２９TheHistoryandTrendofEEResearchinChina
QingTIAN

EnvironmentalEducationCenter､BeijingNormalUniversity,ＰＲＣｈｉｎｎ
ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

AfterthecontentsofthcacademicpａｐｅｒｓｉＩ１ＥＥｆｒｏｍｌ９７９ｉｎＣｈｉｎａａｒｅａｎaIyzedandthepaper

numbersnremadequaIltitystatisticthelactthatEEresearcI］ｂｅＲａｎｈ()ｔｔｅｒａｎｄｈ⑥tterinChina
afterl994isdiscovcred、Andfrom2000theconteIllsandresearchmethodmentioncdinsome
acadeｍｉｃｐａｐｅｒｓｉｎＥＥinChinadisclosethetrendofEEtransbrmin円ｔｏｔｈｅｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＥＳＤＩｔｉｓ

ｆｒｏｍ２００４ｔｈａｌｔｈｅｔｒｅｎｄｏｆＥＥｔｏＥＳＤｉｓｄｉｓｃｌｏｓｅｄｂｙｔｈｅｆｉｌｃｔｔｈａｔｔｈｅｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆＥＥａｃademic

paperisdecreasingandESDI〕apernumbcrisincreasin円inChina､InmoslofthescacademicpapersthesignificanceofEEandintroducti〔)nｏｆＥＥｉｎ（)thercountriesarctheirresearchcontents・ＴＩle
methodsmenIionedinthesepaperscorrespondingwitlllhemainstreameducationresearchmelIlods
meansthatEEissensitivetomainstreameducationandcanrespondloitinｔｉｍｅ,ButmostresearchmethodusedintheseacademicpapersissinglemetaphysicsmethodPosilivismresearchmethodaI】dhumanisticquaIityresearchmethodareinsufficient,Ｔｈｅａｎｍｌｙｓｉｓｔｏｔｈｅ&luthorsoftheI〕apers

discIoseslhatthercsearcIlernumberisunstablefbrthereasonofresearchfundsllorta座c,whichis
alsothereas(DnfbrlheabsenceofpositivismresearchandbumanisticqualilyresearcｈｉｎＥＥｉｎ
Ｃｂｉｌｌａ．

Keywords:EnvironmentalEducatioXLAcademicpaper,Quantimtiveslatistic･SustainableDevel()pｍｅｎｔ
Ｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｒｏｌｅｓ()facademicpaperistoreHectthedevelopmenthistoryandtrendofaresearch

areaquickly、lnthispaperthehistoryaIldtrendofEEresearchwillbediscoveredafterlhe
numbersandcontcntsoItheacademicpapersinEEfroml979beinganalyzediIlChina．
TllcNumbersDfAcademicPapersillEEinCllinaAnalyzed

ＴｈｅｓｔａｒｔｉｎＨｐｏｉｎｔ（)ｆＥＥｉｎｍｏｄｅｒｎｍｃａｎｉｎｇｗａｓｉｎｌ９７３ｉｎＣｈｉＩｌａｉｎＨｕｅｎｃｅｄｂｙＩＩｕｍａｎ

Ｅ１ｗｉｒonmentConlCrenceinl972inStockh０１ｍ．Takin熈鰔VerbatimRecordDataBaseofAcademic
joumalinChina薫（2006)asinR)rmationsourceandusing￣EnvironmeI11alEduca1ion職askevword
4257papersaresearchedfroml979､Aflertherepeatedpapers,booksaleinfbrmatiDnandadvertiscs
beingpickedoutthereare3831aｃａｄｅｍｉｃｐａｐｅｒｓｉｎＥＥｉｎＣｈｉｎａｆｒｏｍｌ９79．Thedistributionol
academicpaperｓｉｎｅａｃｈｙｅａｒｆroml979isillustratediIIfigurｅｌ．

Duringlheperiodofl979-1993themaximumnumberofacademicpaperiｓ２５ｉｎｌ９９３(FiHurc2)．
Thereisonlylpaperinl979・l981andl985sepnrately・Notmorethan5paperseveryyeardurinHl979-l988and］Opapersdurinlgl989-1992，ThereasonfOrpapersllortalRｅｉｎｔＩｌｉｓｐｅｒｉｏｄｉｓｌＩ１ａｔ
ｐｅｏｐＩｅｉｎＣｈｉｎａｐａｙａⅡattentionstoecon(〕micdevelopmentalthattime・ＴｈｅｒｅｉｓｏｎｌｙａｓｍａⅡI)umberofresearchcrsconcernin悪aboulEEinuniversity・institule（)rNalionalEnvironmentaI
ProtectionBureau．

TheannualnumberofacademicpaperｉｎＥＥｉｓｍｏｒｅｌｈａｎｌＯＯａｆｔｅｒｌ９９４(FiRurel).Ｆｒｏｍｌｈｅｎ()ntheincreasingtrendinpapernumbersustainsfroml994to2000,Ｉｎｔｈｉｓｐｃｒｉｏｄｐｅ()plealloverChinaＥｌＶＶＩＲＯｉＶＭＥＮＴＡＬＥＤＵＣＡ７ＹＯＮＶＯＬ・l5ijVOL3

QｍｇＴＩ７Ｗ

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concernedaboutEEstepbystep､TheChinescEducationCommitteeatthattimerequiredschoolto

permeatcEEinvariedsubjectsandcarryoutEEinoutclassactivitiestime,whicharewrittenin

ChineseEducationSyllabusfOrPrimaryandMiddleSchooIs，AndthenthereareresponsestoEE
fromschools.ＩnthemeanUmetheenvironmentalissuesbrcakouttogetheratthattime,Peopleincitieshaveclearperceptiontothepollutionlikeairpollutionandrubbisbissue・PeasantsinviIIageaIsohaveperceptiontothechemicalpolIuti()n．ＡｌｌｋｉｎｄｓｏｆＥＥｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅａｎｄＮＧＯｉｎｅnvironment
appearedquickly.TherequirementIbrEEfrompeopleincreasedgreatly､Researchersinterestedin
EEalsoincreasedgreatly，ＭｏｓｔｏｆｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｃｒｉｎＥＥａｔｔｈａｔｔｉｍｅisinuniversity，instituteand
schools．

山山亡一ｍ』①Ｑ８ＵｌＥのロ８口」。』⑩□Ｅ己のニト

皿知仰汕汕、０’どfiP鰔鰊fi8,fisLeiS)ffP鍼鋏鼠鐵●ずfs8,Figurel,ＴｈｅｎumberdisInbutionofacademicpapersinEEduringl979-2005inChina
山山亡お、西、５０

巴①□且Ｕ－Ｅ⑩□８ｍ」。』①□Ｅ二こ①筐組dRP斜cN81/CNS>cRPcN8?cRPjS叙cN81cRPcFiYcNiﾚcＰ
Figure2Thenumbe｢distributionofacademicpapeIsiｎＥＥｄｕｒｉｎｇｌ９７９－１９９３ｉｎＣｈｉｎａ

ＥＭ/ＩＲＯ１ＶＭＥｌＶＴＡＬＥＤＵＣＡＴＪＯＮＶＯＬ・j5LMﾌﾋ３

T/ｌｅＨ応l｢)ｒｖａ"dTrelIdofEEResi巴arc/Ijl】Ｃﾉ】ﾉﾉ】ａ

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Ｆｒｏｍ２０００１(）２００２１hｅｎｕｍｂｃｒ（)facademicpapcrinEEkeepsstablc（FiHurel).ｌｎｔｈｉｓｐｅｒｉ()dpeopIearemorcandmorehmiliHlrｗｉｔｈＥＥＴｈｅｎｕｍｂｅｒｓｏｆｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｉｎEEandenvironmenlal
NGOsbcHanｔｏｋｅｅｐｓｔａｂＩｅＭ()ｓｔ〔)IrcscarchersareinuIuivcrsityoｒａｓｓｃｈ〔)()lslenchers、
TbelUumberofpapersincrcasesi112003（FiRurel）ThereasonsarcreseiIrcllers，responsestobo【bSusIainabIeDevelopmentEaｒｌｌｌＳｕｍｍｉｔｉｎＪｏｈｎｓｂｕｒｇｉｎ２００２ａｎｄChine§eMinisIrvof
EducationenactinlgEEguidelineandsyIIabuslbrscboo1s．
Ｆr()ｍ２００Ｊｌｔｏ２０()５ｔｈｅｎｕｍｂｅｒ()fpaperdecreases,Ｔｈｃｒｅｉｌｓｏｎｉｓｔｈａｔｓ()meresearchersbe円iｎＩ(〕

use鋒EducilIionibrSustainableDevelopmenrinsIead()flhewordofEE.ＳOIIlenumberofpaperill
EEdecrease：butthenumberofpKlperSinESDincreases．

TheContents(DfAcademicPapersinEEAnalyzedinchin孔
Ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｏｎｌｖ６３ｐａｐｅｒｓｉｎＥＥｂｃｌｉ》ｒｃｌ”2.Theconlenlsofthesepaper§include:lhesignific［lnceofEE､ｔｈｅ部rategyresealPchincarryingoutEEinschools(XiangIiJIANGl983)orexperiencesiI1
EEpracticesharing(RukanRFANG｣979:JiabinWUl980;XiangliJIANG､1983;ＬｉＺＨＡＮＧ１９９２).lｌ１ｅ
ｌｒｅｎｄｓｏｆＥＥｉｎ（)thercountries・ResearchingonthesilmificanceｏｆＥＥｅＩｎｐｈｉｌｓｉｓｖａｌｕｅｓｏｆＥＥｉＩ１ｅｃ()､Ｏｍｉ［andinchiIdren，sinteⅡi鷹cnccdevelopmentHltthHlttime、
Thereａｒｃ‘Ｉ６８ｐａｐｅｒｓｉｎＥＥｄｕｒｉＩＩｌＦｌ９９３－1996．ＴＩｌｃｃｏｎｔｃｎｔｓ〔)ｆｔｈｃｓｃｐａｐｅｒｓｉｎｃｌｕｄｃ：Ihc
significance（)ｆＥＥ､thetrendsofEEinolhercountries､tberesearchandexpericnce：sharinginEE
carried()ulinlhesubjects(〕ＩＣｈｃｍｉ瓢ry,BioIogyandGeolFraphy・researcI】（)、carryingoutEEin
variedschooIIeveIs（Nai-an､ＲＥＮ．’”3:).ResearchonIhesignMicanceofEEempI1asisthevaIuesol
EEinqualilyeducationfOrstudents（ＲｅｎＤＡ，199`l：WeiqiallgWANG、199`l：LanqingLI、1994；LanqingLLl995）
ThereHlre8I7paper：ｉｎＥＥｄｕｒｉｎＲｌ９９７－ｌ９９９、ＴＩｌｅｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓｏｆＩｈｃｓｅｐａｐｅｒｓｉｎｃｌｕｄｅ：lhe
si関nificance（)ｆＥＥ・thetrend：（)［EEinothercountries，ｌｌｌｅｍｅｔｈｏｄａｎｄｗａｙ（)fpermealiIlgEEin
variedsubjcct§&lI1doutclassacIivities・tI1einvesliRalioI1ofEEsituationillsch()()I&､thestrategyand
wayofcarryinlg()ｕｔＥＥｉｎｗｌｒｉｅｄ５ｃｈ()()Isvstems、ResearchonthesignificaIlceolEEincIude§ｌｈｅｖａｌｕｅｓ（)fEEinquaIityeducali()１１ｋ〕ｒstudents、theethicvalueofEEtbesigIlincanceofEEin
slewardship【lndsuslainabledevel〔)pｍｅｎｔ(LinkuiLIU・’997;ＷｅｎｈｕＹＥ,1998;ZhiyueGUl997)．
Ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅ２`ｌ８３ｐａｐｃｒｓｉｎＥＥ〔IurinlE【2000-2005．Ｔｌｌｅｃｏｎｌｅｎ[soflbesepIlpersinclude：lhc
significance（)ｆＥＥ,lhetrendso（ＥＥｉｎ（)lI1ercoun[ries・lhcrelationshipbelwecllEEandSustalinHlblc
DevelopmeI1Llhcmeｔｈｏｄａｎｄｗｉｌｙ（)fpermealillHEEinvaried＆ubjccts､Greensch()()LIhc
achievelnellts()ｆｖａｒｉｅｄＥＥｐｒ()jｅｃｔ鳥h(lrin間.EEillvaricdcducationlevels(〕rlieldslikeink)rmHlI
educatiol1/ｉＩ１ｃ(〕ｍｍｕｎｉｔｙ/inmin〔)rilynationalityarc&】/iIlmountaiIIare2l/inwesternChina/inuniversiIy・the§lrategyofresoMn鷹lheproblemsab()ｕｌＥＥｆａｃｉｎｇｉｎｈ)rmaleducationsystem・the
evaIuati()、（)ｆＥＥ､theinvestigation（)ｆＥＥｓｉｔｕａｔｉｏｎｉｎ畠chools・ｔｈｅｓｔｒａｔｅＲｙ５ＩｎｄｗａｗｏｆｃａｒryinRoul
EEinvariedschooIsvsIems・RcscarchonlhesigniHcanceofEEｅｍｐｈａｓｉｓＥＥａｓ()ｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｗａｙ＆【(）deveIopcitizen5lw51reness(XianHr()ｎｇＬＩＵ､2002;ＹｉＺＯＵ２００５).empha鳥isthcreIalionshipbelwecn

EEandSusl8linHlblcDevel()pmel】(.ｃ()ncerninIFaboutclwironmentale〔Iuilyandjustice(RanranXU
2005;QiyHlnSONG2005)andthcculturalvaIuesofEE(LiuIniIlgLU､2005;MinHhHliWU2005)．
Thercscarch（)fEErenecIedfr()mresearchconlelltsistransh)rminlgl(）ｃ()ncemaboutissll(Jsinsocialdimensi()nlikeenvimI1melllalequity・environmclIlaljusticeandpr()ｍ(〕lingsocialsuslainablc
devel()pmcnt．

ThcAuth【DrAnHllyzedandRese3lrchMeIhodMenIi(Dncd
intheAc8IdemicPapersAn8IlyｚｅｄｉｎＥＥｉｎＣｈｉｎａＩｎｔ１Ｉｅｌ)KII)ersfr()ｍｌ９７９ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｕｎ()rethe()ryrese8lrchcstI1anpractice葛ｒｅ爵earcIles、ＴＩｌｃｍｃｌｈ(〕。（)ftheoryrescardlis（)IlIymelapbysicsinm〔)sｔ（)fthesepnpcrs,PositivismresearchmethodandhumanislicqualilyresearchmethodwcreiIlsufficient，ＴｈｅｒｃａｓｏｎｆｏｒｔｈｉｓｉｓｔＩｌａ（ＥＡｒｌ７ＲＯＮＭＥ１ＶＴＡＬＥＤＵＣＷ７０Ａ？ｌＰＯＬＩａＮＯ３

３２

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researchfundisalwKIysshortagｅｉｎＥＥｉｎＣｈｉｎａ､This8hlsoresultsinlhenumberofresearchers

unstable・ThestalisticsI1owsthatmorethaｎ９５９ｂａｕｔｈｏｒｓｉｎ【ｈｅｓｅｐａｐｅｒｓａｒｅｔｈｅＨｒｓＩｔｉｍｅｔｏ
ｐｕｂＩishpaperinEEaIldneverpublishpaｐｅｒｉｎＥＥａ鷹ain、Ｎｏｔｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ５％auIhorsshowthat
thereisfundtosupporttheirresearch．Ｍ()5ｔ（)ｌｔｈｅｒｅ烏earchersbavetosupporttlleresearchthemselves・Ｔｈｅｒｅns()nfbrresearchlundshortaRcisbec【luseEEbelongsIoinlerdisGiplineinChina・

BothenvironmentHllscienceandeducationareadeIliesandignoresittogether・Thereisnospaceeitherinenvironmentalscienceoreducationare（'・ShortaReinresearcbfilndaHdunstablenumberof
researchcrsrestrKlimsthedevelopmentoftheacademｉｃＩｅｖｅｌｉｎＥＥＳｏｔｈｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｌｅｖｅｌｏｆＥＥｉｎ

ＣｈｉｎａｉｓｓｔｉｌｌＩｏｗｎ()ｗ・Theresearchme(b〔)dsmenIionedintheseHlcademicpapersinEEinclude:inquire-bKlsedlearning(ChenghanXU2005).fieldlrip(ZuqiangWU2001昨hcti()ｎresearch(ChengmuLIN､2005).Theways
fbrcarrying（)utEEmeIltionedinpapersinclude：〔)utclassaclivity、permeatinREEinmultidiscipline､themeresearchinHIKeminLIU2003).comprchensivepracticeactivity（Ｈon間yanWANG
2004:ZhonlmuiXU2003)andcommunilyserviCe(ChenHjinLL2005;GuanRyouXU2005:Jianhua
LIU2003)．

LookingfromthemelI1odsandwaysfbrEEc(lrried()ut・whicharementionedinthe目epapers,that
EEissensitivet()resp()nseIothemainstreameducaIi〔〕nHIImethodcanbeconcludedＣＯ)nclusi()ｎａｎｄＲｅｓｅ８１ｒｃＩＩＴｒｃｎｄＩＤｆＥＥｉｎｔｈeFuture

AccordingtothepapernumberofESDincreal:in閂andlhepapernumberofEEdecreasinＲｆｒｏｍ
２００４ｔｏ２００５ｔｈｅｔｒｅｎｄｏｆＥＥｔｒansfOrmingtothcdirecli(〕、()fESDisclearIy，Lookingfromthcresetlrchcontentinthesepal〕ersthethemesIikeenvironmentHllequityand

justicerelatemorecloselywithsocialdimensioI1.ｓ()EE1mnslt)rmin図toESDismoreclearly・
LookingfromlhemcthodsandwaysIbrEEcarricdout･whicharementionedinthesepapeIns・thalEEissensitivetor“ponsetothemainstrenmcducalionalmethod､Thatmeansitisreadyn)rEEto
tranSfOrmtothedireclionofESDinmethodoloNy．
ＳＣｉｔistheinevit【lblytrendh〕rEEtotranslbrminR（othedirectionolESDinChina、Bulabout
howtotranslbrmthereilrcstiⅡhugegapbelweenthe()ryaIldpracticeandmanyuncertaintiesfbr
researchersijlEEl()faceinthefuture．

Rekrences

ChenghanXU（2005）IIlquiring-basedlearninRinEE､７ｶＦ７ｍ"mcJio〃ｑ/ＣＤＩ化ＲＥ(リ】/t''1Nにﾉ)ｍﾉﾋ，”j(〕"(Jlg"gi"“ｍＩｇ〔"ldlFcﾉ"wDmg),､ＮＣ」.2005．
ChengmuLIN（2005）AclionresearchinEE()lprinMlryschool.“にｑｊｉｐ"qlSrjc"(･(，i〃Ｚﾉ！《ｿ､"8.No.3.
2005．

ChengjinLI(2(〕05)CrealeRreencommunitybystrcnRIbeninRenvironmentaIpr()lecli(〕neducalionin
YunnanProviIlce,EllIWT"'"ＩＣ"JplScic'にＣＱ/)ﾔｲﾉ"'("',Ｎ().SL2005，
GuangyouXU(2005)Ｃ【lrryingoutEEbasedoI]ｃ()mInuI1itybyschooL“lcajjoJli"Ｇｌｌｊﾆﾙ川.No.7.2005．
HongyanWANG（2004）ModelofcomprelleI】sivel)rHIcticeactivityresearchinEE.Ｅ"Ｍｗｌﾉ"ど''化uノ
Ｅ故にα"Ｍ・Ｎ０．１１．２００`1．

jiabingWU（1980)Ｔｈｅ凱1酷estionsfbrEEande1wir()I1IncI1lalleclmologytr&Iining,７)･(〃ｒＤＭｗｌ"Ｕ２"【．
ＮＯ２・l98q

JianhuaLIU(2003)Ｃ【鴫e5tudyofinvestigationinnHlturcaludcommunityappIyin恩thcmcresearching
method・lEtm(Ｗｊ（"l(ＩＩＪ肌'（)ｎ．("l《ﾉﾉ)mclice､No.10.2003．
ＫｅｍｉｎＬＩＵ（2003）TIlemcrcsearching･Ihemail1instrucIionmetIｌｏｄｉｎＥＥ、凸1Ｗﾊﾟ"""(ｖｌｌ【JノＥｾﾉ【Ｉ〔･【Jri("'・No.6.2003

ＬｉＺＨＡＮＧ(1992)Ｔｈｃｓ【rategyresearchinEE､町llmjm""ＩＣ"r〔JﾉＢＩ肱""ん!"7J('１.No.2.1992．
LanqinRLI（199`I)Unilm()renceEEinChineseC()mmuni:tPHIrlyUniversity､Create･ＮＣ｣」994.

EjVIm?ＯＭＶＥＭＭＬＥＤＵＣＡＴＹＯＮＶＯＬ・ｌ５ｉＭ〕し３

ＴｈｃＨ】SIonPandTreJ】dofEEResearchjnCbiJ】ａＰ

３３

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WerbatimRecordDataBaseolAcademicJoumalinChina諭isthebiggestChincseelectricdatａ
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