What Are Killer 5G Applications?
Tzi-cker Chiueh
Information and Co

5G Technology Overview• Key functional advances– Higher throughput: 100 Mbps  1Gbps– Lower latency: 50 msec  5 msec
– Massive connectivity: millions of connections• Operating frequencies– Sub-6GHz: First generation– mmWave: Second generation 28, 38, 60 GHz• Opportunities– Hardware components: High-frequency PCB, RF IC, MIMO antenna array– Smartphone and related SOC– Small cell base station: hole filling supplement  essential building block– Private 5G communication system– Commercially compelling 5G applications

Killer 5G Applications?
• Litmus test: What can be done on 5G that cannot be done on 4G?
– Many 5G applications from China, Korea, Japan, and Europe have been
proposed, and most of them failed this test
– Truly compelling ones are hard to come by• General thinking: applications requiring low-latency feedback loop
– 1-way: One-way video playback and analysis– 1.5-way: On-site real-time streaming of live events• Panoramic video for live concerts or sport games– 2-way: two-way interaction is involved• Tele-operation, including on-line computer gaming• Interactive mixed reality

High Throughput ≠ Low Latency• Transporting data from Tokyo to Kyoto via Shinkansen– Throughput of shipping 25 10TB HDDs via THSR: 30.8GB/sec– Latency of shipping one byte: 2 hours 15 minutes• Example latency-sensitive applications: cloud gaming
T1: Action
T2: Response Video Frame• Acceptable end-to-end latency target for gaming is ~30 msec
1. wireless and wired communication latency,
2. server processing delay, and3. video encoding/decoding delay

Tele-Operation
Remote Drone Piloting

Tele-Surgery

On-line Computer Game Playing

Remote Driving

Drone-Based Over-Bridge Inspection• Drone autonomously flies along a bridge to be inspected based on the pre-calculated
detailed flight plan.
• Fine-grained payload control is used to take high-quality pictures at inspection
targets at the right angle from at least 30 meters away.
台灣高鐵Taiwan High Speed Rail

Under-Bridge Inspection
 Technical Challenges
 How to enable drones to fly without GPS
 How to perform image-based defectanalysis under poor lighting conditions

Region of Interest
Poor Lighting Condition*5x speed

5G+Mixed Reality Drone Racing System

Cloud Gaming• Cloud gaming service: Google Stadia, Sony’s
PlayStation Now and Microsoft’s Project xCloud• Idea: Run computer game applications in thecloud/edge, and stream the game application’s
image outputs to client devices– Also a form of tele-operation• Original motivations– Thin gaming console– Enable use of more powerful gaming HW in thecloud• Smartphone game streaming service– Hatch (Finland) and Redfinger (China)– Innovative value-added auxiliary services

Virtual Mobility Infrastructure• Use model: every enterprise employee is given a virtual smartphone in thecloud to do office work

– APPs run in the cloud, experience all sensors in a user’s smartphone, and stream theiroutputs to the user’s smartphone.
– VDI  VMI• Vision: One APP for all (Android) APPs

– Download and execute  Invoke and execute– An app market that stores as well as executes apps

Smartphone Game Streaming

工業技術研究院機密資料 禁止複製、轉載、外流 ITRI CONFIDENTIAL DOCUMENT DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE

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All Optical Inspection in Manufacturing
Cloud/Edge-based AOI: Decoupling of imaging HW from image analysis SWDefect Verification andRepair planning

AOI DefectDetection

Laser Repair
MachineDefect Recognition, Location,and Subtractive Repair

KVM RX
Optical Defect, Location
And Repair Recipe Database

10GE
Ethernet

KVM TX

Verification of Manual Assembly SOP 將四個旋鈕順時針方向旋轉到底  以斜對角方式將四個旋鈕向下壓入 辨識CPU風扇是否朝上 辨識4個旋鈕是否旋轉到底 辨識雙手食指同時於斜對角旋鈕向下壓入MR Guidance for Assembly Operation

Precision Docking and Platooning forAutonomous Mobile Robotz

AMR-Station Docking
工作站x

AMR載台
AMR載具

z

Station-Station Docking
AMR載台
AMR載具

Multi-AMR Platooningyxy

AMR載台
AMR載具

Payload1

Payload2

AMRAMR

Multi-AMR Coordinated Operation: KUKA

Private 5G Communication System• Main motivations– Better QoS or low latency guarantee: mainly for smart manufacturing– Lower cost of ownership• Uncertainties that remain to be resolved– How big is the market demand?
– Spectrum availability and (fair) cost
• Taiwan (4.8-4.9GHz) , Japan (4.6-4.9GHz) , Germany (3.7-3.8GHz), US (3.55-3.7GHz, CBRS)• Options
1.
2.
3.
4.

Rent a dedicated slice of a carrier’s cellular network at wholesale price (like MVNO)
User-owned cellular network operating on public 5G spectrum
User-owned cellular network operating on private 5G spectrum (4.8-4.9GHz)
User-owned WiFi/4G network operating on private 5G spectrum (4.8-4.9 GHz)

Summary• Is 5G overhyped?
– Which applications are absolutely infeasible without 5G?
• “My shop-floor network feels lagged.”– Which aspects of 5G empower these applications?
– Private vs. Public 5G• Total cost of ownership  spectrum, capital, operation– Soul-searching question: Why is licensed-band WiFi or 4G not good enough?

• 5G applications with compelling ROI so far– Digital transformation for industrial manufacturing• Most of them do not really low-latency communications (1-way 10 msec, 2-way 30msec)– Cloud/edge gaming– Live streaming of events with real-time transformation

Thank You!
Questions and Comments?
tcc@itri.org.tw

New Service Models• Address Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) security– Only one program on a user’s smartphone is allowed to interact withenterprise IT resources.
– Keeps enterprise data staying inside its cloud data center– Enterprise control of enterprise account of messaging app, e.g. LINE– 中科院：國產軍用安全手機方案，機敏資料不落地– 遠傳電信：2020年提供超過 2,500 員工安全存取內部資料，2021年
全公司 7,000 員工使用，並沿伸到中小企業客戶使用– 日月光，建準: 機敏資料不落地• Simplify enterprise smartphone appdevelopment and deployment– Reduces app development cost
– Enables effortless app trial/promotion– Supports location-based invocation

World-Wide 5G Deployment
World-wide 5G Deployment

Progress of Major Countries 140 telecom operators in 59 countries offer
5G service: 18%

 South Korea: 17M users, 162K BSs

 Only 42 support both Sub-6GHz 與 mmWave

 China: 300M users; 1000K BSs 5G mobile users penetration rate: 2.44%

 Taiwan: 3M users; 30K BSs

 US: 39M users and 210K BSs