CONTENTSINTRODUCTORY NOTE............................................................................................... v
PART ONEANNUAL REPORT FOR 2002
Main Activities of UNAFEI...............................................................................................3UNAFEI Work Programme for 2003 ..............................................................................14
Appendix ..........................................................................................................................16PART TWOWORK PRODUCT OF THE 121ST
INTERNATIONAL TRAINING COURSE“Enhancement of Community-Based Alternatives to Incarceration at all
Stages of the Criminal Justice Process”
Visiting Experts’ Papers• Prisoner Rates: Global Trends and Local Exceptions
by Dr. Tapio Lappi-Seppälä (Finland)...............................................................37• Techniques in Enhancing Community-Based Alternatives to Incarceration –A European Perspective
by Dr. Tapio Lappi-Seppälä (Finland)...............................................................61• Enhancing the Community Alternatives –Getting the Measures Accepted and Implemented
by Dr. Tapio Lappi-Seppälä (Finland) ..............................................................88• Community-Based Alternatives to Incarceration in Canada
by Mr. Richard Zubrycki (Canada) ....................................................................98• A Setting for Australian Drug Diversion Programmes – The Australian Drug
Strategic Framework
by Mr. Stephan Vaughan (Australia) ...............................................................123• Australian Diversionary Programmes – An Alternative to Imprisonment for Drugand Alcohol Offenders
by Mr. Stephan Vaughan (Australia) ..............................................................143• Community-Based Rehabilitation of Offenders in Singapore
by Ms. Bee Lian Ang (Singapore) ......................................................................166• Volunteer Management in the Probation Service – The Case of Singapore
by Ms. Bee Lian Ang (Singapore) .....................................................................174• From Community Sanctions to Restorative Justice – The Belgian Example
by Prof. Tony Peters (Belgium) .........................................................................180iii

•The Community Service Order in Korea
by Dr. Woo Sik Chung (Korea) ..........................................................................212•The Volunteer Probation Officer System in Korea
by Dr. Woo Sik Chung (Korea) ..........................................................................227
Participants’ Papers•The Maldives Criminal Justice System – An Alternative Method for Punishment
by Mr. Haleem Mohamed (Maldives) ................................................................245•Enhancement of Community-Based Alternatives to Incarceration at all Stages ofthe Criminal Justice Process in South Africa
by Mr. Ronald Mpuru Ntuli and Mr. Sonwabo Victor Dlula (South Africa)...250•The Criminal Justice System and Community-Based Treatment of Offenders inThailand
by Ms. Kanokpun Kalyanasuta and Ms. Atchara Suriyawong (Thailand) .....265•Resolving Prison Overcrowding: The Enlargement of Community-BasedTreatment in Korea
by Mr. Joung Jun Lee (Republic of Korea) ........................................................294
Reports of the Course•Enhancement of Community-Based Alternatives to Incarceration at thePre-Sentencing Stage
By Group 1 .........................................................................................................304• Enhancement of Community-Based Alternatives to Incarceration at theSentencing Stage of the Criminal Justice Process
By Group 2 .........................................................................................................323•Enhancement of Community-Based Alternatives to Incarceration at thePost-Sentencing Stage
By Group 3 .........................................................................................................335
APPENDIX ...................................................................................................................355

iv