Development of Criteria forClassification of Disaster Waste in
Asia and the PacificTomonori ISHIGAKI(National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan)
Shinya SUZUKI, Shungo SOEDA,
Satoshi HIGASHINAKAGAWA,(Members of WG1)

Why Do We Need Classification of Disaster Waste?
Background---Waste classification will contribute to fastertreatment followed by quick recovery fromdisaster“Disaster waste management guideline for Asiaand the Pacific” was published, which includes
the description of waste category (See Table)
Waste category will be reviewed and updated in
the process of the update process of theguideline

Objectives-To clarify the category for each waste type withconsideration of storage, treatment anddisposal procedure- To prioritize the categorized waste

Category of waste generated bydisasters in the GuidelinePossible Indicators for Classification of Disaster Waste
HazardEmergency

Feasibility of separation

Removing hazards relating to
toxicity, explosibility, andinfectivity is essential to avoid
secondary damage ofdisasters. It must be
considered at any phase of
DW management, such asremoval, transportation,storage, treatment, disposal.

Waste that prevents quick
recovery from disaster shouldbe treated with high priority.
Stage of recovery is stronglyrelated; Waste preventing thelife saving activity at initial
phase, and waste preventing
the recovery of infrastructure
at early-recovery phase.

Classification of waste is notalways reasonable. Separation
activity requires appropriate
clue or perspective topromote the treatment or
recycling of DW thoughsometimes it is decided byseparability or existingtreatment system.

High-hazard waste is definitely dealt
with high emergency.

Reasonable Classification for Situation of Country/Region
SWM system in normal situation is limiting factor for handling of DW-Capacity of waste management
Possibility of source separation
Feasibility of treatment technology

Indicator

Category A

Collection rate of municipal solid waste
Source separation in normal situation
Incineration, Sanitary landfill rate
Category B

Category C

Collection rate ofMSW

More than 70%

More than 70%

Less than 70%

Source separationin normal situation

Existence ofSource separation

Existence of Source
separation

No Source separation

Rate ofincineration andsanitary landfill

More than 20% ofincineration

Less than 20% ofLess than 50% ofincineration, and more than sanitary landfill (more50% of sanitary landfill
than 50% of dumping)Example of Classification of Each Country or Region
Country – City Name

Indonesia-Jakarta

Collectio Sourcen rate of separation
MSW
80％
Yes

Incineration/sanitarylandfill-/-Category Ref: GDP percapita(USD/y/cap)
B※
3,975

India-Delhi

76％

Yes

32％/0％

A

2,302

Thailand-Bangkok

100％

Yes-/-

B※

5,928

Malaysia-Kuala Lumpur

80％

Yes-/-

B※

11,382

Vietnam-Hanoi

92％No5％/-

C※

1,888

Vietnam-Ho Chi Minh City97%No-/-C※

1,888

Philippines-Cebu

100％

Yes-/-

B※

2,752

Philippines-Quezon City

100％

Yes-/100％

B

2,752

Note : ※ In case of no existence of data, it was evaluated based on only existing data.
Data source are data base of world bank, JICA report, Ministry of Environmental in Japan, etc.

Draft Technical Information for Classified Disaster Waste(1) Concrete and Asphalt Waste -1(1) General description
Concrete or asphalt waste is generated in the process of construction ordemolition as well as disaster. These can be recycled easily and generally
considered to be non hazardous and stable. On the other hand, it is necessary
to take care of excess loading for the transportation due to high density.

(2) Generation possibility of each waste for each disaster typeType of disaster

Earthquake

TsunamiFloodConcrete waste
Asphalt waste

HighHigh

MiddleMiddleMiddleMiddleTyphon/CycloneMiddleMiddleVolcanoLow
Low

Draft Technical Information for Classified Disaster Waste(1) Concrete and Asphalt Waste -2(3) Hazard
Since it is generated bydestruction/ demolition ofbuildings or structures, safety
separation from mixed C&D waste
is necessary. Following hazardous
substances are paid attention.
- Materials containing Asbestos- CCA treated wood (Cr, Cu, As)- As/Cr containing gypsum board(4) Emergency
Recoveryphase
Place forlifesaving, rescue
infrastructure
recovery,urban restoration
source of drinking
water, residentialarea, shelter etc

Initial
Phase

Emergency Recovery
phase
phaseHighMiddle－HighHigh

High

Low

Low

Low

Draft Technical Information for Classified Disaster Waste(1) Concrete and Asphalt Waste -3(5) Treatment flow
Including hazardous waste or notYes

Technical sheet ofhazardous wasteNo

Removing and storingat existing location

No

Using for reclamation
as it isNo

Being barrier for disaster recovery
Yes

Transferring to temporary storage
Existence of equipment for recycling
Yes

Consideration of Recycling

Availability

Arrangement of portablecrusher, siever, etc

Working Schedule
Oct. 2018- Mar. 2019
Criteria for Hazard
Criteria for Emergency
Criteria for feasibility ofseparation
Country classification
Technical information for
specific waste (phase I)
Technical information for
specific waste (phase II)

Apr. 2019
Oct. 2019 Apr. 2020
- Sep. 2019 - Mar. 2020 -Sep. 2020