EEAPVPF

TG/RICEORIGINAL: English
DATE: 2013-07-03

EAST ASIA PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION FORUM

Rice
Oryza sativa L.

GUIDELINESFOR THE CONDUCT OF TESTSFOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY

Alternative Names:
Botanical nameEnglish?

Rice

The purpose of these guidelines (“Test Guidelines”) is to fulfill the activities under the EAPVPForum on harmonization of Test Guidelines.

TG/Rice
2013-07-03-2-

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

1.

SUBJECT OF THESE TEST GUIDELINES....................................................................... 3

2.

MATERIAL REQUIRED..................................................................................................... 33.

METHOD OF EXAMINATION.......................................................................................... 3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5

4.

Number of Growing Cycles........................................................................................ 3
Testing Place............................................................................................................... 3
Conditions for Conducting the Examination............................................................... 3
Test Design.................................................................................................................. 3
Additional Tests........................................................................................................... 4

ASSESSMENT OF DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY........................ 4
4.1
4.2
4.3

Distinctness.................................................................................................................. 4
Uniformity................................................................................................................... 5
Stability........................................................................................................................ 5

5.

GROUPING OF VARIETIES AND ORGANIZATION OF THE GROWINGTRIAL................................................................................................................................... 5

6.

INTRODUCTION TO THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS...................................... 6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5

Categories of Characteristics....................................................................................... 6
States of Expression and Corresponding Notes........................................................... 6
Types of Expression.................................................................................................... 7
Example Varieties........................................................................................................ 7
Legend......................................................................................................................... 87.

TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS…………................................……........….................. 9

8.

EXPLANATIONS ON THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS....................................16
8.1
8.2

9.

Explanations covering several characteristics.............................................................16
Explanations for individual characteristics..................................................................16

LITERATURE.............................................................................................................…….22

10. TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE......................................................................................23

TG/Rice
2013-07-03-3-

1.

Subject of these Guidelines
These Test Guidelines apply to all varieties of Oryza sativa L.

2.

Material Required
2.1 The competent authorities decide on the quantity and quality of the plant material required
for testing the variety and when and where it is to be delivered. Applicants submitting
material from a Country other than that in which the testing takes place must ensure that all
customs formalities and pytosanitary requirements are complied with.

2.2. The material is to be supplied in the form of seed.
2.3 The minimum quantity of seeds, to be supplied by the applicant, should be:
2.3.1 General: 500 grams
2.3.2 Hybrid varieties: If requested, an additional 500 grams of seed of eachcomponent should be submitted.
2.4 Panicles: If requested by the competent authority, at least 50 panicles should also be
submitted. The panicles should be well-developed and not affected by any pest or disease.
They should contain a sufficient number of viable seeds to establish a satisfactory row ofplants for observation.
2.5 The seed should meet the minimum requirements for germination, species and analyticalpurity, health and moisture content, specified by the competent authority. In cases where
the seed is to be stored, the germination capacity should be as high as possible and should
be stated by the applicant.
2.6 The seeds should not have undergone any treatment, which would affect the expression of
the characteristics of the variety, unless the competent authorities allow or request suchtreatment. If it has been treated, full details of the treatment must be given.
2.7 The plant material supplied should be visibly healthy, not lacking in vigor, nor affected byany important pest or disease.
3.

Method of Examination

3.1 Duration of Tests. The minimum duration of tests should be 2 independent growing cycles.
3.2 Testing Place. The tests should normally be conducted in one place. If any characteristic of thevariety, which is relevant for the examination of DUS, cannot be seen in that place, the variety may
be tested in an additional place
3.3 Conditions for Conducting the Examination
The tests should be carried out under conditions ensuring satisfactory growth for the expression of
the relevant characteristics of the variety and for the conduct of the examination.
3.3.1 Stage of Development for the Assessment

TG/Rice
2013-07-03-4-

The optimal stage of development for the assessment of each characteristic is indicated by anumber in the second column of the Table of Characteristics. The stages of development
denoted by each number are described at the end of Chapter 8.
3.3.2 Type of Observation- visual or measurement
The recommended method of observing the characteristics is indicated by the following key
in the second column of the Table of Characteristics:
MG: single measurement of a group of plants or parts of plants
MS: measurement of a number of individual plants or parts of plants
VG: visual assessment by a single observation of a group of plants or parts of plants
VS: visual assessment by observation of individual plants or parts of plants
Characteristics containing the following notes in the second column of the Table ofCharacteristics should be examined as indicated below:
3.4 Test Design
3.4.1 The design of the tests should be such that plants or parts of plants may be removed formeasurement or counting without prejudice to the observations which must be made up to theend of the growing cycle.
3.4.2

Each test cycle should be designed to result in a total of, at least 1500 plants, whichshould be divided between two or more replicates.
Single panicle-rows if test on panicle-rows are conducted, at least 50 panicle-rows should beobserved.

3.5 Number of Plants / Parts of Plants to be Examined
Unless otherwise indicated, all observations made on individual plants or determined by measurement
or counting should be made on at least 20 plants or parts taken from each of the 20 plants.
3.6 Additional Tests
Additional tests, for examining relevant characteristics, may be established.
Assessment of Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability
4.1 Distinctness
4.1.1 General Recommendation
It is of particular importance for users of this Test Guidelines to consult the General Introduction prior
to making decisions regarding distinctness. However, the following points are provided for elaborationor emphasis in these Test Guidelines.

TG/Rice
2013-07-03-5-

4.1.2 Consistent Differences
The minimum duration of tests recommended in section 3.1 reflects, in general, the need to ensure thatany differences in a character are sufficiently consistent.
4.1.3 Clear Differences
Determining whether a difference between two varieties is clear depends on many factors, and should
consider, in particular, the type of expression of the characteristic being examined, i.e. whether it isexpressed in a qualitative, quantitative, or pseudo-qualitative manner. Therefore, it is important thatusers of these Test Guidelines are familiar with the recommendations contained in the General
Introduction prior to making decisions regarding distinctness.
4.2 Uniformity
4.2.1 It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to consult the General Introduction
prior to making decisions regarding uniformity. However, the following points are provided forelaboration or emphasis in these Test Guidelines.
4.2.2 Self-pollinated varieties
Plots: For the assessment of uniformity of characteristics on the plot as a whole, a population standardof 0.1% with an acceptance probability of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample size of
1,500 plants the maximum number of off-types allowed would be 4.
Single panicle-rows: For the assessment of uniformity of characteristics on single panicle-rows, plants
or parts of plants (visual assessment by observations of a number of individual panicle-rows, plants orparts of plants), a population standard of 1% with an acceptance probability of at least 95% should beapplied. In the case of a sample size of 50 panicles the maximum number of aberrant panicle-rows,
plants or parts of plants should not exceed 2.
4.2.3 Hybrid varieties
For the assessment of uniformity of single hybrid, a population standard of 1% with an acceptanceprobability of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample size of 1,500 plants the maximum
number of off-types allowed would be 22.
4.3 Stability
4.3.1 In practice, it is not usual to perform tests of stability that produce results as certain as those of thetesting of distinctness and uniformity. However, experience has demonstrated that, for many types ofvariety, when a variety has been shown to be uniform, it can also be considered to be stable.
4.3.2 Where appropriate, or in cases of doubt, stability may be tested, either by growing a further
generation, or by testing a new seed stock to ensure that it exhibits the same characteristics as thoseshown by the previous material supplied.
5.

Grouping of Varieties and Organization of the Growing Trial

5.1 The selection of varieties of common knowledge to be grown in the trial with the candidate varieties
and the way in which these varieties are divided into groups to facilitate the assessment of distinctness
is aided by the use of grouping characteristics.

TG/Rice
2013-07-03-6-

5.2 Grouping characteristics are those in which the documented states of expression, even when
produced at different locations, can be used, either individually or in combination with other suchcharacteristics: (a) to select varieties of common knowledge that can be included from the growing trial
used for examination of distinctness; and (b) to organize the growing trial so that similar varieties aregrouped together.
5.3 The following have been agreed as useful grouping characteristics:
Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of auricles (characteristic 9)Time of heading (50% of plants with heads) (characteristic 19)
Non-prostrate varieties only: Stem: length (excluding panicle) (characteristic 26)
Decorticated grain: length (characteristic 58)
Decorticated grain: color (characteristic 61)
Decorticated grain: aroma (characteristic 65)
5.4 Guidance for the use of grouping characteristics, in the process of examining distinctness, isprovided through the General Introduction
6.

Introduction to the Table of Characteristics

6.1 Categories of Characteristics
6.1.1 Standard Test Guidelines Characteristics
Standard Test Guidelines characteristics are those which are approved by UPOV for examination of
DUS and from which members and non-members of the Union can select suitable characteristics fortheir particular circumstances.
6.1.2 Asterisked Characteristics
Asterisked characteristics (denoted by *) are those included in the Test Guidelines which are important
for the International Harmonization of variety descriptions and should always be examined for DUS andincluded in the variety descriptions by all members and non-members on the Union, except when thestate of expression of a preceding characteristics or regional environmental conditions render thisinappropriate.
6.2 States of Expression and Corresponding Notes
States of expression are given for each characteristic to define the characteristic and to harmonize
descriptions. Each state of expression is allocated a corresponding numerical note for ease of recordingof data and for the production and exchange of the description.
6.3 Types of Expression
An explanation of the types of expression of characteristics (qualitative, quantitative and pseudoqualitative) is provided in the General Introduction.
6.4 Example or Reference Varieties
Where appropriate, example varieties are provided to clarify the state of expression of eachcharacteristic.

TG/Rice
2013-07-03-7-

Legend(*)

Asterisked characteristic – see Section 6.1.2

QL
QN
PQ

Qualitative characteristic – see Section 6.3
Quantitative characteristic – see Section 6.3
Pseudo-Qualitative characteristic – see section 6.3

MG
MS
VG
VS

Single measurement of a group of plants or plant parts - see section 3.3.1
Measurement of a number of individual plants or plant parts -see section 3.3.1
Visual assessments by a single observation of a group of plants or plant parts- see section 3.3.1
Visual assessment by observation of individual plants or plant parts – see section 3.3.1

(a)
(+)

See explanations of Table of Characteristics in Chapter 8, Section 8.1
See Explanation on the Table of Characteristics on Chapter 8, Section 8.2

Stage of development: see Section 3.3.2
7. Table of Characteristics
EAPV
P No.
1.
(+)
QN

UPO
V
No.
1.

2.
PQ

2.

3.
QN

3.

4.
QL

4.

5.

5.

PQ

6.
QL

Stage

10
VS

40
VS

40
VG

40
VG
40
VG

6.

40
VG

Characteristics

Coleoptile: anthocyanin coloration
absent or very weak
weakstrongBasal leaf: sheath color
green
green with purple lines
light purple
purpleLeaf: intensity of green color
lightmediumdark
Leaf: anthocyanin coloration
absentpresent
Leaf: distribution of anthocyanin
coloration
on tips only
on margins onlyin blotches onlyeven
Leaf sheath: anthocyanin coloration
absentpresent

Example Varieties

Not
e

1
3
5
1
2
3
4
3
5
7
1
9

1
2
3
4
1
9

TG/Rice
2013-07-03
-8-

EAPV
P No.
7.

UPO
V
No.
7.

QN

8.

Stage

40

QN

Example Varieties

Not
e

1
3
5
7

40

Leaf sheath: intensity of anthocyanin
coloration
very weak
weakmediumstrongLeaf blade: pubescence of surfaceVSabsent or very weak

1

weak

3

medium

5
7

VG

8.

Characteristics

9.

40

strongLeaf: auricles

QL

VG

absent1

present

910. (*)

9.

QL

40

Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of auricles

VSabsent1

present

9

11.

40

Leaf: collar

1

QL

VS

absent940

present
Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of collarVSabsent1

present

9

12.

10.

QL
13.

40

Leaf: ligule

QL

VS

absent1

present

9

14.

11.

PQ

15.
PQ

12.

40

Leaf: shape of liguleVS

truncate

1

acute

2

cleft

3

40

Leaf: color of liguleVS

colorless

1

green

2

green with purple lines

3

light purple

4

purple5

TG/Rice
2013-07-03
-9-

EAPV
P No.

UPO
V
No..

Stage

Characteristics

Example Varieties

Not
e

16.

40

Leaf: length of ligule

QN

MS

short

3

medium

5

long

7

17.

13.

QN

18.

14.

QN

19. (*)

15.

(+)

40

Leaf blade: length

MS

short

3

medium

5

long

7

40

Leaf blade: widthMSnarrow3

medium

5

broad

7

Flag leaf: attitude of blade (earlyobservation)
erect

1

semi-erect3

horizontal

5

recurved

7

Flag leaf: attitude of blade (lateobservation)
erect

1

semi-erect3

horizontal

5

recurved

7

60
VG

QN

20. (*)

16.

(+)

90
VG

QN

21.

17.

(+)

70

Culm: habit

VS

erect

1

semi-erect

3

open

5

spreading

7

prostrate9

Prostrate varieties only: Culm: kneeing
abilityabsent1

present

9Time of heading (50% of plants withheads) （deleted “halfway” because it
seemed unnecessary）
very early

1

early

3

PQ

22.

18.

(+)

70
VS

QL
23. (*)

QN

19.

55

VG

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 10 -

medium5

late

7

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 11 -

EAPV
P No.
24.

UPO
V
No.
20.

(+)

Stage

60
VS/M
S

PQ
25.

21.

(+)
QN

26.

VS

22.

(+)
QN

27. (*)

65
VS

23.

QN

28. (*)
PQ

65

65
VS

24.

65
VS

29.

60-65

QN

VS

30.

65

QL

VS

Characteristics

Example Varieties

NoteMale sterility
absent1

partially male sterile2

male sterile3

Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of keel(early observation)
absent of very weak
weakmediumstrongLemma: anthocyanin coloration of area
below apex (early observation)
absent or very weak
weakmediumstrongLemma: anthocyanin coloration of apex
(early observation)
absent or very weak
weakmediumstrongvery strong
Spikelet: color of stigma
whitelight green
yellowlight purple
purpleSpikelet: angle between lemma andpalea (for CMS and EMS lines only)small
mediumlarge
Spikelet: color of anthers (for CMS and
EMS lines at flowering)white
light yellow
yellow

1
3
5
7

1
3
5
7

1
3
5
7
9
1
2
3
4
5

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 12 -

EAPV
P No.
31.

UPO
V
No.
25.

(+)
QN
32. (*)

26.

27.

28.

QN

35.

70

QL

absent1

present

9

Stem: intensity of anthocyanin
coloration of nodes
weak

3

medium5strong7

Stem: anthocyanin coloration ofinternodes
absent1

present

9Time of flowering (50% of plants withopened flower)（same as Char No.23）
early
mediumlate
Panicle: seed setting (seek clarificationfrom China)
sterilelowmediumhighvery high
Panicle: length of main axis
shortmedium
long

1
2
3

70

70

65

30.

3
5
7

VS

37.

38. (*)
(+)
QN

Not
e

70

VS

36.

Stem: thickness
thin
mediumthick

Example Varieties

1
3
5
7
9

VS

29.

Characteristics

Non-prostrate varieties only: stem length(excluding panicle)
very short
short
mediumlongvery long
Stem: anthocyanin coloration of nodes

VS

QL

34.

70
VS

QN

33. (*)

Stage

72-90
MS

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 13 -

EAPV
P No.
39.
QN

UPO
V
No.
31.

40..
QL

32.

41.

33.

PQ

34.

43.
QN

35.

44. (*)
QN

36.

45.

37.

Example Varieties
Characteristics

70
MS

60
VS
60
VS

42. (*)
PQ

(+)
PQ

Stage

70-80
VS

70-80
VS

60-80
VS

80-90
VS

Panicle: number per plantfew
mediummany
Panicle: awns
absentpresent
Panicle: color of awns (earlyobservation)light gold
gold
brown
reddish brownlight red
redlight purple
purpleblack
Panicle: distribution of awns
tip only
upper quarter only
upper half only
upper three quarter only
whole length
Panicle: length of longest awns
very short
short
mediumlongvery long
Spikelet: pubescence of lemmaabsent or very weak
weakmediumstrongvery strong
Spikelet: color of apiculus or tip of
lemma
white
yellowish
brown
red
purple
black

Not
e

1
3
5
1
9

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
1
3
5
7
9
1
3
5
7
9

1
2
3
4
5
6

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 14 -

EAPV
P No.
46.
PQ

UPO
V
No.
38.

47. (*)
(+)
PQ

39..

48..

40.

(+)
QL
49.
(+)
PQ

Stage

Characteristics

90
VS

Panicle: color of awns (late observation)light gold
gold
brown
reddish brownlight red
redlight purple
purpleblack
Panicle: attitude in relation to stem
upright
semi-uprightslightly drooping
strongly drooping
Panicle: presence of secondarybranchingabsentpresent
Panicle: type of secondary branching
Type 1
Type 2Type 3
Panicle: Attitude of branches
erectsemi-erect
spreading
Panicle: exsertion
enclosed
partly exserted
just exserted
moderately-well exserted
well exserted
Time of maturity
very early
earlyintermediatelatevery late
Leaf: time of senescence
earlyintermediate
late

90
VG

90
VS

41.

50. (*)
(+)
QN

42.

51.
(+)
QN

43.

52.
QN

44.

53.
(+)
QN

45.

90
VS

90
VS

90
VG

90
VG

92
VG

Example Varieties

Not
e

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4

1
9
1
2
3
1
3
5
1
3
5
7
9
1
3
5
7
9
3
5
7

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 15 -

EAPV
P No.
54.
PQ

UPO
V
No.
46.

55.
PQ

47.

56.

48.

(+)
QN

57.

49.

92
VS

Lemma: color
light gold
gold
brown
reddish to light purple
purpleblack
Lemma: ornamentation
absentgold furrows
brown furrows
purple spots
purple furrows
Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of keel(late observation)
absent or very weak
weakmediumstrongLemma: anthocyanin coloration of area
below apex (late observation)
absent or very weak
weakmediumstrongvery strong
Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of apex
(late observation)
absent or very weak
weakmediumstrongvery strong
Glume: length
shortmediumlong
Glume: color
straw
gold
red
purpleGrain: weight of 1000 (fully developed
grains)low
medium
high

92
VS

92

92
VS

50.

(+)
QN

92
VS

59.
(+)
QN

51.

60.
(+)
PQ

52.

61.

53.

(+)
QN

Characteristics

VS

(+)
QN

58..

Stage

92
MS

92
MS

92
MS

Example Varieties

Not
e

1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5

1
3
5
7

1
3
5
7
9

1
3
5
7
9
3
5
7
1
2
3
4

3
5
7

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 16 -

EAPV
P No.
62.
QN

63.
QN

UPO
V
No.
54.

55.

64
QN

65..
(+)
QL
66.
(+)
QN
67. (*)

Stage

92
MS

92
MS

92
MS

56.

57.

58.

92
VG
92
VG

92
MS

QN
68.
QN

59.

69. (*)

60.

(+)
PQ

70. (*)
PQ

92
MS

92
VS

61.

92
VS

Characteristics

Grain: length
shortmediumlong
Grain: width
narrow
mediumbroad
Grain: length width ratiolowmediumhighLemma: phenol reaction
absentpresent
Lemma: intensity of phenol reaction
lightmediumdark
Decorticated grain: length
shortmediumlong
Decorticated grain: width
narrow
mediumbroad
Decorticated grain: shape (in lateral
view)
round
semi-roundhalf spindle-shaped
spindle-shaped
long spindle-shaped
Decorticated grain: color
white
light brownvariegated browndark brownlight red
redvariegated purple
purpledark purple/black

Example Varieties

Not
e

3
5
7
3
5
7
3
5
7
1
9
3
5
7
3
5
7
3
5
7

1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 17 -

EAPV
P No.
71.
(+)
PQ

UPO
V
No.
62.

Stage

Characteristics

92
VS

Endosperm: typeglutinous
intermediate
non-glutinous
72.
63.
92
Endosperm: content of amylose(+)
MG State 1
PQ
State 2
State 3
State 4
State 5
State 6
State 773.
64.
92
Alkali digestion（Deleted“Endosperm”）(+)
MG not digested
QN
low digested
Intermediate
completely digested
74. (*)
65.
92
Decorticated grain: aroma(+)
MG absent or very weakQN
weakstrongNote: Blue font color – recommended for adoption

ExampleVarieties

Not
e

1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

1
3
5
7
1
2
3

Explanations on the Table of Characteristics
Explanations covering several characteristics
Characteristics containing the following key in the second column of the Table of Characteristics
should be examined as indicated below:
Unless otherwise indicated, all observation on the leaf should be made on the penultimate leaf.
Explanations for individual characteristics
Ad.1: Coleoptile: anthocyanin coloration
Non-dormant grains are placed on moistened filter paper and covered with a Petri-dish lid during
germination. After the coleoptiles have reached a length of about 5 mm in darkness they areplaced in artificial light (daylight equivalent) at 750-1250 lux continuously for 3 to 4 days, at atemperature of 25 to 30 degrees Centigrade. The color of the coleoptiles is observed when they
are fully developed at stage 09-11 (about 6 to 7 days)

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 18 -

Ad.14: Leaf: shape of ligule1
truncate

2
acute

3
cleft

Ad/ 15 and 16: Flag leaf: attitude of blade (early and late observation)

1
erect

3
semi- erect5
horizontal

7
recurved

1
erect

3
semi- erect5
open

Ad.(17): Culm: habit

9
prostrate
7
spreadingTG/Rice
2013-07-03- 19 -

Ad. 18: Prostrate varieties only: Culm: kneeing ability

Kneeing ability is one of the most important characteristics of deep water/floating types of rice.
After falling flat due to receding water flow, the stems of varieties with kneeing ability start togrow upright with 3 to 4 nodes and bear panicles.
Ad. 20: Male sterility
absentpartially male sterile
male sterile

less than 25% sterile pollen
25 to 95% sterile pollen
more than 95% sterile pollen

12
3

Ads.21, 22, 23 and 48, 49, 50: Lemma: anthocyanin coloration (early and late observation);
Ad. 37: Spikelet: color of tip; Ads 51 and 52: Glume: length (51) and color (52)

Ad. 25: Stem thickness
At the lowest internode

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 20 -

Ads. 30 and 39: panicle: length of main axis (30) and attitude in relation to stem (39)Ad. 40: Panicle: presence of secondary branchingTG/Rice
2013-07-03- 21 -

Ad. 41: Panicle: type of secondary branching

1
Type 12Type23Type 3

Ad. 42: Panicle: attitude of branches: to be observed on a flat, horizontal surface

1
erect

5
spreading3semi-erect

Ad. 43: Panicle: exsertion

3
partly exserted

5
Just exserted

9Well exserted

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 22 -

Ad. 45. Leaf: time of senescence
The leaves below the flag leaf are observed at the time of harvest for their retention ofgreenness. State (3), leaves are dead when the grains have become fully ripened; state (5),intermediate (there must be 1 leaf which retains its color); state (7) , 2 or more leaves retain
their color at maturity.
Ad. 51: Glume: length
The measurement is made on each of the two glumes.
Ad. 53: Grain: weight of 1000 (fully developed grains)
To be calculated at 14% moisture.
Ads. 56 and 57: Lemma: phenol reaction (56) and intensity of phenol reaction (57)
Method of Testing: lace hulls from 10 grains into Petri dish of 5 cm diameter, and add
5ml of 1.5% phenol solution; cover the Petri dish, and keep at room temperature (not verycold) for one day.
Ad. 60: Decorticated grain: shape (in lateral view)
length/widthround
semi-roundhalf spindle-shaped
spindle-shaped
long spindle-shaped

1
2
3
4
5

< 1.501.50-1.99
2.00-2.49
2.50-2.99>3.00

Ad. 62: Endosperm: type(to align words with UPOV test guideline）
The three states of expression can be simply defined by reaction to KI-I solution; glutinous
type endosperm is stained to reddish purple, non-glutinous type to dark blue purple, andintermediate type to reddish blue purple.
One can observe that glutinous rice has waxy grains, and non-glutinous rice has non-waxy totransparent grains, with various grades according to the amylose content of the endosperm.
When it is necessary to differentiate glutinous rice and rice with very low amylose content,chemical analysis is needed.
Note: In general, the amylose content of pure line varieties of glutinous rice is 0%. However,many commercial varieties, especially local and traditional varieties may contain between 1%
and 4% of amylose. This is because the waxy gene is recessive, and when outcrossed by nonglutinous rice, the endosperm becomes non-glutinous. Also, some methods of testing may
result in a low % of amylose. Research on chemical structure of waxy rice is still in progressin Japan. Recently, various genes (named “dull” genes) for producing semi-waxy rice have

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 23 -

been identified. At present, amylose content of those semi-waxy rice varieties is not less than
5%, though it is not sure if further lower amylose lines will be bred in the future.
Intermediate rice is non-glutinous but with very low amylose.
KI-I solution is prepared by mixing 0.1 % I2 solution and 0.2 % KI solution.
Ad. 63: Endosperm: content of amylose
Method ISO 6647 should be used.
Modified from IRRI system by rounding due to variability of data especially in cool climates,
and adding a rank of very high amylose content considering rice in some area of southern India.
State 1
State 2
State 3
State 4
State 5
State 6
State 7

<5%
5-10%
11-15%
16-20%
21-25%
26-30%>30%

Ad. 64: Alkali digestion
Put 10 milled complete (unbroken) rice grains in a Petri dish with 1.5% solution of
KOH, and keep still under room temperature of around 25oC for about 24 hours.
Note 1 (not digested):
Note 3 (low digested):
Note 5 (intermediate):
Note 7 (completely
digested):

Rice grains not digested
Only the margin of the grains are dissolved
Shape of grains become unclear, but incompletely
dissolved
No margin is identified between the core part and theouter skirt

Ad. 65: Decorticated grain: aroma
The main component of the aroma in rice is the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (AcPy). To vaporize thischemical, 10 ml. of a 1.7% solution of KOH should be added to 2 gram of decorticated grains.
The aroma, which is similar to that in pop-corn, is released within ten minutes. The level ofexpression is determined by reference to the example varieties.

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 24 -

Decimal Code for the Growth Stages of Cereals*
2-digit
Code

General Description

Feekes’Scale

Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley,
Rye, Oats and Rice

Germination
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09

Dry seed
Start of imbibition
Imbibition complete
Radicle emerged fromcaryopsis
Coleoptile emerged fromcaryopsis
Leaf just at coleoptile tip
Seedling growth

10First leaf through coleoptile

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

First leaf unfolded (1)2 leaves unfolded
3 leaves unfolded
4 leaves unfolded
5 leaves unfolded
6 leaves unfolded
7 leaves unfolded
8 leaves unfolded
9 or more leaves unfolded





1

Second leaf visible (less than 1 cm)









50% of laminae unfolded

Germination
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

*

Main shoot only
Main shoot and 1 tiller
Main shoot and 2 tillers
Main shoot and 3 tillers
Main shoot and 4 tillers
Main shoot and 5 tillers
Main shoot and 6 tillers
Main shoot and 7 tillers
Main shoot and 8 tillers
Main shoot and 9 or moretillers

2









3











This section to be used to supplement
records from other sections of the table:“concurrent codes”

Reproduced from EUCARPIA Bulletin No. 7, 1974, pages 49 - 52, with the kind permission of the authors.
For further information, see J.C. Zadoks, T.T. Chang and C.F. Konzak, EUCARPIA Bulletin No 7, 1974,
pages 42 - 52.

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 25 -

2-digit
Code

General Description

Feekes’Scale

Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley,
Rye, Oats and Rice

Stem elongation30
31

Pseudo stem erection (2)
1st node detectable32

2nd node detectable

33
34
35
36
37
38
39

3rd node detectable
4th node detectable
5th node detectable
6th node detectable
Flag leaf just visible
Flag leaf ligule/collar justvisible4-5
67

In rice: vegetative lag phase











Jointing stage

Above crown nodes

89Pre-boot stage
In rice: opposite auricle stage

Booting
40

-

41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49

Flag leaf sheath extending
Boots just visibly swollen
Boots swollen
Flag leaf sheath opening
First awns visible
Inflorescence emergence

50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59





First spikelet of
inflorescence justvisible¼ of inflorescence emerged

½ of inflorescence emerged

¾ of inflorescence emergedEmergence of inflorescencecompleted

Little enlargement of the inflorescence,
early-boot stageMid-boot stage
10
Late-boot stage



10.1



 N


 S




N





N








10.2
S

10.3
S
N
10.4
S
N
10.5
S

In awned forms only

N = non-synchronous crops
S = synchronous crops

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 26 -

2-digit
Code

General Description

Feekes’Scale

Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley,
Rye, Oats and Rice

Anthesis
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69





Beginning of anthesis

 N
10.51

 S

Not easily detectable in barley.
In rice: Usually immediately
following headingAnthesis half-way

 N
10.52

 S





Anthesis complete

 N
10.53

 S

Milk development
70
71
72
73
74
75

Caryopsis watery ripe
Early milk
Medium milk

76
77
78
79

Late milk
-

10.54







11.1





Increase in solids of liquid endosperm
notable when crushing the caryopsis
between fingers

Dough development
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88

Early doughSoft doughHard dough
-

89

-







Fingernail impression not held.
11.2

Fingernail impression held, inflorescencelosing chlorophyll

Ripening
90
91
92

93
94

Caryopsis hard (difficult todivide by thumbnail) (3)Caryopsis hard (can nolonger be dented bythumbnail)(4)
Caryopsis loosening in
daytimeOver-ripe, straw dead and11.3

In rice: Terminal spikelets ripened.
In rice: 50% of spikelets ripened

11.4

In rice: Over 90% of spikelets ripened (5)Risk of grain loss by sheddingTG/Rice
2013-07-03- 27 -

2-digit
Code

General Description

Feekes’Scale

Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley,
Rye, Oats and Ricecollapsing

Ripening (continued)
95
96
97
98
99

Seed dormant
Viable seed giving 50%
germination
Seed not dormant
Secondary dormancy induced
Secondary dormancy lost
Transplanting and recovery(rice only)

T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
T8
T9

Uprooting of seedlings
Rooting
Recovery of shoots
Resumption of vegetative
growthNotes on the Table(1)

Stage of seedling inoculation with rust in the greenhouse.

(2)

Only applicable to cereals with a prostrate or semi-prostrate early growth habit.

(3)

Ripeness for binder (ca. 16% water content). Chlorophyll of inflorescence largely lost.

(4)

Ripeness for combine harvester ( 16% water content).

(5)

Optimum harvest time.

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 28 -

9.

Literature

T. Matsuo (edit.), 1993-97: Science of the Rice Plant (volume 1-3), Nosan Gyoson Bunka
Kyokai (Nobunkyo), Tokyo, JP
Vol. 1 Morphology (1993)
Vol. 2 Physiology (1995)
Vol. 3 Genetics(1997)
Indices(1997)

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 29 -

10.

Technical Questionnaire

Application date:_____________________________(not to be filled in by the applicant)
TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
To be completed in connection with an application for plant breeders’ rights

1. Subject of the Technical Questionnaire
Latin Name
Common Name

2. Applicant
Name
Address

Telephone No.
Fax No.
E-mail address
Breeder (if different from applicant)4. Information on the breeding scheme and propagation of the variety

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 30 -

4.1 Breeding Scheme
4.2 Method of Propagating the Variety
4.2.1 Type of material(a) Line
Male fertile line[]

Male sterile line[](b) Hybrid(c) other (specify)

In the case of hybrid varieties, the production scheme for the hybrid and for eachcomponent, the information according to the following Chapters 5 to 7 should be
provided on a separate sheet.

Single Hybrid (SH)(……female parent……) x (….male parent…..)
N.B. In case of use of male sterility system, please indicate the name of themaintainer line of the parental line.

4.3 other information

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 31 -

4. Characteristics of the variety to be indicated (the number in brackets refers to thecorresponding characteristics in Test Guidelines; please mark the note which best
corresponding).
Characteristics
5.1 Basal leaf: sheath color
(2)
green

Example Varieties

Note

1

light purple

2

purple lines

3

purple4

5.2 Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of auricles(10)absentpresent

1
9

5.3 Time of healing (50% of plants with heads)
very early

1

early

3

medium5

late

7

Very late9

5.4 Stem: length (excluding panicle; excluding(29) floating rice)
very short

1

short

3

medium5

long

7very long

9

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 32 -

Characteristics
5.5 Decorticated grain:(56)
Very short

Example Varieties

Note

1

Short

3

Medium5

Long

7

Very long9

5.6 Decorticated grain: color
(59)
White

1

Light brown

2

Variegated brown

3

Dark brown

4

Light red

5

Red

6

Variegated purple

7

Purple8

Dark purple

9

5. Similar varieties and difference from these varieties
Denominations(s) ofvariety(ies) similar
to your candidate
variety(Example)

Characteristic(s) inwhich yourcandidate variety
differs from thesimilar variety(ies)
Plant: Height

Describe theexpression of thecharacteristics(s) for
the similarvariety(ies)e.g. note 3
e.g. shorte.g. 90 cm

Describe theexpression of thecharacteristics(s) for
your candidate
varietynote 7Tall
130 cm7. Additional information which may help in the examination of the variety

TG/Rice
2013-07-03- 33 -

7.1 In addition to the information provided in section 5 and 6, are there any additional
characteristics, which may help to distinguish the variety?
7.1.1 Resistance to pest and diseases
Yes

[ ]

No

[ ]

No

[

(if yes, please provide details)
7.1.2 Other
Yes

[ ]

]

(if yes, please provide details)
7.2 Special conditions for the examination of the variety
7.1.3 Are there any special conditions for growing the variety or conducting theexamination?
Yes

[ ]

No [

]

7.1.4 If yes, please give details:

7.3 Other information
8. Authorization(a) Does the variety require prior authorization for please under legislation concerning
the protection of the environmental, human and animal health?
Yes

[

]

No [

]

No [

]

(b) Has such authorization been obtained?
Yes

[

]

If the answer to (b) is yes, please attach a copy of the authorization.
(end document)