30/11/2010

Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

IPCC Expert Meeting on HWP
HWP, Wetlands and Soil N2O

19-21 October 2010, Geneva

Simon Eggleston, Head TFI TSU
Wetlands, HWP and Soil N2O: IPCC response to request from SBSTA,
Side Event, Monday, 29 Nov 2010, Cancun

Introduction• In response to the invitation of SBSTA 32, the IPCC held
an Expert Meeting in Geneva, (19-21 October 2010) to:“explore the need and ways to clarify methodological issues
related to reportingpg on harvested wood pproducts,, wetlands
and nitrous oxide emissions from soils”(FCCC/SBSTA/2010/L.12)

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Meeting Overview• The meeting considered the three topics, harvested wood products,wetlands and nitrous oxide emissions from soil.
• The meeting considered that the methodological advice contained in
the 2006 IPCC Guidelines still reflects the latest science.
 For HWP and Soil N2O a few editorial issues were noted, and corrigenda or
FAQ addressing these will be issued by the TFI.
 For Wetlands:
 the meeting considered that additional guidance for estimating emissions fromsome wetlands (re(re-wetting
wetting and restoration of peat lands; fires; ditches; waterborne
carbon; and constructed wetlands for waste water disposal) could be produced,
 however, for flooded lands the science is less well developed and further
consideration of some underling issues is needed before these gaps can be filled.

3Meeting outputs• A full report containing the detailed scientific information andparticipants discussions will be produced in due course, following areview by participants.
• The Co-chairs' Summary, which was adopted at the expert meeting,gives the key conclusions. These are discussed in the remainder ofthis presentation.

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Wetlands (1)• The Wetland chapter (volume 4, chapter 7) of the 2006 IPCC

Guidelines identifies gaps which could not be filled at the time thep
2006 IPCC Guidelines were compiled.
These include rewettingg ofpeatlands and wetland restoration (conversion of land to wetlands, orwetlands remaining wetlands), and CO2 and CH4 emissions fromreservoirs (flooded lands remaining flooded lands, or lands converted
to flooded lands).
• Much new scientific information is now available and the meeting
recommended that the IPCC provide additional methodological
guidelines for the rewetting and restoration of peat lands;
emissions from fires, ditches and waterborne carbon; andconstructed wetlands for waste water disposal, to fill gaps in theexisting guidelines.

5Wetlands (2)• The meeting also noted that there are now a large number of newEFs measurements and other information available across climate
zones foraddressed
f wetlands
tl d andd ddrainage
iddd iin otherth llandd use
chapters. The meeting recommended that an expert meeting beheld to assess these data and develop emission factors fromthis information to enable more accurate country- and regionspecific estimates to be made. The meeting also recommended
that the TFI actively collect such data and add it to the EFDB.

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Wetlands: Flooded Lands (Reservoirs)• In the 2006 Guidelines there is only a method for the estimation ofCO2 from the conversion of land to flooded lands. Methods for CH4
pppg
are in appendices“for the developmentof future methodologicalguidance” as is a different approach for CO2 from lands converted toflooded lands.
• The meeting discussed whether there was now sufficient new
information available to produce new and additional guidance.
• The participants discussed a range of associated issues, such as thepact ofo reservoirs
ese o s ono totaltota eemissions
ss o s fromo watersheds,
ate s eds, aallocation
ocat o oof
impactemissions to specific drivers and how emissions may be related tospecific reservoir typologies.
• The meeting concluded that there should be an expert meeting
to discuss all the new science and issues surrounding thedevelopment of new guidelines for reservoirs.
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Harvested Wood Products• The meeting agreed that the methodological guidance in the 2006
IPCC Guidelines is correct, but noted that the entire chapter needs tobe considered to ensure there are no inconsistencies with other partsof the guidelines. The participants also noted that the guidance iscomplex and proposed the development of FAQ (frequentlyasked questions) that would guide users to the correct, fullimplementation of the guidelines.
• The participants noted that to produce estimates for HWP according
to the approaches currently being discussed in the UNFCCC AWGKP negotiations (FCCC/KP/AWG/2010/CRP.3) may require somemodification to the existing guidelines.

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Soil N2O (1)• The participants agreed that the methods in the 2006 IPCC

Guidelines reflect the latest scientific literature, but noted that theemission factors were based mainly on information from temperateregions.
i• They agreed that there is no N2O from the biological nitrogen fixation
process itself (this was included in earlier guidelines but removed
from the 2006 IPCC Guidelines).
• There has been a lot of work published on N2O emissions from soils
since the 2006 IPCC Guidelines were published and this should
allow for the development of more regional or country specificemission factors. This would allow greater stratification by climate,soil, management and leaching. The meeting proposed an expert
meeting to assess recent literature and consider stratified EF1
values for the EFDB.
9Soil N2O (2)• The meeting also noted that the atmospheric N2O increase is notmatched by bottom-up estimates of anthropogenic N2O emissionsb thebuth reasons ffor thishi are unclear.
lIIncreasedd measurements off
currently under represented systems (e.g. large river deltas) may
help resolve this issue. This meeting proposed a joint expert
meeting with IPCC WG I to explore this gap.

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Summary• The 2006 IPCC GLs still reflect the latest science,– For HWP and Soil N2O editorial corrigenda and FAQ will be issued.
– For wetlands
wetlands, new science is now available for initiating the developmentof additional guidance.
• More consideration of flooded lands is needed– to produce estimates for HWP according to the approaches currently
being discussed in the UNFCCC AWG-KP negotiations may require
some modification to the existing guidelines.

• For all three areas,– technical clarification guidance will be provided as web-based questions
and answers.
– population of Emission Factor Data Base will be undertaken.

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Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

Thank you126