要旨

地震や豪雨などの大規模自然災害に備え、自治体間で相互応援協定を予め締結することは、被災地域住民の生命確保、そのためのあらゆる活動に十分な資源を迅速に投入するための有効な対策の一つである。また災害時に限らず、行政界を超えた広域自治体間連携は、最小限のリソースで効果的に行政サービスを提供する優れた枠組みと言える。しかし、地理的に近隣に位置する自治体どうしという、従来一般の概念であるところの「広域」では、連携する地域が同時に被災することで相互の応援態勢が機能不全に陥ることがある。そのため最近では、遠隔地域をパートナーとすることで同時被災の可能性を低減し、超広域大規模災害であっても相互応援機能を確保する動きが増加している。ところで、特定の産業が集積する地方都市にあっては、被災後の住民生活を維持するためには、生活の糧を得る場としての産業の早期復旧が不可欠であり、上記の災害時相互応援協定の枠組みを産業の復旧にまで拡張して考えることが重要ではないだろうか。しかしながら、地域の産業構造や特徴はそれぞれの地域によって様々であり、パートナー地域として互いに恩恵を受けうる条件としては、産業構造の類似性等を考慮すべきと考えられる。本報では、事業所企業統計調査をはじめとする公的統計情報や民間信用調査機関から購入可能な企業詳細情報等を用い、多変量解析を適用することで好適パートナー地域を効率的に探索する手法を提案する。同手法の妥当性は、新潟県中越地震で多くの中小製造企業が被害を受けた新潟県小千谷市に対してケーススタディとして適用し、地域間の企業ネットワークを分析することで評価した。

Abstract
Making a mutual assistance agreement between local governments for disastrous event, such as an earthquake and atyphoon, as a counter measure is one of efficient municipal frameworks in which they devote any resources available into anaffected area to save residents’ lives as soon as possible and effective. Not only in the event, “Interlocal Cooperation” among
adjacent regions that spans wide area is good approach for providing administrative services to the residents with less local
governmental resource also at ordinary times. However, the conventional concept of so-called “wide area” in which we usuallyconsider that two or more local governments cooperate each other is not enough, because a huge natural disaster may affect this“wide area” simultaneously and make the agreement dysfunction. Therefore, the movement has been widely spread recently toform interlocal networks preparing against emergent incidents with geographically distant area to avoid simultaneous collapse
and keep mutual assistant function work even in the large-scale natural disasters. The author has proposed in some reports thatsuch frameworks concerning to “regional resiliency” should be expanded to plans and activities for the regional industry’sbusiness continuity. Particularly in suburban cities with specific industrial structures, large portion of residents are also
employees of local industries, thus, the residents cannot maintain normal daily life unless quick recovery from disruption ofindustrial establishments, where they earn cash income, after the incident. Being different from general issue about interlocal
cooperation, we have to consider characteristic of industrial structure of each region. A partnership between local governments
may not be beneficial to both areas without consideration of similarity, scale, etc. of regional industries. This report proposes astrategy to seek a preferred local government as a reciprocally beneficial partner region in consideration of industrial structure:at first we define a proper time distance area between one and four hours to which, secondly, apply a multivariate analysis using
publicly available statistical data, then extract candidate regions. The relevance of this procedure is assessed by applying toOjiya City, Niigata Prefecture, where small and medium sized manufacturing establishments agglomerate and many of themwere suffered from Niigataken Chuetsu Earthquake in 2004, as a case and by densities of networks of regional industries
between Ojiya and its candidate regions.