ᆅᇦᏳ඲Ꮫ఍᱾ᴫ㞟 No.42, 2018. 5‫ܤ؏ע‬μ‫˟ܖ‬యಒᨼ⒖Ⓞⓥ⒤⒪⒨⒢⒖⒨⒦⒧⒮⒤⒖⒫ 㜵⅏࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ᴫᛕࠕࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࠖࡢᥦ᱌
Proposal of a novel concept “Phase Free” on Disaster Reduction12345‫⛙ۑ‬ᗣ⠊ 㸪బ⸨၏⾜ 㸪ᯇᓮඖ 㸪すཎ฼ோ 㸪┠㯮බ㑻
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Yasunori HADA , Tadayuki SATOH , Gen MATSUZAKI,
Toshihito NISHIHARA4, and Kimiro MEGURO5
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ᒣ᲍኱Ꮫᆅᇦ㜵⅏࣭࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮Disaster and Environmentally Sustainable Admlnistration Research Center, University of Yamanashi
2ᰴᘧ఍♫ࢫ࣌ࣛࢹ࢕࢘ࢫ
Speradius Co., Ltd.
3༓ⴥᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ ๰㐀ᕤᏛ㒊 ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ⛉Ꮫ⛉Department of Design, Faculty of Creative Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology4࢔ࢫࢡࣝᰴᘧ఍♫ASKUL Corporation5ᮾி኱Ꮫ⏕⏘ᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ
Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo
In this paper, we propose a novel concept “Phase Free” on disaster reduction. The concept of Phase Free is to protect
the lives of people and to improve QOL of people beyond the difference between the daily and emergency phases by
everyday products and services. Though conventional products and services for an emergency phase are to work thosefunction in an emergency phase, it is marked that Phase Free products and services are to work those functions between
the daily and emergency phases.
Keywords : Phase free, disaster reduction, BCP, quality of life㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ 2011 ᖺ 3 ᭶ᮾ໭ᆅ᪉ኴᖹὒἈᆅ㟈࡟ࡼࡾ㸪2 ୓ேࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ≛≅⪅ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣグ᠈࡟᪂ࡋ࠸㸬㤳㒔୰ᯡᶵ⬟࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀᠱᛕࡉࢀࡿ㤳㒔┤ୗᆅ㟈ࡸ༡ᾏࢺࣛࣇᕧ኱ᆅ㟈ࡣࠊ௒ᚋ 30 ᖺ௨ෆ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ☜⋡ࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ 70㸣㸪
70㸣㹼80%࡜㧗࠸ᩘᏐ࡛ண᝿ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᡃࡀᅜࡣ㧗࠸ᆅ㟈⅏ᐖࣜࢫࢡ࡟┤㠃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㏆ᖺࡢᆅ⌫ ᬮ໬࡟క࠺㞟୰㇦㞵ࡢቑຍࡸᐩኈᒣᄇⅆࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀᣦ᦬ࡉ
ࢀࡿ࡞࡝㸪ᵝࠎ࡞⮬↛⅏ᐖࡢࣜࢫࢡ࡟ࡉࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ⅏ᐖࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿᗘ࡟㸪㜵⅏ࡢ㔜せᛶࡣ♫఍ⓗ࡟ᗈࡃㄆ㆑ࡉࢀࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡀᚲࡎࡋࡶ㜵⅏⾜ື࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣᗈࡃ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬≀⌮Ꮫ⪅ᑎ⏣ᐥᙪ㸦1878㹼1935㸧ࡢࠕኳ⅏ࡣᛀࢀࡓ㡭࡟ࡸࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠖࡣ㸪⅏ᐖࡢᮏ㉁ࢆぢ஦࡟ゝ࠸ᙜ࡚࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㢖ᗘࡀ㧗࠸஦㇟࡟ࡣ㸪ேࡣ⤒㦂ࢆ
㏻ࡋ࡚Ꮫ⩦ࡋ㸪ഛ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪⅏ᐖࡢ㢖ᗘࡣ㸪ᆅᇦࡸ᫬㛫ࢆ㝈ᐃࡍࡿ࡜Ỵࡋ࡚㧗ࡃ࡞࠸㸬ࡇࡇ࡟㸪㜵⅏ࢆ᥎㐍ࡍࡿ஦ࡢᮏ㉁ⓗ࡞ᅔ㞴ࡉࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿ㸬ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ㸪㜵⅏࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ᴫᛕ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࠖࢆᥦ᱌ 1), 2)ࡋ㸪➹⪅ࡽࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ㆟ㄽ 3)࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ㸬㸰㸬ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ ⫼ᬒ࡜ᴫᛕ ⫼ᬒ ᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏ࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪ேࠎࡢ㜵⅏࡟ᑐࡍࡿព㆑ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛௨ୖ࡟㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㜵⅏࡟㛵ࡍࡿၟရ࣭ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡀὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞௻ᴗࡸᅋయࡀ㸪㜵⅏ၟရࡢ㛤Ⓨ࣭ᥦ౪㸪㜵⅏㛵㐃ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢᥦ᱌ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ᡃࡀᅜࡣୡ⏺ࡢ୰࡛ࡶ⅏ᐖࡀከⓎࡍࡿᆅᇦ࡟࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛኱つᶍ࡞⅏ᐖࢆఱᗘࡶ⤒㦂ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ᕷẸࡸ௻ᴗࢆၥࢃࡎ኱つᶍ࡞⅏ᐖࡢ┤ᚋ࡟ࡣ㜵⅏ព㆑ࡣ୍᫬ⓗ࡟㧗ࡲࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪ࡑࢀࡀᐃ╔ࡋ࡞࠸ࡢࡣ࡞ࡐ࠿㸬ࡑࡢ⌮⏤ࡣࡉࡲࡊࡲ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪➹⪅ࡽࡣ㸪୍⯡ࡢேࠎࡣ㸪ࠕ㠀ᖖ᫬࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᅔ㞴ࡀ㉳ࡇࡿ࠿ࢆ㸪᪥ᖖࡢ⏕άࡢ୰࡛ࣜ࢔ࣜࢸ࢕ࢆࡶࡗ࡚ᛮ࠸ᥥࡃࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪࡜࡚ࡶ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠖ࠿ࡽࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡓ㸦ᅗ 1 ᕥ㸧㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪Ⓨ᝿ࢆኚ࠼࡚ࡳࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࡓ࠸㸬⚾ࡓࡕࡀ⏕άࢆ㏦ࡿࠕ᪥ᖖ᫬ࠖ࡜ࠕ㠀ᖖ᫬ࠖ࡜࠸࠺㸰ࡘࡢ᫬㛫㸦ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬ㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ࡇࡢ㸰ࡘࢆศࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡵ࡚ࡳࡿ㸦ᅗ 1 ྑ㸧㸬ࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜㸪♫఍࡟ồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ㸪ࠕ㜵⅏ࡢࡓࡵࡢ≉ู࡞ࣔࣀ࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᬑẁࡢ⏕άࡢ୰࡛⮬↛࡟౑࠼㸪ࡉࡽ࡟㠀ᖖ᫬࡟ࡶᙺ࡟❧ࡘࣔࣀ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࡝ࡕࡽࡢࣇ࢙࣮ࢬ࡛ࡶᙺ࡟❧ࡘࡼ࠺࡟᭱ึ࠿ࡽࢹࢨ࢖ࣥࡉࢀࡓၟရࡸࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ඛ⾜◊✲㜵⅏࡟㛵ࡍࡿព㆑ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢၨⓎࡸᩍ⫱ࡣ㸪Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㜵⅏ᩍ⫱࡟ࡣࡌࡲࡗ࡚㸪඲ᅜྛᆅ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᆅ㟈࡬ࡢഛ࠼ࢆලయⓗ࡟♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ౛࠼ࡤ 4, 5)㸪ᆅᇦࡢᬽࡽࡋࡸ⏕άࡢ୰࡛ࡢᬛᜨࢆㄝ࠸ࡓࡶࡢ౛࠼ࡤ 6, 7)࡞࡝ࡀ࠶
ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡣ࡝ࢀࡶ஦๓ࡢഛ࠼ࡢ㔜せᛶࢆㄝ࠸ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࠕ㜵⅏ࡢ㔜せᛶࢆㄝࡃࠖෆᐜ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࡝ࢀࡔࡅࢃ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸㸪࢟ࣕࢵࢳ࣮࡞ࢿ࣮࣑ࣥࢢࢆᑟධࡋࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪ࡇࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡟ࡣ㸪 ᮏ㉁ⓗ࡞㝈⏺
ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜➹⪅ࡽࡣ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣఫᏯࣜࣇ࢛࣮࣒ᕷሙࡀᩘ඙෇࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୰࡛㸪⪏㟈⿵ᙉ࣭ᨵಟࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ᕷሙ࡜ࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢࢆぢࢀࡤࡼࡃࢃ࠿ࡿ㸬䠉㻌㻝㻝㻟㻌䠉㸯ᅗ  ᪥ᖖ᫬࡜㠀ᖖ᫬ࡢ᝿ീࡢቨ࡜ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࡢᴫᛕᅗࣜࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡉࢀࡓఫᏯࡢ౯್ࡣ᪥ᖖ᫬࠿ࡽⓎືࡍࡿࡀ㸪⪏㟈ࡢຠᯝࡣ㠀ᖖ᫬㸦኱ᆅ㟈᫬㸧࡟Ⓨືࡉࢀࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㸪ᚋ㏙ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᾘ㈝⪅ࡢከࡃࡣ㸪⪏㟈⿵ᙉ࣭ᨵಟࡣࢥࢫࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࣜࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡣࣂ࣮ࣜࣗ࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬♫఍඲య࡜ࡋ࡚㜵⅏ຊࢆྥୖࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪௦⾲ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡟஦ᴗ⥅⥆ィ⏬(BCP)ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬Ẹ㛫࡜ᕷሙࡢຊࢆά࠿ࡋࡓ㜵⅏ຊྥୖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᑓ㛛ㄪᰝ఍㸦୰ኸ㜵⅏఍㆟࡟ 2003 ᖺ 9 ᭶タ⨨㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ྲྀࡾࡲ࡜ࡵࡓẸ㛫࡜ᕷሙࡢຊࢆά࠿ࡋࡓ㜵⅏ᡓ␎ࡢᇶᮏⓗᥦゝ㸦2004 ᖺ 10 ᭶㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪BCP ⟇ᐃࡢ㔜せᛶࡀ┒ࡾ㎸ࡲࢀࡓࡇ࡜࡟⏤᮶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ෆ㛶ᗓࠕ⅏ᐖ⿕ᐖࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿᅜẸ㐠ືࠖ 8) ࡛ࡣ㸪ྛಶேࡸᆅᇦࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪⮬ࡽࡢ⏕࿨࣭㈈⏘ࡸᆅᇦࡢᬽࡽࡋࢆᏲࡿࡓࡵࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ㐍ࡵ㸪♫఍඲యࡢ㜵⅏ຊࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪㐠ືࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬᪥ᮏᨻ⟇ᢞ㈨㖟⾜ 9)ࡣ㸪㜵⅏ཬࡧ஦ᴗ⥅⥆ᑐ⟇࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢඃࢀࡓ௻ᴗࢆ⊂⮬࡟ホ౯࣭㑅ᐃࡋ㸪ࡑࡢホ౯࡟ᛂࡌ࡚⼥㈨᮲௳ࢆタᐃࡍࡿ BCM ᱁௜⼥㈨ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿ㸬 ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀ᥎㐍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୍᪉㸪ࠕ㜵⅏ࠖࡣࢥࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡢㄆ㆑ࡀ㸪஦ᴗ⪅࣭ᾘ㈝⪅཮᪉࡟౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚ᙉࡃᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㜵⅏ᑐ⟇ࡣ㸪ᇶᮏⓗ࡟㠀ᖖ᫬࡟ࡑࡢ౯್ࡀⓎືࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪᪥ᖖ᫬ࡢ౯್ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᚲࡎࡋࡶ┤⤖ࡋ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ඛ㏙ࡢ BCM
᱁௜⼥㈨ࡣ㸪㜵⅏ᑐ⟇ࡸ BCP ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ᪥ᖖ᫬ࡢ౯್࡜ࡋ࡚ホ౯ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿ㸧㸬ࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪ࡑࡢ౯್ࡀⓎືࡍࡿ㢖ᗘࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ప࠸㸬యຊࡢ࠶ࡿ኱௻ᴗࡸ୍㒊ࡢ㜵⅏ព㆑ࡢ㧗࠸ேࡣᐇ᪋ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪୰ᑠ௻ᴗࡸ♫఍ࡢከࡃࡢே㐩ࡀཧຍࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ᒎ㛤ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ㸪ᮏ㉁ⓗ࡞ᅔ㞴ࡉࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ୍᪉㸪ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᅔ㞴ࢆᡴ◚ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪㜵⅏ࢆࣅࢪࢿࢫ໬㸦஦ᴗ໬㸧ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㜵⅏ࢆࣅࢪࢿࢫ໬ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪㜵⅏ࢆࢥࢫࢺ࠿ࡽࣂ࣮ࣜࣗ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟௚࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸬┠㯮ࡣ㸪2008 ᖺ࡟㜵⅏ࣅࢪࢿࢫࡢ๰㐀࡜⫱ᡂࡢࡓࡵࡢ◊✲఍ࢆタ⨨ࡋ࡚௨㝆㸪㜵⅏ࣅࢪࢿࢫࢆయ⣔໬ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ୍㈏ࡋ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㜵⅏ࢆࣅࢪࢿࢫ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᣢ⥆ⓗ࡞౯್ᥦ౪ࡢ௙⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ᒎ㛤ྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡿ㸬➹⪅ࡽࡣࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ㜵⅏ࢆࣅࢪࢿࢫ໬ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉࡟ᙉࡃ㈶ྠࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢᴫᛕࢆල⌧໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ୰࡛ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࢆⓎ᱌ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ  ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜရ ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡜ࡣ బ⸨ࡣ㸪2014 ᖺ࡟㜵⅏࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ᴫᛕ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࠖࢆᥦၐࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࢆ᪥ᖖ᫬࡟฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡍ࡭࡚ࡢၟရ࠾ࡼࡧࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡀᣢࡘ࡭ࡁ㠀ᖖ᫬࡟ᙺ❧ࡘ௜ຍ౯್࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⾲⌧ࡋࡓ㸬ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡜ࡣ㸪ࠕ᪥ᖖ᫬ࡸ㠀ᖖ᫬࡞࡝ࡢ♫఍ࡢ≧ែ࡟㛵ࢃࡽࡎ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡢ≧ἣୗ࡟᪊࠸࡚ࡶ㸪㐺ษ࡞⏕άࡢ㉁ࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿୖ࡛ᨭ㞀࡜࡞ࡿ≀⌮ⓗ࡞㞀ᐖࡸ⢭⚄ⓗ࡞㞀ቨࢆྲྀࡾ㝖ࡃࡓࡵࡢ᪋⟇㸪࠾ࡼࡧࡑࢀࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿᴫᛕ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ㸬 ၟရࡸࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡟ල⌧໬ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪᪥ᖖ᫬ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㠀ᖖ᫬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ᭷ຠ࡟฼⏝ࡉࢀ㸪ࡶࡗ࡚♫఍ⓗ⬤ᙅᛶࢆゎᾘࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ⪃࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡿ㸬᪥ᖖ᫬࡛ࡶ㠀ᖖ᫬࡛ࡶ᭷ຠ࡟฼⏝࡛ࡁࡿၟရ㸦ࣉࣟࢲࢡࢶ㸧㸪ᙺົ㸦ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ㸧㸪࠾ࡼࡧࡑࢀࡽࡀᐇ⌧ࡍࡿ౯್ࡀ♫఍࡟ᥦ౪ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ㸪ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡞ၟရࡣ㸪᪥⏝ရࡀ᭷ࡍࡿ᪥ᖖ᫬ࡢ௜ຍ౯್࡜㸪㜵⅏⏝ရࡀ᭷ࡍࡿ㠀ᖖ᫬ࡢ௜ຍ౯್ࢆྜࢃࡏᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅗ 㸧㸬 㜵⅏⏝ရ࣭ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡣ㸪ᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪㠀ᖖ᫬࡟౯್ࡀᥦ౪ࡉࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡞ၟရ࣭ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡣ㸪᪥ᖖ᫬࠿ࡽ㠀ᖖ᫬ࡲ࡛ᖖ࡟㧗࠸ QOL ࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ㸬㠀ᖖ᫬ࡢ QOL ࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪᪥ᖖ᫬ࡢ QOL ࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿⅬ࡟኱ࡁ࡞≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࣂࣜ࢔ࣇ࣮ࣜࡀ㧗㱋⪅ࡸ㞀ᐖ⪅࡞࡝ࡢせ᥼ㆤ⪅࡬ࡢ✵㛫ⓗ࡞⮬⏤ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࡣ඲࡚ࡢே࡬ࡢ᫬㛫ⓗ࡞⮬⏤ࢆᥦ᱌ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬2䠉㻌㻝㻝㻠㻌䠉ᅗ  ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡜ᚑ᮶ࡢၟရ࣭ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᫬㛫࡜⏕άࡢ㉁ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᴫᛕᅗ㸱㸬ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࡢ㸳ࡘࡢཎ๎ ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪➹⪅ࡽࡣୗグࡢ 5ࡘࡢཎ๎ࢆᐃࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ୰࡛≉࡟Ḟ࠿ࡏ࡞⪃࠼᪉ࡣࠕᖖάᛶࠖ࡜ࠕ᪥ᖖᛶࠖࡢ㸰ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬᪥ᖖ᫬࡜㠀ᖖ᫬࡜ࡶ࡟ᛌ㐺࡟ά⏝࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪᪥ᖖࡢ౯್ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟㔜Ⅼࢆ⨨࠸࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢⅬࡀ㠀ᖖ᫬࡛ࡢ฼⏝ࢆ୺࡟⪃࠼ࡿ㜵⅏ࢢࢵࢬ࡜ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞㐪࠸࡛࠶ࡿ㸬  ᖖάᛶ㸸᪥ᖖ᫬ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪㠀ᖖ᫬࡟ࡶᛌ㐺࡟ά⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ  ᪥ᖖᛶ㸸᪥ᖖࡢᬽࡽࡋࡢ୰࡛㸪ࡑࡢၟရࡸࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆᚰᆅࡼࡃά⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ  ┤ឤᛶ㸸౑⏝᪉ἲࡸᾘ⪖࣭஺᥮᫬ᮇ࡞࡝ࡀศ࠿ࡾࡸࡍࡃ㸪ㄡ࡟ࡶ౑࠸ࡸࡍࡃ฼⏝ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࠋ  ゐⓎᛶ㸸ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡞ၟရ࣭ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚㸪ከࡃࡢே࡟Ᏻ඲ࡸᏳᚰ࡟㛵ࡍࡿព㆑ࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࠋ  ᬑཬᛶ㸸Ᏻᚰ࡛ᛌ㐺࡞♫఍ࢆࡘࡃࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ㄡ࡛ࡶẼ㍍࡟ά⏝࣭ཧຍ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ㸲㸬ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡞ၟရ࣭ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡜ࡣ࿧⛠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࡢᴫᛕ࡟ྜ⮴ࡋࡓၟရࡸࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡣୡࡢ୰࡟ᩘከࡃᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬౛࠼ࡤPHV㌴ࡣ㸪᪥ᖖ᫬ࡢ⤒῭ᛶࡸ⎔ቃᛶ࡜㸪㠀ᖖ᫬࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㟁※౪⤥ࢆවࡡഛ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺࡣ㠀ᖖ᫬࡟㢌㒊ࢆᏲࡿ〇ရ࡜ࡋ୍࡚⯡ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪㏻ᖖࡢ〇ရࡣ኱ࡁࡃ࡚࠿ࡉࡤࡿࡓࡵ㸪಴ᗜࡸ≀⨨࡟ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡲࡲ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡚㸪࠸ࡊ࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡁ࡟౑࠼࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㉳ࡇࡾ࠼ࡿ㸬࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺࡀ᳜ᮌ㖊࡜ࡋ࡚౑⏝࡛ࡁࢀࡤ࡝࠺࠿㸬᳜ᮌ㖊࡛࠶ࢀࡤࣜࣅࣥࢢ࡞࡝ࡢ᪥ᖖ✵㛫࡟⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸࡚ࡶఱࡢ㐪࿴ឤࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪࠸ࡊ࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡁ࡟ᐜ᫆࡟ᡭ࡟ྲྀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿ㸬 ♫఍ࡢ⮳ࡿᡤ࡟ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡞ၟရࡸࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡀ㸪ࣅࣝࢺ࢖ࣥࡉࢀࡿ♫఍ࢆ➹⪅ࡽࡣክ᝿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡜ࡣ㸪᪂ࡓ࡞౯್ほࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᴫᛕࢆ⌮ゎࡍࢀࡤㄡࡶࡀཧຍྍ⬟࡛㸪࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆ๰Ⓨࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᙉࡃᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟♫఍඲య࡟㛫ཱྀࢆᗈࡆࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ࢺࢵࣉ࢜ࣈࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࡀᐇ⌧ࡋ㸪ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡞♫఍ࡀᵓ⠏ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ィ⏬࡟ࠕࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࡢ◊✲ཬࡧၨⓎࠖࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟┒ࡾ㎸ࡳ㸪ᕷ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࢆ◊✲ࡋ㸪ࢯࣇࢺ㠃ࡢ㜵⅏ᑐ⟇࡟ά⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⾲᫂ࡋࡓ㸬ᘓ⠏ࡢศ㔝࡛ࡣ㸪≉ᐃ㠀Ⴀ฼άືἲேࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜᘓ⠏༠఍ ࡟ࡼࡿࠕ➨㸯ᅇࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜఫᏯࢹࢨ࢖ࣥࢥࣥ࣌ࠖࡀ㛤ദࡉࢀ㸪Ꮫ⏕࠿ࡽࣉࣟࡢᘓ⠏ᐙࡲ࡛ከࡃࡢసရᛂເࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ᴫᛕࢆᥦၐࡋ࡚࠿ࡽᵝࠎ࡞ᴗ⏺࠿ࡽࡢၥ࠸ྜࢃࡏࡀከᩘᐤࡏࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࢆල⌧໬ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࡟ࡣ㸪ㄡࡶࡀཧຍࡋࡸࡍ࠸㸪ཧຍࡋࡓࡃ࡞ࡿຊࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᙉࡃᐇឤࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬⌧ᅾ㸪ලయⓗ࡞஦౛ࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿ࣮࢟ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢧ࢖ࢺ
ࡸ(&ࢧ࢖ࢺ  ࢆ㏻ࡋࡓᬑཬᒎ㛤ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㜵⅏࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ᴫᛕ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࡢ࿘▱ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᡤᏑ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⮬↛⅏ᐖ኱ᅜ᪥ᮏ࠿ࡽ㸪ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࢆୡ⏺࡟Ⓨಙࡍࡿព⩏ࡣ㸪㠀ᖖ࡟኱ࡁ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜ࢜ࣇ࢕ࢩࣕࣝࢧ࢖ࢺ
KWWSVSKDVHIUHHRUJ ၟᶆⓏ㘓 ༊ศ➨  ྕ㸪 ༊ศ➨  ྕࢫ࣌ࣛࢹ࢕࢘ࢫᰴᘧ఍♫㸸ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺ㸤࢞࢖ࢻࣈࢵࢡ㸪ᆅ㟈࢖ࢶࣔࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ⦅㸸ᆅ㟈࢖ࢶࣔࣀ࣮ࢺ㸪࣏ࣉࣛ♫㸪ᮾி㒔⥲ົᒁ⥲ྜ㜵⅏㒊㜵⅏⟶⌮ㄢ㸸ᮾி㜵⅏㸪▮Ᏺඞஓ㸸ࠑ⏕ά㜵⅏ࠒࡢࡍࡍࡵ㸪ࢼ࢝ࢽࢩࣖฟ∧㸪≉ᐃ㠀Ⴀ฼άືἲேࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗࢫࢺࢵࢡ࣮ࣖࢻ㸸࠸ࡢࡕࢆࡲࡶࡿᬛᜨῶ⅏࡟ᣮࡴ  ࡢ㢼ᬒ㸪ෆ㛶ᗓ㸸⅏ᐖ⿕ᐖࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿᅜẸ㐠ື
KWWSZZZERXVDLJRMSN\RLNXNHLJHQ ᪥ᮏᨻ⟇ᢞ㈨㖟⾜㸸'%-%&0 ᱁௜⼥㈨
KWWSZZZGEMMSVHUYLFHILQDQFHULVNBPDQDJH  㬆㛛ᕷ㸸㬆㛛ᕷᆅᇦ㜵⅏ィ⏬࣭Ỉ㜵ィ⏬ಟṇࡢᴫせ㸪 ≉ᐃ㠀Ⴀ฼άືἲேࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜᘓ⠏༠఍
KWWSSKDVHIUHHDRUMS  ࣮࢟ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢧ࢖ࢺࠕ࢖ࢶࣔࣀࠖ
KWWSVLWVXPRQRSKDVHIUHHMS  (& ࢧ࢖ࢺࠕࣁࢥࣈࢿࠖKWWSVKDFREXQHSKDVHIUHHMS 㸳㸬࠾ࢃࡾ࡟ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ㸪᪂ࡋ࠸㜵⅏࡟㛵ࢃࡿᴫᛕࠕࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࠖࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࡓ㸬ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࣇ࣮ࣜࡢᴫᛕ࡟㈶ྠࡍࡿືࡁࡀ㸪᪤࡟ከ᪉㠃࡛ᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㜵⅏ࡢศ㔝࡛ࡣ㸪㬆㛛ᕷ  ࡣ㸪඲ᅜ࡛ึࡵ࡚ᆅᇦ㜵⅏3䠉㻌㻝㻝㻡㻌䠉