New Lifestyles Offered by
Next Generation Mobility
Nobutoshi Horie
Environmental Policy Division, Road Transport Bureau
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism(MLIT)
February 7, 2014
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

Challenges Faced by JapanFor the society as a whole, serious issues are piling up・・・・•

Change in Social Structure（aging, population decline, lifestyle change）––•

In 2050, number of people age 65 years or older will double (approximately 40%), age 15 years or younger
will be half (approximately 8%), and total population decrease by 20% (95 million).
Car usage among young people is decreasing (but increasing among the elderly and housewives)

Public transportation becomes less profitable, leading to service retreat–••Decrease in passenger transportation demand (low birthrate and aging, lifestyle change, increase of private
car use)– Profit structure breaks down for the public transportation business, leading to reduced service (localrailways, buses and island ferry service)
What can we do for theStructural Change in Cities and Localities
next generation・・・?
– Tokyo overconcentration and sprawling; density decline– Difficulty of urban restructuring (difficulty of vision sharing, consensus building, and financing)

Fiscal tightness and decrease in working population––•

Government and local bonds: Already exceeds 1,100 trillion yen(approximately 8,900,000 yen / person)
Working population may go below 50 million in the year 2050

Demands for reduction of environmental load and energy usage––

CO2 : 25% reduction by 2020, 80% reduction by 2050
Post-earthquake planning centered on renewable energy and development of a society with reduced
energy consumption→ In case that these problems are left, the expansion of transportation gap and loss of means of transportation would be spread further . That is thebasis of all economic and social activity. There is fear that it would disturb sustainability of city, ensuring and improving the quality of citizens life .
→In the field of “manufacturing cars”, “developing city”, and “raising humanity(life style).”, we need new idea and future vision those are innovativeand harmonizing each other.

2Drastic Energy Saving thru Micro Mobility• To achieve mid to long term energy conservation goals in the automotive sector, fuel efficiency

improvement and spread of EV use are a must.
• To accelerate widespread EV use, there is need for success cases that highlight their value, as wellas introduction of a new category of vehicles (micro mobility) that overcomes the weaknesses of EV
and suits actual user needs.

MJ/Km

2.5

Fuel efficiency drasticallyimproved, but reachedtheoretical limit.

Weakness of EV

Greater EV use isessential to achieve the2050 target of 80%
reduction from 1990 levels

21.5

Limited driving range withcurrent battery technology
for ordinary size vehicle

Actual vehicle usage×Occupancy is 1~2
60% is within 10kmuse

Compact and lightweight ‘New Category’ vehicle for 1~2
occupants can achieve drastic improvement in fuelefficiency without compromising the freedom ofmovement or economic activity.
activity1

0.50Gas VehicleGas Vehicle(2000)(2011)

Hybrid(2011)EV

MicroMobility

Comparison of Energy Consumption

Carmakers’ creative innovation andregulatory reform3

Merits to society, Micro Mobility brings～for elders and Raising kids family support , touring and etc.～～○Micro Mobility offers many social merits such as transportation support for elderly people andchild-rearing families, as well as tourism promotion.

Tourism promotion

Affinity with pedestrian◎ Improves access to narrow alleys andfacilitates roving, allowing visitors to stopby at more places.
◎ Increases the charm of the tourist
destination by assisting the users todiscover their natural surroundings (likethe sound of a small river) and othertourism resources◎ Its compact size allows for sufficientdistance from pedestrians, contributing
to a safe walking environment.
Advanced safety features are alsoanticipated.
◎ Enables better communication
between pedestrians and drivers,changing how cars and people interact.

Mobility support for elderlies
and child-rearing families◎ Offers more opportunities to go out
and improves communication for seniorcitizens and people of all ages
◎ Provides daily transportation support
for child-rearing families (shopping,commuting, and driving children toschool)

Micro mobility vehicles
with various concepts
will provide new means ofdaily transportation andsmall-scale goods
distribution that are handy
and easy to control

Improved efficiency in smallscale goods distribution◎ Improves efficiency and service insmall-scale goods distribution bystreamlining shipping routes andmethods◎ Achieves efficient deliveries by allowing
the use of narrow space in overcrowded
4
downtown areas

Micro Mobility Introduction and Promotion

2014 Budget ：200 million yen

Micro Mobility is “new category” vehicle for the aging society. It improves energy efficiency in transportation and provides
all generations, including senior citizens, with a new local handy means of transportation, enhancing the quality of life andmobility. To promote widespread use and establishment of related systems, MLIT offers intensive support to initiatives for
micro mobility introduction integrated with local government-led community development efforts, which will lead toexamples of successful introduction and widespread public acceptance.
Innovative proposal for the age of declining population and aging society ～significancesignificance of New Mobility～
Mobility① New mode of transportation that provides mobility support to child-rearing families and elderly people→ Promotes low-carbon and intensive city development② Vitalizes and promotes tourism and the local economy.
③ Energy saving ・lower CO2 emission④ Creates new market and demands* In collaboration with the “Pioneer Project for Urban Environment
Development” by the City Bureau and the “Environmental Stock
Utilization Project “ by the Housing Bureau

Micro Mobility (concept)
Micro Mobility:
Compact than normal car, one – two passenger, convenient local transportation(Energy consumption is 1/6 of normal car and ½ of electric car)）

MLIT offers intensive support to initiatives for micro mobility introduction
integrated with local government-led community development efforts.
Subsidizes 1/2 the cost of vehicle introduction, project planning and evaluation （1/3 for privatesector)※ Supports excellent plans chosen by open application system and evaluation by third party specialists

Acceleration ofefforts

MLIT surveys micro mobility
usage in Japan and abroad,
identifies solutions toregional problems, anddisseminates the information
to those who are interested
in micro mobility.

Tangible Effects
Offer opportunities for many people to see and drive the micro mobility vehicles,
allowing them to feel the new style of transport, and the joy of participating inecological practices in daily life and in tourism.
Promote widespread public acceptance though successful examples.

Related regulations such as type classification are to be established after social acceptance of micro mobility.
Create markets for micro mobility.

5Introduction of Micro Mobility: Example 1
Setouchi Triennale 2013 (Kagawa Prefecture)○In Setouchi Triennale 2013, tourists visiting Teshima Island were provided Micro Mobility forsightseeing of the island.
○Teshima Island does not have sufficient means of transportation on the island. Offering of theadvanced technology is expected to attract many tourists who are interested in the technology
itself.
Overview of the Micro Mobility introduction area

Teshima Art Museum

Introducing type： NISSAN New Mobility Concept」○Basic Concept is ”Contemporary
art×Micro Mobility”. Micro mobility
was introduced in the summer andautumn terms of Setouchi
Triennale 2013 .
○ Seeking energy self-sufficiency,
Teshima Island plans charge themicro mobility by solar power
generated on the island.

Ieura-beachFormer Kousei elementary school

TOYO Olive6

Introduction of Micro Mobility: Example 2
Advanced Introduction of Micro Mobility at Koshiki Island, Satsuma Sendai City
• Micro mobility will be made available by local community councils, public facilities and rental car
companies as means of transportation for elderly people, tourists and child-rearing families, allowing
many people to experience micro mobility.
• Seamless public transportation network will be offered by EV rental cars and EV shuttle buses
serving between Sendai station and Sendai port.

• Trial use and events can eliminate
the peoples’ fears about EV’s limited
travel distance and ability to climb
slopes.
• The test results will feed studies on
the next steps, such as further
infrastructure development tofacilitate micro mobility, as well as
expansion of the program scope tomainland Japan.

Area to be served by Micro Mobility
Micro mobility drive throughthe old samurai residencial district

Driving down narrow alleys

Sato

さと

かみこしきKashima

かしまKamikoshiki

Koshiki Island COMS Relay Marathon competes forthe longest travel distance until battery runs out.

しもこしきShimokoshiki

To Attain Autonomous Spread of Micro Mobility
Survey & analyze the Micro Mobility Introduction Projects implemented in Japan on theireffectiveness and problems faced; identify the most suitable uses and methods to resolve
local issues; and develop universal introduction models suitable for micro mobility.
Case Study of Projects in Japan
One-way car sharing in central
Tokyo (Yokohama City)

Supplement to urban public
transportation (Toyoda City)

Collaboration with Smart
Community (Saitama City)

To develop universal introductory models that can be applied abroad, there is need toconduct case studies on micro mobility usage in Europe, where introduction of micro mobility
is already in progress, and to understand the differences in traffic environment, government
support, etc.
Overseas Case Study Study actual usage and government support measures in 5 European nations.
FranceDevelop a Universal
Introductory Model for
Micro Mobility

SpainItaly

Germany

EnglandEstablish vehicle categories, system and regulations once
micro mobility use becomes widespread and socially
8accepted.

Roles of the Community: Key Points
Raising Awareness;
Offering Opportunities◎ Maximize local leadership;
Present vision• Present new visions that highlight theadvantages of micro mobility, rediscovery oflocal features and/or solutions to problems(principles & specifics).
• Re-examine regional traffic plans; develop ofvisions for regional vitalization and communityregeneration.
• Provide information to local stakeholders(residents, NPOs, businesses); propose newlifestyles• Collaborate with developers, shopping districts,transportation and tourism sectors◎ Provide venue for many citizens toexperience micro mobility first hand

• Advanced/trial introduction; raiseawareness among residents• Town meetings

Certification to Drive on Public Roads◎ Establish systems for
implementation & control

・Drivable areas and project plans
・Management/control systems
・Systems to implement safety measures

Proactive Introduction andIntroduction Support◎ Introduce micro mobility to regionaltransportation and public services• “Comprehensive mobility service that is seamless anduniversal,” incorporating other modes of transportation(bicycle, bus, LRT, etc.)• Proactive use of micro mobility for government vehicles,local patrol cars, etc.
• Car sharing service in tourism• Doctor home visit service, and other public services◎Offer subsidies to localities adopting
micro mobility

Creating Environment to Promote Micro
Mobility Use and New Lifestyles(New community development, achievement of ideals)◎ Offer opportunities for people to go places;

spark local activities; regenerate local industries;provide ways for people to rediscover the region,commercial facilities and tourism resources.
◎ Collaborate to develop living environment andspace that promote harmony and mutual support
among all generations.
◎ Create roads and parking areas that allow
pedestrians, bicycles and micro mobility vehicles
to coexist in harmony.

9In Closing: Community Development Using Micro Mobility○MLIT will promote integrated efforts toward sustainable community development, such as

propagating the use of micro mobility and other environment-friendly cars, achieving low carbon
in urban centers, aggregating urban functions, and adopting measures for the aging society.
○MLIT will continue to promote infrastructure development for micro mobility as well as
introduction of micro mobility integrated with zero-energy housing. Its goal is to create the next
generation transportation system, improve the quality of life and transportation for the elderly andchild-rearing families, and regenerate the regional economy.
Social Impacts of New Mobility*1 In collaboration with the “Pioneer Project for Urban Environment Development” by the City Bureau*2 In collaboration with the “Environmental Stock Utilization Project “ by the Housing Bureau(“Guideline for Introduction of Micro Mobility”, June 2012)

For short distance (< 5km)
daily transportation→ Offers new mode of transportation and mobility support to child-rearing
families and senior citizens for daily transportation needs such as shopping,
community activities and commuting to work or school.
→ Vitalizes the local community by energizing human movement and interaction→ Optimizes traffic systems and supports the creation of a compact community
when integrated with public transportation.

As convenient mode oftransportation around tourist spots
and downtown shopping districts→ Allows users to stop by at more places and in a broader area, thereby
improving the ability to rove and assisting the rediscovery of local attractions.
→ Enhances the charm of the tourist attraction and attracts more visitors.
→ Adds value to the region through enhanced harmony with nature and the city.

Small delivery or porter service→ Solves the issue of illegal parking by delivery trucks→ Improves efficiency of small scale/intraregional distribution of goods→ Achieves efficient small-scale shipping, leading to better service

Nature Sites:
Roving traffic

Downtown/Tourist Sites:
Roving traffic

Mountainous areas:
Daily traffic

Suburban areas:
Daily traffic

Downtown:
Efficient Delivery
Large urban developmentareas: Daily traffic

10THANK YOU