The 20th East Asian Social Policy Network & the 30th Foundation forInternational Studies of Social Security Joint International Conference

Poster Session
AbstractsIndex
Poster Sessions
Day 1
Day 2

3 - 1617 - 31

Please refer to the Program Timetable on page 6 to find the session corresponding to
your conference number.
If you are using a PDF viewer, you can automatically navigate to the corresponding pageby clicking on the section names in this page. To return to this page, click the triangle
mark in the top right corner of any page.

1

Poster Sessions
2024 EASP/FISS Joint Conference
13th & 14th June 2024

2

Poster Session Day 1
PO-01

13 JUNE

Shunki Ishido, Osaka City University

Comparative Study of Welfare States by CitizenshipThis study is an international comparison of welfare states by citizenship.

Citizenship is used as a concept to explain the welfare state and is characterised by linking the perspective of the rights and obligations ofcitizens as members of a community to the welfare state. Since the 1990s, the concept of citizenship has attracted attention and studies has
been conducted in many fields, including political participation and the inclusion of minorities. On the other hand, many studies treat
citizenship as a conceptual theory, and the challenge is to quantify citizenship, which is important for clarifying the reality of the welfare
state. In addition, previous studies comparing welfare states have often focused on the redistribution of wealth by the state, and this study is
unique in that it classifies welfare states by including the perspective of citizenship obligations.

As a research methodology, we first organise the components of citizenship based on previous research on contemporary theories ofcitizenship. Next, the constructs are divided into rights and obligations, and a scale is developed to assess the level of citizenship. Then, using
survey data from international organisations such as the OECD, UNICEF and ISSP as secondary sources, scores are drawn from the scale tomeasure the level of citizenship in developed countries. Finally, the results of the obtained scores are illustrated and a typology of welfare
states is developed and discussed.

Wan Hsuan Chiang, Chu-Kai Cheng, Yueh-Tzu Wang, Yueh-Tzu Wang, Fang Ling Chang, Jih-Chang Liang,
Pang Hau Wu, Chia-Wei Shen, Julia Shu-Huah Wang, National Taiwan University
Examining Welfare Equity: An Analysis of Social Assistance Policies Across Counties and Cities in Taiwan
PO-02

Since 1980, Taiwan's Public Assistance Act has played a pivotal role in supporting low- and middle-to-low-income households. As county
and city (country hereafter) governments determine details of welfare design and implementation, local variations in welfare lead todisparities in citizen’s welfare rights. This study systematically collects the regulations and services of social assistance in various counties in
Taiwan and analyzes the differences among counties to explore whether, besides adapting to different living standards and local conditions,
there are disparities in citizens’ welfare rights due to factors such as financial constraints and information asymmetry. Preliminary findings
show Taipei City and Kinmen County offer the most generous welfare, while Pingtung County, Chiayi County and City, and Miaoli County
provide limited benefits. Differences are evident in nutrition, medical, work relief, housing subsidies, emergency aid, and holiday assistance.
In addition, we observe regional clustering patterns, with similar policies among neighboring areas. We also found instances where county
governments occasionally fail to disclose policy information on their websites, particularly in smaller counties. Some officials even indicate alack of intention or obligation to disclose information publicly, limiting the accessibility of government resources for the public. In
conclusion, we discuss the rationality of differences in county welfare measures under the public assistance system as well as the necessity of
welfare information disclosure. We also call for more communication and discussions regarding reforms toward welfare equality in Taiwan.

PO-04 Tomoaki Takeuchi, Kansai University of Welfare Science
Challenges in the promotion of community welfare and development as a social policy in Japan―Consideration fromthe perspective of the social work

This study provides to clarify the value, characteristics, and challenges of promoting community welfare through social policies in Japan.
Administrative documents that summarize proposals for realizing a “community-based convivial society” are assessed, and issues incommunity development research are elucidated in Japan.
In Japan as the welfare state is being reorganized, community-based welfare mainstreaming and community development as a policy arebeing developed. Such government policies are expected to encourage active participation of residents in local activities. However, problems
related to social isolation are becoming more serious in the region, and mutual assistance is weakening; thus, a large gap exists between ideal
community development and the reality.

While the policies aim to proactively help citizens deal with new social risks, their main focus is on demonstrating citizens’ lifelong potential
related to their participation in the labor market and local community. Such policies can be positioned as social investment strategies forinvestment in skill development. However, unlike in European countries, where expectations regarding the role of the local community haveincreased because of the limitations of the welfare state, there is strong recognition in Japan that the local community compensates for thelimitations of the family.
This study contributes to understanding how such a community can be developed in which people themselves build the community andpromote social welfare.

PO-05

Pang Hau Wu, Fang Ling Chang, Jih-Chang Liang, Yueh-Tzu Wang, Pei-Yu Yang, Wan Hsuan Chiang,
Chu-Kai Cheng, Chia-Wei Shen, Xiaoyi Yu, Julia Shu-Huah Wang, National Taiwan University

Local Variations in Social Safety Nets in Taiwan: Evidence from Model Family and Survey Data

In Taiwan, different counties/cities tailor welfare programs to local needs, yet few studies evaluate the legitimacy and performance of thesevariations. We investigate variations in welfare program design and execution across Taiwan counties. Initially, we employ the model family
approach to examine differences in welfare program design, setting various household income levels and compositions (e.g., single-parent,
two-parent households) and gathering income-packaging information (including wages, income tax, social insurance expenses, living costs,
and social welfare assistance). We collected income and expenditure data for sixty families in each of the nine counties (Taipei City, Taoyuan
City, Taichung City, Chiayi County, Kaohsiung City, Pingtung County, Hualien County, Nantou County, and Penghu County). Furthermore,
we analyze welfare program implementation outcomes using data from the Survey of Family Income and Expenditure to capture the percapita welfare income. Initial findings reveal that Taipei City ranks highest in overall cash welfare income for model families, followed by
Taoyuan City and Taichung City. Notably, Taoyuan City offers the highest nutritional subsidies, Taichung City provides substantial
maternity benefits, and Penghu County presents the highest education subsidies. Based on household income and expenditure survey data,
Penghu County demonstrated the highest average welfare income, followed by Pingtung County, Hualien County, and Chiayi County.
Conversely, Taoyuan City, Nantou County, Taichung City, and Taipei City record the lowest average welfare incomes. This paper will delve
into the sources of these disparities and the discrepancies between policy design and implementation.
3

Poster Session Day 1
PO-06

13 JUNE

Yi-Han Wang, Professor, National Changhua University of Education

Cancelled

PO-08

XU Haoyang, Waseda University

Behavioral intention analysis of Migrants’ Participation in Old Community Micro-renewal: A case study in Shenzhen,
China

Micro-renewal projects are being widely conducted in China's old communities, revitalizing them and contributing to urban sustainable
development at low costs. Due to limited affordable housing policies, migrants gather in those low-rent, loosely regulated old communities,
forming unique communities independent from local residents. However, although participatory renewal is a common method in old
community micro-renewal (OCMIR), these migrants are rarely involved in OCMIR projects, leading to issues of social unfairness. Therefore,
based on the different characteristics of migrants and local residents, this study extends the Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB) to investigate
migrants’ behavioral intentions to participate in OCMIR, involving the theories of Expectation confirmation model(ECM), Social
Cognition(SC), and Community Attachment(CA). Using structural equation modeling(SEM), the study conducted questionnaires on selected
residents, obtaining quantitative results on factors influencing resident participation behavior. In addition, semi-structured interviews withstakeholders in OCMIR projects further confirmed the practical significance of the participation mechanisms. The study selected an urban
village in Shenzhen, a typical old community with a high proportion of migrant residents, as a study case. Through collaboration with thesocial organization involved in this community's OCMIR project, the study outcome will provide advice for the decision-making process inthe future and further contribute to social fairness.

PO-09 Jing Wang, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Healthy China Strategy and the perceived accessibility of medical services in China

Medical fairness is a component of social equity, and the sense of medical fairness is an important indicator for social security. Since 2009,
the Chinese government has been implementing the 'New Healthcare Reform' nationwide, aiming to promote full coverage of basic
healthcare services and achieve equalization of basic healthcare services.
The paper measures the development of county-level healthcare service infrastructure using macro-level data. Additionally, the paper
compared patients' subjective evaluations of healthcare services with infrastructure-based data base on General Social Survey (GSS) 2013
and GSS 2021, which include spatial accessibility, time accessibility, economic accessibility, and technological accessibility. A schematic
framework shows that mismatches between a facility-based indicator and perceptions can stem from inaccuracies in awareness as well asfrom inaccuracies in the measure if the measure fails to take account of the subjective evaluations of accessibility components. This paper
explains the mechanisms that lead to the mismatches. A conceptual model is constructed to establish what factors shape perceived
accessibility. This paper argues that bringing perceived accessibility to the fore of accessibility-based planning, by acknowledging andevaluating potential mismatches with facility-based accessibility indicators, will advance the evolution from facility-based to accessibilitybased planning.

PO-10

Youngmin Park, Sogang University; JinYoung Moon, Sogang University

The relationship between suicidal ideation and social capital, public transfer, subjective well-being, and depression in
the eldery: a multigroup structural equation model by income level

Korea has one of the highest rates of elderly suicide among OECD countries, and many studies have focused on the issue of elderly suicide.
In order to clearly explain the problem of suicide among the elderly, we need to consider not only the individual's psychological andemotional problems, but also the changing factors in the social environment. Among the concepts of suicide, suicidal ideation is the
beginning of the suicidal process. This study first analyzes the relationship between the degree of social capital and suicidal ideation. It also
examines the impact of social security, in particular public transfer, on suicidal ideation among the elderly. Furthermore, we examine thestructural relationships between these variables based on previous studies that have examined the relationship between social capital andpublic transfer and depression, subjective well-being, and suicidal ideation. Finally, we will conduct multigroup analyses by income level,focusing on the possibility that the pathways of suicidal ideation differ by income level. The data are from the 2023 (18th wave) of the Korea
Welfare Panel Study (KoWEPS). The independent variables are social capital (trust, reciprocity, etc.) and public transfer (public pension,
basic pension, and Basic Livelihood Security Program benefits), and the mediating variables are depression (CESD-11) and subjective wellbeing. The dependent variable is suicidal ideation, which is a binary variable with a single question, and the cutoff for multigroup analysis is60% of median income as defined by the Korean Welfare Panel Study.

4

Poster Session Day 1
PO-11

13 JUNE

Zewei Liu, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Intersectional Stigma in Public Health Policy Process: A Welfare Theory Informed Qualitative Inquiry

Previous stigma research has emphasized its psychosocial mechanisms, consequences, and interpersonal processes in health and well-being
domains. Emerging structural stigma studies responsively move forward the lack of discussion on macro determinants, such as cultural
norms, laws, and social policies. However, they neglected the complex epidemic-related stigma and how structural factors specifically shape
the stigmatization process. This study aims to explore the mutual process between policy and stigma during the public fight against the
COVID-19 pandemic. Based on theories related to policy implementation and welfare stigma, a conceptual framework was constructed to
guide the case study in a town in central China. The features of policy implementation changed as follows: extremely strict, chaotic switches
between strict and loose, and dynamically strict. During these processes, the traditional epidemic-related stigma against the public in affectedareas was gradually solidified; new welfare stigma against policy implementers and even national systems was further generalized; and the
traditional process of internalizing and externalizing also experienced new changes with the emergence of intersectional stigma. The casestudy showed that health stigma and welfare stigma could be mutually interwoven in public health policy processes, particularly the targetingand implementing periods. This intersectional stigma resonates with the conflicting targets in the emergent and public features of publichealth policy. More importantly, intersectional stigma reflects not only the complexity of public policy and management but also thedeterioration of social differentiation and inequality, which provides insights for grassroots policymakers and implementers on governingsocial integration and solidarity.

PO-12

Huang, Jun-Rong, National Taiwan University

Cancelled

PO-14 Sina Park, Seoul National University
The Expansion of South Korea's Universal Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) System Ensures Whose
Employment? Applying DD and DDD analysis

Korea's ECEC (Early Childhood Education and Care) system is robust and universalist, surpassing those of many developed countries.
However, after a decade since its implementation, evidence suggests that its employment effects on women caring for pre-school aged
children vary based on their internal characteristics. This study aims to investigate these relative employment effects of ECEC systems byconsidering diverse household environments. Using a quasi-experimental design with the DD and DDD analysis, the study examines theimpact of various factors such as single motherhood and spouses' labor levels on employment outcomes.
Introduction of ECEC led to a 5.6% increase in employment probability for women with all pre-school aged children compared to womenwith school aged children (p<0.05). While, the employment probability of married women compared to control group increased significantly(DD: 6.2% point, p<0.05), but single mothers had no change, widening the employment gap between the two groups (DDD: -0.065611,
p<0.05). Additionally, in households where the spouse had irregular employment, employment probability was notably lower compared toboth control group (DD: -6.3% point, p<0.05) and regular employment households (DDD: 0.136713, p<0.01). Moreover, when comparing
employment status from 2010 to 2020, regular employment probability increased for women with spouses in regular employment (8.44%
point) but decreased for those with spouses in irregular employment (-6.66% point), and single mothers (-3.78% point). However, part-time
employment probability increased for these groups (spouses in irregular employment: 4.75% point; single mother: 4.04% point). Overall, thefindings suggest ECEC disproportionately disadvantages women in vulnerable households in Korea.

PO-15

Sun Xin, Fudan University; Hu Zhan, Fudan University

Rejuvenating or Aging? Research on the Relationship between Transition of Multiple Caregiving Roles and Subjective
Temporality of Age

Perceptions of aging serve as crucial indicators for evaluating positive aging. This study examines the relationship between various
caregiving transition types and subjective aging over time. Utilizing data from the 2018 and 2020 waves of the China Longitudinal Aging
Study (CLASS), we examine six transition types, incorporating both intra- and extra-familial caregiving behaviors, by constructing threesubjective aging change patterns: “Consistent over time”, “Accelerated growth”, and “Relative decline”. The findings reveal that sustainedcaregiving is associated with a relative decline in subjective age, with a more pronounced effect observed in the reduction of ongoing
extramural caregiving. Caregiver role transitions, such as exiting caregiving and transitioning between intra- and extra-familial caregiving,lead to an accelerated increase in subjective age, while entering caregiving aligns subjective age with the passage of time. In the context ofcaregiving role transitions, a positive self-perception of aging enhances the subjective age of female caregivers, whereas a positive generalaging attitude reduces the subjective age of male caregivers. The study underscores the significance of caregiving experiences as crucial
predictive factors for subjective aging. Establishing comprehensive family support policies throughout the caregiving lifecycle, promoting
voluntary caregiving participation, can contribute to enhancing adaptive aging.

5

Poster Session Day 1
PO-16

13 JUNE

Yu Meng, Nanjing University; Huang Jie

How economic uncertainties effect the women’s fertility plans: Empirical research from China

Economic uncertainties can have significant implications for individual and family decisions, including those related to fertility. This study
examines the impact of economic uncertainties on women's fertility plans in China, a country with a rapidly evolving economy and changing
social norms. By analyzing empirical data, we aim to provide insights into how financial stressors and economic fluctuations may influencefamily planning choices and reproductive behaviors. To investigate the relationship between economic uncertainties and women's fertility
plans, we employ a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. We analyze nationally representative survey data from
China, with the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Our analysis focuses on variables such as household income, job security, and financial
stress levels, as well as their interactions with socio-demographic factors like education, age, and marital status. Our findings suggest that
economic uncertainties play a significant role in shaping women's fertility plans in China. Higher levels of financial stress, job insecurity, andincome fluctuations are associated with a decreased likelihood of intending to have children and a reduced number of children desired.
Moreover, the influence of economic uncertainties on fertility intentions is more pronounced among women with higher education levels andthose in urban areas, highlighting the potential interplay between economic conditions, social norms, and individual aspirations.

PO-18

Hiroshi Amagai, Osaka Metropolitan University

Analysis of Regional Differences in Poverty Rates by Employment Status in Japan

This study aims to estimate the poverty rate by employment status (full-time and part-time) based on the relative poverty line and to clarify
the extent to which there are differences in the poverty rate by employment status in each prefecture. In estimating the poverty rate, the datafrom the "Employment Status Survey 2017" was obtained by using the custom-made tabulation of the Statistics Bureau of Japan.
The results show that there are differences in poverty rates between full-time and part-time employment within each prefecture and that there
are significant differences in poverty rates between full-time and part-time employment across prefectures as well.

This study specifically showed that households with part-time employment are overwhelmingly more likely to be in poverty than householdswith full-time employment. In particular, the largest difference in poverty rates between full-time and part-time employment households
within a prefecture was 34.8% in Wakayama Prefecture, while the smallest was 16.5% in Mie Prefecture. Furthermore, the aggregate results
revealed differences in poverty rates among prefectures. However, in this study, the relative poverty line was assumed to be uniform and did
not take into account differences in the cost of living and the number of household members in each region. This suggests the need for future
analysis with individual poverty lines for each prefecture.

PO-20 Yiyang ZHANG, The University of Hong Kong
Not Special, But Equal: The Policy of Access to Higher Education for Disabled Students in Mainland China: A
Comparative Analysis

According to the most recent 2021 data, over eighty-five million people in China qualified as disabled, and only about 1.08 million (1.27
percent) had enrolled or were enrolling in higher education (HE). Due to traditional attitudes towards people with disabilities (PWD) as“better fed than taught” and a lack of government and media attention, the recruitment of disabled students to Chinese universities tends to be
slow and limited. Particularly in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, people with disabilities have been hit harder in terms of
employment, health and well-being, while their needs to access HE continue to be overlooked. To clarify and encourage the development ofhigher education for PWD, this research employed vertical and horizontal comparisons to explore the centralized policies and laws directed at
PWD in Mainland China. At the vertical level, major policy shifts and initiatives designed to support students with physical disabilities wereanalyzed, highlighting the increasing role of self-advocacy in improving the legal system and forming a unique bottom-up mechanism ofrights protection. At the horizontal level, the focus lies on achievements and remaining barriers by comparing China’s past and present
policymaking with that of the United Kingdom, Russia, and Japan. Through qualitative comparative methods and content analysis, I argue
that current laws are symbolic and advisory, leaving an inordinate space for local authorities’ interpretation and implementation. Further
attention should target individual needs-centered policies based on grass-roots activism. The Politics of Recognition and Educational
Compensation provide a solid theoretical basis for this analysis.

PO-22

Choi Seoyoung, Sogang University

Post-Industrial Accident Employment: Analyzing Dynamic Labor Market Status Changes

In Korean society, industrial accidents have primarily garnered social attention as issues of 'dying while working,' but there has been a lack ofinterest in the experiences of individuals who have undergone industrial accidents and returned to economic activity. While there has been alack of previous research on the effects of industrial accidents themselves on post-injury labor market experiences, existing studies have been
limited to short periods, typically one to two years following the cessation of injury care. The successful reintegration of injured workers into
the labor market cannot be evaluated solely based on one-time events such as returning to the original job or securing new employment(Yoon Sojin, 2023). To understand how post-injury labor market status is affected over time and what forms of instability it may induce, it isnecessary to pay closer attention to the dynamic changes in the labor market status of injured workers. To address the limitations of previous
research, this study focuses on the effects of industrial accidents themselves on the labor market experiences of workers who have completed
injury care. Specifically, this study aims to (1) determine whether industrial accidents have a negative impact on post-injury labor market
status, (2) assess the duration of any negative impacts caused by industrial accidents, (3) identify the specific mechanisms through which
industrial accidents, whether short-term or long-term, lead to declines in labor market status, and (4) analyze the impact of vocational
rehabilitation and return-to-work services on post-injury labor market status changes. We utilized data from the <Industrial Accident
Insurance Panel>, tracking injured individuals over a five-year period for experience analysis.

6Poster Session Day 1
PO-24

13 JUNE

Chuanqi Que, Chinese University of Hong Kong; Bo Liu, Northeast Forestry University

Cancelled

PO-28

Shuai ZHOU, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Longitudinal Effects of Parenthood on Retirement Behaviour in Japan: The Role of Children’s Education and
Dependence

The literature has shown that mothers of more children often experience worse employment outcomes compared to childless women, but lessis known about whether and how children may affect older parents' retirement decisions. Using longitudinal data from the Japanese Study ofAging and Retirement (2007-2013, 6535 participants aged 50-79 years, 86.18% parents) and random-effect panel models, we compared laterlife employment rates of older parents with different numbers and sex compositions of children. Results of logistic regression models showedthat older parents with two or more children (Odd ratio [OR] of two_children = 2.531, standard error [SE] = 0.587; OR of
three_or_more_children = 2.746, SE = 0.682) were more likely to work than childless adults. Meanwhile, older parents were more likely towork if they had sons, either only sons (OR = 2.356, SE = 0.603) or both sons and daughters (OR = 2.635, SE = 0.613). The positive
associations between the number and sex composition of children and late-life employment could be weakened by older parents' income.
Moreover, children's education and dependence could explain the retirement decisions of older parents, especially older fathers. Educational
investment in children was associated with higher personal income and pension entitlement of both mothers and fathers. Intergenerational coresidence was positively associated with the pension entitlement of older mothers but decreased older fathers' pension entitlement. Overall,parenthood may have long-term effects on retirement decisions because insufficient child educational investment and extended needs forsupporting children can hamper the economic well-being of ageing parents, especially older fathers.

PO-34 Lei Zhang, Chengdu University; Hui Chen, Sichuan Guanghua Social Work Service Center
Cancelled
PO-40

Mutsuko TAKAHASHI, Keisen University

The potential of 'seamless support' for childcare in Japanese family policy

This paper discusses the characteristics and challenges of the discourse on family policy in order to explore the potential for preventive
support for child maltreatment in Japan. As Japanese society changes, families raising small children can no longer rely on the support of thefamily home as much as they used to. Moreover, parenting support involves a diverse range of support and supporters; professionals are
increasingly dividing their work among different expertise, such as maternal and child health, medicine and child daycare. The current stateof childcare support, where continuity and consistency are not self-evident, has recently been called into question by the discourse of'seamless support'. The breakdown and gaps in support suggests that parents/caregivers are likely to find themselves in a situation where theycannot find anyone from whom they seek advice and help in parenting. Such a situation means to be a challenge for preventive early support
against the risk of child maltreatment. The author has also been in contact with the current state of maternal and child health care in Japan andthe tendency of the 'unbroken support' discourse to be hollowed out, through the introduction of the Finnish maternal and child health centre,“neuvola”, to Japan. In conclusion, the author would like to emphasise that family policy in Japan has an essential role not only in combating
declining fertility, but also in building a supportive and social environment that can lower the risk of child maltreatment.

PO-41

Masaaki Irie, FUKUOKA CITY GOVERNMENTThe Impact of Japan's Central Government's Debt on the Population Birth Rate - To make Japan’s birth rate closer tosustainable level-

In Japan, the birth rate has recently experienced a significant decline due to the coronavirus pandemic. Little attention has been given to thedecreasing birth rate, its comparison to other countries, the ongoing downward trend, and the correlation between the birth rate and public
debt in Japan.
In light of the Japanese central government, increase of “the debt-to-GDP ratio increase” is causing a rapid decline of GDP growth rate andan increase in the debt-to-GDP ratio. (Irie,2023), this study compares the impact of “the debt-to-GDP ratio” on the birth rate with data of theOrganization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The goal is to explore potential avenues for improving Japan's birthrate.

PO-42 Soyoon Weon, Chung-Ang University
Cancelled7

Poster Session Day 1

13 JUNE

PO-43 Chien-Chou Hou, Chung Shan Medical University
New Ideas in Long-term Care: Learning from Obstacles to Long-term Care Networking in Indigenous Areas in Taiwan

There are two parts of this study. First, this study focuses on the obstacles to long-term care networking in indigenous areas with a dimensionof personnel collaboration. Second, we anglicize obstacles to long-term care networking in indigenous areas with a long-term care policy
dimension. This study adopts a qualitative research approach. We conducted a research on 23 long-term care workers who worked inindigenous areas of Taichung City in Taiwan.
First, regarding personnel collaboration, there are the following obstacles:
1.Different workers have different expectations for long-term care services, making it difficult to engage in network cooperation.

2.Different professional backgrounds entail different training and thinking, leading to background differences in network collaboration.
3.Proper methods are necessary for the appropriate cooperation of the network. Hence, incorrect methods can also hinder cooperation.

4.The indigenous areas of Taichung City, Taiwan, are located in remote mountain areas. Compared to urban areas, the willingness andeffectiveness of network cooperation are lower.
Second, there are challenges in implementing Taiwan's long-term care policy in indigenous areas.

1.The population is smaller, resulting in fewer people eligible for long-term care. However, establishing too many case managers leads tocompetition among them, which is detrimental to network cooperation.

2.The design of long-term care policy leads to higher incomes for long-term care workers serving in urban areas. Consequently, thewillingness of long-term care workers in indigenous areas to invest is less, making network cooperation difficult.

3.The design of a long-term care policy does not incorporate the special characteristics of indigenous culture. Therefore, currently there is no
specific practical concept for indigenous cultural service networks under cultural care principles.

Finally, we believe that new policy concepts include: deconstructing the long-term care system to fit the characteristics of indigenous groups,
enhancing the honor system of long-term care services in rural areas, performance calculation systems for network cooperation,
implementing cross-professional identity courses in university education or preservice training, and cultivating core abilities in cultural care
for long-term care.

PO-45

HARADA Genki, Takasaki City University of Economics

Changes in Social Services for Persons with Disabilities: Harunago as a Case Study, 1960–2023

The purpose of this study was to examine why social services for people with disabilities are changing by using Harunago (Gunma
Prefecture, Japan), a prominent Japanese institution for people with intellectual disabilities, as a case study. In this study, a literature analysis
revealed that Harunago, when it was first established in the 1960s, emphasized labor and employment training and had people withintellectual disabilities work either outside or inside the institution. At that time, this approach was influential in the social services for people
with intellectual disabilities in Japan. Today, however, this approach is no longer emphasized, mainly because of the aging of inmates. The
inmates' demographic changes are significant, and the staff have been trying to provide inmate-centered services. Previous research studies
on disability policies have often argued that the findings on social policies and services do not sufficiently explain the changes in disability
policy. They have focused on factors such as the rise of international human rights norms or the influence of the disability movement, rather
than on social policies and social service frameworks. However, this study shows that targeting individuals eligible for social services at the
beginning of the establishment of the institution and institutional legacies is important for changes in social services for persons withdisabilities. In the future, it is important to characterize the persons that the government, institutions, and families have been trying to place ininstitutions for people with disabilities.

PO-46 Liang Yan, Saint Francis University
Teaching and Learning of Social Justice in Mainland China: Social Work Students’ Experiences, Suspicions, andPreconceptions

How to teach social justice is an important issue in social work education. Even though Chinese social work also seems to embrace the valueof social justice, there is little empirical evidence on the teaching of social justice in China. This paper presents the findings of a qualitative
research interviewing 22 social work students in Guangdong Province, China, revealing students’ experiences, suspicions, andpreconceptions. In the participants’ narratives, social justice was rarely or only superficially taught. The participants speculated it is due topolitical sensitivity of social justice in China, and some even suspected the value of teaching social work values at all. While social workclassroom played a relatively minimum role in the teaching of social justice, this research found that the participants held certain
preconceptions of social justice, which reflected the underlying influence of political education they received in high school. It is advocatedsocial justice must be brought back to social work education and social work educators must be conscious of students’ suspicions andpreconceptions to facilitate the teaching and learning of social justice.

PO-49

Qiaobing Wu, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hui Qiu, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Cancelled8

Poster Session Day 1

13 JUNE

PO-51 Hung Suet Lin, Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist University; Fung Kwok Kin; He LangjieSocial capital through the intersectional lens: Research on Chinese migrant women in Hong Kong

Community social capital, with its bonding and bridging types, has been tools for understanding the community. Concomitant with the
preponderance of studies utilizing the concept of intersectionality, particularly in gender studies, is the increasing concerns among social
policy makers and analysists on unravelling its impact on community social capital. The authors have conducted a community survey in 2022with 450 samples randomly recruited from two low income communities in Hong Kong. Community social capital was measured using theSocial Capital Questionnaires Scale - Chinese, which measures seven dimensions of community social capital, and the resultant bonding andbridging social capital. The findings indicate that age, education and personal income significantly impact both types of social capital,
whereas gender alone does not. The concept of intersectionality is relevant focusing on analyzing the impact of the interconnected systems of
power and privilege, including gender, race, economic class, age and others, on social inequality and community social capital of different
social groups. Focusing on Chinese women in Hong Kong, we discuss how gender intersects with socio-economic variables and the resultant
impact on their community social capital. The significance of utilizing the intersectionality perspective in revealing differences in community
social capital for women, and implications for social policy will be discussed.

Haenim Lee , Dongguk University; Seung yun Kim, The Seoul Institute; Eunhee Han, The Korea Social
Security Information Service
From Shadows to Empowerment: Navigating the Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) with Latent Class
Analysis and the Healing Role of Social Engagement
PO-53

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to categorize Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) using Latent Class Analysis (LCA) and toanalyze the mediating effect of social engagement activities on the impact of identified latent ACE groups on empowerment in adulthood.
This study provides a multifaceted understanding of ACEs and suggests effective interventions through building protective factors for thesafe and long-term growth of children, leading to a healthy adulthood.
Methods: This study employed data from the 2012 Korean General Social Survey (KGSS), conducted by the Survey Research Center at
Sungkyunkwan University. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was utilized to identify latent groups of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs).
Additionally, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to examine the mediating effect of social participation activities on how theseidentified latent ACE groups influence empowerment.

Findings: ACEs were categorized into three groups: (group 1) “severe abuse and violence,” (group 2) “severe abuse and violence withnegative family dynamics,” and (group 3) “mid-adversities.” Results showed that (group 2) “severe abuse and violence with negative family
dynamics” were more likely to engage in social engagement activities compared to (group 3) “mid-adversities.” Furthermore, this study
found that (group 2) “severe abuse and violence with negative family dynamics” had an indirect effect of increasing empowerment throughsocial engagement activities in adulthood.
Conclusion:This study's findings underscore the necessity of establishing protective measures and empowerment mechanisms to prevent
adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and promote healthy living. It emphasizes the importance of implementing strategies across various
levels—individual, family, and community—to enhance protective factors within policy recommendations and child and family support
initiatives for their adulthood.

PO-54 Ijin HONG, National Taiwan University; Zaiping YANG, Sun Yat-sen University
Cancelled

PO-56

Yuehui Yu, School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China

Cancelled

PO-57 Shu-Yun WU, Tsz-Chiu Cheung, National Chi Nan University
The phenomenon of child-to-parent violence in Taiwan

In the last decade, there has been a discernible uptrend in domestic violence cases perpetrated by children against their parents across various
countries, with Taiwan experiencing a doubling of such incidents within a five-year span. These cases are marked by their clandestine natureand the stigma attached, often resulting in the reluctance of the abused parents to seek assistance. This study synthesizes and analyzes datafrom Taiwan's "Protection Information System," and employs focus group interviews to ascertain the current practical landscape. This study
yielded the following insights: Firstly, a preponderance of the victims are female, outnumbering male victims by more than two to one, withmothers constituting nearly sixty percent of the victims; the perpetrators are predominantly male, exceeding the number of female
perpetrators by over threefold. Secondly, regarding the familial relationships, almost half are between mother and son (49.4%), with father
and son relationships accounting for 21.4%. Thirdly, "physical violence" emerges as the most prevalent form of violence, succeeded by"psychological violence." Fourthly, contributing factors to these violent occurrences include suboptimal family interaction dynamics, ahistorical presence of violence or trauma within the family, psychosomatic symptoms in the children, and a dislocation of familial power
structures. This type of violence has repercussions for the relational dynamics and overall functioning of the family unit. It is imperative forprofessionals aiding these families to scrutinize the underlying factors of familial interaction and comprehensively grasp the family's
aggregate needs.

9Poster Session Day 1

13 JUNE

PO-63 Ka-Yi Fung, Saint Francis University; Wai-Tak Wong, Saint Francis University
Enhancing Social Services through Data Engineering: A case study of hotline services in Hong Kong

This study demonstrates the use of Generative AI to enhance Caregivers’ Support Hotline services and facilitate the development of new
caregiver services. Informal caregivers often bear significant burdens, leading to the establishment of numerous support hotlines. These
hotlines require substantial manpower to complete tasks, like summarizing calls, flagging high-risk cases, tracking callers' brief histories andcritical issues, and performing data analysis on all callers. This project aims to develop a system for alleviating the workload of humanoperators and yielding valuable insights for service improvement.

In collaboration with the Hong Kong Federation of Women’s Centres’ Carer Hotline Services, our team utilized generative AI to streamline
the above-mentioned processes. All calls are recorded with the consent of the callers. We initially identified ten key issues including
parenting, housing, financial hardship, mental health and more. By using "Prompt Engineering" techniques, which include formulating
effective questions and examples to elicit the richest informative responses, Generative AI can identify and reference relevant dialogue within
the call.

Then, algorithm programming will be used for advancing existing services. We’ll deploy the system to summarize calls and conduct
statistical analysis on approximately 200 cases. Subsequently, we plan to program the AI to comprehend and suggest services related to theidentified issues. The analysis of summaries, call content, issue types, demographics, and service use will facilitate clustering and pathanalysis, providing strategic insights. These findings could be added to training guidelines for informal caregivers to maximize the efficacy
and reach of hotlines to enhance the support services.

PO-64 FUNG Ka Yi, Saint Francis University; CHAN, Wing Sun. Lancaster University
Engaging impoverished families and small enterprises in communities in Hong Kong: Networked philanthropic
approachThis study showcases an innovative philanthropic approach to engaging impoverished families within the Hong Kong community.
Traditional methods often see NGOs or charitable foundations providing direct financial support to those in need. Although this alleviates
their monetary strain, the impact on their integration into the local community remains ambiguous. In contrast, the Chow Tai Fook Charity
Foundation (CTFCF) implemented a consumption coupon scheme to bolster disadvantaged families, small enterprises, and the community,
all of which suffered significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The CTFCF allocated funds to select NGOs, which in turn identified
small businesses to participate in the scheme and distributed coupons to eligible families. These families could then redeem their coupons atpartnered small businesses. Findings indicate that the scheme did more than offer financial relief to families and small businesses. It
facilitated the formation of two types of support networks. Firstly, by redeeming coupons at various partnered small businesses andpurchasing unfamiliar products, such as steak, recipients broadened their community knowledge and experiences. This expansion madecasual interactions with fellow community members, like sharing dining experiences, more accessible, thus fostering opportunities for social
connection. Secondly, the scheme linked small businesses with NGOs, creating a community support network. With NGO assistance, small
businesses found it easier to engage in philanthropy, which, in turn, enhanced the range of services and support available to impoverishedfamilies, including meal provisions. Notably, this collaborative spirit has persisted beyond the scheme's conclusion.

PO-67 Raksha Kirpal Mahtani, Natacha Aveline, CNRS @ Create, Singapore“What’s Wolbachia?”: Built environment and social risk perceptions in neighbourhoods with Wolbachia-AEDESTechnology interventions

Singapore’s reputation has been cultivated as a model green city able to control environmental risks. Dengue has been reconceived of as a
“networked disease” in similar countries within the region due to climate change, accelerated migration, tourism, and urbanization, pointing
to greater and more uneven risks to various populations even in temperate countries like Japan and South Korea experiencing risingtemperatures. Dengue is also significantly impacted by features of built environment that foster ideal breeding conditions (high density
housing, stagnant water bodies, uneven ground, poor waste management increasing disposable plastic litter). Features of built environmentthat contribute to the formation of urban heat islands (poor wind flow, high density housing, high use of cement in building materials, lowrise housing or lower floors in high-rise buildings, proximity to construction sites) may exacerbate breeding and dengue transmission. Lowlevel buildings (below 7 levels) also experience higher dengue risks. Extant literature suggests that higher temperature fluctuations can put apause in mosquito breeding beyond certain temperatures e.g. >36 degrees Celsius; however, due to localised fluctuations in weather
conditions, an analysis of built environment involving these various conditions is imperative. This paper proposes an analysis of dengue as aninfectious disease that conceptualizes of it as vertically and horizontally stratified. Through an analysis of existing policies, as well as 100
semi-structured interviews with residents and experts conducted over 6 months of ethnography, this paper aims to contribute to a deeper
understanding of dengue policy and management in light of uneven social and infrastructural risks.

PO-69

Li Pengyang

Cancelled10

Poster Session Day 1

13 JUNE

PO-70 Zhen Wang, Institute of Policy Studies, Lingnan University
Sociological Incursion into the Pregnancy and Maternal Experience of Postgraduate Students in Hong Kong

Several policy discourses associate the low fertility levels with increased opportunities for education, especially for women. However, little
attention has been paid to the structural constraints inherent in the education system that discourage the combination of parenthood andacademic achievement. This study aimed to highlight the pregnancy and postpartum experiences of students at public universities in HongKong. Twenty respondents were included in the study. The main contribution of this study lies in its inclusion of the experiences of malestudents with pregnant or postpartum partners and the implications of these experiences for their academic performance. A striking finding
was that maternity policies for students were “gray areas” in most universities. Pregnancy and postpartum support were limited to female
faculty members and staff. Psychologically, the students reported stress and depression, with some receiving clinical diagnoses. Their overall
well-being was found to be affected. International students experienced greater stress, which sometimes led them to defer their programs. The
findings of this study have implications for the development of maternity and paternity policies for students at universities in Hong Kong, andby extension in other parts of the world.

PO-71

Heaeun, Oh

Cancelled

PO-72 Yujun, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Zhou Ziyao, Nanjing Normal University
Online social support and problematic internet use—a meta-analysis

The utilization of the Internet has become a vital way for individuals to acquire social support, but research has found that the buffering andcompensatory mechanism behind it, in which individuals always fall into problematic Internet use. This review examined research on therelationship between online social support (OSS) and problematic internet use (PIU) both theoretically and empirically. Followed PRISMA
guidelines, this study conducted a systematic literature search on 5 English and 3 Chinese databases. 1870 articles were screened first by title,
then abstract, and lastly, full articles. 29 studies were identified, with total sample of 20501 participants. Meta‐analysis showed that thecorrelation of online social support with problematic Internet use was significant (r = .287). And the relationship was significantly moderated
by the participants’ gender, cultural context, school grade, and the measurement of OSS and PIU. Specifically, the relationship was stronger
in females than in males, and it is also stronger among participants from Western cultures compared to Oriental cultures. Furthermore, therelationship was more prominent among college students than high school students. Additionally, when OSS was measured on Facebook, therelationship exhibits greater magnitude compared to measuring the connotative dimensions of OSS. In terms of measuring the manifestationof PIU, studies focusing on social media addiction presented a greater magnitude in the relationship between PIU and OSS. These findings
contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the association between OSS and PIU, and carry implications for social work services,
particularly in identifying and addressing the potential risks associated with social support provision in the digital realm.

PO-73

Luan Mengcong, KOBE UNIVERSITY

Construction of Ethnic Enclave by New Immigrants from China : The Interaction with the Overlapping Networks ofOverseas ChineseThis paper investigates the importance of ethnic social networks in the formation of geographic agglomeration patterns through a study ofChinese new immigrants in the Higashinihonbashi district of Chuo Ward in Osaka. This manuscript conducts an investigation focused on the
newcomer Chinese population in the Higashinihonbashi district of Chuo Ward, Osaka, to examine the significance of the Overseas Chinese
network in the formation process of geographical agglomeration models. It became clear that multilayered social networks are a critical factor
in facilitating the accumulation of new immigrants. Furthermore, by studying the personal networks of these immigrants and theestablishment process of a specific hometown association, we confirmed the concurrent existence of both informal and formal socialorganizations in areas of Chinese immigrant accumulation. Additionally, this study utilized the formation of informal and formal
communities as criteria in examining the concept of enclaves and, through the analysis of semi-structured interview data, concluded that theHigashinihonbashi district in Chuo Ward can be classified as a new type of enclave. It also indicates that pre-established Overseas Chinese
networks play an essential role in the process of enclave formation. Moreover, enclaves centered on new immigrants contain diverse culturalvalues, and social networks like hometown associations are flexibly leveraged in spaces with social attributes such as enclaves.

PO-74 Anqi Chen, Lingnan University
Social capital and physical health of migrating older adults: examining urban-rural disparities in China

Background: Although old-age migration in China has received increasing attention, the impact of China's inherent urban-rural differences on
physical health of this group still needs to be explored. This study focuses on two questions: the physical health differences between older
Chinese migrants in terms of their urban-rural residence, and whether social capital has a buffering effect on such health differences.
Method: This study used data from the China Health And Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) Wave 4 (2018). The sample consists of
3,137 migrating seniors (aged 60 and above without local hukou), with an average age of 68.71 (SD=6.54).

Result: This study found that the physical health of rural older migrants was significantly worse than that of urban older migrants (t = -2.64, p< .001). Social capital of migrating seniors was also found to have urban-rural differences. Bonding SC was not as high for rural older
migrants as for urban older migrants, but its overall distribution was more even. Urban older migrants had better linking SC compared torural older migrants (χ2(3) = 74.01, p = .001). The moderation model found that when the linking SC is extensive, the physical health of rural
older migrants is better than that of urban older migrants (β=-0.035, CI=-0.067~0.002).
Conclusion: The urban-rural differences between power-related vertical ties and physical health found in this study seem to reflect
resourcefulness and better constraints on power in urban areas of China. This suggests that greater investment in rural healthcare resources
should be made and the establishment of robust mechanisms for monitoring authority in rural areas, ensuring equitable and rational
distribution of resources to rural older migrants.
11

Poster Session Day 1
PO-75

13 JUNE

Zhenyu Wang, Kinglun Ngok, Sun Yat-sen University

Cancelled

PO-76 Yujeong, Nam, Yonsei University
Cancelled

PO-77 Mahari Is Subangun, University of Indonesia
COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE IN PSYCHOSOCIAL REHABILITATION FOR VICTIMS OF CRIME IN
INDONESIA IN THE ERA OF COVID-19

Fulfillment of the rights of victims of criminal acts in Indonesia, particularly psychososial rehabilitation in the era of covid-19 has received
little attention. Psychososial is defined as all forms of psychological and sosial services and assistance aimed at helping to relieve, protect andrestore physical, psychological, sosial and spiritual conditions so that they are able to carry out their sosial functions normally again. In
practice, psychososial services often collide with funding problems, a weak understanding of victims' rights and a lack of strong collaboration
between various stakeholders in sharing roles in carrying out psychososial services for victims of criminal acts.. This research elaborates on
how coercive, mimetic and normative isomorphism in institutional theory that occurs in LPSK in the institutionalization process of Sahabat
Saksi Korban and the emergence of mimetic in the process of institutional cooperation in realizing victim trust funds as access to
psychososial rehabilitation services for victims of crime. This research uses an organizational sociology approach with an isomorphism pointof view to find out the strength of the roles and relations of institutions in carrying out psychososial services for victims of crime. By meansof the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) combined with Textual Network Analysis (TNA), this study found that coercive isomorphism ingovernment agencies is the main driving force behind mimetic and normative isomorphism, while the private sector is driven by perceptionof victims. Specifically, in the LPSK, due to coercive encouragement from Indonesian Law Number 31 of 2014 concerning the Protection ofWitnesses and Victims, isomorphism arises to provide psychososial services to victims of criminal acts. This encouragement triggered
mimetic isomorphism in the various form of cooperation, and as a result, it is possible to say, normatively, that LPSK has evolved into a
professional institution in providing psychososial rights services for victims of criminal acts. In addition, this study provides
recommendations regarding the role of state institutions and collaboration between cooperative institutions in fulfilling the rights of victims
of crime in Indonesia, particularly psychososial services.

PO-78 Kai-yi Lu, Wen-Ju Chen, National Taipei University
Research on the connections between codependency, self-efficacy, and social support in the context of partners ofindividuals dealing with alcohol problems

Alcohol addiction has long been a significant focus, but the well-being of partners of problem drinkers has often been overlooked. This study
aims to explore the co-attachment experienced by partners living with problem drinkers, examining relationship dynamics and their impact
on the partners' social support. By focusing on these individuals' experiences, we aim to shed light on this often-neglected aspect of alcohol
addiction and its effects on those closest to the problem drinker. Understanding these relationships and social support dynamics is crucial fordeveloping more comprehensive interventions to address the broader impact of alcohol addiction. Through this exploration, we hope tocontribute to a more holistic approach to supporting problem drinkers and their partners, ultimately improving the well-being of all
individuals affected by alcohol addiction.

This study utilized a quantitative framework and employed social survey methods, using purposive and snowball sampling to collect data
through structured questionnaires. A total of 89 valid questionnaires were obtained and used to test the research hypotheses. The study's key
findings highlight the complex relationships between educational level, employment status, income, and co-attachment. The partner's
education level can notably impact co-attachment, especially concerning medical and family-related issues significantly (p<.05).
Additionally, self-efficacy is negatively linked to co-attachment, predicting low self-esteem, medical concerns, and family-related issues
significantly (p<.05). In contrast, social support is negatively associated with co-attachment but does not predict its occurrence. These results
shed light on the intricate dynamics of co-attachment and its influencing factors.

PO-79

Wang Yixuan, Osaka University

Assessing social capital in flood-stricken Zhengzhou, China: Insights across urban, transitional, and rural communities

Social capital, a key concept in disaster-response research, exhibits variability in effectiveness based on the community type. Previous studies
have primarily focused on the social capital of rural communities (RCs) and urban communities (UCs). However, the increasingly numerous
transitional communities (TCs) emerging in China's rapid urbanization have received insufficient attention. This study aims to analyze thedifferences in the effectiveness of social capital in disaster response across UCs, TCs, and RCs in Zhengzhou, China. Employing a mixedmethods strategy, this study gathers 1837 questionnaire responses in flood-affected communities, conducts an Analysis of Variance(ANOVA), and uses semi-structured interviews and participant observations in three representative communities. The results show that TCs
exhibit the lowest social capital effectiveness in disaster response, UCs score the highest, and RCs exhibit intermediate effectiveness. The
effectiveness of bonding social capital is relatively high across all three community types, while bridging social capital scores the lowest.
Examining the characteristics of the three types of community social capital, UCs lack sustainability, TCs show confusion and inefficiency,
and RCs are supported by the closeness of internal networks despite facing challenges in accessing external resources. This study contributes
to understanding social capital's effectiveness in disaster response across different communities in China, particularly TCs. It also offers
recommendations on enhancing community disaster-response capabilities from the perspective of the effectiveness of social capital.

12

Poster Session Day 1
PO-80

13 JUNE

Yuxuan HU, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

Cancelled

PO-81 WANG Zhen, Lingnan University; HUANG Yaoxuan Virginia
The Impact of Official Rotation on the Development of Residential Land in China: Evidence from the governor rotation

Rotation is a practice whereby officials are regularly moved between equally ranked positions. By employing a unique dataset compiled to
track the career paths of city-level political leaders in China from 2007 to 2023, this study examines the effect of official rotation on theresidential land development in China using a two-way fixed effects model. We find that official rotation has a negative impact on both local
government land supply and real estate firms’ land bidding behaviours. These outcomes can be attributed to the disruption of entrenchedlocal networks, prompting more conservative land supply by local governments and less aggressive land bidding behaviour by firms. This
study extends our understanding of the influencing factors of the development of residential land from the perspective of the official
governance system. In addition, our findings have clear policy implications for how the government can improve the official governancemodel to motivate local governments toward achieving urban land management objectives.

PO-82 Wenqi Chen, Bin Pan, Nan Li, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics
Exploring Residents' Attention and Demand for Home-Based Elderly Care Services: A Multi-Evidence Study Based on
Policy and Online Big Data Analysis

With the rapid growth of elderly population and the increasing needs for home-based care services, improving such services has become
essential for the Chinese government to address the challenges of an aging population. Existing research primarily focuses on theconstruction of the home-based elderly care service system from a macro perspective, with limited understanding of the actual demand of
Chinese residents. This study aims to better comprehend the practical demands and perspectives of Chinese elderly and their families by
evaluating online reviews of home-based care services on digital consumer platforms and Public Interest (PI) data from Baidu Index. By
mining big data, this study employs topic modeling to extract themes, and explores users' search trends to construct a demand map, emotionaltendencies, and main issues. It investigates how the policy environment, service institutions, and consumers' attitudes and feelings influence
the demand for home-based elderly care services. The findings indicate a rapidly growing interest in professional and personalized elderly
care, especially in medical care and psychological counseling. Based on the findings, this study proposes recommendations to optimize themanagement and design of home-based elderly care services, thereby enhancing the satisfaction of the elderly and their families andproviding a reference for promoting the marketization and professionalization of this service.

PO-83 Wang Leixin, East China Normal University (ECNU)
Cancelled
Potential Interventions for Depression Among Chinese Adolescents with Low Socioeconomic Status: Insightsfrom Positive Adolescent Development
Assessing social capital in flood-stricken Zhengzhou, China: Insights across urban, transitional, and rural communities
PO-84

Family socioeconomic status plays an important role in the well-being of adolescents. However, strategies to mitigate socioeconomic status's
impact on adolescent depression, particularly among rural Chinese adolescents, remain underexplored. Employing the positive adolescentdevelopment framework, this study analyzed 2,702 rural adolescents (aged 13-17, average age 14.72, SD=1.056, 47.7% girls) from China's
less developed areas to explore subjective socioeconomic status's impact on depression and the moderating role of PYD qualities. The results
showed a negative correlation between subjective socioeconomic status and adolescent depression. Additionally, PYD qualities mitigated theadverse effects of subjective socioeconomic status on depression. These findings provide empirical evidence on how low socioeconomic
status adolescents in rural China manage mental health risks. Moreover, the study identifies strategies to prevent and alleviate depression in
low socioeconomic status adolescents in rural China.

PO-87 Hui Hu, Juyeon Lee, The University of Hong Kong; Linyun Fu, University of Chicago
Enhancing Well-being and Preventing Problematic Internet Use through School-based Social-Emotional Learning
Program for Underserved Rural Adolescents: Evidence from China

Introduction: China's strict migration policies have left millions of rural children facing educational barriers, parental absence, and mental
health risks. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these challenges by further destabilizing parental employment and reshaping social
interactions. While technology use can help strengthen family and peer connections, it also raises concerns over problematic Internet use(PIU). This study evaluates a school-based social-emotional learning (SEL) program designed to enhance well-being and prevent PIU among
rural adolescents.

Method: Employing a two-arm pilot cluster randomized controlled trial, the study involved 414 seventh graders from a rural town in China(Mean age = 12.39; 46.4% girls; 44.7% left-behind). Participants reported on PIU, peer and parent relationships, and SEL outcomes. Linear
mixed modeling was used to evaluate the intervention effects. Subgroup analyses by gender and left-behind status were conducted for
tailored strategy development.

Results: The intervention significantly improved social life engagement (p < 0.05; ES = 0.23), emotional well-being (p < 0.01; ES = 0.35),
coping resources (p < 0.05; ES = 0.29), and general SEL outcomes (p < 0.05; ES = 0.25). Boys showed greater benefits in SEL outcomes,
while girls improved in social life and peer relationships. Adolescents living with parents benefited more than those left-behind.

Implications: The findings call for education and migration policy changes to enhance rural students’ well-being by integrating SEL into
school curricula, reducing barriers for migrating with parents, and developing additional PIU prevention strategies. These implications may
also apply to other countries facing widespread migration and PIU issues.
13

Poster Session Day 1

13 JUNE

PO-88 Jaejeong Lee, SeungYoon Lee, HyunjunShin, Chung-Ang University
Merging of the Marketisation of Elderly Care Services with Digital Platforms :Focusing on Home Care Platforms

In the context of the government's policy to strengthen private sector-led social services, we focus on the potential for the expansion of digitalplatforms to change the landscape of care services. This study captures the emergence of elderly home care platforms as a combination of themarketisation of elderly care services and digital platforms, and seeks to analyse the specific aspects of this combination and its implications
for elderly care services and care workers. To this end, this study first systematically examines the expansion of digital platforms into careservices and their characteristics in the context of the marketisation of elderly care services in Korea. Then, using data from the Korea HealthIndustry Promotion Agency and the Korean Startup Investment Database, we empirically analyse the industry trends of home care platforms,
and conduct a qualitative study using in-depth interviews to analyse the specific linkage mechanisms and experiences of relevant actors. The
results show that the Korean care services industry is growing rapidly, and with the support of the government, well-capitalised andtechnologically advanced platform companies are expanding in pursuit of profits by taking advantage of the complex nature of long-term careservices for the elderly, network effects, and digital platform management methods. While it was found that the growth of home care
platforms could lead to over-competition and instability of long-term care workers, it was analysed that the expansion of big data and AI
utilisation would be limited due to the fact that the main actors involved are the elderly and the nature of the labour involved in long-termcare services requires interpersonal skills.

PO-89 Dayeon Jeong, Kyung Hee University
Did Tsai Ing-wen government's pension reform succeed?- The Taiwan DPP's failure to structural reforms and gradualdevelopment –This paper examines the characters and factors of institutional change regarding pension reform in the Tsai Ing-wen administration of Taiwan
with the historical context of the Democratic Progressive Party(DPP). It aims to elucidate the background of the Tsai Ing-wen government,
the second ruling government of the DPP, maintaining the segmental pension system by adopting parametric reforms instead of structuralreforms that the DPP has pursued. The article focuses on the differences created by the direction of pension reform among parties bycombining theoretically partisan theory and factors that constrain political parties, such as party competition and veto points. The results
show that the Tsai Ing-wen government's adoption of parametric reform instead of structural reform was constrained by party competition in
the context of the DPP pension policy. Established interests influenced it in the existing segmented pension system. As a result of the pension
reform, the Tsai Ing-wen government maintained and strengthened segmented systems, such as cutting civil service pension benefits andestablishing new pensions for farmers. While the Tsai Ing-wen government failed to pursue pension consolidation through structural reform,
it pursued gradual development by cutting pension benefits and creating new pensions, addressing the gaps among pensions. The article
captures the strategic shift in pension reform within the historical context of party policies through a new theoretical combination.

PO-90 Hsiao-Lan Liu, National Central University
A tentative survey on food accessibility in a small-scale agricultural system—a case study of Taiwan

The concept of "Food Desert," caused by highly developed commodity distribution chains in advanced countries, describes the difficultysome residents in certain areas face in accessing fresh food, indirectly leading to health burdens. Therefore, the study of food accessibility has
become one of the focal points of concern in human well-being. This research focuses on investigating the food accessibility patterns amongresidents living in shallow mountainous areas, using the landslide and debris flow-prone areas released by the Agency of Rural Development
and Soil and Water Conservation (MOA) in Taiwan as the research scope. The method involved conducting telephone surveys, with a total of769 questionnaires collected. After excluding invalid samples, analysis was based on 716 valid data sets. The survey covered various aspects,
including cooking at home during weekdays and weekends, frequency of cooking meals at home, food procurement channels, transportation
modes during purchases, number of days for food reserves before typhoons, types of food reserves, and more. This study aims to present the
dietary patterns in landslide and debris flow-prone areas and, on one hand, to highlight the unique food accessibility patterns in Taiwan,
characterized by its predominantly small-scale agricultural system, distinct from those of other countries. On the other hand, it also serves asa reference for future disaster preparedness in terms of food supply and distribution models.

PO-91 Yurie Momose, University of Tokyo
Long-Term Effects of Hidden Social Exclusion Behind Stable Labour

Research on the relationship between social exclusion and health inequalities is in its pilot stages. This study aims to examine how thestructure of social exclusion affects subsequent health inequality. The study begins with model selection conducted through simultaneous
multi-population analysis between two cohorts of working-age groups. It reveals class characteristics from the conditional positive response
probabilities of the selected latent classes: ‘Socially Excluded in All Dimensions’, ‘Multidimensional Disadvantaged Self-Employed’,‘Labour Market Exclusion’, and ‘Non-Social Exclusion’. Among these five social exclusion statuses, the focus is on the health inequalities of“Hidden Social Exclusion Behind Stable Labour”. This class has often been overlooked in social exclusion research, which centres on labour
market instability as a fundamental premise. This study utilized data from the Japanese Life Course Panel Surveys (JLPS) from 2007 to 2023
(waves 1 to 17) conducted by the Institute of Social Science at the University of Tokyo. The analysis results indicate that “Hidden Social
Exclusion Behind Stable Labour” was found to have an impact on subsequent subjective health and mental health, similar to the effectobserved in the ‘Multidimensional Disadvantaged Self-Employed, among others’ category. Conversely, the study did not find straightforward
evidence of the effect of ‘Socially Excluded in All Dimensions’ on health disparities. Specifically, this underscores the importance of thefinding that “Hidden Social Exclusion Behind Stable Labour” emerges as a significant social determinant of health, as suggested by thisstudy.

14

Poster Session Day 1

13 JUNE

PO-93 Shihhan Wang; Mengxin Lin
A project of social robot application in community-based groups for older persons with mild cognitive impairment

Social robots can function as platforms that engage, monitor, and support cognitive training and interactive activities through verbal and nonverbal communication, real-time corrections, or encouraging feedback（Breazeal，2011）. We suppose that a robot can serve a supportiverole in group work, preventing dementia and promoting activity participation.

Our study has three objectives. The first is to explore the interaction between elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment and robots
in group activities, and the perspectives and attitudes of the elderly toward the robot.The second is to investigate the feasibility of applying
robots in group work.

Our research methods is participant observation and interviews. Observation items include vision, spoken language, movement, and emotion
between the elderly and the robot.
According to our study, we observed that social robots played a significant role at the beginning of group activities. Driven by curiosity, mostgroup members engaged in discussions about the robots' appearance and functionalities, thereby enhancing the group atmosphere. Whilerobots could not identify members with low participation and autonomously provided care to them, other group members encouraged thosewith low participation to interact with the robot. Initially, low-participation members might be resistant. However, as the group activities
progressed, low-participation members became more natural and proactive in interacting with the robot. Ultimately, we discovered that elders
tend to anthropomorphize the robot. The relationship between elders and the robot is perceived as more equal than the relationship between
elders and group leaders. This perception can empower the elders.

PO-95 Helmatun Fauza Ulfah, Universitas Gadjah Mada; Khairatunnisa, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
Cancelled

Tomo Nishimura, Kwansei Gakuin University; Yoshiro Tsutsui, Kobe International University; Daisuke
Ishikawa, Fukushima University
Individual unconscious gender bias and career aspirations
PO-98

The promotion gender gap between men and women is a worldwide issue, and one of the factors contributing to this gap is the differences incareer aspirations between the sexes. Previous studies on gender gap in career aspirations have analyzed the effects of innate genderdifferences, organizational structures and practices, and unconscious bias in evaluations. However, little attention has been paid to the impact
of individuals’ unconscious bias on their career aspirations.
In this study, we conducted an online survey on gender inequality in Japan in February 2024 through Macromill, Inc. Using the results (N =670) we analyzed how individuals' unconscious gender bias affects their promotion aspirations. A probit regression model was employed for
estimation. We also examined the potential simultaneity of unconscious bias (the belief that men generally have more leadership skills than
women) and promotion aspirations.

Our results showed that individuals' unconscious gender bias has asymmetric effects on men and women; it has a negative impact on
women's promotion aspirations and a positive impact on men's promotion aspirations.
To overcome the gender gap in promotions, measures to support work-life balance and to review gender-biased organizational structures andpractices are being implemented. Our results suggest that in addition to these measures, those to remove unconcerned gender bias are needed.

PO-99 Shin Hyun jun, Chung-Ang University
A Theoretical Examination of Socio-ecological Crises and the Orientation of Eco-Marxist Social Policy

This study aims to point out the contradictions inherent in the production and consumption processes of welfare capitalism that cause socioecological crises and to discuss the orientation of alternative social policies for socio-ecological transition. Eco-Marxism has developed
mainly around the discussions of O'Connor, who focused on value augmentation in the production process, and Agger, who focused on
preference manipulation and development in the consumption process. O'Connor's analysis is significant in that it introduced politicaleconomic analysis and class perspective to the ecological discourse, but it has limitations in that it does not fully capture the transition from alabor society to a consumption society. On the other hand, Agger's analysis is meaningful in that it explains the relationship between workers'
exploitation and increased consumption and reflects the transition to a consumption-centered society, but it has limitations in that it overlooks
the continuity of the production process and work ethic. In this regard, this study comprehensively analyzes the problem of 'alienation' in the
production and consumption processes and critically discusses the limitations of the traditional welfare state and social policy in overcoming
the socio-ecological crisis. Furthermore, it seeks the orientation of alternative social policies that can overcome the socio-ecological crisis
through the recovery of workers' autonomy and sovereignty.

PO-100 YUAN ZHEN, Kobe University
Japanese Single women over 35 years old: the way of life

“It was the best of times, it was the worst of the times”, though we can not make an assertion that the individualized society or the riskysociety has already come, we can tell some traits from the changing of structure of family and the way of life. This study focuses on Japanese
single women over 35 years old, aiming at knowing their ways of life. From October 2023 to April 2024, 6 Japanese single women accepted
the interviews. The analysis of the data of interviews is still on the progress. However, there was a certain word that the interviewees
emphasized when it came to the question that how they think about the way of life as a single woman. The key word is freedom(自由jiyuu).
The freedom to use their times, the freedom to go anywhere they plan to go, the freedom to live a life they expect, the simple word does
means many things.

15

Poster Session Day 1

13 JUNE

PO-101 Angela Miku Cherry, Nihon Fukushi University
Migrant Care Workers in Japan: Support and Supervision beyond the Workplace

Japan, while denying to be a country of immigration, has been expanding its recruitment of migrant care workers (MCWs). With four
coexisting work permits, an increasing number of MCWs, and the impact of the pandemic lingering, Japan’s lagging policies surrounding
MCWs face a great challenge. Research and discussions on MCWs in Japan have largely focused on retention rates and issues that come with
globalising care settings. This paper aims to look at MCWs’ lives and experiences beyond their workplaces.
Semi-structured interviews and fieldwork were conducted from 2022 to 2023 with 11 MCWs, focusing on their private lives and relations
with employers. Interviews were also conducted with persons on the receiving side, such as the employer and the staff of intermediaryorganizations, on whom the responsibilities of hosting MCWs mainly fall.

The findings indicate a generous support by the employers and the intermediary organizations on the one hand, while on the other hand, alimited community for MCWs. Many MCWs worked in rural areas, and some had to rely on their employers for mobility. In some cases,
their private lives were subjected to supervision, due to the requirement of a certain work permit or employers’/ intermediary organizations’perception of young MCWs as needing protection and supervision. The pandemic exacerbated these situations and posed a challenge both on
the MCWs and on the receiving side. While support is necessary for a responsible recruitment, the question of who should provide it and towhat extent is appropriate should be considered.

PO-102 Kaori Katada, Hosei University

Reconsidering the Criminalization of Poverty from the Perspective of Familialism: An analysis of the punitive approachin anti-poverty policy in Japan

In this presentation, we delve into the multifaceted discourse surrounding the "criminalization of poverty." Firstly, we delineate theconventional discussions on this topic, delineating four main areas of focus. These encompass the direct criminalization of being poor itself in
consumer society within sociological theory, criminalization linked to urban poverty forms as explored in urban sociology, secondary
criminalization stemming from poverty within critical criminology, and the criminalization of welfare utilization within social policy andwelfare studies.

Our emphasis lies particularly on the fourth aspect, examining how Japan has witnessed a surge in this form of criminalization since the1990s through anti-poverty policy reforms. This evolution is characterized by heightened crackdowns on benefit fraud and an increased
emphasis on familial responsibilities. Notably, individuals can now face prosecution for welfare fraud, with a growing emphasis on familial
support preceding state welfare assistance.

Importantly, we underscore the significance of integrating a familial perspective into the discourse, which is often absent in Western-centric
analyses of the criminalization of poverty. Understanding Japan's punitive approach to anti-poverty policies necessitates recognizing thereinforcement of familialism within its socio-political landscape. This insight underscores the need for broader comparative studies,transcending the Western European context, to comprehensively understand the dynamics of criminalization or poverty worldwide.

In essence, our presentation illuminates the evolving landscape of ‘criminalization of poverty’, highlighting Japan's unique trajectory andadvocating for a more inclusive approach to research in this domain.

16

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PO-03 Lijing Yang, Nanjing University
Still Doing ‘Housework’ at Workplace? A Qualitative Research on Division of Labor, Gendered Practices andPromotion Constraints of Female Police Officers in China

This paper focuses on how female police officers in China arrange and imagine their career development in a highly masculine culture andhow to respond to the social expectation of women. Through in-depth interviews and observation of 32 policewomen in a provincial capital
city in southern China, this paper finds that Chinese policewomen significantly embody the gender traits that this paper summarizes as‘danwei’ female subjectivity. In the post-socialist market reform era, the police department has gone through significant changes, undertaking
greater economic monitoring and social service functions, including more office work, with an increasing emphasis on the harmonious
relationship between the police and public or service-oriented work. These changes have led to a larger number of policewomen, but have not
led to a more equitable division of labor due to the persistence of familial norms of womanhood and the enduring police service performance
evaluation system that prioritizes crime-fighting tasks over public-service duties. Against this backdrop, we find that policewomen display acertain degree of flexibility, skillfully utilizing certain feminine traits in terms of the features of tasks while maintaining a non-feminine andphysically robust outlook. This qualitative study seeks to contribute to studies on the gender division of labor by examining how Chinese
policewomen cope with the competing roles of being a POLICE and a WOMAN.

Teppei Sekimizu, Meiji Gakuin University; Sachiko Horiguchi, Temple University;
Kiwako Endo, Kinjo Gakuin University; Ju Kaneko, Meiji Gakuin University
Reimagining the relationships between social withdrawal and social security: A comparison between Japan andGermany
PO-07

This paper aims to investigate how individuals suffering from social withdrawal, termed “hikikomori” in Japan, manifest within societies
with varying social security systems. Following psychiatrist Tamaki Saito’s hypothetical argument, in cultures emphasizing familial support
like Japan, hikikomori tends to rely on their families long-term. In contrast, in individualistic societies where adults are expected to fend forthemselves, those who suffer from social isolation may end up homeless.
This study develops Saito’s hypothesis and asks how the phenomenon of social withdrawal (hikikomori) relates to welfare systems,
especially family support and social security provisions. We draw on data from interviews with 6 personal assistance workers in Japan andGermany respectively. In our interviews, we presented a three-stage vignette depicting a typical Japanese hikikomori case (a man who stays
jobless and remains dependent on his family until his 50s) and asked how common the case is and what welfare provisions may be available
at each stage.

We found that hikikomori cases were perceived as common in Japan but less familiar in Germany. In Japan, family support was expected,
with limited access to social welfare like public assistance. In contrast, in Germany, those struggling with social withdrawal usually utilized
basic income support for jobseekers to live independently with less dependency on families. We found, however, the problem of social
isolation, also exist in Germany. Despite its limitations, our study sheds light on the impacts that different social security systems make on
the manifestations of social isolation.

Tan Zhi Han, National University of Singapore (NUS);
Goh Mingyuan, Asher, Gerard Chung, National University of Singapore
From Childhood Adversities to Employment Outlook: Policy Implications for Enhancing Young Workers' Workplace
Well-being in Singapore
PO-13

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have emerged as a key research area, unveiling the profound impact of early life events on adult
health and well-being. Our study aims to investigate the association between ACEs, health, and work-related functioning of young workers in
Singapore. We explore the impact of ACEs on three outcomes—self-efficacy, optimism, and job security—through the mediating effects ofsubjective physical health and mental health. Through this analysis, our longitudinal study provides an understanding of how childhood
adversities can influence these outcomes of young workers in their professional environment in a post-pandemic context.
Approximately 59% of our sample reported experiencing at least one ACE. The ACE prevalence was higher among workers with lower
education levels, lower-wage earners, females, and younger workers. ACEs negatively impacted workers' physical health and mental health.
Physical health was associated with lower self-efficacy, while depressive symptoms were linked to lower levels of optimism and job security.
Statistically significant indirect pathways indicated that ACEs influenced these three outcomes through the mediating effects of subjective
physical and mental health.

Our study highlights the importance of understanding the long-term effects of ACEs on workers' well-being and functioning, offeringvaluable insights for Singapore’s national well-being strategy, which aims to develop interventions that prevent discrimination and integrate
workers with mental health conditions at the workplace. Our findings suggest that current measures should go beyond stigma reduction andmental health literacy education to address such upstream risk factors of poor mental health among workers, to promote greater inclusivity
and productivity.

17

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PO-17 Ruta Braziene, Lithuanian Social Science Centre, Institute of Sociology; Sonata Vysniauskiene
Youth Life Chances Differentiation and Implementation of the European Pillar of Social Rights in Lithuania

This paper examines the subjective attitudes towards life chances of the Lithuanian youth (aged 18-35) in the context of the European pillarof social rights (education and employment opportunities, housing conditions, etc.). Based on the concept of life chances introduced by M.
Weber (1920) (cited by Grusky 2001), the theoretical aspects of life chances are analyzed. The theoretical construct at the micro level isbased on the following theoretical approaches: life course theory (Brady, 2018; Jones, 2019, etc.), employment quality and security(Braziene, 2020, Barbieri, 2009; Kalleberg, 2009), subjective well-being and health (Diener, 2009), economic independence, and autonomy(Baranowska-Rataj et al., 2015; Walther, 2006, etc.), socioeconomic situation (Nolan and Whelan, 1996) and family socioeconomic
background (Munro, 2019; Cho, Brand 2019; Bourdieu, 1984, etc.). For the survey research, life chances dimensions were distinguished:individual socio-demographic characteristics; family/household characteristics; parents' family characteristics and status; work, employment,
and career opportunities; income and material; learning, study, and training opportunities; subjective welfare and health; autonomy (housing,financial, decision making, etc.). The total number of primary indicators was 367. Based on the survey research in 2023 (N=1209) results,
differentiation of youth life chances indexes was constructed. The indexes reveal the diversity of youth life chances (age, gender, education,
regional, employment status, etc.). The results of this study demonstrate the differentiation of young people's life chances and allow thedevelopment of public policy recommendations and methodologies for stakeholders to enable more complex planning, addressing, andimprovement of the implementation of the European pillar of social rights at a national and regional level. This research is funded by the
Lithuanian Science Council project " Socio-economic Factors of Youth Life Chances Differentiation in Lithuania" (Reg. No. S-MIP-22-42,
contract date 2022-03-18).

PO-19 Kae Ito, Shuji Tsuda, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
Understanding and Reducing Social Distance Towards People Living with Dementia

Background: Stigma poses a significant barrier to people living with dementia (PLWD) ageing in place (Tornicroft., 2022). As societal norms
shift towards reduced acceptability of expressing prejudice against PLWD, there is a growing recognition of the disconnect between verbal
expressions and actual behavior. Aim: This study focuses on social distance, the behavioral manifestation of stigma. Our aim is to elucidate
the factors influencing social distance among community-dwelling adults towards PLWD, specifically considering the clinical stage andsymptoms of dementia. Method: An online survey employing vignette methodology targeted community-dwelling adults in Japan. Vignettes
depicted older women with varying stages of dementia, presence of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), and living
arrangements. Results: A total of 2589 participants aged 40 to 90 completed the survey. Social distance was found to be lowest for vignette A(without BPSD, living with family caregiver) and highest for vignette D (with BPSD, living alone). For vignette A, high social capital was
independently associated with lower social distance across all dementia stages (p<0.001). Additionally, exposure to dementia education was
associated with decreased social distance in moderate-stage dementia (p<0.05). For vignette D, contact with PLWD (p<0.01) and high social
capital (p<0.05) were independently associated with lower social distance across all dementia stages. Conclusion: Education may effectively
reduce social distance towards PLWD without BPSD, while fostering contact with PLWD is crucial for diminishing social distance towards
those with BPSD. These findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions to address stigma and improve social inclusion for
PLWD.

PO-21 Yudai, Miyake, Ochanomizu University
Research on the enrolment in higher education and continuing studies for students from households receiving public
assistance.

In Japan, the percentage of young people from households on public assistance (Seikatsu-Hogo) entering higher education is lower thanoverall enrollment rates. One of the reasons for this is that it is not permitted to go to higher education while receiving public assistance. Ifthey want to go on to higher education from households on public assistance, they must either move out of their family or “household
division (Setai-Bunri)”. Therefore, individuals from households on public assistance need to prepare for tuition fees and other living costs
after the “household division” by means other than public assistance. However, there are few benefits or support available to them.

Drawing on in-depth interviews with two students from a household receiving public assistance, the research explores, firstly, the students’experiences of higher education enrollment and, secondly, how the students managed to maintain student life with limited resources.

In doing so, this research shows that policies for widening access to higher education are considered to have reduced economic barriers. On
the other hand, even in deviant cases (where the situation is favourable in some respects), the research shows that there are potential risks incontinuing learning.

PO-25 Fang-Yi Huang, Soochow University; Jiun-Da Lin, National Taiwan University
Explaining gender-sensitive measures for COVID-19: the role of Women’s transnational organizations

Many studies show that COVID-19 pandemic has negative impacts on gender equality. To respond the crisis, many countries adopted
gender-sensitive measures to address the challenges women encountered. However, the number of gender-sensitive measures varied widely
across countries. This study aims to explain why some countries have more gender-sensitive measures for COVID-19 while others do not.
This article argues that Women’s transnational organizations affect countries’ responses to COVID-19. By analyzing data from 147 countries
during COVID-19 through Poisson regression models, this study finds that the involvement of women’s international organizations in acountry has a significantly positive association with the number of gender-sensitive measures for COVID-19.

18

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PO-27 ONO, Taichi, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS)
Formulating Social Security in Post-WWII Japan – The Advisory Council on Social Security and Its Key Experts

This paper is based on a published book in 2022 (*) to introduce global academic community on social security about its historicaldevelopment in Japan by shedding light on the “Advisory Council on Social Security” (hereafter, “the Council”), which is a governmentalorganization that were established in 1948 based on the recommendation of the General Headquarters of the Allied Forces, and have existed
until January, 2001. The Council has assumed quite an important role for the policy formulation of social security throughout its history, withchanging its roles according to the development of social security scheme itself as well as the social and political environment surroundingsocial security. The first part of the paper will introduce how the Council has contributed to the development of social security in post WWIIJapan, and how its unique design and logistics affected to such contribution. The second part of the paper will analyze the doctrine on social
security of several key academic members of the Council, and how such doctrine has been incorporated to various recommendations by theCouncil and has affected to the actual formulation of social security programs. This paper will provide valuable lessons about the mutualinteraction between the policy-making process and doctrine upon formulation of social security policy, as well as the importance ofinterdisciplinary analysis to understand social security comprehensively.

(*) Ono, Taichi [2022], “Formulating Social Security in Post-WWII Japan – The Advisory Council on Social Security and Its Key Experts”,
University of Tokyo Press (in Japanese)

PO-29 Karel Van den Bosch, University of Antwerp
The Gender Pension Gap in the European Union: the impact of past gender labour market inequalities and of pension
systems

The Gender Pension Gap (GPG) in the EU amounts to 26% in 2022, with much variation across countries. The GPG is defined by thedifference between the average pensions (first, second and third pillar) of men and women of 65 and over, divided by the average pension ofmen.
Several previous studies have noted that the GPG is the result of gender labour market inequalities in the past. However, this study is the first
one to explore systematically for the EU as a whole the relationship between the current GPG and labour market inequalities in the same age
cohort when it was below 65. It is found that the variation in the current GPG across EU Member States is largely determined by the pastgender employment gap. The wide gender part-time work gap in some EU countries also makes a significant contribution. There is only aweak correlation between the past gender pay gap and the GPG.

The impact of several aspects of pension systems is also investigated, using the Theoretical Replacement Rates published in the EU’s Pension
Adequacy Report of 2022. These aspects include: explicit gendered legislation, indexation of existing pensions, child care provisions,redistribution and survivor pensions. It is found that the redistributive capacity of pensions systems has a substantial mitigating effect on the
GPG.

PO-30 Marius Olivier, Nelson Mandela University; North-West University
Cancelled

PO-31

Merita Mesiäislehto, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare; Sanni Välimäki; Mia Hakovirta

Cancelled

PO-32 Fen ling Chen, National Taipei University
New Welfare Productivism? Social Policies for the Pandemic in North-east Asia

The COVID-19 pandemic, one of the greatest public health, social and economic challenges in history, has changed our lives dramaticallysince the beginning of 2020. Its impacts on economy, employment and health are global concerns. North-east Asia countries face the samechallenges though their confirmed cases were not as many as that in other parts of the world. There are homogeneities among countries inNorth-east Asia Region. Almost all of them were under the influence of the Confucius teaching, so that their people are generally gentle andtend to obey the regulations of the government. Moreover, they all belong to “Productivism Welfare Regimes,” i.e., welfare policies are used
to support the development of economic policies. Families are main providers for caring the welfare of family members. Residual welfare
models are prevailing, cash transfers are rare. However, can the original welfare model deals with this new social risk in the area of Northeast Asia where are comparative active in the economy in Asia?

International Council of Social Welfare (ICSW), began from 1928, is a consulting international non-governmental organization of Union
Nations, European Union and etc. It has 9 branch regions and North-east Asia region includes Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong andMongolia. We hold a lot of region conferences to discuss the challenges and social policies during the pandemics in every member
countries/areas during 2020-2022. We observe that some new social policies were introduced by our member countries/areas to deal with thefamily economies caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is a good opportunity to discuss the changing welfare regime in North-east
Asia Region during and after the COVID-19 pandemic and to observe how the governments faced the huge challenges.
Keywords: Social Policies, Covid-19 Pandemic, North-east Asia, ICSW

19

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PO-33 Chie MATSUTANI, Iwate Prefectural University; Manami Sando
The problems for people with disabilities in making ends meet when losing their parents support in Japan

In 2022, the United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities pointed out that Japanese disability pensions are
significantly lower than the average income of citizens. In addition, few disability pensioners can earn the national average wage. As a result,people with severe disabilities in particular are forced to depend on their families well into adulthood. According to the national survey'Living Difficulties of People with Disabilities', which aims to capture the actual living conditions and needs of people with disabilities athome, more than 50% of respondents said they lived with their parents. However, this situation tends to be seen as a matter of course and ishardly seen as a problem until the parent dies. Thus, there are many difficulties for people with disability to continue to live in the same way
after the death of a parent as they did when their parent was present. Because of this situation, the term 'life after parental death' is often used
to explain this serious concern for parents. It could be said that many parents of people with disabilities still recognise that it is their
responsibility to care for their children even after their parents have died. This report discusses the problem of people with disabilities inJapan who have to rely on their parents' assets to make ends meet after their parents' death, focusing on the current system.

PO-35 Oguz Karadeniz, Pamukkale University
Extending to social security coverage and coping with undeclared work for the Syrian Refugees Case of Türkiye

As a result of the conflicts in Syria, nearly four million Syrians have taken refuge in Turkey in the last thirteen years. Approximately half ofSyrians are of working age.
The aim of the study is to determine the position of Syrian refugees in the labour market, to identify problems in social security employment
of Syrians and to offer solutions for their registered employment. In the study, the situation of Syrians in the labour market was tried to be
determined by using the Turkish Statistical Institute Household Labor Statistics (2011-2022), fatal work accident statistics (2018-2023) andwork permits statistics (2011-2022), and the surveys conducted on labour and social security inspectors within the scope of the ILO's
Registered Employment Promotion project (2018-2021). Besides, the reasons Syrians work unregistered were examined.

According to Turkish Labour and Social Security Law, foreigners who do not have a work permit are also included under the social security
umbrella. Syrian refugees under temporary protection in Turkey benefit from almost all the social security rights that Turkish citizens have.
On the other hand, Syrian refugees' low awareness of social security, not knowing Turkish, concerns about cutting off the social integration
aid they receive, and working in irregular jobs may cause them to work unregistered.

In order to encourage the registered employment of Syrians, there are need to some practices such as; issue work permits exemption, toincrease their awareness of social security, to eliminate language barriers, to continue ALMP and reorganizing their social assistances
eligibility criteria.

PO-36 Shin Yamada, Hiroshima Shudo University
Cancelled

PO-37 HUANG, Guan, Changzhou University; Chen
A Study on the Model Design for Industrial Upgrade of Mutual Aid Elderly Care Driven by Blockchain Technology

In recent years, the aging population has posed significant challenges to traditional elderly care models, necessitating innovative solutions.
The mutual aid elderly care system emerges as a groundbreaking approach, leveraging technology to foster a collaborative and efficient
ecosystem for eldercare. This paper introduces a comprehensive mutual aid system that integrates several key components to enhance thedelivery and accessibility of elderly care services. The system comprises user registration and authentication processes to establish trust andsecurity, a service marketplace for diverse elderly care services, provider verification to ensure quality, token distribution to incentivize
participation, smart contracts for transaction security and efficiency, a reputation and rating system for transparency and informed decisionmaking, and a token exchange platform for economic fluidity. By employing blockchain technology and smart contracts, the system promises
to revolutionize elderly care by creating a sustainable, community-driven model that supports the elderly population while rewarding
participants for their contributions. This article outlines the structure and functionality of the mutual aid elderly care system, highlighting its
potential to address the growing demands of elderly care in an innovative and socially inclusive manner.

PO-38 Wong Yu Cheung, Saint Francis University
Employment and Well-being: A Study on the Impact of Work on the Quality of Life of Low-Income Elderly Workers inHong Kong

As documented in the literature, it has been discovered that being forced into employment due to financial necessity in old age can have
limited, if not negative, effects. This situation can be particularly challenging for older workers who are compelled to engage in physicallydemanding work with limited resources.
Our study with a representative sample (N=540) of low-income older persons reveals that the majority of employed low-income older
workers are primarily driven to work due to financial necessity. Approximately half of these employed individuals have experienced job
strain, which measures whether their available resources can adequately compensate for the stress induced by their job demands.

Interestingly, our findings also suggest that those who are employed generally have higher levels of well-being and life satisfaction comparedto those who are not. However, this benefit does not extend to those who are forced into high-strain jobs due to financial necessity. The
highest benefits were observed among those who did not work solely out of financial necessity and experienced less job strain.
Given that most low-income older individuals possess limited employment skills, transitioning to less demanding jobs can be challenging
unless there is a favourable labor market situation. Instead, employers could provide better resource support, such as increased flexibility andautonomy at work, more teamwork opportunities, and improved training. These measures could help reduce job strain and enhance the wellbeing and life satisfaction of these older workers.
20

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PO-39 Natacha Aveline-Dubach, Raksha Mahtani, Kamalika Banerjee, CNRS @ Create, Singapore
Contrasting biosecurity approaches for dengue in Singapore's residential landscapes

The incidence of dengue fever has surged in recent decades under climate change, affecting more than 100 countries worldwide, including
Singapore, where dengue is endemic. Decades of mosquito control efforts in the city-state have significantly reduced the magnitude of
dengue outbreaks. However, prevention measures aimed at reducing mosquito breeding is not uniformly enforced across all residential areas.
This study compares biosecurity approaches to dengue in public housing estates (HDBs) and condominium enclaves, drawing on door-todoor semi-structured interviews with residents and in-depth interviews with representatives from public agencies and private companies
involved in residential space design and management. Adopting an urban political ecology (UPE) perspective, which views urbanization as a"political ecological process" and considers cultural perceptions of nature (Swyngedouw, 1996, our research examines HDBs andcondominiums as socionatural spaces to analyze state resources and control intensity, as well as residents' risk perceptions and behaviours
towards dengue. The findings suggest that while biosecurity measures promote self-reliance among all residents (through fines, island-wide
information dissemination, or banners) there exists a significant disparity in locally implemented measures between the two residential
landscapes. Condominium occupants experience notably lower levels of dengue surveillance and encounter less pressure on self-reliance andself-policing, despite facing heightened dengue risks due to features like pools and abundant foliage in their precincts. Consequently, they
contribute to at least four times more fogging than HDB residents, leading to increased mosquito resistance to chemical products andhindering plant pollination. These results highlight the significance of incorporating the housing market in UPE perspectives.

PO-47 WENJU CHEN, National Taipei University
An Exploratory Study on Employment Recovery Capital in Taiwan: Motivation of Hiring Drug users from the
Perspective of Employers of Small and Micro-Enterprises

Purpose: Drug users often face pressure and discrimination when trying to find work in the competitive job market. This research aims tounderstand how small business owners are motivated to hire drug users and recommend employment policies for drug users in Taiwan.
Method: This is a qualitative study and analyzed by thematic analysis approach. Informant must be over 20 years old and have experience
employing drug users. 16 employers were interviewed from January to December 2023.
Results: Motivation of employers is ground into four categories. Equality: employers believe everyone makes mistakes and deserve a second
chance. Similarity: employers have lower prejudice and discrimination resulting of believing drug users belong to the same social-class asthem. Controllability: compare to the people with no crime, employers can use official judicial and harm reduction resources easier to prevent
deviant. Generativity: as a modern citizen and producer, employers wish to balance personal and social productive interest andresponsibilities.
Conclusions: Different from the past employment policies invested more resources in medium and large enterprises, the study has addressed
the kindness of small business owners. Taiwanese government should recognize employment as a comprehensive rehabilitation strategy, andmake flexible employment policies for individuals undergoing drug treatment, encompassing deferred prosecution and incarceration.
Although micro-discrimination of drug users in the workplace persists, the concept of generativity of employers' life-course can mitigate it.
Therefore, engage employers as pivotal partners of building employment recovery capital is crucial, and more risk management and harm
reduction education are needed.

PO-48 Steve K.L. Chan, Keimyung University; Charles N.C. Wong, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Monopolizing the policy problem identification under the period of instability– Borders reopening policy of Hong Kongand Singapore in the post-COVID-19 Era

In the early stages of the post-COVID-19 era, many countries struggled to reopen borders for international visitors. However, the lack of aclear pandemic endpoint created significant challenges. Existing literature suggests that policymaking in hybrid regimes becomes lessresponsive to competing interests during periods of instability and uncertainty. This paper utilizes a comparative case study of Hong Kongand Singapore to explore how hybrid regimes struggle to adapt to the reopening of international borders. Our findings demonstrate that, under
the lens of punctuated equilibrium theory (PET), hybrid regimes struggle to maintain top-down leadership while encountering a rapidlychanging external environment. PET posits that periods of stability (e.g., lockdowns during the COVID-19 peak) are punctuated by momentsof rapid decline in infections, triggering public pressure for relaxation, including border reopening. However, the inherent uncertainty andinstability of this transition period exposed a sudden weakness in the dominant power's ability to define policy problems and set publicagendas. This highlights the conflicting values between political leaders and the public, while also revealing a potential area of convergence
between the two parties.

PO-50 Yu-Te Huang, the University of Hong Kong
Relational Well‐Being Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Young Adults in Taiwan: Before and After the Legalizationof Same‐Sex Marriage

Introduction: On May 24, 2019, Taiwan became the first country in Asia to legalize marriage between two same-sex adults. While increasing
research has been conducted in western countries to document the health and mental health effects of same-sex marriage (SSM) legalization
for sexual minorities (i.e., lesbian, gay, and bisexual [LGB]), less is known about the contribution of this policy reform regarding family andmarriage to relational well-being stemming from a reciprocal, authentic, and supportive relationship. Such a focus on relationship-level
outcomes is particularly relevant to this study in Taiwan, where a person’s sense of well-being heavily relies on family relationships andsocial harmony.
Methods: Fifteen self-identified LGB adults participated in in-depth interviews, once before(April2019)and once after(May 2020)
implementation of the legislation, to describe the immediate changes they experienced or observed over this period. Results Thematic
analysis identified various effects of SSM legalization in fostering their self-acceptance and disclosure, prospect of romantic relationships,
openness and closeness with parents, and visibility and public acceptance of LGB people that contributed to their relational well-being as asexual minority in Taiwanese society.

Conclusion Through the lens of relational well-being, this study adds a novel and culture-specific insight to contemporary discussion about
the consequence of marriage equality and provides important evidence for policymakers, researchers, and activists.

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PO-52 Kim Kwok, City University of Hong Kong
Community matters: Barriers and opportunities to sexual health of migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong

Female migrant workers form a substantial portion of the global migrant workforce and research indicates they are vulnerable to sexual
exploitation and barriers to sexual and reproductive healthcare. This paper investigates the perceptions, barriers and opportunities to sexual
health experienced by young female migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong. The study adopted a rights-based perspective, employing
qualitative methods for data collection, including focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews with 22 female migrants working as
domestic workers. Results indicate that young migrant workers’ sexual healthcare perceptions and behaviors are shaped by various
interconnected factors at four distinct levels: individual, interpersonal, social and community, and sociocultural and sociopolitical. This study
adds to the existing literature by shedding light on certain perspectives that have not been given due emphasis in comparable studies. First, ithighlights the importance of migrant community as barrier as well as opportunity in promoting positive health-seeking behaviors in a
culturally acceptable manner. Second, it underscores the interplay between structural forces and individual and group-level vulnerability,emphasizing the need to address structural factors to eliminate young migrants’ internalized vulnerability. Third, it draws attention to thepositive dimensions of sexual experiences as a motivator for proactive health-seeking and the intricate relationship between cultural practices
and positive sexuality. This article recommends a proactive approach of migrant communities to address sexual healthcare issues while publichealthcare institutions should proactively provide accessible sexual healthcare information and services.

PO-55 Rong-Fuh Day, National Chi Nan University; Shu-Yun Wu, National Chi Nan University
Cancelled

PO-58 HE FANGRONG, Korea University ; Yongho Chon, Incheon National University
Cancelled

PO-59 Qi Wang, Lingnan University
Cancelled

PO-61 Dongshu Ou, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Dan Sun
Maternal education and family investments in adolescents’ human capital

We study the impact of maternal education on the home environment quality for Chinese teenagers using the China Education Panel Survey(CEPS). Our results show a significant positive impact of maternal education on the family’s monetary investment on children’s after-school
activities. While we did not find any effects on mothers’ total child care time, we found that mothers with more education reduce their time of
direct physical care of household children but increase mother-child interactions in terms of helping children with homework and playing
with them. We also find positive spillover effects of maternal education on fathers’ and grandparents’ time spent with children. Such impactsof maternal education are greater for daughters, who on average receive less family resources and time inputs from family members than sonsdo. Our results are robust to several sensitivity checks. We discuss policy implication on poverty reduction and relate our findings to theliterature on intergenerational transmission of human capital.

PO-62 Dongshu Ou, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Zitong Wang, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Four decades of educational mobility

Our paper documents the degree of intergenerational transmission of education over the last four decades in Hong Kong using the Hong
Kong Census from 1981 to 2021. In particular, we investigate whether parent-child educational persistence differ for sons and daughters andhow such difference has evolved over time. Besides gender differentiation, our study examines the heterogeneous effects of intergenerational
education mobility, in terms of immigration status, as well as at different levels of education. We found that the intergenerational education
persistence has decreased over the years in Hong
Kong and the intergenerational education mobility is higher for daughters than for sons. The father-son association is stronger than motherdaughter association in educational persistence until 2021. Even though second-generation Mainlander immigrants have a higher
intergenerational education mobility than Hong Kon natives, native Hong Kong with better parental educational background seems to havethe best chance to move upward in their educational attainment. We discuss our results in relationship wtih Hong Kong’s education
expansion policies in the past three decades and benefits of the increased educational opportunities.

22

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PO-65 Cheong Hay CHU, Saint Francis University; Yida, Yee Ha CHUNG, Saint Francis University
The Changing Landscape of Online Gambling: Insights from a Hong Kong Case Study

The high mobile penetration rate and the wide internet coverage of Hong Kong have led to speculation about an increasing number of online
gamblers and an escalating negative impact on health. A case study using in-depth interview was conducted to uncover the nature of online
gambling behaviours in Hong Kong. Eleven individuals receiving gambling counselling services from a social service agency were invited toshare their online gambling experience. Their caseworkers and the close family members/ friends of seven of these cases were interviewed toprovide alternative perspectives and triangulate the findings. The results indicated that the frequent advertisements on entertainment apps,
along with related free gifts/ rebates, were effective in attracting newcomers. The easy accessibility and immediate availability of online
gambling were appealing to the audience. The convenience of gambling online, a low threshold level, the possibility of deferred payment,
multiple payment means, and the ease of shifting from one type of gambling activities to another were some other factors. An interestingobservation was that because of the hidden nature of online gambling, many family members remained unaware of the online gambling issue
until the last moment. They had limited knowledge on how to address the problem. Frequent quarrels and disputes among the online
gamblers and their family members were unproductive for rehabilitation. In addition to promoting various supporting services via community
education, policymakers should consider reviewing social policies and imposing measures to regulate websites and minimize online
gambling promotion.

PO-66 Cheong Hay CHU, Saint Francis University; Michael Sik Wai LAU, Saint Francis University
Perceived Academic Stress in Social Work First Placement: Challenges and Opportunities

Fieldwork is widely recognized as the signature pedagogy in social work education. However, some social work students experiencesignificant stress during their placements. In response, we conducted a mixed-method study to explore the academic stress perceived by
students, their satisfaction, and the impact on their professional identity during their first placement. A total of 399 students participated in aself-administered survey. Subsequently, 30 students who exhibited higher levels of academic stress were interviewed. Our findings revealed
that students faced a moderate to high level of academic stress. The sources of stress and dissatisfaction related to placement included heavy
workloads, the challenge of balancing study and fieldwork, inadequate preparation, insufficient school support, and limited training
opportunities. Interviews echoed survey results, highlighting students’ struggles with managing extensive paperwork within tight deadlines.
The situation was further complicated when students had to juggle both study commitments and fieldwork. Some students reported feelingill-prepared for fieldwork due to insufficient prior training. Notably, the stress experienced also impacted students’ mental well-being. The
mean score on the General Health Questionnaire indicated slightly worsened mental health. Despite these challenges, students demonstrated astrong professional identity following their placement. They expressed a deeper understanding of field concerns and a clearer vision of their
future careers. Given that high academic stress diminishes satisfaction with placements and erodes professional identity, we recommend
strengthening placement preparatory work, particularly in time and task management; increasing school support to students; and optimizing
workload.

PO-68 Raksha Kirpal Mahtani, CNRS @ Create, Singapore
Cancelled

PO-85 Hiroshi KOJIMA, Waseda University
Policy-Related Correlates of COVID-19 Infection among Foreign Residents in JapanThe Japanese Government had a peculiar set of policy measures against the COVID-19 pandemic, while the implementation of healthmeasures has been delegated to prefectural governments. The governments’ health measures should affect health-related behaviors amongresidents including foreigners. The presenter had an opportunity to access the SRC (Survey Research Center) 2023 survey of foreign
residents by joining the FY2023 Secondary Analysis Research Group (SSJDA, University of Tokyo). The purpose of this study is to assess
the effects of policy-related correlates (including the residence in large metropolitan areas) on the experience of COVID-19 infection among
foreign residents, drawing on the logit analysis of the SRC data set.

The results indicate that the residence in Tokyo and Osaka Metropolitan Areas (OMA) do not have any significant effects on infection, while
OMA has a large effect on the experience of confirmed close contact with the infected. Policy-related correlates with positive effects on
infection include visits to clinics or pharmacies when sick, while those with negative effects comprise of difficulties in understanding
COVID-19 information and being insured by the National Health Insurance. After the deletion of the dummy variable for OMA, the effectsof all the other correlates hardly change, possibly because OMA does not have any significant effects on infection, while it may have anindirect effect through the experience of confirmed close contact. The correlates with positive effects in OMA include Taiwanese nationality,
other types of health insurance, no visit to clinics or pharmacies when sick, sports as recreation, learning Japanese through correspondence orother methods, and regular body temperature check for prevention.

23

Poster Session Day 2
14 JUNE
PO-86 Jung Min Park, Ho Jun Park, Ah Reum Baek, Seoul National University
Changes in Subjective Well-being in South Korea from 2006 to 2022: Focusing on the Age, Period, Cohort Effects

This study examines the changes in subjective well-being in South Korea over the last 16 years, focusing on the age, period, and cohort
effects. Data were drawn from the Korea Welfare Panel Study from 2006 to 2022, and the sample includes 168,868 cases.
The analysis was based on the age-period-cohort(APC) model, and a generalized additive regression was used to analyze the variations inage, period and cohort effects in subjective well-being measured by life satisfaction, happiness and depressive symptoms.
The key findings are as follows: First, while life satisfaction gradually decreases with age, it decreases in the middle-aged than the younger
group and then increases in the older group when controlled socioeconomic characteristics. Second, while recent birth cohorts report higher
life satisfaction the 1960s birth cohort showed lower life satisfaction compared to earlier and later cohorts. Third, depressive symptoms have
gradually declined. Females were more likely to report depressive symptoms as they age, while males show signs of depressive symptoms
from middle age. Adults in low-income groups show increased depressive symptoms from middle age. The age, period, and cohort effects
vary depending on socioeconomic conditions.
The findings of this study illustrate disparities by age-period-cohort effects in subjective well-being in South Korea. They also demonstrateheterogeneity based on demographic and socioeconomic conditions within the same age group, period, or cohort.

PO-92 Liu Yi, Dalian University of Technology; Wang Huanming
Capacity building preferences for community resilience: a Q methodology study on community governors through the
pandemic in China

This article explores the issue of community resilience in response to emergencies and disasters, particularly in the context of the COVID-19
outbreak, China. While previous research has proposed suggestions for situational factors that contribute to community resilience, there has
been little focus on the capacity-building preferences of community governors and their mindset regarding the necessary actions during apublic health emergency. To address this gap, the study presents a normative framework for conceptualizing capacity-building preferences tobuild up community resilience. Using the Q methodology, the researchers analyzed the preferences of 32 representative community
governors from 2021-2022, identifying four types of cognitive aggregation: timely response, authority compliance, procedure adherence, andresponsive governance. The findings suggest that community governors with similar cognitive features should be integrated to build up
community resilience and tailor emergency responses to local circumstances. The study contributes to the resilience literature by bridging the
gap between theoretical frameworks and governing practices.

PO-94 Xue BAI, Jiajia ZHOU, Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Did Childhood Abuse Influence Older Adults’ Care Expectation and Formal Care: The Roles of Family Functioning
and Care Preparation

Objectives: The influence of childhood abuse could be lasting and extensive. This study aims to examine the associations between childhood
abusive experiences (i.e., physical abuse, emotional abuse, and bully victimization) and ageing adults’ care expectation and formal care inlater life, as well as the potential mechanism of the associations. Methods: This study used data from the Panel Study of Ageing and Society(PAAS) in Hong Kong, with 5,007 participants aged 50 and over included in the study. Path analyses were performed to examine the direct
effects of abusive experiences in childhood on future care expectation and formal care, and the indirect effects through serial mediators offamily functioning and care preparation. Results: Ageing adults experiencing more childhood abuse were less likely to report care
expectation in the future ( = -0.051, p < 0.01), and the direct effects ( = -0.042, p < 0.05) and indirect effects ( = -0.009, p < 0.05) fromthe serial mediation were significant. Among those people reported clear care expectation, they were more likely to choose formal care if
they had more abusive experiences in childhood ( = 0.049, p < 0.05), from which the association was largely explained by decreased family
functioning and more care preparation ( = 0.042, p < 0.001). Discussion: This study represents the first attepmt to examine the conection
between childhood abuse and late-life care expectation. From a lifecourse perspective, it encourages more considerations regarding care
preparation and formal care among people with the history of childhood abuse.

PO-96 Chino YABUNAGA, Toyo University
Anticipation of coparenting among Japanese couples who have had their first child: focusing on family configuration
and work beliefs

Background: Coparenting, which refers to shared parental responsibilities and mutual support between caregivers, is a well-known resource
for families and societies. While the sharing of parental tasks and responsibilities is generally highly valued worldwide, and there is anincreasing number of studies conducted in different countries, the number of studies on Japanese cases remains scarce.
Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse couples' wishes for parental cooperation and their anticipations of sharing parental responsibilities
with others.
Methods: The study is part of an international project "Learning to coparent: A longitudinal, cross-national study on the construction of
coparenting in transition to parenthood". The sample consisted of couples from Japan (n = 20) who participated in two individual semistructured online interviews about their anticipations of future and current coparenting in the third trimester of pregnancy and 18 months
postpartum. Thematic analysis was conducted as an iterative process.
Results: Preliminary analysis showed that mothers' and fathers' anticipations of coparenting were related to beliefs about mothers' or fathers'
working lives and the role they expected to play in the workplace, as well as shared or differentiated roles as parents, good and flexible daily
cooperation, and importance and agency in coparenting.
Conclusions: Changes and differences in coparenting anticipations between before and after childbirth, among different family configurations
and role perceptions at work and in the workplace are highlighted and discussed in terms of cultural ideologies, policy contexts andinstitutional backgrounds.

24

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PO-97 Xue Bai, Jiajia Zhou, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
How Does Childhood Maltreatment Shape Later Life Care Preferences? Serial Mediation Roles of Family Functioning
and Care Preparation

This study examined the relationship between childhood maltreatment and future care preferences among ageing Chinese adults in Hong
Kong, with a specific focus on the serial mediating roles of family functioning and care preparation. This study used data from the 2022
Wave 1 Panel Study of Ageing and Society (PAAS), which comprises a representative sample of 5,007 participants aged 50 years and over inHong Kong. Childhood maltreatment was assessed based on three categories of traumatic events: physical abuse, emotional abuse, andbullying victimization. The path analysis results indicate that exposure to multiple forms of childhood maltreatment is associated with adecreased likelihood of expressing care preferences in later life. Among older adults who did express care preferences, those who
experienced multiple types of maltreatment during childhood showed an increased preference for formal care. Mediation analysis results
show that childhood maltreatment is associated with poorer contemporary family functioning, which subsequently influences engagement incare preparation, thereby increasing the likelihood of preferring formal care. The findings of this study carry significant policy implications
for the development of an inclusive and diverse eldercare system that caters to the unique needs of various older adult groups.

PO-103 Ling GE, Beijing University of Technology; Beijing Social Governance Research Centre
Cancelled

PPO-04 Wenbo ZHANG, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Digital Support and Service Supply Differentiation: A Perspective on Local Practice of the "Aging-Oriented"
Renovation Project

Social welfare services face the cost and effectiveness issues in terms of service organization and delivery in a long time, and thedevelopment of new technologies may bring solutions for the digital welfare services. However, from the current practice, a major challenge
in the development of digital welfare is that the most vulnerable groups are often the most easily excluded from the digital welfare service
system, making it difficult to effectively bridge the gap in service accessibility. In the context of China, there is a clear differentiation indigital support and service supply based on urban-rural or spatial location, which is manifested in various aspects such as digital
infrastructure, basic data management, user digital behavior, and behavioral intervention effects. The underlying influencing factors not only
involve the economic level, but also include institutional, conceptual, and even psychological levels. This study takes the "aging-oriented"
home renovation project as an example to explore the advantages and difficulties of social welfare service practices and digital support oflocal governments at different levels, such as Chengdu and Taicang.

PPO-05 Chunguang WANG, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Digitalization and the Dilemma of Elderly Social Welfare Services

Digitization and the resulting welfare transmission, provision and welfare services have received considerable attention. The general
understanding is that digitization can break down the spatial distance barriers and information barriers in the delivery of welfare services,
promote the precision, segmentation, and intelligence of welfare generation, and increase the tolerance of welfare, which can solve theproblem of elderly people obtaining welfare. However, in reality, people see another aspect of digitalization, which is that the use ofdigitalization requires certain abilities, which leads to insufficient capabilities and the problem of "non-emotional" aspect towards
digitalization when elderly people receive welfare services. Taking the medical treatment, transportation use, and digital library reading ofelderly Chinese as examples, this study will deeply analyze the changes and impacts that digital welfare services have brought to the lives ofthe elderly, in order to identify better ways and mechanisms to promote the digitization of elderly social welfare services more friendly.

PPO-06 Pei Fei, Syracuse University, Falk College; Yixuan Wang, China Youth University of Political Studies
Exploring Intergenerational Conflict in Asian Immigrant Families: The Role of Neighborhood Environment, Cultural
Orientation, and Parenting

Intergenerational conflict is endemic and has substantial individual, familial, and societal consequences. However, few studies discussed theinfluences of the neighborhood environment on intergenerational conflicts among Asian immigrant families. To fill this research gap, thisstudy aims to examine links among neighborhood environment, cultural orientation, parenting stress, social support, and intergenerational
conflicts. Two datasets were used in this secondary data analysis: the 2011-2017 Study of Asian American Families (SAAF) and the 2016
American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates. The sample size is 849. This study found that, for Asian immigrant families, theirliving environment showed a significant influence on their intergenerational conflicts through their cultural orientation, social support, andparenting stress.

Our findings contributed to the existing literature by adding the interactive effects of neighborhood and family-level factors on
intergenerational conflicts, which can inform intervention efforts to foster healthy family relationships among Asian immigrant families. The
findings suggest that attention to the neighborhood environment could be considered for upstream intervention, paired with a direct focus onparental stress and social support, to reduce intergenerational conflict in Asian immigrant families. These results show that the complex
dynamics of neighborhood environment with individual and family characteristics merit greater elaboration to fully understand the factors
affecting intergenerational conflict in Asian immigrant families.

25

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PPO-07 Pei-Yun Yang; Tian-Ming Zhang, Shanghai University
Promoting Recovery: A Photovoice Intervention Among People with Mental Illness in a Chinese Community

Objective: The mental health recovery is based on individual capacity building and environment shaping. This study explored how to apply
photovoice, a community based participatory method, to promote recovery among people with mental illness in a Chinese community.
Methods: Six people with mental illness were recruited from a community day rehabilitation center in Shanghai participated in thirteen
weekly sessions of the photovoice intervention. The participates were asked to take photos of persons or events that related to the elements ofrecovery (e.g., hope, meaning in life) and discussed the meaning of the photos in group session. Totally, there were four stages ofintervention including knowledge training, photo taking, collective interpretation, and public advocacy. A deductive template-analytic
method and participatory data analysis were used to analyze visual data and narratives.

Results: This study showed that the experience of recovery among participants was transformed from passive adaptation to personal mastery.
This transformation was contingent upon four themes including the reconstruction of the meaning of suffering, cultivate the sense of
autonomy and responsibility, the establishment of relationships and social belonging, and turning commitment into action. In this process,participants learn to guide themselves rather than conform, and build an interactive relationship with society, rather than falling into selfisolation.
Conclusions and Implications: The results of this study showed that photovoice empowered participants to generate the awareness of &quot;
what is important in life&quot; and &quot;being social advocates&quot;. Our findings signal the need for policymakers, administrators andresearchers in the mental health field to listen to the “voices” of people with mental illness when design recovery programs.

PPO-08 Katsuhisa KOJIMA, National Institute of Population and Social Security Research
Family caregiver support policy measures and their caregiving burden change including Covid-19 pandemic period in
Japan

In Japan, 24 years has passed since long-term care insurance was implemented. The purpose of this insurance is to LTC socialization thatmeans to support long-term care by society as a whole.
While Japan has LTC insurance, it doesn’t have comprehensive family caregiver support policy measures. LTC insurance does not provide
cash benefits for family caregivers. But a family carer support program is provided as a voluntary project of the Integrated Community Care.
In the “New Orange Plan”, the basic policy plan to cope with dementia, family caregiver support is an important pillar of it. In addition, there
are important policy measures including the prevention of leaving out of jobs because of caregiving and care leave. Thus, measures tosupport family caregivers in Japan are systematically fragmented.
In this research, I will report the family caregiving status in Japan with “the Comprehensive Survey of Living Standards” by the Ministry of
Health, Labour and Welfare. According to it, the percentage of male caregivers has risen, but the majority of them are still women. The mainfamily caregivers are spouses and children, and spouses of children has decreased. The percentage of long-term care provider as main
caregivers has risen. However, in some caregiving situations including communication and shopping, the family still plays a significant rolein it. The percentage of caregiving by family members has increased slightly after the Covid-19 pandemic. Covid-19 pandemic may haveincreased the burden on family caregivers in Japan.

PPO-09 Chen-Fen Chen, National Taipei University of Nursing and health Sciences; Yu-Ching Liu, University of BathClients or co-workers? The integration of family caregivers into Long-Term Care system in Taiwan

This presentation offers an overview of the historical development and current reform of family caregiver support policy in Taiwan. Firstly,
our objective is to trace the evolution of LTC services, coupled with the integration of caregiver support policy since 2015 when the civilright of caregivers was specified in the LTC Services Act. The representation of caregiver support services is the LTC caregiver support
center, where caregivers with relatives utilizing LTC services can receive support.
Secondly, we explore the development of caregiver support services, which underwent a transition from being self-funded services by the
Taiwan Association of Family Caregivers, a nonprofit organization, to being funded by the government. We examine the development of
Taiwanese informal care policy through the lens of the Model of Carers defined by Julia Twigg in 1989, categorizing the policy
establishment into three phases: (1) Interventions to maintain caregivers' ability to care; (2) Consideration of family caregivers’ well-being;(3) Attention to diverse needs of family caregivers.

Thirdly, we reveal current challenges and reforms of the caregiver support policy. Despite the LTC Act elevating the legal status ofcaregivers, they often do not recognize their own role. The success of LTC caregiver support centers has led the Taiwanese government toconsider integrating them with caregiver support centers for caregivers of people with disabilities. However, this integration poses challenges
for central and local governments, as well as non-profit organizations dedicated to caregiver support affairs in the community.

26

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PPO-10 Kazuhiro Uchida; Waseda University
Human Resource Management for Care Workers in Japan

In Japan, it is anticipated that there will be a shortage of approximately 700,000 care workers by 2040. This makes the task of securing anadequate number of care workers an urgent challenge that needs to be addressed. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a work environmentthat enables care workers to continue their work by implementing strategies to manage care workers, including diverse work styles andflexible work arrangements. Accordingly, this study first organized the current status and challenges of care worker shortages in Japan, alongwith the factors elucidated in previous research regarding the continuity of care workers' employment conducted in Japan. Based on theseresearch findings, a survey was conducted to assess the overall landscape of care worker management in Japan to ensure the continuity ofcare workers' employment. The survey revealed the necessity for management practices that prioritize evaluations, personnel deployment,
and workload reduction, within environments conducive to bottom-up improvements.
Moreover, in recent years, the proportion of care workers aged 60 and above has steadily increased, and the number of foreign care workers
is also rising. Thus, initiatives such as diversity management and the introduction of information and communication technology are being
promoted, considering various demographics, such as foreign nationals and healthy older adults after retirement. While discussing theserecent trends in care worker management in Japan, this discourse also addresses the future requirements for managing care workers infacilities.

PPO-11 Yun-Hsiang Hsu, National Central University
From guest to resident: policy options and the choice of foreign domestic workers in Taiwan

Since 2022, migrant workers who exceed the maximum working period in Taiwan have been granted another extension, as well as a pathway
to permanent residency. This decision was made in response to the increasing shortage of local domestic care manpower. It not only signifies
a policy change but also demonstrates convergence with other East Asian countries that share a similar welfare regime in domestic care, such
as Japan and South Korea. Within this context, this group of migrant workers faces choices, including remaining as guest workers or pursuingresidency in Taiwan, or even considering opportunities in other countries. These decisions need to be carefully made after the opening of thispolicy window. This study utilizes data from the Long-term Retention of Migrant Workers Service Center (LTRMWSC) to understand the
choices of migrant workers in Taiwan. Field interviews, as well as surveys, will be conducted. It is expected to deepen our understanding of
the welfare regime in East Asia.

PPO-13 Wang, Shu-Twu National Pingtung University of Science and Technology
Employment Security and Support for Urban Indigenous People: Personal Experience, Institutional Environment, andNGO Viewpoints

The migration phenomenon of urban indigenous people is a common situation globally. The survival rights and interests of indigenous people
moving to urban areas have always been an important issue of concern to the government in promoting policies related to indigenous peoples.
The "Urban Indigenous Peoples Development Program” of the Taiwan government aims to promote employment positions and employment
opportunities; it takes the establishment of urban and rural industrial links and assists economic development as a strategy and expects thatwith the recent five-year development, multifaceted employment services could be provided; the functions of the indigenous youth could be
developed; diversified entrepreneurial subsidies, financial loans, and fund-raising services could be provided so that the government andprivate funds could be guided to invest in the economic and industrial development of the indigenous peoples. Therefore, this study attempts
to take the southern urban areas of Taiwan, namely Kaohsiung City and Tainan City, as the research subjects. This study will focus on
exploring their life process of migrating to the urban areas and their access to economic resources for living. This study also considers thepossible impact of policies and systems on the life support of the first generation of the indigenous people who migrated to the urban areas.

PPO-14 Kui Kasirisir (Hsu, Chun-Tsai), National Pingtung University of Science and Technology
From "tapau" to "umaq": Exploring and Developing a Culturally Friendly Healthy Living Environment for Urban
Indigenous Communities

The collective migration of the indigenous population in the early stages was primarily influenced by colonial society's policies. The types
and scale of these movements have not only affected indigenous individuals and families but have also had an impact on the collective
development and cultural preservation efforts within native communities. This study focuses on the indigenous population from different
generations who have migrated to urban areas. It aims to explore the indigenous people's cultural perspectives on "home" and consider how aconcept of ethnically friendly living environments can be developed to enhance the residential quality of urban indigenous populations. This
study adopted a qualitative research approach and employed in-depth interviews and focus groups to collect data. The research has completed
consultations and interviews with three urban indigenous organizations, four focus groups, and ten individual interviews. Preliminary
findings of the research include the following:
1.Different ethnic groups have unique cultural interpretations and meanings associated with the concept of "home."
2.In the ancestral homeland, "home" is primarily culturally and emotionally oriented, encompassing the living environment of the tribe andconnections with tribal members (especially family and neighbors). In contrast, in the urban context, "home" tends to be more functional,
serving as a shelter or a private space, with the scope limited to the confines of the house, and connections with neighbors mostly involving
friends from other urban indigenous backgrounds (from different tribes or ethnic groups).
3.Different generations have distinct perspectives and feelings about moving between their ancestral homeland and urban areas: the first
generation is characterized by back-and-forth movement, the second generation by a sense of not being able to return, and the third
generation by a lack of desire to return.
4.The identification with "home" in both the ancestral homeland and the urban context is fluid rather than fixed.

27

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PPO-15 Pukiringan.Palivuljung (Tung, Hsin-Chih), National Chung Cheng University
The investigation and research on the "cultural space" of urban indigenous people in southern Taiwan

The emergence of urban indigenous people is closely related to the booming industrialization and urban capital market since the 1960s.
Looking back on the process of migration from today (2022) ,it has been over than 60 years. However, from the perspective of culturaldevelopment, when the "cultural space" is no longer equal to the "surviving space", the ethnic language is not a family language anymore.
The sense of ethnic identity is gradually diluted by the urban environment, and the speed of cultural disintegration is beyond our imagination.
In view of this, this study takes Kaohsiung City as the research category to investigate the migration of indigenous people who move tometropolitan areas from their tribes. Under the transformation of living space, the cultural development and inheritance can carry out cultural
maintenance, knowledge inheritance and education promotion through five cultural spaces and venues, such as churches and cultural healthstations. Preliminary findings of the research include the following：
1.The survey revealed that the location of the cultural space is not fixed; it changes in accordance with the different developmental stages of
the church. The spatial planning of both the interior and exterior venues offers a variety of appearances.
2.The cultural space involves various ethnic groups, including Truku, Paiwan, Rukai, Amis, Bunun, Puyuma, Atayal, Cou, Kanakanavu,
Seediq, Tao, and more. Additionally, Pepohoan, Hakka, Hokkien, and other ethnic groups also participate.
3.The ways in which culture is maintained are diverse. These methods include decorating the venue, using languages from various ethnic
groups, sharing traditional food, conducting cultural workshops and camps, watching aboriginal documentaries and movies, and evenparticipating in related activities such as music and dance.
4.In terms of knowledge content, it includes ecological wisdom, land, oral culture, oral history, life rituals, songs, diet, ethical values,
weaving crafts, clothing, and economic production, among others.
5.The challenge of knowledge transmission in most churches is linked to the passing of the elderly, cultural discontinuity, inadequate ethnic
language skills, a shortage of teachers, and sometimes constrained by limited venue space.

PPO-16 Chen, Ke-Mei National Chung Cheng University
Social connection among urban indigenous people in Taiwan

Social networks are not only highly related to migration to cities for tribal indigenous people but also linked to access to economics andsocial resources for urban indigenous people. When indigenous people migrate to cities, their social ties and networks may be changed. New
connections and networks with urban communities may also be established. Thus, such changes may affect the well-being of urban
indigenous people. Moreover, the profiles of social ties and networks between the first-generation indigenous people with migration
experiences and the second-generation indigenous people who grew up in urban cities are different. Therefore, the study aims to examine thetypes of social connections, relational networks, and generation differences among urban indigenous people based on social network
perspectives. The quantitative method was used to analyze social networks among urban indigenous people in Kaohsiung City and Tainan
City. The study identified the relations and structure of social networks among urban indigenous people. The findings suggest generationdifferences in the social connections between the first-generation and second-generation network structures.

PPO-17 Koji Takahashi, Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training
Changes and Continuity in Non-regular Employment in Japan (1):Re-regulation, Labor Shortage, and Positive Signs for an Equal Labor Market?

A series of four posters examines how Japan’s non-regular employment changed during the 2010s. The concept of Japan’s non-regular
employment partly overlaps with “part-time,” “fixed-term contract,” and “temporary agency work,” but is ultimately shaped by corporate
human resource management policies. Scholars argue that the dichotomy between regular and non-regular employment has given rise to a
new form of dual labor market at the beginning of the 21st century. They highlight three main points: 1) significant disparities in wage andemployment protection between regular and non-regular workers; 2) limited upward mobility for non-regular workers and difficulty intransitioning from non-regular to regular positions; and 3) the association of non-regular employment with the male breadwinner model andgender inequality in society. Against this backdrop, the Japanese government implemented several laws and policies to bolster job security,
wage levels, and other working conditions for non-regular workers. Additionally, a labor shortage or tight labor market emerged owing to theretirement of baby boomers and the decreasing number of young workers from the mid-2010s onward. This poster provides an overview ofour joint research by reviewing the severity of the regular/non-regular dual labor market, explaining the details of the re-regulation of laborlaws and policies, demonstrating the ongoing labor shortage, and presenting a few statistics that might be interpreted as positive signs. The
subsequent three posters will address specific aspects of the aforementioned dual structure, scrutinize large-scale questionnaire data, andexplore the changes and continuity of non-regular employment in Japan.

PPO-18 Yasutaka Fukui, Nagoya University
Changes and Continuity in Non-regular Employment in Japan (2):Wage Disparities Between Regular and Non-regular Employment in Japan in the 2010s

In this presentation, we focus on wage distribution to clarify whether the wage disparity between regular and non-regular employment inJapan decreased in the 2010s. Our analysis focused on the impact of minimum wage on wage distribution. We sampled workers aged 20–59
years from the “General Survey on Diversified Types of Employment” conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare in 2010 and
2019, and applied unconditional quantile regression analysis (RIF regression analysis) to the data.
The analysis shows that the wage penalty for non-regular employment decreased slightly between 2010 and 2019. The results also indicatethat the wage penalty is not uniform, depending on the location of the wage distribution. For male workers, the wage disparity between
regular and non-regular employment is large at the bottom of the wage distribution curve, whereas it is small at the top of the distribution. In
contrast, the wage disparity for female workers is small for workers receiving lower wages, whereas it is large for workers with higher
remuneration. This pattern remained stable from 2010 to 2019. The minimum wage has the effect of raising workers’ wages. This effect isgreater at the bottom of the wage distribution for men and at the top of the distribution for women. Furthermore, the minimum wage wasfound to increase wages in non-regular employment more than in regular employment among low-wage workers.
28

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PPO-19 Fumiko Nishino, Hitotsubashi University
Changes and Continuity in Non-regular Employment in Japan (3):Current Situation of Transition from Non-regular to Regular Positions

It has been theorized that the Japanese labor market is dualistic, characterized by strong protection for regular employees and minimal
regulation for non-regular employees. There has been limited upward mobility for non-regular employees and difficulties in transitioning
from non-regular to regular positions.
However, since the policy changes in the 2010s, the number of non-regular employees becoming regular employees increased because thegovernment encouraged this transition. It also recommends “diverse forms of regular employment” as an intermediate category, which is aregular employee who, unlike traditional regular employees, is subject to restrictions in terms of work area, job type, and working hours.
This presentation sheds light on the actual situation of the transition to regular workers and “diverse forms of regular employment” andascertains whether the previous disparity in the labor market has changed and became ladder shaped. The data used were from aquestionnaire survey of companies and workers conducted by the Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training (JILPT) in 2021. The
analysis includes people who used to be non-regular workers and those in regular positions. What points do they feel dissatisfied with?
The analysis found that men and young people had better chances of transitioning to full-time employment than women and older people,
respectively, but there was still dissatisfaction with promotions. For women, even if indefinitely employed, it only changes the length of
employment and wages remain low. Furthermore, the wages of non-regular employees have not improved, and many are dissatisfied.

PPO-20 Takeshi Okamoto, Hitotsubashi University
Changes and Continuity in Non-regular Employment in Japan (4):Why Is the “Male Breadwinner Model” Still Predominant in Japan Today?

In Western countries, the sharing of responsibilities for work and childcare between men and women has progressed since the late 20th
century. However, in Japan, as of 2010, the “male breadwinner model” remained dominant. In addition to the increasing labor demand due tothe aging population in Japan, policies implemented since 2010 have targeted work-life balance, women’s participation, and workstylereforms. Has this situation triggered a transformation in Japan’s male breadwinner model? This report analyzes individual survey data fromthe “General Survey on Diversified Types of Employment,” conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare. The survey included
questions about the primary breadwinners. The comparison was made at three time periods: 2010, 2014, and 2019. The analysis of the data
revealed the ongoing prevalence of the traditional situation, in which the percentage of men in regular employment as primary earners andwomen in non-regular employment as secondary earners remains high. Furthermore, through an analysis of the differences in working hours
and wages based on combinations of employment status and the presence of spouses and children, this study examined the possibility that theexisting patterns of working hours, wages, and employment status combinations may limit realistic earning options for those having bothpartner and child-rearing responsibilities. This report points out that there is a potential difficulty in achieving a balance between work andchildcare in Japan, unless couples adopt a combination of regular primary earners and non-regular secondary earners.

PPO-21 Eliz Wong Miu Yin, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Inclusion of LGBTQ+ Individuals in Hong Kong: A Scoping Review

Introduction: Discussion on the rights and inclusion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) individuals in Hong Kong isoften based on taken-for-granted socio-cultural norms but not grounded in empirical studies.
Methods: A scoping review is conducted to map out the current status of LGBTQ+ inclusion in Hong Kong, with results reported according
to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The review captured 1206 unduplicated studies which were scoped to 152 peer-reviewed articles published from2010 to 2022.
Findings were categorised using an adapted Global LGBTI Inclusion Index into six domains: education, economic well-being, family, health,political and civic participation, personal security and violence.
Results: LGBTQ+ individuals in Hong Kong face prevalent exclusion and discrimination across major domains of their lives, which brings
tangible harm to their well-being. This underscores the importance of legal protection and recognition to address the exclusion of LGBTQ+
individuals.
Conclusions: Gaps are also identified for future research: 1) the need to address understudied domains other than health; 2) the need to focus
on understudied populations (lesbian, bisexual and transgender people); 3) a wide range of terminologies adopted in existing LGBTQ+
research; 4) lack of representative data
Policy Implications: This review highlights the importance of collecting empirical data and obtaining representative data on the LGBTQ+
population to assess the current situation and progress made in LGBTQ+ inclusion in Hong Kong, and to inform policy changes related to
LGBTQ+ rights.

29

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PPO-22 Randolph C. H. Chan, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
The protective role of school climate on the school experiences and mental health of gender nonconforming students

Gender nonconformity is often a target of prejudice because it constitutes a threat to established gender norms. While gender nonconformity
may predispose students to bullying victimization in school, a structured and supportive school climate may be a potential factor thatmitigates the occurrence and effects of bullying victimization. Previous studies have suggested that various aspects of perceived school
climate (i.e., sense of school belonging, teacher-student relations, student-student relations, and perceptions of school safety) can buffer the
detrimental effects of bullying victimization among gender and sexually diverse students. The study aimed to examine the school experienceof gender-nonconforming students in China and investigate whether a structured and supportive school climate would protect them fromvictimization. The study included a national sample of 3,020 students in China. They completed a questionnaire on gender expression,
bullying victimization, school avoidance, depression symptoms, and school climate. The results indicated that 38.5% of the gendernonconforming students experienced bullying victimization. Gender nonconformity was positively associated with bullying victimization,
which was linked to heightened levels of school avoidance and depression symptoms. Additionally, the results showed that school climate
moderated the association between gender nonconformity and bullying victimization. Among students who perceived their school climate assupportive, their gender nonconformity was not significantly related to bullying victimization. The findings of this study underscore thecritical importance of developing and implementing gender-affirming school policies within Chinese educational settings, specifically for thisvulnerable population. Social workers and school counselors who work with gender- nonconforming students should adopt an affirmative
approach toward their gender expression. Implementing comprehensive school policies and practices that promote inclusivity, sensitivity, andacceptance is essential to foster a positive school experience for gender nonconforming students.

PPO-23 Yiu-tung Suen, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Chinese Lesbian and Gay Adults’ Self-Reported Experiences of Negative Treatment and Violence From Family of
Origin: Evidence From a Larger-Scale Study in China

Lesbian and gay adults’ self-reported experiences of violence from family of origin in adulthood have been less examined in previous
research on interpersonal violence from intimate others. In China, while it has been understood that lesbians and gay men face mountingpressure to marry and have children, there is little empirical evidence on their experiences of violence from family of origin. This paper
analyzes self-reported experiences of negative treatment and violence from a larger-scale study in China of 11,048 Chinese lesbian and gay
cisgender adults. The majority of Chinese lesbians and gay men felt pressure to get married and have children (70.4%), and experienceddifferent forms of negative treatment and violence from their family members based on sexual orientation (54.2%). A significant genderdifference was observed. This paper provides novel empirical evidence for the lived experiences of lesbians and gay men in China and bears
implications for China’s Anti-domestic Violence Law.

PPO-24 Sang-A, Lee; Kyoungha Sung, KDISSWThe Changes of Self-sufficiency Program in Korea

This study examined the changes in the self-suffciency institutions based on historical institutionalism theory, which sees institutions ashistorical products. Previous studies were unable to adequately understand the actors involved in the process of institutional change, thisstudy focused on analyzing the interactions between system and actors after the institutionalization of self-sufficiency programs. As a result,the period after institutionalization of self-sufficiency program was divided into institutionalization period (October 2000-2005), institutional
expansion period (2006-2012), institutional change search period (2013-2017), and institutional diversification period (2018-2021). In termsof structure, content, and participants, the self-sufficiency program showed a path of expansion since 2000s. However, the self-sufficiency
program’s external environment was critical of it, and by creating a competitive system, it actually made a crisis in the pre-existing systemand forced ongoing reform as a result. There are disagreements in this process between a variety of subjects within the self-sufficiency
program, and there is hesitancy because of misunderstanding between the side that needs to reflect the diversity of the actors and the side thatneeds to demonstrate aggregation to advance the system’s unified direction. Through this, this study suggested easing power caused byministry division, switching to a system focused on the working poor, and changing the paradigm of a labor-linked welfare system centeredon productive welfare to that of a community-centered self-sufficiency program.

PPO-25 Yuka Ozawa, Kanazawa University
Exploring the Role of Intermediate Support in Work Integration Social Enterprises: A Study of SIAEs in France

The purpose of this report is to examines the conditions under which work integration social enterprises in French (Structures de l’insertion
par l’activité économique, later addressed as SIAE) exist and function from the perspective of the role of intermediate support.
In France, IAE aims to support the transition to general employment for those who have difficulty finding work, secures new employment
opportunities for approximately 180,000 people annually (in 2021), and provides livelihood support and job training. The creation of such job
opportunities is based on the collaboration of various actors, and we would like to analyze the conditions that make job creation possible byexamining the structure of such partnerships.
First, we will systematically identify the issues involved in creating, maintaining, and developing work integration social enterprises andwhat kind of support is being provided to address these issues. Then, we will clarify how a system providing such support has been
established.
In order to identify these issues, interviews will be conducted with organizations supporting the social solidarity economy (DLA: Dispositif
Local d’Accompagnement de l’ESS) and (at least) one of the SIAEs networks (CHANTIER école) that support the enterprises.
In this way, we will identify the conditions that make job creation possible, and at the same time, we will consider the meaning of this French
experiment for East Asia.

30

Poster Session Day 2

14 JUNE

PPO-26 Fitria Noriza, Chiba University
Indonesian Technical Intern Trainee (TITP) Care Workers in Japan: Relative Deprivation and Career Choice

Despite high demand and diverse pathways for migrants to enter care work in Japan, migrant care workers often face challenges such as
resource constraints and limited support, especially in improving their work capability and continuing their work in Japan. Offering thetransnational perspective of Indonesian care workers regarding their struggles and choices, this research investigates the experiences ofIndonesian care workers in Japan, exploring their awareness and challenges. This research aims to address the gap in understanding TITP
care workers’ experience and its relation to career choice, offering insights into better policy strategies and understanding transnationalmigration dynamics. The question guiding this study is: How does the relative deprivation happen to the Indonesian TITP care workers after
they start working in Japan?
From Summer 2022 to Summer 2023, 18 female Indonesian care workers in Japan from TITP/ex-TITP were interviewed, revealing insights
into their work, life, and future outlook using relative deprivation theory as a framework. This study found that a cycle of deprivation
appeared due to the disparity between their expectations of Japan and the reality they faced, leading to a sense of disappointment. Despite thisdisappointment, they try to endure it for various reasons, such as financial constraints, cultural expectations to take care of their parents in the
future, and personal fulfillment. These circumstances significantly influence their career choice, where making a livelihood and family
situation become definite factors.

312024 EASP/FISS Joint Conference Organizing Committee
Aya Abe, Tokyo Metropolitan University​
阿部彩 東京都立大学
Kiwako Endo, Kinjo Gakuin University
遠藤希和子 金城学院大学
Yuko Tamiya, Kobe Gakuin University
田宮遊子 神戸学院大学(Assistants)​

Wenshuo Zhai, Tokyo Metropolitan University​翟文朔 東京都立大学
Akira Matsubara, Tokyo Metropolitan University
松原祥 東京都立大学

We thank all those who helped us to make the conference possible.