REVERBERATIONSOF OCTOBER 7

Mobilization against genocide undeterredby peak anti-palestinian repression

Cover design and illustration by Josh MacPhee.
Report layout and graphic design by Elias Ayoub.

reverberations of october 7

Mobilization against genocide undeterredby peak anti-palestinian repression

contents
2
8
12
23
27
30
36
41
43
48
50

Introduction
Unprecedented Mobilization
Higher Education: A Crackdown on
Student Activism
DoxingWorkplace Discrimination
Criminalization, Physical Violence,
and Threats
Censorship
Primary and Secondary Education
Legislation
Conclusion
Endnotes

2

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Introduction
Palestine activism in 2023 was defined by one date—October
7. The Al Aqsa Flood operation on that day and the USbacked Israeli genocide of Palestinians in Gaza that followed
have forever changed the landscape of Palestine, the region,and the solidarity movement in the US and globally. Becauseof this, Palestine Legal is focusing our annual report on trends
in repression in the period of October 7 through December
2023.

The National March on Washington: Free Palestine on November 4, 2023.
Photo Credit: Omar Suleiman

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

3

In the months after the onset of Israel’s genocidal
campaign, hundreds of thousands of people
mobilized in the streets, at their workplaces,
and on campuses across the country in supportof Palestinian liberation and to demand apermanent ceasefire and an end to US support
for Israel. This came alongside a drastic shift in
the popular narrative on Palestinian rights andfreedom, as people increasingly affirm the rightof Palestinians and their allies to oppose Zionist
settler colonialism.

In response to this upsurgeof mobilization, state andinstitutional actors launched
an unprecedented, McCarthyite
campaign of anti-Palestinian
repression targeting thesolidarity movement in the US
in an attempt to criminalize
dissent and censor proPalestine speech and advocacy.
The tools used to attack the Palestine movement inthis period were not new. Over the previous decade,
Palestine Legal documented and responded tothe efforts of Israel and its lobby groups to meetthe growing solidarity for the Palestinian causewith racist attacks. After October 7, however, as
Israel escalated its assault on Gaza and attacks on
Palestinians in the occupied West Bank, Zionist
groups’ targeting of the Palestine solidarity
movement also escalated dramatically to thwart
criticism of Israel’s actions and maintain US
support. Palestinians seeking to narrate their

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

4experience and protest the genocide of their people, alongwith their allies engaged in political dissent, were relentlessly
smeared as antisemites and terrorists. Attempts to purge
them from universities, schools, companies, and government
institutions alike reached unfathomable proportions, as thisreport documents.

Reports of Targeting for
Palestine Advocacy
1250

1,037

1000

750

500

214

250

The data shared here reflect
only what was reported toor documented by Palestine
Legal, and the stories included
represent only a fraction ofincidents reported. Other civilrights organizations similarly
reported
exponential
increases in intakes,1 andmany more incidents go
unreported.

Palestine Legal received a
total of 1,037 requests forfull year
Oct 7-Dec 31
2022
2023
legal support from October
7 through December 31,
including 908 reports from people targeted for their Palestine
advocacy, and 119 other legal questions and inquiries fromconcerned activists. The high volume of reports has continued
into 2024. This compares to around 214 reported incidents inall of 2022.
0

Of those reports, 478 were related to universities, whereadministrators engaged in a staggering crackdown on
student organizing, banning pro-Palestine student groups
and targeting student organizers. An additional 383 reports
involved employment concerns, as employers targeted—
and in 124 cases reported to Palestine Legal, terminated—
employees who expressed support for Palestinian rights.

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Across arenas, attempts byZionist groups and individuals
to intimidate and silence proPalestinian voices proliferated,fromdoxingtruckson
campuses, to media censorship,
to online smear sites, to threats
and actual instances of physicalviolence.

5478
reports related touniversities

383
The state also played a large role Reports of Employment
in the wave of suppression. There Concerns
were congressional inquiries
into campus antisemitism that
operated as a thinly veiled
attempt to stamp out Palestinesolidarity and silence criticism
of Israel’s genocide. Palestine
Legal documented at least
33 legislative initiatives at
the federal and state levels
condemning
pro-Palestine

124
employment terminations
268
Reports of doxing
73
Reports related to K-12
schools

Student-led protest at the University of Seattle.
Photo Credit: Anakbayan USA

6Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

expression and slogans as antisemitic or equating such speechwith support for terrorism. Other bills attacked the right toboycott Israel or targeted Palestinian non-citizens and others
vocally supportive of Palestine. While most of these draconian
bills have not advanced, they portend a normalizing of severe
anti-Palestinian rhetoric and activity intended to criminalize
speech, advocacy, solidarity, and even scholarship around
Palestine.
As Biden declared the concentration of law enforcement
resources on Palestine solidarity under the guise of combatting
potential terrorism and antisemitism, activists reported
an increase in FBI and other law enforcement visits, often
prompted by social media posts about Palestine.2 Policing ofprotests also involved brutal tactics and mass arrests.3
Broadly, this repression was predicated on a deeply rooted
anti-Palestinian racism. Palestinians in the US—and
those perceived to be Palestinian—were systematicallydiscriminated against, dehumanized, smeared as violent,
excluded, and censored, a phenomenon that mirrors Israel’s
racist oppression of Palestinians living across Palestine,
between the river and the sea.

It is this racism and dehumanizationthat has made possible Israel’s killingof at least 35,000 Palestinians
and counting, the displacement andstarvation of nearly the whole
population of over 2 million people inGaza, and the complete devastation of
its infrastructure. It also has enabled
the US’s continuing complicity in thesecrimes, and the 76 years of oppressionthat preceded them.

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

7The stakes couldn’t be higher in the midst of what experts
agree is one of the most brutal military campaigns in modern
history.4 The US’s complicity in the genocide has exposed in
new ways the forces at work suppressing Palestinian freedom
and conspiring to erase them from the public consciousness.
Now more than ever, the US government has wholeheartedly
adopted Israel and its lobby’s agenda of criminalizing andsmearing Palestine solidarity in an effort to give cover to andjustify the genocide.
In the period since January 2024, this crackdown has further
intensified, as universities have sent militarized police to teardown student encampments and arrest hundreds of peacefulprotesters. A spate of lawsuits and legislative initiatives aim
to further expand already overbroad and structurally antiPalestinian antiterrorism laws to criminalize advocacy for
Palestinian rights. It is clear that there is a full-blown assault
on the movement using every repressive tactic in the books.
Yet this severe anti-Palestinian backlash and the heavy
price people are paying for speaking out are not dampening
resistance to Israel’s agenda. On the contrary, the movement
for Palestinian liberation has grown like never before andhas demonstrated resilience and courage in confronting not
only Israel’s war crimes, but US complicity, too. As youth
organizers in National Students for Justice in Palestine(NSJP) and Dissenters, who are confronting vicious campusbased crackdowns, have affirmed: “Repression is evidence ofour power.”5
Even as we document the repression, Palestine Legalis committed to continuing to bolster and advance thismovement. We are confident history will judge our movementin the same light as the civil rights, anti-apartheid, and otherjustice movements before it, despite the fierce repression they,
too, faced in challenging racist and apartheid systems.

8Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Unprecedented
Mobilization
Israel’s most vehement defenders in
the United States have been working
overtime to censor, punish, threaten,
and criminalize the most basic
expressions for Palestinian freedom.
Nevertheless, 2023 marked the largest andbroadest pro-Palestine mobilization in US history,
with no signs of dissipating. The tsunami of antiPalestinian repression is a desperate reaction to
the growing frequency of widespread, bold actions
for Palestinian freedom.
By the end of 2023, the Crowd Counting
Consortium, which tracks political demonstrations
across the United States, logged nearly 3,300
pro-Palestine actions since October 7 across 622
different cities and towns in all 50 US states, DC,
Puerto Rico, and Guam.6
On November 4, 2023, the National March on
Washington for Palestine pulled in an estimated300,000 attendees, making it the largest rally insolidarity with Palestine ever recorded in the US.7
At the start of February 2024, the US Campaign
for Palestinian Rights logged over 1 million callsand emails to Congress since October 7 throughtheir action tools alone.8

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

9Jewish Voice for Peace and their allies shut down the main
terminal of Grand Central Station in October 2023.
Photo Credit: KAROM RIVERA

In addition to historic mass mobilizations, there has been amarked rise in targeted direct actions and civil disobedience tohalt business as usual: shutting down major bridges, highways,
and airports; occupying the Capitol and disrupting politicalevents; and blocking the entrances and ports of operations forweapons manufacturers.
In January 2024, over 3,000 community members across the
Bay Area disrupted the entirety of Oakland Port operations.9
The port lost approximately 12 million dollars in revenue
as a result, roughly the same amount of money that the US
sends to Israel per day in military aid.10 Jimmy Salameh, alongshoreman with ILWU Local 10 said, “I’ve worked at theport for ten years, and I can say for a fact that there was no
business as usual out here today. How could there be in the
middle of a genocide?”11

10

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Disruptions at the events and homes ofelected officials demanding that they call fora permanent ceasefire were so prevalent thatformer House Speaker Nancy Pelosi told CNN:
“They are in front of my house all the time.”12
Mounting international criticism of Israel
reached an apex with the momentous rulingin January 2024 by the International Court ofJustice, which ruled it is “plausible” that Israel
is committing the crime of genocide in Gaza.13
On the same day of the initial ruling in South
Africa’s case against Israel, the Center for
Constitutional Rights argued in a US District
Court that the Biden administration is complicit
in Israel’s genocide.14 The hearing was the firsttime that Palestinians testified in a US federal
court on the effects of the Nakba and decadesof US support for Israeli settler colonialism on
their lives, as well as the toll of the genocide on
their families in Gaza. The court, even while
dismissing the case on legal grounds, recognizedthat Israel’s assault on Gaza “plausibly falls
within the international prohibition against
genocide” and called on the administration toreassess its “unflagging support” for Israel.
These acts of resistance and mobilization on
every front have resulted in a seismic shift of
public opinion in favor of Palestinian rights.

For the first time, over halfof Americans favor stopping US
military aid to Israel,15 and an
overwhelming two-thirds are infavor of an immediate ceasefire.16

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

11This momentum has spurred communities everywhere to pushtheir local decision makers into action on an institutional level.
As a result of tireless advocacy, at least 70 cities17 and major
unions18—representing more than half the labor movement in
the US—have adopted resolutions calling for a ceasefire andthe protection of Palestinian life in Gaza.
These shifts mark a generational change. There will be no
return to the status quo of unconditional support for Israel’s
crimes. “Free Palestine” has become a rallying call forcollective liberation: for freedom “from every river to everysea.”19

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY ALUMNI PROTESTING THE SUSPENSION OF SJP AND JEWISH VOICES FORPEACE. PHOTO CREDIT: HEATHER CHEN, THE COLUMBIA SPECTATOR

12

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Higher Education:
A Crackdown on
Student Activism
As the scale of Israel’s campaign ofcollective punishment in Gaza started to
become clear, student organizers wereamong the first to rally in support ofPalestinian lives, not only planning local
events but also coordinating with student
groups across the country for a “National
Day of Resistance.”20
Israel advocacy groups—such as the Anti-Defamation League(ADL)—immediately resorted to well-worn smear tactics
in an attempt to discredit this advocacy, portraying any
statement of support for Palestinians as support for Hamas
and any reference to resistance to Israel’s 75-year colonizationand occupation of Palestine as support for terrorism. On
October 11, the ADL and other Israel advocacy groups wrote
to universities, baselessly claiming that Students for Justice inPalestine (SJP) chapters at their universities may be engaging
in “material support for terrorism,” and calling on them toinvestigate and withdraw recognition and funding for SJPs,
an action that would violate students’ constitutional rights.21
Despite the swift debunking of this threat by civil rights
and liberties groups,22 in the months that followed, multiple
universities and the state of Florida gave in to these demands
and sought to suspend or block recognition of SJP and otherpro-Palestine clubs on their campuses.

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

13

HEAVY POLICE PRESENCE DURING A TEACH-IN ORGANIZED BY SJP AT THE UNIVERSITY OF
FLORIDA ON OCT. 12, 2023. PHOTO CREDIT: LUIS SANTANA, TIMES

Florida Attempts to Disband
SJP
On October 24, Florida State University System Chancellor
Ray Rodrigues, “in consultation with Governor DeSantis,”
issued a memorandum ordering public universities in Florida
to deactivate SJP clubs on their campuses. The memo madeunsubstantiated and inflammatory conclusions about a
National Students for Justice in Palestine statement.23
On November 16, SJP at University of Florida—represented
by Palestine Legal, the ACLU, and the ACLU of Florida—
filed a federal lawsuit in the Northern District of Florida
arguing that the order violated the group’s First Amendment
rights. The state quickly backtracked in its efforts to ban SJP,
arguing in court that it did not intend to disband SJP clubs at
its universities. The court took this to mean that SJPs were
not under threat of being derecognized and dismissed thelawsuit in January 2024.24

14

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

SJP Bans at Other
Universities
On November 6, Brandeis University followed Florida’s leadand derecognized what they characterized as “the Brandeis
chapter of the National Students for Justice in Palestine(SJP).”25 Days after this decision, the school violently shut
down a rally protesting the derecognition, arresting sevenprotesters, including three students. As of February 2024, SJP
remains banned on campus, and the university has pursued
both criminal and disciplinary charges against protestors.
Days after Brandeis SJP was derecognized, on November
10, Columbia University also suspended SJP and Jewish
Voice for Peace (JVP) groups on its campus, claiming that the

GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY STUDENT PROTESTERS RALLYING TOGETHER AFTER THE
SUSPENSION OF STUDENTS FOR JUSTICE IN PALESTINE. PHOTO CREDIT: GW SJP

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

15

clubs repeatedly violated the school’s newly
implemented and highly restrictive events
policies. Students defiantly continued toorganize under a broad umbrella—theColumbia University Apartheid Divest
coalition, which includes 94 student
clubs.26 In March 2024, Palestine Legal andthe New York Civil Liberties Union sued
Columbia University in New York court
for unlawfully suspending SJP and JVP, incontravention of its own policies.27
On November 13, George Washington
University also effectively suspended SJP
for 90 days because the club had projected
messages onto the wall of the university
library. The university falsely characterized
the messages—which included “GW iscomplicit in genocide in Gaza,” and “Free
Palestine from the river to the sea”—asantisemitic. In protest of the suspension
of SJP, and to continue Palestine advocacy
on campus, students from variousorganizations formed the Student Coalition
for Palestine.28
In
December
2023,
Rutgers-New
Brunswick SJP members learned from areporter that their club had been suspended
by the university. They had received nocommunication from the institution before
this decision was leaked to the media. The
university falsely accused Rutgers SJP ofviolating multiple conduct policies without
providing them any information about
when or how those violations allegedly
took place. As a result of public pressure,including the support of over 150 Rutgers

16

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

student organizations, Rutgers SJP was reinstatedin January 2024.29
Attacks have also targeted other allied student
organizations, such as the Central Ohio
Revolutionary Socialists (CORS) at The Ohio
State University. CORS was suspended on
December 13 after holding a Palestine solidarity
rally on campus. Two days after being reinstatedon February 3, the group once again protested
on campus, demanding that the university stop
censoring Palestine activists and end its complicity
in the Israeli government’s actions by divesting
university funds from Israel.30

Aggressive Student
Conduct Charges
While student organizations were a focal
point for public bans, universities
across the country also investigatedindividual students, at times subjecting
them to harsh punishments for violating
previously unenforced policies.
At New York University, multiple students faced
conduct charges for tearing down Israel propaganda
flyers that had been taped up on campus or forallegedly posting pro-Palestine flyers on top of
those posters. At least one student was suspended
for nearly a year after administrators had madeassurances that suspension and expulsion were
not on the table.

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

17

At Rockland Community College, a student was suspended
for nearly a year for protesting a pro-Israel event by shouting,“From the river to the sea, Palestine will be free” and “Jews forPalestine.” At other universities, students faced disciplinary
charges for peaceful activism including walkouts, sit-ins,
and die-ins. Students were also called in for meetings withadministrators because of complaints that chants and social
media postings that contained messages such as “From theriver to the sea, Palestine will be free” were offensive to Jewish
students, or for even just attending pro-Palestine events.
Students were also accused of violence or disruption after
being attacked by campus police or law enforcement during
non-violent protests.

Suspension and the threat ofsuspension have been particularly
dangerous for international students,
including Palestinians, whose visas
and ability to remain in the US dependon maintaining good standing at their
universities and avoiding criminal
sanctions.

Columbia SJP’s mock apartheid wall on campus. Photo credit: Columbia SJP

18

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Discrimination against
Students
In the days and weeks following October 7, dozens of schools
and universities across the country sent one-sided andahistorical statements expressing support for Israel andcondemning Hamas without acknowledging the growing
civilian death toll of Israel’s indiscriminate bombing ofPalestinians. At many of these schools, Palestinian students,
faculty, and allies asked for administrators to address Israel’s
ongoing attacks on Gaza and the impact on Palestinian andallied students, but their requests for equal treatment were
rejected, ignored, or at best met with private responses rather
than public statements. One administrator described theword “Palestinian” as alienating. At several other schools,
neutral statements with language such as “violence in the
Middle East” were amended to take a more explicit proIsrael stance, in one case while explicitly rejecting calls fromthe community to similarly acknowledge what Palestinians
were experiencing.

GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS HOLD SIGNS CONDEMNING THE SUSPENSION OF Sjp
IN FRONT OF GILMAN LIBRARY ON CAMPUS. PHOTO CREDIT: GW SJP

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

At the University of North
Carolina-Chapel
Hill(UNC), the dean of students
sent an email on October 10
to all students and recent
alumni whose birthplace
was listed as Israel offeringresources and academic andpersonal support. No such
email was sent to students
and alumni who had Palestine
listed as their birthplace.
Atthe
UniversityofSouthern California,aprofessor was caught onfilm in November steppingon the names of Palestinian
civilians that had been laidout by students in a memorial
for the 10,000 lives that had
been lost in Gaza at thattime, telling the students,“Everyone should be killed,
and I hope they all are.” After
students filed a complaint,
the professor was told not
to come to campus for a few
weeks but was later allowed
to return. The university
announced that he had notbeen disciplined and that theinterim measures were only
briefly in place to “ensure asafe learning environment.”
Amid surges in COVID-19
cases and aggressively racist

19and sexist doxing campaigns
by Zionist organizations,the president of Pomona
College sent an email to thestudent body just ahead ofa nationwide student day ofaction on November 9 statingthat students who wore masks
duringdemonstrations
would be required to remove
them if administrators wereconcerned about conduct
violations. The day before
this announcement, the antiPalestinianorganization
StandWithUs had told theschool that they were allowed
to prohibit masks worn toconceal identities. George
Mason University and UNC
similarly announced thatthey would be enforcing antimasking state laws against
protestors on campus.
At another university, aPalestinian student asked aprofessor for an extension
on a group assignment inlight of difficulties she faced
in focusing on school whilefamily members were underattack in Gaza. She was toldthat she should have had herteam request the extension
and that they should try tocomplete the assignment. An
Israeli student in the same

20

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7class who had made a similar request was told to takeall the time they needed and that the other membersof the group could complete the assignment themselves.
At several universities, students and faculty members
who had planned events about Palestine that wereoriginally scheduled to take place in person were toldthat they had to shift to Zoom or cancel the events
because of vague security concerns, suggesting a
racialized association of Palestinians with violence.

Threats to Academic
Freedom
University professors and other educators, like
employees across virtually all sectors, have faced
threats to their employment targeting them for theiroff-campus activism and social media posts. They havealso had campus events canceled or altered as a resultof Zionist complaints, and faced direct attacks on theiracademic freedom in the classroom.
Smith College fired Olive Demar, an adjunct lecturer
in dance, because her syllabus—prepared the previous
summer—included a reading on the relationshipbetween concert dance and settler-colonial violenceand displacement. The lecturer was prevented fromteaching her class that day, and she was summarily
fired and banned from campus the next day for “veering
off course related topics in class and focusing on [her]personal life and political issues.”
Indiana University suspended professor Abdulkader
Sinno for two semesters and blocked him from advising
student groups during that period after he booked aPalestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

21room on behalf of IU’s Palestine Solidarity Committee
for an event featuring Israeli-American author Miko
Peled on November 16.31 The school canceled the room
booking on the grounds that the event was not sponsoredby Sinno’s department, Middle Eastern Languages andCultures. The event went forward in an unoccupied
room on campus. The school claimed that because of
Sinno’s actions, they had to divert police presence fromother events to the Peled event, a claim contradictedby reporters from the Indiana Daily Student. The
decision to suspend Sinno prompted outrage among
his colleagues, who petitioned the school to reverse
its decision on the grounds that it violated academic
freedom and bypassed faculty governance processes.
Also in November, the University of Arizona suspended
two professors, Rebecca Zapien and Rebecca Lopez,
who had been secretly recorded in class speaking about
the situation in Gaza. The professors were teaching acourse on “Cultural Pluralism for Young Children,”meant to equip future educators with the skills to teachstudents across diverse racial and ethnic groups. Afteroutcry from students, community members, and theirunion, including sit-ins demanding that the professors
be reinstated, the university issued a statement
apologizing for the harm it had caused and reinstatedthe professors.32
In December, the University of Minnesota College of
Liberal Arts canceled its search for a new associatedean of diversity, equity, and inclusion, leaving theposition vacant following a smear campaign against
finalist Sima Shakhsari. Shakhsari, a professor at theuniversity, had been personally invited to apply forthe position by colleagues, who had even extended theapplication deadline to allow them to apply. However,a colleague subsequently falsely accused Shakhsari
of supporting Hamas and accosting a Jewish faculty22Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

member. Shakhsari has since received a torrent ofgraphic hate mail via their work email, personal phone,and on social media, with little if any support from theinstitution.33
At other universities, professors and graduate students
were investigated for canceling classes in support ofgeneral strikes in solidarity with Palestinians, even
where their institutions permit them to cancel classes
without cause. Graduate students at several universities
were fired or transferred out of teaching positions after
making comparisons between topics covered in classand the ongoing genocide, in one case while reviewing
an assigned reading that specifically referenced Israel asa settler-colonial state. Two graduate students in social
work at the University of Texas-Austin were removed
from their teaching positions for sharing mental healthresources with students in response to the “university’ssilence around the suffering many of our students,
staff, and faculty are experiencing on campus.”34 After
students, alumni, and community members demanded
their reinstatement, the university offered the students
unspecified work for the spring 2024 semester.

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

23

DoxingAfter October 7, there was an enormous spike in the numberof students, professors, employees, and activists who were
doxed—meaning their private or identifying individual
information was published with malicious intent—for theirsupport of Palestinian human rights. In addition, there was anaggressive escalation of doxing tactics by news media sources,
online blacklists, and other actors. 268 of the reports received
by Palestine Legal between October 7 and the end of the year
involved doxing.
Activists’ posts on social media were screenshotted andcirculated online with the username visible, leading to thedoxing and subsequent harassment of these individuals via
threatening texts, phone calls, and emails. Media outlets
like the New York Post and Fox News ran stories targeting
individual activists for posts in support of Palestine, further
amplifying the harassment.
Posters depicting Israeli
hostages, seen as propaganda
for Israel’s genocidal war,
were the center of doxing
campaigns. In the three weeks
after October 7, the New York
Post ran 10 different stories
about hostage posters andpeople removing or otherwise
defacing them. Removing
posters was also grounds
fordisciplinary
actions
against students and led tosuspensions and employment
consequences for workers,
including terminations.

268 of reports
received byPalestine Legalbetween October
7 and the end of
the year involved
doxing.

24

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Doxing Trucks
In addition to online targeting, students also faced harassment
via doxing trucks. These trucks targeted specific campuses,
often where students or student groups had signed ontoa statement in support of Palestine. Accuracy in Media, a
nonprofit organization behind the doxing trucks, sent trucks
to Harvard, Columbia, Yale, and other schools, displaying thenames and faces of students. Despite the fact that many white
and Jewish students made statements in support of Palestine,
the doxing trucks almost universally targeted students ofcolor.
Shortly after October 7, the Harvard Undergraduate
Palestine Solidarity Committee published a statement
calling on the “Harvard community to take action to stop theongoing annihilation of Palestinians,” alongside 34 student
organizations included as signatories. Following the letter’s
publication, students’ personal information was placed on

PROTESTERS BLOCK “DOXING TRUCKS” CIRCULATING IMAGESAND NAMES OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY STUDENTS ON CAMPUS.
PHOTO CREDIT: EVA FRASIER

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 725various smear websites. On October 11, a truck displaying
students’ names and faces arrived on Harvard’s campus, witha link to a website listing the names of student groups, allof which represent either Black, Arab, Palestinian, or otherstudents of color.
On October 23, a truck displaying the names and faces ofColumbia students began driving around Columbia’s campus.
Numerous students found their names and faces plasteredon the side of a truck proclaiming them to be “Columbia’s
Leading Antisemites,” with a link to a website listing the namesof various students and student groups. Like at Harvard,
not everyone who was doxed on the truck was a member ofthe groups who signed onto the letter. On November 11, a
Columbia student sued Accuracy in Media, arguing that hehad not been a member of the group he was alleged to havebeen a part of since May 2023.35
Accuracy in Media sent a truck to Yale’s campus on November
16, mirroring the tactic used at Columbia and Harvard. The
doxing truck arrived on campus after students and others had
signed onto a statement in solidarity with Palestine. Manyof the students doxed on the truck were students of color. In
an attempt to stop the truck, a small group of students tried
to block the truck from leaving its parking spot in front ofstudents’ residential colleges. The truck was reported to Yale’s
Police Department. In response, Yale police threatened toarrest students.
In each instance, university administrations failed toadequately protect students from doxing and instead
exacerbated the attacks by issuing public condemnations of
the students and student organizations.

26

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Doxing on Social Mediaand Smear Sites
Israel-aligned groups such as Canary Mission,
StopAntisemitism, Israel War Room, and the ADL
have ramped up their targeting of students, professors,
employees, and others with internet doxing. Often,
activists’ images and personal information were sharedacross different social media platforms, including X(formerly Twitter) and Instagram, and became fodder
for media outlets like the New York Post and Fox
News to publish stories that intensified discrimination,harassment, and doxing of Palestine activists.
Student members of Emory’s Students for Justice inPalestine (ESJP) chapter faced extreme doxing online
for their participation in ESJP, particularly from an
Emory alum who tagged student names on LinkedIn andreceived support from Emory affiliates on his posting.
The Emory alum called for students to be expelled andfor ESJP to be disbanded altogether. Students reported
the alum’s behavior to Emory and, to date, they havereceived no assistance. Instead, students who informed
a dean about the alum’s behavior were told that theyshould be more understanding of the alum and his
feelings post-October 7.

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

27Workplace
Discrimination
Across a range of industries and professions, employers
engaged in widespread discrimination and retaliation against
their employees for their statements supporting Palestinian
rights or criticizing Israel made in the workplace and on social
media.

The wave of politicallymotivated repression in theworkplace has been the most
severe in the country since atleast the Vietnam War.36

383 reports toPalestine Legalfrom October 7
through December
involved employment
concerns, including
124 individuals who
had already been
terminated fromtheir positions.

The backlash was notablein media and publishing.
Artforumeditor-in-chief
David Velasco was fired in
October after the magazine
published an open letterin support of Palestinian
liberation.37 Also in October, Harper’s Bazaar editor-in-chief
Samira Nasr was forced to apologize and was reportedly atrisk of termination for publicly criticizing Israel’s move to cut
power in Gaza.38 Jackson Frank, a sports journalist covering
the Philadelphia 76ers, was fired after expressing support for
the Palestinian cause on social media.39 In November, writers
Jazmine Hughes and Jamie Lauren Keiles were forced outof The New York Times for signing a letter condemning
Israel’s siege on Gaza.40 Media giant Hearst went as far
as implementing a new social media policy in November
mandating that employees get approval before posting any
personal political opinions online.41

28

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

The medical field also saw widespread suppressionof political expression. Numerous physicians
and medical residents reported being pulled off
rotations or even fired outright for their personalsocial media posts supporting Palestine.
In Silicon Valley, an engineering manager was
fired after ten years at Microchip Technology over
his posts on Facebook expressing sympathy for
Palestinians in Gaza that allegedly offended two of
his co-workers.42
In Evanston, Illinois, Liam Bird, a government
employee, was fired over his statements on social
media supporting Palestinians and a ceasefire in
Gaza.43

Foley and Lardner engaged in racist censorship against an Arab Muslim woman
incoming associate named Jinan Chehade. Photo courtesy of Jinan ChehadePalestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

29

In Maryland, Hajur El-Haggan, a middle school
math teacher employed by Montgomery County
Public Schools, was placed on administrative
leave for including the phrase, “From the riverto the sea, Palestine will be free,” in her email
signature.44

Workplace discrimination also
extended to future employment,
as doxing and other forms ofsuppression against student
speech targeted job offers forgraduating professionals.
In October, a law professor at the University ofCalifornia, Berkeley, published an article titled,“Don’t Hire My Anti-Semitic Law Students,”
calling on law firms not to hire students who haveexpressed solidarity with Palestinians.45
Georgetown law graduate Jinan Chehade wasfired the day before she was set to start a new job
at the large Chicago law firm Foley and Lardnerfor her activism for Palestine.46
NYU law student Ryna Workman had a job
offer revoked following a statement they madesupporting Palestinians and criticizing Israel,
which also led to severe harassment, doxing, anddisciplinary charges by the university.47

30

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Criminalization,
Physical Violence,
and Threats
Palestinians and their allies
faced increased threats to their
physical safety and well-being after
October 7 from the state, university
administrations, and third parties.

WASHINGTON, DC, PROTESTER ARRESTED WITH ZIP TIES AFTER AN ACTION BLOCKING MAJOR
ROADWAYS INTO THE CITY. PHOTO CREDIT: SHEDRICK PELT

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Militarized
Response to
Peaceful
Protests on
CampusMirroringamilitarized
response to demonstrations inmany cities where hundreds
have been arrested andfaced police brutality during
peaceful demonstrations andcivil disobedience actions,48
many
universities
went
beyond student conduct
proceedings and bias reports
to subject their own students
to law enforcement abuse andcriminal charges.
On October 25, hundreds ofstudents at the Universityof Massachusetts-Amherst
took part in a sit-in in an
administrationbuilding,
demandingthat
theuniversity cut ties withweapons
manufacturer
RTX (formerly known as
Raytheon). The university
closed the building at 6 p.m.
and had 56 students and one
faculty member arrested.
As a result of the arrests,

31

three students who had beenregistered for study abroadfor the spring semester werebarred from the program,costing them thousands infees and travel expenses andforcing them to make lastminute plans to arrange forhousing and to register forclasses on campus. As of
February 2024, most of thestudents had accepted a plea
deal reducing the charges
to an infraction and a $100
fine, while 21 students werestill fighting the charges incourt.49
On October 28, DartmouthCollege called police to end
a peaceful demonstration
on campus by arresting two
students affiliated with theenvironmental justice club
Sunrise. The students had
participated in a days-longsit-in on campus callingon the university to takeaction on a list of demands,
ranging from institutional
support for queer students
and students and faculty ofcolor to divestment fromapartheid and reparations
for Indigenous communities,
called the “Dartmouth New
Deal.” The college sought tojustify its criminalization of

32

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

its students by arguing that they were threatening violence
when they wrote that if the college refuses to meet theirdemands, “those who believe in freedom will be forced into
physical action.”50 As of January 2024, the students were stillfighting charges of criminal trespass.

GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS PROTESTING FOR A FREE PALESTINE.
PHOTO CREDIT: GW SJPOn November 8, Queens College President Frank H. Wu
sent an email to the student body condemning social media
posts by the Queens College Muslim Student Associationthat questioned the Israeli narrative about what took placeon October 7. He announced that the posts would not only
be investigated by the college but that they had contacted the
New York City Police Department to investigate their students
over the postings.51 Later that month American University inWashington, DC, similarly contacted the FBI to investigate
the tearing down of pro-Israel posters on campus.
Also on November 8, 20 members of Jews for Ceasefire
Now were arrested at Brown University and charged with

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

trespass after holding a sitin, calling on university
president Christina Paxson
to support divestment fromcompanies that enable war
crimes in Gaza. Charges were
dropped later that monthafter Palestinian Brown
student Hisham Awartani
was shot along with twoother Palestinian students
in Vermont. The university
arrested another 41 students
during a second sit-in callingfor divestment and ceasefire
on December 11.52 As of
February 2024, the students
were still fighting criminal
charges.
On
November
9,26
UniversityofChicagostudents and faculty werearrested
byuniversity
policeafter
conducting
a peaceful sit-in inside
the admissions building,askingthatuniversity
administrators meet withthem to discuss demands thatthe university divest frommilitary contractors directly
benefiting from the genocide
in Gaza. Criminal charges
were later dropped.53
On
November
14,
aPalestinian student at the33

Universityof
IllinoisChicago (UIC) was followed
by a university employee andarrested inside her classroom
for allegedly writing "FreePalestine" messages witha permanent marker on
multiple surfaces across the
UIC campus. She was held
in a cell on campus for hours,
then transported to a police
station while the university
pursued felony charges, which
the county attorney rejected
before ultimately dismissing
criminal charges.54
On
November
17,
40
students at the Universityof Michigan were given
citations by university police
after the administration
mountedanaggressive
response to a sit-in sponsoredby 55 student organizations.
The sit-in aimed to securea meeting with university
president Santa Ono to
discuss the students’ demandthat the university divest
from companies profitingfrom Israel’s assault on Gaza.
Having called in officers fromten local law enforcement
agencies, the university tried
to preempt the demonstration
byforcibly
preventing
students from entering an34

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

administrative building that was ordinarily open to the public.
Police acted aggressively toward protestors, pulling off one
student’s hijab and body slamming her to prevent her fromentering the building.55 As of February 2024, trespass charges
were still pending against the students.
In November, two Black students at Northwestern University
were criminally charged for alleged involvement in a parodyof a school newspaper.56 This parody newspaper accused
Northwestern of being complicit in Israel’s war crimes andincluded satirical articles criticizing Northwestern’s responseto the siege of Gaza. After a public campaign was launched indefense of the students to pressure the office of Northwestern’sPresident, the charges were dropped in February 2024.57

PALESTINIAN ORGANIZER FROM THE GROUP WITHIN OUR LIFETIME,
NERDEEN KISWANI, ARRESTED DURING A PROTEST IN NEW YORK CITY.
PHOTO CREDIT: ASHRAF HAMIDEH

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

35

Physical Violence andThreats
Meanwhile, Palestinians and allies across the country faced
a torrent of threats to their physical safety, ranging fromanonymous online calls for violence to physical attacks,
including several that resulted in hospitalization and one that
resulted in death.
In October, a 6-year-old Palestinian boy, Wadea al-Fayoume,and his mother were brutally attacked in their home in Illinois
by their landlord, who targeted them because of their identity,
blaming them for the war on Palestine.58 Wadea was stabbed
to death, while his mother recovered from her wounds.
Also in October, a 13-year-old Palestinian girl was assaulted
when she, her sister, and another relative were writing “FREEGAZA” on a sand dune in Monterey, California. The assailant,
former congressional candidate Max Steiner, initiated anargument, vandalized their sand message, and allegedly
choked the girl as he attempted to grab or swat away herphone.59 He was later charged with battery and vandalism.60
In late November, three Palestinian students who attend
Brown University, Trinity College, and Haverford College
were shot near the University of Vermont while wearing
kuffiyehs and speaking Arabic, leaving one of the students
paralyzed from the neck down.61 Weeks earlier at Stanford,
an Arab Muslim student was hit by a car. The driver, a student
who had previously expressed hostility toward Muslims on
campus, yelled, “Fuck you and your people.”62
At the University of California, Los Angeles, a student
reported having a knife pulled on him by a Zionist protestor
near campus in October.

36

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

At UC Berkeley, a graduate student received handwritten
hate mail in an envelope containing a suspicious white powderthat was eventually found to be harmless. Activists in otherparts of the country also reported receiving white powder inthe mail.
Instead of addressing the concerns of students who felt
threatened by a “Death to Palestine” message outside a dormat Yale, administrators sent a message to all students at thecollege affirming “academic freedom and the expression ofviews and dissent.”

Censorship
In addition to employment-based repression, doxing, andother forms of intimidation, institutions directly censoredexpression in support of Palestinian rights and liberation.
This has been most pronounced on social media and in thenews media, but also extends to higher education and otherinstitutional spaces.

Social MediaSocial media posts by individuals expressing solidarity with
Palestine have been silenced across the world since October
7, according to 7amleh, the Arab Center for the Advancementof Social Media.63 Platforms have also subjected major humanrights figures and social media influencers supporting justicein Palestine to these censorship tactics.

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

37

The UN’s Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in
Palestine was shadow banned on X64—a method that
reduces the reach of individual accounts and posts.
When Toufic Braidi, a Lebanese social media influencer
with over 1 million followers on Instagram, beganposting stories about Gaza, his reach was slashed.65
Users experienced widespread censorship of Palestinecontent on Meta platforms (Facebook, Instagram, andWhatsApp), in what Human Rights Watch called “asystemic and global” issue in November.66 Meta createdautomatic filters that “lowered the threshold” on theconfidence level required to remove Arabic/Palestinian
content from 80% to 25% before removing content
being shared from Palestine.67

While Palestinian content has been
subject to extreme censorship,
Islamophobic and hateful antiPalestinian content has gone largely
uncensored by Meta.

38

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

According to Human Rights Watch, genocidal comments suchas, “Make Gaza a parking lot,” and, “I wish Israel success inthis war in which it is right, I hope it will wipe Palestine off theface of the earth and the map,” were permitted to remain on
the platforms.68
Meta’s censorship of Palestine content has had explicitly racist
results as well. According to the same Human Rights Watch
report, “Instagram’s auto translation feature translated biosthat had the word ‘Palestinian’ in Arabic, the Palestinian flagemoji, and the word ‘alhamdulillah’ (meaning praise be toGod) alongside one another as ‘Palestinian terrorists.’”69
The Palestinian flag emoji was deemed by Meta as a “negative/
harmful symbol” that could be automatically hidden on posts.
On Meta’s WhatsApp AI, The Guardian reported that afeature that creates images by users’ searches will generate a“picture of a gun or a boy with a gun when prompted with theterms ‘Palestinian’, ‘Palestine’ or ‘Muslim boy Palestinian.’”70
According to 7amleh, Meta has conducted takedowns andaccount restrictions of Palestinian and international news
outlets and journalists such as Ajyal Radio Network, 24FM,
Mondoweiss, Palestinian Refugees Portal, and Faten Elwan
and Motaz Azaiza.71

News Media
Journalists employed by news outlets were subjected tocensorship. MSNBC suspended three Muslim news hosts
the week after October 7, and allowed them only to continue
as analysts on segments. MSNBC insisted that it was forlogistical reasons only, and that the journalists’ religion did
not motivate the decision.72

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Aquantitative
analysisreleased by The Intercept inJanuary 2024 demonstrated
severecensorshipandasymmetrical
reportingon Israel’s violence against
Palestinians.73 The study
showed that Israelis werementioned at “a rate 16
times more per death [than]that of Palestinians.” Thereport concluded that “highly
emotive terms for the killingof civilians like ‘slaughter,’‘massacre,’ and ‘horrific’ werereserved almost exclusively
for Israelis who were killed
by Palestinians,” while Israel
had killed over 15 times as
many Palestinians in thesame timeframe. The report
noted that when emotive
words were used to describe
Palestinians, they appearedin quotations.

39

Event
Cancelations
In addition to censorship
online and in the media,
institutions
suchasuniversities, libraries, andbookstores shut down events
featuring Palestinian andanti-Zionist scholars andadvocates.
In October, the President of
San Antonio Community
College attempted to shut
down a teach-in for Palestine.74
She ultimately postponed theteach-in and changed thename of the event, causing
backlash that ultimately led
to her reassignment to an
administrative position.75

NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY SUSPENDED ITS SJP CHAPTER AFTER THE GROUP
DISTRIBUTED MOCK EVICTION FLYERS TO RAISE AWARENESS ABOUT ISRAELI HOME
DEMOLITIONS. Photo credit: Northeastern SJP40

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

In November, the Universityof Arkansas canceled an
event on Palestine/Israel it
had asked its own history
professor, Joel Gordon, toorganize.
In November, only 24hours before the event
was scheduled to takeplace,
Barnard
Collegecanceled a dialogue hosted
by Columbia SJP between
Palestinian
writerandactivist Mohammed El-Kurd
and Professor Mahmood
Mamdani. Columbia Law
School also twice canceled
events featuring Human
Rights Watch’s Israel andPalestine director, Omar
Shakir, on Israel’s system ofapartheid.76
Also in November, theUniversity of Pennsylvania
canceled a Jewish student
group’s planned screeningof Israelism, a documentarythat follows the anti-Zionist
evolution of a Jewish college
student. New York’s HunterCollege also canceled ascreening of the film.77
Journalists,
artists,
andactivists also experienced
abrupt event cancelations

because ofPalestine.

their

ties

to

Journalist Nathan Thrall
and Abed Salama, thePalestinian protagonist in
Thrall’s new book, had fivebook tour events canceled,
and advertisements of thebook that had been approved
before October 7 were pulledfrom NPR and the US
broadcast of the BBC.78
The Sidney and Lois Eskenazi
Museum of Art at Indiana
University had planned
for three years to exhibit
the work of Samia Halaby,a
Palestinian-American
abstract painter, but canceled
the exhibit in December.79
The US Campaign for
Palestinian Rights had its
annual conference canceled bya Hilton hotel in late Octoberafter it received pressure
and threats.80 A Council on
American-Islamic Relations(CAIR) event in Virginia
was similarly canceled by thehotel where it was set to takeplace “due to multiple terror
threats targeting the hotel,
its staff, CAIR and American
Muslims.”81

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

41

Primary andSecondary
Education
While they did not draw the same level of media attention
as higher education campuses, K-12 schools were also
sites of increased student and teacher mobilization. In
Santa Ana, California, US-based educators organizedworkshops across the country after October 7 tosupport teachers in crafting lessons on Palestine andunderstanding the genocide in Gaza.
High school students across the country engaged inwalkouts protesting US support for the genocide andto demand a ceasefire. Student-organized walkouts in
California, Virginia, Massachusetts, and New Yorkin the fall had thousands of participants collectively.
In late January 2024, students from over 18 Chicago
public schools held a walkout and marched to City
Hall to pressure their alderpersons to vote in favor ofa ceasefire resolution the following day, which passedwith a tie-breaking vote from Mayor Brandon Johnson.

This unprecedented mobilization around
Palestine also drew repression: 73
of the requests for legal support
Palestine Legal received from October
7 through December were related toK-12 campuses.

42

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

In October, Lincoln Way East High School students in
Frankfurt, Illinois, were instructed to remove social media
calls for humanitarian aid to Palestinians and told that
Palestinian cultural and national symbols, such as the
kuffiyeh, were banned. Students continued to wear kuffiyehs
and immediately sought legal support. They were ultimately
assured by the principal that kuffiyehs would not be banned.
In November, a student at Corona Del Mar Middle andHigh School in Newport Beach, California, was suspended
for saying “Free Palestine,” which the school interpreted as athreatening remark.
In December the New York Civil Liberties Union (NYCLU)
wrote to the Chancellor of New York City Public Schools, thelargest school system in the nation, expressing concern about
the bullying, harassment, and disciplinary sanctions against
students who attended or organized protests in supportof Palestine.82 This letter
followed numerous reports ofboth students and educators
being
reprimanded
forvoicing support for Palestine.

NEW YORK CITY HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT SPEAKSPASSIONATELY AT A STUDENT-LED PRO-PALESTINEPROTEST. PHOTO CREDIT: IAN BARTLETTThe Coalition for Liberated
Ethnic Studies, a networkthatreclaims,
defends,
and builds ethnic studies
across the country83 andhas fought to include ArabStudies and Palestine in its
curriculum, faced mounting
attacks from Israel advocacy
groups. Coalition members
saw increased pressure on
their partner school districts
to drop their contracts.84

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

43

Elsewhere, Bay Area ethnic studies teachers received threats
and were placed on leave after giving lessons to high school
students about the historical context of the genocide in
Palestine.85 Administrators then pressured teachers to submit
all their ethnic studies materials for review, as well as personal
electronic communications that mentioned Palestine, Israel,or ethnic studies.

Legislation
Since October 7, Palestine Legal has tracked a flurry of newfederal and state level bills and resolutions targeting advocacy
for Palestine. In the first ten months of 2023, prior to October
7, there were 49 such new bills and resolutions. In the last
three months of the year alone, between October 7 and theend of the year, there were 33 new bills and resolutions.
Much of the legislation introduced since October 7 mimics pastdefunding bills, antisemitism redefinition bills, or anti-BDS
bills, with some developing trends.86 Anti-Palestinian racismis evident in such legislation, much of which unabashedly
calls for the criminalization of and harsh measures against
Palestinians and their allies.

Targeting Pro-Palestine
Speech or Organizing
After October 7, a rush of federal legislation was introduced,
attacking specific instances of pro-Palestine speech ororganizing, mainly in the form of non-binding resolutions.

44

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

H.R. 775 was introduced to denounce the New York City
Democratic Socialists of America for hosting a pro-Palestine
rally.87 H.R. 849 was introduced to condemn the common proPalestine phrase, “From the river to the sea, Palestine will be
free,” as “an expression of support for genocide, murder, andethnic cleansing.”88
Another resolution, H.R. 418, was introduced to condemn
specific quotes from student organizations at various
universities, and to condemn a law student who was fired
from their job after a doxing campaign targeted them for theirsupport for Palestine.89 Such attacks also targeted elected
officials: H.R. 772 was introduced to censure Rep. Rashida
Tlaib, the only Palestinian member of congress, for her
statements in support of Palestine.90

Equating Palestine
Organizing to Terrorism
In a February 2024 report, Anti-Palestinian at the Core,
Palestine Legal and the Center for Constitutional Rights
exposed how Israel and its allies have exploited antiPalestinian racism, peaking during periods of upheaval in
Palestine, to shape US federal anti-terrorism law from its
origins.91 Many of the federal bills and resolutions introduced
after October 7 affirmed this trend, equating popular forms ofpro-Palestine organizing with terrorism, including referringto Students for Justice in Palestine chapters as “pro-Hamas
student groups.” This reflects a dangerous escalation in efforts
to criminalize Palestine advocacy, broadly sweeping up whatshould be First Amendment protected speech, and is likely tohave far-reaching implications.
Evoking the McCarthy-era purging of purported communists,
H.R. 6250 was introduced in November.92 It would require

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

45

the heads of certain federal agencies to report to Congress any
employee with “ties to Hamas” or who “display[s] support for
Hamas.” According to the bill, “any posts by a covered agency
employee on social media in support of Hamas or in supportof actions taken by Hamas” are considered “reportable ties toHamas.”
H.R. 6419 was also introduced in November.93 The draconian
bill aims to suppress pro-Palestine activism on campuses,
equating it to antisemitism and to terrorism. If passed, thebill would require institutions of higher education to report“actual or perceived incidents of anti-Semitism” and “theinstitution’s subsequent actions taken in response to eachsuch incident.” The bill relies on the distorted International
Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) definition ofantisemitism that targets advocacy for Palestinian rights.94
The bill requires institutions that receive federal funds to“identify applicants for faculty and staff positions, and student

PALESTINE SOLIDARITY RALLY BLOCKING THE BROOKLYN BRIDGE. PHOTO CREDIT: AL JAZEERA

46

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

applicants” who have engaged in “terrorist activity,” which
is defined broadly. It also prohibits institutions of higher
education from using funds for any “institution activity thaturges support for, endorses, espouses, encourages, organizes
for, or promotes a foreign terrorist organization or its terrorist
activities.”
Introduced in December, H.R. 6408 would terminate the taxexempt status of “terrorist supporting organizations,” eventhough US law already prohibits charitable organizations fromproviding material support for terrorism.95 As noted by theFoundation for Middle East Peace, this bill is likely intended
to strip the nonprofit status of pro-Palestine organizations.96

Bills That Target
Palestinian and other
Immigrants
A number of federal bills were also introduced after October7 that target Palestinian immigrants or immigrants who
advocate for Palestine, though none of them have advanced
through the legislative process as of May 2024.
H.R. 6211 would prohibit the Secretary of Homeland Security
or the Secretary of State from approving any application foror issuing a nonimmigrant or immigrant visa to nationals ofPalestine.97
H.R. 796 calls on the President of the United States to revoke
visas and initiate deportation proceedings for any foreign
national who participated in pro-Palestine protests, describedas, “violent, anti-Semitic, pro-Hamas riots in the streets ofSouth Florida, Washington, DC, New York City, Pittsburgh,
Portland, Los Angeles, and other cities.”98

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

47

H.R. 6200 states that individuals endorsing or espousing“terrorist activities” conducted by “Hamas, Hezbollah, AlQaeda, Palestine Islamic Jihad, and ISIS” are considered,under immigration laws, to be “engaged in terrorist activity.”99

Affirmative Legislative
Initiatives
Despite these worrisome trends, there have also beenlegislative initiatives to defend Palestinians and their allies.
In addition to about 70 ceasefire resolutions (as of January2024) in cities and towns across the country,100 there havebeen efforts to push positive legislation in the US Congressand state legislatures as well.
In December, H.R. 942 was introduced to honor Wadea alFayoume, the 6-year-old Palestinian boy stabbed to deathin Illinois, and to condemn anti-Palestinian hate crimes anddiscrimination.101
Another resolution in Florida, FL HR 31-C, called for an
immediate de-escalation and ceasefire and demanded the
Biden administration promptly send and facilitate the entry ofhumanitarian assistance into Gaza, though it was ultimately
voted down.102
In Minnesota, a bill, MN SF3365, was introduced that would
repeal Minnesota’s anti-boycott law (MN Statutes 3.226 and
16C.053), which prohibits the state legislature and stateagencies from contracting with vendors that discriminate
against Israel or persons or entities doing business in Israel.103

48

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Conclusion
The last three months of 2023 witnesseda harrowing level of attacks on Palestine
advocacy at a time when it was most needed
to stop an unfolding genocide. Palestine
Legal documented an exponential increase
in reports of anti-Palestinian discrimination
and repression of speech and advocacy for
Palestinian rights, and a high volume ofreports have continued well into 2024.
This period has placed in stark relief theway that such attacks serve, first andforemost, Israel and its allies’ interests
in shutting down exposure and criticism
of its actions and preserving US militaryand diplomatic support. It also madecrystal clear that no amount of repression,censorship, McCarthyite purging, and evenviolent assaults can stop a movement intent
on making visible a situation of extreme
oppression that the US government andmedia purposefully keep from full view, andon shifting the status quo that enables it.
The courage, resilience, and determinationof people standing up for Palestinian rights
appears contagious, as more and more
people join an unflagging movement driven
by hope for a just, free, and peaceful future in
Palestine. As we have learned from previous
freedom movements, it is our role to ensurethat such hope is sustained, even in the faceof the most draconian and repressive ofstrategies.

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

49

AMERICAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS HOLD A PROTEST IN RESPONSE TO THE UNIVERSITY PLACING
sjp ON PROBATION. PHOTO CREDIT: AU SJP50Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

Endnotes
1 CAIR Received ‘Staggering’ 2,171 Complaints Over Past Two
Months as Islamophobia, Anti-Palestinian Hate ‘Spin Out of Control’,Council on American-Islamic Relations (Dec. 7, 2023), https://www.
cair.com/press_releases/cair-received-staggering-2171-complaintsover-past-two-months-as-islamophobia-anti-palestinian-hate-spinout-of-control/.
2 Monica Alba & Peter Alexander, Biden Administration Unveils
New Actions to Combat Antisemitism on College Campuses, NBC
News (Oct. 30, 2023), https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/whitehouse/biden-administration-actions-combat-antisemitism-collegecampuses-rcna122712; Hannah Rabinowitz, Evan Perez, & Pamela
Brown, United States Law Enforcement and Intelligence Agencies
Launch Full Court Press to Focus on Hamas Following Israel Attack,
CNN (Oct. 25, 2023), https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/25/politics/uslaw-enforcement-and-intelligence-agencies-launch-full-court-pressto-focus-on-hamas-following-israel-attack/index.html.
3 Within Our Lifetime, The Crackdown on Palestine: Unveiling NYPD’s
Repression Tactics (2024), https://wolpalestine.com/resistrepression/.
4 Julia Frankel, Israel’s Military Campaign in Gaza Seen as Amongthe Most Destructive in Recent History, Experts Say, The AssociatedPress (Jan. 11, 2024), https://apnews.com/article/israel-gaza-bombsdestruction-death-toll-scope-419488c511f83c85baea22458472a796.
5 Dissenters [@wearedissenters] and National Students for Justicein Palestine [@nationalsjp], Repression is Evidence of Our Power,
Instagram (Nov. 22, 2023), https://www.instagram.com/p/Cz9VGKJCb_/?img_index=1.
6 Israel/Palestine Protest Data Dashboards, Counting Crowds
Consortium (Feb. 26, 2024), https://countingcrowds.org/2024/02/26/
israel-palestine-protest-data-dashboards/.
7 Kelly Hayes, This Weekend’s DC Protest Was Largest Pro-Palestine
Mobilization in US History, Truthout (Nov. 5, 2023), https://truthout.
org/articles/this-weekends-dc-protest-was-largest-pro-palestinemobilization-in-us-history/.
8 US Campaign for Palestinian Rights [@uscpr], One Million
Calls and Emails Made to Congress, Instagram (Feb 2, 2024),
https://www.instagram.com/p/C22oST-Clb-/?emci=eb651412-

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 751

f8c1-ee11-b660-002248223197&emdi=9b58e8e3-08c2-ee11-b660002248223197&ceid=9745978.
9 Arab Resource & Organizing Center, Port of Oakland Shutdown(Jan. 13, 2024), https://www.araborganizing.org/page/port-ofoakland-shutdown/.
10 Jonathan Masters & Will Merrow, U.S. Aid to Israel in FourCharts, Council on Foreign Relations (Jan. 23, 2024), https://www.cfr.
org/article/us-aid-israel-four-charts.
11 Arab Resource & Organizing Center, Port of Oakland Shutdown(Jan. 13, 2024), https://www.araborganizing.org/page/port-ofoakland-shutdown/.
12 Pelosi Suggests Some Pro-Palestinian Protesters Are Connected
to Russia, CNN (Jan. 29, 2024), https://www.cnn.com/videos/politics/2024/01/29/nancy-pelosi-israel-palestinian-gaza-protestorssotu-sot-vpx.cnn.
13 Summary of the Order of 26 January 2024, ICJ (Jan. 26, 2024),
https://www.icj-cij.org/node/203454.
14 U.S. Court Concludes Israel’s Assault on Gaza Is Plausible Caseof Genocide, CCR (Jan. 31, 2024), https://ccrjustice.org/home/presscenter/press-releases/us-court-concludes-israel-s-assault-gazaplausible-case-genocide.
15 Poll: Majority of Americans Say Biden Should Halt Weapons
Shipments to Israel, Center for Economic and Policy Research (Mar.
11, 2024), https://cepr.net/press-release/poll-majority-of-americanssay-biden-should-halt-weapons-shipments-to-israel/.
16 Voters Want the U.S. to Call for a Permanent Ceasefire in
Gaza and to Prioritize Diplomacy, Data for Progress (Dec. 5,2023),
https://www.dataforprogress.org/blog/2023/12/5/voterswant-the-us-to-call-for-a-permanent-ceasefire-in-gaza-and-toprioritize-diplomacy#:~:text=Sixty%2Done%20percent%20of%20
likely,escalation%20of%20violence%20in%20Gaza.
17 Reuters, US City Councils Increasingly Call for Israel-GazaCeasefire, Analysis Shows, US News & World Report (Jan. 31, 2024),
https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2024-01-31/us-citycouncils-increasingly-call-for-israel-gaza-ceasefire-analysis-shows.
18 UE, Six Other National Unions Launch Ceasefire Effort, UE Union(Feb. 16, 2024), https://www.ueunion.org/political-action/2024/uesix-other-national-unions-launch-ceasefire-effort.
19 Dima Khalidi, Marc Lamont Hill Is Not Alone, Jacobin (Dec.
13, 2018), https://jacobin.com/2018/12/marc-lamont-hill-palestine-

52

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

censorship-israel.
20 Where citations for the following incidents are not provided,
documentation is on file with Palestine Legal.
21 Letter from ADL and The Brandeis Center to Presidents of Collegesand Universities (Oct. 25, 2023), https://www.adl.org/resources/letter/
adl-and-brandeis-center-letter-presidents-colleges-and-universities.
22 Letter from Palestine Legal and Racial & Social Justice Legal
Organizations to Universities (Nov. 3, 2023), https://palestinelegal.
org/news/joint-letter-to-unis.
23 Brendan Farrington & Collin Binkley, Florida Orders State
Universities to Disband Pro-Palestinian Student Group, Saying it
Backs Hamas, AP (Oct. 25, 2023), https://apnews.com/article/israelpalestine-desantis-florida-education-sjp-12b4d4f2bdd8618c12b8a29c
c852be25.
24 Federal Court Rules Florida Officials Do Not Intend to Deactivate
University of Florida’s Students for Justice in Palestine, Palestine Legal(Jan. 31, 2024), https://palestinelegal.org/news/2024/2/22/federalcourt-rules-florida-officials-do-not-intend-to-deactivate-university-offloridas-students-for-justice-in-palestine.
25 Rob Liebowitz, A Space for Free Speech, Not Hate Speech, Brandeis
University (Nov. 8, 2023), https://www.brandeis.edu/president/
letters/2023-11-08-free-speech-not-hate-speech.html.
26 Columbia University Apartheid Divest, Who We Are, Columbia
Spectator (Nov. 14, 2024), https://www.columbiaspectator.com/
opinion/2023/11/14/columbia-university-apartheid-divest-who-weare/.
27 Palestine Legal and NYCLU Sue Columbia University Over
Student Group Suspension, Palestine Legal (Mar. 12, 2024), https://palestinelegal.org/news/columbia-lawsuit.
28 Hannah Marr & Rachel Moon, GW Suspends SJP for Three
Months After Anti-Israel Library Demonstration, T he GW Hatchet(Nov. 14, 2023), https://gwhatchet.com/2023/11/14/gw-suspends-sjpfor-three-months-after-anti-israel-library-demonstration/.
29 Students for Justice in Palestine at Rutgers-New Brunswick,
Rutgers SJP Is Reinstated and Still Defiant, Mondoweiss (Jan. 20,2024),
https://mondoweiss.net/2024/01/rutgers-sjp-is-reinstatedand-still-defiant/.
30 Nicole Nowicki & Arianna Smith, Student Organization Reinstated
After Suspension, Sparks Pro-Palestine Protest, The Lantern (Feb. 3,

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7532024),
https://www.thelantern.com/2024/02/student-organizationreinstated-after-suspension-sparks-pro-palestine-protest/.
31 Salome Cloteaux & Marissa Meador, IU Denied its RoomReservation. The Palestine Solidarity Committee Hosted its Event
Anyway, Indiana Daily Student (Nov. 17, 2023), https://www.idsnews.
com/article/2023/11/palestine-solidarity-committee-israel-jewishevent-iu-professor.
32 E-mail from Robert Berry, Dean, College of Educ. to College of Education Faculty, Staff and Students (Dec. 1, 2023, 7:01 MDT), https://view.
comms.arizona.edu/?qs=d78b74eee66df b377e11c8b447ad35999d192b7a50985b9a87e53cc9ee7f14a3dfad6cb5f0602ce1352b7baba0ee6d4b862ef964de91c68323adac31260147dae424f92ff bfd35473f932737e6256fb3.
33 Michael Arria, Inside the Campaign to Undermine DEI and
Palestine Solidarity at the University of Minnesota: An Interview with
Dr. Sima Shakhsari, Mondoweiss (Jan. 31, 2024), https://mondoweiss.
net/2024/01/inside-the-campaign-to-undermine-dei-and-palestinesolidarity-at-the-university-of-minnesota-an-interview-with-dr-simashakhsari/.
34 Ryan Quinn, 2 TAs Provided Students Mental Health Resources
on Gaza. They’re Not TAs Anymore, Inside Higher Ed. (Dec. 20, 2023),
https://www.insidehighered.com/news/faculty-issues/academicfreedom/2023/12/20/ut-austin-yanks-tas-who-gave-mental-health.
35 Sarah Huddleston & Shea Vance, Columbia Student Sues Group
Behind ‘Doxxing Truck,’ Columbia Spector (Nov. 14, 2023), https://www.columbiaspectator.com/news/2023/11/13/columbia-studentsues-group-behind-doxxing-truck/.
36 Tyler Walicek, Advocacy for Palestinians Has Been Outright
Criminalized, Warns Academic, Truthout (Nov. 2, 2023), https://truthout.org/articles/advocacy-for-palestinians-has-been-outrightcriminalized-warns-academic/.
37 Zachary Small, Artforum Fires Top Editor After Its Open Letteron Israel-Hamas War, NYT (Oct. 26, 2023), https://www.nytimes.
com/2023/10/26/arts/artforum-editor-fired-david-velasco-palestinegaza.html.
38 Deja Monet, Harper’s Bazaar Editor-in-Chief Samira Nasr
Apologizes Over Instagram Post About Israel-Palestine Conflict,
Hollywood Unlocked (Oct. 13. 2023), https://hollywoodunlocked.
com/harpers-bazaar-editor-in-chief-samira-nasr-apologizes-overinstagram-post-about-israel-palestine-conflict/.

54

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

39 Oliver Milman, Sports Reporter in Philadelphia Loses Job Over
Pro-Palestinian Comments, The Guardian (Oct. 10, 2023), https://www.theguardian.com/media/2023/oct/10/philadelphia-sportsreporter-loses-job-pro-palestinian-comments.
40 NY Times Writers Jazmine Hughes & Jamie Keiles Resign After
Signing Letter Against Israeli War on Gaza, Democracy Now (Nov. 14,2023), https://www.democracynow.org/2023/11/14/nyt_magazine.
41 Will Sommer, Hearst Asks Staff to Report Colleagues’‘Controversial’ Posts to Management, Washington Post (Nov. 8, 2023),
https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/media/2023/11/08/hearstsocial-media-policy/.
42 Ethan Baron, Silicon Valley Engineering Manager Claims Company
Fired Him Over Facebook Posts on Israel-Palestine Conflict, Mercury
News (Jan. 16, 2024), https://www.mercurynews.com/2024/01/16/
silicon-valley-engineering-manager-claims-company-fired-him-overfacebook-posts-on-israel-palestine-conflict/.
43 Cole Reynolds, Former City Employee Sues Evanston, Biss, for
Retaliation to Israel-Hamas War Comments, The Daily Northwestern
(Jan.
12,
2024),
https://dailynorthwestern.com/2024/01/12/
lateststories/former-city-employee-sues-evanston-biss-for-retaliationto-israel-hamas-war-comments/.
44 Alaa Elassar & Jennifer Henderson, Complaint Says Muslim Arab
American Teacher Was Discriminated Against After Put on Leave Over
Pro-Palestinian Phrase in Email, CNN (Dec. 10, 2023) https://www.
cnn.com/us/teacher-disciplined-palestinian-email-slogan/index.html.
45 Steven Davidoff Solomon, Don’t Hire My Anti-Semitic Law
Students, The Washington Post (Oct. 15, 2023), https://www.wsj.com/
articles/dont-hire-my-anti-semitic-law-students-protests-collegesuniversities-jews-palestine-6ad86ad5.
46 Maher Kawash, Woman Claims Chicago Law Firm Rescinded Job
Offer Over Her Support for Palestinians, ABC7Chicago (Dec. 6, 2023),
https://abc7chicago.com/foley-and-lardner-chicago-jinan-chehadeisrael-hamas-war/14148958/.
47 Aimee Picchi, NYU Law Student Has Job Offer Withdrawn After
Posting Anti-Israel Message, CBS News (Oct. 12, 2023), https://www.
cbsnews.com/news/nyu-law-student-israel-hamas-ryna-workmanharvard/; Prem Thakker, Pro-Palestine NYU Law Student Speaks Out
After Job Offer Was Rescinded, The Intercept (Oct. 16, 2023), https://theintercept.com/2023/10/16/pro-palestine-students-campus-gazawar/.

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

55

48 Within our Lifetime, supra note 3; More Than 100 Arrested Amid
Demonstration at Ogilvie Train Station in Chicago, NBC Chicago(Nov. 13, 2023), https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/morethan-100-arrested-amid-demonstration-at-ogilvie-train-station-inchicago/3276684/.
49 Dan McGlynn, Putting Raytheon on Trial: Arrested UMass
Students Channel University’s Radical History, The Shoestring (Feb.
20, 2024), https://theshoestring.org/2024/02/20/putting-raytheonon-trial-arrested-umass-students-channel-universitys-radicalhistory/.
50 Kevin Engel & Roan V. Wade, Statement from Sunrise Movement at
Dartmouth on the Arrest of Students and President Beilock’s Response,
The Dartmouth (Oct. 31, 2023), https://www.thedartmouth.com/
article/2023/10/statement-from-sunrise-movement-at-dartmouthon-the-arrest-of-students-and-president-beilocks-response.
51 Amir Khafagy, Queens College and NYPD Investigate Muslim
Student Association’s Instagram Post, Documented (Jan. 26, 2024),
https://documentedny.com/2024/01/26/muslim-students-nypdinstagram-queens-college/.
52 Owen Dahlkamp & Anisha Kumar, Forty-One Students Arrested,
Booked Within University Hall Following Second Sit-In Demanding
Divestment, Ceasefire, The Brown Daily Herald (Apr. 11, 2024),
https://www.browndailyherald.com/article/2023/12/forty-onestudents-currently-being-arrested-booked-inside-university-hallfollowing-second-sit-in.
53
Tiffany Li, The Decision to Charge Protesters Broke
with University Precedent, The Chicago Maroon (Dec. 24, 2023),
https://chicagomaroon.com/40829/news/all-charges-droppedagainst-ucup-sit-in-protestors/.
54 Samah Assad & Dorothy Tucker, “An Overreach”: UIC Police
Arrest Palestinian Student for Marking Campus Property with
Messages Supporting Palestine, Video Shows, CBS News (Jan. 19,2024),
https://www.cbsnews.com/chicago/news/uic-police-arrestpalestinian-student-marking-campus-property-messages/.
55 40 Students Arrested Seeking Meeting with University of Michigan
President, Graduate Employees’ Organization (Nov. 18, 2023),
https://www.geo3550.org/2023/11/18/40-students-arrested-seekingmeeting-with-university-of-michigan-president/.
56 Conor Echols, Prosecutors Drop Charges Against Northwestern
Students for Pro-Palestine School Paper Parody, The Intercept (Feb. 7,

56

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 72024), https://theintercept.com/2024/02/07/palestine-northwesternnewspaper-parody-charges-dropped/.
57 Connor Echols, Prosecutors Drop Charges Against Northwestern
Students for Pro-Palestine School Paper Parody, The Intercept (Feb. 7,2024), https://theintercept.com/2024/02/07/palestine-northwesternnewspaper-parody-charges-dropped/.
58 Christina Maxouris, Palestinian-American Boy Fatally Stabbed
Near Chicago Had Celebrated His 6th Birthday Just 8 Days Earlier,
CNN (Oct. 18, 2023), https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/17/us/6-yearold-boy-palestinian-boy-chicago-profile/index.html.
59 CAIR-SFBA Calls on Monterey County DA to Press Charges in
Anti-Palestinian Hate Crime, CAIR California (Nov. 1, 2023), https://ca.cair.com/sf ba/news/cair-sf ba-calls-on-monterey-county-da-topress-charges-in-anti-palestinian-hate-crime/.
60 Brisa Colón, Man in Viral Sand City Sand Dune Incident Pleads
Not Guilty, KSBW Action News (Jan. 17, 2024), https://www.ksbw.
com/article/man-in-viral-sand-city-sand-dune-incident-pleads-notguilty/46430903.
61 Three Palestinian Students Aged 20 Shot in Vermont, US: What
to Know, Al Jazeera (Nov. 27, 2023), https://www.aljazeera.com/
news/2023/11/27/three-palestinian-students-aged-20-shot-injuredin-vermont-what-to-know.
62 Eman Abdelhadi, How U.S. Muslims Have Transformed in the 20
Years Since 9/11—and What It Means in the Wake of 10/7, In These
Times (Jan. 18, 2024), https://inthesetimes.com/article/muslimspalestine-islamophobia-palestine-israel-gaza.
63 Mohammad Qadaan, Hashtag Palestine 2023: Palestinian Digital
Rights During War, 7amleh The Arab Center for the Advancementof Social Media (2024), https://7amleh.org/2024/01/17/hashtagpalestine-2023-palestinian-digital-rights-during-war.
64 UN Human Rights Expert on Palestine Says X AccountShadow Banned, DAWN (Nov. 23, 2023), https://www.dawn.com/
news/1791760/un-human-rights-expert-on-palestine-says-x-accountshadow-banned.
65 Eliana Mallouk & Youmna Cham, Between Shadow Ban and SelfCensorship: Are Palestinian Voices Being Stifled in the Arab MENA
Region, London School of Economics (Dec. 1, 2023), https://blogs.lse.
ac.uk/internationaldevelopment/2023/12/01/between-shadow-banand-self-censorship-are-palestinian-voices-being-stifled-in-the-arabmena-region/.

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

57

66 Human Rights Watch , Meta’s Broken Promises, (2023), https://www.hrw.org/report/2023/12/21/metas-broken-promises/systemiccensorship-palestine-content-instagram-and.
67 Id.
68 Id.
69 Id.
70 Johana Bhuiyan, WhatsApp’s AI Shows Gun-Wielding Children
When Prompted with “Palestine,” The Guardian (Nov. 3, 2023),
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/nov/02/
whatsapps-ai-palestine-kids-gun-gaza-bias-israel.
71 Briefing on the Palestinian Digital Rights Situation Since
October 7th, 7amleh (2023), https://7amleh.org/storage/Briefing%20
October%207th%20-6E.pdf.
72 Natalie Korach & Sharon Knolle, MSNBC Commits to ‘Thoroughly’
Covering Hamas Attacks ‘In All Their Dimensions’ After Reports ofBenching Muslim Anchors, The Wrap (Oct. 16, 2023), https://www.
thewrap.com/msnbc-denies-sidelining-muslim-anchors-israel-hamascoverage/.
73 Adam Johnson & Othman Ali, Coverage of Gaza War in the New
York Times and Other Major Newspapers Heavily Favored Israel,
Analysis Shows, The Intercept (Jan. 9, 2024), https://theintercept.
com/2024/01/09/newspapers-israel-palestine-bias-new-york-times/.
74 Josh Peck, Students and Admin Say SAC President Violated Free
Speech Rights Over Palestine Event, Texas Standard (Dec. 14, 2023),
https://www.texasstandard.org/stories/san-antonio-texas-palestineteach-in-event-free-speech-sac-alamo-colleges-district/.
75 Marjoire Valbrun, San Antonio College President Reassigned,
Inside Higher Ed (Mar. 19, 2024), https://www.insidehighered.
com/news/quick-takes/2024/03/19/san-antonio-college-presidentreassigned.
76 Sunaya Mueller, Students and Faculty Say Barnard Administration
Has Undermined Academic Freedom, Barnard Bulletin (Nov. 14,2023),
https://thebarnardbulletin.com/2023/11/14/students-andfaculty-say-barnard-administration-has-undermined-academicfreedom/.
77 Kathryn Palmer, Documentary Fuels Academic Freedom Debates,
Inside Higher Ed (Dec. 7, 2023), https://www.insidehighered.
com/news/students/free-speech/2023/12/07/documentary-fuelsacademic-freedom-debates.

58

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

78 Chris McGreal, Pro-Palestinian Views Face Suppression in US
Amid Israel-Hamas War, The Guardian (Oct. 21, 2023), https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/oct/21/israel-hamas-conflictpalestinian-voices-censored.
79 Zachary Small, Indiana University Cancels Major Exhibitionof Palestinian Artist, NYT (Jan. 11, 2024), https://www.nytimes.
com/2024/01/11/arts/design/indiana-university-samia-halabyexhibition-canceled.html.
80 Samantha Delouya, Texas Hilton Cancels Conference Hosted byPalestinian Rights Group, Citing “Escalating Security Concerns,” CNN(Oct. 18, 2023), https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/18/business/hiltonhotel-texas-palestine-israel/index.html.
81
Ismail Allison, BREAKING: Terror Threats Force Va.
Marriott Hotel to Cancel CAIR’s Annual Banquet, CAIR (Oct.
19,2023),
https://www.cair.com/press_releases/breakingterror-threats-force-va-marriott-hotel-to-cancel-cairs-annualb a n q u e t / # : ~ : t e x t = ( WA S H I N G T O N % 2 C % 2 0 D C % 2 0 – % 2 0
10%2F,multiple%20terror%20threats%20targeting%20the.
82 E-mail from NYCLU to David Banks, Chancellor, New York
Pub. Sch. (Dec. 19, 2023), https://www.nyclu.org/sites/default/
files/12_19_23_nyclu_letter_to_nycps_re_student_protest.pdf.
83 Coalition for Liberated Ethnic Studies [@liberated.esc], Bio,
Instagram (May 21, 2024), https://www.instagram.com/liberated.
esc/?hl=en.
84 Coalition for Liberated Ethnic Studies, Campaigns (May 21, 2024),
https://ethnicstudies-coalition.org/campaigns/
85 Adren Margulis and Ben Siegel, Teachers Required to Release
Text Messages and More Amidst Ethnic Studies Controversy, M-A
Chronicle (Feb. 1, 2024), https://machronicle.com/breaking-newsteachers-required-to-release-text-messages-and-more-amidst-ethnicstudies-controversy/.
86 Anti-Boycott, Palestine Legal, https://legislation.palestinelegal.
org/types-of-legislation/#anti-boycott (last visited Apr. 11, 2024).
87 H.R.Res. 775, 118th Cong. (2023).
88 H.R.Res. 849, 118th Cong. (2023).
89 H.R.Res. 418, 118th Cong. (2023).
90 H.R.Res. 772, 118th Cong. (2023).
91

Anti-Palestinian at the Core, Palestine Legal and the Ctr. forPalestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

59Constitutional Rts. (Feb. 2024), https://static1.squarespace.com/
static/548748b1e4b083fc03ebf70e/t/65d637d9f2843f3855780
ae3/1708537837536/Anti-Palestinian+at+the+Core-.pdf.
92 H.R. 6250, 118th Cong. (2023).
93 H.R. 6419, 118th Cong. (2023).
94 Distorted Definition: Redefining Antisemitism to Silence Advocacy
for Palestinian Rights, Palestine Legal, https://palestinelegal.org/
distorted-definition, (last visited Apr. 11, 2024).
95 H.R. 6408, 118th Cong. (2023).
96 FMEP Legislative Round-Up, FMEP (Dec. 1, 2023), https://fmep.
org/resource/fmep-legislative-round-up-december-1-2023/.
97 H.R. 6211, 118th Cong. (2023).
98 H.R. Res. 796, 118th Cong. (2023).
99 H.R. 6200, 118th Cong. (2023).
100 Aurora Ellis, US City Councils Increasingly Call for IsraelGaza Ceasefire, Analysis Shows, U.S. News (Jan. 31, 2024), https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2024-01-31/us-city-councilsincreasingly-call-for-israel-gaza-ceasefire-analysis-shows.
101 H.R. Res. 942, 118th Cong. (2023).
102 H.R. 31-C, Sess. 2023C. (Fl. 2023).
103 S.F. 3365, 93rd. Leg. (Mn. 2023).

60

Palestine Legal - Reverberations of Oct. 7

palestinelegal.org@pal_legal
info@palestinelegal.org
637 S. Dearborn Street
3rd Floor
Chicago, IL 60605
Published May 2024