APPENDIX(The Result of the IP Review Session)
After the IP (Individual Presentation)sessions, we reviewed all of the IPs. We asked the participants to complete a survey addressing three questions based on the IP presentations: “Things youlearned”,“Common problems among the participantsʼcountries”and “Best practices among theparticipantsʼcountries”.We also asked the participants to rank the importance of the issues they faced
at work. Because the theme of this training course was directed at mid-level staff, we had to concentrate on the problems which could be solved by mid-level staff.The outcomes of the IP review session
are included in the following pages.

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RESOURCE MATERIAL SERIES No. 91

Aggregate Common Problems
M id Level-Staff
No. Content
1
23
45678910111213

The working enviroment has to be improved.
The need to manage time in the office
The need to manage stress in the office
The need to improve human relations in the office
The need to enhance oneʼs professional skills, competences through relevant trainings
The need to care for oneʼs health, like going on paid leave.
Stressful relationships with coworkers.
Sandwiched between boss and subordinate
Nature of work
Lack of staffʼ
s skill to deal with inmates
Lack of communication within organizations.
Inefficient staff training
Increased workload

Senior-Level Staff and Other
No. Content
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17184

Lack of budget
Shortage of staff
Lack of security/inmate violence
Overcrowding
Infrastracture/facility
Overburdening/workload
Communication barriers (Two way communication, upward, down ward)
Difficultiy obtaining and developing human resources for the future
Exposure to threats
Lack of leadership and management techniques of supervisors
M any probationers and parolees
Nature of prison work:dirty, difficult, dangerous
Training
M isconmmunication among different staff within an oganization
Overburdening of workload for mid-level staff.
The national interest in criminal justice is low
Prison staff receives low salary, social welfare

Counts
1010776
6
1
1
1111
11
111

M id-Level

Other

Effective two-way communication is very important
Finding the real cause of stress is very important in order
to find best solutions for each staff
M any countries have similar systems concerning administration ofjustice Prison goals:1 security and 2 rehabilitation
Work-related stress is commonly experienced. There is a growing Stress management is important to ensure the benefits oftrend to adopt countermeasures against work-related stress.
correctional management.
The soureces of stress among correctional personnel aresimilar despite differences in organizational structure andwork environment
There are various levels ofstress and various kinds ofstress
Understaffing, underfunding and over population arecommon problems among all countries.
We all have the same problems

Importance of culture and religion
International criminal justice system

Community engagement,community support are needed for rehabilita- I learned about rehabilitation and probation activities and Overcrowding in Prisontion
essentional concepts.
I realized the necessity to conduct special programmes, such as anger Possible solutions to reduce the stress of correctional
management, for staff
personnel.
I think we need feedback after conducting stress management a few
Offender years later innovation is necressary to make the systems more effective
M ost countries have similar stress factorsStress factors are increasing commonly
The criminal justice systems are generally similar.
We are in need of systematic and professional stress management

Admin

Staff

Senior-Level

Carry out the social activities for staff by using good leadership, Consulting with someone is good for stress management. Different countries but similar problems.
management and control concepts
Cope with stress by using professional approach including psycholo- Exercise is good for stress management.
The operation of institutions is affected bygists
the culture of each country.
Exchanging ideas and experiences, how to execute jobs in times of Factors influencing the work stress of the correctional Religion has great effect to cope withstresspersonnel.
stress in other countries.
How to present in front of audiences, learning from different cor- I understand how stressful prison officers were when they
rectional systems
treated prisoners.
In Hong Kong, many kinds of brouchures are available for prison Importance of relationships among coworkers.
officersʼeasy access to psychological services
Systematically administrative types and experiences from the develop- In Thailand, the meditation programme has been carried
ing and developed countries
out by the department for reducing the stress of prison
staff, and it has been preferred compared to counselling.
Increase in crime is a major concern for many countries
Learn from each and every perfomance during the presentation sessions and individual stress lectures
Some countries are facing labour shortages, such as Japan
Staff who work in corrections settings and probation havestress in all countries.
In many countries we have the same problems
Staff wellness programmes in Thailand
There are no universal standards in dealing with offenders
Stress management techniques.
When dealing with offenders we should uphold their human dignity
always in line with the Tokyo Rules

Things You learned

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186
OtherPrison staff get low salary,socialwelfare

The national interest in criminal
justice is low.

M isconmmunication among different staff within an oganization
Over-burden of workload for
mid-level staff.

Lack of motivation.
Few female inmates
Officers are always exposed to offendersʼviolence.

Work-related stress;dealing with crisis situa- Financial problems
tions, dangerous, prison lock down etc.
Communication barriers (Two way com- Overwork
Inefficient staff training
munication, upward, down ward)
Exposure to threats
Poor prison facilities
Lack of facilities/equipment
Poor working environment due to lack offinancial support
Lack of security equipment
Sandwiched between boss and subordinate
M odern security equipment and system- Shortage of staff
atic security standards required.
M ONEY!(budget)
Shortage of staff (overwork)
Overburden
The budgets for criminal justice have to be
increased
Overburden due to heavy workloads; The need to care for oneʼs health,like going
Understaffedon paid leave.
Overburden/understaffed
The need to enhance oneʼs professional skills,
competences through relevant trainings
Overcrowding
Theneed to improvehumanrelationsintheoffice
Overcrowding
The need to manage stress in the office
Overcrowding and understaffing
The need to manage time in the office

Budget shortfalls

Inmate violence
Lack of staffʼ
s skill to deal with inmates
Nature of prison work: dirty, difficult,dangerous
Overburdening staff
OffenderOvercrowding, inmates
Overcrowding, too many probationers
and parolees
Pressure from maintaining security
Threats created from inmates

AdminStaff

M id-Level

Difficultiy of obtaining and developing M anpower shortage
Increase of workload.
human resources for the future
Lack of facilities
Poor working environment (Overcrowding, Lack of communication within organizations.
inadequate equipment and security systems,
old buildings)
Lack of financial support
The corrections facilities are overstreched Lack of M anpower.
across the board.
Lack of leadership and management There are training gaps of correctional staff Nature of work.
technique of supervisors
to keep pace with contemporarycrimetrends.
Lack of money
There is an unmatched number of correc- Prison staff have to bear heavy workloads.
tions staff to the proportion of clients.
Low budget provisions and infrastracture Workload;due to overcrowding, understaff- Stressful relationships with coworkers.
ing, overtime, etc.
The working enviroment has to be improved.

Senior-Level

Common Problems Among The ParticipantsʼCountries

RESOURCE MATERIAL SERIES No. 91

Offender

Admin

Staff

M id-Level

Proper inmate classification -Myanmar
Suspects (sex offender,Pedophilia)does not haveright to remain silent-Maldives

Plea bargaining -Philipines

Early release for reformed offenders-Japan

Using a cooperative approach (participativemanagement) in order to reduce overworkload
such as making partnerships
We should carry out relaxation programmes for
staff

Introducing “Prison robots”

Cooperation with medical agencies

Lesuire activity (exercise)
Prison standards in Thailand

Enhancement of staff welfare
Give training to all correctional personnel We should upgrade the infrastructure of the work
regarding stress management
environment. The basic consciousness of prison
staff and raise the image of our department.
Humane treatment of offenders should not becompromised or replaced by any other form oftreatment of offenders
Improvement of correctional facilities is paramount and key
Improving and increasing leadership or management techniques for supervisors
In Korea, correctional officerʼ
s human rights
started to be respected.(But I donʼt understand inwhat way)

Other
Increase improvement ofcommunity in the system.
(ex., VPO Japan)

CBT should be studied more and be fully adopted,
depending on the evaluation result.
Customize treatment to the offence
Global approach is needed
Improving poor environments with high-tech equipment
Innovation:an option for problem solving of overcrowding and understaffing
Introducing treatment programmes such as anger management
Offender can be made to change
Peer support
Providing guidelines
Recruiting Psychologists
Robot system-Korea
TICP is needed in my own country
Various ways of access for staff to stress management
such as using peer-to-peer hotlines
De-stressing activities within and outside of the office inthe Philippines.
Develop a Stress Management mechanism for the Tonga
probation office.
Training of probation officers.

Train the other staff on stress management.
Training and supervision by advisers on a regular basis.
Use of science in inmate rehabilitation in Japan andKorea.
Addressing the real situation of stress among cor- M ore education and study
rectional personnel in terms oflevel ofstress and collect- of internationl norms.
ing data on work-related stress
Anger management training for prison staff
Workplace automation →fewer human resources
required → less stress
Catagorize and treat offenders (divide and conquer)

Thai training of correctional staff.

Promotion of self-sufficiency philosophy.

Peer supporters among the correctional personnel.

Introducing foreign situation of corrections.

Communication for improvement of working efficiency.
Conduct stress management programmes on a regularbasis.

Community-based rehabilitation should be enhan- The Phillipine practice of regular exercise for all Clarify the purpose of work.
ced across the board
the staff is very effective for stress management

Senior-Level

Best Practices Among The ParticipantsʼCountries

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