The Approach and Current Situation of The
Geothermal Development in Beppu City

20 Nov, 2017
Beppu City Office, Oita Pref.

１ The Volcanic Front of the Japanese Archipelago
The Volcanic Distribution Mapof the Japanese Archipelago
Kyushu Region

8-9cm/year：Quaternary Volcanos：The Volcanic Front

4-5cm/year
Source：JAEA

２ About Beppu City
Source：METI, etc..

Populations and Households

Area：125.34km2

1975-2015

Population：118,673（61,993 Households）

Households

As of Aug, 2017

Populations
Beppu City

Population Aging Rate：31.3％(2015)

Ave. Temperature in City・・・Approx. 16℃
Ave. Rainfall in City・・・Approx.1800mm

RegionWorkers（Companies）
Ratio of the tertiary Industry

Beppu City

８９．９％

Oita Pref.

７５．１％

Ave. in Japan

７３．５％

３ Features of Beppu Hot Spring Villages ①
Total yields（ℓ／min）【source：Yusa(2008）】
Operating wellheads
in Beppu City

Wellheads
83058
44486
36904
34081
32300

02000040000

Wellheads

60000

Beppu HS Vil.

Yufuin

ItoKusatsu

80000

100000Okuhida HS Vil.

Pumped Up Wellheads

The number of wellheads
Artesian Wellheads

2217
879
649
522
452
0Years500

1000

Beppu HS Vil.

Yufuin1500
Ito20002500Atami HS Vil.

Ibusuki

Source：Japan SPA Association 20１2

３ Features of Beppu Hot Spring(Onsen) Villages ②＊Formation of Beppu hot spring：50K years＊History of Beppu Onsen：Back to 8 Century＊Source of Onsen is rain water.
＊Subsurface rain water turn over every 50 years.
＊ The resources of the onsen is hot water typeof the chloride spring places under the Tsurumi
volcanic group.
（Temp.: 250～300℃、Ｃl:1400～1600ppm）

Beppu Onsen temperature distribution
map in 100m below seal evel. （℃）●：Former Yield Spot→：Hot water movement direction―：Isotherm in 100m below sea level
N：Buried Fault（estimated）

Source：Yusa（2003）

４ Beppu City relations to the Geothermal Development■The place of the hotspring origin in Japan!

■Local people
opposed to thegeothermal
development in thepast!

-In 1919, drilling forthe geothermal(113℃)
utilization succeeded inBeppu City.

-In 1981, theopposition movement
by Beppu local people
let Idemitsu withdrew
the application which
had applied drilling plans
for the geothermal
power plant to Oita
Pref..

-In 1925, First
geothermalgeneration(1.3kW)
started in Japan.

Source: Oita News in198１

５ The approach to The New Energy（Geothermal Energy）

2014• Feb: Completed
the FS for the“Beppu City
Local New
Energy Vision”.
• Sep: Enacted
the “ActRegarding
Preliminary
Procedures ofLocal New
EnergyInstallation ofBeppu City”.

2015• Jan: The pricecuts forwater supply
to thegeothermalplants.
• Mar:
Establishedthe “Beppu
City Local
New EnergyVision”.

2016

2017

• Mar: Enacted• Feb: Completed
the “Ordinancethe “Beppu CityHot Spring Energy
forProject Possibility
coexistence
Investigation Studywith theProject”.
community of
Beppu city hot
spring power
generation”.６ The FS for “the Beppu City Local New Energy Vision”（２０１４）
Availableamount（GJ/year）
利用可能量（GJ／年）

Available amountType of Energy

Geothermal binary power

Heat Conversion（GJ/year）

631,307

Hot spring(66,257)

Geothermal Hot Spring
heatutilization Heat pump

922,861

447,683

Solar heat(488,011)

Wind power

304,641

Biomass

ﾊﾞｲｵﾏｽ発電･熱Biomass
利用,

太陽光発電・Geothermal binary power,
地熱発
etc.
電,
631,307

Solar power,etc.
熱利用,447,683

21,6401,529,164

Solar power

Hydropower(Small and Mid.)

風力発電,
Windpower
304,641

Geothermal heat utilization,温度差利用, etc.
2,452,025-Power21,640 ＜Characteristic in Beppu City for the new energy＞

Heat Utilization(76,727)

Total（except Hot spring
power, Solar heat, Biomass
heat utilization）

3,857,295▶Geothermal related： ８０％▶Solar： １２％

Wind：８％

７ New supports for the geothermal development（２０１５）
Setting “Geothermal power water supply” as purpose of watersupply （Corporate with the Waterworks Bureau of Beppu City）
・Utilizing the tap water to the geothermal binary power： As cooling water・Lead to the benefit of waterworks.
・The above mentioned benefits applies to the price of water in the area：
Return to the local.
Purpose ofwater supply

NormalBasic charge
Amount～８ｔ

Charge997yen

Excessive charge
Excessed AmountCharge/t

８ｔ～２０ｔ156yen２０ｔ～１００ｔ

194yen１００ｔ～244yenVessel488yen/t

Geothermal

152円yen/t

８ The “Beppu City Local New Energy Vision”（２０１５）
Basic Guidelines Regarding the Installation of New Energy
Basic Objective 1: Installation of new energy attuned with the environment⇒ The approaches focused on harmonizing with the environment.
Basic Objective 2: Contribution to the tourism industry⇒ Revitalizing onsen / tourism industry.
Basic Objective 3: Installation of local reduction type new energy⇒ Revitalizing community by returning the merits.
Basic Objective 4: Secure energy in times of disaster⇒ Striving for a community with strong resistance against disasters.

■ Policy for the geothermal power-Promote only exist wellheads and projects with no effects to the surrounding
environment not aggressive promoting for large size geothermal (binary) power
plants necessary for new wells.
-Promote mainly for the small size geothermal binary power plants with utilizing
existing wellheads.

９ Citizens' awareness survey on the new energy
１ Research purpose
Grasping the concern in the new energy, intension, opinion to the City’s approaches and etc.
through the survey.
【⇒ Study resource for the New Energy Vision（2015）】

２ Survey period
8th ～ 29th Aug, 2014

３ TargetTargetNumbers

MeasuresAnswer ratio

Citizens

2,000

Choose random from over 20 years old living in
Beppu city

30.4%

Companies

200

Choose from different industrial type based onration of the number of offices.

46.7%

Onsen and hotel
owners20

Onsen and hotel owners who have wellheads.

55.0%

10 The result of citizens' awareness survey on thenew energy ①Ｑ１） What approaches city shall be taken in order to solve environmental burden with installing new energy?
57.9

騒音や地下水位の低下などの環境負荷が懸念される場合には事業者に状況把握及び結果公表…

46.2
72.7
57.2

設備設置事業者に対して、事前に周辺住民等への説明会の開催を要請する

51.6
63.6
58.1
59.1
54.5

新エネルギーの設備設置に関する条件を設ける
29.6

設置工事中や稼働中に職員に立ち入り検査をさせる

20.4
27.3
28.4

設置を抑制する地域を設ける

37.6
9.1
0

市民％

事業者

1020

温泉旅館

3040

50

60

7080

10 The result of citizens‘ awareness survey on thenew energy ②Ｑ２） What approaches citizens require to the city for the utilizing onsen energy?
30

温泉エネルギーに対する補助制度を創設する

48.4
63.6
54.7

市営温泉施設に設備を導入し効果や課題等を情報発信する

47.3
36.4
39.5

温泉エネルギー設備を実際に体験できる場を設け、観光スポットとして活用する

34.4
45.5
23

温泉エネルギー利用に関する市の相談窓口を設
ける

31.2
45.5
0

市民％

事業者

10
温泉旅館

20

30

40

5060

70

11 Act Regarding Preliminary Procedures of Local New Energy
Installation of Beppu City（２０１４） and Ordinance【The reason for enacting】
１）The requests increased for development of new energy system from in/outside of the City Office.

２）Arising the geothermal developers with slight awareness to the regulations and laws.
３）More importance of mutual understanding between new energy developers and local peoples.

Act Regarding Preliminary Procedures of Local
New Energy Installation【Occur another issues】
１）Rushing large size equity entry２）Affect to the environment３）Worsen the local emotion
４）Over utilization of hot water?
５）Over yielding of springs?

Some limitations for guidance.

【View of City Office】-In regard to the installing the geothermal facilities,
it is necessary for utilizing sustainably and orderlywith proper guidance and supervision byadministration sector in terms of hot spring andliving environment protection, promoting local
understanding, and local contribution.

Establishing the strict ordinance in order to promote installation ofgeothermal power orderly.

12 Ordinance for coexistence with the community of
Beppu city hot spring power generation（２０１６）■ Essential of the ordinance
１．Purpose
Co-existance with communities and proper
utilization of hot spring resource.

２．Definition
Over 7500kW is objected.

３．Obligation of the city and developers

４．Prior consultation
Briefing to the local peoples, etc..

５．Regulations for the environment
Hot spring monitoring, etc..

Notification of the counter measure to theaccident, etc..

７．Recommend improvement, Publication
Publication to internet and notice torelevant agencies.

８．Establishing the council
Evaluate the result of survey anddiscuss the issue.

９．Avoidance area
Area limitation and set development
conditions etc..

10．Individual deliberation
Opinion for hot spring drilling
etc..

２０１７～

Specify owner of the facility.

６．Other

13 Procedure based on the Ordinance

Jurisdiction
agencies

Indicatepriorconsultation

Check thecompletion

Report ofpriorconsultationPrior
consultation

Local
confirmation

Completion
acceptance ofpriorconsultation

Complete allprocedure basedon regulations

Construction

Completion
report ofregulations

Notificationofconstruction

Notification
ofcompletion

Briefing to the locals
Environment assessment

Monitoring

Report ofmonitoring andsurvey

14 Prior survey for the environment■Impact study for environment
・ Noise, pollutions, and etc..

Procedure based on the laws and regulations

・ Water intake, drainage, etc..

Submit papers to relevant agencies.

・ Fumaroles pollutions, hot spring and resources.
・ Counter measures to natural disasters.
Briefing to the local people about scenic landscape measures.

■Hot spring monitoring survey
・ Drilling new well.
・ Existing wellheads within １５０ｍ.

■Safety investigation for pressured tankfor hot water and separator
・ Confirm warrant・ Local confirmation

15 Reasons of expansion of hot spring power generation
in Beppu

Environment condition＊High temp. hot springin shallow area.

Trend in the society

Policy changes＊Focus on renewable energy＊A number of private own wells. （Baseload power, CO2 emission）＊Deregulations of relevant＊Large number of untouched hotregulations
spring.
＊Large income by FIT(Feed in＊Located out of national park.
Tariff)＊Expanding subsidized projects＊ Accumulated knowledge for（METI, MOE）
utilizing hot springs.
＊Shift from solar power＊Shift to utilizing idle land

＊Power liberalization

16 Changing in the equipment accreditation

Source: Asahi News 2016.07.23
ＫW

件

7000
6000

The equipment accreditation inBeppu
50
47
45
40

36

5000

35

Beppu city

30

4000

25
3000

5741
172000
1000
04321

20
15
1067862014.31491

502015.3

Equipment capacity

2016.32017.3Approved equipment

17 Installed situation of hot spring power generation
etc. As of March, 2017

▲Tsurumi dake 1,375m▲Garan dake1,045m

Hotta fault
Asamigawafault：Under operation（１５）Kannawa fault：Planned（４６）18 Assertion of the effect to the living environment●Issue caused by the geothermal development.
大分合同新聞記事（2015.9.16）抜粋

・Lack of procedure based on the laws andregulations.
・Lack of briefing to local people
・Lack of well maintenance（Fumaroles pollutions, Noise, Drainage, etc.）
・Lack of ownership senseLocalopposition19 Beppu City Hot Spring Energy Project Possibility
Investigation Study Project（２０１７）
１) Survey target
Survey 103 active fumaroles boiling spring where is over
200m from sea level and close to two heat source(Garan-dake, Tsurumi-dake) in Beppu city.
２）Survey contents

Definitions

Activefumaroles
boilingspring３）Survey Result

Contents

Measures

Situation of heatsource

Depth and Caliber

Temperature

Main wellheads

Calorific value

Calculate from steam table

pH

Main wellheads

Chloride Ion

Main wellheads（Cｌ－）

Publication the survey result through City office HP

20 Beppu hot spring power generation, such as measures
Council （２０１７）
Beppu City Local New Energy Vision

03,201509, 2014～

Act Regarding Preliminary Procedures ofLocal New Energy Installation of Beppu
City
10, 2013～

Promotion Committee for Beppu City
Local New Energy Vision
05,2016～

Ordinance for coexistence with thecommunity of Beppu city hot spring
power generation
04,2017～Beppu hot spring power generation,such as measures Council

Council members

Affiliation

会長 由佐 悠紀

京都大学名誉教授

副会長 渡邊 秀一

別府商工会議所
専務理事

竹村 恵二

京都大学大学院地球熱学研究施設教授

阿部 博光

別府大学
国際経営学部教授

李 燕

ＡＰＵ大学院アジア太平洋研究科教授

徳田 宣子

徳田法律事務所

西田 陽一

別府市旅館ホテル組合連合会会長

石原 正統

大分県産業科学技術ｾﾝﾀｰ
参事監兼次長21 Result of the survey by Beppu hot spring power
generation, such as measures Council◇Decreased calorific value
in 62%, 28 over 45,
of hot spring sources.

◇Comparison of the survey data (30 years ago)
（Temperature and drilling depth）
Temperature◇Decline chloride ion
concentration of hot springsources might be caused byweaken of heat and material
supply or stronger groundwater supply during
the process of heat supply.

Stabilizationof hot spring
resource

Drilling Depth

Decay ofhot springresource

22 Schedule of the geothermal energy

2014FYPlanning

Promotion

Regulation
designig

2015FY

2016FY

2017FY

2018FY

2019FY

Global warming measures execution
plan【Contain New Energy Vison】
・Introduction Plan for the New
Energy Plan
・Approach to promote the New
Energy Plan

Beppu
City Local
New
EnergyVision

New energy introduction
project①Hot spring pow generation
introduction project→Introduction Feasibility Map

FS for hot
spring power
generation

Ordinance forcoexistence withthe community ofBeppu city hot
spring power
generation

New energy introduction project②Hot spring heat utilizationintroduction project→Install to city owned hot spring
facilities

Revising Ordinancefor coexistencewith the communityof Beppu city hotspring power
generation

2020FY
Revising
Environmental
Basic Plan

Revising
Globalwarmingmeasuresexecution plan

Thank you for your attention