作者簡介
徐桂娣（1977.6 ），女，遼寧省西豐縣人。1996 年〜 2000 年進入吉林大學哲學社會學院哲學基地班學習，獲哲學學士學位。2000 年〜 2003 年繼續在吉林大學哲學社會學院學習，2003 年
獲中國哲學碩士學位，同年入職遼寧大學哲學與公共管理學院哲學系，從事教學和學術研究。
2006 年考入北京師範大學哲學與社會學學院，2009 年獲中國哲學博士學位，同年轉入大連海事大學人文與社會科學學院，任哲學系講師。主要研究方向為儒家哲學和道家哲學。

提要

郭象是魏晉時期重要的哲學家，他以寄言出意的方法注解《莊子》，將己意貫通其中，使其《莊子注》成為具有獨立價值的哲學著作。
在《莊子注》中，郭象不再關注萬物之前或之外的統一性，以肯定萬物的差別性作為其立論的基礎。他明確否定造物之主，反對以「無」為存在的根據，將目光轉向有物之域，認為天
地萬物皆出於自生、自造。進而，着重論述萬物各有「性分」：物各有性和性各有極。各有之性
依實存本身而有；真性的實現與展開，是為性之極。
郭象強調「順」、「任」，主張「無心」，即反對以己制物，要求在自己證成性分的同時，亦
不妨礙他者性分的證成。通過無心以順有，乃能個個圓成，與化為體。此種得性而化的狀態，就是逍遙。這個過程，郭象概括之為「神器獨化于玄冥之境」。
郭象自覺地從心性的角度來解決天人之際的問題。萬物能得其性分即為天（然），失其性分則為人（為）。因此人的存在當以明天然、得天然為正。如果說莊子「蔽於天而不知人」，郭象
則以人的得性工夫一天人，在實現整體和諧的同時，亦凸顯了人的自由性。據此，郭象將逍遙
落實到社會人生中，以逍遙統合內聖外王之道，融通名教與自然，化解他人與自我的對待，從而臻逍遙於有物之域。

目

目
次
導 論 ············································································ 1
第一章 郭象《莊子序》及《莊子注》 ····················· 9
第一節 郭象生平 ···················································· 11
一、生卒年及里籍推定 ····································· 11
二、著作查考 ···················································· 13
三、才性品評 ···················································· 15
第二節 《莊子序》················································· 17
一、《莊子序》真偽 ··········································· 17
二、《莊子序》思想主旨···································· 18
三、《莊子序》與《莊子注》 ···························· 20
第三節 《莊子注》················································· 23
一、著者疑案 ···················································· 23
二、版本源流 ···················································· 25
三、思想體系 ···················································· 27
第二章 有物之域 ······················································ 31
第一節 存在的根據················································· 33
一、有與無 ························································ 35
二、道與理 ························································ 38
三、本與根 ························································ 40
第二節 自生 ···························································· 42
一、造物無物 ···················································· 43二、有物之自造 ················································· 45－目 1－次臻逍遙於有物之域──郭象《莊子注》研究

三、自然 ···························································· 47
第三節 物各有性 ···················································· 49
一、性與命 ························································ 51
二、齊物 ···························································· 54
三、性分 ···························································· 56
第三章 適性、無心而任自化··································· 59
第一節 適性 ···························································· 62
一、得性、失性、順性 ····································· 64
二、宜、正、當 ················································· 68
三、足、全、自得 ············································· 72
第二節 無心 ···························································· 76
一、絕學而去知 ················································· 79
二、入於無言無意之域 ····································· 83
三、名極而實當 ················································· 86
第三節 與化為體 ···················································· 89
一、化 ································································ 91
二、自化與獨化 ················································· 97
三、與化為一 ·················································· 101
第四章 神器獨化於玄冥之境································· 107
第一節 明內聖外王之道 ······································· 112
一、通天地之統 ··············································· 115
二、序萬物之性 ··············································· 117
三、達死生之變 ··············································· 119
第二節 名教與自然··············································· 121一、廟堂與山林 ··············································· 125
二、迹與所以迹 ··············································· 128
三、有為與無為 ··············································· 131
第三節 天人之際 ·················································· 134
一、順天應人──人的內在性 ························ 137
二、和而不同──人的個體性 ························ 139
三、存在即逍遙──人的自由性 ···················· 142
結 語 ········································································ 147

參考文獻 ···································································· 155－目 2－