APPLICATION INFORMATION
ADDITIVES FOR PUTTIESTS-A 5

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Additives for putties

Contents
03 Introduction
04 Additives for putties
06 Polyester putties
09 Putties based on epoxy resin

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Introduction
Putties based on polyester and epoxy resins are widely used all around theworld. There are many different kinds of putty, such as common car repair
putty, reinforced putty, spray putty and casting putties. Other putties may
be used to repair marine components such as yachts or improve the finishof stone or concrete surfaces.
The wide range of putties also leads to different requirements concerning
properties and quality of the material. But most types of putties have basic
requirements in common, such as:• Proper application consistency• Fast curing and easy sanding• Adhesion to substrate• Good storage stability• Reduced air entrapments

For additional information
on additives and technical
topics please contact us:
Thermosets.BYK@altana.com

Note
To ensure the best appearance
and full functionality, please
open in Adobe Acrobat.

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Additives for putties

Additives for putties
Proper application consistency
The compound is usually applied with a putty knife. In orderfor the putty to be distributed quickly and evenly on asurface, it must have a special, smooth texture that issometimes referred to as butter-like consistency. Thisconsistency is what facilitates a uniform surface without
craters and holes.

Fast curing and easy sanding
After curing, the putty is sanded. This can be done manuallyor with a grinding machine. Dry grinding is more common,but wet grinding is also possible under conditions where thewater will evaporate fast enough. To minimize labor time,
curing should be short and grinding should be as easy as
possible.

Besides the filler, wetting and dispersing additives andthixotropic agents have a strong influence on this viscosity.

Preferred choice for
UP resins: BYK-W 966, BYK-W 969, BYK-W 980
EP resins: BYK-9076, BYK-W 969, BYK-W 980

Preferred choice of:
Wetting and dispersing additives for UP and EP:
BYK-W 966, BYK-W 980
Rheology additives for UP:
CLAYTONE-AF, CLAYTONE-APA, GARAMITE-1958,
RHEOBYK-100 and RHEOBYK-7590
Rheology additives for EP:
GARAMITE-7305 in combination with RHEOBYK-R 607

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Additives for putties

Adhesion to substrate
One of the most important properties of a putty is excellent
adhesion to the substrate. Putties must still adhere perfectly,
even when exposed to elevated temperatures to smooth
substrates such as steel. In contrast to some other productson the market, BYK additives are designed to have nonegative impact on the adhesion of the putty to the surface.
None of the recommended wetting and dispersing
additives reduce adhesion.

Good storage stability
Storage stability of the putty itself ultimately has to matchthe operator’s expectations. This means that the putty
should not cure during storage before it can even be used,
and the resin should not separate out on top of thecompound (requiring it to be remixed before use).

Reduced air entrapments
Many air bubbles are incorporated into the compound
while the putty is being mixed. A vacuum is often used toreduce the amount of entrapped air. Air release additives
will help to reduce the incorporation of air during mixing
and minimize the time for the vacuum treatment.

Preferred choice for
UP resins: BYK-W 966, BYK-W 980
EP resins: BYK-W 940, ANTI-TERRA-204

Preferred choice for
UP resins: BYK-A 515, BYK-A 555
EP resins: BYK-A 501, BYK-A 530

poor

poor

goodgood

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Additives for putties

Polyester putties
Most putties are based on unsaturated polyester resins as
they combine the required properties with economicallyfavorable costs.

From an additive perspective, the main focus in putties ison wetting and dispersing additives. These additives absorb
onto the filler surface and minimize the interaction between
the polar filler particles. This process reduces viscosity andprovides an opportunity to increase filler load.

Increasing the filler load in the formulation produces a putty
with reduced abrasion resistance, which means bettersandability. At the same time, these additives also make iteasier to incorporate the filler into the resin and shorten
the production time.

Putty with BYK-W 969
Filler particles are covered with a layerof monofunctional additive:• Easy filler incorporation• Much lower viscosity• 12 % higher filler load
• Very good sandability(not recommended forcobalt-accelerated systems)

Putty with BYK-W 966 or BYK-W 980
Filler particles are covered with a layerof bifunctional additive:• Easy filler incorporation• Lower viscosity• 6 % higher filler load
• Improved sandability• No resin separation during storage

Effect of wetting and dispersing additives

Putty without additive
Strong interaction between filler particles:• Difficult filler incorporation• High viscosity• Poor sandability• Resin separation during storage

G. 01

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Additives for putties

Selecting a wetting and dispersing additive for polyester putty

Putty

Cobalt as
accelerator?

Yes

Best performance

BYK-W 980

Best cost/performance ratio

BYK-W 966

Yes

No

Separation
reductionrequired?

No

BYK-W 969

G. 02

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Additives for putties

Typical starting formulation of a polyester-based putty
Component

Type

Amount in g

UP resin

Resin

100

BYK-W 966

Wetting and dispersing additive

2

RHEOBYK-100

Castor oil derived thixotrope

1

CLAYTONE-AF

Organoclay-based thixotrope

3Talc 1 (20 µm)

Filler70

Talc 2 (30 µm)

Filler70

Calcium carbonate (10 µm)

Filler65

Titanium dioxide

Pigment5T. 01

Additives for polyester putties
ProductProduct typeRemarks

DosageBYK-A 555

Strong defoamer for any kind of putty where low amount of entrapped air is required or time forvacuum deaeration should be as short as possible

Universal air release additive

0.2–1 % b.o.r.

BYK-W 966

Bifunctional wetting and dispersing additive with anti-separation properties (up to 5 % more filler possible)

Good cost/performance ratio

0.5 –1.5 % b.o.f.

BYK-W 969

Monofunctional wetting and dispersing additive with strongest performance concerning increase of filler load
(12 % more filler possible)

Not recommended forcobalt-accelerated systems

0.5 –1.5 % b.o.f.

BYK-W 980

Strong bifunctional wetting and dispersing additive with anti-separation properties (up to 6 % more filler possible)

High content of active material

0.5 –1.5 % b.o.f.

CLAYTONE-AF

Solid thixotrope, maximum performance organophilic bentonite

No impact on adhesion

1– 5 % b.o.r.

CLAYTONE-APA

Solid thixotrope, organophilic bentonite

No impact on adhesion

1– 5 % b.o.r.

GARAMITE-1958

Solid thixotrope based on Mixed Mineral Technology (MMT)No impact on adhesion, does not require
high shear forces during incorporation

1– 5 % b.o.r.

RHEOBYK-100

Castor oil derived thixotrope

Activation required at 45–55 °C

0.5 –1.5 % b.o.r.

RHEOBYK-7590

Castor oil derived thixotrope

Activation required at 45–50 °C

0.5 –1.5 % b.o.r.

b.o.f. = based on filler   b.o.r. = based on resin

T. 02

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Additives for putties

Putties based on epoxy resin
Whenever UP resin characteristics such as mechanical orchemical properties are not sufficient, epoxy resins are thepreferred choice for producing an appropriate putty.
The basic requirements are very similar to UP putty, but thetype of suitable products does differ from polyester putty.

Additives for epoxy putties
ProductProduct type

Remarks

DosageANTI-TERRA-204

Multifunctional wetting and dispersing additives with strong anti-sedimentation properties

Usually no viscosity reduction

0.5–1.5 % b.o.f.

BYK-9076

Monofunctional wetting and dispersing additives with strong performance concerning increase of filler load

Very strong performance

0.5–1.5 % b.o.f.

BYK-A 501

Polymeric defoamer for epoxy systems

Alternative to BYK-A 530

0.2–1 % b.o.r.

BYK-A 530

Strong universal defoamer for epoxy systems

Best performance in most epoxy systems

0.2–1 % b.o.r.

BYK-W 940

Multifunctional wetting and dispersing additives with strong anti-sedimentation properties

Usually no viscosity reduction

0.5–1.5 % b.o.f.

BYK-W 966

Bifunctional wetting and dispersing additive with anti-separation properties. Filler increase possible.

Good cost /performance ratio

0.5–1.5 % b.o.f.

BYK-W 980

Strong bifunctional wetting and dispersing additive with anti-separation properties. Filler increase possible.

High content of active material

0.5–1.5 % b.o.f.

BYK-W 985

Monofunctional wetting and dispersing additives with strong performance concerning increase of filler load

Very strong performance

0.5–1.5 % b.o.f.

GARAMITE-7305

Solid thixotrope based on Mixed Mineral Technology (MMT)No impact on adhesion

1–5 % b.o.r.

RHEOBYK-R 607

Thixotropic booster in conjunction with hydrophilic fumed silica or clay based additives

To be used in the hardener

20 – 80 % based on
thixotropic agent,depending on the hardenerb.o.f. = based on filler   b.o.r. = based on resin

T. 03

06/2022
TS-A 5BYK-Chemie GmbH
Abelstraße 4546483 Wesel
GermanyTel +49 281 670-0
Fax +49 281 65735

ADD-MAX®, ADD-VANCE®, ANTI-TERRA®, AQUACER®, AQUAMAT®, AQUATIX®, BENTOLITE®, BYK®, BYK-AQUAGEL®, BYK®-DYNWET®, BYK-MAX®,
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and VISCOBYK® are registered trademarks of the BYK group.

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The information herein is based on our present knowledge and experience. The information merely describes the properties of our products but noguarantee of properties in the legal sense shall be implied. We recommend testing our products as to their suitability for your envisaged purpose prior touse. No warranties of any kind, either express or implied, including warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, are made regarding
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