Volume 6, Number 3 | Fall 2011

Special ReportJapanese Kampo Medicine after the Great East Japan
Earthquake in Miyagi and Fukushima Prefectures(Kampo Medicine after Great East Japan Earthquake)*Shin Takayama1-3), *Kumiko Watanabe4),
Koh Iwasaki5), Takehiro Numata2,3),
Hitoshi Kuroda3), Tadashi Ishii2, 3)
and Nobuo Yaegashi6)*First author and equal contribution
1) Comprehensive
Medicine,

Education

Graduate

SchoolCenterfor

CommunityofMedicine,

TohokuUniversity, Sendai, Japan

were

prescribed.

In

the

outpatient

clinicin

Fukushima Prefecture, patients diagnosed withstress disorder were treated with Kampo medicine,resulting in positive effects on both physical andmental/emotional symptoms. Thus, Kampo medicine
is considered as a useful treatment that can beutilized along with Western medicine for various
medical conditions that emerge after a natural
disaster.

Introduction
The coastal areas of eastern Japan were2) Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University
Hospital, Sendai, Japan
3) Department of Education and Support for Community
Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japandevastated by the massive earthquake and tsunamithat occurred on March 11, 2011. Tsunami waves
reached a maximum height of approximately 16 m

4) Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima

at the Miyagi fishery port of Onagawa, sweeping

Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan

away people, cars, houses, and even whole

5) Southern Tohoku Research Institute for Neuroscience,

communities (Fig. 1). At first, it was reported that

Sendai, Japan

approximately 26,000 people died or were missing,6) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku
University Graduate school of medicine, Sendai, Japan
Corresponding auther: Shin Takayama

Keywords:

JAPAN; TSUNAMI; DISASTER;
EARTHQUAKE; KAMPO

schools and community centers converted into
evacuation centers were isolated and prevented
from communicating with other areas due toAfter the Great East Japan Earthquake and hugetsunami, traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicine
was successfully used in the disaster-stricken areasin Miyagi Prefecture and in an outpatient clinic in
Fukushima Prefecture. Here, we report the changes
patients

partially destroyed [1, 2]. More than 400,000 people
were forced to evacuate to evacuation centers. Many

Abstractofand that at least 100,000 houses were completely or

symptoms

inevacuation

centers.

Additionally, we present specific case reports ofpatients who were sucssessfully treated with Kampo
medicine. Infectious diseases, common cold, andhypothermia were the predominant immediately
after the disaster. The incidence of allergies
increased 2 weeks later, and after another 6 weeks,
mental distress increased. Kampo preparations suchas kakkonto and keishito were administered topatients with common cold, whereas ninjinto andtokishigyakukagoshuyushokyoto were used for hypothermia.
Further, Kampo preparations with anti-allergic properties, suchas shoseiryuto, and tranquilizing properties, such as kamikihito,

inundated and severed roads in Miyagi Prefecture.
The

Nuclear

Power

Plant

in

Fukushima

Prefecture was also destroyed by the huge tsunami,
causing radiation problems in the east coast of
Fukushima (Fig. 2). Severe problems on the supplyof air, water, food, and shelter emerged due toradiation pollution. The government urged people
living within 20- to 30-km radius of the Fukushima
Nuclear Power Plant to evacuate to farther and safer
areas (Fig. 2). Everyone in east Japan experienced
anxiety, irritability, sadness, and despair.
After the disaster, the Department of Kampo
medicine in Tohoku University Hospital provided
treatment with traditional Japanese (Kampo)
medicine in the severely stricken disaster areas in
Miyagi Prefecture. Kampo medicine was also used
for patients at the clinic of Fukushima Medical
University (Fig. 2).

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

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Volume 6, Number 3 | Fall 2011

In this report, we describe the disaster medical
reliefoperation

andmedicalconditions

that

preparations such as kakkonto and keishito were
used,

whereasninjinto

andemerged after the natural disaster that struck

tokishigyakukagoshuyushokyoto were used for the

Miyagi Prefecture, as well as some case reports thattreatment of hypothermia. Moreover, for patientswere successfully treated using Kampo medicine.

with prolonged symptoms despite under the

Medical relief operations using Kampo medicine at
the coastal areas of Miyagi Prefecture (modified
from ref. [3, 4])
Based on the medical records and documents on
the 12-day medical relief operations conducted at theevacuation centers in the Onagawa and Ishinomaki
areas during the first 73 days after the disaster, weretrospectively investigated the data on symptoms
and Kampo treatment (n = 236). Three periods wereassessed: the acute period, starting from the day ofthe disaster up to the 14th day after the disaster; thesub-acute period, which includes the 15th to the 42nd
day after the disaster; and the chronic period, which
covers the 43rd to the 73rd day after the disaster.
Data on symptoms and treatment were collected foreach period. Kampo preparations used in thismedical operation consisted of dried extract granules
prepared from a boiled water extract of multiple raw
materials. Quality control and assurance of these
raw materials was performed by the Japanesepharmacopeia. These Kampo preparations werecovered by the National Health Insurance of Japan.
A list of Kampo preparations used in this operation
is presented in Table 1.
We treated 72 patients during the acute period,
117 during the sub-acute period, and 47 during thechronic period. Figure 3 shows the treatment
conducted at an evacuation center. Many of thepatients had already received Western medicationsprescribed by the Ishinomaki Joint Medical Relief
Team (IJMRT). A comparison of symptoms observed
during the acute, sub-acute, and chronic periods isshown in Figure 4.

treatment of Western medicine, we prescribedshosaikoto and other similar Kampo preparations.
Goreisan was prescribed for the treatment ofenterocolitis accompanied by diarrhea or vomiting
which were not relieved by anti-diarrheal agents orintestinal regulators (Table 1).
During the sub-acute period, allergic symptoms
such as persistent cough, pharyngeal pain, runny nose,and itchy eyes were common (Fig. 4). Although many
patients had already received antihistamines andother anti-allergy medications, many complained ofadverse drug reactions such as drowsiness andimpaired attention. Thus, we prescribed Kampo
preparations with anti-allergy properties such as
shoseiryuto for these patients (Table 1).
During the chronic period, an increase inpsychiatric symptoms such as irritability, anxiety,lightheadedness, and insomnia were observed, as
well as somatoform disorders (Fig. 4). For these
symptoms, we prescribed Kampo preparations withtranquilizing properties, such as yokukansan andkamikihito. Moreover, many patients complained of
constipation,

mashininganorjunchoto

wereprescribed (Table 1).
Cases who received Kampo treatment at anevacuation center in Miyagi Prefecture

A case of fever and shivering
Case patient: A 60-year-old man
Chief complaint: Chills and fever
History of the present illness: Chills and sore throat
developed 2 days prior; the patient was treated by
IJMRT the day before. The result of an influenza test

patients

was negative, an anti-inflammatory analgesic waspresented with the common cold, hypothermia, andprescribed. Intense chills and languor persisted until

enterocolitis (Fig. 4). For patients with recent onset

the next day, and the patient’s body temperatureofshowed over 38°C. Although the patient felt chills, no

During4

thesymptoms

acute

of

the

period,common

many

cold,

Kampo

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

Volume 6, Number 3 | Fall 2011

fuel for heat to keep him warm was available. Then,

Tongue diagnosis: The tongue was pale and showed

he requested Kampo treatmemt.

a thin white coating

Physicalfindings:

Body

temperature

showedPulse diagnosis: A sinking, slow pulse

38.1°C; face slightly pale; shivering; mild redness in

Prescription: Kampo preparation of ninjinto

the tonsils but no swelling; no rales in chest(TJ-32,

auscultation

tokishigyakukagoshuyushokyoto (TJ-38, 7.5 g/day,Tongue diagnosis: The tongue was pale and showedfor 2 days), taken orally 3 times a day with hot watera thin white coating

before each meal

Pulse diagnosis: A sinking pulse

Progression:

Prescription:

Kampo

preparation

7.5

g/day,

forApproximately

2

days)

30

min

and

after

of

administration, the patient’s feeling of coldness was

maobusisaishinto (TJ-127, 7.5 g/day, for 2 days),

alleviated and claimed that his vitality hadtaken orally 3 times a day with hot water before

returned. That day, he walked on his own to receive

each meala meal, and the patient was able to consume the food.

Progression: 30 min after administration, theA dministration of Kampo preparations for 2 days

patient sweated and were reliefed from chills. After

couldoral administration for a day, the patient's fever

hypothermia and malaise.

declined to 36.8°C the following day, as well as
dissipation of malaise. He expressed gratitude that
he "received the most effective cold medicine he had

improvethepatient’s

symptomsofA case of allergic symptoms
Case: A 35-year-old man

ever taken."Chief complaint: Persistent nasal discharge

A case of hypothermia

earthquake, the patient left the evacuation center toHistory of the present illness: Following the
go to his home each day to remove rubble and debris.

Case: A 80-year-old man
Chief complaints: Feeling of malaise and decline inmotivation
History of the present illness: The patient was athome when the disaster struck, and nearly drowned
when a portion of the first floor was flooded bytsunami waves. Somehow, his family was able torescue him and they were evacuated and stayed in
the evacuation center; he was wrapped in blankets
while still wearing his dirty clothes. Although thepatient ate his meals during the next several days,
he gradually felt fatigue and appatite loss. He
experienced intense malaise and was lying in thecorner of a room in evacuation center.
Physical findings: Body temperature showed 34.8°C;
no abnormal sounds heard in chest auscultation; face
was pale; no shivering despite complaints of feelingcold; coldness in the trunk and limbs; redness in thethird and fourth toes of both feet

Two weeks prior to presentation, he complained ofpersistent nasal discharge; he received treatment
from the IJMRT, which prescribed him an antiallergy agent, but it failed to relieve the symptoms.
He felt drowsiness after administration, which hethought was a side effect of the anti-allergy agent.
He thus requested Kampo treatment.
Physical findings: A slender body type; bodytemperature showed 36.2°C; no redness or swellingin the tonsils or throat; no abnormal sounds heard
in chest auscultation
Tongue diagnosis: Tongue was swollen and showed
tooth marks
Pulse diagnosis: A thin, fast pulse
Prescription: Kampo preparation of shoseiryuto (TJ19, 9.0 g/day, for 7 days), taken orally 3 times a daywith hot water before each meal
Progression: One day after oral administration, the

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

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Volume 6, Number 3 | Fall 2011

patient reliefed from the symptom of nasal discharge,

Prescription: She was prescribed the Kampo

despite the cessation of the anti-allergy agent.

preparation of saikokaryukotsuboreito (TJ-12, 7.5

Further, the patient no longer felt drowsiness, andg/day, for 7 days), taken orally 3 times a day before

thus showed an increase in work efficiency.

each meal

Cases who received Kampo treatment at theoutpatient clinic of Fukushima Medical University

Progression: 2 days later, she returned to work on
the day shift. Despite having some anxiety, she nolonger felt a sensation of floating and her

A case of insomnia, anxiety, dizziness, and floating
sensation

palpitations stopped. On day 4, she had to visit her

Case: A 41-year-old woman

the disaster, and complained of being very anxious,

Chiefcomplaints:

Insomnia,

anxiety,floating

relative's home that had been heavily damaged by
but later reported that she was able to go and returnsensation, and palmar sweatinghome without flashback sensation. Presently, she

Occupation: Nurse

has resumed her normal workload without taking

History of the present illness: The disaster struck

any medications.

while the patient was working at a hospital. As
frequent aftershocks continued, she took rounds
checking the safety of patients in each ward. On the
day of the disaster, she was unable to return homeand stayed at the hospital overnight; however, shebegan to feel as though her body was constantly
shaking. The sight of herself shaking caused her toexperience anxiety, fear, palmar sweating, andpalpitations. After she returned home, she had toget back to work at the hospital for the night shift,

Discussion
During our medical relief operations in various
evacuation centers, we have observed that the mostcommon symptoms occurring in the first 2 weeks
after the natural disaster included the common cold,
hypothermia, and enterocolitis. The incidence of
these symptoms may be related to the cold, winterweather and the unavailability of electricity, gas, andhot water to keep them warm. In addition, theevacuees were laid on cardboard and tarpaulinwhere she felt the same symptoms. Thus, shesheets placed on the floor; these evacuation centersdeveloped a fear of going to work and was concerned

had obviously depleted supply of blankets andthat this fear would interfere with her work; hence,

bedding for them. Enterocolitis accompanied byshe joined the consultation 2 weeks after thevomiting or diarrhea was prevalent mainly indisaster.

children. During this period, it was difficult to obtain

Physicalfindings:

Body

temperature

showeddrinking water; no water was available for washing

36.2°C; blood pressure, 150/90 mmHg; favorable

hands. Occasionally, impure water from swimming

appetite; frequently dreams while asleep; languor

pools was drawn for use, and thus, the unsanitaryand swelling in the legs; no redness or swelling inconditions in the evacuation centers could havethe throat and tonsils; no abnormal sounds in chest

influenced to the increase of enterocolitis cases.
Approximately 2 weeks after the disaster,

auscultation
Tongue diagnosis: Reddish at the tip, some toothcomplaints of persistent cough, pharyngeal pain,

indentations, and showed a thin white coating

runny nose, and itchy eyes increased. At this time,

Abdominal

thediagnosis:

Abdominal

examination

outsidetemperature

gradually

increased.

indicative of kyokyokuman (chest side painfulness),

Further the sludge and dirt that were brought in bysaijoki (palpitations above the umbilicus), andthe tsunami had dried and polluted the air. Thissaikafujin (numbness below the umbilicus)

period also coincided with the pollen allergy season.

6

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

Volume 6, Number 3 | Fall 2011

These environmental factors may have influenced to

medicines administered to patients affected by thisthe symptoms such as coughing and allergic

particular natural disaster, such as maoto forreactions.

common colds or influenza, shosaikoto for prolonged

Approximately one month after the disaster, ancommonshoseiryuto

colds,

forrhinitis,andincrease in psychiatric symptoms such as insomnia,

yokukansan for psychiatric diseases, have been

irritability, lightheadedness, and anxiety, as well as

previously reported [5-9]. Ninjinto has been used tosomatoform disorders was observed. This may betreat hypothermia and diarrhea [10], and goreisan

attributable to fatigue that was related to thehas been administered to patients with nausea andextended stay of the evacuees at the evacuation

diarrhea [11]. According to the book, “Discussion ofcenters and to the stress that they experienced from

Cold Damage,” originally edited by Zhang Zhong-recurring aftershocks. In addition, many patients

Jing,

complained of constipation, possibly related withshosaikoto, and goreisan have been used as

the composition of the meals, which mainly

treatment for infectious diseases or hypothermia

consisted of carbohydrates.

since ancient times [12]. The efficacy of Kampo

kakkonto,

maoto,

ninjinto,

shoseiryuto,

In this disaster medical relief operation, we

medicines has thus been proven by its extensive

observed that Kampo treatment relieved thehistory of clinical use. Kampo preparations are

symptoms of the patients. Kampo treatment isincluded in future medical relief supplies forgenerally applicable after taking the history of thedisaster victims and that Kampo treatments arepatient’s

applied for treating a wide range of medical

illnessandconductingaphysicalexamination [5]; it was a useful tool for thisconditions.

particular natural disaster, when commonly used
medical supplies were insufficient. The powder

Conclusion

extract preparations of Kampo medicine have been

Kampo medicine is a useful treatment that may

used widely in Japan. Oral Kampo preparations

complement Western medicine during extensive

administered to treat cold sensitivity and tonatural disasters.

ultimately increase the feeling of warmth in the body,which are based on the unique concepts of Kampo
medicine, were effective to treat patients of

Acknowledgments
We

express

ourdeepestappreciation

andhypothermia. Moreover, Kampo preparations for

gratitude to the people throughout the world who

severe cold symptoms, anti-allergic agents that dooffered their generous support and help after the

not cause drowsiness, and antitussive agents forearthquake and tsunami that affected the eastern

persistent cough were effective treatments thatcoast of Japan. We have no conflicts of interest tocomplement Western medicine. There were alsodeclare.

occasions in which Kampo preparations were also
used to treat symptoms during the chronic period,

Referencessuch as psychiatric disorders and constipation.

[1] The Fire and Disaster Management Agency: The

Kampo therapy imparted beneficial effects on both

Tohoku Pacific Ocean Earthquake (Great East Japan

physicalEarthquake) in 2011 (115th report).

andmental/emotional

symptoms

in[2] Furukawa K, Arai H: Earthquake in Japan. Lancet

patients.
Clinical evidence for the effectiveness of Kampo

2011; 377 (9778): 1652.

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

7

Volume 6, Number 3 | Fall 2011[3] Takayama S, Okitsu R, Iwasaki K, et al.: The Role

[8] Baba S, Takasaka T, Inamura N, et al.: Double-blindof Oriental Medicine in the Great East Japan

clinical trial of Sho-seiryu-to (TJ-19) for perennial nasal

Earthquake Disaster. Kampo Medicine 2011; 62(5):allergy (in Japanese). Jibiinkokarinsho 1995; 88(3): 389-405.

621-626 (in Japanese).
[4] Takayama S, Okitsu R, Iwasaki K, et al.: Role oforiental medicine in the great East Japan earthquake.
GermanJournalofAcupuncture

andRelatedTechniques 2012; 55(2): 15-18 (in German).

[9] Iwasaki K, Satoh-Nakagawa T, Maruyama M, et al.: A
randomized, observer-blind, controlled trial of the
traditional Chinese medicine Yi-Gan San for improvementof behavioral and psychological symptoms and activities of[5] Yuzo Sato, Toshihiko Hanawa, Makoto Arai, et al.:daily living in dementia patients. J Clin Psychiatry 2005;

Introduction to KAMPO, Elsevier Japan K.K. 2005; 53-62.

66(2): 248-252.

[6] Kubo T, Nishimura H: Antipyretic effect of Mao-to,[10] Lui G, Lui C, Donald L, et al.: Fundamentals of Formulas

a Japanese herbal medicine, for treatment of type Aof Chinese Medicine. Hua Xia Publishing House 2007; 65.

influenza infection in children. Phytomedicine 2007;[11] Robert R: Japanese Herbal Medicine. Avery

14(2-3): 96-101.

Publishing Group 1999; 120.

[7] Kaji M, Kashiwagi S, Yamakido M: A double-blind,placebo-controlled study of TSUMURA Shosaikoto (TJ-9)
for common cold. Rinsho to Kenkyu (Japanese Journal of
Clinical and Experimental Study) 2001; 78: 2252-2268 (inJapanese).

8[12] Volker S, Dan B, Andrew E, et al.: Chinese Herbal
Medicine Formulas and Strategies 2nd Edition. Eastland
Press 2009; pp7-9, pp19-21, pp212-4, pp104-109, pp257260, pp724-728.

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

Volume 6, Number 3 | Fall 2011

Table 1: A list of Kampo preparations mainly prescribed
during the current medical relief operation
PeriodSymptoms

Application of
Kampo extract
granulesKeishito

Commoncold

Kakkonto

Contents ratio(JP: The JapanesePharmacopoeia)

3.0

JP Cinnamon Bark(4.0g)
JP Peony Root(4.0g)
JP Jujube(4.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(2.0g)
JP Ginger(1.5g)

3.75

JP Pueraria Root(4.0g)
JP Jujube(3.0g)
JP Ephedra Herb(3.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(2.0g)
JP Cinnamon Bark(2.0g)
JP Peony Root(2.0g)
JP Ginger(2.0g)

Maobushisaishinto

1.5

JP Ephedra Herb(4.0g)
JP Asiasarum Root(3.0g)
JP Powdered Processed
Aconite Root(1.0g)

Kikyoto1.25

JP Glycyrrhiza(3.0g)
JP Platycodon Root(2.0g)

5.0

JP Gypsum(10.0g)
JP Bupleurum Root(7.0g)
JP Pinellia Tuber(5.0g)
JP Scutellaria Root(3.0g)
JP Platycodon Root(3.0g)
JP Jujube(3.0g)
JP Ginseng(3.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(2.0g)
JP Ginger(1.0g)

4.0

JP Jujube(5.0g)
JP Cinnamon Bark(3.0g)
JP Peony Root(3.0g)
JP Japanese Angelica
Root(3.0g)
JP Akebia Stem(3.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(2.0g)
JP Evodia Fruit(2.0g)
JP Asiasarum Root(2.0g)
JP Ginger(1.0g)

Acute

Tonsillitis

Hypothermia

Ploronged
common cold

Shosaikotokakikyosekko

Tokishigyakukagoshuyushokyoto

Shosaikoto

Rikkunshito

Subacute

4.5

JP Bupleurum Root(7.0g)
JP Pinellia Tuber(5.0g)
JP Scutellaria Root(3.0g)
JP Jujube(3.0g)
JP Ginseng(3.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(2.0g)
JP Ginger(1.0g)

4.0

JP Atractylodes Lancea
Rhizome(4.0g)
JP Ginseng(4.0g)
JP Pinellia Tuber(4.0g)
JP Poria Sclerotium(4.0g)
JP Jujube(2.0g)
JP Citrus Unshiu
Peel(2.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(1.0g)
JP Ginger(0.5g)

2.0

JP Alisma Rhizome (4.0g)
JP Atractylodes Lancea
Rhizome(3.0g)
JP Polyporus
Sclerotium(3.0g)
JP Poria Sclerotium(3.0g)
JP Cinnamon Bark(1.5g)

2.5

JP Processed Ginger(3.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(3.0g)
JP Atractylodes Lancea
Rhizome(3.0g)
JP Ginseng(3.0g)

5.0

JP Pinellia Tuber(6.0g)
JP Processed Ginger(3.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(3.0g)
JP Cinnamon Bark(3.0g)
JP Schisandra Fruit(3.0g).
JP Asiasarum Root(3.0g)
JP Peony Root(3.0g)
JP Ephedra Herb(3.0g)

Enterocolitis
GoreisanNinjinto

Rhinitis

Itchy eyes

Driedextract
glanulesin dailydosage(g)

Shoseiryuto

Dry coughEppikajutsuto

Bakumondoto

Mashiningan

3.25

JP Gypsum(8.0g)
JP Ephedra Herb(6.0g)
JP Atractylodes Lancea
Rhizome(4.0g)
JP Jujube(3.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(2.0g)
JP Ginger(1.0g)

6.0

JP Ophiopogon
Tuber(10.0g)
JP Pinellia Tuber(5.0g)
JP Jujube(3.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(2.0g)
JP Ginseng(2.0g)
JP Brown rice(5.0g)

2.25

JP Hemp Fruit(5.0g)
JP Rhubarb(4.0g)
JP Immature
Orange(2.0g)
JP Apricot Kernel(2.0g)
JP Magnolia Bark(2.0g)
JP Peony Root(2.0g)

1.5

JP Rehmannia Root(6.0g)
JP Japanese Angelica
Root(3.0g)
JP Scutellaria Root(2.0g)
JP Immature
Orange(2.0g)
JP Apricot Kernel(2.0g)
JP Magnolia Bark(2.0g)
JP Rhubarb(2.0g)
JP Peach Kernel(2.0g)
JP Hemp Fruit(2.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(1.5g)

3.25

JP Jujube Seed(10.0g)
JP Poria Sclerotium(5.0g)
JP Cnidium
Rhizome(3.0g)
JP Anemarrhena
Rhizome(3.0g).
JP Glycyrrhiza(1.0g)

3.25

JP Atractylodes Lancea
Rhizome(4.0g)
JP Poria Sclerotium(4.0g)
JP Cnidium
Rhizome(3.0g)
JP Uncaria Hook(3.0g)
JP Japanese Angelica
Root(3.0g)
JP Bupleurum Root(2.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(1.5g)

5.0

JP Astragalus Root(3.0g)
JP Bupleurum Root(3.0g)
JP Jujube Seed(3.0g)
JP Atractylodes Lancea
Rhizome(3.0g)
JP Ginseng(3.0g)
JP Poria Sclerotium(3.0g)
JP Longan Aril(3.0g)
JP Polygala Root(2.0g)
JP Gardenia Fruit(2.0g)
JP Jujube(2.0g)
JP Japanese Angelica
Root(2.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(1.0g)
JP Ginger(1.0g)
JP Saussurea Root(1.0g)

5.0

JP Astragalus Root(4.0g)
JP Atractylodes Lancea
Rhizome(4.0g)
JP Ginseng(4.0g)
JP Japanese Angelica
Root(3.0g)
JP Bupleurum Root(2.0g)
JP Jujube(2.0g)
JP Citrus Unshiu
Peel(2.0g)
JP Glycyrrhiza(1.5g)
JP Cimicifuga
Rhizome(1.0 g)
JP Ginger(0.5 g)

Constipation

Junchoto

Insomnia

Irritation

Sansoninto

Yokukansan

Chronic

Anxiety

Fatigue

Kamikihito

Hochuekkito

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

9Volume 6, Number 3 | Fall 2011

Figure1: The seismic center of the Great East Japan
Earthquake and the location of Miyagi and
Fukushima prefecture

Figure 3: Kampo treatment at an evacuation center

Others
Irritability, anxiety,fatigue and insomnia
Constipation
Rhinitis and itchy eyes
Cough
Vomitting, diarrhea
And abdominal pain
Common cold,
Pharyngeal pain andhypothermia

Acute

Figure 2: The location of Tohoku University Hospital in
Miyagi prefecture and Fukushima Medical University
Hospital in Fukushima prefecture10

Sub-acute

Chronic

Figure 4: Comparison of symptoms during the acute(1st to 14th day after the disaster, n = 72), sub-acute(15th to 42nd day, n = 117), and chronic (43rd to 73rdday, n = 47) periods, modified from the references 3
and 4

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)