33
Goh Yong Meng···················································· PP9-1
Gondro Cedric········································ OP6-3, PP9-76
Gosu Vijayakumar··············································· PP9-73
Goto Tatsuhiko······································ PP9-32, PP9-34
Gotoh Yuriko······················································· PP4-25
Gu Hyo Jin···························································· OP4-1
Gunawan Asep····································· OP12-5, PP9-71
Gustia Efani························································· PP9-71
Gyawali Chet Narayan········································ PP1-94

H

Ha DuckMin··········································· PP5-12, PP6-15
Ha In Su······························································ PP8-28
Ha Insu······························································· OP11-6
Ha IS··································································· PP8-27
Ha Jae Jung········ PP7-1, PP9-83, PP9-84, PP9-86, PP9-87, PP9-89

Ha Jaejung··································· PP1-55, PP6-4, PP7-7
Ha Sang Hun·················· OP10-4, OP19-4, PP1-32, PP1-33, PP1-35
Ha Sanghun····························· PP1-30, PP1-31, PP1-34
Ha Seungmin······················································ PP2-25
Ha Sewon······························· PP1-13, PP1-14, PP1-15, PP1-16,
PP1-17, PP1-18, PP1-48, PP1-49
Ha Tahwan············································· PP6-26, PP6-27
Ha Xuan Bo············································ PP9-3, PP10-13
Hagiya Koichi········································· PP9-32, PP9-35
Hagiya Kouichi···················································· PP9-28
Halder Joshua····················································· PP6-59
Halder Joshua Nizel···· PP6-13, PP6-25, PP6-28, PP6-34
Ham Jinjoo·························································· PP7-46
Ham Jinju···························································· PP9-33
Han Byeong-Hak··············································· PP11-11
Han Chaewon········································ PP3-30, PP3-31
Han Deug Woo··················································· PP6-56
Han Deugwoo····················································· PP6-46
Han Dungwoo····················································· PP6-13
Han Eileen·············································· OP13-3, YC2-2
Han Gil Un·························································· PP7-43
Han Hyungchul···················································· IS11-1
Han Jae Ho·························································· PP8-46
Han Jae Yong········································· PP9-46, PP9-65
Han Jae Yonog··················································· OP11-4
Han Jeongcheol····································· PP5-12, PP6-15
Han JH······································· PP5-8, PP7-12, PP10-9
Han Ji Yeon························································· PP2-12
Han Jung Hee········································· PP10-2, PP10-3
Han Kun Jun··························································· IS9-2
Han Man Hye······················································ PP6-16
Han Manhye···························· PP2-25, PP7-11, PP7-14
Han Man-Hye····················································· PP8-13
Han Sang-Hyun························ PP5-13, PP9-36, PP9-44
Han Seungeun······································ OP19-1, PP1-69
Han Seung-Eun·················································· OP21-5
Han SJ········································ PP5-8, PP7-12, PP10-9
Han Subin·························································· OP17-6
Han Taehee··························································· PS4-1

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1033

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Han Yoon Jae··························· PP9-29, PP9-30, PP9-31
Haque Md Azizul······························· PP9-83, PP9-84, PP9-86, PP9-87,
PP9-89, PP9-91, PP9-94
Hariyono Dwi Nur Happy···································· PP9-90
Haron Abd Wahid················································· PP9-2
Hartini Sri··························································· OP19-3
Hassan Basri Basripuzi Nurul Hayyan··················· YC3-1
Hassan Hasimah··················································· YC3-1
Hemly Nur Izzah················································· PP1-81
Heo Geun··························································· PP7-21
Heo Jae-Young························· PP8-37, PP8-38, PP8-41
Heo JM······································ PP1-21, PP1-22, PP3-1
Heo Jubi························· OP18-5, OP18-6, PP9-4, YC1-3
Heo Jun····························································· PP11-11
Heo Jung Min······ IS7-2, OP7-3, PP1-27, PP5-10, PP7-10
Heo Kang Nyeong··············································· PP9-39
Heo Kangnyeong··································· PP9-52, PP9-53
Heo Seonyeong···································· OP12-4, PP9-63
Heo Yunji······························· PP8-34, PP8-43, PP11-33
Herring William················································· OP18-3
Hewitt Robert···················································· OP13-1
Hickey John························································ OP18-3
Hizon-Fradejas Amelia······································· OP21-4
Ho Sheng Wei······················································ OP9-1
Hoa Van-Ba············································ PP3-37, PP3-43
Hong Euichul······················································ PP1-83
Hong Eui-Chul·········· PP1-29, PP1-47, PP5-1, PP5-2, PP5-5, PP10-11
Hong Euiin·························································· PP9-93
Hong Eunju············································ PP3-34, PP3-35
Hong Hsin-Tai······································· OP22-1, PP8-11
Hong Ji-Yeon······················································· PP8-52
Hong Joon Ki······················································· PP9-15
Hong JS·················································· PP1-21, PP1-22
Hong Jun Seon········································ OP7-3, PP1-27
Hong Seongjun··················································· PP9-67
Hong Seong-Keun··············································· PP10-7
Hong Seung-Beom············································ PP11-11
Hong Sung Ha············· PP6-63, PP6-64, PP6-66, PP6-67
Hong Sungjun········································ PP8-33, PP9-68

1034

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Hong Tae Kyung················································· OP11-3
Hong Woo Hyeong································ PP2-65, PP2-66
Hong Woohyeong··············································· PP2-70
Hong Yeojin··················· OP18-5, OP18-6, PP9-4, YC1-3
Hong Yeong Ho···························· OP18-5, PP9-4, YC1-3
Hong Yeongho··················································· OP18-6
Hoque Md Raihanul············································ PP1-24
Hossain Md Mortuza··········································· OP1-4
Hosseindous Abdolreza···································· PP10-10
Hosseindoust Abdolreza······························· OP19-4, PP1-12, PP1-30, PP1-32,
PP1-33, PP1-34, PP1-35
Hsia Liang Chou··················· PP1-90, PP1-92, PP1-93, PP1-94, PP2-72
Hsiao Chen························································· PP8-15
Hsiao Ya-Wen······················································· PP9-7
Hsieh Jui-Chun·········································· OP2-1, SC4-4
Hsin Pei-Jung····················································· OP18-4
Hsu Tsung-Hsien················································· PP8-11
Hsuuw Yan Der························ PP1-90, PP1-92, PP1-93
Huang Chu-han···················································· OP2-2
Huang Hong Zhen················································ OP9-1
Huang Hsiao-Wen················································· SC4-2
Huang Yu-Qian···················································· PP1-68
Hudaya Mohammad Firdaus································ PP7-2
Hung Alex·························································· OP13-1
Hung Hsi Wen····················································· PP5-15
Hur Chang-Gi······················································ PP8-43
Hur Hyeonjin······················································ PP3-12
Hur Sun Jin······················ OP23-5, PP8-4, PP8-45, SC2-4
Hur Tai-Young············· PP10-5, PP10-6, PP10-7, PP11-5
Hur TY······························································· PP10-14
Hussan Jagir············································ OP8-6, OP20-4
Huynh Thi My Le··············································· PP10-13
Hwang Heedong······················ PP8-33, PP9-67, PP9-68
Hwang In-Chan····················································· YC3-3
Hwang Inho··········································· PP3-64, PP9-58
Hwang In-Ho·········································· PP3-41, PP3-43
Hwang Jeongho·················································· PP8-19
Hwang Jeongung·················································· PP8-8
Hwang Ju-Mi····················· OP16-2, PP7-3, PP7-4, PP7-5

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Hwang Okhwa······························· PP6-13, PP6-25, PP6-28, PP6-34,
PP6-46, PP6-56, PP6-59
Hwang Seong Gu··················· OP1-5, OP2-3, OP11-2, OP11-5, OP23-2,
PP1-87, PP8-24, PP8-32, PP8-40
Hwang Seong Soo··············································· PP6-16
Hwang Seong-Gu················································ PP6-33
Hwang Seongsoo····················· PP7-11, PP7-14, PP8-13
Hwang Soo-Min·················································· PP7-40
Hwang Su-Jin······················································ PP6-11
Hwang Sun Goo····································· PP6-62, PP6-64
Hwang Sungeun·················································· PP8-33
Hwang Ye Chan··················································· PP8-14
Hwang Yeongmin················· PP1-53, PP11-27, PP11-28
Hwang YulLy······················································· PP9-60

I

Ibidhi Ridha··········································· PP2-65, PP2-66
Ibraheem Muhammad······································· PP4-23
Ikhsan Mohammad·············································· YC4-5
Im Eunjung························································· PP6-54
Im Gi Sun···························································· PP9-16
Im Seyun··············································· OP20-1, PP2-11
Ingale Laxman Santosh······································· PP1-30
Ingale Santosh Laxman······································· PP1-35
Inoue Naoko·························································· IS5-2
Inriani Noveling················································· OP19-3
Intanon Montira················ PP10-21, PP10-22, PP11-30
Intawicha Payungsuk·········································· PP7-23
Inyawilert Wilasinee··········································· PP7-23
Iqbal Asif····················· PP9-87, PP9-89, PP9-91, PP9-94
Ishak Andi Baso Lompengen······························ PP9-66
Ishida Satoka······················································ PP9-35
Islam Mohammed Sirajul····································· PP9-2
Ismail Ananda Daffa············································· PP6-2
Ismail Azfar············································ PP3-10, PP3-24
Isobe Naoki············································· OP21-3, SC2-2

J

Jaisue Jirapat························································ SC2-2
Jakaria Jakaria····················································· PP9-66
Jang Aera··············································· PP1-99, PP3-17
Jang Donghwa··················· PP6-26, PP6-27, PP6-29, PP6-30, PP6-31
Jang Dong-hwa··················································· PP6-32
Jang Eunhee······················································· PP4-36
Jang Gisuk·············································· PP2-16, PP2-48
Jang Goo······························································· PP7-7
Jang Hae Dong······································· PP2-44, PP2-58
Jang Hyun-Joon················································ PP11-10
Jang Hyun-Jun····················· PP4-22, PP11-14, PP11-19
Jang Insurk·························································· PP8-55
Jang In-Surk························································ PP3-27
Jang Jae-Cheol······································· PP1-38, PP9-37
Jang Jongsoo···················································· PP10-26
Jang Min-Jae························································ OP3-1
Jang Myoungjin··································· PP9-51, PP11-18
Jang Seung-Ik···················· OP16-2, PP7-3, PP7-4, PP7-5
jang SeungHo······················································· PP9-6
Jang Seyeong··········································· PP2-47, YC4-3
Jang Si Won························································ PP8-46
Jang SS································································ PP9-38
Jang Sungbong··················································· OP18-3
Jang Sunsik······ PP2-3, PP2-16, PP2-48, PP2-67, PP9-54
Jang Sun-Sik························································ PP9-47
Jang Yoontack···················································· OP19-1
Jantarat Sitthisak·················································· PP2-5
Jantasin Wantamas····· PP1-90, PP1-92, PP1-93, PP1-94
Javed Maryam······················································ PP8-2
Jayanegara Anuraga······························ OP14-5, PP2-39
Jayasena Dinesh········································ PP3-1, PP3-2
Jayasena Dinesh Darshaka·································· PP3-53
Jeon Dayeon··········· PP1-12, PP1-19, PP10-10, PP11-20
Jeon DY·················································· PP1-51, PP1-52
Jeon Eunjeong······················· PP7-11, PP7-14, PP11-13
Jeon Eun-Jeong······································ PP2-17, PP8-13
Jeon Hyelim······ OP22-3, OP22-5, PP5-4, PP5-6, PP5-20
Jeon Hyoim························································· PP9-49

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1035

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Jeon Iksoo·············································· PP7-46, PP9-33
Jeon Jeong Hun·················································· PP7-43
Jeon Jin-Joo······· PP1-29, PP5-1, PP5-2, PP5-5, PP10-11
Jeon Jung Hwan···················································· PP5-9
Jeon Junghwan······································ PP1-58, PP1-59
Jeon Jung-Hwan······································ PP1-7, PP3-55
Jeon Kyeongho······································· OP22-4, PP1-5
Jeon Mugung······················································· OP7-4
Jeon Sang Woo··················································· PP1-88
Jeon Sang-Woo················································· PP10-25
Jeon SeMin························································· PP1-33
Jeon Seoyoung····················· OP14-4, PP2-36, PP2-37, PP2-38, SC2-1
Jeon Sora···························································· PP6-32
Jeong Dawoon···················································· PP3-64
Jeong Eungyeong················································· OP7-4
Jeong Gi Hoon···················································· PP9-29
Jeong Hyo-Jin······················································ PP3-17
Jeong Hyun Gyung························· PP3-4, PP3-5, PP3-8
Jeong Jae Won····························· OP23-5, PP8-4, SC2-4
Jeong JH······························································ PP7-12
Jeong Ji Young····················································· PP6-14
Jeong Jin Woo····················································· PP5-11
Jeong Jin Young·········· PP1-64, PP1-65, PP1-76, PP8-18
Jeong jiyoung······················································ PP6-21
Jeong Jun Yang··················································· PP2-56
jeong kang jin····················································· PP3-62
Jeong Kwang-Hwa·············································· PP6-44
Jeong Moon-Ju··················································· PP9-37
Jeong Seon Nam················································· PP3-38
Jeong Seung Min··································· PP2-24, PP4-18
Jeong Sinyong····················· OP14-4, PP2-36, PP2-37, PP2-38, SC2-1
Jeong So Hee························································ PP5-9
Jeong Sohee············································ PP1-7, PP1-59
Jeong Sung Jung················································· PP4-20
Jeong Wangyong··································· PP2-50, PP2-62
Jeong Yong Dae·················································· PP1-52
Jeong Yongdae·········· PP1-12, PP1-19, PP1-51, PP10-10
Jeong-Sung Jung················································· PP4-21
Jesse Faez Firdaus················································· PP9-2

1036

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Jhoo JinWoo······················································· PP1-33
Ji Eun-Sook································· PP6-35, PP6-36, SC3-3
Ji Heechung··········································· PP6-12, PP6-68
Ji Hee-Chung······················································· PP2-74
Jiang Wen-Jie····················································· OP10-2
Jimenez Guillermo·············································· PP1-23
Jin Daehyeok····· OP12-2, OP12-4, PP9-45, PP9-52, PP9-59, PP9-81
Jin Dae-Hyeok····················································· PP9-39
Jin Daehyuk··········································· PP9-53, PP9-63
Jin Dongil················································· PP7-24, SC2-3
Jin HJ······················································ PP1-51, PP1-52
Jin HyoungWook················································· PP7-31
Jin Hyoung-Wook··············································· PP7-34
Jin Hyun Ju·························································· PP1-12
Jin Hyunju············································ PP1-19, PP10-10
Jin S························································ PP7-22, PP9-38
Jin Shil······ PP2-16, PP6-24, PP9-54, PP9-83, PP9-84, PP9-86
Jin Xinghao················· PP1-50, PP1-54, PP1-56, PP1-61
Jin Xuecheng··············· OP11-1, PP2-43, PP2-62, PP8-44
Jitjumnong Jakree································· OP10-1, OP16-5
Jo Cheorun······ OP15-5, PP3-9, PP3-10, PP3-11, PP3-12, PP3-14,
PP3-15, PP3-16, PP3-18, PP3-23, PP3-24
Jo Eun Gyeo························································ PP6-55
Jo Haeun··························································· PP11-29
Jo Hyun Wook········································ PP4-27, PP4-28
Jo Hyunwoong······················································ PP5-3
Jo Jae-Hwan······················ OP16-2, PP7-3, PP7-4, PP7-5
Jo Jang Hoon··········································· OP8-1, PP6-42
Jo Janghee···························································· PP5-3
Jo Janghoon························································ PP2-43
Jo Jeongha·························································· PP7-49
Jo Juhyeon·························································· PP9-92
Jo Kyung········································· PP3-4, PP3-5, PP3-8
Jo Mu Hwan·············· PP4-1, PP4-3, PP4-5, PP4-27, PP4-28, SC3-2
Jo Na Yeon············································· PP6-62, PP6-64
Jo Seung Uk··········································· PP2-75, PP2-76
Jo Yeonsu···························································· PP8-29

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Jo Yong Ho·························································· PP2-46
Jo Yong Jin············································· PP8-20, PP8-25
Jo YongHo·············································· PP2-31, PP7-31
Jo Yong-Ho·························································· PP7-34
Jo Yumi······························································· PP9-95
Johnson Gregory········································ IS5-1, PS6-1
Joo Bo Sun·························································· PP7-32
Joo Sang Seok········································ PP10-18, SC4-3
Joo SS·································································· PP1-42
Joo Sung Yong··················································· PP10-18
Joo Young Ho········································· PP2-24, PP4-18
Joy Aleena·························································· PP9-78
Ju MunSu···························································· PP2-31
Ju Yu-Ten····························································· PP8-15
Jun Hyungmin····················································· PP1-46
Jun YaeJung························································ PP9-60
Jun Yae-jung······················································· PP3-40
Jung Chuleui······················································· PP1-36
Jung Da Jin Sol············ PP2-17, PP2-25, PP6-16, PP7-14
Jung Dae-Ho······················································· PP9-44
Jung Daejin·································· PP1-55, PP6-4, PP7-7
Jung Dajinsol···················································· PP11-13
Jung Doo Yeon··························· OP15-5, PP3-9, PP3-15
Jung Eun-Ju······················· OP16-2, PP7-3, PP7-4, PP7-5
Jung Heejun·························································· PP8-1
Jung Heewon······················································ PP8-29
Jung HJ································································ PP1-42
Jung Hyun Jung····················································· SC4-3
Jung Hyun Young··································· PP3-12, PP3-18
Jung Hyunjung··················· PP1-64, PP1-65, PP1-76, PP8-18, PP11-5
Jung Jeong Sung··················· PP4-19, PP4-29, PP4-30, PP4-31, PP4-32
Jung Jeongsung····································· PP4-24, PP4-38
Jung Ji Won················· PP6-63, PP6-64, PP6-66, PP6-67
Jung Ji Young······················································ PP1-85
Jung jong-min····················································· PP6-44
Jung Min Woong················································· PP6-56
Jung Min-Ji·························································· PP7-41
Jung Minwoong····································· PP6-13, PP6-46
Jung Min-Woong····················· PP6-25, PP6-28, PP6-34

Jung Mooyoung·················································· PP2-25
Jung Samooel······ PP3-4, PP3-5, PP3-8, PP3-34, PP3-35
Jung Sang-Eun····················································· OP4-1
Jung Seul A························································· PP9-81
Jung Seul-A························································· PP9-47
Jung Suk Han························································ PP3-6
Jung Sun Keun······································· PP8-20, PP8-25
Jung Sungju·························································· PP2-2
Jung Sungyoung··································· PP1-53, PP11-28
Jung Su-Yeon························································· PP2-7
Jung SW···························································· PP10-14
Jung YH·································· PP9-79, PP9-80, PP10-14
Jung Young Hun················································ PP10-12
Jung Young-Hun····································· PP10-5, PP10-7
Jung Youngwook··················································· PP7-9
Jung Yousung········································· PP3-17, PP3-47
Jung Yu-Jeong····················································· PP9-37

K

Ka Hakhyun·············································· PP7-13, YC1-1
Kakihara Hidetoshi··································· PP4-25, PP5-7
Kamalludin Mamat Hamidi·································· OP6-4
Kammongkun Jennarong···································· PP3-36
Kang An Na······ OP3-3, OP5-5, OP15-2, OP17-2, OP17-4, PP3-44,
PP11-21, PP11-23, PP11-24, PP11-25, PP11-26
Kang Boseok······················································· PP1-29
Kang Bo-Seok························································ PP5-5
Kang Bo-Suk······················································ PP10-11
Kang Dae Yeong·················································· PP3-19
Kang Dae-Kyung···························· PS8-1, PP11-6, YC3-3
Kang Daewon······················································ PP6-54
Kang Darae············································ PP8-17, PP11-3
Kang Donghun············ PP2-60, PP2-61, PP8-39, PP8-42
Kang Hamin·················· OP14-4, PP2-36, PP2-37, SC2-1
Kang Ho Chan····················································· PP9-61
Kang Hochan······················································ PP9-62
Kang Hwan Ku······················································· PP5-5
Kang Hwanku········································· PP1-29, PP1-46
Kang Hwan-Ku·············· PP1-47, PP5-1, PP5-2, PP10-11

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1037

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Kang Hyejin························································· PP5-19
Kang Hye-Jin······················································ OP22-6
Kang Jimin······························· PP9-40, PP9-41, PP9-55
Kang Joowon········· OP22-5, PP1-14, PP1-16, PP5-4, PP5-6, PP5-20
Kang KS······························································· PP8-27
Kang Kyewon····················· OP14-4, PP2-36, PP2-37, PP2-38, SC2-1
Kang Kye-Won···················································· PP2-57
Kang Kyungwon························ OP22-5, PP5-3, PP5-4, PP5-6, PP5-20
Kang Manjong···················································· PP8-16
Kang Min Geun·················································· OP17-4
Kang Mingeun···················· OP3-3, OP5-5, OP15-2, OP17-2, PP3-44,
PP11-21, PP11-23, PP11-24, PP11-25, PP11-26
Kang Mingue········································· PP9-48, PP9-49
Kang Sangkee············································ PP2-9, PP8-8
Kang Se Won······················································· PP11-5
Kang Seog Jin······················································ PP6-16
Kang Sooram····················································· OP24-5
kang SS·················································· PP7-22, PP9-38
Kang Su-jin·························································· PP3-40
Kang Sun Moon·············· PP3-6, PP3-7, PP3-34, PP3-35
Kang Sun Woo···················································· PP1-71
Kang Sungsik·········································· PP2-16, PP9-54
Kang Sung-Sik········································ PP7-15, PP10-8
Kang Sun-Moon······················· PP3-37, PP3-43, PP3-57
Kang Suyeon································ OP18-6, PP9-4, YC1-3
Kang Tae Hong···················································· PP8-22
Kang Yongjun········································· PP6-12, PP6-68
Kang Yong-Jun····························· PP9-5, PP9-8, PP9-14
Kasornpikul Charunee···························· OP5-3, OP19-6
Kato Daiki····························································· SC1-3
Kaushalya Madhavi Bolappa Gamage················ PP3-19
Kawamura Nonoka············································· PP9-32
Keawkot Chonlathee········································· OP15-4
Keum Gi Beom························· PP3-34, PP3-35, PP11-8
Keum MC···························································· PP1-42
Keum Sang Hoon················································ PP2-46
Khan Muhammad Issa···························· OP3-5, OP15-3

1038

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Khan Muneeb···················································· OP15-3
Khanh Van Nguyen············································· PP8-50
Khempaka Sutisa················································· OP1-6
Khotijah Lilis············································· OP2-6, OP8-2
Khotsakdee Jiravan············································· PP2-45
Khounsy Syseng················································· OP24-2
Ki Kwangseok···················································· PP11-13
Ki Kwang-Seok······ PP2-17, PP2-25, PP2-52, PP2-53, PP6-16, PP7-14
Kil Dong Yong··································· OP13-3, PP1-8, PP1-9, PP1-10,
PP1-11, PP1-82, PP8-45
Kim Beob Gyun··················· OP7-6, PP1-70, PP1-72, PP1-73, PP1-74,
PP1-75, PP1-77, PP1-78, PP1-79, PP6-48
Kim Bo Gyeong··················································· PP9-12
Kim Bogyeong··············· PP9-9, PP9-10, PP9-11, PP9-13
Kim Bomi································· OP11-1, PP2-43, PP8-44
Kim Bong-Ki············································ OP6-3, PP9-76
Kim Bosung························································· PP8-29
Kim BS································································ PP9-80
Kim Bu-Min············································ PP3-13, PP3-26
Kim Byeong Hyeon············································· PP1-76
Kim Byeong Ock·················································· PP6-55
Kim Byeonghyeon······· PP1-64, PP1-65, PP2-29, PP8-18
Kim Byeongock··················································· PP6-45
Kim Byong Wan·············· PP4-2, PP4-4, PP4-27, PP4-28, SC3-2, YC4-1
Kim Byul················································· PP2-35, PP6-10
Kim Cha Eun· PP4-1, PP4-2, PP4-3, PP4-4, PP4-5, YC4-1
Kim Chae Yeon···················································· PP8-56
Kim Chan Ho·············································· PP1-7, PP5-9
Kim Chang Hoon··············································· PP10-16
Kim Chang-Hyun······································ PP2-7, PP2-56
Kim Chanho··········································· PP1-58, PP1-59
Kim Chan-Ho······················································· PP3-55
Kim Chan-Hyung····································· OP6-3, PP9-76
Kim Chan-Lan··················· PP7-20, PP7-28, PP7-37, PP7-47, PP9-64
Kim Cheonsoo···················································· PP1-61
Kim Cho Hyun········································ PP3-11, PP3-14

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Kim Chunsoo······················································ PP1-63
Kim Dae Hyun······················································· PP7-1
Kim Daehun················ PP1-80, PP6-43, PP6-51, PP6-65
Kim Daehyuk···················································· PP11-19
Kim Dae-Hyuk···································· PP11-10, PP11-14
Kim Daehyun······························· PP1-55, PP6-4, PP7-7
Kim Daejoong······················································· PP7-7
Kim Daejung······················································· PP4-36
Kim Dahye················ PP8-34, PP8-36, PP8-43, PP11-33
Kim Dahyun······················································· OP24-5
Kim Deok Yun·························· OP13-3, PP1-10, PP1-82
Kim DH································································ PP1-42
Kim Dohyun··········································· PP9-58, PP9-75
Kim Dong Hyun······································ PP2-75, PP2-76
Kim Donghyeon················································ PP11-13
Kim Dong-Hyeon··································· PP2-17, PP7-14
Kim Donghyun···················································· PP7-11
Kim Dong-Hyun················································ PP11-11
Kim Dong-Joon··················································· PP9-95
Kim Dong-Kyo···························· PP2-10, PP7-8, PP9-18
Kim Dongseok··················································· PP10-26
Kim Dongwook········· PP1-53, PP1-84, PP3-17, PP11-28
Kim Dongyeon·················· PP4-1, PP4-2, PP4-3, PP4-4, PP4-5, YC4-1
Kim Doo Hwan···················································· PP9-37
Kim DooHwan········································ PP5-12, PP6-15
Kim Doosan························································ PP7-11
Kim Doo-San·········································· PP7-14, PP8-13
Kim Doowan········································ PP1-19, PP10-10
Kim Do-wan························································ PP8-53
Kim Do-Young········································· OP6-1, PP7-39
Kim DW·················································· PP1-51, PP1-52
Kim EJ······························································· PP10-14
Kim Eun Bae································· OP5-1, OP9-5, SC4-5
Kim Eun Ho························································· PP9-61
Kim Eun Joong···················································· PP2-64
Kim Eun Sol······························ PP3-34, PP3-35, PP11-8
Kim Eung-Seok···················································· PP2-57
Kim Eungyung····················································· PP8-49
Kim Eunho·························································· PP9-62
Kim Eun-Joong······················································ PP2-7

Kim Eunju················· PP10-5, PP10-6, PP10-7, PP10-12
Kim Eun-Ju·························································· PP8-53
Kim Gayeon························································ PP8-16
Kim Geun-Bae···················································· OP17-6
Kim GH································································ PP8-27
Kim Gi Hyun························································ PP8-28
Kim GiHyun························································ OP11-6
Kim Gokmi·························································· PP6-22
Kim GurYoo························································· PP1-35
Kim GwangHeun······················ PP3-20, PP3-21, PP3-22
Kim Gyeongjin······································· PP2-64, PP2-68
Kim Gyuri···························································· PP6-45
Kim Hackyoun····················································· PP1-84
Kim Hak Jin··························································· PP4-6
Kim Hakjin··············································· PP4-8, PP4-10
Kim Hana·················· PP6-53, PP9-47, PP9-51, PP11-18
Kim Hanbeen··············· OP8-4, OP14-4, PP2-49, PP2-51
Kim Hansol······························· PP1-72, PP1-77, PP1-78, PP1-79,
PP6-4, PP6-48, PP9-82
Kim Heajin·························································· PP4-36
Kim Heejin·························································· PP1-83
KIM Hee-Jin································· PP1-29, PP1-47, PP1-99, PP5-1,
PP5-2, PP5-5, PP10-11
Kim Heeyeon····················································· OP19-1
Kim HJ··································································· PS5-1
Kim Hong Jun······················································ PP1-71
Kim Hongjun······················································· PP1-61
Kim Hye Jin························································· PP3-10
Kim Hye Ran························································ OP8-1
Kim Hye-Jin······ PP3-9, PP3-15, PP3-17, PP3-18, PP3-24
Kim Hyeon Tae················· IS4-2, PP3-19, PP6-6, PP6-8, PP6-9, SC3-4
Kim Hyeonah········································· PP6-12, PP6-68
kim Hyeon-Ah······························ PP9-5, PP9-8, PP9-14
Kim Hyeonjin······················································ PP8-48
Kim Hyeon-Jin······················································· YC2-2
Kim Hyeonkwon···································· PP7-46, PP9-33

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Kim Hyeran································· PP1-66, PP2-4, PP2-28, PP2-32,
PP6-38, PP9-51, PP11-18
Kim Hyeri···························································· PP11-8
Kim Hyeun Bum·········· PP3-34, PP3-35, PP11-5, PP11-8
Kim Hyeunbum····················································· PP1-4
Kim Hyun Cheol·················································· PP3-18
Kim Hyun Rae······················································· PP4-7
Kim Hyun Sang······································ PP2-75, PP2-76
Kim Hyun Soo······················································· PP5-5
Kim Hyun Woo····················· OP13-3, OP23-5, PP1-8, PP1-9, PP1-10,
PP1-11, PP8-4, PP8-45, SC2-4
Kim Hyungsik······················································ PP9-60
Kim Hyung-sik····················································· PP3-40
Kim Hyun-Jin······················································· PP8-10
Kim Hyunjong········································ PP6-44, PP6-57
Kim Hyun-Jun········································ PP3-18, PP3-23
Kim Hyunrae························································· PP4-9
KIM Hyunsoo······················································ PP1-29
Kim Hyun-Soo····················· PP1-47, PP1-99, PP5-1, PP5-2, PP10-11
Kim Hyunwook··················································· PP8-55
Kim Hyun-Wook······················ PP3-43, PP3-55, PP3-57
Kim In Ho································· OP1-4, PP1-23, PP1-24, PP1-25,
PP1-39, PP1-40, YC3-3
Kim Jae Cheol······················································ OP1-1
Kim Jae Hyeon····························· OP23-5, PP8-4, SC2-4
Kim Jae Yeong······················································ OP3-6
Kim Jae-Cheol···················································· OP21-5
Kim Jaehwan······················································· PP9-53
Kim Jae-Hwan·························· PP9-39, PP9-52, PP9-81
Kim Jae-Kyung···················································· PP11-5
Kim Jaeyoung······················································ PP3-32
Kim Jae-Young····················································· PP7-34
Kim JE···················································· PP1-51, PP1-52
Kim Jeong-Mi···················································· PP10-25
Kim Ji Won·························································· PP3-15
Kim Ji Yeong························································ PP9-61

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l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Kim Ji Yung···························· PP4-1, PP4-2, PP4-3, PP4-4, PP4-5,
PP4-27, PP4-28, SC3-2, YC4-1
Kim Jihoo···························································· PP6-53
Kim Jihye················································ PP4-13, PP4-15
Kim Jihyeon························································ PP4-36
Kim Ji-Hyuk····················· OP6-3, PP1-67, PP5-1, PP9-76
Kim Jihyung······················································ PP11-17
Kim Jin-Hyoung··················································· PP3-37
Kim Jinsoo················· OP10-4, OP19-4, PP1-12, PP1-30, PP1-31,
PP1-32, PP1-33, PP1-34, PP1-35
Kim Jinsung························································· PP8-30
Kim Jiyeong························································· PP9-62
Kim J-M······························································ OP12-3
Kim Jo Eun·························································· PP1-12
Kim Joeun············································ PP1-19, PP10-10
Kim Jong Geun··········································· PP4-6, PP4-7
Kim Jong Hyuk························· OP13-3, PP1-10, PP8-45
Kim Jong Joo·················· PP9-82, PP9-83, PP9-84, PP9-86, PP9-87,
PP9-89, PP9-91, PP9-93, PP9-94
Kim Jongbok······ PP6-26, PP6-27, PP6-29, PP6-30, PP6-31, PP6-32
Kim Jongdeok····················································· PP4-34
Kim Jonggeun················· PP4-8, PP4-9, PP4-10, PP4-11
Kim Jong-Hui·········································· PP3-13, PP3-26
Kim Jongjoo·························································· PP6-4
Kim Jongkeon····················································· PP1-74
Kim Jongkyoo···················································· OP14-6
Kim Jongnam···················································· PP11-32
Kim Jongryun········································· PP8-17, PP11-3
Kim Jueun·············································· PP1-44, PP1-45
Kim Jun Seong······································ OP11-2, PP1-87
Kim Jung Kon······················································ PP6-44
Kim Jung-Ae······················································ PP11-10
Kim Jungeun··············· PP2-15, PP2-32, PP2-33, PP6-38
Kim Jun-Mo········· OP3-1, OP6-1, OP6-6, OP10-5, OP21-1, PP7-39
Kim Junsik··········· OP22-3, OP22-5, PP5-3, PP5-4, PP5-6, PP5-20

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Kim Junyoung····················································· PP5-16
Kim Juyeong·········································· PP3-34, PP3-35
Kim Ki Beom······················································· PP9-93
Kim Ki Hyun······························· PP1-7, PP5-9, PP11-31
Kim Ki Moon················· OP1-4, PP1-23, PP1-25, PP1-40
Kim Kigon····················· PP9-9, PP9-10, PP9-11, PP9-13
Kim Kihyun············································· PP1-58, PP1-59
Kim Kiyeop·············································· OP5-2, OP17-3
Kim Kwaneung······································· PP1-84, PP1-91
Kim Kwan-Woo········································ PP7-8, PP9-18
Kim Kyeong Dae····································· PP4-27, PP4-28
Kim Kyoung Hoon···················· OP20-1, PP2-65, PP2-66
Kim Kyounghoon··································· PP2-11, PP2-70
Kim M································································· PP1-42
Kim Mangeun························ PP8-34, PP8-43, PP11-33
Kim Min Gab······················································· PP3-33
Kim Min Kyu·········································· PP4-27, PP4-28
Kim Minjeong····················································· PP8-55
Kim Minji···················· PP1-64, PP1-65, PP1-76, PP8-18
Kim Minjin·························································· PP1-56
Kim Minju························································· PP11-27
Kim Minjun·················· OP12-2, PP4-38, PP4-39, PP9-45, PP9-63
Kim Minseok······································· PP2-1, PP2-2, PP2-2, PP2-6,
PP2-34, PP2-42, PP2-44
Kim Minsu············································ OP15-5, PP3-11
Kim MJ·················································· OP12-6, PP1-42
Kim Moonju····· PP4-1, PP4-2, PP4-3, PP4-4, PP4-5, PP4-27, YC4-1
Kim Moon-ju······················································· PP3-41
Kim Myoung Ok·················································· PP8-54
Kim Myoungok························ PP8-48, PP8-49, PP8-56
Kim Myunghoo····· IS11-2, PP2-75, PP2-76, PP10-18, PP10-19, SC4-3
Kim Na Eun················ IS4-2, PP3-19, PP6-6, PP6-8 , PP6-9, SC3-4
Kim Nam-Tae········································· PP7-15, PP9-64
Kim Nayeon··········································· PP2-47, PP6-52
Kim Purum·························································· PP1-69
Kim Sam Churl······································· PP2-24, PP4-18

Kim San······························································· PP11-8
Kim Sang Eun······················································ PP8-26
Kim Sang Hoon························· OP2-3, OP11-5, PP8-32
Kim Sang Yeob······································ OP20-1, PP5-11
Kim Sang Yoon······················································ PP2-7
Kim Sang-Geum··························· PP9-5, PP9-8, PP9-14
Kim Sangkyun···················································· OP24-5
Kim Sangyeaob··················································· PP2-11
Kim SE································································· PP8-27
Kim Seo-Hee························································ OP4-1
Kim Seok Heon··················································· PP7-32
Kim Seokho············································ PP8-25, PP8-47
Kim Seok-Man········································ OP4-1, PP7-39
Kim Seon Ho······· OP4-3, PP2-75, PP2-76, PP7-29, PP10-16, YC2-3
Kim Seongjin·········································· PP2-47, PP6-52
Kim Seongmin···················································· PP5-14
Kim Seon-Ho······························ OP9-6, PP2-26, PP2-27
Kim Seung-Chand··············································· PP9-39
Kim Seungchang···································· PP9-52, PP9-53
Kim Seung-Chang··············································· PP9-81
Kim Seunghoon····················································· IS6-1
Kim Sheena······························ PP3-34, PP3-35, PP11-8
Kim Si Eun··························································· PP8-28
Kim Sidong············································· PP1-99, PP9-33
Kim SiEun··························································· OP11-6
Kim SJ································································· PP9-80
Kim Solhee·························································· PP1-88
Kim Sol-Hee······················································ PP10-25
Kim SolJi·································· PP3-20, PP3-21, PP3-22
Kim Soo······························································ PP2-26
Kim Soo Ryang··················· PP6-62, PP6-63, PP6-64, PP6-66, PP6-67
Kim Sooki··············································· PP1-88, PP6-60
Kim Soo-Ki························································ PP10-25
Kim Soyeon·············································· PP7-24, SC2-3
Kim Soyun·············································· PP1-14, PP1-16
Kim Sun-Ae························································· PP3-33
Kim Sung Jin···························· PP9-29, PP9-30, PP9-31
Kim Sung Su························································ PP3-10

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Kim Sung Woo······················ OP1-2, OP7-5, OP13-2, OP19-2, PS5-2,
PP7-20, PP7-28, PP7-37, PP7-47
Kim Sunghak····················································· PP10-24
Kim Sung-Hak····················································· PP8-10
Kim Sungjin························································· PP9-79
Kim Sung-Su························································ PP3-24
Kim Sung-woo···················································· PP9-64
Kim Su-Yeon································· PP9-5, PP9-8, PP9-14
Kim SY··································································· PS5-1
Kim Tae Hoon········································ PP2-65, PP2-66
Kim Tae Yong···················································· PP10-18
Kim Tae-Hee······················································· PP9-76
Kim Taehoon······················································· PP2-70
Kim Taekyeong··················································· PP7-26
Kim Taewook······················································ PP5-13
Kim Tae-Wook···················································· PP9-36
Kim UH······························································· PP9-38
Kim Uihyung··············· PP2-16, PP2-67, PP6-24, PP9-54
Kim Ui-Hyung········································· PP7-15, PP10-8
Kim UK································································ PP7-22
Kim Wantae························································ PP1-14
Kim Wonho························································· PP2-74
Kim Won-Il··························································· OP6-6
Kim Wonseob···················································· OP14-6
Kim Woo Kyun······················································· IS7-1
Kim Woosang······················································ PP8-30
Kim Yang Su························································· OP1-1
Kim Yangseon···································· PP11-10, PP11-14
Kim Yang-sun···················································· PP11-19
Kim YB································································ PP1-42
Kim Ye Rim·························································· PP8-46
Kim Yeong Kuk···················································· PP9-40
Kim Yeongkuk········································ PP9-41, PP9-55
Kim Yeonsu························································· PP9-45
Kim YH······ OP9-3, OP13-6, OP22-2, PP5-17, PP6-47, PP6-49
Kim Yohan··························································· PP8-12
Kim Yong Ju························································· PP11-8
Kim Yonghee······ PP1-13, PP1-14, PP1-15, PP1-16, PP1-17, PP1-18

1042

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Kim Yongju··································· OP22-4, PP1-4, PP1-5
Kim Yongseong······································ PP7-46, PP9-33
Kim Yoo Bhin······················································· PP1-43
Kim Yoo Rae························································ PP2-46
Kim Yoo Yong······················································ PP3-12
Kim Yoo-kyung···················································· PP9-56
Kim Yoonsik··········································· PP9-41, PP9-50
Kim Yoorae············································ PP2-31, PP2-43
Kim Yoo-Rae······················································· PP2-57
Kim Yooyong··············· PP1-50, PP1-56, PP1-61, PP1-63
Kim You Sam······················································· PP9-93
Kim Youjeong···················································· PP11-27
Kim Young Dong················································ OP24-4
Kim Young Hee··················································· PP1-48
Kim Young Lae···················································· PP2-19
Kim Young Min··················································· PP9-65
Kim Young Sin····················································· PP9-15
Kim Young Tae······································ OP23-2, PP8-24
Kim Younghee····················································· PP1-49
Kim Younghoon······· IS12-2, OP3-3, OP5-5, OP15-2, OP17-2, OP17-4,
PP3-11, PP3-14, PP3-44, PP11-21, PP11-23,
PP11-24, PP11-25, PP11-26
Kim Younghun················ OP22-5, PP5-4, PP5-6, PP5-20
Kim Youngkyu····················································· PP8-19
Kim Youngshin···················································· PP7-26
Kim Young-Sin····················································· PP9-43
Kim Yu Bin·································· OP7-3, PP1-27, PP5-10
Kim Yuan H. Brad··················································· IS3-1
Kim Yujin···························································· OP19-1
Kim Yu-Jin··························································· PP1-43
Kim Yuna····························································· PP3-30
Kim Yun-A································ PP3-29, PP3-31, PP3-32
Kim Z-Hun················· PP1-85, PP2-34, PP2-42, PP10-18
Kimura Naoko········································ PP7-35, PP7-36
Kin Jinsoo·························································· PP10-10
Kjaerup Rikke B················································· PP10-17
Klaitanoad Supakhom········································ PP1-36
Knol Egbert························································ OP18-2
Ko Eun Jeong······················································ PP2-27
Ko Eun-Jeong······················································ PP2-26

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Ko Eunyoung······················································· PP3-32
Ko Hanjong················································ PP6-5, PP6-7
Ko Heekwan························································ PP7-31
Ko Hee-Kwan······················································ PP7-34
Ko Kyoungbo···························· PP3-20, PP3-21, PP3-22
Ko Yeong-Gyu····················································· PP7-15
Ko Yeoung-Gyu······ PP7-20, PP7-28, PP7-37, PP7-47, PP9-56, PP9-64
Kochi Aisah··························································· PP2-5
Koh Young Jun···················································· PP9-63
Komala Iyep························································ PP6-19
Kong Changsu····························· PP1-85, PP1-86, YC2-2
Kong Hong Sik····················································· PP9-88
Kononoff Paul····················································· PP4-23
Koo A Reum························································ PP9-30
Koo Bon Kul············································· PP1-10, YC2-2
Koo Huiyeon····················································· PP10-26
Koo Jinmo··························································· PP2-55
Koo Kwang Min················································· PP11-11
Koo Yang Mo···························· PP9-29, PP9-30, PP9-31
Koo Yangmo························································ PP9-79
Koo YM······························································· PP9-80
Kour Sandeep······················································ OP9-2
Kour Savleen························································ OP9-2
Kown Kyeongseok··············································· PP6-30
Kraiprom Thaintip················································· PP2-5
Krismaputri Melinda Erdya·································· OP1-5
Ku Ji-Yeong······························· PP10-1, PP11-1, PP11-2
Ku Min Jung··········································· PP2-27, PP6-14
Ku Minjung························································· PP6-21
Kulthonggate Usakorn··················· PP8-5, PP8-6, PP8-7
Kumalawati Dewi Sari········································· PP9-90
Kumar Ashish························································ SC1-5
Kume Hirohiko······················································ PP5-7
Kunanusont Nutnaree················· PP8-5, PP8-9, PP11-4
Kuo Hsiao-Yun·················· PP6-41, PP11-7, YC1-4, YC2-4
Kuppusamy Palaniselvam··································· PP8-41
Kurniasari Dewi··················································· OP2-6
Kurniawati Kurniawati········································ PP3-54
Kwak Byungkwan················································ PP6-58
Kwak Jinok······························· PP3-34, PP3-35, PP11-8

Kwak Min-Jin····················································· OP17-5
Kwak Tae-Uk······················································· PP8-23
Kwak Woogi·························································· PP1-4
Kwanyuen Leamsamrong····································· PP1-1
Kwon Chan Ho········· OP13-3, PP1-8, PP1-9, PP1-10, PP1-11, PP1-82
Kwon Dae-Jin······················································ PP7-33
Kwon Eilhann························································· IS4-1
Kwon Eung Gi········································ PP2-19, PP2-41
Kwon Eunggi······ PP2-18, PP2-20, PP2-21, PP2-22, PP2-23, PP2-67
Kwon Hyo Jung······································ PP3-34, PP3-35
Kwon Hyun-Su···················································· PP6-11
Kwon Jeong-In···················································· PP6-20
Kwon Kyeongseok··················· PP6-26, PP6-27, PP6-29, PP6-31, PP6-32
Kwon O-Chul······················································· PP9-93
Kwon Soon-Wo················································· PP11-11
Kwon Sung Hoon················································ PP1-11
Kwon Woo-Sung··············· OP16-2, PP7-3, PP7-4, PP7-5
Kyoung Hyunjin·················· PP1-13, PP1-14, PP1-15, PP1-16, PP1-17,
PP1-18, PP1-48, PP1-49, PP3-4
Kyung-Woo Lee··················································· PP1-42

L

Laconi Erika Budiarti·········································· OP14-5
Lacuesta Jan Bennett··············· PP1-28, PP4-17, PP6-17
Ladkruea Vuttichai·············································· PP3-36
Lai Fang-Yu························································· OP18-4
Larsen Frederik T·············································· PP10-17
Lau Esmond Sie Wen··········································· OP2-1
Le Minh Thong···················································· PP9-49
Le Phuong Thanh··············································· OP23-4
Le Van Phan······································· PP10-13, PP11-22
Lee AL···················································· PP1-21, PP1-22
Lee An Na··························································· PP9-44
Lee Arim················································ PP3-34, PP3-35
Lee Baehun···· PP4-12, PP4-13, PP4-15, PP4-16, PP4-24
Lee Bo Ram············································ PP8-20, PP8-25

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1043

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Lee Boin······························································· OP3-6
Lee Bo-Ram························································ PP8-47
Lee Byeongmu···················································· PP7-45
Lee Byeong-Mu·················································· PP7-40
Lee Byunghyun······································ PP4-38, PP4-39
Lee Chae Won····························· PP1-85, PP1-86, YC2-2
Lee Chaeyoung······································ PP9-19, PP9-20
Lee Chang Soo···················································· PP2-42
Lee Changbeon··················································· PP1-30
Lee Chang-Kyu······················································· IS6-1
Lee Changsoo····················································· PP2-34
Lee Chanhee·························································· IS1-2
Lee Da Young······························· OP23-5, PP8-4, SC2-4
Lee Dae-Hyun······················································· PP3-5
Lee Dae-Young···················································· PP7-42
Lee Daniel······ OP3-3, OP5-5, OP15-2, OP17-2, OP17-4, PP3-44,
PP11-21, PP11-23, PP11-24, PP11-25, PP11-26
Lee Daseul························································ PP11-11
Lee Deuk Min·························· PP9-29, PP9-30, PP9-31
Lee Deukmin······················································· PP9-26
Lee DM······························································· PP9-79
Lee Dong Bin··························· OP11-2, PP1-87, PP8-40
Lee Dong Jae········································· PP9-40, PP9-42
Lee Dongheon····················· PP3-9, PP3-10, PP3-15, PP3-18, PP3-24
Lee Donghoon······································· PP6-53, PP6-54
Lee Dongjae··········································· PP9-41, PP9-55
Lee Dong-Jun······················································ PP6-44
Lee Dongseok········································ PP1-66, PP2-28
Lee Dong-Sun······································ PP8-34, PP11-33
Lee Doo Ho············································ PP9-40, PP9-61
Lee Dooho············································· PP9-41, PP9-55
Lee Eun Ju··························································· PP8-14
Lee Eunbi······························································ PP2-9
Lee Eunchae·················· PP6-33, PP9-83, PP9-84, PP9-86, PP9-87,
PP9-89, PP9-91, PP9-94
Lee Eun-Do·············································· PP7-8, PP9-18
Lee Eun-Seon········································· PP3-13, PP3-26
Lee Ga-Yeong··························· PP7-20, PP7-28, PP7-47

1044

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Lee Gichan·························································· PP8-16
Lee Gwang Hyeon··············································· PP9-88
Lee Haesun························································· PP8-23
Lee Haesun Lee·················································· PP8-26
Lee Hagju···························································· PP3-23
Lee Hai Min························································· OP1-1
lee hakkyo·························································· PP9-75
Lee Hak-Kyo················ OP12-1, PP7-33, PP8-37, PP9-58
Lee Hakyo··························································· PP9-97
Lee Han Gyu·························· PP10-5, PP10-7, PP10-12
Lee Hanbae·················· OP17-5, PP1-14, PP1-16, PP8-39, PP8-42
Lee Hayoung······················································· PP7-49
Lee Hee-Jung······················································ PP3-17
Lee Hee-Woon······················································ SC2-1
Lee HG······························································ PP10-14
Lee HJ···················································· PP7-22, PP9-38
Lee Hong Gu······························ OP8-1, PP2-46, PP6-42
Lee Honggu····· OP11-1, PP2-31, PP2-43, PP2-62, PP7-31, PP8-44
Lee Hong-Gu·········································· PP2-57, PP7-34
Lee Hu Suk············································· PP10-5, PP10-6
Lee Huseong············ PP2-1, PP2-2, PP2-6, PP2-34, PP2-42, PP2-44
Lee Hye-lim························································ OP13-2
Lee Hyeonjun············································· PP2-9, PP8-8
Lee HyeYeon······················································· PP9-60
Lee Hyun Jung·················· OP15-5, PP3-11, PP3-12, PP3-14, PP3-15
Lee Hyungjoo······················································ PP5-19
Lee Hyun-Gwan·················································· PP1-43
Lee Hyunjeong··················· PP2-16, PP2-48, PP2-67, PP6-24, PP9-54
Lee Jae Gu······························· PP9-16, PP9-23, PP9-24
Lee Jae in··············································· PP1-48, PP1-49
Lee Jae Seung····················································· PP11-6
Lee Jae Sung······························ OP8-1, PP2-46, PP6-42
Lee Jae-Bong·········································· OP6-3, PP9-76
Lee Jaeeun··············································· PP7-24, SC2-3
Lee Jaegu···················· PP9-19, PP9-20, PP9-21, PP9-92
Lee Jaein················································ PP1-13, PP1-15

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Lee Jae-In···················· PP1-14, PP1-16, PP1-17, PP1-18
Lee Jaesung················ PP2-31, PP2-62, PP5-11, PP7-31
Lee Jae-Sung···························· PP2-43, PP2-57, PP7-34
Lee Jaeyeong······················································ PP7-37
Lee Jae-Yeong············· PP7-20, PP7-28, PP7-47, PP9-64
Lee Jai Wei····· PP1-90, PP1-92, PP1-93, PP1-94, PP2-72
Lee Janggu·························································· PP2-31
Lee Je-Myung····················································· PP6-11
Lee Jeong Ah························································ PP3-7
Lee Jeong Heon····································· PP2-44, PP2-58
Lee Jeong-Ah········································· PP3-43, PP3-57
Lee Jeongeun······················································ PP8-17
Lee Jeonghee···················································· PP10-26
Lee Jeongheon···················································· PP2-54
Lee JH································································ OP12-6
Lee Ji Hwan························································· PP6-16
Lee Ji Hye········· OP13-3, PP1-8, PP1-9, PP1-10, PP1-11, PP1-82
Lee Jiae··················································· OP18-5, PP9-4
Lee Jihwan······························· PP1-4, PP7-11, PP11-13
Lee Ji-Hwan················ PP2-17, PP2-25, PP7-14, PP8-13
Lee Ji-Hye····························································· PP2-7
Lee Jiyeon·············································· PP8-33, PP9-67
Lee Jiyoung························································· PP11-5
Lee Jongan······························· PP6-12, PP6-68, PP9-56
Lee Jong-Chul····················································· PP2-57
Lee Jong-Sik··········································· PP6-35, PP6-36
Lee Joonho············································ PP9-92, PP9-97
Lee JS···································································· PS5-1
Lee Ju Huck························································· PP11-5
Lee Ju Young······················································· PP8-23
Lee Juho································ OP22-3, OP22-5, PP3-30, PP5-3,
PP5-4, PP5-6, PP5-20
Lee Ju-Hoon························································ PP11-5
Lee Jun Heon··························· OP12-4, PP9-45, PP9-63
Lee Jun Hyung···················································· PP11-8
Lee Jun Kyung········································ PP6-62, PP6-64
Lee Junbeom······ OP3-3, OP5-5, OP15-2, OP17-2, OP17-4, PP3-44,
PP11-21, PP11-23, PP11-24, PP11-25, PP11-26

Lee Jungjae······························ PP9-21, PP9-79, PP9-85
Lee Jungkyu··········································· PP6-53, PP6-54
Lee Jungsik························································· PP2-47
Lee Junhee······························· OP11-1, PP2-43, PP8-44
Lee Junheon······················································ OP12-2
Lee Jun-Heon······················································ PP9-81
Lee Jun-Ho·························································· PP1-67
Lee Junhyeong···················································· PP2-55
Lee Jun-Hyeong·················································· PP6-23
Lee Kiwon································ PP4-13, PP4-15, PP4-26
Lee Kyoungsuk···················································· PP7-14
Lee Kyung Woo··················································· PP1-78
Lee Kyung Youn··················································· PP9-46
Lee Kyungsuk······················································ PP7-11
Lee Kyung-Tai······················································· OP6-6
Lee Kyung-Woo··················································· PP1-43
Lee Man-Hee························································ PP2-7
Lee Mijin····························································· PP9-95
Lee Mi-Kyung······················································ PP11-5
Lee Min Gook····················································· PP8-26
Lee Mingyung······························· OP14-4, PP2-36, PP2-37, PP2-38,
PP2-52, PP2-53, SC2-1
Lee Myung Gyu··················· PP6-62, PP6-63, PP6-64, PP6-66, PP6-67
Lee Myung-Suk··················································· PP7-15
Lee Poongyeon······································ PP8-20, PP8-47
Lee S··································································· PP1-42
Lee Sang Hong········································ IS10-2, PP9-16
Lee Sang Hyeok·················································· PP1-43
Lee Sang Hyun···················································· PP5-11
Lee Sang Jin······················································ PP10-18
Lee Sang Suk································· OP4-3, PP2-75, PP2-76, PP6-14,
PP7-29, PP10-16, YC2-3
Lee Sang-Hee······················································ PP7-49
Lee Sang-Hoon······································ PP4-26, PP9-18
Lee Sangjin······················································· PP10-19
Lee Sang-Mook··················································· PP3-40
Lee Sang-Myeong··································· OP16-3, PP7-6
Lee Sangrak····· PP1-89, PP2-50, PP6-58, PP7-31, SC3-5

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1045

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Lee Sang-Rak······················································ PP7-34
Lee Sang-Suk····························· OP9-6, PP2-26, PP2-27
Lee Sei-Jung····························· PP8-51, PP8-52, PP8-53
Lee Senghwa······················································· PP4-36
Lee Seokhyeon··················································· PP9-92
Lee Seokhyun········································ PP9-72, PP9-74
Lee Seokmin·········································· PP3-34, PP3-35
Lee Seong Shin······································ PP2-24, PP4-18
Lee Seongshin·························· PP2-15, PP2-33, PP6-10
Lee Seonmin·································· PP3-4, PP3-5, PP3-8
Lee Seoyoung····················································· PP6-45
Lee Seul··································· PP2-29, PP2-35, PP2-38
Lee Seulgy········ PP9-9, PP9-10, PP9-11, PP9-12, PP9-13
Lee Seung Chul··················································· PP3-12
Lee Seung Hak···················································· PP9-12
Lee Seung Hwan······ PP9-40, PP9-42, PP9-50, PP9-61, PP9-63, PP9-93
Lee Seung Soo············ PP9-16, PP9-17, PP9-19, PP9-22
Lee Seung Yun················ OP23-5, PP8-4, PP8-45, SC2-4
Lee Seungeun····················································· PP1-69
Lee Seunghak··············· PP9-9, PP9-10, PP9-11, PP9-13
Lee Seunghoon······································ PP8-25, PP8-47
Lee Seunghun············· PP1-80, PP6-43, PP6-51, PP6-65
Lee Seunghwan······················· PP2-60, PP9-41, PP9-55
Lee Seunghyung················································· PP7-49
Lee Seung-in······················································· PP2-74
Lee Seungsoo····················································· PP9-20
Lee Seyoung·········································· PP4-13, PP4-15
Lee SH································································· PP7-22
Lee Shin Ja············································· PP2-75, PP2-76
Lee So Hee·························································· PP2-19
Lee Sohee······ PP2-18, PP2-20, PP2-21, PP2-22, PP2-23
Lee Solhee·························································· PP1-84
Lee Song-Hee······················································· OP4-4
Lee Soo Hyun········································· PP9-16, PP9-17
Lee Soohyun···························· PP9-19, PP9-20, PP9-25
Lee Soohyung···························· OP10-3, PP7-13, YC1-1
Lee Sook-Jin························································ PP9-44
Lee Sooyeon································ OP18-5, PP9-4, YC1-3
Lee SR································································· PP6-49
Lee Su An··············································· PP4-27, PP4-28

1046

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Lee Su Chan····························· PP6-63, PP6-66, PP6-67
Lee SuHyup······························ PP1-31, PP1-33, PP1-34
Lee Sung Ho········································· PP4-22, PP11-34
Lee Sung Jin··········································· PP10-2, PP10-3
Lee Sung Sil························································· PP7-29
Lee Sung Sill··········································· PP2-75, PP2-76
Lee Sungdae······················································· PP2-32
Lee Sungho·························· PP1-53, PP11-27, PP11-28
Lee Sung-Soo······················································ PP7-28
Lee Taehyung······················································ PP7-49
Lee Taejun···························································· SC3-5
Lee Tzu-Tai·························································· PP1-57
Lee Wan-Kyu······································ PP11-12, PP11-16
Lee Won You························································· PP7-1
Lee Wonyou·························································· PP7-7
Lee Won-Young····················································· PP9-6
Lee Woo Do············································· PP1-29, PP5-5
Lee Woodo············································ PP1-46, PP1-83
Lee Woo-Do························································ PP1-47
Lee Woo-Jin······················ OP16-2, PP7-3, PP7-4, PP7-5
Lee Woong Ji····· OP3-3, OP5-5, OP15-2, OP17-2, PP3-44, PP11-21,
PP11-23, PP11-24, PP11-25, PP11-26
Lee Woongji······················································· OP17-4
Lee Ya-Jane················································ SC4-2, SC4-4
Lee Yang-Joon····················································· PP6-51
Lee Yang-Jooon··················································· PP6-61
Lee YC······················································ PP5-8, PP10-9
Lee Yee Eun··········································· PP3-11, PP3-14
Lee Yejun···························································· PP3-27
Lee Yeon Hwa····················································· PP9-88
Lee Yong Seok····················································· PP2-56
Lee Yookyung·················· OP14-4, PP2-15, PP2-32, PP2-33, PP6-10
Lee Yoonseok··························· PP8-33, PP9-67, PP9-68
Lee Young Chang················································ PP9-16
Lee Youngchang····································· PP9-19, PP9-20
Lee Young-Sup···················································· PP9-73
Lee Youngwon······································· PP3-34, PP3-35
Lee Yu-Ju······························································ OP6-3
Lee Yukyung························································ PP2-64

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Lee Yun Mi······························· PP9-83, PP9-84, PP9-86, PP9-87,
PP9-89, PP9-91, PP9-94
Leite Natalia······················································ OP18-2
Leury Brian························································· PP9-78
Li Dingyun··········································· OP17-3, PP11-29
Li Jhih-Ming······················································· OP22-1
Li Jhy Ming··························································· OP9-1
Li Jhy-Ming············································ OP13-5, PP1-68
Li Xiao-Han························································· PP7-19
Li Yan Fen······························································ PP4-6
Li Yanfen························· PP4-8, PP4-9, PP4-10, PP4-11
Lillehoj Hyun······················································ OP18-6
Lillehoj Hyun S····························· OP18-5, PP9-4, YC1-3
Lim Byeonghwi······································· OP6-6, OP10-5
Lim Chai Bin·················· OP1-4, PP1-23, PP1-24, PP1-40
Lim Chain Bin······················································ PP1-25
Lim Chiwoong····················································· PP8-57
Lim Chunik············································· PP1-44, PP1-45
Lim Dajeong··········································· PP9-47, PP9-57
Lim Dong Hyun··················································· PP6-16
Lim Donghyun·················································· PP11-13
Lim Dong-Hyun························ PP2-17, PP2-25, PP7-14
Lim Eun-A·············································· PP4-26, PP4-33
Lim Hoyeon····························· PP8-33, PP9-67, PP9-68
Lim Hyewon························································ PP8-29
Lim Hyun Tae······················································ PP9-61
Lim Hyuntae······················································· PP9-62
Lim Ji Hyun························································· PP8-23
Lim Jin A····························································· PP9-81
Lim Jungwoo······················································· PP2-43
Lim Kyu-Sang·········································· OP6-3, PP9-76
Lim Se Jin······························································ PP5-9
Lim Sejin···································· PP1-7, PP1-58, PP1-59
Lim Seok-Won······················································ OP3-1
Lim Shi-Yong························································· SC3-1
Lim Young-Jo······················································· PP9-47
Lin Chih-Yu··············································· PP9-96, SC2-5
Lin HH································································· PP1-57
Lin Jen-Shinn························································ SC3-1
Lin Jia-Huei························································ OP22-1

Lin Qi-Zhou························································ OP22-1
Lin Rong-Shinn········································· PP9-96, SC2-5
Lin Xin-Yi···························································· OP13-5
Lin Yuan-Yu························································· PP1-26
Linh Nguyen Vu···································· OP10-1, PP7-23
Liong Min······························································· IS3-2
Lister Cliff··························································· OP20-4
Listyarini Kasita····································· OP12-5, PP9-71
Liu Wen-Chao······················································· PP1-6
Llantada Phoebe Lyndia······································ PP2-69
Llonch Pol······························································ IS8-1
Lokhande Anushka································ PP1-30, PP1-35
Lopez del Cerro Pablo·························· PP7-30, PP10-20
Loudon Emayln·················································· OP13-1
Lourenco Daniela······················· OP18-2, OP18-3, PS2-1
Lualhati Christian··············································· OP24-6
Lumbo Noel··············································· YC2-1, YC4-4
Lumsangkul Chompunut························ OP10-1, SC1-2

M

Macelline Shemil·················································· PP3-2
Macelline Shemil Priyan····································· PP3-53
Machimaporn Taesuji··········································· PP8-7
Maciel Martin······································ PP7-30, PP10-20
Maderse Angel······································ PP1-95, PP1-96
Maeda Toshinari·················································· IS12-1
Magarro Angelie············ OP1-3, OP19-5, PP1-98, SC1-1
Magpantay Veneranda······································ OP24-6
Mahajan Sumit··················································· PP10-4
Maharani Dyah······································ PP9-90, PP9-99
Mahfuz S······················ OP9-3, OP22-2, PP5-17, PP6-47
Maidin Mashitah Shikh········································ OP8-2
Makmur Malik···················································· PP2-39
Malavige Romesha Chandanee··············································· OP16-3, PP7-6, PP7-10
Malinao Blessy Hanna·········································· YC4-4
Mallari Noime····················································· PP3-61
Mamat Hamidi Kamalludin··································· PP9-2
Mamuad Lovelia························· PP2-26, PP2-27, YC2-3
Managa Karl Reginald·········································· OP8-5

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1047

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Maneerat Warinthorn········································ PP2-73
Manjula Prabuddha··································· PP3-1, PP3-2
Manlapig Jamal James······································· OP20-2
Marbun Tabita Dameria························ PP2-64, PP2-68
Mark Hiew Wen Han············································ PP9-2
Martinez Fernandez G·········································· PS3-1
Maruyama Shin···················································· SC1-3
Masa Raphael······················································ OP3-2
Masoumeh Naserkheil·························· PP9-19, PP9-25
Massashi Takahashi··········································· OP23-4
Matsuo Ayumi···················································· PP4-25
Maylem Excel Rio················································· YC4-2
Maylinda Sucik··················································· PP9-77
McElligott April·················································· OP24-2
McSweeney CS····················································· PS3-1
Md Tamrin Nur Aida············································ OP6-4
Mehrban Hossein···················· PP9-29, PP9-30, PP9-31
Mektrirat Raktham······························· OP10-1, PP7-23
Mendoza Remilyn··············································· PP11-6
Meng Ziyao············································· OP5-4, OP17-3
Merca Florinia······································ OP14-3, OP20-2
Miguel Michelle······· OP4-3, OP9-6, PP2-26, PP2-27, PP7-29, PP10-16
Min Changwoo······································ PP4-38, PP4-39
Min Doohong··········································· IS9-1, PP4-23
Min Hongrip······················································· PP9-85
Min Won-Gi······················································· OP21-5
Min Yejin································ PP1-12, PP1-19, PP10-10
Min YJ···················································· PP1-51, PP1-52
Min Yunhui···························· PP8-34, PP8-43, PP11-33
Mingala Claro······································ PP4-14, PP10-15
Misztal Ignacy···················································· OP18-3
Mitsuishi Hiroki···················································· SC1-3
Mohammad Ataallahi········································· PP5-21
Mohd Adhan Ernie Muneerah····························· OP6-4
Montha Napatsorn············································ OP10-1
Moog Babylyn···················································· PP1-41
Moon Byeongjo················································ PP11-27
Moon Chan······························ PP3-20, PP3-21, PP3-22
Moon Hongseok··············································· PP10-26
Moon Jeong Su················································· PP10-161048

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Moon Joonbeom···································· OP8-4, PP2-59
Moon Jun Ok······················································ PP1-48
Moon Junok····························· OP19-1, PP1-49, PP1-69
Moon Jun-Ok········································ OP21-5, PP1-43
Moon Kunyong··················································· PP1-63
Moon Sangho····················································· PP2-47
Moon Seung Gyu················································ PP1-88
Moon Seunggyu················································· PP6-60
Moon Seung-Gyu·············································· PP10-25
Moon Seung-Tae················································· OP4-6
Moon Sung-Sil···················································· PP3-37
Moon Yang Soo··················································· PP8-12
Moon Yangsoo···················································· PP8-55
Moon Yang-Soo·················································· PP3-27
Moonmanee Tossapol··············· OP10-1, PP7-23, SC1-2
Moore Karen····················································· OP13-1
Moturi Joseph······································· PP1-31, PP1-33
Mulatsih Sri··········································· PP3-52, PP3-56
Mun Daye······ OP3-3, OP5-5, OP15-2, OP17-2, OP17-4, PP3-44,
PP11-21, PP11-23, PP11-24, PP11-25, PP11-26
Mun HS································ OP9-3, OP13-6, OP22-2, PP5-17,
PP5-18, PP6-47, PP6-49
Mun Jun Young·················································· OP10-4
Mun Junyoung············ OP19-4, PP1-31, PP1-32, PP1-34
Mun Yejin···························································· OP7-4
Munezero O Olivie·············································· PP1-25
Munyaneza Jean Pierre····································· OP18-1
Muraki Eiji····························································· SC1-3
Mustofa Fatmawati············································ PP9-99
Muthusamy Karnan················· PP4-19, PP4-20, PP4-21
Mutia Rita··························································· PP3-52
Myung Cheol Hyun············································· PP9-61
Myung Cheolhyun·············································· PP9-62

N

Na Chong-Sam··················································· OP12-1
Na Ga Rim··························································· PP8-46
Na Myung Hwan················································ OP24-5

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Na Seon Jeong···················································· PP6-14
Na Tae Woong···················································· PP4-35
Na Taewoong······················································ PP4-36
Na Youngjun············································ PP2-50, SC3-5
Nadeem Asif························································· PP8-3
Naing Ye Pyae····························· OP4-3, OP9-6, PP7-29
Naing Yepyae······················································ PP2-26
Najmah Fikriyah·················································· PP2-40
Nakahori Yuka····················································· PP9-28
Nakano Miwa····················································· PP4-25
Nakavisut Sansak················································ PP3-36
Nam Hyerin··············································· PP2-9, PP8-8
Nam In Sik······························· OP11-2, PP1-87, PP8-40
Nam Insik··············································· PP6-11, PP9-60
Nam In-Sik·························································· PP3-40
Nam Jeong Hun···················································· PP1-8
Nam Jinwook······················································ PP1-18
Nam Ki Chang········································ PP3-16, PP3-38
Nam Younhee··················································· PP11-32
Namgung Nyun··················································· PP1-86
Naserkheil Masoumeh································ PP9-20, PP9-26, PP9-30, PP9-31
Natsir Muhammad Halim····································· PP1-3
Nawarathne Shan················································· PP3-1
Nawarathne Shan Randima······· OP7-3, PP1-27, PP3-53
Neri Therese Ariane············································ PP3-40
Ngo Suong Thi Minh·········································· OP23-4
Ngu Nguyen Trong··············································· OP4-2
Nguyen Hoang Thinh··························· PP9-27, PP10-13
Nguyen Khang Thi Kim······································ OP23-4
Nguyen Thai Anh································· PP9-27, PP10-13
Nguyen Thuy Linh··············································· PP9-27
Nguyen Van Giap·············································· PP10-13
Nguyen Van Tam··············································· PP11-22
Nho Hwangook··················································· PP1-84
Nii Takahiro············································· OP21-3, SC2-2
Ninomiya Shigeru·················································· IS8-2
Nishimura Haruka·············································· OP24-1
Niu Ying-Jie························································· PP7-19
No Jingu······························································ PP8-25
No Yu Jin····························································· PP6-14

No Yujin······························································ PP6-21
Nova Tertia Delia················································ PP3-39
Nuez III Jose Alberto············································· YC4-4
Nugrahaeningtyas Eska································ PP6-35, PP6-36, PP6-39, PP6-40
Nuningtyas Yuli Frita············································· PP1-3
Nuphaus Stefanie·············································· OP18-2
Nurdinov Elyor···················································· PP5-10
Nurhusien Yimer Degu········································· PP9-2
Nurlatifah Aeni···················································· OP8-2

O

Ocampo Lerma·················································· OP16-4
Ock Sun A·············································· PP8-20, PP8-47
Ogura Shin-Ichiro····································· PP4-25, PP5-7
Oh Byeong Seob················································· PP11-5
Oh Changmin······················································ PP9-95
Oh Dong Hoon····························· OP23-5, PP8-4, SC2-4
Oh Dongyeop··········································· PP1-55, PP7-7
Oh Dongyep··············································· PP6-4, PP7-1
Oh Hanjin····································· OP22-4, PP1-4, PP1-5
Oh Jaedon··························································· PP9-75
Oh Jae-Don························································· PP9-58
Oh Joonpyo······· OP20-1, PP2-36, PP2-37, PP2-38, PP2-70, SC2-1
Oh Jun Seok························································ PP5-11
Oh Keon Bong········································ PP8-23, PP8-26
Oh Mi-Hwa············································ PP3-13, PP3-26
Oh Mirae···················· PP2-47, PP4-12, PP4-26, PP4-31
Oh Sang-Hyon········································ PP1-38, PP9-37
OH Sang-Ik······························· PP10-5, PP10-6, PP10-7
Oh Sehyuk·················· PP3-29, PP3-30, PP3-31, PP3-32
Oh Sejong···················· OP5-2, OP5-4, OP17-3, PP11-29
Oh Seoho··················································· PP2-9, PP8-8
Oh Seung Min······················································· PP7-1
Oh Seungmin········································· PP1-35, PP1-55
Oh Seungwon····················································· PP9-69
Oh SI································································· PP10-14
Oh S-M······························································ OP12-3
Oh Woo Hyeon······································ PP10-2, PP10-3

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1049

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Ohh Sang Jip······················································· PP2-58
Oketch Elijah Ogola···················· OP7-3, PP1-21, PP1-22, PP1-27, PP5-10
Okrathok Supattra··············································· OP1-6
Oliver Mark············································· OP8-6, OP20-4
Oliveros Maria Cynthia················ OP3-2, PP3-45, YC4-4
On Jeongyeon········································ PP1-88, PP6-60
On Jeong-Yeon·················································· PP10-25
Ong Chian Teng···················································· OP5-6
Onjai-Uea Narawich······························ PP2-71, PP4-40
Ono Ryoko·························································· PP9-34
Orawan Arunsangseesod······································ PP1-1
Ortega Edgardo···································· PP7-30, PP10-20

P

Paengkoum Pramote····························· PP2-71, PP4-40
Paengkoum Siwaporn···························· PP2-71, PP4-40
Pak Jin Sol··························································· PP9-44
Palacpac Eric······················································ OP24-3
Pan Niru······························································ PP1-62
Panatuk Julakorn··············································· OP10-1
Panchal Indu······················································· PP10-4
Pandey Sriniwas····································· PP3-34, PP3-35
Pang Myung-Geol········ PS6-2, PP7-40, PP7-41, PP7-42, PP7-44, PP7-45
Pang Wonki························································· PP7-45
Pang Won-Ki··············· PP7-40, PP7-41, PP7-42, PP7-44
Pangprasit Noppason························ PP10-21, PP10-22
Panyavong Xaysana············································ PP2-70
Papang Janailin Suchiang···································· PP10-4
Paradhipta Dimas Hand Vidya···························· PP2-24
Paradipta Dimas Hand Vidya······························ PP4-18
Park BH·················································· PP7-22, PP9-38
Park Bohye·················· PP2-60, PP2-61, PP8-39, PP8-42
Park Brian··························································· PP4-34
Park Byeong Kyu················································· PP9-95
Park Byoungho··················· PP6-24, PP9-54, PP9-83, PP9-84, PP9-86
Park Byung Chul·················································· PP8-28
Park Byung Ki········································· PP2-19, PP2-41

1050

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Park Byungho····················································· PP2-16
Park Byungki······ PP2-18, PP2-20, PP2-21, PP2-22, PP2-23, PP2-67
Park Chankyu····························· IS10-1, PP9-48, PP9-49
Park Cheolju············ PP2-1, PP2-2, PP2-6, PP2-34, PP2-42, PP2-44
Park Choon-Keun················································ PP7-49
Park Chungyu····················································· PP8-43
Park Dasom······················································ PP10-19
Park Geun Woo····································· PP6-39, PP6-40
Park Geunwoo·············· PP5-21, PP5-21, PP6-69, SC3-3
Park Gyutae················ PP3-29, PP3-30, PP3-31, PP3-32
Park Hee-Bok·········································· OP6-3, PP9-76
Park HyeIn·························································· PP1-33
Park Hyung Soo·········· PP4-29, PP4-30, PP4-31, PP4-32
Park Hyungsoo············ PP4-12, PP4-13, PP4-15, PP4-16
Park Hyunjin······················································· PP2-56
Park Hyunju··········································· PP1-19, PP7-26
Park Hyun-jung··················································· PP3-40
Park Jee Yong······················································ PP10-7Park Jeongkuk····································· OP17-4, PP11-26
Park Jeoungkuk···················· OP3-3, OP5-5, OP15-2, OP17-2, PP3-44,
PP11-21, PP11-23, PP11-24, PP11-25
Park Ji Hyun·························································· PP7-1
Park Ji Young·········································· PP3-16, PP3-38
Park Jin Se··························································· PP9-65
Park Jin Yeon························································· PP7-1
Park Jinho································ PP10-1, PP11-1, PP11-2
Park Jin-Ki····························································· PP9-6
Park Jinryong········································ OP23-3, PP8-17
Park Jinsoo······························· OP11-1, PP2-43, PP8-44
Park Jinyeon························································· PP6-4
Park Jongbin············································· OP5-1, SC4-5
Park Jong-Eun··········· PP9-47, PP9-51, PP9-57, PP11-18
Park Jongho·········································· OP12-4, PP9-63
Park Jong-Seob······································ PP5-13, PP9-36
Park Jongwan····················································· PP1-34
Park Joong Kook······················ PP2-19, PP2-44, PP2-58

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Park Joongkook······························· PP2-18, PP2-20, PP2-21, PP2-22,
PP2-23, PP2-51, PP2-54, PP2-59
Park Jun····························································· OP12-1
Park Jung-Il························································· PP6-11
Park Junsu······ PP6-13, PP6-25, PP6-28, PP6-34, PP6-37, PP6-46
Park Kang Won··················································· PP8-20
Park Keunkyu············································· PP2-3, PP2-4
Park Ki Yeon························································ PP2-46
Park Kiyeon························································· PP2-43
Park Ki-Yeon························································ PP2-57
Park Kwang-Man················································ PP11-2
Park Kwangwook················································ PP3-32
Park Kwang-Wook··············································· PP2-27
Park Kyeong Il······························· PP1-13, PP1-14, PP1-15, PP1-16,
PP1-17, PP1-18, PP1-48, PP1-49
Park Ky-Hyun························································ SC3-3
Park Kyoungdo···················································· PP9-97
Park Kyu Hyun···················································· PP6-40
Park Kyu-Hyun······ PP5-21, PP6-20, PP6-35, PP6-36, PP6-39, PP6-69
Park Kyungdo······················································ PP7-33
Park Kyung-Do··················································· OP12-1
Park Manho······················································ PP10-26
Park Mi Na·················· PP9-16, PP9-17, PP9-19, PP9-26
Park Min Ah························································ PP1-48
Park Min Jung····················································· PP7-32
Park Min Soo······················································ PP6-62
Park Mina·············································· PP9-20, PP9-25
Park Minah······························ OP19-1, PP1-49, PP1-69
Park Min-Ah······················································· OP21-5
Park Mirieom····················· PP11-10, PP11-14, PP11-19
Park Mi-Ryung······································· PP8-23, PP8-26
Park MS················································· PP7-22, PP9-38
Park Myunghum···································· PP9-93, PP9-95
Park Myungsun························ PP2-16, PP6-24, PP9-54
Park Nam Geon··················································· OP8-1
Park No A···························································· PP1-70
Park Sang In························································ PP2-58

Park Sanghun··················· PP3-28, PP3-29, PP3-30, PP3-31, PP3-32
Park Sangin························································· PP1-34
Park Sangwoo········································ PP1-14, PP1-16
Park Sehyun············································ OP22-4, PP1-5
Park Seol Hwa············· PP1-64, PP1-65, PP1-76, PP8-18
Park Seolhwa······································· PP6-38, PP11-35
Park Seong-Min····································· PP2-52, PP2-53
Park Seonyoung················································ PP11-17
Park Seoyoung·················································· PP10-24
Park SeRin·························································· OP10-4
Park Seung Hyun··································· PP6-63, PP6-66
Park Seung-Hwan··············································· PP11-5
Park Seunghyun·················································· PP6-67
Park Sojeong······················································· PP1-89
Park Soyean······ PP6-13, PP6-25, PP6-28, PP6-34, PP6-46, PP6-58
Park Sungkwon······································ PP8-29, PP8-30
Park Sungwon········································ PP7-48, PP9-98
Park Tae Sub······················································· PP8-28
Park Taewhan········································ PP5-12, PP6-15
Park Teasub······················································· OP11-6
Park TS································································ PP8-27
Park Woncheoul······· PP9-47, PP9-51, PP9-57, PP11-18
Park Y································································· OP12-3
Park Yong-Ha························································· IS3-2
Park Yong-Ki························································ PP3-40
Park Yoojin·························································· PP7-45
Park Yoo-Jin················ PP7-40, PP7-41, PP7-42, PP7-44
Park Yoon-Been················································· OP10-5Park Yoosung······················································ PP6-20
Park Young Bin···················································· PP4-22
Park Youngbin······································ PP1-53, PP11-28
Park Youngmin···················································· PP1-14
Park Yunhwan············· PP3-29, PP3-30, PP3-31, PP3-32
Parvin Rashida···················································· PP3-42
Pathak Anand Kumar··········································· OP9-2
Paudel Bhola·············································· PP6-8, SC3-4
Pei-Hwa Wang······················································ PP9-7
Peltoniemi Olli······················································ PS4-1
Peng Dongqiao························ OP11-1, PP2-62, PP8-44

Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1) l

1051

Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Peng Shu-Hui······················································ PP8-15
Pham Kim Dang················································ PP10-13
Phan Thi Tuoi························································ PP9-3
Phonkompaeng Amonrat····················· OP14-1, OP14-2
Picca Antonella···································· PP7-30, PP10-20
Pluske John··························································· PS3-2
Poaty Ditengou Junior Isaac Celestin········ OP7-4, YC3-2
Poblete Joe··················· OP2-5, OP7-2, OP14-3, OP20-2
Pohler Ky································································ IS5-1
Poommarin Pattaraporn···································· OP17-1
Pootthachaya Padsakorn···································· PP1-60
Pratama Rezha Wahyu········································ PP6-18
Prates L································································· PP2-8
Pratidina Laurentia Adinda··················· OP23-2, PP8-24
Promsao Nalinthip································ OP10-1, PP7-23
Punyatong Montri················································ SC1-2
Purnamasari Listya·································· OP1-5, OP2-3, OP11-2, PP1-87,
PP8-32, PP8-40, OP11-5
Purwanto Bagus Priyo········································ PP6-18

R

Radiati Lilik························································· PP3-49
Rafael Rosalie····················································· PP4-14
Rahardjo Dwi Djoko··········································· OP19-3
Rahayu Sri··························································· PP9-71
Rahman Md Saidur····· PP7-40, PP7-41, PP7-42, PP7-45
Rajaraman Bharanidharan····················· PP2-65, PP2-66
Ramadhan Rizky················································· PP3-49
Ramadhani Muhammad Fahmiar······················· PP6-19
Ramadhaniarti Millenia······································ PP3-49
Ramos Gerald······················································· YC4-2
Ramos Sonny·········································· OP4-3, PP7-29
Ranaweera Kamburawala
Kankanamge Tharindu Namal························· PP5-11
Ranaweera KKTN·················································· PS5-1
Rao Bakul······························································ SC1-5
Raquipo Jemimah··············································· PP1-41
Raquipo Jemimah Micah···································· PP6-17
Rattanamas Khate························· PP8-5, PP8-6, PP8-7

1052

l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Ravidas Cherry Mae··········································· OP21-4
Rayos Antonio··················································· OP20-2
Retnani Yuli············································ PP3-54, PP3-56
Reverter Antonio·················································· PS2-2
Reyes Francis Carlo············································· PP1-28
Reyes Francis Carlo································ PP4-17, PP6-17
Reyes Francisco Carlo········································· PP1-41
Reyes Rhona Nina····················· OP7-1, OP13-4, PP1-97
Rheem Sungsu····················································· OP5-2
Ridhowi Aswah··················································· PP2-72
Ridla Muhammad··············································· PP2-39
Rikimaru Kazuhiro·············································· PP9-32
Rivera Shanemae·················································· YC4-2
Rizwantiara Zadhiya············································ PP3-54
Roh Heecheol····················································· PP6-43
Roh Jae Won······················································· PP1-74
Roh Sanggun·························································· IS1-1
Roosita Katrin···················································· OP12-5
Ros-Freixedes Roger·········································· OP18-3
Ruenphet Sakchai························ PP8-5, PP8-6, PP11-4
Rusman Rusman················································· PP3-25
Ryu Buom-Yong························· OP4-1, PP7-39, PP7-43
Ryu Chaehwa········································· PP2-29, PP2-35
Ryu Do-Yeal······························ PP7-40, PP7-41, PP7-42
Ryu Doyeol························································· PP7-45
Ryu HJ································································· PP8-27
Ryu Hokyun························································ PP7-31
Ryu Hyeong Ju···················································· PP8-28
Ryu Hyeongju······································· OP11-6, PP8-31
Ryu Keongseon······································ PP1-44, PP1-45
Ryu Sangdon··················· OP3-3, OP5-5, OP15-2, OP17-2, OP17-4,
PP3-11, PP3-14, PP3-44, PP11-21, PP11-23,
PP11-24, PP11-25, PP11-26
Ryu Seoung Woo················································ PP11-5
Ryu Younchul··························· PP3-20, PP3-21, PP3-22

S

Sa SJ······················································· PP1-51, PP1-52
Sa Soo Jin···························································· PP9-15

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

Sa Soojin··················· PP1-12, PP1-19, PP7-26, PP10-10
Saeed Munazza··················································· OP3-5
Sahar Amna············································ OP15-3, PP3-3
Sahoo Sthitaprajna············································· PP9-73
Sakchai Ruenphet················································· PP8-7
Salazar Vina························································· OP1-3
Salces Agapita······················································· YC4-4
Salisi Mohd Shahrom··········································· OP6-4
Salma CW ···························································· YC3-1
Sampath Vetriselvi········ OP1-4, PP1-23, PP1-39, PP1-40
Samsudin Anjas Asmara····································· PP1-81
San Andres Emeren············································· OP8-5
San andres Joice················································· PP4-14
Sangkate Molarat································· OP10-1, PP7-23
Sarbani Biswas···················································· PP1-24
Sari Aprilianna Putri Zahara Nafsina Luvita··························································· PP9-90, PP9-99
Sari Sri Ratna························································ PP1-3
Sarmago Ione········································· OP3-2, PP3-45
Sasaki Ayana······················································· PP7-35
Sasongko Heru···················································· PP9-99
Sato Fuka···························································· PP7-36
Sato Kaoru···························································· PP5-7
Sawasdee Anuchart······························ OP14-1, OP14-2
Scandolo Daniel··································· PP7-30, PP10-20
Schmidt Signe T················································ PP10-17
Seo Dongoh························································ PP1-13
Seo Dongwon·························· PP9-41, PP9-55, PP9-95
Seo Gil Jong························································ PP9-88
Seo Heewon··············································· IS5-1, PS6-1
Seo Hyunseok····················································· PP3-30
Seo Inhye···························································· PP9-95
Seo Jakyeom······ OP8-4, OP14-4, PP1-66, PP2-28, PP2-30, PP2-36,
PP2-37, PP2-49, PP2-51, PP2-54, PP2-59
Seo Jeongwoo······································· PP9-92, PP9-97
Seo Jin-Kyu················· PP3-50, PP3-58, PP3-59, PP3-62
Seo Jong Hwan··················································· PP2-12
Seo Kangmin··············· PP1-7, PP1-58, PP1-59, PP11-31
Seo Kwang Won································· PP11-12, PP11-16
Seo Myeong Ji········································ PP2-24, PP4-18

Seo Seongwon················· OP14-4, PP2-36, PP2-37, PP2-38, PP2-52,
PP2-53, PP6-24, PP11-17, SC2-1
Seo Seong-Won·················································· PP2-57
Seo Si Young······················································· PP6-56
Seo Siyoung························································ PP6-46
Seo Yeon-Beom·················································· PP6-11
Seo Young-Jun··················································· OP21-1
Seok Woo Jeong················································· PP1-39
Seol Kuk-Hwan······ PP3-34, PP3-35, PP3-37, PP3-43, PP3-55, PP3-57
Seon Hyeonsu············ PP2-1, PP2-2, PP2-6, PP2-34, PP2-42, PP2-44
Seon Youngjun···················································· PP4-36
Seong Ha Seung·················································· PP9-15
Seong Pil Nam···················································· PP1-76
Seong Pilnam··················· PP2-15, PP2-32, PP2-33, PP6-10, PP6-38
Seonwoo Hoon··················································· PP6-14
Sernande Kareen Rae································· OP1-3, OP19-5, PP1-95, PP1-96
Sevilla Cesar······················································· OP14-3
Shaat Ihab···························································· OP8-3
Shakeel Muhammad············································· PP8-1
Shambhvi Shambhvi············································· SC1-4
Shan Nawarathne Mudiyanselage········· PP1-21, PP1-22
Shanmugam Sureshkumar······················ OP1-4, PP1-39
Sharanagouda B················································· PP10-4
Sharma Neelesh·················································· OP9-2
Sheet Sunirmal··················································· PP8-35
Shim Ji Hyeon····················································· PP9-65
Shim kwanseob······················· PP8-17, PP8-46, PP11-3
Shim SoYeon······················································· PP9-60
Shin Beom-Jin····················································· PP7-43
Shin Dongeun········································ PP2-51, PP2-59
Shin Donghyun···································· PP9-73, PP11-34
Shin Dong-Jin····························· OP15-5, PP3-60, YC2-5
Shin Dongyun····················································· PP7-31
Shin Dong-Yun···················································· PP7-34
Shin Haewon········································· PP1-56, PP1-61
Shin Hye-Kyoung················································· PP1-29

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Shin Hyekyung···················································· PP1-46
Shin Hye-Kyung··················································· PP1-47
Shin Hyeonuk········································· OP22-3, PP5-4
Shin Jaehyeong··················································· PP6-60
Shin Jeong Seop·················································· PP2-74
Shin Jeong-Tae························· PP5-13, PP9-36, PP9-44
Shin Jinho··················· PP1-80, PP6-43, PP6-51, PP6-65
Shin Jong Suh··························· PP2-19, PP2-41, PP2-18
Shin Jongsuh··················· PP2-20, PP2-21, PP2-22, PP2-23, PP2-67
Shin Ka Bin·························································· PP9-12
Shin Kabin····················· PP9-9, PP9-10, PP9-11, PP9-13
Shin Kwon Sup······················································ PP6-5
Shin Minyong······················································ PP6-52
Shin Mooncheol···································· PP6-12, PP6-68
Shin Moon-Cheol························· PP9-5, PP9-8, PP9-14
Shin Sangmin········································· PP6-12, PP6-68
Shin Sang-Min···················································· PP9-56
Shin Seung Hee·························· OP4-1, PP7-39, PP7-43
Shin Seung Pyo··················································· PP8-28
Shin Seung Uk····················································· PP2-41
Shin Seungpyo··················································· OP11-6
Shin SP································································ PP8-27
Shin Yourim······································· PP11-14, PP11-19
Shin Yun Ji··························································· PP9-46
Shin Yu-Rim······················································ PP11-10
Shine Htet Aung···································· PP3-16, PP3-38
Shishido Tetsuro················································· PP4-25
Shishido Teturo····················································· PP5-7
Shishir Md Safiqur Rahaman····························· OP20-5
SHMP Wimalasena··········································· PP10-12
Shurson Gerald C.··············································· PP1-38
Sila-on Daorung················································· OP17-1
Silva Pradeepa····················································· OP6-2
Sim Eunchong····················································· PP2-47
Sim Seunghyeun············ PP2-1, PP2-2, PP2-6, PP2-34, PP2-42, PP2-44
Sirisopapong Merisa············································ OP1-6
Sitaresmi Pradita Iustitia······································· PP7-2
Sjofjan Osfar························································· PP1-3
Smith Melani······················································· OP8-3

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Snag Min Kyu······················································ PP2-56
So Jae-Rung························································ PP8-38
Soesanto Iman Rahayu Hidayati············································· PP3-52, PP3-54, PP3-56
Sohn Seahawn····················· PP9-12, PP9-9, PP9-10, PP9-11, PP9-13
Somasundaram Prathap··································· PP11-15
Son A-Rang············································ PP2-26, PP2-27
Son Gi Hwal··········································· PP2-19, PP2-41
Son Gihwal······ PP2-18, PP2-20, PP2-21, PP2-22, PP2-23, PP2-67
Son Jeonghyeon························ OP7-6, PP1-70, PP1-79
Son Jeounghyeon··············································· PP1-74
Son Ji Hyun······························ PP9-29, PP9-30, PP9-31
Son Ji Seon···························································· PP5-9
Son Jihyun············································· PP9-79, PP9-80
Son Jiseon································· PP1-29, PP1-47, PP1-83, PP5-1,
PP5-2, PP5-5, PP10-11
Son Ju-Hwan······················································· PP9-47
Son Junkyu·························································· PP7-11
Son Jun-Kyu··········································· PP7-14, PP8-13
Son Kyuyeol······················································· OP21-5
Son Seungwoo···················································· PP9-73
Son Young-Ok························ PP8-34, PP8-43, PP11-33
Son Young-Wook················································ PP6-11
Song Dongcheol······································ OP22-4, PP1-4
Song Dong-Heon········ PP3-37, PP3-43, PP3-55, PP3-57
Song Hyeon A······································· OP11-2, PP1-87
Song Hyeongjun················································· PP9-92
Song Hyungjun··················································· PP9-74
Song Hyun-Ha····················································· PP6-11
Song HyunJin······················································ PP9-60
Song Jae Yong···························· PP2-7, PP2-19, PP2-64
Song Jaeyong····· PP2-20, PP2-21, PP2-22, PP2-23, PP2-44, PP2-51,
PP2-54, PP2-58, PP2-59, PP2-68, PP6-10
Song Jaeyoung···················································· PP2-18
Song Ji Hoon························································· YC3-3
Song Jun Ho························································ PP1-23
Song Ki-Duk················ OP18-5, PP8-37, PP8-38, PP8-41

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science CongressSong Min Ho······················································· PP2-41
Song Minho········· IS2-2, OP19-1, PP1-4, PP1-13, PP1-14, PP1-15,
PP1-16, PP1-17, PP1-18, PP1-48, PP1-49,
PP2-18, PP2-20, PP2-22, PP2-23
Song Si-On·························································· PP8-51
Song Yoon Soo·············· OP7-6, PP1-72, PP1-73, PP1-75
Song Yubin·························································· PP5-16
Sorachakula Choke············································· PP1-36
Soundharrajan Ilavenil············· PP4-19, PP4-20, PP4-21
Soundrarajan Nagasundarapandian················· PP11-15
Srinual Orranee······································· PP1-20, SC1-2
Srithanasuwan Anyaphat······································· PP10-21, PP10-22, PP11-30
Sta Cruz Joy Christine········································· PP3-61
Su He-Chang············································ PP9-96, SC2-5
Su Shu Ping······························ PP1-90, PP1-92, PP1-93
Suharti Sri···························································· OP2-6
Sulabo Rommel························ IS2-1, OP1-3, OP7-1, OP13-4, PP1-95,
PP1-96, PP1-98, SC1-1
Sumantri Cece························· OP12-5, PP9-66, PP9-71
Sumiati Sumiati·················································· PP3-48
Sun Du Won························································ PP9-61
Sun Duwon························································· PP9-62
Sun Ming-Hong··················································· PP7-18
Sun Shao-Chen··················································· PP7-18
Sung Ahwon·········································· PP3-34, PP3-35
Sung Ha Guyn·························· PP2-12, PP2-13, PP2-14
Sung Kyung Il······························ PP4-27, PP4-28, SC3-2
Sung Kyungil·················· PP4-1, PP4-2, PP4-3, PP4-4, PP4-5, YC4-1
Sung Yeon-su······················································ PP3-40
Suresh Vinod·········································· OP8-6, OP20-4
Suriard Assawadet································ OP10-1, PP7-23
Suriyasathaporn Witaya······································· PP10-21, PP10-22, PP11-30
Suryati Tuti························································· PP3-48
Suyama Yoshihisa··············································· PP4-25

T

Tacon Philippe··················································· OP21-2
Tadeo Roseline···················································· OP4-5
Tae Jeong Choi···················································· PP9-24
Taesuji Machimaporn································ PP8-5, PP8-6
Tajudeen Habeeb··················· OP10-4, OP19-4, PP1-31
Takehumi Osawa················································ PP9-35
Takizawa Shuhei················································· PP4-25
Talipan Estela····················································· OP14-3
TAN Fa-Jui·························································· OP15-4
Tang Pin-Chi·········································· OP10-1, OP16-5
Tangtaweewipat Suchon························· PP7-23, SC1-2
Tanti Ariyani··········································· PP3-52, PP3-54
Tapia Angelo··········································· OP3-2, PP3-45
Tapingkae Wanaporn······························· PP1-20, SC1-2
Tarigan Andi························································ PP2-40
Tata Laorat························································ PP11-30
Tatehana Misako················································ PP7-36
Tedeschi Luis························································· PS7-1
Timoging Crison·········· PP1-28, PP1-41, PP4-17, PP6-17
Tissera ND····························································PP3-53
Tola Siriporn······················································· PP7-23
Tomioka Chinatsu··············································· PP7-35
Tosta M································································· PP2-8
Trinh Thi Bich Ngoc··········································· PP11-22
Triyannanto Endy················································ PP3-25
Truong Anh Duc··························· OP18-5, PP9-4, YC1-3
Tsai Ching-Wen····················································· SC4-2
Tseveen Khaliunaa·············································· PP9-93
Tsugami Yusaku······································ OP21-3, SC2-2
Tsukamura Hiroko·················································· IS5-2
Tu Ching-Fu························································· PP8-15
Tubalinal Gabriel Alexis···································· PP10-15

U

Uddin Muhammad Jasim··································· PP9-71
Uenoyama Yoshihisa·············································· IS5-2
U-krit Warittha··················································· PP7-23
Ulum Mukhamad Fakhrul··································· PP9-66

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Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Um KyungHawn·················································· PP2-21
Um Taeeun······························· PP9-83, PP9-84, PP9-86, PP9-87,
PP9-89, PP9-91, PP9-94
Umagiliya Maduki················································· PP3-2
Umam Ahmad···················································· PP3-49
Undan Jerwin····················································· PP4-14
Upadhaya Santi·················································· PP1-24
Upadhaya Santi Devi·········································· PP1-40
Urriola Pedro E.·················································· PP1-38
Usui Harui··························································· PP9-34
Utami Elma Rizki················································· PP3-25

V

Vaesna C····························································· PP5-17
Valdez Seth Vincent··········································· OP20-2
Valencia Raniel······································· OP4-3, PP7-29
Valiente Erwin··················································· OP24-3
Van Doan Hien······················································ SC1-2
Vasquez Robie······················································ YC3-3
Venturina Emma··················································· YC4-2
Vidal Geraldine··················································· PP1-98
Villanueva Marvin············································· PP10-15
Vogelzang Roos·················································· OP18-2
Vohobjonov Yuldashboy····································· PP5-10
Vong Pisey··························································· OP2-5
Vu Dinh Ton··········································· PP9-3, PP10-13
Vu Thi Hao····················· OP18-5, OP18-6, PP9-4, YC1-3

W

Wahid Sumaya Tanzin········································· PP1-40
Wang Chang-Sheng······························ OP14-1, OP14-2
Wang Chien-Kai················································· OP10-1
Wang Junho························································ PP2-30
Wang Li Li·················································· PP4-6, PP4-7
Wang Lili························· PP4-8, PP4-9, PP4-10, PP4-11
Wang Pei-Hwa········································ OP18-4, SC2-5
Wang Xing·············································· OP5-4, OP17-3
Wang Yanqing········································ PP1-88, PP6-60

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l Anim Biosci 35 (Suppl. 1)

Wangkahart Eakapol············································· PP1-1
Wan-Nor Fitri························································ PP9-2
Warmadewi Dewi Ayu········································· OP2-6
Watanabe Momoka············································ PP9-34
Weng Chi-Hong·················································· PP8-15
Whang Kwang-Youn··········································· OP17-5
Wi Hayeon······························· PP8-20, PP8-25, PP8-47
Wi Jisoo········· PP2-15, PP2-33, PP6-10, PP6-38, PP6-43
Widayati Diah Tri·················································· PP7-2
Wijesooriya Mudhiyanselage
Nadeema Dissanayake···································· PP7-10
Wimalasena SHMP················ PP10-5, PP10-7, PP10-14
Wiryawan I Komang············································ OP2-6
Woju Chernet········································· OP8-6, OP20-4
Won Ga Yeong···················································· PP9-29
Won Hyeok-Jae··················································· PP9-44
Won Jeong Il···························· PP9-83, PP9-84, PP9-86
Won Jeongil··················· PP2-16, PP2-67, PP6-24, PP9-38, PP9-54
Won JI································································· PP7-22
Won KyeongHye················································· PP9-58
Won Miyoung··················································· PP11-11
Won Seung Yeon········· OP13-3, PP1-8, PP1-9, PP1-10, PP1-11, PP1-82
Woo Changhyun················································· PP3-32
Woo Jae Seok····················································· PP2-74
Woo Jaehoon······················································ PP4-26
Woo Junsik················································ PP2-3, PP2-4
Woo Saemee········································· PP6-46, PP6-50
Woo Saem-Ee············· PP6-25, PP6-28, PP6-34, PP6-56
Woo Seame························································ PP6-13
Woo Seung Je···················································· OP11-4
Wood Thomas······················································ PS4-2
Wu Chean Ping···················································· OP9-1
Wu Chean-Ping··················· OP2-2, OP13-5, OP22-1, PP1-68, PP8-11
Wu Guoyao··························································· PS6-1
Wulandari Zakiah················································ PP3-48

The 19th AAAP (Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production)
Animal Science Congress

X

Xing Wang························································ PP11-29
Xu Jia-Jun···························································· PP9-96
Xu Xiangyi·························································· OP19-2
Xuan Biao······································ OP5-1, OP9-5, SC4-5

Y

Yaakub Halimatun················································· YC3-1
Yachai Mongkol······································· PP1-20, SC1-2
Yama Punnawut···································· OP10-1, PP7-23
Yan Huei-Zhen······················································ SC3-1
Yang Byoungchul··································· PP6-12, PP6-68
Yang Byoung-Chul··········· PP9-5, PP9-8, PP9-14, PP9-56
Yang Cheolju····················································· PP10-26
Yang Chul Ju························································ PP2-27
Yang CJ································ OP9-3, OP13-6, OP22-2, PP5-17,
PP5-18, PP6-47, PP6-49
Yang Doo-Ha·········································· PP5-13, PP9-36
Yang Han-Sul··················· PP3-50, PP3-51, PP3-58, PP3-59, PP3-62
Yang Heon Yong·················································· PP6-55
Yang Heonyong··················································· PP6-45
Yang Hyeon············································ PP8-20, PP8-25
Yang Jeong-Jin······································· PP5-13, PP9-36
Yang Jiwon··········································· PP8-34, PP11-33
Yang Kangyoung··················································· PP6-4
Yang Kayoung······ PP6-26, PP6-27, PP6-29, PP6-30, PP6-31, PP6-32
Yang Naeun························································· PP8-55
Yang Seung Hak·········· PP4-29, PP4-30, PP4-31, PP4-32
Yang Seunghak······································ PP4-12, PP4-16
Yang Song Yi··········································· PP10-2, PP10-3
Yang Wen-Yuan··················································· PP1-26
Yani Ahmad············································ PP3-52, PP6-19
Yasona Ann Meredith········································· PP3-45
Yayota Masato······················································ SC1-3
Yeh Ting-Chen······················································· SC4-4
Yeo Joon-Mo························································· PP9-6

Yeon Sung-Mo···················································· PP6-20
Yi Jun Koo····························································· PP7-1
Yi Junkoo······································ PP1-55, PP6-4, PP7-7
Yi Seung-Won·························· PP10-5, PP10-6, PP10-7
Yi SW································································· PP10-14
Yi Young Joo························································ PP7-10
Yi Young-Joo··········································· OP16-3, PP7-6
Ymaguchi Shigeki················································ PP9-35
Ymazaki Takeshi·················································· PP9-35
Yokoyama Kana····················································· SC1-3
Yong Hae In················································ PP3-4, PP3-8
Yono Sidik···························································· OP2-6
Yoo Daekyum·············· PP1-66, PP2-28, PP2-30, PP2-54
Yoo Geum Zoo······················································ PP5-9
Yoo Inkyu················································· PP7-13, YC1-1
Yoo Jayeon·························································· PP3-46
Yoo Jeong Min···················································· PP11-6
Yoo JG································································· PP7-22
Yoo Jihyun································ PP6-12, PP6-68, PP9-56
Yoo Ji-Hyun·································· PP9-5, PP9-8, PP9-14
Yoo Seung Bin········································· OP7-6, PP1-75
Yoo SP································································· PP9-80
Yoon Duhak··········································· PP9-69, PP9-70
Yoon Ho Baek········································ PP9-16, PP9-19
Yoon Hobaek······················································ PP9-20
Yoon Ilkyu·············································· PP4-38, PP4-39
Yoon In-Rak························································· PP7-15
Yoon June Hyeok························ PP1-85, PP1-86, YC2-2
Yoon Jungwoong················································· PP8-21
Yoon Minjung················· PP5-14, PP5-16, PP7-9, PP8-1
Yoon Sang······································ PP2-1, PP2-2, PP2-6
Yoon Sangwon······················································ PP3-5
Yoon Seungwon·················································· PP8-43
Yoon Soon Uk····················································· PP6-55
Yoon Soonuk······················································· PP6-45
Yoon Weon Jong················································· PP2-46
Yoon Weon-Jong················································· PP2-57
Yoon Young-Man················································ PP6-23
Yoshida Kana························································ SC1-3
You Are-Sun··························· PP1-29, PP1-47, PP10-11
You Hyeongju······················································ PP8-16

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Youk Seungyeon···································· PP9-48, PP9-49
Yu A-Seon····························································· PP5-5
Yu Dae Jung························································ PP7-38
Yu DJ··································································· PP7-22
Yu Don Jo···························································· PP6-37
yu Jisuk······························································· PP9-75
Yu Ji-Suk······························································ PP9-58
YU Keesun························································ PP10-17
Yu MH···················································· PP1-21, PP1-22
Yu Myunghwan·························· OP7-3, PP1-27, PP5-10
Yu P······································································· PP2-8
Yu Peiqiang························································ OP20-3
Yu Seung Yeob···················································· PP11-5
Yu Yongsang························································ PP4-10
Yu Young Sang······················································ PP4-7
Yu Youngsang······························· PP4-8, PP4-9, PP4-11
Yuangklang Chalermpon····································· PP2-45
Yudhananda Akbanugra···································· OP12-5
Yuh Blendeu Sinchang·········································· PP6-1
Yulistiani Dwi······················································ PP2-40
Yun Cheol-Heui······································ PS7-2, PP10-17
Yun HH··················································· PP1-21, PP1-22
Yun Hyeon Ho······················································ OP1-1
Yun Jinhyeon··································· OP22-3, OP22-5, PS4-1, PP5-3,
PP5-4, PP5-6, PP5-20
Yun Ji-Won·························································· PP1-67
Yun Seokjoon······················································ PP2-22
Yun Seung Hyeon························· OP23-5, PP8-4, SC2-4
Yun Suk Jun························································· PP2-19
Yun Sukjun······ PP2-18, PP2-20, PP2-23, PP2-44, PP2-54, PP2-58
Yun Sungjo·························································· PP7-16
Yun Yeon Seo························································ PP5-2
Yun Yeongsik······················································· PP2-47
Yun Yeonseo·········································· PP1-29, PP1-83
Yun Yeon-Seo··········································· PP1-47, PP5-1
Yunita Citra························································· PP3-49
Yusup Sopian······················································· OP1-5

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Zainuddin Nurafiqah Najwa································ PP1-81
Zhang Qianqian···················································· YC3-3
Zhao Yue······························································· PP1-6
Zhao Zhi-Hui························································· PP1-6
Zhong Ronghen················································· OP20-5
Zhou Dongjie······························· OP4-4, PP7-21, YC1-2
Zhuang Di-Pai······················································· PP1-6
Zulkifli Idrus·························································· PP9-1
Zulkifly Shahrizim················································ OP6-4
Zuo Qi-Sheng······················································ PP7-19