Report on Turkey-Syria Earthquakes
Basic Information
Occurrence Date:
Magnitude:
Epicenter:

06 February 2023
7.8
Nurdağı, Gaziantep Province, Turkey
TurkeySyria

Source ofinformation

Est. No. Of People Killed~51,000~4,500

STL / WV

Est. No. Of People Injured~107,000~10,400

STL / WV

Est. No. Of People Homeless~1.5 Million~5.3 Million

USGS

Est. Economic Damage~100 Billion
USD~5.1 Billion
USD

USGS

Sources: (USGS, 2023) (STL, 2023) (WV, 2023)
Figure 1. Epicenter map of the Turkey-Syria Earthquakes (Source)

GLIDE Number: EQ-2023-000015-TUR
ADRC Report
6th September 2023

GLIDE Number: EQ-2023-000015-SYR

STL: Support to LifeWV: World Vision
USGS: United States Geological Survey

Background• Turkey joined ADRC in 2018 with AFAD (Disaster and Emergency
Management Presidency under the Ministry of Interior, (Source)
as counterpart• On 6 February 2023, ADRC (on behalf of AFAD) made anemergency observation request at Sentinel Asia: (Source)• On the same day, Sentinel Asia activated the request, andemergency observation satellite images were made available
online: (Source)• ADRC issued a GLIDE number for the earthquakes in Turkey(EQ-2023-000015-TUR) as well as for the earthquakes in Syria(EQ-2023-000015-SYR) so that all information of this event areintegrated• On 11 March 2023, preliminary data on the impacts werepresented at the Asian Conference on Disaster Reduction(ACDR2022) – an annual event organized by ADRC – in Sendai,Japan©Google Map
Figure 2. Turkey Earthquakes, 6 February 2023 (Sentinel Asia, 2023)(Source)

Asian Disaster Reduction Center2Tectonic Summary• The initial assessment of the earthquake's
location situates it near a triple-junction wherethe Anatolia, Arabia, and Africa plates
converge.
• The earthquake's characteristics and positionalign with two potential fault zones: the EastAnatolia fault zone or the Dead Sea transform
fault zone.

• The East Anatolia fault zone facilitates thewestward movement of Turkey into theAegean Sea, while the Dead Sea Transform
fault zone accommodates the northward shiftof the Arabian Peninsula relative to the Africa
and Eurasia plates.

Source: USGS, 2023 – Story Map
Source: USGS, 2023 – Event Page

Asian Disaster Reduction Center3

Emergency Observation Satellite Imageries
Satellite imageries of the 2023
Earthquakes in Turkey can beviewed and downloaded on theSentinel Asia website.
71 products (analyzed map) and 107
satellite images are provided by
Sentinel Asia members (as ofSeptember the 6th 2023)

satellite images(Source)

Asian Disaster Reduction Center4

Utilization of satellite imageries for disaster response
MBRSC

Chiba University

products (analyzed map)
(Source)
Asian Disaster Reduction Center5

Initial Assessment• The earthquake occurred closeto the border between Turkeyand Syria.
• In Turkey, it was initiallyassessed that 10 out of 81
provinces were affected bythe earthquakes.

Source: DG-ECHO

Asian Disaster Reduction Center6

Disaster Response in Turkey
Disaster Damages● 11,020 after shocks.
●●●●Death ∼ 51,000 Injury ∼ 107,000∼2 million people have been evacuatedDisaster shelters 358,037 tent cities 332points
Container city installation 10 provinces, 162 points

Sources:
Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD) Press Briefing No.36
Support to Life, Emergency Situation Report, 17.08.2023

Asian Disaster Reduction Center7International Humanitarian Assistance● Quick request for International
Humanitarian Assistance from AFAD to
UNDAC for USAR (1 hour after of the firstearthquake)● Quick coordination with internationalcommunity● 16 February 2023 Flash Appeal

FLASH APPEAL

https://en.afad.gov.tr/
Asian Disaster Reduction Center8

Situation Report as of 30th of August 2023
• The government of Turkey has as of the 17th of August ended
its state of emergency. The initial state of emergency was set
to three months, and ended on May 6th but was then deemednecessary for further extension. Sources based on findings,from local authorities in Turkey, state that approx. 51.000people, including 7.300 foreign nationals, lost their lives to theearthquake.
• In sequence to the end of Turkey’s state of emergency themulti-stakeholder Relief efforts have begun to phase out
response efforts and have commenced with Transitioning tothe recovery phase. The Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan(3RP), led by UNDP & UNHCR, along with future recovery
plans, are currently being reviewed for implementation.
SourceAsian Disaster Reduction Center9Steps towards recovery•••As outlined in the Türkiye Post-Disaster Recovery Plan (TASIP)
developed by AFAD, individuals impacted by the disaster will reside in
temporary shelter areas for a maximum of 2 years. For households
eligible for permanent housing or those receiving housing loans due tothe disaster, evacuation from temporary shelter areas will occur within
30 days. This plan is expected to be implemented by the end of thecurrent year.
Additionally, the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization, and Climate
Change has announced the completion of the tender process forapproximately 180,000 permanent residences and village homes across
11 provinces, with construction already underway. The earthquakeaffected regions have seen the destruction or significant damage toaround 280,000 buildings, including hospitals and social service centers.
However, it is estimated that 90% of those displaced by the earthquake
disaster still reside in temporary settlement areas.

Support to Life, Emergency Situation Report, 17.08.2023

Asian Disaster Reduction Center

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Steps towards recovery
Out phasing of temporary tented sites - as of 31.08.23.

••••

Kahramanmaraş: No formal tented sites left, reportedly 51 container sites, hosting approximately 75,000people (61,721 Turkish citizens and around 14,000 Syrian Temporary Protection beneficiaries in TAC).
Information about rural areas and individual containers is missing.
Adıyaman: No formal tented sites are left, and relocations have been made to Bebek TAC, located 20KM
from the city. Although transportation was supposed to be provided, field observations suggest this hasn'talways been the case. The site's readiness is also a concern, with only 2 hours of electricity reported. Thereare 49 container sites in the latest reports, hosting 59,501 people, with 37,466 individuals in containers nearhomes or in rural areas.
Malatya: There are no formal tented sites remaining despite initial plans to remove informal tent sites by theend of August. Around 40 informal sites are still in use, and they are likely to continue until capacity atcontainer sites is reached. Expansion is ongoing at Beydağı TAC and Yeni Hayat container site, which are thedesignated destinations for those still in informal sites. AFAD reports 65 container cities, with a total plan for73, currently hosting 99,427 people in container sites, and an additional 22,099 individuals in individualcontainers near homes or in rural areas.
Hatay: There are 16 formal tented sites remaining, housing 10,378 people (7,791 foreign nationals and 8,947
with low damage to homes). Plans include over 215 container sites, with ongoing closures and expansions.
Currently, 152,442 people are in container sites, and 10,391 individuals are in containers near homes or inrural areas.

SourceAsian Disaster Reduction Center11

Steps towards equitable recovery••

Women are often identified as vulnerable groups postdisasters, they often rely on male income due to limited preearthquake workforce participation, primarily handling unpaid
caregiving and household duties. Equitable recovery efforts
have been made to prioritize women, including those in rural
areas and with disabilities.
Women-owned businesses in the earthquake-affected area
faced significant disruptions. A rapid assessment by UN
Women and KAGİDER found that a month after theearthquake, 88% of women entrepreneurs experienced
business disruptions, with 50% unable to resume due to issues
like building damage and equipment loss. Their top needs
were grants (25%), human resources (18%), and equipment(16%). Moreover, 70% reported increased caregiving
responsibilities for dependents post-earthquake.

Support to Life, Emergency Situation Report, 17.08.2023

Asian Disaster Reduction Center12

Initial Disaster Response Fund
After the earthquake, an initialfund of 87 billion Turkish Lira(TRY) was earmarked from theemergency appropriation torespond to emergency
expenditures of public agencies
including particularly, AFAD,MoEUCC, and MoAF.
It is appropriated under Law
No.2935 on State of Emergency
Source: Strategy and Budget Office (SBO) of theTurkish Presidency

Asian Disaster Reduction Center13

Preliminary Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA)
The Government of Turkey collaborated with the United Nations
Development Programme (UNDP), the World Bank, and the EuropeanUnion (EU) in preparing a preliminary PDNA for a donor conference
for the people of Türkiye and Syria on 20 March 2023.
PDNA covered the following sectors:• Social sectors (i.e., housing, education, culture, and health)• Infrastructure sectors (i.e., water & sanitation services, energy,transportation, and communication)• Economic sectors (i.e., agriculture, mining, manufacturing, andtourism)• Cross-cutting sectors (i.e., employment & social protection, andenvironment)
The document, “Turkiye Earthquakes Recovery and Reconstruction
Assessment” is available online:

Asian Disaster Reduction Center

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Estimated Total Funding Needs based on the PDNA

https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Turkiye-Recovery-and-Reconstruction-Assessment.pdf
Asian Disaster Reduction Center

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Frequently
Asked
Questionsabout the 2023
Earthquakes inTurkey
USGS compiled the following FAQs toprovide quick basic answers to manyquestions about the earthquakes, andcan be accessed online:

Asian Disaster Reduction Center16