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The Japanese Journal of American Studies, No. 15 (2004)

English-Language Works by JAAS Members
2002
The following citations and abstracts introduce recent publications and dissertations, written in English by the members of the Japanese Association for
American Studies, on topics related to American Studies. The works are listed
in the order of articles in journals, articles in books, books, and dissertations.

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS
Fujita, Hideki. “The Initiatory Journey in Stand by Me,” Journal of the Faculties
of Humanities (Toyama University) 37 (2002): 121–29.
In Stand by Me, an American ﬁlm which portrays an adventurous journey made by fourboys, the design of incidents that the boys encounter bears obvious parallels to the pattern of initiation rites. This article seeks to show that Stand by Me revolves around thetheme of initiation.

Fujita, Hideki. “The Encounter with the Nocturnal Side of the Psyche: Truman
Capote’s ‘A Tree of Night’,” Journal of the Faculties of Humanities (Toyama
University) 36 (2002): 141–47.
Truman Capote’s “A Tree of Night” describes the gradual disintegration of the heroine
through the encounter with a strangely familiar “other,” which is personiﬁed by the freakish couple she meets on the night train. This story revolves around her oscillation between
the horror of dissolution by the “other” and the pleasure of incorporation in the “other.”273

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Hashikawa, Kenryu. “A Grist Mill and Its Two Markets: Wheat and CityCountry Relationship in the New York-Philadelphia Area during the 1780s,”
Paciﬁc and American Studies (University of Tokyo) 2 (Mar. 2002): 163–181.
Through an intensive analysis of letters and account books of a grist mill owner in central New Jersey in the 1780s, this article identiﬁes pattern of wheat purchase and ﬂourdelivery, and shows that ﬂour milling was fast becoming an interregional industry even
before the onset of the market revolution.

Hashikawa, Kenryu. “Cordwood, Steamboats, and the Men in between: A
Portrait of Early Rural Entrepreneurship in Central New Jersey, 1813–1816,”
New Jersey History 120: 1–2 (Spring/Summer 2002): 3–31.
This article portrays a short-lived venture in New Jersey in providing cordwood for earlysteamboats. Characterized by the ease with which it was commenced and the lack of fullcommitment by almost everyone involved, this enterprise emblematizes the ﬂexibility
and limits of the rural economic world during the early republic.

Ishihara, Tsuyoshi. “American Reactions to September 11th: A Japanese Pointof View,” Yale-China Journal of American Studies (Yale-China Association)
3 (2002): 30–32.
This essay critically examines the cultural and nationalistic effects of September 11th
on America as perceived by a foreign student in the United States. In particular, it shows
the ways in which American capitalism utilized the nationwide nationalistic fervor to its
advantage for its gain after the attacks.

Ishii, Noriko. “Crossing Boundaries of Womanhood: Professionalization andAmerican Women Missionaries’ Quest for Higher Education in Meiji Japan,”
Journal of American and Canadian Studies (Institute of American and CanadianStudies, Sophia University) 19 (2001): 85–122.
Drawing on missionary correspondence, the article argues that the chief impetus thatmade the expansion of Kobe College possible in 1894 amid heightening xenophobia andincreasing state control of girls’ education in Meiji Japan was the “professionalization”
of women missionaries who sought for ways to utilize their college education and expertise in response to Japanese demand for girls’ advanced education.

Katagiri, Yasuhiro. “ ‘But the People Aren’t Going to Know It, Are They?’: The
Clyde Kennard Incident in Mississippi and the Redemption of a Southern
University,” Humanities in the South (Southern Humanities Council) 89 (2002):
84–95.
This article deals with a black veteran’s endeavors to enroll at the all-white Mississippi
Southern College in the late 1950s. Although the Clyde Kennard story has been overshadowed by the well-publicized 1962 desegregation crisis involving James H. Meredithat the University of Mississippi, it nevertheless is too important, and too tragic, to be left
out of the history of Mississippi’s civil rights movement.

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Kobayashi, Fukuko. “Producing Asian American Spaces: From Cultural Nation
to the Space of Hybridity as Represented in Texts by Asian American Writers,”
Japanese Journal of American Studies (Japanese Association for American
Studies) 13 (2002): 63–81.
I have traced the following three kinds of Asian American spaces represented in Asian
American literary texts: 1) spaces of cultural nationalism, 2) spaces of mothers anddaughters, 3) spaces of hybridity. Of these three I have paid special attention to the last,which I designate as a “Third Space.”

Kotani, Mari. “Across the Multiverse: How Do Aliens Travel from ‘Divisional’
Space to ‘Network’ Space?” Japanese Journal of American Studies (Japanese
Association for American Studies) 13 (2002): 157–170.
Postmodern aliens today have all transferred from divisional space to network space,pioneering the potentiality of the multiverse. From this perspective, this paper starts byanalyzing Myrick and Sanchez’s cult movie, and reappraises a number of feminist science ﬁction writers such as James Tiptree, Jr., Eleanor Arnason, Melissa Scott, Jewelle
Gomez, and Pat Cadigan.

Kotani, Mari. “Space, Body, and Aliens in Japanese Women’s Science Fiction.”
Science-Fiction Studies (Depauw University) 29,3 (November 2002, special“Japanese Science Fiction” issue co-edited by Takayuki Tatsumi, Christopher
Bolton and Istvan Csicsery-Ronay): 397–417.
Women’s SF in Japan contains many depictions and expressions of the body. This paper
focuses on three themes recurrent in a number of works in order to examine the historyof Japanese women’s SF: 1) The Utopia of Women; 2) The Transformation of Women
into Monsters; 3) The Alteration of Masculinity.

Leyda, Julia. “Black-Audience Westerns and the Politics of Cultural Identiﬁcation in the 1930s,” Cinema Journal (Society for Cinema Studies, Universityof Texas Press) 42,1 (2002): 46–70.
This essay argues that the black-audience musical westerns of the late 1930s attempted
to reconﬁgure African American national identity in their casting but also by strategically using anachronism and geographical juxtaposion. These westerns created a dual
present by using the trope of contemporary Harlem alongside the nineteenth-century setting, thereby ironically echoing the western expansionist movement in a cinematic
African American West.

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Leyda, Julia. “Home on the Range: Space, Nation, and Mobility in John Ford’s
The Searchers,” Japanese Journal of American Studies (Japanese Association
for American Studies) 13 (2002): 83–106.
This article proposes a spatial understanding of John Ford’s The Searchers (1956), taking into account the dual resonances of the term “domestic” as public-meaning national as opposed to international—and private—referring to the home rather than the public sphere. As the movie visually represents the raced and gendered oppositions between
inside and outside, it constructs the family as a metonym for the nation: embattled but
resolute, protected by the warrior ﬁgure of John Wayne’s character Ethan.

Maekawa, Reiko. “Against the Stream: Japanese Women’s Transpaciﬁc Journeys,” Human and Environmental Studies (Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University) 11 (2002): 1–15.
This paper traces the transpaciﬁc journeys of three Japanese women, namely, Yamada
Waka, Miyamoto Yuriko, and Ishigaki Ayako. It explores the manifold implications of
their literal and symbolic journeys and the new possibilities and contradictions they facedat each stage.

Matsuda, Hikaru. “Representation of Class Distinctions in George Stevens’s A
Place in the Sun (1951),” Bulletin of Tokyo Junshin Women’s College 6 (2002):
13–26.
This article analyzes the representation of class distinctions in George Stevens’s A Placein the Sun in terms of naturalism, illusionism and realism, which he employed in order
to express the anxiety and frustration of working-class Americans of the early 1950s.

Matsumura, Masayoshi. “Japan Calling: The Origins and Early Days of the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs Information Department in the Early 1920s.”
Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan (Asiatic Society of Japan) Fourth
Series 16 (December 2002), 51–70.
In the early twentieth century, following lukewarm Western press reactions to theJapanese military intervention in the Boxer Rising and a strong propaganda offensive by
the Chinese delegation at Versailles, Japan needed to make some kind of organizedresponse, This paper examines the process with which the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Information Department and the Cabinet Information Bureau were formed in 1921 and
1940, respectively.

Miyao, Daisuke. “Before Anime: Animation and The Pure Film Movement in
Prewar Japan,” Japan Forum (Routledge) 14,2 (2002): 191–209.
This article looks at animation in conjunction with jun’eigageki undo, the Pure Film
Movement, that tried to follow American/European ways of ﬁlmmaking and challenged
the popular mainstream commercial ﬁlm industry to advocate the birth of ‘Japanese cinema’ in Taisho Japan. At that time, animation was not deﬁned as distinct from cinema
in terms of social regulations or production concerns.

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Miyao, Daisuke. “Triple Consciousness: Sessue Hayakawa at the Haworth
Pictures Corporation,” Paciﬁc and American Studies (University of Tokyo) 2(March 2002): 129–45.
Japanese actor Sessue Hayakawa established Haworth Pictures Corporation, his own
production company, in 1918. This article focuses on the conﬂicting images in
Hayakawa’s stardom. Following W.E.B. DuBois’s concept of “double consciousness,”
it discusses Hayakawa’s activity from the perspective of his “triple consciousness”:
Hayakawa himself as a star, American (including Japanese-American) audiences, andJapanese spectators.

Nagashima, Keiichi. “The Legacy of Patriotic Reporting in the U.S. after 9.11:
Where American Values are Going,” NHK Monthly Report on Broadcast
Research (NHK Broadcasting Research Institute) 9 (2002): 82–101.
The assessment of the paths and arguments adopted by patriotic reporting in the U.S.
media following the September 11 terrorist attacks reveals close connections with a basic
awareness of American values. This paper considers the relationships among the media,
public opinion and American values that help to deﬁne the principles of the American
nation.

Ogata, Fusako. “Does Elizabeth Cady Stanton Translate into Japanese Terms?:
Fusae Ichikawa and American Feminism,” Tezukayama University Bulletin of
Humanities 10 (October 2002): 1–17.
In this paper, I compare Fusae Ichikawa, the leader of the Japanese women’s suffrage
movement, with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, one of the most renowned women suffragists
in the United States. I also examine how Ichikawa interacted with and was inﬂuenced
by the suffragist Alice Paul during her stay in the U.S. in the early 1920s.

Oikawa, Masahiro. “All My Sons as Precursor in Arthur Miller’s DramaticWorld,” Ritsumeikan Annual Review of International Studies (International
Studies Association of Ritsumeikan University) 1 (2002): 99–120.
Arthur Miller’s play All My Sons (1947) encompasses such themes as father-son conﬂict and the pursuit of success, using various techniques such as the Ibsenite method ofdramatization and the invocation of the Oedipus drama. Taking these themes and techniques into account, this paper explains why Miller’s message in All My Sons is significant for Japanese audiences.

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Orishima, Masashi. “Immersed in Palpable Darkness: Republican Virtue andthe Spatial Topography of Charles Brockden Brown’s Arthur Mervyn.”
Japanese Journal of American Studies, (Japanese Association for American
Studies) 13 (2002): 7–23.
This article takes up one of Charles Brockden Brown’s major works, Arthur Mervyn,
paying close attention to Mervyn its protagonist. Based on close textual analysis ofBrown’s works, it points out that Mervyn is often trapped in totally dark spaces, andsmell and that from his shielded space devoid of tactile sensation, it is quite difﬁcult toreach out for what Benedict Anderson calls “imagined community,” a nationally coimagined space of commerce, politics, and Republican virtue.

Tatsumi, Takayuki. “The Japanoid Manifesto: Toward a New Poetics of Invisible Culure.” Review of Contemporary Fiction (Dalkey Archive Press, IL) 22,2
(July 2002, the special “New Japanese Fiction” issue co-edited by Takayuki
Tatsumi, Larry McCaffery and Sinda Gregory): 12–18.
In considering the contemporary Japan-US intersection, it is necessary to begin with anunderstanding of the unique construction of chimeric, heterogenous, post-imperial
Japanese identity, what I would like to designate “Japanoid.” This article was written asa preface to the special “New Japanese Fiction” issue of the journal co-edited by theauthor.

Tatsumi, Takayuki. “Editorial Afterword. A Slow Time Machine; From Translation to Transﬁguration.” Science-Fiction Studies (SF-TH Inc. at DePauw
University) 29,3 (November 2002, the special “Japanese Science Fiction issue
co-edited by Takayuki Tatsumi, Christopher Bolton and Istvan CsicseryRonay): 475–484.
Japanese culture inspired English-speaking cyberpunk writers, but the translation was
not a one-way street. I illustrate this point with the translation and stylization of Yoshio
Aramaki’s New Wave short story “Soft Clocks” (1968–72). Note that this article also
serves as the editorial afterword to the special Japanese Science Fiction issue of the journal co-edited by the author himself.

Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Imagined America in Occupied Japan: (Re-)Education Films
Shown by the U.S. Occupation Forces to the Japanese, 1948–1952,” Japanese
Journal of American Studies (Japanese Association for American Studies) 13(2002): 193–213.
Based on the research in the Motion Pictures Division of the U.S. National Archives,
this article explores how the occupation forces disseminated the state-sanctioned, idealized images of the U.S. through “educational ﬁlms.” It has also examined the Japanese
reception of the ﬁlms, and concluded that the audiences selectively accepted the encoded messages.

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Tsuneyama, Nahoko. “Americanization of Shakespeare: A Cultural History
through Three Posters” Japanese Journal of American Studies (Japanese
Association for American Studies) 13 (2002): 171–92.
This paper discusses the turbulent history of Shakespeare in America exempliﬁed by theepisode of P.T. Barnum’s attempted purchase of the Bard’s birthplace in the 1840s andits account by Mark Twain in Following the Equator (1897). It analyzes the way in which
the American ‘popular’ theatrical scene appropriated the Bard according to the changing socio-political and economical conditions of the time.

Wells, Keiko. “A Study of Shin Buddhist Song Lyrics Sung in the United States:
Their History and Expressed Buddhist Images (1) 1898–1939, (2) 1939–2001,”
Paciﬁc and American Studies (University of Tokyo) 2 (2002): 75–99, 3 (2003):
41–64.
The history of the creation of Shin (Jodoshinshu) Buddhist songs in the United Statesshows the way in which Japanese Buddhist culture has found a place in JapaneseAmerican Buddhist culture. This paper clariﬁes that songs sung by a large number ofpeople tend to express traditional sentiment, but their implications may vary according
to the ideas and experiences of song writers.

Yagasaki, Noritaka. “Spatial Organization of Japanese Immigrant Communities: Spontaneous Settlements and Planned Colonies in the Northern San
Joaquin Valley, California,” Japanese Journal of American Studies (Japanese
Association for American Studies) 13 (2002): 45–62.
This article explores the way in which Japanese immigrants organized their space in theAmerican host society by examining the settlement processes in the northern San Joaquin
Valley, California. Spontaneous settlements and planned colonies had different formsof spatial organization, which were schematically represented with boundary, domain,and node.

Yokota, Kazunori. “Black Shadow of Manipulation: On Benito Cereno,” SkyHawk (Melville Study Center in Japan) 18 (2002): 31–44.
This study inquires into the deceptiveness of appearances, one of the timeless Melvillian
themes, beginning from the consideration of slavery in America Through an examination of four main characters, it analyzes the reversal of the order of master and servant,and argues that Babo’s deceptive performances were related essentially to human evil.

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Yoshida, Yoshinori. “Andrew Jackson and Native American Policy: The Removal of the Cherokees,” Sekai no mado (Institute for World Affairs and Cultures, Kyoto Sangyou University) 17 (2002): 13–28.
In this article the author tries to answer the following questions. In what way were termination and relocation policies, originating from experience gained during the successful British colonization of Ireland, applied in the US Indian policy? Did the War of1812 truly mark the beginning of the isolation policy? Were the lands on the reservationin the Indian Territory really considered suited to the settling Native Americans at thetime?

Yoshida, Yoshinori. “Thomas Jefferson and the Agrarian Myth,” Acta Humanistica et Scientiﬁca Universitatis Sangio Kyotiensis (Faculty of Cultural Studies,
Kyoto Sangyou University) 1 (2002): 52–85.
Did Jefferson, considered the protagonist of the American Agrarian myth, encourage
Americans to engage only in farming? In this paper, the author analyzes the Jeffersonian
theorization of the agrarian myth, in connection with manufactures, commerce and navigation, which, together with agriculture, constituted the four pillars of the United Statesin his time.

ARTICLES IN BOOKS
Hones, Sheila. “What We Can Say About Nature: Familiar Geographies, Science Fiction and Popular Physics.” In ‘Lost in Space’: Geographies of Science
Fiction, edited by Rob Kitchin and James Kneale, 156–66. London: Athlone
Press, 2002.
This is a discussion of the use of conventional geographical imagery in descriptions ofabstract space-time. It compares the effectiveness of science ﬁction and of popular science in rendering accessible, through conventional text forms and narratives, unconventional ways of conceptualizing time and space.

Hones, Sheila and Leyda, Julia. “Critical Geography and Critical Reading.” In
3rd International Conference of Critical Geography, edited by Judit Timár and
Gábor Nagy, 95–100. Békéscsaba, Hungary: Centre for Regional Studies of the
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2002.
This co-authored paper engages with the ways in which common-sense non-specialist
understandings of the nature and signiﬁcance of ‘geography’ become incorporated intoand reproduced through engagements with narrative ﬁction. Working with the exampleof F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby, the paper directs critical attention
towards the mutually inﬂuential relationship between geographical assumptions and particular practices in the reading, criticism, and teaching of literary text.

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Iino, Masako. “Licenced Agencies for Relief in Asia: Relief Materials andNikkei Populations in the United States and Canada. In New Worlds, New Lives:
Globalization and People of Japanese Descent in the Americas and from Latin
America in Japan, eds. Lane Ryo Hirabayashi, Akemi Kikumura-Yano & James
Hirabayashi, 59–75. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2002.
While many scholars agree that immediately after WWII many people of Japanese origin tried to distance themselves from things Japanese, considering their ties to Japan asa stigma, some people of Japanese origin in the Americas contributed to the LARA Relief
Program which sent relief supplies to devastated Japan. This shows that they considered
their ties to Japan important.

Takezawa, Yasuko. “Nikkeijin and “Multicultural Coexistence” in Japan: Kobe
after the Great Earthquake,” New Worlds, New Lives: Globalization and people of Japanese Descent in the Americas and from Latin America in Japan, ed.
Lane Ryo Hirabayashi, et.al, 310–330. Stanford: Stanford University Press,
2002.
This paper focuses on the lives of the Nikkeijin from Brazil and other Latin Americancountries working in Kobe and its vicinity. It examines various NGO activities targeting the Nikkeijin, and reveals the new ethnic relationships with Japanese that emerged
right after the Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake that took place in 1995.

BOOKS
Uno, Hiroko. Emily Dickinson’s Marble Disc: A Poetics of Renunciation andScience. Tokyo: Eiho-sha, Dec. 2002.
In order to reconcile the seemingly contradictory facts that Emily Dickinson produced
a bulk of poems at the same time when she led a secluded life, this book takes two different approaches: it examines the concepts of silence and nothingness in her poems andby examining the inﬂuence of then up-to-date sciences upon them.

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DISSERTATIONS
Hashikawa, Kenryu. “Rural Entrepreneurship in New Jersey during the Early
Republic.” Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 2002.
This dissertation argues that certain kinds of linkage existed between the city and thecountryside before the market revolution in the form of preindustrial manufactures andobscure enterprises. Rural New Jersey multiplied and thickened its links with New Yorkand Philadelphia until mid-nineteenth-century industrialization superseded them ormade them invisible.

Tanaka, Kei. “Japanese Picture Marriage in 1900–1924 California: Construction of Japanese Race and Gender.” Ph.D. diss., Rutgers University, 2002.
This dissertation focuses on the Japanese picture-marriage practice as a window throughwhich to explore the development of Japanese race and gender, the construction of whiteness in California, United States immigration policies, and international diplomacy during the ﬁrst two decades of the twentieth century.

Uno, Hiroko. “Life in Marble Disc: Emily Dickinson’s Poetry.” Ph.D. diss.,
Kobe College (Kobe Jogakuin Daigaku), 2002.
In order to solve the riddle that Emily Dickinson produced a bulk of poems at the sametime when she began secluded life, this book takes two different approaches: It examines the concepts of silence and nothingness in her poems and the inﬂuence of then upto-date sciences upon them.