The 2nd NIBB-MPIPZ Joint Symposium

Plant Science
Communications 2010
November 16th (Tue) - 18th (Thu), 2010
Okazaki Conference Center
Aichi, Japan

Preface

Dear Colleagues:
We are pleased to announce that the joint symposium on “Plant Science
Communications 2010” will be held from November 16th to 18th, 2010 at the Okazaki
Conference Center, Okazaki, Japan. In 2009, the National Institute for Basic Biology(NIBB) in a mutual effort to promote research in the field of plant sciences, joined hands with
the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research (MPIPZ) in a new initiative aimed at
stimulating academic and scholarly exchange. Also, NIBB has joined hands with theSingapore’s Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory (TLL) in an academic cooperation program.
While continuing to expand the cooperative program with the JSPS Machida Plant Meristems
Project at the leading edge of plant development research in Japan, NIBB aims at expanding
the boarders of the plant sciences community.
This international joint symposium supported by NIBB, MPIPZ, TLL and Machida
Plant Meristems Project, is dedicated to providing opportunities to create new networks ofplant scientists.
The organizing committee would like to express our sincere thanks to all participants
and we intend to provide you with an exciting and unforgettable scientific experience.
Best regards,
Masayoshi Kawaguchi
Mitsuyasu Hasebe
Kiyotaka Okada
Organizers, Plant Science Communications 2010
National Institute for Basic Biology

2Okazaki MAP

Okazaki Conference Center (OCC)3

Program
November 16th, Tuesday
09:00-09:10

Opening Remarks
Masayoshi Kawaguchi NIBB, Japan

Session 1
Chair: Masayoshi Kawaguchi
09:10-09:20

Introduction of NIBB
Kiyotaka Okada

09:20-10:00

Director-General, NIBB, Japan

Keynote Lecture“Biogenesis and Functional Differentiation of Plant Peroxisomes”
Mikio Nishimura

10:00-10:30

NIBB, Japan“Plant-Unique Endosomal Trafficking Pathways Regulated by ARA6”
Takashi Ueda

10:30-10:45

Univ. of Tokyo, Japan

Coffee BreakSession 2
Chair: Mitsuyasu Hasebe
10:45-10:55

Introduction of MPIPZ
Maarten Koornneef

10:55-11:25

MPIPZ, Germany“Natural Variation in Arabidopsis Reveals Gene Functions and Signatures of
Selection”
Maarten Koornneef

11:25-11:55

MPIPZ, Germany“RNA-seq Analysis in Tomato and Its Wild Relatives”
José Jiménez-Gómez

11:55-13:20

MPIPZ, Germany

Lunch

Session 3
Chair: Mikio Nishimura
13:20-13:30

Introduction of TLL
Toshiro Ito

13:30-14:00

TLL, Singapore“Developmental Timing Control by Chromatin Remodeling”
Toshiro Ito

14:00-14:30

TLL, Singapore“The Battle of Histone Marks: Transposons Cause Natural Variation of
Adjacent H3K27me3 Domains in Arabidopsis thaliana”
Franziska Turck

MPIPZ, Germany414:30-15:00“Secreted Peptide Signals Required for Maintenance of Root Stem Cell
Niche in Arabidopsis”
Yoshikatsu Matsubayashi

15:00-15:20

Nagoya Univ., Japan

Coffee BreakSession 4
Chair: Yoshikatsu Matsubayashi
15:20-15:30

Introduction of JSPS Machida Plant Meristems Project
Yasunori Machida

15:30-16:00

Nagoya Univ., Japan“Cyclin-Dependent Kinases of Plants Control Activity of the MAPK Cascade
That Is Required for Cytokinesis and Affects Asymmetric Cell Division”
Yasunori Machida

16:00-16:30

Nagoya Univ., Japan“Molecular Mechanisms of the Integration of Flowering Signals”
Hao YuTLL, Singapore

16:30-17:00“Proteasome Activity Profiling and Imaging Elucidates Mechanisms andBiological Roles of the Bacterial Nonribosomal Effector SylA”
Renier van der Hoorn MPIPZ, Germany

17:00-17:20

Coffee BreakSession 5
Chair: Yuji Hiwatashi
17:20-17:50“Maintenance of Vascular Stem Cell Activity by TDIF Peptide”
Hiroo Fukuda

17:50-18:20

Univ. of Tokyo, Japan“A Supercomplex of Supercomplexes Driving Cyclic Electron Flow in
Photosynthesis”
Jun Minagawa

18:20-18:30

NIBB, Japan“Application of Bioimage Data in Plant Organelle Research: Construction of
the Plant Organelles Database 2 (PODB2) and Their Use for
Computer-Assisted Analysis”
Shoji Mano

18:30-

NIBB, Japan

Dinner & Poster Session

November 17th, Wednesday
09:00-09:45

Lab Tour 1

09:45-10:30
10:30-10:50

Lab Tour 2Move to OCC

5

Session 6
Chair: Kiyoshi Tatematsu
10:50-11:10“Molecular Analysis of Seed Dormancy QTL DOG1 in Arabidopsis
thaliana”
Kazumi Nakabayashi

11:10-11:30

MPIPZ, Germany“Mechanisms of ER Body Formation and Its Possible Function in
Arabidopsis thaliana”
Kenji Yamada

11:30-11:50

NIBB, Japan“Laser Capture Microdissection of the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem to
Identify Genes Involved in the Floral Transition”

11:50-12:10

Stefano Torti
MPIPZ, Germany“SSA Controls a Leaf Adaxial-Abaxial Polarity”
Koichi Toyokura

12:10-12:20

Take photos

12:20-13:30

Lunch

NIBB, Japan

Session 7
Chair: Jun Minagawa
13:30-14:10

Keynote Lecture“Extreme Parasitism, Functional Tradeoffs, and Dollo’s Law of
Irreversibility”
Paul Schulze-Lefert

14:10-14:40

MPIPZ, Germany“Molecular Recognition of Rice R gene Xa10 by TAL Effector AvrXa10”
Zhongchao Yin

14:40-15:10

TLL, Singapore“Receptor Quality Control and Signaling from MAMP Recognition to
Robust Immune Activation in Plants”
Yusuke Saijo

15:10-15:25

MPIPZ, Germany

Coffee BreakSession 8
Chair: Takuya Suzaki
15:25-15:55“Regulation of Mycorrhizal Phosphate Uptake”
Marcel Bucher

15:55-16:25

Univ. Cologne, Germany“Molecular Analysis of Symbiotic Systems in Leguminous Plants”
Naoya Takeda

NIBB, Japan6

16:25-16:55“The Molecular Regulation of Seed Dormancy in Arabidopsis”
Wim Soppe

16:55-17:10

MPIPZ, Germany

Coffee BreakSession 9
Chair: Atsushi Hoshino
17:10-17:40“Asymmetries of DNA Methyltransferases Activity between Male andFemale Gametes Cause Imprinting in the Arabidopsis Endosperm”
Frederic Berger

17:40-18:10

TLL, Singapore“Regulation of Epidermal Cell Pattern through Three Secretory Peptides ”
Tatsuo Kakimoto

Osaka Univ., Japan

18:10-18:40“Mechanism of Cell Partitioning as Revealed by Live Cell Imaging”

18:40-

Takashi Murata
Reception

NIBB, Japan

November 18th, Thursday
Session 10
Chair: Kazuo Tsugane
09:00-09:30“Regulation of Flowering by the FT Florigen and Its Antagonist TFL1”
Takashi Araki

09:30-10:00

Kyoto Univ., Japan“Control of the Floral Transition by Histone H3 Lysine-4 Methylation and
Demethylation”
Yuehui He

10:00-10:20

TLL, Singapore

Coffee BreakSession 11
Chair: Yosuke Tamada
10:20-10:50“Seasonal Flowering in Annual and Perennial Plants”
George Coupland

10:50-11:20

MPIPZ, Germany“Structure and Function of Rice Hd3a Florigen”
Ko Shimamoto

11:20-11:50

NAIST, Japan“Sustaining the Plant Circadian Clock”
Seth J. Davis

11:50-12:00

MPIPZ, Germany

Closing Remarks
George Coupland

MPIPZ, Germany

7

POSTER PRESENTATION
P01“Positive Autoregulation of KNOX Genes in Rice”
Katsutoshi Tsuda (NIG, Japan)
P02“Leaflet Patterning on Compound Leaf”
Momoko Ikeuchi (Univ. of Tokyo, NIBB, Japan)
P03“RPK2 Mediates CLV3 Signal in Arabidopsis”
Shinichiro Sawa (Kumamoto Univ., Japan)
P04“WOX1 and PRS Gene Functions during Leaf Development”
Miyuki Nakata (NIBB, Japan)
P05“General and Specific Roles of Ribosomes in Leaf Development”
Gorou Horiguchi (Rikkyo Univ., Japan)
P06“Transcriptional Regulation of Cell Expansion in Arabidopsis”
Christian Breuer (RIKEN PSC, Japan)
P07“Auxin-Inducible LBD/ASL Members Regulate Lateral Root Formation”
Tatsuaki Goh (Kobe Univ., Japan)
P08“Chloroplast Development Affects Leaf Adaxial and Abaxial Domain Sizes in
Arabidopsis.”Toshiaki Tameshige (NIBB, Japan)
P09“Identifying Gene(s) Essential for the Initiation of Embryogenesis”
Tomokazu Kawashima (TLL, Singapore)
P10“AP2 Transcription Factors Determine Stem Cell Identity in the Moss Physcomitrella
patens”
Tsuyoshi Aoyama (NIBB, Japan)
P11“Genetic Framework of Leaf Blade Flattening in Unifacial Leaves”
Takahiro Yamaguchi (NIBB, Japan)

8

P12“Regulatory Mechanisms of Initiation of a Sporophyte-Like Stem Cell in Physcomitrella
patens CURFY LEAF Deletion Mutants”
Yuji Hiwatashi (NIBB, Japan)
P13“TONSOKU Repress Cell Cycle Checkpoint Activity Dependent on ATR”
Takamasa Suzuki (Nagoya Univ., Japan)
P14“Pattern Formation of Plant Leaf Venation”
Hirionori Fujita (NIBB, Japan)
P15“miR165/166 Might Regulate Non-Cell-Autonomously the Expression Domains of
HD-Zip III in Arabidopsis Leaf Primordia.”
Kiyoshi Tatematsu (NIBB, Japan)
P16“Identification of a Novel Transcription Factor Regulating Cuticle Development inArabidopsis.”
Yoshimi Oshima (AIST, Japan)
P17“IR Laser Mediated Gene Induction in a Single Pericycle Cell of Arabidopsis”
Hiroko Urawa (NIBB, Japan)
P18“Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Regulated by the CLAVATA Receptors Contributes
to the Shoot Apical Meristem Homeostasis”
Shigeyuki Betsuyaku (Univ. of Tokyo, Japan)
P19“Dual Repression of Expression of ETT/ARF3 and ARF4 Genes by ASYMMETRICLEAVES2 (AS2) and AS1 for Establishment of the Leaf Polarity in Arabidopsis
thaliana”
Chiyoko Machida (Chubu Univ., Japan)
P20“Elongator Proteins Affect the Establishment of Leaf Polarity in Arabidopsis thaliana”
Shoko Kojima (Chubu Univ., Japan)
P21“Genome-Wide and Expression Analyses of Potential G-quadruplex-forming Sequencesin Arabidopsis thaliana”
Ayami Nakagawa (Chubu Univ., Japan)

9

P22“Arabidopsis TERMINAL FLOWER 1 Plays a Negative Role in Flowering Time andInflorescence Development through the Transcriptional Repression”
Shigeru Hanano (RIBS Okayam, Japan)
P23“The Gene Activation Cascade for Flowering by Short Day Signal in Chrysanthemum”
Atsushi Oda (NIFS, Japan)
P24“Digital Gene Expression Profiling of a Reprogramming, a Process from DifferentiatedLeaf Cells to Pluripotent Stem Cells, in the Moss Physcomitrella patens by Feasible
5’-end Sequencing of mRNAs”
Tetsuya Kurata (NAIST, Japan)
P25“Temperature-Dependent Transposition of Tam3 in Antirrhinum is Performed byControl of Nuclear Import of Transposase”
Yuji Kishima (Hokkaido Univ., Japan)
P26“Epigenetic Regulation of Flower Variegation in the Morning Glory”
Atsushi Hoshino (NIBB, Japan)
P27“Transposition and Target Preferences of an Active Nonautonomous DNA Transposon
nDart1 and Its Epigenetic Regulation in Rice.”
Kazuo Tsugane (NIBB, Japan)
P28“Genome-Wide Analyses of mRNA Expression and Histone H3 Methylation in
Physcomitrella patens curly leaf Mutant”
Yosuke Tamada (NIBB, Japan)
P29“A Genetic Dissection of DNA De-methylation Using Arabidopis Endosperm”
Diana Buzas (NAIST, Japan)
P30“Fe-Hydrogenase Deficiency Impaired Expression of Imprinted Gene FWA in the
Endosperm.”
Miyuki Nakamura (NAIST, Japan)
P31“Genetic Analysis of the Mutants of Rice Three DNA Methyltransferase Genes,
OsDRM2, OsDRM-like (OsDRM-L), and OsCMT3a Generated by Homologous
Recombination-Mediated Gene Targeting”
Satoru Moritoh (NIPS, Japan)

10

P32
“HS3 (HEAVY SEED3) Regulates Transcriptional Activity of Chloroplast Genome in
Seedling and Embryo of Arabidopsis”
Masatake Kanai (NIBB, Japan)
P33“Regulation of ROS-Producing Activity of an Arabidopsis NADPH oxidase, AtrbohF, byBinding of Ca2+ and Phosphorylation.”
Sachie Kimura (Tokyo Univ. of Sci., Japan)
P34“Exploiting Ragi (Eleusine coracana) for Identifying Novel Genes Associated with
Salinity Tolerance”
Kishor Shedage (Ehime Univ., Japan)
P35“Novel Small Open Reading Frames Which Regulate Plant Immunity”
Rebecca Lyons (RIKEN, Japan)
P36“Using Small Molecules to Investigate Plant Immunity”
Ivana Saska (RIKEN, Japan)
P37“Genetic Analysis of Nodulation and an Application of Heat-Shock Mediated Gene
Induction System to Lotus japonicus”
Takuya Suzaki (NIBB, Japan)
P38“Nod Factor/Nitrate-responsive CLE Genes Induce Systemic and HAR1-Dependent
Regulation of Nodulation”
Satoru Okamoto (NIBB, Japan)
P39“KLV Mediates the Long-Distance Negative Control of Nodulation in Lotus japonicus
and Interacts with HAR1”
Hikota Miyazawa (NIBB, Japan)
P40“Plant-Specific APM9 Is Essential for Peroxisome Biogenesis in Arabidopsis”
Shino Goto (NIBB, Japan)
P41“Identification and Characterization about Arabidopsis Aberrant Peroxisome
Morphology Mutants Exhibiting Defects in Peroxisome Biogenesis”
Shoji Mano (NIBB, Japan)
P42“Analysis of Trans-Golgi Network (TGN) Dynamics in Plants”
Tomohiro Uemura (Univ. of Tokyo, Japan)

11

P43
“Proteomic Identification of Novel Factors Regulating Peroxisomal Protein Import inArabidopsis”
Songkui Cui (NIBB, Japan)
P44“A Defect of Autophagy Causes the Accumulation of Catalases with Low-Activity in
Peroxisomes in Arabidopsis thaliana.”
Michitaro Shibata (NIBB, Japan)
P45“Quantitative Proteome Analysis of Peroxisomal Transition in Soybean Cotyledons”
Atsushi Nakai (NIBB, Japan)
P46“Light-Dependent Interaction among Peroxisomes, Mitochondria, and Chloroplasts in
Photosynthetic Tissue of Arabidopsis”
Kazusato Oikawa (NIBB, Japan)
P47“The MAP Kinase MPK4 Is Required for Cytokinesis in Arabidopsis thaliana”
Ken Kosetsu (Nagoya Univ., Japan)

12

November 16th, 2010

Session 1-1

Keynote Lecture

Biogenesis and Functional Differentiation of Plant Peroxisomes
Mikio NISHIMURA1, 2, Makoto HAYASHI1, 2, Shoji MANO1, 2, Maki KONDO1
Kazusato OIKAWA1, Shino GOTO1, 2, Atsushi NAKAI1, 2, Songkui CUI1, 2
and Michitaro SHIBATA1, 2
1
2

Department of Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan;
Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, The Graduate University of Advanced
Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan

Peroxisomes in higher plant cells are known to differentiate infunction depending on the cell type. By a comprehensive survey ofperoxisomal genes in the entire Arabidopsis genome, we found 286
candidates of peroxisomal genes. They included all genes forperoxisomal enzymes reported up to date, and most of them encoded
functionally unknown proteins in peroxisomes. Analyses of gene
expression profiles revealed that peroxisomal differentiation is causedby the expression of specific genes that are induced in specific organs
in addition to constitutively expressed genes. The clustering analyses
suggested that basic foundations of peroxisome were xidation (1),
H2O2 degradation, branched chain amino acid catabolism and some unknown functions, andthat peroxisomes in seedlings, cotyledons, leaves and roots were differentiated byorgan-specific expressed genes.
To understand biogenesis and functional differentiation of peroxisomes, we isolated anumber of Arabidopsis mutants having aberrant morphology (apm) and different function of(ped) peroxisomes. In this presentation, we identified the components responsible for
peroxisomal biogenesis and function from the analyses of these mutants. We show themechanism on biogenesis (2) and dynamic features (3) of plant peroxisomes including directinteraction of peroxisomes and other organelles by visualization of peroxisomes in the cell.
References:
1. Arai, Y., M. Hayashi and M. Nishimura (2008) Plant Cell 20, 3227-3240.
2. Singh, T., S. Mano, M. Hayashi, Y. Arai, S. Goto and M. Nishimura (2009) Plant J. 60,
488-498.
3. Kamigaki, A., M. Kondo, M. Hayashi and M. Nishimura (2009) Plant Cell Physiol. 50,
2034-2046.

14

Session 1-2
Plant-Unique Endosomal Trafficking Pathways Regulated by ARA6
Takashi Ueda
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo,
Tokyo 113-0033, JapanAll eukaryotic cells comprise various single membrane-boundorganelles, which are interconnected by the trafficking system
mediated by vesicular and/or tubular membrane carriers. This system,
membrane traffic, plays fundamental roles in various cellularfunctions including maintenance of organelle identity, transport andretention of organelle resident proteins, and intra- and inter-cellularsignaling. Rab GTPases and SNARE molecules are evolutionary
conserved key players regulating tethering and fusion steps between
donor and target membranes. Recent comparative genomics suggested
that the diversification of membrane trafficking pathways ineukaryotic cells was achieved by paralogous gene expansion of organelle identity molecules
such as Rabs and SNAREs. In addition to the increase in the net number of these genes,
plants also seem to have acquired new Rab and SNARE genes tailored to fulfill plant-uniquefunctions.
ARA6, an A. thaliana RAB5-related small GTPase with remarkable structuralcharacteristics, is a good example of the plant-unique regulators of membrane traffic. ARA6
was localized on a subpopulation of endosomes, which indicated that ARA6 is associatedwith some endosomal function. In addition to ARA6, plants also harbor orthologs of animal
RAB5, but it was unknown why plants evolved two distinct types of RAB5 and how theydiffered functionally. Our genetic, biochemical, and cell biological analyses have been
revealing their interesting functions, which indicates that land plants have evolved quite
unique post-Golgi trafficking pathways.

15

Session 2-1
Natural Variation in Arabidopsis Reveals Gene Functions and Signaturesof Selection
Rubén Alcázar, Ana V. García, Ilkka Kronholm, Juliette de Meaux, Jane Parker, Matthieu
Reymond and Maarten Koornneef
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding
Research, Carl von Linné Weg 10, D-50829 Cologne, Germany
Natural variation in plants, even in model species such as
Arabidopsis thaliana allows the identification of the function ofgenes in addition to mutant approaches. This variation in nature
represents genetic variation that might reflect adaptation to local
environments, although some of this variation results from thedemographic history etc. A QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) approach iscommonly used to decipher genetic differences between accessions.
To address whether the genes identified are under natural selection,
molecular population genetic as well as ecological experiments canbe carried out. The occurrence of novel phenotypes in the progeny ofinter-accession crosses can, in most cases, be explained by epistatic interactions between
specific alleles from the two parents. An example of this phenomenon concerns the molecular
genetic basis of lines with reduced fitness segregating in specific mapping populations at low
temperature. We have revealed that some allele combinations between genes involved inplant immunity underlies the observed phenotypes. This identified a novel component of theplant immune system but also identified signatures of local adaptation at one of the lociinvolved. Different alleles at this locus provide contrasted thresholds for pathogen resistance,
which suggests that the adaptive fine-tuning of adequate defense responses has the potential
to promote the emergence of incompatibilities between genotypes of one species, which canlead to post-zygotic isolation barriers.
References:
1. Alcázar et al., (2009) PNAS. 106: 334-339.
2. Alcázar et al., (2010) Nature Genetics. in press.

16Session 2-2
RNA-seq Analysis in Tomato and Its Wild Relatives
José M Jiménez-Gómez1,3, Dan Koenig1, Ravi Kumar1, Seisuke Kimura1, Jie Peng2, Neelima
Sinha1 and Julin N Maloof1
1

Department of Plant Biology, or 2Department of Statistics, University of California Davis,
Davis, CA 95616, USA; 3 Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics,
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany

Wild tomato species are native to diverse habitats in SouthAmerica and show wide morphological and ecological diversity thathas proven useful in breeding programs. The current high throughput
sequencing technologies have the ability to characterize genome-wide
genetic variation in sequences, expression profiles and other molecular
events with phenotypic effect. It is becoming clear that the information
generated using these technologies together with the abundant
information available in the databases allow for novel integrative
approaches that can help us identify genes and pathways that are
responsible for the phenotypic variation found in nature.
We have used RNA-seq to sequence cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) andthree wild relatives: S. pennellii, S. habrochaites and S. pimpinellifolium, generating up to
50x -150x coverage of their transcriptome. Since only a draft of the genome sequence ofcultivated tomato is currently available, it was required to combine well-establishedmethodologies with custom protocols to effectively obtain relevant information from theshort reads generated from the wild species. Our approaches have allowed us to infer
genome-wide polymorphisms, as well as species-specific expression differences andalternative splicing events. I will present the rationale behind the bioinformatic protocols
used for our analysis, and the results obtained in sequence diversity and expression
divergence. In addition, we are now integrating the functional and evolutionary information
obtained to identify candidate genes underlying phenotypic variation between tomato and its
wild relatives.

17

Session 3-1
Developmental Timing Control by Chromatin Remodeling
Bo Sun1, Zemiao He1, Eng-Seng Gan1 and Toshiro Ito1, 2, 3
1

Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory 117604, Singapore; 2National University of Singapore
117534, Singapore; 3 PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Japan

Unlike shoots, flowers have determinate structures. In flower
development, stem cell activity is terminated after a proper number offloral organs are created. The negative feedback pathway of the stem
cell determinant WUSCHEL (WUS) and the floral homeotic protein
AGAMOUS (AG) plays a major role for the meristem determinacy
control in Arabidopsis. AG is the evolutionary conserved C class genein the genetic ABC, and encodes a MADS domain transcription factor.
AG is directly induced by the homeodomain protein WUS functioning
cooperatively with other transcriptional factors in the center of floral
primordia at stage 3 of flower development, and then AG starts tospecify reproductive organ identities. WUS and AG are co-expressed for about two days.
When floral buds reach at stage 6, AG represses WUS expression to terminate floral stem cell
activity. Thus, AG integrates stem cell regulation with floral patterning events, and the stricttiming regulation of each genetic pathway is essential for coordinated growth anddifferentiation. We recently showed that KNUCKLES (KNU), a C2H2-type zinc finger protein
is a direct target of AG, mediating the repression of WUS. The main topic of my talk will beon how AG controls KNU expression at the right developmental timing. We show that theKNU locus contains the repressive histone mark H3Lys27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3) andthat the AG-dependent removal of the mark is followed by KNU activation, which happens ina cell-cycle dependent manner. We further show that AG binding sites contain the landing site
for a Polycomb Group (PcG) protein necessary for the maintenance of H3K27me3. These
results indicate that the competition of AG with the PcG leads to dilution of H3K27me3
during cell division. I will present our model on how the transcription factor AG controls a
specific target in a proper developmental timing through chromatin remodeling to coordinate
stem cell growth and floral differentiation.

18

Session 3-2
The Battle of Histone Marks: Transposons Cause Natural Variation of
Adjacent H3K27me3 Domains in Arabidopsis thaliana
Franziska Turck, Julia Reimer, Heiko Schoof, Xue Dong, Ulrike Göbel and Julia Engelhorn
Department of Plant Developmental Biolog, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding
Research, Köln 50829, Germany
Natural variation is the summary of phenotypic changes causedby small sequence difference between accessions of the same species.
So far, little is known about the epigenetic effects of these sequence
differences. Epigenetic effects that cause natural variation cannot be
detected on the sequence level but require additional analysis of stable
chromatin modifications.
Two histone marks are implicated in stable, epigenetic gene
repression in Arabidopsis thaliana, the meiotically inherited H3K9me2
mark enriched in heterochromatin and the Polycomb Group associatedH3K27me3 mark capable to ensure mitotically stable gene repression.
The H3K27me3 pathway is important for the proper regulation of many key developmental
regulators in time and space and therefore crucial for plant development. Our group uses
ChIP-chip and ChIP-Seq techniques to study cross-talk between the two chromatin repression
pathways. We found that H3K9me2 and H3K27me3 are mutually exclusive and therefore
often occur in sharply delimited adjacent locations. Most natural variation of the H3K27me3
mark detected between the Col and Ler accessions can be explained by shifted borders withadjacent H3K9me2 regions. Interestingly, only in half of the cases, the inheritance of themarks remains allelic whereas the others cases show a disappearance of the H3K27me3 markin F1 hybrids of Col and Ler. In the future we will assess whether these epigenetic changes
remain stable in segregating populations.

19Session 3-3
Secreted Peptide Signals Required for Maintenance of Root Stem Cell
Niche in Arabidopsis
Yo Matsuzaki, Mari Ogawa-Ohnishi, Ayaka Mori and Yoshikatsu Matsubayashi
Graduate School of Bio-Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa,
Nagoya 464-8601, JAPAN
Secreted peptides are now recognized as important members ofintercellular signals that coordinate and specify cellular functions inplants. Some of the secreted peptide hormones undergo complex
post-translational modifications that are mediated by specific enzymes
which recognize multiple target peptides. Because such modifications
are generally critical for the functions of individual peptide hormones,
the presence of novel peptide hormones should be revealed throughphenotypic analysis of the mutants of post-translational modification
enzymes.
Tyrosine sulfation is a post-translational modification that has
been found in several peptide hormones in plants. This modification is mediated bytyrosylprotein sulfotransferase (TPST). In loss-of-function mutant of TPST (tpst-1), root
meristematic activity is considerably decreased and root stem cells are not maintained.
Because known tyrosine sulfated peptide hormones did not recover these defects of tpst-1, we
speculated that an as-yet undiscovered tyrosine-sulfated peptide(s) regulates root
meristematic activity and maintenance of the stem cell niche in Arabidopsis.
To identify this peptide signal, we searched the Arabidopsis genome for genes likely to
encode sulfated peptide(s), determined their mature peptide structures and tested theiractivities to recover defects of tpst-1 mutant. We identified a family of functionally redundant
homologous peptides that are secreted, tyrosine-sulfated, and expressed mainly in the stem
cell area and the innermost layer of central columella cells. We named these peptides root
meristem growth factors (RGF). RGFs are required for maintenance of the root stem cellniche and transit amplifying cell proliferation in Arabidopsis. RGF1 defines expression levels
and patterns of the stem cell transcription factor PLETHORA mainly at the
post-transcriptional level. The RGFs function independently of the auxin pathway. Our results
reveal that secreted peptide signals play a crucial role in root meristem development.
Reference:
1. Matsuzaki Y. et al. Science 329, 1065-1067 (2010)20

Session 4-1
Cyclin-Dependent Kinases of Plants Control Activity of the MAPK
Cascade That Is Required for Cytokinesis and Affects Asymmetric Cell
Division
Yasunori Machida1, Michiko Sasabe1, Véronique Boudolf3, Lieven De Veylder3, Dirk Inzé3
and Chiyoko Machida2
1

Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya,464-8602, Japan; 2Plant Biology Research Center, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Chubu University, Kasugai, 487-8501, Japan; 3Department of Plant Systems Biology,
Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
Duplicated chromosomes and cytoplasm are precisely distributed
to two daughter cells during cytokinesis, which is spatially andtemporally controlled. In plants, cytokinesis is achieved by theformation of the cell plate, which occurs in phragmoplast. A pathwaythat includes the NACK1 kinesin-like protein (KLP) and the MAP
kinase (MAPK) cascade has been shown to play a key role in thecontrol of cytokinesis in tobacco cells (1, 2, 3, 4). Mutations in genes
for some of the components exhibit abnormality of asymmetric cell
division. The MAP kinase cascade consists of NPK1 MAPKKK,NQK1 MAPKK and NRK1/NTF6 MAPK. We designated this signal
process as the NACK-PQR pathway (3), which is conserved in Arabidopsis thaliana (5, 6).
Previous studies have shown that the although both NACK1 KLP and NPK1 MAPKKK are
accumulate before metaphase in M phase, NACK1 enhances activity of NPK1 via theinteraction of these proteins only after metaphase (2, 7), which results in activation of thewhole kinase cascade and eventually stimulates the expansion of phragmoplast and theformation of cell plates. How the interaction between NACK1 KLP and NPK1 MAPKKK
can be regulated during the progression of M phase, however, remains largely unknown. We
show here that tobacco cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) phosphorylate specific sequences in
NPK1 and NACK1 in vitro and in vivo before metaphase. We have also shown that thephosphorylation interferes with the interaction between NACK1 and NPK1. The CDKs
appear to repress in the early M phase activation of NPK1 MAPKKK and that
dephosphorylation of NPK1 and NACK1 after metaphase is crucial for activation of the
NACK-PQR pathway and cytokinesis. Plants have two distinct CDKs, CDKa and CDKb. We
have investigated roles of these CDKs in phosphorylation of NPK1 and NACK1. Results ofthese experiments will also be presented.
References:
1. Nishihama et al., Genes Dev. 15, 352-363 (2001).
2. Nishihama et al., Cell 109, 87-99 (2002).
3. Soyanao et al., Genes Dev. 17, 1055-1067 (2003).
4. Sasabe et al., Genes Dev. 20, 1004-1014 (2006).
5. Takahashi et al., Plant Cell Physiol. 51, 1766-1776 (2010).
6. Kosetsu et al., Plant Cell in press (2010).
7. Ishikawa et al., Plant J. 32, 789-798 (2002).

21

Session 4-2
Molecular Mechanisms of the Integration of Flowering Signals
Hao YuDepartment of Biological Sciences and Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National
University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
In Arabidopsis, multiple flowering genetic pathways act in
response to developmental cues and environmental signals converge
on the transcriptional regulation of two major floral pathway
integrators, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and SUPPRESSOR OF
OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1), which in turn activate
floral meristem identity genes to initiate the generation of floral
meristems. The expression of FT and SOC1 is directly regulated by a
key repressor complex that consists of two MADS-box transcription
factors, FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and SHORT VEGETATIVEPHASE (SVP). In the last two decades, intensive investigations haveprogressively unraveled the underlying mechanisms of the integration of flowering signals in
Arabidopsis. This talk will focus on our recent advances in understanding this key
developmental process.
References:
1. Wang et al., (2010) Molecular Cell 37, 112–122.
2. Liu et al., (2009) Developmental Cell 16, 711-722.

22

Session 4-3
Proteasome Activity Profiling and Imaging Elucidates Mechanisms andBiological Roles of the Bacterial Nonribosomal Effector SylA
Johana Misas-Villamil, Izabella Kolodziejek, and Renier A. L. van der Hoorn
The Plant Chemetics laboratory, Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Max
Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany
Protein activities change tremendously during plant-pathogen
interactions but much of this functional information can not be
retrieved from studies on transcriptomes, proteomes or even posttranslational modifications since protein activities are regulated by amultitude of post-translational mechanisms that include interactions
with other proteins and micro environments. The Plant Chemetics lab
studies protein activities during plant-pathogen interactions using
activity-based protein profiling (ABPP). ABPP employs small
molecule probes that react with the active site of protein classes in an
activity dependent manner. The labeling is covalent and irreversible,
facilitating the detection and identification of the labelled proteins. Using different probes, weare able to detect activities of the proteasome, Cys and Ser proteases, lipases, acyltransferases.
As an example, probes for the proteasome are presented. Selective proteasome probes display
and image the activities of all three catalytic subunits of the proteasome in extracts and inliving plants. This method is used to show that Syringolin A (SylA), a small molecule
proteasome inhibitor from the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, targets twoof the three catalytic subunits of the host proteasome. Imaging revealed that SylA
accumulates in the host nucleus. Host proteasome inhibition also occurs during infection with
SylA-producing strains. Studies with a SylA-deficient strain uncovered that SylA suppresses
host cell death and effector-triggered immune responses and promotes distant colonization by
suppressing salicylic acid-mediated signalling and other immune responses.

23

Session 5-1
Maintenance of Vascular Stem Cell Activity by TDIF Peptide
Hiroo Fukuda, Yuki Kondo and Yuki Hirakawa
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science,
The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
In the vascular meristem, procambium and cambium, as vascular
stem cells, differentiate into xylem and phloem cells, while they
proliferate. Using a zinnia xylogenic cell culture, we have identified
TDIF(TRACHEARYELEMENTDIFFERENTIATIONINHIBITORY FACTOR), which is a CLE (CLAVATA3(CLV3)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-related) peptide
modified by hydroxylation but not by glycosylation (Ito et al., 2006).
In Arabidopsis hypocotyls, TDIF is secreted from the phloem andperceived in procambial cells through its receptor, TDR (TDIFRECEPTOR)/PXY (PHLOEM INTERCALATED WITH XYLEM)
belonging to the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase family (Hirakawa et al., 2008). The
TDIF-TDR signal prevents procambial cells from differentiating into xylem vessel cells andpromotes self-renewal of procambial cells. These two processes, inhibition of commitment todifferentiation and self-renewal are two essential characters of stem cell maintenance. Further
analysis revealed that WOX4 is a target transcription factor of the TDIF-TDR signaling
pathway, however WOX4 is involved in promotion of procambial cell proliferation but not insuppression of xylem cell differentiation from procambial cells (Hirakawa et al., 2010). In theshoot apical meristem (SAM), the CLV3-CLV1-WUS signaling pathway regulates stem cellfates to maintain the size of SAM. The components of the CLV3-CLV1-WUS and the
TDIF-TDR-WOX4 signaling pathways are similar but their regulation mechanisms
underlining stem cell maintenance differ. Based on these data, we discuss the regulation ofstem cell fates in plant meristems.
References:
1. Ito et al. Science 313, 842-845, 2006.
2. Hirakawa et al., PNAS 105, 15208-15213, 2008.
3. Hirakawa et al., Plant Cell, 22, 2618-2629, 2010.

24

Session 5-2
A Supercomplex of Supercomplexes Driving Cyclic Electron Flow in
Photosynthesis
Masakazu Iwai1*, Kenji Takizawa1, 2*, Ryutaro Tokutsu1, Akira Okamuro3,
Yuichiro Takahashi3, and Jun Minagawa1,21Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan;
2
National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan;
3
Department of Biology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan*These authors contributed equally to this work.

Photosynthetic light reactions establish electron flow in thechloroplast's thylakoid membranes, leading to the production of the
ATP and NADPH that participate in carbon fixation. Two modes ofelectron flow exist—linear electron flow (LEF) from water to NADP+
via photosystem (PS) II and PSI in series and cyclic electron flow(CEF) around PSI. Although CEF is essential for satisfying thevarying demand for ATP, the exact molecule(s) and operational site areremained elusive. This issue is now addressed directly in the green
alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In this unicellular alga, the electron
flow shifts from LEF to CEF upon preferential excitation of PSII,
which is brought about by an energy balancing mechanism between PSII and PSI (statetransitions). Here, we isolated a protein supercomplex composed of PSI with its own
light-harvesting complex (LHCI), the PSII light-harvesting complex (LHCII), the cytochrome
b6f complex (Cyt bf), ferredoxin (Fd)-NADPH oxidoreductase (FNR), and the integral
membrane protein PGRL1 from C. reinhardtii cells under PSII-favoring conditions.
Spectroscopic analyses indicated that upon illumination, reducing equivalents fromdownstream of PSI were transferred to Cyt bf, while oxidized PSI was re-reduced by
reducing equivalents from Cyt bf, indicating that this supercomplex is engaged in CEF. Thus,
formation and dissociation of the PSI-LHCI-LHCII-FNR-Cyt bf-PGRL1 supercomplex not
only controlled the energy balance of the two photosystems, but also switched the mode ofphotosynthetic electron flow.
References:
1. M. Iwai, K. Takizawa, R. Tokutsu, A. Okamuro, Y. Takahashi, and J. Minagawa, (2010)
Nature 464:1210-1213.
2. M. Iwai, M. Yokono, N. Inada, and J. Minagawa, (2010) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
107:2337-2342.
3. R. Tokutsu, M. Iwai, and J. Minagawa, (2009) J. Biol. Chem. 284:7777-7782.
4. M. Iwai, Y. Takahashi, and J. Minagawa, (2008) Plant Cell 20:2177-2189.
5. H. Takahashi, N. Iwai, Y. Takahashi, and J. Minagawa, (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S.
A. 103: 477-482.

25

Session 5-3
Application of Bioimage Data in Plant Organelle Research:
Construction of the Plant Organelles Database 2 (PODB2) and Their
Use for Computer-Assisted Analysis
Shoji Mano1, 2, Tomoki Miwa3, Yoshitaka Kimori4, Takaaki Takeda4, 5, Shuh-ichi Nishikawa6,
Tetsuro Mimura7 and Mikio Nishimura1, 2
1
2

Department of Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan;
Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, The Graduate University of Advanced
Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan; 3Data Integration and Analysis Facility,
National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan; 4Center for Novel Science
Initiatives, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan; 5National
Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; 6Gradate School of Science,
Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan; 7Department of Biology, Graduate School of
Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan

Technical advances in imaging procedures generated a variety of
information on a large-scale basis in the field of plant biology. Theselarge data sets are deposited in databases, and used in further analyses.
The
Plant
Organelles
Database
2(PODB2;
http://podb.nibb.ac.jp/Organellome) was launched in 2006 andprovides imaging data of plant organelles, protocols for plant organelle
research, and external links to relevant websites. The unique feature of
PODB2 is that researchers in plant biology produced and directly
contributed all of the imaging data and protocols presented. Using
PODB2, users are readily able to examine organelle dynamics. As
image and movie data contain valuable and significant information such as size, length andvelocity, we are currently adopting a mathematical morphology approach to performstatistical analysis of plant organelle dynamics.
Moreover,anew
website,
Plant
Organelles
World(http://podb.nibb.ac.jp/Organellome/PODBworld/en/index.html), which is based on PODB2,
was recently launched as an educational tool to engage members of the non-scientificcommunity such as students and school teachers. Plant Organelles World is written in layman
terms, and technical terms were avoided where possible. We would appreciate contributionsof data from all plant researchers to enhance the usefulness of PODB2 and Plant Organelles
World.
In order to make researchers find new insights from bioimage data, and make users
understand plant organelles easily via more visually ‘fun’ interface, we are developing asystem to show the visualized organelles, cells and tissues as 3 dimensional computer
graphics using methods developed in 4-Dimensional Digital Universe (4D2U) project. In this
symposium, we would like to introduce recent progress of PODB2 including some movies,
which were generated by 4D2U project.
References:
1. Mano et al., (2008) Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D929-D937.
2. Mano et al., (2009) Plant Cell Physiol. 50, 2000-2014.

26

November 17th, 2010

Session 6-1
Molecular Analysis of the Seed Dormancy QTL DOG1 in Arabidopsis
thaliana
Kazumi Nakabayashi and Wim Soppe
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding
Research, Carl-von-Linne-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1) was identified as a major
determinant of natural variation for seed dormancy between theaccessions Ler and Cvi of Arabidopsis thaliana. The gene was cloned
and encodes a protein of unknown function. DOG1 is predominantly
expressed in seeds. Mutant alleles of DOG1 are completely nondormant implicating that DOG1 is absolutely required for the inductionof seed dormancy.
It has been shown that ABA is necessary to induce and maintainseed dormancy and ABA deficient mutants are known to be nondormant. The relation between DOG1 and the ABA pathway indormancy induction still largely remains to be analyzed. We found an increased abundance of
DOG1 transcript in the aba1 mutant, despite its non-dormant phenotype. A near isogenic line,
having the Cvi allele of DOG1 in Ler background, fails to induce seed dormancy whencombined with aba1. Based on these, we hypothesized that ABA might be necessary tostabilize the DOG1 protein. Immunoblot analysis, however, ruled out this idea since DOG1
protein was detected in the aba1 mutant. This indicates that DOG1 employs the ABA
pathway for its function to induce dormancy. Combined with analyses using mutants related
to ABA, we are trying to understand more about the relation between DOG1 and ABA during
dormancy induction in Arabidopsis.

28

Session 6-2
Mechanisms of ER Body Formation and Its Possible Function in
Arabidopsis thaliana
Kenji Yamada1, 2, Asushi J Nagano3, Momoko Nishina1, Ikuko Hara-Nishimura3
and Mikio Nishimura1,2
1

National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Aichi, Japan; 2 School of Life
Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Okazaki 444-8585, Aichi,
Japan; 3 Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwake, Kyoto
606-8502, JapanThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) body is an ER structure that is
specific to the Brassicales (1,2). ER bodies constitutively appear inseedlings and root, and they accumulate a large amount of the
-glucosidase PYK10 (3). In mature leaves, no ER body is appeared
but induced after wounding or jasmonate treatment (4). This suggeststhat ER body is responsible for defense against pathogens andherbivores (5,6). In Arabidopsis, a basic-helix-loop-helix transcription
factor, NAI1, regulates the expression of PYK10 and ER body protein,
NAI2 (7,8). We identified two genes encoding membrane proteins,termed membrane of ER body 1 (MEB1) and MEB2, by microarray
analysis of nai1. MEB1 and MEB2 are specifically localized in ER body by NAI2 dependent
manner. Interestingly, co-expression of NAI2 and PYK10 is necessary and sufficient for ER
body formation in the epidermal cells of onion (Allium cepa), which is a non-Brassicales
plant and does not normally form ER bodies. NAI2 physically interacts with PYK10 to form
dense matrix of ER bodies and with MEB1 and MEB2 to form ER body membrane. Ourfindings indicate that NAI2 is necessary and sufficient for ER body formation by theaccumulation of matrix and membrane protein of ER body. We are now trying to identify ER
body functions against pathogens using Arabidopsis mutants that lack ER bodies.
References:
1. T.H. Iversen, (1970) Protoplasma 71, 467-477.
2. Y. Hayashi et al., (2001) Plant Cell Physiol. 42, 894-899.
3. R. Matsushima et al., (2003) Plant J. 33, 493-502.
4. R. Matsushima et al., (2002) Plant Physiol. 130, 1807-1814.
5. R. Matsushima et al., (2002) Plant Cell Physiol. 44, 661-666.
6. I. Hara-Nishimura and R. Matsushima, (2003) Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 6, 583-588.
7. R. Matsushima et al., (2004) Plant Cell 16, 1536-1549.
8. K. Yamada et al., (2008) Plant Cell 20, 2529-2540.

29

Session 6-3
Laser Capture Microdissection of the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem
to Identify Genes Involved in the Floral Transition
Stefano Torti1, Fabio Fornara1, Coral Vincent1, Fernando Andrés Lalaguna1, Ulrike Göbel1,
Heiko Schoof1 and George Coupland1
1

Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding
Research, Köln 50829, Germany

Flowering in plants is regulated by different genetic pathways.
Photoperiod, or day-length, is a major environmental stimulus
controlling flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana. In long-day photoperiod(LD), a gene cascade is activated in the leaf and floral transition occurs
at the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Upon exposure to LD,
transcription of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) is activated in leaves,and the FT protein moves to the SAM where it triggers the floraltransition. FT is thought to interact with FD, a bZIP transcription factor,
to activate target genes, such as the MADS-box transcription factors
SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS (SOC1),APETALA1 (AP1) and FRUITFULL (FUL). TWIN SISTER OF FT (TSF) is the closest
paralog of FT, and it also promotes flowering.
In order to identify novel genes in the SAM responding to the photoperiodic induction
we performed a global gene expression analysis by means of next-generation sequencing.
The tissue used consisted of SAM specifically collected through laser microdissection, in theearly stages of the floral transition upon shift from short-day (SD) to LD. Among the genesthat were found to be differentially expressed, a subset of candidates was tested by in situ
hybridisation in wild-type apices. Some of those genes were confirmed to be up-regulated
during the floral transition at the SAM, and also novel spatial expression patterns wereidentified. Additionally, some candidate genes were tested for their expression in ft tsf double
mutant, revealing whether their expression kinetics depends or not on FT/TSF function.
A few examples of those genes are described, together with their preliminary functional
characterization.

30

Session 6-4
SSA Controls a Leaf Adaxial-Abaxial Polarity
Koichi Toyokura1, 2, Keiro Watanabe1, Akira Oiwaka3, Miyako Kusano3, Toshiaki
Tameshige1,2, Kiyoshi Tatematsu2, Noritaka Matsumoto1, Ryuji Tsugeki1, Makoto Hayashi4,
Mikio Nishimura4, Kazuki Saito3 and Kiyotaka Okada2
1

Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8502, Japan; 2 Laboratory of Plant Organ Development, National Institute for Basic
Biology, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan; 3 RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1-7-22
Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; 4 Department of Cell Biology, National Institute for
Basic Biology, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444–8585 Japan
Asymmetric organization along the adaxial-abaxial axis in leaf isregulated by several putative transcription factors. They are expressedin a polarized manner along the adaxial-abaxial axis to confer theasymmetric characters to cells according to its position. Theirpolarized expression suggest that there is pre-existing polarity along
the adaxial-abaxial axis, however, it is unclear what regulates thepolarized gene expression. To understand the upstream mechanism, we
isolated enlarged fil expression domain1 (enf1) mutant, in which therobustness of the FIL expression pattern was disrupted. ENF1 geneencoded SUCCINIC SEMIALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE,
known to catalyze succinic semialdehyde (SSA) to succinate. gabat1 mutant, lacking enzyme
transaminating gamma-amino butyric acid to SSA, increased the FIL expression domain andsuppressed enf1 mutant. Exogenous application of SSA on leaf initial induced adaxial
characters on the abaxial side. GABAT1 is expressed in the L1 layer at the central zone ofSAM, whereas ENF1 is expressed outside of SAM. Our study suggests that the maintenanceof SSA is necessary to establish the polarity along the adaxial-abaxial axis.

31

Session 7-1

Keynote Lecture

Extreme Parasitism, Functional Tradeoffs, and Dollo’s Law of
Irreversibility
Paul Schulze-Lefert
Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research,
Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
Powdery mildews are phytopathogens whose growth andreproduction are entirely dependent on living plant cells. The
molecular basis of this lifestyle, obligate biotrophy, remains unknown.
I will present the genome analysis of barley powdery mildew,
Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Bgh), and a comparison with those of
two powdery mildews pathogenic on dicotyledonous plants. These
genomes display massive retrotransposon proliferation, genome size
expansion and gene losses. The missing genes encode enzymes ofprimary and secondary metabolism, carbohydrate-active enzymes andtransporters, probably reflecting their redundancy in an exclusively
biotrophic lifestyle. Among the over 250 candidate effectors of pathogenesis identified in the
Bgh genome very few (<15) define a core set conserved in all three mildews, suggesting thatmost effectors represent species-specific adaptations.

32Session 7-2
Molecular Recognition of Rice R gene Xa10 by TAL Effector AvrXa10
Dongsheng Tian, Keyu Gu, Chengxiang Qiu, Zhiyun Zhou, Yanchang Luo andZhongchao Yin
Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, The National University of Singapore,
Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore
Transcription activator-like (TAL) type III effectors of
Xanthomonas spp contribute to pathogenesis by targeting to host genepromoters and activating host gene expression. In this study, we report
the isolation of rice bacterial blight resistance gene Xa10 and thecharacterization of the molecular recognition between Xa10 and TAL
type III effector AvrXa10 from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo).
The Xa10 gene was isolated from Xa10-containing rice line bypositional cloning and genetic transformation. Xa10 encodes an
unknown transmembrane protein. The expression of the Xa10 gene
was specifically induced by Xoo strains that harbor the AvrXa10 gene.
Mutation of the nuclear localization signal (NLS) motifs in AvrXa10 or deletion of thetranscription activation domain (AD) at its C-terminal region abolished its function for Xa10
activation. A 17-bp AvrXa10 box was identified at Xa10 promoter by candidate approach.
The AvrXa10 box was recognized by AvrXa10 in Nicotiana benthamiana in transient assay
and this recognition activated reporter gene expression. The interaction of the AvrXa10 box
and AvrXa10 was further confirmed in yeast by yeast-one-hybrid assay and in vitro byelectromobility shift assay (EMSA). The identification of molecular recognition between
Xa10 and AvrXa10 provides us opportunity to engineer new resistance specificity forbroad-spectrum and durable resistance to bacterial diseases caused by Xanthomonas spp.

33

Session 7-3
Receptor Quality Control and Signaling from MAMP Recognition to
Robust Immune Activation in Plants
Yusuke Saijo
Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research,
Carl-von-Linne Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
The importance of microbe-associated molecular pattern(MAMP)-triggered immunity (MTI) has been accepted as a functional
basis for different layers of plant immunity. MTI is conferred bypattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize MAMPs, non-selfstructures conserved in a class of microbes, and then trigger a diverse
set of defense-related outputs. Important unsolved questions involve(1) how plants link initial MAMP detection to robust immune
activation; (2) how plants distinguish pathogens from non-pathogens
that share MAMPs; and (3) how plants fine-tune and coordinate
immune activity with other physiological processes. Our genetic
screens have revealed a collection of Arabidopsis “priority in sweet life” (psl) mutants thatde-repress sucrose-induced anthocyanin accumulation in the presence of the bacterial
MAMPs elf18 and flg22. Some of PSL genes identify components in an ER N-glycocylation
pathway that is essential for the biogenesis of the elf18 receptor EFR but not of the flg22
receptor FLS2. Remarkably, weakly dysfunctional psl alleles are partially and differentially
impaired in post-recognition signalling of EFR, providing a genetic tool to selectively perturb
a subset of EFR-triggered outputs. In an ER glucosidase IIa allele, designated rsw3, EFRtriggered immunity collapses despite WT-like EFR accumulation and co-activation of ROS
spiking, MAPKs, ethylene generation, and callose deposition in response to elf18. We foundthat EFR-triggered activation of defense-related genes is impaired in a late, but not early,
phase in rsw3 plants. This points to the existence of two separate phases in MTI and theimportance of sustained activation of EFR signalling as a critical step in mounting robust
immunity. We have explored molecular processes affected in rsw3 plants, with an aim at
mechanisms that determine the transition from initial MAMP detection to robust immune
activation. In light of the above three questions in MTI, I will discuss possible molecularprinciples with which plants thrive in a microbe-rich environment.

34

Session 8-1
Regulation of Mycorrhizal Phosphate Uptake
Marcel Bucher
Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Strasse 47b, D-50674 Cologne,
Germany
Research on mycorrhizas has become one of the important areas in contemporary
biological and environmental sciences, ranging from fundamental aspects to applications inagriculture and in the restoration of disturbed ecosystems. Arbuscular mycorrhizas are themost common soil-based symbiosis. In these ecologically and agriculturally important
associations between plants and fungi, the host plant derives mainly phosphorus from thefungus, which in turn benefits from plant-based photosynthetic sugars. Our major interests
are the molecular and biochemical mechanisms involved in phosphate uptake at mycorrhizal
interfaces. In our current model, transcriptional regulation of mycorrhiza-specific phosphatetransport includes phosphate repressible lysophospholipid signaling which merges at ciselements in plant phosphate transporter genes.

35Session 8-2
Molecular Analysis of Symbiotic Systems in Leguminous Plants
Naoya Takeda and Masayoshi Kawaguchi
Division of Symbiotic Systems, National Institute for Basic Biology, Nishigonaka38
Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AMS) is a mutualistic
plant-microbe interaction between land plants and Glomeromycota
fungi1. The fungal symbiont provides water and inorganic materials,
mainly phosphate, to the host plant. In return, the host gives
photosynthetic products to the symbiont. This nutrient exchange isperformed through symbiotic structure formed in the host root. The
AM fungi attach epidermal cell of the host root and penetrate into theroot. The intraradical hyphae run between the cortical cells and form
symbiotic organs; arbuscule and vesicle. The AM fungi also expand
hyphae into the soil and facilitate absorbance of water and nutrientsfrom the rhizosphere. These nutrients are transferred in the fungal cell to the arbuscules,
where the material exchange is performed through bacterial and plant membrane expressing
various transporters. Similar symbiosis system is seen in other plant-microbe interaction; root
nodule symbiosis (RNS) in legumes. Host plant forms a symbiosis organ called ‘nodule’ inthe root. In the nodule, bacterial symbiont; rhizobium fixes atmospheric nitrogen andprovides nitrogen source to the host. These symbiotic nutrient supplies are of great advantage
for plant survival on the land, studies for utilization of the biological function have been
conducted.
We studies molecular mechanism of AM and RNS systems in legume model plant Lotus
japonicus. Recent studies revealed the evolutionally younger RNS was established byintegrating AM signaling factors into its own system. The shared symbiosis factors constitutea common symbiotic signaling pathway called ‘Common Sym Pathway’ (CSP)2. These
symbiosis factors were genetically isolated from RNS mutants and analyzed the functions in
RNS. The findings in RNS studies can apply to AMS studies through the CSP, which
contributes to elucidation of AMS system. At present, molecular analysis of AMS systemlargely depends on the sharing of the knowledge with RNS because molecular biology andgenetics tools for AM analysis are absolutely lacking. Thus we established AMS gene maker
SbtM1 which is specifically induced during AMS3. Using this gene maker, we revealed thathyphal elongation in the root is controlled by symbiosis signaling of the host.
We also analyzed physiological changes in the host root cells. Ca spiking is a periodic
Ca ion oscillation induced in response to both AMS and RNS signals in the host root cells.
Bioimaging technique visualized the dynamics of Ca ion in the host cells and we investigate
how the general second messenger confers symbiosis specific function and activates the
symbiosis signaling pathways.

References:
1. A. Schüssler et al., (2001) Mycol. Res. 105, 1413-1421.
2. C. Kistner and M. Parnsike, (2002) Trends Plant Sci. 7, 511-518.
3. N. Takeda et al., (2009) Plant J. 58, 766-777.

36

Session 8-3
The Molecular Regulation of Seed Dormancy in Arabidopsis
Kazumi Nakabayashi, Yongxiu Liu, Melanie Bartsch, Regina Geyer, Martijn van Zanten,
Emma Miatton, Yong Xiang and Wim Soppe
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding
Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
Plants are sessile organisms whose survival depends on theiradjustment to seasonal changes. The timing of germination has a
crucial role in this adjustment, as it determines the start of the life
cycle. Germination timing is controlled by seed dormancy, which
prevents a viable seed from germinating under favourable conditions.
Dormancy induction in Arabidopsis occurs during the maturation ofseeds in the silique and is strongly determined by abscisic acid levels.
Seed dormancy can be released by low temperatures (stratification)and dry storage (after-ripening).
To reveal the molecular mechanisms that determine the induction
and release of seed dormancy, we analysed and cloned mutants with reduced dormancy levels.
The underlying genes could be divided in two groups. The first group consists of genes thatare upregulated during seed maturation, but expressed in all plant tissues. Several of thesegenes have a role in transcription initiation and elongation. The second group consists ofgenes with a seed-specific expression. The gene DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1)
belongs to this group and is probably a key regulator of dormancy. DOG1 protein levels inthe seed correlate with dormancy levels. DOG1 is alternatively spliced and we have shownthat DOG1 function requires binding between its different protein isoforms.
In this seminar, I will present our present understanding of the molecular mechanism ofseed dormancy in Arabidopsis and focus on the roles of transcription elongation factors and
DOG1.

37

Session 9-1
Asymmetries of DNA Methyltransferases Activity between Male andFemale Gametes Cause Imprinting in the Arabidopsis Endosperm
Fred Berger
Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, The National University of Singapore,
Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore
Imprinted genes are expressed predominantly by one parental
allele. In plants, imprinted genes are expressed in endosperm. The
concept emerged that DNA demethylation occurs in the central cell
genome but not in sperm cells, leading to inheritance of atranscriptionally active maternal allele while the paternal allele
remains silent, resulting in an imprinted status. Demethylation in thecentral cell relies both on the inactivation of MET1 transcription andthe expression of the DNA demethylase DEMETER. Hence imprinting
has so far been linked exclusively to cytosine methylation on CG
contexts, which depend on MET1 activity.
The RNA dependent DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway causes de novo methylation ofcytosine residues in any context and is involved in silencing transposons, participates to themaintenance of constitutive heterochromatin around centromeres, as well as the silencing oftransgenes. We report that the RdDM pathway is active only in male gametes but not in thecentral cell. This asymmetry is sufficient to cause imprinting. We present the case of an
imprinted gene controlled by the RdDM pathway and extrapolate further generalization of themechanism.

38

Session 9-2
Regulation of Epidermal Cell Pattern through Three Secretory Peptides
Tatsuo Kakimoto
Department of Biology, Graduate School of Sciences, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka
560-0043, Japan
During leaf epidermal development, a protodermal cell firstmakes a fate decision of whether to be a meristemoid mother cell
(MMC) or diffrentiates into a general epidermal cell (pavement cell).
A MMC undergoes asymmetric cell division forming the meristemoid,which is the precursor of guard cells. The asymmetric cell division
plane is regulated so that new meristemoids are not formed in contact
with the previously formed maristemoids, guard cells, and guard cells.
This regulation ensures that stomata are not formed in contact. MMC
is the sourse of both guard cells and pavement cells, thus the
epidermal cell number depends on the number of MMCs formed.
We demonstrate that MMCs and meristemoids produce a small secretory peptide
EPIDERMAL PATTERING FACTOR 2 (EPF2), which inhibits formation of MMCs from theprotodermal cells. This feedback loop plays a critical role in regulation of density of
epidermal cells, including stomata and non-stomata. EPF1, a homolog of EPF2, is expressedin the meristemoid, guard mother cell, and young guard cells. EPF1 regulates the positioningof the plane of asymmetric cell division forming the meristemoid, thus is the regulator of
stomatal positioning. Stomagen, also a homologue of EPF1 and EPF2, is expressed in the
inner cells of leaf primordia, and acts on the protoderm of leaf primordia to promoteformation of stomatal lineage. Our results support a model in which Stomagen antagonizes
EPF1 and EPF2 at the TMM/ERs containing putative receptor complex. We reconstructed thesignaling pathway in Nicotiana benthamiana. Our results suggested that EPF1 and EPF2
de-stabilize SPCH, which is a transcription facor directing the protodermal cells to enter thestomatal lineage. This destabilization depends on the MAPK and proteasome. By contrast,
Stomagen stabilized SPCH.
References:
1. Kondo T, Kajita R, Miyazaki A, Hokoyama M, Nakamura-Miura T, Mizuno S, Masuda Y,
Irie K, Tanaka Y, Takada S, Kakimoto T, Sakagami Y. 2010. Stomatal density iscontrolled by a mesophyll-derived signalling molecule. Plant Cell Physiol 51: 1-8.
2. Hara K, Yokoo T, Kajita R, Onishi T, Yahata S, Peterson KM, Torii KU, Kakimoto T.
2009. Epidermal cell density is autoregulated via a secretory peptide, EPIDERMALPATTERNING FACTOR 2 in Arabidopsis leaves. Plant Cell Physiol 50: 1019-31
3. Hara K, Kajita R, Torii KU, Bergmann DC, Kakimoto T. 2007. The secretory peptide geneEPF1 enforces the stomatal one-cell-spacing rule. Genes Dev 21: 1720-5

39

Session 9-3
Mechanism of Cell Partitioning as Revealed by Live Cell Imaging
Takashi Murata1,2
1Division of Evolutionary Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585,
Japan; 2Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Sciences, Graduate School for
Advanced Studies, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan

Cell division is essential for plant growth and development. At the
final step of cell division, the new cell wall, called the cell plate,separates the parental cell into two. The cell plate initially forms
between the daughter nuclei and then expands towards cell periphery
until it fuses with the parental cell walls. The molecular mechanism
how the cell plate expands towards the cell periphery is essentiallyunknown, although many factors that are involved in the process havebeen identified (1). We are trying to address the mechanism by live cell
imaging.
The cell plate develops inside of a special structure called thephragmoplast. The phragmoplast contains many microtubules. The microtubules are
considered to transport the vesicles that contain precursors of a cell wall (1). Because
assembly of the new cell wall occurs at the margin of a disk-shaped cell plate, structure of thephragmoplast is ring-shaped (2). Translocation of the phragmoplast towards the cell peripheryis the driving force of the cell plate expansion. Pharmacological studies have shown thatcycles of microtubule polymerization/depolymerization are involved in the phragmoplasttranslocation (3).
We analyzed direction of individual microtubule growth and lifespan of microtubules in
the phragmoplast. We found that elongating microtubules localize throughout thephragmoplast, and direction of the elongation varies among microtubules. On the other hand,
we found that microtubule lifespan is biased: Microtubules that localizes on the completed
cell plate is more rapidly depolymerized than those in the region without the cell plate. We
propose that driving force of the phragmoplast translocation is elongation of microtubulesfrom inside to outside of the phragmoplast, and direction of the translocation is determinedby difference of microtubule stability. The molecular mechanism how microtubule stability
decreases on the completed cell plate should be examined in future.
This work was done in Division of Evolutionary Biology (Hasebe lab) of NIBB, andsupported by Spectrography and Bioimaging Facility, NIBB Core Research Facilities. I also
thank Dr. S. Nonaka (Laboratory for Spatiotemporal Regulations, NIBB) for use of a
two-photon microscope and technical advices of image analyses.
References:
1. G. Jurgens, (2005). Cytokinesis in Higher Plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 56, 281-299.
2. B. E. S. Gunning, (1982). The Cytokinetic Apparatus: Its Development and Spatial
regulation. In: The Cytoskeleton in Plant Growth and Development, C.W. Lloyd, ed.
(London: Academic Press), pp. 229-292.
3. H. Yasuhara et al., (1993). Effects of Taxol on the Development of the Cell Plate and of thePhragmoplast in Tobacco BY-2 Cells. Plant Cell Physiol. 34, 21-29.

40

November 18th, 2010

Session 10-1
Regulation of Flowering by the FT Florigen and Its Antagonist TFL1
Takashi Araki
Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
In many plants, initiation of flowering is controlled byphotoperiod perceived in leaves by the action of circadian clock.
Long-distance signal, called florigen, is generated in leaves andtransported via phloem to the shoot apex where it triggers flower
development. In a long-day plant Arabidopsis, a clock-controlled
transcriptional regulator CONSTANS (CO) plays a key role inregulation of flowering by photoperiods. FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)and its closest paralog, TWIN SISTER OF FT (TSF), which encode
proteins of the PEBP (phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein)family, are direct regulatory targets of CO. They are expressed in thephloem tissues of cotyledons, leaves, and hypocotyls with a peak in the late evening. FT
protein (possibly TSF protein as well) is a major component of the florigen and is transported
to the shoot apex and acts together with a bZIP transcription factor FD to activatetranscription of target genes such as floral meristem identity gene APETALA1 (AP1) in
subsets of cells in the shoot apical meristem. Another FT paralog, TERMINAL FLOWER 1(TFL1), on the other hand, is expressed in the inner cells of the shoot apical meristem. TFL1
protein acts as a short-distance signal via cell-to-cell movement to regulate flowering in anantagonistic manner with FT in part through competition for interaction with FD.
Recent progress in our understanding of the action of FT and its antagonist TFL1 in theshoot apical meristem will be presented.

42

Session 10-2
Control of the Floral Transition by Histone H3 Lysine-4 Methylation and
Demethylation
Yuehui He1, 21Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, Singapore;2
Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Histone H3 lysine-4 (H3K4) methylation is associated withtranscribed genes in eukaryotes. In Drosophila and mammals, both diand tri-methylation of H3K4 are associated with gene activation. In
contrast to animals, In Arabidopsis, H3K4 trimethylation, but not
mono- or di-methylation of H3K4, has been implicated intranscriptional activation. H3K4 methylation is catalyzed by the H3K4
methyltransferase complexes known as COMPASS-like in mammals.
We have found that Arabidopsis relatives of the three core structuralcomponents of the mammal COMPASS-like complexes form a nuclear
structural subcomplex during vegetative and reproductive development,that can associate with multiple putative H3K4 methyltransferases. Functional disruption ofthis subcomplex in Arabidopsis causes a decrease in genome-wide H3K4 trimethylation, but
not in di- or mono-methylation. Furthermore, we found that this structural subcomplex,
together with an H3K4 methyltransferase, forms a functional COMPASS-like complex that
deposits H3K4 trimethylation at a crucial Arabidopsis floral repressor, FLOWERING LOCUS
C (FLC), and FLC homologs to activate these gene expression, leading to the inhibition offloral transition. In addition, we have previously found that several putative H3K4
demethylases act in partial redundancy to mediate H3K4 demethylation in FLC and repress
its expression, leading to the acceleration of flowering. These findings together provide
concrete evidence that H3K4 methylation is dynamically regulated and plays an importantrole for the control of developmental-regulatory gene expression in plants.

43

Session 11-1
Seasonal Flowering in Annual and Perennial Plants
George CouplandDepartment of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding
Research, Cologne 50829, Germany
We are comparing the biochemical mechanisms by which plants
synchronise their life cycles to the changing seasons. Arabidopsis
thaliana is a model annual plant, which flowers only once in a life
cycle that typically lasts for a few months. We have studied theregulation of transcription factors that promote flowering specificallyin response to the long day lengths of summer. We have shown that
this response depends on two layers of regulation involving circadianclock control of transcription and protein degradation that is controlled
by light. As a perennial species, we have used Arabis alpina, which isa close relative of A. thaliana. This species lives for many years,
flowers each year and absolutely requires exposure to winter temperatures for flowering. We
have shown how specific transcription factors involved in temperature response aredifferently regulated between these annual and perennial species, and that this enables theperennial species to flower each year. Evolution of the regulation of these genes involveschanges in chromatin regulation. We are exploring natural variation in this process in Arabis
alpina and how vernalization response intersects with the age of the shoot to influence
flowering time. I will discuss the mechanisms that confer these seasonal patterns of floweringand how they have evolved.

44

Session 11-2
Structure and Function of Rice Hd3a Florigen
Ken-ichiro Taoka1, Izuru Ohki2, Hiroyuki Tsuji1, Shojiro Tamaki1, Chojiro Kojima2, 3 andKo Shimamoto1
1

Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, 2Laboratory of Biophysics, Nara Institute of
Science and Technology (NAIST), Nara 630-0192 Japan; 3Present address: Institute forProtein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
We have previously demonstrated that Hd3s protein is a rice
florigen based on the analysis of transgenic rice plants expressing
Hd3a pro:: Hd3a-GFP. Since then we found that rice has anotherflorigen RFT1, encoded by a gene highly homologous to Hd3a, andthat it mainly functions under LD conditions. We also showed that rice
does not flower when both florigen genes functionally defective,
suggesting that rice absolutely requires florigen for flower induction.
The main focus of our recent research is to study how rice Hd3aflorigen functions to induce flowering. One approach is to understandthe localization of rice Hd3a florigen in the apical meristem after
transition to the flowering stage. We study this by using transgenic rice expressing Hd3a
pro:: Hd3a-GFP. The second approach is to identify interactors of Hd3a and anayze theirfunctions during floral induction. We found several interactors by yeast two hybrid screensand are now studying their functions and interactions with Hd3a. Recent results will bepresented.
References:
1. Tamaki, S. et al., Science 316, 1033-1036 (2007)
2. Komiya, R. et al., Development 135, 767-774 (2008)
3. Komiya, R. et al., Development 136: 3443-3450 (2009)
4. Tsuji, H., Taoka KI, Shimamoto, K. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. (2011) in press

45

Session 11-3
Sustaining the Plant Circadian Clock
Davis, Seth J.
Department of Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research,
Carl von Linne Weg 10, D-50829 Kln, Germany
The circadian clock is an endogenous molecular mechanism that
anticipates daily environmental changes and optimizes the timing ofdevelopmental,
physiological,
andmetabolicalprocesses.
Mathematical models have been generated to explain various
molecular-expression data, and we used a genetic approach to test
these models. We found strong support in explaining mutants whose
clocks run too fast. But these models could not explain the behavior ofmutants with an arrested clock. Here I will report on molecular-genetic,
systems, cell-biological, and biochemical approaches that collectively
explain a repressive complex required to "sustain" the oscillator. Witha new model on the circadian system, we have started to explore how light-signaling enters
the clock. This new hypothesis will be explored.

46

Directory

Aoyama, Tsuyoshi
Division of Evolutinary Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japant_aoyama@nibb.ac.jp




Araki, Takashi
Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate Schoolof Biostudies
Kyoto University
Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
Kyoto 606-8501 Japantaraqui@lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Berger, Fred
Chromatin and reproduction
Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory
1 Research link National University of Singapore,
Singapore
Singapore 117604 Singapore
fred@tll.org.sg
Breuer, Christian
Gene Discovery
RIKEN PSC
Tsurumi, Suehiro, Yokohama
Kanagawa 2300045 Japan
chrisb@psc.riken.jp

Buzas, Diana M
GCOE Plant Reproductive Genetics
Nara Institute of Science and Technology
8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma Nara
Nara 630-0192 Japan
diana@bs.naist.jp

Cui, Songkui
Cell Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
songkui@nibb.ac.jp

Fujita, Hirionori
Division of Symbiotic Systems
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanhfujita@nibb.ac.jp

Fukuda, Hiroo
Department of Biological Sciences
University of Tokyo
7-3-1, Hongo
Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
fukuda@biol.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Betsuyaku, Shigeyuki
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Univerity of Tokyo
Komaba 3-8-1, Meguro-ku
Tokyo 153-8902 Japanbetsu@biol.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Bucher, Marcel
BotanyUniversity of Cologne
Zülpicher Str. 47b, Cologne





North Rhine Westfalia 50674 Germany
m.bucher@uni-koeln.de




Coupland, George M.
Plant Developmentan Biology
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCarl-von-Linné-Weg 10, Cologne
North Rhine Westphalia 50858 Germany
coupland@mpipz.mpg.de




Davis, Seth J.
Developmental Biology
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCarl-von-Linne Weg 10, Cologne
NRW D-50829 Germany
davis@mpiz-koeln.mpg.deFukaki, Hidehiro
Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science
Kobe University
Rokkodai 1-1, Kobe
Hyogo 657-8501 Japanh-fukaki@port.kobe-u.ac.jp

Fukushima, Kenji
Division of Evolutionary Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japankfuku@nibb.ac.jp
48

Gholipour, Yousef
Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry
Ehime University
Tarumi, Faculty of Agriculture, Matsuyama
Ehime 790-8566 Japan
yousef.gholipour@gmail.com

Furuichi, Naotaka
Plant Ptholo.
Niigata Univ.
28050 Igarashi Nishiku, Niigata
Niigata 950-2181 Japannaotakafuruichi@nifty.com

Goh, Tatsuaki
Department of Biology
Kobe University
1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe
Hyogo 657-8501 Japan
goh@port.kobe-u.ac.jp

Goto, Shino
Cell Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japansgoto@nibb.ac.jp

Goto, Koji
Research Institute Biological Sciences Okayama
7549-1, kibichuoh-cho, Okayama
Okayama 716-1241 Japan
kgoto@v004.vaio.ne.jp

Hanano, Shigeru
Research Institute for Biological Sciences Okayama
7549-1 yoshikawa, kibi-chuo
Okayama 716-1241 Japansh_hanano@bio-ribs.com

Hasebe, Mitsuyasu
Division of Evolutionary Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanmhasebe@nibb.ac.jp

He, Yuehui
Biological Sciences
Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory & National
Universty of Singapore
1 Research Link National University of Singapore,
Singapore 117604 Singapore
yuehui@tll.org.sg

Hiwatashi, Yuji
Evolutionary Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanhiwatash@nibb.ac.jp

Hoshino, Atsushi
Hoshino Group
National Institute for Basic Biology
38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanhoshino@nibb.ac.jp

Horiguchi, Gorou
College of Science
Rikkyo University
3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku
Tokyo 171-8501 Japanghori@rikkyo.ac.jp






Ikeuchi, Momoko
Department of Science (Univ. Tokyo), Plant Organ
Development (NIBB)
Univ. Tokyo, NIBB
Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
momo@nibb.ac.jp
Ishikawa, Masaki
ERATO Hasebe projectJST
38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
ishikam@nibb.ac.jp

Imai, Akihiro
ERATO
National Institute for Basic Biology
38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-0851 Japanaimai@nibb.ac.jp
49


Ito, Toshiro
Developmental Biology
Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory
1 Research Link National University of Singapore,
Singapore
Singapore 117604 Singapore
itot@tll.org.sg


Jiménez-Gómez, José M
Plant Breeding and Genetics
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCarl-von-Linne-Weg 10, Cologne
NRW 50829 Germany
jmjimenez@mpipz.mpg.de

Kabeya, Yukiko
Div. of Evolutional Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
38 Nishigounaka, Myo-daiji-cho, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japankabeya@nibb.ac.jp

Kakimoto, Tatsuo
Department of Biology
Osaka University, Graduate School of Science
1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka
Osaka 560-0043 Japankakimoto@bio.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp

Kamada, YoshiakiDiv. of Cell Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
yoshikam@nibb.ac.jp

Kanai, Masatake
Division of cell mechanism
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaiji Saigounaka 38, Okazaki
Aichi 444-0864 Japankanamasa@nibb.ac.jp

Kawaguchi, Masayoshi
Dicvision of Symbiotic Systems
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
masayosi@nibb.ac.jp

Kawashima, Tomokazu
Chromatin & Reproduction Group
Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Ltd.
1 Research Link National University of Singapore,
Singapore
Singapore 117604 Singapore
tomokazu@tll.org.sg

Kimura, Sachie
Graduate School of Science and Technology
Tokyo University of Science
Yamazaki 2641 , Noda
Chiba 278-8501 Japanj6408701@ed.noda.tus.ac.jp

Kojima, Shoko
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology
Chubu University
Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai
Aichi 487-8501 Japankojima@isc.chubu.ac.jp

Kishima, Yuji
Research Faculty of Agriculture
Hokkaido University
Kita 9 Nishi 9 Kita-ku, Sapporo
Hokkaido 060-8589 Japankishima@abs.agr.hokudai.ac.jp




Kosetsu, Ken
Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of
Science
Nagoya University
Chikusa-ku, Nagoya
Aichi 464-8602 Japan
kosetsu@bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp






Koornneef, Maarten
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCarl-von-Linne Weg 10, Cologne
NRW D-50829 Germany
koornnee@mpiz-koeln.mpg.de

Kurata, Tetsuya
Graduate School of Biological Science
NAIST8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma
Nara 630-0101 Japantekurata@bs.naist.jp
50





Li, Chen
Evolutionary Biolog and Biodiversity
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanlichen@nibb.ac.jp

Lyons, Rebecca
Plant Science Centre
RIKEN
1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama
Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
rlyons@psc.riken.jp

Machida, Yasunori
Divison of Biological Science
Graduate School of Science Nagoya University
Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku,, Nagoya
Aichi 464-8602 Japanyas@biol1.bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp

Machida, Chiyoko
Dept. of Biological Chemistry
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu
University
matsumoto 1200, Kasugai
Aichi 487-8501 Japan
cmachida@isc.chubu.ac.jp

Mano, Shoji
Department of Cell Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
mano@nibb.ac.jp

Minagawa, Jun
Division of Environmental Photobiology
National Institute for Basic Biology
38 nishigonaka, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
minagawa@nibb.ac.jp

Miyazawa, Hikota
Division of Symbiotic Systems
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanhikota@nibb.ac.jp

Murata, Takashi
Division of Evolutionary Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japantkmurata@nibb.ac.jp

Nakagawa, Ayami
Plant Biology Research Center
Chubu University
1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai city
Aichi Prefecture 487-8501 Japanayami_n@isc.chubu.ac.jp

Matsubayashi, Yoshikatsu
School of Bio-Agricultural Sciences
Nagoya University
Chikusa, Nagoya
Aichi 464-8601 Japanmatsu@agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp





Miyawaki, KaoriERATO
National Institute for Basic Biology
38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
miyawaki@nibb.ac.jp

Moritoh, Satoru
Department of Cell Physiology
National Institute for Physiological Sciences
38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazsaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
moritoh@nips.ac.jp






Nakabayashi, Kazumi
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCarl-von-Linne-Weg 10, Cologne
NRW 50829 Germany
nakabayashi@mpipz.mpg.deNakai, Atsushi
Division of cell mechanisms
National Institute for Basic Biology
38Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanatsushi@nibb.ac.jp51Nakamura, Miyuki
Biological Sciences
Nara Institute of Science and technology
8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma
NARA 630-0192 JAPAN
nakamura@bs.naist.jp

Nakata, Miyuki
Plant Organ Development
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanmnakata@nibb.ac.jp

Nakamura , Kenzo
Grad. Sch. Bioagr. Sci.
Nagoya University
Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya city
Aichi 464-8601 Japankenzo@agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp

Nishimura, Mikio
Department of Cell Mechanisms
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaiji 38 nishigounaka, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanmikion@nibb.ac.jp




Oda, Atsushi
National Institute of Floricultural Science
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Fujimoto 2-1, Tsukuba
Ibaraki 3058519 Japanatsushio@affrc.go.jp

Oikawa, Kazusato
Department of Cell Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaijityo Nishigonaka 38, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanoikawa@nibb.ac.jp

Okada, Kiyotaka
Director-General
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japankiyo@nibb.ac.jp

Okamoto, Satoru
Symbiotic systems
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-0835 Japansokamoto@nibb.ac.jp

Oshima, Yoshimi
Bioproduction Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science andTechnology (AIST)
1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba
Ibaraki 305-8562 Japan
yoshimi-ooshima@aist.go.jp

Ravi, Nagganatha Suganthan
Applied Bioresources
Ehime University
Tarumi 3, Matsuyama
Ehime 7908566 Japanbtsugan@gmail.com

Sahi, Vaidurya P
Laboratory of Molecular Cell Physiology
Ehime University
Tarumi, Matsuyama
Ehime 7908566 Japanvaidurya.plantbreeder@gmail.com


Saijo, Yusuke
Plant Microbe Interactions
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCarl-von-Linne Weg 10, Cologne
NRW 50829 Germany
saijo@mpipz.mpg.de

Sakakibara, Keiko
ERATO project
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaiji-cho, , Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
bara@nibb.ac.jp

Saska, Ivana
Plant Science Center
RIKEN
1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku
Kanagawa 230-0045 Japanisaska@psc.riken.jp
52

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Sawa, Shinichiro
Graduate school of Science and Technology
Kumamoto University
Kurokami2-39-1, Kumamoto
Kumamoto 860-8555 Japansawa@sci.kumamoto-u.ac.jp



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Schulze-Lefert, Paul
Plant Microbe Interactions
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
Carl von Linne Weg 10, Cologne
NRW 50829 Germany
schlef@mpipz.mpg.de

Sharma, Trivima
Department of Applied Bioresources
Ehime University
2-4-1 Tarumi, Matsuyama
Ehime 790-0905 Japans.trivima@gmail.com

Shedage, Kishor ASHOKAPPLIED BIORESOURCESEHIME UNIVERSITYTARUMI, 3, MATSUYAMAEHIME 7908566 Japankishor2454dcompany@gmail.com

Shelake, Rahul M
Department of Applied Bio-resources
Ehime University, Matsuyama
3-5-7 Tarumi,, Matsuyama,
Ehime 7908566 Japanrahultnau@gmail.com

Shibata, Michitaro
Department of Cell Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaiji-cho Nishigonaka 38, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanmshibata@nibb.ac.jp

Shimamoto, Ko
Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics
Nara Institute of Science and Technology
8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma
Nara 630-0101 Japan
simamoto@bs.naist.jp

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Takeda, Naoya
Department of symbiotic systems
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka38 Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
takedan@nibb.ac.jp

Shimatani, Zenpei
Department of Agriculture
Meijo University
1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya
Aichi 468-8502 Japan
simatani@nibb.ac.jp

Soppe, Wim
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCarl-von-Linne Weg 10, Cologne
NRW 50829 Germany
soppe@mpipz.mpg.de

Suzuki, Takamasa
Graduate school of Bioagricultural Sciences
Nagoya University
Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya
Aichi 464-8601 Japan
takamasa@thaliana.myhome.cx

Suzaki, Takuya
Division of Symbiotic Systems
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japantsuzaki@nibb.ac.jp

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Takahara, Hiroyuki
Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences
Ishikawa Prefectural University
1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi
Ishikawa 921-8836 Japan
takahara@ishikawa-pu.ac.jp

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Tamada, Yosuke
Division of Evolutionary Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
tamada@nibb.ac.jp
53Tameshige, Toshiaki
Plant Organ Development
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaiji-cho, Nishigonaka, 38, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japant.tame@nibb.ac.jp

Tatematsu, Kiyoshi
Lab. of Plant Organ Development
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japanktatem@nibb.ac.jp

Toyokura, Koichi
Plant organ development
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
toyokura@nibb.ac.jp

Tsugane, Kazuo
Tsugane Group
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myoudaiji Nishigonaka 38, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japantsugane@nibb.ac.jp

Ueda, Takashi
Department of Biological Sciences
The University of Tokyo
7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
Tokyo 113-0033 Japantueda@biol.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Urawa, Hiroko
plant organ development
National Institute for Basic Biology
nishigonaka38, myodaiji, okazaki
aichi 4448585 Japanurawaru@nibb.ac.jp

Tanaka, Sachiko
Symbiotic Systems
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myoudaijicho Nishigounaka 38, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japansachiko@nibb.ac.jp

Torti, Stefano
Plant Developmental Biology
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCarl-von-Linne Weg 10, Cologne
NRW 50829 Germany
torti@mpipz.mpg.de

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Tsuda, Katsutoshi
Plant Genetics Lab
National Institute of Genetics
Yata 1111, Mishima
Shizuoka 411-8540 Japankatsuda@lab.nig.ac.jp

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Turck, Franziska
Department of Plant Developmental Biology
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCarl-von-Linne Weg 10, Cologne
NRW 50829 Germany
turck@mpipz.mpg.de

Uemura, Tomohiro
Graduate School of Science
University of Tokyo
7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku
Tokyo 113-0033 Japantuemura@biol.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp

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van der Hoorn, Renier A. L.
Plant Chemetics lab
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCarl-von-Linne Weg 10, Cologne
NRW 50829 Germany
hoorn@mpipz.mpg.deYamada, Kenji
Department of Cell Biology
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigo-naka 38, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japankyamada@nibb.ac.jp

Wadekar, Hanumant Baburao
Agriculture
Ehime university
3-5-7, Tarumi, Matsuyama
Ehime 790-8566 Japan
bahulai@gmail.com
54

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Yamaguchi, Takahiro
Plant Genetics and Development
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaiji-cho38, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
tyama@nibb.ac.jp

Yano, Koji
Division of Symbiotic Systems
National Institute for Basic Biology
Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japan
yanok@nibb.ac.jp

Yin, Zhongchao
Molecular Plant Pathology
Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory
1 Research Link National University of Singapore,
Singapore
Singapore 117604 Singapore
yinzc@tll.org.sg

Yoro, Emiko
Division of Symbiotic Systems
National Institute for Basic Biology
Myodaiji, Nishigonaka 38, Okazaki
Aichi 444-8585 Japane-yoro@nibb.ac.jp

Yu, Hao
Plant Functional Genomics Group
National University of Singapore and Temasek Life
Sciences Laboratory
Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore
Singapore 117543 Singapore
yuhao@tll.org.sg

55