Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 43(4), pp. 105–117, November 22, 2017

The identity of Impatiens graciliﬂora Hook. f. from East Himalaya
and a new record for Myanmar
Shinobu Akiyama
Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science,
Amakubo 4–1–1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0005, Japan
E-mail: akiyama@kahaku.go.jp(Received 8 August 2017; accepted 27 September 2017)

Abstract Impatiens graciliﬂora Hook. f. and I. radiata Hook. f. from the Sino-Himalayan region
were examined morphologically. Impatiens graciliﬂora, regarded as a variety of I. radiata, isreported from Myanmar for the ﬁrst time.
Key words: Balsaminaceae, Flora of Myanmar, Himalaya, Impatiens, taxonomy.

Introduction
Impatiens graciliﬂora, described by Hooker(1905) from Sikkim, occurs in Sikkim (GreyWilson, 1991; Vivekananthan et al., 1997) and
Nepal (Hara, 1979). When Hooker described I.
graciliﬂora in his ﬁnal paper on British Indian
Impatiens (Hooker, 1905) he placed it in his subgroup 7 in series B among total 9 subgroups in
the eastern Himalaya (subgroups 1 to 4 in series
A and subgroups 5 to 9 in series B were divided
mainly by the features of the inﬂorescences andbracts). Within subgroup 7 I. graciliﬂora wasseparated from other species, except I. radiata
Hook. f., by the whorled or more or less fascicledpedicels.
Hooker (1905) cited the size of the lower sepal
as the only difference between I. graciliﬂora andI. radiata; 1–11/ 2 inch long in I. graciliﬂora
against 1/ 4–1/ 2 inch long in I. radiata, but thedetails of I. graciliﬂora were not mentioned. The
length of the lower sepal in Hookerʼs paper actually refers to its depth (for measurements of theﬂower see Akiyama et al., 1991).
To characterize the ﬂowers of I. graciliﬂora
and I. radiata I compared their morphologicalfeatures. Their taxonomic status, based on themorphological observations of living and herbarium materials deposited in A, BM, E, GH, K, and
TI, including types and other authentic specimens, is discussed.
Observation and discussion
Impatiens radiata Hook. f.
a) Lectotype and syntype specimens
The lectotype specimen, collected in Sikkim(K000694747; Akiyama, 2017) has part of a dissected ﬂower (lateral united petals, lateral sepal,
stamens, and ovary) (Figs. 1, 2) and sketches byHooker. A syntype specimen, also from Sikkim(K000694746; Akiyama, 2017), has a dissected
fruit and seeds.
The lateral united petals are ca. 8 mm long; theupper lobe is broadly ovate, ca. 2 mm long andca. 2 mm wide; the lower lobe is narrowly ovate,bilobed, ca. 7 mm long and ca. 2 mm wide (Fig.
2). The spur of ﬂowers in full bloom on the lectotype and syntype specimens were not observablebecause the lower sepal of the dissected ﬂower
and ﬂowers in full bloom were lacking. I wasable to observe the spur in ﬂower buds justbefore ﬂowering on the lectotype. The spur is

106Shinobu Akiyama

Fig. 1. Lectotype of Impatiens radiata Hook. f. (J. D. Hooker s.n., K000694747 [branch on right]). © The Boardof Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

The identity of Impatiens graciliﬂora Hook. f.

Fig. 2. Dissected ﬂower in capsule on lectotype
sheet of Impatiens radiata; lateral united petals,
lateral sepal, stamens, and ovary (right to left).
Bar indicates 10 mm.

straight and the depth of the lower sepal (including the spur) is ca. 10 mm long.
b) Variations in the ﬂowers and leaves
For comparison with I. graciliﬂora I examined
specimens of I. radiata from Nepal, Sikkim,
Bhutan, and Khasia. In this study I did not see
specimens of I. radiata from Myanmar.
The sepals and petals were measured in specimens with an asterisk in the Appendix and thosecited in Akiyama et al. (1991). The lower sepal
was navicular with a straight spur and 7–11 mmlong (including the spur) in plants from Nepal,
9–10 mm long in plants from Sikkim and Bhutan(10 mm long in Grierson and Long 284 (E) annotated as I. radiata by Grey-Wilson), and
13–15 mm long in plants from Khasia. I could
not conﬁrm the data, i.e. 22–30 mm, in Grey-Wilson (1991), but from my observations the depthof the lower sepal in plants from the Himalaya
and Khasia was 7–15 mm long. The shape of thelower sepal is reported as conical (Hooker,
1875), narrowly funnel-shaped (Grey-Wilson,
1991) or navicular (Akiyama et al., 1991) (Fig.
3a). It is impossible to distinguish these shapes inherbarium specimens. In plants of I. radiata I
observed in the ﬁeld, the lower sepals werenavicular.
The dorsal petal was reported to be orbicular107

and neither winged, keeled nor spurred (Hooker,
1875); cucullate, 6–7×4–5 mm when ﬂattened(Grey-Wilson, 1991); and cucullate, 3–4×
3–5 mm when ﬂattened (Akiyama et al., 1991). It
is cucullate, neither winged, keeled nor spurred,and orbicular when ﬂattened as shown in Akiyama et al. (1991) (Fig. 3c). The length was
3–6 mm in plants from Nepal, 3–5 mm in plantsfrom Sikkim and Bhutan, and ca. 4 mm in plantsfrom Khasia.
The lower lobe of the lateral united petal was
reported to be asymmetrically ovate, somewhat
drawn out distally, and 7–8 mm long by 2.5–
3.5 mm wide (Grey-Wilson, 1991) or bilobed and8–11 mm long by ca. 3 mm wide (Akiyama et al.,1991) (Fig. 3b). These data do not conﬂict withdata, i.e. narrowly ovate, bilobed and ca. 7 mmlong by ca. 2 mm side, in the lectotype.
The lateral sepal was reported to be small, lanceolate and long pointed (Hooker, 1875) and
1.5–2.5 mm long (Akiyama et al., 1991). It isovate to lanceolate with an awned apex, 1.5–
2.5 mm long as shown in Akiyama et al. (1991)(Fig. 3d).
c) Partial conclusion
The ﬂoral data obtained in the present study issummarized as follows: The lower sepal is navicular with a straight spur, and 7–15 mm long in
depth (including the spur). The dorsal petal iscucullate, neither winged, keeled nor spurred,and orbicular, 3–6 mm long, 3–5 mm wide when
ﬂattened. The lateral united petals are 8–14 mm
long; the upper lobe is broadly ovate, 2–3 mmlong and 2–3 mm wide; the lower lobe is asymmetrically narrowly ovate, bilobed, and 7–11 mm
long, 2–3 mm wide. The leaves are alternate,somewhat aggregated at the apical part of thestem, and petiolate or almost sessile in the apicalpart of the stem. The petiole is 5–23 mm long andthe blade is oblong-ovate to lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 4.3–14 cm long and 1.3–6 cm widewith acuminate apex, attenuate base, and crenate
to crenate-serrate margins.
Impatiens graciliﬂora Hook. f.
a) Lectotype and syntype specimens

108

Shinobu Akiyama

Fig. 3. Impatiens radiata (var. radiata) (a–d) and I. radiata var. graciliﬂora (＝I. graciliﬂora) (e–i). a–d: Nepal(Ohba et al. 8530681, TI) (Akiyama et al., 1991). e–h: Lectotype of I. graciliﬂora (Dr. Prainʼs Collector no. 64
I, in Aug. 1903, K000694665). i: Myanmar (J. H. Lace 6010, 25 Oct. 1912, E). a, g, i: Lower sepals. c, e: Dorsal petals. b, f: Lateral united petals. d, h: Lateral sepals. Bar indicates 10 mm.

The lectotype specimen collected in Sikkim(K000694665, Akiyama, 2017) has dissected
ﬂowers and sketches by Hooker (Fig. 4). The
syntype specimen, also from Sikkim (without K
barcode number; Akiyama, 2017), also has dissected ﬂowers. I observed the dissected ﬂowersof both the lectotype (Fig. 5) and syntype specimens and also the vegetative features.
The dissected ﬂowers mounted on the lectotype specimen are as follows: The dorsal petal isca. 4 mm long, ca. 5 mm wide, broadly ovate(Fig. 3e). The lateral united petals are ca. 13 mm
long; the upper lobe is ca. 3 mm long, ca. 1.5 mm
wide, ovate; the lower lobe is ca. 10 mm long, ca.
6 mm wide, broadly ovate and bilobed (Fig. 3f).
The lower sepal is 34–36 mm long in depth(including the spur), navicular, spur slightly
downwardly curved or slightly S-shaped (Fig.
3 g). The lateral sepal is ovate and with an awned

apex, ca. 2 mm long (Fig. 3h). In other ﬂowers of
the lectotype the lower sepal varies from 22 to
34 mm long in depth (including the spur). The
leaves are alternate, somewhat aggregated at theapical part of the stem, and petiolate or almost
sessile in the apical part of the stem. The petiole
ranges to 5 mm long and the blade is narrowly
elliptic to lanceolate to ca. 10 cm long and to
3 cm wide with acuminate apex, attenuate base,and crenate to crenate-serrate margins.
The dissected ﬂowers of the syntype specimen
are as follows: The shape of the dorsal petal, lateral united petals, and lower sepal is same as on
the lectotype. The lower sepal varies from 21 to
29 mm long in depth (including the spur). The
leaves are similar to those of the lectotype. The
petiole extends to 5 mm long and the blade to ca.
12 cm long and to ca. 4 cm wide.
Hooker (1905) reported the lower sepal to be

The identity of Impatiens graciliﬂora Hook. f.

109

Fig. 4. Lectotype of Impatiens graciliﬂora Hook. f. (Dr. Prainʼs Collector no. 64 I, in Aug. 1903, K000694665).
© The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

110

Shinobu Akiyama

Fig. 5. Dissected ﬂowers in capsule on lectotype
sheet of Impatiens graciliﬂora. Bar indicates
10 mm.

1–11/ 2 inch long. I observed the lower sepal(including the spur) in the present study is
21–36 mm long, i.e. about 1–11/ 2 inch long andin agreement with Hooker.
b) Variations in the ﬂowers and leaves
In the list of specimens of I. graciliﬂora from
Nepal including my own collection in TI (collected by Noshiro et al. [incl. Akiyama] in 1992),
Sikkim, and Myanmar in BM, E and TI in the
Appendix, the sepals and petals were measured
in specimens with an asterisk. The width of thedorsal petal and the size of the lateral united petals were measured in my own collections at TI. I
am aware that Noshiro et al. 9241094 from
Nepal has a wide range of variation in the depthof the lower sepal, so it will be discussed in thenext part. I also found a collection, Burkill 32096(K, duplicate in E), determined as I. radiata by
Hooker, of which some ﬂowers have deeper
lower sepals than does I. radiata as mentioned
above.
Except for Noshiro et al. 9241094 and also
Burkill 32096, the lower sepal is navicular with aslightly downwardly curved or slightly S-shaped

spur 30–36 mm long in depth (including the spur)in plants from Nepal, 30–38 mm in plants from
Sikkim, and 24–28 mm in plants from Myanmar(Figs. 3i, 6).
The dorsal petal is cucullate, neither winged,
keeled nor spurred, widely ovate to widely orbicular when ﬂattened, 4–6 mm long, ca. 5 mm widein plants from Nepal, ca. 5 mm long in plantsfrom Sikkim, and 5–6 mm long in plants from
Myanmar.
The lateral united petals are 11–13 mm long;the upper lobe is 2–3 mm long, 1–2 mm wide,
ovate; a lower lobe is 9–11 mm long, 4.5–6 mm
wide, broadly ovate and bilobed.
The lateral sepal is ca. 2 mm long, ovate tolanceolate with an awned apex.
The leaves are alternate, somewhat aggregatedat the apical part of the stem, and petiolate oralmost sessile in the apical part of the stem. The
petiole ranges to 3.5 mm long and the blade isnarrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 7.5–17 cm longand 2–6 cm wide with acuminate apex, attenuatebase, and crenate to crenate-serrate margins.
Comparison between I. graciliﬂora and I. radiata
As compared with I. radiata, I. graciliﬂora has
a wider lower lobe of the lateral united petals anda deeper lower sepal, i.e. 4–6 mm (broadly ovate)against 2–3 mm (narrowly ovate), and 21–38 mm
against 7–15 mm. The spur of the lower sepal of
I. graciliﬂora is curved downward slightly orslightly S-shaped against straight in I. radiata.
In East Nepal I observed a population of I.
graciliﬂora (Noshiro et al. 9241094) in which
the ﬂowers have wide range of variation in depthof the lower sepal. The depth of the lower sepal
including the spur at anthesis varies from 16 to
30 mm (Fig. 7a–c). The lower sepal is 16 mm
deep including the straight spur (Fig. 7a) like thespur in the ﬂower bud (Fig. 7d) and indistinguishable from the lower sepal of I. radiata (Fig.
3a). The lower sepal is 30 mm deep, including
the slightly downwardly curved spur (Fig. 7c)and indistinguishable from the lower sepal of
typical I. graciliﬂora (Fig. 3 g). The lateral unitedThe identity of Impatiens graciliﬂora Hook. f.

111

Fig. 6. Impatiens radiata var. graciliﬂora (＝I. graciliﬂora). Myanmar. Ruby Mine District. Mogok to Bernardmyo, 5–6000 ft. (J. H. Lace 6010, 25 Oct. 1912, E).

112

Shinobu Akiyama

Fig. 7. Variation of lower sepals (a–d), dorsal petals (e–g; lateral view (folded) [left] and ﬂattened [right]), andlateral united petals (h–j) in a population of Impatiens radiata var. graciliﬂora (＝I. graciliﬂora) (S. Noshiro
et al. 9241094, TI). Bar indicates 10 mm.

petals vary from 8 to 11 mm long. The upper lobeof the lateral united petals is ovate and ca. 2 mmlong by ca. 1 mm wide. The variable lower lobeof the lateral united petals is narrowly ovate(7 mm long, 2.5 mm wide) (Fig. 7h) as I. radiata(Fig. 3b) to broadly ovate (9 mm long, 4 mmwide) (Fig. 7j), approaching that of typical I.
graciliﬂora (Fig. 3f). The dorsal petal is cucullate, neither winged, keeled nor spurred, andbroadly ovate to orbicular, 3–5 mm long by
3–5 mm wide (Fig. 7e–g). The collection,
Noshiro et al. 9241094, is intermediate between
typical I. graciliﬂora and I. radiata.
Burkill 32096 (K) (Fig. 8) has the lower sepal
11–17 mm deep. The spur of the lower sepal isstraight or slightly curved. The sketches on thelower left side of the sheet by Hooker show twolateral united petals (Fig. 8a and b). Two lateral
united petals remained on the small sheet (Fig.

9a and b). One of the sketches of the lateral
united petals (Fig. 8a) and one of the lateral
united petals (Fig. 9a) show the narrowly ovate
lower lobe as in I. radiata (Fig. 3b), while theother sketch of the lateral united petals (Fig. 8b)
and the other lateral united petals (Fig. 9b) show
the broadly ovate lower lobe as in typical I. graciliﬂora (Fig. 3f). The collection, Burkill 32096,
also represents an intermediate form between
typical I. graciliﬂora and I. radiata.
The leaves of I. graciliﬂora are alternate,somewhat aggregated at the apical part of thestem, and petiolate or almost sessile in the apicalpart of the stem like I. radiata. The shape andsize of leaves is overlap in both species.
In conclusion I. graciliﬂora is speciﬁcallyindistinguishable from I. radiata in both ﬂoral(see Table 1) and vegetative characters. It is,however, reasonable to recognize a variety of I.

The identity of Impatiens graciliﬂora Hook. f.

Fig. 8.

Impatiens radiata var. graciliﬂora (＝I. graciliﬂora) (I. H. Burkill 32096, 23 May 1909, K).

113

114

Shinobu Akiyama

radiata, var. graciliﬂora, in having usually the
deeper lower sepal including a slightly downwardly curved spur (17–36 mm in the largest
ﬂowers) and the wider lower lobe of the lateral
united petals (4–6 mm in the largest ﬂowers).

Fig. 9. Dissected ﬂowers in capsule of Impatiens
radiata var. graciliﬂora (＝I. graciliﬂora) (I. H.
Burkill 32096, 23 May 1909, K). Bar indicates
10 mm.

Table 1.

Comparison between Impatiens radiata (var. radiata) and var. graciliﬂora (＝I. graciliﬂora)

I. radiata(Hooker,
1875, 1905)
Lateral sepal(including
awn)
Lower sepal

Dorsal petal[Systematic treatment]
Impatiens radiata Hook. f. in Fl. Brit. India 1:
476 (1875); Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. 4: 15, 20 (1905).
Hara in Hara & Williams, Enum. Flow. Pl. Nepal
2: 80 (1979). Akiyama, Ohba & Wakabayashi in
Himal. Pl. 2: 70 (1991). Grey-Wilson in Fl. Bhutan 2: 96 (1991). Chen, Akiyama & Ohba in Fl.
China 12: 76 (2007).
Lectotype: Sikkim, Lachung, 9–10000 ft. (J.
D. Hooker s.n., K000694747 [branch on right][http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000694747][designated by Akiyama, 2017]). Syntypes: Sikkim, Regio temp., 6–12000 ft. (J. D. Hooker s.n.,
K000694746[http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000694746]). Khasia Mts., 5–7000 ft.
(K?, not seen).

I. radiata(Grey–Wilson, 1991)

small, lanceolatewith long points

I. radiata(Akiyama et al.,1991)

I. radiata var.
radiata(present study)

ovate to lanceolatewith an awned apex,
1.5–2.5 mm long
1 1
/ 4– / 2 inch long narrow funnel-shaped, navicular, gradually navicular with a
1–11/ 2 inch
[deep] with spur, 5–8 mm, tapering into tapering into along withstraight spur, andconical ending in a a slender straightstraight spur, 6–7 mm 7–15 mm long in
spur
short straight spur spur 22–30 mm [deep] long, 10–11 mm deep depth (including(including the spur) the spur)with a swollen tip,much shorter thanthe pedicel
orbicular, neither cucullate,cuculltate,
cucullate, neither
winged, keeled
6–7×4–5 mm when 3–4 mm×3–5 mm winged, keeled nor
nor spurred
ﬂattened
when ﬂattened
spurred, orbicular,
3–6×3–5 mm
when ﬂattened

Lateral united
petalsUpper lobe
(petal)Lower lobe
elongate(petal)1.5–2.5 mm

I. graciliﬂora(Hooker,1905)

7–9 mm long

10–14 mm long

8–14 mm longbroadly ovate,broadly ovate,
suborbicular tosquarish, ca. 3×3 mm 2–3×2–3 mm
2–3×2–3 mm
asymmetrically ovate bilobed,
asymmetrically
7–8×2.5–3.5 mm,
8–11 mm×ca. 3 mm narrowly ovate,
somewhat drawn out
bilobed, anddistally
7–11 mm×2–3 mm

I. graciliﬂora(Grey–Wilson,
1991)

I. radiata var.
graciliﬂora(present study)

ovate to lanceolatewith an awned
apex, ca. 2 mm longshallowly
navicular with aslightly downwardly
navicular,
curved or slightly
5–7×2–3 mm
spur slightly curved S-shaped spur,or S-shaped,(11–)17–38 mm
ﬁliform, 28–38 mm long in depth(including the spur)
cuculate, 3–4 mm cucullate, neither
winged, keeled nor
spurred, broadly
ovate to orbicularwhen ﬂattened,
4–6 mm long, ca.
5 mm wide
8–12 mm long(8–)11–13 mm longauricle-like,
1.5–2 mmasymmetricallybilobed,
8–10×5–5.5 mm

ovate,
2–3×1–2 mm
asymmetricallybroadly(to narrowly) ovate,bilobed, (7–)9–11×(2.5–)4–6 mm

The identity of Impatiens graciliﬂora Hook. f.

Key to the varieties
1a. Lower sepal, including spur, 7–15 mm at
maximum size .................................... var. radiata
1b. Lower sepal, including spur, 17–38 mm at
maximum size ..............................var. graciliﬂora
var. radiata
Distribution: East Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), Assam to Myanmar, Tibet, and SW China(Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou).
var. graciliﬂora (Hook. f.) S. Akiyama, comb. et
stat. nov.
Impatiens graciliﬂora Hook. f. in Rec. Bot.
Surv. India 4(2): 15, 21 (1905). Hara in Hara &Williams, Enum. Flow. Pl. Nepal 2: 79 (1979).
Grey-Wilson in Fl. Bhutan 2: 96 (1991).
Lectotype: Sikkim, near Kurseong, 6000 ft.
(Dr. Prainʼs Collector no. 64 I, in Aug. 1903,
K000694665 [http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/
K000694665] [designated by Akiyama, 2017]).
Syntype: Sikkim, Senchal, 7000 ft. (R. Pantlings.n., 25 Aug. 1901, K; Hort. Bot. Calcata. Recd
[received] 1903).
Distribution: East Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan)
and Myanmar.
For Impatiens in Myanmar Kress et al. (2003)
enumerated 45 species but I. graciliﬂora was notincluded. Two specimens of I. radiata var. graciliﬂora (＝I. graciliﬂora) collected by J. H.
Lace in Ruby Mine District in Shan State (nowPyin Oo lwin District, Mandalay Region) in
Myanmar, both at E (Fig. 6) are the ﬁrst recordsof I. radiata var. graciliﬂora from Myanmar.
Acknowledgments
I am indebted to Dr. Hideaki Ohba, Professor
Emeritus, University of Tokyo for his criticallyreading the manuscript and valuable suggestions.
I deeply appreciate Dr. David E. Boufford, Harvard University Herbaria, for reading and correcting the manuscript. Thanks are also due tothe curators and directors of A, BM, E, GH, K,
KUN, NA, TI, and to the Board of Trustees of
the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, for images of115

type specimens. This study was carried out by
the international cooperative project “BiologicalInventory with special attention to Myanmar” as
the integrated research initiated by the National
Museum of Nature and Science, Japan based on
MoU between Forest Department, Ministry of
Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation, Myanmar.
References
Akiyama, S. 2017. Lectotypiﬁcation of Impatiens radiata
Hook. f. and I. graciliﬂora Hook. f. (Balsaminaceae).
Journal of Japanese Botany 92: (in press).
Akiyama, S., Ohba, H. and Wakabayashi, M. 1991. Taxonomic notes of the East Himalayan species of Impatiens. Studies of Himalayan Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)(1). In: Ohba, H. and Malla, S. B. (eds.), The Himalayan Plants, vol. 2, pp. 67–94. University of Tokyo
Press, Tokyo.
Akiyama, S., Ohba, H. and Wu, S.-K. 1995. Distributionof Impatiens in Yunnan with notes on distribution pattern of Himalayan elements in Yunnan, SW China. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series B,
21: 151–168.
Grey-Wilson, C. 1991. Balsaminaceae. In: Grierson, A. J.
C. and Long, D. G. (eds.), Flora of Bhutan, vol. 2 (part1), pp. 82–104. Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
Hara, H. 1979. Balsaminaceae. In: Hara, H. and Williams,
L. H. J. (eds.), An Enumeration of the Flowering Plantsof Nepal, vol. 2, pp. 78–80. Trustees of British Museum(Natural History), London.
Hooker, J. D. 1874–75. Impatiens. In: The Flora of British
India, vol. 1, pp. 440–483 (I. radiata: pp. 476–477 in
1875).
Hooker, J. D. 1905. An epitome of the British Indian species of Impatiens. Part 2. Records of the Botanical Survey of India 4: 11–35.
Kress, W. J., DeFilipps, R. A. and Kyi, D. Y. Y. 2003. A
checklist of the trees, shrubs, herbs, and climbers ofMyanmar. Contributions from the United States National
Herbarium 45: 1–590.
Vivekananthan, K., Rathakrishnan, N. C., Swaminathan,
M. S., and Ghara, L. K. 1997. Balsaminaceae. In:
Hajra, P. K., Nair, V. J. and Daniel, P. (eds.), Flora ofIndia, vol. 4, pp. 95–229. Botanical Survey of India,
Calcutta.

Appendix: A list of the specimens examined of
Impatiens radiata var. radiata and var. graciliﬂora. In the specimens with an asterisk the sepals

116

Shinobu Akiyama

and petals were measured.
Impatiens radiata Hook. f. var. radiata
Nepal (addition to Akiyama et al., 1991). Arun
Valley, Maghang Khola, E. of Num, 10000 ft. (J.
D. A. Stainton 812, 1 July 1956, A, BM*, TI).
Bhuji Khola, 2400 m (Stainton et al. 9043, TI).
Near Dunche, 7000 ft. (O. Polunin 092, 3 June
1949, BM). Near Gurjakhani, 2550 m (Stainton
et al. 3560, TI). North of Kalo Pani, c. 2500 m(Grey-Wilson & Phillips 821, 9 Sept. 1973, K*).
Kutumsang-Thodan Danda (Kanai & Malla
674958, TI). Lampokhari–Chitre, 9500 ft. (T. B.
Shrestha & D. Joshi 533, 12 Aug. 1971, BM).
Mugu Kamali Valley, between Lumsa and Mangri, 7000 ft. (Polunin, Sykes & Williams 5225,
15 Aug. 1952, E). Tamur Valley, Mewa Khola,
Topke Gola, 10500 ft. (J. D. A. Stainton 981, 13
July 1956, A, BM*, TI). Tinjure Danda, 27°10′N,
87°29′E, 7500 ft. (Williams & Stainton 8390, 6
Sept. 1967, BM*, E). Thudam, 11300 ft. (L. W.
Beer 9414, 20 July 1971, BM*). Wabak Khola,1000 ft. (L. W. Beer 9482, 27 July 1971, BM*).
Yamphodin, 27°27′N, 87°57′E, 7000 ft. (L. H. J.
Williams 936, 25 June 1969, BM). Dhankuta
District. Chitray (H. Kanai et al. s.n., TI);
Shidua–Tute (H. Ohba et al. 9120016, TI); Tute–
Tinjure Phedi (H. Ohba et al. 9120050, TI*).
Gorkha District. Lungdang Gompa, 3100 m (M.
Suzuki et al. 9485211, TI). Raswa District. Sunchet Kharka–Lipchet Kharka, 2860 m (F. Miyamoto et al. 9420278, TI); Thare–Trisuli Khola(H. Hara et al. 69882, TI). Sankhuwasawa District. Angare Kharka–Chhippon (Chhippon
Pokhari) (H. Ohba et al. 9120079, TI*); Minchin
Dhap–Mul Pokhari (H. Hara et al., 29 Oct. 1963,
TI). Sindhupalchok District. Kuri–Charikot,
3000 m (H. Kanai et al. 674665, 674668, TI);
Tingoang–Kalingchok, 3100 m (H. Kanai et al.
675187, TI). Solukhumbu District. Pike Khop–Fera, 2400 m (F. Miyamoto et al. 9584053, TI*);
Ringmo–Jubing, 2820 m (M. Wakabayashi
9715039, TI). Taplejung District. Taplejung–Garhi Danra (H. Hara et al., 3 Nov. 1963, TI);
Thakpa Bazaar–Ramsyang Pati (M. Suzuki et al.
9240275, TI*); Topke Gola–Shewaden (H. Kanai
et al. 723219, TI; H. Ohashi et al. 770998, TI);

Shewaden-Papung (H. Kanai et al. 723221, TI).
Bhutan. Bumthang District. Bumthang, 10000ft. (Ludlow & Sherriff 278, 15 July 1933, E*).
Punaka District. Wangdu Phodrang–Pele La,
25 km E of Wangdu, c. 2000 m (A. J. C. Grierson& D. G. Long 520, 19 June 1975, E). Tashigang
District. Tashigang, Gamri Chu, 7020 ft. (S.
Bowes Lyon 9130, 11 June 1985, E*). Thimphu
District. Thimphu, 10000 ft. (R. E. Cooper 3210,
17 Aug. 1914, E); Bunakha Thimpu, 7000 ft. (R.
E. Cooper 1326, 6 July 1914, BM; E; 2497, 30
July 1914, E); Dotena Thimpu, 8000 ft. (R. E.
Cooper 2497, 20 July 1914, BM); Above
Motithang, 2600 m (J. R. I. Wood 5583, 12 Aug.
1987, E); Upper valley of Thimphu River, above
Changri Monastery, 2600 m (J. R. I. Wood 5556,
5557, 3 July 1987, E); Tributary of Wong Chu,
10 km S of Thimphu, c. 2400 m (A. J. C. Grierson & D. G. Long 284, 12 June 1975, E*).
Tongsa District. 9 km S of Tongsa, 27°29′,
90°30′, c. 2100 m (A. J. C. Grierson & D. G.
Long 1194, 20 May 1979, E*). Upper Mo Chu
District. Gasa Dzong, 27°55′, 89°46′ c. 2800 m (I.
W. J. Sinclair & D. G. Long 4994, 14 Sept. 1984,E*). India. [West Bengal] Sikkim. Regio temp.,
6–12000 ft. (J. D. Hooker s.n., BM, GH); Darjeeling, 7000 ft. (C. N. 285, 11 July 1874, E*).
Tonglu, 9000 ft. (G. H. Cave on 1 Sept. 1919, A,
E). Tongloo, 8–10000 ft. (T. Anderson 568, 3
Aug. 1862, E*, GH). Darjeeling, Tonglo, 10000ft. (C. B. Clarke 27488B, 17 Sept. 1875, BM).
Senchal, 7000 ft. (Dr. Prainʼs Collector 84 I, Aug.
1903, BM*). Yakla, 10000 ft. (C. B. Clarke
9840B, 15 Oct. 1869, BM). Khasia. Regio trop.
5–7000 ft. (J. D. Hooker & T. Thomson s.n., BM,GH*). Larlankote, 5000 ft. (C. B. Clarke
18383C, 14 Nov. 1872, BM); 5500 ft. (C. B.
Clarke 45655A, 25 Sept. 1886, NA). Surareen,
5000 ft. (C. B. Clarke 40343J, 10 Sept. 1885,
NA; 45574E, 22 Sept. 1886, BM*). China.
Tibet [Xizang]. Gyala, 9300 ft. (Ludlow & Sherriff 5370, 23 July 1938, E). Yunnan (Addition to
Akiyama et al., 1995). Deqe, Sanchan He,
3200 m, 29°09′N 99°16′E (Ohba et al. 9, 3 Aug.
1996, TI).

The identity of Impatiens graciliﬂora Hook. f.

var. graciliﬂora
Nepal. North of Chula Chuli, 26°45′N,
87°37′E, 6000 ft. (Williams & Stainton 8526, 15
Sept. 1967, BM, TI). Ilam District. N. of Ilam,
6500 ft. (L. H. J. Williams 403, 6 June 1969,
BM, TI); Goruwale Bhanjang (Bhanduke)-Mai
Pokhari, 27°05′N, 87°56′E, 1900 m (S. Noshiro etal. 9241109, 26 June 1992, TI*); 2000 m (S.
Noshiro et al. 9241093, 9241094, 26 June 1992,
TI*). Panchthar District. Chyangthapu–Dabale
Deurali, 27°15′N, 87°57′E, 1950 m, (S. Noshiro
et al. 9241024, 23 June 1992, TI*); Prangbung–Goruwale Bhanjang (Bhanduke), 27°10′N,
87°54′E (S. Noshiro et al. 9241084, 25 June
1992, TI*). India. [West Bengal] Sikkim. Dentam, Kulhail-Valley, 4000 ft. (I. H. Burkill
32096, 23 May 1909, E, K*). Darjeeling District.
Darjeeling, 2150 m (H. Hara 6300487, TI*);
2200 m (H. Hara & H. Ohba 723218, A, TI);
Darjeeling–Lopchu, 800–2300 m (H. Kanai et al.

117

723216, TI); Palmajun–Batasi, 2100–2300 m (H.
Kanai et al. 721549, TI*); Ratho Chu–Ramam,
2100–2400 m (H. Kanai et al. 723215, TI*);
Lloyd Botanic Garden, Birch Hill, 2200 m (H.
Hara et al. 69877, TI); Peshok Road–Ghum,
2250–2300 m (H. Hara et al. 69879, TI); East
Birch Hill Road, 2100 m (H. Ohashi et al.
723217, TI; H. Hara & H. Ohba 723218, TI*);
2200 m (H. Hara et al. 69878, TI*); ʻUbayuridaniʼ (H. Hara et al. 69880, TI*); Ghum–
Kurseong, 2000 m (G. Murata et al. 2990, TI*).
Darjeeling Town, 27°02′N, 88°16′E, 2150 m (D.
G. Long et al. 26, 4 July 1992, E*); 12 km above
Mungpoo, 26°59′N, 88°18′E, 1970 m (D. G.
Long et al. 1065, 3 Aug. 1992, E*); Batasia,
7500 ft. (G. H. Cave, 14 July 1917, A, E). Myanmar. Ruby Mine District. Mogok to Bernardmyo, 5–6000 ft. (J. H. Lace 6010, 25 Oct. 1912,
E*); Bernardmyo, 5500 ft. (J. H. Lace 6011, 25
Oct. 1912, E*).