Intercloud Control and Management Plane
with XMPPPeter Membrey
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Yuri Demchenko
University of Amsterdam
NetCloud2015 Workshop
UCC2015 7-10m December 2015, Cyprus

Outline• General use cases for Intercloud Architecture• Related standardisation initiatives: NIST, IETF, IEEE
• IEEE P2302 Draft Standard for Intercloud Interoperability and Federation(SIIF)• Intercloud Architectural Framework (ICA/ICAF) components––––

Multi-layer/Layered Cloud Services Model (CSM)
Intercloud Control and Management Plane (ICCMP)
Intercloud Federation Framework (ICFF)Intercloud Operations Framework (ICAF)• XMPP based services for Intercloud services/infrastructure– XMPP overview– Current results (intermediate)• Further research and standardisation contribution

NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for Intercloud

Slide_2

General use cases for Intercloud Architecture• Clouds are evolving as a common way of provisioning
infrastructure services on-demand– Intercloud is a demand for managing complexity and multi-cloud services
and applications• Intercloud Architecture Framework (ICAF) provides a framework to
support provisioning of cloud based project oriented infrastructures
on-demand and distributed virtualised applications mobility– Scientific Data e-Infrastructure for Big Data
– Enterprise/campus cloud infrastructure evolution andmigration/mobility– Infrastructure disaster recovery• Data require supporting infrastructure• ICAF intends to open Cloud market to more players and remove
so-called “cloud curtain”
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for Intercloud3

Intercloud: Related standardisation activities• NIST Cloud definition (NIST SP 800-145), and Cloud Computing
Reference Architecture (CCRA), v1.0 (NIST SP 500-292)• ITU-T Focus Group on Cloud: Technical Report (Part 1 to 7)
http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/focusgroups/cloud/Documents/FG-coud-technical-report.zip• IEEE - WGs on InterCloud issues and Cloud Profiles– IEEE ICWG/2302 WG - Intercloud WG (ICWG) Working Group
http://standards.ieee.org/develop/wg/ICWG-2302_WG.html• OGF ISOD-RG– BCP on existing on-demand network and cloud infrastructure resources
provisioning systems (including GEYSERS)• IETF Internet Drafts– Cloud Reference Framework. Internet Draft, by B. Khasnabish, J. Chu, S.
Ma, Y. Meng, N. So, P. Unbehagen, M. Morrow, M. Hasan, Y. Demchenko
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-khasnabish-cloud-reference-framework-08.txt

NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for Intercloud4

IEEE: Reference Intercloud Topology
PublicAccessPublicAccessPublicCloud

PublicCloud
Intercloud Root
PublicCloud

IntercloudExchanges

PublicAccess
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

PrivateCloud

Internal User
AccessXMPP for5IntercloudIEEE: Reference Intercloud Components(capabilities and protocols)
CS Namespace Conversational Substrate(XMPP)
 Transport/Services (WebSockets) Trust/Identity

Replication (BitTorrent) Semantic Directory(Ontology, RDF)
Intercloud RootCS Namespace Conversational Substrate(XMPP)
 Transport/Services (WebSockets) Trust/Identity

Replication (BitTorrent) Semantic Directory(Ontology, RDF)
 Auditing

CS Namespace Conversational Substrate(XMPP)
 Transport/Services (WebSockets) Trust/IdentityFederating API
 Federating Transport Federating
Implementation
IntercloudExchanges

Ongoing: IEEE P2302 Draft Standard for IntercloudInteroperability and Federation (SIIF)
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for6IntercloudIntercloudGateway

IEEE: Intercloud Root, Exchange, Catalog

Excerpt: IEEE P2302 Draft Standard for IntercloudInteroperability and Federation (SIIF)
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for Intercloud7

I-Draft “Cloud Reference Framework”(Versions 0.3-0.8)
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-khasnabish-cloud-reference-framework-08.txt
1.
2.
3.

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Cloud Services Reference Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1. HORIZONTAL LAYERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1.1. Application/Service Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1.2. Resources Control Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1.3. Resources Abstraction and Virtualization Layer . . . . 9
3.1.4. Physical Resources Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2. VERTICAL LAYERS (planes?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2.1. Cloud Management Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4. Inter-Cloud Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.1. Inter-Cloud Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.2. Intercloud Framework Components
4.3. Intercloud Control and Management Plane (ICCMP)
4.4. Intercloud Federation Framework (ICFF)
4.5. Intercloud Operation Framework (ICOF)
5. Use Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.1. Virtual Network Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.2. Telecom Network Virtualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.3. Virtual Data Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.4. GEANT Open Cloud eXchange (gOCX)
6. Security Framework for Clouds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
9. Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
12. Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for Intercloud

B. Khasnabish(ZTE USA)
J. ChuS. Ma
Y. Meng(ZTE)
N. So(Verizon)P. Unbehagen
Avaya
M. Morrow(Cisco Systems
Switzerland)
M. Hasan(Cisco Systems)
Y.Demchenko
University of
Amsterdam

Version 0.3 – 29 June 2012
Version 0.4 – 27 December 2012
Version 0.5 – 3 July 2013
Version 0.6 – 4 January 2016
Version 0.7 – 7 October 2014
Version 0.8 – 9 April 20158

Intercloud Architecture - Requirements
Intercloud Architecture (ICA) should address interoperability and integrationof different cloud service platforms provided by multiple cloud providers,
including integration with legacy campus/enterprise infrastructure• Be compatible and provide multi-layer integration of existing cloudservice models – IaaS, PaaS, SaaS and Apps clouds• Facilitate interoperable and measurable intra-provider infrastructures• Provide a framework for heterogeneous inter-cloud federation• Support/provide Intercloud Control and Management Plane functionality
for performance critical cloud services and network integration• Support intra- and inter-cloud network infrastructure provisioning with
controlled performance and QoS (as NaaS service model)• Support existing Cloud Provider operational and business models andprovide a basis for new forms of services provisioning and operation– Support provider side federation (for resources sharing) and customer/broker sidefederation for multi-provider infrastructure integration
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for Intercloud9

InterCloud Architecture components• Multi-layer Cloud Services Model (CSM)– Combines IaaS, PaaS, SaaS into multi-layer model with inter-layer interfaces– Including interfaces definition between cloud service layers and virtualisation platform• InterCloud Control and Management Plane (ICCMP)– Allows signaling, monitoring, dynamic configuration and synchronisation of the distributed
heterogeneous clouds– Including management interface from applications to network infrastructure and virtualisation
platform• InterCloud Federation Framework (ICFF)– Defines set of protocols and mechanisms to ensure heterogeneous clouds integration atservice and business level– Addresses Identity Federation, federated network access, etc.

• InterCloud Operations and Management Framework (ICOMF)– RORA model: Resource, Ownership, Role, Action•

RORA model provides basis for business processes definition, SLA and access control– Broker and federation operation– SLA Management• InterCloud Security Framework (ICSF)
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for Intercloud10

General use case for infrastructure provisioning:
Workflow => Logical (Cloud) Infrastructure (1)Enterprise/Scientific workflow
Storage
Data

SpecialProc 1
Data
Filtering

Input
Data

VisualPresent
SpecialProc 2

Instrum.
Data

Campus A

Data
Archive

Visualisation

Visualisation

CE

User
Group A

Campus B

CE

User
User
User

User
User
User
VR6

Cloud 2 PaaS

VR2

VR7
VR4

VR1

VR5

Resource/
Service
ProviderImplementing
Resource/
Enterprise/Scientific
Service
Providerworkflow or
supporting a business modelis an ultimate goal of any
infrastructure
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

User
Group B

VR3

Enterprise/Project basedIntercloud Infrastructure

Cloud 1 IaaS

CN

CN
CN

CN
CN

CN

Cloud PaaS Provider

CN
CN

CN

CN
CN

Cloud IaaS Provider

XMPP for Intercloud11

General use case for infrastructure provisioning:
Workflow => Logical (Cloud) Infrastructure (2)Enterprise/Scientific workflow
Storage
Data

SpecialProc 1
Data
Filtering

Input
Data

VisualPresent
SpecialProc 2

Instrum.
Data

Campus A

Data
Archive

Visualisation

Visualisation

CE

User
Group A

Campus B

CE

User
User
User

User
User
User
VR6

Cloud 2 PaaS

VR2

VR7
VR4

VR1

VR5

Resource/
Service
ProviderEnterprise/Scientificworkflow
Is mapped
to heterogeneous cloudinfrastructure containing
IaaS, PaaS components
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

User
Group B

VR3

Enterprise/Project basedIntercloud Infrastructure

Cloud 1 IaaS

Resource/
Service
Provider
CN

CN
CN

CN
CN

CN

Cloud PaaS Provider

CN
CN

CN

CN
CN

Cloud IaaS Provider

XMPP for Intercloud12

General use case for infrastructure provisioning:
Logical Infrastructure => Network Infrastructure (1)Resource and Cloud Provider Domains
Cloud 1 IaaS
VR3

VR1

Cloud 2 PaaS

VR5

VR7

Campus A
Infrastructure

Campus B
Infrastructure

VR2

Campus A

VR4

VR6

Cloud Carrier Network Infrastructure

Visualisation

Visualisation

CE

User
Group A

Campus B

CE

User
User
User

User
User
User
VR6

Cloud 2 PaaS

VR2

VR7
VR4

VR1

VR5

Resource/
Service
ProviderDistributed
Resource/
heterogeneous cloud
Service
Providerinfrastructure requires
separately provisioned
network infrastructure that
Can outsourced to Cloud Carrier
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

User
Group B

VR3

Enterprise/Project basedIntercloud Infrastructure

Cloud 1 IaaS

CN

CN
CN

CN
CN

CN

Cloud PaaS Provider

CN
CN

CN

CN
CN

Cloud IaaS Provider

XMPP for Intercloud13

General use case for infrastructure provisioning:
Logical Infrastructure => Network Infrastructure (2)Resource and Cloud Provider Domains
VR3

VR1

VR5

VR7

Campus A
Infrastructure

Campus B
Infrastructure

VR2

VR4

VR6

Network Provider 1

Campus A

Visualisation

Network Provider 2

Visualisation

CE

User
Group A

Campus B

CE

User
User
User

User
User
User
VR6

Cloud 2 PaaS

VR2

User
Group B

VR7
VR4

VR1

VR5

Resource/
Service
ProviderVR3Enterprise/Project basedIntercloud Infrastructure

Cloud 1 IaaS

Resource/
Service
Provider
CN

CN
CN

CN
CN

CN

… or to regular
Network Service Provider
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

Cloud PaaS Provider

CN
CN

CN

CN
CN

Cloud IaaS Provider

XMPP for Intercloud

14

ICCMP - Intercloud Control and Management Plane
IaaS Domain

Cloud Layers
Layer 7 - Applications

User
definedPlatform
andSW&Apps

InterCloud Control andManagement Plane(ICCMP)

PaaS Domain

Layer 6 – SaaS/Apps
Layer 5 - PaaS
Cloud based Platform

Layer 4 - PaaS

Layer 4 - IaaS
Cloud Infrastructure

Layer 3 - IaaS

ProviderdefinedInfrastr.
andVirt&OS
Platform

Layer 3 – Composition

Campus A

Visualisation

Providerdefined
Virt&OS
Platform

ICCMP – InterCloud Control
and management Plane

User
defined
SW&Apps

Layer 2 - Virtualisation

Visualisation

Layer 1 - Physical
HW Platform/Network

CE

User
Group A

Campus B

CE

User
User
User

User
User
User
VR6

Cloud 2 PaaS

VR2

VR7
VR4

VR1

VR5

Resource/
Service
ProviderConsistent and tight
Resource/
management ofService
Providerthe heterogeneouscloud infrastructure requires
Intercloud Control andManagement Plane (ICCMP)
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

User
Group B

VR3

Enterprise/Project basedIntercloud Infrastructure

Cloud 1 IaaS

CN

CN
CN

CN
CN

CN

Cloud PaaS Provider

CN
CN

CN

CN
CN

Cloud IaaS Provider

XMPP for Intercloud15

ICFF - Intercloud Federation Framework
Intercloud Federation
Infrastructure

IaaS Domain

PaaS Domain
Registry
Discovery

User
SW&Apps

Layer C3-IaaS

BrokerBrokerGW

GW
ProviderVirt&OS
Platform

IdP
Trust
BrokerAttribs

Visualisation

ICFF – InterCloud
Federation Framework

LayerC4-PaaS

Trust
Broker

ProviderVirt&OS
PlatformCampus A

User
SW&AppsVisualisation

Trust

CE

User
Group A

Campus B

CE

User
User
User

User
User
User
VR6

Cloud 2 PaaS

VR2

VR7
VR4

VR1

VR5

Resource/
Service
ProviderIndependently
managed cloud domains Resource/
Service
Providermay use federated
model for resources andprocesses integration andinteroperation
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

User
Group B

VR3

Enterprise/Project basedIntercloud Infrastructure

Cloud 1 IaaS

CN

CN
CN

CN
CN

CN

Cloud PaaS Provider

CN
CN

CN

CN
CN

Cloud IaaS Provider

XMPP for Intercloud16

ICOMF – Intercloud Control and Management
Framework

Storage
Data

SpecialProc 1

Data
Archive

Data
Filtering

Input
Data

Business Processes Management and Services
Operation Support• SLA Management• Business roles and Actors• Business level Service Registry and Broker• Mobility?

Intercloud Federation
Infrastructure
Registry
User
SW&AppsVisualPresent

Layer C3-IaaS

Disco-very

BrokerBrokerGW

LayerC4-PaaS

Trust
Broker

Provider Virt&OS
Platform

SpecialProc 2

Instrum.
Data

Layer 6 – SaaS/Apps
Layer 5 - PaaS
Cloud based Platform

Visualisation

Trust

Layer 2 - Virtualisation

Campus B

Visualisation

ProviderdefinedInfrastr.
andVirt&OS
Platform

Layer 3 – Composition
Providerdefined
Virt&OS
Platform

Trust
BrokerPaaS Domain

Layer 4 - PaaS

Layer 4 - IaaS
Cloud Infrastructure

Layer 3 - IaaS

CE

CE

Layer 1 - Physical
HW Platform/Network

User
User
User

User
User
User
VR6

Cloud 2 PaaS

VR2

VR7

VR5

Resource/
Service
ProviderNetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

User
Group B

VR4

VR1

Resource/
Operational andService
Providerbusiness issues are
typically addressedby Operations services anda framework

Provider Virt&OS
Platform

Userdefined
SW&Apps

Layer 7 - Applications

User
definedPlatform
andSW&AppsUser
Group A

GW

IdP
Attribs

IaaS Domain Cloud Layers

Campus A

User
SW&Apps

VR3

Enterprise/Project basedIntercloud Infrastructure

Cloud 1 IaaS

ICOF – InterCloudOperations Framework
CN

CN
CN

CN
CN

CN

Cloud PaaS Provider

CN
CN

CN

CN
CN

Cloud IaaS Provider

XMPP for Intercloud17

InterCloud Architecture components• Multi-layer Cloud Services Model (CSM)– Combines IaaS, PaaS, SaaS into multi-layer model with inter-layer interfaces– Including interfaces definition between cloud service layers and virtualisation
platform• InterCloud Control and Management Plane (ICCMP)– Allows signaling, monitoring, dynamic configuration and synchronisation of the
distributed heterogeneous clouds– Including management interface from applications to network infrastructure andvirtualisation platform• InterCloud Federation Framework (ICFF)– Defines set of protocols and mechanisms to ensure heterogeneous clouds
integration at service and business level– Addresses Identity Federation, federated network access, etc.

• InterCloud Operations Framework (ICOF)– RORA model: Resource, Ownership, Role, Action•

RORA model provides basis for business processes definition, SLA and access control– Broker and federation operation
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for Intercloud18

Multilayer Cloud Services Model (CSM)

Security InfrastructureManagement

Operations Support System

User/Client Services* Identity services (IDP)* Visualisation

User/Customer Side Functions and Resources

Administration andManagement Functions(Client)

Content/Data Services* Data * Content * Sensor * Device

1

Endpoint Functions* Service Gateway* Portal/Desktop

Access/Delivery
InfrastructureInter-cloud Functions* Registry and Discovery* Federation Infrastructure

SaaS

PaaS

PaaS-IaaS IF
PaaS-IaaS Interface

IaaS – Virtualisation Platform Interface

Cloud Management
Software(Generic Functions)

Cloud Management Platforms
OpenNebula

Virtualisation Platform

OpenStack

KVM

VM

VM

StorageResources

ComputeResources

Contrl&Mngnt Links

VPN

Other
CMS

XEN

VMwareNetwork
Virtualis

Proxy (adaptors/containers) - Component Services and Resources

NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

Layer C5
Services
Access/Delivery

Layer C4Cloud Services(Infrastructure,
Platforms,
Applications,
Software)

Cloud Services (Infrastructure, Platform, Application, Software)

IaaS

Layer C6
User/Customer
side Functions

Hardware/PhysicalResources

Network
Infrastructure

Layer C3
Virtual Resources
Composition andControl(Orchestration)

CSM layers(C6) User/Customer side
Functions(C5) Services
Access/Delivery(C4) Cloud Services(Infrastructure, Platform,
Applications)(C3) Virtual Resources
Composition andOrchestration(C2) Virtualisation Layer(C1) Hardware platform anddedicated network
infrastructure

Layer C2
Virtualisation

Layer C1
PhysicalHardwarePlatform andNetwork

Control/
Mngnt Links

Data Links

Data Links

XMPP for Intercloud

Slide_19

Intercloud Control and Management (1)IaaS Domain

Cloud Layers
Layer 7 - Applications

User
definedPlatform
andSW&Apps

InterCloud Control andManagement Plane(ICCMP)

PaaS Domain
Userdefined
SW&Apps

Layer 6 – SaaS/Apps
Layer 5 - PaaS
Cloud based Platform

Layer 4 - PaaS

Layer 4 - IaaS
Cloud Infrastructure

Layer 3 - IaaS

Layer 3 – Composition

Campus A

Providerdefined
Virt&OS
Platform

Visualisation

Layer 2 - Virtualisation

ProviderdefinedInfrastr.
andVirt&OS
Platform

Visualisation

Layer 1 - Physical
HW Platform/Network

CE

User
Group A

• Supports messages
delivery/routing, signaling,
monitoring, dynamic
configuration andsynchronisation between
the distributed
heterogeneous cloudinstances• Includes management
interfaces from upper
layers and applications to
network infrastructure andCampus B
virtualisation platform(virtualised resources
CE

User
User
User

User
User
User
Cloud 2 PaaS

VR6
VR2

User
Group B

VR7
VR4

VR1

VR5

Resource/
Service
ProviderVR3Enterprise/Project basedIntercloud Infrastructure
Cloud 1 IaaS

Resource/
Service
Provider
CN

CN
CN

CN
CN

CN

Cloud PaaS Provider

CN
CN

CN

• Layer C1 - Layer C4 interfaces
are being developed andprototyped in the framework of the
GEYSERS project (2010-2013)

CN
CN

Cloud IaaS Provider

NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for Intercloud20

Intercloud Control and Management (2)IaaS Domain

Cloud Layers

PaaS Domain

Layer 7 – Applications
User defined Applications

User defined
Platform
andSW&Apps

Layer 6 – SaaS/Apps
Cloud based Apps/Software
Layer 5 - PaaS
Cloud based Platform

Layer 4 - IaaS

Layer 4 - IaaS
Cloud Infrastructure

IaaS Mware
ProviderdefinedOS&VirtPlatform

Layer 3 - Composition
Virtual Resources Composition
Layer 2 - Virtualisation
Resources Abstraction andVirtualisation

User defined
SW&Apps

Layer 5 - PaaS

PaaS Mware

ProviderdefinedInfrastructure
andOS&VirtPlatform

Layer 1 - Physical
HW Platform/Network

InterCloud Control and Management Plane (ICCMP)
Standard Interface

NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

Non-standard/proprietary Interface

XMPP for Intercloud21

Intercloud Control and Management (3)• Allows signaling, monitoring, dynamic configuration and synchronisationof the distributed heterogeneous clouds• Including management interface from applications to network
infrastructure and virtualisation platform• Main functional components include– Cloud Resource Manager– Network Infrastructure Manager• Possible ICCMP Interfaces include
–
–
–
–
–
–

Message routing
Signaling
ControlManagement
Monitoring
Location

NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for Intercloud22

Research: Using XMPP for ICCMP• XMPP Overview• Raft protocol for consensus building in distributed
cloud based infrastructures• Works at the stage of Intercloud infrastructure
configuration

NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

XMPP for Intercloud

23

XMPP Architecture
XMPP Servers infrastructure• Similar in architecture to SMTP
XMPP Services• Presence– Could be used as a way ofshowing real time VM or
Resource status• Roster– Similar to a ‘friends list’ on mostIM networks• Notification– Unidirectional messaging
Useful for mass notification ofsystem alerts• Service discovery– Determine what features otheragents and nodes support

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XMPP for Intercloud24

ICCMP Messaging over XMPPXMPP benefits• Standard protocol• Integrate/ bridge
2 Intercloudarchitectures

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XMPP for Intercloud25

Raft Consensus Building Protocol over XMPP

•
•
•
•
•
NetCloud2015, 7 Dec 2015

Replaces complex PAXOS algorithm
Using XMPP Extension Protocol (XEP)
Primarily using delay/timeout
Use for such applications as Hadoop based
and distributed storage
Tested with 5 nodes
XMPP for Intercloud26

Current Results: Use of XMPP for ICCMF• Demonstrated that XMPP, can carry the sort of messages wewould need for Intercloud• Initial implementation for large scale data intensive
infrastructures (distributed processing)• Infrastructure deployment and dynamic self-configuration (leader
selection, consensus building)• "XEP-0362: Raft over XMPP" which is now on the XSF
standards track• HTML version is: https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0362.html

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XMPP for Intercloud27

Summary and Future works• The proposed ICAF is based on existing standards and proposes theirintegration and extension– Includes 5 components: CSM, ICCMP, ICFF, ICOMF, ICSF
• Addresses cloud services/infrastructure lifecycle management• Standardisation activity at IETF, IEEE
– Partnering and integration between two intercloud architectures: IETF
and IEEE• First XMPP implementation for distributed data processing infrastructure
deployed in cloud• Future research and development primarily focused on inter-layer andinter-cloud interfaces definition– XMPP as a candidate messaging protocol

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XMPP for Intercloud28

Questions and Discussion

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XMPP for Intercloud29