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 Background and Significance of UNESCO’s International Charter of Physical Education, Physical Activities and SportAngela Melo, Director, UNESCO Ethics, Youth and Sport Division

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体育・身体活動・スポーツに関する国際憲章

11.1 開発と平和のイニシアチブのためのスポーツは、貧困の根絶、及び民主主義、人権、安全保障、平和と非暴力の文化、対話と紛争解決、許容と非差別、社会的統合、男女の平等、法の支配、持続可能性、環境認識、健康、教育、市民社会の役割をより強固なものにすることを目的とするべきである。
11.2 開発と平和をめざすスポーツは、紛争防止、紛争後及び災害後の介入、コミュニティの構築、国の結束及び市民社会と国際開発の目標の有効的な機能に貢献するその他の取り組みを支援するために促進され、活用されるべきである。
11.3 開発と平和をめざすスポーツは、排除される者がおらず、文化、ジェンダー、年齢、障がいに配慮したものでなければならず、また、強固な監視と評価のメカニズムを含むべきである。それらは地域プロジェクトのオーナーシップ（当事者意識）を奨励し、その他の体育・身体活動・スポーツがめざすものと同様に持続可能性と高潔性の原則を具体的に表現するべきである。
*
第 12 条 － 国際協力は、体育・身体活動・スポーツの範囲と影響を拡大するための必須の条件である
12.1 すべての関係者は、国際協力及び国際協調を通じて、個人、コミュニティ、国家内の開発、平和、連帯、友好に体育・身体活動・スポーツを活用するべきである。
12.2 国際協力及び国際協調は、社会的及び経済的発展における体育・身体活動・スポーツの重要な貢献を国際的、地域的及び国内的レベルで効果的に提唱するうえで、また、関連する調査や証拠を支援し共有するうえで活用すべきである。
12.3 公的機関、スポーツ組織、その他の非政府組織の間の国際協力及び国際協調は、体育・身体活動・スポーツの提供において国家間及び国家内に存在する格差を縮小するうえで極めて重要である。このような国際協力及び国際協調は、現在の憲章で定められている普遍的な原則に基づく指標やその他の監視・評価ツールのほか、優れた事例、教育プログラム、能力開発、権利擁護の知見を交換し活用することで達成することが可能である。

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Background and Significance of UNESCO’s International Charter of Physical Education, PhysicalActivities and Sport
Overview
Angela MeloDirector
UNESCO Ethics, Youth and Sport Division
In 1976, due to the educational and ethical dimensions of sport, as well as its multi-disciplinary
nature, Member States entrusted the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) with sport policy development.
Indeed, at that time sport emerged as an international policy issue as a result of the boycott of South
African Springboks' rugby team (1976-79). Nevertheless, it was shown that sport could be used as apositive policy tool - with ‘ping-pong’ diplomacy (1972). In this context, UNESCO responded byconvening the first International Conference of Ministers and Senior Officials Responsible forPhysical Education and Sport (MINEPS I).
This Conference played a leading role in the development of the International Charter of Physical
Education and Sport (1978), adopted by UNESCO General Conference. This Charter establishedmost notably the practice of physical education and sport as a fundamental right for all, in doing so,
placing emphasis on equality and grassroots sport. In this respect, cooperation between stakeholders
was encouraged. Nonetheless, the need to protect the integrity of sport from doping, violence,
manipulation and corruption had already become an important subject, as evidenced by the length ofarticle 8 of the Charter.
Since then, UNESCO has continued to strengthen its fight for the preservation of sport integrity. In
this respect, the International Charter was amended in 1991 to highlight the health benefits ofphysical activity, and to promote the inclusion of persons with disabilities, the protection of children,and the role of sport for development and peace.
The “Declaration of Berlin”, adopted in May 2013 by MINEPS V, invited “the Director-General ofUNESCO to consider a revision of UNESCO’s International Charter to reflect (their) findings andrecommendations” in the three areas of this text: “Access to Sport as a Fundamental Right for All”;
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“Promoting Investment in Sport and Physical Education Programmes”; and “Preserving the Integrityof Sport”.
In 2015, a new version of this text was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO’s MemberStates. In twelve brief articles, the revised Charter serves as a universal reference on the ethical andquality standards of physical education, physical activity and sport. It also represents a renewed
commitment of the international sport community to actively promote sport as a catalyst for peaceand development.
The revised version of the Charter provides a framework that orients the stakeholders on certain
themes: the recognition of physical education and physical activity as a public property, as well as
their role in promoting gender equality, social inclusion, non-discrimination and sustained dialogue
in our societies. The new Charter also supports broader policies in favour of grassroots sport,
including the concepts of inclusivity, safety and sustainability, as well as the notion of « civilsociety » in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals, as defined in the UN 2030 Agenda– Transforming Our World.
Finally, the economic dimension has not been overlooked because it integrates the different Charterelements.
This new global vision constitutes an essential step in the recognition of the role of sport in society
assists the Member States to adopt a global approach in their sports policies and places UNESCO at
the forefront of the promotion of values such as sustainable development and peace.

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