APPLICATION INFORMATION
PTFE-FREE TEXTURES IN POWDER COATINGSWITH CLAYTONE AND GARAMITE
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PTFE-free textures in powder coatings with CLAYTONE and GARAMITE

Content
03 Introduction
04 CLAYTONE and GARAMITE in powder coatings
05 Evaluation of optical appearance, structure, and texture effects
06 Hybrid powder coating systems (polyester + epoxy)
09 HAA powder coating systems (polyester + ß-hydroxyalkyl amide)

03

Introduction
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a typical representative of perfluoroalkyl
and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that provides unique properties for
powder coatings. The effects range from scratch resistance to the creationof fine textures. In particular, the robust, fine texture is a desired designin the market today. It covers functional as well as decorative demands.
Its usage has been increasingly critically assessed at a global level for sometime now, because products from this group of chemicals are suspectedof being harmful to health. BYK provides a solution that avoids the use of
PFASs entirely and still obtains a fine texture design in powder coatings byusing CLAYTONE and GARAMITE. It helps to fulfill the demand for matt,fine texture designs without fear of rapid emergency changes in theformulation due to regulatory restrictions.

For additional information on
additives and technical topics,
please contact us:
powderlab.BYK.Wesel@altana.com

Note
To ensure the best appearance
and full functionality, please
open in Adobe Acrobat.

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PTFE-free textures in powder coatings with CLAYTONE and GARAMITE

CLAYTONE and GARAMITE in powder coatings
Various products of the product lines CLAYTONE andGARAMITE can be used to create structure or texture
finishes by increasing the melt viscosity and providing
predictable rheology for powder coatings. The resulting finetexture finishes offer an alternative to PTFE-based additives.
CLAYTONE and GARAMITE types offer a selection of visual
effects. Differences in the combination of gloss level, texture
fineness and dosage reliability can be achieved and selectedby using these types. These effects are supported by thecomposition of the formulation.

CLAYTONE shows a distinct strength in hybrid systems(polyester + epoxy), while GARAMITE shows its strength
in HAA systems (polyester + ß-hydroxyalkyl amide).
Nevertheless, both product lines are suitable for all typesof powder coating resin systems.
The additives need to be mixed with resin, hardener,
pigments, and other raw materials in a high-speed mixer
and extruded afterwards. Good dispersion of the additiveby the extruder promotes texture development.

Production process of powder coatings

Net weight

Pre-mixing

Extrusion

Grinding

Sieving

Application

CuringG. 01

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PTFE-free textures in powder coatings with CLAYTONE and GARAMITE

Evaluation of optical appearance, structure,and texture effects
The texture effect achieved can be evaluated visually or,for example, with a 3D surface scan using spectro2profiler
provided by BYK Gardner. This instrument takes multiple
pictures and generates a 3D topography of the coating
surface.
The explanation of 3D topography is slightly more complex
and is indicated by a color scale:• An even and homogenous color indicates a smoothsurface.
• A color gradient from yellow to green shows differences
between the minimum and maximum height, which
can be perceived as structure.
• A color gradient from yellow to violet shows even higher
differences between the minimum and maximum height,
which can be seen as texture.

Color scale

Minimum

Maximum

No texture

TextureThe measurement area for the 3D topography is approx. 15 mm x 15 mm, while the size of the photographed samples is approx. 60 mm x 60 mm.

G. 02

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PTFE-free textures in powder coatings with CLAYTONE and GARAMITE

Hybrid powder coating systems (polyester + epoxy)
These different starting point formulations show various
possibilities with BYK additives. CLAYTONE and GARAMITE
can be used with or without a leveling additive to achievedifferent texture appearances.

Hybrid formulations include a leveling additive for smoothfinishes. To achieve a texture effect, PTFE wax-based
additives are used. With the CLAYTONE and GARAMITE
product lines, the texture effect is created without PTFE.

Starting point formulations
Raw material

Control(no texture)

Standard texture
formulation

Without leveling additive

With leveling additive

2.0 % Rheology additive

4.0 % Rheology additive

2.0 % Rheology additive

4.0 % Rheology additive

Polyester resin (AV ~ 35 mg KOH/g)

46.6

46.6

46.6

46.6

46.6

46.6

Epoxy resin (EEW ~ 770 g/eq)

19.4

19.4

19.4

19.4

19.4

19.4

Titanium dioxide

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

Barium sulfate

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

Organic blue pigment

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

Benzoin

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

Leveling additive

1.0

0.8

-

-

0.8

0.8

PTFE wax additive

-

0.5

-

-

-

-

CLAYTONE or GARAMITE type

-

-

2.0

4.0

2.0

4.0

100.0

100.3

101.0

103.0

101.8

103.8

Total

T. 01

Processing instructions
ExtruderTwin screw
Heating zone
Shaft speed

Application
Powder gun
90 °C–105 °C
350 rpm

Voltage
70 kVThickness minimum 70 µm

07PTFE-free textures in powder coatings with CLAYTONE and GARAMITE / Hybrid powder coating systems (polyester + epoxy)

Typically used additives are GARAMITE-1210, GARAMITE-7305,
CLAYTONE-APA, and CLAYTONE-HY, which create various gloss
and texture effects. CLAYTONE-HY can be used to achieve

similar texture effects compared to PTFE standard formulations.
If CLAYTONE-HY is combined with a leveling additive, thegloss might be increased compared to the samples without.

CLAYTONE-HY compared to PTFE wax additive in hybrid system
Optical appearance

Control (no texture)

Standard texture formulation

4.0 % CLAYTONE-HY without leveling additive

4.0 % CLAYTONE-HY with leveling additive

3D topography

G. 03

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PTFE-free textures in powder coatings with CLAYTONE and GARAMITE / Hybrid powder coating systems (polyester + epoxy)

The usage of the other recommended additives leads todifferent structures and texture effects, which provides
a wide variety simply by using different dosages of theadditives. The samples differ in gloss values as well as instructure appearance, which can be seen in the 3D

typography of the surfaces. GARAMITE-7305 provides
smoother surfaces, while GARAMITE-1210 creates astronger texture. Different dosages of CLAYTONE-APA
provide matt surfaces, which become more matt withhigher dosages.

Comparison of GARAMITE-1210 and GARAMITE-7305
in hybrid system

Different dosages of CLAYTONE-APA
in hybrid system
Optical appearance

Optical appearance

4.0 % GARAMITE-1210

4.0 % GARAMITE-7305

2.0 % CLAYTONE-APA

3D topography

4.0 % CLAYTONE-APA

3D topography
G. 04

G. 05

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PTFE-free textures in powder coatings with CLAYTONE and GARAMITEHAA powder coating systems (polyester + ß-hydroxyalkyl amide)
HAA powder coating systems include a leveling additive forsmooth finishes. To achieve a texture effect, PTFE wax-based
additives are used. With the CLAYTONE and GARAMITE
product lines, the texture effect is created without PTFE.

These different starting point formulations show various
possibilities with BYK additives. CLAYTONE and GARAMITE
can be used with or without a leveling additive to achievedifferent texture appearances.

Starting point formulations
Raw material

Control(no texture)

Standard texture formulation

With leveling additive
2.0 % Rheology additive

4.0 % Rheology additive

Polyester resin (AV ~ 33 mg KOH/g)

70.4

70.4

70.4

70.4

HAA (Ratio 95:5)

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.7

Titanium dioxide

15.0

15.0

15.0

15.0

Barium sulfate

9.1

9.1

9.1

9.1

Carbon black

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

Benzoin

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

Leveling additive

1.0

0.8

0.8

0.8

PTFE wax additive

-

0.5

-

-

CLAYTONE or GARAMITE type

-

-

2.0

4.0

100.0

100.3

101.8

103.8

Total

T. 02

Processing instructions
ExtruderTwin screw
Heating zone
Shaft speed

Application
Powder gun
90 °C–100 °C
350 rpm

Voltage
70 kVThickness minimum 70 µm

10PTFE-free textures in powder coatings with CLAYTONE and GARAMITE / HAA powder coating systems (polyester + ß-hydroxyalkyl amide)

Typically used additives are GARAMITE-1210 and
CLAYTONE-HY, which create various gloss and texture
effects. GARAMITE-1210 can be used to achieve almost
the same effect compared to a PTFE standard solution.

GARAMITE-1210 compared to PTFE wax additive in HAA system
Optical appearance

Control (no texture)

Standard texture formulation

4.0 % GARAMITE-1210

3D topography

G. 06

02/2023
H-A 1
BYK-Chemie GmbH
Abelstraße 4546483 Wesel
GermanyTel +49 281 670-0
Fax +49 281 65735

ADD-MAX®, ADD-VANCE®, ANTI-TERRA®, AQUACER®, AQUAMAT®, AQUATIX®, BENTOLITE®, BYK®, BYK-AQUAGEL®, BYK®-DYNWET®, BYK-MAX®,
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The information herein is based on our present knowledge and experience. The information merely describes the properties of our products but noguarantee of properties in the legal sense shall be implied. We recommend testing our products as to their suitability for your envisaged purpose prior touse. No warranties of any kind, either express or implied, including warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, are made regarding
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