TECHNICAL INFORMATIONSOLVENT-FREE RADIATION-CURING
WOOD AND FURNITURE COATINGS
L-TI 7

02

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings

Contents
03 Introduction
04 Wetting and stabilization of pigments
06 Gloss reduction/matting
12 Mechanical resistance
13 Surface effects
15 Defoaming
18 Adjustment of flow properties
20	
Product recommendation chart – Wood and furniture coatings/
decorative film systems

03

Introduction
Solvent-free, radiation-curing coating systems have been in use in industrial
applications since the 1970s. These systems and the coating machinery haveundergone a process of continuous improvement, and the curing
mechanisms have been optimized. Nevertheless, owing to the absence ofsolvents and increasingly faster curing mechanisms, the challenge ofmeeting formulation parameters and making the optimum selection of
additives has become ever more apparent. Balancing the individualcomponents is essential and forms the basis for fulfilling current standards
with respect to quality and durability.

Note
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Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings

Wetting and stabilization of pigments
The effective wetting and stabilization of inorganic andorganic pigments for solvent-free, radiation-curing woodand furniture coatings requires the use of wetting anddispersing additives that both exhibit broad compatibility
with all commonly used monomers and oligomers andensure long-lasting deflocculation of the pigment particles
in the liquid matrix.

These characteristics are the prerequisites for:• An excellent viscosity-reducing effect and the reductionof thixotropic flow behavior combined with the potential
for increasing pigment load
• The best possible coloristic properties in the form of
maximum tinting strength, excellent hiding power ortransparency, and improved gloss with minimal haze
• Long-term storage-stable pigment concentrates andpigmented radiation-curing coating systems

Transparency of a coating system as a result of different pigment stabilization

Excellent transparency in a coating based on a phthalocyanine pigment as the result of an optimum selection of additives (right)
in comparison with the transparency of a coating with insufficient pigment stabilization (left).
G. 01

The specific formulation of solvent-free radiation-curingcoating systems increasingly requires that all raw materials
used, including the wetting and dispersing additives, aresolvent-free. Accordingly, product recommendations anddevelopments are focused on solvent-free wetting anddispersing additives.

05

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings / Wetting and stabilization of pigments

DISPERBYK-111 is a solvent-free wetting and dispersing
additive with acidic pigment affinity groups, which makes
it particularly suitable for use with titanium dioxide andother inorganic pigments. Through steric stabilization,
DISPERBYK-111 ensures highly effective deflocculation of
the pigment particles, which is reflected in a very strong
reduction in viscosity accompanied by improved flow
behavior and increased hiding power.

structures are required, such as those achieved in
DISPERBYK-2013 and DISPERBYK-2155.
DISPERBYK-2013 and DISPERBYK-2155 are highmolecular weight, solvent-free wetting and dispersing
additives that are highly effective in stabilizing organic
pigments and carbon blacks thanks to steric stabilization.
These products have proven satisfactory owing to theirstrong viscosity-reducing effect and simultaneously
reducing thixotropic flow behavior. The long-term stabilityof coating systems formulated with DISPERBYK-2013 or
DISPERBYK-2155 is also significantly improved. The highly
deflocculating effect makes it possible to formulate
radiation-curing coating systems with excellent opticalproperties. The improvement in color strength andtransparency is particularly significant. DISPERBYK-2155 isalso available as a tin-free variant: DISPERBYK-2155 TF.

For the best possible deflocculation and stabilization oforganic pigments and carbon blacks in solvent-free,radiation-curing coating systems, wetting and dispersing
additives with aminic pigment-affinic groups have proveneffective in practice. However, in order to keep these aminic
groups from producing unintended interactions with themonomers and oligomers used (e.g. resulting in insufficientstorage stability of the coating systems), tailor-made additive

The new “TF” alternative corresponds to the standard
additive in terms of application technology, has the samedelivery form, and is produced on the basis of the sameraw materials.
Along with the targeted selection of products, the amountof wetting and dispersing additives used is also critical tosuccess. Depending on the fillers or pigments dispersed, therecommended levels (additive as supplied based on pigment)
are as follows:• Fillers: ≤ 1 %• Titanium dioxide: 2–4 %• Inorganic pigments: 5–8 %• Organic pigments: 15–25 %• Carbon blacks: 30–80 %Viscosity reduction with DISPERBYK-2013 and DISPERBYK-2155 for a representative
range of pigments dispersed in dipropylene glycol diacrylate (DPGDA)
65 % KRONOS 2310 (Kronos International)
in DPGDA; 2 % additive (solid) on pigment

20 % Hostaperm Yellow H4G (Heubach)in DPGDA; 30 % additive (solid) on pigment

20 % Irgazin Red L 3660 HD (Sun Chemical)
in DPGDA; 45 % additive (solid) on pigment

20 % Heliogen Blue L 7101 F (Sun Chemical)
in DPGDA; 30 % additive (solid) on pigment

Viscosity (Pa·s)

Viscosity (Pa·s)

Viscosity (Pa·s)

Viscosity (Pa·s)

15

15

15

15

12

12

12

12

9

9

9

9

6

6

6

6

3

3

3

3

0.1

1

10

100

1,000

0.1

Shear rate (s-1)

Internal standard  

DISPERBYK-2155  

0

0

0

0

DISPERBYK-2013

1

10

100

1,000

Shear rate (s-1)

0.1

1

10

100

1,000

Shear rate (s-1)

0.1

1

10

100

1,000

Shear rate (s-1)

G. 02

06

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings

Gloss reduction/matting
Radiation-curing coating systems that are fast curing andeither solvent-free or high-solid have very low or no film
shrinkage due to a lack of volatile matter, which makes
matting these systems extremely challenging. It is a matterof finding suitable methods and additives that, for example,
allow for an increased use of matting agent in the application
technology without affecting coating properties as a result.

Influence of the system and the evaporation of volatile matter on matting
Solvent-borne coating

Wet film

Film shrinkage by solvent evaporation

Dry film

Good matting

No/insufficient matting effect

100 % UV coatings: No film shrinkage!

Film without matting agent

Sufficient addition of matting agent

Insufficient amount of matting agent

G. 03

07

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings / Gloss reduction/matting

Depending on the characteristics of the formulation and theapplication conditions chosen, there are suitable wetting
and dispersing additives or micronized wax additives thatallow for the desired effect of optimum matting.
In particular, DISPERBYK-2008, DISPERBYK-2009 R,
DISPERBYK-2158, DISPERBYK-2159, CERAFLOUR 929 N,
CERAFLOUR 988, CERAFLOUR 1000, and CERAFLOUR 1010
have proven effective in practice for the optimization ofmatting in radiation-curing systems or were developed
specifically for this field of application.

DISPERBYK-2158, for example, is a copolymer withpigment-affinic groups in reactive co-solvent (DPGDA) inorder to ensure chemical curing in 100 % UV systems. With
this wetting and dispersing additive, one can achieve a highdispersing and stabilization effect for untreated and treatedsilica-based matting agents. Moreover, it produces excellent
viscosity reduction with practically Newtonian flow behavior
at maximum load of matting agent.

Selection of wetting and dispersing additives for the effective dispersion of silica-based matting agents
Product data

DISPERBYK-2008

DISPERBYK-2009 R

DISPERBYK-2158

DISPERBYK-2159

Amine value

66 mg KOH/g

4 mg KOH/g

13 mg KOH/g

13 mg KOH/g

Density (20 °C)

1.04 g/ml

1.02 g/ml

1.08 g/ml

1.05 g/ml

Active substance

60 %

43 %

60 %

60 %

Solvent

Polypropylene glycol

Methoxypropanol/methoxypropyl acetate 2/1

Dipropylene glycol diacrylate (DPGDA)

Methoxypropyl acetate

Flash point

99 °C

34 °C

143 °C

45 °C
T. 01

08

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings / Gloss reduction/matting

Viscosity and gloss reduction for selected wetting and dispersing additives
as a function of dosage

Viscosity (Pa·s)

Standard 1

Standard 2

DISPERBYK-2158

20

15
11

10

10

12

10

13

9

11

Gloss

12

10

5

10 %*15 %*1

2.5 %*1

10 %*15 %*1*1 Additive solid on pigment
The effect on viscosity by DISPERBYK-2158 in a solvent-free radiation-curing system based on an unsaturated polyester and a matting
agent amount of 15 % (Acematt HK 440); application 25 μm wet film thickness; gloss measurement at 85°.

Micronized wax additives achieve the maximum lightrefraction possible and therefore the greatest effect onmatting of UV systems thanks to their particle size
distribution in the 2–8 μm range.

2.5 %*1

10 %*15 %*11,000 1/s

100 1/s

10 1/s1 1/s

1,000 1/s

100 1/s

10 1/s1 1/s

1,000 1/s

100 1/s

10 1/s1 1/s

1,000 1/s

100 1/s

10 1/s1 1/s

1,000 1/s

100 1/s

10 1/s1 1/s

1,000 1/s

100 1/s

10 1/s1 1/s

1,000 1/s

100 1/s

10 1/s1 1/s

1,000 1/s

100 1/s

10 1/s1 1/s

1,000 1/s

100 1/s

10 1/s1 1/s

02.5 %*1

G. 04

09

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings / Gloss reduction/matting

Effect of particle size in terms of light refraction and therefore on gloss

High gloss

Minimal impact on gloss, but haze increase

Strong impact on gloss

Strong impact on gloss, visible texture

Surface roughness~ 0.5 µm

~ 5 µm> 25 µm
G. 05

Selection of wax additives for solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings
Product data

CERAFLOUR 929 N

CERAFLOUR 988

CERAFLOUR 1000

CERAFLOUR 1001

CERAFLOUR 1002

CERAFLOUR 1010

Density (20 °C)

1.06 g/cm³

0.97 g/cm³

1.25 g/cm³

1.25 g/cm³

1.25 g/cm³

0.91 g/cm³

Particle size D50

8 µm

6 µm

5 µm

3 µm

6 µm

6 µm
T. 02

10

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings / Gloss reduction/matting

CERAFLOUR 1000, for example, is a biodegradable,
micronized polymer with wax-like properties based on
renewable resources. The additive has a matting effect,
especially in radiation-curing systems, and produces highly
transparent coatings. It has no effect on viscosity and slip
and does not stabilize foam.

Distribution and particle size of CERAFLOUR 1000 in a coating system
10 % CERAFLOUR 1000

10 % Silica matting agent

200 µm200 µm

G. 06

Matting with CERAFLOUR 1000
Gloss units

Control

5 % CERAFLOUR 1000

10 % CERAFLOUR 1000

5 % CERAFLOUR 1000
5 % Silica-based matting agent

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
25 µm

50 µm

100 µm25 µm

Consistent matting with CERAFLOUR 1000 regardless of the wet film thickness in asolvent-free UV system based on polyester acrylate, gloss measurement at 60°.

50 µm

100 µm

25 µm

50 µm

100 µm

25 µm

50 µm

100 µmG. 07

11Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings / Gloss reduction/mattingThis successful approach is complemented by two otherbiopolymers that use the same raw material:
CERAFLOUR 1001 with very fine particles for excellent
matting and optimum transparency, and CERAFLOUR 1002
with larger particles for creating a surface structureand high transparency with the best matting effect.
All CERAFLOUR 1000 grades moderately increase scratch
resistance, offer pleasant haptic properties (soft-feel effect)and can be used in UV systems as well as in aqueous,solvent-born, or solvent-free systems.

Particle size distribution
CERAFLOUR 1001 – Very fine particles

CERAFLOUR 1000 – Fine particles

CERAFLOUR 1002 – Larger particles

G. 08

Gloss units

Matting in 100 % UV system
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
5 % CERAFLOUR 1001
Gloss at 60° measurement  

5 % CERAFLOUR 1000

Gloss at 85° measurement

5 % CERAFLOUR 1002

5 % Untreated silica

10 % CERAFLOUR 1001

10 % CERAFLOUR 1000

10 % CERAFLOUR 1002

10 % Untreated silica
G. 09

12

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings

Mechanical resistanceIn addition to matting, protecting surfaces against mechanicaldamage is also a recurring challenge. While an improvementin scratch and abrasion resistance as well as in burnishingresistance can be achieved in matted and semi-gloss coatings
by using micronized waxes, this is particularly difficult inhigh-gloss coatings, as these wax-based products often
have an influence on gloss that cannot be tolerated.

Height from table to the edgeof the substrate (cm)BYK-UV 3518 and BYK-UV 3519 also increase the flexibilityof the coating and counteract the curling effect caused byfilm shrinkage, which often occurs with film coating.

Control

Anti-curling effect with BYK-UV 3519
25

With BYK-UV 3518 and BYK-UV 3519, two extraordinarily
effective products for improving mechanical resistance areavailable for high-gloss systems.

22

20
15
10
5
0
0
Control

BYK-UV 3519
BYK-UV 3519
G. 10

13

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings

Surface effects
To avoid surface defects and to select specific effects, theuse of surface additives is essential to precisely adjust thesurface tension of the coating system or to minimize
differences in surface tension. In conventional coating
systems, additives based on organically modified
polysiloxanes (silicones) and polyacrylates (acrylate additives)
have proven effective, and their use is also recommended
for solvent-free radiation-curing coating systems. Moreover,surface additives have been developed especially forradiation-curing coating systems that react with the resin
matrix owing to their acrylic functions.

Substrate wetting

Leveling

In order for adequate substrate wetting by the coating
system, a basic requirement is that the surface tension of thecoating system is below the surface energy of the substrate
to be coated. This is why the use of active silicones has
proven particularly effective, since it produces a significant
reduction in surface tension even when very low quantities
are added. Specifically, BYK-UV 3500, BYK-UV 3505,
BYK-379, and BYK-3760 are suitable for improving substrate
wetting and avoiding surface defects (e.g. cratering) inradiation-curing wood coating systems.

The leveling of coating systems can be positively affected
especially by less active silicones or acrylate additives. Forradiation-curing coating systems, solvent-free surface
additives such as BYK-UV 3535, BYK-3455, BYK-3456, or
BYK-361 N have proven particularly effective. In contrast tovery active silicones, these products reduce surface tension
much less significantly, but minimize the inhomogeneity ofthe surface tension at the coating/air interface, which has avery positive effect on the leveling of radiation-curingcoating systems.

Leveling improvement by using a surface additive

Leveling improvements by using BYK-UV 3535 (right) in comparison to a coating system without leveling additive (left)
for a solvent-free radiation-curing coating system applied by roller.

G. 11

14

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings / Surface effects

Surface slip

BYK-UV 3505

BYK-UV 3535

Very active silicones, in particular, demonstrate excellent
orientation to the coated surface, which is a basic requirementin achieving exceptionally high surface slip. Alongsideconventional organically modified polysiloxanes, in particular
BYK-333, BYK-379, and BYK-3760, the additives
BYK-UV 3500 and BYK-UV 3505 show a strong increasein surface slip. Because of their acrylic functionality, these
two surface additives react with the resin matrix, which
results in a long-lasting positive effect on surface slip.

Even at lower dosages, BYK-UV 3505
demonstrates a significant reduction of
surface tension and improves substrateeven on difficult substrates. Surface slip is
significantly increased even at lower dosages.
This results, among other things, in an
improvement of scratch resistance and easyto-clean properties. Because of its multiple
acrylic functions, BYK-UV 3505 reacts withradiation-curing systems, thereby producing
long-lasting effects without migration. The
recoatability must be checked and sanding of
the surface is recommended. The product ishighly compatible and does not cause any
turbidity in the coating system.

BYK-UV 3535 improves the leveling ofradiation-curing systems. The product is highly
compatible and does not cause any turbidity
in the coating system. In many cases, it
demonstrates a deaerating effect. Owing to its
multiple acrylic functions, BYK-UV 3535
reacts with radiation-curing systems, thereby
producing long-lasting effects with nomigration.

Easy-to-clean and tape-release properties
Along with the very significant reduction in surface slip, theuse of BYK-UV 3500 and BYK-UV 3505 result in otherspecial properties, such as easy-to-clean or tape-releaseproperties. Here as well the reactivity of these two products
constitutes a significant advantage in achieving long-lasting
effects. Alongside these surface additives developed
specially for radiation-curing coating systems, conventional
silicones such as BYK-379 and BYK-3760 are likewise
suitable for improving easy-to-clean or tape-releaseproperties.

BYK-379

BYK-3760

BYK-379 provides a strong increase in surface
slip, thereby also improving scratch resistance.
It results in a moderate to strong reduction of
surface tension, and therefore very goodsubstrate wetting and a good anti-cratering
effect. BYK-379 displays a high effectivenessat low dosage and only stabilizes foam veryslightly.

BYK-3760 provides a significant reduction of
the surface tension of coating systems. It
therefore especially improves substrate wetting
and prevents cratering. BYK-3760 strongly
increases surface slip, which likewise has apositive effect on the scratch resistance of
coating systems. BYK-3760 is less foamstabilizing than other highly active additives
containing silicone and is effective even at
low dosages.

15

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings

Defoaming
Solvent-free coating systems and, in particular, radiationcuring coatings are difficult to defoam because of theiroften high application viscosity. If matting agent or
pigments are also contained in the formulation, defoaming
becomes even more challenging. Moreover, moredemanding application conditions, such as high-speed

roller application, can require instant and efficientdefoaming.
Depending on the specific formulation characteristics andthe choice of application conditions, defoamers with avariety of application profiles with respect to their defoaming

higher

Selection of defoamers for solvent-free,radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings

BYK-1799*2
BYK-1816

Defoaming effect

BYK-088
BYK-1790*2
BYK-1788*2
BYK-1794*2

lower

BYK-1818

Compatibilitylower

higherSilicone defoamer  

Silicone/polymer defoamer  

Silicone-free polymer defoamer* 100 % non-volatile compounds
2

Defoamer recommendations for solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coating systems as a functionof defoamer compatibility and the resulting defoaming effect (representative selection of products).

G. 12

properties and system compatibility are available for theeffective defoaming of solvent-free radiation-curing woodand furniture coatings. In particular, BYK-088, BYK-1788,
BYK-1790, BYK-1794, BYK-1799, BYK-1816, and
BYK-1818 have proven effective for the defoaming ofradiation-curing systems or were specifically developed
for this field of application.

16

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings / Defoaming

BYK-1788, for example, is a solvent- and silicone-freepolymer defoamer that demonstrates a well-balanced
relationship between defoaming effect and systemcompatibility, which makes it especially well suited to clear
coating systems that require high gloss and transparency.

Spontaneous defoaming during paint preparation

Spontaneous defoaming in the production process for a solvent-free urethane acrylate-based coating system(left: without the use of a defoamer; right: using BYK-1788 with a dosage of 0.3 % based on total formulation).

BYK-1799, by contrast, is a solvent-free defoamer based onan organically modified polydimethyl siloxane with a verystrong defoaming effect, which makes it excellent for use inmatted or pigmented UV-curing systems. It eliminates both
macrofoam and microfoam and, thanks to its spontaneousand very effective defoaming effect, is quite suitable fordemanding application methods such as roller application.

G. 13

Defoaming effect after application with a foam roller

Defoaming effect of BYK-1799 (right), used at 0.05 % based on total formulation, compared with a system without defoamer (left)
for a 100 % UV-cured transparent coating system, applied with a foam roller.

G. 14

17

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings / Defoaming

When testing and selecting defoamers, it is importantto take into consideration the system-dependent andapplication-specific effect of the individual products.
For this reason, it is always useful to conduct a test
series while using realistic application methods.

System-dependent defoamer efficiency demonstrated
with a matted coating system
Control
Macro = 1; Micro = 1

BYK-1788
Macro = 2; Micro = 3

Different effectiveness of selected defoamers in a matt,radiation-curing coating system based on unsaturated polyester;
rating of macro- and micro-foam from 5 = excellent to 1 = unsatisfactory.

BYK-1799
Macro = 4.5; Micro = 4

G. 15

18

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings

Adjustment of flow properties
The rheology profile is one of the most important application
properties of a coating system. It is highly important for theapplicability and practicability of the coating material. The
most important variable in describing flow behavior is
viscosity. For most coating systems, viscosity is not constant,but instead depends on various parameters. Alongside adependence on temperature, the most important thingfrom an application perspective is the shear force applied
to the coating system. Rheology describes the (sometimes)
quite complex relationships between viscosity and applied
shear forces.

anti-sagging and anti-settling properties. Post-addition ispossible.

Depending on the characteristics of the formulation andthe application conditions chosen, suitable rheology
additives are available that can achieve the desired effects.

GARAMITE-1958 and GARAMITE-7303 are a blend ofphyllosilicates with pseudo-plastic flow behavior. This
property is especially helpful in UV systems, where it iscritical to have the right balance between anti-settlingproperties and storage stability as well as shear thinningflow behavior during final application. These products areeasy to incorporate, do not require an activation temperature,
do not generate dust during incorporation, and therefore
represent an outstanding alternative to fumed silica.

In particular, RHEOBYK-410, RHEOBYK-7410 ET,
GARAMITE-1958, and GARAMITE-7303 have proven inpractice to be effective in influencing the rheologicalproperties of radiation-curing systems.
RHEOBYK-410, RHEOBYK-D 410, and RHEOBYK-7410 ET,
for example, are solutions of a modified urea for mediumpolar, solvent-free UV systems. The additives create highly
thixotropic flow behavior, and consequently improve theRheology additives for 100 % UV-systems

Organophilic phylosilicates










Thixotropic

Pseudoplastic

NewtonianHigh shearMedium shear

High shear

Low shear

Medium shearPre-mix

Post

Rheology effect

Solvent/solid

Powder

Incorporation

Water

Urea-based additives

SystemPaste

Delivery form

LiquidAdditives Especially recommended    Recommended


T. 03

Overview of urea-based additives
Product data

RHEOBYK-410

RHEOBYK-D 410

RHEOBYK-7410 ET

Active substance (%)

52

52

40

Solvent

N-methylpyrrolidone

Dimethyl sulfoxide

Amide ether

Flash point (°C)

91

99

118
T. 04

19

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings / Adjustment of flow properties

Rheological effect of RHEOBYK-410, RHEOBYK-D 410, and RHEOBYK-7410 ET in DPGDA
Additive

Additive on total formulation (%)

Gel after 1 hour

Trubidity

ControlGel after 5 hours

1

RHEOBYK-410

0.5

+

2

+

RHEOBYK-410

1.0

+

4

+

RHEOBYK-D 410

0.5

+

2

+

RHEOBYK-D 410

1.0

+

3

+

RHEOBYK-7410 ET

0.5



3



RHEOBYK-7410 ET

1.0



4



Turbidity: 1 = no turbidity, 5 = strong turbidity; Gel: + = strong rheological effect,  = weak rheological effect

1 % RHEOBYK-7410 ET

0.5 % RHEOBYK-7410 ET

1 % RHEOBYK-D 410

0.5 % RHEOBYK-D 410

1 % RHEOBYK-410

0.5 % RHEOBYK-410

Control

1 % RHEOBYK-7410 ET

0.5 % RHEOBYK-7410 ET

1 % RHEOBYK-D 410

0.5 % RHEOBYK-D 410

1 % RHEOBYK-410

After 5 hours

0.5 % RHEOBYK-410

Control

After 1 hour

G. 16

20

Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings

Product recommendation chart – Wood and furniture coatings/
decorative film systems (1/2)
Application

Solvent-free radiation-curing systems

Application

Solvent-free radiation-curing systems

Wetting and stabilizationof matting agents

DISPERBYK-2009 R 
DISPERBYK-2158 
DISPERBYK-2159 

Surface slip

Wetting and stabilizationof pigments

DISPERBYK-111 
DISPERBYK-2013 
DISPERBYK-2155 TF*3 

Silicone:
BYK-333 
BYK-379 
BYK-3760 
BYK-UV 3500*4, 5 
BYK-UV 3505*5 

Anti-settling

GARAMITE-1958 
GARAMITE-7303 
RHEOBYK-D 410 RHEOBYK-7410 ET 

Substrate wetting

Leveling

Silicone:
BYK-3760 
BYK-UV 3500*4, 5 
BYK-UV 3505*5 
BYK-379 Wax:
CERAFLOUR 988 Anti-slip

Silicone-free:
BYK-UV 3535*5 
Tape release

Silicone:
BYK-379 
BYK-UV 3500*4, 5 
BYK-UV 3505*5 
BYK-377*4, 5 / BYK-3771*5 
BYK-3760 

Easy-to-clean

Silicone:
BYK-UV 3500*4, 5 

Silicone:
BYK-3455 
BYK-3456 
BYK-333 
Silicone-free:
BYK-361 N 
BYK-UV 3535*5  First recommendation   Second recommendation
Unless otherwise stated, all silicone-containing additives have a cyclic siloxane content (D4, D5, D6) of less than 0.1 % each.
*3 (Organo) Tin-free version: Future-oriented variant of the original product. Originals are still available.
*4 Content of cyclic siloxanes ≥ 0.1 %.
*5 Contains functional groups*6 To be combined with a polysiloxane additive such as BYK-UV 3500

Wax:
CERAFLOUR 970 21Solvent-free radiation-curing wood and furniture coatings / Product recommendation chart – Wood and furniture coatings and decorative film systems

Product recommendation chart – Wood and furniture coatings/
decorative film systems (2/2)
Application

Solvent-free radiation-curing systems

Application

Solvent-free radiation-curing systems

Mechanical resistance

BYK-UV 3519*5 
NANOBYK-3605*5, 6 
BYK-UV 3518*5 

Orientation of silica matting
agents

Silicone:
BYK-3760 
BYK-UV 3500*4, 5 
BYK-UV 3505*5 
BYK-379 

Curtain stability

Silicone:
BYK-307*4 / BYK-3762 

Haptic effects

Texture:CERAFLOUR 913 
CERAFLOUR 914 
CERAFLOUR 915 
CERAFLOUR 916 
CERAFLOUR 917 Wax:
CERAFLOUR 929 N 
CERAFLOUR 988 
CERAFLOUR 1010 
Defoaming

Silicone:
BYK-1799 
BYK-1816 
BYK-088 
BYK-1818 
BYK-A 530 
Silicone-free:
BYK-1788 
BYK-1791 
BYK-1794 
BYK-1790 

Matting

CERAFLOUR 1000 
CERAFLOUR 1010 
CERAFLOUR 929 N 
CERAFLOUR 950 
CERAFLOUR 988 
CERAFLOUR 1001 
CERAFLOUR 1002  First recommendation   Second recommendation
Unless otherwise stated, all silicone-containing additives have a cyclic siloxane content (D4, D5, D6) of less than 0.1 % each.
*3 (Organo) Tin-free version: Future-oriented variant of the original product. Originals are still available.
*4 Content of cyclic siloxanes ≥ 0.1 %.
*5 Contains functional groups*6 To be combined with a polysiloxane additive such as BYK-UV 3500

Soft-feel effect:
CERAFLOUR 994 
CERAFLOUR 1000 
CERAFLOUR 1001 
T. 05

02/2024
L-TI 7

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info@byk.com
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