Gillian Beer㸸͆What’s Not in Middlemarch” ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹ᝷㇂ ⨾ᬛᏊࢪࣜ࢔࣭ࣥࣅ࢔ (Gillian Beer) ࡢㄽᩥࠕ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘࡟࡞࠸ࣔࣀࠖ㸦͆What’s Not inMiddlemarch”㸧ࡀ཰㍕ࡉࢀࡓㄽ㞟ࠗ21 ୡ⣖ࡢࠕ࣑ࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳࠖ࠘㸦Middlemarch in The Twenty-FirstCentury㸧ࡢᗎࡣࠊ⦅⪅࣭࢝ࣞࣥࢳ࢙࢖ࢫ㸦Karen Chase㸧࡟ࡼࡿ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞่⃭ⓗ࡞୍ᩥ࠿ࡽࡣࡌ
ࡲࡿࠋ“What better justifies a collection of new essays on an old classic than an acknowledgment ofinterpretive evanescence?” 㸦3)ྂ඾࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸◊✲࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿㄽᩥ㞟ࢆṇᙜ໬ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊ⮬ࡽࠕゎ㔘ࡢᾘ⁛ࠖࢆᢎㄆࡋࠊ࠸ࡗࡑⓑ≧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᭱ၿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺̿̿ࢳ࢙࢖ࢫࡢࡇࡢ୺ᙇࡣࠊ᭩ྡࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝࡀᶆᴶࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࠕ21 ୡ⣖ⓗࠖㄞࡳࢆᛮࢃࡏࠊ⾪ᧁⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࢀࡣྠ᫬࡟▉┠ࢆ㞟ࡵࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡶ࡞ࢁ࠺ࠋ
. . . it will be clear to every reader that the authors are enjoying themselves.

The readings arenever flippant, but they are nor reverent either. Irreverence is something this novel sorely needs
after more than a century of worship. Reading Middlemarch for pleasure is not irreconcilable
with reading it earnestly, and criticism can be more vivid when it reads with and against thegrain that George Eliot has etched. (9)ࡇࡇ࡛ࡲࡎྫྷ࿡ࡉࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊࢪ࣮ࣙࢪ࣭࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ㸦George Eliot㸧ࡢ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘
㸦Middlemarch,1871-72㸧ࢆᛌᴦࡢࡓࡵ࡟ㄞࡴࡇ࡜ࡢ᫝㠀࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢳ࢙࢖ࢫࡣࠊࡇࡢㄽ㞟࡛ྛⴭ⪅ࡀ⮬ࡽᴦࡋࢇ࡛ㄞࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࡳ࡚࡜ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊᢈุࡣࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࡴࡋࢁᙼዪࡣᙼࡽࡢㄞࡳࡣỴࡋ࡚୙┿㠃┠࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ
ࡲࡓᜤ㸦࠺ࡸ࠺ࡸ㸧ࡋࡃࡶ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࢆᴦࡋࢇ࡛ㄞࡴࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ⇕ᚰ࡟⏕┿㠃┠࡟ㄞࡴࡇ࡜࡜ࡣ▩┪ࡋ࡞࠸࡜୺ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࢪ࣮ࣙࢪ࣭࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ㸦George Eliot㸧ࡀ⮬సࡢ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘࡟୍ࡘ୍ࡘ୹ᛕ࡟᳜࠼ࡘࡅࡓࠕ✀ࠖࢆࠊඹឤࠊ཯ឤࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࢆࡶࡗ࡚ㄞࡶ࠺࡜ࡶࠊᢈホࡣࡴࡋࢁ࠸ࡗࡑ࠺⏕ࡁ⏕ࡁࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡾᚓࡿࡔࢁ࠺࡜⤖ㄽ࡙ࡅࡿࠋࢳ࢙࢖ࢫࡢࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ୺ᙇࡢ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡣࠊᙼዪࡢಙᛕࠊぬᝅ࡟ࡶఝࡓࡶࡢࡀឤࡌࡽࢀࡿࠋࠕ୍ୡ⣖௨ୖ࡟ࢃࡓࡾᓫࡵࡽࢀ⥆ࡅ࡚ࡁࡓࡇࡢᑠㄝࠖ࡟࡞࡟࠿၏୍㊊ࡾ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊࠕ୙㐯ࠖࡇࡑࠊࡑࢀ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ಙᛕ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⦅㞟᪉㔪ࡢୗࠊᇳ➹⪅ࡢ୍ே࡛࠶ࡿࣅ࢔ࡣ࠸࠿࡟ࠕ୙┿㠃┠࡛ࠖࡶ࡞ࡃࠊࡲࡓࠕᜤࡋࡃࠖࡶ࡞ࡃ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࢆㄞࡳࠊࡑࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭩࠸ࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋᮏㄽ࡛ࡣࠊ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄽࡌࡿࣅ࢔ࡢࠕㄞࡳࡢᛌᴦࠖࡢ୍➃ࢆ᥈ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡀࠊࣅ࢔ࡢࡇࡢㄽᩥࠕ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘࡟࡞࠸ࣔࣀࠖࡣࠊㄞࡳࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ⯆࿡῝࠸ࠋࡲࡎ⯆࿡ࢆចࡃࡢࡣࠊࡇࡢㄽᩥࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝࡀࡲࡉࡋࡃ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢸ࣮࣐ࡀ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡴࡋࢁ㏫࡟ࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ㢧ᅾ໬ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠕࣔࣀ࣭ࢥࢺࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛࠶ࡾࠊ➃ⓗ࡟࠸࠼ࡤࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ㸺୙ᅾ㸼⮬యࡀࢸ࣮࣐࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࣅ࢔࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊࡇࡢㄽᩥࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊฟ∧ᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅㸦the first readers㸧࡜⌧௦ࡢㄞ⪅㛫ࡢ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ཷᐜࡢⴠᕪࠊࡘࡲࡾ୧⪅㛫ࡢㄞࡳྲྀࡾࡢࢠࣕࢵࣉࢆᇙࡵࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣦ࢕ࢡࢺࣜ࢔

－ 11 －ᮅࡢㄞ⪅࡜ࢃࢀࢃࢀ 21 ୡ⣖ࡢㄞ⪅࡜࡛ࡣࠊ150 ᖺవࡾ࡟ࡶࢃࡓࡿ᫬㛫ࡀ௓ᅾࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᙜ↛࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡑࡢ㛫ࠊ࿘ᅖࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃ᳃⨶୓㇟ࡣኚ໬ࡋࠊ≧ἣࡣ኱࠸࡟ኚᐜࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࣅ࢔ࡣ⌧௦ࢆ⏕ࡁࡿࢃࢀࢃࢀ࡟ࠊᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅ࡀ࠾࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ᫬௦ⓗࠊ♫఍ⓗ⫼ᬒࡢ⏕ࡢ᝟ሗࢆ㛤♧ࡋࠊ᝟ሗࢆᆒ➼໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊㄞࡳ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୧᫬௦ࡢ㛫࡟ཝ↛࡜ࡋ࡚ᶓࡓࢃࡿ✵ⓑࢆゎᾘࡋࡼ࠺࡜ヨࡳࡿࠋࡔࡀ᪉ἲ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࠸࠼ࡤࠊࣅ࢔ࡣ୍᪉࡛ࡣ✵ⓑࢆᇙࡵࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊወጁ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟ࠊ௚᪉࡛ࡣࡴ
ࡋࢁ㏫ࡢࡇ࡜ࠊࡘࡲࡾ᪂ࡓ࡞✵ⓑࢆ⏘ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡶㄞࡳྲྀࢀࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࣅ࢔ࡢࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᡭἲࢆ㣕ࡧ▼ⓗ࡟ᴫほࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᙼዪࡢ୺ᙇࡢ᰾ᚰ࡟㏕ࡗ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋࢪࣜ࢔࣭ࣥࣅ࢔ࡢ᪉ἲㄽࣦ࢕ࢡࣜ࢔ᮅࡢே㛫࡛࠶ࡿࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊྠ᫬࡟ࡇࡢసရࡢㄞࡳᡭ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ⪅ࡓࡕࡢᙜ᫬ࡢ≧ἣࠊ᪥ࠎࡢႠⅭࢆ⏕ࡢᙧ࡛ࠊ⌧௦ேࡀ▱ࡿ̿̿ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡣ࠸࠿࡟ࡋ࡚ྍ⬟࡞ࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࣅ࢔ࡣࡑࡢゎࢆᙜ᫬ࡢᗈ࿌ᩥ࡟ồࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢึ∧ࡢᙧᘧࡣ㸶ᕳ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿศ෉㸦1871 ᖺ 12 ᭶~1872 ᖺ 12 ᭶㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊ➨㸯~㸴ᕳࡣ 1871 ᖺ 12 ᭶~1872 ᖺ 10 ᭶ࡢ㛫ࠊ㝸᭶࡛Ⓨ⾜ࡉࢀࠊࡑࡋ࡚᭱ᚋ࡜࡞ࡿ➨ 7ࠊ8 ᕳࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ 1872
ᖺ 11 ᭶࡜ 12 ᭶࡟Ⓨ⾜ࡉࢀࡓࡢࡔࡀࠊྛᕳ࡟ࡣᗈ࿌ࡀࡘ࠸࡚ࡲࢃࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࣅ࢔ࡀὀ┠ࡋࡓࡢࡀࠊࡇ
ࢀࡽྛᕳࡢ≀ㄒ࡟ᣳࡳ㎸ࡲࢀࡓᗈ࿌ᩥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ๓㏙ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠕ୙ᅾࠖࢆ᥈ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠊࣅ࢔ࡢㄽ⪃ࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡶࡉࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡑࡢ᪉ἲ⮬యࡶࡲࡓࣘࢽ࣮ࢡ࡛᩾᪂ࠊព⾲ࢆ✺ࡃࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢᩥ
Ꮫసရ࡟௓ᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ㏻ᖖゝㄒ㸦㠀࣭ᩥᏛゝㄒ㸧ࡢᗈ࿌ᩥࡢࢸࢡࢫࢺࡣࠊ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ࣅ࢔⮬㌟ࡢ࠸
࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡘ࠿ࡢࡲ࡟ὶࢀཤࡿࠊࡣ࠿࡞࠸ࠊᩥᏐ㏻ࡾࠕᨃఝࢸࢡࢫࢺ㸦fleeting para-text㸧ࠖ㸦16㸧࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡢࡔࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋᨃఝࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡛ࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡣᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅ࡢព㆑ࡢᗏ
࡟⾂࠸࡚࠸ࡿḧᮃࠊḞஈឤ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࢆࠊࡲࡉ࡟ࡑࡢ▐㛫ࠊ▐㛫࡟ᐇീ࡜ࡋ࡚ᫎࡋฟࡋࠊᇉ㛫ぢࡉࡏ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᡭ⦭࠸࠿ࡽᶵᲔ໬ࡉࢀࡓࡤ࠿ࡾࡢ࣑ࢩࣥࠊᾘ໬๣ࠊⷧẟ἞⒪⸆ࠊ⧊≀ࠊᰁࡵࡶࡢࠊ⻽⇵ࠊ⸆ࠊ࣍ࢸࣝࠊࢳࣙࢥ࣮ࣞࢺ̿̿ᗈ࿌ᩥ࡟⌧ࢀࡓࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ࡶࡢࡢ୰࡟ᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅ࡣ࠸ࡿ(1)ࠋ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡣࠕᙜ᫬ࡢㄞࡳᡭ࡛࠶ࡿࣈࣝࢪࣙ࣡ࡢ⏕άࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃရࠎࠊࣔࣀⓗ≧ἣࡢ୰࡟ᇙࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ(33-34)
࡜࠸࠺ࣅ࢔ࡢ୺ᙇࡣࠊࡲࡉࡋࡃࡑ࠺ࡋࡓࣔࣀ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᙼዪࡢㄞࡳྲྀࡾ㸦ㄞࡳゎࡁ㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⌧௦࡟ᜥ࡙ࡁࠊㄝᚓᛶࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡲࡎ௨ୗ࡟ࣅ࢔ࡢㄞࡳྲྀࡾࡢ୺࡞౛ࢆᣲࡆ࡞ࡀࡽ᳨ドࡋ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺ࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠕ࣑ࢩࣥࠖ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࠸࠼ࡤࠊࡇࡢᶵᲔࡢⓎ᫂ࡣ 1840 ᖺ௦ᚋ༙ࡔࡀࠊࡑࢀࡀ኱㔞⏕⏘ࡉࢀࡣࡌࡵࡿࡢࡣ 1860 ᖺ௦࠿ࡽ 1870 ᖺ௦ᚋ༙࡟࠸ࡓࡗ࡚࠿ࡽࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊࡇࡢᗈ࿌ᩥࡣࠊᙜ↛࡞ࡀࡽ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢ᫬௦タᐃ㸦1830 ᖺ㸧࡜ࡣ▩┪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡔࡀࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ≀ㄒタᐃ
ୖࡢ 1832 ᖺ࡜ฟ∧ࡢ 1871 ᖺ࡜ࡢ᫬௦ᕪࡣࠊᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࠕ୙ᅾࠖ࡜ࡣᫎࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡔࢁ࠺࡜ࣅ࢔ࡣ᥎ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣅ࢔࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊࡇࡢ㛫ࡢ᫬௦ᛶࡣࠊぢ࠼࡞࠸ᙧ࡛ࡣ࠶ࢀࠊ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢ㦵᱁ࢆ࡞ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡲࡓࡋࡤࡋࡤ࢔࢖ࣟࢽ࣮࡛௎ࡵ࠿ࡉࢀࡶࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚࡞࡟ࡼࡾࡶࠊస⪅࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ࡜ᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅ࡢ኱༙ࡣྠ᫬௦ࢆศࡅྜࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᙉࡳࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࡑࡢ⌮⏤࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅ࡢ♫఍ⓗ㢼ᅵ࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽࡍࢀࡤࠊᗈ࿌ᩥࡣࢃࢀࢃࢀ⌧௦ࡢㄞ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊᶵᲔ໬ࠊ኱㔞⏕⏘໬ࡀຍ㏿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ᫬௦ࢆⰍ⃰ࡃ཯ᫎࡋࡓ㈗㔜࡞᝟ሗ࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦18ࠊ24㸧ࠋࡲࡓẖᅇࠊྛᕳࡢ᭱ึ㡫࡜᭱ᚋ㡫࡟ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࠕᐆ▼ࠖࠊࠕࣇࣛࣥࢫ〇ࢳࣙࢥ࣮ࣞࢺࠖࡢᗈ࿌ᩥࡀᕪ
ࡋᣳࡲࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ࠸࠿࡟ࡶࣈࣝࢪࣙ࣡ⓗ࡞㉕ἑရࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢసရࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟㱈㱒ࠊ▩┪ࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ஧ࡘࡢࢸࢡࢫࢺ㛫ࡢ୍✀ࡢࢬࣞࠊ✵ⓑࡣࠊᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅࡟࡜－ 12 －ࡗ࡚▩┪࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣࠊࡈࡃ୍⯡ⓗ࡞⿦㣭ရࠊ௜ࡁࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡳ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࢁ࠺࡜ࣅ࢔ࡣ᠈

ࡍࡿ

㸦18㸧ࠋࡑࢀ࡯࡝ᙼࡽࡣࣈࣝࢪࣙ࣡♫఍࡟㥆ᰁࢇࡔᏑᅾ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢࡔࠋ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ࡜ྠ᫬௦ேࡢㄞ⪅ࡢ᪥ᖖ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࠊ࠾ࡑࡽࡃᙜ↛ࡢࡇ࡜࡜ࡋ࡚ぢ㐣ࡈࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓᗈ࿌ᩥ
࡛ࡣ࠶ࢁ࠺ࡀࠊࡑࢀࡣࣅ࢔ࡢㄞࡳྲྀࡾࢆ௓ᅾࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅ࡀྲྀࡾᅖࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ≧ἣࢆఏ࠼ࡿ᝟ሗࡢᐆᗜ࡜໬ࡍࠋ⌧௦ࡢࢃࢀࢃࢀ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊᙼࡽࡢ᫬௦ឤぬࡣ࠸ࢃࡤ⫙࡛ឤࡌࡽࢀࠊ࠸ࡃࡪ
ࢇඹ᭷ྍ⬟࡞ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ᫬ࢆ⤒୍࡚ぢࠊྂࡵ࠿ࡋࡃᛮ࠼ࡿᗈ࿌ࢸࢡࢫࢺࡣࠊࡑࡢᩥయࡶྵࡵ࡚⌧௦ࡢ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢ⌮ゎ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࡴࡋࢁ᪂ࡋ࠸ㄆ㆑ࢆ྿ࡁ㎸ࢇ࡛ࡃࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡔࡀࠊㄞࡳ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕ᪂ࡋ࠸ㄆ㆑ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽࡍࢀࡤ࡝࠺ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࣅ࢔ࡢ㆟ㄽࡀࡉࡽ࡟άẼࢆ࿊ࡋ⢭ᙬࢆᨺࡘࡢࡣࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤᙼዪࡀ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᗈ࿌ᩥࢆษࡾྲྀࡗࡓሙྜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡟ࡣࠊ༢࡟సရࡢ᫬௦ᛶࢆఏ࠼ࡿ▱㆑ࠊ᝟ሗ࡜࠸ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࡣࡲࡓู✀ࡢ⯆࿡ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊࡴࡋࢁࢸࢡࢫࢺ⮬యࠊࡉࡽ࡟ཝᐦ࡟࠸࠼ࡤࠊ୧ࢸࢡࢫࢺ㛫ࡢࢬࣞࠊ✵ⓑࢆ㸦๓㏙ࡢࢳ࢙࢖ࢫࡢゝⴥࢆ౑࠼ࡤ㸧ࠕᴦࡋࡴ㸦enjoy㸧ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠊ࠶ࡿ✀ࡢࢤ࣮࣒ᛶࢆࡣࡽࢇ࡛ࡃࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕ୓⬟⭯⸆ࠖ࡜ࠕ࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥࠖࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊࣅ࢔ࡀࡇࡇ࡛ษࡾྲྀࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠕ୓⬟⭯⸆ࠖࡢᗈ࿌ࠊࡘࡲࡾࠊࡲࡸ࠿ࡋ⸆ࡢຠ⏝ࢆᐉఏࡍࡿࢸࢡࢫࢺࡣࠊ࠸ࢃࡤㄞࡳࡢᛌᴦࡢ᭱ࡓࡿࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࢁ࠺ࠋ⤖ㄽࢆᑡࡋඛྲྀࡾࡋ࡚࠸࠼ࡤࠊࣅ࢔ࡣࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ⮬ࡽࡢㄞࡳྲྀࡾࢆ♧ࡍࡼࡾࡣࠊࡴࡋࢁࠊㄞࡳᡭഃࢆㄞࡳྲྀࡾ㸦ࡢࢤ࣮࣒㸧࡟ཧຍࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡯࠺ࢆ௻ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ࡉ࠼ࡳ࠼ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡣᗈ࿌ࡢࢸࢡࢫࢺࡣᚤጁ࡟࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ⮬㌟ࡢࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡜㛵㐃ࡋࠊ஺ᕪࡋ࡚ࡃࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋၥ㢟ࡢᗈ࿌ᩥ࠿ࡽࡳ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ㄞ⪅ࡀฟࡃࢃࡍࡢࡣࠊᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅ࢆចࡁࡘࡅࡿ࡭ࡃᣢࡕฟࡉࢀࡓ⑓ྡࡢࠊࡲࡉࡋࡃ࡞ࡾࡩࡾᵓࢃࡠิᣲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⹫ᙅ➽⫗ࠊ⚄⤒⑕ࠊẼ⟶ᨭ⅖ࠊᆘ㦵⚄⤒③ࠊ⑊③㸦ᛶ㸧ࢳࢵࢡࠊ࣮࣐ࣜࣗࢳࠊᒁᡤ③ࠊ⫵⅖ࠊ⃭ࡋ࠸တ㎸ࡳࠊႍᜥࠊ⭜③ࠊୗ⑩ࠊࡑࡋ࡚⾶ᙅ㸦⤖᰾㸧̿̿༑ᣦ࡟వࡿ⑓ྡࡀࠊ࠾ࡑࡽࡃᛮ࠸ࡘࡃ㝈ࡾᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊࡑࢀ࡛ࡶࡲࡔࡑࡢᗈ࿌ࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢ๰᱌⪅ࡣẼࡀ཰ࡲࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ࡳ࠼ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟⸆ࡢຠᯝࡢ࡯࡝ࡶ㏙࡭❧࡚ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᚭᗏࡪࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
He affirms that headache is cured by one worn just below the breast-bone; that one placed
over the navel will cure hysterics, as well as dysentery and affections of bowels.

Even chronic

constiveness he found to be greatly relieved by wearing one over the bowels. (20)ሬᕸࡍࡿయࡢ㒊఩ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ␗࡞ࢀࠊ୍ሬࡾࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࠊ㢌③ࠊࣄࢫࢸ࣮ࣜࠊ㉥⑩ࠊ⭠⑌ᝈࡣ඲ᛌࠊ
ࡑࡋ࡚៏ᛶࡢ౽⛎࡛ࡉ࠼୍ሬ࡛኱ᖜ࡟ᨵၿࠊ࡜࠸ࡗࡓලྜ࡟㄂኱࡞ಖドࡀ࠺ࡓ࠸࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ
࠶ࡿព࿡࡛ࡣ࠸࠿࡟ࡶே㛫ⓗ࡞ࠊࡴࡋࢁࠊࡶࡣࡸே㛫⮯࠸࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡟࡞ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛ὀ┠ࡍ࡭ࡁࡣࠊࡲࡎㄞࡳྲྀࡾࢤ࣮࣒ࡢཱྀⅆࢆษࡿࡢࡀࣅ࢔⮬㌟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔࠋ
Had Casaubon but known!̿his chronic costiveness might have vanished.

The absurdand total barrier between what is present in the text and what is beside the text sparks various
thoughts of what could have been had the characters had access to the advertisements.

(20)ࠕ࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥࠖࡀࡇࡢᗈ࿌ࡉ࠼▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡽࠊᙼࡢᣢ⑓࡞࡝྿ࡁ㣕ࡤࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࢁ࠺̿̿
ࣅ࢔ࡣ✺↛࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢⓏሙே≀ࡢྡᣦࡋࢆࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ⬥ᙺࠊࡘࡲࡾ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥ

－ 13 －㸦Edward Casaubon㸧ࡇࡑࠊ⤊⏕ࡑࡋ࡚Ṛᚋ࡛ࡉ࠼ࡶ㑇ゝ࡜࠸࠺≾⊶࡞ᡭẁࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ୺ேබࢻࣟࢩ࢔࣭ࣈࣝࢵࢡ㸦Dorothea Brooke㸧ࢆⱞᝎ࡟㝗ࢀࡿᙇᮏே࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡗ࡜ࡶࠊࢽ࣮ࢼ࣭࢔࢘࢔ࣂ࣮ࢡ㸦Nina
Auerbach㸧ࡢㄽᩥ࡞࡝࡛ࡣᙼ࡟ྠ᝟ⓗ࡞㠃ࡶ࠺࠿ࡀ࠼࡞ࡃࡶ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡣ࠾ࡑࡽࡃࠕ᭩ࡃ⪅ࠖྠኈࡢࡼࡋࡳ࡜ࡶ࠸ࡗ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࡶࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥࡣࠊᙼࡢ◊✲ࡀ࠸࠿࡟᫬௦㘒ㄗⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶
ࢀࠊࠕ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ⚄ヰᏛ࡬ࡢ㘽ࠖࢆ㏣✲ࡋࠊࡑࡢฟ∧ࡢ㸺‽ഛ㸼࡟⮬ศࡢ⏕ᾭࢆ㉃ࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴⓏሙே
≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚࢔࢘࢔ࣂ࣮ࢡࡣ࠾ࡑࡽࡃ⮬ࡽࢆࠕ᭩ࡃ⪅ࠖ࡜ࡋ้࡚༳ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢᩥᏛ◊✲⪅ࡀࠊᙼࢆ㉡ᒍ┠࡛ࡳࡿࡢࡣ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘ⣡ᚓࡀ࠸ࡃࠋࡔࡀࠊࡑࢀࡣᙜ↛ࠊᙼࡢே㛫ᛶ࡟ྥࡅࡽࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥࡀᙼዪྠᵝ࡟᭩ࡃே㛫࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸦࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸧࠿ࡽࡔࠋࡑࢀࡣ࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥࡢປⱞ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ୍✀ࡢඹឤࡵ࠸ࡓࡶࡢ࡟ࡓࡪࢇ㉳ᅉࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࡑࢀู࡛ࡢ⯆࿡ࢆ㉳ࡇࡉࡏࡶࡍࡿࡀࠊㄞࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ౛እⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ୍⯡ㄞ⪅࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࠸࠼ࡤࠊࡇࡢⓏሙே≀࡟ඹ㬆࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞⪅ࡣⓙ↓ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ᎘࿡࡞Ⓩሙே≀࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣅ࢔ࡢ᪉ἲࡣ࠸ࡉࡉ࠿ᕦጁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣅ࢔ࡣᙼ࡟ぢࡏ࠿ࡅࡢྠ᝟ࢆ♧ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡑࡢᐇࠊ⣮ࢀࡶ࡞࠸ᙧ࡛ᙜே࡟ࡇࡢ⑓ྡࢆ᪩ࠎ࡟้༳ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋࠕ៏ᛶ౽⛎㸦chronic costiveness㸧ࠖ࡜ࠕ࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥࠖ̿̿స⪅࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ࡛ࡉ࠼࠶ࡎ࠿ࡾ▱ࡽࡠ␗ᵝ࡞⤖ࡧࡘࡁ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࠋࡔࡀࠊࣅ࢔ࡣࡇࡢ஧⪅ࢆᘬࡁྜࢃࡏ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋຊᢏ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㏻ᖖゝㄒ࡟ࡼࡿࠊୡ಑ⓗࠊ࡜ࡲ࡛ࡣ࠸ࢃࡠ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ᪥ᖖᛶࢆ⃰ཌ࡟ᖏࡧࡓࡇࡢ༝㏆࡞⑓ྡࡀࠊ✺ዴࠊ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘࡜࠸࠺ྂ඾ᩥᏛࡢୡ⏺࡟ᘬࡁ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㏫࡟ࠊᗈ࿌ࢸࢡࢫࢺࡀྂ඾ᩥ
Ꮫࡢୡ⏺ࢆᘬࡁᐤࡏ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࠋࡔࡀࠊ࠸ࡎࢀ࡟ࡏࡼࠊ᭷↓ࢆ࠸ࢃࡏࡎ୧ࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢቃ⏺
ࢆ౵≢ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࣅ࢔ࡢᙉᘬࡉࡣྰࡵ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋᐇ㝿ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࠊࡑࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡣࣞࢺࣜࢵࢡ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶゝ࠸ᚓ࡚ጁ࡞ࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡿࠋᗈ࿌ࢸࢡࢫࢺࡀ௎ࡵ࠿ࡍᙜ᫬ࡢ୍⯡㏻ᛕ࡛ࡣࠊࠕ៏ᛶ౽⛎ࠖࡣࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ㉥⑩ࡼࡾࡶ᰿἞ᅔ㞴࡞གྷ௓ࣔࣀ࡛࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ㄞࡳྲྀࢀࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊ௚᪉ࠊ࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥࡶࡲࡓ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢགྷ௓⪅࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣ┦㐪࡞࠸ࠋᙼ࡟ࡣࠊኵ࡜࠸࠺㈨᱁࡛ࠊṚᚋࡶ࡞࠾ࢻࣟࢩ࢔ࢆᢚᅽࠊᨭ㓄ࡋ࡚ⱞᝎࡉࡏࡿ㕌ࡉ࡜ᇳᛕ῝ࡉࠊࡑࡋ࡚ᜟࡳࡀࡲࡋࡉ࡜࠸࠺㸺ᣢ⑓㸼ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ᩆ࠸ࡀࡓ࠸ே㛫ᛶ࡟ࡣ㐪࠸࡞࠸ࡢࡔࡀࠊࡇࢀࡶࡲࡓே㛫ࡢᛶ㸦ࡉࡀ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣኚࡾ࡞࠸ࠋㄞ⪅ࡣᬯ⃪ࡓࡿᛮ࠸ࢆჶࡳࡋࡵ࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊ๰సୖࡢࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ㸺⌧ᐇ㸼ࢆཷࡅධࢀࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࡢࡔࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣅ࢔ࡀΰᅾࡉࡏࡓᗈ࿌ࢸࢡࢫࢺࡀࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ஦ែࢆ୍㌿ࡉࡏ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࠋ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥࡢ⭡㒊࡟ࡇࡢ୓⬟⸆ࢆ୍ሬࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࠊᙼࡢ㌟ࡢෆ࡟㨚✚ࡋ࡚ࡸࡲ࡞࠸ࢃࡔ࠿ࡲࡾࡣ୍ᤲࡉࢀࠊᙼࡣ㛗ᖺࡢᣢ⑓࠿ࡽゎᨺࡉࢀࡓࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࡋ࡚௚᪉࡛
ࡣࠊㄞ⪅ࡢ࡯࠺ࡶྠᵝ࡟ゎᨺࡉࢀࡿࠋㄞ⪅ࡢ௦ᘚ⪅࡜ࡶ࠸࠼ࡿࣅ࢔ࡢࡇࡢ㸺ࡋࡗ࡮㏉ࡋ㸼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ
ᙼࡀඖป࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓᣢ⑓㸦㨚៽㸧࠿ࡽゎᨺࡉࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋぢ஦࡞⤖╔࡜࠸࠺࡯࠿࡞࠸ࠋࡕ࡞ࡳ࡟ࠊᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ㄞࡳࠊࡘࡲࡾᩥᏛ࡜ᗈ࿌࡜࠸࠺ࠊ୧ࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢቃ⏺ࡢᦂࡽࡂࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࢀࡽ஧ࡘࡢ㡿ᇦࢆ⾜ࡁ᮶ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ㄞࡳࢆᐇ㝿࡟ព㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࢀࡣࢃ࠿ࡽ
࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࣅ࢔ࡢࡇ࠺ࡋࡓㄞࡳࡣࠊ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢ᰾࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᓧཝ࡞ே⏕ဴᏛࡢഃ㠃ࢆಙዊࡍࡿㄞ⪅࡟ࡣࠊྂ඾ᩥᏛ࡬ࡢࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣస⪅࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ⮬㌟࡟ᑐࡍࡿෑᾨࠊᩥᏐ㏻ࡾࡢࠕ୙
㐯ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᫎࡿᜍࢀࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡔࡀྠ᫬࡟ࠊᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢㄞ⪅࡛࠶ࡿࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ⌧௦ࡢ㸦ࡉࡽ࡟࠸࠼ࡤ 21 ୡ⣖ࡢ㸧ࣅ࢔ࡢㄽᩥࡢㄞ⪅ࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ⤌ྜࡏࡀ⭊࡟ⴠࡕࡿ⪅ࡀ࠸ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ୙ᛮ㆟࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
ୖグࡢᘬ⏝࡟ᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࠊࣅ࢔ࡣ୧ࢸࢡࢫࢺ㛫࡟അ↛ࠊ⏕ࡌࡓ⓶⫗࡞ࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡲࡓ⁥✍࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ㱈㱒ࡢ➃ⓗ࡞౛ࢆ⤂௓ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠗᛴ㐍୺⩏⪅ࣇ࢕࣮ࣜࢡࢫ࣭࣍ࣝࢺ࠘㸦Felix Holt, the Radical, 1866㸧࡛ࡣࠊ୺ேබࣇ࢕࣮ࣜࢡࢫࡣ∗ぶࡀ୍ඈࡅࢆ௻ࢇ࡛సࡗࡓഇ⸆ࢆࠊ∗ぶࡢṚᚋࠊ⮬ࡽࡢಙᛕࡢࡶ࡜ࠊ

－ 14 －ẕぶࡢ㢪࠸࡟⫼࠸࡚ࡍ࡭࡚◚Რࡋࡓࡢࡔࡀࠊࡑࡢࢃࡎ࠿ᩘᖺᚋࠊࡲࡉࡋࡃࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ✀㢮ࡢ᛹ࡋࡆ࡞⸆ࡀࠊྠࡌసᐙ࡟ࡼࡿ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࡛࠘ࡣᇽࠎ࡜෌Ⓩሙࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢᩥᏛసရ࡟ᣳࡳ㎸ࡲࢀࡓᗈ࿌ࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡛ࡣࠊ㈰ࢃࡋ࠸࡯࡝࡟ࡑࡢ⸆ຠࡀ႖ఏࡉࢀࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣅ࢔ࡣࠊࡲࡸ࠿ࡋ⸆ࢆࡵࡄࡿࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ㱈㱒࡟ὀ┠ࡋࠊᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅཯ᛂࢆ᠈ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡶࡲࡓ࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥࡢሙྜ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊወጁ㸦curious㸧㸦30㸧࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ឤ᝿ࢆ₃ࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡔࡀ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘࡟ࡣࠊᪧែ౫↛࡜ࡋࡓ་⒪ไᗘ࡟ᩒ↛࡜ࡋ࡚❧ࡕྥ࠿࠸ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸་⒪ᨵ㠉ࡢ኱ᚿࢆᢪࡃ㟷ᖺ་ᖌࢱ࣮ࢸ࢕࢔ࢫ࣭ࣜࢻࢤ࢖ࢺ㸦TertiusLydgate㸧ࡶ࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋᙼࡢሙྜࠊࡑࡢᚿࡣ᣸ᢡ࡟⤊ࢃࡗࡓࡢࡔࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࡇࡢⓏሙே≀ࡢᏑᅾࢆᛮ࠸㉳ࡇࡍࡔࡅ࡛ࠊྠࡌ୍෉ࡢᮏࡢ୰࡛ࠊࠕഇ⸆ࠖ࡟ᑐࡍࡿྰᐃ࡜⫯ᐃ࡜࠸࠺ᒧ❧ࡋࡓ஧㡯ᑐ❧ࡀేᏑࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾᗈ࿌࡜ᩥᏛ࡜࠸࠺஧ࡘࡢࢸࢡࢫࢺࡣࠊ஫࠸ࡢ㡿ᇦࢆ㊬ࡂ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࠕഇ
⸆ࠖࢆ㍈࡜ࡋ࡚ᑐ❧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࡢࡔࠋ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝അ↛࡜ࡣ࠸࠼㸦ྰࠊ࠾ࡑࡽࡃࡴࡋࢁഅ↛࡛࠶ࡿࡀࡺ࠼࡟ࠊ࡞࠾ࡢࡇ࡜㸧ࡑࡇ࡟⏘ࡳฟࡉࢀ࡚ࡃࡿ⓶⫗ࡢຠᯝࡣ⌧௦ࡢㄞ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚⯆࿡῝࠸ࠋࡶࡗ࡜ࡶࠊ⌧௦ࡢㄞࡳ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ஧㡯ᑐ❧ࡼࡾࡶࡉࡽ࡟ㄞ⪅ࡢዲወᚰࢆࡃࡍࡄࡿࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊࡑࢀࡣ࠾ࡑࡽࡃከ⩏ᛶ࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡿࡶࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ๓㏙ࡋࡓ࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥ࡜㸺ᣢ⑓㸼࡜ࡢ⤖ࡧࡘࡁࡀᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍ㸦࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸧ከ⩏ᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙜ↛࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡇࡢከ⩏ᛶࡣࠊ࢝ࢯ࣮࣎ࣥ࡟࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡲࡓᙜ↛ࠕ៏ᛶ౽⛎ࠖ࡟࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡣ஧⪅ࢆᙉᘬ࡟⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡿࠊࡲࡉ࡟ࣅ࢔ࡢ௻ࡳ࡟࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡾㄞ⪅ࡣ࠸ࡗࡑ࠺῝ࡃከᒱ࡟ࢃࡓࡿㄞࡳྲྀࡾ⾜Ⅽ࡟ㄏ࠸㎸ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࠕတṆࡵ⸆ࠖࣅ࢔ࡢㄞࡳྲྀࡾࡀࡉࡽ࡟⏕ᙬࢆᖏࡧࠊ࠸ࢃࡤ࿧྾ࡋࡣࡌࡵࡿࡼ࠺࡟ឤࡌࡽࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊ➃ⓗ࡟࠸ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠼ࡤࠊᙼዪࡢ᫬௦᳨ドࠊᏛ㆑࡟⿬௜ࡅࡽࢀࡓド࡛᫂࠶ࡿࡼࡾࡣࠊࡴࡋࢁࡑࢀࡀㄞ⪅࡜ࡢ஺Ḽ࡜ࡶ࠸࠺࡭ࡁㄞࡳ࡟ษࡾ᭰ࢃࡿ࡜ࡁࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢᴟࡵ௜ࡅࡣࠕတṆࡵ⸆ࠖࡢᗈ࿌ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࡢ㔜せᛶࡣࠊࡲࡎᗈ࿌ࡢ఩⨨࡟࠶ࡿࠋᗈ࿌ࡣᮏࡢ᭱ᚋ࡟ᕪࡋᣳࡲࢀࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ୺ேබ࡛࠶ࡿࢻࣟࢩ࢔࣭
ࣈࣝࢵࢡࡢၥ㢟ྵࡳ࡞㐠࿨㸦᝷㇂ࠕࠗㄝᚓ࠘࡜࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࠖ52-53㸧ࡢ࠶࡜ࢆᘬࡁ⥅ࡄࡢࡀࡇࡢࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡞ࡢࡔࠋࣅ࢔ࡢㄽᩥࡣࠊࡇࡇ࡛࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢࠕ⤊᭤ࠖࡢ᭱⤊㒊ࢆᘬ⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊᮏㄽ࡛ࡣࡑࡢಶᡤࢆ࿴ヂࡋ࡚♧ࡏࡤ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋᙼዪ [ࢻࣟࢩ࢔] ࡢ⧄⣽࡞⢭⚄ࡣࠊᗈࡃ┠࡟ࡘࡃࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࡲࡔࡑࡢ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ࠸✀ࢆᐟࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᙼዪࡢ㇏࠿࡞ࡦ࡜࡜࡞ࡾࡣࠊ࢟ࣗࣟࢫ኱⋤࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ỈࢆሖࡁṆࡵࡽࢀࡓἙࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡇࡢᆅୖ࡛ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ྡࡶ࡞ࡁࠊᑠࡉ࡞࠸ࡃࡘࡶࡢὶࢀ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᙼዪࡢᏑᅾࡀ࿘ᅖࡢ⪅࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣᩘ㝈ࡾ࡞ࡃࠊ࠶ࡲࡡࡃᗈࡃࡺࡁΏࡗࡓࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࠊࡇࡢୡ⏺ࡢၿࡀ⫱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡢࡣࠊࡦ࡜ࡘ࡟ࡣࠊṔྐ࡟้ࡲࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡞࠸⾜Ⅽࡢ࠾࠿ࡆ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽࡔࠋࡑࡋ࡚ୡࡢ୰ࡀ࠾஫࠸࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊᛮࡗࡓ࡯࡝ᝏࡃ࡞࠸ࡢࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛┠❧ࡓ࡞࠸ே⏕ࢆㄔᐇ࡟㏦ࡾࠊ࠸ࡲࡣゼࢀࡿே࡜࡚ࡲࡤࡽ࡞቎࡟╀ࡿ⪅ࡓࡕ࡟ࠊ࡞࠿ࡤ㈇ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㸦Middlemarch 785ࠋᣋヂ㸧≀ㄒࡢࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⤊⤖ࡢࡋ࠿ࡓࡣࠊㄞࡳྲྀࡿഃ࡟࠶࡜࠶࡜ࡲ࡛వ㡩ࢆṧࡍࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊࡶࡋࠊࡑࡢㄞ⪅ࡀḟ࡟㐃࡞ࡿᗈ࿌ᩥ࡟ࡑࡢࡲࡲㄞࡳ㐍ࢇࡔ࡜௬ᐃࡍࢀࡤ࡝࠺ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋᙼࡣࠊᗈ࿌ࡀᏎࡴࠊ༶ຠᛶ࠶ࡿ㸺⌧ᐇ㸼࡟᭷↓ࢆ࠸ࢃࡏࡎࠊ୸ᢞࡆࡉࢀࡓࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ

－ 15 －ࣅ࢔ࡀᣲࡆࡓࡑࡢᗈ࿌ᩥࡣࠊࠕࡁࢃࡵ࡚⧄⣽࡞ዪᛶࠖࡸࠕࡈࡃᗂ࠸Ꮚ࡝ࡶࠖ࡟ࡶ㣧ࡳࡸࡍ࠸⸆ࡔ࡜ࠊ
࢖ࢱࣜࢵࢡ࡛ᙉㄪࡉࢀࡓ࠺࠼࡛ࠊḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟⥆ࡃࠋ. . . the Public Speaker and Professional Singer will find them invaluable in allaying thehoarseness and irritation incidental to vocal exertion, and also a powerful auxiliary in theproduction of Melodious Enunciation. (20)ࣅ࢔ࡣࡇࡢᗈ࿌ᩥ࡟ࠊ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢⓏሙே≀ࡓࡕࢆ㐃᝿ࡍࡿࠋ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ࣅ࢔ࡀ᝿ീࢆ㏾ࡋࡃ
ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ୺ேබࢻࣟࢩ࢔ࡢ⨾ࡋ࠸ኌࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࣂࣝࢫࢺ࣮ࣟࢻࡢ₇ㄝࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࣟࢨࣔࣥࢻ
ࡢឤࡌࡸࡍࡉࠊࡑࢀࡽࢆ೺ࡸ࠿࡟ಖࡘ࡟ࡣࠊࡇࡢတṆࡵ⸆ࡣ㔜ᐆ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡟㐪࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡇࡇ࡛ࣅ࢔ࡣࡲࡓㄞ⪅࡟ࡲ࡛᝿ീࢆᕠࡽࡏࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ㸶ᕳ࡟ࡶཬࢇࡔ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢࡇࡢຊసࡢࡲࡉࡋࡃ㛗ࡉ⮬యࡀ࣮ࣘࣔ࢔ࢆ㎸ࡵ࡚⓶⫗ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࠕࡶࡋࠊㄞ⪅ࡀࡇࡢᑠㄝࢆኌ࡟ฟࡋ࡚ㄞࢇ
࡛࠸ࡓ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊ≀ㄒࡢ⤊ࢃࡾ࡟ࡁࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣࠊ☜࠿࡟ࡇࡢ⸆ࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡔࢁ࠺ࠖ (21)ࠋ
ᩥᏛࠊᗈ࿌ࡢ୧ࢸࢡࢫࢺࡣࣅ࢔࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ΰࡐྜࢃࡉࢀࡿࠋ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ࣅ࢔ࡣࡇࡇ࡛ࡣㄞࡳࢆࠕᴦࡋࢇ
࡛ࠖ࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ๓㏙ࡋࡓࢳ࢙࢖ࢫࡢᣦ᦬ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠕࡇ࠺ࡋࡓㄞࡳࡣỴࡋ࡚୙┿㠃┠࡛ࡶᜤࡋࡃࡶ࡞࠸ࠖࡢࡔࠋࡴࡋࢁࡇࡇ࡛ὀ┠ࡍ࡭ࡁࡣࠊࣅ࢔ࡀᣢࡕฟࡋࡓ㏻ᖖゝㄒ࡟ࡼࡿᗈ࿌ᩥࡣࠊᩥᏛ࡜ࡣ┿ṇ㠃࠿ࡽ⾪✺ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ⯆࿡῝࠸ࡇ࡜࡟୧ࢸࢡࢫࢺࡣጁ࡟࿧ᛂࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔࠋࡉࡽ࡟ཝᐦ࡟࠸࠼ࡤࠊ࿧ᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡶㄞࡳྲྀࢀࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ͆My God! And is that all?” ࡜ከ⩏ᛶ࿧ᛂࡀㄞ⪅ࢆ่⃭ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࣅ࢔ࡣ⮬ࡽࡢ⮬⏤࡞㐃᝿ࢆᢨṔࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࠾ࡑࡽࡃㄞࡳᡭഃࡢ᝿ീຊࡶゎᨺࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋㄞࡳࡢࢤ࣮࣒࡬ࡢཧຍࢆಁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࣅ࢔ࡢ≺࠸㏻ࡾࠊࢤ࣮࣒ࡣࡶ࠺ࡍ࡛࡟ࡣࡌࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠕတṆࡵ⸆ࠖ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊㄞ⪅ࡢ୰࡟ࡣࣅ࢔࡜ࡣูࡢ⪃࠼࠿ࡓ㸦ឤࡌ࠿ࡓ㸧ࢆࡍࡿ⪅ࡶฟ࡚ࡃࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࣅ࢔ࡀ᝿㉳ࡍࡿࠕㄞ⪅ࠖࠊࡘࡲࡾኌࢆ᣺ࡾ⤠ࡾࠊࡼ࠺ࡸࡃ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢ᭱⤊ᅇ࡟ࡲ࡛㎺ࡾ╔࠸ࡓࠊࡇࡢᚊ൤࡜ࡶ࠸࠺࡭ࡁㄞ⪅ࡣࠊ☜࠿࡟တṆࡵ⸆ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡍࡿ࡯࡝᝺᠋࡞≧ἣ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࡔࢁ࠺ࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ௚᪉࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢ≀ㄒࡢ⤊↉࡟࠶ࡿ῝ῡࢆなࡁ㎸ࢇࡔࡲࡲࠊ❧ࡕࡘࡃࡍㄞ⪅ࡶ࠸ࡓࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ͆My God! And is that all?”
㸦Carroll 30, ᝷㇂ࠊࠕMillerࠖ52㸧࡜ࠊ㏵᪉࡟ࡃࢀࡿᙼࡽ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶࡲࡓࠊတṆࡵ⸆ࡣษᐇ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓࢁ࠺ࠋᙼࡽࡣࠊ㏵ษࢀ㏵ษࢀ࡟⪺ࡇ࠼࡚ࡃࡿࡼ࠺࡞࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢㄒࡾࡢࠕኌࠖ࡟ࠊṑࡀࡺ࠸ᛮ࠸࡛⪥ࢆࡑࡤࡔ࡚࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊࡇࡢస⪅ࡢ㸺Ⓨኌ㸼ࡀࡶ࠺ᑡࡋ᫂░࡛⪺ࡁྲྀࡾࡸࡍ࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡞ࡽࠊ࡜స⪅࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ⮬㌟ࡀࡇࡢတṆࡵ⸆ࢆヨࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࡩ࡜㢪ࡗࡓ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋᗈ࿌ᩥࡀ่⃭ࡋ࡚ㄞ⪅࡟᝿㉳ࡉࡏࡿࡶࡢࡣࠊྛಶே࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᐇ࡟ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞᪉ྥᛶ࡜ᣑࡀࡾࢆࡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࢀࡣ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢㅦࡵ࠸ࡓ⤊ࢃࡾ࠿ࡓࠊࡘࡲࡾࠕ⤊᭤ࠖࡀᖏࡧࡿከ⩏ᛶࠊࢆㄞ⪅࡟෌ࡧ᝿㉳ࡉࡏࡿࡶࡢ࡟ࡶ࡞ࡿࠋ
ࣅ࢔ࡢࡇࡢㄽᩥࡢࡑࡶࡑࡶࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊ๓㏙ࡢ࡜࠾ࡾࠊฟ∧ᙜ᫬࡜⌧௦ࡢㄞ⪅㛫ࡢ᝟ሗࠊព㆑ࡢᕪࢆᇙࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾࠊㄞ⪅ࡣࠊࣅ࢔ࡢࠕ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᣦ᦬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢసရ୰ࡢࠕࣔࣀ࣭ࢥࢺࠖࡢ୙ᅾ࡟Ẽ࡙࠿ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊࡑࢀࡽࡣ୙ᅾ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࡺ࠼࡟࠿࠼ࡗ࡚๓ᬒ໬ࡉࢀ࡚ࡶࡃࡿࡢࡔࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࣅ࢔ࡣᙜ᫬ࡢᗈ࿌ᩥࡢ᝟ሗࢆ୪ิࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ᫬௦ࡢ᥎⛣࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㛤ࡅࡽࢀࡓ✵ⓑ࡟ࠊࡼࡾከࡃࢆࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࡼࡾ῝ࡃࢆㄞࡳྲྀࢁ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ☜࠿࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡔࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᮏ✏࡛ࡳ࡚ࡁࡓ

－ 16 －ࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᐇ㝿ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ฟ∧ᙜ᫬࡜⌧௦ࠊ୧ㄞ⪅㛫ࡢ᫬௦ⓗࢬࣞࠊ✵ⓑࢆᇙࡵࡼ࠺࡜
ࡍࡿࣅ࢔ࡢ⾜Ⅽࡣࠊ⯆࿡῝࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ࠊ௚᪉࡛ࡣࡴࡋࢁู✀ࡢ✵ⓑࢆ⮬ࡽ⏘ฟࡋ࡚ࡶ࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊᩥᏛ࡜ᗈ࿌ࡢ஧ࡘࡢ␗࡞ࡗࡓࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢ஺ᕪࡀఏ࠼࡚ࡃࡿ࠶ࡿ✀ࡢᦂࡽࡂࠊࡑࢀࡀᖏࡧ࡚ࡃࡿㄞࡳࡢ✵ⓑࡢ⏘ฟ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟࠸࠼ࡤࠊࡑࢀࡣࡇࡢࠕ⤊᭤ࠖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿస⪅࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ⮬㌟ࡢᨾពࡢ✵ⓑ࡜↓㛵ಀ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࡶᛮࢃࢀ࡚ࡃࡿࠋ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢ᭱⤊㒊࡟ࡣࠊㄞ⪅ࡢ࠶ࡢ͆And is that all?” ࡟௦ᘚࡉࢀࡿࠊ୍✀ࡢ⫪㏱࠿ࡋࡢឤࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡣ࠾ࡑࡽࡃస⪅ࡢពᅗⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡔࢁ࠺ࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࣅ࢔ࡀ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡓ㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊࡴࡋࢁ㨩ࡏࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ㸧ࡢࡣࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ⫪㏱࠿ࡋࡀ୚࠼ࡿ✵ⓑ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࣅ࢔ࡣ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࡛࠘ࡣࠊࡣࡌࡲࡾ࡜⤊ࢃࡾࡀࠊ☜ᅛࡓࡿᇶ┙࡜ࠊ㏫࡟ࡑࢀࢆ
ᦂࡿࡀࡍࡶࡢ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᡂࡾ❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆぢ࡚ྲྀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ⪷ࢸࣞࢧࡢ᏶඲࡞⛛ᗎ࡜⤫ไࡀ࠶ࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊ௚᪉࡛ࡣࠕ᤼㝖ࠖࠊࠕྰᐃࠖࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࠕ୙ྍ⬟ᛶࠖ㸦28㸧ࡀ₯ࡲࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽ࡙࠿ࡎ࡟ࡣ࠸ࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࣅ࢔ࡣᏳᐃ࡜ᦂࡽࡂࡢⴠᕪ㸦࡜ࠊࡉࡽ࡟࠸࠺࡞ࡽࠊࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡌ࡚ࡃࡿ✵ⓑ㸧ࢆࡋ࠿࡜ぢᒆࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡼࡾ࠸ࡗࡑ࠺⯆࿡῝ࡃᛮࢃࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᣦ᦬ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊࣅ࢔ࡀ⮬㌟ࡢ᭩ࡁࡶࡢ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ࡜ྠᵝࡢࡇ࡜ࢆヨࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠾ࡑࡽࡃ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢሙྜྠᵝࠊࡑࢀࡶࡲࡓࣅ࢔ࡢពᅗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡇࡢㄽ⪅ࡣ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄒࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᐇ㝿ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ⮬㌟ࡢ᪉ἲࢆࡶㄒࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࣅ࢔ࡣࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡀࠕస⪅࡜ㄞ⪅ࡢ㛫࡛ᦂࢀືࡃຊ㛵ಀࠖ㸦30㸧ࢆព㆑ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ๰స࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡓ࡜ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢ᭩⡆ࢆ⤂௓ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡣࠊࡑࡢ᭩⡆ࡢ୰࡛ࠕྂ඾࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠗ࢖࣮ࣜ࢔ࢫ࠘࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࣓࣍ࣟࢫస࡜ࡉࢀࡿࡑࡢ㛗⦅ླྀ஦リࡢ࠸ࢃࡤ✵ⓑ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋリ࡟ࡣࠊ࡝ࢀࡀṇࡋ࠸ࡢ࠿ㄡ࡟ࡶࢃ࠿ࡽࡠභ㏻ࡾࡶࡢ
␗࡞ࡗࡓព࿡ࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡀ㨩஢ࡉࢀࡿࡢࡣࡑࡢリࡢࠕ୧⩏ᛶࠊከ⩏ᛶࠖ
㸦“equivocalness”㸧⮬య࡛࠶ࡿ (2)ࠋࣅ࢔ࡣࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢࡇࡢࠕከ⩏ᛶࠖࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࠊࡇࡢసᐙ⮬㌟
ࡶ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ༑ศࠕࡑ࠺ࡋࡓከ⩏ᛶࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊㄞ⪅࡟ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ㄞࢇ࡛ࡁࡓࡶࡢࢆㄞࡳ┤ࡋࠊ෌ホ౯ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ಁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ㸦30㸧࡜⤖ㄽ࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣅ࢔ࡢࡇࡢ⤖ㄽࡣࠊࣄࣜࢫ࣭
࣑࣮ࣛ㸦Hillis Miller㸧ࡢࠕㄞࡳࡢ㸦୙㸧ྍ⬟ᛶ㸦the (im)possibility of reading㸧ࠖ㸦Miller 154ࠊ ᝷㇂ࠕࠗㄝᚓ࠘࡜࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࠖ192㸧࡬ࡢὀ┠ࠊ♧၀࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡶࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࡀࠊࣅ࢔ࡀㄞࡳྲྀࡗ
ࡓ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ๰సἲࡣࠊࡑࡢࡲࡲࣅ࢔⮬㌟ࡢࡇࡢㄽᩥ࡟ࡶ࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ
࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡣసᐙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᶒጾࢆ☜❧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᣄྰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ̿̿ࣅ࢔ࡣࡑ࠺୺ᙇࡍࡿࠋ࠾ࡑࡽࡃ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢ⤊ᮎ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ✵ⓑࢆ୺࡟ᛕ㢌࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡢ୺ᙇࡔࢁ࠺ࡀࠊࣅ࢔⮬㌟ࡶྠᵝ࡟ࠊࡇࡢ᭩ࡁࡶࡢ㸦ㄽᩥ㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚⮬ศࡢᶒጾࢆ☜❧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࠊ࡞࠿ࡤᣄྰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣅ࢔ࡀ᭩ࡃࡢࡣࠊᙜ↛ࠊᩥᏛసရ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊ᭩ࡁᡭࡀⴭ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᶒጾࢆᣄྰࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࡣ୧⪅ࡣ㔜࡞ࡾྜ࠺ࠋᩥᏛ࡟ᗈ࿌ࢸࢡࢫࢺࢆᙉᘬ࡟ᘬࡁྜࢃࡏࠊࡑࡇ࡟⏕ࡌ࡚ࡃࡿᦂࢀࢆࡑࡢࡲࡲㄞ⪅࡟ᡭΏࡍ࡜࠸࠺ࣅ࢔ࡢࡑࡢヨࡳࡣࠊࡲࡉ࡟ࡑࡢ᭱ࡓࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ᪉ἲࡣᙜ↛࡞ࡀࡽࠊࠕ୙┿㠃┠ࠖ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࢳ࢙࢖ࢫࡢᗎࡢゝⴥࡀ┿ᐇ࿡ࢆᖏࡧ࡚ࡃࡿࠋ᭱ึ࡟㏙࡭ࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࠕ୍ୡ⣖௨ୖ࡟ࢃࡓࡾᓫࡵࡽࢀ⥆ࡅ࡚ࡁࡓࡇࡢᑠㄝࠖ
࡟࡞࡟࠿၏୍㊊ࡾ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊࠕ୙㐯ࠖࡇࡑࠊࡑࢀ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ⦅⪅ࢳ࢙࢖ࢫࡢ㗦ゅⓗ࡟ษࡾྲྀࡽࢀࡓゝⴥࡀࠊࣅ࢔ࡢㄽᩥ࡟ᘬࡁྲྀࡽࢀࡿ࡜ࠊࢳ࢙࢖ࢫࡢࡑࡢ┤⿢ࡉࡣࠊㄽ⪅࡛࠶ࡿࣅ࢔⊂⮬ࡢ᪉ἲㄽࡢ୰࡟ᕦጁ࡟ࠊ࡞࠿ࡤ㞃ⶸࡉࢀࡿࠋ୧⪅ࡢ᪉ἲㄽࡣ␗࡞ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣅ࢔ࡢሙྜࡶࡲࡓࡇࡢ⦅⪅ࡢゝⴥࡢ┤᥋ᛶྠᵝࠊ୙┿㠃┠ࡉ࡜ࡣ↓⦕࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡝ࡇࢁ࠿ࠊ୙┿㠃┠ࡉ࡞࡝࡜ࡣࡴࡋࢁᑐᴟ࡟࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࡲࡉ࡟┿๢຾㈇࡛࠶ࡿࡢࡔࠋ

－ 17 －࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡀ๰స࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ᭩ࡁᡭ࡜ㄞࡳᡭഃࡢ㛫࡛ᦂࢀືࡃຊ㛵ಀࢆ⥭ᐦ࡟ព㆑ࡋ࡚ᇳ➹ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࢆࣅ࢔ࡣぢ࡚ྲྀࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠊ࡜ࡣࡍ࡛࡟㏙࡭ࡓࡀࠊࣅ࢔ࡣ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡀࠕㄞࡳᡭ⮬㌟ࡢ๰ពᕤኵ
㸦reader’s own ingenuity㸧ࠖ㸦30㸧࡟ࡶ╔┠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡶゐࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣅ࢔ࡢሙྜࡣ๰స࡛ࡣ࡞
ࡃㄽᩥ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊࡇࡢ◊✲⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶࡲࡓ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺྠᵝࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ᭩ࡁࡶࡢࡣࠊㄞࡳᡭ⮬㌟
ࡢ㸦ㄞࡳ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㸧๰ពᕤኵ࡜ࡢ┿๢຾㈇࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡟㐪࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡳ࡚ࡁࡓࡼ࠺࡞ᗈ࿌ే㍕ࡣึ∧ࡢ㸶ᕳศ෉ࡀ᭱ึ࡛᭱ᚋࡢヨࡳ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢᚋࠊ஧ᗘ࡜⌧ࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋึ∧࡟✺ዴࠊฟ⌧ࡋࡓᗈ࿌ᩥࡢࠕᏑᅾࠖࡢ୙ពᡴࡕࡣࠊస⪅ࡢ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ
⮬㌟ࡣᙜ↛ࡢࡇ࡜ࠊ⏕ᾭ࡟ࢃࡓࡾᙼዪࡢࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮࡛࠶ࡾ⥆ࡅࡓ G. H. ࣝ࢖ࢫ㸦G. H. Lewes㸧࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶ࠸࠿࡟ࡶ┠㞀ࡾ࡛ࠊࡣࡓ㏞ᝨ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࢁ࠺ࠋࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡣ⮬ศࡢᩥᏛࢸࢡࢫࢺࡀᗈ
࿌ᩥࡢࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡜஺஫࡟ㄞࡳẚ࡭ࡽࢀࠊㄞࡳᡭࡢഃ࡛ࠊㄞࡳࡢ㸺 㑏㸼ࠊㄞࡳ┤ࡋࡀ㉳ࡇࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࡼࡶࡸ᝿ീࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋㄽᩥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᩥᏛࠊᗈ࿌ࡢ୧ࢸࢡࢫࢺࢆేᏑࡉࡏࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࣅ࢔ࡢࡇࡢ᩾᪂࡞᪉ἲࡣࠊㄽᩥࡢㄞ⪅ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸦ࡶࡋࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡶㄞࡴ࡜௬ᐃࡍࢀࡤࠊࡢヰࡔࡀ㸧స⪅࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶ☜࠿࡟ព⾲ࢆ✺ࡃࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡗࡓࢁ࠺ࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᙼዪࡢࡇࡢ᪉ἲࡶࡲࡓࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢሙྜྠᵝࠊ༑ศࠕከ⩏ᛶࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊㄞ⪅࡟ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ㄞࢇ࡛ࡁࡓࡶࡢࢆㄞࡳ┤ࡋࠊ෌ホ౯ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ಁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࡇ࡜ࡶ☜࠿࡞ࡢࡔࠋ ࣅ࢔ࡀ┳◚ࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢពᅗ㸦࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡶࡢ㸧ࡣࠊࣅ࢔ࡢࡇࡢㄽᩥࡢࠕࣔࣀ࣭ࢥࢺࠖ
࡟ⴌⱆࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࠕ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࠖࡢㄞࡳ┤ࡋࠊ෌ホ౯ࡣࡍ࡛࡟ㄞ⪅ࡢഃ࡛ᜥ࡙ࡁࡣࡌࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞
࠸ࠋࣅ࢔ࡢ㆟ㄽࡣࠕ21 ୡ⣖ⓗㄞࡳࠖࡢ୍ࡘࡢヨࡳ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࠿ࡘ┿ᦸ࡞ᥦ᱌࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ᭩ࡁࡶࡢࡣࠊ⌧௦ࡢㄞ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣㄽᩥ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࠿ࡘࠊࡑࢀ⮬యࡀࠕ21 ୡ⣖ⓗㄞࡳࠖࡢᛌᴦ࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡿᕦ⦓࡞ㄞࡳ
ࡶࡢ࡜ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
Notes(1) ࡑ࠺ࡋࡓࠕࣔࣀࠖ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣅ࢔ࡢ╔║ࡣࠊྠ᭩࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࠸ࡲ୍ேࡢㄽ⪅࡟ࡶ㏻ࡌࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࢣ࢖ࢺ࣭ࣇࣜࣥࢺ㸦Kate Flint㸧ࡶࡲࡓ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢࣔࣀ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ≀㉁ᛶ⮬యࢆࢸ࣮࣐࡟ࡋࡓᙼዪࡢㄽᩥ࡛ࡣࠊࣅ࢔ࡀᣲࡆ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࣔࣀྠᵝࠊࣅ࢔ࡢᣲࡆ࡚࠸ࡓࣔࣀࡶࡉࡽ࡟ලయⓗ࡟ิᣲࡉࢀ࡚ࠊᙜ᫬ࡢே㛫ࡢ៿᠄ࠊḧᮃ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ᪥ᖖᛶࡀࡉࡽ࡟⌧ᐇ࿡ࢆᖏࡧ࡚⌧௦ࡢㄞ⪅࡟ࡶఏࢃࡾࠊᙜ᫬ࡢᵝ┦ࢆ᥈ࡿᡭ❧࡚࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢ୍㒊ࢆ⤂௓ࡍࢀࡤࠊࣇࣜࣥࢺࡣࠊᙜ᫬ࡢㄞ⪅ࡀฟྜ࠺࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘࡜ࡣࠊࡲࡎ࢘࢕ࣜ࢔࣒࣭ࣈࣛࢵࢡ࢘ࢵࢻ࣭ ࢔ࣥࢻ࣭ࢧࣥࢬ♫Ⓨ⾜ࡢࡎࡗࡋࡾࡋࡓ㸶ᕳࡢ୪〇ࡢᮏ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ⥳ࡀ࠿ࡗࡓ⾲⣬ࢆ࠸ࡗࡓࢇ㛤ࡅࡤࠊㄞ⪅ࡣ⮬ศࡓࡕࡀࣔࣀ࡟ᅖࡲࢀࡓᏑᅾ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ␲ࢃ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡔࢁ࠺࡜ࠊࡑࡢ≀㉁ᛶࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ᙼዪࡢゝⴥࢆ⏝࠸ࢀࡤࠊ࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡣᗈ࿌࡟ᣳࡲࢀࡓࠕࢧࣥࢻ࢖ࢵࢳࠖ≧ែ࡟࠶ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢࢸࢡࢫࢺࢆࢧࣥࢻ࢖ࢵࢳ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᗈ࿌ࡣࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠕ᪂᱌↮ⲡࢣ࣮ࢫࠖࠕ⻽ὤࢀ࡞ࡋࡢ⻽⇵ࠖࠕ໬⢝▼㮯ࠖࠕ⢭㑅㤶Ỉࠖࠊࡑࡋ࡚࡞࡟ࡸࡽ᪂ࡋ࠸㊃ྥࢆจࡽࡋࡓ㸦ࡽࡋ࠸㸧ࠕᾎᐊ௜ࡢ࣍ࢸࣝࠖ㸦65㸧࡜࠸ࡗࡓලྜ࡟ࠊࡲࡉ࡟ࠕࣔࣀࠖどⅬ࡛ㄞࡳྲྀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᙜ↛࡞ࡀࡽࣅ࢔࡜ࣇࣜࣥࢺࡢ㆟ㄽࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ␗࡞ࡗࡓᒎ㛤ࢆࡳࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࡢࡔࡀࠊ୧ㄽᩥࡢฟⓎⅬࡀ࡜ࡶ࡟࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘ࡢࣔࣀ࡬ࡢὀ┠࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ⯆࿡῝࠸ࠋ－ 18 －(2) ࣅ࢔ࡀ┳◚ࡍࡿࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢࠕከ⩏ᛶࠖ㔜どࡢഴྥࡣࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ⮬స࡟ే㍕ࡍࡿᤄ⤮࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢసᐙࡀྰᐃⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡶ㏻ࡌࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ࣐࢖ࢣ࣭ࣝࢫࢸ࢕࣮ࣝ㸦Michael Steele㸧ࡣࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡀᤄ⤮ࢆᅇ㑊ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋࡓ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᤄ⤮⏬ᐙࡓࡕࡢᩥᏛゎ㔘ࡀㄞ⪅ࡢసရཷᐜ࡟୚࠼ࡿ㸦࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸧ᙳ㡪ࢆࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡀ༴᝹ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜᠈ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀ

ࡀ┿ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡶᩥᏛゎ㔘ࡢᏎࡴࠕከ⩏ᛶࠖࢆㄞ⪅ࡢࡓࡵ࡟☜ಖࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࠊ࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢసᐙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢពᅗࠊಙᛕࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡀㄞࡳྲྀࢀࡿࠋ
Works Cited
Auerbach, Nina. “Dorothea’s Lost Dog.” Chase, pp. 87-105.
Beer, Gillian. “What’s Not in Middlemarch.” Chase, pp. 15-35.
Carroll, David. editor, George Eliot: The Critical Heritage. Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1971.
Chase, Karen., editor, Middlemarch in the Twenty-First Century. Oxford UP, 2006.
ɆɆɆ  ,QWURGuction. Chase, pp. 3-14.
Eliot, George. Middlemarch. 1871-1872. Oxford UP, 2008.
Flint, Kate. “The Materiality of Middlemarch.” Chase, pp. 87-105.
Miller, Hillis. “A Conclusion in Which Almost Nothing Is Concluded: Middlemarch’s ‘Finale’.” Chase,
pp.133-56.
Steele, Michael.͆͂In the Abstract I Object to Illustrated Literature’: George Eliot, Artists andVisualization.” The George Eliot Review, vol.54, 2023, pp. 87-105.
᝷㇂⨾ᬛᏊࠕࠗㄝᚓ࠘࡜࣑ࠗࢻ࣐࣮ࣝࢳ࠘̿̿ࡣࡌࡲࡾ࡜⤊ࢃࡾࡢ⊃㛫࡛࣮̿̿ࠖࠗ࢜ࢫࢸ࢕ࣥ࡜࢚ࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ̿̿῝㐲࡞ࡿ㛵ಀࡢ㸺ㅦ㸼ࢆ᥈ࡿ࠘᝷㇂⨾ᬛᏊࠊ᪂㔝⥳⦅ⴭࠊ᫓㢼♫ࠊ2023ࠊpp. 159-197ࠋɆɆɆ ࠕMiddlemarch: J. Hillis Miller ࡢ㸺ㄞࡳ㸼ࢆㄞࡴ̿̿A reading is a game, but it is a seriousgame.̿̿ࠖࠗゝㄒᩥ໬◊✲࠘➨㸵ྕࠊ⚄ᡞᾏᫍዪᏊᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ ゝㄒᩥ໬◊✲ᡤࠊ2023ࠊpp. 39-58ࠋ

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