ISO FORM 1
ISO TS/P 311
PROPOSAL FOR A NEW FIELD OF TECHNICAL ACTIVITYPROPOSER:DATE OF CIRCULATION:

Standardization Administration of China (SAC)

2023-05-24
CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2023-08-16

A proposal for a new field of technical activity shall be submitted to the Office of the CEO, which will process
the proposal in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Clause 1.5.
Furthermore, a proposal will be considered as complete if every information field is complete and follows theguidelines for proposing and justifying a new field of activity given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Annex C.
TITLE(Please see the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Annex C, Clause C.4.2)
Mechanical Energy Storage TechnologySCOPE(Please see the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Annex C, Clause C.4.3)
Standardization in the field of mechanical energy storage (MES) technology including terminology,components, functions, design, safety, testing, construction, and maintenance of mechanical energy
storage devices. It focuses on the mechanical and physical aspects of mechanical energy storage
technology and equipment.
Excluded: air compressors, air compression systems, and compressed air handling technologies
covered by ISO/TC 118
 apparatus and measurement of vacuum equipment covered by ISO/TC 112
 flywheel module design and testing on aircraft covered by ISO/TC 20
 elements of spherical plain bearings covered by ISO/TC 4
 pump equipment covered by ISO/TC 115
 pumped storage covered by IEC/TC 4
PURPOSE AND JUSTIFICATION (Please use the field immediately below or attach an annex.)(Please see the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Annex C, Clause C.4.13)
As an alternative to electrochemical storage, mechanical energy storage is an important energy storage
solution with unique advantages and development prospects, which can help transform into a green
and low-carbon energy structure and shift towards a net-zero future. At present, more and more newmechanical energy storage technologies and application scenarios have emerged, such asgravitational energy storage based on structure height difference, mountain drop or underground shaft,flywheel energy storage applied to UPS or wind farm peak shaving, and compressed air energy storage
which uses abandoned mines or caves to seal the air under high pressure. These mechanical energy
storage technologies are generally environmentally friendly, safe and reliable, flexible in construction,
have no limit on the number of charges and discharges, and have excellent development
potential. However, the worldwide development of this technology is slower than expected due to thelack of policy support and international standards.
There are many standards for mechanical energy storage to be prepared, such as:a) the standardization of new gravity energy storage, including classification, site selection andplanning, exceptional structural performance on the operation of MES.
b) the standardization of flywheel energy storage, including mechanical hazard protection,mechanical vibration, operating environment, flywheel material, performance requirements
and evaluation.
c) the standardization of compressed air energy storage, including site planning when using
abandoned mines or caves, design of complex and efficient systems, technical requirements ofturbo-expander, acceptance and maintenance.
d) general characteristics to compare solutions and their overall performance, technicalrequirements of the intelligent control system, energy storage conversion efficiency
performance test, and economic evaluation.
The choice of standards directly affects technical processes, costs, benefits, and project lead time.
Standardizing MES technology can remove trade barriers, improve international market access,support public procurement, and increase operational efficiency. Applying MES standards can also
raise awareness of environmental protection as MES have less impact on the environment and are safer
in operation. Globally recognized standards should be established to match mechanical energy storage
technology development and applications supporting the ISO standardization foresight framework.
There is yet to be a specific Technical Committee in ISO or IEC to prepare relevant standards for MES
itself, especially in mechanical and physical aspects, such as the standards for the equipment andtechnology of gravity energy storage shown in Fig. 1. For instance, ISO/TC 118 focuses on generalstandards for industrial compressed air applications, such as compressed air equipment and energy
conversion devices, without special consideration for compressed air energy storage. IEC/TC 120
focuses on system aspects of EES Systems rather than energy storage devices (“Energy storage
itself is not in the scope of the work.” is also addressed in the scope of IEC/TC120, please see
http://www.iec.ch/dyn/www/f?p=103:7:::::FSP_ORG_ID:9463).

Fig. 1 MES standardization scope illustrated by an example of gravity energy storage.

Mechanical energy storage is valuable to all countries, and sharing experiences and best practices iswelcomed. Countries involved can improve their institutional and technical capabilities and enhance
project management, which helps attract more investment, and thus government can introduce morefavourable policies to boost economic development. These goals align with UN SDG 7 and are closely
related to SDGs 8, 9, 11, and 17.
The lack of an organization for standards management in this field could increase the gaps among
manufacturers in product function, performance, and compatibility. Moreover, inadequate safety,reliability and efficiency standards undermine technological improvement and market growth inmechanical energy storage. Establishing the proposed TC facilitates the development of international
standards in the planning, design, construction, and management of mechanical energy storages andpromotes connections with related TCs to ensure technical feasibility and standards implementation.
All of this help boost the scaled application of this technology worldwide, thus stimulating the healthy
and rapid development of the mechanical energy storage market.
The proposal aims to promote the sustainable development of mechanical energy storage
technologies worldwide through standardization.
PROPOSED INITIAL PROGRAMME OF WORK (Please use the field immediately below or attach an annex)
Please see the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Annex C.4.4 and C-4.5)
For each item, the initial work programme shall define the deliverable type and target dates. The initial work
programme shall also assign priorities to the different items.
After the proposal is approved, the proposed TC prioritizes the following items:
1. Vocabulary (IS, 3 years)
2. Guidelines for MES project planning (IS, 3 years)
3. Feasibility, process, and technical requirements of MES technology (IS, 3 years)
4. Technical and functional requirements for the leading equipment of MES (IS/TR/TS/PAS, 1-5 years)
5. Test methods and performance evaluation of MES technology (IS, 3 years)
6. Risk Management - Safety Specification - Identification and Methodologies for MES technology andequipment (IS, 3 years)
7. Guidelines for the operation and maintenance of the MES project (IS, 3 years)
8. Examples of good practices for MES technology. (TR, 1 year)
Step 1: Carry out detailed experiments and measurements for existing MES technology and equipment,
especially in flywheels, compressed air, and gravity energy storage, to recognize the critical function
and get data on related indicators.
Step 2: Develop standard SBP, which provides a reference for technology selection, effective
prediction, and evaluation and promotes further development of MES technology.
Step 3: Develop ISO documents. Serial guides for Mechanical Energy Storage technology, e.g., terms
and definitions, and planning scheme, are scheduled for publication two years after the establishmentof the new TC.
These projects will be completed within five years of establishing the proposed TC.
RELATION OF THE PROPOSAL TO EXISTING INERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND ON-GOING
STANDARDIZATION WORK☒ The proposer has checked whether the proposed scope of the new committee overlaps with the scope ofany existing ISO or IEC committee or JTC1 sub-committee☐If an overlap or the potential for overlap is identified, the affected committee has been informed and anagreement has been reached between proposer and committee on
i. modification/restriction of the scope of the proposal to avoid overlapping,ii.
☐

potential modification/restriction of the scope of the existing committee to avoid overlapping.

If agreement with the existing committee has not been reached, please explain why the proposal should
be approved.

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☐Have proposals on this subject been submitted into an existing committee and rejected? If so, what werethe reasons for rejection?

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LISTING OF RELEVANT DOCUMENTS (SUCH AS STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS) AT
INTERNATIONAL, REGIONAL AND NATIONAL LEVEL(Please see the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Annex C, Clause C.4.6)
There is no ISO technical committee dedicated to MES technology. Although ISO and IEC havepublished some standards in the field of energy storage, most of them belong to the area ofelectrochemical energy storage or focus on grid integration of the energy storage systems rather thanenergy storage technology. Relevant standards are listed as follows:

ISO 6469-1: 2019 Electrically propelled road vehicles-safety specifications-Part 1: Rechargeableenergy storage system (RESS)
ISO 11011: 2013 Compressed air-energy efficiency-assessment
ISO 16111: 2018 Transportable gas storage devices-Hydrogen absorbed in reversible metalhydride.
IEEE P2030.2-Guide for the Interoperability of Energy Storage Systems Integrated with theElectric Power InfrastructureIEEE P2030.3-Standard for Test Procedures for Electric Energy Storage Equipment and Systemsfor Electric Power Systems Applications
ISO 21648: 2008 Space Systems-Flywheel module design and testing
ISO 11011: 2013 Compressed Air-Energy Efficiency-Assessment
ASME EA-4 Energy Assessment for Compressed Air Systems
UL 9540, the Standard for Energy Storage Systems and Equipment

China has developed some association standards for MES, such as:
1. T/CEC 331-2020 Flywheel energy storage system for electric energy storage
2. T/CNESA 1202-2020 General technical requirements for flywheel energy storage systems
3. T/CNESA 1201-2018 Design specification of gas-gathering pipeline for compressed air energystorage system
4. T/CNESA 1203-2021 Performance test specification for compressed air energy storage systems
LISTING OF RELEVANT COUNTRIES WHERE THE SUBJECT OF THE PROPOSAL IS IMPORTANT TO
THEIR NATIONAL COMMERCIAL INTERESTS(Please see the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Annex C, Clause C.4.8)
Mechanical Energy Storage can provide clean and sustainable energy supply to build a net-zerosociety. The development of MES can bring substantial environmental, social, and economic benefits
to all countries.
Relevant countries, such as: US, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Finland, UK, Denmark, China, andother countries are promoting relevant mechanical energy storage projects such as flywheel energystorage, compressed air energy storage, and gravity energy storage. This technology also has asignificant demand worldwide. Therefore, it is recommended that ISO consider establishing a new TC
responsible for the standardization of MES technology.

LISTING OF RELEVANT EXTERNAL INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OR INTERNAL PARTIES(OTHER THAN ISO AND/OR IEC COMMITTEES) TO BE ENGAGED AS LIASONS IN THIS WORK
(Please see the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Clause C.4.9)
ISO/TC4, ISO/TC22/SC37, ISO/TC112, ISO/TC118/SC6, and IEC/TC120.

IDENTIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF RELEVANT AFFECTED STAKEHOLDER CATEGORIES(Please see ISO Connect)
Benefits/Impacts/Examples
Industry and commerce – large industry

Improve the efficiency, safety, and economy ofconventional power generation and transmission
and is essential for smooth fluctuation, peak load
and frequency management, and large-scale
integration of renewable energies. Among theenergy storage methods, safe and reliablemechanical energy storage can be quickly built-up
and are not limited to charging and discharging
cycles. With the above prospects, the new TC is
proposed to accelerate the application ofstandards in the planning, construction,operation, and maintenance of MES, promoting
the development of the whole energy storage
industry.

Industry and commerce – SMEs

By adopting the harmonized MES standards,
SMEs have opportunities to demonstrate that
their products meet standard requirements.
Moreover, they can discuss and find solutions tocommon problems, increasing the safety andreliability of MES devices and systems that aretraded globally.

Government

The new TC ensures access to global trade,
impelstechnologies,andhelps
keepcompetitiveness. In addition, new standards
will provide the technical framework, metrics,and specifications regulators can reference inlegislation and give the governments
technical references for public tenders. The
new TC fuels competition under standard
rules, which improves safety, affordability,and interoperability.

Consumers

The new TC will accelerate the development ofstandards and technological applications for
MES. Therefore, consumers can get a morereliable, economical, and higher-quality power
supply.

Labour

While the construction of MES will boost
employment, applying standards will provide
workers with a safer working environment.

Academic and research bodies

The new TC will provide a platform for academic
and research institutions to communicate andcooperate on MES, bringing unique insight into
the development and impact of MES standards.

Standards application businesses

Whenenterprises
adopt
thestandards,
differences, including technical ones, could beresolved, significantly reducing production,construction, and management costs.

Non-governmental organizations

The new TC promotes the use of renewableenergies and helps intensify collaborations withother NGOs for achieving UN SDGs 7, 8, 9, 11, and17.

Other (please specify)

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EXPRESSION OF LEADERSHIP COMMITMENT FROM THE PROPOSER(Please see the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Annex C, Clause C.4.12)
When the proposal is approved, China is willing to be Secretariat for the new TC.
☒ The proposer confirms that this proposal has been drafted in compliance with iso/iec directives,
part 1, annex c
SIGNATURE OF THE PROPOSERSACCOMMENTS OF THE ISO CENTRAL OFFICE (IF ANY)
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