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2. BL07LSU É¨¯é´ªð\î X ü­õªõíÌÝvSPring _8 BL07LSU Ì î X ü ­ õ ª õ í HORNETèCáGiFig. 2(a)jÍC350_750 eV ÌGlM[ÍÍÉ¨¢Ä´lM[ãNÌÏªÉÍæè¢ªð\ªØ]³êÄ¢ªð\ E/DE`10,000ÌB¬ðÚWÉC2007N©ç½B»µÄC2009NÉGlM[ªð\ÉÖµÄå«ÈÝªißçê½9) BHORNET ÍS·2.5 m ÌA[·ðÁ½BSwiss Light SourceiSLSjÉLµCÅÌ¨¿¾¯ÅÍÈ­ntÌªèðÂ\É·éVXôiªFig. 1

éî X ü(Color online) Schematic diagram of soft x_ray emission spectroscopy. (left) Initial state. (Middle) Intermediate
state corresponding with the x_ray absorption. (Right) Final state of x_ray emission process.

úËõ March 2015 Vol.28 No.2 91(C) 2015 The Japanese Society for Synchrotron Radiation ResearchFig. 2(Color online) Ultrahigh resolution soft x_ray emission spectrometer HORNET at BL07LSU in SPring_8. (a)Picture of HORNET. (b) Measured focal spot of the incident beam at the sample position obtained for an exit slit
width of 40 mm. (c) Schematic diagram of optical system of the soft x_ray emission spectrometer.

éB­õªõíÌGlöÅC»ÌsNZTCYÉËç¸CoíÌóÔªð\M[ªð\ÉÍC¿ãÅÌX|bgTCYCüËõÌeðíÝµÄ¢é±ÆªÁ¥Åªñ24 mm É§À³êÄµÜ¤12)BHORNET ÅÍCoGlM[ªð\CoíCA[·CñÜiqCÆ¢ÁíÌóÔªð\§ÀÆSA[·ir1 {r2 jª2.5 m Æ¢½vfªå«­e¿·éB´ªð\ÌB¬Ì½ßC¤§ñÌÅCiIjhn600 eV ÅGlM[ªð\ E/P üËõÌ¿ÊuÉ¨¯éÉÀWõ9)CHORNET ÅÍCòDE10,000CiIIjñ]²ð½È¢ñÜiqÆoíÉQ ø¦Éªð\ðõ¦½ÎüË½Ê^ªõíCòR PòæéÈÖÈ²®@\CÆ¢¤vð½·æ¤CCg»³ê½ coma­free [hiR}û·ÌÈ¢zujÌK

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¼ûüÖÌ 2 ÌWõ~[ðp¢½ K_B zuðÌpP ÌX|bgTCYÌÉÀWõÉÖµÄÍCòé±ÆªÅ«éBäXÍCp[^ðÏ¦ÄlXÈðµ½BoûXbg©çWõ~[ÜÅÌ£ð·­C~ºÅCg[XðsÁ½ÊCüp[^ a3 ÌÝ[©ç¿ÜÅÌ£ðZ­·é±ÆÅC150{ÌõwðÏ»³¹é±ÆÅCõwnÌzuð»ÌÜÜÉCªð\k¬äðB¬C¡13 mm~c1.6 mm Æ¢¤É¬ÌX|bÈüÌs[NÊuðÏ¦çêé±Æð©¢¾µ½B»±gTCYðÀ»µ½iFig. 2(b)jBÅCL¢GlM[ÌæÉKp·é½ßÉCHORNET ÅÎüË½Ê^ªõíÌÝvÉÖµÄCFig. 2(c)ÉªõíÍáGlM[pÆGlM[pÌ 2 ÂÌñÜiqðÌTª}ð¦·B¿ð­õ_ S1 ÆµÄúo³ê½õØèÖ¦çêéVXeðÌpµ½BFig. 3(a)É¦·æ¤ªCÎüËzuÌñÜiqÅªõ³êCoíÅÏª³ê

ÉCCg[X©ç©Ïàçê½±êçñÜiqÌªðélqð\µÄ¢éB~^üÔuñÜiqÌêC\ÈüÍC»ê¼ê500 eV yÑ650 eV És[Nð¿CRowland ~ãÉWõ·é½ßÉCWõÊÍÈ¦ðÂB´ªð\ÆÈé±ÆªúÒ³êéBXÉCR}û·ðâ±±ÅÍC½RÈoíÌ\ÊãÅÌû·ð¸ç·½ß³·ézuÉ·é±ÆÅ11)CCCD ÌóÔªð\§ÀðlÉCWõÊª½ÊÉÈésüÔuñÜiqðp¢½B¶µ½ÀEÈüÉß¢«\ª¾çêé±ÆªCCg[ñÜiqÌü n ðsÔuÉ·é±ÆÅCRowland ~X©ç¦´³ê½iFig. 3(a)jBªcÝCü`ÈWõÊðÀ»·é±ÆªÂ\ÆÈéBsB ~[ÌÝuÈÇðoÄCñÜiqÌdlèâCK_ÔuñÜiqÌdlÍC~Ì¼a R yÑü§x n(w j2010NÉ HORNET Ì«\]¿ðsÁ½BFig. 3(b), 3(c)Åwè³êéE

ÍCHORNET ÉÄ¾çê½ChBN Ì N 1s ­õXyNg
yÑ MnO Ì Mn 2p ­õXyNgð»ê¼ê¦µÄn(w)a0{a1 w{a2 w 2{a3 w 3{c¢éBe«Us[N©ç©Ïàçê½uªð\ÍCN 1s É¨¢Ä E/DE`10,000i`40 meVjCMn 2p É¨±±ÅCai Íüp[^ÅéBCCD oíÉÖµ¢Ä E/DE`8,500i`76 meVjÆÈèCäXÍ HOR­Ä»óÅÍCõqªoíÉüËµ½ãÉCüË\Ê©ç

NET É¨¢Ä¢EÅoÊÉB·éÜÅÉd×_ÌLªèª¶¶é±Æª´½iFig. 3(a)jB92  úËõ March 2015 Vol.28 No.2Ì´ªð\ÌB¬É¬÷µúËõjFig. 3[X ¡ æ19ñú{úËõwï§ãÜóÜ¤ñ(Color online) Achievement of the ultrahigh energy resolution in the soft x_ray emission spectrometer HORNET.
(a) Energy resolution of the spectrometer estimated by ray tracing using low­ and high­energy gratings. The
dashed line is the resolution limit determined by the limit of spatial resolution of the CCD detector. (b),(c) Per­
formance of the spectrometer for N 1s edge of hBN and Mn 2p edge of MnO, respectively.

» Ý C  ½ ­ Ì  [ U [ ª HORNET ð  p µ Ä ¨ð¾ç©É·é½ßÉÍCdq\¢ÉÖ·ém©ªdvÆè C Å Ì10) © ç t Ì13) C Ü ½ G } Þ ¿ Ì Operado ªl¦çêéBRIXS XyNgÍCd O¹àÅÌãNÅ

è14,15)CÈÇÌ¤¬Êªñ³êÄ¢éBÉC¬ÊÌé d_d ãNâCd O¹ÆzÊqÆÌ¬¬ðÊµ½d×Ú®

êáÆµÄC¥«¼±ÌÉ¨¯é RIXS ªèÊÉÂ¢Ä

ãNð½fµÄ¢éB±êçÌãNðÜñ¾ RIXS XyNq×éBgððÍ·é±ÆÅCd dqÉÖ·éÚ×Èîñð¾é±ÆªÂ\ÆÈéB3. ¥«¼±ÌiGa, Mn)As É¨¯é RIXS Éæédq\¢ðÍFig. 4(a)ÍCiGa, Mn)As É¨¢ÄuõûÊ@Åªè³
ê½ X üzûiXASjXyNgð\·BõoÉæè

III_V °¥«¼±ÌiGa, Mn)As ÍC1996NÉú{Å¾çê½XyNgÍC_»¨ðÜÜÈ¢CiGa, Mn)Asé16)B±ÌiGa,Ìdq\¢ð½fµÄ¢é±Æª©ÄæêéBæÁÄCõ

­©³ê½CT^IÈ­¥«¼±ÌÅMn)As ÍCMn ÌYÁÉæè­¥«ð­»µC»ÌLðo·é RIXS ÅÍC\ÊÌ_»¨ÈÇÌOöIÈe¿[·xªLAÅðó¯¸C{¿IÈîñª¾çêé±Æª¦´³êéBéz[ZxÉäá·é±Æ©

çC{¿IÈLAUN­¥«ÌÆl¦çêÄ¢Fig. 4(b)ÍC¢­Â©ÌãNGlM[Åªè³ê½é17) BÀÛÉC±ÌLAUN­¥«ÌÁ«ðp¢éiGa, Mn)As Ì RIXS XyNgð\·B±±ÅÍCQÆ±ÆÅCVµ¢«\ðL·éfoCXÌì»ªñ³êÄÆµÄ MnO ÌXyNgðdËÄ¢éBMnO ÌXyN¢é18,19)BgÉiGa, Mn)As É¨¯é­¥«Ì­»@\ÍC_IÉÀé d_d ãNð¾mÉª£·éÙÇCGlM[ªð\ª±IÉ\NÈãàc_ª±¢Ä¢é20)BiGa, Mn)As ÌL¢±Æªª©éBµ©µÈªçCiGa, Mn)As Å¾çêÚ·éÆCGlM[¹¸ 1`6 eV ÌÌæÉAUN­¥«­»ÉÂ¢ÄCå«­ª¯ÄÌñÂÌ½ RIXS XyNgÍCªð\æèàÌL¢\¢ð¦µfª°çêÄ¢éFêÂÍCLAªêÌ GaAs

½B±ÌÊÍCMn d O¹ÆzÊqÆÌ¬¬Éæée¿d ð·f21)B±ÌêCÌohÌ«¿ðÂ Zener p_ð½fµÄ¢éàÌÆl¦çêéBGaAs ÌohªtF~Êðæ¬ÁÄ¨èCMn ÍA¼±ÌàÉh[v³ê½ Mn ÍCzÊqÉlÊÌzÊNZv^[ÆµÄ­«»Ì¿Íñ¿Æ\z³êéBà¤ÅÍÜê½NX^[Ì\¢ðæÁÄ¢éB±ÌNXêÂÍCLAª Mn 3d O¹RÌs¨ohÌ«^[Ìdq\¢ÉÎµÄCMn2{ Æ Mn3{ ÌîêóÔð¼¿ðÂs¨ohf22) B±ÌêCMn 3d sèµÄCzuÔÝìpðæèüê½vZðsÁ½Bzu¨ohªtF~Êðæ¬èCMn Ì¿ÍO¿Æ\ÔÝìpÍCCIÌóÔid njÉÁ¦CzÊq©çdz³êéB±Ì±Æ©çCiGa, Mn)As Ì­¥«­»@\×Ú®µ½óÔid n{1 L, L ÍzÊqÌ³EjðîêóÔ

úËõ March 2015 Vol.28 No.2 93

Fig. 4(Color online) Mn L3 RIXS of the (Ga, Mn)As thin lm. (a) Mn L3 XAS spectra. (b) Mn L3 RIXS spectra. The
excitation energies are 639.6, 640.0, and 640.6 eV. The spectra of MnO are also shown as a reference. (c) Com­
parison of experimental RIXS spectra with conguration­interaction cluster calculations for Mn2{ and Mn3{states.

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XAS XyNgÆÌärÅÍCMn2{ Æ Mn3{ ÉÎ·évZÊÅDÊÈ·ª©çêÈ©Á½10)BFig. 4(c)ÍCN
X^[vZÊÆÏª³ê½ RIXS XyNgÆÌär
ð\·BXAS ÆÍÎÆIÉCRIXS ÅÍ Mn2{ Æ Mn3{ÉÎµÄvZÅ¾çê½XyNg`óÍå«­ÙÈÁ½BMn2{ ÉÎ·éXyNgÍCÀ±ÊÆ¾ç©ÉêvµÄ¢È¢±Æªª©éBêûCs[NÌLªèð¯ÎC
Mn3{ ÌvZÊÍCÀ±ÅÌXyNgÉß¢±Æª©
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é±Æ©çCMn CIÍCüèÉz[LAðã­©µ½C¥C|[ÌóÔÉÈÁÄ¢é±Æª\z³êéiFig. 5(a)jB±Ì¥C|[ÍC·´`±ÌÉ¨¯éCZhang­Rice êdÆÞµ½óÔÅFig. 5(Color online) Origin of the ferromagnetism in (Ga, Mn)
As. (a) Zhang­Rice singlet­like bound magnetic polaronaround the doped Mn ion. (b) Schematic image of overlap
among the magnetic polarons in (Ga, Mn) As. (c) Valence­band conduction model. (d) Mn 3d_derived impurity bandmodel.

é23)BñÂÌ¥C|[ªß­É¶Ýµ½êCMnÉ©³ê½z[ÌO¹ªdÈé±ÆÅC£êÄ¢éæèàCFig. 5(d)É¦·¥C|[Ìp[R[VMn C I  ¯ m Ì ¥ C  [   g ª µ ¤ Æ l ¦ ç ê éÉæé`is¨ohfjÅðÅ«é±Æð

iFig. 5(b)jBÈãÌÊ©çCiGa, Mn)As É¨¯éL¾ç©Æµ½BA­¥«­»@\ÆµÄCFig. 5(c)É¦·©RÈLAª¥CÝìpð}î·é`iZener p_d ð·fj94  úËõ March 2015 Vol.28 No.2

úËõj4. ÜÆßÆ¡ãÌW][X ¡ æ19ñú{úËõwï§ãÜóÜ¤ñÍCåw Hwn¤ÈÌcë¾³öæè²ñ¢{eÅÍCî X ü­õªõíÌ´ªð\»·é½ß

½¾«Üµ½B{¤ÅÍC½­Ìw¶âX^btÌûXÌÝvCyÑÝµ½î X ü­õªõí HORNET ðpÉæé²xÉæéÆ±ëªå«­C±ÌêðØèÄFl¢½¥«¼±ÌiGa, Mn)As Ìdq\¢ÉÖ·é¤ðÉ[­´Ó\µã°Ü·Bñµ½BiGa, Mn)As É¨¯é RIXS ©ç¾çê½m©

Ql¶£ÍCiGa, Mn)As Ì«\»âC_fÉæéó¥«¼±ÌÌ¨¿ÝvÉv£·é±ÆðúÒ·éBÜ½CSXES ðp·é±ÆÅCMn ¾¯ÅÈ­¼Ì¥«³fðÜÞ¥«¼±ÌÌdqóÔð¾ç©ÆµCXsgjNXÌXÈé­WÉÂÈªé±ÆðúÒ·éBSXES ÅÍCçäé¨¿ÌªèªÂ\ÅéBÀÛÉCHORNET ÅÍCÅÌ©çtÌCG}Ì Operando ªèÜÅlXÈ¬Êªñ³êÄ¨èC¶Ì¨¿ân¿ÈÇÌC±êÜÅdq\¢ðÍªsíêÄ¢È©Á½nÖÌXÈé­Wªå«­úÒ³êéBá¦ÎCà®^pN¿ÌwSÍC¥«¼±ÌÉ¨¯é¥«CIÆÞµÄ¨èCà®^pN¿Ì SXES ªèÉæèC»Ì@\ðdq\¢ÌÏ_©çc_Å«éÆl¦Ä¢éBSXES Ì´ªð\»ÍClXÈfãNÌÏªðÂ\ÆµC«C´`±óÔÌMbv
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