Technical reference“Estimating the amount of disaster waste generated”
1 Overview
1.1 Introduction
In severe and frequent disasters of recent years, it has been recognized that a smooth and prompt
response to disaster waste disposal is an extremely important factor from the viewpoint of securing aliving environment of a local community and reconstruction/restoration. In particular, for issues related
to disaster waste, smooth and prompt processing can be realized by the disaster waste treatment plan
based on lessons/knowledge learned by disaster response in recent years and preparations as BCP(Business Continuity Plan) in advance.
Japan, called one of the natural disaster-prone countries, is conducting simulations (estimated damage)of earthquakes and floods, and is examining proactive measures, namely, disaster prevention andmitigation. In the disaster waste treatment plan, the scale of the damage is used to estimate the amountof disaster waste. The definition of disaster waste in Japan is "Waste generated directly from natural
disasters, which is disposed in order to deal with obstacles to the preservation of the living environment.
by municipalities”.

1.2 Classification of disaster waste in Japan
In Japan, disaster waste means the clean-up garbage that is discharged when residents clean up thedamaged items in their houses, and the waste discharged from the removal of damaged houses(dismantling as necessary). The classification of disaster waste is shown in the table.

1Table 1 Category of waste generated by disasters(Source: Disaster Waste Management Guideline for Asia and the Pacific)

This classification is for the composition of building materials and assets held by citizens andcompanies. However, most of the potential of disaster waste is due to collapsed houses, social
infrastructure such as road-related facilities and river structures, and natural sources such as runoff trees.
Here, mainly the potential of disaster waste from collapsed houses is estimated. Additionally, we will
also examine the potential obtained through the status of social infrastructure development that can beorganized by basic information such as GDP and population. After checking whether the damaged tree
is treated as waste in East Asia, it is judged that it is involved in the potential estimation for waste
generation. Because it may not be disposal waste in some developing countries.

22 Estimation method of disaster waste
2.1 Basic estimation approach
In Japan, the estimation of disaster waste amount needs to be calculated at each point, i.e. in drawing
up a disaster waste treatment plan before the disaster, in grasping the approximate amount of disaster
waste immediately after the disaster, in drawing up a treatment plan within about one month after thedisaster, and in managing the progress of disaster waste disposal.
The amount of disaster waste can be calculated as “disaster information × damage information ×
generation intensity”.
The relation expression between disaster information and damage level information has been
established. It indicates seismic intensity and house damage (ratio of major (collapse) and moderate
damage) in each building structure (wooden etc.) and age group. The indicator curve is called as“fragility curve”. It is possible to estimate the numbers of major/moderate damaged buildings by thefragility curve with the seismic intensity and the number of wooden and non-wooden houses for eachbuilding age in a certain area. Likewise, about the relation between damage information and disaster
waste amount the relational expression is obtained. By using it the disaster waste amount can be
estimated with the numbers of major and moderate damaged buildings.
In the planning and early response phase, the amount of disaster waste is estimated by hazard
information and estimated damage information. And the final disposal amount is accumulated via actual
values such as field surveys and weight measurements.

Figure 1 Temporal changes in data used for estimation of disaster waste32.2 Estimation method of disaster waste after the outbreakTo estimate the disaster waste amount carried in temporary storages immediately after the outbreak
UAV is sometimes used. The estimation by UAV recorded flight paths makes it possible to calculate in ashorter period than by current measurement or GPS survey, and it is useful to the daily management of
the delivery to temporary sites. However, UAV measures the volume, so it is important to determine thespecific gravity for each composition considering the weight actually measured on a truck scale, etc.

2.3 Estimating Equation for disaster waste
The estimating equation for disaster waste is as below;(1) Estimating method based on the information of damaged houses
Disaster waste amount =Number of damaged houses x Generation intensity …(Eq. 1)
In Japan large-scale damages by earthquakes (including tsunami), storms, and floods damages occur
and the information of damage including collapsed buildings is collected and surveyed immediately
after the outbreak. However, it takes a long time to grasp the total number of damaged buildings
because the damage information is usually collected by manual survey.
We will show how to estimate disaster waste amount by an earthquake in the case of Kumamoto
earthquakes 2016.
The disaster waste amount presented by Kumamoto Prefecture in late May 2016 was 1-1.3 million
tons. Applying the number of damaged houses in late May and the generation intensity by the technicalguidelines (Technical data “Estimation of disaster waste amount etc. (Gi 1-11-1-1)” by the Ministory ofEnvironment) to Eq. 1, the estimations are as below. The estimation equation and numbers were notofficial, but the amount is close to the numbers presented by Kumamoto Prefecture.
Generation intensity of major damaged building: 117 (ton per house)
Generation intensity of moderately damaged building: 23.4 (ton per house)
Estimation of disaster waste amount= Number of major damaged buildings x Generation intensity of major damaged buildings+ Number of moderately damaged buildings x Generation intensity of moderately damagedbuildings= 7,000 houses x 117 ton + 20,000 houses x 23.4 ton= 1.287 million ton
Disaster waste amount was finally reported to be 3.11 million tons in March 2018 because the numberof damaged houses was increased after reported and the generation intensity was calculated with byactual numbers.
4

We will show the estimation of disaster waste amount by flood damage. There is damage information
about flooding above floor level and below floor level apart from complete and half damages. Eachgeneration intensity is shown in the technical guidelines of the Ministry of Environment “Estimation ofdisaster waste amount”.
Generation intensity of flooding above floor level: 4.6 (ton per house)
Generation intensity of flooding below floor level: 0.62 (ton per house)
Estimation of disaster waste amount=Number of complete destruction x Generation intensity of complete destruction+ (Number of Large-scale half destruction + Number of half destruction) x Generation
intensity of half-destruction+ (Number of flooding above floor level + Number of half destruction) x Generation
intensity of flooding above floor level+ (Number of flooding below floor level) x Generation intensity of flooding below floor
level= 50 houses x 117 ton + 3,687 houses x 23.4 ton + 0 houses + 2,264 houses x 23.4 ton= 93,525 ton
The disaster waste amount generated was reported to52,372 tons according to “Management report ofdisaster waste by heavy rain in Kanto and Tohoku on September 2015 (H27)” by the Kanto Regional
Environmental Office, MoE and Joso city.
(2) Estimation method of damage of houses by disaster area without damaged houses information
Disaster waste amount (estimated) = Disaster area x Social infrastructure information(buildings, infrastructure) x Generation intensity
Here, the disaster area means hazard information, and also seismic intensity distribution, tsunami,
flooding area, etc. Social infrastructure information is about buildings, infrastructure, and in particular,
the numbers of buildings in the estimation of disaster waste amount. Disaster waste amount can be
estimated by multiplying this information by generation intensity. In Japan the information of buildings,
infrastructure, and geographical features is organized in registries and GIS data, etc., so the extent of thedamage (the number of damaged houses and the impact on infrastructure) can be estimated with seismic
intensity data or inundation depth as damaged extent.
For estimating building damaged by an earthquake, there is Real-time earthquake damage estimate
information that has been researched and developed by National Research Institute for Earth Scienceand Disaster Resilience, and is operated by Real-time Earthquake and Disaster Information Consortium(REIC). Real-time earthquake damage estimate information is based on Seismic intensity distribution
5

data observed by the Japan Meteorological Agency immediately after the earthquake and estimates thebuilding damage distribution on about 1 km mesh. By multiplying the number of buildings damaged by
Real-time earthquake damage estimate information by generation intensity it is possible to estimate thepotential amount of disaster waste generation at an early stage. This is shown in Figure.

Figure 2 Flow from ground motion to the estimation of human damage

6

Figure 3 Real-time earthquake damage estimate information(Flow from earthquake motion to human damage)
However, few Asian countries organize such disaster information and systems. Here organizing social
infrastructure information by population density, GDP, building structure, and superimposing with pastdisaster information, we will study grasping the generation potential data and converting it to disaster
waste amount by multiplying generation intensity.
One of the methods to grasp disaster information is that of estimating approximate damage area bySatellite data observation. Especially, to respond to disasters, public institutions (ministries,
municipalities, national laboratories, universities, etc.) can utilize and share satellite data and its analysis
results in the activity of Sentinel Asia. Sentinel Asia is a framework promoted in cooperation with threecommunities: the space community (APRSAF), the international community (UNESCAP, UNOOSA,

7ASEAN, AIT, etc.), and the disaster prevention community (ADRC and its member countries). (SeeFigure)3 Generation Intensity
Generation intensity in Japan is derived from the amount of disposal divided by the number ofdamaged buildings in the past disaster. The generation intensity is calculated from the disposal numberof damaged houses, public buildings, and other damages which means the total number of damaged
objects. It is characterized by the intensity of calculating the total amount of generated waste including
residential and non-residential buildings (including large-scale buildings and public buildings) andpublic facilities (including infrastructure) in the estimating target area.
With the above idea, the total amount can be grasped, however it is not clear which generation source
building-derived waste, infrastructure removal, runoff trees, or mixed sediment waste are. Also, thebuilding structures are unknown, so it is not clear what the composition of the waste is.
The calculation method of the disaster waste amount is recently proposed by setting the generation
intensity per floor area (m2) in a typical building structure and by multiplying the total floor area ofmajor damaged buildings. Then the waste amount from public infrastructure, fallen trees, mixed
sediment, etc. that is referred from the actual volume in the disaster record is added to the buildingsbased waste amount.
The potential amount of disaster waste=Potential amount of disaster waste generated by collapsed buildings+ Potential amount from public infrastructure damage+ Potential amount from fallen trees and mixed sediment
Potential amount of disaster waste generated by collapsed buildings=Generation intensity (Generation potential per square meter of floor area) (t/m2) x floorarea (m2)
Examples of Potential amounts from public infrastructure damage and fallen trees and mixed
sediment may be estimated as follows.
Potential amount by public infrastructure damage = estimated population or GDP x
estimated disaster area x Coefficient.
Potential amount from fallen trees and mixed sediment= vegetation area and sediment area x
Coefficient.
The generation intensity for a wooden building in Japan is 0.6t / m2 and that for non-wood buildings is
1.2t / m2. The average floor area is 95 m2 for wooden and 301 m2 for non-wood.
Collapse buildings/public infrastructure/runoff trees or mixed sediment8

4 Composition of disaster waste
To plan disaster waste treatment in advance, it is necessary not only the estimation of the amount
generated but also the composition ratio of disaster waste. Disaster waste is separated into; Waste(wood, concrete, brick, stone, metal, etc.) that is recycled/reused at biomass facilities after crushing andsorting, Waste (combustible mixture) that is disposed after intermediate treatment such as incineration,
and Combustible and noncombustible waste that is landfilled. Sediment is improved to meet eachstandard and reused in public works. Due to the chronic shortage of final disposal sites in Japan,(disaster) waste is recycled and reused after intermediate treatments as much as possible. The landfill is
reduced as much as possible by incinerating other combustibles.
The tables in Appendix show the amount and composition of disaster waste in the past major disasters
in Japan. Before, at the time of the outbreak, and at the time of treatment, estimating the composition ofwaste is an important issue for realizing the prompt treatment and drawing up a treatment plan for thearea. In the future, we will organize past disaster information in Asia, grapes the composition of disaster
waste and reflect it in the formulation of regional treatment plans and the waste treatment facilities
plans.

5 Estimation of the generated amount and intensity data
5.1 Estimation of the potential waste generation
The structure of the building, the average floor area of each building, the structure, the material type,the classification method on the disaster waste treatment, etc. depends on the lifestyle and infrastructurallevel in countries or regions. There are differences in disasters that can occur in various countries, andthe amount/proportion of disaster waste disposal is also diverse. It is ideal to consistently prepare bycollecting past data in every Asian country for the equation to estimate generated disaster waste amountat the outbreak. However, little data about the amount of past disaster waste generated exist, and it takes
much time to survey it.
Therefore, grasping the potential generated amount (floor area per 1 km mesh (m2)) of houses,
buildings, etc. that can become disaster waste is aimed as preparation for this fiscal year. We will
investigate and collect data on generation intensity for houses, buildings, etc.
The generated potential amount may be expressed as Exposure in past studies. As shown in Figure 4, itis the data source for calculating the risk of building collapse and the amount of waste generated fromthe relationship between Hazard, Exposure, and Vulnerability.

9Figure 4 Mechanism behind the Emergence of Natural Disasters(Source: Total Disaster Risk Management - Good Practices 2005 –, Asia Disaster Research Center(https://www.adrc.asia/publications/TDRM2005/TDRM_Good_Practices/GP2005_e.html))

In calculating the specific generation potential, a location is selected by referring to the research onareas where economic loss risk by disasters was high in the past. For example, the joint study of WorldBank and Columbia University published the maps of relative indicators of economic loss risk by
earthquakes, floods, and cyclones.

Figure 5 Expected Annual Multi-hazard Risk Level of Affected Property on the world(Source: Shi and Kasperson eds., 2015, World atlas of natural disaster risk, BNUP-Springer)
10Figure 6 Expected Economic-social Wealth (ESW) Loss Risk of Earthquake of the world(Source: Shi and Kasperson eds., 2015, World atlas of natural disaster risk, BNUP-Springer)

Figure 7 Affected GDP Risk of Flood of the world by Return Period (10a)(Source: Shi and Kasperson eds., 2015, World atlas of natural disaster risk, BNUP-Springer)

11

Figure 8 Expected Annual Affected GDP Risk of Tropocal Cyclone of the world(Source: Shi and Kasperson eds., 2015, World atlas of natural disaster risk, BNUP-Springer)
The regions where the economic loss risk due to the earthquake is high are the Philippines,
southwestern China, etc., except for Japan. Areas with a high risk of economic loss due to floods arefound in many areas such as Indonesia, southern China, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, and India.
Due to cyclones, those are found in the Philippines, Vietnam, and Bangladesh.
Here we will estimate the generation potential in Jakarta as an example with a high risk of economic
loss due to flooding, and large urban areas. As shown in Figure 9, the area with many artificial
structures is identified, the number of buildings is estimated from population density, etc., and thegeneration potential is estimated.

Population density
in the identified

Identifying an area
covered withareas

artificial structures

Estimating thenumber ofhouseholds

The generation
potential (Total
floor area)

Figure 9 The generation potential - Flow of estimation
Figure 10 shows a 10 second (about 300m) mesh land cover map of Jakarta. The red mesh is the area
where the structures are distributed. Figure 11 shows the population density distribution of 30 seconds(about 1km) mesh in Jakarta

12Figure 10 Land Surface Classification in Jakarta

53,598 persons /km2

Figure 11

Population Density in Jakarta

We calculate the total floor area by the population density divided by the average floor area in the area
(red mesh) where the structures shown in Figure 11 are distributed. The sample point shown in Figure1311 is 53,598 people / 30” mesh, which is 13,400 households assuming one household has 4 people.
Assuming that one household is about 50 m2, it can be estimated that the generated potential amount isabout 670,000 m2 in the mesh of sample points. This figure only shows the floor area of the structure
per 1 km2. The risk of damage requires information on building vulnerability and hazards. It is desirable
to create a database of the potential amount that is comprehensively calculated in the risky cities of the
Asia-Pacific countries or to prepare a mechanism that can calculate at any place on the web so that thepotential amount in the target area can be calculated at any time in the future.

5.2 Storage of generation intensity data
We investigate past research and reports, etc., and show surveys on data of generation intensity ofdisaster waste in domestic and overseas disasters.
The DW generation intensity per building varies greatly depending on the building structure. The tableshows the generation intensity of wooden and non-wooden buildings in the past disasters in Japan. The
generation intensity of non-wooden buildings is about twice of wooden ones.
Table 2 Generation intensity in Japan
WoodenStudyt/100m2

Others(RC , Steel etc.)

51.6

t/m2

0.516

t/100m2

t/m2

Kumamoto Before Earthquake

60.0

0.6

100

1.0

Tokyo Metro.

31.3

0.313

94.3

0.943

Kawasaki City

50

0.5

133

1.33

Kumamoto

57.1

Hyogo Pref.

Journal of the Japan Society of Waste
Management Experts

DWM Guideline of MOEJ

137

1.5

1.37

62~71

0.62~0.71

85

0.85

69.6

0.696

110.7

1.107

60

Average

0.571

150

0.6

120

1.2

The table shows the generation intensity per unit floor area. The following expression is used toconvert that per building.
Amount of DW generation=

DW generation intensity （t/m2） × Floor space(m2)Some Investigation were conducted on representative building structures of six Asian countries
targeted for the field visit in this study.

14

BUILDING STRUCTURE

BUILDING STRUCTURE(URBAN RESIDENTIAL)

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

(RURAL RESIDENTIAL)

100%

Fiji

0%

20%

40%

60%

レンガ造

コンクリ造

80%

100%

Fiji

Indonesia

Indonesia

Micronesia

Micronesia

Nepal

Nepal

Philippines

Philippines

木造

組積造

レンガ造

コンクリ造

鉄骨造

不明

木造

組積造

鉄骨造

不明

Figure 12 Percentage of residential building structures in six Asian countries(Source: Brzev S., C. Scawthorn, A.W. Charleson, L. Allen,M. Greene, K. Jaiswal, V. Silva. GEM
Building Taxonomy Version 2.0）
In Table 3, since there are masonry and brick buildings unlike Japan, their generation intensities wereclassified and those of two countries were surveyed.
Table 3 Generation intensity in Asian countries

Study
Japan
Indonesia[1]
Nepal

15

WoodenStone/Brick

Others(RC, CB etc.)

t/m2

t/m2

t/m2

0.08

0.736

0.817

0.6

NA

1.2

1.90 ~ 3.23[2]Appendix “the amount and composition of disaster waste in the past majordisasters in Japan”①
The Great East Japan Earthquake【Type 】ocean-trench earthquake with Tsunami【Date】11st March, 2011(H23)【Human damage】
18,000 people
Deceased 1））
13,000 people
Missing【Building damage】
1,159,000 houses
Houses1）（complete collapse 129,000, half collapse 270,000, Partial
damaged 760,000）
・Iwate45,063 houses（Complete collapse 19,507, Half collapse）
2
Prefecture
6,571, Partial damaged 18,979）
・Miyagi
470,129 houses（Complete collapse 83,002, Half collapse）
2
Prefecture
155,129, Partial damaged 224,202）【Disaster waste】
Generated
31 million ton （Disaster Waste 20 million, Tsunami deposit
amount11 million）（Estimated）1）
Treatment period 3 years
Composition
combustible：20％（wood：4.0％、combustibles：16.0％）（Iwate Pref.＋non-combustible：80％（non-combustibles：30.0％、
Miyagi Pref.
concrete：43.0％、metal：3.0％、other：4.0％）
Actual results）*2）、*3）・Iwate Pref.*2）
combustible：15.5％（wood：1.7％、combustibles：13.8％）（excluding
non-combustible：84.5％（non-combustibles：26.3％、Tsunami deposit） concrete：52.0％、metal：4.2％、other：2.0％）
・Miyagi Pref.*3）
combustible：25.9％（wood：6.7％、combustibles：19.2％）（excluding
non-combustible：74.1％（non-combustibles：33.0％、Tsunami deposit） concrete：33.5％、metal：1.3％、other：6.2％）
Breakdown *3）、*4） recycling :88.1％、incineration・landfill:11.9％（Average of
Iwate
Pref./Miyagi
Pref.）
・Iwate Pref.*3）
recycling：88.2％、incineration：7.1％、landfill：4.7％）
4・Miyagi Pref.*recycling：88.0％、incineration：9.2％、final disposal：2.8％

16

Source：*1）MoE HP ”Disaster Waste Management Information Site, Disaster Waste Treatment &Archives, Damage of the Great East Japan earthquake”
http://kouikishori.env.go.jp/archive/h23_shinsai/damage_situation/*2）the Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake（the Great East Japan earthquake）2011 (H23)（156th report）, September 8th, 2018(H29), 14:01、Headquarters for disaster control,
FDMA）*3）Treatment record in Iwate of Disaster waste resulting the Great East Japan earthquake
and Tsunami (H27.2, Iwate Pref.)*4）Research report of the management of disaster waste in the Great East Japan earthquake(H27 Miyagi Pref.)Wood 4.0%
Combustibles 16.0%
Non-combustibles 30.0%
Concrete 43.0%
Metal 3.0%
Other 4.0%
(combustibles 20.0%: non-combustible 80%)
Fig. Composition of Disaster waste

Source: Disaster waste countermeasure information website
http://kouikishori.env.go.jp/archive/h23_shinsai/photo/area_miyagi_ishimaki.html※Composition is from Table data

17

② The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake【Type】Inland Earthquake【Date】17th January 1995 (H7)
【Human damage】
Deceased
6,394 people
injured40,071 people
Missing
2 people【Building damage】
HousesComplete collapse 104,934, half collapse 136,096, Burned
7,456【Disaster waste】
Generated
14.5 million ton
amount（estimated）
Treatment period 3 years
Composition
combustible：19.7％（combustibles：19.7％）
Non-combustible：80.3％（non-combustibles：79.6％、Metal：
0.7％）
Breakdown
Recycling：38.2％、Incineration：14.4％、Landfill: 47.4％
Source ：Record of disaster waste management, March 1997(H9)、（Hyogo Environment Create Center）
金属くず
0.7%

可燃系
19.7%
可燃物
19.7%

不燃物
79.6%
不燃物
80.3%

図 災害廃棄物の組

Source: Disaster waste countermeasure information website※Composition is from the table data
Combustibles 19.7%
Non-Combustibles 79.6%
Metal 30.7%(combustibles 19.7%: non-combustible
80.3%)
Fig. Composition of Disaster waste18

③ 2016(H28) the Kumamoto Earthquake【Type】Inland Earthquake【Date】14th April 2016(H28)（foreshock）、14th April 2016(H28)（main shock）【Human damage】（16th October 2017(H29)）5）
Deceased
246 people
InjuredSerious injured 1,165 people slightly injured 1,553 people【Building Damage】6）Houses
190,432 houses（Complete collapse 8,664, half collapse（May
34,026, partial collapse 147,742）
2017(H29)）【Disaster waste】6）
Generated
2.89 million ton
amount（estimated）
Treatment period 2 years
Composition
combustible：20.2％（wood：15.7％、combustibles：4.5％）
non-combustible：79.8％（non-combustibles：24.7％、
concrete：47.4％、metal：0.5％、other：7.2％）
Breakdown
Recycling：70.4％、disposal：29.6％（March2017(H29)）
source：5）2016(H28) Report of the damage by the Kumamoto earthquake , October
2017(H29), Headquarters for disaster control,6）2016(H28) Disaster waste management plan, Kumamoto Pref.～ver.2～revised,
June 2017(H29) , Kumamoto pref.
http://www.bousai.go.jp/updates/h280414jishin/index.html
金属くず
0.5%

その他
7.2%

可燃系
20.2%
柱角材
15.7%

コンクリートがら
47.4%

不燃系
79.8%

図

Source: Disaster waste countermeasure photo channel※Composition is from the table data

19

可燃物
4.5%

不燃物
24.7%

Wood 15.7%
Combustibles 4.5%
Non-Combustibles 24.7%
災害廃棄物
Concrete 47.4%
Metal 0.5%
Other 7.2%
(combustible 20.2%: non-combustible
79.8%)
Fig. Composition of Disaster waste

④ 2014(H26) August the Hiroshima landslide by heavy rainfall【Type】landslide disaster【Date】20th August 2014(H26)【Human damage】（31st March 2017(H29)）
Deceased
76 people
InjuredSerious injured 46, slighty injured 22【Building damage】
Houses4,749 houses（complete collapse 179, half collapse 217,
partial collapse 189, flooding above floor level 1,084,
Inundation below floor level 3,084）【disaster waste】
Generated
522 thousand ton
amountTreatment period Approx. 1.5 years
Component
combustible：2.7％（wood：1.9％、combustibles：0.8％）
non-combustible：1.5％（non-combustibles：0.5％、concrete：
0.9％、metal：0.1％）
sediment：95.8％
Breakdown
Recycling ：99.1％、Incineration：0.3％、landfill ：0.5％

Source： Report of disaster waste management due to the Hiroshima landslide by heavy
rainfall, August 2014(H26)（Chugoku/Shikoku regional environmental office(MoE), Hiroshimaenvironmental agency, March 2016 (H28)）
柱角材 1.9%

可燃物 0.8%

不燃物 0.5%
コンクリートがら 0.9%
金属くず 0.1%

可燃物
2.7%

不燃物
1.5%

土砂 95.8%
土砂
95.8%

図

Source: Disaster waste countermeasure photo channel
http://kouikishori.env.go.jp/photo_channel/h26_dosya/search/※Composition is from Table data20

災害廃棄物の組成

Wood 1.9%
Combustibles 0.8%
Non-Combustibles 0.5%
Concrete 0.9%
Metal 0.1%
Sediment 95.8%(Sediment 95.8%, combustibles 20.2%, noncombustibles 1.5%)
Fig. Composition of Disaster waste⑤ The Izu-oshima flood damage by heavy rainfall【Type】flood damage【date 】26th October 2013(H25)【Human damage】
Deceased
36 people
Missing
3 people【Building damage】
HousesComplete collapse 137, Half collapse 77, flooding above
floor level 17, Inundation 46【Disaster waste】
Generated
27.3 thousand ton
amountTreatment period Approx.1 year
Composition
combustible：18.6％（wood：2.4％、combustibles：16.2％）
non-combustible：1.9％（non-combustibles：0.6％、concrete：
1.1％、metal：0.1％、other 0.03％） sediment：79.5％
Breakdown
Recycling ：99.5％、incineration・landfill：0.5％（excluding
treatment outsideisland）
柱角材 2.4%

その他 0.0%

可燃系
18.6%

不燃物 0.6%

可燃物
16.2%

コンクリートがら
1.1%
金属くず0.1%
不燃系
1.9%

土砂
79.5%
土砂
79.5%

図

Source: Report of Oshima cho disaster waste management
Treatment operation, March 2015(H25)
Oshima Cho, Tokyo environmental agency,
Tokyo Environmental Public Service Corporation,※Composition is from Table data

21

災害廃棄物の組成
Wood 2.4%
Combustibles 16.2%
Non-Combustibles 0.6%
Concrete 1.1%
Metal 0.1%
Sediment 79.5%(Sediment 79.5%, combustible
18.6%,
non-combustible 1.9%)
Fig. Composition of Disaster waste

⑥ Kanto-Tohoku heavy rainfall disaster（Joso city）【Type】Flood disaster【Date】9th-10th September 2015(H27)【Human damage】（1st June 2016 (H28)）
Deceased
8 people
InjuredSerious injured 8, slight injured 72【Building damage】
Houses
19,723 houses（complete collapse 80, half collapse 7,022,
partial collapse 343, flooding above floor level 1,925,
Inundation below floor level 10,353）
Inundation area
Approx..40 km2（damaged area）【disaster waste】
Generated
52.4 hundred ton
amountTreatment period Approx.1 year
composition
combustible：6.5％（wood：2.1％、combustibles：4.4％）
non-combustible：81.6％（non-combustibles：70.5％、
concrete：9.9％、metal：0.6％、other：0.6％）
sediment：12.0％
Ratio
recycling ：45％、final disposal：26％、reducing 29％
Source: Record of September 2017(H29) Disaster waste management by Kanto-Tohoku
heavy rainfall disaster (Kanto regional environmental office, MoE, Joso City, March 2017(H29))

金属くず
0.6%

その他0.6%
土砂
12.0%
土砂
12.0%

柱角材 2.1%
可燃系
6.4%
可燃物
4.4%

コンクリートがら
9.9%

不燃物
70.5%
不燃系
81.6%

図 災害廃棄物の組成

Source: Disaster waste countermeasure photo channel
http://kouikishori.env.go.jp/photo_channel/h27_suigai/search/※Composition is from the table data

22

Wood 2.1%
Combustibles 4.4%
Non-Combustibles 70.5%
Concrete 9.9%
Metal 0.6%
Sediment 12.0%
Other 0.6%
(Sediment 12.0%, combustible 6.4%,
non-combustible 81.6%)
Fig. Composition of Disaster waste

⑦ 2016(H28) Large-scale Fire in Itoigawa city, Niigata Pref.
【Type】Wind damage【Date】22nd December 2016
【Human damage】（31st March 2017(H29)）
Injured17 people(citizen 2, firefighter 15）※moderate injured 1,
slightly injured16【building damage】
Fire damaged
147 buildings（burned down 120, half burned 5, partiallyburned 22）
Burned area
Approx.40,000 m2（damaged area）
Fire damaged
30,213 m2
area【disaster waste】
Generated
20.6 hundred ton
amountTreatment period 11 months
Composition
combustible：2.7％（wood：2.3％、combustibles：0.4％）
non-combustible：58.5％（concrete：54.4％、metal：4.1％）
burned：38.9％
Breakdown
Recycling ：60.7％、carbonization：0.4％、landfill：38.9％
source：平成 29 年度 Disaster waste treatment operation report（large-scale Fire in
Itoigawa city, the north side of the station）Itoigawa City
柱角材
2.3%

可燃物
0.4%

可燃系
2.7%

燃えがら
38.9%
燃えがら
38.9%
コンクリートがら
54.4%

不燃系
58.5%

金属くず
4.1%

図

災害廃棄物の組成

Source: Source: Disaster waste countermeasure information website
http://kouikishori.env.go.jp/archive/h28_kasai/※Composition is from Table data
23

Wood 2.3%
Combustibles 0.4%
Concrete 54.4%
Metal 4.1%
Burned 38.9%(Burned 38.9%, combustible 2.7%,
non-combustible 58.5%)
Fig. Composition of Disaster waste