Horizon Europe 2021-2027
First look at the research opportunities
in Horizon Europe WP 2021 - 2022

Yuri Demchenko
CCI, University of Amsterdam
Presented 5 March 2021
Updated 10 May 2021
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Horizon Europe & CCI Research1Outline• European Strategy on Data
– European Data Governance – Data Governance Act – Data Altruism• Horizon Europe 2021-2027 Overview: SDG, Mission Areas, Pillars, Clusters• AI, Digitalisation and Data Governance and Management in Horizon Europe Programme– Based on WP 2021-2022 draft Annex 7. Digital, Industry and Space– Destination 3 – World Leading Data and Computing Technologies– Destination 6 – A Human-centered and Ethical Development of Digital and Industrial Technologies• Related EU initiatives and documents– European Data Spaces and Data Sharing– European Policy on Cloud Computing: Migration to cloud and cloud compliance– European Strategy on Artificial Intelligence• Summary and Discussion• Additional information– Industrial Data Spaces– IDSA Reference Architecture Model and Data Sovereignty
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A European strategy for data COM(2020) 66 final, 19.02.2020
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52020DC0066• The European data space will give businesses in the EU the possibility to build on
the scale of the Single market. Common European rules and efficient enforcement
mechanisms should ensure that:– Data can flow within the EU and across sectors;– European rules and values, in particular personal data protection, consumer protection
legislation and competition law, are fully respected;– Rules for access to and use of data are fair, practical and clear, and there are clear andtrustworthy data governance mechanisms in place;• there is an open, but assertive approach to international data flows, based on European values.

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European Data Governancehttps://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/european-data-governance• Data sharing
as a goal

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Horizon Europe & CCI Research4Regulation on European Data Governance (Data Governance Act),Nov 2020• EU/Parliament Regulation on European data governance (Data Governance Act)
SEC(2020) 405 final, Nov 2020, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52020PC0767– ‘data’ means any digital representation of acts, facts or information and any compilation of suchacts, facts or information, including in the form of sound, visual or audiovisual recording;• The regulation will also support the set-up and development of common European
data spaces in strategic domains, involving both private and public players: health,environment, energy, agriculture, mobility, finance, manufacturing, public
administration and skills.
• Facilitate Sharing and Re-use of Data
– new way of data governance will increase trust in data sharing, strengthen mechanisms toincrease data availability and overcome technical obstacles to the reuse of data.

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5European Data Governance: Goal
• Making public sector data available for re-use, in situations where suchdata is subject to rights of others.
– “Data the use of which is dependent on the rights of others” or “data subject to the rights ofothers” covers data that might be subject to data protection legislation, intellectual property, or
contain trade secrets or other commercially sensitive information.

• Sharing of data among businesses, against remuneration in any form.
• Allowing personal data to be used with the help of a ‘personal datasharing intermediary’, designed to help individuals exercise their rights
under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
• Allowing data use on altruistic grounds.

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European Data Governance – Covered Aspects• General aspects– (a) conditions for the re-use, within the Union, of certain categories of data held by public sector bodies;– (b) a notification and supervisory framework for the provision of data sharing services;– (c) a framework for voluntary registration of entities which collect and process data made available foraltruistic purposes.

• Re-use of certain categories of protected data held by public sector bodies which
are protected on grounds of:– (a) commercial confidentiality ;– (b) statistical confidentiality;– (c) protection of intellectual property rights of third parties;– (d) protection of personal data.

• Requirements to data sharing services and providers• Data Altruism and organisations
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Data Governance Act: Data Altruism Defined• ‘data altruism’ means the consent by data subjects to process personal data pertaining to them, or
permissions of other data holders to allow the use of their non-personal data without seeking a
reward, for purposes of general interest, such as scientific research purposes or improving public
services;– data voluntarily made available by individuals or companies for the common good

• European data altruism consent form should be developed and used in the context of altruistic data
sharing.
– there should be a possibility for sectoral adjustments of the European data altruism consent form

• EC regulation establishes the possibility for organisations engaging in data altruism to register as a
‘Data Altruism Organisation recognised in the EU’ in order to increase trust in their operations.
• In addition, a common European data altruism consent form will be developed to lower the costs ofcollecting consent and to facilitate portability of the data (where the data to be made available is notheld by the individual).
• Data Altruism Organisations recognised in the Union should be able to collect relevant data directlyfrom natural and legal persons or to process data collected by others. Typically, data altruism would
rely on consent of data subjects
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8Data Governance Act: Chapter IV Data Altruism
Article 15 Register of recognised data altruism organisations• (2) The Commission shall maintain a Union register of recognised data altruism organisations.
• (3) An entity registered in the register in accordance with Article 16 may refer to itself as a ‘data
altruism organisation recognised in the Union’ in its written and spoken communication.
Article 16 General requirements for registration
In order to qualify for registration, the data altruism organisation shall:• (a) be a legal entity constituted to meet objectives of general interest;• (b) operate on a not-for-profit basis and be independent from any entity that operates on a for-profit
basis;• (c) perform the activities related to data altruism take place through a legally independent structure,
separate from other activities it has undertaken.
Article 22 European data altruism consent form
• Where personal data are provided, the European data altruism consent form shall ensure that data
subjects are able to give consent to and withdraw consent from a specific data processing
operation in compliance with the requirements of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
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Horizon Europe & CCI Research9Horizon Europe Preparation and Concepts• Mission-oriented research and innovation in the European Union• Focus on UN 17 SDG discussed during preparation stage

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105 Mission areas in HE••••

Adaptation to climate change including societal transformation
CancerClimate-neutral and smart cities
Healthy oceans, seas, coastal andinland waters• Soil health and food

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11Horizon 2020 vs Horizon Europe

Recommendations interim evaluation

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Support breakthrough innovations

Launch of theEuropean Innovation Council

Create more impact through missionorientation and citizen’s involvement

5 missions in the research andinnovation area

Strengthen international cooperation

Extended association possibilities

Increase openness

Adoption of Open Science policies

Rationalise funding possibilities

3 types of partnerships formore efficiency

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12Horizon Europe Programme Structure• Health• Culture, Creativity& Inclusive
Society• Civil Security forSociety• Digital, Industry& Space• Climate, Energy &Mobility• Food,Bioeconomy,NaturalResources,
Agriculture &Environment
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Pillar 1: Excellent Science: Reinforcing and extending theexcellence of the Union's science base

European
Research
CouncilMarie
SkłodowskaCurie Actions▪ Frontier researchby the best
researchers andtheir teams▪ Equipping
researches withnew knowledge
and skills throughmobility and training

Commission proposal:€ 16.6 billion

Commission proposal:€ 6.8 billion

Research
Infrastructures▪ Integrated andinter-connectedworld-classresearch
infrastructures
Commission proposal:€ 2.4 billion

Pillar 2 – Clusters: Global Challenges & European Industrial Competitiveness
Performed under Joint Research Centre by European Research Council
Boosting key technologies and solutions underpinning EU policies & Sustainable
Development Goals
Commission proposal for budget: € 52.7 billion

Digital,Industry &
Space

Civil
Security
for Society

Culture,Creativity
andInclusive
Societies

Climate,EnergyandMobility

HealthFood,
Bioeconomy,NaturalResources,

Agriculture&
Environment• Cluster 1 - Health• Cluster 2 – Culture andCreativity• Cluster 3 – Civil Security forSociety• Cluster 4 – Digital, Industry,Space• Cluster 5 – Climate. Energy,
Mobility• Cluster 6 – Food and Natural
Resources

Pillar 3: Innovative Europe• Bringing deep tech innovation toEurope• European Innovation Council
–
–
–
–
–
–

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Yearly work programmes
Programme managers
Rebuttal
AI tool Transparency
Fast Track
Business Acceleration Services

Horizon Europe & CCI Research16Annex 7. Horizon Europe. Digital, Industry and Space.
Work Programme 2021-2022
Annex 7. Horizon Europe. Work Programme 2021-2022 - Digital, Industry and Space• DESTINATION 1 – CLIMATE NEUTRAL, CIRCULAR AND DIGITISED PRODUCTION
Call - TWIN GREEN AND DIGITAL TRANSITION 2021
• DESTINATION 2 – INCREASED AUTONOMY IN KEY STRATEGIC VALUE CHAINS FORRESILIENT INDUSTRY
Call - A DIGITISED, RESOURCE-EFFICIENT AND RESILIENT INDUSTRY 2021

• DESTINATION 3 – WORLD LEADING DATA AND COMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES 169• DESTINATION 4 – DIGITAL AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR COMPETITIVENESS AND
FIT FOR THE GREEN DEAL 187• DESTINATION 5 – OPEN STRATEGIC AUTONOMY IN DEVELOPING, DEPLOYING AND USINGGLOBAL SPACE-BASED INFRASTRUCTURES, SERVICES, APPLICATIONS AND DATA
• DESTINATION 6 – A HUMAN-CENTRED AND ETHICAL DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL AND
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DESTINATION 3 – WORLD LEADING DATA AND COMPUTINGTECHNOLOGIES – Publication 15 April 2021, Deadline 31 August 2021
DESTINATION 3 – WORLD LEADING DATA AND COMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES• Call - WORLD LEADING DATA AND COMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES 2021
• Data sharing in the common European data spaces– Technologies and solutions for compliance, privacy preservation, green and responsible data
operations (RIA)– Technologies for data management (IA)• Strengthening Europe’s data analytics capacity– Extreme data mining, aggregation and analytics technologies and solutions (RIA)• From Cloud to Edge to IoT for European Data
– Future European platforms for the Edge: Meta Operating Systems (RIA)

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DESTINATION 3 – WORLD LEADING DATA AND COMPUTINGTECHNOLOGIES – 172 Mln
DESTINATION 3 – WORLD LEADING DATA AND COMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES• Call - WORLD LEADING DATA AND COMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES 2021
• Data sharing in the common European data spaces– HORIZON-CL4-2021-DATA-01-01: Technologies and solutions for compliance, privacy
preservation, green and responsible data operations (RIA) – total 52Mln / 10Mln prj– HORIZON-CL4-2021-DATA-01-03: Technologies for data management (IA) – total 31Mln / 5Mln

• Strengthening Europe’s data analytics capacity– HORIZON-CL4-2021-DATA-01-04: Extreme data mining, aggregation and analytics technologies andsolutions (RIA) – total 30Mln / 5Mln

• From Cloud to Edge to IoT for European Data
– HORIZON-CL4-2021-DATA-01-05 Future European platforms for the Edge: Meta Operating Systems (RIA)– HORIZON-CL4-2021-DATA-01-07: Coordination and Support of the ‘Cloud-Edge-IoT’ domain (CSA)– HORIZON-CL4-2021-DATA-01-08: Roadmap for next generation computing and systems technologies(CSA)

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HORIZON-CL4-2021-DATA-01-01: Technologies and solutions for compliance, privacy
preservation, green and responsible data operations (RIA) – total 52Mln / 10Mln prj•

Activities are expected to start at TRL 2-3 and achieve TRL 4-5 by theend of the project

Expected Outcome: Project results are expected to contribute to the following expectedoutcomes:•

improve the efficiency and the use of trustworthy digital technologies to address the requirements of citizens, companies andadministrations/public organisations on privacy and commercial and administrative confidentiality as well as responsible, fair and environmentallyfriendly (e.g. in terms of energy/carbon/material footprint) data operations in data spaces, across the data life cycle.

Scope: Digital technologies, methods, architectures and processes for user-friendly, safe, trustworthy, compliant, fair, transparent, accountable andenvironmentally sustainable collection, storage, processing, querying, analytics and delivery of data.
•
The technologies shall facilitate sharing and manipulation of data in compliance with prevailing and emerging legislation (e.g. GDPR) for dataprocessors and data subjects/rightholders and other stakeholders.
•
The technologies and solutions shall enable safe and secure data handling, sharing and re-use in the context of common European data spaces
in various situations and application areas.
•
The scope also includes the combination of technological and social innovation, technologies and solutions that enable environmentally sustainable
data operations (e.g. by optimising/minimising/de-centralising processing, transfer and storage of data and avoiding unnecessary data manipulations,using energy-harvesting sensors/devices etc.),•
Technologies and solutions for ensuring human, fair and ethically sound collection, processing and manipulation of data, in line with theprinciples of responsible/trustworthy AI.
Liaisons•••

The actions under this topic shall liaise with relevant cyber-security actions under Cluster 3 (Civil Security for Society). The actions shall build on
Horizon 2020 actions on privacy-preserving technologies and liaise with appropriate actions from Horizon 2020 topic ICT-13-2018-2019 (Data
Markets), as well as with data-centric H2020 European Research Infrastructures.
They shall also liaise with the Data Spaces Support Centre (to be set up under the Digital Europe programme), in order to provide methods andsolutions for the emerging common European data spaces (to be deployed under the Digital Europe programme).
Likewise, they shall liaise with other relevant national, regional and trans-national initiatives such as Gaia-X and EOSC, especially to ensureinteroperability and reasonable re-use of common reference models, processes and building blocks for a pan-European data infrastructure.

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Horizon Europe & CCI Research20(1) HORIZON-CL4-2021-DATA-01-01: Technologies and solutions for compliance, privacy
preservation, green and responsible data operations (RIA) – total 52Mln / 10Mln prj•

Activities are expected to start at TRL 2-3 and achieve TRL 4-5 by the end of the project

Expected Outcome: Project results are expected to contribute to the following expected outcomes:•

improve the efficiency and the use of trustworthy digital technologies to address the requirements of citizens,companies and administrations/public organisations on privacy and commercial and administrative
confidentiality as well as responsible, fair and environmentally friendly (e.g. in terms of energy/carbon/material
footprint) data operations in data spaces, across the data life cycle.

Scope: Digital technologies, methods, architectures and processes for user-friendly, safe, trustworthy, compliant, fair,transparent, accountable and environmentally sustainable collection, storage, processing, querying, analytics anddelivery of data.
• The technologies shall facilitate sharing and manipulation of data in compliance with prevailing and emerging
legislation (e.g. GDPR) for data processors and data subjects/rightholders and other stakeholders.
• The technologies and solutions shall enable safe and secure data handling, sharing and re-use in the context
of common European data spaces in various situations and application areas.
• The scope also includes the combination of technological and social innovation, technologies and solutions thatenable environmentally sustainable data operations (e.g. by optimising/minimising/de-centralising processing,transfer and storage of data and avoiding unnecessary data manipulations, using energy-harvesting
sensors/devices etc.),• Technologies and solutions for ensuring human, fair and ethically sound collection, processing andmanipulation of data, in line with the principles of responsible/trustworthy AI.
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(2) HORIZON-CL4-2021-DATA-01-01: Technologies and solutions for compliance, privacy
preservation, green and responsible data operations (RIA) – total 52Mln / 10Mln prj
Liaising and coordinating•••

The actions under this topic shall liaise with relevant cyber-security actions under Cluster 3 (Civil Security
for Society). The actions shall build on Horizon 2020 actions on privacy-preserving technologies and liaise
with appropriate actions from Horizon 2020 topic ICT-13-2018-2019 (Data Markets), as well as with datacentric H2020 European Research Infrastructures.
They shall also liaise with the Data Spaces Support Centre (to be set up under the Digital Europe
programme), in order to provide methods and solutions for the emerging common European data spaces (tobe deployed under the Digital Europe programme).
Likewise, they shall liaise with other relevant national, regional and trans-national initiatives such as
Gaia-X and EOSC, especially to ensure interoperability and reasonable re-use of common reference models,
processes and building blocks for a pan-European data infrastructure.

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Bootstrapping the Proposal: How to address the Call requirementsin the Proposal• Start from mapping the project Objectives and expected outcome to the callrequirements and messages– What are conditional and what are desirable?
– Define 3-4 Objectives, not more
– Provide information where the Objectives are addressed• Use this exercise to structure WPs and invite partners
Objective

Call Requirements

Objective 1
Description

Expected Result and where it isaddressed in WP# or Task #.#R1.1 Text
R1.2 Text

Objective 2
Description
Objective 3
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HORIZON-CL4-2021-DATA-01-03: Technologies for data
management (IA) – total 31Mln / 5Mln•

Activities are expected to start at TRL 5 and achieve TRL 8 by the endof the project

Expected Outcome: Project results are expected to contribute to the following expectedoutcomes:•

provide new secure and energy-efficient data management tools improving the usability and discoverability of data in different contexts, covering
data provenance, synthetic data generation, data quality management (such as data cleaning, validation, enrichment, co-creation, identification of bias
and correlations), improving data interoperability, metadata management (automated ways of labelling and describing data, data linkage), andensuring data security, privacy and integrity, especially in the context of data spaces.

Scope: The actions under this topic are expected to provide practical, robust and scalable tools to improve the interoperability, quality, and integrity of data
and metadata, in the context of other topics of the heading “Data sharing in the common European data space”.
•

The data management tools and systems shall support a holistic approach of the data life cycle and comply with accountability, fairness andconfidentiality as well as the FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) for data and metadata management.

•

Building on results of relevant past and current initiatives, data management tools, systems and processes shall enable, support and/or automate thecreation and maintenance of common ontologies, vocabularies and data models and/or structured, standardised and automated authoring, cocreation, curation, annotation and labelling of data, in view of different lateruses (especially AI) made of the data.

•

The actions are expected to create links with relevant initiatives collecting/using heterogeneous/linguistic data, including AI initiatives (such as AI4EU,
European Language Grid, or the projects from the H2020 topic ICT-48 – AI on-demand platform), and liaise with standardization bodies.
Actions are expected to deal with gaps and needs identified in real-world data space management and real-world data heterogeneity challenges(encoding formats, multiple languages, collection mechanisms, access methods, etc.), supporting, where necessary, hybrid/adaptive approaches andmodels, leading to robust, reliable and automated annotation of unstructured data sources.
The tools shall contribute to minimization of the energy footprint, be adaptable to different user needs and support and encourage new businessmodels and (where appropriate) citizen involvement and social innovation.
The tools shall be demonstrated by diverse use cases. Provision of open source tools is encouraged to contribute to outreach and impact.

•••

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Horizon Europe & CCI Research24Call - WORLD LEADING DATA AND COMPUTINGTECHNOLOGIES 2022 – 23 Nov 2021 / 5 April 2022 – 176.5 Mln• Data sharing in the common European data spaces– HORIZON-CL4-2022-DATA-01-04: Technologies and solutions for data trading, monetizing,exchange and interoperability (IA)• Strengthening Europe’s data analytics capacity– HORIZON-CL4-2022-DATA-01-01: Methods for exploiting data and knowledge for extremely precise
outcomes (analysis, prediction, decision support), reducing complexity and presenting insights inunderstandable way (RIA)• From Cloud to Edge to IoT for European Data
– HORIZON-CL4-2022-DATA-01-02: Cognitive Cloud: AI-enabled computing continuum from Cloud to Edge(RIA)
– HORIZON-CL4-2022-DATA-01-03: Programming tools for decentralised intelligence and swarms (RIA)

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HORIZON-CL4-2022-DATA-01-04: Technologies and solutions for data
trading, monetizing, exchange and interoperability (RIA) – 30 mln/5 mln• Activities are expected to start at TRL 3 and achieve TRL 5 by the end
Expected Outcome: Project results are expected to contribute to the following expected outcomes:•

provide better technologies, tools and solutions for data mining (searching and processing) of large, constantly growing
amounts and varieties of data, and/or extremely sparse/dispersed/heterogeneous/multilingual data (stored centrally or in
distributed/decentralized systems), in particular IoT, industrial, business, administrative, environmental, scientific or societal data.

Scope: The actions under this topic are expected to provide ground-breaking advances in the performance (speed and/or, accuracy)
and usefulness of data discovery, collection, mining, filtering and processing in view of coping with “extreme data”: (defined as datathat exhibits one or more of the following characteristics, to an extent that makes current technologies fail: increasing volume, speed,
variety; complexity/diversity/multilinguality of data; the dispersed data sources; sparse/missing/insufficient data/extreme variations invalues).
The technologies and solutions shall be able to discover and distil meaningful, reliable and useful data from heterogeneous anddispersed/scarce sources and deliver it to the requesting application/user with minimal delay and in the appropriate format. In
particular, the advances shall enable the development of trustworthy, accurate, green and fair AI systems where quality of data is
as important as quantity and/or support industrial distributed decision-making tasks at appropriate level in the computing continuum(edge/fog/cloud).

The results are intended for human use, take into account the relevant human aspects and interactions with users.
The actions should address the integration of relevant technologies (e.g. big data, AI, IoT, HPC, edge/fog/cloud computing,language technologies, cybersecurity, telecommunications, autonomous systems…) as a means towards achieving the goals, andfoster links to the respective research, industrial and user/innovator communities (e.g. AI4EU, digital innovationhubs).
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DESTINATION 6 – A HUMAN-CENTRED AND ETHICAL DEVELOPMENT
OF DIGITAL AND INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGIES: 227 Mln/2021 & 100.5/2022
DESTINATION 6 – A HUMAN-CENTRED AND ETHICAL DEVELOPMENT OF
DIGITAL AND INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGIES• Leadership in AI based on trust– HORIZON-CL4-2021-HUMAN-01-01: Verifiable robustness, energy efficiency and transparency for
Trustworthy AI: Scientific excellence boosting industrial competitiveness (RIA)– AI to fight disinformation (RIA)• An Internet of Trust– HORIZON-CL4-2021-HUMAN-01-04: Trust & data sovereignty on the Internet (RIA) – 10 Mln (only 1
project)– HORIZON-CL4-2021-Trustworthy open search and discovery (RIA)– NGI International Collaboration - Transatlantic fellowship programme (CSA)– eXtended Reality Modelling (RIA)– Piloting a new industry-academy knowledge exchange focusing on companies’ needs (CSA)– HORIZON-CL4-2021-HUMAN-01-26: Workforce skills for industry 5.0 (RIA)
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HORIZON-CL4-2021-HUMAN-01-04: Trust & data sovereignty on theInternet (RIA)
Project results are expected to contribute to the following expected outcomes:•
Increased trust, privacy and user control when exchanging and accessing
personal data on the Internet.
•

A trusted electronic identity ecosystem, fostering a universal, interoperable,
accessible, and user-centric digital identity as a passport to the digital society.

•

A European ecosystem of top internet innovators, with the capacity to set thecourse of the Internet evolution according to a human-centric approach.

•New business and sustainability models based on decentralised technologies
and open source.

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HORIZON-CL4-2021-HUMAN-01-26: Workforce skills for Industry 5.0 (RIA)– 5 Mln
Projects are expected to contribute to the following outcomes:•

A quantitative and qualitative assessment of the nature of job transformations in the context of the 4th
industrial revolution, estimating and mapping the emerging occupations. Establishment of an “Industry 5.0
platform” for future skill requirements improving the critical understanding of the ‘black box’ of new jobs
creation;•

Guidance and recommendations, including avenues for new learning and training systems, for policymakers, businesses, individuals, to reduce the skills’ gaps, to cope with possible unemployment effects, tofoster industrial competitiveness while enhancing inclusiveness.

Scope:• The 4th industrial revolution, has been associated with production efficiencies, cost reductions, streamlined
labour requirements and business model adaptations.
• However, this is accompanied with social, economic and organizational challenges such income inequalities,
public perception for job quality and scarcity, legal issues and data security.

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Horizon Europe & CCI Research29Reference: Industry 5.0 | European Commission (europa.eu)•••

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Industry 5.0 is characterised by going
beyond producing goods and services
for profit. It shifts the focus from theshareholder value to stakeholder
value and reinforces the role and thecontribution of industry to society.
It places the wellbeing of the worker
at the centre of the production
process and uses new technologies
to provide prosperity beyond jobs andgrowth while respecting the
production limits of the planet.
It complements the existing "Industry
4.0" approach by specifically putting
research and innovation at theservice of the transition to asustainable, human-centric andresilient European industry.

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Related: Society 5.0 (according to Japan)
https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/english/society5_0/index.html• Society 5.0 was proposed in the 5th Science and Technology Basic
Plan as a future society that Japan should aspire to.
– It follows the hunting society (Society 1.0), agricultural society (Society 2.0),
industrial society (Society 3.0), and information society (Society 4.0).

• Definition: "A human-centered society that balances economic
advancement with the resolution of social problems by a system thathighly integrates cyberspace and physical space."

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31European Data Spaces as core concept in EC Data Policy• European Data Spaces• Prio - European Cloud Initiative

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Horizon Europe & CCI Research32European Data Space
The European data space will give businesses in the EU the possibility to build on the scale of the Single market.
Common European rules and efficient enforcement mechanisms should ensure that:- data can flow within the EU and across sectors;- European rules and values, in particular personal data protection, consumer protection legislation and competition
law, are fully respected;- the rules for access to and use of data are fair, practical and clear, and there are clear and trustworthy data
governance mechanisms in place; there is an open, but assertive approach to international data flows, based on
European values.
Key actions•

Propose a legislative framework for the governance of common European data spaces, Q4 2020•

Adopt an implementing act on high-value data-sets, Q1 2021•

Propose, as appropriate, a Data Act, 2021•

Analysis of the importance of data in the digital economy (e.g. through the Observatory of the Online Platform
Economy), and review of the existing policy framework in the context of the Digital Services Act package (Q4 2020).

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Industrial Data Spaces and Industry 4.0• Data monetization and data exchanges today are hot topics on many levels, among
others in the Internet of Things. Vendors are looking for IoT data monetization models.
• Data needs to be gathered, combined and shared for particular purposes, among others
leveraging advanced analytics and in data-intensive circumstances also leveraging
artificial intelligence.
– Finally, all this data needs to be turned into actionable intelligence, (semi-)automated actions and ideally, theessence of digital transformation, into new services, platforms and revenue streams• Industrial data exchanges for innovation– The exchange and sharing of data (or access to it) is key for innovation and transformation at scale
and in the more mature stages of digital transformation.

•

IoT data ecosystem for ecosystem-driven IoT data monetization for IoT device
manufacturers and service providers and tackled how IoT data exchanges are the next
IoT revolution.
• Probable data sovereignty, control and data security
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European Data Space – Key Infrastructure Actions for Cloud• Invest in a High Impact project on European data spaces, encompassing data sharingarchitectures (including standards for data sharing, best practices, tools) and governancemechanisms, as well as the European federation of energy-efficient and trustworthy cloudinfrastructures and related services, with a view to facilitating combined investments of €4-6 billion,of which the Commission could aim at investing €2 billion.
– First implementation phase foreseen for 2022;• Sign Memoranda of Understanding with Member States on cloud federation, Q3 2020;• Launch a European cloud services marketplace, integrating the full stack of cloud service offering,Q4 2022;• Create an EU (self-)regulatory cloud rulebook, Q2 2022.
• International Data Spaces Association (IDSA) and Industrial Data Spaces Initiative

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Industrial Data Spaces: Sharing Data
• Sharing and Sovereignty are key to make value of data
• Data Sovereignty achieved by attaching policy and usage conditions todata• Enabling regulated environment for data processing– Enclave computing in modern cloud technology

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European Policy on Cloud Computing
https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/cloud-computing• The availability of both edge and cloud computing is essential in a computing
continuum to ensure that data is processed in the most efficient manner.
– Energy-efficient and trustworthy edge and cloud infrastructures will be fundamental for thesustainable use of edge and cloud computing technologies.
– Whereas cloud computing happens mostly in large data-centres today, by 2025 this trend willreverse: 80% of all data is expected to be processed in smart devices closer to the user, known
as edge computing.
– Edge and Far Edge technologies and infra• European Alliance on Industrial Data, Edge and Cloud to be established tofacilitate development• Joint Investment in cross-border cloud infrastructures and services to build the next generation
cloud supply• European marketplaces for cloud services, where users will have a single portal to cloudofferings meeting key EU standards and rules• EU Cloud Rulebook for cloud services, which will provide a single European framework of rules,transparency on their compliance and best practices for cloud use in Europe

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European Policy on Cloud Computing: Related Initiaitves
•
•

•
•

The Regulation on the free flow of non-personal data, together with the General Data Protection Regulation, raises legal
certainty for cloud users by ensuring the free movement of all data in the EU.
Data portability: the free flow of non-personal data Regulation also builds trust through facilitating a self-regulatory work on
cloud switching and cloud security.
• SWIPO data portability Codes of Conduct and the CSPCERT Recommendations for a candidate European cloudsecurity certification scheme.
Cybersecurity: at the request of the Commission, the European cybersecurity agency ENISA is working on asingle European cybersecurity certification scheme for cloud services. The scheme will provide increased assurance tobusinesses, public administrations and citizens that their data is secure wherever they are stored or processed.
Data protection in the cloud: the Commission has facilitated a platform for industry to develop Codes of Conduct for dataprotection in the cloud that are currently reviewed by the European Data Protection Board.
• Processing of personal and non-personal data in the cloud - Guidance on mixed datasets.

https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/practical-guidance-businesses-how-process-mixed-datasets•••

Standardised Cloud Service Level Agreements (SLA) that guarantee the quality of cloud services in the European
market.
Cloud use by the financial sector: Financial service providers increasingly use cloud services to remain competitive.
There must be clear requirements in place for outsourcing agreements between financial entities and cloud service
providers (as part of the Fintech Action Plan)A European mapping of data flows that will allow to assess the value of data flows to the European digital economy.

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European Strategy for artificial intelligence
https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/strategy-artificial-intelligence• WHITE PAPER On Artificial Intelligence - A European approach to excellence and trust,
COM/2020/65 final
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52020DC0065&from=EN• Proposal for a Regulation laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Artificial
Intelligence Act) – 21 April 2021 (108 pp + annex 17 pp)
https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/proposal-regulation-laying-down-harmonised-rules-artificialintelligence-artificial-intelligence• Trustworthy AI Self-assessment
https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/dae/document.cfm?doc_id=68342
1. Human Agency and Oversight;
2. Technical Robustness and Safety;
3. Privacy and Data Governance;
4. Transparency;
5. Diversity, Non-discrimination and Fairness;
6. Societal and Environmental Well-being;
7. Accountability
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Horizon Europe & CCI Research39Additional Information• Global trends on data sharing• Industrial Data Spaces Association (IDSA)

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Horizon Europe & CCI Research40Mixed, Personal and non-Personal data
https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/developing-business/usingstoring-transferring-data/index_en.htm• What is non-personal data?
Non-personal data is informationthat cannot be linked to an identified or
identifiable person, such as data:• generated as part of business processes (for example,
business to business invoices)• generated by connected industrial devices (sensors
communicating recorded data, such as for weather
apps)• recorded for maintenance requirements (for example,
industrial robots, streets, bridges etc.)• What is personal data?
Personal data is any information
about an identified or identifiable
person, also known as the data
subject. Personal data includes
information such as their:• Personal data and mixed data sets
– The rules for dealing with personal data differ
from those for non-personal data.
– Personal and non-personal data are often
collected and stored together; this is known as
mixed data. If you handle mixed datasets, thesame level of protection as personal data applies.
CCI2021

Horizon Europe & CCI Research• name• address• ID card/passport number• income• cultural profile• Internet Protocol (IP) address• data held by a hospital or doctor(which uniquely identifies a person
for health purposes).
41

Special categories of data
You may not process personal data about someone's:• racial or ethnic origin• sexual orientation• political opinions• religious or philosophical beliefs• trade-union membership• genetic, biometric or health data except in specific cases (e.g. when you've
been given explicit consent or when processing is needed for reasons of
substantial public interest, on the basis of EU or national law)
• personal data related to criminal convictions and offences unless this isauthorised by EU or national law
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42Trends and Predictions for 2021+• By 2022 companies will
start formally/monetaryassessing the value of theirinformation assets• By 2023 data literacy will
be formally included into all
strategies• CDO role will strengthen,
CDO will guide decision
makers on effective use ofdata•
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43International Data Spaces Association (IDSA)
https://www.internationaldataspaces.org/••

Industry focused
IDSA Reference Architecture
Model (RAM3.0)•

Key Issue is Data Sovereignty•

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44

International Data Space Association• Started 2016 as Industrial Data Space initiative (supported by German project)• Re-defined as International Data Space Association (IDSA)– Published International Data Space Architecture Version 2.0 (2018)– Whitepaper and use cases• Associated H2020 projects– MIDIH – Manufacturing Industry Digital Innovation Hub (22 partners, 12 countries)• Services: technological, business, skills building• Open calls– Boost4.0 – Big Data for Factories in Automotive Industry (20 Mln (100 Mln private), 3yrs, 50
partners, 16 countries)– Close cooperation with FIWARE Foundation (cloud like infrastructure resulted from FutureInternet program)• Positions itself against IoT and Open-Data solutions in the areas of smart cities, Industry 4.0 and agriculture• Ongoing active outreach campaign– Appearance at FIWARE Global Summit 8-9 May 2018 in Porto– Serial of webinars in Sept – Oct 2018
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Industrial Data Space: Linking Data and Smart Services
Smart-Service-Scenarios

Architectural Level

Automobile
Manufacturer

Agriculture

Services

Logistics

Machinery &Plant Engineering

Pharma &Healthcare

Service and Product Innovations»Smart Data Services« (anonymization, alerting, monitoring, quality of data etc.)
INDUS TRIAL DATA S PACE
»Basic Data Services« (information fusion, mapping, aggregation etc.)
Internet of Things ∙ Broadband infrastructure ∙ Device proxies, network protocols ∙∙∙Real-time domain ∙ Sensors, actors, devices ∙∙∙•IDS/IDSA slides courtesy Prof. Dr.-Ing. Boris Otto, Fraunhofer ISST, Industrial Data Space Association, and Prof. Dr. Jan Jürjens Fraunhofer,
ISST, University Koblenz-Landau

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Industrial Data Space: Core Principles
Decentralised
Federated architecture
Protection of Confidence
Certificated participants

Sovereignty
of data and services

Security
Data exchange
Openness
Neutral and user driven
GovernanceCollaborative rules
Scaling
effects on networks

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Network
Platforms and services

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Central: Role of Data is Changing

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In the “Smart Service Welt” data is a key resource for businessmodel innovation
End-to -End
Customer
Process
New
Business
ModelsHybridService
Off erings
Smart Service
World

DigitalPlatforms

•
•
•
•
•
•

End-to-End Customer Process
Hybrid Services Offerings
Data Centricity
Business ecosystem
Digital Platform
New Business Model

DataCent ricit yBusiness
Ecosyst ems

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Horizon Europe & CCI Research49Industry articulated requirements for a network of trusted data, theIndustrial Data Space
Decentral Control
Federated
Architecture

Sovereignty
Data Ownership

Trust

Scalability

CertifiedParticipants

Network Effects

Ecosystem

Security

Platforms andServices

On-Demand Data
Exchange

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Governance

Neutrality andUser Community

Mutual Rules of
the Game

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In the extended enterprise, data must be managed in aconsistent way
PublicData
Digitalized Value Creation

Production
Networks

Networks

Digitalized Value Proposition

Human-MachineCollaboration

End-to-End Customer
Process

Interoperability

Lot-Size 1

Autonomous Systems

Logistics

Data

Data
Management

Internet of Things

Business Ecosystem
Hybrid Offerings

CustomerCommercial
Services

Industrial

Services

Value Chain Data

Legend:Information flow;

Material flow.

Slides courtesy Jan Jurjens
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Data sharing is a key prerequisite for successful business ecosystems

Data Sharing

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Material Sciences

Sharing of material information along the entire
product life cycle

EnergyShared use of process data for predictive asset
maintenance

Manufacturing and
Logistics

Sharing of master and event data along the entire
supply chain

Healthcare

Anonymized, shared data pool for better drug
development»Smart Cities«

Shared use of data for end-to-end consumer
services

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GAIA-X – A Federated Data Infrastructure for Europe• GAIA-X – A Federated
Data Infrastructure forEurope• Currently cooperative
initiative by Germany,
France, Netherlands and
22 companies• Accepts IDSA Data
Sovereignty
Model• Very interested in EOSC
and BDVA experience

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Discussion and Questions• Importance of Data Governance at policy level and organisational level• Industrial Data Spaces Initiative - Strong Industry support and on way to standardisation• GAIA-X Initiative: A Federated Data Infrastructure for Europe

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