PneuMa: Designing Pneumatic Bodily Extensions for Supporting
Movement in Everyday Life
Aryan Sainiaryan@exertiongameslab.org
Exertion Games Lab, Department of
Human-Centred Computing
Monash University
Melbourne, Australia

Rakesh Patibanda

rakesh.patibanda@monash.edu
Exertion Games Lab, Department of
Human-Centred Computing
Monash University
Melbourne, Australia

Elise van den Hovenelise.vandenhoven@uts.edu.au
University of Technology Sydney
Sydney, Australia
Eindhoven University of Technology
Eindhoven, Netherlands

A

Nathalie Overdevest

nathalie.overdevest@monash.edu
Exertion Games Lab, Department of
Human-Centred Computing
Monash University
Melbourne, Australia

Florian ‘Floyd’ Mueller

floyd@exertiongameslab.org
Exertion Games Lab, Department of
Human-Centred Computing
Monash University
Melbourne, Australia

B

C

Figure 1: PneuMa Bodily Extensions: A) “Pardon”, B) “Greetings”, and C) "Take a break".

ABSTRACT
Prior research around the design of interactive systems has highlighted the benefits of supporting embodiment in everyday life.
This resulted in the creation of body-centric systems that leverage movement. However, these advances supporting movementin everyday life, aligning with the embodiment theory, so far focused on sensing movement as opposed to facilitating movement.
We present PneuMa, a novel wearable system that can facilitate
movement in everyday life through pneumatic-based bodily extensions. We showcase the system through three examples: "Pardon?",moving the ear forward; "Greetings", moving a hand towards the"Bye-bye" gesture; "Take a break", moving the hands away from the
keyboard, enabling the bodily extensions that support movementin everyday life. We delve into some findings in relation to priorresearch around bodily extensions and embodied interaction in the
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For all other uses, contact the owner/author(s).
CHI EA ’24, May 11–16, 2024, Honolulu, HI, USA© 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).
ACM ISBN 979-8-4007-0331-7/24/05
https://doi.org/10.1145/3613905.3649125

video. Ultimately, we hope that our work helps more people profit
from the benefits of everyday movement support.

CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → Human computer interaction(HCI); Interaction paradigms;

KEYWORDS
bodily extensions, pneumatics, embodied interactions, embodied
experiences
ACM Reference Format:
Aryan Saini, Rakesh Patibanda, Nathalie Overdevest, Elise van den Hoven,and Florian ‘Floyd’ Mueller. 2024. PneuMa: Designing Pneumatic Bodily
Extensions for Supporting Movement in Everyday Life. In Extended Abstractsof the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA ’24),
May 11–16, 2024, Honolulu, HI, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 4 pages.
https://doi.org/10.1145/3613905.3649125

1

INTRODUCTION

The theory of embodied interaction has been explored extensively
by several researchers to offer a wide range of applications [8, 13,36]. Supporting embodiment in everyday life has been credited withtangible benefits for its users, such as speech production, memory

CHI EA ’24, May 11–16, 2024, Honolulu, HI, USA

recall, and temporal perception [5–7, 26]. Owing to these associated contributions, wearables that sense movements for users ineveryday life have become prevalent in HCI research [1, 12, 33, 37].
Although these advancements have been primarily focused towards
sensing and feedback, there have been some explorations that function as an addition to the human body to facilitate novel experiences[2, 15]. The additions to the human body that physically alter or
extend the structure of the body have been called "Bodily Extensions" [3, 19]. Bodily extensions offer a myriad of solutions ranging
from accessibility [40], targeted feedback [31], motor functionality[38], or allowing super-normal capability [32].
Along with supporting embodiment, prior work has exploredbodily extensions through a variety of lenses. Buruk et al. presented
a series of bodily extensions through a phenomenological lens to
explore the experiential aspects of using them [3]. Research efforts
around both wearables and bodily extensions have been focused
towards sensing movements [10, 24, 39]. However, both wearables
and bodily extensions that induce movement while also extending
the body have been sparingly explored.
Shape-changing wearables and bodily extensions have been proposed in several contexts, including novel interactions [11], virtual
reality [35], accessibility [40], and games [34]. However, these systems have been focused on delivering assistance during specifictasks or delivering contextual feedback to the user engaged in adigital experience. Taken together, they miss the opportunity tofacilitate an experience where the user moves the body as the eventual interaction, as learned from the embodiment theory. While
there has been a recent interest in HCI to create applications thatfacilitate bodily movement (actuation), the means have been intrusive or have possessed an uncomfortable amount of weight tobe wearable (bulky) [14]. Bodily actuation applications, primarily
manifested through VR [35], force feedback [17, 18], and games[16, 20, 22, 23, 25] miss out on the opportunity to facilitate anembodied experience which in turn has the potential to increaseawareness [13] and various other cognitive abilities [4–6, 21]. As
a result, the roles of these technologies have been limited in thescope of everyday life and majorly reduced to short novel interactions owing to their issues with wearability, comfort and bodyconformity.

Saini et al.

soft material feel of silicone to create bodily extensions that support
movement in everyday life. We borrow the term "bodily extensions"from Buruk et al.’s work [3], as our wearables, while facilitating
bodily movement, also physically alter or extend the structure of
the human body [27–29]. In this paper, we demonstrate our systemthrough two different inputs, speech and an automated timer (userconfigurable), to support bodily movement. We implemented threeunique bodily extensions aiming to support the following scenarios
in everyday life:• Pardon?: Promoting a good-bye gesture by moving the user’s
hand towards such a gesture if the system senses the words“good-bye” (through a smartphone’s microphone).
• Greetings: Moving a user’s ear forward and enlarging it
whenever the system senses the words “Beg your pardon?”• Take a break: Moving the user’s hands away from the keyboard in order to encourage a break from typing.
For further design and field study details please refer to our
TEI’24 paper [28].

2

CONCLUSION

In this paper, we presented PneuMa, a pneumatic-based wearable
system for silicone-based bodily extensions to support movementin everyday life. Using our system helped the users become moreaware of their bodies and highlighted for them the importance of
bodily movement in certain scenarios. In the accompanying video,
we highlighted the importance of movement in everyday life alongwith the possible benefits of our system PneuMa in three scenarios.
We hope that our work extends and creates knowledge for exploring
the area of bodily extensions for embodiment. We hope that ourwork helps people profit from the benefits of embodiment support.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Aryan Saini, Rakesh Patibanda, Nathalie Overdevest, Elise vanden Hoven and Florian ‘Floyd’ Mueller thank the Australian Research Council (Discovery Project Grant - DP190102068). Florian‘Floyd’ Mueller also thanks the Australian Research Council for
DP200102612 and LP210200656. We would also like to thank Yuzheng
Chen for his help with the project, along with the participants who
volunteered for our study.

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towards the "Bye-bye" gesture; "Take a break", moving the hands
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