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Prepared for the Department of
H o u s i n g a n d Wo r k s
G o v e r n m e n t o f We s t e r n A u s t r a l i a

J U LY 2 0 0 30230.647.DHW -GG

The Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct Master Plan was considered by the
Cabinet of the Western Australian Government on the 5th of May 2004 at
which is resolved to endorse the future use and development strategies andmanagement model recommended in the Fremantle Prison Master Plan
except the removal of the accretions (razor wire) and the renaming of thePrecinct.

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CONTENTS
Project TeamI

Acknowledgements

II

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYV

1.0

BACKGROUND

1.1
1.2

INTRODUCTIONROLE OF THE FREMANTLE PRISON HERITAGE PRECINCTMASTER PLAN
PLANNING HISTORY
1.3.1 Completed Studies used as a basis for the preparation of this
Master Plan

1

PLANNING FRAMEWORK
1.4.1 Urban Context

4
4

1.4.2 Metropolitan Planning Framework5

1.4.3 Cultural Heritage Significance

5

1.5
1.6

AREA COVERED BY THE MASTER PLAN
METHODOLOGY
1.6.1 Consultation and Communication

6
7
8

2.0

CONTEXT AND ANALYSIS

2.1

FUTURE ROLE OF THE PRECINCT
2.1.1 International and National Context

13
13

2.1.2 Metropolitan and Regional Context

13

2.1.3 Local Context

13

HISTORY OF THE SITECONSERVATION AND INTERPRETATION
2.3.1 Links and Layers

14
14
15

2.3.2 Significant Buildings

16

2.3.3 Significant Spaces

17

2.3.4 Significant Landscape Elements

18

2.3.5 Site Features

18

COMMUNITY ASPIRATIONSTOURISMSUSTAINABILITY
INTEGRATION AND ACCESS

19
19
20
21

1.3

1.4

2.2
2.3

2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7

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2.7.1 Accessibility

21

2.7.2 Fairbairn Street Ramp

22

2.7.3 Permeability

22

2.7.4 Legibility

23

2.8

FUTURE USES AND DEVELOPMENT
2.8.1 Opportunities

24
24

2.9

OWNERSHIP & MANAGEMENT

27

3.0

STRATEGIC VISION

3.1

VISION FOR THE FREMANTLE PRISON HERITAGE PRECINCT
3.1.1 Strategic Objectives

31
31

3.2

DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK
3.2.1 Site Capacity32
32

3.2.2 Conservation

32

3.2.3 Compatible Uses

32

3.2.4 Visitors

33

3.2.5 Integration

35

3.2.6 Partnerships

35

3.2.7 New Development

35

4.0

ZONE GUIDING PRINCIPLES

4.1

DEFINITION OF ZONES

37

4.2

PURPOSE OF ZONE GUIDELINES

39

4.3

ZONE A
Gatehouse and Entry Complex

4.4

ZONE B
Forecourt of the Main Cell Block

4.5

48

ZONE D
Female Division and West Workshops

4.7

54

ZONE F
Hospital

4.9

51

ZONE ENew Division

4.8

44

ZONE C
Main Cell Block

4.6

40

57

ZONE G
Perimeter Walls

60

4.10 ZONE H

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Hampton Road Reserve63

4.11 ZONE I
East Reservoir & East Terrace

66

4.12 ZONE J
Pumping Station and Tunnels

69

4.13 ZONE K
East Workshops

72

4.14 ZONE LSouthern End of Main Cell Block75

4.15 ZONE M
Development Zone78

4.16 ZONE N
South Knoll80

4.17 ZONE P
Development Zone82

4.18 ZONE Q
The Terrace84

4.19 ZONE R
Fairbairn Street Ramp

89

4.20 ZONE S
Warders’ Cottages

92

4.21 ZONE O - OTHER AREAS
The Knowle

94

Fremantle Oval

94

Fothergill Street

94

Parry Street Car Park

95

Knutsford Street

95

5.0

IMPLEMENTATION AND PHASING

5.1

ONGOING REVIEW OF THE MASTER PLAN

97

5.2

MANAGEMENT AND OWNERSHIP

97

5.3

COST OF IMPLEMENTATION AND POTENTIAL FOR REVENUE

99

5.3.1 Indicative Budget Costs

100

5.3.2 Potential Revenue Sources

100

IMPLEMENTATION TASKS AND TIMEFRAMES

104

5.4

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5.4.1 Determination of Priorities

104

5.4.2 Conflicting Policy Objectives

105

5.4.3 Ongoing Consultation

105

5.4.4 Implementation Tasks

105

Zone A

106

Zone B

106

Zone C

107

Zone D108

Zone E109

Zone F

110

Zone G

110

Zone H111

Zone I111

Zone J

112

Zone K112

Zone L

113

Zone M

114

Zone N

114

Zone P

114

Zone Q

115

Zone R

118

Zone S

118

APPENDIX A:BIBLIOGRAPHYI

APPENDIX B: GLOSSARY OF TERMSIII

APPENDIX C: PEOPLE WHO PROVIDED COMMENT ON THE DRAFT MASTER PLANIV

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARYBACKGROUND
The Master Plan for the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is the initiative of the
Minister of Works. It was commissioned in recognition of the critical situation facing
the Precinct. The findings of the Master Plan clearly show that the Precinct faces
an uncertain future unless it can receive sufficient financial support to deal withthe urgent maintenance backlog and to undertake new initiatives which promotesustainability.
It is imperative that the Government act on the findings of the Master Plan, whichhave been solidly based on community and expert views. It is no longer an option
to do nothing, as the lack of investment in the Precinct over the last decade, has
led to a critical situation where the building fabric is rapidly deteriorating and theremarkable potential of the Precinct is unrealised.

VALUE
Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is a heritage icon with exceptional cultural
heritage significance at state, national and international levels. It is the most intactof all Australian convict sites - the most evocative and widespread set of convict
transportation sites in the world.
Built in the 1850s, as the heart of the Fremantle Convict Establishment, it wasin continuous use as a colonial and then state prison until decommissioned in1991. Opened to the public as a heritage site in January 1992, its new purpose
was formally recognised by the vesting of the site, in the Minister for Works, for the
purpose of heritage conservation.
As the custodian of the site, the State Government has accepted significant
responsibilities for the maintenance and sustainable development of the site, inparticular its responsibilities for the care of the site under the Heritage of Western
Australia Act 1990. It has also inherited considerable opportunities to promote anddemonstrate the value of the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct as a heritage icon
and as a model for heritage conservation management.
With current visitor numbers at approximately 112,000 per annum, growth at thePrecinct continues, despite difficulties in the international and interstate tourism
markets for Western Australia and a significant lack of invested capital. The Precinct
has an important role to play in the development and expansion of tourism inWestern Australia, and a substantial base on which to build.

FIRST STEPS
Initiatives that have the benefits of generating revenue, as well as providing
considerable economic and social flow-ons to the remainder of the Precinct’s
activities, will be important first steps. This Master Plan calls for investment of$3.327 million in seed capital to enable the early development of:•

the Gatehouse and Entry Complex (Zone A) as an active and vibrant centre forvisitors, tourism and cultural heritage services.

•

the Forecourt (Zone B) as the primary open space of the Precinct, providing
an impressive setting for special events and a unique spatial experience forvisitors.

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the Tunnels (Zone J) as the venue for the exciting and marketable
underground adventure/heritage tours.

Visitor attraction will provide the basis and driving force of economic sustainability for
the Precinct. The Tunnels experience is forecast to generate an operating surplus of$429,000 per annum. This represents a significant return on the initial investment.
By 2010, tours of the Precinct are projected to net an annual surplus of $905,000 to$1,625,000. There is also considerable scope to develop the economic potential of
special event, conference and exhibition tourism.
The Master Plan has identified the urgent maintenance needs of the Precinct, anddeveloped a prioritised program of works valued at $2.289 million that will address
the backlog of maintenance works. In recognition of this pressing need, thegovernment has set aside $1.314 million over two years, commencing in 2004/05.
The balance of the program needs to be funded to ensure that the significant fabric is
saved from further deterioration and that escalating maintenance costs are avoided.

VISION
The Master Plan provides an integrated framework that will realise the potential of
the Precinct to:•

be Western Australia’s premier heritage precinct and a heritage icon to thepeople of Western Australia.

•

provide a lasting legacy for the people of Australia and greatly enrich thecultural life of the state and nation by conserving and interpreting the mostintact convict era site in Australia.

•

be one of Western Australia’s premier destinations for tourism, cultural andeducational activities.

•

be a highly sought after location for a variety of uses, enhancing the vitality ofthe metropolitan and local area.

•

be a model for the care and management of exceptionally significant heritage
properties in Australia.

Achieving these aims requires the investment of both economic and intellectual
capital by the Government, as the custodians of the site. It is envisaged that
increased revenue growth through the core business of visitor attraction and otheractivities will enable the operational sustainability of the Precinct.

PARTNERSHIPS
Government investment in the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct, will create
an environment for the development of a range of partnerships on a number oflevels. Other government agencies which could be involved in these partnership
opportunities include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

II

Tourism and Small BusinessCommunity Development
Education and Training
Culture and the Arts
Heritage
Justice
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At the site level, partnership potentials with government and non government
agencies include sponsorship of the tunnel experience by the mining sector, private
sector sponsorships for exhibitions, presentations and performances, grants forresearch initiatives and partnerships in creative production and education.
Locally, opportunities for community and private sector involvement will progress theintegration of the Precinct with the local urban framework. The benefits of this are
immeasurable and can be demonstrated by the success of the Fremantle Museum
and Arts Centre. The recommendations contained within the Master Plan should
achieve these outcomes.
Regionally, partnership with the new Maritime Museum and the seven other local
museums, should be considered to boost visitor numbers and investment inFremantle. Investment in the Precinct as a world class tourist facility would clearlybe an act of support for the Maritime Museum and for Fremantle as an important
cultural heritage tourism destination.

POTENTIAL
The Master Plan, and the process by which it was formulated, has resulted in aconsiderable opportunity to change current site management and development
practices via:•

improved awareness of the significance of the site and the opportunities it
presents.

•

renaming the Precinct to acknowledge its historical significance as an intact
convict-era site.

•

promotion of new educational and business ventures.

•

identification of short and long-term revenue sources.

•considered cost estimates for the conservation of the building fabric andimprovement of infrastructure in a prioritised manner.

•

management structures to ensure the site receives the best possible advice
and support.

•

identification of a clear vision for the future of the site that all parties canwork towards.

It is anticipated that, if the recommendations of the Master Plan are adopted andimplemented, these changes will consolidate the importance of the Precinct,
continue the momentum of interest generated by the Master Plan process, and begin
to realise the potential of the remarkable Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct.

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1.0 BACKGROUND
1.1

INTRODUCTION

Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is a state government asset vested in
the Minister for Works and managed and operated by the Western Australian
Department of Housing and Works.
Following the decommissioning of Fremantle Prison in November 1991, theFremantle Prison Heritage Precinct was opened as a heritage site in January
1992. An advisory body, the Fremantle Prison Trust Committee was establishedat this time to provide advice to the Minister in relation to conservation andinterpretation, attracting visitors and compatible uses, promotion of the precinct as
an educational resource and integration into Fremantle. A program of conservationand presentation was put in place and sections of the precinct leased to both private
sector and government agencies for a variety of uses. Over the last ten years
Fremantle Prison has become a recognised tourist destination attracting a wide
range of visitors.
Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is a heritage icon with an exceptional level ofcultural heritage significance at state, national and international levels. It remains themost intact establishment built for the British Imperial Convict system in Australia.
This Master Plan looks to the future and defines the objectives, role and function for
the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct for the next 10 to 15 years.

1.2

ROLE OF THE FREMANTLE PRISON HERITAGE
PRECINCT MASTER PLAN

The Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct Master Plan project was initiated by theState Government in recognition of the precinct’s status as a cultural heritage icon ofstate, national and international importance and to guide its future use.
The Master Plan has been prepared to provide an integrated framework that canbe used to guide and set realistic priorities for future use and development of the
precinct, including conservation, interpretation, commercial enterprise, tourism,
landscape and maintenance. The consideration and analysis of key issues andopportunities for the precinct in tandem with an understanding of the physical fabricof the place has informed the strategic vision for the precinct. Guidelines for theachieving the objectives of the Master Plan have been prepared on the basis of clear
and consistent zones within the precinct and recommendations for implementationand phasing presented.
The fundamental principle guiding the Master Plan is that Fremantle Prison Heritage
Precinct must have a sustainable future, balancing a variety of compatible uses andrealising its potential to generate revenue that can contribute to the conservation anddevelopment of the site into the future.

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1.3

PLANNING HISTORYIn 1992, James Semple Kerr was commissioned by the Building Management
Authority of Western Australia to prepare Fremantle Prison – A policy for its
conservation. This document was revised in 1998 and has since formed the basis forconservation planning and use of the precinct. In 2000, Palassis Architects preparedFremantle Prison – Zones of significance for the Department of Contract andManagement Services. These documents, which guide the conservation and use of
the place, have informed the preparation of this Master Plan.
The conservation planning for the site over the last ten years is recognised Australia
wide as best practice.

1.3.1 Completed Studies used as a basis for the preparation of this
Master Plan
A wealth of research and documentation dating from the mid 1970s was utilised to
inform this Master Plan. The key documents and reports are listed below, while awider range of literature used in the development of the Master Plan are listed in the
Bibliography (Appendix A).
Australian Convict Sites, Nomination by the Government of Australia for Inscription
on the World Heritage List (1999)
Fremantle City Centre Urban Design Strategy (1996)
Fremantle Prison Aboriginal Commemorative Memorial Project (1999)
Fremantle Prison: Access Report – Final Report (2000)
Fremantle Prison: Anglican Chapel; Getty Grant Investigation & Report (1996)
Fremantle Prison – A policy for its conservation (2nd Edition 1998)
Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; Conservation Plan (1990)
Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; Female Division (1990)
Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; Hospital (1990)
Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; Main Cell Block (1990)
Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; New Division (1990)
Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; Site: Water, Walls & Yards (1990)
Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; The Terrace Buildings (1990)
Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; Urban Integration Strategy (1991)
Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; Working Paper On Future Uses
(1992)
Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; Workshops (1990)
Fremantle Prison: Draft Conservation and Management Plan (1998)
Fremantle Prison Interpretation Policy (2001)
Fremantle Prison: Landscape Conservation Policy & Development Guidelines (1996)
Fremantle Prison ‘Living Museum Project’: Preliminary Report on Options for theDevelopment of Fremantle Prison (1999)
Fremantle Prison: Master Plan Study; The Terrace (1997)

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Fremantle Prison Nomenclature (2000)
Fremantle Prison Notes of a visit of 22-25 May 1989 (1989)
Fremantle Prison: Strategic Maintenance Plan 2001/02 – 2006/07, Funding
Requirements & Implications (2000)
Fremantle Prison: Zones of Significance, A Revised Assessment of Levels ofCultural Heritage Significance (2000)
Interpretation and Development Options for Fremantle Prison (1999)
Limestone Conservation Study (1993)
No. 8 The Terrace, Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; Report On
Egress (1997)
Report on Historical Archaeological Investigations: Terrace House and Gardens
Project, Fremantle Prison (1998)
Report on the Effectiveness of the 1997 Render Investigation and Façade Reconstruction at the Gatehouse, Fremantle Prison (1999)
The Fremantle Prison: A Report on its Past, Present & Future (1975)
The Stable At The Terrace: Fremantle Prison Conservation Plan (1999)
4 Division Mural, Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use; Proposal For
Protective Canopy (1997)
5 Year Strategic Plan (1997)

Figure 1.1

View of The Terrace, 1921
(Courtesy Battye Library)

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1.4

PLANNING FRAMEWORK

1.4.1

Urban Context

Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is located approximately 16km south-west of
the Perth CBD. It is situated within the City of Fremantle, the port city of Perth andone of Perth’s major regional centres. The site is in close proximity to a number ofFremantle’s landmark buildings/facilities including:•Fremantle Oval, Fremantle Markets and Fremantle Town Centre to the west•

Fremantle Hospital to the south•

Fremantle Arts Centre (the former Lunatic Asylum) to the north•

Monument Hill to the north-east.

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Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct in its urban context

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1.4.2

Metropolitan Planning Framework

While Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct sits within the City of Fremantle (the City)
local government area, and must therefore be considered within the context of theCity’s Planning Scheme and Policies, it is also reserved under the Metropolitan
Region Scheme.
In accordance with City’s Town Planning Scheme No.3, the Fremantle Prison
Heritage Precinct is classified as ‘Civic and Cultural’ under the Metropolitan Region
Scheme. Under the City’s draft plan for the future (Fremantle in the year 2000)
the desirable uses within the prison complex are: “City – within – a city” – buildings
retained and used for accommodation, production, retailing and entertainment.

1.4.3

Cultural Heritage SignificanceThe exceptional cultural heritage significance of the Fremantle Prison Heritage
Precinct has been well recognised by its inclusion in several heritage registers. These
include the following registers:•

Register of the National Estate – Australian Heritage Commission (23/03/
1978)

•

State Register of Heritage Places – Heritage Council of Western Australia (10/01/1992)•

Classified List – The National Trust (WA) (03/10/1960)•

Municipal Inventory of Heritage Places– City of Fremantle (22/2/00).

The owners of places on the State register are required to observe the requirementsof the Heritage of Western Australia Act, 1990 (and subsequent amendments), into
which the Register is incorporated. Any proposals concerning the precinct must be
referred to the Heritage Council of Western Australia.

Figure 1.3

The Convict Establishment Fremantle WA (Courtesy Mitchell Library)

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1Statement of SignificanceThe following statement of significance has been provided by the Heritage Councilof Western Australia from the State Register of Heritage Places (No. 1014). It isconsistent with J.S. Kerr’s Statement of Significance contained in Fremantle Prison– A policy for its conservation (1998). Fremantle Prison has exceptional cultural
heritage significance for the following reasons:it contains major evidence of the physical apparatus of an imperial convict
public works establishment and of its adaptation for subsequent colonial use:
the establishment is the most intact such complex in Australia;
the prison is the outstanding symbol of the period in which Western Australia
was developed using convict labour;
it is a memorial to the design and supervision of the royal engineers including
Jebb (surveyor general of [English] prisons), Henderson (comptroller generalof convicts), Wray (acting comptroller general), Manning (clerk of works in
the royal engineer office) and to the work of the sappers and miners, artisan
pensioners and, not least, the prisoners;
the association of the persons who left their mark in its fabric or made an
impact on its discipline and reputation; in particular the governors, Fitzgeraldand Hampton; and, superintendents Lefroy, Stone, George and Hann; as wellas the prisoners;
the prison in its present form also demonstrates with some precision thefacilities, conditions and attitudes prevailing in a major Western Australia
prison - an experience rarely available to the public and made more immediateby the retention of graffiti, murals, signs, notices and recent evidence of use;and,the austere and monumental quality of the longest and tallest cell range inAustralia set in a precinct characterised by a homogeneity of form, materials,
texture and colour make it a landmark feature of Fremantle.
J.S. Kerr (Fremantle Prison – A policy for its conservation, 1998) also states that thesignificance of the prison is reinforced by the survival of associated elements outside
the walls which helps to complete a physical understanding of the early convict
establishment.

1.5

AREA COVERED BY THE MASTER PLAN

The area covered by the Master Plan is shown in Figure 1.4. The site is bounded by
Hampton Road to the east, Fothergill Street in the south, The Terrace to the west andKnutsford Street to the north.
It should be noted that the Fairbairn Street Ramp does not fall within the precinct
boundary. However, in view of its physical and historical link to the precinct, its future
use and development has been considered as part of this Master Plan.
Other elements of the convict establishment in close proximity include the former
Warders Cottages in Henderson Street and The Knowle, situated in the Fremantle
Hospital site. Consideration has also been given to these elements.

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Figure 1.4

1.6

Area covered by Master Plan

METHODOLOGY

The Master Plan has been prepared according to the study brief prepared by the
Department of Housing and Works and the Fremantle Prison Trust. Committee. A
project steering committee was established to guide the project. The committee
comprised people with specific expertise in a range of professional disciplines andbusiness, as well as representatives from the Department of Housing and Works, thePrison Trust, the City of Fremantle and members of the local community.
While there is no established formal framework for preparation of Master Plans forheritage sites in Australia, the conservation philosophy of the Australian ICOMOS
Charter for the Conservation Of Places of Cultural Significance (the ‘Burra Charter’)as revised in 1999 has been utilised as the basis for preparation of the Master
Plan. The Australian Heritage Commission was consulted during the preparation
process and advised that the multi-disciplinary approach of the project team, inthe preparation of an integrated framework for the site, is a valuable contribution toconservation planning for large heritage sites.
The project team’s master planning process was developed to include consultation
with a wide range of experts, stakeholders and the community from the time of thecommencement of the project in May 2002, until the finalisation of the project in2003. This approach has resulted in the Master Plan being solidly based on expert
as well as community views.

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1.6.1

Consultation and Communication

An extensive consultation process was undertaken in conjunction with acommunication strategy. This consultation and communication approach comprised
two stages:•

To engage the community at the start of the project and seek their views on
the future of the prison site – these were initial consultations which informed
the later project development. A draft Master Plan was developed from thesewide-ranging consultations and from the expert advice and findings from theliterature referred to above.

•

A second consultation process - draft Master Plan consultations - was utilised
to seek feedback on the draft Master Plan - the content of this feedback
informed the development of this draft final Master Plan.

The following sections describe in more detail the communication strategy and thetwo consultation stages.
Communication
An initial mailing list of over 160 people (which later expanded to almost 400
people) was developed for use in providing information about the project and inviting
participation, while over 13,500 people in the Fremantle region were contacted
directly via a specially developed postcard (delivered with the local community
newspaper) which provided space for informal comments about the prison’s future.
A larger number of people across the State were alerted to the project throughadvertisements placed in Fremantle community newspapers, the West Australian
and the Sunday Times. These advertisements were complemented by print and radio
media feature articles highlighting the consultations and opportunities to participate
in focus groups held at the Prison. Comment was invited through phone, fax, internet
and website access throughout the project.
Media channels
The Fremantle Prison website was used throughout the project to provide up to date
information on the project, and included notes from each of the workshops held
throughout the project. The Western Australian government’s website on community
consultation also had a link to the prison website.
The local and state print media were well briefed throughout the project andpublished articles on the project’s progress, and the project was also reported in theprint media at national level.
Television and radio reports and interviews were provided at key times such as thelaunch of the draft Master Plan, as well as supporting general awareness-raising.

Participants in the consultation workshops discussing the draft Master Plan

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Libraries
At the draft Master Plan stage, libraries across the State were invited to showcase
the project through a poster, postcards for informal comment to the project team, andin the case of the City of Fremantle, a large scale map of the proposed Master Plan
and copies of the supporting documentation.
A reading room was provided on site, in the Gatehouse and Entry Complex with asimilar display for interested visitors and community members to peruse the draft
Master Plan and to provide feedback.
Initial consultations
Nine focus groups were held with staff, tenants, community members, experts froma range of disciplines, steering committee and Prison Trust members and ethnic
community members.
Individual meetings were held with a wide number of interested people andorganisations. Informal opportunities to seek information and contribute views via theproject postcards were provided by the Fremantle Prison and the City of Fremantle
Library and their respective staff.
Overall, a wide range of people participated by contributing their views and included:•

Community members, particularly local Fremantle residents•

Local government representatives and staff•

Experts in a wide range of professional disciplines•

Academics from wide range of disciplines•

Ex-prisoners•

Ex-staff•

Business people•

Government officers•

Members of Parliament (or their representatives)•

Ethnic community members•

Aboriginal community members•

People representing the interests of a wide number of community andprofessional organisations.

Discussion of issues raised by workshop participants
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In total, there were over 190 instances of active participation in this initialconsultation stage, and the resulting views collectively informed the development of
the draft Master Plan. Offers of potential partnerships with the Prison were madefrom art- and culture-oriented individuals and organisations as well as from ethnicorganisations. The wide range of opportunities to comment, including at an informal
level, resulted in people being able to provide the project team with their concerns,
which included suggestions of demolishing the site. These suggestions were in theminority, while the majority of suggestions confirmed the enthusiasm for a brighter
future evident throughout the consultations.
Members of the community or organisations who contributed by providing written
submissions or attending workshops were thanked in writing.
Aboriginal People
Extensive liaison work has been undertaken with members of the Fremantle andNyoongah community, including the Metropolitan Circle of Elders. It was found that
there is general resistance to participating in the project by Aboriginal groups. The
feedback which was received from Aboriginal people and also from the Aboriginal
and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC), referred by Hon. Tom Stephens, isthat this reluctance reflects the sad history of the Aboriginal people in the Prison.
The project team considered the consultations undertaken in the last five years in
relation to an Aboriginal memorial on the Prison site, and the plans for a memorial(which resulted from these consultations) have been included in the Master Plan.
Individual people of Aboriginal background have provided their thoughts to theproject. It is generally agreed that a longer time frame would be required toencourage greater participation from Aboriginal people across WA.
Copies of the draft Master Plan were provided to the City of Fremantle reconciliationcommittee to assist that group in developing feedback to the project team.
Note – the spelling of the Nyoongah name has been recorded as that preferred byindividual Aboriginal people - as a result there are several spellings of this name inthis doument.
Draft Master Plan
The draft Master Plan was released on 22 September 2002, with extensive media
coverage and through a communication strategy similar to that for the initialconsultations, almost 400 stakeholders were contacted via email and mail.
Comments and views regarding the draft Master Plan were sought over an eightweek consultation period to 17 November:•

The entire plan was available at a reading room at Fremantle Prison, at City ofFremantle Library or on the Prison’s website•

Snapshot comments could be made via postcards available at local libraries
throughout the State as well as at the Prison•

Advertisements seeking input were placed in Fremantle community
newspapers, the Saturday West Australian and the Sunday Times•

Email, phone or written submissions were sought•

Workshops were held on 17 October•

Briefings were provided to local and professional groups with a keen interest in
the project.

In total, over 130 people provided thoughts on the draft Master Plan.

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Expert input
The expert focus group held in the early stages of the project involved theSteering Committee, the Fremantle Prison Trust Committee, expert colleagues,
and members of the project team. This workshop, held over two days, provided
a forum for in-depth discussion of issues and opportunities associated with theprecinct. The invited expert colleagues contributed to the discussions, which
included comparisons with national and international sites of exceptional heritage
significance, as well as their insights into future possibilities for the precinct. The
outcome of the workshop was an identification of the site’s core essence and an
appreciation of the opportunities it presented. The workshop contributed to setting
the scene for future options to be explored by the project team in the preparation of
the draft Master Plan.
Following feedback received during the process, a search conference was held
during the draft Master Plan stage to enable further contribution by people withparticular expertise in conservation and heritage. Representatives of the Heritage
Council of Western Australia, The National Trust, the City of Fremantle, theFremantle Society, the Fremantle History Society, Fremantle Community Precincts,
the Fremantle Inner City Residents Association, the Department of Housing andWorks: Heritage and Precinct Management, as well as individuals were invited toattend. Ten people attended the search conference and contributed in detail to thediscussions on the principles of conservation and heritage in relation to the Master
Plan.
Integrated analysis
The comments and ideas from all consultation sources were analysed utilising both
structured and unstructured processes to identify the broad themes which wererecurring throughout the consultations. These were highlighted in the draft and form
the basis of this Master Plan.
The following feedback was received:•

Postcards included comments about the current site and specific ideas for
future uses.

•

Focus groups identified issues that should be taken into account in developing
the Master Plan, as well as some future use ideas.

•

Submissions reflected individual ideas on the current site, specific ideas forthe future, as well as issues to be taken into account.

Written submissions, from both government and non-government organisations, inregards to the draft Master Plan provided a high level of detailed comment.

Figure 1.5

Ideas for the Precinct site from the Children’s workshop

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Development of draft and final Master Plan documents
The project team took on board the consultation themes; considered local and Stateplanning frameworks; analysed a wide range of issues from conservation, heritage,
tourism, economic, social, environmental perspectives; considered past reports; andadded a further creative layer to identify the options for the site contained in the draft
and final Master Plan.
The Master Plan has been developed from an integrated range of source information– the community, professional and business expertise, statutory frameworks, awealth of reports, as well as an overall creative setting provided by the project team.

School of LifeI am in a school of life and skill,
Post graduate anthropology,
They put me there against my will,
There will be no apology.
Prison is a great big phoney,
The theory for it pure baloney,
Like the commercials in TV
Amazing human immaturity.

Misfits
Mist and a moth upon my wall,
Perfect camouflage for spotty wood,
Against pale green no good at all,
You are the second misfit in my cell.
The colours to protect you show up,
My superhuman efforts were also out of place,
At least you look quite pretty.
But egg is on my face.
Next morning:
The moth has gone and I’m still here,
It’s error has now disappeared.
Errors that placed me in this cage,
Are still the subject of some rage.

Reproduced with the kind permission of the author Paul Ritter, a former inmateof Fremantle Prison, from Soul & Sex Imprisoned: Illustrated Stories, Ballads,
Verses & Proposals, Planned Environment and Educreation Research InstitutePress, 1980

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4.0 ZONE GUIDING PRINCIPLES
Development and future use of the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct should
capitalise on the site’s unique attributes and reinforce its role as a heritage icon, a
tourism destination and its potential as a centre for excellence in cultural heritage aswell as a diverse range of associated uses.

4.1

DEFINITION OF ZONES

The following zones have been identified within the Fremantle Prison Heritage
Precinct:A

Gatehouse and Entry Complex

B

Main Cell Block Forecourt

C

Main Cell Block

D

Female Division and West Workshops

E

New DivisionF

HospitalG

Perimeter Walls

H

Hampton Road Reserve

I

East Reservoir & East Terrace

J

Pumping Station and Tunnels

K

East Workshops

L

Southern End of Main Cell BlockM

Development Zone

N

South KnollP

Development ZoneQ

The Terrace

The following areas are outside the precinct boundary, but have been considered
due to their physical and historical links to the Precinct. Achieving the objectives forthese areas will assist in achieving the Strategic Vision for the Precinct.
R

Fairbairn Street Ramp

S

Warders’ Cottages

O

Other Areas
The Knowle
Fremantle Oval
Fothergill Street
Parry Street Car ParkThe zones are identified in Figure 4.1

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IFigure 4.1

Precinct Plan showing the Zones

LEGEND
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
P
Q
R
S

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Gatehouse and Entry Complex
Main Cell Block Forecourt
Main Cell Block
Female Division and West Workshops
New Division
Hospital
Perimeter Walls
Hampton Road Reserve
East Reservoir and East Terrace
Pumping Station and Tunnels
East Workshops
Southern End of Main Cell Block
Development Zone
South Knoll
Development Zone
The Terrace
Fairbairn Street Ramp
Warders’ Cottages

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4.2

PURPOSE OF ZONE GUIDELINESThis section provides specific objectives for each of the zones. The objectives
outline the future use and development potential for each zone.
The location, built form, capacity and current use of each of the zones is described,
along with the historical context and the level of heritage significance of elements
within the zone. The relevant conservation policies contained in James Semple
Kerr’s Fremantle Prison – A policy for its conservation (BMA, Rev 1998) are outlined
for reference purposes for each of the zones.
Recommendations actions are outlined for each of the zones to assist in achieving
the objectives.
Future development proposals for the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct will beassessed on the basis of consistency with both the guidelines outlined in this Master
Plan and the more specific guidelines in the form of conservation plans and reports
prepared for the site.
Compatible uses have been outlined for each zone. The feasibility of these uses willneed to be assessed on a case by case basis by accepted process such as businessplans and expressions of interest.

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4.3

ZONE A

Gatehouse and Entry Complex

4.3.1

Objective

Maintain the Gatehouse and Entry Complex as the primary entry point for visitors to
the Precinct. Reinforce the significance of the precinct as the centre of the Imperial
Convict Establishment in Western Australia. Establish the zone as an active andvibrant centre for tourism and cultural heritage services by intensifying activity anduse.
4.3.2 Location
This zone forms the entry to the Precinct and is located in the centre of thewesternmost perimeter of the site, overlooking The Terrace, to the west, and theMain Cell Block Forecourt, to the east.
4.3.3

Built Form

The two-storey limestone Gatehouse, crowned with a central clock, visible from boththe east and west, presents an imposing entry to the Precinct. The Entry Complex
comprises the single storey limestone former quarters (No. 12 & 14 The Terrace)and guard-houses, which flank the Gatehouse and the inner gates, and surroundthe central open courtyard. No. 10 The Terrace (also known as the Superintendent’s
House) is connected to the gatehouse with limestone walled buildings. The house is
two storey with rendered limestone walls and a corrugated iron roof behind parapet
walls. A two storey verandah extends along the west front. The plan is roughlysquare and there is a door from the house into the prison from the northeast room of
the ground floor. No. 16 the Terrace is a two storey building, roughly square in plan,with painted limestone walls. Its roof is corrugated sheet-metal contained behind aparapet, while a two storey timber verandah has been built on the west side.
4.3.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The Gatehouse and Entry Complex buildings have an overall floor area capacityof 2137sqm. The majority of spaces within this zone are 10-50sqm. No. 10 The
Terrace has a floor area capacity of 276sqm. No. 16 The Terrace has a floor area
capacity of 276sqm.
Current Use

The Gatehouse and Entry Complex are currently used as the primary Visitor Centre
accommodating both tourist and retail space. These spaces include the Interpretive
Centre, Gatehouse Gift-Shop and Convict Café. No.’s 10 & 12 The Terrace are
currently leased to Greening WA, while No. 16 The Terrace is leased to by the
University of Western Australia.

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4.3.6

Historical Context

In 1854-55 convict labourers quarried limestone from the site to build the combined
gatehouse and quarters (No. 12 & 14 The Terrace), entry court, and military and civil
guardhouses with embrasures flanking an inner gate (designed by Royal Engineers
Wray and Manning). The complex was designed by Royal Engineer, Comptroller
Edmund Henderson although it bears evidence of 135 years of additions andalterations, mostly with little reference to the character of the early work. Despite thecomplexity of this fabric, the original function of the Gatehouse as the access control
for the site has been retained.
No.’s 10 & 16 The Terrace were built during the 1850’s campaigns for officer’s
associated with the depot. No. 10 was built in 1853 for the Chaplain and wasappropriated by he Superintendent in 1878, and later by the prison bureaucracy foradministration purposes. No. 16 was renovated in 1979 for use as a museum.
4.3.7

Level of heritage significance

Gatehouse – Exceptional SignificanceEntry Complex – Exceptional SignificanceNo. 12 & 14 The Terrace – Exceptional SignificanceNo. 10 The Terrace – Exceptional SignificanceNo. 16 The Terrace – Exceptional SignificanceEntry Court – Some SignificancePWD Store (Interpretive Centre) – Little SignificanceToilet Block – Little Significance
4.3.8

Conservation policy references

Policy 34.1 – Policy 34.3
Policy 27.1 – Policy 27.3
4.3.9

Recommendations

To create a defined ‘welcome’ to visitors that will announce the site as a vibrant andinteresting ‘must-see’ attraction:•
create interest through new, appealing and innovative on-site signage andlighting and the provision of high standard visitor facilities•

house the primary tourist information and ticketing centre in the gatehouse•enhance entry courtyard experience by –relocating visitor centre to southern end of complex and removing fabric oflittle significance (PWD store and wall)removing bitumen to courtyard and reinstate earlier surface

ZONE A•

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provide high standard retail and food outlets to either side of gatehouse(No.10 &12) with access directly from the Terrace.

To emphasise the significance of the convict era:•modify the ‘prison’ vehicle dock in order to restore the view to the central
facade of the Main Cell Block•remove ‘prison’ accretions such as barbed wire (record and store)

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4To create a centre for cultural heritage services:
house cultural and heritage services in the complex including administrative offices
curatorial offices
research centre
art gallery and retail outlet for prisoner’s art

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4.4

ZONE B

Forecourt of the Main Cell Block
4.4.1

Objective

Retain and conserve as the primary open space of the precinct, providing an
impressive setting for the Main Cell Block and unique spatial experience for visitors
to the precinct.
4.4.2 Location
This zone is located on the western side of the Main Cell Block and is bounded by alimestone wall to the north, the West Workshops, Gatehouse and Entry Complex to
the west and the South Knoll to the south.
4.4.3

Built Form

The Forecourt reveals the imposing scale of the Main Cell Block building and ischaracterised by austere, hard surfaces and low scale vegetation. The Forecourt
comprises bitumen paths and grassed garden beds delineated by raised brickedging. A single storey red brick building, the Old Canteen (toilets), is located at thenorthern end of the zone.
4.4.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The Forecourt space is long (on the north-south axis) and narrow and isapproximately 7105sqm.
4.4.5

Current Use

The Forecourt of the Main Cell Block is currently used for pedestrian accessbetween the Gatehouse and Entry Complex and the Main Cell Block.
4.4.6

Historical Context

The open Forecourt of the Main Cell Block has survived relatively intact since the1850’s where it formed the dramatic terrace upon which the Main Cell Block wasbuilt. Typically it was characterised by austere, hard surfaces of crushed limestone
or bitumen and low scale vegetation.
4.4.7

Level of heritage significanceMain Cell Block Forecourt – Exceptional Significance
Old Canteen (toilets)– Some Significance
4.4.8

Conservation policy references

Policy 36.1
Policy 36.2
Policy 36.3
Recommendations

To enable visitors to experience the unique and impressive forecourt and toemphasise this important space:•encourage increased public access to the space•

utilise for special events and as a performance space remove planter beds and provide smooth, flexible surface (combination ofgrass and paving)

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ZONE B•provide additional lighting and unobtrusive services
remove the red brick toilet block at northern end of forecourt.

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4.5

Zone C

Main Cell Block

4.5.1

Objective

Conserve, maintain and interpret the Main Cell Block as the prominent landmark
feature of the Precinct and as the primary evidence of the convict era. Createa world class interpretive centre revealing the layers of history of the precinct,
including its subsequent use as a colonial and state prison.
4.5.2 Location
The Main Cell Block is the largest single building in the Precinct and is located in
the centre of the site, directly east of the Gatehouse and Entry Complex, across theForecourt.
4.5.3

Built Form

The Main Cell Block is the focal and dominating feature of the Precinct and it hascome to symbolise the imperial convict era in Western Australia. This impressive
limestone building is four-storeys high and approximately 150m long on the northsouth axis. On the western side, the chapel projects west from the centre of
the building and creates an imposing central elevation. On the eastern side are
limestone walled exercise yards and an enclosed separate Refractory building.
4.5.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The combined floor area capacity of the Main Cell Block is 8741sqm. On each floor
the majority of rooms are less than 10sqm (former cells). The north and south wings
comprise large spaces of 100-200+sqm. The Division Yards and Refractory Cell
Block occupy approximately 3848sqm.
4.5.5

Current Use

The Main Cell Block is primarily used as a venue for functions and tours.

ZONE C

4.5.6

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Historical Context

The Main Cell Block was constructed from limestone quarried on the site whenbuilding commenced in 1853. Designed by Henderson, the plan was based on
Joshua Jebb’s prison designs at Pentonville Prison (London) and Portland Prison(Dorset). Henderson adapted elements of these designs freely and in terms ofa combination of cell size, materials and range form, there is nothing quite like
Fremantle in England and Australia (J.S. Kerr, 1998). More than any other building,Main Cell Block illustrates the functioning of the depot and subsequent prison – theprocesses of confinement, surveillance and separation.

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4.5.7

Level of heritage significance

1 Division – Exceptional Significance2 Division – Exceptional Significance3 Division and Yard – Exceptional Significance4 Division and Yard – Exceptional SignificanceSingle Yards – Exceptional SignificanceGallows – Exceptional SignificanceProtestant Chapel – Exceptional SignificanceRefractory Cell Block – Exceptional SignificanceRecreation Hall – Exceptional SignificanceStaffroom/Kitchen – Exceptional SignificanceSpecial Handling Unit – Some Significance3 Division Yard Shelter – Some Significance2 Division Yard Shelter – Some Significance
1 Division Yard Shelter – Some Significance
Boiler House and Kitchen Services – Some Significance1989 Yard Shelter – Little SignificanceEnclosed Yard – Little Significance1960 5 Cell Addition – Intrusive
4.5.8

Conservation policy references

Policy 38.1 – Policy 38.3
Policy 38.4 – Policy 38.6 (1992)
Policy 38.7 – Policy 38.29
4.5.9

Recommendations•

developing a strong, integrated theme reflecting the importance of the convict
era and World Heritage values•

maximising the visitors experience through the introduction of a directed,
layered and carefully designed interpretive journey•

introducing a range of interpretive styles to suit different learning styles,
including state of the art media, sound and light technologies•

maintaining an emphasis on the important and unique role of the well-trained
tour guides who are able to provide evocative presentations of past events•by ongoing partnership arrangements with the community, business andgovernment.

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Create a world class interpretive centre utilising the full range of the internal spaces
and the rear northern yards (3 & 4 division) for paid tours and for the interpretation of
the multi-layers of the history of the place by:•
the provision of a sensitive cultural heritage experience within an intact andauthentic heritage icon

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Enhance the interpretive centre by introducing associated special events,
educational, cultural and heritage services into appropriate spaces by utilising
spaces such as the:•the chapel for weddings and as a performance space
the crown theatre to stage plays and films•

the library space and recreation hall to display of the precinct’s artefacts•

the special handling unit for education/meeting space•

the basement for exhibitions.

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4.6

Zone D

Female Division and West Workshops

1.1.1

Objective

Conserve and adapt as a centre for creative educational purposes.
4.6.2

Location

The Female Division is a physically distinct group of buildings located to thenorth-west of the Main Cell Block, hidden from view by enclosing walls. The West
Workshops are a series of work spaces between the Female Division and the Entry
Complex.
4.6.3

Built Form

Female Division is a single storey limestone building with a red brick upper storey
addition and distinctive monitor roof. The West Workshops are a single storey
limestone building with a squared limestone rubble parapet wall on the east
concealing the saw tooth roof structure.
4.6.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The floor area capacity of the Female Division is 1593sqm. The majority of rooms in
the Female Division are 10sqm or less (former cells) with some larger activity areas(50 – 100sqm). The floor area capacity of the West Workshops is 1216sqm.
4.6.5

Current Use

Female Division and the West Workshops are currently leased to the Department ofTraining (TAFE) as a visual arts facility.
4.6.6

Historical Context

ZONE D

Built in the 1850’s as a service area for the convict establishment, the originalcomplex included a cookhouse, bakehouse and laundry. In 1886 a wall was built
around the service buildings and they were converted for use as the first separate
women’s prison in Western Australia. The complex was extended in the 1890’s, andagain in the 1900’s. In terms of both planning and cell sizes, the Female Divisiondiffers significantly from the equivalent male accommodation.

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The West Workshops were built in 1900-01 after a commission of inquiry supported
attempts to provide work for prisoners. The five workshops accommodated
traditional trades, namely painters, matmakers, shoemakers, bookbinders and tailors.

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4.6.7

Level of heritage significanceFemale Division – Exceptional SignificanceWest Workshops – Some SignificanceFirst floor brick addition to eastern wing – Some SignificanceSteel Cages – Some SignificanceFormer Kitchen (classroom) – Some SignificanceEastern and southern division perimeter walls – Some SignificanceEastern Yard – Some Significance
Small northern addition to eastern wing – Some Significance
Weatherboard additions to west – Some SignificanceCovered area – Some Significance1995 TAFE Workshop fit-out – Little Significance
4.6.8

Conservation policy references

Policy 35.1
Policy 35.2
Policy 39.1
Policy 39.2
4.6.9

Recommendations

On order to utilise this zone as a creative educational centre:•
the current use by TAFE as the Fremantle Art and Design Campus iscompatible.

ZONE D•

TAFE should be encouraged to –expand student numbers and extend hours
increase integration into the precinct by holding exhibitions and open days withthe workshops accessible from the Forecourt and Entry Complex
other future uses may include the establishment of a Heritage Skill Centre withtraining in trades such as traditional masonry and carpentry.

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454

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4.7

Zone ENew Division

1.1.1

Objective

Conserve and adapt for use as a mixed-use zone.
4.7.2

Location

New Division is located directly north of the Main Cell Block adjacent to the northern
perimeter wall. It is linked to the Main Cell Block with a ground floor covered
passage at the entry on the southwest corner.
4.7.3

Built Form

The building is L shaped in plan, three stories high with walls of regular coursed
limestone blocks with rock face. There is an area of archaeological interest (theremains of the radial exercise yards) in the courtyard of this zone.
4.7.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

New Division has a combined floor area capacity of 9754sqm. The majority ofrooms on each floor are 10sqm or less (former cells).
4.7.5

Current Use

New Division is currently leased to the Coastal Business Centre as a businessincubator.
4.7.6

Historical Context

New Division was completed in 1907 as a response to over-crowding of the justicesystem and an attempt by the prison administrators to implement what they saw
as the latest prisoner management strategies. The introduction of the ‘Separate
System’ was manifest in the building of “the cage”, a 30-unit radial exercise yard for
prisoners which was demolished within 5 years. The fabric thereafter reflected moreconventional twentieth century regimes and army occupation during World War II.
4.7.7

Level of heritage significanceCourtyard Shelter – Some SignificanceTurnstile to Yard – Some SignificanceSteel gates at eastern end of eastern wing – Some Significance
Masonry wall between northern wing and Perimeter wall – Some SignificanceP A L A S S I S

A R C H I T E C T S

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Mesh screen in eastern wing – Little SignificanceInfill of atrium at eastern end of eastern wing on second floor – Little Significance
4.7.8

Conservation policy references

Policy 40.1 – Policy 40.9
4.7.9

Recommendations

In order to adapt for mixed use:•the current use of part of the building as a business incubator is compatible
Further adaptation may include:•

the introduction of additional uses including offices, conference ‘break-out’spaces and associated short stay accommodation to fully utilise the space andto increase the economic viability•

the extension of educational facilities associated with Zone D and/or Zone F

Viability of new uses may require:the removal of some internal walls to create larger spaces, the provision of
new amenities and the provision of a lift•

the removal of the courtyard shelter and the provision of a new contemporary
shade structure to complement the mixed-use facilities•

a new building in courtyard could provide additional, complementary facilities(subject to archaeological investigation)•

provision of a new vehicular access off Knutsford Street.

ZONE E•

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4

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Zone F

Hospital

4.8.1

Objective

Conserve and adapt for community and/or educational use.
4.8.2 Location
The Hospital is located in the north-east corner of the Precinct on an area of highground which overlooks the Main Cell Block yards and New Division.
4.8.3

Built Form

The building is H shaped in plan, single storey with rendered and painted limestone
walls. The building features a wide verandah with timber posts.
4.8.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The floor area capacity for the Hospital is 906sqm. The majority of rooms in thehospital are 10-50sqm (north and south wings) with a large central space (100200sqm).
4.8.5

Current Use

The Hospital is currently leased to the Fremantle Children’s Literature Centre withaccommodation for authors in residence.
4.8.6

Historical Context

The former hospital was built in 1857-59 and occupied until 1886 when the hospitalfunction temporarily moved to the Main Cell Block. During this time the hospitalbuilding was used as a female prison and as a depot for invalids. From 1904 until
1991 the building was again used as a hospital.
4.8.7

Level of heritage significance

Hospital – Considerable SignificanceW.C./Kitchen Amenities – Little Significance
4.8.8

Conservation policy references

ZONE F

Policy 41.1

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Policy 41.2

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4.8.9

Recommendations

On order to utilise this zone for community/educational use:•the current use by the Fremantle Children’s Literature Centre withaccommodation for visiting authors is compatible.
other potential uses include –a community based learning centre
an adult education centre
an specialised interpretive centre providing educational opportunities
integration with mixed use activities in Zone E.

ZONE F•P A L A S S I S

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460

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4.9

Zone G

Perimeter Walls

4.9.1

Objective

Retain and conserve the perimeter walls as the landmark identity of the precinct.
Retain the sense of mystery and the security of the site provided by the walls, while
encouraging increased access to the precinct.
4.9.2 Location
This zone comprises the north, south, east and west perimeter walls.
4.9.3

Built Form

The walls were constructed in 1850 of random rubble limestone and lime mortar
and range in height from 1.2m to 5.0m. An additional four courses of dark stone
and coping was added in 1898. Attached piers occur at approximately 6.0 metre
centres on the lee side of the walls. The perimeter walls accommodate a number of
openings including both vehicular and pedestrian gates.
4.9.4

Current Uses

The Perimeter walls are retained as a physical boundary to the precinct.
4.9.5

Historical Context

The existing walls were built in the 1850’s with the buttresses added in 1856 after asection of the wall collapsed during a ‘whirlwind’. The walls were built with minimal
excavation and hence define not only the extent of the depot but also the original
topography (J.S. Kerr, 1998). An extra four courses of stone and coping were
subsequently added along most of the wall.
4.9.6

Level of heritage significance

Perimeter Walls – Exceptional Significance
4.9.7

Conservation policy references

Policy 25.1
Policy 25.2

ZONE G

Policy 27.1 – Policy 27.3
Policy 28.1
Policy 29.1
Policy 29.2
Policy 30.1 - Policy 30.2

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4.9.8

Recommendations

In order to retain enhance the sense of mystery and the landmark quality of theperimeter walls:•
do not allow plantings or construction that will obstruct the external views of
the perimeter walls•

introduce new lighting to illuminate the walls at night•

introduce new interpretive devices to promote the activities within the precinct

ZONE G

In order to allow increased access to the precinct.
•
utilise existing openings in the perimeter wall to increase access opportunities
to specific zones within the precinct.

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4

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4.10

Zone H

Hampton Road Reserve4.10.1

Objective

Interpret the Hampton Road reserve and enhance the reserve as the primary vista of
the precinct for visitors and others travelling along Hampton Road.
4.10.2

Location

This zone is located outside the eastern perimeter wall.
4.10.3

Built Form

This zone comprises the strip of land between the perimeter wall and Hampton
Road, including the archaeological remains of the former cottages, the sand dyke
and the buffer zone.
4.10.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

This zone occupies approximately 4625sqm.
4.10.5Current Use

Hampton Road reserve is currently un-used, except for small car parking area at thenorthern end of the reserve.
4.10.6

Historical Context

The northern part of the reserve contains parts of the foundations of three early(pre-WW1) cottages that had been built away from the wall so as to leave a bufferzone immediately outside the wall. A sand dyke was built along the reserve to
discourage attempts to ram and breach the wall after the riots and fire of 1988. In
1992 the sand dyke was bulldozed, and in 1994 the strip of land between the eastern
perimeter wall of the prison and Hampton Road (reserve 28226) was added to theprecinct reserve (24042).
4.10.7

Level of heritage significance

Hampton Road Reserve – Some Significance4.10.8Conservation policy references

Policy 11.1
Policy 11.2
Policy 11.3
Policy 24.4
Policy 24.5

ZONE H

4.10.964

Recommendations

Interpret the reserve by:•
cut and fill to create a bank and dyke equivalent, close to the Hampton Road
footpath, further revealing the limestone perimeter walls•

interpreting archaeological sites of the former cottages

Enhance the vista and accessibility of the precinct from Hampton Road by:•introducing interpretive devices, at a scale suitable for both pedestrians andvehicular traffic, to provide an introduction to the precinct for visitors arriving by

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this routeestablish visitor car parking in this area, largely obscured from view by the newdyke, with the car park access road in the former buffer zone.

ZONE H•P A L A S S I S

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466

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4.11

Zone I

East Reservoir & East Terrace
4.11.1

Objective

Retain and conserve the East Terrace. Conserve and adapt the East Reservoir.
4.11.2

Location

The East Reservoir appears as a low brick structure in the north-east corner of thePrecinct, located between the Hospital and the East Terrace. Located to the southof the East Reservoir are the sub-surface remains of the bath-house (footings) andthe top of a well. The East Terrace, located between the eastern perimeter wall,
the East Workshops to the south, the East Reservoir to the north and the Main Cell
Block exercise yards to the west.
4.11.3

Built Form

Due to the slope of the ground the walls range between 150mm to 1.5m above
ground level. The reservoir roof consists of five rendered vaults each side of acentral vault raised 600mm above those each side. Entry is through a door in a bricklobby approximately 1.2m below ground level at the western end of the central vault.
The East Terrace comprises a large, open grassed area bisected diagonally by abitumen road. A bitumen sealed footpath extends along the western edge.
4.11.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The Reservoir and East Terrace zone occupies approximately 5800sqm.
4.11.5Current Use

The East Reservoir is no longer used as a water storage facility. The East Terrace
provides vehicular and pedestrian access from the Fothergill Street Gate to the
Pumping Station and Hospital.
4.11.6

Historical Context

In the 1890’s a large brick vaulted reservoir was built as a boost to Fremantle’s watersupply in the north-east corner of the prison complex. The first half of the reservoir
was completed in 1890 and the second, together with part of the reticulation system,
about 1895. The Reservoir was built on the East Terrace, the highest part of the
precinct. The centre of the terrace contains the sub surface remains of the oldest
feature – the 1850’s bath-house and well.
4.11.7

Level of heritage significance

East Reservoir – Considerable Significance
East Terrace – Considerable Significance
Sentry boxes and toilet – Some SignificanceRemains of bath-house and well – Some Significance4.11.8Conservation policy references

ZONE I

Policy 42.1
Policy 42.2
Policy 42.3 – Policy 42.9

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4.11.9

Recommendations

Conserve the Eastern Terrace by:•retaining in its present grassed form•

interpreting the bath house and well.

Conserve and adapt the East Reservoir by:•retaining the undulating form of rendered brick vaulting to the top of the East
Reservoir.
adapting for use as a specialised retail space, such as a wine cellar, or
specialised performance venue•

interpreting its former use as an element associated with the undergroundtunnel network.

ZONE I•68

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4.12

Zone J

Pumping Station and Tunnels

4.12.1

Objective

Conserve and adapt as a new underground adventure tourism and visitor
experience.
2.2.2

Location

This zone is located adjacent to the East Terrace near the south-east corner of thesite.
4.12.3

Built Form

This zone includes the former Pumping Station adjacent to the East Workshops,
the associated well and the connecting underground hydraulic network of tunnels.
The Pumping Station is in a separate high walled compound with its own entry off
Hampton Road and a pedestrian access to the East Reservoir. The tunnel network,
which also includes series of shafts, drives and weirs, extends underneath parts ofthe East Terrace, Hampton Road, the Pumping Station and the East Workshops.
4.12.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The Pumping Station and yard has a ground floor area capacity of 763sqm.
4.12.5Current Use

No current use.
4.12.6

Historical Context

The Pumping Station was a part of the water storage and reticulation scheme
constructed in the 1890’s, although it was formally excised from the compound in1901 to allow ease of operation by the works department. The associated shafts
and tunnels were cut by prisoners during the 1890’s and early twentieth century.
4.12.7

Level of heritage significancePumping Station – Considerable Significance

ZONE J

Wells – Considerable Significance70

Tunnel Drives and Shafts – Considerable Significance
Addition to Pumping Station – Intrusive
Masonry wall between engine house and eastern perimeter wall - Intrusive

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4.12.8Conservation policy references

Policy 43.1 – Policy 43.6
4.12.9

Recommendations

In order to provide a new adventure tourism and experience:•develop the underground tunnel system to provide an exciting and marketable
experience•utilise the northern end of the East Workshops as a circulation point for
visitors to the tunnel experience.

In order to enhance the visitor experience:
interpret the underground water features including the tunnel network, thePump Station and the associated well in the East Workshop.

ZONE J•P A L A S S I S

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ZONE K

472

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4.13

Zone K

East Workshops

4.13.1

Objective

Conserve and adapt for use as a centre for arts, crafts and traditional trades.
4.13.2 Location
The East Workshops are located in the south-east corner of the site, adjacent to theEast Terrace.
4.13.3

Built Form

The area is contained within a single storey limestone building to the west elevation
and an enclosed area to the east abutting the perimeter wall.
4.13.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The East Workshops have a floor area capacity of 840sqm. The majority of internalrooms are large workshop spaces of 100sqm upwards.
4.13.5Current Use

Currently only part of the East Workshops are in use, leased to the Fremantle &Districts Model Railway Club. The workshops are also leased as a venue for large
groups.
4.13.6

Historical Context

The East Workshops are on the site of one of the first structures to be erected, theoriginal Blacksmiths’ shop, built in 1852. By 1858 the carpenters’ shop had beentransferred to the site and both shops built or rebuilt in limestone within a new yard
set against the perimeter wall. The masonry of both shops survives today. Since
1960 the entire yard has been roofed using a light steel truss on steel supports andthe large space created was last used as a metal and automotive workshop (J.S.
Kerr, 1998). The workshops were introduced to provide activity for the inmates,
reduce the running costs of the prison by providing the resources to carry out many
repairs and building needs, and to provide a training ground for unskilled labour.
4.13.7

Level of heritage significance

Carpentry Workshop – Some SignificanceSteel mesh screens against eastern perimeter wall – Some Significance
Metal /Automotive Workshop – Little SignificanceStore – Little SignificanceToilet addition - Intrusive

P A L A S S I S

A R C H I T E C T S

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Eastern workshop – Considerable Significance73

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4.13.8Conservation policy references

Policy 43.1 – Policy 43.6
Policy 27.1 – Policy 27.3
4.13.9

Recommendations

Utilise this zone as a centre for arts, crafts and traditional trades by:•interpret the original workshops•

providing spaces for workshops
retail outlets
venues and exhibitions

Enhance the viability of the zone by:•providing direct access to the workshops via the gate in Fothergill Street
redevelopment of the areas of little significance to provide contemporary
facilities.

ZONE K•74

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4

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4.14

Zone LSouthern End of Main Cell Block

4.14.1

Objective

Adapt for use as a restaurant and/or service facilities for events.
4.14.2
Location
The former kitchen and related facilities are housed at the southernmost end of theMain Cell Block at ground floor level.
4.14.3

Built Form

These facilities extend to the east as far as the eastern extent of the exercise yards
where two boilers with a common brick chimney are found. The main walls of the
kitchen area are constructed of limestone. This zone also includes the 1 and 2
Division Yards.
4.14.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The Southern End of Main Cell Block has a floor area capacity of 914sqm. The
majority of rooms in this zone are 10-50sqm with a number of larger activity areas(200sqm+). The Yards have a capacity of 1984sqm.
4.14.5Current Use

The Southern End of Main Cell Block is fitted out for modern commercial catering
but these facilities are only used occasionally.
4.14.6

Historical Context

Originally designed as Association wards, the wings flanking either end of Main Cell
Block did not remain long in their 1850’s use. The lower southern ward became thecookhouse and during the twentieth century progressive development and numerous
extensions transformed it into a modest but modern catering facility.
4.14.7

Level of heritage significance

1 Division Yard – Exceptional Significance

ZONE L2 Division Yard – Exceptional SignificanceYard – Some Significance76

P A L A S S I S

Boiler House/Kitchen Services – Some SignificanceSteel enclosed yard to south of kitchen – Little SignificanceA R C H I T E C T S

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44.14.8Conservation policy references

Policy 38.24 – Policy 38.29
4.14.9

Recommendations

Provide special events facilities by:•establishing catering facilities•

establishing visitor facilities such as toilets

ZONE L

Provide new restaurant facilities, when feasible, by:•adapting the southern wing and exercise yards to provide a restaraunt opening
on to the north-facing courtyard.

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ZONE M

478

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4.15

Zone M

Development Zone
4.15.1

Objective

Development zone for future contemporary building to house an art gallery/museum/ exhibition centre and allied commercial activities of world class standard.
The opportunity to introduce a new building, of high civic/public significance andoutstanding architectural design, will ensure that future possibilities to expand thevision of the precinct as a premier tourism, cultural and educational destination are
not limited.
4.15.2

Location

This zone is located at the southernmost end of the Precinct directly south of theMain Cell Block.
4.15.3

Built Form

This zone currently contains the Shower block, the Helmet Workshop and associatedsheds on the ground level. The remainder of the zone comprises the eastern end
the South Knoll.
4.15.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The zone occupies approximately 2063sqm.
4.15.5Current Use

No current use.
4.15.6

Historical Context

Henderson left substantial zones for future development to the north and south ofMain Cell Block, these zones came to accommodate a number of temporary newbuildings. With the exception of some terrace walling, all the visible structures within
this area are of recent erection, modest significance, and are the last of a series thathave come and gone since World War 1(J.S. Kerr, 1998). A brick shower block was
erected south of the Main Cell Block in the 1980’s.
4.15.7

Level of heritage significanceSheds – Little SignificanceShower Block – Some Significance/Intrusive
4.15.8Conservation policy references

Policy 37.1 – Policy 37.9
Recommendations•

Proposals for any new building must demonstrate that it will enhance theviability of the Precinct.

•

Instigate an international design competition to select the design of the newbuilding with strict criteria in accordance with the Strategic Vision for the site.

P A L A S S I S

A R C H I T E C T S

ZONE M

4.15.979

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ZONE N

480

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4.16

Zone NSouth Knoll
4.16.1

Objective

Retain the terraced form and the strong visual element of the original landform,
which is visible in the rise of the knoll along the south perimeter wall. Encourage
visitors to experience these qualities of the South Knoll.
4.16.2
Location
The South Knoll is located in the southwest corner of the site to the south of theForecourt.
4.16.3

Built Form

The South Knoll comprises the remains of the high, natural ground level, which has
been terraced to form flat, grassed areas. The former playing fields and courts arestill in evidence. There is a brick-vaulted reservoir located under the Knoll.
4.16.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The South Knoll zone occupies approximately 2066sqm.
4.16.5Current Use

No current use
4.16.6

Historical Context

In 1852 Henderson reduced the proposed area to be enclosed by the perimeterwall. The south wall of his revised perimeter mounted the northern spur of Church
Hill. The crest of the hill lay to the south of the wall and is now entirely cut away fordevelopment. Only the wall with its familiar hump-back profile defines the original
contours. Within in the prison the northern spur was progressively cut back and,at least by 1896, terraced. The South Knoll still approximates its original landform,
even if reduced and terraced (J.S. Kerr, 1998).
4.16.7

Level of heritage significanceSouthern Reservoir – Considerable SignificanceSouth Knoll - Some Significance4.16.8Conservation policy references

Policy 37.1 – Policy 37.7
Policy 37.9
4.16.9

Recommendations•

encourage visitors to experience the view from the South Knoll to Fremantle
City and Port•

investigate interpretive opportunities for the Southern Reservoir.

P A L A S S I S

A R C H I T E C T S

ZONE NTo enhance visitors’ experience of the South Knoll:•establish an interpretive landscaped area accessible for visitors of all ages

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4.17

Zone P

Development Zone
4.17.1

Objective

Development zone for a new Conference/Exhibition Centre to house contemporary
facilities associated with the tourist, cultural, heritage and educational uses of thePrecinct.
4.17.2

Location

This zone is located in the south-west corner of the prison complex, at the westernend of the South Knoll and to the south of the Gatehouse and Entry Complex.
4.17.3

Built Form

This zone comprises open grassed and bituminous areas, similar in character to the
Forecourt of the Main Cell Block as well as grassed terraces.
4.17.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The zone occupies approximately 1612sqm.
4.17.5Current Use

No current use
4.17.6

Historical Context

Arguably Henderson had envisaged the development of the southern zone to createa more or less symmetrical configuration of the prison. Potentially this could include
an extension to the south of the Gatehouse and Entry Complex (as with the West
Workshops - extended to the north as a workshop range, leaving a sterile zone
beside the perimeter wall).
4.17.7

Level of heritage significanceNo man’s land (in the southern zone) – Little Significance4.17.8Conservation policy references

Policy 37.1 – Policy 37.9
4.17.9

Recommendations

The provision of any new building in this zone should:•
be open to the Forecourt and linked to the Gatehouse and Entry Complex•

incorporate current technology and facilities including:
offices
visitor amenities (toilet facilities)
exhibition spaces (eg. Aboriginal art, Prisoner’s art, Migrant history andtravelling exhibitions)a roof top venue (with views of Fremantle).

•

be designed in accordance with the requirements of the Strategic Vision forthe site.

P A L A S S I S

A R C H I T E C T S

ZONE Plarger meeting rooms ( breakout spaces for conferences)

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4.18

Zone QThe Terrace
4.18.1

Objective

Maintain The Terrace as the dominant façade of the Precinct. Enhance the visibility
and accessibility of the precinct within the urban context. Encourage integrationof the precinct with the local and broader community with The Terrace as theprimary interface. Conserve and adapt the Terrace buildings for use as tourist
accommodation.
4.18.2

Location

The Terrace forms the public facade of the Precinct. Built on the escarpment
overlooking Fremantle it comprises a broad street with buildings to its eastern sidebehind fenced gardens. Most of the buildings are constructed adjoining the western
perimeter wall of the Precinct and are evenly spaced along the Terrace.
4.18.3

Built Form

No. 2 The Terrace is a single storey house with random rubble limestone walls andcorrugated iron roof separated from the perimeter wall by a rear yard. No. 4 and 6
The Terrace are a pair of single storey duplex units with walls constructed of random
rubble limestone, with a corrugated iron roofs and front verandahs, separated fromthe perimeter wall by a rear yard.
No. 8 The Terrace (also known as the Chaplain’s House) is a two-storey house withrendered and painted limestone walls. The plan is roughly square with verandas andbalconies along the west and south sides. This building has a small roofed area at
the rear connecting to the main prison wall.
No. 12 & 14 the Terrace. See the Gatehouse and Entry Complex, Zone A.
No. 10 & 16 The Terrace, See the Gatehouse and Entry Complex, Zone A
No. 18 The Terrace is a two storey structure (also known as the Surgeon’s House)
with limestone walls. There is a two storey timber verandah on the northern andwestern sides. A single storey building connects the south-east side of the house to
the main prison wall. A single storey limestone structure (former Stables) is locatedto the south of No 18.
The Terrace zone also includes the Knutsford Street ramp and the Shelter andLavatories in the Terrace car park. Knutsford Street Ramp is located parallel tothe western perimeter wall of the prison complex and comprises a batter bank withgravel roadway linking Holdsworth Street to The Terrace. The Terrace car park
facilities are located just south of the axial approach to the Gatehouse.
4.18.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

ZONE Q

No. 2, No. 4 and No. 6 have a combined floor area capacity of 292sqm. No. 8 The
Terrace has a floor area capacity of 275sqm. No. 18 The Terrace has a floor area
capacity of 441sqm. The former Stables have a floor area capacity of 147 sqm.

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4.18.5Current Use

No.’s 2, 4 & 6 The Terrace are currently used as short-stay holiday accommodation.
No. 8 The Terrace is used for Administration. No. 18 The Terrace is leased by the
Department of Education.

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Historical Context

The Terrace houses were built as residences for senior officers of the convict
establishment and their families, being larger and more refined than the Warder’s
Cottages.
No.2 was completed in 1857 as a ‘guard room’ to accommodate 19 men. In
the 1890s, the guard room was converted to quarters and No.s 4 & 6 were built
alongside as a duplex. In recent times all three residences were disfigured by façade
additions, by 1994 these excrescences were removed and the buildings returned touse as rental accommodation.
The residences No.’s 8 & 18 were built during the 1850’s campaigns for officers
associated with the depot. No. 18 was extended in 1893 and then altered again
early in the twentieth century. In 1998 it was renovated and adapted for re-use as an
office. No.8 was converted to staff club use in the last years of the prison, since theprison was disestablished the building has been repaired and modestly adapted to
office use (J.S. Kerr, 1998).
4.18.7

Level of significance

2 The Terrace – Considerable Significance4 & 6 The Terrace – Some Significance
8 The Terrace – Exceptional Significance18 The Terrace – Considerable SignificanceStables – Considerable SignificanceKnutsford Street Ramp – Exceptional Significance
Shelter & Lavatories, Terrace Carpark – Little Significance4.18.8Conservation policy references

Policy 22.1
Policy 22.5
Policy 24.1 – Policy 24.2
Policy 32.1 – Policy 32.2
Policy 33.1 – Policy 33.3
4.18.9

Recommendations•

selectively remove or prune trees that restrict view of The Terrace buildings
and perimeter wall, while conserving significant trees•

introduce new lighting to the perimeter walls•

introduce new signage•

remove the Shelter and Lavatories•

redesign car parking to separate vehicular and pedestrian traffic
reduce the visual impact of car parking
restrict vehicular access and parking at the northern end of The Terrace

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ZONE QTo increase the visibility, accessibility and integration of the precinct:

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4•resurface pedestrian access routes and integrate with the Fairbairn Street
ramp.

•

establish the landscape setting for the Aboriginal Commemorative Memorial
Project, as recommended by the Fremantle Prison Aboriginal Advisory
Committee (1998/99). Engage artists to design and fabricate artworks.

•

reinstate dominance of Knutsford Street Ramp by selectively removing
vegetation and enhancing the view to railway station along Queen Street.

ZONE Q

Conserve and adapt the Terrace Houses and lease for serviced tourist/event
accommodation, as they become available.

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4.19

Zone R

This zone is not within the Precinct boundaries, however it has a strong physical andhistorical link to the Precinct, having been constructed by the convicts to provide
access to the site and continuing to be the main access to the Precinct. It is ownedby the City of Fremantle.

Fairbairn Street Ramp
4.19.1

Objective

Reinforce the Fairbairn Street Ramp as the main pedestrian access to the Precinct
and as the historic link to the City of Fremantle.
2.2.2
Location
The Fairbairn Street Ramp forms the axial approach to the Precinct and isintersected by both Parry Street and The Terrace.
4.19.3

Built Form

The lower part of the Ramp at the western end has been removed and comprises
a bitumen car park. Limestone stairs and retaining walls have been constructed
off the Parry Street bypass, which bisected the ramp. The remaining section of theramp has been resurfaced in limestone. Large fig trees dominate the southern sideof the ramp where it adjoins the Fremantle Oval. Eucalypts dominate the northernbank adjacent to the Parry Street car park.
4.19.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

The Fairbairn Street Ramp measures 175m from the Parry Street bypass. In its
entirety, from Henderson Street, it is approximately 250m long.
4.19.5Current Use

The Fairbairn Street Ramp is currently used as the main pedestrian entry to theprecinct.
4.19.6

Historical Context

The Fairbairn Street Ramp is an integral part of the original scheme. Spoil from thelimestone quarried on the site was used to build up the inclined tramway (Fairbairn
Street) on the axis of the gatehouse. By July 1853 it had reached Henderson Street.
This link was eventually severed by the Parry Street bypass, constructed in the
1980’s.
4.19.7

Level of significanceFairbairn Street Ramp – Exceptional Significance4.19.8Conservation policy references

Policy 22.2 – Policy 22.6

ZONE R

4.19.990

Recommendations

In order to reinforce the Fairbairn Street Ramp as the main pedestrian access to theprecinct:•reinforce axial quality and visual link along the primary access from Henderson
Street to the Gatehouse•selectively prune Moreton Bay Fig trees and remove less important trees toimprove views to the Gatehouse

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introduce new interpretive and directional signage•

provide a continuous pedestrian surface•

do not allow vehicular access to the ramp (except for emergency andmaintenance vehicles)

In order to reinforce the Fairbairn Street Ramp as the historic link to the City ofFremantle:•
liaise with the City of Fremantle for the full reinstatement of the ramp
in the interim reinstate the lower incline and recover the ramp’s visualcontinuity by removal of the car parking bays
liaise with the City of Fremantle to create a public square to base of ramp,
introduce appropriate directional and interpretive signage and improve thepedestrian crossing to Parry Street.

ZONE R•P A L A S S I S

A R C H I T E C T S

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4.20

Zone SThis zone is not within the precinct boundaries, however it has a strong physical andhistorical link to the precinct and is owned and managed by the state government.

Wardersʼ Cottages
4.20.1

Objective

Conserve the cottages and reinstate the historical and physical link between thesecottages and the Precinct.
4.20.2

Location

This zone is located along the southern side of Henderson Street (No.’s 7-17, 19-29,
31-41) and comprises the former Warders’ Cottages associated with the Precinct.
4.20.3

Built Form

The cottages are two storey terrace houses with limestone walls and corrugated ironroofs and are separated from the street by limestone fences.
4.20.4

Capacity and Configuration of Spaces

No.’s 7-17 Henderson Street have a combined floor area capacity of 563sqm. No.’s
19-29 Henderson Street have a combined floor area capacity of 525sqm. No.’s 3141 Henderson Street have a combined floor area capacity of 350sqm.
4.20.5Current Use

The Henderson Street Warders’ Cottages are currently used by the Department of
Housing for accommodation.
4.20.6

Historical Context

The Henderson Street Cottages were originally part of the convict establishment,
built of local limestone during the 1850’s as warder accommodation. Most of thecottages remained in continuous use as warder accommodation up to 1989 and they
formed the city frontage for the convict grant. In 1993 they were sold to HomesWest.
4.20.7

Level of significance

7-17 Henderson Street – Considerable Significance19-29 Henderson Street – Considerable Significance31-41 Henderson Street – Considerable Significance4.20.8Conservation policy references

Policy 22.6
Policy 22.8
Recommendations

In order to reinforce the historic and physical links to the precinct:•
utilise these cottages as the link between Fremantle (markets and coffee strip)
and the precinct by the use of interpretive signage•

when the opportunity arises adapt one of the cottages (preferably No 29) asa ‘shopfront’ for the precinct and as the link to other elements of the convict
establishment in Fremantle

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ZONE S

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4.21

Zone O - Other Areas

These areas are not within the Precinct boundaries, however they have strong
physical and historical links to the Precinct.

The Knowle
4.21.1

Objective

Conserve, reveal and interpret the Knowle.
4.21.2
Location
The Knowle is located within the Fremantle Hospital site to the southwest of thePrecinct.
4.21.3

Built Form

Originally designed as a mansion for Comptroller Henderson, the Knowle is a twostorey limestone building distinctive for its three bay form and two storey timberverandah to the west façade.
4.21.4Current Use

The Knowle is currently in use by the Fremantle Hospital and Health Service.
4.21.5

Historical Context

The Knowle was completed in 1853 as a mansion for (and designed by) the
Comptroller Henderson. In 1867 if became a convict invalid depot. In 1891 thecolonial government replaced the imperial invalids with colonial lunatics and then in1895 it became a public hospital – which it remains today.
4.21.6

Level of significanceThe Knowle - Considerable Significance4.21.7

Conservation policy references

Policy 22.7 – Policy 22.8
4.21.8•

Recommendations
Reintroduce physical and visual links between The Knowle and the Precinct.

Fremantle Oval
4.21.9

Objective•

Maintain and improve views through Fremantle Oval by selective removal ofless important trees from the eastern edge of oval perimeter and pruning theMoreton Bay Figs and Norfolk Island Pines.

•

Control development at the oval so the presence of the Precinct is notundermined.

ZONE O

Reinforce the presence of the Precinct.
4.21.10 Recommendations•

Upgrade or remove the red brick entrance to the oval from The Terrace.

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Fothergill Street
4.21.11

Objective

Upgrade Fothergill Street as the main vehicular entry road to the Precinct and as an

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4alternative pedestrian access. Highlight the significance of the natural rock outcrop
and the views of the perimeter walls.
4.21.12 Recommendations
Upgrade vehicular access and traffic control to the intersection of Fothergill and
Hampton Roads.
Upgrade pedestrian access along Fothergill Street.
Upgrade streetscape surfaces and underground powerlines.
Interpret the natural rock outcrop to the perimeter walls and ensure this feature is not
obstructed.

Parry Street Car Park
4.21.13

Objective

Maintain the setting of the Precinct by restricting development to the Parry Street carpark.
4.21.14
Recommendations
Maintain as an open space with car parking. Upgrade interpretive signage andlandscaping in order to improve appreciation of the precinct.

Knutsford Street
4.21.15

Objective

Retain Knutsford Street for local access. Retain the views of the perimeter walls.
4.21.16
Recommendations
Improve local vehicular access to the precinct zones adjoining the northern
perimeter walls.

•

Upgrade pedestrian access along Knutsford Street.

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3.0 STRATEGIC VISION
3.1

VISION FOR THE FREMANTLE PRISON HERITAGE
PRECINCT

The vision for the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is to:•

be Western Australia’s premier heritage precinct and a heritage icon to thepeople of Western Australia•

provide a lasting legacy for the people of Australia by conserving andinterpreting the most intact convict era site in Australia that will greatly enrich
the cultural life of the state and nation•

be Western Australia’s premier destination for tourism, cultural andeducational activities•

be a highly sought after location for a variety of uses, enhancing the vitality ofthe metropolitan and local area.

3.1.1 Strategic Objectives•

provide an integrated development framework that will enable a sustainable
future for the precinct•

enhance, protect and interpret the cultural heritage significance of the precinct•

continue to be an outstanding example of best practice heritage conservation•encourage a range of compatible uses that maximise use of the existingbuildings and facilities and add to the unique qualities of the precinct•

create a precinct that encourages repeat visitation and provides unique andenjoyable experiences for visitors•

integrate with the surrounding local communities through cultural, physical,
social and economic interaction•

encourage opportunities to reinforce the precinct’s tourism, cultural andeducational focus through creative partnerships with both public and private
sectors•

encourage innovative and high quality development that positively contributes
to the public domain.

P A L A S S I S

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STRATEGIC VISION

The strategic objectives for the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct Master Plan areto:31F R E M A N T L E
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3.2

DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORKThe Master Plan for the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct provides an integrated
framework which balances a range of compatible uses, reveals the cultural
heritage significance of the precinct and assists in realising the potential forrevenue generation for the conservation of the site in to the future. The integrated
approach of this Master Plan will endeavour to meet the needs of current and future
generations through the following environmental, economic and social strategies:•

conservation of the built environment of the precinct•

provision for future uses which will contribute to economic sustainability•

integration of the site into the broader community•

encouragement of government, industry and community partnerships.

The Master Plan has identified a number of distinct zones within the precinct, which
can be developed with specific objective aligned to the overall objectives of the
Master Plan. These zones are outlined in the following Section 4.0 ‘Zone Guiding
Principles’.

3.2.1 Site Capacity
The Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct comprises a six hectare site with potential
for adaptive reuse of existing buildings and open spaces and for carefully planned
new buildings. Floor areas for each of the existing buildings and development zones
are detailed in Section 4.0 ‘Zone Guiding Principles’.

3.2.2 Conservation
Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is recognised as a place of exceptional cultural
heritage significance and is included in heritage lists and inventories at local, stateand national levels. It is well served by conservation policies and plans for the place
as a whole and individual elements within the precinct.
Conservation actions should continue to be guided by the Burra Charter and bestpractice processes.
The conservation imperatives are to:•address the backlog of maintenanceimplement an ongoing conservation programme to ensure that the placeremains intact and authentic so that future generations can understand andappreciate its part in Western Australia’s history.

STRATEGIC VISION•

The Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is included in a nomination for assessment
for World Heritage listing as part of a serial listing of Australian convict sites. This has
been initiated by the governments of New South Wales, Tasmania, Western Australia
and the Commonwealth. This Master Plan recommends that every endeavour should
be made to:32

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embrace the opportunity for World Heritage listing.

3.2.3 Compatible Uses
The principle strategy underpinning the Master Plan in relation to future use is theprovision of opportunities for compatible and feasible uses that support the objectiveof enabling a sustainable future of the precinct. The Master Plan provides for abalance of commercial activity and leasing arrangements with public access andcommunity use whilst ensuring that the precinct has ongoing funding and resources.

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The range of compatible uses for the precinct have been identified as follows:•

Tourism•

Cultural and heritage services•

Education•

Retail•Special event venue•

Tourist and office accommodation•

Creative production.

Future uses for specific areas of the precinct are identified in Section 4 ‘Zone
Guiding Principles’.

3.2.4 Visitors
Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct will be a vibrant precinct which will attract many
visitors. Visitors to the precinct will respond positively to this unique precinct andwill enjoy the variety of experiences the precinct has to offer. Visitor numbers canbe expected to increase by the provision of a variety of uses within the different
zones of the precinct, as well as specifically targeted programmes of interpretation,
education and tourism.
Development of the site should ensure:•high standards of equitable access, safety and amenity in and around theprecinct.

Interpretation and Education•

the significance of the place as the centre of the British Imperial Convict
Establishment in Western Australia and the only intact convict era site inAustralia•

the significance of the archaeological sites•

the layering of history of the place from convict to colonial and state prison•

the precinct’s substantial artefact collection.

Education is a powerful tool in encouraging both an appreciation of and a sense ofownership of the site. Providing an enhanced understanding and appreciation of the
precinct will instil a greater sense of community ownership.
Tourism
Tourism products and services will provide the basis and driving force of economic
sustainability. Within this context, marketing activity can be expected to play asignificant role in increasing the Prison’s visitor numbers and revenues.
Key recommendations include:•

increasing the quality of the interpretive experience by upgrading of thematic
materials and exhibits, concentrated in the Main Cell Block, and introducing
new audio-visual technologies while maintaining an emphasis on the importantand unique role of tour guides

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STRATEGIC VISION

Conservation of the fabric and spaces of the precinct will be of primary importanceto the program of interpretation. The development of an Interpretation Strategy forthe site is of primary importance and should include interpretation of:33

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3•marketing and promotion, including branding and positioning, packaging etc,
both to the travel and tourism industry and to consumers directly•

renaming the precinct to acknowledge its historical significance as an intact
convict-era site, which importance is not conveyed by its current designation•

positioning the precinct as a major and unique attraction in appreciating
and understanding the course of European settlement in Western Australia.
This approach has a strong and established market appeal and will assist in
overcoming some of the visitor reticence or lack of interest resulting from thesite’s more recent history. The precinct’s recent history must not be ignored,
however, in interpretation and promotion•

appealing and innovative on-site signage and lighting that will reveal thesignificance of the site and announce the site as a vibrant and interesting‘must-see’ attraction•

expanded provision of short-stay tourist accommodation, which will remain an
important use of facilities within the precinct.

EventsThere is considerable scope to develop the economic potential of special event,conference and exhibition tourism, particularly in light of the anticipated positive
impact of the new Perth Convention and Exhibition Centre on the State’s visitor
market. Special events will result in a considerable increase in the number ofWestern Australians visiting the site, positively influence the local perception of the
precinct, and generate additional revenue. Events could include music, theatre, film,
sport, and social and business functions.
Use of the site as a special events venue will involve consideration of:•compatibility with neighbouring residents and the hospital•integration with tour scheduling•the need for an improved surface in the Main Cell Block forecourt (Parade
Ground)•provision of reticulated three-phase power and an increase in temporary toilet
facilities associated with the Parade Ground.

Tour Products and Services

STRATEGIC VISION

Tour product and service opportunities are considerable, and include:

34•

concentration of the paid-for guided and self-guided tours on the Main Cell
Block and associated features•

introduction of an ‘upmarket’ adventure product in the tunnels•

introduction of new thematic tours, e.g. focussing on the Fenians, architecture,engineering, convicts, great escapes, prisoner art, Aboriginal cultural impacts,
etc•

promotion of high quality and age-specific curriculum-based schools programs•

development of a complete ‘Fremantle Attractions’ package (possibly using‘Smartcard’ technology) and involving the Maritime Museum, Fremantle Arts
Centre, future Military Barracks Museum, the Duyfken replica, Port tours, andharbour cruises.

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3.2.5 Integration
The precinct is located on a prominent and historic site within the City of Fremantle.
Increased integration with the City of Fremantle will enhance the future developmentof the precinct. The following urban design and landscape strategies will contributeto the integration of the precinct in the City of Fremantle:•

increase the visibility of the precinct by –appropriate landscape treatment, including tree pruning and selective tree
removallighting to the perimeter walls
improved signage•

increase legibility of the precinct by reinstatement of visual and physical links within the broader Fremantle context
identification and interpretation of links to historic and significant features in
the City of Fremantle•

increase accessibility to the precinct through –enhancement of pedestrian access to the site with a focus on the entry
complexutilisation of the existing openings in the perimeter walls to access zones
within the precinct
rerouting of the CAT bus to provide direct access to the precinct
upgrading of vehicle access routes
rationalisation of car parking areas outside the perimeter walls

Viewing the community, the business sector and government as partners inachieving common goals is a key principle of the Fremantle Heritage Precinct
Master Plan. Partnerships can provide both social and economic advantages. In
addition, partnerships with groups who have been associated with the use of theplace as a prison or internment camp will enable the healing process to begin. Thispartnership process can move towards a reconciliation, of what is felt by many, to bea painful past, with a more positive future. The proposed Aboriginal Commemorative
Memorial, which will benefit all who visit the precinct, is an example of this kind ofpartnership approach.
A sustainable future for the precinct will be enhanced by:•

developing and nurturing partnerships between the community, business andgovernment.

3.2.7 New Development
The primary objective of the Master Plan is conservation rather than redevelopmentof the site. The precinct has a substantial number of buildings which are capable ofbeing adaptively re-used and although there is generally little need for new buildings,
some new buildings may be required to meet future needs and could offer benefits
to the site. Benefits include the provision of larger internal spaces and new services
without the need for extensive modifications to existing heritage buildings.

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Accordingly, the construction of a new building will be considered if it:is essential to the functional requirements of a desirable outcome andsignificantly improves the viability and synergy of uses•

has minimal visual, heritage and environmental impact•

introduces a function of high civic/public significance and is of outstandingarchitectural design•

is consistent with conservation policies and plans for the place.

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2.0 CONTEXT AND ANALYSIS
2.1

FUTURE ROLE OF THE PRECINCTThe future of the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct needs to evolve at a number oflevels. Firstly, in the international and national context, secondly at a metropolitan
and regional level and thirdly, at the local level.

2.1.1

International and National Context

Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is recognised as a site of national heritage
significance and is currently being considered for nomination as part of a serial
nomination for World Heritage Listing of Australian Convict Sites. These sites
include:•First Government House Site, NSW•

Port Arthur Historic Site, Tasmania•

Coal Mines Historic Site, Tasmania•

Hyde Park Barracks, NSW•

Darlington Probation Station, Maria Island National Park, Tasmania•

Ross Female Convict Station Historic Site, Tasmania•

Great Northern Road Complex, NSW•

Fremantle Prison, WA.

The Australian Convict Sites is the most evocative and widespread set of convict
transportation sites surviving in the world.
The Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is the most intact of Australia’s convict sites.
World Heritage listing would be likely to increase visitor numbers and the profile ofthe precinct as a heritage tourism site. This Master Plan reinforces opportunities
for World Heritage Listing and recommends that the historic link between the
precinct and other elements of the Convict Establishment in Fremantle, should beincorporated into the nomination for World Heritage Listing.

2.1.2

Metropolitan and Regional Context

Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is recognised as the State’s premier heritageicon. As such, it is protected through the City of Fremantle’s Municipal Inventory
and the Heritage Council of Western Australia’s State Heritage Register of Heritage
Places.
It is expected that once completed the Fremantle Prison Heritage precinct Master
Plan will be adopted by the State government and the Heritage Council of Western
Australia and form the basis for future development of the site as Western Australia’s
premier heritage precinct.

2.1.3

Local Context

At a local level, Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is located within the City ofFremantle’s West End Conservation Area. It is expected that once completed
the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct Master Plan will be adopted by the City ofFremantle and incorporated into the West End Conservation Policy.

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2The development of the precinct as a destination-based tourist and mixed-use
centre, with new activities that complement existing facilities, will contribute to thecontinued growth of the Fremantle area as a unique centre of tourist, cultural andeducational activities.

2.2

HISTORY OF THE SITE

The Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct offers a culturally rich experience for all
Australians and overseas visitors. Its history dates from the early years of European
settlement, when it was constructed as the centre of the British Imperial Convict
Establishment in Western Australia.
Within twenty years of the settlement of the Swan River Colony, the colonialadministration petitioned England for the transportation of convicts to the colony.
It was believed that convicts would provide much needed labour for the building ofroads, bridges, jetties and other infrastructure necessary for the economic progress ofthe colony. The first transportation of 75 convicts, on the barque Scindian, arrived at
Fremantle on 1 June 1850. Work on the Imperial Convict Establishment (or Fremantle
Convict Establishment), commenced in 1852 and was completed in 1859.
With less than fifty convicts still imprisoned under the convict system in 1886, theBritish government passed control of Fremantle Prison to the colonial government. It
then became the colony’s, and later the state’s, primary place of incarceration.
To accommodate the female prisoners, an area in the north west corner of the Prison
compound was walled off to become Female Division. Until 1970, when a new facility
was built on the outskirts of Perth, Female Division functioned as the only women’sprison in Western Australia.
During both World Wars, the Australian Army occupied Fremantle Prison. During theSecond World War, the Army used the Prison as an internment centre, as well as thedetention of military personnel.
Despite changes implemented at the Prison in the early twentieth century, the buildings
remained substantially unchanged from the convict era. By the end of the century, they
were vastly inadequate for housing state prisoners. The Prison was decommissioned
on 8 November 1991. It opened as a heritage site in January 1992.

2.3

CONSERVATION AND INTERPRETATION

Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct is one of the most extensively documented
conservation sites in Australia. The conservation imperatives are broadly apparent.
As a high priority, the backlog of maintenance works needs to be addressed andmechanisms put in place to ensure that the intactness of the place is retained for
future generations.
Fundamentally, conservation involves the retention of significant fabric for future
generations. Conservation actions at the precinct will involve all the processes oflooking after a place so as to retain its cultural significance, including:•interpretation•

adaptation for existing and proposed uses•

maintenance•repairIn addition sub-surface remains offer opportunities for interpretation througharchaeological investigations.

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Although the precinct has a system of interpretive devices, it has no formalinterpretation plan or strategy. Without a firm policy and plan for interpretation,
resourcing errors in implementation can happen. A formal interpretation strategy
should be prepared and implemented concurrently with this Master Plan.
Visitor numbers declined following the initial post-decommissioning period andhave only recently reached higher levels. Visitation is a key element of interpretive
conservation at the precinct. Income from visitation is a principal revenue source
and increased numbers of visitors as well as improved visitor experiences would
reinforce interpretive conservation and increase revenue available to conserve theplace.

2.3.1

Links and Layers

The history of the precinct has been well documented, however much of the 20th
century history has yet to be documented, largely because access to prison files
is restricted by state legislation. The provision of facilities for further research will
enhance the understanding of the many layers of history at the site.
Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct has links to other convict establishments
structures still extant in the City of Fremantle, to regional convict depot sites inWestern Australia and to the Australian convict sites. An increase in awareness of
the links to convict era sites within the local, state and national context will assist in
an understanding of the significance of the precinct.

Figure 2.1

Location of convict era sites in Australia

Figure 2.2

Location of convict era sites in Western Australia

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Figure 2.3

2.3.2

Location of extant convict era structures in Fremantle

Significant Buildings

Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct comprises a number of intact convict era
structures, including the limestone perimeter walls, which are of exceptional heritage
significance. Other structures, dating from the time the precinct was in use as acolonial and state prison, are also significant.

Figure 2.4

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3-D View of the Precinct

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Levels of SignificanceExceptional(includes the perimeter walls)

Considerable
Some
Of Little

Figure 2.5

2.3.3

Significant Buildings

Significant Spaces

The open spaces of the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct are particularly
significant. These spaces not only provide impressive settings for the structures ofthe precinct, but are important spaces in their own right. In particular, the extensive
forecourt of the main cell block, with its scale and secure location within theperimeter walls, offers an urban space unparelled in the metropolitan region.

View of the Forecourt and Main Cell Block

View across the East Terrace to the Main
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2.3.4

Significant Landscape Elements

The significant landscape presents an austere and formal quality within the perimeter
walls. Generally the landscape is sparse and simple, comprising unobtrusive
elements such as lawn, low plantings and pavement.
Elements of significant landscape outside the walls include the exotic almondand pine trees on the Terrace. The Terrace Master Plan (1997) has been partly
implemented with the reinstatement of the terrace gardens and the upgrade of asection of the Fairbairn Street Ramp.
The site experiences considerable changes in ground level, natural and man-made,as a result of its location and former use. The site development for the Convict
Establishment involved:•

the creation of a broad level terrace by a process of cut and fill•limestone quarried on and near the site provided the building material•

the spoil was used to build up an inclined rampway - Fairbairn Street Ramp
- and the batter bank ramp to Holdsworth Street.

The ground level is considerably higher in the south western corner of the site withwhat remains of the natural landform, formerly known as ‘Church Hill’, now referred
to as the South Knoll. The eastern portion of the site is also considerably higher
than the ground level established around the main cell block. It is a comparatively
level terrace and is the highest part of the precinct. This change in groundlevel throughout the site can be used as an opportunity to add interest to future
development without compromising the integrity of the historic site.

View of the Fairbairn Street Ramp

2.3.5

View of the South Knoll

Site Features

Archaeological zones and sub-surface remains of varying levels of significance arefound throughout the site. In particular, the sites of the three former cottages to theeast of the perimeter wall in the Hampton Road reserve and the site of the former‘cage’, in the New Division courtyard, are well documented. Any future development
will require archaeological investigation of sub-surface remains.
Other site features are associated with the water supply system constructed in
the 1890s. These features, which include the underground tunnel network, theassociated pumping station and the east reservoir are enticing assets to visitation
yet are currently difficult to fully access. The reservoir has ceased operating as areservoir. Increased access to these site features, in particular the tunnels in the first
instance will provide an exciting visitor experience.
The site is connected to all major services including water, power, sewerage, gas andtelephone.

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2.4

COMMUNITY ASPIRATIONSCommunity consultation is essential in developing a shared vision for the futureof the precinct. The Master Plan has therefore been prepared with extensive
community and stakeholder consultation.
The project consultations provided a rich source of views for the development of the
Master Plan. It was commonly accepted that the buildings on the site require urgent
attention. Key areas of comment were:•

the need to re-integrate the site with the local, state and national communities•

that interpretation is vital to authentically display the history of the site and its
past residents•

that adaptive re-use must be compatible•that a significant resource source will be needed in the future to achieve theseoutcomes•

that government’s continued contribution to resourcing the site is important.

The Master Plan was seen as critical in providing a framework to guide future use
and resourcing for the site.

2.5

TOURISM

The precinct has an important role to play in the development and expansion of
tourism in Western Australia, and a substantial base on which to build. From thecurrent year (2002/03), the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct has received a muchneeded increase in resources to fund marketing and promotion so as to more fully
realize its potential in terms of a well-defined market position in relation to intrastate,interstate or international tourist markets. Further promotion and marketing of thesite would enable it to be positioned as an integral or “must see” component of theFremantle visitor experience for tourists and others.
With current visitor tour numbers at approximately 112,000 per annum, and growth
despite difficulties in the international and interstate tourism markets for Western
Australia, the precinct has a sound base on which to expand its tourist revenue andprominence. Furthermore, during consultation, tourism industry representatives
have suggested that the precinct could achieve perhaps double its present visitor
numbers.
The possibility for dramatically increasing visitor numbers is apparent when numbersof precinct visitors are compared to the number of tourists to the State. The current
visitor mix to the precinct is:•

37% international,•

32% interstate and•

31% local (intrastate).

This means that the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct attracted around 6.9% ofWA’s 446,000 international visitors in the nine months to March 2002, and 3.7% ofWA’s 940,000 interstate visitors in the 12 months to March 2002. By comparison,
Fremantle is estimated to receive 75% of international visitors, and 40%-50% ofinterstate visitors to Western Australia.
At present, the precinct’s paid tourism services and products include a guided tour
program, with night and day schedules, and a self-guided tour of the grounds. ThereP A L A S S I S

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is an Interpretive Visitor Centre and small retail outlets. There is, then, opportunity
for new, extended and higher yield products and services. There is considerable
potential to further improve market penetration, site revenues and profit margins fromvisitor tour and other activity within the recommended framework of this Master Plan.

2.6

SUSTAINABILITY

Sustainability is defined by Western Australian State Sustainability Strategy (draft
2002) as meeting the needs of current and future generations through simultaneous
social, environmental and economic improvement. The Master Plan needs tobalance commercial activity and leasing arrangements with public access andcommunity use whilst ensuring that the precinct has ongoing funding and resources
for its conservation.
Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct has been under-resourced over the last ten years
with a substantial backlog of maintenance receiving insufficient government funding.
Sources of funding to date include:•

proceeds of the sale of the Henderson Street Warder’s Cottages toHomeswest•

direct government funding•

income from visitors•

income from leases (government and non-government)

Total rent generated by the leased properties roughly equates to the outgoings of the
precinct complex, excluding maintenance.
The best commercial rental returns are currently achieved along the Terrace. The
rent being achieved for the West Workshops is reasonable for the style of building,location and local market. The Coastal Business Centre in New Division provides alower rent return. The small retail properties produce only a nominal rent, reflecting
the current limited customer base and their appeal.
In order to achieve a sustainable future, it is important, in the first instance, that the
government provide funding to address the backlog of maintenance that has notbeen fully resourced over the last ten years. Ongoing cyclical maintenance can thenbe implemented in a sustainable way. In recognition of this important site, the state
government has recently made a commitment to funding a substantial portion of themaintenance backlog works.
The consultations revealed a number of individuals and organisations offering topartner in specific enhancements of the site in the future. The Master Plan will
provide an integrated framework with opportunities for both public and private
investment that will maximise revenue return for conservation of the site in the future.

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2.7

INTEGRATION AND ACCESSThe Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct and its context lie within the City ofFremantle’s Inner Urban Area. The Master Plan provides strategies that enable theintegration of the precinct with the City and the broader community with provision forincreased visual, physical, social and economic integration.

2.7.1

Accessibility

Due to the location of the site and the nature of surrounding land uses, Fremantle
Prison Heritage Precinct is highly accessible by both private and public transport.
Public transport
Hampton Road and South Terrace form part of a major bus route for services toFremantle. These services provide bus stops all within close walking distance to theprecinct. The Fremantle CAT bus does not currently provide direct access to theprecinct.
Fremantle is also serviced by train. Whilst the train station is not located within close
proximity to the precinct, it forms an integral part of the transportation network forFremantle carrying a significant number of passengers to and from Fremantle daily.
Vehicular movement and car parking
Vehicular movement around the site is extremely high along both Hampton Road
to the east and Parry Street to the west. The uses located to the west of the site,
particularly the Fremantle Markets and the ‘café strip’ along South Terrace, generatea high level of vehicular movement within close proximity to the site. A substantial
portion of this traffic is accommodated within car parks located directly west of the
precinct (Parry Street car park) and the multi level car park located in Henderson
Street.

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Site Context Analysis

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Vehicle access to the precinct can be obtained via Fothergill Street along thesouthern perimeter wall. This street would have once experienced a lot of usage
as a main artery into the city centre via the now truncated Fairbairn Street Ramp.
Now its only function is to provide access to the precinct and Fremantle Hospital’s
car parks. As a result, the street presents a “back door” feel when arriving at the
precinct by car. Fothergill Street should be upgraded to improve its status to reflectthat it is the main vehicular access point to the precinct and to provide a greater
sense of arrival for visitors to the precinct.
Car parking also presents an issue. The principal parking for the precinct consists of
The Terrace carpark facilities (leased to the City of Fremantle). There currently exist
vehicular/pedestrian conflicts on The Terrace. As views of the precinct are important,
it is necessary to minimise the impact of car parking to this area. Some carparking
is also provided at the northern end of the Hampton Road Reserve. Opportunity
for additional car parking exists along the reserve. Car parking within the perimeter
walls is not supported in the conservation policy for the place.

View of Fairbairn Street Ramp looking
towards Gatehouse

2.7.2

View of Fairbairn Street Ramp looking
towards Henderson Street

Fairbairn Street Ramp

The Fairbairn Street Ramp is a key feature of the prison precinct and once
connected the port and city of Fremantle to the convict depot before being truncatedto allow the Parry Street bypass in the 1980s. Plantings and landscape elements
have further obscured its clarity.
The City of Fremantle has commenced works associated with past studies, toreinstate the visual connection between the precinct and Henderson Street.
Reconstruction of the ramp would increase the visibility of the precinct and therefore
increase visitor numbers, reintegrate the precinct within its urban context and assist
in the credibility of the World Heritage Nomination.

2.7.3

Permeability

Permeability refers to the number of alternative ways to traverse an environment,
within both the public and private realms. In contrast to the surrounding area which
is typically characterised by small urban blocks providing a myriad of vehicular andpedestrian links, the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct, which remains largely
as constructed in the 19th century, occupies a large site and was intentionallyconstructed to reduce permeability and access.
Whilst the continuation of surrounding vehicular links through the site is notdesirable, and pedestrian links are limited due to the perimeter wall, it is important
to improve the links to this significant site. There are a number of existing openings
in the perimeter wall that are blocked or not utilised. The permeability of the site

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would be improved through allowing access to the site through these openings, while
retaining the mystery the walls create. These access points may assist the viabilityof new uses at the site.
Increased access could be achieved by other methods such as opportunities toattend events and special opening times, which improve social access while retaining
the physical barriers to permeability.

Figure 2.2

2.7.4

View from the Fremantle Town Hall, with the precinct clearlyvisible on the right, c1920s. (Courtesy Fremantle City Library)

Legibility

Legibility enables people to form clear, accurate images of a place which aids
considerably in orientation. Legibility is therefore an important element for the future
development of the precinct.
The precinct commands a prominent location within the City, located high on ahill (formerly Church Hill) having a dominant, symbolic impact on the town centre
below. This location made the precinct a strongly identifiable structure in the earlydays of the settlement. However, this prominence has been eroded over time due
to changes within the City and the introduction of landscaping to the top of the bankalong The Terrace.
One of the most significant “legible” elements of the precinct is the vista of theGatehouse when viewed from the bottom of Fairbairn Street in Henderson Street.
There are other significant vistas of the precinct that can be reinstated to improve
the legibility of the site within the City. These include views of the from Parry Street(north of Holdsworth Street), the Parry Street car park and from further afield, suchas Monument Hill.
Aside from the legibility of the site in terms of its immediate surrounds, the siteshould also be considered within the broader context of the City of Fremantle
and other projects currently being undertaken within the City. It may be possible
to establish connections with other areas of Fremantle such as Queens Street,King’s Square, train station, Fremantle Harbour, Fremantle Lunatic Asylum and theEsplanade. Through strengthening the links with these areas of the City, the precinct
can then play a more prominent role in the “legibility” of Fremantle. The more
integration the precinct can achieve with other Fremantle attractions, the greater the
chance future development on the site has of success.

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2.8

FUTURE USES AND DEVELOPMENT

Future uses and development are determined by what is both compatible andfeasible. This means that future uses and development must respect the cultural
significance of the place while taking into account the condition of the place,procurable resources, and continuing economic sustainability.
The existing uses have been assessed to determine their continued feasibility, andan investigation of a range of uses that would increase use of the site and create
visitor interest has been undertaken.
There are currently a number of existing uses accommodated at the precinct
including:•

Holiday Accommodation•

Greening W.A.

•

Primary Care Mental Health Unit•

Department of Education•

Department of Training – TAFE•

Coastal Business Centre•

Fremantle Children’s Literature Centre•

Fremantle & Districts Model Railway•

Gatehouse Gift-shop•

Convict Café.

The precinct occupies a significant amount of land, located within close proximity to
the Fremantle city centre. However, the built form on the site is specific to its former
use, firstly as a convict establishment and then a prison. The nature of the past useof the precinct provides some limitations to future use.
Despite the challenges that the precinct presents, it is possible to identify potential
land uses based on an analysis of market trends for specific land uses and thecompatibility of uses with the existing infrastructure and established tourism related
operations. The following opportunities and constraints relating to land use anddevelopment of the places that comprise the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct havebeen considered below.

2.8.1

Opportunities

The precinct has the opportunity to attract the following land uses. These opportunities
are based on existing land uses and activities within the precinct, its close proximity to
the Fremantle city centre and other related tourist/convict settlement attractions.
Tourism

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P A L A S S I STourism uses associated withthe past use and the heritage
significance of the site willcontinue to be the main focus of
the precinct. There is opportunity
to expand the tourism activities ofthe precinct to incorporate larger
scale events, and other tourist
activities such as tours of theunderground reservoir tunnels.

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Cultural and Heritage Services

In keeping with the heritage
significance of the precinct,
cultural and heritage
services are consideredappropriate and importantuses that will add to thevisitor’s experience andenrich the community’sunderstanding of thesite. These uses include
activities such as archives, genealogy, researchfacilities, museums etc.

Education

Educational land uses
are considered to behighly compatible withthe future use of the
precinct. Educational
uses are currently
operating on the site suchas the TAFE Jewellery
studios and Children’s
Literature Centre. Specificeducational programs that
relate to the site’s convict history and construction
techniques would be ideal.

RetailLimited conventional retailopportunities exist for the
precinct. Most parts of thesite are not well located inorder to capitalise on the
movement economy andother surrounding activities,
therefore conventional
retail is not considered an
opportunity for the site.
However, it is anticipatedthat there will be anumber of retail activities
associated with the otheroperations on the site as an ancillary, but important
activity, in the form of tourist outlets, craft/jewellery
shops, cafes and restaurants.

Special Event Venue

The large and unique spaces
within the site and its buildings,
make it ideal to become one ofPerth’s premium special event
venues. The forecourt to themain cell block is a versatile
space (once unencumberedthrough the removal of raised
former garden areas) to hosta range of events such as
car shows, festivals, outdoor
theatre/music, and conferences.
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Accommodation

Short stay accommodation,
designed to meet a rangeof budgets, is considered
to be a compatible usewith the tourism/retailand special event uses
proposed for the site. Perth (excluding Fremantle)
is currently considered to be over-supplied withshort-stay accommodation in some sectors andregrettably, it is not possible to obtain occupancy
levels for backpacker facilities. They are generally
too low in room numbers to be registered.
However, it is considered that demand for lowcost backpacker-style accommodation is growing
and, at the opposite end of the market, there areopportunities for smaller boutique-style high quality
accommodation.

Creative production

This use is considered
consistent andcomplementary with theother uses proposed forthe site. Furthermore,
a number of existingbuildings within the precinct are considered to beeasily adaptable for production uses, such as artsand crafts as well as trades such as carpentry andstone masonry.

The following land uses are considered inappropriate within the precinct for thefollowing reasons:

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Residential -Residential uses are not considered appropriate
due the extensive modification that would be
required to be made to the precinct in order toaccommodate appropriate built form for residential
purposes. Substantial modification of the precinct
would impact on its heritage integrity. Furthermore,
it is considered that if the precinct were developed
for residential purposes, the tourist operations
within the precinct would be compromised.

Commercial -The Fremantle commercial centre currently faces
economic challenges and competition. Whilst the
precinct is within close proximity to the commercial
centre, market advice indicates that stand alone
commercial development would find it difficult
to succeed due to the isolation of the precinct
and competition from existing, better locatedcommercial areas.

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2.9

OWNERSHIP & MANAGEMENT

Ownership of the Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct and surrounding areas isshown in the figure below.

Figure 2.3

Plan showing land ownershipWith the exception of Lot 1389 (owned by the City of Fremantle) the remainderof the land is owned by the Crown. Most of the ownership details have remained
unchanged since the early 1900s. The first major changes occurred when the ParryStreet ring road was constructed. As there is no non-government land ownershipwithin the site or immediate area relating to the site, future development should be
relatively easy to coordinate.
The Master Plan brief did not include reference to management of the precinct,
however future management and ownership issues will impact substantially on thelong-term sustainability of the precinct and need to be considered as part of theimplementation of the Master Plan.
There are a number of differing examples of management systems for heritage site
and for tourist attractions, currently operating in Australia and overseas. The majorityof these agencies are set up with clear goals for particular pieces of land, or clear
goals for certain outcomes.
Currently, a range of government agencies run/manage what can be classed as
visitor attractions, for example:•

CALM - National Parks, tourist attractions•

Kings Park Board – Kings Park•

Department of Planning and Infrastructure – Whiteman Park•W A Museum – museums•

Zoological Gardens Board - Perth Zoo•

Rottnest Island Authority – Rottnest Island•

Department of Transport – Hillarys Boat Harbour

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Department of Culture & Arts - WA Art Gallery•

State Sports Centre Trust – Challenge Stadium, etc.

The function of managing a tourist attraction requires a number of specific skill
sets, normally handled by the private sector. However, the management of heritage
assets in Australia is most commonly a government or community function.
Examples of these management bodies for sites of heritage significance include:•

Port Arthur Historic Site Management Authority - established by the
Tasmanian Government in 1987 to manage the Port Arthur Historic Site•

The Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales - a statutory authority within
the New South Wales Ministry for the Arts established in 1980 to run Vaucluse
House and Elizabeth Bay House. It has now grown to manage 13 diverse
sites and properties including houses, public buildings, a farm, gardens,
parklands, a beach and urban spaces.

•

Sydney Harbour Federation Trust - set up by the Commonwealth Government
in 2001 to plan the future of former Defence and other special Commonwealthlands on Sydney Harbour. These lands contain historic buildings and areas ofpristine natural vegetation, magnificent views of the harbour and a record of
the city’s Aboriginal, maritime and defence heritage.

Hyde Park Barracks, Sydney

Port Arthur Historic Site, Tasmania

If the government’s role is broadly defined as a combination of heritage retention
and budgetary control, it is likely that the heritage property would remain ingovernment ownership and private operators could lease or be contracted to
manage aspects of the site and activities, or the complete site.
However, private operators are unlikely to accept responsibility for expensive
interpretation, collection or care of heritage artefacts. Therefore, while it may berelatively simple to decide that government should not operate, for instance a hotelon the site, it is possible that heritage needs would be more effectively subsidised/supported with ongoing government management of the tourist activities, a situation
not dissimilar to Rottnest Island, the Perth Zoo or the Perth Mint, all excellent tourism
operations.
Further analysis and the production of a business plan for the site should define
these issues. However, it is recommended that initially and throughout the processof implementing the Masterplan, government continue to own and operate thefacilities and activities.

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Once established buildings and/or businesses can be leased or placed undermanagement contract to the private sector, e.g. short stay accommodation. Tour
activity, once established, could again be leased as a business to the private sector.
Subsequent business planning would determined which arrangement provides
government with the highest return while protecting heritage values.

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5.0 IMPLEMENTATION AND PHASING
5.1

ONGOING REVIEW OF THE MASTER PLAN

The Master Plan provides a 10-15 year vision for the Fremantle Prison Heritage
Precinct. During implementation the plan and its objectives should be monitored andreviewed either by the existing organization or that which is ultimately responsible forthe site.

5.2

MANAGEMENT AND OWNERSHIP

Changes in the community’s expectations and the political environment are having
a significant impact on the management of heritage sites. For this reason it isconsidered appropriate that the Master Plan should attempt to identify a rangeof potential management structures that are capable of providing a focussed,
empowered management structure that is recognised by both the public and private
sectors The project brief for this Master Plan did not include a requirement to study
management structures. However, the issue was raised by a number of stakeholders
and contributors as important to the future of the precinct. It is recommended that areview of management models be undertaken in conjunction with the implementationof the Plan with a view to adopting a structure that will deliver its key outcomes.
The review will need to consider Government policies in relation to management in
the public sector and of public assets. Financial frameworks that enable the efficientattraction, management and expenditure of funds will also need to be considered.
The management review will also need to consider the legislative framework thatenables the site to operate in its current and future forms.
At present, the precinct is vested in the Minister for Works “for the designatedpurpose of conservation and management of historic buildings and ancillary andbeneficial uses thereto” (Vesting Order, DOLA ref 866/944V3). The precinct ismanaged on behalf of the Minister by the Department of Housing and Works asa Public Work (Section 2.14 protection and preservation of any cave or place of
scientific or historical interest) under the Public Works Act 1902 (as amended). Thislegislation enables all activities proposed in this Master Plan to be undertaken.
Models that contemplate a shift of management to another Government agency
would need to assess what legislative changes would be required, the desirability of
new legislation and the time frame that would be required to enable a new host to
take over management responsibility.
It is noted that under its constitution the Fremantle Prison Trust Committee is anadvisory body that does not have authority or responsibility in relation to the site.
Therefore the contemplation of management models should assess whether anadvice only body is necessary, or whether implementation of the Plan would bebetter served by a structure that has a purpose and/or benefits beyond simple
advice. Issues such as the processes of the Heritage Act of Western Australia
1990 in relation to approvals for developments by the Heritage Council of Western
Australia should guide the need for, and role of a dedicated body.
A number of management models is described below which may assist in this review.

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Option 1 - Management Body
Option 1 is to transfer the management of the site over to a single governing bodythat is capable of and prepared to carry out this task in perpetuity. This is consistent
with the current management system under the Department of Housing and Works.
Option 2 - Management Board
Option 2 would be to transfer the management of the site over to a single governing
body, such as a Board, that is capable of, and prepared to, carry out this task for thelong term. The Board for the site could be established under the Parks and Reserves
Act (the site being designated as a reserve and accordingly current vesting would
need to be changed ). As no change in legislation is required to establish the Board,
it could be operational with minimal delay. The Board would have statutory powers
with the ability to lease, manage and act in a corporate capacity, including thepower to approve development. Funds generated from the lease of land would bedesignated for site improvements and management programmes.
Option 3 – Foundation
Option 3 would be the establishment of a Foundation that would have a specific rolein raising the profile of the place and attracting funding to assist in its conservation,interpretation and development. A foundation would provide a mechanism toretain monies year-in, year-out without exposure to the Consolidated Fund and atransparent process for the application of funds to agreed projects.
In addition to gaining access to grants programs that exclude government agencies,
the Foundation would be able to comply with the requirements for deductibility under
the Tax Act which could also encourage donations of money and artefacts. There
may also be other complementary activities that the Foundation could undertake thatare more complex under Government processes.
The Foundation would target the establishment of a small Board of suitably qualified
people with networks that will assist in achieving its goals under the Master Plan
framework. Under this option, the Department could continue in its management role
for the site and provide executive support to the Foundation.
Option 4- Statutory Authority
This option would be modelled along the lines of the Redevelopment Authorities,
the Rottnest Island Authority and the Perth Zoo. This option represents a holistic
approach to the site’s management and development, but is potentially costly toestablish and operate. To establish an Authority requires a specific Act of Parliamentand associated Regulations. The establishment of such an Authority would also takesome time however is it considered the most appropriate option. Such an Authority
would establish a Board, which could be served by the existing management team
who would be appointed as employees of the Authority.
The approved Master Plan would be adopted and implemented by the Authority. In
order to establish the Authority, initial funding will be required. Once established,
the Authority would have the capacity to approve development and lease sites inaccordance with their Charter and the approved Master Plan.

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5.3

COST OF IMPLEMENTATION AND POTENTIAL FOR
REVENUE

Fremantle Prison Heritage Precinct has an area of approximately six hectares
including a substantial amount of open space and a large number of significant
heritage buildings. It is a place of exceptional cultural heritage significance. The
conservation and adaptation of the site will involve significant costs over the
implementation period of the plan.
In arriving at these costs consideration has been given to the past use of the site,which was in use as a convict depot and then as a prison for almost one hundredand fifty years. During this time public access was limited. Over the last ten years
the site has been opened as a heritage site.
Some of the cost implications arising from these past uses include:•
general maintenance practices over the later years of use as a maximum
security prison were not of a standard in accordance with conservation
practices, which has left a substantial legacy of problems affecting the fabricof the site•

maintenance of the buildings has been limited by available resources overrecent years and there is a considerable backlog of maintenance works•

the site is of exceptional heritage significance and the conservation of thefabric is both costly and time consuming with unknown factors likely to arise;
and,•the Master Plan provides for both interpretation of the cultural heritage
significance of the precinct and the adaptive reuse of the buildings which will
require capital expenditure

5.3.1 Indicative Budget Costs
Indicative budget costs have been prepared for maintenance, conservation,interpretation, adaptation and new building works.
The indicative budget costs have been calculated by examination of each zone asshown in the Master Plan and by consideration of the assessed levels of significanceand existing condition of the fabric.
The costs are indicative for the purpose of master planning only. Details of designlevels of finishes and condition of existing fabric when exposed during works may
result in considerable variations. It is recommended that a Quantity Surveyor be
engaged as part of any future design team to assist in establishing budgets specificto each zone.
The Master Plan recognises that the State Government approved a budget of $1.3
million over two years commencing in 2004/05 being part of a four-year strategic
maintenance program valued at $2.1 million in 2001. This program targets theMain Cell Block and Perimeter Walls in the areas of (rain) water management anddrainage, stonework remediation and visitor access and safety. It is understood thatapplications for funding for the balance of the program have been submitted as partof the annual budgeting process.

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Summary of Budget Costs
In summary, costs have been identified in five key areas:
External Works: works that must be completed as part of the maintenance backlog.
Indicative Budget Amount:$2,289,000.00

Internal Works: works that should be completed as part of the ongoing care of theplace. In many cases these works can be carried out as part of the adaptive reuseworks.
Indicative Budget Amount:$1,826,000.00

Interpretation: works to enhance the visitor experience and to interpret the heritage
significance of the place. In some cases these works can be carried out as part of
the adaptive reuse works.
Indicative Budget Amount:$1,940,000.00

Adaptive Works comprising:
Modification to adapt the fabric to comply with current building codes including
making safe and comfortable for visitors
Fitout to adapt for existing and new uses
Indicative Budget Amount:$13,261,000.00

New Building Works refers to potential future development opportunities within the
precinct.
Indicative Budget Amount:$21,660,000.00

5.3.2 Potential Revenue Sources
It is recognised that the cost of implementing the plan cannot be met entirely frompublic sources. The Master Plan recommends a number of compatible uses which
will assist in ensuring that the Precinct has a sustainable future. In the first instancegovernment funding will address the substantial backlog of maintenance and will
facilitate the implementation of the Master Plan. Potential revenue sources primarily
comprise: tourism revenue through visitors to the site and events funding throughuse of the significant forecourt area; leasing opportunities through the adaptive reuseof buildings on the site, and the attraction of partnership and grant funding.
As in the case of cost estimates, the estimates of revenue must be regarded asprovisional at this stage, and subject to revision as the Master Plan is implemented.
Visitors
Tourism industry consultation and consideration of potential products andexperiences suggests that improvement can be made in market penetration,
revenues and profit margins from visitor tour activity. The revenue opportunities inthe development of short-stay accommodation and restaurant facilities will needmore detailed planning and costing, and may require testing the market through acall for expressions of interest.
Initial estimates for the proposals contained in the Master Plan anticipate thePrecinct increasing its market share to 10% to 15% of WA’s international visitors,
and 5% to 10% of WA’s interstate visitors, over a four to five year period. With new100

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Conservative and ‘best-case’ visitor scenarios for the proposed tour products andservices are estimated for the year 2010, based on 2002 visitor analysis and theintroduction of new product s and services over a four to five year period.
Conservative Scenario
2002 Visitors2010 Visitors

Western Australia

Precinct

Western Australia

PrecinctInternational (1)600,000

41,440760,000

76,000Interstate (2)950,000

35,8401,113,000

55,650Intrastate (3)N/A34,720N/A

40,675

TOTAL

112,000

172,325

Notes on the projections
1.

The WA international visitor figure for 2002 is calculated by the consultants on theavailable figure for the nine months (July 2001 – March 2002). A 3% per annum
growth is applied from 2002 to 2010.
The precinct visitor numbers are calculated by the consultants on figures provided
by precinct management. In 2002 it is estimated that 37% of total precinct visitors(112,000) were from an international source. In 2002 this results in the precinct
achieving 6.9% market share of WA’s international visitors. It is estimated that by 2010
this will grow to 10% (76,000).

2.

The Western Australian interstate visitor figure for 2002 (950,000) is estimated by
the consultants on the basis of the 12 month figure (940,000) to March 2002. A 2%
per annum growth is applied from 2002 to 2010. The precinct visitor numbers arecalculated by the Consultants on figures provided by precinct management. In 2002
it is estimated that 32% of total precinct visitors (112,000) were from an interstatesource. In 2002, this results in the precinct achieving a 3.7% market share of WA’s
interstate visitors. It is estimated that by 2010, this will grow to 5% (55,650).

3.

The Western Australian intrastate visitor/tourist numbers are not considered relevant toa calculation/estimate of future precinct visitors from the Western Australian market.
The precinct visitor numbers (64,720) for 2002 are calculated by the consultants on
figures provided by precinct management. In 2002 it is estimated that 31% of total
precinct visitors (112,000) were from Western Australia. A 2% per annum growth isapplied from 2002 to 2010.

Best Case Scenario
2002 Visitors2010 Visitors

Western Australia

Precinct

Western Australia

PrecinctInternational (4)600,000

41,440956,300

143,445

Interstate (5)950,000

35,8401,203,430

120,343

Intrastate (6)N/A34,720N/A

43,983

TOTAL

112,000

P A L A S S I S

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4.

International visitors to Western Australia are estimated to grow at an average of 6%
per annum. By the year 2010 the precinct is estimated to have a 15% “market share”
of these visitors (143,445).

5.

Interstate visitors to Western Australia are estimated to grow at an average of 4% perannum. By the year 2010, the precinct is estimated to have a 10% “market share” ofthese visitors (120,343).

6.

A 3% per annum average growth rate is applied to the Western Australian visitors from2002 to 2010.

These growth scenarios indicate in a change in the market mix over the period
considered. It could be expected that the local (intrastate) market would respondfirst and then settle with the out-of-state markets responding more slowly to thechanges. The growth scenario utilised in the best case is not inconsistent with theWestern Australian industry growth patterns prior to 2001/2002. Importantly, it canbe projected that these growth scenarios combined with higher yield and greater
operational efficiencies will generate net operating surpluses as follows.
Summary of Tourism Growth Projections
The current net return for tour operation is estimated as 25% of total tour revenue
and it is estimated that returns from scale, and increased prices, will result inthis increasing to 35% by 2010. The 2001 average ticket price was $10.52, it isexpected that by 2010 this will have risen to $15 as a result of inflation and productimprovement factors.
The result of the above projections and estimates suggests that by 2010 the
precinct’s basic tour product could be generating an annual net surplus in the range
of $905,000 to $1,615,000 on $2.584m to $4.616m of revenue.
The Tunnels
The proposed ‘Tunnel Expedition’ tours represent a further net operating returncalculated as follows:•

the tour is expected to take 2.5 to 3 hours, including briefings, preparation anddebriefing, with 1 – 1.5 hours in the tunnels•

it is estimated that maximum capacity in the tunnels (on a tour) is 24 persons.
On average, 5 tours per day, 350 days a year (allowing for maintenance etc.)
could operate, representing a possible 1,750 tours and 42,000 participants•the ‘Tunnel Expeditions’ are expected to allow a premium per-head charge for
adults of $40 (i.e. $13/hour) the average price is expected to be $35 allowing
for discounts•

the operating cost of a tour (excluding overheads included in general tours)
is primarily associated with staff/guide costs and protective equipment. Staff
costs are estimated at four staff per tour (three underground and one up top)
for four hours each at $20 per hour i.e. $320, other costs at $50 per tour, atotal cost/tour of $370.

A forecast 26,000 participants is estimated to generate an operating surplus of$429.000 p.a.
Leasing
At present total rent generated by the leased properties roughly equates to theoutgoings of the Precinct, excluding maintenance. The Master Plan has identified a
range of uses most likely to maximise ongoing rental opportunities.

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Buildings and/or businesses can be leased or placed under management contract tothe private sector, e.g. short stay accommodation, retail outlets, cafes. Tour activity,
once established, could again be leased as a business to the private sector, shoulda financial model prove satisfactory and areas traditionally unattractive to the sector
such as curatorial, interpretation and education activities are fully integrated.
Funding generated by these sources is essential to assist in the economic viability of
the Precinct and Leases can provide income whilst maintaining public access to thesite and respecting the cultural heritage of the Precinct. This income can be used tooffset the ongoing costs of maintenance, and for the improvement of the interpretive
experience.
However, there is a relationship between the potential rental income and the extent
of building adaptation undertaken. Full works to a standard that enables a user tooccupy a building with little further expenditure will provide the highest gross rental.
Conversely works that are limited to essential building compliance may still leave
substantial building refurbishment costs to be undertaken by the user. Under thesecircumstances the rent received will be less. The objective to find the appropriatebalance between building works expenditure and net income.
In order to ensure that management of commercial leases and the generation offunds through the use of Precinct’s assets are carried out in a publicly transparent
and consistent manner, the management of the site will need to:•develop a Leasing Policy that is compatible with the goals and objectives ofthe Master Plan and offers leasing of premises through a publicly transparent
and competitive process•ensure commercial leases and other revenue generating activities are drawn
from the nature and character of the place and assist in the enhancement of
the character and heritage value of each place and its context•

maintain generally market-based rentals and use terms, whilst permittingsome community groups to occupy buildings at rental less than full market
rates utilising a contestable process•ensure funding pressures and commercial activities do not adversely impact
on sensitive areas and are complementary to the character and significance ofthe buildings and the Precinct as a whole.

Partnerships and Grants
There is potential for the precinct to attract sponsorship and grants for specificprojects. At present the management structure for the site limits this potential.
Mechanisms should be put in place to enable these sources of funding to beaccessed. One such mechanism is the creation of a foundation, as mentioned
above, to facilitate partnerships and grants.
Examples of these funding potentials include:•sponsorship of the tunnel experience by the mining sector;•

sponsorships for exhibitions;•grants for research initiatives;•funding for educational opportunities; and•partnerships with government and or government agencies in creative
production.

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5.4

IMPLEMENTATION TASKS AND TIMEFRAMES

5.4.1 Determination of Priorities
Implementation of the Master Plan will take place over a number of years. It will
require a management process that enables the selection of the most worthwhile
projects, while balancing a range of considerations like public benefit, cost, ease of
implementation etc.
The priorities for implementation tasks have been placed in order of priority so that
activities which have a lower level of cost burden and which will assist in contributing
funds to the site are undertaken as the first priority. More costly strategies, while
potentially contributing greatly to the site can be implemented in the later stages.
The indicative timeframe is set out as follows:•

Urgent Works

0-2 years•

Short Term Actions

2-5 years•

Medium Term Actions

5-10 years•

Long Term Actions

10-15 years

It is expected that the priorities will change over the course of the implementationof the Master Plan due to a number of factors, such as procurable resources andcommunity desires. These changes can be accommodated within the monitoring
and review process.

5.4.2 Conflicting Policy Objectives
On any one site, a number of the overarching objectives and policies will be
relevant. Depending on the proposal put forward to implement outcomes, thereis the likelihood that conflict will arise between different policies. The frameworkof this Master Plan has been prepared to minimise these conflicts, however the
management, in consultation with the Heritage Council of Western Australia, willneed set up a process that enables either a balance to be struck or a priority to be
determined between any conflicting policies and the outcomes recommended for aparticular site in the Master Plan.

5.4.3 Ongoing Consultation
Community and stakeholder involvement will continue once the Master Plan has
been approved. The implementation of the plan will involve many opportunities for
co-operatively realising the vision of the Master Plan.

5.4.4 Implementation Tasks
There are a number of tasks that will need to be addressed to implement the
proposed Master Plan. Implementation tasks are outlined below in terms of eachidentified zone (Refer Master Plan Figure 5.1 ).
Implementation of the following processes should be undertaken concurrently with
implementation actions outlined below.
Implementation processes include:104•

determination of appropriate management structure;•

preparation of an interpretation strategy;•

development of supporting policies, such as interpretation and leasing

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5
policies;•

commencing projects/activities on sites; and,•leasing of buildings/areas of sites.

All proposed actions will be undertaken in consultation with the Heritage Council ofWestern Australia at the planning stage and prior to implementation.
This Master Plan calls for the early development of:•
the Gatehouse and Entry Complex (Zone A) as an active and vibrant centre
for visitors, tourism and cultural heritage services.
•

the adventure/heritage tours of the underground tunnels (Zone J) to provide
an exciting and marketable experience.

•

the Forecourt (Zone B) as the primary open space of the precinct, providing
an impressive setting for the Main Cell Block and unique spatial experience forvisitors to the precinct.

This will consolidate the importance of the precinct, continue the momentum ofinterest generated by the Master Plan process and realise the untapped potential forthe generation of income.
The following tables indicate the scope of works for each of the zones within the
precinct.

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5Zone A:
Gatehouse and Entry Complex
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External WorksUrgentScaffold for access$20,000.00

Walls$120,000.00

External Joinery$30,000.00

External Interpretation$20,000.00

Short$80,000.00

Short

Modification$250,000.00

Short

Internal Fit-out$650,000.00

Short

Internal Interpretation$50,000.00

Short

Interior
Internal Works
Adaptive Works

Total$1,220,000.00

Zone B
Forecourt of the Main Cell Block
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

Short/Medium

Walls$20,000.00

Conserve courtyard buildings$30,000.00

Adaptive Works
Remove garden beds/
provide new ground finishes,
drainage etc$840,000.00

New services – lights power$200,000.00

External Interpretation
Total

106

P A L A S S I S$20,000.00$1,110,000.00

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5Zone C
Main Cell Block
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External WorksUrgentScaffold for access$175,000.00

Roof$20,000.00

Roof plumbing$30,000.00

Walls$180,000.00

External Joinery$40,000.00

External Interpretation$100,000.00

Short$650,000.00

MediumModification$1,800,000.00

MediumInternal Fit-out$250,000.00

MediumInternal Interpretation$1,000,000.00

MediumTotal$4,245,000.00

Interior
Internal Works
Adaptive Works

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5Zone D
Female Division
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

MediumRoof$120,000.00

Roof plumbing$30,000.00

External Joinery$20,000.00

External Interpretation$20,000.00

Long$210,000.00

Long

Modification$125,000.00

Long

Internal Fit-out$125,000.00

Long

Internal Interpretation$20,000.00

Long

Total

$670,000.00

Interior
Internal Works
Adaptive WorksWest Workshops
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

Short

Roof plumbing$10,000.00

Walls$30,000.00

External Joinery$15,000.00

External Interpretation$20,000.00

Long$66,000.00

Long

Modification$125,000.00

Long

Internal Fit-out$125,000.00

Long

Internal Interpretation$20,000.00

Long

Total

$411,000.00

Interior
Internal Works
Adaptive Works

108

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5Zone ENew Division
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

Short

Scaffold for access$100,000.00

Roof$50,000.00

Walls$30,000.00

External Joinery$50,000.00

MediumExternal Interpretation$20,000.00

Medium$60,000.00

MediumModification$3,208,000.00

MediumInternal Fit-out$450,000.00

MediumInternal Interpretation$20,000.00

MediumInterior
Internal Works
Adaptive Works

Total$4,008,000.00

Development Site
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

New building works
400m2 footprint/ 1200m2 GFA$1,800,000.00
Parking, landscape works etc $460,000.00
Total$2,260,000.00

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5Zone F
Hospital
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

Short

Roof

$52,000.00

Roof plumbing$4,000.00

Walls$4,000.00

External Joinery$10,000.00

External Interpretation$5,000.00

Medium$15,000.00

Long

Modification$150,000.00

Long

Internal Fit-out$303,000.00

Long

Internal Interpretation$20,000.00

Long

Total

$563,000.00

Interior
Internal Works
Adaptive Works

Zone G
Perimeter Walls
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External WorksUrgentWalls$240,000.00

External Joinery$10,000.00

Interpretation$100,000.00

Short$50,000.00

MediumAdaptive Works
Modification
Total

110

P A L A S S I S$400,000.00

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5Zone H
Hampton Road Reserve
Task

Indicative Cost

New Car park

$150,000.00

External Interpretation$100,000.00

Total$350,000.00

Timeframe

Zone I
East Reservoir and East Terrace
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

MediumRoof$110,000.00

Roof plumbing$40,000.00

Walls and drains$150,000.00

External Joinery$5,000.00

External Interpretation$20,000.00

Medium$180,000.00

Long

Modification$560,000.00

Long

Internal Fit-out$840,000.00

Long

Internal Interpretation$20,000.00

Long

Interior
Internal Works
Adaptive Works

Total$2,025,000.00

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5Zone J
Pumping Station and Tunnels
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External WorksUrgentRoof$15,000.00

Roof plumbing$5,000.00

Walls$5,000.00

External Joinery$2,000.00

External Interpretation$20,000.00

Short$250,000.00

Short

Modification$350,000.00

Short

Internal Fit-out$150,000.00

Short

Internal Interpretation$200,000.00

Short

Total

$997,000.00

Interior
Internal Works
Adaptive Works

Zone K
East Workshops
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

Short

Roof

$100,000.00

Roof plumbing$20,000.00

Walls$35,000.00

External Joinery$12,000.00

External Interpretation$20,000.00

Interior

112

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5Internal Works$25,000.00

MediumModification$600,000.00

MediumInternal Fit-out$280,000.00

MediumInternal Interpretation$20,000.00

MediumAdaptive Works

Total$1,112,000.00

Zone LSouthern End of Main Cell Block
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

Short

Scaffold access$25,000.00

Roof$10,000.00

Roof plumbing$10,000.00

Walls & masonry$50,000.00

External Joinery$5,000.00

External Interpretation$5,000.00

Long$50,000.00

Long

Modification$900,000.00

Long

Internal Fit-out$1,400,000.00

Long

Internal Interpretation$50,000.00

Long$1,500,000.00

Long

Interior
Internal Works
Adaptive Works

New courtyard buildings
1000m2 GFA
Total$4,005,000.00

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Development Zone
Task

Indicative Cost

New Building Works

TimeframeLong

4000m2 GFA$8,000,000.00

Long$250,000.00

Long$2,000,000.00

Long

Fit-out – offices/workrooms

Interpretation/displays
Total$10,250,000.00

Zone NSouth Knoll
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

External Works
Repairs to landscape$50,000.00

MediumAccess improvements$20,000.00

Medium$10,000.00

MediumExternal Interpretation

New Interpretative landscaped park
$500,000.00
Total

Long

$580,000.00

Zone P
Development Zone
Task

Indicative Cost

New Building Works
4000m2 GFA

TimeframeLong$6,000,000.00

Long

Internal Fit-out – offices/workrooms$1,000,000.00
Total
114

P A L A S S I S$7,000,000.00
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5Zone Q2,4 and 6 The Terrace
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

Short

Walls

$10,000.00

External Joinery$10,000.00

External Interpretation$2,000.00

Interior
Internal Works$50,000.00

MediumModification$50,000.00

MediumInternal Fit-out$30,000.00

MediumInternal Interpretation$2,000.00

MediumAdaptive Works

Total$154,000.00

8 The Terrace
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

Short

Walls

$10,000.00

External Joinery$10,000.00

External Interpretation$2,000.00

Short$50,000.00

Short

Modification$100,000.00

Short

Internal Fit-out$100,000.00

Short

Internal Interpretation$2,000.00

Short

Interior
Internal Works
Adaptive Works

Total$274,000.00

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10 The Terrace
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works
Walls$10,000.00

External Joinery$10,000.00

External Interpretation$2,000.00

Interior
Internal Works$60,000.00

Short

Modification$150,000.00

Short

Internal Fit-out$100,000.00

Short

Internal Interpretation$2,000.00

Short

Adaptive Works

Total$334,000.00

16 The Terrace
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

Short

Scaffold for access$20,000.00

Roof$25,000.00

Walls$10,000.00

External Joinery$10,000.00

External Interpretation$2,000.00

Short$60,000.00

Short

Modification$150,000.00

Short

Internal Fit-out$100,000.00

Short

Internal Interpretation$2,000.00

Short

Interior
Internal Works
Adaptive Works

Total

116

P A L A S S I S$379,000.00

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18 The Terrace
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works

Short

Walls

$5,000.00

External Joinery$20,000.00

External Interpretation$2,000.00

Interior
Internal Works$20,000.00

Short

Modification$150,000.00

Short

Internal Fit-out$100,000.00

Short

Internal Interpretation$2,000.00

Short

Adaptive Works

Total$299,000.00

Landscaping
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works
Pruning trees etc$10,000.00

Short

External Interpretation$20,000.00

Short

Total

$30,000.00

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5Zone R
Fairbairn Street Ramp
(outside Precinct Area – not included in summary of costs)
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

External Works

Short

Pruning trees and general upgrade of landscape etc$50,000.00
Adaptive Works

MediumModify steps to formshallow gradient$70,000.00

External Interpretation––

Mediumlink between Warders’ Cottage and precinct

Total$60,000.00$180,000.00

Zone S
Warder’s Cottages(outside Precinct Area – not included in summary of costs)
Task

Indicative Cost

Timeframe

Exterior
External Works$10,000.00

External Interpretation – including visual links to street and precinct$20,000.00

Long$15,000.00

Long

Interior
Internal Works
Adaptive Works

118

MediumModification$50,000.00

Long

Internal Fit-out$50,000.00

Long

Internal Interpretation$30,000.00

Long

Total

$175,000.00

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APPENDIX A

BIBLIOGRAPHY
BMA, Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use Working Paper On Future
Uses , BMA, 1992
Campbell, R Mck, The Fremantle Prison: A Report on its Past, Present & Future,
Unpublished report, 1975
City of Fremantle, Fremantle City Centre Urban Design Strategy, City of Fremantle,
1996
Commonwealth of Australia, Australian Convict Sites, Nomination by theGovernment of Australia for Inscription on the World Heritage Lis t , Commonwealthof Australia, 1999
Considine & Griffiths Architects Pty Ltd, Fremantle Prison: Anglican Chapel; Getty
Grant Investigation & Report , 1996
Considine & Griffiths Architects Pty Ltd & Antill, C, Fremantle Prison: Master Plan
Study The Terrace, CAMS, 1997
Desmond Freeman Associates, Fremantle Prison ‘Living Museum Project’:Preliminary Report on Options for the Development of Fremantle Prison ,Unpublished report, 1999
Eric Martin and Associates, Fremantle Prison: Access Report – Final Report, CAMS,
2000
Fremantle Prison Management Committee, Fremantle Prison: Draft Conservationand Management Plan, State Planning Commission (WA), 1998
Fremantle Prison Trust Committee, World heritage Listing of Fremantle Prison as anAustralian Convict Place, CAMS, 1998
Gibbs, M, Edwards, K, McDonald Hales & Associates, Report on Historical
Archaeological Investigations: Terrace House And Gardens Project, Fremantle
Prison, Unpublished Report, 1998
Government of Western Australia, Fremantle Prison Nomenclature , Government ofWestern Australia, 2000
Government of Western Australia, Fremantle Prison: Strategic Maintenance Plan
2001/02 – 2006/07, Funding Requirements & Implications , CAMS, 2000
Hill, S, Fremantle Prison Aboriginal Commemorative Memorial Project , Unpublished
Report, 1999
Hoare, R, Bosworth, M, Harvey, E, Kiera, A, MacGill, G, Smith, R, Fremantle Prison:
Conservation and Future Use Conservation Plan , BMA, 1990
Hoare, R, Bosworth, M, Harvey, E, Kiera, A, MacGill, G, Smith, R, Fremantle Prison:
Conservation and Future Use Female Division , BMA, 1990
Hoare, R, Bosworth, M, Harvey, E, Kiera, A, MacGill, G, Smith, R Fremantle Prison:
Conservation and Future Use Hospital , BMA, 1990
Hoare, R, Bosworth, M, Harvey, E, Kiera, A, MacGill, G, Smith, R Fremantle Prison:
Conservation and Future Use Main Cell Block , BMA, 1990
Hoare, R, Bosworth, M, Harvey, E, Kiera, A, MacGill, G, Smith, R Fremantle Prison:
Conservation and Future Use New Division , BMA, 1990

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Hoare, R, Bosworth, M, Harvey, E, Kiera, A, MacGill, G, Smith, R Fremantle Prison:
Conservation and Future Use Site: Water, Walls & Yards , BMA, 1990
Hoare, R, Bosworth, M, Harvey, E, Kiera, A, MacGill, G, Smith, R Fremantle Prison:
Conservation and Future Use The Terrace Buildings , BMA, 1990
Hoare, R, Bosworth, M, Harvey, E, Kiera, A, MacGill, G, Smith, R Fremantle Prison:
Conservation and Future Use Workshops , BMA, 1990
Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter (1999)
Kerr, J S, Fremantle Prison – A policy for its conservation , BMA, 2nd Edition, 1998
Lewis, M, Fremantle Prison Notes of a visit of 22-25 May 1989 , Unpublished
Report, 1989
Morris, W, Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future Use Urban Integration
Strategy , City of Fremantle & BMA, 1991
Palassis Architects, Fremantle Prison: Zones of Significance, A Revised Assessmentof Levels of Cultural Heritage Significance, CAMS, 2000
Palassis Architects, Limestone Conservation Study, City of Fremantle, 1993
Palassis Architects, No. 8 The Terrace, Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future
Use Report On Egress, CAMS, 1997
Palassis Architects, Report on the Effectiveness of the 1997 Render Investigation
and Façade Re-construction at the Gatehouse, Fremantle Prison, CAMS, 1999
Palassis Architects, The Stable At The Terrace: Fremantle Prison Conservation Plan,
CAMS, 1999
Palassis Architects, 4 Division Mural, Fremantle Prison: Conservation and Future
Use Proposal For Protective Canopy, CAMS, 1997
Richards, O & Landscan (WA), Fremantle Prison: Landscape Conservation Policy &Development Guidelines , BMA, Revised Edition, 1996
Ritter, P, Soul & Sex Imprisoned: Illustrated Stories, Ballads, Verses & Proposals,
Planned Environment and Educreation Research Institute Press, 1980

II

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APPENDIX BGLOSSARY OF TERMS
The following terms from the Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter 1999 havebeen used in this Master Plan and are set out below.
Placesite, area, land, landscape, building, or other work, groupof buildings or other works, and may include components,
contents, spaces and views.

Cultural Significanceaesthetic, historic, scientific, social or spiritual value for
past, present or future generations. Cultural significanceis embodied in the place itself, its fabric, setting, use,
associations, meanings, records, related places andrelated objects. Places may have a range of values fordifferent individuals or groups.

Fabricall the physical material of the place including components,
fixtures, contents, and objects.

Conservation

all the processes of looking after a place so as to retain its
cultural significance.

Maintenancemeans the continuous protective care of the fabric andsetting of a place, and is to be distinguished from repair.
Repair involves restoration or reconstruction.

Preservationmeans maintaining the fabric of a place in its existing state
and retarding deterioration.

Restorationmeans returning the existing fabric of a place to a known
earlier state by removing accretions or by reassembling
existing components without the introduction of newmaterial.

Reconstructionmeans returning a place to a known earlier state and isdistinguished from restoration by the introduction of newmaterials into the fabric.

Adaptationmeans modifying a place to suit the existing use or a
proposed use.

Usemeans the functions of a place, as well as the activities andpractices that may occur at the place.

Compatible usemeans a use which respects the cultural significance ofa place. Such a use involves no, or minimal impact, on
cultural significance.

Settingmeans the area around a place, which may include thevisual catchment.

Related placemeans a place that contributes to the cultural significanceof a place but is not at the place.

Related object

means an object that contributes to the cultural significanceof a place but is not at the place.

Associations

mean the special connections that exist between people
and a place.

Meanings

denote what a place signifies, indicates, evokes or
expresses.

Interpretationmeans all the ways of presenting the cultural significanceof a place.
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APPENDIX CPEOPLE WHO PROVIDED COMMENTON THE DRAFT MASTERPLAN
STAGE ONE: WRITTEN/PHONE COMMENTS
Postcards Responses
Cherie BlackburnMarie Broumandi
Mar Bucknell
Diana Davies
Jan Gilchrist
A C Hanna
Laura Hickey
R HillJ Iannello
LorelleLynne
Marian Mackay
Fiona Morrison
Meg PrenticeRob
M Slatter
Lydia Tasker
P Utting
Gordon R Williams
33 anonymous writers
Submissions/Phone/Interviews
Len Collard
Edwin
Helen Hewitt
David Hutchison
Howard Petersen
Michael Salter
Grant Synnot
Terry
Kate Vyvyan

STAGE ONE: WORKSHOPS/FOCUS GROUPS
All workshops were presented by the consultation team from Helen Grzyb andAssociates with assistance from Nerida Moredoundt, Project Manager and otherproject team members. Graeme Gammie and/or Beres Coley from Fremantle Prison
were in attendance at most workshops.

IV

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APPENDIX C
Crime And Punishment Focus Group
Kaylene Barker
Estelle Blackburn
Michal Bosworth
Anne Brake
Helen Button
John Button
Ron Davidson
John Dowson
Michael Gregg
Nick Gurr
John Harcourtsmith
Allan Kelsall
May Kong
Moira Mulligan
Francesca Posney
Ken Posney
Bob Reece
Natalie Scahill
Jacqueline Sherriff
Matthew Trinca
Expert Colleagues Workshop
Bevan Beaver
Craig Burton
Stephen Carrick
Rob Collins
Ron Davidson
Phil Douglas
Brian Easton
Graeme Gammie
Phil Griffiths
Richard Lee
John LongleyPeter Lovell
Clive NelthorpePeter Newman
Maurice Owen
Arbor Vitae: Anna Chauvel
Helen Grzyb and Associates: Helen Grzyb, Amy Lomas
Palassis Architects: Nerida Moredoundt and Christopher Paterson
The Planning Group: Andrew Howe
Tourism Coordinates: Terry Penn and Eddie Watling

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APPENDIX C
Tourism Industry Focus GroupMark Abercrombie
Guy Alessandro
Vaughn Emery
Clive Nelthorpe
Eddie Watling
Margaret Wilson
Heritage Focus Group
Kaylene Barker
Jane Blake
Anne Brake
Stephen Carrick
Dianne Davidson
Geoff Graham
Stephanie Gregg
Jenny Gregory
Phillip Griffiths
Erica Harvey
David Hutchison
June Hutchison
Allan Kelsall
May Kong
Gerard MacGill
Jacqueline Sherriff
Tom Stephens
Michael Wearne
Italian Community Focus GroupMaria Amato
John Alberti
Carmela Briguglio
Frances Minervini
John Minervini
Mayor Peter Tagliaferri (sponsor and host of the first meeting)People And Place Focus GroupAnne Brake
Ron Davidson
Geoff Graham
Allan Kelsall
May Kong
Francesca Posney
Ken Posney
Jacqueline Sherriff

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APPENDIX C
Prison Staff Focus GroupA record of attendees was not retained for this workshop but included approximately
30 staff and volunteers.
Heritage Precinct Tenants’ Focus GroupIan Butler
Carolyn Gladwell
Phil Kemp
David Pannell
Cheryl Paull
Maureen Ramsay
John SargeantPaul Waddell
Val Wieland
Urban Design And Land Use Focus GroupAnne Brake
Helen Button
John Button
Ron Davidson
John Dowson
Adele Gaskin
Michael Gregg
Nick Gurr
Richard HartleyHelen Hewitt
Ian JamesPeter Jones
Allan Kelsall
Agnieshka Kiera
May Kong
Moira Mulligan
Jim O’Lone
DHW Executive Focus Group
Bevan Beaver
Graeme Gammie
Ian Johnston
Greg Joyce (Director General)Frank Pitman
Bob Thomson

STAGE 2: WRITTEN/PHONE COMMENTS
Professor Reg Appleyard
Matt Benson-Parry
Michelle Broderick for Kings Park and Botanic Gardens

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P R I S O N
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M A S T E R

P L A NJ U LY 2 0 0 3

APPENDIX C
Alistair Bryant for the Department of Culture and the ArtsJohn Burns, Fremantle Hospital and Health Service
Stephen Carrick for the Heritage Council of WA“Chris”
Geoff Craggs for the Conservation Volunteers Australia
Hon Richard Court
Jo and John Dallimore
Diana Davies
Mike Eustace
Simon Gevers
Ray Glickman for the City of Fremantle
Mark Greenwood
Patricia Guidice
Helen Hewitt
Chris and Mary Hill
Ralph Hoare
June R Hutchison
Phil Kemp for the Coastal Business Centre Inc
Adrian Kwintowski
Vanessa Lintner
Barry McCarthy,
Alastair Mitchell
Tom Perrigo for The National Trust of Australia (WA)
Carey Randell
Andrew Smith
AJ Smurthwaite
Socialdata Australia
Lee Tate
The Fremantle Society
Craig Thompson
Melanie Tottle
Bob Woollett for the Fremantle History Society
Guy Wright

STAGE 2: WORKSHOPS/BRIEFINGSChildren’s Workshop:
Anthony
AstridEmily
Jackie Pointing
Matthew
Melanie

VIII

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F R E M A N T L E
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P L A NJ U LY 2 0 0 3

APPENDIX C
PhoebeSage
WilliamCommunity Workshops
Chris Binks
Marie Broumandi
John Dallimore
Janine Douthie
Patricia Eustace
Mike Eustace
Helen Grey –Smith
June Hutchison
Frank Italiano
Alan Kelsall
Federico Medina
Moira Mulligan
Jenny Nichol
Lesley Reece
Brian Rogers
Jackie Tang
Natalia Ward
Search ConferenceMichal Bosworth
Erica Harvey
June Hutchison
David Hutchison
Agnieshka Kiera
Anthea Taylor
Western Australian Tourism Commission
Lesley Barris
Lesleigh Clarke
Christine Cole
Sharon Iannello
Robin Inkpen
Peter Kemp
Henry Kujda
Danielle Miller
Claire Savage
Catherine Wyllie
Fremantle Society
John Dowson
Henty Farrar

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IXF R E M A N T L E
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P L A NJ U LY 2 0 0 3

APPENDIX C
Geoff Graham
Nicholas Gurr
City of Fremantle
A record of attendees was not retained for this briefing/workshop but included theMayor and the City of Fremantle Councillors.
Heritage Council
Kelly Aris
Louise Arnold
Julia Ball
Ian Baxter
Stephen Carrick
Gerry Gauntlett
Ralph Hoare
Rosemary Rosario
Lara Watson
Stephen Woodland
The National Trust of Australia (WA)Anne Brake
Tony Bennell
Robert Mitchell
Sarah Murphy
Tom Perrigo
Kelly Rippingale
Rotary Club – Fremantle City
A record of attendees was not retained for this briefing but included approximately 20
people.

STAGE 3: WRITTEN COMMENTS
Ray Glickman and Agnieshka Kiera for the City of Fremantle
Ian Baxter for the Heritage Council of Western Australia
John Dowson for The Fremantle Society
Dr Ruth Shean for the Disability Services CommissionX

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