Instructions to Authors

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (JJID) is an official
bimonthly publication of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan.
JJID publishes basic research papers on infectious diseases in humans with respect tothe fields of bacteriology, virology, mycology, parasitology, medical entomology,vaccinology, toxinology, epidemiology, surveillance, and public health, related toinfectious diseases. Papers on pathology, immunology, biochemistry, and blood safety
related to microbial pathogens, and those covering various aspects of quality control ofbiological products are also encouraged.
The following types of papers are included in JJID: (1) Original Articles, (2) ShortCommunications, (3) Epidemiology Communications, (4) Invited Reviews, and (5)Letters to the Editor. The journal also occasionally includes brief reports on relevant
academic activities of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases.
JJID articles are published open access under a CC BY license (Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International License).
Copyright: The copyright belongs to the authors.
Submission process: MANUSCRIPT should be submitted via the online system at<http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/jjid> and adhere to the instructions posted on thiswebsite.
The corresponding author should indicate the following in a cover letter. JJID editors
reserve the right to judge whether the statement is appropriate:1.

The manuscript is being submitted for consideration for publication inJJID.

2.

All authors have read the manuscript and agreed to its submission for
publication in JJID.

3.

All authors have contributed to the study and are responsible for itscontent.

4.

-a The manuscript that substantially includes the same content has not beensubmitted or published elsewhere.

-b If any parts of the manuscript have already been posted as preprint (seePreprint Policy<
https://www.niid.go.jp/niid/images/jjid/preprint/JJID_Preprint_policy_20240813.pdf> ), please specify its server and the DOI.

Review process: Each manuscript will be reviewed by editor(s) and reviewer(s)selected by the editor in confidence throughout the entire review process to verify its
acceptability in terms of scientific quality and originality.
Accepted Publication: The manuscripts accepted for publication in JJID are posted
online through the journal’s website: <http://www.niid.go.jp/niid/jjid.html>
Advance Publication: Accepted manuscripts will be accessible in the Advance
Publication section of the journal’s website at <https://www.niid.go.jp/niid/ja/jjid/294jjid/5171-advance-publication.html> prior to the printing of the publication. Advance
Publication is as an author’s final manuscript that has been accepted for publication
without any modifications and has not yet been copyedited. Each manuscript is assignedwith a DOI.
Pre-Advance Publication: Manuscripts accepted for publication on specific topics withurgent priority selected by the Editorial Board in advance will be made open access
immediately on the website of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases without any
modifications or copyediting. Each manuscript is not assigned with a DOI.
Submission fee: There are no submission fees for JJID.
Page charge: There are no page charges for JJID.
Color charge: The cost for printing of color figures must be borne by the authors.
Reprint orders: Reprints can be ordered in advance by indicating the number desired(minimum of 50 copies). The cost of reprints will be sent to the corresponding authorwith an accompanying receipt.

ABOUT THE MANUSCRIPT< IN GENERAL >All documents should be double-spaced throughout, include line numbers, and eachpage must be numbered sequentially. A minimum 12-point font size should be used.
Basically, a standard MANUSCRIPT should be presented with the following structure:
Title Page, Abstract, Text, Acknowledgments, Conflict of interest, References,Figure legends, Tables and Figures.
Please note that the files of tables and figures should be uploaded separately from amain text file through the JJID submission portal site.
Abbreviations and symbols: JJID follows the American Society for Microbiology(ASM) Journal guidelines for abbreviations and symbols. Abbreviations of biologicalterms (e.g., culture media, reagents, or laboratory methods) should not be used unlessthey are well-known or helpful to the readers. Such abbreviations should be defined on
their first appearance in the text.
Biological nomenclature: Scientific names of animals, plants, and microorganisms
should be given in accordance with International Codes. Scientific names in themanuscript should be in italics or underlined. Generic names must be written in full inthe title, on its first appearance in the text, and in the Abstract section. Elsewhere, if it isunlikely to cause confusion, the initial letter of the generic name may be used.
Chemical nomenclature: The nomenclature of chemical compounds should agree with
the indexes of Chemical Abstracts.
Nucleotide and amino acid sequences: Prior to submission, nucleotide and/or aminoacid sequence data should be deposited with GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ and an accession
number should be included in the manuscript.
Ethical considerations: (i) When reporting research involving human subjects or theuse of biological materials of human origin, authors must obtain prior authorizationfrom an institutional ethical committee. Furthermore, authors must include a statement
in an appropriate section declaring that all experiments were carried out in compliancewith relevant laws and guidelines, and with the ethical standards of the Declaration ofHelsinki. (ii) When patients are reported in the manuscript, any information that could
reveal the patient’s identity should be excluded (iii) Research using recombinant DNA
implies that the physical and biological containment conformed to the guidelines of acorresponding agency in the authors’ country. (iv) Animal experiments must also beperformed under institutional authorization and in compliance with relevant laws andguidelines in the authors’ country. (v) Research using unique materials implies that theauthors will make them available to qualified researchers for noncommercial use. JJID
does not request informed consent from the patients or their guardians for publication.
Please note that the descriptions on ethical considerations should be included in theMaterial and Methods section when necessary.
Supplemental materials: JJID does not accept any supplemental materials (e.g.,Supplemental Tables, Supplemental Figures).
< STRUCTURE >Title page: The following items should be included in the title page:・Title of the manuscript
・Running title (Running head)・Keywords (maximum of 5)・Full names of the authors----No change in author(s) is permitted after acceptance for publication.
・Name of the department and institution of the authors
・Telephone number, postal address, and e-mail address of the corresponding author. Only amaximum of two authors may be designated as corresponding authors.

ABSTRACT: A brief one-paragraph abstract of no more than 200 words. Thisparagraph should adequately summarize the essential findings of the study.
Text: The main text should include neither tables nor figures(for Original Articles)
Original Articles should include the following sections in Text:
Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, and Discussion.
-INTRODUCTION: The introduction should outline the purpose, scope, andmethods of the investigation and its relation to other work in the same field.
-MATERIALS AND METHODS: This section should describe the equipment andmaterials utilized and the manners in which the work was conducted. Sufficient
information should be provided to enable peers to accurately replicate the work.
Detailed experimental methods must be included in this section, and not just as a figurelegend. Standard laboratory procedures need not be described in detail, but reference
citation is necessary. Ethical considerations should be described in this section whennecessary.
-RESULTS: The results obtained should be presented in this section, in the text or intables or figures. The unnecessary duplication of information found in tables and figurelegends in the main text should be avoided as much as possible.
-DISCUSSION: This section should not repeat the description from the Introduction
and the Results sections, but rather provide an interpretation of the results. Authors
should address controversial or unresolved points, results obtained by other researchers,
and the evidence available for drawing conclusions.
(for Short Communications and Epidemiology Communications)Short Communications and Epidemiology Communications should include thefollowing sections in Text:
The main text, including the aim of the study, methods used, results, and discussion in a
non-structured form (i.e., not consisting of structured Introduction, Materials andMethods, Results, and Discussion sections).
Acknowledgments: Financial support, including grants, fellowships, and scholarships
should appear in this section.

Conflict of interest: All authors must disclose any commercial or other association(e.g., pharmaceutical stock ownership, consultancy, advisory board membership, travel
grants, relevant patents, or research funding) that might present a conflict of interest
regarding the manuscript submitted. The corresponding author is responsible forobtaining the relevant information from all co-authors. Appropriate declarations or“None to declare” should appear at the end of the text under the subheading “Conflict ofinterest.” This applies to all papers.
REFERENCES: References in text should be cited by the reference number, whichshould be issued in the order of their appearance, in parentheses. They should be listed
in numerical order at the end of the manuscript. List the first three author names,
followed by “et al.”The JJID reference format should be followed precisely when preparing the manuscriptfor submission. If the reference format used does not match that of JJID, the manuscript
may not be received for further review process.
----References to journals and books should follow the styles shown in the following examples:1.

Journal
1. Shirato K, Nao N, Katano H, et al. Development of genetic diagnostic methods for novel

coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019) in Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2020;73:304-307.
2. Vizcaino MI, Crawford JM. The colibactin warhead crosslinks DNA. Nat Chem. 2015;7:411-417.
3. Martinez AN, Talhali C, Moraes MO, et al. PCR-based techniques for leprosy diagnosis: from thelaboratory to the clinic. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014; 8: e2655.
4. Fan C, Li K, Ding Y, et al. ACE2 expression in kidney and testis may cause kidney and testis
damage after 2019-nCoV infection. MedRxiv. 2020; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.12.20022418 .

Preprint.

2.

Book
1. Jacobs WR Jr. Gene transfer in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: shuttle phasmids to enlightenment.

In: Hatfull GF, Jacobs WR Jr, editors. Molecular Genetics of Mycobacteria. 2nd ed. Hoboken,

NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014. p.3-25

3.

Language
1. Wei ZY, Qian HY. Myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Zhonghua Xin Xue

Guan Bing Za Zhi. 2020;48: E006. Chinese.
2. Sato K, Takano A, Gaowa et al. Epidemics of tick-borne infectious diseases in Japan. Med
Entomol Zool. 2019;70:3-14. Japanese.

4.

Web
World Health Organization (WHO). Diarrhoeal Disease. Available at <https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease>. Accessed May 2, 2017.
----Unpublished data or personal communications should not be included in the reference list, but may
be cited in the text, with permission for personal communications.

Tables and Figures:Tables: Tables should be prepared separately from the main text with a software
Microsoft Word or Microsoft Excel. Tables should come with headings and footnotes.
Headings should be concise and clearly present the subject matter. All tabular materials
should be intelligible on their own.
••
•
•
•

Distinct tables are numbered as Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, etc., not as Table
1A, Table 1B, Table 1C, etc.
No vertical lines are allowed, horizontal lines (entire length) are restricted
to three.
Tables should be in black and white; rows and columns should not beshaded.
Usage of bold and italic font within a table is not permitted. In case ofusing the special font, a reason of the usage must be described in footnote.
Footnotes should be listed with superscript lowercase numbers, as 1), 2), 3),etc.

Figures: Graphs, diagrams, flow charts, drawings, and photographs are considered asfigures. Please ensure that all figures are submitted in the highest print quality. Allillustrations can either be in black and white line art or in color. Microsoft PowerPoint,Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop, TIFF, EPS, JPEG, or PDF files are all acceptable.
Figure legends: Prepare figure legends on a separate page. The legends should beconcise and comprehensive, and should include enough information to make the figures
understandable without frequent reference to the main text.
Tables and Figures should be numbered with Arabic numerals in the order of theirappearance in the text. They should be cited in the text as, for example, “Table 3” or“Fig. 3.”
Table sample
Table 1. Comparison of the MIC value for each antibiotic of the MRSA (title)
Spanner head1)
Stub column head

Spanner headP 3)

Column head2)

Column head

Column head

Column head

Stub subentry

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.00

Stub subentry

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.08

Stub subentry

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.002

Stub subentry

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.12

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.001

Stubentry

Stub entry

Stub entry

1): Please add explanation, if necessary.
2): Please add explanation, if necessary.

3): P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Abbreviation (if necessary) MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

< TYPES >Original Articles
Original research papers providing the full account of an investigation can be submitted.
Form: Title Page, Abstract, Text [Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results,Discussion], Acknowledgments, Conflict of interest, References, Figure legends,Tables, and Figures.
Table and Figure files should each be prepared separately from the main text.

Limitation: Maximum of 3000 words (Text only), 40 references, and 6 figures andtables (combined).
Short Communications
Brief research papers will be published as Short Communications, with theunderstanding that this does not mean that it will be published immediately. Although
the maximum word count is limited, the manuscript should contain all the relevant,sufficient, and appropriate methods and results, including the aim of the study anddiscussion. Patient reports should also be submitted as a form of Short
Communications. Simple case reports are not accepted unless they are of particularsignificance to public health.
Form: Title Page, Abstract, Text, Acknowledgments, Conflict of interest, References,Figure legends, Tables, and Figures.
Text should be prepared in a non-structured format. Tables and figures should beprepared as separate files.
Limitation: Maximum of 1200 words (Text only), 15 references, and 3 figures andtables (combined).
Epidemiology Communications
Reports on infectious disease outbreaks and other emerging or re-emerging infectious
disease-related topics are accepted. Epidemiology communications on infectious
diseases in Japan are particularly welcome.
Form: Title Page, Abstract, Text, Acknowledgements, Conflict of interest, References,Figure legends, Tables, and Figures.
Tables and figures should be prepared as separate files.
Limitation: Maximum of 1200 words (Text only), 15 references, and 3 Figures andTables (combined).
Invited Reviews

Only reviews invited for submission to JJID by the JJID Editorial Committee areacceptable. This is intended for review articles concerning both current and historicalprogress made in research and policymaking regarding infectious diseases. Reviews
submitted to JJID will be published upon evaluation during the review process.
Form: Applies to JJID Office rules
Letters to the Editor
Letters to the Editor offer opinions concerning the articles published in JJID. The
authors of the original papers will be invited to respond to the letters and comment on
their manuscripts. The cover letter should state the title of the article as well as thejournal volume and number in which the article was published.
Form: Text should not be divided into sections.
References (maximum of 5) may be included.

January 24, 2024
Editorial Office

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
E-mail: jjid@nih.go.jp