WEPA International Workshop
on Industrial Wastewater
Management
10 February 2023
Siem Reap, Cambodia (+ online)

WEPA International Workshop on Industrial
Wastewater ManagementAgenda
 Opening remarks and framing presentation: questionnaire survey report,Kazuyuki Yagi, WEPA Secretariat
 Keynote lecture: Living in Harmony with Water: “Sustainable Man andBiosphere Systems”, Prof. Motoyuki Suzuki, WEPA Advisor
 Case study report 1: From end-of-pipe solutions to circular economy
approach to industrial wastewater management in Asia - Case studies inseafood processing and textile industry, Dr. Ngoc-Bao Pham, WEPASecretariat
 Case study report 2: Waste water management in a beverage industry inCambodia, Mr. Vathanak Sung and Mrs. Heng Helen, the HEINEKEN
Company, Cambodia Brewery Limited
 Case study report 3: The implementation of TMDL and Industrial
Wastewater Management in Indonesia, Prof. Tjandra Setiadi, Indonesia
 Interactive discussion

2

WEPA International Workshop on Industrial Wastewater Management
10 February 2023, Siem Reap, Cambodia (+ online)

Questionnaire Survey Report
10 February 2023

WEPA secretariat
Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES)WEPA Outlook 2021
WEPA Outlook on Water Environmental
Management in Asia 2021
 The updates on water environment governancein each WEPA Partner Country before 2020 arecovered; Moreover, we plan to disseminate further
information on the country updates by uploadingon the WEPA website.
 The WEPA secretariat is grateful to the focal
persons and the collaborators of the following
WEPA partner countries for their contributions
and constructive input, as well as their support
in the preparation of this publication.
 We also extend our appreciation to the WEPA
Advisory Board for their guidance and invaluable
input.

4

uploaded on the WEPA website: http://wepa-db.net/en/index.html

WEPA FY2022 Questionnaire Survey
 Focusing on “Compliance withRegulations in Industrial Wastewater
Management", a questionnaire wassent to each FP in November; The results of the survey are compiledby the secretariat, along withinformation from past surveys andinformation included in the WEPA
Outlook 2021;
 Also, the secretariat requested update reports frompartner countries at the 18th WEPA Annual Meeting asshared in the questionnaire; The above information will be compiled and disseminatedon the WEPA website.

5WEPA FY2022 Questionnaire Survey Results
Q2.1 Please rate the significance of each type of industry as apollution source in your country
average Cambodia

ChinaIndonesia

Japan

Lao_PDR Malaysia Myanmar

Nepal

Philippine Republic
Sri Lanka Thailand Viet Nam
sof Korea

Food, beverages, tobacco

3.94353443544Textile, apparels, leather

3.7

3333453

4

45Wood, wood products

2.81133343343Paper, paper products, printing

3.3313355244Chemicals, chemical products

3.62351452455

Pharmaceuticals, medicinal
chemical products

3.3

1351343535

Rubber and plastics products

3.01331543424

Metal manufacturing

3.2

1351351445

Electrical equipment

2.5

123

124

13535

Very highMachinery and equipment

2.6

133

123

13544High

Motor vehicles, other transport
equipment

2.5

123

12334243

Moderate

Livestock industries

3.6

34424445242Low

1Very lowMining and quarrying

3.83334554524

Petroleum refining

3.2

12413515556

WEPA FY2022 Questionnaire Survey Results
Q3. Please confirm the state of industrial effluent standard for yourcountry shown in Table 1.7 of the WEPA Outlook 2021, any changes?
 Changes in structure of standards [Cambodia]
 Ministry has published a gazette to limit effluent standard
before its disposal to water bodies along with specified test
procedure [Nepal]
 A new General Effluent Standards for selected parameters isnow being implemented [Philippines]
 Gazette notification prescribing the standards for discharge ofindustrial effluents has been released [Sri Lanka]

7

WEPA FY2022 Questionnaire Survey Results
Q4. Please confirm the responsibility for effluent monitoring foryour country shown in Table 1.8 of the WEPA Outlook 2021, anychanges?
 “Self-Monitoring” system for potential polluters; discharge
permit for Industries; Inspection teams creation [Cambodia]
 The owner of the premises shall maintain a record; Thedischarge monitoring data must be submitted monthly[Malaysia]
 Legal instrument for the monitoring is under process [Nepal]
 Environmental Management Bureau is issuing the Wastewater
Discharge Permit [Philippines] Central Environmental Authority branch officers have theauthority on inspections and sampling for effluent quality of
selected industries [Sri Lanka]
8

WEPA FY2022 Questionnaire Survey Results
Q5. STATUS OF MONITORING/INSPECTING INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS
CambodiaQ5.1. Do you regularly
inspect the industrial
effluent?

Yes

No

Textile,printing,
chemicalindustry,
beverage andfoodprocessing
industries2021

Q5.2. If Yes in Q5.1, do
you inspect all types ofindustries or selectparticular types or sizesof industries forinspection?

Year
Total number ofinspections
Number (or ratio) ofNA
complied entities/plants
Number (or ratio) of NOT
Q5.3. Please provide
complied entities/plants
number of inspections to Compliance rate
you madeRemarks

Lao_PDR

395

Malaysia

MyanmarYes

Yes

inspect all
types ofindustries

inspect all
types ofindustries

No

2020 2020/2021
10310
9918

16

392

0.96

0.96
Data areprovided foreach major
pollutionindustry

Nepal

Republic ofKorea

Sri Lanka

Yes

Yes

inspect all
types ofindustries

inspect all
types ofindustries

2022
481

48316
Data is not
45231
available,
because the3085
authority of
the inspection
0.94
wasData aretransferred to provided foreach degree
local
government of pollution
loads (high,moderate,low)

95. Compliance with regulations for
effluent standards
Total No. of
Inspection(physical &desktop)

Percentage ofcomplied
premises

Percentage of
NOT complied
premisesPalm Oil Milling*

2,496

95%

5%

Natural Rubber Processing*43894%

6%

Scheduled Waste Disposal &Treatment*

1,604

96%

4%

Manufacturing*

5,772

99.75%

0.25%

10,310

97.8%

2.2%

Type of Industry

TOTAL*Source: 2020 Annual Report, DOE

4.2 Industrial Wastewater Management - December, 2022

Category

No. of Industries

EPL status

A (High)

1000

960 (96.0%)

B (High)

14292

14189 (99.2%)

C (Medium)

11162

11019 (98.7%)

D (Low)

21644

17855 (82.5%)

Total

48098

91.5%

Facts and statistics of Industrial wastewater management

Number of specified establishments
Average effluent more than 50㎥/day
Article 5（Establishment of Specified facilities）
Notification Article 7（Structure changes etc.）
Article 8（Order to change plans）
Number of establishments inspected （Article 22.1）
Inspection during night
Order for Improvement（Article 13）
Order to suspend operation（Article 13）
Order to purify groundwater（Article 14.3）
Number ofIn writing
administrative Oral
direction
Total(Public Water)
Installation or improvement of wastewater
Contents oftreatment facilities
administrative
Temporary suppression of effluent
direction
Others(Public Water)
Total
Violation of effluent standards（Article 31.1.1）
Violation of order for improvement（Article 30）
Violation of water pollution control law (others)Measures to be taken in case of an accident
Ministry of the Environment

FY2017262,187
31,441
6,477
4,115
0
36,194
484
11
20
2,235
5,565

FY2018262,233
31,195
7,490
4,108
0
36,323
390
16
10
2,261
5,446

FY2019261,251
30,749
7,276
4,066
0
34,696
519
18
0
0
2,130
5,308

FY2020257,806
30,551
6,051
3,700
0
28,405
438
4
1
0
1,809
4,187

7,800

7,707

7,438

5,996

1,960

2,030

1,749

1,440

17
6,017
7,994
100520

19
6,341
8,390
8
00524

17
6,4128,178
100449175,0166,473
30048312

WEPA Outlook 2021
Analysis by the WEPA Secretariat:
The status of monitoring/inspecting industrial effluents in WEPA partner countries

13

WEPA FY2022 Questionnaire Survey Results
Q5. STATUS OF MONITORING/INSPECTING INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS
Cambodia

Lao_PDR

Technical advice
技術指導

10

Additional inspections
追加の査察

4

Issuing legal notice to fix
Q5.4. Please provide
information of measures problem
for non-compliance of
行政指導
effluent quality in yourMonetary penalty (fine)country in 2020 (or latest
罰金year): 2021File criminal charges/
court actions
刑事告発／訴訟
Revoking or moratoriumon the license
認可取消し・一時停止

Malaysia

Myanmar

Nepal

Republic ofKorea

Sri Lanka

39610305961314014885144631614

WEPA FY2022 Questionnaire Survey Results
Q7.2. Any suggestions for further strengthening/enhancing ourWEPA contributions to improve water governance in WEPA partnercountries: Training or research on particular type of wastewater management[Cambodia]
 Research on water quality interlinked with climate change impacts[Cambodia]
 Continued support of domestic wastewater management systems [Lao PDR]
 Engagement of implementation agencies, the lawmakers or the correct
designated parties in partner [Malaysia]
 Capacity building related to the water governance [Myanmar] Assistance to develop mechanism for monitoring and compliance practices[Nepal] More specific emerging issues and discuss those topics in detail to figure out
one country’s policies and related challenges [Korea]
 Continue holding this kind of gathering/workshop for additional knowledgeof the other members [Philippines] Technical support and knowledge exchange regarding implementation of15polluter pays principle [Sri Lanka]

WEPA FY2022 Questionnaire Survey Results
Q7.3. Does your country have an interest in particular water
governance issues, water body, theme, etc. that will be focused in
WEPA activities?
 Develop strategy document on water quality governance [Cambodia]
 Water pollution load governance, such as application of TMDL [Malaysia]
 Wastewater management and treatment through integrated/centralized
system [Malaysia]
 Constructed wetlands as an alternative method in sewage treatment inisland and rural area [Malaysia]
 The issue of industrial waste degrading the water environment [Nepal]
 Micropollutants and microplastic in ambient water [Korea]
 Knowing success stories about projects/programs implemented which
could be replicated in our country [Philippines] Damage assessments related to water pollution [Sri Lanka]

16

WEPA FY2022 Questionnaire Survey
 Focusing on “Compliance withRegulations in Industrial Wastewater
Management", a questionnaire wassent to each FP in November; The results of the survey are compiledby the secretariat, along withinformation from past surveys andinformation included in the WEPA
Outlook 2021;
 Also, the secretariat requested update reports frompartner countries at the 18th WEPA Annual Meeting asshared in the questionnaire; The above information will be compiled and disseminatedon the WEPA website.

17