Guru: Building The AI Orchestration Network
E. Vakhteev (evgeny@dex.guru), A. Volynshchikov(alex.volynshchikov@techusage.com)
Mar 1, 2024

Abstract
As blockchain and AI technologies mature, orchestrating their interactions with real-world
business processes becomes increasingly crucial. Traditional smart contracts, while effective
within their native environments, are often limited by a lack of secure, reliable real-worldinteraction. On the other hand, existing AI models perform well with simple tasks but facesignificant challenges when integrated into automated multi-step processes and participant
flows.
The Guru Network addresses this gap by focusing on AI-driven and user flows orchestration
across both on-chain and off-chain sides, providing a robust framework for real-world user
actions and blockchain business process automation(BBPA). Layer 3 which allows apps tonatively embed orchestrated AI Agents and earn Network participant rewards.
The Guru Flow Orchestrator facilitates complex workflows that require adaptive, context-aware
decisions based on real-time data, thus extending the functionality of traditional blockchain
applications and Guru Data Warehouse. The network employs a triadic model—linking AI
models, on-chain processes, and off-chain data—ensuring a seamless flow of operations andenhancing the efficiency and applicability of decentralized applications (dApps).
By incorporating Chainlink’s decentralized oracle network architecture, the Guru Network
ensures that off-chain computations and data feeds are securely and efficiently processed,
maintaining integrity and confidentiality. This approach not only enhances the scalability andperformance of blockchain networks but also introduces new possibilities in sectors such as
finance, supply chain, and automated customer interactions, where decisions must bedata-driven and could be dynamically optimized by AI Models.
Guru Developer’s toolkit and Framework SDK streamlining the Ecosystem onboarding.
Individual Agents orchestrated by AI Processors definitions[6] along with user’s and employeetasks.Through the Guru Network, enterprises and retail users gain the ability to compose anddeploy sophisticated, secure, and compliant AI/Web3 solutions, bridging the gap between
theoretical blockchain potential and practical business needs.

Guru Network - White Paper Outline
The goal of this white paper is to evaluate and outline the architectural decisions for the future
development of the Guru Network, focusing on the Flow Orchestrator and Framework. Below is
the structured outline of the content:
1. Overview of the Guru Network○ Introduction to the integration of AI and blockchain.
○ Discussion on the simplification of business applications development.
○ Integration of Chainlink's CCIP for enhanced interoperability.
2. Blockchain Business Process Automation (BBPA) Engines○ Architecture and functionality within the Chainlink ecosystem.
○ Role in maintaining consistency and reliability across blockchains.
3. Guru Individual Agents○ Description of decentralized, blockchain-integrated compute units.
○ Economic mechanisms and security protocols for agent operations.
4. Chainlink Integration○ Role of Chainlink's DON and CCIP in facilitating real-time data validation andenhancing BBPA Engine functionality.
5. Native User Facing Applications○ Flow Orchestrator as the control panel for project creation.
○ BBPMN Snippets Catalog and Individual Agents functionality.
6. Individual Agents Example Applications○ Practical examples of Individual Agents enhancing decision-making andoperational efficiency.
7. Guru Stack (Block Explorer, Data Warehouse, DeFi Terminal)○ Utilization of blockchain data feeds for deep data analytics in BBPA orchestration
scenarios.
8. Guru Network Ecosystem○ Development tools and frameworks that drive network adoption and usage.
9. Phases Of Detalization/Decentralization○ Phased migration of BBPA Engines to fully on-chain operations.
10. Tokenomics and Interoperability○ Exploration of the dual token economy and how it supports network operations.
11. Advanced Features and Future Enhancements○ Upcoming features such as enhanced cross-chain communication capabilities
and deeper Chainlink integrations.
12. Security and Compliance○ Security frameworks and compliance measures protecting data and transactions.

Core Backend ArchitectureOverview of the Guru Network

The Guru Network stands at the intersection of AI and blockchain technologies, providing atransformative platform for builders, startup innovators, and Gurus (Guru Network Contributors).
The network streamlines the development and operational processes of business applications
through an advanced orchestration Layer 3. The Flow Orchestrator low-code development
environment powers up BBPMN Definitions Marketplace, Composers, Deployers, and Gurus.
BBPMN(Blockchain Business Process Management and Notation) Definitions are BPMN[6]definitions extended with Blockchain/AI Orchestration elements and activities. The Flow
Orchestrator's snippets catalog creates an incentive for the Gurus economy—a marketplace
where Gurus meet ecosystem project needs in the form of published AI Models, Processors,
Context-aware RAG Applications, etc. Guru Ecosystem projects offer an easy-to-use and build
on Guru Framework, distributed in the form of an SDK.
The Guru Network is set to redefine the integration of digital and decentralized applications byleveraging its advanced AI and blockchain capabilities. With its comprehensive tools forautomation and low-code development, the Guru Network is not only facilitating the creation of
innovative applications but also nurturing a thriving economic ecosystem for its participants.
Vision and Objectives:

The Guru Network is dedicated to reducing the complexity associated with blockchain, AI anduser actions states, facilitating accessible application development with minimal coding
requirements. This enables users to focus more on innovation and value creation rather thanunderlying technologies.
Network Utility and Transactions Flow: In the Guru Network, each transaction is not merely atransfer of value but a critical component of orchestrated business processes. As decentralized
process definitions are deployed and executed within the network, each step of theorchestration may trigger a transaction that requires decentralized consensus. This intrinsic linkensures that every action within an automated process is validated and secured by the network,
enhancing the overall integrity and reliability of business operations. This approach not only
optimizes process efficiency but also aligns with the network's commitment to providing atransparent, reliable, and sufficiently decentralized framework for enterprise-grade solutions.
Integration of AI and Blockchain: Integrating AI with blockchain, the Guru Network provides
enhanced functionality for business applications, supporting AI-driven processes like GPT
Completions and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) Memory Embeddings. This
integration ensures applications are both efficient and contextually aware, optimizing
performance within a blockchain framework.
Utilizing Chainlink CCIP for Enhanced Orchestration and Interoperability: The integrationof Chainlink's Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol (CCIP) is a strategic move for the Guru
Network, allowing the orchestration of processes across any blockchain supported by CCIP.
This capability effectively addresses the fragmentation issue prevalent in the blockchain space,
where computation layers and dApps are often siloed within specific Blockchains yet need tooperate collaboratively. By enabling seamless process integration across diverse blockchain
environments, the Guru Network and Flow Orchestrator provide indiscriminate access totechnology, opening doors for ecosystem scaling and substantial growth.
Decentralizing BBPA Engines: The future roadmap for the Guru Network includes
transitioning the currently centralized BBPA Engines to a Decentralized Oracle Network (DON)
architecture. This strategic shift will involve opening the BBPA Engine Event Bus to network
participants through an Oracle interface connected to the BBPA Engine's Decentralized Oracle
Network. This approach ensures that individual agents within the network can interact with the
BBPA Engines as decentralized computational oracles. Such a structure promotes secure,efficient, and transparent execution of business processes across the network, aligning with thegoal of complete decentralization. Architecture follows research papers published on DON andChainlink's CCIP previously[1][2][4].
Blockchain Business Process Automation (BBPA): The focus of BBPA development isplanned upon AI Models applications as they create the means of new types of economic
incentives for network participants. The design of Guru Network significantly enhances theautomation of complex business processes across diverse industries through BBPA Engines.
These engines enable seamless integration and automation of AI Processors and users

On-Chain/Off-Chain workflows, improving operational efficiency and reducing reliance on
manual processes.
Empowering Users with Low-Code Solutions: The Guru Network and Flow Orchestrator
offers a suite of tools and interfaces that simplify application development. Users benefit fromdrag-and-drop interfaces and pre-built templates that expedite development and lower entry
barriers, making advanced technologies more accessible to entrepreneurs and businessprofessionals. That approach simplifies enterprise business applications adoption mentioned at
Chainlink v2.0 white paper[2]Blockchain Business Process Automation(BBPA) Engines
The BBPA Engines are a foundational element of the Guru Network, enhancing the automationof complex business processes across decentralized environments. Their integration with
Chainlink’s Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol (CCIP) and their role as a verifiable truth
source within the Chainlink ecosystem underscore their importance in ensuring secure, reliable,
and efficient process automation across multiple blockchain platforms.
In the Guru Network, the architectural framework integrates AI and blockchain technologies tostreamline application development and operation. Users interact with the Flow Orchestrator,
which acts as the central hub, coordinating activities across the network. It defines anddispatches business processes to the BBPA Engines, which execute these tasks with the aid ofChainlink's Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol (CCIP) for secure and reliable data verification.
AI Services are integrated within the Flow Orchestrator to enhance decision-making andprocess efficiency. Finally, all transactions and operational data are securely recorded on theblockchain network, providing a reliable feedback loop to users and supporting the network's
overall functionality.
Architectural Overview: BBPA Engines are designed as computational nodes within the Guru
Network, providing essential computational results for automated processes. The BBPA Engine
Declaration Smart Contract is deployed on the Guru Network and serves as an oracle interface
into the BBPA Engine System Event Bus. This setup allows the BBPA Engines to interact
seamlessly with various components of the network, facilitating efficient and secure
On-Chain/Off-Chain/AI processes automation.
Deployment and Integration with CCIP: The Process Definition Smart Contracts, which utilize
the computational results from the BBPA Engines, can be deployed on any blockchain platform
supported by Chainlink’s CCIP. This deployment strategy ensures that the BBPA Engines canreport and trigger actions across multiple blockchain environments. The CCIP ability to transfer
value (ERC-20 Tokens) along with message enhancing the versatility and utility of BBPA
Processes for multi-chain/Off-Chain actions.
Role Within of BBPA Engines in Chainlink Ecosystem: BBPA Engines acting within the
Chainlink ecosystem as advanced and easy to compose web services that provide verifiable
truth sources for automated processes. BBPA Engines running the same process definitions canensure consistency by reaching the "same state," with any biased data excluded through CCIP’s
aggregation mechanisms. Architecture allows support of optional N sufficient decentralization(based on business application), where N specifies number of BBPA engines running process
definition, and passed over as part of computation request. That enables consistency which isvital for maintaining the integrity and reliability of the process automation across various
blockchains.
Synchronization and Consistency Mechanisms: To maintain high levels of consistency andreliability, the BBPA Engines would employ sophisticated synchronization mechanisms
managed by sequencers within the Guru Network. These sequencers coordinate the execution

of processes, ensuring that all BBPA Engines across different blockchains can achieve andmaintain a synchronized state. This coordination is essential for the decentralized verification ofprocess states, making BBPA Engines a reliable source of truth within the network.
Verifiable Truth Source and Base Truth Oracle: As BBPA Engines achieve sufficient
decentralization, they can serve as a Base Truth Oracle within the context of specific AI
Processors. This Base Truth Oracle is crucial for excluding hallucinative responses from
Language Learning Models (LLMs) and maintaining relevance within automated responses. By
serving as a Base Truth Oracle, BBPA Engines enhance the accuracy and relevance ofAI-driven processes, ensuring that the automated decisions are based on verified and reliabledata.

Gurus Individual Agents

Individual Agents represent a core technological and economic component of the Guru Network,
enabling sophisticated, blockchain-integrated computational services that drive the network's
automation and operational capabilities. Their role as AI compute engines among otherfunctionalities underscores the innovative approach to decentralized process automation andeconomic incentivation. These agents function similarly to AWS Lambda functions with
non-custodial execution in Individual Agent Owner Cloud or On-premises environments. Agents
integrated into the blockchain environment through process definition smart contracts. They canserve roles as AI compute engines among other functionalities.
Individual AI Agents are central to the operation and success of the Guru Network, driving
innovation and efficiency through the strategic integration of AI and blockchain technologies.
This synergy enhances the network's capabilities, making it not only a powerful platform today
but also a resilient and scalable system for the future.
This section explores how these agents subscribe to tasks, execute various operations, andinteract within the Guru Network's economic framework.
Architecture of Individual Agents:
Individual Agents in the Guru Network are designed as flexible, event-driven computational units
that respond to specific tasks issued by the BBPA Engines. Tasks Queues are declared withinprocess definition smart contracts, which can be deployed on any blockchain platform supported
by Chainlink’s Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol (CCIP).
●

Process Definition Smart Contracts: Each contract specifies the topics of the task
queue to which Individual Agents can subscribe. This setup provides a structured andsecure method for agents to receive tasks relevant to their capabilities and designatedroles within the network.
●

Subscription: To become active participants in the Guru Network, Individual Agents
subscribe to task queues via transactions against the /subscribe method of theprocess definition smart contract. This subscription effectively upgrades their role,
allowing them to receive and execute tasks distributed by the BBPA Engines.

●

Task Execution: The tasks assigned to these agents can vary widely, including
executing AI model requests, performing non-custodial transactions, or calculating
buy/sell signals based on complex trading strategies and indicators. The versatility ofthese tasks underscores the robust capability of Individual Agents to handle diverse
computational demands.

Actions Available for Individual Agents
Individual Agents have several actions available to manage tasks effectively within the network.
These actions are executed On-Chain and Off Chain against the BBPA Engine by the agents:
●

●
●
●

/lock: Secures a task for a specific period of time or until execution. If an Individual
Agent cannot complete the task within the specified time (less than time-to-live, TTL), thetask is returned to the queue, and the agent is penalized.
/complete: Marks a task as completed and submits the results to the BBPA Engine andsubsequently into the DON network in an aggregated view from the process instance.
/error: Reports any computational errors or misconfigurations of tasks.
/publish: If an Individual Agent is chosen by a round-robin mechanism to publish results
on-chain, this action facilitates the publishing of results against the BBPA Engine at thesame time as an on-chain transaction is submitted on the chain where the BBPMN
definition is deployed.

Individual Agents can sign transactions with their passphrase, as they are executed in their own
controlled secured environment. This setup allows for non-custodial execution of transactions
using the Individual Agents interface.
Economic Integration and Fee Structure
Individual Agents are not only computational workhorses but also integral economic units within
the Guru Network. They receive fees for successfully completing tasks, with the original liquidity
sourced from the CCIP layer in the form of LINK tokens. These tokens can be locked in theprocess definition smart contract against Guru tokens, which serve multiple financial roles within
the network.
The Guru token acts as a value holder for the fees paid to Individual Agents, ensuring a stableand predictable economic environment. Each task orchestrated within the BBPMN Process hasa price nominated in Guru tokens, akin to gas fees in traditional blockchain transactions. This

pricing mechanism ensures that all transactions and computations are compensated fairly,
promoting sustained participation and growth of the network's capabilities.
Scalability, Security and Network Health
Ensuring the security and compliance of Individual Agents is paramount, given their ability to
execute sensitive and potentially high-stake operations. The Guru Network implements rigorous
security protocols to authenticate and authorize agents, maintaining a trusted environment for
all participants. The decentralized nature of Individual Agents allows the Guru Network to scaleefficiently as demand increases. New agents can be added seamlessly, enhancing the network's
capacity to handle more tasks without compromising performance or security.
●

Data Integrity and Security: Robust cryptographic techniques are employed to securecommunications and transactions between Individual Agents and other network
components, protecting against unauthorized access and ensuring data integrity.

●

Balancing the Ecosystem: The interplay between LINK and Guru tokens within thisframework not only facilitates economic transactions but also helps balance the overall
Guru Network ecosystem, ensuring stability and fostering growth.

Individual Agents Example Applications
Integration of AI and Blockchain in the Guru Network
The fusion of AI and blockchain technologies within the Guru Network creates a robust
framework for enhancing decision-making and data processing capabilities. This hybridarchitecture leverages the strengths of both technologies, leading to operations that are not only
more secure and efficient but also highly scalable.
●

Hybrid Architectures: The BBPA Engines integrate AI to enhance data analysis anddecision-making processes, ensuring that operations are both intelligent and immutable.
This integration provides a strong defense mechanism against fraud and errors, making
the network more resilient.

●

Decentralization and Security: The decentralized nature of blockchain significantly
enhances the security of AI operations. By distributing data and processing acrossmultiple nodes, the network prevents single points of failure and ensures that AI-driven
decisions are both transparent and tamper-proof.

AI-Driven Data Analysis and Decision Making
AI Agents act as decision support systems within the Guru Network, providing advanced data
analysis capabilities that surpass traditional methods.

●

AI as a Decision Support System: Individual AI Agents analyze vast amounts of data
to provide insights that aid in complex decision-making processes. These insights arebacked by the immutable records of the blockchain, ensuring their accuracy andreliability.

●

Automated Responses and Adaptations: AI Agents can automatically respond tochanges in market conditions or network demands. This capability ensures that the Guru
Network remains optimal in its performance, dynamically adapting to internal andexternal shifts without compromising security or efficiency.

Verifiable Truth and Data Integrity
As it was mentioned in [5], the integration of AI with blockchain's cryptographic tools ensuresthat all operations conducted by AI Agents are based on verifiable and immutable data.
●

Cryptographic Truth: The concept of cryptographic truth is pivotal in AI operations,where decisions must be based on data that is not only accurate but also secure fromtampering. This is ensured through cryptographic verifications that validate every pieceof data before it is processed by AI.

●

Blockchain as a Trust Anchor: Blockchain technology serves as a trust anchor in the
Guru Network, providing a solid foundation for AI analyses and decisions. This layer oftrust is crucial for maintaining the integrity and reliability of operations, especially whensensitive data is involved.

Future Proofing and Scalability
The combination of AI and blockchain not only addresses current needs but also prepares the
Guru Network for future challenges and opportunities.
●

Scalability through AI and Blockchain: By leveraging AI for efficient resource
management and predictive capabilities, alongside blockchain for its robustness andsecurity features, the Guru Network is well-positioned to scale effectively. This scalability
extends to handling increased transactions, more complex operations, and growing userbases.

●

Adaptability to Regulatory and Technological Changes: The Guru Network is
designed to be flexible in the face of regulatory and technological shifts. This adaptability
ensures that the network remains compliant and relevant, even as the landscapes ofblockchain and AI evolve.

Chainlink 2.0 Integration

The integration of Chainlink's DON[1] and CCIP[2] into the Guru Network is a fundamental
aspect of the network's architecture, enabling enhanced cross-chain interoperability, securedata integration, and a robust platform for decentralized applications. This collaboration not only
enhances the operational capabilities of the BBPA Engines but also ensures that the network
remains at the forefront of technological advancements in blockchain and oracle services.
Chainlink's Decentralized Oracle Networks (DON)
Chainlink's DON[4] is instrumental in providing real-time data validation and aggregation, whichis essential for decentralized decision-making within the Guru Network. By integrating DON, theGuru Network leverages external, verified data sources to enhance the accuracy and reliabilityof its processes. This capability allows the BBPA Engines to execute operations based on datathat reflects current real-world conditions, ensuring that automated decisions and transactions
are both relevant and timely.
●●

Real-time Data Validation: Ensures that the data used by the BBPA Engines is current
and accurate, minimizing the risk of errors in automated processes.
Data Aggregation: Collects and synthesizes data from multiple sources, enhancing therobustness of the data inputs into the network's decision-making processes.

Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol (CCIP)
The integration of CCIP is a strategic enhancement that facilitates seamless communication andasset transfers across different blockchain environments within the Guru Network. CCIP
enables the Guru Network to maintain a high level of functionality and interoperability acrossvarious blockchain platforms, which is vital for the deployment and operation of decentralized
applications.

●●

Secure Message Transfers: CCIP allows for secure and reliable messaging acrosschains, enabling the BBPA Engines to coordinate and execute tasks efficiently acrossthe networks and Off Chain through BBPA Tasklist managed onto Guru Network.
Asset Transfers: Facilitates the movement of assets across different blockchains,ensuring that transactions are executed smoothly and without the need forintermediaries.

Enhancing BBPA Engines
Through Chainlink's DON and CCIP, the BBPA Engines gain enhanced connectivity andfunctionality. This integration allows the engines to operate more securely and efficiently,
leveraging cross-chain data and functionalities to improve the scalability and responsiveness ofthe network.
●●

Decentralized Decision-Making: Integrates robust, decentralized data into the process
workflows, enabling more accurate and autonomous decision-making.
Improved Security and Reliability: Utilizes Chainlink's secure and reliableinfrastructure to enhance the overall security posture of the Guru Network, protecting
against data tampering and providing consistent network performance.

Native User Facing Applications
The Guru Network offers a suite of native user-facing applications designed to streamline
interactions with blockchain technologies and AI-driven processes. These applications enable
users to engage with the network efficiently and innovate within the ecosystem by utilizing
advanced tools like the Flow Orchestrator, BBPMN Snippets Catalog, and individual agent
configurations. This section outlines these core applications and their functionalities.

Flow Orchestrator

The Flow Orchestrator acts as the BBPA Engines Clusters Control Panel, where users caninitiate projects and begin integrating various components such as Snippets and Individual
Agents. It provides a user-friendly interface that simplifies the creation and management ofprojects, enabling users to customize and automate their workflows effectively. The Flow
Orchestrator serves as a central hub for orchestrating multi-step AI processors and RAG
applications, facilitating the seamless integration of AI and blockchain technologies to optimize
the development process and operations of startup businesses. Flow orchestrator also provides
state monitoring and visibility interface for BBPMN instances.

BBPMN(Blockchain Business Process Management and Notation) Snippets Catalog
The BBPMN Snippets Catalog is a comprehensive repository of BBPMN Process definitions
sourced from various projects within the Guru Network ecosystem. These snippets are available
for public use, allowing users to incorporate tested and proven process automation segments
into their projects. Publishers of these snippets can specify instantiation fees (charged one time
when a user checks out a deployment) and set starting rates for Individual Agents for each task
queue used in the process definition. This catalog not only fosters a collaborative environment
but also accelerates development by providing ready-to-deploy process components.

Snippets provided in a BBPMN diagrams form, available for Users to Instantiate and utilize.
Guru Stack (Block Explorer, Data Warehouse, DeFi Terminal)

The Guru Stack comprises advanced data analytics tools including a Block Explorer, Data
Warehouse, and DeFi Terminal. These tools leverage blockchain data feeds to provide
contextual insights for Individual Agents and orchestration scenarios within the BBPA
framework. The integration of these applications enables users to perform deep data analysis,enhancing the decision-making processes and operational efficiencies of blockchain-based
projects.
Each of these applications is designed to reduce the complexity traditionally associated withblockchain and AI integrations, providing intuitive and accessible tools that empower users toinnovate and create value within the Guru Network. By facilitating easy access to advanced
tools and resources, the Guru Network supports its users from ideation through to market-readydeployment, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of their projects.

Guru Ecosystem
The Guru Network Ecosystem section outlines the strategic use of developer tools and BBPMN
sharing to drive ecosystem growth. By equipping developers with powerful tools and facilitating
the reuse of automation components, the Guru Network aims to accelerate adoption and createa robust, innovative environment for startups and established enterprises alike. The Guru
Developer's toolset, consisting of the Guru Framework SDK and Individual Agent Builder, iscentral to this strategy. These tools facilitate the creation and deployment of decentralized
applications and AI processes, enhancing the network's value through increased adoption andusage.
Adoption and Usage: Driving Ecosystem Growth
The core product of any network is its adoption and usage. For the Guru Network, this means
providing developers with a robust set of tools that simplify the integration of blockchain and AI
technologies. The Guru Framework SDK offers a comprehensive suite of functionalities forbuilding and deploying dApps and AI-driven processes, while the Individual Agent Builder allows
for the customization and deployment of agents tailored to specific tasks within the ecosystem.
BBPMN Sharing: Horizontal Franchise Distribution
A key feature of the ecosystem's growth strategy is the sharing of Blockchain Business Process
Management and Notation ( BBPMN) components among businesses. This approach allows forthe horizontal distribution of processes, starting with simple applications like chat and support
bots. Over time, this can expand to include a broader range of processes as the ecosystemmatures. By enabling businesses to share and reuse BBPMN components, the Guru Network
facilitates the efficient distribution of proven solutions, significantly reducing development timeand costs.

Ecosystem Governance
Ecosystem projects from vendors and clients are planned to have governance stake in the
GURU Network Ecosystem. The exact framework of the future governance system will be
provided at a later date, before the mainnet launch. The main mechanics and governed“handles” would be tested during the Testnet phase.
Building the Integrators Layer in the Guru Network Ecosystem
In the Guru Network ecosystem, the Integrators Layer serves as a pivotal middle layer,
facilitating seamless interactions between businesses and the core technologies of the Guru
Network, particularly the Guru Network/Flow Orchestrator. This layer is designed to streamline
the integration of blockchain and AI functionalities into business processes, enabling enterprises
to harness the full potential of these technologies without needing deep technical expertise.
Here's how this layer enhances the ecosystem:
Simplifying Complex Integrations

The Integrators Layer acts as a bridge that simplifies the process of connecting businessapplications with the blockchain and AI capabilities offered by the Guru Network. It abstracts thecomplexities involved in configuring and maintaining blockchain interactions and AI
orchestration, making it easier for businesses to implement advanced technologies.
●

APIs and SDKs: Provides a set of robust APIs and SDKs that allow businesses toquickly integrate their systems with the Guru Network. These tools are designed to beflexible and user-friendly, accommodating the diverse needs of different industries andbusiness sizes.

●

Pre-built Templates and Components: Offers a library of pre-configured templates andcomponents that can be used to automate common business processes. These
ready-to-use elements speed up deployment and reduce the risk of errors in
implementing new technologies.

Enhancing Business Process Automation
By connecting with the Flow Orchestrator, the Integrators Layer enables businesses to design,modify, and deploy automated workflows tailored to their specific operational requirements. Thisconnection ensures that the orchestration of tasks is both efficient and scalable.
●

Custom Workflow Creation: Businesses can create custom workflows that incorporate
AI-driven decisions and blockchain-verified transactions. This capability is crucial forindustries that require dynamic response systems based on real-time data analysis.

●

Scalability and Flexibility: The layer supports scaling up or down based on thebusiness demand, providing flexibility in resource utilization and cost management.

Streamlining Cross-Chain Operations
One of the key advantages of the Integrators Layer is its ability to facilitate smooth cross-chaininteractions. This feature is essential for businesses operating in environments wheretransactions and data need to flow across different blockchain platforms.
●

Cross-Chain Compatibility: Ensures that business processes can interact acrossdifferent blockchains without the need for complex coding or multiple intermediaryservices. This compatibility is crucial for operations like token transfers, data verification,and executing smart contracts on various platforms.

Driving Adoption and Innovation
The Integrators Layer not only simplifies the integration process but also drives adoption bylowering the entry barrier for businesses new to blockchain and AI.

●Innovation Enablement: Encourages innovation by allowing businesses to experimentwith blockchain and AI features without significant upfront investment in infrastructure or
specialized skills.

●

Community and Support: Provides ongoing support and development updates,
ensuring that businesses can stay up-to-date with the latest advancements in blockchain
and AI technologies.

Future Toolset Enhancements
The Guru Network plans to continuously extend the developer's toolset. Future enhancements
will build on the existing SDK and Agent Builder, introducing new features and capabilities that
respond to evolving developer needs and technological advancements. These extensions will
ensure that the Guru Network remains at the forefront of blockchain and AI integration,
providing developers with the tools they need to innovate and succeed.

Phases of Detalization: Migrating BBPMN Engine to On-Chain Operations
The migration of the Guru Network's BBPA Engine to fully on-chain operations is structured into
distinct phases. Each phase is designed to incrementally shift more functionalities from
centralized BBPA engines to decentralized blockchain systems, effectively managing thetransition while mitigating decentralization costs. Here's an in-depth look at each phase and thearchitectural considerations involved:
Phase One: Initial On-Chain Integration●●●

Objective: Begin the transition by migrating basic BBPMN functionalities that benefit
most from blockchain’s immutability and transparency.
Steps Involved:○ Select core BBPMN elements such as event handling and decision tasks for
initial migration.
○ Implement smart contracts to handle these elements, ensuring they operate
effectively within the blockchain environment.
○ Establish a monitoring system to assess the performance and security
implications of on-chain operations.
Architecture Considerations:○ Develop lightweight smart contracts to minimize the load on the network.
○ Ensure that these contracts can communicate seamlessly with centralized
systems to maintain operational continuity.

Phase Two: Intermediate Detalization●●

Objective: Expand the range of BBPMN functionalities migrated to the blockchain,
integrating more complex processes and enhancing the system's decentralized
decision-making capabilities.
Steps Involved:○●Gradually migrate additional BBPMN components such as intermediate event
handling, complex gateway logic, and subprocess integrations.
○ Test and optimize the performance of these components in the blockchain
environment.
○ Begin to decentralize control and data validation processes to enhance security
and reliability.
Architecture Considerations:○ Design modular smart contracts that can be easily updated and maintained.
○ Implement decentralized data validation techniques to ensure the integrity ofprocess executions.

Phase Three: Full On-Chain Operation●●●

Objective: Achieve complete migration of the BBPA Engine to the blockchain, enabling
fully decentralized process automation with robust scalability and adaptability.
Steps Involved:○ Transfer all remaining BBPMN functionalities to the blockchain, including
advanced modeling capabilities like dynamic process instantiation and complex
data transformations.
○ Fully decentralized process management and execution monitoring.
○ Conduct comprehensive testing to ensure that the fully on-chain BBPMN Engine
meets all operational, security, and compliance requirements.
Architecture Considerations:○ Employ advanced blockchain features such as sharding or layer-2 solutions tomanage increased transaction loads without compromising performance.
○ Enhance smart contract architectures to support complex, stateful BBPMN
operations while maintaining efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

Managing Decentralization Costs
As more operations transition to the blockchain, the number of transactions and thecomputational demands on the Guru Network will inevitably increase. To mitigate the associatedcosts:●●●●

Optimize Transaction Efficiency: Implement gas optimization strategies in smart
contract development to reduce the cost of transactions.
Scalable Network Infrastructure: Consider adopting scalable blockchain infrastructure,such as layer-2 solutions or side chains, to handle increased loads without significant
cost increases.
Incremental Deployment and Testing: Ensure that each phase includes rigorous
testing and feedback loops to optimize the deployment of on-chain components without
overwhelming the network.
Economic Models for Transaction Costs: Develop and refine economic models thatbalance transaction costs with network incentives to maintain an affordable andsustainable ecosystem.

Through these carefully structured phases and thoughtful architectural strategies, the Guru
Network aims to harness the full potential of blockchain technology, achieving a decentralized,
secure, and scalable BBPMN Engine that drives the future of business process automation.

Tokenomics and Interoperability$LINK and $GURU tokens are interconnected within the Guru Network supportinginteroperability, facilitating oracle services, and automating business processes. $LINK tokens
are primarily utilized for accessing Chainlink's oracle services, ensuring the reliability andsecurity of external data necessary for network operations. $GURU tokens used fororchestration fees, accessing network services, and providing incentives for network
participants.
●

Dual Token Functionality: LINK tokens are primarily used for Chainlink oracle services,vital for accessing external data and executing decentralized computations within the
Guru Network. Guru tokens, meanwhile, function as the main utility token within the
network, used for transactions, accessing network services, and participant incentives.

●

Token Roles in Interoperability: $Guru tokens facilitate interoperability across the Guru
Network by serving as the medium for transaction fees, payment for services, andgovernance participation. This functionality ensures seamless operations across different
blockchain environments and enhances the network’s adaptability to user and market
demands.

●

Orchestrated Actions and Tokenized Assets: Business processes within the Guru
Network are automated and secured using tokenized assets and data verified through
Chainlink’s DON. This setup ensures that actions, such as BBPA operations, are bothreliable and based on immutable data, enhancing both security and efficiency.

●Automating Business Processes: The integration of LINK and Guru tokens enables
the automation of complex business processes, leveraging the security andtransparency inherent in blockchain technology. This ensures the integrity and reliabilityof automated operations within the Guru Network.

●

Staking Options for Ecosystem Projects: Projects within the Guru Network,
particularly those whose operations and cash flows are predominantly denominated in
Guru tokens, have the option to participate in staking mechanisms. Staking Guru tokens
not only supports the network's security and operational efficiency but also provides
projects with a steady return, helping manage their main expenses. This staking model isdesigned to stabilize the network's economy by locking tokens, reducing circulation
supply, and aligning the interests of various stakeholders with the long-term success ofthe network.

●

Tokenomics Details TBD: Exact details regarding the tokenomics are to be determined
and will be thoroughly tested during the Testnet phase of the Guru Network. This testing
phase will help refine the token model to ensure it effectively supports the network’sfunctionality and growth objectives.

These elements of tokenomics create a robust economic framework that supports a secure,interoperable, and scalable environment within the Guru Network, enabling it to adapt effectively
to future challenges and opportunities.

Advanced Features and Future Enhancements
This section of the white paper elaborates on the advanced features and future enhancements
planned for the Guru Network. As the network evolves, it will integrate more complex blockchain
applications, specifically in the realms of Decentralized Finance (DeFi), lending, bridging
markets, and cooperative BBPA Engine-dApp modes, fostering a richer ecosystem. Thoseenhancements only extend the functionality and reach of the Guru Network but also to foster adynamic and innovative ecosystem where developers and users can collaboratively create andbenefit from advanced blockchain solutions.
Expanding into DeFi, Lending, and Bridging Markets
The Guru Network aims to deeply integrate with DeFi applications to support various financial
activities such as lending and liquidity provision. This will facilitate seamless value transfers
across blockchain networks and introduce advanced bridging capabilities to enhance asset
interoperability. Such integrations will enable users to leverage their assets in a variety offinancial services directly within the Guru Network.
Cooperative BBPA Engine-dApp Modes

The network will enhance its infrastructure to support a cooperative model between BBPA
Engines and decentralized applications. Key developments include:●●

Customizable Flow Orchestrators: Users will be able to manage and customize
workflows directly from their wallets, integrating AI processors and leveraging blockchain
technology to automate complex business processes.
Wallet Integration for Personalized AI Services: Future wallet developments will
include functionalities like " Earn When Idle," allowing wallets to execute Individual Agent
computation tasks, turning idle wallet resources into productive assets within theecosystem.

User-Facing Application Enhancements
Building on the existing suite of user-facing applications, the Guru Network plans to introduce
more intuitive and powerful tools:●●

Flow Orchestrator Enhancements: Further development of the Flow Orchestrator tofacilitate the integration and management of BBPA components like Snippets andIndividual Agents.
Expanded BBPA Snippets Catalog: The catalog will grow to include a wider array ofprocess definitions, enhancing public access and usability, which accelerates
collaborative development and reuse within the ecosystem.

Technological Roadmap and Integration with Chainlink●●

Enhanced Cross-Chain Communication: Future versions will include improved
cross-chain communication capabilities, enabling more fluid and secure interactions
across different blockchain platforms.
Deeper Integration with Chainlink: Leveraging the evolving Chainlink technology
stack, the Guru Network will incorporate advanced oracle services to enhance data
accuracy and decision-making processes across its applications.

Security and ComplianceThis section of the white paper elaborates on the security frameworks and compliancemeasures implemented within the Guru Network to safeguard data and transactions acrossdiverse blockchain environments. Drawing from the architectural and security principles outlined
in Chainlink's decentralized oracle network, the Guru Network incorporates robust mechanisms
to mitigate risks associated with decentralized operations and cross-chain interactions.
Inheriting Chainlink's Security Architecture
The Guru Network adopts Chainlink’s comprehensive approach to security, integrating
decentralized oracles to reduce reliance on any single point of failure, thereby enhancing theoverall security of the network. This integration ensures that data feeding into smart contracts isaccurate and tamper-proof, crucial for maintaining the integrity and reliability of automatedbusiness processes.
Decentralization and Risk Mitigation
By distributing both data sources and oracle services, the Guru Network minimizes risks
associated with centralized systems. This method not only diversifies the data validation points
but also spreads out potential security threats, making the system more resilient against attacks
or failures at any single point.
Compliance with Emerging Regulations
The Guru Network is designed to comply with existing and emerging blockchain regulations.
Regular audits, adherence to security best practices, and a framework aligned with global
regulatory requirements ensure that the network remains secure and compliant. This
compliance is critical for fostering user trust and facilitating wider adoption.
Enhanced Cross-Chain Security Features
Security measures extend to managing cross-chain data transfers and interactions, which areintegral to the network's operations. By utilizing Chainlink’s security services, including its
decentralized computation and aggregation techniques, the Guru Network ensures that data
integrity is maintained across multiple blockchain platforms.

Roadmap

Phase 1: Foundation and Initial Deployment●●●

Launch of $Guru Token: Introduction of the ecosystem's native currency to facilitatetransactions and incentivize participation.
Initial Chainlink CCIP Integration: Begin the integration of Chainlink's Cross-Chain
Interoperability Protocol to enhance the foundational cross-chain functionalities.
Deployment of BBPA Engine as a Web Service: Establish the BBPA Engine initially asa centralized web service to streamline early adoption and interface simplicity.

Phase 2: Expansion and Integration●●

Core Architecture Development:○ Deepening Integration with Chainlink CCIP: Enhance the integration depthwith Chainlink's CCIP to improve cross-chain operations and data accuracy.
○ Process Definition Factory Smart Contract: Implement and deploy a smart
contract that acts as an oracle, dynamically managing the state of multiple BBPA
Engines within the cluster based on decentralized oracle network (DON)
executions.
○ Decentralization Coefficient Implementation: Introduce a decentralization
coefficient within the process definition requests to ensure multiple instances canrun concurrently or gather data across several instances, increasing reliability
and decentralization.
Growing Ecosystem Adoption through Integrators Layer: Increasing the adoption
and utility of the integrators layer to foster broader ecosystem growth.

Phase 3: Decentralization and Scaling●●●

Decentralization of BBPA Engines: Transition the BBPA Engines from a centralized
web service model to a fully decentralized architecture, enhancing trust and reducing
central points of failure.
Scalability Improvements: Enhancements to the infrastructure to handle increased
load and transaction volume, ensuring the network remains efficient and responsive.
Enhancement of Individual Agent Capabilities:○ Individual Agents as Computational Oracles: Develop and deploy Individual
Agents to operate as computational oracles within the Guru Network, utilizing
architecture that supports temporary centralization measures during scaling.

Phase 4: Maturation and Optimization●●●

Full Integration of AI Compute Tasks: Seamlessly integrate AI compute tasks toenhance the network's processing capabilities and data handling efficiency.
Refinement of Economic Models and Token Utility: Final adjustments to the
network's economic strategies to ensure long-term viability and participant engagement.
Optimizing BBPA Engine and Chainlink Integration:○ Finalizing Decentralized Architecture: Ensure that all BBPA Engines operatewith full decentralization, with optimal security and performance standards.
○ Expanding Cross-Chain Functionalities: Broaden the scope of cross-chain
functionalities to include more blockchains and increase interoperability.

References
1. Ellis, S., Juels, A., and Nazarov, S. "ChainLink: A Decentralized Oracle Network." 4September 2017. Available at: ChainLink Whitepaper v1.0.
2. Breidenbach, L., Cachin, C., Chan, B., Coventry, A., Ellis, S., Juels, A., Koushanfar, F.,
Miller, A., Magauran, B., Moroz, D., Nazarov, S., Topliceanu, A., Tram`er, F., Zhang, F.
"Chainlink 2.0: Next Steps in the Evolution of Decentralized Oracle Networks." 15 April
2021. Available at: Chainlink 2.0 Whitepaper v1.0.
3. Nazarov, S., Shukla, P., Erwin, A., and Rajput, A. Bridging the governance gap:
Interoperability for blockchain and legacy systems. World Economic Forum whitepaper,
Dec. 2020. Available at: Bridging the Governance Gap: Interoperability for blockchain
and legacy systems.
4. Peterson, J., Krug, J., Zoltu, M., Williams, A., and Alexander, S. Augur: a decentralized
oracle and prediction market platform (v2.0), 2019. Available at: Whitepaper.
5. Video titled "The Intersection of Blockchain and AI | Sergey Nazarov & Eric Schmidt
Fireside SmartCon 2023". Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PaWhirzusEs
6. BPMN(Business Process Management And Notation) standard. Available at:https://www.bpmn.org/

Glossary
●
●

●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●

AI (Artificial Intelligence): The simulation of human intelligence in machines that areprogrammed to think and learn like humans.
BBPA Engines (Business Process Automation Engines): Software systems that
automate complex business processes across various industries using blockchain
technology.
CCIP (Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol): A protocol designed to enable secureand efficient transfers of data and assets across different blockchain networks.
Chainlink DON (Decentralized Oracle Network): A network that provides reliable,
tamper-proof inputs and outputs for complex smart contracts on any blockchain.
dApp (Decentralized Application): An application that runs on a decentralized network,
avoiding a single point of failure.
Guru Tokens: The native cryptocurrency used within the Guru Network, employed fortransactions, governance, and incentive mechanisms.
LINK Tokens: The cryptocurrency associated with Chainlink, used to pay for services
within the Chainlink network.
Node: A computer connected to the blockchain network, which supports the network
through validation and relaying of transactions.
Oracle: A bridge between blockchain and the real world, providing data to theblockchain that cannot be generated internally.
Smart Contract: A self-executing contract with the terms of the agreement directly
written into lines of code, stored and executed on the blockchain.
Tokenomics: The economics related to the creation, distribution, and consumption ofdigital tokens within a blockchain ecosystem.

Appendix: Example Ecosystem Applications

1. dApp Developers:○

Utilize blockchain data dashboards and pages as no-code solutions integrated
directly into front-ends.
○ Employ ready-to-use, battle-tested process snippets for rapid, low-code
development.
○ Handle asynchronous user interactions or support scenarios via a task list
interface.
2. RAG Applications Developers and AI Models Providers:
○
○

3.

4.

5.

6.

Leverage a variety of supported models and providers within the ecosystem.
Use templates for easy integration of GPT-type requests, distributed acrosscompute nodes.
○ Create, store, and query embeddings for RAG context to enhance application
functionality.
Network Participants:○ Operate as validator nodes, providing consensus, governance, AI model, anddata verification services.
○ Earn computation fees through Contract Secured Revenue by running AI models.
○ Utilize the Guru Wallet SDK to run compute tasks, enhancing participation andearnings.
Enterprise Applications:○ Integrate RAG mechanics for blockchain transactions, assets, and data
dashboards directly into enterprise systems.
○ Enhance business processes with AI-driven insights and automation, promoting
efficiency and innovation.
SocialFi Applications:○ Orchestrate social mechanics and gamify application experiences to facilitate
seamless blockchain onboarding.
○ Use orchestrated multi-step AI models to create engaging and interactive user
experiences.
Chatbots and Personal Assistants:

○

Develop chatbots for platforms like Telegram and Discord using the SDK,
enabling easy orchestration of tasks and AI interactions.
○ Implement non-custodial execution features for secure, decentralized operationof chatbots and personal assistants.
7. GAMEDev Tooling:○ Provide game developers with tools to focus on game design and mechanics
rather than financial and AI orchestration aspects.
○ Utilize AI for game item generation and management, integrating blockchain
functionalities seamlessly.

Disclaimer

This paper is for general information purposes only. It does not constitute investment advice or arecommendation or solicitation to buy or sell any investment and should not be used in theevaluation of the merits of making any investment decision. It should not be relied upon foraccounting, legal or tax advice or investment recommendations. This paper reflects current
opinions of the authors and is not made on behalf of Guru, or their affiliates and does notnecessarily reflect the opinions of Guru, their affiliates or individuals associated with them. The
opinions reflected herein are subject to change without being updated.