Unit 11

Exercise 2
Discuss these topics.
Are you for or against the idea of the EU? Why?
Do you think Europe will become one big country one day or will it be a union ofnations?
Do you think some people may be right when they accuse EU institutions of corruption?
Do you think the EU is efficient?

When we say we are keen on something, we mean we enjoy doing
it very much. e.g. I’m keen on tennis. – I like playing tennis very much.

What do you think the future of the EU will be?

Exercise 3
Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions below.
Politician 1: The economic crisis which started in 2008 was a tough lesson for the EU.
But we also believe that it has proved that the Union and its currency are stable. Most
countries realize now how important cooperation is and know they would have been
unable to make it through the crisis on their own.
Politician 2: However, doubts still remain. Why do prosperous economies such as Ireland
suddenly go pear-shaped? How can one crisis almost wipe out banking systems in several
countries? Aren’t the regulatory bodies watching or controlling these sectors properly?
Why is the EU so ineffective?
P1: Well, it’s not only politicians’ responsibility. We must not forget that economists andbankers are largely responsible as well. We agree, however, that the EU must think of newmeans of control in order to avoid such events in the future.
P2: What exactly do you mean by new means of control? Can’t you see that it’s notlack of control which causes problems but poor laws passed by parliaments? These laws
allow irresponsible activities of large corporations and banks. Why do you demand thattax payers are responsible while at the same time you enable bankers to get away withwasting billions of euros?
P1: You forgot to mention that it’s not only an EU problem. Blame globalization if youwant. I’d rather talk about how to solve the problem instead of pointing out whose fault
it was.
Answer the question:
In what way was the crisis a good lesson
for the EU?
Why is the EU accused of being ineffective?
What are the causes of the crisis according
to the two politicians?

New words / phrases:

currency [ˈkʌrənsi] –corrent
moeda
estable[ˈstgo pea eɪbl] – estável
r-swipe o haped – falharut – elimipass alaw – a nar, apagar
provarget awuma leay witih – evifault [ftarɔ:lt] –culpa

GL20

Direct Language Labkeen [ki:n] cheio de entusiasmo, afim debe fond of [fɒnd] gostar deWhen we say we are keen to do something, we mean we wish to do it as quickly
as possible. For example: Peter’s out of hospital and keen to get back to work. –Peter wants to start working as soon as possible.
What’s the difference between: ‘I’m keen on visiting France’ means that
‘I’m keen on visiting France’ and I’ve been to France more than once and‘I’m keen to visit France’? I like going there. ‘I’m keen to visit France’
means that I’m going to France and I can’t
wait to get there.
What kind of music are you fond of? I’m fond of rock / pop music.
What other things are you fond of? I’m fond of cooking.
Are you keen on current affairs and Yes, I’m keen on current affairs anddocumentaries? documentaries.
Of all the interesting places in the USA Of all the interesting places in the USA,
which would you be keen to visit I’d be keen to visit the Grand Canyon,
the most? the Crazy Horse Memorial and Mount
Rushmore the most.
If you saw someone who needed help, Yes, if I saw someone who needed help,
would you be keen to help? I’d be keen to help.
Are most people keen on being told what No, most people aren’t keen on being toldto do? what to do.
vain [veɪn]in vain [ɪn veɪn]vanity [ˈvænəti]
flatter [ˈflætə]
conduct [kənˈdʌkt]

vaidosoem vão
vaidadelisonjear
conduzir

How can we recognize if someone’s We can recognize if someone’s vain about theirvain about their appearance? appearance by checking how they react to being
flattered.

►►►Book 6 Module 341

Unit 11

Unit 11What kind of behaviour I’d describe taking too much pride in one’s
would you describe as vain? achievements as vain.

Have you ever tried to do something Yes, I’ve tried to do something in vain.
in vain?
What? I attempted to pass my driving test in vain.
What are some of the most common Some of the most common vanities ofvanities of politicians? politicians are taking too much pride in theirappearance / abilities / achievements.
Would you be flattered if I asked you to Yes, I’d be flattered if you asked me toconduct the next lesson? conduct the next lesson.
What would you think? I’d think my English must be extremely good
/ you’re nuts.
cheek [tʃi:k] bochecha
bell [bel] sino, campainha
hollow [ˈhɒləʊ] vazio, oco, côncavo

Is a football solid inside? No, a football isn’t solid inside. It’s hollow.
Where do people usually get slapped People usually get slapped on the face and kissed
and where do they get kissed? on the cheeks.
When you meet your friend, When I meet my friend, I kiss him / her
do you kiss him / her on the cheek on the cheek.
or just shake his / her hand?

Direct Language Lab

Why do people use dogs for hunting? People use dogs for hunting because they havea very good sense of smell and can easily follow
the scent of an animal.
rot [rɒt] apodrecer, estragar
rotten [ˈrɒtn] podre, estragado
decay [diˈkeɪ] 1. estragar-se 2. cáriestink/stank, stunk/stunk [stɪŋk/stæŋk/stʌŋk] feder, ter mau cheiro
stink [stɪŋk] fedor, mau cheiro

Approximately how long will it take It will take a piece of fresh beefa piece of fresh beef to rot if you forget to approximately two days to rot if I forget
put it in the fridge? to put it in the fridge.
Do rotten potatoes smell pleasant? No, rotten potatoes don’t smell pleasant.
They stink.
How long does the stink of rotten eggs The stink of rotten eggs lasts for at least
last? two weeks.

Why do pupils like the sound of Pupils like the sound of a school bell so mucha school bell so much? because it tells them when the break begins.

42

Do people give off a pleasant scent No, people don’t give off a pleasant scent when
when they sweat? they sweat.

There was an unpleasant smell of rotten leaves in the air. The building started todecay years ago. Your teeth will decay if you don’t clean them.

Is the sound of a bell usually Yes, the sound of a bell is usually hollow.
hollow?

Why do teeth decay? Teeth decay if not brushed properly.
Are there any buildings in this town that Yes, there are some buildings in this town
have started to decay? that have started to decay.
Do you think murderers should rot in Yes, I think murderers should rot in prison.
prison?

aroma
tulipamargaridacravo

Do pigs give off a nice scent? No, pigs don’t give off a nice scent.

If you hit something empty, If you hit something empty, it’ll give off a hollow
what sound will it give off? sound.

Examples:What are hollow cheeks a sign of? Hollow cheeks are a sign of hunger.

scent [sent]
tulip [ˈtju:lɪp]
daisy [ˈdeɪzi]
carnation [kɑ:ˈneɪʃn]Give me some examples of flowers. Roses, tulips, daisies, carnations.
Which of them gives off the nicest The tulip gives off the nicest scent.
scent?

Why do some businesses stink? Some businesses stink because the people
who run them are dishonest.
►►►Book 6 Module 3

43Unit 12

Unit 11sample [ˈsɑ:mpl]
syringe [sɪˈrɪndʒ]
carry out [ˈkæri aʊt]
survey [ˈsɜ:veɪ]survey [səˈveɪ]
thoroughly [ˈθʌrəli]

amostra, exemplo
seringa
executarpesquisa, exame, medição
epesquisar, examinarcompletamente

Do they need to take blood samples Yes, they need to take blood samples
in order to test for certain illnesses? in order to test for certain illnesses.
What does a nurse use to take A nurse uses a syringe to take a blood sample.
a blood sample?
Are you afraid of syringes? Yes, I’m afraid of syringes.
What kind of free samples can you You can find free samples of shampoos / creams
find in women’s magazines? in women’s magazines.
If you wanted to have your suit Yes, if I wanted to have my suit sewn by a tailor,sewn by a tailor, should you first I should first have a look at a sample of his work.
have a look at a sample of his work?
How many people do they choose They choose about 1,000 people as a sample
as a sample when they want to carry when they want to carry out a survey before
out a survey before an election? an election.
Are most people keen on being No, most people aren’t keen on being surveyed.
surveyed?
Are the results of a survey carriedout before an election always thesame as the result of the election?
Why not?

No, the results of a survey carried out before
an election aren’t always the same as the resultof the election.
Because people sometimes change their mind.

If you wanted to buy a house, Yes, if I wanted to buy a house, I’d survey itwould you survey it thoroughly? thoroughly.

measure [ˈmeʒə] 1. medida 2. medir, ter certa medida
beyond measure [biˈjɒnd ˈmeʒə] desmedidamente
What does a tailor need to do before A tailor needs to measure your size before
he can start sewing clothes? he can start sewing clothes.
Are exams the best measure of students’ Yes, exams are the best measure of students’abilities? abilities.
How is the speed of a car measured? The speed of a car is measured in kilometres
per hour.
What’s the measure of success in life? Firm family relationships / career /the number of one’s friends is the measureof success in life.
What would you tell a person I’d tell a person to go away / leave me alone
if he annoyed you beyond measure? if he annoyed me beyond measure.

fetch [fetʃ] Ir buscar
What do we tell our dog to do when When we throw a stick, we tell our dog to fetch it.
we throw a stick?
Who used to fetch you from school My father used to fetch me from school when
when you were 8 years old? I was 8 years old.

statue [ˈstætʃu:]liberty [ˈlɪbəti]
civil liberties [ˈsɪvl ˈlɪbətiz]
victory [ˈvɪktəri]

estátualiberdadeliberdades civis
vitória

What does a statue often represent? A statue often represents a person
or an animal.

@Do the exerciseson the Internet platform!

44

Direct Language Lab

What can a statue be a symbol of? A statue can be a symbol of liberty
or victory.
►►►Book 6 Module 345