EEAPVPF

TG/PEPPERORIGINAL: English
DATE: 2013-07-03

EAST ASIA PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION FORUM

PEPPER(Capsicum annuum L.)

GUIDELINESFOR THE CONDUCT OF TESTSFOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY

Alternative Names:
Botanical nameEnglishCapsicum annuum L.

Sweet Pepper, Hot Pepper,
Paprika, Chili

The purpose of these guidelines (“Test Guidelines”) is to fulfill the activities under the EAPVPForum on harmonization of Test Guidelines.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.
2.
3.

PAGE

SUBJECT OF THESE TEST GUIDELINES .................................................................................................. 3
MATERIAL REQUIRED ............................................................................................................................... 3
METHOD OF EXAMINATION ..................................................................................................................... 3
3.1 Number of Growing Cycles .................................................................................................................... 3
3.2 Testing Place ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3.3 Conditions for Conducting the Examination ........................................................................................... 3
3.4 Test Design ............................................................................................................................................. 4
3.5 Number of Plants / Parts of Plants to be Examined................................................................................. 4
3.6 Additional Tests ...................................................................................................................................... 4
4. ASSESSMENT OF DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY ................................................... 4
4.1 Distinctness ............................................................................................................................................. 4
4.2 Uniformity ............................................................................................................................................... 5
4.3 Stability ................................................................................................................................................... 5
5. GROUPING OF VARIETIES AND ORGANIZATION OF THE GROWING TRIAL................................. 5
6. INTRODUCTION TO THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................... 6
6.1 Categories of Characteristics................................................................................................................... 6
6.2 States of Expression and Corresponding Notes....................................................................................... 6
6.3 Types of Expression ................................................................................................................................ 6
6.4 Example Varieties ................................................................................................................................... 6
6.5 Legend..................................................................................................................................................... 7
7. TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS/TABLEAU DESCARACTÈRES/MERKMALSTABELLE/TABLA DE CARACTERES....................................................... 8
8. EXPLANATIONS ON THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................ 14
8.1 Explanations covering several characteristics ....................................................................................... 14
8.2 Explanations for individual characteristics ........................................................................................... 14
9. LITERATURE .............................................................................................................................................. 33
10. TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE................................................................................................................ 36

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1.

Subject of these Test Guidelines
These Test Guidelines apply to all varieties of Capsicum annuum L.

2.

Material Required

2.1
The competent authorities decide on the quantity and quality of the plant material
required for testing the variety and when and where it is to be delivered. Applicants
submitting material from a State other than that in which the testing takes place must ensurethat all customs formalities and phytosanitary requirements are complied with.
2.2

The material is to be supplied in the form of seed.

2.3

The minimum quantity of plant material, to be supplied by the applicant, should be:
2,500 seeds.

2.4
The seed should meet the minimum requirements for germination, species andanalytical purity, health and moisture content, specified by the competent authority.
2.5
The plant material supplied should be visibly healthy, not lacking in vigor, noraffected by any important pest or disease.
2.6
The plant material should not have undergone any treatment which would affect theexpression of the characteristics of the variety, unless the competent authorities allow orrequest such treatment. If it has been treated, full details of the treatment must be given.

3.

Method of Examination

3.1

Number of Growing Cycles
The minimum duration of tests should normally be two independent growing cycles.

3.2

Testing Place

Tests are normally conducted at one place. In the case of tests conducted at more than
one place, guidance is provided in TGP/9 “Examining Distinctness”.
3.3

Conditions for Conducting the Examination

3.3.1 The tests should be carried out under conditions ensuring satisfactory growth for the
expression of the relevant characteristics of the variety and for the conduct of the examination.
3.3.2 The recommended method of observing the characteristic is indicated by the following
key in the second column of the Table of Characteristics:
MG: single measurement of a group of plants or parts of plants
MS: measurement of a number of individual plants or parts of plants
VG: visual assessment by a single observation of a group of plants or parts of plants

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3.4

Test Design

3.4.1 Each test should be designed to result in a total of at least 20 plants which should be
divided between 2 replicates.
3.4.2 The design of the tests should be such that plants or parts of plants may be removed
for measurement or counting without prejudice to the observations which must be made up to
the end of the growing cycle.
3.5

Number of Plants / Parts of Plants to be Examined

Unless otherwise indicated, all observations should be made on 20 plants or partstaken from each of 20 plants.
3.6

Additional Tests
Additional tests, for examining relevant characteristics, may be established.

4.

Assessment of Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability

4.1

Distinctness
4.1.1 General Recommendations

It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to consult the General
Introduction prior to making decisions regarding distinctness. However, the following points
are provided for elaboration or emphasis in these Test Guidelines.
4.1.2 Consistent Differences
The differences observed between varieties may be so clear that more than one
growing cycle is not necessary. In addition, in some circumstances, the influence of theenvironment is not such that more than a single growing cycle is required to provide
assurance that the differences observed between varieties are sufficiently consistent. One
means of ensuring that a difference in a characteristic, observed in a growing trial, issufficiently consistent is to examine the characteristic in at least two independent growing
cycles.
4.1.3 Clear Differences
Determining whether a difference between two varieties is clear depends on manyfactors, and should consider, in particular, the type of expression of the characteristic being
examined, i.e. whether it is expressed in a qualitative, quantitative, or pseudo-qualitative
manner. Therefore, it is important that users of these Test Guidelines are familiar with therecommendations contained in the UPOV document TG/1/3 “General Introduction” prior to
making decisions regarding distinctness.

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4.2

Uniformity

4.2.1 It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to consult the General
Introduction prior to making decisions regarding uniformity. However, the following points
are provided for elaboration or emphasis in these Test Guidelines:
4.2.2 For the assessment of uniformity of cross-pollinated varieties, a population standard of
2% and an acceptance probability of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample
size of 20 plants, 2 off-types are allowed.
4.2.3 For the assessment of uniformity of hybrids, a population standard of 1% and an
acceptance probability of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample size of
20 plants, 1 off-type is allowed.
4.3

Stability

4.3.1 In practice, it is not usual to perform tests of stability that produce results as certain as
those of the testing of distinctness and uniformity. However, experience has demonstrated
that, for many types of variety, when a variety has been shown to be uniform, it can also be
considered to be stable.
4.3.2 Where appropriate, or in cases of doubt, stability may be tested, either by growing afurther generation, or by testing a new seed stock to ensure that it exhibits the samecharacteristics as those shown by the previous material supplied.

5.

Grouping of Varieties and Organization of the Growing Trial

5.1
The selection of varieties of common knowledge to be grown in the trial with thecandidate varieties and the way in which these varieties are divided into groups to facilitate
the assessment of distinctness are aided by the use of grouping characteristics.
5.2
Grouping characteristics are those in which the documented states of expression, even
where produced at different locations, can be used, either individually or in combination withother such characteristics: (a) to select varieties of common knowledge that can be excluded
from the growing trial used for examination of distinctness; and (b) to organize the growing
trial so that similar varieties are grouped together.
5.3

The following have been agreed as useful grouping characteristics:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)

Seedling: anthocyanin coloration of hypocotyl (characteristic 1)
Plant: shortened internode (in upper part) (characteristic 4)
Fruit: color (before maturity) (characteristic 21)
Fruit: attitude (characteristic 24)
Fruit: shape in longitudinal section (characteristic 28)
Fruit: color (at maturity) (characteristic 33)
Fruit: capsaicin in placenta (characteristic 45)
Resistance to Tobamovirus - Pathotype 0 (Tobacco MosaicVirus (0))(characteristic 48.1)
Resistance to Tobamovirus - Pathotype 1-2 (Tomato MosaicVirus (1-2))(characteristic 48.2)

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(j)
(k)

Resistance to Tobamovirus - Pathotype 1-2-3 (Pepper Mild Mottle Virus(1-2-3)) (characteristic 48.3)
Resistance to Potato Virus Y (PVY) - Pathotype 0 (characteristic 49.1)

5.4
Guidance for the use of grouping characteristics, in the process of examining
distinctness, is provided through the General Introduction.

6.

Introduction to the Table of Characteristics

6.1

Categories of Characteristics
6.1.1 Standard Test Guidelines Characteristics

Standard Test Guidelines characteristics are those which are approved by UPOV for
examination of DUS and from which members of the East Asia PVP Forum can select those
suitable for their particular circumstances.
6.1.2 Asterisked Characteristics
Asterisked characteristics (denoted by *) are those included in the Test Guidelines
which are important for the international harmonization of variety descriptions and should
always be examined for DUS and included in the variety description by all members of theUnion, except when the state of expression of a preceding characteristic or regional
environmental conditions render this inappropriate.
6.2

States of Expression and Corresponding Notes

States of expression are given for each characteristic to define the characteristic and toharmonize descriptions. Each state of expression is allocated a corresponding numerical notefor ease of recording of data and for the production and exchange of the description.
6.3

Types of Expression

An explanation of the types of expression of characteristics (qualitative, quantitativeand pseudo-qualitative) is provided in the UPOV document TG/1/3 “General Introduction”.
6.4

Example Varieties

Where appropriate, example varieties are provided to clarify the states of expression ofeach characteristic.

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6.5

Legend(*)

Asterisked characteristic – see Chapter 6.1.2

QL:
QN:
PQ:

Qualitative characteristic – see Chapter 6.3
Quantitative characteristic– see Chapter 6.3
Pseudo-qualitative characteristic – see Chapter 6.3

MG, MS, VG: See Chapter 3.3.2(a) and (b)(+)

See Explanations on the Table of Characteristics in Chapter 8.1

See Explanations on the Table of Characteristics in Chapter 8.2

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7.

Table of Characteristics
UPOV

EAPVP

Characteristics

1.
(*)
(+)
QL
2.
(+)
QN

1

VG

Seedling: anthocyanin coloration of
hypocotyl

2

VG

Plant: habit

Expression

Example Varieties

Noteabsentpresent

Laris (INA)
IPB Ungara (INA)

19

upright

IPB C9 (INA),
Bara, CT01P(MAS)
Krisna (INA),
Green Eagle 223(MAS)
Tanjung 2 (INA)

1

IPB Perisai (INA),
CT01P (MAS)
Seloka IPB (INA),
MC11 (MAS)
TM999 (INA)

31

present

Tombak (INA),
CT01P, MC11(MAS)
IPB 92(INA)

semi-uprightprostrate
3.
(+)
QN

3

VG

Plant : length of stem

short
medium
long

2

3

5
7

4.
(*)
(+)
QL

4

5.
(+)
QN

5

MS

Varieties with shortened internode only:
Plant: number of internodes between thefirst flower and shortened internodes

none
one to three
more than three

IPB 92 (INA)

1
2
3

6.
QN

6

MS/VG

Varieties without shortened internode:
Plant: length of internode (on thefirst branching of the main axis)

shortmediumIPB Perisai (INA)
Hot Beauty(INA),
CT01P, MC11
(MAS), Bara
Krida 9 (INA)
-

3
5

VG

Plant: shortened internode (in upper part)

absent

long

7.
(+)
QL

7

8.
(+)
QN

8

VG

Plant: anthocyanin coloration of nodes

very longabsentpresent

VG

Stem: intensity of anthocyanin
coloration of nodes

Green Eagle 223(MAS)
IPB Ungara (INA),
Bara, CT01P,
MC11 (MAS)9

VG

Stem: hairiness of nodes

10

VG/MS

11.
QN

11

MS/
VG

9
1
9

1

weak

3

medium

IPB 9, Tanjung 1(INA), CT01P,
MC11 (MAS)5strongIPB Ungara (INA)

7absent or very weak

weakmediumstrongvery strong
10.
(+)
QN

7

very weakvery strong
9.
(+)
QN

9

9
Tanjung 2 (INA),
CT01P, MC11
(MAS)
Jatilaba (INA)
IPB Perisai (INA)
IPB Ungara (INA)

1

3
5
7
9

Plant: heightvery short
short
mediumtallvery tall

Tanjung 2(INA)
Jatilaba (INA)
IPB CH3 (INA)
Biola (INA)
Krida 9 (INA)

1
3
5
7
9

Leaf : length of blade

very short
short
mediumGenie (INA)
Adipati (INA),

1
3
5

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03-9longvery long
12.
QN

12

MS/
VG

Leaf : width of blade

very narrow
narrow
mediumbroadvery broad
13.
QN

13

VG

Leaf : intensity of green color

very lightlight
mediumdarkvery dark
14

VG

Leaf: anthocyanin coloration

(+)
QL
14.
(+)
PQ

15.
(+)
QN

16.
(+)
QN

absentpresent

15

16

17

VG

VG

VG

Leaf: shape

Lanceolate

Leaf: undulation of margin

ovate
broad elliptic
very weak

Leaf : blistering

weak
mediumstrongvery strong
absent or very weak

weakmediumstrongvery strong
17.
(+)
QN

18

VG

Leaf: profile in cross section

strongly concave
moderatly concave

flat
moderatly convex
strongly convex
18.
QN

19

VG

Leaf: glossiness

absent or very weak

weakmediumstrongvery strong
19.
(*)
(+)
QN

(+)
QL

7
9

Kopay (INA)
IPB CH3 (INA),
Bara, CT01P,
MC11 (MAS)Tombak (INA)
Suniya (INA)1
3
5

SG Hot 99 (INA)
Genie (INA)
TM 999 (INA),
CT01P, MC11
(MAS)
Tanjung 1 (INA)
IPB Ungara (INA)

1
3
5Bara, CT01P,
MC11 (MAS)IPB Ungara (INA)1

TM 999 (INA),
Bara, CT01P,
MC11 (MAS)IPB Perisai (INA)
Genie (INA),
CT01P, MC11(MAS)
Gada (INA)
Krida 9 (INA)
TM 888 (INA),
CT01P, MC11(MAS)
IPB Perisai (INA)
-

1

7
9

7
9

9

2
3
1

3
5
7
9
1

3
5
7
9

IPB CH3 (INA)
Kresna (INA),
CT01P, MC11(MAS)
Biola (INA)-

1
3

IPB Perisai (INA),
CT01P, MC11(MAS)
IPB Perbani (INA)
-

1

Bara
Tanjung 2 (INA),
CT01P, MC11(MAS)
IPB Perbani (INA)
IPB Perisai (INA)
Adipati (INA)

1
2
3

5
7
9

3
5
7
9

20

VG

Flower: peduncle attitudeerectsemi-drooping
drooping

21

VG

Flower: stigma exsertion

below
same level
above

22

VG

Flower: anthocyanin coloration in antherabsentpresent

IPB Ungara (INA),
CT01P, MC11
(MAS)

1
9

23

VG

Flower: : anthocyanin coloration infilament

absentTanjung 1 (INA),
MC 11 (MAS)IPB Ungara (INA),

1

(+)
PQ
20.
(+)
QL

Bara, CT01P,
MC11 (MAS)
Tanamo (INA)
Edison (INA)

present

12
3

9

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2013-07-03- 10 CT01P, Green
Eagle 223 (MAS)24

VG

Flower: secondary color of corolla

25

VG
(a)

Fruit: color before maturity

(+)
QL
21.
(*)
(+)
PQ

absentat margin
at baseat margin and basegreenish white
yellowgreen

purple
22.
QN

26

VG
(a)

Fruit: intensity of color before maturity

very lightlight
mediumdarkvery dark
23.
(+)
QL

27

VG
(a)

Fruit: anthocyanin coloration

absentpresent

Adipati
IPB Ungara
IPB C4
Solok (MAS),
Bianca (INA)
Tanamo (INA),
CT01P, MC11(MAS)
IPB Ungara (INA)

1
2
3
4
1

IPB C9 (INA),
Solok (MAS)Bara
Tanjung 2 (INA),
CT01P (MAS)
Tanamo (INA),
Green Eagle 223(MAS)
IPB Ungara (INA)

1

Genie (INA),
CT01P , MC11(MAS)
IPB Ungara (INA)

1

2
3

4

3
5
7

9

9

24.
(*)
(+)
QN

28

VG
(b)

Fruit: attitude

erecthorizontal
drooping

Bara
Kopay (INA),
CT01P, MC11
(MAS)

1
2
3

25.
(+)
QN

29

VG/MS
(b)

Fruit: lengthvery short
short
mediumlong

Bara
IPB C9 (INA)
TM 888 (INA)
Tanamo (INA),
CT01P, MC11
(MAS)
Kopay (INA)

1
3
5
7

1
3

very broad

SG Hot 99 (INA)
TM 888 (INA),
Bara
Tombak (INA),
CT01P, MC11(MAS)
Bianca (INA),
Solok (MAS)
Edison (INA)very long
26.
QN

30

VG/MS
(b)

Fruit: diametervery narrow
narrow
medium

broad

27.
(*)

7
9

MS
(b)

Fruit: ratio length/diametervery small
small
mediumlarge
very large

Edison (INA)
Bianca (INA)
Tombak (INA)
SG Hot 99 (INA)
Kopay (INA)

1
3
5
7
9

32

VG
(b)

Fruit: shape in longitudinal section

oblatecircularcordatesquarerectangulartrapezoidal
moderately triangular

IPB Ungara (INA)
Edison (INA)
Bianca (INA)
Genie (INA), Solok
(MAS)
Bara
IPB Perisai (INA),
MC11 (MAS)Tombak (INA),
CT01P, Green
Eagle 223 (MAS)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

narrowly triangularhornshaped
linear

33
(+)

5

31

QN

28
(*)
(+)
PQ

9

VG

Fruit: twisting

AbsentPresent

Tombak
Kopay

8
9
10

1
9

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2013-07-03- 11 QL
29.

34

VG
(b)

Fruit: shape in cross section (at level ofplacenta)

PQ

30.
(+)
QN

Elliptic
angularcircular

35

VG
(b)

Fruit: sinuation of pericarp at basal part

absent or very weak

weakmediumstrongvery strong
31.

36

VG
(b)

Fruit: sinuation of pericarp excluding basal
part

(+)
QN

absent or very weak
weakmediumstrongvery strong
32.
(*)
QN

37

VG
(b)

Fruit: texture of surface

smooth or very slightly wrinkled

slightly wrinkled
strongly wrinkled

33.
(*)
(+)
PQ

34.
QN

38

39

VG
(b)

VG
(b)

Fruit: color at maturity

Fruit : intensity of color at maturity

yelloworange
red

brown
green
light
medium

dark
35.
(+)
QN

40

VG
(b)

Fruit: glossinessweak
mediumstrong

36
(*)
(+)
QL

41

37.
(+)
QN

42

VG
(b)

Fruit: stalk cavity

absentpresent

VG(b)

Fruit: depth of stalk cavity

shallow

deep

39.

43

44

VG
(b)

VG

Fruit: shape of apex

Fruit: depth of interloculary grooves

1

IPB Ungara (INA),
Bara, CT01P(MAS)
Tombak (INA)
SG Hot 99 (INA),
MC11, Solok(MAS)
Kopay (INA)
IPB Perisai (INA)

1

Bara, CT01P(MAS)
IPB CH3(INA),
MC11, Solok(MAS)
Tanjung 1 (INA)
TM 999 (INA)
IPB Perisai (INA)

1

Hot Beauty (INA),
Bara, CT01P(MAS)
TM 888 (INA),
MC11 (MAS)
Kopay (INA),
Solok (MAS)1

Suniya (INA)
Magno (INA)
Tombak (INA),
MC11, CT01P(MAS)
Tequila (INA)
Bara, Solok (MAS)
Tanjung 2 (INA),
MC11, CT01P(MAS)
IPB Ungara (INA)

1
2
3

IPB Perisai (INA),
CT01P (MAS)
Kopay (INA),
MC11 (MAS)
Gada (INA)

3

Tombak (INA),
CT01P (MAS)IPB Perisai (INA),
MC11, Solok
(MAS)

1

very shallow

medium38.
(+)
PQ

Krida 9 (INA),
MC11 (MAS)IPB Perisai (INA)
Adipati (INA),
Bara, Green Eagle
223 (MAS)

very deep
very acutemoderately acute

2
3

3
5

7
9

3

5
7
9

2
3

4
5
3
5

7

5
7

9

1
Adipati (INA),
MC11 (MAS)IPB Perisai (INA),
Solok (MAS)Suniya (INA)

roundedmoderately depressedvery depressed

Kopay (INA)
Adipati (INA),
CT01P, MC11(MAS)
Tombak (INA)
IPB Ungara (INA)
Suniya (INA)

absent or very shallow

Tombak, IPB

3
5
7
9
1
2

3
4
5
1

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 12 (+)
QN(b)

shallow
medium
deep
40.
(*)
(+)
QN

45

41.
(*)
QN

46

MG
(b)

Fruit: number of locules

predominantly two

equally two and three
predominantly threeequally three and four
predominantly four and more
VG
(b)

Fruit: thickness of flesh

very thin
thin
mediumthickvery thick
42.

47

VG/MS
(b)

Stalk: lengthvery short
short

QN
mediumlongvery long
43.

48

VG/MS
(b)

Stalk: thickness

QN

Perisai (INA),
CT01P, MC11(MAS)
Edison, Bianca(INA)
Magno (INA)
Tequila (INA)

3
5
7

Gada (INA),
CT01P, MC11
(MAS)
Tanjung 1(INA)
Edison (INA)1

TM 999 (INA)
Tanamo (INA),
Bara
Tanjung 1 (INA),
CT01P, MC11(MAS)
Bianca (INA)
Edison (INA)

1
3

IPB Perisai (INA),
Solok (MAS)
Kresna (INA),
CT01P (MAS)
Krida 9 (INA)
Kopay (INA)

13very thin

2
3
4
5

5

7
9

5
7
9
1

thin

Laris (INA), Bara

3

mediumTombak (INA),
MC11, Green
Eagle 223 (MAS)

5

thick

Edison (INA)

7very thick
non enveloping
enveloping

49

VG
(b)

Calyx: aspect

45
(*)
(+)
QL

50

VG
(b)

Fruit: capsaicin in placenta
Add explanation: it’s only observed theplacenta

absentpresent

Edison (INA)
Bara, CT01P,
MC11 (MAS)

1
9

51

MG
(b)

Fruit: For varieties with capsaicin inplacenta present only: intensity ofcapsaicin

weak
medium1
2

strongIPB Perisai (INA)
Tombak (INA),
CT01P, MC11
(MAS)
Bara

(+)
QN

Suniya (INA)
Krida 9 (INA),
CT01P, MC11
(MAS)

9
1
2

44.
(+)
QL

3

46.
(+)
QN

52

MS

Time of beginning of flowering (firstflower on second flowering node

earlymediumlate

IPB 92 (INA)
IPB CH3 (INA)
Tombak (INA)

3
5
7

47.
(+)
QN

53

VG

Time of maturity

very early
earlymediumlatevery late

IPB 92 (INA)
Tanjung 2 (INA)
IPB CH3 (INA)
Hot Bauty (INA)
Tombak (INA)

1
3
5
7
9

48.
(+)
QL
48.1
(+)
QL
48.2
(+)

54

Resistance to Tobamo Virus (TMV)

absentpresent

54.1

Pathotype 0 (Tobacco Mosaic Virus (0))

absentpresent

1
9

54.2

Pathotype 1-2 (Tobacco Mosaic Virus (12))

absentpresent

1
9

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2013-07-03- 13 QL
48.3
(+)
QL
49.
(+)
QL
49.1
QL

54.3

Pathotype 1-2-3 (Pepper Mild Mottle
Virus (1-2-3))

absentpresent

55

Resistance to Potato Virus Y (PVY)

absentpresent

55.1

Pathotype 0

absentpresent

1
9

49.2
QL

55.2

Pathotype 1

absentpresent

1
9

49.3
QL

55.3

Pathotype 1-2

absentpresent

1
9

50.
(+)
QL
51.
(+)
QL
52.
(+)
QL
53.
(+)
QL

56

Resistance to Phytophthora capsici

absentpresent

1
957

Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus(CMV)

absentpresent

1
958

Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus(TSWV)

absentpresent

1
959

Resistance to Xanthomonas Campestris
Virus pv. vesicatoria

absentpresent19Note: The set of example variety is identified by the country code where the set is coming from1
9

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 14 -

8.

Explanations on the Table of Characteristics

8.1

Explanations covering several characteristics

Characteristics containing the following key in the second column of the Table ofCharacteristics should be examined as indicated below:

8.2

(a)

Fruit characteristics which should be examined before maturity, i.e. before thefirst color change(b)Fruit characteristics which should be examined at maturity, i.e. after the time of
the first color change

Explanations for individual characteristics

Ad. 1. Seedling: Anthocianin coloration of hypocotyls

A

A

1

1

1
absent9present

Ad.2: Plant: habit

Ad.3: Plant: Length of stem
The length of the stem is measured from the cotyledons to the first flower branch.

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 15 -

Ad. 4: Plant: shortened internode (in upper part)
Ad. 5: Varieties with shortened internodes only: Plant: number of internodes between thefirst flower and shortened internodes
The tests should be done on plants which have not been pruned. The shoot system of
pepper consists of main stems, which are branched off from the main axis and side shoots.
Two growth types of the main stems can be distinguished:
Growth type A: the main stems grow indeterminately; one or two flowers develop per
node and shortened internodes never develop.
Growth type B: after the first branching of the main axis, shorter internodes appear
and the growth of the main stem ends in a bunch of flowers (it appears as if there are morethan two flowers per node).
Side shoots develop from the nodes on the main axis and on the main stems.

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 16 -

Ad. 7. Plant: Anthocyanin coloration of nodes

Ad.8. Stem: intensity of anthocyanin coloration of nodes

Ad. 9. Stem: hairiness of nodes

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 17 -

Ad. 10: Plant: height
To be observed after a fruit set on several nodes. Poor fruit set may influence the vigor
and thus the height of the plant.
Ad. 14. Leaf: anthocyanin coloration

Ad. 15: Leaf: shapeTG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 18 -

Ad. 16. Leaf: undulation of margin

Ad. 18: Leaf: profile in cross section

13strongly concave moderately concave

5
flat

7
moderately convex

9strongly convex

Ad. 20: Peduncle: attitude

1
erect

2
semi-drooping

3
drooping

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 19 -

Ad. 21. Flower: Stigma exsertion

Ad. 22: Flower: Anthocyanin coloration in antherAd. 23: Flower: Anthocyanin coloration on filament

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 20 -

Ad. 24: Flower: secondary color of corolla

Ad. 25. Fruit : Color before maturity

27. Fruit : Anthocyanin Coloration

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 21 -

Ad. 28. Fruit : Attitude

Ad 29. Fruit: length

Ad. 32: Fruit: shape in longitudinal section

1
oblate2
circular3
cordateTG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 22 -

4square7
moderately triangular5
rectangular8narrowly triangular

Ad. 35: Fruit: sinuation of pericarp at basal part

6
trapezoidal

9hornshaped

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 23 -

Ad. 36: Fruit: sinuation of pericarp excluding basal part1
absent or very
weak

3
weak

7
strongAd. 38. Fruit : Color at maturity

5
medium9very strong

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 24 -

Ad. 40. Fruit : Glossiness

Ad. 41. Fruit : Stalk cavity

Ad. 42. Fruit: depth of stalk cavity

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 25 -

Ad. 43. Fruit : Shape of apex

Ad. 44: Fruit: depth of interloculary grooves
To be observed in the middle part of the fruit.

Ad. 45. Fruit : Fruit: number of locules

Ad. 44: Calyx: aspect

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 26 -

Ad. 50: Fruit: capsaicin in placenta
The Intensity of capsaicin is observed by tasting the placenta at the third part from thebase, in compare with example variety.
Ad. 52. Time of beginning of flowering
Time of beginning of flowering is reached when 50% populations produce fully open flower.
Ad. 53. Time of maturity
Maturity is reached when 50% of the populations completely change to the final color (ripecolor).

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 27 -

Ad. 48: Resistance to Tobamovirus
Maintenance of pathotypes
Type of medium:On plants or dehydrated leaves (in deep-freezer or method BOS)

Special conditions:Regeneration of the virus on plant material before inoculum
preparation

Execution of test
Growth stage of plants:

When cotyledons are fully developed or at “first leaf” stage

Temperature:

20-25C

Growing method:

Sowing and raising of seedlings in boxes or soil blocks inglasshouse

Method of inoculation:

Rubbing of cotyledons with a virus suspension

Duration of test
- Sowing to inoculation: 10 to 15 days
- Inoculation to reading: 10 days
Number of plants tested: 15 to 30 plants
Genetics of virus pathotypes and resistant genotypes:
The genetic resistance to Tobamoviruses is controlled by 5 alleles located on the same
locus. The table below shows the relationship between virus pathotypes and resistancegenotypes:
Pepper Genotype reactions to Tobamovirus Pathotypes
Virus:
Strain:Genotype / mark
L-LL1L1
L3L3
L4L4

Legend:

S=
R=
TMV =
ToMV =
PMMoV =

TMV
U1
FeldmanP0

Pepper Tobamovirus Pathotypes
ToMV
P11
Obuda Pepper Mosaic Virus
P1-2

PMMoV
P14
Samsun latens
P1-2-3

S

S

S

R

S

S

R

R

S

R

R

R

susceptible
resistant
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
Tomato Mosaic Virus
Pepper Mild Mottle Virus

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 28 -

Ad. 49: Resistance to Potato Virus Y (PVY)
Maintenance of pathotypes
Type of medium:On susceptible plants

Special conditions:

For the strain PVY(0): use the line TO72(A)For the strain PVY(1): use the line Sicile 15
For the strain PVY(1-2): use the line SON41

Execution of test
Growth stage of plants:

Young plants at the stage of developed cotyledons first pointing leaf

Temperature:

18-25C

Growing method:

Raising of plants in glasshouse

Method of inoculation:

Rubbing of cotyledons with a virus solution
Composition of the solution:
inoculum: 4 ml extraction solution for 1 g infected leaves +80 g activated carbon + 80 mg carborundum;
extraction solution:buffer solution diluted 1/20 with
0.2% diethyl dithiocaremate of sodium (DIECA);
buffer solution: (for 100 ml sterile water) 10.8 g NA2HPO4+ 1.18 g K2HPO4 at pH 7.1-7.2

Duration of test
Sowing to inoculation:

10 to 15 days

Inoculation to reading:

3 weeks (2 weeks minimum, 4 weeks maximum)

Number of plants tested:

60 plants

Remarks: The test should not be conducted at high temperatures.
Standard varieties:
Sensitive varieties:

Pathotype 0
Yolo Wonder

Pathotype 1
Yolo Wonder,
Yolo Y

Resistant varieties:

Yolo Y

Florida VR2* Florida VR2 can exhibit diffused and very late symptoms.

Pathotype 1-2
Florida VR2,*
Yolo Wonder,
Yolo Y
Serrano Criollo deMorenosTG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 29 -

Ad. 50: Resistance to Phytophthora capsici
Scoring must be carried out under conditions of controlled infection:
Maintenance of inoculum
Inoculum and type of medium: Phytophthora capsici strain 101, to be cultivated on
V8 juice-agar (1%) in Petri’s dishes.
Conduct of test
Growth stage of plants:

around eight-week old plants, grown in greenhouse(stage: first flower bud)Temperature:

22°C

Light:

12 hours/day

Method of inoculation:

Plants are cut just below the point of first branching. A discof mycelium of 4 mm-diameter should be used as inoculum.
The disc is placed on the freshly cut stem. The top of thestem is wrapped with a piece of aluminium foil, to keep it
wet. Infected plants are transferred to a growth chamber kept
at 22°C.

Duration of test:
From sowing to inoculation:

between 6 and 8 weeks

From inoculation to scoring:first scoring:
second scoring:
final scoring:Number of plants tested:

20 plants

Scoring:

The length of necrosis on the stem, induced by the fungus
development, is recorded once a week during 3 weeks, oneach plant. The aluminium foil on the top of the stem should
be removed 7 days after the inoculation. The first reading
should take place immediately after the removal of thealuminium foil. Subsequent scoring should be made on the
14th and 21st day counting from the day of inoculation. The
distance (in mm) between the lowest point reached by thenecrosis and the top of the stem should be recorded.

Standard varieties:

Susceptible: Yolo Wonder
Resistant: Chistera, Favolor, Solario, Phyo 636 (given in theorder of their level of resistance)

7 days14 days
21 daysTG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 30 -

Ad. 51: Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV)
Maintenance of pathotypes
Strain:FultonType of medium:On susceptible plants: Vinca rosea

Special conditions:-Inoculum production:

Crushing of 1g of fresh leaves of Vinca rosea in 4 ml of
Phosphate buffer 0.03M pH 7 + DIECA (diethyl dithiocaremate
de sodium) (1 for 1000) + 300 mg of activated carbon + 80 mg
of carborundum

Execution of test:
Growth stage of plants:

Young plants at the stage of developed cotyledons. First leaf
non pointing

Number of plants:

50 plants

Growing conditions:22C, 12 hours of light

Growing method:

Raising of plants in climatised room

Method of inoculation:

Mechanical rubbing of cotyledons with a virus solution, theplants are kept in darkness for 48 hours

Duration of test:
From sowing to inoculation:

12 to 13 days

From inoculation to reading: 3 readings at 10, 15 and 21 days after inoculation
Standard varieties:
Susceptible variety:

Yolo Wonder

Tolerant (T) or resistant (R) Milord (T)varieties:
Vania (R)TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 31 -

Ad. 52: Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV)
Maintenance of patothypes:
Type of medium:

Pepper fruit in deep-freezer (-70 oC)

Special condition:

Regeneration of the virus on Nicotiana rustica or Nicotiana
benthamiana plants before inoculation

Execution of test:
Growth stage of the plants: Two leaves expanded
Temperature:

20 - 22 oC

Light:

Extra light in winterGrowing method:

Sowing in greenhouse

Method of inoculation:

Mechanical, rubbing on cotyledons, inoculum suspension 10 oC

Duration of test:from sowing to inoculation:from inoculation to reading:

20 days
14 daysNumber of tested plants: 20 plants
Standard varieties.
Susceptible:

LamuyoResistant:

Galileo, Jackal, Jackpot

Ad. 53: Resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria
Maintenance of pathotypes
Type of medium:

PDA (Potato, Dextrose, Agar ) medium

Special conditions:48 hours Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria
culture. Adjusting inoculum concentration of bacteria-cellular 107 .
Execution of test
Growth stage of plants:

6th to 8th true leaves

Temperature:

24 C night, 25C day

Relative humidity:80%

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 32 -

Light:

30 000 lx, day length 16 hours

Growing method:

Sowing in boxes in climate chamber or in glasshouse

Method of inoculation:

Infiltration into abaxial surface of a leaf in 13-15 mm
diameter spots

Duration of the test:

10-14 days

Number of plants tested: 15 to 30 plants
Remarks
Genetics of bacteria pathotypes and resistant genotypes:
Resistant varieties:

Aladin, Camelot, ECR-20R, Kaldóm, Kalorez, Lancelot,
Pasa

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 33 -

9.

Literature

GENERAL INFORMATION
Palloix, A., Phaly, T., 1996: Histoire du piment: de la plante sauvage aux variétés modernes,
PHM Revue Horticole, FR, no. 365; 41-43
Pochard, E., 1987: Histoire du piment et recherche, INRA Mensuel, FR, no. 29; 5-8
Pochard, E., Palloix, A., Daubeze, A.M., 1992: Le piment, Gallais, A. (ed.), Bannerot, H.
(ed.), Amelioration des especes vegetales cultivees. Objectifs et critères de selection
420-434, INRA; Paris, FR

Genetic Resources
Daunay, M.C., Jullian, E., Dauphin, F., 2001: Management of eggplant and pepper genetic
resources in Europe: networks are emerging, EUCARPIA, European Association for Researchon Plant Breeding, Paris, FR, Genetics and breeding of Capsicum and eggplant
11th EUCARPIA Meeting, Antalya, TR, 2001 1-5

Disease Resistance
Caranta, C., Palloix, A., Gébré-Sélassié, K., Marchoux, G., Lefebvre, V., Daubèze, A.M.,
1996: Genomic organization of multi-virus resistance factors in pepper (Capsicum annuum):
Co-localization between QTLs and major genes. Poster
Lefebvre, V., Caranta, C., Moury, B., Pflieger, S., Daubèze, A.M., Blattes, A., Phaly, T.,
Nemouchi, G., Palloix, A., 1997: Status of the intraspecific molecular map of pepper: genome
distribution of multiple disease resistance loci and defence genes, Sherago International Inc.,New York, US, Plant and animal genome V, International Conference on the Status of Plant
and Animal Genome Research, San Diego, US, 1997/01/12-16, 115
Pflieger, S., Lefebvre, V., Blattes, A., Caranta, C., Palloix, A., 1998: Candidate geneapproach for identifying QTLs involved in pepper/pathogen interactions, EUCARPIA,
European Association fo Research on Plant Breeding, Avignon, FR, Genetics and breeding ofCapsicum and eggplant, 10th Meeting EUCARPIA, Avignon, FR, 1998/09/07-11,
245-248
Stacey, G. (ed.), Mullin, B. (ed.), Gresshoff, P.M. (ed.), Biology of plant-microbe interactions
8. International Symposium on molecular plant-microbe interactions, Knoxville (USA),
1996/07/12-19, 1 p., International Society for Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions,Saint-Paul, US
Potyvirus
Parrella, G., Ruffel, S., Moretti, A., Morel, C., Palloix, A., Caranta, C., 2002: Recessive
resistance genes against potyviruses are localized in colinear genomic regions of the tomato(Lycopersicon spp.) and pepper (Capsicum spp.) genomes, Theoretical and Applied Genetics,
DE, vol. 105; 855-861

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 34 -

Ruffel, S., Dussault, M.H., Palloix, A., Moury, B., Bendahmane, A., Robaglia, C., Caranta, C.,
2002: A natural recessive resistance gene against potato virus Y in pepper corresponds to theeukariotic initiation factor 4E (elF4E), Plant Journal, GB, vol. 32 no. 6; 1067-1075

CMV
Caranta, C., Daubèze, A.M., Pflieger, S., Lefebvre, V., Thabuis, A., Blattes, A., Nemouchi, G.,
Phaly, T., Signoret, P., Palloix, A., 2001: Identification of quantitative trait loci involved inpartial restriction of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) long-distance movement in pepper,
EUCARPIA, European Association for Research on Plant Breeding, Paris (FRA), Genetics
and breeding of Capsicum and eggplant, 11th EUCARPIA Meeting, Antalya, TR,
2001 176-180
Caranta, C., Palloix, A., Lefebvre, V., Daubèze, A.M., 1997: QTLs for a component ofpartial resistance to cucumber mosaic virus in pepper: restriction of virus installation in hostcells, Theoretical and Applied Genetics, DE, no. 94; 431-438
Caranta, C., Pflieger, S., Lefebvre, V., Daubèze, A.M., Thabuis, A., Palloix, A., 2002:
QTLs involved in the restriction of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) long-distance movementin pepper, Theoretical and Applied Genetics, DE, vol. 104; 586-591

Phytophthora
Lefèbvre, V., Palloix, A., 1995: Mapping QTL's affecting the resistance to Phytophthora
capsici in pepper (Capsicum annuum), Scherago International Inc., New York, US, USDA,
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Washington, US,
International Conference on the Status of Plant Genome Research, Plant Genome 3,
San Diego, US, 1995/01/15-19 58, USDA-ARS, Washington, US
Lefebvre, V., Palloix, A., 1996: Both epistatic and additive effects of QTLs are involved inpolygenic induced resistance to disease: a case study, the interaction pepper Phytophthora
capsici Leonian, Theoretical and Applied Genetics, DE, no. 93; 503-511
Thabuis, A., Palloix, A., Pflieger, S., Daubèze, A.M., Caranta, C., Lefebvre, V., 2003:
Comparative mapping of Phytophthora resistance loci in pepper germplasm: evidence forconserved resistance loci across Solanaceae and for a large genetic diversity, Theoretical andApplied Genetics, DE, vol. 106; 1473-1485
Xanthomonas
Márkus, F., Kapitány, J., Csilléry, G. and Szarka, J., 2001 b: Xanthomonas resistance In
Hungarianspice pepper varieties. Int. Jour. of Hort. Sci., Voil. 7. No. 3-4. 69-72
Szarka, J. and Csilléry, G., 1995: Defence system against Xanthomonas campestris pv.
vesicatoria. Eucarpia IXth Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Capsicum and Eggplant.
Budapest, Hungary, August 21-25. 184-187

TG/Pepper
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TSWV
Moury, B., Pflieger, S., Blattes, A., Lefebvre, V., Palloix, A., 2000: A CAPS marker to assist
selection of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) resistance in pepper, Genome, CA, no. 43;
137-142

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 36 -

10.

Technical Questionnaire

TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:
Application date:(not to be filled in by the applicant)

TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
to be completed in connection with an application for plant breeders’ rights

1.

2.

Subject of the Technical Questionnaire
1.1

Botanical name

Capsicum annuum L.

1.2

Common Name

Sweet Pepper, Hot Pepper, Paprika, Chili

ApplicantName
Address

Telephone No.
Fax No.
E-mail address
Breeder (if different from applicant)3.

Proposed denomination and breeder’s reference
Proposed denomination(if available)
Breeder’s referenceTG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 37 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
4.

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:Information on the breeding scheme and propagation of the variety
4.1 Breeding scheme
Variety resulting from:
4.1.1

Crossing
(a)
(b)
(c)

controlled cross(please state parent varieties)
partially known cross(please state known parent variety(ies))
unknown cross

[ ]
[ ]
[ ]

4.1.2

Mutation(please state parent variety)

[ ]

4.1.3

Discovery and development(please state where and when discovered andhow developed)

[ ]

4.1.4

Other
(please provide details)[ ]4.2 Method of propagating the variety
4.2.1 Seed-propagated varieties
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Self-pollination
Cross-pollination
HybridOther(please provide details)

4.2.2 Other(please provide details)

[
[
[
[

]
]
]
]

[ ]

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 38 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:

5.
Characteristics of the variety to be indicated (the number in brackets refers to thecorresponding characteristic in Test Guidelines; please mark the note which best corresponds).
Characteristics
5.1
(1)

5.2
(4)

5.3
(19)

5.4
(21)

Example Varieties

Note

Seedling: anthocyanin coloration of hypocotyl

absent

Laris

1[ ]

present

IPB Ungara

9[ ]absentTombak1[ ]present

IPB92

9[ ]

erect

Bara

1[ ]

semi-drooping

-

2[ ]

drooping

Tanjung3[ ]greenish white

Solok, Bianca

1[ ]yellow

-

2[ ]

green

Tanamo3[ ]purpleIPBUngara

4[ ]Plant: shortened internode (in upper part)

Peduncle: attitude

Fruit: color (before maturity)

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 39 Characteristics
5.5
(28)

5.6
(33)

5.7
(40)

5.8
(45)

Example Varieties

Note

Fruit: shape in longitudinal section

oblate-1[ ]circular-2[ ]cordateIPB Ungara

3[ ]squareEdison4[ ]rectangular

-

5[ ]

trapezoidal

Bianca6[ ]moderately triangular

Genie, Solok7[ ]narrow triangular

Bara

8[ ]

hornshaped

IPBPerisai

9[ ]yellowSuniya1[ ]orange

Magno

2[ ]

red

Tombak

3[ ]

brown

Tequila

4[ ]

green

-

5[ ]

predominantly two

Gada

1[ ]

equally two and three

-

2[ ]

predominantly three

Tanjung3[ ]equally three and four

-

4[ ]

predominantly four and more

Edison5[ ]Characteristics

Example Varieties

Fruit: color (at maturity)

Fruit: number of locules

Note

Fruit: capsaicin in placenta

absent

Edison1[ ]present

Bara

9[ ]

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 40 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:

5.9(i) Resistance to Tobamovirus (48.1) Pathotype 0(Tobacco MosaicVirus (0))
absent-1[ ]present-

9[ ]absent-1[ ]present-

9[ ]absent-1[ ]present-

9[ ]absent-1[ ]present-9[ ]5.9(ii) Resistance to Tobamovirus (48.2) Pathotype 1-2(Tomato MosaicVirus (1-2))

5.9(iii) Resistance to Tobamovirus (48.3) Pathotype 1-2-3(Pepper Mild Mottle Virus (1-2-3))

5.10 Resistance to Potato Virus Y (PVY ) (49.1) Pathotype 0

6.

Similar varieties and differences from these varieties

Please use the following table and box for comments to provide information on how yourcandidate variety differs from the variety (or varieties) which, to the best of your knowledge, is(or are) most similar. This information may help the examination authority to conduct its
examination of distinctness in a more efficient way.
Denomination(s) of
Characteristic(s) in Describe the expression
Describe thevariety(ies) similar to which your candidate of the characteristic(s)expression of the
your candidate variety variety differs from thefor the similar
characteristic(s) for
similar variety(ies)variety(ies)your candidate variety
ExampleFruit: color after firstyellow
redcolor change

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 41 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
Comments:

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 42 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE#

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:

7.

Additional information which may help in the examination of the variety

7.1

In addition to the information provided in sections 5 and 6, are there any additional
characteristics which may help to distinguish the variety?
Yes

[ ]

No

[ ]

(If yes, please provide details)

7.2

Are there any special conditions for growing the variety or conducting the examination?
Yes

[ ]

No

[ ]

(If yes, please provide details)

7.3

Other information

8.

Authorization for release(a) Does the variety require prior authorization for release under legislation concerning
the protection of the environment, human and animal health?
Yes
(b)

[ ]

No

[ ]

Has such authorization been obtained?
Yes

[ ]

No

[ ]

If the answer to (b) is yes, please attach a copy of the authorization.

#

Authorities may allow certain of this information to be provided in a confidential section of the Technical
Questionnaire.

TG/Pepper
2013-07-03- 43 -TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
9.

Page {x} of {y}Reference Number:Information on plant material to be examined or submitted for examination

9.1 The expression of a characteristic or several characteristics of a variety may be affectedby factors, such as pests and disease, chemical treatment (e.g. growth retardants or pesticides),effects of tissue culture, different rootstocks, scions taken from different growth phases of atree, etc.
9.2 The plant material should not have undergone any treatment which would affect theexpression of the characteristics of the variety, unless the competent authorities allow orrequest such treatment. If the plant material has undergone such treatment, full details of thetreatment must be given. In this respect, please indicate below, to the best of your knowledge,
if the plant material to be examined has been subjected to:(a)

Microorganisms (e.g. virus, bacteria, phytoplasma)

Yes [ ]No [ ](b)

Chemical treatment (e.g. growth retardant, pesticide)

Yes [ ]No [ ](c)Tissue culture

Yes [ ]No [ ](d)

Other factors

Yes [ ]No [ ]

Please provide details for where you have indicated “yes”.
……………………………………………………………
9.3 Has the plant material to be examined been tested for the presence of virus or otherpathogens?
Yes

[ ]

(please provide details as specified by the Authority)No[ ]10. I hereby declare that, to the best of my knowledge, the information provided in this form
is correct:
Applicant’s nameSignature

Date[End of document]