Industry Focus

2022 年全球電動車銷售與鎖固技術前線

Global EV Sales
for 2022 & EV
Fastening on theFront Line
Global Sales Growth was Slower in 2022 But Remained HighElectric vehicles mainly include pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids. Global EV sales (Figure 1) grew from 2.276 million vehicles
in 2019 (up 9%) before the pandemic, went on to 3.244 million vehicles in 2020 (up 43%), then doubled to 6.768 million vehicles in 2021 (up109%), and jumped to 10.522 million vehicles in 2022 (up 55%) approaching the end of the pandemic.
In terms of EV market share in global vehicle sales, from 2019 to 2022, the EV share went from 2.5% to 4.2%, 8.3% and 13% respectively.
Here we can tell that EV sales doubled during the pandemic years. Although the market share growth slowed down to 56% in 2022, it stillshows the strength of the demand for electric vehicles.

Astounding EV Demand in China Regardless of Economic Crises
As shown in Figure 2, European EV sales
surged 151% in 2020. Then, the growth began toslow down, dropping to 66% in 2021 and only 15%
in 2022, mainly because the war between Russia
and Ukraine exacerbated parts shortage at the time.
China’s EV sales soared 155% in 2021, then thegrowth slowed to 82% in 2022. However, China'sastounding demand for EVs is evident in the factthat China's sales in 2022 were 2.3 times higher
than Europe's and 5.5 times higher than the U.S.
and Canada's. The U.S. grew just 11% in 2020, thenaccelerated to 111% growth in 2021 and slowed to48% growth in 2022.

China Fastener World no.68/2023

Norway and Indonesia Show Strong
Potential for EVs
Other regions’ EV sales (Figure 2) grew 161%
from the beginning to the end of the pandemic.
Notably, Norway's domestic EV market share
was high at 78%. It was 27% for China, 20% forEurope, and 7% for the US. In terms of growthrate, Indonesia grew the fastest, up 10 times to10,000 vehicles; India grew twice as fast to 50,000vehicles; New Zealand grew 1.5 times as fast to23,000 vehicles.

Most Global Automakers Achieved
Double-Digit Sales Growth
In terms of EV sales by major carmakers in2022 (Figure 3), BYD was up 211% to 1.85 millionvehicles, followed by Tesla with a 40% growth to124

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The rest of carmakers included BMW, up 32% to 450,000 vehicles, Geely up
251% to 350,000 vehicles, Changan Automobile, up 134% to 250,000 vehicles, Fordup 55% to 200,000 vehicles, and Nio up 33% to 150,000 vehicles. Global EV sales
continued to grow throughout 2022, with the exception of Great Wall Motor which
dropped 4 percent and Toyota which dropped 13 percent.

BYD Taking up Most of the Top 10 Chart and Eyeing Tesla
In terms of EV models (Figure 4) , Tesla and BYD series are arguably the mostsought-after vehicles in the world. Tesla's Model Y and Model 3 are the top two in
the 10 most popular EV models. Model Y sales grew from 410,000 vehicles in 2020
to 770,000 vehicles worldwide, while Model 3 sales dropped from 500,000 vehicles
to 470,000. Adding these two models together, Tesla's sales increased from 910,000
vehicles in 2020 to 1.24 million vehicles in 2022, a 36% increase.
BYD is Tesla's biggest rival, with as many as six models in the top 10, accounting
for more than half of the rankings. Adding up the global sales of the six models in2022, the total reached 1.28 million vehicles, up 178 percent and exceeded Tesla'stotal. BYD's growth rate in the past year was nearly 5 times that of Tesla!

Future EV Demand is Still Growing
China rolled out multiple incentive policies in 2022 that stimulated EV sales
to grow 82%. Europe, the second largest EV market, has been hit by geopolitics
and seen its growth shrink significantly. In the U.S., EV sales were up 48% due tosubsidies for vehicle owners and the rollout of consumer-preferred vehicle models.

Based on the data by several market
research firms, global EV sales are expected
to grow about 30 percent to 14 million vehicles
by 2023. Although global EV sales are expected
to grow at a slower rate this year than in thepast two years, they still make a significant
momentum for growth. If political tensions inEurope subside, and if countries make efforts
to reduce inflationary pressures, the potential
for EV demand is still worth looking forward
to.

EV Fastening on the Front LineThe differences between electric and fuelvehicles have changed the design of automotive
f a s t e n e r s. In s t e a d o f u s in g t r a di t i o n altransmissions, EVs use motors with electronic
controllers, increasing the need for circuitboards. These circuit boards are often set intoa light aluminum casting, which require microscrews for fastening. These thread-forming
screws must deliver performance in a miniaturized
setting to replace welding, gluing and clipping.
Some threaded self-forming screws also have thefunction of heat sinks and are vibration resistant.
Carmakers have adopted boron steel as acore material for lightweighting vehicle bodies,
allowing for thinner and stronger materials.
It requires corresponding technology
to bond alloys to car bodies. Some
carmakers have signed confidentiality
agreements with fastener suppliers toprovide fasteners for the assembly ofpower electronics systems (including
circuit boards, electrical contacts, DC
adaptors, HV/LV filters, battery packs,
on-board charger circuit boards, sealing
covers for internal cooling device andhousing covers). It is wor t h not ing
that the use of recycled plastics isemerging among carmakers, and theperformance design of corresponding
fasteners has changed due to thedifferent material combinations fromthe original ones.
A f i na l poi nt of i nterest is t hecharging station for EVs. A home wallmounted EV charging station uses about
50 fastening elements. If the charging
station is mounted to a wooden wall,
wood screws or drywall anchors areoften used. If installed on a concretewall, expansion anchors, cement screw
or chemical anchors would be used. If
the station is installed outdoors, stainlesssteel screws or coated screws are used.
The need for fasteners that will comewith charging stations should not beoverlooked.
by Dean Tseng, Fastener World
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China Fastener World no.68/2023

1.3 million vehicles, VW Group in the third place with a 10% growth to 850,000
vehicles, GM Wuling in the fourth place with a 13% growth to 600,000 vehicles,
and Stellantis in the fifth place with a 34% growth to 500,000 vehicles, followed byHyundai by a small gap.