SSH Science Research Presentation 2024 Abstract Collection
No. Area

Title

MemberPage

1Math. Searching for the best move of Othello

Akashi Masaki, Ogino Koh, Shimizu Kaisei

12

Math. Disassembly of a sine wave

Hashimoto Sho, Horiguchi Kosuke

2

3

Math. Frobenius coin exchange problem

Kobayashi Ayumu

3

4

Math. Rubik's Cube's hand that is possible to solve and impossible

Nagata Mutsuki

4

5

Geol. How to optimal ventilate the classroom

Takahata Kota, Ogasawara Kohei,
Hattori Yusei

5

6

Geol. Creation and analysis of seismic cross section display tool

Akiyama Sakitoshi, Okawa Naoto, Kotaka
Nozomu, Matsunaga Ryouta

6

7

Geol. Temperature difference in the school building of Matsuyama

Inoue Taisei, Kanda Yuta

7

8

Phys. Analysing wire meshed panels for soundproofing

Sato Shin, Nakamura Tomoaki, Nishio koki

89Phys. Experimental analysis on performance of wind turbine

Yamada Yuto Chikamatsu Ubu
Imachi Naoto

910

Phys. Development of disaster relief robots

Matsumura Hiroto Oshima Yusei Suzuki
Yutaka10

Machida Kai, Yamada Taku, Yamazaki Eisuke

11

Takei Yutaro, Ito Tatsuki, Okochi Shota

12

Onodera Yuma, Tachikawa Taisei,
Suganuma Kotaro , Maehata Sou, Muraoka Koki,
Yamasaki Taishi, Suzuki Souma

13

11

12

13

How dose sound affect learning
Biol. Iuquiry-Based Study of Science and Mathematics biology
subjects
Validation of the Competition Exclusion Rule to track
Biol.
P.caudatum and P.auerlia Populations
Chem.

Decomposition of organic matter by photocatalytic reactionof titanium oxidation TiO2

No. 1
Searching for the best move of Othello
Shimizu Kaisei, Ogino Ko, Akashi Masaki
Ab s t r a c t
W e became interested in Othello and began researching it to find thebest way to do it. We put out 73 games in Othello of 4×4 squares. Also,
among them, there were only 16 games of victory for the black player.
1. Introduction
W e b e c a m e i n t e r e s t e d i n O t h e l l o a n d s t a r t e d t h i s s t u d y. H o w e v e r , i t w a s
difficult to find out with Othello with 8 ×8 squares, so we decided toinvestigate with 4×4 squares of Othello.
2. Method
The squares are represented by a, b, c, and d from left to right, and 1,
2, 3, and 4 from the top to the bottom. W e tried to put out all the games of
4 × 4 Othello.

3. Results
T h e r e w e r e 7 3 g a m e s t h a t c o u l d b e p r o d u c e d , o f wh i c h o n l y 1 6 w e r e
g a m e s i n w h i c h b l a c k p l a ye r w o n . T h e c o m m o n p o i n t w h e n b l a c k p l a y e r
w o n i s t h a t w h i t e p l a ye r w a s s k i p p e d . W he n t h e r e i s a w h i t e p l a y e r ’ s p a s s ,the black player wins or draws except after the black player’s pass.
4. Discussion
W he n t h e r e i s a w h i t e p l a y e r ’ s p a s s , e x c e p t a f t e r t h e b l a c k p l a y e r ’ s p a s s ,b l a c k p l a y e r w i n s o r d r a w s . I t i s t h o u g h t t h a t t h e p a s s o f wh i t e p l a y e r h a s
a g r e a t i n f l u e n c e o n t h e v i c t o r y o f b l a c k p l a y e r . C u r r e n t l y, b l a c k p l a y e r i s
considered to be disadvantageous because there are few patterns inwhich black player wins.
5. Conclusion
W e f o u n d c o m m o n g r o u n d t h a t m i g h t l e a d t o t h e b e s t i n t h i s s t u d y, b u t w e
couldn't go any further.
6. References
Othello! Learn Othello with JAPAN Othello AI https://www.othello.org/eval/
T o k yo D e n k i U n i v e r s i t y 4 × 4 F u l l - h a n d a n a l y s i s
http://www.net.c.dendai.ac.jp/~ksuzuki/

No.2
Disassembly of a sine wave
Horiguchi Kosuke and Hashimoto Sho
Abstract
When converting a sine wave into multiple smaller sine waves, we looked for patterns in thedecomposition of the waves. However, they concluded that there were multiple patterns inwave decomposition, making it difficult to determine the type ofwave.
1.Introduction
We hypothesized that if we did the opposite with sine wave, we
could create multiple smaller waves from a single wave in a single
operation.
2.Theory and Experiment
Composition of sine wave
y=sin(θ+α)← parallel shift by αbreak down to->sinθcosα+cosθsinα->sin(θ-α)cosα+cos(θ-α)sinα← parallel shift by -α(sinα and cosα are constant number, so no parallel shift)
In this case, sinα and cosα need to be generalized because the expression of the wave to be
decomposed changes depending on the value of α.
The sine and cosine terms created by decomposition are converted to a number sequence
to make it easier to find the law. In doing so, the sin term is set to 1 and the cos term is set to0.
We wrote a C++ program to generate them efficiently and accurately. We also attempted touse the Fourier series expansion method.
3.Result
The features we had expected appeared when the sine wave was decomposed, but the lawof one set of waves could not be found. In addition, the sine wave could not be decomposed
into multiple waves due to an incorrect understanding of the Fourier series expansion.
4.Consideration
The previous results suggest that there may be multiple decomposition patterns when
decomposing into three or more waves, and that it may not be possible to identify whichwave is being decomposed, or that a law may exist with the inclusion of multiple patterns ofthat wave.
5.Conclusion
The results so far indicate that when decomposing into three or more waves, there may be
multiple decomposition patterns, and it may not be possible to identify which wave is being
decomposed or contain multiple patterns for that wave.
We would like to investigate how many combinations of the number of waves are created
when decomposed as described earlier.
6.References
Math ⅡTextbook
1. vector representation of sine wave - Hobbyist's Blog
https://suzumushi0.hatenablog.com/entry/2017/06/10/083029
2. Graphing GeoGebra
https://www.geogebra.org

No.3
Frobenius coin exchange problem
Kobayashi Ayumu
Abstract
In the Frobenius coin exchange problem to find the largest natural number that cannot be madewith 𝑛 different natural numbers,
the largest natural number that cannot be made with two kinds of natural numbers, 𝑎 and 𝑏(𝑎 and 𝑏 are coprime numbers), is found to be (𝑎𝑏 − 𝑎 − 𝑏).
Because the method to find the largest natural number that cannot be made with three kinds ofnatural numbers is not be found, I tried to find the method. Eventually, I found a theorem that holds
under certain conditions.
1.Definitions
The solution to this problem is called a Frobenius number.
Let a, b, and c be natural numbers that are coprime numbers no matter which two numbers arechosen, and let 3 ≤ 𝑎 < 𝑏 < 𝑐. Let 𝑝, 𝑞, and 𝑟 be nonnegative integers.
Let F(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) be the largest one among 𝑁 such that there is no 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟 satisfying 𝑎𝑝 + 𝑏𝑞 + 𝑐𝑟 = 𝑁(𝑁 is a natural number). F(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) coincides with the Frobenius number.
It is defined similarly for the 2-numbers 𝑎 and 𝑏.
The following congruence formula is modulo 𝑎
2. Known Theorems
Theorem 1:F(𝑎, 𝑏)= 𝑎𝑏 − 𝑎 − 𝑏.
Theorem 2:𝑏, 2𝑏, . . . , (𝑎 − 1)𝑏 divided by 𝑎, respectively, are all different.
3. Found Theorem
Theorem 3: Ｆ（𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐)≠F（𝑎, 𝑏) ⇒ ｃ ≦Ｆ（𝑎, 𝑏) ∩ ｂ ≢ ｃ𝑎𝑐
Theorem 4: When ｂ + 𝑐 is a multiple of 𝑎、𝑘 = ⌈𝑏+𝑐⌉ then F（𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐)=max｛(𝑘 −1)𝑏 − 𝑎,(𝑎 − 𝑘)𝑐 − 𝑎｝.
𝑎−1𝑏 ≡ 𝑛𝑐 (n: the smallest natural number satisfying this) and 𝑚 = ⌈ 𝑛 ⌉.
Then the following theorems 5 and 6 hold.
Theorem 5: If

𝑎−1
𝑛
𝑎−1

is an integer and (𝑚 − 1)𝑏-(𝑛 − 1)c≥0, then F(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐)= (𝑚 − 1)𝑏 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑐 − 𝑎.

Theorem 6: If 𝑛 is not an integer and 𝑚𝑏 + (𝑎 − 𝑚𝑛)𝑐≥0,
then F(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐)= (𝑚 − 2)𝑏 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑐 − 𝑎.

No.4
Rubik's Cube's hand that is possible to solve and impossible.
Nagata Mutsuki
Abstract
If there are "two compatible pieces that do not change the position of the other pieces","edge pieces oriented an odd number of times", and "certain four center pieces only turned
90°", they cannot be aligned.
1. introduction
When solving a Rubik's Cube, there is an unusual arrangement. When this is found, it is
known that it is impossible to solve the puzzle once it is disassembled. Here, the question
arises, "Why is it not possible to solve the cube with that arrangement?" and "What kinds ofarrangements are there that cannot be solved?
2.Thorry
Given a 90-degree rotation of a certain surface as shown in the lower left figure, bothedges and corners are compatible with σ = (1,4)(2,4)(3,4). From this it follows that "theevenness of the compatibility of edges and corners is congruent.""Rotating 90 degrees is odd substitution." We cansee that this is the case. We can now examine theevenness and oddness of the pieces.
3. Result
Assume that only two points of an edge are compatible, as shownin the figure on the left. Edges are odd substitutions with σ=(1,3).
Corners are even substitutions since they have never been
compatible. This is inconsistent with the statement "Even and odd interchangeability ofedges and corners is consistent." Therefore, there is no such thing as only two points
4. Keyword
The Rubik's Cube itself is called a cube. Each of its individual blocks is called a piece.
The corner pieces of the cube (the pieces with three colored elements) are called corners or
corner pieces.The pieces on the sides of the cube (the pieces with two colored elements)
are called edges or edge pieces.A piece in the center of the face of the cube (a piece with
only one color) is called a center, or center piece.
5.References
・https://manabitimes.jp/math/949「置換の基礎（互換・偶置換・奇置換・符号の意味）」
・https://oguemon.com/study/linear-algebra/transposition/「【行列式編】互換の求め方と置換の符号」
・https://www.daaokacubeblog.com/4651/「ルービックキューブが”絶対に揃わないパターン”の対処・分解方法」
・https://tribox.com/3x3x3/solution/notation/「3x3x3 回転記号」

No.5
How to optimal ventilate the classroom
Ogasawara Kohei Hattori Yusei Takahata Kota
abstract
We researched methods for optimal ventilation of classrooms. From theresults, it was found that if the window is opened with a width of 20 cm and thewindow is arranged so that it is diagonal, the wind is not too strong and theefficiency is improved .
MEXT recommends that classrooms should be ventilated with windows
between 10cm to 20 cm while keeping the window opening along the diagonal.
Therefore, we wanted to examine which window width is the most eff icient.
W indows the numbers① to④ on the window
where the wind enters . The routes withlong distances between windows are ②
and ④ ,and the short routes are① and③ .
Measure by opening the side where thewind comes out fully and changing the width of the window where the windenters to 10 cm, 20 cm, and 40 cm. At same time, three differenceparts top, middle and bottom of window was measur ed where the entered.
Graph1

Fast, W ind speed depending on the width of thewindow to be blown in the wind speeds were larger thanMa xi mu m wi nd speed

in Graph 1 in the order of 40 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm.
however, if the maximum wind speed exceeds 3.0 m/s,
A4 size paper will fly. Dance. In other words, a window

G cr ma p/ sh 2

width of 40 cm is not suitable and, you can see thatAi r v o l u me p e r wi n d o w
wi dt hthe window width of 40 cm is the most efficient, and thesecond is 20 cm.
cm/s

When the air volume for each window width was
calculated from the average for each window width, it increased by 40 cm, 20
cm, and 10 cm in that order. However, with a window width of 40 cm, the windspeed may exceed 3.0 m ∕ s, which is not suitable for classro oms that handle
printing. Next, the window width of 20 cm, which is more efficient, has a gentle
wind speed and is suitable for ventilation.
It was found that it was best to open the windows to a width of 20 cm andopen the windows so that they were diagonal to ventilate the classroom.
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology website .
Keywords： ventilation, transom window, MEXT

No.6
Creation and analysis of seismic cross -section display tool
Akiyama Sakitoshi Okawa Naoto Kotaka Nozomu Matsunaga Ryouta
abstract
Geology textbooks contain seismic cross sections for the Tohoku region, but notfor other regions, for example the Kanto region. Therefore, to investigate the
Kanto region, we decided to create a tool to display seismic cross sections.
By using JMA earthquake data from 1983 to 2020 , we created a tool to display
epicenter cross-sections at any location in Japan . Through epicenter crosssections around the Kanto area we could investigate its characteristic s. On the
North American plate side, a relatively large number of M1 -3 earthquakes wereobserved, while on the Pacific plate side, large earthquakes of M5 -7 magnitude
occurred. We were able to create a tool to obtain the epicenter cross -section by
specifying latitude and longitude. We could see the subduction of the PacificPlate and Double Seismic plane of deep Earthquakes(DSE). We were able todeepen our understanding of the subduction between plates.

Epicenter cross section
M7over
138.5
0

139

139.5

M5-7
140

M3-5
140.5

M1-3
141

M1以下
141.5

142

142.5

143

20
40
60

North American Plate

80

Pacific plate100

Fig1.Epicenter cross section East -west direction, vertical column=depth(km)horizontal column=longitude
Keywords: seismic, earthquake, Kanto, cross section
References
JMAhttps://www.jma.go.jp/jma/index.html
GSIhttps://www.gsi.go.jp/

No.7
Temperature in the Matsuyama high school building
Inoue Taisei Kanda Yuta
Abstract
The difference in temperature on each floor of the school building wasmeasured. The 4th floor is 2.5°C in summer and 1.0°C in winter.
1. Introduction
I felt that the temperature was rising as the floor of the school building went
up in my normal school life. W hen I actually measured the temperature, I foundthat there was a large temperature difference between the first floor and thefourth floor, and I was curious why there was such a temperature difference inthe same building, so I decided to study it.
2. Theory and Experiment
Specifically, in order to investigate the differen ce in temperature between
floors, we measured each floor under the same conditions.
condition
Measure 30 cm away from the edge of the sink near the center of each floor.
In order not to be affected by radiant heat from walls, etc., a simple Stevenson
screen was made and measured.
校舎１階と４階の気温
40

3. Results (Fig. 1)
The 4th floor is higher than the
1st floor
The difference is greater insummer than in winter

35

30
25

20
15
10
5月1日

5月31日

6月30日

7月30日

8月29日

9月28日 10月28日 11月27日

4. Investigation
On the 4th floor, heated air rises.
It is considered to be the highest. It is thought that the temperature differenceis larger in summer.
In addition, it is thought that the temperature of the building will be higher on
the upper floors.
４階

１階

5. Conclusion
The temperature on the 4th floor is always the highest compared to Fig. 1,
and the difference in temperature between the 1st floor and the 4th floor insummer is 2.5°C.
The difference between the first and fourth floors in winter was 1.0°C, and thetemperature difference was larger in summer.

No.8
ANALYSING WIRE MESHED PANELS FOR SOUNDPROOFING
Nakamura Tomoaki

Nisio Kouki Sato Shin

1.Abstract
We experimented to discover the optimal processing. Three types of walls werecreated and the soundproofing performance of each was measured
2.Introduce
Noting a noise problem with a neighbor, we wondered if it would be possible to block
the sound by processing the wall.
3. Fabrication• Soundproofing walls were created using plastic boards. (275×200×150mm)• Wire (1.00 mm thick) was attached around the soundproofing walls, three types ofsoundproof walls were created.

No processing

Square Wire Mesh

Diamond Wire Mesh

4.Results

Wire meshing panels enhance soundproofing performance.
Diamond wire meshing outperforms square wire meshing.
5.Conclusion
Larger areas per unit in square wire meshing leads to less effective control overvibrations as greater nodal points are present in a unit area
Therefore, choosing diamond wire meshing can lead to better soundproofing outcomes.
6.Future work
Different Meshing patterns need to studied and analyzed for optimal soundproofing
under various sound frequencies

No.9
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS ON PERFORMANCE OF WIND TURBINE
Yamada Yuto Chikamatsu Ubu Imachi Naoto
Abstract
We created a wind power generation which modeled after a toy windmill. Then
we measured the voltage s for each size of the windmill with Voltage Measuring
Device we made. As a result, the voltage output generally increased withincreasing size.
１ . Introduction
At the beginning of the research, we focused on the shape of blades used inwind power generation and tried to investigate the shape of blades with thehighest power generation efficiency by varying conditions such as mass, length,
and thickness. However, conducting the control experiment was so difficult. Then
we saw a windmill that is known as a toy was rotating well and thought that it
could be used for wind power generation. We want to make a generator that canmade at home. The purpose of the experiment was to find out the size of bladesthat can generate highest voltage output.
２ . Experiment
Experimental tools: ARDUINO MEGA, B4 size plastic sheet , DC motor, Fan,
Gearbox, Screw, Hex nut, Washer, Fixing Stand① We cut plastic sheets into square one by one. (10~25 cm on a side)
Also, we cut it diagonally and made five holes.
② Molded into the shape of the windmill by using ascrew, hex nuts and a washer (Fig1). We combined
the DC motor and windmill by gearbox (Fig2).
③ We measured and recorded voltage every 100 ms
for 40 second by using Voltage Measuring Device
that was made of ARDUINO MEGA. Also, we
conducted five measurements for each case.
３ . Results and Discussions
The results are displayed on the right (Fig3).
The voltage increased in correspondence withsize of the windmill, eventually changing became
gradual. At 22 and 25 cm, Average voltage wassmaller than that of previous size, respectively.
This is because we couldn't record the voltage
outputs beyond 5 V.
４ . Prospects
We want to examine the durability of windmill under various operating
conditions and to find the optimum size of the turbine blade under variable
environmental conditions .

No.10Development of disaster relief robots
Matsumura Hiroto Oshima Yusei Suzuki Yutaka
Abstract
We thought could help people safely by using robot, so we built a robot and simulated
disaster relief. The first robot was able to clear obstacles and hills, and the second robot wasable to Newly clear the line tracing and the gap.
1.Purpose
The experiment will produce a traveling robot that can be used for driving on bumpy roads
and for rescue operations in dangerous places with obstacles.
2.Method
We ran the robot we created and looked for problems with it. Afterwards,
We modified and discussed it.
3.Result

Unit1
Unit2

Line
tracing△〇

SlopesObstacles

Steps

Gaps

Rescue

〇
〇

〇
〇

△
×

△
〇

×
×

Color
recognition△
×

4.Consideration
The two line sensors should have been placed farther apart from each other and behind therobot. The tires are caught on bumps due to low friction and low force. Therefore, it isnecessary to make the robot four-wheel drive or to increase the friction of the tires. Since therobot may not recognize colors, a partition was placed in the center of the camera to increase
the accuracy of color recognition.
5.References
RoboCupJunior Rescue Line Rules 2023
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PI0GsebXnERuf9wkfluzqqQl5AeuVzgX/view
6.Key words
Line tracing Programming
7.Appendices
C-Style for e-Gadget

Robot

RescueNo.11How dose sound affect cognition?
Iuquiry-Based Study of Science and Mathematics biology subjects
Machi kai Yamazaki eisuke Yamada taku
Abstract
With the help of Matsuyama High School 2nd grade class 8 students, we compared thepresence and absence of sound during learning. This study revealed that listening to sounds
increases workload and decreases memorization ability. Additionally, there were differencesin the experimental results between those who had the habit of listening to sounds whilelearning and those who did not.
1. Introduction
Many people think that it is better not to listen to music or other sounds when studying.
Therefore, we investigated whether sound affects learning. We compared and considered
whether there is a difference in the effects of listening to music when studying and those who
do not.
2. Method
We created questions to test calculation ability, workload, and memorization ability, and had
our students solve the problems with and without listening to sound. The average correct
answer rate for the three questions was calculated.
Experiment 1-① Questions to test calculation ability
Total: 28 people, 9 people with habits, 19 people without habits
Experiment 1-② Questions to check the amount of work
Total: 27 people, 9 people with habits, 18 people without habits
Experiment 2 Questions to test memorization ability
Total: 24 people, 9 people with habits, 15 people without habits
3. Results
Table 1 Average correct answer rate for Experiment 1-① Table 2 Average correct answer rate for Experiment 1②Table 3 Average correct answer rate for Experiment 2

4. Discussion
arithmetic and simple, rudimentary tasks are not affected based on whether or not students
have the habit of listening to music while learning, and people who have a habit will face noreal impact while those who have on habit will produce a lower quality of Memorization.
5. Conclusion
People who have a habit of listening to sounds while studying may not be affected by thesounds of insects. It is said that people who have a habit will experience a decline in thequality of their input if they listen to the sounds of insects.
6. References
1. Mizuki TAKAKU and Shimpei IKEGAMI(2022)「The effect of background music on theimpressions of work:

An online experimental study focusing on multitasking habit」2. Yohei

Shimanuki, Kotaro Goto (2018)「Do different types of sounds affect concentration?」3.
Yoshihiro Tokue, Fumiko Imamura2022)「Effects of hearing diverse orthoptera sounds onhuman psychology」
7．keyword
Sound learning, calculation ability, amount of work, memorization ability, input

No.12
Validation of the Competition Exclusion Rule to track P.caudatum and P.auerlia
Populations
Yutaro Takei, Tatuki Ito, Shota Okochi,Science and Mathematics Explorations II, Biology
Abstract: In order to investigate whether the Competition Exclusion Rule is really valid for P.caudatum
and Paurelia, an experiment was conducted in which both species were mixed and cultured together tobe compared with the mono-culture testing cases. We acquired one of the paramecium species fromour school's laboratory and another from a university, and both were maintained under normal habitat
conditions until the experiments were conducted, one using Ebios solution and the other using barleytea. The results of this experiment showed that, overall, the number of P.caudatum increased while thethat of Paurelia decreased. The number of P.caudatum also exceeded the number of Paurelia when
cultured alone. All in all, the population of the P.aurelia did not override the other species, and it did not
end up surviving.

Introduction:

Although the Competition Exclusion Rule applied toP.caudatum and Paurelia is often discussed in textbooks and reference
books as an example of interspecific competition, we were unable to findany literature describing this type of experiment. Hence, we had no basis toformulate a hypothesis. The Competition Exclusion Rule states that when
two species are placed in the same environment and under the same feeding
conditions, there will be one population that overtakes the other, leading to
the possibility of extinction. We began this study to see if this law
really holds true.

Theory and Experiment: P.caudatum and P.aurelia were cultured in self-made test tubes andobserved for nine days, and the volume of the species was counted each day. The test tubes were
stoppered with cotton swabs, and three tubes were prepared for each category. Our incubatortemperature was set at 25 degrees Celsius throughout this project. For the first experiment, theparamecium samples were monocultured with the ebiosu solution, and then we conducted a mixed
culture test, with the same liquid solution, where both samples were in the same environment. The
microscope allowed us to make observations and tabulate the population each day until the testing was
concluded. For the second experiment, the same procedures were carried out, except a barley tea
solution was used. This allowed us to compare the monoculture and the mixed culture testing whenworking with each liquid solution.

Results: The results of Experiments 1 and 2 areshown in Figures 5 through 8 below. Where
experiments were conducted in monoculture andmixed culture methods, the number of P.caudatum
was higher than that of the other species.

Discussion:In this experiment, overall, the numberof P.caudatum was higher than that of P.aurelia for
all test cases noted. The reasons for this result may
be due to the difference in the culture medium andmanagement methods compared to the experimentconducted by Gause.

Conclusion: This experiment showed that the P.aurelia does not necessarily survive when it iscultured in a mixture with P.caudatum.

References:
1. Begon, M. et al. "Ecology Original Book 4th Edition"
2. Ecological Society of Japan. Introduction to Ecology Tokyo Science Doujin.1 Apr. 2012. 2007.
3. Gause, George Francis, and Yoshida, Toshiharu. Competition for Survival. Shisosha. 1981.
4. Hiramatsu, Shigeru () "A study on long-term rearing of Paramecium and its uses teaching materials"
5. Maruoka, Sadao (2005). "Protists as teaching materials (3) - Paramecium II"
6. Maruoka, Tei (2004). "Protists as teaching materials (2) - Paramecium I."
7. Ohata, Keiko (Owari) and Ishida, Masaki (2012). Hariyama, Takahiko, Koyanagi, Mitsumasa, Yoshi, Masakatsu, Senoo, Kei.
Tsukasa, Osamu, Koizumi,Japanese Society of Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry"Animal Breeding Taught by Researchers Volume 1 Elephant" Live worms, hydra, shellfish, shrimp, etc."
8. Shiga Science Teaching Materials Research Committee. Easy Illustrated Handbook of Japanese Freshwater Plankton. Shiga
Science Teaching Materials. Research Committee.

Keywords: Competitive Exclusion Rule, P,caudatum, P.aurelia, mixed culture, monoculture

No.13
Decomposition of organic matter by photocatalytic reaction
Yuma Onodera, Kotaro Suganuma, Taisei Tachikawa, Taishi Yamazaki, Soma Suzuki,
Sou Maehata, Koki Muraoka
Abstract
Titanium oxide is known to clean solutions when exposed to ultraviolet light. Therefore, we
studied how to increase this absorbance.
In addition, it was thought that the degree of charring of the board was also related to theresearch process.
1.

introduction
The motivation for this research was that we thought it would be possible to purify thepond. In the previous literature, it was said that titanium dioxide plates adsorb organic
matter when exposed to ultraviolet rays, so we decided to test TiO2 with copper or nickel.

2.

way
TiO2, ethanol, and PEG mixed are in equal proportions and applied to glass slides andfired in an electron furnace. The calcined product is placed in a methylene blue solution,
the absorbance of the solution irradiated with ultraviolet rays are compared before
irradiation are compared.

3.

result（illustration１）（illustration２）

There was not much change overall even when metal was loaded, in these experiments.
Nickel and copper did not decrease absorbance, significantly.
From Figure 1, there was not much variation. As with the metal support, the absorbance wasmeasured using burnt slide, but there was not much change.
4.

consideration

There was not much change in absorbance when the titanium plate was charred and when it wasnot. In addition, there was little change in absorbance when nickel or copper were loaded. From
this, it is considered that the change in absorbance was not related to scorching supporting metals
we tested. It was mostly related to TiO2