㎰⸆ࡢ⻏࡟ᑐࡍࡿᛴᛶࣜࢫࢡࡢ๐ῶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⡿ᅜ⎔ቃಖㆤᗇࡢ᪉㔪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚▼ཎ ᝅ㸪ᮌᮧ✨㸪኱Ἠ㍤᫂㸪ᕷཎ┤Ⓩ
⊂)㎰ᯘỈ⏘ᾘ㈝Ᏻ඲ᢏ⾡ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ㎰⸆᳨ᰝ㒊2015 ᖺ 5 ᭶ 29 ᪥㸪⡿ᅜ⎔ቃಖㆤᗇ㸦EPA㸧ࡣ᥋ゐ᭚㟢࡟ࡼࡾ࣑ࢶࣂࢳ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㧗࠸ᛴᛶẘᛶࢆ♧ࡍ㎰⸆
ࡢⱼⴥᩓᕸ᫬࡟㸪⟶⌮ࡉࢀࡓ࣑ࢶࣂࢳࢆಖㆤࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠕᛴᛶẘᛶࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ㎰⸆ࡢ⻏࡬ࡢ᭚㟢ࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᥦ᱌ࠖࢆබ⾲ࡋࡓ㸬ᮏᥦ᱌ࡣࡑࡢᚋ㸪ࡼࡾᰂ㌾࡛ᐇ⏝ⓗ࡞ࣜࢫࢡ⟶⌮ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ಟṇࡉࢀ㸪2017 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 12 ᪥࡟ࠕ㎰⸆ࡢ⻏࡟ᑐࡍࡿᛴᛶࣜࢫࢡࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪉㔪ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᨵࡵ࡚බ⾲ࡉࢀࡓ㸬
2017 ᖺ࡟♧ࡉࢀࡓ᪉㔪࡛ࡣ㸪⻏࡟ᑐࡍࡿᛴᛶࣜࢫࢡ๐ῶࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠕ㎰⸆〇๣ࣛ࣋ࣝࡢὀព஦㡯࡟ࡼࡿ౑⏝ไ㝈ࠖࡀᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬2015 ᖺࡢᥦ᱌㸦᪉㔪ࡢཎ᱌㸧ࡣ࣑ࢶࣂࢳᡂ⹸࡟ᑐࡍࡿᛴᛶ᥋ゐẘᛶ㸦LD50 㸧ࡀ 11 μg/bee ᮍ‶ࡢ᭷ຠᡂศࢆྵࡴ〇๣ࢆไ㝈㸦ࣁࢨ࣮ࢻホ౯࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓไ㝈㸧ࡍࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪᪉㔪࡛ࡣ⤒῭ⓗᦆኻ➼ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ᇶ‽ࡀぢ┤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ࣜࢫࢡẚࡀ 0.4 ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㐺⏝࡟㝈ᐃ㸹ࣜࢫࢡホ౯࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓไ㝈㸧㸬ࡲࡓ㸪౑⏝ไ㝈࡟ಀࡿ஧ࡘࡢ౛እ㸪ձRT25㸦Residual Time to 25% Bee Mortality㸧ࡀ 6 ᫬㛫ࡼࡾ▷࠸ሙྜ㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕṧ␃ẘᛶࡀప࠸ሙྜ࣑ࢶࣂࢳࡀ㔝እ࡛άືࡋ࡞࠸ࠕ᪥ࡢධࡾ 2 ᫬㛫๓࠿ࡽ᪥ࡢฟ 8 ᫬㛫๓ࡢᮇ㛫ࠖ࡟㝈ࡾ㛤ⰼᮇࡶᩓᕸྍ⬟㸪ղ 㛤ⰼᮇ㛫ࡀ㛗࠸㸪ࡲࡓࡣᐃࡲࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸స≀ࡸ✀Ꮚ᥇ྲྀ⏝᳜≀࡟ᩓᕸࡉࢀࡿሙྜ㸪࣑ࢶࣂࢳࡀ㔝እ࡛άືࡋ࡞࠸ࠕ᪥ࡢධࡾ 2 ᫬㛫๓࠿ࡽ᪥ࡢฟࡲ࡛ࠖࡶࡋࡃࡣࠕᩓᕸሙᡤࡢ
ᗘࡀ 10.0Υ௨ୗࡢ᫬ࠖ࡟㝈ࡾ㛤ⰼᮇࡶᩓᕸྍ⬟ࡀタᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏ᪉㔪࡛ࡣ㸪㎰⸆ࡢ࣑ࢶࣂࢳ➼ⰼ⢊፹௓⪅࡟ᑐࡍࡿᛴᛶࣜࢫࢡࡢ๐ῶࡢࡓࡵ࡟㸪ୖグࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ไ㝈࡟ࡼࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ຍ࠼㸪㣫㣴⻏ࡢಖㆤィ⏬㸦MP3s: Managed Pollinator Protection Plans㸧⾜ືࢆ᥎ዡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬
Keywords㸸ࣁࢼࣂࢳ㸪࣑ࢶࣂࢳ㸪࣏ࣜࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮㸪ࣜࢫࢡホ౯㸪ࣜࢫࢡ⟶⌮ᙳ㡪࡟ᑐࡍࡿᠱᛕࡢ㧗ࡲࡾࢆཷࡅ㸪⡿ᅜ⎔ቃಖㆤᗇ⥴㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 ゝ㸦௨ୗ EPA ࡜࠸࠺㸧ࡣ 2013 ᖺ࡟ⰼ⢊፹௓⪅࡬ᑐࡍ ㏆ᖺ㸪Ḣ⡿࡟࠾࠸࡚࣑ࢶࣂࢳ➼ⰼ⢊፹௓⪅㸦௨ୗ㸪ࡿ᭷ᐖᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࢿ࢜ࢽࢥࢳࣀ࢖ࢻ⣔ẅ⹸๣ࢆྵࡴ࣏ࣜࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮࡜࠸࠺㸧ࡢῶᑡ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᠱᛕࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ〇๣࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣛ࣋ࣝࡢὀព஦㡯ࢆぢ┤ࡋࡓ 4)㸬ࡲࡓ㸪࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢせᅉࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚㎰⸆ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀᣲࡆࡽ2015 ᖺ࡟ࡣዎ⣙ཷ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢୗ࡛⟶⌮ࡉࢀࡓ࣏ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪Ḣ⡿࡛ࡣ㎰⸆ࡢ࣏ࣜࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮ࣜࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮㸦௨ୗ㸪㣫㣴⻏࡜࠸࠺㸧࡬ࡢ㎰⸆᭚㟢ࢆ1,2)ࡀ⟇ᐃࡉࢀ㸪ࡑῶࡽࡍࡓࡵࡢᑐ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚㸪᪂ࡓ࡞ࣛ࣋ࣝไ㝈࡟ࡼࡿ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞ࣜࢫࢡホ౯ᡭἲࣜࢫࢡ⟶⌮ᡭἲ 5)ࡀᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ㸪ᚋ࡟᪉㔪࡜ࡋ࡚࡜ࡾࡢ㐠⏝ࡀጞࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬㎰⸆ࡢⰼ⢊፹௓⪅࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣜࢫࢡࢆ⟶⌮ࡍࡿᡭἲࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪㎰⸆〇๣ࡢࣛ࣋ࣝ࡟ὀព஦㡯ࢆグᮏሗ࡛ࡣ㸪2017 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 12 ᪥බ⾲ࡉࢀࡓࠕ㎰⸆ࡢ㍕ࡍࡿᥐ⨨ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬⡿ᅜ࡛ࡣ㸪㎰⸆〇๣࡟グ㍕ࡍࡿ

⻏࡟ᑐࡍࡿᛴᛶࣜࢫࢡࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪉㔪 6)ࠖ࠾࣏ࣜࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮࡟ᑐࡍࡿ඲⯡ⓗ࡞ὀព஦㡯ࡣ㸪ཎ๎࡜ࡼࡧ᪉㔪⟇ᐃ᫬࡟ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓ⤒῭ⓗᦆኻࡢヨ⟬⤖ࡋ ࡚ ࣐ ࢽ ࣗ ࢔ ࣝ 㸦 EPA Label Review Manualᯝ 7)࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⤂௓ࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᮏ᪉㔪࡛ࡣ㸪㎰⸆ࡢChapter8 3)㸧࡟ᚑ࠸࣑ࢶࣂࢳᡂ⹸࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᥋ゐẘᛶ⻏࡟ᑐࡍࡿᛴᛶࣜࢫࢡࡢ๐ῶ࡟㸪㣫㣴⻏ࡢಖㆤィ⏬

ࡢᙉࡉࢆᣦᶆ࡜ࡋ࡚Ỵᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㸦MP3s: Managed Pollinator Protection Plans㸪௨ୗ MP3s ࡜࠸࠺㸧ࡢάືࢆ᥎ዡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ

ࢿ࢜ࢽࢥࢳࣀ࢖ࢻ⣔ẅ⹸๣ࡢ࣏ࣜࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮࡬ࡢ

10

MP3s ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᴫせࢆሗ࿌ࡍࡿ㸬࣭ὀព஦㡯࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ⏝ㄒࡢᐃ⩏࣭ᐃ㔞ⓗࣜࢫࢡ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ㸪ṧ␃ẘᛶࢹ࣮ࢱ

1. ᛴᛶẘᛶࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ㎰⸆࠿ࡽࡢ⻏࡬ࡢ᭚㟢ࢆ㍍ῶ

ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓᰂ㌾ᛶ࠶ࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᥦ᱌(EPA’s Proposal to Mitigate

࣭MP3s ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ

Exposure to Bees from Acutely Toxic Pesticide࣭ಶูࡢ㐺⏝స≀㸦࢔࣮ࣔࣥࢻ㸪ࣜࣥࢦ㸪࢔࣎࢝ࢻProducts., 2015.5)➼㸧࡟㛵ࡍࡿせᮃ1.1.⫼ᬒ2014 ᖺ 6 ᭶㸪⡿ᅜࡢ࢜ࣂ࣐኱⤫㡿㸦ᙜ᫬㸧ࡣ࣑2. ᛴᛶẘᛶࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ㎰⸆࠿ࡽࡢ࣑ࢶࣂࢳ࡬ࡢ᭚㟢ࢶࣂࢳࡑࡢ௚࣏ࣜࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮ࡢ೺ᗣ≧ἣࢆྥୖࡉࡏࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᥦ᱌ࡢ᳨ウ⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧಟṇࡿࡓࡵࡢ㐃㑥ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᡓ␎㸦኱⤫㡿ぬ᭩ 8)㸧ࢆᥦ♧๓㏙ࡢࣃࣈࣜࢵࢡࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࢆཷࡅ㸪EPA ࡣ㎰ᐙࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢᡓ␎ࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚࣏ࣜࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮ࡢᦆኻࢆ࡬ࡢ₯ᅾⓗ࡞ᙳ㡪➼ࢆゎᯒࡋ㸪ࡼࡾᐃ㔞ⓗ࡛ᰂ㌾ᛶ࡞ࡃࡍࡓࡵ࡟㐃㑥ᨻᗓࡢ୍ᒙࡢດຊ࡜㸪ᐁẸࡀ༠ຊࡢ㧗࠸つไࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㸬ᮏ㡯ࡋ࡚ၥ㢟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴᚲせᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࢆཷࡅ

࡛ࡣ㸪2015 ᖺ 5 ᭶ࡢᥦ᱌ࢆ₯ᅾⓗ࡞⤒῭ⓗᙳ㡪ࡢ2015 ᖺ 5 ᭶㸪EPA ࡣ㣫㣴⻏࡬ࡢ㎰⸆᭚㟢࡜኱㔞ṚほⅬ࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ 7)࠾ࡼࡧ᳨ウ⤖ᯝࢆཷࡅಟࢆῶࡽࡍࡓࡵ㸪ᛴᛶẘᛶࡢᙉ࠸㎰⸆࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࣛ࣋ࣝ

ṇࡉࢀࡓ EPA ࡢ᪉㔪 6)ࡢᴫせ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⤂௓ࡍࡿ㸬࡟ࡼࡿ౑⏝ไ㝈࠙㛤ⰼᮇ୰ࡢ౑⏝⚗Ṇࠚࢆ⩏ົ௜ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࡓ 5)㸬ᮏ᱌ࡣ௨ୗ࡟♧ࡍ 3 ࡘࡢ᮲௳2.1. ᤵ⢊䝃䞊䝡䝇䜢฼⏝䛩䜛௦⾲ⓗ䛺స≀䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ࢆ‶ࡓࡍ〇ရ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠙㛤ⰼᮇ୰ࡢ౑⏝⚗Ṇࠚࢆồ䝷䝧䝹つไ䛻䜘䜛ᙳ㡪䛾ヨ⟬(Impact Estimates fromࡵࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬Proposed and Revised Pollinator Labeling forձᾮ≧ࡲࡓࡣ⢊≧࡛ᩓᕸࡍࡿRepresentative Blooming Agricultural Cropsղᒇእ࡛ዎ⣙ཷ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶

Utilizing Commercial Pollination Services., 2017.1)
 EPA ࡀ 2015 ᖺ࡟♧ࡋࡓᥦ᱌ࡣࣁࢨ࣮ࢻ࣮࣋ࢫࡢ

ࡿ㎰స≀࡟ⱼⴥᩓᕸࡍࡿホ౯㸦ᇶ‽ࡣ㸪᭷ຠᡂศࡢᛴᛶ᥋ゐẘᛶ LD50 ࡀ 11ճ࣑ࢶࣂࢳ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᥋ゐᛴᛶẘᛶࡀ㧗࠸㸦LD50 ࡀ11 g/bee ᮍ‶㸧᭷ຠᡂศࡀྵࡲࢀࡿ〇๣ࢆ౑⏝ࡍ

μg/bee ᮍ‶㸧࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪࣑ࢶࣂࢳ࡬ࡢࡿᛴᛶ᥋ゐẘᛶࡢᙉ࠸࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢẅ⹸๣࡜ᩘ✀ࡢ㝖ⲡ๣ࡣᇶ‽ࢆࢡࣜ࢔࡛ࡁࡎ࡟౑⏝ࡀไ㝈ࡉࢀࡿࡇ

1.2.䝟䝤䝸䝑䜽䝁䝯䞁䝖(Response to Public Comments࡜ࡀண

Submitted on the Environmental Protection࡜ࡀᠱᛕࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ EPA ࡣࣜࢫࢡ࣮࣋ࢫࡢホࡉࢀ㸪㎰ᐙࡀ኱ࡁ࡞⤒῭ⓗᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿࡇ

Agency’s Proposal to Mitigate Exposure to Bees౯࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃไ㝈ᡭἲ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ලయⓗfrom Acutely Toxic Pesticide Products., 2017.1)

࡟ࡣ㸪ホ౯ᑐ㇟㎰⸆ࡢ༢఩㠃✚࠶ࡓࡾࡢ౑⏝㔞࠿ࡽ 2015 ᖺ 5 ᭶࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡓពぢເ㞟㸦90 ᪥㛫ࡢࣃࣈ࣑ࢶࣂࢳࡢ᥋ゐ᭚㟢㔞ࢆ᥎ᐃࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ್ࢆᙜヱ᭷ຠࣜࢵࢡࢥ࣓ࣥࢺ㸪2015 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 28 ᪥⤊஢㸧࡛ࡣ㸪ᡂศࡢ࣑ࢶࣂࢳ࡬ࡢᛴᛶ᥋ゐẘᛶ್㸦LD50㸧࡛㝖

10 ୓௳ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡀᐤࡏࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࣜࢫࢡẚ㸦RQ: Risk Quotient㸧ࢆồࡢከࡃࡣ EPA ࡢᥦ᱌ࡋࡓẅ⹸๣ࡢᛴᛶࣜࢫࢡ࠿ࡽ

ࡵ㸪ࡑࡢ್ࡀᛴᛶᙳ㡪ホ౯࡟࠾ࡅࡿᠱᛕࣞ࣋ࣝⰼ⢊፹௓⪅ࢆಖㆤࡍࡿ᪉⟇ࢆᨭᣢࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ

㸦LOC: Level of Concern㸧࡛࠶ࡿ 0.4 ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㸦㸻ࡓ㸬EPA ࡣࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡢෆᐜࢆ⢭ᰝࡋ⣙ 450 ௳ࡢ㔜

RQ ࡀ 0.4 ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㸧〇๣࡟㝈ࡗ࡚ไ㝈ࢆ⾜࠺࡜࠸せ࡞ࢥ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㡯┠ู࡟ศ㢮ࡋៅ㔜࡞᳨ウ࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪ୖグุ᩿ᇶ‽ࡣ 2014 ᖺ࡟බࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬᳨ウࡉࢀࡓ㡯┠ࡣ௨ୗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ 9)㸬

⾲ࡉࢀࡓ໭⡿࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞ࣜࢫࢡホ౯ᡭἲ 2)ࡢ

࣭㐺⏝ࡢ⠊ᅖ㸦ዎ⣙ཷ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢୗ࡛⟶⌮ࡉࢀࡓึᮇẁ㝵ホ౯㸦Tier1㸧ࡢᇶ‽࡟‽ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ⰼ⢊፹௓⪅㸪㔝⏕ࣂࢳ㸪ࡑࡢ௚ࡢ᪻⹸㸽㸧 㣫㣴⻏࡬ࡢ㎰⸆᭚㟢ࢆῶࡽࡍࡓࡵࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ไ㝈࣭᪂ࡓ࡞ࣜࢫࢡ⟶⌮ᥐ⨨㸦ࣛ࣋ࣝ⾲♧㸪ὀព஦㡯㸧࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㎰ᐙࡢᑐᛂ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪௨ୗ࡟♧ࡍᐇ⾜ྍ⬟࡞
4 ࡘࡢ௦᭰᱌ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡀ㣴⻏ᐙ࡜㎰ᐙࡢ㛵ಀ࡟࠾ࡼࡰࡍᙳ㡪11ձ࣑ࢶࣂࢳ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᛴᛶ᥋ゐẘᛶࡀᙉࡃ࡞࠸௦᭰ሙྜ࡟⏕ࡌࡿᦆኻࡀ኱㒊ศ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪௦᭰๣ࡀ࠶ࡿሙ๣㸦ⱼⴥᩓᕸ㸧ࡢ᪋⏝ྜࡢ㏣ຍࢥࢫࢺࡣẚ㍑ⓗᑠࡉ࠸࡜ぢ✚ࡶࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡲղⱼⴥᩓᕸ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸᪉ἲ࡛᪋⏝ࡓ㸪㛤ⰼᮇࡀ㛗࠸స≀㸪㛤ⰼᮇࡀᐃࡲࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸సճ໬Ꮫ㎰⸆ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡞࠸࡛᱂ᇵ≀ࡣᦆኻࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸬մ㛤ⰼᮇࢆ㑊ࡅࡓ㎰⸆ࡢ᪋⏝2.2. ⻏࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㎰⸆〇๣ࡢᛴᛶࣜࢫࢡࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿୖグձ㹼մ࠸ࡎࢀࡢ᱌࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪཰┈ࡢῶᑡ࡜௦᭰᱌࡬ࡢษࡾ᭰࠼࡟క࠺ࢥࢫࢺቑຍ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡓࡵࡢ⡿ᅜ⎔ቃಖㆤᗇࡢ᪉㔪(U.S. Environmentalࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࡀ㸪୍⯡ⓗ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪࠸Protection Agency’s Policy to Mitigate the Acuteࡃࡘ࠿ࡢస≀ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ㸦⾲ 1㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪௦⾲ⓗ࡞

Risk to Bees from Pesticide Products., 2017.1)
EPA ࡀ 2015 ᖺ࡟♧ࡋࡓᥦ᱌࡟ࡼࡿ⤒῭ⓗᙳ㡪ࡢ᱂ᇵయ⣔ୗ࡛ࡢ⤒῭ⓗᦆኻ࠾ࡼࡧ௦᭰ࢥࢫࢺࡀヨ᳨ウ࡛ࡣ㸪㛤ⰼᮇࡀ㛗࠸ࡲࡓࡣ㛤ⰼᮇࡀᐃࡲࡗ࡚࠸⟬ࡉࢀࡓ㸬࡞࠸స≀ࡢ᱂ᇵ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪᪂ࡓ࡞ไ㝈ࡢᑟධ࡟ࡼࡾ⾲㸯⤒῭ⓗᙳ㡪ࢆゎᯒࡋࡓస≀ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉከ㢠ࡢᦆኻࢆ⏕ࡌࡿ࡜⤖ㄽ࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡓ㸬ᮏ᳨ウ⤖ᯝస≀ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࢔࣮ࣔࣥࢻࢆཷࡅ㸪ࡼࡾ⌧ᐇⓗ࡞᪉㔪᱌ࡀࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀ㸪2017ࡾࢇࡈ࠸ࡕࡈ㸪ᮌ࢖ࢳࢦ㸪ࣈ࣮࣮ࣝ࣋ࣜ㸪ࢡ࣮ࣛࣥ࣋ࣜ࢘ࣜ⛉స≀࢔ࣝࣇ࢓ࣝࣇ࢓✀Ꮚࣄ࣐࣡ࣜ㑅ᐃ⌮⏤➼ᤵ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡬ࡢ౫Ꮡᗘ࡜฼⏝⪅ᩘࡀ᭱ࡶከ࠸㸬ோᯝ㸪᰾ᯝࡢ௦⾲㸬ᮾ㒊࣭す㒊࡛ศࡅ࡚ゎᯒ㸬ᤵ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢ౫Ꮡᗘࡀ㧗࠸㸬ᑠᆺࡢᯝ≀ࡢ௦⾲㸬

ᖺ 1 ᭶ 12 ᪥㸪EPA ࡣ㎰⸆࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ዎ⣙ཷ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢୗ࡛⟶⌮ࡉࢀࡓⰼ⢊፹௓⪅ࢆಖㆤࡍࡿ᪋⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕ㎰⸆ࡢ⻏࡟ᑐࡍࡿᛴᛶࣜࢫࢡࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪉㔪 6)ࠖࢆබ⾲ࡋࡓ㸬ᮏ᪉㔪ࡣ㸪௨ୗࡢᇶ‽*ࡍ࡭࡚ࢆ‶ࡓࡍ〇ရ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ձᾮ≧ࡲࡓࡣ⢊≧࡛ᩓᕸࡍࡿ

ከᵝ࡞⏕⏘≧ἣ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡁࡹ࠺ࡾ㸪࢝ࣥࢱ࣮ࣟࣉ㸦࣓ࣟࣥࡢ௦⾲㸧㸪ࣃࣥࣉ࢟ࣥ㸪ࢫࢡ࣡ࢵࢩࣗࢆᆅᇦࡈ࡜࡟ゎᯒ㸬✀Ꮚస≀㸦㣫ᩱྵࡴ㸧ࡢ௦⾲㸬ղᒇእ࡛ዎ⣙ཷ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶
ࡿ㎰స≀࡟ⱼⴥᩓᕸࡍࡿ
ճ࣑ࢶࣂࢳࡢᛴᛶ᥋ゐẘᛶ࠾ࡼࡧ᭚㟢㔞࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃRQ ࡀチᐜ࡛ࡁࡿᛴᛶࣜࢫࢡࡢᠱᛕࣞ࣋ࣝ㸦LOC:0.4㸧ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿᢞୗ㔞࡛౑⏝ࡍࡿ*ᤵ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢ฼⏝㢠  ఩㸬㸦*ճࡀཎ᱌࡜␗࡞ࡿಟṇ㒊ศ㸪ձ࠾ࡼࡧղࡣཎ᱌࡜ྠࡌෆᐜ㸧ࣁࢨ࣮ࢻ࣮࣋ࢫࡢไ㝈㸦௨ୗ㸪ཎ᱌࡜࠸࠺㸧ࢆ⾜ୖグ᮲௳࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿ㎰⸆ࣛ࣋ࣝࡢὀព஦㡯ࢆ㸪ᛴࡗࡓሙྜ࡜ࣜࢫࢡ࣮࣋ࢫࡢไ㝈㸦௨ୗ㸪ಟṇ᱌࡜࠸ᛶࣜࢫࢡࢆపῶࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪௨ୗࡢෆᐜ࡟ኚ᭦ࡍࡿࡇ࠺㸧ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓሙྜࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢥࢫࢺቑຍ࡟࡜ࡀᥦ᱌ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࢆゎᯒࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ཎ᱌࡛ࡣ㸪ᮾ㒊ࡢோᯝ㸪᰾ᯝ㸪࠸ࡕࡈ㸪ᮌ࢖ࢳࢦ㸪࢘ࣜ⛉స≀㸪✀Ꮚస≀ࡢ࠙ዎ⣙ཷ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ㸪ᦆኻࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡜᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࣈ࣮࣮ࣝ࣋ࣜ㸪㛤ⰼᮇࡀ᏶஢ࡍࡿࡲ࡛㸪స≀࡬ࡢⱼⴥᩓࢡ࣮ࣛࣥ࣋ࣜࡣᙳ㡪ࡍࡿ㠃✚ࡀ୙᫂࡞ࡓࡵ㸪୰⛬ᗘᕸࢆ⚗Ṇ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ᕞ㸪ඛఫẸ᪘⮬἞༊㸪ࡢᦆኻ࡜ぢ✚ࡶࡽࢀࡓ㸦⾲ 2㸧㸬ಟṇ᱌࡛ࡣ㸪✀Ꮚㄆྍࡉࢀࡓᆅඖࡢಖ೺ᒁࡲࡓࡣ㜵␿ᶵ㛵స≀࡜࢘ࣜ⛉స≀㸪࠸ࡕࡈࢆ㝖࠸࡚኱ࡁ࡞ᦆኻࡣ࡞࠸࡜᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓ㸬✀Ꮚస≀࡜࢘ࣜ⛉స≀࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ỵᐃࡉࢀࡓබඹ࠾ࡼࡧື≀ࡢ೺ᗣ࡬ࡢ⬣ጾࢆ㜵Ṇࡲࡓࡣᢚไࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ≉ᐃࡢ⑓ᐖ⹸࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㜵㝖ᡭẁࡀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࡟ཎ᱌ᩓᕸ㸦௨ୗ㸪⥭ᛴ㜵㝖ࡢࡓࡵࡢᩓᕸ࡜࠸࡜ྠᵝ࡟ᦆኻࡣ኱ࡁ࠸࡜᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪ோᯝ㸪࠺㸧ࡣ㝖ࡃࠚ᰾ᯝ㸪ᮌ࢖ࢳࢦ㸪ࣈ࣮࣮ࣝ࣋ࣜ㸪ࢡ࣮ࣛࣥ࣋ࣜࡢᙳ㡪ࡣ௦᭰࡟ࡼࡿࢥࢫࢺࡢࡳ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸦⾲ 3㸧㸬ᮏ᪉㔪࡛ EPA ࡣᾮ≧ࡲࡓࡣ⢊≧࡛ᩓᕸࡉࢀࡿ〇౑⏝ไ㝈࡟ࡼࡾண᝿ࡉࢀࡿᙳ㡪ࡣ㸪௦᭰๣ࡀ࡞࠸

12ရࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ᭷ຠᡂศࡢࣜࢫࢺࢆసᡂࡋ㸪࣑ࢶࣂࢳ࡬ࡢᛴᛶ᥋ゐẘᛶࡢᙉࡉ࠿ࡽ 3 ẁ㝵㸦Group1-3㸧࡟࠙ዎ⣙ཷ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ㸪㛤ศ㢮ࡋࡓ㸬⌧᫬Ⅼ࡛ࡣ Group1 ࡢࡳලయⓗ࡟ᡂศࡀⰼᮇࡀ᏶஢ࡍࡿࡲ࡛㸪స≀࡬ࡢⱼⴥᩓᕸࢆ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᛴᛶ᥋ゐẘᛶࡀ㧗࠸㸦LD50 ࡀ 11⚗Ṇ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪⥭ᛴ㜵㝖ࡢࡓࡵࡢᩓᕸ㸪᪥g/bee ᮍ‶㸧࡜ホ౯ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 43 ࡢ᭷ຠᡂศࡀᥖ

ࡢධࡾฟ 2 ᫬㛫๓࠿ࡽ᪥ࡢฟࡲ࡛ࡢᩓᕸ࠾

㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬Group2㸪3 ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ௒ᚋᩚഛࡍࡼࡧẼࡿணᐃ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᮏᣦ㔪࡟ࡣ㸪ዎ⣙ཷ⢊᫬ࡢᩓᕸࡣ㝖ࡃࠚࡀ 50rF㸦ᦤẶ 10.0 ᗘ㸧௨ୗࡢࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ㎰స≀ࣜࢫࢺ㸪ዎ⣙ཷ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ㎰స≀࡛㛤ⰼᮇࡀᐃࡲࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸స

3. ዎ⣙ཷ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢୗ࡛⟶⌮ࡉࢀࡓⰼ⢊፹௓⪅≀ࡢࣜࢫࢺ࡞࡝㸪࣏ࣜࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㎰⸆ࡢࣜࢫࡢಖㆤィ⏬㸦03V0DQDJHG3ROOLQDWRU3URWHFWLRQࢡࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿୖ࡛᭷⏝࡞᝟ሗࡀグ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

3ODQV㸧 EPA ࡣࣃࣈࣜࢵࢡࢥ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟ࡼࡿពぢࢆ⪃៖ࡋ㸪 㣫㣴⻏࡬ࡢ㎰⸆᭚㟢ࢆῶࡽࡍࡓࡵ㸪㎰ᐙ࡜㣴⻏ᐙᮏ᪉㔪ࢆࡼࡾᰂ㌾ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿᥦ᱌࡜ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ୖグไࡢ཮᪉࡛㣫㣴⻏ࡀ㎰⸆࡟᭚㟢ࡍࡿᶵ఍ࢆࡼࡾᑡ࡞

㝈࡟ᑐࡋ࡚≉ู࡞౛እ㸦ࣛ࣋ࣝὀព஦㡯ࡢ⦆࿴࡟㛵ࡃࡍࡿ”ࣜࢫࢡ๐ῶᑐ⟇”ࢆㅮࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㔜せ࡛࠶

ࡍࡿ 2 ✀ࡢ౛እ㸧ࢆᥦ♧ࡋࡓ㸬௨ୗ࡟ᴫせࢆグ㍕ࡍ

ࡿ 11)㸬ࡿ㸬 ⡿ᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㎰ᐙ࡜㣴⻏ᐙࢆྵࡴ㛵ಀྛ⪅ࡢᐦ᥋࡛㐺᫬࡞㐃ᦠࡀ㣫㣴⻏࡬ࡢ㎰⸆᭚㟢ࢆῶࡽࡍ౛እ 1㸸ࡓࡵ࡟㔜せ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㣴⻏ࡀ┒ࢇ࡞ᕞ࡛ࡣ࠙ṧ␃ẘᛶࡀప࠸㸦RT25 ࡀ 6 ᫬㛫ࡼࡾ▷࠸㸧ሙྜࠚ௨๓ࡼࡾ MP3s ࡀ⟇ᐃࡉࢀ㐠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬ᮏάື

RT25 ࡜ࡣ㸪ṧ␃ẘᛶヨ㦂 10)ࡢ⤖ᯝ♧ࡉࢀࡿ࣑ࢶ

ࡣ๓㏙ࡢ኱⤫㡿ぬ᭩ 8)ࡢⓎ⾲࡟ࡼࡾάⓎ໬ࡋ࡚࠾ࣂࢳᡂ⹸ࡢṚஸ⋡ࡀ 25%ࡲ࡛ୗࡀࡿࡢ࡟ᚲせ࡞᫬ࡾ㸪2015 ᖺ 6 ᭶࡟ࡣᕞ-FIFRA ၥ㢟◊✲ホ౯ࢢࣝ㛫࡛࠶ࡿ㸬RT25 ࡀ 6 ᫬㛫௨ୗࢆ♧ࡍሙྜ㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃ

࣮ࣉ㸦SFIREG: State FIFRA Issues Research andࡕṧ␃ẘᛶࡀప࠸࡜ホ౯ࡉࢀࡿ᭷ຠᡂศ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Evaluation Group㸧ࡀ MP3s ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ࢞࢖ࢲࣥࢫࡣ㸪࣑ࢶࣂࢳࡢ㔝እ࡛ࡢάືࡀάⓎ࡛࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽᩥ᭩ 12)ࢆබ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢀࡿ᫬㛫ᖏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ౑⏝ࢆㄆࡵ㸪ඛ࡟♧ࡋࡓࣛ࣋ࣝ

MP3s ࡢ➨୍ࡢ┠ᶆࡣ㸪ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ㛵ಀ⪅ࡀ┤㠃ࡍࡢὀព஦㡯ࢆ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᨵゞࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡿၥ㢟࡟ព㆑ࢆᣢࡕ㸪୍యⓗ࡟㣫㣴⻏࡬ࡢ㎰⸆᭚㟢ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢆῶࡽࡍゎỴ⟇ࢆ⟇ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬༠ㄪᛶࢆᣢࡗࡓ᪉ἲ࡛ၥ㢟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜࡛㸪స≀⏕⏘࡜㣴⻏࠙ዎ⣙ཷ⢊ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ㸪㛤ࡢ୧❧ࡀྍ⬟࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪๓❶࡛⤂௓ࡋࡓ᪉ⰼᮇࡀ᏶஢ࡍࡿࡲ࡛㸪స≀࡬ࡢⱼⴥᩓᕸࢆ㔪 6)࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ MP3s ࡢ㔜せᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬⚗Ṇ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪⥭ᛴ㜵㝖ࡢࡓࡵࡢᩓᕸࡲࡓ ᮏ㡯࡛ࡣ㸪᭱ࡶάⓎ࡟ MP3s ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ࡜

ࡣ᪥ࡢධࡾ 2 ᫬㛫๓࠿ࡽ᪥ࡢฟ 8 ᫬㛫๓ࡢ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕞࡀබ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿィ⏬

ᮇ㛫ࡢᩓᕸࡣ㝖ࡃࠚ13)ࢆᇶ࡟

MP3s ࡢලయⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⤂௓ࡍࡿ㸬
౛እ 2㸸

 03V ࡢ㐺⏝⠊ᅖMP3s ࡣ㸪⌧ᅾ㸪ᑐ㇟ࡀ⟶⌮ࡉࢀࡓⰼ⢊፹௓⪅࡟࠙㛤ⰼᮇ㛫ࡀ㛗࠸ࡲࡓࡣ㛤ⰼᮇࡀᐃࡲࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸స㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ཷ⢊ࡸࡑࡢ௚ࡢࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢࡓࡵ࡟ே≀ࡸ✀Ꮚ᥇ྲྀ⏝᳜≀࡟ᩓᕸࡉࢀࡿሙྜࠚ㛤ⰼᮇ㛫ࡀ㛗࠸ࡲࡓࡣ㛤ⰼᮇࡀᐃࡲࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸㛫࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⟶⌮ࡉࢀࡿ✀ࡀྵࡲࢀࡿ㸬⟶⌮ࡉࢀࡓⰼస≀ࡸ✀Ꮚ᥇ྲྀ⏝᳜≀࡟ᩓᕸࡉࢀࡿሙྜ㸪࣑ࢶࣂࢳ⢊፹௓⪅ࡣ㸪୺࡟ࢭ࢖࣑ࣚ࢘ࢶࣂࢳ㸦Apis mellifera㸧ࡢ㔝እ࡛ࡢάືࡀάⓎ࡛࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ᫬㛫ᖏ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪࢔ࣝࣇ࢓ࣝࣇ࢓ࣁ࢟ࣜࣂࢳ㸦Megachile࠾ࡼࡧẼ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ౑⏝ࢆㄆࡵ㸪ࣛ࣋ࣝࡢὀព஦㡯

rotundata㸧ࡸ୍㒊ࡢࢶࢶࣁࢼࣂࢳ㸦Osmia spp.㸧㸪

ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᨵゞࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࠾ࡼࡧ୍㒊ࡢ࣐ࣝࣁࢼࣂࢳ 㸦Bombus spp㸬㸧ࡀྵ

13ࡲࢀࡿ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪EPA ࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡽ⟶⌮࣮ࢺ㸪ࢢࣞࣥ࠾ࡼࡧࢸࣁ࣐㒆㸧࡛⏕⏘ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 16)ࡉࢀࡓⰼ⢊፹௓⪅࡬ࡢ㎰⸆᭚㟢ࡢࣜࢫࢡࢆ㍍ῶࡍ

ࡓࡵ㸪㣫㣴࣑ࢶࣂࢳ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡞ᆅᇦ࡜ࡉࡿࡓࡵࡢᡓ␎ࡢ኱༙ࡀ㸪㔝⏕⻏ࡸࣁࢳ௨እࡢⰼ⢊፹ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᙜヱᆅᇦ࡛ࡣ࣑ࢶࣂࢳ࡟᭷ᐖ࡞ẅ⹸๣ࡢ௓⪅࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣜࢫࢡࡶ๐ῶࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬౑⏝ࡀணᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡣ㸪ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ 48 ᫬㛫๓࡟ᡤᐃࡢ㐃⤡❆ཱྀ࡬㏻▱ࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ᐖ⹸⟶⌮b) ᯿ᶲ/࣑ࢶࣂࢳಖㆤᆅᇦࡢタ⨨ ࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕞ࡛ࡣ㸪࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕞ㎰⸆つไᒁ㸦DPR: California Department of Pesticide࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕞࡢࢧࣥ࣍࢔࣭࢟ࣥࣂ࣮ࣞࡢ 3 ࡘRegulation㸧࡜࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕞ㣗⣊࣭㎰ᴗ┬ࡢ㒆㸦ࣇࣞࢬࣀ㸪࣮࢝ࣥ࠾ࡼࡧࢸࣞ࢔㒆㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿ

㸦CDFA: California Department of Food and኱つᶍ᯿ᶲ㢮᱂ᇵᆅᇦࡣ᯿ᶲ/࣑ࢶࣂࢳಖㆤᆅᇦ࡜Agriculture㸧ࡀ㸪࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕞ㒆㎰ᴗጤဨ఍ࡋ࡚ᣦᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᙜヱᆅᇦࡢ㣴⻏ᐙࡣ㸪᯿ᶲࡢ

㸦CACs: California’s County Agricultural㛤ⰼᮇ㛫㸦3 ᭶ 15 ᪥࠿ࡽ 5 ᭶ 31 ᪥㸧࡟≉ᐃࡢ㎰⸆Commissioners㸧࡜⥭ᐦ࡟㐃ᦠࡋ࡚㎰⸆ࡢ౑⏝ࢆつࡢ౑⏝ணᐃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚஦๓㏻▱ࢆཷࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡗไࡋࣜࢫࢡࡢప࠸ᐖ⹸⟶⌮ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡢ⤌⧊ࡣ㸪MP3s ࡢάື࡛୰ᚰⓗᙺ๭ࢆᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ㎰ᐙ࠾ࡼࡧ㣴⻏ᐙࡀὀពࡍ࡭ࡁ஦㡯㣫㣴⻏࡬ࡢ㎰⸆᭚㟢ࢆῶࡽࡍࡓࡵ࡟ὀពࡍ࡭ࡁ ࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάື஦㡯ࡣ㎰ᐙ࠾ࡼࡧ㣴⻏ᐙ࡛␗࡞ࡿ㸬MP3s ࡟グ㍕ࡉ㣫㣴⻏࡬ࡢ㎰⸆᭚㟢ࢆῶࡽࡍࡓࡵࡢྛ✀࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάື࡜ࡋ࡚ࡇࢀࡲ࡛௨ୗࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ➼ࡀᐇࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㎰ᐙ࠾ࡼࡧ㣴⻏ᐙࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡀྲྀࡾ⤌ࡵ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡿ஦㡯࡟ࡘ࠸࡚௨ୗ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓ㸬a) ㎰ᐙࡸ㎰⸆౑⏝⪅ࡀྲྀࡾ⤌ࡵࡿ஦㡯࣭฼ᐖ㛵ಀ⪅఍㆟ࡢ㛤ദ㸦2014 ᖺ 3 ᭶㸪DPR ࡜࣭࢝㎰⸆ᩓᕸሙᡤ㏆㎶㸦༙ᚄ 1 ࣐࢖ࣝෆ㸧࡟࠶ࡿᕢ⟽ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔࢔࣮ࣔࣥࢻ༠఍㸦ABC: Almond
Board of California㸧㸧ࡢ≉ᐃ࣭ ABC ࡀ ࢝ ࣜ ࣇ ࢛ ࣝ ࢽ ࢔ ᕞ 㣴 ⻏ ༠ ఍ 㸦 CSBA:࣭ᕢ⟽ࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜ㐺ษ࡞⦆⾪ᇦࢆ☜ಖࡋࡓ㎰⸆ࡢᩓ

California State Beekeepers Association㸧
㸪DPR㸪EPA ➼ ࡜ ࢫ ࢸ ࣮ ࢡ ࣍ ࣝ ࢲ ࣮ ࢢ ࣝ ࣮ ࣉ ࢆ ⤖ ᡂᕸ࣭㣫㣴⻏࡟᭷ᐖ࡞ẅ⹸๣ࡢ౑⏝ࢆணᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡢ㣴⻏ᐙ࡬ࡢ஦๓㸦ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ 48 ᫬㛫๓㸧㏻▱

㸦2014 ᖺ㸧࣭㎰⸆〇๣ࡢࣛ࣋ࣝࢆ෌☜ㄆࡋࣛ࣋ࣝࡢᣦ♧࡟ᚑࡗ࣭ୖグࢫࢸ࣮ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡛࢔࣮ࣔࣥࢻ᱂ᇵ
ࡢ᭱Ⰻ⟶⌮ᐇ᪋ᇶ‽㸦BMPs: Best Managementࡓ㎰⸆ࡢ᪋⏝ࡢᚭᗏ

Practices㸧ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࣭㣫㣴⻏ࡢ⩦ᛶࢆ⌮ゎࡋ㸪㣫㣴⻏ࡢάືࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࣭DPR ୺ദࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ㛤ദ㸦2015 ᖺ; ”Bee᫬㛫ᖏ࡛ࡢ㎰⸆ࡢᩓᕸ

Aware!”㸪2017 ᖺ; “Bee Safe”㸧࣭㣫㣴⻏࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡼࡾṧ␃ẘᛶࡢప࠸ẅ⹸๣ࡢ㑅ᢥ࣭ྛ㐺⏝స≀࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㣫㣴⻏ࡀዲࡴ᫬ᮇࢆ⌮ゎࡋ㸪࣭࣮ࣜࣇࣞࢵࢺࡢసᡂa)㎰ᐙ࡜㣴⻏ᐙ㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᝟ሗඹ᭷ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶㣫㣴⻏ࡀゼⰼ୰ࡢ㎰⸆ᩓᕸࢆ㑊ࡅࡿࡿࡇ࡜ࢆὀពႏ㉳ࡍࡿ࣮ࣜࣇࣞࢵࢺ 14)࣭పࢻࣜࣇࢺࡢᩓᕸ᪉ἲࡸపࢻࣜࣇࢺࡢࣀࢬࣝࢆ᥇b)㣴⻏ሙࡢ఩⨨ࢆ CACs ࡬Ⓩ㘓ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⏝ࡋࡓ㎰⸆ࡢ᪋⏝ὀពႏ㉳ࡢ࣮ࣜࣇࣞࢵࢺ 15)࣭ᙉ㢼᫬ࡢᩓᕸࢆ㑊ࡅࡿ࣭ ⥲ ྜ ⓗ ⑓ ᐖ ⹸ ⟶ ⌮ 㸦 IPM: Integrated Pest

Management㸧࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡢ㐺⏝ ᆅᇦ࡟ࡼࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳa) ㏻▱ᆅᇦ㸦notification region㸧ࡢタ⨨࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࣑ࢶࣂࢳࡢዪ⋤⻏ࡢ༙ᩘࡣ࢝b) 㣴⻏ᐙࡀྲྀࡾ⤌ࡵࡿ஦㡯ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕞ໭㒊㸦ࢧࢡ࣓ࣛࣥࢺ໭㒊 3 㒆: ࣅࣗ143)https://archive.epa.gov/pesticides/news/web/pdf

࣭ᆅ᪉㎰ᴗጤဨ఍࡬ࡢᕢ⟽ࡢⓏ㘓ࡢᚭᗏ/lrm-chap1-18.pdf

࣭ᅵᆅᡤ᭷⪅࡜ࡢᕢ⟽㓄⨨ሙᡤࡢ༑ศ࡞༠㆟4)https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2013࣭㞟୰ⓗ࡞㎰⸆ᩓᕸ᫬ࡢᕢ⟽ࡢ㝸㞳ࡸ⛣ື

-11/documents/bee-label-info-ltr.pdf

࣭ᕢ⟽࿘㎶࡛㎰⸆ࡀ౑⏝ࡉࢀࡿ᫬ᮇ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᝟ሗ཰

5)https://cals.arizona.edu/crop/vegetables/adviso㞟ࡢᐇ᪋࣭Ύ₩࡞Ỉ※ࡢ☜ಖ

ries/docs/062315_EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0818-000࣭㣫㣴⻏࡬༑ศ࡞ᰤ㣴⣲ࢆ౪⤥ࡋ㸪㣫㣴⻏ࡀ᥇㣵ࡢ2.pdf

ࡓࡵ࡟㛗㊥㞳㣕⩧ࢆ⾜ࢃ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺⻏⩌ࢆ⟶⌮6)U.S.EPA

OPP(2017a):

U.S.Environmental

Protection Agency’s Policy to Mitigate the㸦㛗㊥㞳⛣ືࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࣑ࢶࣂࢳࡀ㎰⸆࡟᭚㟢ࡍ

Acute Risk to Bees from Pesticide ProductsSࡿࣜࢫࢡࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࡓࡵ㸧7)࣭㣴⻏࡛౑⏝ࡍࡿ⸆๣㸦ࢲࢽ㥑㝖๣➼㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࣛ

U.S.EPA(2015):

ImpactEstimates

fromProposed and Revised Pollinator Labeling for࣋ࣝࡢᣦ♧࡟ᚑࡗࡓ᪋⏝ࡢᚭᗏ

Representative Blooming Agricultural Crops

࣭㎰⸆ࡀ㛵㐃ࡋࡓ␲࠸ࡢ࠶ࡿ㣫㣴⻏ࡢ⿕ᐖࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ

Utilizing Commercial Pollination Services

ࡓ㝿㸪CACs ࡬㐺ษ࡞⿕ᐖ≧ἣሗ࿌ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡢ8)https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-presᚭᗏ㸦௒ᚋࡢᑐ⟇⟇ᐃ࡟ࡣ⿕ᐖ᝟ሗࡢゎᯒࡀ୙ྍs-office/2014/06/20/presidential-memorandum-Ḟ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸧

creating-federal-strategy-promote-health-hone䛚 䜟 䜚 䛻y-b9)U.S.EPA OPP(2017b):⡿ᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㣫㣴⻏࡬ࡢ㎰⸆᭚㟢ࢆῶࡽࡍࡓࡵ

Response to Publicࡢ㏆ᖺࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ EPA ࡀබ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᝟ሗ➼࠿Comments Submitted on the Environmentalࡽ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ㸬࣑ࢶࣂࢳ➼㣫㣴⻏ࡢάື⠊ᅖࡣᗈProtectionࡃ㸪㣫㣴⻏ࡀ㎰⸆࡟᭚㟢ࡍࡿࣜࢫࢡࢆ᏶඲࡟࡞ࡃࡍ

Exposure to Bees from Acutely Toxic Pesticideࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬⡿ᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᑐ⟇ࡣ㸪㎰ᐙ࡜㣴⻏

Products

Agency’s

ProposaltoMitigate10) U.S.EPA OCSPP: Ecological Effects Testᐙࡢ཮᪉࡛࣑ࢶࣂࢳࡀ㎰⸆࡟᭚㟢ࡍࡿᶵ఍ࢆࡼࡾ

Guidelinesᑡ࡞ࡃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟㔜Ⅼࢆ⨨࠸࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㎰ᐙ࡜㣴⻏ᐙ

OCSPP

850.3030

HoneyBeeToxicity of Residues on Foliage㛫ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ㛵ಀ⪅㛫ࡢࣜࢫࢡ࣭ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩ11) ᒸ⏣୍ḟ(1955): ᳜≀㜵␿ 9.p.22-24

ࣙࣥࡢ㔜せᛶࡀᨵࡵ࡚☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸬12)https://aapco.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/sfirⰼ⢊፹௓⪅࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㎰⸆ࡢࣜࢫࢡホ౯ࡢṔྐࡣ

eg-mp3-guidance-final.pdf

ὸ࠸㸬ⰼ⢊፹௓⪅࡜㎰⸆ࢆᕠࡿ≧ἣࡣ᪥ࠎኚ໬ࡋ࡚13)https://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/enforce/pollinato࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ྛᅜࡀ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࣜࢫࢡホ౯ᡭἲࡸ᭷ຠ
࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࣜࢫࢡ⟶⌮ᡭἲ➼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㐺

rs/ca_managed_pollinator_protection_plan.pdf

ᐅᨵၿࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㎰⸆ࡢ౑⏝࡜ⰼ⢊፹௓⪅14)https://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/enforce/pollinato
rs/collaboration_brochure.pdfࡢ㛵ಀ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ᖖ࡟᭱᪂ࡢ᝟ሗࢆ

15)https://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/enforce/pollinato཰㞟ࡋゎᯒࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬

rs/apiary_brochure.pdf16) EricC.MussenandRobbinW.Thor(2000): ࣑ࢶᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ࣂࢳ⛉Ꮫ 21(1).p1-8

㸦඲ URL ࡢࣜࣥࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ☜ㄆࡣ㸪2018 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 24 ᪥࡟ᐇ᪋㸬㸧1)https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.
2903/j.efsa.2013.3295
2)https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-06/documents/pollinator_risk_assessment_gui
dance_06_19_14.pdf

15⾲ 㸬ࣁࢨ࣮ࢻ࣮࣋ࢫࡢไ㝈࡛ࡢᙳ㡪㸦/' ࡀ wJEHH ᮍ‶ࡢ᭷ຠᡂศࢆྵࡴ〇๣ࡢ౑⏝ࢆไ㝈㸧ᙳ㡪䛾㻌⛬ᗘ㻌స≀㻌ᙳ㡪䜢ཷ䛡䜛㻌㠃✚䠄㻑䠅㻌௦᭰㻌䝁䝇䝖䠄㻐䠅㻌䜰䞊䝰䞁䝗㻌ோᯝ䞉᰾ᯝ䠄ᮾ㒊䠅㻌䠘㻝㻜㻌㻠㻜㻙㻝㻜㻜㻌㻣㻥㻌㻢㻡㻙㻥㻢㻌䛺䛧㻌㻝㻜㻙㻞㻜䠂䠄䡻䢚䡯䢍䡸䠅㻌ோᯝ䞉᰾ᯝ䠄す㒊䠅㻌㻠㻜㻙㻡㻜㻌㻣㻙㻟㻝㻌䛺䛧㻌䛔䛱䛤㻌䠘㻞㻜㻌㻠㻤㻌ከ㢠㻔䡭䢈䢚䢓䢍䡸䠈䡭䡷䢚䢌䡯䢋䠈䡲䡹䢌䡲䢎䢍䡸㻕㻌ᮌ䜲䝏䝂㻌㻝㻜㻜㻌㻞㻤㻙㻢㻡㻌ከ㢠㻔䡭䢈䢚䢓䢍䡸䠈䡭䡷䢚䢌䡯䢋㻕㻌㧗㻌䝤䝹䞊䝧䝸䞊㻌୙᫂㻌୙᫂㻌ᑡ㢠㻔䡭䡷䢚䢌䡯䢋㻕㻌୰㻌䜽䝷䞁䝧䝸䞊㻌୙᫂㻌୙᫂㻌ᑡ㢠㻔すᾏᓊ໭㒊䛾䡻䢚䡯䢍䡸㻕㻌୰㻌䜹䞁䝍䝻䞊䝥䝯䝻䞁㻌㻝㻜㻜㻌㻜㻙㻝㻤㻌ከ㢠㻔䡭䢈䢚䢓䢍䡸䠈䡶䢁䡸䢚䢓䢌䠈䡭䡷䢚䢌䡯䢋䠈䡲䢎䢍䡸㻕㻌㧗㻌ண᝿䛥䜜䜛ᦆኻ㻔ཎᅉ㻕㻌ప㻌㧗㻌ప㻙୰㻌㧗㻌䛝䜕䛖䜚㻌㻤㻡㻌㻜㻙㻞㻡㻌ከ㢠㻔䡭䢈䢚䢓䢍䡸䠈䡭䡷䢚䢌䡯䢋䠈䡼䢚䢂䠈䡯䢔䢆䢍䡸䠄䢌䡸䡲䢚䢙ᕞ䠅㻕㻌㧗㻌䝟䞁䝥䜻䞁䠆㻌㻝㻜㻌㻜㻙㻞㻡㻌ከ㢠㻔䡭䢈䢚䢓䢍䡸䠈䡶䢁䡸䢚䢓䢌䠈䡭䡷䢚䢌䡯䢋䠈⏥⹸䠈䡲䢎䢍䡸㻕㻌㧗㻌䝇䜽䝽䝑䝅䝳 㻌㻝㻜㻜㻌㻣㻙㻞㻞㻌ከ㢠㻔䡭䢈䢚䢓䢍䡸䠈䡶䢁䡸䢚䢓䢌䠈䡭䡷䢚䢌䡯䢋䠈⏥⹸䠈䡲䢎䢍䡸㻕㻌㧗㻌䜰䝹䝣䜯䝹䝣䜯✀Ꮚ㻌୙᫂㻌୙᫂㻌ከ㢠㻔䡲䡹䢌䡲䢎䢍䡸䠈䡭䢈䢚䢓䢍䡸㻕㻌㧗㻌䝠䝬䝽䝸㻌୙᫂㻌୙᫂㻌㉸ከ㢠㻔᭱኱ 㻝㻜㻜䠂㻕㻌㻔䡻䢚䡯䢍䡸䠅㻌㧗㻌䠆䠆䜹䝪䝏䝱⾲ 㸬ࣜࢫࢡ࣮࣋ࢫࡢไ㝈࡛ࡢᙳ㡪  㸦54 ࡀ  ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ〇๣ࡢ౑⏝ࢆไ㝈㸧స≀㻌௦᭰๣䛾᭷ຠᡂศ㻌௦᭰㻌䝁䝇䝖䠄㻐䠅㻌ண᝿䛥䜜䜛ᦆኻ㻔ཎᅉ㻕㻌ᙳ㡪䛾㻌⛬ᗘ㻌䜰䞊䝰䞁䝗㻌䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗㻌㻡㻟㻌䛺䛧㻌ప㻌ோᯝ䞉᰾ᯝ䠄ᮾ㒊䠅㻌䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗㻌㻝㻡㻙㻠㻢㻌䛺䛧㻌ప㻌ோᯝ䞉᰾ᯝ䠄す㒊䠅㻌䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗㻌㻜㻙㻞㻠㻌䛺䛧㻌䛔䛱䛤㻌䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗䠈䝡䝣䜵䝘䝊䞊䝖㻌㻜㻙㻡㻞㻌ᑡ㢠㻔䡲䡹䢌䡲䢎䢍䡸㻕㻌ᮌ䜲䝏䝂㻌䝤䝹䞊䝧䝸䞊㻌䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗㻌䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗㻌㻜㻙㻡㻟㻌୙᫂㻌䛺䛧㻌䛺䛧㻌䜽䝷䞁䝧䝸䞊㻌䜲䞁䝗䜻䝃䜹䝹䝤䠈䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗㻌୙᫂㻌䛺䛧㻌䜹䞁䝍䝻䞊䝥䝯䝻䞁㻌䛝䜕䛖䜚㻌䝟䞁䝥䜻䞁䠆㻌䝇䜽䝽䝑䝅䝳䠆㻌䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗㻌䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗㻌䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗㻌䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗㻌㻞㻞㻙㻣㻢㻌㻜㻙㻤㻣㻌㻞㻡㻙㻡㻢㻌㻡㻠㻙㻝㻜㻣㻌ᑡ㢠㻔䡭䡷䢚䢌䡯䢋䠈༙⩟┠㻕㻌ᑡ㢠㻔䡭䡷䢚䢌䡯䢋䠈༙⩟┠㻕㻌ᑡ㢠㻔䡭䡷䢚䢌䡯䢋䠈༙⩟┠㻕㻌ᑡ㢠㻔䡭䡷䢚䢌䡯䢋䠈༙⩟┠㻕㻌୰㻙㧗㻌୰㻙㧗㻌୰㻙㧗㻌୰㻙㧗㻌䜰䝹䝣䜯䝹䝣䜯✀Ꮚ㻌 䜰䝉䝍䝭䝥䝸䝗䠈䝜䝞䝹䝻䞁㻌୙᫂㻌ᑡ㢠㻔䡲䡹䢌䡲䢎䢍䡸䠈䡭䢈䢚䢓䢍䡸㻕㻌㧗㻌䝠䝬䝽䝸㻌୙᫂㻌㉸ከ㢠㻔᭱኱ 㻝㻜㻜䠂㻕㻌㻔䡻䢚䡯䢍䡸㻕㻌㧗㻌䛺䛧㻌䠆䜹䝪䝏䝱16ప㻌୰㻙㧗㻌ప㻌ప㻌ప㻌