沼ThePracticesofEducationforSustainabIeDeveIopment
inNationalTaiwanNormaIUniversity
TzuchauCHANG
Graduateln瓢ituteolEnvironmcntalEducalion

NalionKllT8liw【ｌｎＮｏｒｍ&l1UnivCrSily

THliwan.Ｒ(DpubIicofChina

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

Educati()nfbrsustainabledeveIol〕ｍｅｎｔ(ESＤ)Ilasbecnaresearchfbcus()ItheGraduHltelnstituteofEnvironmentalEducationinNationaＩＴａｉｗａｎＮ〔)rmalUniversity（ＮＴＮＵ）ＴｈｅｉｍｐＩｅｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆ
ＥＳＤｉｎＮＴＮＵｃａllbeclassifiedint(Dthreedireclions:conductinRresearcbesonESD､offeringlFeneraIc(〕ursesofESDandcarryilllFouttIleSustainableCampusl〕rogr(ｌｍｌ()translbrmaoldadministration
buiIdingil1toalearnin円centerIbrESD．

Ｋｃｙｗ(〕rds:EducationlbrSusminableDeveIopIIlcnt(ESI)).Sus1ainablecampusProgrHlm
lntr⑪ducliun

TheGraduaIelnstitute()fEIwironmcIltalEducati()、(GIEE)olNaIionHllT【uiwanNormaIUniversity(ＮＴＮＵ)wastI1efirstestablishedresearchinstitutelOrenvir(mmenlaIeducationinTaiw【1,.Alth()ughhvemoreEEresearchinslituteshavebeell§ｅｔｕｐ目incethen・ＮＴＮＵｈａｓａｌｗａｙｓｂｅｅｎａＩｅａｄｉｎＩｇｒｏＩｅ

ｉｎｌｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆＥＥｉｎＴｎｉｗan，Reccntly、ＮＴＮＵｗａｓｆｕｎｄｃｄｂｙＭｉｎｉｓｌｒｙｏｆＥｄｕｃａtionand
Ministry（DfIn(criortobuiIdupaIearningcenterofEducationforSustainnbledevelopmentto
demonstraIeb()theduc【ltioI1innov&ltionsandinfraslrucIurerenovationsofsustainabledevelopment

inauniversitycampus,TheeducaIioninn〔walionhigIllightsdevelopinIgteIlchingmodules・leacher
traininRworkshops,andconductingresearchworksfOrthesustail1ablecampusprogram：lhe

infrastructurerenovati()nsconsistoIgreellroof､constructedwetIand､alternativeenergyequipment・andcomposls．

COnductingresearchonEducmti()nfbrSustainabIeDevelopment

Ａｒｅsearchｌｅａｍｈａｓｂｅｅｎｍａｄｅｕｐ（〕fresearcbers［romthefieIds（)ｆ§()ciaIstudies､ｇｅ(〕graphy、biology・health・andeXwironmeIltaleducaIion（)［ＮＴＮＵｔｏｓｔｕｄｙｌｈｅｃｏｎｌｅｎｔｓｏｆＥＳＤｏｆｎationalcurriculumframeworkfbrprimaryaIldjuniorhiIghscho()Ｉｓａｎｄｔｏｉｎｖｅ剖ig8ltescho()Iteacllcrs
understandingofandattitudcstowardthec(DI1ceptofsustaiI1abIcdcvel(DpmcnI，Basedonthesefindings.ａ「urlherstudyoI1teachers・skillsandKII〕pr()priateinstrucli()ｎｓ(rateRiesifbrESDwerc

pr()ceeded,mndlhenESDleachingm〔】dul“ｈ)rjuniorI1ilFllscIloolsweredevelopednndt&lugI】tin
schooIsbylhewayofactionresearchl(〕exillninclhcte2lchillgandlearningofESDinrealeducation
settings､ＡｓｔｕｄｙｏｎＥＳＤＲ〕rhighHcho(jlshaｓI)eelllaullchcdsoonaftcrthepreviousresearchwas
HnishedTbisreseilrchteamintends（(）estilbIishacomprchensiveacademicullderstandin鷲oland

appIicationlOrESDinTaiwan・CurrenlIy,ｔｈｅｒｎ【io11aI､educationalgoals､ｃｏｒｅｃ()ncepts･instructional
methods・curriculumdesigns､andworkingsllee(ｓｏｆＥＳＤｆｂｒＲｒａｄｅＩｔｏＨｒａｄｅ９ＩlasbeendeveIoped．

ＥＮＩ、?ＯﾊｱＭＥＮＴＡＬＥＤＵＣｌＴＩＯｌｖＶＯＬ・応Ｎｏ．３

ＴｂｅＰｍｃｌ/CCS()fEdu(･ｎｌｋ)'】H〕ｒＳ(js【ｨ'"labﾉｅＤｅ１．eﾉopJJ】ｃｊ)【jllJWjDJlfjﾉＴＩＩ八raJ】jVOrl】】３１［.】】ｈ(､厩l（７ｐＣ(､n(lucIin瓜rese孔rchq)、Ｅ【lvironmenIKllIZducati(DnlndicalorshDrg⑪vernmemaISeCIoDrS

Ｂｅｅｎａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｒ()IC（)ｆｉＩＩ１Ｉ)r(ｗｉｎｇＥＥｉｎＴａｉｗａｎ、ｔｈｅＧＩＥＥｉｎＮＴＮＵｂａｓａｒｅｓＩ〕onHibility（(）
pushgovernmentfbrw8lrdT1lere〔ore・ａｓｔｕｄｙｏＪ１ｄｃｖｅｌ()pｉＩｌＨａｓｅtofEnvironmenIalEducati()I1
lndicatorstoassessthelg〔wernmelltsectorsachievement（〕ｎｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｉｎｇＥＥｉｎＴａｉｗａｌｌｌ１Ｈｌｓｂｃｃｎ
ｉＩｎｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｅｄ，ＣｏｎｌｅｌｌＩ５ｌｌｌ８１ＩｙＨｉ§（〕lnationaIreports・ｉｎｔｃｒｖｉｅｗ５ｗｉｔｈｃｏｏｒｄｉｎａｔｏｒｓ（)ｌＥＥｉｎeＨ()vernmentalsec1ors､ａｎｄｓｕｍ'cys〔)nEEresearcher§andcducnt()rswereconductedt(〕sclcclaI1ddelerminellEEindicatolrs．

Ｔｈｉｓｓｔｕｄｙｂａｓｇ〔)nelbr(DuRh（hcprocessofconceptunlizinR・selecting・andRivin円（〕pcrati(Dllal
deImitionsofenvironmenlalcduca(ionindicarorsJtsrcsearchdesigni1lcIudestwostages:lbelirs（ｉ§toapplydocumemanaIysis､andinterviewstodevelopthedetaiＩｅｄｃ()mponents・evaIuati()、(Tilerin・dRlIac()lIection・andevaluali()nstrRlt噸ies:nndthelnaj(Ｄｒｎ)cｕｓ()fｔｈｅ＆ec()ｎｄｓｔａＨｅｉｓｔ()ｕ§Ｃｌ〕elplli

tcchniqllesandquesti()nllHlirc急ｕｒｖｃｙｔ(）ｃ()nfirmthevaIidiIyandreliabilityoftheiIldicKl(orsdevelopedinthenrstsmHc．

TheresuItsuggeslsthenHlli()､&llEEindicat()ｒｓｙｓｔｅｍｃ()ｕｌｄｃ()nsistoftbreec&Ｉに鷹()rics：ｉｎｐｕｔ，process,andoutputcateR()ries、Theinputindicatorsincludehumanresources・ｍａ(eriaIrc§()urc“・aｌｎｄＥＥ（)ffices､Theproccs§r8lにH()ryhastheindicat〔)ｒｓｏｆＲ(wcrnmcntaloperati()n．educali〔)I】（lnd
Irainin円．media＆teachin間matcrials・propaganda・reseHlrcI】andilIternationaIcooperati(〕n．Ｋｌ１Ｉｄ
ａｗａｒｄｓｆｏｒＥＥＴｈｅｏｕｌｐｕｌｃH1(ｅＲｏｒｖｃｏｎｔａｉｎｓｔｈｅｉｎｄｉｃａ(ｏｒｓｏ［environmen1aIli1era小・Ｈｌｎｄ⑰nN･iroI1menlaIacIions．

TI1eSuslainabIeCnmpusPr⑪lgr孔ｍｉｎＮＴＮＵ￣TaiwanSustainableCaml)uHProRrnnT..callinglbrapIly瓢calrenovalionandutilityoperali()1１（)ｆｃ〔lmpusestodemonstratclhccollcepLandmeettberequireIncllL()［suslainabledeveIopmellt.i§11()ｗ()〔ficiaIIyacomponentI〕rojecliI1TaliwanCovernmelll.ｓ℃hilⅡenIgc2008-Nati()naIDevel()pmenlPlal1..．
Inessence､theProgramhHldHIimcdl()ensurethatthefuturecampus､reRardlessofthescaIesiI1Hize、should・ａｔleast・ｂｅ〔)mｅlhal：

・ca11beparticipatedbyilⅡＩ】lembersofintereslduril1Rtl)Cdesign,constructioll．〔111．［u(urcoperalion・ｈａｓecologicalconcernsdurinlgthec(Dnstructiollalldopcrali(〕ｎａｌにrwards・canrespondt()ｌＩｌｅ（hHln円inlgncedsinfuturecurriculumconsislingawidearravo(ａｃ【ivilies・ｃａｎｓｅｒｖｅａｓａｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙｃｅｎｔｅｒlbrIife-longlearning､cullure-preservation､ａｎｄ猯hellersduringcmerlFency

IIavinRbccnalcadinHr()IeilI1(lconsullingcenterofSuslilinilbleCalmpusPr〔)gram､ＮＴＮＵｄｃｃｉｄｅｄｌ(）createaplalfbrInhDrHrsl.'MlI1dtGnchingandlearninHexl)cri(jncclbrsustainnbiliIyiI1ilscaII1pus．
Ａseries〔)fefh)rtshavebceI】l【lunchedt()convertａｎ()I。(ldIniIlislrationbuildingandlI1eildja〔，ｅｎｔ
Ｂ(Bhool卿ardenintoHlSu瓢tlinIlbIeCampus(SC)ofNTNUThemHljorefh)rtsinclude：
Raimwaterllarves【ingnndBIackWnlerTreatmcnlandl《ecyclingSystem（reducinLgdrHlsticaⅡvlI1caInou【1ｔ()fwaterused［romthcdtvwatersupplyingsy剖c、）ａ・ConstructedWellnnd:lreatinRblackwnIer(sewera関e)(ｉｒｓｔｂｙｌｈｅｓｅｐｔｉｃｔａｎｋａｌｌｄＲ)Ⅱ()wcdbv
aspeciaIdesignedconslrucledwelIand､ａｎｄ（ｂｅ【reHlledw8lterwaslaterusedh)rwaterinlglI】e
whoIegardenb・Rainwaterllar､'cslinRSysIcm：collectthcrainw(lｌｃｒ（romtheadministrali()Ilbuildinlgandreuseitft)ｒｔｈｅＩ(雌lnL1sIlinR．

ＥｊｖｌＷＹＯＭＶｌＷＴ.,ＭＥＤＵＣＡＴＩＯｊＶＷＬｊａｌｖＯＬ３

ＴＺ【J(･｝MllCLLLlAC

8０

Incre8lsingtheCampusBi(〕diversityclncreasingnmdl)iversifyin曙theSurr(DundingHabitat:ｅ島tablisl1iI1gconstrucledwetlaIIdand
aquaticpond・aIldtbetreatedwatcrtlleIlHeneratedmoretcrreslrialandaquntichabitatto
attractmoreHoraandIkluna．

。．GreenRoof(Ｒ(〕(Dfi(DpGarden）Ｓyslem：crealinRavegetabIegHlrdenatrooftopt()demonslrale

themethodsoforRaniclarmingandthcIinkwi[ｈｕｒｂａｎｌｉ(ewhilealsoreducethebuilding･sconsumptionofelectricitylbrair-condiIioninlgdurinlgsummer．
EnergyＣ()nservationSyslcm
e，Inst､ⅡSolarVollaicP81nclandSoImrIIuルｗｍｔｅｒＳｙｓｔｅｍｏｎｒ()()[t()ptogenerateeIectricityand
hotwaterfbrtbebuildingandsavingtheenerlgyconsumption，fDesignandlnstnllcdSpeciaI-desigmedSum･shclfbIockthedirect：unli恩htandreneclnatural
Iilmtintotheroomso〔thebuilding､dccreilsinRindoor･slightiI1HenerEydemand
Envir(〕nmemalEducati《DnandlnterpretationSyslem

R．OpenupthehlciIitic；ｔｏＮＴＮＵｆａｃｕｌＩｉｃ目crossalldisciplinesKIslhepMtfbrmlbrlheircourse
teachingfbrdｅｍ()nstratingthepossiblew8lysofsustainabIeIivinlK．

ｈ・DeveIopedandinstalledinterpretivemediHh(including8piecesofinterpretivepanels・oI1eself
Huidedtrailbrochure､ａｎｄａｐoster）ｋ)rbo1hthepubIicaIldschooluserｓｔｏｉｍｐｒ(〕vethe
universilvandneighborinRcommunity､Sim§ilghtandinterestonthesile．
ｉ、AneducatiomalpacketincIuding4wｅｌＩｄｅｓｉｇｎｅｄＥＳＤｔｅｎｃｈｉｎｇｍｏｄｕｌｅｓｂyusingthe
sustainabIecampussiteａｓｔｈｅｂａｓｅｎ)rleachiI1gweredevelopedft)renbancinRtheESDlbr
studenlsoftheprimaryscbooIlevcl

ｏｆ化rin鷹ESDGencraIEducationC(〕urse

Ｔ(）pro、(〕teuniversitystudents,awareXles§（)（sustainabledevelopmenLseveralgeneralcourses

ofenvironmentaleduca(ionhavebeenoffered．ＡｗｅⅡｋｎｏｗｎcourse（~EnvironmentaIEthicsand

SustainabIedevelopmenr)directlyrelatedtotIlcconceptofsustain：lbIedevelophasbeenliluHhtfbr
lI1epastburyears・Thiscoursealwaysal(racts70-80studentseveryselnesler､andhiresseveraI
lcachin鰹assistantst()ｆnciIilalestudentslearninR､TI1eexpenＳｃofhirinHleachingassistamsisfunded
bytheMinistryofEducHlIi()nloencourageoHU･inRESDgeneralcourse，AcurricuIumframework()fsustainablcdcvcl()I)ｍｅＩ１ｔｋ)rcollegeHel1craleducationwasdeveI()ｐｅｄａｓｈ)llows：

Ｇ()nIsfbrcoIIegesustainnbledevelopmentcducati()、・Educatingstudentstobeawareofanｄｃａｒｅａｂ(〕ｕｔｌｏｃａｌａｎｄｗ〔)rldenvironmentaLsociaLand
dcveIopmentalissues．

・ｏｆ血rin円IearninRopporlunilieslbrs[udellls（olcarnawarenes時．ｋ､()wledge、value§、skills・and
Huclionexperienceslbrsust&hinabledevel()pment．

・DeveIopingasustainabIedevelopmentbelMwi()ｒ、〔DdelfOrindividu【l1samdsociety，Ｃｌ)ｒｅｃ(､nccptsofcollegesustninabledeveI〔)pmemteducation

・EIwironmentaIethic：themeaningofsustKliIMlblcdevelopment・ｔｈｅ〔lcvelopmentofthec()､ceptsof
clwironmentaIconservati()nandsustainabl(２．ぃPelopment、lherelKlti(〕nshipsbetwcenpc()pleandenvironment・thereIali(DnshipsamonRenvironment・society、nndeconomicsundersustainabIe
dcvclopment．

・SuslainabIeenvironment：environmenmlchKIlMg“・ｌｏｃａｌａｎｄｗ(DrIdelwironmen(alprobIems・ｔｈｅｉｎⅡuencesofenvironmenlalissuesonIlumal1dailylife，ｔｈｅｄい'eIopmentofIocaIimdworIdcIwir()I1meI1talc(〕nserv5lliol１．

．SustainabIeeconomics：lIlecIlangesanddevcl〔)pmentofeconomicqllstructures，thelimitIltionof
I1aIuralresources､thecllerHyutilizatiollaIud(xEonomicaldevelopmellI､theeconomiculldevelopment

ＥｊＷ７ＲＯｊＶＭＥＮＴ４ＬＥＤＵＣｌＴＩＤＮｌＰＯＬj５ＡＦＯ３

TlJel?､C【jbufMf団llmlitjnjbrSIIslniJlabhDWemPmCnIjhjVnljbn副ｌ】勘nWJjMJImHlUjJﾊｧe庵ily釘
andlilbquality．

･SuslainmbIes(】ciely：thech8ulgesal】ddevelDpmclutof＆ocietaIstructurcs．＄ociillissues鋤chas
poverty，gender･education．；lbpriginalpcop]e…tbedeveIopmentofcityaJldruralareas・world
respon5ibility．

ConclusiIDn

sub瓢HlnlialchnngeHresuIlil】phenomc】lalprogm粥.Ｂｏｔｈ⑥ducationHlIilln(watioI1H（rcsca】Fcbwork:hndgcnel･aIeducation)[mdinfrastructu1℃renowlli()nｓ(lgreeJurooLwetlHul(Lwind8MIdsolarI)ower-..）haveimprovcdteHlcllersandstudentsnwarcJIess()fattitudest()wardmndevenp8l1Flicipalioni11theendenv()ｒｏｆＥＳＤ.Ｏ雌ringundergradlMltecourses()nsuStainHhbledeveIopment.。eveIopingte5lchingmaterinI瑞ｈ)rsustilinabIedcveI()pmentatK-91evclconductinHESDwo】･k5hopsft)relementaryilnd$econdHlryteacher島．netwoX･kin直ｗｉｔｈＩ〔〕cｎｌＮＧＯｓ（)nissueii【UndactivitiesrelatCdtosustilinabledeveIop1ncnt・ａｎｄｍａｎａ蝿ｉｎ区ｅｄｕｃａ【i()nalfaciIitiesfordemons【rali()ｎｏｆｅｎｅｒｇｙａｍｄｗ５Ｈｔｅｒｃｏｎｓｅｒｖ８ltion・ｗｉｌ瓢ewaterlrentmembymnn-mildewetland．＆lndorg2i【IicfarmiI1Honmoft()ｐｆｂｒ
爵tudent爵ａｎｄｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙｗｉⅡｂｃｒｅＨｕｌ８ｌｒｗｏｒｋｓ〔〕fＮＴＮＵ、Tl1cuniversilysetshcrgo【１１ｔ(）ｂｅａ
sustainabIeuniver$ity．

IWVl】?ＯＮＭＥｒＶＴＡＬ ＥＤＵＣＡＴＪＯＮＶＯＬＪａハ'０３