Final Evaluation Report | Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources, GI-CoRE, Hokkaido University

Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources
Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education(GI-CoRE)
Hokkaido University

Final Evaluation Report

北海道大学

国際連携研究教育局

食水土資源グローバルステーション

外部評価報告書

July 2020

July 2020
2020 年 7 月

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Final Evaluation Report(brief version in Japanese)
外部評価報告書（日本語・概要版）

1

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もくじ（日本語版）

はじめに •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 5
外部評価委員 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 7
外部評価委員会実地調査要領••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8
外部評価調書の概要 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9

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はじめに

国際連携研究教育局（*,&R5(）は、北海道大学の強みや特色を活かした国際連携
研究教育の推進と、部局が独自に進める国際連携研究教育の支援を目的とし、世界
トップレベルの教員を国内外及び学内から結集した総長直轄の教員組織です。
*,&R5( 内には研究領域ごとの活動拠点である「グローバルステーション（*6）」を置き、各 *6 において、原則  年間の設置期間内に重点的に研究教育活動を進めています。これまでに、延べ７つの *6（下記※を参照）を設置し、研究活動を推進するとともに、最先端の研究成果を大学院教育などに還元してきました。
*,&R5( では、*6 の設置期間満了を迎える年度に、各 *6 でのこれまでの活動を 
振り返るとともに、今後、より強固かつ持続可能な研究教育体制を確立していくため、
国内外の有識者により構成される外部評価委員会において、評価を実施することとしています。
この外部評価報告書は、 年  月に実施した食水土資源 *6 の自己点検成果報告書及び外部評価結果を一冊に収録した、いわば *6 の研究教育活動の集大成です。
なお、設置期間を満了した食水土資源 *6 は、関連部局等に定着化し、 年  月
以降も「*,&R5( 協力拠点」として、*,&R5( と連携しながら研究教育活動を継続しています。
本学では、外部評価結果を踏まえ、より充実した研究教育活動を実践していくこと
により、世界の課題解決に貢献していきたいと考えております。北海道大学国際連携研究教育局 
局長代行（総長代行）
 笠 原 正 典 ※これまでに設置したグローバルステーション（*6）
*6 名

設置期間

主な学内連携部局等

（年度）
量子医理工学～

医学研究院、大学病院ほか

人獣共通感染症～

人獣共通感染症リサーチセンター、
獣医学研究院

食水土資源

～

農学研究院ほか

ソフトマター～

先端生命科学研究院ほか

ビッグデータ・サイバーセキュリティ ～

情報科学研究院ほか

北極域研究

～

北極域研究センターほか

バイオサーフィス創薬

～

薬学研究院ほか

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6

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国際連携研究教育局(GI-CoRE)
食水土資源グローバルステーション
外部評価委員

元 筑波大学・生命環境系教授 奥野 員敏 氏
ビクトリア州農業庁事務局次長 兼 農業研究部門長
ラ・トローブ大学応用システム生物学部長
ハーマーン・スパンゲンベルグ 氏
シンガポール国立大学 准教授・副学長補佐
タン・チョーン・エ・ロジャー 氏
委員長


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国際連携研究教育局(GI-CoRE)
食水土資源グローバルステーション
外部評価委員会実地調査要領

１．調査日程  令和元（）年  月  日（火）～ 日（木）
２．詳細スケジュール 月  日（火）

～

（7DQ 委員のみ）



木村水産学研究院長との懇談
水産科学研究院における *6) 活動の視察・調査 月  日（水）
～笠原 *,&R5( 局長職務代理からの挨拶・趣旨説明

 月  日（木）
～*,&R5( 及び食資源学院の概要説明（井上 *6 長）

～

授業見学（「食資源学総論」（山田教授＋パウエル教授）




休憩

～ 施設見学～ ランチミーティング（井上 *6 長及び関係教員）
～ 西邑農学研究院長との懇談・農学研究院の概要説明～ 評価委員打合せ～ 評価委員による講評

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国際連携研究教育局(GI-CoRE)
食水土資源グローバルステーション
外部評価調書の概要（参考和訳）
 外部評価委員会
（委員長）元筑波大学教授 奥野 員敏（オクノカズトシ）
'U.D]XWRVKL2NXQR)RUPHU3URIHVVRU8QLYHUVLW\RI7VXNXED
（委 員）ビクトリア州農業庁、ラ・トローブ大学（オーストラリア）
ハーマーン・スパンゲンベルグ
'U*HUPDQ&6SDQJHQEHUJ$JULFXOWXUH9LFWRULD/D7UREH8QLYHUVLW\ $XVWUDOLD （委 員）シンガポール国立大学（シンガポール） タン・チョーン・エ・ロジャー'U5RJHU&KRRQ(H7DQ1DWLRQDO8QLYHUVLW\RI6LQJDSRUH 6LQJDSRUH  外部評価委員会の任務 年度に国際連携研究教育局（*,&R5(）の三番目のグローバルステーションとして設置された食水土資源グローバルステーション（*6)）は、北大の内外より卓越した研究者を招へいし、国際連携研究・教育に従事している。評価にあたって提供された書類全般と現地調査をふまえ、外部評価委員会による *6) の第一期である
 年から  年の最終評価を行う。


 評価

総合評価：Ａ  最終評価および現地調査に係る自己点検成果報告書に基づき、国際連携研究教育局の *6) における第一期である  年から  年の総合評価は“非非常に優れている（Ａ）”である。
（コメント）
１）北海道大学の学際的組織の補完的な強みと、海外大学および海外機関との連携により、５件の国際連携研究・教育プロジェクトが確立された。
２）これらの研究テーマは、持続可能な開発目標（6'*V）に沿って、食料、土地、水資源に関する特定の地域は元より世界規模での問題解決に焦点を当てている。研究成
果は、国際食資源学院の教育プログラムの強化策としてフィードバックされている。
３）先導的な成果と関連した影響を強化するための戦略的かつ主要なプロジェクトの開発のために、研究活動を支援するための外部資金の獲得、成果を向上させるための海外連携先からの共同資金調達、および海外連携機関の選択に関する明確な基準の定義が必要である。
４） 年から  年の期間に *,&R5( に参画する北大教員による査読済み論文の質と量は、*6) の今後の研究プロジェクトの発展に向けては、優れたベースラインであると言える。しかし、上記と比較すると、国際共著論文は現段階においては、消極的

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であることは否めない。主に国際共同研究において求められる論文の数および質を向上させるためには、明確な評価指標（.3,）を設定する必要がある。
５）グローバルな視点での *,&R5( の研究アウトカムは、人類にとって喫緊の課題である飢えと貧困、食の安全と教育など、6'*ｓと完全に一致している。しかし現時点で、社会実装について研究成果を評価するのは時期尚早である。研究プロジェクトのうち、バイオマーカーを使用したセンシング技術および漁業管理対策に関する二つのプロジェクトには、それぞれ農業生産および食料資源の収穫後の品質管理における地方とグローバルな関連性、東南アジアにおける持続可能な漁業社会的影響の実装につながる可能性を秘めている。
６）研究成果と予測に対応する管理の評価を促進するためには、独自の評価システムの開発を強く推奨する。次の段階では、研究成果を即時に社会的アウトカムへの実装を促進するために、新たな資金源が望まれる。
７）国際食資源学院は、専門的な知識を有し積極的に国際社会で活躍する能力を備えた人材育成のための教育上の枠組と課程として機能している。大学院プログラムは、
研究成果の投下、海外連携機関の教員による講義、海外でのワンダーフォーゲル型
実習という斬新な現場体験により活用され、グローバルな視点を持つ卒業生を生み出している。
８）今後取るべきフォローアップとして、大学院における所期の教育および学修効果があがっているかどうかを、より適切に測定するために、卒業生および雇用先企業等のフィードバックを取り入れる必要がある。
９）*6) には国際連携研究・教育を遂行する制度と枠組みは確立されている。今後農学研究院に定着化した後も連携研究・教育を支援するための日常的な事務支援体制は継続していくべきである。
１０）北海道大学の可能性を最大限に引き出すために、より多くの北大教員が積極的に参画し、彼らがこの革新的な研究・教育の取り組みにどのように関与できるのかについて学内でさらに調査、審議、検討していく必要がある。

包括的な提言１）委員会は、 年度以降、*6) を第二期へ継承されることを強く推奨する。
２）委員会は、農学研究院への定着化について受け入れるものの、うまく機能していた*,&R5( の基本概念との調和が図られるよう、勧告する。
３）委員会は、*6) に参画する各教員に対して、外部の競争的資金を獲得するための大規模な学際的補助金申請の立ち上げに重点的に取り組むことを強く推奨する。例えば、6$75(36（サトレップス地球規模課題対応国際科学技術協力）や食農ビジネス推進センターの革新的研究プログラムは日本における潜在的な資金源として有力な候補である。
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Final Evaluation Report(original version in English)
外部評価報告書（英語・オリジナル版）

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

Contents
Foreword •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 15
External Evaluation Committee •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 17
Schedule of the External Evaluation Committee •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 21
Results of the Evaluation Committee ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 23
Research Progress Report (2015-2019) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 47
References ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 133

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Foreword
Hokkaido University established the Global Institution for Collaborative Research and
Education (GI-CoRE) as a faculty organization under the direct control of the President thatbrings together world-class researchers from around the world and within the University. It
aims to promote international collaborative research and education that leverages the
University’s strengths and distinctive features as well as to provide support for international
collaborative research and education promoted by faculties and centers, respectively.
Under the GI-CoRE system, a research and education hub known as a Global Station (GS) is
implemented for each research field. GSs have a finite implementation period of five (5) years
in principle to conduct intensive research and education activities. Thus far, seven (7) GSs in
total (see * below) have been implemented to further develop research activities and contributethe resulting cutting-edge research outcomes to graduate school education.
In the final year of the GI-CoRE project period, a Final Evaluation is conducted by the External
Evaluation Committee composed of global experts outside Hokkaido University for each GS
to not only review GS activities from past years but also build a stronger and more sustainable
research and education system in the future.
This Final Evaluation Report contains the Research Progress Report of GS for Food, Land andWater Resources (GSF) conducted in July 2019 and the evaluation results. This report is acompilation of the research and education activities of GSF.
After the implementation period, GS projects are transitioned into affiliated faculties andcenters, then certified as “GI-CoRE Cooperating Hubs” to continue research and education
activities in cooperation with GI-CoRE after April 2020.
Hokkaido University remains committed to continuing its efforts to contribute to resolving
global issues by conducting advanced research and education activities based on evaluation
results.

Professor Masanori Kasahara, M.D., Ph. D.
Interim Director
Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE)
Hokkaido University(Interim President, Hokkaido University)

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*The Global Stations (GSs) implemented thus far.
Implementation

Name of the GS
Quantum

MedicalScienceand

2014–2019

Engineering
Zoonosis Control

Main Internal Affiliation）
Period (FY）

Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital,and others

2014–2019

Research Center for Zoonosis Control andFaculty of Veterinary Medicine

Food, Land and Water Resources

2015–2019

Research Faculty of Agriculture and others

Soft Matter

2016–2020

Faculty of Advanced Life Science and others

Big Data and Cybersecurity

2016–2020

FacultyofInformation

ScienceandTechnology and others
Arctic Research

2016–2020

Arctic Research Center and others

Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery

2019–2023

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences andothers16

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Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources
Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE)
External Evaluation Committee*Dr. Kazutoshi Okuno,
Former Professor, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences,
University of Tsukuba (Japan)
Dr. German C. Spangenberg,
Deputy Secretary, Agriculture Research and Head, Agriculture Victoria Research,
Agriculture Victoria; Head, School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University (Australia)
Dr. Tan Choon Ee Roger,
Associate Professor/Associate Vice President in the Office of the President,
National University of Singapore (Singapore)*Chair17

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Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources
Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education(GI-CoRE)
Schedule of the External Evaluation Committee

1. Date of Implementation
Tuesday, July 23 - Thursday, July 25, 2019
2. On-site Investigation Schedule
Tuesday, July 23
9:00am - 3:00pm（Committee Member Tan only）
Casual meeting with Dean Nobuo Kimura, Faculty ofFisheries Sciences
On-site Investigation for GSF activities at Faculty ofFisheries Sciences

Wednesday, July 24
9:30am - 9:55am

Casual meeting and briefing with Acting Director,
Masanori Kasahara, GI-CoRE

Thursday, July 25
9:00am - 9:45am

Briefing about GSF-GI-CoRE/Graduate School of
Global Food Resources by Prof. Takashi Inoue, Director of GSF

9:45am - 10:00am Lecture review（”Introduction to Global Food Resources” by
Prof. Toshihiko Yamada & Prof. Wayne Powell）
Break
10:30am - 2:00pm Facility tour
12:00pm - 1:10pm Luncheon meeting with Prof. Takashi Inoue and otherfaculty members
1:15pm - 1:30pm

Casual meeting and briefing with Dean Takanori Nishimura,Research Faculty of Agriculture

1:30pm - 4:00pm

Discussion among committee members

4:00pm - 5:00pm

Review from the committee to the faculty members

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Results of the Evaluation Committee

Evaluation Committee

Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources
Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE)
Hokkaido University
October 201923

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Summary Report
1. External Evaluation Committee
Dr. Kazutoshi Okuno, formerly University of Tsukuba, Japan (chair)
Dr. German Spangenberg, Agriculture Victoria / La Trobe University, Australia
Dr. Roger Choon Ee Tan, National University of Singapore, Singapore
2. Mission of the Committee
Since the Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources (GSF) was launched as thethird global station in the Global Institute for Collaborative Research and Education (GICoRE) in FY2015, GSF has conducted international collaborative research and educational
project that gathers outstanding researchers from both within and outside of Hokkaido
University. Based on consideration of all the documents provided as the basis for the review
and on-site investigation, the External Evaluation Committee undertakes the final
evaluation of the performances of GSF in the first phase for the period of 2015-2019.
3. Evaluation
Overall evaluation
Based on the Research Progress Report provided for review and the on-site investigation,
the overall evaluation of GI-CoRE GSF in the first phase for the period of 2015-2019 isconsidered as “Excellent (A)”.
Comments
1) Five international research and educational projects have been established by leveraging on
complementary strengths in interdisciplinary organization at HU and in collaboration withoverseas universities and institutes.
2) These research topics focus on the challenges for solving both local problems and someglobal issues in food, land and water resources, aligned with Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs). Research outputs are in turn fed back to enhance the educational programs
at the Graduate School of Global Food Resources.
3) Development of strategic key projects to enhance initiative outcomes and associated impact,
attracting external funding to support research endeavors, co-funding from overseas
partners to enhance outcomes and defining clear criteria for the choice of overseas partners
are required.
4) The number and quality of the peer-reviewed publications by HU faculties involved GICoRE for the period of 2015-2019 are excellent baseline for building future progress inresearch projects of GSF. However, compared with the above, the number of joint
publications generated by international collaborative researches are modest at the current
stage. Setting clear Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is required to enhance the number
and quality of publications expected, primarily arising from international collaborative
research.
5) Research outcomes from GI-CoRE with global perspectives are in full alignment with
SDGs including hunger and poverty, food security and education which are essential social
issues for mankind. However, it is premature to assess research achievements based on thesocial implementation at the current stage. Among research projects, two projects on
sensing technologies using biomarkers and fisheries management measures have thepotential for social impact implementation in agricultural production and post-harvest
quality management of food resources which have local and global relevance andsustainable fisheries in Southeast Asia, respectively.

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6) Development of a novel evaluation system is highly recommended to facilitate assessmentof outcomes and management of corresponding expectations. New source of funding isdesired to facilitate immediate implementation of research outputs to achieve societal
outcomes in the next phase.
7) The Graduate School for Global Food Resources has served as educational structures andcourses to produce human resources with expert knowledge and ability to play an activerole internationally. The graduate programs have been leveraged by investment of research
outputs, lectures by overseas partners and novel on-site Wandervogel study field trip
abroad to produce graduates with global perspectives.
8) Follow-up action to take should include the adoption of graduates and employers’ feedback
to better measure whether the teaching and learning outcomes are met as set out by thegraduate school.
9) The system and framework to conduct international collaborative research and education
project in GSF have been established. Administrative support has been put in place to assist
collaborative research and education in daily operations and should be extended to the next
phase when GSF is subsumed in the Research Faculty of Agriculture.
10) The active participation of more HU faculties and how they can be involved in thisinnovative research and education endeavor should be further explored, deliberated anddiscussed internally in HU to optimize the full potential of Hokkaido University.
Comprehensive recommendations
1) The Committee highly recommends that GSF is extended to the second phase fromFY2020.
2) Although the Committee accepts that the GSF will be internalized within the Research
Faculty of Agriculture, it cautions that the attention is paid to harmonization with thefundamental concept of GI-CoRE that has served and worked well.
3) The Committee strongly recommends that each of the GSF faculty members should focus
on efforts developing large scale multidisciplinary grant application to attract external
competitive funds. For instance, SATREPS (Science and Technology Research Partnershipfor Sustainable Development) and the innovative research program of Agri-Food Business
Innovation Center are influential candidates for potential funding sources in Japan.

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Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources
Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE)
Final Evaluation
External Evaluation Committee Member Name: Dr. Kazutoshi Okuno

 Choose one of the five Evaluation Ratings options below as explained by the Evaluation Explanation for each
Evaluation Item on the form.
Evaluation

Evaluation Explanation

Ratings
S

Achieved outcomes surpassed the original plan (Outstanding)A

Good progress has been maintained and expected outcomes have been achieved (Excellent)

B

Most expected outcomes have been achieved with some slight delays (Good)C

Although certain outcomes were achieved, overall results were insufficient (Satisfactory)D

No expected outcomes were achieved (Unsatisfactory)I.

Research1.

Has construction of an international research and education center capable of attracting outstanding researchers

from around the world (including from HU) been achieved?
Evaluation Results and Reasons(Your Evaluation Results)
S / A / B / C / D (circle one)
(Reasons)
Since Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources (GSF) was launched as the third global station
under the concept in Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE) in April, 2015, GSF

has constructed the platform to strengthen international collaborative research and education projects by great
efforts of interdisciplinary faculty members at Hokkaido University in collaboration with leading overseas
universities and research institutions. GSF has focused on the following collaborative research projects, (1) Sensing
technologies for detection of biomarkers in animals, plants and microbes, (2) Nitrogen cycles and microbes in theenvironment, (3) Collaborative effort on utilization of enzyme-assisted kelp for production of biofuels and healthbenefits, (4) Mechanism of fungicide resistance in pathosystems and host-pathogen interactions in grasses and (5)Fisheries management measures for multi-species, multi-method fisheries in Asia. These research projects areunderway involving challenges for the resolution of some global issues associated with food, land and water
resources. Based on research activities and achievements in the past four years, the researches at GSF are highly27

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expected to be further accelerated in the next phase. On the other hand, since the Graduate School for Global Food
Resources was opened in FY2017, education program at the graduate school has been well managed and improvedby leveraging strengths of GI-CoRE initiative.
Specific points(Outstanding points)
Interdisciplinary organization within Hokkaido University is an indispensable and unique structure to develop new
research fields in collaboration with leading overseas universities and research institutions and to produce
comprehensive research outputs and outcomes. GSF has given a great impact on younger faculties and graduate
students to grow up and upgrade their talents through international collaboration on research and education. GSF
has made progress in five collaborative research topics, particularly the topic on “Sensing technologies for detectionof biomarkers in animals, plants and microbes” has been investigated by the international collaboration among
Hokkaido University, University of Sydney and Iowa State University and the integration between public andprivate sectors within Japan. This research group has produced remarkable outputs which can be applied to a broad
range of academic and practical uses to monitor the metabolic changes in animals, plants and microbes.
(Suggestions for improvement)
When GSF will move on the second phase in FY2020, Hokkaido University has a strategic initiative for funding tosecure sustainable actions of GSF. Emphasis should be placed on consistent efforts of GSF faculty members to
capture competitive funds from diverse funding mechanisms by leveraging GSF’s strengths on basis ofinterdisciplinary organization and international research collaboration. In addition to Hokkaido University, overseas
researchers in collaborating universities and institutions may be also required to share a part of the responsivities toensure the research funds.
2.

Based on the tradition of Sapporo College and strengths of Hokkaido University, is world-leading cutting-edge

international cooperative research in the field of food, land, and water resources studies underway?
Evaluation Results and Reasons(Your Evaluation Results)
S / A / B / C / D (circle one)
(Reasons)
GSF has facilitated five joint research projects which focus on challenges for some globally important issues on
food, land and water resources. Although the progress of each project is variable, all the projects are underway inthe collaboration of Hokkaido University with overseas universities and institutions. The number and quality of thepeer-reviewed articles published in international journals by Hokkaido University faculties participating in
GI-CoRE GSF in the past four years are excellent in addition to oral presentations.
Specific points(Outstanding points)

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The identified research topics in GI-CoRE GSF have tackled globally important issues toward similar goals to the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) including hunger and poverty, food security, education equalization andconservation of biological diversity. Many publications involving international joint papers are excellent and may
form the baseline for future actions of GSF.
(Suggestions for improvement)
If agreeable, annual evaluation system at advisory committee can be built up to discuss annual research
performances, goal attainment level and next year’s plan. The number of international joint papers published ininternational high-quality journals during the period of 2015-2019 seem to be unsatisfactory but it may be enhancedwith the advance in collaborative researches in the next phase. Overall international collaborative research projects
at GSF should be more accelerated to lead these research areas worldwide in the next phase.
3.

Are research outcomes from GI-CoRE being actively utilized to solve social issues?

Evaluation Results and Reasons(Your Evaluation Results)
S / A / B / C / D (circle one)
(Reasons)
Most of research projects are currently ongoing at basic science and technology level. The present time may not beappropriate to assess the utilization of research outcomes from GI-CoRE to solve social issues. In general, since
there is time lag between research outputs and outcomes, inputs of personnel allocation and budget specified forsocial implementation research are required to generate outcomes. Research outcomes from GI-CoRE will beefficiently and effectively used for the resolution of global and local problems associated with food, land and water
resources in the next phase.
Specific points(Outstanding points)
Among five research projects, the project on “Sensing technologies for detection of biomarkers in animals, plants
and microbes” has been conducted by the international collaboration among Hokkaido University, University ofSydney and Iowa State University and the close relation between public and private sectors within Japan. This
research group has produced remarkable outputs which can be applied to a broad range of academic and practicaluses to monitor the metabolic changes in animals, plants and microbes. Moreover, research outcomes generated bythis group have a great impact on agricultural production and post-harvest quality management of food resources inboth developed and developing countries worldwide.
(Suggestions for improvement)
It is necessary to clarify the road map which indicates shifting process from research outputs to outcomes, involving
the representative recipients of outcomes and the examples of social issues to be solved.

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II.

Education

Is the educational system and curriculum designed to help develop researchers who possess specialized knowledge
and are capable of working internationally?
Evaluation Results and Reasons(Your Evaluation Results)
S / A / B / C / D (circle one)
(Reasons)

The Graduate School for Global Food Resources was set up in FY2017. The educational structures of the graduate
school are well designed and managed in close integration with fruits generated from GI-CoRE GSF. The activities
and achievements of GSF have been fed back to teaching and learning programs for graduate students. Therefore, it
is concluded that the Graduate School for Global Food Resources has served as educational structures and courses
to raise human resources with both global and local expert knowledges and ability to play an active partinternationally and nationally.
Specific points(Outstanding points)
Teaching programs by visitors from collaborating overseas universities and institutes are successfully incorporated
into the curriculum for graduate students. Such programs can highly contribute to upgrading the knowledge andresearch skills associated with global food, land and water resources. On-site work in the Wandervogel Study
program is an innovative experience for learning current global constraints of food resources in both developed anddeveloping countries.
(Suggestions for improvement)
Follow-up of graduates is required to improve the educational structures and curriculum at the Graduate Scholl for
Global Food Resources. Moreover, employers’ assessment of graduates is recommended to be conducted byinterviewing or questionnaire survey.

III.

Establishment of Framework

Are the necessary systems and frameworks being established in order to conduct international cooperative researchand education?
Evaluation Results and Reasons(Your Evaluation Results)
S / A / B / C / D (circle one)

(Reasons)
The system and framework necessary to conduct international collaborative research and education have been
established based on the collaborative activities and achievements gained over the past four years. Further progress30

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in international collaborative research and education will be made year by year.
Specific points(Outstanding points)
Interdisciplinary approach at GSF has played a significant role in promoting international collaborative researchand education and in generating a new comprehensive research area comprising production, environment andgovernance. Management system necessary to accept overseas researchers and administrative system has been
fully established and improved.
(Suggestions for improvement)
In the second phase starting from FY2020, it is proposed that GSF may be internalized and fixed in the Research
Faculty of Agriculture, instead of keeping the current organization under the direct affiliate of GI-CoRE. Although
this rearrangement of GSF is a realistic choice to maintain its activities and to solve budgetary problems, it may
conflict with the concept of GI-CoRE. It is necessary to more discuss the internalization and fixation of GSF in
Research Faculty of Agriculture to reach to the final decision.
IV.

Overall Evaluation

Based on the Self-assessed Progress Report provided to review and on-site investigation, the overall assessment of
the performances of GI-CoRE GSF at the first stage during the period 2015-2019 is ranked as “excellent”.
Recommendations are as follows.
1. It is highly recommended that GSF will be extended to the second phase starting from FY2020 in leveraging
strengths excellent performances accumulated in the first stage. In the next phase, GSF is planned to beinternalized and fixed in the Research Faculty of Agriculture. While considering the reduction of university’score budget, the internalization and fixation of GSF in the Research Faculty of Agriculture is a realistic
alternative to sustain successful research activities in GSF. Attentions should be paid to the harmonization
between new organization and the concept of GI-CoRE initiative.
2. GSF is challenging to solve the current global issues including poverty and hunger in developing countries
under global warming. Researches associated with the enhancement of crop productivity and production in arid
land and under water deficit conditions are recommended during the period of the next phase.
3. Funding strategies are quite required to sustain research activities in GSF. In addition to KAKENHI, eachresearch group should concentrate on the gain of relatively large scale of research budgets from various funding
mechanisms. For instance, SATREPS (Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable
Development) and innovative research program of Agri-Food Business Innovation Center, NARO are
influential candidates of budgetary sources in Japan.
4. Follow-up of graduates and assessment by employers are recommended to upgrade teaching andlearning materials at the Graduate School of Global Food Resources in near future.

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32

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Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources
Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE)
Final Evaluation
External Evaluation Committee Member Name: Dr. German Spangenberg FTSE PSM

 Choose one of the five Evaluation Ratings options below as explained by the Evaluation Explanation for each
Evaluation Item on the form.
Evaluation

Evaluation Explanation

Ratings
S

Achieved outcomes surpassed the original plan (Outstanding)A

Good progress has been maintained and expected outcomes have been achieved (Excellent)

B

Most expected outcomes have been achieved with some slight delays (Good)C

Although certain outcomes were achieved, overall results were insufficient (Satisfactory)D

No expected outcomes were achieved (Unsatisfactory)I.

Research1.

Has construction of an international research and education center capable of attracting outstanding researchers

from around the world (including from HU) been achieved?
Evaluation Results and ReasonsYour Evaluation Results: A
Five international research and educational projects bringing together researchers from within andoutside of Hokkaido University were established. The projects currently underway are: 1. Sensing
technologies for detection of biomarkers in animals, plants and microbes; 2. Nitrogen cycles and microbes
in the environment; 3. Utilization of enzyme-assisted kelp for production of biofuels and health benefits; 4.
Mechanisms of fungicide resistance in patho-systems and host-pathogen interactions in grasses; and 5.
Fisheries management measures for multi-species, multi-method fisheries in Asia.
This provides evidence for the objective having been achieved. These projects involve faculty members
from Hokkaido University and overseas Universities and research organizations in USA, Australia, New
Zealand and Thailand.

Specific points
It is highly commendable for Hokkaido University to have established a GI-CoRE in the field of agriculture33

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resources and global food systems. The leadership of Hokkaido University should be applauded for this mostimportant initiative to harness multi-disciplinarity and inter-disciplinarity in research and innovation addressing
important humanitarian outcomes as outlined in the Millennium Development Goals. It is further important to notethat the level of investment in this initiative is relatively low comparatively with its grand ambitions. Consequently,
it is recommended that Hokkaido University retains same (if not increased) level of investment in this essential andnoble initiative.
An overarching opportunity for improvement in shaping the next phase of this initiative is the definition of key
performance indicators (KPIs) that are SMART (i.e. specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and timebound) andprovide Headline Indicators of impact and Specific Targets* that inform an ex ante economic analysis and thescoping and resourcing of a research and innovation program that is strictly aligned to and addressed these. Being
clearer about the strategic intent and the specific outcomes being sought will provide a better foundation for the
future. There would also be merit in considering as further opportunities for improvement:a) Developing a broader based, larger-scale, multi-faculty, priority, strategic key project (rather than what
appears to be a seemingly ad-hoc suite of small-scale research projects) to enhance initiative outcomes andassociated impact;b) Attracting external (i.e. non-Hokkaido University) funding to support research endeavors with particularly
emphasis to be placed here and external revenue targets being embedded in KPIs for the next phase of theinitiative;c) Leveraging resources and investment from Hokkaido University by securing co-investment contributed
from overseas partner research organization to enhance outcomes;d) Defining criteria for the choice of the overseas collaborating partner research organizations and embracing
an element of renewal/rejuvenation of collaborating research partner organizations/faculty.
Considering current capabilities and status of this GI-CoRE and underpinning GFS as well as the above
opportunities for improvement, the development of a larger key project – genuinely integrative – building on sensor
technologies as a platform; aligning associated industry and agribusiness potential partnerships and co-investment;
converging science discipline expertise of faculty across the GI-CoRE; converting the research farm at the
Hokkaido University into a ‘SmartFarm’ innovating, integrating, validating and demonstrating novel AgTech
technologies; is recommended as an opportunity for GI-CoRE to seek a major grant from Japanese funding agencies(rather than smaller grants) and leveraging it with significant external co-investment.
*Examples of Headline Indicators and Specific Targets in Strategic Action Plans from Agriculture Victoria Research provided

2.

Based on the tradition of Sapporo Agricultural College and strengths of Hokkaido University, is world-leading

cutting-edge international cooperative research in the field of food, land, and water resources studies underway?
Evaluation Results and ReasonsYour Evaluation Results: A - B
Cooperative research in the field of food, land and water resources is currently underway in this GI-CoRE. The suiteof collaborative research projects involve faculty from leading Universities, obviously including Hokkaido
University. Whilst assessment of leadership qualities is relative; and would thus be facilitated by the a priori

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definition of KPIs.
Specific points
The number and quality of the peer-reviewed publications generated by Hokkaido University faculty involved inthis GI-CoRE over the 2015-2018 period is excellent, including the wide range of national and internationalpresentations. This is an excellent foundation for the future and could be further enhanced by setting SMART KPIs.
Comparatively, the publication outcomes from international collaborative research is very modest at the current
stage, however, it is expected/hoped to increase as manuscripts arising from the collaborative research projects
between Hokkaido University faculty and collaborating overseas faculty in this GI-CoRE are submitted andpublished over the next couple of years. Particular attention should be paid to monitoring publication outcomes inthis context; and as referred to in the comments to the previous question – this could be included as specific KPIs as
well as criteria for the selection/renewal of overseas collaborating research organizations and faculty. A significant
increase in the science outputs (i.e. peer-reviewed international publications in high-impact journals) as well as
intellectual property outputs (i.e. patent applications) and external revenues (i.e. grant funding and co-investment
from non-Hokkaido University sources) must be essential targets closely monitored and evaluated in the next phaseof the GI-CoRE initiative.
3.

Are research outcomes from GI-CoRE being actively utilized to solve social issues?

Evaluation Results and ReasonsYour Evaluation Results: A - B
The outcomes from GI-CoRE as a combined, multi-disciplinary research and education initiative with a global
perspective in a most fundamental field such as global agriculture resources and foods systems in full alignment
with the Millennium Development Goals including reducing poverty, enhancing food security, improving education,
reducing inequality unequivocally addresses essential social issues for humankind.
Specific points
The integrative approach including production, environment and governance lenses in shaping GSF and GI-CoRE ismost appropriate. Reframing it in alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals provides a renewed
opportunity for the next phase of this GI-CoRE. Needless to stress that demonstrating the delivery of outputsaligned with outcomes to achieve impact requires time. Consequently, it is too premature to assess achievement ofoutcomes at this timepoint. It is not unusual for utilization of research and innovation outputs in agriculture sciences
to have a lead time of 5 – 10 years before impact realization and with follow-up adoption rates to peak at 20 years
timepoint post publication of research outputs. However, the on-site investigation unequivocally demonstrated astrong commitment to genuinely deliver social outcomes. Here again, the articulation of headline indicators as
stretched targets that reflect the strategic intent of the next phase of the GI-CoRE initiative and drive its researchand innovation portfolio (including ex ante impact analyses) would facilitate future assessment of outcomes andmanagement of corresponding expectations. The development of a Monitoring and Evaluation Framework (MEF)
for the next phase of this GI-CoRE initiative is strongly recommended.

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II.

Education

Is the educational system and curriculum designed to help develop researchers who possess specialized knowledge
and are capable of working internationally?
Evaluation Results and ReasonsYour Evaluation Results: A - B
The Graduate Schools seem to serve well as educational structures and courses to develop human resources withexpert knowledge and ability to take an active role internationally. The GS GFR has met its objectives in supportingand contributing to the achievement of the educational outcomes of this GI-CoRE.
Specific points
The Graduate Schools form a wonderful resource to deliver the educational outcomes expected of the GI-CoRE in
its pursuit of developing the knowledge workforce of the future with a global citizen perspective, values
and skills-base.
There is an opportunity for improvement in developing a clearer strategy for the educational outcomes sought, enhanced
a priori coordination in the curriculum and scope of the teaching activities undertaken through the courses delivered by
Hokkaido University faculty and overseas Universities faculty is essential and particularly important noting the –understandably – wide range of discipline background of students involved.

III.

Establishment of Framework

Are the necessary systems and frameworks being established in order to conduct international cooperative researchand education?
Evaluation Results and ReasonsYour Evaluation Results: A
The system and framework necessary to conduct international collaborative research and education has beencertainly established through the formation of this GI-CoRE in such an essential field of human endeavor;
establishing a suite of collaborative research projects with leading overseas Universities, and anaccompanying educational program of courses delivering research and educational outcomes successfully
with a global perspective. This is a most important outcome to be celebrated and forms an excellent foundation
for shaping the next phase of this visionary and transformational research, innovation and educational
initiative of Hokkaido University.

Specific points
Some suggestions for improvement relating to development of strategy, headline indicators of targeted impact,
KPIs, etc. are referred in previous sections.

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IV.

Overall Evaluation

Based on the site investigation and consideration of all the documentation provided as basis for the review, theoverall assessment of GI-CoRE in its initial phase is considered as “excellent”.
It is highly commendable for Hokkaido University to have established a GI-CoRE in the field of agriculture
resources and global food systems. The leadership of Hokkaido University should be applauded for this mostimportant initiative to harness multi-disciplinarity and inter-disciplinarity in research, innovation and education
addressing important humanitarian outcomes as outlined in the Millennium Development Goals. It is further
important to note that the level of investment in this initiative is relatively low comparatively with its grand
ambitions. Consequently, it is recommended that Hokkaido University strongly supports this essential and noble
initiative in its next phase, providing ongoing funding as well as attracting external co-investment.

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38

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Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources
Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE)
Final Evaluation
External Evaluation Committee Member Name: Dr. Roger C. E. Tan

 Choose one of the five Evaluation Ratings options below as explained by the Evaluation Explanation for each
Evaluation Item on the form.
Evaluation

Evaluation Explanation

Ratings
S

Achieved outcomes surpassed the original plan (Outstanding)A

Good progress has been maintained and expected outcomes have been achieved (Excellent)

B

Most expected outcomes have been achieved with some slight delays (Good)C

Although certain outcomes were achieved, overall results were insufficient (Satisfactory)D

No expected outcomes were achieved (Unsatisfactory)I.

Research1.

Has construction of an international research and education center capable of attracting outstanding researchers

from around the world (including from HU) been achieved?
Evaluation Results and Reasons(Your Evaluation Results)
S / A / B / C / D (circle one)
(Reasons)

Research teams from within and outside Hokkaido University (HU) have been gathered to leverage on
complementary strengths in establishing some strong inter-disciplinary research themes to collaborate on
five identified projects, namely, (i) Sensing technologies for detection of biomarkers in animals andmicrobes; (ii) Nitrogen cycles and microbes in the environment; (iii) Collaborative effort on utilization of
enzyme-assisted kelp for production of biofuels and health benefits; (iv) Mechanism of fungicide resistancein pathosystems and host-pathogens interactions in grasses; (v) Fisheries management measures for
multi-species, multi-method fisheries in Asia.

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Specific points(Outstanding points)

These five broad research topics have both local relevance as well as international interest to solve some of
the global issues and problems in Food, Land and Water Resources. Each of these projects is either headed
by a local junior or an experienced Professor from HU with collaboration from a good spread of researchers
from some reputable partner universities abroad working in these related areas. There is a good balance of
local (within HU system) and international collaborators and this is important to ensure local talent areproperly supported and nurtured within the HU system and provide them opportunity to grow and build upthese areas of research. Some of the overseas collaborators make regular visits to HU and also contributed to
the graduate education through the Graduate School of Global Food Resources (GFR). This is a very good
move as research should enhance education and vice versa in a seamless manner. The graduate school is an
excellent conduit to sieve out and provide a stream of talented prospective students for their continuation
into the PhD programmes and thereby strengthening the various research groups, as this layer of manpower
resource is critical in any research group.
(Suggestions for improvement)

To carry out such an ambitious endeavours, it is important to ensure these projects are well supported andfunded. Based on feedback gather from the visiting Professors from partner universities, more funding
should be provided to allow a longer duration for the visit for more intense discussion and the visits should
be arranged with movement of the collaborators in both directions, as much as possible. Longer visit isdesired to ensure sufficient quality time is spent on writing good research papers for publication as well as
expanding the scope of the projects for possible follow up proposals to seek funding from grant agencies for
subsequent projects. A longer visit would also ensure the professors will have sufficient time to be moreengaged with students in the Graduate School of GFR. This will enhance the learning of, and interactions
with, the students, and thereby allowing the visiting professors to formulate a more coherent lectures,
instead of just lecturing on some ad hoc topics.

2.

Based on the tradition of Sapporo Agricultural College and strengths of Hokkaido University, is world-leading

cutting-edge international cooperative research in the field of food, land, and water resources studies underway?
Evaluation Results and Reasons(Your Evaluation Results)
S / A / B / C / D (circle one)
(Reasons)

The studies of the five identified projects have yielded some good joint publications in reputableinternational peer-reviewed journals, and a number of other papers (not listed in the self- appraisal report)
are also presently “in preparation”. Although the progress of each project may not be of the same pace, with40

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some not taken off in resulting in joint publication yet but this is quite understandable. Overall it is a goodstart and I am sure publication list would continue to grow if more resources and new funding can besourced to support and build up this momentum.
Specific points(Outstanding points)

It is good to see that three past successful broad thematic International Symposiums had been organized in
the past four years and this has not only lifted the profile of HU but also brought these collaborators andother prominent keynote speakers together for more intense collaboration and discussion. The good keynote
speakers have helped to broaden the scope of the symposiums and had covered research topics that are
beyond the usual domain research areas, especially in studying the global economic impact and social issues
related to these broader themes. Graduate Students also benefited from these broad coverage and are able torelate better and connect to what they have studied and learnt in classroom and in the field work. This goodinitiative should continue, paying particular attention to global research trends and “hot” topics in choosing
the next theme.
(Suggestions for improvement)

Within the HU structure/system, it is essential to first ensure that there are good incentives (and no roadblock) for staff to want to carry out inter-disciplinary research. This can be built in the KPI of Faculty staff intheir annual appraisal system in HU. Another way of doing this is for HU to provide a small seed funding togather staff to form interdisciplinary teams to explore possible areas and then working towards a good
research proposal to secure the next big external research grant.

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3.

Are research outcomes from GI-CoRE being actively utilized to solve social issues?

Evaluation Results and Reasons(Your Evaluation Results)
S / A / B / C / D (circle one)
(Reasons)

This has not been fully achieved yet as most groups are still carrying out its own main basic and appliedresearch and more needs to be done to bring in more interested colleagues from within the HU system in thesocial sciences and humanities schools and even the health sciences and medical school and form
inter-disciplinary teams to tap on bigger grants to solve big problems. Research is an expensive endeavour.
I think currently this broader social issues is still in its infancy stage as it is only about four years since thisGlobal Station started, although reasonably good progress has been made in some areas.
Specific points(Outstanding points)

I am particularly impressed for instance with the project on fisheries management measures for
multi-species, multi-method fisheries in Asia, headed by Professor Takashi Fritz Matsuishi. Professor
Matsuishi has a diverse group of graduate students from the region and Japan who worked closely with him
to solve problems which not only has local relevance but also regional relevance as the collaboration
includes government agency from the Department of Fisheries of the Royal Thai Government and Southeast
Asian Development Center (SEAFDEC) on sustainable fisheries in Southeast Asian region. The researchcarried out by his team also has impact on sustainability of fisheries and are able to help address some of
the global issues on overfishing and food security which has regional relevance in fast growing South East
Asia and HU can play a leadership role in this in the region.
(Suggestions for improvement)

HU is a comprehensive University, and should be able to bring in colleagues from within the HU system inthe social sciences and humanities school and even the health sciences and medical school to form a morediverse inter-disciplinary teams to broaden the research coverage and address social impact and social issues
in a more strategic way as a consequence of tackling these problems. It is good to look outside the Japanesesystem and see how best to perhaps adopt/adapt what has been the best practices across the globe. One
consideration that I think HU can do well and learn from, is to study Cornell Cooperative Extension model(from Cornell University): http://cce.cornell.edu/
and see how to put knowledge to work in pursuit of economic vitality, ecological sustainability and social
well-being in a very strategic way. Cornell, through their Cooperative Extension is able to bring local
experience and research based solutions together in their various outreach programmes, thereby helping
local farmers, families and communities thrive in our rapidly changing world.

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 II.

Education

Is the educational system and curriculum designed to help develop researchers who possess specialized knowledge
and are capable of working internationally?
Evaluation Results and Reasons(Your Evaluation Results)
S / A / B / C / D (circle one)
(Reasons)

The Graduate School of Global Food Resources has been properly set up since April 2017. The
organizational structure for the graduate school has also been carefully designed and successfully managedwith proper committees set up to take care of admission, curriculum matters, examination andcommencement of the graduating cohort. Its first intake in Academic Year 2017 met the quota distribution
for local and foreign students set under the HU original plan. Curriculum is well-designed which
incorporates experiential learning, problem-based learning approach as well as independent study withteaching instructors from across HU (humanities, social sciences, engineering, etc.) and overseas that
contributed to the teaching of this inter-disciplinary programme. Attrition rate is also very low as HU has
factored this in and take in an extra few to make up for this for the past cohorts.
Specific points(Outstanding points)

The curricula of the graduate programme was able to leverage on the academic visitors from the GSF toenhance its teaching and learning for the school. As a comprehensive university, the Graduate School is alsoable to tap on the diverse expertise from across its faculties to teach in this inter-disciplinary programme.
The admission quota has been achieved and are able to sustain the yearly intake to date. The field work
courses incorporated in the Wandervogel Study programme is an innovative experiential learning study
abroad component that brings students overseas for field studies that enhances its active learning objective
very well.
(Suggestions for improvement)

However, it is not clear, based on the data provided, on the student selectivity and quality, whether the
programme is attracting the best students locally and internationally. For the international students
recruitment, the net needs to be casted wider to recruit top talented students from more countries in theregion. This would entail conducting more outreach activities to promote the Graduate School and its
programmes.
Students’ feedback on the learning outcomes appeared to be very good but subsequently employer’s
feedback would need to be collated to keep improving and to keep the curriculum current, relevant, andup-to-date. Student learning outcome would also needs to be assessed and evaluated in a balanced and43

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holistic way taking into account instructors’ feedback as well to ensure the curriculum is delivering its key
interdisciplinary objective.
As the programme is inter-disciplinary in nature and students comes from diverse background anddisciplines, a “bridging module” may be necessary to be incorporated to bridge the gaps that some may needin their first year. It would also be useful to incorporate a capstone module in the final year which can tie inall the contents that students has accumulated into a coherent final module so that they can see the broader
picture. This can be in the form of a series of regular dialogue sessions, put together in a coherent manner,with leaders in the Industry and Government organization, who may be future prospective employers of thegraduates.

III.

Establishment of Framework

Are the necessary systems and frameworks being established in order to conduct international cooperative researchand education?
Evaluation Results and Reasons(Your Evaluation Results)
S / A / B / C / D (circle one)

(Reasons)

The system and framework necessary to conduct international collaborative research and education has
generally been established. However, it may not have tapped onto the full potential of HU staff internally inthe participation of this innovative research and education endeavour, and so more needs to be done toencourage staff across HU who are interested to be involved.
Specific points(Outstanding points)

Administrative support structure has been put in place to assist the project teams in handling the day-to-day
operations so that the researchers can focus on what they do best and that is to deliver the research andeducation endeavours. This is an important aspect and should not be neglected when this programme issubsumed under the Faculty once the funding has ended.
(Suggestions for improvement)

The future vision that would lead to sustainable research activities is unclear, as this needs to be wellthought-through to ensure what works currently in fostering good collaborative effort will continue to besupported by the home Faculty after the end of this funding support. Incentive must be given to recognise
staff for their publication in interdisciplinary work even though some of these journals may not be thosewith high impact factor.

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IV.

Overall Evaluation

Hokkaido University has embarked on an ambitious programme to build core competencies in its fifth
Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources under its GI-CoRE initiative. It has been fairly
successful in multiple fronts in achieving its objectives. The most immediate task following this mid-end
review is to ensure its efforts over the last four years and more, do not go to waste and that it can beleveraged on to build stronger inter-disciplinary core teams to carry out collaborative research within andoutside HU. These international teams have indeed sharpened and strengthened HU core research focus andbroadened its scope to do applied research which can address societal issues of social nature and global
concerns. There is also a need to move into applying some of the current research findings under the fiveidentified projects to examine how the present work can translate to application in industry and help drive
the formulation of good policy in time to come. Through this endeavour, there are many opportunities for
HU to play at least a regional leadership role in doing so if it can strategically propose to seek new grants
from funding agencies and industry and deliver its intended outcome in research and translate some of its
results towards innovation and enterprise. The Graduate School complements the research components very
well in producing and developing the manpower human resource through its programmes thereby providing
the necessary training to learn from a team of international faculty and experts. All these should serve HU
well, as it strive to become a global university, addressing issues, and solving problems of global concernsthat has local relevance.

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46

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Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources
Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education(GI-CoRE)
Hokkaido Univeristy
Research Progress Report(Project Period: Academic Year 2015-2019)47

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Contents

I. Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 51
1. Name of Global Station in GI-CoRE .................................................................................. 51
2. Project Period ...................................................................................................................... 51
3. Aims and Goals ................................................................................................................... 51
4. Necessity and Urgency ........................................................................................................ 52
5. Originality and Novelty ....................................................................................................... 53

II. Budget ....................................................................................................................................... 55

III. Detailed Results ...................................................................................................................... 56
1. Research in the Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources ............................. 56
1. 1 Goals .................................................................................................................................... 56
1. 2 Current Progress .................................................................................................................. 56
1. 3 Future developments ........................................................................................................... 62
2. Education in the Graduate Schools of Global Food Resources ......................................... 64
2. 1 Goals .................................................................................................................................... 64
2. 2 Current Progress .................................................................................................................. 65
2. 3 Future developments ........................................................................................................... 73
3. Administrative Framework ................................................................................................... 75
3. 1 GSF Management System ................................................................................................... 75
3. 2 Establishment and Improvement of Acceptance System .................................................... 76
3. 3 Administrative System ........................................................................................................ 77
3. 4 Future Prospects .................................................................................................................. 7749

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Appendices
Appendix I.

Description of Research Projects ....................................................................... 82

Project I

Sensing technologies for detection of biomarkers in animals and microbes .......... 82

Project II

Nitrogen cycles and microbes in the environment ................................................ 92

Project III

Collaborative effort on utilization of enzyme-assisted kelp for production of
biofuels and health benefits ................................................................................... 94

Project IV

Mechanisms of fungicide resistance in pathosystems and host-pathogen interactions
in grasses ............................................................................................................... 98

Project V

Fisheries management measures for multi-species, multi-method fisheries in Asia............................................................................................................................... 100

Appendix II.

Research Achievement and List of Publications (FY 2015-2019) ................. 103

1.

International collaborative papers (peer reviewed) ........................................................ 104

2.

Other publications ........................................................................................................... 105

3.

Verbal presentations .........................................................................................................114

4.

Patent applications .......................................................................................................... 121

5.

Awards ............................................................................................................................ 121

6.

External grants ................................................................................................................ 122

7.

Scientific outreach .......................................................................................................... 122

Appendix Ⅲ. Research Achievement and List of Publications (FY2019) ........................... 124
1.

International collaborative papers (peer reviewed) ......................................................... 125

2.

Other publications ........................................................................................................... 128

3.

Verbal presentations ........................................................................................................ 129

4.

Patent applications .......................................................................................................... 132

5.

Awards ............................................................................................................................ 132

6.

External grants ................................................................................................................ 132

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I.
1.

Overview
Name of Global Station (GS) in GI-CoRE
Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources (GSF)

2.

Project Period
2015-2019 academic years (5 years)

3.

Aims and Goals of GI-CoRE GSF
The world’s population is currently 7 billion and is forecast to reach 9.5 billion by 2050. In
addition to the population explosion, there is a marked concentration of population in certain
regions of the globe. Poverty and hunger are wreaking misery in developing countries, and evendeveloped countries are beginning to experience contamination of food and inherited resources,
along with shortages of clean tap water and irrigation water for agriculture, which are essential for
life. Furthermore, the land and water resources that produce food are itself becoming impoverishedand scarce, and desertification is ongoing. Anyone can see that the biggest challenge facing
humanity is the securing of sustainable food, water and land resources. Moreover, recent climatechange is having a major impact on food, water and land resources around the world. Not only are
there shortages in land and water resources nor food, but the quality of food is declining, andcontamination of food is a growing concern. Distribution needs to be diversified and new fooddevelopment methods are required. Many problems cannot be solved by conventional food andingredient research; collaborative, multidisciplinary research is now needed (Figure 1).

Do food resources support future world population?
Social infrastructure

Nutrients

Social institutions

Water

ForestEducation

ü Production
ü Environment
ü Governance

Exemplary farmers

Poverty

Population
increase

Microbes
Soil
High, Low
temperatures
Marinepollution

Low birthrate
and aging
populations

Composition, systematization
PovertyLand

SeaRegionEconomyAtmosphere

Genes

Food resources

Culture, tradition

HealthEnergyAging

Advanced research

Urban and rural areas

Climate change

Drought

Soil pollution

World market

Social implementation researchMultidisciplinary and international research cooperation

Figure 1.

Multiple problems surrounding the supply of global food resources

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We develop new research fields through collaborations with leading universities overseas, withthe aim of solving challenges such as shortages and imbalances in land and water resources,
contamination of food, water, and genetic resources, desertification of agricultural land,
increasingly poor sanitation, insufficient food distribution, satiety, hunger, and poverty. We also
work on social implementation of our studies in cooperation with international organizations tocontribute to wellbeing and sustainable development in both developing and developed countries.

4.

Necessity and Urgency of GI-CoRE GSF
The United Nations has been aware of the gap between the rich and the poor in developing
countries since the 1990s, and related topics have been discussed in international conferences andthe Summit Conference of the Leading Industrialized Nations. These issues were summarized as theMillennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2000, consisting of 8 goals with 21 targets.
The year 2015 was a critical year for global food resources issues, as it was the year set by the
UN for the achievement of the MDGs. The results were summarized in the MDG Report 2015. This
report described the changes that took place in the period from 1990 to 2015:
1. Extreme poverty decreased from 47 % to 14 % in the world population.
2. The net enrolment rate in primary school in developing regions increased from 80 % to91 %.
3. The ratio of boys and girls in primary, secondary and tertiary education became equal in
70 % of developing countries.
4. The global under-five mortality rate decreased from 90 to 43 deaths per 1000 live births.
5. The maternal mortality ratio declined by 45 % worldwide.
6. New HIV infections dropped by 40 %.
7. 91 % of people had access to improved sources of drinking water, compared to 76 % in
1990.
8. Global access to the internet grew from 6 % to 43 %.
It was thus concluded that the MDGs had improved the quality of life in developing countries.
However, despite many significant achievements, progress has been uneven across regions andcountries. Significant disparities were seen based on the economic situation, gender, age, disability,
ethnicity and geography. In other words, the most vulnerable people are being left behind.
The UN therefore launched the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015 as the next stepafter the MDGs. Seventeen goals need to be achieved through urgent action by all developed anddeveloping countries to improve health and education, reduce inequality, and spur economic growthin the face of the population growth and climate change that the world is experiencing. The MDGs

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failed to consider vulnerable people in developed countries, to the detriment of those populations.
The SDGs, therefore, seek to create conditions in which the entire human race can thrive.
While actions have been taken to achieve the SDGs, climate change has caused disasters such as
elevated temperatures, droughts, floods, more frequent typhoon-hit, severe winter cold, land andmarine pollution, severely impacting food, water, and land resources in recent years. These have
had devastating effects on food resources and human lives, including food shortages, hunger, andmalnutrition. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World MeteorologicalOrganization (WMO) therefore established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC), publishing assessment reports since 1990. IPCC also issued the Summary for PolicyMakers and Technical Summary to call for action against climate change by all nations.
Researchers are also urged to participate in actions to mitigate climate change issues.
To figure out the issues for the future food resources from the viewpoints of production,
environment and governance, the Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources (GSF) in the
Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, hasbeen organized and launched in April 2015 by consisting of researchers in the fields of production,
environment, and governance.
Thus far, conventional studies of food resources have been conducted from the professional
standpoints of the production, environment, and governance. In order to solve the imbalance in foodresources, it is necessary to consider the link between people, regions, and society. Academic
collaboration is therefore needed between the research fields of the production, environment, andgovernance to overcome the challenges facing food, land and water resources.

5.

Originality and Novelty of GI-CoRE GSF
Conventional studies of food resources have been carried out from the professional standpoints ofthe production, environment, and governance, and the innovative technologies contributed on an
academia and industries. Now that the SDGs and IPCC have pointed out the challenges facing
human society and food resources due to population growth and climate change, all of academia
must work together to address these issues. Solving food resources issues requires consideration not
only of natural scientific technologies but also governance at the levels of people, regions, andsocieties. The GSF is one of the first interdisciplinary organization in Japan that aims to approachfood resource science with a fusion of academic fields.
Science of Global Food Resources is a new field of research, and collaboration with leading
universities overseas is important in order to raise global awareness of this new science.

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Strengthening the relationship and cooperation with international organizations are equallyindispensable to solve the challenges facing global food resources, such as shortages andimbalances in land and water resources, contamination of food, water, and genetic resources,
desertification of agricultural land, increasingly poor sanitation, insufficient food distribution,
satiety, hunger, and poverty. It should also be noted that the social implementation of studies thathave been conducted is one of the features of this research field.

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II. Budget

Unit: 1,000 JPY

FY 2015

FY 2016

FY 2017

FY 2018

FY 2019(for researchers
from overseas)

2,540

1,209

4,948

2,345

4,100

15,142Administrative
cost

7,930

10,99812,37814,473

14,65660,435

Operating andresearch cost--

15,57915,982

19,20050,761

Graduate School of Global
Food Resources

64,883

41,14356,44556,55049,964

268,985

Total

75,35353,35089,35089,35087,920395,323

Category
Personnel cost

GI-CoREadministrative
framework

*, **

*, **

*

*

(projected)

*

Total

*

* Including travel expenses for invited researchers from overseas** Including preparation costs for Graduate School of Global Food Resources

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III. Detailed Results
1 Research in the Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources
1.1 Goals
The goal of Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources (GSF) is to develop new research
fields through collaborations with leading universities overseas, with the aim of solving challenges
facing global food resources. We also work on the social implementation of our studies in cooperation
with international organizations to contribute to wellbeing and sustainable development in bothdeveloping and developed countries.

1.2 Current Progress
1.2.1
Construction of the baseØ Role sharing with affiliated universities
The GSF consists of 19 faculty members from Hokkaido University, along with 19 overseas
researchers from Australia, France, Korea, Thailand, and the United States of America (Figure 2).
14 universities are providing support through collaborative research and education in the Graduate
School of Global Food Resources.
Innovative and collaborative studies are carried out by faculty members to lead the science of
global food resources (Figure 3). These studies fit with our basic philosophies of Hokkaido
University, i.e., frontier spirit, global perspectives, all-round education, and practical learning.

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Hokkaido University

Director:
Takashi Inoue

Advisor:Gretchen L. Kalonji
Nobuhito Hobo

1. Takashi Fritz Matsuishi
1. Kazunobu Ishii

1. 6. Methee Kaewnern (Kasetsart University)
1.Production Base Development

3. Brian Grant Fox (University of Wisconsin)

2. Genetic Resource Conservation

3. Amanda Bayer
3. Geunhwa Jung (University of Massachusetts)

1. Junichi Kashiwagi
1,3. Toshihiko Yamada
3. Masashi Takahashi
2.3. Itsuro Takamure
3. Taichi Takasuka

3. Production

3. Luciano Adrián González
3. 9. Michael Alan Kertesz
3. Brian Joseph Jones (University of Sydney)

4. Environmental Management

3. Yasuo Yoshikuni (The US Department ofEnergy, Joint Genome Institute)

4. Takashi Inoue

3. Lance H. Baumgard (Iowa State University)

5. Processing and Storage

4. Tomomichi Kato

4. Nicolas Delbart (University of Paris 7 )4. 9. Yoshitaka Uchida
5. Shuso Kawamura
5. Teruo Sone
6. Hajime Kubota
7. Kuniyuki Kobayashi

6. Allocation and Management

4. 9. Timothy Clough (University of Lincoln)

7. Policy

5. Roger Brett Bolton
10. Robert Hackman
3, 4. Shota Atsumi (UC Davis)
5. Juming Tang (Washington State University)

8. Distribution

7. Takako Nabeshima

7. Jong-Soo Lim (Kwangwoon University)
9. Resource Recycling

7. Yoko Saito
9. Toshikazu Kawaguchi
9. Guizani Mokhtar

7. Oh Sang Kwon (Seoul National University)
7. Ram Pandit (Western Australia University)

10. Food Safety

8. Philippe Karpe (Agricultural Research Centre
for International Development)

10. Seiji Takeda

Figure 2.

Overseas unit

Faculty members from Hokkaido University and overseas

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International faculty

Universityof Lincoln
Timothy
CloughUniversity of Sydney
Luciano Adrián González
Michael Alan Kertesz
Brian Joseph Jones
Joint Genome InstituteYasuo Yoshikuni

2 . G e n e t i c R e s o u rc e
C o n s e rv a t i o n• GMO, Food andAgriculture• Animal Reproduction
Technology

1 . P ro d u c t i o n B a s e
Development• Production in Global Food
Resources• Bio-production andTechnology• Diversity in Agriculture
Kasetsart University
Methee Kaewnern

Figure 3.

Faculty of Agriculture
Taichi Takasuka
Faculty of Agriculture
Itsuro Takamure

6. Allocation andManagement

Faculty of Agriculture
Teruo Sone
Faculty of Agriculture
Shuso Kawamura
Faculty of Economics and Business
Hajime Kubota

Faculty of Agriculture
Takashi Inoue
Faculty of Agriculture
Tomomichi Kato
Faculty of Agriculture
Yoshitaka Uchida• Sustainable Production• Bioenergy

Iowa State University
Lance H. Baumgard• Postharvest Technology• Viticulture, Enology andWine Marketing

4. Environmental Management• Environmental Sciences in
Global Food Resources• Environmental Management• Soil and Water Management

3 . P ro d u c t i o n

University of California, Davis
Roger Brett Bolton

5. Processing and Storage

University of California, Davis
Shota Atsumi

University of Wisconsin-Madison
Brian Grant Fox
University of Massachusetts
Amanda Bayer
Geunhwa Jung

Washington State University
Juming Tang

University of Paris 7
Nicolas Delbart• Governance in Global
Food Resources• Global Food Resource
Economics

Former Ambassador Extraordinary andPlenipotentiary of Japan to Sri Lanka
7 . Pol i cy
Nobuhito Hobo
• Economic Policy
Faculty of Agriculture
Kuniyuki Kobayashi• Political History ofCreation of International Society Faculty of Agriculture
Modernization in Rural
Yoko Saito
Communities
for Sound Material Cycles
Research Faculty of Mediaand Communication
Kwangwoon University
Jong-Soo Lim
Takako Nabeshima

Faculty of Agriculture
Masashi Takahashi
Field Science Center for Northern
Biosphere Toshihiko Yamada

Japanese faculty

F a c u l t y o f F i s h e r i e s Sc i e n c e s
Takashi Fritz Matsuishi
Faculty of Agriculture
Junichi Kashiwagi
Faculty of Agriculture
Kazunobu Ishii

Faculty of Environmental Earth
Science Toshikazu Kawaguchi
Faculty of Engineering
Guizani Mokhtar

F a c u l t y o f H e a l t h Sc i e n c e s
Seiji Takeda
10. Food Safety• Food and Health• Food and Gastronomy

Seoul National University
Oh Sang Kwon
8 . Di s t ri b u t i o n

9 . R e s o u r c e R e c yc l i n g• Environmental Resources
Science• Water-energy-food Nexus• Analytical Economics• Topics in EconometricAnalysis of Agriculture
and Related Fields

W e s t e rn
Australia
University
Ram Pandit

French Agricultural ResearchCentre for International
Development Philippe Karpe

University of California, Davis
Robert Hackman

Joint research and education system of the Global Station for Food, Land andWater Resources

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Ø Role sharing between faculty members at Hokkaido University
Faculty members of Hokkaido University manage the international projects, submit proposals fornational grants, and prepare projects involving industry-academia collaboration. Faculty members
mainly educate the students in the Graduate School of Global Food Resources and provide
opportunities to work with major international researchers overseas.
Prior to the creation of these international collaborative projects, domestic researchers haveworked together to address global food resources issues. Group chart is shown in Figure 4. For
instance, the wine project by Prof. Sone and Prof. Kawaguchi will be referenced in the collaborative
project with the University of California, Davis, very soon. Prof. Guizani Mokhtar and Prof.
Kawaguchi are running a project on the waste water treatment, funded by Hitachi Chemicals Co.
This work will be connected to the collaborative research project with the University of Sydney ofAustralia. Prof. Takahashi also works with Prof. Kawaguchi on research regarding early pregnancy
diagnosis in cattle. The seafood safety project is also being prepared. Prof. Matsuishi mainly
manages this project, and we sent students to Kasetsart University for this research.

Teruo Sone

Guizani Mokhtar

Masashi Takahashi

Toshikazu Kawaguchi
Multiple-Sensing for
certificate of local wine

Recovery of phosphatefrom discharged waterfrom starch factors

Early pregnancy
diagnosis in cattle

Takashi Fritz Matsuishi

Toshikazu Kawaguchi

Masashi Takahashi

Seiji Takeda

Surveillance of microplastics in cetacean digestive
canal

Seiji Takeda
Teruo Sone

Masashi Takahashi

Effect of food taking on physical properties oflipoproteins

Figure 4.

Domestic collaborations between faculty members in Hokkaido University

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1.2.2
International Collaborative ResearchesØ Assignment of overseas universities
Faculty members in the overseas unit were invited from major universities overseas. All
researchers are not only working with the faculty members of Hokkaido University on international
collaborative projects but also contribute to education in the Graduate School of Global Food
Resources (Figure 5). They give advice on research to our graduate students and provide students
with opportunities to study in their research laboratories and fields overseas. They also give lecturesin the Graduate School of Global Food Resources and have received high praise from the students.
In addition, they provide a luncheon seminar during lunch break every month, giving students
opportunities to communicate frankly with them.

Project I. Sensing technologies for detection of biomarkers in animals and microbes
Toshikazu Kawaguchi(Hokkaido University)

I-C. High-quality
compost manufacturing
technology

Brian J. Jones(University of Sydney)
I-D. Prevention of
decomposition ofvegetables after harvest

Michael A. Kertesz(University of Sydney )Project II. Nitrogen cycles and microbes in the environment
Yoshitaka Uchida(Hokkaido University)

Timothy Clough(Lincoln University)

The improvement of nutrient efficiency in manurecomposting systems
Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from surfacedamaged soils in dairy systems
Microbial activities and diversity in dairy farming systems

MasashiTakahashi(Hokkaido
University)

Lance H. Baumgard(Iowa State University)

Project IV. Mechanisms of fungicide
resistance in pathosystems and hostpathogen interactions in grasses
Amanda Bayer(University of Massachusetts)

Luciano A. González(University of Sydney)

I-A. Diagnosis of bovine heat stress andpregnancy
Study of metabolism of microbes in pregnant
cows under the heat stressed condition
I-B. Improvement of productivity andreduction of environmental footprint in beef
production
Evaluation of the relation between microbes
and the metabolism of cows
Project V. Fisheries management measures for
multi-species, multi-method fisheries in Asia
Takashi F Matsuishi(Hokkaido
University

J Ryan Stewart(Brigham Young University)
Drought stress tolerance in plants
Toshihiko Yamada(Hokkaido University
Geunhwa Jung
(University of Massachusetts)
Mechanisms of fungicide
resistance in pathosystems andhost-pathogen interactions ingrasses

Methee Kaewnern(Kasetsart
University)Fishery management in multispecies
fisheries

Project III. Collaborative effort on utilization of enzyme-assisted kelp for production of biofuels and health benefits
Taichi Takasuka(Hokkaido University)

Brian G. Fox (Universityof Wisconsin)

Shota Atsumi(UC Davis)

Yasuo Yoshikuni (The US
Joint Genome Institute)• Development of effective enzymatic conversion of kelp into simple sugar for bioproducts• Isolation of health beneficial polymers from kelp by a novel enzyme assisted method• Creating consolidating process (degradation of kelp and biosynthesis of chemicals) microbes by genome
editing and adoptive evolution strategy

Figure 5. International Collaboration projects between the faculty members from Hokkaido
University and the overseas

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Ø Progress of collaborative researches and their results
So far, five major international collaborative projects are being conducted by faculty members of
Hokkaido University and overseas researchers (Figure 5). We expect that the results of those works
will be published in influential journals soon.
Project I:
Sensing technologies for detection of biomarkers in animals and microbes
This project consists of four components. Prof. Kawaguchi mainly coordinates Hokkaido
University's work on this project. This project is an industry-academia collaboration with funding
by Japanese and Australian companies.
Project II: Nitrogen cycles and microbes in the environmentProf. Uchida manages this project. He is collaborating with Prof. Michael Kertesz of the
University of Sydney and Prof. Timothy Clough of Lincoln University. Student exchanges takeplace between Hokkaido University and both universities.
Project III:

Collaborative effort on utilization of enzyme-assisted kelp for production of
biofuels and health benefits
Prof. Takasuka manages this project. This project is a collaboration with several universities
and research institute in the USA. Prof. Brian Fox of the University of Wisconsin visits at Hokkaido
University to provide advice on research involving genomic studies.
Project IV:

Mechanisms of fungicide resistance in pathosystems and host-pathogen
interactions in grasses
Prof. Yamada manages this project. This project is a collaborative study with the University of
Massachusetts, Amherst. Our relationship with this university dates back to 1876, when Dr.
William Smith Clark was invited to establish Sapporo Agriculture College (now, Hokkaido
University). Prof. Geunhwa Jung often visits Hokkaido University and works with Prof. Yamada.
Project V:

Fisheries management measures for multi-species, multi-method fisheries in
Asia
This project is managed by Prof. Matsuishi, who works with Prof. Methee Kaewnern ofKasetsart University, a member of a leading university in the field of fisheries sciences in theSoutheast Asian region. The collaboration also includes the Department Fisheries of the Royal Thai
Government and the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC), with studies on
fisheries management to establish sustainable fisheries in the Southeast Asian region.
Detail of each project is described in Appendix I.

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1.3

Future developments
Here, we will describe the future vision and issues of the research activity at GSF from theviewpoints of organization and faculty, budget, and the direction of future researches.
1.3.1
Structural change of GSF and the faculty
As it will be described in detail at the section 3.4.1 of this report, GSF will be internalized andfixated into the Research Faculty of Agriculture from FY2020. Despite such changes on the
structure, GSF is required to maintain its properties of a highly independent research-basedorganization through the collaborative research activities between the cross-appointed overseas
researchers and the Hokkaido University faculties.
At this occasion, GSF needs further strengthening of the collaborative research activity and its
financial basis. The member of GSF for both overseas unit and Hokkaido University unit need to be
examined and carefully re-selected to those who can promote joint research, obtain external
research funds, and publish their research achievements.
The current GSF's overseas members should be distinguished into two groups; one is the groupof researchers who can afford for collaborative research activities and the others who are moreengaged for the education at the Graduate School of Global Food Resources.
Besides, because of the members of the Hokkaido University have decreased slightly since after
the establishment of the GSF due to retirement and move-out, we need to promote a morecooperative relationship with other departments within Hokkaido University. It is required to seek
and ask for the offer of the talented faculty member, in particular, the young researchers who cancontribute to the activities in GSF.
1.3.2
Budget and research funding
As the first phase of the project period for GSF will end by FY2019, GSF's budget is expected
to be reduced as a whole from FY2020 (except for personnel expenditures). In order to promoteresearch at GSF, GSF members need to make efforts to obtain external funds. One Grant-in-Aid for
Scientific Research (KAKENHI) of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) was
acquired in FY2018. Seven applications were submitted for this in 2019, but unfortunately, none ofthem has been adopted. It is essential to obtain competitive research funds not only for KAKENHI
but also for many different sources from outside.
1.3.3
Challenges in research collaborations
Despite the internalization of GSF is an ongoing issue, and the restriction in the budget may
cause constraints, it is necessary to further strengthen and promote joint research with overseas
universities and institutes. We have the following plans as cores of the research to be developed in
the near future.

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By accomplishing these research activities for appropriate management, utilization andconservation of food, water and land resources that are indispensable to the stability anddevelopment of the world and human society, we hope we can contribute toward the future
generation.
In addition, it is necessary to disperse the obtained research achievements to the society throughoutreach activities, and also to return to education of the Graduate School of Global Food Resources
and the others in Hokkaido University. As shown in Appendix II, our faculty members havepublished many research articles with domestic and overseas universities and research institutes.
Municipal governments in Hokkaido such as those of Furano City and Iwamizawa City also support
collaborative research and education. We expect our collaborations with government and industries
will be expanded more very soon.
Three plans for future directions of the research in GSF
A) In the most advanced food industries, we will organize research teams including
students and domestic and international researchers, and conduct research on foodresource factors such as distribution, bioenergy, and food development with the aimof creating commodity values that can be explored in international markets. In
addition, we will carry out joint research with international companies to contributeto a distribution revolution through the consolidation of processing, storage, andlogistic processes.
B) We plan to promote research on securing genetic resources and food production
methods in developing countries in regions such as Asia and Africa in order to apply
value chains to specific regions, develop food resource allocation, and establish
sustainable value chains.
C) We hope to conduct joint research with JICA (Japan International Cooperation
Agency) and other international organizations to develop strategies to correct food,land and water imbalances leading to hunger and poverty.

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2. Education in the Graduate Schools of Global Food Resources
2.1
Goals
The Graduate School of Global Food Resources has established the following missions todevelop personnel who can propose and implement specific solutions to the world’s food resource
issues. We provide multidisciplinary education that transcends the conventional boundaries between
the humanities and sciences.
1. To solve global issues concerning food and the resources that essential for food production
such as land and water.
2. To confront climate change issues through the development and popularization of newtechnology and methods for creating and preserving food production environments.
3. To establish systems to ensure safety for all people and fair distribution and supply of food ona global scale.
4. To foster “glocally” (globally and locally) minded personnel who can think globally and act
locally.
5. To develop creative leaders of international teams who possess an indomitable spirit andtechniques for creating new resources
6. To develop personnel with both specialist knowledge and practical skills who can think on
their feet in initiatives to contribute to economic development in JapanThe course also provides a generalist education on problem-solving methodology, equipping
future personnel with the following four skills.
1. Taking action: The ability to engage in problem-solving, based on accurate analysis ofsituations and strong communication skills.
2. Integration: The ability to understand the realities of global and local issues from a broad,comprehensive and multifaceted perspective and apply knowledge from both the humanities
and the sciences.
3. Organization: The ability to engage in discussions and negotiations for the purpose ofinternational cooperation and drive projects with strong leadership skills.
4. Fundamental problem solving: The ability to identify the root of an issue and propose specificmethodology that will lead to a solution.
The doctoral course, which started on April 2019, follows on from the master’s course, with evenmore specialist faculty and research to foster the generalist skills and specialist expertise needed topropose multifaceted solutions to issues.

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2.2
Current Progress
2.2.1
Organizational Structure of Educational ProgramsØ Overview of the Graduate School of Global Food Resources
The purpose of the Graduate School of Global Food Resources is to develop future international
leaders who are skilled in taking action, integration, organization and fundamental problem solving
and can propose and implement specific solutions to the wide range of food resource issues that arebecoming increasingly severe on a global scale. Unlike the usual structure of graduate school
education, which specializes in a specific academic field, this new graduate school covers a wide
range of academic fields related to food resource issues.
Ø Connection to GI-CoRE GSF
GI-CoRE’s GSF carries out joint research with top research units invited from overseas. The
Graduate School of Global Food Resources was opened in 2017 to use the findings of the GS’s
research as a base for education (Figure 6).

ORGANIZATION CHART of The Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources (GSF)
The relationship between GI-CoRE and the Graduate School of Global Food Resources

GI-CoRE GSF

Global Station for Food,Land and Water
Resources

Research Unit on
PRODUCTION
related to food, land
and water resources

Research Unit on
ENVIRONMENT
related to food, land
and water resources

Research Unit on
GOVERNANCE
related to food, land
and water resources

Latest research developments

Integration
Graduate School of
Global Food Resources

Curriculum

We will take advantage of research activities being undertaken in GSF in design of thecurriculum of the new graduate school.

Figure 6. The relationship between GI-CoRE GSF and the Graduate School of Global Food
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Ø Details of establishment of the Graduate School
The world’s population is currently seven billion and is expected to grow to over nine billion by
2050. This population explosion is unlike anything humanity has experienced before, and it isoutstripping the world’s food production capacity. Increasingly severe climate change is also taking
place on a global scale, threatening the security of resources such as land and water that are
essential for the production of food. Unequal access to resources that are necessary for survival andstrain on food distribution systems have resulted in even greater economic disparity, worsening thepoverty, hunger and spread of infectious diseases in developing countries. Developed countries arealso experiencing issues that threaten people’s survival and daily lives, such as threats to safety
caused by food contamination and the use of toxic substances, dramatic changes in distribution
systems and the way food is transported and stored, and a rapid increase in obesity and adultdiseases due to poor diet.
Never in history have we faced such a critical food, land and water crisis on a global scale.
Caused by a complex combination of wide-ranging and multilayered factors, this crisis is possibly
the greatest global issue of the 21st century.
Japan is no exception, with a growing list of problems such as a decline in the number of farmers
due to aging and depopulation, a stagnating food self-sufficiency rate, a precarious food production
and safety situation linked to political and trade issue, and food safety issues that are becoming
more serious at a societal level.
For the purposes of our work, the Graduate School of Global Food Resources defines “foodresources” as food, food products and related elements such as land, water, the environment,
hygiene, health, policies, economics, education, production, distribution and safety, and “foodresource issues” as issues concerning food resources.
Under these circumstances, there is an urgent need to develop international leaders who cantackle the growing food resource issues taking place on a global scale. Thus far, however, Japanese
graduate schools have not taken a broad enough approach to food resource issues, focusing
primarily on developing researchers and addressing individual issues that are only a small part ofthe picture, rather than taking a comprehensive view of the world’s issues and developing
international-minded experts with strong leadership skills. This is a consequence of the way
graduate school education is structured at present: courses are designed to provide highly specialist
knowledge in a specific field, making it difficult to develop personnel with both wide-ranging
knowledge and specialist expertise (T-type personnel training curriculum; Figure 7). To solve thisissue, it is vital to think outside existing graduate schools, which specialize in specific fields ofacademia, and set up an independent educational institute encompassing a wide range of academic
fields related to food resource issues.

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T-Type Personnel Training Curriculum
T-Type Personnel Training Curriculum
Distinctive Curriculum Composition

Master’s
Program

ActionUnifiedOrganize【 Wandervogel
Study】】【 Curriculum that
Integrates the
Humanities andSciences】】
Introductory Courses
Themed Courses【 Led by Business
People from Outsideof the University】】

Wandervogel Training,
Pre- and Post-Exercises

Special Lectures in Food
Resources
Special Exercises inFood Resources

Basic approach【 Problem Based
Learning】】
Exercises in Food
Resource Studies
Research in Food
Resource Studies

Master’s Degree
AwardedAdvanced approach
Doctoral Program【 Problem Based
Learning】】

DoctorateAwardedTruly integrating
integrating humanities
sciences,different
fields,and new,
complex
Truly
humanitiesandandsciences,different
fields,and new,
academicdisciplines
Born
from
practical“dialogue”
complex academic disciplines born from practical “dialogue” between
the between faculty and students
the faculty and students.

l World-Class Foreign Instructors InvitedØ In order for this university (which is efficient in foodproduction education) to strengthen its stance andfooting, we invite experts in basic scientific fields suchas food analysis, biomaterials, and all other fields suchas distribution, policy, trade, and food culture.
l Education that Integrates the Humanities
and SciencesØ Based on research guidance from multiple instructors in
different specialized fields, we implement “multieducation” for understanding the modern world’s
situation, economics, history, folklore, philosophy, andso on.
Ø Education that integrates humanities and sciences isplanned by instructors in “the sciences” of agriculture,engineering, and health, and “the humanities” ofeducation and economics.
l Wandervogel StudyØ Emphasizes local sites and fosters the spirit of practicallearning through mid/long-term study stays at various
domestic or overseas locations.
l Master’s/Doctoral Program Education in English
Ø All education (lectures/training/exercises) is conducted
in English.
l Consistent Education in Technological Systems
Ø By means of a consistent education from environmental
conservation to food production, we train talented,
pioneering individuals with international negotiation
abilities commonly used throughout the world.
l Mixed Education with Working Adults and Students
Ø We accept working adults who wish to relearn and open
up specialized graduate school education for diverse
students who will diligently apply in the future.

Figure 7. Education in the Graduate School of Global Food Resources with T-type personnel
training curriculum

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2.2.2
Internationally Cooperative Education
Ø Operating system of education and our admission policy
Our international education framework is achieved by the structure described in Figure 3 (p.10).
Under the four basic principles of Hokkaido University, i.e., Frontier Spirit, Global Perspectives,
All-round Education and Practical Learning, the Graduate School of Global Food Resources call forthe students who;
ü acquire both wide perspectives on a global scale and deep understanding on local societies,
ü are aware of the importance of food resources in the 21st century’s strategy for survival,
ü have a noble spirit and a willingness to abandon selfishness and contribute to human society
In more specific terms, we are seeking students who are keen to;ü approach and solve problems with a broad perspective that encompasses the humanities andsciences,ü receive hands-on, practical education in both national and international settings,
ü take the initiative to search for, identify, solve, raise and examine issues,
ü work in a global society with a pioneer spirit,ü develop strong communication skills, team work and turning ideas into action,ü seek the diverse practical job opportunities beyond academic research.
The Graduate School of Global Food Resources willing to accepts students from a wide varietyof backgrounds, with the aim of finding highly ambitious and talented students and providing themwith an education that encompasses the humanities and sciences to foster personnel that will meetsociety’s wide-ranging needs.
Ø Framework for selection of students
For Master’s course, students are selected through a comprehensive assessment comprising 1) an
English proficiency test, 2) a short essay exam, and 3) an oral test. Doctor’s course students are
required to take an oral test for their ability of study and research through the course.
The general entrance exam for both Master’s and Doctor’s course is carried twice a year (part 1
and 2). In addition, we have special entrance exam for international students.

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➢ Acceptance of students

Master’s Course(capacity: 15 students)
PassesYear

Enrolled
students

Generalselection(Part 1)

Specialselection ofinternational
students

Generalselection(Part 2)Students
who
declinedtheir offer ofadmission2017 academic
year

17

15

5

1

4

(3)

(1)

(5)

(0)

(3)

16

13

2

3

2

(3)

(2)

(2)

(0)

(1)

19

17

1

2

1

(4)

(1)

(1)

(2)

(0)

2018 academicyear2019 academic
year*Parentheses indicate international students.

Doctor’s Course(capacity: 6 students)
PassesYear

Enrolled
students

Generalselection(Part 1)

Specialselection ofinternational
students

Generalselection(Part 2)Students
who
declinedtheir offer ofadmission

2019 academic
year

6

4

1

1

0

(4)

(3)

(1)

(0)

(0)

*Parentheses indicate international students.

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Ø Good practices at the Graduate School
1. Luncheon seminars were held for our faculty and students with talks by experts in each field
who have been invited from universities and other institutions overseas. Nine luncheon seminars
were held in 2017 academic year and seven were held in 2018 academic year.
2. Field work courses (Wandervogel Study I (Compulsory subject)) is held in Denmark every June
and Wandervogel Study II (Compulsory subject) is held in Myanmar every February to promoteexchange between our students and the students in these two countries. Wandervogel Study I
and II employ active learning methods such as a presentation session in English at the end ofeach course.
3. From 2018 academic year, Wandervogel Study III is held in Australia, the Philippines and New
Zealand in September and Wandervogel Study IV is held in Furano City in October. Active
learning is used, with plenty of discussions with local faculty and engineers.
4. The English education program combines intensive courses with small class sizes taught byexternal lecturers and a self-study program using e-learning.
5. An elective course on International Understanding is offered. Japanese and overseas lecturers
who are working in a global society are invited to give talks to equip students with theknowledge and training they will need in their future work as global leaders.
6. In keeping with the graduate school’s focus on overseas education such as the Wandervogel
Study and field work, a speaker from the Otaru Quarantine Station (Ministry of Health, Labourand Welfare) was invited in 2018 academic year for a faculty development session on infectious
diseases to be aware of when traveling overseas and preventive measures that can be taken.
7. An Educational Instruction Committee comprising an instructor and two assistant instructors isformed for each student shortly after the course begins (mid-April). The faculty makes use of thebenefits of this multi-instructor approach, building a flexible instruction framework thatapproaches the subject matter from a wide range of perspectives. Care is taken to ensure thateach committee comprises faculty from different areas of study.
8. When selecting international students, applications are made online and interviews are
conducted by email and Skype to make the process easier for overseas nationals who wish to
apply for the course.
9. From the academic year of 2018, a summer course was established with mutual acceptance
between Hokkaido University and the National University of Singapore (NUS). One student
from the Graduate School of Global Food Resources participated and attending lectures at NUS,
a plant factory and oil palm plantation to receive a local education, as well as receiving predeparture support and attending joint classes in Hokkaido.
10. Two overseas learning satellites are held: Wandervogel Study I (project name: Dairy Farming
and Resource Recycling in a Developed Country: Learning from Denmark) and Wandervogel
Study II (project name: Tackling Food Resource Issues in a Developing Country: Field Work in
Myanmar).

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11. The graduate school functioned as a summer institute, teaching three classes: “Diversity inAgriculture”, “Agricultural Resource Economics” and “Special Course in Food Resources:
Economic Statistics on Food Resources”.
12. The following events such as lectures for local citizens, public seminars and international
symposiums were held.
2017 academic year
・ Public talk for Sustainability Week 2017: Learning about Sustainability in Agriculture from
Long-standing Farming Methods in Japan and the USA
・ Joint seminar between Hokkaido University and the Research Institute for Humanity andNature: Rediscovering Agriculture: Insights from Fields Around the World・ Special lecture on agriculture and international food resources: A Call for Young People to
Become Global Personnel
・ Special lecture on agriculture and international food resources: Integrated Management of
Water Resources and Reuse of Waste Water
・ International Symposium on Biomass Refinery: From Biomass Crops to Chemicals andFuels
2018 academic year
・ International Symposium on Resilience in the Global Food System (hosted by GI-CoRE’s
GSF with cooperation from the Graduate School of Global Food Resources)
・ A poster presentation session was held for students in the master’s course at the same
symposium, with awards given to four students.

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➢ Other initiatives in the establishment of the Graduate School, such as unique curriculum
The Graduate School of Global Food Resources holds field work courses called ‘Wandervogel
Study’. Through these courses, students visit locations inside and outside Japan to gain firsthandknowledge of the realities of issues concerning food resources. This provides educational
development as they become aware of food resource issues around the world and autonomously andproactively link these issues to their own areas of interest.

Course Name

Main
Year

Number of Credits

Wandervogel
Study in Global
Food

Compulsory

１１Compulsory

１２Compulsory
elective

Independent study efforts for solving
１

Recognize the challenges within

Wandervogel
Food

２

Compulsory
elective

agricultural groups/local governments,
１

problems within Japan.

Wandervogel
Research
Global Food
Resources V

and independently study efforts forsolving and improving food-resource

Resources IV

Internship inand improving various food-resource
problems in various parts of the world.

Resources III

Study in Global

and improving food-resource problems

Myanmarin Developing Countries.

Wandervogel
Food

Denmark

Independent study efforts for solving

Resources II
Study in Global

and improving food-resource problems
in Developed Countries.

Wandervogel
Food

Main Training
Site

Independent study efforts for solving
１

Resources I
Study in Global

Objective/Content

２Compulsory
elective[１]*

Multiple(various
overseas
locations)
Multiple(various
domestic
locations)

Deepen expertise and conduct master’sMultiplethesis research/research on designated(various

topics at sites outside of school such as

overseas /governments, research institutions, anddomestic

corporations at home and abroad.

locations)* Courses where the number of credits is in [ ] are taken through multiple class titles, andthey may be taken as any one of those courses.

All 51 subjects (12 compulsory courses, 17 compulsory electives, and 22 electives) are taught inEnglish. As all of the courses at the Graduate School of Global Food Resources are taught inEnglish, all students are able to complete their courses entirely in English.

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2.3
Future Developments
Here, we will discuss the future of the Graduate School of Global Food Resources from threeperspectives: 1. admissions, 2. faculty structure, and 3. curriculum and career development.
2.3.1
Admissions
There has been a steady number of applicants for the Master’s course in both general and special
selection over the three years since the program’s start. In addition to Japanese students, a certain
number of international students are enrolled, and this is expected to increase. We have gone a little
beyond the capacity in total (15 students per year), but the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT) policy requires strict management of admissions capacities atuniversities. This means that no matter the number of applicants, we are unable to accept more thana certain number of students. On the other hand, however, this implementing a strict entrance exam
enables us to admit only students of a particular caliber.
Currently, enrollment in doctoral courses is decreasing in Japanese universities, so fulfillingenrollment capacities has become a concern for many graduate schools. For our doctoral course thatstarted in April 2019, we successfully had six student enrollments, which fulfils the capacity.
However, we must put consistent efforts to convey the appeal of both the Graduate School of
Global Food Resources and Hokkaido University to promote higher achieving.
2.3.2
Faculty structure
The Graduate School of Global Food Resources had 21 full-time faculty members when it wasestablished in April 2017. Over the past two years, circumstances such as retirement and transfer toother universities have led to the loss of three full-time faculty members, and they have not yet been
replaced. Now there are 18 full-time faculty members as of April 2019.
Budgets of national universities, especially the Management Expenses Grants from the central
government continue to be reduced at all the national universities across the country, which also
leads to the tightening of faculty expenses. Hokkaido University plans to reduce faculty expenses
by 7.5% during our 3rd Med-term Target Period (the six years from 2016 to 2021). As a result,
there have been cases where handling of personnel has not been smooth. This has led to a situation
where the faculty has no leeway in any department, so there is no room for cooperation between the
Graduate School of Global Food Resources and other departments.
Despite these circumstances, we must secure a certain number of faculty members to ensure thatthe educational philosophy and goals set forth by the Graduate School are achieved. We must also
continue to establish links with the institutes outside the university to bring in faculty from thoseinstitutes through cross-appointment.
GI-CoRE is an initiative unique to Hokkaido University through which faculty from overseas
universities and institutes can be assigned to the HU through cross-appointment. Using this solesystem, the GSF need to invite faculty from overseas, diversifying the educational program of our73

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Graduate School. It will be necessary to promote research and educational exchange with othercountries and develop the education provided by the Graduate School of Global Food Resources.
2.3.3
Curriculum and career development
Education in the Graduate School of Global Food Resources is characterized by an emphasis on
hands-on, practical education in both national and international settings with a broad perspectivethat encompasses the humanities and sciences, with all classes conducted in English. Students are
accepted from a wide variety of backgrounds beyond the agricultural sciences. The course utilizes abroad curriculum that covers 51 subjects to achieve a distinctive education. Wandervogel Study is
one of the most distinctive parts of our curriculum. These subjects are taught by a variety of faculty,
including those invited from overseas. We intend to continue, maintain and enforce diversity in our
curriculum. At the same time, the curriculum must be continuously evaluated and improved. Also,
we need to encourage students to engage in active learning, practical training, discussion and group
work must be promoted in the place of conventional passive learning in lecture format.
The students’ English proficiency improves considerably by the end of the course. However, wehave not yet ascertained the level of this improvement objectively. We need to introduce
appropriate objective indicators of English proficiency shortly.
We asked the first graduates of the Master’s course for a survey which was implemented at thetime of their graduation. The result of this survey indicated a high level of satisfaction: more than 4points out of 5 on average. Prospects for their careers were also excellent. In order to continue toachieve high levels of student satisfaction and educational achievement, we need to continue toimprove our curriculum, develop an appealing syllabus and develop even better educational
methods.
For Doctor’s course student as well as our young faculty, it is necessary to increase the numberof international joint studies by developing further relationships between foreign universities andinstitutes. With such collaborations, we could offer numerous opportunities for graduate students
and young researchers to experience innovative research at sophisticated leading laboratories, witheducation and instruction provided by internationally leading researchers. Through these, they will
have the chance to gain a global perspective and know-how. This direct experience will stimulate
the young researchers and students to develop their career, and such youthful researchers andstudent will lead the GSF and the Graduate School in the dynamism of active research and study inthe future.

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3. Administrative Framework
3.1
GSF Management System
The Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE) was established in
April 2014 as a faculty organization with the aim of developing international collaborative researchand education. Taking full advantage of the distinctive characteristics and strengths of Hokkaido
University, GI-CoRE is a unique department unlike any others before it. It functions as anindependent educational and research organization under the direct supervision of the president of
the university. The newly adopted GI-CoRE framework facilitates international collaborative
research and education smoothly and systematically with leading research members invited fromoverseas, rather than relying on international exchange promoted individually by researchers. Under
the President’s powerful leadership, Hokkaido University reformed its management system andestablished the framework of GI-CoRE promptly to implement an unprecedented method for
accepting overseas researchers.
Under the concept of GI-CoRE, the Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources (GSF)
was launched in April 2015 as the third global station of the project. Mr. Nobuhito Hobo, the former
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to Sri Lanka, Dr. Gretchen Kalonji, theformer Assistant Director-General for the Natural Sciences, UNESCO, and Dr. Jean-Robert Pitte,
the former president of Université Paris-Sorbonne, Paris IV, were assigned as strategic advisers.
In the first and second year, GSF faculty members who joined GSF from various fields such as
agriculture, fisheries, engineering, health science, anthropology, environmental science, economics
and education were divided into three units; Production, Environment, and Governance. From thethird year onward, the three units were consolidated into one overseas unit to enhance the station’s
interdisciplinary approach that goes beyond the borders between its units in research and education.

Figure 8.

Structure of GI-CoRE GSF(2015 and 2016)75

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The members have held regular meetings and actively discussed important matters such as 1)transfers of faculty members, 2) research and educational activities of the global stations, and 3)
budget management. As such, these activities are being driven successfully by a faculty-led
management system.
3.2

Establishment and Improvement of Acceptance System
Under the governance of the President, GI-CoRE has established the necessary system toaccept overseas researchers and improved the environment in which GI-CoRE tasks are carried out,
in order to invite the world’s top researchers from external universities and institutions and allow
them to collaborate with the fine teaching staff in the related disciplines at Hokkaido University.
Below are details on this.
1. In order to achieve a more flexible arrangement in the hiring of personnel, GI-CoRE introduceda cross-appointment system with overseas universities and institutions before the system was
implemented for the whole university. The cross-appointment system enables top-classresearchers from overseas and domestic institutions to be appointed at Hokkaido University
while holding an employee status at their original institutions. It enables researchers to
temporarily transfer to another organization while simultaneously belonging to the originalorganization where they are employed.
2. The implementation of the cross-appointment system has produced more flexible personnel andsalary systems for the overseas faculty members. An annual salary system has been selected,
the employment age restriction has been relaxed and a new title of Distinguished Professor has
been established to acknowledge particularly important achievements in faculty members’
fields of study.
3. GI-CoRE has set up a flexible system to handle travel expenses and accommodation rentals foroverseas researchers who conduct education and research activities at Hokkaido University.
4. To utilize existing research resources in the university, GI-CoRE has also applied the crossappointment system to participating researchers from Hokkaido University who conduct
international collaborative research and education. The researchers hold positions both in their
original departments and in GI-CoRE.
5. Upon conducting advanced international collaborative research and education, GI-CoRE hasreviewed the point-based personnel system and applied flexible personnel distribution even in
researcher positions.
6. GI-CoRE overseas faculty members are exempt from general administrative tasks such as
faculty meetings and work for entrance examinations so that they can concentrate on theirresearch and education for GI-CoRE.

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The above-mentioned cross-appointment system, annual salary system for regular teaching staff
and other relevant systems have been started as pilot systems for other departments within theuniversity. In addition to these systems, GI-CoRE has provided rich research environments andextensive educational experiences to young researchers and brought them the benefits of the fusionof different research fields and interdisciplinary collaboration with diversified departments as they
cooperate in the project.
Through this virtuous cycle, the pilot systems at GI-CoRE have been gradually expanded to thewhole university and have started to reinforce the university’s administrative functions.
GI-CoRE utilizes established networks and outcomes achieved through collaborative researchwith institutions and organizations to further strengthen research projects that give the university anedge over other research universities and implement ‘global postgraduate-level education byorganic fusion of different fields’ at graduate schools in related fields. To promote these, GI-CoRE
will use management expenses grants from the Japanese government, and aims to obtain various
funds such as competitive funds as grants-in-aid for scientific research and donation.
3.3
Administrative System
In order to support research and educational activities in the global station, administrative staff
are required to strengthen their capabilities to handle international affairs. With this in mind,
Hokkaido University has set up a specialist administrative office for GI-CoRE and assigned staff
members who were able to offer substantial assistance in English to create a bilingual (Japanese andEnglish) environment where professors who have come from overseas are able to put all their focus
on teaching and research. The administrative staff at the GSF Station comprises one specialist andtwo clerical assistants. These staff members are stationed at the building where the Graduate Schoolof Global Food Resources is located, and provide support for daily research activities conducted
there.
3.4
Future Prospects
Here, we describe the future organizational challenges of GSF and the Graduate School of
Global Food Resources.
3.4.1
Internalization and fixation of GS into the related sector within Hokkaido University
Under the direct governance of GI-CoRE, each GS has been operated using a special budget
called MEXT's Promotion Budget for Function Enhancement. Basically, this budget is to beincorporated as a core expense in the university's ordinary budget after being taken for a period offive years.
At the end of GS’s five-year first phase, the university executive department asked to startconsidering that each GS be internalized and fixed in the relevant sector, instead of keeping each
GS under the direct affiliate of GI-CoRE.

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In response to this, GSF has begun to discuss its internalization and fixation into the Research
Faculty of Agriculture, which is the most closely related sector for GSF. In preparation for GSF
being incorporated as part of the Research Faculty of Agriculture commencing from the fiscal year
2020, we are now examining the organizational concepts, faculty positions and treatment,
budgeting, and administrative systems of future GSF.
Despite the mother body of GSF will be changed from GI-CoRE to the Research Faculty ofAgriculture, GSF should maintain its properties of a highly independent research-basedorganization through the collaborative research activities between the cross-appointed overseas
researchers and the Hokkaido University faculties. Furthermore, the fruit of GSF’s research
activities has to be extended to the educational reinforcement for both graduate schools of the
Global Food Resources and the Agriculture.
One of the consequences of the internalization of GSs is the reduction of its budget. Upon theinternalization, the budget will be incorporated as the university’s ordinary budget. Therefore, itwill be continuously funded, but the amount will be expected to be reduced to approximately 65%of the former amount. Thus, it is predicted that GSF will be under tough financial situation after
internalization. To overcome the effect, it is necessary to further promote research and educational
activities through the selection and integration of the core competence of GSF. Further efforts arealso needed for obtaining external research funding.
3.4.2 Improvement of educational system
MEXT’s Central Council for Education published a report called Grand Design for Higher
Education toward 2040 in November 2018. (An English summary can be found here:
http://www.mext.go.jp/component/b_menu/shingi/toushin/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2018/12/17/1411360_7_2.pdf)

Among this, the following two points are raised as the image of the required human resources
and the form that higher education should aim for.
1) People capable of surviving the age of unpredictability: Acquire universal knowledge andunderstanding as well as versatile skills both in humanities and sciences. Qualify to actively
support society along with the changes of the times and improve the society with capabilityof thinking logically2) Shift to learners-oriented education: Visualize the learning outcomes of individual learners,
ensure diversity and flexibility in systems to enable learners to continue learning as well as
mobility of learners

To achieve these objectives, the council is indicating the following education and researchframework requirements. 1) diverse students, 2) diverse faculties, 3) diverse and flexible

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educational programs, 4) flexible governance to accept diversity, and 5) enhancement of
university's diverse strengths.
The Graduate School of Global Food Resources has adopted many of these recommended
elements prior to the announcement of this report. Notably, the history and reputation of Hokkaido
University dating back to the early days of the Sapporo Agricultural College, basic philosophies of
Hokkaido University, and the scale and diversity of this comprehensive university are the backboneof the education provided by the Graduate School of Global Food Resources and forming thestrength of this school.
On the other hand, there are areas for improvement in the educational program of the Graduate
School of Global Food Resources. For example, our education tends to be heavily influenced byeach faculty member’s research field, methods, experience and research acquirements. In someways, this is unavoidable because each of our faculty members has a highly specialist backgroundas a researcher. It also provides students with an otherwise rare opportunity to meet highly
specialized professionals who can share their experience, knowledge and insights. However, as theprovider of educational programs, we need to look at things through the students’ eyes – what dothey really want to learn? What skills do they need to master? We must constantly examine our
educational systems and have to keep working to improve them.

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Appendices81

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Appendix I. Description of Research Projects
Project I: Sensing technologies for detection of biomarkers in animals and microbes
This research is carried out and promoted by three research groups in Hokkaido, the USA, and Australia as
illustrated as Figure A1. Graduate students in each group are assigned on this study, and researchers from fivedomestic companies cooperate in prototyping sensor elements and systems. In addition, experiments are conductedat farms belonging to Hokkaido University and two major overseas universities that are strong in the agricultural
fields, i.e., the University of Sydney and the Iowa State University. The following four components are involved inthis project.

Figure A1. Organization of the project on sensing technologies for detection of biomarkers in animals and microbes.

I-A. Diagnosis of bovine heat stress and pregnancy (collaboration with Prof. Lance Baumgard,
the Iowa State University)
The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of compost fertilizers and livestock production
through the use of advanced sensors and monitoring systems able to measure substances producedby the metabolism of microorganisms living in bovine bodies and compost.
In this research, basic sensors such as an N2O, NO and CO2 gas sensor, a CH4 gas sensor, an H2
gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor are built in a breath gas monitoring system.
Additionally, gas sensors to measure O2, alcohols, acetone, hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, sulfide,and NO will be assembled for heat stroke or pregnancy diagnosis.
In the study on heat stroke diagnosis, Prof. Baumgard will investigate the effectiveness of
substances used to counter heat stroke by comparing metabolic state with intestinal tissue andgastric surface structures in cows with a breath gas monitoring system.

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In the study on pregnancy diagnosis, Masashi Takahashi and Toshikazu Kawaguchi will compare
the signal substances related to pregnancy in bovine blood and gas products in cows’ breath. The
study will be conducted using a new pregnancy diagnosis technique.
I-B. Improvement of productivity and reduction of environmental footprint in beef
production (collaboration with Prof. Luciano Gonzalez, the University of Sydney)
The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of compost fertilizers and livestock production through theuse of advanced sensors and monitoring systems able to measure substances produced by the metabolism of
microorganisms living in bovine bodies and compost.

I-C. High-quality compost manufacturing technology (collaboration with Prof. Michael Kertesz,
the University of Sydney)
The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of compost fertilizers and livestock
production through the use of advanced sensors and monitoring systems able to measure substances
produced by the metabolism of microorganisms living in bovine bodies and compost.
I-D. Prevention of decomposition of vegetables after harvest (collaboration with Prof. Brian
Jones, the University of Sydney)
Vegetables produce ethylene gas through metabolic reactions after harvest, and it is known that
ethylene gas causes decomposition of vegetables in storage boxes. Photo-catalysts have become afocus for decomposition of ethylene gas in recent years. Here, we propose a use of a newly
synthesized photo-catalyst to prevent decomposition of vegetables.

Project I-A: Diagnosis of bovine heat stress and pregnancy
PurposeTo improve the quality of compost fertilizers and livestock production through the use ofadvanced sensors and monitoring systems able to measure substances produced by the metabolismof microorganisms living in bovine bodies and compost.
ResearchPrevious research in the medical field has demonstrated the importance of breath sensing todetect metabolic and other health disorders. When viruses and bacteria cause inflammation,
substances from their metabolism are released in the patient’s breath. Therefore, it is predicted that
inflammation of the digestive system of cattle also produces detectable substances.
Heat stress is increasing due to recent rises in temperature, and there is concern about bovine
production and milk quality in future. A member of our research team, Prof. Lance Baumgard,

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found that the walls of the rumen and small intestine have a surface structure covered with folds. As
the temperature rises, these adhere to each other and inhibit the absorption of sugars and aminoacids. Adhesion of folds in the second or third compartment of the gastrointestinal tract may also
greatly affect the activity of bacteria living there. In addition, it is considered likely that an increasein body temperature due to an increase in ambient temperature or heat stroke will also affect theactivity of microorganisms inside and outside the body of cattle. The formation of nitrogen oxidegases may also be caused by inflammation of tissues due to adhesion, meaning that heat stress could
be predicted with a system to monitor these compounds.
Similarly, various signal substances are produced during pregnancy. One research article
reported that the concentration of nitrogen oxide gas gradually increases throughout pregnancy. It isalso known that pregnancy can result in metabolic problems such as pregnancy toxemia, which is
caused by an accumulation of ketone compounds in blood that are also increased in exhaled breath.
Among the digestive organs, the stomach is particularly susceptible to stress, and its response canbe detected with an H2 gas sensor.
In this research, basic sensors such as an N2O, NO and CO2 gas sensor, a CH4 gas sensor, an H2
gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor are built in a breath gas monitoring system.
Additionally, gas sensors to measure O2, alcohols, acetone, hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, sulfide,and NO will be assembled for heat stroke or pregnancy diagnosis.
In the study on heat stroke diagnosis, Prof. Baumgard will investigate the effectiveness of
substances used to counter heat stroke by comparing metabolic state with intestinal tissue andgastric surface structures in cows with a breath gas monitoring system.
In the study on pregnancy diagnosis, Masashi Takahashi and Toshikazu Kawaguchi willcompare the signal substances related to pregnancy in bovine blood and gas products in cows’
breath. The study will be conducted using a new pregnancy diagnosis technique.
Results
This project is to be carried out from 2019 to 2022 with funding by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
Research, Japan. Some companies have expressed advance interest in this collaborative project. In
2015 and 2017, we met with members of the business section of Ushio Co. at their office to discuss
the collaboration project. Ushio Co. asked Yabegawa Electric Co. to build a sensing system for the
diagnosis of bovine heat stress. Yabegawa Electric Co. made a prototype of a breath gas sensor
system late in 2017, and the breath sensor has continuously been updated since.
For a preliminary experiment of the concept, semiconductor gas sensors were constructed for the
purpose of monitoring bovine expiratory volatile compounds (Figure A2). A CO2 gas sensor, a CH4
gas sensor, an H2 gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor were installed in a 10 cm
housing. Data transfer module equips the DAC interface (digital signal: +1.0 V) and it send data toa database at two-second intervals via a Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz) module over the internet. Data is also
stored on a Micro SD card in case the data transfer fails. The breath is suctioned with a flexible tube

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placed near the nose using a micro fan mounted in the housing and is then sent to the sensors. In thetest on a cow on a farm, a flow rate of 10 cm3 / s and a tube diameter of 4 mm was used. It was
concluded that the sampling system is capable of obtaining a sensor response corresponding toexhalation with almost no delay when used on cows on farms. For each gas component, this system
was able to measure in the concentration range of bovine breath with CO2 concentration (40,000ppm), CH4 concentration (1,000 ppm), and H2 concentration (100 ppm).
In this study, we are investigating the monitoring of metabolism-related substances forevaluation of the activity of bacteria and microorganisms in the rumen (such as methanogenic
activity). O2, alcohol, acetone, hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, sulfide, and nitrogen compounds suchas N2O and NO will also be monitored in this study. Additionally, a GPS and motion sensor forswing motion will be assembled to track the behavior of grazing animals during periods such as thegrazing and rumination period and link this data to the emissions of different volatile compounds.
A preliminary experiment indicated that communication using Wi-Fi is unsuitable for a vastranch because the range of the radio waves is limited to 50 m. Wi-Fi modules also consume a large
amount of electricity, posing the challenge that they can only be operated for about 24 hours evenwith a 10,000 mAh mobile battery. We will therefore study the development of data transfer
technology using a 920 MHz power-saving radio. A power-saving radio consumes 1/4 or less ofthat consumed by a Wi-Fi module, making it possible to perform data communication as far as 15km away (without obstructions) in vast pastures.

Figure A2. Prototyped breath gas sensor system

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Project I-B: Improvement of beef productivity and reduction of environmental footprint inbeef production
PurposeTo improve the quality of compost fertilizers and livestock production through the use ofadvanced sensors and monitoring systems able to measure substances produced by the metabolismof microorganisms living in bovine bodies and compost.
Research
Beef quality is evaluated from physical characteristics (water retention, shear strength, muscle
fiber, collagen), fat quality (fatty acid content and profile, and fat melting point), fat content, taste
components (free amino acids, nucleic acid related substances, and chemical composition), andaroma using analytical instruments. Most often, the quality of beef experienced by the diner isevaluated by sensory factors, such as tenderness, flavor, and appearance (fat distribution and color).
The tenderness of meat is thought to be determined by the quality and quantity of connective tissue
mainly composed of muscle fibers and collagen. In addition, the pH of meat does not decreasesufficiently as a result of maturation due to stress prior to slaughter, which increases toughness. The
meat quality is influenced not only by breed but also by the conditions under which the cow wasraised including nutrition, stress experienced prior to slaughter, and processing. Luciano Gonzalez
worked on the effects of genetics, nutrition, stress and disease on meat quality of beef cattle.
We are currently conducting an experiment to evaluate the metabolic activity of microorganisms
in bovine rumen by measuring the concentration of CO2, CH4, and H2 in the breath of cattle using a
prototype breath sensing system (Figure A2). The objective is to measure these volatile compounds
in a cost-effective and practical way on a large scale. This will allow monitoring and managementof nutrition, health and greenhouse emissions from ruminant production. Luciano Gonzalez iscurrently involved in several projects aiming to reduce methane emissions from ruminant
production in Australia by improving nutrition, animal management and breeding. His work has
made it possible to breed animals with improved nutritional and metabolic profiles, which havelower methane emissions, in the last few years.
Results
Prior to receiving Grants-in-Aids for Scientific Research, the collaboration was funded by acompany that plans to commercialize the system.
Hitachi Chem. Co., the University of Sydney, and Hokkaido University signed the contract of
this collaboration project in 2018. This contract describes the collaboration regarding thedevelopment of the agricultural system with new materials including sensors developed by Hitachi
Chem. Co.

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In this project, we used a prototyped breath gas sensor system developed by Yabegawa Electric
Co. in late 2017. The breath sensor has been continuously updated since then.
The concentrations of CO2, CH4, and H2 in the breath of cattle are continuously monitored using
the prototype breath sensing system in the farm of the Camden Campus of the University ofSydney. In 2018 and 2019, Prof. Kawaguchi visited the farm of Camden Campus to obtainpreliminary results and identify challenges involved in breath sensing.
Sensorgrams of breath gases were constantly obtained in intervals of one second. The signal was
slightly smaller than the expected value. Prof. Luciano Gonzalez purchased a commercial breathgas sampler and analyzer and compared the results with those obtained using the breath gas sensing
system.
At present, the effect of wind is a challenge in gas sampling. When a strong wind blows, gasconcentration is decreased, meaning that sampled gases are diluted with air. The gas sampling speed
needs to be increased to avoid the effect of wind.
Yabegawa Electric Co. and Prof. Kawaguchi are therefore in the process of developing an
ultrasonic gas sampling system. We have plans to prepare two research articles about the breath gas
sensing system based on the results from the University of Sydney.
In the next project, an AI livestock production system is being studied. Labor costs in Australia
are extremely high, and the average monthly salary of technician working on a farm is equivalent to
1.5 million yen. Australia therefore has a well-developed AI livestock production system. To date,
Prof. Luciano Gonzalez has studied the relation between metabolism and the quality of meat,
evaluating fat with an IR sensor. The gas sensing system for the metabolism of dairy cows will help
to improve the quality of meat in aged cows.
Meanwhile, Hokkaido wants to promote the mass production of livestock on a large scale, andAI livestock production technology is very useful for this goal. Some companies are interested inthis technology and are offering to provide a foundation for collaborative research on this topic.
Collaboration with companies in Hokkaido is still under discussion.

Project I-C: High-quality compost manufacturing technology
PurposeTo improve the quality of compost fertilizers and livestock production through the use ofadvanced sensors and monitoring systems able to measure substances produced by the metabolismof microorganisms living in bovine bodies and compost.

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Research
Michael Kertesz studies compost fertilizer comprising a mixture of wheat straw, poultry manure,and calcium sulfate for the cultivation of various mushrooms. CH4, CO2, CO, and butyric acid are
known to be formed as a gas phase component by fermentation under aerobic conditions, while
NH3, N2O, and N2 are generated by nitrification and denitrification reactions. However, thetemperature of the compost rises over time (Figure A3, A4). This high-temperature phase ismaintained by blowing air into the compost to maintain an aerobic atmosphere. Odorous volatile
substances such as 2-methyl isoborneol and geosmin can be produced. Many mesophilic aerobic
bacteria are not killed even in the high-temperature phase, instead turning into a dormant form,
often spores. The high-temperature phase is followed by a curing phase at a lower temperature, andthe activity of these mesophilic organisms starts again. So far, we have used the PCR method to
identify bacteria and microorganisms and discuss the theory of quantity, but we found that it ismore important to monitor activity than the number of bacteria and microorganisms for the reasonsdescribed above. Therefore, we aim to optimize compost manufacturing technology using the samedevice as the breath monitoring system that evaluates the activity of bacteria and microorganisms inthe bovine body.
However, it was also noticed that the surface of a compost pile has a greatly different
temperature and humidity compared to the inside. It is necessary to evaluate the activity of bacteria
and microorganisms at different depths in the compost. In this study, we will develop a structure tocollect gas from eight points and inject gases into the gas sensor system with a newly developed
multipoint autosampler. Preliminary experiment results show that a micro fan with a pressure of
250 Ps does not have sufficient pressure to perform gas sampling in a compost pile. An ultrasonicpump that can achieve a 2000 Ps output at a small size will therefore be developed to sample gas. In
past studies involving gas analysis of compost fertilizer, the gases were sampled from the surface ofthe pile or the headspace after the compost was put in a container. Direct measurement is a totallynew concept, and the design of the inlet for sampling gas is a challenge that needs to be addressedusing our preliminary result data.

Figure A3.

Gas sampling system for compost fertilizer

Figure A4. Thermal imageof compost

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Results
Prof. Kawaguchi visited a compost yard with Prof. Michael Kertesz in Sydney. The Australiancompost company gave us the opportunity to examine the sensing system in their compost yards.
Figure A3 shows our gas sampling system for compost fertilizer. Prof. Kashiwagi helped to design
the stick sampler to collect gas from soil. Triple fans are assembled in a sealed box.
Gas was collected from the holes at the tip of the stick by a vacuuming process using the fans
and the temperature and sampling speed of the fan exhaust were measured It was found that the
sampling speed of 3.5 ms-1 was not sufficient to collect the gas from soil: above 15 ms-1 wasneeded.
A thermal image was obtained using a thermal camera (IR camera). The surface temperature of
the compost was found to be 38 ˚C, close to the atmospheric temperature. The inner temperature,
however, was 50-60 ˚C due to the metabolism and fermentation of compost. Aerobic conditions
were controlled by blowing air from the floor. Therefore, the thermal image (Figure A4) shows
spots with low and high temperature alternately.
The Australian compost company is very interested in the results and has proposed acollaborative project with the University of Sydney and Hokkaido University. At their request, a
new thermal imaging and soil moisture sensing system has been developed (Figure A5), and will bedemonstrated in September 2019.
This technology is used in AI agriculture in Hokkaido. The Iwamizawa City government has
expressed particular interest in this technology for the purpose of producing custom-made compost.
International collaboration is expected.

Figure A5.
Newly developed
thermal imaging and soil
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Project I-D: Prevention of decomposition of vegetables after harvest
Purpose
Vegetables produce ethylene gas through metabolic reactions after harvest, and it is known that
ethylene gas causes decomposition of vegetables in storage boxes. Photo-catalysts have become afocus for decomposition of ethylene gas in recent years. Here, we propose a use of a newly
synthesized photo-catalyst to prevent decomposition of vegetables.
Research
Food loss is one of challenges that must be addressed to achieve zero hunger according to the
Sustainable Development Goals. This is caused by improper storage of food. For example, indeveloping countries where appropriate storage is not established, food is abundant after harvest but
scarce later. As you can imagine, vegetables and fruit soon decompose at the high temperatures ofmany of these countries. Vegetables decompose through metabolism, as their cells are still alive
after harvest. Of course, bacteria and yeast are also active in the vegetables. Vegetables and fruits
are generally stored at 4 ˚C to decrease metabolic activity, but power outages often occur indeveloping countries, causing the vegetables to decompose. Meanwhile, global food trading isincreasing, and foods spend a long time in transit to their export destinations. As time passes, thevegetables decompose despite remaining chilled under controlled temperatures, indicating that
decomposition is caused by the metabolism of the living cells in the vegetables. The vegetables
themselves consume the nutrients in their flesh and produce ethylene gas through the metabolism
process. Ethylene gas attacks the plasma membrane of the cells of the vegetables, turning them darkbrown and black. Nowadays, there is a focus on photo-catalysts to decompose ethylene. Hitachi Co.
sells a refrigerator modified with a photo-catalyst for food storage. However, the present photocatalyst needs UV light (light with a wavelength below 250 nm).
In this collaborative project, a photo-catalyst that can work under normal indoor lighting has
been proposed for use in food storage. In 2012, Prof. Kawaguchi developed a method to synthesize
a photo-catalyst with a “self-assembling” method. Hokkaido University obtained two patents forachievement. This collaboration will employ this photo-catalyst to solve this issue.
Results
We chose titanium dioxide as a photo-catalyst for the food storage. Titanium dioxide forms
several crystalline structures such as anatase, rutile, and amorphous. First, their photo-catalytic
activities were compared. Figure A6 demonstrates the decomposition of methylene blue undernormal indoor lighting. TiO2 was suspended in methylene blue aqueous solution, and it was noticed
that the color of the synthesized TiO2 in the test tube turned clear.
In Figure A7, a UV-Vis spectrum depicts the absorption peak of this photo-catalyst. The peak
was observed at 370 nm, the same wavelength of one of the emission peaks of a fluorescent lamp9020-100003.indd 90

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(generally used in offices). This result directly indicates that a general-purpose lamp will activate
this photo-catalyst and facilitate decomposition of ethylene gas.
Modification of the surface of food package was attempted. The microscopic image (Figure A7)
illustrates the particle-like modification that took place.
We plan to have a student at Hokkaido University examine a vegetable storage test using
packaging modified with the photo-catalyst developed in the University of Sydney from August to
November 2019.
The largest packaging company in Sydney is very interested in this collaboration project, andfunding is currently under discussion with the company.

Figure A6. Demonstration of decomposition of
methylene blue (color dye) by TiO2 under roomlight.

Figure A7.
UV-Vis spectrum of
the synthesized photo catalyst andmicroscopic image of a package
modified with the photo catalyst

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Project II: Nitrogen cycles and microbes in the environment
Carried out by a team of internationally recognized scientists, this project seeks to investigate nitrogen cycles
and microbes. Profs. Timothy Clough (Lincoln University, New Zealand) and Michael Kertesz (University ofSydney, Australia) joined GI-CoRE GSF, and have been conducting collaborative research with Associate Prof.
Yoshitaka Uchida (GI-CoRE GSF, and Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University). The teaminvestigates the microbial mechanisms of nitrogen transformation, particularly in soils and livestock waste. Excess
nitrogen is becoming an issue in agricultural systems, particularly livestock systems such as the dairy and beefindustries. Human beings often uptake nitrogen (in forms such as protein and vitamins) through animal-based diets,
but modern agricultural systems (intensive farming) use an excessive amount of nitrogen to produce high-quality
animal-based diets.

Dr. Kertesz has been studying not only the nitrogen cycle but also sulfur and phosphorus cycles
in the environment. Additionally, his research focuses on specific environments such as plant rootzones (rhizospheres) and mushroom compost. He has investigated the contribution of fungal species
in these nutrient cycles. In contrast, Dr. Clough specializes in nitrogen gas emissions from soils. He
is skilled in using stable isotopes (e.g. 15N) to investigate the sources and pathways of nitrogentransformation. Dr. Uchida focuses on the activities of soil microbes using molecular approaches.
He is interested in functional genes related to nitrogen cycles and is able to investigate diversity inmicrobes holding a specific functional gene. By collaborating, these scientists are able to investigate
the black boxes within the nitrogen cycle. Some research topics are listed below.
Drs. Kertesz and Uchida are currently investigating microbial dynamics in animal manure,particularly during composting processes. These processes are necessary to control the availabilityof nutrients, to reduce its odor and to alter its physical conditions to suit the purpose of the compost.
However, composting processes require a significant amount of money and time (for purposes such

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as the addition of supplementary nitrogen and carbon, along with mixing). Thus, we aim toinvestigate shifts in microbial community structures within livestock waste during the compostingprocesses with variable conditions. This international collaboration identified that manure
processing systems vary significantly between countries. For example, in Hokkaido, dairy farm
waste is often intensively managed: waste from different farms is centralized at a certain location(such as biogas plants), and the waste is redistributed to surrounding farms. This type of animal
waste management system is very rare in Australia, where each farm has its own waste treatment
systems (such as ponds) and nutrients are returned on each farm. Additionally, Hokkaido dairy
farmers are more interested in the use of manure compost as a physical conditioner for soils,
whereas Australian dairy farmers utilize the same materials mainly to reduce the input of chemicalfertilizers. Thus, the team will investigate the patterns of microbial community structure changes
and their relationship with compost quality, using various types of manure (cow and chicken),nitrogen (urea) and carbon additives (straw, sawdust, wood chips) under different temperature andmoisture conditions. Bacterial and fungal communities, as well as their functional genes, aretargeted in this study. At the end of this study, key microbes that are important to improve cost andlabor efficiency during composting are identified for the different purposes of the compost.
Drs. Clough and Uchida are researching the mechanisms of biological nitrous oxide (N2O)
emissions. Emissions of N2O are a very important issue because the gas is strongly related to ozone
layer depletion as well as global warming. The team is targeting the emissions from surfacedamaged soils, using a dual isotope approach (use of 15N and 18O) and molecular methods (analysesof soil DNA and RNA). In dairy farming systems, soil surfaces can sustain damage (such as photodamage) due to animals trampling the pasture surface. Dr. Clough is based in New Zealand and has
been studying the effect of animal tramping (soil compaction) on environmental risks related to thenitrogen cycle for many years (including Soil Biol Biochem 2008 by Uchida, Clough et al.), sinceanimal grazing is very common in New Zealand. In Hokkaido, grazing is not common, but somedairy farmers have begun imitating New Zealand systems with intensive grazing because of its cost
performance. Guidance is needed for Japanese farmers attempting the grazing system, because of
the environmental risks. Environmental factors specific to Hokkaido soils (such as soil freezing)must be investigated before applying New Zealand-based guidelines regarding livestock andenvironmental management concerning grazing (Uchida and Clough, Grassland Sci 2015). The
surface-damaged areas represent hotspots for nitrogen-related environmental risks, including N2Oemissions. Under these conditions, multiple N2O-producing microbial pathways can play animportant role, and these pathways can be evaluated using isotope approaches.

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Project III: Collaborative effort on utilization of enzyme-assisted kelp for production of
biofuels and health benefits
PurposeAdvanced genome-science methods will be used to identify enzymes capable of efficient andrapid hydrolysis of all polysaccharides present in abundant, renewable, and farmable Japanesebrown kelp species. Monomer sugars provided by this work will be available as substrates for
microbial fermentation into a myriad of biofuels and bioproducts useful to humankind.
Additionally, the products of this work have great potential benefits as bioactive polysaccharides
with properties beneficial for human health such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
There are tremendous opportunities and ever-increasing demands to produce energy and obtain
valuable bioproducts in clean and sustainable ways from renewable plant biomass. There are many
types of plant biomass around the world that are suitable for conversion into fuels and bioproducts
including corn stover, miscanthus, sugar cane bagasse, poplar wood, and brown kelp (Peralta-Yahya
and Keasling, Biotechnol. J., 2010). Each region of the world has some type of biomass that should
be considered.
Our current collaborative work focuses on brown kelp as an abundant, potentially farmablebiomass. Japan has the 6th largest territorial waters in its exclusive economic zone (4,470,000 km2).
These waters contain substantial amounts of brown kelp, which potentially represents a local,
renewable substrate for biorefinery operations. In practical terms, a kelp biorefinery would liberate
sugars for use as beneficial products by themselves or as substrates for microbial fermentation intoa myriad of biofuels and bioproducts useful to humankind.
Kelp contains three types of non-crystalline polysaccharides (Figure A8): laminarin, alginate,
and fucoidan. Laminarin (~20%) is a β-1,3-linked glucan with β-1,6 branch points and occasional
reducing ends capped by mannitol. Alginate (~30%) is a mixed linkage polysaccharide consisting ofvariable tracts of β-(1,4)-D-mannuronate and β-(1,4)-L-guluronate. Regions of consecutive
mannuronate are called M-blocks, while regions of consecutive guluronate are called G-blocks;
alternating regions are called MG-blocks. Most brown kelp species also contain 0.5-20% of sulfatedpolysaccharide called fucoidan (a diverse β-1,2 and/or -1,3-linked glucan), whose chemical

Figure A8. Structures of the major polysaccharides
found in brown kelp, an abundant, potentially
farmable biomass found in Japanese coastal waters.
*Fucoidan structures are representatives from threeorder of brown algae.

94composition and structure varies depending on the kelp species. Recently, fucoidan has been
considered to be a potentially beneficial bioactive polysaccharide that could function as anantioxidant or anti-inflammatory agent, or provide other beneficial properties for human health.
Unlike terrestrial biomass, kelp does not contain lignin and has a high quantity of free, readily
fermented mannitol (up to 30% in some species [Iwamoto et al., Mar. Biotechnol., 2005]). This
makes kelp an excellent and realistic biomass for studies on enzymatic hydrolysis to obtainmonomers or beneficial oligosaccharides by the simplest possible combination of enzymes without
harsh chemical extraction steps.
Study
We obtained valuable preliminary results by studying Saccharina latissimima, a brown kelp
species that is abundant along the California coast of the USA and Norway but does not containfucoidan (Scullin et al., Biores. Technol., 2015). This work showed our skills in biochemical
analysis and structural biology, which will now be applied in the new and innovative work proposed
here. In this work, we focus on Sargassum horneri (known as akamoku in Japan), an abundant
brown kelp in Japanese waters that provides an excellent, renewable source for laminarin, alginate
and fucoidan, three targets for biorefinery use to make biofuels and biochemicals as well as
bioproducts with health benefits (Figure A8).
The scientific significance of this work is that we will develop enzymatic methods to convert all
kelp polysaccharides into monomers or other desirable soluble fractions, which has not beenachieved with any brown algae before. This will be achieved using our expertise in genome-enabled
biochemistry, including discovery of enzymes by a combination of bioinformatics, gene synthesis,
protein production, enzyme characterization, and protein engineering; determination of the chemicalcomposition of brown kelp and the time course of its enzymatic conversion; and then metabolicengineering of model bacteria to maximize the potential of brown kelp as a renewable biomass forbiofuel and bioproducts.
The originality of this work arises from our recognition that brown kelp is an excellent,industrially realistic biomass for studies to improve efficiency and yield of enzymatic hydrolysis
using the simplest combination of enzymes possible, and without harsh chemical extraction steps.
Since we know the structures of all of the major polysaccharides present, our research will yield
phylogeny-based discovery of enzymes with properties best matched for synergistic reaction. By
studying different combinations of the enzymes that are identified, we expect to be able tosystematically deconstruct a wide range of brown kelp found in Japan into valuable
oligosaccharides and monomer sugars.
One important outcome of our research will be that simple, pure sugars produced from kelp by
this research will become available for conversion to biofuels and other bioproducts in biorefinery
operations, which will help to reduce the huge world-wide dependence on fossil fuels.

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Results
Using S. latissima, we have obtained 80% glucose and 20% oligosaccharides from laminarin andextensive conversion of alginate to soluble oligosaccharides when 1 µg equivalents of both GH55
laminarinase (Bianchetti and Takasuka et al., J. Biol. Chem., 2015) and PL18 alginate lyase (inpreparation) were reacted in 1.0 mL of 50 mM phosphate, pH 6.0, containing 10 mg S. latissima,for 15 minutes. This is our starting point to achieve complete hydrolysis of both laminarin andalginate (Figure A9) in a model brown kelp to form monomer sugars. Progress toward our firstresearch goal can be evaluated in relation to this benchmark.
Our first goal is to identify enzymes (and reaction conditions) with the total mass loading of 5
mg/g of biomass or less that is needed to convert the remaining 20% of laminarin oligosaccharides
to glucose and to selectively convert alginate oligosaccharides to monomers of mannuronate andguluronate. To achieve this, we will identify enzymes that hydrolyze laminaribiose (β-1,3-linkage),gentiobiose (β-1,6-linkage), and glucosyl-mannitol (linkage unknown at this point), as well as
enzymes to hydrolyze M-, G-, and M/G-blocks in alginate oligosaccharides. We will look for initial
candidates for each of these activities in existing CAZyme families. The anomeric bondarrangement in glucosyl-mannitol will be determined using NMR, with our enzyme studies focusedon hydrolyzing it into glucose and mannitol. For alginate oligosaccharide hydrolysis, we will startwith the exo-alginate lyase family (PL17; www.cazy.org) and use our established gene discovery
and characterization approaches to prepare and test candidate enzymes.

Figure A9.
Kelp hydrolysis by two enzymes, GH55 and PL18, analyzed by 2D HSQC NMR. Laminarin
and mannitol were found in the absence of two enzymes (A), and end products were analyzed (B).
Summary of the products identified from this analysis is shown in (C).

96

Our second goal will be to gain a greater understanding of the structure and reactivity of
fucoidans kelp. As the enzymes needed to complete hydrolysis of laminarin and alginates become
available as a result of the work described above, we will use them to obtain intact fucoidans from
S. horneri under mild conditions. We will provide these materials to our collaborator, Dr. Hideyuki
Kurihara from the School of Fisheries, Hokkaido University, who will test their properties relative
to fucoidans obtained from other, harsher chemical methods. These purified fucoidans will also be
an excellent substrate for identification of enzymes that can hydrolyze bonds found in them (e.g., β1,2, -1,3 and -1,4 hydrolases, sulfatases).
Our third goal is to produce engineered forms of each enzyme so that they can be recoveredfrom kelp hydrolysis solutions for reuse and thus improve process efficiency in a biorefinery
setting. We will use gene synthesis approaches to make fusions to known affinity tags (such as His
or FLAG, at either an N- or C-terminus) and test whether the modified enzymes can be recoveredfrom kelp hydrolysates at the sugar concentrations and ionic strength obtained from our enzyme
digestions. We will also determine the specific activity of enzymes after successive cycles ofreaction and recovery to define long-term stability.
Finally, we will use genome editing technology to install all of the enzymes necessary for kelphydrolysis into the genome of a model bacterium such as Escherichia coli and yeast (Atsumi et al.,Nature, 2008, Yoshikuni et al., Nature, 2006, Santos and Yoshikuni, Nat. protocol, 2014).
Funding sourceThis work has been partially funded by the JSPS KAKENHI Fund for the Promotion of Joint
International Research (15KK0269 to T.T.) and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research B (18H02011
to S.A.)97

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Project IV: Mechanisms of fungicide resistance in pathosystems and host-pathogen
interactions in grasses
Plant diseases cause serious damages to the yield and quality of crops. Chemical control such as
fungicide should be reduced in term of environmental issues. Sustainable agriculture requires
appropriate plant disease control in crops. Grasses were used in our research as the research of bothscientists (Profs. Yamada and Jung) targeted grasses for turf, forage and bioenergy. The primary
focus of our joint research and the extensive career goal are to develop the optimal disease andfungicide resistance management strategies for pathosystems by translating our understanding ofpathogen ecology, mechanisms of fungicide resistance (field and molecular diagnostic tools andnew drug discovery), and breeding and genetics of host resistance. Research falls into two areas ofstudy, which can be summarized as 1) mechanisms of fungicide resistance in grass pathosystems
using molecular and genomic approaches and 2) host-pathogen interactions in grass systems.
We obtained some available information on the control of dollar spot disease caused by
Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, one of the most common and economically important diseases in coolseason turf grass species in both the United States and Japan. Below are descriptions of joint
research activities between Hokkaido University and the University of Massachusetts so far.
1) Resistance of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa field isolates to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor
fungicides
Sclerotinia homoeocarpa isolates were collected from golf courses in Japan and the UnitedStates (2016–2017). The Japanese isolates were collected during a monitoring study and the U.S.
isolates were collected in response to field failure. Five active ingredients of succinate
dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) (boscalid, fluopyram, fluxapyroxad, isofetamid, andpenthiopyrad) were examined using in vitro sensitivity assays to determine cross-resistance.
Sequence analysis revealed a point mutation leading to an amino acid substitution (H267Y) and asilent mutation (CTT to CTC) at codon 181 in the SdhB subunit gene. Isolates with the B-H267Y(n = 10) mutation were resistant to boscalid and penthiopyrad and had increased sensitivity to
fluopyram. 181C>T isolates (n = 2) with the SdhB silent mutation were resistant to boscalid,isofetamid, and penthiopyrad. Sequence analysis revealed three mutations leading to an amino acidsubstitution (G91R, n = 5; G150R, n = 1; G159W, n = 1) in the SdhC subunit gene. Isolates
harboring the SdhC (G91R or G150R) mutations were resistant to boscalid, fluxapyroxad,
isofetamid, and penthiopyrad (Figure A10). A genetic transformation system was used to generate

Figure A10. Alignment of partially deduced amino acid sequences of SdhB from the 25 field isolates used in thisstudy. “n” indicates number of isolates. SdhB (H267Y) refers to substitution at amino acid position 267 (shaded
letter) in the SdhB gene in ten isolates from Japan and correlates with resistance to boscalid and penthiopyrad.

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mutants from a SDHI-sensitive isolate to confirm that the B-H267Y and C-G91R mutations weredirect determinants of SDHI resistance and associated with in vitro sensitivity assay results.
Popko JT, Sang H, Lee J, Yamada T, Hoshino Y, Jung G. Resistance of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa field isolates to succinate
dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides. Plant Disease, 102, 2625–2631 (2018)

2) Nucleic adaptability of heterokaryons to fungicides in the multinucleate fungus Sclerotinia
homoeocarpa
Sclerotinia homoeocarpa is the causal organism of dollar spot in turf grasses. It is amultinucleate fungus with a history of resistance to multiple fungicide classes. Heterokaryosis gives
rise to the coexistence of genetically distinct nuclei within a cell, which contributes to genotypicand phenotypic plasticity in multinucleate fungi. We demonstrate that field isolates that are resistantto either a demethylation inhibitor or methyl benzimidazole carbamate fungicide can form
heterokaryons with resistance to each fungicide and adaptability to serial combinations of different
fungicide concentrations. Field isolates and putative heterokaryons were assayed on fungicideamended media for in vitro sensitivity. Shifts in fungicide sensitivity and microsatellite genotypes
indicated that heterokaryons could adapt to changes in fungicide pressure. The presence of both
nuclei in heterokaryons was confirmed by detection of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the βtubulin gene, the presence of microsatellite alleles of both field isolates, and live-cell imaging of
two different fluorescently tagged nuclei using laser scanning confocal microscopy. Nucleic
adaptability of heterokaryons to fungicides was strongly supported by the visualization of changes
in fluorescently labeled nuclei according to fungicide pressure. Results from this study suggest thatheterokaryosis is a mechanism by which the pathogen adapts to multiple fungicide pressures in thefield.
Kessler D, Sang H, Bousquet A, Hulvey JP, Garcia D, Rhee S, Hoshino Y, Yamada T, Jung G. Nucleic adaptability of heterokaryons
to fungicides in a multinucleate fungus, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, Fungal Genetics and Biology, 115, 64–77 (2018)99

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Project V: Fisheries management measures for multi-species, multi-method fisheries in Asia
PurposeEstablishment of sustainable capture fisheries is an emergent issue all over the world, with 90
percent of the world’s fish population already more than fully exploited and 30 percent classified as
overexploited. Conventional fishery management theories and measures are developed in Westerncountries in temperate zones, based on the characteristics of fisheries in temperate zone. As such,these theories and measures assume single-species, single- gear fisheries, namely that most of thecatch from a fishing gear occupies one dominant species, and that the types of fishing gears
targeting a species are limited. In Asian countries, however, especially in tropical areas, the samegear is used to catch large numbers of species in one operation, and there are many different gears
used to catch the same species. In this situation, it is sometimes very difficult to obtain separate
catch statistics for a specific species, which makes stock assessment very difficult. Additionally, if a
specific species is depleted and requires conservation measures, such measures are quite difficult toimplement because suppression of fishing efforts with a specific fishing gear leads to depression ofcatches and income not only for the species requiring conservation but also for other commercial
species.
In this situation, it is necessary to understand the details of the multi-species, multi gear fisheries
that are used. For example, to explore possibilities for single species management, the seasonality
or geographical distribution of the species needs to be carefully analyzed, and possible measures forsuch situations should be considered.
Evaluation of ecosystem integrity is also important in situations like these because all of thespecies are sympatric, requiring consideration of interspecific relationships. Pauly et al. (1998
Science) warned of the possibility of fishing down the food web. Since fisheries tend to catch
species at higher trophic levels, fisheries activities may cause a decrease in the average trophic levelof the species in the ecosystem.
Since catch statistics, biological measurement data, and field observation opportunities areavailable in the upper Gulf of Thailand with special cooperation from the Department of Fisheries
in the Royal Thailand Government, ecosystem integrity and sustainability of fisheries will be
evaluated in this project. Analysis indicates that possible fisheries management measures for multispecies, multi-gear fisheries can be proposed.
This attempt could be an impetus to establish not only innovative yet still implementablefisheries management for tropical fisheries, but also realistic multi-species fisheries management in
temperate fishing grounds such as Japan.

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Study1. Data collection: Logbooks and biological measurement data have been collected from
Department of Fisheries. Catch amount, species composition, fishing grounds, fishing efforts forimportant species, and fishing gears can be selected from these data sources.
2. Interview survey: To collect local knowledge, an interview-based survey of stakeholders inmajor fishing gear operators (port owners, boat owners and skippers) will be conducted. Details
on the species compositions in the fishing grounds will be collected in this survey.
3. Sampling: Fish specimens will be collected to obtain fish specimens for an estimation of trophic
level by stable isotope analysis. Particular focus will be placed on minor fish species in the trashfish.
4. Fishing ground analysis: From the data obtained from stages 1 and 2, special and temporal
distribution and aggregation of the fishing grounds for important species will be specified.
5. Stable isotope analysis for trophic level estimation: The trophic level of minor species will be
estimated using stable isotope analysis of the sample obtained in stage 3. Trophic levels of themeasured species will be referred from relevant texts.
6. Design of fisheries management measures for multi-species, multi-gear fisheries: Fisheries
management measures will be designed based on the analysis in stage 4including marine
protected areas, seasonal closures, real-time closures, mesh-size enlargement, fishing effort
reduction, and catch quotas with move-on rules. Various parameters for the measures (such as
size of closed areas, duration of closure, and closed season) can be selected for further effectevaluation.
7. Evaluation of effects of fisheries management measures: The effect of the fisheries management
measures and the sensitivity of the parameters can be evaluated using a combination of
conventional operating models, management strategy evaluations, and fish movement
simulations. The effects on the average trophic level can be evaluated by using multi-species
population dynamics modelling.
8. Evaluation of fishing down the food web: Possibilities for the phenomenon of fishing down thefood web in the current fisheries will be evaluated based on the results of stage 7. Effective
fisheries management measures for conserving ecosystem integrity will also be recommended.
9. Evaluation of size composition: Possibilities for the phenomenon of downsizing in the current
fishery will be evaluated based on the results of stage 7.
10. Recommendation of fisheries management measures for multi-species, multi-gear fisheries:
Possible fisheries management measures for multi-species, multi-gear fisheries will berecommended based on the results of stages 7, 8, and 9.

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Results
1. Assessment and data collection of multi-species fisheries: The precision of biologicalmeasurements, species identification, and logbook collection have been confirmed based on
several visits to ports located in the upper Gulf of Thailand.
2. Simulation of a fisheries management measure: This focuses on the Short Mackerel(Rastrelliger brachysoma), a species measured in the upper Gulf of Thailand and the one of themost commercially important species. Season closure for this species is currently in effect. A
simulation study was conducted based on catch statistics disclosed for this species. Taking into
account multi-species fisheries, the effect is evaluated not only in terms of the conservation of
the target species but also in terms of minimizing the effects of reduction in catches of other fish
species. Procedures have been developed to find optimized fisheries management parameters.
3. Budgeting: An application has been submitted for a grant for the project supported by Japanese
government (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research :Kakenhi), but it has not been awarded at thispoint. And updated research proposal will be applied.

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Appendix II.

Research Achievement and List of Publications (FY 2015-2019)

As of May 2019

1. International collaborative
papers (peer reviewed)

2. Other publications

3. Verbal presentations

4. Patent applications

Featured in International journals:

21

Featured in International journals:

131

Books published:

10

Keynote speeches:

15

Invited lectures:

24(International 9, Japanese 15)

Other presentations:

74 (International 37, Japanese 37)

Registered patents:

1(Overseas 1, Japan 0)

Pending patents:

2(Overseas 1, Japan 1)

5. Awards received

15

6. External grants

4

7. Scientific outreach6103

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1. International collaborative papers (peer reviewed)
International collaborative papers co-authored with overseas affiliated universities.
@ Papers with GI-CoRE researchers of HU.
i) Papers where "GI-CoRE" is stated as an affiliated institution.
ii) Papers which mention "Hokkaido University" in the acknowledgements.
1.

Glasgow E.M., Vander Meulen K.A., Takasuka T.E., Bianchetti C.M., Bergeman L.F., Deutsch S., Fox B.G.
(2019) Extent and origins of functional diversity in a subfamily of glycoside hydrolases. Journal of Molecular
Biology, 431, 1217-1233. @2.

Harlyan L., Wu D., Kinashi R., Kaewnern M., Matsuishi T. (2019) Validation of a feedback harvest control rulein data-limited conditions for managing multispecies fisheries. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic
Sciences, 76(10), 1885-1893. @ i)3.

Huang J., Yu Z., Groom J., Cheng J.F., Tarver A., Yoshikuni Y., Chistoserdova L. (2019) Rare earth element
alcohol dehydrogenases widely occur among globally distributed, numerically abundant andenvironmentally important microbes. ISME J, 13, 2005-2017.

4.

Khuu T.P.D., Saito Y., Tojo N., Nguyen P.D., Nguyen T.N.H., Matsuishi T. (2019) Are consumers willing to pay
more for traceability? Evidence from an auction experiment of Vietnamese pork. International Journal of
Food and Agricultural Economics, 7, 127-140. i)

5.

Khuu T.P.D., Saito Y., Nguyen T.N.H., Tong Y. D., Matsuishi T. (2019) Pressure-State-Response of traceability
implementation in seafood-exporting countries: Evidence from Vietnamese shrimp products. Aquaculture
International, 27, 1209-1229. i)

6.

Kabiraz D. C., Morita K., Sakamoto K., Takahashi M., Kawaguchi T. (2018) Highly sensitive detection of
clenbuterol in urine sample by using surface plasmon resonance immunosensor. Talanta, 186, 521-526.

7.

Kawaguchi T., Kabiraz D.C., Morita K., Takahashi M. (2018) Surface plasmon resonance immunosensor using
secondary immunoreaction. Online Chemical Sensors, 34, A, 34-36.

8.

Kessler D., Sang H., Bousquet A., Hulvey J.P., Garcia D., Rhee S., Hoshino Y., Yamada T., Jung G. (2018)
Nucleic adaptability of heterokaryons to fungicides in a multinucleate fungus, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa.
Fungal Genetics and Biology, 115, 64-77. @9.

Popko J.T., Sang H., Lee J., Yamada T., Hoshino Y., Jung G. (2018) Resistance of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa field
isolates to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides. Plant Disease, 102, 2625-2631. @10. Schauberger B., Ben-Ari T., Makowski D., Kato T., Kato H., Ciais P. (2018) Yield trends, variability andstagnation analysis of major crops in France over more than a century. Scientific Reports, 8, article number
16865.
11. Suzuki T., Sakumoto R., Hayashi KG., Ogiso T., Kunii H., Shirozu T., Kim S.W., Bai H., Kawahara M., Kimura K.,
Takahashi M. (2018) Involvement of IFNT in the induction of apoptotic, pyroptotic and autophagic cell
death-related signaling pathways in bovine uterine endometrium during early pregnancy. Journal of
Reproduction and Development, 64, 495-502.
12. Talukder M.A.S., Balboula A.Z., Shirozu T., Kim S.W., Kunii H., Suzuki T., Ito T., Kimura K., Takahashi M. (2018)
Activation of lysosomal cathepsins in pregnant bovine leukocytes. Reproduction, 155, 515-528.
13. Kabiraz D.C., Morita K., Kawaguchi T. (2017) Kinetic study of secondary immunoreaction in indirectcompetitive inhibition immunoassay. Online Chemical Sensors, 33, A, 125-127.
14. Kabiraz D. C., Morita K., Kawaguchi T., Takahashi M. (2017) SPR biosensing for detection of beta agonist in
urine of cow. Online Chemical Sensors, 33, B, 66-68.

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15. Kabiraz D. C., Morita K., Sakamoto K., Kawaguchi T. (2017) Mechanism of surface plasmon resonancesensing by indirect competitive inhibition immunoassay using Au nanoparticle labeled antibody. Talanta,
172, 1-7.
16. Zhuykov S., Kawaguchi T. Hai Z., Albari M.K., Heynderickx P.M. (2017) Interfacial engineering of twodimensional nano-structured materials by atomic layer deposition. Applied Surface Science, 392, 231-243.
17. Book A.J., Lewin G.R., McDonald B.R., Takasuka T.E., Wendt-Pienkowski E., Doering D.T., Suh S., Raffa K.F.,
Fox B.G., Currie C.R. (2016) Evolution of high cellulolytic activity in symbiotic Streptomyces through selectionof expanded gene content and coordinated gene expression. PLoS Biology, 14, e1002475. @18. Bianchetti C.M., Takasuka T.E., Deutsch S., Udell H.S., Yik E.J., Bergeman L.F., Fox B.G. (2015) Active site andlaminarin binding in glycoside hydrolase family 55. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 290, 11819-11832. @19. Deng K., Guenther J.M., Gao J., Bowen B.P., Tran H., Reyes-Ortiz V., Cheng X., Sathitsuksanoh N., Heins R.,
Takasuka T.E., Bergeman L.F., Geertz-Hansen H., Deutsch S., Loque D., Sale K.L., Simmons B.A., Adams P.D.,
Singh A.K., Fox B.G., Northen T.R. (2015) Development of a high throughput platform for screening glycosidehydrolases based on oxime-NIMS. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 3, 153. @20. Deng K., Takasuka T.E., Bianchetti C.M., Bergeman L.F., Adams P.D., Northen T.R. Fox B.G. (2015) Use ofnanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry to deduce selectivity of reaction in glycoside hydrolases.
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 3, 165. @21. Walker J.A., Takasuka T.E., Deng K., Bianchetti C.M., Udell H.S., Prom B.M., Kim H., Adams P.D., Northen T.R.,
Fox B.G. (2015) Multifunctional cellulase catalysis targeted by fusion to different carbohydrate-binding
modules. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 8, 220. @2. Other publications
2.1 Featured in International journalsi) Papers where "GI-CoRE" is stated as an affiliated institution.
ii) Papers which mention "Hokkaido University" in the acknowledgements.

1.

Begum P., Li S., Morozumi T., Johmen M., Sone T., Kawaguchi T. (2019) Electrochemical sensing for analysis
of wine. Online Chemical Sensors, 35, A, 49-51. i)

2.

Clifton-Brown J., Harfouche A., Casler M.D., Jones H.D., Macalpine W.J., Murphy-Bokern D., Smart L.B., Adler
A., Ashman C., Awty-Carroll D., Bastien C., Bopper S., Botnari V., Brancourt-Hulmel M., Chen Z., Clark L.V.,
Cosentino S., Dalton S., Davey C., Dolstra O., Donnison I., Flavel R., Greef J., Hanley S., Hastings A., Hertzberg
M., Hsu T-W., Huang L., Iurato A., Jensen E., Jin X., Jørgensen U., Kiesel A., Kim D-S., Liu J., McCalmont J.P.,
McMahon B.G., Mos M., Robson P., Sacks E.J., Sandu A., Scalici G., Schwarz K., Scordia D., Shafiei R., Shield I.,
Slavov G., Stanton B.J., Swaminathan K., Taylor G., Torres A.F., Trindade L.M., Tschaplinski T., Tuskan J.,
Yamada T., Yu C.Y., Zalesny R-F., Zong J., Lewandowski I. (2019) Breeding progress and preparedness formass-scale deployment of perennial lignocellulosic biomass crops switchgrass, miscanthus, willow andpoplar. Global Change Biology Bioenergy, 11(1), 118-151.

3.

Dong H., Green S., Nishiwaki A., Yamada T., Stewart J.R., Deuter M., Sacks E. (2019) Winter hardiness of
Miscanthus (I): Overwintering ability and yield of new Miscanthus × giganteus genotypes in Illinois andArkansas. Global Change Biology Bioenergy, 11, 691-705.

4.

Hussey S., Grima-Pettenati J., Myburg A.A., Mizrachi E., Brady S.M., Yoshikuni Y., Deutsch S. (2019) A
standardized synthetic Eucalyptus transcription factor and promoter panel for re-engineering secondary cellwall regulation in biomass and bioenergy crops. ACS Synth Biolology, 8, 463-465.

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5.

Kato S., Wada K., Kitagawa W., Mayumi D., Ikarashi M., Sone T., Asano K., Kamagata Y. (2019) Conductiveiron oxides promote methanogenic acetate degradation by microbial communities in a high-temperature
petroleum reservoir. Microbes and Environment, 34, 95-98.

6.

Koyama K., Abe H., Kawamura S., Koseki S. (2019) Stochastic simulation for death probability of bacterial
population considering variability in individual cell inactivation time and initial number of cells. International
Journal of Food Microbiology, 290, 125-131.

7.

Mokthar G, Saito M., Ito R., Funamizu N. (2019) Combined FO and RO system for the recovery of energy
from wastewater and the desalination of seawater. Desalination and water treatment Journal, 154, 14-20. i)ii)

8.

Mokthar G, Maeda T., Ito R., Funamizu N. (2019) Engineering of size-controlled magnetic nanoparticles foruse as draw solution in forward osmosis process. Desalination and water treatment Journal, 154, 21-29. i) ii)

9.

Mouncey N.J., Otani H., Udwary D., Yoshikuni Y. (2019) New voyages to explore the natural product galaxy.
Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 46, 273-279.

10. Ohbayashi T., Futahashi R., Terashima M., Barrière Q., Lamouche F., Takeshita K., Meng X.Y., Mitani Y., Sone
T., Shigenobu S., Fukatsu T., Mergaert P., Kikuchi Y. (2019) Comparative cytology, physiology andtranscriptomics of Burkholderia insecticola in symbiosis with the bean bug Riptortus pedestris and in culture.
ISME Journal, 13, 1469-1483.
11. Olivares D.E., Kawamura S., Matsuo M., Kato M., Koseki S. (2019) Combined analysis of near-infrared
spectra, colour, and physicochemical information of brown rice to develop accurate calibration models fordetermining amylose content. Food Chemistry, 286, 297-306.
12. Terashima M., Kojima H., Ohashi K., Takasuka T.E., Fukui M. (2019) Antarctic heterotrophic bacterium
Hymenobacter nivis P3T displays light-enhanced growth and expresses putative photoactive proteins.
Environmental Microbiology Reports, 11, 227-235.
13. Wang S., Mokthar G., Ito R., Funamizu N., Johmen M., Kawaguchi T. (2019) Water quality monitoring by
utilizing planar type electrochemical chip. Online Chemical Sensors, 39, A, 10-12. i)
14. Wang W.H., Juang J.Y., Kato T., Luyssaert S. (2019) Reconstructing Taiwan's land cover changes between
1904 and 2015 from historical maps and satellite images. Scientific Reports, 9, article number 3643.
15. Watanabe T., Kojima H., Umezawa K., Hori C., Takasuka T., Kato Y., Fukui M. (2019) Genomes of neutrophilic
sulfur-oxidizing chemolithoautotrophs representing 9 proteobacterial species from 8 genera. Frontiers in
Microbiology, 10, 316.
16. Wells N.S., Clough T.J., Johnson-Beebout S.E., Elberling B., Baisden W.T. (2019) Effects of denitrification andtransport on the isotopic composition of nitrate (δ18O, δ15N) in freshwater systems. Science of the Total
Environment, 651, 2228-2234.
17. Yang L., Mokthar G., Ito R., Funamizu N., Johmen M., Kawaguchi T. (2019) Detection of heavy metals byusing electrochemical sensor chip. Online Chemical Sensors, 39, A, 55-57. i)
18. Yuan H., Zhang Z., Qin S., Zhou S., Hu C., Clough T., Wrage-Mönnig N., Luo J., Conrad R. (2019) Effects ofnitrate and water content on acetylene inhibition technique bias when analysing soil denitrification rates
under an aerobic atmosphere. Geoderma, 334, 33-36
19. Abe H., Koyama K., Kawamura S., Koseki S. (2018) Stochastic evaluation of Salmonella enterica lethality
during thermal inactivation. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 285, 129-135.
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human urine. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 4, 2510-2517.
117. Kinoshitam N., Takano S., Shimoda N., Takamure I., Sato T., Kato K. (2016) Development of genome-wide
PCR-based markers from insertion, deletion and single nucleotide polymorphisms for closely related
Japanese rice cultivars and identification of QTLs for the appearance of cooked rice and polished rice.
Breeding Science, 66, 742-752.
118. Matsuda S., Takano S., Sato M., Furukawa K., Nagasawa H., Yoshikawa S., Kasuga J., Tokuji Y., Yazaki K.,
Nakazono M., Takamure I., Kato K. (2016) Rice stomatal closure requires guard cell plasma membrane ATPbinding cassette transporter RCN1/OsABCG5. Molecular Plant, 9, 417-427.
119. Mokthar G, Fujii T., Hijikata N., Funamizu N. (2016) Salt removal from soil during rainy season of semi-arid
climate following an assumed salt accumulation from previous cultivations fertilized with urine. EuroMediterr Journal for Environmental Integration. 2016, 1-10.
120. Shirozu T., Sasaki K., Kawahara M., Yanagawa Y., Nagano M., Yamauchi N., Takahashi M. (2016) Expression
dynamics of bovine MX genes in the endometrium and placenta during early to mid pregnancy. Journal of
Reproduction and Development, 62, 29-35.
121. Sossou S.K., Gbedenu D.K., Konate D., Sawadogo B., Ameyapoh Y., Maiga A.H., Funamizu N. (2016) Damage
mechanisms of pathogenic bacteria in drinking water during chlorine and solar disinfection. International
Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 10, 519-532.
122. Sossou S.K., Sou/Dakoure M., Hijikata N., Maiga A.M., Funamizu N. (2016) Inactivation kinetics of indicator
microorganisms during solar heat treatment for sanitizing compost from composting toilet. Journal of Water
and Environment Technology, 14, 37-46.
123. Sossou S.K., Sou/Dakoure M., Konate Y., Maiga A.H., Funamizu N. (2016) Inactivation kinetics of indicator
microorganisms during urea treatment for sanitizing compost from composting toilet. Journal of Water,
Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 76, 3838-3850.
124. Takasuka T., Hori C., Ellinger J.J., Tobimatsu Y. (2016) Lignocellulose degradation by insect-symbiont
microbes. Chemistry and Biology, 54, 156-158.
125. Tsuboi J., Matsuishi T., Shibuya K., Takada Y., Aoyagi T., Tanizawa K., Ozawa R., Okazaki T. (2016) Population
estimation of Kunimasu Oncorhynchus kawamurae in Lake Saiko. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 82,884-890. i)
126. Yamauchi T., Tanaka A., Mori H., Takamure I., Kato K., Nakazono M. (2016) Ethylene-dependent aerenchyma
formation in adventitious roots is regulated differently in rice and maize. Plant. Cell and Environment, 39,2145-2157.
127. Zavala M.A.L., Arriaga B.N.F., Funamizu N. (2016) Simultaneous determination of four estrogens in compost
based on ultrasonic solvent extraction, solid-phase extraction clean-up and analysis by UHPLC-MS/MS,
American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 7, 434-445.
128. Aboelenain M., Kawahara M., Balboula A.Z., Montasser A.E., Zaabel S.M., Okuda K., Takahashi M. (2015)
Status of autophagy, lysosome activity and apoptosis during corpus luteum regression in cattle. Journal of
Reproduction and Development, 61, 229-336.
129. Sakatani M., Yamanaka K., Balboula A.Z., Takenouchi N., Takahashi M. (2015) Heat stress during in vitro

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fertilization decreases fertilization success by disrupting anti-polyspermy systems of the oocytes. Molecular
Reproduction and Development, 82, 36-47.
130. Ushijima K., Funamizu N., Nabeshima T., Hijikata N., Ito R., Sou M., Maïga A.H., Sintawardani N. (2015) The
postmodern sanitation: agro-sanitation business model as a new policy. Water Policy, 17, 283-298.
131. Yamauchi T., Shiono K., Nagano M., Fukazawa A., Takamure I., Mori K., Nishizawa N.K., Kawai-Yamada M.,
Tsutsumi N., Kato K., Nakazono M. (2015) Ethylene biosynthesis is promoted by very-long-chain fatty acids
during lysigenous aerenchyma formation in rice roots. Plant Physiology, 169, 180-193.

2.2 Books published1.

Kawamura S. et al., “Lexicon of Postharvest Engineering”, Asakura Publishing Co. Ltd., 2019. [Japanese]2.

Kobayashi K. et al., “The “Sixth industry” vertical integration of food, agriculture and rural”, Nobunkyo, 2018.
[Japanese]

3.

Matsuishi T., “Shutsudo! Iruka Kujira 110”, Kaibundo, Tokyo, 2018. [Japanese]

4.

Nabeshima T., “Dynamics of African Peasants: Historical Acculturation of Rural Community under theInternational Politics”, Akashi Shoten, 264p, 2018. [Japanese]

5.

Nabeshima T., “State Regime and Legal System”, in The Japan Society for International Development (ed.),Encyclopedia of International Development, Maruzen, 210-211, 2018. [Japanese]

6.

Kobayashi K. edit, “Outlook of agricultural cooperatives from practice of Hokkaido: Beyond the JA Reform”,
Tsukuba Shobo, 2017. [Japanese]

7.

Funamizu N., Zavala M.A.L., “Composting toilet for sustainable water management”, in Green technologies
for sustainable water management, edited by Ngo H.H., Guo W., Surampalli R.Y., Zhang T.C., published online:
July 01, 2016, American Society of Civil Engineers, 903-954, 2016.

8.

Sakashita A., Kobayashi K., Masaki S., Takahashi S., “Raison d’etre of Agricultural Cooperatives in Japan -FromExperiences in Hokkaido”, Tsukuba Shobo, 2016. [Japanese]

9.

Kato T., “Carbon cycle”, Chapter 1.2., Frontiers of Agricultural Science, Research Faculty of Agriculture,
Hokkaido University (Ed.), 6-9, 2015. [Japanese]

10. Nabeshima T., “Integrated Water Resources Management and World Water Policy”, in Funamizu N. (ed.),
Sanitation Education Program. E-learning movie uploaded in YouTube, 2015.

3. Verbal presentations
3.1 Keynote speeches
1.

Clough T.J.: Denitrification: what do we know and where to from here?. Tracing denitrification, Mar. 12-14,
2019, Giessen, Germany. [International]

2.

Sone T.: Challenges for viticulture and wine production in Hokkaido, International Conference on
Biosciences & Medical Engineering, Bali, Indonesia, Apr 11, 2019. [International]

3.

Takahashi M.: Quality evaluation of oocytes and embryos for improving the bovine production, 54th
seminar of Hokkaido branch of the society for analytical chemistry, Sapporo, Jan 12, 2019. [Domestic]

4.

Kobayashi K.: Function of JA for sustainable agriculture in rural areas -How agricultural cooperatives could
establish positive relation with advanced farms for rural development-, Annual Meeting of the Agricultural
Economics Society of Japan, Hokkaido University, March 2018. [Domestic]

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5.

Mokthar G: Future Water treatment and Sanitation systems, 3rd International Conference on Innovative
Engineering Materials (ICIEM), Sousse, Tunisia, May 2-5, 2018. [International]

6.

Mokthar G: Water reclamation and resources recovery promising technology for a resilient society,
International Symposium on Resilience in the Global Food System, Sapporo, Japan, Oct 3-4, 2018.
[International]

7.

Yamada T.: Breeding approach on forage species to establish bio-economy society, The 4th International
Grassland Agro-ecosystems Conference, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China, Sep 26,2018, [International]

8.

Yamada T.: Forage production and utilization in Hokkaido, Japan, The 7th Japan-China-Korea Grassland
Conference, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, July 8, 2018. [International]

9.

Kato T.: Data assimilation in Ecology, 2nd Riken workshop on data assimilation, RIKEN, Kobe, Japan, Sep 26,
2017. [Domestic]

10. Kato T.: Ecosystem carbon cycle and chlorophyll fluorescence, Training course of AsiaFlux Workshop 2017,
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,
China, Aug 17, 2017. [International]
11. Kobayashi K.: Agricultural cooperatives for shaping future of agriculture in Hokkaido, Annual meeting ofAgricultural Economics Society of Hokkaido, Hokkaido University, Oct 2017. [Domestic]
12. Mokthar G: Advances in Water treatment and Sanitation, Tunisia-Japan Symposium on Science, Society andTechnology, Gammart, Tunisia, Nov 24-26, 2017. [International]
13. Takahashi M.: Evaluation and regulation of intracellular cysteine protease to improve the quality andquantity of bovine in vitro embryo production, The 4th International Conference of Beef Cattle
Improvement and Industrialization in China, Northwest A&F University, Yanglin China, Nov 30, 2017.
[International]
14. Kato T.: Data assimilation in Ecology, 1st Riken workshop on data assimilation, RIKEN, Kobe, Japan, Sep 17,
2015. [Domestic]

3.2 Invited lectures
1.

Clough T.J.: N2O emissions from grazing lands. Climate change, reactive nitrogen, food security andsustainable agriculture, OECD workshop, Apr. 15-16, 2019, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. [International]

2.

Kato T.: Diagnostic on photosynthetic activity by solar-induced fluorescence. Research Center for Hightechnology Greenhouse Plant Production Advanced Technology Seminar, School of Agriculture, Ehime
University, Matsuyama, Jan. 30, 2019. [Domestic]

3.

Kato T., Kobayashi H., Sakai Y., Noda H., Nasahara K.N., Akitsu T., Ono K., Muraoka H.: Estimation of
ecosystem-level photosynthesis by solar-induced fluorescence measurement. [OS-A] Challenge for further
development of land ecosystem monitoring approach by close-remote-sensing, The Society of Agricultural
Meteorology of Japan, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Mar. 4, 2019. [Domestic]

4.

Kawamura S.: Progress of Agricultural Products in Hokkaido: Accomplishments and Issues. 59th Forum of
Frozen Food Technology, Sapporo, Japan, Feb 1, 2019. [Domestics]

5.

Yamada T.: Polymorphism of Genes Involved with Regulation of Flowering Time in Miscanthus as C4
Bioenergy Crop. Plant and Animal Genome XXVII, San Diego, CA, USA, Jan 12, 2019. [International]

6.

Kato T., et al.: Bottom-up and top-down approach investigations on solar induced fluorescence for
estimating the photosynthesis at ecosystem scale by both ground-based measurement and modeling,
American Geophysical Union 2018 Fall Meeting, E Walter Congress Center, Washington DC, USA, Dec 10,
2018. [International]

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7.

Kawamura S.: Development of Automatic Rice Quality Inspection System Using Visible and Near-infrared
Light. 34th Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Forum, Sapporo, Japan, Nov 21, 2018. [Domestic]

8.

Kawamura S.: New Postharvest Technology: Improving Rice Grain Quality, 2nd International Conference on
Agricultural Postharvest Handling and Processing, Kuta, Indonesia, Aug 29, 2018. [International]

9.

Kawamura S.: Rice Postharvest Technology to Improve Quality and Taste: Rice Grain Elevator and Milling
Factory, The 2nd International Symposium on Rice Quality, Palatability and Processing, Tianjin, China, Sep
14, 2018. [International]

10. Mokthar G.: Water Reclamation, Resources Recovery and Value Chain Sanitation led Research, Special
speech at Marmara University, Turkey, Oct 9, 2018. [International]
11. Sone T.: Research and education for wine in Hokkaido University, Innovative Food and Healthcare MASTER
symposium, Tokyo, Japan, April 16, 2018. [Domestic]
12. Takasuka T.: Novel insect symbionts cellulolytic Streptomyces potentiate plant biomass refinery,International Symposium on Biomass Refinery: From Biomass Crops to Chemicals and Fuels, Sapporo, Japan,
Feb 5-6, 2018. [Domestic]
13. Kato T.: Drone x Crop “Expectation from Agriculture, Citizen, Economics”, 8th Hokudai Cross road, Hokkaido
University Museum, Sapporo, Japan, Jan 19, 2017. [Domestic]
14. Mokthar G: Paradigm Shift in Water Treatment and Sanitation, Water Researches and Technologies
Center Borj-Cedria Technopark (CERTE) at Carthage University, Tunis, Tunisia, Nov 27, 2017. [International]
15. Mokthar G: 21st century Water and sanitation Spring, Special speech at Higher Institute of Biotechnology,
Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia, Nov 20, 2017. [International]
16. Sone T.: Chemistry and Microbiology of Wine, winter seminar for Hokkaido Branch of Japanese Society for
Analytical Chemistry, Nanporo, Japan, Jan 8, 2017. [Domestic]
17. Sone T.: For the promotion of viticulture and wine industry in Hokkaido, Symposium for Japanese society forhorticulture, Ebetsu, Japan, Sep 3, 2017. [Domestic]
18. Sone T.: Microbiological perspective of wines and vines in Hokkaido, Enology and viticulture symposium2017 in Tokachi, Obihiro, Japan, Feb 3, 2017. [Domestic]
19. Takasuka T., Ellinger J.J., Nagy S.K.: Omics and genome-enabled technology to understand phylogeneticbased enzyme functions, Joint Conference of the Societies for Environmental Microbiology, Sendai, Japan,
Aug 29-31, 2017. [Domestic]
20. Kato T.: Observation on ecosystem-level photosynthetic function by solar-induced fluorescence, 63rd
Ecological society of Japan, Sendai Convention Center, Sendai, Japan, Mar 21, 2016. [Domestic]
21. Sone T.: Microbiological approach for the development of wine industry in Hokkaido, Innovative Food and
Healthcare MASTER symposium, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Aug 20, 2016. [Domestic]
22. Sone T.: What we can do for the improvement of productivity under global warming: rice and wines, 2ndInternational Forum on Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Oct 5, 2016.
[Domestic]
23. Yamada T.: Molecular breeding of perennial biomass crops, The 9th International Symposium on Molecular
Breeding of Forage and Turf, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China, Aug 16, 2016. [International]
24. Takasuka T., Bianchetti C.M., Deng K., Bergeman L., Deutsch S., Northen T., Fox, B.G.: Phylogenetic-guided
biochemical annotation for glycoside hydrolase families, The 15th Annual Meeting of Protein Science Societyof Japan, Tokushima, Japan, Jun 24-26, 2015. [Domestic]

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3.3 Other presentations
1.

Begum P., Li S., Morozumi T., Johmen M., Sone T., Kawaguchi T.: Electrochemical sensing for analysis ofwine. 86th Conference of Electrochemical Society of Japan, Mar. 28, 2019. [Domestic]2.

Buareal K., Kato T., Ono K.: Solar‒induced chlorophyll fluorescence for detecting ecosystem photosynthetic
activity by high‒resolution spectrum measurement in a paddy field in Japan. Japan Geoscience Union
Meeting 2019, May 28, 2019, Makuhari Messe, Chiba. [Domestic]

3.

Kato T., Mizuno K.: Environmental controls on anomalous variation in solar‒induced fluorescence during
the last 10 years. Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019, May 28, 2019, Makuhari Messe, Chiba. [Domestic]

4.

Kato T., Watanabe D.: Effect of climate change on Japanese rice production during last 133 years. The 66th
Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of Japan, Mar. 18, 2019, Kobe International Convention Hall, Kobe.
[Domestic]

5.

Mokthar G., Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Continuous water quality monitoring utilizing plate-typefour-electrode electrochemical chip. Kyoto, Japan, Mar 27-29, 2019. [Domestic]

6.

Mokthar G., Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Monitoring of different kinds of heavy metal ions. The 86th
The Electrochemical Society of Japan Spring Meeting, Kyoto, Japan, Mar 27-29, 2019. [Domestic]

7.

Tagawa M., Ito R., Mokhtar G., Kawaguchi T., Johmen M.: Phosphorus recovery from food factory
wastewater by electrolytic treatment. The 53rd Annual Conference of Japan Society on Water Environment,
Mar. 7-9, 2019, Yamanashi. [Domestic]

8.

Tsubokawa Y., Ito R., Mokhtar G., Kawaguchi T., Johmen M.: Filtration performance of graphite membrane.
The 53rd Annual Conference of Japan Society on Water Environment, Mar. 7-9, 2019, Yamanashi. [Domestic]

9.

Wang S., Mokhtar G., Ito R., Funamizu N., Johmen M., Kawaguchi T.: Water quality monitoring by utilizing
planar type electrochemical chip. The 65th chemical sensor research symposium, Mar. 27-29, 2019, Kyoto.
[Domestic]

10. Wang S., Mokhtar G., Funamizu N., Johmen M., Kawaguchi T.: Water quality monitoring By utilizing planar
typed electrochemical chip. 86th Conference of Electrochemical Society of Japan, Mar. 27, 2019, Kyoto
University, Kyoto. [Domestic]
11. Yang L., Mokhtar G., Ito R., Funamizu N., Johmen M., Kawaguchi T.: Detection of heavy metals using
electro-chemical sensor chip. The 65th chemical sensor research symposium, Mar. 27-29, 2019, Kyoto.
[Domestic]
12. Yang L., Mokhtar G., Ito R., Funamizu N., Johmen M., Kawaguchi T.: Detection of heavy metals by using
electrochemical sensor chip. 86th Conference of Electrochemical Society of Japan, Mar. 27, 2019, Kyoto
University, Kyoto. [Domestic]
13. Kato T.: Detection of ecosystem-level photosynthesis by Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence in rice
paddy field. International Symposium on Biomass Refinery: From Biomass Crops to Chemicals and Fuels,
Sapporo, Japan, Feb 5, 2018. [International]
14. Kato T., et al.: Constructing the simulation model to estimate the SIF using remote sensing data. American
Geophysical Union 2018 Fall Meeting, Washington DC, USA, Dec 12, 2018. [International]
15. Kato T., et al.: Effect of a simulated typhoon disturbance on forest and carbon dynamics in a cooltemperate forest in Hokkaido by SEIB-DGVM. American Geophysical Union 2018 Fall Meeting, Washington
DC, USA, Dec 12, 2018. [International]
16. Kato T., et al.: Effect of typhoon intensity and frequency on forest dynamics and material cycle using theSpatially Explicit Individual-Based Dynamics Global Vegetation Model (SEIB-DGVM). JpGU 2018 Assembly,
Chiba, Japan, May 24, 2018. [Domestic]

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17. Kato T., et al.: The simulation model of energy partition in leaf scale to estimate GPP from SIF, JpGU 2018
Assembly, Chiba, Japan, May 24, 2018[Domestic]
18. Kato T., Mizuno K.: Relationship in anomalous changes in solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence to theenvironmental factors for last 10 years. JpGU 2018 Assembly, Chiba, Japan, May 24, 2018. [Domestic]
19. Kawamura S., et al.: Development of technology for determining rice amylose content using Near-Infrared
Spectroscopy. The 8th International Symposium on Machinery and Mechatronics for Agriculture andBiosystems Engineering (ISMAB), Jeju, Korea, May 29, 2018. [International]
20. Kawamura S., et al.: Effect of rice cultivars on accuracy for determining amylose content using near-infrared
spectroscopy. The 6th Asian NIR Symposium (ANS2018), Kunming, China, Jun 23, 2018. [International]
21. Kawamura, S., et al.: Non-destructive online real-time milk quality determination in a milking robot usingnear-infrared spectroscopic sensing system. International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 12th CIGR
(International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering) Section VI (Postharvest Technology& Bioprocess Engineering) International Symposium, Ibadan, Nigeria, Oct 23, 2018. [International]
22. Kawamura S., et al.: Practical application of near-infrared spectroscopy for determining rice amylose
content at grain elevator. International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 12th CIGR (International
Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering) Section VI (Postharvest Technology & Bioprocess
Engineering) International Symposium, Ibadan, Nigeria, Oct 23, 2018. [International]
23. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., et al.: Ammonia Diffusion through a semipermeable membrane during Forward
Osmosis Process, 6th International Dry toilet conference, Tampere, Finland, Aug 22-24, 2018 [International]
24. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., et al.: Development of PEG coated MNPs as novel Draw solution. 3rd
International Conference on Innovative Engineering Materials (ICIEM), Sousse, Tunisia, May 2-5, 2018.
[International]
25. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., et al.: Foulant analysis of FO membrane used for urine concentration, 6th Dry
Toilet Conference, Tampere, Finland, Aug 22-24, 2018. [International]
26. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., et al.: Soil fertilization with human urine and salinization risks, The IWA Regional
Conference on Water Reuse and Salinity Management (IWARESA), Murcia, Spain, Jun 11-15, 2018.
[International]
27. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Disinfection technology of environmental water byphotocatalytic reaction using titanium oxide. 26th Sanitary Engineering Symposium, Sapporo, Japan, Nov 89, 2018. [Domestic]
28. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Electrochemical detection of heavy metals in environmental
water. 26th Sanitary Engineering Symposium, Sapporo, Japan, Nov 8-9, 2018. [Domestic]
29. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Evaluation of Alginate Modified Graphite Composite
Electrode. Symposium of Electrochemical Society of Japan, Katsushika, Japan, Mar 9, 2018. [Domestic]
30. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Evaluation of heavy metal adsorption performance using
composite electrode of alginic acid and graphene. Winter Study Conference of Chemical Association
Hokkaido branch, Sapporo, Japan, Jan 16, 2018. [Domestic]
31. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Heavy metal removal technique using α-amylose. 26th
Sanitary Engineering Symposium, Sapporo, Japan, Nov 8-9, 2018. [Domestic]
32. Mohktar G., Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Heavy metal removal using amylose graphene composite
electrode. The Electrochemical Society of Japan fall meeting, Kanazawa, Japan, Sep 25-26, 2018. [Domestic]
33. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Maintenance free pH monitoring system, 26th SanitaryEngineering Symposium, Sapporo, Japan, Nov 8-9, 2018. [Domestic]

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34. Nabeshima T.: African civil society in contradiction to the nation state. the Round Table “Issues of Political
Science in Development: The Focus of Governance and Development Politics II”, The Japan Society forInternational Development, University of the Sacred Heart, Tokyo, Japan, June 2, 2018. [Domestic]
35. Nabeshima T.: Let’s try to think what we can do in the field of developing countries!, Lectures to highschool students of Seishi High School, Sapporo, Japan, May 23, 2018. [Domestic]
36. Nabeshima T.: Observation from social science about SATREPS Project in Burkina Faso. Forum “Current
State and Challenges of Sanitation Research in Sub-Saharan Africa” of Japan Association for African Studies,
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, May 27, 2018. [Domestic]
37. Sone T., et al.: Analysis of fungal flora in vineyard soils in Hokkaido. Annual meeting for American Society
for Enology and Viticulture Japan Chapter, Kyoto, Japan, Nov 17, 2018. [Domestic]
38. Sone T., et al.: Research on microbial endophytes isolated from wine grapes in Hokkaido. Annual meetingfor American Society for Enology and Viticulture Japan Chapter, Kyoto, Japan, Nov 17, 2018. [Domestic]
39. Takahashi M., et al.: Effect of IFNτ on lysosomal functions in bovine leukocytes during early pregnancy,
124th Annual meeting of Japanese Society of Animal Science, Tokyo, Japan, Mar 28, 2018. [Domestic]
40. Takahashi M., et al.: Elucidation of lysosomal cathepsin in bovine blood leukocytes during early pregnancy.
1st International Conference on Challenges for Future Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, Jan 27, 2018.
[International]
41. Kato T., et al.,: Analysis of the relationship between the GPP and SIF from remote sensing data using
theoretical model. JpGU 2018 Assembly, Chiba, Japan, May 25, 2017. [Domestic]
42. Kato T., et al.: Directional partitioning of vertical Solar-Induced Fluorescence emissions for estimating
ecosystem photosynthesis in a deciduous broad-leaf forest in Japan. Joint conference of AsiaFlux Workshop
2017 and the 15th Anniversary Celebration of ChinaFLUX, Beijing, China, Aug 18, 2017. [International]
43. Kato T., et al.: Effect of typhoon disturbance on the forest dynamics and material cycles estimated by SEIBDGVM based on scenario simulation. Japanese Society of Agricultural Meteorology Hokkaido Branch,
Sapporo, Japan, Dec 6, 2017. [Domestic]
44. Kato T., et al.: Estimation of GPP with SIF based on flux tower measurement data using a theoretical model.
Potsdam Greenhouse Gas Workshop from Photosystems to Ecosystems, Potsdam Institute for Climatology,
Potsdam, Germany, Oct 25, 2017. [International]
45. Kato T., et al.: Ground network of SIF based on eddy flux and spectral measurement tower in Japan.
Potsdam Greenhouse Gas Workshop from Photosystems to Ecosystems, Potsdam Institute for Climatology,
Potsdam, Germany, Oct 25, 2017. [International]
46. Kato T., et al.: Predicting the protein of winter wheat using hyper-spectral images, International Symposium
on Agricultural Meteorology, Aomori, Japan, Mar 18, 2017. [International]
47. Kato T., et al.: Simulation of the forest dynamics and material cycle after typhoon disturbance using theSpatially Explicit Individual-Based Dynamics Global Vegetation Model (SEIB-DGVM). JpGU 2018 Assembly,
Makuhari, Chiba, Japan, May 25, 2017. [Domestic]
48. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., et al.: Assessment of different irrigational practices on managing the nitrogenloss into the groundwater using HYDRUS 1D software: Gaza Strip as a case study -Palestine. First EuroMediterranean Conference for Environmental Integration, Tunisia, Nov 22-25, 2017. [International]
49. Mokthar G., Funamizu N. et al.: Design of a forward osmosis unit for urine concentration and nutrient
recovery, The 6th Maghreb Conference on Desalination and Water Treatment (CMTDE), Hammamet, Tunisia,
Dec 17-20, 2017. [International]
50. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., et al.: Engineering of size-controlled magnetic nanoparticles for use as draw
solution in forward osmosis Process. The 6th Maghreb Conference on Desalination and Water Treatment,
Hammamet, Tunisia, Dec 17-20, 2017. [International]

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51. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., et al.: Novel Draw solution for urine concentration by FO process. Tunisia-Japan
Symposium on Science, Society and Technology, Gammart, Tunisia, Nov 24-26, 2017. [International]
52. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., et al.: Organic matter recovery from wastewater using brine from reverse
osmosis as draw solution. The 6th Maghreb Conference on Desalination and Water Treatment, Hammamet,
Tunisia, Dec 17-20, 2017. [International]
53. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., et al.: Synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles for urine concentration applications
using forward osmosis process. Water and Environment Technology Conference, Sapporo, Japan, July 2223, 2017. [International]
54. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Environmental water remediation using electrochemical
method. 25th Sanitary engineering symposium, Sapporo, Japan, Nov 10, 2017. [Domestic]
55. Mokthar G, Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Production process of hypochlorite by two-way
electrocatalyst. Winter Conference of the Hokkaido Branch of the Chemical Society of Japan, Sapporo,
Japan, Jan 17, 2017. [Domestic]
56. Mokthar G., Kawaguchi t., Funamizu N., et al.: Morphological, chemical and Electrochemical carbon based
and novel metal electrode characterization for use in water electrochemical disinfection. First EuroMediterranean Conference for Environmental Integration, Sousse, Tunisia, Nov 22-25, 2017. [International]
57. Nabeshima T.: Comparative study of peasants’ organization between Indonesia and African countries:
learning from Clifford Geertz’s theory. Agriculture Involution, International Symposium on Green Technology
for Value Chains 2016, Tangerang, Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, Oct 23, 2017. [International]
58. Takahashi M., et al.: Novel genes expressed by embryo-derived interferon tau in bovine external
reproductive organs. 123th Annual meeting of Japanese Society of Animal Science, Nagano, Japan, Sep 6,
2017. [Domestic]
59. Takamure I., et al.: Genetic analysis of the mutant, 535, which has zebra chlorosis, tillering dwarf andgametophyte genes in rice. 16th International Symposium on Rice Functional Genomics, Suwon, Korea, Sep
25-28, 2017. [International]
60. Kato T., et al.: An Integrative Observing and Modeling Approach for the Physiological Understanding of SunInduced Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Japan. American Geophysical Union 2016 Fall Meeting, Moscone
Center, San Francisco, USA, Dec 16, 2016. [International]
61. Kato T.: Detection of ecosystem-level photosynthesis by Sun-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence in rice
paddy field. International Conference on Agricultural Biodiversity and Sustainability 2016, Hokkaido
University, Sapporo, Japan, Aug 22, 2016. [International]
62. Kato T., et al.: Detection of upward and downward Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence emissions at theforest floor in a cool-temperate deciduous broadleaf forest in Japan. American Geophysical Union 2016 Fall
Meeting, Moscone Center, San Francisco, USA, Dec 16, 2016. [International]
63. Kato T., et al.: Ground-based network of Long-term measurement of Sun-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence,
12th International Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Measurements from Space, Kyoto University, Kyoto,
Japan, Jun 8, 2016. [International]
64. Kato T., et al.: Seasonal changes in the photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll fluorescence in canopy
leaves of Quercus crispula in a cool-temperate forest. American Geophysical Union 2016 Fall Meeting,
Moscone Center, San Francisco, USA, Dec 16, 2016. [International]
65. Kato T.: Sun-induced fluorescence measurement for realtime detecting of ecosystem-scale photosynthesis
in crop field. 2nd International Forum on Global Food Resources: New Models for Research, Education and
Human Resource Development, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Oct 6, 2016. [International]
66. Mokthar G., Funamizu N.: Bacterial Endotoxin in Reclaimed Wastewater. 2nd International Forum on
Global Food Resources: New Models for Research, Education and Human Resource Development, Hokkaido
University, Sapporo, Japan, Oct 5, 2016. [International]

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67. Mokthar G., Funamizu N., Kawaguchi T., et al.: Development of sterilization technique using
electrochemical technique. The 24th Symposium on Sanitary Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo,
Japan, Nov 15, 2016. [Domestic]
68. Takako Nabeshima: Historical Acculturation of Rural Community: Why does a political scientist deal with
African peasants? 2nd International Forum on Global Food Resources: New Models for Research, Educationand Human Resource Development, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Oct 5, 2016. [International]
69. Nabeshima T.: Decision Making of Green Policy in African State and Rural Community, International
Symposium on Green Technology for Value Chains 2016, Tangerang, Indonesia, Oct 4, 2016. [International]
70. Nabeshima T.: Dual Decision Making between State Administration and Rural Community: Political Historyof Conflict and Integration over Water and Sanitation. 53th Conference of Japan Association for African
Studies, Nippon University, Fujisawa, Japan, Jun 4, 2016. (in Japanese) [Domestic]
71. Kato T., et al.: Estimation of gross primary production and light use efficiency by the tower-based suninduced fluorescence measurement in the Japanese evergreen coniferous forest. 2015 American
Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, Moscone Center, San Francisco, USA, Dec 17, 2015. [International]
72. Kato T., et al.: Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence reveals strong representation of photosynthesis at
ecosystem level in rice paddy field in Japan. 2015 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, Moscone
Center, San Francisco, USA, Dec 15, 2015. [International]
73. Nabeshima T.: How can we confront the mistakable history of African countries? Lectures in Hamanasu
Probus Club of Sapporo East Rotary Club, Sapporo, Japan, Nov 17, 2015. [Domestic]
74. Nabeshima T.: Issue and reformation of Integrated Water Resource Management for the African peasants.
5th Zambia Water Forum and Exhibition, Lusaka, Zambia, Nov 3, 2015. [International]

4. Patent applications
1.

Tokkyo (Patent): 2017-16839. Method for pregnancy detection in ruminant animals. Hokkaido University,
Masashi Takahashi, HIroki Kunii, Tsukino Ito, Manabu Kawahara, Hanako Bai, Toshiyuki Suzuki.

2.

Tokugan (Patent Application): 2015-167581. Chlorophyll fluorescence measuring device. Aug 27, 2015.
National University Corporation Hokkaido University, Tomomichi Kato.

3.

Kokusai Tokkyo (Patent Cooperation Treaty): PCT/JP2016/073845. Chlorophyll fluorescence measuring
device. Aug 15, 2016. National University Corporation Hokkaido University, Tomomichi Kato.

5. Awards
1.

Kawaguchi T.: Certificate of Excellence in Reviewing (Elsevier), Feb 23, 2019.

2.

Kawamura S.: Improvement of Eating Quality of Hokkaido Grown Rice by Postharvest Technology, The
Heisei 30th Award of Science and Technology by Hokkaido Governor, Feb 14, 2019.

3.

Funamizu N.: Most Outstanding Contributor to Hokkaido (International cooperation), Aug 4, 2018.

4.

Kawaguchi T.: Analytical Chemistry Award, Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry, Jan 17, 2018.

5.

Kawaguchi T.: Certificate of Outstanding Contribution, Elsevier Proteins and Proteomics, Apr 20, 2018.

6.

Kawamura S.: Studies on Postharvest Technology of Rice, Award for Distinguished Research Achievement
by Japanese Society of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Engineering and Scientists, Sep 19, 2018.

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7.

Kimura T., Takahashi T., Masumo H., Saito K., Sone T.: Outstanding oral presentation award, Annual
meeting for American Society for Enology and Viticulture Japan Chapter, Kyoto, Japan, Nov 17, 2018.

8.

Kobayashi K.: JA Research Award, Central Union of Agricultural Cooperatives, Dec 2018.

9.

Mokthar G.: Appreciation Award, 3rd International Conference on Innovative Engineering Materials,
Sousse, Tunisia, May 2-5, 2018.

10. Mokthar G.: Springer Best Paper Award, 3rd International Conference on Innovative Engineering Materials,
Sousse, Tunisia, May 2-5, 2018.
11. Kato T.: Development of Realtime monitoring camera on solar-induced fluorescence for photosynthetic
function in field, Konica Minolta Imaging Science Encouragement Award, Feb 2017.
12. Mokthar G.: Best Poster Award, The 6th Maghreb Conference on Desalination and Water Treatment(CMTDE), Hammamet, Tunisia, Dec 17-20, 2017.
13. Mokthar G., Yajima K., Kawaguchi T., Ito R., Funamizu N.: Best paper award, First Euro-Mediterranean
Conference for Environmental Integration, Sousse, Tunisia, Nov 22-25, 2017.
14. Kawaguchi T.: Certificate of Outstanding Contribution, Elsevier Talanta, Nov 22, 2016.
15. Kawaguchi T.: Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Award, Commendation forInvention, Oct 13, 2016.

6. External grants
1.

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), “Development ofconsolidated bioprocessing of macro algae biomass to produce bioproducts”, 2018-2022, Atsumi S. (PI),
Takasuka T. (co-PI), Hori C. (co-PI).

2.

Japan Racing Association, grands for promotion of livestock industries, “Reseeding to grasslands in theeastern Hokkaido”, 2018-2020, Yamada T. (PI).

3.

Department of Energy (DOE) USA, Plant Feedstock Genomics for Bioenergy, funded grant by E.J. Sack (PI),“Introgression of novel disease resistance genes from Miscanthus into energycane”, 2017-2020, Yamada T.
(co-PI).

4.

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research (B), “Development ofdrought tolerant energy crops based on field survey in the North American drought zone”, 2017-2019,
Yamada T. (PI).

7. Scientific outreach
1.

International Symposium on Biomass Refinery: From Biomass Crops to Chemicals and Fuels. Feb 5-6, 2018.
Venue: Suzuki Akira Hall, Frontier Research in Applied Science Building, Hokkaido University.

2.

International Symposium on Resilience in the Global Food System. Oct 3-4, 2018. Venue: Suzuki Akira Hall,
Frontier Research in Applied Science Building, Hokkaido University.

3.

Joint seminar between Hokkaido University and the Research Institute for Humanity and Nature:
Rediscovering Agriculture: Insights from fields around the world. Aug 4, 2017. Venue: Room F319, Food
Resources Research Building, Hokkaido University.

4.

Public talk for Sustainability Week 2017: Learning about Sustainability in Agriculture from Long-standing
Farming Methods in Japan and the USA. Aug 8, 2017. Venue: Small Lecture Hall, Hokkaido University
Conference Hall.

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5.

Special lecture on agriculture and global food resources: A Call for Young People to Become Global
Personnel. Jun 27, 2017. Venue: Room 111, Institute for International Collaboration Building, Hokkaido
University.

6.

Special lecture on agriculture and global food resources: Integrated Management of Water Resources andReuse of Wastewater. Nov 7, 2017. Venue: Grand Lecture Hall, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University.

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Appendix Ⅲ. Research Achievement and List of Publications (FY 2019)

As of March 2020

1. International collaborative
papers (peer reviewed)

2. Other publications

3. Verbal presentations

4. Patent applications

Featured in International journals:

48

Featured in International journals:

16

Books published:

1

Keynote speeches:

9

Invited lectures:

1(International 1, Japanese 0)

Other presentations:

23 (International 10, Japanese 13)

Registered patents:

0(Overseas 0, Japan 0)

Pending patents:

1(Overseas 0, Japan 1)

5. Awards received

4

6. External grants

3

7. Scientific outreach0124

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1. International collaborative papers (peer reviewed)
International collaborative papers co-authored with overseas affiliated universities.
International collaborative papers co-authored with overseas affiliated universities.
@ Papers with GI-CoRE researchers of HU.
i) Papers where "GI-CoRE" is stated as an affiliated institution.
ii) Papers which mention "Hokkaido University" in the acknowledgements.
1.

Cao M., Fatma Z., Song X., Hsieh P.H., Tran V.G., Lyon W.L., Sayadi M., Shao Z., Yoshikuni Y., Zhao H. (2020) A
genetic toolbox for metabolic engineering of Issatchenkia orientalis. Metabolic Engineering, 59, 87-97.

2.

Doud D.F.R., Bowers R.M., Schulz F., De Raad M., Deng K., Tarver A., Glasgow E., Vander Meulen K., Fox B.,
Deutsch S., Yoshikuni Y., Northen T., Hedlund B.P., Singer S.W., Ivanova N., Woyke T. (2020) Function-driven
single-cell genomics uncovers cellulose-degrading bacteria from the rare biosphere. ISME J., 14, 659-675.

3.

Estifanos T.K., Polyakov M., Pandit R., Hailu A., Burton M. (2020) Managing conflicts between local land use
and the protection of the Ethiopian wolf: Residents’ preferences for conservation program design features.
Ecological Economics, 169, 106511.

4.

Estifanos T.K., Polyakov M., Pandit R., Hailu A., Burton M. (2020) The impact of protected areas on the rural
households’ incomes in Ethiopia. Land Use Policy, 91, 104349.

5.

Gardiner C.A., Clough T.J., Cameron K.C., Di H.J., Edwards G.R. (2020) Ruminant urine patch nitrification and
N2O flux: effects of urine aucubin rate in a laboratory trial. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 63(1),65-72.

6.

Hori C., Song R., Matsumoto K., Matsumoto R., Minkoff B.B., Oita S., Hara H., Takasuka T.E. (2020) Proteomic
characterization of lignocellulolytic enzymes secreted by the insect-associated fungus, Daldinia decipiens
oita, isolated from the forest in northern Japan. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 86(8), e02350-19.
i)

7.

Ke J., Yoshikuni Y. (2020) Multi-chassis engineering for heterologous production of microbial natural products.
Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 62, 88-97. @ i)8.

Kuroda M,Miki N, Matsuishi T.F. (2020) Clicks sound frequency characteristics determinants of small toothed
whales — recent advances in anatomical information  Biological Reviews in press
doi.org/10.1111/mam.12212 i)

9.

Li J., Balboula A.Z., Aboelenain M., Fujii T., Moriyasu S., Bai H., Kawahara M., Takahashi M. (2020) Effect of
autophagy induction and cathepsin B inhibition on developmental competence of poor quality bovine oocytes.
Journal of Reproduction and Development, 66(1), 83-91.

10. Li J., Maeji M., Balboula A.Z., Aboelenain M., Fujii T., Moriyasu S., Bai H., Kawahara M., Takahashi M. (2020)
Dynamic status of lysosomal cathepsin in bovine oocytes and preimplantation embryos. Journal of
Reproduction and Development, 66(1), 9-17.
11. Rakatama A., Pandit R. (2020) Reviewing social forestry schemes in Indonesia: Opportunities and challenges.
Forest Policy and Economics, 111, 102052.
12. Rakatama, A., Pandit, R., Iftekhar, S., Ma, C. (2020). Policy forum: Improving the acceptability of REDD+
projects among local households in Indonesia. Forest Policy and Economics, 116.
doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2020.102172
13. Chamindu Deepagoda T., Jayarathne J., Clough T.J., Thomas S., Elberling B. (2019) Soil-gas diffusivity and soilmoisture effects on N2O emissions from intact pasture soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 83, 10321043.

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14. Chamindu D.T.K.K., Clough T.J., Thomas S.M., Balaine N., Elberling B. (2019) Density effects on soil-water
characteristics, soil-gas diffusivity, and emissions of N2O and N2 from a re-packed pasture soil. Soil Science
Society of America Journal, 83, 118-125.
15. Chen Y.Y., Huang W., Wang W.H., Juang J.Y., Kato T., Luyssaert S. (2019) Reconstructing Taiwan's land coverchanges between 1904 and 2015 from historical maps and satellite images. Scientific Reports, 9, article
number 3643.
16. Ciganda V.S., López-Aizpún M., Repullo M.A., Wu D., Terra J.A., Elustondo D., Clough T., Cardenas L.M. (2019)
Soil nitrous oxide emissions from grassland: Potential inhibitor effect of hippuric acid. Journal of Plant
Nutrition and Soil Science, 182, 40-47.
17. Clark L.V., Dwiyanti M.S., Anzoua K.G., Brummer J.E., Ghimire B.K., Głowacka K., Hall M., Heo K., Jin X., Lipka
A.E., Peng J., Yamada T., Yoo J.H., Yu C.Y., Zhao H., Long S.P., Sacks E.J. (2019) Biomass yield in a geneticallydiverse Miscanthus sinensis germplasm panel evaluated at five locations revealed individuals with exceptional
potential. Global Change Biology Bioenergy, 11(10), 1125-1145.
18. Clark L.V., Dwiyanti M.S., Anzoua K.G., Brummer J.E., Ghimire B.K., Głowacka K., Hall M., Heo K., Jin X., Lipka
A.E., Peng J., Yamada T., Yoo J.H., Yu C.Y., Zhao H., Long S.P., Sacks E.J. (2019) Genome-wide association andgenomic prediction for biomass yield in a genetically diverse Miscanthus sinensis germplasm panel
phenotyped at five locations in Asia and North America. Global Change Biology Bioenergy, 11(8), 988-1007.
19. Clifton-Brown J., Harfouche A., Casler M.D., Jones H.D., Macalpine W.J., Murphy-Bokern D., Smart L.B., Adler
A., Ashman C., Awty-Carroll D., Bastien C., Bopper S., Botnari V., Brancourt- Hulmel M., Chen Z., Clark L.V.,
Cosentino S., Dalton S., Davey C., Dolstra O., Donnison I., Flavel R., Greef J., Hanley S., Hastings A., Hertzberg
M., Hsu T-W., Huang L.S., Iurato A., Jensen E., Jin X., Jørgensen U., Kiesel A., Kim D-S., Liu J., McCalmont J.P.,
McMahon B.G., Mos M., Robson P., Sacks E.J., Sandu A., Scalici G., Schwarz K., Scordia D., Shafiei R., Shield I.,
Slavov G., Stanton B.J., Swaminathan K., Taylor G., Torres A.F., Trindade L.M., Tschaplinski T., Tuskan J., YamadaT., Yu C.Y., Zalesny Jr R.F., Zong J., Lewandowski I. (2019) Breeding progress and preparedness for mass-scale
deployment of perennial lignocellulosic biomass crops switchgrass, miscanthus, willow and poplar. Global
Change Biology Bioenergy, 11(1), 118–151.
20. Dong H., Clark L., Lipka A., Brummer J., Głowacka K., Hall M., Heo K., Jin X., Peng J., Yamada T., Ghimire B.,
Yoo J.H., Yu C.Y., Zhao H., Long S., Sacks E. (2019) Winter hardiness of Miscanthus (III): Genome-wide
association and genomic prediction for overwintering ability in Miscanthus sinensis. Global Change Biology
Bioenergy, 11(8), 930-955.
21. Estifanos T.K., Polyakov M., Pandit R., Hailu A., Burton M. (2019) What are tourists willing to pay for securing
the survival of a flagship species? The case of protection of the Ethiopian wolf. Tourism Economics,
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354816619880430
22. Fitrani M., Wudtisin I., Kaewnern M., Susanto R.H. (2019) Pond soil characteristic in reclaimed tidal lowlands
and its correlation with the water quality for aquaculture. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science,
236, 012021.
23. Harlyan L.I., Wu D., Kinashi R., Kaewnern M., Matsuishi T. (2019) Validation of a feedback harvest control
rule in data-limited conditions for managing multispecies fisheries. Canadian Journal of Fisheries andAquatic Sciences, 76(10), 1885-1893. @) i)
24. Is-haak J., Kaewnern M., Yoonpundh R., Taparhudee W. (2019) Oxygen consumption rates of hybrid Red Tilapia
at different sizes during challenge to water velocity. Journal of Fisheries and Environment, 43(2), 57-65.
25. Kar S., Zhang N., Nakashima T., Villanueva-Morales A., Stewart J.R., Sacks E.J., Terajima Y., Yamada T. (2019)
Saccharum × Miscanthus intergeneric hybrids (miscanes) exhibit greater chilling tolerance of C4
photosynthesis and postchilling recovery than sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids). Global Change Biology
Bioenergy, 11 (11), 1318-1333.
26. Kar S., Weng T-Y., Nakashima T., Villanueva-Morales A., Stewart J.R., Sacks E.J., Terajima Y., Yamada T. (2019)
Field performance of Saccharum × Miscanthus intergeneric hybrids (Miscanes) under cool climatic

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conditions of northern Japan. BioEnergy Research, 13, 132-146.
27. Kawaguchi T., Takahashi M., Gonzalez L.A. (2019) Prospect of Gas Biosensor. Austin J Biosens. Bioelectron,
2019; 5(1), 1033. @ i)
28. Langley S., Eng T., Wan K.H., Herbert R.A., Klein A.P., Yoshikuni Y., Tringe S.G., Brown J.B., Celniker S.E.,
Mortimer J.C., Mukhopadhyay A. (2019) Complete genome sequence of Agrobacterium sp. strain 33MFTa1.1,
isolated from Thlaspi arvense roots. Microbiology Resource Announcements, 8, e00432-19.
29. Li S., Kawaguchi T., Takahashi M., Gonzalez L.A. (2019) Kinetic Analysis of Biosensor, Austin J. Biosens
Bioelectron. 2019; 5(1): 1035. @ i)
30. Liu T., Qin S., Pang Y., Yao J., Zhao X., Clough T., Wrage-Mönnig N., Zhou S. (2019) Rice root Fe plaque enhances
paddy soil N2O emissions via Fe(II) oxidation-coupled denitrification. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 139,
107610.
31. Lopez Z.M.A., Gonzalez P.O.I., Ruelas H.C., Mena C.D., Mokthar G. (2019) Use of cyclic voltammetry todescribe the electrochemical behavior of a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell. Energies, 12(18): 3532. i)
32. Olatoye O.M., Clark L.V., Wang J., Yang X., Yamada T., Sacks E.J., Lipka A.E. (2019) Evaluation of genomic
selection and marker assisted selection in Miscanthus and energycane. Molecular Breeding, 39, 171.
33. Pandit R., Parrotta J.A., Chaudhary A.K., Karlen D.L., Vieira D.L.M., Anker Y., Ntshotsho P. (2019) A framework
to evaluate land degradation and restoration responses for improved planning and decision-making.
Ecosystems and People, 16(1), 1-18.
34. Parvin B., Kawaguchi T., Gonzalez L.A. (2019) Development of gas monitoring system for cow, Online Chemical
Sensors, 35, B, 46-48. @ i)
35. Peaucelle M., Bacour C., Ciais P., Vuichard N., Kuppel S., Peñuelas J., Marchesini B.L., Blanken P.D., BuchmannN., Chen J., Delpierre N., Desai A.R., Dufrene E., Gianelle D., Gimeno-Colera C., Gruening C., Helfter C.,
Hörtnagl L., Ibrom A., Joffre R., Kato T., Kolb T.E., Law B., Lindroth A., Mammarella I., Merbold L., Minerbi S.,
Montagnani L., Šigut L., Sutton M., Varlagin A., Vesala T., Wohlfahrt G., Wolf S., Yakir D., Viovy N.
(2019) Covariations between plant functional traits emerge from constraining parameterization of aterrestrial biosphere model. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 28, 1351-1365. i)
36. Qin S., Yu L., Yang Z., Li M., Clough T., Wrage-Mönnig N., Hu C., Liu B., Chen S., Zhou S. (2019) Electrodes
donate electrons for nitrate reduction in a soil matrix via DNRA and denitrification. Environmental Science andTechnology, 53(4), 2002-2012.
37. Rayner S., Clough T.J., Baisden T., Moir J. (2019) Can ruminant urine-N rate and plants affect nitrate leaching
and its isotopic composition?. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 63(1), 87-105.
38. Rex D., Clough T.J., Richards K.G., Condron L.M., de Klein C.A.M., Morales S.E., Lanigan G.J. (2019) Impact ofnitrogen compounds on fungal and bacterial contributions to codenitrification in a pasture soil. Scientific
Reports, 9, article number 13371.
39. Rissmann C.W.F., Pearson L.K., Beyer M., Couldrey M.A., Lindsay J.L., Martin A.P., Baisden W.T., Clough T.J.,
Horton T.W., Webster-Brown J.G. (2019) A hydrochemically guided landscape classification system formodelling spatial variation in multiple water quality indices: Process-attribute mapping. Science of the Total
Environment, 672, 815-833.
40. Schwartz C., Cheng J.F., Evans R., Schwartz C.A., Wagner J.M., Anglin S., Beitz A., Pan W., Lonardi S., Blenner
M., Alper H.S., Yoshikuni Y., Wheeldon I. (2019) Validating genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 function improves
screening in the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. Metabolic Engineering, 55, 102-110.
41. Shulse C.N., Chovatia M., Agosto C., Wang G., Hamilton M., Deutsch S., Yoshikuni Y., Blow M.J. (2019)
Engineered root bacteria release plant-available phosphate from phytate. Applied and Environmental
Microbiology, 85(18), e01210-19.

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42. Stoffel G.M.M., Saez D.A., DeMirci H., Vögeli B., Rao Y., Zarzycki J., Yoshikuni Y., Wakatsuki S., VöhringerMartinez E., Erb T.J. (2019) Four amino acids define the CO 2 binding pocket of enoyl-CoA
carboxylases/reductases. PNAS, 116(28), 13964-13969.
43. Taghizadeh-Toosi A., Elsgaard L., Clough T.J., Labouriau R., Ernstsen V., Petersen S.O. (2019) Regulation of N2Oemissions from acid organic soil drained for agriculture. Biogeosciences, 16, 4555-4575.
44. Thomas S.M., Fraser P.M., Hu W., Clough T.J., van der Klei G., Wilson S., Tregurtha R., Baird D. (2019) Tillage,
compaction and wetting effects on NO3, N2O and N2 losses. Soil Research, 57 (6), 670-688.
45. Vujinović T., Clough T.J., Curtin D., Meenken E.D., Lehto N.J., Beare M.H. (2019) Quantity and biodegradabilityof dissolved organic matter released from sequentially leached soils, as influenced by the extent of soil drying
prior to rewetting. Soil Research, 57 (4), 374-386.
46. Wang G., Zhao Z., Ke J., Engel Y., Shi Y.M., Robinson D., Bingol K., Zhang Z., Bowen B., Louie K., Wang B., Evans
R., Miyamoto Y., Cheng K., Kosina S., De Raad M., Silva L., Luhrs A., Lubbe A., Hoyt D.W., Francavilla C., Otani
H., Deutsch S., Washton N.M., Rubin E.M., Mouncey N.J., Visel A., Northen T., Cheng J.F., Bode H.B., Yoshikuni
Y. (2019) CRAGE enables rapid activation of biosynthetic gene clusters in undomesticated bacteria. Nature
Microbiology, 4, 2498-2510.
47. Yamada K.T., Kitamura S., Abe S., Tajima Y., Matsuda A., Mead J.G., Matsuishi T.F. (2019) Description of a new
species of beaked whale (Berardius) found in the North Pacific. Scientific Reports, 9, article number 12723. i)
48. Yuan H., Zhang Z., Li M., Clough T., Wrage-Mönnig N., Qin S., Ge T., Liao H., Zhou S. (2019) Biochar's role as anelectron shuttle for mediating soil N2O emissions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 133, 94-96.

2. Other publications
2.1 Featured in International journalsi) Papers where "GI-CoRE" is stated as an affiliated institution.
ii) Papers which mention "Hokkaido University" in the acknowledgements.

1.

Akiyama H., Yamamoto A., Uchida Y., Takada-Hoshino Y., Tago K., Wang Y., Hayatsu M. (2020) Effect of low C/Ncrop residue input on N2O, NO, and CH4 fluxes from Andosol and Fluvisol fields. Science of The Total
Environment, 713, 136677.

2.

Matsui N., Matsuda A., Matsuishi T.F. (2020) Diet of Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) around
Hokkaido, Japan. Aquatic Mammals, 46(2), 183-190. i)

3.

Mokhtar G., Endo T., Ito R., Funamizu N. (2020) Polyethylene Glycol coated magnetic nano-particles based
draw solution for forward osmosis. Sanitation Value Chain, 4, 27-37.

4.

Muchanga R.A., Uchida Y., Hirata T., Hatano R., Araki H. (2020) Dynamics of N derived from 15N-labeled rye
in soil-tomato system as influenced by cover crop residue management. The Horticulture Journal, 89, 394-402.

5.

Muchanga R.A., Hirata T., Uchida Y., Hatano R., Araki H. (2020) Soil carbon and nitrogen and tomato yield
response to cover crop management. Agronomy Journal, 112, 1636-1648.

6.

Ohishi K., Amano M., Nakamatsu K., Miyazaki N., Tajima Y., Yamada T.K., Matsuda A., Ochiai M., Matsuishi T.F.,
Taru H., Iwao H., Maruyama T. (2020) Serologic survey of Brucella infection in cetaceans inhabiting along thecoast of Japan. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 82(1) 43-46. i)

7.

Yokochi M., Sekimoto K., Inoue T. (2020) Subsidence of rice paddy and upland crop fields in Shinotsu Peatland,128

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Hokkaido, Japan. PIAHS, 382, 231–235.
8.

Akizawa H., Yanagawa Y., Nagano M., Bai H., Takahashi M., Kawahara M. (2019) Significance of CCN2
expression in bovine preimplantation development. Animal science journal, 90, 49-54. ii)

9.

Anabuki T., Ito Y., Ohashi K., Takasuka T.E., Matsuura H., Takahashi K. (2019) Identification of recombinant
AtPYL2, an abscisic acid receptor, in E. coli using a substrate-derived bioactive small molecule, a biotin linker
with alkyne and amino groups, and a protein cross-linker. Bioorganic and Medical Chemistry Letters, 29(21),126634.

10. Bai H., Shabur T.M.A., Kunii H., Itoh T., Kawahara M., Takahashi M. (2019) Evaluation of the immune status of
peripheral blood monocytes from dairy cows during the periparturition period. Journal of Reproduction andDevelopment, 65(4), 313-318.
11. Hamamoto T., Uchida Y. (2019) The role of different earthworm species (Metaphire Hilgendorfi and Eisenia
Fetida) on CO2 emissions and microbial biomass during barley decomposition. Sustainability, 11(23), 6544.
12. Koide Y., Sakaguchi S., Uchiyama T., Ota Y., Tezuka A., Nagano A.J., Ishiguro S., Takamure I., Kishima Y. (2019)
Genetic properties responsible for the transgressive segregation of days to heading in rice. G3: Genes,
Genomes, Genetics, 9(5), 1655-1662.
13. Maezawa T., Matsuishi T., Ito K., Kaji S., Tsunokawa M., Kawahara J.I. (2019) The effects of visual impedimenton the approaching behavior of harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena. Mammal Study, 44(3) 205-213. i)
14. Shiina K., Komatsu M., Yokoi E., Bai H., Takahashi M., Kawahara M. (2019) Overgrowth of mice generated frompostovulatory-aged oocyte spindles. FASEB BioAdvances, 1, 393-403.
15. Uchida Y., Moriizumi M., Shimotsuma M. (2019) Effects of rice husk biochar and soil moisture on theaccumulation of organic and inorganic nitrogen and nitrous oxide emissions during the decomposition of hairy
vetch (Vicia villosa) mulch. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 65, 409-418.
16. Wu L., Kato T., Sato H., Hirano T., Yazaki T. (2019) Sensitivity analysis of the typhoon disturbance effect onforest dynamics and carbon balance in the future in a cool-temperate forest in northern Japan by using SEIBDGVM. Forest Ecology and Management, 451, 117529. i)

2.2 Books published1.

Ke J., Yoshikuni Y. (2019) Pathway and gene discovery from natural hosts and organisms. In: Santos C.,
Ajikumar P. (eds) Microbial Metabolic Engineering. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1927, 1-9.

3. Verbal presentations
3.1 Keynote speeches
1.

Chavalittumrong P., Kaewnern M., Matsuishi T.F.: Designing the Survey for Consumer’s Willingness to Pay forBlue Swimming Crab Digital Traceability in Thailand. 2019 ASEAN-FEN 9th International Fisheries Symposium,
Seri Pacific Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Nov. 18, 2019. [International]

2.

Kato T.: Estimation of ecosystem-level photosynthesis by solar-induced fluorescence measurement Observing CO2 uptake from space-. Hokkaido Society of Agricultural Meteorology Annual Meeting, Sapporo,Dec. 4, 2019. [Domestic]3.

Matsuishi T.F., Matsuda A., Kuroda M., Matsui N., Abe S., Nakagun S., Kobayashi M., Kitamura S., Yamada T.K.,
Tajima Y., Mead J.G.: A new species of a Beaked Whale (Berardius) and role of a stranding network for the129

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discovery. 2019 ASEAN-FEN 9th International Fisheries Symposium, Seri Pacific Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
Nov. 18, 2019. [International]
4.

Mokhtar G.: New Insights into sustainable water management in regions of water scarcity. 2nd EMCEI
conference, Sousse, Tunisia, Oct. 10-13, 2019. (Plenary speaker) [International]

5.

Mokhtar G., Wang S., Ito R., Johmen M., Ushijima K., Kawaguchi T., Funamizu N.: Novel sensor chip for
IoT/M2M and LTE/3G network based water quality monitoring for off-grid water systems. 2nd EMCEI
conference, Sousse, Tunisia, Oct. 10-13, 2019. [International]

6.

Takahashi M.: A new approach for early pregnancy detection in cattle. Seminar in University of Missouri,
Division of Animal Sciences, Nov. 14, 2019. [International]

7.

Takahashi M.: Interferon-stimulated genes: A novel pregnancy specific biomarker in bovine. Seminar in Can
Tho University, Can Tho, Viet Nam, Oct. 16, 2019. [International]

8.

Takahashi M.: Interferon-stimulated genes: Heat stress and animal productivity. Seminar in Can Tho University,
Can Tho, Viet Nam, Oct. 16, 2019. [International]

9.

Yamada T.: Genetic variability of Miscanthus and miscane (Saccharum × Miscanthus) intergeneric hybrids.
International symposium on grassland ecology and sustainable management, Northeast Normal University,
China, Aug. 23, 2019. [International]

3.2 Invited lectures
1.

Clough T.J.: Soil derived agricultural greenhouse gases: production and mitigation. The consultancy
meeting for designing a coordinated research project (CRP) proposal on “Developing Climate Smart
Agricultural practices for mitigation of greenhouse gases”, International Atomic Energy Agency, Jul. 2226, 2019, Vienna, Austria. [International]

3.3 Other presentations
1.

Asano N., Kunii H., Koyama K., Kubo T., Hamaguchi Y., Ogawa H., Kobayashi H., Bai H., Kawahara H., Takahashi
M.: Pregnancy-specific expression of IFIT1 in the bovine cervical mucosal membrane. International joint
Symposium Pathein University & Hokkaido University. Sept 26-27, 2019. Pathein. Myanmar. [International]

2.

Buareal K., Kato T., Ono K.: Ground-based measurement of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence with highresolution spectrum in paddy field ecosystem, Japan. 15th International Workshop on Greenhouse Gas
Measurements from Space, Jun. 5, 2019, Hokkaido University, Sapporo. [Domestic]

3.

Begum P., Kawaguchi T., Gonzalez L.A.: Development of Breath Gas Monitoring System for Cow87th
Conference of Electrochemical Society of Japan Sep. 5, 2019 [Domestic]

4.

Buareal K., Kato T., Morozumi T., Ono K.: Ground based measurement of solar-induced chlorophyll
fluorescence dynamics in rice paddy field ecosystem. Asiaflux 2019 -20th Anniversary-, Oct. 3, 2019, Takayama
Earth Wisdom Center, Takayama, Gifu. [Domestic]5.

Khuu T.P.D., Nguyen T.N.H., Saito Y., Matsuishi T.F.: Are Farmers Willing to Implement for Traceability?
Evidence from Double-Bound Choices Experiment of Vietnamese Shrimp. 2019 ASEAN-FEN 9th International
Fisheries Symposium, Seri Pacific Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Nov. 18, 2019. [International]

6.

Maezawa T., Matsuishi T.F., Ito K., Kaji S., Tsunokawa M., Kawahara J.: The effects of visual impediment on
the approaching behavior of harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena. The 83rd Annual Convention of theJapanese Psychological Association, Ritsumeikan University, Osaka, Sep. 11, 2019. [Domestic]

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7.

Matsuishi T.F., Matsuda A., Kuroda M., Matsui N., Nakagun S., Kobayashi M.: Stranding records along thecoast of Hokkaido in 2018. The 30th Commemorative Convention of Cetology Study Group of Japan, National
Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Jun. 9, 2019. [Domestic]

8.

Miyazaki A., Sasaki M., Kuroda M., Matsuishi T.F., Tajima Y., Yamada T., Nakagun S., Suzuki C., Tsuzuki N.,
Kitamura N.: Morphological analysis of the melon of Hubbs's beaked whale (Mesoplodon carlhubbsi). The
Mammal Society of Japan, Chuo University, Tokyo, Sep. 15, 2019. [Domestic]

9.

Mokhtar G., Ito R., Matsuda T.: Fouling control during concentration of urine by forward osmosis process effect of cleaning processes on permeability-, 10th IWA International symposium on waste management in
Agro-industries AGRO 2019, Jun. 18-21, 2019, Rhodes, Greece. [International]

10. Morozumi T., Kato T., Tsujimoto K., Buareal K., Sakai Y., Kobayashi H., Nasahara K.N., Akitsu T., Murayama S.,
Noda H., Muraoka H.: The temporal variation of solar induced fluorescence detected by the canopy
spectroscopy in cool-temperate broad leaf deciduous forest in central Japan. Asiaflux 2019 -20th Anniversary-,
Oct. 4, 2019, Takayama Earth Wisdom Center, Takayama, Gifu. [Domestic]
11. Mokhtar G., Guo J., Tagawa M., Ito R., Kawaguchi T.: Phosphate recovery from starch factory wastewater using
porous aluminum. 1st ICSEWEN conference, Dec 02-05, 2019, Doha, Qatar. [International]
12. Mokhtar G., Inoue T.: Pioneering global leaders for tackling global water food energy and environment issues.
1st ICSEWEN conference, Dec 02-05, 2019, Doha, Qatar. [International]
13. Morozumi T., Kato T., Tsujimoto K., Buareal K., Sakai Y., Kobayashi H., Nasahara K.N., Akitsu T., Murayama S.,
Noda H., Muraoka H.: Development of methodology for measuring solar-induced fluorescence in cooltemperate forest in central Japan. Hokkaido Society of Agricultural Meteorology Annual Meeting, Dec. 4, 2019,
Sapporo, Japan. [Domestic]
14. Munehara M., Matsuishi T.F.: Effectiveness of real-time closure for mobile species in multi- species fisheries.
2019 ASEAN-FEN 9th International Fisheries Symposium, Seri Pacific Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Nov. 18,
2019. [International]
15. Nabeshima T.: How to make a plan of rural development in Africa: What is a problem? and who is a
stakeholder? (Original French title: « Qui entre en jeu dans la communauté rurale en Afrique?: leproblématique et le plan du développement »). Seminar for French Speaking African trainees of JICA, Sep. 30,
2019, Hokkaido University, Sapporo. [Domestic]
16. Parvin B., Kawaguchi T., Luciano G.: Development of breath gas monitoring system for cow. 87th Conferenceof Electrochemical Society of Japan, Sep. 5, 2019. [Domestic]
17. Pattarapongpan S., Matsuishi T.F.: The yield per recruit analysis of dwarf whipray, Brevitrygon heterura, in
Gulf of Thailand and adjacent waters. 2019 ASEAN-FEN 9th International Fisheries Symposium, Seri Pacific
Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Nov. 18, 2019. [International]
18. Shoji N., Mokhtar G., Sasaki H., Kawaguchi T., Kanauchi M., Sone T.: Development of soy protein fermented
foods based on yeast discovery and manufacturing management sensing for a healthy society. 2nd COI
conference, Sep. 19-20, 2019, Tokyo. [Domestic]
19. Shoji N., Mokthar G., Sasaki H., Kawaguchi T., Sone T., Kanauchi M.: The development of cheese-like, newsoybean fermented foods using yeast for a healthy society. 2nd COI conference, Sep. 19-20, 2019, Tokyo.
[Domestic]
20. Tagawa M., Ito R., Mokhtar G.: Fertilizer production from fertilizer juices. 27th Sanitary Engineering Symposium,
Oct. 31-Nov. 1, 2019, Sousse, Tunisia. [International]
21. Takahashi M.: Heat stress impact on livestock reproduction. International Joint Symposium “Challenges for
the Education Development on Agriculture and Food Resources in Tropical Asia”, Sep. 26-27, 2019, Pathein
University, Pathein, Myanmar. [International]

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22. Takano K., Sornkliang J., Matsuishi T.F.: Assessments of fisheries management in small-scale fisheries Evidence from Blue-Swimming Crab fisheries in Kep, Cambodia. 2019 ASEAN-FEN 9th International Fisheries
Symposium, Seri Pacific Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Nov. 18, 2019. [International]
23. Wulan, Kato T., Hayashi M: Mapping the forest aboveground biomass in Japan by SAR-based machine learningmodel. Asiaflux 2019 -20th Anniversary-, Oct. 3, 2019, Takayama Earth Wisdom Center, Takayama, Gifu.
[Domestic]

4.Patent applications
1.

Mokhtar G., Patent Number 2019-186196, Electrochemical sensor for multi-parameter water quality
monitoring (Japan patents, Patent application in progress)

5.Awards
1.

Mokhtar G., Interdisciplinary Award, 2nd COI 2019, Tokyo, Japan2.

Mokhtar G., Outstanding Keynote speech award, 2nd EMCEI 2019, Sousse, Tunisia

3.

Mokhtar G., Outstanding reviewer support award, 2nd EMCEI 2019, Sousse, Tunisia

4.

Nabeshima T.: Hokkaido University President’s Award for Excellence in Research and Education for AY2019,
Feb 7, 2020.

6.External grants
1.

Kaewnern M., The academic services project entitled “Curriculum Development for training of Thai’s fishingvessel crews”, funded by Department of European Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Thailand.

2.

Kaewnern M., The research project entitled “Survey on local wisdoms in marine natural resources” under the
research plan “Establishment of knowledge and utilization of bioresources in the marine ecosystems around
Andaman coastal research station for development in Ranong Province and adjacent areas”, funded by
National Research Council of Thailand.

3.

Mokhtar G., COI-JST grant, collaborative Research project with Miyagi University.

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References133

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Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE)
Final Evaluation for the Global Station for Food, Land andWater Resources projects
1. Aims  The Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE) shall implement an external
evaluation of the research, education and organizational framework of the Global Station for Food, Landand Water Resources projects which started on April 1, 2015. As the projects have welcomed the final (fifth)
year of the implementation period upon the Fiscal Year 2019, the feedback of this evaluation shall be used
to improve the Global Station project in the future.
2. Evaluation Structure  A "Hokkaido University Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education External Evaluation
Committee" shall be established in Food, Land and Water Resources Global Station in accordance with theExternal Evaluation Implementation Guidelines for the Hokkaido University Global Institution for
Collaborative Research and Education Global Station (Document 2). All evaluations and reports shall be
undertaken in English.
 □ Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources External Evaluation Committee  Candidates from Food, Land and Water Resources GS: 2 foreign members, 1 Japanese member*When the evaluation is complete, the GI-CoRE Steering Committee shall receive a report from theCommittee chair.
3. Evaluation Method□The External Evaluation Committee shall check the contents of the Research Progress Report (Document
3) sent in advance from HU before implementing the on-site investigation and shall evaluate theevaluation items prescribed in Document 4.
□A 5-level evaluation ratings (S to D) and comments shall be obtained for each "Evaluation Item".
Evaluation
Evaluation Explanation
Ratings
S
Achieved outcomes have surpassed the original plan (Outstanding)A

Good progress has been maintained and expected outcomes have beenachieved (Excellent)

B

Most expected outcomes have been achieved with some slight delays(Good)

C

Although certain outcomes were achieved, overall results wereinsufficient. (Satisfactory)
No expected outcomes were achieved. (Unsatisfactory)D
4. Required Expenses

 Travel expenses and honoraria shall be provided to the Evaluation Committee Members (in accordance with
HU regulations). Other expenses required for the External Evaluation (as travel expenses, honoraria,
evaluation report printing expenses, etc.) shall be funded by the budget (non-personnel cost) of the Global
Station.

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5. Publishing of Evaluation Results  Evaluation of this project shall be broadly announced, with the results both published on the relevant HU
websites and published as booklets which are sent to external organizations such as the Japanese Ministryof Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.





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GI-CoRE Global Station External Evaluation ScheduleYear and Month
Fiscal Year 2018 (2018)

June to November
November

March

Fiscal Year 2019 (2019)

April
May to June
July

AgendaProposal of Evaluation Items and Evaluation Structure (Draft Fixed)
Selection/Arrangement of the Evaluation Committee Members*Criteria: 2 foreign and 1 Japanese members(candidates who can conduct evaluation in English)*Confirmation of affiliation, main achievements, contact details, etc.
GI-CoRE Steering Committee #19>> Fixing overviews of evaluation items, evaluation structure, schedule,etc.
>> Fixing the Evaluation Committee Members>> Official appointment request (by letters from the GI-CoRE Director)>> Fixing evaluation forms>> Starting to create the GI-CoRE Research Progress Report (in English)
Commencement of the Appointment as the Evaluation Committee
Members
Preparation of Research Progress Report and On-site Investigation
Completion of the Research Progress Report (in English)>> Forwarding the report to the Evaluation Committee Members for their
document screening

End July

July 24th (Wed.) to July 25th (Thu.)
On-site Investigation (by the External Evaluation Committee)/
Symposium

October

Submission of Report of the Final Evaluation>> Evaluation Committee Members shall forward their reports of the final
evaluation, based on the document screening and on-site investigation

October toDecember

GI-CoRE Steering Committee #22>> Report of the Final Evaluation by the Chair of the External Evaluation
Committee of GSF on behalf of the three Committee Members*Arrangement in progress to request the External Evaluation Committee
Chair

March
Fiscal Year 2020 (2020)

Expiration of the GSF project under the GI-CoRE System

April

Internalization of the GSF project into the affiliated faculty

July

Publication of the Final Evaluation Reports (in English)

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Hokkaido University
Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE)
External Evaluation Implementation Guidelines for the Global Stations
December 15, 2015
Establishment of the Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education Steering Committee 
1. Purpose  These implementation guidelines shall provide the necessary matters for the
implementation of evaluation of the Global Station by non-University affiliated persons(hereinafter the “GS External Evaluation”) of the Hokkaido University Global Institution for
Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE).
2. Committee (1) The "Hokkaido University Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education
External Evaluation Committee (hereinafter the "Committee")" shall be established by GICoRE in order to perform the matters prescribed in each of the following items.
  (i) Implementation of GS External Evaluation(ii) Matters related to the creation and publishing of the report pertaining to the GS
External Evaluation(2) A Committee shall be established for each Global Station that is target for external
evaluation.
3. Composition(1) The Committee shall be composed of third parties other than constituent members of
Hokkaido University, and designated by the Director of GI-CoRE from persons prescribedin each of the following items.
 (i) Person designated by the Director of GI-CoRE who is an expert both within and outside
Japan in the research field of the Global Station to be externally evaluated(ii) Persons whom the Director of GI-CoRE deems necessary(2) The Committee members prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall be commissionedby the Director of GI-CoRE after approval by the GI-CoRE Steering Committee.
4. Term of Office(1) The term of office for Committee Members shall be 1 year. However, if a Committee
Member vacancy occurs, the term of office of the successor shall be the remaining term of
the predecessor.
(2) Committee Members may be reappointed.
5. Committee Chair(1) A Committee Chair shall be appointed and selected through mutual election by theCommittee members.
(2) The Committee Chair shall call a Committee meeting as required, and shall chair the said
meeting.

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6. Proceedings(1) A Committee meeting may not be held unless a majority of the members are present.
(2) Committee meeting proceedings shall be decided by a majority of the attending members.
In case of a tie, the Committee Chair shall decide the issue.
7. Implementation of GS External Evaluation(1) The Committee shall implement the GS External Evaluation as prescribed in thefollowing Article.
(2) The Committee may hear the opinions of persons concerned and implement firsthandinvestigations related to the implementation of the GS External Evaluation.
8. Evaluation Items
The Committee shall evaluate the items prescribed by GI-CoRE in each of the following
items.
 (1) Items related to research (2) Items related to education(3) Items related to the structure of the research and education center (4) Other items deemed necessary by the Committee
9. Creation and Publishing of the Report
The Committee shall collate the evaluation results prescribed in the preceding paragraphand publish the results in a report.
10. Response to Evaluation Results
 The Director of GI-CoRE shall promptly work to implement improvements in view of thereport prescribed in the previous paragraph for items in which improvements are deemednecessary.
11. General Affairs
General affairs for the Committee shall be processed by the Division of International
Relations, International Affairs Department.
12. Miscellaneous Provisions
Necessary matters concerning GS External Evaluation other than those prescribed withinthese implementation guidelines shall be prescribed separately by the GI-CoRE Steering
Committee.
Supplementary Provisions
These guidelines shall come in force on 12 December 2017.

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REGULATIONS FOR THE HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITYGLOBAL INSTITUTION FOR COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONHU Doc. No.151
April 1, 2014
(Purpose)
Article 1 These Regulations shall prescribe the organization and administration of the
Hokkaido University Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education(hereinafter referred to as "the Institution for Research and Education"), based upon theRules Concerning the Organization of Hokkaido University (HU Doc. No. 31 of 2004),
Article 37(4).
(Objectives)
Article 2 The objectives of the Institution for Research and Education shall be to invite
teaching staff from Japan and overseas with world-class education and research results, topromote international collaborative research and international collaborative education(hereinafter referred to as "international collaborative research and education") that
capitalizes upon the distinctive characteristics of Hokkaido University (hereinafter referred
to as the "University"), and to provide support for international collaborative research being
furthered independently by faculties or schools.
(Employees)
Article 3 A Director and other necessary teaching staff shall be placed in the Institution for
Research and Education.
(The Director)
Article 4 The President shall be appointed as the Director of the Institution for Researchand Education.
2. The Director shall supervise the work of the Institution for Research and Education.
(The assistant director)
Article 5 An assistant director shall be placed in the Institution for Research and Education.
2. A vice president designated by the President shall be appointed as the assistant director.
3. The assistant director shall assist the Director in his or her duties and shall take over those duties in the event of the latter being incapacitated.
(Global stations)
Article 6 The following global stations shall be placed in the Institution for Research and
Education to promote international collaborative research and education that capitalizes
upon the distinctive characteristics of the University.
(1) The Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering(2) The Global Station for Zoonosis Control(3) The Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources(4) The Global Station for Soft Matter(5) The Global Station for Big Data and Cybersecurity(6) The Global Station for Arctic Research
2. Full-time teaching staff from the University (including specially appointed academic staff
who come under each item of Article 3 of the Hokkaido University Specially Appointed
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Academic Staff Regulations (HU Doc. No. 35 of 2006). The same applies to Article 7(2)below.) and teaching staff invited from Japan and overseas shall be placed in the Institution
for Research and Education.
3. The period for which a global station is established shall be five years. However, thisperiod can be extended within five years if the steering committee provided for in Article 8
deems it necessary.
(Global station leaders)
Article 7 A global station leader shall be placed in each of the global stations referred to in
the items of Article 6(1).
2. The global station leader shall be one of the teaching staff of the said global station who
has been designated by the Director.
3. The global station leader shall supervise the work of the said global station under the ordersof the Director.
4. The term of office of the global station leaders shall be three years or less, and they can bereappointed.
(Steering Committee)
Article 8 A steering committee shall be placed in the Institution for Research and Education
to deliberate important matters concerning the said institution.
2. The organization and administration of the steering committee shall be prescribed
separately.
(Administration)
Article 9 The administrative work of the Institution for Research and Education shall beprocessed in the Division of International Planning, the International Affairs Department.
(Miscellaneous provisions)
Article 10 In addition to what is prescribed in these Regulations, necessary mattersregarding the operation of the Institution for Research and Education shall be prescribed
separately by the President after approval by the steering committee.
Supplementary Provisions
These Regulations come into force on April 1, 2014.
Supplementary Provisions
These Regulations come into force on April 1, 2015.
Supplementary Provisions
These Regulations come into force on April 1, 2016.
Supplementary Provisions
These Regulations come into force on July 1, 2018.

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REGULATIONS FOR THE GLOBAL INSTITUTIONFOR COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AND EDUCATION STEERING COMMITTEE
HU Doc. No. 152
April 1, 2014
(Purpose)
Article 1 These regulations shall provide for the necessary matters concerning theorganization and administration of the Global Institution for Collaborative Research and
Education Steering Committee (hereinafter referred to as "the committee"), based upon
Article 8(2) of the Regulations for the Global Institution for Collaborative Research and
Education (HU Doc. No. 151 of 2014, "Regulations for the Institution for Education andResearch" in Article 3).
(Topics for Deliberation)
Article 2 The committee shall deliberate on the issues set forth in item (6) through item (10)of Article 2 of the National University Corporation Hokkaido University Agenda for
Hearing with Faculty Council Rules (HU Doc. No. 42 of 2015, referred to as “Hearing
Rules” in the following paragraph) and deliver opinions to the President.
2. In addition to the matters specified in the preceding paragraph, the committee shalldeliberate the following matters pertaining to the Hokkaido University Global Institution
for Collaborative Research and Education (hereinafter referred to as "the Institution for
Research and Education" in (5) below).
(1) Matters regarding personnel affairs of the faculty (excluding matters set forth in item (6)through item (10) of Article 2 of the Hearing Rules).
(2) Matters regarding the establishment, reform or termination of global stations.
(3) Matters regarding the evaluation of the educational and research activities of global
stations.
(4) Matters regarding budgets.
(5) Other important matters pertaining to the administration of the Institution for Researchand Education.
(Structure)
Article 3 The committee shall consist of the following members:(1) The director of the Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education(referred to as "the director" in Article 5)(2) The assistant director of the Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education(referred to as "the assistant director" in Article 5)(3) One vice president designated by the President (excluding the person mentioned in theprevious item)(4) One dean or director from each of the following categories (a-d), each of whom shall be
designated by the Presidenta) The Graduate School of Letters, the Graduate School of Law, the Faculty of
Education, the Research Faculty of Media and Communication, the Faculty of
Economics and Business, the Faculty of Public Policy

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b) The Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, the Faculty of Fisheries
Sciences, the Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, the Faculty of Science, theResearch Faculty of Agriculture, the Faculty of Advanced Life Science, the Faculty ofEngineering, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicinec) The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the Faculty of Health Sciences, the Faculty of
Medicine, the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospitald) Each affiliated research institute, each research center, the Field Science Center for
Northern Biosphere(5) Each global station leader as prescribed in Article 7 of the Regulations for the Institution
for Education and Research(6) Other persons whom the President deems appropriate
2. The President shall appoint the committee members mentioned in the preceding item (6)(Term of Office)
Article 4 The terms of office of the committee members indicated in paragraph 1(4) andparagraph 1(6) of the previous article shall be two years. However, the term of office of
substitute committee members shall be the remaining term of office of the previous
committee member.
2. The committee members indicated in the preceding paragraph may be reappointed.
(Committee Chair)
Article 5 The director shall be appointed as the committee chair.
2. The committee chair shall call committee meetings and preside over the said meetings.
3. The assistant director shall take over the director's duties in the event of the latter being
incapacitated.
(Proceedings)
Article 6 The committee cannot validly convene unless at least two-thirds of the committee
members are present.
2 Committee proceedings, other than those prescribed separately, shall be decided by the
majority vote of the attending committee members.
(Attendance of Persons Other Than Committee Members)
Article 7 In cases deemed necessary by the committee, persons other than committee
members may be permitted to attend committee meetings, and explanations or opinions of
the said persons may be heard.
(Committees on Special Issues)
Article 8 Committees on special issues may be established within the committee whennecessary in order to deliberate specialized matters.
(General Affairs)
Article 9 The administrative affairs of the committee shall be processed in the Division ofInternational Planning, the International Affairs Department.
(Miscellaneous Provisions)
Article 10 In addition to what is prescribed in these regulations, necessary mattersregarding the operation of the committee shall be prescribed by the said committee.

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Supplementary Provisions
These regulations come into force on April 1, 2014.
Supplementary Provisions (HU Doc. No. 196 of April 1, 2015)
These regulations come into force on April 1, 2015.
Supplementary Provisions (HU Doc. No. 191 of October 1, 2016)
These regulations come into force on October 1, 2016.
Supplementary Provisions (HU Doc. No. 163 of April 1, 2017)
1. These regulations come into force on April 1, 2017.
2. The dean of the Graduate School of Dental Medicine who was specified as a committee
member in c) of paragraph 1(4) of Article 3 prior to the revision (hereinafter referred to as“the former committee member” in this paragraph) shall be deemed to have been
appointed as a committee member under the revised regulations in c) of paragraph 1(4) of
Article 3 on the enforcement date of these regulations. The term of office of the said
member shall be the remaining term of office of the former committee member on theenforcement date, notwithstanding the revised provisions of Article 4(1).
Supplementary Provisions (HU Doc. No. 182 of June 20, 2017)
These regulations come into force on June 20, 2017 and apply retroactively from April 1,
2017.
Supplementary Provisions (HU Doc. No. 98 of July 1, 2018)
These regulations come into force on July 1, 2018.

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146

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Final Evaluation Report | Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources, GI-CoRE, Hokkaido University

Final Evaluation Report

外部評価報告書

Published by:
Global Station for Food, Land and Water Resources,
Global Institution for Collaborative
Research and Education (GI-CoRE),
Hokkaido University

発

Website: https://gi-core.oia.hokudai.ac.jp/gsf/

ウェブサイト : https://gi-core.oia.hokudai.ac.jp/gsf/

July 2020

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行：

北海道大学

国際連携研究教育局（GI-CoRE）

食水土資源グローバルステーション

2020/10/21 14:50