Next
Generation
Solutions
THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE
SUSTAINABILITY FOCUS AREASNextGeneration
Solutions
THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE
SUSTAINABILITY FOCUS AREAS_2
3

The intention of this brochure is to provide more detailed

The brochure begins with a report on the greenhouse gas

information on selected products and solutions with aemission reductions of selected NGSs – so-called "avoided

clearly positive sustainability profile, i.e. our Evonik Next

emissions"1. It then describes further NGSs and their

Generation Solutions (NGSs). Special attention is paid to

associated benefits, paying special attention to their

the contribution of these NGSs to the four Sustainability

contribution to one of the four sustainability focus areas.

Focus Areas (SFAs) – that bundle our contributions to asustainable transformation – and describe their sustain-

Where possible, a quantitative estimation of the handprint

ability benefits (also referred to as their handprint).

is given. Due to the profound interest in quantitative andprecise information on handprints in some value chains

After introducing the SFAs and the Evonik Portfolio

and good data availability, several examples from auto-

Sustainability Assessment (PSA) methodology, the hand-motive and food applications are described in this brochure.

print evaluation of some NGSs is detailed. These assessments are evidence for a positive PSA score and allow abetter understanding of the contribution of an NGS to
one of the SFAs.

1
1

Until 2021, results and further information on “avoided emissions” have been reported in the Evonik carbon footprint brochure. Cf.
https://corporate.evonik.com/Downloads/Corporate%20Responsibility/evonik_2022_ecf_2021_en.pdf

FIGHTDRIVE

SAFEGUARD

ENSURE HEALTH

CLIMATE CHANGE

CIRCULARITY

ECOSYSTEMS& WELLBEING

AVOIDED EMISSIONS THROUGH THE USE OF SELECTED EVONIK PRODUCTS

44.3
million tons CO2equantified

quantification

quantification

quantification

ongoingongoingongoingContent

06

4

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5

12

10

1.1 Fight climate change

11

1.2 Drive circularity

12

1.3 Safeguard ecosystems

13

1.4 Ensure health & wellbeing

14

18

Evonik’s four
Sustainability Focus Areas(SFAs)

Evonik sustainability analysis

16

2.1 Methodology		

18

2.2 Contribution of PARCs to SFAs

51
20

Handprint of selected Evonik’s
Next Generation Solutions (NGS)
for the four Sustainability Focus
Areas

25

3.1

Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions

38

3.2

Further Next Generation Solutions

through applying Evonik’s NGS

Evonik's
four Sustainability
Focus Areas

_6
7

1
Evonik’s four Sustainability
Focus Areas (SFAs)
Our contributions to sustainable transformation are

The following page summarizes our understanding andbundled in the four Sustainability Focus Areas (SFAs):

definition of each SFA, the topics addressed, as well as• Fight Climate Change

the relevant United Nations’ Sustainable Development• Drive Circularity

Goals (SDGs).

• Safeguard Ecosystems and• Ensure Health & Wellbeing.

The relevance of each SFA for our business activities
has been analyzed in order to define the current stateWithin each SFA, Evonik is working on reducing its_8

ecological (and social) footprint and enhancing its
handprint resulting from product application.

9

Each SFA addresses specific sustainability topics.

of our impact and our next actions and ambitions.

FIGHT CLIMATE CHANGE

DRIVE CIRCULARITY• Reduce Scope 1 and 2 greenhouse gases• Increase share of circular raw materials2(GHG) reduction• Enable resource reduction by process• Reduce Scope 3 GHG

optimization, enhancing durability or other• Reduce Scope 1-3 carbon intensity

options for lifetime extension• Reduce specific energy use• Increase share of renewable electricity• Enable or improve recycling(mechanical or chemical)• Enable avoided emissions

SAFEGUARD ECOSYSTEMSENSURE HEALTH & WELLBEING• Establish water stewardship• Reduce hazardous emissions(focus on blue water consumption3 reduction• Reduce hazardous solid waste

and water scarcity)• Reduce sales with disputed chemicals• Establish ecosystem stewardship(focus on land use)
• Access to bio-based raw materials which
comply with environmental and social
sustainability requirements• Enable customers to replace disputed chemicals• Enable reduced exposure to Volatile Organic
Compounds (VOC) and microparticulate matter• Grow number of patients or vulnerable
consumers reached with health outcomes• Reduce eutrophication and acidification• Reduce emissions and leaching of disputed
chemicals, microplastic, and other persistentchemicals

There are three sources for circular feedstock: recycled feedstock (can come from fossil- or bio-based waste), bio-based feedstock,CO2-based feedstock (could be produced using different technologies).
3
Blue Water Consumption (BWC) refers to surface or groundwater that is either evaporated, incorporated into a product or taken from6
one water body and returned to another, or returned at different time.
2
5

1.1 FIGHT CLIMATE CHANGESTATUS QUOFIELDS OF ACTIONS & AMBITIONS• We committed to science-based targets in 2022.
• Within the EAGER program , 25% reduction of our scope4

1&2 emissions by 2030 have been validated for technicalfeasibility with CapEx needs and OpEx effects and a posi-• Align the Next Generation Technologies roadmap
with business lines and sites and integrate it into
CapEx planning process.
• Better understand costs and availability of green

tive business case. Main drivers are energy

raw materials and engage with our suppliers andefficiency measures, electrification, exiting coal-based

customers to pass on these costs along the value chain.

steam and electricity generation, and procurement of• Intensify efforts to secure renewable electricity.

renewable electricity. We challenge our sites for reduction• Intensify dialogue with our customers andpathways in line with a 1.5 degree scenario.

partners to avoid emissions along the value chain.

• Completion of installation of an alternative steam andelectricity generation in Marl in 2022, to terminate
coal-based technology. Complete exit of coal has been
postponed to respond to actual energy crisis in Germany• We have responded to the energy crisis in Europe by
reducing the demand for natural gas by 40% against the2022 planning through intermediate measures in Germany• Supplier engagement program started to reduce procured

AWARD

materials scope 3 emissions. Product Carbon Footprint
guidelines launched within the Together for Sustainability(TfS) initiative to help suppliers to quantify and reduce

10

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carbon footprints.
• CDP Climate Change awarded Evonik a grade of Ain 2021
• Continuous dialogue with business lines and customers toincrease the understanding of our product impacts and toquantify avoided emissions.

40%
We have reduced
the natural gas demandin Germany by 40%.

4EAGER stands for the Evonik Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction started in 2022
to assess main CO2-emitting sites and define a clear implementation plan with reduction measures.

CDP Climate Change awarded
Evonik a grade of A- in 2021.

1.2 DRIVE CIRCULARITYSTATUS QUOFIELDS OF ACTIONS & AMBITIONS• Around 10% of Evonik raw materials• Improve tracking of circular raw materials andare bio-based.

understanding for best use for alternative source.

• The Evonik Circular Plastics Program5 is working on andhighlighting significant contributions to the circular
economy, specifically to increasing the recycling rateof plastics.

• Combine increased share of circular raw materials
with reliable supply.
• Create sufficient supply chain control (e.g. via partnerships or backintegration) for relevant raw materials.

• Framework on how to assess circularity in PSA• Select specialty technologies and business where circularestablished in 2021 covering contributions to circular

economy is most material to deepen understanding of

economy along the value chain like circular raw

our impact downstream.

materials, resource reduction by e.g. higher durability,• The Evonik Global Circular Plastics program has anrecycling, renature (describing a closed carbon loop

additional sales potential of €350 million per yearwith products that are 100% bio-based and 100% bio-from 2030.

degradable) or increased longevity by reuse/repurpose/• Apply circular chemistry principles in innovation.6

repair/remanufacturing.
• This is informed by our active contribution to WBCSD’s
guidance on circularity assessment in PSA, which iscurrently under development.

HARD FACT
Evonik Circular Plastics Program is working
on increasing the rerecycling rate of plastics.

https://corporate.evonik.com/en/sustainability/circular-plastic/
Tom Keijer, Vincent Bakker, and J. Chris Slootweg: Circular Chemistry to enable a Circular Economy.
6
Nature Chemistry, Volume 11, March 2019., 190-195. DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0226-956

1.3 SAFEGUARD ECOSYSTEMSSTATUS QUOFIELDS OF ACTIONS & AMBITIONS• > 70% of Evonik blue water consumption (BWC) results• A water stewardship approach needs to comprise raw

from the upstream value chainmaterials and products. To achieve it, several actions(i.e. fossil and bio-based raw materials).

need to be implemented: more systematic integration of

Biodiversity also has key relevance upstream.

water topics into business decisionmaking, intensifying• Bio-based and recycling based raw materials usually havedialogue with suppliers on water-related topics (e.g. on

a higher specific BWC than fossil ones, so a portfolio

sourcing regions of purchased raw materials in order toshift might result in an increase BWC.

assess potential water scarcity), initiating collective• Water-intensive raw materials and processes havebeen identified as well as water stress sites.
• Biodiversity impact at sites is already known andmonitored.
• CDP Water Security awarded Evonik a B in 2021.
• Evonik has been an active member of the RSPO
since 2010.

actions with key stakeholders from civil society, publicauthorities and public policy, engaging more with local
communities in our areas of operation and, finally
increasing transparency on water issues7.
• Coherent management of greenhouse gas emissions
reduction and blue water consumption is needed, especially for the transition towards circular raw
materials.
• Biodiversity also needs to gain importance in supplierdialogue in relevant value chains. Following the LEAP

AWARD

Nature Risk Assessment Approach8, the location of
upstream operations needs to be identified in order to

CDP Water Security awarded
Evonik a grade B in 2021.

12_

define how these activities interface with ecosystems.
Dependencies and impacts can then be evaluated for theidentified locations. Finally, material risks and opportuni-

13

tIes can be discussed as well as existing mitigation
approaches.
• Some Evonik products enable water savings and/or
enhance biodiversity in their applications. This handprint
will be further quantified in the near future.

70%of Evonik BWC results fromthe upstream value chain

7
8

according to the 6 principles defined by the CEO Water Mandate (https://ceowatermandate.org/)
https://framework.tnfd.global/the-leap-nature-risk-assessment-process/1.4 ENSURE HEALTH & WELLBEINGSTATUS QUOFIELDS OF ACTIONS & AMBITIONS• We have established a software solution that allows us• Coherent and forward-looking management of risks

to link the product stewardship substance data withand opportunities is needed driven by chemical safetymaterial data. Information is then consolidated on

regulations and stakeholder ambitions around the use

product and PARC level.

and substitution of specific chemicals by establishing a• In the PSA, signal category 1 uses relevant hazard

consistent data structure for substances, materials,

information of the PARC together with the risk assess-products and PARCs and the consideration of future

ment of exposure and is the base for scoring.

requirements.

• Hazard information including anticipated regulatory• Alignment within the chemical sector and along WBCSD

trends based on the European Chemicals Strategy forpathways to incorporate CSS legislation into the PSA as

Sustainability (CSS) is used for portfolio review of risks,

it becomes clearer.

opportunities and follow-up actions.
• Assessment of the entire PARC portfolio for exposure tochemical safety concerns for our products and issues
with disputed chemicals along the entire value chain.
The overall exposure is less than 10% of our portfolio
and is reflected in the ratings “Transitioner” or “Challenged” for the respective PARC.
• Our Health Care business is developing effective
medication and treatments for a healthy life thatminimize negative environmental impacts.

HARD FACTOur Health Care business is developing
medication and treatments for a healthy lifethat minimizie negative environmental
impacts.

• Better understand the health impact of enablingalternative, more effective pharma therapies.

Evoniksustainability
analysis

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2
Evonik sustainability analysis
2.1 METHODOLOGY

Our sustainability analysis is closely based on the principles

The findings are used in a structured overall evaluationand content of the WBCSD Portfolio Sustainability Assess-of the PARC's sustainability performance, resulting inments (PSA)9. The framework for the sustainability analysis

allocation to the performance category:comprises the five process steps illustrated on the next page.
The unit of assessment is defined as a so-called productapplication-region-combination (PARC). PARCs group
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combinations of products, applications and regions forwhich sustainability performance ‒ in terms of bothfavorable and unfavorable sustainability signals ‒ is similar.
Sustainability signals relate to material ecological or social

A++ (LEADER)
A+ (DRIVER)
B (PERFORMER)
C- (TRANSITIONER)
C-- (CHALLENGED)

aspects along the value chain, from the supply chain
through production and subsequent use to end of life.

Equal weight is given to all material signals; negative
signals are not offset by positive signals.

The PSA methodology describes the signal categories(SCs) of specific relevance for the chemical industry:

Together, the categories "Leader" and "Driver" cover
the Next Generation Solutions. Results of the PSA are

Chemical hazard and exposure

published yearly in the Evonik sustainability report.10

across the life cycle (SC 1)

In 2020, Evonik generated 37% of sales with NGSs.

Global regulatory trends (SC 2)
Sustainability ambitions in the value chain (SC 3)

Our goal is to make NGSs grow beyond 50% by 2030,

Authoritative ecolabels (SC 4)

through existing NGSs, new sales from innovations, andSustainability performance comparedfrom exiting "Challenged" and "Transitioner" product or

to alternative solutions (SC 5)

replacing them with new formulations.

Evonik follows this approach and evaluates the signal
categories 1 to 5 to determine the sustainability
performance of our portfolio.

910

https://www.wbcsd.org/Programs/Circular-Economy/Resources/Chemical-Industry-Methodology-for-Portfolio-Sustainability-Assessments
https://corporate.evonik.com/en/investor-relations/reports

A++ (LEADER)

C- (TRANSITIONER)A++ indicates PARCs that take the lead in meeting

C- indicates PARCs that show room for improve-the standards for sustainable business defined byment in meeting the standards for sustainable

Evonik's stakeholders and our impact. PARCs inbusiness defined by Evonik's stakeholders and ourthe A++ category fully meet the requirements.

impact. They do not yet meet these requirements.

They do not show any material negative signals.

Material weak negative signals were identified,Moreover, material strong positive signals havebut no material strong negative ones, for one or

been identified in one or more signal categories.

more signal categories.

A+ (DRIVER)

C-- (CHALLENGED)

A+ indicates PARCs that are at an advanced stage

C-- indicates PARCs that do not satisfactorilyof meeting the standards for sustainable businessapply the standards for sustainable business set by

set by Evonik's stakeholders and our impact.

Evonik's stakeholders and our impact. PARCs in

PARCs in the A+ category meet almost all the

the C-- category do not meet these requirements.

requirements. They do not show any material

Moreover, they have material strong negative

negative signals. Unlike those in the A++ category,signals in one or more signal categories.

however, only material weak positive signals wereidentified for one or more signal categories.

B (PERFORMER)
B indicates PARCs with a neutral position regarding
meeting the standards for sustainable business
defined by Evonik's stakeholders and our impact.
For PARCs in this category, neither material
negative nor material positive signals have been
identified.

Defining
objectives,
scope andprocess

Defining
assessment
segments

Detectingmarket signals

Product

8

Application

1

A+

3
6

4
5

Reporting andusing results

A++

2

7
RegionCategorizing
the portfolio

B
CC--

A++

A+

B

C-

C--

2.2 CONTRIBUTION OF PARCS TO SFAS

Within the PSA, each PARC is attributed to one of the four

The contribution of the PARC (footprint as well as

SFAs. This choice is determined by which topic is mosthandprint) to the SFA is assessed in SC 5 using thematerial for the product and its application.

following KPIs:

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FIGHT CLIMATE CHANGE

DRIVE CIRCULARITY• Greenhouse gas emissions in kg CO2e

• Generated waste (kg)and avoided emissions• Resources used/saved (kg)• Recovery potential (%)• Amount of circular raw materials purchased (kg)SAFEGUARD ECOSYSTEMSENSURE HEALTH & WELLBEING• Blue water consumption (m3) and• Reduced exposure to VOC

water scarcity footprint11

or microparticulate matter• Land use (ha)• Reduced exposure to disputed chemicals• Depending on application:• Number of patients or vulnerable consumers

12- improved marine biodiversity,

reached with positive health outcomes- reduced eutrophication,- reduced acidification, etc.

Water scarcity footprint is a indicator of the water consumed weighted with a local water scarcity index i.e. an index that characterizewater stress for a specific area and time
12
Land use is selected as KPI as it is a main driver of biodiversity change. Evonik is engaged in the development of a biodiversity footprint
12
that could be used as a new KPI.
11

12

Handprint of
selected Evonik's
Next Generation
Solutions

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3
Handprintof selected Evonik’s
Next Generation Solutions(NGSs) for the four
Sustainability Focus Areas
22_

We define handprint as positive sustainability impacts that

23

Evonik products enable along the value chain comparedwith other established products and applications on themarket, especially in customer application. These products
make a relevant contribution to a direct (measurable)
improvement regarding one or more environmental and/or
social indicators. This is reflected in a strong or weak
positive rating in the PSA's SC 5 (environmental and social
performance compared to alternative solutions).
This handprint reflects the material sustainability ambitions
addressed in SC 3 that the PARC is delivering on. During
the annually conducted PSA, special attention is paid torevising the market reference as it might quickly evolve
over time or the Evonik solution might even become themarket reference itself (and would consequently have no
more handprint as defined for the SC 5).
A handprint can be assessed qualitatively or (semi-)
quantitatively. Our goal is to increase the number ofquantitative analyses, to gain deeper knowledge of our
product benefits and transparency.

The NGSs selected to calculate avoided greenhouse gas

While only a few handprint studies have been externallyemissions ‒ following the "Avoiding Greenhouse Gas

validated, most of these quantitative or semi-quantitative

Emissions" guidelines published jointly by the Worldassessments (e.g. "X% reduction of GHG") are based

Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD)

on internal knowledge and expertise as well as generaland the International Council of Chemical Associations

comparison between our products and their alternative.

(ICCA)13 ‒ have precise use phase knowledge and key
parameters and assumptions have been verified by an

For the NGSs with a handprint related to circularity andexternal auditor. As good data availability (including

health, impacts are only described qualitatively as the

beyond Evonik's company gates) allows for reasonable

metrics are still under development.

quantification, several examples presented here refer tothe automotive value chain. Moreover, strong pressure to

Nevertheless, we are currently working on the further

generate sustainability data is observed in those value

quantification of handprints for the SFAs "Drive Circularity"

chains. Insights on the solutions' benefits and theand "Safeguard Ecosystems" and our intention is to reportassociated impact assessments are described in Section 3.1.

in the future absolute avoided water (or waste) fromproducts' application alongside avoided greenhouse

Although there are no assessment rules for quantification

gas emissions.

beyond avoided greenhouse gas emissions, our intention isto describe our handprint comprehensively for impact
categories relevant to SC 5 in the PSA ‒ such as water orland savings or any other topic relevant in the context of thefour SFAs. Thus, Section 3.2 elaborates on further NGSs
and their handprint within the different SFAs.

World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) and International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA),
Avoiding Greenhouse Gas Emissions - Guidelines: Accounting for and Reporting Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Avoided along the
14
Value Chain based on Comparative Studies, Version 2, December 2017
13

14

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44.3
million metric tons CO2e
were avoided in 2022.

3.1 REDUCTION IN GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSTHROUGH APPLYING EVONIK’S NGS (AVOIDED EMISSIONS)

Evonik offers a variety of products enabling greenhouse

The avoided emissions reported here result fromgas emission reductions over the life cycle of their

applying the following six Evonik solutions:application compared to using conventional alternatives.
This section presents selected Next Generation Solutions• green tire technology,(NGSs) that enable greenhouse gas emissions savings.

• amino acids in animal feed,• improved hydraulic fluids,

Assessments of avoided greenhouse gas emissions of• hydrogen peroxide to propylene oxide (HPPO) process,products and their applications follow the recommenda-• POLYVEST® in green tire tread compounds andtions given in the "Avoiding Greenhouse Gas Emissions"• fumed metal oxides in lithiumion batteries.

guidelines. The internal Evonik life cycle management teamworks in close cooperation with experts from the responsible

Within the sustainability analysis, it has been checked thatbusiness lines and performs life cycle assessments (LCAs)

the selected PARCs are rated as Next Generation Solutionsin accordance with the requirements of DIN ISO 14040 ff.

so that these products do not reveal any negative signals.

Greenhouse gas emission savings are calculated on thebasis of the life cycle emissions of applications of selected

In 2022, the use of the six selected Evonik Next Generation

Evonik products compared to conventional alternatives.

Solutions result in the avoidance of 44.3 million metric tons

Both the emission-saving product and the reference solu-

CO2e 14. These 44.3 million metric tons CO2e reflect thetion must deliver the same function to the user and betotal savings of the selected applications enabled by theused for the same application.

amounts of the six Evonik solutions sold in 2022.

Additionally, the reference solution must be available on

Each NGS provides a measurable improvement over the life

the market, interchangeable for the typical customer in thecycle and the associated Evonik products have either aselected market, and as similar as possible to the emission-

fundamental, extensive, or at least a substantial contribu-

saving product in terms of data quality, methodology, andtion to reducing greenhouse gas emissions compared toassumptions. The simplified calculation methodology as

conventional alternatives15.

mentioned in the "Avoiding Greenhouse Gas Emissions"guidelines is applied, so that identical steps and corresponding emissions over the life cycle for the reference andEvonik solution are excluded from assessments.
This approach has no impact on the final amount ofcalculated greenhouse gas emission reductions.

Avoided emissions results have been calculated using forecast sales volumes for 2022. They were verified within the scope of our auditors’
limited assurance engagement of the 2022 sustainability report.
15
The significance contribution of chemical products to value chain avoided emissions is described in the WBCSD "Avoided Emissions" Guideline.
1414

GREEN TIRE TECHNOLOGY

The rubber compounds in tires have a major impact
on the characteristics of the tire performance.
Organic and inorganic components determine theperformance of the tread compound that is in contact
with the road surface.
Such treads typically contain about 35% reinforcing filler,
which is a key ingredient in the rubber compoundto reach the desired properties. Instead of carbon black,silica can be used as filler. Bifunctional organic siliconcompounds – called organosilanes – serve as coupling
agents that connect silica and rubber.
In contrast to conventional carbon black as filler, the use of
the silica/silane system allows an expansion of the "magic
triangle" of tire performance (see Figure 1).
Rolling resistance and wet traction are improved without
significantly affecting abrasion and therefore the service
life of the tire. These improvements result in significantly
lower fuel consumption for end users and therefore in
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Evonik's silica/silane system for Green Tires is a Next

reduced greenhouse gas emissions.

Generation Solution. Compared to conventional car tires
using carbon black as filler, the use of the silica/silane

Carbon black filled tires still dominate the global market.

system and a certain polymer blend (solution styrene

As the Green Tire technology has penetrated the

butadiene rubber (S-SBR) and butadiene rubber (BR)) –European and parts of the Asian (Japan and South Korea)

known as Green Tire technology – can achieve significant

market, the advantage is only claimed for the rest of thefuel savings and improved wet grip without impacting

world where carbon black tires still prevail.

abrasion resistance (see Figure 1).

Figure 1
The expanded "Magic Triangle" and impact on fuel consumption reveal the Green Tire technology's benefit

Rolling resistance

Silica-silane system
Standard carbon black
With conventional tires

Fuel consumption

Braking distance on
wet surface at 80 km/h

With “green” tires

Fuel savingsof 5%Braking distance
reduced by 18 meters

Abrasion resistance

Wet traction

Next Generation Solution

Silica-silane systems in a specific rubber blend (S-SBR, BR) as a tread component in region
Americas/East Europe & Turkey/ Asia without Japan & South Korea for the Green Tire technology.

Reference solution(s)Carbon black tire: Carbon black as filler material and emulsion styrene butadiene rubber (E-SBR)
as tread component.

Functional unit

The use of silica-silane and rubber compound (S-SBR, BR) or carbon black and E-SBR as components
in a compact car tire over 150,000 km.

Boundaries

Cradle-to-grave. Life cycle steps considered in calculations are shown in Figure 2.

Main parameters
and assumptions

The respectively required volumes of tread components for the distance of 150,000 km have been determined.
A passenger car EURO 6 with its corresponding fuel consumption was assumed. Same type of vehicle and tires
in each region. Field test data and statistics on fuel consumption and savings were considered.

Background informationon the assessment

The life cycle assessment was completed and certified in 2015. In 2022 the LCA for the Silica production
was updated using 2021 production data. With the recent update, the differentiation and regionalization between
different Silica grades was increased. Each Silica grade which is used for the Green Tire technology
is now covered by a site/region specific LCA. This means that we now use several different Silica LCAs dependingon the region where the Green Tires compete against the carbon black tires and the grades which
are typically used in the region. The global amount sold of the corresponding Evonik solutions in 2022
(Q1-Q3 and forecast Q4) was used to calculate the total savings.

Figure 2
Overview of life cycle steps considered in the comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emission reductions through the use of the Green Tire technology

Upstream

Gate-to-Gate

Downstream

Raw materials

Evonik solution

Utilities

Other
reinforcing
parts, etc.

Polymer

Raw materials

Additives

Reference solution

Utilities

Utilities

Rest of car
production

Rest of car
end-of-life

Tire production

Silica/silane
production

Out of scope(emissions identical in Evonik solution
and reference solution)

Compact
car usephase

Tire tread
production

Tire tread
end-of-life

Non-valuable output

Non-valuable output

Non-valuable output

Utilities

Utilities

Utilities

Rest of car
production

Rest of car
end-of-life

Otherreinforcing
parts, etc.
Conventional
material
production

Tire production

Polymer
Additives

Non-valuable output

Tire tread
production

Non-valuable output

Compact
car usephase

Tire tread
end-of-life

Non-valuable output

AMINO ACIDS IN ANIMAL FEED

Animal feed is specifically formulated to meet the physio-

Potentially, higher feed conversion rates can even allow for

logical and nutritional needs of animals, and in particularan absolute reduction in feed demand. Furthermore, feed

the necessary requirements of essential amino acids. A lack

supplementation with these essential amino acids reducesof certain amino acids in animal feed can be compensatedthe crude protein content of the diet. Hence nitrogen emis-

either by adding a higher percentage of protein-rich feed

sions such as ammonia and laughing gas resulting from thecomponents such as oil seed, or by fortifying the feed withmanure management are diminished.

essential amino acids. Supplementing animal feed withessential amino acids allows for the substitution of highprotein ingredients which are associated with highemissions and requirements on land and water resources.

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Next Generation Solution

Feed mix with a balanced amino acid profile based on Evonik recommendations (including MetAMINO®, Biolys®,
ThreAMINO®, TrypAMINO®, and ValAMINO®), representing "best practice" for diets with low protein levels.
In South America, North Asia, and South Asia the application of these amino acids for all pig, broiler and layers has been
rated as Next Generation Solution. In Europe and North America only the application in layers diets has been classified asa Next Generation Solution, therefore, application in pig and broiler diets have been excluded from the calculation.

Reference solution(s)Feed mix with an amino acid supplementation customary in the respective regional market.
Such a feed mix usually contains less, and different, amino acid supplementation.

Functional unit

The functional unit and the reference flow have been defined as one ton of live weight or, in the case of feedinglaying hens, one ton of eggs.

Boundaries

Cradle-to-grave
Life cycle steps considered in calculations are shown in Figure 3.

Main parameters
and assumptions

The composition of the feed mixes and the animals’ nutritional demands per functional unit relate to 2019. Feedingof pigs, broilers and laying hens has been covered in the study. The composition of the feed mixes,
the animals' nutritional demand and (as far as possible concerning data availability) the regional origin of feedmaterials has been adapted to the regions Europe, North America, South America, North Asia and South Asia,
respectively. As a conservative assumption, an identical feed conversion rate between the Evonik solution andreference solution (per region) has been considered.

Background informationon the assessment

The global forecasted sales volumes for amino acids supplied by Evonik to the feed industry in 2022 have been used
to calculate total savings (excluding sales to the pig and broiler industry in Europe and North America). Regionalsales volumes have been aligned with the respective regional emission avoidance. The considered amino acids are:
MetAMINO®, Biolys®, ThreAMINO®, TrypAMINO®, and ValAMINO®.

Figure 3
Overview of life cycle steps considered in the comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emission reductions through the use of amino acids in animal feed

Raw materials
Raw materials

Reference solution

Evonik solution

Upstream

Gate-to-Gate

Downstream

Out of scope(emissions identical in Evonik solution
and reference solution)

Utilities

Utilities

Utilities

Utilities

Amino acidproduction

Feed production

Animal feeding(use phase)

Manuremanagement(end-of-life)

Other
raw materials

Non-valuable output

Non-valuable output

Utilities

Utilities

Utilities

Utilities

Amino acidproduction

Feed production

Animal feeding(use phase)

Manuremanagement(end-of-life)

Other
raw materials

Non-valuable output

Non-valuable output

Non-valuable output

Non-valuable output

IMPROVED HYDRAULIC FLUIDS

In hydraulic construction equipment, fluid viscosity must be

The stable viscosity over a broad temperature range allows

high enough to protect the moving parts and to guarantee

the use of one ISO grade lower than the monograde

high pump efficiency over extended oil drain intervals.

recommended by the oil manufacturer. This reduces

However, as fluid moves dynamically through the system,hydromechanical losses in the entire system and the higher

it heats up under demanding conditions and viscosity of theviscosity index avoids internal leakage at the pump.

oil drops down resulting in volumetric losses in the pump.

Depending on the specific situation, energy savings of up
to 15% have been measured. Based on years of intensive

Hydraulic fluids formulated with DYNAVIS® technology

R&D and meticulously designed field test trials, hydraulicsave energy in almost all hydraulic applications. The foun-equipment operating with fluids formulated withdation of DYNAVIS® technology are the highly shear stable

DYNAVIS® technology have credibly demonstrated theirviscosity index improvers from Evonik that go by thepotential to achieve more hydraulic power under full load

tradename VISCOPLEX®. Increasing the shear stability andconditions, lower fuel consumption, faster response toviscosity index of a hydraulic fluid balances volumetric with

operator control and reduced peak temperatures due tomechanical efficiencies and expands the temperature

higher system efficiency.

operating window for hydraulic systems.

30

_

31

Next Generation Solution

DYNAVIS® technology in hydraulic fluids of hydraulic construction machinery globally.

Reference solution(s)Conventional hydraulic oils without DYNAVIS® technology (monograde).

Functional unit

Operation of a hydraulic construction machine moving 1 million metric tons of mass over a defined distance.

Boundaries

Cradle-to-grave
Life cycle steps considered in calculations are shown in Figure 4. Identical emissions for the Evonik and thereference solution that are e.g. caused during the production of excavators are not considered.

Main parameters
and assumptions

All hydraulic fluids have been used in field tests in a mid-sized excavator.
While the oil drain interval of the monograde fluid is 2,000 hours, the other three fluids need to be changed after
4,500 hours. Furthermore, fuel consumption decreases by 5% to 15%.

Background informationon the assessment

The model is mainly based on data from Europe. The reference year is 2021. Savings refer to the global use of
DYNAVIS® technology. The global amount sold of the corresponding Evonik oil additives to the hydraulic oil
industry in 2022 (Q1 - Q3 and forecast Q4) has been used to calculate the total savings.

Figure 4
Overview of life cycle steps considered in the comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emission reductions through the use of improved hydraulic oils

Raw materials

Evonik solution

Upstream

Gate-to-Gate

Downstream

Utilities

Utilities

Utilities

Utilities

Oil additive
production

Hydraulic oil
production(DYNAVIS®
technology)

Use phase

End-of-life

Other
raw materials

Reference solution

Non-valuable output

Non-valuable output

Other
raw materials

Non-valuable output

Utilities

Utilities

Utilities

Hydraulic oil
production(monograde)Use phase

End-of-life

Non-valuable output

Non-valuable output

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE TO PROPYLENE OXIDE (HPPO) PROCESS

Propylene oxide (PO) is an important intermediate in

As industries around the world develop increasing sustain-

the production of polyurethane — a highly in-demand

ability ambitions, face stricter environmental regulations,chemical necessary for the foam used in everyday items

and are keener than ever on lowering their investment

like seat cushions, sport shoes, insulating materials,

costs, HPPO is becoming a highly attractive technology

and more. The problem is that conventional production

for PO production.

processes for PO tend to generate large quantities of

32

_

33

co-products and consume a great deal of resources.

Evonik and tkIS supply PO producers with the license andEvonik and thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (tkIS) haveknow-how for HPPO plants. In addition, Evonik provides

therefore developed an alternative process that is more

the necessary amounts of hydrogen peroxide through theefficient and more environmentally friendly. Known asconstruction of on-site hydrogen peroxide megaplants.

HPPO, from "hydrogen peroxide to propylene oxide,"

The titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) catalyst used for the HPPO

this technology involves the direct synthesis of PO fromprocess was also custom-made by Evonik. In addition,hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The process uses far fewer

Evonik and tkIS work together with producers on-siteresources than conventional methods, while generatingon the planning, construction, and commissioning of

only water as a co-product.

the plants.

Next Generation Solution

HPPO process for environmentally friendly propylene oxide (PO) production as raw material for different
polyurethane (PU) applications.

Reference solution(s)Conventional processes for PO production as raw material for different PU applications.

Functional unit

Production of one ton of propylene oxide (which can e.g. be processed to polyether polyols andused as PU foam in insulation materials).

Boundaries

Cradle-to-grave
Life cycle steps considered in calculations are shown in Figure 5.

Main parameters
and assumptions

The cases of South Korea and China have been analyzed separately. The propylene oxide/styrene monomer(PO/SM) and cumene (CuPO) process are considered as competitive routes in South Korea according to theirproduction shares while for China, the chlorohydrin process is considered as reference as being the dominantsolution to be substituted.

Background informationon the assessment

Comparative life cycle assessments have been performed with license agreement data and market report data in
2020. The 2022 sales volume (Q 1- Q3 and forecast Q4) of H2O2 to the HPPO production sites and corresponding
production amounts of PO have been considered for calculating total savings.

Figure 5
Overview of life cycle steps considered in the comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emission reductions through the use of the HPPO process

Raw materials

Evonik solution

Upstream

Gate-to-Gate

Downstream

Utilities

Utilities

Hydrogene
peroxide
production
Catalyst
production

Other
raw materials

Reference solution

Non-valuable output

Other
raw materials

Propylene oxide
production with
HPPO technology

Out of scope(emissions identical in Evonik solution
and reference solution)

Utilities

Use phase of
propylene oxide

End-of-life

Non-valuable output

Non-valuable output

Utilities

Utilities

Propylene oxide
production withconventional process

Non-valuable output

Use phase of
propylene oxide

End-of-life

Non-valuable output

POLYVEST® IN GREEN TIRE TREAD COMPOUNDS

34

_

35

POLYVEST® ST-E 60 is a new generation of silane

If not using POLYVEST® ST-E 60, the standard plasticizer

functional rubber additives. It is used in green tire treadin tire treads is TDAE oil. This process oil does not chemi-

compounds to improve the homogenous dispersion ofcally react with the system, leading to migration onto thesilica particles in the rubber matrix as well as to act assurface and consequently a decrease in tire performancea reactive plasticizer decreasing the viscosity of theover time. With POLYVEST® ST-E 60 the migration effectcompound. It combines the advantages of liquid rubbers

can be overcome, increasing the durability of a tire.

and functional silanes. Due to its rubber-based nature it

In combination with the silica/silane system, POLYVEST®

exhibits a natural fit and excellent compatibility with the

ST-E 60 enables further improvement of key performancerubber matrix of tire tread compounds.

indicators of green tire tread compounds such as rolling
resistance, abrasion resistance, and wet grip (see Figure 6).

As a dual functional material POLYVEST® ST-E 60 forms

This effectively leads not only to improved fuel efficiency,

strong chemical bonds with filler and matrix to create aresulting in less greenhouse gas emissions, but also tostable and long-lasting network.

enhanced driving safety.

Figure 6
The expanded "Magic Triangle" for POLYVEST® in green tire tread compounds

Rolling resistance

POLYVEST® ST-E 60
Silica-silane reference(Green tire)

Abrasion resistance

Wet gripNext Generation Solution

POLYVEST® ST-E 60 as additive for green tire treads.

Reference solution(s)Standard green tire (silica/silane system in rubber blend).

Functional unit

150,000 km driven by compact car.

Boundaries

Cradle-to-grave. Life cycle steps considered in calculations are shown in Figure 7.

Main parameters
and assumptions

Euro 6 car compact class consuming E10 fuel.
Lifetime of 50,000 km for all tire types.
Compound formulations for tire treads (expert interview).
1.5% fuel savings by POLYVEST® green tire technology (field test data).

Background informationon the assessment

The product LCAs for POLYVEST® HT and POLYVEST® ST-E 60 have been performed in 2022 with 2021
production data. Based on compound formulations from our experts, the required amount of product for the tire
treads has been determined. For tire production and end-of-life, the existing green tire model has been used.
The use phase has been modeled according to the existing model with additional data on fuel savings by
POLYVEST®. The amount sold for the tire application in 2022 (Q1 - Q3 and forecast Q4) has been used to
calculate total savings.

Figure 7
Overview of life cycle steps considered in the comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emission reductions through the use of POLYVEST®
in green tire tread compounds.

Upstream

Gate-to-Gate

Raw materials

Evonik solution

Utilities

POLYVEST®
production

Utilities

Raw materials

Downstream

Utilities

Utilities

Polymer

Polymer

Additives

Ohter parts

E10 fuel

Silica/silane
production

Non-valuable output

Reference solution

Out of scope(emissions identical in Evonik solution
and reference solution)

Silica/silane
production

Non-valuable output

Utilities

Car
End-of-life
Tire tread
production

Tire
production

Car
production

Non-valuable output

Utilities
Polymer

PolymerOhter parts

Tire tread
production

Tire
production

Non-valuable output

Tire
End-of-life

Non-valuable output

Utilities

AdditivesCar
use phase

E10 fuelCar
productionCar
use phase

Utilities

Car
End-of-life
Tire
End-of-life

Non-valuable output

FUMED METAL OXIDES IN LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES

36

_

37

The global shift to electric mobility is key to reducing

With longer lasting Li-ion batteries, fewer newly produced

greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution from roadbatteries are required to meet market demand.

traffic. Batteries that are powerful yet safe, with quicker
charging times and extended driving ranges, are essential

The production of Li-ion batteries itself is very energy

for the acceptance of electric vehicles. However, their highintensive and causes a lot of greenhouse gas emissions asenergy density puts increased strain on the battery materials

well as the raw material production and supply.

and demands better technology development.
By increasing the battery lifetime and consequently
High-quality metal oxides from Evonik are used as

reducing battery production, the Evonik solution avoids

additives in Li-ion batteries (LIB) to increase their perfor-

the emission of greenhouse gas.

mance, service life ,and safety. AEROXIDE® fumed alumina
and fumed titania are produced by flame hydrolysis andApplications of AEROXIDE® in Li-ion batteries:

consist of nanostructured aggregates with mean aggregate
sizes of approx. 100 nm. The white powder provides a• Protective dry coating for cathode materials

very narrow particle size distribution and exhibits high• High performance LIB separator coatingchemical purity. As dry coating on the surface of cathode• Nanostructured ceramic fillers inside separatorsmaterials AEROXIDE® acts as a defined cathode electrolyte• Additive for electrolyte immobilizationinterface (CEI). It prevents undesired reactions and makes
batteries last longer. This increases the service life of a
Li-ion battery significantly by about 50%.

(gel polymer type)Next Generation Solution

AEROXIDE® fumed metal oxides increase the performance, service life and safety of batteries.

Reference solution(s)No use.

Functional unit

Electric vehicle Li-ion battery with a capacity of 100 kWh.

Boundaries

Cradle-to-grave
Life cycle steps considered in calculations are shown in Figure 8.

Main parameters
and assumptions

Literature value for greenhouse gas emissions of battery production has been used.
A battery capacity of 100 kWh has been assumed.
The Evonik solution increases the battery lifetime by 50%.

Background informationon the assessment

The underlying life cycle assessments of the Evonik products have been conducted in 2022 and are basedon production data from 2021. The LCA covers the global production of fumed metal oxides with separate
LCAs for each production site.
The global amount sold of the corresponding Evonik solutions in 2022 (Q1 - Q3 and forecast Q4) has beenused to calculate total savings.

Figure 8
Overview of life cycle steps considered in the comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emission reductions through the use of AEROXIDE® fumed metal in batteries.

Upstream

Gate-to-gate

Downstream

Utilities

Other
raw materials

Raw materials

Evonik solution

Utilities

AEROXIDE®
(Metal oxiders)

Other
raw materials

Non-valuable output

Reference solution

Out of scope(emissions identical in Evonik solution
and reference solution)

Li-ionbattery

Utilities

Use phase
Li-ionbattery

End of life
Li-ionbattery

Non-valuable output

Non-valuable output

Utilities

Utilities

Li-ionbattery

Non-valuable output

Use phase
Li-ionbattery

End of life
Li-ionbattery

Non-valuable output

Further
Next Generation
SolutionsFIGHT
CLIMATE CHANGE

38

_

39

This section gives a few
examples of NGSs anddescribes their contribution
to one of the four SFAs
qualitatively or quantitatively
as well as their handprint.

ENSUREHEALTH & WELLBEING

DRIVECIRCULARITY

SAFEGUARDECOSYSTEMSINSULATION SPRAY FOAM

Heating is the biggest energy guzzler in residential build-

GHG emissions, the Evonik additives used in 4th generation

ings and is responsible for 60% of greenhouse gas emis-

blowing agents increase the longevity of buildings andsions. Improved insulation is key for CO2 reduction. Sprayconsequently lower resource consumption. This handprint

foam allows efficient insulation of buildings as it fills any

has been validated by an LCA, performed by our in-house

shape and penetrates even narrow gaps. In the USA, sprayexperts for a functional unit of one m2 of an outer wall forfoam is well established with an overall greenhouse gasa house in Minnesota.

saving potential of around 180 million tons. To produce
spray foam, blowing agents are needed. Third generation

It has been calculated that between 10 and 14% green-

blowing agents exhibit high global warming potential.

house gas emissions savings can be realized by using spray

Evonik additives (silicone and non-silicone) support thefoam with 4th generation blowing agents instead of glass

introduction of 4 generation blowing agents with a much-wool insulation. Savings depend on duration of use phase,

reduced carbon footprint, while maintaining the optimum

as spray foam has initially slightly higher emissions during

insulating performance of spray foam.

construction but is more effective as insulation (i.e. usethphase). Additionally, spray foam fills other gaps resulting in

40_

In the PSA, the related PARCs "insulation foam silicone"

air sealing of the building, which is not included in the cal-and "insulation foam non-silicone" are rated as NGSs. They

culations: Air filtration might cause up to 40% energy loss

fully address stakeholders' ambitions (SC 3) in the building

in buildings16 (which would result in a greenhouse gas sav-

value chain regarding reducing GHG emissions from build-ings increase of up to 36% over a 40-year life-time).

ings, better insulation properties, reduced VOC emissions

Current limitations of the LCA are that results are region-and building steadfastness. This results in a positive en-ally and use-phase dependent (greenhouse gas savings

vironmental impact when Evonik additives are used overincrease with cooler climate and longer use phases) andmarket standard (mineral wool or wood fibers). Indeed,

being only applicable for closed cell spray foam.

besides lower energy building consumption and lower

41

Comparison of greenhouse gas emissionsof glass wool insulation versus
closed cell spray foam for 20 and 40 years lifetime
kg CO2e per m2 insulation
20 years

350

40 years
‒ 14%

300
255

250

150

220

‒ 10%

200
148

133

100
50
0

Glass wool
insulation

Closed cell
spray foam

Glass wool
insulation

Closed cell
spray foamConstruction
Use phase
End-of-life

16

https://www.whysprayfoam.org/benefits-of-spray-foam/efficiency

HYDRAULIC FLUIDS FOR STATIONARY EQUIPMENT

In hydraulic manufacturing systems, the operating

In the PSA, this product application has been considered

conditions can vary from highly dynamic to less dynamic

within the PARC "Viscosity modifiers for hydraulic fluids inflow patterns of the hydraulic fluid. In all cases the fluid

manufacturing" and rated as an NGS because it positively

needs to protect the equipment from wear and corrosion

addresses stakeholders' ambitions (SC 3) regarding

and to efficiently transmit power.

productivity and energy efficiency. It also has a positiveenvironmental impact (SC 5) compared to conventional

The right viscosity of oil under operating conditions inhydraulic oils without DYNAVIS® technology (i.e. mono-

hydraulic pumps, motors, and actuators is crucial for highgrade). Intensive R&D and numerous field trials haveequipment efficiency. Hydraulic fluids formulated withproven that DYNAVIS® technology allows manufacturing

DYNAVIS® technology are based on highly shear stablesystems to work up to ten% more efficiently. For example,

viscosity index improvers VISCOPLEX® from EVONIK,

plastic injection molding equipment benefits with two tothat allow fluids to maintain the desired viscosity undersix% reduced energy consumption in the hydraulic systemshear and over an extended temperature operating

and overall lower GHG emissions. The handprint has been

window. This technology results in more powerfulquantified through an LCA conducted by our in-housemachinery with reduced internal leakage, less hydro-

experts from the LCM group. Using a

dynamic friction and reduced cooling demand. Lower

better oil, based on DYNAVIS® technology at the next

oil peak temperatures potentially enable longer oilscheduled maintenance, is an easy option for reducing

drain intervals.

energy demand in any hydraulic manufacturing plant.

TEGO® CORROSION PROTECTION

The product TEGO® Cure 100 is a reactive ambient-curingsiloxane resin, pre-catalyzed with amines, for use as ahardener. It is suitable for all kinds of compatible silicone
and silicone hybrid resins. This product is allocated to the
PARC "Tego corrosion protection – low VOC" and is rated
as an NGS.

Comparison of greenhouse gas emissions ofoven-cured reference systemversus a formulation cured with TEGO® Cure 100
kg CO2e per m2 formulation, relative scale
100%
90%

State-of-the art technologies in the area of high temperature resistant coatings are solvent-bone silicone resin
coatings, which need to be cured in the oven at hightemperatures, e.g. 250°C for 30 minutes. The curing step
substrate for high temperature coatings also have to be

40%
30%
20%

intensive curing step, as coatings based on TEGO®

10%

Cure 100 as hardener cure at room temperature. Thus,

0%

TEGO® Cure 100 contributes to the SFA "Fight Climate
Change". It addresses positively stakeholders' ambitions(SC 3) regarding reduced energy consumption and has asignificant positive environmental impact in comparison
to the market reference (SC 5).

43

The handprint is quantified via an LCA which has been
conducted by our in-house experts from the LCM group.
The functional unit is one m2 coated surface and systemboundary is cradle-to-application. The handprint isquantified in CO2e of the Evonik solution compared tothe market reference, which is an oven-cured silicone resin
coating. Compared to the benchmark it is possible toachieve savings of up to 70% in greenhouse gas emissions
compared to the market reference, driven by avoiding
oven curing step.

‒70%

60%
50%

By using TEGO® Cure 100, it is possible to avoid energy_

70%

is very ineffective, as high quantities of steel as the mainheated up.

42

80%

Oven-cured
reference system

Formulation cured
with TEGO® Cure 100

Handprint
DryingOthers (Application, Transport, Production)
Raw materials

SILICA IN FOOD AND FEED APPLICATIONSSilica in food and feed applications is used to improve theproduction of powdered foods and feeds. These silica

Comparison of greenhouse gas emissionsof milk powder produced without the useof processing aid (Reference system)
versus milk powder produced withsilica processing aid (Evonik system)
kg CO2e per kg milk powder, relative scale

products are part of the PARCs "silica in food" and "silica
in feed" and those are rated as NGSs.
Caking can be a cause of food and feed losses when processing and storing powdered foods such as milk powders,
non-dairy creamers, spices and seasoning blends or feed
products (e.g. milk replacers, hydrolyzed proteins, miner-

100 %als/vitamins). When spray-drying dairy products, for

80 %example, about 10 to 25% of the raw material can be lost.

70 %Caking, clumping and stickiness also affect the quality ofingredients and impede their processing. Moreover, wall
deposit in a spray dryer may present a safety issue as it

60 %
50 %

could oxidize or even combust. Silica for food production

40 %(i.e. AEROSIL® fumed silica, SIPERNAT® and ZEOFREE®

30 %specialty silica from Evonik) contribute to the efficient
processing of food powders because they reduce caking
in spray dryers and prevent clogging of pipes. The main
benefit is that less of the valuable raw material is lost as
production waste. Through improving the efficiency andoutput of food and feed processing, Greenhouse gas
emissions are avoided.
Thus, silica in food and feed applications contributes to the
SFA "Fight Climate Change".
It addresses positively stakeholders' ambitions (SC 3)
regarding reduced energy consumption and has a significant positive environmental impact in comparison to themarket reference (SC 5). The handprint is quantified
through an LCA conducted by our in-house experts fromthe LCM group. The functional unit is one kg of milk
powder and the system boundary is cradle-to-application.
The handprint is quantified in CO2e of the Evonik solution
compared to the reference which is the production of milk
powder without silica processing aid. Compared to thismarket reference, it is possible to achieve savings of 9%
in greenhouse gas emissions, driven by the avoided
product losses during processing. Only very small amountsof silica are required to achieve significant improvement.

‒9%

90 %

20 %
10 %
0%

Reference system
Handprint
Reference system
Evonik system

Evonik system

LINERLESS RELEASE COATINGIn recent years, interest in linerless labels has increased

incineration, further adding to the waste problem.

enormously. Here, the labels no longer stick to a release

Linerless labels clearly play a key role in a more circularliner, but are wound directly into a roll, like adhesive tape.

economy. When using linerless labels, the converter as

A silicone-based release coating ensures that the individual

well as the user do not generate wastes anymore, that theywindings separate cleanly, quickly and without any residue

would need to take care of in terms of collecting andbefore further processing or labelling. The very robust freedisposing or sometimes even paying fees.

radical curing mechanism of TEGO® RC silicones can be
key to linerless label application on a wide variety of paper

The handprint has been quantified by a cradle-to-grave

and filmic surfaces.

LCA, performed by our in-house experts for a functional
unit of 1,000m2 label. The potential for avoiding waste

Thus, linerless labels are already being used effectively inhas also been translated into greenhouse gas emissions

numerous applications, from health and beauty, food, andavoided along the life cycle: Around 67.2 kg of CO2e canbeverage to postage and logistics. Linerless labels are

be saved compared to a standard label, which equates toespecially suitable for use as thermal labels for variablea saving of 41%.

print information. Likewise, prime labels can also be
produced. Wrap-around labels in particular are rapidly
growing in food packaging.
In the self-adhesive label market, the PARC
"linerless release coating" is rated as an NGS as it fully
addresses stakeholders' ambitions regarding reduced
44

_

45

energy and material consumption as well as waste

Comparison of greenhouse gas emissions over the lifetime of a standard label versus a linerless label
kg CO2e per 1,000 m2 label, relative scale
260
240

production (SC 3) and has clear environmental benefit

220

compared to conventional self-adhesive labels. Indeed,

200

linerless labels offer clear advantages for the labelling

180

process (more efficient and flexible) and produce lesswaste and a greenhouse gas reduction in production,
logistics and disposal. With conventional self-adhesive

140

labels, the liner accounts for up to 40% of the weight and120

is therefore also a major driver in the overall cost of100

materials. After the labelling process, the liner justbecomes very expensive waste. With our solution, 29

80billion m2 of release liner waste could be avoided

60

worldwide. Although in the EU about

40

35% of the total waste of release liner material is fed back20

into recycling processes, a large part of high-quality andcostly cellulose paper still ends up in landfills or

‒41%

160

0
-20
-40
-60
-80

Paper liner

Utilities and Transport
Materials
Waste incineration

Linerless label

EVONIK’S EXCEL® REJUVENATION

Evonik's Excel® rejuvenation process is a step beyond

by our in-house experts and comparing the rejuvenating

regeneration. It offers a means for restoring spent catalyst

technology with current market reference (i.e. virginand gives refiners an excellent alternative to fresh catalyst

catalyst). The functional unit is 1 kg of rejuvenated catalyst,

in a wide range of hydrotreating applications from naphthafunctionally equivalent to virgin catalyst. The analyze

to heavy gas oil.

shows that the Evonik technology enables a reduction ofgreenhouse gas emissions and wastes by about 60% thanks

Prior the rejuvenation step, the spent catalyst is regener-

to the rejuvenation technology.

ated under oxidative atmosphere to remove both coke andsulfur. Then a chemical treatment is carried out to remove
activity inhibitors, redisperse metals and restore active sites
for maximum activity.
The Excel® technology rejuvenates catalysts and consequently helps avoiding wastes and reducing the CO2

Comparison of greenhouse gas emissions of freshhydrotreating catalyst versus Excel® rejuvenated catalyst
kg CO2e per kg catalyst
10,0
9,0

emissions compared to a fresh catalyst production forrefiners (lower use of virgin raw materials and lower

8,0energy consumption for processing). Thus, it makes an

7,0

active contribution to circular economy by maximizing

6,0

catalyst reuse & minimizing catalysts wastes.

_

47

In the PSA, the PARC "Hydrotreating regeneration/

4,0

rejuvenation" is rated as an NGS as it addresses stake-

3,0

holders' ambitions (SC 3) regarding the commitments in

2,0

greenhouse gases emissions and wastes reductions.

1,0
0,0

Indeed, clear commitments have recently been forthcoming from our refining customers regarding reductionsin Scope 1 and 2 emissions, sometimes including Scope 3
emissions and waste reduction initiatives. The environ-

Fresh hydrotreating
catalyst

Excel® rejuvenatedcatalyst

Raw materials
Electricity

Thermal energy
Fluegas related

mental advantage of the Excel® technology (SC 5) has
been confirmed by a cradle-to-gate LCA, performed

Active Sites

Agglomerates

Agglomerates

Coke, Sulfur
Regeneration

46

‒60%

5,0

SupportFresh catalyst
Hydrotreating
reactions

Spent catalyst
Mildregeneration

Regenerated catalyst
Catalyst activity
65 - 85%

Raw material

Hydrotreating
catalyst
manufacturing

Recycling

Hydrotreating
unit

Fines/Shorts

Excel®
rejuvenation

End of cycle

Metal redispersion

Active sites

Excel® rejuvenation

Complexation

Impregnation
Proprietary organic
molecules

Drying
Active sites
restored

Excel® rejuvenatedCatalyst activity>95% (=fresh level)

AMINO ACIDS SUPPLEMENTS FOR ANIMAL FEED

48

_

49

In the Animal nutrition business line, several PARCs

Feed supplements enable a reduction of the amount of

have been created in relation to feed additives (e.g.

feed needed to supply the essential nutrients that animal

MetAMINO, Biolys, ThreAMINO, etc.) depending on therequire and consequently a reduction in land, fertilizer andtype of animal fed (poultry, swine) and the farming region.

freshwater use to produce animals. They also reduce the

The PARCs relating to amino acids for broilers and pigs inamount of nitrogen excreted by the animals in manure,emerging and developing countries as well as the PARCs

which helps reduce harmful nutrient pollution.

relating to layers have been rated as NGSs and have apositive score in SC 3 and 5 because of their addressed

This handprint has been validated by a life cycle assessment

ambition to make agriculture more efficient by producing

and certified by TÜV Rheinland. The functional unit is one

more with fewer resources and because of their positive

ton animal live weight. For example, compared to theenvironmental impact.

industry standard diet, the use of Evonik-recommended
amino acid supplementation in layer hen feed can reduce

Amino acids supplements used in animal feed havethe eutrophication potential of egg production in Europe

already been described in the Section 3.1.2 regardingby 12% and in China by 19%.

their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions inlivestock production. Additionally, an important material
topic for the agriculture value chain is the protection of
the ecosystems.

VERAMARIS ALGAE OIL

Veramaris was launched in 2018 as an equal joint venture

To quantify the handprint of the Veramaris algae oil, aof DSM and Evonik and offers a solution for the reliable

LCA study17 has been conducted for salmon farming (theand sustainable supply of omega-3, produced from naturalfunctional unit being one ton salmon live-weight) and new

marine algae on an industrial scale and via a fermentation

impact categories relevant to marine environment haveprocess.

been developed together with a leading international
research institute. One of these new metrics is the primary

In aquaculture, omega-3 must be added to feed while wild

production of photosynthetic carbon (PPR) which reflects

fish obtain their omega-3 from the natural food chain. Until

the disturbance of ecosystem flows when fish is used asrecently, fish oil and fish meal from wild fish stocks werefeed in the form of fish oil and meal. The LCA study andthe sole source of omega-3 fatty acids. However, these fish

the new metrics have been validated by third-party review-stocks are often overfished. Veramaris algae oil enables

ers. The study shows that when replacing fish oil in the

independence from marine resources, consequently

salmon diet with Veramaris algae oil, the PPR can be

reducing the pressure on marine ecosystems. The PARC

reduced by 45%.

relating to Veramaris has been rated as an NGS as it
addresses positively stakeholders' ambitions in the aqua-

Moreover, it has been determined that 1 ton of Veramaris

culture value chain (SC 3) regarding the reduction of thealgal oil yields the same amount of omega-3 fatty acids asamount of unsustainable fish oil used in farmed fish and

60 ton of forage fish.

thus has a positive environmental impact on marine
biodiversity.

17

Veramaris (2016): Comparative Life cycle assessment of Algal Oil containing EPA/DHA as feed ingredient for salmon aquaculture, (2016)

VECOLLAN® ‒EVONIK’S NON-ANIMAL-DERIVED COLLAGENFOR MEDICAL DEVICE APPLICATIONS

50

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51

Collagen is a protein found in bones, muscles, skin, andVecollan® is compatible with other cross-linking tech-

tendons. It forms a scaffold to provide strength and struc-nologies such as 3D-scaffolds, and injectable andture. Evonik has developed Vecollan®, a highly pure andbio-responsive hydrogels. No ecotoxicity, immunotoxicity

soluble collagen that is produced via fermentation-basedand cytotoxicity products are used in the manufacturing

processes without the need for animal-derived materials.

of Vecollan®.

This advanced recombinant collagen platform leverages
Evonik's biotechnology platform using raw materials andIn terms of health and wellbeing, there are numerous

products that are 100% biodegradable. In the PSA, thissocietal benefits of non-animal-derived collagen. These

product is considered in the PARC "Biomaterials collagen",include reduced allergic reactions due to non-immunogenic

is rated as an NGS for several reasons and contributes

and low inflammatory responses, reduced rejection of

directly to the "Ensure Health & Wellbeing" focus area.

medical devices by the body thanks to high biocompatibility, increased patient safety, and improved product

Conventionally, collagen used in life sciences and pharma-

efficacy. Vecollan® is also highly soluble, which makes it

ceutical applications is animal-derived from young cattle.

suitable for use in new biomedical solutions in surgery and

In addition to the high environmental impact of cattle

tissue regeneration. Finally, Vecollan® is suitable for

production, this collagen is associated with batch-to-batch

patients who for religious or ethical reasons do not con-variability, potential transmission of diseases or pathogens,sume animal-based medications.

adverse immunogenic or allergic reactions, and nonsustainable sourcing methods.

Consequently, this PARC fully addresses stakeholders'ambitions in this value chain (SC 3) and has a significant

As a natureidentical material, Vecollan® is a highly puresocial benefit in comparison to animal-derived

form of collagen that is produced under precisely con-collagen (SC 5).

trolled conditions.

HEALTHCARE BIOMATERIALS FOR MEDICAL DEVICESThe RESOMER® portfolio of biodegradable materials

osteoconductive properties. These enhance the per-offers a broad range of standard, custom and specialized

formance of medical applications such as suture anchors,

products for use with medical implant devices. Ourinterference screws and dental devices for faster patient

RESOMER® polymers are designed to enhance the safety,

healing and recovery.

biocompatibility and functional performance of medical
implants across a range of application areas including

RESOMER® biodegradable polymers support the Ensureorthopedics, wound healing and cardiovascular care. In the

Health & Wellbeing focus area because they can be

PSA, they are regarded as the PARC "surgical materials"

engineered to match the specific needs of the target

that is rated as an NGS. Indeed, this PARC addresses stake-application. As a result, they have the precise strength,

holders' ambitions positively (SC 3) regarding biodegrad-elasticity, mechanical, and chemical properties needed.

ability and better patients' recovery in comparison to other

Controlled release of active pharmaceutical ingredients

metals and non-biodegradable materials and polymers usedranging from one month to more than four years can also

in the same surgical interventions.

be fine-tuned. This enables faster recovery times, as
patients’ medications do not have to be taken so frequently,

The 100% bioresorbable RESOMER® polymers are

and there is reduced risk of overdosing. Personalized

completely metabolized by the body and are available

3D-printed implants that can biodegrade over a period of

in different forms. These include filaments, powders

time also enable the body to heal naturally, ensure patientand granulates that can enable the 3D printing of high-compliance and faster recovery times. This positive healthresolution bioresorbable medical implants. Customization

outcome is addressed in SC 5 by the elimination of theoptions are available for the architecture and micro-

need, in some cases, for a second surgery and in reducing

structure to enable the polymerization of medical devices.

risks of chronic inflammation associated with permanent

For increased mechanical strength and rapid degradation,

implants.

we also manufacture RESOMER® composites with distinct

EVONIK INDUSTRIES AG
Rellinghauser Straße 1–11
45128 Essen
Germany
www.evonik.com

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This information and any recommendations, technical or otherwise, are presented in good faith and believed to becorrect as of the date prepared. Recipients of this information and recommendations must make their own determination as to its suitability for their purposes. In no event shall Evonik assume
liability for damages or losses of any
kind or nature that result from the useof or reliance upon this information andrecommendations. EVONIK EXPRESSLYDISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATIONS
AND WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND,
WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS
TO THE ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESSFOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (EVENIF EVONIK IS AWARE OF SUCH PURPOSE) WITH RESPECT TO ANYINFORMATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS PROVIDED. Reference toany trade names used by other companies is neither a recommendation nor an
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product, and does not imply that similar
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to the information and/or recommendations at any time, without prior orsubsequent notice.