Expert Group of New and Renewable Energy Technology (EGNRET)
The 39th Meeting in Shanghai, China, 11 December 2012

Peer Review on Low-Carbon Energy
Supply (PRLCE)
Kazutomo IRIE, Ph.D.
General Manager, APERC

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Contents• Declaration of APEC Leaders on PeerReview• Mechanism for Peer Review of Low Carbon
Energy Supply (PRLCE)• The 1st PRLCE in Thailand• The 2nd PRLCE in the Philippines• The Issues for future

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Peer Review on Energy Efficiency (PREE)APEC Energy Ministers’ 2007 Darwin Declaration:“We directed the APEC Energy Working Group (EWG) todevelop a Voluntary Energy Peer Review Mechanism, with an
initial focus on progress toward attaining energy efficiency
goals”APEC Leaders’ 2007 Sydney Declaration:“We agreed on the two specific initiatives: 1) to facilitate andreview progress through voluntary APEC Energy Peer Review
Mechanism, with a report back to APEC Leaders; and 2) towork towards achieving an APEC-wide goal of a reduction inenergy intensity of at least 25 percent by 2030 (with 2005 as thebase year)”
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Peer Review for Low-Carbon Energy Supply (PRLCE)APEC Energy Ministers’ 2010 Fukui Declaration:Declaration“We commend the Peer Review on Energy Efficiency(PREE) which has been successfully carried out for four
APEC economies and urge additional economies toparticipate”.
“We instruct the EWG to explore mechanisms toencourage economies to set individual goals and actionplans for introducing low-emission power sources renewable, nuclear and fossil fuels with carbon captureand storage (CCS) - to make our energy supply cleaner.
We will create low-carbon communities in the region”.
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• Declaration of APEC Leaders on PeerReview• Mechanism for Peer Review of Low Carbon
Energy (PRLCE)• The 1st PRLCE in Thailand• The 2nd PRLCE in the Philippines• The Issues for future

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Objective of PRLCE To assist volunteer APEC economy to promote lowemission power sources such as renewable energy,
nuclear and fossil fuel with CCS by providing
recommendations from APEC peer review experts.

APERC is planning to further carry out analyses on bestpractices for efficient and effective policies to promote low
carbon power supplies in APEC economies, and how such
best practice policies can be applied, considering different
conditions in different economies.

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Process of PRLCE
StageActivity
1
EWG endorses the host economy volunteering for Peer Review
Economy prepares for and submits to APERC pre-briefing information within one
2
monthAPERC PRLCE Manager and economy representative plan Peer Review using
3
Peer Review guidelines
4
Peer Review team proposed and contactedResponsibility
EWG
EconomyEconomy and APERC
Economy and APERC

5Peer Review team confirmed

Economy and APERC

6Economy plans visit in discussion with APERC
Economy and APERC confirm review team and visit program.
APERC with Review team may submit specific questions / data requirement to hosteconomies.
APERC request for briefing information
Economy provides the answers for the specific questions and information to review
team

Economy and APERC

789Review visit to economy

10Draft Review Report finalized

1112

Final draft report signed off by economy
Economy provides Draft Peer Review Report to EWG
Economy and EWG Secretariat tables the final draft review report at EWG for its
discussion and approval

13

Economy and APERC
Review Team
EconomyReview Team,
Economy and APERC
Review Team andEconomy
EconomyEconomyEconomy and EWG
Secretariat

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Main Roles and Responsibilities of Stakeholders

cf. “Guideline on APEC Peer Review on Low-Carbon Energy Supply (PRLCE)”

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• Declaration of APEC Leaders on Peer
Review• Mechanism for Peer Review of Low Carbon
Energy (PRLCE)• The 1st PRLCE in Thailand• The 2nd PRLCE in the Philippines• The Issues for future

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PRLCE-1 in Thailand (Outline) Thailand hosted the first leg of PRLCE Phase 1 in
21~25 May 2012 with the focus on “Alternative Energy
Development Plan (2008 – 2022) (AEDP)” on Solar,Wind , Biomass, Biogas and other renewable energy .

 The review team consisted of 7 experts (from China,Japan, Malaysia, Chinese Taipei, USA, Viet Nam,IRENA) and 3 APERC Researchers. The then APERC
President, Mr. Kenji KOBAYASHI lead the reviewteam.

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PRLCE-1 in Thailand (Framework of AEDP)

Alternative Energy
Development Plan(2008 – 2022)(AEDP)New Energy
Type (Wave,Geothermal)
3MW

BiofuelOil Substitution

44%

Alternative Energy Consumption by 25% within 2021
SolarWind
3,200MW

Hydro

Bio Energy

1,608MW

4,390MW
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PRLCE-1 in Thailand (Policy Recommendation)
 Institutional Context
 Alternative Energy Goals,
Targets and Strategy
 Regulation and Infrastructureand Monitoring Energy Analysis by Source Bioenergy including Biofuels Wind Energy Solar Energy Hydro Energy-

5 Recommendations
5 Recommendations-

8 Recommendations-

6 Recommendations
3 Recommendations
3 Recommendations
3 Recommendations
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PRLCE‐1 in Thailand (Policy Recommendation)
 Power Supply System- Fit, Smart Grid and Private Participation
8 Recommendations
 Green House Gas Management 4 Recommendations

45
Policy Recommendations

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PRLCE-1 in Thailand (Policy Recommendation)
The Experts’ Recommendations
 The development of bioenergy standards, the promotion anddevelopment of domestic bioenergy industries; Technical capabilities both in government, academia andindustry to handle challenges with the target of 1200MW windcapacity; Accreditation system and a sufficient number of professional
engineers and skilled workers to set up and monitor PV systems.
- Stricter monitoring of hydro power plants’ (including smallhydro plants’) compliance with environmental regulation;
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PRLCE-1 in Thailand (Policy Recommendation)
The Experts’ Recommendations
 Evaluation of tariff system (FiT) on a periodic basis;
 The involvement in APEC related activities on smart grid; Consistencies among policies, especially with regards toencouraging Clean Development Mechanism projects, which willassist the green house gas mitigation target set out in the 2010
Power Development Plan.

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• Declaration of APEC Leaders on PeerReview• Mechanism for Peer Review of Low Carbon
Energy (PRLCE)• The 1st PRLCE in Thailand• The 2nd PRLCE in the Philippines• The Issues for future

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PRLCE-2 in the Philippines (Outline) The Philippines hosted the second leg of PRLCE Phase
1 in 19~23 November with the focus on National
Renewable Energy Program (NREP) (2011-2030).

 The review team consisted of 6 experts (from China,Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Thailand, IRENA) and3 APERC Researchers. The APERC President, Mr.
Takato OJIMI lead the review team.

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PRLCE-2 in the Philippines (Framework of NREP)

Geothermal
3,461MW

National Renewable
Energy Program(NREP)
2011 – 2030

Ocean
70.5MW

Hydro

Biomass

Wind

Solar

8,724.1MW

315.7MW

2,378MW285MW
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• Declaration of APEC Leaders on PeerReview• Mechanism for Peer Review of Low Carbon
Energy (PRLCE)• The 1st PRLCE in Thailand• The 2nd PRLCE in the Philippines• The Issues for future

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Participation Invitation
 2 Economies are currently invited to volunteer tohost PRLCE Phase 2.
- Expecting candidates: Mexico, Indonesia,Malaysia, or Viet Nam,
The participation of experts from member
Economies is the important key to the success ofPRLCE.

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Accumulation of knowledge and Wisdom
 There exist established knowledge base and conventional
wisdom to improve energy efficiency for PREE.
 However, such established knowledge base andconventional wisdom to promote low-carbon energy(especially, renewable energy) has not been accumulatedfor PRLCE.
 The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan (IEEJ) was
consigned to compile renewable energy promotion policies
as “Policy Template” in order to offer reference for theexperts in PRLCE.
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Accumulation of knowledge and Wisdom
 IEEJ is now drafting “Policy Template”. The contents ofthe draft are as follows: Current Status in Member Economies
 The Roles and Barriers to Renewable Energy Policy
Definition of renewable Energy
The Role of Renewable Energy in Developing Economies
 What are the Barriers to Renewable Energy Utilization?
 Key Government Stakeholders in Renewable Energy Policy making
 The important of individual goals setting and action plans for PRLCE 1. Policy and Program Planning
Type and Role for Renewable Energy Policies
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Accumulation of knowledge and Wisdom 1. Policy and Program Planning (cont’d)
Policy Measures to Promote Renewable Power Supplies(1) Quota Obligation: Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)(2) Bidding Scheme(3) Feed-in Tariff (FIT)(4) Others
Financing Programs and Project(1) Special Fund(2) International Cooperation
Industry Strategy (Manufacturing and Export)
 2. Realization of Promotion of Renewable Policies
GHG Mitigation and Sustainable Development
Energy Security
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Accumulation of knowledge and Wisdom 2. Realization of Promotion of Renewable Policies (cont’d)Benefits to Economy (GDP, Employments)
 3. Experiences among APEC Developing Economies
Case Study (1): Renewable Energy in Philippines
Case Study (2): FIT in Thailand
Case Study (3): FIT in Malaysia
Case Study (4): Renewable Energy Policy in Korea
Case Study (5): Current Status in Germany and Spain 4. Prospects of Renewable Energy Policies in the APEC Region
Renewable Energy Target for a Community strategy and Action Plan
Key Consideration for Policy Selecting or Evaluating
Bilateral Credit System in APEC Region
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Accumulation of knowledge and Wisdom Further survey and research are required for policy
measures as well as technology development of lowcarbon energy (especially renewable energy) in order toachieve better performance of PRLCE.
 There will be a possibility of cooperation in these fields
between EGNRET and APERC.

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Thank you for your kind attention

http://www.ieej.or.jp/aperc/

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