Series of Lectures
on Disaster Waste Management

Coordinating Relevant
Stakeholders
Shinya Suzuki(Fukuoka University)

Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Aim and scope✓Understand why the organization isnecessary✓Understand the functions/task necessaryfor DWM✓Understand the importance of theincorporation of ordinary WM in DWM

2Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Introduction of myself
Name:

Suzuki, Shinya
鈴木 慎也
すずき しんや
スズキ シンヤ

Nationality:
Birth date:
Blood type:(KANJI)(HIRAGANA)(KATAKANA)

Japanese
25-03-1975
B

Affiliation:

Fukuoka University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

Post:

Associate Professor

E-mail:ssuzuki@fukuoka-u.ac.jp

Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Contents✓Introduction: Recent major naturaldisasters in Japan✓Why need to arrange organization✓Organizational arrangement for DWM✓Conclusions

4
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Introduction:
Recent major natural disasters
in Japan

5
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Recent major natural disasters in Japan
Disaster

Date

Magnitudeofearthquake

Voume ofwaste

House damage

31 Mt (including
tsunami sedimentsof 11Mt)

fully destroyed: 118,822
partially destroyed: 184,615

Length oftreatment(on Richter Scale)Great EastJapan
Earthquake
Great HanshinAwaji
Earthquake
Kumamoto
Earthquake
Niigata-kenChuetsu
Earthquake
Heavy rain
(landslide)
Hiroshima city
Northern
Kyushu (heavy rain
and landslide)Mar. 2011

9.0

Jan. 1995

7.2

15 Mt

Apr. 2016

6.5 and 7.3

3.16 Mt

Oct. 2014

6.6

0.6 MtAug. 2014-0.52 Mt

July 2017-0.03 Mt

fully destroyed: 104,906
partially destroyed: 144,274
partially damaged: 390,506
destroyed by fire: 7,534
fully destroyed: 8,248
partially destroyed: 30,749
partially damaged: 132,974
fully destroyed: 3,175
partially destroyed: 13,810
partially damaged: 103,854
fully destroyed: 179
partially destroyed: 217
partially damaged: 189
flood damage: 4,164
fully destroyed: 275
partially destroyed: 831
flood damage: 616

about 3 years (notincluding the waste in
Fukushima area)

about 3 years

about 2 years

about 3 years

about 1.5 years

about 1.5 years

6
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Great East Japan Earthquake March 11, 2011

(Source: Cabinet office, Japan)

Terrible Tsunami disaster(11 Mt of sediments)

Destroyed buildings(fully destroyed: 118,822)

Intense destruction(messed up car)Intense power(large ship launched)

Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

7

Kumamoto Earthquake April 14 and 16, 2016

(Source: Cabinet office, Japan)

Twice huge shake(Magnitude: 6.5 and 7.3)

(Source: National Police Agency, Japan)

Large scale landslides(transportation network division)

Damaged houses(mixtures of wood and concretes)(Source: Kumanichi NEWS, Japan)

Railway truck bent

Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

8

Northern Kyushu Heavy Rain July 5, 2017

Like “tsunami” from mountain(much driftwood and soil)

Much mixtures of waste, wood and soil

Necessary to remove them immediately(to prevent secondary disasters)

Heavy driftwood deposition

Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

9

Why need to arrange organization

10
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Basic Flow of Disaster Waste
Planning and management
Storage andseparationTreatment, recycle, and final
disposalReuse andRecycle
Pretreatment
Intermediatetreatment

Final disposal

Cleaning andcollection(Incineration)

11
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Example of the damaged house(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)

A large amount of driftwoodrushed into the house

Driftwood seen from the barn

(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)

Household goods on the first floor
were wiped out

The barn still untouched

Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

12

Clean-up by handTatami mats carried out outdoors-too heavy
6 peoples necessary, including me!

(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)

Work hard-

until the vehicle can enterNot only residents but also
volunteer staffs(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)

Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

13

Before and after clean-up
Before(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)

A large amountof driftwoodand soils weredeposited

After(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)

They all were removed
considerably even fora few days by hand

14
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Example of early recovery
Oil spilled from thefactory after the heavy
rain-cut contaminated grassnear the waterway(Omachi, Saga, 2019)

Spilled oil was removed inthe waterways all manually-Self-Defense Force: 300-Factory: 300-Volunteer: 500-600 peoples!

(Omachi, Saga, 2019)15
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

For secure storage and separation
Other
combustibles

concrete

tire

Sofa

White
goods

Roof
tile

BeddingSlatetimberGypsumboardsGlass andceramics

Other
Incombustib
lesTatami
MetalSource: Original figure from Ministry of Environment (2016) disaster wase management guidelines [in Japanese]

Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

16

Example of TSS(Kumamoto, 2016)(Kumamoto, 2016)

Reception installed at the entrance of TSS(Operation staff necessary)

Collection support ofsurrounding local governments(Kurayoshi, Tottori, 2016)(Minami-Aso, Kumamoto, 2016)

Use vacant land

Sorting guides, rope dividers,blue sheets, etc.

Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

17

TSS for driftwood and soils(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)

Most of them were relatively clean

Large volume of stump(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)

A vast site was secured(10 ha)Not only soil but also rubble
was brought inSeries of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

18

Organizational arrangementfor DWM

19
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Special arrangements for DWM- DWM consists of various tasks- different from the WM in normal time

- Many stakeholders are involved- including those not involved in normal WM operations- Organizational arrangements for DWM should bedesigned before disasters- in order to tackle with DWM tasks efficiently/effectively- and cooperate with stakeholders- Roles, responsibilities, and coordination frameworks
should be pre-identified and communicated20
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Functions/task necessary for DWM

Organizational functions necessary for DWM(Source: Flood waste management Guidelines for Bangkok)
21
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Command✓Someone (or a team) needs to set targets(e.g. time limit for DWM)
- and decide the overall policy for DWM to effectively
manage DWM tasks.

✓ Public relations, or the communication of information
on what, where, when, and how people should discard
disaster waste is necessary to minimize post disasterconfusion.

✓Coordination with internal and external stakeholders

22
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Logistics✓DWM requires abundant resources,e.g., human resources, heavy machinery, trucks, vehicles,
facilities and open space (for temporary storage).

✓A team that deals with staffing and procurement

23
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Finance/admin✓Contracts with private waste management companies(operators) and suppliers need to take place-even during emergency circumstances to ensure
appropriate spending.

✓Revenues need to be secured-typically in the form of grants.
-as local governments are the most likely to face financial
difficulties during disasters,

24
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Planning✓Information-on the disaster situation(e.g. estimation of disaster waste amount, recovery of roads),-sanitary conditions,-residents’ complaints,-work progress, etc.

✓These information should be integrated as an“Implementation Plan”,-to be communicated with stakeholders
and revised as DWM proceeds.

25Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Example: Pilot Project in Honiara, Solomon Islands
Ministry of Health andMedical Services

Ministry of Environment Climate
Change Disaster Managementand Meteorology• Establish Public Health
Awareness Cluster• Incorporate DWM
component• Dispatch Volunteers fromMECDM roster system• Monitor activities
Port Vila• Develop report
Municipality

Honiara CityCouncil

Council(Vanuatu)

Environmental
Health Division

Works Division

Activity-1. DWM in thecommunity

Activity-2. Restoration of thedisposal site

• Conduct awareness raising and education program for
3Rs (composting and use of wooden material, etc.) andappropriate disposal of disaster wastes• Incorporate DWM into the water, sanitation andhygiene (WASH) Workshop for awareness program• Organize mobile-chainsaw team to cut woodenmaterials to be utilized in communities as fuel andfirewood• To recover the disposal site
• To enhance vehicles to access disposal
areas properly• To have proper access road into the dump
• To have embankment and establish
temporary disposal area.

26
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Example: Cross cutting collaboration among
national and local levels in Indonesia➢Disaster wastes and debris management are stipulated in the Presidential
Regulation No. 8/2008 led by National Board for Disaster Management
Presidential Regulation No. 8/2008 (BNPB)

National Board forDisaster Management
Allocation of budget

National Level
National Armed Forces

Min. of Public Works &Housing

Min. of Home Affairs

Min. of Environment
and Forestry

Province/City/Regency
Guvnors/Mayor’s office

Province/City/Regency
Department ofEnvironment

Local Level
National Armed Forces

Public Works local
officeContractor

Debris cleaning / collection / transport to TPAGeneral
Disaster Management

Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Governmental
regulation including
DWM is to be
formulated27

Incorporation of ordinary WM in DWM✓ Securing communication
channels✓ Handling through self-helppublic assistance

DWM
Planning

Communication on
DWM✓ Strengthen the WM organization✓ Improvement of WM planning
based on data analysis
DW
dischargeandseparation✓ Capacity
development of thecommunity✓ Development ofnetworks✓ Increasecapacity✓ Propercontracts withcontractors

DWcollection

Finaldisposalof DW✓ Increase capacity, newtechnology introduction✓ Proper contracts withprivate sectors

DWtreatment✓ Continuous operation✓ Increase capacity✓ Proper contracts withcollectors

28
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

For better DWM,
✓It is essential for governmental officials to understandaccurately the overall image of DWM.
Planning and management
Storage andseparation

Treatment, recycle, andfinal disposal
Reuse andRecycle
Pretreatment
Intermediatetreatment(Incineration)

Final disposal

Cleaning andcollection✓Refer to the existing guidelines
Disaster Waste Management Guideline, UN OCHA,“Key stakeholders” in Section 3, p.15
https://www.unocha.org/sites/dms/Documents/DWMG.pdf
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

29

Conclusions

30
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Conclusions✓Disaster waste management (DWM) consists ofvarious tasks, those are different from the waste
management (WM) in normal time.
✓It is important to incorporate the ordinary WM in DWM.
Organizational arrangements for DWM should bedesigned before disasters.
✓For operations function,✓Disaster waste need to be collected, separated(ifany), transported, stored(temporary), and disposed.
✓For other supporting function,✓Necessary to put forward the DWM process,including Command, Logistics,Finance/administration, and Planning.
31
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Thank you very muchfor your attention!
✓You can access the related information on today’s lecture.
https://jsmcwm.or.jp/international/?page_id=2187

32
Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021