4411-0089
Version 4.F
September 20, 2011

4411-0089
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Copyright 2003-2011

Princeton Instruments, a division of Roper Scientific, Inc.
3660 Quakerbridge Rd
Trenton, NJ 08619
TEL: 800-874-9789 / 609-587-9797
FAX: 609-587-1970

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without the written
permission of Princeton Instruments, a division of Roper Scientific, Inc. ("Princeton Instruments").
Printed in the United States of America.
IPLab is a registered trademark of Scanalytics, Inc.
LabVIEW is a registered trademark of National Instruments, Inc.
Logitech is a registered trademark of Logitech
Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.
Microsoft, Windows and Vista are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States
and/or other countries.
OMA V is a trademark and PVCAM is a registered trademark of Roper Scientific, Inc.
Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.
Radio Shack is a registered trademark of TRS Quality, Inc.
Scientific Imaging ToolKit and SITK are trademarks of R Cubed Software Consultants, LLC.
TAXI is a registered trademark of AMD Corporation.
The information in this publication is believed to be accurate as of the publication release date. However,Princeton Instruments does not assume any responsibility for any consequences including any damages
resulting from the use thereof. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.
Revision of this publication may be issued to incorporate such change.

Table of Contents
Chapter 1 General Information ............................................................................9Introduction......................................................................................................................... 9
Detector Window .............................................................................................................. 10
About this Manual ............................................................................................................ 11
Manual Organization .................................................................................................. 11
Safety Related Symbols Used in this Manual ............................................................ 12
Grounding and Safety ....................................................................................................... 12
Precautions........................................................................................................................ 12
Cleaning ............................................................................................................................ 13
Controller and Detector .............................................................................................. 13
Optical Surfaces ......................................................................................................... 13

Chapter 2 System Component Descriptions ...................................................15
OMA V:InGaAs Detector ................................................................................................. 15
ST-133 Controller ............................................................................................................. 16
Cables ............................................................................................................................... 19
Interface Card ................................................................................................................... 20
Application Software ........................................................................................................ 20
User Manuals .................................................................................................................... 21

Chapter 3 Installation Overview ........................................................................23
Chapter 4 System Setup ....................................................................................25
Unpacking the System ...................................................................................................... 25
Checking the Equipment and Parts Inventory .................................................................. 25
System Requirements ....................................................................................................... 26
Environmental ............................................................................................................ 26
Ventilation .................................................................................................................. 26
Coolant ....................................................................................................................... 26
Power.......................................................................................................................... 26
Host Computer ........................................................................................................... 27
Verifying Controller Voltage Setting ............................................................................... 28
Installing the Application Software .................................................................................. 28
Setting up the Communication Interface .......................................................................... 29
Setting up a PCI Interface .......................................................................................... 29
Setting up a USB 2.0 Interface ................................................................................... 30
Mounting the Detector ...................................................................................................... 33
Lens Mount ................................................................................................................ 33
Spectrometer Mount ................................................................................................... 33
Connecting the Detector-Controller Cable ....................................................................... 34
Connecting the Interface (Controller-Computer) Cable ................................................... 34
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TAXI® Cable .............................................................................................................. 34
USB 2.0 Cable ............................................................................................................ 35
Entering the Default Camera System Parameters into WinX (WinSpec/32 or
WinView/32) .............................................................................................................. 35
Making the Optional Coolant Circulator-Detector Connections ...................................... 37
Filling the Dewar .............................................................................................................. 38
Fill Procedure ............................................................................................................. 38

Chapter 5 Operation ...........................................................................................41
Introduction....................................................................................................................... 41
Data Acquisition Overview .............................................................................................. 42
USB 2.0 and System On/Off Sequences ........................................................................... 43
First Light (Spectroscopy) ................................................................................................ 44
Assumptions ............................................................................................................... 44
Getting Started ........................................................................................................... 44
Setting the Parameters ................................................................................................ 44
Focusing ..................................................................................................................... 45
Data Collection........................................................................................................... 47
Shutdown.................................................................................................................... 47
First Light (Imaging) ........................................................................................................ 48
Assumptions ............................................................................................................... 48
Warnings .................................................................................................................... 48
Getting Started ........................................................................................................... 48
Setting the Parameters ................................................................................................ 49
Acquiring Data ........................................................................................................... 50
Exposure and Signal ......................................................................................................... 51
Introduction ................................................................................................................ 51
Array Architecture ..................................................................................................... 51
Exposure Time ........................................................................................................... 51
Noise Sources ............................................................................................................. 52
Array Temperature ..................................................................................................... 52
Background Subtraction ............................................................................................. 53
Flat Field Correction .................................................................................................. 54
Dark Signal ................................................................................................................. 54
Saturation ................................................................................................................... 55
Readout ............................................................................................................................. 55
Introduction ................................................................................................................ 55
Region of Interest (ROI) ............................................................................................ 55
Analog Gain Control .................................................................................................. 55
Digitization ....................................................................................................................... 56
Introduction ................................................................................................................ 56
Digitization Rate ........................................................................................................ 56
ADC Offset (Baseline Offset) .................................................................................... 57
Binning ............................................................................................................................. 57

Chapter 6 Advanced Topics .............................................................................59
Introduction....................................................................................................................... 59
Standard Timing Modes ................................................................................................... 59
Free Run ..................................................................................................................... 60iv

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External Sync ............................................................................................................. 60
Fast Mode ......................................................................................................................... 62
TTL Control ...................................................................................................................... 64
Introduction ................................................................................................................ 64
TTL In ........................................................................................................................ 64
Buffered vs. Latched Inputs ....................................................................................... 65
TTL Out ..................................................................................................................... 65
TTL Diagnostics Screen ............................................................................................. 66
Hardware Interface ..................................................................................................... 66
Example ...................................................................................................................... 67

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting................................................................................69
Introduction....................................................................................................................... 69
Baseline Signal Suddenly Changes .................................................................................. 70
Camera1 (or similar name) on Hardware Setup dialog .................................................... 70
Changing the ST-133 Line Voltage and Fuses ................................................................. 71
Controller Is Not Responding ........................................................................................... 72
Cooling Troubleshooting .................................................................................................. 72
Temperature Lock cannot be Achieved or Maintained. ............................................. 72
Detector loses Temperature Lock .............................................................................. 73
Gradual Deterioration of Cooling Capability............................................................. 73
Data Loss or Serial Violation ........................................................................................... 73
Data Overrun Due to Hardware Conflict message ........................................................... 74
Data Overrun Has Occurred message ............................................................................... 74
Demo is only Choice on Hardware Wizard:Interface dialog (Versions 2.5.19.0
and Earlier) ................................................................................................................. 75
Demo, High Speed PCI, and PCI(Timer) are Choices on Hardware
Wizard:Interface dialog (Versions 2.5.19.0 and Earlier) ........................................... 76
Detector Temperature, Acquire, and Focus are Grayed Out (Versions 2.5.19.0
and Earlier) ................................................................................................................. 78
Error Creating Controller message ................................................................................... 79
Error occurs at Computer Powerup .................................................................................. 80
No CCD Named in the Hardware Wizard:CCD dialog (Versions 2.5.19.0 and
Earlier)........................................................................................................................ 82
Program Error message ..................................................................................................... 83
Removing/Installing a Plug-In Module............................................................................. 84
Securing the Detector-Controller Cable Slide Latch ........................................................ 86
Serial violations have occurred. Check interface cable. ................................................... 87
Vignetting ......................................................................................................................... 87

Appendix A Specifications ................................................................................89
Photodiode Array .............................................................................................................. 89
OMA V:512-1.7 LN ................................................................................................... 89
OMA V:512-1.7 TE ................................................................................................... 89
OMA V:1024-1.7 LN ................................................................................................. 90
OMA V:1024-2.2 LN ................................................................................................. 90
2-D OMA V:320-1.7 LN ............................................................................................ 90
Detector............................................................................................................................. 91
Controller .......................................................................................................................... 91v

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Appendix B Outline Drawings ...........................................................................93
Liquid Nitrogen-Cooled Detector (Linear PDA) .............................................................. 93
Liquid Nitrogen-Cooled Detector (2-D OMA FPA) ........................................................ 95
Thermoelectrically-Cooled Detector ................................................................................ 98
ST-133A Controller .......................................................................................................... 99
ST-133B Controller .......................................................................................................... 99

Appendix C Mercury-Argon Pen Lamp Spectrum ........................................101
Appendix D Spectrometer Adapters ...............................................................103
Acton (LN & TE)............................................................................................................ 104
Chromex 250 IS (LN & TE) ........................................................................................... 105
ISA HR 320 (LN & TE) ................................................................................................. 106
ISA HR 640 (LN & TE) ................................................................................................. 107
JY TRIAX-OMA (LN) ................................................................................................... 108
JY TRIAX family (TE) ................................................................................................... 109
SPEX 270M (LN & TE) ................................................................................................. 110
SPEX 500M (LN & TE) ................................................................................................. 111
SPEX TripleMate (LN & TE) ........................................................................................ 112

Appendix E USB 2.0 Limitations .....................................................................113
Appendix F Adapter and Lens Focusing Procedures ...................................115
F-Mount Adapter Focusing Procedure ........................................................................... 115
Lens Focusing Procedure ................................................................................................ 116

Declarations of Conformity .............................................................................117
Warranty & Service...........................................................................................121
Limited Warranty............................................................................................................ 121
Basic Limited One (1) Year Warranty ..................................................................... 121
Limited One (1) Year Warranty on Refurbished or Discontinued Products............ 121
XP Vacuum Chamber Limited Lifetime Warranty .................................................. 121
Sealed Chamber Integrity Limited 12 Month Warranty .......................................... 122
Vacuum Integrity Limited 12 Month Warranty ....................................................... 122
Image Intensifier Detector Limited One Year Warranty ......................................... 122
X-Ray Detector Limited One Year Warranty .......................................................... 122
Software Limited Warranty...................................................................................... 122
Owner's Manual and Troubleshooting ..................................................................... 123
Your Responsibility ................................................................................................. 123
Contact Information ........................................................................................................ 124

Index ..................................................................................................................125vi

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FiguresFigure 1. OMA V:InGaAs Detectors ................................................................................. 9
Figure 2. Power Switch Location (ST-133A and ST-133B) ........................................... 16
Figure 3. ST-133 Rear Panel Callouts ............................................................................. 18
Figure 4. System Diagram: TE-cooled Detector ............................................................. 24
Figure 5. System Diagram: LN-cooled Detector ............................................................. 24
Figure 6. Controller Power Module ................................................................................. 28
Figure 7. WinSpec Installation: Interface Card Driver Selection .................................... 28
Figure 8. Camera Detection Wizard - Welcome dialog................................................... 35
Figure 9. RSConfig dialog ............................................................................................... 36
Figure 10. Hardware Setup wizard: PVCAM dialog ....................................................... 36
Figure 11. Coolant Ports .................................................................................................. 37
Figure 12. Dewar Fill Port ............................................................................................... 38
Figure 13. Block Diagram of Signal Path in System ....................................................... 42
Figure 14. In/Out Focus .................................................................................................. 46
Figure 15. WinSpec/32 Detector Temperature dialog ..................................................... 52
Figure 16. Automatic Background Subtraction .............................................................. 53
Figure 17. Background Subtraction: Before and After Images ....................................... 53
Figure 18. Acquisition menu (on left) and Data Corrections tab (on right) .................... 54
Figure 19. Timing tab ...................................................................................................... 59
Figure 20. Free Run timing chart, part of the chart in Figure 24.................................... 60
Figure 21. Free Run Timing Diagram ............................................................................. 60
Figure 22. Chart showing two External Sync Timing Options ....................................... 61
Figure 23. External Sync Timing diagram....................................................................... 62
Figure 24. Flowchart of Fast Mode Operation ............................................................... 63
Figure 25. TTL In/Out Connector ................................................................................... 66
Figure 26. Camera1 in Controller Type (Camera Name) Field ....................................... 70
Figure 27. Power Input Module ....................................................................................... 71
Figure 28. Fuse Holder .................................................................................................... 71
Figure 29. Data Overrun Due to Hardware Conflict dialog ............................................ 74
Figure 30. Hardware Wizard: Interface dialog ................................................................ 75
Figure 31. RSConfig dialog ............................................................................................. 75
Figure 32. Hardware Wizard: PVCAM dialog ................................................................ 76
Figure 33. Hardware Wizard: Interface dialog ................................................................ 76
Figure 34. RSConfig dialog: Two Camera Styles ........................................................... 77
Figure 35. Hardware Wizard: PVCAM dialog ............................................................... 77
Figure 36. RSConfig dialog: Two Camera Styles ........................................................... 78
Figure 37. Error Creating Controller dialog .................................................................... 79
Figure 38. Hardware Wizard: Detector/Camera/CCD dialog.......................................... 82
Figure 39. Program Error dialog ...................................................................................... 83
Figure 40. Module Installation ........................................................................................ 84
Figure 41. Serial Violations Have Occurred dialog ........................................................ 87
Figure 42. OMA V:InGaAs, LN-Cooled Detector (Design phased in on or about June
2006) ............................................................................................................... 93
Figure 43. OMA V:InGaAs, LN-Cooled Detector (Design phased out on or about June
2006) ............................................................................................................... 94
Figure 44. OMA V:InGaAs, 2-D LN-Cooled Detector, C-Mount................................... 95
Figure 45. OMA V:InGaAs, 2-D LN-Cooled Detector, F-Mount (Nikon) ..................... 96
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Figure 46. OMA V:InGaAs, 2-D LN-Cooled Detector, Spectroscopy-Mount ................ 97
Figure 47. OMA V:InGaAs, NTE Side View................................................................. 98
Figure 48. OMA V: InGaAs, NTE Front and Back Views.............................................. 98
Figure 49. ST-133A Controller Dimensions ................................................................... 99
Figure 50. ST-133B Controller Dimensions .................................................................... 99
Figure 51. F-mount Adjustment..................................................................................... 115

TablesTable 1. PCI Driver Files and Locations ......................................................................... 30
Table 2. USB Driver Files and Locations........................................................................ 32
Table 3. Timing Modes for OMA V Detectors ............................................................... 59
Table 4. Bit Values with Decimal Equivalents: 1 = High, 0 = Low ............................... 65
Table 5. TTL In/Out Connector Pinout ........................................................................... 66
Table 6. I/O Address & Interrupt Assignments before Installing Serial Card ................. 80
Table 7. I/O Address & Interrupt Assignment after Installing Serial Card ..................... 81
Table 8. Feature Support under USB 2.0....................................................................... 113

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Chapter 1
General Information
Introduction
The OMA V:InGaAs uses a 512-element or 1024element linear InGaAs photodiode array (PDA) for nearinfrared (NIR) spectroscopy applications and a 320 x
256 InGaAs focal plane array (FPA) for NIR imaging
applications. InGaAs provides excellent response in the
NIR from 0.8 to 1.7 µm or from 1 to 2.2 µm, dependingon the OMA V detector. This 16-bit detector offers
outstanding sensitivity for applications such as NIR
Raman and emission, plus high dynamic range for NIR
transmission, reflectance, and absorbance.
The liquid nitrogen-cooled version of OMA V:InGaAs
photodiode array detector is ideal for low light levelapplications requiring long integration times. The
Figure 1. OMA V:InGaAs Detectors
thermoelectrically-cooled version provides similar
performance with the added benefit of freedom from the constraints of liquid-nitrogenusage and handling.
The photodiode array (PDA) is a third generation, solid state, image device capable ofperforming these three essential functions: transducing photons to electrons, integrating
and storing, and reading. The array is rugged, compact, and resilient to mechanicalshocks, direct exposure to high light levels, and magnetic and RF radiation. PDAs are
particularly suited to applications where accuracy, precision, high dynamic range, low
noise and high geometric stability are most important. The arrays are, to a great degree,
lag and blooming free.
Used in the 2-D OMA V:320 detector, the focal plane array (FPA) is a two-dimensional
array of photodiodes that is particularly well suited for near infrared imaging (NIR)
applications. The electronics are based on our successful OMA V platform and thedetector has a 5MHz readout speed that delivers high frame rate of 53 frames per second.
The key specification for the detector is the deep cooling (LN based) to -100C which
reduces the dark signal and allows long integration times.
General FeaturesCompact and lightweight design allows easy interfacing with various
spectrometers and alignment with optical systems.

Widest range of temperature control:
LN-cooling: -50C to -100C.

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TE-cooling: ambient to <-45°C with air-assist.
QE vs. Temperature: The red edge (long wavelengths) of the QE curve
moves -0.8 nm/°C as temperature is decreased.
Dark Signal vs. Temperature: Dark signal is reduced as the arraytemperature is decreased.
Maximum user safety: Three different valves protect against pressure buildup
either in the LN container or in the vacuum vessel.
The OMA V:InGaAs LN-cooled detector has three distinct sections:

The front enclosure contains the array seated on a cold finger. This finger is incontact with the LN Dewar and has a heater to regulate the array temperature.
The front enclosure opens into the vacuum jacket that surrounds the internal LN
Dewar.

The Dewar is filled through a sealable top opening, and has two pressure-relief
valves operating at 1 and 10 psi to safely vent N2 gas.

The electronics enclosure contains the preamplifier and array driver board. This
keeps all signal leads to the preamplifier as short as possible and provides
complete RF shielding.

The OMA V:InGaAs TE-cooled detector has three distinct sections:

The front enclosure contains the array seated on a cold finger, with an attachedthermal sensing diode to monitor its temperature. The cold finger is seated on amulti-stage Peltier thermoelectric cooler, driven by closed-loop proportional-control
circuitry.



The electronics enclosure contains the preamplifier and array driver boards. This
keeps all signal leads to the preamplifier as short as possible and provides complete
RF shielding.

The back enclosure contains the heat exchanger that is cooled by an internal fan. Air
is drawn in from the rear most vents on the side of the detector and is exhausted
through the front most side vents. Liquid-assisted cooling is optional.

Detector Window
WARNINGS Never remove the detector’s front window; ice will form immediately, destroying the array.
Operations requiring contact with the device can only be performed at the factory.
Never operate the detector cooled without proper evacuation. This could destroy the array!
This window maintains the vacuum in the detector; and, for LN-cooled detectors, itmaintains the vacuum in the Dewar. With the exception of the 2-D OMAV:320, thewindow is made of the highest quality quartz available. A sapphire window is used in the
2-D OMAV:320.

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About this Manual
Manual Organization
This manual provides the user with all the information needed to install an OMA V
detector and place it in operation. Topics covered include a detailed description of thedetector, installation, cleaning, specifications and more.
Notes:
1. The general identifier "ST-133" is used for both the ST-133A Controller and theST-133B Controller. Where there is a difference, the specific identifier is used.
2.

"WinX" is a generic term for WinView/32, WinSpec/32, and WinXTest application
software.
Chapter 1, Introduction briefly describes the OMA V family of detectors; details
the structure of this manual; and documents environmental, storage, and cleaning
requirements.
Chapter 2, System Component Descriptions provides descriptions of eachsystem component.
Chapter 3, Installation Overview cross-references system setup actions with therelevant manuals and/or manual pages. It also contains system layout diagrams.
Chapter 4, System Setup provides detailed directions for setting up thecomputer interface, interconnecting the system components, and mounting thedetector to a spectrometer.
Chapter 5, Operation includes simple procedures for verifying system operationand discusses operational considerations associated with exposure, readout, anddigitization.
Chapter 6, Advanced Topics discusses standard timing modes (Free Run,
External Sync, and Continuous Cleans), Fast and Safe triggering modes, andTTL control.
Chapter 7, Troubleshooting provides courses of action to take if you shouldhave problems with your system.
Appendix A, Specifications includes computer, controller and detector
specifications.
Appendix B, Outline Drawings includes outline drawings of the OMA V
detectors and the ST-133A and ST-133B Controllers.
Appendix C, Mercury-Argon Pen Lamp Spectrum provides a graph of a
Mercury-Argon pen lamp spectrum between 750 nm and 1700 nm.
Appendix D, Spectrometer Adapters provides mounting instructions for the
spectrometer adapters available for OMA V detectors.
Appendix E, USB 2.0 Limitations covers the currently known limitations
associated with operating under the USB 2.0 interface.
Appendix F, Adapter and Lens Focusing Procedures documents how tofocus an F-mount adapter and focus an F-mount or C-mount lens.
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Declarations of Conformity contains the Declarations of Conformity for
OMA V systems (LN- and NTE2-cooled).
Warranty and Service provides warranty and customer support contact
information.

Safety Related Symbols Used in this Manual
Caution! The use of this symbol on equipment indicates that one ormore nearby items should not be operated without first consulting themanual. The same symbol appears in the manual adjacent to the textthat discusses the hardware item(s) in question.
Warning! Risk of electric shock! The use of this symbol on
equipment indicates that one or more nearby items pose an electric
shock hazard and should be regarded as potentially dangerous. Thissame symbol appears in the manual adjacent to the text that discusses
the hardware item(s) in question.

Grounding and Safety
The ST-133 is of Class I category as defined in IEC Publication 348 (Safety
Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus). It is designed for indoor operation
only. Before turning on the controller, the ground prong of the powercord plug must be
properly connected to the ground connector of the wall outlet. The wall outlet must havea third prong or must be properly connected to an adapter that complies with these safety
requirements.

WARNING! If the equipment is damaged, the protective grounding could be disconnected. Do not use
damaged equipment until its safety has been verified by authorized personnel.
Disconnecting the protective earth terminal, inside or outside the apparatus, or any
tampering with its operation is also prohibited.
Inspect the supplied powercord. If it is not compatible with the power socket, replace thecord with one that has suitable connectors on both ends.

WARNING! Replacement powercords or power plugs must have the same polarity as that of theoriginal ones to avoid hazard due to electrical shock.

Precautions
To prevent permanently damaging the system, please observe the following precautions:12Do not mix and match ST-133 Controllers and detectors. The controller shipped withyour detector has been modified to operate with the detector included in the OMA V
system you ordered.



Always switch off and unplug the ST-133 Controller before changing your system
configuration in any way.

Chapter 1

General Information


13

The array is very sensitive to static electricity. Touching the array can destroy it.
Operations requiring contact with the device can only be performed at the factory.

If you are using high-voltage equipment (such as an arc lamp) with your detector system,be sure to turn the controller power ON LAST and turn the controller power OFF
FIRST.
Use caution when triggering high-current switching devices (such as an arc lamp) near
your system. The array can be permanently damaged by transient voltage spikes. Ifelectrically noisy devices are present, an isolated, conditioned power line or
dedicated isolation transformer is highly recommended.
Never connect or disconnect any cable while the system is powered on. Reconnecting acharged cable may damage the array.


Never prevent the free flow of air through the equipment by blocking the air vents.



Never operate a liquid-assisted or liquid-cooled-only OMA V detector with coolant
at a temperature below that specified for it.

Cleaning
WARNING!

Turn off all power to the equipment and secure all covers before cleaning the units.
Otherwise, damage to the equipment or injury to you could occur.

Controller and Detector
Although there is no periodic maintenance that must be performed on an OMA V
detector, users are advised to wipe it down with a clean damp cloth from time to time.
This operation should only be done on the external surfaces and with all covers secured.
In dampening the cloth, use clean water only. No soap, solvents or abrasives should be
used. Not only are they not required, but also they could damage the finish of thesurfaces on which they are used.

Optical Surfaces
Optical surfaces may need to be cleaned due to the accumulation of atmospheric dust.
We advise that the drag-wipe technique be used. This involves dipping a clean cellulose
lens tissue into clean anhydrous methanol, and then dragging the dampened tissue over
the optical surface to be cleaned. Do not allow any other material to touch the opticalsurfaces.

Caution!

Since windows may be AR-coated, extreme care should be taken when cleaning thewindows. This coating is easily scratched and damage caused by improper cleaning is
not covered by the warranty.

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Chapter 2
System Component Descriptions
OMA V:InGaAs Detector
Array:
Linear Photodiode Array: The 512- and 1024-element linear InGaAs
photodiode arrays (PDA) with silicon multiplexer readout electronics provide
excellent response in the near infrared (NIR) from 0.8 to 1.7 µm or from 1 to 2.2µm, depending on the detector model. This 16-bit detector offers outstanding
sensitivity for applications such as NIR Raman and emission, plus high dynamic
range for NIR transmission, reflectance, and absorbance.

Focal Plane Array: The 320 x 256 (30 µm x 30 µm pixel) InGaAs focal planearray (FPA) with silicon multiplexer readout electronics provide excellent
response in the near infrared (NIR) from 0.8 to 1.7 µm. This 16-bit detector
offers outstanding sensitivity for low light level NIR imaging applications.

Window:

OMA V:512 and OMA V:1024 window is made of SI-UV fused silica quartz.



2-D OMA V:320 window is sapphire.

Connectors:


OMA V:512 and OMA V:1024: Power, control signals, and data aretransmitted between the ST-133 and the OMA V detector via the 25-pin D
connector located on the rear of the detector. The Detector-Controller cable issecured by a slide-lock mechanism. Controller power must be OFF before
connecting to or disconnecting from this connector.



2-D OMA V:320: Power, control signals, and data are transmitted between the
ST-133 and the OMA V detector via the 15-pin and 40-pin connectors on therear of the detector. The cables and connectors are keyed so that they cannot be
connected incorrectly. Controller power must be OFF before connecting to or
disconnecting from this connector.

Fan: (TE only) There may be a fan located inside the detector's back panel. Its purpose is:

to remove heat from the Peltier device that cools the PDA andto cool the electronics.

An internal Peltier device directly cools the cold finger on which the PDA is mounted.
The heat produced by the Peltier device is then removed by the air drawn into thedetector by the internal fan and exhausted through the side panels. The fan is always inoperation and air cooling of both the Peltier and the internal electronics takes place
continuously. The fan is designed for low-vibration and does not adversely affect the15

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image. For the fan to function properly, free circulation must be maintained between therear of the detector and the laboratory atmosphere.
Dewar: LN-cooled detectors are available in both the standard side-on and the end-on
configuration. The Dewar for the standard side-on holds 1.7 liters of liquid nitrogen (LN).
Adapters: Spectrograph adapters are available from Princeton Instruments. Refer toAppendix D for information about mounting these adapters to your spectrometer anddetector.

ST-133 Controller
Electronics: The ST-133 controller is a compact, high performance Detector Controller
for operation with Princeton Instruments brand* detectors. Designed for high speed andhigh performance image acquisition, the ST-133 offers data transfer at speeds up to
5 megapixel per second. A variety of A/D converters are available to meet different
speed and resolution requirements.
In addition to containing the power supply, the controller contains the analog and digitalelectronics, scan control and exposure timing hardware, and controller I/O connectors,
all mounted on user-accessible plug-in modules. This highly modularized design gives
flexibility and allows for convenient servicing.
Note: The ST-133 Controller supplied with the OMA V:InGaAs detector has been
modified for operation with a linear photodiode array or a focal plane array depending on
the model. DO NOT use this controller with CCD detectors.
POWER Switch and Indicator: The powerswitch location and characteristics depend on theversion of ST-133 Controller that was shippedwith your system. In some versions, the powerswitch is located on the on the front panel and has
an integral indicator LED that lights whenever
the ST-133 is powered. In other versions, thepower switch is located on the back of the
ST-133 and does not include an indicator LED.
Figure 2 shows the two locations
Rear Panel Connectors: There are three
Figure 2. Power Switch Location
controller board slots. Two are occupied by the(ST-133A and ST-133B)
plug-in cards that provide various controller
functions. The third, covered with a blank panel, is reserved for future development. The
left-most plug-in card is the Analog/Control module. Adjacent to it is the Interface
Control module. Both modules align with top and bottom tracks and mate with a passive
backplane via a 64-pin DIN connector. For proper operation, the location of the modules
should not be changed. Each board is secured by two screws that also ground each
* The ST-133 controller must be factory configured for operation with a linear array or for a focal

plane array. Additionally, it must be configured for the type of cooling. For this reason, acontroller purchased for operation with an LN detector can only be used with an LN detector.
Similarly, a controller purchased for operation with a TE detector cannot be used with an LN
detector.

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Chapter 2

System Component Descriptions

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module’s front panel. The connectors and functions located on the rear panel are further
are described on the following page. Removing and inserting boards is described in
Chapter 7, page 84.

WARNING! To minimize the risk of equipment damage, a module should never be removed or
installed when the system is powered.
The Analog/Control Module, which should always be located in the left-most slot,
provides the following functions:

Pixel A/D conversion

Timing and synchronization of readouts

Scan control



Temperature control

Exposure control

Video output control

The Interface Control Module, which should always be located in the center slot,
provides the following functions:

TTL In/Out Programmable InterfaceCommunications Control (TAXI or USB 2.0 protocol)

WARNING! Always turn the power off at the Controller before connecting or disconnecting any cablethat interconnects the detector and controller or serious damage to the PDA may result.
This damage is NOT covered by the manufacturer’s warranty.

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Rear Panel Features:
The descriptions of the rear panel connectors are keyed to the accompanying figure. Depending on yoursystem, either the TAXI or the USB 2.0 Interface Control Module will be installed in the second from the left
slot (as you face the rear of the ST-133). In Figure 3, the TAXI module is shown in that position.
Note: Older versions of the controller have the power switch on the front.
#

Feature1

Temperature Lock LED: Indicates that thetemperature control loop has locked and that thetemperature of the photodiode array will bestable to within  0.05C.

2

Aux Output: If labeled Aux, this output isreserved for future use.

3

External Sync Input: TTL input that has a 10k pullup resistor. Allows data acquisition andreadout to be synchronized with external events.
Through software, positive or negative (default)
triggering can be selected.

4Output: WinSpec/32 and WinView/32(ver. 2.4 and higher) software-selectable NOTSCAN or SHUTTER signal. Default is
SHUTTER. NOT SCAN reports when thecontroller is finished reading out the array. NOT
SCAN is high when the array is not being
scanned, then drops low when readout begins,
returning to high when the process is finished.
SHUTTER reports when the shutter is opened
and can be used to synchronize external shutters.
SHUTTER is low when the shutter is opened
and goes high when the shutter is activated;
dropping low again after the shutter closes.

#

FeatureFigure 3. ST-133 Rear Panel Callouts

5

Output: Initially HIGH. After a Start
Acquisition command, changes state on completionof cleaning cycles before the first exposure. In freerun operation, it remains low until the acquisition ishalted. If a specific number of frames have been
programmed, it remains low until all have beentaken and then returns high.

8

Camera Signal: (1 MHz/5 MHz system) Transmits
control information to and receives data back fromthe detector. The signal cable must be connected
after the Camera Power cable is connected.

6

Zero Adjustment: Bias potentiometers control theoffset values of the Fast (F) and Slow (S) A/D
converters. Preadjusted at factory. If
potentiometers are not present, bias may be
software-settable.

9

Camera Pwr: (1 MHz/5 MHz system) Provides
the power to operate the detector. The power cablemust be connected before the Camera Signal cable
is connected.

7Detector Connector: (1MHz and 100kHz/1 MHz
systems) Transmits control information to thedetector and receives data back from the detector
via the Detector-Controller cable.

10

TTL In/Out: User-programmable interface witheight input bits and eight output bits that can be
written to or polled for additional control orfunctionality. Output is not currently supported
under USB 2.0. See Chapter 6.

18

Chapter 2#

System Component Descriptions
Feature19#

Feature11

AUX Output: Reserved for future use.

15

Remote Shutter Connector: Provides shutter-driveand hold voltages for a Princeton Instruments 25 mm
external shutter (typically, an entrance slit shutter). An
ST-133 with the 70 V shutter option is required for a
detector with the 40 mm shutter. A 70 V OPT label
will be next to the Remote connector when this option
is installed. Note that this connector may not bepresent for a 5 MHz system.

12

Serial COM Connector: Provides two-way serial
communication between the controller and the hostcomputer. Uses TAXI protocol.

16

Power Module: Contains the powercord socket
and two fuses. Depending on the ST-133 version,
the power switch may be located directly above thepower module.

13

Fan: Cools the controller electronics. Runs
continuously when the controller is turned on.

17

Fuse/Voltage Label: Displays the controller’s
power and fuse requirements. This label may
appear below the power module.

14

Shutter Setting Selector: Sets the shutter holdvoltage. Dial is correctly set at the factory for thedetector’s internal shutter if one is present.

18

USB 2.0 Connector: Provides two-way serial
communication between the controller and the hostcomputer. Uses USB 2.0 protocol.

Cables
Detector-Controller: 1 MHz or 100kHz/1MHz systems. The standard 10' (3 m)cable (6050-0321) has DB-25 connectors with slide-latch locking hardware. This
cable interconnects the Detector connector on the rear of the ST-133 with the
Detector connector on the rear of the OMA V detector. The Detector-Controller
cable is also available in 6', 15', 20', and 30' lengths.
Camera Power & Signal: 2-D OMA V 1MHz/5 MHz systems only. This cable
assembly (6050-0313) consists of two cables that interconnect the Camera Powerand Camera Signal connectors on the back of the ST-133 with the mating
connectors on the back of the detector. The Camera Power cable has DB-15 Male
connectors with locking screws at both ends. The Camera Signal cable has DB-40
Male connectors with slide-latch locking mechanisms at both ends.
Interface Cable: Depending on the system configuration, either a USB or a TAXI
cable will be shipped.
TAXI: The standard 25' (7.6 m) cable (6050-0148-CE) has DB-9 Male
connectors with screw-down locking hardware. The TAXI (Serial
communication) cable interconnects the "Serial Com" connector on the rear of
the ST-133 with the Princeton Instruments (RSPI) high speed PCI card
installed in the host computer. In addition to the standard length, this cable isavailable in 10', 50', 100', and 165' lengths. Also available are fiber optic adapterswith fiber optic cables in 100, 300, and 1000 meter lengths.
USB 2.0: The standard 16.4' (5 m) cable (6050-0494) has USB connectorsthat interconnect the "USB 2.0" connector on the rear of the ST-133 with a
USB card installed in the host computer.

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Interface Card
PCI Card: This interface card is required when the system interface uses the TAXI
protocol rather than USB 2.0. The PCI card plugs-into the host computer'smotherboard and provides the serial communication interface between the hostcomputer and the ST-133. Through WinSpec/32 or WinView/32, the card can beused in either High Speed PCI or PCI(Timer) mode. High Speed PCI allows datatransfer to be interrupt-driven and can give higher performance in some situations.
PCI(Timer) allows data transfer to be controlled by a polling timer.
USB 2.0 Card: (Optional) This interface card is required when the systeminterface uses the USB 2.0 protocol rather the TAXI protocol and the computer does
not have native USB 2.0 support. The USB 2.0 card plugs-into the host computer'smotherboard and provides the communication interface between the host computer
and the ST-133. The USB 2.0 PCI card (70USB90011) by Orange Micro isrecommended for desktop computers; the SIIG, Inc. USB 2.0 PC Card, Model
US2246 is recommended for laptop computers. See www.orangemicro.com or
www.siig.com, respectively, for more information.

Application Software
Spectroscopy experiments and imaging applications are easily controlled and monitored
via the Princeton Instruments WinSpec and WinView software packages, the SITK™
plug-in for LabVIEW®, and the Roper Scientific® PVCAM® application programming
interface.
WinSpec/32: Princeton Instruments' 32-bit Windows® software package forspectroscopy. It provides stand-alone comprehensive spectral acquisition, display,processing, and archiving functions. WinSpec gives you the ability to run automatic
spectrometer control and calibration routines, as well as to move to any spectral
window or change gratings without having to recalibrate. WinSpec also features
snap-ins and macro record capability to permit easy user customization of any
function or sequence.
WinView/32: Princeton Instruments' 32-bit Windows® software package for
imaging applications. WinView/32 software package provides comprehensive image
acquisition, display, processing, and archiving functions so you can perform
complete data acquisition and analysis without having to rely upon third-party
software. WinView/32 also features snap-ins and macro record functions to permit
easy user customization of any function or sequence.
PVCAM: A standard software interface for cooled PDA, FPA, and CCD detectors
from Roper Scientific. It is a library of functions that can be used to control andacquire data from the detector when a custom application is being written. For
example, in the case of Windows, PVCAM is a dynamic link library (DLL). Also, itshould be understood that PVCAM is solely for detector control and image
acquisition, not for image processing. PVCAM places acquired images into a buffer,
where they can then be manipulated using either custom written code or byextensions to other commercially available image processing packages.

20Chapter 2

System Component Descriptions

21

Scientific Imaging ToolKit™ (SITK™): A collection of LabVIEW® VIs forscientific detectors and spectrographs. This third party software can be purchasedfrom Princeton Instruments.

User Manuals
OMA V:InGaAs System User Manual: This manual describes how to install anduse the OMA V:InGaAs system components.
WinSpec/32 User Manual: (Optional) This manual describes how to install anduse the application program. A PDF version of this manual is provided on the
installation CD. Additional information is available in the program's on-line help.
WinView/32 User Manual: (Optional) This manual describes how to install anduse the application program. A PDF version of this manual is provided on the
installation CD. Additional information is available in the program's on-line help.
Note: You can download current versions of Princeton Instruments manuals at
ftp://ftp.princetoninstruments.com/Public/Manuals/Princeton Instruments/. Versionsof Acton manuals are located at
ftp://ftp.princetoninstruments.com/Public/Manuals/Acton/.

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OMA V:InGaAs System ManualThis page intentionally left blank.

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Version 4.F

Chapter 3
Installation Overview
The list and diagrams below briefly describe the sequence of actions required to
hookup your system and prepare to gather data. Refer to the indicated references
for more detailed information.
ActionReference

1.

If the system components have not already been unpacked, unpackthem and inspect their carton(s) and the system components for intransit damage.

Chapter 4 System Setup,
page 25

2.

Verify that all system components have been received.

Chapter 4 System Setup,
page 25

3.

If the components show no signs of damage, verify that theappropriate voltage settings have been selected for the Controller.

Chapter 4 System Setup,
page 28

4.

If the WinX application software (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32)
software is not already installed in the host computer, install it.

WinSpec/32 or
WinView/32 manual

5.

If the appropriate interface card is not already installed in the hostcomputer, install it.

Chapter 4 System Setup,
page 29

6.

Mount the Detector for the spectroscopy or imaging application, as
appropriate.

Chapter 4 System Setup,
page 33

7.

With the Controller power turned OFF, connect the DetectorController cable to the appropriate connector on the rear of theController. Adjust the slide-latch so the cable connection islocked.

Chapter 4 System Setup,
page 348.

9.

With the Controller power turned OFF, connect the DetectorController cable(s) to the appropriate connector(s) on the rear of
the Detector. Adjust the slide-latch (and locking screws if this is a
5 MHz controller) to lock the cable connection(s).
With the Controller and computer power turned OFF, connect theinterface cable (TAXI or USB) to the Controller and the interface cardin the host computer. Then tighten down the locking hardware.

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting,page 86
Chapter 4 System Setup,
page 34
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting,page 86
Chapter 4 System Setup,
page 34

10. With the Controller power turned OFF, connect the Controller
power cable to the rear of the controller and to the power source.
11. Turn the Controller ON.

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OMA V:InGaAs System Manual

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Action12. Turn on the computer and begin running the WinX application
software. When the computer boots, you may be asked for thelocation of the interface drivers.

13. In the WinX application, run the Camera Detection wizard or load
the defaults from the controller.
14. Set the target array temperature.

Reference
Chapter 4 System Setup,
page 30 (PCI drivers) or
page 32 (USB drivers)
WinSpec/32 or
WinView/32 manual
Chapter 4 System Setup,
WinSpec/32 or
WinView/32 manual
Chapter 5 Operation,
page 52

15. If the system is cooled by coolant circulation, make the tubing
connections between the coolant circulator and the detector.

Chapter 4 System Setup,
page 37

16. If the system is cryogenically cooled, fill the Dewar.

Chapter 4 System Setup,
page 38

17. When the system reaches temperature lock, wait an additional 30
minutes and then begin acquiring data in focus mode.

Chapter 5 Operation,
page 44

18. Adjust the focus for the best spectral lines. If you are using
WinSpec/32, you may want to use the Focus Helper function forthis purpose.

Chapter 5 Operation,
page 45

Figure 4. System Diagram: TE-cooled Detector

Figure 5. System Diagram: LN-cooled Detector

24Chapter 4
System Setup
Unpacking the System
During the unpacking, check the system components for possible signs of shipping
damage. If there are any, notify Princeton Instruments and file a claim with the carrier. If
damage is not apparent but detector or controller specifications cannot be achieved,
internal damage may have occurred in shipment. Please save the original packing
materials so you can ship the detector system to another location or return it to Princeton
Instruments for repairs if necessary.

Checking the Equipment and Parts Inventory
Confirm that you have all of the equipment and parts required to set up the OMA V
system. A complete system consists of:

Detector (TE- or LN-cooled).

ST-133 Controller

Detector-Controller cable:
Standard OMA V: DB25 to DB25. Standard length is 10 ft (6050-0321). This
cable is also available in 6’, 15’, 20’, and 30’ lengths.
2-D OMA V: DB15 to DB15 and high-density DB40 to DB40 (6050-0313).



Host Computer: Can be purchased from Princeton Instruments or provided by
user.



OMA V User ManualInterface Dependent Components:Controller-Computer Interface cable:

TAXI cable: DB9 to DB9 cable (6050-0148-CE is standard) orUSB cable: Five (5) meter cable (6050-0494) is standard.

Interface Card:

TAXI: Princeton Instruments (RSPI) High Speed PCI Interface board orUSB 2.0: Native on motherboard or user-provided USB 2.0 Interface
Card (Orange Micro 70USB90011 USB2.0 PCI is recommended for
desktop computers and the SIIG, Inc. USB 2.0 PC Card, Model US2246
is recommended for laptop computers).

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OMA V:InGaAs System Manual

System Dependent Cooling Components:Version 4.F

Coolant Circulator and Coolant Tubing

Optional: WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32) CD-ROM and Manual

System Requirements
Environmental
Storage temperature 55°C;
Operating environment temperature: 5ºC to +30ºC; for TE-cooled detectors, theenvironment temperature range over which system specifications can be
guaranteed is +18ºC to +23ºC
Relative humidity <50% noncondensing. High humidity climates may require continuous
flushing of the spectrometer’s exit port with nitrogen. If LN-cooled detectors areoperated under high humidity conditions, ice-buildup could occur around the ventvalves. Operating liquid-assist TE-cooled detectors in high humidity environments
can produce condensation inside the detector's electronic enclosure. Damage fromhumid condensation may not be covered by the product warranty.

Ventilation
Detector: Allow at least one-inch clearance for side and rear air vents. Where an
air-assist TE-cooled detector is inside an enclosure, > 30 cfm air circulation andheat dissipation of 100W is required.
ST-133: There is an internal fan located at the right side of the rear panel behind an
exhaust opening. Its purpose is simply to cool the controller electronics. Thisfan runs continuously whenever the controller is powered. Air enters the unit
through ventilation openings on the side panels, flows past the warm electronic
components as it rises, and is drawn out the rear of the controller by the fan. It is
important that there be an adequate airflow for proper functioning. As long as
both the controller’s intake ventilation openings and the fan exhaust opening
aren’t obstructed, the controller will remain quite cool.

Coolant
WARNING! COOLANT IS HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED.
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.
OMA V detectors with liquid-cooling require circulating coolant (distilled water or 50:50
mixture of ethylene glycol and water) for proper operation. The recommended flow rate
and fluid pressure are: > 1 liter/minute at 25 psig (maximum).

Power
Detector: The OMA V detector receives its power from the controller, which in turnplugs into a source of AC power.
ST-133: The ST-133 Controller can operate from any one of four different nominal line
voltages: 100, 120, 220, or 240 V AC. Refer to the Fuse/Voltage label on theback of the ST-133 for fuse, voltage, and power consumption information.
26

Chapter 4

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27

Caution The plug on the line cord supplied with the system should be compatible with the linevoltage outlets in common use in the region to which the system is shipped. If the line
cord plug is incompatible, a compatible plug should be installed, taking care to maintainthe proper polarity to protect the equipment and assure user safety.

Host Computer
Note: Computers and operating systems all undergo frequent revision. The following
information is only intended to give an approximate indication of the computerrequirements. Please contact the factory to determine your specific needs.
Requirements for the host computer depend on the type of interface, TAXI or USB 2.0,
that will be used for communication between the ST-133 and the host computer. Thoserequirements are a listed below according to protocol.
TAXI Protocol:
 AT-compatible computer with 200 MHz Pentium® II (or better).
 Windows® XP (32-bit, SP3 or later) or Windows Vista® (32-bit) operating
system.
 Princeton Instruments (RSPI) High speed PCI serial card (or an unused PCI cardslot). Computers purchased from Princeton Instruments are shipped with the
PCI card installed if High speed PCI was ordered.
 Minimum of 128 Mbytes of RAM for arrays up to 1.4 million pixels. Collecting
multiple spectra at full frame or high speed may require 512 Mbytes or more ofRAM.
 CD-ROM drive.
 Hard disk with a minimum of 80 Mbytes available. A complete installation of
the program files takes about 17 Mbytes and the remainder is required for data
storage, depending on the number and size of spectra collected. Disk levelcompression programs are not recommended.
 Super VGA monitor and graphics card supporting at least 65,535 colors with at least
32 Mbyte of memory. Memory requirement is dependent on desired display
resolution.
 Two-button Microsoft® compatible serial mouse or Logitech® three-button
serial/bus mouse.
USB 2.0 Protocol:
 AT-compatible computer with Pentium 3 or better processor and runs at 1 GHz or
better.
 Windows XP (32-bit with SP2 or later) or Windows Vista (32-bit) operating
system.
 Native USB 2.0 support on the motherboard or USB Interface Card (Orange
Micro 70USB90011 USB2.0 PCI is recommended for desktop; SIIG, Inc. USB
2.0 PC Card, Model US2246 for laptop)
 Minimum of 256 Mb of RAM.
 CD-ROM drive.
 Hard disk with a minimum of 80 Mbytes available. A complete installation of
the program files takes about 17 Mbytes and the remainder is required for data

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OMA V:InGaAs System ManualVersion 4.F

storage, depending on the number and size of spectra collected. Disk levelcompression programs are not recommended.
Super VGA monitor and graphics card supporting at least 65,535 colors with atleast 32 Mbyte of memory. Memory requirement is dependent on desired
display resolution.
Two-button Microsoft compatible serial mouse or Logitech three-button
serial/bus mouse.

Verifying Controller Voltage Setting
The Power Module on the rear of the Controller contains the voltage
selector drum, fuses and the powercord connector. The appropriate
voltage setting is set at the factory and can be seen on the back of thepower module.
Each setting actually defines a range and the setting that is closest
to the actual line voltage should have been selected. The fuse andpower requirements are printed on the panel above the power
module. The correct fuses for the country where the ST-133 is to be
shipped are installed at the factory.
Note: On ST-133s, the voltage ranges and fuse ratings may be
printed above or below the power module (Figure 6).

Figure 6. Controller
Power Module

To Check the Controller's Voltage Setting:
1. Look at the lower righthand corner on the rear of the Controller. The current
voltage setting (100, 120, 220, or 240 VAC) is displayed on the Power Module.
2. If the setting is correct, continue with the installation. If it is not correct, follow
the instructions on page 71 for changing the voltage setting and fuses.

Installing the Application Software
Installation is performed via the
WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32)
installation process. If you areinstalling the WinX application for
the first time and have a TAXIinterface, you should run the
installation before the interface cardis installed in the host computer. On
the Select Components dialog (seeFigure 7), click on the AUTO PCI
button to install the interface card
drivers (the Princeton Instruments(RSPI) PCI and the USB drivers) and
Figure 7. WinSpec Installation: Interface Cardthe most commonly installed
Driver Selection
program files. Select theCustom button if you would like to choose among the available program files or do
not want to install the PCI driver.
Note: WinX/32 (versions 2.6.0 and higher) do not support the ISA interface.
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Chapter 4

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29

Setting up the Communication Interface
Setting up a PCI Interface
Administrator privileges are required under Windows® XP and Windows Vista®
(32-bit) to install software and hardware.
A Princeton Instruments (RSPI) high speed PCI card must be installed in the hostcomputer if the communication between computer and controller uses the TAXI
protocol (i.e., the Interface Control Module installed in the ST-133 has a 9-pin
SERIAL COM connector as shown in the figure at right). With TAXI protocol, thestandard cable provided with an ST-133 is 7.6 meters (25 feet) (cable lengths up
to 50 meters are available) and the digitization rate may be as high as 5 MHz.
A computer purchased from Princeton Instruments will be shipped with the PCI cardalready installed. Otherwise, a PCI card will be shipped with the system and you will
have to install it in the host computer at your location.
Note: The PCI card can be installed and operated in any Macintosh having a
PCI bus, allowing the ST-133 to be controlled from the Macintosh via IPLab™
software and the PI Extension.

CautionIf using the WinX application software (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32), either
High Speed PCI or PCI(Timer) can be the selected Interface type. This selection isaccessed on the Hardware Setup|Interface tab. High Speed PCI allows data transfer tobe interrupt-driven and gives the highest performance in some situations. PCI(Timer)
allows data transfer to be controlled by a polling timer. This selection is recommended
when there are multiple devices sharing the same interrupt.
To Install a PCI Serial Buffer Card in the Host Computer:
1. Review the documentation for your computer and PCI card before continuingwith this installation.
2. To avoid risk of dangerous electrical shock and damage to the computer, verify
that the computer power is OFF.
3. Remove the computer cover and verify that there is an available PCI slot.
4. Install the PCI card in the slot.
5. Make sure that the card is firmly seated and secure it.

6. Replace and secure the computer cover and turn on the computer only. If an error
occurs at bootup, either the PCI card was not installed properly or there is anaddress or interrupt conflict. Refer to Chapter 7, "Troubleshooting", page 80 for
instructions.
Note: The PCI card has no user-changeable jumpers or switches.

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To Install the PCI Card Driver
The following information assumes that you have already installed the WinX application
software.
1. After you have secured the PCI card in the computer and replaced the cover, turnthe computer on.
2. At bootup, Windows will try to install the new hardware. If it cannot locate thedriver, you will be prompted to enter the directory path, either by keyboard entry
or by using the browse function.
If you selected AUTO PCI during the application software installation, the WinX
installation wizard automatically put the required INF file into the Windows/INF
directory and put the PCI card driver file in the "Windows"\System32\ Drivers
directory. Refer to Table 1 for the appropriate file names and locations.
Windows Version®

Windows XP andWindows Vista®
(32-bit)

PCI INF Filename
Located in "Windows"\INF
directory*

PCI Device Driver Name
Located in "Windows"\System32\Drivers
directory

rspi.inf (in Windows\inf, forexample)rspipci.sys (in Windows\System32\drivers,
for example)* The INF directory may be hidden.
Table 1. PCI Driver Files and Locations

Setting up a USB 2.0 Interface®

Administrator privileges are required under Windows XP and Windows Vista®
(32-bit) to install software and hardware.
Your system has been configured to use the USB communication protocol if theInterface Control Module installed in the ST-133 has a USB 2.0 connector as shownin the figure at right). The advantages to the USB 2.0 interface are that it uses a muchhigher data transfer rate than many common serial data formats (such as the TAXI
protocol) and it simplifies the connection to external devices. USB supports "plug andplay" -- you do not need to be heavily involved in the setup process.
USB 2.0 Limitations
 Maximum cable length is 5 meters (16.4 feet)30

1 MHz is currently the upper digitization rate limit for the ST-133 Controller.
Large data sets and/or long acquisition times may be subject to data overrun
because of host computer interrupts during data acquisition.

USB 2.0 is not supported by the Princeton Instruments PC Interface Library(EZ-DLLS).



Some WinX 2.5.X features are not fully supported with USB 2.0. Refer toAppendix E, page 113, for more information.

Chapter 4

System Setup

31

Note: If you are installing the USB 2.0 interface on a laptop, you will need to perform
all of the operations described in this section. In addition, if you are using therecommended USB Interface Card (SIIG, Inc. USB 2.0 PC Card, Model US2246), youmust replace the OrangeUSB USB 2.0 Host Controller driver installed for that card withthe appropriate Microsoft driver. Instructions for making the replacement are included in"To Update the OrangeUSB USB 2.0 Driver:".
To Update the OrangeUSB USB 2.0 Driver:This procedure is highly recommended when a laptop computer will be used tocommunicate with the ST-133. As stated before, we recommend the SIIG, Inc. USB 2.0
PC Card, Model US2246 if USB 2.0 is not native to the laptop's motherboard. To reducethe instances of data overruns and serial violations, the OrangeUSB USB 2.0 Host
Controller installed for the SIIG card, should be replaced by the appropriate Microsoft
driver (Windows XP or Windows Vista (32-bit), depending on the laptop's operating
system.)Note: This procedure may also be performed for desktop computers that use the Orange
Micro 70USB90011 USB2.0 PCI.
1. Download and install Microsoft Service Pack 3 (for Windows XP) if the service
pack has not been installed.
2. From the Windows Start menu, select Settings|Control Panel.
3. Select System and then System Properties.
4. Select the Hardware tab and click on Device Manager button.
5. Expand Universal Serial Bus Controllers.
6. Right-mouse click on OrangeUSB USB 2.0 Host Controller and select Properties.
7. On the Driver tab, click on the Update Driver… button. You may have to wait aminute or so before you will be allowed to click on the button.
8. When the Upgrade Device Driver Wizard appears, click on Next. Select the
Search for a suitable driver … radio button.
9. On the next screen select the Specify a location checkbox.
10. Browse and select the location. Click on OK.
11. In the Driver Files Search Results window, check the Install one of the otherdrivers check box.
12. Select the NEC PCI to USB Enhanced Host Controller B1 driver (Microsoft is theprovider). Click on Next and the installation will take place. When the Completing
the Upgrade Device Driver Wizard window appears, click on Finish. You willthen be given the choice of restarting the computer now or later. According to thewindow text, the hardware associated with the driver will not work until you restart
the computer.

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To Install the Princeton Instruments USB2 Interface:
The following information assumes that: You have verified that the host computer meets the required specifications
for USB 2.0 communication with the OMA V system (see page 27).
 A USB 2.0 board and its driver are installed in the host computer.
 The ST-133 has an installed USB 2.0 Interface Control module.
 You have already installed the WinX software (versions 2.5.15 and higher).
Versions 2.5.15 and higher automatically install the driver and INF files
required to support the USB 2.0 Interface Control module.
1. Before installing the Princeton Instruments USB2 Interface, we recommend thatyou defragment the host computer's hard disk. This operation reduces the time
the computer spends locating files. Typically, the "defrag" utility "Disk
Defragmenter" can be accessed from the Windows® Start menu and can usuallyaccessed from the Programs/Accessories/System Tools subdirectory.
2. After defragmenting the hard disk, turn off the computer and make the USB
cable connections between the host computer and the ST-133. Then, turn the
ST-133 on before turning on the host computer.
3. At bootup, Windows will detect the Princeton Instruments USB2 Interface
hardware (i.e., the USB 2.0 Interface Control module). You may be prompted toenter the directory path(s) for the apausbprop.dll and/or the apausb.sys file(s),either by keyboard entry or by using the browse function.
If you selected AUTO PCI during the application software installation, theWinX installation wizard automatically put the required INF, DLL, and USB
driver file in the "Windows" directories shown below. Refer to Table 2 for theappropriate file names and locations.
Windows Version USB INF Filename
Located in"Windows"\INF
directory*®
Windows XP and rsusb2k.inf (in®
Windows\inf, forWindows Vista
example)(32-bit)

USB Properties DLL
Located in"Windows"\System32
directory

apausbprop.dll (inWindows\System32, forexample)USB Device Driver Name
Located in"Windows"\System32\Drivers
directory

apausb.sys (inWindows\System32\Drivers,
for example)* The INF directory may be hidden.
Table 2. USB Driver Files and Locations

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Mounting the Detector
Lens Mount
Caution!

For 2-D detectors (C-mount and F-mount), the detector MUST be supported via thetapped holes in the bottom of the detector (refer to the outline drawings on pages 95 and
96 for more information).
For information on installing the F-mount lens adapter and focusing F- and C-mountlenses, refer to Appendix F, "Adapter and Lens Focusing Procedures", starting on 115.

Spectrometer Mount
WARNING! An OMA V:InGaAs Dewar must never be tilted more than 30° from vertical.
The detector must be properly mounted to thespectrometer to achieve maximum spectral
resolution across the array. Depending on the
spectrometer and detector type, special adapters
may be required to mount the detector to thespectrometer. The appropriate adapters shouldhave been included with your system if thespectrometer type was indicated when the system was ordered.
Because of the many possible OMA V detector and spectrometer combinations, all of theadapter mounting instructions are located in Appendix D. Refer to the table at the
beginning of that appendix to find the instruction set appropriate to your system.
Note: For 2-D spectrometer mount detectors, the detector/spectrometer assembly may beunstable without proper support attached to the tapped holes in the detector base. Refer tothe outline drawing on page 97 for more information.
Focal Plane Distance
The focal plane distance depends on the detector type and the mounting adapter. Referto the outline drawings in Appendix B, starting on page 93, for this information.

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Connecting the Detector-Controller Cable
CautionThe ST-133 Controller supplied with your OMA V:InGaAs detector has been modified
for operation with PDAs and for the appropriate cooling method (TE or LN). DO NOT
use this controller with any other detector you may have.

Caution Turn the Controller power OFF (OFF = 0, ON = |) before connecting or disconnecting
the Detector-Controller cable.
To Connect the Detector-Controller Cable:
1. Verify that the Controller power is OFF.
2. Connect the Detector-Controller cable to the Controller.
OMA V: Connect the male end of the cable to the "Detector" port on the rear of
the Controller. Refer to "Securing the Detector-Controller Cable Slide Latch",page 86.
2-D OMA V: Connect the male ends of the cable set the "Camera Signal" and"Camera Pwr" ports on the rear of the Controller.
3. Lock the connector(s) in place. Depending on the detector and the cable used, thisoperation may require tightening down locking screws or securing a slide-latch.
4. Connect the Detector-Controller cable to the Detector.
OMA V: Connect the female end of the cable to the "Power/Signal" port on thecamera.
2-D OMA V: Connect the female ends of the cable set to the "Signal" and"Power" ports on the Detector.
5. Lock the connectors in place.

Connecting the Interface (Controller-Computer) Cable
TAXI® Cable
Turn the Controller power OFF (OFF = 0, ON = |) and the Computer power OFF before
connecting or disconnecting the Controller-Computer (TAXI) cable.
To Connect the TAXI Cable:
1. Verify that the Controller power is OFF.
2. Verify that the Computer power is OFF.
3. Connect one end of the TAXI cable to the 9-pin port on the Interface card in thehost computer.
4. Tighten down the screws to lock the connector in place.
5. Connect the other end of the cable to the "Serial Com" port on the rear of theController.
6. Tighten down the screws to lock the connector in place.

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USB 2.0 Cable
Turn the Controller power OFF (OFF = 0, ON = |) and the Computer power OFF before
connecting or disconnecting the Controller-Computer (TAXI) cable.
To Connect the USB 2.0 Cable:
1. Verify that the Controller power is OFF.
2. Verify that the Computer power is OFF.
3. Connect one end of the USB cable to the USB port on the host computer.
4. Connect the other end of the cable to the USB 2.0 port on the rear of theController.

Entering the Default Camera System Parameters into WinX
(WinSpec/32 or WinView/32)
Software changes implemented in WinX version 2.15.9.6 affected the way in which
default parameters were entered for camera systems. Therefore, two sets of instructions
are included. Follow the instructions appropriate to the software version that you
installed. Note that these instructions assume that you have performed the computerinterface installation.
WinX Versions 2.5.19.6 and later
1. Make sure the ST-133 is connected to the host computer and that it is turned on.
2. Run WinSpec. The Camera Detection wizard will automatically run if this is thefirst time you have installed a Princeton Instruments WinX application (WinSpec/32
or WinView/32) and a supported camera. Otherwise, if you installing a new camera
type, click on the Launch Camera Detection Wizard… button on theController/CCD tab to start the wizard.
3. On the Welcome dialog (Figure 8), leave the checkbox unselected and click on
Next.

Figure 8. Camera Detection Wizard - Welcome dialog

4. Follow the instructions on the dialogs to perform the initial hardware setup: thiswizard enters default parameters on the Hardware Setup dialog tabs and gives you an
opportunity to acquire a test image to confirm the system is working.
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WinX Versions before 2.5.19.6: Run RSConfig.exe
1. Make sure the ST-133 is connected to the host computer and that it is turned on.
2. Run RSConfig from the Windows|Start|Programs|PI Acton menu or from thedirectory where you installed WinSpec or WinView.
3. When the RSConfig dialog (Figure 9) appears, you can change the camera nameto one that is more specific or you can keep the default name "Camera1". Whenyou have finished, click on the Done button.
Note: If the first camera in the list is not the "Princeton Style (USB2)", you willneed to edit the PVCAM.INI file created by RSConfig. See the instructions in"Demo, High Speed PCI, and PCI(Timer) are Choices on Hardware
Wizard:Interface dialog", page 76.

Figure 9. RSConfig dialog

4. Open the WinX application and, from Setup|Hardware…, run the Hardware
Setup wizard.
5. When the PVCAM dialog (Figure 10) is displayed, click in the Yes radio button,
click on Next and continue through the wizard. After the wizard is finished, theController/Camera tab card will be displayed with the Use PVCAM checkbox
selected. You should now be able to set up experiments and acquire data.

Figure 10. Hardware Setup wizard: PVCAM dialog

6. Run the software in focus mode to verify communication between the ST-133
and the host computer.

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Making the Optional Coolant Circulator-Detector Connections
Caution 1. Do not use any coolant fittings other than those supplied by Princeton Instruments.
Although standard pipe fittings are similar, in most cases they are not the same.
Forcing these fittings into the cooling block will permanently damage the threads.
2. OMA V detectors with liquid-only cooling require circulating coolant (distilled water or
50:50 mixture of ethylene glycol and water) for proper operation.
3. Take care that the coolant used is pH neutral. Acidic or alkaline coolant can damage
the detector fittings and internal cooling block through corrosion. Such damage
could be very expensive to repair.
4. Coolant should be no colder than +15°C to prevent condensation at 50% relative
humidity. Operating an OMA V detector with coolant at a colder temperature could cause
induced condensation in the electronics enclosure and possible catastrophic damage to thedetector. Damage resulting from this type of operation may void the warranty.
1. Set up the coolant circulator according to the directions in the user manual for that
equipment. Do not apply power to the circulator until directed to do so.
2. Make the hose connections between the circulator and the detector. The tubing
should be no longer than necessary.
Note: The chiller/circulator kit includes hose clamps and two 15' hoses. The hoses
are constructed of 3/8" I.D., thick-wall PVC tubing. The hose clamps secure thetubing to male quick-disconnects.
To Secure the Hoses:a. Insert the male quick-disconnect (on tubing) into the appropriate female
quick-disconnect on the detector (Inlet or Outlet) until you hear a click.
b. Then insert the fitting at the other end of the tubing into the appropriate port on
the coolant circulator. You should hear a click, which indicates that the fitting islatched in place.
c. Because of the automatic shutoffs, disconnecting the coolant supply is done bysimply depressing the release tabs (Figure 11) and removing the fittings.
Reconnecting the supply is done by reinserting each fitting into the appropriate
valve body until you hear a click.

Figure 11. Coolant Ports

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Recommended Flow Rate and Fluid Pressure
Flow Rate: 2 liters/minute. Users are advised to install a flow meter to monitor therate.
Fluid Pressure: 25 psig (maximum).

Filling the Dewar
WARNING!

Even minimal contact with LN can cause damage to eyes and skin. Avoid contact withthe splashing that will invariably accompany pouring LN into a room temperature
Dewar.
OMA V:InGaAs LN-cooled detectors
use liquid nitrogen to reduce thetemperature of the PDA. The liquid
nitrogen is stored in a Dewar that is
enclosed in a vacuum jacket for minimal
external thermal losses. The chiptemperature is regulated by a heating
element driven by closed-loop
proportional control circuitry. A thermal
sensing diode attached to the cooling
block of the detector monitors the arraytemperature. The array temperature canbe thermostated from -50°C to -100°C.
Figure 12. Dewar Fill Port

Fill Procedure
1. Unscrew and remove the brass/nylon fill cap assembly from the fill port.

Caution

Always be careful when removing the fill cap assembly if there is LN present in the
Dewar. Pressure due to nitrogen gas can cause the cap to fly out when the retaining
nut is loosened, possibly spraying you with liquid LN.
2. Insert a funnel into the fill port and place a thin vent tube into the Dewar through thefunnel to reduce splashing due to boiling LN.
3. If the LN2 will be carried in a transportable thermos from another location, make surethat both the funnel and the transportable thermos used are clean and dry before
filling the thermos with LN2. While not harmful, crystallized water will make noisein the Dewar.
4. Slowly and carefully pour approximately 100 ml of LN2 into the funnel. Stop for
5-10 minutes until you observe a “geyser-like” vapor burst from the Dewar opening.
This burst is normal and has to do with reaching a thermal equilibrium between the
LN and the Dewar container surfaces.
5. Slowly, top off the Dewar. Be careful to fill the Dewar slowly to avoid spilling andsplashing. By following this procedure, you will minimize the amount of nitrogenthat boils off as the Dewar is filled. To test the LN level, insert a straight piece of38

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wire (a cryogenic “dip stick”) into the Dewar briefly, then remove it. The LN level
will be indicated by the condensation on the wire.
6. Remove the funnel slowly, taking care to avoid any LN2 that might boil out.
7. Reinstall the fill cap assembly and hand-tighten the retaining nut. To tighten fully,
HANDTIGHTEN the retaining nut about 3/4 turn (or more) after the nut feels snug.
NEVER USE A WRENCH to tighten the nut; hand tight is sufficient to seal the cap.
Note: Some venting may occur at the Dewar pressure-relief valve.
CAUTIONIce buildup may occur at the valve ports if the detector is being operated under highhumidity conditions. If frost appears on the valves, periodically clean the outside of thevalves so that ice does not prevent the valves from venting normally.
Note: The pressure relief valves (Figure 12) underneath the safety bell will occasionallyemit a plume of N2 gas and mist. Continuous hissing indicates that the vacuum in the
Dewar jacket is probably inadequate. Turn off the system and remove all LN from the
Dewar. Contact Princeton Instruments Customer Support for further instructions.

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Chapter 5
Operation
ATTENTION

With an LN-cooled detector, it is generally good practice to turn on the controller andleave it on whenever the Dewar contains LN. This will maintain the temperature controlof the device and prevent potential damage to the array.

Introduction
Once the OMA V detector has been installed as explained in the preceding chapters,
operation of the detector is basically straightforward. In most applications you simply
establish optimum performance using the Focus mode (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32),
set the target detector temperature, wait until the temperature has stabilized, and then do
actual data acquisition in the Acquire mode. Additional considerations regarding
experiment setup and equipment configuration are addressed in the software manual.
Previous chapters have discussed setting up the hardware and the software for basic
operation. This chapter discusses topics associated with basic data acquisition:"Data Acquisition Overview", the first topic, briefly describes the data acquisition
process from controller turn on to controller turn off.

"USB 2.0 and System On/Off Sequences", the second topic, discusses the on/off
sequences that are specific to the USB 2.0 interface. Skip this topic if your system
uses the TAXI/RS PCI communication interface (for example, the 2-D OMA V:320
system uses TAXI/RS PCI).

"First Light (Spectroscopy)", provides step-by-step instructions for placing yourspectroscopy system in operation the first time.

"First Light (Imaging)", provides step-by-step instructions for placing your imaging
system in operation the first time.

"Exposure and Signal", addresses factors that can affect the signal acquired on thearray. These factors include array architecture, exposure time, temperature, dark
signal, and saturation.

"Readout" discusses region of interest (ROI) and also discusses the two analog gain
settings that determine the number of electrons required to generate an Analog-toDigital Unit.



"Digitization", discusses the rate of digitization and the purposes/advantages of thedual digitizers used in the 2-D OMA V:320 detector.

"Binning", the final topic briefly discusses the use of software binning for
improving the signal-to-noise ratio. For additional information about software
binning, refer to the application software manual.

See Chapter 6 for information on timing modes and experiment synchronization.
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Data Acquisition Overview
Before each image from the PDA or the FPA appears on the computer screen, it mustfirst be read, digitized, and transferred to the computer. Figure 13 is a block diagram of
the image-signal path.

Figure 13. Block Diagram of Signal Path in System

The following sequence briefly explains data acquisition from hardware setup to data
display.
1. Controller is turned on and software is booted.
2. Until data acquisition is started, the array is kept in a Reset state (during thistime EXP/RST = RST).
3. Experiment setup is defined in software.


Temperature is set and locked. Temperature affects dark signal. Lower
temperatures reduce dark signal. Temperature also affects the detector's
sensitivity to IR noise. Environment and the detector itself are sources of IR
signal that will be detected by the array unless the array is kept cold.



Exposure time is set (minimum of 20 µs for PDA, minimum of 1 µs for
FPA). This determines how long signal integrates on the pixels. Exposure iscontrolled by an electronic shutter.



42



Longer exposure times are used when the signal level is low.



Increasing the exposure time may mean that some pixels will saturate,
resulting in signal lost at certain wavelengths.

Gain (High or Low) is selected. This determines the well capacity of the
pixels and the amount of read noise.
High Gain (high sensitivity): Used for low-light level applications
where sensitivity is required.



Low Gain (high dynamic range): Used for applications requiring highdynamic range such as absorbance and other shot-noise limited applications.

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4. Data Acquisition is begun.
When Data Acquisition begins, EXP/RST is switched to EXP and the dark
signal present while the device was in Reset is transferred to sample/holddevices in the MUXs and signal integration begins on the array.



The incoming signal integrates on the pixels for the exposure time. Photons strikethe individual pixels and charge is generated in proportion to the number ofphotons. In addition to the incoming signal, leakage current and ambient noise
also integrates on the array. The gain setting determines the pixel well capacity.
5. Data Acquisition is stopped.
Integration continues until the set exposure time ends (EXP/RST switches toRST) and the integrated signal is immediately shifted to a second set ofsample/hold devices. The signal from the first sample/hold device issubtracted, and the resulting signal is sequentially read out of the MUXs andtransferred to the ADC in the ST-133.



RST remains active (i.e., "electronic shutter" is closed) until the next Data
Acquisition begins.
6. The analog signal is converted to digital.


The Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) converts the analog signal todigital.



The data is processed and then transmitted from the controller to the hostcomputer via the Serial Interface.
7. Data is displayed on the monitor and/or stored.
Note: If required, Background Acquisition is performed before signal acquisition. See"Background Subtraction", page 53 for more information.

USB 2.0 and System On/Off Sequences
The following on/off sequences are specific to the USB 2.0 interface:
1. The ST-133 must be turned on before the WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32)
application opened to ensure communication between the controller and thecomputer. If the WinX application is opened and the ST-133 is off, many of thefunctions will be disabled and you will only be able to retrieve and examine
previously acquired and stored data. You must close the WinX application, turn on
the ST-133, and reopen the WinX application before you can set up experiments
and acquire new data.
2. The WinX application must be closed before turning off the ST-133. If you turn off
the ST-133 before closing the WinX application, the communication link with thecontroller will be broken. You can operate the program in a playback mode (i.e.,
examine previously acquired data) but will be unable to acquire new data until you
have closed the WinX application, turned on the ST-133, and then re-opened the
WinX application.

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First Light (Spectroscopy)
The following paragraphs provide step-by-step instructions for placing your spectroscopy
system in operation the first time. The intent of this simple procedure is to help you gain
basic familiarity with the operation of your system and to show that it is functioning
properly. Once basic familiarity has been established, then operation with other operating
configurations, ones with more complex timing modes, can be performed. An underlying
assumption for the procedure is that the detector is to be operated with a spectrograph suchas the Acton Series 300i (SP300i) on which it has been properly installed. A suitable lightsource, such as a mercury pen-ray lamp, should be mounted in front of the entrance slit of
the spectrograph. Any light source with line output can be used. Standard fluorescent
overhead lamps have good calibration lines as well. If there are no “line” sources available,
it is possible to use a broadband source such as tungsten for the alignment. If this is thecase, use a wavelength setting of 0.0 nm for alignment purposes.

Assumptions
The following procedure assumes that
1. You have already set up your system in accordance with the instructions in
Chapter 4.
2. You have read the previous sections of this chapter.
3. You are familiar with the application software.
4. The system is not liquid-cooled.
5. The system is being operated in spectroscopy mode.
6. An entrance slit shutter is not being controlled by the ST-133.

Getting Started
1. Set the spectrometer entrance slit width to 25 µm.
2. Turn on the computer power.
3. Turn on the ST-133.
Note: With USB 2.0, the controller must be turned on before WinSpec/32 is
opened and WinSpec/32 must be closed before the controller is turned off.
4. Start the application software.
5. If you have not already done so, start the coolant flow or fill the LN Dewar.

Setting the Parameters
Note: The following procedure is based on WinSpec/32: you will need to modify it
if you are using a different application. Basic familiarity with the WinSpec/32
software is assumed. If this is not the case, you may want to review the software
manual or have it available while performing this procedure.
Set the software parameters as follows:
Environment dialog (Setup|Environment): Verify that the DMA Buffer
size is 8 Mbytes (min.). Large arrays may require a larger buffer size. If youchange the buffer size, you will have to reboot the computer for thismemory allocation to be activated, and then restart WinSpec.
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Controller|Camera tab (Setup|Hardware): Controller and Detector
parameters should be set automatically to the proper values for your system.
However, you can click on the Load Defaults From Controller button on
this tab to load the default settings.
 Use PVCAM: If you are using the USB 2.0 interface, verify that thebox is checked.
Note: This check box is not present on software versions 2.5.19.6
and higher.
 Controller type: ST-133
 Controller version: 5 or higher Camera type: Select the array installed in your detector.
 Shutter type: None.
 Readout mode: Full frame.
Cleans/Skips tab (Setup|Hardware): If you are setting up a 2-D OMA V,
configure Vertical Skips as follows: Minimum Block Size: 1Number of Blocks: 256

Detector Temperature (Setup|Detector Temperature…): -40°C for
air-cooled; -100°C for LN-cooled.
Note: If you are using the USB 2.0 interface, the Detector Temperature dialog
will not display temperature information while you are acquiring data.
Interface tab (Setup|Hardware): High Speed PCI (or PCI(Timer))
Note: This tab is not available if you are using the USB 2.0 interface.
Experiment Setup Main tab (Acquisition|Experiment Setup…):
 Exposure Time: 100 ms
 Accumulations & Number of Images: 1
Experiment Setup Timing tab (Acquisition|Experiment Setup…):
 Timing Mode: Free Run Shutter Control: Normal
 Safe Mode vs. Fast Mode: Fast Mode

Focusing
The mounting hardware provides two degrees of freedom, focus and rotation. In thiscontext, focus means to physically move the detector back and forth through the focal
plane of the spectrograph. The approach taken is to slowly move the detector in and out
of focus and adjust for optimum while watching a live display on the monitor, followed
by rotating the detector and again adjusting for optimum. The following procedure,
which describes the focusing operation with an Acton 300I spectrograph, can be easily
adapted to other spectrographs.
1. Mount a light source such as a mercury pen-ray type in front of the entrance slit of thespectrograph. Any light source with line output can be used. Standard fluorescent
overhead lamps have good calibration lines as well. If there are no “line” sources
available, it is possible to use a broadband source such as tungsten for the alignment.
If this is the case, use a wavelength setting of 0.0 nm for alignment purposes.
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2. With the spectrograph properly connected to the controller, turn the power on,
wait for the spectrograph to initialize. Then set it to 1013.975 nm or
1529.582 nm if using a mercury lamp or to 0.0 nm if using a broadband source.
Hint: Overhead fluorescent lights produce a mercury spectrum. Use a white card
tilted at 45 degrees in front of the entrance slit to reflect overhead light into thespectrograph. Select 1013.975 nm or 1529.582 nm as the spectral line. Refer toAppendix C for a graph of a Mercury-Argon pen lamp spectrum (750-1700 nm).
3. Set the slit to 25 µm if you have not already done so. If necessary, adjust the
Exposure Time to maintain optimum (near full-scale) signal intensity.
4. Run the Detector in live mode and watch the display on the monitor.
Hint: If using WinSpec/32, run in Focus mode.
5. Slowly move the detector in and out
of focus. You should see the spectralline go from broad to narrow andback to broad. If you activate
WinSpec's Focus Helper feature(accessed from the Process menu),
it will automatically locate peaks andFigure 14. In/Out Focus
generate a report on peakcharacteristics during live data acquisition. After you have gotten the narrowest
achievable line, leave the detector set at that focus.
Note that the way focusing is accomplished depends on the spectrograph, as follows.
Long focal-length spectrographs such as the Acton 300i: The
mounting adapter includes a tube that slides inside another tube to movethe detector in or out as required to achieve optimum focus.



Short focal-length spectrographs: There is generally a focusing
mechanism on the spectrograph itself which, when adjusted, will movethe optics as required to achieve proper focus.

No focusing adjustment: If there is no focusing adjustment, either
provided by the spectrograph or by the mounting hardware, then the only
recourse will be to adjust the spectrograph’s focusing mirror.
6. Next, adjust the rotation. You can do this by rotating the detector while watchinga live display of the line. The line will go from broad to narrow and back to
broad. Leave the detector rotation set for the narrowest achievable line.
Note: When aligning other accessories, such as fibers, lenses, optical fiber
adapters, first align the detector to the slit. Then align the accessory without
disturbing the detector position. The procedure is identical to that used to focus
the spectrograph (i.e., do the focus and alignment operations while watching alive image).

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Data Collection
1. After you have achieved focus, you can stop running in Focus mode.
2. Make any required changes to your experiment setup and software parameters.
Changes might include adjusting the exposure time, setting up an entrance slit
shutter, changing the timing mode to External Sync, or lowering the temperature.
3. Begin running Acquire mode. Data will be acquired and displayed/stored basedon the experiment settings.
4. If you have completed data collection, you can leave the controller on so thearray temperature will remain locked or you can go to the shutdown instructions.

Shutdown
1. Before turning off the ST-133:
a. Empty the Dewar (if the array is cooled by LN) or stop coolant flow (if acoolant circulator or a chiller/circulator unit is being used to cool the array).
b. Close WinSpec/32 if USB 2.0 is being used.
2. Turn off the controller.

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First Light (Imaging)This section provides step-by-step instructions for acquiring an imaging measurement for
the first time. The intent of this procedure is to help you gain basic familiarity with theoperation of your system and to show that it is functioning properly. Once basic familiarity
has been established, then operation with other operating configurations, ones with more
complex timing modes, can be performed.

Assumptions
The following procedure assumes that
1. You have already set up your system in accordance with the instructions in
Chapter 4.
2. You have read the previous sections of this chapter.
3. You are familiar with the application software.
4. The system is LN-cooled.
5. The detector contains a focal plane array (FPA).
6. The system is being operated in imaging mode.
7. The target is a sharp image, text, or a drawing that can be used to verify that thedetector is "seeing" and can be used to maximize focus.

Warnings
WARNING

Before You Start, if your system includes a microscope Xenon or Hg arc lamp, it is
CRITICAL to turn off all electronics adjacent to the arc lamp, especially your digitaldetector system and your computer hardware (monitors included) before turning on thelamp power.
Powering up a microscope Xenon or Hg arc lamp causes a large EMF spike to be
produced that can cause damage to electronics that are running in the vicinity of thelamp. We advise that you place a clear warning sign on the power button of your arc
lamp reminding all workers to follow this procedure. While Princeton Instruments hastaken great care to isolate its sensitive circuitry from EMF sources, we cannot guaranteethat this protection will be sufficient for all EMF bursts. Therefore, in order to fully
guarantee the performance of your system, you must follow this startup procedure.

Getting Started
1. Mount a test target in front of the detector.
2. Turn on the controller power.
3. Turn on the computer power.
4. Start the application software.
5. Start the coolant flow or fill the LN Dewar.
6. Block light from the lens.

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Setting the Parameters
Note: The following procedure is based on WinView/32: you will need to modify it
if you are using a different application. Basic familiarity with the WinView/32
software is assumed. If this is not the case, you may want to review the software
manual or have it available while performing this procedure.
Set the software parameters as follows:
Environment dialog (Setup|Environment): Verify that the DMA Buffer
size is 8 Mbytes (min.). Large arrays may require a larger buffer size. If youchange the buffer size, you will have to reboot the computer for thismemory allocation to be activated, and then restart WinView.
Controller|Camera tab (Setup|Hardware): Controller and Detector
parameters should be set automatically to the proper values for your system.
However, you can click on the Load Defaults From Controller button on
this tab to load the default settings.


Use PVCAM: This box should not be checked.
Note: This check box is not present on software versions 2.5.19.6 andhigher.



Controller type: ST-133



Controller version: 3 or higher

Camera type: Select the array installed in your detector.



Shutter type: None, Large, or Remote (system dependent).



Readout mode: Full frame.

Detector Temperature (Setup|Detector Temperature…): -40°C for
air-cooled, -100°C for LN-cooled. To see when the array temperaturereaches and stabilizes at the target temperature, leave the Detector
Temperature dialog open. When the target temperature is reached, the dialog
will report that the Current Temperature has Locked and the Temp Lock
LED on the back of the ST-133 will light to indicate that the temperature isthermostated to within 0.25°C of the set temperature.
Note: Some overshoot may occur. This could cause temperature lock to be
briefly lost and then quickly re-established. If you are reading the actual
temperature reported by the application software, there may be a small
difference between the set and reported temperature when lock isestablished. This is normal and does not indicate a system malfunction.
Interface tab (Setup|Hardware): High Speed PCI (or PCI(Timer))
Note: This tab is not available if you are using the USB 2.0 interface.
Cleans/Skips tab (Setup|Hardware): If you are setting up a 2-D OMA V,
configure Vertical Skips as follows: Minimum Block Size: 1Number of Blocks: 256

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Experiment Setup Main tab (Acquisition|Experiment Setup…):

Exposure Time: 100 ms

Accumulations & Number of Images: 1

Experiment Setup ROI tab (Acquisition|Experiment Setup…): Use thisfunction to define the region of interest (ROI).


Imaging Mode: Selected

Clicking on Full loads the full size of the chip into the edit boxes.

Experiment Setup Timing tab (Acquisition|Experiment Setup…):
 Timing Mode: Free RunShutter Control: Normal

Safe Mode vs. Fast Mode: Fast Mode

Acquiring Data
1. If you are using WinView/32 and the computer monitor for focusing, selectFocus from the Acquisition menu. Successive images will be sent to themonitor as quickly as they are acquired.
2. Adjust the lens aperture, intensity scaling, and focus for the best image asviewed on the computer monitor. Some imaging tips follow:


Begin with the lens blocked off and then set the lens at the smallest
possible aperture (largest f-stop number).



Make sure there is a suitable target in front of the lens. An object withtext or graphics works best. If working with a microscope, use any easily
viewed specimen.

Adjust the intensity scaling and lens aperture until a suitable setting isfound. The initial intensity scaling setting of 4096 assures that the image
won’t be missed altogether but could be dim. Once you’ve determinedthat the image is present, select a lower setting for better contrast. Checkthe brightest regions of the image to determine if the A/D converter is atfull-scale. A 16-bit A/D is at full scale when the brightest parts of theimage reach an intensity of 65535. Adjust the aperture to where it is justslightly smaller (higher f-stop) than the setting where maximum
brightness on any part of the image occurs.



Set the focus adjustment of the lens for maximum sharpness in theviewed image.



In the case of a detector with an F-mount, the lens adapter itself also has
a focus adjustment. If necessary, this focus can be changed to bring theimage into range of the lens focus adjustment. See "F-Mount Adapter
Focusing Procedure", page 115.

3. After you have focused the detector, you can stop Focus mode, continue
Focus mode, begin Acquire mode, or wait for the array to reach theoperating temperature before going to Acquire mode.
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4. If the array is cooled by LN, empty the Dewar before turning off thecontroller.
Note: Exposing the array to bright light (10× saturation) when cold(<-70°C) may cause the dark signal in the exposed pixels to be 3 to 10 times
higher than normal for that operating temperature. The effect can bereversed by allowing the detector to warm up to room temperature.

Exposure and Signal
Introduction
The following topics address factors that can affect the signal acquired on the array.
These factors include array architecture, exposure time, temperature, and saturation.

Array Architecture
A linear photodiode array (PDA) can be thought of as a one-dimensional array ofphotodiodes attached to an integrated circuit (IC) chip. For spectroscopy, a PDA isplaced at the image plane of a spectrometer to allow a range of wavelengths to be
detected simultaneously.
A focal plane array (FPA), such as the one in the 2-D OMA V:320, is a matrix ofphotodiodes bonded to a readout circuit on an IC chip. The photodiodes are responsive in
IR wavelengths, in which they absorb IR radiation, convert it into electrons, and send a
voltage signal in response to form an image. IR imaging FPA photodiodes are composedof materials sensitive to IR radiation
Each sensor on a PDA or an FPA is connected to its own charge storage “well.” Thesesensors respond to the intensity of light or IR radiation falling on their collection areasand store a proportional amount of charge in their associated “wells.” Once charge
accumulates for the specified exposure time (set in the software), the charge in each wellis read out serially.

Exposure Time
Exposure time (set on the Experiment Setup|Maintab) is the time between start acquisition and stop
acquisition commands sent by the application
software to the detector. In combination with triggers,
these commands control when continuous cleaning of
the array stops and when the accumulated signal will
be readout. The continuous cleaning prevents buildup
of dark current and unwanted signal prior to the eventof interest. At the end of the exposure time, the arrayis read out and cleaning starts again.

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Noise Sources
Primary noise sources include:

Dark signal - IR signal from the environment and leakage current

Input signal - photon shot noise Readout - noise generated when the MUXs are read out
The ideal detector contains no noise sources and is limited only by the photon shot noise.
Unfortunately, there are always noise sources that will contribute noise of one kind or
another to the total signal. The methods used to reduce the noise depend on the noise
component being addressed. Infrared noise from the detector and the environment can be
reduced by lowering the temperature of the detector and environment, respectively.

Array Temperature
When the WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32)
application software is the controlling software,
temperature control is done via is done via the
Detector Temperature dialog (Figure 15)
accessed from the Setup menu. Once thetarget array temperature has been set, thesoftware controls the detector's temperature
control circuitry to reach the set array
Figure 15. WinSpec/32 Detector Temperaturetemperature. On reaching that temperature, thedialogcontrol loop locks to that temperature for stable
and reproducible performance. When temperature lock has been reached (temperature
within 0.25°C of the set value), the green TEMP LOCK indicator on the Analog/Control
module panel lights and the Detector Temperature dialog reports that the current
temperature is "Locked". The on-screen indication allows easy verification oftemperature lock in experiments where the computer and controller are widely separated.
There is also provision for reading out the actual temperature at the computer so that the
progress of the cool down can be monitored.
The time required to achieve lock can vary over a considerable range, depending on suchfactors as the detector type, array type, type of cooling, etc. Once lock occurs, it’s okay
to begin focusing. However, you should wait an additional twenty minutes before taking
quantitative data so that the system has time to achieve optimum thermal stability.
Note: If you are using the USB 2.0 interface, the Detector Temperature dialog will not
display temperature information while you are acquiring data.

WARNING! LN-cooled detectors, because of their low operating temperatures, must always beconnected to an operating controller whenever there is LN in the Dewar. If the controller
power is turned off with liquid nitrogen remaining in the Dewar, the temperature control
circuitry is turned off and the array temperature will drop as the LN continues to cool thearray. Damage caused to the array by excessively low temperature (below the specified
operating temperature) is not covered by the warranty.

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Background Subtraction
Background subtraction is performed to remove a fixednoise pattern from the integrated signal. In the case of the
InGaAs PDA or the InGaAs FPA, the fixed pattern noiseis due to material variations that cause pixel input offset
voltages to vary. The input offset voltage of a photodiodemay be under zero bias (no dark current), reverse bias
(dark current with the same bias as the photo current), or
forward bias (dark current opposite to the photocurrent).
The pixel-pixel variation is repeatable from one readoutof the array to the next --- provided the array ismaintained at the same temperature, the same experimentsettings are being applied, and ambient conditions do notchange. Because the pixel-to-pixel variation is not
random electrical noise, it can be removed bybackground subtraction.
When acquiring the background to be subtracted, theFigure 16. Automatic Background
identical experiment settings are used but the
Subtraction
experiment signal source remains OFF. After the
background has been saved. Background subtraction can be set up to occur automatically(see Figure 16) as part of the data acquisition process or the background data can be
subtracted from the experiment signal as a post-acquisition process. Subtracting thebackground removes the dark signal (ambient signal and dark current component) of thesignal data.
Notes:
1. While the pattern is repeatable, its profile will change from temperature setting totemperature setting. Therefore, both the background data and the experiment data
MUST be acquired at the same locked temperature.
2. In cases where you will need the uncorrected (raw) data, perform backgroundsubtraction as a post-process.

Figure 17. Background Subtraction: Before and After Images

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Flat Field Correction
Non-uniformity of illumination sources and/or the non-uniformity of the InGaAs detector
can be compensated for by applying Flat Field correction. This procedure is performedby first setting up the experiment parameters, waiting until the detector has reachedoperating temperature to ensure stability, and taking a Flat Field reference image of theillumination source (without the sample). After the flat field has been acquired, youneed to select automatic Flatfield correction and specify the data file to be used (asshown in Figure 18). Then, set up the experiment with the sample in place and acquiredata. The flat field data will be automatically applied to the raw data and the resulting
data will be displayed and/or stored.

Figure 18. Acquisition menu (on left) and Data Corrections tab (on right)

Dark Signal
Dark signal is a buildup of charge on the array over time. Even with the light into thedetector completely blocked, the array will collect a dark signal, dependent on the
exposure time, detector temperature, and a variety of other factors. The longer the
exposure time and the warmer the detector, the larger and less uniform this backgroundwill appear. Thus, to minimize dark signal effects, you should set the detector
temperature at the lowest temperature within the recommended range for your detector(typically -40ºC for air-cooled and -100ºC for LN-cooled).
Dark signal values vary widely from one array to another and are temperature dependent.
Note: Dark signal is a fully subtractable readout pattern. See "Background
Subtraction" on page 53.

Caution54

If you observe a sudden change in the baseline signal, you may have excessive humidity
in the vacuum enclosure of the detector. Immediately turn off the controller (ifLN-cooled, remove the liquid nitrogen also). Then, contact Princeton Instruments
Customer Support for further instructions. See page 124 for contact information.

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Saturation
When signal levels in some part of the image are very high, charge generated in one pixel
may exceed the “well capacity” of the pixel, spilling over into adjacent pixels in aprocess called “blooming.” In this case, a shorter exposure time is advisable, with signal
averaging to enhance S/N (Signal-to-Noise ratio) accomplished through the software.
For signal levels low enough to be read-noise limited, longer exposure times, andtherefore longer signal integration on the array, will improve the S/N ratio approximately
linearly with the length of exposure time. There is, however, a maximum time limit for
on-chip accumulation, determined by either the saturation of the array by the signal or
the loss of dynamic range due to the buildup of dark signal.

Readout
Introduction
Two factors to be considered with regard to array readout are: region of interest (ROI)
and analog gain control. ROI selection (2-D OMA V detector only) allows you specify asection of the array to be read out and saved; the remaining data is read out anddiscarded. Analog gain control determines how many photons will be required togenerate an analog-to-digital unit; the gain choice should be based on the signal intensity.

Region of Interest (ROI)
2-D OMA V:320 supports region of interest (ROI) or area selection. However, there may
not be any improvement in frame rate. While there will be no increase in readout speed,
there will be a reduction in the size of the data set.
When a detector uses a CCD as the data collection device, an ROI may have rows of data
preceding it and following it that are to be read out and discarded without being
converted to digital information. This process is called skipping and is controlled by the
Vertical Skips settings (Setup|Hardware|Cleans/Skips tab) which by default are
Minimum Block Size: 2 and Number of Blocks: 5. These settings speed up the rate
at which the non-ROI areas are read out and discarded and thereby increase the overall
readout speed.
The 2-D OMA FPA does not support vertical skips; and all of the rows on the array areread out and converted before the non-ROI information is discarded. The default
Vertical Skips settings of Minimum Block Size: 2 and Number of Blocks: 5,
while appearing to work, will result in invalid data. Instead, you must change thesesettings to 1 and 256, respectively, for the 2-D OMA array.

Analog Gain Control
Analog gain control is used to change the number of electrons required to generate an
Analog-to-Digital Unit (ADU, also known as a count). In WinSpec/32 and WinView/32,
the analog gain choices for OMA V detectors are Low and High. Users who measurehigh-level signals may wish to select Low to allow digitization of larger signals. Users
who consistently measure low-level signals may wish to select High, which requires
fewer electrons to generate an ADU and reduces some sources of noise. This is aparticularly important consideration in absorbance measurements.
Example: The following descriptions assume that the actual incoming light level is
identical in both instances. The numbers used are typical values for OMA V linear PDA
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detectors and may not reflect actual detector performance; typical values are different for
FPAs.
Low requires 1750 electrons to generate one ADU. Strong signals can be acquired
without flooding the array. If the gain is set to Low and the spectra or images appear
weak, you may want to change the gain setting to High.
High requires 65 electrons to generate one ADU and some noise sources are
reduced. Because fewer electrons are needed to generate an ADU, weaker signals
can be more readily detected. Lower noise further enhances the ability to acquire
weak signals. If the array appears to be flooded with light, you may want to change
the setting to Low.
Note: Analog gain is software-selectable in many of the OMA V detectors. In the WinX
application software, gain selection is made on the Acquisition| Experiment
Setup…|ADC tab card.
This technique is also useful in high light level experiments, where the detector is again
photon shot-noise limited. Summing multiple pixels in software corresponds tocollecting more photons, and results in a better S/N ratio in the measurement.

Digitization
Introduction
After gain has been applied to the signal, the Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
converts that analog information (continuous amplitudes) into a digital data (quantified,discrete steps) that can be read, displayed, and stored by the application software. The
number of bits per pixel is based on both the hardware and the settings programmed into
the detector through the software (see "Readout", page 55).
Factors associated with digitization include the digitization rate and baseline signal.
Depending on the detector model, you may be able change the speed at which
digitization occurs and/or offset the baseline. These factors are discussed in thefollowing paragraphs.

Digitization Rate
After readout, an analog signal representing the charge of each pixel is digitized. The
number of bits per pixel is based on both the hardware and the settings programmed into
the detector through the software. A 1 MHz A/D converter is standard for the OMA V
spectroscopy arrays. Dual digitizers (1 MHz/5 MHz) are standard for the OMA V
imaging arrays (for example, the array used in the 2-D OMA V:320).
Dual digitizers mean that you have a choice of how quickly the data will be digitized.
Because the readout noise of arrays increases with the readout rate, it is sometimes
necessary to trade off readout speed for high dynamic range. The 5 MHz conversion
speed is used for the fastest possible data collection and the 1 MHz conversion speed isused where noise performance is the paramount concern. Switching between theconversion speeds is completely under software control for total experiment automation.

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Note: In WinView and WinSpec, the digitization (ADC) rate can be changed on theExperiment Setup|ADC tab.

ADC Offset (Baseline Offset)
ADC offset (also known as baseline offset) provides another way of dealing with dark
signal (see "Dark Signal", page 54). By offsetting the baseline signal, much of the
background is ignored during conversion.
During the exposure time, the array will collect a charge pattern and an IR signal in
addition to the signal of interest. The longer the exposure time and the warmer thedetector and the environment, the larger and less uniform this background will appear.

CautionIf you observe a sudden change in the baseline signal you may have excessive humidity
in the detector vacuum enclosure. Turn off the controller, remove the liquid nitrogen, andcontact Princeton Instruments Customer Support for further instructions.
All OMA V:InGaAs arrays have been tested for uniformity and do not exhibit any
vignetting (reduction of response) at the extreme ends of the array. If you do measuresuch reduction in response across the array, it may be the result of one or more of thefollowing conditions:Condensation of water on the edges of the Dewar window has occurred. This should
not happen unless the cooling/pumping instructions, previously mentioned, were notfollowed or if the Dewar has sprung a leak (a rare situation).

Your spectrometer is not illuminating the full photoactive area of the array. Most
spectrographs provide at least a 1" wide focal plane that should cover the full array.
If the exit port has been masked, the full focal plane may not be available.

Binning
Binning is the process of adding the data fromadjacent pixels together to form a single pixel(sometimes called a super pixel). In the case of CCD
arrays, binning is often performed on the array as partof the readout process. This is not the case with
InGaAs detectors since they do not have a serial
register or a summing node. Rather than binning on
the array, binning is accomplished in software after
the data has been read out and digitized. Software
binning can be set up to occur automatically (set up
and selected on the Acquisition| Experiment
Setup|ROI Setup tab).
The advantage to software binning is that it can
improve the S/N ratio by as much as the square root of
the number of scans. Unfortunately, with a highnumber of scans, i.e., above 100, detector 1/f noise may reduce the actual S/N ratio toslightly below this theoretical value. Also, if the light source used is photon-flicker
limited rather than photon shot-noise limited, this theoretical signal improvement cannot
be fully realized. Again, background subtraction from the data is necessary.

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Chapter 6
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Introduction
Previous chapters have discussed setting up the
hardware and the software for basic operation. This
chapter discusses topics associated with experiment
synchronization (set up on the Experiment
Setup|Timing tab in WinView and WinSpec).Withthe exception of Edge Trigger, the topics are
addressed in order of their appearance on the Timing
tab (see Figure 19).
"Timing Modes", the first topic, discusses
Timing Modes, Shutter Control, and Edge
Trigger. Also included under this topic is a
discussion of the EXT SYNC connector, the input
connector for a trigger pulse.

"Fast Mode", the second topic, discusses theFast. Fast is used for real-time data acquisition. Safe
Mode is not valid for InGaAs detectors.



Figure 19. Timing tab"TTL Control", the final topic, discusses the TTL IN/Out connector on the rear of
the ST-133 and how commands can be sent via TTL levels to and from the ST-133.

Standard Timing Modes
The basic ST-133 timing modes that areappropriate to OMA V operation are Free Run,and External Sync. These timing modes are
combined with the Shutter options to provide thewidest variety of timing modes for precisionexperiment synchronization.

Mode

Shutter

Free Run

NormalExternal Sync

NormalExternal Sync

PreOpenTable 3. Timing Modes for OMA V Detectors
If an external entrance slit shutter is being
controlled by the ST-133, the shutter options
available (Normal, PreOpen, Disable Opened or Disable Closed) may be used tocoordinate shutter operation with the experiment. Disable simply means that the shutter
will not operate during the experiment. Disable closed is useful for making dark signal
measurements of background, or when no shutter is present in the system. PreOpen,available in the External Sync mode, opens the shutter as soon as the ST-133 is ready toreceive an External Sync pulse. This is required if the time between the External Sync
pulse and the event is less than a few milliseconds, the time it takes the shutter to open.

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The shutter timing is shown in the timing diagrams that follow. Except for Free Run,
where the modes of shutter operation are identical, both Normal and PreOpen lines areshown in the timing diagrams and flow chart.
The timing diagrams are labeled indicating the exposure time (texp), shutter
compensation time (tc), and readout time (tR).

Free Run
In the Free Run mode the controller does notsynchronize with the experiment in any way. The
shutter opens as soon as the previous readout iscomplete, and remains open for the exposure
time, texp. Any External Sync signals are ignored.
This mode is useful for experiments with aconstant light source, such as a CW laser or a DC
lamp. Other experiments that can use this mode
are high repetition studies, where the number ofshots that occur during a single shutter cycle isso large that it appears to be continuous
illumination.
Other experimental equipment can besynchronized to the ST-133 controller by using theoutput signal (software-selectable SHUTTER or
NOT SCAN) fromconnector. Shutter
operation and the NOT SCAN output signal are
shown in Figure 21.

Figure 20. Free Run timing chart,
part of the chart in Figure 24

Figure 21. Free Run Timing Diagram

External Sync
In this mode, all exposures are synchronized to an external source. As shown in the
flowchart, Figure 22, this mode can be used in combination with Normal or PreOpen
Shutter operation. In Normal Shutter mode, the controller waits for an External Sync
pulse, then opens the shutter for the programmed exposure period. As soon as the
exposure is complete, the shutter closes and the array is read out. The shutter requires up
to 26 msec to open completely, depending on the model of shutter.
External synchronization depends on an edge trigger (negative- or positive-going) whichmust be supplied to the Ext Sync BNC on the back of the ST-133. The type of edge mustbe identified in the application software to ensure that the shutter opening is initiated by60

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the correct edge (in the WinX application software, this is done on the Experiment
Setup|Timing tab). Since the shutter requires up to 26 msec to fully open, the External
Sync pulse provided by the experiment must precede the actual signal by at least thatmuch time. If not, the shutter will not be open for the duration of the entire signal, or thesignal may be missed completely.
Also, since the amount of time from initialization of the experiment to the first External
Sync pulse is not fixed, an accurate background subtraction may not be possible for the
first readout. In multiple-shot experiments this is easily overcome by simply discarding
the first frame.
In the PreOpen Shutter mode, on the other hand, shutter operation is only partiallysynchronized to the experiment. As soon as the controller is ready to collect data, theshutter opens. Upon arrival of the first External Sync pulse at the ST-133, the shutter
remains open for the specified exposure period, closes, and the array is read out. As soon
as readout is complete, the shutter reopens and waits for the next frame.

Figure 22. Chart showing two External Sync Timing Options

The PreOpen mode is useful in cases where an External Sync pulse cannot be provided
5-26 msec before the actual signal occurs. Its main drawback is that the array is exposed
to any ambient light while the shutter is open between frames. If this ambient light isconstant, and the triggers occur at regular intervals, this background can also be
subtracted, providing that it does not saturate the array. As with the Normal Shutter
mode, accurate background subtraction may not be possible for the first frame.
Also note that, in addition to signal from ambient light, dark signal accumulates during
the “wait” time (tw). Any variation in the external sync frequency also affects the amountof dark signal, even if light is not falling on the array during this time.

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Note: If EXT SYNC is still active (in Figure 23, this means that if it is still LOW) at theend of the readout, the hardware will interpret this as a second sync pulse, and so on.

Figure 23. External Sync Timing diagram

Fast ModeIn some versions of the WinX application software,
the Experiment Setup Timing tab allows the choiceof Fast Mode or Safe Mode operation. Only Fast
Mode operation is valid for OMA V detectors. In thisoperating mode, the ST-133 runs according to thetiming of the experiment, with no interruptions fromthe computer.
Fast Mode operation is primarily for collecting “realtime” sequences of experimental data, where timing is
critical and events cannot be missed. Once the ST-133
is sent the Start Acquisition command by thecomputer, all frames are collected without further
intervention from the computer (Figure 24 shows theacquisition sequence). The advantage of this timingmode is that timing is controlled completely throughhardware. A drawback to this mode is that the computer will only display frames when it
is not performing other tasks. Image display has a lower priority, so the image on thescreen may lag several images behind. A second drawback is that a data overrun may
occur if the number of images collected exceeds the amount of allocated RAM or if thecomputer cannot keep up with the data rate.

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If an external entrance slit shutter is being controlled by
the ST-133, the shutter options available (Normal,
PreOpen, Disable Opened or Disable Closed) may be
used to coordinate shutter operation with theexperiment. Disable simply means that the shutter will
not operate during the experiment. Disable closed isuseful for making dark signal measurements ofbackground, or when no shutter is present in the system.
PreOpen, available in the External Sync mode, opens the
shutter as soon as the ST-133 is ready to receive an
External Sync pulse. This is required if the time between
the External Sync pulse and the event is less than a few
milliseconds, the time it takes the shutter to open.
The shutter timing is shown in the timing diagrams that
follow. Except for Free Run, where the modes of shutter
operation are identical, both Normal and PreOpen lines
are shown in the timing diagrams and flow chart.
The timing diagrams are labeled indicating the exposure
time (texp), shutter compensation time (tc), and readout
time (tR).

Figure 24. Flowchart of Fast
Mode Operation

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TTL Control
Fully supported by WinSpec/WinView Version 2.5 when the communication
protocol is TAXI (PCI), this feature is not supported when the protocol is USB 2.0.

Introduction
Princeton Instrument’s WinSpec/32 and WinView/32 software packages incorporate
WinX32 Automation, a programming language that can be used to automate performinga variety of data acquisition and data processing functions, including use of the TTL
In/Out functions. WinX32 Automation can be implemented in programs written in
Visual Basic. See the WinX32 documentation for more detailed information.
The TTL lines are made available through the TTL In/Out connector on the rear of the
ST-133 Controller. This connector provides 8 TTL lines in, 8 TTL lines out and an input
control line. Figure 25 illustrates the connector and Table 5 lists the signal/pin
assignments.

TTL InThe user controls the 8 TTL Input lines, setting them high (+5 V; TTL 1) or low (0 V;
TTL 0).

WARNING!

Voltages above +5V may damage circuitry.
When the lines are read, the combination of highs and lows read defines a decimal
number which the computer can use to make a decision and initiate actions as specified
in the user’s program. If a TTL IN line is low, its numeric value is 0. If a TTL IN line ishigh, its numeric value is as follows.
TTL IN
1
2
3
4

Value
1
2
4
8

TTL IN
5
6
7
8

Value
16
32
64
128

This coding allows any decimal value from 0 to 255 to be defined. Thus, as many as 256
different sets of conditions can be specified, at the user’s discretion, using the TTL IN
lines. Any unused lines will default to TTL high (+5 V). For example, to define thenumber three, the user would simply set the lines TTL IN 1 and TTL IN 2 both high(+5 V). It would be necessary to apply TTL low to the remaining six lines because theywould otherwise default to TTL high as well.
TTL INValue
TTL INValue
1
High (1)5
Low (0)2
High (2)6Low (0)3
Low (0)7
Low (0)4
Low (0)8
Low (0)
Table 4 illustrates this coding for decimal values 0 through 7. Obviously, this table could
easily be extended to show the coding for values all the way to 255.

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DecimalEquiv.

TTLIN/OUT 8
1= dec 128

TTL
IN/OUT 7
1=dec 64TTL
IN/OUT 6
1=dec 32TTL
IN/OUT 5
1=dec 16TTL
IN/OUT 4
1=dec 8TTL
IN/OUT 3
1=dec 4TTL
IN/OUT 2
1=dec 2TTL
IN/OUT 1
1=dec 1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

3

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

4

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

5

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

1

6

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

7

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

Table 4. Bit Values with Decimal Equivalents:
1 = High,
0 = Low

Buffered vs. Latched Inputs
In controlling the TTL IN lines, users also have the choice of two input-line states,
buffered or latched. In the buffered state, the line levels must remain at the intended
levels until they are read. With reference to the preceding example, the high level at TTL
IN 1 and TTL IN 2 would have to be maintained until the lines are read. In the latchedstate, the applied levels continue to be available until read, even if they should change at
the TTL In/Out connector.
This control is accomplished using the EN/CLK TTL input (pin 6). If EN/CLK is openor high, buffered operation is established and the levels reported to the macro will bethose in effect when the READ is made. With reference to our example, if pin 6 were left
unconnected or a TTL high applied, TTL IN 1 and TTL IN 2 would have to be held highuntil read. If, on the other hand, EN/CLK were made to go low while TTL IN 1 and TTL
IN 2 were high, those values would be latched for as long as EN/CLK remained low. The
levels actually present at TTL IN 1 and TTL IN 2 could then change without changing
the value that would be read by software.

TTL Out
The state of the TTL OUT lines is set from the WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32)
application software. Typically, a program monitoring the experiment sets one or moreof the TTL Outputs. Apparatus external to the ST-133 interrogates the lines and, on
detecting the specified logic levels, takes the action appropriate to the detected condition.
The coding is the same as for the input lines. There are eight output lines, each of which
can be set low (0) or high (1). The combination of states defines a decimal number as
previously described for the TTL IN lines.

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Figure 25. TTL In/Out Connector

Version 4.F

Pin #Assignment

Pin #Assignment

1

IN 1

14

IN 2

2

IN 3

15

IN 4

3

IN 5

16

IN 6

4

IN 7

17

IN 8

5

GND

18

GND

6

EN/CLK

19

Reserved

7(future use)

20

GND

8

GND

21

OUT 2

9

OUT 1

22

OUT 4

10

OUT 3

23

OUT 6

11

OUT 5

24

OUT 8

12

OUT 7

25

GND

13

Reserved
Table 5. TTL In/Out Connector Pinout

TTL Diagnostics Screen
Note that the WinX application software provides
a TTL Diagnostics screen (located under
Hardware Setup|Diagnostics) that can beused to test and analyze the TTL In/Out lines.

Hardware Interface
A cable will be needed to connect the TTL In/Out
connector to the experiment. The design will vary
widely according to each user’s needs, but astandard 25-pin female type D-subminiatureconnector will be needed to mate with the TTL
In/Out connector at the ST-133. The hardware at
the other end of the cable will depend entirely on the user’s requirements. If theindividual connections are made using coaxial cable for maximum noise immunity(recommended), the center conductor of the coax should connect to the proper signal pin
and the cable shield should connect to the nearest available ground (grounds areconveniently provided at pins 5, 8, 18 and 20). Connector hardware and cables of manydifferent types are widely available and can often be obtained locally, such as at a nearby

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electronics store. A list of possibly useful items follows. Note that, although the items
listed may be appropriate in many situations, they might not meet your specific needs.
25-pin female type D-subminiature solder type connector (Radio Shack® part no 2761548B).



RG/58U coaxial cable.



Shielded Metalized hood (Radio Shack part no 276-1536A).



BNC connector(s) type UG-88 Male BNC connector (Radio Shack part no 278-103).

ExampleSuppose you needed to build a cable to monitor the line TTL OUT 1. One approach
would be to build a cable assembly as described in the following paragraphs. This
procedure could easily be adapted to other situations.
1. Begin with a 25-pin female type D-subminiature solder type connector (Radio Shackpart no 276-1548B). This connector has 25 solder points open on the back.
2. Referring to Table 5 on page 66, note that pin 8 = GND and pin 9 = TTL OUT 1.
3. Using coaxial cable type RG/58U (6 feet length), strip out the end and solder theouter sheath to pin 8 (GND) and the inner line to pin 9 (TTL OUT 1). Then apply
shielding to the lines to insulate them.
4. Mount the connector in a Shielded Metalized hood (Radio Shack part no 2761536A).
5. Build up the cable (you can use electrical tape) to where the strain relief clamp
holds.
6. Connect a BNC connector (UG-88 Male BNC connector) to the free end of the cablefollowing the instructions supplied by Radio Shack on the box (Radio Shack part no278-103).
7. To use this cable, connect the DB-25 to the TTL In/Out connector on the back of the
ST-133 controller.
8. To check the cable, start the WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32) application
software and open the TTL Diagnostics screen (located under Hardware Setup Diagnostics). Click the Write radio button. Then click the Output Line 1 box.
Next, click the OK button to actually set TTL OUT 1 high. Once you set the voltage,
it stays until you send a new command.
9. Measure the voltage at the BNC connector with a standard voltmeter (red on thecentral pin, black on the surrounding shielding). Before clicking OK at the TTL
Diagnostics screen you should read 0 V. After clicking OK you should read +5 V.
Note that adding a second length of coaxial cable and another BNC connector would bestraightforward. However, as you increase the number of lines to be monitored, it
becomes more convenient to consider using a multiple conductor shielded cable rather
than individual coaxial cables.

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WARNING!

Do not attach or remove any cables while the detector system is powered on.

Introduction
The following issues have corresponding troubleshooting sections in this chapter.
Baseline Signal Suddenly Changes

Page 70

Camera1 (or similar name) on Hardware Setup dialog

Page 70

Changing the ST-133 Line Voltage and Fuses

Page 71

Controller Is Not Responding

Page 72

Cooling Troubleshooting

Page 72

Data Loss or Serial Violation

Page 73

Data Overrun Due to Hardware Conflict message

Page 74

Data Overrun Has Occurred message

Page 74

Demo is only Choice on Hardware Wizard:Interface dialog(Versions 2.5.19.0 and Earlier)

Page 75

Demo, High Speed PCI, and PCI(Timer) are Choices on Hardware
Wizard:Interface dialog (Versions 2.5.19.0 and Earlier)

Page 76

Detector Temperature, Acquire, and Focus are Grayed Out(Versions 2.5.19.0 and Earlier)

Page 78

Error Creating Controller message

Page 79

Error occurs at Computer Powerup

Page 80

No CCD Named in the Hardware Wizard CCD Dialog(Versions 2.5.19.0 and Earlier)

Page 82

Program Error message

Page 83

Removing/Installing a Plug-In Module

Page 84

Securing the Detector-Controller Cable Slide Latch

Page 86

Serial violations have occurred. Check interface cable.

Page 87

Vignetting

Page 87

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Baseline Signal Suddenly Changes
If you observe a sudden change in the baseline signal, you may have excessive humidity
in the vacuum enclosure of the detector. Turn off the controller (if LN-cooled, remove
the liquid nitrogen also) system and have the detector repumped before resuming normal
operation. Contact Customer Support for further instructions. See page 124 for contact
information.

Camera1 (or similar name) on Hardware Setup dialog

Figure 26. Camera1 in Controller Type (Camera Name) Field

If you see a default name such as Camera1 on the Setup|Hardware|Controller/CCD
tab, you may want to change it since this name is not particularly descriptive. Such achange is made by editing the PVCAM.INI file that is generated by Camera Detection
wizard (or by the RSConfig.exe if you have software version 2.5.19.0 or earlier).
To change the default Camera Name:
1. Using Notepad or a similar text editor, open PVCAM.INI, which is located in
the Windows directory (C:\Windows, for example). You should see entries likethe ones below.
[Camera_1]
Type=1
Name=Camera1
Driver=apausb.sys
Port=0ID=523459
2. Change the "Name=" entry to something more meaningful for you (for example,
ST133USB - to indicate that this is a PVCAM-based system using an ST-133
with a USB 2.0 interface) and save the edited file.
[Camera_1]
Type=1
Name=ST133USB
Driver=apausb.sys
Port=0ID=523459
3. The new camera name will now appear in the Controller Type (Camera
Name) field.

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Changing the ST-133 Line Voltage and Fuses
The appropriate voltage setting for your country is set at the factory and can be seen on
the back of the power module. If your voltage source changes, you will need to change
the voltage setting and you may need to change the fuse configuration.

WARNING! Use proper fuse values and types for the controller and detector to be properly protected.
To Change Voltage and Fuse Configuration:

WARNING!

Before opening the power module, turn the Controller OFF and unplug
the powercord.
1. As shown in Figure 27, place the flatside of a flat bladed screwdriverparallel to the back of the Controller
and behind the small tab at the top of
the power module, and twist thescrewdriver slowly but firmly to pop
the module open.
2. To change the voltage setting, roll theselector drum until the setting that isclosest to the actual line voltage isfacing outwards.
3. Confirm the fuse ratings by removing thetwo white fuse holders. To do so, simply
insert the flat blade of the screwdriverbehind the front tab of each fuse holder
and gently pry the assembly out.

Figure 27. Power Input Module

Figure 28. Fuse Holder

4. Refer to the Fuse/Voltage label (above or below the Power Module) to see whichfuses are required by the selected voltage. If Controller power switch is on the backof the ST-133, the Fuse/Voltage label is located below the Power Module.
5. After inspecting and if necessary, changing the fuses to those required by theselected voltage, reinstall the holders with the arrow facing to the right.
6. Close the power module and verify that the correct voltage setting is displayed.
7. Verify that the Controller power switch is in the OFF position and then plug thepowercord back into the power module.

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Controller Is Not Responding
If this message pops up when you click on OK after selecting the Interface Type during
Hardware Setup (selected from the Setup menu), the system has not been able tocommunicate with the Controller. Check to see if Controller has been turned ON and if
the interface card, its driver, and the interface cable have been installed.


If the Controller is ON, the problem may be with the interface card, its driver,interrupt or address conflicts, or the cable connections.



If the interface card is not installed, close the WinX (WinSpec/32 or
WinView/32) application software and turn the Controller OFF. Follow theinterface card installation instructions in Chapter 4 and cable the interface card
to the SERIAL COM port on the rear of the Controller. Then do a "Custom"
installation of the WinX application software with the appropriate interface
component selected: "PCI Interface". Be sure to deselect any interface
component that does not apply to your system.



If the interface card is installed in the computer and is cabled to the SERIAL
COM port on the rear of the Controller, close the WinX application software andturn the Controller OFF. Check the cable connections and tighten the locking
screws if the connections are loose.



If the interface card was installed after the WinX application software has been
installed, close the WinX application software and do a "Custom" installation of
the WinX application software with the appropriate interface component
selected: "PCI Interface". Be sure to deselect any interface component that does
not apply to your system.

Cooling Troubleshooting
Temperature Lock cannot be Achieved or Maintained.
Possible causes could include:72The vacuum has deteriorated and needs to be refreshed.

The connectors of the cable that interconnects the controller and the detector need to
be secured.



The target array temperature is not appropriate for your particular detector andarray.

For a TE-cooled detector, the detector's internal temperature may be too high, suchas might occur if the operating environment is particularly warm or if you areattempting to operate at a temperature colder or warmer than the specified limit. TEcooled detectors are equipped with a thermal-protection switch that shuts the cooler
circuits down if the internal temperature exceeds a preset limit. Typically, detector
operation is restored automatically in about ten minutes. Although the thermoprotection switch will protect the detector, you are nevertheless advised to power
down and correct the operating conditions that caused the thermal-overload to occur.

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Detector loses Temperature Lock
The internal temperature of the detector is too high. This might occur if the operating
environment is particularly warm or if you are attempting to operate at a temperaturecolder than the specified limit. If this happens, an internal thermal overload switch will
disable the cooler circuits to protect them. Typically, detector operation is restored inabout ten minutes. Although the thermal overload switch will protect the detector, users
are advised to power down and correct the operating conditions that caused the thermal
overload to occur. With some versions of the software, the indicated temperature when
the detector is in thermal overload (thermal switch is in the cut-out state) is -100° C.
Note: If the Detector Temperature dialog is open, the following message will be
displayed in the box when thermal overload is detected: "Detector Overheated! Consult
operations manual or contact PI Technical Support if problem persists."

Gradual Deterioration of Cooling Capability
With time, there will be a gradual deterioration of the detector’s vacuum. This, in turn,will eventually affect temperature performance and it may no longer be possible toachieve temperature lock at the lowest temperatures. In the kind of low-light applications
for which cooled detectors are so well suited, it is highly desirable to maintain thesystem’s temperature performance because lower temperatures provide less thermal
noise and better signal-to-noise ratio.
Vacuum deterioration occurs primarily as a result of outgassing of components in thevacuum chamber. Because outgassing normally diminishes with time, the rate of vacuum
deterioration in new detectors will be faster than in old ones. When the detector nolonger maintains an acceptable cold temperature, contact Princeton Instruments
Customer Support to make arrangements for returning the detector to have the vacuum
restored. See page 124 for contact information.

WARNING! Do not open the vacuum valve under any circumstances. Opening the vacuum valve willvoid your warranty.

Data Loss or Serial Violation
You may experience either or both of these conditions if the host computer has been set
up with Power Saving features enabled. This is particularly true for power saving withregard to the hard drive. Make sure that Power Saving features are disabled while you
are running the WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32) application software.

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Data Overrun Due to Hardware Conflict message

Figure 29. Data Overrun Due to Hardware Conflict dialog

If this dialog appears when you try to acquire a test image, acquire data, or run in focus
mode, check the CCD array size and then check the DMA buffer size. A large array (forexample, a 2048x2048 array), requires a larger DMA buffer larger setting than that for asmaller array (for example, a 512x512 array).
To change the DMA buffer setting:
1. Note the array size (on the Setup|Hardware|Controller/CCD tab or theAcquisition|Experiment Setup|Main tab Full Chip dimensions).
2. Open Setup|Environment|Environment dialog.
3. Increase the DMA buffer size to a minimum of 32 Mb (64 Mb if it is currently
32 Mb or 128 Mb if it is currently 64 Mb), click on OK, and close the WinX
application software.
4. Reboot your computer.
5. Restart the WinX application software and begin acquiring data or focusing. If
you see the message again, increase the DMA buffer size.

Data Overrun Has Occurred message
Because of memory constraints and the way that USB transfers data, a "Data overrun has
occurred" message may be displayed during data acquisition. If this message isdisplayed, take one or more of the following actions:
1. Minimize the number of programs running in the background while you are
acquiring data with the WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32) application
software.
2. Add memory.
3. Use binning.
4. Increase the exposure time.
5. Defragment the hard disk.
6. Update the Orange Micro USB2 driver. See "To Update the OrangeUSB USB
2.0 Driver", page 31.
If the problem persists, your application may be USB 2.0 bus limited. Since the host computer
controls the USB 2.0 bus, there may be situations where the host computer interrupts the USB
2.0 port. In most cases, the interrupt will go unnoticed by the user. However, there are someinstances when the data overrun cannot be overcome because USB 2.0 bus limitations
combined with long data acquisition times and/or large data sets increase the possibility of aninterrupt while data is being acquired. If your experiment requirements include long data74

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acquisition times and/or large data sets, your application may not be suitable for the USB 2.0
interface. Therefore, we recommend replacement of the USB 2.0 interface module with our
TAXI interface module and Princeton Instruments (RSPI) high speed PCI card. If this is
not the case and data overruns continue to occur, contact Customer Support (see page 124 forcontact information).

Demo is only Choice on Hardware Wizard:Interface dialog(Versions 2.5.19.0 and Earlier)
If RSConfig.exe has not been run and there is not an installed Princeton Instruments (RSPI)
high speed PCI card, the Hardware Wizard will only present the choice "Demo" in theInterface dialog (Figure 30). Clicking on Next presents an "Error Creating Controller.
Error=129." message, clicking on OK presents "The Wizard Can Not Continue Without a
Valid Selection!" message, clicking on OK presents the Interface dialog again.

Figure 30. Hardware Wizard: Interface dialog

At this point, you will need to exit the WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32) application
software and run the RSConfig.exe program, which creates a file called PVCAM.INI.
This file contains information required to identify the interface/camera (or detector) andis referenced by the Hardware Wizard when you are setting up WinSpec/32 with USB
for the first time:
1. If you have not already done so, close the WinX application software.
2. Make sure the ST-133 is connected to the host computer and that it is turned on.
3. Run RSConfig from the Windows|Start|Programs|PI Acton menu or from thedirectory where you installed the WinX application software.
4. When the RSConfig dialog (Figure 31) appears, you can change the camera
name to one that is more specific or you can keep the default name "Camera1".
When you have finished, click on the Done button.

Figure 31. RSConfig dialog

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Version 4.F5. You should now be able to open the WinX application software and, from
Setup|Hardware…, run the Hardware Wizard.
6. When the PVCAM dialog (Figure 32) is displayed, click in the Yes radio button,
click on Next and continue through the Wizard. After the Wizard is finished, theController/Camera tab card will be displayed with the Use PVCAM checkbox
selected. You should now be able to set up experiments and acquire data.

Figure 32. Hardware Wizard: PVCAM dialog

Demo, High Speed PCI, and PCI(Timer) are Choices on Hardware
Wizard:Interface dialog (Versions 2.5.19.0 and Earlier)If there is an installed Princeton Instruments (RSPI) high speed PCI card in the hostcomputer and you want to operate a detector using the USB 2.0 interface, thePVCAM.INI file (created by RSConfig.exe) must exist and the USB 2.0 supported
detector/camera must be [Camera_1]. PVCAM.INI, which contains information required
to identify the interface/camera (or detector), is referenced by the Hardware Wizard
when you are setting up the WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32) application softwarewith USB for the first time. If the Wizard did not find a PVCAM.INI file or if
RSConfig.exe was run but the USB 2.0 camera is [Camera_2] in the PVCAM.INI file,"Demo", "High Speed PCI", and "PCI(Timer)" will be selectable from the Wizard's
Interface dialog.

Figure 33. Hardware Wizard: Interface dialog

At this point, you will need to run the RSConfig.exe program:
4. If you have not already done so, close the WinX application software.
5. Make sure the ST-133 is connected to the host computer and that it is turned on.
6. Run RSConfig from the Windows|Start|Programs|PI Acton menu or from thedirectory where you installed the WinX application software.
7. When the RSConfig dialog (Figure 34) appears, you can change the camera
name to one that is more specific or you can keep the default name "Camera2".
When you have finished, click on the Done button. You will next edit thegenerated PVCAM.INI file.
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Figure 34. RSConfig dialog: Two Camera Styles

8. Using Notepad or a similar text editor, open PVCAM.INI, which is located in
the Windows directory (C:\Windows, for example).
If the contents of the file look like: Change the headings so the contents now look like:[Camera_1]
Type=1
Name=Camera1
Driver=rspipci.sys
Port=0[Camera_2]
Type=1
Name=Camera1
Driver=rspipci.sys
Port=0[Camera_2]
Type=1
Name=Camera2
Driver=apausb.sys
Port=0[Camera_1]
Type=1
Name=Camera2
Driver=apausb.sys
Port=0Note: The [Camera_#] must be changed so the camera supported by the USB
interface will be recognized (the USB driver is "apausb.sys"). For consistency,
you may also want to change the camera names.
9. Save the file. With the ST-133 connected and on, open the WinX application
software.
10. Run the Hardware Wizard.
11. When the PVCAM dialog (Figure 35) is displayed, click in the Yes radio button,
click on Next and continue through the Wizard. After the Wizard is finished, theController/Camera tab card will be displayed with the Use PVCAM checkbox
selected. You should now be able to acquire data.

Figure 35. Hardware Wizard: PVCAM dialog

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Detector Temperature, Acquire, and Focus are Grayed Out(Versions 2.5.19.0 and Earlier)
These functions and others will be deactivated if you have installed a camera/detector
being run under USB 2.0 and have opened the WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32)
application software without having first turned on the ST-133. They will also be
deactivated if you have installed a camera/detector being run under USB 2.0 and a
Princeton Instruments (RSPI) high speed PCI card was also detected when RSConfig.exe
was run.
1. Check to see if the ST-133 is connected to the host computer and is turned on. If
it is not connected or is connected but not turned on, go to Step 2. If it isconnected and on, go to Step 3.
2. Close the WinX application software, verify that the ST-133 is connected to thehost computer, turn on the ST-133, and reopen the WinX application software.
The formerly grayed out functions should now be available.
3. If the ST-133 is connected and on, the USB 2.0 camera/detector may not belisted as Camera 1 in the PVCAM.INI file.
4. Run RSConfig.exe (accessible from the Windows|Start|Programs|PI Actonmenu). If the USB 2.0 camera/detector is listed as Camera 2 (Princeton Style(USB2) in Figure 36), you will have to edit the PVCAM.INI file.

Figure 36. RSConfig dialog: Two Camera Styles

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5. Using Notepad or a similar text editor, open PVCAM.INI, which is located in
the Windows directory (C:\Windows, for example).
If the contents of the file look like: Change the headings so the contents now look like:[Camera_1]
Type=1
Name=Camera1
Driver=rspipci.sys
Port=0[Camera_2]
Type=1
Name=Camera1
Driver=rspipci.sys
Port=0[Camera_2]
Type=1
Name=Camera2
Driver=apausb.sys
Port=0[Camera_1]
Type=1
Name=Camera2
Driver=apausb.sys
Port=0Note: The [Camera_#] must be changed so the camera/detector supported by the
USB interface will be recognized (the USB driver is "apausb.sys"). For
consistency, you may also want to change the camera names.
6. Save the file. With the ST-133 connected and on, open the WinX application
software. The formerly grayed out functions should now be available.

Error Creating Controller message
This message may be displayed if you are using the USB 2.0 interface and have not run
the RSConfig.exe program (see previous topic), if the PVCAM.INI file has beencorrupted, or if the ST-133 was not turned on before you started the WinX (WinSpec/32
or WinView/32) application software and began running the Hardware Wizard.

Figure 37. Error Creating Controller dialog

Error 129: Indicates that the problem is with the PVCAM.INI file. Close the WinX
application software, run RSConfig, make sure the ST-133 is on, reopen the WinX
application software, and begin running the Hardware Wizard.
Error 183: Indicates that the ST-133 is off. If you are running the Hardware Wizard
when this message appears, click on OK, turn on the ST-133, and, on the PVCAM
dialog, make sure Yes is selected and then click on Next. The Hardware Wizard
should continue to the Controller Type dialog.

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Error occurs at Computer Powerup
If an error occurs at boot up, either the Interface is not installed properly or there is anaddress or interrupt conflict. Turn off the computer, try a new address or interrupt andreinstall the card. Be sure the Interface card is firmly mounted in the slot.

Caution

Since interrupts and DMA channels cannot be shared, make sure no other boards in yourcomputer use this interrupt or these DMA channels.

Conflicts
One of the many advantages that PCI offers over ISA is that the whole issue of address andinterrupt assignments is user transparent and under BIOS control. As a result, users
typically do not have to be concerned about jumpers or switches when installing a PCI
card. Nothing more should be required than to plug in the card, make the connections, andoperate the system. As it turns out, however, in certain situations conflicts may neverthelessoccur and user intervention will be required to resolve them.
Typical PCI motherboards have both ISA and PCI slots and will have both PCI and ISA cards
installed. In the case of the ISA cards, the I/O address and Interrupt assignments will havebeen made by the user and the BIOS will not know which addresses and interrupts have beenuser assigned. When a PCI card is installed, the BIOS checks for available addresses andinterrupt levels and automatically assigns them so that there are no PCI address or interrupt
conflicts. However, because the BIOS doesn't know about the user-assigned ISA I/O address
and interrupt level assignments, it is possible that a PCI card will be assigned an address orinterrupt that is already assigned to an ISA card. If this happens, improper operation will
result. Specifically, the problems could range from erratic operation under specific conditions
to complete system failure. If such a conflict occurs, because the user has no control over the
PCI address and interrupt assignments, there will be no recourse but to examine the ISA
assignments and change them to values that do not conflict. Most (but by no means all) ISA
cards make provision for selecting alternative I/O addresses and interrupt levels so thatconflicts can be resolved. Software is available to help identify specific conflicts.
The following example may serve to illustrate the problem. Suppose you had a system with an
ISA network card, a PCI video card and an ISA sound card. Further, suppose that you werethen going to install a PCI Serial Buffer card. Before installing the PCI Serial card, the I/O
address and interrupt assignments for the installed cards might be as follows.
Slot Type

StatusI/O Address

Interrupt

1 (ISA)ISA Network Card200-21011

2 (PCI)PCI Video Card

FF00-FFFF

15

3 (ISA)ISA Sound Card

300-3049

4 (PCI)

Empty

N/A

N/A

Table 6. I/O Address & Interrupt Assignments
before Installing Serial Card

As shown, there are no conflicts, allowing the three peripheral cards to operate properly.
If the PCI Serial card were then installed, the BIOS would interrogate the PCI cards andmay reassign them new address and interrupt values as follows.

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Slot Type

StatusI/O Address(s)Interrupt

1 (ISA)ISA Network Card200-21011

2 (PCI)PCI Video Card

FE00-FEFF

11

3 (ISA)ISA Sound Card

300-3049

4 (PCI)

Princeton Instruments(RSPI) PCI Serial Card

FF80-FFFF

15

Table 7. I/O Address & Interrupt Assignment
after Installing Serial Card

As indicated, there is now an interrupt conflict between the ISA Network Card and the PCI
Video card (both cards have been assigned Interrupt 11), causing the computer to no longer
function normally. This does not mean that the PCI Serial card is defective because thecomputer stops functioning properly when the Serial card is installed. What it does mean isthat there is an interrupt conflict that can be resolved by changing the interrupt level on theconflicting Network card in this example. It is up to the user to consult the documentation for
any ISA cards to determine how to make the necessary change.
Note: Changing the order of the PCI cards, that is, plugging them into different slots,
could change the address and interrupt assignments and possibly resolve the conflict.
However, this would be a trial and error process with no guarantee of success.

Diagnostics Software
Many diagnostics programs, both shareware and commercial, are available to help
resolve conflicts. Most often, all that is required is a program that will read and report
the address and interrupt assignments for each PCI device in the computer. One suchprogram available from Princeton Instruments' Customer Support department is called
PCICHECK. When the program is run, it reports the address and interrupt assignments
for the first PCI device it finds. Each time the spacebar is pressed, it moves on to the next
one and reports the address and interrupt assignments for that one as well. In a few
moments, this information can be obtained for every PCI device in the computer. Note
that, although there are generally only three PCI slots, the number of PCI devices
reported may be larger because some PCI devices may be built onto the motherboard. A
good strategy for using the program would be to run it before installing the PCI Serialcard. Then run it again after installing the card and note any address or interrupt
assignments that may have changed. This will allow you to easily focus on the ones that
may be in conflict with address or interrupt assignments on ISA cards. It might be notedthat there are many programs, such as the MSD program supplied by Microsoft, that aredesigned to read and report address and interrupt assignments, including those on ISA
cards. Many users have had mixed results at best using these programs.

Operation
There are no operating considerations that are unique to the PCI Serial card. The card
can easily accept data as fast as any Princeton Instruments System now available cansend it. The incoming data is temporarily stored in the card’s memory, and thentransferred to the main computer memory when the card gains access to the bus. The PCI
bus arbitration scheme assures that, as long as every PCI card conforms to the PCI
guidelines, the on-board memory will never overflow.

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Unfortunately, there are some PCI peripheral cards that do not fully conform to the PCI
guidelines and that take control of the bus for longer periods than the PCI specification
allows. Certain video cards (particularly those that use the S3 video chip) are notorious
in this respect. Usually you will be able to recognize when memory overflow occurs
because the displayed video will assume a split-screen appearance and/or the message
Hardware Conflict will be displayed (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32). At the same time,
the LED on the upper edge of the PCI Serial card will light.
Users are thus advised not to take any actions that would worsen the possibility ofmemory overflow occurring when taking data. In that regard, avoid multitasking while
taking data. Specific operations to avoid include multitasking (pressing ALT TAB or
ALT ESC to start another program), or running a screensaver program.

No CCD Named in the Hardware Wizard:CCD dialog(Versions 2.5.19.0 and Earlier)Figure 38. Hardware Wizard: Detector/Camera/CCD dialog

If you have installed a USB 2.0 Interface Module in your ST-133, a blank field may bedisplayed in the Detector/Camera/CCD dialog (Figure 38) if the ST-133 controller was
made before January 2001. Earlier versions of the ST-133 did not contain non-volatile
RAM (NVRAM), which is programmed with information about the controller and thecamera/detector. PVCAM, the program under which the Princeton Instruments USB
works, retrieves the information stored in NVRAM so it can enter specificcamera/detector characteristics into the WinX (WinSpec/32 or WinView/32) application
software.
Check the serial label on underside of your controller. If the first five characters are
D1200 (December 2000) or earlier (J0797 or July 1997, for example), contact Customer
Support to find out about an NVRAM controller upgrade.

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83

Program Error message

Figure 39. Program Error dialog

This dialog may appear if you have tried to acquire a test image, acquire data, or run infocusing mode and the DMA buffer size is too small. A large array (for example, a2048x2048 array), requires a larger setting than that for a smaller array (for example, a
512x512 array).
To correct the problem:
1. Click on OK.
2. Reboot the WinX application software.
3. Note the array size (on the Setup|Hardware|Controller/CCD tab or theAcquisition|Experiment Setup|Main tab Full Chip dimensions). If yourcamera contains a large array (such as a 2048x2048 array), and the DMA buffer
size is too small, there will not be enough space in memory for the data set.
4. Open Setup|Environment|Environment dialog.
5. Increase the DMA buffer size to a minimum of 32 Mb (64 Mb if it is currently
32 Mb or 128 Mb if it is currently 64 Mb), click on OK, and close the WinX
application software.
6. Reboot your computer.
7. Restart the WinX application software and begin acquiring data or focusing. If
you see the message again, increase the DMA buffer size.

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Removing/Installing a Plug-In Module
The ST-133 Controller has three plug-in slots. The Analog/Control module (leftmost slot
when the controller is viewed from the rear) and the Interface Control module (either a
TAXI or a USB 2.0 compatible module in the middle slot) are always provided. The
third slot, however, is covered with a blank panel unless a PTG module has been
installed in the ST-133.
If a module is ever removed for any reason, internal settings should not be disturbed.
Changing a setting could radically alter the controller’s performance. Restoring normal
operation again without proper equipment and guidance would be very difficult, and it
might be necessary to return the unit to the factory for recalibration.

WARNINGS!

1. Always turn the Controller OFF before removing or installing a module. If a
module is removed or installed when the controller is powered, permanentequipment damage could occur which would not be covered by the warranty.
2. Before handling any boards, take precautions to prevent electrostatic discharge(ESD). The modules are susceptible to ESD damage. Damage caused by
improper handling is not covered by the Warranty.

Figure 40. Module Installation

To Remove a Module:
1. Verify that the Controller has been turned OFF.
2. Rotate the two locking screws (one at the top of the module and one at the bottom)
counterclockwise until they release from the chassis.
3. Then, grasp the module and pull it straight out.
4. Set the module aside in a safe place. If you are replacing it with another module, as
in the case of exchanging a TAXI module with a USB 2.0 module, you may be able
to use the packaging from the new module to store the module being replaced. This
packaging is usually an antistatic bag that will protect the module components fromelectrostatic discharge.
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To Install a Module:
Installing a module is a bit more complex because you first have to be sure the locking
screws are aligned correctly. The following procedure is suggested.
1. Verify that the Controller has been turned OFF.
2. Remove the replacement module from its antistatic packaging. This packaging isdesigned to protect the module components from electrostatic discharge.
3. Rotate the two locking screws counterclockwise until the threads on the screws
engage those of the module panel. See Figure 40. By doing this, the screws will
be perfectly perpendicular to the module panel and will align perfectly when themodule is inserted.
4. Insert the module so that the top and bottom edges of the board are riding in theproper guides.
5. Gently but firmly push the module in until the 64-pin DIN connector at the backof the module mates with the corresponding connector on the backplane, leaving
the module panel resting against the controller back panel.
6. Rotate the two locking screws clockwise. As the screws are rotated, they will
first disengage from the module panel threads, and then begin to engage those of
the bracket behind the controller panel.

WARNING! Tighten the screws to where they are just snug. Do not tighten them any further because
you could easily bend the mating bracket.

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Securing the Detector-Controller Cable Slide Latch
Some Princeton Instruments Detector-Controller cables use a slide latch to secure theDetector-Controller cable to the DETECTOR connector on the back of the ST-133.
Incorrectly plugging this cable into the connector and improperly securing the slide latch
may prevent communication with the Spec-10 (the detector may appear to stop working).
1. Before trying to plug in the cable, slide the latch up (toward Pin 1). Then, plug thecable into the DETECTOR connector on the ST-133.

2. Slide the latch down. You may hear a click when the latch locks.

3. Verify that the connector is fully secured.
If you are having trouble sliding the latch, slightly pull the connector out and then slide
the latch into its locked position.

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87

Serial violations have occurred. Check interface cable.

Figure 41. Serial Violations Have Occurred dialog

This error message dialog will appear if you try to acquire an image or focus the cameraand either (or both) of the following conditions exists:The camera system is not turned ON.

There is no communication between the camera and the host computer.

To correct the problem:
1. Turn OFF the camera system (if it is not already OFF).
2. Make sure the Detector-Controller cable is secured at both ends and that thecomputer interface cable is secured at both ends.
3. After making sure that the cables are connected, turn the camera system powerON.
4. Click OK on the error message dialog and retry acquiring an image or running infocus mode.
Note: This error message will also be displayed if you turn the camera system OFF or acable comes loose while the application software is running in Focus mode.

Vignetting
All arrays have been tested for uniformity and do not exhibit any vignetting (reduction of
response) at the extreme ends of the array. If you do measure such reduction in response
across the array, it may be the result of one or more of the following conditions:Condensation of water on the edges of the array window has occurred. This should
not happen unless the cooling/pumping instructions, previously mentioned, were notfollowed or if the Dewar has sprung a leak (a rare situation).



The arrays are held with a special mask that has been designed to minimize
reflection and stray light. These masks were designed to allow light rays to enter
through the Dewar window even at very wide angles (> f/1.5). If vignetting isobserved, it is possible that your experiment exceeds these angular constraints.
Princeton Instruments measures the array response with a collimated uniform lightsource to prevent such false bias results.

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Appendix A
Specifications
The specifications supplied in this manual are subject to change without notification. For
up-to-date information about OMA-V detectors, refer to the data sheets available from
Princeton Instruments at www.princetoninstruments.com or contact a Princeton
Instruments Customer Representative. See page 124 for contact information.

Photodiode ArrayOMA V:512-1.7 LN
PDA Format: Linear InGaAs photodiode array, 512 x 1 (50 x 500 μm pixels) with
25 mm spectral coverage
Cryogenic Cooling: Cools array from -50 to -100˚C
Sensitivity: Response from 0.8 μm to 1.7 μm, peak QE >80%
Software-selectable Amplifiers: Select for high sensitivity or high dynamic range
Spectral Data Rate: 1800 spectra/second with 1 MHz digitization
Spectrometric Well Capacity (Typical): 120 Me- (low gain), 4.5 Me- (high gain)
Integration Time: 20 μs to many minutes
Dark Signal (Typical): 15 ke-/pixel/sec (low gain); 26 ke-/pixel/sec (high gain). Dark
signal includes the array's dark current at -100˚C and ambient background at +25˚C.

OMA V:512-1.7 TE
PDA Format: Linear InGaAs photodiode array, 512 x 1 (50 x 500 μm pixels) with
25 mm spectral coverage
Thermoelectric Cooling: Cools array from +20 to -50˚CSensitivity: Response from 0.8 μm to 1.7 μm, peak QE >80%
Software-selectable Amplifiers: Select for high sensitivity or high dynamic range
Spectral Data Rate: 1800 spectra/second with 1 MHz digitization
Spectrometric Well Capacity (Typical): 120 Me- (low gain), 4.5 Me- (high gain)
Integration Time: 20 μs to many minutes
Dark Signal (Typical): 20 ke-/pixel/sec (low gain); 35 ke-/pixel/sec (high gain). Dark
signal includes the array's dark current at -50˚C and ambient background at +25˚C.

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OMA V:1024-1.7 LN
PDA Format: Linear InGaAs photodiode array, 1024 x 1 (25 x 500 μm pixels) with
25 mm spectral coverage
Cryogenic Cooling: Cools array from -50 to -100˚C
Sensitivity: Response from 0.8 μm to 1.7 μm, peak QE >80%
Software-selectable Amplifiers: Select for high sensitivity or high dynamic range
Spectral Data Rate: 900 spectra/second with 1 MHz digitization
Spectrometric Well Capacity (Typical): 120 Me- (low gain), 4.5 Me- (high gain)
Integration Time: 20 μs to many minutes
Dark Signal (Typical): 15 ke-/pixel/sec (low gain); 20 ke-/pixel/sec (high gain). Dark
signal includes the array's dark current at -100˚C and ambient background at +25˚C.

OMA V:1024-2.2 LN
PDA Format: Linear InGaAs photodiode array, 1024 x 1 (25 x 250 μm pixels) with
25 mm spectral coverage
Cryogenic Cooling: Cools array from -50 to -100˚C
Sensitivity: Response from 1.0 μm to 2.2 μm, peak QE >65%
Software-selectable Amplifiers: Select for high sensitivity or high dynamic range
Spectral Data Rate: 900 spectra/second with 1 MHz digitization
Spectrometric Well Capacity (Typical): 120 Me- (low gain), 4.5 Me- (high gain)
Integration Time: 20 μs to ~ 1 minute
Dark Signal (Typical): 4.2 Me-/pixel/sec (low gain); 3.7 Me-/pixel/sec (high gain).
Dark signal includes the array's dark current at -100˚C and ambient background at+25˚C.

2-D OMA V:320-1.7 LN
PDA Format: two-dimensional InGaAs photodiode array, 320 x 256 (30 x 30 μm pixels)
with .8-1.7 μm spectral coverage
Window Material: Sapphire
Cryogenic Cooling: Cools array from -50 to -100˚C
Sensitivity: Response from .8 μm to 1.7 μm, peak QE >80%
Software-selectable Amplifiers: Select for high sensitivity or high dynamic range
Spectral Data Rate: 53 frames/second with 5 MHz digitization
Spectrometric Well Capacity (Typical): 2.5 Me- (low gain), 65 ke- (high gain)
Integration Time: 1 μs to minutes
Dark Signal (Typical): 5000 e-/pixel/sec

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Specifications

91

Detector
Cooling: Cryogenic or Thermoelectric cooling with full software control-50 to -100˚C (cryogenic)
ambient to <-45˚C (thermoelectric)
Dewar Capacity (LN): 1.7 liters
Coolant Circulation (TE): 50:50 mixture of ethylene glycol and water for proper
operation. Recommended flow rate and fluid pressure are: > 1 liter/minute at 25 psig
(maximum).
Spectroscopy Mount: Standard mount integrates with Acton SpectraPro spectrographs
or third party spectrographs . Other mounts are available from Princeton Instruments.
Focal Distance: Refer to the outline drawings in Appendix B.
Read Noise (Typical):OMA V:512-1.7 LN: 520 e- rms (high gain); 5000 e- rms (low gain)
OMA V:1024-1.7 LN: 520 e- rms (high gain); 5000 e- rms (low gain)
OMA V:1024-2.2 LN: 520 e- rms (high gain); 5000 e- rms (low gain)
OMA V:512-1.7 TE:

650 e- rms (high gain); 7000 e- rms (low gain)

2-D OMA V:320-1.7 LN: 50 e- rms (high gain); 1500 e- rms (low gain)
Detector Control: ST-133 with high-speed serial interface via Princeton Instruments(RSPI) PCI card
Nominal Gain (Typical): Varies by detector
Dynamic Range: 16 bits
Thermostating Precision: ± 0.05˚C over entire temperature range
Scan Rate: 1 MHz for OMA V:512 and OMA V:1024 detectors; 5 MHz/1MHz for 2-D
OMA V detectors

Controller
Controller Type: ST-133
Dimensions: See Appendix B
Controller Weight:
ST-133A: 13 lb (5.9 kg)
ST-133B: 12.5 lb (5.7 kg)
Inputs:EXT SYNC: TTL input (BNC) to allow data acquisition to be synchronized withexternal events. Sense can be positive or negative going as set in software.
Synchronization and Trigger Modes are discussed in Chapter 6.
Outputs:
AUX : Reserved for future use.
: TTL output (BNC) for monitoring detector status. Logic output is softwareselectable as either NOT SCAN or SHUTTER. When the logic output is NOT91

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SCAN, it is at a TTL low when the array is being read; otherwise high. When the
logic output is SHUTTER, the output precisely brackets shutter-open time
(exclusive of shutter compensation) and can be used to control an external
shutter or to inhibit a pulser or timing generator. Default selection is SHUTTER.
: TTL output (BNC); marks start of first exposure. When run is initiated,remains high until completion of cleaning cycles preceding first exposure, thengoes low and remains low for duration of run.
SERIAL COM: TAXI protocol. Data link to computer via proprietary cableconnected to this 9-pin “D” connector. Cable lengths to 165 feet (50 m)
available. An optional fiber optic link is available to extend the distance to~3300 feet (1 km).
USB 2.0: USB 2.0 protocol. Data link to computer via USB cable inserted at thisconnector. Cable length of 5 meters is standard. Other lengths may be available.
Contact Customer Service for more information.
TTL In/Out: male, D-subminiature 25-pin connector; 8 TTL inputs; 8 TTL outputs
TTL Input: external sync
TTL Output: (ready) frame start; (scan) shutter/readout status
TTL Requirements: Rise time  40 nsec, Duration  100 nsec.
AUX BNC connector: Not currently activated. Reserved for future use
Power Input: Nominally 100, 120, 220 or 240 VAC. Refer to the Fuse/Voltage label on
the back of the controller for details. Required DC voltages are generated in thecontroller. Power to detector is supplied via controller cable.
Power Consumption: Refer to the back of the controller.

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Appendix B
Outline Drawings
Note: Dimensions are in inches unless otherwise indicated.

Liquid Nitrogen-Cooled Detector (Linear PDA)

Figure 42. OMA V:InGaAs, LN-Cooled Detector (Design phased in on or about June 2006)

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Figure 43. OMA V:InGaAs, LN-Cooled Detector (Design phased out on or about June 2006)94

Appendix B

Outline Drawings

95

Liquid Nitrogen-Cooled Detector (2-D OMA FPA)

Figure 44. OMA V:InGaAs, 2-D LN-Cooled Detector, C-Mount

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Figure 45. OMA V:InGaAs, 2-D LN-Cooled Detector, F-Mount (Nikon)

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Outline Drawings

97

Figure 46. OMA V:InGaAs, 2-D LN-Cooled Detector, Spectroscopy-Mount

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Thermoelectrically-Cooled Detector

Figure 47. OMA V:InGaAs, NTE Side View

Figure 48. OMA V: InGaAs, NTE Front and Back Views

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Outline Drawings

99

ST-133A Controller

Figure 49. ST-133A Controller Dimensions

ST-133B Controller

Figure 50. ST-133B Controller Dimensions

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Appendix C
Mercury-Argon Pen Lamp Spectrum

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Appendix D
Spectrometer Adapters
Princeton Instruments offers a variety of spectrometer adapters for OMA V: InGaAs
systems. The mounting instructions for these adapters are organized by spectrometermodel, detector type, and adapter kit number. The table below cross-references these
items with the page number for the appropriate instruction set.
Spectrometer

Detector Type

Adapter Kit No.

Page

Acton

LN & TE

104

Chromex 250 IS

LN & TE

7050-0090

105

ISA HR 320

LN & TE

7050-0010

106

ISA HR 640

LN & TE

7050-0034

107

JY TRIAX-OMA

LN

7050-0092

108

JY TRIAX familyTE7384-0072

109

SPEX 270M

LN & TE

7050-0041

110

SPEX 500M

LN & TE

7050-0038

111

SPEX TripleMate

LN & TE

7050-0007

112

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Acton (LN & TE)

1.

Qty

P/N

3

2826-0120

Description
Screw, 10-32  1/2, Hex Head, Stainless Steel

Assembly Instructions
1. Make sure that the shipping cover has been removed from the detector port on the
spectrometer.
2. Loosen the setscrews holding the Acton adapter in the spectrometer and remove theadapter. If the spacer plate has been removed, reinstall it on the adapter.
3. Leaving 1/4" of thread exposed, mount the three (3) hex head screws to the adapter.
4. Mount the adapter to the detector flange and rotate the adapter so the screw heads
are over the narrow end of the slots.
5. Tighten the screws.
6. Gently insert the adapter into the spectrometer and fasten with the setscrews.
Note: Adapter parts are machined to provide a tight fit. It is necessary to rotate the detector
back and forth when inserting into the spectrometer adapter. Do not force the two parts of theadapter together, as they can be permanently damaged by excessive force.

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Appendix D

Spectrometer Adapters

105

Chromex 250 IS (LN & TE)

Qty

P/N

Description

1.

12517-0901

Plate, Adapter-Female

2.

42826-0283

Screw, 10-32  3/4, Socket Head, Stainless Steel, Hex, Black3.

12518-0227

Adapter-Male, ICCD Diode Array

4.

32826-0120

Screw, 10-32  1/2, Hex Head, Stainless Steel

5.

12826-0082

Set Screw, 10-32  1/4, Stainless Steel, Allen Hex, Nylon Tip

Assembly Instructions
1. Attach part 1 to the spectrometer wall (dashed line in illustration) with the socket
head screws provided.
2. Leaving 1/4" of thread exposed, mount the three (3) hex head screws to part 3.
3. Mount the adapter to the detector flange and rotate the adapter so the screw heads
are over the narrow end of the slots.
4. Tighten the screws.
5. Gently insert part 3 into part 1 and fasten with the setscrew.
Note: Adapter parts are machined to provide a tight fit. It is necessary to rotate the detector
back and forth when inserting into the spectrometer adapter. Do not force the two parts of theadapter together, as they can be permanently damaged by excessive force.

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ISA HR 320 (LN & TE)

Qty

P/N

Description

1.

12518-0044

Flange-Female, Mechanical, ISA, HR3202.

32826-0053

Screw, 10-32  7/16, Socket Head Cap Hex, Stainless Steel

3.

12518-0045

Flange-Male, Detector Mate

4.

32826-0120

Screw, 10-32  1/2, Hex Head, Stainless Steel

5.

12826-0082

Set Screw, 10-32  1/4, Stainless Steel, Allen Hex, Nylon Tip

Assembly Instructions
1. Attach part 1 to the spectrometer wall (dashed line in illustration) with the socket
head screws provided.
2. Leaving 1/4" of thread exposed, mount the three (3) hex head screws to part 3.
3. Mount the adapter to the detector flange and rotate the adapter so the screw heads
are over the narrow end of the slots.
4. Tighten the screws.
5. Gently insert part 3 into part 1 and fasten with the setscrew.
Note: Adapter parts are machined to provide a tight fit. It is necessary to rotate the detector
back and forth when inserting into the spectrometer adapter. Do not force the two parts of theadapter together, as they can be permanently damaged by excessive force.

106Appendix D

Spectrometer Adapters107

ISA HR 640 (LN & TE)

Qty

P/N

Description

1.

12518-0203

Adapter-F, HR-640

2.

42826-0144

Screw, M4x.7x14 mm, Socket Head, Hex, Stainless Steel

3.

12518-0227

Adapter-Male, ICCD Diode Array

4.

32826-0120

Screw, 10-32  1/2, Hex Head, Stainless Steel

5.

22826-0082

Set Screw, 10-32  1/4, Stainless Steel, Allen Hex, Nylon Tip

Assembly Instructions
1. Attach part 1 to the spectrometer wall (dashed line in illustration) with the socket
head screws provided.
2. Leaving 1/4" of thread exposed, mount the three (3) hex head screws to part 3.
3. Mount the adapter to the detector flange and rotate the adapter so the screw heads
are over the narrow end of the slots.
4. Tighten the screws.
5. Gently insert part 3 into part 1 and fasten with the setscrews.
Note: Adapter parts are machined to provide a tight fit. It is necessary to rotate the detector
back and forth when inserting into the spectrometer adapter. Do not force the two parts of theadapter together, as they can be permanently damaged by excessive force.

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JY TRIAX-OMA (LN)

Qty

P/N

Description

1.

12518-0962

Adapter-Male, Triax, TE & LN

2.

32826-0249

Screw, 10-32  5/8, Flat Head Slot, Stainless Steel

3.

3

2827-0010

Nut, 10-32, Hex, Stainless Steel

Assembly Instructions
1. Mount part 1 to the detector flange using the flat head screws and nuts provided.
2. Leave enough exposed screw thread so you can rotate the adapter until the nuts areover the narrow end of the slots.
3. Tighten the screws.
Note: Adapter parts are machined to provide a tight fit. It may be necessary to rotate
the detector back and forth when inserting into the spectrometer adapter.

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Appendix D

Spectrometer Adapters

109

JY TRIAX family (TE)

Qty

P/N

Description

1.

12518-1000

Adapter, TRIAX, TE, 7377, 7376, 7413

2.

42826-0191

Screw, 10-32  5/8, Socket Head, Stainless Steel, Hex, Black

Typically, the adapter is shipped already mounted to the detector. The following
procedure is provided in case you have ordered a JY TRIAX adapter for a shutterless
OMA V TE detector that you already own.
Assembly Instructions
1. While supporting the flange, remove the four (4) of the socket head screws from thefront of the detector (see illustration above) and store these screws.
2. Using the four (4) screws provided with the adapter kit, mount part 1 to the front of
the detector.
3. Remove the spectrometer cover.
4. Insert part 1 into the spectrometer and fasten it in place with the spectrometer
setscrew.
5. Replace the spectrometer cover.
Note: Adapter parts are machined to provide a tight fit. It may be necessary to rotate thedetector back and forth when inserting into the spectrometer adapter.

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SPEX 270M (LN & TE)

Qty

P/N

Description

1.

12518-0691

Female Adapter Plate, 2.400 ID

2.

62826-0068

Screw, 6-32  3/8. Socket Head, Hex, Stainless Steel

3.

12518-0690

Adapter Male, Focusing, Male, Spec 270

4.

32826-0120

Screw, 10-32  1/2, Hex Head, Stainless Steel

5.

22826-0019

Set Screw 8-32  3/16, Hex, Nylon Tip

Assembly Instructions
1. Attach part 1 to the spectrometer wall (dashed line in illustration) with the socket
head screws provided.
2. Leaving 1/4" of thread exposed, mount the three (3) hex head screws to part 3.
3. Mount the adapter to the detector flange and rotate the adapter so the screw heads
are over the narrow end of the slots.
4. Tighten the screws.
5. Gently insert part 3 into part 1 and fasten with the setscrews.
Note: Adapter parts are machined to provide a tight fit. It is necessary to rotate the detector
back and forth when inserting into the spectrometer adapter. Do not force the two parts of theadapter together, as they can be permanently damaged by excessive force.

110Appendix D

Spectrometer Adapters

111

SPEX 500M (LN & TE)

Qty

P/N

Description

1.

12517-0214

Adapter-Female, Spex 500M

2.

82826-0170

Screw, 1/4-20  0.5L, Low Socket Head Cap

3.

12518-0291

Adapter Male, Spex 500M

4.

32827-0010

10-32 Nut, Stainless Steel

5.

32826-0120

Screw, 10-32  1/2, Hex Head, Stainless Steel

6.

22826-0055

Set Screw 8-32  1/4, Allen Hex, Nylon Tip

Assembly Instructions
1. Attach part 1 to the spectrometer wall (dashed line in illustration) with the socket
head screws provided.
2. Leaving 1/4" of thread exposed, mount the three (3) hex head screws and nuts topart 3.
3. Mount the adapter to the detector flange and rotate the adapter so the screw heads
are over the narrow end of the slots.
4. Tighten the screws.
5. Gently insert part 3 into part 1 and fasten with the setscrews.
Note: Adapter parts are machined to provide a tight fit. It is necessary to rotate the detector
back and forth when inserting into the spectrometer adapter. Do not force the two parts of theadapter together, as they can be permanently damaged by excessive force.

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SPEX TripleMate (LN & TE)

Qty

P/N

Description

1.

12518-0183

Adapter-Male, ICCD/For Spex TripleMate

2.

42826-0128

Screw, 10-32  5/8, Socket Head Cap, Stainless Steel

3.

12517-0163

Slit Mount, Spex

4.

42826-0129

Screw, 1/4-20  3/4, Socket Head Cap, Stainless Steel

5.

32826-0120

Screw, 10-32  1/2, Hex Head, Stainless Steel

6.

12518-0185

Adapter-Female, Flange Spex

7.

22826-0070

Set Screw, 6-32  3/16, Stainless Steel, Allen Hex

1

2500-0025

O-ring, 2.359x.139, Viton (installed)

12500-0026

O-ring, 2.484x.139, Viton (installed)

Assembly Instructions
1. Mount the whole assembly onto the spectrometer (dashed line in illustration).
2. Leaving 1/4" of thread exposed, mount the three (3) hex head screws to part 1.
3. Mount the adapter to the detector flange and rotate the adapter so the screw heads
are over the narrow end of the slots.
4. Tighten the setscrews.
5. Tighten the hex head screws.
Note: Adapter parts are machined to provide a tight fit. It is necessary to rotate the detector
back and forth when inserting into the spectrometer adapter. Do not force the two parts of theadapter together, as they can be permanently damaged by excessive force.
112Appendix E
USB 2.0 Limitations
The following information covers the currently known limitations associated with
operating under the USB 2.0 interface.
Maximum cable length is 5 meters (16.4 feet)

1 MHz is currently the upper digitization rate limit for the ST-133 Controller.



Large data sets and/or long acquisition times may be subject to data overrun
because of host computer interrupts during data acquisition.

USB 2.0 is not supported by the Princeton Instruments PC Interface Library(EZ-DLLS).



Some WinSpec and WinView 2.5.X features are not fully supported withUSB 2.0. See the table below.

FeatureSupported with USB 2.0 in
WinX 2.5.X

Supported in
WinX 2.7

NO

YES

Kinetics

YES

YES

Reset Camera to NVRAM
Defaults

NO

YES

Temperature Lock Status

YES

YES

PTG

YES

YES

Virtual Chip

NO

YES

Custom Timing

NO

YES

WinX 2.5.18.1

Custom Chip

NO

YES

WinX 2.5.18.1

Frames per Interrupt

NO

NO

RS170 (Video Output)

NO

YES

Online Exposure

NO

YES

File Information

YES

YES

Demo Port Capability

Remarks

DIF
WinX 2.5.18.1

WinX 2.5.x doesn’t utilize
hardware lock status

Not all header info iscurrently available in
WinX 2.5.x through
PVCAM

Table 8. Feature Support under USB 2.0 (continued on next page)

113

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OMA V:InGaAs System Manual
FeatureSupported with USB 2.0 in
WinX 2.5.X

Supported in
WinX 2.7

Overlapping ROIsNO

NO

Macro Record

YES

YES

TTL I/ONO

YES

Table 8. Feature Support under USB 2.0

114

Version 4.F
Remarks

Macros recorded for nonPVCAM cameras may
have to be re-recorded tofunction

Appendix F
Adapter and Lens Focusing Procedures
F-Mount Adapter Focusing Procedure
Note: This procedure sets the focus for the F-mount adapter, not the lens. Once set, it
should not need to be disturbed again.
1. Insert the F-mount lens into the F-mount adapter on the front of the detector.
2. The F-mount adapter is in two sections: the adapter body (into which the lens ismounted) and the adapter adjustment ring that is secured to the front of the detector.
Try rotating the adapter body. If it doesn’t rotate, you will have to loosen the
securing setscrew(s) in the side of the adapter adjustment ring. To change the focus
setting, proceed as follows.


Loosen the setscrew(s) with a 0.050 hex
key*. Do not remove the screw(s); loosen justenough to allow the adapter body to be
adjusted.



Set the lens focus adjustment to the target
distance.

3. Block off the lens and set it to the smallest
possible aperture (largest F-stop number).
4. Mount a suitable target at a known distance infront of the lens. Typically, a photo resolution
chart is used. However, even a page of small print
will generally serve quite well for this purpose.

Figure 51. F-mount Adjustment

5. Verify that all cables and connectors are secured.
6. Turn on the system and start the WinView/32 software.
7. Set the software to the FreeRun and Fast modes (consult the software manual if
you are unfamiliar with these modes). Choose a fast exposure (.1 msec) and begin
data collection by selecting Focus.
8. Slowly uncover the lens. If the image becomes washed out, recover the lens, choosea shorter exposure, and uncover the lens again. If it is too dark, choose a longer
exposure.
9. Double check to be sure the lens focus is set to the target distance and readjust if
necessary.
*

The screws are #4-40 setscrews. A 0.050 hex key is required to loosen or tighten them.

115

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10. Taking care not to disturb the lens focus, rotate the adapter body for maximum
sharpness in the observed image and tighten the setscrews to secure the adapter
body's position.
This completes the procedure for adjusting the F-mount adapter. It should not benecessary to disturb the adjustment again. In actual measurements with real subjects, thefocusing will be done entirely with the lens focus adjustment. Microscope adapters
follow a similar procedure except, in this case, the front part of the lens mount should
not need adjustment.

Lens Focusing Procedure
Except for the lens mount focus procedure that applies to F-mount lenses as describedabove, there is no difference between focusing considerations for an F-mount lens and a
C-mount lens. Simply use the focusing ring on the lens to produce the sharpest image atfull aperture. Then stop the lens down to its sharpest aperture (probably at a mid-range
aperture setting) and adjust the Exposure Time for the best possible image as observed at
the monitor.

116

Declarations of Conformity
This section of the OMA V manual contains the declarations of conformity for OMA V
systems. OMA V systems encompass LN-cooled and NTE-cooled detector heads andtheir associated controllers.

117

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
We,

ROPER SCIENTIFIC(PRINCETON INSTRUMENTS)

3660 QUAKERBRIDGE ROAD
TRENTON, NJ 08619,
Declare under our sole responsibility that the productST-133 CONTROLLER with
InGaAs CAMERA HEAD,
To which this declaration relates, is in conformity with general safety requirement for electricalequipment standards:

IEC 1010-1:1990, EN 61010-1:1993/A2:1995
EN 55011 for Group 1, Class A, 1991,
EN 61326-1, 1997-03 (EN 61000-4-2, EN 61000-4-3, EN 61000-4-4,
EN 61000-4-5, EN 61000-4-6, EN 61000-4-11)
Which follow the provisions of the

CE LOW VOLTAGE DIRECTIVE 73/23/EEC
And
EMC DIRECTIVE 89/336/EEC.

Date: August 6, 1999
TRENTON, NJ

118(SAM KHOO)
Vice President, Engineering

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
We,

ROPER SCIENTIFIC(PRINCETON INSTRUMENTS)

3660 QUAKERBRIDGE ROAD
TRENTON, NJ 08619,
Declare under our sole responsibility that the productST-133 CONTROLLER with
InGaAs NTE CAMERA HEAD,
To which this declaration relates, is in conformity with general safety requirement for electricalequipment standards:

IEC 1010-1:1990, EN 61010-1:1993/A2:1995
EN 55011 for Group 1, Class A, 1991,
EN50082-1, 1991 (EN 61000-4-2, EN 61000-4-3, EN 61000-4-4),

Which follow the provisions of the

CE LOW VOLTAGE DIRECTIVE 73/23/EEC
And
EMC DIRECTIVE 89/336/EEC.

Date: January 23, 2003
TRENTON, NJ(PAUL HEAVENER)
Engineering Manager

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
We,

ROPER SCIENTIFIC(PRINCETON INSTRUMENTS)

3660 QUAKERBRIDGE ROAD
TRENTON, NJ 08619,
Declare under our sole responsibility that the productST-133 16-bit 5 MHz CONTROLLER with
2-D InGaAs CAMERA HEAD,
To which this declaration relates, is in conformity with general safety requirement for electricalequipment standards:

IEC 1010-1:1990, EN 61010-1:1993/A2:1995,
EN 61326 for Class A, 1997/A1:1998/A2:2000,(EN 61000-4-2, EN 61000-4-3, EN 61000-4-4, EN 61000-4-5,
EN 61000-4-6, EN 61000-4-11), EN 61000-3-2:2000, andEN 61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001,
Which follow the provisions of the

CE LOW VOLTAGE DIRECTIVE 73/23/EEC
And
EMC DIRECTIVE 89/336/EEC(Amending Directive 93/68/EEC, et al (CE Marking)).

Date: June 29, 2005
TRENTON, NJ(William E. Asher)
Vice President of New Product Development120

Warranty & Service
Limited Warranty
Princeton Instruments, a division of Roper Scientific, Inc. ("Princeton Instruments", "us","we", "our") makes the following limited warranties. These limited warranties extend tothe original purchaser ("You", "you") only and no other purchaser or transferee. We
have complete control over all warranties and may alter or terminate any or all
warranties at any time we deem necessary.

Basic Limited One (1) Year Warranty
Princeton Instruments warrants this product against substantial defects in materials and /or workmanship for a period of up to one (1) year after shipment. During this period,
Princeton Instruments will repair the product or, at its sole option, repair or replace any
defective part without charge to you. You must deliver the entire product to the Princeton
Instruments factory or, at our option, to a factory-authorized service center. You areresponsible for the shipping costs to return the product. International customers should
contact their local Princeton Instruments authorized representative/distributor for repair
information and assistance, or visit our technical support page atwww.princetoninstruments.com.

Limited One (1) Year Warranty on Refurbished or Discontinued
Products
Princeton Instruments warrants, with the exception of the CCD imaging device (which
carries NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED), this product against defects inmaterials or workmanship for a period of up to one (1) year after shipment. During thisperiod, Princeton Instruments will repair or replace, at its sole option, any defective
parts, without charge to you. You must deliver the entire product to the Princeton
Instruments factory or, at our option, a factory-authorized service center. You areresponsible for the shipping costs to return the product to Princeton Instruments.
International customers should contact their local Princeton Instruments
representative/distributor for repair information and assistance or visit our technicalsupport page at www.princetoninstruments.com.

XP Vacuum Chamber Limited Lifetime Warranty
Princeton Instruments warrants that the cooling performance of the system will meet our
specifications over the lifetime of an XP style detector (has all metal seals) or Princeton
Instruments will, at its sole option, repair or replace any vacuum chamber components
necessary to restore the cooling performance back to the original specifications at no costto the original purchaser. Any failure to "cool to spec" beyond our Basic (1) year limited
warranty from date of shipment, due to a non-vacuum-related component failure (e.g.,
any components that are electrical/electronic) is NOT covered and carries NO
WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. Responsibility for shipping charges is as
described above under our Basic Limited One (1) Year Warranty.

121

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Sealed Chamber Integrity Limited 12 Month Warranty
Princeton Instruments warrants the sealed chamber integrity of all our products for aperiod of twelve (12) months after shipment. If, at anytime within twelve (12) months
from the date of delivery, the detector should experience a sealed chamber failure, allparts and labor needed to restore the chamber seal will be covered by us. Open chamber
products carry NO WARRANTY TO THE CCD IMAGING DEVICE, EXPRESSED ORIMPLIED. Responsibility for shipping charges is as described above under our Basic
Limited One (1) Year Warranty.

Vacuum Integrity Limited 12 Month Warranty
Princeton Instruments warrants the vacuum integrity of “Non-XP” style detectors (do nothave all metal seals) for a period of up to twelve (12) months from the date of shipment.
We warrant that the detector head will maintain the factory-set operating temperature
without the requirement for customer pumping. Should the detector experience a
Vacuum Integrity failure at anytime within twelve (12) months from the date of delivery
all parts and labor needed to restore the vacuum integrity will be covered by us.
Responsibility for shipping charges is as described above under our Basic Limited One(1) Year Warranty.

Image Intensifier Detector Limited One Year Warranty
All image intensifier products are inherently susceptible to Phosphor and/or
Photocathode burn (physical damage) when exposed to high intensity light. Princeton
Instruments warrants, with the exception of image intensifier products that are found tohave Phosphor and/or Photocathode burn damage (which carry NO WARRANTIESEXPRESSED OR IMPLIED), all image intensifier products for a period of one (1) year
after shipment. See additional Limited One (1) year Warranty terms and conditions
above, which apply to this warranty. Responsibility for shipping charges is as describedabove under our Basic Limited One (1) Year Warranty.

X-Ray Detector Limited One Year Warranty
Princeton Instruments warrants, with the exception of CCD imaging device and fiber
optic assembly damage due to X-rays (which carry NO WARRANTIES EXPRESSEDOR IMPLIED), all X-ray products for one (1) year after shipment. See additional Basic
Limited One (1) year Warranty terms and conditions above, which apply to thiswarranty. Responsibility for shipping charges is as described above under our Basic
Limited One (1) Year Warranty.

Software Limited Warranty
Princeton Instruments warrants all of our manufactured software discs to be free fromsubstantial defects in materials and / or workmanship under normal use for a period ofone (1) year from shipment. Princeton Instruments does not warrant that the function of
the software will meet your requirements or that operation will be uninterrupted or error
free. You assume responsibility for selecting the software to achieve your intended
results and for the use and results obtained from the software. In addition, during the one(1) year limited warranty. The original purchaser is entitled to receive free version
upgrades. Version upgrades supplied free of charge will be in the form of a downloadfrom the Internet. Those customers who do not have access to the Internet may obtain theversion upgrades on a CD-ROM from our factory for an incidental shipping and handling122

Warranty & Service

123

charge. See Item 12 in the following section of this warranty ("Your Responsibility") for
more information.

Owner's Manual and Troubleshooting
You should read the owner’s manual thoroughly before operating this product. In theunlikely event that you should encounter difficulty operating this product, the owner’s
manual should be consulted before contacting the Princeton Instruments technicalsupport staff or authorized service representative for assistance. If you have consulted
the owner's manual and the problem still persists, please contact the Princeton
Instruments technical support staff or our authorized service representative. See Item 12in the following section of this warranty ("Your Responsibility") for more information.

Your Responsibility
The above Limited Warranties are subject to the following terms and conditions:
1. You must retain your bill of sale (invoice) and present it upon request for service
and repairs or provide other proof of purchase satisfactory to Princeton
Instruments.
2. You must notify the Princeton Instruments factory service center within (30)days after you have taken delivery of a product or part that you believe to be
defective. With the exception of customers who claim a "technical issue" withthe operation of the product or part, all invoices must be paid in full inaccordance with the terms of sale. Failure to pay invoices when due may resultin the interruption and/or cancellation of your one (1) year limited warranty
and/or any other warranty, expressed or implied.
3. All warranty service must be made by the Princeton Instruments factory or, at our
option, an authorized service center.
4. Before products or parts can be returned for service you must contact the
Princeton Instruments factory and receive a return authorization number (RMA).
Products or parts returned for service without a return authorization evidenced
by an RMA will be sent back freight collect.
5. These warranties are effective only if purchased from the Princeton Instruments
factory or one of our authorized manufacturer's representatives or distributors.
6. Unless specified in the original purchase agreement, Princeton Instruments is not
responsible for installation, setup, or disassembly at the customer’s location.
7. Warranties extend only to defects in materials or workmanship as limited above
and do not extend to any product or part which has:
been lost or discarded by you;
been damaged as a result of misuse, improper installation, faulty or
inadequate maintenance or failure to follow instructions furnished by us;
had serial numbers removed, altered, defaced, or rendered illegible;
been subjected to improper or unauthorized repair; orbeen damaged due to fire, flood, radiation, or other "acts of God" or othercontingencies beyond the control of Princeton Instruments.
8. After the warranty period has expired, you may contact the Princeton
Instruments factory or a Princeton Instruments-authorized representative forrepair information and/or extended warranty plans.
9. Physically damaged units or units that have been modified are not acceptable forrepair in or out of warranty and will be returned as received.

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10. All warranties implied by state law or non-U.S. laws, including the implied
warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, are expressly
limited to the duration of the limited warranties set forth above. With the exception of
any warranties implied by state law or non-U.S. laws, as hereby limited, the forgoingwarranty is exclusive and in lieu of all other warranties, guarantees, agreements, andsimilar obligations of manufacturer or seller with respect to the repair or replacementof any parts. In no event shall Princeton Instruments' liability exceed the cost of therepair or replacement of the defective product or part.
11. This limited warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have otherrights that may vary from state to state and from country to country. Some states
and countries do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts,
when an action may be brought, or the exclusion or limitation of incidental orconsequential damages, so the above provisions may not apply to you.
12. When contacting us for technical support or service assistance, please refer tothe Princeton Instruments factory of purchase, contact your authorized Princeton
Instruments representative or reseller, or visit our technical support page atwww.princetoninstruments.com.

Contact Information
Roper Scientific's manufacturing facility for this product is located at the following
address:
Princeton Instruments
3660 Quakerbridge Road
Trenton, NJ 08619 (USA)
Tel: 800-874-9789 / 609-587-9797
Fax: 609-587-1970
Customer Support E-mail: techsupport@princetoninstruments.com
For immediate support in your area, please call the following locations directly:
America

1.877.4.PIACTON (877.474.2286)

Benelux+31 (347) 324989

France+33 (1) 60.86.03.65

Germany+49 (0) 89.660.7793

Japan+81 (3) 5639.2741

UK & Ireland+44 (0) 28.3831.0171

Otherwise, see our Support web page at www.princetoninstruments.com.
An up-to-date list of addresses and telephone numbers is posted on the
www.princetoninstruments.com/Support page. In addition, links on this page tosupport topics allow you to send e-mail based requests to the customer support group.

124Index#-B
64-pin DIN connector ........................................16, 85
70 V shutter drive option .........................................19
A/D converters .........................................................56
AC power requirements ...........................................26
Accessories, alignment of ........................................46
Acton adapter instructions .....................................104
Adapter
spectrometer .........................................................16
Adapter instructions
Acton..................................................................104
Chromex 250 IS .................................................105
ISA HR 320 .......................................................106
ISA HR 640 .......................................................107
JY TRIAX ..........................................................109
SPEX 270M .......................................................110
SPEX 500M .......................................................111
SPEX TripleMate ...............................................112
Air-circulation requirement .....................................16
Analog gain control ...........................................41, 55
Analog/Control module .....................................16, 17
Arrayblooming ..............................................................55
dark charge effects ...............................................54
maximum on-chip integration ..............................55
signal-to-noise ratio vs. on chip integration time .55
well capacity ........................................................55
AUX BNC connector ...............................................92
Background subtraction ...........................................61
Back-plane ............................................................... 16
baseline ....................................................................57
Baseline signal ...................................................54, 57
excessive humidity ...............................................54
ST-133 zero adjustment .......................................18
sudden change in ..................................................54
Binning
softwareeffect on S/N ratio................................................... 57
high light level measurements ................................ 56
shot-noise limited measurements ........................... 56
Blooming .................................................................55

C
Cables
Detector-Controller ..............................................19
fiber optic .............................................................19

Cables (cont.)
PCI interface ........................................................19
TAXI ....................................................................19
USB 2.0................................................................ 19
Calibration
spectrometersuitable light sources ............................................... 45
Camera Detection wizard .........................................36
Camera Power connectors .......................................18
Camera Signal connectors........................................18
Cautions
baseline signal shift ..............................................70
coolant fittings .....................................................38
coolant mixture ....................................................38
coolant pH ............................................................ 38
coolant temperature ..............................................38
DMA and Interrupt ..............................................80
excessive humidity in array chamber ...................54
Chromex 250 IS adapter instructions .....................105
Cleaning
controller .............................................................. 13
detector ................................................................ 13
optical surfaces.....................................................13
Cold finger ............................................................... 10
Connectors
detector ................................................................ 15
ST-133,....................................................18
ST-133, AUX Output ...........................................19
ST-133, Camera Power ........................................18
ST-133, Camera Signal ........................................18
ST-133, Detector ..................................................18
ST-133, External Sync .........................................18
ST-133, Serial COM ............................................19
ST-133, TTL In/Out .............................................18
ST-133, USB 2.0..................................................19
Contact information ...............................................124
Controller modules ..................................................16
Coolant
mixture ratio ...................................................26, 91
pH of ....................................................................38
temperature control ........................................26, 91
Coolant circulator
coolant flow rate ..................................................39
coolant mixture ....................................................38
coolant temperature ..............................................38
fluid pressure, maximum .......................... 26, 39, 91

125

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OMA V:InGaAs System Manual

Coolant circulator (cont.)
installation ............................................................38
Cooling ....................................................................15
Cooling and vacuum ................................................73
Customer support ...................................................124

D-E
Dark charge
definition of..........................................................54
pattern ..................................................................54
temperature dependence .......................................54
typical values .......................................................54
Dark signal
dynamic range ......................................................55
Declaration of Conformity ..................... 118, 119, 120
Detector
fan ......................................................................15
rotation of.............................................................46
Detector connector (ST-133) ...................................18
Dewar ................................................................ 10, 39
all-directional .......................................................16
capacity ................................................................ 16
Digitization ..............................................................56
Diode, thermal sensing ............................................10
DMA buffer .............................................................83
DMA buffer size ................................................44, 49
Dynamic range .........................................................55
EMF spike ............................................................... 48
Enclosuresheat-removal block and coolant ...........................10
Environmental requirements ....................................26
Ethylene glycol ........................................................38
Excessive humidity ..................................................54
Exposure readout .....................................................42
Exposure time ....................................................60, 63
External Sync
background subtraction ........................................61
charge accumulation.............................................61
input pulse ............................................................60
shutter synchronization ........................................61
timing ...................................................................60
timing mode .........................................................60
External synchronization .........................................60

F-G
Fan
detector ................................................................ 15
ST-133 ........................................................... 19, 26
Fast Modedata acquisition ....................................................62
flow chart .............................................................63
image update lag ..................................................62
Fiber optic cable (PCI optional) ..............................19First light............................................................ 44, 48
Flat field correction .................................................54

Version 4.F

Flow rate, coolant ....................................................39
Fluid pressure, flow rate .............................. 26, 39, 91
Focusing
F-mount adapter .................................................115
lens ...................................................................116
microscope ......................................................... 116
Focusing and alignment ...........................................45
FPA array, theory of operation ................................ 51
Free Run
experiments best suited for...................................60
timing ...................................................................60
timing diagram .....................................................60
timing flow chart ..................................................60
timing mode .........................................................60
Fuse
replacement .......................................................... 71
requirements .........................................................26
Grounding and safety (ST-133) ............................... 12

H-K
Hardware Setup wizard ............................................37
Hose connections .....................................................38
Humidity, in vacuum enclosure ............................... 70
I/O Address conflicts ...............................................80
IEC Publication 348.................................................12
Installation
coolant circulator .................................................38
hose connections ..................................................38
PCI card driver .....................................................31
tubing ...................................................................38
USB 2.0 driver .....................................................33
Interface card
PCI
High Speed PCI....................................................... 30
PCI(Timer) .............................................................. 30
USB 2.0................................................................ 31
Interface Control module ...................................16, 17Interrupt conflicts.....................................................80
ISA HR 320 adapter instructions ........................... 106
ISA HR 640 adapter instructions ........................... 107
ISA serial card .........................................................80
JY TRIAX adapter instructions ............................. 109

L-Q
Line voltage selection (ST-133)
procedure ............................................................. 71
selector drum........................................................28
LN ..........................................................................39
Maintenance............................................................. 13
Memory allocation .............................................44, 49
Mercury spectrum, fluorescent lights .......................46
Microscopy
arc lamp EMF spike damage warning ..................48
Xenon or Hg lamp EMF spike ............................. 48

Index
Moduleinstallation ............................................................85
removal ................................................................ 84
NOT READY signal ................................................18
NOT SCAN signal ...................................................18

P-Q
PCI card driver installation ......................................31
PCI serial interface card
diagnostics software .............................................81
fiber optic adapters...............................................19
installation ............................................................30
non-conforming peripheral cards .........................82
PDA array, theory of operation ................................ 51
Plug-in modules, installation and removal ...............84
Power cord ............................................................... 27
Power module (ST-133) ..........................................19
Power requirements .................................................26
Power switch and indicator ......................................16
Preopen Shutter mode ..............................................61
Procedures
adapter installation .............................................103
line voltage selection and line fuse.......................71
plug-in module installation/removal.....................85
Programmable TTL interface
connector ..............................................................18
pinout levels .........................................................64
PVCAM.INI ......................................................37, 70

R-S
Readout
binning .................................................................57
Readout time ......................................................60, 63
Requirements
environmental.......................................................26
power ...................................................................26
ventilation ............................................................26
RSConfig.exe .....................................................37, 70
S/N ratio............................................................. 55, 57
Safety related symbols used in manual ...................12
Saturation .................................................................55
Serial COM connector .............................................19
Shuttermodes
Disable .............................................................. 59, 63
Normal .............................................................. 59, 63
Preopen ....................................................... 59, 61, 63
shutter setting selector (ST-133) ..........................19
ST-133 connector .................................................19
SHUTTER signal .....................................................18
Signal-to-noise ratio
on-chip integration ...............................................55
Skipping ...................................................................55
Slide latch operation ................................................86
Software binning ......................................................56

127
Specifications..................................................... 89–92
Spectrometer
adapter instructions ............................................103
mounting to detector ............................................34
SPEX 270M adapter instructions ........................... 110
SPEX 500M adapter instructions ........................... 111
SPEX TripleMate adapter instructions ..................112
ST-133 Controller
description of .......................................................16
fuse/voltage label .................................................19
grounding and safety ............................................12
power module.......................................................19
power requirements ..............................................26
zero adjustment ....................................................18

T-U
TAXI
cable .....................................................................19
connector .............................................................. 19
interface card........................................................20
Technical support ..................................................124
TEMP LOCK indicator ...........................................52
Temperature control
effect of vacuum deterioration ............................. 73
introduction to ......................................................52
problems............................................................... 72
thermal cutout switch ...........................................73
Temperature lock .....................................................52
Temperature Lock LED (ST-133) ........................... 18
Thermal cutout switch..............................................73
Thermoelectric cooler ..............................................10
Timing control .........................................................62
TTL In/Out
hardware interface ................................................66
pin assignments ....................................................64
ST-133 connector .................................................18
Tubing connections ..................................................38
Tygon tubing...................................................... 26, 91
USB 2.0
cable .....................................................................19
connector .............................................................. 19
data overrun .........................................................74
interface card........................................................20

V-Z
Vacuum deterioration ..............................................73
Ventilation requirements..........................................26
Vertical skips ........................................................... 55
Warnings
cleaning ................................................................ 13
Controller/Detector cable .....................................17
coolant hazard ......................................................26
coolant pH ............................................................ 38
module installation/removal under power ............17
opening the ST-133 power module ......................71

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OMA V:InGaAs System Manual

Warnings (cont.)
overtightening the ST-133 module screws ...........85
protective grounding ............................................12
replacement powercord ........................................12
ST-133 fuse type ..................................................71
ST-133 module installation/removal under power ... 84
touching the array.................................................13
Xenon and Hg arc lamps ......................................48
Warranties
image intensifier detector ...................................122
one year .............................................................. 121
one year on refurbished/discontinued products ..121
owner's manual and troubleshooting ..................123
sealed chamber ...................................................122

Version 4.F

Warranties (cont.)
software .............................................................. 122
vacuum integrity.................................................122
XP vacuum chamber ..........................................121
x-ray detector .....................................................122
your responsibility..............................................123
Website ..................................................................124
Well capacity ........................................................... 55
blooming .............................................................. 55
saturation .............................................................. 55
WizardCamera Detection.................................................36
Hardware Setup ....................................................37
Upgrade Device Driver ........................................32