VARIABLE SPEED COMPRESSORSELECTRONIC INVERTER
CF10B INVERTER MANUAL

www.embraco.com

April, 2020

Version 3.1

Contents
1 INTRODUCTION

1

2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.1 Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2 Product specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.1 Label information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.2 Institute approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.3 Product dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.4 Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.5 Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3 Information about input inrush current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2
2
3
5
5
6
7
8
9

3 INSTALLATION
3.1 Before you begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.1.1 Inverter cables arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 Inverter fixation and installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.1 Compressor cable connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.2 VNE compressor cable connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.3 Optional AC Fan switch control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3 Safety Recommendations of Electrical Installation . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4.1 Product discards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10
10
11
13
15
16
21
21
22
23

4 OPERATION
4.1 Frequency control mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2 Drop-In control mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2.1 Default Drop-In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2.2 Smart Drop-In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2.3 Defrost input (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2.4 Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.3 Serial control mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.3.1 Serial specifications and Internal Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.3.2 Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25
25
28
28
29
30
31
32
32
34

5 DIAGNOSTICS
5.1 LED indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38
38
39

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION
This document contains information regarding technical specifications, installation
instructions and functinality of CF10B Inverter family. It is intended to be used during
project phase for proper specifications of system configuration and design, in orderto ensure the best application and performance available with use of Embraco’s Variable Capacity Compressors and avoid undesired issues.
Before you begin the reading of this material, below is presented the convention
about some information contained in this document and how such information must
be interpreted.

!
WARNINGWARNING!

Incorrect operation that could result in
bodily injury or death due to electricalhazard.

WARNING!
CAUTIONCAUTION!
CAUTIONNOTICENOTICENOTICE

Incorrect operation that could result inequipment damage.

Contain helpful suggestions or references to material not covered in thisdocument. To obtain access to suchmaterials, please contact your technical support.

1Chapter 2

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.1

Nomenclature
CF 10 B 01 N 0.1 YY A ZZ
CFDriver Type

10

FamilyB

Generation

0X

Subversion

N

Power Supply

0.1

Protective Function configuration

YY

Eletronic Configuration

A

Enclosure

ZZ

Cables and Peripherals

2CHAPTER 2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

2.2

Product specifications
General Specifications
Input rated voltage range i

120 V or 240 V

Input operating voltage range ii , iii , iv

70 V-140 V or 160 V-264 V

Maximum input voltage v , vi

176 V or 300 V

Input frequency range

50-60 Hz

Input rated current

15.5 A

Control mode

Frequency, Drop-in and Serial

Operating humidity< 85%

Operating ambient temperaturevii-20 ºC to 55 ºC

Air forced ventilation (min) viii

2 m/s

i Voltage range approved by Agencies.
ii Minimum voltage without impact on compressor starting performance.
iii Opearating below the minimum voltage may limit the cooling capacity due to power and com-pressor speed limitation.
iv Maximum voltage without impact on performance and long term reliability.
v Maximum voltage without inverter being damaged, but with impact on reliability and performance.
vi The inverter may be damaged with voltage above this limit.
vii Agency approval temperature.
viii Air flow over the inverter heat sink, as shown in Figure 3.4.

3

CHAPTER 2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS!

• Do not connect the CF10B Inverter to a
power supply above declared Maximum
voltage.

WARNING!!
CAUTIONWARNINGNOTICE!
CAUTION!

NOTICEWARNING!
CAUTION• This inverter is for use only with the Embraco VCC compressors.
• Operating the product at voltages out of
declared Input operating voltage range
may reduce its reliability and significantly
impair product performance.
• Make sure to apply the proper Inverter VCC match. The use of incorrect Inverter VCC may degrades product overall performance.
• In order to avoid loss of performance,
make sure to operate the inverter inside
the temperature range of -20 °C to 50 °C.
• Ambient operation temperature above 50°C or inappropriate positioning of the inverter related to forced ventilation air flow
may activate inverter thermal protection.

• Declared input voltage range represents
operating conditions with no impact toproduct long term reliability.
• Input rated voltage range relates to agency
approval.

NOTICE• Opearating below declared Input rated
voltage may limit the cooling capacity due
to power and compressor speed limitation. Contact Embraco's technical support
to check availability of compressor performance data for the intended input voltage.

4

CHAPTER 2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

2.2.1

Label information
CF10B02 N 0.1 01 A 00
SXGT8UPV001XETLTIM

Input

VEG

120V or 240V / 50-60Hz 8.0A 2 hp 1PH

Output230V - 60 to 150Hz

3.3A 3

3PH

CAUTION: Use this inverter only with VEG Compressor Series

519302101

QD 17/07/19 700000 0002

Batch code / Serial number
Production date

Manufacturer code
Production site

Figure 2.1: Product label example

2.2.2

Institute approval
Compressor Family
VEG

X

X

FMF

X

X

VNE

X

X

5

CHAPTER 2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

2.2.3

Product dimensions
117.6

199.5

110.2

170.2

0.5

160

39

100.4

0.5

128.4

Figure 2.2: Stand alone dimensions

Stand alone dimensions
Dimensions

170,2 mm x 199,5 mm x 117,6 mm

6CHAPTER 2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

2.2.4

Connectors

5

8

1

2

3

7

6
4

Figure 2.3: Connectors

Connectors part numbers
Indicator

Description

Part number

Insulation

1

Serial Communication

S3P-VH (LF) (SN)

Reinforced

2

Frequency input

S2P-VH (LF) (SN)

Reinforced

3

Drop in

1217754-1

Functional

4

AC input (L+N)

1217754-1

Functional

5

AC Fan*MSLO 9402 - 002 - 00A 960 - 000 - 00–

6

EMI Earth7

Defrost input

1217754-1

Functional

8”You Control” input

Micro-USB B–

Cabble supplied by embraco*Mates with 1/4” faston receptacle. Fan connector assemble is optional.

7

CHAPTER 2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

2.2.5

CablesFigure 2.4: Motor cable for
VEG and FMF compressor
seriesFigure 2.5: Motor cable for VNE
compressor series with OLP

Figure 2.6: EMI Earth and Safety
Earth Cable
Cable Specification
Indicator

Description

Part Specification

Color

Figure 2.4

Standard
Motor CableUL STYLE 2586 105°C 600 V

Black, Blue and
Brown

Figure 2.5

Motor Cable
With OLPUL STYLE 2586 105°C 600 V

Black, Blue and
Brown

Figure 2.6

Safety Earth
Cable

UL STYLE 1015 105°C 600 V

Green/Yellow

Figure 2.6

EMI Earth
Cable

UL STYLE 1015 105°C 600 V

White

8

CHAPTER 2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS!
WARNING!
WARNING!
CAUTION!
CAUTIONNOTICENOTICE

2.3• The 'You Control' customization input (micro USB port) does not have electrical insulation. Use the provided communication modules defined by Embraco to guarantee electrical insulation. Check Subsection 4.2.2 for information regarding the indicated communication modules and product customization.

• CF10B inverter series standard configuration is approved to be used only in built
in appliances, with not accessible machinecompartment. If the intended applianceis an open machine compartment type,please contact Embraco's technical support to ensure the proper configuration ofyour product.

Information about input inrush current

Inrush current refers to a transient phenomenon that occurs rarely and only when
the power supply cord is connected to the power grid or in the case of power grid
shutdown. CF10B inverter series are designed accordingly and can reliably withstandthis current along the expected product lifespan. Excessive inrush current events
may damage the inverter. Regarding inverter installation, Embraco recommends tohave the appliance supply cord directly connected to inverter power input without any
disconnection means. Please, contact Embraco Technical Support for any assistanceor application assessment needed.
Inrush Specifications
Voltage Range

120 V

240 V

Allowed inrush events

1 per day1 per day

Inrush current (cold state)

24 A peak

37 A peak

Inrush current (hot state)

80 A peak

160 A peak

Input fuse melting (i²t)

631 A²s

631 A²s9Chapter 3

INSTALLATION
3.1

Before you begin• Make sure that CF10B Inverter will not be
in direct contact with flames during assembly.

!

• The location where the Inverter will
be installed must be protected against
splashed water from all directions.

WARNING• Do not open the Inverter enclosure. For installation, remove only the Inverter Coverto make the electrical connections.

!
CAUTION!
WARNINGNOTICE!
CAUTIONNOTICE• Before you begin your installation observe
technical specifications and proper connections.
• To prevent damage to your inverter during and aﬅer assembly, avoid contactingwith the following substances: Hydrocarbons; Ester based oils (e.g.: compressoroil); Phenols; Amines; Ketenes; Automotive fluids such as grease, except glycol
and heavy alcohol.
• Inverter is sensitive to Electrostatic Discharges. The environment must be properly protected against ESD and workers
that handle the inverter must be Earthed
through adequate ESD wrist strap andwear ESD gloves.

10CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION!

• Take care with product handling until final
assembly.

WARNING• Do not hold by the wiring.
• Special care must be taken to avoid mechanical impacts on the inverter during assembly process.

!
CAUTION• Do not use the inverter if it drops during
handling.
• Check if product is properly identified and
if it's enclosure is without cracks.

NOTICE

3.1.1

Inverter cables arrangement

The input and communication cables are not provided by Embraco. Therefore, inverter cables must be arranged according to the following instructions.
1. Push/pull repeatedly the cover plastic flap until it detach as much as necessary
to pass the cables.
2. Take care to positioning the EMI earth (when applied) and Safety earth cables
with the protecting tape beneath the cord relief as shown in Figure 3.1.
3. The cables must pass through the cord relief as shown in Figure 3.2.
4. Assemble the cord relief.

Figure 3.1: Cables arrangement
11

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION
Routing Description
Indicator

Description

1

AC Input Cable

2

EMI Earth Cable (optional)

3

Communication Cable

4

FAN Cable

5

Cord Relief

6Fixing Screw

1

5
2

3

6
4

Figure 3.2: Cord relief assembly!
WARNING• On the mains terminal (L or N) use insulated female FASTON terminals in order toprevent any risk of short-circuit due to terminals bending.

!
!
WARNING• Avoid routing cables over the cord relief,otherwise the product may damage due tomechanical stress.

CAUTION• The screw shown in Figure 3.2 must be
fixed with a torque within 0.8 - 1.2 Nm.

!

• Aﬅer concluded the routing, the plastic
cover must be reassembled, fixing thescew with a torque between 0.8 - 1.2 Nm.

NOTICECAUTIONNOTICE• The approval of the input supply cables
specifications and certifications as well as
the cord relief interaction with the input
cables is customer responsability.

12CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION

3.2

Inverter fixation and installation

The inverter must be fixed in the system by using the screwholes available in the inverter plastic enclosure.

!
WARNING!

Figure 3.3: Inverter fixation

CAUTIONNOTICE• The screws presented in Figure 3.3 are only
for reference of screwing positions. To fix
the inverter in the system the customer
shall use a screw or washer with following specification: screw head or washer
with minimum diameter of 10 mm; torquerange from 1.5 to 2.0 Nm.

The product is approved for forced ventilation application, in which the air flows throughthe heatsink. Applying the product with restricted ventilation may reduce product performance by activating the thermal protection. The inverter heat sink recomended
air flow is shown in Figure 3.4.

13

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION

Inverter heat sink air flow

Or

Minimum air flow 2.0 m/s!

Figure 3.4: Inverter air flow direction

WARNING• In order to avoid loss of performance, makesure that the heat sink is not obstructed fromthe air ventilation.

!

• Maximum power is only achieved with minimum forced ventilation of 2 m/s over the inverter heat sink and 520 m3 /h air flow over thecompressor.

CAUTION• Distance from fan to compressor shell must be
less than 30 cm.

NOTICE14

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION
Recommended position of fan + compressor + inverter are shown in the Figure 3.5.
All mentioned positions are acceptable. Considering specific aspects as inverter andmotor-compressor cooling, the most recomendated are positions 1-4. The last recomendated but still acceptable are positions 5 and 6.

Assembly option 1

Assembly option 3

Assembly option 5

Assembly option 2

Assembly option 4

Assembly option 6

Figure 3.5: Air flow directioni

3.2.1

Compressor cable connection

To connect the inverter to the compressor, attach the motor cable on the hermetic
compressor terminal, as shown in Figure 3.6.
i The figures displayed here are merely illustrative
i The figures displayed here are merely illustrative15

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION

Figure 3.6: Step 1i

Figure 3.7: Step 2i

Aﬅer performing the connections, assemble the compressor fence cover as shown in
the following sequence (Step 3 and 4).

Figure 3.8: Step 3i

3.2.2

Figure 3.9: Step 4i

VNE compressor cable connection

To connect the inverter to the compressor, attach the motor cable on the hermetic
compressor terminal, as shown in the Figres 3.10 and 3.11.
i The figures displayed here are merely illustrative16

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION

1

2

Step 1:
Check the cord anchorage position on
the fence support (1).

Step 2:
Slide cord anchorage snap for
attachment on fence (2).

4
3

Step 3:Grounding terminal to fasten thescrew in cord anchorage bracket (3)(screw torque 0.1 - 0.6 N.m.).

Step 4:Insert OLP bracket in the hermetic
terminal pin (4).

Figure 3.10: Steps for connecting the VNE compressor cable - Ii

17

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION

Figure 3.11: Steps for connecting the VNE compressor cable - IIi

i The figures displayed here are merely illustrative18

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION
To disassemble the fence cover, the following sequence must be adopted.

2
1

Step 1:
Using a screw driver, push
the keys in tabs of terminal
board cap.

Step 2:Force the tabs on the
opposite direction (13) andthen move the cap up (14).

Figure 3.12: Removing the VNE compressor coveri!

3. Operation• Before obtain access to connectors, disTurningon your VNE
WARNING
connect the AC power supply.

!
WARNING!

Application

FeaturesCAUTION• Avoid contact of the Control Input Cable(low voltage) with high voltage or power
supply cables, due to electrical hazard andControl models
potential equipment damage.
Drop-inFrequency

Compatible for mechanicalthermostat contact (on/of )• Please, yes
before emplying thenoinverter withcompressor, refer to compressor technical
Inverter decides the best speed
yesnodocumentation not covered in the manual.
NOTICECAUTION
Thermostat
decides the best
In case of doubt, please, contact Embraco
no
yes
speed
technical support.

!

Inverter send functional datano(power, voltage,
failures)i The figures
displayed here are merely illustrative

NOTICEno

Serial
no
no
yes
yes

19

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION• Motor connector must be properly
mounted on the 3 pins of compressor
hermetic terminal. Bad connection willcause compressor malfunction.

!
WARNING!

• The screws shown in Figure ?? and Figure
3.9 must be fixed with a torque within 0.8– 1.2 Nm range.
• The handling of Inverter enclosure must be
careful to avoid contact with the internal
electronic board, in order to prevent possible electrostatic discharges.
• Make sure all necessary connections areproperly done before connecting the Inverter to AC supply line.

CAUTION• The electronic Inverter must be installed in
the vertical position. Refer to Figure 3.5 forrecommended assembling positions.

NOTICE• When using Serial or Frequency communication mode the inverter has reinforced
isolation. When using Drop-in mode (energized contact) the inverter has functional
insulation.
• In order to avoid ESD discharge to the inverter circuit, insert the earth terminals at
first.

20

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION

3.2.3

Optional AC Fan switch control

CF10B inverter series can be equipped with AC Fan switch control. This switch is ON
in case compressor is running and OFF once compressor is stopped. Note, that AC
Fan switch control is not powered. It operates like a switch to interrupt the AC supply
Line or Neutral of the FAN.
Following connections to be made for switching power of the AC Fan:
- one terminal of AC Fan output to the Phase (or Neutral);- second terminal of AC Fan output to customer’s AC Fan terminal;- the remaining terminal of customer’s AC Fan to the Neutral (or Phase).

Figure 3.13: Frequency control mode connection

3.3

Safety Recommendations of Electrical Installation

The Inverter shall be powered only in electrical installations with a ground fault circuit
interrupter (GFCI) circuit breakers or residual current device (RCD), according to thecountry technical requirement.
In single-phase installations, the line phase wire shall be protected by a circuit breaker.
Furthermore, the line phase wire must be connected to the phase input connector of
the inverter and the line neutral to the neutral input connector of the inverter.

21

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION

Figure 3.14: Phase-Neutral connection
In the case of two-phase installations, it is recommended to use a 2-pole circuit
breaker, because in case of a short circuit both phases of power supply are protected.

Figure 3.15: Phase-Phase connection

3.4

Package information

The inverters are delivered packed in a carton box. Box dimensions can be changed
without previous information.

Storage Conditions
Storage humidity< 85%

Storage ambient
temperature-40 ºC to 85 ºC

22

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION
Quantity

Dimensions

Config #1

9536 x 385 x 227

227±5

Configuration

53

6±

5

±5

385

*Dimensions are in mm.

Figure 3.16: Product package

3.4.1

!

Product discards

WARNING• Do not remove the inverter board from its
case.

!

• Do not incinerate Embraco's inverter. Contact your local authorities, if you need toincinerate this product for disposal.

CAUTION• Inverters should not be mixed with generalwaste.

NOTICE23

!
CHAPTER3. INSTALLATIONWARNINGCAUTION• If you wish to discard this product, pleasecontact your local authorities or dealer forthe correct method of disposal, for proper
treatment, recovery and recycling.

NOTICE• The product package and its internal partitions are made of carton and can be disposed as recyclable waste.

!

• This device is RoHS compliant, nevertheless the correct disposal of this product will
help to save valuable resources and prevent any potential negative effects on human health and the environment (e.g.: toavoid ground disperse) which could otherwise arise from inappropriate handling.

24

Chapter 4

OPERATION!
WARNINGThe CF10B Inverter have support for Serial, Frequency and Drop-In communication
modes.

!
CAUTIONNOTICE

4.1• The inverter is assembled with all communication modes and the control mode ischosen automatically by the inverter.
• Output frequency and motor speed may
have reduced range based on maximum
working conditions of the respective compressor, not following some specific set
point conditions. For detailed operating
range of the selected compressor, pleasecontact Embraco Technical Support.

Frequency control mode

In this operation mode the compressor speed is controled through a frequency signal
sent to the inverter. Usually this signal is provided by an electronic thermostat.
The frequency signal is a digital square wave and its characteristics are described on
Signal specification table and figure below.

25

CHAPTER 4. OPERATION

15V

Signal specifications

On state

Voltage range-5 V to +15 V

OFF state-5 V to +0.7 V

ON state+4.5 V to +15 V

4.5V
0.7V

Maximum duty-cycle

70%

-5V

Minimum duty-cycle

30%

Maximum current

15 mA @ 15 V

Indefinite state
Off state

Figure 4.1: Signal levels for frequency control mode

From 0.7 V to 4.5 V the inverter behaviour is indefinite, therefore, it is not recommended to use signals within this range. The following figure presents a graphic example of an input frequency signal of 125 Hz sent to the inverter. The digital signal
duty-cycle can vary in the range of 30% to 70%.
Signal control shape
15
Amplitude [V]Duty-cycle: 50%
10
5
0
0

2

4

6

8

10 12 14
Time [ms]

16

18

20

22

The compressor will follow frequency signal sent to the inverter according to the relation described on the following table and illustrated on the graph below.
Input Frequency
Signal [Hz]VNE compressor
speed [RPM]

VEG and FMF
compressor speed[RPM]

0 to 5000

50 to 60

2000

1800

60 to 66

2000

30 x Hz

66 to 150

30 x Hz30 x Hz

>150

4500

4500

26

CHAPTER 4. OPERATION
Compressor speed versus Frequency signal
150Hz
4,500RPM

4,500
4,000

Speed [RPM]

3,500
3,000

66Hz
2,000RPM

50Hz
2,000RPM

2,500
2,000

50Hz
1,800RPM

1,500

60Hz
1,800RPM

1,000
500
0
0

20

40

80
100
60
Frequency [Hz]

120

140

160

The Figure 4.2 shows the electrical connections to perform frequency conmmunication between an electronic thermostat and CF10B Inverter Control connector. For
Frequency Control Mode, the input resistance is 1.2 kΩ.

VCC

Thermostat TX

CN 203 pinout:

Inverter board

PIN 1 – Signal from Thermostat
PIN 2 – Thermostat GND

Figure 4.2: Electrical schematic of frequency communication

VCC

Inverter TX

CN 204

Thermostat TX

1

1

2

2

3

3

VCC

Thermostat RX
CN 204 pinout:

VCC

PIN 1 – Signal from Thermostat
PIN 2 – Thermostat GND
PIN 3 – Signal toThermostat

Collector current
range: 1 mA to 2 mA

Inverter RX

27

CHAPTER 4. OPERATION

4.2

Drop-In control mode

The Drop-In mode is a CF10B Inverter control mode, where single thermostat contact
is used to set the compressor running conditions. Drop-In mode allows the application to any refrigeration system with a simple ON/OFF thermostat, without needinga rotation control signal through serial or frequency communication. The compressor speed will be adjusted automatically by the Inverter, in accordance to the thermalload variation. This solution has 2 versions, the Default Drop-In and the Smart Drop-In.

4.2.1

Default Drop-In

Not recommended for new designs

This solution was designed with a focus on efficiency, where the control logic is divided
in two main parts: when the compressor is energized by the first time (pull-down) andwhen the compressor is cycling (aﬅer the thermostat has switched off the compressor
for the first time).
First time Pull-down
Aﬅer 3 minutes of intermediary speed, the speed is increased to maximum and it is
kept at this rotation until the thermostat opens, switching the compressor off.
Normal cycling
Compressor speed increases and decreases proportional to thermal load variation
during compressor running time. Optimum speed will be targeted to minimize energy
consumption. If thermal load remains constant for a period longer than 20 minutes,
the compressor speed is increased.
Normal Cycling

Pull-down

Speed [RPM]max
Optimum speed targeting2355
minDrop-in logic

open

Thermostat
0

close
Time

Figure 4.3: Compressor speed versus thermostat behavior Default Drop-in

28

CHAPTER 4. OPERATION

4.2.2

Smart Drop-In

Recommended for new designs

The Smart Drop-In was designed with focus on cooling capacity, but always considering good system efficiency. This solution provides a customization tool that allows
the routine to be parameterized and adjusted for each refrigeration system.
The logic is divided in four mains parts: Pull-down, Stability Routine, Heavy Duty Routine and Defrost Routine. The Stability, Heavy Duty and Defrost Routine begin to run
in parallel aﬅer Pull-down is completed.
First time Pull-down
Whenever the inverter is powered up, Drop-in is set to the pull-down state, where thecompressor runs on the maximum allowed speed, generating more cooling capacity
to reduce the pull-down time. This state is kept until thermal load reach stability.
Stability Routine
The stability cycling is the main routine of Smart Drop-in. This routine will select thebest speed to run the compressor, in order to achieve the target cycle duration. The
target duration is set by the system’s manufacturer through the customization tool
via computer.
Heavy Duty Routine
The heavy duty is a routine running on the background, that keeps checking the compressor’s load to identify disturbances and exceptional cases of the system. Basedon inverter electrical parameters variation, which represents the thermal load curve,
it takes decisions of change or not the speed.
Defrost RoutineThis routine is used for greater accuracy in detecting defrost, reducing the time ofdefrost (e.g. Hot-Gas) and accelerating the recovery in the post-defrosting (e.g. HotGas and Heater).

29

CHAPTER 4. OPERATION

Normal Cycling

Pull-down

Speed recovery(thermal load disturbance)

Speed [RPM]max

Stable Speed
2600
min

SDI logic
open
Thermostat

0

close
Time

Figure 4.4: Compressor speed versus thermostat behavior Smart Drop-in

For more information, such as ’Quick start guide’, Smart Drop-In manual, application
notes and tutorial videos, please access our website Embraco Smart Drop-In.

4.2.3

Defrost input (optional)

The Defrost input is an additional control signal for Drop-in logic, which allows the
Inverter to improve the product performance by detecting when a defrost happened.
For the Default Drop-in, the Defrost input sets the compressor at maximum capacity
WARNINGand keeps
it for two cycles. The Drop-in input still defines the compressor state, i.e.
on/off operation.
For the Smart Drop-in, the Defrost input will be compared to the Drop-in input to
detect if appliance is operating with a Heater (resistance) or Hot-gas defrost, acting
differently in each case. The logic sets the compressor at maximum capacity during a Hot-gas defrosts. In both cases, the post-defrost cycle is performed with higher
speed, in order to recover the appliance temperatures. More information can be foundon ourCAUTION
website Embraco Smart Drop-In.

!
!

NOTICE• The Drop-in input still defines the compressor state, i.e. on/off operation.

30

CHAPTER 4. OPERATION

4.2.4

Connection

The Drop-In mode connection shall be wired according to Figure 4.5. The connection
is an Energized Contact and must be used when the thermostat control signal is energized directly from the AC phase. This signal is usually called Thermostat Return
Signal.

!

Figure 4.5: Energized Contact Drop-In connection

WARNING!
CAUTIONNOTICE• When opened, the thermostat and defrost
control impedance must be higher than
380 kΩ. Otherwise the compressor can run
continuously, without ever turning off.

• All main parameters, such as minimum
and maximum speed are described at compressor datasheet.

31

!
CHAPTER 4. OPERATIONWARNING

4.3

Serial control modeThis option is used when an electronic thermostat controls the CF10B Inverter uses
a serial communication protocol. Based on Embraco protocol it is possible to define
the compressor speed and check other parameters.

!

CAUTION
VCC• Avoid the use of serial communication withinverter while using the ‘You Control’ interface.

NOTICE

4.3.1

Thermostat TX

Serial specifications and Internal Circuit

The Serial Control mode has an isolated input stage provided by the usage of optocouplers. The circuit on Figure
4.6 shows the electrical connections to perform serial
CN 203 pinout:
communication between
anelectronic
thermostat and CF10B Inverter serial connecPIN 1 – Signal from Thermostat
PIN 2 – Thermostat GND
tor (CN204).
The input resistance for serial communication, shown in Figure 4.6, is 1.2 kΩ.
VCC

Inverter board
Inverter TX

CN 204

Thermostat TX

1

1

2

2

3

3

VCC

Thermostat RX
CN 204 pinout:

VCC

PIN 1 – Signal from Thermostat
PIN 2 – Thermostat GND
PIN 3 – Signal toThermostat

Collector current
range: 1 mA to 2 mA

Inverter RX

Figure 4.6: Electrical schematic of serial communication
To guarantee the correct functionality of serial communication, the signal to be sent
to the inverter must be according to the following values.

32CHAPTER 4. OPERATION

15V
FALSE state

Signal specifications
Voltage range-5 V to +15 V

TRUE state-5 V to +0.7 V

FALSE state+4.5 V to +15 V

Maximum current

2 mA @ 15 V

4.5V
0.7V

Indefinite state
TRUE state-5V
Figure 4.7: Signal levels for serial
communication

Amplitude [V]Example: 39h sent to inverter
Data bits

Start
bit

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Stop
bit

FALSE

TRUE

FALSE

FALSE

TRUE

TRUE

TRUE

FALSE

FALSE

TRUE

↑

Time

The identification byte (1st byte), is used for command synchronization. Aﬅer inverter
identifies a valid A5h, it starts to read the next 4 bytes. Aﬅer reading, a response will
be sent as indicated on ”Receive commands structure” table. No response will besent until the inverter recognizes a byte A5h. There is a time out of 2 seconds toreceive the entire command aﬅer inverter identifies one A5h. Aﬅer this time out, a
new synchronization will start.
Basic specification
Communication type

UART (Half-Duplex)

Baud rate

600 baud

ParityNone

Flow control

None

Unit size

5 Bytes

Electronic thermostat

Host

Inverter

Slave

33

CHAPTER 4. OPERATION
To perform serial communication between a computer (RS-232) and the CF10B Inverter serial connection, please contact Embraco Technical Support to receive instructions.

4.3.2

Commands
Command structure

1st Byte

2nd Byte

3rd Byte

4th Byte

5th Byte

Identification (ID)Command (CMD)

LSB*

MSB**

Checksum***(CK)*Least significant Byte (LSB) of Data. Example: Data=ABCDh, thus Data low=CDh.
**Most significant Byte (MSB) of Data. Example: Data=ABCDh, thus Data high=ABh.
***Checksum=100h - (S14h AND 0FFh), where S14h is the addition of Bytes 1 to 4.

Transmit commands structure
Command

ID

CMD

LSB

MSB

CK

Set speed

A5h

C3h

Speed [RPM]

CK

Read set speed

A5h

3Ch

80h

39h

CK

Read operation status

A5h

3Ch

83h

39h

CK

Read power

A5h

3Ch

82h

39h

CK

Read starting trials

A5h

3Ch

81h

39h

CK

Read bus voltage

A5h

3Ch

84h

39h

CK

Read temperature

A5h

3Ch

88h

39h

CK

Read power limitation

A5h

3Ch

8Ah

39h

CK

Serial set speed
overwrite

A5h

69h

[Note]

93h

CK

34

CHAPTER 4. OPERATION
Receive commands structure
Response to:

ID

CMD

LSB

MSB

CK

Set speed

5Ah

83h

Status*CK

Read set speed

5Ah

80h

Speed [RPM]

CK

Read operation status

5Ah

83h

Status*CK

Read power

5Ah

82h

Power [W]

CK

Read starting trials

5Ah

81h

Number of trials

CK

Read bus voltage

5Ah

84h

Voltage [V]CKRead temperature

5Ah

88h

Temperature [ºC x 10]

CK

Read power limitation

5Ah

8Ah

Power limitation [W]

CK

Serial set speed
overwrite

A5h

C3h

[Note]00h

CK

Communication error

5Ah

Code**

FFh

FFh

CK

*See Status Data table.
**See Error Code table[Note]: Serial set speed overwrite status/command:
00h – Serial set speed does not overwrite the thermostat set point
01h – Serial set speed overwrites the thermostat set point
Remark: if there is no serial communication for more than 4 h then the overwrite
command is resetted.

Status Data
H Bit

LSB

MSB

Description

-

-

00h

Compressor running

-

-

FFh

Compressor stopped (waiting for avalid start speed)

0

01h

FFh

Start failure

1

02h

-

Overload protection (Note 1)

1

02h

FFh

Overload (Note 3)

2

04h

FFh

Under speed (1550 rpm or lower)

3

08h

FFh

Wrong rotor position

4

10h

FFh

Short circuit

5

20h

FFh

Over temperature failure (Note 6)

7

80h

-

Set speed data out of specification(Note 2)

7

80h

FFh

Set speed data out of specification(Note 4)35

CHAPTER 4. OPERATION
Note 1 : This response occurs when compressor is running with a high load. If theData High byte is 00h, compressor is still running.
Note 2 : Response to the out-of-spec set speed data received while the comp is
running.
Note 3 : This response occurs when compressor is stopped due to high load.
Note 4 : Response to the out-of-spec set speed data received while the comp is
stopped.
Note 5 : When one or more errors occur, the corresponding bits “H” are set to 1.
Example: Overload and Under speed: 0xFF06
Note 6 : The over temperature failure refers to when the inverter turns off due to thetemperature overcoming 105°C, not to the temperature protection actuating.
Error Code
Code

Error

F0h

Error in 4th Byte

F2h

Checksum error

F4hCommand error

F8hError in the 3rd Byte

If compressor is stopped due to a failure (see Data Status table), it is possible toreset that failure sending a speed command to turn inverter off (0 rpm set speed).
However, if nothing is done, the failure reset will occur aﬅer 8 minutes and then thecompressor will try to restart. The following example shows a situation where thecompressor speed is set at 2000 RPM.

36

CHAPTER 4. OPERATION
Example: Set compressor at 2000 RPM
Step 1: select proper command
Command for selecting a speed is Set speed
ID →A5h
CMD →C3h
Step 2: transform speed from decimal into hexadecimal base2000d →07D0h
Step 3: split lower and higher Bytes
LSB →D0h
MSB →07h
Step 4: calculate sum of first 4 Bytes
S14h=A5h+C3h+D0h+07h
S14h→23Fh
Step 5: boolean logic to maintain sum as 8-bit
L14h=0FFh AND S14h
L14h →3Fh!

Step 6: calculate checksum
CK=100h-(0FFh AND S14h)=100h-3Fh

WARNING CK= →C1h
Command: A5h C3h D0h 07h C1h!
CAUTION• To avoid noise increasing and damages tothe compressor due to mechanical resonance, some operating speeds are forbidden by soﬅware for all control modes.

NOTICE• When one or more errors occur, the corresponding “H” bits are set to 1. Example:
Overload and Under speed LSB →06h.
• The Frequency and Drop-In modes canhave serial communication only for monitoring purpose. This functionality can beused for product diagnostic.

37

Chapter 5

DIAGNOSTICS
The CF10B Inverter has two diagnostics methods, by visual light emission using a LED
indication, or by serial communication protocol.

5.1

LED indication

The LED diagnostics function helps services technicians to diagnose possible fault
components by blinking a LED inside the box in different patterns. Basically, it indicates if there is a problem with Compressor, CF10B Inverter or Thermostat. The tablebelow describes the failure modes.

LED Status

PeriodColor

Description

1 Flash30 seconds

Green

Normal operation

2 Flashes

5 seconds

Green

Communication problem

3 Flashes

5 seconds

Red

Inverter problem

4 Flashes

5 seconds

OrangeCompressor problem

No Flash––

No input power / Damaged
inverter

38

CHAPTER 5. DIAGNOSTICS

5.2

Troubleshooting

The following tables shows some possible problems and the best action to deal withthem.
Compressor does not start
Problem

ActionCompressor disconnected from theinverter.

·Verify compressor cable connection.

No AC power supply; or wrong
voltage/terminals connected.

·Verify AC input cable connection andmeasure AC input voltage.

No control signal input or bad connection.
Blown fuse (due to previous major
failure).
Open compressor motor winding.

Compressor with locked rotor (due tomechanical damage).
Dropped, damaged, burnt inverter.

Inverter on waiting time aﬅer failed start.

Demagnetized rotor (only if compressor
was previously connected directly to the
AC power supply).
Unequaled pressures between discharge
and suction pressures in the refrigerating
system.
Low input voltage supplied to theinverter.

·Verify control input cable connection andmeasure the signal from the thermostat.
·Return the unit to manufacturer,
replacing it by new one.
·Measure winding for open circuit
between all pair of pins on the hermetic
terminal. If any winding is open, return
compressor to manufacturer.
·Replace compressor by new one and test
for confirmation. Return damaged unit to
manufacturer.
·Replace by new one and test for
confirmation. Return damaged unit to
manufacturer.
·Wait the necessary time or reset theinverter disconnecting it from the AC
power supply. The reset time is about
50s.
·Replace compressor by a new one andtest for confirmation. Return damaged
unit to manufacturer.
·Allow the Inverter to equalize pressure
between suction and discharge sides.
·Measure AC voltage to confirm.

39

CHAPTER 5. DIAGNOSTICS
Compressor does not run at the selected speed
ProblemHigh compression load, with compressor
being subjected to a stall condition.

Compressor always on pulldown cycle forDrop-In Mode.

No or incorrect control signal.

Action·Review system design,refrigerant gas
load or compressor capacity is notsuitable for the application. If system isapropriated designed, speed will reach set
value when load condition is stabilized.
·In Drop-In mode, check if the inverter AC
input is connected to thermostat output.
Inverter AC input should be directly
connected to AC power supply (seeDrop-In mode schematic).
·Check if the appropriate control signal isbeing correctly applied to the Control
Input Connection.

40

DISCLAIMER
The CF10B Inverter is for use exclusively with the Embraco compressors. ALL PRODUCT, PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS AND DATA ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN OR OTHERWISE. Embraco, itsaffiliates, agents, and employees, and all persons acting on its or their behalf (collectively, “Embraco”), disclaim any and all liability for any errors, inaccuracies or incompleteness contained in any datasheet or in any other disclosure relating to any
product. Embraco makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding thesuitability of the products for any particular purpose or the continuing production of
any product. To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Embraco disclaims(i) any and all liability arising out of the application or use of any product, (ii) any andall liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages,and (iii) any and all implied warranties, including warranties of fitness for particularpurpose, non infringement and merchantability. Statements regarding the suitabilityof products for certain types of applications are based on Embraco’s knowledge of typical requirements that are oﬅen placed on Embraco products in generic applications.
Such statements are not binding statements about the suitability of products for aparticular application. It is the customer’s responsibility to validate that a particular
product with the properties described in the product specification is suitable for use
in a particular application. Parameters provided in datasheets and/or specifications
may vary in different applications and performance may vary over time. All operating
parameters, including typical parameters, must be validated for each customer application by the customer’s technical experts. Product specifications do not expand
or otherwise modify Embraco’s terms and conditions of purchase, including but notlimited to the warranty expressed therein. Except as expressly indicated in writing,Embraco products are not designed for use in medical, life-saving, or life-sustaining
applications or for any other application in which the failure of the Embraco productcould result in personal injury or death. Customers using or selling Embraco products
not expressly indicated for use in such applications do so at their own risk. Please contact authorized Embraco personnel to obtain written terms and conditions regarding
products designed for such applications.No license, express or implied, by estoppel orotherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document or by any
conduct of Embraco. Product names and markings noted herein may be trademarksof their respective owners. All rights reserved.

CONTACTIf aﬅer these instructions you still have doubts, please
do not hesitate to contact our Technical Support.
www.embraco.com