茨城県自然博物館研究報告

Bull.
Some
IbarakiPlantsNat.
ofMus.,South（Luangwa
17）: 59-65（2014）
National Park, Zambia

59

Some Plants of South Luangwa National Park, Zambia
Kazuo Obata ＊ and Koji Yamazaki ＊（Accepted December 16, 2014）

Abstract
The nature of the African savanna around South Luangwa National Park, Zambia, was partly surveyed inJuly 2013. A purpose of the survey was to introduce the nature of the African savanna in a special exhibition
held at the Ibaraki Nature Museum in 2014. Thirty-six species were identified from 60 herbarium specimensof vascular plants which were collected during the survey.
Key words: savanna, South Luangwa National Park, vascular plant.

Introduction
A special exhibition entitled "Messages from the Savanna- African Wildlife and its Conservation -" was held from8 th March to 15 th June 2014 at the Ibaraki Nature Museum（Ibaraki Nature Museum, 2014）. The main points wereto introduce various wild animals and plants occurring in
the African savanna, and to tell about recent challenges ofwildlife management. In order to collect the materials forthe special exhibition, we visited South Luangwa National
Park and surrounding areas in Eastern Zambia from 16 th
to 22nd July in 2013. Plant specimens were collected in theFig. 1. Study area and routes of investigations.

savanna around South Luangwa National Park. This paper
reports on the plant specimens that were collected.

of the Park is occupied by the Muchinga Hills; however,most of the area is flat. Miombo and Mopane woodlands

Study Area and Method
The study area and the routes of the botanical survey are
shown in Fig. 1.

are dominant, while the area of open grassland is limited.
Visitors come from all over the world to view the richwildlife. Many wildlife-viewing lodges are available, andthis park was the origin of the walking safari tour.

South Luangwa National Park is located in the middle

Permission for conducting the botanical survey in thepart of the Luangwa Valley, and is the second largest park

Luangwa Valley was officially given by the Zambia Wildlife（9,050 km2）in Zambia. The park, which was established

Authority（ZAWA）. Plant collection was permitted inby law in 1972, was formerly used as a game reserve. The

the Game Management Areas where human activities areelevation is between 500 to 1,000 m a. s. l. The west side

allowed, including game hunting. The botanical survey in* Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki 306-0622, Japan.

60

Kazuo Obata and Koji Yamazaki

and around the Park was carried out for four days, from

Results and Discussion

17 th to 20 th July 2013. During our survey, 4WD vehicles
provided by ZAWA were used for collecting the plant

1. Plant specimens collected

specimens at each site. We were accompanied by Mr. Teddy

During the four-day survey, we collected a total of 60

Bwalya（senior officer of ZAWA）for all four days, and byplant specimens, of which 49 were herbarium specimens,

Mr. Ashed Makukula（ex-wildlife scout of ZAWA）fromand eleven were fruit specimens. By careful examination

the 17 th to the 19 th. We were guarded by an armed wildlifeof these specimens, we have identified 36 species whichscout.

belong to 14 families and 30 genera.

On 17 th July, we left the Chinzombo Office of the

The collected specimens list is shown in the Appendix

ZAWA Luangwa Unit, and went to Salt-Pan Springwith growth form, distribution, specimen number, location

along the Luangwa River. On the way, we collected

and date for each species. The growth form and distribution

eight specimens of vascular plants from two sites inare based on Bingham et al.（2014）and Conservatoire etthe Nsefu area near the Kauluzi River, a branch of theJardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève and South African

Luangwa River.

.
National Biodiversity Institute（2014）

On 18 th July, we collected plant specimens around ourThree species are herbaceous: Physostigma mesoponticum

accommodation, ZAWA Guest House, in Chinzombo

Taub.
（Fabaceae）, Pistia stratiotes L.
（Araceae）, Hyparrhenia

in the early morning, and then went to Manchesa Wildsp.（Poaceae）. Along a roadside, we found Physostigma

Life Camp along Nyamluma Road. We obtained a total

mesoponticum which has a similar habitat to Puerariaof 33 specimens from seven sites.

lobata（Willd.）Ohwi in Japan. Pistia stratiotes is known

On 19 th July, we went to Kasweta Wild Life Campas an introduced species in Japan, and is found in riparian

from Chinzombo along Kasweta Road. We could notenvironments. Hyparrhenia sp. is a dominant species in thatcollect any plant specimens there, because collectionarea.

is prohibited inside the national park.

The other 33 species are woody plants. Fabaceae is

On 20 th July, we went to Jumbe from Chinzombo

the most varied, comprising 13 species. Three families,

along Chipata Road, and obtained a total of 19 plant

Capparaceae, Ebenaceae and Bignoniaceae, each comprise

specimens from four sites.

three species. Two other families, Brachystegia（Fabaceae）
and Boscia（Capparaceae）, each comprise two species.

We referred to the literature（Fanshawe, 1984, Moll,
2011, Phiri, 2005, Storrs, 1979, Van Wyk, B. and P. van
Wyk. 1997, Van Wyk, P. 1993）for plant identification.

2. Overview of the vegetation
Miombo woodland（Figs. 2, 3）is a typical vegetation
type of Southern Africa, and is dominated by savanna

Fig. 2. A view of Mionbo woodland near Kasweta Wild Life
Camp.

Fig. 3. Brachystegia boehmii Taub.（Photo taken near Kasweta
Wild Life Camp）. The length of the leaflet is 4 to 4. 5 cm.

Some Plants of South Luangwa National Park, Zambia

Brachystegia spp. and Julbernardia spp.（both Fabaceae）（Hayashi, 1990; Phiri, 2005）.

61

Acknowledgments

Mopane woodland（Figs. 4 and 5）, together with

We would like to thank ZAWA officers Dr. Vincent R.

Miombo woodland, is a typical vegetation type in the

Nyirenda, Mr. Mathews Mushinbalume and Mr. Charles

Luanguwa Valley. In the dry savanna, there is a pure forest

Simwana for their collaboration with our survey, Mr. Ashedoccupied by Colophospermum mopane（J. Kirk ex Benth.）

Makukula for his field assistance, Dr. Patrick S. M. Phiri

J. Léonard（Hayashi, 1990; Phiri, 2005）. The genus

of Copperbelt University for his plant identification in the

Colophospermum, is monotypic. In Mopane woodland,

Valley, and Dr. Yasuhiko Endo, Ibaraki University, and Dr.

we often saw Combretum spp. and Terminalia spp.（bothYasushi Ibaragi, Tokushima Prefectural Museum for their

Combretaceae）.

work after we returned to Japan. Lastly, we would like to

In the grassland dominated by such Hyparrhenia（Fig.

greatly acknowledge Mr. Teddy Bwalya for his assistance6）we often saw Acacia spp.（Figs. 7, 8）and Adansonia

and arrangements that helped to make our survey possible.

digitata L.
（Fig. 9）. This type of grassland is very common
in dry savanna in Africa（Hayashi, 1990）.

Fig. 4. A view of Mopane woodland near Nsefu near Kauluzi
River. The height of the canopy is about 15 m.

Fig. 5. Colophospermum mopane（J. Kirk ex Benth.）J. Léonard（Photo taken near Nsefu near Kauluzi River）. Leaf length
ranges from 7 to 9 cm.

Fig. 6. Hyparrhenia sp.（Photo taken at Manchesa Wild LifeCamp）
. Plant height ranges from 2 to 3 m.

Fig. 7. Tree shape of Acacia tortilis（Forssk.）Hayne subsp.
spirocarpa（Hochst. ex A. Rich.）Brenan（Photo taken at
Mfuwe Chinzombo）. The height of the crown is about 15 m.

62

Kazuo Obata and Koji Yamazaki

Fig. 8. Branch of Acacia tortilis（Forssk.）Hayne subsp.
spirocarpa（Hochst. ex A. Rich.）Brenan（Photo taken at
Mfuwe Chinzombo）. The thorn length is 4 to 6 cm.

References
Bingham, M. G., A. Willemen, B. T. Wursten, P. Ballings and
M. A. Hyde. 2014. Flora of Zambia: Home page. http://www.
zambiaflora. com/index. php, retrieved 31 August 2014.
Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève andSouth African National Biodiversity Institute. 2014. African
Plants Database（version 3. 4. 0）: Home page. http://www.
ville-ge. ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/, retrieved 31 August 2014.
Fanshawe, D. B. 1984. Forest department bulletin No. 5: Fifty
common trees of Zambia. 105 pp., Ministry of Natural
Resouces and Tourism, Lusaka.
Hayashi, I. 1990. Shizen chirigaku kouza 5, Shokusei chirigaku（Physical Geography Course No. 5, Vegetation geography）（inJapanese）. 269 pp., Daimyodo, Tokyo.

（要Fig. 9. Adansonia digitata L.（Photo taken at Manchesa Wild
Life Camp）. The tree height is about 30 m.
Ibaraki Nature Museum. 2014. Messages from the Savanna –African Wildlife and its Conservation-（in Japanese）. 38 pp.,
Ibaraki Nature Museum, Ibaraki.
Moll, E. 2011. What's that tree? A starter's guide to trees ofsouthern Africa. 184 pp., Struik Nature, Cape Town.
Phiri, P. S. M. 2005. A checklist of Zambian vascular plants. 169
pp., University of Zambia, Lusaka.
Storrs, A. E. G. 1979. Know your trees: Some of the common
trees found in Zambia. 380 pp., The Forest Department,
Ndora.
Van Wyk, B. and P. van Wyk. 1997. Field guide to trees ofsouthern Africa. 536 pp., Struik Nature, Cape Town.
Van Wyk, P. 1993. A photographic guide to trees of southern
Africa. 144 pp., Struik Nature, Cape Town.

旨）
小幡和男・山﨑晃司．ザンビア・南ルワングア国立公園周辺で採集した植物．茨城県自然博

物館研究報告第 17 号（2014）pp. 59-65．

著者らは，ミュージアムパーク茨城県自然博物館で 2014 年に開催した企画展においてアフリ
カのサバンナの自然を紹介するため，2013 年 7 月にザンビア・南ルアングワ国立公園およびその周辺で調査を行った．その調査において , 展示用資料として 60 点 36 種の維管束植物標本を採集した．
（キーワード）: サバンナ，南ルアングワ国立公園，維管束植物．

Some Plants of South Luangwa National Park, Zambia

63

Appendix. A list of vascular plant specimens collected around South Luangwa National Park, Zambia.
Annonaceae
Friesodielsia obovata（Benth.）Verdc.
Scrambling shrub or very small tree. Southern DRC, Tanzania, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and
Botswana.
INM-2-82554, Mfuwe Chinzombo, 13.12926°
S 31.76885°E 511.3m, 18 July 2013.
Araceae
Pistia stratiotes L.
Free-floating aquatic evergreen herb. Widespread throughout the tropics in the world.
INM-2-82574, Mfuwe Chinzombo, 13.29884°S 32.16841°E 518m, 17 July 2013.
Arecaceae
Hyphaene coriacea Gaertn.
Tall erect, single-stemmed tree. From Central Africa to Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe and South Africa.
INM-2-82549, along Nyamluma road, 13.10549°
S 31.88194°E 527.2m, 18 July 2013.
PoaceaeHyparrhenia sp.
Perennial herb.
INM-2-82541, INM-2-82542, Manchesa Wild Life Camp, 13.12042°S 31.7729°E 528.4m, 18 July 2013. INM-2-82550, INM2-82551, along Nyamluma road, 13.10549°
S 31.88194°E 527.2m, 18 July 2013.
Euphorbiaceae
Drypetes mossambicensis Hutch.
Shrub or small to medium tree. Zambia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and South Africa.
INM-2-82539, INM-2-82540, Manchesa Wild Life Camp, 13.12042°
S 31.7729°E 528.4m, 18 July 2013.
Pseudolachnostylis maprouneifolia Pax
Single-stemmed tree. Kenya, Tanzania, DRC, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Angola, Malawi, Botswana, Namibia andSouth Africa.
INM-2-82564, INM-2-82586（fruits）, Jumbe along Chipata road, 13.04067°
S 31.91772°E 693.2m, 20 July 2013.
Salicaceae
Flacourtia indica（Burm. f.）Merr.
Shrub or small tree. Tropical Africa to northern South Africa, Madagascar, India, Sri Lanka, Indo-china, Indonesia and China.
INM-2-82571, Jumbe along Chipata road, 13.04067°
S 31.91772°E 693.2m, 20 July 2013.
Scolopia zeyheri（Nees）Harv.
Shrub or tree. Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania, DRC, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Angola, Malawi,
Botswana and South Africa.
INM-2-82569, INM-2-82570, Jumbe along Chipata road, 13.04067°
S 31.91772°E 693.2m, 20 July 2013.
Fabaceae
Acacia gerrardii Benth.
Small tree. Throughout most of Tropical Africa to South Africa.
INM-2-82533, along Nyamluma road, 13.12797°
S 31.76987°E 524.8m, 18 July 2013.
Acacia nilotica（L.）Willd. ex Delile subsp. kraussiana（Benth.）Brenan
Small to medium tree. Angola, Botswana, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa.
INM-2-82534, INM-2-82585（fruits）, along Nyamluma road, 13.12797°
S 31.76987°E 524.8m, 18 July 2013.
Acacia tortilis（Forssk.）Hayne subsp. spirocarpa（Hochst. ex A. Rich.）Brenan
Medium to large tree. Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia andZimbabwe.
INM-2-82529, Mfuwe Chinzombo, 13.12926°
S 31.76885°E 511.3m, 18 July 2013.
Afzelia quanzensis Welw.
Medium to large deciduous tree. Eastern Africa: Somalia to South Africa.
INM-2-82582, Jumbe along Chipata road, 13.01948°
S 31.51356°E 756m, 20 July 2013, fruits.
Albizia harveyi E. Fourn.
Slender, deciduous, small tree. Eastern Africa: southern Kenya to Botswana and South Africa.
INM-2-82579, along Nyamluma road, 13.12122°
S 31.77558°E 528.8m, 18 July 2013, fruits.
Brachystegia boehmii Taub.
Tall Tree. DRC, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Angola and Botswana.
INM-2-82565, INM-2-82566, Jumbe along Chipata road, 13.04067°S 31.91772°E 693.2m, 20 July 2013.

64

Kazuo Obata and Koji Yamazaki

Brachystegia manga De Wild.
Tall Tree. Tanzania, Mozambique, Zambia and Malawi.
INM-2-82572, INM-2-82573, Jumbe along Chipata road, 13.01948°
S 31.51356°E 756m, 20 July 2013.
Colophospermum mopane（J. Kirk ex Benth.）J. Léonard
Small to medium-sized deciduous tree. Angola, Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa.
INM-2-82524, INM-2-82525, INM-2-82526, INM-2-82583（fruits）, Nsefu near Kauluzi River, 13.13307°
S 31.76594°
E
526.2m, 17 July 2013.
Julbernardia globiflora（Benth.）Troupin
Tree. Tanzania, DRC, FZ countries and the Caprivi Strip.
INM-2-82567, INM-2-82568, INM-2-82587（fruits）, Jumbe along Chipata road, 13.04067 °S 31.91772 °E 693.2m, 20 July
2013.
Lonchocarpus capassa Rolfe
Medium-sized semi-deciduous tree. From DRC and Tanzania to northern Namibia and Swaziland
INM-2-82537, INM-2-82538, Manchesa Wild Life Camp, 13.12042°
S 31.7729°E 528.4m, 18 July 2013.
Pericopsis angolensis（Baker）Meeuwen
Medium to large tree. DRC, Tanzania, Angola, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe.
INM-2-82558, Jumbe along Chipata road, 13.04232°
S 31.53158°E 636.3m, 20 July 2013.
Physostigma mesoponticum Taub.
Perennial herb. Angola, Zambia, Tanzania, Malawi and Mozambique.
INM-2-82563, Jumbe along Chipata road, 13.04232°
S 31.53158°E 636.3m, 20 July 2013.
Pterocarpus angolensis DC.
Medium to large deciduous tree. DRC, Tanzania, Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Botswana, Namibia, Angola andSouth Africa.
INM-2-82581, Jumbe along Chipata road, 13.01948°
S 31.51356°E 756m, 20 July 2013, fruits.
Tamarindus indica L.
Medium to large evergreen tree. Widespread in Tropical Africa and Madagascar.
INM-2-82535, along Nyamluma road, 13.12051°
S 31.774°E 530.5m, 18 July 2013.
Combretaceae
Combretum obovatum F. Hoffm.
Usually a semi-evergreen scrambling shrub. Tanzania, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
INM-2-82530, INM-2-82531, INM-2-82584（fruits）, Mfuwe Chinzombo, 13.12926°S 31.76885°E 511.3m, 18 July 2013.
Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC.
Small to medium-sized deciduous tree. Tanzania and DRC southwards to Angola and Namibia, Zimbabwe and South Africa.
INM-2-82546, INM-2-82547, along Nyamluma road, 13.10549°S 31.88194°E 527.2m, 18 July 2013.
Capparaceae
Boscia albitrunca（Burch.）Gilg-Ben.
Small to medium tree. Mozambique, Zambia, Namibia and south to South Africa.
INM-2-82527, INM-2-82528, Mfuwe Chinzombo, 13.12926°S 31.76885°E 511.3m, 18 July 2013.
Boscia angustifolia A. Rich. var. corymbosa（Gilg）DeWolf
Small evergreen tree. Tanzania, DRC, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Botswana.
INM-2-82532, along Nyamluma road, 13.12797°
S 31.76987°E 524.8m, 18 July 2013.
Capparis tomentosa Lam.
Woody Climber, liane, shrub or small tree. Widespread in tropical Africa and South Africa.
INM-2-82520, INM-2-82521, Nsefu near Kauluzi River, 13.24856°S 31.66835°E 534.6m, 17 July 2013. INM-2-82552, INM2-82553, Mfuwe Chinzombo, 13.12926°
S 31.76885°E 511.3m, 18 July 2013.
Malvaceae
Adansonia digitata L.
Massive tree. Tropical and sub-tropical Africa, parts of the Middle East and India.
INM-2-82588, Manchesa Wild Life Camp, 13.12042°
S 31.7729°E 528.4m, 18 July 2013, fruits.
Anacardiaceae
Sclerocarya birrea（A. Rich.）Hochst. subsp. caffra（Sond.）Kokwaro.
Medium-sized deciduous tree. Angola, southern DRC, Namibia, Kenya, Tanzania, Zanzibar, Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique,Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa. Also in Madagascar.
INM-2-82580, along Nyamluma road, 13.12122°
S 31.77558°E 528.8m, 18 July 2013, fruits.

Some Plants of South Luangwa National Park, Zambia

65

Meliaceae
Trichilia emetica Vahl
Medium to large evergreen tree. Widespread in tropical Africa to South Africa. Also in Yemen.
INM-2-82556, INM-2-82557, Mfuwe Gate of South Luangwa National Park, 13.09573°S 31.79191°E 532.7m, 20 July 2013.
Ebenaceae
Diospyros batocana Hiern
Small, often gnarled tree. Angola, Botswana, Zambia, DRC and Zimbabwe
INM-2-82548, along Nyamluma road, 13.10549°
S 31.88194°E 527.2m, 18 July 2013.
Diospyros kirkii Hiern
Small tree. Angola, Shaba-DRC, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
INM-2-82559, Jumbe along Chipata road, 13.04232°
S 31.53158°E 636.3m, 20 July 2013.
Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A. DC.
Medium to large tree. Widespread in tropical Africa from Senegal to Eritrea and Yemen, southwards to Namibia, South Africa
and Mozambique.
INM-2-82522, Nsefu near Kauluzi River, 13.24856°S 31.66835°E 534.6m, 17 July 2013.
Bignoniaceae
Kigelia africana（Lam.）Benth.
Medium to large tree. Widespread in tropical Africa and South Africa.
INM-2-82536, Manchesa Wild Life Camp, 13.12042°
S 31.7729°E 528.4m, 18 July 2013.
Markhamia zanzibarica（Bojer ex DC.）K. Schum.
Tree or shrub. Tropical Africa and northern South Africa.
INM-2-82578, along Nyamluma road, 13.12797°
S 31.76987°E 524.8m, 18 July 2013, fruits.
Stereospermum kunthianum Cham.
Small to medium tree. Senegal to Ethiopia and South to Mozambique and Zimbabwe.
INM-2-82543, INM-2-82544, along Nyamluma road, 13.11231°S 31.79209°E 527.4m, 18 July 2013.