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①

氏名欄
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②

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４ 解答は、解答用紙の解答欄にマークしなさい。例えば、解答番号 １ と表示のある問いに対して!と解答する場合は、次の（例）のように解答番号１の解答欄の!にマークしなさい。
（例）

解答番号

解

１ ! " # $答

欄% & ' (５試験時間は６０分です。

６

試験終了後、問題冊子は回収しますので持ち帰らないでください。

〔Ⅰ〕 次の英文を読み、後の問いに答えなさい。
In everyday life, we face pressures from many sources. Stress can be defined as an externalpressure that exceeds our ability to cope with it. “It can also be a physical and psychologicalresponse to events perceived as a threat to oneʼs sense of well-being,” say doctors from theDepartment of Psychiatry at Singapore General Hospital.
Not all stress is harmful. In fact, it can be desirable, and even（ １ ）, to have some amount ofstress in life. Research has shown that, within certain limits, an individualʼs performance improves
with an increased level of stress.
（２）, an athlete is able to run faster under the stress of competition. A student studying for

examinations is able to think quicker and stay alert because of the stress of approachingexaminations. Stress can bring out the best in us. Like a violin string that needs to be tuned to acertain tension in order to produce a beautiful sound, we can stretch our potential to perform at our＊optimum. However, if the string is stretched too tightly, it will ＊snap. If it is too loose, it may not

produce any sound or produce sound of poor quality.
Similarly, if we are not under any stress, we may not achieve our fullest potential, or ourperformance will be lackluster. If we are under too much stress, our performance can suffer. Hence⑶we need an optimum level of stress to bring out the best in us.
Too much stress is harmful, but ＊stressors do not automatically lead to stress reactions.
Different people react differently to the same stressors. Why is this so ? The answer lies in theperception of the situation. We have seen that whether a person feels stressed depends on whether
he thinks or perceives he can cope with the situation.
Perception of oneʼs ability to cope depends on certain factors such as personality, intelligence, therole of teachers and parents, childhood experiences, oneʼs coping skills and social support. Our
personality influences the way we think, feel and react to stressful situations.
Letʼs look at two cases :Daniel was given a difficult task by his immediate superior. Thoughts such as “Iʼm sure to fail,”“Heʼs all out to make life miserable for me” and “People canʼt be trusted” caused him to perceive that⑷

he had inadequate coping ability and could expect little help from others. Understandably, he felt⑸

stressed.
On the other hand, Henry interpreted the same situation differently, telling himself : “I will try
my best,” “I have performed the task before, so I should be able to do it again” and “Even though I
made mistakes, I am now wiser and have learned not to make the same mistakes.” While Henry
worked on the task confidently and accomplished his goals, Daniel became easily discouraged,postponed carrying out his duties, made careless mistakes, and earned the displeasure of his superior.
⑹

出典https://www.healthxchange.sg/wellness/mental-health/why-stress-good-you

Singapore General Hospital＊

optimum…（名詞）最適の条件、（形容詞）最適の＊stressor…ストレスを引き起こす要因

― １ ―

＊

snap…プツンと切れる１．空所（１），（２）に入れるのに最も適切な語句を１つずつ選び、番号で答えなさい。
〔解答番号は 1 〜 2 〕（１） !

dangerous"

meaningless#（２） !

For example"

However# In contrast

unusual$ essential

1$

2

Instead２．下線部⑶，⑸の語の意味を説明したものとして最も適切なものを１つずつ選び、番号で答えなさい。
〔解答番号は 3 〜 4 〕⑶⑸

lackluster

3!

fun, attractive, or giving pleasure"

not interesting or exciting#

strong and easy to see$

not at all expensive

inadequate

4!

extremely good"

still living and not dead#not enough, or not great enough$very large in size or amount

３．下線部⑷，⑹の内容に最も近いものを１つずつ選び、番号で答えなさい。
〔解答番号は 5 〜 6 〕⑷⑹

Heʼs all out to make life miserable for me5!

私の生活は悲惨だが、それは彼にはまったく関係のないことだ。

"

彼は必死で私の生活を悲惨なものにしようとしている。

#

私の生活が悲惨にならないように、彼は懸命にやってくれている。

$

私のために頑張っているために、彼の生活は悲惨なことになっている。

earned the displeasure of his superior

6!

上司の機嫌をそこねた。

"

上司を大いに喜ばせた。

#

上司の収入を増やす結果となった。

$

上司から評価されることになった。

４．本文の内容に最もよく合うものを１つずつ選び、番号で答えなさい。
⑴ The writer says that stress（

⑵

7）
.

!

should be avoided at all costs"

is difficult to define#increases the level of well-being$

is not always bad for you

The writer refers to a violin string to（8）.

!

show how helpful music is to overcome stress"describe how harmful stress is to our health#help explain how stress affects us$

demonstrate how delicate musical instruments are― ２ ―〔解答番号は 7 〜 9 〕

⑶Whether a stressor causes stress reactions or not depends on（!

how strong it is"

how long it lasts#

how healthy you are physically$

how you view the situation9）.

〔解答番号は 10 〕

５．本文の内容と一致しないものを１つ選び、番号で答えなさい。
!

試験が差し迫ると、ストレスが学生の脳にプラスの作用を及ぼす傾向がある。

"

ストレスのかかる状況に対処できると思えるかどうかは、子どものころの経験も関係している。

#

ストレスのかかる状況で、Daniel は Henry より楽観的だった。

$

Henry には、過去の失敗から学んだという認識があった。

〔Ⅱ〕 次の英文の内容と合っているものを後の!〜%から５つ選び、番号で答えなさい。解答の順序〔解答番号は 11 〜 15 〕は問いません。

As an American ＊Jew, I did not grow up with Christmas. In my family, we celebrated
Hanukkah, the annual ＊Jewish holiday that occurs each year at roughly the same time as Christmas.
But of course, I was familiar with the story of Joseph and Mary and the birth of Jesus Christ. I could
sing “Silent Night,” “O Come All Ye Faithful,” “Jingle Bells,” and all the other Christmas ＊carols andtunes. I knew all the Christmas traditions and customs ̶ the ＊trimming of trees, the sending ofcards, the giving and receiving of presents. But to tell the truth, I never really gave the holiday
much thought. Until I came to Japan, that is.
My first Christmas in Japan was a real eye-opener. I was shocked to find out that a country
with so many ＊Buddhists would welcome Christmas and celebrate it so enthusiastically. Everywhere
I went, I could hear Christmas carols. Every shop window was decorated with lights and snowmen
and, of course, Santa Claus. “What is going on here ?” I asked myself. But it wasnʼt long before I
discovered why Japanese people get so caught up in Christmas.
It has nothing to do with the “true meaning of Christmas” or with any of American holiday
traditions. Except one : the giving and receiving of presents, and all the shopping this involves.
In Japan, Christmas is not a religious holiday ̶ itʼs a shopperʼs holiday.

Department stores,supermarkets, and shops of all kinds, large and small, hold huge sales. Shoppers spend tens ofthousands of yen buying gifts for family and friends, classmates and co-workers.
In America, Christmas is an important religious holiday that lasts thirteen days ̶ from December
25 to January 6. But not in Japan. Once the sales and shopping are over, so is the holiday. All theChristmas lights and ornaments come down the very next day, and the rush is on towards Japanʼsbiggest holiday of all, New Yearʼs.
Now, each year, I look forward to Christmas in Japan. Itʼs a ＊festive, cheerful time of year thateveryone, no matter what religion, can take part in and enjoy. So Merry Christmas to all ! And, bythe way, Happy Hanukkah !
Spotlight on America and Japan ありのままの日米比較、Joshua Cohen、三原京 他、南雲堂、2013

― ３ ―

＊

＊

＊

Jew…ユダヤ人［教徒］

Jewish…ユダヤ教の＊trim…〜の飾り付けをする

Buddhist…仏教徒＊

carol…聖歌、賛美歌＊

festive…お祭り気分の!

筆者が子どものころ、筆者の家族は、他の多くの家族と同じようにクリスマスを祝った。

"

ハヌカー祭（Hanukkah）の時期とクリスマスの時期とはおおむね重なる。

#

子どものころ、筆者は「ジングルベル」の歌を知らなかった。

$

子どものころ、筆者は、クリスマスにカードを送るという習慣を知らなかった。

%

来日するまで、筆者はクリスマスについてあまり考えたことがなかった。

&

日本人がなぜクリスマスに熱心なのかを筆者が理解したのは、来日してから何年もたってからのことだった。

'

アメリカの伝統的なクリスマスと日本のクリスマスの共通点は、プレゼントのやり取りと、それに伴う買い物だけである。

(

アメリカでは、クリスマス休暇は１０日以上続く。

)

日本では、クリスマスのセールと買い物が終わると、クリスマスそのものも終わる。

〔Ⅲ〕 次の各組の中で、下線部の発音が他の語と異なるものを１つ選び、番号で答えなさい。
〔解答番号は 16 〜 20 〕

１．! sight"

crisis# tiny$ wisdom

16２．!

rescue"complete# media$theme

17

３．!

only"

boat

# bought

$low

18

４．!

glove"

done# wonder$notice19

５．!

thief"

northern# breath$

method20〔Ⅳ〕 次の文中の（）に入れるのに最も適切なものを選び、番号で答えなさい。
〔解答番号は 21 〜 30 〕

１．I want to move out of my parentsʼ place and live on my（ 21! part"# backown

２．What he says is not entirely wrong. It is true to a certain（! failure"! patient"#fuel３．Our math teacher is very（"reluctant!

rains

"

extent# ashamed#easy"$waste）.

$

previous25

is raineasily$ figureform）tomorrow.
# will rain

６．I usually canʼt express myself very well, but I find it（!

day）out how to use this machine.

draw

５．The weather report says it（22$）. He answers all of our questions no matter how silly they are.

23

４．Please help me. I canʼt（ 24! count）.

#hard― ４ ―26$will be rain）when Iʼm talking to him.
$ hardly７．The purpose of these activities（!

"teaches27）children about nature.
# is to teachteach$ are to teach

８．As the storm was approaching that day, we couldnʼt go out but（ 28）stay inside the hotel allday.
! should"# neededmust

９．He worked really hard, but the results were（!

disappoint"29# disappointed

disappointing"$ disappointment）she is married.

# whatifhad to）.

１０．I have known her for several years, but I donʼt know（ 30! about$$ unless〔Ⅴ〕 次の会話文を完成させるために最も適当なものを選び、番号で答えなさい。
〔解答番号は 31 〜 35 〕

１．A : May I help you ?
B:Yes, please. Weʼre looking for a mid-size refrigerator.

A: （B:31）

From ¥120,000 to ¥150,000.
!

Whatʼs your budget for the trip ?

"How much did it cost you ?

#How long have you used the old one ?

$What price range do you have in mind ?

２．A : My father got a driverʼs license recently.
B: （32）

A : Yes. He got his first driverʼs license on his 61st birthday.
B:Wow ! Thatʼs amazing,!

Has he been using the same car ?

"Does he know a lot about cars ?

#But heʼs over sixty, isnʼt he ?

$He looks young for his age, doesnʼt he ?

３．A : In Japan, people are having fewer and fewer children.
B:Yes. Decades ago, it was not uncommon for a couple to have five or six children.

A : Iʼve often heard that.
B: （33）!

Actually, my grandfather had three brothers and two sisters.

"As a matter of fact, my children are three and six years old.

#To be honest, I donʼt know which couple you mean.

$But I donʼt think it has anything to do with how many children you have.

― ５ ―４．A : （B:34）

Sure. Where are we taking them ?

A : To the meeting room.
B:

The one on the third floor ?
!

Can you attend todayʼs meeting ?

"Can we borrow these spoons for a while ?

#Could you please take me to the meeting room ?

$Could you give me a hand with these chairs ?

５．A : Has your birthday passed this year ?
B: （35）

A : Your birthday is February 29th, right ?
B:Yes, I was born on February 29th, 2000.
!

How do you know my birthday ?

"I have no birthday this year.

#Yes, it passed the exam last month.

$Well, three years have passed since then.

〔Ⅵ〕 次の英文が日本語の内容を表すように下の!〜%を並べ替えたときに、２番目と４番目に来る語句を番号で答えなさい。ただし、文頭に来る語も小文字で書いてあります。
〔解答番号は 36 〜 45 〕

１．どうして気が変わったんですか。
（!

）
（）
（36）
（"you）（37）?
# madeyour mind

$ what%change38) (２．コインは自動販売機の下に見えましたが、遠すぎて届きませんでした。
Even though I could see the coins under the vending machine, they ((39!

were) () ().
"# toreach$far% too

３．目を閉じて自分の名前を書いてみてください。
Try (!

) (40) ("your name) (41) ().

# writingwith$ closed%

your eyes%

he４．彼が話題にしているミュージシャンとは、彼本人のことなのです。
（）（!

about42）（）（"）（43）himself.
# isthe musician$ is talking

５．私にとって、家族ほど大事なものはありません。
To me,（）
（44）
（）
（45!

nothing"

my family$than%

more important）
（#）
.
is

― ６ ―)