Belle II physics, schedule andconstruction status

ARC 2014.03.03
S.Tanaka

2014/3/3

Slides based on 8th Belle PAC: Feb. 9-11 and 17th B2GM:Feb. 4-81

Physics motivation• The Flavour Sector of the Standard Model is remarkably
successful.
• Requires the knowledge of masses and of strength and type ofthe charged-current interactions.
• Most SM extensions contain new CP-violating phases and newquark-flavour changing interactions(but no evidence from B-factories & hadron machines!)

2014/3/3

2

Searches for New Phenomena by flavor frontier• Consistency between ATLAS/CMS andBelle II
New Phenomena reachin terms of mass

Energy Frontier: Production of newparticles from collisions at highEnergy (LHC) Limited by Beam Energy
Flavor Frontier: virtual production ofnew particles to probe energies
beyond the energy frontier.
 Often first clues about new
phenomena, e.g. weak force,c, b, t quarks, Higgs boson.
 High precision required: very tiny
effects

FF necessary to understand the NP
flavour puzzles

Highly virtual, thus
probabilities small

BelleEnergy FrontierStrength of coupling toNew Phenomena3Phase 1 Physics Program•First physics schedule (Partial TOP / 200-300 fb ):-1•Commissioning @ Y(4S) of course• But physics is stat. limited (compared to Belle), high systematics on partialdetector.

•Alternative: Large Unique e e data set studies @ Y(2, 3, or 5S)+ -• K/π separation not as crucial in bottomonium studies (Υ(2S), Υ(3S), Υ(5S))• Neither is vertexing
Y(nS) Yield•Energy range for Super-KEKB: from Y(1S) to Y(6S)
BelleBabarCLEO×σ4

Belle II Detector
KL and muon detector:
Resistive Plate Counter (barrel outer layers)
Scintillator + WLSF + MPPC (end-caps, inner 2 barrel layers)

EM Calorimeter:CsI(Tl), waveform sampling (barrel)
Pure CsI + waveform sampling (end-caps)

Particle Identificationelectron (7GeV)Time-of-Propagation counter (barrel)
Prox. focusing Aerogel RICH (fwd)

Beryllium beam pipe
2cm diameter

Vertex Detector
2 layers DEPFET + 4 layers DSSD

positron (4GeV)
Central Drift ChamberHe(50%):C2H6(50%), Small cells, longlever arm, fast electronics
2014/3/35Belle II Schedule

First new sub-detector installed (B-KLM)
Start “physics run” from Oct. 2016 even with partial TOP
6Slowly shifting from construction phase to integration phase

Challenges on Belle II UpgradeHigh Background (×10-20)
Radiation Hardness

Occupancy

High Speed Readout
ECL SVD CDC

Pile-up NoiseHigh Event Rates
Improved Performance
Vertex Reconstruction

PID, Neutral particles

KLM endcap/barrel

DAQ

New Technology
PXD
PID

Hermeticity

Smaller Lorenz boost factor
is requiring finer vertex resolution
2014/3/3

7

VXD assembly steps

VXD design and assembly procedure (incl. BP) have agreed
1st set of mechanics parts will be delivered in March.
(There are two options of installation method)
BP+PXD

HM+SVD

HM+BP

HM:Heavy Metal shields
HM+PXD service structure

PXD PP support structure

PXD ladder
Switcher
DEPFET sensor

Control of gate and clear
32 x 2 channels
Switches up to 30V
AMS 0.35 µm HV technology

250 x 768 pixel
50µm x 55µm (min)50µm x 80µm (max)
75µm thick

DCDB
Amplification and digitization ofDEPFET signals
256 input channels
8-bit ADC per channel
92 ns sampling time
UMC 180 nm

90.21% X0DHPSignal processor
Common mode correction
Pedestal subtraction
0-supression
Timing and trigger control
TSMC 65nm (first version IBM 90nm)

EMCM: Electrical Dummy to be equippedwith ASICs and tested like a real module

PXD ladderSwitcher

DEPFET sensor
First sensors will beavailable in October 2014
Production finished inJune 2015

DCDB
Noise at 320MHz higher
than at 100MHz
Two types of chip havesubmitted

Only minor modifications needed(E.g. resize of the output driverfor faster clear signal)

DHPConversion from IBM 90nm toTSMC 65nm completed
increased buffer size for higherrates

DCDBv4
DCDBPipeline

Serializer works, but Vcc has to beadjusted to get full speed

10

1.4 V (nominal) => 60 MHz
1.6 V=> 80 MHz(will be fixed by next submission)

Silicon Vertex DetectorLadders
Latest version: Rev. 1.0
Ribs produced
BWD end mounts & L3 bridges
in production
FWD sliding mech. under test
End rings
Actual design to be used forthermal mockup
Some fine tuning required
CF cones, end flanges, shell
First design exists
Production ongoing
2014/3/3

Design will be finished in March.

11SVD ladder• Longest ladder type (L6) shown here
Origami flexes

APV25 chips

PCB Hybrid

Airex spacer

FWD End Mount
Silicon SensorsRibs

2014/3/3

Pitch adapters

PCB Hybrid
BWD End Mount

Ladder mass production is scheduled from July
Parts and jigs preparation is ongoing

12

SVD ladder production

Gluing and wire bonding

Alignment

Origami assembly

Final assembly

2014/3/3

13

VXD beam test (PXD,SVD,DAQ)
VXD common test beam in January 2014 (4 weeks)• Small sector of the close to final prototype detectors and ASICs
2 PXD half ladders + 4 SVD single module layers• Complete VXD readout chain: HLT, monitoring, event building,
PocketDAQ (Belle II DAQ downsized system)• CO2cooling, slow control, environmental sensors• Illumination with (up to) 6 GeV e under solenoid magnetic field• Alignment, tracking algorithms, ROI for PXD readout

2014/3/3

14

Belle II DAQ
Integration test by Beam test
RoI

2014/3/3

15

2014/3/3

16

2014/3/3

17

Central Drift Chamber
Belle

Belle II

radius of inner most sense
wire

88

168

radius of outer most sense
wire

863

1111.4

Number of layers

5056Number of total sense wire

8400

14336

Gas

He:C2H6

He:C2H6

sense/field wireW(Φ30μm)/Al(Φ120μm)

W(Φ30μm)/Al(Φ120μm)

Small cell chamber(short drift length forhigh rate operation)

CDC Wire stringing

Main chamber

2014/3/3

Finishedin Jan. of 2014,as scheduled(starting gas seal and cabling )18

Wire Hits

Cosmic ray test•

On the 1st of July, 2013,–––

He/C2H6 (50/50)
flow rate 40 cc/min
apply HV of 2.0kV

we got the first signal!!

Small cell chamber

Completed in June, 20132014/3/3

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Particle ID

Endcap PID:
Aerogel RICH(ARICH)
200mm

Barrel PID:
Time of Propagation Counter (TOP)Aerogel radiator

Quartz radiatorn~1.05TOP

MCP-PMT2014/3/3
Nagoya,KEK, Ljubljana, Hawaii, Cincinnati

Aerogel radiator

Hamamatsu HAPD + readout

20020

Major Issues for the TOP System and milestones•••••

Quartz Optics – production rate, quality
MCPPMTs – production, lifetime
GHz waveform digitizers (IRS ASIC) – timing, stability
Mechanics – pristine environment for quartz, rigidity
System performance – beam test results, physics performance

MCPPMT

DOE CD-2/3 review in March – final project review for production
Milestones
ITT Mirror

2014/3/3Quartz

Validation of quartz specifications – February BPAC
Validation of final board stack – End February 2014
CD-2/3 – IPR March 19/20; ESAAB in April
Module 1 assembly – April 2014
Production orders of quartz – April 2014
IRSX validated – May 2014
Beam test of Module 1 – July 2014
¼of modules completed – October 2014½(+) of modules completed – March 201521All modules completed – September 2015

TOP activities~60 ps(laser test)
35 ps (target)
Beam test analysis(consistent with simulation)

IRS Readout –Keep activity of further improvement

Cosmic ray test

TOP mechanics for assembly

Gluing test
2014/3/3

Installation test

22

2014
2015

TOP installation isscheduled inFeb-Mar. 20152014/3/323

ARICH beam test @DESY

Also irradiated samples have tested
2014/3/3

24

Mass production2013 Sep-2014 Sep.

Front-end board
2014/3/3

25

ARICH assembly and installation

2014/3/326

ECL

PureCsI

CsI(Tl)Density(g/cm3)

4.53

4.53

Radiation length(cm)

1.86

1.86

Wave length(nm)300560# ofphotons(NaI(Tl)=100)

3.7

165

Attenuation time(ns)～101300

2014/3/327

Belle II ECL electronics

2014/3/328

EKLM module assembly@ KEK

2014/3/329

EKLM sensor replacement

2014/3/3

Preamplifiers and carrier boards preparation
are remaining issues
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BKLM
1 dead channel found by test
after installation (3000 channels)
Integration test +Cosmic ray test is ongoing

2014/3/331

BEASTII

BEAST phase 1 ~2015 Jan.

BG monitoring on vacuum scrubbing
Belle is not installed

BEAST phase II ~2016 Feb.

No VXD detector
BelleII DAQ test start without VXD
Beam abort setting optimization
BG study by BEAST sensors

PIN diodes / loss monitors:
BEAST systems: 8 BGO
TPCs: fast neutrons
crystals, 2 TPCs, 1-2 He-3
He-3 tubes: thermal neutrons
tubes, BEAST DAQ, PIN diode VXD test sensors
BGO for luminosity measurement
Diamond sensor for VXD abort settings
2014/3/3
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New activity

Data flow diagram(monitor)
H.Nakayama

KLM

Via Input Output Controller(IOC) on B3 control roomat ~1HzECL

NSM

KEKB
EPICS

Softwareabort

Not ready to present
the global picture

Belle2PIDCDCVXD(EPICS)“interlockbox”

BP-BGmonhardware logic
insideHard-wired
abort cableLonger cableto tunnel
DCCT

Abortloggers
Record info. just before
abort (for 100ms) with
0.2/1Mz

Abortkicker

Collimator
control

KEKB control roommonitors for BCG

Conceptual discussion is started

Summary• Installation of sub-detectors started (KLM)• Sub-detectors will be installed by June 2015;roll-in in July 2015
– (other than VXD system, part of TOP)• Schedule is tight for VXD (SVD ladder, PXDsensor) and TOP (quartz production)

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Belle II Collaboration
23 countries, 95 institutes, 599 collaborators(as of 2014.01.24)
20 countries, 70 institutes, ~450 collaborators in 201335

End-Cap KLM

2014/3/336

Highlights since last review•••••

Belle Rotation (Mar.)
Belle roll-out (May)B-KLM module installation successfully completed (Nov.)
CDC wire stringing completed (Jan.)VXD beam test at DESY (Jan.)

37

Belle II detector (inside of KLM)

2014/3/338

244013/11/13

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Construction Schedule[2013]• KLM installation: ~Jun. 2014[2014]• ECL barrel electronics installation: Apr.– Aug. 2014
• ECL endcap electronics installation: Dec. 2014– Mar. 2015
[2015]• ARICH installation: Feb.–May 2015
• Endcap ready for installation: summer 2015
• TOP installation: Feb–Mar. 2015
• CDC installation: Apr–May. 2015
• SVD/PXD ready at KEK: Aug. 2015
• VXD integration, ready for installation: autumn 2015
• Belle II DAQ integration, commissioning, …

2014/3/340

PXD: Production
Started Metal layer test

Poly-silicon layer(69％)>1 month earlier

Electric test module

2 years of production
2014/3/341

SVDPXD

2014/3/342

PXD sensor Production
Production phasesphase 1-implantations- oxide/nitride depositions- polysilicon deposition

phase 2

metal_2- metal 1 (alu)- insulation oxide/contacts- metal 2 (alu)phase 3 (outside main cleanroom)- thinning- BCB insulation- copper- BCB passivation

p1 is the most time consuming ~250 days
p2 is the most critical in terms of yield

2

oxide
polySi_2p+

polySi_1

deep n1

metal_1n+deep pn bulk

2
31

31 wafers are processed in 3 batches
Minimum yield needed: Inner layer: 26%; Outer layer; 20%

43Test metal system with EMCM
EMCM: Electrical Dummy to be equipped with ASICs and tested like a real
moduleAllows tests of the electrical performance- routing errors (despite automatic checking tools)- cross talk, voltage drops, RC delays

PXD ladder
EMCM

Test network before ASIC bonding:
4055 pads to test, 2149 independent electrical nets
>100 k individual tests to be made!

After EMCM study

First sensors will be available in October 2014
Production finished in June 201544

DAQ & Trigger

Larger data size than LHC !

Belle II Link Test done
CDC

2014/3/3

SVD45

PID: TOP counter• Quartz radiator– 2.6mL x 45cmW x 2cmT
– Excellent surface accuracy• MCP-PMT– Hamamatsu 16ch MCP-PMT• Good TTS (<35ps) & enoughlifetime• Multialkali photo-cathode SBATOP

2014/3/3

TOF～1.2m

MCP-PMT46

E-PID: Aerogel RICH
Position-sensitive photon sensor+ Readout Electronics

Hybrid Avalanche
Photo-Detector(HAPD)• Dveloped with Hamamatsu– 144 channel, 5mm×5mm/pixel
2014/3/3

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Energy Frontier vs Flavor Physics
Direct Production by High Energy Coll.

Virtual Production via Quantum Eff.

~qpp~c~g ~ ~ ~q c n_lq q

Tunnel effect

Energy Frontier
Diagonal terms

m  2q ij

m112 m122
221m222mgLuminosity
Frontierm132

Off-diagonal terms

223

Higher Energy Scale
Can be searched(even if LHC finds
no New Physics)

m2
22
m31
m32
m33
2014/3/3

sb48

New Physics Prospects
Complemantarity
Super B factory
LHCb
K experiments
theory uncertainty
matches the expectedexp. precision
theory uncertainty will
match the expectedexp. precision withexpected progress inLQCD
G. Isidori et al.,Ann.Rev.Nucl.Part.Sci. 60, 355 (2010)2014/3/3

B(B →Xsg)
B(B →Xdg)
S(B →rg)Bt →mg)
B(B+ →Dtn)
B(Bs →gg)
sin2qW @ U(4S)

6%Super-B
20%
Super-B
0.15
Super-B
3 ·10-9 Super-B (90% U.L.)
3%
Super-B
0.25 ·10-6 Super-B (5 ab-1)
3 ·10-4
Super-B

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