ISSN 1020-914X

UNAFEI

NEWSLETTERUNITED NATIONS ASIA AND FAR EASTINSTITUTE FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRIME
AND THE TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS

No. 162
December 2021

Established1961
IN THIS ISSUE

Page

LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR ........................................................................................................................... 1
THE 175TH INTERNATIONAL TRAINING COURSE ......................................................................................... 3
TREATMENT OF WOMEN OFFENDERS
Course Rationale .......................................................................................................................................... 3
Course Summary.......................................................................................................................................... 8
Lecture Topics.............................................................................................................................................. 9
Individual Presentation Topics .................................................................................................................... 10
Action Plans ................................................................................................................................................. 12
Reference Materials ................................................................................................................................... 14
Expert and Participant List .......................................................................................................................... 15
THE 23RD UNAFEI UNCAC TRAINING PROGRAMME .................................................................................... 18
INFORMATION ABOUT FORTHCOMING PROGRAMMES ............................................................................ 21
Training Seminar for the Officers Involved in Juvenile Justice in Kenya ................................................................ 21
The 177th International Senior Seminar .................................................................................................................... 21
Comparative Study on the Criminal Justice Systems of Japan and Nepal ............................................................. 21
First International Training Programme on Building Inclusive Societies ................................................................. 21
Exchange Programme between the Japanese Prosecution Service
and the Supreme People's Procuracy of Viet Nam..................................................................................................... 21
FACULTY AND STAFF OF UNAFEI..................................................................................................................... 22

UNAFEI IS AN AFFILIATED REGIONAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNITED NATIONS

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HOME PAGE: http://www.unafei.or.jp/

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LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR
It is my privilege to inform readers of the successful completion of the 175th International
Training Course on the Treatment of Women Offenders, which took place online from 26
October to 11 November 2021. In this Course, we welcomed 21 overseas participants: 14 from
Asia, 2 from Africa, 3 from Central America and 2 from Oceania. The participants included
corrections officers, probation officers, police officers, government attorneys and other public
officials involved in the field of crime prevention and criminal justice. As this newsletter
demonstrates, the Course was extremely productive. It consisted of lectures by visiting experts,
ad hoc lecturers, UNAFEI faculty members, individual presentations and interactive online
discussion sessions.
Despite accounting for less than 10 per cent of the global prison population, the number ofwomen in prison is increasing at more than double the rate of men. While prisons and treatment
programmes are oriented toward men, women offenders share a set of unique, gender-specificcharacteristics. They are socially and economically marginalized; they have prior histories oftrauma and sexual abuse and higher rates of mental health issues; they tend to commit nonviolent crimes; and they are typically the primary caregivers of minor children. Women
offenders cannot effectively rehabilitate or reintegrate themselves into society unless theirunique needs are addressed. Accordingly, criminal justice systems need to become gender
informed, create gender-responsive (based on the lived experience of women and girls) policies
and practices, and provide gender-specific interventions on an individual basis.
UNAFEI, as one of the institutes of the United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal
Justice Programme Network, held this Course to offer participants an opportunity to clarify andanalyse the current situation of the treatment of women offenders in each participating country
and to explore more effective practices for doing so. Additionally, the participants were able
to share experiences, gain knowledge, and build a human network of counterparts.
During the Course, the participants diligently and comprehensively examined the main
theme, primarily through a comparative analysis. The participants shared their own experiences
and knowledge of the issues and identified problems and areas in which improvements could
be made. With the academic and practical input from the visiting experts, ad hoc lecturers and
UNAFEI faculty – and the in-depth discussions they had with each other – the participants are
now better equipped to enhance the policies and practices related to the treatment of women
offenders in their respective countries.
I would like to offer my sincere congratulations to all the participants upon their successful
completion of the Course, made possible by their strenuous efforts. My heartfelt gratitude goesout to the visiting experts and ad hoc lecturers who contributed a great deal to the Course’s
success. Furthermore, I appreciate the indispensable assistance and cooperation extended to
UNAFEI by various agencies and institutions that helped diversify the Course.
I would also like to express my great appreciation to the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA) for its immeasurable support throughout the Course. At the same time, a warm
tribute must be paid to the Asia Crime Prevention Foundation (ACPF) and its branchorganizations for their substantial contributions to our activities. Lastly, I owe my gratitude to
all the individuals whose unselfish efforts behind the scenes contributed significantly to thesuccessful realization of this Course.

22With the knowledge and perspectives gained through this training course, I genuinely
believe that, like their predecessors, the strong determination and dedication of the participants
will enable them to work towards the improvement of their respective nations’ criminal justicesystems, and towards the benefit of international society as a whole.
Finally, I would like to reiterate my best regards to the participants of the 175thInternational Training Course. I hope that the experience they gained during the Course proves
valuable in their daily work and that the bonds fostered among the participants, visiting experts
and UNAFEI staff will continue to grow for many years to come.
November 2021

MORINAGA Taro
Director, UNAFEI

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THE 175TH INTERNATIONAL TRAINING COURSE
TREATMENT OF WOMEN OFFENDERS
Course Rationale
Historically, male offenders have been the dominant population in the criminal justiceprocess; therefore, offender treatment and rehabilitation processes had been developed anddesigned for men based on the findings, practices and research focused on men. Hence, thespecific needs and realities of women offenders had been overlooked for a long time in theirtreatment.
However, women offenders have distinct needs, realities and requirements stemming fromtheir physical, biological, social, historical, economic and cultural conditions and backgrounds.
Hence, in order to prevent their reoffending and to successfully rehabilitate and reintegrate theminto society, their gender-specific needs must be addressed. Such considerations ensure that all
offenders are able to receive individualized and non-discriminatory treatment.
Some of the key gender-specific conditions which impact the rehabilitation and social
reintegration of female offenders include their caretaking responsibilities, poverty, mental healthissues and the commission of non-violent crimes. First, many women offenders are pregnant or
are mothers with primary caretaking responsibilities, or sometimes both. With a view tosuccessfully reintegrating them into society as citizens with a productive role, correctional andprobation practitioners need to align treatment and supervision with the best interests of thewomen’s born or unborn children. In this regard, mothers and pregnant women should be kept
in the community as long as possible in order to take care of their children and maintain theirfamily bonds. Imprisonment should be a last resort.
Second, poverty, connected with economic deprivation and household disruption, 1 is oneof the most significant factors contributing to their offending. Many women offenders who arein contact with the criminal justice system are undereducated and unskilled because of theirsocial environments. 2 In addition, the majority of women offenders face difficulties in findingor maintaining employment, and they are often employed in temporary, low-paid or entry-level
work with little chance for promotion. 3 Therefore, it is critically important to provide
educational interventions and employment support, such as vocational training, to build theirconfidence and skills and to empower them with better job opportunities and living
environments, which will enable them to live independently in the community.
Third, a high rate of mental health problems, such as post-traumatic stress disorder,
depression, anxiety and a tendency to attempt self-harm, have been reported for women

Global Prison Trends. (2019). Penal Reform International and Thailand Institute of Justice.
https://www.penalreform.org/resource/global-prison-trends-2019/2
Covington. S & Bloom. B. (2007). Gender-Responsive Treatment and Services in Correctional Settings,
Women & Therapy, 29 (3-4), p. 9-33.
3
Shawn. M. & Flower. M. (2010). Employment and Female Offenders: An Update of the Empirical Research.
National Institute of Corrections. U.S. Department of Justice.
http://www.ncdsv.org/images/NIC_EmploymentAndFemaleOffenders_11-2010.pdf
1

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4
prisoners. 4 Such problems are related to their histories of drug use and physical or sexual abuse,
etc. These backgrounds also compound the risk of the additional medical concerns of sexuallytransmitted infections and reproductive diseases, including hepatitis and HIV. 5 In addition,
various research has pointed out the co-occurrence of substance abuse, mental health problems
and past victimization among women offenders. 6 Absent appropriate interventions andtreatment responding to these problems, successful rehabilitation and social reintegration will
be difficult. Hence, gender-specific medical and health care support need to be provided for
women offenders, and such support should incorporate “trauma-informed” approaches, which
consider offenders’ trauma and past victimization, particularly how it influences women’s social
lives, such as substance abuse, mental health, family relationships and the ability to engage in
pro-social daily living. 7
Finally, it should be noted that the majority of crimes committed by women are minor
offences such as theft. Thus, they neither deserve severe punishment nor pose a serious threat
to public security.
Being mindful of these considerations and with the recognition that the number of female
prisoners has significantly increased over the years, 8 there has been a growing trend in theinternational community to respond to women’s specific needs in providing treatment andsupport in prison and in the community.
As a cornerstone for gender-responsive criminal justice, the United Nations Rules for theTreatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders (theBangkok Rules) 9 were adopted in 2010. The Bangkok Rules specify the basic principles of thetreatment of women offenders throughout the criminal justice process. In particular, theyemphasize the importance of considering women’s specific needs, such as gender-sensitive
health care, specialized treatment programmes, contact with families and effective
implementation of non-custodial sanctions and measures. The Bangkok Rules also stress theimportance of capacity-building, stating that all the officials who engage in the treatment andrehabilitation of women offenders must be well-trained and equipped with necessary knowledge
and skills to address the gender-specific needs of women offenders.
Moreover, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (or Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs)) 10 was adopted in 2015; in particular, Goal 5.c seeks to “[a]dopt and strengthensound policies and enforceable legislation for the promotion of gender equality and theempowerment of all women and girls at all levels”. Also, the “Kyoto Declaration”, adopted at
the 14th UN Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, 11 emphasizes the importance
Women’s health in prison: urgent need for improvement in gender equity and social justice. (2009). World
Health Organization. https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/87/6/09-066928/en/
5
Prisons and Health. (2014). World Health Organization.
http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/249188/Prisons-and-Health.pdf
6Patricia Van Voorhis. (2013). Women’s Risk Factors and New Treatments/Interventions for Addressing Them:
Evidence-Based Interventions in the United States and Canada. UNAFEI Resource Materials. No. 90.
7
Berman. J. Women Offender Transition and Reentry: Gender Responsive Approaches toTransitioning Women Offenders from Prison to the Community. Center for Effective Public Policy for the
National Institute of Corrections. U.S. Department of Justice. https://www.cmcainternational.org/wpcontent/uploads/2019/10/Women-offender-transition-nd-reentry.pdf
8
Global Prison Trends 2019. op. cit. p. 20.
9General Assembly resolution 65/229 of 21 December 2010.
10
General Assembly resolution 70/1 of 25 September 2015.
11
A/CONF.234/16 (Report of the Fourteenth United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal
Justice).
45
5of mainstreaming a gender perspective into criminal justice systems. Paragraph 43 encourages
the Member States to “develop and implement appropriate and effective policies and plans toachieve gender equality and remove impediments to the advancement of women and women’s
empowerment in law enforcement and other criminal justice institutions at all levels, and in thisregard pledge to take further concrete action to ensure the full, effective and accelerated
implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 9 and of the outcome
documents as adopted at the twenty-third special session of the General Assembly. 12 Paragraph
44 refers to “mainstream[ing] a gender perspective into the criminal justice system by promoting
gender-responsive measures that address the gender-specific needs of both offenders and victims,
including the protection of women and girls from revictimization in criminal justiceproceedings”.
In line with these international instruments, a number of implementation tools have beendeveloped. For instance, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) developed
its “Handbook on Women and Imprisonment”, 13 which introduces specific needs of women
offenders, including the ways to handle their past victimization and gender-specific health care.
It also developed the “Guidelines on drug prevention and treatment for girls and women”, 14
which provide evidence-based strategies on how to treat drug-related disorders of women andgirls.
Furthermore, such gender-responsive approaches should not be undermined amid the Covid19 pandemic. Every possible measure should be taken to ensure continuity of access to genderresponsive rehabilitative activities during the pandemic and prison lockdown. In addition,
greater and effective use of non-custodial measures and community-based treatment areencouraged more than ever, especially for women offenders whose release would notcompromise public safety considering the nature of the offence and the offender’s personal
background.
With these considerations in mind, the training course focused on the following points: (i)gender-responsive approaches to improve correctional treatment and support in prison and in
the community; and (ii) effective use of non-custodial measures, taking into consideration
women offender’s gender-specific conditions and backgrounds.
Regarding the first point, based on the common understanding set out by the Bangkok Rules
and other relevant international instruments, as well as empirical research findings, particularattention should be paid to certain areas to ensure gender-responsive approaches. For instance,child caretaking responsibilities, pregnancy, family relations, health care, substance abuse andaddiction, and trauma and past victimization (e.g. trauma-informed care) are the issues thatshould be particularly addressed in prison and in the community. Further, in the community,
women offenders may face barriers to successful social reintegration, such as single
motherhood, decreased economic potential, lack of services and programmes targeted for
women, and a general lack of community support. Given this reality, it is important to provide
opportunities to improve women’s socio-economic conditions through appropriate supervisionand support in the community by engaging various stakeholders that can offer gender-responsive

General Assembly resolution S-23/2, annex, and resolution S-23/3, annex.
Published in 2014. https://www.unodc.org/documents/justice-and-prison-reform/women_and_imprisonment__2nd_edition.pdf
14
Published in 2016. https://www.unodc.org/documents/drug-prevention-andtreatment/unodc_2016_drug_prevention_and_treatment_for_girls_and_women_E.pdf
12
13

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services and support. 15 Special attention should also be paid to the capacity-building measures
for staff who engage in the treatment and rehabilitation of women offenders and how to deliver
them in a gender-responsive way, as mentioned in the Bangkok Rules.
The second point addresses the effective application of non-custodial measures. It is wellknown that imprisonment alone is insufficient to prevent reoffending and that it has a large
adverse effect on social reintegration, due to stigmatization, restricted contacts with family, etc.,
and other risks inherent in institutionalization. Likewise, custodial measures at the pre-trial or
pre-sentencing stages, such as arrest, remand and pre-trial detention, have negative impacts onsocial reintegration. Therefore, in line with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for
Non-custodial Measures 16 (the “Tokyo Rules”), imprisonment and custodial measures shouldbe the “last resort”. Even where imprisonment is imposed, offenders should be released at theearliest possible stage. When it comes to women offenders, more emphasis should be given to
active and appropriate use of non-custodial sanctions and measures, as stipulated in the Bangkok
Rules, given the minor and non-violent nature of the crimes they usually commit, taking accountof their histories of victimization, and with a view to avoiding higher risks that may be incurred
when separating them from their family and the community because of the importance of
caretaking responsibilities and family ties. Furthermore, in order to facilitate the application of
non-custodial sanctions and measures to better rehabilitate and reintegrate women offenders into
society, it is of vital importance to ensure availability of necessary interventions and support inthe community which address specific problems and difficulties women offenders face, once
they are released from prison or once their custodial measures end. To this end, criminal justicepolicies should facilitate the involvement of all relevant public and private stakeholders.
Main Theme
The main theme of the programme was “Treatment of Women Offenders”. The objective of
the programme was to share good practices and explore effective measures of intervention andtreatment that promote rehabilitation and the prevention of reoffending in regard to women
offenders. This programme will contribute to the achievement of the SDGs, in particular, Goal 5(“Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls”) and Goal 16 (“Promote peacefuland inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build
effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels”).
Through a variety of lectures and presentations and discussions, participants learned thetheories, underlying principles and practical experiences of other countries. The programme
enabled participants to acquire new and different viewpoints on, and inspired them to revisit andconsider, possible ways to improve their own systems and practices. The experience of gaining
a multifaceted view and understanding by each participant of his or her own system and practices
will eventually contribute to renewed or improved policy concerning the treatment of women
offenders in their respective countries. Further, it will lead to enhanced rehabilitation of women
offenders and their reintegration into the community and will ultimately contribute to the buildingof stable and peaceful societies based on core values such as human rights and the rule of law.
In addition, the programme promoted the formation of a personal and professional network
among the participants, which will benefit each one of them and their respective countries in the
future through the sharing of updated information, thus enhancing international cooperation in
the field of crime prevention and criminal justice.
15
16

Covington. S & Bloom. B. (2006). op. cit.
General Assembly resolution 45/110 of 14 December 1990.

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Key Topics of the Programme
The following are key topics that were addressed during the programme:
1)

2)

3)

4)

Current circumstances of women offenders in each jurisdiction• Prevalent types of crime committed by women offenders• Gender-specific social, historical, economic and cultural background
Gender-responsive approaches to promote rehabilitation and social reintegration
Assessment, intervention and support responding to gender-specific needs in prison andin the community
 Medical and health care issues, including substance abuse and addiction
 Family and children issues
 Socio-economic issues, including single motherhood, education, employment andpoverty• Trauma-informed approaches considering past victimization and other adverse
experiences• A multidimensional and multi-stakeholder approach to providing support and making
arrangements to foster rehabilitation and social reintegration• Practical challenges in ensuring gender-responsive approaches and countermeasures•

Effective and appropriate use and application of non-custodial measures
Current situation of non-custodial measures for women offenders Non-custodial dispositions and measures available at the pre-trial stage (e.g.
suspension of prosecution, diversion through mediation, bail, etc.), the trial andsentencing stage (e.g. fine, community service order, probation, suspended sentence)and the post-sentencing stage (e.g. parole, conditional release, remission, furlough)(See the Tokyo Rules, paras. 5-9)
 Conditions for applying non-custodial measures (e.g. types of offences, severity ofpenalty, mediation)
 Relevant stakeholders/agencies involved to facilitate the application of non-custodial
measures• Practical challenges in the effective application of non-custodial measures andcountermeasures•

Capacity-building measures for staff
Current situation and practical challenges in the capacity-building for staff who engage
in the treatment and rehabilitation of women offenders• Effective implementation of training programmes that enable staff to address the genderspecific needs and the special reintegration requirements of women offenders, asmentioned in the Bangkok Rules 29-35.
•

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Course Summary
Lectures
During the Course, the participants attended a variety of lectures, presentations anddiscussion sessions, including 1 presented by the visiting expert, 4 by ad hoc lecturers and 1
by a faculty member of UNAFEI. The distinguished lecturers addressed issues relating to themain theme of the Course and contributed significantly beyond their lectures by encouraging
discussions during the live question and answer sessions. In the live session with the visiting
expert, participants were divided into 2 groups to discuss and propose a plan to put into practicethe Guiding Principles for Gender-Responsive Services recommended in the lecture, and eachgroup was given feedback from the visiting expert. The ad hoc lectures were delivered bypractitioners affiliated with governmental entities and private treatment organizations. The
lecturers and lecture topics are listed on page 9.
Individual Presentations
During the first week of the course, all participants delivered individual presentations
which introduced the situation, problems and future prospects of the participants’ countries.
These papers were distributed to all the participants. The titles of these individual presentation
papers are listed on pages 10 to 11
Action Plans
As the primary output of the Course, each participant prepared an individual action plan toimplement new or improved practices in the participant’s country. The action plans consisted of
two parts. Firstly, the participants were asked to summarize their key takeaways from the Course;
secondly, they were asked to create a measurable, practical plan for implementing new policies
or practices. These action plans were subsequently presented in the plenary report-back sessions,where they were discussed by the participants and UNAFEI faculty members. The titles ofthese action plans are provided on pages 12 to 13

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Lecture Topics

Visiting Experts’ Lectures
1)

Dr. Stephanie S. Covington
Co-Director, Institute for Relational Development and Co-Director, Center for Gender &Justice• Gendered Justice: Creating Services for WomenUNAFEI Professors’ Lectures
1)

Ms. TAKAI Ayaka, Professor, UNAFEI• Supervision/Treatment of Female Clients in the Community Setting in Japan

Ad Hoc Lectures
1)

Ms. KAMIOKA Harue
Founder, Women’s Drug Addiction Rehabilitation Center (DARC)• Mother–Child Programme for Women with Drug Use Disorders and Their Kids
• Outcomes of Interviews with Women with Lived Experiences of Addiction and Their
Children2)

Ms. KINOSHITA Toshimi
President, Women’s Halfway House “Ryozenkai”• Halfway House (Rehabilitation Facility) “Ryozenkai”

3)

Ms. ODAGIRI Mari
Chief, Sendai Regional Correction Headquarters• Characteristics of Women’s Correctional Institutions – Challenges and Solutions

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10
Individual Presentation Topics
Overseas Participants1)

Ms. Desiana Natalia Sagita (ASEAN Community (Indonesia))• ASEAN's Work on Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment, and Promotion andProtection of the Rights of Women and Children

2)

Ms. Flory Flores Sanchez (ASEAN Community (Philippines))• Individual Presentation Paper of Jail Senior Superintendent Flory F. Sanchez on theTreatment of Offenders (Focus on Prison, Probation and Parole)3)

Ms. Nur Asyikin Hamzah (ASEAN Community (Singapore))• Implementing Gender Responsive Practices to Rehabilitate and Support the Community
Reintegration of Women Offenders in Singapore

4)

Mr. Dao Van Le (ASEAN Community (Viet Nam))• Treatment of Female Offenders in Viet Nam Corrections

5)

Mr. Namik Hasanov (Azerbaijan)• Penitentiary Service of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Azerbaijan

6)

Ms. Maria Delcarmen Lopez (Belize)• Female Incarceration

7)

Mr. David Brandon Mckoy (Belize)• Care and Treatment of Female Offenders

8)

Mr. Kenroy Karl Elijio (Belize)• Care and Treatment of Female Offenders

9)

Mr. Vitou Mao (Cambodia)• The Current Situation of Treatment of Female Offenders in Cambodia

10)

Mr. Mowafaq Mishael Alsnaid (Jordan)• The Way of Correction and Rehabilitation

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11
11)

Mr. Sukur Bin Noordin (Malaysia)• Strategies for Community Correction (Focus on Parole)

12)

Mr. Norul Hisyam Bin Ismail (Malaysia)• Best Practices in Meeting the Needs of Women Offenders

13)

Mr. Navindranath Beedassy (Mauritius)• Treatment of Women Offenders in the Mauritius Prison Service

14)

Ms. Nandanee Dussoye (Mauritius)• Treatment of Women Offenders in Prison (Focus on Prisons/Probation and Parole)

15)

Mr. Munkhsaikhan Choindon (Mongolia)• Treatment of Women Offenders

16)

Ms. Frances Fajardo Magnaan (Philippines)• Parole and Probation Supervision Program in the Phillipines

17)

Ms. Leilani Reyes Serzo (Philippines)• Individual Presentation Paper on the Treatment of Offenders (Focus on Prison,
Probation and Parole)18)

Ms. Chathurangi Jayathri Mahawaduge (Sri Lanka)• Critical Analysis of the Treatment of Women Offenders in Sri Lanka

19)

Ms. Irani Ganga Wakishta Arachchi Sri Lanka)• Does the Penalty Always Fit the Crime – Treatment of Women Offenders in Sri Lanka

20)

Ms. Maria Helena Dos Santos (Timor-Leste)• Different Prisons for Women Offenders

21)

Ms. Helena Madeira Gomes (Timor-Leste)• Improvement of Women Offenders’ Treatment

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Action Plans
Overseas Participants
1)

Ms. SAGITA Desiana Natalia (ASEAN Community – Indonesia)• Enhancing Gender-Responsive Treatment of Women Offenders and Women Prisoners
in ASEAN

2)

Ms. SANCHEZ Flory Flores (ASEAN Community – Philippines)•Treatment of Women Offenders (Focus on Parole and Probation)

3)

Ms. Nur Asyikin Hamzah (ASEAN Community – Singapore)• Making the Invisible . . . More Visible . . .

4)

Mr. LE Van Dao (ASEAN Community – Viet Nam)
• Vocational Training for Women Offenders

5)

Mr. HASANOV Namik (Azerbaijan)• The Rehabilitation and Reintegration of Women Offenders into the Community after
Their Release in Azerbaijan

6)

Mr. MCKOY David Brandon (Belize)• Marketing of Products by Female Offenders

7)

Mr. ELIJIO Kenroy Karl (Belize)• A Gender Responsive Approach Action Plan for the Belize Police Department

8)

Ms. LOPEZ Maria del Carmen (Belize)• Sensitization Training on Trauma among Female Offenders for Guards

9)

Mr. MAO Vitou (Cambodia)• Community-based Treatment for Women Offenders and Offenders under 18

10)

Mr. ALSNAID Mowafaq Mishael (Jordan)• Women Offenders

11)

Mr. Norul Hisyam Bin Ismail (Malaysia)• Challenges of Implementing Drug Rehabilitation Programmes

13
11

12)

Mr. Sukur Bin Noordin (Malaysia)• Increasing the Number of Female Parolees in Rehabilitation in the Community

13)

Ms. KHEDAN Nandanee (Mauritius)• Remand Time of Women Offenders

14)

Mr. BEEDASSY Navindranath (Mauritius)• Treatment of Women Offenders

15)

Mr. CHOINDON Munkhsaikhan (Mongolia)• Systematic Reforms and Requirements for the Rehabilitation of Women Offenders

16)

Ms. MAGNAAN Frances Fajardo (Philippines)• Gender Makes a Difference17)

Ms. SERZO Leilani Reyes (Philippines)• Empowering Women

18)

Ms. WAKISHTA ARACHCHI Irani Ganga (Sri Lanka)• Big Decisions in Uncertain Depths: Treatment of Female Offenders in Sri Lanka

19)

Ms. MAHAWADUGE Chathurangi Jay (Sri Lanka)• Gender-Responsive Approaches to Managing Female Offenders in Sri Lanka

20)

Ms. MADEIRA GOMES Helena (Timor-Leste)• The Quantity of Women in Correctional Institutions

21)

Ms. DOS SANTOS Maria Helena (Timor-Leste)• Rehabilitation of Women Offenders during Detention14
12
Reference Materials
UNAFEI’S 175TH INTERNATIONAL TRAINING COURSE
LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS

List of Reference Materials (175th International Training Course)

1

United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial
Measures for Women Offenders (The Bangkok Rules) (United Nations, 2010)

2

Gender-Responsive Strategies: Research, Practice, and Guiding Principles for Women
Offenders (National Institute of Corrections, 2003)

3 Annual Report for 2012, in Resource Material Series No. 90 (UNAFEI, 2013)

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Expert and Participant List
Visiting Experts
Dr. Stephanie S. Covington

Co-Director, Institute for Relational Development
Co-Director, Center for Gender & Justice
United States of America

Overseas Participants
Ms. Desiana Natalia Sagita

Poverty Eradication and Gender Officer
Poverty Eradication and Gender Division
ASEAN Secretariat
ASEAN Community (Indonesia)

Ms. Flory Flores Sanchez

Jail Senior Superintendent/ Deputy Director for
Welfare and Development/ Gender andDevelopment Technical Working Group
Chairperson
Directorate for Welfare and Development
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)ASEAN Community (Philippines)

Ms. Nur Asyikin Hamzah

Senior Assistant Director
Psychological & Correctional Rehabilitation
Division
Singapore Prison Service, Ministry of Home
Affairs
ASEAN Community (Singapore)

Mr. Dao Van Le

Assistant Officer
General Staff Division, Department of Prison
Vietnam Prison Management Department
ASEAN Community (Viet Nam)

Mr. Namik Hasanov

Operation Sector Inspector
Operation-Regime Department
Penitentiary Service
Azerbaijan

Ms. Maria Delcarmen Lopez

Chief Finance Officer
Accounts Department
Kolbe Foundation
BelizeMr. David Brandon Mckoy

Inspector of Police
Research, Planning Legal Affairs and Compliance
Belize Police Department

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BelizeMr. Kenroy Karl Elijio

Sergeant of Police/ Police Instructor
National Police Training Academy
Belize Police Department
BelizeMr. Vitou Mao

Official
Department of Mutual Legal Assistance in
Criminal Matters and Extradition
Ministry of JusticeCambodia

Mr. Mowafaq Mishael Alsnaid

Assistant Director
Correction and Rehabilitation Center forOperational Support
Department of Correction and Rehabilitation
JordanMr. Sukur Bin Noordin

Head of Supervision and Monitoring Unit
Division of Parole and Community Service
Malaysia Prison Department
Malaysia

Mr. Norul Hisyam Bin Ismail

Deputy Superintendent of PrisonsInternational Affairs and Transfer Division
Malaysia Prison Department
Malaysia

Mr. Navindranath Beedassy

Assistant Superintendent of Prison
Mauritius Prison Service
Mauritius

Ms. Nandanee Dussoye

Woman Assistant Superintendent of Prison
Women Prison/ General Duties
Mauritius Prison Service
Mauritius

Mr. Munkhsaikhan Choindon

Vice Chief in charge of Security and Operations
Administration
Closed Correctional Unit - 429 - Specialized
Medical of Department of Corrections
Mongolia

Ms. Frances Fajardo Magnaan

Clerk II
Dagupan City Parole and Probation Office
Region 1
Parole and Probation Administration
Philippines

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Ms. Leilani Reyes Serzo

Chief Probation and Parole Officer
Manila City Parole and Probation Office No. 2
Parole and Probation Administration
Philippines

Ms. Chathurangi Jayathri MahawadugeState Counsel
Criminal Division
Attorney General’s Department, Colombo 12
Sri Lanka

Ms. Irani Ganga Wakishta Arachchi

Senior State Counsel
Criminal Division
Attorney General’s Department
Sri Lanka

Ms. Maria Helena Dos Santos

Prison Guard
National Directorate of Prison Service
Ministry of Justice, Becora Prison
Timor-Leste

Ms. Helena Madeira Gomes

Sub-Chief of Prison Guards
Social Reintegration Department
Ministry of Justice, National Directorate of Prison
Service
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THE 23RD UNAFEI UNCAC TRAINING PROGRAMMEThe 23rd UNAFEI UNCAC Training Programme was held from 22 September to 18
October 2021. Twenty-seven overseas participants attended. The main theme of the programme
was Tackling Emerging Threats of Corruption in the Borderless and Digitalized World.
Overseas Participants
Ms. Rubina Mkhitaryan

Senior Specialist
Criminal Legislation Penitentiary and Probation
Policy Development Department
Ministry of Justice
Armenia

Mr. Islam Mohamed Radwan Elhadidy Chief Prosecutor
Abdou
International Cooperation Department
The Egyptian Public Prosecution
Egypt
Mr. Ziyad Taha Amin Taha Abouelella

Senior Prosecutor
International Cooperation Department
Egyptian Public Prosecution
Egypt

Ms. Saffiatou Nyang

State Counsel
Criminal Division
Ministry of JusticeGambiaMs. Evelin Damary Mendoza

Deputy Chief Prosecutor
Police Depuration OfficePublic Ministry
Honduras

Ms. Arin Karniasari

Prosecutor
Directorate of Prosecution
Indonesian Corruption Eradication Commission
Indonesia

Ms. Salmah

Middle Investigator
Investigate Directorate
Corruption Eradication Commission
Indonesia

Mr. Ali Hassan Berro

Senior Policy Analyst
Public Sector Reform
Office of the Minister of State for Administrative
ReformLebanon

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Mr. Chantheuane Boulome

Acting Division of Audit Grant Project
Audit Loan and Grant Project Department
State Audit Organization
Lao PDR

Ms. Merium Mable Sodala Chithila

Operations Analysis Manager
Monitoring and Analysis Department
Financial Intelligence Authority
MalawiMr. Petros Mfune

Senior Report Centre Officer
Investigations/Report Centre
Anti-Corruption Bureau
MalawiMr. Asrul Ridzuan Ahmad Rustami

Senior Assistant Commissioner
Division of Anti-Money Laundering
Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission
Malaysia

Mr. Mohd Nadzri Bin Ibrahim

Assistant Commissioner
Division of Anti-Money Laundering
Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission
Malaysia

Mr. Ashfaaq Naeem

Public Prosecutor
Prosecution
Prosecutor General's Office
Maldives

Ms. Naahy Hawwa

Public Prosecutor
Special Prosecution Unit
Prosecutor General’s Office
Maldives

Mr. Raju Adhikari

Investigation Officer
Property Investigation and Evaluation Department
Commission for Investigation of Abuse of
Authority
Nepal

Mr. Suresh Chandra Adhikari

Section Officer
Policy, Planning and International Relations
Division
Commission for Investigation of Abuse of
Authority
Nepal

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Mr. Obehi Samuel Ahanmisi

Assistant Superintendent of Police/Detective
Force Criminal Investigations/X-SQUAD Section
Nigeria Police Force
Nigeria

Ms. Rasha Tawfiq Said Amarneh

Commissioner Advisor
Palestinian Anti-Corruption Commission
Palestine

Mr. Manuel Antonio Mata Avendano

Criminal Judge
Accusatory Criminal System
Judicial Authority
PanamaMs. Tapas Victoria Kametan

Senior Legal Officer
Legal Division – Proceeds of Crime andInternational Crime Cooperation Unit
Office of the Prosecutor
Papua New Guinea

Mr. Conrad Mate Patuve

Parole Officer
Parole Service
Department of Justice and Attorney General
Papua New Guinea

Mr. Euclides Vidal Madeira

Investigator
Investigation
Commission Anti-Corruption Timor-Leste
Timor-Leste

Mr. Mirshod Khujaev

Inspector
Public Relations, Appeals and International
Cooperation Department
Anti-Corruption Agency
Uzbekistan

Mr. Sadullajon Inoyatullaev

Senior Teacher
Department of Teaching Legal English
Academy of General Prosecutors Office
Uzbekistan

Mr. Simcha Abel Blessing

Assistant Public Prosecutor
Commercial Crime Unit
Office of the Public Prosecutor Vanuatu
Vanuatu

Ms. Thi Thuy Linh Pham

Officer of Department of Economic Security
Ministry of Public Security
Viet Nam

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INFORMATION ABOUT FORTHCOMING PROGRAMMES

1.

Training Seminar for the Officers Involved in Juvenile Justice in Kenya
From 7 to 10 February 2022 (tentative), UNAFEI will host the Training Seminar for the
Officers Involved in Juvenile Justice in Kenya online. The purpose of the seminar is to train
the trainers of the “Child Care Protection Officers Training Programme”. Approximately 40
participants from Kenya will attend.
2. The 177th International Senior Seminar
From 12 January to 3 February 2022, UNAFEI will host the 177th International Senior
Seminar online. The main theme of the Seminar is “Preventing Reoffending through aMultistakeholder Approach”. Approximately 20 overseas participants will attend.
3.

Comparative Study on the Criminal Justice Systems of Japan and Nepal
From 28 February to 4 March 2022, UNAFEI will host the Comparative Study on the
Criminal Justice Systems of Japan and Nepal online. Twelve Nepalese participants will attend
to study and discuss “Challenges to the implementation of the new Criminal Procedure Codein Nepal”.
4.

First International Training Programme on Building Inclusive Societies
From 2 to 17 March 2022, UNAFEI will host the First International Training Programme
on Building Inclusive Societies online. This programme deals with issues on protection of therights of crime victims including children. Approximately 10 overseas participants will attend.
5.

Exchange Programme between the Japanese Prosecution Service and the Supreme
People's Procuracy of Viet Nam
On 18 February 2022, UNAFEI will host the Exchange Programme between the Japanese
Prosecution Service and the Supreme People's Procuracy of Viet Nam online.

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FACULTY AND STAFF OF UNAFEI
Faculty:

Mr. MORINAGA Taro
Ms. IRIE Junko
Ms. WATANABE MachikoMr. HOSOKAWA Hidehito
Mr. OKUDA Yoshinori
Mr. YAMANA Rompei
Ms. MIYAGAWA Tsubura
Ms. TAKAI Ayaka
Ms. SASAKI Ayako
Mr. OTSUKA Takeaki
Ms. TANAKA Mii
Mr. Thomas L. Schmid

Director
Deputy Director
Professor
Professor
Professor
Professor
175th Course Deputy Programming Officer
Professor
Chief of Research Division
Professor
Professor
175th Course Programming Officer
Professor
Chief of Information and Public Relations
Professor
Linguistic Adviser

Secretariat:
Mr. TADA Ryosei

Chief of Secretariat

Mr. YAMAMOTO Shinichi

Chief of Training and Hostel Management
Affairs Section

Training and Hostel Management Affairs Section:
Mr. YOSHIHARA Daiki
Senior Officer
175th Course Assistant Programming Officer
Mr. FUJISAKI Takuma
Senior Officer
175th Course Assistant Programming Officer
Mr. TATSUKAWA Masashi
Senior Officer
Ms. MUKAI Saori
OfficerMs. OTANI Makiko
OfficerInternational Research Affairs Section:
Ms. IWAKATA Naoko
Librarian
Secretarial Staff:
Ms. YAMADA Hisayo

Officer

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JICA Coordinator for the 175th International Training Course:
Ms. HISA KeikoJICA

UNAFEI Home Page: https://www.unafei.or.jp/english/
UNAFEI E-mail: unafei@i.moj.go.jp