Product Specification Criteria
Paper Beverage Cartons (PSC-ID：BD-01)
2004/07/01

Note: These standards have been prepared for the development of EcoLeaf™
environmental labels. Use for any other purpose without consent of the EcoLeaf™
program office is strictly prohibited.

No.

1

2

Major
key

Minor
key

Precondit Target
ions
product

Class

Requirements

Description Packaging containers made primarily of paper, and meant to holdbeverages and liquid foods.

Scope

Product and packaging included in smallest retail unit
However, not included are items other than those provided bypaper carton manufacturers to function as containers.
Examples• Caps and lids made by paper carton manufacturers and provided
with containers are included.
• Straws provided by content manufacturers are not included.

1

No.

Major
key

3

Minor
key
LCA
scope

Class

Life cycle
stage andsystemboundary

Requirements

1. Life cycle stage
All life cycle stages (obtaining/making materials, cartonmanufacture, distribution, usage, and disposal/recycling) arecovered.
However:(1) Content manufacturing impact is not included.
(2) The impact of filling the cartons is included by adding in theenergy used (when filling with beverages) to operate special
filling equipment provided as the production system.
(3) Refrigeration energy in the distribution and usage stages is
included only for cartons whose refrigeration is required by law(only scenarios (2) and (3) defined in item 2).
(4) Transport impact from distribution point to consumer’s home
is not included.
2. System boundary
This PSC establishes the following 4 scenarios according toanticipated uses.
(1) Sealed paper cartons for room-temperature distribution(2) Sealed paper cartons that require refrigeration(3) Sealed paper cartons requiring refrigeration for school
lunches(4) Paper cups (note: cup-type sealed cartons are included in (1)and (2) above)
See Appendix 3, Life Cycle Scenario, 1 through 4.

4

2

Data
collected(for
product
data
sheet)

Product
Product
informatio materials
orn(informati ingredientmakeupon on
constituent
elements
of productitself)

1. Class A parts(1) Part names
Stock (including laminated stock)(2) Specifics and how to factor in portions of environmental
impacts which you cannot determine yourself.
A. Obtain past data for inclusion in accordance with

No.

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Requirements
Appendix 1, which for this PSC was excerpted and tailoredfrom the needed parts of the paper/paperboard PSC
prepared by the Japan Paper Association. However, if this isdifficult, follow the procedure in Appendix 2, “Paper LCI Data
Provided by the Japan Paper Association.”
B. If you purchase laminated stock, determine and include
the lamination process impact in accordance with theprovisions of item number 5.
C. For aluminum foil, polyethylene, and synthetic resinmaterials, use weight data to calculate and include theimpacts using common intensities.
2. Material categories
Following are the materials entered in the “(1) Productinformation” space on the product data sheet. Lump othermaterials under “others.”• Product stock• Polyethylene• Aluminum foil
• Synthetic resins

5

Datacollected(for
product
data
sheet)

I. Up to and including transport from the carton manufacturing
Manufact Material
and energy process to the beverage maker’s filling site
uring
inputs,stage
informatio consumpti (Raw material manufacture, transport, printing, packaging, andon, andntransport of finished stock and other materials)(producti emissions
on siteNote: Follow item 4 1(2) on inclusion of data for portions related toactivity
manufacture of the stock.
information)1. Material and energy inputs
Electricity, LPG, LNG, city tap water, industrial water supply,
groundwater, fuel oil, diesel fuel2. Emissions
Calculate CO2, NOx, and SOx from fossil fuels if they areenergy-consumption emissions.
3. Treatment of environmental impacts related to byproducts andsub-materials, and the reason
The following are not included.

3

No.

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Requirements• Ink cans, solvent cans
• Printing plates and cylinders
Reason: They are not carton materials, and are in any case below
the cut-off point.
Byproducts: Products which arise secondarily in the manufacturing
process and are sold, as distinguished from products whose
manufacture is the main purpose.
Sub-materials: Materials input and discarded at the manufacturingsite, and are not shipped with products.
4. Yield
Each company should use the average value of past data for each
unit process.
5. Recycling
Each company factors in recycling based on its own past data.
6. Impact of transport between manufacturing processes(1) Stock (class A parts) manufacturing process
Use actual past data on transport between manufacturing sites.
(2) From material manufacturing plant to filling plant (note:
scenario 4 is not applicable to this item)
Calculate according to this scenario:• Transport means: 10-ton truck• Transport distance: 200 km• Loading ratio: Maximum load based on each company’s own
freight packing rules

5

4

Data
collected(for
product
data
sheet)

II. Beverage maker’s filling site and thereafter
Manufact Material
and energy
uring
inputs,stage
Add in the impact of operating filling and cartoning machines only
informatio consumpti when cartoning is necessary.
on, andn(producti emissions 1. Material and energy inputs
on site

No.

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

activity
information)Requirements

Electricity, LPG, LNG, city tap water, industrial water supply,
groundwater, fuel oil, diesel fuel2. Emissions
Calculate CO2, NOx, and SOx from fossil fuels if they areenergy-consumption emissions.
3. Treatment of environmental impacts related to byproducts andsub-materials, and the reason
No provisions in particular.
4. Yield
To determine loss/yield when filling, use the data from the mostrecent version of “Basic Study on the Present State of and Trends
in the Recycling of Paper Beverage Cartons,” issued by theCommittee for Milk Container Environmental Issues.
However, in-house data may also be used.

6

Datacollected(for
product
data
sheet)

Distributi Final
on stage productinformatio transportconditionsn

1. Domestic transport
Approach• Include delivery from primary distribution center until products
are put on store shelves.
• Calculate maximum load from carton size and weight.
• Calculate operating impact of refrigerated trucks from amountof fuel used (see item 9).
(1) Sealed paper cartons for room-temperature distribution
A. Beverage plant to warehouse
Means: 10-ton truck (transport at room temperature
by non-refrigerated truck)
Distance: 150 km one way
Note: Calculate empty truck plus pallets and cases
for return trip.
B. Warehouse to supermarket (outbound trip only)

5

No.

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Requirements

Means: 2-ton truck (transport at room temperature by
non-refrigerated truck)
Distance: 28 km one way(2) Sealed paper cartons that require refrigeration
A. Beverage plant to warehouse
Means (outbound): 10-ton refrigerated truck,temperature set at 4°C
Means (return): 10-ton truck (transport at room
temperature by non-refrigerated truck)
Distance: 150 km one way
Note: Calculate empty truck plus pallets and cases
for return trip.
B. Warehouse to supermarket (outbound trip only)
Means: 2-ton refrigerated truck, temperature set at
4°C
Distance: 28 km one way(3) Sealed paper cartons requiring refrigeration for school
lunches
Means: 2-ton insulated truck
Distance: 40 km one way (deliveries to 4 schools),
adding 40 km for return trip.
(4) Paper cup beverages
Means: 10-ton truck
Distance: 250 km one way
Load: 9-oz paper cups: 10-ton truck carrying 450
cases each with 2,500 paper cups
7-oz paper cups: 10-ton truck carrying 500 cases
each with 2,000 paper cups
2. Overseas transport(1) When overseas production is included, sea and air transport
impact between the producing country and Japan, and the land

6

No.

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Requirements
transport impact abroad, are factored in by adding them to thedomestic transport impact.
(2) If a company does not collect actual data on the transport
method and the amount of fuel used, it is permissible to set thetransport means, standard distance, and loading ratio based on
its own situation, and make this the overseas transport scenario,
but the soundness of the scenario basis is subject to verification.
(3) Give a general description of overseas distribution channels
in “3. Distribution stage information” of the Product Data Sheet.
3. Distribution packaging materials(1) Items included
Packaging that is shipped with the products from filling plants
and removed when products are stocked on store shelves.
Packing materials such as shrink wrap, cardboard, and crates
that are used for transporting products.
(2) How to factor in
It is assumed that crates are used 60 times.

7

No.

7

Major
key
Data
collected(for
product
data
sheet)

Minor
key

Class

Product
Usage
usage
stage
informatio conditionsnRequirements

Factor in according to a scenario limited to carton use, only whennecessitated by carton characteristics.
In the case of scenario (2) sealed paper cartons that require
refrigeration
Based on design specifications, use the following formula todetermine environmental impact of refrigerated stocking in a store.
Formula: [(423 W/h x 24 h) ÷ 50% operation) ÷ (effective volume ÷2)** The coefficient 2 is based on the empirical rule that the display
amount assuming 1-liter gabletop cartons is half the effective
volume of a refrigerated display case.
Assumptions• Refrigeration period: 1 day• Temperature: 5°C• Refrigerated display case is made by Fuji Electric, which has
the largest market share. Multi-shelf type with effective volumeof 1,627 liters and power consumption of 423 W/h.
In the case of scenario (3) sealed paper cartons (for milk) requiring
refrigeration for school lunches
Determine environmental impact of refrigerated storage in school
based on design specifications.
Formula: [(501 W/h x 24 h) ÷ 50% operation] ÷ (area of cartonbottom x 1,200 cartons)
Assumptions• 1,200 students• Refrigeration period: 1 day• Temperature: 5°C• Refrigerated display case is a Matsushita Electric NS-K661R1(effective volume 1,635 liters and power consumption of 501
W/h)

8

No.

8

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Product
Waste/
recycling waste/
recycling
stage
informatio conditionsnRequirements

1. Assumptions(1) Waste generated by consumers
Treated as municipal solid waste (MSW), or paper cartons andpackaging, or paper beverage cartons for recycling.
(2) Waste generated by paper stock manufacturing plants andfilling plants
Treated as industrial waste or recycled.
(3) Data applying to each part of scenario
Use data released by the Environment Ministry every July.
(4) Factor in deductions achieved by recycling as deductions
which substitute chemical pulp.
Using these assumptions, include these factors according to theapproach in items 1 through 4 of the recycling scenario in
Appendix 4.
2. Definitions of product and part recovery rates, and their
specification method(1) Sealed paper cartons that require refrigeration, and(2) Sealed paper cartons requiring refrigeration for school
lunches
Use the data from the most recent version of “Basic Study on the
Present State of and Trends in the Recycling of Paper BeverageContainers,” issued by the Committee for Milk Container
Environmental Issues.
(3) Cartons that can be kept at room temperature
Assume that all cartons are discarded if the anticipated recycling
rate is below 10%.
(4) Paper cups
Assume that all paper cups are discarded if the anticipatedrecycling rate is below 10%.
3. Open recycling and reuse
When open recycling and reuse are included
Each company can calculate these categories by creating
scenarios considered appropriate, and while taking careful noteof the following items. The soundness of scenario bases issubject to verification.
(1) Processes regarded within the scope of “indirect effects”(2) Deductions and impacts within the scope of “indirect effects”

9

No.

9

10

Major
key
Product
Environm
ental
InformationDisclosure Sheet(PEIDS)

Minor
key

Class

Items in LCI
common calculation
formulaandinventory
analysis

Requirements• Impact of PE and AI lamination processes is the amount ofelectric power used.
• Use the EcoLeaf common intensities to calculate impact ofoperating refrigerated trucks.
Use 101 (diesel fuel), 103 (gasoline), 111(diesel) and calculate
from amount of fuel used.

Impactanalysis

Additional
impactcategory

Allocation
Breakdo Data
wn data processin ruleg
11 sheet(PDS-related)
Coverage12
Datacollection

Nothing in particular.

Not unified; each company decides as it sees fit.

1. Coverage ratio
Collect data covering at least 60% of the total production of the
products concerned.
However, this does not necessarily apply when purchased pulp
is less than 60%.
2. Time period
Use average of actual data for a year (especially energy data).
3. Treatment of new products
When data are unobtainable because products are new or forother reasons, it is permissible to substitute data (including
intensities) that include the conditions used in designing orplanning. However, data must be updated when new annual
data have been confirmed.

10

No.

Major
key

13

Minor
key

Class

Cut-off
rules

Requirements

1. Items to which cut-off rules do not apply
Parts and materials that are responsible for the carton’s primaryfunctions.
2. Items to which cut-off rules apply (processes, parts, materials
consumed and emitted, etc.)
None specified.
3. Reference value (limit that makes cut-off possible)
Under 1%.
4. Index
Percentage of accounted for by product mass (empty carton).

14 Breakdo
wn datasheet(PEIDSrelated)

CommonIntensity
selection

Material name: Number and name (of applicable EcoLeaf common
intensity)
1. Aluminum plate manufacturing: 08
2. Processing into aluminum sheet: 86
3. LDPE pellet manufacturing: 27
4. 10-ton refrigerated truck: 93 (3% increase over 10-ton truck)
5. 2-ton refrigerated truck: 91 (5% increase over 2-ton truck)
6. 2-ton insulated truck: 91 (5% increase over 2-ton truck)
Note: Items 4, 5, and 6 are based on interviews with refrigerated
truck makers.

15

Intensity
addition

16

Addition of None.
characteriz
ation factor

11

None.

No.

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Requirements

Provisions 1. Product name17 Product Productenvironm specificati on productspecificatio 2. Application (choose from among the following)on
ental
n entries
aspects
declaratio(1) Sealed paper cartons for room-temperature distributionn (PEAD)(2) Sealed paper cartons that require refrigeration(3) Sealed paper cartons requiring refrigeration for school
lunches(4) Paper cups
3. Carton capacity

12

No.

18

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Section E Data
disclosure

Requirements

1. Required items
Required are the following items, as designated by 3.2.5(1) of
the guidelines.
• Global warming impact (CO2 equivalent in kg)• Acidification impact (SO2 equivalent in kg)• Energy consumption (MJ)
2. Optional items
Not prescribed. Each company should choose appropriatelyfrom among those below, which are from the 7 optional items
given in 3.2.5(1) of the guidelines.
• Ozone layer depletion (CFC-11 equivalent in kg)• Eutrophication (PO4 equivalent in kg)• Energy resources (crude oil equivalent in kg)• Mineral resources (iron ore equivalent in kg)• Soil waste (kg)3. Notes: Add the following as standard notes.
(1) “Environmental impacts specified by this label do not include
impacts related to manufacture of the carton contents.”(2) “Energy for operating dedicated filling equipment used in thefilling process, which is part of the beverage production system,
is included.”(3) “The environmental impact of the paper stock manufacturing
process is included in accordance with X.”
For “X” substitute the name of one of the 2 methods (given
below) specified in item 4-2-(2)-A.”• Past data
• LCI data for “paper” provided by the Japan Paper Association.
(4) “Refrigeration energy used in the distribution and usage
stages is included only when in the case of “cartons requiring
refrigeration,” which by law must be refrigerated.
4. Method of representation
Follow these instructions if graphs are used.
(1) It is recommended that bar graphs are used to show the
global warming impact for each stage.
(2) When open recycling and reuse are included:• “Recycling effectiveness” of each stage is expressed by adotted line independent of and not integrated into actual
impact.
• Write the recycling effectiveness breakdown in the margin.

13

No.

19

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Provisions
Other
environm on entries
entrelated
information(optional
items)

Requirements

Information whose factualness can be confirmed by a third party
1. Type I and Type III environmental labels obtained
2. Acquisition of ISO 14001 certification
3. Certificates, approvals, or awards from national or industry
organizations
Information showing initiatives on design for the environment
4. Use of eco-friendly materials
Names of materials and where they are used in products are
specified. Divide materials into those which are required
and optional.

Cautions on display of an EcoLeaf logo on the product
When placing the EcoLeaf logo on a beverage carton, the clarifying statement “Carton LCA information is available
to the public” is put near the logo to indicate that environmental information released under the EcoLeaf program
does not include the beverage itself. The container may also display the company name, logo, or other informationthat identifies who has released the carton information.

14紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

2004.07.01 制定

Appendix 1 Determining the Environmental Impact of Manufacturing Stock for Paper
Beverage Cartons(This appendix is excerpted and customized from the needed parts of the Japan Paper
Association’s “Paper/Paperboard Product-Specific Criteria,” October 29, 2002
version.)Target productOne ton (weight of transaction) of paper stock.
Note: Observe the following qualifiers for packaging and packing materials (packaging
paper, plastic sheets, chipboard, etc.):• Reused items are exempted (pallets, paper tubes, etc.).
• Labels are exempted (cut-off applies).

Affected stages
Afforestation, chipping, transport, pulping, papermaking, shipping to user

Data collected
Raw materials used: Logs, chips, purchased pulp, etc.
Mineral resources: Quicklime, limestone, fillers, pigments, etc.
Inorganic chemicals: Caustic soda, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, silicate of soda,
aluminum sulfate, chlorine, chlorate, sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen,etc.
Organic substances and chemicals: Starch, latex, etc. Give equivalent in terms of
100% purity.
(Note: The product data sheet may give the total of the above chemicals usedinstead of showing the amount of each chemical.)
Water resources used: Industrial water supply (t), river water (t), groundwater (t), tapwater (t)

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紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

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Transport of raw materials• Chips: Japan Paper Association study data may be used for afforestation andlogging.
• Calculate marine transport according to actual circumstances.
• As background data of transportation, Japan Paper Association data may be
used to estimate emissions corresponding to unit of transport distance.
• Impact of raw material transport is excluded from calculation if included in goods
delivered.
Energy used: Purchased power (kWh), purchased steam (eq t), crude oil (kL),
fuel oil (kL), LNG (t), LPG (t), diesel fuel (kL), kerosene (kL), gasoline (kL), coal (t),petroleum coke (t), town gas (1,000 m3), natural gas (1,000 m3), wood waste (t), oldtires (t), RPF (recycle plastic fuel / refused paper and plastic fuel ?) (t), etc.
Notes
1.

Purchased steam is the standard steam equivalent of 2,675 MJ/t (639kcal/kg).

2.

Other energy resources included are expressed as crude oil equivalent.

3.

If power is sold, deduct the corresponding fuel and CO2.

4.

Black liquor is counted as the raw material chips, so is not included here.

Atmospheric emissions• Conform to items covered by LCI public data study (3 items: NOx, SOx,
particulates)• CO2 is calculated from fuel (use coefficient in enforcement order of Environment
Ministry law), but CO2 from biomass and waste fuels is not included (RPF plastic
and old tires are excluded from biomass).
• Include methane and N2O that are from combustion and the landfilling of organic
sludge (use coefficient in enforcement order of Environment Ministry law).
Note: According to “Greenhouse Gas Emissions by the Papermaking Industry(2000, CO2 equivalent),” a study by the Japan Paper Association, theproportions of methane and N2O in greenhouse gases are small and CO2
accounts for at least 98.3%. Therefore, an expanded estimate may be obtainedfor greenhouse gas amount by dividing CO2 by 0.983 (note if you have donethis).

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コメント [rf1]: Although thisusually means coal gas, it is arather broad term that sometimes
even includes natural gas.

紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

2004.07.01 制定

Water emissions
Conform to items covered by LCI public data study (5 items: BOD [rivers], COD[marine areas], SS, T-P, and T-N).
Waste
Total of emissions is final disposal amount (landfill). Write in heat recovery at yourdiscretion.
コメント [rf2]: Write out fully

Note: Material amount of process wastes is expressed in BDs. Changes are
possible depending on results from Working Group 2 of the LCA National
Project Inventory Research Group.
Byproducts
Sold power, etc. Use of waste is not considered a byproduct.
Primary hazardous chemicals
Include at your discretion. It is recommended that substance names and otherinformation be given in “Environmental-Related Qualitative Information.”

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紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

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Life Cycle Analysis
LCI calculation• Do not include CO2 emissions from biomass.
Allocation rule
• Allocate according to production volume when a factory produces 2 or moreproducts.
• Prioritize allocation to black liquor energy and environmental impact KP, andallocate the leftover portion to the papermaking process according to the KP
allocation ratio.

コメント [rf3]: I suggest writing
this out fully. (=Kraft pulp?)
Depending on the meaning of thisabbreviation the sentence may need
to be revised.

• To determine cogeneration heat value, allocate steam produced with electric
power at 3,600 MJ/MWh (860 kcal/kWh) and steam at 2,675 MJ/t (639 kcal/kg),
while incorporating boiler efficiency.
Data collection coverage• Collect data from product-related sites and processes.
コメント [rf4]: It might be a goodidea to note what is stable here.
Plant operations, etc.

• Collect data at stable times.
• Use annual averages for data that feature seasonal variations.
• Data common to multiple sites is converted to data per unit production.
Cut-off rule: Items subject to cut-off• Raw materials which account for under 1.0% of product weight• Materials used in weights of under 10 kg when producing 1 ton of product
Explicitly state reason when applying the cut-off rule to any other material.
Common intensity selection
Bundle and calculate inorganic chemicals, organic substances, and organic chemicals
using EcoLeaf common intensity No. 24, “sodium hydroxide.”
PSC intensity addition
Data from Japan Paper Association label research group study (afforestation, chips,
etc.)
Use the data obtained in studies by the Japan Paper Association when necessary.

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紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

2004.07.01 制定

Appendix 2 Paper LCI Data Provided by the Japan Paper Association(Use the data in the “Intensity” column of the table. “Maximum” and “Minimum”
values are for reference.)

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紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

2004.07.01 制定

July 1, 2004
Input Report (for paper production plants)
Additions and revisions made on October 29, 2002
Input items
Energy/water

Code

Unit

Gasoline,kerosene,
diesel fuel
Fuel oil(mainly fueloil C, some
fuel oil A)
LPG
Petroleum
coke
Crude oil
Coal
LNG
Natural gas
Town gas
Demolition
waste
Purchased
electricity
Purchased
steam
Water (fresh
water)
Afforestation
to chipping
fertilizer,pesticides
Diesel fuelElectricity
Marinetransport ofchips fuel

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Intensity

Maximum Minimum

紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

2004.07.01 制定

oil C
Raw
materials
Wood chips
Roundwood
Waste paper(including
pulpedwaste
paper)
Pulp
Mineralresourcesandpigments
Quicklime
Limestone(including
slaked lime)
CalciumcarbonateWhite
carbonTalc, clay,
kaolinInorganic
chemicals
Caustic
soda
Sulfuric acid
Hydrochloricacid
Liquidchlorine(Cl2)
Sodiumhypochlorite(NaClO)
Chlorate(NaClO3)
Hydrogen

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紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

2004.07.01 制定

peroxide(H2O2)
Oxygen (O2)
Sodiumsilicate
Aluminum
sulfateOrganic
substancesandchemicals
StarchSizingagents
SBR latex**Styrene-butadiene rubber(For paper production plants) Output Report
Output items
Main products

Code
Paper

Environmental
Impact(Globalwarming)
CO2
CH4
N2O
HPC, PFCs,
SF6
Afforestation tochipping — CO2
Marinetransport ofchips — CO2(Air pollution)
NOx
SOx
Particulates

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Unit

Intensity Maximum Minimum

紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

2004.07.01 制定

Afforestation tochipping —NOx
SOx
Marinetransport ofchips — NOx
SOx(Waterpollution)
BOD (rivers)
COD (marine
areas)SS
T-P
T-N(Waste)Landfilledwaste (organicand inorganic)
Amountreclaimed (forrecycling)

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紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

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Appendix 3-1 Life Cycle Scenario
1. Sealed paper cartons for room-temperature distribution and storage
1
Materials
Impact of obtaining and manufacturing materials
2
Manufacturing (cartons)
Carton manufacturing impact
3
Transport (cartons)
Carton transport impact
4
Manufacturing (food)Beverage filling impact
5
Transport (final product)
Product transport impact
6
Usage
7
Disposal
Recovery and discarding impact
Recovery and recycling impact, and deduction
8
Stock mfg
Log transport
Afforestation, logging
9
Transport
10 Making Al sheet
11 Resource extraction > Al plate mfg
13 Making PE sheet
14 Resource extraction > pellet mfg
15 Carton material mfg (rolls, reels, blanks, etc.)
Printing
Lamination
Rolling
Packing
16 Transport
Means
Loading ratio
Distance
17 Food and beverage manufacturing
This part not included here.
18 Filling
Cartoning
Energy19 Diagram key
Directly determine environmental impact and include.
Find and include environmental impact using given EcoLeaf common
intensity number to calculate from mass data.
Specify scenario with PSC and include impact.
20 Scenario for factoring in product transport-related impact(1) Beverage plant to warehouse
Means: 10-ton truck (transport at room temperature by non-refrigerated
truck)

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紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

21

22

2004.07.01 制定

Distance: 150 km one way
Note: Empty truck plus pallets and cases for return trip
(2) Warehouse to supermarket (outbound trip only)
Means: 2-ton truck (transport at room temperature by non-refrigerated
truck)
Distance: 28 km one way
Product transport
Means
Loading ratio
Distance
EnergyDisposal
Recycling
Resources
EnergyEmissions
Deduction

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紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

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Appendix 3-2 Life Cycle Scenario
2. Sealed paper cartons that require refrigeration
1
Materials
Impact of obtaining and manufacturing materials
2
Manufacturing (cartons)
Carton manufacturing impact
3
Transport (cartons)
Carton transport impact
4
Manufacturing (food)Beverage filling impact
5
Transport (final product)
Product transport impact
6
Usage
Storage impact
7
Disposal
Recovery and discarding impact
Recovery and recycling impact, and deduction
8
Stock mfg
Log transport
Afforestation, logging
9
Transport
10 Making PE sheet
11 Resource extraction > pellet mfg
12 Carton material mfg (rolls, reels, blanks, etc.)
Printing
Lamination
Creasing/cutting
Packing
13 Transport
Means
Loading ratio
Distance
14 Food and beverage manufacturing
This part not included here.
15 Diagram key
Directly determine environmental impact and include.
Find and include environmental impact using given EcoLeaf common
intensity number to calculate from mass data.
Specify scenario with PSC and include impact.
16 Scenario for factoring in product transport-related impact(1) Beverage plant to warehouse
Means (outbound): 10-ton refrigerated truck, temperature set at 4°C
Means (return): 10-ton truck (transport at room temperature by
non-refrigerated truck)
Distance: 150 km one way
Note: Empty truck plus pallets and cases for return trip
(2) Warehouse to supermarket (outbound trip only)

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Means: 2-ton refrigerated truck, temperature set at 4°C
Distance: 28 km one way
Scenario for calculation of refrigeration impact
Based on design specifications, use the following formula to determine
environmental impact of refrigerated stocking in a store.
Formula: [(power consumption x 24 h) ÷ 50% operation) ÷ (effective
volume ÷ 2)** The coefficient 2 is based on the empirical rule that the display amountassuming 1-liter gabletop cartons is half the effective volume of arefrigerated display case.
Assumptions
Refrigeration period: 3 days
Temperature: 5°C
Refrigerated display case is made by Fuji Electric, which has the largest
market share. Multi-shelf type with effective volume of 1,627 liters andpower consumption of 423 W/h.
Filling
Cartoning
EnergyRefrigeration
Product transport
Means
Loading ratio
Distance
Refrigeration energy
Usage
Refrigeration energy
Disposal
Recycling
Resources
EnergyEmissions
Deduction

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コメント [rf5]: This is shown as*** in the Japanese version.

紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

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Appendix 3-3 Life Cycle Scenario
3. Sealed paper cartons requiring refrigeration for school lunches
1
Materials
Impact of obtaining and manufacturing materials
2
Manufacturing (cartons)
Carton manufacturing impact
3
Transport (cartons)
Carton transport impact
4
Manufacturing (food)Beverage filling impact
5
Transport (final product)
Product transport impact
6
Usage
Storage impact
7
Disposal
Recovery and discarding impact
Recovery and recycling impact, and deduction
8
Stock mfg
Log transport
Afforestation, logging
9
Transport
10 Resource extraction > pellet mfg
11 Carton material mfg (including small gabletop cartons)
Printing
Lamination
Rolling
Packing
12 Reel transport
Means
Loading ratio
Distance
13 Scenario for factoring in product transport-related impact
Means: 2-ton insulated truck
40 km one way (deliveries to 4 schools), adding 40 km for return trip.
14 Food and beverage manufacturing
This part not included here.
15 Diagram key
Directly determine environmental impact and include.
Find and include environmental impact using given EcoLeaf common
intensity number to calculate from mass data.
Specify scenario with PSC and include impact.
16 Scenario for calculation of refrigeration impact
Based on design specifications, use the following formula to determine
environmental impact of refrigerated storage in a school.
Formula: [(501 W/h x 24 h) ÷ 50% operation] ÷ (effective area ÷ 2*)(* The coefficient 2 is based on the empirical rule that school lunch milk
occupies half the effective volume of a refrigerated display case.)

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Assumptions
1,200 students
Refrigeration period: one day
Temperature: 5°C
Refrigerated display case is a Matsushita Electric NS-K661R1 (effective
volume 1,635 liters and power consumption of 501 W/h).
Filling
Cartoning
EnergyRefrigeration
Transport
Means
Loading ratio
Distance
Refrigeration energy
Usage (school)
Refrigeration energy
Disposal
Recycling
Resources
EnergyEmissions
Deduction

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紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

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Appendix 3-4 Life Cycle Scenario
4. Paper cups
1
Materials
Impact of obtaining and manufacturing materials
2
Manufacturing (cartons)
Carton manufacturing impact
3
Transport (final product)
Product transport impact
4
Usage
5
Disposal
Recovery and discarding impact
Recovery and recycling impact, and deduction
6
Stock mfg
Log transport
Afforestation, logging
7
Transport
8
Making PE sheets
9
Resource extraction > pellet mfg
10 Paper cup mfg
Printing
Lamination
Packing
11 Cup transport
Means
Loading ratio
Distance
12 Food and beverage manufacturing
This part not included here.
13 Scenario for factoring in product transport-related impact
Means: 10-ton truck
Distance: 250 km one way
Load: 9-oz paper cups: 10-ton truck carrying 450 cases each with 2,500
paper cups
7-oz paper cups: 10-ton truck carrying 500 cases each with 2,000 paper
cups
14 Diagram key
Directly determine environmental impact and include.
Find and include environmental impact using given EcoLeaf common
intensity number to calculate from mass data.
Specify scenario with PSC and include impact.
15 Filling
16 Disposal
Recycling
Resources
EnergyEmissions
Deduction

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紙製飲料容器PSC (BD-01)

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Appendix 4-1 Recycling Scenario 1 Consumer/Paper Beverage Cartons
July 1, 2004
1
Post-consumer products
2
Recycle?
3
Use values released by industry.
4
Separate collection by mass retailers, municipalities, etc.
5Managed as municipal solid waste (MSW)6
Recyclable?
7
No
8
Yes
9
Waste paper collectors and wholesalers
10 Managed as industrial waste
11 Combustible?
12 No
13 Yes14 MSW incineration (waste burned and ashes landfilled)
15 MSW landfilled
16 Recycling plant
17 Products made with recycled materials (deduction)

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Appendix 4-2 Recycling Scenario 2 Consumer/Paper Containers andPackaging under the Container and Packaging Waste Recycling Law
1
Post-consumer products
2
Recycle?
3
Use values released by industry.
4
Separate collection by municipalities
5
Managed as municipal solid waste (MSW)
6
Separation criteria met?
7
No
8
Noncombustible
9Yes
10 Recycled by recovery and recycling plants under Japan Containers andPackaging Recycling Association
11 Managed as industrial waste
12 MSW incineration (waste burned and ashes landfilled)
13 MSW landfilled
14 Products made with recycled materials (deduction)

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Appendix 4-3 Recycling Scenario 3 Cartons for School Lunches/Paper
Beverage Cartons
July 1, 2004
1
Post-consumer products
2
Recover?
3
Use values released by industry.
4
Back to dairy plant
5
Managed as municipal solid waste (MSW)6
Recycle?
7
Waste paper collectors and wholesalers
8Managed as industrial waste
9Combustible?
10 No
11 Yes12 MSW incineration (waste burned and ashes landfilled)
13 MSW landfilled
14 Recycling plant
15 Products made with recycled materials (deduction)

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Appendix 4-4 Paper Cup Recycling Scenario
July 1, 2004
1
Post-consumer products
2
There are currently no industry-released values.
3
Recover?
4
Managed as municipal solid waste (MSW
5
Combustible?
6
Yes
7
No
8
MSW incineration (waste burned and ashes landfilled)
9MSW landfilled

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