2022

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He will play a video game.
He will do his homework.
He will eat dinner.
He will meet John.

Because he got up late in the morning.
Because he wanted to buy a book.
Because he started running today.

To a movie theater.
To a restaurant.
To a shopping mall.
To their house.
For 15 minutes.
For 30 minutes.
For 45 minutes.
For an hour.

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When we are walking outside, we often see yellow blocks on the ground.
blocks.
.

Braille means

They are *braille, and the word

the *inventor of

Braille blocks are not so important for many people, but they are very important for *blindpeople.

Thanks to braille blocks, they can walk safely.

Braille blocks are used in many countries

in the world.

According to research in 2016, they were used in 75 countries, such as the USA, China

and the UK.

Although braille was *invented by a French person, the inventor of braille blocks wasJapanese.
The man who invented braille blocks is Miyake Seiichi.
5, 1926.

When he grew up, he had ain Okayama.

He was born in Okayama on February
He also worked as an inventor.

when he was walking along the street, he saw a person with a *walking cane.
and was going across the street.

In 1963,

The person was blindThen, a car *passed close by the person at a high speed.

Seiichithought it was dangerous, and he wanted blind people to be able to walk outside by themselves safely.
He started to think about a system for that.
Seiichi liked animals very much.
Hideyuki,

He had a dog.

One day the dog had a baby.

Iwahashiheard about it and introduced a dog trainer to Seiichi.

Iwahashi *ran a *facility for blind people, and he was also blind.
some troubles that blind people often had.

Mr.

Mr. Iwahashi told Seiichi about

He also, but I can touch and feelthe idea of braille blocks came to Seiichi s mind.
all blind people to be able tohim.

Seiichi made this goal.

Saburo,Saburo worked at a building company, and he was able to makeblocks fromwas already known by many people inJapan, so Seiichi named the blocks

blocksbraille blocks .

set up near a school for blind people in Okayama in 1965.
They were liked by many people there, and people in other countries also thought the idea was good.
But in those days, Japan

realized that braille blocks

would not spread all over Japan easily.
But in 1970, Seiichi received a *request to set up braille blocks around Takada-no-baba Stationin Tokyo.
blocks.

There were a lot of facilities for blind people in Takada-no-baba, and they needed brailleThanks to the success of this project, braille blocks spread all over Japan.

Seiichi wanted

to introduce braille blocks to the world and visited a lot of countries, but in 1982, he died at the age of56 before reaching his goal.
After Seiichi died, Saburo kept *promoting braille blocks.

Because of his *effort, Seiichi ands became the *standard in Japan in 2001. And in 2012, they became the world
standard.
Now, braille blocks made by the Miyake brothers help many blind people in the world. We
should pay attention to braille blocks and remember what they are for.
bike on braille blocks, blind people could fall down.
blind people.
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If you put your bag or yourIt is important for all people to think aboutbraille blockinventor

walking canepass close by

protruding object
requestblindrunfocus onpromoteinventfacility

welfareeffortstandard

Braille blocks were used in 75 countries in 2016.
A Japanese person invented, and Louis Braille made braille blocks from it.

Seiichi was born in 1926, and his father ran ain Okayama.

A blind person walked outside without a walking cane, and Seiichi thought it was dangerous.
Mr. Iwahashi was a dog trainer and helped Seiichi when his dog had a baby.
Seiichi had the idea of braille blocks after he heard Mr.
Sabu
Because Seiichi named his blocks, and he was able to make braille blocks.
blocks,Braille blocks were set up in Okayama for the first time in the world in 1965.
At first, the braille blocks set up in Okayama were not liked by people in other parts of theworld.
Seiichi wanted to set up braille blocks in Tokyo, so he told people in Takada-no-baba about it.
Seiichi reached his goal in 1982, and he died in the same year at the age of 56.
Saburo stopped promoting braille blocks after Seiichi died.
Thethe world standard after they became the standardin Japan.

-7-There are a lot of *desert islands.

Some of them have never been *connected to any other land.

When you think of a desert island, you may imagine an island with a lot of trees and plants.
think carefully.

Why can we see many plants on islands that are far away from land?

But

Where dothe seeds of the plants come from?
Some seeds come from the sea.
that some fruit is *drifting.

When you are swimming in the sea, you will sometimes findSeeds drift to islands in the same way.

*direction, so many seeds drift to the same island.

Seawater flows in the sameThose seeds grow into plants there.

Some seeds, such as light seeds, are carried to islands by the wind.
always *blow in the same direction.

Some seeds are carried far away, and other seeds fall into thesea before they reach land.
Other seeds are carried by sea birds. If birds eat some fruit on land in one place and fly to an
island across the sea, they carry the seeds in their *stomach. When they get to the island, they leave*droppings, and the seeds in the droppings grow into plants there.

DA

B

C

However, birds can keep seeds they ate on land in their stomach only for about four hours.

Can birds fly to an island in such a short time?

It is still a mystery.

Most plants never move by themselves, but their seeds have different ways of traveling faraway.

But they are all difficult.

Where did the plants around you come from?

to think about it?
desert islandblowconnect tostomach

A

drift

direction

droppings

D

Actually, many trees on desert islands have such fruit.
They eat fruit with beautiful colors, such as red and yellow because they can easily find it.
This shows that birds carried the seeds of those trees in the past.
Then what kind of fruit do birds eat?

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Because ().

How long can birds keep seeds they ate in their stomach?
For ().

What is important for seeds to drift to islands?
Where does the wind come from?
How do seeds of plants get to desert islands?
Why do birds eat fruit with beautiful colors?

-9-((I((()()()()()()(itlikethat rockwhenseena)()()()()()(whothinkthe singer

know

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whichthrow away)()()()()()())) from here.
islooks)()().

that)() anymore.
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studying

the story

interested inabroad

mademoreabout

to Americameyour trip- 10 -

It has been snowing last week.
If I were you, I w
One of the most popular spots in Japan are Mt. Fuji.
Would you like something hot to drink?
I went to the mountains
Tsuyoshi made a lot of friends during he stayed in Australia.
Everyone looked surprising at the beautiful picture he painted.
I hope you to be a professional tennis player.
This is the most exciting movie that I have ever seen.
When Yuka
I have three cats. One is black and the others are white.
Kazuya likes driving cars which made in Japan.

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(Masaki dibuy anything at the store.

Masaki ()() at the store.

Please tell me where you live.
Please () me () where you live.

May I help you?
() can I do (Kosuke plays soccer () you?

)() Ryo.
should I goJim asked Mr. White where ()().

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