IEEJ : July 2013
Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Cristiano Augusto Trein
Ministry of Mines and Energy - BRAZIL
Secretariat for Energy Planning and Development
Energy Development DivisionTokyo – June, 2013

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Brazilian Power Grid and General Information
BRAZIL2

EUROPE

3,900 kmBrazil (2009)• Population: 191 millions• GDP: US$ 1,746 billions• EE Costumer unities: 65.5 mi• Installed Capacity: 112.5 GW• High Voltage Transmission: 97,349 km• Electricity Consumption: 426.0 TWh
Sources: BEN 2009, Resenha Energética 2010, PDE 2019, IBGE, ANP, MME, IPEAData

3

Demography

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

million

Demographic Projections
PER CAPITA INCOME
US$ [2005] per capita

2005
2030

4,301
9,125

4,824

POPULATION
Million inhabitants

2005
2030
Population

Annual growth rate

∆ Population2005-2030= 53 million, comparable with
Spain (2008)
46 million

Sources: IBGE, 2008 and PNE 2030

Northeastern region(Brazil)
52 million

France(2008)
65 million

185
238

53

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Energy Policy Guidelines

Guidelines for the Brazilian Energy Policy

Energy Security
Reasonable consumer tariffs
Service availability for the entire population
Regulatory framework stability
Strengthening of planning
Energy matrix diversification and renewables usage
National energy integration
National technological development
Concern about social‐environmental constraints

4

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Energy Policy Guidelines

Guidelines for the Brazilian Energy Policy

Energy Security
Reasonable consumer tariffs
Service availability for the entire population
Regulatory framework stability
Strengthening of planning
Energy matrix diversification and renewables usage
National energy integration
National technological development
Concern about social‐environmental constraints

5

Energy and sustainability

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil

6

Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Building the future energy mix
Energy Efficiency

Technological Inovation

Hidropower Platform
Biofuels
Bioeletricticity
Hidrogen
Urban Solid Wastes
Solar PVElectric Power Transmission
PROCEL

Programa
Nacional deConservação deEnergia Elétrica

PBE

Programa Nacional de
Racionalização do Uso
dos Derivados do
Petróleo e do Gás
NaturalPrograma
Brasileiro deEtiquetagem

Overview: Energy Planning

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Energy Planning
Strategic VisionLong‐term studies
Long‐term(up to 30 years)

National Energy Plan
National Energy Matrix

Programming
Short and medium term
studies (up to 10 years)

Monitoring
1 to 3‐Year Perspective
3‐YearTen‐Year Energy Plan
Ten‐Year

Procurement
Auctions
Oil and Gas
Electricity
Transmission
Biodiesel

7

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Energy Market
Electricity Generation
Competition in the Market
Transmission and Distribution
Competition in the Market

MarketSeparation
State‐owned and private enterprises operate side‐by‐sideCentralized Dispatch optimized by the National Power System Operator
CCEE: Financial and Energy Accounting

8

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Power Generation
Expansion
Free Market
ACL

CL
CL

Competition

Freely NegotiatedPricesCC

Regulated
Market (ACR)
Procurement Auctions
for the lowest energy
tariff
DD

9

Prices set by Procurement
Auctions
D = Distributors/ Eligible Consumers
CL = Free Consumers (above3 MW)
C = Energy Traders

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

RENEWABLE ENERGY in the ELECTRICITY MATRIX

10

Sources: Brazilian Energy Review. 2010
Key World Energy Statistics. IEA, 2008

11

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

RENEWABLE ENERGY in the TOTAL MIX

Fontes: Resenha Energética. MME, 2010
Key World Energy Statistics. IEA, 2008

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Brazilian Electricity Supply Evolution
110,9

74,8

2009

2019

112.5 GW

183.8 GW

GW
33,8
20,0

16,6
3,9

Hydro
(>30MW)

Thermo6,07,8SHP (<30MW)

0,6
Wind

6,1
Biomass

1,2 2,85,9 5,9Industrial Gas

Imports

Source: MME/ PNE 2030, Brazilian Energy Review 2010.

Energia e Sustentabilidade

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Matriz de Oferta Interna de Energia Elétrica (%)

2011
568,8 TWh87,8% renováveis

2021
4,8%aa908,0 TWh84,6% renováveis

MUNDO (2010)‐RENOVÁVEIS: 19%
Fonte: PDE 2021, IEA Data Services - World Energy Balances.

13

Planejamento Energético Brasileiro

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil

14

Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Expansão na Matriz Elétrica e Investimentos até 2021
Expansão da
Capacidade
Instalada do
SistemaInterligado
Nacional (GW)
Manutenção deexpressiva
participação derenováveis.

Investimentos
em Energia

2011-2021
Mais de 1 trilhão dereais em 10 anos.

Fonte: PDE 2021

Fontes

2011

2016

2021

HIDRO (*)
PCH
BIOMASSAEÓLICA
NUCLEARGÁS NATURALCARVÃOÓLEOGÁS INDUSTRIAL
TOTAL

83.6
4.6
7.7
1.4
2.0
10.2
1.8
4.5
0.7
116.5

98.2
5.4
9.6
9.4
3.4
12.1
3.2
9.4
0.7
151.4

116.8
7.1
13.4
15.6
3.4
13.1
3.2
9.1
0.7
182.4

Incremento Participação na Matriz (%)
2011‐21
2011
2021
33.2
71.8
64.1
2.5
3.9
3.9
5.7
6.6
7.4
14.2
1.2
8.6
1.4
1.7
1.9
2.9
8.8
7.2
1.4
1.5
1.8
4.5
3.9
5.0
0.0
0.6
0.4
65.9
100.0
100.0

Setor

R$ bi

(%)

Energia Elétrica
Geração
Transmissão

269
213
56

24,5
18
5

Petróleo e Gás

749

68,3

Biocombustíveis

79

7,2

TOTAL

1.097

100

(*) Inclui importação (Itaipu‐Paraguai)
Nota: não inclui autoprodutor cativo (que não usa rede pública) e não inclui sistemas isolados

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil

Planejamento Energético Brasileiro

Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Projects Planned for the next decade
Large Hidros
Mostly in the north(largest potential)

Biomass
Thermos
Located in the
Ethanol prodcution
areal (Southeast andMidlde‐west)

Wind farms
Seashore areas in the
Northeas t and in theSouth
Fonte: PDE 2021.

15

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Renewable Energy
Imperative of Sustainability

Costs and Constraints

Increasing financial costs of energy, on a long‐term perspective,
due to the exhaustion of more economical sources andsocial‐environmental constraints

Change in Worldwide
valuesWorld opinion is increasingly favorable to the adoption of
new patterns of energy production and consumption,compatible with human development and environmental protection

Renewable Sources

This context confirms that the strengthening of policies to promoterenewable alternative energy sources, as well as energy efficiency,
is necessary to achieve a virtuous cycle between energy expansion,development and environmental sustainability

16

Hydropower Potential

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

BrazilPotential: 258.4 GW
Operating: 30%[%]

Hydropower Potential

North
Potential: 111.4 GW
Operating : 8.4 GW

Northeast
Potential : 26.3 GW
Operating : 10.9 GWSoutheast/Midwest
Potential: 78.7 GW
Operating: 34.3 GW+14.0 GW (Itaipu)
South
Potential: 42.0 GW
Operating : 12.9 GWWorld hydropower developed potential

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Hydroelectricity in the World – Top 10

Source: Manual do Inventario, 2005, EIA/DOE ‐ International Data

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Hydropower Potential
 We still have a substantial hydropower potential to be developed,
mainly in the Amazon Region. Environmental concerns andrestrictions make this development a challenge. Brazil is facing it.
 A new concept of lower impact hydropower plant construction
has been developed to face environmental restrictions: Platform
Power Plants (Usinas Plataforma). This concept, inspired byoffshore oil platforms, is very suitable for hydro applications in
the Amazon Region.
 Brazil has an extensive experience on hydropower plants. This canbe an outstanding area of partnership between our countries.

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil

Policies

Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Incentive Policies for Renewables

National Program of Incentives for Alternative Sources – Proinfa (Law 10438/02)
Tax reduction regarding Transmission and Distribution Systems Use (Law 9427/96)
Merchandise Circulation Tax Exemption (ICMS arrangement 101/97)
Special Incentive Regime for Infrastructure Development – REIDI (Decree 6144/07)
Distributed Generation – GD (Law 10848/04)
Contracts with Special Consumers (Law 9427/96)
R&D Exemption (Law 9991/00)
Subrogation of the Fuel Cost Account – CCC: Only Isolated System (Law 9648/98)
Clean Development Mechanism: Carbon Credits
ANEEL 482/2012

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil

Policies

Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Incentive Policies for Renewables

National Program of Incentives for Alternative Sources – Proinfa (Law 10438/02)
Tax/tariff reduction for Transmission and Distribution Systems Use (Law 9427/96)
Merchandise Circulation Tax Exemption (ICMS arrangement 101/97)
Special Incentive Regime for Infrastructure Development – REIDI (Decree 6144/07)
Distributed Generation – GD (Law 10848/04)
Contracts with Special Consumers (Law 9427/96)
R&D Exemption (Law 9991/00)
Subrogation of the Fuel Cost Account – CCC: Only Isolated System (Law 9648/98)
Clean Development Mechanism: Carbon Credits
ANEEL 482/2012

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Small Hydropower Plant (SHP) – 1 to 30MW

Marmelos Zero Hydro Plant – MG – 1889 – 4 MW

Santa Rosa Power Plant – RJ – 30 MW

Brazil has an estimatedpotential of around 17,5
GW of SHPSHP in Brazil has fully
developed technology
and a competitive priceEnvironmental
restrictions are also thechallenge to implement
projects

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Small Hydropower Potential
17,5 GW
North
11%

Northeast
9%

Midwest19%
Southeast
40%

South
21%
Source: PDE 2019 and PNE 2030

Ministry of Mines and Energy – BrazilWind Power Potential

Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPEWind Power Potential

At 50m altitude – 0.5 MW turbines

Estimated Wind Power Potential
143 GW
272.2 TWh/year

At 100m altitude – 2 MW turbines

Estimation under development
Expected Potential around 300 GW

Source: CRESESB/CEPEL, 2001.

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE•

Alagoashttp://www.desenvolvimentoeconomico.al.gov.br/minas‐e‐energia/mapa‐eolico/

•

Bahia
http://www.coelba.com.br/

•

Ceará
http://www.seinfra.ce.gov.br/•

Espírito Santo
http://www.aspe.es.gov.br/atlaseolico/•

Minas Gerais
http://www.cemig.com.br/atlas_eolico_2010/index.htm•

Paraná
http://www.copel.com/download/mapa_eolico/Atlas_do_Potencial_Eolico_do_Estado_do_Parana.pdf
http://www.copel.com/download/mapa_eolico/Mapa_do_Potencial_Eolico_do_Estado_do_Parana.pdf•

Rio de Janeiro
Governo do Estado ‐ Secretaria de Estado de Energia, da Indústria
Naval e do Petróleo•

Rio Grande do Norte
http://www.cosern.com.br/ARQUIVOS_EXTERNOS/PDF/mapa_eolic
o.pdf

•

Rio Grande do Sul
http://www.semc.rs.gov.br/index.php?menu=atlaseolicoWind Atlas from the States

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPEWind Energy
IN
OPERATION

2044 MWIn the latest years wind has been
experimenting large growth rates in Brazil,
following a combination of governmental
policies of incentives and a strong interest ofenterprises.
 In an auction at December 2009, 1,805 MW
were purchased (148,00 R$/MWh); at August
2010, 2.047,8 MW ( 134,86 R$/MWh); August
2011, 1.928,8 MW (99,5 R$/MWh . So, theprice of wind energy is now fully competitivein Brasil.
 The combined utilization of Hydro and Wind,
improves the energetic potential of both
sources due to their seasonal complementarycharacteristics.

Sangradouro Wind Farm, RS ‐ Brazil

Wind Power: Complementarity

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Regional Complementarities

Northeast Region
Regional Complementarities
WIND – NORTHEAST

North
Hydro
HYDRO – NORTHEAST

South / Southeast Regions
WIND – SOUTH

HYDRO – SOUTHEAST/ MIDWEST

Source: Associação Brasileira de Energia Eólica.

Southeast / Midwest
BiomassSouth
Wind

NortheastWindMinistry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Brazilian Solar Power: Results

Solar Power: Results

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE•

Brazilian Solarimetric Atlas (UFPE, CHESF)•••

Developed in 2001 under the GTEF (Working Group on Photovoltaic Solar Energy) in order
to eliminate the deficiencies related to obtaining solarimetric data measured in the
country.
The maps were interpolated from the data measured on surface at several stations
througout the country relying on instruments such as, actinograph and pyranometers.
Period: from 1960 to 1990.

Brazilian Atlas of Solar Energy (INPE, UFSC)•••

Solar Atlas ‐ Brasil

Developed in 2006 under the project SWERA (Solar and Wind Energy Resource
Assessment) with the goal of creating a database of solar radiation involving the entire
Brazilian territory using satellite imagery.
The maps were developed from a satellite model specific to the country called Brazil‐SR.
Period: from 1995 to 2005.

DNI (direct normal irradiation) maps for the brazilian semiarid region (CEPEL)••

Developed in 2012 as part of the characterization study of sites for deployment of CSP
pilot plant in the semiarid region, under the agreement CEPEL / MME.
DNI was calculated from the measurement of duration of sunshine at meteorologicalstations INMET and then applied an interpolation model available in GIS platform. Period:
from 2000 to 2009.

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Brazilian Solar Potential
Annual Global Radiation(MJ/m2.day)
Interpolation method using
global radiation fromseveral country
meteorological stations
Instruments: actinographs(most) and pyranometers
Measurement Period: 1960
to 1990Brazilian Solarimetric Atlas – UFPE/CHESF – 2000

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Annual Global Radiation(kWh/m2.day)

Global solar radiation
estimated from satellite data.
Modelo BRASIL-SR
Measurement Period:
July1995 to December 2005

Brazilian Atlas of Solar Energy
CPTEC/INPE ,LABSOLAR/UFSC
projeto SWERA – 2006

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Direct Normal Solar
Radiation(kWh/m2.day)

Direct normal solar
radiation estimatedfrom insulation hours
of approximately 150
meteorological stations
and applying classicalmathematic models
Measurement period:
Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2009

CEPEL, 2011

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Brazilian Solar Power: Results

Solar Power: Results

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Photovoltaic
 The PV market is showing signals of positive changes in Brasil: Larger projects being implemented (MW scale); New Regulatory Framework – DG – ANEEL 482/2012
 “120 Proofs” Pilot Project involving government, utilities, university andresearch centers for grid connected PV in Brasil.
 It is an R&D project aiming to establish conditions and assess theconsequences from the insertion of PV based distributed low voltage
generation systems on dwelling roofs;
 Wind energy successful precedent can influences the decision makers; Growth importance of controlling greenhouse gas emissions in theworld ;

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Solar Energy: Photovoltaic
 Photovoltaic (PV) seems to be the natural solution for theelectrification of small communities far from the power grid.
 Grid connected applications, helping to feed the cities, canbecome economically competitive as soon as prices fall.
 Brazil does not produce PV modules, in industrial scale.
 Producing PV equipment in Brazil – lower CO2 emissions due toclean electricity matrix.

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Brazilian Solar Power: Discussions

Brazil is one of the world’s greatest metal‐grade
silicon producers
but...
Efficient Solar Panels require solar‐grade silicon
and…
Brazil has no significant solar‐grade production
so…
National and International companies are welcome
to invest on solar‐grade silicon and solar panel
production

Solar Power: Discussions

Biomass Potential

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Biomass Potential
SourceIn Operation

Projected for 2030

Sugarcane Biomass

271 plants
4,079 MW6,571 MW

Urban Waste‐

1,300 MWTOTAL

4,079 MW7,871 MW• Projected values may increase due to technological developments andmarket behavior (ethanol demand)

Cogeneration
potential fromsugarcane biomass

05 years: 12.315 MW
10 years: 22.315 MW

Sources: PNE 2030; PDE 2010-2019

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Biomass: Power Generation
Until 2019, the installation of power
generation capacity with sugarcane
bagasse is estimated in 16.6 GW.
 This value can be higher depending
on technological and market evolution.
Other sources of biomass can be
included as soon as their economical
and technological potential is proved.

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Biomass: Ethanol
 The productivity of sugarcane
ethanol in Brazil is the highest in theworld (6,800 l/ha).
 Brazil has 430 million ha (1 ha =10,000 m2) of agricultural land, and just
63 million ha are already occupied.
 Brazil has more than 30 years ofexpertise with ethanol as fuel, which
gives a natural leadership on this area.

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Biodiesel Dec. 2004: Launch of the National Program forthe production and use of Biodiesel
 Brazil is already the world’s 3rd largest
consumer (after Germany and France)
82% of production capacity holds the Social Fuel
Seal (Selo Combustível Social)52 thousand families of small crop growers
directly benefited in 2009
Accomplished in 2010: obligatory addition of
5% of biodiesel on fossil diesel
US$ 343 million directed to familiar agriculture
production of oil seeds in 2009

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

Final Remarks
 Hydro will keep its first place at the electricity matrix,
but new sources are coming.
 New renewable sources are approaching the prices of
conventional sources. This, combined with environmental
concerns, will drive to the increasing participation of themin the energy matrix, higher than conservative nowadays
forecasts.
 Improve the knowledge
resources is a permanent task.

ofrenewablepotential

 Partnership: International cooperation can drive to ahigher degree of reliability and lower costs on dataacquisition and processing. This can be profitable and bring
benefits for all countries.

Ministry of Mines and Energy – Brazil
Secretary of Energy Planning and Development- SPE

MINISTRY OF MINES AND ENERGYTHANKS!

http://www.mme.gov.br/
Cristiano Augusto Trein
Secretariat for Energy Planning and Development

Tokyo, June 2013

Contact : report@tky.ieej.or.jp