DISASTER PREPAREDNESS TOKYODISASTER PREPAREDNESS TOKYODISASTER PREPAREDNESS TOKYO

LET’S GET PREPAREDTOKYO
METROPOLITANGOVERNMENTLET’S GET PREPAREDTOKYO
METROPOLITANGOVERNMENT

It is predicted that
there is a 70 percent possibilityof an earthquake
directly hitting Tokyo
within the next 30 years.
Are you prepared?

Let sGet
Prepared.
What if an earthquake hits Tokyo
now? What will you do in thisinstant when our city undergoes adrastic change? If you are at home;
if you are in the subway; if it s the
middle of winter; if it s in the middleof the night; if you are alone; if you
are with someone who needs tobe protected... What will you do?

150625_0-en.indd 004-005

Take this time to imagine thesituation; to gain proper knowledge;
to prepare stockpiles; to discuss what
to do with your family and neighbors...
Each effort you take to prepare
will help protect you. We can fightdisasters. So, let s get prepared anddo everything to protect ourselves.

2015-08-30 오후 2:55:42

What is Disaster Preparedness
Tokyo ?
Various disaster risks lurk in Tokyo. Disaster Preparedness Tokyo
is a Tokyo-style disaster preparedness manual that is tailored to thevarious local features of Tokyo, its urban structure, and the lifestylesof its residents. This manual does not just provide you with knowledgeof disaster preparedness, but also contains many specific disaster
preparedness actions you can start taking immediately. Use this along withthe digital version and the Tokyo Preparedness Map to protect yourself
from a disaster.

Contents
Prologue

Do Now markIntroduction

003

Contents

007

Let’s Get Prepared004“Let’s Prepare Now” Symbol
Mark: Do Now

012

What Is “Disaster
Preparedness Tokyo”?

006

01 Simulation of a Major Earthquake

014

What would you do if a major earthquake strikes Tokyo now?
This chapter provides simulations of what to do from the moment
an earthquake occurs to your evacuation and reconstruction ofyour life. Now imagine yourself in these situations.

ManualEarthquake!
The Moment an Earthquake Strikes 0 1 6

Immediately After
Immediately after the Earthquake

018

Dangers Away from Home

026

Dangers at Home

020

Things Not to Do When an
Earthquake Occurs

038

Evacuation Flow Chart

040

Check Points for Safe Evacuation

048

Decision to Evacuate

042

Helping Each Other

052

What to Do before Evacuating

046

The Dos and Don’ts at an
Evacuation Center

060

Evacuation

Map

DigitalDisaster Preparedness Tokyo

006

SearchEvacuation Life

Bosai the Rhino

Staying at Home

054

The Disaster Preparedness Tokyo character is Bosai the
Rhino. Bosai is Japanese for disaster preparedness and its
second syllable, sai, has the same sound as the word forrhinoceros. Bosai the Rhino is a 3-year-old rhinoceros bornand raised in Tokyo. He is a very curious little guy, but is easily
frightened. He s very interested in disaster preparedness
and ﬁnds any kind of disaster prevention action to be a pieceof cake. His favorite action is hiding under a desk, and his
favorite phrase is Let s get prepared!

Evacuation Center

056

Guide to Evacuation Life

058

Consideration toward People Who 066
Need Special Care

068

Starting to Rebuild Your Life

150625_0-en.indd 006-007

Rebuilding Your Life
Returning to Daily Life

070

007

2015-08-30 오후 2:55:43

Learning from the Experience of 072
Survivors
Disaster Preparedness Quiz

10 Key Points to Observe Whenan Earthquake Strikes

078

03 Other Disasters and Countermeasures 1 42

077

Earthquakes are not the only disasters that can
strike Tokyo. We have compiled knowledge on thevarious risks that lurk in Tokyo and measures todeal with them. Learn about them now.

s Get Prepared: Disaster02 LetPreparedness Actions
080
We have compiled things you can do now to

Heavy Rain and Storms

1 44

Volcanic Eruptions

1 60

will protect you and your loved ones in the

Torrential Rain

1 50

Terrorist and Armed Attacks

1 64

event of the disaster. Let's get prepared now.

Sediment Disasters

1 52

Infectious Diseases

1 68

Lightning

1 54

Tokyo’s Active Volcanoes

1 72

Four Preparations to Do Now

Tornadoes

1 56

Disaster Preparedness Quiz

1 73

Stockpiles

Heavy Snow

1 58

prepare for a disaster. Thorough preparations

Stockpiling Goods

084

Emergency Bag

090

Essential Stockpile Items

086

Daily Stockpiles

092

Household Stockpile List

088

04 Survival Tips

Preparing Inside the Home

1 74

This chapter provides various types of knowledge and ingenuity

Preparing Inside the Home

094

Seismic Retrofitting

1 06

Furniture Stabilization Measures

096

Fire Prevention Measures

1 09

explain them in an easy-to-understand manner. Why not also hold a

Stabilizing Devices

098

Checking Electricity, Gas, andWater Supply

112

workshop as explained at the end of the chapter?

Furniture Stabilizing Checklist

1 00
Earthquake-Resistant Shelters

113

that will be useful when a disaster occurs, and we use illustrations to

Emergency
Preparing Outside the Home

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

1 76

How to Use the Fire Extinguisher

Stop Bleeding

1 78

How to Use the Indoor Fire Hose

1 89

First-Aid for Fractures and Sprains

1 80

How to Use the Standpipe

1 90First-Aid for Cuts

181

How to Use the Portable Fire Pump

191

1 30

First-Aid for Burns

1 82

Warm Yourself with Newspapers

1 92

1 36

Lighten the Burden of the Injured and Ill

1 83

Adjust Your Body Temperature

1 94

1 84

Protect Your Feet

1 96

Prevent Dehydration

1 97

Learning about Your Neighborhood

114

Places Safe from Fire

1 20

Know Your Community’s
Earthquake Risk

118

Disaster Prevention Parks

121

1 22

Fire and Disaster Drills

1 24

Citizens Disaster Response Team

Communication
Prepare through Communication
Community Networking
Disaster Preparedness inApartment Buildings

1 25

Volunteer Fire Corps

1 39

Safely Positioning the Injured or Ill

1 26

Disaster Map Exercises

140

Transporting the Injured or Ill

1 86

1 28

Disaster Preparedness Quiz

141

Bandage Substitutes

1 87

1 88

Disaster Preparedness Measures at Work
Confirm Safety and Collect
Information

008

150625_0-en.indd 008-009

009

2015-08-30 오후 2:55:44

Document

Sanitation
How to Store Water

1 98

How to Make Emergency Diapers

202

How to Carry Water

1 99

How to Make a Cloth Sanitary
Napkin203

Keep Clean with Little Water

204

Make a Fly Trap

205

How to Use the Toilet When Water 200
Supply Is Cut Off
How to Make an Emergency Toilet

20 1Life Reconstruction Support
Systems and ProceduresFirst Aid in Emergency

253

262

Support for Dairy Life

260

Disaster Volunteers

266

Information
Emergency Contacts

268

Life

Symbols for People Who Need
Special Care in an Emergency
Combined Risk with Considerationof Disaster Activity Difficulty276

How to Make an Emergency Lantern

206

How to Make a Bed

214

Inquiries about Disaster Prevention

269

Change the Size of the Battery

207

How to Make Cushions and Pillows

215

Disaster Response Yellow Pages

270

How to Make Plates and Eating
Utensils

208

How to Tie Ropes

216

Pictograms Legend274

Traffic Regulations in Case ofGreat Earthquakes

280

Exercises for Evacuation Life218

A Day in Tokyo

282

Tokyo Compared with Rest of Japan284

How to Make an Emergency
Cooking Stove

210
Children Playing

220

LET'S GET PREPARED !
外国人向け今やろう286

ENGLISH FOR EMERGENCY
非常時に使える英会話

288

Making Partitions

212

How to Make a Knapsack213

Get Your Family Involved!

292

Family’s Information

295

Your Information

294

Memo

299

Index by Location

320

Confirm Safety
Disaster Emergency Message Dial 226
WorkshopTake Action to Get Your Family
Prepared

228

278Good Ways to Use Everyday Items 222

Safety Instructions
Disaster Message Board

Hold a Community Event to
Prepare for a Disaster

227

232

Index
Index of Glossary Terms

308

Disaster Facts and Information 236
You Should Know

Index by Household
Coposition

318

This Chapter provides a variety of information on
disasters and disaster prevention.
You should keep the information in mind to enhanceyour disaster preparedness.

Production notes

05

Manga

Knowledge
Knowledge of Earthquakes

238

Knowledge of Tsunami

243

Knowledge of Typhoons andHeavy Rain

244

01 0

150625_0-en.indd 010-011

Various Types of Weather
Information

248

Past Large-scale Disasters

250

323

TOKYO X DAY by Kaiji Kawaguchi

This original manga comic vividly describes how Tokyo would be
like just before and immediately after a major earthquake. Imagine
yourself in these situations and take actions to be prepared.

011

2015-08-30 오후 2:55:48

Let s Prepare Now Symbol Mark: Do Now
In this manual we have added the
Do Now mark to pages introducing
disaster preparedness actions thatcan be implemented right away. Make
it a point to ﬁrst conﬁrm the contentsof pages containing this mark andcarry out those actions. Here, we list
10 particularly important actions totake. Let's prepare now!

Prevent furniture, etc. fromfalling overCheck for seismic resistance→ p. 107→ pp. 100, 102

Start stockpiling→ p. 85

Keep valuables together→ p. 91

Prepare an emergency bag→ p. 90

Confirm the safety of yourrooms

→ p. 9501 2150625_0-en.indd 012-013

Confirm where to evacuate→ p. 115

Sign up for disaster information
services→ p. 128

Hold a family meeting→ p. 122

Participate in fire anddisaster drills→ p. 130013

2015-08-30 오후 2:55:52

Earthquake!
P. 16

Immediately After
P. 18

Evacuation
P. 40

Evacuation Life

P. 54

Rebuilding Your Life
P. 68

014

1

Simulation of a
Major Earthquake
Suppose an earthquake of an unprecedented
scale directly hits Tokyo. What specific actions
should you take at that very moment? This chapter
provides simulations of possible dangers andappropriate actions you should take from themoment an earthquake occurs to your evacuation
and reconstruction of your life. Now imagine
yourself in these situations.

015

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

The Moment an Earthquake
Strikes

Making the right decision is hard at the onset of
an earthquake
Among survivors of major earthquakes, there are some who say that the tremor ¿ rst felt
like a plane had crashed nearby, a factory had exploded, or a volcano had erupted. Insuch a sudden situation, you ¿ nd it dif¿ cult to move or think, and it’s hard to make anappropriate decision. This makes it important to imagine what you should do. Prepare inadvance by talking with your family, participating in ¿ re drills and disaster drills, andother ways.

016

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1First, protect yourself
In a strong earthquake, you could be injured or killed if you are trapped under furnitureor hit in the head by falling objects such as glass from a broken window. While being
careful of what is happening around you, you should move quickly to a place where you
will be protected from falling objects or furniture and other heavy items toppling over orsliding into you. Give top priority to protecting yourself and your family. (Self-help)017

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Immediately after the
Earthquake

Wait until the tremor subsides
Don’t rush out or you could be injured by falling objects, things toppling over or broken
glass. Even after the shaking subsides, be careful not to be injured by scattered glass,broken ceramic objects, and other hazardous objects.

Check for fire hazards
If you are using an open Àame, stay calm and turn it off after the shaking subsides. If a¿re breaks out, take initial measures to put it out.
Details → p. 188

018

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Secure an exit
After the shaking subsides, open the room’s window, door, and the front door to secure a
way out to allow you to evacuate at any time.

Stay clear of glass or walls
If you are outdoors, you could be injured by falling roof tiles or broken glass, or betrapped under a collapsed concrete wall.

019

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Dangers at Home

Living room and kitchen
If you are in the living room, you must be careful about being trapped under tall furniturethat has toppled over, or injured by broken glass from windows or lighting ¿xtures. If you
feel a tremor, take cover in a place where you will be protected from falling objects or
furniture and other heavy items toppling over or sliding into you. You should also watch
out for things like large, heavy kitchen appliances such as refrigerators and microwave
ovens, as well as items Àying out of shelves.

020

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Once the tremor subsides, begin moving, wearing footgear like thick-soled
slippers to protect your feet. Secure an exit by opening the door. If you were
cooking, first protect yourself, and then after the shaking stops, calmly turn off
the flame.

021

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

BedroomBdProtect your head with items such as a pillow or bed quilt to avoid being directly hit
by broken window glass or falling ceiling lights, and move to a place where floor
lamps or dressing tables will not topple over on you. If you make it a habit to put yourglasses in an eyeglass case when you go to sleep, this can prevent them from breaking
and throwing you into a panic.

022

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

After the tremor subsides, put on thick-soled slippers and open the door to secure an
exit. Have a Àashlight ready for a possible power failure, so that you can move safely
even in the dark. Emergency lights that automatically turn on in the event of a blackout
are available at stores, so getting one for your bedroom might be a good idea.

023

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Second floor
The first floor of an old structure could
collapse and crush you, so don’t rush tothe ¿rst Àoor. If you are in a building that
does not meet the earthquake resistancestandards, decide whether you should
escape outside according to the situation.
Details → p. 106

ToiletYo u m i g h t g e t t r a p p e d i n s i d e , s oopen the door when you feel atremor. If possible, move to a safer
place, such as the hallway or front
entrance, so that you can quickly
evacuate.

Bathroom
The bathroom is a place where you caneasily get injured because you aren’t
wearing any clothing to protect you.
Cover your head with a washing basin orsomething to protect yourself from theshattered glass of the mirror or light bulb,
and quickly get out of the bathroom andmove to a safe place.

024

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Shards of glass and other dangerous items on the floor
If you step on shattered glass, broken pieces of ceramic or other materials on the Àoor,you could be injured and become unable to walk. Put on thick-soled slippers and moveto a safer place.

If trapped
If you are trapped inside a room or unable to move, don’t keep on shouting as this
could exhaust you and endanger your life. Instead, make large noises by, for instance,
using something solid to hit the door or walls to let others realize that you are in the
room.

025

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Dangers Away from HomeAt the office
Copy machines and other of¿ce furnishings on casters that have not been locked can movearound the room in an unpredictable manner. You could be severely injured if you are hit byone. You could even be killed if you are hit in the head by objects such as shards of broken
glass. While being careful of falling cabinets and shattered glass, you need to move to a safe
place to protect yourself from falling objects or furniture and other heavy items toppling over orsliding into you.

026

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Once the shaking has subsided and you are ready to evacuate, be sure to use thestairs because elevators could shut down from aftershocks and power failures. Highrise buildings shake for a longer period of time, and the higher you are in a building,the more pronounced the shaking—so much so that you may not be able to remain
standing. Quickly ¿nd a safe place to take cover and wait for the shaking to stop.

027

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Business and shopping districts
While protecting yourself from falling objects and debris, and watching out forcollapsing buildings, move to a safe place such as a park. If you are unable to Àee to an
open area, take refuge in a relatively new, reinforced concrete building that is seismic
resistant (see page 108). One of the scariest things that can happen in a crowd is theeruption of panic. Remain calm, especially in areas where a lot of people are gathered.

028

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Schools
To protect yourself from flying shards of window glass and falling lighting
fixtures in the classroom, move away from windows, take cover under a desk,
hold on to the desk’s legs, and wait until the shaking subsides. If you’re in
the hall, quickly move away from windows, and on the stairs, grab hold of
the railing to avoid losing your balance and falling. When the shaking stops,
follow the instructions of the teachers and staff.

029

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Train stations
Protect yourself from falling objects and move to the nearest column so you don’t fall
off the platform. If the platform is too crowded to move around, crouch down and wait
for the shaking to subside. In subway stations, there is the danger of panic breaking
out with people rushing to get above ground. Stay on the platform and never go on to
the tracks. Follow the instructions of the station staff once the shaking has stopped.

0 30

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Inside the train
Since trains will make an emergency stop when strong shaking is detected, you could
bump into someone or fall down. If you are seated, use your bag or something similar
to protect your head. If standing, protect yourself by crouching to the ground. In a
crowded train, ¿rmly grab a handrail or strap, and keep your feet ¿rmly planted on
the ground so you don’t fall over. Follow the instructions of the train crew once theshaking has ended.

031

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

In the car
Suddenly lowering your speed could cause a collision. Turn on your hazard lights andgradually slow down. Stop your car on the left side of the road, turn off the engine,
and wait for the shaking to stop. Move to a parking lot or open area if possible. Whenevacuating, leave your keys/smart keys in the car, and do not lock the car doors, sothat your car can be moved to let emergency vehicles pass. Leave a note with yourcontact information inside the car, and take any valuables and your car registration
along with you when you go.

0 32

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Expressways

Tunnels

To avoid colliding with other vehicles,
gradually reduce speed and bring the
car to a stop on the left side of theroad. There’s the possibility that theexpressway will be closed. Con¿rm thesituation over your car radio or othermeans.

As there is the danger of ceiling orwall collapse, if you are able to see thetunnel exit ahead, leave the tunnel at a
reduced speed. If you are in a very longtunnel, pull over to the left hand side andstop the car. Leave the keys in the carand evacuate from the tunnel using the
emergency exit.

Bridges and overpasses

Traffic restrictions on disaster
response routes
Disaster response routes are roads
designated for the smooth passage of
emergency vehicles directly following
an earthquake. Become familiar withtraf¿c restrictions that will take effectwhen a major earthquake strikes.
Details → p. 280

Since old bridges could collapse, if
you were about to finish crossing thebridge, reduce your speed and complete
the crossing. Since every bridge andoverpass shakes in a different way,
gradually slow down, pull over to theleft side of the road, and stop the car.

033

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Department stores, supermarkets, convenience stores
At department stores and supermarkets, watch out for items scattered across the floor
and broken product displays, and move near a stairway landing or support column. In
a convenience store, use a shopping basket, bag, or other item to protect yourself fromfalling objects.

Theaters, halls, stadiums
In facilities where a great number of people gather such as theaters,
halls, and stadiums, do not rush toward the emergency exit or stairs, butlisten to the public address system and follow instructions given by thestaff.

0 34

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Underground shopping areas
You could be injured if power failure causes the crowd to panic and stampede toward theemergency exit. Remain calm and protect yourself from falling objects. Wait near a column
or wall until the shaking subsides.

Airports
Even in the event a major earthquake directly strikes Tokyo, airport terminals are notexpected to sustain serious damages such as building collapse. However, you should still
be prepared to protect yourself from falling objects such as glass and ceiling components.

035

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

High-rise buildings
The higher the floor, the stronger the shaking will be. If you are a visitor in thebuilding, remain in a public area such as the elevator hall, crouch close to the ground,and listen for instructions over the public address system.
Details → p. 240

Elevators
If you are in an elevator and feel an earthquake, press the button for every Àoor andget off on the ¿rst Àoor the elevator stops at. If you become trapped, use the intercom
button to call for assistance.

0 36

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Mountainous areas
As there is the danger of being buried alive by a landslide in mountainous areas, you
should immediately move away from slopes and cliffs. Also be aware that events such as
aftershocks and rainfall increase the risk of sediment disasters.
Details → p. 152

Islands and coastal areas
At the earliest, a large tsunami could reach the coastline within minutes. Callout to those around you and promptly move to higher ground. If there is nohigher ground in the area, evacuate to a location such as a tsunami evacuation
tower.

037

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Things Not to Do When an
Earthquake Occurs

Do not light a ¿re as there is the dangerof igniting natural gas, causing an
explosion.

Do not reset your circuit breaker torestore the Àow of electricity as it could
start a ¿re.

Do not touch light switches as thereis the danger of sparking a fire or
explosion.

Do not use elevators as there is the danger ofgetting trapped inside.

0 38

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life1

Do not use the telephone for non-essential,
non-emergency calls directly following anearthquake as this could overload telephonelines.

Do not walk barefoot indoors as you
could be injured from broken glass andother debris.

Do not engage in rescue activities alone.
To reduce the risk of injury, work withseveral people when attempting to rescue
others.

Do not use a car to evacuate as it may
impede the passage of emergency
vehicles.

039

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Evacuation Flow Chart

DO
NOW

Danger of fire. Instructions given
to evacuate.

What to wear when evacuating- Helmet or protective hood
- Clothing that is easy to move in- Comfortable shoes with thick soles

Head toward the temporary evacuation
area (Elementary and junior highschools, neighborhood park)

Confirm the local situation (e.g. fires, evacuation orders)Danger of ¿re makes it impossible to go to the temporary evacuation area

Danger of fire. The
temporary evacuation
area is in danger.

No danger of fire. The
temporary evacuation
area is safe.

- Gloves

No danger

The right time to evacuate
Keep in mind that your decision on evacuation could be a matter of life ordeath. Don’t rely on others to make the decision on whether or not to evacuate,
but gather information from the radio, TV, and public authorities, and based on
information that you have confirmed with your own eyes and ears, decide how
to act using the above flow chart as reference.

0 40

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

*The following flow chart is an example of a two-stage evacuation. As the method of
evacuation will differ by municipality, please inquire at your local municipal office.

Evacuate to an
evacuation centerr(Elementary and juniorior
high schools, etc.))

Return home
/ Stay at home

Remain at thetemporaryevacuation area

Danger of firesubsidesCheck to see if your house is damaged

Evacuate to anaevacuation area
(Large park/
public space)

Damages are
too great tolive at home

Danger of firesubsidesNo damages

If your home is safe, try to stay at home. If your family members have been
separated, leave a memo at your home, use the disaster message services
provided by telephone companies, or other means of communication to set up
a meeting place.

041

1

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Decision to Evacuate

Gather correct information
After the shaking has stopped, you could be endangered if you act according to thewrong information. Before making a move, you need to gather proper information.
Use a battery-powered (or rechargeable) radio that will work even if there’s apower failure, TV, smartphone radio/TV, websites of the ¿re department and publicauthorities, and other reliable sources to gather correct information.
Details → p. 270

0 42

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life1

Use SNS
SNS such as Twitter and Facebook
are valuable sources of information.
However, during an emergency, false
rumors and information could also spreadthrough these sites. Don’t simply believe
such rumors. Make it a point to gather
correct information.

Confirm the safety ofyour family
When a disaster breaks out, people are
too preoccupied with protecting their own
lives, and could fail to realize that theirown hands and feet are bleeding or thatsomeone around them is hurt. When the
shaking stops, family members who aretogether should check among themselvesthat they are not hurt and that the house is
not in danger.

Confirm the situation
inside and outside thehomeAfter con¿rming the situation of the membersof your family who are with you, check theinside of the house. Con¿rm that all possible
sources of ¿re have been turned off and that
there is an evacuation route. While listening
to information over the radio and other media,
visually inspect the situation around you.

043

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Indiscreet actions are
dangerous
Rushing out of your house in a panic puts
you at risk of getting hurt by a falling
object. Stay calm and first confirm thesafety of your family and home. And
after doing so, confirm the situation
around you with your own eyes and ears,
such as if there are any dangerous objects
or buildings, or an outbreak of ¿re.

Confirm the safety ofneighbors
After confirming your family’s safety,
direct your attention to your neighbors.
Check to see if anyone has been enclosed,
entrapped, or hurt, and whether there isanyone who needs help in evacuating. In
times of emergency, it’s important to help
one another.

0 44

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life1

If you re away from home, stay where you are if it is safe
Immediately after an earthquake, roads and the areas around stations become very
crowded, and there’s also the risk of being hurt or losing your life in secondary
disasters such as the outbreak of a large-scale ¿re or building collapse. If the safetyof your company or school has been con¿rmed, do not immediately leave for home,
but stay and wait and see how the situation progresses. Discuss beforehand with yourfamily about how to contact each other and what actions to take immediately after anearthquake.
045Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

What to Do before Evacuating

Turn off possible sources of fireIn the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, about 10 percent of deaths were
due to fire. This shows how important first response fire extinguishingefforts are. If you discover a fire, and it is still small, use a fire
extinguisher or water to put it out. But in conducting such activities,
remember that your safety comes first. If the situation seems dangerous,
such as with flames reaching the ceiling, stop trying to extinguish the fireand evacuate the area.
Details → p. 188

0 46

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Turn off the circuit breakers

Close the main gas valve

If one of the household items that havefallen over is an electrical appliance that
has its switch on, it could cause a fire
when power is restored.

If the gas pipe or gas appliances
are broken, a gas leak could cause
an explosion when gas is restored.

Leave a memo

Using message boards and SNS

When evacuating your home, leave amemo with relevant information such as
your safety and that of your family andwhere you have evacuated to, and lockyour door when you leave.

Prepare multiple means for contact under
the assumption that phones will notwork. SNS will be useful, too.

Details → p. 128
047

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Important Points for Safe
Evacuation
Be careful about panicin crowds
In crowded areas, actions such assuddenly running have the dangerof causing a panic and resulting in
accidents. In order to prevent mass
panic through the spread of false rumors
and information, take care to act inconsideration of those around you.

Move along the wall inunderground spaces
Underground shopping areas during a
power outage are one of the places at ahigh risk of mass panic. As underground
shopping areas have emergency exits
located every 60 meters, do not join
everyone in rushing to one emergency
exit, but ¿nd another one close to you by
walking along the wall.

Evacuating from theapartment veranda
Verandas and balconies have panels
separating them from the unit next door.
These can be broken through during an
emergency such as the outbreak of a ¿re,to allow escape to the unit next door.
There are also evacuation hatches on theÀoor equipped with ladders to escape tothe unit below.

0 48

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Escape from smoke in a
fire
Smoke from a ¿re can be life threatening.
Try not to inhale the smoke whenescaping by covering your mouth andnose with something like a handkerchiefand crouching down as low as possible.
If you are unable to see ahead because of
the smoke, follow the wall to escape.

Before a tsunami
reaches the river
Concerns about tsunamis are not justlimited to areas near the ocean. Tsunamis
also move upstream in rivers. Evacuate
immediately in a direction at a right angle
from the river.

Know where the tsunami
evacuation sites are
If you are near the ocean at the timeof an earthquake, immediately moveto nearby higher ground or a tsunami
evacuation building. If there are none,
move to a higher building. At beacheswith lifeguards, follow their instructions
and evacuate.

049

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Protect yourself fromfalling objects
In residential areas you could be hurt or
killed by falling objects such as roof tiles,
the outdoor units of air conditioners,
and planter boxes. In shopping andoffice districts, be cautious of fallingsignboards, neon signs, and shards ofglass.

Don t touch power lines
Electricity could be flowing throughbroken or sagging power lines, posing thedanger of electrocution. Do not go nearsuch lines and never touch one. The same
follows if trees or signs are touching thepower line.

Buildings with cracks
are dangerous
You could be hurt or killed by sectionsof the outer wall or tiles falling frombuildings with cracks. If the pillars or
earthquake-resistant walls, which form
the basic structure of the building, arecracked, the building could collapse. Do
not go near such buildings.

050

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

What to be careful ofwhen evacuating at nightBecause of low visibility when evacuating
at night, there are the risks of stumblingor falling into roadside ditches. Be sure to
take particular cautions, such as using wide
roads. Use a flashlight when evacuating
at night during a power failure, and movecarefully while visually confirming thesituation.

What to be careful ofwhen evacuating during
the winter
Evacuation during the cold winter season
could affect your health. It is important totake sufficient measures against the cold
to maintain your health. The use of spaceheaters in the wintertime also has thedanger of causing fires. Evacuate while
being careful of ¿res.

051

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Helping Each Other

Helping each otherIn the event of a major disaster such as an earthquake directly hitting the capital, thefull efforts of the residents are important to overcome the situation. Don’t just think
about yourself or your family, but cooperate with those around you and help as many
people as possible. This concept of helping each other (mutual help) will help mitigate
the damage of the earthquake.

052

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life1

Don t hesitate torequest cooperation
If a person who has collapsed doesn’t
respond to you, request cooperation fromthose around you by calling for help in aloud voice. If there is an AED (automatedexternal defibrillator) nearby, ask forsomeone to bring it.
Details → p. 176

Tips to helping each otherIf you discover someone trapped undera pillar or beam, ask for the cooperationof others around you to help rescue him.
Confirm whether he is still conscious,and if so, it’s important to encourage
him. Using tools like a car jack could be
useful for rescue efforts.

Necessity of first-aid
In a large disaster, many people getinjured, but it could be imagined thatwith dif¿culties in passing through roads,
the arrival of ambulances will be delayed
and may not be in time to provide
medical assistance. Learn how to treat
minor injuries.
Details → pp. 178-187

053

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Staying at Home

Recommending that you stay at home
If you are able to continue living at home, it is recommended that you do not evacuate
to a shelter but stay at home. Life at an evacuation center negatively affects thehealth of some people due to reasons such as changes to their environment. Before an
earthquake strikes, it would be important to retro¿t your home against earthquakes,
always keep a stock of necessary goods such as water and food, and be prepared tostay at home to all possible extent.

054

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Alternatives to gas,
electricity and water
It will be reassuring to have alternatives
to lifelines prepared. Have a portable gas
cooking stove to take the place of gas, andbattery-operated headlamps to substitutefor lights. For water, always have a lot ofwater, such as bottled water, and confirm
where the nearby water supply point islocated.

Preparations for foodand daily essentials
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has
designated November 19 as “StockpilingDay.” If you always maintain extra
supplies of food and daily essentials
and consume this “daily stockpile” inyour everyday lives, it would be easy tocontinue having an emergency stockpileof goods at home.
Details → pp. 85-87

Use of the sewerCon¿rm if there is any sewer backÀow and
if your home’s sewage facilities are broken
or not. If the sewer system cannot be used
with, for instance, sewage overflowing
into the streets, use the portable emergency
toilet in your stockpile or toilets preparedby the authorities.

055

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Evacuation Center

What is an evacuation center?
An evacuation center is a place that temporarily takes in and protects people who cannot
continue to live in their homes. The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has about 3,000
evacuation centers comprising schools, community centers and other public facilities, andabout 1,200 secondary evacuation centers (welfare evacuation centers) that accept people
who would have dif¿culty living in a regular emergency shelter and need special care.

056

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Process of opening an evacuation center (example)
The following is an example of the process taken to open an evacuation center.
Normally, the facility is unlocked by the facility’s manager and preparations are
begun for its opening. However, at the onset of a disaster, the manager could be late inarriving because he himself was caught up in the disaster. It could thus be possible thatthe evacuees themselves have to prepare for the opening of the shelter.

1 Preparation to receive evacuees
The lock is opened, and preparations to receive evacuees
begin. Con¿rmation of safety within and around the facility
is made, such as confirming firefighting facilities andwhether a means of communication can be secured.

2 Preparing the layout
Discussions are held on what to install where, and matterssuch as the layout of the living space. An environment
where people can live is prepared.

3 Establishing a reception desk
Evacuees are guided from the temporary evacuation area tothe evacuation center, and registration begins. A name list
is prepared to grasp the situation of the local victims of thedisaster, including the evacuees and those needing care.

057

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Guide to Evacuation Life

Rules and manners at the evacuation center
Evacuees should uphold the rules of life at an evacuation center and help each otherby sharing duties to the extent possible. Entering or scrutinizing the living space ofa fellow evacuee, speaking in a loud voice, and smoking in non-designated areas goagainst manners. Consideration toward those who need care is also necessary at anevacuation center.

058

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

After arriving at the evacuation center (example)
The following is an example of what evacuees do after arriving at the evacuation
center. Please note that the process and rules differ from shelter to shelter. It is
important to uphold the rules in evacuation center operation and life. For evacuees tohelp each other and cooperate is indispensable.

1 Giving your contact information
After arriving at the evacuation center, give your address,
name, and contact information, and you will be groupedwith neighbors or by neighborhood association. Evacuees
who are stranded commuters or others having difficulty
returning home give this information.

2 Confirming the safety of family members,etc.
Con¿rm the safety of family members and neighbors. So
that those with hearing impairments can also understandthe information, write out the information on cardboard,etc.

3 Role sharing
Carry out the duties allotted to you such as helping out at theregistration desk or cooking. There are many things that need
to be done by cooperating with each other.

059

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

The Dos and Don'ts at an
Evacuation Center

Maintain privacy
Each residential space is the same as a house. Be sure to uphold each other’s privacy
by being especially considerate toward households with women, infants, and smallchildren, and those who need special care.
Details → p. 212

Use of the toilet
A large number of people use the facility’s toilets, and they may become clogged withtoilet paper. Use the toilets in the manner instructed by the facility.
Details → p. 200

060

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Securing water
When tap water is unavailable, follow the instructions of the facility’s manager andsecure drinking water and water for domestic use. If you are using well water as
drinking water, always ¿lter and then boil it.
Details → p. 199

Crime prevention
An evacuation center does not provide a perfect residential environment. Keep in mind thatyou have to protect yourself, and if you see someone acting suspiciously, contact the police
or facility staff.

061

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Take care of your health
The drastic change of environment could negatively affect your health. Be sure to takemeasures to care for your health. Drink enough water during the summer, and keep
warm during the winter.
Details → pp. 192-195, p. 197

Maintain sanitation
No shoes should be worn inside the facility. Divide the space into passageways and places
where the futon mats are laid out. Decide on a place to put rubbish, and be sure to tightly
close the garbage bags to prevent the outbreak of Àies and cockroaches.
Details → pp. 204-205

062

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Smoking rules
Be sure to follow the center’s rules on smoking so that you don’t bother thosearound you, and to prevent passive smoking and the outbreak of fires.

Pets
If you own a pet, you should follow the center’s rules and be responsible in looking
after your pet.

063

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Distribution of relief
Don’t be impatient and calmly wait foryour turn to come. Depending on thesituation, a single person’s share of foodand relief may have to be shared withother people. Consideration toward those
who need special care and cannot line up
is also important.

Sanitation in cooking
meals
Wash your hands carefully with soap
before cooking or arranging food,touching ingredients, and after using thetoilet. Cooking utensils should also be
washed and disinfected after each use.
Details → pp. 208-211

Prevention of foodpoisoning

064

Food poisoning can occur at any
time of the year. The best method
to prevent this is to wash yourhands. You should also be careful
about the dishes you use. Wheny o u a r e u n a b l e t o u s e w a t e r, o n egood method would be to serve
food on disposable containers thathave plastic wrap spread on them.
Details → pp. 223-224

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Prevention of
infectious diseases
Common colds, influenza, and othercontagious diseases can easily break out.
It is recommended that you wash yourhands and gargle frequently. When nowater is coming out of the taps, it would
be reassuring if you could have ethanol
ready as a disinfectant.

Sleep and turning off thelightsThere are many things about living
in an evacuation center that you are
not used to, and because of this,people often do not sleep well andconsequently become ill. There arethose who cannot sleep when thelights are on, and those who cannots l e e p w h e n i t ’s d a r k . O n e o p t i o nwould be to turn the lights off every
other day.
Details → p. 206

Prevention of heat stroke
Beware of heat stroke at an evacuation
center in the summer (especially children
and senior citizens). Frequently replenish
the water and salt lost by your body even
if you don’t feel thirsty, wear permeable
clothing that is absorbent and quickdrying, and avoid the heat.
Details → p. 197

065

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Consideration toward People
Who Need Special Care
People who need special care include expectant mothers, children, the elderly, foreign
nationals, and those with disabilities. Try to be considerate and supportive of suchpeople, including those who are wearing symbol marks such as Tokyo’s “Help Mark,”
which indicate that they have a disability that is not easily discernible.

Women and expectant
mothers
Women have concerns such as where
they can change their clothes, andmothers with infants are concerned
about breastfeeding their child. Women
who are pregnant or have just given
birth also need consideration for theirhealth and privacy.
Details → pp. 202-203
066

ChildrenChildChildren rid themselves of stress byplaying. Secure a place and time where
they can express their feelings andbecome refreshed.

Details → pp. 220-221

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1Si
SeniorsiilForeignnationals

At times, senior citizens may be
inconvenienced but will not comeout and say it. Try to speak to themfrequently in a cheery manner to keepthem from feeling alone or afraid.

Because of differences in customs andculture, and difficulty in understanding
the language, non-Japanese people
may be feeling afraid. It’s important toprovide them with proper information
through an interpreter or someone
capable of speaking a foreign language.
Details → pp. 288-291

067

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Returning to Daily Life

Accepting deathWith 19,225 fatalities in the Great East Japan Earthquake (as of March 1, 2015, Fireand Disaster Management Agency) and 6,434 fatalities in the Great Hanshin-Awaji
Earthquake (as of May 19, 2006, FDMA), many people had to accept the death of an
acquaintance or loved one. In the event of an earthquake directly hitting Tokyo, it isestimated that about 11,000 people will be killed and 210,000 injured.
Details → p. 250

068

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Moving into emergency
temporary housing
If you have lost your home, you canmove into emergency temporary housing(for two years in principle; could possibly
be extended). Move from the evacuation
center to emergency temporary
housing, and start on the road to living
independently as soon as possible.
Details → p. 259

Moving to the homeof a relative or
acquaintance
Another option would be for you tomove into the home of a relative or
acquaintance. It would be important tolighten the burden on them by stating thatyou will only be there until you find a
new home.

069

Earthquake!

Immediately After

Evacuation

Starting to Rebuild Your Life

Reopening business
The central government and theTokyo Metropolitan Government havevarious programs to support SMEs andagriculture, forestry, and ¿shery operators
in reopening their business. Apply to yourmunicipality to receive such support.
Details → p. 261

Working again
If you have lost your job due to thedisaster, you can look for work at
Hello Work (Japanese government’s
employment service center) or receive
support such as skills training.
Details → p. 260

Returning to school
If you have financial problems due to thedisaster, or if your school was damaged,
you can receive an emergency scholarshipto pay for expenses related to going toschool or transferring schools.
Details → p. 260

070

Evacuation Life

Rebuilding Your Life

1

Were you able to imagine the possible
dangers and actions you should take fromthe onset of an earthquake to rebuilding
your life? It is important that you picture
this happening to you. What dangers lurk
in your home... in your office... at school?
Imagining these as specifically as possible
is your first step to disaster preparedness.
Let's start now.

071

co l u m n

Learning from the Experience of Survivors of

The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake
and the Great East Japan Earthquake
Interview1

No victims through an accurate decision to evacuate
Toshiko Saito (resident of Ishinomaki City / 69 years old at the time ofthe disaster)At the time of the earthquake, I was on the board of our community association.
Immediately after the earthquake, I followed our earthquake response manual andchecked my neighborhood to see if there was anyone who had not managed to escape.
The ground Àoor of my house had been inundated with the tsunami, but the secondÀoor was usable, so I stayed at home and went to help out at the evacuation center
during the daytime.
Our community association was made up of about 1,200 households and 3,000
residents, and there were 30 board members. We not only participated in the city’sannual disaster drill, but also held our own drill, with neighbors actively socializing
with each other. Thanks to this, many of the residents knew what to do at the onset of
an earthquake and were able to accurately judge if it was necessary to evacuate, andalthough there were some people who died at their place of work, no one died at home
due to the earthquake and tsunami.
Through this experience, I became acutely aware of the fact that not only learning
about disaster preparedness, but maintaining communication with your neighbors fromnormal times are very important to protect lives and survive.

Fishing boat, the Kyotoku Maru No. 18, left stranded in the city of Kesennuma,
Miyagi Prefecture, at the time of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami. Although there
were calls to keep it as a symbol of the disaster, it was dismantled in October 2013.
©Nihon Bousai Kankyou/Kazuhiro Yamada072

Interview

2

Don t give up. Miracles happen.
Fukuhiro Mizuguchi (resident of Kobe City / 60 years old at the time ofthe disaster)I was sleeping soundly in my bedroom on the ¿rst Àoor, when a large shaking woke
me up. The instant I realized that this was not the usual earthquake, I was trapped
under my house that had collapsed and a wardrobe that had toppled over. My wife was
not at home at that time and was safe, but I was buried alive. My head was not hit,and since there was a narrow space between me and the ceiling panel, I was able tobreathe, but I was not able to move at all.
After a while, I had a loss of sensation in the lower half of my body, my whole body
felt like it was burning, my head hurt so much it felt like it was about to crack, myeyeballs were about to pop out, and I was resigned to the fact that I was going to die
there. But then when I thought about my family, relatives, my aging parents who were
not living with me, and my workplace, I felt that I couldn’t just die like this, and even
if I am going to die, I’m not going to give up until I do. I gathered all the energy I still
had left and poked my ¿nger out of the ceiling panel, and this ¿nger hit someone’s
hand. Just a few minutes more and I would have lost consciousness and died. I think
this spirit of never giving up brought about this miracle.
Interview

3

Thorough talks to resolve trouble
Masanori Murakawa (resident of Kobe City / 50 years old at the timeof the disaster)From municipal housing that had tilted 30 degrees and was about to collapse, I
evacuated to the gymnasium of a junior high school along with my neighbors.
The most distressing things about evacuation life were troubles arising fromgossip and pets.
Because we were all under stress due to concerns about our future lives,
dissatisfaction with the current situation, and other matters, the atmosphere at
the center often became quite awkward, with suspicion begetting idle fears.
For instance, there was a lot of trouble when a rumor spread that the city had
granted a subsidy somewhere. Discussions were held every night to haveeveryone wait until the city informs us of this, rather than be manipulated by
the rumors. It took one to two months for everyone to accept this.
Another problem was dogs. For the owner, a pet is a member of the family, but
we were opposed to having them inside because there were people who do not
like dogs, and also people who were ill. Thorough discussions were held on
this matter as well, and in the end it was agreed to have the owners keep thedogs on a chain outside the center. Through this experience, I became aware of
the fact that thorough communication is essential to overcoming problems.

073

1Interview

4Children in high spirits lift the spirits of adults as wellSetsuko Higashida (resident of Kobe City / 58 years old at the time ofthe disaster)

My home was not damaged so I stayed at home and went to the evacuation centerto give support. There were about 20 to 30 children of kindergarten and elementary
school age. At ¿rst they were quiet and stayed close to their parents, but later they
started to run around and were scolded by the adults for being too noisy.
On the third day after the earthquake, teachers came to con¿rm that the children weresafe, and it was decided to let them play at the school. After playing at the school foran hour or so, the children came back in good spirits. And after a while, the 5th and6th graders started to help by, for instance, taking down the names of visitors anddistributing boxed lunches. Children taking the initiative to ¿nd roles that they canserve and becoming revitalized by working for the sake of others, revitalized the adults
as well.
But mental care for the children is also essential. If an adult who is close to themstays nearby and shows understanding toward what the children are saying, they willcalm down. In order for children to survive the earthquake, it would be important forparents and children to promise to “protect themselves by themselves.”

Ms. Higashida’s son’s home, which collapsed during the Great
Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake (her son was rescued). © Setsuko
Higashida074

Interview

5

You are responsible for protecting your life
Yoko Yamada (resident of Ishinomaki City / 45 years old at the time ofthe disaster)On the day after the earthquake, I went from the evacuation center to the area near
my house. The tsunami had swept away the houses from where my home stood to theseaside, and there were none left. I wasn’t able to see my house over the mountain of
rubble, but I think it was also swept away. I realized that I wouldn’t be able to move
forward unless I accept this. That was the start of my life at the evacuation center.
At ¿rst, there was hardly any support, and I was resigned to the fact that I would haveto do whatever I was able to do by myself. A local nurse came to the evacuation centeras a volunteer. When I discussed the situation of my brother who was on dialysis, I
was asked to help the nurse with people among the 2,000 some evacuees, who had
become ill or had disabilities, and with ¿rst-aid for people living near the evacuation
center who fell ill.
Through my participation in this harsh environment where people’s lives are at stake,I learned that I should say “no,” when I myself was unable at that moment to respondor did not know the answer to questions from the evacuees. In an emergency, to give
people expectations to no avail will just invite confusion. I realized that when an
earthquake strikes, it would be dif¿cult to protect yourself and survive unless you do
whatever you can do by yourself.

Interview

6

The experience fundamentally changed in my life
Hideki Taga (resident of Tokyo / 27 years old at the time of thedisaster)Right after the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, the phones weren’t working,and with no information coming in, I was forced to decide what to do byrelying on the words of other survivors. Hearing the voices of people trapped
under buildings calling for help and seeing people who were crushed as I
moved toward safety, I felt that life as I knew it was falling apart.
Patients that I had seen as a graduate student in clinical psychology who had
said they wanted to do die, survived, and in the earthquake, people who wanted
to live, had died. This experience made me want to go into work that keeps
people alive and supports their lives. Following this, I entered a nursing schooland became a nurse. The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake fundamentallychanged my life.

075

1Interview

7

Mental care for children
Maiko Fujita (resident of Tokyo / 7 years old at the time of the disaster)I was 7 years old at the time of the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake. I remember thatit took quite a long time for me to understand that an earthquake had struck. I wasstartled by the large shaking, and living at home after that was also quite difficult.
Somehow, it just didn’t seem real. But then I saw a district that was hit especiallybadly. The sight of the expanse of burnt ruins from the train window is something that
I will probably vividly remember forever. This was one month after the earthquake
struck, but I was very shocked by how bad the situation was. I think it was then that I¿nally realized that my town had been destroyed.
Since then, I didn’t want to talk about that time or look at pictures, and it took quite along time for me to accept what had happened to me. Children have to become adults
while holding such experiences. I think it is important to not only teach them about
how formidable an earthquake is, but to have them become capable of overcoming thedisaster.

Interview

8

Harsh life at the evacuation center spent with my young children
Aoi Kimura (resident of Higashimatsushima City / 26 years old at thetime of the disaster)I spent one week at the evacuation center with my sons, ages 5 and 6, and my
6-month-old daughter, who was just about to start eating baby food. The junior highschool gymnasium that we evacuated to was not a designated evacuation center andso it didn’t have any stockpiles. We had to try to stay warm with just the clothes wewere wearing. And since my daughter was about to switch to baby food, I was notproducing much milk, and so in place of baby food, I had to give her the food rations
that were distributed starting the next day. Life at the evacuation center was stressful
for the boys. People would look obviously annoyed when my daughter cried just alittle or if my sons shouted and ran around, so I spent much of my time apologizing.
There were people who helped us, but my sons were getting frustrated, and I was
getting mentally exhausted. I was ¿nally able to get rid of this stress when we returned
to our house although the power and water supply lines had not yet been restored.
I had never even considered carrying around emergency goods with me when goingout with my children. It would have made life at the evacuation center so much easierif I had a bib for the baby, wet wipes to use as baby wipes or to clean their hands, a
portable Àashlight, and other such items. I now carry these things around with me at
all times, and live with a heightened awareness of disaster preparedness.

076

Disaster Preparedness Quiz
Q1

1

What should be the ¿rst thing you do when you feel the tremors of anearthquake?
Answer → p. 17

Q2

What should you do if you are using something with a Àame when theearthquake strikes?
Answer → p. 18

Q3

What should you do if you are trapped in your room and/or cannot move due to theearthquake?
Answer → p. 25

Q4
Q5
Q6
Q7
Q8
Q9

What should you do if an earthquake strikes when you are at school?
Answer → p. 29

What shouldn’t you do right after the tremors subside?
Answer → p. 38

What should you do before evacuating?
Answer → p. 46

What should you be cautious of when evacuating?
Answer → p. 48

When you see a ¿re, how should you escape and in what direction?
Answer → p. 49

What word do we use to mean helping each other to overcome theearthquake?
Answer → p. 52

Q10

Who are “people who need special care”?
Answer → p. 66

077

10 Key Points to Observe
When an Earthquake Strikes
During the earthquake

1

Earthquake! First, protect yourself

Details ĺpp. 17, 20-23

When you feel a tremor or receive an earthquake early warning, ¿rst, protect
yourself.
Hide under a sturdy table or a place where you will be protected from falling
objects or furniture and other heavy items toppling over or sliding into you, andwait for the shaking to subside.
Points to heed on high floors(from about the 10th floor and up) Details ĺ p. 36
On high Àoors, the swaying could last for several minutes.
In addition to causing objects to fall or furniture, etc., to topple over, thelarge, slow swaying could cause them to slide a large distance.

Immediately after the earthquake

2

Stay calm and check possible sources of fire. Take first
response fire extinguishing measures if necessary Details ĺ p. 18
If you are using an open flame, stay calm and turn it off after the shaking
subsides.
If a ¿re breaks out, act calmly and put it out.

3

Hasty actions could cause injuries

4Open the window or door, and secure an exit

Details ĺ p. 18

Be careful of fallen objects, furniture, etc., that has toppled over, and broken
glass inside the room.
Don’t rush out or you could be injured by falling tiles, broken window glass, andsignboards.
Details ĺ p. 19

After the shaking has subsided, secure an exit for evacuation.

5

Stay clear of gates or walls

Details ĺ p. 19

If you feel the tremor while outside, stay clear of concrete block walls and otherthings that could collapse.

078

1

After the Earthquake

6

Fire and tsunami: safe evacuation

7

Correct information and proper actions

8

Details ĺ pp. 40, 48-51

If your area is in danger of a large-scale ¿re, and you feel endangered, evacuate
to a temporary evacuation area or evacuation area.
If you are near the ocean and feel a large tremor or if a tsunami alert has been
issued, quickly evacuate to a safe place such as high ground.
Details ĺ p. 42

Gather correct information from the radio, TV, fire department, and thegovernment.
Confirm the safety of your family and neighbors

Details ĺ p. 44

After con¿rming the safety of your family, check if your neighbors are safe.

9

Cooperate with each other for rescue and relief

Details ĺ p. 53

Neighbors should cooperate in rescuing and providing relief to people
who have been trapped under collapsed houses or furniture.

10 Before evacuating, check your electricity and gas Details ĺ p. 47
If you need to evacuate, turn off the circuit breakers and close the main gas valve
before evacuating.

079

Stockpiles
p. 84

Preparing Inside
the Homep. 94
Preparing Outside
the Home
p. 114
Communication
p. 122080

150629_2-en.indd 080-081

Let s Get Prepared
DisasterPreparedness
Actions2

What may protect you and your family in theevent of the earthquake could be just one pieceof knowledge, just one tool, or just some simple
communication. Small preparations transform
into enormous help. In this chapter, we havecompiled things you can do now to prepare fora disaster. Don't regret not doing so after amajor disaster hits. Let's start preparing now.

081

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Four Preparations to Do Now

Stockpiling goods

Preparing outside the home

What is most indispensable at the time of a disaster is astockpile of food and daily essentials. Have a stockpile
ready to continue living at home and to survive.

Concept of “daily stockpiles”→ p. 85

Know the area around your house→ p. 114

Essential stockpile items→ p. 86

Confirm evacuation places→ p. 115→ p. 88

Know the topology→ p. 116

Preparation of an emergency bag→ p. 90

Know your community’s earthquakerisk→ p. 118

Five key points→ p. 93

Know where you will be able toprotect yourself→ p. 120

Household stockpile list

Preparing inside the home
You need to take measures to prevent objects fromfalling or furniture from toppling over or sliding into
you in order to avoid being trapped, and to prevent glassfrom shattering. It’s also important to not have objects
blocking passageways.

Prepare through communication
Cooperation with your neighbors is indispensable in adisaster. Make it a point to exchange greetings with yourneighbors and participate in disaster and fire drills held by
your community association.

Points to stabilizing furniture→ p. 96Hold a family meeting→ p. 122

Tools to prevent objects fromfalling, toppling over, or moving→ p. 98

Community networking→ p. 124→ p. 100→ p. 125

Furniture stabilizing checklist

Disaster preparedness in apartmentbuildings

Protect yourself from the tremors
through seismic retrofitting→ p. 106

Confirm safety and collectinformation→ p. 128

Fire prevention measures to preventthe outbreak or spread of fire

→ p. 109

Participate in fire and disaster drills→ p. 130082

150629_2-en.indd 082-083

2In order to evacuate safely, you should know thesituation around your house and your community’s levelof risk. It’s also important to check the evacuation routes
and walk through them.

083

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Stockpiling Goods

DO
N OW

Replenish items
before you run out

Buy extra
food and daily
essentials

2

Consume items
in daily life

Always maintaina little morethan you need

Importance of stockpiling at home

The daily stockpile concept

Once a major earthquake strikes, it is anticipated that lifelines such as
electricity, gas, and water will be damaged, and the supply of goods will beinterrupted. Given that following the earthquake, many Tokyo residents are
expected to remain in homes that were spared collapse or serious damage fora period of time, it is important for everyone to prepare the items necessary tocontinue living at home ahead of time.

Until now, it was thought that stockpiling emergency supplies was special andinvolved preparing items not normally used such as ship biscuits and flashlightheadbands. As such, there are probably many people who gave up, believing thatmanaging and maintaining a stockpile was difficult. However, the “daily stockpile”
method allows you to easily create an emergency stockpile just by buying a little moreof the food and essentials that you normally use on a daily basis.

084

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085

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Essential Stockpile Items

DO
N OW

The following lists are examples of the bare minimum of items you shouldstockpile. Because each household is different, you should consider what isbest for each member of your household and create your stockpile.

Items that disaster survivors found valuable
The following is a list of items that people who experienced evacuation life ina disaster-stricken area found particularly helpful. Households with infants orelderly family members should always keep an extra supply of items absolutely
essential to their daily lives such as diapers and medications. The same can besaid for household members who are ill, on a special diet, or have allergies.
Water

Emergency toilet

Radio (rechargeable

Portable gas cooking stove andFlashlight

type, etc.)

canisters

Batteries

Plastic bags

Everyday medications

2

Plastic wrap

Daily items
Large plastic bags can also be used to transport water from a water supply point or as
emergency toilets. Select items according to your lifestyle.
Water for domestic use

Sanitary napkins

Radio (rechargeable type, etc.)

Medications for a chronic

Disposable body warmers

Spare battery for yourdisease/everyday medications

Lighter

mobile phone

First aid kit

Garbage bags/large plastic

Latex gloves

Tissue paper

bagsFlashlight

Toilet paper

Emergency toilets

Batteries

Wet wipes

Food and water
Food such as canned food can be consumed without being heated. Vegetable juice canhelp compensate for vitamin and mineral deficiencies.
Water (for drinking, cooking, etc.)

Food that can be consumed without being heated

Staple foods (heat-and-eat rice, noodles, etc.)(“kamaboko” steamed fish paste, cheese, etc.)

Side dishes (canned food, heat-and-eat dishes, frozen food)Snacks and sweets (chocolate, etc.)

Canned food (fruit, azuki beans, etc.)

Nutritional supplements

Vegetable juice

Seasonings (soy sauce, salt, etc.)

086

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087

2015-08-30 오후 2:37:50

Household Stockpile List

DO
N OW

Supplies for everyday use (to always be stocked)
Food

Items and amounts of
the household stockpile“Daily stockpiles” is based on theconcept of stocking extra supplies
of food and other daily items toprepare for an emergency. Because
different households have different
circumstances, it would be importantfor you to consider what items
and how much of them are needed
for your family to continue living
at home after a disaster, and thenprepare those items as your own“household stockpile.”

Daily
items

Model family: A family of four̶husband, wife, infant and elderly woman
FatherMotherChild
Grandmother

Kyotaro Azuma (40)
Teacher; likes curry
Kyoka Azuma (36)Works for an insurance company;
currently on maternity leave; uses contactlensesKyonosuke Azuma (11 months)
Allergic to eggs
Kyoko Azuma (70)
Has high blood pressure; wears dentures;has poor hearing
Supplies for everyday use(to always be stocked)

Items thatdisastersurvivors
have
found
valuable

Water (for drinking, cooking and otheruse): 12 2-liter bottles
Portable gas cooking stove: 1;
canisters: 6
Medicine, non-prescription drugs: 1box each

For
women

Emergency toilet: about 30
times worth (each to be used
several times)
Flashlight: 2
Batteries
Hand-rechargeable or other typeof radioStaples
Pre-washed rice: 5 kg; heat-and-eat rice:
6; dried noodles: 1; instant noodles: 3
Main dishCanned food (e.g. miso-stewed mackerel,vegetables): 6 eachHeat-and-eat food: 9Canned food (fruit, etc.): 1
Vegetable juice: 9
Drinks: 6 500-ml bottles
Cheese, “kamaboko” steamed fish paste,etc.: 1 pack eachSnacks: 3
Nutrition bars, etc.: 3 boxes; powderedhealth drink: 1 bag
Seasonings: 1 set
Large plastic bag, garbage bag: 30 each
Plastic bag
First-aid kit
Plastic wrap: 1
Tissue paper: 5 boxes
Toilet paper: 12 rolls
Disinfecting wet wipes: 1 box (about 100)
Disposable contact lenses: 1-month supply
Disposable body warmer: 10
Ignition stick: 1

2

Spare battery for mobile
phone: 3 (the number ofmobile phones)
Latex gloves: 1 box(about 100)

Sanitary napkins: about 60

For
infants

Powdered infant formula: about 20 single
packets(allergen-free)
Baby food: at least 1-week supply(allergen-free)
Baby wipes: 1 pack
Diapers: about 70

For theelderly

Rice gruel or other soft food, food for theelderly: at least 1 week supply
Medicine (prescription drugs): 1-month
supplyBattery for hearing aid: 6
Denture cleaner: about 30

Supplies for a disaster

Supplies for a disaster*Based on the above list, prepare your own set of items that meet the needs of your household.

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089

2015-08-30 오후 2:37:55

Emergency Bag

DO
N OW

An emergency bag is a bag that contains the minimum essentials needed for thetime being after you evacuate. In preparing an emergency bag, it is important tothink about what each of you would need, and select items to be put in the bag. Pack
those items in bags such as knapsacks, and place them near the front entrance orin the bedroom, car, or shed so that you can carry them out even if your house hascollapsed.

Emergency bag that is always carried aroundIn case a disaster occurs while you are out, always carry the minimum requirements inyour bag. Remove the batteries from the portable radio.
Portable radio

Light

Battery

Mobile phone battery

Toothbrush

Emergency toilet

recharger for mobile phone

Coins

Emergency set / blanket

WhistleWater bottle

2

Map

Emergency bag to be kept at workplace
Aside from what your employer has in stock, prepare your own emergency supplies
by imagining what you would need if you have to stay overnight at your workplace orwalk home.
Comfortable shoes

HelmetEmergency foodLightFirst-aid kit

Work gloves

Sleeping bag

Emergency toilet

Raincoat

Water bottle

Important items you should keep together
Keeping certificates or other important documents in a plastic case with a fastener can also
protect them from water. It might be a good idea to carry a photograph of your family incase you need it.

Flashlight

BlanketFood

Baby bottle

Portable radio

Batteries

Instant noodles

Cash

HelmetLighter

Can opener

First-aid kit

Protective hood

Candles

Knife

Bankbook

Work gloves

Water

Clothing

Seal

090

150629_2-en.indd 090-091

Photograph of your family

Driver’s license

Pension record

Bankbook

Health insurance card

Seal

Stock certificate

Medication record

Passport

091

2015-08-30 오후 2:37:57

co l u m n

Living without help for a week

Anyone Can Prepare Daily
Stockpiles

Daily stockpiles is keeping extra supplies of daily items
If a major disaster strikes and disrupts infrastructure, it would even be difficult for
the authorities to respond quickly. You should thus keep a stockpile of items that canallow you to live without relying on anyone for at least a week until relief arrives. Thisis the idea of emergency stockpiles. Simply buy and stock the items you always needat home and use them in order of purchase. You don’t need to buy something special
for an emergency. This is the concept of daily stockpiles, and it is not difficult. Prepareby simply buying and keeping a little more food and daily items than usual.
If food in the refrigerator is taken into consideration, what you need to prepare
becomes smaller (See “Five key points for stockpiling”). However, it is importantfor families with infants, the elderly, and/or people with an illness to prepare extra
supplies of specifically necessary items that would not be available immediately aftera disaster, such as powdered infant formula and daily medicine. Take the time to think
about what you will need to survive and prepare a stockpile tailored to your lifestyle.

Five key points fo r stockpiling

1

2

3

Difference between staying at home and staying elsewhere
After a disaster, some stay at home and others evacuate and stay elsewhere. People
staying at home will live on their own stockpiles, and those who cannot continue
living at home will stay at evacuation centers. Necessary supplies are totally different
for people staying at home and those staying at evacuation centers.
If you have to evacuate from your home because it had collapsed or burned down,
you will only be able to carry the minimum essentials because the top priority isprotecting your life. In that case, it will be difficult to use your stockpiles. Therefore
what you need when you leave home is an emergency bag containing the minimum
requirements, which is compact enough to be carried to the evacuation center. The
minimum requirements vary from person to person, so it is important that you think by
yourself about what you need to survive and prepare those items, rather than simply
buying items based on a prepared list.

092

150629_2-en.indd 092-093

4

5

A refrigerator is a storage place for food
It is said that a typical household has a one to two-week supply of food,including items in the refrigerator. If you start with food in the freezer, go
on to items in the refrigerator, and then to the remaining food, you will beable to live on your regular stock of food for several days.

2

Importance of water for domestic use
When water supply is cut off, a major difficulty you will face is not having
water for domestic use. To prepare for this, always have the bath tub filledwith water. If you live in an apartment, water in the receiving tank of thebuilding will also be available, but rules on how this will be distributed to
the residents must be decided in advance.
Must-haves for all-electric housing
In all-electric houses, you cannot even boil water if the power supply issuspended. With boiled water, you can prepare instant noodles and manyother kinds of food. So stock portable cookers and canisters. For houses thatare not all-electric as well, portable cookers will be very helpful when thegas supply is suspended.
If you live alone
If you live alone and often shop at convenience stores, you probably don’t
have a week’s supply of food in your refrigerator. Try purchasing a little
more of your favorite items such as instant noodles, heat-and-eat food,snacks and beer at the convenience store to build up your stock.
Be aware of the use-by date
Just like food, items such as batteries, medicine and disposable warmers
also have use-by dates. Regularly check the dates so you will not run into
problems when they become necessary.

Based on information provided by Professor Kishie Shigekawa, Graduate School of Environmentand Disaster Research, Tokoha University093

2015-08-30 오후 2:38:01

Preparing Inside the Home NDOOWKeep furnishings to aminimum
Through the use of closets andbuilt-in storage spaces, try to keep
furnishings to a minimum in living
areas. By promptly moving to an area
clear of objects when you hear anearthquake early warning, you canincrease your level of safety.

2

Ensure escape routes
are clear
Plan the layout of your furniture toensure that your escape route anddoorways are clear of obstructions.
Use built-in shelves for storage rather
than placing furnishings near theentrance to a room or in the hallway.
Furthermore, be aware that drawers
may slide out during an earthquake,and consider the direction a piece offurniture faces.

Prevent secondary
disasters such as fires
30-50 percent of earthquake-related injuries in recent
years were caused by falling objects or furniture andother heavy items toppling over or sliding into people.
While the best protection against such injuries is to not to put anything in a room, thismay not be realistic. The next best approach is to arrange furniture so that you won’t
be crushed by it. If you also install stabilizing devices to prevent objects from fallingor furniture and other heavy items from toppling over or sliding, you can reduce therisk of injury.

094

150629_2-en.indd 094-095

If furnishings or other objects fall onto or
slide into a gas heater, this could cause
a secondary disaster such as a fire. In
addition, it is essential that steps be taken to
stabilize furniture or electrical appliancesthat could spark a fire in order to prevent
them from falling, toppling over, or sliding.

095

2015-08-30 오후 2:38:02

Furniture Stabilization
MeasuresDO
N OW

Stabilize furniture on
casters
For furniture that you move on a daily
basis, lock casters when you are notmoving it around. If the piece has afixed location, attach it to the wall or
floor using a detachable safety strap
or other means. For furnishings thatyou do not normally move, install
devices such as caster cups or tension
rods to stabilize them.

2

Prevent furniture legs
from sliding
Even furnishings not set against a wallthat are not tall require measures toprevent them from sliding, especiallytables and chairs. Affix adhesive anti-slip
pads to furniture legs, or on carpet, use
slide prevention mats.

Securing furniture to the wall is the most basic
way to prevent items from tipping over or sliding.
Once you have planned the layout of your furniture, it is now time to secure it in placethrough the use of various stabilizing devices. The surest way to achieve this is to use
L-brackets and screws to secure a piece of furniture to the wall. If this is not an option,using tension rods in conjunction with tip-over prevention wedges or anti-slip pads
will raise the level of effectiveness.

096

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Measures to counter longperiod ground motion
Strong, slow shaking that lasts for an
extended period is characteristic of longperiod ground motion (see page 240).
To prepare for this type of shaking, youneed to pay special attention to hanging
lighting fixtures and items in the homethat contain water such as aquariums andwater dispensers. Take steps to stabilize
these items using the appropriate safety
devices.

097

2015-08-30 오후 2:38:08

Stabilizing Devices

2

L-brackets (installed facing
downward)
Secure furniture to the wall using woodscrews or bolts. L-brackets can beinstalled using the slide method, facing
upward, or facing downward. Installingthe brackets facing downward offers thestrongest support.

Tension rods and pole devices
These devices are not secured using
screws, but are installed in the space
between the piece of furniture and theceiling. By pairing these devices with
anti-slip gel pads and tip-over prevention
wedges, stability is increased.

Anti-slip sheets (pad type)

Detachable furniture safety straps

These sticky gel pads act to grip theunderside of the piece of furniture,adhering it to the floor.

Attach furniture on casters to the wallwith furniture safety straps to prevent
movement.

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150629_2-en.indd 098-099

ChainsUse chains or wires to attach hanging
lighting fixtures to the ceiling to provide
extra stability.

Caster cups
Place the cups under caster wheels toprevent furniture from moving.

Tip-over prevention wedges
Insert the wedge beneath the front of thepiece of furniture and lean it toward thewall.

Anti-shatter glass film
Apply this film to glass doors and windows toprotect against flying glass in the event a glass
surface shatters.

099

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Furniture Stabilizing
Checklist

DO
N OW

2

Living room, kitchen
Hanging lighting fixtures

Use chains to prevent fixtures from swinging.

Television

Stabilize the TV on the TV stand using a detachable
furniture safety strap or other method. Affix the stand to
the wall using L-brackets, and prevent the TV from sliding
through the use of anti-slip pads.

Microwave oven

Stabilize the microwave on the stand using anti-slip
pads or safety strap devices, and secure the stand to the wallusing L-brackets.

Tables and chairs

Affix anti-slip pads to the legs of tables and chairs toprevent sliding.

1 00

150629_2-en.indd 100-101

Cupboards, china Place cupboards where they won’t obstruct escape from thecabinets
house, even if they tip over, and secure them to the wall.
Apply anti-shatter film to any glass.
Drawers

Install safety latches to prevent drawers from sliding out.

Cabinets

To prevent the items stored inside from flying out, installsafety latches on cabinet doors.

Refrigerator

Place the refrigerator where it won’t obstruct evacuation from thehouse, and secure it to the wall using a safety strap or other device.
Don’t put items on top of the refrigerator that could easily fall off
during an earthquake.

101

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2

Bedrooms
Bed

Window glass

Prevent sliding by attaching anti-slip pads to the legs of the bed
or other method. Don’t hang framed pictures, wall clocks, orother items on the wall or ceiling near the bed.

Stackable storage

Apply anti-shatter film to windows.

Chest of drawers,

boxes, shelves

wardrobes
Furniture on casters

1 02

150629_2-en.indd 102-103

When not moving furniture, lock casters, insert caster cups, andsecure the unit to the wall with furniture safety straps.

Join upper and lower units with connectors and secure units to thewall with L-brackets. Don’t put items on top of the unit that could
easily fall off during an earthquake.
Place chests and wardrobes where they won’t obstruct yourescape route and doors. Secure the unit to the wall or ceiling using
L-brackets or tension rods, and place a tip-over prevention wedge
under the unit.

103

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2

Offices
Entrances
Around desks

Don’t place items near entrances in order to keep the escaperoute clear.
Secure computers to desks using anti-slip pads or safety straps, and join desks
together with connectors.

S t o r a g e u n i t s Secure units to the wall using L-brackets.
along the wall
Install latches on drawers and cabinet doors. Join upper and lower
units with connectors. Don’t place items on top of storage units that
could easily fall off during an earthquake.

1 04

150629_2-en.indd 104-105

Copy machines

Stabilize each unit by installing stabilizing adjusters under themachine, and secure it to the wall using safety straps.

Partitions

Lay out partitions in formations that will not easily fall oversuch as H or U-shaped formations and secure them to thefloor.

Bulletin boards

Secure bulletin boards to the wall with L-brackets to ensure they
don’t fall down.

Windows

Apply anti-shatter film to the glass. Don’t place items in front of
windows that could easily fall over.

105

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Seismic Retrofitting

DO
N OW

Seismic resistance checklist
First, check your seismic resistance by yourself using the following list. If a lot of thecheck points apply for your house, have a professional conduct a seismic inspection.

2

The house was built before June 1, 1981.
New extensions were built two or more times. A section of the wall orcolumn was removed for the extension.
In the past the house suffered major damage such as flooding, fire, or
earthquakes.
The house is located on reclaimed land, swampy lowland, or developed
land.
The building foundation is made of something other than reinforced
concrete.
A window makes up a whole wall.
Relatively heavy roofing materials such as Japanese tiles or western tiles
are used, and the ground floor has few walls.
The building is in an L-shape or T-shape, and has an uneven structure.
There is a large atrium.
It seems like the doors and windows are badly fitted, and the pillars and/or floor are tilted.
There’s a crack in the wall.
The veranda or balcony is damaged.

Importance of seismic retrofitting to keep frombeing crushed to deathSome 80 percent of the people who were killed in the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake
were crushed to death by collapsed buildings. It is said that buildings that wereconstructed over 30 years ago, before the new building code for seismic resistancecame into effect on June 1, 1981, have low safety against a major earthquake. Thesebuildings should be inspected for seismic resistance.

1 06

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107

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Seismic retrofitting
consultation desk

Fire Prevention Measures NDOOWThe Tokyo Metropolitan Government
has a consultation desk for seismic
retrofitting. Consultation is free (p. 269).
Some municipalities have programs to
subsidize part of the costs of seismic
inspections and retrofitting.

2

Seismic retrofitting ofapartment buildings
The owners association should gather
information on seismic resistance,
have the building undergo a seismic
inspection, and based on this, discuss theissue of seismic retrofitting.
Details → p. 125

Tokyo Metropolitan
Seismic Certification MarkSo that Tokyo residents can feel safe usingbuildings, this mark shows the safety of thebuilding against earthquakes. Buildings withthis mark have been confirmed to comply
with seismic resistance standards.

1 08

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Importance of measures to prevent theoutbreak and spread of fires
It is critical to prevent the outbreak of fires and stop their spread. To equip your housewith fire extinguishers, household fire alarm systems, ground fault circuit interrupters,
and earthquake-tripped circuit breakers is also said to be effective. When evacuating,close the main gas valve, and turn off the circuit breakers.

109

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Fire extinguishers for home use

Fire prevention checklist

These are small and lightweight, and can be easily used,even by women and the elderly. There are two types of fire
extinguisher agents—water and alkali salt, and powder. There isalso an even more simple and compact aerosol spray type. The
expiration period differs by type, so be sure to note the date andreplace them accordingly. Considering situations in which theextinguishers might be used, keep them where you can easily
get your hands on them, such as near the kitchen, in the hallway,
or by the front door.

There are three main causes for the outbreak of fire at the time of anearthquake: fire from electrical current leaks or when power is restored,
fire from gas leaks, and fire from oil stoves. Inspect your house for fire
prevention and take measures to prevent fires from occurring.

Electricity

Carpet or furniture is not covering the power cords.
Electrical appliances not in use are unplugged.
Fish tanks, flower vases or other containers of water are not locatednear electrical appliances.
You know where the circuit breaker panel is.

Gas

Propane gas tanks are fixed with chains, etc., to prevent them fromfalling over.
In the case of city gas or propane gas, the micom-meter (intelligent
gas meter) is still within its period of validity.
The space around the kitchen range is not cluttered, and has no
flammable objects.
The gas hose is not degraded.

Oil stove

There are not flammable objects around the oil stove.
Measures are taken to prevent the stove from falling over.

Other

No flammable objects are placed in locations that could be
evacuation routes such as the hallways or stairs.
The sections of the house that are adjacent to the house nextdoor have metal shutters or windows with wire glass.

Fire alarm systems
Devices installed on the ceilings of the bedroom, kitchen, and otherrooms, detect smoke and heat from fire, alert you through a noiseor voice alarm, and help prevent delays in escaping. To ensure that
this alarm system works properly in an emergency, be sure that thebatteries haven’t run out and periodically check their operation bypressing the test button.

Ground fault circuit interrupter
This device automatically shuts down the power inabout 0.1 seconds after an abnormal current flow due
to electrical current leaks or other problems. This isinstalled in the distribution switchboard and shuts
down all the power if there is an electrical current leakanywhere in the house. Check to see if you alreadyhave ground fault circuit interrupter installed, and if not,it would be reassuring if you install one.

2

Earthquake-tripped circuit breaker
This device detects the strong shaking of an earthquakeand shuts down the power. Along with fire extinguishers
and ground fault circuit interrupters, the installation ofthis device is said to enhance prevention of the outbreakof electrical fires. There are different types such as socket
types, distribution switchboard types, and simple types, withsome giving consideration to matters such as securing lights
during a power outage, and maintenance.

110150629_2-en.indd 110-111

111

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Checking Electricity,
Gas, and Water Supply

co l u m n

DO
N OW

Protect lives through installation in existing houses

Earthquake-resistant sheltersthat can be installed at low costs
Have you ever heard of an earthquakeresistant shelter? These are installed in
an existing house, and can protect yourlife by securing a certain amount of safe
space even if the house collapses due toan earthquake. The major cause of deathin a large earthquake is building collapse.
Of the fatalities in the Great HanshinAwaji Earthquake, about 80 percent aresaid to have died by being crushed bybuildings that collapsed.

2

Earthquake-resistant shelter that protects the
bedroom

Confirming how to shut down and restore supply
In an earthquake, the supply of electricity, gas, and water may stop. The Tokyo
Metropolitan Government aims to restore power in 7 days, water supply and seweragein 30 days, and city gas in 60 days. When you evacuate, turn off your circuit breakers,
close the gas valve, and close the main valve of the water meter. Confirm where these
are in advance, and learn how to turn them off and turn them back on.

Houses that are not sufficiently seismic
resistant need to be retrofitted, but such
construction would involve processes
such as reinforcement by load bearing
walls and cross-bracing, installation ofdampers, reinforcement by joints, andfoundation reinforcement, which would
take time and be expensive. Those of you
who feel the need to retrofit your houseto withstand earthquakes, but hesitate
to do so because of financial reasons,should consider the installation of thisearthquake-resistant shelter. The bed type
(photo above) protects the sleeping space
only, and the room type (right photo)protects an entire room. Costs are from
200,000 yen.

When a wooden house that was installed withan earthquake-resistant shelter collapses due toan earthquake

Both can be installed while living in
the house, and the installation can bedone in a shorter period of time thanseismic retrofitting work. For details,
visit the following URL.

Tokyo Earthquake Resistance Portal Siteㅤhttp://www.taishin.metro.tokyo.jp/

112150629_2-en.indd 112-113

113

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Learning about Your
Neighborhood

DO
N OW

2

Confirm evacuation places
When evacuation orders are given, or when the danger of fire approaches, you
should evacuate to a temporary evacuation area (e.g. nearby elementary or juniorhigh schools, parks). If that place becomes dangerous, move to an evacuation area
(e.g. large park or open space). If your home has been damaged and it is difficult tocontinue living there, you can live at an evacuation center for a while. It is importantto understand the difference between these three places.
Details → p. 274

Know the area around your house
Knowing the topology, geological features, cliffs and other dangerous areas around yourhouse, as well as past disasters and measures that were taken are indispensable disastermeasures. Make sure to also confirm the location of evacuation areas, evacuation routes,
open spaces such as large parks, and facilities such as community halls and convenience
stores. This will facilitate your early response in the event of a disaster, and make you able
to evacuate to a safe place.

114

150629_2-en.indd 114-115

Evacuation Center

JIS Z8210

Evacuation Area

JIS Z8210

Temporary Evacuation Area
A place where people gather
temporarily to grasp thesituation before evacuating to
the evacuation area (e.g. school
playgrounds, neighborhoodparks)

115

2015-08-30 오후 2:39:06

Know the topography

2

Lowlands

Mountainous areas

Lowlands in Tokyo are land along the Tama River and valley floors along the rivers
flowing through the plateau, and the areas of Koto, Sumida, Edogawa, Katsushika,
Arakawa, and Ota wards stretching from the old Shitamachi district of Tokyo to Tokyo
Bay. Because lowlands are weak stratum called alluvium, the ground is susceptible toshaking, and areas on the coast and near rivers are also at risk of tsunamis.

The southeastern portion of the Kanto Mountains makes up Tokyo’s mountainous
area, which covers the Okuchichibu region (where Tokyo’s highest summit, Mt.
Kumotori, is located), all of Hinohara Village, and the western portions of Ome City,
Hinode Town, Akiruno City, and Hachioji City in the Tama area. This area is at risk of
sediment disasters.

OshimaIslandNiijimaIslandMiyagejima

Hachijojima Ogasawara
IslandIslands
Chichijima

Shikinejima
IslandToshimaIslandTablelands
Tablelands in Tokyo are the area to the east side of Ome City, the region straddlingthe border between Hino City and Hachioji City, the Yodobashi Tableland centeringon Shibuya ward and spreading to Shinjuku, Setagaya, Meguro, Shinagawa, Minato,
and Chiyoda wards, and the Ebara Tableland to its south that spreads across Setagaya,
Meguro, Shinagawa, and Ota wards. The ground is stable, but there are places wheresteep slopes are at risk of landslides.

116

150629_2-en.indd 116-117

KozushimaIslandHachijokojima
IslandMikorajima

Agoshima
IslandHahajima
IslandIslands
Tokyo’s islands are the Izu Islands and the Ogasawara Islands. In Nankai Troughearthquake estimates, the islands are at the risk of being hit by a high tsunami withinminutes from the earthquakes. If roads and port facilities are damaged, it is estimatedthat logistics systems will cease for a few days to about a week.

117

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Know Your Community's DO
N OW
Earthquake Risk
Confirm your community's combined risk
In addition to a community’s “fire risk” and “building collapse risk” levels, the Tokyo
Metropolitan Government has released the “combined risk,” which is an aggregationof these two risks, and the “combined risk in light of emergency response difficulty,”
which assesses the status of the existing road infrastructure that will support activities
in the event of a disaster. Confirm your community’s level of risk and use it to planmeasures to take.
Details → p. 278

Building collapse risk

A hazard map contains information suchas areas predicted to suffer damages,
evacuation areas, and evacuation routes,
for use in mitigating damages from adisaster and for disaster preparedness.
Check the map for your community’srisk of disasters from flood, landslide,liquefaction, and others.

The risk of building collapse becomes higher
with the age of the building and its low quakeresistance, and caution is also necessary forbuildings located in alluvial lowlands andvalley lowlands. Building collapse risk tends
to be high in the “shitamachi” (downtown)
area of Tokyo along the Arakawa and Sumida
rivers, where old wooden or light-gauge steel
frame buildings are concentrated.

Learn about yourcommunity's history ofdisasters

Fire risk
When an earthquake occurs, there is the riskof wide-area damage from the spread of fires
breaking out from the shaking. The degreeof such risk is called “fire risk,” and this iscalculated from the risks of fire outbreak andspread. Many communities at high risk exist
in areas where there is a high concentrationof wooden houses, and are found in areas
including those along Ring Road No. 7 and
the JR Chuo line (ward area).

118

150629_2-en.indd 118-119

Check the hazard map
2

Disaster preparedness measures areformulated based on lessons learned
from past disasters. Learning about yourcommunity’s history of disasters, suchas past floods or earthquakes, can enable
you to make more practical preparations.
Ask neighbors who have lived in the area
for a long time, or look this information
up at a library.

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Places Safe from Fireco l u m n

DO
N OW

With toilets that can be used in a disaster and benches that can be used for cooking

Disaster prevention parks as anevacuation area and operations center
One of the most distressing things aboutan evacuation during a disaster is thetoilet situation. Keep in mind that there
are places called “disaster prevention
parks.” These parks have toilets that canbe used even when infrastructure such as
water supply and electricity has been cut
off. These are “manhole toilets,” in which
manholes are installed along collecting
sewers that lead to the sewage pipe. At
the time of a disaster, the manhole coveris removed and replaced with a toilet,
and a tent is erected around it to maintainprivacy.

Fire-safe areas
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has
designated “fire-safe areas” where there
is no fear of large-scale spread of fires
and no need for area-wide evacuation.
As of May 2013, 34 areas where
fireproofing has progressed, a total of
100 sq. kilometers, have been designated.
Specifically, this includes the total areaof Chiyoda ward and the Ginza andNihombashi areas in Chuo ward.

2

Cooking stove bench (top); manhole toilets (bottom)

Evacuation Areas
Evacuation areas are mainly places
where you can evacuate to safety fromfire in the event of a large-scale spreadof fire triggered by an earthquake. The
Tokyo Metropolitan Government has
designated open spaces such as largeparks, green spaces, and areas with fireresistant buildings as evacuation areas.
Check your municipality’s website, etc.,
for more information.

There are also benches in the park that can be used for cooking purposes during adisaster. Cooking stoves appear when the seating portion is removed. A fire can bestarted here for cooking (shapes vary by park). Other installations in the park include
park lights that operate on solar power so that they light up even during a power
failure, water pumps to manually pump up water (not drinking water) when watersupply is cut off, water tanks for firefighting, and emergency water supply tanks.
Open spaces in the city will serve various roles during an earthquake. Fifty-three
metropolitan parks have been built up as disaster prevention parks that can be used byanyone as an evacuation area and operations center during a disaster. As these can be
useful if you are forced to walk home due to an earthquake or have to evacuate, go to
the following URL to check the locations of these disaster prevention parks.

Tokoy Metropollitan Park Assciation https://www.tokyo-park.or.jp/special/bousai/basyo.html

1 20150629_2-en.indd 120-121

121

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Prepare throughCommunication

DO
N OW

2

Hold a family meeting

Use Disaster Preparedness Tokyo

Divide responsibilities between family members prior to an earthquake
striking, such as who will be in charge of preventing a fire and who
w i l l s e c u r e a n e x i t p a t h . Yo u s h o u l d a l s o d e s i g n a t e a m e e t i n g p l a c e
and a method to confirm each other ’s safety in case your family is not
together at the time. Family members may be away from home—on their
way to school or stranded due to disrupted transportation services. Also,
don’t forget to confirm your evacuation area and evacuation route, andthe location of the circuit breaker and gas shutoff valve for your home,
as well as how to operate these devices.

Use this manual as a tool, not only at family meetings, but also when discussing
disaster preparedness measures with your child’s school or neighbors. Talking about
disaster preparedness raises awareness, enabling people to take steps to better protect
themselves in a disaster. You can also use the pages of this manual set aside for notes
to enter important information and checklists for you and your family.

1 22150629_2-en.indd 122-123

Notes → pp. 292-307

123

2015-08-30 오후 2:39:27

Community Networking

DO
N OW

Exchange greetings withneighbors regularly
Cooperation with neighbors is necessary
when a disaster strikes. Expand yournetwork within the community throughactivities such as exchanging greetings
with neighbors on a regular basis andparticipating in disaster preparedness
drills put on by the community
association, so that your life at homeor in an evacuation center following adisaster will go smoothly as well.
Details → p. 130

People who need special care
People in need of special care suchas expectant mothers, children, theelderly, foreign nationals, and those withserious illnesses or disabilities may not
be in a position to promptly ascertain
information or evacuate. In addition toalways being aware of the members ofyour community who need special care,cooperate with commissioned welfare
volunteers and others to support themwhen a disaster occurs.
Details → p. 66

1 24150629_2-en.indd 124-125

Disaster Preparedness
in Apartment Buildings

DO
N OW

Create a disaster
preparedness manual

2

Create a disaster preparedness
manual within the framework of thecondominium association, distribute themanual to all residents, and hold disaster
preparedness drills.

Secure an indoor
evacuation area
Secure space to serve as an evacuation
area such as a meeting room, elevatorhall, or an apartment. Common spaces
within a complex such as the entrance
hall, children’s playroom, and guest room
also come to mind. However, areas where
there is the danger of shattered glass or
falling objects should be avoided.

Storage of rescue kits
In a high-rise building, it is very difficult
to carry rescue kits to higher floors whenelevators shut down. As such, it would
be better to distribute kits throughout thecomplex, placing kits in common areas
on higher floors as well.

125

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Disaster Preparedness
Measures at Work

DO
N OW

Hold fire and disaster drills
Even if you create protocol for yourcall-down list, a manual, etc., these
efforts will prove meaningless if thematerials do not serve their purpose inan emergency. As such, it is necessary
to regularly conduct drills according to
the manual, and review trouble points sothat these materials are truly functional.
Consult with local fire authorities formore information.
Details → p. 130

2

Prepare to stay at the office
Prepare for the possibility that all employees may not be able to return home
immediately following a disaster by stockpiling the supplies needed for everyone toremain at the office for three days.

Create a manual and rules
At your company, decide on a person to be in charge of disaster preparedness, hold adisaster preparedness meeting, and make rules such as how to evacuate, where to evacuate
to, and how the emergency call-down list or phone tree should work. Since the general ruleon returning home following a major earthquake or disaster is to wait until after 72 hours
have passed, it is necessary for you to stockpile supplies in case employees or visitors toyour office become stranded there. When conditions at your workplace change such aschanges in personnel, be sure to review the manual again.

1 26150629_2-en.indd 126-127

Drinking water, food

Sanitary goods

Batteries

Blankets, thermal blankets

Portable radio

Plastic sheets

Flashlights

First aid kit/emergency medical
supplies
Emergency toilets

127

2015-08-30 오후 2:39:41

Confirm Safety andCollect Information

DO
N OW

TMG Disaster Prevention Official Twitter Account @tokyo̲bousai
Using this Twitter account, the TMG will issue alerts when a disasteroccurs, including urgent information. When there is no crisis, the TMG also
periodically distributes information and knowledge useful in a disaster throughthis account.

2

NTT's Disaster Emergency
Message Dial 171 service
A message service that allows a person in
the area affected by a disaster to record
a message confirming their safety. Thismessage can then be played back byothers trying to reach that person.

Disaster message board services
This service, provided by cell phone
carriers, enables people to register
information concerning their safety using
their cell phone or smartphone. Thesemessages can then be confirmed byothers.
Details → p. 227

TMG Disaster Prevention
Twitter accountBy activating Twitter Alerts, important Tweets
issued by public agencies and emergency
response organizations will appear on yourhome timeline.
Details → p. 271

Details → p. 226

Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Disaster Prevention Website
As the TMG provides information on
preparing for a disaster in normal times,
as well as information on the situation
when a disaster strikes, checking this site
regularly is helpful.
Details → p. 270
1 28150629_2-en.indd 128-129

Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Disaster Prevention Map
Using the disaster prevention map provided on
the TMG disaster prevention website, you canfind the location of disaster prevention facilities,
support stations for people returning homefollowing a disaster, and other relevant facilities.

J-anpi
The All-Japan Safety Confirmation Portal
enables users to attempt to confirm aperson’s safety by entering the person’sname and telephone number to search
information provided by disaster message
boards, the media, and companies all at
once.
Details → p. 272

Smartphone apps

Public telephones

A wide range of smartphone apps usefulin times of disaster, including internet
radio, disaster alert, and earthquake
information apps, are available.

When a disaster occurs, it becomesdifficult to successfully place a call usinga regular phone. However, it is said that
calls go through relatively easily on public
telephones.

129

2015-08-30 오후 2:39:48

Fire and Disaster Drills

DO
N OW

2

Participate in drills to be prepared
In order to minimize damage in the event of a disaster, it would be importantfor you to routinely participate in local fire and disaster drills. Fire anddisaster drills are mainly made up of community disaster drills held by the
citizens disaster response team, disaster preparedness education at schools, anddrills held in collaboration with local residents.

1 30

150629_2-en.indd 130-131

Disaster drills held by the Tokyo
Metropolitan Government

Disaster drills held by themunicipalities

The Tokyo Metropolitan Government
and the municipalities jointly hold acomprehensive disaster drill with resident
participation four times a year.

Several thousand people participate indisaster drills held by the municipal
government by school district or
evacuation center. They are mainly heldat public schools.

Disaster drills held bycommunity associations

Overnight stays at schools

Centering on first response fire fighting
and first-aid training, these drills include
rescue and relief drills, communication
drills, evacuation drills, and drills toprotect yourself using an earthquake
simulator.

Drills simulating evacuation life (drills
for sleeping and preparing food) whena disaster strikes are held at all 186
metropolitan high schools (as of April 1,
2015).

*If you wish to hold a fire and disaster drill, consult with your nearby fire department.
131

2015-08-30 오후 2:39:54

Physical protection drills
When an earthquake strikes, priority
should be given to protecting your own
safety. In an earthquake simulator you
can experience the shaking and learn
how to protect yourself from falling
objects, etc. You can also learn how toprotect yourself after being alerted by anearthquake early warning.

First response firefighting
Damage could be minimized if a fire is extinguished in its initial stages. For this, learn
how to use firefighting tools and equipment ranging from your simple household fire
extinguisher to standpipes and portable fire pumps.

2

Drills to prevent fire
outbreaks
Damage can be prevented if you
can prevent fire from breaking
out. In these drills, you learn what
actions to take to prevent firefrom breaking out, such as calmly
turning off the flame after theshaking has subsided, and turning
off the main electricity and gas
sources when you evacuate.

Communications drills
Portable fire pumpStandpipe

By supplying and pressurizing waterusing a small pump, this allows large
volumes of water to be sprayed tofurther distances. If you learn how to
use this pump, it can be operated by asmall number of people to effectively
extinguish fires.
Details → p. 191
1 32

If there is a fire hydrant, etc. available,
these light and easy-to-use standpipes
can be used to spray water even in
narrow roads that fire trucks cannot
access.
Details → p. 190

150629_2-en.indd 132-133

This is a drill to properly communicate
information on fires, rescue and relief,and earthquake damage to the firefighting authorities. You learn how tocall 119, and the important points forcommunications depending upon the typeof phone used.

133

2015-08-30 오후 2:40:02

Rescue and relief drills
In these drills you learn how to use
everyday tools to rescue people who wereunable to escape in time due to building
collapse, etc. You also learn how to give
first-aid to people who were rescued.

2

Disaster preparedness education

Evacuation drills
These are drills for safe evacuation fromdisasters such as fires and earthquakes.
You learn about the essential preparations
and methods for evacuation and also
learn about the properties of smoke byexperiencing a smoke simulator.

In manners that suit their stage of growth, children are taught to first protect
themselves, to then help people nearby, and furthermore, to contribute to theircommunity during disasters such as an earthquake or fire. In addition to evacuation
drills at school, the whole family should make it a point to participate in fire anddisaster drills.

First-aid drills
In order to give proper first-aid treatment
in an emergency situation, these drills
will teach you about first-aid treatment sothat you can gain the necessary knowhow
and skills.

1 34

150629_2-en.indd 134-135

Hands-on training for disaster response
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has three Life Safety Learning Centers where
you can have fun learning about disasters and participating in hands-on training andvarious drills. Visit the centers located in Ikebukuro, Honjo, and Tachikawa as the firststep to experiencing disaster response.
Details → p. 273

135

2015-08-30 오후 2:40:09

Citizens Disaster Response Team

Example of disaster response goods and equipment
Stocking goods and equipment for disaster response team activities is essential.
Studies on what is necessary are made based on local circumstances. Storage andmanagement should be done in a manner that will ensure that they can be used flexibly
and promptly in an emergency.

2

Protect your community yourselves
This organization aims for effective community response to disasters under the
principle of neighbors cooperating with each other to protect their community.
This collaborative organization is based on the unit of community or neighborhood
associations. The person in charge of disaster response in the community association,etc., takes a central role in calling for the formation of this team, which is formed to
conduct activities in line with local circumstances. Your participation will lead to theenhancement of your community’s strength and disaster preparedness.

1 36150629_2-en.indd 136-137

HelmetEmergency food

ShovelBlanketRope

LadderWork gloves

Stretcher

Waterproof sheet

Towel

HammerMegaphone

Fire extinguisher

CrowbarJack

137

2015-08-30 오후 2:40:16

Volunteer Fire Corps2

Neighborhood disaster response groups
Groups that are working actively so people can protect themselves and neighbors
can help each other as preparation for an earthquake are designated by the Tokyo
Metropolitan Government as Tokyo Neighborhood Disaster Response Groups. Efforts
are taken to raise community disaster preparedness by holding study meetings withdisaster response specialists and seminars for citizen disaster response team leaders.

Community disaster
response study meetings
Disaster response experts visit yourcommunity to give lectures that will
be helpful in disaster preparation or
hold discussions. By holding suchmeetings during your regular community
association meeting or regular drills,
etc., you can easily learn about disaster
response.

What is a volunteer fire corps?
This is a group that undertakes firefighting activities in the community, justlike the fire department does, but unlike the fire department, this is a nonregular group made up of members who have other occupations, e.g. selfemployed, company employees, homemakers, and students. When a fire,
flood, earthquake, or other kind of emergency arises, they initiate fire-fighting
activities. Inquire at your local volunter fire corps about qualifications needed
to become a member.

1 38150629_2-en.indd 138-139

139

2015-08-30 오후 2:40:24

co l u m nDisaster Preparedness Quiz

Have fun learning about disaster preparedness

Let's try Disaster Map Exercises

It can be fun learning about disaster preparedness. One such way is the “disaster map
exercises.” This is disaster drill that anyone can participate in called DIG (“Disaster”“Imagination” “Game”). Specifically, this is a disaster-training program based on the
scenario a major disaster occurs in the area where the participants live, and everyone,from children to adults, works together to seriously think about how to respond to thisdisaster while also having fun. Features of the drill include its use of a large map andthe ability of each participant to actively play a leading role.
By discussing matters using the map and writing on it, participants can confirm whatkind of disasters could occur in their community, their community’s weaknesses to thatkind of disaster, and the community’s disaster response level. In addition, participants
will also realize the importance of organized activity by the community to respondto disaster. Prepare for disasters by heightening your awareness of disaster response
through participation in DIG with your family and neighbors.

Q1

What does “daily stockpile” mean?

Q2

Where should you keep your emergency bag?

Q3

What secondary disasters can occur when furniture and other heavy items fall
over in an earthquake?

Q4

In order to prevent injuries in the house, what types of checks are needed andwhat steps should be taken?

Q5

What kind of buildings have the possibility of collapsing from the tremorsof an earthquake?

Q6

What kind of things should be prepared to prevent the outbreak or spread offire after an earthquake, and what cautions should be taken?

140

150629_2-en.indd 140-141

2
Answer → p. 90

Answer → p. 95

Answer → p. 96

Answer → p. 106

Answer → p. 109

Q7

What is the difference between an evacuation center and an evacuation
area?

Q8

What should be prepared for when family members are separated?

Q9

What are the following telephone numbers?

Basic level DIG
1 Fill in built up areas and natural conditions such as mountains, level ground, andrivers on the map.
2 Confirm the local structure and write in railways, roads, parks, buildings that can
prevent the spread of fire, etc., by using different colors.
3 Mark facilities and equipment that can have a positive or negative effect on disaster
response.
4 Conduct a discussion on community disaster preparedness using the completed
map.

Answer → p. 85

Answer → p. 115

Answer → p. 122(1) 171 (2) 110 (3) 119
Answer → p. 128

Q10

Name more than three types of fire and disaster drills.
Answer → pp. 132-134

141

2015-08-30 오후 2:40:31

Heavy Rain / Strong Wind
p. 144

Torrential Rainp. 150

Sediment Disasters
p. 152

Lightening
p. 154Tornadoes
p. 156

Heavy Snow
p. 158Volcanic Eruptions
p. 160Terrorist and Armed Attacks
p. 164

Infectious Diseases
p. 168

1 42

Other Disasters
andCountermeasures
Earthquakes are not the only disasters
that can strike Tokyo. Many various
risks can be assumed, from natural
disasters such as heavy rain, storms
and torrential rain, to human threatssuch as terrorist and armed attacks.
In this chapter, we have compiled
knowledge on the various risks thatlurk in Tokyo and measures to deal withthem. Learn about them now so you can
respond calmly.



143

Heavy Rain and Storms

Importance of preparing in advance for floods andstrong winds
Stationary rain fronts in early summer and fall often cause heavy
rainfall. In addition, over the past 30 years (1981-2010), there has
been an average of 26 typhoons a year. If these typhoons approach orland on Tokyo, extremely strong winds and heavy rainfall could resultin inundation and river flooding. You should always check the latest
weather information and protect yourself from disasters. Confirm inadvance what places are at high risk by checking the hazard map, etc.

1 44

Pay attention to the latest weather information
Advisory
The Meteorological Agency will issue advisories when
there is the possibility of disasters occurring fromheavy rainfall or strong winds, etc. Pay attention toevacuation preparation information announced by themunicipalities. And, in districts that are easily affectedby rain and wind, people who need special support inevacuating should be ready to move early.
Details → p. 246
Warning
Warnings are issued when there is the possibility of amajor disaster occurring, with the relevant areas called
upon to exercise caution. Pay attention to evacuation
information issued by municipalities, and evacuate
quickly if necessary.
Details → p. 246

Emergency Warning
An emergency warning is issued when there is aheightening danger of a serious disaster of a scale that
occurs only once every few decades, which will far
exceed the criteria for issuing a warning. You should
immediately move to a safe place.
Details → p. 247

145



Weather conditions that require special caution
Spring ‒ mid Summer (stationary front)
During the seasonal transition from spring to mid-summer,
the stationary front (Baiu front) appears from Japan to near
the Chinese continent. When the ground is weakened by
the long rains brought by this front, heavy rainfall could
easily trigger sediment disasters.
Summer ‒ Fall (stationary front)
In the seasonal transition from summer to fall, pressure
patterns become similar to the Baiu front, with the stationary
front appearing near Japan bringing about long or heavy
rainfall that can result in road flooding and other incidents.

July ‒ October (typhoon)
The number of typhoons approaching or landing inTokyo increases in the period from July to October,making it necessary to be cautious of heavy rainfall andstrong winds. For example, Typhoon No. 15 in 2011
caused roadside trees in Shibuya and Ginza to fall over,
and affected commuters by stopping train operations.

Storm surge (coastal areas)
Tokyo is located at the innermost part of Tokyo
Bay. Because the mouth of the bay is located on thesouthwestern side, and because the water is relatively
shallow, Tokyo is very susceptible to storm surge
damage. Other than storm surge due to typhoons,
you should also beware of tsunamis generated byearthquakes.

1 46

Places requiring special caution
Lowlands
The lowlands have the risk of flooding from heavy
rainfall. Caution is necessary because it could become
difficult to see the location of gutters, etc.

Basements and semi-basements

Buildings that have basements or semi-basements, or are
located on land that is lower than the road, are inclined tohave more flooding damage due to torrential rainfall. Prepare
sandbags, water stops and other items to prevent flooding, andevacuate before you feel endangered.

RiversDo not approach rivers as they have the risk ofoverflowing from heavy rainfall. If you live along ariver, listen to local disaster information, etc., and be
prepared to evacuate immediately.

Mountainous areas
In areas near cliffs and mountainous areas, beware of
sediment disasters. Even if no warning has been issued,
if you see the signs of a sediment disaster, secure yoursafety and evacuate.
Details → p. 152

147

Protect yourself from wind and flood damages
Listen to information issued by the authorities
The Meteorological Agency and local governments issue
disaster information over the TV, radio, and other media,
and the municipalities use the wireless emergency
alert system to issue evacuation advisories and orders.
When your local government has issued evacuation
information, secure your safety and evacuate.
Know the location of places at risk of flooding
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has released amap showing districts at risk of flooding to let everyone
know the risk of flood from typhoons, etc., so they can
prepare for floods and quickly evacuate. Make it a habit
to confirm what places are susceptible to flooding.

Check and clean drainage facilities
Trash, etc., accumulating in catch basins and gutters
prevent rainwater from flowing and increase the riskof flooding. In basements and semi-basements, there isalso the risk of flooding if drainage pumps malfunction.
Make it a point to routinely check and clean the drainage
facilities.

Simple ways to prevent flooding
Use sandbags, water bags, and water stops to prepare forflooding. You can also align simple water bags, in which
garbage bags are half filled with water, or use a longplank as a water stop, to prevent flooding.

1 48

Wait until the typhoon passes
If you are outside when a typhoon is approaching, wait
inside a nearby facility until it passes. If you are athome, refrain from going out. It will also be dangerous
to go out to repair roofs or windows.

Don t use the elevator
If strong winds cut power lines, the resulting power
failure could trap you in the elevator. Use the stairs to
all possible extent in the event of a typhoon or heavy
rainfall.

Evacuate before water comes up to your knees
Water up to your knees can be considered a yardstick for
how high water can come before it becomes difficult towalk in a flood. And even though the water may not bethat deep, as there is also the danger of being unable tomove due to a strong flow of water, when you see waterflowing in, evacuate immediately to a high place.

Evacuate from underground to a higher place
Evacuation could become difficult if water flows intolevels underground due to flooding above ground. Go toa designated evacuation area or go to the ground leveland evacuate to a sturdy building nearby that is at least
two stories high. In this way, evacuate to a safer place.

149Torrential Rain

Torrential rain occurs suddenly
In general, river facilities and sewerage systems in urban areas are created to withstandrainfall of 50 mm per hour. Rainfall exceeding this level could cause urban flooding. It
is said that urban flooding occurs because of a river basin’s lowered capacity to containand retain water as a result of the ground being covered by asphalt pavement and theincreased use of underground space. Following signs such as a growing cumulonimbus
cloud, approaching black clouds, and roaring thunder, torrential rain can strike a cityin an instant.

150

Protect yourself from torrential rain
Stay away from rivers and canals
Never approach rivers or canals when a torrential
downpour occurs as there is the potential for waters torise and a powerful flow to be generated.

Don t use roads below the ground level

When torrential rain occurs, do not use an undergroundwalkway or an underpass—the road below groundlevel at a grade separated crossing—because they could
become submerged.

Evacuate basements and semi-basements
Houses with a basement or semi-basement—housingwith a floor completely or partially below groundlevel—are prone to becoming submerged. Doors to abasement could also become difficult to open due topressure from the water, trapping you, so evacuate to asafer place such as the second floor.

Submerged roads are dangerous
Submerged roads and paths are dangerous because you
could fall into a manhole or gutter whose cover has been
displaced. If you have to go through a submerged zone,
walk carefully while feeling your way with an object
like an umbrella.

151

Sediment Disasters

DO
NOW

Signs of an impending sediment disaster
Landslip
Signs are cracks on cliffs, small stones falling down,water welling up on cliffs, spring water stopping or
becoming cloudy or muddy, being able to hear the earth
rumbling, etc.

Landslide
Signs are cracks and sinkholes in the earth, the grounddeveloping clefts and becoming uneven, water spurtingfrom cliffs and slopes, water in wells and streams
becoming cloudy or muddy, sounds of rumbling fromthe earth or mountain, trees leaning, etc.

Mudslide
Signs are sounds of rumbling from the mountain,
river water suddenly becoming cloudy or muddy andcontaining driftwood, an unpleasant earthy smell, riverlevel becoming lower despite continuous rainfall, soundof trees being torn and stones bumping into each other,
etc.

152

Protect yourself from a sediment disaster
Confirm your evacuation area
Regularly talk with your family about your designatedevacuation area and how to contact each other, and confirm
your evacuation routes. When you evacuate, keep yourbaggage to a minimum so that you can keep your hands free.

Prepare an emergency bag
Prepare a hazard map, a map of your evacuation area,
and an emergency bag. If you feel in danger, change into
clothes that are easy to move around in, and be ready toevacuate any time.

Check for sediment disaster hazard areas
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government’s Bureau ofConstruction’s website provides a map of sedimentdisaster hazard areas with which you can search forhazard areas by region. Confirm in advance hazard areas
in your neighborhood.
http://www.sabomap.jp/tokyo/ (in Japanese only)153

Lightning

Lightning can be life-threatening
Lightning can be life-threatening. Although high places and tall, protruding objects
attract lightning, more than half of those killed by lightning were actually in open
areas such as a golf course, or under a tree taking shelter from the rain. If you hear
thunder or see thunderclouds approaching, quickly move to a safe place, such as areinforced concrete building, car, bus, or train.

154

Areas where you must be cautious
Open areas such as a playing field, golf course, outdoor swimming pool, riverbank,beach, and on the sea can be dangerous. You also need to be on alert when you are in ahigh place, such as at the top of a mountain or ridge.

Stay away from tall objects like trees
Lightning often strikes tall objects like trees and tall,
protruding objects. Therefore, when you are close to atree, especially, keep at least 2 meters away from thetree (trunk, branches and leaves).

In an open space
It is dangerous to be in an open space like a playing
field, because lightning could directly strike you.
Quickly move to a safe place, such as a reinforced
concrete building, car, bus, or train.

If there s no safe place nearby
If you cannot find a safe place nearby, take shelter at
least 4 meters away from any tall object such as a utility
pole. Maintain a low posture and make sure that nothingin your possession protrudes into the air.

155

Tornadoes

Tornadoes can occur anywhere in Japan
Even in Japan, damage inflicted by tornadoes is occurring frequently in recent
years. Although tornadoes occur at any time of year, more tornadoes are seen
particularly during the typhoon season months of September and October.
When a tornado forms, violent winds swirling at the center of the storm, pickup debris from the ground, including materials from buildings and signs, andturn these objects into dangerous projectiles, causing serious damage at times.
To avoid danger, enter a sturdy building such as a reinforced concrete building
or an underground facility and wait for the storm to pass.

156

Protect yourself when a tornado strikes
If you are inside
In a detached home, move to a room on the first floor
that has few windows in order to avoid broken window
glass and projectiles. Close the storm shutters andcurtains, move away from windows, and remain under asturdy table until the tornado passes.



If you are outside
Move inside a sturdy building or underground facility to
avoid wind gusts and objects flying through the air. In
the event you are not near any of these structures, takecover or hide in a ditch, and wait for the tornado to pass.

Check the areas where tornadoes are forecast
You can check areas where there is the probability ofstrong wind gusts, including tornadoes, ahead of timeby viewing the Radar and Nowcasts weather map on theJapan Meteorological Agency’s homepage and clicking
on “Tornado.”
http://www.jma.go.jp/en/radnowc/

157

Heavy Snow

Heavy snow can paralyze a city
The Japan Meteorological Agency predicts that although snowfall frequency
and amounts are decreasing, if snow does fall, there is the possibility that it will
become heavy snow. When snowfall is heavy, public transportation may shut down,
expressways may close, and there is even the possibility that ordinary roads will
become impassable. When heavy snow is forecast, you should return home as soon as
possible and avoid going out again. Heavy snowfall in February 2014 not only caused
chaos for the transportation system, but also made roads in the Tama area impassable,
resulting in some outlying villages becoming cut off.

158

Protect yourself from heavy snow
Avoid going out
If heavy snow is forecast, stockpile enough food so thatyou will not need to leave home, and make preparations
to stay warm without electricity in case of a power
failure.

Be careful not to slip
When it snows and afterwards, roads become extremely
slippery. If you go outside, put on slip resistant footwear
such as snow boots, and be very careful as you walk. Do
not ride bicycles or use cars.

When using a car
Refrain from using a car as much as possible. If you
must drive, change your tires to winter tires for use
on snowy and icy roads, and prepare a shovel, boots,
blanket, and emergency food. Be sure to maintain atleast double the distance between vehicles that you
normally would, as sudden braking and abrupt steering
is extremely dangerous.
Points to be aware of when shoveling or
removing snow
When shoveling snow or removing it from your roof,
use equipment such as safety lines and helmets, put on
slip resistant footwear, and always work in a groups oftwo or more. Since snow that has accumulated on theroof loosens as it melts on sunny days, take care to avoid
snow that slides off the roof.

159

Volcanic EruptionsDO
NOWTokyo has 21 active volcanoes
Tokyo has 21 active volcanoes on its islands such as Izu Oshima and Miyakejima, andpeople are living on eight of those volcanic islands (Izu Oshima, Toshima, Niijima,
Kozushima, Miyakejima, Mikurajima, Hachijojima, Aogashima). In recent years,
eruptions on Izu Oshima in 1986 and Miyakejima in 2000, led to the evacuation of
all the residents from the islands. In November 2013, a phreatomagmatic eruption
was observed on Nishinoshima island of the Ogasawara islands, and the lava flow
increased the island’s area.
Details → p. 251

160

Protect yourself from a volcanic eruption
Confirm the dangerous areas on the disasterprevention map
In order to protect yourself from a volcanic disaster,
it is important that you confirm the dangerous areas
and evacuation centers beforehand using disasterprevention maps (shows dangerous spots, evacuationroutes, evacuation centers, etc.) made public by themunicipality or others.

Prepare food and items for a disaster
When a volcano erupts, the ashes may affect logistics
and lifelines. Prepare drinking water, food, flashlights,
extra fuel, and other necessities. It would also be better
if you prepare helmets, masks and goggles as protection
against dust.

Confirm the designated evacuation center
beforehand
When an evacuation order or advisory is issued due toa volcanic eruption, quickly evacuate to the municipal
government’s designated evacuation center. Confirm inadvance the location of the designated evacuation center
nearest to you.

161

Don t overlook volcanic warnings
When the Meteorological Agency announces a volcanic
warning, restrictions on mountain entry, evacuation
orders and evacuation advisories will be issued. Follow
the instructions. If you feel even slightly endangered,evacuate.

If an eruption occurs
Put on protective headwear such as a helmet, and while
taking steps to prevent yourself from inhaling volcanic
ash and gases such as holding a towel to your mouth,
quickly move away from the mouth of the volcano.

Volcanic alert level
The volcanic alert levels in volcanic forecasts/warnings
are classified from 1 to 5 according to the degree of
danger. Take actions suitable to the level.

162

Level 5

Evacuate from the residential area

Level 4
Level 3

Prepare to evacuate from the residentialarea
Do not enter the danger zone near the
residential area

Level 2

Do not enter the area around the crater

Level 1

No special response is necessary but
caution is requiredBe careful of volcanic ash
When the volcano erupts, volcanic ash will fall alongwith large and small cinders. Breathing in ash will affectthe respiratory system causing coughing or breathingdifficulties, and will also cause eyes to become itchy,
painful or bloodshot. Protect yourself with dust masks
and goggles. Since volcanic ash could also cause
malfunctioning of the sewage system, do not flush ashes
down the sewer.



Risk of Mt. Fuji erupting and expected damage
If Mt. Fuji erupts as it did in 1707, volcanic ash will fall on a wide area of the Kanto
region, and it is estimated that a few centimeters to 10 centimeters of ash will fallon Tokyo. Ashes will not only affect the transportation system, lifelines, and theagriculture, forestry, and fisheries industries, but could also affect health. If Mt. Fuji
erupts, confirm the ash fallout forecasts on the Meteorological Agency website andothers, and make preparations in advance if you are in an area that will have a large
volume of ash fallout.

163

Terrorist and Armed Attacks

Danger of terrorist and armed attacks
As Tokyo is the center of government and economy, it could become the target of
terrorist and armed attacks. The Act Concerning the Measures for Protection of thePeople in Armed Attack Situations, etc. (“Civil Protection Act,” Act No. 112 of 2004)
was enacted with the aim of protecting the lives and assets of the citizens of Japan.
Based on this act, in the event of an attack, the public will be warned through themunicipalities’ wireless emergency alert systems. Make a note to listen to information
broadcast over the TV, radio, and from publicity cars as well, and follow the
instructions.

164

Attack by insurgents or special forces
Such an attack can result in sudden, unpredictable damages.
If the target of an attack is a nuclear facility, the damages
could be huge.

Missile attack
It would be extremely difficult to identify the target ofthe attack, and it is estimated that the time to impact will
be short.

Landing invasion and air attacks
In an invasion, landing operations are likely to target thecoastal areas, and air attacks are also assumed to target
major facilities in urban areas.

Attacks using chemical agents, etc.
Attacks using chemical or biological agents, or nuclear
materials will have health effects, requiring special
response.

165

Protect yourself from a terrorist or armed attack
If an explosion occurs
If an explosion occurs, quickly get low and hide undersomething like a sturdy table. Explosions could continue,
so evacuate to a safe place.

If a fire breaks out
If a fire breaks out due to a terrorist or armed attack,cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief, etc., tokeep from inhaling smoke, and quickly evacuate while
keeping yourself as low as possible.

If you re trapped
Tap on pipes or other things nearby to let others
know where you are. Calling out loudly for help
should be the last resort since this could cause dust
to be breathed in.

166

Evacuation from an attack by insurgents
Damages from an attack by insurgents will generally
be limited to a relatively small area, but the damages
may spread. First evacuate indoors and then follow the
instructions of the authorities.

Evacuation from a missile attack

Since it will be difficult to identify the area where themissiles will hit, if you are outdoors, evacuate into astrong building, underground shopping area, or otherindoor areas nearby. Afterwards, follow the instructionsof the authorities.

Evacuation from chemical or biological attacks
Cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief, andleave the area immediately. Evacuate to a safe place thatis unlikely to become contaminated such as a closed-off
place indoors or high ground upwind.

Evacuation from a nuclear explosion orradioactive contamination
If there is a nuclear explosion, hide behind coverand evacuate to an underground facility or strong
building. An explosive called a “dirty bomb” willcause radioactive contamination of the area. Follow the
instructions of the authorities and consult a physician.

167

Infectious Diseases

If an epidemic is forecasted
Infections occur when pathogens such as viruses or bacteria enter your body andmultiply, resulting in symptoms such as fever, diarrhea, and cough. Infectious diseases
from influenza to Ebola virus disease, from those with relatively mild symptoms
to those with a high risk of death, are designated under the Act on Prevention of
Infectious Diseases and Medical Care for Patients Suffering Infectious Diseases(Act No. 114 of 1998). If proper response is not taken, these diseases can spread
rapidly in Tokyo with its high population density. If you think you might be infected,
immediately get proper treatment at a medical institution.

168

Protect yourself from infection

Wash your hands and gargle
Washing your hands and gargling are fundamental toprevent infection. Wash your hands thoroughly withsoap, including your fingertips and under your nails.


Wear gloves
Use gloves to protect yourself when you might come incontact with a patient’s blood, body fluids, secretions,excreta, etc.

Use a mask
Wear a mask when you are coughing or sneezing so thatyou do not infect others.

169

Pay attention to your health after returningfrom abroad
If you feel unwell after returning from abroad, there is the riskthat you have contracted an infectious disease. Be careful if
you have symptoms such as diarrhea or fever after your return.
Go to a medical institution as soon as possible. Inform thedoctor of details such as the travel destination, itinerary, andactivity during the trip, and follow the doctor’s instructions.

Know the danger of a pandemic
A pandemic is a global epidemic of an infectious
disease. The WHO (World Health Organization)
classifies pandemics into six phases according to its
spread. If you hear about a pandemic on TV or othersources, avoid going out unless it is essential or goingto places that attract crowds. Schools and other facilities
may be closed.
Details → p. 265

Symptoms of major infectious diseases and response
Influenza

General symptoms (e.g. headache, joint and muscle pains) andspecific local symptoms (e.g. sore throat, runny nose, sneezing,
cough) suddenly appear, and it can be fatal. If influenza antiviral drugs are first taken within 48 hours of the onset ofsymptoms, a reduction of the symptoms can be expected. Go toa medical institution as soon as possible.

170MeaslesSome 10 to 20 days after infection, a fever of about 38 degrees
Celsius or common cold symptoms continue for about 2 to
3 days, followed by a high fever of over 39 degrees Celsius
and the appearance of a rash. This could become serious if thepatient develops encephalitis. Since the body’s immune system
is weakened, the patient could also develop pneumonia or an
ear infection. As there is no specific treatment for this disease,treatment is given to lighten the symptoms.

Norovirus

The main symptoms are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain,
and a slight fever. After these symptoms continue for about one
to two days, the disease is cured with no aftereffects. However,in children or the elderly, the symptoms could become serious,with the possibility of death resulting from accidentally choking
on vomit. As there is no specific treatment for this disease,symptomatic treatment such as intravenous fluids is given.


Tuberculosis

Even now, over 20,000 people contract this disease each year.
Go to a medical institution as soon as possible if coughing or
phlegm continues for over two weeks or, in the case of seniorcitizens, if ailments such as fatigue or loss of appetite continue.
If you are diagnosed to have tuberculosis, in most cases this canbe cured if medicine is properly taken every day for six months.

Avian flu

You could become infected if you have close contact with a birdwith avian flu. Symptoms such as high fever and cough willappear if you are infected. This could rapidly cause multiple
organ dysfunctions, and result in death. If you have had contact
with a bird with avian flu and have symptoms that could be
influenza, see a doctor and inform him/her of the situation.

Ebola virus disease

Symptoms such as sudden fever, headache, fatigue, muscle pain,
sore throat, vomiting, diarrhea, chest pain, and bleeding (bloodin vomit, blood in stool) appear. As there is no specific treatment
for this disease, treatment for the symptoms will be given. If youcome down with a fever within about a month after returningfrom a country where this disease was spreading, do not go to a
local medical institution, but contact the public health center andfollow its instructions.

171

co l u m nTokyo s active volcanoes with magma activity

Nothing to fear if you can grasp
the warning signs
Magma is active
on a volcanic island
Tokyo has 21 active volcanoes. Eight ofthese volcanic islands (Oshima, Toshima,
Niijima, Kozushima, Miyakejima,
Mikurajima, Hachijojima, andAogashima) are inhabited by a total of
30,000 residents and many tourists visit
as well.
High levels of volcanic activity can beobserved on Oshima and Miyakejima (seep. 251), and the volcano on Hachijojima
almost erupted in 2002. And earthquake
and tectonic movements are stillobserved on Niijima and Kozushima.
Even if movements cannot be felt on thesurface, magma is steadily building up
power underground.

1986 Izu Oshima ©T. Miyazaki (top);2000 Miyakejima (bottom)

Become conscious of warning signs of an eruption
But there is no need to always live in fear. Unlike earthquakes, warning signs of an eruption
can be seen in almost all cases. When volcanic activity builds up, phenomenon that cannot be
captured by a seismograph occur. Noticing such signs will allow safe evacuation.
For instance, residents living near a volcano might notice smoke, sounds, smells and otherconditions that are different from usual. If they contact the municipal office right away when
they notice such things that are out of the ordinary, the authorities can bolster their observations
and prepare for an eruption. Moreover, it would be desirable for people to gain “literacy” onvolcanoes such as using a disaster protection map to decide where to evacuate if it becomes
necessary.
(talk by Hidefumi Watanabe, Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo)

172

Disaster Preparedness Quiz

Q1

What is the difference between an advisory, warning, and emergency warning for heavy rain
or strong wind issued by the Japan Meteorological Agency?
Answer → p. 145

Q2

What types of places are easily affected by heavy rain or typhoons andrequire special caution?
Answer → p. 147

Q3

What areas should you not approach during torrential rain?

Q4

Name three warning signs of a sediment disaster.

Q5

When you are in an open space such as a playing field, how can you protect
yourself from lightning?
Answer → p. 155

Q6What time of the year should you be cautious of tornadoes, and whatshould you do to protect yourself from them?
Answer → p. 156

Q7

What should you do when a heavy snow forecast is issued?

Q8

How many active volcanoes are there in Tokyo?

Q9What is the name of the law to protect the public from terrorist and armed
attacks?
Answer → p. 164

Q10What is the word used when an infectious disease spreads over a widearea?
Answer → p. 170

Answer → p. 151

Answer → p. 152

Answer → p. 159

Answer → p. 160

173

Emergency
P. 176

Sanitation
P. 198Life
P. 206

Confirm Safety
P. 226174

150625_4-en.indd 174-175

Survival Tips
In the event of a disaster, water supply, gas andpower lines may all come to a stop. You will be
unable to get your hands on almost all the things
you need for daily life. You will have to live for about
three days to one week on just limited resources.
In this chapter, we have collected various types ofknowledge and ingenuity that will be useful whena disaster occurs, and use illustrations to explainthem in an easy-to-understand manner. Why notalso take up the challenge of holding a practicalworkshop as explained at the end of the chapter?

4

175

2015-08-28 오후 7:11:34

Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation (CPR)
1

3

Check for breathing
Closely observe the movements of theperson’s chest and abdomen, and confirm
within 10 seconds if his breathing isirregular. When there is no movement of
the chest or abdomen, you can determinethat the person is not breathing normally,
and then begin chest compressions.

176

150625_4-en.indd 176-177

5

Artificial respiration
Lift the person’s chin to open the airway,
and use the thumb and forefinger ofyour hand placed on his forehead topinch his nose. Using a mouth-to-mouth
resuscitation mouthpiece*, cover themouth so no air leaks, and breathe in forabout 1 second. Check to see that hischest rises when you do so.

Request cooperation fromothers around you
If there is no response, request thecooperation of people nearby by calling out
in a large voice, “Someone, please come!
There’s a person here who needs help!”
In addition, if the situation is safe, request
someone to bring an AED (automatic
external defibrillator) and give first aid.

Chest compression
Place your hands on the center of theperson’s chest, and press the chest down
at least 5 centimeters for an adult. Do
about 100 compressions per minute.
When you are conducting both chest
compressions and artificial respiration,
conduct cycles of 30 chest compressions
and 2 breaths.

Check to see if the person isconscious
In the event of a disaster, ambulances
will probably be late in arriving. If you
find a person who has collapsed, gently
tap him on the shoulder and ask loudly,“Are you OK?” Check to see if heresponds, can move his hands and feet, if
he is in pain from injuries, and whether
he is conscious or not.

2

4

6

4

AED
Press the power button of the AED.
Apply the electrode pads to his chest, andif a shock is needed the AED will informyou with a voice prompt. Stand clear of
the person and push the AED’s button.
Follow the device’s instruction and
immediately resume chest compressions.

* The risk of infection is said to be extremely low even when a mouthpiece is not used, however,from the perspective of preventing infection, it would be safer to use one.

177

2015-08-28 오후 7:11:51

Stop Bleeding

Direct pressure to stop
bleeding

Arterial bleeding

Venous bleeding

Blood spurts out

Constant flow of blood

Directly apply sterile gauze or a clean
cloth to the bleeding and compress
strongly with your hand or a bandage.
The size of the cloth should be large
enough to completely cover the wound.
In order to prevent infection, always wear
rubber gloves or use a plastic bag, and be
careful to not come in contact with theblood.

Indirect pressure tostop bleeding

Capillary bleeding
Blood oozes out slowly

Severe bleeding can be life threatening
The total amount of blood in the human body makes up about 7 to 8 percent of thebody’s weight, and losing one-third of this blood can be life threatening. Arterial
bleeding with bright red spurts of blood must be stopped immediately. Bleeding fromcapillary veins will, in most cases, stop naturally.
Details → p. 263

178

150625_4-en.indd 178-179

4

When it is difficult to stop the bleeding
through the direct pressure method, try
indirect pressure. Temporarily stop theflow of blood by pressing down on theartery between the injury and the heart,compressing it against the bone. For
bleeding from the lower portion of thearm, use your thumb to strongly press theartery at the center of the inner side of theupper arm. For leg bleeding, straighten
the bleeding leg and strongly press downat the groin using your fist.

179

2015-08-28 오후 7:11:58

First-Aid for Fractures andSprains

First-Aid for Cuts

Materials

Cloth, bandages, water, sterile gauze

12

Prepare large pieces of cloth or bandages
that can cover the wound.

If the wound has dirt or other debris,
wash clean with water.

3

4

If the wound is bleeding, protect thewound by applying sterile gauze, etc.

Wrap a bandage.

Secure with a splint
Try not to move the part that has been broken and is painful. Prepare something thatcan serve as a splint to support the broken bone, and immobilize the injury by binding
the splint and the joints on both sides of the fracture with a cloth, etc.

4

Triangular bandage
A triangular bandage can be used on any part of the body, and scarves,
furoshiki, and large handkerchiefs can also serve as triangular bandages. Use itafter rinsing the wound clean with water and applying a sterile gauze, etc. Do
not tie the knot right over the wound.

1 80150625_4-en.indd 180-181

181

2015-08-28 오후 7:12:03

Lighten the Burden of the
Injured and Ill

First-Aid for Burns

Cool minor burns withwater
If the burn covers less than 10 percentof the body (the area of the palm of
your hand is about 1 percent of the bodysurface), as soon as possible, cool withclean water for over 15 minutes until thepain eases.
Details → p. 262

Loosen clothing
Place the person in a comfortable position, ask if he is in pain, and if he wishes, gently
loosen his clothes, belt, and other constricting items.

4

Important points
Since tap water cannot be used when the water supply is cut off, use water froma plastic bottle, etc. When tap water can be used, run cool water over the burnfor 15 to 20 minutes. Follow the points below when treating the burn.
- If the person is wearing clothes over the burn, do not remove, and cool overthe clothes.
- When the burn covers a wide area, take care to not overly cool the body.
- Take care not to break blisters.
- Do not use medicine.

Maintain body temperature
If the person has the chills, a low body temperature, is pale, or has broken into a cold
sweat, prevent heat loss by covering him with clothes, a blanket, etc.
Details → p. 194

1 82

150625_4-en.indd 182-183

183

2015-08-28 오후 7:12:11

Safely Positioning the Injured
or IllThe basic position is laying face up
Laying the person on his back on a level place is the basic position to take. It is the most stable
and relaxing position.

When there is abdominal pain or
an injury to the abdomen

When breathing is labored or
there are chest pains

Raise the upper body with cushions, etc., andalso place cushions under the knees to bendthem.

Put the person in a sitting position withhis legs extended and place cushions, etc.,
between his legs and chest to support his
upper body.

4
When the person is vomiting or has an injury to the backIs breathing but unconscious

Lay the person on his stomach, facing one side. Take care that he does not choke on
his vomit.

To secure an airway, place the person on his side with his top leg bent at a right angle
at the knee.

When there is a head injury and breathing is laboredHeat stroke, anemia, hemorrhagic shock

Lay the person on his back and use cushions, etc., to lift the upper body.

Lay the person face up and place cushions under his feet to lift the legs up about 15 to 30
centimeters.

1 84

150625_4-en.indd 184-185

185

2015-08-28 오후 7:12:18

Transporting the Injured or Ill

Bandage Substitutes

Materials

Carrying on your backGauze, tights

1

2

Use tights as a substitute for a bandage.
First, place gauze, etc., over the wound
and then cover with the body portion of
the tights.

Wind the leg portion of the tights around thehead and tie the ends. If this is washed andkept clean, it can be used repeatedly.

Lean the person on your back and catch
his legs by passing your hands under hisknees, and hold both of his arms firmly.
This is not suited to injured people whohave disorders of consciousness, brokenbones, or internal injuries.

4

Other items that can substitute for bandages

Using a stretcher, etc.

Bandanna

Curtains

Handkerchief

Underwear

Tenugui towels

Disposable diapers

Necktie

Sanitary napkins

Towel

Plastic wrap

*only items that are clean

When carrying a person on a stretcher, have his legs point forward and try to avoid
shaking the stretcher or causing it to vibrate. This is very important to prevent thecondition of the victim from worsening. If there is no stretcher, it would be possible touse a strong plank, etc., instead.

1 86

150625_4-en.indd 186-187

187

2015-08-28 오후 7:12:26

How to Use the Fire
Extinguisher
1

2

How to Use the Indoor Fire
Hose
Note

The No. 1 model fire hose is to be manned by more than one person. Here it isassumed that there are two people.

1

2

Press the start button. When the red
light starts to blink, the pump will begin
operating.

Open the cabinet and extend the hose.

First response firefighting is very
important in a disaster. When using a fire
extinguisher, first confirm the source offire. Stand so the exit is behind you.

Remove the safety pin on the top of theextinguisher.

3

4

3

4

Hold the nozzle and aim it at the flame.

Squeeze the handle and spray the agent
directly on the source of fire. If theflames reach the ceiling, stop trying to
extinguish the fire and evacuate.

The other person opens the valve.

Aim the nozzle at the source of the fireand spray water.

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How to Use the Portable
Fire Pump

How to Use the Standpipe

NoteThis is a fire extinguishing tool that uses the fire hydrant or drain valve in the road.
Prior training is required to use it.

1

Note

This is to be manned by more than one person. Prior training is required to use it.

2

1

2

This is effective in places like narrowroads inaccessible by fire trucks.
First, insert the key, bend your knees
to take a low position, and lift the lid.

Join the standpipe to the water outlet.
Turn the spindle driver, and after
confirming that water is flowing, extend
the hose joined to the pipe.

This is a fire pump of a size that can be
carried by people. First, close the draincock and water hose outlet valve, andattach the suction pipe to the pump’s
water inlet.

Place the suction pipe in a fire cistern,pool, etc.

3

4

3

4

Join the hose to the nozzle. Insert it
firmly until you hear a noise.

Straighten the hose, and after signaling,
spray the water. Point the nozzle at thetarget, and hold it firmly at the height ofyour hip.

Start the pump, attach the hose to theoutlet, and extend the hose to the sourceof fire.

Spray water in the direction of the firesource.

1 90150625_4-en.indd 190-191

4191

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Warm Yourself with
Newspapers
Make something to
wear
Newspapers can be useful when you
aren’t wearing enough to keep warm.
Place several layers of newspapers on
your shoulders, binding them at the front
with tape, etc.

Layer with socks
When your feet are cold, wrap newspaper
over your socks, and put on another pairof socks over them.

Other useful items- Fruit protection net- Handkerchief- Cardboard- Aluminum foil

- Bubble wrap

- Styrene foam

1 92150625_4-en.indd 192-193

Crumple newspaper into balls, placethem in a large plastic bag, and put yourfeet inside. It will be warmer if youloosely close the mouth of the bag.

Make a haramaki
belly warming band4

Yo u c a n a l s o w a r m y o u r b o d y b ywearing a belly band. Use two sheets ofnewspaper and plastic wrap. Fold thenewspaper in half and wrap around yourabdomen, and then wind plastic wrap on
top.

Use the effects of color to adjust your body temperature
To put on the floor:

To wear:- Plastic wrap

Use with a plastic bag

It is said that when people look at warm colors like red, their temperatures rise,
and when they see cool colors like blue, their temperatures drop. Try using
this effect in selecting your clothes or the color of partitions at the evacuation
center.

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2015-08-28 오후 7:12:45

Adjust Your Body
Temperature
You can adjust your body temperature by heating or cooling the back of your neck,under your arms, and above your tailbone. Use this method to keep warm or prevent
heat stroke.

Warm/cool your neck
Wrap a muffler or towel around yourneck when you are cold. If you are hot,place an ice pack behind your neck andwrap a towel, etc.

Back of the neckJust wrapping a muffler around the pointon the back of your neck that improves
blood circulation will significantly help
maintain your body temperature. It would
also be effective to cool this point whenit’s hot.
Underarms

Warm/cool yourunderarms

Because there is a large artery near thesurface, warming or cooling this area will
have effects on your whole body.

Your whole body will be warmed if you
place a plastic bottle with hot water under
your arm. You should place cold packs
under your arms when it’s hot.

Above the tailbone

4

Adjusting the temperature above thetailbone is an easy way to adjust yourbody temperature.

Make a hot water bottle
Plastic bottle, water, hot water, funnel,
Materials
container such as a bucket, towel

Mix equal portions of tap water andboiling water to make lukewarm water
about 60 degrees Celsius. Pour this into astrong plastic bottle, and wrap in a towel
to prevent low-temperature burns.

1 94150625_4-en.indd 194-195

Warm the area above
your tailbone
Your whole body will be warmed if you
apply a body warmer to the area above
your tailbone. If you can obtain a body
warmer, you should first use it on this
area.

195

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Protect Your Feet

Protect your feet andshoes from water
Materials Plastic bag, string

Prevent Dehydration

Materials Water, sugar, salt

4 tbsp. sugar

In a disaster-stricken area where itis difficult to walk, you will need toprotect your feet. To keep your shoes
from getting wet, cover each shoe witha plastic bag and tie it up with stringaround the ankles.

0.5 tsp. salt

Protect your feet andshoes from rubble
4

Materials Plastic bag, board, string

After placing plastic bags over your shoes
as explained above, place something hard
like a board under your shoes and tie itwith a string so it doesn’t loosen.

1 liter water
Why protect your feet?
In the event of a disaster it would be very important for you to not
injure yourself. The disaster-stricken area will be strewn with rubble,
have puddles of water, and will be harder to walk through than you canimagine. In order to prevent injury from nails and sharp materials, you
should learn in advance how to protect your feet.

1 96150625_4-en.indd 196-197

In order to prevent dehydration, it would be good to prepare an oral rehydration
solution, which has an absorption rate that is about 25 times higher than water. The
only things necessary are water, sugar and salt. Dissolve 4 tablespoons of sugar (about
40 grams) and 0.5 teaspoons of salt (about 4 grams) in 1 liter of water.

197

2015-08-28 오후 7:12:53

How to Store Water

Store as drinking water
When storing water, fill tap water up to themouth of a clean container such as a plastic
bottle. If you store it away from direct
sunlight, it can be used as drinking water
for about three days. However, you will
have to change the water every day if thewater has passed through a water purifier
as this will have removed chlorine and its
disinfecting effects.

How to Carry Water

Items to carry water
easilyA polyethylene tank and carrying cart
will be convenient in carrying waterfrom a water supply point. Putting waterin plastic bottles and carrying them inbackpacks, etc., will also help when
walking over rough roads.

Using plastic bags andcardboard boxes
Materials Cardboard box, plastic bag, adhesive tapeStore as domesticwater
The bathtub at general households canhold about 180 liters of water. If water
is stored in the bathtub, it can be used
for domestic purposes such as laundry,
cleaning, toilets and sprinkling.

When you do not have a polyethylene tankor plastic bottles, spread a polyethylene bag
inside a cardboard box, and firmly reinforce
this by taping cloth adhesive tape on thebottom and sides before use.

4

Using plastic bags andfuroshiki wrapping cloth
Materials Plastic bag, furoshiki wrapping cloth

Place water in a plastic bag and tie themouth. Place this in the center of a furoshiki
wrapping cloth that has its adjacent corners
tied together. If two people each hold oneof the knots, the water can be easily carried.

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199

2015-08-28 오후 7:13:00

How to Use the Toilet When
Water Supply Is Cut Off
Western toilet
For a western toilet, if the toilet can be
flushed even though the water supply isinterrupted, you can do this by pouring
about a bucket of water into the toilet
bowl. Don’t flush urine every time, anddon’t flush down toilet paper but throw it
away as trash.

Japanese toilet
For a Japanese toilet, if the toilet can be
flushed even though the water supply isinterrupted, you can do this by pouring abucket of water all at once into the toilet
bowl while pressing down the flush lever.
Don’t flush down toilet paper but throw it
away as trash.

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How to Make an Emergency
ToiletExisting toilet that
can't be flushed
Materials Plastic bags, newspaper

Lift the toilet seat, and cover the toilet
bowl with a plastic bag. Use a second
plastic bag to cover the toilet seat, andplace torn pieces of newspaper in thebag.

Portable emergency toilet
Materials

Large bucket (or cardboard box), plastic
bags, newspaper

4

Place two plastic bags inside the large
bucket or cardboard box, and place tornpieces of newspaper in the bag. Afterusing the toilet, remove the top plastic
bag and take it to a designated area.

201

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How to Make Emergency
Diapers

How to Make a Cloth Sanitary
NapkinMaterials Plastic supermarket bag, cotton cloth (or towel), scissors

Materials Towel handkerchief, tissue paper (or cloth)

1

2

1

2

Cut the top of the grip portion and bothsides of a large plastic supermarket bag,and open it. Fold a clean cotton cloth or
towel on top of this.

Lay the baby down with his bottom on
top of the cloth, and tie the upper grip
portions over his stomach.

Fold the two diagonal corners of a
towel handkerchief (a clean, cotton
towel handkerchief would be best) toa size that fits your underwear.

If tissue paper or cloth is available,
p u t s o m e i n s i d e . Yo u c a n r e s t
assured at night if the napkin isworn with the wider side in the
back.

3

4

4

Other items that can replace sanitary napkins

Lift the lower grip portions and passthem under the tie around the baby’s
stomach.

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Fold the surplus part of the bag down.

・ Wrap your underwear with plastic wrap.
・ Use folded pieces of toilet paper or tissue paper..
et・ If you have just one napkin left, place toilet
paper on top of it.
・ Use clean towels or cloth that can bethrown away after use.

203

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Keep Clean with Little Water

Make a Fly Trap

Materials Japanese sake, sugar, vinegar, plastic bottle, string, box cutter

Wipe your body with asmall amount of water

1

2

Place 70 cc of sake, 100 g of sugar, and 50
cc of vinegar in a plastic bottle, screw on thecap, and shake to mix.

Open about a 3cm hole in the upper halfof the bottle, and hang the bottle by astring under the eaves, from a laundry
pole, etc. Flies attracted by the smell will
go into the bottle and not be able to get
out.

no-rinse or non-residue
Materials Towel,soap

If you wipe your body with a towel using
a no-rinse or non-residue soap (can bepurchased at a drug store, etc.), you cankeep clean with little water.

Brush your teeth
without a toothbrushMaterials Gauze, tissue paper

Wrap a piece of gauze about 15x15cm large,or tissue paper around your finger, and scrub
your teeth until they feel clean. Also wipe
your gums and tongue, and then rinse yourmouth with water.

4

Why is a fly trap necessary?
It is predicted that there will be an outbreak of flies in the summer. In order tomaintain a sanitary environment not only at home, but at the evacuation centeror temporary housing as well, it is recommended that you get rid of flies bymaking a fly trap.

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205

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How to Make an Emergency
Lantern

Change the Size of theBattery

Use a plastic bag

Change an AA battery
into a C battery

white plastic bag,Materials Flashlight,
scissors

Materials AA battery, cloth, cellophane tape

Cover the flashlight with a white plastic
bag and tie the grip portion around it.
The light will gently spread through thewhole bag.

Cut cloth such as towels or handkerchiefs
to match the height of the AA battery,
and wrap it around the battery. When the
diameter becomes 2.6 cm, tape it withcellophane tape.

Change an AA battery
into a D battery
Use a plastic bottle
Materials

Materials

4

Flashlight, plastic bottle, water,
scissors

1

AA battery, cloth, aluminum foil,
cellophane tape

Cut cloth such as towels or handkerchiefs
to match the length of the AA battery,
and wrap it around the battery. When the
diameter becomes 3.4 cm, tape it withcellophane tape. Adjust the length of thebattery using crumpled aluminum foil.

2

Substitutes for aluminum foil
Anything that can pass an electric current can be used. If you don’t havealuminum foil, try using some other everyday item.
Cut an empty plastic bottle at a point about 5 cm
higher than the flashlight, and make cuts 1 to 2
cm long at four places along the rim.

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150625_4-en.indd 206-207

Stand the flashlight inside the cut plastic
bottle, and on top of it place anotherplastic bottle containing water.

- Stack and tape together seven 1 yen coins- Stack and tape together seven 10 yen coins(Do not combine 1 yen and 10 yen coins.)

207

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How to Make Plates and Eating
Utensils
Make a plate from a plastic bottle

Materials Plastic bottle, box cutter, scissors

Make a dish from newspaper

Materials Newspaper, plastic bag

1

2

1

2

Use a box cutter to cut the top off of a2-liter plastic bottle. Be careful not to cut
your hands.

Cut the bottle along its length. The
bottom of the bottle will be too stiff to
cut with the box cutter, so use a large
pair of scissors.

Fold a newspaper into a triangle, andfold along the dotted line in the drawing
to make a cup with a bottom.

Place a plastic bag over the folded
newspaper and tie the bottom of thebag. This can be used as plate or acup.

Make a spoon from a milk carton

Materials Milk carton, scissors

Make a cup out of a plastic bottle

1

2

4

Cut off the top triangular portion of
the milk carton, and cut the carton
into four pieces by cutting along its
length down the center of each side.

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Fold the cut portion and cut along thedotted lines in the illustration, to make aspoon. By changing the angle of the cut,the depth of the spoon can be changed.

Materials

Plastic bottle, scissors (box cutter)1

2

Cut the upper portion of the plastic bottle
using a box cutter or scissors.

Make the cut edge as smooth as possible
to prevent injury.

209

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How to Make an Emergency
Cooking Stove
Materials Aluminum cans, aluminum foil, string, toothpicks, scissors, vegetable oil

14

Bend the aluminum foil with the wicks
into a triangle, and place this inside the
4 cm aluminum can. Place vegetable oil
inside and let the wicks absorb the oil.

5

Complete the cooking stove by evenly
spacing the 5 cm aluminum cans aroundthe 4 cm can.

T
Take
17 cm of aluminum foil, and foldthe sheet into four, and then fold boththssides to meet in the center.

2

Use a tooth pick to open holes in the foil
in a total of 6 places: two in the center,and two each at about 2 cm from the left
and right sides. Insert 10 cm long piecesof string, and set them to emerge about
3mm from the top of the aluminum foil.
If you don’t have any string, twisted
pieces of tissue paper can also be used.

4

6

3

Adjust the position of the 5 cm cans to fit
the size of the pot or pan.

Using a pair of sharp scissors, cut two
aluminum cans at points 5 cm from the
top and 4 cm from the bottom. Wearwork gloves when you cut the cans andbe careful. The 4 cm piece will be theburner and the 5 cm piece will be thetrivet where pots or pans are placed

21 0150625_4-en.indd 210-211

211

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Making Partitions

Materials Cardboard box, tape, scissors

How to Make a KnapsackMaterials Long pants, string (about 2 meters long)

1

2

1

2

Open up a sturdy cardboard box, and cut
so that the corner portion comes in thecenter of the left and right sides.

The resulting four portions will become thestands for cardboard box partitions.

Use the string to tie the bottom portionof the two legs of the pants. Tie thestring so that the two ends are equal inlength.

Fold the pants at around the knees, andpass the string through the belt loops.

3

4

3

Make triangular shapes out of these
portions and tape together at the top, tocreate the stands.

Insert other opened cardboard boxes(partitions) into the stands. The space
between the stands is adjusted to fit thesize of the partition box.

Make the leg portions the shoulder straps of the knapsack so it can be carried on your back.
Firmly tie the string that has been passed through the belt loop to prevent the contents fromspilling out.

21 2150625_4-en.indd 212-213

4213

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How to Make Cushions andPillows

How to Make a Bed

Materials Large plastic sheets, cardboard boxes, polystyrene foam, newspaper

Make a cushion from aplastic bag
Materials Plastic bag, string

Fill one-third or one-half of a plastic
bag with air. The bag can be easily filledby raising the bag and quickly lowering
it. Adjust the amount of air to yourpreference, and close the mouth of thebag.
Newspaper

Polystyrene foam

Use a ball as a pillow
Cardboard box

Plastic sheet

4

Materials ball

If the evacuation center is a schoolor gymnasium, use the balls there as
pillows. Insert the inflator that is storedwith the balls into the ball’s hole.
Remove air until you achieve the height
preferred for use as a pillow.

Place the plastic sheet on the floor, and place cardboard boxes and polystyrene foam
on top of it. This will create a bed that is cushiony and has thermal insulation effects
for protection from cold coming from the floor. Cover with newspapers.

21 4150625_4-en.indd 214-215

215

2015-08-28 오후 7:13:40

How to Tie Ropes

Clove
hitch

Used to tie a rope to a column or pole. It is good for knots in crafts and tying
small things.

1

Place the rope around the pole twice.
Tuck the first loop under the rope.

2

Pull the ends to firmly tighten the knot.

Squareknot

Can be used to extend the length of a rope by tying ropes of equal thickness
together, etc. Can also be used in tying triangular cloth.

1

2

Cross two ropes

Bring the ends together and cross again.

3

4

Pull tight and make sure the knot isn’tloose.

Use of ropes
If you have poles or rods and rope, you can make a clothes line that will be
useful at evacuation centers or emergency housing, or in making partitions toprotect your privacy.

21 6150625_4-en.indd 216-217

217

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Exercises for Evacuation Life

These are exercises that people living in evacuation centers or temporary housing can
do to help maintain or restore their physical and mental capabilities.
Joint circles and bends/extensions (3 minutes)
Stretch exercises (3 minutes)

1

2

Hands
overhead

5

Side extensions(left/right)

6

Chest
extension

21 8150625_4-en.indd 218-219

Lower backextension

3

4

Opening shoulder
bladesUpper body twist(left/right)

7

8

Leg stretch(left/right)

Calf/Achilles tendon(left/right)

1

2

3

4

Neck circles (rightand left, 4 times)

Wrist and ankle
circles (right and left,
5 times)

Knee circles (rightand left, 10 times)

Hip circles (rightand left, 10 times)

6

7

8

Leg/knee side extension(left/right)

Ground stamp(right and left,
10 times)

5

Knee bends(10 or more)

4

Wide squat(10 times)

219

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Children Playing

A major disaster will leave mental scars on both adults and children. But while children
may be smiling or quiet even when they are under great stress, it does not mean thatthey are okay. By playing, children will be able to reconfirm their feeling of safety, ridthemselves of the stress of evacuation life, and express feelings that they are hiding deep
inside (sorrow, anger, remorse, loneliness, etc.). If children can play well under the close
watch of supporters, they will be able to sense that they are controlling their feelings.
Devise ways for children to play that matches their age.

Physical activities

CraftsDodgeball, baseball using hands to hit theball, jump rope, etc.

Making things with origami, newspaper,clay, etc.

4Hand games (small children)

Rock-Paper-Scissors train

Do simple hand games like “head,shoulder, knees and toes” or handclapping games.

A rock-paper-scissors game that can be playedby many children. First, two children do rockpaper-scissors, the one who loses stands behind
the winner, and the winner does this withanother person, and so on, to form “trains.”

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Games that don t need props

Other

Quizzes, tag, hide-and-seek, red rover,freeze tag, statues, follow the leader, etc.

Reading picture books, playing withdolls (puppets), games such as shogi, go,cards, etc.

221

2015-08-28 오후 7:13:57

Good Ways to Use Everyday
Items
Plastic Wrap

Newspapers

As a splint for fractures
Layer newspapers like a board and place
this on the broken bone up to the joints
on both sides.

Place in clothes for thermal
insulation
If newspapers are placed between yourunder and outer wear when it is cold, alayer of air will be formed to keep you
warm.

Use as a cover

Make playthings

If there are no blankets or comforters,
just covering yourself with newspapers
can make a big difference in keeping you
warm.

Crumple one sheet of newspaper into a ball, andlayer newspapers over this. Adjust the shapeand secure firmly with tape.

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Use to keep warm
Fold two newspapers and wrap around yourabdomen. Wind plastic wrap around this.
This will help retain body heat and keep you
warm.

Protect a wound after the
bleeding has been stopped
After stopping the bleeding, wind theplastic wrap around the wound. Plastic
wrap can effectively protect the woundbecause it is very airtight.

Attaching a splint

Cover dishes

Plastic wrap is effective in attaching a
splint, such as a rod or board, to a brokenbone. Thoroughly wind the plastic wrap
to keep the splint from moving.

When water supply is interrupted, it isdifficult to wash dishes. If food is placedon dishes that have been covered withplastic wrap, you will not have to washthe dishes.

4

223

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Plastic Bags

Large handkerchief

Protect yourself from infection

Transport water in a hygienic way

As a mask

Attaching a splint

In order to prevent infection from treating
a wound, it is important to avoid touchingblood by using rubber gloves, etc. A clean
plastic bag can also be used.

If you don’t have a clean plastic tank orplastic bottle, water can be transported ina hygienic way by covering a container
with a plastic bag.

Dust is expected to fly during a disaster.
Make a simple mask by covering
your nose and mouth with a large
handkerchief.

A large handkerchief is effective inattaching a splint, such as a rod or board,
to a broken bone. Tie in several places tokeep the splint from moving.

For the toilet

As an arm sling

Stop bleeding

When you can’t use the toilet because the watersupply is interrupted, use plastic bags filled withnewspaper.
Refer → p. 201

After attaching a splint to a broken arm,
an arm sling, using a triangular cloth,should be used to immobilize the arm. A
handkerchief can be used in place of thetriangular cloth.

When bleeding from an artery, use
as a compression bandage to stop the
bleeding.
Refer → p. 179

4

Cover dishes
If you cover dishes you can reduce thenumber of items that need to be washed.
You will also run out of paper dishes if
you dispose of them each time they areused, so cover them with a plastic bag.

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225

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Disaster Emergency
Message Dial
Listen to a message

Leave a message

Dial 171Press 1

Disaster Message Board(Mobile Phones)

Post a message

Read a message

Choose Disaster Message Board on the main page

Press 2

If you are a disaster survivor, enter your home phone number.
If not, enter the phone number of the person in the disaster-strickenarea whom you wish to contact, starting with the area code.

Choose Register Messages

Choose Confirm Messages

Choose your current
situation / condition(You can also enter yourmessage)Enter the mobile phone numberof the person whom you wish toconfirm the safety of(XXX)-XXX-XXX

4
Press 1#Press 1#

Choose Register on the page

Choose Search on the page

Record your message(within 30 seconds)

Message playback begins

Message registered

Search results displayed

Press 9# (end)Dial 171 and follow the voice guidance (in Japanese) to leave or play back messages.
Because each recording is up to 30 seconds, prepare a brief message that contains
necessary information only. Each message will be saved for 48 hours. You can practiceusing the service on days such as the 1st and 15th days of each month.

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This message board service is provided by mobile phone carriers to enable people toconfirm the safety of each other via text messages. To use the service, visit the portalsite of your carrier from your mobile phone. You can practice using the service ondays such as the 1st and 15th days of each month.
Details → p. 272

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rkshopwo

Take Action to Get
Your Family PreparedDO
NOW

Try the disaster preparedness steps outlined in this manual with your family. Here isan example of how you could use one weekend day to prepare for a disaster with yourfamily, while also having fun.

Role-playing: 15 minutes
10:45

After you have imagined what the moment will be like, practice theactions outlined on pp. 17-25, assuming that a major earthquake
has just occurred.

Convene: 15 minutes
10:00

Gather your family and have each member talk about what theyknow about disasters and disaster prevention and what they hope toaccomplish over the course of the day.
Imagine what will happen when a disaster occurs: 30 minutes

10: 15

If a major earthquake occurs, what will happen to your family? To learn
more about what the situation will be like, read Chapter 1 of this manual“Simulation of a Major Earthquake” with your family. Then walk aroundyour home and have each member of your family imagine what it will be
like.

Use the map to verify your evacuation area: 30 minutes
1 1 : 00

See the accompanying map and actually go to the evacuation area
in your neighborhood. Also, confirm matters such as a safe meeting
place and how you will contact each other in case mobile phones andother services are interrupted. Take down this information on thepages of this manual set aside for notes. You can also use the Bosai
the Rhino cartoon flip book (bottom right corner of each page) to
confirm the actions you should take when a major earthquake occurs.

4
Check points

Things to confirm

Where is a safe place to protect yourself?

Your evacuation area and evacuation routes

What will happen to the furniture and home appliancesin the living room?

Where to meet up

What if you’re sleeping in the bedroom?

Details → p. 115
Take notes → p. 292

How family members will contact each other

Details → p. 128
Contact information for you and your family Take notes → p. 294

What if you’re in the restroom or taking a bath?

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Discuss what your family needs to prepare for adisaster: 30 minutes
1 1 : 30

Discuss what items your family need to stockpile, and make a shopping list.
See the household stockpile (pp. 86-91) and furniture stabilizing measures(pp. 96-99) sections and find the disaster preparedness measures that best
suit your family. In the afternoon, take time to go shopping. Prepare a list ofitems necessary for your family, such as emergency supplies and furniturestabilizing devices. The pages set aside to take notes in this manual will be
helpful.

Prepare: 1 hour
1 5: 00

Decide where to locate stockpiles and emergency bags, and arrange
them accordingly. Stabilize the furniture so that they will not fall,
topple over, or slide. Confirm that you have not missed anything byreferring to the furniture stabilizing checklist (pp. 100-103).

Check points
Confirm the location of stockpiles
Confirm the location of emergency bags

Check points

Stabilizing measures appropriate for your furnishingsand home appliances

List of emergency stockpile items for your family
List of items to be put in emergency bags
Furniture stabilizing measures for each room of yourhome

Lunch and shopping: 3 hours
Have lunch and then go and buy necessary items.

Wrap-up: 15 minutes
16 : 00

To wrap up the day, have each member of your family give one totwo minutes of feedback. Share your frank thoughts with each otherso that everyone in your family will be safe if a disaster strikes.

4

1 2: 00

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2015-08-28 오후 7:14:23

rkshopwo

Hold a Community Eventto Prepare for a Disaster

DO
NOW
Program 2: Hands-on experience

This is the main event. Use this manual to practice solving problems that will occur when a disaster strikes.
We will introduce how to hold a hands-on event where participants can have
fun learning knowledge that will be truly helpful in the event of a disaster.
Why not invite neighbors or hold an event at school, and build a solidcommunity prepared for a disaster?

Practice solving problems that occur when a disaster strikes: 15 minutes foreach exercise
1. Present a problem

Participants
What to bring
Hours
Preparation
Tools
Materials

3-30 people
This manual
1.5-3 hours
Person who will serve as a moderator
A space large enough to accommodate the participants
Scissors, box cutters, glue, pliers, nippers
Table with a lot of materials on it(Refer to pp. 234-235 for exercise samples and materials to prepare.)

The moderator presents the first problem.

Exercise samples → pp. 234-235

2. Teams look for solutions
Members of each team cooperate witheach other to solve the problem, using
the contents of this manual and various
materials.

Program 1: Imagine the moment

4

Read the experience of survivors: 15 minutes
First, have all the participants read the experience ofearthquake survivors. It is important that everyone is aware ofwhat it is really like to experience an earthquake.

Experience → p. 72
Opening: 15 minutes
Ask the participants to separate into teams consisting of fouror less people each. If possible, place people who have nevertalked to each other on the same team. After they are divided
into teams, have the members of each team share their names,
occupations, and what they thought about the experience ofsurvivors, allowing each to talk for about three minutes.

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3. Each team presents a solution
When the problem is solved, a teammember raises his/her hand and themoderator examines the solution. Once
all teams find the answer, move on to thenext problem. Spend about 15 minutes oneach problem.

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Shuffle team members and closing: 15 minutes
Getting to know many people is another objective of this event. After the exercises,
shuffle the team members. Once each new team is formed, members talk for threeminutes each, giving their names, occupations and their thoughts on the event.

ProblemMaterials
Answer
ProblemMaterials
Answer
ProblemMaterials
Answer
ProblemMaterials
AnswerWe need dishes and spoons to distribute meals. Let’s makethem.
Plastic bottles, milk cartons, newspaper
p. 208Let’s learn how to tie ropes tightly. Tie a clove hitch and square
knot.
Ropes
p. 216
There is no light due to a power failure. How can we make alight?
Flashlights, white plastic bags, plastic bottles, waterp. 206
It’s getting chilly. Think about how we can warm ourselves withnewspapers.
Newspaper, plastic bags, plastic wrap
p. 192

Exercise samples (pp. 192-217)

4
ProblemMaterials
Answer
ProblemMaterials
Answer
ProblemMaterials
AnswerThere is no D battery. Make a substitute using an AA battery.
Flashlight that works on a D battery, AA battery, cloth, aluminum
foil
p. 207
There is no toilet. Make an emergency toilet using materials
available here.
Bucket, plastic bags, newspaper
p. 201
You have come to an evacuation center. Let’s make a bed andpillow.
Cardboard, newspaper, polystyrene foam, large plastic sheets, ballpp. 214-215

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Having these versatile materials at the event could be helpful.
- Newspaper- Cardboard- Plastic bags
- Plastic bottles- Paper cartons- Paper- Cloth- Plastic wrap
- Aluminum foil
- Sterile gauze- Rubber bands- Paper clips- Garbage bags
- Ropes- Clothes you nolonger wear

If you prepare ample amounts of versatile materials,
such as those listed above, event participants might beable to come up with their own versions of helpful items.
Cooperate with the members of your team and look into
various solutions.

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Knowledge
P. 238Support Systems
P. 253

Information
P. 262

Disaster Facts
and Information
You Should Know
Learning as much as you can about
disasters will help you make quick andaccurate decisions when one strikes.
This knowledge will not only be helpful
to you, but could lead to helping manyothers too. In this chapter, we havecompiled a range of information ondifferent types of disasters and disaster
preparedness. Enhance your level ofdisaster preparedness by learning more!
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2015-08-31 오후 3:45:19

Knowledge of Earthquakes

Seismic Intensity and Magnitude
Seismic intensity describes the degree of shaking. Seismic intensities announced by
the Japan Meteorological Agency are ranked into 10 levels from “0” to “7” (see thetable below). Magnitude (M) is the energy of the earthquake. Even an earthquake witha small magnitude could have a large seismic intensity in areas near the source.

Eurasian Plate

Sa
gam
i Tr
oug
h
h
g
u
o
Tr

Philippine Sea Plate

Izu-Ogasawara
Trench

ai
nk
Na

Jap
an
Tre
nch
Pacific Plate

North American Plate
2

1

Pa
3
cif
ic
Pl
ate

2

1

3

6

0

Imperceptible to people

1Felt slightly by some people keeping quiet in buildings.

2

Felt by most people keeping quiet in buildings.

3

Felt by almost all people inside buildings.

4

Almost all people are startled. Hanging objects such as lights sway significantly.
Unstable objects/figurines may fall.

4

e
lat
aP
e
eS
pin
ilip
Ph
5

Mechanism of Earthquake
Earthquakes occur when slabs of rock underground slip away or toward each other.
Around Japan, oceanic plates move at a speed of several centimeters a year toward
the land plates, and when the land plates can no longer resist this stress and slip, anearthquake occurs at the plate boundary (interplate earthquake). The complex forces ofmultiple plates around Japan make it one of the world’s most seismically active areas.
An earthquake that occurs inside the tectonic plate is called an intraplate earthquake.
Intraplate earthquakes include earthquakes occurring within the subducting plateand earthquakes occurring in the shallow area of a land plate (shallow focus inland
earthquake: active fault earthquake). As a shallow focus inland earthquake would
occur near residential areas, it could cause large damage. A large earthquake directly
hitting Tokyo, the Tokai earthquake, and other major earthquakes are forecasted tooccur.

Active Fault
These were active in the most recent period of geological time (from the Quaternary
Period: within the last 1.7 to 2 million years), and are faults that can become thesource of future earthquakes.

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Situation

Seismic
intensity

5 Lower Most people feel the need to hold onto something stable. Things such as dishes orbooks on shelves may fall. Unsecured furniture may move and unstable objects
may topple over.
5 Upper

Walking is difficult without holding onto something stable. More things suchas dishes or books on shelves fall. Unreinforced concrete block walls, etc., may
collapse.

6 Lower It is difficult to remain standing. Most unsecured furniture move and some may
topple over. Wall tiles and windows may sustain damage and fall. For wooden
houses with low earthquake resistance, roof tiles may fall, and the houses may tilt
or collapse.
6 Upper

75People need to crawl to move, and may be thrown through the air. Almost all
unsecured furniture move and more start toppling over. Large cracks may form in
the ground, and large-scale landslips and massif collapse may occur.
There are even more cases of wooden houses with low earthquake resistancetilting or collapsing. Even buildings with high earthquake resistance could tilt.
More reinforced concrete buildings with low seismic resistance collapse.

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Liquefaction

Long-period ground motion observation information

Liquefaction is a phenomenon in which soil behaves like a liquid due to the occurrenceof an earthquake. It could cause damage such as the tilting or sinking of houses andother buildings. It could also result in the uplifting of manholes and structures withlaw specific gravity such as sewage pipes.

The Japan Meteorological Agency is announcing long-period ground motion
observation information on its website on a trial basis (as of April 2015).

Long-period Ground Motions
When an earthquake occurs, various periods of shaking (ground motion) occur. Here,“period” means the time it takes for the ground to move back and forth to complete
one cycle. When a large-scale earthquake occurs, a long-period, slow and large
shaking (ground motion) occurs. This kind of ground motion is called “long-period
ground motion.”

Swaying characteristics of tallbuildings
Buildings have what is called a natural
period—the rate at which they swayback and forth. When this natural period
and the seismic wave period match up,
the subsequent resonance will make thebuilding shake significantly. In general,tall buildings have a longer natural
period than low buildings. Due to thisfact, tall buildings tend to resonate
with the seismic waves of long-period
ground motion, and once this resonanceoccurs, a building will sway largely fora long period. The higher floors of a tallbuilding also tend to sway more than thelower floors.

24 0150629_5-en.indd 240-241

Slow swaying
throughout the building

Long-period ground motion is ranked according to situations inside tall buildings, suchas human perception and reaction, and the movement or toppling over of furniture.
For instance in long-term ground motion grade 1, window blinds swing significantly
and almost everyone can feel the shaking. At grade 4, most of the furniture that is notsecured to the floor or wall moves and people find it difficult to remain standing.

Long-period
ground motion
level

Human perception and reaction

Situation

Almost everyone can feel the
shaking. Some are startled.

Blinds and other hanging objects
swing significantly.

Grade 2People feel large shaking and wantto hold onto something stable. They
have problems moving, such as
having difficulty walking without
holding onto something.

Furniture and fixtures on casters
move slightly. Dishes and books onshelves may fall.

Grade 3It becomes difficult to remain
standing.

Furniture and fixtures on casters
move significantly. Unsecured
furniture may move, and unstable
items may topple over.

Grade 4People cannot remain standing,have to crawl to move, and are
tossed about by the shaking.

Furniture and fixtures on casters
move significantly, and some may
topple over. Most of the unsecured
furniture will move and some will
topple over.

Grade 1

The higher the floor,
the more powerful
the shaking

Medium and tall

Long-period ground motion levels

Supertall5

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Tsunami Knowledge
Earthquake Early Warnings
Earthquake Early Warning is information on the estimated seismic intensity and arrival
time of strong tremors, which is provided as soon as possible after the occurrence of anearthquake. When an Earthquake Early Warning is issued by the Japan Meteorological
Agency, people are informed through television, radio, the Internet, and others.

1. The ocean floor and ocean surface rise orsink due to an earthquake.
2. The fluctuation of the ocean surface
becomes a large wave that spreads in all
directions and strikes the coastal areas.

Types of Earthquake Early Warnings
There are two main types of Earthquake Early Warnings: forecasts and alerts.
An Earthquake Early Warning forecast is issued when an earthquake witha maximum seismic intensity of at least 3 or a magnitude of at least 3.5 isexpected to occur. An Earthquake Early Warning alert is issued for areas thatwill have tremors with a seismic intensity of at least 4 when an earthquakewith a maximum seismic intensity of at least 5 Lower is expected to occur.
When the maximum seismic intensity is expected to be at least 6 Lower, the
Early Warning alert is positioned as an emergency alert.
Type
Ground motion
forecast

Name of Earthquake Warning
IssuedEarthquake Early Warning
forecast

Ground motion alert
Ground motion
emergency alert

Earthquake Early Warning orEarthquake Early Warning alert

Earthquake

Contents
Maximum seismic intensity 3 orhigher or magnitude 3.5 or higher
Maximum seismic intensity 5
Lower or higher
Maximum seismic intensity 6
Lower or higher

5

Mechanism of a Tsunami
Mechanism of Earthquake Early Warning System
When an earthquake occurs, the P waves that cause small shaking are followed by the
S waves that cause large shaking. After detecting the first P wave by the seismometers,
the Earthquake Early Warning is issued to warn people of the approaching S wave.
However, in areas close to the focus, the Earthquake Early Warning may not be issued
in time.

24 2150629_5-en.indd 242-243

When an earthquake occurs at a shallow place below the surface of the ocean floor,
fault movements make the ocean floor rise or sink. This results in a fluctuation of
the ocean surface, which becomes a large wave that spreads in all direction. This isa tsunami. The deeper the water depth, the faster the tsunami travels, and the more
shallow the water, the higher the tsunami becomes. In any case, the tsunami flows
powerfully inland at a speed that most people will not be able to outrun. It also recedes
very strongly, taking everything that floats out to sea. Tsunamis will hit repetitively as
well.

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Typhoon and Heavy Rain
Knowledge
Typhoon Structure

Eye of the typhoon

Air descends, with no clouds, and weakening wind and rain. Theeye has a diameter ranging from around 20 to 200 km. In general,
the smaller the eye of the typhoon, the more powerful the typhoon.

Eyewall

The eye of the typhoon is surrounded by the eyewall, a ring ofdense cumulonimbus clouds. This is where the strongest wind andrain of the storm occurs.

Spiral band

A somewhat thick spiral band (inner rainband) around the eyewall,
which produce strong and continuous rainfall.

Outer band
Above the clouds

Hurricane
TyphoonCycloneOuter rainbands around the spiral band, forming about 200 to 600
km from the center of the typhoon, which intermittently produce
strong rain showers, thunderstorms, and at times, tornadoes.
Air is released clockwise.

Cross section diagramof a typhoon
Eye ofthe Typhoon

180° E* Large tropical cyclones are called different names depending on where they occur.

Typhoons and Tropical Cyclones

24 4150629_5-en.indd 244-245

Eyewall

Height 10-15 km

Low-pressure systems forming over tropical waters are called tropical cyclones. Of
these tropical cyclones, those in the northwestern Pacific or the South China Seathat have a maximum wind speed (10-minute average) of at least 17m/s are called
typhoons. Upper level winds push the typhoon, which is disposed to moving northdue to the effect of earth’s rotation. Because of this, in low latitudes where east winds
normally blow, the typhoon moves north while being steered to the west. When thetyphoon reaches the middle and high latitudes where strong west winds (prevailingwesterlies) are blowing in the upper level, typhoons move northeast at a high speed.

5

Descending
air

Outer band

Ascending air

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2015-08-31 오후 3:45:42

Advisories and Warnings for Typhoons and Heavy Rain

Heavy rain
advisory

Issued when there is the risk that heavy rain will cause flooding or
sediment disasters. The advisory continues to be issued even after the rain
has stopped if there is still the risk of sediment disasters, etc.

Heavy rain
warning

Issued when there is the risk that heavy rain will cause serious flooding or
sediment disasters. The warning continues to be issued even after the rain
has stopped if there is still the risk of serious sediment disasters, etc

Gale advisory

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring from strong winds.

Stormwarning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring from violent
winds.

Flood dvisory

Issued when there is the risk of rising levels or flooding of rivers, damage
or collapse of levees, and other disasters occurring due to heavy rain, long
rain, snowmelt, etc.

Floodwarning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring due to heavy
rain, long rain, snowmelt, etc.

High wave
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring due to high waves.
High waves are completely different from tsunamis occurring fromearthquakes.

High wave
warning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring due to highwaves. High waves are completely different from tsunamis occurring fromearthquakes.

Typhoon and heavy rain emergency warnings

Heavy rain
emergency
warning

Issued when heavy rainfall of an intensity observed only once every
few decades is forecasted due to typhoons or torrential rain, or when apowerful typhoon with a level of intensity observed only once every few
decades or an extratropical cyclone of comparable intensity is forecasted
to bring heavy rain. When a heavy rain emergency warning is issued, it
is expected that there is an extremely large risk of serious damage suchas inundation and sediment disaster occurring. The emergency warning
continues to be issued even after the rain has stopped when there is stilla significantly large risk of serious sediment disaster, etc. occurring.

Storm
emergency
warning

Issued when it is forecasted that a powerful typhoon with a level ofintensity observed only once every few decades or an extratropical
cyclone of comparable intensity will produce violent winds.

High wave
emergency
advisory

Issued when it is forecasted that a powerful typhoon with a level ofintensity observed only once every few decades or an extratropical
cyclone of comparable intensity will produce high waves. High waves
are completely different from tsunamis occurring from earthquakes.

Storm surge
emergency
warning

Issued when it is forecasted that a powerful typhoon with a level ofintensity observed only once every few decades or an extratropical
cyclone of comparable intensity will result in storm surge.

Other typhoon and heavy rain bulletins and forecasts

Storm surge
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring through the abnormalrise of the ocean surface due to typhoons, low pressure systems, etc.

Storm surge
warning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring through theabnormal rise of the ocean surface due to typhoons, low pressure systems, etc.

Thunderstorm
warning

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring through lightening.
Alerts may also be added for hail or sudden gusts of wind that often form
under thunderclouds. Thunderstorm advisories will also call for caution
against sudden heavy rain.

24 6150629_5-en.indd 246-247

Record-time
heavy rain
information

During a heavy rain warning, this bulletin is announced on theobservation or analysis of severe record-time heavy rain of a scale that
only occurs once every several years to let everyone know that thecurrent rainfall is of a severity rarely seen in that area.

5
Designated riverflood forecast

Sedimentdisaster alert
bulletin

The Japan Meteorological Agency and the national government orprefectural governments jointly make flood forecasts that indicate thewater level and flow rate of designated rivers. There are four types ofdesignated river flood forecasts: Flood advisory bulletin, flood warning
bulletin, flood risk bulletin, and flood bulletin.
During a heavy rain warning, if a very high risk of sediment disaster
arises, the municipalities at risk are identified, and this bulletin is issued
jointly by the relevant prefecture and the Japan Meteorological Agency.
Locations at risk of sediment disasters, warning and evacuation
districts, and emergency warning districts can be confirmed on theTokyo Metropolitan Government’s Sediment Disaster Risk Map

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Various Weather Information

Heavy snow advisory, warning, emergency warning

Avalanche, etc. advisories

Heavy snow
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring due to heavy snow.

Avalanche
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring from avalanches.

Heavy snow
warning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring due toheavy snow.

Snowmelt
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring due toheavy snow.

Heavy snow
emergency
warning

Issued when heavy snow with a level of intensity observed only once
every few decades is forecasted.

Snow accretion
advisory

Issued when heavy snow with a level of intensity observed only once
every few decades is forecasted.

Snowstorm advisory, warning, emergency warning

Gale and snow
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of damage from gales accompanying
snow. In addition to disasters from strong winds, alerts are also
given for disasters resulting from visibility obstruction (reduction ofvisibility), etc., accompanying snow.

Snowstorm
warning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring fromgales accompanying snow. In addition to serious disasters occurringfrom violent winds, warnings are also given about the risk of serious
disasters resulting from visibility obstruction (reduction of visibility),
etc., accompanying snow.

Snowstorm
emergency
warning

Issued when it is forecasted that a powerful typhoon with a level ofintensity observed only once every few decades or a extratropical
cyclone of comparable intensity will produce violent winds
accompanying snow. In addition to serious disasters occurring fromviolent winds, warnings are also given about the extremely high riskof serious disasters resulting from visibility obstruction (reduction ofvisibility), etc., accompanying snow.

Cold weather advisories
Ice accretion
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of damage to communications lines, power lines,
ship hulls, etc., due to significant ice accretion.

Frost advisory

Issued when there is the risk of damage to crops due to early and late frost.

Low temperatureadvisory

Issued when there is the risk of significant damage to crops, etc., due to lowtemperatures, or the risk of significant damage brought about by the freezingor rupture of water supply pipes in the winter.

5

Other Advisories
Dense fog
advisory

Dry air advisory

24 8150629_5-en.indd 248-249

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring due tothick fog. Disasters include significant impairments thathinder the operation of transit systems.
Issued where there is the risk of disasters occurring due todry air, and when weather conditions that have a high risk offire outbreak are forecasted.

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Large-Scale Disasters in the
Past
Earthquakes since the Great Kanto Earthquake that wrought
enormous damage

Major volcanic eruptions that had an impact on Tokyo

Year

Scale

Disaster nameDamageYear

Name

Damage, etc.

1923

M7.9

Great Kanto EarthquakeKita

Deaths/missing:Over 105,000

1707

Hoei-Eruption of Mount Fuji

Large quantities of volcanic ash

1927

M7.3

TKita Tango Earthquake

Deaths: 2,925

1902

Izu-Torishima Eruption

Deaths: 125

1943

M7.2

Tottori Earthquake

Deaths: 1,083

1944

M7.9

Tonankai Earthquake

Deaths/missing: 1,223

1940

Miyakejima Eruption

Deaths: 11

1945

M6.8

Mikawa Earthquake

Deaths: 2,306

1983

Miyakejima Eruption

Damage from lava flow, etc.

1946

M8.0

Nankai Earthquake

Deaths: 1,330

1986

Izu-Oshima Eruption

All residents evacuated from the island

1948

M7.1

Fukui Earthquake

Deaths: 3,769

1995

M7.3

Great Hanshin-Awaji
Earthquake

Deaths: 6,434

2000

Miyakejima Eruption

All residents evacuated from the island

2011

M9.0

Great East Japan
Earthquake

Deaths: 19,225(as of March 2015)* Volcanic eruptions that left behind damage in Tokyo

5

1923 Great Kanto Earthquake (from the archivesof the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Memorial
Hall of Reconstruction Hall of Reconstruction)

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2011 Great East Japan Earthquake

1986 Izu-Oshima eruption©T. Miyazaki

2000 Miyakejima Eruption

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2015-08-31 오후 3:45:45

Support for Rebuilding of Life
after a Disaster
Recent typhoons and heavy rain that had an impact on Tokyo
Heavy rain

Inundation above floor level: 2,349
Inundation below floor level: 2,129

Typhoon No. 9

Injured: 2
Houses totally destroyed: 2
Houses destroyed to some degree: 189

Heavy rain

Injured: 5Inundation above floor level: 7
Inundation below floor level: 5

July 5, 2010

Heavy rain

Missing: 1
Inundation above floor level: 336
Inundation below floor level: 372
Landslip: 1

December 2-3, 2010

Heavy rain, gales

Deaths: 1
Injured: 5Houses destroyed to some degree: 1

September 21, 2011

Typhoon No. 15

Injured: 6
Houses destroyed to some degree:1
Inundation below floor level: 3

September 15-16, 2013

Typhoon No. 18

Injured: 3Houses destroyed to some degree: 4Inundation below floor level: 1

Typhoon No. 26

Deaths: 36
Missing: 4Houses totally destroyed: 46;
Houses partially destroyed: 40

September 4-5, 2005

September 5-7, 2007

August 9, 2009

October 16, 2013

Support for rebuilding life
There are various systems in place to help you rebuild your life when you haveincurred damage from a natural disaster such as an earthquake. Some of the systems
may require that you present a damage certificate (risai shomeisho), which certifies thedegree of damage to your home or office, etc., caused by the earthquake, etc. File forthis certificate at your municipality. Following this, you can apply for various systems
that can help you rebuild your life. In addition, if you were insured for earthquakes,
etc., you can receive insurance money.

Death of a parent or child, etc.

➡

Disaster sympathy money

Disability from injury or disease➡

Disaster disability compensation money

Need money for the time being
to live and to rebuild life➡
➡

Support fund for disaster victims to rebuild
their lives
Disaster relief fundWish to get a tax exemption or
reduction➡
➡

Income tax casualty loss deduction
Income tax disaster exemption

Wish to rebuild my house➡

Disaster reconstruction housing loan

Wish to resume work➡
➡
➡

Public vocational training
Job seeker support training
Vocational training allowance➡

Emergency scholarship by the Japan Student
Services Organization
National government education loan’s special
measure for disasters* Typhoons and heavy rain that wrought human damage in Tokyo and damage to over 2,000 houses.

Wish to resume school➡

Wish to rebuild my business➡
➡

5

Disaster reconstruction loan
Loan systems for SMEs and agricultural,
forestry, and fisheries businesses

2013 Typhoon No. 26 sediment disaster in Izu Oshima island

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2015-08-31 오후 3:45:56

Damage certificate

Disaster disability compensation money

A damage certificate is issued by the head of the municipality to certify the degree ofdamage to a person’s residence due to disasters such as earthquakes, wind and floods. It
will be necessary to use this certificate to receive benefits, loans, disaster relief money,
extension and/or reduction/exemption of payment of taxes, national health insurance,
etc., reduction/exemption of fees for public services, to file for insurance benefits, andapply for residence in emergency temporary housing.

Those who became severely disabled due to the disaster can receive disaster disability
compensation money. For details, inquire at your local municipality.

Criteria for the Damage Certificate
The damage certificate is widely usedas material to determine eligibility forvarious disaster victim support measures.
It is classified according to the degree ofdamage to the dwelling (owned housing,rented housing) as shown in the table. For
details, inquire at your local municipality
office.

Degreeof damageTotal
destruction
Significant
partialdestruction
Partialdestruction

Amount ofcompensation

Percentage
destroyed
50% or more
40% to under 50%
Recipient
20% to under 40%

When the household’s main provider became severely disabled:
Amount determined by municipality ordinance (2.5 million yen)
When other members of the family became severely disabled
Amount determined by municipality ordinance (1.25 million yen)Those who are blind in both eyes.
Those who have lost the functions of mastication and speech.
Those who are left with serious impairment in the functions of the nervous
system or in the psyche and require continuous nursing care.
Those who are left with serious impairment in the functions of the thorax
and abdominal organs and require continuous nursing care.
Those who have lost both upper limbs above the elbow joint.
Those who have completely lost the functions of both upper limbs.
Those who have lost both lower limbs above the knee joint.
Those who have completely lost the functions of both lower limbs.
For those with multiple physical or mental impairments,

Disaster Sympathy Money
The families of those who lost their lives or are missing due to the disaster can receive
sympathy money. For details, inquire at your local municipality.

AmountDeath of the household’s main provider:
Amount determined by municipality ordinance (5 million yen)
Death of another family member:
Amount determined by municipality ordinance (2.5 million yen)
Family of the deceased(1. Spouse 2. Child 3. Parent 4. Grandchild 5. Grandparent)

Support fund for disaster victims to rebuild their lives
A support fund will be provided to households that suffered significant damage totheir livelihoods through the disaster, such as total destruction of their residences. For
details, inquire at your municipality

Payment
Support provided according to how
the dwelling will be reconstructed(additional fund)5

Total destruction, etc.: 1 million yen
Significant partial destruction: 500,000 yen
Construction or purchase: 2 million yen
Repair: 1 million yen
Rental (excluding public housing): 500,000 yen

Recipient
When there are none of the above family members, a sibling of thedeceased (Lived with the deceased at the time of death, or lived under thesame household budget)

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150629_5-en.indd 254-255*If a dwelling is built or purchased (or repaired) after renting a dwelling, the combined total
amount of support will be 2 million (or 1 million) yen.
*For single households, the payment will be 3/4 of the amount indicated above.

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2015-08-31 오후 3:45:57

Disaster Relief Fund

Income tax casualty loss deduction

Those who have suffered injury or damage to their residence or property are eligible toborrow funds for disaster relief. However, income limits apply. For details, inquire atyour local municipality.

When a disaster results in damages to your property such as housing, household
possessions, and clothing, which are needed for daily life, you can deduct a certain
amount from income when filing your tax returns. The amount deductible can bechosen from either (1) casualty loss deduction based on the Income Tax Act, or (2)income tax exemption/reduction measures based on the Disaster Exemption Act,
whichever is better. For details, inquire at your local tax office.

This injury alone 1.5 million yen

Head of household has injuries
lasting at least 1 month.

Damage to at least 1/3 of household possessions 2.5 million yen

Income tax disaster exemption
Partial destruction of dwelling 2.7 million yen
Total destruction of dwelling 3.5 million yen
Damage to at least 1/3 of household possessions 1.5 million yen

When your income in the year of the disaster does not exceed 10 million yen, anddamages to your home or household possessions were 50% or more of the current
value, you can receive income tax exemption/reduction. However, this only applies tothose who are not filing for income tax casualty loss deductions. For details, inquire atyour local tax office.

Partial destruction of dwelling 1.7 million yen
Head of household does not have
injuries lasting at least 1 month

Total destruction of dwelling (excluding dwellings thatwere completely lost or swept away) 2.5 million yen
Dwelling was completely lost or swept away
3.5 million yen

Loan interest rate
Period of deferment
Period of repayment

Annual rate of 3% (no interest during the period of deferment)
Within 3 years (5 years in special cases)
Within 10 years (includes the period of deferment)

Other reduction/exemption from taxes, etc.
You may be eligible for tax or insurance reduction/exemption or deductions according
to the scale of the disaster and the degree of damage. Inquire at the relevant divisions
noted below.
Tax OfficeInheritance tax, gift tax,

Nearby municipal officeInhabitant tax, fixed asset tax (for those residing in the
23 wards, inquire at the metropolitan tax office), etc.

5

National health insurance / long-term care insurance

256150629_5-en.indd 256-257

Metropolitan Tax OfficeBusiness tax on individuals

Japan Pension Service

National pension

Relevant utility service orofficeElectricity, gas, water supply and sewerage, telephonebills, NHK receiving fee, etc.

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Disaster reconstruction housing loan

Emergency temporary housing

Those who own or reside in dwellings that were damaged by the disaster can receivea disaster reconstruction housing loan to rebuild their homes. Residences eligible
for this loan are, in principle, those with a floor space from 13sqm to 175sqm. These
residences must also meet the criteria set by the Japan Housing Finance Agency. For
details, inquire at the Japan Housing Finance Agency, which is providing the loan..

Emergency temporary housing is for people who have lost a place to live because
their home was total destroyed (collapsing, burning, swept away) in a disaster, andwho do not have the financial means to secure housing on their own. If enoughemergency temporary housing cannot be built in time, it would also be possible to live
in rented private housing deemed to be temporary housing. According to the situation,
the Tokyo Metropolitan Government plans to promptly and appropriately provide
disaster survivors with emergency temporary housing by using public housing such as
metropolitan housing, renting private housing, and constructing temporary housing.

Implementing
organization

Japan Housing Finance Agency

Eligibleborrowers

People who have received a Damage Certificate for partial destruction or more,
and own, rent, or live in a dwelling with floor space from 13sqm to 175 sqm.

Use of funds

Construction, purchase, or repair of own home

Loan limit

Construction funds: Basic loan 16.5 million yen / special addition 5.1 million yen
Land acquisition funds: 9.7 million yen
Ground leveling funds: 4.4 million yen

Interest rate

Basic loan: 0.91% / special addition: 1.81%

Loan period

Within 35 years

Earthquake insurance
In Japan, you never know when you might suffer damages to your home andhousehold possessions due to an earthquake, tsunami, or other catastrophe.
These damages can be covered by earthquake insurance or mutual aid (this isdifferent from fire insurance). Earthquake insurance is insurance dedicated toearthquake disasters, which provides compensation for damages to property by
fire, destruction, immersion or being swept away, caused by an earthquake orvolcanic eruption or a subsequent tsunami. Damages from liquefaction caused
by earthquakes are also covered.

5(as of February 2014)

Receiving earthquake insurance
Insurance will be paid according to the degree of damage to the building orhousehold possessions. Even if you do not have the insurance papers with you
due to fire or tsunami, as long as you can prove who you are, you can take theprocedures to receive insurance.

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Support for Daily Life

Resuming work

Disaster Reconstruction Loan

Those who have lost work can look for a job at Hello Work (national government’s
employment service center) or receive support such as vocational training.

This is a disaster reconstruction loan to support small and medium-sized companies
that were affected by the disaster in rebuilding their business. The repayment period
is longer than regular loans, and it also has benefits such as a long grace period. For
details, inquire at the Japan Finance Corporation.

Public vocational
training

Eligibility

Those receiving unemployment benefits

Contents

Can receive training for free to acquire skills andknowledge necessary for employment(trainee must bear the text fees, etc.)

Eligibility

Those who cannot receive unemployment benefits
because they were self-employed, were not participatingin the employment insurance program, etc.

Contents

Can receive training for free to acquire skills andknowledge necessary for employment (trainee mustbear the text fees, etc.)

Eligibility

Those who cannot receive unemployment benefits
and who are instructed by Hello Work to receive
training, and fulfill certain conditions.

Job seeker support
training

Eligibility
Use of funds
Maximum loan
Standard interest rate
Repayment period

Vocational
training
allowance

Security/guarantor

Small and medium-sized business operators who suffereddamages due to a designated disaster
Equipment funds or long-term operating funds to rebuild thebusiness after the disaster
Direct loan: 150 million yen
Loan by agent: additional 75 million yen within the limits ofthe direct loan
1.4 - 2.0% (as of April 2015)
Equipment funds: within 10 years(of which there is a period of deferment of up to 2 years)
Operating funds: within 10 years(of which there is a period of deferment of up to 2 years)
Whether there is the need to provide security and the type of
security, etc. is decided after discussion

Returning to school
Those with drastic changes in household finances or whose school has been damaged
due to the disaster can receive emergency scholarships to help cover matters such as
school tuition and fees for transferring schools.
Emergency
scholarship by
the Japan Student
Services Organization

Eligibility

Inquiries

Education loan as theGovernment’s disasterspecial measures

Eligibility

Inquiries

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Households residing in areas falling under
the Disaster Relief Act, which have had
a drastic change in the financial situation
within the past 12 months
Current school
Special measure for disasters may apply tothose who have a damage certificate, etc.
There are also special measures such as
partial easing of income restrictions andextension of repayment period.
Japan Finance Corporation

Loan systems for SMEs and agricultural, forestry, and fisheriesbusinesses
The Shoko Chukin Bank provides loans for equipment funds or operating funds tosmall and medium-size companies that have suffered damages, and Credit Guarantee
Corporations serve as guarantors for loans from financial institutions. The Japan
Finance Corporation also loans operating funds and management funds to agricultural,
forestry, and fisheries operators who suffered damages. Business funds are also loaned
at low interest rates to agricultural cooperatives and other cooperatives.

Main loansystems

5

Shoko Chukin Bank’s disaster reconstruction funds for SMEs
Credit guarantee corporations around Japan provide credit guarantee
to SMEs
Support by the Japan Finance Corporation for agricultural, forestry,
and fisheries businesses
Natural calamity loan system for agricultural, forestry, and fisheriesbusinesses provided by the local municipality

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Emergency First Aid

Clothing catching fire

Burn degree and treatment
Determining burn depth
DegreeDamaged tissue

External appearance

SymptomFirstdegreeEpidermis

Skin is red

Painful, tender and sore

Skin is red and appears
swollen; blisters may
form

When the upper layer of thedermis is involved (superficial
second degree) there is strong
pain and a burning sensation.
When the lower layer of thedermis is involved (deepsecond degree), pain andsensation of the skin isdiminished.

Skin is dry and leathery,with no elasticity, iswhite and charred insome areas

No pain or sensation of theskin

SeconddegreeDermisThird
degreeSubcutaneous
fat tissue

Treatment of severe burns
Cool the burned area with water over the clothes, and cover the burn with clean thickcloth such as towels, to protect from pressure and friction. See a doctor as soon as
possible.
Treatment of light burns ➡ P. 182

If your clothing catches fire, do not run as this will worsen the fire. Stay where you
are and try to extinguish the fire immediately by dropping to the floor or ground androlling, removing your clothing, beating your body, pouring water over yourself, etc.
If someone else’s clothing has caught fire, extinguish the fire by pouring water orcovering the person with your clothes.

Degree of bleeding and treatment
Arterial bleeding
When the blood is bright red and spurts out in rhythm with the pumpingof the heart, it is arterial bleeding. Call for an ambulance or medical help
immediately since profuse bleeding could result in death. The most effective
first-aid treatment would be to cover the wound with a thick piece of gauze,
etc., and apply direct pressure to the wound to stop the bleeding. When thisis not sufficiently effective, try to stop the bleeding by an indirect method
in which the thumb, etc., is used to apply pressure on the artery between thewound and heart.
Details ➡ P. 179
5Venous bleeding
When blood is dark red and flows out continuously, bleeding is from a vein. A large
amount of blood loss within a short time usually does not occur. Firmly press abandage, etc., on the wound to stop the bleeding.

Exposure to chemical agents

Capillary bleeding

When the skin has come in contact with a chemical agent, wash off with water. Do
not scrub with a brush, etc., as this will irritate the wound. Immediately dispose ofclothing or shoes that have been covered with the chemical. See a doctor as soon as
possible.

When red blood oozes out from a cut on the finger, a knee abrasion after a fall, etc.,
this is bleeding from the capillary veins. Treat by applying a bandage, etc.

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2015-08-31 오후 3:46:00

Triage at the emergency medical station

Types of Infectious Disease

The arrival of patients at emergency medical stations will be a mixture of bothlightly wounded or ill patients and critical patients. In order to achieve the best lifesaving results in a short period of time, the patients will be evaluated and categorizedaccording to the degree of their illness or wounds, and prioritized for treatment ortransfer to a medical facility outside the disaster zone. This is called “triage.”

Infectious diseases range from the annual seasonal influenza to diseases that could
result in death. Under the Infectious Diseases Act, infectious diseases are categorized
into groups from Class 1 to Class 5, and doctors are required to notify the nearest
public health center when a patient is diagnosed with such a disease.

The evaluation criteria for triage are standardized, and medical practitioners willconduct treatment in the order of the triage tag. This is a necessary measure to fully
use limited resources such as medical staff and drugs, in order to save as many lives as
possible.

Categorization

Priority

Color tag

Symptoms

Highest priority
treatment group(serious)

I

Red

Immediate treatment needed to save life.
Are choking, have extensive bleeding, orare in shock.

Elective
treatment group(moderate)

Wait group(minor)

Not breathing
group(deceased)

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II

III

IV

Yellow

Green

Black

Class I
infectious disease

Class II
infectious disease

Poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, diphtheria, severe acuterespiratory syndrome (limited to those resulting fromthe SARS coronavirus as a beta coronavirus), Middle
East respiratory syndrome (limited to those resulting
from the MERS coronavirus as a beta coronavirus), andavian influenza (H5N1 and H7N9)Class III
infectious disease

Cholera, bacillary dysentery, enterohemorrhagic E. coli
infection, typhoid, and paratyphoid

Class IV
infectious disease

E hepatitis, West Nile Virus, A hepatitis, echinococcosis,
yellow fever, psittacosis, Omsk hemorrhagic fever,relapsing fever, Kyasanuru forest disease, Q fever,rabies, coccidioidomycosis, monkey pox, severe feverwith thrombocytopenia syndrome (limited to thoseresulting from the phlebovirus genus SFTS virus),
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, western equine
encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis, and others

Slight delay in treatment will not be life
threatening.
Basically have stable breathing andpulse.

Minor injuries or illness other than theabove, which hardly need treatment by aspecialist.
No breathing even when the airway
has been secured. Already deceased.
Or clearly instant death with nopossibility of resuscitation even if CPR
is conducted.

Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic
fever, smallpox, South American hemorrhagic fever,plague, Marburg disease, and Lassa fever

Class V
infectious disease5

Amoebic dysentery, viral hepatitis (except for
hepatitis E and hepatitis A), carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceae bacterial infection, acuteencephalitis (except for West Nile encephalitis, westernequine encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis, easternequine encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, Venezuelan
equine encephalitis, and Rift Valley fever), and others

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Disaster Volunteers
Tokyo Fire Department (TFD) disaster volunteers

Disaster Volunteers
Disasters volunteers are supporters who willingly take on restoration and recovery
activities in the event of a disaster such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and wind andflooding from typhoons. You may have a strong image of volunteers conducting
activities such as removing rubble and garbage at the stricken site, helping out atevacuation centers, and transporting and distributing relief. But their activities covera broader range, including providing mental care to the disaster survivors, holding
consultations and study meetings on rebuilding life, and providing information overthe Internet.
Fundamentals of volunteer activities

The TFD disaster volunteers are specialized volunteers who are registered in advancewith the TFD to provide support in the event of a large-scale accident or natural
disaster such as an earthquake with a seismic intensity of 6-lower or more in a district
under the jurisdiction of the TFD. These volunteers assemble at their own initiative at
the fire station where they are registered or at a nearby fire station, and provide support
for firefighting activities.

Activities of the TFD disaster volunteers
These volunteers support firefighting activities, provide logistics support, etc.,
for instance, supporting the firefighting activities of the department’s firefighters,
supporting rescue activities, providing first aid, and collecting information on thedamage situation. In normal times, their main activities are participating in drills andevents in preparation for a disaster. As community disaster response leaders, theymight also coach residents on fire and disaster prevention.

Disaster survivors can request various kinds of support from volunteers working in thedisaster-stricken area, such as removing rubble. However, volunteers are volunteers.
It is up to the volunteers to decide whether or not to take up this request. It should beunderstood that they will not always respond to requests when, for instance, it could
be dangerous or if there are not enough volunteers.

How to register as a TFD disaster volunteer

Disaster Volunteer CenterIn principle, a person at least 15 years old (excluding middle school students) who
resides, works, or commutes to school in an area under the jurisdiction of the TFD,
and who fulfills one of the following conditions can register.

The Disaster Volunteer Center is a hub of volunteer activities to be installed in the eventof a disaster. In general, organizations, such as the social welfare council of the affected
area, are responsible for the operation of the Disaster Volunteer Center in cooperation
with administrative officials and volunteers for smooth volunteer activities.

Main activities

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Collecting and comprehending the needs of the disaster site
Preparing to receive and take in people wishing to volunteer
Adjusting the number of volunteers according to needs, andarranging their activities
Preparing and loaning out needed tools
Feeding back and reporting on the results of activities and mattersthat were noted during activities
Discussion on points to be improved5
Has knowledge on first aid, such as having completed a lifesaving course.
Has at least one-year experience as a volunteer fire corps member or a junior fire corps
memberHas qualifications or skills needed to support restoration activities after an earthquake, etc.
(qualified fire defense equipment officer, hazardous materials engineer)
http:www.tfd.metro.tokyo.jp/hp-bousaika/sien/*Former TFD employees can register regardless of where they live

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2015-08-31 오후 3:46:01

Emergency Contact Numbers

Inquiries Related to Disaster
Preparedness

Telephone Numbers

Type

Office in charge

Telephone

Disaster
preparedness(general inquiries)

Tokyo Metropolitan Government,
Bureau of General Affairs,
Disaster Prevention Division,
Management Section

03-5388-2453

River-related floods

Tokyo Metropolitan Government,
Bureau of Construction, River Division,
Disaster Prevention Section

03-5320-5431

Police (to report a crime or accident)

110

Fire Department (to report a fire or request an ambulance)

119

Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Hours: 8:30 a.m. – 6:15 p.m. Weekdays

03-5321-1111

Community
earthquake risk

Tokyo Metropolitan Government,
Bureau of Urban Development,
Urban Development Projects Division,
Disaster Management Section

03-5320-5003

Tokyo Metropolitan Health & Medical Information Center“Himawari” (assistance in a foreign language)
Hours: 9:00 a.m. – 8:00 p.m.

03-5272-0303
03-5285-8181(Guidancein foreign languages)

Subsidies for seismic
evaluation of buildings,
seismic retrofitting andreinforcement

Tokyo Metropolitan Government,
Bureau of Urban Development,
Urban Buildings Division,
Building Planning Section

03-5388-3362

Subsidies forseismic evaluation of
condominium buildings,
seismic retrofitting andreinforcement

Tokyo Metropolitan Government,
Bureau of Urban Development,
Housing Policy Promotion Division,
Condominium Policy Section

03-5320-4944

Bureau of Waterworks Customer Service
Center for the 23 special wards

03-5326-1101

Bureau of Waterworks Customer Service
Center for the Tama area

0570-091-101

Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department,
Disaster Division

03-3581-4321

Multilanguage Resources
Water supply
Tokyo International Communication
Committee(Living Information website)

http://www.tokyo-icc.jp/

Tokyo Fire Department

http://www.tfd.metro.tokyo.jp/

NHK WORLD (Radio programs in English
and 16 other languages)

Policehttp://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/
english/radio/program/

Tokyo Fire Department

03-3212-2111

Inagi City Fire Department042-377-7119

Oshima Town Fire Department

04992-2-0119

Miyake Village Fire Department

04994-6-0119

Hachijo Town Fire Department

04996-2-0119

First aid,
volunteering, relief
and aid

Japanese Red Cross Society
Tokyo Branch Relief Section

03-5273-6744

Volunteering

Tokyo Volunteer and Citizens Activity
Center03-3235-1171

Fire department

5

Residents of Musashino City, Akishima City, Hamura City, Hinohara Village, and the islands
should contact the municipality where you live with questions in regard to water supply.
Please direct inquiries related to electric, gas, or telephone service to your service provider.
Please understand that assistance in a foreign language may not be available.

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Directory of Sources for Disaster
Management Information
Disaster Preparedness Websites
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Disaster Prevention Website

http://www.bousai.metro.tokyo.jp/

NHK ONLINE(information on disasters nationwide)

http://www5.nhk.or.jp/saigai/index_fd.html

Tokyo Fire Department

http://www.tfd.metro.tokyo.jp/

NHK ONLINE(Weather and disaster nformation)

http://www3.nhk.or.jp/weather/

Office of the Prime Minister ofJapan and His Cabinet(disaster management information)

http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/headline/bousai/

http://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/english/radio/
program/

Office of the Prime Minister ofJapan and His Cabinet(infectious diseases information)

http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/headline/kansensho/

NHK WORLD(radio programs in English and 16
languages)

Cabinet Office(disaster management information)

http://www.bousai.go.jp/

Cabinet Secretariat Civil Protection
Portal Site (armed attacks andterrorism information)

http://www.kokuminhogo.go.jp/

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism (disaster anddisaster prevention information)

http://www.mlit.go.jp/saigai/

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism(river flooding information)

Disaster Preparedness Twitter Accounts
Tokyo Metropolitan Disaster
Prevention@tokyo_bousai (Twitter Alert available)

Tokyo Fire Department@Tokyo_Fire_D (Twitter Alert available)

Office of the Prime Minister of Japanand His Cabinet(disaster and crisis
management information)@Kantei_Saigai

http://www.river.go.jp/

Cabinet Office Disaster Prevention@CAO_BOUSAIFire and Disaster Management
Agency@MLIT_JAPANhttp://www.fdma.go.jp/

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism

Japan Meteorological Agency

http://www.jma.go.jp/

Fire and Disaster Management
Agency@FDMA_JAPANMinistry of Health, Labour andWelfare(infectious diseases information)

http://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/
kenkou_iryou/kenkou/kekkaku-kansenshou/

Japan Meteorological Agency@JMA_kishou@MPD_bousaiTokyo Metropolitan Police
Department (traffic restrictions
following a major earthquake)

Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department,
Security Bureau, Disaster Division

http://www.keishicho.metro.tokyo.jp/kotu/shinsai_
kisei/top.htm

NHK News@nhk_news

Japanese Red Cross Society@JRCS_PR

Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO)@OfficialTEPCOJapanese Red Cross Society

http://www.jrc.or.jp/

Zenshakyo volunteer website(volunteer information)

http://www.saigaivc.com/

NHK Public Welfare Organization
Volunteer Network

http://npwo.or.jp/nhkvnet/

Tokyo Electric Power Company(TEPCO) information on power
outages, etc.

http://www.tepco.co.jp/life/custom/q_and_a/komatta/

Tokyo Gas (how to safely resetting
your gas meter)

http://home.tokyo-gas.co.jp/userguide/anzen/meter/reset/

The General Insurance Associationof Japan

http://www.sonpo.or.jp/

5Earthquake Early Warning Alerts for Your Mobile Phone
NTT DoCoMo

https://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/service/safety/areamail/au

http://www.au.kddi.com/mobile/anti-disaster/kinkyu-sokuho/

SoftBank

http://www.softbank.jp/mobile/service/urgent_news/about/eew/

Y!mobile

http://www.ymobile.jp/service/urgent_mail/Please note that information may only be provided in Japanese on some of these sites
and Twitter accounts.

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Safety Confirmation Services

Tokyo Fire Department Life Safety Learning Centers

NTT East

http://www.ntt-east.co.jp/saigai/web171/

NTT DoCoMo

http://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/info/disaster/au

http://www.au.kddi.com/mobile/anti-disaster/saigai-dengon/

SoftBank

http://www.softbank.jp/mobile/service/dengon/

Y!mobile

http://ymobile.jp/service/dengon/

J-anpi

http://anpi.jp/
Honjo
Life Safety
Learning
CenterTransportation Information
East Japan Railway Company(operations information)
Tokyo Metro(operations information)
Toei Subway(operations information)
Japan Road Traffic Information
CenterHaneda Airport(flight information)
Narita Airport (flight information)

IkebukuroLife Safety
Learning
Centerhttp://traininfo.jreast.co.jp/train_info/

Address: 2-37-8 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo
Telephone: 03-3590-6565
Access:5 minute walk from Ikebukuro Station served by JR and otherrailways. Use the South, West or Metropolitan Exit.
Hours:
9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.
Closed:Tuesdays and every third Wednesday (If either day is a national
holiday, the center will be closed the following day.), end of
the year/new year’s holiday
Admission: Free
Address: 4-6-6 Yokokawa, Sumida-ku, Tokyo
Telephone: 03-3621-0119
Access:10 minute walk from JR Sobu Line Kinshicho Station North
Exit or Tokyo Metro Hanzomon Line Kinshicho Station Exit
No. 4, 10 minute walk from Keisei Oshiage Line Oshiage
Station (also served by other railways) Exit B1.
Hours:
9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.
Closed:Wednesdays and every third Thursday (If either day is anational holiday, the center will be closed the following day.),end of the year/new year’s holiday
Admission: Free

http://www.tokyometro.jp/unkou/
http://www.kotsu.metro.tokyo.jp/subway/schedule/
http://www.jartic.or.jp/
http://jatns.tokyo-airport-bldg.co.jp/flight/
http://www.narita-airport.jp/jp/flight/

TachikawaLife Safety
Learning
CenterAddress: 1156-1 Izumi-cho, Tachikawa-shi, Tokyo
Telephone: 042-521-1119
Access:Bus from JR Tachikawa Station North Exit (board at stop no. 1).
Short walk from the Tachikawa Shobosho (Fire Department)
bus stop. 15 minute walk from Takamatsu Station TamaMonorail.
Hours:
9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.
Closed:Thursdays and every third Friday (If either day is a national
holiday, the center will be closed the following day.), end of
the year/new year’s holiday
Admission: Free

Transportation Information Twitter Accounts
Tokyo Metropolitan
Government,
Bureau ofTransportation(Toei Subway, Toden
Arakawa Line, NipporiToneri Liner)@toeikotsu

East Japan Railway
Company@JREast_official

Odakyu LineOperations Status@odakyuline_info

Kyokyu Line
operation
information@keikyu_official

Seibu Railway
operation
information@seiburailway

Tokyu Line’s
service
information@tokyu_official

Rinkai Line official
announcement@twr_official@yurikamome_info

Keio Railway
Operations
Information@keiodentetsu

Yurikamome’s
official
announcement

Keisei Railway
Operations Information@keiseirailway

Tama Monorail
information

27 2150629_5-en.indd 272-273

Please note that information may only be provided in Japanese on some ofthese sites and Twitter accounts.

5@tamamono_info273

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Pictograms

Evacuation Center

JIS Z8210

Support Stations

People whose homes were destroyed or have collapsed
due to an earthquake or other disaster and have no place
to go are accepted here for a period of time. In addition,these facilities provide disaster-related information anddistribute goods to people affected by the disaster.

Facilities (convenience stores, fast food shops, casualrestaurants, gas stations, and other establishments)that will support people who have become stranded
following a disaster and are attempting to return homeon foot. Support stations will provide road information,
drinking water, toilet facilities, a place to rest, and otherassistance.

Evacuation Area
Open areas such as large parks that have the amount of
space needed to protect the lives of evacuees from the
spread of fire caused by a major earthquake and otherdangers.

Tsunami Evacuation Area

JIS Z8210

This sign indicates a safe location or elevated groundwhere people can evacuate to when a tsunami occurs.
Temporary Evacuation Area

JIS Z8210

Places where evacuees gather temporarily to grasp the situation prior to moving to theevacuation area. These are school yards, neighborhood parks, and other places withenough space to secure the safety of the people gathered there.

5

Tsunami Evacuation BuildingThis sign indicates a reinforced concrete building thathas at least three floors where people can evacuate toif there is no elevated ground nearby when a tsunami
occurs.

Temporary Shelter
A facility where people who are unable to return home following a disaster can temporarily
stay. There are 200 metropolitan-owned facilities designated to serve as temporary shelters.

27 4150629_5-en.indd 274-275

JIS Z8210

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2015-08-31 오후 3:46:03

Symbols for People Who Need
Special Care in an Emergency
Help MarkMark for the Hearing Impaired

A mark used by people with conditions that are notoutwardly apparent, such as a prosthetic limb or joint,internal medical condition, intractable disease, or the earlystages of pregnancy. The mark is displayed to inform thosearound them of their need for special consideration.

This mark indicates that the holder has a hearing impairment, andis used in situations such as when requesting consideration withregard to how to communicate. It is also used at institutions such as
local governments, hospitals, and banks to indicate that assistanceis provided to people with hearing impairments.

Help Card
A card created to help those with disabilities or otherconditions inform the people around them about theirdisability or condition when an emergency or disaster occurs.
Information such as emergency contact numbers and details
on the type of support they require is printed on the card.

International Symbol of AccessThis symbol is the universal symbol that indicates a building,form of public transportation, etc., is accessible to people
with disabilities. This symbol is not for wheelchair users
only, but for all people with disabilities.

International Symbol of Access for Individuals
Who Are Blind
Designated as the universal symbol by the World Blind
Federation in 1984, this symbol is displayed on buildings,
facilities, equipment, and other objects developed withspecial consideration for the safety and accessibility of thevisually impaired. The symbol is used on crosswalk signals,
voice guidance devices, international mail containing
materials in braille, books, printed materials, etc.

27 6150629_5-en.indd 276-277

Mark for Expectant Mothers
A mark displayed by expectant mothers to indicate thecondition, especially in the early stages of pregnancy when it
is not yet outwardly apparent.
Mark for Assistance Dogs
This mark is posted at the entrance to businesses that accept
certified assistance dogs (guide dogs, service dogs, andhearing dogs) in accordance with the Act on Assistance Dogs
for Physically Disabled Persons. Under the act, facilities
used by a large number of people such as departments storesand restaurants are required to accept assistance dogs.
5

Ostomate MarkThis symbol, representing an ostomate (someone who has an
ostomy or an artificial bladder), is displayed to indicate that afacility has toilet facilities for ostomates, etc.

Heart Plus MarkThis mark is used to represent people with internal
conditions that are not readily apparent to others suchas those associated with the heart, respiratory functions,kidneys, bladder, rectum, small intestine, liver, and immune
system.
277

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:04

Combined Risk in Light ofEmergency Response Difficulty**The map below was recreated based on data from the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau of Urban
Development using Color Urban Design.

The Seventh Community Earthquake
Risk Assessment Study55 (1 - 84)
4 (85 - 36)
3 (369 - 1,181)
2 (1182 - 2815)
1 (2816 - 5133)(Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau of Urban Development, 2013)

Combined risk ratings were determined by aggregating a community’s building
collapse risk ranking and fire risk ranking, and then ranking this sum. Communities
with high combined risk need to develop measures tailored to the characteristics ofeach area. The “combined risk in light of emergency response difficulty” rating takes
into account the difficulty of emergency response such as evacuation and fire/rescue

27 8150629_5-en.indd 278-279

activities in addition to overall combined risk. This data assesses the status of thedevelopment of roads that will serve important roles when a disaster strikes such ascommunity roads and city-planned roads. The combined risk in light of emergency
response difficulty is made available by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government on thefollowing website:
http:www.toshiseibi.metro.tokyo.jp/bosai/chousa_6/home.htm
279

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:06

Traffic Restrictions Followinga Major Earthquake** The map below was recreated based on data from the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department using Color
Universal Design.
Regular roads to be designated as Routes for Authorized Emergency Vehicles
Expressways to be designated as Routes for Authorized Emergency Vehicles
Key road routes to be designated, if necessary, as Emergency Access Roads

5

Directly following a major earthquake, traffic restrictions (stage 1 restrictions) will be implemented inorder to prevent danger on roads, as well as to ensure the smooth passage of emergency vehicles engagedin activities such as rescue and firefighting, based on the Road Traffic Act (Act No. 105 of 1960).
Disaster response routes for emergency vehicles are then secured (stage 2 restrictions) to ensure thatemergency response can be carried out accurately and smoothly based on the Disaster Countermeasures
Basic Act (Act No. 223 of 1961).

280

150629_5-en.indd 280-281

Furthermore, even when an earthquake strikes that does not qualify as a massive earthquake (anearthquake measuring a 6 lower and higher on the Japanese seismic intensity scale), traffic restrictions
may be put into place based on the Road Traffic Act when an earthquake measuring a 5 upper occurs.
Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department
http://www.keishicho.metro.tokyo.jp/foreign/earthquake/english_270309.pdf

281

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:13

A Day in Tokyo

Births301(2013)

Deaths303(2013)

Average life span

Men: 79.82(2010)

Women: 86.39(2010)

Successful employment

411(FY2013)

Move out

975(2014)

Move in

1,176(2014)

with 2 or more members

2,639 yen

Gross regional product251.8 billion yen

Divorces24168(2013)

282

150629_5-en.indd 282-283(2013)

Number of traffic accident fatalities

0.5(2013)

Number of ambulance transports

2,052(2013)

Number of fire outbreaks

14.2(2013)

Number of fire trucks dispatched

96(2013)

Number of emergency calls to the police

3,913(2013)

Number of recorded crimes

445(2013)

Number of crimes cleared123(2013)

resources) per resident

950 g(FY2012)JR line passengers

9,089 million(FY2013)Lighting consumption per resident

6.1 kW(FY2013)(FY2012)

313,000

5(2013)(2013)

Number of books lent out by
public libraries

115

Trash disposal (includes recyclable

Food expenditure per household

Marriages

Number of traffic accidents(FY2013)

Figures are simple averages derived by dividing the figure for that year or fiscal yearby the number of days in that year.
Lighting consumption is the amount of power consumed by households and storesfor lighting and home appliances
Number of newly employed people indicates the number of people confirmed tohave found a job through Hello Work.
Figures per resident are simple averages derived by dividing the total figure by thatyear’s population(“Life and Statistics 2015,” Bureau of General Affairs, Tokyo Metropolitan Government)283

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:14

Tokyo s Ranking in Japan
Item
Land/Climate

Tokyo
Japan
Area
2,189㎢
377,962 km2
Home
45.8%
61.7%
ownership rate
Total area per
Housingdwelling in an
exclusively
63.54 m2
92.97 m2
residential
dwelling
Total
population
13.3 million 127.298 million(estimate)
Foreign
407 thousand 2,066 thousand
residents
People moving
432 thousand 2,405 thousandin
People moving
Population and
356 thousand 2,405 thousandouthouseholdTotal fertility
1.13
1.43
rate
Private6.38 million
51.84 million
households
Averagenumber
2.03 people
2.42 peopleof privatehouseholds
Ratio of job
openings to job
1.57
1.09
seekers

Labor

HouseholdbudgetAveragemonthlysalary before
deductions perperson463,833 yen

357,972 yen

Averagemonthly
150.1 hours
149.3 hours
working hours
per person
Unemployment
3.8%
3.6%
rate
Monthly earned
549.8 thousand 486.6 thousand
income peryenyenhousehold284

150629_5-en.indd 284-285

Rank
45th

As of
Oct. 1, 2013

47th

Oct. 1, 2013

47th

Oct. 1, 2013

1st

Oct. 1, 2013

1st

Dec. 31, 2013

1st

2014

1st

2014

47th

2014

1st

Oct. 1, 201047th

Oct. 1, 2010

---

---

---

Item

Rank

As of

Householdexpenditure

Tokyo
Japan
Monthly living
expenditure per 363.7 thousand 318.7 thousandhousehold
Number of
646
8,540
hospitals
Health care andenvironment
Total area of
79,889 ha
5,431,321 hanatural parks
Regionaldifference index
Prices105.9
100of consumer
pricesNominalRegional
472.6 trillion
gross regional 91.9 trillion yen
economyyen
product
Number ofprivate business 627 thousand 5,454 thousand
establishments
NumberBusinessesof people
employed
8.655 million 55.837 million
by private
businesses
Agriculture,
Agriculturalforestry and27.1 billion yen 8.6 trillion yen
outputfisheries---

2013 average

1stOct. 1, 2013

27th

March 31, 2014---2013 average---

FY 2012

1stFeb. 1, 2012

1stFeb. 1, 2012

47st

2012

Industry

Manufactured
product
shipments

7.9 trillion yen

292.1 trillion
yen

13st

2013

Commercial
and service
industries

Yearlycommodity sale

182.2 trillion
yen

548.2 trillion
yen

1st

2007

----

FY 2014

4st

2013

1st

2013

1st

2013

20th

2013

2014 average

2013 average

2014 average---

2013 average---

2013 average

Finances

Police andfirefighting

General account
6.7 trillion yen 95.9 trillion yen
budgetNumber of
42 thousand
629 thousand
traffic accidents
Number of
163 thousand 1,314 thousand
recorded crimes
Number of fire
5,213
48,095outbreaks
Number of fire
outbreaks per
3.97
3.75
10,000 residents

5(“Life and Statistics 2015,” Bureau of General Affairs, Tokyo Metropolitan Government)285

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:15

Let's get prepared !
外国人向け今やろうPrepare an emergency bag.

DO
NOW
LET'S GET PREPARED MARKThis manual contains valuable
information on various types ofdisasters and how to protect
yourself and your family
when one strikes. The 10
most important steps to take
immediately are outlined below.
Make sure to refer to this list as
you get prepared!

Prepare an emergency bag that contains the minimum essentials needed
for the time being after you evacuate.

Have important items ready to carry with you.
Keep passports, certificates, records, and other important documents in aplastic case with a fastener.

Hold a family meeting.
Divide responsibilities between family members inadvance, such as who will be in charge of preventing afire and who will secure an exit path.

Check the layout of furniture in your home.
Ensure that furniture is arranged so that it will not topple over or slide
across the floor, resulting in injury or blocking your escape path.

Confirm the nearest evacuation areaand evacuation center.

Stabilize furnishings in your home.

Review the locations of the evacuation areas andevacuation centers nearest to your home.

Stabilize the furniture and household appliances in all rooms of your home
to prevent them from falling over or sliding across the floor.

5

Register to receive alerts and useful
information.

Check the seismic resistance of your home.

Register to receive Twitter Alerts and other useful
information on disaster preparedness.

Use the do-it-yourself seismic resistance checklist in this manual(p. 107) to check the seismic resistance of your home.

Make stockpiling items a part of yourdaily life

Participate in disaster prevention drills.

Ensure that you have ample stockpiles of water,
food, and emergency supplies by buying a little morethan you need and continuously replenishing items
throughout the course of daily life.

286

150629_5-en.indd 286-287

Enhance your awareness and disaster preparedness skills by participatingin local disaster drills.

287

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:16

Helpful Phrases
非常時に使える英会話

WHEN A DISASTER STRIKES
災害発生時の行動

Q

Q
Where is the evacuation center?
避難所はどこですか？
(Hinanjo wa doko desuka?)

I ll show you the way. Let s go together.
案内します。一緒に行きましょう。
(Annai shimasu. Issho ni ikimasho.)

The ABC Park/ABC Elementary School/ABC area justover there is serving as an evacuation center.
そこの近くにあるOO公園（OO小学校・OO地区）が避難場所になっています。
(Soko no chikaku ni aru XXX koen/XXX shogakko/
XXX chiku ga hinanjyo ni natteimasu.)

Q

AQ

I am looking for my family.
家族を探しています。
(Kazoku wo sagashiteimasu.)
Please go to the evacuation center in the area
where your family lived and ask the staff for
information.
家族が住んでいたところの近くの避難所で、係の人に 聞いてくだ
さい。
（近くの避難所を案内）(Kazoku ga sundeita tokoro no chikaku no hinanjo
de kakari no hito ni kiitekudasai.)288

150629_5-en.indd 288-289

Where is the evacuation center?
避難場所はどこですか？
(Hinanjo wa doko desuka?)A

Where should we go? Where is a safe place to go?
どこに逃げればいいですか？ 安全な場所を教えて下さい。
(Doko ni nigereba iidesuka? Anzen na basho wooshiete kudasai.)

Do you have a map? You should evacuate here.
地図を持っていますか？あなたはそこに避難すべきです。
（地
図を見て案内）(Chizu wo motteimasuka? Anata wa soko ni
hinan subeki desu.)

Q

A

A

5

What is the name of this place?
ここは、どこですか。
(Koko wa doko desu ka?)
You are in XXX. You are near XXX. This is the
XXX elementary school.
ここは、OO（OOの近く）です。
(Koko wa XXX desu. Koko wa XXX no chikaku
desu.)

A
289

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:19

Q

LIFE IN AN EVACUATION CENTER
避難生活

Q

Q

Route XX going from XX to XX is closed
between XX and XX.
ＸＸからＸＸに向かうＸＸＸ号線は、ＸＸ〜ＸＸの間は通れません。
(XX kara XX ni mukau XXX go-sen wa, XX˜XX
no aida tooremasen.)I need information in English.
英語の情報がほしいです。
(Eigo no joho ga hoshii desu.)
Please try the NHK World website.
You will be able to get news in English andother languages.
NHK WORLDのサイトを見て下さい。英語と他の外国語でニュースを提供しています。
(NHK WORLD no site wo mite kudasai. Eigo
to hoka no gaikokugo de nyuusu wo teikyoshiteimasu.)

Q
A

Q

Information on transportation services(trains, buses, ships/ferries, flights) will be
updated on TV and the radio.
電車（バス・船・飛行機）の情報は、テレビとラジオで お知らせしています。
(Densha, basu, fune, hikoki) no joho wa,
terebi to rajio de oshiraseshiteimasu.)

A

150629_5-en.indd 290-291

A

Where can I get (food/water/a blanket)?
（食べ物・水・毛布）はどこで手に入りますか？
(Tabemono/mizu/mofu) wa doko de te ni
hairimasuka?
I asked the person in charge. Please wait.
係の人にお願いしたので待っていてください。
(Kakari no hito ni onegasishita node matteitekudasai.)

When will transportation be back in service?
（電車・バス・空港）はいつ復旧しますか。
(Densha, basu, kuuko) wa itsu fukkyuu
shimasuka?

290

When will roads be open again? Which roads
are passable?
道路はいつから通れますか？ どこの道路が通れますか？
(Doro wa itsu tooremasuka? Doko no doro ga
tooremasuka?)A

5

Where can I make an international call?
国際電話はどこでかけられますか？
(Kokusaidenwa wa dokode kakeraremasuka?)
I will check. Please wait a moment.
調べるので待っていてください。
(Shiraberu node matteite kudasai.)A
291

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:20

Start Preparing withYour Family Now

DO
NOW

Confirm your evacuation center

Decide how to contact each other

Name of center
Map showing the route from home and where to meet up

Contact method

Decide the place (the evacuation center, etc.) where your family will meet if themembers are separated due to work, school, shopping, or other reasons when a disasteroccurs. Use the Disaster Prevention Map and other information to select a safe place.
It would be reassuring if you make the meeting place specific, such as near the jungle
gym at a school playground or the bench at a park.
Details ➡ P. 115

Decide in advance how your family will confirm each other’s safety, such as thedisaster emergency message dial, message board, and SNS. Share your contact
information with relatives and friends far away. This could be helpful because evenwhen telephone lines are congested within the area affected by a disaster, calls to andfrom other areas are sometimes easier to get throughDetails ➡ P. 128

Confirm your evacuation route

Decide each family member s role

Evacuation route from home (1)Prepare emergency supplies
of food and other items
Check the emergency bag
Check electricity, gas,
and water

Evacuation route from home (2)Check measures for preventing
furniture from falling over
Other

Walk through the evacuation route in advance. You should do it twice, at daytime andnight, and check whether there are hazardous spots, as well as where you would be
able to rest and use a toilet. It is important to check multiple routes to prepare for acase in which one of them will not be safe due to a fire or other reasons.

Assign roles to each of your family members, such as who will be turning off theflame, who is in charge of the emergency bag, and who takes measures to prevent
furniture from falling over. If everyone fulfills their roles, your family can act calmly
Details ➡ P. 084-112
without going into a panic.

Details ➡ P. 040

292

150629_5-en.indd 292-293

293

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:21

Personal Information

DO
NOW

Name

DO
NOW

Name

Date of birth/Gender
Blood type

Family Information

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Allergy / Health problems
Allergy / Health problems
Medication
Medication
Address〒

Mobile number

Phone number--

Mobile number--

School/Workplace〒

School/Workplace

-

-

〒

Name
Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Allergy / Health problems
Emergency contact〒

Medication
Mobile number
School/Workplace294

150629_5-en.indd 294-295

-

-

〒

295

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:22

Name

Name

Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

Allergy / Health problems

Allergy / Health problems

Medication

Medication-

Mobile number
School/Workplace-〒

School/Workplace

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Blood type
Allergy / Health problems

Medication

Medication

Mobile number

150629_5-en.indd 296-297

AB

Rh

+, ―

-

-

〒

Date of birth / Gender

Allergy / Health problems

296

O

)

Name

Date of birth / Gender

School/Workplace

B

Mobile number

Name

Blood type

A

(age

〒

-

A

Mobile number
School/Workplace

B

O

AB

-

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

-

〒

297

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:24

Memo

Name
Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Allergy / Health problems

Medication-

Mobile number
School/Workplace

-

〒

Name
Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Allergy / Health problems

Medication
Mobile number
School/Workplace

298

150629_5-en.indd 298-299

-

-

〒

299

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:24

300

150629_5-en.indd 300-301

301

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:25

302

150629_5-en.indd 302-303

303

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:25

304

150629_5-en.indd 304-305

305

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:26

Index of Glossary Terms

A
Act concerning the Measures forProtection of the People in Armed
Attack Situations, etc.

A law enacted in 2004 with the aim ofprotecting the lives and properties of thecitizens.
P. 164
Active fault

A fault that has repeatedly caused earthquakes
since the prehistoric age, and is predicted tobe active in the future.
P. 238Advisory

An advisory is issued by the Japan
Meteorological Agency when there is the riskthat heavy rain, strong wind, etc. will cause adisaster.
PP. 145, 246
AED (automated external defibrillator)
A device that gives an electric shock to aperson in cardiopulmonary arrest to restore
the heart's ability to pump blood. Installedat public places such as railway stations andschools.
PP. 53, 177
Aerosol spray type fire extinguisher

A fire extinguisher that sprays a fireextinguishing agent by gas pressure. Can
be used handily at home. Useful for first
response firefighting.
P. 110Alluvium

A weak stratum that is relatively new, formed
about 10,000 to 20,000 years ago or earlier.
It is difficult to construct heavy buildings on
alluvium.
P. 116306

150629_5-en.indd 306-307

Area with steep slopes at risk oflandslides

An area with a 30-degree or steeper slope
where a landslide could cause damage tohousing.
P. 116
Arterial bleeding

A type of bleeding in which bright red blood
spurts out in rhythm with the pumping of theheart.
PP. 178, 263

B
Baiu stationary front
A stationary front that moves from south to northover the Japanese archipelago during the seasonaltransition from spring to mid-summer.
P. 146
Biological agent
Bacteria, viruses, or poisonous substances producedby them, etc. used as weapons.
PP. 165, 167
Building collapse risk
The degree of risk that a building will collapse orlean because of an earthquake.
PP. 118, 278

CCanal
An artificial channel to deliver water for agricultural
and/or urban use.
P. 151
Capillary bleeding
Blood oozing out from capillary veins.
PP. 178, 263
Chemical agent
Sarin or other toxic chemicals that can be used as
weapons in terrorist attacks, etc.

P. 167

P. 254

Chest compression
Also called external cardiac massage, chest
compressions are given with both hands near theheart to a person in cardiopulmonary arrest, in orderto restore blood circulation.
P. 177

Direct pressure method
A method to stop bleeding where pressure isapplied directly to the point of bleeding using yourhand or fingers to stop the flow of blood.
PP. 179, 263

Commissioned welfare volunteer
A part-time local government employee
commissioned by the ministerofhealth,labourandw
elfare , who is tasked with providing consultation
to local residents while placing himself/herself intheir position, extending necessary assistance, andtrying to enhance social welfare.
P. 124
Communications drill
A drill to practice communicating information
about fires, rescue/relief, and earthquake damage
properly to firefighting authorities, via telephone orin person.
P. 133
Cross-bracing
Steel bars installed in an X-shape to reinforce steelframe buildings.
P. 113Cumulonimbus
A massive cloud that develops vertically due topowerful upward air currents and can produce rain
and lightning. With a height of more than 10 km,
these clouds sometimes reach the stratosphere.
PP. 150, 245

D
Daily stockpile
Purchasing and storing extra supplies of food andother items that you use on a daily basis.
PP. 85, 92
Damage certificate
A certificate issued by municipalities on the degreeof damage to dwellings, etc., caused by disasters
such as earthquakes, floods, and wind.

Disaster disability compensationmoney
In accordance with the law, compensation money
will be paid to those who have become severely
disabled due to the disaster (blindness in both eyes,
constant need of nursing care, severance of botharms above the elbow joint, etc.).
P. 255
Disaster Emergency Message Dial
A service provided by Nippon Telegraph andTelephone Corp. (NTT). A disaster survivor can dial
171 and record a message, and those who wish tocontact the person can listen to the message.
PP. 128, 226
Disaster map exercise
A type of disaster drill referred to as DIG(“Disaster” “Imagination” “Game”).
P. 140Disaster Message Board
A service provided by mobile phone carriers toenable people to confirm each other's safety via
text messages. To use the service, visit the portal siteof your mobile phone carrier.
PP. 128, 227
Disaster preparedness education
Teaching people knowledge needed toprotect themselves in natural disasters, such as
preparations and actions to take in a disaster.
PP. 135, 140
Disaster prevention map
In addition to showing areas expected to sustain
damage when a disaster occurs, evacuation areas
and routes, this map also includes disasterprevention agencies and other helpful information.
P. 161307

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:26

Disaster reconstruction loan
A loan to support small and medium-sizedcompanies that were affected by the disaster inrebuilding their business.

Drain cock
A valve for controlling the amount of water supply
or drainage.
P. 191
P. 261

Disaster relief fund
When a disaster occurs and the Disaster Relief Act
is applied, these funds are used by the municipalities
to offer low-interest loans to households that havebeen affected by the disaster, in order to help
rebuild their lives.
P. 256
Disaster response goods andequipment
Equipment and tools used to prevent the spread ofdisaster.
P. 137
Disaster response routes for
emergency vehicles
Major roads designated to serve as the main
arteries for evacuation, rescue and firefighting
activities, and the transport of emergency supplies
when a disaster strikes. These roads will be closed
to non-emergency vehicles.
PP. 33, 280
Disaster sympathy money
In accordance with the law, sympathy money will
be paid to the families of those who lost their lives
in the disaster.
P. 254
Disaster volunteers
Volunteers who support recovery and rebuilding
following a disaster, such as an earthquake, tsunami,
or a wind and flood disaster caused by a typhoon.
P. 266
Disorder of consciousness
A condition where a person becomes unable
to properly respond to the people around him/
her following trauma to the head, etc. Disorders
range from the minor to the severe, including
disorientation/confusion, drowsiness/somnolence,
numbness, and coma.
P. 186308

150629_5-en.indd 308-309

Drill to prevent fire outbreaks
Training to prevent fire outbreaks when a disasterstrikes.
P. 133Dust
Fine powder consisting of dry particles that floats
in the air.
P. 166
Dust goggles
Protective goggles that protect your eyes fromsmoke generated by a fire, volcanic ash, etc.
PP. 161, 163
Dust mask
Protective mask that prevents you from inhaling
smoke generated by a fire, volcanic ash, etc.
PP. 161, 163

E
Earthquake directly hitting Tokyo
An earthquake directly hitting the National Capital
Region that is predicted to occur within the next 30
years with a 70 percent probability.
PP. 15, 52, 68
Earthquake resistanceThe degree to which a building or other structure
can withstand an earthquake.
PP. 107, 118
Earthquake resistance standards
Standards ensuring that a building fulfills theminimum requirements for earthquake-resistantdesign.
PP. 24, 108
Earthquake-resistant shelter
A structure that can protect the bedroom orsleeping area even if the house collapses due to an
earthquake.

P. 113
Earthquake-resistant wall
A wall of a building that can resist horizontal forces
created by an earthquake, wind, etc.
P. 50
Electrical current leak
Electricity leaking out due to causes such as
damaged wires and damaged insulation due to age.
PP. 110, 111
Emergency bag
A bag that contains the essential goods to take withyou when you have to evacuate.
P. 90, 92
Emergency light
A light that automatically turns on in the event of a
blackout.
P. 23
Emergency stockpile
Stocking supplies in preparation for emergencies.
PP. 55, 85, 93
Emergency Stockpile Day
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has
designated November 19 as Emergency Stockpile
Day.
P. 55
Emergency temporary housing
Emergency housing built under the Disaster Relief
Act. Provided to people who have no place to live
because their homes have collapsed, burned down,or become uninhabitable for other reasons.
PP. 69, 259
Emergency vehicle (emergency car)A vehicle used to respond to an emergency, such as
for disaster relief.
PP. 39, 280
Emergency warning
An emergency warning is issued by the Japan
Meteorological Agency when there is a very highrisk of a severe disaster.
PP. 145, 247, 248

Ethanol
A type of alcohol. Volatile. Used for sterilizing anddisinfecting, and also as fuel.
P. 65
Evacuation area
When an earthquake occurs causing a large-scale
fire to spread, this is a place to evacuate to in orderto protect yourself from the flames. Places such aslarge parks, areas rich with greenery, and fireproof
building districts are designated as evacuation
areas.
PP. 40, 120, 274
Evacuation centerA place that temporarily accommodates andprovides shelter to those affected by a disaster,whose homes have collapsed, burned down, etc.
Public facilities such as schools and community
centers are designated as evacuation centers.
PP. 40, 56, 274
Evacuation drill
Training to learn your evacuation route and tosafely evacuate without panicking.
P. 134
Evacuation hatch
A hatch equipped with hanging ladders forevacuation.
P. 48
Evacuation route
A route which one takes when evacuating.
PP. 21, 23, 95, 114, 119, 153, 161
Eyewall
A tall ring of dense cumulonimbus clouds
surrounding the eye of a typhoon. This is where thestrongest wind and rain of the storm occurs.
P. 245F
Facebook
A social networking service that allows users toconnect and interact with their real-world friends
using their real names.
P. 43

309

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:27

Fall stationary front
A stationary front that moves from north to south
over the Japanese archipelago during the seasonaltransition from summer to fall.
P. 146
Fire risk
The degree of the risk of wide-area damage
from the spread of fires breaking out due to an
earthquake.
PP. 118, 278
Fire-safe area
An area where fireproofing has progressed andwhere there is no fear of large-scale spread of fires.
P. 120First response firefighting drill
A drill to learn how to use a home-use fire
extinguisher, standpipe, portable fire pump and otherfirefighting devices and equipment.
P. 132First response firefighting
An emergency measure taken to extinguish a firein its early stages when the flames have not yet
reached the ceiling.
PP. 18, 46, 78, 188
Flood risk area map
A map showing areas that are likely to flood when
there is a torrential downpour that greatly exceeds
the flood control capacity of rivers and seweragesystems.
P. 148
Food poisoning
A condition caused by eating food contaminatedby bacteria or a virus, or food that contains apoisonous or harmful substance.
P. 64

GGround fault circuit interrupterA device that quickly shuts down the power after acurrent leak to prevent a disaster.
P. 11031 0150629_5-en.indd 310-311

GutterDitches built along roads or railway tracks to drainwater.
PP. 147, 148, 151

H

JHousehold stockpile
Stocking food and daily items according to thefamily structure.
P. 88
Housing with a semi-basement
A house with space that is partially below the levelof surrounding roads.
PP. 147, 151

Hands-on training for disaster
response
An event where participants can learn about
disasters while enjoying hands-on training.

I
P. 135

Hazard lights
Lights used to the draw the attention of the drivers
around you, especially of the car behind you.
P. 32
Hazard map
A map that contains information such as areas
predicted to suffer damages, evacuation areas,and evacuation routes, for use in mitigating
damages from a natural disaster and for disaster
preparedness.
P. 119Heat stroke
A condition that occurs when you have engagedin activities such as work and exercise underthe blazing sun. Symptoms such as dehydration,
seizures, and weakness appear, sometimes evenleading to death.
PP. 65, 185, 194
Hello WorkA public employment security office. An
administrative body that the Ministry of Health,Labour and Welfare established with the aim
to secure stable employment opportunities for
citizens.
PP. 70, 260
Hemorrhagic shock
A condition in which blood flow decreases due
to internal or external bleeding, so that sufficient
blood cannot be delivered to tissues and organs
around the body.
P. 185

Income tax casualty loss deduction
An income tax deduction you can receive whenyour home or household possessions have beendamaged due to a natural disaster, fire, etc.
P. 257Jack
A device used to lift something, typically a car thatneeds a tire change.
P. 53
J-anpiA free service that can be used from a computer,smartphone, mobile phone, etc., to check the safetyof an individual by entering his/her phone number
or name. In addition to safety information on thedisaster message boards of mobile phone carriers,
you can also access safety information collected bycompanies and organizations.

L

PP. 129, 272

Indirect pressure method
A method used to temporarily stop the flow ofblood by pressing down on the artery between the
injury and the heart, compressing it against the bone.
PP. 179, 263

Large-scale fire
A fire that can break out over a large area when an
earthquake occurs. Such a fire is expected to resultin many injuries and deaths.
P. 45

Indoor fire hose
A fire hose installed indoors. Has highly effective
water discharge capability and range.
P. 189Lifeguard
A person with a license issued by the Japan
Lifesaving Association, whose job is to prevent
water accidents at places such as beaches where
swimming is permitted.
P. 49

Infiltration inlet
A place where rainwater that has fallen on the
grounds collects.
148
Inundation
Being flooded. A disaster in which a residential
area or farmland is inundated due to rainfall thatexceeds the drainage capacity of gutters or thesewerage system. This is called a flood disaster.
PP. 147, 148
Islands
A region with islands of various sizes. In Tokyo,
there are the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands.
PP. 37, 117, 160

Lifeline
Infrastructure indispensable to daily life, such as
electricity, water, gas and telephone services.
PP. 55, 84
Literacy
Knowledge about a certain field, and the ability touse such knowledge.
P. 172Long-period ground motion
Earthquake-induced slow shaking with a period ofa few seconds or more, which travels far from theearthquake focus.
PP. 97, 240

311

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:28

M
Magnitude
A unit for measuring energy from an earthquake.
P. 239Micon-meter (intelligent gas meter)
A meter that shuts down the gas and displays awarning when a problem occurs with gas flowor pressure, or when an earthquake measuring a 5
upper on the Japanese seismic scale occurs.
P. 111
Mutual help
The concept of people in the same neighborhood
helping each other in the event of a disaster toprotect lives and the community.
P. 52

NNeighborhood disaster responsegroup
A group actively engaged in disaster preparedness
activities designated by the Tokyo Metropolitan
Government.
P. 138No-rinse/non-residue soap
A special type of cleanser that enables you to keep
clean with little to no water.
204

O
Oral rehydration solution
A mixture of salt and glucose dissolved in water,which is mainly used to treat dehydration.
P. 197
Outer band
Outer rainbands that form about 200 to 600 km
from the center of the typhoon, and intermittently
produce strong rain showers, thunderstorms, and attimes, tornadoes.
P. 24531 2150629_5-en.indd 312-313

Overnight disaster drill at school
A drill conducted at school, which simulates
evacuation life after a disaster, through activities
such as preparing for sleep and preparing stockpiledfood.
P. 131P
Pandemic
A nationwide or worldwide outbreak of an
infectious disease.
P. 170Winds that flow from west to east at high altitudes,in the middle latitudes of the northern hemisphere.
P. 244
Propane gas
Liquefied petroleum gas that is supplied from atank installed at homes. City gas, on the other hand,is supplied through gas lines that run under roads.
P. 111
Public health center
A public agency that supports the health of local
residents and sanitation.
PP. 171, 265

R

Passive smoking
Inhaling secondhand smoke from cigarettes.
P. 63
People who need special care
The elderly, the disabled, infants, foreign nationals,
and other people in need of special care.
PP. 58, 66
People who need special support inevacuating
If a disaster occurs or there is the threat of adisaster occurring, these people are in particularneed of support to ensure they can evacuate safely
and promptly, as it would be difficult for them toevacuate on their own.
P. 145
Physical protection drill
A drill to practice protecting yourself when an
earthquake occurs. Activities include experiencing
shaking on an earthquake simulator and training toprotect yourself from falling objects.
P. 133
Portable fire pump
A fire pump equipped with an engine that canbe lifted by hand. Placed at facilities used by fire
authorities, volunteer fire corps, volunteer disaster
response teams, etc.
PP. 132, 191
Prevailing westerlies

Radar and Nowcasts weather map
for tornadoes
A service of the Japan Meteorological Agency
which analyzes 10 km zones, and forecasts theprobability of a tornado developing, up to one hourahead (10 to 60 min ahead).
P. 157
Radio (emergency radio)
A radio (emergency radio) that not only receives
general broadcasts, but can automatically receive
the local government’s disaster radio broadcasts.
P. 42
Rebuilding life
After the foundation of their lives have been
destroyed by a disaster, residents rebuild their daily
lives.
P. 70
Rescue and relief drill
A drill that teaches how to use everyday tools to
rescue people who were unable to escape in time,
due to building collapse, etc.
P. 134
Resonance
A phenomenon where the natural frequency of abuilding and the frequency of earthquake waves
coincide, causing the shaking to intensify greatly.
P. 240S
Safety confirmation services
Services for confirming the safety of your family
and friends in the event of a disaster, such as theDisaster Emergency Message Dial provided by
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp. (NTT) andthe Disaster Message Boards provided by mobile
phone carriers.
P. 272
Sandbag
A cloth bag filled with sand that is used as amaterial for civil engineering applications, which
can also be used to prevent flood damage.
PP. 147, 148
Secondary disasterA disaster caused by the initial disaster, such as afire following an earthquake.
PP. 45, 95
Secondary evacuation center (welfare
evacuation center)An evacuation center that accepts people who
would have difficulty living in a regular evacuation
center, and need special care.
P. 56
Sediment disaster hazard area map
A map showing areas where there is a risk of asediment disaster.
153
Seismic damper
Equipment that absorbs earthquake energy andmitigates damage to the building.
P. 113Self-help
Protecting yourself and your family by yourself,
without help from others.
P. 17
Separation panel313

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:28

A panel that separates an apartment unit’s veranda
or balcony from that of the adjacent unit. It canbe broken through during an emergency to allow
escape to the unit next door.
P. 48

A firefighting instrument that can be used by local
residents. The standpipe is inserted into a fire
hydrant or drain valve on the road, and a hose isattached to conduct firefighting activities.
PP. 132, 190

Smart key
A system for locking and unlocking a door, or
starting an engine, without a mechanical key.

Staying at home
Staying at home, as opposed to going to an
evacuation center,whenthebuildingwhereyoulivewas
notdamagedbythedisasterandthereisnodangeroftsuna
miorfire.
PP. 41, 54

P. 32
Smartphone app
Web applications that can be used on smartphones.
There are many disaster preparedness apps,
including Internet radio apps, disaster alerts andearthquake information apps.
P. 129SNS (social networking service)
A service for providing social networking
through exchanges via the Internet, such as Twitter,
Facebook, and LINE.
PP. 43, 47
Spindle driver
A tool used to open and close the water outlet of afire hydrant.
P. 190Spiral bandA strong rainband surrounding the eye of atyphoon. Shaped like a spiral around the eye.
P. 245
SplintAn object used to temporarily immobilize afracture, joint, etc.

Storm surge
Abnormally high levels of ocean water due to gales
and low pressures coinciding with high tides cause
the water to surge toward the land.
P. 146
Stranded commuters and others
People who become stranded due to an earthquake
or disaster that occurs when they are at a place
other than their home.
P. 127
Submerged
Farmland, crops, roads, cars, etc., in areas where
there usually is no water, becoming covered withwater due to heavy rain or river flooding.
PP. 146, 147, 149, 151
Support fund for disaster victims torebuild their lives
Support fund provided to households that sufferedsignificant damage to their livelihoods through thedisaster, such as total destruction of their residences.
P. 255

P. 180Stabilizing adjuster
An implement used to stabilize copiers,
multifunction printers and other machines to prevent
them from moving.
P. 105

Symbolic disaster remains
A structure that passes down the memories andlessons of a disaster to future generations, suchas destroyed buildings. Some are restored andpreserved, while others are dismantled.
P. 72

T

Standpipe

To provide meals and other food free of charge
when a disaster occurs, etc.
P. 64
Temporary evacuation area
An area to which you evacuate temporarily whenevacuation orders are given, or when the danger offire approaches. Temporary evacuation areas include
local elementary schools, junior high schools, andparks.
PP. 40, 115, 274
Temporary shelter
A facility that temporarily accommodates people
who have trouble returning home due to a disaster.
P. 274
TFD Disaster Volunteers
Volunteers who work at the scene of disaster who
have pre-registered at a Tokyo Fire Department firestation, within whose jurisdiction their home, placeof work, or school is located.
P. 267
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Disaster Prevention Map
A map provided on the TMG disaster prevention
website. You can find the location of disasterprevention facilities, support stations for people
returning home following a disaster, and otherrelevant facilities.
P. 128
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Disaster Prevention Twitter account
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government's Twitter
account on disaster prevention. By activating Twitter
Alerts, important tweets issued by public agencies
and emergency response organizations will appear
on your home timeline.
PP. 129, 271
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Disaster Prevention Website
A website that provides information on
preparing for a disaster in normal times, as well as
information on the situation when a disaster strikes.
PP. 128, 270

Tokyo Metropolitan Seismic
Certification MarkA mark, issued by the Tokyo Metropolitan
Government that shows the safety of the building
against earthquakes so that Tokyo residents can feelsafe using buildings.
P. 108TriageThe process of determining the level of urgency
and severity of injuries/illnesses, and assigningpriority for treatment and transport out of the area.
P. 264
Tsunami evacuation building (evacuation
tower)
A facility where residents and visitors can
immediately evacuate to when a tsunami occurs.
P. 49, 275
Twitter
A communication tool with which messages of up
to 140 letters can be exchanged via the Internet.
PP. 43, 129, 271
Twitter Alert
By activating TMG Disaster Prevention Twitter
Alerts, important tweets issued by public agencies
and emergency response organizations will appear
on your home timeline.
PP. 129, 271

U
Underpass
A road below ground level at a grade-separated
crossing. Prone to becoming submerged during
torrential rain.
P. 151
Urban flooding
A type of flooding that occurs in urban areas
where much of the ground is covered by concreteor asphalt pavement. It occurs when a massive
amount of water flows into the sewerage system orriver.
P. 150"Takidashi"

31 4150629_5-en.indd 314-315

315

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:29

V
Venous bleeding
A type of bleeding in which dark red blood flows
out continuously from a vein.
PP. 178, 263
Volcanic ash fall
Volcanic ash released by an eruption that falls to
the ground.
P. 163

Wind and flood disasterA disaster caused by heavy rain and/or strong wind.
P. 144WorkshopA lesson in which a group of people takes
part in activities, experiences things first hand,and interacts with each other so as to share theirknowledge and/or create something.
PP. 228, 232

Volunteer fire corps
A non-regular group made up of members withother occupations that undertakes firefighting
activities in the community.
P. 139W
Warning
A warning is issued when the Japan Meteorological
Agency has determined that there is a risk of asevere disaster.
PP. 145, 246, 248
Water bag
Plastic bags, such as trash bags, filled with waterand used for flood prevention. When sandbags are
not available, water bags can be used as a substitute.
P. 148Water supply spot
An emergency water supply tank, water
purification plant, water supply station, etc. where
people can obtain water when the water supply isinterrupted due to a major earthquake.
P. 55
WHO (World Health Organization)
A United Nations body that was established withthe objective of attaining the highest possible levelof health for all people.
P. 17031 6150629_5-en.indd 316-317

317

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:30

things through groupinteraction

For Those Who Live Alone
What to do before evacuating 046
The“daily stockpile”concept 085
Emergency bag

090

Furniture stabilizing checklist 1 00
Know the area around your house 1 1 4
Confirm evacuation places

1 15

For Families with Members Who
Need Special Care
Recommending that you stay at home 054
Household stockpile list

088

Furniture stabilizing checklist

1 00

Confirm evacuation places

1 15

Exchange greetings with neighbors regularly 1 24

Know your community's earthquake risk 1 1 8
Places safe from fire120

Prepare to stay at the office

127

Confirm safety and collect information 128

For Families with No Major
Health Problems
The“daily stockpile”concept

085

Emergency bag

090

Furniture stabilizing checklist

1 00

Seismic resistance checklist

1 07

Checking electricity, gas and water supply 1 1 2150629_5-en.indd 318-319

The“daily stockpile”concept

085

Furniture stabilizing checklist

1 00

Fire prevention measures

1 09

Checking electricity, gas, and water supply 1 1 2

Recommending that you stay at home 054

31 8

For Elderly Couple Households

Exchange greetings with neighbors regularly 1 24

For Foreign residents

Know the area around your house 1 1 4

Confirm safety and collect information 1 28

Hold a family meeting

1 22

Emergency services

268

Fire and disaster drills

1 30

LET'S GET PREPARED!

286

How to use the fire extinguisher

1 88

Helpful phrases

288

319

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:30

Index by Location

P.037

P.036

P.037

High-rise building

Mountainous area
P.026

IslandOffice

P.029

P.020

P.036

Home

Elevator

P.049

P.030

Riverside

Train station, train

School

P.033

P.028
Business andshopping district
P.033
TunnelBridge
P.034

P.035

Underground
shopping area

Theater,hall,
stadium
P.032
Car

320

150629_5-en.indd 320-321

321

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:34