Disclaimer
This report was compiled by an ADRC visiting researcher (VR) from ADRC
member countries.
The views expressed in the report do not necessarily reflect the views ofthe ADRC. The boundaries and names shown and the designations usedon the maps in the report also do not imply official endorsement or
acceptance by the ADRC.

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
1. General Information
1.1 Geography
Kyrgyz Republic - a country on the eastern part of Central Asia, located in thewestern and central part of the Tien Shan and the northern part of the Pamirs. The
territory is 199.9 kilometers, of which 5.5% of the area is forested, 4.4% - water 53.5% farmland.
Kyrgyz Republic borders:- In the north – with Kazahstan- In the west – with Uzbekistan- In the east – with China- In the south – with Tajikistan

The territory of Kyrgyzstan is located within the two mountain ranges.
North-eastern part, the larger the area lies within the Tian Shan, southwest - in thePamir-Alai. The state borders of Kyrgyzstan are mostly along the crests of mountain
ranges.
The entire territory of the republic lies above 401 meters above sea level, more thanhalf of its located at altitudes of 1,000 to 3,000 m and about a third - altitudes of 3,000 to
4,000 m. Mountain ranges occupy about a quarter of the territory and extend parallel
chains mainly in the attitudinal direction.

1.2 Climate
The climatic conditions of Kyrgyzstan are determined by its geographical position.
Most of the territory of the republic is located in the temperate climate zone, southernzone are in a subtropical climate. In that case the climate of Kyrgyzstan is continental.
Considerable complexity of the relief of the republic - the deep dissection, the slopes ofdifferent exposures to the sun and the air flow creates an exceptional diversity of theclimate and defines a distinct vertical climatic zones. Here we can allocate four climatic
zones, markedly differing:• Valley-foothill zone (500 - 600 m 900 - 1200 m), characterized by hot summers (upto 28 C), moderately cool and snowless winter with great precipitation deficit. The
average July temperature is 20-25 C, in January -4 ... -7 C.

• Mid-zone (900 - 1200 m to 2000 - 2200) has a typical temperate climate with warm
summers and moderately cold, steady snow in the winter. The average Julytemperature is 18-19 C, in January -7 ... -8 C in December and February, up to -3 ... -5 C.

• Alpine zone (2000 - 2200 m 3000 - 3500 m) differs cool summers and cold, sometimes
snowy winters. The average July temperature is 11-16 C, in January -8 ... -10 C.

• Nival zone (3,500 m and above) is characterized by severe, very cold climate. This is abelt snowfields, rock, glaciers. At the bottom of the average July temperature is 4-7 ° C,in January -10 ... -22 C.

In climatically Kyrgyzstan has great variety. The warmest area is valley-foothill zone ofOsh, Jalal-Abad and Batken regions, where the average annual temperature is 11-13 C,
in the highlands average temperature is -8 C. District Ak-Sai - "cold pole" of
Kyrgyzstan: here marked the absolute minimum air temperature (-3.6 C)
1.3 Demography
Population of the Kyrgyz Republic - 5.5 million (1 January 2011). This is much morethan living in the country in 1959 (2,065 million), 1970 (2935000) 1979 (3523000) 1989
(4258000), 1999 (4,823,000). Until the 1960’s, the republic's population grew rapidly dueto migration and natural increase, which was particularly significant in rural Kyrgyz,Uzbek and other Central Asian peoples.
Most of the population is concentrated in the foothill valleys - Chu on the border withKazakhstan and the Ferghana on the border with Uzbekistan, Naryn and Talas valleys,and in the Issyk-Kul basin.
The vast majority of believers in Kyrgyzstan - Sunni Muslims. There are 75% ofMuslims, 25% of Christians and 5% of Orthodox, Catholic etc.

1.4
1.4 Nature

Nature of Kyrgyzstan is unique, and largely thanks to its geographical location. Thecountry is located in the mainland, away from oceans and seas and the hidden breath ofthe dry deserts of the south and north of the icy winds by high mountains. Complex
terrain, many climates and unique environmental conditions contributed to a hugevariety of flora and fauna of the country.
Almost all natural complex of Kyrgyzstan is mountainous - the main part of thecountry. In Kyrgyzstan, there is a great variety of untrodden mountain trails andpristine corners, not spoiled by attention of thousands of tourists. Pristine mountainnature lovers flock here from all over the world - the largest mountain ranges occupy
about 65% of the country, and that's not counting the foothills. Mountain with wide
Open and Closed basins and determine the features of the country's climate and naturein general. It even has its own "Arctic" - more than 6500 glaciers of different sizes.
In general, the climate is continental and very dry; the four seasons are expressed
clearly. In the valleys and foothills quite hot in the summer, while in the alpine zone,
even in summer it gets pretty cold.
In the mountains, you can find many rare and endangered species listed in the Red
Book. Among them, wild rams the Central Asian otter, gray lizards, red wolves, and thetrue ruler of the Kyrgyz Mountains, magnificent snow leopard.

Kyrgyzstan has huge water resources, the bulk of whom are mountain streams, lakes
and reservoirs. In total there are over 28,000 rivers and sources. , And the length of all
the channels is at least 10 kilometers. The largest lake in Kyrgyzstan - is Issyk-Kul.
Here its proudly called "The Pearl," and for good reason. It lies at an altitude of 1600
meters above sea level, on all sides by the mighty mountain ranges. Issyk-Kul isincredibly beautiful - sandy bottom, amazingly clear water and bright sun, piercing him

through and changing the water color from pale blue to blue-black. "Issyk-Kul" in
Kyrgyz means "hot lake" - its water does not freeze even in winter, and in summer theupper layers are heated to 25 degrees.

2. Natural Hazards in the Country
Country
2.1 Natural Hazards likely to affect the country
The mountain relief, various climate zone define activity of nature processes whichlead to emergency situations. Among of 70 kinds of widespread in the world dangerous
natural processes in Kyrgyzstan are developed more than 20, more dangerous is:-

Mudslides, floods-

Earthquake-

Hurricanes, High winds-

Avalanches-

Landslides-

Flooding-

Snowfall

Period2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Amount of209

312

227

439

241

93281

71

158

67815 813

1 194 693

156 589

516 910935 325

emergencies
Amount ofvictims
Propertydamage

In 2011 on the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic reported 241 emergency situations,
including:-Mudslides, floods – 61-

Large fires – 60-

Earthquake – 29-

Hurricanes, high winds – 22-

Avalanches – 19-

Landslides – 12-

Ice jam – 6-

Flooding – 3-

Snowfall – 4

2.2 Recent major disasterOnce of recent emergencies in the Kyrgyz Republic – it’s earthquake in the south of
the republic. According to information of the Institute of Seismology of the National
Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic from 20.07.11 at 01.35 hrs local time
recorded earthquake in the epicenter of 7-8 points.
The earthquake was located to the east of Batken, 52 km, 7 km east of the settlement
Kahn and 125 km south-west of the city of Osh.
The earthquake was felt in a. Soviet -7-8 points v. Haydarken - 7 points, Batken - 6points, Kyzyl-Kiya and Nookat - 5.5 points, Osh - 5 points, Tash-Kөmүr - 3-4 points,
Bishkek 2-3 - points.
To clarify the epicenter of the earthquake on the ground was working group ofexperts from the Institute of Seismology of National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz
Republic.
In order to promptly respond to the consequences of the earthquake at 02.00 pm
20.07.11 was declared emergency signal "Collection." for governing and operational
compositions which were caught in the zone. Main objective was to evaluate themagnitude of the emergency situation in the areas closest to the epicenter of theearthquake. It was set up four task forces on Kadamdjay, Halmionskomu,
Aydarkenskomu and Uch-Korgon areas, and with appropriate professionals. For theremaining areas also worked district and city commission for civil protection.
In target setting, special attention was paid to the establishment of the number ofdead and injured. As of 14:00 20.07.11g. victims among the population is not fixed. In
hospitals contacted 15 people, including 13 people focused on outpatient care and put 2
people to hospital, diagnosed with a concussion.

The outcome of the Commission for Civil Protection in the areas affected by theearthquake, the situation was as follows.
In a survey of a special commission to study the damage occurred at night on July 20
earthquake in Batken region Kadamjai surveyed 800 buildings, in which are consideredemergency-83.
The earthquake in Batken region of victims among the population is not fixed.
In hospitals contacted 15 people, 13 of them were sent to outpatient treatment and 2people put to hospital with a diagnosis of "concussion."

3. Disaster management system
3.1 Administrative system in country
Action plan for civil protection established by the Government of the Kyrgyz
Republic on the basis of the principle of reasonable sufficiency and use of available
forces and means.
Activities carried out by the Civil Protection forces and resources of state agencies,local administrations, local authorities and organizations on whose territory anemergency.
Ministry of Emergency Situations, as the single authorized state body in the field ofcivil protection:- performs state management and coordination of the activities of state authorities at
all - levels in the field of civil protection;- carries out when the collection and processing of information in the field of civil
protection, and exchange;- organizes and coordinates the preparation of government, civil defense forces andthe public in the field of civil protection.
To reduce the risk of emergency situations MES improves the following activities:- monitoring and forecasting of emergency situations;- carrying out preventive and protective measures;- rapid response to emergency situations.
The Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Kyrgyz Republic entrusted theimplementation of unified state policy in the field of civil protection, fire protection,
nuclear and radiation safety and hydrometeorology
3.2 Legal System and Framework
Ministry of Emergency situations (MES) is a government body of the executive
authorities of the Kyrgyz Republic in the field of civil protection, fire protection, nuclearand radiation safety and meteorology. Activities of the Ministry as a whole supports theimplementation of forecasting natural hazards, technological processes and events,
event planning Civil Protection, prevention, preventative countermeasures emergency
conditions in peace and war time, organization, and search and rescue, disasterrecovery and other urgent work, emergency response.
Legislation of Ministry of Emergency situations has few documents for disastermanagement in the Kyrgyz Republic. There are:-Law of the Kyrgyz Republic on "Civil Protection" from 20 July 2009.

-

Law of the Kyrgyz Republic "On Fire Safety" from December 30, 2009.

-

Law of the Kyrgyz Republic "On Radiation Safety" from February 28, 2003-

Law of the Kyrgyz Republic "On the emergency rescue services and status"-from December 30, 2009-

Law of the Kyrgyz Republic "On the tailings and waste dumps" from April
17, 2009

3.3 Structure of the Disaster Management
Activities for Civil Protection Ministry performs in concert with other executive
bodies and local authorities, associations, international and non-governmentalorganizations directly and through its subordinate agencies.
The aim of the Ministry is to implement a unified state policy in the field of civil
protection, fire protection, nuclear and radiation safety and meteorology.

Structure of Ministry of Emergency situations
MINISTRY OF EMERGENCYSITUATIONSSITUATIONS

Department of MES of areas

Department of monitoring,
forecasting emergency situations
Agency of Hydrometeorologies

Agency of the govern
governmental fireservice
The governmental enterprise

Agency under the reference with

“Aviations enterprise”
enterprise”

tailings

The centre of preparation andThe governmental enterprise

retraining of experts civil“Spaspromservice”
Spaspromservice”

protection

Management of “Selvodzashchita”
Selvodzashchita”

The centers on reaction on ES(Northern and Southern)

Diving Service

The mechanized bases of reaction
to ES

Military units (GCPR, Republican

Department under the preventions

separate saving group, rescue

and liquidations of consequences ofServices

emergency situations

Also MES has principal functions as per the act the as follows:-Development and implementation of legal provisions for the protection of thepopulation and territory of the Kyrgyz Republic from emergency;-The implementation of targeted scientific and technical programs aimed to theprevention of emergency situations and increase sustainability of the industrial
and social purposes in emergency situations;-Preparedness government civil defense forces and resources of state authoritiesand local self-government;-Collection, processing, exchange and provision of information in the field of civilprotection;-

Training and development of managers and employees of state agencies andlocal governments at all levels;-

Training of the population in emergency situations;-

Prediction and assessment of the socio-economic impact of disasters;-

Implementation of measures to prevent emergencies;-

The creation of financial and material reserves for emergencies;-

Implementation of state supervision of industrial, mining, fire safety and control
in the field of civil protection;-

International cooperation in the field of population and territory of the Kyrgyz
Republic of emergency;-

Establishing and maintaining the readiness of shelters and anti-radiation
shelter, spare control centers, communication systems and alerts for in a timely
manner to the public about the danger signals arising in peace and war;

-The protection of farm animals, plants, food, raw food, fodder, water sources andwater supply in emergency situations;-

Emergency response;-

Evacuation of the population, material and cultural values in the safe areas;-

Restoration of municipal technical services and communications;-

Implementation of health care, survival of the population;-

Carrying out rescue and other emergency operations in emergency situations;-

Detection and identification of areas affected by radioactive, chemical, biologicaland other contamination;-

Implementation of measures to decontaminate people, vehicles, buildings andother facilities;-Activities to light and other forms of camouflage;-Implementation of studies to assess the risk to the population and territories
from emergency situations of possible natural and man-made disasters;-Carrying out other activities.

CIVIL PROTECTION MANAGEMENT BODIES

National

Prime minister – Head of Civil Protection

Level

Commission

16 Ministries and Committees ofMINISTRY OF EMERGENCY

Government of the Kyrgyz

SITUATIONS OF THE KYRGYZ

Republic

REPUBLIC
Minister of MES KR – Deputy
Head of Civil Protection

Emergency situation

Regional andHead of region or property – Head of Civil

Properties level

Protection Commission
Regional subsub-unitsof MES KRES4. Disaster Management Strategy:
Strategy: Policy and Plan
29 of February 2012 in the Crisis Management Center of MES KR, chaired by theDeputy Prime Minister of the Kyrgyz Republic Aaly Karashev held a meeting of thegoverning Civil Protection of the Kyrgyz Republic. In the meeting participated theleaders - heads of civil defense ministries and administrative agencies, civil protection
services, governors - heads the Civil Protection of areas, mayors - Heads of Civil
Protection of Bishkek, and guidance MES
The main objective of the meeting was to identify the main areas of work ofministries, administrative agencies, services, CP republic, governors and local
authorities to further the maintenance of the state system of civil protection in theRepublic of readiness to perform its tasks. The main of them are:-As soon as possible to develop and submit to the Government of the Kyrgyz
Republic of the Special Action Programme to reduce the risk of large-scaledisasters;-

take measures to implement the provisions of the Unified information
management system in emergency and crisis situations, and to begin to reformthe communication and public warning system about emergencies nationwide
integrated system of informing and alerting the public-raise the level of training of all links of leaders of the Civil Protection of KR andpopulation from emergency situations of natural and man-made disasters;-

further develop and gradually equip special equipment and rescue equipment
and fire department and etc.

5. Progress of Implementation of Hyogo framework for Action (HFA)In September 2000, 191 countries, including the Kyrgyz Republic, adopted theMillennium Declaration. By signing this declaration, Kyrgyzstan, like other states, has
expressed its commitment to the eight key commitments set out in the Millennium
Development Goals. One of them is to reduce poverty and achieve sustainable
environmental development. However, achieving these goals is impossible without
security of the population and territories from emergency situations of various kinds.
That this problem has been the focus of the UN World Conference on Disaster
Reduction, held in early 2005 in Japan, in the city of Kobe. This conference adopted theHyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2015. "Building the resilience of nations andcommunities to disaster". Its main objective is to strengthen the resilience of nations
and peoples by a substantial reduction of disaster losses by 2015.
By signing the Hyogo Declaration and the Hyogo Framework for Action, Kyrgyzstan
has committed to conduct national measures aimed at reducing vulnerability todisasters, through the introduction and implementation of initiatives to reduce the risk
mitigation.
One of the main obligations of the Hyogo Framework for Action is to create aNational Platform for disaster risk reduction, which would include a coordinating bodyof government, scientific institutions, expert groups and technical working groups fordirections.
Following its obligations, Kyrgyz Republic start working on the National Platform,
and at 8 of May 2011 was announced about establishment of National Platform, andfrom 1 of June 2011 it started to work.
National platform for disaster risk reduction (NP DRR) is designed to strengthen theresilience of the country to the impact of disasters through the creation of an effective
mechanism for disaster risk management, development and implementation of aprogram for the development of the country's strategic program and target measures toreduce disaster risks.
Secretariat of the National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction was established by
the order of Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Kyrgyz Republic from the staff ofthe Ministry and is designed for organizational methods of the National Platform fordisaster risk reduction
References:
1. http://mes.kg/?p=13027
2. http://mes.kg/?p=462&lang=ru

3.http://www.gov.kg/?p=5324