2007年1月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL January 2007

Vol.61 No.1 CONTENTS
New Year's Speech

Yoshihiro Kanamaru…(1)The Special Issue of JAPAN TAPPI2006Annual Meeting at Fukuoka・Yatsushiro
General Review of JAPAN TAPPI2006Annual Meeting at Fukuoka・Yatsushiro
Planning Subcommittee, JAPAN TAPPI…(4)Keynote Address

Yoshihiro Kanamaru…(14)Lecture by Winner of 2005 JAPAN TAPPI Prize…(22)

A Visit to Yatsushiro Mill―Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.―…(29)

Technical ReportCreative Technologies of the Thermally Sprayed Coating, "KX ROCK",for Press Roll
Toshiro Tajiri, Nobuaki Sakoda and Susumu Arakawa…(36)Retroﬁt of the Existing PS Screens by Unique Technology

Takeshi Kanazawa…(42)―Dramatic Energy Saving and Performance Improvement―
Challenge to the Development of Bulky Paper in NPI
Quantitative Estimation of Macro Stickies in Recycled Pulps for Linerboard
Inhibition of Yellowing of ECF Bleached Hardwood Kraft Pulp

Takashi Ochi…(50)
Tadahira Yaguchi…(54)Ayano Kawae and Yosuke Uchida…(59)Excellent Printing Eﬀect of High―quality Newsprint

Masayuki Kawasaki …(63)Operational Experience of New Winder Control System

Tetsuya Okouchi…(68)

Operational Experience of the Biomass Boiler

Yousuke Makita…(72)Breeding Strategy for the Pulp Quality Improvement in Eucalyptus Trees
The Approach for No Manual Sorting System

Shigeru Sato…(79)
Hiromu Nakamura…(84)Committee report…(03)

Coffee break…(88)

Papyrus…(89)

Industry News(Domestic and International)…(91)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(102)

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication…(104)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(113)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(114)

Other Monthly Statistics…(116)

News from the Association…(118)

2007年1月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
Creative Technologies of the Thermally Sprayed Coating, "KX ROCK", for Press Roll
Toshiro Tajiri, Nobuaki Sakoda and Susumu Arakawa
KURASHIKI BORING KIKO Co., Ltd.
Recently, the requirement of high productivity in papermaking industry demands increasing the size and the running speed of papermaking
machine, thus press-roll in the papermaking machine requires continuous improvement of the durability and stability.
In the past years, the press-roll replaced drastically the natural granite stone in whole roll with an artiﬁcial ceramic coating in the surface
only. This artificial ceramic coating in the surface requires not only good mechanical and chemical properties, such as resistance to wear andcorrosion, but also surface properties, in which the condition of releasing paper off the roll surface, i.e. the draw property, and without
contaminations attached are important.
The "KX ROCK", which is ceramic coating by thermal spray for the press-roll, was developed as a replacement of the granite stone roll. The"KX ROCK" coating shows a superior draw property due to optimized surface roughness and wettability by the coating material. Especially,
surface energy of the "KX ROCK" is higher than that of original stone roll, which leads to a good wettability, resulting in a better paper
releasing property. And in addition, the "KX ROCK" also shows a good wear resistance and a perfect protection of base material from corrosion.

Retrofit of the Existing PS Screens by Unique Technology- Dramatic Energy Saving and Performance Improvement Takeshi Kanazawa
Technical Department, Aikawa Iron Works Co., Ltd.
One of the most familiar outward ﬂow screens in Japan is a pressure screen that is called as PS-Screen. Using the latest screening technology
developed by Aikawa, the performance of those screens can be dramatically improved; for instance, the specific unit power consumption can be
reduced by 75% comparing with the original PS-Screen. This retrofit technology was conferred Sasaki prize on as the best development
machinery of this year by Japan Tappi. This report introduces this technology.

Challenge to the Development of Bulky Paper in NPI
Takashi Ochi
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Bulky paper is getting popular in the past ten years. If the thickness of paper is the same, the weight of bulky paper is lighter thanconventional paper. This means that bulky paper is environmentally friendly because of the lower amount of pulps and other energy
consumption, and is human friendly as well. Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. (NPI) has been developing and producing bulky paper ranging
from non-coated paper to coated grade by new technologies. These new bulking technologies are based on fillers and chemicals. Thesematerials were not used for bulking paper in the past. NPI has challenged and succeeded to use these new technologies. Precipitated calcium
carbonate (PCC) which has scalenohedral shape and appropriately controlled particle size is favorable for bulky paper. Those PCCs have been
producing at mill-site plants of NPI. Chemicals for bulky paper (bulking agents) work as blocking hydrogen bonds of fibers and so cause thedecrease of strength of paper. For this reason, paper makers have hesitated to use these chemicals. However, NPI has had conquered problems
to use the bulking agents. With well designed filler and bulking agent and other novel technologies, up to 30% lighter wood free book grade canbe obtained.

Quantitative Estimation of Macro Stickies in Recycled Pulps for Linerboard
Tadahira Yaguchi
Pulp & Paper Laboratory, Nippon Daishowa Paperboard Co., Ltd.

It was diﬃcult to separate macro stickies eﬃciently from recycled pulp for linerboard which consists mainly of old corrugated container andmeasure them accurately by image analysis method, because the pulp contains much flakes, shives and nonsticky foreign substances besides
them.
We improved the image analysis method of measuring macro stickies content, ISO 15360-2, to apply it to the pulp. By the improved method,
macro stikies content in the pulp in treatment process was measured and the effect of removal and dispersion of macro stickies with equipments
for screening and dispersing was estimated.

Inhibition of Yellowing of ECF Bleached Hardwood Kraft Pulp
Ayano Kawae and Yosuke Uchida
Research Development Div., Pulp & Paper Research Laboratory, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
The aim of this work was to inhibit the heat- and moisture- induced yellowing of ECF bleached hard wood kraft pulp (LBKP) in acidic paper.
We have already reported that one of the derivatives of hexenuronic acid (HexA) in LBKP, 5-formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (FFA), causes
yellowing, and that FFA might polymerize or react with pulp components to form new chromophoric groups1).
In this study, it was shown that the carboxylic base of FFA interacts with that of glucuronic acid or galacturonic acid, resulting in strong
yellowing. Therefore, it seems that preventing the reaction of carboxylic bases could be effective in suppressing this yellowing. We havediscovered that polycarboxylic acids (for example, citric acid, tartaric acid, etc.) are useful as a yellowing inhibitor.

Excellent Printing Effect of High-quality Newsprint
Masayuki Kawasaki
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
High quality newsprint is characterized by neutralized paper manufacturing process and high addition of calcium carbonate. We have almost
converted to the high quality newsprint from previous product in all mills of our company. We confirmed that operation aptitude for print like
web break and dust level is as good as the previous product according to past market evaluation. On the other hand, print qualities of multicolor printing such as show through, tone reproduction, color reproduction are highly evaluated compared with the previous product. It wasconsidered that high addition of calcium carbonate that showed high light scattering as filler contributed to these print qualities of multi color
printing.
In this paper, characteristics and printability of the high quality newsprint are introduced, especially the analysis result of the mechanism thatderives excellent print effect in multi color printing than the previous product is explained.

Operational Experience of New Winder Control System
Tetsuya Okouchi
Noumachi Mill, Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.
Usually, only position data are sent to the drive for stopping winder to remove spots on the paper. Stopping position of winder is not accurateby that way, because paper length changes on the process, web brake shortens paper length, and also the marking position is reversed onwinder.
New Winder Control System (NWCS) solved that problems, by adding position data on the mark, which is printed on the paper edge by ink
jet printer. The data included in the mark are read by the camera on winder, and control signal based on the data are sent to the drive. The
stopping position is very accurate, because the position data in the controller are always refreshed by the mark.
This is really useful system, and will be quite popular system in near future.

Operational Experience of the Biomass Boiler
Yousuke Makita
Power Section Tokai Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.

Tokai Pulp Ltd sets up a mill at Shimada city located almost middle in Shizuoka prefecture. This Shimada Mill reaches 100th anniversary innext year and manufactures paper and pulp mainly. Much electric power and steam is necessary for the manufacturing process of paper & pulp.
The necessary electric power was generated at its own power plants; a hydroelectric power plant and thermal power plants and it bought the
shortage of it from Chubu Electric Power Co., so far. The steam was generated by its own some boilers; heavy oil fired boiler, soda recovery
boiler and waste fired boiler, so far.
We planed biomass boiler power plant in order to reduce a mount of exhaust CO2 and a cost of energy among the social trend to stop green
house effect and to realize Society with an Environmentally-Sound Material Cycle. We started to construct No.11 Boiler/ No.5 steam turbine
generation plant whose fuels are wood biomass and RPF at May in 2005, completed it at January in 2006. The introduction of this plant realized
the conversion from fossil fuels to biomass fuels and can achieve the initial purpose.
In the report, we describe the outline of biomass boiler plant operated from February in 2006 and the operational experience.

Breeding Strategy for the Pulp Quality Improvement in Eucalyptus Trees
Shigeru Sato
Forestry Research Institute, Research & Development Division, Oji Paper Co. Ltd.
The Eucalyptus species are widely distributed in the temperate zone in the southern hemisphere and used as a raw material of pulp in AsianOceania region. The paper manufacturing industry has particularly high expectations to this tree because it has superior growth property andpulp quality. Since 1991, Oji Paper has been advancing the overseas forest plantation business for securing the forest resource and to protect
the environment.
Forestry Research Institute of Oji Paper has been studying the improvement of the productivity of Eucalyptus plantation in Australia. We
have already isolated a lots of plus tree candidates which were selected by growth characteristics (height, diameter, etc.) from several plantationsites. We carried out the wood quality analysis of the candidates. The results of the analysis showed that there were great differences of basic
density and pulp yields among the candidates, and suggested that it is very important to improve not only growth but also wood quality for theplantation business and paper manufacturing. Therefore, we have been progressing the Eucalyptus breeding project to improve the wood
quality of the candidates. Our breeding project has two approaches. One is the conventional breeding method and the another is the molecular
breeding method using the regulatory genes of wood quality. We report our current status of the project.

The Approach for No Manual Sorting System
Hiromu Nakamura
Hokuetsu Kamiseisen Co., Ltd.
A sheet ﬁnishing process is still underdeveloped compared to developed large scale and well controlled paper manufacturing process.
Therefore, it needs many skilled employees who work on manual inspection and sorting. Hokuetsu Kamiseisen Co., Ltd. operates wrapping onrolls, sheeting and sheet finishing process in Hokuetsu Paper Mills, Ltd. Niigata Mill and has plugged away at labor-saving through not only
automatic equipment but also awareness reform that called "quality verification activity between processes".
This report is focused on the labor-saving history, especially "the quality veriﬁcation activity" is described. This activity is extremely
successful with the labor-saving and the re-inspection and resort worked by many skilled sorter are basically abolished.

2007年2月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL February 2007

Vol.61 No.2 CONTENTS

Papermaking Technology II
Technical Trend of Printing Industry, and Coated Paper/Imported Paper
Michio Haibara…(1)A State of Art of the Board Coating Technology

Katsumi Ishizuka…(7)Operating Experience of Paperboad Coater

Kouhei Kawamura…(12)Recent Tendency of Coating Technologies

Yasuhiro Hatano…(17)Operating Experience of Water Jet Turn―up Device

Toshinao Imai…(26)How to Detect Defects on Coating Paper

Satoshi Suzuki…(31)―SmartView Inspection System Technology―
Topics & Information
Low Intensity Reﬁning

Kazumi Fujita…(33)―The Approach from the Reﬁner & the Reﬁning Fillings―
The Development of New ASA Sizing Agent and that Systematized
Kenji Tsunekawa, Kazutaka Kasuga, Koichi Tadaki and Hiroyoshi Numoto…(43）Optimizing the Paper Machine and its Tools

Yoshihiro Ohkawa…(48)―Scanpro, its Method and Features of the New Felt Moisture Meter―
The Operational Experience of New Canvas Cleaning Facilities"AOKI Cleaner"
About Flow Characteristic of Low Viscosity Coating Materials in High Shear Region

Toshio Kameyama…(54)Tazuko Watanabe and Keisuke Miyamoto…(60)Application of the Coating with High Wear and Stain Resistance to the Parts for Paper Manufacturing
Tokumi Ikeda, Teruyuki Kitagawa, Junji Taguchi and Yong―Bo Chong…(63)Introduction of Research Laboratories(57)

Laboratory of Chemistry of Composite Materials, Chair of Biomaterials Function, Division ofForest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University…(68)

Research Report(Original Paper)
The Feasibility of Recycling Zeolite Synthesized from Paper Sludge(CPSZ)
Part1:The Evaluation of the Chemical and Mineralogical Properties of CPSZ and the
Feasibility of Mass Production
Takao Ando, Takabumi Sakamoto, Kimio Hiyoshi, Naoto Matsue and Teruo Henmi…(72)Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(65)―Shimizu Mill, Tomoegawa Co., Ltd―

Tomoegawa Co., Ltd…(84)Committee report…(03)

Essay on Intellectual Property…(70)

Coffee break…(71)

Papyrus…(88)

Industry News(Domestic and International)…(91)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(102)

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication…(104)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(120)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(121)

Other Monthly Statistics…(123)

News from the Association…(125)

2007年2月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
Technical Trend of Printing Industry, and Coated Paper/Imported Paper
Michio Haibara
Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.
"Graphic Arts" is now going to be "Printing Industry".
In the printing industry, the digitalization of prepress-process has been established at the end of 1990s. And from the beginning of thiscentury, the development of the printing technology is concentrated on the improvement of productive efficiency and the standardization of theprint-quality. For this standardization, it tends to be more important to study interrelations between the print-quality and the paper qualities.
This paper describes the technical trend of printing press and printing process, and the technical problem concerning the coated paper.

A State of Art of the Board Coating Technology
Katsumi Ishizuka
Coating and Finishing Engineering Department,
Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
Low speed and small width coaters have been used for paperboard coating in the past. However, production by high speed and large width
coating machine is recently getting popular. Due to this trend, uniformity of coating and drying at cross direction is becoming a great concern
for manufacturers. High power drying becomes important factor, too.
In order to cope with such demand, we developed new coating system such as DF Coater, SF Coater and HP-SCAF Dryer. DF Coater(Curtain Coater) could realize non-stop coating by no loss time from cleaning coating head and changing consumable parts.
Being developed based on Jet Fountain Blade Coater and DF Coater, SF Coater has both advantages from them.
Due to high power drying, HP-SCAF Dryer could also realize drying uniformity without giving up stabilized web handling performance.

Operating Experience of Paperboard Coater
Kouhei Kawamura
Sec.2 Paperboard Production Dept.,
Nippon Daishowa Paperboard YOSHINAGA Co., Ltd.
Nippon Daishowa Paperboard Yoshinaga Co., Ltd. was ﬂoated in April of 2003. We are positively working on the energy saving activity
aiming "Paper Recycling mill".
51 Paperboard machine has 4 on-line coater heads, started up in 1992 and with the purpose of getting into a new business for double-side
coated bleached paper board business.
As one of the pioneers for the recent trend of the combination of on-machine coater and gloss-purpose calender, 51 Paperboard machine hasdeveloped various experiences and improvements in terms of runnability, safety, productivity, and cost savings.
This report is described on the operating experience Paperboard Coater of 51 Paperboard machine from start to now.

Recent Tendency of Coating Technologies
Yasuhiro Hatano
Metso-SHI Co., LtdSince the ﬁrst announcement of introduction of OptiConcept machines for this century several years ago, Metso Paper have put many
OptiConcept machines into world-wide market. The machines with design speed of 2000 m/min and 10m wide are running now. As for coaters,
Metso Paper also has OptiCoater technologies, for which different types of coater heads can be supplied depending on each customer's
puopose. For example, film coaters are now widely used for all on-line LWC production machines. Blade coaters are widely used for coatedwoodfree paper production and coated board production. Then, recent examples of new coaters are non-contact coaters such as spray coaterand curtain coater. Drying concept for coating station has been also developed in these years. Air dryers plays major role for drying coatedpapers.
In this paper, the author will describe representative OptiCoater coating technologies.

Operating Experience of Water Jet Turn-up Device
Toshinao Imai
Kasugai Mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
The CM3 at Kasugai Mill, Oji Paper has been in operation as oﬀ line coating machine since 1991. Thanks to the ﬁne improvement of PM10
which produces base paper for CM3, production rate of the coater has increased gradually, but on the other hand, unsuccessful turn up at highweight grade became a serious problem. In order to achieve stable operation, the Water Jet Turn-up device has been installed in reel section in
August, 2005. In this report, I describe the outline of remodeling, the operation experience, and the effect of the project.

How to Detect Defects on Coating Paper- SmartView Inspection System Technology Satoshi Suzuki
Surface Inspection Systems Division, COGNEX K.K.
The Cognex SmartViewR Inspection System have been successfully inspecting various grades of coating paper in coater, supercalender,
cutter and sorter. And Cognex developed Advanced Winder Advisor, which locates defects at the re-reeler or winder and controls the winder tostop on the selected defects.
We will introduce SmartView technology focused on how to detect and identify defects on coating paper.

Low Intensity Refining- The Approach from the Refiner & the Refining Fillings Kazumi Fujita
Aikawa Iron Works Co., Ltd.
From ancient times, the reﬁning has been a most important process to decide the paper characteristics, but the reﬁning style changed withthe times. A thing having the biggest influence in this transition is a change of paper stock itself. Recently, the planted LBKP fiber, and therecycled secondly fiber, these are the today’s main raw materials for paper, length are becoming the shorter and shorter, accordingly theirfreeness are also getting to lower and lower. Today, therefore, is the big turning point of the refining from cutting to the "Low Intensity
Refining" which can keep the length of fiber and change the shape of fiber to improve the paper mechanical properties. In this report, we
AIKAWA IRON WORKS introduce our approach for the "Low Intensity Refining" with the capital refiner and the refining fillings.

The Development of New ASA Sizing Agent and that Systematized
Kenji Tsunekawa and Kazutaka Kasuga
R & D Dept., SOMAR Corporation
Koichi Tadaki and Hiroyoshi Numoto
Technical Dept., SOMAR Corporation

In recent year, low priced wet-end chemicals tend to be used in paper industry because of reducing costs and the productibity. Also theconditions of runnability are getting worse by increasing the recycle fiber sources and the improvement of runnability. Alum used in acid
papermaking brought the ability regarding fixation of Rosin sizing agent. But the usage of Alum is getting down as the neutral papermaking is
growing because of the weak ability of Alum in higher pH. Rosin sizing agent needs Alum to fix pulp fibers. So some problems happen inneutral papermaking about the fixation of Rosin sizing agent.
And the increase of AKD usage in neutral papermaking tends to decline because of the quality and the cost. In stead of AKD and Rosin sizing
agent, Alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) is being paid attention in neutral papermaking. ASA sizing agent is spreading in Europe and USA but
is not used so much in Japan. In future ASA sizing will be spreading in Japan because of the supply shortage of Rosin and reducing costs.
We need to control the deposit generating by ASA sizing agent

in order to make ASA sizing spread in Japan. We investigated the method of

emulsion, emulsion polymer, dispersion system and optimum conditions of particle size. Also we developed the new dispersion system in order
to control the deposit by ASA sizing agent.

Optimizing the Paper Machine and Its Tools- Scanpro, Its Method and Features of the New Felt Moisture Meter Yoshihiro Ohkawa
Lorentzen & Wettre Japan K.K.
Press and Dewatering at press part in paper machine has impact on paper properties, cost of dry part and run-ability, so that optimizing its
part is always required to machine operator. For its purpose, in order to know press condition, Scanpro moisture meter was developed andintroduced into the market in early of 1970 by AB Scanpro where in Sweden (now merged with AB Lorentzen & Wettre). Since developed,
delivered more than thousand this meters to felt suppliers, chemical suppliers, machine suppliers and mills all over the world have been used as
benchmark measurement. Now, meeting demand of more efficient measurement, two kinds of Scanpro meters are provided, which are
Presstuner for measuring moisture and Feltperm for measuring water permeability. Trial by using both meters ensure more understanding thepress condition and create benefit. This presentation introduces this method and the feature of New Felt Moisture Meter, which has justdeveloped and has more advanced analyze-able function. Short-term effective investment with New Felt Moisture Meter can be promised.

The Operational Experience of New Canvas Cleaning Facilities "AOKI Cleaner"
Toshio Kameyama
AOKI Kikai Co., Ltd.
Currently the utilization of recycled old paper ha been accelerated especially on paper board manufacturing. This tendency has caused
defective troubles at paper manufacturing process originated by sticky materials and effected drastically on machine run ability.
For this countermeasure of rejecting sticky materials from the process, canvas cleaning method might be the best way. Most paper mill’s
operators has expected such method as

higher cleaning eﬃciency with reasonable price.

Based on the operational experience with "Canvas clean roll" developed by ourselves, newdeveloped after remodeling and adding many

canvas cleaning facility "AOKI cleaner" has beenideas on it. This report is referred the operational experience of "AOKI cleaner" on paperboard machine.

About Flow Characteristic of Low Viscosity Coating Materials in High Shear Region
Tazuko Watanabe and Keisuke Miyamoto
Nihon SiberHegner K.K.
In practical applications the following information is important concerning the rheological behavior of coatings:·The propose of coating for the filter of flat panel and the special paper of ink jet printer·To take flow behavior of high shear rate region for the process of coating (ex. thixotropy
behavior, leveling, sagging, layer thickness.
This paper informs newer rheological measurement about the behavior coatings. Presented is a new test method for the high shear rate
region of the coating materials.

Application of the Coating with High Wear and Stain Resistance to the Parts for Paper Manufacturing
Tokumi Ikeda, Teruyuki Kitagawa and Junji Taguchi
Nomura Plating Co., Ltd.
Yong-Bo Chong
Research Institute for Applied Science
Our company has oﬀered various wear (for the paper manufacture industries) parts and mold-release characteristic parts until now.
However, it is not that all are also satisfied and nothing -- it is -- there was a case where meeting the request could not be finished. So, in thisannouncement, our company introduces the various plating which exceed the plating which can be offered now. Although all needs cannot be
grasped since this plating is a utilization stage, it is the plating which is advancing by our company towards utilization.

The Feasibility of Recycling Zeolite Synthesized from Paper Sludge (CPSZ)Part 1:The Evaluation of the Chemical and Mineralogical Properties of CPSZ and the Feasibility ofMass Production
Takao Ando and Takabumi Sakamoto
Faculty of Risk and Crisis Management, Chiba Institute of Science
Kimio Hiyoshi
Fuji Industrial Research Institute of Shizuoka Prefecture
Naoto Matsue and Teruo Henmi
Department of Agriculture, Ehime Univ.
We tried to synthesize the carbonized paper sludge zeolite (CPSZ) by alkali hydrothermal treatment for the carbonized paper sludge (CPS)that was collected from the paper recycling association in Fuji city of Shizuoka Prefecture. First, the synthesis conditions were optimized inlaboratory scale alkali hydrothermal experiments (alkali solvent = 20mL) on a hot plate. It was found that the coexistence of carbon-species
with the precursor of zeolite (i.e. metakaolinite) scarcely affected the crystallization of zeolite. From the measurement of N2 adsorption
isotherm, the specific surface area of carbonized material in CPS increased by 3 times through the alkali hydrothermal treatment. Next, thesynthesis of CPSZ on the semi-plant scale was carried out in a 50 L boiling reaction-chamber (alkali solvent = 40L). There was no difference
between the products in 20 mL and in 40 L alkali solvent scale experiments in terms of mineral assemblage and other physical properties. In
conclusion, the CPSZ can be mass-produced up to the scale of 2000 times with alkali solvent volume. It means that the mass-production of
CPSZ is possible to industrial scale.
Keywords: paper sludge, zeolite, alkali hydrothermal treatment, meso pore, recycle

2007年3月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL March 2007

Vol.61 No.3 CONTENTS

Process Control and Automation
General Review of30th Pulp and Paper Process Control Symposium
Process Control and Automation Committee, JAPANOn the Occasion of the Manufacturer's Presentation(Maker's Lecture), the30

TAPPI…(2)Years of History

for Instrumentation
Process Control and Automation Committee, JAPANInnovation of Technology, History and Future Technology for QCS

TAPPI…(12)Satoshi Nakamura…(23)Innovating Distributed Control System

Masatoshi Nakahara…(28)―The Past and the Future―
The WIS of Evolution and its History and Future

Masahiro Nakata…(33)

About the History and the Future of the Evolving MESYasuki Nagai…(37)Technology Innovations of Field Instruments

Fumitaka Nozawa…(43)―Technology Innovations of Flow Measurement―
A Multivariable Brightness Control of Bleaching Process by Model Predictive Control
Masahiro Kawakita, Yoshitatsu Mori and Jun Nishimura…(50)
Example of Waste Water pH Control by Fuzzy

Takayuki Ohkura…(55)

About the Adoption Made of the Other Companies DCS in the DCS Superannuation Update
Hirokazu Tanaka…(60)Improvement of DCS(Distributed Control System)Operation Under the Environmental

Yasuhiro Miki…(64)Optimization of Industrial Conditions
Installation of Next generation Webinspectionsystem and Veriﬁcation of System Performance
Tomoyoshi Kudoh…(73)Current State and Development in the Future of GelView Sensor on No.5 Coater

Yutaka Maemura…(79)Topics & Information
Report of2006TAPPI Engineering, Pulping & Environmental Conference

Koki Kisara and Shinichi Onogi…(84)Research Report(Original Paper)
Development of Manufacturing Process for High Quality Calcium Carbonate by Causticizing
Process in a Kraft Pulp Mill―Part2:Controlling Factors for Precipitation of Aragonite―
Haruo Konno, Yasunori Nanri, Hideyuki Goto, Kazuto Takahashi and Mitsutaka Kitamura…(90)Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan (66)
―Nayoro Mill, Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd.―
Committee reportOji Paperboard Co., Ltd.…(100)…(03)

Coffee break…(89)

Papyrus…(105)

Industry News(Domestic and International)…(107)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(118)

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication…(120)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(132)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(133)

Other Monthly Statistics…(135)

News from the Association…(137)

2007年3月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
On the Occasion of the Manufacturer's Presentation (Maker's Lecture), the 30 Years of History for Instrumentation
Process Control and Automation Committee, JAPAN TAPPIAs a memorial to the 30th anniversary of instrument show, we have planned a manufacturer's presentation. "The History and Future" of
instrument system are presented by various manufacturers. At the same time, we made the chronology of "The instrument technology of pulp
and paper" and insert them.

Innovation of Technology, History and Future Technology for QCS
Satoshi Nakamura
Process Solution Pulp & Paper, Honeywell Japan Co., Ltd.
Fundamental technology of basis weight sensor was funded in ʻ40s and it was used for survey meter for radiation. Since ﬁrst QCS was
introduced in '50s to the paper market, technologies for QCS were dramatically changed. Recently, Honeywell introduced new and unique
technologies as SpectraFoil, Express Moisture sensor, GalView, Laser caliper sensor and Multi variable controls for Supercalender. And
advanced camera technologies are used for new generation's sensors as formation and fiber orientation. We believe those technologies are going
to contribute making better paper in terms of quality and productivity.

Innovating Distributed Control System- The Past and the Future Masatoshi Nakahara
PA Solution Dept., YOKOGAWA Electric Corporation
Distributed Control System (DCS) appears on the market as a substitution of a panel instrument or a distributed system of Direct Digital
Controller. At the beginning stage DCS was growing based on the severe evaluation and the feedback from the customers of all processindustries and finally DCS established the firm position as one of the indispensable equipments in the process industry. During this period thetechnical development of computers was remarkable and our office environment changed drastically however the basic architecture of DCS has
not changed. This proves that DCS abstracted the necessary functions highly and integrated them from the beginning. Currently the
production activity of the company regarded as one system. All the function in the company evaluated as the contribution of the profits of thecompany as a whole. Naturally, the expected role for DCS exceeds a limit as merely a distributed control system and it should be innovated as
an important platform to operate the plant.

The WIS of Evolution and its History and Future
Masahiro Nakata
W.I.S. Group, IT Solution Division, Omron Corporation
Now, the demand to the improvement in quality from a market increases further, and especially the quality demand of the surface defect ofthe packing material of food and medicine is remarkable. Each packing material maker planned the performance rise of surface defective
inspection equipment more often, in order to respond to it. On the other hand, low cost and rationalization are advanced for company survival.
OMRON had about 2500 sets of the history of the enterprise of about 30 years. The delivery track records, expectation and a demand to thedomestic maker from a user also had a severe thing especially. Positioning in the field of WIS is also severe and the equipment trouble has
become a situation of carrying out a line stop and making it restore. Therefore, the demand of reliability to 24-hour operation is high. Also inorder to answer to the expectation and the demand patronage-obtained for years from a user, in OMRON, it supposes that a model change isundergone as inspection equipment of the 7th generation, and came to develop "Super NASP". "Super NASP" is used as the indicator which
respects and develops the opinion of a user, specification is determined as the basis of cooperation of a user. The viewpoint of its history,
present, and future of WIS has described the text.

About the History and the Future of the Evolving MESYasuki Nagai
Industrial Systems Solutions Department
Industrial Systems Division
TOSHIBA MITSUBISHI-ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS CORPORATIONIn this paper, we introduce MES (Manufacturing execution System). We ﬁrst describe the history, and, next, explain the system that applies
the Web applications as one of the latest technologies of MES.
As a merit of the system that applies this technology, the long-term use for the application software, and the extendibility of the system areshown. It explains the function of the information system in the future at the end.

Technology Innovations of Field Instruments- Technology Innovations of Flow Measurement Fumitaka Nozawa
Yamatake Corporation, Advanced Automation Company
Industrial Products Marketing Department
The customers utilize the diﬀerential pressure ﬂowmeters and electromagnetic ﬂowmeters on their sites to measure steams and pulp slurries.
However these flowmeters have some issues to measure them stably. Especially the differential pressure flowmeters have clogging problems in
the lead pipe, and the electromagnetic flowmeters have adhesive problems on the lining by pulp slurries. In this writing , I will propose thesolutions for steams applications, and for black liquor and green liquor applications.

A Multivariable Brightness Control of Bleaching Process by Model Predictive Control
Masahiro Kawakita
Kasugai Mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
Yoshitatsu Mori
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
Jun Nishimura
Industrial Solutions Business Headquarters, Yokogawa Electric Corporation
The needs of the optimal control for paper mills are increasing. The optimal control can reduce the cost and increase the productivity. MPC(Model Predictive Control) is a controller which can control the multivariable and long delay time system optimally, so the MPC is suitable forthe optimal control of the paper plant.
We applied the MPC system to the soft wood bleaching process of the KASUGAI Mill for the brightness control. The purpose of thebrightness control is to stabilize the discharged final pulp brightness and to decrease the chemical cost.
The sequence ﬂow of the target bleaching process consists of [D1-E/O-P-D2] stages. At ﬁrst, we applied this MPC system to the D2 stage ofthe bleaching process to verify the controllability of MPC to bleach process. As the result, we could see the contribution effect of the MPC
system to stabilize the final brightness. The next target is to expand and to improve the MPC system to cover the whole process of the bleachplant.

Example of Waste Water pH Control by Fuzzy
Takayuki Ohkura
Saga Mill, Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd.
Seven loops of pH control for wastewater treatment plant at Oji Paperboard Saga Mill, which used to be taken control of with conventional
PID algorithm, did not totally satisfy with its control response.

Generally, pH controls for neutralization process have non-linear characteristics. In addition, dead time would be long at the wastewater
treatment plant because of limited installation location of pH meter and would vary depending upon discharge volume. Accordingly, time
consuming fine tuning procedure for PID parameters just covers some specific conditions, but never represents satisfactorily entire status of theplant.
In this article, introduction of fuzzy control system in two out of seven pH control loops which had worse performance and had been strongly
claimed for modification, significant improvement in control response and reduction of neutralizing agent cost after installation as well as
principle of two loops with fuzzy system are summarized.

About the Adoption Made of the Other Companies DCS in the DCS Superannuation Update
Hirokazu Tanaka
Soka Mill, Nippon Daisyowa Paperboard Kannto Co., Ltd.
DCS introduced ﬁrst in the grass processing place has passed 20 years since it operated, and has come to interfere from the production
stoppage to the spending passing of time increase remodeling.
In addition, the problem of the part supply and the maintenance time limit was instituted by the manufacturer, and the examination of thesystem update in parallel with the life prolongment measures started.
It was judged that it was possible to change in a short time comparatively because the update by the migration method was proposed byanother manufacturer, and the update of the entire system became possible without detaching external wiring and executed it though a phased
partial update by the same manufacturer was examined from the relation between the budget and the construction period at first. It reports on
the update case by the migration this time.

Improvement of DCS (Distributed Control System) Operation Under the Environmental Optimization of Industrial Conditions
Yasuhiro Miki
Mishima Mill, Daio Paper Corp.
For the last 4 or 5 years, incidents of DCS failure had been increasing at our Mishima Mill. Due to the increasing downtime these events werecausing, the company undertook an in-house project to identify the causes and develop methods of reducing such failures.
We analyzed the system's environment and the hardware's susceptibility to a number of potential irritants such as dust, temperature,humidity levels and corrosive gases (like hydrogen sulfide(H2S), sulfur dioxide (SO2), etc.) to see if we could reveal an obvious culprit. Our
team also focused on improving the general conditions in control rooms and computer areas to make them more machine-friendly.
In this report we detail the processes we followed to isolate the control system's physical vulnerability vectors and the steps we've since taken
which have resulted in a marked decrease in the number of hardware failures.

Installation of Next-generation Web-inspection-system and Verification of System Performance
Tomoyoshi Kudoh
Ishinomaki Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
The web-inspection-system is one of the indispensable systems as a tool of a quality control and defective cause investigation for paper
making.
Nowadays, reconversion of the system is achieved as full-digital system according to digital camera adoption. Nippon Paper Industries has beendeveloped the next-generation web inspection system in collaboration with OMRON in earnest since March, 2005.
In this paper, conquest of the weak point of an old Analog web-inspection-system and the circumstances of the improvement, theintroduction details and quality assessment to the present stage of the system, and the future view are described.

Current State and Development in the Future of GelView Sensor on No.5 Coater
Yutaka Maemura
Maintenance and Engineering Dept., Mitsubishi Paper Engineering Co., Ltd.

Old Honeywell QCS (MX-2002ET) on No.5 Coater in Hachinohe Mill was upgraded to new Honeywell QCS (DaVinci) on August 2005.
DaVinci System can consolidate various Honeywell new sensors. The one of them is GelView sensors which are installed in the dryer tomeasure the coating surface quality directly after the coater head. GelView would make it possible to optimize the evaporation rate in MD
position and coating speed, which lead to the improvement of the coating quality and the reduction of the energy of the dryer. GelView sensors
were installed in June, 2006.
In this article, the results of the introducing GelView and the future of GelView would be reported.

Report of 2006 TAPPI Engineering, Pulping & Environmental Conference
Koki Kisara
Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
Shinichi Onogi
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
2006 TAPPI Engineering, Pulping & Environmental Conference was held in Atlanta, GA, USA from November 6 to 8. This conference
included 110 presentations, 5 Panel sessions and 4 Workshops. In this report, the review of the conference and some presentations arepresented.

Development of Manufacturing Process for High Quality Calcium Carbonate by Causticizing Process in a Kraft Pulp Mill- Part2: Controlling Factors for Precipitation of Aragonite Haruo Konno, Yasunori Nanri and Hideyuki Goto
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Kazuto Takahashi
Gotsu Mill, Nippon Paper Chemicals Co., Ltd.
Mitsutaka Kitamura
University of Hyogo, Graduate School of Engineering

Precipitated calcium carbonate is produced as a by-product in the causticization step of the kraft pulping process. There are many advantages
to use this by-product, causticizing calcium carbonate (CCC), as filler and coating pigment in paper. By using this CCC for paper materials,
lime-kiln operation can be shortened or stopped, resulting in the reduction of fuel oil for calcination of calcium carbonate. Furthermore,accumulated impurities in the lime cycle can be removed constantly. In our previous reports, we showed that aragonite crystal with high quality
performance was obtained in the causticizing reaction. However, it is not clear the reason why high quality aragonite crystal could be obtainedby the causticizing reaction. In this paper, the effect of reaction conditions on the precipitation of aragonite was precisely investigated. The
results showed that aragonite crystal could be obtained under the conditions at optimum temperatures with low CO concentration. In addition,
the presence of NaOH in the mother liquor accelerated the precipitation of aragonite crystal. These favorable conditions to precipitate
aragonite crystal can be easily formed in the causticizing reaction; therefore, causticizing reaction is suitable to produce aragonite crystal.

Keywords: Causticizing reaction, calcium carbonate, aragonite, crystallization

2007年4月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL April 2007

Vol.61 No.4 CONTENTS

Welcoming New Graduates
Characteristics of Technical Development in the Japanese Paper Industry

Kiyoaki Iida…(3)―A Welcoming for Newcomers to the Industry―
Remodelling Eﬀects and Operating Experience of ISHINOMAKI PM N5

Hiroki Nagata…(8)Operational Experience of Gas Engine

Kazuyoshi Seo…(15)―Reduction of CO2

by Energy Plant Conversion―

Application of Photocatalytic Eﬀect to Coated Papers

Hidehiko Kai…(19)Eﬀorts for Green Procurement of Raw Materials

Yoshiaki Matsubayashi…(24)Development of Water―resistant Paper

Masaaki Fukunaga…(31)―Compatible with Color Laser Printers『OPER MDP』―
Operating Experience of RPF Boiler at Oita Mill

Yoshinobu Koike…(35)Latest Development in Forming Technology

Timo Valkama and Takashi Akazawa…(40)

Estimation of Yield Variation in KP Mill

Junji Tanaka…(45)The Inﬂuence of Wet End Chemicals on Paper Density and Strength―The Eﬀect of Paper Additives Used for"Bulky Paper"―Masayuki Takishita, Yohei Otsuka and Daijiro Arai…(50)Introduction of Paper Technology Center for Stock Preparation

Takayuki Kokubun…(56)―Introduction of the Stock Preparation Trial Facility―
Structural Analysis of Water Resistance Paper Using New Types of Materials
Yoko Saito, Liu Xiang, Hideki Touda and Junji Kasai…(65)Topics & Information
A Report on ABTCP―TAPPI2006

Kunitaka Toyofuku…(70)―39th Pulp and Paper International Congress & Exhibition―
Introduction of Research Laboratories(58)Hattori Laboratory, Department of Natural Resources and Eco―materials, Graduate School of
Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology…(76)

Research Report(Original Paper)Eﬀect of Surface Properties of Base Paper on Print Quality

Hiroshi Koyamoto and Koji Okomori…(80)―Application of Pre―calendering at High Temperature―
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(67)―TOHO TOKUSHU PULP CO., LTD., KITAKAMI MILL―TOHO TOKUSHU PULP CO., LTD.…(87)Committee report…(03)

Essay on Intellectual Property…(78)

Coffee break…(79)

Papyrus…(90)

Industry News(Domestic and International)…(93)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(104)

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication…(106)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(112)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(113)

Other Monthly Statistics…(115)

News from the Association…(117)

2007年4月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
Characteristics of Technical Development in the Japanese Paper Industry-A Welcoming for Newcomers to the IndustryKiyoaki Iida
Project for preserving and publicizing technical archives of the Japanese paper industry

Though it has been disadvantageous in wood resource and energy supply, the Japanese paper industry has been one of major paper producers
in the world. That fact demonstrates that the Japanese paper industry has technical capability, comparable to other major players in the world.
Technical capability is not easy to deﬁne, as it has many faces. So, it is divided in six categories, namely strategic planning, wood resource
development, energy conservation, productivity and quality control, environment preservation and R & D power. The historical efforts of theindustry in these six categories are reviewed.
It turns out that the Japanese paper industry has been coping with successive changes and diﬃculties in the business with its technicalcapability. Its flexible and challenging attitude toward problems is deserved to be proud of. With that capability, the industry has been survived
in the international competition.
The industry will face diﬃculties in the future as it had in the past. It will be ﬂexible and challenging as it did.

Remodelling Effects and Operating Experience of ISHINOMAKI PM N5
Hiroki Nagata
Ishinomaki Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Paper Machine N5 in Ishinomaki Mill started the operation on 1988 as on-line blade coating machine. This is one of the nucleus machines
which produces approximately 500-ton of LWC per day.
In 2005 September, in order to achieve following "Quality improvement", "Production increase" and "Reduction of labor",a large-scale
remodelling was installed.
(1) On top former conversion(2) 3P shoe press conversion(3) On-line hot soft nip calendar addition(4) Reel center wind conversion(5) Disuse of the rereeler and super calendar(6) Automated winder core supply system additionand so on.
This report is described about the remodelling summary and the latest operation experience of PM N5.

Operational Experience of Gas Engine-Reduction of CO2 by Energy Plant ConversionKazuyoshi Seo
Takasago Mill, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited
Today, environment protection and energy-savings are crucial issue not only for industries but also for households and individuals.
MPM carries an environment charter and slash of carbon-dioxide emission is regarded as one of the major subjects to be tackled. One
example is the implementation of a power plant in Takasago mill operated by high-efficiency gas engine. The plant, with the help of ESCO,
materialized co-generation and turning the fuel from petroleum to gas. We will accomplish the reduction of carbon-dioxide emission in
Takasago mill by 27% in accordance with our plan.

Application of Photocatalytic Effect to Coated Papers
Hidehiko Kai
Pulp and Paper Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

Titanium dioxide works as a photocatalyst oxidizing most of organic matter strongly under the light which has a wavelength around 400 nm
or shorter than 400 nm. Organic matter is decomposed to CO2, H2O, and so on. In these days, there are many products with the functions of
deodorization, sterilization, and self-cleaning in the market. Photocatalyst TiO2 has extremely small diameter around 10 to 20 nm. The reasonof being nano order is large surface area. For instance, the average diameter of 150 nm TiO2 is estimated about 10 m2/g, while 7 nm TiO2 hasa greater surface area of 320 m2. We found that titanium dioxide which has diameter around 10 nm works most effective when then are applied
as a coating pigment. We have developed unique "photocatalyst paper" with air purifying effect. TiO2 surface modified with decomposablebinder by TiO2 were used to avoid chalking. The photo catalytic paper includes new technologies such as preventing chalking and printability
control.

Efforts for Green Procurement of Raw Materials
Yoshiaki Matsubayashi
Environmental Management Department, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
In 1994, Oji Paper introduced its own New Raw Material Safety Sheets to improve the chemical substance management. Under this cuttingedge green procurement system, new raw materials are evaluated whether they can be safely handled by employees in our mills and used in our
products, and also reviewed to prevent environmental pollution.
The Oji Paper Group requests suppliers to provide our Safety Sheets ahead of the trial of new raw materials, and when they include
substances that do not meet the criteria established, the trial can be stopped.
JIS Z 7250 requires manufacturers and importers that sell chemical substances to provide Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) to customers,
which contains information on the safety and proper handling of chemical substances. The Oji Paper Group obtains MSDS prior to the trial of
new raw materials. However, it is often the case that the information on MSDS from suppliers is inadequate for assessing the raw materials toensure the safety during production and use, and for complying with the green procurement of our customers. Accordingly, the system of ourunique New Raw Material Safety Sheets is becoming more important in these days and progressing to attain our green procurement.

Development of Water-Resistant Paper-Compatible with Color Laser Printers『OPER MDP』Masaaki Fukunaga
Product Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
A waterproof paper "OPER", which maintains the same characteristics as general papers like 'softness', 'printability', 'convertibility', is used in
a commercial printing and converting fields. As recently in a commercial printing field, on-demand printing is growing remarkably, wedeveloped "OPER MDP" for color laser printings. As a countermeasure against high temperature treatment in the laser beam printing, "OPER
MDP" is composed of a sheet of paper with higher internal bond strength and heat-resisting resin layers are extrusion laminated on both side of
the sheet. And on the heat-resisting layers, coating layers are given to improve the electric properties and the fixing with toner. In this paper, we
would like to show the significant characteristics of the newly developed "OPER MDP" and how we develop the product.

Operating Experience of RPF Boiler at Oita Mill
Yoshinobu Koike
Oita Mill, Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd.
Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd., Oita Mill, using favorable geographical conditions, has started its operation on November 1957. Since then as
environmentally friendly products, the Mill has been producing corrugated paper and white board paper. Particularly considering theenvironment seriously, we have installed facilities and have been trying to preserve the local and global environment.
The Mill has been operating a clean boiler, whose main fuel is RPF (Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel). RPF consists of mixture of recovered paperthat is hard to be used as material for recycled paper and also waste plastic, which contributes to reduce the waste globally. Furthermore,comparing to the fossil fuel, RPF generates less CO2, which leads to contributes to prevent the global warming.
Here, the outline, character and operational records of the RPF (#2) boiler and its electric generator(steam condition;11.6Mpa×541℃,max200t/h) facilities are reported.

Latest Development in Forming Technology
Timo Valkama
Metso Paper Inc.
Takashi Akazawa
Metso-SHI Co., Ltd.
The ability of a papermachine to provide value for its owners depends, to a large extend, on the technical concepts chosen. The main
components of a machine are developed in phases over the years. As a consequence, the key sections of a papermachine may have different
operating ranges. Each new section can be utilized only partially, if other sections do not fully support the operating range of the new section.
The new ValShoe and BelShoe technology developed by Metso Paper will improve the productivity and proﬁtability of hybrid formers andbring exiting BelBaie formers BelBaie's to competetive level with gaptechnology. The new technology is cost-effective and competitive with anyother technical solution available today. Considering the existing limitation and unutilized capacity of current production lines, ValFormer and
BelBaie V technologies open up new opportunities for increasing the lifetime of the entire production line.

Estimation of Yield Variation in KP Mill
Junji Tanaka
Research and Development Center, Kawasaki Kasei Chemicals Ltd.
SAQ® has been used as a cooking additive in many kraft pulp (KP) mills. This process is known as "Quinone Cooking". In order to establish aconvenient method for estimation of KP yield variation by SAQ addition in pulp mill, analysis of black liquor is investigated.
The yield variations by SAQ addition were compared between analysis of black liquor and actual measurement of pulp weight using thelaboratory test sample. This result that estimated the variation of pulp yield was in agreement with the calculated value by actual measurementof pulp.
Mill scale trials were conducted to examine the eﬀect of SAQ. Black liquor samples were used the extracted liquor from a digester. As a result,the increases of pulp yield were observed by analysis of black liquor in all trials.

The Influence of Wet End Chemicals on Paper Density and Strength-The Effect of Paper Additives Used for "Bulky Paper"Masayuki Takishita, Yohei Otsuka and Daijiro Arai
Paper Chemicals Division, Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Low-density paper is now most trendy in Japanese market in recent years. Consumption of low-density paper, called "bulky paper", becomes
higher and the market grows getting larger. Many types of "bulky paper" have been developed, and most of them are used for high quality
printing paper, million-seller book, wood-free printing paper, and so on.
One of the most important feature of "bulky paper" is a thickness of the paper. Although the basis weight of paper is same, bulky paper isthicker, lighter and softer than traditional ones. Paper strength of bulky paper is supposed to be weaker, therefore, it is important to prevent
decreasing tensile strength or internal bond strength of the paper. In order to produce well-balanced sheet, addition level of paper strength
agent, such as cationic starch, modified polyacrylamide, and bulking promoters (agent), organic and inorganic compounds, are discussed.

Introduction of Paper Technology Center for Stock Preparation-Introduction of the Stock Preparation Trial FacilityTakayuki Kokubun
Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
In order to meet our customers' demands, Voith Paper and VIPT (Voith IHI Paper Technology) are ready to conduct stock preparation trials.
Each single equipment trial as well as systematic trial can be conducted by customers' various requirements. Depending on what they would liketo test, through reviewing the situation we can offer the most appropriate trial condition in advance and advise what trial facilities would be themost suitable one for them.

Now, here we would like to introduce the stock preparation trial facilities of Voith Paper, Ravensburg and Heidenheim mills and VIPT's
Paper Technology Center.

Structural Analysis of Water Resistance Paper Using New Types of Materials
Yoko Saito, Liu Xiang, Hideki Touda and Junji Kasai
ZEON CORPORATION, R&D Center Elastomer & C5 Chemicals
We developed new materials that are called PVA-graft-Latexes. PVA-graft-Latexes are produced by grafting reaction of PVA as protective
colloid on the surface of polymer particles. When we coat these PVA-graft-Latexes on the substrate materials such as papers, they show
excellently high water resistance. We observed the latex films by using AFM. The structure of the coated film using PVA-graft-Latexes has notchanged before and after contact with water. On the other hand, the coated film using conventional latexes has changed remarkably. The
contact angle of the coated film using PVA-graft-Latexes was higher than that of conventional latexes.
In this report we describe the characteristics and application of PVA-g-Latexes as water resistance papers with results of structural analysis.

A Report on ABTCP-TAPPI 2006
-39th Pulp and Paper International Congress & ExhibitionKunitaka Toyofuku
JAPAN TAPPIThe 39th ABTCP Pulp and Paper International Congress & Exhibition was held in Sao Paulo, Brazil on October 15-18, 2006 co-hosted by
ABTCP and TAPPI.
There were 8 special presentations by representative of association of the world and 68 general presentations on 6 sessions.
Reﬂecting of positive overseas activity of ABTCP and growth of Brazilian pulp & paper industry, there were quite many presentations fromforeign countries.
Special mention is enormousness of the attached exhibition. In the area of 10,000m2, 250 exhibitions were performed.
After the meeting, I visited eucalyptus aﬀorestations, Cenibra in Brazil and each subsidiary company of Nippon Paper Industries and
Mitsubishi Paper Mills in Chile.

Effect of Surface Properties of Base Paper on Print Quality-Application of Pre-calendering at High TemperatureHiroshi Koyamoto and Koji Okomori
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
The uniformity of coating layer is one of the most important properties of coated paper in terms of the print quality. If the coating layer is not
uniform, poor print qualities such as mottling in offset printing might be occurred. The uniformity of coating layer is affected by surface
properties of base paper such as roughness and porosity, and penetration of coating color into base paper. Pre-calendering is used to improvethese properties of base paper, which leads to better coverage and uniformity of coating layer. For the pre-calendering of base paper, hard nip
calender has been widely used. On the other hand, hot soft nip calender (HSNC) has been used as post-calender for coated paper. Comparing
with conventional method like supercalender or soft nip calender (SNC), HSNC has advantages as followings, 1) increase of paper density isrelatively small, 2) smoothness is higher at the same calendering linear load. In this study, the effect of HSNC for pre-calendering wasinvestigated by comparing with/without pre-calendering using SNC (the temperature was different from HSNC). As a result of thiscomparison, mottling of LWC was improved by pre-calendering using HSNC. The base paper pre-calendered with HSNC has smaller pore
diameter on the surface than that with supercalender or SNC. As a consequent, the coating coverage of base paper was improved by HSNC.
Keywords: Pre-calender, Hot soft nip calender (HSNC), Coated paper, mottling2007年5月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL May 2007

Vol.61 No.5 CONTENTS

Energy Saving I
Energy Saving by Remodeling the Existing Boiler to the Gas Firing

Kazuaki Shimizu…(3)Black Liquor Evaporation to High Dry Solids with Crystallization Technology
Heikki Jaakola and Tetsuo Hatano…(9)Steam Saving by Waste―Heat Recovery from Pulping Wastewater
Energy Saving Cases in Kraft Pulping Section

Susumu Chiba…(13)Hidemori Ninomiya…(17)

Steam Turbine New Sealing and Clearance―controlling Technologies

Nobuhiro Osaki…(20)Reduction of Heavy Oil Consumption in Lime Kiln

Ryo Konishi…(28)Saving Fuel Oil by Capacity Increase of No.4Boiler

Tatsuya Kamada…(34)Case Studies of Collecting Our Waste―Heat at Mishima Mill, Daio Paper Corporation

Taku Fujita…(38)Power Consumption Reduction by Modifying Oil―outlet and Pressurizing Shoe of CCR

Katsuyuki Fukushima…(42)Topics & InformationRole and Eﬀect of Ionic Groups of Polymer as a Surface Sizing Agent

Takahiro Fujiwara…(46)

Estimation of the Cost of Aﬀorestation by the Cost Analysis
Tokiya Yaguchi, Takayuki Sato, Masato Takagi and Shigehiro Okamura…(52)A Report on the20th ISO/TC6Meeting
Takayuki Okayama, Takashi Yaezawa, Shisei Goto and Tadashi Kano…(65)2006Research Projects of Universities and Government Research Institutes

Wood Science Committee, JAPAN TAPPI…(74)Research Report(Original Paper)
Development of Method for Analyzing Internal Properties of Coated Paper:Image Analysis
Using X―ray Microtomography
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan

Yusuke Kondo and Cyrus K. Aidun…(83)(68)―Fushiki Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.―

Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.…(92)Committee report…(03)

Coffee break…(82)

Papyrus…(97)

Industry News(Domestic and International)…(99)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(110)

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication…(112)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(123)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(124)

Other Monthly Statistics…(126)

News from the Association…(128)

2007年5月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
Energy Saving by Remodeling the Existing Boiler to the Gas Firing
Kazuaki Shimizu
Hokuetsu Paper Mills, Ltd.
In the Nagaoka Mill of Hokuetsu Paper Mills, Ltd. we have maintained the mill, considering environmental protection (reducing CO2 etc.)
and energy-saving. Under the recent sudden rise in prices of oil, further improvement in environmental protection, energy-saving andreduction of energy costs has come to be urgent. We determined to adapt our heavy oil boiler plant for natural gas that is supposed to be themost effective way to solve the above problems. The remodeling of all our existing boiler plants finished in November last year. In this report,
we introduce the point and the effect of the remodeling.

Black Liquor Evaporation to High Dry Solids with Crystallization Technology
Heikki Jaakola
Evaporator Technology, Andritz Oy
Tetsuo Hatano
Evaporation Technology, Andritz KK
Modern pulp mills have improved their energy eﬃciency by increasing ﬁring liquor dry solids concentrations. Steam production in a recovery
boiler can be increased over 2% when the firing liquor dry solids content is increased from 75% to 80% /1/. At the same time also SO2emissions are practically eliminated.
When black liquor is evaporated to concentrations over 50-55% sodium salts start to precipitate from the liquor. The precipitated salts form
crystals in the liquor and more or less scale on the evaporator heating surfaces. Traditionally the scale is removed from the surfaces by sequenceswitching technique, which may require water washing even daily.
The scaling formation on the heating surfaces can be reduced remarkably by mixing electro static precipitator ash in the liquor before highdry solids concentration. The ash particles act as centers of crystallization (seeds / nuclei). The crystallization takes place on the ash particles,
not on the heating surfaces and the need for the washings will be reduced remarkably.
This paper describes Andritz’s concept for high dry solids evaporation with crystallization technology.

Steam Saving by Waste-Heat Recovery from Pulping Wastewater
Susumu Chiba
Hachinohe Mill, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited
In Hachinohe mill of Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited, an energy saving is forwarded as an urgent task for a cost-reduction theme which is set
in "Pheonix Plan" of our company. An energy-utilization committee and an executive meeting of international organization for standardization(ISO) 14001 in our mill are organized with same members to link efforts for the task. Thus, we are tackling an improvement of a specificenergy-consumption grasping an effect of the energy saving in real time.
In this paper, eﬀects of facilities, which started running in November 2006 for a waste-heat recovery from wastewater, on the energy saving
were described. These efforts were conducted for saving an increased steam usage in a papermaking process by decreased water temperature in
winter. Water temperature was increased in the papermaking process by recovering waste-heat which had been discharged to the atmospherefrom a cooling tower of pulping wastewater. This considerably improved a specific steam-consumption in the process.

Energy Saving Cases in Kraft Pulping Section
Hidemori Ninomiya
Pulping Section in Sendai Mill, Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.
Recently, there has been an urgent need to reduce the cost in pulp and paper mills, since the cost of raw materials and fuels such as raw woodand crude petroleum has risen. Energy consumption in pulping section is high, then it leads to high production cost.
Its reduction even a little could contributes to company’s proﬁts.

In this article, energy conservation which has been achieved by optimizing the use of warm water, ﬁltrate and operating condition in thebleaching process, is reported.

Steam Turbine New Sealing and Clearance-controlling Technologies
Nobuhiro Osaki
Power Plant Service Center Power Systems Headquarters,
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
In order to reply the recent growing needs for energy saving, we focused the steam leak which is one of the most aﬀective to degradation ofefficiency and developed and applied for new technology to reduce leak loss.
Leaf seal is a new type of seal. It is diﬀerent type from conventional labyrinth seal. It has superior feature of good sealing and avoidance of theheat by contact to the rotor. ACC (Active Clearance Control) seal can change the clearance between during start & stop and during load
operation. It prevents contact during start & stop and keeps smaller clearance in order to gain efficiency during load operation. Cooling cellprevents contact between lower half of the casing and the rotor by decreasing the differential temperature between upper and lower half casing.
First we applied these new technologies to our in-house power plant for veriﬁcation. After conﬁrmation of performance and reliability forthese new technologies, we applied them to commercial unit without any problems.
We introduce these new sealing and clearance-controlling technologies.

Reduction of Heavy Oil Consumption in Lime Kiln
Ryo Konishi
Oji Engineering Co., Ltd., Kushiro Dept.
Kushiro Mill produces 700 thousand tons per year of newsprint, coated paper, mechanical paper and linerboard by four machines with pulp
plants (KP, RGP, DIP and OCC). Based on The Oji Paper Group’s Environmental Charter, Kushiro mill has positively used recycled resources
for Product design and process of manufacture with small environmental burden. Because of the increase in the wastepaper utilization rate,
Kraft pulp and The Black liquor production decrease every year.
The Black liquor from KP plant is used Recovery Boiler for recollection of heat and White liquor, so it is important to reduce the energy costin the mill.
Since the Black liquor has decreased, a process that produces White liquor and Lime must been operated minimum rate.
In this report, I describe eﬃciency improvement of Lime Kiln to reduce Heavy Oil consumption.

Saving Fuel Oil by Capacity Increase of No.4 Boiler
Tatsuya Kamada
Nippon Daishowa Paperboard Tohoku Corporation
In accordance with our environmental policy; "Resources & Energy Saving" and "Reducing & Recycling of Waste", we constructed a Waste
Heat Power Generation Plant (named No.4 Boiler) and started commercial operation of the plant on October 2003.
The Plant runs on Paper Sludge and Waste Tire without auxiliary fuel (i.e. fossil fuel) and generates high temperatures and pressures steam
stably with Waste Heat Boiler and generates 14,000 kW.
We have achieved certain reducing of fossil fuel consumption, and we improved the plant for further resources saving. We increased thesteam generation capacity from 65 ton/h to 73 ton/h by adding biomass fuel (i.e. wood chip) to cut tire and paper sludge. And we started
operation of the plant on February 2005. We successfully could reduce the fuel consumption of No.2 Boiler by supplying the increased steam of
No.4 Boiler through the new process piping.
Now we will present an overview of construction work and operation experience of the plant.

Case Studies of Collecting Our Waste-Heat at Mishima Mill, Daio Paper Corporation
Taku FujitaMishima Mill, Daio Paper Corporation
The power generating facility at Misihima Mill has a 531 MW standard output and consists of 18 boilers and 14 turbines. It supplies all theelectricity used by the facility and its surplus electricity output is sold to the market.
After the oil crises of the 1970’s, Daio Paper shifted from a dependence on petroleum towards coal. Since 1985 we have also attempted toincrease energy production efficiency in the power plant by raising the pressure and the temperature in the boilers and installing new turbines.
Additionally increased our production of recycled pulp in the production process because it requires less energy than wood chip processing. In
2005, we accomplished a 17% reduction in fossil fuel energy consumption based on tonnage of output compared to 1990.
We are trying to accomplish a 23% reduction by 2010 compared with 1990 levels in fossil fuel energy consumption based on tonnage of
output, a 20% reduction in carbon dioxide consumption.
Case studies of our energy curtailment eﬀorts at Mishima Mill are discussed in the following section

Power Consumption Reduction by Modifying Oil-outlet and Pressurizing Shoe of CCR
Katsuyuki Fukushima
Facility Department of Maintenance Section, Tomioka Mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
CCR (Controlled Crown Roll) is one of important equipments to get even dewatering in the cross machine direction.
It was developed jointly by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. and Beloit Corp. over thirty years ago. And many CCRs are still in operation.
But paper machine speeds has been increased 1.5 times compared with the original design by a lot of rebuilds. Therefore, many problems
recently happen.
We will introduce some trouble cases maintenance engineers faces on and solutions. And also, an example of save energy by modiﬁcations of
CCR on second press in Tomioka PM9 will be introduced, too.

Role and Effect of Ionic Groups of Polymer as a Surface Sizing Agent
Takahiro Fujiwara
Paper Chemicals Division, Harima Chemicals, Inc.
In this paper, sizing behaviors of synthetic water-soluble polymer surface sizing agents with diﬀerent ionic charges were investigated using
bleached kraft pulp base papers prepared in various conditions. The sizing efficiency of anionic surface sizing agent (A-SFS) was proportional
to the alum content in the base paper, and the addition of CaCO3 to the base paper reduced its effect apparently. On the other hand, it was
found that the sizing behavior of cationic surface sizing agent (C-SFS) depended on the presence of CaCO3. While the sizing efficiency of CSFS rose with the increase of alum content in the base paper without CaCO3, that of C-SFS tended to drop with the increase of alum content in
the base paper with the addition of either 10 or 20% CaCO3.
These results indicate that C-SFS develops surface sizing on papers with more complicated mechanism than the case of A-SFS. Furthermore,
we suggest a novel mechanism of surface sizing by using various analytical techniques as well.

Estimation of the Cost of Afforestation by the Cost Analysis
Tokiya Yaguchi, Takayuki Sato, Masato Takagi and Shigehiro Okamura
Research Planning Group
Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth
In order to calculate the cost of carbon dioxide ﬁxation by the large scale aﬀorestation (AF) for the reduction of the global greenhouse gas,
we have analyzed in detail about the one model AF data and 4 publication AF data. In this report, we have defined the unit cost of accumulated(Acc) AF cost by US$/ha/year as below.
The unit cost of Acc AF cost by US$/ha/year= The Acc AF cost by US$/the Acc area of AF by ha/year
As a result, we have obtained an estimated (Est.) cost of AF by US$/ha/year with the functional formulas of the AF year (n) and the grossdomestic product per capita (GDP/cap) of the AF country.
Est. cost of AF by US$/ha/year = 130 + 0.0341×n-0.445×GDP/cap (20≦n≦30)
There is a significant coefficient (R2 = 0.88) in 44 data between the real Acc total cost of AF and the est. value.

By the same token, we have obtained Est. Cost of AF by US$/ha/year among 3 to 30 years of AF.
Est. Cost of AF by US$/ha/year = 800×n-0.566 + 0.141×n-0.879×GDP/cap (3≦n≦30)
In this case, there is a nearly equal coefficient (R2 = 0.90) in 157 data between the real Acc. Total Cost of AF and the Est. Cost of AF.
Keywords: cost of afforestation, estimation, cost analysis, afforestation years, gross domestic
product per capita

A Report on the 20th ISO/TC6 Meeting
Takayuki Okayama*1, Takashi Yaezawa*2, Shisei Goto*3 and Tadashi Kano*4*1 Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology*2 Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
*3 Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
*4 Japan Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry
ISO/TC6 meeting was held on November 13-17, 2006 in Atlanta, USA. The number of registered delegates representing seventeen countries
was seventy three.
Four delegates representing Japan attended WG meetings, plenary meetings of SC2 and SC5, and TC6 plenary meeting.

Development of Method for Analyzing Internal Properties of Coated Paper: Image Analysis Using X-ray Microtomography
Yusuke Kondo
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Cyrus K. Aidun
G. W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering
Georgia Institute of Technology
This paper reports a technique, based on analysis of X-ray micro-tomography images to analyze the internal properties of coated paper
through the thickness direction (ZD). The image analysis method for paper applications using μCT have been developed by a few groups, but
the method that can analyze these images to obtain the full range of properties in detail has not been presented before.
The internal properties include formation and ﬁber orientation distribution through the thickness direction (ZD), as well as ash and pore
distribution in x-y- and z-directions. The image analysis technique involved many steps including axial conversion, filtering, binarization,skeletonization and alignment. The method is applied for analysis of two kinds of coated paper and the results provide interesting insight for
papermaking.
Keywords: X-ray tomography, ash, formation, fiber orientation, distribution, image analysis,
Z-direction, pore

2007年6月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL June 2007

Vol.61 No.6 CONTENTS

Energy Saving II
Results of the Fy2006Follow-up to JPA's Voluntary Action Plan and Report of Energy

Osamu Inada…(1)Situation in the Pulp and Paper Industry in Japan
Introduction of Save Energy Type Cl&K Removal System

Tsunenori Okamura…(13)-Consideration of Chloride Ion & Potassium Ion Removal System for Solution ofElectrical Precipitator Ash from the Point View of Save EnergyEnergy Saving with LP-Screen

Atsushi Nishida…(19)Steam Stabilization and Energy Conservation for a Coal Boiler by Using a Model-Driven PID
Controller
Michihiro Fujiyama, Hiroshi Egi, Takashi Shigemasa and Fumio Kojima…(24)Energy Saving in the OCC Pulping Process

Kenya Horikawa…(32)

The Activity of"Energy Saving Team"

Akira Takahashi…(38)Topics & Information
Fiber Properties-Paper Quality

Bertil Olsson and Takuya Maekawa…(43)-Multidimensional Fiber CharacterizationImproved Runnability and Drying Capacity through New Technology
The New Contactless Level Gauge and Density Meter:Accurate Measurement by

Kari Juppi and Kouichi Yuuki…(49)
Hiraku Miyashita…(57)

Using a Weak Gamma Source
Bearing Solution for Paper Plant
Performance and Function that are Demanded of Next Generation Inspection System

Kunio Osaki…(61)Terumasa Miyamoto…(65)Introduction of Research Laboratories(59)Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Materials, Department of Forest and Forest…(70)

Products Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate Schools of Kyushu University
Research Report(Original Paper)
Characterization of Coating Color Penetration by Laser Scanning Microscopy

Kenji Hirai and Douglas W. Bousfield…(74)Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(69)-Sanda Plant, Rengo Co., Ltd.-

Rengo Co., Ltd.…(82)Committee report…(03)

Essay on Intellectual Property…(72)

Coffee break…(73)

Papyrus…(86)

Industry News(Domestic and International)…(89)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(100)

List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication…(102)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(114)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(115)

Other Monthly Statistics…(117)

News from the Association…(119)

2007年6月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
Results of the Fy2006 follow-up to JPA's Voluntary Action Plan and Report of Energy Situation in the Pulp and Paper Industry in Japan
Osamu Inada
Japan Paper Association
The Japan Paper Association (JPA) has been actively working to save energy since 1997 when it established its "Voluntary Action Plan on
Environmental Issues". JPA declared its policy of restraining CO2 emissions as one of the actions: By Fy2010, reduce fossil energy
consumption per product unit for paper products by 13% from that of Fy1990 level, CO2 emission per product unit for paper products by 10%.
By 2010, the in-and-outside country afforestation area owned or managed expand to 600,000 ha.
Since Fy1990, JPA has been following through on the actual results of the unit of energy in the year, and has been publishing its resultscompared with that in Fy1990. The following are the results for Fy2005 and reports of energy situation in the pulp and paper industry in Japan.
The survey also reported on energy consumption, CO2 emissions and the position of the pulp and paper industry in Japan, and information
related Laws.

Introduction of Save Energy type Cl&K Removal System- Consideration of Chloride Ion & Potassium Ion Removal System for Solution of Electrical Precipitator Ash from the Point View of Save
Energy Tsunenori Okamura
Specialty Plant & Materials Division, Nippon Rensui Co.
In the process of Kraft Chemical Recovery Cycle, Chloride (Cl) and Potassium (K) entering with raw-material wood chip are gradually
accumulated and concentrated during continuous operation. The plugging issue of carryover particles and dust in the Recovery Boiler is caused
by decreasing melting temperature of dust along with increasing concentration of Cl and K in the Black Liquor. At the same time, fouling andcorrosion at the super heater of Recovery Boiler is apprehended. This manuscript provides actual result from Cl&K Removal System which aredeveloped and installed at Niigata Mill, Hokuetsu Paper Mills, Ltd. together with the theory of removal system using ion exchange resin which
are characterized of this system and advantages from the point view of save energy.

Energy Saving with LP-Screen
Atsushi NishidaMatsumoto Mill, Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd.
In the stock preparation system to produce the secondary pulp by recycling of the waste paper, each process of the pulper, screen and refiner
consumes significant energy.
So, how to positively promote the energy saving issues will become key point to extensively reduce the production cost in such heavy energy
consumption type of pulp and paper industry.
In this paper, some examples of energy saving are introduced which were achieved by rebuilding the conventional PS Screens into LP Screens,utilizing the low power and low intensity of LP Screen technology which was developed by Voith IHI Paper Technology (VIPT).

Steam Stabilization and Energy Conservation for a Coal Boiler by Using a Model-Driven PID Controller
Michihiro Fujiyama
Yatsushiro Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Hiroshi Egi and Takashi Shigemasa
Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation
Fumio Kojima
Toshiba IT & Control Systems Corporation

The movements of energy conservation in Japan are promoting based on the Kyoto Protocol concerning the reduction of greenhouse gases at
COP3 held in Kyoto in 1997. According to the energy conservation, the industrial world is making various efforts for the conservation ofenergy. The amount of use of cheap coal for boilers of factories is increasing especially in spite of recent rising of the energy cost.
Comparing to gas boilers and oil boilers, coal boilers have long dead time from the boiler master command to main steam pressure due to long
fuel transportation time and long fuel burning time. Due to the long dead time, the large control gain is not able to set, as a result the main
steam pressure and the main steam temperature are fluctuating in the large band
If the fluctuation bands could be reduced, and if there is some margin at temperature limit, the boiler efficiency can be improved by setting
higher value of the set point of the main steam temperature control loop.
We have already obtained some excellent results by applying the model drive PID control (MD-PID) for long dead time processes.
In this paper, after showing the Yatsushiro plant, coal boiler issues and properties of the MD-PID control system, we show the result for a coalboiler of 440t/hr level of the main steam flow rate.

Energy Saving in the OCC Pulping Process
Kenya Horikawa
Yashio Mill, Rengo Co., Ltd.
Recently, increasing the social demands on environmental conservation, Rengo has established Eco Challenge 009, the document setting forth
our environmental vision and is implementing resource and energy savings. Regarding the energy saving, we target reduction of 12% of CO2
emission from the 1990 level until 2009.
As part of our efforts, Yashio Mill has focused on energy saving in pulping system of old corrugated container ("OCC"), the main material at
the mill, and we would like to introduce the way and result of energy saving as a case.

The Activity of "Energy Saving Team"
Akira Takahashi
Nippon Paper Unitec Co., Ltd.
"Energy Saving Team"belongs to Technology Research Section of Nippon Paper

Unitec Co., Ltd. and works to help creating energy saving

plan for all 12 mills of Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
The Team started at December 2004 by one person for Power and Environment division and the other person for Pulp and Paper production
division.
We visited all 12 mills and had discussion about our ideas for energy saving every-year. On the discussion, we proposed around 30 ideas foreach mill last year and the result of our proposal contributed around 8％ of total energy saving cost.

Fiber Properties - Paper Quality- Multidimensional Fiber Characterization Bertil Olsson
BTG Pulp and Paper Sensors AB
Takuya Maekawa
Spectris Co., Ltd. BTG DivisionThis paper deals with the methods of characterizing fiber properties in order to get defined paper properties. The reasons for on-line real timemeasurement will be discussed as well as the advantage of pulp characterizing methods based on single fiber properties compared withtraditional laboratory measurement on a hand sheet. Discussions of some applications involving on-line fiber analyses. A completely new online measuring system, based on the state-of-the-art today, will be presented. By combining knowledge from next generation analyzers and useof new tools for control applications a supervisory control system for optimization of fiber quality will be presented. This contributes to an
added value from both lower production cost and more stable quality. Some typical applications set up by using this new analyzer in
combination with adopted control package will be presented.

Improved Runnability and Drying Capacity through New Technology

Kari Juppi
Metso Paper Inc.
Kouichi Yuuki
Metso Paper Japan Co., Ltd.
Firstly, new efficient runnability components are introduced and their effect on runnability and paper quality are discussed. Results from pilot
and production machine installations are described. Secondly, new drying concept is presented. This concept utilizes impingement air
technology in paper or board drying. Impingement drying is presented as a short view to history in this field. High-speed paper machines tend
to have runnability problems at the beginning of dryer section. A high draw is often needed which leads to poor paper quality. A draw decrease
can be implemented utilizing efficient blow boxes. However, when the sheet dry content before cylinder drying must be increased, a good
choice is to dry paper with impingement drying before cold paper web contacts the hot cylinder surface. A new solution has been created formeet this challenge. This new concept utilizes impingement drying right after press section by increasing web dry content remarkably before
the first drying cylinder. As paper dry content and also paper temperature has been increased, paper strength is higher and runnability is better
than normally.

The New Contactless Level Gauge and Density Meter: Accurate Measurement by Using a Weak Gamma Source
Hiraku Miyashita
Nanogray Inc.
Gamma-ray (-ray) level gauge TH-1000 and -ray density meter PM-1000 have the latest detecting system which is the fruit of ourtechnologies on industrial measurements with radiation over 10 years. Although TH-1000 has only a 100MBq (2.7mCi) source which is a oneseveral thousandth strength compared with the conventional -ray level gauge, TH-1000 can apply for 1.5m-span level gauging and 10m-spanlevel switch. The minimum response time is only 0.5sec which provide quick process control. PM-1000 has only ±0.4〜0.7% error @ 2,although PM-1000 also has only 3.66MBq (0.1mCi) source which is a one-several thousandth strength compared with the conventional -raydensity meter. PM-1000 can attach easily on a pipe of the existing line. PM-1000 can apply density measurement of black liquor, green liquor,
lime mud, calcium carbonate, and white carbon etc.

Bearing Solution for Paper Plant
Kunio Osaki
HI Sales Dept., Schaeffler Japan Co., Ltd.
INA group Company integrated FAG and LUK few years ago. After integration, Schaeffler Group started and now has been producing selling
bearing and making technical service.
Schaeffler has many experiences of bearing solution for pulp and paper industries. Schaeffer would like to report about 4-cases of special
bearing solutions for mainly paper mill application.

Performance and Function that are Demanded of Next Generation Inspection System
Terumasa Miyamoto
W.I.S. Grope, IT Solution Division, Omron Corporation
An initial Web Inspection System, if it detects the defect, was the one only of simple information of it with the buzzer and the lamp, andmarking to the defect location. Afterwards, defect information on the defect position, the size, and the classification name is added. It became avery usual function there was a defect recording system that Omron developed in 1988 now, too. Moreover, by transmitting inspection data to
the next process like FCS (Fault Control System) and WCS (Winder Control System), it got to do the productivity improvement and the
product management of the next process, too. Also, at present, it became possible by the improvement and the generalization of the PC and the
network technology to handle a large-volume defect image, too. As a result, it is possible to say that the volume of information of the inspection
data became big drastically and that the existence value, too, became bigger. In this way, Web Inspection System was placed in the nucleus of
the solution to place as of the paper maker. It introduces about Performance and Function that are demanded of "Next Generation Inspection
System".

Characterization of Coating Color Penetration by Laser Scanning Microscopy
Kenji Hirai
Research and Development Dept., Product Development Research Lab.
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Douglas W. Bousfield
University of Maine
The quality of a coating layer and the efficiency of a coating process, depend in large part on the penetration of coating color into the basepaper. However, methods to characterize this penetration are limited. This paper proposes a new technique that combines Confocal Laser
Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) and the image analysis to characterize the coating penetration into the substrate without any sample destruction
and with little sample preparation.
In this paper, two methods to stain samples were tested to achieve the quantitative analysis of the coating layer thickness variation and theliquid phase penetration into the base paper. The results were compared to those obtained from cross sections using Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM). Coatings applied onto a plastic film calibrated the measured thickness with this technique and demonstrated the limitationsof the CLSM method in terms of depth resolution.
As a result of the experiments, the method to stain the coated sample with fluorescence dye gave the coating layer thickness variation that wereconsistent with those from SEM, while the liquid phase penetration depth, which was larger than the coating layer thickness, could be measured
when the dye had been added to the coating color before the application. These results demonstrate a possible method to characterize thecoating layer thickness and the penetration depth of the liquid phase into the base paper.
Keywords: coating penetration, confocal scanning laser microscopy

2007年7月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL July2007

Vol.61 No.7 CONTENTS

Pulp
Report of the 13th Pulping Conference
Perspective and Current Research Trend of Pulping Research

Pulp Technical Committee, JAPAN TAPPI…(1)Yuji Matsumoto…(3)The Influence of Pulp on the Printability

Yukio Tani…(7)Effect of Pulp Quality on Printability(II)Koji Okomori…(14)Current Trend in Mechanical Pulping
The Design Concept of the Saving Energy for OCC Screening System
Technical Tasks & Solutions for Improvement of Recycled Pulp Rate
KP Kiln Dam Ring Preventive Agent

Akifumi Hatta…(20)Junichi Hashimoto…(27)Kazumi Fujita…(33)Masahiro Tsurumi…(40)The Impact of Elemental Chlorine Free Bleaching on Effluent Characteristics

Hitoshi Takagi…(46)Overview of Elementary Chlorine Free Bleaching

Shintaro Sasada…(51)Technical Problems and their Measures for ECF Bleaching
Problems and Measures in ECF Bleaching Operation
The Recent Activities of ECF Bleaching

Shin-ichi Hara…(56)
Makoto Horiguchi…(61)Kazuo Yamasaki…(65)Research Report(Original Paper)
Measurement of the Elastic Modulus of Paperboard from the Low-Frequency
Vibration Modes of Rectangular Plates
Jun Sato, Ian M. Hutchings and Jim Woodhouse…(71)
Relations between Elastic Bending Deformation Strength, Shape and Elastic Moduli
for Case of Anisotropic Corrugated Fiberboard Box Shape(Square Tube)under
Uniform Compression
Satoru Matsushima and Shigeo Matsushima…(86)Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(70)-North Pacific Paper CorporationCommittee report

North Pacific Paper Corporation…(103)…(03)

Coffee break…(70)

Papyrus…(109)

Industry News(Domestic and International)…(111)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(122)

List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication…(123)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(130)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(131)

Other Monthly Statistics…(133)

News from the Association…(135)

2007年7月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL Vol.61 No.7
July

2007

Abstracts

Perspective and Current Research Trend of Pulping Research
Yuji Matsumoto
Wood Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biomaterial Sciences, The University of Tokyo
By a wide survey of inhomogeneity of lignin structure, a certain tendency was found among characteristic factors of lignin structure. Generally,
when a certain tree species has lower lignin content, its lignin is richer in -O-4 structure, especially of erythro type, and, sryringyl type ofaromatics. Interestingly, these characteristics are thought to be favorable for delignification reactions during pulping and bleaching. This result
suggests the importance of the analysis of lignin structure for the survey of suitable woods for pulping.

The Influence of Pulp on the Printability
Yukio Tani
Research Development Div., Pulp & Paper Research Laboratory, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
When paper is treated as a communicative function, it does print to the paper and the first time additional value occurs. Then, the paper does
have a commercial value in the market. In this paper, required properties of pulp on printing are discussed when irradiating pulp reverse fromthe view point of the print and looking at it. In the case of printability, there are print runability and print quality. These properties aren't
always compatible, and become the request to be often disagreed with by.
On printing, the shade of the image is resolved into halftone-dots and the image is expressed as the continuous aggregate of dots. The
principle is the same even if the different printing method by plate is taken. Therefore, so-called "Dot-reproducibility" is very important toperform better printability, since the print quality is increased by how much a dot is precisely reproduced on the substance in printing. In any
printing methods, the smoothness is indispensable for this dot-reproducibility, and pulp is also required to produce good smoothness. In
addition to smoothness, surface strength, internal strength, tensile strength, appropriate shrinkage and cutting property (amount of paper
powder) are requested on pulp to ensure good printability, e.g. picking, piling, blistering, folding fracture, and print fluting and so on.
Understanding the problems of final printed products becomes an important point when discussing the quality of the pulp as an intermediateproduct. It is considered that printability of pulp also becomes one of the big guideposts in studies and developments of pulp in the future.

Keywords: printability, halftone-dot reproducibility, smoothness, pulp

Effect of Pulp Quality on Printability(II)Koji Okomori
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory, R&D Division, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Production of coated paper has been increased since it was invented. Bitoko grade is one of the staple commodities of coated paper and thecharacteristic is the paper containing mechanical pulp. Because bitoko grade paper is mostly printed by rotary offset press with heat-set ink, it isnecessary to withstand printing problems like heat-set roughening, blistering and so on. Heat-set roughening is roughening at solid area ofprinted matter due to rising of fibers. Paper absorbs fountain solution during printing and the fibers are released from out-of-plane stress. Thenthe shape of the fibers changes from collapsed state to tubular at drying process of the press, and the fibers rise. Mainly, the long fibers ofmechanical pulp, especially which cell wall is thick, cause this problem. The effect of pulp is greater than coating conditions such as precalendering, coating weight and so forth. Therefore it is quite important to control pulp quality for the better printability.

Current Trend in Mechanical PulpingAkifumi Hatta
Metso Fiber KK
Even there is no movement of new mechanical pulp project in Japan, capacity of mechanical pulp manufacture is still increasing in the world.
As main driving force of this movement, cost reduction has been done by various methods; fewer and larger production units with bigger
equipment, process to get lower cost and higher quality, low energy segment and etc.
Even in the existing plants, Metso is working to improve them. One key equipment is mechanical steam separator to improve fiber loss andretention time between two refiners. Adjustable gap sensor instead of conventional TDC sensor is also available now.

The Design Concept of the Saving Energy for OCC Screening System
Junichi Hashimoto
Research & Development Dept., Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
Customers' trials of stock preparation conducted by the VIPT's Technology Center were, except large-scale pilot equipment, mainly
performance tests and single process simulation of the single equipment until around 1988. However, recent test mainstream, in the both
paperboard and paper fields, turn to be the test to verify the improvement of quality deteriorated by change of raw material quality,
improvement of productivity, reduction of production cost, and quality improvement required by end users.
Regarding quality test, customers are more concerned about detailed areas such as adhesive-related contaminants, dirt and flake than in thepast. Therefore, highly technological systems optimizing a single equipment performance are strongly being required by customers.
Customer requirement for high quality product being more and more intensified and the difficulty in recycling of waste paper being expected,
we need to enhance our technology to be able to respond to these changes of industry's situation. Additionally, in order to develop the "PostRecycle 60", we VIPT are willingly ready to cooperate with this trend.
This time we would like to introduce our development concept of OCC Screening System with the focus on achieving energy saving andquality improvement at the same time.

Technical Tasks & Solutions for Improvement of Recycled Pulp Rate
Kazumi Fujita
Technical & Engineering Dept., Aikawa Iron Works Co., Ltd.
The increasing target of domestic wastepaper recycling rate to 60% by the end of 2005 had been achieved 2 years ahead by a result of great
effort of various quarters. And today, "increasing the paper recycling rate to 62% by the end of 2010" had been set as a new goal again. About
630,000t per year wastepaper usage increase is a condition for this new target realization.
Because of the wastepaper recycling rate for board-paper is already more than 90%, increasing of fine wastepaper recycling rate is needed forthe 62% target realization. But, the reality is that there is almost no high quality fine wastepaper remain. In addition, in the booming China thelow exactly sorted US wastepaper is avoided, the Japanese wastepaper exporting became regular and domestic wastepaper itself is exhausting
rapidly.
Innovation and reform in various fields is necessary to achieve recycling rate 62% under such strict situation. In this seminar, I will show thetechnical tasks and the solutions of efficient use of low quality wastepaper in the stock preparation process that is Aikawa's field.
Keywords: 62% Wastepaper Recycling Rate, Chinese Pulp & Paper Industry, Japanese Wastepaper
Stock Exporting, Wastepaper Stock Exhaustion, Efficient Use of Low Quality
Wastepaper Stock, Improvement of Recycle Pulp Rate

KP Kiln Dam Ring Preventive Agent
Masahiro Tsurumi
Shizuoka 1st Sec, Techno Chemical Div., Thaihokohzai Co., Ltd.
In the causticizing process, the operation for kiln often requires continuous stability, but the operation is stopped by compulsion due to rapid
development of dam ring in some cases.

The dam ring is produced in the following manner: Low-melting alkali impurities such as sodium are supplied together with mud as a core fromthe kiln end and the low-melting substance exposed to high-temperature gas is made viscous to loosely bind the cores. Then, loose binding
moved away from the high-temperature gas under the continuous supply of the mud changes into hard binding in the coating due totemperature decrease or re-carbonation. These reactions continuously work resulting in the formation of a large dam.
Our company, long engaged in producing and selling fuel additives, tried relatively simple countermeasures through chemical addition against
the dam ring and has proven many achievements. The details of our actual results are explained in this book.

The Impact of Elemental Chlorine Free Bleaching on Effluent Characteristics
Hitoshi Takagi
Research Department, Japan Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Inc.
The amendment of Air Pollution Control Law that required pulp and paper mills to reduce discharge of chloroform was promulgated in 1996.
Since then, Japanese pulp and paper companies have gradually been introducing elemental chlorine free (ECF) bleaching. In 2006, theproduction of ECF pulps exceeded 80 percent of Japanese bleached chemical pulp production.
Generations of chloroform, chlorinated phenolic compounds, and chlorinated dioxins were decreased dramatically with ECF bleaching. The
AOX level in ECF bleaching mill effluent was less than 0.2kg per ton of bleached pulp. On the contrary, chlorate discharges were increased withchlorine dioxide bleaching.
Whether ECF conversion decreases the adverse effects of mill effluents on aquatic organisms is evaluating in Japan Pulp and Paper ResearchInstitute.
It can be concluded that misgivings about the discharge of organic chlorine compounds from Japanese pulp and paper mills were practicallyeliminated by ECF conversion.
Keywords: Elemental Chlorine Free Bleaching (ECF), Chloroform, Dioxin, Chlorate, Effluent

Overview of Elementary Chlorine Free Bleaching
Shintaro Sasada
Technology Division, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
In order to reduce environmental impact, chlorine bleaching process has been converted to ECF bleaching, in Japan, following North Europe
and North America. Oji Paper Group, according to Environmental Charter Action Guidelines, planned to convert kraft pulp (KP) bleachingprocess to ECF bleaching. Hardwood bleaching system at Kasugai Mill was converted in August 2000, followed by other domestic mills. All the
8 mills of our group has been completed conversion in June 2006.
Oji Paper Group invested 1.6 billion yen for the conversion of all the 8 mills, where bleaching towers were rebuilt, and other equipments wererenovated including the one for chemical production. In this presentation, details of the investment are reported, taking Kushiro LBKP
bleaching process as an example.
Conversion to ECF bleaching results in the increase of manufacturing costs, but keeps quality of bleached pulp and stabilizes operation,
without any major troubles.

Technical Problems and their Measures for ECF Bleaching
Shin-ichi Hara
Hachinohe Mill, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited
In Hachinohe mill of Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited, the bleached kraft pulp (BKP) line named "3BKP" was switched to an elementarychlorine free (ECF) bleaching in October 2000, and "2BKP" was switched to the ECF bleaching in August 2005.
It was found that there were some differences as to bleaching behaviors between the ECF bleaching whose first stage was chlorine dioxide anda conventional chlorine bleaching. For example, the ECF bleaching was more susceptible to a brightness of oxygen-delignified pulp than theconventional one. Emissions of adsorbable organic halogen and of chloroform were decreased by introducing the ECF bleaching. Thus,
environmental targets were achieved. However, technical problems as to the ECF bleaching operation and a pulp quality newly occurred. These
problems were an increased bleaching cost, calcium oxalate scales on diffuser screen and a discoloration of pulps and so on. Measures tohexenuronic acid which is deeply related to the problems have to be pursued for a fundamental solution to the problems.

This paper described in regard to characteristics of the ECF bleaching, the technical problems and their measures that became apparent
through the ECF bleaching operation.
Keywords: ECF bleaching, Chlorine bleaching, Bleaching cost, Calcium oxalate scale,
Discoloration of pulp, Hexenuronic acid

Problems and Measures in ECF Bleaching Operation
Makoto Horiguchi
Technical Division, Kishu Paper Co., Ltd.
Kishu mill, Kishu Paper fiber line was converted to ECF bleaching sequence in August 2004. This plant was introduced to the hot chlorine
dioxide process (DUAL-D), and this bleaching sequence has D*(i)-EP-D.
Also D*stage tower was adopted the gravity feed system (Difeed system) with the first installation in the world.
The scale adhesion of some places is enumerated as a problem in current ECF operation. Continuous operation is possible now by the removalof the scale by a high-pressure washing and the acid washing when a biannual regular repair.
The D*stage is effective as color reversion. However, temperature conditions are changed from 90℃ planned at first because the amount of
the steam use is large to 85℃ now and the amount of the steam use has been reduced.
(i):D* notes hot chlorine dioxide stage

The Recent Activities of ECF Bleaching
Kazuo Yamasaki
Production Dept. of Technical & Engineering Div., Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Elementary Chlorine Free (ECF) bleaching, the bleaching method with no chlorine gas, has now become global standard. With the raisingconcern over environmental issue and to meet the demand from consumers, ECF bleaching is rapidly spreading among Japanese paperindustries as well.
In accordance with the Nippon Paper Group's Environment Charter (established in 1993), Nippon Paper Industries has been keenly engaged
in sustainable business activities that are in harmony with nature. Conversion of all bleaching lines to ECF is one of such activities.
When installing ECF bleaching, Nippon Paper Industries pioneered in introducing new technologies such as ozone bleaching and hot acidtreatment in Japan. In this report details of NPI's introduction of those new technologies in ECF bleaching are presented.
Keywords: Kraft pulp, ECF bleaching

Measurement of the Elastic Modulus of Paperboard from the Low-Frequency Vibration Modes of Rectangular Plates
Jun Sato and Ian M. Hutchings
Institute for Manufacturing, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge
Jim Woodhouse
Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge
Static methods (e.g. tensile testing) and ultrasonic methods have been most commonly used in the past to measure the elastic modulus of
paper and paperboard. The static method, however, does not provide a dynamic value for modulus, and the accurate measurement of traveltime needed for the ultrasonic method is rather delicate and prone to error. A further problem is that the timescale (or frequency) involved inthese methods is often far removed from the actual conditions experienced in the paper industry and in applications of these materials. A
method using low frequency vibrations to excite out-of-plane bending vibrations, which are visualised as Chladni figures, might appear to be
simple and unsophisticated, but can readily be applied to paper and paperboards in the frequency range from 10 to 1000 Hz. Characteristic
patterns are generated on rectangular or square samples at each resonant frequency. From the assumption that machine-made paper isgenerally orthotropic and that the boundaries are free, values of dynamic Young's modulus and dynamic Poisson's ratio can be calculated by
identifying only a few low-frequency modes.

Values of dynamic Young's modulus derived by this method for various core-board samples are lower than those obtained from ultrasonicmeasurements, which is consistent with a model for viscoelastic behaviour in which elastic modulus depends on frequency. Dynamic Poisson's
ratios in the machine direction and cross direction are also derived with high reproducibility. The vibration frequencies required to excite themodes depend on the sample sizes, but no significant differences in elastic moduli were seen for samples with sizes ranging from 75 x 75 to 200
x 200 mm; the main restriction of the method is that the sample should be reasonably flat.
The sensitivity of the vibration method is demonstrated by the reduction in stiffness of paper which can be detected when its surface isscratched or damaged; detection of such damage by ultrasonic measurements is much more difficult. It is suggested that the vibration method
using Chladni patterns is well suited to the accurate and reliable measurement of the dynamic elastic constants of the paper/paper board, at
frequencies appropriate to the processing and use of these materials. The elastic constants obtained by this method may be useful within thepaper industry for product and process design.
Keywords: paper, paperboard, vibrational modes, Chladni patterns, Young's modulus,
Poisson's ratio, elastic constants, Rayleigh's principle

Relations between Elastic Bending Deformation Strength, Shape and Elastic Moduli for Case of Anisotropic Corrugated Fiberboard Box Shape(Square Tube) under Uniform Compression
Satoru Matsushima
Ehime University, Center for Cooperative Research and Development
Shigeo Matsushima
Professor Emeritus, Ehime University
Elastic bending deformation analysis for case of anisotropic corrugated fiberboard box shape (square tube: width L, height h and thickness
T=5.54mm) under uniform compression (-0.10N/mm2) on upper and lower edges was performed. And characteristic behavior of stress anddeflection for its case was discussed.
Absolute maximum normal stress bxmax* in the width direction is at plate centers, and maximum normal stress bymax in the height direction,
maximum bending principal stress b0max and maximum deflection wmax are at centers of side edges for side plate (L=350, h=300mm).
Absolute maximum bending shear stress bxymax* and maximum bending principal shear stress b0max* are plate corners. bxmax*,
bymax,bxymax* and wmax increase and decrease with L increase. And bxmax* and wmax increase and decrease, and bymax and bxymax*
increase with h increase. bxmax*, bymax,bxymax* and wmax increase with Ex increase and decrease with Ey increase. bxmax* and bymax
increase, and bxymax* and wmax increase and decrease with xy increase.
Key Words: Structural Analysis, Computational Mechanics, Elastic Strength of CorrugatedFiberboard, Elastic Stress Analysis Structural Strength, Numerical Analysis

2007年8月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL August

2007

Vol.61 No.8 CONTENTS

Topics & Information
Press Section Rebuild and Energy Saving Press Roll

Akimine Izawa and Koshi Tanimoto…(1)Voith Paper New Research & Development Center

Osamu Yasui…(7)-Life Cycle PartnershipWet End Optimization-An Ongoing Process with Extensive BeneﬁtsRoland Berger, Daniel Watzig and Kenichi Ishihara…(11)The Organic Polymer Coagulant for the Elimination of Pitch Trouble-Stabilization of Paper Making Process by Inactivating Micro-Pitch ParticlesKenji Sakai, Takahiro Fujimoto, Hiroyuki Koshio and Motosuke Ono…(18)Brightness Reversion of Eucalyptus Pulps after ECF Bleaching with Various Sequences
Christian Blom, Jiri Basta, Magnus Bjorklund, Thomas Greschik and Muneo Sakamoto…(24)The Anthony-Ross Automatic Spout Cleaner

Ken Pingel, Dan Higgins and Trevor Ip…(32)

Synergy Effects of PCC and Pigments with High Aspect Ratio
Taro Homma, Benny Hallam and Chris Nutbeem…(38)Intelligent Sensor Management System

Yasuo Watanabe…(44)-Capable of Self DiagnosticPrevention Control of Pest

Yoshihiro Kuroda…(48)

Trend in Mechanical Seal Technology in Pulp and Paper Plant and Erosion

Hidekazu Takahashi…(54)Countermeasure Examples of Mechanical Seal
Introduction of Research Laboratories(60)Laboratory of Biomass Conversion, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University…(62)
Research Report(Original Paper)
Effect of Surface Structure on Gloss of Coated Paper
Hideyuki Mikado, Keiro Takigawa, Yukiko Suzuki and Tetsuya Hirabayashi…(65)Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(71)Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd.…(76)-Nikko Mill, Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd.60th JAPAN TAPPI General Meeting…(81)

Committee report…(03)

Essay on Intellectual Property…(61)

Coffee break…(64)

Papyrus…(105)

Industry News(Domestic and International)…(108)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(120)

List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication…(122)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(130)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(131)

Other Monthly Statistics…(133)

News from the Association…(135)

2007年8月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL Vol.61 No.8
August 2007 Abstracts

Press Section Rebuild and Energy Saving Press Roll
Akimine Izawa and Koshi Tanimoto
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.
Recently, the attempt to avoid global warming and a sudden rise of the crude oil price push the paper industry to have the ecological effort,such as energy saving, resource saving and high efficiency. Thinking about such a background, MHI has developed compact type of shoe press"Mini shoe press", of which shoe length is 30〜40% of STD shoe press and also has developed energy saving press roll, which reduce stirring
energy of internal oil.
This paper presents the feature of Mini shoe press and performance of the first installation in Japan. And also, it presents about the concept
and effect of the energy saving press roll.

Voith Paper New Research & Development Center- Life Cycle Partnership Osamu Yasui
Paper Machine Engineering Dept.，Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
During these few years several new paper machines with high speed and large width started up around the world, and set one speed record
after another. Enough pilot machine trials during planning such machines are very important for successful excellent paper quality after startup. Voith Paper new research & development center started in operation accordingly. That pilot paper machine is consist of MasterJet II G typeheadbox, DuoFormer TQv, Tandem NipcoFlex Press and Top DuoRun, and maximum operating speed is 3000 m/min.
Here we introduce this sophisticated new research & development center, and we hope this introduction helps for customer to get perfectsolution.

Wet End Optimization- An Ongoing Process with Extensive Benefits Roland Berger and Daniel Watzig
BTG Mtek
Kenichi Ishihara
Spectris Co., Ltd. BTG Division
Gaining greater productivity and paper quality is a systematic and continuous process. This statement is especially true for the Wet End of thepaper machine. Many strategic additives are introduced to influence machine runnability and paper quality. At the same time there are only few
areas of the paper machine with less automatic control. This paper will present two case studies of waste paper-based newsprint machines at the
Papierfabrik Palm, Eltmann mill that led to better control in the Wet End.

The Organic Polymer Coagulant for the Elimination of Pitch Trouble-Stabilization of Paper Making Process by Inactivating Micro-Pitch ParticlesKenji Sakai, Takahiro Fujimoto, Hiroyuki Koshio and Motosuke Ono
Shonan Research Center, HYMO Corporation
In order to eliminate pitch-trouble in paper-making process, use of coagulants is effective to reduce free pitch particles in the process water by
fixing "micro-pitch" onto pulp fibers before growing into a large-size pitch.

In our previous report, we introduced new analysis methods, "micro-pitch image analyzer system" and "film adhesion method", as the tools foranalysis of micro-pitches and evaluation of coagulants. The methods showed that a coagulant having specific property reacted with a particular
type of pitches selectively, and thus a particular coagulant should be chosen for the different types of furnish, GP, TMP or DIP etc.
In this report, we indicate several Organic Polymer Coagulants synthesized by controlling the charge density, the molecular weight and thebalance of hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments show different characteristics in adsorption onto sticky-pitch, coagulation of micro-pitches
and ion-neutralization of anion trash as a pitch control agent.
We believe that our Organic Polymer Coagulants contribute to stabilize the paper-making process by selecting appropriate coagulant
according to the property of the furnish, a type of pitch-trouble or other purposes.

Brightness Reversion of Eucalyptus Pulps after ECF Bleaching with Various Sequences
Christian Blom, Jiri Basta, Magnus Bjorklund, Thomas Greschik and Muneo Sakamoto
Eka Chemicals AB
The aim of this study was to compare different bleaching alternatives for oxygen delignified eucalyptus aimed at a low brightness reversion.
Three eucalyptus pulps with different characteristics were included in the study. D (OP) Dn D, D*(OP) Dn D, A*D (OP) Dn D and Z (OP)
Dn D bleaching sequences were compared, and the corresponding sequences with a final P stage instead of a final final D stage were also
included. Brightness reversion in both dry and humid conditions before and after beating was evaluated. Other important parameters such as
bleaching chemical demand, pulp viscosity and fiber strength potential were also considered.
When bleaching to 90.5% ISO brightness and compared to the standard D pre-bleaching, D* gave 5-17% savings in OXE, A*D gave 16-24%
savings, Z at a high ozone charge (about 5.0 kg/t) gave a small saving (4%) for the traditional E. globulus pulp but increased the OXE
consumption with 13-31% for the two other pulps. A considerable increase in chemical demand was recorded at a low ozone charge where also
the brightness target was difficult to meet. The standard D sequence gave the highest and the Z sequence the lowest viscosity. The standard D
sequence also showed the highest fiber strength potential measured as rewetted zero span strength at 3000 PFI revolutions, and again the Z
sequence gave the lowest value.
The different pre-bleaching alternatives gave only small differences in dry brightness reversion and the results after beating were different
from those prior to beating. A final P stage always gave better dry brightness reversion than a final D stage. The standard D sequence gavehigher humid brightness reversion values than the other sequences, but modifications to the D sequence showed promising results. Evaluationof brightness reversion in humid and dry atmospheres gave different results and there was no general correlation between the two evaluation
methods.
Keywords: oxygen delignified, eucalyptus pulp, bleaching, ECF, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide,ozone, hot D stage, hot acid stage, brightness reversion, beating, fiber strength,
viscosity, chemical consumption, modified D stages, effluent characteristics

The Anthony-Ross Automatic Spout Cleaner
Ken Pingel and Dan Higgins
Anthony-Ross Company
Trevor Ip
Recovery Process, Northwood Pulp and Paper
Twelve years ago Anthony-Ross Company applied for and received the patent on our first Automatic Spout Cleaner. Unlike the original
however, the Anthony-Ross Spout Cleaner in its current form is a result of over 12-years of design evolution.
Almost without exception, each of the evolutionary steps from our first spout cleaner to the present was a direct result of observations andsuggestions from boiler operators and maintenance staff.
Twelve years ago the criteria to a functional spout cleaner was unknown, even to boiler operators, but with each new test, test installation andimprovement the design was refined and criterion developed until we understood how to produce spout cleaning equipment that would be atrue asset to boiler operators without burdening the maintenance staff.
The following is a description of the Smelt Spout Cleaner in its current form and our patent pending solutions to reliable automatic spout
cleaning.

Synergy Effects of PCC and Pigments with High Aspect Ratio

Tatsuya Asano
IMERYS MINERALS JAPAN K.K.
Benny Hallam and Chris Nutbeem
IMERYS Pigments for Paper Europe
Conventional thinking regarding the optical characteristics for coated paper is the design characteristics of the coating pigments are critical.
Key design characteristics are the average particle size, the particle size distribution and the particle shape. If these factors can be combined
more effectively in the coated layer they can give improved characteristics, namely, the diffusion of light whereby improving opacity andimproving gloss of the coating.
Optical synergy effects start to become evident through the combination of calcium carbonate and kaolin in which the unique pigment designof each component is different and the result is a complementary effect on coated paper properties.
Through this research we can understand some of the synergy effects in coated paper when blending coating PCC and high aspect ratio
kaolin. The combination of shape engineered pigments leads to synergies that are not evident when simply using size engineered pigments.

Intelligent Sensor Management System-Capable of Self DiagnosticYasuo Watanabe
Mettler Toledo K.K.
The periodical maintenance work, for instance cleaning, calibration and so on, is needed to get the accurate and reliable value of the inline pH
measurement. In the case of Pulp and Paper industry, many pH loops are working in the factory and a lot of labor power is necessary for
implementation of these kinds of maintenance works. And also sometime these maintenance works make the downtime of process. As a result
productivity is down. New generation pH electrode which provides not only the saving labor cost, but also reliable pH value was launched byMettler Toledo. In this report, the features and benefits of the new generation pH electrode are introduced.

Prevention Control of Pest
Yoshihiro Kuroda
Research and Development, Earth Environmental Service Co.
There are 3 important activities for effective pest control (prevention of insect contamination) in pulp and paper factories as follows;
1) Analysis of claim from customers caused by contamination of insects as well as detection of contamination in the factory. It is importantthat they get real-time information of insect (=contaminants) and they should identify the kinds of contaminants, and contaminated location ofprocessing line. Results should also be recorded, collected and kept.
2) Collecting environmental parameters to use of real time monitoring system indicating direction and velocity of air flow, sheet shutter anddoors opened frequency, temperature, humidity for all monitoring points as well as the number of contaminants captured.
3) Investigation of successive data of each kind of contaminants captured by traps and other environmental parameter in the factory. It is
important that they should find out the root of the problem due to correlation analysis.

Trend in Mechanical Seal Technology in Pulp and Paper Plant and Erosion Countermeasure Examples of Mechanical Seal
Hidekazu Takahashi
EAGLE INDUSTRY Co., Ltd., Seal Engineering Dept.
In a pulp and paper plant, a large number of water pumps and various different pumps for pulp or chemicals are utilized in the production
processes from economical point of view (energy saving, resource saving and maintenance saving) and environment preservation point of view.
Mechanical Seals are also utilized for other rotating equipment including agitators, screens and refineries. The Mechanical Seals for pulping is
especially important. These sometimes leak by the damages of the Seal Rings and the Mechanical Seal Covers by the sand erosion. This text
describes failure and countermeasure examples of Mechanical Seal for pulping process.

Effect of Surface Structure on Gloss of Coated Paper
Hideyuki Mikado, Keiro Takigawa, Yukiko Suzuki and Tetsuya Hirabayashi
Pulp & Paper Research Lab., Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
Gloss of coated paper is affected by the surface shape and scattering intensity of pigment layer. The surface shape consists of various microplane slopes. Each degree of micro-plane slope is estimated by the differential value of curved surface. Scattering intensity of pigment layer isestimated by the pigment diameter. In this paper, we investigated surface structure of coated papers which had various degrees of surface
smoothness in order to clarify the dominant factor of gloss of coated paper.
We found that there was a good correlation between degrees of print gloss and differential values of printed surface. This means that print
gloss is dominated by the variety of micro-plane slopes forming the printed surface shape. We also found that there was a good correlation
between degrees of diﬀerential values of printed surface and degrees of diﬀerential values of

unprinted surface.

This means that the printed

surface shape mainly depends on the surface shape before printing.
Ink layer gives various affections to the surface shape of printed paper. In regard to gloss paper including LWC, the ink layer reduces thedifferential value of curved surface. The matte paper has no effect on that of curved surface. The cast-coated paper is affected increasing thedifferential value of curved surface. Therefore, as the paper surface becomes much smoother before printing, such as cast-coated paper, theprinted surface shape has much stronger influence of ink layer.
We also found that sheet gloss was decided by differential values of the surface shape and the diameter of pigment constituting coated layer.
Therefore, we assume that sheet gloss is dominated by the variety of micro-plane slopes on the paper surface and scattering intensity of pigmentin the coated layer.
Keywords: coated paper, print gloss, sheet gloss, micro-plane slope, differential value, scattering,
pigment diameter, coated layer, ink layer

2007年9月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL September

2007

Vol.61 No.9 CONTENTS

Topics & Information
Perfect Retrofit on Quality Improvement at Stora Enso Kabel OMC5

Hideomi Uchikawa…(1)Development and Results of Latest Energy Saving Screens

Kazuo Aoshima…(7)-Introduction of MAXFlow and New GranFlowEfficient Mixing of Papermaking Chemicals with TrumpJetTM System-Without Any Fresh WaterJouni Matula and Akira Ejima…(16)The Latest Turn―Up System by Water Jet（Paprima, Canada）

Makoto Matsushita…(21)Improved Runnability with TopBrane

Mantijn van Leeuwen…(25)

Learning Classifier"SmartLearn®"

Atsushi Kurosaki…(30)Energy Management Control System［Enemap］
An Introduction of Biomass Utilization Methods of JFE Environmental Solutions

Hiroto Abe and Kentaro Ohara…(33)
Koji Omata and Kohei Nishimura…(39)-Application of JFE-Babcock & Wilcox Vo/lund Biomass Gasiﬁcation Technology Combined
Heat and Power Plant to Paper IndustryNew Technology of Rotary Consistency Product Uses the FieldCare System Tool for Device Condition Check
Hideo Kikuchi…(45)Semi―automatic Ream Feeding System

Atsuo Murata…(51)Proposal of MARSDEN IR DRYER System

Yasuo Harikae…(55)Research Report(Original Paper)
Alkali Pre―treatment for the Bioethanol Fuel Production from Woody Biomasses―Part１：Soda Cooking Conditions as an Alkali Pre―treatment―
Tsutomu Ikeda, Tomoko Sugimoto, Masanobu Nojiri, Kengo Magara, Shuji Hosoya and Kinji Shimada…(62)Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(72)Kohjin Co., Ltd.…(72)-Fuji Mill, Kohjin Co., Ltd.Committee report…(03)

Coffee break…(61)

Papyrus…(76)

Industry News(Domestic and International)…(78)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(88)

List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication…(89)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(104)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(105)

Other Monthly Statistics…(107)

News from the Association…(109)

2007年9月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL Vol.61 No.9
September 2007 Abstracts

Perfect Retrofit on Quality Improvement at Stora Enso Kabel OMC 5
Hideomi Uchikawa
Voith Paper Automation Japan Ltd.
The start-up of the Stora Enso Hagen Kabel OMC5 was in 1980. The applicator roll coaters with blades were changed in two steps to increase
the operating speed of the OMC 5. The 2 precoaters were equipped with Voith SpeedCoaters in 1999. In 2001, as a further step, the applicatorroll coaters for top coating were further supplemented by 2 Voith JetFlows.
As part of its consistent further development, Voith Paper now supplied the new quality control technology. On February 9, 2005, the quality
control system was converted and the four coaters were equipped within only three days.
With this retrofit, the OMC5 now operates on the basis of state-of-the-art control and measuring technology.

Development and Results of Latest Energy Saving Screens- Introduction of MAXFlow and New GranFlow Kazuo Aoshima
Aikawa Iron Works Co., Ltd.
Since the resource and energy saving becomes the challenge for the pulp and paper industry, energy saving is the most important factor in theintense energy consuming industry. We have succeeded to develop two kinds new screen to meet the requirements.

Efficient Mixing of Papermaking Chemicals with TrumpJet™ System- Without Any Fresh Water Jouni Matula
Wetend Technologies Ltd.
Akira Ejima
Matsubo Corporation
Wetend Technologies Ltd has invested during past years on development of chemical and additive mixing into stock close to headbox. A
TrumpJetTM jet injection and mixing system for papermaking additives eliminates completely additive post dilution with fresh water in PM
Approach system process. Additives are mixed effectively into the process by exploiting circulated headbox feed stock. The system gives
considerable energy savings as well as reduction of CO2 emission case by case. Overdosing of additives will be also avoided. This results tochemical savings. About 150 systems are already in operation world wide.

The Latest Turn-Up System by Water Jet (Paprima, Canada)
Makoto Matsushita
KGK Engineering Corp.

Paper mills have been long after the turn-up efficiency improvement and subsequent paper loss reduction. Our full automatic “Reel Jet” &“Reel-Jet S” turn-up system (Paprima Industries Inc., Montreal, Canada) uses 2 until of ultra high pressure water-jet cutting head (1300-1500
bar/20cc per Tune-up) which run fast (2m/sec) to their waiting position each side of the line to get the sheet expanded to its full width keeping
a completely uniformed wrapping both ways from the center, immediately after the tail has got caught by a new spool with the help of an aircoanda effect of a specially designed gooseneck. Thus, “Reel Jet” & “Reel-Jet S” makes it possible to execute turn-ups failure free in such ashorter time span as 2 seconds since the issure of turn-up command via DCS until the two heads come back to their park-positions. Also, its
beautifully balanced and even wrapping on a spool can release the reel part from vibration and noise related problems.
Its sales has been expanding among big scale world famous paper machines in Europe and North America, and they are quite satisfied with its
overwhelmingly nice performance to cut paper loss and subsequently to improve productivity remarkably. Hereunder, we are going to explain
about its structure and performance.

Improved Runnability with TopBrane
Mantijn van Leeuwen
DSM Hybrane BV
A range of new Hyper-branched products has been introduced by DSM under the brand name TopBrane for applications in paper coating.
TopBrane products show low viscosity in use, due to their hyperbranched structure and high performance at low concentration, due to theirhigh functionality. TopBrane products can be used to improve runnability of coaters and reduce the total cost of operation. This paper shows anapplication example on Metered Size Press coaters for production of LWC papers. Using TopBrane enables the paper mill to effectively use
more starch in the paper coating formulation or apply more coat weight without experiencing operational problems like misting, pilling andspitting. Using our TopBrane products to reduce cost can achieve a reduction of total cost of coating chemicals (binders and additives).

Learning Classifier "SmartLearn®"
Atsushi Kurosaki
Surface Inspection Systems Division, COGNEX K.K.
The Cognex SmartLearnR is a new classification software tool set for SmartViewR web inspection system. SmartLearn was designed such thatthe latest learning classification technology can be combined with expert knowledge of each application. It has long been known that one single
classifier cannot be optimum for every material, every process and every production line. Furthermore, learning classifiers alone do not provide
the best result. SmartLearn provide the combination of the learning classification technology and real-time multi-step classifier. SmartLearn
dramatically improves defect classification accuracy.

Energy Management Control System [Enemap]
Hiroto Abe and Kentaro Ohara
Energy Group, Solution Promotion Dept., ETS Development Div.,
Yokogawa Electric Corporation
The energy management control system “Enemap” is a software package that predicts the demand for energy by the archived operational data,
the weather forecast data and so on, and leads the optimal operation plan of equipments and the most effective combination of the energy suchas electric power, gas, and heavy oil.
"Enemap" not only aschieves energy saving and environmental load reduction but also supports daily plant maintenance operation and anenhancement of operation management efficiency.
This paper describes the function and the application example of "Enemap".

An Introduction of Biomass Utilization Methods of JFE Environmental Solutions- Application of JFE-Babcock & Wilcox Volund Biomass Gasification Technology Combined Heat and Power Plant to Paper Industry Koji Omata and Kohei Nishimura
JFE Environmental Solutions Corporation

Recently, effective use of the biomass has been paid attention from a point of view of the global warming prevention and recycling society
formation.
JFE Environmental Solutions Corporation has advanced a development for profit use of biomass, and now we have various types oftechnologies.
In this paper, we introduce the “JFE-Babcock & Wilcox Volund Biomass Gasification Technology combined Heat and Power Plant” that cancontribute to the reduction of CO2 emission and the saving of fossil fuel by utilizing gas and tar converted from biomass.

New Technology of Rotary Consistency Product Uses the FieldCare System Tool for Device Condition Check
Hideo Kikuchi
Pulp & Paper Business Unit, Field Systems Division, Metso Automation K.K.
Metso has been well known about shear force technology. With our tradition of 50 years experience the number of shipment has over 53,000transmitters of consistency.
Our blade transmitters have set industry standards since launching of Pulp-EL, our first electronics blade transmitter back in 1977, followedwith Smart-Pulp 1995, which was the first microprocessor based blade transmitter on the market with extensive calibration features.
Therefore we announce our latest product of kajaaniROTARY and FieldCare system this time.

Semi-automatic Ream Feeding System
Atsuo Murata
Robot and Environment Div., SERVOARM Co., Ltd.
Servoarm Co., Ltd. is an enterprising company that makes the best use of its long and cultivated hydraulic and electronic control technology todevelop truly useful and problem solving devices to meet the particular needs of their customers. The company’s primary goal is to benefit thecustomer by improving both their work environment and productivity with eco-friendly, labor saving devices.
In the finishing process, many factories still depend on manual labor for sorting and feeding the reams to the wrapping process due totechnical problems with existing systems and the high investment cost for fully automated systems. The newly developed Semi-automatic Ream
Feeding System eliminates the need for hard physical work and offers a cost effective, labor saving production process. To truly serve ourcustomers, we offer unique custom-made systems, designed to match their existing systems and peripheral devices.
Although there were many problems in the ream feeding process by manual labor, the following effects and merits have been obtained:
1） Increased productivity and operating cost cuts2） Workers relieved from hard manual labor
3) Chances of occupational hazards such as backache are lessened
4) Friendly work environment for elderly persons
Close collaboration with our customers is the key to new developments, and we at Servoarm continuously strive to develop new and usefuldevices to actively serve the paper making industry.

Proposal of MARSDEN IR DRYER System
Yasuo Harikae
Industrial Machinery Dept., ITOCHU SANKI CORPORATIONThe MARSDEN GAS infrared dryer is an epoch-making, large-scale infrared ray’s heater that the Marsden Co. in the United Statesdeveloped. This is a large-scale infrared ray’s heater of highly effective that uses the ceramic fiber and low pollution. This has a lot of featurescompared with a past infrared rays dryer and can adjust to a wide usage.
This chapter will explain the performance and the effect of MARSDEN system that our company sells in detail.

Alkali Pre-treatment for the Bioethanol Fuel Production from Woody Biomasses- Part1: Soda Cooking Conditions as an Alkali Pre-treatment -Tsutomu Ikeda, Tomoko Sugimoto, Masanobu Nojiri, Kengo Magara, Shuji Hosoya and Kinji Shimada
Department of Biomass Chemistry, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
Bioethanol fuel for motor vehicle use is currently produced from sugar cane and corn starch. However, the production costs of such crops inJapan are much higher than in Brazil and North America. Therefore, Japanese bioethanol fuel production from such crops is very limited. On
the other hand, lignocellulosic biomasses, especially woody biomasses, are abundant resources and large amounts of low-cost woody biomasses
are available for the bioethanol fuel production in Japan. Bioethanol is produced from the fermentation of glucose and some oligo sugars.
However, cellulose, which is the most abundant carbohydrate in wood, is a polymer of glucose linked by s-1, 4-glucosidic bonds and cannot befermented by yeast directly. Therefore, hydrolysis which converts cellulose to glucose is required for bioethanol fuel production from wood. In
response, we have developed a new bioethanol fuel production process using alkali cooking and enzymatic hydrolysis as a pre-treatment. In thiswork, we discuss suitable soda cooking conditions for producing bioethanol fuel from wood.
Sugi wood contains more lignin, but less carbohydrate than does eucalyptus wood. However, the xylose content of eucalyptus, which comesfrom hemicelluloses, is higher than that of sugi; therefore, the overall hexoses contents of both sugi and eucalyptus are similar. In the present
study, a relationship was investigated between the lignin contents and the enzymatic digestibility of sugi soda pulps. As the lignin content
decreased, the enzymatic digestibility increased. However, the enzymatic digestibility of pulps reached mostly 100% without complete lignin
removal. Delignification was improved and the pulp yields were increased by the addition of 1, 4-dihydro-9, 10-dihydroxyanthracene disodium
salt (AQ) to the soda cooking. Soda cooking with AQ around H-Factor (HF) 3000 were the best conditions for alkali pre-treatment of sugi forbioethanol fuel production. On the other hand, soda cooking with AQ around HF 350 were the best conditions for eucalyptus.
Keywords: bioethanol, lignocellulosic biomasses, soda cooking, AQ, pulp

2007年10月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL Vol.61 No.10

October

2007 CONTENTS

Topics & Information
Latest Technology of GL&V／KAWANOE

Brian J. Gallagher…(1)―SCREEN, CLEANER, BTF System―
Preventive Measures for Spots Caused by Dryer―fabric Deposit Daiki Hosaka
Defoamer for KP

Daiki Hosaka…(6)Mitsuru Komatsu, Takashi Tanaka and Yuichi Tomoda…(12)―FOAMLEX E Series―
Effects of Alkyl Chain Structures in Alkyl Ketene Dimer（AKD）Sizing Agents on Paper Properties and Machine Runnability
Kazuki Nagao, Hitoshi Ando and Tetsuya Hara…(16)Introduction of TAPIO Analyzers

Yoshiyuki Kawabata…(24)―PMA, TS―Proﬁler, and Lab Proﬁler BCX―
Octopus Stock Approach System

Masaaki Inaba and Norihito Toda…(31)Anaerobic Treatment of Various Wastewater from the Process of Manufacturing Pulp
Shigeru Noritake, Seiji Imabayashi, Kazuo Kamiji, Hitoshi Kagawa, Atsushi Tanaka,
Hajime Takahashi, Fumio Obama, Akinori Kato and Atsushi Shimamoto…(36)
New IT Solution Transforms a Tacit into Visible Knowledge

Motomi Kohata…(39)―Text Mining Software REXION Pro―
Study on Print Abrasion Trouble in Ink Layer of Matt Coated Paper
Takeshi Watanabe, Shigeo Yamanaka and Nobuhiro Matsuda…(44)How to Save Money, Increase Efficiency and Meet Regulations by Limiting Seal Water UsageFor Sound or Noise in Industrial World PartⅡ

Ryosuke Baba…(50)
Yasuhiko Yamasaki…(56)―It Thinks about the Noise as Part of T. F. O from SKF―
A report of the 2007(74th）Pulp and Paper Research Conference
Report of 2007 TAPPI Papermakers Conference

Wood Science Committee, JAPAN TAPPI…(61)Koichi Yanai…(78)

A Report on PulPaper 2007
―June5〜7, 2007at Helsinki, Finland―
Keihachiro Nakajima, Motoi Chiba, Yosuke Uchida, Koji Okomori and Kunitaka Toyofuku…(83)Introduction of Research Laboratories(61)Kochi Prefectural Paper Technology Center…(94)Research Report(Original Paper)
Application of Micro Bubble Treatment Technology to Paper ―making Eﬄuent Treatment
Yoshihiko Saijo and Makoto Iwasaki…(97)
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(73)―Daio Paper Corporation Kani Mill（Gifu）―

Daio Paper Corporation…(105)Committee report…(03)

Essay on Intellectual Property…(93)

Coffee break…(96)

Papyrus…(111)

Industry News（Domestic and International）…(114)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(125)

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication…(127)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(138)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(139)

Other Monthly Statistics…(141)

News from the Association…(143)

2007年10月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL Vol.61 No.10
October 2007 Abstracts

Latest Technology of GL&V/KAWANOE-SCREEN, CLEANER, BTF SystemBrian J. Gallagher
GL&V Pulp Group Inc.
The name GL&V, which stands for Groupe Laperriere & Verreault, is not yet very well known in the Pulp and Paper Industry around theworld, but it is a company made up of many familiar names in the industry. Companies such as IMPCO, Beloit Pulping, and Celleco are now allpart of GL&V, and these have been combined to create a supplier with a complete and broad range of products for the industry.
GL&V is now working together with Kawanoe Zoki to serve the Pulp and Paper Industry in Japan. Besides selling new equipment, Kawanoe
Zoki and GL&V are ready to support all existing equipment previously sold by IMPCO, Beloit Pulping, or Celleco.

Preventive Measures for Spots Caused by Dryer-fabric Deposit
Daiki Hosaka
Sales Engineering Dev., Maintech Co., Ltd.
Spot problems originate from deposition of pitch, stickies and latex in the dryer section is becoming a critical problem under high recycled
pulp furnish, closed system and alkalization conditions. These spots lead to production and quality problems such as an increase of broke andjoint work. To date, not a few pitch control programs have been tried, high-pressure fabric (canvas) showers have been developed. However
none of them have met with industry-wide acceptance.
Maintech has developed a spot prevention program, a total solution that passivates all surfaces in the paper machine where the deposition
could increase spots. The resulting surface passivation prevents depositions on wire, felt, press rolls, cylinder, fabric and calendar rolls anddrastically reduces the number of spots on paper. Mills can take considerable advantage of this program. Elimination of deposits in the paper
machine reduces not only the number of joints in the finished rolls but also reduced tonnage and down time for M/C cleaning. This paper
reviews an investigative method of spot generation from dryer fabric deposition. Case histories illustrating benefits in news print and liner
board M/C are presented.

Defoamer for KP-FOAMLEX E SeriesMitsuru Komatsu, Takashi Tanaka and Yuichi Tomoda
Paper & Pulp Group, Specialty Chemical R&D Department,
Research & Development Division, NICCA CHEMICAL CO., LTD
Recently, anti-foamer agents in Kraft-Pulp process are significantly required high performance and efficiency. Their bases are moving frommineral oil to silicone compound.
We, Nicca Chemical Co., Ltd., developed and launched a silicone emulsion anti-foamer agents, named Foamlex E series. The main content ofthese agents is the modified silicone, which is the mixture of the silicone compound and our own surfactants manufactured with unique selfemulsifying process and doesn’t remain in the pulp. Foamlex E series effects high performance for anti-foam, good emulsion stability andreducing black liquid in pulp during filtration.
We continue to develop of these anti-foamer agents in KP process based on modified silicone emulsion to provide unique characteristics andhigh performance in a paper and pulp industry.

Effects of Alkyl Chain Structures in Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD) Sizing Agents on Paper Properties and Machine Runnability

Kazuki Nagao, Hitoshi Ando and Tetsuya Hara Research and Development Division, SEIKO PMC CORPORATION
Alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) emulsion sizing agents have been widely used in alkaline papermaking systems for various paper grades from slacksized to hard-sized papers. Various kinds of AKD sizing agents have been available in Japan. These sizing agents contain AKD waxes withdifferent chain lengths of linear alkyl chains as raw materials. Recently, we have developed novel sizing agent of liquid-type AKD with branchedalkyl chains and placed it on the market in Japan. Selections of AKD sizing agent appropriate to each grade of papers and papermaking
conditions are crucial to improve paper properties and machine runnability. Thus, to do this, it is important to understand various kinds ofavailable AKD sizing agents including liquid-type AKD. In this paper, physical properties such as melting point and crystallization temperatureof AKDs themselves with various chemical structures and their hydrolysis products are described. The physical properties of their emulsion
sizing agents are also described. Then effects of chemical structures, i.e. chain length and topological structure, on paper properties such as
sizing degree and friction coefficient and on the lamination coating in the finishing process are discussed. Finally combination usages of AKD
sizing agent and other paper chemicals such as cationic polymers are exemplified.

Introduction of TAPIO Analyzers- PMA, TS-profiler, and Lab profiler BCX Yoshiyuki Kawabata
Customer Service, NOMURA SHOJI Co., Ltd.
To reduce variation in product quality in paper production field is one of the most important control items to win in the tough competition in
the global market.
In the product range of “TAPIO Profile Analyzer” supplied by TAPIO Technologies Oy, a paper analyzer manufacturer in Finland, they have aline-up of PMA (Paper Machine Analyzer), TS-Profiler and BCX.
Those analyzers catch not only variations in CD direction as well as MD direction but also find out and sort out variations which arecomplicatedly entangled in both CD and MD directions from seemingly irregular variations, and provide users of the analyzers with useful andeffective measures to locate and give solutions to a questionable part in the paper machine that has produced a cause of quality variations, andalso review control parameters for their optimization.
TAPIO Profile Analyzers have been introduced in not only many paper mills in the world but also major paper machine manufacturers such as
Metso and Voith.

The measurement method with TAPIO Proﬁle Analyzer is widely adopted as defect standard in the paper industry and as astandard measurement method to verify performance specifications for a new paper machine and a rebuilt machine as well.
This article introduces the outline, features, difference and advantage from the conventional methods, analysis method, and typical problems
found from the measurement results.

Octopus Stock Approach System
Masaaki Inaba and Norihito Toda
Kobayashi Engineering Works, Co., Ltd.
Making the paper’s basis weight profile in cross direction as even as possible, is one of the most important common needs in paper making,printing and converting processes.
Octopus Stock Approach System (Octopus) with compact and easily accessible design, has become a dilution control system to be applicable
not only to multi-ply paperboard machines but also to modern high speed paper machines.
In the north American countries, more than one hundred units of Octopus are in operations, supplied by KADANT-AES, our licensor of thesystem in U.S.A..
In Japan, 4 units of Octopus of 3 mills are now in operation successfully beyond our customers’ expectation. Another several units of Octopus
will be started up within next year including China’s latest brand new linerboard machines.

Anaerobic Treatment of Various Wastewater from the Process of Manufacturing Pulp
Shigeru Noritake and Seiji Imabayashi
Asahi Breweries Co., Ltd.
Kazuo Kamiji
Asahi Beer Engineering Co., Ltd.

Hitoshi Kagawa, Atsushi Tanaka and Hajime Takahashi
Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
Fumio Obama, Akinori Kato and Atsushi Shimamoto
Sumitomo Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.
Usually, aerobic treatment is applied to the treatment of wastewater from the process of manufacturing pulp. This time, the anaerobic
treatment was applied to evaporator drain, deinked pulp wastewater, and bleaching wastewater, with a pilot test plant. The result, high COD
removal and high load were obtained in anaerobic treatment of the drain from evaporator though its drain contains inhibitory substances. On
the other hand, gas recovery in case of deinked pulp wastewater is smaller than in evaporator drain, and COD removal is small in case of
bleaching wastewater.

New IT Solution Transforms a Tacit into Visible Knowledge- Text Mining Software REXION Pro Motomi Kohata
Advanced Automation Company, Yamatake Corporation
This paper introduces Text Mining technology and describes the application of knowledge management for a manufacturing industry aiming
at extracting know-hows and transforming an executable pattern.
The algorithm of Text Mining software “REXION” simulates human recognition and processing of document classification (clustering) forbags of unmanaged documents so that large amount of document are automatically clustered.
When various documents are analyzed/clustered with this software, it generates the information map which enables human can understandwhole document space and executes correlation analysis between text and attribute/item those data are recorded in simultaneously.
The above-mentioned feature is made the best use of, the maintenance record of the product, the contacting log at the call center, and theengineering documentation, etc. are analyzed, and useful knowledge can be obtained.

Study on Print Abrasion Trouble in Ink Layer of Matt Coated Paper
Takeshi Watanabe, Shigeo Yamanaka and Nobuhiro Matsuda
Polymer Research Laboratories, JSR Corporation
Matt coated papers form a significant and increasing segment of coated paper sector because they fulfill the demand for a paper with highbrightness, less glare and moderate gloss to get easy readability. Conventionally, matt coated papers have been produced by compromising
between brightness, gloss and print abrasion. Especially, in matt applications, a high amount of ground calcium carbonate (GCC) gives goodbrightness, but relatively results in low print abrasion (also known as smudging or scuffing). The print abrasion which occurs during thebookbinding process or transportation process is critical problem for matt coated paper. Ideally, a matt coating system would produce a highbrightness coating with good print abrasion. Optimization of particle size, particle shape of pigments, blends of pigments and varnishing are
therefore used to try to reach a balance of properties and to eliminate this problem.
In this paper, we considered that print abrasion was influenced by surface profile of coating layer; we study on the phenomenon, investigatedclarification of the key factor of print abrasion trouble with using scanning white-light interferometer. In addition, this paper presents a new
approach to matt coated paper design based on plastic pigment components. As a result, it was found that coated paper surface profile
influenced to print abrasion; furthermore it was shown that the new pigment system could improve print abrasion without affecting matt coatedpaper performance like moderate gloss, resulting in a coarse blocky plastic pigment was used as a “spacer” to reduce print abrasion.

Keywords: matt coated paper, print abrasion, smudging, scuffing, surface profile, plastic pigment

How to Save Money, Increase Efficiency and Meet Regulations by Limiting Seal Water Usage
Ryosuke Baba
Mechanical Seal Engineering Dept., John Crane Japan, Inc.

Water consumption not only represents a significant expense for pulp and paper mills and that alone is enough reason for them to look at ways
to cut down its usage, but also is increasingly being recognized as a valuable natural resource and industry therefore finds itself under pressure
to reduce its water consumption. Increasingly tight environmental regulations covering discharges and pollution are adding to the pressure touse less water and threaten major penalties for those who break them. Mill operators are increasingly being encouraged to question every
incidence of water usage and to ask if their total consumption can be reduced. Yet they cannot afford to let this impact on their production or todegrade their levels of efficiency.
Modern technology has created opportunities for water savings in some unlikely areas, prominent among which is the water used inmechanical seals.

For Sound or Noise in Industrial World Part II-It Thinks about the Noise as Part of T.F.O from SKFYasuhiko Yamasaki
Condition Monitoring Service division, SKF Japan
When it explained last “For sound or noise in industrial world”, the generation of the sound and the case were presented. It explains DGBB bycentering as the part 2 this time and the mechanism of the movement and the case with the trouble are explanation. As for the damage of the
bearing, it is necessary to think about actions to do at once by knowing at the first time and actions to make to the next overhaul. The sound inwhich the cause of needless environment deterioration is made can be decreased by executing it with the decrease of the energy loss of themachine.

Report of 2007 TAPPI Papermakers Conference
Koichi Yanai
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
The first joint 2007 TAPPI Papermakers Conference / PIMA International Leadership Conference was held in Jacksonville, FL., USA fromMarch 12 to 15. There were 73 presentations in 3 sessions in TAPPI and 28 presentations in 3 sessions in PIMA. In this report some of thepresentations in TAPPI Conference were reviewed.

A Report on PulPaper 2007
-June 5-7, 2007 at Helsinki, FinlandKeihachiro Nakajima, Motoi Chiba and Yosuke Uchida
Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
Koji Okomori
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Kunitaka Toyofuku
JAPAN TAPPIThe PulPaper 2007 Conference & Exhibition was held in Helsinki, Finland on June 5-7, 2006 hosted by PI (Finnish Paper Engineers’
Association). There were 48 special presentations on 8 sessions. Reflecting of spirit of innovation of PI and Finnish pulp & paper industry, there
were 500 participants from many countries in the world.
Special mention is enormousness of the attached exhibition. In the area of more than 10,000m2, 500 exhibitions were performed. Before andafter the meeting, we visited research organizations, paper mills, a felling spot, a tree-nursery in Sweden and Finland.

Application of Micro Bubble Treatment Technology to Paper-making Effluent Treatment
Yoshihiko Saijo and Makoto Iwasaki
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.

It is said that a region of high temperature (thousands of ℃) and high pressure (thousands atmospheric pressure) rises, at the moment when amicro bubble disappears in liquor, and that microorganisms and chemical substance in liquor can be decomposed in the region. In this report,
suitable conditions for generating most bubbles whose diameter are 50 micrometers or less underwater were found out using a micro bubble
generator (revolution type) at first, and then they were applied to effluent treatment. Although SS decreased approximately by 60% by
floatation with the micro bubble, the reduction of COD was not so remarkable. The reduction of COD is considered to be caused by reductionof SS and is not based on decomposition. As a result of applying ozone to micro bubble processing, COD decreased by 22% at the ozone
concentration 125 g/m3, and the decrease was more than in case of conventional bubbles. COD in this case was measured after filtration. The
cause of the not so large reduction (22%) of COD is thought that a region of high temperature and high pressure did not rise at the moment
when a bubble disappeared．
Keywords: micro bubble, effluent treatment, reduction of COD, reduction of SS, ozone

2007年11月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL Vol.61 No.11

November 2007 CONTENTS

Papermaking Technology I
The Newest Finishing Equipment

Toshio Aoki…(2)The Eﬃciency Progress with Sheet Sorting

Hiromu Nakamura…(10)Advanced On―line Multinip Calender

Hidehiko Yamazaki and Juha Linja…(14)Operating Experience of Janus Calender

Junichi Kanayama…(22)Operating Experience of Iwakuni PM９On―line Hot Softnip Calender

Kiminobu Kakino…(26)Slitting of Core Paper

Heinz Herkenrath…(31)―Cost Saving and Slitting Quality Improvement through Slitting Process Automation―
Operating Experience of New Slitting System at PM７Winder

Yasuhide Hirota…(35)

VariPlus Single Drum Winder for WFC Grade

Michio Takahashi…(40)Enhanced Use of Advanced Web Inspection System and Winder Advisor System

Atsushi Kurosaki…(45)Topics & Information
Report on 2007 TAPPI Coating & Graphic Arts Conference
Masanori Kawashima, Hideaki Yamada and Mitsutaka Kondo…(49)Research Report（Original Paper）
Development of Manufacturing Process for High Quality Calcium Carbonate by Causticizing Process in a Kraft Pulp Mill（Part３）―Scale―up Trials at Pilot and Mill Plant for Rice―like Particles―
Yasunori Nanri, Haruo Konno, Hideyuki Goto, Yasuhiro Okamoto and Kazuto Takahashi …(58)Inﬂuence of Cooking Conditions on Pulp Properties of Acacia auriculiformis in Kraft Pulping
M. Sarwar Jahan, R. Sabina and A. Rubaiyat…(69)
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan (74)
―KOA KOGYO CO., LTD.―

KOA KOGYO CO., LTD.…(78)Committee report…(03)

Coffee break…(57)

Papyrus…(85)

Industry News（Domestic and International）…(87)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(98)

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication…(99)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(107)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(108)

Other Monthly Statistics…(110)

News from the Association…(112)

2007年11月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL Vol.61 No.11

November 2007 Abstracts

The Newest Finishing Equipment
Toshio Aoki
Maruishi Co., Ltd.
Maruishi has been making an unlimited effort to develop the best modern finishing equipment. In addition, Maruishi has many technology
partner ship such bielomatik-Jagenberg GmbH, Trancel AB, Saimatec Engineering, Function Control BV, total 11 world-famous companies. In
the rapidly changing international market today, End users are demanding the high Quality, High productivities. Maruishi would like tointroduce from the Automatic Roll Storage System until Automatic Truck loading/Unloading system which we can make a large contribution ofthis Paper industry.

The Efficiency Progress with Sheet Sorting
Hiromu Nakamura
Hokuetsu Kamiseisen Co., Ltd.
This is the following report that was told as “The Approach for No Manual Sorting System - The labor-saving history in sheet finishingprocess” at Japan TAPPI Annual Meeting in 2006. The previous report dealt with paper finishing without resorting based on “the quality
verification activity”. In this report, the labor-saving strategy by finishing line renewal is described. The labor-saving is achieved by the
combination of the quality verification chain and the latest paper finishing machinery.

Advanced On-line Multinip Calender
Hidehiko Yamazaki
Metso Paper Japan Co., Ltd.
Juha Linja
Metso Paper Inc.
OptiLoad calender is a new generation multinip calender of Metso paper. The advances in both mechanical and process technologies havemade it possible to achieve high quality-surface finishing at high speed. OptiLoad has its own special features such as specially designed rollweight relieving mechanism, application of high-temperature thermo roll, special roll configuration, uniform nip load through top to bottom rolland so forth.
Metso Paper has delivered more than 50 OptiLoad calenders with on-line and off-line. Nowadays, wide range of the application is admittedwith related technology development. In this paper, the multinip calender technologies for on-line application for coated paper grades and noncoated paper grades such as SC paper are described.

Operating Experience of Janus Calender
Junichi Kanayama
Yonago Mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
The N-1 Coater Machine at Yonago mill, Oji Paper, has been operating since September 1997. The coating width of this coater machine is7290mm and the design coating speed is 1600m/min, it produces 835tpd of woodfree coated paper.

The Janus Calender has installed next to the coating section as an on-line supercalender, which was the ﬁrst case in the world. For the
purpose of adopting on-line supercalender was to reduce initial investments and maintenance costs, to achieve higher personnel productivity,
and to produce coated paper of better quality. This Janus Calender consists of 2 stacks with each 5 rolls, it can get the quality that is similar to
an off-line supercalender. This article introduces the latest operating experiences of the N-1 Coater Machine and the Janus Calender.

Operating Experience of Iwakuni PM9 On-line Hot Softnip Calender
Kiminobu Kakino
Iwakuni Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

The start-up of No. 9 paper machine of Iwakuni Mill was in 1997, a decade ago. Currently, its capacity is approximately 700 metric ton per day
for woodfree LWC paper (A3 grade). To obtain higher productivity, the No. 9 paper machine was designed as a conbination model of paper
machine and coater. It's also equipped with Hot Softnip calendar (4stucks) to achieve high temperature and high pressure finishing process.
This report is a summery of the operating experience about vertical four stucks Hot Softnip calender.

Slitting of Core Paper- Cost Saving and Slitting Quality Improvement through Slitting Process Automation Heinz Herkenrath
DIENES JAPAN (at Mack3 Enterprise, Inc.)
Slitting technology has been subject to rapid developments in recent years. With today’s top-quality tools, slitting at higher speeds is no longer
wishful thinking. At the same time, better results are achieved in terms of edge quality, dust generation and knife service life. This means, thatin many existing slitting systems, there is an enormous efficiency and cost-saving potential, which should be tapped by applying state-of-the-art
technologies.
The history of continuous slitting goes back to 150 years and Dienes has been involved in making this history for at least half of that period.
This is documented by numerous national and international patents.
Dienes' scope of supply includes the respective slitting tools like dished, top and bottom knives as well as multiple knife blocks of different
material quality and surface finish and last but not least knife positioning systems in manual, semi- or fully-automatic design.

Operating Experience of New Slitting System at PM7 Winder
Yasuhide Hirota
Sobue Mill, Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd.
In January 2005, and after a two year rebuilding program concentrated on improvements to the production system ,Oji Sobue restarted paper
machine #7 producing Linerboard. The main objective of this rebuild program was to introduce the latest technologies available to the industry
to maximize production efficiencies with special emphasis on the newest Slitting positioning system developed by German machine
manufacture. This slitting positioning system was the first one of its kind installed in Japan. The improvements of the slitting system have
reduced substantially the number of mechanical breakdowns and machine stoppages, while dramatically improving slitting accuracy, quality andcleanliness while practically eliminating any dust problems, which previously were an area of great concern to Oji Sobue.
These improvements helped reduce operating costs and improve quality with fewer blade changes easier maintenance and operator friendly
interfaces, the solution of the dust problems contributed for the elimination of a dust collecting system, thus also contributing for significant
energy savings.

VariPlus Single Drum Winder for WFC Grade
Michio Takahashi
Voith Paper Co., Ltd.

The single drum winding is better winding solution for high density and smooth product. Especially WFC paper grade requires premium
quality of roll hardness structure without any winding faults. On the single drum winder, each paper roll is wound in a separate station andsupported on a single drum. Each winding station is practically a separate machine. Therefore this type of winder is technologically predestinedfor various ranges of paper grades and product needs. However, operation resources and high maintenance was required. The VariPlus single
drum concept has been thoroughly modernized with a much higher degree of automation. We Voith aim thereby to enhance machine
productivity by increasing operating speed without risk and optimizing automation for greatest reliability and time savings.

Enhanced Use of Advanced Web Inspection System and Winder Advisor System
Atsushi Kurosaki
Surface Inspection Systems Division, COGNEX K.K.
Cognex developed “SmartLearnR”, a useful l classification tool. It was designed such that the latest learning classification technology can be
combined with expert knowledge of each application. SmartLearn dramatically improves defect classification accuracy.
The usage of “AWA (Advanced Winder Advisor)” further streamlines the re-reeling process. Automatic and accurate stopping at desired
defect positions improves winder operation not seen before.

Report on 2007 TAPPI Coating & Graphic Arts Conference
Masanori Kawashima
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd., Pulp & Paper Research Laboratory
Hideaki Yamada
Oji Paper Co., Ltd., Pulp & Paper Research Laboratory
Mitsutaka Kondo
Oji Paper Co., Ltd., Material Analysis Center2007 TAPPI Coating and Graphic Arts Conference was held in Hyatt Regency Miami, FL, U.S.A. from April 22 to 25. There were 24 sessions
and 69 presentations in this conference. This international conference attracted over 400 participants from around the world. We had an
opportunity to join the conference and made a summary of interesting 14 presentations in this report.

Development of Manufacturing Process for High Quality Calcium Carbonate by Causticizing Process in a Kraft Pulp Mill (Part3)- Scale-up Trials at Pilot and Mill Plant for Rice-like Particles Yasunori Nanri, Haruo Konno and Hideyuki Goto
Nippon Paper Industries, Co., Ltd., Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory
Yasuhiro Okamoto
Nippon Paper Industries, Co., Ltd., Ishinomaki Mill
Kazuto Takahashi
Nippon Paper Chemicals, Co., Ltd., Gotsu Mill
Precipitated calcium carbonate is produced as a by-product in the causticizing process of the kraft pulping process. There are many
advantages to use this by-product, causticizing calcium carbonate (CCC), as filler and coating pigment in paper. By using this CCC for papermaterials, lime-kiln operation would be reduced or eliminated, resulting in the reduction of fuel oil for calcination of calcium carbonate.
Furthermore, accumulated impurities in the lime cycle can be removed constantly. In our previous reports, we showed that CCC particles with avarious kind of morphology were obtained by separating and precisely controlling the two reactions of slaking and causticizing in thecausticizing process. Among these morphologies, rice-like particles can be produced with the least process modification. Then, production trials
at laboratory, pilot, and mill scale plant were carried out to investigate the possibility of production of the rice-like CCC at mill.
Since main purpose of causticizing process is to produce white liquor, the white liquor separation from the CCC slurry is very important for
kraft pulp production. To increase the particle size of CCC is one of the most promising way to accelerate the white liquor separation.
Therefore, the production methods of the secondary particles having lager particle size were investigated by the step-wise addition and thecontinuous addition of slaked lime slurry and green liquor against the primary particle. In this paper, results of the production trails of the ricelike CCC at laboratory, pilot, and mill scale plant are reported.

Keywords: Causticizing reaction, calcium carbonate, pilot plant, mill plant, scale-up

Influence of Cooking Conditions on Pulp Properties of Acacia auriculiformis in Kraft Pulping
M. Sarwar Jahan
Pulp and Paper Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories
R. Sabina and A. Rubaiyat
Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Dhaka University
Acacia auriculiformis was subjected to kraft pulping by varying operational variables, such as time, temperature, and active alkali charge. A
central composite design was used to investigate the influence of operational conditions on the pulp properties (total pulp yield, screened pulp
yield, kappa number tensile index, burst index and tear index). A second order polynomial model consisting of three independent variables wasfound to accurately describe the kraft pulping of Acacia auriculiformis. The minimum R2 value was above 0.94, which supported well fitting in
the proposed equation. The values of screened pulp yield, total pulp yield, kappa number, tensile index, burst index and tear index at the central
point of operational variables were 43.5 %, 44.6 %, 26.1, 41.7 N.m/g, 3.3 kPa.m2/g and 12.3 mN.m2/g, respectively, which are within thevicinity of predicted value.
Keywords: Acacia auriculiformis pulping, Central composite design, Dependent and independent
variables, Multiple non-linear regression, Pulp properties

2007年12月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL Vol.61 No.12

December 2007 CONTENTSENVIRONMENT
Report of the１４th Environmental Seminar
Environment Technical Committee, JAPAN TAPPI…(1)New International Approaches for Chemicals Management

Yoshiaki Ichikawa…(5)―REACH, GHS―
Statistical Survey on Industrial Wastes Generation and Its

Naohumi Maeda…(9)Utilization in Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan
Plans to Carry out the Measures against Climate Change in Japan

Akira Saito…(15)

Status and Trend of Environmental Laws and Regulations

Shigenori Imamiya…(19)The Environmental Policy in China

Meguri Aoyama…(25)

Challenges for GHG Reduction in Steel Industry

Toru Ono…(29)

Bioethanol：Today and Tomorrow

Hideaki Yukawa…(34)The Latest Information on RPF and C―RPF, the Next―generation Technology
Ash Treatment Technology and Reuse Technology by Ash Melting System
Waste Paper Collection：Present Business and Problems

Testuo Akashi…(43)Masao Kurihara…(51)A Diagnosis System and Service of Activated Sludge Treatment
Introduction of Research Laboratories

Motoyasu Takenaka…(38)Takao Ogawa…(54)(62)

Laboratory of Functional Material Chemistry, Marine Environmental Chemistry, Department of
Ocean Science, Faculty of Marine Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology
Research Report（Original Paper）
Quantitative Analysis of Hydrogen Peroxide by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Kengo Magara, Tsutomu Ikeda, Tomoko Sugimoto and Shuji Hosoya…(65)Technical Report（Original Paper）
Changes of Pulp properties by Recicling

Takashi Yaezawa…(78)―Eﬀects of Alkaline Soaking―Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan(75)―Osaka Mill, Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd.―Oji Paperboard Co., Ltd.…(96)Committee report…(03)

Essay on Intellectual Property…(61)

Coffee break…(64)

Papyrus…(101)

Industry News（Domestic and International）…(103)

List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI…(114)

List of Patents issued and Laid―open Publication…(116)

Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District…(131)

Wholesale Price list of Papers at Tokyo Trade Center…(132)

Other Monthly Statistics…(134)

News from the Association…(136)

2007年12月

紙パ技協誌[プリント用ページ]
JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL Vol.61 No.12

December 2007 Abstracts

New International Approaches for Chemicals Management- REACH, GHS Yoshiaki Ichikawa
Hitachi, Ltd., Environmental Corporate Policy Div.
Global approaches for new chemicals management in the perspective of legislation on "environmental product policy" are discussed. REACH,
a recently introduced EU chemicals policy, is obviously a typical example and a main topic dealt with in this lecture. This approach is featuredby the two distinguished issues; one is "wide scope of registration/notification" and the other is "supply-chain obligation". In particular thelatter issue should be strongly cautioned by industries since companies in EU seem to be much more advantageous than those in Japan. This
presentation also points out that even Japanese companies doing business only domestically are very much likely to be affected by this law. Beststrategies for Japanese industries are proposed as well as relevant movements already observed worldwide.

Statistical Survey on Industrial Wastes Generation and Its Utilization in Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan
NaohumiMaeda

Environmental Technology, Japan Paper Association
Japan Paper Association and JAPAN TAPPI investigate industrial waste for the member corporation etc. every year, and have brought theresult together. The coverage is 87.7%, based on the paper and paperboard production volume. The total amount of industrial wastes generated
in Japanese paper mills corresponds to about 11% of their paper and paperboard production. (BD)The recycled waste is 87.8% in B.D to the residue (after incineration is processed, etc).
The wastes finally disposed is 12.2% (in B.D) to the residue (after incineration is processed, etc).

Plans to Carry out the Measures against Climate Change in Japan
Akira Saito
Mizuho Information & Research Institute, Inc.
Environment, Natural Resources and Energy Division
Before the first commitment period (2008-2012) of the Kyoto Protocol, the Government is assessing the Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement
Plan to revise until next March. It is certain that many Kyoto credits will be necessary for the compliance of Kyoto Targets of Japan. For the
procurement of Kyoto credits, the balance between supply and demand should be taken into consideration, and it may not be probable tobecome oversupply in the Kyoto market for the time being. Moreover, it is necessary for Japan and Japanese companies to make out mid andlong-term plans against climate change.

Status and Trend of Environmental Laws and Regulations
Shigenori Imamiya
Environmental Management Department, Oji paper Co., Ltd.
Although many environmental laws and regulations have been enacted and put in force mainly to tighten the control since the 1990s, thistrend could continue for the duration.

The focus of attention to come in environmental laws and regulations could be placed on (a) energy saving and global warming curbing
countermeasures, (b) the chemical substance management and (c) waste and recycling affairs. Especially, it is expected to introduce a drastic
reform for "Waste Disposal and Public Cleansing Law" because there are some situations taking place, which interfere with adequate recycling.
In this environmental seminar, the environmental laws and regulations are presented, which have been revised for the past several years andhave to be watched closely.
It can be said that for ensuring compliance to environmental laws and regulations, it is necessary to understand the purpose and outline of thelaws and regulations, and raise the level of efforts.

The Environmental Policy in China
Meguri Aoyama
Asia Group, Keidanren
The China's Industrial policy including foreign investment has already changed into environmentally friendly one, because China's
environmental problems are mounting.
China's rapid development has become an environmental disaster. Water pollution and water scarcity are burdening the economy, rising levelof air pollution are endangering the health of Chinese people, and much of the country's land is rapidly turning into desert.
High economic growth necessarily requires the huge consumption of resources, but in China energy use has been especially unclean andinefficient, with serious consequences for the country's air, land and water. Although per capita GDP in China is still 2000 dollars, China isalready attracting international attention for its rapid growing contribution to climate change.

Challenges for GHG Reduction in Steel Industry
Toru Ono
Nippon Steel Corporation
Steel industry of Japan has enthusiastically challenged in energy saving since the oil crisis in 1970's, and reached to the world top level inenergy efficiency. Energy saving methods of Japanese steel industry are categorized into I) process innovation, II) process optimization, III)effective use of byproduct gases, IV) waste heat (energy) recovery, and V) utilization of wastes in the iron & steel making processes. Waste
plastics and waste tires have started to be used in iron and steel making process to reduce natural resources.
In addition, R&D projects for further process are actively carried out. In the field of process innovation, after a long R&D stage, the advanced
coke oven (SCOPE-21 is now on the horizon. For realization of a social system based on hydrogen, coke oven gas is expected as a potential
resource of hydrogen supply for fuel cells, and demonstration programs are carried out. In order to realize global warming protection withsimultaneous fossil fuel consumption, technologies for CO2 capturing from blast furnace gas are intentionally investigated as a national R&D
project.
Recent economic growth of developing countries, especially China, is bringing a rapid expansion of steel production and related increase in
consumption of raw materials and energy, and huge amount of GHG emission. Therefore, improvements of energy efficiency of steel sector ofdeveloping countries are very important not only for future shortage of natural resources but also for global warming protection.
Among many challenges by steel industry, contributions through supplying steel products with high performances and use of byproducts in thesociety are the most important for our better life with protecting global warming and resource problem.

Bioethanol: Today and Tomorrow
Hideaki Yukawa
Microbiology Research Group
Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE)

From the standpoints of preventing global warming and bracing for the expected exhaustion of fossil fuel resources, worldwide attention iscurrently focused on bioethanol. In the U.S., development of new technologies is a strongly promoted national policy, leading to a drastic
increase in the production of bioethanol. However, feedstocks for current ethanol production processes comprise food crops, the supply ofwhich will be increasingly constrained. Therefore, there is a pressing need to utilize "soft-biomass", obtained from non-food biomass as well as
inedible parts of food crops, as demand for ethanol increases. The RITE-bioprocess is based on a new concept that fundamentally resolved thetechnological problems of bioethanol production from soft-biomass.
Keyword: soft-biomass, bioethanol, RITE-bioprocess

The Latest Information on RPF and C-RPF, the Next-generation Technology
Motoyasu Takenaka
RPF Planning and Developing Dept., SEKI-SHOUTEN CO., LTD.
RPF, "Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel" is a fuel provided in solid form using non-reclaimable used paper and plastic waste as its staple materials.
The use of RPF is increasingly receiving high marks from mainly paper industry as an alternative to fossil fuels, due to its superiorities such asfuel quality, costs and environmentally mild impacts. This report features RPF properties, market demand and related information on the latest
activities making conformance of RPF to JIS requirements or ensuing action toward legal revisions, and also introduces a new technology CRPF, consisted mainly of charcoal and plastic waste. This charcoal, called "Char", is produced through a process of carbonizing kitchen garbage(combustible trash). C-RPF can be substantially substituted for coal as well as RPF and can contribute to reduce green house gas emission bycurtailing fossil fuel use. Therefore, C-RPF has high expectations as one of the powerful way for recycling domestic waste which has been being
collected and combusted by local governments.

Ash Treatment Technology and Reuse Technology by Ash Melting System
Testuo Akashi
Environmental & Recycling Plant Engineering & Design Dept.,
JFE Environmental Solutions Corporation
This paper explained ash treatment technology and reuse technology which are developed in the MSW [municipal solid waste] incineration
process. Next, new melting process of MSW incinerator ash was introduced, and then new reuse technology of slag produced by MSW-melting
process was introduced.
Keywords: Ash, Melting Process, Slag, Reuse, Municipal Solid Waste

Waste Paper Collection: Present Business and Problems
Masao Kurihara
Kurihara Shizai Co., Ltd.
Recently articles on waste paper appear in newspapers. The fact that the price of waste paper increased by 30% in a year attracted an attention
in the economic situation in which most goods were suffering in deflation for these three years. As the waste paper price increased, growing
numbers of newcomers joined in the waste paper business. Some of them took away illegally waste paper deposited at depots where local
governments and municipal unions organized for collection. To counter the illegal take-away, many local governments established penal
regulations.
I will introduce how the present business is going from the standpoints of collection, consumption, price and international market.

A Diagnosis System and Service of Activated Sludge Treatment
Takao Ogawa
Ogawa Environmental Research Institute, Inc.

Nowadays the computer technology is widely used in the manufacturing processes for controlling the quality of products and production lines.
However, the application of computer technology is not well developed in the field of waste water treatment process. For example, most of
facilities of Activated Sludge Treatment (AST) are operated based on the operator's experience, although the basic operation procedure is wellknown.
The main reasons why the AST is not operated systematically are as followed:
1) The decomposing ability of BOD component by AS (that is, an activity of AS) in the aeration tank is not evaluated quantitatively in realtime.
2) The instrument / equipment to measure promptly and continuously the BOD value of raw waste water and its decomposing rate is notavailable.
I introduce here the method and the computer aided instrument / equipment to easily and promptly measure and monitor the following two
indicators of "the activity of AS in the aeration tank" and "the decomposing rate of BOD component in the feed waste water". Moreover, I showthat the performance of AST is analyzed quantitatively by using these two indicators.
Keywords: activity of Activated Sludge Treatment, decomposing rate of BOD component, decomposing ability of BOD

Quantitative Analysis of Hydrogen Peroxide by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Kengo Magara, Tsutomu Ikeda, Tomoko Sugimoto and Shuji Hosoya
Forestry and Forest Products Research InstituteHydrogen peroxide is generally determined by an iodometric titration method. This method is determining the oxidation-ability of a sample
solution. If any compounds that have oxidation-ability toward iodide are involved in the sample solution, the oxidation-ability of thosecompounds will be counted as a part of hydrogen peroxide. Accordingly, when the reaction mechanisms of oxygen or ozone bleaching areinvestigated using model compounds, the drawback become serious. Because some of the compounds formed during the bleaching may haveoxidation-ability and be still kept in the reaction mixture after the bleaching. The method is, therefore, required to separate hydrogen peroxidefrom some compounds having oxidation-ability and to determine the accurate amount of hydrogen peroxide.
To satisfy these requirements, chromatographic determination of hydrogen peroxide was investigated using high performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC). Hydrogen peroxide was reported to be separated by a ligand exchange type column in which a sulfonatedpolystylene/divinyl benzene cation-exchange resin was packed1).
In our report, the analytical conditions to determine hydrogen peroxide were investigated using the reported column. The column body madewith stainless steal resulted in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide during the separation. This drawback was improved by the addition of
EDTA in the eluent. The detection of hydrogen peroxide was accomplished by an electrochemical detector (ECD) with a platinum electrode(+0.45 V of voltammetric charge toward a reference electrode). When the highly acidic or alkaline samples were injected to the column, theseparated acid or base would remove a coating by oxidized substrates on the electrode resulting in the disorder of a baseline, because thecurrent between a working and a counter electrode changes suddenly. Therefore, sufficiently buffered solution was needed as an eluent of
HPLC-ECD.
Keywords: hydrogen peroxide, high performance liquid chromatography, EDTA

Changes of Pulp Properties by Recycling- Effects of Alkaline Soaking Takashi Yaezawa
Pulp & Paper Research Lab., Oji Paper CO., Ltd.
Many works concerning to recycling of paper have suggested that the recycling decreases pulp strengths and optical properties. In thesestudies, the recycling procedure only consists of repeated treatment such as pulping, drying and re-pulping.
However, actual deinking process usually has a soaking process which is carried out with alkaline chemicals such as sodium hydroxide andhydrogen peroxide.
In this paper, we show the significance of the soaking in the deinking process. For hardwood bleached kraft pulp, the soaking with alkalinechemicals affects negative inferences to pulp strengths, however, the soaking with hydrogen peroxide affects positive inferences. On the other
hand, the soaking has a little influence on the TMP properties except optical properties.
Keywords: Recycling, Deinking, Alkaline chemicals, Hydrogen peroxide, Alkaline soaking