Application Procedures for Grants-in-Aid
for Scientific Research-KAKENHIFY2024

Research Activity Start-up

This English version is provided for convenience of prospective KAKENHI applicants who
experience difficulty in reading the Japanese original, which should be referred to, in case of dispute.

March 1, 2024
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(https://www.jsps.go.jp/)

Introduction
This document describes the procedures and other matters relevant to the“Call for Proposals for the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research-KAKENHI- for FY2024” including the “Research Activity Start up”.
The contents are:
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
Ⅴ

Outline of the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research-KAKENHICall for Proposals
Instructions for Prospective Applicants
Instructions for Administrative Staff of Research Institution
Other Relevant Issues“II Call for Proposals” provides for the Research Category, such basic
issues as the subjects in the research category to be called, the range ofenvisaged total budget, a project period, etc. The schedule from the call for
proposals, through the proposal submission and the review, to the grantdelivery is also described.
The subsequent sections, “Ⅲ Instructions for Prospective Applicants”, and“Ⅳ Instructions for Administrative Staff of Research Institution” describe
conditions for application, required procedures, and other matters, to befollowed by the respective actors.
This Call for Proposals is announced prior to the finalization of the national
budget for FY2024, so as to let prospective applicants proceed with an
early preparation for the review and enable to commence their research
activities as soon as possible. It is therefore, to be reminded that, dependingon the situation of the national budget enactment, details on the grant
allocation and other matters may be subject to change at a later stage.
The major changes in the FY2024 Call for Proposals are listed on thefollowing pages.

-2-Explanation of Important Matters
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research is a competitive researchfunding intended to provide financial support for creative andpioneering research conducted by individual researchers. Therefore,
the contents of the Research Proposal Document must be originalplanned by the applicant.
Plagiarism and/or misappropriation of the research contents of others
are strictly impermissible. Applicants must comply with research
ethics. Please note that the use of generative AI in the preparation of
the Research Proposal Document causes the risk of inadvertent
infringement of copyright and leakage of personal information andconfidential information. It is the responsibility of the individual
researcher to make appropriate decisions about the usage of generativeAI.

 The research using the KAKENHI fund should be carried out by the
researcher(s)’ own initiative and responsibility. Therefore, theimplementation of a KAKENHI research project and publication of theresearch results are solely attributed to the researchers’ responsibility
and view, and do not reflect that of the funding sector nor of thegovernment.
 To ensure the quality of scientific knowledge and to gain trust ofsociety on scientists and scientific communities, it is essential toexercise fair and conscientious research activities with the adherence tothe code of conduct for scientists. Applicants must understand andpractice the contents of both the Statement “Code of Conduct for
Scientists -Revised Version-” (section I. “Responsibilities of
Scientists”) by the Science Council of Japan and the booklet “For theSound Development of Science - The Attitude of a Conscientious
Scientist -” (especially section I “What Is a Responsible Research
Activity?”) issued by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS).


From the perspective of enhancing the quality of research activities
among the international scientific research networks, researchers are-3-

urged to disseminate their research results aggressively to theinternational society by publication of scientific papers in international
journals, co-authoring of international papers, presentations ininternational conferences, etc.

-4-＜Major Changes in the Call Proposals for Fiscal Year 2024＞(1) Relaxation of Application Requirements to Promote Gender Equality○ In order to create an environment that enables early-career or child-raisingresearchers to more actively return to or participate in research activities, theperiod of raising preschooler(s), in addition to the period of maternity or
childcare leave, will newly be taken into consideration under the application
requirements of Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up and Grant-in-Aid
for Early-Career Scientists. Starting from the FY2024 call for proposals for
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up and the FY2025 call for proposals
for Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists, the application requirements willchange as follows. Please refer to the respective Application Procedures for
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research for details.

【FY2024 Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up】
A) An individual who obtains eligibility for KAKENHI application on orafter September 20, 2023, and has not submitted an application under
the call for proposals for the following research categories(*1)
announced by MEXT and JSPS.
B) An individual who has not submitted an application under the call for
proposals for the following research categories(*1) announced by
MEXT and JSPS because he/she was on maternity leave or was raising apreschooler(*2) in FY2023.
(*1) FY2024 Grants-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research,
Transformative Research Areas, Scientific Research, Challenging
Research, and Early-Career Scientists(*2) Including the period of childcare leave.
【FY2025 Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists (call for proposals to
be started in mid-July 2024)】
Researchers who are less than eight years after the acquisition of their
Ph.D. as of April 1, 2025 (*)-5-(*) Eligible researchers include the following:・Those who are expected to acquire their Ph.D. by April 1, 2025
・Those who are deemed less than eight years after the acquisition of their
Ph.D. by exempting the period of maternity leave or the period ofraising preschooler(s) following their Ph.D. acquisition(2) Ensuring International Research Activities○ This document clarifies that from the perspective of encouraging researchers
to conduct international research activities, applicants who have madeinternational efforts related to their research plans (such as their records ofjoint international research and research history in overseas institutions) can
describe such efforts in their Research Proposal Documents as necessary.
○ This document clearly states that researchers are urged to make an effort todisseminate their KAKENHI-funded research achievements aggressively tothe international society.

(3) Changes to the Review Method of Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity
Start-up and Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Scientists○ Starting from FY2024, the review method of Grant-in-Aid for Research
Activity Start-up and Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Scientists haschanged from a two-stage document review to a one-stage document review
to make adoption/rejection decisions. This will allow for early notice ofreview results, and those whose research proposals were not adopted underGrant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up will be able to secure sufficient
preparation time needed for the application for Grant-in-Aid for Scientific
Research, etc. upon receiving the notice.

(4) Changes to the Schedule for Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity
Start-up after Submitting Application Documents○ With the changes to the review method of Grant-in-Aid for Research
Activity Start-up starting from FY2024, the schedule after the submission of
application documents will change.

-6-Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
May-July 2024

Review

Late July

Notice of review results / Provisional grant decision

Late July

Disclosure of review results

Middle of AugustFormal application for grant delivery

Late September

Official grant decision

Late September

Grant delivery* The notification of review results of Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up will begiven on the same day as the provisional grant decision.

(5) Research Data Management○ Starting from fiscal year 2024, researchers are asked to prepare research
Data Management Plans (DMPs) of their projects under all research
categories in principle. Details such as an example of a DMP will be given at
the time of provisional grant decision. As such, please store, manage, and takeother measures for research results and data of your research projects inaccordance with your DMPs.

-7-

Table of Contents
I. Outline of the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research -KAKENHI-･････････････11
1. Purpose and Character of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research -KAKENHI2. Research Categories
3. Role Sharing between MEXT and JSPS
4. Rules Pertaining to KAKENHI(1) Three Types of Rules Pertaining to KAKENHI(2) Appropriate Use of KAKENHI(3) The Distinction between KAKENHI (Series of Single-year Grants) and KAKENHI(Multi-year Fund)(4) Penalty for Non-submission of “Report on the Research Achievements”(5) Penalty for the Case of Infringement of Related Laws and Regulations
5. “Guidelines on the Proper Implementation of Competitive Research Funding”, etc.
(1) Elimination of Unreasonable Duplication and/or Excessive Overconcentration in the Grant
Allocation(2) Dealing with “Improper Grant Spending”, “Fraudulent Grant Acquisition” or “Research
Misconduct”
6. Dissemination, Etc. of Research Achievements Supported by KAKENHI
7. Code of Conduct for Scientists to Adhere

II. Call for Proposals ････････････････････････････････････････････････････････29
1. Research Categories for Which a Call for Proposals is Organized
2. Schedule from Application to Grant Delivery(1) Procedures that Need to Be Completed Prior to the Deadline for Submission of the
Application Documents(2) Schedule After the Submission of the Application Documents (Plan)
3. Review Panels and Other Matters(1) Concerning KAKENHI Review (Omitted)(2) Review Methods and Other Matters(3) Notification of the Review Results

III. Instructions for Prospective Applicants ･･･････････････････････････････････35
1. Procedures to Be Completed Prior to the Application(1) Ascertainment of the Eligibility for KAKENHI Application(2) Confirmation of the Researcher Information Registered in the e-Rad System(3) Obtainment of an ID and a Password for the Electronic Application System
2. Restrictions on Parallel Grant Application/Receipt(1) The Basic Policy for Restriction on Parallel Grant Application/Receipt(2) Restrictions on Parallel Grant Application/Receipt(3) Important Notes-8-(4) Special Provisions for the Restriction on Parallel Grant Application/Receipt
3. Preparation of the KAKENHI Application Form (Research Proposal Document), etc.
(1) Preparation of KAKENHI Research Proposal Document(2) Electronic Submission of the Research Proposal Document(3) Important Checkpoints of the Research Proposal Document(4) Requirements for the Appropriation of Research Expenditure(5) No mistakes in the format, etc. of the Research Proposal
4. Completion of Research Ethics Education Coursework, etc.
5. Registration of the Researcher Information in “researchmap”
6. Cooperation to Review

Ⅳ. Instructions for Administrative Staff of Research Institution ･･･････････････61
1. Sharing the Purpose and Aim of the KAKENHI System
2. Issues to Be Completed Beforehand by the “Research Institution”(1) Requirements as a “Research Institution” and Procedures for Designation and Change(2) Ascertainment of the Eligibility to Apply of the Affiliated Researcher(3) Submission of the “Background Description Regarding the Eligibility for Grant-in-Aid for
Research Activity Start-up”(4) Obtainment of an ID and a Password for the Researcher Belonging to the Research Institution(5) Submission of the “Self-Assessment Checklist on the Improvement of the System” Based on
the “Guidelines on the Management and Audit of Public Research Funds at ResearchInstitutions (Implementation Standards)”(6) Submission of the “Checklist Pertaining to the Current Status” Based on the “Guidelines for
Responding to Research Misconduct”(7) Implementation of a Research Ethics Education Coursework Based on the “Guidelines on
Research Misconduct”, etc.
(8) On the Submission of the Report on the Research Achievements(9) Obtaining Sufficient Knowledge about the Contents of the Application Procedures(10) Ensuring Research Integrity Among Research Institutions
3. Issues that Need to Be Verified When Compiling the Application Forms (Preparing the
Research Proposal Document)(1) Ascertainment of the Eligibility for KAKENHI Application(2) Confirmation of the Researcher Information Registered in the e-Rad System(3) Verification of Principal Investigator(4) Verification of the Application Forms
4. Submission and Other Matters of the Research Proposal Document (Preparing the
Research Proposal Document)

Ⅴ. Other Relevant Issues ････････････････････････････････････････････････････74
1. Support through Platforms for Advanced Technologies and ResearchResources
2. Promotion of the Shared Use of Research Equipment
3. Promotion of the ‘Dialogue on Science and Technology with Citizens’ (A Basic-9-

Approach Policy)
4. Cooperation with the National Bioscience Database Center
5. Inter-University Bio-Backup Project
6. National BioResource Project
7. Security Export Control Policy (Coping with Technology Leakage Overseas)
8. Strict Implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 2321
9. Improvement of Treatment of Students in Doctoral Course
10. Securing University Research Administrators (URAs) and other Management
Personnel
11. Promoting Gender Equality in JSPS Programs
12. About HIRAMEKI☆TOKIMEKI SCIENCE –Welcome to a University Research Lab–
Science That Inspires and Inspirits
Attached Table 1

Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research-KAKENHI-“Research Activity
Start-up FY2022” Review Section Table ･･････････････････････ 84
Attached Table 2 Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research-KAKENHI-“Research Activity
Start-up FY2022” Review Section Table Examples of related researchcontent ･･････････････････････････････････････････････････ 86(Reference 1)
Procedures on the Handling of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research ･･･(Omitted)(Reference 2)
Procedures on the Handling of JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(KAKENHI (Multi-year Fund )) ･･････････････････････････････････････(Omitted)
Inquiries ･･･････････････････････････････････････････････････････････････････112
References
The application forms (Research Proposal Document) and other application materials
are contained in separate files. Please refer to “Supplementary edition to theApplication Procedures for Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research -KAKENHI- for
FY2023; (Research Activity Start-up) (Forms / Procedures for Preparing and Enteringa Research Proposal Document)”.
* The application forms (Research Proposal Document) and other application materials canbe downloaded from the JSPS website (cf. URL below).
URL: https://www.jsps.go.jp/j-grantsinaid/22_startup_support/download.html- 10 -

I. Outline of the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research -KAKENHI1. Purpose and Character of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research -KAKENHIGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (hereinafter referred to as “KAKENHI”) are competitive
research funds that are intended to promote development of scientific research (based on originalideas ofresearchers), encompassing basic to applied researches in all fields ranging fromhumanities and social sciences to natural sciences. The grants provide financial support for creativeand pioneering research projects that will become the foundation of social development. The
research projects are selected by peer-review process.
<The placement of “KAKENHI” in the policy on the promotion of science, technology andscientific research in Japan>

2. Research Categories
Different research categories of KAKENHI listed below are provided so as to meet the variety of theresearch content and budget scale.
 As of March 2024
Research categories

Purposes and description of each research category

Type of fund*1

Outstanding and distinctive research conducted by one or a relatively small numberof researchers expected to achieve remarkably excellent research results that opens
up a new scientific field.
The research period is 3 to 5 years. (In a truly necessary case, period up to 7 years is
acceptable.) The budget ranges from 200 million to 500 million yen per project (Onlyin a truly necessary case, budget exceeding 500 million yen is asked for.).

SG

Grants-in-Aid for
Scientific Research
Grant-in-Aid forSpecially Promoted
Research- 11 -

This category is intended to foster novel research areas proposed by diverse groups
Grant-in-Aid forof researchers that are expected to lead to development and heightening of Japan’s
Scientific Research on
research level in the respective fields, to be conducted by collective research efforts
Innovative Areas(Research in a Proposed through collaboration, scholarly training, shared use of equipment, etc.
The period is 5 years. The budget range is generally set between 10 million to 300
Research Area)
million yen per fiscal year per proposed area.
[A call for proposals for Summary of research outcome of completed research areas
only is put out in FY2023 and beyond.]

SG(A) Research areas proposed through co-creative and interdisciplinary efforts ofdiverse researchers, which aim to create research areas that will lead the way toradical transformation of and change in the existing framework and/or directionof research as well as upgrade and level-up of scientific research in Japan andnurturing young researchers, and will contribute to the development of the
proposed research areas through efforts for joint research and shared use of
equipment, etc. (5 years; more than 50 million yen and up to 300 million yen per
fiscal year per research area (In a truly necessary case, a budget exceeding 300
million yen may be requested.))(B) Research areas proposed by compact groups of researchers who will be bearers of
the next generation of research with a smaller budget scale (about 3 or 4 groups),
which aim to create research areas that will lead the way to radical transformationof and change in the existing framework and/or direction of research as well as
upgrade and level-up of scientific research in Japan through more challenging andexploratory research, and expected to lead to the Transformative Research Areas(A) in the future. (3 years; 50 million yen or less per fiscal year per research area)

SG

Grant-in-Aid forTransformative
Research Area

Grant-in-Aid for
Scientific Research(S): Creative/pioneering research conducted by one or a relatively small number of
researchers.
5 years (in principle) 50 million to 200 million yen(A), (B), (C): Creative/pioneering research conducted by one researcher or jointly bymultiple researchers.
(A) 3 to 5 years; 20 million to 50 million yen(B) 3 to 5 years: 5 million to 20 million yen(C) 3 to 5 years; 5 million yen or less

(S)
SG
(A)

(B)
MF
(C)

Research conducted by a single or multiple researchers that aims at radically
Grant-in-Aid fortransforming the existing research framework and/or changing the research direction
Challenging Research(Pioneering/Exploratory) and has a potential of rapid development.
The scope of the (Exploratory) category encompasses research proposals that arehighly exploratory and/or are in their budding stages.
(Pioneering) 3 to 6 years; 5 million to 20 million yen(Exploratory) 2 to 3 years; 5 million yen or lessMF

Grant-in-Aid for
Early-Career Scientists

Research conducted by an individual researcher (*2) who is less than 8 years after
Ph.D. acquisition.
2 to 5 years; 5 million yen or lessMF

Grant-in-Aid for
Research Activity
Start-up

Research conducted by a single researcher who has been newly hired by a research
institution, or who has returned from his/her childcare leave, etc. or from the nursingof his/her preschool child(ren).
1 to 2 years; 3 million yen or less (1.5 million yen or less if the research period is 1
year.)MF

Grant-in-Aid for
Encouragement of
Scientists

Research conducted by an individual who is ineligible for application for other
KAKENHI categories (e.g., individuals who belong to educational or research
institutions, private companies, etc. and engage in the researches to contribute to thepromotion of the science).
1 year; 100 thousand to 1 million yen

Grant-in-Aid forSpecial Purposes

Research projects of pressing urgency and importance.

Grant-in-Aid for Publication of Scientific Research Results

SG

MF
SG

- 12 -

Publication of Research
Results

Subsidy for publication and/or international dissemination of research achievementsof high academic values executed by academic associations and other organizations.

Enhancement ofInternational
Dissemination ofInformation
Scientific Literature

Subsidy for efforts by academic societies and other scholarly organizations tostrengthen international dissemination of academic information for the purpose ofinternational academic exchange.

Databases

Subsidy for creation and operation of a database open to public use by an individual
or a group of researchers.

Grant-in-Aid for JSPS
Fellows

Funding period is up to 3 years for research conducted by JSPS Fellows (including
Foreign JSPS Fellows). As for Cross-border Postdoctoral Fellowship (CPD) the
period is up to 5 years

Subsidy for academic publication of research results (books) authored by anindividual or a group of researchers.

MF

Fund for the Promotion of Joint International ResearchInternational LeadingThis grant aims to enable research groups led by top-level researchers in our country
Research
to play a central role in the international network, thereby achieving research resultsof high scientific value internationally. With the participation of postdoctoral fellows
and graduate students, the grant seeks to foster researchers who can play leadingroles in the international research community in the future.
(7 years (extendable up to 10 years); up to 500 million yen)
Fostering Joint
International Research

Support of joint international research project conducted by a KAKENHI grantee incollaboration with researcher(s) at a foreign university or a research institution
over a period of 6 to 12 months. The grant seeks to markedly advance researchplans for the root research project and to foster independent researchers who canbe internationally competitive. (The budget is up to 12 million yen.) [Thecategory name will be changed from the FY2023 call for proposals.]

MF
International
Collaborative ResearchInternational Activities
Supporting Group

Home-Returning
Researcher
Development Research

Support of joint international research project conducted by multiple domestic
researchers and a researcher who belongs to overseas research institution. In addition
to the development of scientific research, the grant seeks to build out infrastructure ofjoint international research or further strengthen joint international research and tofoster researchers who can be internationally competitive. (The period is 3 to 6 years.
The budget is up to 20 million yen.)【The category name ise changed from the
FY2023 call for proposals.】
Support of international activities within Scientific Research on Innovative Areas.
(Set period of the Area, up to 15 million yen per fiscal year)[After FY2018 call for proposals “International Activities Supporting Group” hasbeen incorporated into “Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas“Administrative Group.” (It continued until the FY2019 call for proposals.)]
Support of research to be conducted by a Japanese researcher with current affiliation
abroad who is to be newly appointed at university or research institution in Japan.
(The period is up to 3 years. The budget is up to 50 million yen.)*1 SG: Series of Single-year Grants, MF: Multi-year Fund
*2 Individuals who are in the prospect of acquiring Ph.D. are also eligible. When counting the years after Ph.D. acquisition, theperiod of maternity leave and childcare leave can be excluded.

3. Role Sharing between MEXT and JSPS
Up to FY 1998, all aspects of KAKENHI funding were handled by the Ministry of Education (thepredecessor of MEXT). From FY1999 on, these tasks have been gradually transferred to JSPS. The
current role-sharing between MEXT and JSPS is as shown below.

- 13 -

Grant delivery

Call for proposals, Review

Research category

Scientific Research on Innovative Areas,
Transformative Research Areas,
Special Purposes,
Fund for the Promotion of Joint International
Research (International Activities Supporting
Group)
Specially Promoted Research,
Scientific Research,
Challenging Exploratory Research,
Challenging Research,
Early-Career Scientists,
Research Activity Start-up,
Encouragement of Scientists,
Publication of Scientific Research Results,
JSPS Research Fellow,
Fund for the Promotion of Joint International
Research (International Leading Research,Fostering Joint International Research,

Preparation of the document(s) forprocedures, Reception of proposal
submission

Notifications of unofficial decision
Reception of the application form
(after unofficial decision) and otherdocuments for the relevant
procedures.
Notification of grant decision

MEXT

JSPS

JSPS

JSPS

International Collaborative
Research,Home-Returning Researcher

Development Research)

4. Rules Pertaining to KAKENHI
KAKENHI (Series of Single-year Grants) are governed by the “Law on Optimizing
Implementation of Budgets Relating to Subsidies” (Law No. 179, 1955), the “Procedures on the
Handling of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research” (Public Notice of MEXT), the “Procedures on
the Handling of JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research” (KAKENHI (Series of Single-year
Grants)) (Regulations No. 17, 2003), and other rules.
KAKENHI (Multi-year Fund) are governed by the application with modifications of the “Law on
Optimizing Implementation of Budgets Relating to Subsidies” (Law No. 179, 1955) and theapplication of the “Basic Policy on the Management of the KAKENHI (Multi-year Fund) (Decisionby the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology)”, the “Procedures on the
Handling of JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI (Multi-year Fund))” (Rule No.
19, 2011) and other rules.

(1) Three types of rules pertaining to KAKENHI
The following three sets of rules pertain to various aspects of KAKENHI.

- 14 -

i) Application Rules: rules concerning the submission of research proposalsii) Assessment Rules: rules concerning the pre-assessment (review) of applications, and rules
concerning the interim, and other progress assessment of granted projects.
iii) Spending Rules: rules concerning the use of KAKENHI
These three sets of rules apply as follows.

Application Rules

Assessment Rules

Spending Rules

MEXT

MEXT

JSPS

Application Procedures

Rules concerning the assessment for
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

KAKENHI(Series ofSingle-year
Grants)JSPS
Application Procedures

JSPS
Rules concerning the review andassessment for Grants-in-Aid for
Scientific Research

KAKENHI(Multi-year
Fund)

For researchers: Supplementary
conditions
For research institutions:
Administrative work and other tasks
concerning the use of Grants-in-Aid
for Scientific Research (KAKENHI(Series of Single-year Grants)), to be
performed by each research
institution
JSPS
For researchers: Funding conditions
For research institutions:
Administrative work and other tasks
concerning the use of Grants-in-Aid
for Scientific Research (KAKENHI(Multi-year Fund)), to be performedby each research institution(2) Appropriate use of KAKENHI
KAKENHI are funded by the tax of citizens and other sources, so please ensure that the
KAKENHI is used efficiently and effectively, for example through planning for the communal
use of purchased items.
Researchers receiving the KAKENHI have a duty to comply with the related laws, regulations
and spending rules by researchers (supplementary conditions or funding conditions), and also touse such grants appropriately. To facilitate the appropriate use of KAKENHI, research institutions
to which the researchers belong are responsible for the management of KAKENHI. The
Administrative work that each research institution is required to carry out (rules for use for
institutions) is determined by JSPS. The research institutions are responsible for the appropriate
accounting of KAKENHI. It is desirable, for example, to set up an accounting system for proper
management of KAKENHI budget and expenditure, purchase order and delivery inspection, and- 15 -

internal auditing. To prevent improper business transactions, it is important, in addition toappropriate delivery inspections, to make all traders thoroughly informed of the KAKENHI rules
and thus obtain cooperation of traders in the prevention of this kind of fraudulent accounting.
Research institutions should take rigorous measures so as to eliminate business malpractice.
KAKENHI applicants and their research institutions must have full understanding of the
KAKENHI rules prior to the submission of their research proposals.

(3) The Distinction between KAKENHI (Series of Single-year Grants) and KAKENHI(Multi-year Fund)
A research project submitted to the categories of KAKENHI (Series of Single-year Grants), if
adopted, is granted as a package plan for the multi-year research period. The actual funding,however, is made on the single-year basis for each fiscal year of the research period. Therefore,
this type of KAKENHI cannot be used to cover the expenditures in fiscal years other than therespective grant year.
When it is anticipated that spending of the grant cannot be completed within the fiscal year, owing
to reason(s) unforeseeable at the time of grant delivery, the grant can be carried over to the next
fiscal year after going through the due procedure. Firstly a Principal Investigator submits anapplication for carry-forward of grant through his/her affiliated research institution to JSPS. After
reviewing it by JSPS and MEXT, the Minister of MEXT makes a request to the Minister ofFinance for the carry-forward of grant to obtain his/her approval.
On the other hand, the KAKENHI (Multi-year Fund) is handled as single funding for the whole
research period. Therefore, it is possible to use the grant to cover the expenditures extending overfiscal year boundaries.
Moreover, if an amount of grant remains unused by the end of a fiscal year, it can be carried overto the successive fiscal year(s) as long as they are within the overall research period, without going
through prior authorization procedures. In case such a grant carry-over becomes necessary in the
final year of the research period, the grantee may choose to request an official approval of one-year
extension of the research period.

(4) Penalty for Non-submission of “Report on the Research Achievements”
1) The “Report on the Research Achievements” plays the important role in making theachievements of the research funded by the KAKENHI widely known to the public, andthereby returning the outcome of KAKENHI supported by citizens’ tax, to the society.
The contents of the “Report on the Research Achievements” submitted by KAKENHI
grantees are compiled and made available to the public on the “Grants-in-Aid for Scientific- 16 -

Research Database” (KAKEN) of the National Institute of Informatics and other platforms.
“Report on the Research Achievements” should be submitted via the research institution towhich the KAKENHI grantees belong.
2) No KAKENHI grant will be awarded to a researcher who failed to submit the “Report on the
Research Achievements” at the end of his/her research period without any justifiable reason.
If such a non-compliance case is uncovered, the decision of grant award to the researcher inquestion may be cancelled, the on-going grant may be suspended, and return of the delivered
grant may be ordered. In addition, relevant information, such as the name of the research
institution to which the researcher in question belongs, may be made public.
Furthermore, if researchers have failed to submit the scheduled report on the researchachievements without justified reason, then execution of other KAKENHI implemented in thesame fiscal year will be suspended. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the representative of
the research institution to ensure that the report on the research achievements is submitted
without fail.

(5) Penalty for the Case of Infringement of Related Laws and Regulations
If there have been serious falsehoods in the application documents, or violation of relevant laws,
regulations and guidelines, the delivery of KAKENHI may be suspended or cancelled.

5. “Guidelines on the Proper Implementation of Competitive Research Funds”,
etc.
The “Guidelines on the Proper Implementation of Competitive Research Funds” (Agreement of the
Liaison Meeting of Related Offices and Ministries on Competitive Research Funds, September 9,
2005; revised December 17, 2021) states common understandings among the research-related
ministries and offices in regard to allocation of competitive research funds, in terms of elimination ofsuch inappropriate practices as unreasonable duplication and/or excessive overconcentration in the
grant allocation, fraudulent acquisition and/or unlawful use of grants, and misconducts in research
activities. The implementation of the KAKENHI system as well as other competitive research funds
scheme follows the above-mentioned “Guidelines” and other related rules. Applicants are urged totake special notice of the following points.

(1) Elimination of Unreasonable Duplication and/or Excessive Overconcentration in the
Grant Allocationi) Towards elimination of “Unreasonable Duplication and/or Excessive Overconcentration” ofcompetitive research funds, relevant information on funding applications are shared among the- 17 -

pertinent ministries and funding agencies, making use of the Cross-ministerial Research andDevelopment management system (e-Rad).
Therefore, applicants, when submitting more than one KAKENHI applications and/or othercompetitive research funds, are urged to prepare their application documents with due care toclearly state the differences between the project to be submitted and their other projects so as
to make it clear that they do not constitute unreasonable duplication.
In case a particular KAKENHI application is recognized as constituting a case of unreasonable
duplication and/or excessive overconcentration, that application may not be granted.
ii) The following conducts may result in rejection of the research project, cancellation of grant, or
reduction of the research budget: untruthful statement or misrepresentation in any of the entryof the status of applications and acquisitions of other competitive research funds (including
those of other ministries) and other grants in the research proposal document (such as name ofresearch grant, title of research project, research period, amount of budget, effort, affiliatedinstitution/position upon application/acquisition of such grants, etc.); if it is found that theapplicant has not appropriately shared with his/her affiliated research institution, theinformation necessary to ensure the transparency of all research activities that he/she isinvolved in, including information on research funds and side jobs, etc., as well as information
on donations and information on supports other than monetary funds, for example, through theprovision of facilities and/or equipment.
iii) Inquiries on the status of acceptance of facilities and/or equipment used for the research, thestatus of management of such facilities/equipment, and request for other information may bemade to researchers, etc.

- 18 -Elimination of Unreasonable Duplication and Excessive Overconcentration in Grant Allocation“Guidelines on the Proper Implementation of Competitive Research Funds” -Extract(Agreement of the Liaison Meeting of Related Offices and Ministries on Competitive ResearchFunds, September 9, 2005; revised December 17, 2021)
2. Elimination of Unreasonable Duplication and/or Excessive Overconcentration in the Grant
Allocation(1) Basic Policy of the Unreasonable Reduplication and Excessive Overconcentrationi) In the “Guidelines”, “Unreasonable Duplication” refers to a situation in which more than one

competitive research funds are unnecessarily and duplicative allotted to one and the same
research project by one and the same researcher. Either of the following cases falls under“Unreasonable Duplication”.
○Cases where simultaneous applications have been made to more than one competitive researchfunds for substantially the same research project, and where these research projects are
redundantly adopted .
○Cases where an application has been made again for substantively the same research project as
another project that has already been adopted, and for which the allotment of competitive
research funds has already been completed.
○Cases where there is duplication in the use of research funds among more than one research
projects.
○Other cases corresponding to those above.
ii) In these guidelines, “Excessive Concentration” is a situation in which the entire research funds

that are allotted to one and the same researcher or research group (hereinafter referred to as“researcher, etc.”) in the fiscal year in question exceeds the limit within which they can be usedeffectively and efficiently, and in which the research funds cannot be used within the research
period. Either of the following cases falls under “Excessive Concentration.”○Cases where, in the light of the abilities of the researcher, etc. and the research methods,
etc., excessive research funds are allotted.
○Cases where, in comparison with the effort (the time allocation rate (%) of time necessary
for the implementation of the research activities with the entire working time ofresearcher) that is being allotted to the research project in question, excessive researchfunds are allotted.
○Cases where the purchase of unnecessarily expensive equipment is carried out.
○Other cases corresponding to the cases mentioned above.

(2) Dealing with “Improper Grant Spending”, “Fraudulent Grant Acquisition” or“Research Misconduct”“Improper Grant Spending”, “Fraudulent Grant Acquisition” and “Research Misconduct” referto the following type of acts respectively.
・“Improper Grant Spending”:
Use of competitive research funds for other purposes, intentionally or by grossnegligence, for example, by conducting fictitious business transactions (“azukekin”) witha trader through fictitious order placements, or by charging costs higher than actuallyneeded for personnel, travel expenses, etc., or use of competitive research funds inviolation of the content of the funding decision or the conditions it implies
・“Fraudulent Grant Acquisition”:
Receiving competitive research funds by deception or other fraudulent means, forexample, by applying under the name of another researcher, or by making false entries inapplication documents
・“Research Misconduct”:- 19 -

Fabrication, Falsification, or Plagiarism of data, information, or findings publishedresearch achievements based on the intent of the researcher, or the failing of theresearcher to fulfill the basic duty of care that he/she has.
(i) No KAKENHI will be offered, for a fixed period of time, when a researcher or related

party has committed an improper grant spending of KAKENHI, has committed afraudulent grant acquisition of KAKENHI, or has committed a research misconduct.
Moreover, for research projects for which it is established that an improper grant spending of
grants, a fraudulent grant acquisition of grants or research misconduct has been committed, theresearcher in question may be required to return the given KAKENHI completely or partially.
Moreover, an outline of the improper grant spending of KAKENHI, the fraudulent grantacquisition of KAKENHI, and/or the research misconduct in question of the researcher
who falls in those categories (containing an outline of the outcome of the investigation in
the research institution, the names of the people involved, the name of the system, theinstitution they belong to, the research project, the budget, the fiscal year of the research,
the fraudulent content, details of the measures taken, etc.) will be made public.
Also researchers who have committed improper grant spending or fraudulent grantacquisition of competitive research funds other than the KAKENHI (including funds
under the jurisdiction of other Offices and Ministries), etc., and/or has committed
research misconduct by means of these competitive research funds, and therefore areexcluded from receiving these funds in question, for a certain period of time, will notreceive the KAKENHI for the fixed period of time.
Note: This applies to those schemes newly starting a call for proposals in FY2024 (and onward) for competitive
research funds other than KAKENHI, etc. (including funds under the jurisdiction of other Offices andMinistries)” as well. It also applies to those schemes that ended before FY2023. Refer to the website
below for the schemes to which this specifically applies at present.
URL: https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/compefund/＜Period of KAKENHI suspension＞

Improper Grant Spending and Fraudulent Grant Acquisition of KAKENHI
Researcher categories

Extent of the improper grant spending

I. Researchers who committed
improper grant spendingof KAKENHI andresearchers who conspiredin such acts

1. Misappropriation of KAKENHI for personal gain

- 20 -

Period of KAKENHI
suspension

10 years

Researcher categories

II. Researchers who committed
improper grant spending of
KAKENHI and researchers
who conspired in such acts

Extent of the improper grant spending

2. Other than 1.

III. Researchers who acquired
KAKENHI by deception orother fraudulent means andresearchers who conspiredin such acts
IV. Researchers who were notdirectly involved in the
improper grant spending of
KAKENHI, but failed toexercise due care and used
the funds as a result

Period of KAKENHI
suspension(i) Cases of major seriousness
and maliciousness

5 years(ii) Cases other than (i) and (iii)

2 to 4 years(iii) Cases of minor seriousness
and maliciousness

1 year

-5 years-

The upper limit is 2 years andthe lower limit is 1 year
depending on the degree ofthe breach of duty by the
researchers who have the dutyof care as a good manager.

The following cases are pertinent to the “sharp reprimand” penalty.
1. Among the case II above, the researchers in case that the influence on society and the maliciousness of theirconducts are judged to be insignificant and the amount of money involved is small.
2. Among the case IV above, the researchers in case that the influence on society and the maliciousness of theirconducts are judged to be insignificant.

Research Misconduct
Individual Involvement in the Misconducts

Negative Impacts on Science and on Public at
Large Degree of Maliciousness

Subject of Research Misconduct(a) Particularly malicious individual(s) who, for example, had intention of research misconduct from thevery beginning of the research(b) Author(s)Cases where it is judged that the impact on theof paper(s),progress of the science in the field in question andResponsible author(s) of theetc. related
the social impact are major, or the level ofpaper(s) in question
to themaliciousness involved in the acts is high(corresponding author, leadresearch inCases where it is judged that the impact on theauthor or other authors bearing
which
progress of the science in the field in question andequivalent responsibilities)
research
the social impact are minor, or the level of
misconduct
maliciousness involved in the acts is low(s) have
Author(s) of the paper(s) in
beenquestion other than theidentified(other than responsible author(s) describedabove(a) above)(c) Individual(s) involved who are not theauthors of the research paper(s) for which
research misconduct(s) are identified.
Cases where it is judged that the impact on the
progress of the science in the field in question andResponsible author(s) of paper(s), (corresponding
the social impact are major, or the level ofauthor, lead author or other authors bearing equivalent
maliciousness involved in the acts is highresponsibilities) for which research misconduct(s) are
Cases where it is judged that the impact on theidentified, but not involved in the alleged research
progress of the science in the field in question andmisconduct
the social impact are low, or the degree of severityof the acts is low- 21 -

Period of
KAKENHI
Suspension
10 years
5 to 7 years

3 to 5 years

2 to 3 years

2 to 3 years

2 to 3 years

1 to 2 years

* In cases where specific issues for extenuation such as voluntary withdrawal of the paper inquestion may be taken into account, the suspension period can be shortened as judged fit.
(ii) The relevant information of each research misconduct case may be provided to the offices of
the research funding agencies (including Incorporated Administrative Agencies) under thejurisdiction of the relevant Office. Thereby the penalized researcher may be also subject torestriction in application of and/or participation to research projects in other competitive
research funds other than KAKENHI.
Note: “Applying and/or participation” means proposing new research projects, applying, responding to callfor proposals, newly participating to research as a person involved in collective research, etc. andparticipating as a Principal Investigator or a person involved in collective research, etc. in research
projects in progress (continued research projects).

(iii) Research institutions are required to comply with the “Guidelines on the Management andAudit of Public Research Funds at Research Institutions (Implementation Standards) (revisedin February 1, 2021), Ordered by the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science andTechnology” and the “Guidelines for Responding to Research Misconduct (adopted August
26, 2014 by MEXT)”. Therefore, research institutions should pay adequate attention to these
two sets of Guidelines when researchers implement their research activities.
In case where the status of the system improvement in line with these guidelines is recognized
inadequate based on the survey results, the measures such as the reduction in indirect cost of
all kinds of grants disbursed by MEXT or the Independent Administrative Agencies under thecontrol of MEXT to the research institution(s) in question can be taken.
〇 “Guidelines on the Management and Audit of Public Research Funds at Research Institutions”(Revised February 1, 2021; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology)
URL: https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/kansa/houkoku/1343904_21.htm〇 “Guidelines for Responding to Research Misconduct” (Established August 26, 2014; Ministryof Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology)
URL: https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/jinzai/fusei/index.htm
Reference: Examples of improper grant spending, fraudulent grant acquisition and research misconduct of
KAKENHI.
○ Improper grant spending・Someone instructed a trader to forge fictitious transaction pretending to have purchased expendables, madethe university pay a KAKENHI for them, and then instructed the trader to keep the money as deposit for
future use.
・Someone instructed a trader to forge a fictitious transaction, obtaining a false invoice which carries item
names different from those actually ordered and delivered, and then made the university pay a KAKENHI
for them.
・Someone instructed his/her students to submit false work attendance sheets, made the university pay a- 22 -

KAKENHI for them, and then kept the money as a pooled fund of his/her lab.
・Someone visited destination not listed on the oversea travel itinerary, in order to have a meeting on
cooperative research unrelated to the purpose of the KAKENHI research project.
(Note) The expenditure of the KAKENHI for fictitious and other transactions, like the ones mentioned in thecase examples above, are all considered “misappropriation or misuse”, even if the expenditure wasintended for the purpose of conducting the KAKENHI research project.
○ Fraudulent grant acquisition
・A researcher ineligible for the KAKENHI funding made application and acquired a KAKENHI grant.
○ Research misconduct
・Someone manipulated or forged experimental data or figures in a research paper published as anachievement of the research supported by the KAKENHI.
・Someone published books of his/her achievement with KAKENHI which contained an article translated froman original English research paper with no prior consent from the author(s) nor proper quotation
statement.

6. Dissemination, Etc. of Research Achievements Supported by KAKENHI
KAKENHI research achievements are made available to other researchers and to the general public,
through posting of the “Research Outline” and the “Report on the Research Achievements” on the
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Database (KAKEN) operated by the National Institute ofInformatics.
Moreover, the expenses for outreach-related activities including dissemination of international
research achievements by publishing research papers, etc., can be covered by direct expenses. The
KAKENHI grantees are urged to actively pursue public promotion of their international researchachievements through the aid of KAKENHI so as to make them widely known to the public at large.
Upon disseminating the research achievements, please take note of the following issues as well.

(1) The acknowledgement for KAKENHI grant in research publications
When publishing research achievements of a KAKENHI project, researchers should be sure to
express that the project has been supported by the KAKENHI grant, by stating in the“Acknowledgment” or other designated section of the paper the “JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number
JP8 digits” in the case of English publication or “JSPS 科研費

JP8 桁の課題番号” in the caseof Japanese publication.
〈Example〉【English】This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP12K34567.
【Japan】本研究は JSPS 科研費 JP12K34567 の助成を受けたものです。

(2) The implementation of the fair and conscientious research activities
The research using the KAKENHI should be carried out based on researcher’s own
self-awareness and responsibility. Therefore the publication on the implementation of the researchor research achievements, etc. should not come from the government request and the views andresponsibilities on the research achievements should be attributed to the researchers themselves.
On the occasion such as researchers release the research achievements using the KAKENHI
broadly to the public, the examples of the indication noting that the research achievements are- 23 -

based on the personal views are given below.
〈Example〉【English】Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in thismaterial are those of the author(s)’ and do not necessarily reflect the views of theauthor(s)’ organization, JSPS nor MEXT.
【Japan】本研究の成果は著者自らの見解等に基づくものであり、所属研究機関、資金配分機関及び国の見解等を反映するものではありません。

(3) Promotion of “Open Access” to the research papers supported by KAKENHI grants
We have seen the acceleration of open science efforts to advance the sharing and publication ofresearch results, including open access to research papers and open research data, and help to
speed up research activities and create new knowledge.
In line with the government’s policy, JSPS has established its implementation policy on the
promotion of open access of publications, which requires research papers funded by KAKENHI
and other research grants to be openly accessible. Hence, JSPS seeks cooperation for thepromotion of open access of papers.
〇Implementation policy on open access of papers, which are supported by research funds by
KAKENHI grants of JSPS (March 9, 2017, Decision of JSPS President)
URL: https://www.jsps.go.jp/data/Open_access.pdf

What is “Open Access”“Open Access” refers to the idea that research papers published in peer-reviewed journals,
etc. should be made freely accessible by anyone online.
Ways to Open Access
There are three main ways of open access implementation ((i) to (iii) below).
i) A way in which the article published in the conventional subscription fee type academic
journal after a certain period (Embargo)(*1) (for example 6 months later) is made open
access by opening the final manuscript to an Institutional Repository(*2) established by the
research institution to which the author belongs, or by opening the final manuscript to thewebsite, etc. established by the researchers (self-archiving)(*3).
ii) A way to make the article open access by posting the article on the web established by the
research community or public institution.
iii) A way to make the article open access immediately by paying the publication fee (APC:
Article Processing Charge) by the author of the article.
*1: Embargo
The predetermined period from the time of publication of an article in an academic journal
to the time of release so that it can be posted on an online open access archiving system- 24 -

(repository).
*2: Institutional Repository
An online archiving system created by university or research institution for storage anddissemination of the intellectual products. Institutional repositories play important roles in
the reform of academic information distribution by enabling the researchers register theirown articles, such as the transmission of research and education achievements of theresearch institution, PR for both the research institution and the researcher, guaranteeing theaccountability of research and education activities towards society, and the long-term
conservation of intellectual products.
*3: Self-archiving“Self-archiving” refers to online posting of articles published in academic journals,
dissertations, or data by those other than the publisher (the researcher or research institution)
generally on their institutional repositories.

(4)Management of Research Data
On October 23, 2023, JSPS established and published its policy on the handling of research data.
This policy stipulates JSPS’s basic principles regarding the storage, management, and publicationof research data generated during research activities funded by KAKENHI and other research
grants provided by JSPS.
As such, the Principal Investigator of an adopted KAKENHI-funded research project must preparea Data Management Plan (DMP) based on the data policy and other rules of his/her research
institution, including the storage and management of research data generated as results during
research activities as well as the publication or non-publication of such data, and conduct research
activities while storing, managing, and publishing research data in accordance with the plan. In
addition, he/she must add metadata specified by JSPS (*1) to research data that is subject tomanagement in accordance with the DMP, etc.
The plan can be revised in the process of carrying out research activities.
Research institutions are requested to formulate their data policies stipulating such matters as thescope of data managed under and covered by the policies and criteria for publishing and sharing
such research data. At the same time, they are asked to create an environment, develop a support
system, and take other measures, so that researchers can conduct research data management basedon data policies.
(Reference) Addition of metadata
Metadata specified by JSPS refers to common metadata items specified in the Basic Policies on theManagement and Utilization of Research Data Created by Publicly-Funded Research Activities(April 27, 2021, Decision of Council for Integrated Innovation Strategy) and other metadata items
additionally specified by JSPS, based on its discussions on the purpose, scope, etc. of each grant.
You can register metadata on (the public platform of) the NII Research Data Cloud research data

- 25 -

infrastructure system (*2), and search for registered metadata (of research data that has been madepublic) on the CiNii Research search platform of the said system.
You can also register metadata on other interoperable platforms that enable metadata search(including institutional repositories other than JAIRO Cloud (*3), a leading institutional repository,
databases that obtain DOIs via JaLC (*4), and sectoral databases linked to CiNii Research (*5)).
Please consult with a person in charge of metadata registration at the affiliated institution.
(Reference) Supplementary terminology notes(*1) Metadata refers to information on the nature of the very data for publication, including thecreated date and time, creator, format, and title of data, and is utilized mainly for centralized andefficient management of data.
(*2) The research data infrastructure system (NII Research Data Cloud) refers to a system
positioned as the “core platform for the management and utilization of research data in Japan” inthe Basic Policies on the Management and Utilization of Research Data Created by
Publicly-Funded Research Activities. The system consists of GakuNin RDM, a management
platform to manage research data, JAIRO Cloud, a public platform for the publication of researchdata, and a search platform for metadata search.
(*3) JAIRO Cloud is a cloud-based service to provide an institutional repository environment(available for JPCOAR members), jointly operated by the Japan Consortium for Open Access
Repository (JPCOAR) and the National Institute of Informatics (NII). JPCOAR operates its
community site and user helpdesk, among others, while the NII (*6) is in charge of development.
(*4) Japan Link Center (JaLC) is an institution with the authority to add digital object identifiers(DOIs) under international standards to academic contents including research papers in electronic
form. The institution is jointly operated by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), theNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), the NII, and the National Diet Library (NDL).
(*5) CiNii Research is a database service that allows anyone to search for academic information,such as research papers, books and magazines, and doctoral theses. The service is developed andoperated by the NII.
(*6) The NII refers to the National Institute of Informatics, Inter-University Research InstituteCorporation Research Organization of Information and Systems.
JSPS plans to ask researchers to report information on published research data that is generated
during their KAKENHI-funded projects to JSPS in their Reports on the Results or Reports on theState of Implementation as well as to publish them as research results on the Grants-in-Aid for
Scientific Research Database (KAKEN), in accordance with their DMPs.

- 26 -

○The Sixth Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan (Cabinet Decision on March 26,
2021)

URL: https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/kihonkeikaku/6honbun.pdf○Basic Policies on the Management and Utilization of Research Data Created by Publicly-Funded
Research Activities (April 27, 2021, Decision of Council for Science, Technology andInnovation)

URL: https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/tyousakai/kokusaiopen/sanko1.pdf○Basic Policies on the Handling of Research Data of Projects Funded by JSPS Grants
URL: https://www.jsps.go.jp/file/storage/open_science/basic_policy.pdf

7. Code of Conduct for Scientists to Adhere
To ensure the quality of scientific knowledge and to gain trust of society on scientists and scientificcommunities, it is essential to exercise fair and conscientious research activities with the adherence
to the code of conduct for scientists. Applicants must understand and practice the contents of boththe Statement “Code of Conduct for Scientists –Revised Version- ” (section I. “Responsibilities of
Scientists”) by the Science Council of Japan and the booklet “For the Sound Development of
Science -The Attitude of a Conscientious Scientist-” (especially section I “What Is a Responsible
Research Activity?”) issued by JSPS.
And also take note that upon the formal application for grant delivery, it shall be confirmed throughthe electronic application system whether the Principal Investigator will have taken the research
ethics education coursework, etc. (See page 55)- 27 -

[Extraction from the Statement “Code of Conduct for Scientists -Revised Version-” by the
Science Council of Japan dated January 25, 2013]
I Responsibilities of Scientists(Basic Responsibilities of Scientists)
1 Scientists shall recognize that they are responsible for assuring the quality of the specialized knowledge
and skills that they themselves create, and for using their expert knowledge, skills and experience tocontribute to the health and welfare of humankind, the safety and security of society and the sustainabilityof the global environment.
(Attitude of Scientists)
2 Scientists shall always make judgments and act with honesty and integrity, endeavoring to maintain andimprove their own expertise, abilities and skills, and shall make the utmost effort to scientifically andobjectively demonstrate the accuracy and validity of the knowledge they create through scientificresearch.
(Scientists in Society)3 Scientists shall recognize that scientific autonomy is upheld by public trust and the mandate of the people,
understand the relationships between science, technology, society, and the natural environment from awide-ranging perspective, and act in an appropriate manner.
(Research that Answers to Social Wishes)
4 Scientists shall recognize that they are responsible for answering to the wishes of society to investigate
into truths and to achieve various issues. When using research funds that are to be provided forestablishing the research environment and for conducting research scientists shall always recognize thatsuch broad social expectations exist.
(Accountability and Disclosure)
5 Scientists shall strive to disclose and actively explain the roles and significance of their own research,evaluate the possible effects of their research on people, society and the environment as well as thechanges that their research might engender, neutrally and objectively disclose the results of thisevaluation, and build a constructive dialogue with society.
(Dual Use of Scientific Research Outcomes)
6 Scientists shall recognize that there exist possibilities that their research results, contrary to their own
intentions, may be used for destructive actions, and shall select appropriate means and methods asallowed by society in conducting research and publicizing the results.
* URL: http://www.scj.go.jp/ja/scj/kihan/[“For the Sound Development of Science – The Attitude of a Conscientious Scientist –” by the JSPS](Japanese version (text version)) (“For the Sound Development of Science” Editorial Committee on JSPS)* URL: https://www.jsps.go.jp/j-kousei/data/rinri.pdf- 28 -

II. Call for Proposals
1. Research Categories for Which a Call for Proposals is Organized
Grants-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up : KAKENHI (Multi-year Fund)i) Funding target:
A research plan to be conducted by a single researcher who was who has been newly hired by aresearch institution, or who has returned from his/her maternity leave or from the nursing of
his/her preschool child(ren). The research plans should contain excellent concepts that could leadto future research advances if provided grant support for the launch of research activities.
ii) Range of total budget: 3 million yen or less
1.5 million yen or less if the research period is 1 year.
iii) Research period: 1 to 2 yearsvi) Important points:
Applicants must satisfy one of the following two requirements, A) or B), besides meeting theapplication eligibility requirements. (See page 33-39)
A) An individual who obtains eligibility for KAKENHI application on or after September 20, 2023,
and has not submitted an application under the call for proposals for the following research
categories(*1) announced by MEXT and JSPS.
B) An individual who has not submitted an application under the call for proposals for the following
research categories(*1) announced by MEXT and JSPS because he/she was on maternity leaveor was raising a preschooler(*2) in FY2023.
(*1) Pertinent FY2024 Grants-in-Aids: “Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research”,“Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas”, “Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research”,“Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research”, and “Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists”.
(*2) Including the period of childcare leave.
v) Review sections and review methods:
Review sections:“Research Activity Start-up FY2024” Review Section
Review methods: Document Review(See page 84 and 86 for Review Section and page 33 for Review Method)※ Please refer to Attached Table1 “ Grants-in-Aid for Scientific- 29 -

Research-KAKENHI-“Research Activity Start-up FY2024” Review Section
Table” for the Review Section and to II. Call for Proposals 3. Review Panels
and Other Matters (2) Review Methods and Other Matters for the review
method.)※ Table 2 “Research Activity Start-up FY2024 Review Section Table,
Examples of Related Research Content” is provided to assist you in
understanding the content of the screening categories. Please check it whennecessary. However, it does not exclude proposal of contents other than if
applicants’ contents are not included the examples.
※ Starting from the FY2024 call for proposals, the review method willchange from a two-stage document review to a one-stage document review tomake adoption/rejection decisions. Please refer to “II. Call for Proposals 3.
Review Panels and Other Matters (2) Review Methods and Other Matters.”- 30 -

2. Schedule from Application to Grant Delivery(1) Procedures that Need to Be Completed Prior to the Deadline for Submission of theAplication Documents
Principal Investigator should sufficiently cooperate with the research institution, and shouldadequately respond to its requests.
The Date and Time

Procedures to be Performed by the
Principal Investigator(See “Ⅲ Instructions for Prospective
Applicants”)

From March 1 (Fri.), 2024
Start of the Call for Proposals

1) Preparing the Application
the Principal Investigator should
access the Electronic Application
System using the ID and the e-Rad
password which has been provided
by the research institution andpreparing the application.

Procedures to be performed by
Research Institution(See “Ⅳ Instructions for ResearchInstitution Staff”)[Procedures to be completed, if theneed arises](i) The Research Institution obtains an
ID and password for e-Rad fromthe person in charge of theoperation of e-Rad. (This does not
apply if the research institution
already obtained them.)*The issue of the ID and the
Password takes about up to 2
weeks.
(ii) Registration of the Researcher
Information in e-Rad and othermatters.
(iii) Research institutions issue an ID
and password to the Principal
Investigator. (This does not apply if
the researcher already obtained an
ID and a password.)(ⅳ)･Submission of the “Checklist
Pertaining to the Current Status”
based on the “Guidelines for
Responding to Misconduct in
Research”･Submission of the “Self-Assessment
Checklist on the Improvement of
the System” based on the“Guidelines on the Management andAudit of Public Research Funds at
Research Institution”

2) Submission (Sending) of the
Application Documents
The Principal Investigator should
submit (send) the application
documents to the research
institution he/she belongs to, by
the deadline set by the research
institution.

If the checklist has already been
submitted in April 2023 or later
through e-Rad, it is not necessary tosubmit it again.
Deadline for submission:
May 9 (Thu.)(ⅴ) Research institution submits the“Background Description
Regarding the Eligibility for
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity
Start-up” (hereinafter referred toas “Background Description”) to
JSPS at any time (Only in case that
there are applicants who correspondto it).
(Final Deadline for submission:- 31 -

May 1 (Wed.) 4:30 pm (to be strictly
observed)(ⅵ) Submission (Sending) of the
Application Documents

May 9 (Thu.) 4:30 pm
Deadline for the Submission(to be strictly observed)
Notes:

1. After the Principal Investigator submit (sends) to the application to the research institution (mentioned in“Procedures to be Performed by the Principal Investigator” (ii), the research institution should submit (send) to
JSPS the application documents by the deadline for the submission (mentioned in “Procedures to be Performed by
the Research Institution” (ⅵ)).
Next, the Principal Investigator should verify the section “Preparing the Application and Submitting theApplication” (See page 45), etc. as well as verify the procedures designated by the research institution, etc.
(deadline for the submission of the application, etc., in the research institution) with the administrative staff incharge in the research institution.
2. When a researcher is applying for KAKENHI, he/she should register the researcher information beforehand in
e-Rad. The research institution should perform the registration in e-Rad. Therefore, the researcher who is planning
to apply should verify the state of the registration with the administrative staff in charge in the research institution.
3. If the researcher satisfies Condition B), the Background Description must be submitted to JSPS before applying(mentioned in “Procedures to be Performed by the Research Institution” (ⅴ)). The Background Description must be
prepared and submitted by the research institution, so researchers planning to apply should promptly offer to theirintention to the research institution.
4. The research institution should submit a “Self-assessment Checklist on the Improvement of the System”, based on
the “Guidelines on the Management and Audit of Public Research Funds at Research Institutions (Implementation
Standards)” and a “Checklist Pertaining to the Current Status” based on “Guidelines for Responding to Misconduct
in Research” (mentioned in “Procedures to be Performed by the Research Institution” (ⅳ)). If these checklists havenot been submitted, no official grant decision will be made for the researchers belonging to the research institution
in question.
The research institution that did not submit these two checklists in FY2023 should submit them in FY2024 format
after April 1, 2024 onwards.

(2) Schedule After the Submission of the Application Documents (Plan)
The schedule below is as of March 1, 2023. There may be changes in the plan including thetiming of the provisional grant decision. When the changes occur it will be announced on the
JSPS website and through the research institutions.
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
May-July 2024

Review

Late July

Notice of review results / Provisional grant decision

Late July

Disclosure of review results

Middle of AugustFormal application for grant delivery

Late September

Official grant decision

Late September

Grant delivery* The notification of review results of Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up will begiven on the same day as the provisional grant decision.

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3. Review Panels and Other Matters(1) Concerning KAKENHI Review
Omitted(2) Review Methods and Other Matters
The review for the KAKENHI is carried out by the Scientific Research Grant Committee of theJSPS, and it is based on the Research Proposal Document.
The review takes place behind closed doors.
As applicants provide unpublished research results and research ideas, and other information in
their Research Proposal Documents on the premise that the review will be conducted privately,
JSPS asks reviewers to maintain their confidentiality obligations, including the following.
・In order to protect the intellectual property of the applicants and ensure fairness of the peer
review system, reviewers must not disclose the content of the Research Proposal Documents
or any other information, in whatever form, that they learn in the course of the review tooutside parties including their superiors, colleagues, or subordinates.
・Reviewers must not use any information that they learn in the course of the review for theirown benefit.
・Reviewers have the obligation to keep the review materials under strict control.
The details on “assessment rules” such as assessment criteria for each research category (Rules
concerning the review and assessment for the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, called“review and assessment rules” below) can be checked on the JSPS website:
The review of the “Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up” are performed by each Review
Section. The four reviewers will conduct document reviews. The panel reviews will not be
conducted.
(URL：https://www.jsps.go.jp/j-grantsinaid/01_seido/03_shinsa/index.html).
* Starting from the FY2024 call for proposals, the review method will change from a two-stage
document review to a one-stage document review to make adoption/rejection decisions. This
allows those whose research proposals were not adopted under this research category to securesufficient preparation time needed for the application for Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research,etc. upon receiving the notice of review results.
* In the review process, the reviewers can utilize, as necessary, the “researchmap” and theGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Database (KAKEN) (see page 55).

- 33 -

(3) Notification of the Review Results
1) JSPS will issue a notification in writing to the PIs of the adopted research project on theopinions expressed in the review results via the electronic application system.
2) For Principal Investigators who had requested the disclosure of the review results in the eventthat their research proposals were not adopted, JSPS will disclose the approximate ranking
within each the Review Section, the raw scores (average scores), and the “standard-format
opinions.” Disclosure will be made on the electronic application system.

- 34 -

III. Instructions for Prospective Applicants
1. Procedures to Be Completed Prior to the Application
The following three items must be completed prior to the submission of the research proposal:(1) Ascertainment of the Eligibility for KAKENHI Application,(2) Confirmation of the Researcher Information Registered in the e-Rad System,(3) Obtainment of an ID and a Password for the Electronic Application System.

(1) Ascertainment of the Eligibility for KAKENHI Application
An applicant submitting a research proposal to Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI)
as Principal Investigator (PI) must meet the requirements (i) and (ii) stated below.
If qualified applicant(s) belong to more than one research institution, they may apply from eitherof them. However, they may apply for only one application under the “Grant-in-Aid for Research
Activity Start-up.”(i)At the time of the proposal submission, a researcher needs to have been approved by
his/her research institution (*1) as an eligible researcher who meets the Requirements a) ,b) and c) stated below, and have his/her Researcher Information properly registered in thee-Rad system as eligible for KAKENHI application. (*2)
< Requirements >a) The applicant must be an individual belonging to a research institution with a job
assignment including a research activity within the said institution. (Whether the job ispaid/unpaid, or full-time/part-time is irrelevant. It is not a prerequisite of eligibility that the
research activity constitutes the main part of his/her job.)b) The applicant must be actually engaged in a research activity in his/her research
institution. (Those who are only engaged in research assisting jobs are ineligible.)c) The applicant must not be a graduate student nor any other categories of student.
(However, an individual who has a position in a research institution with a research activity
as his/her main job (e.g., a university teaching staff, a researcher belonging to a company,etc.) and holds a student status at the same time is eligible.)*1: Here, the research institution must be such that designated according to the Article 2 of
the “Rules for the Handling of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research” (Notification of
MEXT)*2 JSPS Fellows (DC) are deemed to have met the application requirements by being
nominated as a JSPS Fellow (DC), notwithstanding the items a) through c) in (i) above.
However, please check with your research organization regarding the requirements that it
must meet.

- 35 -

(Reference) Requirements that the research institution must meet:< Requirements >・ The research institution must authorize the research project for which KAKENHI is
granted, as its proper activity.
・ The research institution must take responsibility for management and accounting of the
KAKENHI delivered to its researchers.
(ii)The individual must not be categorized as ineligible for grant acquisition in the fiscal year
covered by a call for proposals, as a penalty for his/her improper grant spending,fraudulent grant acquisition, or research misconduct.

<Important Point 1>
A researcher who is employed with a KAKENHI grant (hereinafter referred to as “KAKENHI
employee”), is generally bound by their employment contract to concentrate on the research work
relevant to the KAKENHI project for which he/she is employed (hereinafter referred to as“employment-related work”) specified in his/her employment contract. Therefore, such a
KAKENHI employee cannot apply for his/her own KAKENHI project which is to be conductedwithin the working hours of his/her employment.
However, provided that he/she can clearly demarcate his/her own research hours from the working
hours of employment and intends to conduct his/her own research project during the working hours
on his/her own initiative, the KAKENHI employee can submit his/her own KAKENHI proposal,on the condition that the following points are verified by his/her research institution. The
KAKENHI employee can apply for KAKENHI as a PI or become a Co-I.
・The KAKENHI employee is granted on his/her employment contract, to conduct research on
his/her own initiative, besides the employment-related work.
・The employment-related work and the work devoted to the research on his/her own initiative
are clearly demarcated in regard to the working hours and the effort.
・The KAKENHI employee is able to secure enough research hours (besides the working
hours for his/her employment-related work) to be allotted to his/her own KAKENHI project.
[Self-motivated research activities by young researchers employed with KAKENHI funding]
A young researcher (*) who is employed with KAKENHI funds (KAKENHI employee) and meetsthe following conditions, may conduct his/her own research during the working hours assigned forthe employment-related work, after going through the necessary procedures set by his/her research
institution. He/She can apply for KAKENHI as a PI or become a Co-I.
(1) A young researcher desires on his/her own will to conduct his/she own research.

- 36 -

(2) The PI and Co-I (the employer of the young researcher) desires that the said research has apositive contribution to the promotion of the funded research project for which he/she isemployed, and the research institution approves the said decision.
(3) The PI and Co-I judges that the efforts to be spared by the young researcher to the said researchwithin the extent that do not cause any hindrance to the execution of the funded research project
for which he/she is employed, and the research institution approves the judgement. (The upper
limit of the efforts to be spared to the self-motivated research is 20 percent of the efforts to be put
into the funded research project for which he/she is employed.)* In this context, “young researcher” is defined as an individual who is age 39 or under or lessthan 8 years after Ph.D. acquisition (including an individual who has acquired a Ph.D. within
the past 8 years excluding periods of maternity and/or childcare leave taken after his/her Ph.D.
acquisition) as of April 1 of each fiscal year (hereinafter referred to as a
“KAKENHI-employee young researcher”), and whose job assignment includes research
activities. When applying for Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKINHI) he/she mustmeet the eligibility requirements for KAKENHI application.
Provided that the KAKENHI employer approves such self-motivated research activities inaccordance with its funding resources (project) rules, if a researcher had originally met theeligibility requirements for KAKENHI’s self-motivated research activities at the time of
his/her application or participation, he/she may apply for KAKENHI and continue to engage in
the adopted research project even if, during the project period, he/she no longer meets therequirements for a KAKENHI-employee young researcher. If there are changes to the funding
resources (project) of the KAKENHI employer, the researcher must abide by the new funding
resources (project) rules and reobtain the approval to conduct self-motivated research activities
as a young researcher at the time the of the changing of funding resources.
(Reference) Views on the self-motivated research activities by the KAKENHI employee- 37 -

Attachment 1 to the “Changes in the FY2020 Call for Proposals for Grants-in-Aid for
Scientific Research (KAKENHI) and Other Matters” (March 19, 2020) (Excerpt)
URL:https://www.jsps.go.jp/j-grantsinaid/06_jsps_info/g_200316/index.html
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (hereinafter referred to as “KAKENHI”) is a funding
scheme that is intended to promote development of scientific research (based on original ideasof researchers), encompassing basic to applied researches in all fields ranging fromhumanities and social sciences to natural sciences. Scientific research is a source ofinnovation i.e., value creation based on new knowledge and has a vital role in nurturing
human resources for leading a knowledge-based society broadly. It is particularly important tofoster young scientists who are responsible for the next generation in order that the scientificresearch may sustainably exercise its role in the society.
It enable young researchers employed with a KAKENHI grant to conduct self-motivatedresearch activities (including research activities with other research funds and activities
helping research/management capacity building; hereinafter the same). Allowing them toconduct research activities in an independent and free research environment contributes not
only to fostering young researchers, but also to the further development of the KAKENHI
projects of their research institutions through research based on their freewheeling thinking
and to the development of scientific research the entire country. Therefore, the concept ofself-motivated research activities by young researchers is introduced in the KAKENHI
scheme in this call for proposals.
For details refer to the following.
“Implementation Guidelines for Self-motivated Research Activities by Young Researchers
Employed with Competitive Research Funds” (Revised on December 18, Agreement of the
Liaison Meeting of Related Offices and Ministries on Competitive Research Funds)
URL:https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shinkou/torikumi/1385716_00001.htm<Important Point 2>
JSPS Research Fellow (PD, RPD, CPD or DC) cannot apply for a Grant-in-Aid for Research
Activity Start-up. JSPS Fellows (DC) can apply for KAKENHI as Principal Investigators (PI)
only for the Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows and Fostering Joint International Research. JSPS
Fellows (DC) can also participate in research projects under every research category as Co-Is, but
only from the host research institutions. As JSPS Fellows (DC) are supposed to seek theacquisition of Ph.D. as doctoral students, their host researchers or PIs of said KAKENHI research
projects and their affiliated institutions should take sufficient care, so that JSPS Fellows (DC) will

- 38 -

not be burdened with excessive responsibilities in performing these research projects. The
Researcher Number is required if JSPS Fellows (DC) apply for other research categories that they
can apply for and receive in parallel with Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows as PIs or Co-Is. Please
note that students (see Note), such as graduate students and other students, as well as International
Research Fellows cannot apply for KAKENHI grants even if they are tasked with the job ofconducting research activities at their affiliated research institutions or other research institutions.
(Note) The term “student” as defined here does not include such an individual who has a position to
conduct research in his/her research institution, as the main job (e.g., university teaching
staff, researcher belonging to company, etc.), and holds a student status at the same time.

<Important Point 3>
The PIs constitute the “members of funded projects,” as stipulated in the Law on the Improvementof the Administration of the Budget for Grants-in-Aid (1955, Law no. 179). In an event that they
have committed improper grant spending, fraudulent grant acquisition, research misconduct, etc.
the eligibility for KAKENHI application will be suspended for a period of time specified by therule.
In the following cases, an individual registered in the e-Rad system as “eligible for KAKENHI
application” may be subject to different treatment.
・In case the research institution to which the individual belongs has made a judgement that it
is not appropriate to let the individual conduct the said research activity as a part of his/herwork within the research institution, the research institution may withhold the submission of
his/her KAKENHI proposal, or may withhold the formal application for grant delivery of aprovisionally adopted KAKENHI grant resulting in declination of the grant in question.
・ In case a KAKENHI recipient has failed to submit the “Report on the Research
Achievements” that is due after the completion of the research period of his/her KAKENHI
without any good reason, no new KAKENHI grant(s) will be delivered to him/her, even if
the grant(s) have been provisionally adopted. Moreover, if a KAKENHI recipient has failed
to submit the “Report on the Research Achievements” by the due date, then the delivery of
KAKENHI grant(s) for that fiscal year will be suspended.
Applicants for a “Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up” are required to possess theabove-stipulated eligibility at the time of application. They must also satisfy one of the following
two requirements, A) or B), to be confirmed by their research institution.
Researchers who intend to apply for KAKENHI should meet following the following application
eligibility.

- 39 -

Requirements:
A) An individual who obtains eligibility for KAKENHI application on or after September 20, 2023,
and has not submitted an application under the call for proposals for the following research
categories(*1) announced by MEXT and JSPS.
B) An individual who has not submitted an application under the call for proposals for thefollowing research categories(*1) announced by MEXT and JSPS because he/she was onmaternity leave or was raising a preschooler(*2) in FY2023.
(*1) Pertinent FY2024 Grants-in-Aids: “Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research”,“Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas”, “Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research”,“Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research”, and “Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists”.
(*2) Including the period of childcare leave.
[Examples of Persons Eligible to Apply for the Grant]
Persons who satisfy one of the Conditions, A) or B), are eligible.
Condition “A)”
1) Persons who were newly hired as researchers by a Japanese research institution or employedby an overseas or private company on or after September 20, 2023
2) Persons who were hired as educational specialist without KAKENHI eligibility, then hired as
researcher on or after September 20, 2023, obtaining the eligibility.
3) Researchers who had eligibility but lost it due to being employed at an overseas research
institution then regained it on or after September 20, 2023.
Condition “B)”
Persons who were not able to apply in April and July 2023 for a Grant-in-Aid (KAKENHI)
because they were taking maternity and/or was raising a preschooler during FY 2023.
* This applies regardless of whether or not you took maternity and/or childcare leave during theApril and July 2023 application recruitment period.
*Attention:
If a researcher who satisfies Condition A) was, for some reason outside his/her control,
erroneously registered in e-Rad as “Eligible to Apply for Grants-in-Aid for Research” on
September 19, 2023 or if a researcher satisfies Condition B), his/her research institution must
prepare the “Background Description” and submit it to JSPS by 4:30 pm May 1, 2024 (to bestrictly observed). If the form does not arrive at JSPS by this date, the researcher will not be able
to prepare his/her research proposal on the electronic application system. Therefore, researchers
should offer to their intention to apply for this grant to their research institution early.

- 40 -

Irrespective of the reason, forms that do not meet the deadline will not be accepted; therefore,
applicants should confirm the application requirements well in advance.
Note 1 If a person does not satisfy one of the eligibility conditions, the mere submission of the“Background Description” will not qualify him/her for Research Activity Start-up
support.
Note 2 When the research institution submits the “Background Description”, Principal
Investigators will be able to access the Electronic Application System. (which differ
according to the date that form arrives at JSPS) For details, see “The Accessible Date to

the Electronic Application System” referring to supplement (referring to supplement).

(2) Confirmation of the Researcher Information Registered in the e-Rad System
A researcher who intends to submit a research document proposal as the PI to any of the
KAKENHI categories for which “Call for Proposals” is announced, must carry the eligibility for
KAKENHI application at the time of submission of the “Research Proposal Document” from
his/her research institution to JSPS, and must be registered in the e-Rad system as such.
Therefore, it is important for the researcher to ascertain proper registration of his/her Researcher
Information in the e-Rad system.
The registration in the e-Rad system is handled by the research institution to which the researcher
belongs. The researcher should check with the administrative section of his/her institution about
the registration procedures including the registration deadline within the institution, the methodof confirmation of the current contents of registration, etc. If any of the entry items (such as“affiliation,” “position,” etc.) of the researcher who has been already registered in the e-Rad
system need updating, they should be duly completed.

(3) Obtainment of an ID and a Password for the Electronic Application System
When the research institution completes the e-Rad registration of a researcher, an ID and apassword will be issued for him/her. The researcher can access the KAKENHI Electronic
Application System using the ID and password and prepare the Research Proposal Document.
The first date that a researcher can access the electronic application system is based on the datethat he/she obtains an e-Rad ID and password. For details, see “The Accessible Date to theElectronic Application System” referring to supplement.
The ID and the password issued to a researcher remain valid after he/she moves to anotherresearch institution. Every researcher should exercise due care in handling his/her ID andpassword so as to prevent their leakage and abuse.

- 41 -

2. Restriction on Parallel Grant Application/Receipt
A researcher who intends to submit research proposal(s) to KAKENHI should be wellacquainted with the “Restrictions on Parallel Grants Application/Receipt” before starting
preparation of research proposal document(s) to check if applications to the intended
categories are permitted.

(1) The Basic Policy for Restriction on Parallel Grant Application/Receipt
KAKENHI consists of different “Research Categories” and “Application Sections” set on thebasis of budget scale, content, and other factors of the intended research, so as to meet various
needs and research styles of the applicants.
On the other hand, in consideration of the necessity to support many excellent researchers withlimited funding resources, and of the possible detrimental influence of overcrowding applications
on the proper management of the review process, the “Rules for Restrictions on Parallel
Submission of Research Proposals” have been set up, according to the following basic principles.
○ Give considerations so as to ensure that as many excellent researchers as possible can besupported with limited funding resources.
○ Give considerations so as to ensure that the number of applications does not become
excessive in comparison with the review scheme of each research category.
○ The restrictions to be enforced are primarily directed to the applicant as Principal
Investigator (PI) who bears all responsibility for the implementation of the research project.
In some cases such as the research categories with large budget scale, however, therestrictions may be also extended to individuals as the Co-Investigator (Co-I).
○ The restriction on parallel submission of research proposals and the restriction on
simultaneous receipt of grants are separately set on each of the KAKENHI research
categories, in accordance of the basic concepts outlined above and by taking into
consideration the purpose, characteristics and other factors of each KAKENHI category
Restrictions on parallel grant application/receipt do apply to the current round of call for
proposals. Accordingly, the applicant should be well acquainted with the description of the rules
given below.
In case a particular research project falls under the concept of “unreasonable duplication” as put
forward in the “Guidelines on the Proper Implementation of Competitive Research Funds” (seepage 16), it may be judged as such in the review process. Therefore, the applicant should takedue precautions in preparing his/her research proposal document.

(2) Restrictions on Parallel Grant Application/Receipt(i) Under the “Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up,” an individual researcher may- 42 -

apply as the Principal Investigator for only one research application.
(ii) Principal Investigators of other KAKENHI projects during FY 2024 (include interrupted
projects due to maternity/childcare leave, research stay abroad, etc.) may not apply for the
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up except in the following cases:a) The PI of the Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Scientists FY2024 may also apply
Grant-in-Aid for the Research Activity Start-up if they become eligible to apply the
Grant-in-Aid of the Research Activity Start-up. However, if selected for both grants, theymust abolish the research project for Encouragement of Scientists immediately upon receiptof the Notice of Provisional Decision for the Research Activity Start-up.
b) Fellows under the JSPS Research Fellowships and JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowships forOverseas Researchers who are PI or Co-I of Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows can apply if they
become eligible to apply the Grant-in-Aid of the Research Activity Start-up. (Example: A
person hired as an assistant professor and loses his/her JSPS fellowship eligibility.) If selected
for a Research Activity Start-up grant, the researcher must abolish the research project for
JSPS Research Fellows immediately upon receipt of the Notice of Provisional Decision for
the Research Activity Start-up.
(iii) PIs selected for a grant under the Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research(Home-Returning Researcher Development Research) in the 2022 and 2023 fiscal years are noteligible to apply for a Research Activity Start-up grant in FY 2024.
(iv) PIs may apply for either the Research Activity Start-up or the Fund for the Promotion of Joint
International Research (International Collaborative Research), but not both.
(v) Restrictions on parallel grant application/receipt will not apply if an applicant, who intends tosubmit a research proposal as PI under this research category, is participating as Co-I in another
new KAKENHI project in FY2024, or is already a Co-I of an ongoing research project that isscheduled to continue into FY2024 (a continued research project). However, to be eligible toapply for this research category, the applicant must have his/her research institution confirm thathe/she meets either of the eligibility criteria under the Application Requirements for
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up. (See III. Instructions for Prospective Applicants >1. Procedures to be Completed Prior to Application > (1) Ascertainment of the Eligibility for
KAKENHI Application)
Take note that, similar to becoming a PI, applicants must be eligible to apply for KAKENHI inorder to participate in a KAKENHI project as Co-I.

- 43 -

(vi) If an applicant applied for FY2024 Grant-in-Aid for Fostering Joint International Research withthe research project under Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows, and is selected for this research
category, his/her application will not be reviewed under the Grant-in-Aid for Fostering Joint
International Research category.

(3) Important Notes(i) In some cases, even after a research proposal has been duly submitted via the Electronic
Application System, it may be eliminated from the subsequent review process on the basis of
the rules of restrictions on parallel grant application/receipt. The applicant should check against
such possibility before submitting the research proposal document.
(ii) The rules of restrictions on parallel submission of research proposals do apply to a case inwhich a researcher carrying eligibility for applications in more than one research institutions
intends to submit different proposals from each of those institutions.
(iii) A researcher must not neglect his/her responsibility as a Principal Investigator due toparticipation in plural research projects.
(iv) The PI of Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up can submit a KAKENHI proposal for theother research categories in subsequent fiscal years. They can newly receive grant(s) of theother research categories without giving up the former research project of Grant-in-Aid for
Research Activity Start-up from the call for proposals for FY2025.
(v) If an individual is granted his/her application in Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up, andif subsequently he/she is adopted as JSPS Fellow, he/she has to choose either the JSPS
fellowship or the KAKENHI project.
A JSPS Research Fellow (PD, RPD, CPD or DC), during the period of his/her term, cannot
submit any research proposals to those research categories for which the rules of restrictions onparallel grant application/receipt applies.
Therefore, even after a submitted proposal has been duly filed in the Electronic Application
System, it may be eliminated from the subsequent review process by the rules of restrictions onparallel grant application/receipt. The applicant should check against such possibility before
submitting the research proposal document.
(vi) Although there is no restriction on duplicate applications between the KAKENHI program and- 44 -

other competitive research funds schemes, applicants should take into account the stipulationsin the “Elimination of Unreasonable Duplication and/or Excessive Overconcentration in the
Grant Allocation” (see pages 21-22) when applying.

(4) Special Provisions for the Restriction on Parallel Grant Application/Receipt(Handling of the Restrictions on Parallel Grant Application/Receipt in Relation to carry-overof KAKENHI (Series of Single-year Grants) to the following fiscal year)(i) When a PI of an on-going project of KAKENHI (Series of Single-year Grants) carries over all orparts of the grant to be used in the following fiscal year, the restriction on parallel grantapplication/receipt does not apply between the project approved for carry-over and the newresearch proposal he/she intends to submit.
(ii) On the other hand, the restriction on parallel grant application/receipt does apply between the
new research proposal and other new research proposal(s) (including the on-going project(s)) tobe submitted by the same PI.
Figure 1: Image of restrictions on parallel grant application/receipt in relation to carry-over of
KAKENHI(Series of Single-year Grants) to the following fiscal year

New research
proposal to besubmitted

New research
proposal to besubmitted

B

C

Restriction
NOT APPLICABLE

On-going
research
projects at timeof proposal
submission

Restrictions
APPLICABLE

On‐going research
project to be carriedoverOn‐going research
project to be continued
into the next FY (*)

A

D- 45 -

Whereas: “A” is an on-going research project to be carried over to the next fiscal year; and “B” is a
new research proposal to be submitted. In this case, the restriction on parallel grantapplication/receipt does not apply between A and B. However, if the researcher intends tosubmit a research proposal for a different research proposal “C” (in addition to B) for thiscall for proposals, the restriction on parallel grant application/receipt does not apply
between A and C, but shall apply between B and C. Furthermore, if the researcher has anon-going research project “D” (in addition to A) which will be continued into the next
fiscal year, restrictions on parallel grant application/receipt shall apply between B and D.
Similarly, if the researcher intends to submit a research proposal for C, restrictions onparallel grant application/receipt shall also apply between C and D.
* Here, the same research project as A to be conducted in the fiscal year following the
fiscal year in which it is to be carried over will fall under D. (For example, if a research
project is an on-going project that will be continued into FY2023, the research project tobe carried over will fall under A in Figure 1 during FY2022, and will fall under D in
FY2023.)(Handling of the Restrictions on Parallel Grant Application/Receipt in Relation to Extension of
the Research Period of KAKENHI (Multi-year Fund))(i) When a PI of an on-going project of KAKENHI (Multi-year Fund) extends the research period in
the final fiscal year (except the case with theinterruption of the research due to maternity/childcare leave, research stay abroad, etc.), therestriction on parallel grant application/receipt does not apply between the on-going project
and a new research proposal he/she intends to submit.
(ii) On the other hand, the restriction on parallel grant application/receipt does apply between the
new research proposal and other new research proposal(s) (including the on-going project(s)) tobe submitted by the same PI.
Figure 2: Image of restrictions on parallel grant application/receipt in relation to extension of theresearch period of KAKENHI (Multi-year Fund)- 46 -

New research
proposal to besubmitted

New research
proposal to besubmitted

F

G

Restrictions
NOT APPLICABLE

On-going
research

Restrictions
APPLICABLE

On‐going research
project to be extended

On‐going research
project to be continued
into the next FYEHprojects at timeof proposal
submission

Whereas: “E” is an on-going research project in the final fiscal year of the research period, and theresearcher intends to extend the research period (not including cases where researcher
suspends the research for maternity/childcare leave, etc.) ; and “F” is a new research
proposal to be submitted. In this case, the restriction on parallel grant application/receipt
does not apply between E and F. However, if the researcher intends to submit a research
proposal for a different research proposal “G” (in addition to F) for this call for proposals,
the restriction on parallel grant application/receipt does not apply between E and G, butshall apply between F and G. Furthermore, if the researcher has an on-going research
project “H” (in addition to E) which will be continued into the next fiscal year, restrictions
on parallel grant application/receipt shall apply between F and H. Similarly, if theresearcher intends to submit a research proposal for G, restrictions on parallel grantapplication/receipt shall also apply between G and H.

3. Preparation of the KAKENHI Application Form (Research Proposal
Document), etc.
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research is a competitive research funds intended to provide financial
support for creative and pioneering research conducted by individual researchers. Therefore, the- 47 -

contents of the Research Proposal Document must be original planned by the applicant.
In preparing Research Proposal Document, plagiarism and/or misappropriation of the researchcontents of others are strictly impermissible. Applicants must comply with research ethics.
In addition, if the research plan involves traveling abroad, etc., applicants should carefully determine
the feasibility of the plan.
Applicants should note that the entire Research Proposal Document, including the title of theresearch project will be reviewed, and will be publicized widely in the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
Research (KAKENHI) Database (KAKEN) if the research proposal is adopted. Therefore, make sure
to select a title that effectively reflects the content of the research project.
For submission of a research proposal, the applicant (PI) has to complete the relevant Research
Proposal Document. The Research Proposal Document consists of two parts: “Items to be entered in
the Website” and “Forms to be uploaded as an attached file”.
The PI (applicant) should complete the Research Proposal Document (PDF file) by entering the“Items to be entered in the Website” and by uploading the “Forms to be uploaded as an attached file”
to the Electronic Application System. Then he/she should submit the Research Proposal Document
to the administrative section of his/her research institution, by the deadline set by the institution.
Preparation and submission of the KAKENHI Research Proposal Document should follow theprocedures detailed below.

(1) Preparation of KAKENHI Research Proposal Document
For the preparation of the KAKENHI research proposal document, the applicant must first
access the Electronic Application System using his/her e-Rad ID and Password.

On the Research Proposal Document
The KAKENHI Research Proposal Document consists of the following two parts:
Items to be entered in the Website:
Items to be directly entered by the PI (applicant) on the website of the KAKENHI Electronic
Application System
Forms to be uploaded:
A part containing such entries as “Research Objectives, Research Method, etc.” to be preparedby downloading the form from the “Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research -KAKENHI-” page
within the JSPS website(URL:https://www.jsps.go.jp/j-grantsinaid/22_startup_support/download.html), and by
uploading the filled form to the KAKENHI Electronic Application System so as to compile a
PDF file of the research proposal document. (Paper-based applications will not be accepted.)- 48 -

Research Proposal Document
Research category
Application Section

Items to be entered in
the Website(First part)Forms to be uploaded(File ID) *Grants-in-Aid for Research
Activity Start-up

To be entered in theelectronic application
system(Research project
Information)

S-22

Items to be entered in
the Website(Second part)To be entered in theelectronic application
system(Fundamental data on
the research projectsuch as total budget,
Data on the project
members, etc.)*Forms can be downloaded from the “Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research - KAKENHI” page within the JSPS
website (URL: https://www.jsps.go.jp/j-grantsinaid/22_startup_support/download.html) even before theobtaining of the e-Rad ID and password.

(Reference)Revision of the Research Proposal Document
As for the Research Proposal Document, in the Reform of the KAKENHI Review System, sinceApril 2018. On and after the FY2019 call for proposals in September 2018, the revision including
the way to describe the achievements in the column of research achievements has been made, andwith the Research Proposal Document some changes such as followings have been applied.
When preparing the Document, your careful confirmation is requested on the contents of thebooklet, the Application Procedures for Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research-KAKENHI(Supplement) “Forms/Procedures for Preparing and Entering a Research Proposal Document”.
・The “Applicant’s Hitherto Research Activities” column and “Research Achievements of the
Principal Investigator (PI)” column in the Research Proposal Document are to berevised as the “Applicant’s Ability to Conduct the Research and the Research
Environment” column in accordance with the rating elements.
(Reference) The summary on the discussion including in the Subdivision on Research Grant
Screening Section of the Academic Deliberation in the Science Division, Council for
Science and Technology(Problem recognition, etc.)○ During the review process, there seems to be a reality which is easily enable to distort what an
application and a review per se should be, including the possibility to enumerate unnecessarily- 49 -

the achievements irrelevant to the research project in the “Research Achievements” column.
○ There seems to be a possibility that the “Research Achievements” column gives a wrong
recognition that without filling in the column spaces with many of research achievements as
possible, it might be disadvantage for applicants at the review.
○ There is still a room for consideration on the “way to make applicants describe” their researchachievements and so on although it is necessary to verify them to assess their ability to conduct
the research corresponding to the shared responsibility of the Principal Investigator and the
Co-Investigators.
○ If there might be a possibility to provide applicants and others with a recognition that as if a
performance over-emphasis principle be prevailing at the review in the KAKENHI, a
rectification of it should be attempted as far as possible and a consideration to contrive to do so
is required.
○ In case making continuous use of the “Research Achievements” column, a consideration
enabling applicants to properly describe information necessary to assess their ability to
conduct the research is required. (An impression as if the “filling in the column is just an
important thing” should be dispelled.)○ Regarding the assessment on the ability to conduct the research by using such as the researchachievements, an attempt to foster a correct recognition for both sides of applicants andreviewers is required.
(Basic policy, etc. for the revision of the Research Proposal Document)○ At the review of the KAKENHI, as for research projects proposed by the Principal Investigator,
in association with considering a scientific significance and creativity, a clarification ofresearch objectives and so on, it is also intended to assess the researchers’ ability to conduct
the research strictly and to select appropriate research projects.
○ The positioning of the research achievements in the Research Proposal Document is for judging
a practical feasibility of the research described in the Research Proposal Document before
rolling out the research.
○ Based on the understandings above, the research achievements should be clearly defined thatthey are regarded as verifying the ability to conduct the research for the research plan.
Furthermore, the summary on the discussion related to this revision such as in the Subdivision on
Research Grant Screening Section of the Academic Deliberation in the Science, Council for
Science and Technology is as follows.
In addition, it has been made clear that, starting from the FY2024 Call for Proposals, theapplicant can include any international efforts related to his/her research plan (such as his/her- 50 -

records of joint international research and research history in overseas institutions) as necessary
in the Applicant’s Ability to Conduct the Research and the Research Environment column of the
Research Proposal Document form, from the perspective of encouraging researchers to conduct
international research activities.

(2) Electronic Submission of the Research Proposal Document(i) An applicant should prepare his/her Research Proposal Document (PDF file) by entering the“Items to be entered in the Website” and by uploading the separately prepared “Forms to be
uploaded as an attached file” to the Electronic Application System, following the instructions in
the “FY2024 Procedures for Preparing and Entering a Research Proposal Document” and“FY2024 Procedures for Preparing and Entering a Research Proposal Document (Items to beentered in the Website)”.
(ii) The Research Proposal Documents are collected and submitted to JSPS by the research
institution to which the PIs (applicant) belong. Therefore, the applying PI should submit
his/her Research Proposal Document to the administrative section of his/her research
institution by the deadline set by the institution. (It is not allowed to submit the Research
Proposal Document directly to JSPS.)
Before submission, the applying PI should carefully check the contents of the Research
Proposal Document (PDF file) he/she prepared, and subsequently proceed to the “Check
Completed and Submission” stage of the submission process. (This amounts to submitting the
Research Proposal Document (PDF file) to the administrative section of his/her research
institution.) After the “Approval” process by his/her institution, the applicant can make nofurther corrections or modifications to the submitted Research Proposal Document (PDF file)approved by his/her institution, the applicant can make no further corrections or modifications
after the deadline for submission to JSPS.
(iii) The personal information contained in the Research Proposal Document and any personal
information registered in Electronic Application System will be used for purposes such as theelimination of unreasonable duplication and/or excessive concentration in the allocation ofcompetitive research funds, the appropriate funding of KAKENHI grants, and to conduct
questionnaires on scientific technology policies including KAKENHI grants (this includes
providing the data to external contractor(s) in charge of electronic processing and managementof the KAKENHI data). Any such information will also be provided to the e-Rad system. (Theinformation registered in the e-Rad system is utilized for proper assessment of research and- 51 -

development by national funding, development of effective and efficient comprehensive
strategy, planning and development of resource allocation policy, etc. Therefore, theinformation will be supplied to the Cabinet Office through the e-Rad system. The applicant may
be requested to cooperate in verification of the information and other related works.)
The information on the adopted KAKENHI projects (the title of research project, the name ofPI, and his/her affiliated research institution, the grant to be delivered, research period, etc.) iscategorized as “information planned to be made public”, as laid down in Article 5, paragraph 1,
item 1 of the “Act on Access to Information Held by Independent Administrative Agencies”(Act No. 140 of 2001). The information will be made public through press release materials, theGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Database (KAKEN) of the National Institute ofInformatics, and other means.
The researchers and their affiliated research institutions are requested to carry out theapplication procedures (including (ii) above) with full understanding of the information
handling (utilization, provision and disclosure) stated above.

(3)Important Checkpoints of the Research Proposal Document
In preparing a Research Proposal Document, the applicant should pay attention to the following
points among others, so as to avoid “outright rejection by incompleteness of the research proposal
document”.
(i) Qualification as a KAKENHI project
The following kinds of research plans fall outside the scope of funding target:A) A research plan which merely aims at purchasing ready-made research equipment.
B) A research plan whose purpose is to build a large-size research facility or equipment which ismore appropriate to be funded by other resources.
C) A research plan whose purpose lies at developing and selling goods and/or services (including
market research associated with such as them).
D) An entrusted research conducted as regular business.
E) A research plan with a yearly research expenditure for any of the fiscal years in its research
period less than 100,000 yen.
(ii) Eligibility of the Project Members
The PI may organize a research team with appropriate combination of Research Collaborators(s),as needed by the nature of the research project.
As is the case for PI is also subject to verification of their KAKENHI eligibility by their respective
research institute by the time of proposal submission. On the other hand, to be a Research
Collaborators(s), registration to the e-Rad system is not a requirement.

- 52 -A) Principal Investigator (PI) (Applicant)i) Principal Investigator is the main recipient of the grant who bears full responsibility for the
implementation of the research project (including compiling the research achievements).
An individual who is anticipated to become unable to carry through the PI’s responsibility
over the entire research period due to, for example, loss of the KAKENHI eligibility caused
by PI’s own accord, should refrain from becoming a PI. (See Note below)(Note)The Principal Investigator is the researcher who plays the central role in the implementation of
the research plan and thus bears a heavy responsibility. An individual who is anticipated tolose his/her eligibility for KAKENHI application during the research period due to his/her own
accord so that is anticipated to be unable to carry through the responsibility, should refrainfrom becoming a Principal Investigator. (Substitutions of the PI of an on-going KAKENHI
project are not permitted.)
As an exception, for the “Planned Research” of “Transformative Research Areas” and“Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a Proposed Research Area)”
replacements of PI may be accepted by going through required procedures.
ii) The PI must be registered in the e-Rad system as “Eligible for KAKENHI Application”. It isalso required that he/she is not designated as “ineligible for grant receipt” in the fiscal year
covered by a call for proposals (suspension of eligibility), as a penalty for such misconducts
as improper grant spending, fraudulent grant acquisition or research misconduct associatedwith KAKENHI or any other competitive research funds.

B)Research Collaboratori) Research Collaborator is an individual who cooperates in the implementation of a research
project other than the PI.
ii) Registration as “Eligible for KAKENHI application” in the e-Rad system is not a requirement
for becoming a Research Collaborator.
For example, following person can also participate in the research project as a Research
Collaborator: a postdoctoral researcher, a graduate student, a research assistant (RA), JSPS
Research Fellows (PD, RPD, CPD or DC) who are not registered as eligible for KAKENHI
application in their host research institution, a researcher belonging to an overseas research
institution, a researcher belonging to a corporation not designated as a research institution
according to Article 2 of the Rules for the Handling of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research,- 53 -

and an individual offering research support such as technician and intellectual property
specialist.
(4) Requirements for the Appropriation of Research Expenditure(i) Expenditures that can be covered by direct expense
Expenditures necessary for the implementation of the research plan (including thosenecessary for compiling the research achievements)* If any of the expenditure categories (equipment costs, travel expenses, or personnel cost/honoraria) exceeds
90% of the total yearly expenditure in any fiscal year of the research period, or if the expenditure in category
Consumables or Miscellaneous constitutes a significant portion of the total expenditure, the necessity of thatspending should be clarified in Research Proposal Document.

[Direct Expense of Competitive Research Funds to Cover the Costs of Assignments Other Than Research]
The cost of “buyout” (i.e., the cost for hiring someone taking over a part of the duties other than research (*) of the
Principal Investigator or Co-Investigator(s)) can be covered by the direct expense so that they can secure ample
amount of time for research projects (the buyout system).
* The kinds of duties that can be covered by the buyout system are those authorized as proper jobs of the researcher
at his/her research institution, excluding (i) research activities, and (ii) administrative work for institutional
management. They include educational and related activities, e.g., educational activities (teaching and preparation
for teaching, supervising students) and social engagement activities (medical practices, outreach activities).
Activities associated with business profit are excluded.

Starting from the FY2021 Call for Proposals, the buyout system is applicable in the research categories listed below.
A KAKENHI applicant who wish to use the buyout system should do so according to the buyout scheme agreed upon
between him/her and his/her research institution.
When an applicant wishes to use the buyout system, enter the cost of the buyout in the “Miscellaneous expense”
column, and enter the word “buyout” in the “Item” column of the Research Proposal Document form. (Please refer tothe supplementary volume of “Application Procedures for Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research-KAKENHI-”(Forms/Procedures for Preparing and Entering a Research Proposal Document).

[Research categories subject to the buyout system]
Specially Promoted Research, Transformative Research Areas (excluding “Platforms for Advanced Technologies andResearch Resources”), Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a Proposed Research Area) (excluding“Platforms for Advanced Technologies and Research Resources”), Scientific Research, Challenging Research(including “Challenging Exploratory Research”), Early-Career Scientists (including “Young Scientists (A/B)”),
Research Activity Start-up, International Leading Research, International Collaborative Researchincluding Fostering
Joint International Research (B) before name change), Home-Returning Researcher Development Research (limited- 54 -

to those who belongs to the domestic research institutions), Special Purposes.

[Research categories not subject to the buyout system]
Encouragement of Scientists, Publication of Scientific Research Results, JSPS Fellows, Transformative Research
Areas (“Platforms for Advanced Technologies and Research Resources”) , Scientific Research on Innovative Areas(Research in a Proposed Research Area) (“Platforms for Advanced Technologies and Research Resources”),
Fostering Joint International Research (including Fostering Joint International Research (A) before name change). As
for the research category of Fostering Joint International Research (including Fostering Joint International Research(A) before name change) it is possible to budget the cost for hiring replacements.

As for the details of the expenses covered by the buyout system and matters to be done by the research institution
refer to the following.
"Amendment Enabling Direct Expense of Competitive Research Funds to Cover the Costs of Duties Other Than
Research (Introduction of Buyout System)” (October 9, 2020, Agreement of the Liaison Meeting of Related Offices
and Ministries on Competitive Research Funds)
https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shinkou/torikumi/1385716_00003.htm

The objective of the buyout system is to increase the number of hours the PI (or Co-I) can devote to the funded
project on the basis of his/her own needs and request. Accordingly, items such as the actual presence of the PI’s (orCo-I’s) needs and request, and the resulting expansion of research time devoted to the funded project (increased
number of hours for research) may be subject to later inspection in relation to the grant spending. In the event that thebuyout expenditure is found to be used improperly (e.g., the increase in hours devoted to the funded project is notverified), an order to return the delivered grant may be issued. Therefore, the research institution should ensure theappropriate implementation of the buyout system.

(ii) Expenditures that cannot be covered by KAKENHI

A. Costs associated with buildings and other facilities (excluding expenditure for installations
necessary for installation of research equipment purchased by the KAKENHI direct expense).
B. Expenditures for measures to deal with accidents or disasters that occurred during theimplementation of funded project
C. Personnel cost/honoraria for the PI
D. Other expenditures that are apt to be covered by indirect expense** Indirect expense which amounts to 30% of the direct expense, is intended for use by the research institution
in covering expenditures needed by the research institution for the management and other things associatedwith the implementation of the research project.

- 55 -

Indirect expense will be placed for Grants-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up. Applicant does notneed to state the indirect expense in his/her Research Proposal Document.

(5) No mistakes in the format, etc. of the Research Proposal(i) No garbled characters and so on.
The electronic form of the Research Proposal Document (PDF files) submitted through the system
will be used as they appear in the review. It is the PI’s responsibility to check whether thecontents of the Research Proposal Document converted to the PDF file are complete (missing
characters, charts, garbled characters, etc.) before submitting. Research Proposal Documents
using colored figures and text will be used as they appear in the review.
(ii）Verification of the Application Forms
It should be verified whether the application format is in conformity with the prescribed
format.As for the forms to be uploaded, in particular, verify not only the total number of pages
but alsothe number of pages instructed for each column is met. For example neither followingcase 1 inwhich the total number of pages is different nor following case 2 in which the total
number ofpages is same but the number of pages instructed for each column are different areinconformitywith prescribed format.
Unit: page(s)Number of page(s) of each column“Research“Applicant’s Ability to “Issues Relevant to
Objectives, Research Conduct the Research
Human Right
Method, etc.”
and the ResearchProtection and Legal
ColumnEnvironment” Column Compliance” Column
Correct
Numberof Pages
Incorrect
NumberCase 1
Incorrect
NumberCase 2

Total
Number of
Pages

3

2

1

6

2

2

1

5

2

3

1

6

- 56 -

The format and other matters of the application forms for this research category are as follows.
Research Proposal Document
Research category
Application Section

Grants-in-Aid for
Research Activity
Start-up

Items to be entered in
the Website(First part)Forms to be uploaded(File ID) *Items to be entered in
the Website(Second part)S-22

To be entered in theelectronic application
system(Research expenses,
status of application andacquisition of research
grants, etc.)

To be entered in theelectronic application
system(Research project
Information)- 57 -

4. Completion of Research Ethics Education Coursework, etc.
Principal Investigator (PI) taking part in a research funded by KAKENHI, are requested to havecompleted properly the following procedures including research ethics, by the time they submit theformal application for grant delivery of a newly adopted research project in the FY2023
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, and upon the formal application for a grant delivery, it shallbe confirmed through the electronic application system whether they will have taken the research
ethics education coursework, etc.
If a PI completed the research ethics related procedures in the past, or has moved from the research
institute at which he/she completed the procedure, he/she should check with the administrative
section of his/her current institution for the validity of the procedure he/she conducted in the past.
[Actions to be taken by the Principal Investigator]
・The PI must either read through and learn the teaching materials by oneself concerning the
research ethics education coursework such as “For the Sound Development of Science - The
Attitude of a Conscientious Scientist” published by the JSPS Editorial Committee of “For theSound Development of Science, the “e-Learning Course on Research Ethics [eL CoRE] or“APRIN e-learning program (eAPRIN)”, etc., or attend a lecture on research ethics conducted byresearch institutes based on the “Guidelines for Responding to Misconduct in Research”(adopted by the MEXT on August 26, 2014), by the time of the formal application for grantdelivery.
・The PI must understand thoroughly and exercise the proper research practices in conducting
his/her research, from amongst the contents of both the Statement “Code of Conduct for
Scientists -Revised Version-” by the Science Council of Japan and the booklet “For the Sound
Development of Science -The Attitude of a Conscientious Scientist-” issued by JSPS, by thetime of the formal application for grant delivery.

5. Registration of the Researcher Information in “researchmap”
The “researchmap (URL: https://researchmap.jp/)” is the Japan’s largest researcher information
database as a general guide to Japanese researchers. The information on the research achievements
registered in the researchmap is ready to be openly available over the Internet and the database itself
is linked to the e-Rad, many university faculty databases and so on. The Japanese Government as awhole is going to further utilize the researchmap.
Furthermore, since the posted information in the researchmap and/or the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
Research Database (KAKEN) is to be handled as a reference according to the necessity in the reviewof the KAKENHI applications, the registration of the researcher information into the researchmap is
encouraged. In addition, when doing so, make sure to register the “Researcher Number” because the- 58 -

posted information is to be searched with the “Researcher Number” when referring to the posted
information in the researchmap at the review.

< Inquiries >Service Support Center (in charge of the “researchmap”)
Department for Information Infrastructure
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Web inquiry form: https://researchmap.jp/public/inquiry/

6. Cooperation to Review
The Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research-KAKENHI- adopts a peer-review process in which theresearchers selected from their own community engaged themselves in the assessment and reviewingof each research proposals on the basis of its scientific merit. The KAKENHI review is conductedthanks to the cooperation of more than 8,000 researchers as reviewers. The peer review forms thebasis of the autonomy of academic community and plays an important role in ensuring quality ofscientific research and its improvement. The review of applications is carried out with theconstructive and mutually critical spirit of scientists and based on the purely academic value. It is no
exaggeration to say that the KAKENHI review system is indispensable in supporting Japan’sscientific research into the future among other research funds.
The Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) program is supported by researchers who
have responsibilities not only to conduct the funded research projects as applicants and grantrecipients but also as a reviewers. It is important for researchers to find out excellent research
proposals as reviewers in order to support the scientific research as is the case of putting out
excellent research results with KAKENHI funds. It is expected that the above-stated understandingis share in the academic community. Furthermore, participating to the review process has an aspectof fostering researchers through enhancing their capability to conduct the objective and academic
assessments based on the various views of fellow reviewers leading up to broaden their horizons.
In order to support the peer-review system of KAKENHI by the whole body of researchers byappropriately sharing the burden of proposal review without putting an extra load on someresearchers. The researchers’ positive participation in the review process is well appreciated when
they are requested to become the KAKENHI reviewer by JSPS or MEXT in the future. JSPS has
registered the Principal Investigators’ information including their names and affiliated research
institutions in the Database of Review Committee Candidate (153,000 entries as of FY2023) and has
utilized it so as to select the fair reviewers. In order to keep the information in this Database updated
at all times, JSPS makes a request every year to update the registered information through your- 59 -

affiliated research institutions. Kindly cooperate in updating the information in accordance with the
Spending Rules for researchers (supplementary conditions or funding conditions).

- 60 -

Ⅳ. Instructions for Administrative Staff of Research Institution
1. Sharing the Purpose and Aim of the KAKENHI System
The KAKENHI provides a financial support for the creative and pioneering researches based on theoriginal ideas of researchers.
Review of the submitted research proposals is conducted by the peer review process, in which
researchers selected from their own community engage themselves in the assessment and reviewingof each research proposals on the basis of its scientific merit. The KAKENHI review process isbased on the cooperation of more than 8,000 reviewers.
While the KAKENHI review process has been continually improved by, for instance, theintroduction of new review methods from the FY2018 grant, the growing needs of KAKENHI haveresulted in the number of new applications exceeding 90,000 in recent years. The workload on the
researchers who are cooperating as reviewers is getting heavier along with the increase in thenumber of applications. Pressing concern is that if the burden on the reviewers keeps increasing to
be excessive, it may seriously affect the reviewers’ own research and educational activities, and may
also result in deterioration of the quality of the review process. One of the possible factors for the
recent increase in the application number may be attributed to the fact that some research institutions
seem to set the KAKENHI application as one of their organizational activity indicators. Application
for the KAKENHI grant per se should be made on the basis of the initiative of the researchers.
Therefore, such action on the part of research institutions as to set quota to the constituent
researchers is undesirable.
All research institutions are requested to share and disseminate within themselves the primary
purpose and aim of the KAKENHI system afresh.

2. Issues to Be Completed Beforehand by the “Research Institution”(1) Requirements as a “Research Institution” and Procedures for Designation and Change
In order to apply for the KAKENHI, a researcher needs to belong to a “Research Institution”.
Concerning the “Research Institution” cited here, the following four types of “ResearchInstitution” have been designated as eligible in Article 2 of the Rules for the Handling ofGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research announced by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT).
1) Universities and inter-university research institutions
2) MEXT facilities and other institutions engaged in scientific research3) Technical colleges
4) Institutions designated by the MEXT (see note as below)- 61 -

(Note)In order to become a Research Institution, institutions not falling under 1) to 3) first need toreceive the designation by MEXT. Therefore, the institutions should consult with the Scientific
Research Aid Division of the Research Promotion Bureau of the MEXT.if changes in one of
the following items have been scheduled, institutions that have received the designation by
MEXT and already have been recognized as a research institution should promptly report thecontent of these changes to the Scientific Research Promotion Division, Research Promotion
Bureau, MEXT.
(i) Abolition or dissolution of the research institution(ii) Name and address of the research institution, and name of the representative(iii) Matters concerning laws, regulations, endowment acts, and other rules that prescribe thepurpose of establishment, the business content, and the internal organization of theresearch institution
Moreover, researchers who belong to such institutions should consider that, in order to conduct
research activities using the KAKENHI, the institutions should meet the requirements
mentioned below.
< Requirements >(i)

The research institution must authorize the research project for which the
KAKENHI is granted, as its proper activity.
(ii) The research institution must take responsibility for management and accountingof the KAKENHI delivered to its researcher(s) .

(2) Ascertainment of the Eligibility to Apply of the Affiliated Researcher
The KAKENHI eligibility (stated below) of PI and Co-I(s) should be verified by theirrespective research

institute by the time of proposal submission, and should be registeredin e-Rad as a researcher who is qualified to apply for KAKENHI in the researcher’s data.
A research institution must ensure that the applicant meets, in addition to meeting theeligibility to apply for Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up at the time of submitting
their application, either of the eligibility criteria under the Application Requirements for
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up. (See III. Instructions for Prospective Applicants> 1. Procedures to be Completed Prior to Application > (1) Ascertainment of the Eligibility
for KAKENHI Application)(3) Submission of the “Background Description Regarding the Eligibility for Grant-in-Aid
for Research Activity Start-up”
If a research institution has researchers who satisfy Condition B), before submitting(transmitting) their Grant-in-Aid proposals to JSPS, must first prepare “Background Description”
and submit it to JSPS by May 1, 2024. The deadline for receipt of the form is 4:30 p.m.

- 62 -

In addition, if a research institution has researchers who satisfy Condition A) but were
erroneously registered in e-Rad as “Eligible to Apply for Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research”
for reasons beyond their control (example: research institution failed to update their informationin e-Rad) on September 19 2023, the research institution must prepare “Background Description”
and submit it to JSPS before submitting (sending) the Grant-in-Aid proposals to JSPS.
Research institutions do not need to compile all the applying researchers on one form, and may
submit the forms at any time before the deadline. However, the form will not be accepted after
the deadline, so research institutions should ensure that their researchers know the deadline andthe application requirements well in advance
Note 1 If a person does not satisfy one of the eligibility conditions, the mere submission of“Background Description” will not qualify him/her for Research Activity Start-up support.
Note 2 When the research institution submits “Background Description”, Principal Investigators will
be able to access the Electronic Application System. (which differ according to the date thatform arrives at JSPS) For details, see “The Accessible Date to the Electronic Application

System” referring to supplement.
Note 3 For details on the procedure, etc. of the “Electronic Application System”, please refer to the“Operation Manual” as shown below.
https://www-shinsei.jsps.go.jp/kaken/topkakenhi/syozoku_ka.html(4) Obtainment of an ID and a Password for the Researcher Belonging to the ResearchInstitution
In order to apply for KAKENHI, researchers should perform the procedures, by accessing the“Electronic Application System”, he/she should retain the ID and a Password for e-Rad.
For this reason, the research institution should verify whether researchers who intend to apply
have an ID and a Password, or not.
In the case where there is a researcher who intends to apply and who has neither ID nor
Password, the research institution should provide him/her with an ID and a password inaccordance with the following procedure.
i) In order to provide the researcher with an ID and a Password, the research institution needs
to have an ID and a Password for use of the research institution. If the research institution has
not yet obtained them, it should first of all download a registration form from the e-Rad
Portal site, conduct a registration application in writing.
It takes approximately two weeks for the “ID and Password for use of the research- 63 -

institution” to arrive after registration application the “Application for Use of the Electronic
Application System”.
Notes:*1: Please refer to “How to Apply for the Registration on Research Institutions.”(https://www.e-rad.go.jp/organ/entry.html) on the e-Rad website for information on
downloading an application form for the ID and password for e-Rad.
*2: Research institutions that already obtained an ID and a password for e-Rad issued do not need
to obtain it again.
*3: It is not necessary to obtain an ID and a password for e-Rad for each research category of the
KAKENHI.

ii) After obtaining an ID and a Password for use of the research institution, the administrative
staff in the research institution should provide an ID and a password to the researcher who isplanning to apply as a Principal Investigator. The ID and password for each researcher isissued through registration of the researcher information in e-Rad. Please refer to the“Manual for Research Institutions” (for Research Institution Office Representatives and for
Research Institution Office Workers: the section of “Procedures for Researchers”) for
information on the concrete way how to provide them.
Notes:*1: When providing the login ID and password, research institutions must make it known toresearchers that they must strictly protect the login ID and password in order to prevent themfrom being disclosed to others.
*2: Once the ID and the password for the researcher have been provided they can be used, even if
the research institution changes.
*3: Please be sure to obtain and use the latest version of the Operation Manual.

iii) Please register (update) the researchers who are applying as a Principal Investigator or a
Co-Investigator as “eligible to apply for KAKENHI” in e-Rad. If there are any corrections to
be made to the registration details (“Affiliation”, “Position”, etc.) of those who have alreadybeen registered, please update them with the correct information
The first date that a researcher can access the electronic application system is based on the datethat he/she obtains an e-Rad ID and password. For details, see “The Accessible Date to theElectronic Application System” referring to supplement.
However, since Research Proposal Document will not be accepted after the deadline forsubmission of Research Proposal Document, applicants should complete the registration (update)of the researcher information early, in order to have sufficient time to submit them.
In order not to negatively affect the compilation of the applications within the research
institution, when completing the applications, the research institution should perform the various
procedures 76 (including the procedures within the research institution), positioning this specificprocedure as one of the important procedures to be performed by the research institution.

- 64 -

(5) Submission of the “Self-Assessment Checklist on the Improvement of the System”
Based on the “Guidelines on the Management and Audit of Public Research Funds at
Research Institutions (Implementation Standards)”
When implementing the adopted research projects with KAKENHI grant the research institutions
must comply with the content of the “Guidelines on the Management and Audit of Public
Research Funds at Research Institutions (Implementation Standards)” (Adopted by the Ministerof MEXT. Revised on February 1, 2021.) (hereinafter referred to as “Guidelines on Public
Research Funds”), they must set up a system of the management and audit for implementing the
public research funds and report the state of implementation and other matters by submitting a“Self-Assessment Checklist on the Improvement of the System based on the Guidelines on theManagement and Audit of Public Research Funds at Research Institutions (Implementation
Standards)” .
Therefore, “those research institutions which Principal Investigators applying for KAKENHI in
FY2023 belong to” and “those research institutions which Principal Investigators continuingresearch projects using KAKENHI are scheduled to belong to in FY2023” must submit inaccordance with the procedure and forms posted on the MEXT the “Self-Assessment
Checklist on the Improvement of the System” to the Office of Competitive Research
Funding Administration, Research Environment Division, Science and Technology Policy
Bureau of the MEXT by May 9, 2024 (Thursday) via e-Rad. For details, refer to the website(URL:

https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/kansa/houkoku/1324571.htm)

If

the

“Self-Assessment Checklist on the Improvement of the System” has already been submitted in
April 2023 or later, it is not necessary to submit it again.
Regarding research institutions that did not submit a “Self-Assessment Checklist on the
Improvement of the System” during FY2023, if they submit one on or after April 1, 2024, theyshould submit a “Checklist pertaining to the Current Status” for FY2024.
Researchers affiliated to a research institution which has not turned in the said checklist
cannot receive the official grant decision.
Note: When using e-Rad, ID and Password for the research institution are necessary< Inquiries >(Concerning forms and submission of Self-Assessment Checklist on the Improvement of the
System)Competitive Research Funding Administration, Research Environment Division, Science andTechnology Policy Bureau, MEXT

- 65 -

Telephone: 03-5253-4111 (ext. 3866, 3827)
E-mail: kenkyuhi@mext.go.jp
URL: http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/kansa/houkoku/1324571.htm(Concerning e-Rad）
Helpdesk of the Cross-ministerial Research and Development Management System (e-Rad) of
MEXT
Telephone: 0570-057-060 (Navi Dial)* Available from 9:00 to 18:00 except on Saturdays, Sundays, National Holidays and the New
Year Holidays (from December 29 until January 3)
URL: https://www.e-rad.go.jp/shozoku/system/index.html* Time period when e-Rad is available
0:00 - 24:00 (in operation 24 hours a day, 365 days a year)
However even during the above-mentioned time period, it may happen that the operation of e-Rad is
disrupted or suspended, when maintenance and inspection is being carried out. If the operation is scheduled tobe disrupted or suspended, this will be announced beforehand on the portal site.

(6) Submission of the “Checklist Pertaining to the Current Status” Based on the“Guidelines for Responding to Research Misconduct”
When implementing the research projects with KAKENHI grant the research institutions mustcomply with the content of the “Guidelines for Responding to Research Misconduct” (Adopted
by the Minister of MEXT on 26 August 2014) (hereinafter referred to as “Guidelines on Research
Misconduct”) and submit a “Checklist Pertaining to the Current Status based on the Guidelines
for Responding to Research Misconduct” (hereinafter referred to as “Checklist on the Research
Misconduct”).
Therefore “those research institutions which the Principal Investigators applying for KAKENHI
in FY2024 belong to” and “those research institutions which Principal Investigators continuingresearch projects using KAKENHI are scheduled to belong to in FY2024” must submit inaccordance with the procedure and forms posted on MEXT the “Checklist on the Research
Misconduct” to the Office for Research Integrity Promotion, Research Environment
Division, Science and Technology Policy Bureau of the MEXT by May 9, 2024 (Thursday)
via e-Rad. For details, refer to the website (URL:
https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/jinzai/fusei/1420301_00001.htm) If the “Checklist on the
Research Misconduct” has already been submitted in April 2023 or later it is not necessary tosubmit it again.
Regarding research institutions that did not submit a “Checklist Pertaining to the Current Statusbased on the Guidelines for Responding to Research Misconduct” during FY2023, if they submit- 66 -

one on or after April 1, 2024, they should submit a “Checklist pertaining to the Current Status”
for FY2024.
Researchers affiliated to a research institution which has not turned in the said checklist
cannot receive the official grant decision.
* Please note that while the “Checklist on the Research Misconduct” is the same in using e-Radfor submission with the “Self-Assessment Checklist on the Improvement of the System”, thesubmission destination is different. Both checklists must be submitted.
Note: When using e-Rad, an ID and a Password for the research institution are necessary.

< Inquiries >(Concerning the format and submission of Checklist on the Research Misconduct)* Differs from the contact information for Self-Assessment Checklist on the Improvement of
the System.
Office for Research Integrity Promotion, Research Environment Division, Science andTechnology Policy Bureau, MEXT
Telephone: 03-6734-3874
E-mail: jinken@mext.go.jp
URL：http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/jinzai/fusei/index.htm(Concerning e-Rad)
Helpdesk of the Cross-ministerial Research and Development Management System (e-Rad) of
MEXT
Telephone: 0570-057-060 (Navi Dial)* Available from 9:00 to 18:00 except on Saturdays, Sundays, National Holidays and the New
Year Holidays (from December 29 until January 3)
URL: https://www.e-rad.go.jp/organ/entry.html* Time period when e-Rad is available 0:00 - 24:00 (in operation 24 hours a day, 365 days a year)
However even during the above-mentioned time period, it may happen that the operation of e-Rad is

disrupted

or suspended, when maintenance and inspection is being carried out. If the operation is scheduled to be
disrupted or suspended, this will be announced beforehand on the portal site.

(7) Implementation of a Research Ethics Education Coursework Based on the “Guidelines
on Research Misconduct”, etc.
Principal Investigators must fulfill the obligations described below prior to submitting the formal
application for grant delivery if you are starting a new research project, and prior to submitting- 67 -

the formal application for grant delivery or request for payment if you are taking part in an
ongoing research project that is scheduled to continue into FY2023.
・Either to read through and learn the teaching materials by oneself concerning the research
ethics education coursework such as “For the Sound Development of Science -The Attitudeof a Conscientious Scientist-” (JSPS Editing Committee “For the Sound Development of
Science”), the “e-Learning Course on Research Ethics (eL CoRE)”, the “APRIN e-learning
program (eAPRIN)”, etc., or to attend a lecture on research ethics conducted by research
institutions based on the “Guidelines on Research Misconduct.”
・To understand thoroughly and to exercise the proper research practices in conducting theirresearch, from amongst the contents of both the Statement “Code of Conduct for Scientists-Revised Version-” by the Science Council of Japan and the booklet “For the Sound
Development of Science -The Attitude of a Conscientious Scientist-” issued by JSPS
To that end, each research institution is requested to disseminate broadly what the researchers
should consider, in conducting of their researches as well as carrying out an ethics education in
research training session based on the “Guidelines on Research Misconduct”(8) On the Submission of the Report on the Research Achievements
The research institution to which researchers belong has to collect and submit the report on the
research achievements. If the research institution has failed, without justifiable reason, to submit
the report on the research achievements at the end of the research period, it may happen that it istreated as indicated below. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the representative of the research
institution to ensure that the report on the research achievements is submitted without fail.
・No KAKENHI will be delivered to researchers who do not submit the report on the researchachievements at the end of the research period, without good reason. Moreover, it may happen
that the official grant decision to the researcher is cancelled, that an order to return the grant isissued, or that the information such as the name of the research institute the said researcher
belongs to is disclosed in public.
Furthermore, if researchers have failed to submit the scheduled report on the researchachievements without justified reason, then execution of other KAKENHI implemented in thesame fiscal year will be suspended.

(9) Obtaining Sufficient Knowledge about the Contents of the Application Procedures
The research institution should beforehand disseminate the contents of the Application
Procedures to all the researchers to it. JSPS would especially like to request the dispersion of
information on the items listed in the Application Procedures and the submission deadlines of
Research Proposal Document, in order to avoid potential misunderstandings.

- 68 -

(10) Ensuring Research Integrity Among Research Institutions
In order to promote the creation of science, technology, and innovation in Japan, we must continue tostrengthen overseas joint research with various partners based on the principle of open science. At thesame time, in light of newly emerging risks as a consequence of the globalization and openness of
research activities in the recent years, there is a growing concern that the values of openness andtransparency which constitute the basis of the research environment will be lost and the danger of
researchers unknowingly being trapped in conflict of interest or conflict of responsibilities. In suchclimate, it is vital for our country to build a globally reliable research environment to protect the values
that constitute the basis of research environment while encouraging necessary global collaboration andinternational exchanges.
Therefore, we ask research institutions to undertake initiatives to ensure research integrity and to makeefforts to achieve a common understanding among relevant parties in accordance with the “Policy on
Measures to Ensure Research Integrity Against New Risks as a Consequence of the Globalization andOpenness of Research Activities (April 27, 2021, Decision of Council for Science, Technology andInnovation).”. Research institutions may be requested, as necessary, to provide information on thestatus of measures for securing research integrity.
○ “Policy on Measures to Ensure Research Integrity Against New Risks as a Consequence of the
Globalization and Openness of Research Activities (April 27, 2021, Decision of Council for
Science, Technology and Innovation)”
URL: https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/tougosenryaku/integrity_housin.pdf

3. Issues that Need to Be Verified When Compiling the Application Forms(Preparing the Research Proposal Document)
The contents of the Research Proposal Document should be verified in each research institution, andall the Research Proposal Document should be submitted to JSPS together. When doing so, special
attention should be paid to the following points.

(1) Ascertainment of the Eligibility for KAKENHI Application
It should be verified whether the Principal Investigator listed in the Research Proposal
Document are researchers who meet the requirements that are stipulated in the Application
Procedures (see page 33-39), and also whether the researcher information is registered in
e-Rad as “Eligible to Apply for KAKENHI”.
Moreover, it should be verified certainly that they must not be categorized as ineligible for grantacquisition in FY2022 in KAKENHI and other competitive funds, as a penalty for their improper
grant spending, fraudulent grant acquisition, or research misconduct.

(2) Confirmation of the Researcher Information Registered in the e-Rad System
Regarding the registration (update) of the researcher information necessary when applying, the- 69 -

administrative staff in the research institution to which the researcher belongs should perform theprocedures using e-Rad.
Moreover, even though applicant has already been included in the researcher list of the research
institution, if there is any item such as the department placed, the position, or others that needs tobe corrected, the applicant’s information on the researcher list should be corrected.

(3) Verification with the Principal Investigator
The research institution should verify whether the Principal Investigator who have been listed in
the Research Proposal Document have completed the Research Proposal Document, after
confirming the description in the column “II. Call for Proposals” in this Application Proceduresfor Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research.

(4) Verification of the Application Forms
It should be verified whether the application format is in conformity with the prescribed format.
As for the forms to be uploaded, in particular, verify not only the total number of pages but also
the number of pages instructed for each column is met.

4 ． Submission and Other Matters of the Research Proposal Document(Preparing the Research Proposal Document)(1) The research institution should access the “Electronic Application System”, using the ID and thepassword for e-Rad, obtain the information of the Research Proposal Document (PDF files) that
the Principal Investigator(s) prepared, and verify their contents and other matters.
(2) The research institution should perform the “approval” process on all the Research Proposal
Document (PDF files) that has no mistakes in their contents. Only those Research Proposal
Documents whose application status changed to “Being accepted by JSPS” by the submission
deadline will have been correctly submitted to JSPS.
(3) After the Research Proposal Documents (PDF files) are submitted (sent) to JSPS, applicants canstill draw back their Research Proposal Documents for necessary corrections and resubmission
prior to the submission deadline. However, DO NOT draw back the Research Proposal
Documents on the date of the deadline. The System will be very busy and you may not be able
to resubmit the application in time.
(4) Research Proposal Documents (PDF files) that have been approved and submitted (sent) by the
research institution cannot be corrected or otherwise revised after the submission deadline.
[The deadline for the submission of the Research Proposal Document is]
May 9, 2024 (Thursday), 4:30 pm (This deadline should be strictly observed.)- 70 -

Note 1: Research Proposal Document that is submitted (sent) after this deadline will not be
accepted for any reason. Therefore, the documents should be submitted (sent) wellin advance.
Note 2: After the submission (sending) of the application documents, it is not possible to
make corrections or to re-submit them.

(5) The ID and the password which are used in the e-Rad are designed to verify the individual.
Therefore, the handling and administration of them should be done carefully when carrying out
the application procedures. Moreover, an outline of the procedures for electronic application canbe found below. However, for details on the operating environment, procedure, etc. of the“Electronic Application System”, please refer to the “Operation Manual” at the website below.
URL: https://www-shinsei.jsps.go.jp/kaken/topkakenhi/shinsei_ka.html- 71 -

Outline of the Electronic Application Procedures
⑮

⑤
⑥

⑦
⑧
②
③

⑩
⑨
⑪

④
⑫

⑬

⑭

“Approve” or “Draw Back” of the Research Proposal Document can only be performed by theadministrative staff of the applicant’s (PI’s) affiliated research institution (the applicant’s (PI’s)
department staff cannot)① Applicant(Principal Investigator)② Preparation of Research Proposal Document③ Forms to be uploaded④ Items to be entered in the website⑤ The research institution to which the applicant (Principal Investigator) belongs (Administrative
staff in the research institution + Administrative staff in the department)⑥ Request for issue and acquisition of the applicant’s (Principal Investigators’) ID and password
for e-Rad⑦ Background Description⑧ Downloading of the forms to be uploaded⑨ Sending the Research Proposal Document⑩ Research Proposal Document⑪ Approval⑫ Rejection⑬ Only the administrative staff in the research institution to which the applicant (Principal
Investigator) belongs (The administrative staff in the department of the applicant (Principal
Investigator) cannot make an approval.)- 72 -

⑭ Confirmation of the state of the application as necessary⑮ JSPS- 73 -

V．Other Relevant Issues
1.Support through Platforms for Advanced Technologies and ResearchResources
In order to respond effectively to the diverse needs of researchers of KAKENHI research projects,
the Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A) - Platforms for Advanced Technologies andResearch Resources forms a resource and technical support platform for research (hereinafterreferred to as “Platform”) under the close cooperation of relevant institutes with inter-university
research institutes and Joint Usage/Research Centers, or International Joint Usage / Research Centeras core institutes. Together with providing technical support towards individual research projects andproviding advanced problem solving methods to researchers, it provides an integral promotion ofcooperation between researchers, interdisciplinary integration, and human resources development.
Applications for technical support, etc. are open for each of the Platforms below where it concerns
research projects carried out through KAKENHI. Researchers desiring technical support, etc. fromeach of the Platforms are requested to check their respective websites, etc. and actively apply.
* “Technical Support, etc.” points to the sharing of equipment with researchers from a wide range
ofresearch fields, technical support and the collecting, conservation, and providing ofresources(documents, data, experiment samples, specimen, etc.), and support for conservation
techniques,etc.
“Advanced Technology Support Platform Program” has scientific value and an advanced
naturethrough the combination of multiple facilities and equipment, and provides shared use of
equipmentand technical support to researchers in a wide variety of research areas.
“Research Platform Resource Support Program” collects, conserves, and supplies the resources
thatare the basis of research (documents, data, experiment samples, specimen, etc.) and also
conductssupport for conservation techniques, etc.
Area

Platform NameCore Institution

Support Function

Advanced
Technology
SupportPlatform
Program

Platform of Advanced
Bioimaging Support (*)

National Institute forPhysiological Sciences
National Institute for
Basic Biology

Advanced technical supportand user training for :•Light microscopy•Electron microscopy•Magnetic resonance imaging•Imaging analysis

Platform of Advanced
Animal Model Support(*)

The Institute of Medical
Science The Universityof TokyoSupport for constructing
animal models, Support for
pathological analysis, Support
for physiological analysis,and Support for molecularprofiling- 74 -

Platform for Advanced
Genome Science (*)

National Institute of
Genetics

Advanced genome analysis(de novo genome sequencing;
re-sequencing for genome
variation detection; analysisof transcriptome, epigenome
and metagenome; ultra-highsensitivity analysis for single
cells, single molecules, etc.;
big-data analysis andadvanced bioinformatics; byusing of the latest facilities
and technologies)

Area

Platform NameCore Institution

Support Function

Research
Platform
Resource
Support
Program

Platform of Supporting
Cohort Study andBiospecimen Analysis (*)

The Institute of Medical
Science, The Universityof TokyoSupport for cohort study
using bioresources, Support
for maintaining and utilizing
human brain resources, andSupport using biospecimen

Supply Platform of
Short-lived
Radioisotopes for
Fundamental
ResearchResearch Center
for Nuclear
Physics, Osaka
University

Supply short-lived
radioisotopes
produced by accelerators for
fundamental research invariousscientific fields.

Also, Committee on Promoting Collaboration in Life Sciences that functions as a general
information point and coordinator across the four Platforms marked with an asterisk (*) above is setup. (Core Institution: The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo)
Each Platform’s website can be found in the links on the site below:
URL：https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shinkou/hojyo/mext_01901.html

2. Promotion of the Shared Use of Research Equipment
In “Reform of Competitive Research Funds: Towards a Sustained Output of Research Achievements(Interim Summary)” (June 24, 2015, Competitive Research Fund Reform Review meeting) it was
decided that, when the original research objectives were fully achieved, versatile and large
equipment should, in principle, be shared.
Furthermore, the government also addresses the need to promote the implementation and common
use of research facilities and equipment, to establish a framework for the introduction, renewal, andutilization of organizational research facilities (core facilities), and to formulate and publicize
policies for the internal and external sharing of research facilities and equipment in theComprehensive Package to Strengthen Research Capacity and Support Young Researchers (January- 75 -

23, 2020, Council for Science, Technology, and Innovation) and the Sixth Science, Technology, andInnovation Basic Plan (Cabinet Decision on March 26, 2021) .
With this in mind, when purchasing equipment with competitive research funds, please actively
work on the use of equipment purchased with other research funds, and the purchase and shared useof equipment from several research funds where it concerns especially large and versatile equipment.
Please also make ensure that sharing is possible within the rules of the said competitive researchfunds, and no obstacle is made to the execution of the research project.
○ “Reform of Competitive Research Funds: Towards a Sustained Output of Research
Achievements (Interim Report)”(June 24, 2015 Competitive Research Fund Reform Review meeting)
URL: http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shingi/chousa/shinkou/039/gaiyou/1359306.htm○ “The Sixth Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan (Cabinet Decision on March 26,
2021)
URL: https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/kihonkeikaku/6honbun.pdf○ ”Unified Rules for Administrative Procedures, Etc. Pertaining to Competitive ResearchFunds”(Agreement of the Liaison Meeting of Related Offices and Ministries on Competitive ResearchFunds. March 5, 2021; revised May 24,2023)
URL: https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/compefund/toitsu_rule_r50524.pdf

3. Promotion of the ‘Dialogue on Science and Technology with Citizens’ (ABasic Approach Policy)
In the “Promotion of the ‘Dialogue on Science and Technology with Citizens’ (A Basic Course of
Action)” (Adopted by the Minister of State for Science and Technology Policy and the Executive
Members of the Council for Science and Technology Policy on June 19, 2010) which was compiledin June 2010, the activity in which researchers explain the content and achievements of theirresearch activities to society and citizens in an easy-to-understand form is placed in theabove-mentioned “Dialogue on Science and Technology with Citizens”. Researchers who havereceived an allotment of public research funds amounting more than 30 million yen per year per caseare requested to positively work on the “Dialogue on Science and Technology with Citizens”.
Universities and other research institutions are also requested to make positive efforts in order for
researchers who have received public research funds to ensure the proper implementation of the“Dialogue on Science and Technology with Citizens”, for example, by setting up support systems.
For KAKENHI, there is the question “Are you positively trying to publicize and disseminate theresearch content and research achievements?” especially in interim assessment of Scientific
Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a Proposed Research Area) and Grant-in-Aid for- 76 -

Transformative Research Areas(A). Therefore, based on the above-mentioned basic policy,
researchers should disseminate the achievements of research funded with KAKENHI to society andcitizens in an even more positive way.

4. Cooperation with the National Bioscience Database Center
The National Bioscience Database Center (URL: https://biosciencedbc.jp/) has been established in
the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST, a national research and development agency), in
order to promote the integrated use of databases in the area of life science that have been created byvarious research institutions and other institutions.
This Center spurs the active participation of related institutions, and based on four pillars, namely (1)the planning of strategies, (2) creation and operation of portal websites, (3) research on anddevelopment of core technology for the integration of databases and (4) the promotion of theintegration of biotechnology-related databases, it is promoting projects aiming at the integration of
databases in the area of life science. In this way, through wide sharing and utilization of the researchachievements in the area of life science produced in Japan in the researcher community, the Center
aims at invigorating overall research in the area of life science, including research and development
connected to basic research and industrial applied research.
JSPS would like to request researchers to cooperate by providing to the Center copies of raw data
related to achievements published in research papers and other output in the area of life science, or
copies of created open databases.
Moreover, the copies provided will be able to be utilized on a non-exclusive basis as reproductions,alterations, or in other necessary forms. JSPS would like researchers to understand in advance that,in response to the requests of the institutions that received copies, it would also like request
researchers to cooperate by providing all the information necessary for utilizing the copies.
Furthermore, the National Bioscience Database Center has developed guidelines for data on humans,in order to promote the sharing and use of data related to research in the area of life science, withdue considerations to the protection of personal information.
NBDC human data sharing guidelines
URL: https://humandbs.biosciencedbc.jp/guidelines/

5. Inter-University Bio-Backup Project
The purpose of the Inter-University Bio-Backup Project (IBBP) is to “back up” biological genetic- 77 -

resources, which are indispensable research resources in various research areas, and to avoid damage
or loss of biological genetic resources due to unforeseen accidents, disasters, etc. The project newly
commenced from 2012.
In the National Institute for Basic Biology of the Inter-University Research Institute Corporation
National Institutes of Natural Sciences, which is the core of this project, the Inter-University
Bio-Backup Project for Basic Biology (IBBP Center, URL: http://www.nibb.ac.jp/ibbp/) has been
established as a backup center for biological genetic resources. It is equipped with the newest
equipment necessary for the backup of biological genetic resources.
Any researcher who belongs to a university or a research institution may apply for storage.
Biological genetic resources that can be stored in the IBBP Center are samples that can beproliferated (amplified) or cryopreserved (for vegetable seeds, the refrigeration or deep-freezingpreservation condition needs to be definite), and being not pathogenic is also a condition. Since
backup is provided free of charge, researchers should make use of the IBBP Center.

6. National BioResource Project
The National BioResource Project (NBRP) strategically collects and preserves importantbioresources that are the basic and foundation of life science research at the core bases of this projectand provides them to universities and research institutes, thereby contributing to the development oflife science research in Japan. In the future, in order to contribute to the development of life science
research in Japan, it is necessary to continually collect useful bioresources.
For that matter, please deposit (*) available bioresources among bioresources developed by
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (limited to the bioresource targeted for NBRP). Please
cooperate with the NBRP collecting activities.
It is recommended to utilize the resources already collected in NBRP from the viewpoint such as
efficient implementation of research.
(*) Deposit: This is a procedure to approve the use (preservation/provision) in this project withouttransferring the various rights related to the resource. By specifying specific conditions in
the deposit agreement, you can add usage conditions such as restrictions on usage andquotation of articles to users.

List of NBRP core bases representative agencies
URL: https://nbrp.jp/resource/- 78 -

7. Security Export Control Policy (Coping with Technology Leakage Overseas)
In implementing various research activities including research projects funded with KAKENHI,
research institutions are asked to take systematic measures to ensure that the research achievements
which have potential risks of being diverted to military use are not transferred to WMD developers,
terrorist organizations, or people carrying out other dubious activities.
In Japan, export controls (*) are carried out under the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act(Act No. 228 of 1949) (hereinafter referred to as “Foreign Exchange Act”). Therefore, in principle,
in order to export (provide) cargo and technology regulated by the Foreign Exchange Act, it isnecessary to obtain permission of the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry. It is reminded that
KAKENHI grantees must observe the Foreign Exchange Act as well as other laws, guidelines andcircular notices issued by the government.
(*) Japan's Security Export Control System established on the basis of international agreements
mainly consists of (i) “List rules” which require permission of the Minister of Economy, Tradeand Industry in principle when exporting cargo or providing technology that carryspecifications and/or functions higher than certain levels, such as carbon fiber and numericallycontrolled machine tool etc., and (ii) “Catch-all regulation” which requires permission of the
Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry when exporting cargo or providing technology thatare not subject to regulation under the List rules but do fall under certain regulatory
requirements (application requirements, consumer requirements and/or informed
requirements).
Please note in particular that not only export of cargo but also provision of technology will be
subject to the regulation by the Foreign Exchange Act. When providing a “List rules” technology
to non-residents or providing it in a foreign country, prior permission for provision is required.
“Provision of technology” includes not only providing technical information such as design
drawings, specifications, manuals, samples, and prototypes via storage media such as paper, mail,CD, USB memory, but also providing work knowledge and technical assistance at seminars
through technical instruction, skill training, etc. Researchers should be aware that there may becase in which technologies subject to regulation by the Foreign Exchange Act are involved when
mentoring foreign students and/or joint research activities with oversea groups. Please also bear inmind that the provision of technologies, etc. acquired in KAKENHI-funded projects or theprovision of technologies, etc. already in possession with the use of KAKENHI may also be
subject to restrictions.

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Details of the security trade control are published on the websites including the Ministry of
Economy, Trade and Industry website.
○ Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry: Security Trade Control (General)
URL: http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/anpo/○ Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry: “Handbook on Security Trade Control”
URL: https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/anpo/seminer/shiryo/handbook.pdf○ Center for Information on Security Trade Controls
URL: http://www.cistec.or.jp/index.html○ “Guidance for the Control of Sensitive Technologies for Security Export for Academic andResearch Institutions 3rd Edition”
URL:https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/anpo/law_document/tutatu/t07sonota/t07sonota_jishukanri
03.pdf

8. Strict Implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 2321
In the face of the nuclear test by Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) in September 2016
and repeated launches of ballistic missiles, the United Nations Security Council adopted the United
Nations Security Council Resolution 2321 on November 30, 2016 (ET, New York) deciding toimpose additional and stronger sanctions on DPRK. In this regard, MEXT issued a letter of request
entitled, “Strict Implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 2321 (Request)” (28
受文科際第 98 号) to relevant organizations as of February 17, 2017.
“Scientific and technical cooperation” as set forth in Paragraph 11 in the main text of the
Resolution not only includes technologies regulated by the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act
of Japan, but all cooperative activities except for medical exchanges. Therefore, it is critical that
research institutions exercise strict implementation of the Resolution when conducting various
research activities including said sponsored research.
The UNSC Resolution 2321 can be found at:○ MOFA: United Nations Security Council Resolution 2321, Japanese translation (MOFA Notice
No. 463 (issued on December 9, 2016)
URL:https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/000211409.pdf

9. Improvement of Treatment of Students in Doctoral Course“The 6th Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan (Cabinet Decision on March 26, 2021)”
addresses the need to enhance financial support for doctoral students in particular, in order to attract
outstanding talents from home and abroad, and calls for research institutions to provide greater
employment opportunities for doctoral students as research assistants (RAs) and to improve their- 80 -

treatment. To this end, the Basic Plan, for example, sets a numerical target to triple the number ofdoctoral students to receive subsidy roughly equivalent to their living cost (which is equivalent toabout 30% of students enrolling in doctoral courses to receive such subsidy).
Furthermore, the “Guideline on Recruiting and Fostering Postdoctoral Fellows, Etc. (December 3,
2020, Committee on Human Resources, the Council for Science and Technology)” states that
doctoral students “are students, but at the same time, also researchers in a certain way, and therefore
it is the key responsibility of universities that foster researchers to provide the environment for
research activities and to ensure proper treatment…It is of particular importance to treat them basedon appropriate assessment of their contribution, by establishing compensations that meet the natureand content of their jobs and paying hourly wages according to the actual work hours under theproper labor management…When submitting applications to competitive research funds and othergrants, universities and institutions must record the expenditures necessary to employ RAs as direct
expense, and revise the school rules as necessary to make sure that the RAs are paid propercompensations.”
Based on the above, when employing a doctoral student as RA, etc. for a KAKENHI project, set thehourly wage according to the nature and content of his/her job based on the standard of eachresearch institution and pay the wage according to the actual work hours under the proper labor
management.
Furthermore, when employing a doctoral student as RA, etc., be mindful not to overload him/herwith excessive work hours and make sure that he/she can maintain a good balance between the workand his/her own research and study hours.

10. Securing University Research Administrators (URAs) and other Management
Personnel
The Sixth Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan (Cabinet Decision on March 26, 2021)
identifies the importance of efforts to improve the security of professional quality and treatment sothat the positions of University Research Administrators (URAs) and other management personnel
will become attractive. The Comprehensive Package to Strengthen Research Capacity and Support
Young Researchers (January 23, 2020, Council for Science, Technology, and Innovation) also
addresses the need to establish career paths for management personnel, URAs, engineers, etc.
In light of these initiatives, research institutions are encouraged, to the extent possible, to secure
certain lengths of fixed-term employment (of about five years or longer) for URAs and othermanagement personnel (who are currently hired or will be hired newly by research institutions)when engaging them in the management of KAKENHI research programs, by using not only

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KAKENHI, but also funds such as indirect expenses and basic costs under other external funds, anddonations, for example.
In addition, please make active efforts to provide support in securing career paths for thesemanagement personnel, for example, enrolling them in URA training, etc. Also consider utilizing theindirect expenses for such efforts.

11. Promoting Efforts to Support Gender Equality and Foster Human Resources
The Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan (Cabinet Decision on March 26, 2021), theBasic Plan for Gender Equality (Cabinet Decision on December 25, 2020), and Education and
Human Resource Development Policy Package toward the Realization of Society 5.0 (Decision by
the Council for Science, Technology and Innovation on June 2, 2022) aim to create research
environments that make it easier for both men and women to continue their research activities whenlife events occur, such as childbirth, childcare, and nursing care, as well as to promote theappointment of excellent female researchers as project leaders, among other measures. Another goal
is to increase the proportion of female students in middle and high school who advance to master's
and doctoral courses especially in the science and engineering fields through initiatives tocommunicate the fascination of these areas to female students in middle and high school, theirparents, and their teachers, thereby overcoming the current situation with a low percentage of female
students going to doctoral courses in natural science and increasing the number of potential bearersof knowledge in Japan.
In addition, if due consideration is not paid to sexual differences in research and development
processes that require such consideration, it may cause inappropriate impact at the stage of social
implementation. As such, research and technological development that properly give attention tosexual differences, such as those in physique and the structure and functioning of bodies, are needed.
In light of these points, in KAKENHI-funded projects, JSPS will take into account efforts topromote the participation and advancement of female researchers and expand the range of humanresources that will play a role in science and technology in the future.
To advance science, it is important to secure an environment that allows diverse researchers to
exercise their potentials and advance their activities. In March 2020, JSPS established the “Basic
Guidelines for Promoting Gender Equality in JSPS Programs” to promote gender equal participationin areas of science.
As part of this initiative, JSPS opened a new website CHEERS! (URL: https://cheers.jsps.go.jp/) inan aim to support the diverse careers of all researchers, such as balancing research and life events.
JSPS will release useful information on, for example, how to balance research and childcare andactively carry out various initiatives through CHEERS! to create a network among researchers.

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Researchers are encouraged to visit the website.

12.About HIRAMEKI☆TOKIMEKI SCIENCE –Welcome to a University
Research Lab– Science That Inspires and Inspirits
The “HIRAMEKI☆TOKIMEKI SCIENCE” program is designed to offer opportunities to gain adeeper understanding of the meaning of science and its roles in daily life to society, as part of efforts
to give back to society and promote KAKENHI-funded research achievements.
Based on their KAKENHI-funded academic studies, researchers themselves communicate the fun
and fascination of scientific pursuit directly to the younger generation in an easy-to-understandmanner. They thus instill intellectual curiosity and a rich sense of creativity in pupils in their fifthand sixth years of elementary school and students in middle and high school, who will go on toshoulder the future of Japan. As we are looking for such experience-based programs, regardless ofareas of research, please take advantage of this opportunity.
URL：https://www.jsps.go.jp/hirameki/Attached Table 1

Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research-KAKENHI-“Research Activity Start-up FY2024” Review Section
Table

Review Section
0101 Philosophy, art, and related fields
0102 Literature, linguistics, and related fields
0103 History, archaeology, museology, and related fields
0104 Geography, cultural anthropology, folklore, and related fields
0105 Law and related fields
0106 Political science and related fields
0107 Economics, business administration, and related fields
0108 Sociology and related fields
0109 Education and related fields
0110 Psychology and related fields
0201 Algebra, geometry, analysis, applied mathematics,and related fields
Condensed matter physics, plasma science, nuclear engineering, earth resources
0202
engineering, energy engineering, and related fields
0203 Particle-, nuclear-, astro-physics, and related fields
0204 Astronomy, earth and planetary science, and related fields
Mechanics of materials, production engineering, design engineering, fluid engineering,
0301 thermal engineering, mechanical dynamics, robotics, aerospace engineering, marine
and maritime engineering, and related fields
0302 Electrical and electronic engineering and related fields
Civil engineering, social systems engineering, safety engineering, disaster prevention
0303
engineering, and related fields
0304 Architecture, building engineering, and related fields
0401 Materials engineering, chemical engineering, and related fields
Nano/micro science, applied condensed matter physics, applied physics and0402
engineering, and related fields
0403 Biomedical engineering and related fields
0501

Physical chemistry, functional solid state chemistry, organic chemistry, polymers,organic materials, biomolecular chemistry, and related fields

Inorganic/coordination chemistry, analytical chemistry, inorganic materials chemistry,
energy-related chemistry, and related fields
0601 Agricultural chemistry and related fields
0502

0602 Agricultural and environmental biology and related fields
0603 Forestry and forest products science, applied aquatic science, and related fields
0604 Agricultural economics and rural sociology, agricultural engineering, and related fields- 84 -

Review Section
0605 Veterinary medical science, animal science, and related fields
0701 Biology at molecular to cellular levels, and related fields
0702 Biology at cellular to organismal levels, and related fields
0703 Biology at organismal to population levels and anthropology, and related fields
0704 Neuroscience, brain sciences, and related fields
0801 Pharmaceutical sciences and related fields
0802 Biomedical structure and function and related fields
0803 Pathology, infection/immunology, and related fields
0901 Oncology and related fields
0902 General internal medicine and related fields
0903 Organ-based internal medicine and related fields
0904 Internal medicine of the bio-information integration and related fields
0905 Surgery of the organs maintaining homeostasis and related fields
0906 Surgery related to the biological and sensory functions and related fields
0907 Oral science and related fields
0908 Society medicine, nursing, and related fields
0909 Sports sciences, physical education, health sciences, and related fields
1001 Information science, computer engineering, and related fields
1002 Human informatics, applied informatics and related fields
Environmental analyses and evaluation, environmental conservation measure and1101
related fields- 85 -

Attached Table 2

Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research-KAKENHI-“Research Activity Start-up FY2024”
Review Section Table
This chart gives examples of the content in each screening category. Please check it when choosing the category inwhich you want your application to be screened. Examples are provided for multiple screening categories.
Examples of related research content
Area studies-related
Tourism studies-related
Gender studies-related
Design-related
Japanese language education-related
Foreign language education-related
Library and information science, humanistic
and social informatics-related
Cognitive science-related
Quantum beam science-related

Review Section
corresponding
Examples of related
research content
0104、0106
0104、0107、0108
0104、0106、0108
0101、0304、1002
0102、0109
0102、0109
0102、1002
0110、1002
0202、0203

0101：Philosophy, art, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Philosophy and ethics-related
Philosophy in general, Ethics in general, Western philosophy, Western ethics, Japanese philosophy,
Japanese ethics, Applied ethics, etc.
Chinese philosophy, Indian philosophy and Buddhist philosophy-related
Chinese philosophy/thought, Indian philosophy/thought, Buddhist philosophy, Bibliography, Philology,
etc.
Religious studies-related
History of religions, Philosophy of religion, Theology, Sociology of religion, Psychology of religion,
Anthropology of religion, Studies of religious folklore, Mythology, Bibliography, Philology, etc.
History of thought-related
History of thought in general, History of Western thought, History of Eastern thought,
History of Japanese thought, History of Islamic thought, etc.
Aesthetics and art studies-related
Philosophy of art, Aesthetics, Music theory, Theatrical theory, Miscellaneous art studies, etc.
History of arts-related
Japanese art, Eastern art, Western art, Contemporary art, Craft, Design, Architecture, Costume,
Photography, etc.
Theory of art practice-related
Art expression, Arts management, Art policy, Art production, etc.
Sociology of science, history of science and technology-related
Sociology of science, History of science, History of technology, History of medicine,
Industrial archeology, Philosophy of science, Foundation of science, STS (Science, technology andsociety), etc.
Design-relatedInformation design, Environmental design, Industrial design, Spatial design, Design history,
Theory of design, Design standard, Design support, Evaluation of design, Design education, etc.

- 86 -

0102：Literature, linguistics, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Japanese literature-related
Japanese literature in general, Ancient literature, Medieval literature, Chinese classics in Japan,
Bibliography, Philology, Premodern literature, Modern literature, Contemporary literature, Literary
theory, etc.
Chinese literature-related
Chinese literature, Bibliography, Philology, Literary theory, etc.
English literature and literature in the English language-related
English literature, American literature, Literature in the English language, Literary theory, Bibliography,
Philology, etc.
European literature-relatedFrench literature, Literature in the French language, German literature,
Literature in the German language, Classics, Russian and East European literature,
Literature in other European languages, Literary theory, Bibliography, Philology, etc.
Literature in general-related
Literature in other languages and areas, Literary theory, Comparative literature, Bibliography, Philology,
Literature education, etc.
Linguistics-related
Phonetics/phonology, Semantics/pragmatics, Morphosyntax, Sociolinguistics, Contrastive linguistics,
Psycholinguistics, Neurolinguistics, Historical linguistics, Corpus linguistics,
Endangered and minority languages, etc.
Japanese linguistics-related
Phonetics/phonology, Writing systems, Lexicon and semantics, Grammar, Stylistics, Pragmatics,
Language life, Dialect, History of the Japanese language, History of Japanese linguistics, etc.
English linguistics-related
Phonetics/phonology, Lexicon and semantics, Grammar, Stylistics, Pragmatics, Sociolinguistics,
Diversity of the English language, Corpus linguistics, History of the English language,
History of English linguistics, etc.
Japanese language education-related
Research on learners, Language acquisition, Teaching material, Curriculum evaluation,
Japanese language education for specific purposes, Bilingual education, Research on teachers,
Japanese language for Japanese language education, History of Japanese language education,
Cross-cultural understanding, etc.
Foreign language education-related
Learning method, Computer-assisted language learning (CALL), Teaching material, Language testing,
Theory of second language acquisition, Early English education,
History of foreign language education and language policies, Curriculum evaluation,
Training foreign language teachers, Cross-cultural understanding, etc.
Library and information science, humanistic and social informatics-related
Library science, Information services, Information organizing, Information retrieval,
Bibliometrics, Information resources, Information ethics, Digital humanities, Social Informatics, Digitalarchives, etc.
0103：History, archaeology, museology, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Historical studies in general-related
Historical theory, Historical methodology, Research in historical materials, Memory and medium, World
history, History of cultural and diplomatic exchange, Comparative history, Global history,
Environmental history, History of emotions, etc.

- 87 -

Japanese history-related
History of ancient Japan, History of medieval Japan, History of early modern Japan, History of modern
Japan,
History of local Japan, History of external relations, History of culture and religion, History of Japaneseenvironment,
History of Japanese city, Research in historical materials, etc.
History of Asia and Africa-related
Chinese history, East Asian history, Central Eurasian history,
Southeast Asian history, Oceanian history, South Asian history, West Asian history, African history,
History of cultural and diplomatic exchange, Research in historical materials, etc.
History of Europe and America-related
Ancient European history, Medieval European history,
Modern and contemporary West European history,
Modern and contemporary East European history, North and South American history,
History of cultural and diplomatic exchange, Comparative history, Research in historical materials, etc.
Archaeology-related
Archaeology in general, Prehistoric archaeology, Historical archaeology, Japanese archaeology,
Ancient civilizations, History of material culture, Experimental archaeology,
Information archaeology, Study of buried cultural property, Ecological archeology, etc.
Cultural assets study-related
Dating methods, Material analysis, Production techniques, Conservation science, Archaeologicalprospection,
Plant and animal residues, Human remains, Cultural heritage, Cultural property policy,
Museology-related
Museum displays and exhibitions, Museum management, Museum collections and documentation,
Museum conservation and preservation, Museum education and learning, Museum informatics andmedia studies,
Museum finance and administration, History of museums and museology, etc.
0104：Geography, cultural anthropology, folklore, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Geography-related
Geography in general, Land use, Landscape, Environmental system, Geomorphology, Climatology,
Hydrology, Cartography, Geographic information system, Regional planning, etc.
Human geography-related
Human geography in general, Economic geography, Social geography, Political geography,
Cultural geography, Urban geography, Rural geography, Historical geography, Regional geography,
Geography education, etc.
Cultural anthropology and folklore-related
Cultural anthropology in general, Folklore in general, Material culture, Ecology, Social relationship,
Religion, Arts, Health care, Border crossing, Minority, etc.
Area studies-related
Area studies in general, Cross-regional comparative studies, Aid, Social development,Interregional exchange, Environment, Transnationalism, Globalization, Refugees, Conflict, etc.
Tourism studies-related
Tourism studies in general, Tourism resources, Tourism policy, Tourism industry,
Tourist area, Tourists, Tourism culture, Tourism media, Sustainable tourism, Tourism ethics, etc.
Gender studies-related
Gender studies in general, Feminism, Men's studies, Sexuality, Queer studies, Labor, Violence,
Prostitution,
Reproductive technology, Gender equality, etc.

- 88 -

0105：Law and related fields
Examples of related research content
Legal theory and history-related
Legal philosophy, Roman law, Legal history, Sociology of law, Comparative law, Foreign law,
Law and policy, Law and economics, Judicial system, etc.
Public law-related
Constitutional law, Administrative law, Tax law, etc.
International law-related
Public international law, Private international law, International human rights law,International economic law, EU law, etc.
Social law-related
Labor law, Economic law, Social security law, Education law, etc.
Criminal law-related
Criminal law, Criminal procedure, Criminology, Criminal justice policy, Juvenile law,
Law and psychology, etc.
Civil law-related
Civil law, Commercial law, Civil procedure, Insolvency law, Alternative dispute resolution, etc.
New fields of law-related
Environmental law, Medical law, Information law, Consumer law, Intellectual property law,
Law and gender, Legal profession, etc.
0106：Political science and related fields
Examples of related research content
Politics-related
Political theory, History of political thought, Political history, Political process, Political participation,
Political economy, Public administration, Local government, Comparative politics, Public policy, etc.
International relations-related
Theory of international relations, International history, Foreign policy, International security,
International political economy, Global governance, International cooperation, Peace research, etc.
Area studies-related
Area studies in general, Cross-regional comparative studies, Aid, Social development,Interregional exchange, Environment, Transnationalism, Globalization, Refugees, Conflict, etc.
Gender studies-related
Gender studies in general, Feminism, Men's studies, Sexuality, Queer studies, Labor, Violence,
Prostitution,
Reproductive technology, Gender equality, etc.
0107：Economics, business administration, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Economic theory-related
Microeconomics, Macroeconomics, Game theory, Behavioral economics, Experimental economics,
Economic theory, Evolutionary economics, Economic institutions, Economic systems, etc.
Economic doctrines and economic thought-related
Economic doctrines, Economic thought, Social thought, Economic philosophy, etc.

- 89 -

Economic statistics-related
Statistical system, Statistical research, Economic statistics, Big data, Econometrics, Financial
econometrics, etc.
Economic policy-related
Economic policy, Industrial organization, International economics, Development economics,
Environmental and resource economics, Japanese economy, Regional economy, Urban economics,
Transportation economics, Spatial economics, etc.
Public economics and labor economics-related
Public finance, Public economics, Health economics, Labor economics, Social security,
Education economics, Law and economics, Political economy, Demography, etc.
Money and finance-related
Monetary economics, Finance, International finance, Corporate finance, Financial engineering,
Insurance, etc.
Economic history-related
Economic history, Business history, Industrial history, etc.
Business administration-related
Organization theory, Corporate strategy, Organizational behavior, Corporation theory, Corporate
governance theory,
Human resource management, Technology/Innovation management theory, International business,
Management information, Business administration in general, etc.
Commerce-relatedMarketing, Consumer behavior, Distributive sciences, Logistics, Commerce in general, etc.
Accounting-related
Financial accounting, Management accounting, Auditing, Accounting in general, etc.
Tourism studies-related
Tourism studies in general, Tourism resources, Tourism policy, Tourism industry,
Tourist area, Tourists, Tourism culture, Tourism media, Sustainable tourism, Tourism ethics, etc.
0108：Sociology and related fields
Examples of related research content
Sociology-related
Sociology in general, Community, Family, Labor, Stratification, Culture, Media, Ethnicity, Social
movements, Social research, etc.
Social welfare-related
Social work, Social policy, Social welfare history, Child welfare,
Social welfare for people with disabilities, Social welfare for aging, Community welfare, Poverty,
Volunteerism, Social welfare in general, etc.
Family and consumer sciences, and culture and living-related
Dress and fashion, Diet habits, Housing, Family resource management, Family relations, Lifestyle,
Culture and living,
Family and consumer education, Family and consumer sciences in general, etc.
Tourism studies-related
Tourism studies in general, Tourism, Tourism resources, Tourism policy, Tourism industry,
Regional development, Tourists, Pilgrimage, etc.
Gender studies-related
Gender studies in general, Feminism, Men's studies, Sexuality, Queer studies, Labor, Violence,
Prostitution,
Reproductive technology, Gender equality, etc.

- 90 -

0109：Education and related fields
Examples of related research content
Education-related
History of education, Philosophy of education, Curriculum and pedagogy,
Teacher and trainer, School education, Social and community education,
Institutions and administration, Comparative education, Educational administration, etc.
Sociology of education-related
Sociology of education, Socialization, Educational organization and system,
Destination and career formation, Class disparities, Gender, Education policy, Comparative education,
Globalization and development, etc.
Childhood and nursery/pre-school education-relatedChildhood, Nursery/pre-school education, Right of child, Development,
Contents and methods of child care, Childcare facilities and kindergarten,
Caregiver and pre-school teacher, Child care support, Childhood culture,
History and thought, etc.
Education on school subjects and primary/secondary education-related
Education of individual subjects, Lessons of each subject area, Instructional guidance, Teacher
education,
Special activities, Integrated studies, Moral education, etc.
Tertiary education-related
Policy, Admission and articulation, Curriculum, Career guidance, Teacher and staff, Scientific research,
Regional link and contribution, Globalization, Management and governance,
Non-university higher education, etc.
Special needs education-related
Philosophy and history, Inclusion and cohesive society, Instructions and supports,
Developmental disabilities, Emotional disturbance, Intellectual disabilities, Language disorders,
Physical disabilities, Career education, etc.
Educational technology-related
Curriculum development, Teaching-learning support systems, Utilization of media, Utilization of ICT,
Teacher's education, Information literacy, etc.
Science education-related
Science education, Science communication, Scientific literacy, Science and society, STEM education,etc.
Japanese language education-related
Research on learners, Language acquisition, Teaching material, Curriculum evaluation,
Japanese language education for specific purposes, Bilingual education, Research on teachers,
Japanese language for Japanese language education, History of Japanese language education,
Cross-cultural understanding, etc.
Foreign language education-related
Learning method, Computer-assisted language learning (CALL), Teaching material, Language testing,
Theory of second language acquisition, Early English education,
History of foreign language education and language policies, Curriculum evaluation,
Training foreign language teachers, Cross-cultural understanding, etc.
0110：Psychology and related fields
Examples of related research content
Social psychology-related
Social psychology in general, Self, Group, Attitude and behavior, Affection/emotion,
Interpersonal relation, Social issues, Culture, etc.

- 91 -

Educational psychology-related
Educational psychology in general, Development, Family, School, Clinical practice, Personality,
Learning, Assessment and evaluation, etc.
Clinical psychology-related
Clinical psychology in general, Psychological disorder, Assessment, Psychological intervention,
Training, Mental health, Crime and delinquency, Community, etc.
Experimental psychology-relatedExperimental psychology in general, Sensation, Perception, Attention, Memory, Language,
Emotion, Learning, etc.
Cognitive science-related
Cognitive science in general, Cognitive models, Kansei, Human factors, Cognitive and brain science,
Comparative cognition, Cognitive linguistics, Cognitive engineering, etc.
0201：Algebra, geometry, analysis, applied mathematics,and related fields
Examples of related research content
Algebra-relatedGroup theory, Ring theory, Representation theory, Algebraic combinatorics, Number theory,
Arithmetic geometry, Algebraic geometry, Algebraic analysis, etc.
Geometry-related
Differential geometry, Riemannian geometry, Symplectic geometry, Complex geometry, Topology,
Differential topology, Low dimensional topology, etc.
Basic analysis-related
Functional analysis, Complex analysis, Probability theory, Harmonic analysis, Operator theory,
Spectral analysis, Operator algebras, Algebraic analysis, Representation theory, etc.
Mathematical analysis-related
Functional equations, Real analysis, Dynamical system, Variational method, Nonlinear analysis,
Applied analysis, etc.
Basic mathematics-related
Mathematical logic and foundations, Information theory, Discrete mathematics, Computer mathematics,
History of mathematics, etc.
Applied mathematics and statistics-related
Numerical analysis, Mathematical modelling, Optimal control, Game theory, Statistical mathematics,
etc.
0202：Condensed matter physics, plasma science, nuclear engineering, earth resources engineering, energy
engineering, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Mathematical physics and fundamental theory of condensed matter physics-related
Statistical physics, Fundamental theory of condensed matter physics, Mathematical physics,
Nonequilibrium nonlinear physics, Fluid dynamics, Computational physics,
Quantum information theory, etc.
Semiconductors, optical properties of condensed matter and atomic physics-related
Semiconductors, Dielectrics, Atoms and molecules, Mesoscopic systems, Crystals,
Surfaces and interfaces, Optical properties of condensed matter, Quantum electronics,
Quantum information, etc.
Magnetism, superconductivity and strongly correlated systems-related
Magnetism, Strongly correlated electron systems, Superconductivity, Quantum fluids and solids,
Molecular solids, etc.

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Biophysics, chemical physics and soft matter physics-related
Physics of biological phenomena, Physics of biological matters, Liquids and glasses, Soft matters,
Rheology, etc.
Fundamental plasma-related
Basic plasmas, Magnetized plasmas, Laser plasmas, Strongly coupled plasmas, Plasma diagnostics,
Astrophysical and space plasmas, etc.
Nuclear fusion-related
Plasma confinement, Plasma control, Plasma heating, Plasma diagnostics, Edge plasma,
Plasma wall interaction, Inertial fusion, Fusion material, Fusion system, etc.
Applied plasma science-related
Plasma processing, Plasma material science, General plasma applications, etc.
Quantum beam science-related
Accelerators, Beam physics, Radiation detectors, Beam control, Applied quantum beam science, etc.
Nuclear engineering-related
Reactor physics, Nuclear safety, Thermal-hydraulics and structure, Fuel material, Nuclear chemistry,
Nuclear life cycle, Radiation safety, Radiation engineering, Fusion reactor engineering, Nuclear social
environment, etc.
Earth resource engineering, Energy sciences-related
Resource prospecting, Resource development, Resource cycle, Resource economy, Energy system,
Environmental load, Renewable energy, Natural resources and energy policy, etc.
0203：Particle-, nuclear-, astro-physics, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Quantum beam science-related
Accelerators, Beam physics, Radiation detectors, Beam control, Applied quantum beam science, etc.
Theoretical studies related to particle-, nuclear-, cosmic ray and astro-physics
Particle physics, Nuclear physics, Cosmic-ray physics, Astrophysics, Relativity, Gravity, etc.
Experimental studies related to particle-, nuclear-, cosmic ray and astro-physics
Particle physics, Nuclear physics, Cosmic-ray physics, Astrophysics, Relativity, Gravity, etc.
0204：Astronomy, earth and planetary science, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Astronomy-related
Theoretical astronomy, Radio astronomy, Optical/infrared astronomy, X-ray/γ-ray astronomy,
Astrometry, Solar physics, Exoplanet astronomy, etc.
Space and planetary sciences-related
Solar-terrestrial physics, Aeronomy, Planetary science, Exoplanetary science,
Extraterrestrial material science, etc.
Atmospheric and hydrospheric sciences-related
Climate system, Atmospheric science, Ocean science, Limnology, Glaciology, Paleoclimatology, etc.
Human geosciences-related
Geoenvironmental science, Natural disaster science, Geospatial information science,
Quaternary research, Earth resources science, etc.
Solid earth sciences-related
Solid earth geophysics, Geology, Earth's interior material science, Solid earth geochemistry, etc.

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Biogeosciences-related
Origin and evolution of life, Extremophile biology, Biogeochemistry, Paleoenvironmental science,
Paleontology, etc.
0301：Mechanics of materials, production engineering, design engineering, fluid engineering, thermal
engineering, mechanical dynamics, robotics, aerospace engineering, marine and maritime engineering, and related
fieldsExamples of related research content
Mechanics of materials and materials-related
Structural mechanics, Fatigue, Fracture, Biomaterials, Material design, Material characteristics,
Material evaluation, etc.
Manufacturing and production engineering-related
Machining, Non-traditional machining, Ultraprecision machining, Machine tools,
Manufacturing systems, Precision metrology, Process planning, etc.
Design engineering-related
Mechanical design, Product design, Design theory, Design for reliability, Optimal design, Computeraided design, etc.
Machine elements and tribology-related
Machine elements, Mechanisms, Tribology, Actuators, Micromachines, etc.
Fluid engineering-related
Fluid machinery, Flow measurement, Computational fluid dynamics, Turbulence, Multiphase flow,
Compressible flow, Incompressible flow, etc.
Thermal engineering-related
Heat transfer, Convection, Combustion, Thermophysical properties, Refrigeration and air-conditioning,
Heat engine, Energy conversion, etc.
Mechanics and mechatronics-related
Kinematics, Kinetics, Vibration, Acoustics, Automation, Biomechanics,
Instrument and control applications, Mechatronics applications, etc.
Robotics and intelligent system-related
Robotics, Intelligent system, Human mechanical system, Human interface, Planning,
Intelligent spatial system, Virtual reality, Augmented reality, etc.
Aerospace engineering-related
Thermo-fluid dynamics, Structural mechanics, Propulsion, Aerospace craft design, Productionengineering, Aircraft system, Aerodynamics, Spacecraft system, Space utilization, etc.
Marine engineering-related
Navigation, Structural mechanics, Structural design, Production technology, Marine propulsion,
Marine transport, Marine development, Underwater engineering, Polar engineering, Marine
environmental technology, etc.
0302：Electrical and electronic engineering and related fields
Examples of related research content
Power engineering-relatedElectrical energy-related, Energy conservation, Power system engineering, Electric machinery,
Power electronics, Effective utilization of electric energy, Electromagnetic compatibility, Wirelesspower transfer, etc.
Communication and network engineering-relatedInformation theory, Nonlinear theory, Signal processing, Communication systems,
Modulation/demodulation,
Antennas, Networks, Multimedia, Cryptography/security, etc.

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Measurement engineering-related
Measurement theory, Measuring instruments, Applied wave metrology, Measurement systems,
Signal processing, Sensing, etc.
Control and system engineering-related
Control theory, System theory, Control systems, Knowledge-based control systems,
System information processing, System control applications, Biosystems engineering, etc.
Electric and electronic materials-related
Semiconductor, Dielectric materials, Magnetic materials, Organic materials, Superconductor,
Composite materials, Thin films, Functional materials, Thick films, Fabrication/characterization
methods, etc.
Electron device and electronic equipment-relatedElectron devices, Circuit design, Optical devices, Spintronic devices, Millimeter wave/terahertz wave,
Applied wave devices, Storage devices, Displays, Process technology, Implementation technology, etc.
0303：Civil engineering, social systems engineering, safety engineering, disaster prevention engineering, andrelated fields
Examples of related research content
Civil engineering material, execution and construction management-related
Concrete, Steel, Composite material, Wood, Pavement material, Repair and reinforce material,
Execution,
Maintenance, Construction management, etc.
Structure engineering and earthquake engineering-related
Applied mechanics, Structure engineering, Steel structure, Concrete structure, Composite structure,
Wind engineering, Earthquake engineering, Aseismatic structure, Earthquake prevention, etc.
Geotechnical engineering-related
Soil mechanics, Foundation engineering, Rock engineering, Engineering geology, Ground behavior,
Geotechnical structures, Geo-disaster prevention, Geo-environment, Tunnel engineering, etc.
Hydroengineering-related
Hydraulics, Environmental hydraulics, Hydrology, River engineering, Water resource engineering,
Coastal engineering, Port and harbor engineering, Ocean engineering, etc.
Civil engineering plan and transportation engineering-related
Civil engineering plan, Regional urban planning, Spatial planning, Disaster prevention plan,
Transportation plan, Transportation engineering, Railway engineering, Surveying and remote sensing,Landscape design, Civil engineering history, etc.
Environmental systems for civil engineering-related
Environment plan, Environmental system, Environment conservation,
Water serve and drainage systems, Waste, Water environment, Atmospheric circulation,
Noise and vibration, Environment ecology, Environmental monitoring, etc.
Social systems engineering-related
Social systems, Industrial engineering, Operations research, Industrial management,
Reliability engineering, Policy science, Regulatory science, Quality control, etc.
Safety engineering-related
Safety engineering, Safety system, Risk engineering, Risk management, Work safety, Industrial safety,
Product safety,
Safety information, Human engineering, Liability engineering, etc.
Disaster prevention engineering-related
Disaster prediction, Hazard map, Building prevention against disaster,
Lifeline prevention against disaster, Regional disaster prevention planning, Risk evaluation of disaster,Disaster prevention policy, Disaster resilience, etc.

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0304：Architecture, building engineering, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Building structures and materials-related
Load theory, Structural analysis, Structural design, Structures, Earthquake resistant design,
Foundation, Geotechnics, Structural material, Maintenance, Building construction method, etc.
Architectural environment and building equipment-relatedSound environment, Vibration environment, Light environment, Heat environment, Air environment,
Environmental psychology/physiology, Building equipment, Fire engineering, Urban environment,
Environment design, etc.
Architectural planning and city planning-related
Planning theory, Design theory, Housing theory, Buildings, Urban/regional planning, Administration,
Building economics, Production management, Disaster prevention planning, Landscape, etc.
Architectural history and design-related
Architectural history, Urban history, Architectural theory, Design, Landscape, Preservation, Renovation,etc.
Design-relatedInformation design, Environmental design, Industrial design, Spatial design, Design history,
Theory of design, Design standard, Design support, Evaluation of design, Design education, etc.
0401：Materials engineering, chemical engineering, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Metallic material properties-relatedElectric and magnetic properties, Metastable states, Diffusion, Phase transformation, Phase diagram,
Lattice defect,
Mechanical properties, Thermal and optical properties, Materials computational science, Microstructurel i materialst
Inorganic
and properties-related
Functional ceramics, Glass, Engineering ceramics, Carbon-based materials, Crystal structure analysis,
Microstructure,
Electric properties, Mechanical properties, Physical and chemical properties, Grain boundary, etc.
Composite materials and interfaces-related
Functional composite materials, Structural composite materials, Biocompatible composite materials,
Polymer composite, Surface treatment, Bonding and joining, Interface properties, Gradient function, etc.
Structural materials and functional materials-related
Infrastructural materials, Structural materials, Functional materials, Medical welfare materials,
Reliability,
Sensor materials, Energy materials, Battery materials, Environmental materials, etc.
Material processing and microstructure control-related
Processing and molding, Molding, Weld joining, Crystal microstructure control, Laser processing,
Precision processing, Polishing, Powder metallurgy, Coating, Corrosion and protection, etc.
Metals production and resources production-related
Separation and purification, Melting and solidifying, Crystal growth, Casting, Scarce resources
substitution,
Low environment impact, Recycle, etc.
Transport phenomena and unit operations-related
Phase equilibrium, Transport properties, Fluid-phase unit operation, Adsorption, Membrane separation,
Stir mixing, Powder and particle, Crystallization, Film formation, Supercritical, etc.
Chemical reaction and process system engineering-related
Reaction operation, Novel reaction process, Reaction mechanism, Reactor design,
Materials synthesis process, Microreactor, Process control, Process system design, Process informatics,
etc.

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Catalyst and resource chemical process-related
Catalyst preparation, Catalytic function, Energy conversion process, Energy technology,
Resources effective utilization technology, Catalytic material, Active site analysis, etc.
Biofunction and bioprocess engineering-related
Biocatalyst engineering, Biofunction engineering, Food engineering, Medicochemical engineering,
Bioproduction process, Bioreactor, Bioseparation, Biosensor, Biorefinery, etc.
0402：Nano/micro science, applied condensed matter physics, applied physics and engineering, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Nanometer-scale chemistry-related
Nanoparticle chemistry, Mesoscopic chemistry, Nanostructure control, Self-assembly, Nanocarbons,
Molecular devices, Nanointerface function, Nanospace function, etc.
Nanostructural physics-related
Physics in nanoscale materials and structures, Nanoprobes, Quantum dots,
Quantum devices, Electron devices, Spin devices, Nano optical device, Nanotribology, Nanocarbon
physics, etc.
Nanomaterials-related
Creation of nanomaterials, Analysis of nanomaterials, Nanosurfaces and nanointerfaces,
Functional nanomaterials, Nanoparticles, Carbon nanomaterials, Two-dimensional materials,
Nanocrystalline materials, Nanocomposites, Nanofabrication process, etc.
Nanobioscience-related
Biomolecular devices, Molecular manipulation, Molecular imaging, Nanomeasurements, Nanosynthesis,
Single molecule science, Nano-bio interfaces, Biomolecular array, Genome engineering, etc.
Nano/micro-systems-related
MEMS, NEMS, BioMEMS, Nano/micro-fabrication, Nano/micro-chemical systems, Nano/microbiosystems,
Nano/micro-mechanics, Nano/micro-sensors, etc.
Applied physical properties-related
Magnetic materials, Superconductors, Dielectrics, Fine particles, Liquid crystals,
New functional materials, Molecular electronics, Bioelectronics, Spintronics, etc.
Thin film/surface and interfacial physical properties-related
Thin-film engineering, Surface and interfacial engineering, Surface science, Vacuum, Measurement,
Analysis,
Nanoscopic technology, Advanced equipment, Electronics application, etc.
Applied condensed matter physics-related
Elementary quantities, Standards, Units, Physical quantity measurements and detection,
Energy conversion, etc.
Crystal engineering-related
Metal, Semiconductor, Ceramics, Amorphous, Crystal growth, Artificial structures, Device structure,
Crystal characterization, Plasma process, etc.
Optical engineering and photon science-related
Optical materials, Optical elements, Optical properties, Optical information processing, Laser,
Optical sensing, Optical recording, Opto-electronics, Nonlinear optics, Quantum optics, etc.
0403：Biomedical engineering and related fields
Examples of related research content
Biomedical engineering-related
Medical imaging, Medical modeling, Biological simulation, Biometrics, Artificial organs,
Tissue engineering, Biophysical properties, Biocontrol, Biomechanics, Nanobio systems, etc.

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Biomaterials-related
Biofunctional materials, Tissue engineering materials, Biocompatible materials, Nanobio materials,
Drug delivery systems, Stimuli-sensitive materials, Genetic engineering material, etc.
Medical systems-related
Medical ultrasound system, Diagnostic imaging system, Laboratory diagnosis systems,
Minimally invasive treatment systems, Remote diagnosis and treatment systems,
Organ preservation systems, Medical information systems, Computer-assisted surgery, Medical robot,
etc.
Medical technology assessment-related
Regulatory science, Safety evaluation, Clinical study, Medical technology ethics, Medical devices, etc.
Medical assistive technology-related
Healthcare and rehabilitation engineering, Life assist technology, Care support technology,
Accessibility design, Universal design, Rehabilitation and nursing robot, Assist device for artificial
internal organ,
0501：Physical chemistry, functional solid state chemistry, organic chemistry, polymers, organic materials,
biomolecular chemistry, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Fundamental physical chemistry-relatedGas, Liquid, Solid, Nanomaterials, Bio-related materials, Structure and properties, Chemical reactions,Spectroscopy,
Theoretical calculation, Data science, etc.
Functional solid state chemistry-related
Molecular materials, Inorganic compounds, Hybrid compounds, Colloids, Surface/interface,
Electrical properties, Optical properties, Magnetic properties, Energy conversion, Catalysis, etc.
Structural organic chemistry and physical organic chemistry-related
Chemistry of organic crystals, Molecular recognition, Supermolecules, Functional organic molecules,
Extended π-electron molecules, Organoelement chemistry, Reaction mechanism, Molecular chirality,
Theoretical organic chemistry, etc.
Synthetic organic chemistry-related
Development of reactions, Reaction mechanism, Selective reactions, Asymmetric synthesis,
Development of catalysts, Biocatalysis, Sustainable organic synthesis, Natural product synthesis,
Process chemistry, etc.
Polymer chemistry-related
Polymer synthesis, Polymer reactions, Functional polymers,
Self-assembled polymers, Non-covalent polymers, Chiral polymers, Bio-related polymers, Polymer
properties,
Polymer materials-related
Properties of polymer materials, Synthesis of polymer materials,
Functional polymer materials, Environmentally friendly polymer materials, Liquid crystal polymers,
Gel, Biopolymers, Polymer composites, Polymer processing, etc.
Organic functional materials-related
Organic semiconductors, Liquid crystals, Optical materials, Device-related materials,
Electrically conductive materials, Hybrid materials, Molecular functional materials,
Organic hybrid materials, Materials for energy conversion, etc.
Bio-related chemistry
Bioorganic chemistry, Bioinorganic chemistry, Biological reaction engineering,
Biofunctional chemistry, Biofunctional materials, Biotechnology, etc.

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Chemistry and chemical methodology of biomolecules-related
Natural product chemistry, Biologically active compounds,
Molecular mechanism of biological activities, Biofunctional molecules, Combinatorial chemistry,
Metabolomic analysis, etc.
Chemical biology-related
In vivo functional expression, Intracellular chemical reactions, Drug discovery science,
Chemical library, Structure-activity relationship, Chemical probes, Biomolecular measurements,
Molecular imaging,Pi0502：Inorganic/coordination chemistry, analytical chemistry, inorganic materials chemistry, energy-related
chemistry, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Inorganic/coordination chemistry-related
Coordination chemistry, Organometallic chemistry, Inorganic solid-state chemistry,
Bioinorganic chemistry, Solution chemistry, Clusters, Supramolecular complexes,
Coordination polymers, Typical elements, Physical properties and functions, etc.
Analytical chemistry-related
Spectrometric analysis, Advanced measurements, Surface/interface analysis, Separation analysis,
Analytical reagents, Radiochemical analysis, Electrochemical analysis, Bioanalysis, New analysis
methods, etc.
Green sustainable chemistry and environmental chemistry-related
Green process, Green catalysts, Recycle, Environmental assessment, Environmentally conscious
materials,
Reduction of environmental load, Environmental restoration, Resource saving, Geochemistry,
Environmental radioactivity, etc.
Inorganic compounds and inorganic materials chemistry-related
Crystals, Amorphous, Ceramics, Semiconductors, Inorganic device-related materials,
Low-dimensional compounds, Porous materials, Nanoparticles, Multicomponent compounds,
Hybrid materials, etc.
Energy-related chemistry
Energy resources, Energy conversion materials, Energy carriers, Solar energy utilization,
Material separation, Catalytic transformation, Battery and electrochemical materials,
Energy-saving materials, Renewable energy, Unused energy, etc.
0601：Agricultural chemistry and related fields
Examples of related research content
Plant nutrition and soil science-relatedPlant metabolism and physiology, Nutritional elements in plants, Soil classification,
Soil physical chemistry, Soil organisms, etc.
Applied microbiology-related
Microbial genetics/breeding, Microbial function, Microbial metabolism and physiology,
Microbial applications, Control of microbes, Microbial ecology, Production of useful materials, etc.
Applied biochemistry-related
Cellular biochemistry, Applied biochemistry, Structural biology, Regulation of bioactivity,
Metabolism and physiology, Cellular function, Molecular function, Production of useful materials, etc.
Bioorganic chemistry-related
Bioactive substances, Signal molecules, Natural products chemistry, Biosynthesis,
Structure-activity relationship, Synthetic organic chemistry, Chemical biology, etc.
Food sciences-related
Food function, Food chemistry, Nutritional chemistry, Food analysis, Food engineering,Food safety, Functional food, Nutritional epidemiology, Clinical nutrition, etc.

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Applied molecular and cellular biology-related
Molecular cell biology, Cellular bioengineering, Molecular engineering, Gene expression control,
Cell-cell/intermolecular interactions, Cellular function, Production of useful materials, etc.
0602：Agricultural and environmental biology and related fields
Examples of related research content
Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
Genetic resources, Breeding theories, Genomic breeding, Plants with novel traits, Quality components,
Stress tolerance, Yielding ability, Reproduction and multiplication, Growth physiology, Development,
etc.
Crop production science-related
Field crops, Crop yield, Crop product quality, Crop morphology, Growth prediction, Crop physiology,
Field management, Low-cost cultivation techniques, Environmentally friendly agriculture,
Field ecosystem, etc.
Horticultural science-relatedPlant growth, flowering, and fruit development, Nursery plant propagation and production,
Crop production systems, Cultivation techniques, Protected horticulture,
Controlled environment systems, Breeding and development of new cultivars,
Quality of horticultural products, Postharvest physiology and management, Socio-horticulture, etc.
Plant protection science-relatedPlant pathology, Clinical plant science, Agricultural insect pest, Natural enemy, Weed,
Agricultural chemicals, Integrated pest management, etc.
Insect science-related
Sericulture insect technology, Insect genetics, Insect pathology, Insect physiology and biochemistry,
Insect ecology, Chemical ecology, Systematics, Symbiosis and parasitism, Social insects,
Medical entomology, etc.
Conservation of biological resources-related
Conservation biology, Biodiversity conservation, Conservation of phylogenetic diversity,
Genetic resources conservation, Ecosystem conservation, Conservation of microorganisms, Impacts of
non-native species, etc.
Landscape science-related
Landscape architecture, Parks and open space planning, Landscape planning, Cultural landscape,Nature conservation, Landscape ecology, Parks and open space management, Parks,
Environmental greening, Participatory community design, etc.
0603：Forestry and forest products science, applied aquatic science, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Forest science-related
Forest ecology, Forest biodiversity, Forest genetics and breeding, Silviculture, Forest protection,
Forest environments, Erosion control, Forest utilization, Forest planning, Forest policy, etc.
Wood science-related
Wood structure, Wood property, Lignocellulose, Trace element, Fungus, Wood processing,
Biomass-refinery, Wood based material, Wooden building, Forest products education, etc.
Aquatic bioproduction science-related
Aquatic environment, Fisheries, Aquatic resource management, Aquatic organisms, Aquatic ecosystem,
Aquaculture, Fisheries engineering, Fishing community/fisheries policy,
Fisheries economics/management/marketing, Fisheries education, etc.
Aquatic life science-related
Aquatic nutrition, Aquatic pathology, Aquatic genetics/heredity/breeding, Aquatic physiology,
Utilization of aquatic organisms and biomass, Aquatic biological chemistry, Aquatic biotechnology,
Aquatic food sciences, etc.

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0604：Agricultural economics and rural sociology, agricultural engineering, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Agricultural and food economics-related
Food economy, Agricultural production economy, Agricultural policy, Food system, Food marketing,International agricultural development, Trade of agricultural commodities and livestock products, Rural
resources and environment, etc.
Rural sociology and agricultural structure-related
Farm organization, Farm management, Agricultural structure, Agricultural market, Agricultural history,
Rural society, Rural life, Agricultural cooperative, etc.
Rural environmental engineering and planning-related
Irrigation and drainage, Reclamation and conservation of agricultural land, Rural planning,
Rural environment, Circulation of resources and energy, Disaster prevention in rural area,
Stock management of agricultural infrastructures, Hydrodynamics and hydrology, Soil physics,
Design and construction materials, etc.
Agricultural environmental engineering and agricultural information engineering-related
Agricultural production facilities, Bioproduction machinery, Environmental control,
Agricultural meteorology and micrometeorology, Agricultural information, Greenhouse horticulture,
Plant factory, Postharvest and supply chain, Nondestructive measurement,
Remote sensing and geographic information system, etc.
Environmental agriculture-related
Biomass, Environmental manipulation, Biodiversity, Environmental analysis, Ecosystem services,
Resources circulation system, Low-carbon societies, Life-cycle assessment,
Environmental friendly agriculture, Watershed management, etc.
0605：Veterinary medical science, animal science, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Animal production science-related
Breeding/genetics, Reproduction, Nutrition/feeding, Anatomy/physiology, Product, Environment,
Behavior, Therapy, Grassland, Grazing, etc.
Veterinary medical science-related
Basic veterinary science, Pathological veterinary science, Applied veterinary science,
Clinical veterinary science, Animal nursing, Animal welfare, Wildlife, etc.
Animal life science-related
Homeostasis, Cellular function, Biological defense, Integrated genetics, Development/differentiation,
Biotechnology, etc.
Laboratory animal science-related
Genetic engineering, Developmental engineering, Animal models of disease, Facility management,
Laboratory animal welfare, Laboratory animal-related technology, Bioresource, etc.
0701：Biology at molecular to cellular levels, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Molecular biology-related
Chromosome function, Chromatin, Epigenetics, Genome maintenance, Genome transmission,
Chromosome re-organization, Gene expression, Non-coding RNA, Regulation of protein function,
Molecular genetics, Regulation of RNA function, etc.
Structural biochemistry-related
Proteins, Nucleic acids, Lipids, Carbohydrates, Biological membrane, Molecular recognition,
Denaturation, Three-dimensional structural analysis, Three-dimensional structural prediction,
Molecular dynamics, etc.

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Functional biochemistry-related
Enzymes, Sugar chain, Bioenergy conversion, Biological trace elements, Physiologically active
substances,
Cell signaling, Membrane transport, Proteolysis, Molecular recognition, Organelle, etc.
Biophysics-related
Structure biology, Physical property of biomolecules, Biomembrane, Photobiology, Molecular motor,
Biometrics, Bioimaging, Systems biology, Synthetic biology, Theoretical biology, etc.
Genome biology-related
Genome organization, Genome function, Genome diversity, Molecular evolution of genome,
Genome repair/maintenance, Trans-omics, Epigenome, Gene resource, Genome dynamics, etc.
System genome science-related
Network analyses, Synthetic biology, Biological databases, Bioinformatics,
Genome analysis technology, Genome biotechnology, etc.
0702：Biology at cellular to organismal levels, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Cell biology-related
Cytoskeleton, Proteolysis, Organelle, Nuclear structure and function, Extracellular matrix,
Signal transduction, Cell cycle, Cell motility, Cell-cell interaction, Cellular genetics, etc.
Developmental biology-related
Cell differentiation, Stem cells, Regeneration, Germ layer formation, Morphogenesis, Organogenesis,
Fertilization, Germ cells, Developmental genetics, Evolution and development, etc.
Plant molecular biology and physiology-related
Photosynthesis, Growth physiology, Plant development, Organelle, Cell wall,
Responses to environment, Plant-microbe interaction, Metabolism, Plant molecular function, etc.
Morphology and anatomical structure-related
Morphology, Comparative morphology, Morphological modeling, Ultrastructure, Morphological image
analysis,
Tissue organization, Microscopic technology, Imaging, etc.
Animal physiological chemistry, physiology and behavioral biology-related
Metabolic physiology, Neurophysiology, Neuroethology, Behavioral physiology, Animal physiologicalchemistry,
Chronobiology, Comparative physiology, Comparative endocrinology, Behavioral genetics, etc.
0703：Biology at organismal to population levels and anthropology, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Genetics-related
Molecular genetics, Cellular genetics, Developmental genetics, Behavioral genetics, Population
genetics, Quantitative trait, Population genomics, Genome-wide association study, Genetic diversity,
Epigenome diversity, etc.
Evolutionary biology-related
Molecular evolution, Evolutionary genetics, Phenotypic evolution, Evolutionary developmental biology,
Evolution of ecological traits, Evolution of behaviors, Experimental evolution, Coevolution, Speciation,
Evolutionary theory, etc.
Biodiversity and systematics-related
Taxonomic characters, Taxon, Classification system, Molecular phylogeny, Phyletic evolution,
Speciation, Natural history, Biogeography, Rare species conservation, Biodiversity, etc.
Ecology and environment-related
Chemical ecology, Molecular ecology, Physiological ecology, Evolutionary ecology, Behavioral
ecology,
Population ecology, Community ecology, Conservation ecology, Biological interactions, Material cycles
in ecosystems, etc.

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Physical anthropology-related
Morphology and function, Bioarchaeology, Biological mechanism, Genome, Evolutionary genetics,
Behavior,
Ecology, Comparative cognition, Primates, Growth and aging, etc.
Applied anthropology-related
Physiological anthropology, Ergonomics, Forensic anthropology, Medical anthropology,
Physiological polymorphisms, Environmental adaptability, Somatic and physiological function,
Anthropometry and bioengineering, Lifestyle, etc.
0704：Neuroscience, brain sciences, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Neuroscience-general-related
Neurochemistry, Neuron, Glia, Genome, Epigenetics, Neurobiology, Information processing, Synapse,
Neurogenesis, etc.
Anatomy and histopathology of nervous system-related
Neural development, Anatomy of nervous system, Neural network structure, Neuropathology, etc.
Function of nervous system-related
Neurophysiology, Neuropharmacology, Neurotransmission, Neuroinformatics, Behavioral neuroscience,
Neural system physiology, Cerebral blood flow, Autonomic nervous system, etc.
Basic brain sciences-related
Brain-machine interface, Model animal, Computational brain science, Brain information decoding,Control technologies, Brain imaging, Brain biometrics, etc.
Cognitive and brain science-related
Social behavior, Communication, Emotion, Decision making, Consciousness, Learning,
Neuroeconomics, Neuropsychology, etc.
Pathophysiologic neuroscience-related
Clinical neuroscience, Dolorology, Sensory impairment, Movement disorder, Neurological disorder,
Neurogenesis, Neuroimmunology, Cellular degeneration, Disease model, etc.
0801：Pharmaceutical sciences and related fields
Examples of related research content
Pharmaceutical chemistry and drug development sciences-related
Inorganic chemistry, Organic chemistry, Medicinal chemistry, Medicinal molecular design,
Drug discovery, Bio-related materials, Chemical biology, etc.
Pharmaceutical analytical chemistry and physicochemistry-related
Environmental analysis, Bioanalysis, Physicochemistry, Biophysics, Structural biology, Radiochemistry,
Bioimaging, Drug formulation design, Computer science, Information science, etc.
Pharmaceutical hygiene and biochemistry-related
Environmental hygiene, Healthful nutrition, Disease prevention, Toxicology, Drug metabolism,
Host defense, Molecular biology, Cell biology, Biochemistry, etc.
Pharmacology-related
Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics, Applied pharmacology, Signal transduction, Drug interactions,
Drug response, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacotoxicology, etc.
Environmental and natural pharmaceutical resources-related
Environmental resource science, Natural products chemistry, Bioactive natural compounds,
Medicinal resources, Medicinal foods, Pharmaceutical microbiology, etc.

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Clinical pharmacy-related
Pharmacokinetics, Medical informatics, Social pharmacy, Clinical pharmacy, Pharmaceutics,
Regulatory science, Education for the pharmacist, etc.
0802：Biomedical structure and function and related fields
Examples of related research content
Anatomy-related
Macroscopic anatomy, Histology, Embryology, etc.
Physiology-related
General physiology, Pathophysiology, Comparative physiology, Environmental physiology, etc.
Pharmacology-related
Genomic pharmacology, Molecular and cellular pharmacology, Pathological pharmacology,
Behavioral pharmacology, Pharmacology for drug discovery, Clinical pharmacology, etc.
Medical biochemistry-related
Biofunctional molecular and medical biochemistry, Genome medical sciences, Human genetics,
Disease model, etc.
0803：Pathology, infection/immunology, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Pathological biochemistry-related
Molecular pathology, Metabolic disorders, Molecular diagnosis, etc.
Human pathology-related
Molecular pathology, Cyto- and histo-pathology, Diagnostic pathology, etc.
Experimental pathology-relatedDisease models, Pathological regulation, Tissue regeneration, etc.
Parasitology-related
Parasite, Vector organism, Parasite pathogenicity, Epidemiology of parasites, Control of parasite
infections, etc.
Bacteriology-related
Bacterium, Fungus, Antimicrobial resistance, Bacterial pathogenicity, Epidemiology of bacteria,
Control of bacterial infections, etc.
Virology-related
Virus, Prion, Viral pathogenicity, Epidemiology of viruses, Control of viral infections, etc.
Immunology-related
Immune system, Immune response, Inflammation, Immune-related disorder, Immune regulation, etc.
0901：Oncology and related fields
Examples of related research content
Tumor biology-related
Cancer and gene, Tumor development, Invasion, Metastasis, Cancer microenvironment,
Cancer and signal transduction, Characteristics of cancer cells, Cancer and immune cells, etc.
Tumor diagnostics and therapeutics-related
Genome analysis, Diagnostic markers, Molecule imaging, Chemotherapy, Nucleic acid therapy,
Gene therapy, Immunotherapy, Molecular targeted therapy, Physical therapy, Radiation therapy, etc.

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0902：General internal medicine and related fields
Examples of related research content
General internal medicine-related
Psychosomatic medicine, Laboratory medicine, General practice, Geriatrics, Psychosomatic internal
medicine, Oriental medicine, Palliative medicine, etc.
Neurology-related
Neurology, Neurofunctional imaging, etc.
Psychiatry-related
Clinical psychiatry, Biological psychiatry, Forensic mental health, etc.
Radiological sciences-related
Diagnostic radiology, Therapeutic radiology, Radiation biology, Radiological technology, etc.
Embryonic medicine and pediatrics-related
Fetal medicine, Neonatal medicine, Pediatrics, etc.
0903：Organ-based internal medicine and related fields
Examples of related research content
Gastroenterology-related
Upper digestive tract, Lower digestive tract, Liver, Biliary tract, Pancreas, etc.
Cardiology-relatedIschemic heart disease, Valvular heart disease, Arrhythmia, Cardiomyopathy, Heart failure,
Peripheral arterial disease, Arteriosclerosis, Hypertension, etc.
Respiratory medicine-related
Respiratory medicine, Asthma, Diffusive lung disease, COPD, Lung cancer, Pulmonary hypertension,
etc.
Nephrology-related
Acute renal failure, Chronic kidney disease, Diabetic nephropathy, Hypertension,
Aqueous electrolyte metabolism, Artificial dialysis, etc.
Dermatology-related
Dermatology, Cutaneous immune disease, Cutaneous infection, Cutaneous tumor, etc.
0904：Internal medicine of the bio-information integration and related fields
Examples of related research content
Hematology and medical oncology-related
Hematological oncology, Medical oncology, Hematological immunology, Anemia, Thrombosis andhemostasis, Chemotherapy, etc.
Connective tissue disease and allergy-relatedConnective tissue disease, Allergy, Clinical immunology, Inflammation, etc.
Infectious disease medicine-related
Infection diagnostics, Infection therapeutics, Host defense, International infection science, etc.
Metabolism and endocrinology-related
Energy balance, Glucose metabolism, Lipid metabolism, Purine metabolism, Bone metabolism,
Electrolyte balance, Endocrinology, Neuroendocrinology, Reproductive endocrinology, etc.

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0905：Surgery of the organs maintaining homeostasis and related fields
Examples of related research content
General surgery and pediatric surgery-related
Surgical basic principles, Breast surgery, Endocrine surgery, Pediatric surgery, Transplant surgery,
Artificial organs science, Regeneration, Operation support, etc.
Digestive surgery-related
Upper gastrointestinal surgery, Lower gastrointestinal surgery, Hepatic surgery, Biliary surgery,
Pancreatic surgery, etc.
Cardiovascular surgery-related
Coronary artery surgery, Heart valve surgery, Surgery for myocardial disease, Aortic surgery,
Vascular surgery, Congenital heart surgery, etc.
Respiratory surgery-related
Lung surgery, Mediastinal surgery, Chest wall surgery, Respiratory tract surgery, etc.
Anesthesiology-related
Anesthesiology, Perioperative management, Pain management, Resuscitology, Palliative medicine, etc.
Emergency medicine-related
Intensive care medicine, Emergency resuscitation science, Trauma surgery, Disaster medicine,
Disaster medical care, etc.
0906：Surgery related to the biological and sensory functions and related fields
Examples of related research content
Neurosurgery-related
Neurosurgery, Spine and spinal cord diseases, etc.
Orthopedics-related
Orthopedics, Rehabilitation medicine, Sports medicine, etc.
Urology-related
Urology, Male genitalia science, etc.
Obstetrics and gynecology-related
Obstetrics, Reproductive endocrinology, Gynecologic oncology, Female health care medicine, etc.
Otorhinolaryngology-related
Otorhinolaryngology, Head and neck surgery, etc.
Ophthalmology-related
Ophthalmology, Ophthalmological optics, etc.
Plastic and reconstructive surgery-related
Plastic surgery, Reconstructive surgery, Aesthetic plastic surgery, etc.
0907：Oral science and related fields
Examples of related research content
Oral biological science-related
Oral anatomy, Oral histology and embryology, Oral physiology, Oral biochemistry,
Pharmacology for hard tissues, etc.
Oral pathobiological science-related
Oral infectious diseases, Oral pathology, Oral experimental oncology, Immunity and inflammation,
Laboratory medicine, etc.

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Conservative dentistry-related
Operative dentistry, Endodontology, Periodontology, etc.
Regenerative dentistry and dental engineering-related
Regenerative dentistry, Biomaterial science, Dental materials science,
Oral and maxillofacial prosthetics, Oral implantology, etc.
Prosthodontics-related
Prosthodontics, Oral rehabilitation, Gerodontology, etc.
Surgical dentistry-related
Oral and maxillofacial surgery, Oral maxillofacial reconstructive surgery, Dental anesthesiology,
Psychosomatic medicine dentistry, Dental radiology, etc.
Developmental dentistry-related
Orthodontics, Pediatric dentistry, etc.
Social dentistry-related
Dental hygiene, Preventive dentistry, Oral health administration and management, Dental education,
Forensic odontology, etc.
0908：Society medicine, nursing, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Medical management and medical sociology-related
Medical management, Medical social science, Ethics for medical science, Ethics for medical care,
Biomedical education, History of medical science, Health policy and economics, Clinical trials,
Health and medical services administration, Disaster medical science, etc.
Hygiene and public health-related: including laboratory approach
Hygiene, Public health, Epidemiology, Global health, etc.
Hygiene and public health-related: excluding laboratory approach
Hygiene, Public health, Epidemiology, Global health, etc.
Forensics medicine-related
Forensic medicine, Forensic pathology, Forensic toxicology, Forensic genetics, Suicide, Abuse,
Clinical forensic medicine, Sudden death, etc.
Fundamental of nursing-related
Fundamental of nursing, Nursing education, Nursing administration, Nursing ethics, Global nursing, etc.
Clinical nursing-related
Critical care and emergency nursing, Perioperative nursing, Nursing of chronic illness,
Oncology nursing, Psychiatric nursing, Palliative care nursing, etc.
Lifelong developmental nursing-related
Women's health nursing, Maternal nursing, Midwifery, Family health nursing, Child health nursing,
School nursing, etc.
Gerontological nursing and community health nursing-related
Gerontological nursing, Community health nursing, Public health nursing, Disaster nursing, Home carenursing, etc.
0909：Sports sciences, physical education, health sciences, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Rehabilitation science-related
Rehabilitation medicine, Rehabilitation nursing, Rehabilitation medical care, Physicotherapeutics,
Occupational therapy, Assistive technology, Speech and language therapy, etc.

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Sports sciences-related
Sports physiology, Sports biochemistry, Sports medicine, Sports sociology, Sports management,
Sports psychology, Sports education, Training science, Sports biomechanics, Adapted sports science,etc.
Physical education, and physical and health education-related
Growth developmental science, Physical and health education, Physical education in school,
Educational physiology, Physical systems science, Higher brain function science, Martial arts theory,
Outdoor education, etc.
Nutrition science and health science-related
Nutritional physiology, Nutritional biochemistry, Nutritional education, Clinical nutrition,
Functional food, Lifestyle-related disease, Health promotion, Aging, etc.
1001：Information science, computer engineering, and related fields
Examples of related research content
Theory of informatics-related
Discrete structure, Mathematical logic, Theory of computation, Mathematical theory of programs,
Computational complexity theory, Algorithm theory, Information theory, Coding theory,
Theory of cryptography, Learning theory, etc.
Mathematical informatics-related
Optimization theory, Mathematical systems theory, System control theory, System analysis,
System methodology, System modeling, System simulation, Combinatorial optimization,
Queueing theory, Mathematical finance, etc.
Statistical science-related
Statistics, Data science, Modeling, Statistical inference, Multivariate analysis, Time series analysis,
Statistical quality control, Applied statistics, etc.
Computer system-related
Computer architecture, Circuit and system, LSI design, LSI testing, Reconfigurable system,
Dependable architecture, Low power technology, Hardware/software codesign, Embedded system, etc.
Software-related
Programming language, Programming methodology, Operating system,
Parallel and distributed computing, Software engineering, Virtualization technology,
Cloud computing, Software dependability, Software security, etc.
Information network-related
Network architecture, Network protocol, Internet, Mobile network, Pervasive computing,Sensor network, IoT, Traffic engineering, Network management, Service platform technology, etc.
Information security-related
Cryptography, Tamper resistance technology, Authentication, Biometrics, Access control, Malware
countermeasure,
Countermeasures against cyber attacks, Privacy protection, Digital forensics, Security evaluation andauthorization, etc.
Database-related
Data model, Database system, Multimedia database, Information retrieval, Content management,
Metadata, Big data, Geographic information system, etc.
High performance computing-relatedParallel processing, Distributed processing, Cloud computing, Numerical analysis, Visualization,
Computer graphics, High performance computing application, etc.
Computational science-related
Mathematical engineering, Computational mechanics, Numerical simulation, Multi-scale modeling,
Large-scale computing, Massively parallel computing, Numerical computing methods,
Advanced algorithms, etc.

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1002：Human informatics, applied informatics and related fields
Examples of related research content
Perceptual information processing-related
Pattern recognition, Image processing, Computer vision, Visual media processing,
Acoustic media processing, Media editing, Media database, Sensing, Sensor fusion, etc.
Human interface and interaction-related
Human interface, Multi-modal interface, Human-computer interaction,
Computer supported cooperative work, Virtual reality, Augmented reality,
Realistic communication, Wearable device, Usability, Ergonomics, etc.
Intelligent informatics-related
Search, Inference, Machine learning, Knowledge acquisition, Intelligent system,
Intelligent information processing, Natural language processing, Data mining, Ontology, Agent system,
etc.
Soft computing-related
Neural network, Evolutionary computation, Fuzzy theory, Chaos, Complex systems,
Probabilistic information processing, etc.
Intelligent robotics-relatedIntelligent robot, Behavior and environment recognition, Planning, Sensory behavior system,
Autonomous system, Digital human, Real world information processing, Physical agents,
Intelligent space, etc.
Kansei informatics-relatedKansei design, Kansei cognitive science, Kansei psychology, Kansei robotics,
Kansei measurement evaluation, Kansei interface, Kansei physiology,
Kansei material science, Kansei pedagogy, Kansei brain science, etc.
Design-relatedInformation design, Environmental design, Industrial design, Spatial design, Design history,
Theory of design, Design standard, Design support, Evaluation of design, Design education, etc.
Cognitive science-related
Cognitive science in general, Cognitive models, Kansei, Human factors, Cognitive and brain science,
Comparative cognition, Cognitive linguistics, Cognitive engineering, etc.
Life, health and medical informatics-related
Bioinformatics, Life informatics, Biological information, Neuroinformatics,
Neural information processing, Molecular computing, DNA computing, Medical information,
Health information, Medical image, etc.
Web informatics and service informatics-related
Web system, Semantic web, Web mining, Social network analysis, Service engineering,
Educational service, Medical service, Welfare service, Social service, Information culture, etc.
Learning support system-related
Media literacy, Learning media, Social media, Learning content, Learning management,
Learning support, Remote learning, e-Learning, etc.
Entertainment and game informatics-relatedMusic information processing, 3D content, Animation, Game programming, Network entertainment,
Media art, Digital museum, Experience design, etc.
Library and information science, humanistic and social informatics-related
Library science, Information services, Information organizing, Information retrieval,
Bibliometrics, Information resources, Information ethics, Digital humanities, Social Informatics, Digitalarchives, etc.

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1101：Environmental analyses and evaluation, environmental conservation measure and related fields
Examples of related research content
Environmental dynamic analysis-related
Global warming, Environmental change, Water and material cycle, Ocean, Land, Polar regions,
Environmental measurements, Environmental model, Environmental information, Remote sensing, etc.
Radiation influence-related
Radiation, Measurement, Control, Repair, Biological effects, Risk, etc.
Chemical substance influence on environment-related
Toxicology, Toxic substance to human, Trace chemical substance, Endocrine disruptor, Repair, etc.
Environmental impact assessment-related
Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Terrestrial impact, Impact assessment on human health,Social and economic impacts, Impact assessment on the future generation,
Environmental impact assessment, Assessment methods, Monitoring, Simulation, etc.
Environmental load and risk assessment-related
Environmental analysis, Environmental load analysis, Environmental monitoring, Pollution dynamics
assessment,
Evaluation of radioactive substances dynamics, Environmental modeling, Exposure assessment,
Toxicity evaluation,
Environmental assessment, Chemical substance management, etc.
Environmental load reduction and remediation-related
Removal of contamination, Treatment of waste material, Control of contamination source,
Disposal of waste material, Environmental load reduction, Remediation measure of contamination,
Noise and vibration reduction, Countermeasure of ground settlement, Bioremediation,
Radioactive decontamination, etc.
Environmental materials and recycle technology-related
Recycle materials, Valuable materials recovery, Separation, refining and purification,
Environment-conscious design, Recycle chemistry, Green production, Zero emission,
Resource circulation, Renewable energy, Biomass utilization, etc.
Social-ecological systems-related
Biodiversity, Conservation biology, Natural capital, Impact of climate change, Impact analysis on
ecosystem,
Ecosystem management, Ecosystem restoration, Ecosystem services, Natural tourism resources,
Regional environmental planning, etc.
Sound material-cycle social systems-relatedSound material-cycle systems, Material and energy budget analysis, Low carbon society,
Unused energy, Regional revitalization, Water use system, Industrial symbiosis,
Life cycle assessment (LCA), Integrated environmental management,
3R (reduction, reuse, recycle) social systems, etc.
Environmental policy and social systems-related
Environmental philosophy and ethics, Environmental laws, Environmental economics, Environmental
information,
Environmental education, Environmental activities, Environmental management and governance, Socialand public system, Consensus forming, Sustainable development, etc.

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(Reference 1)
Procedures on the Handling of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
Omitted(Reference 2)
Procedures on the Handling of JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
Research (KAKENHI (Multi-year Fund))Omitted- 111 -Inquiries
1. Inquiries about the invitation of applications should be directed to the following
divisions through the research institution.
(1) For inquiries concerning the invitation of applications
General inquiries about the Application Procedures
Research Aid Division I, Research Program Department, JSPS
Telephone: 03-3263-4724, 0996
* Available every day except on Saturdays, Sundays, National Holidays, the New Year
Holidays (from December 29 until January 3), and the Anniversary of the Foundation of JSPS
(September 21).

(2) For inquiries concerning the use of the KAKENHI Electronic Application System
Call center
Telephone: 0120-556-739 (toll-free)* Available from 9:30 to 17:30 every day except Saturdays, Sundays, National Holidays andthe New Year Holidays (from December 29 until January 3)(3) For inquiries concerning the use of the Cross-ministerial Research and Development
Management System (e-Rad)
Helpdesk of the Cross-ministerial Research and Development Management System(e-Rad) of MEXT
Telephone: 0570-057-060 (Navi Dial)* Available from 9:00 to 18:00 except on Saturdays, Sundays, National Holidays and the New
Year Holidays (from December 29 until January 3)* The following phone numbers are also available. 03-6631-0622< Important points >① How to operate e-Rad
Manuals on how to operate e-Rad can be referred or downloaded from the portal site (URL:
https://www.e-rad.go.jp). Please agree to the terms of service and apply.
② Time period when e-Rad is available(Monday to Sunday) 00:00 - 24:00 (in operation 24 hours a day, 365 days a year)
However even during the above-mentioned time period, the operation of e-Rad may be disrupted
or suspended, when maintenance and inspection is being carried out. If the operation is scheduled
to be disrupted or suspended, this will be announced beforehand on the portal site.

(4) For matters related to the “Self-Assessment Checklist on the Improvement of the
System” based on the “Guidelines on the Management and Audit of Public ResearchFunds at Research Institutions (Implementation Standards)”
Competitive Research Funding Administration, Research Environment Division, Science andTechnology Policy Bureau (MEXT)
Telephone: 03-5253-4111 (ext. 3866, 3827)
e-mail：kenkyuhi@mext.go.jp(5) For matters related to the “Checklist Pertaining to the Current Status” based on the- 112 -

“Guidelines for Responding to Misconduct in Research”
Office for Research Integrity Promotion, Research Environment Division, Science andTechnology Policy Bureau (MEXT)
Telephone: 03-6734-3874
e-mail：jinken@mext.go.jp(6) For matters related to use of support by Platform formed by “Foundation of
Scientific Research Support”
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Team, Scientific Research Aid Division,Research
Promotion Bureau, MEXT
Telephone: 03-6734-4087(7) For matters related to “the National Bioscience Database”
National Bioscience Database Center, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)Telephone: 03-5214-8491(8)For matters related to the “Inter-University Bio-Backup Project”
Executive Office, IBBP Center, Inter-University Research Institute Corporation National
Institutes of Natural Sciences
Telephone: 0564-59-5930, 5931

(9) For matters related to the “National BioResource Project”
National BioResource Project (NBRP) Executive Office(established in the Research Organization for Information and Systems, National Institute of
Genetics)
Telephone: 055-981-6809(10) For matters related to the “researchmap”
Service Support Center (in charge of the researchmap), Department of Information
Infrastructure, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (JST)Web inquiry form: https://researchmap.jp/public/inquiry/(11) For matters related to the “Security Export Control Policy”
Security Export Control Administration Division, Trade Control Department, Trade andEconomic Cooperation Bureau, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
Telephone: 03-3501-2800

2. Application forms (Research Proposal Document) and other applicationmaterials can be downloaded from the following website.
JSPS’s website on Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
URL：https://www.jsps.go.jp/j-grantsinaid/index.html [Japanese]
URL：https://www.jsps.go.jp/english/e-grants/index.html [English]- 113 -