CONTENTSINTRODUCTORY NOTE...............................................................................................v
WORK PRODUCT OF THE 122ND
INTERNATIONAL TRAINING COURSE“The Effective Administration of Criminal Justice to Tackle Trafficking in
Human Beings and Smuggling of Migrants”
Visiting Experts’ Papers• The Global Challenge of Human Trafficking & Smuggling
by Mr. Farooq Azam (IOM) ....................................................................................3• The United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in
Persons, Especially Women and Children: A Tool for Criminal Justice Personnel
by Ms. Natalia Ollus (Finland) ...........................................................................16• Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Air and Sea,
Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized
Crime: A Tool for Criminal Justice Personnel
by Ms. Natalia Ollus (Finland) ...........................................................................31• The Effective Administration of Criminal Justice to Tackle Trafficking in Human
Beings and Smuggling of Migrants
by Mr. Hamish McCulloch (Interpol) ..................................................................44• Assessing the Involvement of Organised Crime in Human Smuggling andTraffickingby Mr. Hamish McCulloch (Interpol) ..................................................................55• The Effective Administration of Criminal Justice to Tackle Trafficking in Human
Beings and Smuggling of Migrants in India
by Ms. Deepa Mehta (India) ................................................................................60• The Present Situation of the United States Relating to Trafficking in Human
Beings and Smuggling of Migrants
by Mr. Richard L. Hoffman (U.S.A.)....................................................................70• Effective Countermeasures Against the Trafficking in Human Beings andSmuggling of Migrants
by Mr. Richard L. Hoffman (U.S.A.)....................................................................80• International Cooperation in Combating Trafficking in Human Beings andSmuggling of Migrants
by Mr. Severino H. Gana, Jr. ...............................................................................94• Forced Migration and Refugees’ Rights
by Dr. Diego Rosero (UNHCR)...........................................................................104iii

Participants’ Papers•Beijing Border Control of the Entry and Exit Administration
by Mr. Man Ju You (China) ...............................................................................109•The Effective Administration of Criminal Justice to Tackle Trafficking in HumanBeings and Smuggling of Migrants: Situation and Solutions in the Context of Nepal
by Mr. Kiran Paudel (Nepal)..............................................................................116•Trafficking in Women and Children and Smuggling of Migrants
by Ms. Narcisa H. Guevarra (Philippines)........................................................125•The Effective Administration of Criminal Justice to Tackle Trafficking in HumanBeings and Smuggling of Migrants in Thailand
by Mr. Pongson Kongtreekaew (Thailand) ........................................................137
Reports of the Course•Trafficking in Human Beings, Especially Women and Childrenby Group 1 ..........................................................................................................154•The Effective Administration of Criminal Justice to Tackle the Smuggling ofMigrants
by Group 2 ..........................................................................................................167•International Cooperation Against Human Trafficking and Smuggling ofMigrants
by Group 3 ..........................................................................................................181
APPENDIX ...................................................................................................................191

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