Research Notes

The Normative Theory in the Infosphere
MAEDA Kunihiro
Digital Hollywood University, Graduate School, Professor

This paper comprehensively examines the formation of social norms and the construction of their foundations in the
Networked Reality (the infosphere), from the perspective of the metaphysics of information to the dimension of social
implementation. The purpose of this study is, and the discussion begins with the ethics and metaphysical question of
information as the starting point of what should be the better way of life and the place to live better in the infosphere.
Referring to A.N. Whitehead's ideas of human civilization and social civilization in his "Philosophy of Organism", his
paper uses the concept of the "cycle of good" model to identify ways to enable sustainable contributions to society
and improve human knowledge to a high-definition "world resolution".

1. Introduction.

our eyes with mathematical formulas. He conceived of the

In this paper, the author clarifies the significance of"philosophy of the organism" as a more concrete metaphysics

information ethics in the networked reality (hereinafter referredand sought to question not only his students but the world

to as the "infosphere") and consider what form and what roleat large about the worldview necessary for the impending"learning to live a better life," which is the original purpose

turning point of civilization. The message came to fruition inof ethics, can play in the contemporary infosphere. We will

1929 with his main work, "Process and Reality" [3] in whichthen discuss "what the infosphere should be," envision social

he described the cosmology he wanted to open the world's

norms for living a better life together with people living in theeyes to. This cosmology was the path to a "better world

same infosphere and examine normative theories for their(civilization)" that could be obtained by improving people's

implementation.

worldview (world resolution). In this essay, I would like toFirst, for the sake of sharing the philosophy of social

introduce the process of intersection between“A Virtuous ofnorms in the infosphere, I would like to introduce a part of

Cycle”model in the infosphere and Whitehead's "philosophy

philosopher Alan North Whitehead's worldview. At the ageof organism".

of 63, Whitehead took a break from writing the final volume

2. Fundamentals of Information Ethicsof Principia Mathematica, which he co-authored with his
close friend Bertrand Russell, and turned from mathematician

Luciano Floridi, a scholar who has proposed the concept

to philosopher, working on metaphysics (philosophy ofof the Infosphere and an authority on information ethics since

speculation), which was backward at the time. He also moved

computer ethics, is a scholar who addresses information

his education from Cambridge University in the U.K. to Harvard

ethics from a metaphysical perspective, positioning theBusiness School in the U.S., which had just been founded.

Infosphere as "a new environment worthy of moral attention

I would like to introduce a message that shows the reason

and capable of treating the people who inhabit it as an

why he pursued metaphysics while he was in a place to train

information organism in which to care for it, He positions it asbusiness managers, and to show that his metaphysics is aan ethical framework"［4］. His ethical argument is an ontology

practical study.

that respects the life of the entire Infosphere equally, and he"Today, humanity is in one of its rare moods to change its

advocates an entropy-saving and deep ecological philosophy

way of looking at things. Our task - as philosophers, students,

under the name of e-environmentalism.

and businessmen - is to recreate and redefine a worldview
that contains elements of reverence and order without It

The right figure (Figure1) isis to re-create and redefine a worldview that is thoroughly

called the RTP model, which

grounded in unyielding rationality. Such a worldview is themodels the behavior of moral

knowledge that Plato identified with virtue. [1]agents in the infosphere

Whitehead, who lost his youngest son Eric in World War I,

developed by Luciano

believed that the new direction of human evolution was not

Floridi. The circle in the left

civilization by "force" (war) as taught in Plato's "Timaeus" [2]figure is the infosphere, and2300 years earlier, but by "agreement through negotiation andthe moral agents (net users)

persuasion," or business. Furthermore, he had been working

in the sphere receive Info-

on not only mathematics but also early quantum theory, andResource (R), define thehis new goal was cosmology in the Greek philosophical sense.

target of their response as

His dissatisfaction with cutting-edge physics and mathematics

Info-Target (T), and output

was the limitation of the "study of things," the inability toInfo-Product (P) information. The beauty of this model is that it

explain the "here and now" or "everything" in the world before

is easy to classify and analyze the patterns and factors of moral©2023 Digital Hollywood University

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Figure1. RTP Model L.Floridi

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3. Living in the infospherereactions and immoral acts in the infosphere that occur in eachof (R), (T), and (P). variation and applied it to actual online

The Word is the house of being. In this abode man dwells.［5］"community interactions.

It was Heidegger who said.

For example, applied to Floridi's image, the ethical object

This term describes the process by which a human being(T) and ethical behavior (P) of the moral actor depend on

is actively involved in the infosphere and eventually becomesthe ethical accuracy and quantity of information resources

an integral part of it. In the case of the infosphere, people doavailable to the moral agent, which in turn determines ethicalnot buy a house for sale and live there. By transmitting useful

judgment and responsibility. This corresponds to intellectualism

information to others in a specific place and creating content

according to Socrates' argument. However, I have madethat serves as a starting point for interaction, a home issignificant modifications to the RPT model because I believe

created, and you live in that home. This is how the infospherethat even if the accuracy and quantity of information available

has developed. Therefore, words are not just words, but

to a single moral agent due to the Internet is dramaticallycontent that invites the sympathy of others, in other words,

improved in Floridi's RTP model, it is not applicable to thethe act of creatively spinning out words that create a home

circularity, database nature, and improvement of social norms

for oneself, opening and closing the door to find contact

as a knowledge community of multiple agents.

with others, leading to poetic human dwelling.

The figure on the right

One misuse of the word "home" that contributed to the(Figure 2) shows multiple

development of the Internet is the name homepage. As themoral agents communicating

homepage within a website was introduced in magazines as

in a bidirectional manner.

the cover of the website, it was mistakenly thought to beThis is the author's originalsynonymous with the website. Moreover, the meaning andmodel, which assumes thatvalue of "home" within the Internet must have been felt morea particular moral agent

attractive than that of "homepage" within personal website.

performs a moral act with

What added even more value to the website was the domaincompassion, care, andname. It is a unique identifier in the sense that it is the only

affection for another moral

one of its kind in the world, and it is also valuable as anagent. See Chapter 5.
The figure on the righte-mail address. Initially they were just addresses attributed to

Figure2. Duolex RTP Model
MAEDA.Kunihiro

countries or professions, but now they are brands. Do these(Figure 3) illustrates an RTP

now exist as poetically human "homes"?

model that incorporates

Here again, borrowing from Heidegger's words, "We musttime and vector elements in

begin by learning to live," I would like to consider the meaning

the individual infospheres.

of having a home in the infosphere and learn to "live" in

I n t e r e s t i n g l y, t h e m o r a l

it again. First, to live in the infosphere is to have a stableagent will move both in time

Internet connection, good human relations, no shortage ofand space with bidirectional

daily topics of conversation, hobbies, and places to study,

exchanges in the infosphere,

and to maintain a sense of comfort in both the real world andthus broadening his or her

virtual space at the same time. What is even more important ishuman vision (here calledthat it functions as a place for creative activities that nurturea person's identity, in other words, <living in a poetic way> isresolution). By Socratic

Figure3. Moral Life Log
with RTP Model

logic, the more human

MAEDA.Kunihirothat does not ensure privacy due to insecurity, harassment

the thought world or world

realized. In other words, depending on the individual, a placevision and knowledge we expand the more morally correctfrom noisy neighbors, or noisy noise is not desirable. In thedecisions we will be able to make. For further possibilities,

next chapter, the auther will consider what constitutes a goodsee Chapter 7.

environment and a comfortable place in the infosphere.

However, since the infosphere has no map or center, it is

4. Good and Circulation in the Infosphere

almost entirely dependent on chance to determine where andhow these interactions occur. This is because even though

The auther believe that "goodness" in the infosphere is a

we are talking about an information society, we have not evenstate in which information that is meaningful or pleasant toaccumulated half a century of history, culture, and customs as

one's life is flowing like clear air. Moreover, it is importanta society. Therefore, the public sphere (media effect) is finallythat the information flows through the infosphere as food for

created when an aggregation eff ect such as social media islife that can be shared by everyone and does not belong

generated with real human relationships as the starting point,

to anyone else. This can be compared to air in terms of its

and the starting point of individual interests is networked

composition ratio, purity, and efficiency of oxygen and carbon

with other interests, becoming the center of multifaceted

dioxide exchange.

movement and its range of activities, in other words, the place

First of all, good air is free of dust and dirt, and that iswhere people stay the longest and communicate the most.

how semiconductor manufacturing sites are chosen. The

Communities, groups, creative spaces, and exhibition spaces

composition of the air, especially the ratio of oxygen (20.8%),

have become places where users interact with each other.

is important to humans, and even the slightest change in

Therefore, we would like to consider the value (=goodness) of

this ratio can lead to illnesses such as altitude sickness andthe infosphere that such <places> possess.

carbon monoxide poisoning and can even endanger lives. In©2023 Digital Hollywood University

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the same way, the content of the communication infrastructure

forcing us to make decisions about our actions and the objects

can be compared to the stability of society: urgent messages,of right and wrong, and the number of such experiences maypractical communication, entertainment and chatter, andgenerate numerous virtuous or immoral events and mental

malicious information such as fake news and scams. However,ups and downs, depending on the person, creating a kindexcessive bias can cause social chaos. The value of air andof wave in the infosphere, and creating a kind of harmonic

its limiting nature can also be better understood by counting

or dissonant noise in concert with others. The number ofthe number of times it is used. We breathe 20,000 to 30,000

experiences may generate several virtuous or vicious events

times a day and breathe air 700 to 800 million times in ourand ups and downs of mental images and may generate a kind

lifetime. Similarly, the value of goodness in the infosphere canof wave in the infosphere, creating chords in harmony with

only be maintained through sustained breathing and smoothothers, or noise in dissonance. The characteristic feature offlow of information in the infosphere.

the social norm of information ethics that becomes clear here

For example, Lao Tzu compares the highest good (summum

is that the individual infospheres are somehow connected, andbonum) to water in the phrase "the highest good is like water."through their interaction, this wave is transmitted, synthesized,

If the highest good could be compared to anything, it would

amplified, or attenuated, and interrupts the "thought world"

be water. Water itself does not seek to benefit itself. On theof the infosphere of others. In other words, there is as muchcontrary, it stays in the low places that everyone avoids,

noise in the home of the infosphere as in the real world, andunobtrusively enriching all things and obeying the laws of

its ups and downs include not only differences of opinion, butnature. Satisfied with his place, quiet as a clear abyss, merciful

also moral differences, defamation, privacy, politics, religion,

to his friends, trusting in his word, and righteous in government,

and all kinds of quarrels. A recent symbolic event is what is

he will not seek to gain any profit for himself, but to enrich all

called "Selective News Avoidance". In short, the public's

things, and to follow the laws of nature. Work is done efficiently

tolerance for viewing large amounts of depressing incidents,

and time is not wasted. Great waters are in harmony with allaccidents, and unfortunate news is weakening. Alternatively,

things, there is no conflict, and no one is to be blamed.［6］the scope of active information regulations can no longer keep

These words not only express how the properties of water

up with the processing capacity of the information demanded,

represent the state of human virtue, but also make explicit

and this flood of information is no longer a good for thethat the ethics of the entire informational sphere is like water,

infosphere.

or air. They are abundant before our eyes, but in a sense,

Information was originally created based on the workings

they are invisible and transparent. The air (liveliness, security,of man's being placed in the world and becoming the focus

cleanliness, etc.) that is indispensable to everyone, yet flowsof the world's self-forming action at each moment, in a way

as a lubricant in the world for the benefit of the whole, andthat is causally and materially limited and limits itself to anenriches the human body and mind, is the very social norm inobjectivistic concept." ［9］the infosphere.

It is desirable to have "social norms in the infosphere" as anNow, to make this norm more <concrete>, I would like

acceptable range of calm and stormy waves, musical chords,

to calculate backwards from the amount of information thatand noises. While there is a need for security information

can be input to humans from the outside world to see how

simply for self-preservation, for a better way of life, at the very

many decisions and how much time we have in our lives. To

least, it is the "peace" of humankind to have quiet in one's

begin with, the amount of information that humans receive

infosphere and to avoid needless ruffling of feathers. If mostfrom the outside world through their sensory organs is saidof the Internet's business is in the business of excessively

to be about 11 million bits per second, mainly images anddemanding other people's attention and forcing uselesssounds. However, the amount of information that reaches

information on them, then restructuring the media of the

our consciousness through our nerves is only 126 bits per

infosphere should be one of the most important priorities.

second, and the difference in information that we can perceive
is limited to 1/18 of a second. In other words, within the limit

5. The Virtuous Cycle in "PatientLikeMe"of 126 bits per second and the resolution of active action of, the RTP model operates repeatedly,

PatientsLikeMe(https://www.patientslikeme.com/) is a freeand human civilization (cultural creation) and humanservice that combines real-name public social media with acivilization are opened up. Compared to the abundance andcollective knowledge database to share the nursing process ofpermanence of air and water, how limited life is!

patients with incurable diseases and their caregivers and families.

［7］

1/18th of a second

Man is placed in a world of his own, and as he limits

In this advanced web service, the older brother Jamie

himself, limited by it, he is in irreplaceable uniqueness. In(Moral Agent), a computer science student at MIT, took hiseach moment of limiting himself while being limited by it -younger brother Stephen (Target), who is suffering from ALS

where man is in irreplaceable uniqueness with others - man is in(Resource), out to the pool (Product), where Stephen, who is

face-to-face contact with God, and these moments are passing

paralyzed from the head down, was The feeling of happiness

into the next, and the world, in this moment-to-moment

felt by Stephen, who is paralyzed from the head down, can betransition, is moving forward creatively and continuously

recorded as data in the infosphere. The figure below shows

toward so-called civilization through the medium of man's

the expression of negative emotions when the trial of lithium
administration, which was expected to prolong ALS patients'［8］

limited-immediate-perpetual-limited work."

lives, failed to show results. It is a community that does notThat is to say, within the constraints of this world, every

impose itself on anyone.

event in our lives demands immediate moral judgment of us,©︎2023 Digital Hollywood University

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Note that (Figure 4) is an extended and modified version of
the RTP model to represent the emotional connection, which
the auther refer to here as the "Virtuous Cycle" diagram. Whatis interesting about this system is that it is an interface anddatabase that allows us to understand (empathize with) thepatient's "right to self-determination" and "informed consent"
regarding what kind of treatment to receive, as well as thepatient's level of happiness regarding "treatment" and "care"that cannot be provided unless the doctor or nurse has a
special feeling for them, not by numbers or their statistics,
but with background information. The database is an interface
and database that allows us to understand (empathize) withbackground information, rather than numbers and statistics.
The auther envision building a system like "PatientsLikeMe"that facilitates the sharing of knowledge about caring for andcaring for others, even without special expertise in the field.
However, a new social media platform (a digital twin linked
to the real world) is needed to address a number of social
issues that are currently covering the world. The "smart
city" is a non-physical smart city that aims to solve issues
such as regional revitalization and the aging of society withfewer children, as well as a foundation model for a crossdisciplinary, specialized community.

Figure4. Virtuous Cycle Diagram"PatientsLikeMe"

6. Implementation of Information EthicalPrincipled Knowledge

small act of consideration between friends or family members
is an altruistic act, such as giving directions to someone who

Altruistic algorithms are aimed at two directions of machineasks for directions or giving up your seat to an elderly person.

learning recommendation engines, i.e., organic (similar

The "altruistic algorithm" here is a mechanism of collective

to the kindness and compassion with which moral humanknowledge that provides Steven-like (another patient with abeings behave in the real world) rather than either partial orcommon background) with necessary information with muchtotal optimization. Jamie invited Steven to the pool because

sympathy and empathy. What the auther is aiming for is ahe wanted to make Steven feel as if he were floating in themechanism to share know-how, successes, failures, news, andpool water of his own volition, as if he could no longer moveother relevant information arising from cases of all kinds ofhis body from the neck down. This is one of those ideas

social problems, as well as information that fits a specific target

that altruistic algorithms output, an idea of casual kindness(persona) and background information (context). In addition,and love that has been vetted for the benefit of others. But

by linking with the community, the "altruistic algorithm" is not

sometimes it works, and sometimes it doesn't; Steven may

just a recommendation engine, but also combines human

cry because he has bitter or sweet memories of the pool, or"reasoned" context and "empathetic information" and uses

he may be devastated that his body will never be able to swim

the algorithm as an adjunct to a recommendation engine byagain. Therefore, let this case be a special success story.

human hands in a way that was considered difficult in machine

However, altruistic acts need not always be inspiring. Even alearning.

©2023 Digital Hollywood University

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The algorithm is not complex but is based on the Socratic
principle of (information-ethical) subjectivism, which statesthat the more information available, the more morally correct
the decision. If humans can increase the accuracy of
information through the multiple perspectives accumulatedon the platform, and if they have creative perspectives whileremaining confined to the limited world of what Whiteheadcalls "seeing with the eyes," the resolution of the world will
become more precise, humans will acquire previously unseen
information, and better social norms will be fostered. We
can do this. I believe, as does Whitehead, that humans arecapable of doing just that. In the next chapter, I will describe
this concept and examine its versatility and availability.

7. Technology that raises the resolution of theworld and fosters norms
The most distinctive research result of this paper is that the

Figure6. Virtuous Cycle “World Resolution”
MAEDA,Kunihiro

unidirectional nature of Floridi's RTP model is crossed withthe sustainable circular community model and multi-layered,bringing it closer to the realization of a“virtuous cycle" withFor example, a young person about to become a parent fora multi-loop "world resolution" that goes beyond "seeing withthe first time will see a children's clothing brand or a toy store,

the eyes" rather than subjectivity as an individual moral vieweven if he or she is walking down the same shopping street as

The "virtuous cycle" is in the following.

the former you say and will see things from a perspective that
did not catch his or her eye before, such as the height andstride of the child. This perspective will also look at children
from a third-party perspective (poverty-stricken children inother countries or the world situation surrounding refugee
children fleeing the ravages of war). This diversification ofperspectives and expansion of horizons, which we refer tohere as "world resolution," encourages people to connect
their actions to the "ethical good".
Specifically, these abilities are refined with each experience,and by concentrating on specific knowledge in library andInternet searches, peripheral and specialized information
becomes easier to see (and obtain). Furthermore, this ability
is further refined through intellectual exchanges with third

Figure5. Virtuous Cycle& FlyWheel
Amazon.com

parties, which mutually enlighten and enlighten each other,and deepen the relationship of empathy and trust. Theseexperiences, accompanied by various feelings and emotions,

Coincidentally, the Virtuous Cycle is the name of thefamous business model of Amazon[10]

accumulate in the collective knowledge as the stories and, one of the world's

know-how of a completely different third party. This is the way

leading high-tech companies. However, its meaning is "theto verify "truth (scientific and accurate knowledge, justicecycle of good (booming business)," not "the cycle of virtue.

without prejudice or misunderstanding)" for what Whitehead

Nevertheless, the goods that are distributed are still the foodcalls "civilization," and only when a correct view of things isof life, be it human virtue, food, or water, and if human are

established can truth, goodness, and beauty be recognized.

to make the Infosphere a better place, we should refer to theresults of this highly efficient circulation model. The beauty of

8. Normative Theory in the Infospheremodeling lies in its availability, its scalability, and its ability to

Earlier the auther mentioned that the ethos of the infospherebe tried and tested even when goals change.

is like water and air. In the early days of the Internet, thespirit of autonomy, decentralization, and collaboration createdserendipity and supported the foundation of the Internet.
The spirit of open source played a role in smoothing therelationship of human ethics (altruism), as people tookpleasure in knowledge and emergence that was useful toothers in a shady way as their own. Today, however, theinfosphere is dominated by the capitalist market, wherepreviously free assets (users' public content) are used almost
for free to train search engines and artificial intelligence, and©2023 Digital Hollywood University

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everyone (even judges) use those tools daily, even companies

And Whitehead gives only one example of an ethicaland services that are subject to monopolistic regulation. Whilemeans. It is the need for "adventure. He says that it is

not questioning here the legitimacy of its enormous revenues

ethical to die to self and live to others, and that it is theand market oligopoly, Hayek pointed out the imperfections ofadventurous act of doing so for the sake of others that is

this digital capitalist market, defending the three shortcomings

ethical. This is one of the five necessary elements of humanpointed out by David Hume "A Treatise of Human Nature", as"civilization," and it is here that the ethical good is realized. ［13］follows.

9. Natural law of the infosphere(a) Individuals are different human values and beliefs of

Natural law, which has its roots in Greek philosophy andlimited toleration (Limited toleration), which differ fromis separate from actual law, holds that the basic principles

person to person and society to society, and therefore,of morality and justice are inherent in nature, as in all otherrespect for individual diversity and a tolerant society arelife, and that man can attain these laws through the power

important elements that support a free market economy.

of his reason. It has been reinterpreted in modern times
by many philosophers, including Grotius, Hobbes, Locke,(b) Imperfect knowledge and desires (Imperfect knowledge

Hume, and Kant.

and desires) also stated that people do not have perfect

Later, universal content was incorporated into constitutions,information about the market, making it difficult for them topractical rules became substantive and customary law, andmake appropriate economic decisions, and that it is bestwith the establishment of parliamentary democracy, the legal

to leave the decision-making to the spontaneous decisions

basis faded away, being transformed into a philosophy ofof individuals with individual knowledge.

law, natural law theory. However, The Natural Law suddenly
made its presence felt at the Nuremberg Tribunal and at the(c) Scarcity of means to end, He pointed out the need toTokyo Trials as "Higher Law," where it became the basis forassume that economic activities and decisions will always

the establishment of "crimes against peace," "crimes against

be subject to scarcity because of the constraints on thehumanity," and "war crimes" by appealing to the past. In thismeans and resources people must achieve their respective

sense, a "legal vacuum" regarding crimes of an unforeseen

desires.

war scale would be a possible problem, especially in theinfosphere (e.g., artificial intelligence weapons).

To resolve these issues, the economist Hayek, although a

For example, the economist Frederick Hayek worked in later

proponent of capitalism and liberalism, believed that economic

years to conceive and test the concept of an "autogenous

theory could not solve these problems. He interpretedorder" based on his own interpretation of the Natural Law tonatural law in his own way, and from the perspective of social

protect democracy from corruption. This concept seems anphilosophy, he proposed a bottom-up legal order, which heideal approach in that it is compatible with Internet culture,

called "autogenous order," to ensure equality and equity inreforms the dysfunction of international law across the realsociety. Whitehead also offered harsh criticism of the evils of

law of nations, and democratically prevents the corruption ofindividual and social conventions.

authority. Of course, we know that it has the same limitations
as the United Nations, the Security Council, and international

I. Good people of narrow sympathies - A.N.

Whiteheadlaw, but could we not see the infosphere as a "Leviathan"Successful in certain fields, comfortable in a stable world,

and apply it to the control of specific cybercrimes that haveself-righteous with narrow sympathies, obsessed with self-

significant common interests across political systems?

preservation, intolerant, and extremely evil.［11］Hobbes' Leviathan attempts a modernized clarificationof natural law, which dates back to Greek times and is

II. Change with a great society, not a great man."- A.N.

separated from religion, with the most famous principle of self-

Whitehead

preservation as its first section. Most of the content of natural

The harshness (poverty and inequality) of civilized society

law in only 11 chapters is also applicable to the right to thebrought about by liberal beliefs requires, under democratic

pursuit of happiness, which is guaranteed in international

principles, mitigating measures such as welfare policies andhuman rights law and other international laws and in thesocial programs. The question then, which civilized society

constitutions of various countries. Leviathan is described as anwants to address, is how to produce a great society, not how

artificial state with strong authority, but what exactly it refers

to produce a great people.

to is not noted by Hobbes. Because of its ambiguity, it was
the subject of an inquisition by the kingly national church andIII. Cross-disciplinary collaboration and cross-interest

condemned by parliament as a defense of absolute monarchy.

communication - A.N. Whitehead

Yet it is this multifaceted, intangible, and immense power that

The challenge is to construct a worldview that includes

seems to be the new Leviathan, filling the legal vacuum in the"elements such as awe and order" and is "grounded in

informational sphere and making the rule of law a reality. It isunyielding rationality" for various people with different

also a milestone in the re-modernization of natural law thatspecialties to collaborate and achieve a deeper level ofdeserves to be the catalyst for a change in the status quo

communication that transcends their personal interests. ［12］of international law, which is considered ineffective, because
otherwise the legal order of the networked globe would admit©︎2023 Digital Hollywood University

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of a gradual regression by the decentralization of its authority.

vision by a great individual. It is the establishment of social

Specifically, private companies have recently been issuing

platforms (socialization and knowledge exchange) in the true

unique IDs on the Internet by means of iris recognition.

sense of the word.

Basically, the purpose is to verify if a person is a real person

It is important to note that as man is placed in his own

or not through a camera when accessed remotely, but suchworld, and as he limits himself while being limited bya function could be converted into an oath or voting function

it - where man is in irreplaceable uniqueness - man isfor a strong artificial Leviathan in the infosphere. If the United

constantly moving forward creatively in these moment-

Nations fails to reach consensus on a permanent Security

to-moment transitions. In other words, the limits of life

Council, and if the relevant countries exercise their veto

are given as destiny, a creative opportunity for self-

power, we will have a situation in which the nuclear powers willtransformation and self-identity.［14］not be able to avoid war, and we will again be unable to avoid

In this sense, the worldview of artificial intelligence, which

what Whitehead worried about a hundred years ago (the use

relates entities in the world in a <probabilistic statistical>of nuclear weapons, which Russell and Einstein blamed onmanner, is incompatible with a metaphysical worldview that

the United States after the war). We will not be able to avoid

cannot be described by mathematical formulas, and withagain what Whitehead worried about a hundred years ago.

Actual Entity, which has a meaningful relationship witheverything in the world. Therefore, the challenge of our time

1 0 . C o n c l u s i o n : To w a r d t h e R e a l i z a t i o n o f
Social Norms in the Inforsphereis not to realize the "good" as it is by advancing information
technology, but to "re-create and redefine the worldview" byAs we have already seen, Whitehead envisioned theviewing the infosphere as a new world, and the reconstruction

realization of a dual structure in which man is placed in hisof a moral platform as a social norm should be given theown world by the "philosophy of organism" and createshighest priority.
In this paper, the authernewness in a way that limits himself while being limited byhave examined a model that

it, thereby acquiring "truth (scientific knowledge)," "art (thesupports the realization of human creative activity and ethicalability to express true beauty)," "ethics (ethical goodness

good by improving "world resolution" so as to climb one more

= altruistic adventure)," and " He envisioned the realization

step further and further up the civilization of humanity and theof a dual structure that would produce new creations in theworld that Whitehead aimed for. Given the many crises (i.e.,

world in a limited, immediate, and capable manner. In otherapocalypse) that humanity is currently facing, it is imperative

words, he dreamed of the civilization of mankind and thethat the Infosphere become more ethical and build a sharedworld through the cyclic re-creation of mankind and the world,social norm that transcends nation, race, and religion.

which would evolve without the use of war. 100 years later,in the current international political climate, which once again

Acknowledgments

looks like the eve of World War II, it is clear that the dream ofThis paper is based on the findings of a client with whomthe "world" is not only for scientists, but also for all people,

the author collaborated on the development of "Interest

our task remains the same: "to re-create and redefine aSpace," a service conceived in Japan in 2001 and operated

worldview thoroughly grounded in unyielding rationality,

in collaboration with staff and users for the next 14 years as

containing elements of piety and order without whicha pioneering example of social media. I would like to take thissociety would be in chaos."

opportunity to express my gratitude to all parties involved.

Whitehead equated these intellectual endeavors with what
Plato calls virtue, but it would be difficult to make a modern

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