評価調査結果要約（英文）I. Outline of the ProjectCountry：Cambodia

Project title：THE PROJECT ON GENDER
MAINSTREAMING AND POLICY DEVELOPMENT
THROUGH UPGRADING INFORMATION AND RESEARCHCAPACITY (PGM)

Issue/Sector：Gender Mainstreaming/ WID

Cooperation scheme：Technical Cooperation

Division in charge：JICA Cambodia Office, Urban andTotal planned cost for assistance：

Regional Development / Peace Building I, Group II,

Approximately 378,853,000 yen

Social Development Department(R/D):
2003/4～2008/3

Partner Country’s Implementing Organization：Ministry of Women’s
Affairs(MoWA), Ministry of Planning(MoP),Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery, andForestry(MAFF), Ministry of Industry, Mine and Energy (MIME), Ministry ofPeriod ofCommerce (MoC)、Ministry of Rural Development(MRD), Ministry of Labour andCooperation

Vocational Training (MOLVT)(Extension):

Supporting Organization in Japan：Gender Equality Bureau, Cabinet Office(F/U) :
Related Cooperation：

1. Background of the ProjectOver the past 25 years, Cambodian people suffered from serious strife inside the country. As a result, women occupy
52% of the whole population and 55% of the population over 25 years old. Although women played important roles in therehabilitation and socio-economic development of the country, their social and economic status is still lower than that ofmen.
In order to improve these gender issues, the Royal Government of Cambodia ratified the Convention on the Eliminationof All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) in 1992.

New Constitution was also made in 1993, affirming

full protection the fundamental rights of Khmer people, including women’s rights.

Accordingly, the Ministry of Women’s

Affairs (MoWA) under current system was established in 1996, and Cambodian National Council for Women (CNCW) in
2001, as a national mechanism to promote gender equality.
With this background, the Royal Government of Cambodia requested the technical cooperation to the Japanese
Government, and JICA dispatched the Preparatory Study Teams in August (first study) and October to November (secondstudy) 2002.

In December 2002, JICA and MoWA signed the Record of Discussions on the Project and the Project began

in April 2003 for five-year period until March 2008.

The Project has been implemented by MoWA as a core counterpart

ministry in collaboration with other line ministries, such as National Institute of Statistics,

Ministry of Planning (NIS),

Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry (MAFF), Ministry of labor and Vocational Training (MOLVT),
Industry, Mine and Energy (MIME),

Ministry ofMinistry of Commerce (MOC), and Ministry of Rural Development (MRD).

2. Project Overview
The main objective of the Project is to develop an effective mechanism for gender mainstreaming through upgrading
institutional capacity of MoWA and the selected line ministries for promotion of gender equality in the Royal Governmentof Cambodia.
(1) Overall Goal
Gender mainstreaming, as one of the key factors to stabilize peace and development, is promoted in the RoyalGovernment of Cambodia (RGC)

(2) Project Purpose
Effective mechanism for gender mainstreaming is developed through upgrading institutional capacity of MoWA andthe selected line ministries for promotion of gender equality in the Royal Government of Cambodia(3) Outputs
1.

The functions of the Departments concerned of MoWA and the selected line ministries are strengthened byupgrading;
1.1. the capacity to create and maintain gender information pool and to design a research,
1.2. the capacity to analyze gender information and formulate gender responsive projects,
1.3. he capacity to coordinate and facilitate implementation of the formulated gender responsive projects,
1.4. the capacity to monitor and evaluate gender responsive projects,
1.5. the capacity to identify the lessons learned from the project implementation and develop policy
recommendations with gender perspective

2.

Network is established2.1. Network is established among MoWA and the related organizations such as the selected line Ministries, NGOs
and research institutes.
2.2. Relationships with the relevant organizations such as the National Machineries of Japan and other countries arestrengthened(4) Inputs (as of September 2007)
Japanese side： Total
378,853,000
Long-term Expert

Yen

5 person

Short-term Expert

12 person

Equipment US$65,231 and 1,035,000 Yen
Trainees received

30 person (including trainees through group training and non project C/P.)(TOPICS: Gender Statistics, Promotion of Gender Equality, Gender Mainstreaming
Policy for Government Officers, Women Entrepreneurship Development, Empowermentof Rural Women, Gender Mainstreaming in Fishing Community Development)

Local cost Approximately US$433,000- including US$80,400 of Pilot projects’ expenses.
Cambodian Side：Counterpart

21 persons

C/Ps from MoWA and JCC

37 persons

Policy Analysis Task Force (PATF) from MoWA, line ministries, and the pilot

province
Land and Facilities

Office Space, Parking Space, Meeting Room

OthersApproximately US$ 57,700-

II. Evaluation Team( Members of Evaluation Team)Mr. Shuichi Ikeda

Team Leader

Director of Gender Equality Team, Office of Gender, Environment andSocial Consideration Review, Planning and Coordination Dept, JICA

Ms. Yumiko Tanaka

Mr. Shin Yasuda

GenderSenior Project Formulation Advisor (Monitoring and Evaluation/ Gender),Mainstreaming

JICA Regional Support Office for ASIA, Thailand

Gender NetworkCounsellor for Gender Equality Promotion, Gender Equality Bureau,
Cabinet Office, Government of Japan

Mr. Kenji Maekawa

Programme / Project Director, Urban and Regional Development / Peace Building I, Group II,

Analysis

Social Development Dept,Ms. Mariko Homma

Evaluation Analysis

Consultant.

Ms. Minori Terada

Evaluation Planning Project Formulation Advisor (Governance), JICA Cambodia Office

H.E. Dr. Ing Kantha

PGM Executive

PHAVI

Director

H.E. Ms. Chan Sorey

PGM Project

Minister, MoWA

Secretary of State, MoWA

Director
Ms. Chhoy Kim Sor

Period of Evaluation

PGM TechnicalDirector, Planning & Statistics Department, Bureau of Administration &Project Manager

General Affairs, MoWA

16/ 10/ 2007～14/ 11/ 2007

Type of Evaluation：Terminal Evaluation

III. Results of Evaluation
1. Project Performance-Inputs and Outputs
The achievements of outputs, such as capacity development of C/P and PATF through practical training andestablishment of network on Gender Mainstreaming are monitored according to the indicators in the PDM. The Outputs
have been achieved as is planned.
-Project Purpose
Project mostly achieved the project purpose by accomplishing the two indicators:1)

Gender responsive policy recommendations were formulated based on the lessons learned from the pilot projects
implementation through the PGM Methods by MoWA C/P and PATF. All the PATF interviewed have acknowledged
the quality and contents the recommendations as useful and important.

2)

The methods for gender responsive policy formulation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation were developed
through practical training, including implementation of pilot projects in Kampong Cham by MoWA C/P and PATF.
The methods, named as The PGM Methods, are recognized as useful and practical, because of the well designedstructures. They are divided into several steps and each step is composed of instruction of detail procedures withfrequent discussions among relevant line ministries and stakeholders coordinated by MoWA and MOP(NIS).

-Implementation Process
All the project activities were implemented and all the inputs were also applied as is planned. The amount and thetiming of the input are appropriate.

2. Summary of Evaluation Results(1) Relevance1)

It has reflected the national policy and social needs of Cambodia.

2)

It has corresponded to the Japanese Government Cooperation policy and JICA strategy under Cambodia Country
Implementation Plan.

3)

The selection of the Project approach was appropriate. The approach focused mainly on the capacity developmentof the MoWA staff concerned on gender responsive policy formulation, on which they had limited experiences andknowledge.

4)

The selection of the target ministries were appropriate because both MoWA and line ministries had strong needs forcapacity development on gender mainstreaming. The MoWA is a coordination ministry of gender mainstreaming,
but their capacity was limited. The staff of line ministries were expected to conduct gender mainstreaming in theirrespective ministries as well, however, the capacity was limited.
(2) Effectiveness1)

Gender responsive policy recommendations were formulated through the PGM Methods. All the PATF interviewed
have acknowledged the quality and contents as useful and important because they were formulated based on thepractical lessons learned from implementation of pilot projects in Kampong Cham and discussions among PATF atboth the central and provincial levels.

2)

The PGM Methods for gender responsive policy formulation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation weredeveloped. The PGM Methods are recognized as useful and practical, because of the well designed structures. Theyare divided into several steps and each step is composed of instruction of detail procedures with frequentdiscussions among relevant line ministries and stakeholders coordinated by MoWA and MOP(NIS). The PGM
Methods were appreciated as effective tools for capacity development of the staff of MoWA and line ministries.

3)

There were some promoting factors which affected the achievement the Project purpose. For example, gendermainstreaming structures and operational functions was established during the Project period, such as
establishment of Technical Working Group(TWGG) and Gender Mainstreaming Action Group (GMAG) in lineministries(3) Efficiency
The Team evaluated the Project as efficient because of the following reasons:1)

The capacity of the C/P and PATF has been improved on development and maintenance of gender information pool,analysis of gender information and gender responsive project planning, coordination and facilitation ofimplementation of gender responsive projects, monitoring and evaluation of gender responsive projects, anddevelopment of gender responsive policy recommendations based on the lessons learned.

2)

The networking system among the organization concerned with the promotion of gender mainstreaming wasestablished, such as network between MoWA and line ministries and among line ministries The network with theseministries has been established not only at the central level, but also at the provincial level as well. The Project
facilitates the TWGG meeting, which is participated by around 80 members from line ministries, donors, NGOs,
civil societies and research institutes working on gender mainstreaming. The TWGG enhanced the establishment ofGMAGs which are authorized groups for gender mainstreaming in each line ministries.

3)

The relationship between Cambodian national machinery and Japanese / other national machineries has beenstrengthened. For example the Project exchanged their experiences and knowledge with Gender Equality Bureau in
the Cabinet Office in Japan, through inviting short term experts from the Bureau and conducting counterpart
trainings in Japan. It also established the networks with the national machinery in Indonesia.

(4) Impact
1)

The foundation to achieve the overall goal has been developed. For example, the gender responsive policies andstrategies have been incorporated in NSDP and Neary Rattanak II. The action plan for the achievement of CMDGs
has already been developed and implemented in each line ministries. The central government structures andfunction for gender mainstreaming has been established, such as TWGG and GMAG.

2)

MoWA C/P have developed their capacity and utilized the capacity in their routine work, such as gender statistics.
They have organized training on gender statistics and the PGM Methods to the MoWA staff in the provincial levelby their own budget.

3)

Most of PATF who had limited knowledge and experience on gender issues, have improved their understanding of
the concept and importance of gender perspectives. As a result, they have changed their behaviour. They also havestrong will to share their experience with other staff, including GMAG members.

4)

Other donors which work with MoWA, such as UNDP and GTZ recognized the effectiveness and importance of thecapacity development which the Project has focused on. Also MoWA C/P provided technical support on genderstatistics to the project supported by GTZ.
(5) Sustainability1)

The activities for promoting gender mainstreaming will be enhanced by MoWA. Because the PGM Methods
developed by the Project is appreciated by C/P and the management, including the Minister of MoWA. Thecapacity of the MoWA C/P have developed enough to disseminate the PGM Methods.

2)

Almost all the PATF were appointed to GMAG. They are committed to share the PGM Methods and integrated intothe gender mainstreaming mechanism in each line ministry.

3)

The PGM Methods is accepted by PATF and JCC members in the line ministries. The PATF in Kampong Champlans to propose to Provincial Rural Development Committee to apply some part of the PGM Methods to theirdevelopment programs in 2008.

4)

MoWA has an idea to organize workshops to share the Methods with GMAGs in each partner ministry. The efforts
to realize the policy recommendations made through the Methods are expected to be taken into the regular
activities in order to confirm the sustainability of the Project and the PGM Methods.

3. Factors promoting sustainability and impact(1) Factors concerning to Planning
The multi-sectoral approaches to gender mainstreaming, involving several line Ministries, produced synergy effects
to effectively promote gender mainstreaming.

Furthermore, the MoWA’s roles have been crucial to coordinate theseprocesses for gender mainstreaming, both at the central and provincial levels.
(2) Factors concerning to the Implementation Process
The central government structures and function for gender mainstreaming has been established, such as TWGG andGMAG.

4. Factors inhibiting sustainability and impact(1) Factors concerning to Planning
The participants of the JCC meeting were limited especially from the other department in MoWA, which limited theopportunities for the Project to share the activities information.
(2) Factors concerning to the Implementation Process
1)

The expert on Gender Responsive Policy Analysis and Implementation who was dispatched as short term expert
should have been dispatched for a long term.

2)

Considering the capacity development and establishment of mechanism, the PGM Methods might have been betterthat another cycle of the PGM Methods should be repeated to review the steps.

5. Conclusion
The Project focuses on the two aspects; 1) capacity development of the staff of MoWA and line ministries on gender
responsive policy formulation, through practical training, including implementation of pilot projects in Kampong Cham,and 2) development of the methods for gender responsive policy formulation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.
Their capacity was developed not only based on workshop typed training, but practical training, including
implementation of field research, and planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of pilot projects. As the staff ofMoWA and line ministries has limited experience on implementation of projects in the grass roots level, the practicaltraining provided them of understanding the needs of the people and established their confidence. These approaches areappreciated as effective.
The Project established a networking system between MoWA and line ministries and among line ministries. It was firsttime for both MoWA and line ministries cooperated to implement projects. These opportunities can be evaluated as itprovided for both of the idea to recognize the importance and effectiveness of the cooperation.

Regarding the PGM Methods, the quality and effectiveness are recognized. It should be disseminated to the staff in theother departments in MoWA and GMAG in line ministries.
Gender mainstreaming structures and operational functions was established during the Project period, such as
establishment of Technical Working Group(TWGG) and Gender Mainstreaming Action Group (GMAG) in line ministries

6. RecommendationsActivities to be recommended for the rest of the Project period
1) The MoWA and the Project to disseminate the information about the PGM Methods through publication of the manual,
implementation of a Regional Symposium and sharing at meetings2) The MoWA and the Project should take action to realize the policy recommendations formulated under the PGM
Methods, such as organizing a workshop
Activities recommended to be taken for the longer term
1) Capacity of GMAGs should be developed as a key institutions for the enhancement of gender mainstreaming, in orderto realize policy recommendations formulated through the Project activity and disseminate the PGM Method
2) In order to disseminate the PGM Methods, the MoWA should improve the communications and coordination among thedepartments which coordinates activities for gender mainstreaming in MoWA.
3) In order to integrate the NGOs experiences in the grassroots level and improve the accountability of the MoWA’sactivities, the networking between MoWA and NGOs / civil societies should be strengthened.
4) The Project should further consider the development of more effective mechanisms for gender mainstreaming throughintegrating its efforts and experiences into strengthening of the existing mechanisms and functions in the future.

7.Lessons Learned
5.1. Effectiveness of Practical Sectoral Engendering Approaches of the PGM Methods：creating synergy effects ondevelopment as well as for promoting gender equality:
The Team learned that the PGM Methods based on the lessons learned through the practical hands-on PGM cycle,
including implementation of pilot projects, were effective and useful in Cambodia. The PGM Methods provided
valuable opportunities for MoWA and PATF to implement projects with the people at the grassroots level based on theirneeds, through which they have gained experiences and improved the capacity to plan, implement, monitor and evaluate
projects and recommend sector policies and programs with a gender perspective.
The design and structures of the PGM Methods were also effective, which were divided into several concrete steps
and each step composed of instructions and detailed procedures. The multi-sectoral approaches coordinated by theMoWA and MOP(NIS) were also extremely effective both at the central and provincial levels to generate synergy effects
on development as well as for promoting gender mainstreaming.
5.2. Further Efforts for Well-Establishment of PGM Methods
The PGM Methods have been so far implemented effectively. However, considering the capacity development andestablishment of mechanism, it might have been better that another cycle of the PGM Methods should be repeated toreview the steps. It was effective that the Project selected PATF at the decision making levels in respective line
Ministries in order to disseminate the Methods effectively and conduct pilot projects successfully.
5.3. Multiple Effects and Functions of the JCC meeting
The JCC meeting functioned effectively.

It did not only monitor the Project progresses, but also provided strategic

advices on the policy recommendations and the PGM Methods for the integration into each line ministry.

8. Follow-up Situation
No