脳機能の全容は巨大クロスワードの如く急速に解明されるかもしれない

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The great crossword: Potential for rapid progress in understanding the function of the entire brain
1,23,2,42

25,2,6

田和辻 可昌 , 布川 絢子 , 荒川 直哉 , 高橋 恒一, 山川 宏
5,2,6
3,2,4
2
1,22
Yoshimasa Tawatsuji , Ayako Fukawa , Naoya Arakawa , Koichi Takahashi, Hiroshi Yamakawa
1. 早稲田大学, 2. 全脳アーキテクチャ・イニシアティブ, 3. 理化学研究所, 4. 慶應義塾大学, 5. 東京大学, 6. 電気通信大学
1. Waseda University, 2. WBAI, 3. RIKEN, 4. Keio University, 5. The University of Tokyo, 6. The University of Electro-Communication

SummaryIntroduction••

Previous studies focus on particular regions of the brain to understand its functions
However, the functional decomposition approach [Yamakawa, 21] is also important in thatfunction of a brain region should be allocated from the entire brain function•SCID (Structure-Constrained Interface Decomposition) method [Yamakawa 21]••

The functional decomposition approach[Yamakawa, 21] is important in that function of abrain region should be allocated from the entire
brain function
In this approach, as the function allocation
proceeds,- The constraints on possible function allocation
pattern become stronger- The allocation problem becomes easier to besolved just like a crossword puzzle

Method for extracting the operating principles necessary to reproduce the cognitivebehavioral functions of the brain based on the reference architecture of the brain
1.
2.
3.

Anatomical structures around the brain region ofinterest (ROI) are investigated and registered as
Brain Information Flow (BIF)
A valid ROI and the top-level function (TLF) it
performs are determined
Possible HCDs (Hypothetical Component
Diagrams) are listed and HCDs that areinconsistent with scientific findings are
dismissed

The problem dealt in this method is quite similar with acrossword puzzle in the perspective of structureconstrained contents-allocating problem!

Correspondence between Crossword Puzzle Solving and Designing Reference Architecture of the Brain
Crossword puzzle

Reference Architecture of the Brain

Puzzle framework
Squares and blanks(Mesoscopic) Neural Structure
Brain regions and connections
Subfunctions(provided by functional decomposition)(Top level) Functions
Neural behavior(“What information each region codes”)

Structure
Contents

Letters allocated to each square

Clue for which contents to beallocatedWords
Clues(“across” and “down”)“Crossfunction” puzzle

In the latter part of problem solving,
allocating should rapidly progress••

Number of brain region with its
function uniquely allocated

The degree of freedom of
allocatable function

Allocatable contents for one structure get
restricted as the contents are allocated to theperipheral structure
At the point of the allocating progress, theallocatable contents drastically decreases
Number of allocated contents

Discussion

Functional composition problem

ROI and TLF is set from the HCDs creator’s own
perspective. It causes the problem of integration ofHCDs created separately. In this point, we would like todiscuss:
1. How should we determine ROI and its TLF?
2. Is it possible to integrate HCD created in a
distributed manner (see also: Functionalcomposition problem)?

References:
Yamakawa, H.: The whole brain architecture
approach: Accelerating the development ofartificial general intelligence by referring to
the brain, Neural Network, 144, 478-495(2021)••(Sub)functions of brain regions
are determined under thefunctional decomposition of TLF(e.g. horizontal saccade)However, it does not guaranteethat the function of a region
should be same if allocated bydecomposition of the higher
function (e.g. “eye movement”,or “(visual) attention”)

E.g. Eye movements

Functional structure

Anatomical structureThis work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP17H06315