第 22 巻 (Dec, 2001)

第 27 回生理研国際シンポジウム
生理学研究所国際シンポジウム”Mechanisms of Cell

討論することにより，さらなる相互研究協力関係を確立

Signaling in Early Development”（初期発生における細胞することを目的として開催された．生理学研究所，内藤信号伝達機構）は，生理学研究所が主催，細胞内代謝研記念科学振興財団，加藤記念難病研究助成基金から援助

究部門宮崎俊一教授がオーガナイザーとなって，平成 12をいただいた．

年 11 月６日から８日にかけて岡崎コンファレンスセン

本シンポジウムは比較的小さい国際シンポジウムであターで開催された．生殖細胞（精子・卵子）の成熟，受り，参加者は約 60 名で，海外から７名（米国４，英国

精，胚発生開始を含む初期発生機序の解明は，生物学上２，フランス１），国内から 15 名の招待講演と，21 題の重要な研究課題であるばかりでなく，医学・農学領域へ

ポ ス タ ー 発 表 が あ っ た ． シ ン ポ ジ ウ ム は ”discussionの応用の基礎になる有用な研究課題でもある．本シンポmeeting”と位置づけ，また若手研究者の参画を呼びかけ，ジウムは，初期発生における細胞信号伝達機構に焦点を活発な討論が行われて，非常に有意義なものとなった．

絞り，特にヒトを含めた哺乳動物の受精のメカニズムを会期中に，生理研の見学，岡崎城見物，懇親会などを折中心に，このテーマに関わる生物学・医学・農学の国内り込み，最新研究情報の交換ばかりでなく，パーソナル

外の先端的研究者が最新のデータを持ち寄る機会を我がコミュニケーションも充分でき，所期の目的が充分達成

国で設け，情報交換と今後の研究方向・ストラテジーをされた．

SEIRIKEN (NIPS) International Symposium”Mechanisms of Cell Signaling in Early Development”
November 6-8, 2000; Okazaki Conference Center, Japan

November 6 (Monday)
Welcome greeting

Sasaki S (Director general, NIPS)

1) Miyazaki S (NIPS & Tokyo Women’s Medical Univ) Opening remarks and “Cell signaling in early development”
2) Morisawa M (Univ of Tokyo) Cell signalings for sperm activation and chemotaxis in the ascidians, Ciona
intestinalis and C. savignyi.
3) Okabe M (Osaka Univ) Sperm/egg fusion and surface proteins in mouse4) Ogura A (Natl Inst of Infectious Diseases) Construction of diploid zygotes by micromanipulation using male germ cells5) Kuroda H (Toyama Univ) Fertilization signals in sea urchin eggs
6) Kyozuka K (Tohoku Univ) Signal transduction during fertilization in Ascidian7) Deguchi R (Miyagi Univ of Education) Spatiotemporal patterns of Ca2+ increases at fertilization in bivalve and mouseeggs”
8) Fissore RA (Univ of Massachusetts) Understanding how the sperm initiates life and death in mammalian oocytes
9) Swann K (Univ College London) A soluble sperm factor that generates InsP3 and Ca2+ oscillations in mammalianeggs

November 7 (Tuesday)10) Stricker SA (Univ of New Mexico) Calcium and ER dynamics during oocyte maturation and fertilization in nemerteanworms11) Oda S (Tokyo Women’s Med Univ) Physiological characterization of mammalian sperm factor
12) Kline D (Kent State Univ) Localization of the endoplasmic reticulum and generation of Ca2+ waves in the mouse egg

293生理学研究所年報13) Mohri T (NIPS) Ca2+/Mn2+ influx and release during Ca2+ oscillations in mouse eggs14) Carroll D (Florida Inst of Technol) Tyrosine kinase and PLCγinvolvement in egg activation during fertilization
15) Iwao Y (Yamaguchi Univ) Molecular mechanisms of egg activation in amphibians

November 8 (Wednesday)16) Sardet C. (CNRS / Univ P M Curie) Cortical and cytoplasmic reorganizations of the ascidian zygote17) Hamaguchi Y. (Tokyo Inst of Technol) Cleavage stimulus in relationship with the mitotic apparatus in echinoderm eggs18) Whitaker M. (Univ of Newcastle upon Tyne) Calcium signalling in early embryos19) Mikoshiba K. (Inst of Med Sci, Univ of Tokyo) The role of IP3 receptors in development
20) Kono T. (Tokyo Univ of Agriculture) Epigenetic modification during oocyte growth and embryo development21) Okamoto H. (Natl Inst of Bioscience and Human-technol) FGF signaling and the neural induction in Xenopus earlydevelopment
22) Takahashi K. (Meiji Pharmaceutical Univ) Differentiation of ion channels during development
Closing remarks

Miyazaki S (NIPS)

Poster session (November 6 – 8)
P-1

Nomura M, Yoshida M & Morisawa M (Misaki Marine Biol Station, Univ of Tokyo)
Calcium/calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II regulates membrane hyperpolarization in theSAAF-induced motility activation-signaling cascade in sperm of the ascidian, Ciona savignyi.

P-2

Tsutsui H1, Ishikawa M1, Cosson J2, Oka Y1 & Morisawa M1 (1Misaki Marine Biol Station, Univ of Tokyo; 2Observatoire
Oceanologique de Villefrance-sur-Mer, CNRS)
Two strategies for sperm chemotaxis in Ciona and siphonophores: A numerical simulation study

P-3

Kanematsu D, Kuroda R & Kuroda H (Toyama Univ)
A transient increase in [Ca2+]i during fertilization of C . elegans oocytes

P-4

Stricker SA & Smythe TL (Univ of New Mexico)
Serotonin triggers an increase in cAMP during oocyte maturation in nemertean worms

P-5

Nakano T1,2, Nakashima T1, Kontani K3, Kurosu H3, Katada T3, Hoshi M4 & Chiba K 1 (1Ochanomizu Univ; 2Tokyo Instof Technol; 3Univ of Tokyo; 4Keio Univ)
G-protein βγsubunit-dependent phosphorylation of starfish oocyte

P-6

Iwasaki H1,2, Chiba K3, Uchiyama T1, Yoshikawa F4, Suzuki F3, Ikeda M5, Furuichi T6 & Mikoshiba K1,2 ( 1Univ ofTokyo; 2Brain Science Inst, RIKEN; 3Ochanomizu Univ; 4Univ of California, San Francisco; 5Tokyo Inst of Technol;
6Dept of Mol Neurogenesis, Brain Science Inst, RIKEN)

Molecular characterization of starfish IP3 receptor and its roles during oocyte maturation and fertilization
P-7Kumano M1,2, Albay D1, Carroll D3 & Foltz K1 (1Univ of California, Santa Barbara; 2Tokyo Inst of Technol; 3Florida Instof Technol)
The regulation of MAP kinase during fertilization of echinoderm eggs

P-8

Yoshida M (Misaki Marine Biol Station, Univ of Tokyo)
Role of calcium in the egg activation in the ascidian, Ciona savignyi

P-9

Yamamoto S1, Kubota HY2, Yoshimoto Y3 & Iwao Y1 (1Yamaguchi Univ; 2Kyoto Univ; 3Kansai Med Univ)
Injection of a sperm extract triggered egg activation in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

P-10Whitaker M (Univ of Newcastle upon Tyne)
cGMP and the fertilization calcium wave in sea urchin eggs

P-11294

Shirakawa H1, Mohri T2 & Miyazaki S1,2 (1Tokyo Women's Med Univ; 2NIPS)

第 22 巻 (Dec, 2001)

Numerical simulation for Mn2+ quenching of fura-2 during Ca2+ oscillations in mouse eggs
P-12

Shirakawa H1 & Miyazaki S1,2 (1Tokyo Women's Med Univ; 2NIPS)
Dual-wavelength ratiometric fluorescence measurement of endoplasmic reticulum membrane potential using voltagesensitive dyes

P-13

Parrington J1, Jones M2, Rice A1, Rhee SG3, Katan M2 & Swann K1 (1Univ College London, 2CRC Centre for Cell andMol Biol; 3NIH)
Characteristics of the sperm factor and its assosciated PLC activity

P-14

Deguchi R1, Shirakawa H2, Oda S2, Mohri T3 & Miyazaki S2,3 (1Miyagi Univ of Education; 2Tokyo Women’s Med
Univ; 3NIPS)
Spatiotemporal analysis of Ca2+ waves during Ca2+ oscillations in fertilized mouse eggs

P-15

Sato M1, Yoshitomo M1, Mohri T1, Sakurai A2 & Miyazaki S1,3 (1NIPS; 2Juntendo Univ; 3Tokyo Women’s Med Univ)
Ca2+ dynamics in mouse eggs after ICSI

P-16

Ogonuki O1,2,3, Sankai T2 , Yagami K3, Shikano T4, Oda S4, Miyazaki S4 & Ogura A1 (1National Inst of Infectious
Diseases; 2Tsukuba Primate Center; 3Univ of Tsukuba; 4Tokyo Women's Med Univ)
Activity of a sperm-borne oocyte-activating factor in spermatozoa and spermatogenic cells from cynomolgus monkeys
and its localization after oocyte activation

P-17

Kline D & Miller D (Kent State Univ)
Development of an in vtro culture system for ovarian follicles suitable for imaging

P-18

Kaji K1, Oda S2, Shikano T1, Ohnuki T3, Uematsu Y3, Sakagami J3, Tada N3, Miyazaki S2,4 & Kudo A1 (1Tokyo Inst ofTechnol; 2Tokyo Women's Med Univ; 3Taisho Pharm CO LTD; 4NIPS)
Cd9 on mouse egg microvilli participates in sperm-egg fusion

P-19

Haremaki T1, Tanaka Y2, Hongo I1, Okamoto H1 (1National Inst of Bioscience and Human-technol; 2Univ of Tsukuba)
FGF dose-dependent expression of Xcad3 is mediated by elements in the 5'-flanking region and the first intron

P-20

Tanaka-Kunishima M & Takahashi K (Meiji Pharmaceutical Univ)
Ascidian reural oreEpidermal differentiation reflected in developmental profile of IRK channel gene promoter activity

P-21

Ono Y1, Shimozawa N2, Ito M2, Kono T1,2 (1Tokyo Univ of Agriculture; 2 Central Inst for Exp Anims)
Production of cloned mice by serial and single nuclear transfer295

生理学研究所年報

COE 国際シンポジウム（第 28 回生理研国際シンポジウム）
本シンポジウムは姿勢と歩行運動の高次制御機序を解ベルまでの最新の研究成果を国内外の第一線研究者によ明することを目的とし，森茂美（生体調節系，生体シスって発表して頂きさらに討論した。また会議の早朝にはテム研究部門）を総括選任者，Wiesendanger 教授（フラShik（イスラエル），Strick（アメリカ），Wiesendanger

イブルグ大，スイス）および Stuart 教授（アリゾナ大，（スイス）教授による Keynote Lecture が行われた。こアメリカ）を国際諮問委員として開催した。会議にはア

れらの研究発表・討論から２０世紀に出された主要な研メリカ，カナダ，イギリス，フランス，スウェーデンな究成果 を総括するとともに，それらを２１世紀の研究者

ど１４カ国からそれぞれの国を代表する先導的な研究者に広く理解して頂くことを目的として講演者が研究成果が参加するとともに，我が国からも運動制御の研究分野をミニレビューとしてまとめ，国際的な専門誌に出版すにおける先導的研究者と次世代を担う若年研究者が参加ることの必要性が論じられた。幸いにも研究成果をし，それぞれ研究成果 を講演するとともに全体討論に積Progress in Brain Research Series に出版することについ極的に参加した。 シンポジウムでは 1. Brainstem andて Elsevier 出版社（オランダ）の同意を得ることがで

Spinal Cord: Cellular / Systems Approaches, 2. Adaptive

きた。諸外国では動物実験の制約などから脳研究に対すBrainstem and Spinal Mechanisms, 3. Rhythm Generation

るシステムアプローチ的研究がやや停滞している。本会and Sensorimotor Brainstem Interactions, 4. Brainstem-

議に参加した数多くの外国人研究者がこの研究分野におCerebellar Interactions, 5. Eye-Head-Neck Coordination, 6.

ける日本人研究者の高いレベルでの研究成果を再認識しHigher Nervous Mechanisms: Basal Ganglia, Sensorimotor

たことは今後の国際間における研究交流を進める上で本Cortex, and Frontal Lobe, の６主題で最も基本的神経回路シンポジウムの大きな成果であったと考えられる。

が内在する脊髄レベルから脳幹，小脳，基底核，大脳レCOE international symposium:
The 28th SEIRIKEN International Symposium
Higher Nervous Control of Posture and Locomotion: Parallel andCentralized Control Mechanisms
March 18-22, 2001, NIPS Conference CenterNIPS, Japan

March 19 Monday
Opening Remarks
Welcoming Address

Shigemi Mori (NIPS)
Kazuo Sasaki (Director-General, NIPS)

1) Mark Shik (Tel Aviv Univ.) How the mesencephalic

Locomotor Region

recruits hindbrain neurons

2) Douglas Stuart (Univ. Arizona), Historical perspective: Integration of posture and locomotion: significance of thecontributions of Sherrington, Hess, and Bernstein3) Sten Grillner (Karolinska Institute) The intrinsic function of a neuronal network: From ion channels to motor behavior
4) Francois Clarac (Univ. Marseilles) Comparative aspects of the development of posture and locomotion in mammals: Theneonatal rat5) Norio Kudo (Tsukuba Univ.) Developmental changes in the spatial pattern of rhythmic motor activity in the rat fetus
6) Hans Hultborn (Univ. Copenhagen) Resetting as a tool to analyze the locomotor network in the mammalian spinal cord7) Takashi Yamaguchi (Yamagata Univ.) Neuronal organization of cat forelimb CPG8) Larry Jordan (Univ. Manitoba) Examining the role of 5-HT in the control of spinal locomotor neurons: Release, receptor296第 22 巻 (Dec, 2001)

distribution, and the effects of antagonists
9) Keir Pearson (Univ. Alberta) Functional role of feedback from muscle afferents in the generation of motor activity inwalking cats10) Kiyoji Matsuyama (Sapporo Med. Univ.) Locomotor role of the reticulospinal-spinal interneuronal system
11) Peter Kirkwood (Univ. College London) Respiratory inputs, non-respiratory inputs and plateau potentials in hindlimb
motoneurons of female cats: Modulation by oestrogen and implications for functional heterogeneity in nucleus
retroambiguus.
12) Saburo Kawaguchi (Kyoto Univ.) Functional recovery from spinal cord injury: Effects of a repair graft in the neonate
13) Marion Murray (MCP Hahnemam Univ.) Some functions develop and some do not after transplantation into spinal cord
transection sites in neonatal rats
14) Alan Tessler (MCP Hahnemam Univ.) Some functions recover and some do not after intraspinal transplantation in adultrats
15) Serge Rossignol (Univ. Montreal) Determinants of locomotor recovery after spinal injury in the cat

March 20 Tuesday16) Peter L. Strick (Univ. Pittsburgh) New concepts about basal ganglia and cerebellar "loops" with the cerebral cortex17) Yoshio Nakamura (Tokyo Medical and Dental Univ.) Brainstem rhythm generation for ingestive movements18) Kazuhisa Ezure (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience) Central control of respiration by brainstem neuralnetworks19) Edgar Garcia-Rill (Univ. Arkansas) Arousal mechanisms related to posture and locomotion: I. Descending modulation
20) Robert Skinner (Univ. Arkansas) Arousal mechanisms related to posture and locomotion: II. Ascending modulation
21) Tadashi Isa (NIPS) Saccade initiation and vigilance: Regulation by the brainstem cholinergic system.
22) Ryuichi Shigemoto (NIPS) Cerebellar ataxia in patients with Hodgkin's disease: Role of a metabotropic glutamatereceptor
23) Vlastislav Bracha (Iowa State Univ.) Cerebellar involvement in eyeblink conditioning in humans24) Shigemi Mori (NIPS) Fastigial control of multiple body segments for the integration of posture and locomotion25) James Bloedel (Iowa State Univ.) The task- and condition-dependent nature of the cerebellum's contribution to motor
learning is reflected in the modulation of cerebellar neurons
26) Thomas Thach (Washington Univ.) Cerebellar control of simple vs. compound movements
27) Barry Peterson (Univ. Arkansas) Neural control of head movements
28) Kikuro Fukushima (Hokkaido Univ.) Role of the frontal eye fields in smooth gaze tracking29) Yoshio Uchino (Tokyo Medical and Dental Univ.) The role of cross-striolar and commissural inhibition in thevestibulocollic reflex30) Yoshikazu Shinoda (Tokyo Medical and Dental Univ.) The neural control of gaze: Organization from the superior
colliculus to ocular and neck motoneurons
31) Alexej Glantyn (CNRS/College de France) Control of orienting movements: Role of multiple tectal projections to thelower brain stem32) Shigeto Sasaki (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience) Velocity and position guided orienting in theunrestrained cats

March 21 Wednesday33) Mario Wiesendanger (Univ. Berne) Hands: The quest to understand dexterity34) George Stelmach (Arizona State Univ.) Coordination among multiple body segments involved in trunk-assisted297

生理学研究所年報

prehension35) Roger Lemon (Univ. College London) Pathways for corticospinal control of motoneurons in different primate species.
36) Eric Rouiller (Univ. Fribourg) Recovery of manual dexterity following lesion of the corticospinal system in the adultmonkey37) Jun Tanji (Tohoku Univ.) Regional specialization within the premotor cortex of the non-human primate38) Jiping He (Arizona State Univ.) Cortical control of arm movement: Adaptation and learning by cortical neurons39) Fraser Wilson (Univ. Arizona) Spatially-directed responses and neuronal activity in freely moving monkeys40) Okihide Hikosaka (Juntendo Univ.) Neural control of voluntary saccades: Role of the basal ganglia41) Atsushi Nambu (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience) Cortico-basal ganglia loop and Parkinson's disease42) Kaoru Takakusaki (Aasahikawa Medical College) Basal ganglia-brainstem systems that control postural muscle tone andlocomotion in cats43) Trevor Drew (Univ. Montreal) Cortical and brainstem contributions to the control of locomotion44) Hiroshi Shibasaki (Kyoto Univ.) Neural control mechanisms for normal vs. disordered gait45) Gert Holstege(Univ. Groningen) The emotional motor system
46) Paul Cordo (Oregon Health Sci.Univ.) Control of multijoint movement in a natural motor behavior47) Victor Gurfinkel (Oregon Health Sci.Univ.) Coexistence of stability and mobility in a natural motor behavior48) Jean Massion (Univ. Marseilles) Posture and movement: co-ordination and control
Concluding remarks Douglas Stuart (Univ. Arizona), What have we learned in Okazaki?
Closing remarks Shigemi Mori (NIPS)

Poster Presentations (March 20 Tuesday)
P-1

Tetsuro Yamamoto (Mie Univ.)
Mode of cerebellar activation of the motor cortical areas: Phylogenetic comparisons among mammals

P-2

Satoru Kondo (NIPS)
Inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the frontal cortex of the rat

P-3

Md. Kadrul Huda (Gifu Univ.)
Thalamocortical excitation of cat motor cortical neurons: Inhibitory modulation by dopamine

P-4

Alstermark Bror (NIPS)
C3-C4 propriospinal neurons mediate disynaptic pyramidal excitation to forelimb motoneurons in Macaca Fuscata

P-5

Yuka Inoue (NIPS)
Functions of the pedunculo-pontine tegmental nucleus: Reward-influenced modulation of a saccade task in themonkey

P-6

Yasushi Kobayashi (NIPS)
The performance of visually guided saccade tasks in monkeys: Contribution of pedunculo-pontine tegmental nucleusneurons

P-7

Tetsu Okumura (NIPS)
Microperfusion into the rat striatum: rotation movements and brain c-fos expression induced by carbachol

P-8

Izumi Sugihara (Tokyo Med. Dent. Univ.)
Cerebellar projection patterns of single climbing vs. mossy fibers

P-9

Katsumi Nakajima (NIPS)
Locomotor-driving signals to lumbosacral neurons: Role of CLR-activated reticulospinal cells

P-10

Hiroshi Nishimaru (Tsukuba Univ.)
Rhythmic, locomotor-like activity in the spinal cord of the neonatal mouse298第 22 巻 (Dec, 2001)

P-11

Arpad Dobolyi (NIPS & NIH)
Acetylcholinesterase-positive neurons in the lumbar spinal cord of the developing and adult rat

P-12

Julita Czarkowska-Bauch (Nencki Institue)
BDNR and NT-4 immunoreactivity increase in spinal cord fibers following locomotor training in the adult rat

P-13

Malgorzata Skup (Nencki Institute)
Identification of spinal cells responding with an increased expression of Trk-B receptor protein to locomotor training
in adult rats

P-14

Yasunobu Itoh (Akita Univ.)
Adult dorsal root regeneration into the adult spinal cord: Enhancement by neurotrophic factors

P-15

Riyi Shi (Purdue Univ.)
Polyethylene glycol repairs mammalian spinal cord axons after mechanical injury

P-16

Giito Izuta (Yamagata Univ.)
Postural control on stable and unstable support surfaces: Use of different self-paced movement strategies

P-17

Mihai Tarata (Bucharest Univ.)
A new technique for measuring muscle activity: The accelerometer MMG

P-18

Carol Boliek (Univ.Arizona)
Postural control and speech breathing in young children with neuromotor disorders

P-19

Naomi Wada (Yamaguchi Univ.,)
Trunk movement in the cat: Level vs. upslope treadmill walking

P-20

Atsumichi Tachibana (NIPS)
Longitudinal study of the acquisition of operant-trained upright posture and bipedal locomotion by M. Fuscata

P-21

Futoshi Mori (NIPS)
Cerebral glucose metabolism during the bipedal locomotion of the Japanese monkey, M. Fuscata: A PET study299