Name	  ______________________________________	  Listening	  &	  Speaking	  112LR	  Instructor:	  Matthew	  Barbee	  	  Using Reported SpeechThe use of reported speech is especially important at higher English levels.
Students, at this point, are fine-tuning their communication skills toinclude expressing the ideas of others, as well as their own opinions.
Students usually need to focus not only on the grammar involved, butalso on production skills. Reported speech includes some rather trickytransformations that need to be practiced a number of times beforestudents feel comfortable using them in every day conversations.
Aim: Developing reported speech grammar and productions skillsActivity: Introduction and written reporting activity, followed by spokenpractice in the form of a questionnaireLevel: Upper-intermediate
Outline:• Introduce/review reported speech by making simple statements andasking students to report what you have said. Make sure toemphasize reporting in the past (i.e., "the teacher said", NOT "theteacher says")• Provide review sheet of principle reported speech transitions (includedin lesson printout pages)• Have students get into pairs and convert the reported speech paragraphinto the direct speech form.
• Correct worksheet as a class.
• Ask students to divide up into new pairs and ask each other questionsfrom the questionnaire. Remind them to take notes on what theirpartners say.
• Have students divide into new pairs and ask them to report what theyhave learned about the other students to their new partner (i.e.,John said lived in Korea for two years).
• Follow-up with class conversation focusing on problematic tensetransformations.	  	  Name	  ______________________________________	  Listening	  &	  Speaking	  112LR	  Instructor:	  Matthew	  Barbee	  	  Reported SpeechStudy the following chart carefully. Notice how reported speech isone step back into the past from direct speech.

English Tenses Timeline ChartThis	  timeline	  tenses	
  chart	  provides	  a	  handy	  reference	
  sheet	  to	  English	  tenses	  and	
  their	  relationship	  to	  one	  another	
  and	  the	  past,	  present,	  and	  future.	  	  TIMELINESIMPLE ACTIVEPAST TIME^She had already eaten whenI arrived.
I bought a new car lastweek.
She has lived in California formany years.
He works five days a week.

|PAST PERFECT|PAST|PRESENT PERFECT|PRESENT|PROGRESSIVE /CONTINUOUS ACTIVEI had been waiting for fourhours when he finally arrived.
I was watching TV when she
arrived.
She has been working atJohnson's for six months.
I am working at the moment.

PRESENT MOMENTThe sun will shine tomorrow.
I will have completed thecourse by the end of nextweek.

|FUTURE SIMPLE|FUTURE PERFECT|VFUTURE TIMEShe will be teachingtomorrow at six o'clock.
She will have been workinghere for two years by theend of next month.	  	  Name	  ______________________________________	  Listening	  &	  Speaking	  112LR	  Instructor:	  Matthew	  Barbee	  	  Reporting VerbsWhen using reported speech, most students learn to use "say" and "tell":Examples:John told me he was going to stay late at work. Peter said he wanted tovisit his parents that weekend.
These forms are perfectly correct for reporting what others have said.
However, there are a number of other reporting verbs which can moreaccurately describe what someone has said. These verbs take a variety ofstructures. The following list gives you reporting verbs in variouscategories based on sentence structure. Notice that a number of verbscan take more than one form.
verbobjectinfinitiveadvise
encourageinviteremindwarn

Examples:Jackencouragedme to lookfor a newjob.
They invited
all theirfriends toattend thepresentation.

verbinfinitiveagreedecideofferpromiserefuse
threatenExamples:She offeredto give hima lift towork.
My brotherrefused totake no foran answer.

verb (that)admitagreedecidedenyexplaininsistpromise
recommendsuggest
Examples:Tom admitted(that) he hadtried to leaveearly.
She agreed(that) we
needed toreconsider ourplans.

verbgerunddeny
recommendsuggestExamples:He deniedhavinganything todo with her.
Kensuggested
studyingearly in themorning.

verb objectprepositiongerundaccuseblamecongratulateverbprepositiongerund
apologizeinsistExamples: Theyaccused the boysof cheating on theexam.

Examples: Heapologized forbeing late.

She blamed herhusband formissing the train.

She insisted ondoing thewashing up.	  	  Name	  ______________________________________	  Listening	  &	  Speaking	  112LR	  Instructor:	  Matthew	  Barbee	  	  Exercise 1: Put the following paragraph in the reported speech intoconversational form using direct speech.	  

Peter	   introduced	   me	   to	   Jack	
   who	
   said	   he	   was	   pleased	   to	  meet	
   me.	   I	   replied	
   that	   it	   was	   my	   pleasure,	
   and	   that	   I	   hoped	  Jack	   was	   enjoying	
   his	   stay	   in	   Seattle.	   He	   said	   he	   thought	  Seattle	
   was	   a	   beautiful	   city,	
   but	   that	   it	   rained	
   too	   much.	   He	  said	   that	   he	   had	   been	   staying	   at	   the	   Bayview	   Hotel	
   for	   three	  weeks,	  and	
  that	  it	  hadn't	  stopped	  raining	
  since	  he	  had	  arrived.	  
Of	  course,	  he	  said,	  this	  wouldn't	
  have	  surprised	  him	  if	  it	  hadn't	
  been	   July!	
  Peter	  replied	
  that	   he	  should	
  have	  brought	  warmer	  clothes.	  He	  then	  continued	   by	  saying	
  that	   he	   was	  going	   to	   fly	  to	  Hawaii	  the	  following	
  week,	  and	  he	  that	  he	  couldn't	
  wait	  to	  enjoy	
   some	   sunny	   weather.	
   Both	
   Jack	
   and	   I	   commented	
   that	  Peter	  was	  a	  lucky	  person	  indeed.	
  	  	  	  Name	  ______________________________________	  Listening	  &	  Speaking	  112LR	  Instructor:	  Matthew	  Barbee	  	  Exercise 2: Ask you partner the following questions making sure to takegood notes. After you have finished the questions, find a new partner andreport what you have learnt about your first partner using reported
speech.

1. What is your favorite sport and how long have you beenplaying/doing it?

2. What are your plans for your next vacation?

3. How long have you known your best friend? Can you giveme a description of him/her?

4. What kind of music do you like? Have you always listenedto that kind of music?

5. What did you use to do when you were younger that youdon't do anymore?

6. Do you have any predictions about the future?

7. Can you tell me what you do on a typical Saturdayafternoon?

8. What were you doing yesterday at this time?

9. Which two promises will you make concerning learningEnglish?