〜第問 次の 文を読み，空所～に入る最も適切なものを，それぞれ下段の①～④の中から一つ選び，その番号を所定の解答欄にマークしなさい。

1Though there have been many modern technological advances, some people prefer
the old ways. For example, *vinyl instead of MP3 or books instead of digital readers.
ith film, too, many fans and movie makers prefer classic methods to contemporary ones.
One type of movie making, (), that has seen a *renaissance recently is the use ofmm film instead of digital.
2

A type of *analog¹ film, 70mm film has been around for a very long time. In fact,some classic films such as Ben-Hur to Lawrence of Arabia were shot on
this kind of film, the frames on the reel are

mm film.

ith

mm in width. Normally, the frames are

35mm and movies are still enjoyable to watch. But the difference in visual quality withusing

mm film is uite remarkable. This type of film changes the *aspect ratio of thefilm image as well, making movies shot infilms are also shot on a special type of3

mm ideal for wide theatre screens. IMA

mm film.

In contrast to 70mm film, digital film is recorded as digital images. Digital film
uses light sensors and digital receptors to capture images similar to digital photographs.
There are various levels of *resolution with digital film, ranging from high definition
video throughand now even

. One might think that digital film is far better thanmm analog film, but that is not the case. The two types of film are actually relativelycomparable. There is also a sense of *authenticity and a classic feel to watching films in
70mm.
4Quentin Tarantino, the well-known movie director and producer, has made a lot ofeffort to bring themm experience to modern audiences. He shot his film The Hateful

Eight entirely on a type of high uality

mm film called

ltra anavision. He also used*anamorphic lenses to create a spectacular wide-screen experience. In order for people
to experience the full visual quality of this type of movie, Tarantino installed custom
movie projectors in 100 movie theatres across America. As a result, Steve Bellamy, thepresident of the Kodak film company, wrote a letter of thanks to Tarantino. Bellamywrote, “We at Kodak would like to take a moment to recognize what the Tarantino teamaccomplished with The Hateful Eight , as it was more than just making a movie on thegold standard of film, or a preservation of the past. They did not ust create the *analogof analog film, but they created a new *apex for analog.
5

Other well-known filmmakers such as Steven Spielberg and J.J. Abrams have also
used 70mm film. In fact, many modern hits, such as Rogue One: A Star Wars Storyand Wonder Woman, have been shot onmm film.

oth digital and analog have theirbenefits, and as to which one is better, it largely comes down to personal preference. But
the fact that some very talented movie makers continue to use the 70mm medium gives
viewers an exciting and nostalgic option in what they choose for entertainment.
（Source: Akira Morita & Taron Plaza, Target!, Kinseido, 2021）*vinyl（*renaissance，*analog¹（ー））の*aspect ratio*resolution 解，解*authenticity*anamorphic lens*analog*apex 最問

hich one of the following best fits the underlined blank in the first paragraph?

① in detailin exchange
in general④ in particularAccording to the second paragraph, which one of the following statements is NOT true

問２ofmm film?

２① Films shot in 70mm have high visual quality, and a distinctive kind of look.
It is possible to see films shot in

mm at IMA theaters.

Some very famous films such as Ben Hur were shot on this type of film.
④ The

問mm film format is an extremely recent invention.

According to the third paragraph, digital film for movies① creates images that seem more authentic than those shot on analog film.
is currently available in only one grade of resolution.
is widely known to be far superior to analog

mm film in terms of uality.

④ records images in the same basic manner as a digital photograph.

問

According to the fourth paragraph, why did the movie director Quentin Tarantino havecustom movie pro ectors installed in cinemas?
① By using projectors that were cheaper than digital ones, Tarantino was able to savethe Kodak company a lot of money.
He wanted viewers of his movie to fully appreciate the visualuality thatltra

anavision film could provide.
He was personally requested to install special projectors all over America by Steve
Bellamy, the president of Kodak.
④ These custom projectors are the only ones that are able to show the full-length versionof his film.

Which one of the following statements is closest in meaning to the underlined clause問in the fifth paragraph “as to which one is better, it largely comes down to personal
preference ?
oth digital and analog film types produce incredibly beautiful images, so it is①

impossible for anyone to choose one over the other.
If you want to be able to watch both digital and analog films, you have to be able tovisit a huge cinema near where you live.
Only the digital film format is able to show the large-scale films that modern
audiences want to see.
hether you think digital film is better than analog film depends mostly on your own④likes and dislikes.

問The writer’s main point in this article is that
① classic film types such as

mm may be spectacular to look at, but they are too

expensive to use for any modern film.
digital film is clearly far superior to analog film, so all new movies should be shot anden oyed on this type of film.
nowadays it is almost impossible to make any form of art without using the latesttechnology.
④ there are some forms of media that may be quite old, but still have the visual power toimpress people.

第２問 次の会話文を読み，空所 ７ ～ 10 に入る最も適切なものを，それぞれ下段の①～④の中から一つ選び，その番号を所定の解答欄にマークしなさい。

Danny:

Here we are then…

Maki:

Is that your mom? The one in the dark sweater?

Danny:

That’s right, and that’s my *gran next to her. She and her mom look alike, don’tthey?

Maki:

Mmm, they do. And you look like your mother, don’t you?

Danny:

Yes, I do–– in some ways. And that’s my dad, the one at the back, next to the door.

Maki:

Oh yes, you definitely look more like your mother. Your father’s very tall, isn’t he?

Danny:

Yes, he’s taller than me, anyway. The one next to him is my younger sister, Claire.
She’s really smart. She’s studying nursing. And the one on the left is my older
sister, Chris. She’s the artist of the family. She works for a design company.

Maki:

She’s very pretty.

Danny:

I suppose so, yeah. She’s really *talkative and *outgoing. She’s getting marriednext year. The guy with the beard and the earring is my future *brother-in-law,Max.

Maki:

So if Chris is the artist of the family, what are you?

Danny:

Me? I don’t know. Maybe I’m the *black sheep of the family.

Maki:

I’m sure you’re not! Oh! Who’s that? The one with the big grin?

Danny:

Oh yeah. That’s my friend, Steve. He’s an idiot. I’ve known him since we werekids.

Maki:Your family looks very nice.

Danny:Yeah, they’re great. I miss them a lot.

（Source: Simon Capper, This is Japan, New Edition Your Culture, Your Life, Cengage Learning, 2021）*gran

おばあちゃん*talkative

おしゃべりが好きな*outgoing

社交的な*brother-in-law*black sheep

義理の兄弟

家族の中の厄介者

hat are Danny and Maki most probably doing while having this conversation?

問７① Attending the wedding ceremony of Danny’s older sister.
Going to a reunion of Danny, Maki and Steve’s high school.
Looking at a photo album of Danny’s.
④ Shopping in a clothing store with Danny’s family.

問２According to the dialog, Danny’s father① has a beard and an earring.
is not quite as tall as Danny.
is the member of the group who is standing closest to the door.
④ resembles Danny more than Danny’s mother does.

問

ho does Danny describe as a person who likes to talk?
① His friend Maki.
His friend Steve.
His grandmother.
④ His older sister Chris.

問

According to the dialog, which one of the following is NOT true?

10① Danny and Steve have known each other for quite a long time.
Danny’s mother is wearing a top which is dark in color.
Danny’s younger sister is studying to be a nurse, and his older sister works in design.
④ Max and Chris have been married since Danny was a child.

第問 次の 会話文の空所 11 ～ 1に入る最も適切なものを，それぞれ下段の①～④の中から一つ選び，その番号を所定の解答欄にマークしなさい。

問

A: Are you ready to order?
B: Yes, I’ll have the breakfast set with coffee.
A: Certainly. ()11: Large, please. And could I get that to go?
①

hat si e coffee would you like?
here shall I deliver that to?
ill that be all?

④

問２

A:ould you like milk and sugar with that?

uess what? I’m being transferred to a different department.

:eally?

1) I really enjoy working with you.

A: Oh, thanks. But we’ll still be in the same building.
B: That’s good. Come and see me anytime.
① It would be my pleasure.
No, not right now thanks.
That’s a shame.
④ That’s no problem.

問

A: Excuse me. Somebody left their smartphone behind. (: Yes, that’s right.

1hich classroom was it left in?

A: Room G12. It was on a desk at the back.
B: Thank you. We’ll keep it here until the owner comes to get it.
① Does this office repair smartphones?
Is this the place where I can hand in lost items?
Shall I take this home with me?
④here can I find classroom?

)

問

A: Do you have any plans for the New Year’s holiday?
B: Hmm. (1)

A: Sounds nice How long do you think you’ll stay there?
: Just a night or two. I’m pretty busy.
① I might go back to my hometown.
I’m not doing anything special.
We had a really good time there.
④ We stayed in a hotel the entire time.

問

A: Have you seen my schedule book? I can’t find it anywhere.
B: (1)

A: I did. But it’s not there now.
: Have you checked in your bag? You might have already packed it.
① I have it right here.
Is that where I put it?
I thought you left it on the kitchen table.
④

here did you last see it?

第問 次の文の空所 1～に入る最も適切なものを，それぞれ下段の①～④の中から一つ選び，その番号を所定の解答欄にマークしなさい。

Before you can begin working here, you must undergo a physical (問1) at ahospital.
① conversation

examination

You can borrow (問２① what

① disappoint① enlarge

which

disappointed

1largedisappointedlybron e① goI(問going1① am writing

問７

larger④ largest

0to be gone) to bed early tonight.
④ to gomy essay when my computer suddenly crashed and I lost the entire file.
have written

Please ask a parent or guardian (① sign

④ disappointing

uddha statue in western Japan.

Since you have a busy day tomorrow, I suggest you (問④ whichever) that he and his wife cannot go out together very often.

At T dai- i visitors can see the問問

1

④ reservation) of these books you like for the rest of the week.
whateverMark feels (問1population

signing

was writing④ was written) this consent form for the school trip.
to be signed

Louisa sat down at the front of the classroom, (④ to sign) there were more seatsavailable.
① how

that

where

④ whose問

Rhys has lived in Vietnam for ten years, () he can’t speak a word ofVietnamese.
① asfor

問10 Miki was very proud (nor④ yet

her son for winning first pri e in the science

competition.
① about

atby④ of第問 次のし文になる，２にべかに，それぞれ下段の①～のるものの番号を選び，その番号をを～解答欄にマークしなさい。

問のにき_____

I’d rather _____① driveもの問２

go by，しを_____① learn

memadeちの① happy

0 _____

Do you _____① at

SNS をのし。にいんん

waspeople’s

the violin

いしい④ with。

veryか。

the graduation ceremony?
④ the principalをなしWhen using social media, you shouldn’t post _____① asking

to_____.

saidが④ than1 _____ exam results.

_____

き，ばをremember。

④ my motherher students’が問いmy hometown

When I was a child, _____

Ms. Dennis _____

き_____ train.に問

問りphotos④ themwhat

るべき_____

あり_____.

without

問ん。の