―SUMMARY ―Experiences of anti-war movements and the activities of the Peace Depot

UMEBAYASHI, Hiromichi
Special Advisor, Peace Depot

Visiting Professor, Nagasaki University

ONO, Mitsuaki

Researcher, Peace Education and Research Institute, Kyoto Museum for World Peace
Associate Professor, School of Human Cultures, University of Shiga Prefecture

BANSHO, Kenichi

Researcher, Peace Education and Research Institute, Kyoto Museum for World Peace

Peace Education and Research Institute of the Kyoto Museum for World Peace in Ritsumeikan University
has been conducting the research project, “Regional social histories and Japanese Self Defense Forces”
since 2018. The project aims to consider the military base issues including the Japanese Self Defense
Forces, which has not been studied much in the past, and analyze the militarization process and its
on September 28, 2019, in the midst of the tense situation on the Korean Peninsula and the US-North Korea
summits. The first section, “Experiences of anti-military movements and the activities of the Peace Depot,”
includes a lecture by Hiromichi Umebayashi, a special advisor of the Peace Depot. The second part consistsof the comments on Umbebayashi's lecture by Mitsuaki Ono, a researcher at the Peace Education andResearch Institute, and a discussion among the participants. It presents the perspective for understanding
the base issue and militarization through Umebayashi's experiences from the anti-Vietnam war movement
to the present.

要旨

historical impact on local communities. This paper is the transcript of the 4th seminar of the project held177

Veterans’ Views of Japan’s Self Defense Forces in the 1980s: The Veteran’s Association
Newspaper TAIYU as a Historical Source

TSUDA, Takeaki

Graduate Student, Graduate School of Human and Emvironmental Studies, Kyoto University
Research Associate, Peace Education and Research Institute, Kyoto Museum for World Peace, Ritsumeikan University

This paper seeks to analyze the views of the Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) veterans’ association
TAIYUKAI in the context of the JSDF’s history in the 1980s, a period previously neglected by militaryhistorians.
The primary source for this research was the TAIYUKAI’s official newspaper TAIYU. I analyzed theattitudes toward society and the state expressed by TAIYUKAI members, and their discourse on social
movements. A catalogue of the main editorial columns published in TAIYU is appended to the article as ahistorical record of the perceptions of JSDF veterans.

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22Recording the Sasebo Air Raids and Reconsidering the Relationship Between the Cityand the U.S. Military Base during the 1970s

SUZUKI, Yuki

Graduate Student, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

The purpose of this paper is to clarify how the recording movement of the Sasebo air raids was addressed,
and why the movement began in Sasebo city during the 1970s. By exploring two key contexts, the equationof the damage of Sasebo air raids with the damage of atomic bomb that destroyed Nagasaki, which had
already received great attention worldwide during the 1970s, and the groundswell of opposition to U.S.
military base, which especially grew after the demonstrations against the arrival of the nuclear-powered
aircraft carrier USS Enterprise at Sasebo in 1968, this paper clarifies the development and meaning of therecording movement of the Sasebo air raids during the 1970s.

The Birth of the War Documentary Film :Realism of War Representations in the Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese WarsOTSUKI, Isao

Ritsumeikan University Graduate School of Sociology

The purpose of this article is to explain why war documentary films were born in Japan. In 1900, thecinematographer Shibata Tsunekichi (1867-1929) shot a war documentary film for the first time in Japan.
However, Shibata's war documentary films have been not found, and it has not been clear how Shibata
filmed them. This article redraws the early history of Japanese war films through new historical materials
on Shibata Tsunekichi.
The birth of the war documentary film does not derive only from film history. In the study of the cultural
history of the Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese wars, however, there has been no attempt to describe theprocess of the birth from the perspective of the cultural history that crosses genres such as newspaper,literature, painting and photography. Despite the fact that painting and photography already exited torepresent the war during the Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese wars, why was film necessary to represent
war at that time? This article places Japanese war documentary films in the trans-genres context on thecultural history of the war representation, and considers the impact of the films on the war consciousnessof the Japanese people in modern times.

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要旨

A Case Study of Support Activities for the Japan Self-Defense Forces by Business People in the 1960’s :A Focus on the Osaka Defense Association

NAKAHARA, Masato

Doctoral Student, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University, Japan
Lecturer, Department of Foreign Languages, School of Japanese Language, Huizhou University, People’s Republic of China

In the 1960’s, the non-state-controlled Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF), support groups were establishedin more than a thousand regions of Japan. Among them, the Osaka Defense Association was established bymany important people from the Kansai business world, such as Panasonic founder, Konosuke Matsushita,
typically referred to as “the god of management”. These facts, however, have not yet been researched.
Therefore, this paper examines the background of the establishment, its founding members, its activities,
and the intensions of the Osaka Defense Association. As the result of the research, this paper uncovered
the following:
The Osaka Defense Association was set up by members of the Kansai Economic Federation to assist theJSDF dispatched for a disaster relief mission during the heavy snowfall of 1963. The successive chairpersonsof the association have been served by influential business people such as Konosuke Matsushita. Inaddition, the foundation of the association was supported by a majority consensus of the Kansai business180
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22

world, and by support from the culturati of Osaka. Moreover, the Osaka Defense Association founding wasaided with wide support from 146 companies with little affiliation to the defense industry.
The association had been actively supporting the JSDF in the latter half of the 1960’s, and continues todo so to the present day. Its activities are divided into comfort, support, public relations, commemorative
event cooperatives, troop touring, and so forth; behind all the enthusiastic activities, in the latter part of thesixties, there was a backlash by some members against the “anti-JSDF trend”.
In light of all this, it is perhaps unsurprising that in 1960’s Osaka there was a growing tendency tosupport the JSDF mainly by the people from the Kansai business world.

How to appeal peace : The one-time mayor of Nagasaki Motoshima Hitoshi by way of example

MORIKAWA, Daisuke

Doushisha University of The Graduate School of Letters A traineeThis Journal’s theme is the one- time mayor of Nagasaki Motoshima Hitoshi. (following Motoshima)
Motoshima died in 2014.10.31.Motoshima is famous of abolishment of nuclear weapon and a peace
movement. But he was not an atomic bomb victim. Why he colud be famous of a peace movement ? This
problem’s answer is the key of a problem to be solved. That problem is loss of atomic bombs memory.
Atomic bomb victims will die in the near future. In that case, the memory of them will lost forever. But itshould not be birth of new atomic bomb victims. In that case, people who don’t have experience of atomic
bombs must take over atomic bombs memory. So Motoshima is important. The reason of why Motoshima
colud be famous of bolishment of nuclear weapon and a peace movement makes clear the method thatpeople have no memory of atomic boms can hand that memory down to posterity.
This Journal is divided into seven chapters.
First chapter is rising the question.
Second chapter is Motoshima’s estimate after his death in papers 2014.11.1.
Third chapter is the characteristic of Nagasaki peace declaration read by Motoshima.
Forth chapter is other mayors of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. Those mayors are Hamai Shinzo and HiraokaTakashi.
Sixth chapter is the Motoshima’s view of the Atomic bomb and the Motoshima’s limit of act to theAtomic bomb.
Final chapter is the answer for the first question how to appeal peace by people don’t’ have experienceof atomic bombs.

要旨

Fifth chapter is the characteristic of the treatment of foreign atomic bomb victims by Motoshima.

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Constructing memories of nuclear disasters :Comparisons of museums in Chernobyl and Fukushima

MURAMOTO, Kuniko

Professor, Graduate School of Human Science, Ritsumeikan University

KONO, Akiko

Graduate Student, Doctoral Course, Graduate School of Human Science, Ritsumeikan University

This article examines how the Chernobyl Museum and related facilities in Fukushima deal with thecollective memories of nuclear disasters. The Chernobyl Museum appeals the misery of the nuclear power
plant explosion and disseminates the lessons to the world. It has been cultivated as a forum over long time.
On the other hand, the related facilities in Fukushima have focused on environmental recovery andreconstruction of Fukushima. They tend to lack the important information about this disaster and its
consequent difficulties such as pains and loss. Recommendations are made to make “The Great East Japan
Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster Memorial Museum”, which plays a central role in the memory andtransmission of nuclear disasters, grow into a museum as a forum that is open to dialogue, incorporating
diverse voices from citizens.
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22From the Kyushu University Phantom Fighter Crash to the 1969 Antiwar Expo
“Hanpaku”: An Interview with Shun’ichi EtoBANSHO, Kenichi

Researcher, Peace Education and Research Institute, Kyoto Museum for World Peace

ONO, Mitsuaki

Researcher, Peace Education and Research Institute, Kyoto Museum for World Peace
Associate Professor, School of Human Cultures, University of Shiga PrefectureThis article describes an interview with Shun’ichi Eto, a member of the “Fukuoka Beheiren” group that
advocated against the Vietnam War. Eto was born in January 1950 and joined Fukuoka Beheiren while hewas a student at Kyushu University; he is now a mathematics teacher for the Kawaijuku Educational
Institution. The interview was held at a cafe in Tenjin, Fukuoka, on the afternoon of 30 March 2019 as partof preparations for the exhibition “Hanpaku 1969: An Antiwar World’s Fair” that was held at the Kyoto
Museum for World Peace, Ritsumeikan University between 17 July and 24 August 2019. One of the events
that helped Hanpaku attract a great deal of attention was its exhibition of the wreck of an American RF-4C
Phantom II fighter jet that had crashed into the Kyushu University Large Model Computing Device Centeron 2 June 1968. In this interview Eto talks about his life, how exhibitions were prepared for Hanpaku, howthe Phantom crash was connected to Vietnam War protests in Fukuoka, and how these were related to theOsaka-centered Beheiren movement that organized Hanpaku.

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要旨

See, Feel, Think; Nanjing

SHIMIZU, Ikuko

Staff, Kyoto Museum for World Peace

At the end of 2019, I visited Nanjing, I wanted to think how can I work peace creation work. Nanjing isthe city invaded by the Japanese army at the China-Japan war. At Nanjing I visited three museums, I wrote
what I saw and felt at Nanjing in this essay.
First, I introduce three museums; The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by JapaneseInvaders, John Rabe House and Nanjing Lijixiang Comfort Station. And then, I write my idea about thepeace creation work.
In Japan there is a controversy about Nanjing Massacre’s number of victims, I write it based on threemuseums’ exhibitions.