Financial Section2019 ANNUAL REPORT
Year Ended March 31, 2019

CONTENTS
Eleven-Year Summary ··········································
Financial Review ················································
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position ···············
Consolidated Statement of Income ····························
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income ········
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity ···············
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows ·······················
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements·············
Independent Auditor’s Report··································

1
5
20
21
22
23
25
27
77

Eleven-Year Summary
Hitachi Metals, Ltd. and Consolidated Subsidiaries
As of and for the Years Ended March 31

Millions of yen(except as otherwise noted)

IFRS

Results for the period:
Revenues ·····································
Cost of sales ·································
Selling, general and administrative
expenses ······································
Other income ·······························
Other expenses ·····························
Operating income ·························
Income (loss) before income taxes
and non-controlling interests ·········Net income (loss) attributable toshareholders of the parent company
Cash flows for the period:
Cash flows from operating
activities ······································Cash flows from investing
activities ······································
Free cash flows·····························
Growth initiative costs:
Capital expenditures ·····················
Depreciation and amortization ·······
Research and development ············At the period-end:
Total assets···································
Interest-bearing debt ·····················Net assets ·····································
Number of outstanding shares(thousands) ··································
Number of shareholders ················
Number of employees ···················Per share of common stock (yen):
Net income (loss):
Basic ········································Cash dividends ··························Net assets ·····································
Key financial indicators:
Operating income margin (%) ········
Return on Sales (ROS) (%) ···········
Return on Assets (ROA) (%) ·········
Return on Equity (ROE) (%) ·········
Shareholders’ equity ratio (%) ·······
Debt/equity ratio (%) ····················
Notes:

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

¥ 1,023,421¥ 988,303(851,029)(803,607)(120,965)

2014¥ 910,486(731,153)¥ 1,017,584(819,433)¥ 1,004,373(793,517)¥ 807,794(637,081)(119,566)(113,350)(122,090)(126,446)(106,851)

10,667(19,652)
42,442

5,401(24,205)
46,326

14,070(11,786)
68,26736,416(12,523)
99,95421,303(21,306)
84,407

5,844(16,278)
53,42843,03946,98566,01696,23386,391

55,82031,37042,21050,59369,05670,56948,133

66,582

39,13389,391

115,742

108,983

99,171(96,247)(75,080)(35,864)(32,147)(113,750)(9,832)(29,665)(35,947)

53,527

83,595(4,767)

89,33995,38950,901
18,604

91,786
46,13817,74963,84343,03917,971

59,602
42,927
19,12151,47439,917
20,90331,98733,762
16,814¥ 1,099,252
202,098595,211¥ 1,058,832
160,844570,192¥ 1,040,390
194,457
548,746¥ 1,033,311
220,376
504,675¥ 1,083,450
255,350
476,176¥ 848,772
177,195
382,840

427,569
28,05330,304

427,572
29,14830,390427,576
25,30228,754

427,579
28,582
29,157

427,601
26,28730,278427,657
29,30826,850¥ 73.3734.00
1,375.16¥ 98.72
26.00
1,316.08¥ 118.32
26.00
1,254.89¥ 161.50
26.00
1,159.70¥ 165.02
23.00
1,090.64¥ 116.79
17.00
870.36

4.1
3.1
4.0
5.5
53.5
34.4

4.7
4.3
4.5
7.7
53.1
28.6

7.5
5.6
6.4
9.8
51.6
36.2

9.8
6.8
9.1
14.4
48.0
44.4

8.4
7.0
8.9
16.8
43.0
54.8

6.6
6.0
8.0
15.6
43.9
47.6

1. The amounts are accounted for and presented in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards.
2. The translation of Japanese yen amounts into U.S. dollars and euros for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, is included in this annual report solely for the convenience ofreaders outside Japan. The translation has been made at the rates of ¥110.99 = $1 and ¥124.56 = €1, the approximate exchange rates as of March 31, 2019.
3. Diluted net income per share is not provided for the periods presented as there were no common stock with a dilutive effect.
4. Net income (loss) represents net income (loss) attributable to shareholders of the parent company. Net income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by theaverage number of outstanding shares for the period. Net assets per share are calculated by dividing net assets less non-controlling interests by the number of outstanding shares
as of the period-end.
5. Return on equity (ROE) is computed as the net income (loss) divided by the sum of the average total shareholders’ equity and the average total accumulated comprehensive
income (the average of beginning and ending of the year).
6. Results for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2014 (FY2014) are presented in accordance with both J-GAAP and IFRS.

1

Eleven-Year Summary
Hitachi Metals, Ltd. and Consolidated Subsidiaries
As of and for the Years Ended March 31

Thousands of U.S. dollars(except per share amounts)

Thousands of euros(except per share amounts)

IFRS

2019

Results for the period:
Revenues ························································
Cost of sales ····················································
Selling, general andadministrative expenses····································
Other income···················································
Other expenses ················································
Operating income ············································
Income (loss) before income
taxes and non-controllinginterests ··························································Net income (loss) attributable toshareholders of the parent
company ·························································Cash flows for the period:
Cash flows from operating
activities ·························································Cash flows from investing
activities ·························································
Free cash flows ················································
Growth initiative costs:
Capital expenditures ········································
Depreciation and amortization ··························
Research and development ·······························At the period-end:
Total assets ······················································
Interest-bearing debt ········································Net assets ························································
Number of outstanding shares(thousands)······················································
Number of shareholders ···································
Number of employees ······································Per share of common stock (U.S. dollars andeuros):Net income (loss):
Basic ···························································Cash dividends ············································Net assets ························································
Key financial indicators:
Operating income margin (%) ···························
Return on Sales (ROS) (%)·······························
Return on Assets (ROA) (%) ····························
Return on Equity (ROE) (%) ····························
Shareholders’ equity ratio (%)···························
Debt/equity ratio (%) ·······································

2019$ 9,220,840(7,667,619)€ 8,216,289(6,832,282)(1,089,873)
96,108(177,061)
382,395(971,138)
85,637(157,771)
340,735

387,774

345,528

282,638

251,846599,892

534,538(867,168)(267,276)(772,696)(238,158)

859,438
458,609
167,619

765,808
408,646
149,358$ 9,904,063
1,820,867
5,362,744€ 8,825,080
1,622,495
4,778,508

—
—
—

—
—
—

$ 0.660.31
12.39€ 0.59
0.27
11.04

—
—
—
—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
—

2

Millions of yen(except as otherwise noted)

Japanese GAAP

Results for the period:
Net sales ·········································································
Cost of sales ····································································
Selling, general and administrative expenses······················
Operating income ····························································
Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interests ···Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders of the parent
company ·········································································Cash flows for the period:
Cash flows from operating activities ·································Cash flows from investing activities ··································
Free cash flows································································
Growth initiative costs:
Capital expenditures ························································
Depreciation and amortization ··········································
Research and development ···············································At the period-end:
Total assets······································································
Interest-bearing debt ························································Net assets ········································································
Number of outstanding shares (thousands) ·························
Number of shareholders ···················································
Number of employees ······················································Per share of common stock (yen):
Net income (loss):
Basic ··········································································Cash dividends ···························································Net assets ········································································
Key financial indicators:
Operating income margin (%) ···········································
Return on Sales (ROS) (%)···············································
Return on Assets (ROA) (%) ············································
Return on Equity (ROE) (%) ············································
Shareholders’ equity ratio (%) ··········································
Debt/equity ratio (%) ·······················································
Notes:

2014

2013

2012

2011

¥ 807,952(638,872)(109,544)
59,53650,796¥ 535,779(440,684)(74,016)
21,07917,230¥ 556,914(438,930)(73,117)44,86736,414¥ 520,186(406,282)(70,761)
43,14336,061

39,417

12,955

17,88622,204

100,557(30,906)
69,651

62,975(28,718)
34,257

3,008(21,769)(18,761)

42,688(24,607)
18,081

31,987
33,63916,814

26,68824,21911,07624,30027,544
12,153

20,36928,38912,224¥ 840,742
175,958
373,198
427,631
29,30826,850¥ 541,286
145,935
259,865
365,419
16,93017,308¥ 579,862
169,232
240,395
352,429
12,417
18,056¥ 529,869
149,822228,010352,442
12,711
18,008¥ 95.6517.00
848.73¥ 36.20
14.00
684.96¥ 50.75
12.00
625.04¥ 63.00
12.00
591.51

7.4
4.9
7.4
12.9
43.2
48.5

3.9
2.4
3.1
5.5
46.2
58.3

8.1
3.2
6.6
8.3
38.0
76.8

8.3
4.3
6.9
11.0
39.3
71.9

1. The amounts are accounted for and presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Japan.
2. Diluted net income per share is not provided for the periods presented as there were no dilutive common stock with a dilutive effect.
3. Net income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the average number of outstanding shares for the period. Net assets per share are calculated by dividing
net assets less minority interests by the number of outstanding shares as of the period-end.
4. Hitachi Metals, Ltd. adopted the revised accounting standard for presentation of net assets in the consolidated balance sheet, effective from the year ended March 31, 2007.
5. Return on equity (ROE) is computed as the net income (loss) divided by the sum of the average total shareholders’ equity and the average total accumulated comprehensive
income (the average of beginning and ending of the year).

3Millions of yen(except as otherwise noted)

Japanese GAAP

Results for the period:
Net sales ·········································································
Cost of sales ····································································
Selling, general and administrative expenses······················
Operating income ····························································
Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interests ···Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders of the parent
company ·········································································Cash flows for the period:
Cash flows from operating activities ·································Cash flows from investing activities ··································
Free cash flows································································
Growth initiative costs:
Capital expenditures ························································
Depreciation and amortization ··········································
Research and development ···············································At the period-end:
Total assets······································································
Interest-bearing debt ························································Net assets ········································································
Number of outstanding shares (thousands) ·························
Number of shareholders ···················································
Number of employees ······················································Per share of common stock (yen):
Net income (loss):
Basic ··········································································Cash dividends ···························································Net assets ········································································
Key financial indicators:
Operating income margin (%) ···········································
Return on Sales (ROS) (%)···············································
Return on Assets (ROA) (%) ············································
Return on Equity (ROE) (%) ············································
Shareholders’ equity ratio (%) ··········································
Debt/equity ratio (%) ·······················································

4

2010

2009

¥ 431,683(352,382)(65,952)
13,3495,727¥ 590,704(495,948)(79,698)
15,058
(200)

1,937

(3,016)57,012(21,495)
35,51732,699(37,347)(4,648)16,48530,494
10,626

43,76831,81413,083¥ 517,984
170,664
212,783
352,472
13,88517,806¥ 530,191
190,119
214,576
352,498
14,17518,740¥ 5.5012.00
548.76¥ (8.56)13.00
550.79

3.1
0.4
1.1
1.0
37.3
88.2

2.5
(0.5)
(0.0)
(1.5)
36.6
97.9

Financial Review
Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015, Hitachi Metals, Ltd. (the “Company”) and its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the “Group”)
voluntarily adopted IFRS for the purposes of better understanding group management, stronger governance, and more efficient business operations.

Market Environment
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the global economy remained on a modest rebound track primarily in developed countries. Steadyeconomic recovery continued in the United States, underpinned by a continued improvement in the employment situation and an increase inindividual consumption and capital expenditures. Emerging countries in Asia were also generally on a modest recovery path. The Chinese economy
gradually slowed down as a result of the trade conflict with the United States and a slowdown in domestic demand, which contributed to keeping
production and export levels unchanged in Europe. Amid such circumstances, the Japanese economy was faced with a fall in business confidence
due to the impact of the natural disasters that hit the country during the second quarter ended September 30, 2018 (July through September 2018),
and a decrease in the industrial production indexes and export volume indexes starting from the end of 2018, led by the economic slowdown in
China and Europe.
Among the industries in which the Group operates, the automobile industry in Japan saw solid sales of new vehicles, mainly light vehicles. In
the United States, the industry enjoyed firm sales mainly of commercial vehicles and trucks, against the backdrop of continued economic recovery,
whereas in China, there was a significant drop in sales, mainly of passenger vehicles, and in Europe, there continued to be a declining trend in sales
that has been seen since the autumn. Demand for steel remained firm, especially in the manufacturing sector. Housing starts remained unchanged
both in Japan and the United States. In the electronics field, smartphone shipments decreased.

Business Overview
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, although the revenues of the Group increased by 3.6% year-on-year to ¥1,023,421 million, it can beconsidered a generally flat performance year on year after removing the impact of the rise in raw material prices (sliding-scale raw material pricesystem). Adjusted operating income decreased by ¥13,703 million to ¥51,427 million year-on-year. This was mainly due to a slowdown in theelectronics-related and semiconductor-related markets, a decline in demand for various manufacturing equipment and industrial machinery, adecrease in sales of new vehicles in China and Europe, and a strengthening of growth investment for the future, despite successful cost reduction
measures. The Group has positioned heat-resistant exhaust casting components and aluminum wheels as “businesses with issues” and is making
efforts in structural reforms. Under the business circumstances described above, the Group has been taking measures, including productivity
improvement, correction of selling prices, and adjustment of production volumes, with the aim of improving profitability of heat-resistant exhaust
casting components. As a result, profitability improved to a certain extent, but it is expected that the profit forecast made at the beginning of the
fiscal year cannot be achieved, mainly because of a sharp decline in demand especially in the Chinese and European markets during the third quarter
ended December 31, 2018 (October through December 2018). Therefore, the Group recorded an impairment loss of ¥6,975 million in the third
quarter ended December 31, 2018, following careful examination and estimation of future profitability. Regarding the aluminum wheels business,
the Group announced that it will withdraw from the business by the end of September 2020, and recorded structural reform expenses of¥3,303 million in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, as losses associated with the transfer of shares of AAP St. Marys Corp., a consolidated
subsidiary manufacturing aluminum wheels. Furthermore, the Group recorded total of ¥5,757 million in gain on bargain purchase and gain on a
step acquisition under other income, which was generated from making Santoku Corporation a consolidated subsidiary of the Company as of April 2,
2018, with the aim of further accelerating efforts relating to neodymium magnet alloys and the development of new recycling technologies, which
are areas in which the Group has been aggressively investing up until now. As a result, operating income decreased by ¥3,884 million to¥42,442 million year-on-year. Income before income taxes decreased by ¥3,946 million to ¥43,039 million, and net income attributable toshareholders of the parent company decreased by ¥10,840 million to ¥31,370 million year-on-year.

Business Results for the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2019
Revenues
Revenues for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, increased by ¥35,118 million to ¥1,023,421 million, or 3.6 % year on year.
Domestic sales for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, accounted for 43.9% of total revenues, an increase of ¥17,435 million, or 4.0% yearon-year, to ¥448,984 million.
Overseas sales increased overall in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, amounting to ¥574,437 million, an increase of ¥17,683 million, or 3.2%
year-on-year. In particular, sales in North America increased to ¥310,880 million, an increase of ¥16,044 million, or 5.4% year-on-year. Sales in
Asia were ¥200,703 million, an increase of ¥2,627 million, or 1.3% year-on-year, while sales in Europe were ¥50,406 million, a decrease of¥1,041 million, or 2.0% year-on-year.
Overseas sales accounted for 56.1% of total revenues in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, which was a similar sales rate to that of theprevious year. The Group has set the percentage of overseas sales as 56.0% for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2020.

5

Operating Income
Operating income dropped by ¥3,884 million, or 8.4% year-on-year, to¥42,442 million. The operating income margin was 4.1%, a decrease of
0.6 percentage points year-on-year. The operating income decreased
primarily due to increases in the cost of sales and selling, general, andadministrative expenses, partially offset by gain on reorganization
recognized as other income during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019.
Net Income and ROE
Interest income less interest expense for the fiscal year ended March 31,
2019, resulted in net interest expense of ¥2,304 million, an increase of¥419 million, or 22.2% year-on-year. Income before income taxes
decreased by ¥3,946 million, or 8.4%, to ¥43,039 million, and net income
attributable to shareholders of the parent company decreased by¥10,840 million, or 25.7%, to ¥31,370 million, compared with the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2018. Net income for the fiscal year ended March
31, 2019, decreased by ¥10,832 million, or 25.7%, to ¥31,243 million. Net
income per share was ¥73.37, while it was ¥98.72 for the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2018.
Return on equity (ROE) decreased to 5.5% for the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2019, mainly due to a decrease in net income. Return on assets(ROA) was 4.0%, return on sales (ROS) was 3.1%, and the financial
leverage ratio remained stable at 1.9 times for the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2019.

6

Business Results by Segment
Business Segment Information
Segment revenues include intersegment sales and transfers. Business segment results are as follows:
Revenues by Business Segment
Millions of yen
Years ended March 31
Revenues (including intersegment sales and transfers):
Specialty Steel Products
Magnetic Materials and Applications
Functional Components and Equipment
Wires, Cables, and Related Products
OthersAdjustments
Consolidated revenues

2019

2018

Percentage
Increase (decrease)¥ 304,562
109,351
367,563
240,123
4,429(2,607)¥ 1,023,421¥ 290,599
106,131360,053
230,532
3,417(2,429)¥ 988,303

4.8%
3.0
2.1
4.2
29.6
—
3.6%

Operating Income by Business Segment
Millions of yen
Years ended March 31
Operating income:Specialty Steel Products
Magnetic Materials and Applications
Functional Components and Equipment
Wires, Cables, and Related Products
OthersAdjustments
Consolidated operating income
Operating income margin (%):
Specialty Steel Products
Magnetic Materials and Applications
Functional Components and Equipment
Wires, Cables, and Related Products
Consolidated operating income margin (%)

7

Difference

2019

2018

¥ 22,512
8,766(2,463)
11,598945
1,084¥ 42,442¥ 26,127
7,286
607
11,183111
1,012¥ 46,326¥ (3,615)
1,480(3,070)41583472¥ (3,884)

7.4%
8.0
—
4.8
4.1%

9.0%
6.9
0.2
4.9
4.7%

(1.6)%
1.2—(0.0)(0.5)%

Specialty Steel Products
Revenues
Revenues across the entire Specialty Steel Products segment for
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, were ¥304,562 million, an
increase of ¥13,963 million, or 4.8% year-on-year. Adjusted
operating income decreased by ¥4,702 million, or 16.9%, to¥23,163 million year on year, due to a sharp decline in demand for
the Company’s mainstay specialty steel products from the third
quarter ended December 31, 2018, onwards, and production
adjustments in response to this decline, as well as an increase incosts from investments in projects such as the 10,000-ton class freeforging press,* despite the positive effect of price correction.
Operating income of the segment decreased by ¥3,615 million, or
13.8%, to ¥22,512 million year on year. This was mainly driven bya rise in raw material prices (sliding-scale raw material pricesystem), despite a decline in demand that had been seen since thethird quarter ended December 31, 2018.
*At the Company’s Yasugi Works, full-scale operations started in
May 2018. With the installation of this new 10,000-ton class freeforging press, the Group aims to improve product functionality
and productivity of hot work tool steel and strengthen the aircraft
and energy-related materials businesses.
Specialty Steels: Sales of molds and tool steel increased year on
year mainly due to a rise in raw material prices (sliding-scale raw
material price system), despite inventory adjustments in Japan fromthe third quarter ended December 31, 2018, onwards, as well as adecrease in demand in international markets especially in China.
Sales of industrial equipment materials exceeded those of the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2018, on the back of an increase in sales ofenvironment-conscious products related to automobiles. Overallsales of alloys for electronic products remained at the same level as
the previous fiscal year, due to a slowdown in demand for organic EL panel-related and semiconductor package components from the third quarter
ended December 31, 2018, onwards, despite firm sales of battery-related components throughout the current fiscal year. Sales of aircraft-related
and energy-related materials increased year on year overall, due to an increase in sales of aircraft-related materials, compensating weak results inenergy-related materials.
Rolls: Both domestic sales and exports of rolls were strong. Sales of injection molding machine parts increased throughout the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2019, as demand remained at a high level until the end of the third quarter ended December 31, 2018, despite a slowdown in the fourth
quarter (January through March 2019). As a result, overall sales of rolls increased year on year.
Soft Magnetic Materials and Applied Products: Overall sales of soft magnetic materials and applied products increased year on year, due to salesof amorphous metals being unchanged from the previous fiscal year and robust sales of applied products for automobiles on the back of increased
demand.
Capital Expenditures, Depreciation and Amortization, and R&D expenses
Billions of yen
Years ended March 31

2019

2018

Capital expenditures¥ 37.5¥ 27.9Depreciation and amortization

15.6

14.2

Research and development expenses

5.5

5.5

8

Magnetic Materials and Applications
Revenues
Revenues in the Magnetic Materials and Applications segment
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, were ¥109,351 million,
an increase of ¥3,220 million, or 3.0% year-on-year. Adjusted
operating income decreased by ¥6,313 million, or 65.8% year-onyear to ¥3,280 million, due to an increase in costs associated withrare-earth magnet and ferrite magnet investments, changes in raw
material prices as well as a slump in rare-earth magnet demandmainly for industrial equipment-related components. Operating
income increased by ¥1,480 million, or 20.3% year-on-year to¥8,766 million as a result of recording a total of ¥5,757 million ingain on bargain purchase and gain on a step acquisition under otherincome, which was generated from making Santoku Corporation a
consolidated subsidiary of the Company.
Rare-Earth Magnets: Sales of rare-earth magnets exceeded those of
the previous fiscal year, as a result of making Santoku Corporationa consolidated subsidiary of the Company. However, on the actual
demand front, sales for industrial equipment-related components
fell significantly below those of the previous fiscal year, due to a
slowdown in the electronics-related and semiconductor-related
markets and a decline in demand for various manufacturing
equipment and industrial machinery. Sales for automotive
electronic components applications also decreased year on year,
mainly reflecting a decline in new vehicle sales in China andEurope.
Ferrite Magnets: Sales of ferrite magnets for household applianceparts decreased. However, sales of ferrite magnets as a wholeremained unchanged year on year, as sales for automotive electronic
components for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, increased
overall year on year, despite a fall in demand in the fourth quarter.
Capital Expenditures, Depreciation and Amortization, and R&D expenses
Billions of yen
Years ended March 31

2019

2018

Capital expenditures¥ 22.5¥ 20.6

Depreciation and amortization

9.2

7.0

Research and development expenses

4.1

3.4

9

Functional Components and Equipment
Revenues
Revenues in the Functional Components and Equipment segment
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, were ¥367,563 million,
an increase of ¥7,510 million, or 2.1% year-on-year, due in part toa rise in raw material prices (sliding-scale raw material pricesystem) as well as an increase in sales of casting components forautomobiles. Adjusted operating income decreased by¥1,310 million, or 11.1% year-on-year to ¥10,489 million, due toloss-making heat-resistant exhaust casting components andaluminum wheels, difficulties in securing personnel because of thetough employment environment faced by Waupaca Foundry, Inc. in
the United States, and a decrease in sales of semiconductor
manufacturing equipment. A total of ¥10,278 million was recorded
as other expenses, due to the implementation of the structuralreforms in the heat-resistant exhaust casting components andaluminum wheels businesses, which were identified as “businesses
with issues.” As a result, operating income decreased by¥3,070 million year on year and an operating loss of ¥2,463 million
was recorded.
Casting Components for Automobiles: Overall sales of casting
components for automobiles increased year on year. This was due
to an increase in demand for casting components manufactured by
Waupaca Foundry, Inc. in the United States for commercial
vehicles, farming machinery, and construction machinery in North
America, and an increase in demand for automobiles in Asia.
Piping Components: Overall sales of pipe fittings in the fiscal year
ended March 31, 2019, fell below those of the previous fiscal year.
This was because, while in the United States, sales remained
unchanged from the previous fiscal year, Japan experienced adecline in demand due to the price revision made at the end of the previous fiscal year. Sales of semiconductor manufacturing equipment decreased
year on year due to delays in some capital investment projects. As a result, overall sales of piping components decreased year on year.
Capital Expenditures, Depreciation and Amortization, and R&D expenses
Billions of yen
Years ended March 31

2019

2018

Capital expenditures¥ 19.5¥ 24.7

Depreciation and amortization

16.5

16.7

Research and development expenses

3.5

3.5

10

Wires, Cables, and Related Products
Revenues
Revenues in the Wires, Cables, and Related Products segment for
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, were ¥240,123 million, an
increase of ¥9,591 million, or 4.2% year-on-year. The increase wasmainly driven by the expansion of the focused fields and a rise in
raw material prices (sliding-scale raw material price system).
Adjusted operating income decreased by ¥2,399 million, or 16.1%
year-on-year to ¥12,548 million, led in part by increased fixed costs
associated with capital expenditures, such as for the continuous
casting and rolling line.* Operating income of the segment increasedby ¥415 million, or 3.7% year-on-year to ¥11,598 million, mainly
due to a decrease in other expenses, which were recorded in theprevious fiscal year.
*The continuous casting and rolling line was completed in
April 2018 at the Company's Ibaraki Works. As a result, theCompany is able to offer enhanced core products, and the mass
production structure for the new high-performance pure coppermaterial "HiFC®" is in operation.
Electric Wires and Cables: Sales of wires and cables for rolling stockgrew mainly in China, and sales of wires and cables for construction
increased. Sales of magnet wires were also solid mainly for
automobile applications. As a result, overall sales of electric wires
and cables increased year on year.
High-Performance Components: Sales of automobile electronic
components increased year on year, due to an increase in demandfor various sensors, harnesses for electric parking brakes, and hybrid
automobiles, despite a decline in demand for brake hoses. Sales ofhigh performance components for medical use also increased year
on year, supported by solid demand for both probe cables and tubes.
As a result, sales of high performance components as a wholeincreased year on year.
Capital Expenditures, Depreciation and Amortization, and R&D expenses
Billions of yen
Years ended March 31

2019

2018

Capital expenditures¥ 12.8¥ 8.7

Depreciation and amortization

7.1

6.7

Research and development expenses

5.3

5.1

11

Financial Conditions and Liquidity
Source of Funds and Liquidity Management
The Company endeavors to generate stable operating cash flows and maintain liquidity to secure sufficient funds for its business activities andbuild a solid financial position. In principle, the Group draws largely on operating cash flows during the normal course of business and liquid funds
to fund working capital and strategic investments to secure sustainable growth. At the same time, the Group implements reliable and flexible
methods to minimize opportunity losses, including raising funds on financial and capital markets as an alternative option to fund growth.
In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the Company issued unsecured corporate bonds of ¥40 billion in December 2018, and the funds raised
were primarily used for capital expenditures and repayments of borrowings to strengthen the platform for further growth.
The Company adopted a Group cash pooling system (CPS) to help manage its own working capital and that of its subsidiaries. In principle,
consolidated subsidiaries in Japan procure funds through this CPS system, rather than taking on external debt. By consolidating surplus funds anddebts across the Group, the Group has better positioned itself to become more financially efficient. Group companies in the United States and China
also use this CPS system, through which funds of Group companies in these countries are centrally managed to enhance financial efficiency.
As of March 31, 2019, the current ratio was 151%, a liquidity level that management considers adequate.
Rating Information
The Company recognizes that maintaining a high, stable credit rating is essential for its management goal of maintaining adequate liquidity andflexibility in its financing policies and reduction in financing costs. Rating and Investment Information, Inc. (R&I), a major credit rating agency inJapan, assigned a rating of “A+” for the Company’s long-term bonds for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019. R&I has consistently rated theCompany as “A” or above since the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009.
Rating Information
R&I
RatingLong-term issue rating

2019
A+

2018
A+

Rating Symbols and Definitions:Rating “A+”: Very high creditworthiness supported by some excellent factors.

Financial Position
Total assets were ¥1,099,252 million, an increase of ¥40,420 million
from March 31, 2018. Current assets were ¥480,331 million, adecrease of ¥3,701 million from March 31, 2018. This was mainly
attributable to an increase in inventories of ¥24,603 million, anddecreases in cash and cash equivalents and trade receivables of¥13,814 million and ¥12,322 million, respectively. Non-current assets
were ¥618,921 million, an increase of ¥44,121 million from March 31,
2018. This was mainly attributable to an increase in property, plant andequipment of ¥46,842 million.
ROA was 4.0% in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, while 4.5%
in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018. The change in ROA is
primarily due to a decrease in income before income taxes for the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2019.
Total liabilities were ¥504,041 million, an increase of¥15,401 million from March 31, 2018. This was mainly attributable toan increase in short-term debt of ¥21,641 million, increases in thecurrent portion of long-term debt and long-term debt of¥19,613 million in total, and a decrease in trade payables of¥17,743 million. Total equity was ¥595,211 million, an increase of¥25,019 million from March 31, 2018. This was mainly attributable toan increase in retained earnings of ¥18,706 million.
The equity ratio stood at 53.5%, 0.4 percentage points higher thanthat of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, due to an increase inretained earnings of ¥18,706 million from March 31, 2018. Return on
invested capital was 4.1% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019,
1.7 percentage points lower than that of the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2018.
For the year ending March 31, 2020, management will continue toreinforce the Company’s consolidated financial position by reducing
interest-bearing debts further while improving realization of
investment effects.

12Cash Flows
The Company’s operating cash flows are the primary source of fundingfor operating capital necessary for business activities and capital
expenditures. Repayments of interest-bearing debts and cash dividends
paid to shareholders are funded mainly from free cash flows.
Cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2019, were ¥41,098 million,a decrease of ¥13,814 million from the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018,as a result of net cash used in investing activities exceeding cash provided
by operating activities and financing activities. The analysis of cash flows
for each category as of March 31, 2019, is as follows:
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net cash provided by operating activities was ¥66,582 million. Thiswas mainly attributable to net income of ¥31,243 million, anddepreciation and amortization of ¥50,901 million despite payment of¥18,261 million associated with an increase in working capital, such as
inventories.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Net cash used in investing activities was ¥96,247 million, which was
mainly attributable to payment of ¥98,414 million for the purchase ofproperty, plant and equipment.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Net cash provided by financing activities was ¥14,838 million. Thiswas mainly attributable to net increase in short-term debt of¥18,522 million, proceeds from long-term debt of ¥45,633 million, therepayment of long-term debts of ¥34,979 million, and the payment ofdividends of ¥12,973 million to shareholders.

13Capital Expenditures, Depreciation, and Amortization
The Group invested strategically to innovate its core businessprocesses for enhancement of production capacity and gaining acompetitive edge through streamlining production efficiency. This is inline with the Group’s goals of cultivating businesses that focus on
products with low environmental impacts and energy efficiency, growth
opportunities, and cost competitiveness of market-dominant products.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, capital expenditures were
¥95,389 million, a 3.9% increase year-on-year, and amounts invested bybusiness segment are as follows:
In the Specialty Steel Products segment, ¥37,504 million was invested
to build production systems for alloys for electronic products andindustrial equipment sectors in Japan. In the Magnetic Materials andApplications segment, ¥22,523 million was invested to build innovative
production lines and additional production lines to accommodate anincrease in production capacity for rare-earth magnets in Japan. In the
Functional Components and Equipment segment, ¥19,551 million wasinvested to streamline production efficiency and upgrade production
machinery, primarily overseas. In the Wires, Cables, and Related
Products segment, ¥12,879 million was invested to increase production
capacity for electric wires and cables, and electronic components in Japanand overseas
The Group is investing proactively in next-generation metal products,
and the above capital investments include investments that incorporate
an element of R&D. At the same time, the Company is taking steps tostrengthen its production technologies through the use of IoT.
The ratio of capital expenditures (CAPEX) to operating cash flows was
1.43 times for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, and the above
expenditures were covered by own funds and funds raised throughissuance of corporate bonds.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, there were no significant
disposals or sales of facilities.
For the fiscal year ending March 31, 2020, management plans to allocate ¥62,000 million (a 35.0% decrease year-on-year) to capital expenditures(including new and additional expenditures). The Specialty Steel Products segment will continue to enhance production capacities and streamline
production efficiency, primarily in Japan. The Magnetic Materials and Applications / Power Electronics segment will enhance and streamline its
magnet production capacities, primarily in Japan, while enhancing production capacity of power electronics materials. The Functional Components
and Equipment segment will enhance production capacity and production efficiency mainly overseas. The Wires, Cables, and Related Products
segment will enhance production capacity with respect to electric wires and cables, and electronic components, and production efficiency in Japanand overseas.
For both existing and new initiatives, management will endeavor to improve returns on investment and accelerate realization of investment effects.
Depreciation and amortization for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, were ¥50,901 million, which increased by 10.3% year on year.
Depreciation and amortization for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, for the Specialty Steel Products; Magnetic Materials and Applications;
Functional Components and Equipment; and Wires, Cables, and Related Products segments were ¥15,616 million, ¥9,296 million, ¥16,501 million,and ¥7,157 million, respectively.
The Group forecasts depreciation and amortization expenses for the year ending March 31, 2020, to be ¥60,000 million.
Capital Expenditures by Business Segment
Millions of yen
2019
2018
¥ 37,504¥ 27,974
22,523
20,61919,551
24,705
12,879
8,710
508
207
2,424
9,571
¥ 95,389¥ 91,786¥ 66,582¥ 39,133
1.43
2.35

Years ended March 31
Specialty Steel Products
Magnetic Materials and Applications
Functional Components and Equipment
Wires, Cables, and Related Products
OthersAdjustments
Total
Operating cash flows
CAPEX to operating cash flow ratio (times)
Depreciation and Amortization by Business Segment

Millions of yen
2019
2018
¥ 15,616¥ 14,275
9,296
7,086
16,501
16,739
7,157
6,715
325
298
2,006
1,025
¥ 50,901¥ 46,138

Years ended March 31
Specialty Steel Products
Magnetic Materials and Applications
Functional Components and Equipment
Wires, Cables, and Related Products
OthersAdjustments
Total
14

Research and Development (R&D) Activities
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the Group invested¥18,604 million in R&D, a 4.8% increase year-on-year. R&D to revenues
was 1.8% in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019.
Breaking down R&D expenses by segment, the Group allocated¥5,501 million for the Specialty Steel Products segment, ¥4,193 million
for the Magnetic Materials and Applications segment, ¥3,589 million for
the Functional Components and Equipment segment, and ¥5,321 million
for the Wires, Cables, and Related Products segment.
The Group forecasts R&D expenses for the fiscal year ending
March 31, 2020, to be ¥18,500 million.

R&D by Business Segment
Millions of yen
2019
2018
¥ 5,501¥ 5,558
4,193
3,489
3,589
3,563
5,321
5,139
¥ 18,604¥ 17,749¥ 1,023,421¥ 988,303
1.8%
1.8%

Years ended March 31
Specialty Steel Products
Magnetic Materials and Applications
Functional Components and Equipment
Wires, Cables, and Related Products
Total
Consolidated revenues
R&D to revenues (%)

Outlook
Performance Outlook for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2020
While the Group expects the world economy to remain on a gradual recovery path, the future remains difficult to predict as there are a numberof uncertainties stemming from political instability in many countries, including issues surrounding the United Kingdom’s exit from the EU, aprolonged and escalating trade dispute between the United States and China, concerns about further economic slowdown in emerging countries, aconsumption tax hike scheduled for October 2019 in Japan, and sudden fluctuations in exchange rates and raw material prices.
In this business environment, the Group aims to expand its “Only 1, No. 1” businesses and products for sustainable growth based on the fiscal
2021 medium-term management plan to position itself as a high-performance materials company that supports a sustainable society.

Management Strategies for the Future
Challenges
Since starting its business, the Group has contributed to society by delivering distinctive products in diverse industries such as automobile,industrial infrastructure, and electronics. In recent years, economic structures have changed dramatically on a global scale, and as society’s needs
diversify, new technologies, products, and services are being generated. In addition, as represented by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),
there is an increasingly strong demand for each company, as a corporate citizen, to proactively work to help create a sustainable society. Moreover,in the materials industry, which is one of the Group’s business areas, customer needs are becoming more sophisticated and diversified in step withchanges in society, and new materials are being developed at a faster pace each year to meet these needs. Under these circumstances, recognizingthat the Company’s mission is “Being the best enterprise” as stated in its corporate creed, the Company has developed the Fiscal 2021 MediumTerm Management Plan, the final year of which is the fiscal year ending March 31, 2022, to work toward achieving this mission. Under the
Fiscal 2021 Medium-Term Management Plan, with a vision of “Building People, Building Innovation, Building the Future,” the Group will pursue
its management strategy together with measures with the aim of becoming a high-performance materials company that supports a sustainable society.
That is why the Group aims to foster innovation in materials by providing opportunities to balance growth with an affluent social life through its
business operations to its human resources, who are the foundation of the Group. At the same time, the Group aims to foster innovation in materials,
by collaborating with its customers to enhance and expand its “Only 1, No. 1” business and products, leveraging its strengths. By accumulating theresults of these innovations, the Group will help create a sustainable society; that is, building the future of society as a whole.

15

The specific action plans of the Fiscal 2021 Medium-Term Management Plan are as follows:(1)

Concentrating resources on high-growth and high-revenue areas
The Group will work to develop products and expand businesses in response to market and technological trends such as electrifying andmotorizing automobiles, to concentrate its management resources on high-growth, high-revenue areas. The Group will also promote thecontinuous renewal of its portfolio.

(2)

Maximizing synergies through organizational reform
By shifting its company structure from the current four internal companies to two business divisions and by consolidating its resources andpracticing speedy decision making, the Group will work to strengthen synergies between each of its businesses, centered on the markets andbusinesses the Group will focus on in the future. At the same time, the Group will bolster its cross-sectional functions, and strengthen bothits strategic functions and governance by enhancing corporate divisions and energizing personnel exchanges between business divisions.

(3)

Strengthening the customer-facing functions and co-creating with customers
The Group will respond to changing needs in market environments and of customers to achieve strong growth, by enhancing the customerfacing functions (sales department and R&D department) to more quickly bring to market its “Only 1, No. 1” businesses and products thatare made by combining the Group’s creative technologies through co-creation with the customers.

(4)

Making full use of large-scale capital investment
The Group will make full use of the large-scale equipment investment undertaken in its previous Medium-Term Management Plan, and willreap early effects. At the same time, the Group will implement selective equipment investment focusing on high-growth, high-revenue areas.

(5)

Decisively executing structural reform and measures to strengthen the management baseFor businesses and products with low profitability that have little potential for improvement, the Group will encourage the departments
responsible for their business execution to shrink or withdraw from them, with utmost efforts promote consolidation and effective utilizationof management resources. In addition, the Group will introduce management with Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) as a new indicator andseek to reduce invested capital, such as shortening the Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) or working capital days, in order to improve cash flow
and asset efficiency.
Meanwhile, the Group will create an innovative and challenging corporate culture by emphasizing diversity management and work-stylereforms and maximizing their effectiveness through such measures as the hiring and fostering of personnel suitable for a global businessenvironment and promoting participation by woman in active career-track roles.

Business Risk
The following risks may significantly influence investors’ decisions. The forward-looking statements stated below are based on certain
assumptions and predictions determined by the Group as of the issuance date of the Securities Report (available only in Japanese).
(1) Economic Conditions of Market and Product Demand
Demand for the Group’s products is subject to market trends in the following industries: the iron and steel industry; the home electronics-relatedindustry, such as personal computers, smartphones, and semiconductors; the automotive industry; the aviation industry; and the construction industry.
The Group sells its products in Japan; the United States; Asia, such as China; and Europe. Accordingly, economic conditions in those countries
affect the sales of the Group’s products.
The Group endeavors to build a profitable structure that is less subjected to changes in the business climate and an organizational structure thatis able to quickly identify and respond to changes in market environments by raising productivity, reducing fixed and variable costs, and lowering
the break-even point. However, declining demand in related industries or worsening economic conditions in the countries in which the Group’s
products are sold may affect the operating results and financial position of the Group.
(2) Fluctuations in Prices of Raw Materials
Raw materials for the Group’s metal products include scrap iron and copper, as well as cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, and rare metals, such as rareearths, for which suppliers and production areas are limited. Prices for these raw materials may fluctuate dramatically depending on market
conditions. Trading volume of raw materials may also be affected by resource policies and other factors in production countries.
The Group reflects increases in raw material costs in the selling prices of its products. Nonetheless, there is a time lag between the increase in
raw material costs and the revision of selling prices in response to higher costs, and not all of the increased costs will be reflected in selling prices.
In addition, given the rise in raw material prices, there is a possibility that customer demand will shift from current products to other cheap alternative
products. Accordingly, increases in raw material costs, which are not reflected in selling prices, may affect the operating results and financial
position of the Group.
(3) Funding
The Group raises funds through borrowings from financial institutions and long-term financing from capital markets. Accordingly, fluctuationsin interest rates or an increase in credit risks may affect the Group’s operating results and financial position.
(4) Fluctuations in Foreign Exchange Rates
The Group imports raw materials from overseas countries and exports products manufactured in Japan to overseas markets. Thus, fluctuations inforeign exchange rates affect transactions, assets, and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. The Group hedges the risks of fluctuations inforeign exchange rates that affect import and export transactions denominated in foreign currencies using financial instruments, including forward
exchange contracts and currency options. Nonetheless, significant fluctuations in foreign exchange rates may affect the Group’s operating results
and financial position. The Group translates the financial statements of foreign consolidated subsidiaries into yen to prepare its consolidated financial
statements. Therefore, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates may affect the Group’s operating results and financial position.
(5) Fluctuations in Value of Marketable Securities
The Group holds marketable securities which are subject to impairment due to a downturn in securities markets or deteriorating financial positionsof issuing companies, which may affect the Group’s operating results and financial position.
16

(6) Overseas Expansion
The Group is actively expanding its operations overseas, including in the United States; Asia, such as China; and Europe, and exporting its
products in response to maturing Japanese markets and the offshore shifts of customers.
When expanding its operations into new overseas markets, the Group is required to make large initial investments in manufacturing and otherfacilities and, in many cases, the Group may require time to commence operations. Overseas expansion entails three inherent risks that may interrupt
business activities: (1) regulatory changes in legal and tax systems, (2) underdeveloped social systems and infrastructures, and (3) economic, social,
and political conditions, including custom duties, import regulations, and protectionism. If such risks materialize, they may adversely affect overseas
operations and the Group’s operating results and financial position.
(7) Competitive Advantage and Development and Commercialization of New Technologies and Products
The Group’s competitors offer similar products in the businesses in which the Group operates. Products in the information systems and electronic
device fields are faced with rapidly changing customer requirements and technologies, and typically in the parts and materials business segmentsof this field, the markets for existing products could shrink in a short period of time. Accordingly, the Group’s competitiveness is affected by its
competitive edge in terms of price, quality, and delivery; and ability to develop and commercialize new technologies and products.
The Group endeavors to maintain its competitiveness by identifying customer needs and developing and commercializing new technologies andproducts. However, if the Group is unable to respond properly to changes in technologies and customer needs or if lead times of development andcommercialization for new technologies or products are prolonged, the Group’s growth potential and profitability may deteriorate and the Group’s
operating results and financial position may be affected.
(8) Intellectual Property Rights
The Group owns and licenses numerous intellectual property rights and also exercises those rights based on its business strategy. The Group
respects the intellectual property rights of other companies and when deemed necessary or effective, the Group may obtain licenses to use theintellectual property rights of third parties. If those rights are not protected, maintained, or obtained as planned, the Group’s operations orcompetitiveness may be affected. In cases where the Group becomes a party to litigation regarding intellectual property rights, litigation-related
costs would be incurred and may affect operating results and financial position.
(9) Environmental Regulations
The customers who have business with the Group are subjected to extensive environmental and other regulations in their business operations.
Regulations have and will become more stringent, and as a result, the Group is required to ensure regulatory compliance with regard to the materials
and parts for manufacturing its products, and may incur unavoidable expenditures to meet customers’ specifications.
The Group’s businesses are subjected to various environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations covering air and waterpollution, using and handling hazardous substances, rationalizing use of energy, disposing waste, and soil and groundwater contamination. The
Group is responsible for risks relating to environment, health, and safety associated with its past, present, and future business activities. As related
laws and regulations become more stringent, any costs incurred as a result of stringent laws and regulations may affect the Group’s operating results
and financial position.
(10) Product Defects
Certain products of the Group, such as important safety components, are required to be exceptionally reliable. The Group has built a rigorous
quality control system to prevent manufacturing and distribution of defective products, or products that do not satisfy agreed-upon customer
specifications.
However, in case defective products or products that do not satisfy agreed-upon customer specifications are released in the market, costs forrelevant repairs, replacements, recalls, damage compensation claims, and litigation may be incurred and, accordingly, such costs may affect theGroup’s operating results and financial position.
(11) Laws and Regulations, and Official Restrictions
The Group is subject to economic laws and regulations for trade, foreign exchange, and taxation, and other related regulations and official
restrictions in Japan and other countries in which it operates. The Group endeavors to comply with these laws and regulations, and official
restrictions by designing and improving internal controls. However, in case the Group is considered as failing to comply with these requirements,
administrative penalties would be imposed, or compensation for the damages associated with civil actions may be charged. In cases where theselaws, regulations, and official restrictions are revised, such revision may increase related expenses incurred by the Group. An increase in these
expenditures may affect the Group’s operating results and financial position.
(12) Earthquakes and Other Natural Disasters
The Group may experience turmoil in its logistics or supply chain in case of earthquakes, typhoons, or other natural disasters that damage anddestroy its facilities, they could force the Group to halt its operations. Even if such disasters do not have direct impacts on its facilities, there is apossibility that logistics or supply chain channels, or communication networks, could be affected, triggering chaos. Epidemics of a new strain of
influenza virus or other new infectious diseases may also cause turmoil in the Group’s business activities. Should natural disasters or other events
lead to direct or indirect turmoil in the Group’s operations, they may disrupt the Group’s business activities and affect its operating results andfinancial position.
(13) Information Security
The Group recognizes the use and increasing importance of information systems in its business activities and enforces measures to enhance
information security. In cases where information systems are corrupted due to computer viruses or other causes, the Group’s operations may be
disrupted, and operating results and financial position may be affected.
The Group holds and manages personal information obtained from customers, and various confidential information on the Group, and customers’
technologies, research and development, manufacturing, sales, and marketing activities. The Group manages and protects the confidential
information; however, there is no guarantee that the Group’s information management is effective enough to protect the confidential informationfrom unforeseeable security events. Should the Group discloses such information without proper authority, it may be charged with compensation
claims or filed a lawsuit. Such events may adversely affect the Group’s operating results, financial position, reputation, or credibility.

17(14) Retirement and Severance Benefits
The Group bears a significant amount of retirement benefit costs and obligations determined by actuarial valuations. Inherent in these valuations
are key assumptions used in estimating the amount of pension plan assets, including mortality, withdrawal rate, retirement rate, changes in wages,
discount rates, and expected return on plan assets. The Group is required to make judgments regarding these key assumptions by taking into accountvarious factors, including personnel demographics, current market conditions, and expected trends in interest rates. Although the Group believes
that the key assumptions are reasonable in light of the various underlying factors, there is no assurance that the key assumptions are consistent withactual results. A decrease in the discount rate may result in an actuarial increase in retirement benefit obligations. Changes in key assumptions may
affect the Group’s operating results and financial position.
(15) Business Relationship with the Parent Company
Hitachi, Ltd. is the Company’s parent company and holds 53.5% (including indirect ownership of 0.5%) of the voting rights of the Company asof March 31, 2019. Hitachi, Ltd. has four listed subsidiaries, including the Company, and many other affiliates under its control, engaging in a broad
range of business activities from product manufacturing to sales and services in the Mobility, Smart Life, Industry, Energy and IT sectors. As of theissuance date of the Securities Report (available only in Japanese), one of nine directors of the Company concurrently serves as directors of Hitachi,Ltd. Further, the Company has continuous trade transactions, rendering of services, provision of technologies, and loan agreements with Hitachi,Ltd. While securing the Company’s independence, it actively participates in Hitachi Group management and intends to maximize the effective useof Hitachi Group’s research and development capabilities, as well as brand and other management resources. Thus, the Group’s business may beaffected by the management strategy of Hitachi, Ltd.
(16) M&A
The Group may be involved in transactions, including acquiring other entities, establishing joint ventures, and entering into strategic businessalliances aimed at developing new technologies and products, enhancing competitiveness in each of the Group’s business domains, and expanding
business areas. Executing these strategies may require time before the Group creates synergy benefits, as it addresses complex issues involving
integration of businesses, technologies, products, and human resources, a process that entails both time and costs. When the strategic transactions
are not executed in accordance with a plan, there is a possibility that initially expected benefits may not be obtained. Furthermore, businesscollaborations might be adversely affected by factors that are beyond the Group’s control, such as decisions or capabilities of its strategic alliancepartners and market trends. Moreover, significant costs may be incurred owing to post-integration management issues, including restructuring ofacquired entities or businesses, which may impair the Group’s operating results and financial position.
(17) Securing Resources
In order to maintain the competitive edge of the Group, it is necessary to secure highly skilled human resources for business operations on an
ongoing basis. Such resources are, however, scarcely available in the market, and competition with other companies for hiring the necessary talentis becoming intense. As a result, if the Group is unable to recruit the necessary individuals with high skills or retain highly skilled workers, this may
cause a shortage in the resources required for business operations and may adversely impact the Group’s operating results and financial position.

18

Table of Contents

Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes ..................................................................................................................................... 20
Consolidated Financial Statements ....................................................................................................................................................... 20
1)
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position ..................................................................................................................... 20
2)
Consolidated Statement of Income and Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income ............................................. 21
3)
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity .................................................................................................................... 23
4)
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows ............................................................................................................................... 25
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements .................................................................................................................................. 27
Nature of the Reporting Company .................................................................................................................................. 27
Basis of Presentation ........................................................................................................................................................ 27
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies ................................................................................................................. 27
Segment Information ........................................................................................................................................................ 33
Business Combinations..................................................................................................................................................... 38
Trade Receivables ............................................................................................................................................................. 39
Inventories ......................................................................................................................................................................... 40
Investments Accounted for Using the Equity Method ................................................................................................... 40
Property, Plant and Equipment ...................................................................................................................................... 41
Goodwill and Intangible Assets ....................................................................................................................................... 43
Deferred Taxes and Income Taxes .................................................................................................................................. 45
Trade Payables .................................................................................................................................................................. 47
Provisions........................................................................................................................................................................... 47
Employee Benefits ............................................................................................................................................................. 48
Equity ................................................................................................................................................................................. 51
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income and Other Comprehensive Income ...................................................... 52
Dividends ........................................................................................................................................................................... 56
Revenues ............................................................................................................................................................................ 57
Other Income and Other Expenses ................................................................................................................................. 58
Other Financial Income and Expenses ............................................................................................................................ 58
Earnings per Share ........................................................................................................................................................... 58
Supplementary Explanation on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows ............................................................... 59
Financial Instruments and Other Related Information................................................................................................. 59
Pledged Assets ................................................................................................................................................................... 72
Major Subsidiaries and Associates .................................................................................................................................. 73
Transactions with Related Parties ................................................................................................................................... 75
Commitments and Contingencies (Other Than Liabilities Recognized as Provisions) ............................................... 76
Subsequent Events ............................................................................................................................................................ 76

19

Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes
Consolidated Financial Statements
1)

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
As ofMarch 31, 2019

As ofMarch 31, 2018

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
As ofMarch 31, 2019

¥ 41,098
195,306
214,805
29,122
480,331¥ 54,912
207,628
190,202
31,290484,032$ 370,286
1,759,672
1,935,355
262,384
4,327,696

28,563

27,863257,348

19,978402,160
143,558
9,652
15,010618,921¥ 1,099,252

21,385355,318
141,896
13,28015,058574,800¥ 1,058,832

179,998
3,623,389
1,293,432
86,963
135,237
5,576,367$ 9,904,063¥ 48,844
34,26837,730155,251
38,018534‒
2,739
317,384¥ 27,203
27,36841,060172,994
40,313‒869
7,153
316,960$ 440,076
308,749
339,941
1,398,784
342,535
4,811‒
24,6782,859,573

23
23
14
11
13

118,986923
58,124
4,964
3,660
186,657
504,041

106,273956
57,807
3,305
3,339
171,680
488,640

1,072,043
8,316
523,687
44,72532,976
1,681,746
4,541,319

15
15
15, 1716
1526,284
115,045425,886
21,925(1,161)

26,284
113,518
407,180
16,896(1,158)236,814
1,036,535
3,837,157
197,540(10,460)

587,979

562,720

5,297,585

7,232
595,211¥ 1,099,252

7,472
570,192¥ 1,058,832

65,1595,362,744$ 9,904,063

Millions of yen
Note
AssetsCurrent assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade receivables
Inventories
Other current assets
Total current assets
Non-current assets
Investments accounted for using the equity
methodInvestments in securities and other financial
assetsProperty, plant and equipment
Goodwill and intangible assets
Deferred tax assets
Other non-current assets
Total non-current assets
Total assets
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Short-term debt
Current portion of long-term debt
Other financial liabilities
Trade payables
Accrued expenses
Contract liabilities
Advances received
Other current liabilities
Total current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Long-term debt
Other financial liabilities
Retirement and severance benefits
Deferred tax liabilities
Other non-current liabilities
Total non-current liabilities
Total liabilities
EquityEquity attributable to shareholders of the parent
company
Common stock
Capital surplus
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Treasury stock, at cost
Total equity attributable to shareholders of theparent company
Non-controlling interests
Total equity
Total liabilities and equity

6
7
23

8
23, 24
9
10
11

23
23
23
12, 2313

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

20

2)

Consolidated Statement of Income and Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Statement of Income

4, 18

For the year ended
March 31, 2019
¥ 1,023,421(851,029)
172,392

For the year ended
March 31, 2018
¥ 988,303(803,607)
184,696

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
For the year ended
March 31, 2019
$ 9,220,840(7,667,619)
1,553,221

19
19(120,965)
10,667(19,652)
42,442(119,566)
5,401(24,205)
46,326(1,089,873)
96,108(177,061)
382,395

514
846(2,818)
(8)

449
988
(2,334)(1,150)

4,631
7,622
(25,390)
(72)

2,063
43,039(11,796)
31,243

2,706
46,985(4,910)42,075

18,587387,774(106,280)
281,494

31,370(127)¥ 31,243

42,210(135)¥ 42,075

282,638(1,144)$ 281,494

For the year ended
March 31, 2019

For the year ended
March 31, 2018

U.S. dollars
For the year ended
March 31, 2019

¥ 73.37‒¥ 98.72‒$ 0.66‒

Millions of yen
Note
Revenues
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Selling, general, and administrative expenses
Other income
Other expenses
Operating income
Interest income
Other financial income
Interest charges
Other financial expenses
Share of profits of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Income before income taxes
Income taxes
Net income

20
20
8
11

Net income attributable to:Shareholders of the parent company
Non-controlling interests
Net income

Yen

Earnings per share attributable to shareholders of
the parent company
Basic
Diluted21

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

21

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

For the year ended
March 31, 2019
¥ 31,243

For the year ended
March 31, 2018
¥ 42,075

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
For the year ended
March 31, 2019
$ 281,494

(363)
1,013

663
2,094

(3,271)9,127(1,127)474(10,154)

(477)

3,231

(4,298)

5,800
(49)

(6,132)433

52,257
(441)

(95)

46

(856)

5,656
5,179
¥ 36,422(5,653)(2,422)¥ 39,653

50,96046,662$ 328,156¥ 36,562(140)¥ 36,422¥ 39,569
84¥ 39,653$ 329,417(1,261)$ 328,156

Millions of yen
Note
Net income
Other comprehensive income
Items not to be reclassified into net income
Net change in fair value of financial assets
measured at fair value through othercomprehensive income
Remeasurements of defined benefit plans
Share of other comprehensive income ofinvestments accounted for using the equity
methodTotal items not to be reclassified into net
incomeItems that can be reclassified into net income
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Share of other comprehensive income ofinvestments accounted for using the equity
methodTotal items that can be reclassified into net
incomeTotal other comprehensive income
Comprehensive income

8

8

16

Comprehensive income attributable to:Shareholders of the parent company
Non-controlling interests
Comprehensive income
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

22

3)

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
Millions of yen
NoteCommonstock

Balance at April 1, 2017
Changes in equity
Net income
Other comprehensive income
Dividends to shareholders of the17
parent company
Dividends to non-controllinginterests
Acquisition of treasury stock
15
Sales of treasury stock
15
Transactions with non-controllinginterests
Transfer to retained earnings
Total changes in equity
Balance at March 31, 2018
Changes in equity
Net income
Other comprehensive income
Dividends to shareholders of the17
parent company
Dividends to non-controllinginterests
Acquisition of treasury stock
15
Sales of treasury stock
15
Transactions with non-controllinginterests
Transfer to retained earnings
Total changes in equity
Balance at March 31, 2019

¥ 26,284

Capitalsurplus

Total equity
attributable toNonshareholders controllingof the parent
interests
company¥ (1,151)¥ 536,563¥ 12,183

AccumuTreasury
Retained lated otherstock, atearnings comprehencost
sive income¥ 115,806 ¥ 376,069¥ 19,555

Total
equity¥ 548,746

‒
‒

‒
‒

42,210‒‒(2,641)‒‒

42,210(2,641)(135)219

42,075(2,422)‒‒(11,117)‒‒(11,117)‒(11,117)

‒
‒
‒

‒
‒
0

‒
‒
‒

‒
‒
‒

‒
(7)
0

‒
(7)
0

(177)
‒
‒

(177)
(7)
0

(2,288)‒‒18(2,288)31,111¥ 113,518 ¥ 407,180‒(18)(2,659)¥ 16,896‒‒(7)¥ (1,158)(2,288)‒26,157¥ 562,720(4,618)‒(4,711)¥ 7,472(6,906)‒
21,446¥ 570,192‒‒‒¥ 26,284‒‒‒‒

31,370
‒

‒
5,192

‒
‒

31,370
5,192

(127)
(13)

31,243
5,179‒‒(12,827)‒‒(12,827)‒(12,827)

‒
‒
‒

‒
‒
0

‒
‒
‒

‒
‒
‒

‒
(3)
0

‒
(3)
0

(146)
‒
‒

(146)
(3)
0

1,527
‒
‒
163
1,527
18,706¥ 115,045 ¥ 425,886

‒
(163)
5,029
¥ 21,925‒‒(3)¥ (1,161)

1,527‒
25,259¥ 587,979

46
‒
(240)
¥ 7,232

1,573‒
25,019¥ 595,211‒‒‒¥ 26,284

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

23

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Note Common
stockBalance at March 31, 2018
$ 236,814
Changes in equity
Net income‒
Other comprehensive
income‒Dividends to shareholders
17of the parent company‒
Dividends to noncontrolling interests‒
Acquisition of treasury
15
stock
‒
Sales of treasury stock
15‒
Transactions with noncontrolling interests‒
Transfer to retained
earnings‒
Total changes in equity‒
Balance at March 31, 2019
$ 236,814

Capitalsurplus$ 1,022,777

Total equity
Accumulated
attributable to
NonRetained
other
TreasuryTotalshareholders controlling
earnings
comprehensive stock, at costequityof the parent
interests
incomecompany$ 3,668,619$ 152,230 $ (10,433) $ 5,070,006$ 67,321 $ 5,137,328‒

282,638‒‒

282,638(1,144)281,494‒‒

46,779‒46,779(117)

46,662‒(115,569)‒‒(115,569)‒(115,569)

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

(1,315)(1,315)

‒
0

‒
‒

‒
‒

(27)
0

(27)
0

‒
‒

(27)
0

13,758‒‒‒13,758414

14,172‒
13,758$ 1,036,535

1,469
168,538$ 3,837,157(1,469)45,310$ 197,540‒(27)$ (10,460)‒
227,579$ 5,297,585

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

24‒‒(2,162)
225,417$ 65,159 $ 5,362,744

4)Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

For the year ended
March 31, 2019

For the year ended
March 31, 2018

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
For the year ended
March 31, 2019

¥ 31,243¥ 42,075$ 281,494

50,901
7,394

46,138
10,611

458,609
66,619(2,063)
1,466
3,721
3,306
(5,653)
11,796
18,294(20,378)
1,482(16,177)(2,800)302(4,264)78,570818(2,712)(66)(10,028)
66,582(2,706)
2,047
2,340
799
(280)
4,910
(33,542)(37,829)(8,096)23,0283,181
697(2,975)50,398
1,672(2,583)(628)(9,726)
39,133(18,587)
13,20833,52629,786(50,933)
106,280
164,826(183,602)
13,353(145,752)(25,227)
2,721(38,418)
707,902
7,370(24,435)(595)(90,350)
599,892(98,414)(1,476)(76,265)(1,262)(886,692)(13,298)

650

2,073

5,856

260

(105)

2,343

955
‒
1,778
(96,247)

918
(86)
(353)
(75,080)

8,604‒
16,019(867,168)

Millions of yen
Note
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization
Impairment losses
Share of profits of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Financial expenses
Losses on sale of property, plant and equipment
Structural reform expenses
Net gain on business reorganization and others
Income taxes
Decrease (increase) in trade receivables
Increase in inventories
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable - other(Decrease) increase in trade payables(Decrease) increase in accrued expenses
Increase in retirement and severance benefits
Other
SubtotalInterest and dividends received
Interest paid
Payments for structural reforms
Income taxes paid
Net cash provided by operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
Purchase of intangible assets
Proceeds from sales of property, plant andequipment
Proceeds from (purchase of) investments insecurities and other financial assets (including
investments in subsidiaries and investments
accounted for using the equity method)
Proceeds from sale of investments in securities
and other financial assets (including investments
in subsidiaries and investments accounted forusing the equity method)
Payments for transfer of business
Other
Net cash used in investing activities(Continued)

25

Millions of yen
Note
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase in short-term debt
Proceeds from long-term debt
Repayment of long-term debt
Purchase of shares of consolidated
subsidiaries from non-controllinginterests
Dividends paid to shareholders
Dividends paid to non-controllinginterests
Acquisition of common stock fortreasury
Proceeds from sales of treasury stock
Net cash provided by (used in)financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
and cash equivalents
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at the
beginning of the year
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of
the year

For the year ended
March 31, 2019

For the year ended
March 31, 2018

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
For the year ended
March 31, 2019

22
22
22

18,522
45,633(34,979)

2,335
3,549
(35,239)

166,880
411,145(315,155)17(1,362)(12,827)(6,906)(11,117)(12,271)(115,569)

(146)

(177)

(1,315)

(3)
0

(7)
0

(27)
0

14,838(47,562)

133,688

1,013(13,814)(990)(84,499)

9,127(124,462)

54,912

139,411494,747¥ 41,098¥ 54,912$ 370,286

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

26

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Nature of the Reporting Company
Hitachi Metals, Ltd. (the “Company”) is a Japan-based company whose shares are listed on the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange.
Its principal office is located at 2-70 Konan 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo. The Company’s consolidated financial statements comprise thefinancial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, as well as its share of the profit or loss of associates and joint ventures. The
Company and its subsidiaries (the “Group”) primarily manufacture and sell specialty steel products, magnetic materials and applications,functional components and equipment, and wires, cables, and related products.

Basis of Presentation
As the Company meets the qualification for a “Specified Company applying Designated IFRSs” pursuant to Article 1-2 of the Ordinanceon Terminology, Forms and Preparation Method of Consolidated Financial Statements (Ordinance of Ministry of Finance of Japan
Regulation No. 28, 1976), the consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with International
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, as permitted by the provision of
Article 93 of the above Ordinance.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for derivative financial instruments measured
at fair value, financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), financial instruments measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI), and assets and liabilities associated with defined benefit plans. The consolidated
financial statements are presented in millions of Japanese yen. Amounts are rounded to the nearest million yen for presentation.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements were approved by Koji Sato, Representative Executive Officer, President and Chief
Executive Officer, on June 25, 2019.
Management of the Company is required to make a number of judgments, estimates, and assumptions related to the application of
accounting policies and reporting of revenues and expenses, and assets and liabilities to prepare the consolidated financial statements inaccordance with IFRS. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
Estimates and assumptions are continually reviewed. The effects of a change in accounting estimates, if any, are recognized in thereporting period in which the change was made and in future periods.
The translation of Japanese yen amounts into U.S. dollars as of and for the year ended March 31, 2019, is included in this annual reportsolely for the convenience of readers outside Japan. The translation has been made at the rate of ¥110.99 = $1, the approximate exchange
rate as of March 31, 2019.
The following notes include information regarding judgments in applying accounting policies that could materially affect the Company’s
consolidated financial statements:• Note 3. (1) “Basis of Consolidation”• Note 3. (4) “Financial Instruments” and Note 23. “Financial Instruments and Other Related Information”
The following notes include information regarding uncertainties arising from assumptions and estimates that may materially affect theCompany’s consolidated financial statements in the following fiscal year:• Note 3. (9) “Impairment of Non-Financial Assets”• Note 3. (11) “Post-Employment Benefits” and Note 14. “Employee Benefits”• Note 3. (12) “Provisions,” Note 3. (13) “Contingencies,” Note. 13 “Provisions,” and Note 27. “Commitments and Contingencies (Other
Than Liabilities Recognized as Provisions)”• Note 3. (15) “Income Taxes” and Note 11. “Deferred Taxes and Income Taxes”

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies(1)

Basis of Consolidation(a) Subsidiaries
Subsidiaries are entities controlled mainly by the Group through direct or indirect ownership of a majority of voting rights.
The Company consolidates all subsidiaries from the date on which the Group acquired control until the date on which the Group loses
control.
The financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries have been adjusted if accounting policies applied by such subsidiaries differ
from those of the Group, if necessary.
Changes in ownership interest in subsidiaries without a loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions. On the other hand,changes in ownership interest in subsidiaries with a loss of control are accounted for by derecognizing assets and liabilities, noncontrolling interests, and accumulated other comprehensive income attributable to the subsidiary.
Financial statements of subsidiaries whose fiscal closing dates differ from the consolidated account closing date are included in the
consolidated financial statements on the basis of a provisional account closing as of the consolidated account closing date.
27

(b) Associates and joint ventures (accounted for using the equity method)
Associates are entities over which the Group has the ability to exercise significant influence over operational and financial policies
mainly by holding 20% to 50% ownership directly or indirectly, but does not control such entities.
Joint ventures are entities jointly controlled by more than one party, including the Group, and decisions about operational and financial
policies require unanimous consent of all parties where the Group has a right to the net assets of the arrangement.
Investments in associates and joint ventures (“equity-method investees”) are accounted for using the equity method.
Consolidated financial statements include changes in net income and other comprehensive income of the equity method investees fromthe date on which the Group obtains significant influence or joint control over the investees to the date on which it loses significant
influence or joint control.
The financial statements of the Group’s equity-method investees have been adjusted, if necessary, when the accounting policies of such
equity-method investees differ from those of the Group.
(2)

Cash Equivalents
The Group considers highly liquid investments with insignificant risk of changes in value and original maturities of three months or lesswhen purchased to be cash equivalents.

(3)

Foreign Currency Translation
The consolidated financial statements are presented in Japanese yen, which is also the Company’s functional currency.
(a) Foreign currency transactions
Foreign currency transactions are translated into each functional currency of the Group using exchange rates prevailing at the dates of
the transactions or rates that approximate such rates. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translatedusing the exchange rate at the end of the reporting period. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from currency translation andsettlement are recognized in profit or loss.
(b) Translation of the financial statements of foreign operations
Assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign operations are translated into Japanese yen using the exchange rate at the end of thereporting period. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rate prevailing during the year.
Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the translation of financial statements of foreign operations are included in othercomprehensive income.

(4)

Financial Instruments(a) Non-derivative financial assets
The Group initially recognizes trade and other receivables on the actual transaction dates. Other financial assets are initially recognizedon the dates on which the Group becomes party to the agreement.
The Group derecognizes financial assets when the contractual rights to cash flows from the financial assets expire or all the risks andrewards of ownership of the financial assets are substantially transferred. For transactions under which all the risks and rewards ofownership of the financial assets are not substantially retained nor transferred, the Group derecognizes financial assets when it does notretain control of the financial asset.
Classification and measurement methods of non-derivative financial assets are summarized as follows:
Financial assets measured at amortized cost
Financial assets are classified as measured at amortized cost when they meet the following requirements:• The financial asset is held in accordance with the Group’s business model, whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collectcontractual cash flows.
• The contractual terms of financial assets give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and intereston the principal amount outstanding.
Financial assets measured at amortized cost are initially measured at fair value (including direct transaction costs). The carrying
amount of financial assets measured at amortized cost is subsequently determined using the effective interest method. Interest income
from financial assets measured at amortized cost is included in interest income in the consolidated statement of income.
FVTOCI financial assets
The Group holds certain equity instruments to expand its revenue base by primarily maintaining and strengthening business relations
with investees and classifies these equity instruments as FVTOCI financial assets. At initial recognition, FVTOCI financial assets aremeasured at fair value and subsequently measured at fair value at the date of fiscal year-end. Changes in fair value are recognized inother comprehensive income, and the cumulative amount of the changes in fair value is recognized in accumulated othercomprehensive income. Dividends from equity instruments designated as FVTOCI financial assets are recognized in profit or loss
unless they are obviously a return of investment.
28

FVTPL financial assets
The Group classifies all equity instruments not classified as FVTOCI financial assets and all debt instruments not classified as financial
assets measured at amortized cost as FVTPL financial assets. FVTPL financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value, andany changes in fair value are recognized in profit or loss.
Impairment of financial assets
The Group assesses an allowance for expected credit losses on trade and other receivables at least on a quarterly basis, regardless ofwhether the credit risk on those receivables has increased significantly since initial recognition.
The Group measures an allowance for doubtful accounts for a financial asset at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses
if the credit risk on that financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition. If the credit risk on a financial asset has
not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Group measures an allowance for doubtful accounts for that financial asset at
an amount equal to 12-month expected credit losses. The Group, however, measures an allowance for doubtful accounts for tradereceivables at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses without exceptions.
The Group determines whether the credit risk on financial assets has increased significantly based on changes in the risk of default
occurring. The Group defines a default event by the debtor as a situation in which a significant issue arises on the debtor’s paymentof contractual cash flows, causing the Group to have no reasonable expectation of recovering the financial asset in its entirety or a
portion thereof. In assessing the changes in the risk of default occurring, the Group mainly considers external credit ratings and pastdue information.
Expected credit losses are measured at the present value of differences between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Groupand all future cash flows that the Group is expected to receive from the financial assets, which is weighted by the probability of acredit loss event occurring. When one or more events, such as the existence of overdue payments; extended payment terms; a negativeevaluation by third-party credit rating agencies; excessive debts; and findings indicating a deteriorating financial position or operating
results, have occurred, the Group individually assesses the financial assets as credit-impaired and estimates expected credit losses
based on primarily historical default events and amounts recoverable in future periods. If the financial assets are not credit-impaired,
the Group estimates the expected credit losses using allowance rates on a collective basis based primarily on historical default events,
adjusted by considering present and future economic conditions as necessary.
The Group recognizes an allowance for doubtful accounts for expected credit losses on trade and other receivables, and does notdirectly reduce the carrying amounts of those receivables. Any changes in credit losses are recognized as impairment losses in profit
or loss, which are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of income. After all meansof collection have been exhausted and the recoverability of the financial asset is considered remote, the Group determines that it has
no reasonable expectations of recovering the financial asset in its entirety or a portion thereof and directly writes off such asset.
(b) Non-derivative financial liabilities
The Group initially recognizes debt instruments issued on the date of issuance. All other financial liabilities are initially recognized on
the transaction dates on which the Group becomes party to the agreement.
The Group derecognizes financial liabilities when extinguished, that is, when the obligation in the contract is redeemed, or the liability
is discharged, cancelled, or expires.
Non-derivative financial liabilities that the Group holds include bonds, debts, trade payables, and other financial liabilities. They are
initially recognized at fair value (less direct transaction costs). Bonds and debts are subsequently measured at amortized cost using theeffective interest method, and interest income is recognized in interest charges in the consolidated statement of income.
(c) Derivatives and hedge accounting
The Group uses derivative instruments, including forward exchange contracts, interest rate swaps, and copper futures trading, in orderto hedge currency risks, interest rate risks, and raw material (copper) price fluctuation risks. These derivatives are all recorded at fairvalue regardless of the purposes or intentions of holding the derivatives.
The Group applies hedge accounting as follows:• Fair value hedge: a hedge against changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability, or an unrecognized firm commitment. Thechanges in the fair value of the recognized assets or liabilities, or unrecognized firm commitments, and the related derivatives arerecognized in profit or loss if the hedge is considered effective.
• Cash flow hedge: a hedge against variability in cash flows attributable to a forecasted transaction or related to a recognized asset or
liability. The changes in the fair value of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges are recognized in other comprehensive
income (loss) if the hedge is considered effective. This treatment is continued until the unrecognized firm commitment of thedesignated hedged item or changes in hedged expected future cash flows are recognized in profit or loss, at which point changes infair value of the derivative instruments are also recognized in profit or loss. If a hedged forecast transaction subsequently results in
the recognition of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, changes in fair value of derivatives recognized as othercomprehensive income (loss) are directly included in the cost or other carrying amount of the asset or liability when the non-financial
asset or non-financial liability is recognized.
29

The Group documents risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking various hedge transactions as stipulated in
IFRS 9 .Financial Instruments (amended in July 2014). In addition, the Group assesses whether the derivative used in hedging activities
is effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of the hedged item at the hedge’s inception and periodically on an ongoingbasis. Hedge accounting is discontinued for ineffective hedges.
(d) Offsetting of financial assets and liabilities
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the consolidated statement of financial position only when theGroup currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and intends to settle on a net basis or to realize the asset
and settle the liability simultaneously.
(5)

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined by the specific identification method or average cost
method for merchandise and finished products, and work in process, and generally by the moving average cost method or average cost
method for raw materials and supplies. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimatedcosts of completion and the estimated costs necessary to sell.

(6)

Property, Plant and Equipment
The Group applies the cost model to property, plant and equipment and states such assets at cost, less accumulated depreciation andaccumulated impairment losses. The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment includes the direct cost of acquisition, and the cost ofits dismantlement, removal, and restoration. Property, plant and equipment are principally depreciated using the straight-line method overthe following estimated useful lives:
Buildings and structures:
2 to 60 years
Machinery and vehicles:
2 to 20 years
Tools, furniture and fixtures:
2 to 30 years
The estimated useful lives and the method of depreciation are reviewed at each fiscal year-end. Changes in estimated useful lives ordepreciation method are accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate and applied prospectively.

(7)

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets(a) Goodwill
Goodwill is stated at cost, less any accumulated impairment losses.
(b) Intangible assets (excluding goodwill)
The Group applies the cost model to intangible assets and states such assets at cost, less accumulated amortization and impairment
losses.
Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized principally using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful
lives:
Software:2 to 10 years
Other intangible assets:
2 to 20 years(8)

Equity(a) Common stock and capital surplus
The amounts of equity instruments issued by the Company are recognized in common stock and capital surplus at their issued prices,and the costs incurred directly related to the issuance are deducted from capital surplus.
(b) Treasury stock
When the Company acquires treasury stock, the acquisition costs are recognized as deductions from equity. When treasury stock is sold,the differences between the carrying amounts and the considerations are recognized in capital surplus.

(9)

Impairment of Non-Financial Assets
The Group performs impairment testing for non-financial assets whenever events or circumstances have occurred that indicate that thecarrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. The Group tests goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment
annually, generally during the fourth quarter, irrespective of whether there is any indication of impairment. The Group performs impairment
testing by estimating the recoverable amount per cash-generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs. When performing an impairment
test, assets are grouped into the smallest identifiable group whose cash flows are independent.
In determining the recoverable amount, the Group uses available quoted market prices or the income approach (a present value technique)based on the estimated future cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. If the carrying amountof the assets allocated to a CGU exceeds the recoverable amount, an impairment loss on the assets of that CGU is recognized.
When there is a significant change in the facts and circumstances used to calculate the recoverable amount of an asset other than goodwill,
and there is an indication that an impairment loss previously recognized on the asset may no longer exist or be decreased, the recoverable
amount of the asset or the CGU is estimated. If the recoverable amount of the asset or the CGU exceeds its carrying amount, then the
impairment loss is reversed to the extent of the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, had
no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.
30(10) Assets Held for Sale
The Group classifies an asset or a disposal group of assets whose carrying amount will be recovered through a sales transaction, rather than
through continuing use, as an asset or assets held for sale, if its sale is highly probable and it is available for immediate sale in its present
condition. Assets held for sale are not depreciated or amortized, and are measured at the lower of carrying amount or fair value, less costs tosell.
(11) Post-Employment Benefits
The Company and its subsidiaries have contributory defined benefit pension plans as well as funded and unfunded lump-sum payment plans
to provide retirement and severance benefits to employees. The present value of defined benefit obligations and retirement benefit costs aremeasured based on the projected unit credit method.
The effects of remeasurements of the net defined benefit asset or liability are recognized in other comprehensive income when incurred. Past
service cost is immediately recognized in profit or loss.
The net amount of a defined benefit asset or liability is calculated as the present value of the defined benefit obligation, less the fair value ofthe plan assets, and is recognized as an asset or liability in the consolidated statement of financial position.
Additionally, the Company and certain subsidiaries have defined contribution pension plans, recognizing the contributions to the plans as
expenses during the fiscal year when employees have rendered service.
(12) Provisions
The Group recognizes provisions when it has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, when it is probable thatan outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and the amount of obligation can be reliably
estimated.
When the time to settle an obligation is expected to be long and the time value of money is material, the amount of a provision is measured
at the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation. The discount rate used in calculating the present
value is a pre-tax rate that reflects the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.
The nature and the amount of the provisions that the Group recorded are described in Note 13. “Provisions.”(13) Contingencies
In accordance with IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets, the Group discloses contingent liabilities in Note 27.
“Commitments and Contingencies (Other Than Liabilities Recognized as Provisions)” for outflows of resources embodying economic
benefits whose realization is uncertain at the end of the reporting period, if it cannot be determined as a present obligation as of the end of
the reporting period or if it does not meet the recognition criteria of provisions prescribed in (12) “Provisions,” unless the possibility of any
outflow in settlement is remote.
The Group has financial guarantee contracts that require the Group to make specified payments to reimburse the creditor for a loss when the
debtor fails to make payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are initially measured
at fair value adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequent to initial recognition, theGroup accounts for liabilities related to the financial guarantee contracts at the higher of the best estimate of expenditures required for settling
the present obligation at the reporting date or the amount initially recognized, less cumulative amortization.
(14) Revenue Recognition
The Group recognizes revenue by applying the following five steps:
Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer
Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract
Step 3: Determine the transaction price
Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation
The Group engages in a wide-range of transactions, and some are tailored based on customers’ requests where it offers two or more products
or services to customers under the transactions. When the Group enters into two or more contracts with a customer to provide products orservices, related contracts are combined taking into account the relationships between considerations in the contracts or the timing of thecontracts entered into with the customers. The transaction price is allocated to performance obligations on a relative standalone selling pricebasis, and revenue is recognized accordingly.
The relative standalone selling price is estimated by taking many factors into account, including market conditions, market prices ofcompetitive products, costs of products, and information about the customer.
The transaction price is determined at the amount of consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in exchange for transferringpromised goods or services to a customer. Variable consideration, such as discounts and rebates, are included in the transaction price only tothe extent that it is highly probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when theuncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The promised consideration does not contain a significant
31

financing component.
(15) Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities arising from temporary differences, unused tax losses, and unused tax credits are recognized based on theasset and liability method. A deferred tax liability is not recognized on the temporary difference arising from goodwill, and the temporary
difference arising from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction which is not a business combination, and at the time oftransaction, affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss. It is also not recognized on outside-basis difference arising from investments
in subsidiaries and associates when the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable thatthe temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates
expected to be applied to taxable income in the fiscal year when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered. The effects of achange in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized in profit or loss and other comprehensive income in the fiscal yearthat includes the date of enactment of the change in the tax rate. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that futuretaxable income will be available against which any unused tax losses, unused tax credits, and future deductible temporary difference can beutilized.
(16) Consumption Tax
Consumption tax collected and remitted to taxing authorities is excluded from revenues, cost of sales, and expenses in the consolidated
statements of income.
(17) Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) attributable to shareholders of the parent company is calculated based on the weighted-average of common
stock outstanding during the period.
(18) Business Combinations
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method. Acquisition cost is determined as the total consideration transferred,measured at the acquisition date fair value and the non-controlling interests in the acquiree. For each business combination, the Groupchooses to measure any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at fair value or on the basis of its proportionate interest in the acquiree’s
identifiable net assets at fair value. Acquisition-related costs are recognized as incurred in profit or loss.
Business combinations under common control, in other words, business combinations in which all the combining entities or businesses areultimately controlled by the same party or parties both before and after the business combinations and when the control is not temporary, areaccounted for based on carrying amounts.
(19) Changes in Accounting Policies
1) Adoption of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (amended in July 2014)
The Group had previously adopted IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (issued in November 2009, and amended in October 2010 and
December 2011), but from the beginning of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the Group has adopted IFRS 9 Financial Instruments(amended in July 2014). IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (amended July 2014) includes requirements related to hedge accounting, amendments
to the classification and measurement requirements for financial instruments, and introduces an impairment accounting model for expectedcredit losses on financial assets.
As a transitional measure upon the adoption of IFRS 9 (amended in July 2014), the Group applies this standard with the cumulative effectof initially applying this standard recognized as an adjustment to the beginning balance of retained earnings for the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2019. There is no material impact on the Group's financial positon and operating results from the application of this standard.
2) Adoption of IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers
From the beginning of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the Group has adopted IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
IFRS 15 provides the comprehensive model and a robust framework for addressing revenue recognition issues. Under IFRS 15, revenue ismeasured based on changes in the asset or liability arising from a contract with a customer and recognized once control of goods or services
is transferred to the customer.
As a transitional measure upon the adoption of IFRS 15, the Group applies this standard retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initiallyapplying this standard recognized as an adjustment to the beginning balance of retained earnings for the full-year ended March 31, 2019.
There is no material impact on the Group's financial positon and operating results from the application of this standard.
Payments received from customers that were previously presented as advances received are now presented as contract liabilities in the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2019.
(20) Standards Issued but Not Yet Effective
Of the standards and interpretations that were issued, amended, or revised but not yet effective before the approval date of the accompanying
consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended March 31, 2019, IFRS 16 Leases was not adopted by the Group for the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2019.
IFRS 16 sets out the principles for recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of leases. A lessee is required to account for allleases in its consolidated statement of financial position, applying a single accounting model. IFRS 16 is effective for annual periods
beginning on or after January 1, 2019, and the Group will apply IFRS 16 from April 1, 2019. The Group applies transition requirements in
32

IFRS 16 that retrospectively recognize the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard as an adjustment to the opening balance ofretained earnings at the date of initial application.
The Group’s lease transactions are mainly leases of real estate. The impacts of applying IFRS 16 on the statement of financial position at
the beginning of the year ending March 31, 2020, are as follows: an increase in assets by approximately ¥16,900 million(US $152,266 thousand) primarily due to recognition of right-of-use assets; an increase in liabilities by approximately ¥17,400 million(US $156,771 thousand) primarily due to recognition of lease liabilities; and a decrease in equity by approximately ¥500 million(US $4,505 thousand) due to an adjustment of the opening balance of retained earnings. Accordingly, the potential impacts of applying
IFRS 16 on the consolidated statement of income is expected to be insignificant. With respect to impacts on the consolidated statement ofcash flows, lease payments under operating leases were previously included in cash flows from operating activities. While under IFRS 16,
adjustments related to amortization of the right-of-use assets are primarily included in cash flows from operating activities, and lease
payments for lease liabilities are included in cash flows from financing activities. As a result, following the adoption of IFRS 16, it ispredicted that cash flows from operating activities will increase, while cash flows from financing activities will decrease.

Segment Information
Business Segments
The Group’s operating segments are components for which independent financial information is available and which are regularly reviewed by
the Board of Directors to assist the Board in making decisions about resources to be allocated to the segments and to assess performance.
The Group has adopted a company-based organizational structure and established seven business headquarters based on the type of products andservices. Each of the seven business units prepares a comprehensive strategy and engages in business activities related to their products andservices for both the domestic and overseas markets.
The Specialty Steel Products segment comprises the Specialty Steel Business, Roll Business, and Soft Magnetic Materials Business. The Magnetic
Materials and Applications segment comprises the Magnet Business. The Functional Components and Equipment segment comprises theAutomotive Components Business and Piping Components Business. The Wires, Cables, and Related Products segment comprises the Electric
Wires and Cables Business.
The primary products and services included in each segment are as follows:
Reportable segment

Major products and services

Specialty Steel Products

YSSTM brand high-grade specialty steel products (molds and tool steel, alloys for electronic products [displayrelated materials, semiconductor and other package materials, and battery-related materials], materials forindustrial equipment [automobile-related materials and razor and blade materials], aircraft- and energy-relatedmaterials, and precision cast components); rolls for steel mills; injection molding machine parts; structural
ceramic products; steel-frame joints for construction; soft magnetic materials (Metglas® amorphous metals;
FINEMET® nanocrystalline magnetic material; and soft ferrite); and applied products

Magnetic Materials andApplications

Magnets (NEOMAX® rare-earth magnets, ferrite magnets, and other magnets and applied products) andceramic components

Functional Components andEquipment

Casting components for automobiles (HNMTM high-grade ductile cast iron products, cast iron products fortransportation equipment, and HERCUNITE® heat-resistant exhaust casting components); SCUBATM
aluminum wheels; other aluminum components; piping and infrastructure components ( Gourd® brand pipe
fittings, valves, stainless steel and plastic piping components, water cooling equipment, precision mass flow
control devices, and sealed expansion tanks)

Wires, Cables, and Related
Products

Electric wires and cables (industrial cables, electronic wires, electric equipment materials, and industrial rubber
products) and functional products (cable assemblies, electronic automotive components, and brake hoses)

The same accounting policies as the ones described in Note 3. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” are applied to the reportablesegments.
Income by reportable segment is based on operating income. Intersegment revenues are based on prevailing market price.

33

The following tables show business segment information for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:
For the year ended March 31, 2019
Millions of yen
Reportable segment
Specialty
Steel
Products

Magnetic
Functional
Wires,
Materials Components Cables, andandandRelatedApplications Equipment
Products

Others

Total

Subtotal

Adjustments

Consolidated
statement ofincome¥‒¥ 1,023,421

Revenues
External customers¥ 304,366¥ 109,351¥ 367,563¥ 239,602¥ 1,020,882¥ 2,539 ¥ 1,023,421

Intersegment
transactions

196

‒

‒

521

717

1,890

2,607

(2,607)‒

Total revenues

304,562

109,351

367,563

240,123

1,021,599

4,429

1,026,028(2,607)

1,023,421

Segment profit

22,5128,766(2,463)

11,59840,413945

41,3581,084

42,442Financial income

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

1,360

Financial expenses

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

(2,826)

Share of profits ofinvestments
accounted for using
the equity method

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

2,063

Income before
income taxes

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

43,039Segment assets

420,105

159,193339,251

258,570

1,177,119

1,396

1,178,515(79,263)

1,099,252

Depreciation andamortization

15,616

9,296

16,501

7,157

48,570325

48,8952,006

50,901

Capital expenditure

37,504

22,523

19,551

12,87992,457508

92,9652,424

95,389Impairment losses

‒

‒

7,378

16

7,394

‒

7,394

‒

7,394

(loss)

Other items:

Notes: 1. Segment profit (loss) is based on operating income.
2. Intersegment transactions are recorded at the same prices used in transactions with third parties. Adjustments represent mainly allocation
variances of general and administrative expenses for corporate assets, which are not allocated to each reportable segment.
3. Adjustments represent mainly cash and cash equivalents, investments in securities, and other financial assets allocated to corporate assets
and eliminations of intersegment transactions.
4. Capital expenditure represents increases in property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, and investment property.

34

For the year ended March 31, 2018
Millions of yen
Reportable segment
Adjustments

Consolidated
statement ofincome¥ 988,303¥‒¥ 988,303

1,586

2,429

(2,429)‒987,315

3,417

990,732(2,429)988,303

11,18345,203111

45,314

1,012

46,326

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

1,437

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

(3,484)

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

2,706

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

46,985

388,098

135,390

341,073

246,805

1,111,366

1,490

1,112,856 (54,024)

1,058,832

Depreciation andamortization

14,275

7,086

16,7396,715

44,815298

45,113

1,025

46,138

Capital expenditure

27,974

20,61924,7058,710

82,008207

82,215

9,571

91,786

Impairment losses

1,193

1,340

8,011

41

10,58526

10,611‒

10,611

Specialty
Steel
Products

Magnetic
Materials
andApplications

Functional
Components
andEquipment

Wires,
Cables, andRelatedProducts

Subtotal¥ 290,412¥ 106,119¥ 360,053¥ 229,888

187

12

‒

290,599

106,131

26,127

Financial income
Financial expenses

OthersTotal¥ 986,472¥ 1,831644

843

360,053

230,532

7,286

607

‒

‒

‒

Revenues
External customers
Intersegment
transactions
Total revenues
Segment profit

Share of profits ofinvestments
accounted forusing the equity
methodIncome before
income taxes
Segment assets
Other items:

Notes: 1. Segment profit is based on operating income.
2. Intersegment transactions are recorded at the same prices used in transactions with third parties. Adjustments represent mainly allocation
variances of general and administrative expenses for corporate assets, which are not allocated to each reportable segment.
3. Adjustments represent mainly cash and cash equivalents, investments in securities, and other financial assets allocated to corporate assets
and eliminations of intersegment transactions.
4. Capital expenditure represents increases in property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, and investment property.
The Company has changed the business segment of SH Copper Products Co., Ltd, a subsidiary of the Company, and another subsidiary from the
Wires, Cables, and Related Products segment to the Specialty Steel Products segment effective from July 1, 2017, aiming to strengthen batteryrelated components in the Specialty Steel Products segment. Associated with this change, the operating results of SH Copper Products and one othersubsidiary for the year ended March 31, 2018, have been recorded under the Specialty Steel Products segment.

35

For the year ended March 31, 2019
Thousands of U.S. dollars
Reportable segment
Magnetic
Functional
Wires,
Specialty Steel Materials Components Cables, andProducts
andandRelatedApplications Equipment
Products

OthersSubtotal

Adjust-ments

Total

Consolidated
statement ofincomeRevenues
External customers$ 2,742,283$ 985,233

1,766

‒

‒

4,694

6,460

17,02923,489(23,489)‒

Total revenues

2,744,049

985,233

3,311,677

2,163,465

9,204,424

39,904

9,244,328(23,489)

9,220,840

Segment profit (loss)

202,829

78,980(22,191)

104,496364,1148,514

372,628

9,767

382,395

Financial income

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

12,253Financial expenses
Share of profits ofinvestments
accounted forusing the equity
methodIncome before
income taxes
Segment assets

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

(25,462)

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

18,587

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

387,774

3,785,071

1,434,300

3,056,591

2,329,669

10,605,631

12,578

10,618,209 (714,145)

9,904,063

Other items:
Depreciation andamortization
Capital expenditure

140,697

83,755

148,671

64,483437,607

2,928

440,535

18,074

458,609337,904

202,928

176,151

116,037

833,021

4,577

837,598

21,840859,438

Impairment losses‒‒

66,474

144

66,619‒66,619‒66,619Intersegment
transactions$ 3,311,677 $ 2,158,771

36$ 9,197,964 $ 22,876 $ 9,220,840$ ‒ $ 9,220,840

Other Related Information
For the year ended March 31, 2019
1. Product and service information
Information is similar to that presented under Segment Information above and is therefore omitted.
2. Geographic information(1) Revenues
Millions of yen
Japan

North America

Asia

Europe¥ 448,984¥ 310,880¥ 200,703¥ 50,406

Other areas¥ 12,448

Total¥ 1,023,421

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Japan

North America

Asia

EuropeOther areas

Total$ 4,045,265$ 2,800,973$ 1,808,298$ 454,149$ 112,154$ 9,220,840
Note: Revenues are classified by country or region based on the customer’s location.
Revenues from external customers attributed to any individual country or region other than Japan, the United States, and China
were not material.
Revenues from external customers in the United States and China were ¥277,942 million (US $2,504,208 thousand) and¥76,206 million (US $686,602 thousand), respectively.
(2) Non-current assets (excluding financial instruments)
Millions of yen
Japan

North America

Asia

EuropeOther areas

Total¥ 357,898¥ 176,293¥ 50,825¥ 220¥ 1,989¥ 587,225

Other areas

Total

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Japan

North America

Asia

Europe$ 3,224,597$ 1,588,368$ 457,924$ 1,982$ 17,921$ 5,290,792
Note: Non-current assets (excluding financial instruments) attributed to any individual country or region other than Japan and the UnitedStates were not material.
Non-current assets (excluding financial instruments) attributable to the United States were ¥176,293 million(US $1,588,368 thousand).
3. Significant customer information
There was no concentration of revenues from a specific customer for the year ended March 31, 2019.
For the year ended March 31, 2018
1. Product and services information
Information is similar to that presented under Segment Information above and is therefore omitted.
2. Geographic information(1) Revenues
Millions of yen
Japan

North America

Asia

EuropeOther areas

Total¥ 431,549¥ 294,836¥ 198,076¥ 51,447¥ 12,395¥ 988,303
Note: Revenues are classified by country or region based on the customer’s location.
Revenues from external customers attributed to any individual country or region other than Japan, the United States, and China
were not material.
Revenues from external customers in the United States and China were ¥259,683 million and ¥75,323 million, respectively.
(2) Non-current assets (excluding financial instruments)
Millions of yen
Japan

North America

Asia

EuropeOther areas

Total¥ 321,141¥ 170,395¥ 44,664¥ 278¥ 1,482¥ 537,960
Note: Non-current assets (excluding financial instruments) attributed to any individual country or region other than Japan and the UnitedStates were not material.
Non-current assets (excluding financial instruments) attributable to the United States were ¥170,395 million.
3. Significant customer information
37

There was no concentration of revenues from a specific customer for the year ended March 31, 2018.

Business Combinations
The major business combination for the year ended March 31, 2019, is as follows:
Making Santoku Corporation a subsidiary through acquisition of shares
1. Purpose of acquisition of sharesWith NEOMAX® neodymium magnets, the strongest magnet of its kind available in the world, as its mainstay product, Hitachi Metals’
Magnetic Materials Company has been supplying a wide range of high-performance magnets as key materials for downsizing, weight-saving,
optimization, energy-saving, and improvement of environmental performance in various fields including automobiles, IT, home appliances,industrial machinery, medicine, the environment, and energy.
At the same time, Santoku Corporation possesses a high level of expertise that includes microstructure control technology for alloys, asevidenced by the fact that Santoku Corporation was the first in the world to succeed in the molten salt electrolysis of rare earths as well as themass production of rare earth rapid quenching alloys. Santoku Corporation also carries out integrated production from raw materials to highpurity compounds and assorted alloys. As for the manufacturing of neodymium magnet alloys that make up the raw materials of neodymium
magnets, specifically, Santoku Corporation has a patent related to strip casting process manufacturing technologies and has been recognized as
the world’s leading comprehensive rare earth manufacturer.
As significant growth is expected in the global market for xEVsNote, the Company has been endeavoring to reinforce the competitiveness ofhigh-performance magnets by boosting the global production system and optimizing material flows that cover from raw materials to endproducts. While the Company has been investing aggressively in the manufacturing of neodymium magnet alloys and the development of new
recycling technologies, it has decided to acquire Santoku Corporation as a subsidiary in order to further accelerate the progress of the activities
above.
Note: xEVs is the general term for electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs).
The Company acquired shares of Santoku Corporation, equivalent to 75.64% of the voting rights, as of April 2, 2018, and Santoku Corporation
became a consolidated subsidiary of the Company. As of May 25, 2018, the Company made Santoku Corporation a wholly owned subsidiarythrough the consolidation of shares.
Through the acquisition of Santoku Corporation, the Company will aim to develop a stable production system and achieve sustainable growthin the global market by establishing an integrated production system that covers from the manufacturing of alloys and magnets for the
neodymium magnets business to recycling.
2. Name of the acquired company and its business(1) Name: Santoku Corporation(2) Business: Manufacturing and sales of rare earth compounds, rare earth metals, magnet materials, and battery materials
3. Date of acquisition of shares
April 2, 2018
4. Ratio of voting rights acquired
75.64%

38

5. Consideration for the acquisition of shares and fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed
The following table summarizes consideration for the acquisition of Santoku Corporation and recognized amounts of assets acquired andliabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition.
Thousands ofMillions of yen
U.S. dollars
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade receivables
Inventories
Other current assets
Non-current assets (except for intangible
assets)Intangible assets
Other non-current assets
Total assets
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Total liabilities
Consideration paid (cash)
Fair value of pre-existing interests in theacquiree
Total consideration for the acquisition ofsharesNon-controlling interests
Gain on bargain purchase¥ 2,883
12,025$ 25,975
108,343

4,119
715

37,111
6,442

7,849

70,718

215
1,201

1,937
10,821¥ 29,007$ 261,348

13,533
4,115

121,930
37,075¥ 17,648$ 159,005

2,552

22,993

162

1,460¥ 2,714$ 24,453

2,935

26,444

5,710

51,446

Non-controlling interests are measured at an amount equivalent to non-controlling shareholders’ ownership interests in the acquiredcompany’s identifiable net assets at fair value.
The gain of ¥5,710 million (US $51,446 thousand) on bargain purchase of the shares of Santoku Corporation arose in this acquisition because
fair value of the net assets acquired exceeded the consideration for the acquisition of shares. The gain on bargain purchase is recorded as otherincome in the consolidated statement of income.
The allocation of consideration transferred in the acquisition was accounted for at provisional amounts as of June 30, 2018. During the sixmonth period ended September 30, 2018, the amounts were finalized and there were no changes to the provisional amounts recognized.
6. Acquisition-related costs
The Company recorded ¥31 million (US $279 thousand) of acquisition-related costs of the business combination as other expenses in the
consolidated statement of income.
7. Gain on a step acquisition
As a result of remeasurement of equity interests in Santoku Corporation held by the Company before the acquisition date at acquisition-datefair value, they were determined as ¥162 million (US $1,460 thousand), and thus, the Company recognized a gain on a step acquisition of¥47 million (US $423 thousand) as other income in the consolidated statement of income.
8. Revenue and net income of the acquired company
Disclosure regarding revenue and net income of the acquired company for the period between the acquisition date and March 31, 2019, isomitted because the amounts do not have material effects on the consolidated financial statements.

Trade Receivables
Trade receivables as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, are summarized as follows:
Millions of yen
March 31, 2019

March 31, 2018

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019

Accounts receivable¥ 168,398¥ 180,252$ 1,517,236
Notes receivable and electronically recordedmonetary claims
27,21927,573245,238
Allowance for doubtful accounts
(311)
(197)
(2,802)
Total¥ 195,306¥ 207,628$ 1,759,672
For credit risk control and fair value of trade receivables, see Note 23. “Financial Instruments and Other Related Information.”

39

Inventories
Inventories as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, are summarized as follows:
Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
March 31, 2018
March 31, 2019
Merchandise and finished products¥ 73,524¥ 62,842$ 662,438
Work in process
86,33075,121
777,818
Raw materials and supplies
54,951
52,239495,099
Total¥ 214,805¥ 190,202$ 1,935,355
The amount of inventories written down for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, was ¥4,300 million (US $38,742 thousand) and¥2,942 million, respectively.
Millions of yen

Investments Accounted for Using the Equity Method
The summarized financial information, in aggregate, for individually immaterial associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity
method as of and for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, is as follows:
These amounts represent the Group’s share of the associates and joint ventures per ownership percentage.
(1) Investments in associates
Millions of yen
Carrying amount of investments

March 31, 2019
¥ 28,519

March 31, 2018
¥ 27,863

2018¥ 2,489520¥ 3,009

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
2019$ 17,407(11,010)$ 6,397

March 31, 2017¥‒

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2018
$ 396

Millions of yen
Net income
Other comprehensive income
Total comprehensive income

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
$ 256,951

2019¥ 1,932(1,222)¥ 710(2) Investments in joint ventures
Millions of yen
Carrying amount of investments

March 31, 2018
¥ 44

Millions of yen
Net income
Other comprehensive income
Total comprehensive income

2019
¥ 131
‒
¥ 131

40

2018
¥ 217
‒
¥ 217

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
2019$ 1,180‒$ 1,180

Property, Plant and Equipment
The following tables show the reconciliation of the carrying amount, acquisition costs, accumulated depreciation, and accumulated impairment
losses of property, plant and equipment as of and for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:
Millions of yen
Tools,
Other
Machineryfurnituretangibleand vehicles
andassetsfixtures

Buildings
andstructures

Land

Construction inprogress

Total

Carrying amountAt April 1, 2017

¥ 55,449¥ 79,786¥ 146,042¥ 16,346¥ 215¥ 26,829¥ 324,667

Additions

14

418

2,482

1,506

‒

86,06890,488

Disposals
Depreciation

(200)
‒

(538)
(6,950)(1,618)(26,708)(616)(7,804)

(10)
(83)

(23)
‒

(3,005)(41,545)

Impairment losses
Effects of exchange rate changes
Transfer from construction inprogress
Change in the scope of consolidation‒(50)(1,418)(997)(6,395)(2,379)

(715)
(220)

‒
1

(2,178)(332)(10,706)(3,977)‒

8,967

44,5988,213‒(61,778)

‒

‒
403

‒
(1,434)

(3)
(72)

(3)
506

‒
61

(5)
(57)

(11)
(593)

¥ 55,616¥77,834¥ 155,947¥ 17,213¥ 184¥ 48,524¥ 355,318

753
(190)

664
(225)

2,604
(2,927)

1,170
(971)

4
(2)

88,718(162)

93,913(4,477)‒(44)(7,657)(802)(30,030)(7,367)(8,032)
(411)

(423)
‒

‒
(1,045)(46,142)(9,669)

25

844

1,812

181

(28)

197

3,031

97

29,61853,974

8,284‒(91,973)

‒

4,584
(41)

1,747
772

1,314
(206)

142
(45)

28
1,895

31
(35)

7,846
2,340

¥ 60,800¥ 102,795¥ 175,121¥17,531¥ 1,658¥ 44,255¥ 402,160

Other
At March 31, 2018
Additions
Disposals
Depreciation
Impairment losses
Effects of exchange rate changes
Transfer from construction inprogress
Change in the scope of consolidation
Other
At March 31, 2019

Buildings andstructures

Land

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Tools,
Other
Machineryfurniture andtangibleand vehicles
fixturesassetsConstruction inprogress

Total

Carrying amountAt April 1, 2018
Additions
Disposals
Depreciation
Impairment losses
Effects of exchange ratechanges
Transfer fromconstruction in progress
Change in the scope of
consolidation
Other$ 501,090$ 701,270$ 1,405,055$ 155,086$ 1,658$ 437,193$ 3,201,351

6,784(1,712)

5,983(2,027)23,462(26,372)

10,541(8,749)36(18)799,333(1,460)846,139(40,337)‒(396)(68,988)(7,226)(270,565)(66,375)(72,367)(3,703)(3,811)‒‒(9,415)(415,731)(87,116)

225

7,604

16,326

1,631

(252)

1,775

27,309874

266,853486,296

74,637‒(828,660)‒

41,301

15,74011,839

1,279

252

279

70,691(369)
6,956(1,856)(405)
At March 31, 2019
$ 547,797$ 926,165$ 1,577,809$ 157,951
Note: Property, plant and equipment under construction are presented as construction in progress.

41

17,074(315)

21,083$ 14,938$ 398,730$ 3,623,389

Depreciation charges recognized for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, are included in cost of sales and selling, general andadministrative expenses of the consolidated statement of income. Impairment losses are included in other expenses of the consolidated statementof income.
Millions of yen
Buildings
Tools,
Other
Machinery
Construction
Landandfurniture andtangibleTotal
and vehicles
in progressstructures
fixturesassetsAcquisition cost
At April 1, 2017

¥ 55,904¥ 259,939¥ 641,348¥ 91,243¥ 944¥ 26,847¥ 1,076,225

At March 31, 2018

55,865

260,589665,225

98,764941

50,687

1,132,071

At March 31, 2019

61,010292,749694,793

97,447

4,875

44,486

1,195,360

Accumulated depreciation andaccumulated impairment
lossesAt April 1, 2017

¥ 729

¥ 18

¥ 751,558¥ 455¥ 180,153¥ 495,306¥ 74,897

At March 31, 2018249

182,755

509,278

81,551757

2,163

776,753

At March 31, 2019210

189,954519,672

79,9163,217

231

793,200

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Tools,
Other
Machineryfurniture andtangibleand vehicles
fixturesassetsLand

Buildings andstructures

Constructionin progress

At March 31, 2019

$ 549,689$ 2,637,616$ 6,259,960$ 877,980$ 43,923$ 400,811$ 10,769,979

Accumulated
depreciation andaccumulated impairment
lossesAt March 31, 2019

$ 1,892$ 1,711,451$ 4,682,152$ 720,029$ 28,985$ 2,081$ 7,146,590

Total

Acquisition cost

Items of property, plant and equipment are grouped by the smallest CGU that generates largely independent cash inflows.
The Group recognized impairment losses of ¥9,669 million (US $87,116 thousand) and ¥10,706 million on property, plant and equipment for theyears ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Impairment losses were recognized for the year ended March 31, 2019, to reduce the carrying amounts of business-use assets (mainly machinery),due mainly to a decline in profitability in the heat-resistant casting components of the Functional Components and Equipment segment, to theirrecoverable amounts for the amount of ¥6,975 million (US $62,843 thousand). The recoverable amount of an asset is determined based on its fairvalue less costs of disposal, and the assets above were evaluated as ¥7,394 million (US $66,619 thousand) as of December 31, 2018, when the
impairment loss was recognized. The fair value of an asset is determined mainly under the market approach. The fair value is measured based onreal estate appraisals. The fair value hierarchy for such inputs is classified as Level 3.
Impairment losses were recognized for the year ended March 31, 2018, to reduce the carrying amounts of business-use assets (mainly buildings
and machinery), due mainly to a decline in profitability in the aluminum wheels business of the Functional Components and Equipment segment,
to their recoverable amounts for the amount of ¥8,011 million. The recoverable amount of an asset is determined based on its fair value less costsof disposal, and the assets above were evaluated as ¥3,514 million as of March 31, 2018. The fair value of an asset is determined mainly underthe market approach. The fair value is measured based on real estate appraisals. The fair value hierarchy for such inputs is classified as Level 3.

42Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The following tables show the reconciliation of the carrying amounts, acquisition costs, and the accumulated amortization and accumulated
impairment losses of goodwill and intangible assets as of and for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

Goodwill

Software forinternal use

Millions of yen
Software for
sale

Other
intangible assets¥ 3,313¥ 458¥ 34,360

Total

Carrying amountAt April 1, 2017

¥ 113,064

Purchases
Amortization

‒

108

38

1,116

1,262

‒

(1,256)(194)(3,040)(4,490)

Impairment losses

‒
‒

(9)
(6)

‒
‒

(41)
(8)

(50)
(14)

(4,396)
‒

(8)
841

(19)
‒

(1,561)(841)(5,984)
‒

‒

(1)

‒

‒

(1)

Disposals
Effects of exchange rate changes
Transfer from software in progress
Change in the scope of consolidation
Other
At March 31, 2018

(28)

(8)

‒

14

(22)

¥ 108,640¥ 2,974¥ 283¥ 29,999¥ 141,896‒‒

145(1,351)

41
(173)

1,290
(3,045)

1,476(4,569)

‒
‒

(4)
(7)

‒
‒

(7)
(6)

(11)
(13)

3,509
‒

(9)
1,123

12
‒

1,212
(1,123)

4,724
‒

‒

209

‒

‒

209

Purchases
Amortization
Impairment losses
Disposals
Effects of exchange rate changes
Transfer from software in progress
Change in the scope of consolidation
Other
At March 31, 2019

¥ 151,195

‒

(17)

2

(139)

(154)

¥ 112,149¥ 3,063¥ 165¥ 28,181¥ 143,558

Software forinternal use

GoodwillThousands of U.S. dollars
Software for
Other
sale
intangible assets

Total

Carrying amountAt April 1, 2018
Purchases
Amortization
Impairment losses
Disposals
Effects of exchange rate changes
Transfer from software in progress
Change in the scope of consolidation
Other
At March 31, 2019

$ 978,827$ 26,795$ 2,550$ 270,286$ 1,278,458

‒
‒

1,306
(12,172)369(1,559)

11,623(27,435)

13,298(41,166)

‒
‒

(36)
(63)

‒
‒

(63)
(54)

(99)
(117)

31,615‒(81)
10,118108‒

10,920(10,118)

42,562
‒

‒

1,883

‒

‒

1,883

‒

(153)

18

(1,252)(1,388)$ 1,010,442$ 27,597$ 1,487$ 253,906$ 1,293,432

43

Amortization recognized for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, was included in the cost of sales and selling, general and administrative
expenses of the consolidated statement of income. Impairment losses are included in other expenses in the consolidated statement of income.

Goodwill

Software forinternal use

Millions of yen
Software for
sale

Other intangible
assets

Total

Acquisition cost
At April 1, 2017

¥ 113,559¥ 14,860¥ 1,530¥ 44,051¥ 174,000

At March 31, 2018

109,135

15,136

1,489

42,282

168,042

At March 31, 2019
Accumulated amortization andaccumulated impairment losses
At April 1, 2017
At March 31, 2018

112,644

16,116

1,591

43,807

174,158¥ 495
495¥ 11,547
12,162¥ 1,072
1,206¥ 9,691
12,283¥ 22,805
26,146495

13,053

1,426

15,62630,600At March 31, 2019

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Software for
Other intangible
saleassetsGoodwill

Software forinternal use$ 1,014,902$ 145,202$ 14,335$ 394,693$ 1,569,132$ 4,460$ 117,605$ 12,848$ 140,787$ 275,701

Total

Acquisition cost
At March 31, 2019
Accumulated amortization andaccumulated impairment losses
At March 31, 2019

For the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, there were no material intangible assets with indefinite useful lives.
The Group expenditures on R&D recognized as expenses for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, are ¥18,604 million(US $167,619 thousand) and ¥17,749 million, respectively. R&D expenses are included in cost of sales and selling, general and administrative
expenses in the consolidated statement of income.
The Group performs impairment testing for goodwill acquired through business combinations by comparing the carrying amount and therecoverable amount per CGU or group of CGUs.
Significant goodwill recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position is primarily goodwill related to the Functional Components
and Equipment segment arising from the acquisition of Waupaca Foundry, Inc. in 2014 (¥68,587 million (US $617,957 thousand) and¥65,372 million as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively) and that related to the Magnetic Materials and Applications segment in connection
with the acquisition of additional shares in NEOMAX Co., Ltd. through a tender offer in 2006 (¥35,781 million (US $322,380 thousand) and¥35,781 million as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively).
The Group measures the recoverable amount for each CGU or group of CGUs by the value in use. In assessing the value in use, estimated future
cash flows based on management-approved business plans are discounted to their present values using the discount rate based on the weightedaverage cost of capital. The business plan to be used is based on external information and reflects historical trends, generally with a maximum
period of five years. Since the Group is engaged in a wide range of business activities from development, production, and sale of diverse products
to providing various services, appropriate external information for each business activity is used for evaluating the value in use. In addition, theestimated future cash flows subsequent to the business plan are calculated using the estimated growth rate not exceeding the long-term average
growth rate of the market to which the CGU belongs.
The discount rate used for impairment testing of the significant goodwill is estimated based on prior years’ weighted-average cost of capital(approximately 10.0% to 12.0%). For future cash flows, a permanent growth rate (maximum 2.0%) is applied. Such rate is determined not toexceed the growth rate of countries and regions making estimates, including budgets, and engaged in business activities. Furthermore, even when
primary assumptions used for the impairment test change within a reasonable and foreseeable range, Group management considers any significant
impairment losses unlikely to occur.

44

Deferred Taxes and Income Taxes
The following table shows major components of income taxes:
Thousands of
U.S. dollars
2019

Millions of yen

2019
2018
Income taxes
Current tax expense¥ 7,157¥ 14,377$ 64,483
Deferred tax expense
Accruals and reversals of temporary differences
3,276(6,490)29,516
Changes in realizability of deferred tax assets
1,363(2,977)
12,280Total¥ 11,796¥ 4,910$ 106,280
The Company is subject to a national corporate tax, inhabitant tax, and deductible business tax, and those taxes resulted in combined statutory
income tax rates of 30.44% for each of the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.
The Company has elected to file a consolidated income tax return.
The reconciliation between the combined statutory income tax rate and the effective income tax rate as a percentage of income before income
taxes is as follows:
Combined statutory income tax rate
Share of profits of investments accounted for using the equity method
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
Gain on bargain purchaseSpecial tax credit for corporate taxes
Adjustments to deferred tax assets and liabilities due to enacted tax laws and rates
Change in realizability of deferred tax assets
Difference between the statutory income tax rate of Japan and tax rates used inoversea subsidiaries
Other, net
Effective income tax rate

2019
30.4%
(1.5)
0.3
(4.2)
(0.1)
0.0
3.2
(2.1)
1.4
27.4%

2018
30.7%
(1.8)
0.3
‒
(4.0)
(7.5)
(6.3)
(2.5)
1.6
10.5%

Changes in significant portion of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

Deferred tax assets
Retirement and severance benefits
Accrued expenses
Depreciation and amortization
Net operating loss carry-forwards
Other
Total deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities
Tax purpose reduction entry
Investments in securities
Depreciation and amortization
Intangible assets acquired in businesscombinations
Other
Total deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax assets

Changes in thescope ofconsolidation

March 31, 2019

¥ 625
‒
‒
‒
23
¥ 648

¥‒
94
‒
304
(2,431)¥ (2,033)¥ 17,973
2,361
7,200
393
12,193¥ 40,120

76
(127)
(885)
206

‒
144
‒
‒

‒
‒
593
‒

(4,289)(2,188)(7,228)(6,147)(1,103)¥ (1,833)¥ (4,639)

‒
¥ 144
¥ 792

‒
¥ 593
¥ (1,440)(15,580)¥ (35,432)¥4,688

April 1, 2018

Recognized in
profit or loss

¥ 18,113
2,455
5,499
2
18,242¥ 44,311¥ (765)
(188)
1,701
87
(3,641)¥ (2,806)(4,365)(2,205)(6,936)(6,353)(14,477)¥ (34,336)¥ 9,975

45

Millions of yen
Recognized inothercomprehensive
incomeDeferred tax assets
Retirement and severance benefits
Accrued expenses
Depreciation and amortization
Net operating loss carry-forwards
Other
Total deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities
Tax purpose reserve regulated by
Japanese tax laws
Investments in securities
Depreciation and amortization
Intangible assets acquired in businesscombinations
Other
Total deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax assets

Deferred tax assets
Retirement and severance benefits
Accrued expenses
Depreciation and amortization
Net operating loss carry-forwards
Other
Total deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities
Tax purpose reduction entry
Investments in securities
Depreciation and amortization
Intangible assets acquired in businesscombinations
Other
Total deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax assets

Changes in thescope ofconsolidation

March 31, 2018

¥ (2,242)
‒
‒
‒
(191)
¥ (2,433)

¥‒
‒
‒
‒
74
¥ 74

¥ 18,113
2,455
5,499
2
18,242¥ 44,311

225
19
2,268

‒
(26)
‒

‒
‒
‒

(1,563)(2,205)(6,936)4,886(51)¥ 7,347¥ 9,467‒‒¥ (26)¥ (2,459)

‒
‒
¥‒
¥ 74

(6,353)(17,279)¥ (34,336)¥ 9,975

April 1, 2017

Recognized in
profit or loss

¥ 20,100
2,275
5,581
197
16,397¥ 44,550

¥ 255
180
(82)
(195)
1,962
¥ 2,120(1,788)(2,198)(9,204)(11,239)(17,228)¥ (41,657)¥ 2,893

April 1, 2018

Millions of yen
Recognized inothercomprehensive
incomeThousands of U.S. dollars
Recognized in
Changes in the
Recognized inotherscope ofprofit or loss
comprehensive
consolidation
incomeMarch 31, 2019

$ 163,195
22,11949,545
18
164,357$ 399,234$ (6,893)(1,694)
15,326784(32,805)$ (25,282)$ 5,631‒‒‒207$ 5,838

‒
847
‒
2,739
(21,903)$ (18,317)$ 161,934
21,27264,871
3,541
109,857$ 361,474(39,328)(19,867)(62,492)(57,239)685(1,144)(7,974)
1,856

‒
1,297
‒
‒

‒
‒
5,343
‒

(38,643)(19,713)(65,123)(55,383)(130,435)$ (309,361)$ 89,873(9,938)$ (16,515)$ (41,797)‒$ 1,297$ 7,136‒$ 5,343$ (12,974)(140,373)$ (19,236)$ 42,238

Deferred tax liabilities have not been recognized for excess amounts over the tax bases of investments in subsidiaries and associates that areconsidered to be reinvested indefinitely, because such differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
Total temporary differences related to undistributed earnings of subsidiaries for which deferred tax liabilities have not been recognized as ofMarch 31, 2019 and 2018, were ¥162,509 million (US $1,464,177 thousand) and ¥143,391 million, respectively.
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Group considers whether it is probable that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets
will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income in specific tax
jurisdictions during periods in which these deductible temporary differences become deductible or unused tax credits can be used. Althoughrealization is not assured, the Group considers the scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities and projected future taxable income in making
the assessment. Based on these factors, the Group believes that it is probable that it will realize the recognized deferred tax assets as of March 31,
2019.

46

Deductible temporary differences, net operating loss carry-forwards, and unused tax credits carry-forwards for which no deferred tax asset isrecognized are as follows:
Millions of yen
Deductible temporary difference
Net operating loss carry-forwards
Unused tax credits carry-forwards
Total

March 31, 2019
¥ 33,699
653
1,036¥ 35,388

March 31, 2018
¥ 32,637
6,870
554¥ 40,061

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
$ 303,622
5,883
9,334
$ 318,840

Carry-forwards related to net operating losses and unused tax credits on which no deferred tax asset is recognized will expire as follows:
Millions of yen
March 31, 2019
Net operating loss carry-forwards
Within 5 years
After 5 years but not more than 10 years
Total net operating loss carry-forwards
Unused tax credits carry-forwards
Within 5 years
After 5 years but not more than 10 years
Total unused tax credits carry-forwards

March 31, 2018

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2018

¥ 450
203
¥ 653

¥ 6,870‒¥ 6,870$ 4,054
1,829$ 5,883¥ 1,036‒¥ 1,036

¥ 554
‒
¥ 554

$ 9,334‒$ 9,334

Trade Payables
Trade payables as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, are summarized as follows:
Millions of yen
March 31, 2019
Accounts payable
Notes payable and electronically recorded obligations
Total¥ 135,553

March 31, 2018
¥ 151,511

19,69821,483¥ 172,994¥ 155,251

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
$ 1,221,308
177,475$ 1,398,784

Provisions
Details and the reconciliation of provisions included in other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities as of and for the year ended
March 31, 2019, are as follows:

Balance at April 1, 2018

Millions of yen
Asset retirement
Provision for
obligations
environmental measures
¥ 717
¥ 861

Additions30

93

Utilized
Reversals

(16)
(74)

(111)
(149)

Effects of exchange rate changes

30‒

Change in the scope of consolidation and others

105

‒

¥ 792

¥ 694

Balance at March 31, 2019
Current
Non-current

47

‒

‒

¥ 792

¥ 694

Balance at April 1, 2018

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Asset retirement
Provision for
obligations
environmental measures$ 6,460$ 7,757

AdditionsUtilized

270
(144)

838
(1,000)

Reversals
Effects of exchange rate changes

(667)
270

(1,342)‒

Change in the scope of consolidation and others946‒$ 7,136$ 6,253

Balance at March 31, 2019
Current
Non-current‒‒$ 7,136$ 6,253

Asset retirement obligations:
The Group recognizes asset retirement obligations principally based on estimated future expenditures using historical trends when the Group
has a legal obligation associated with the retirement of property, plant and equipment used in normal operation, such as obligations to restore
the site in relation to lease agreements for plant facilities and premises.
Provision for environmental measures:
A provision for environmental measures is provided for disposal costs anticipated to be incurred with respect to the Law Concerning Special
Measures against PCB Waste.

Employee Benefits(1)

Post-Employment Benefits
The Company, its subsidiaries located in Japan, and certain overseas subsidiaries have contributory defined benefit pension plans and funded
and unfunded lump-sum payment plans to provide retirement and severance benefits to employees. An employee retirement benefit trust isestablished for the pension plans and the lump-sum payment plans.
The Company and some of its subsidiaries have contract-type pension plans based on the pension rules. They also have established a postemployment benefits committee as an advisory body for significant matters related to the pension plans. The committee holds meetings toreport various matters, such as asset management performance, plan status, and accounting treatments, and to discuss agendas, such as plan
revisions and investment policy changes, as necessary.
Under the unfunded lump-sum payment plans, employees are entitled to receive lump-sum payments based on their earnings and the lengthof service at retirement.
In addition, the Company and its certain subsidiaries have defined contribution pension plans.
Reconciliations of the beginning and ending balances of the benefit obligation and the fair value of the plan assets of the defined benefit
pension plans are as follows:
Millions of yen
2019¥ 189,597
6,771
1,987
133
32
(11,114)215¥ 187,621

Defined benefit obligations at the beginning of the year
Service costs
Interest costs
Actuarial gains and losses
Past service cost
Benefits paid
Effects of exchange rate changes and others
Defined benefit obligation at the end of the year

48

2018
¥ 190,008
6,948
1,915
1,204
(181)
(10,493)196¥ 189,597

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
2019$ 1,708,235
61,005
17,903
1,198
288(100,135)
1,937$ 1,690,432

Thousands ofMillions of yen
U.S. dollars
2019
2019
2018
¥ 130,934¥ 133,967$ 1,207,019
Fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year
1,822
1,155
10,406
Interest income
5,540
521
4,694
Return on plan assets (excluding interest income)Contributions to defined benefit pension plans (Note)
3,938
3,980
35,859Benefits paid
(7,997)(8,419)(75,854)
Effects of exchange rate changes and others
(270)
360
3,244
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year
¥ 131,564¥ 133,967$ 1,185,368
Note: As of March 31, 2019, the estimated contributions to the defined benefit pension plans for the year ending March 31, 2020, were
¥3,512 million (US $31,642 thousand).
The amounts recognized in relation to defined benefit plans in the consolidated statement of financial position are as follows:

March 31, 2019
¥ (181,374)
131,564(49,810)(6,247)

March 31, 2018
¥ (181,333)
133,967(47,366)(8,264)

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
$ (1,634,147)
1,185,368(448,779)(56,284)¥ (56,057)¥ (55,630)$ (505,064)

2018¥ 1,128(714)
790

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
2019$ 2,973(1,207)(568)

Millions of yen
Present value of defined benefit obligations (funded)
Fair value of plan assets
Funded status
Present value of defined benefit obligations (unfunded)
Net asset (liability) recognized in the consolidated
statement of financial position
Components of actuarial gains and losses are as follows:
Millions of yen
2019
¥ 330
(134)
(63)

Arising from changes in financial assumptions
Arising from changes in demographic assumptions
Other

The Company and all of its subsidiaries use their year-end as a measurement date. The primary assumptions used for actuarial valuation are
as follows:
March 31, 2019
1.1%

Discount rate

March 31, 2018
1.1%

If, as of March 31, 2019, the discount rate rose by 0.5%, the defined benefit obligations would decrease by ¥14,065 million(US $126,723 thousand), and if the discount rate decreased by 0.5%, the defined benefit obligations would increase by ¥3,867 million(US $34,841 thousand). If, as of March 31, 2018, the discount rate rose by 0.5%, the defined benefit obligations would decrease by¥9,029 million, and if the discount rate decreased by 0.5%, the defined benefit obligations would increase by ¥9,595 million.
Although sensitivity analysis is based on the assumption that all other variables are constant, in reality, changes in other assumptions may
affect the sensitivity analysis.
The weighted-average duration (weighted-average maturity) of defined benefit obligations is as follows:
March 31, 201910.4 years

Duration

March 31, 201810.4 years

The objective of the investment policy of the plan is to ensure stable returns from investments over the long term, which allows the pension
funds to meet their future benefit payments, and to maintain the pension funds in a sound condition.
In order to achieve the above objective, the plan establishes a target rate of return, taking into consideration the participants’ demographics,
funded status, the Company’s and certain subsidiaries’ capacities to absorb risks, and the current economic environment. To meet the target
rate of return, the plan also employs strategic target asset allocation based on the expected rate of return by asset class, the standard deviationof the rate of return, and the correlation coefficient among assets.
When markets fluctuate in excess of certain levels, the asset allocation of the plan assets is rebalanced to the strategic target asset allocation.
The Company and certain subsidiaries periodically review actual returns on the plan assets, economic trends, and their capacities to absorb
risks and realign the strategic target asset allocation, if necessary.

49The following tables show the fair value of the plan assets as of March 31, 2019 and 2018:

StocksGovernment and municipal debt securities
Corporate and other debt securities
Hedge funds
Securitized products
Cash and cash equivalents
Life insurance company general accounts
Commingled funds
Other
Total

StocksGovernment and municipal debt securities
Corporate and other debt securities
Hedge funds
Securitized products
Cash and cash equivalents
Life insurance company general accounts
Commingled funds
Other
Total

With a quoted market
price in an active market¥ 9,672
931‒‒‒
11,683‒‒81¥ 22,367

Millions of yen
March 31, 2019
Without a quoted market
price in an active market
¥ 257
190
1,029
899
2,162
‒
19,15584,590915¥ 109,197

With a quoted market
price in an active market¥ 9,663850‒‒
25
10,843‒‒72¥ 21,453

Millions of yen
March 31, 2018
Without a quoted market
price in an active market
¥ 330
192
1,232
200
3,653
‒
18,90387,174830¥ 112,514

Total¥ 9,929
1,121
1,029
899
2,162
11,683
19,15584,590996¥ 131,564

Total¥ 9,993
1,042
1,232
200
3,678
10,84318,90387,174902¥ 133,967

Thousands of U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
With a quoted market
Without a quoted market
Total
price in an active market
price in an active market
Stocks$ 87,143$ 2,316$ 89,459
Government and municipal debt securities
8,388
1,712
10,100
Corporate and other debt securities
‒
9,271
9,271
Hedge funds
‒
8,100
8,100
Securitized products‒
19,47919,479Cash and cash equivalents
105,262‒
105,262
Life insurance company general accounts‒
172,583
172,583
Commingled funds‒
762,141
762,141
Other
730
8,244
8,974
$ 201,523$ 983,845$ 1,185,368
Total
Commingled funds represent pooled institutional investments. Approximately 33% and 32% of commingled funds were invested in listed
stocks as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Approximately 45% and 44% were invested in government and municipal debt securities
as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Approximately 17% and 12% were invested in corporate and other debt securities as ofMarch 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Approximately 5% and 12% were invested in other assets as of March 31, 2019 and 2018,
respectively.
Expenses recognized in relation to the Company’s and certain subsidiaries’ contributions to the defined contribution plans amounted to¥3,025 million (US $27,255 thousand) and ¥3,324 million for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
(2)

Employee Benefit Expense
The aggregated amounts of employee benefit expenses recognized in the consolidated statement of income for the years ended
March 31, 2019 and 2018, were ¥144,014 million (US $1,297,540 thousand) and ¥136,553 million, respectively.

50

Equity(1)

Common Stock
March 31, 2019
Authorized issuance (Number of shares)

Balance as of April 1, 2017
Changes during the year
Balance as of March 31, 2018
Changes during the year
Balance as of March 31, 2019

500,000,000

March 31, 2018
500,000,000

Issued shares(Number of shares)
428,904,352‒
428,904,352‒
428,904,352

Shares issued by the Company are non-par value common stock. The issued shares above include treasury stock. Changes in treasury stock
for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, are as follows:

Balance as of April 1, 2017
Acquisition of treasury stock
Sales of treasury stock
Balance as of March 31, 2018
Acquisition of treasury stock
Sales of treasury stock
Balance as of March 31, 2019

Treasury shares(Number of shares)
1,327,900
4,476
(241)
1,332,135
2,712
(406)
1,334,441

Treasury stock held by the Company’s associates as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, was 71,885 shares and 71,885 shares, respectively.
(2)

Surplus(a) Capital surplus
The Companies Act of Japan mandates that at least half of paid-in capital be appropriated as common stock and the rest be appropriatedas legal reserves as part of capital surplus.
(b) Retained earnings
The Companies Act of Japan provides that an amount equal to 10% of appropriated retained earnings to be paid as dividends be reserved
as legal reserve or retained earnings reserve to the extent that the total legal reserve and retained earnings reserve equals 25% of thenominal value of common stock. Retained earnings reserve may be made available for dividend payments upon a shareholders’ meeting
resolution.

51

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income and Other Comprehensive Income
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of related tax effects, as presented in the consolidated statement of changes in equity is as follows:
Millions of yen

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
2019

2019

2018

Balance at the beginning of the year
Net other comprehensive income¥ 1,411
5,718¥ 7,725(6,314)$ 12,713
51,518

Balance at the end of the year

¥ 7,129¥ 1,411$ 64,231

Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations:Remeasurements of defined benefit pension plans:
Balance at the beginning of the year

¥7,615¥ 5,521$ 68,610

Net other comprehensive income

1,012

2,094

9,118

Balance at the end of the year

¥8,627¥ 7,615$ 77,728

Net change in fair value of financial assets measured at FVTOCI:
Balance at the beginning of the year

¥ 7,836¥ 6,724$ 70,601

Transfer to retained earnings
Net other comprehensive income(163)(1,489)

(18)
1,130

(1,469)(13,416)

Balance at the end of the year

¥ 6,184¥ 7,836$ 55,717

Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges:
Balance at the beginning of the year¥34

¥ (415)$ 306

Net other comprehensive income

(49)

449

(441)

Balance at the end of the year

¥ (15)¥ 34$ (135)¥ 16,896
(163)
5,192
¥ 21,925¥ 19,555(18)(2,641)¥ 16,896$ 152,230(1,469)46,779$ 197,540

Total accumulated other comprehensive income:Balance at the beginning of the year
Transfer to retained earnings
Net other comprehensive income
Balance at the end of the year

52

The following is a summary of reclassification adjustments, by line item, made to other comprehensive income, including non-controlling interests
and related tax effects arising during the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:
Millions of yen
2019
Before-tax amount Tax benefit (expense) Net-of-tax amount
Other comprehensive income arising during the year:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Remeasurements of defined benefit obligations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Share of other comprehensive income of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Total
Reclassification adjustments between items in other comprehensive
income and net income:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Total
Other comprehensive income, net of reclassification adjustments:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Remeasurements of defined benefit obligations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Share of other comprehensive income of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Total
Other comprehensive income, net of reclassification adjustments
attributable to non-controlling interests:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Total
Other comprehensive income, net of reclassification adjustments
attributable to shareholders of the parent company:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Remeasurements of defined benefit obligations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Share of other comprehensive income of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Total

53

¥ 6,151
388

¥‒
625

¥ 6,151
1,013

(517)

154

(363)

(23)

8

(15)

(1,548)326(1,222)¥ 4,451¥ 1,113¥ 5,564¥ (351)(49)¥ (400)

¥‒
15
¥ 15

¥ (351)(34)¥ (385)¥ 5,800
388

¥‒
625

¥ 5,800
1,013

(517)

154

(363)

(72)

23

(49)

(1,548)326(1,222)¥ 4,051¥ 1,128¥ 5,179¥ (13)‒‒¥ (13)¥ 5,813
1,013
(363)
(49)
(1,222)¥ 5,192

Millions of yen
2018
Before-tax amount Tax benefit (expense) Net-of-tax amount
Other comprehensive income arising during the year:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Remeasurements of defined benefit obligations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Share of other comprehensive income of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Total
Reclassification adjustments between items in other comprehensive
income and net income:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Share of other comprehensive income of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Total
Other comprehensive income, net of reclassification adjustments:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Remeasurements of defined benefit obligations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Share of other comprehensive income of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Total
Other comprehensive income, net of reclassification adjustments
attributable to non-controlling interests:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Total
Other comprehensive income, net of reclassification adjustments
attributable to shareholders of the parent company:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Remeasurements of defined benefit obligations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Share of other comprehensive income of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Total

54

¥ (5,902)
4,336¥‒(2,242)¥ (5,902)
2,094

697

(34)

663

27

(9)

18

758

(239)

519

¥ (84)¥ (2,524)¥ (2,608)¥ (230)
597

¥‒
(182)

¥ (230)
415

1

‒

1

¥ 368

¥ (182)¥ 186¥ (6,132)
4,336¥‒(2,242)¥ (6,132)
2,094

697

(34)

663

624

(191)

433

759

(239)

520

¥ 284

¥ (2,706)¥ (2,422)

¥ 228
7
(16)
¥ 219

¥ (6,360)
2,094
656
449
520
¥ (2,641)

Thousands of U.S. dollars
2019
Before-tax amount Tax benefit (expense) Net-of-tax amount
Other comprehensive income arising during the year:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Remeasurements of defined benefit obligations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Share of other comprehensive income of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Total
Reclassification adjustments between items in other comprehensive
income and net income:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Total
Other comprehensive income, net of reclassification adjustments:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Remeasurements of defined benefit obligations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Share of other comprehensive income of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Total
Other comprehensive income, net of reclassification adjustments
attributable to non-controlling interests:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Total
Other comprehensive income, net of reclassification adjustments
attributable to shareholders of the parent company:
Foreign currency translation adjustments on foreign operations
Net gains or losses from financial assets measured at fair value
through other comprehensive income
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
Share of other comprehensive income of investments accounted forusing the equity method
Total

55

$ 55,419
3,496

$‒
5,631

$ 55,419
9,127(4,658)

1,388(3,271)

(207)

72

(135)

(13,947)

2,937(11,010)$ 40,103$ 10,028$ 50,131$ (3,162)(441)$ (3,604)

$‒
135
$ 135

$ (3,162)(306)$ (3,469)$ 52,257
3,496

$‒
5,631

$ 52,257
9,127(4,658)

1,388(3,271)

(649)

207

(441)

(13,947)

2,937(11,010)$ 36,499$ 10,163$ 46,662$ (117)‒‒$ (117)$ 52,374
9,127(3,271)(441)(11,010)$ 46,779

Dividends
Dividends paid for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, are as follows:
Resolution adopted
Board of Directors’
meeting on
May 30, 2017
Board of Directors’
meeting on
October 24, 2017
Board of Directors’
meeting on
May 29, 2018
Board of Directors’
meeting on
October 25, 2018

Resolution adopted
Board of Directors’
meeting on'May 29, 2018
Board of Directors’
meeting on
October 25, 2018

Type ofsharesMillions of yen

Yen

Aggregate
amountAppropriation fromAmount per
share

Record date

Effective dateCommonstock¥ 5,559Retained earnings¥ 13.0March 31, 2017

May 31, 2017

Commonstock¥ 5,558

Retained earnings¥ 13.0

September 30,
2017

November 29,
2017

Commonstock¥ 5,558

Retained earnings¥ 13.0March 31, 2018

May, 31, 2018

Commonstock¥ 7,269

Retained earnings¥ 17.0

September 30,
2018

November 28,
2018Type ofsharesThousands of
U.S. dollars
Aggregate
amountAppropriation from

Record date

Effective dateCommonstock$ 50,077

Retained earnings$ 0.12

March 31, 2018

May, 31, 2018

Commonstock$ 65,492

Retained earnings$ 0.15September 30,
2018

November 28,
2018

U.S. dollars
Amount per
share

Dividends whose record date is during the year ended March 31, 2019, but whose effective date is in the following fiscal year are as follows:
Resolution adopted

Type ofsharesBoard of Directors’
meeting on
May 27, 2019

Millions of yen

Yen

Aggregate
amountAppropriation fromAmount per
share

Record date

Effective dateCommonstock¥ 7,269

Retained earnings¥ 17.0March 31, 2019

May 29, 2019

Resolution adopted

Type ofsharesThousands of
U.S. dollars
Aggregate
amountAppropriation from

Record date

Effective date

Board of Directors’
meeting on
May 27, 2019

Commonstock$ 65,492

Retained earnings

March 31, 2019

May 29, 2019

U.S. dollars

56

Amount pershare$ 0.15

Revenues(1)

Disaggregation of revenue
The Group has four reportable segments as described in Note 4. “Segment Information,” which include the Specialty Steel Products, Magnetic
Materials and Applications, Functional Components and Equipment, and Wires, Cables, and Related Products segments. Revenues are
disaggregated according to businesses based on the types of products and services. Relationship of the disaggregated revenues and revenuesof each reportable segment is as follows:
Thousands ofMillions of yen
U.S. dollars
2019

2018

2019

¥ 253,262¥ 243,833$ 2,281,845

23,642
27,65821,15825,608213,010249,194

109,351

106,131985,233

Automotive Components Business
Piping Components Business

319,757
47,806

308,543
51,5102,880,953
430,723

Wires, Cables, and Related ProductsElectric Wires and Cables Business

240,123

230,532

2,163,465

Specialty Steel Products
Specialty Steel BusinessRoll Business
Soft Magnetic Materials Business
Magnetic Materials and Applications
Magnet Business
Functional Components and Equipment

Others and adjustments
Total

1,822

988

16,416¥ 1,023,421¥ 988,303$ 9,220,840(2) Information regarding satisfaction of performance obligations
The Group recognizes revenue at a point in time in which control of a product is transferred to a customer because performance obligationsof all businesses described in (1) “Disaggregation of revenues” are satisfied mainly when the Group sells a product to a customer and thecustomer accepts the product. The payment terms are determined as generally accepted terms for regular transactions. There are no significant
transactions with special payment terms, such as extended payment terms.
(3) Information regarding contract balances
The beginning and ending balances of trade receivables and contract liabilities that arise from contracts with customers of the Group for theyear ended March 31, 2019, are as follows:
Thousands ofMillions of yen
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
Trade receivables
Contract liabilities¥ 195,306
534

April 1, 2018
¥ 207,628
869

March 31, 2019
$ 1,759,672
4,811

Note that the amount of revenues recognized for the year ended March 31, 2019, which were included in the beginning balance of the contract
liabilities is immaterial.
(4) Transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations
The Group adopts a practical expedient and omits disclosure regarding the remaining performance obligations because there are notransactions with expected contract durations of over one year. No material consideration from contracts with customers is excluded fromthe transaction price.
(5) Capitalized incremental costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer
The Group has no capitalized incremental costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer.

57

Other Income and Other Expenses
Other income and other expenses consist of the following items for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:
Millions of yen
Thousands of U.S. dollars
2019
2018
2019
Other income:Gain on reorganization (*)¥ 5,851¥ 406$ 52,716
Rental income from properties held
1,371
1,454
12,352
Other
3,445
3,541
31,039Total other income¥ 10,667¥ 5,401$ 96,108
Other expenses:
Structural reform expenses¥ 3,306¥ 799$ 29,786
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
3,999
3,950
36,030
Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment
7,394
10,611
66,619Compensation expenses
‒
4,382
‒
Other
4,953
4,463
44,626
Total other expenses¥ 19,652¥ 24,205$ 177,061
Note: Gain on reorganization for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, includes ¥94 million (US $847 thousand) and ¥400 million (before
tax effects), respectively, as a result of the Group losing control of certain subsidiaries. There was no gain or loss resulting from theremeasurement at fair value of the investment retained in the former subsidiary for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

Other Financial Income and Expenses
Other financial income and expenses for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, are summarized as follows:
Millions of yen
2019
Other financial income:
Dividend income (*)¥ 128
Exchange gain
718
Other
‒
Total
¥ 846
Other financial expenses:
Exchange loss
‒
Other
8
Total
¥8
Dividend income is from financial assets measured at FVTOCI.

Thousands of U.S. dollars
2018

2019

¥ 144
‒
844
¥ 988

$ 1,153
6,469‒$ 7,622

1,148
2¥ 1,150‒
72$ 72

Earnings per Share
The calculation of basic earnings per share (EPS) attributable to shareholders of the parent company is summarized as follows:
Thousands of shares
Weighted-average number of common stock on which basic
EPS is calculated

2019

2018

427,570

427,573

Millions of yen
2019¥ 31,370

Net income attributable to shareholders of the parent company

2018¥ 42,210
Yen

2019¥ 73.37

Basic EPS attributable to shareholders of the parent company

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
2019$ 282,638

U.S. dollars
2018¥ 98.722019$ 0.66Note that diluted EPS attributable to shareholders of the parent company is not presented because no potentially dilutive shares of common
stock were issued or outstanding for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

58

Supplementary Explanation on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, are as follows:
Millions of yen
Short-term debt

Corporate bonds
payable¥ 27,203¥ 9,997¥ 123,446¥ 198¥ 160,844

18,52229,588(18,506)(428)

29,176

868

11

1,969

24

2,872

Change in the scope of
consolidation and others

2,251

1,010

3,921

2,024

9,206

Balance as of March 31, 2019

¥ 48,844¥ 40,606¥ 110,830¥ 1,818¥ 202,098

Balance as of April 1, 2018
Increase (decrease) involving cashflows

Long-term debt

Leaseobligations

Total

Increase (decrease) not involving
cash flows:
Effects of exchange rate changes

Millions of yen

Balance as of April 1, 2017
Increase (decrease) involving cashflows

Short-term debt

Corporate bonds
payable¥ 26,301¥ 29,984¥ 137,782¥ 390¥ 194,457

2,335(20,000)(11,690)‒(29,355)(1,433)13(2,646)(192)(4,258)

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

¥ 27,203¥ 9,997¥ 123,446

198¥ 160,844

Long-term debt

Leaseobligations

Total

Increase (decrease) not involving
cash flows:
Effects of exchange rate changes
Change in the scope of
consolidation and others
Balance as of March 31, 2018

Short-term debt
Balance as of April 1, 2018

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Corporate bonds
Long-term debt
payableLeaseobligations

Total$ 245,094$ 90,071$ 1,112,226$ 1,784$ 1,449,176

166,880

266,583(166,736)(3,856)

262,871

Effects of exchange rate changes

7,821

99

17,740216

25,876

Change in the scope of
consolidation and others

20,281

9,100

35,32818,23682,944

Balance as of March 31, 2019$ 440,076$ 365,853$ 998,558$ 16,380$ 1,820,867

Increase (decrease) involving cash
flows
Increase (decrease) not involving
cash flows:

Financial Instruments and Other Related Information(1)

Financial Risk
The Group is engaged in business activities worldwide, and therefore exposed to various risks, including interest rate risk, currency exchange
rate risk, and credit risk.
(a) Market risk
The Group’s major manufacturing bases are located in Japan and Asia, but its customers are geographically diversified. As a result, theGroup is exposed to market risks from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
(i) Interest rate risk
The Group is exposed to interest rate risks related principally to long-term liabilities. In order to minimize interest rate risks, theGroup enters into interest rate swap agreements to hedge future cash flow exposures to fluctuations in interest rates. Those interest
rate swaps are receive-floating, pay-fixed interest rate swaps. For interest rate swaps, the Group receives floating interest rate
payments on long-term liabilities, including borrowings, and pays fixed interest rate payments, thereby creating fixed interest rate
long-term liabilities.
59

Sensitivity analysis:
Sensitivity analysis for the interest rates shown below indicates the impact of assumed changes in interest rates on income before
income taxes in the Company’s consolidated statement of income. If interest rates increased by 1% on financial instruments (floatinginterest financial assets and liabilities measured at amortized cost, financial assets and liabilities measured at FVTPL, and derivatives),
and all other variables were constant, the impact on the income before income taxes for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018,
would have been as follows:
Millions of yen
2019¥2

Impact on income before income taxes

2018
¥ 225

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
2019
$ 18

(ii) Currency exchange risk
The Group holds assets and liabilities exposed to currency exchange risks. In order to hedge currency exchange risks, the Grouputilizes forward exchange contracts.
In order to stabilize future net cash flows from transactions denominated in foreign currencies for trade receivables and payables aswell as forecast transactions, each month the Group measures the net amount of future cash flows on the settlement date for eachcurrency and hedges fluctuation risk, mainly using forward exchange contracts for a portion of these transactions. As per the Group’s
policy, these contracts generally expire in one year.
Hedge relationships between forward exchange contracts and hedged items are highly effective in offsetting effects on hedged items(assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies) arising from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Sensitivity analysis:
Sensitivity analysis for the currency exchange rates shown below indicates the impact of increases or decreases in currency exchange
rates on income before income taxes in the Company’s consolidated statement of income. If the Japanese yen had depreciated by
1% against foreign-currency denominated financial instruments held by the Group, and all other variables were constant, the impact
on the income before income taxes for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, would have been as follows:
Millions of yen

Currency

Impact on income before income taxes

2019
¥ 162
35
23

US Dollar
Euro
Other

2018
¥ 142
62
2

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
2019$ 1,460315207(b) Credit risk
Credit risk refers to the risk that the Group will incur a financial loss because customers or counterparties fail to discharge theircontractual obligations related to a financial instrument or contract. The Group is exposed to credit risks because of its operating activities(primarily trade receivables) and financing activities, including deposits at financial institutions, currency transactions, and otherfinancial instruments. No significant concentration of credit risk is present, as the Group has a diverse group of trading parties situatedin many different regions.
The Group sets credit limits according to the credit risks of certain instruments or customers by periodically reviewing relevant factors,
such as financial conditions and ratings.
The Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk, without considering collateral held, is represented as the carrying amount of financial
assets (excluding contingent liabilities) net of impairment losses, if any, in the consolidated statement of financial positions. The
maximum exposure to credit risk from contingent liabilities is represented as the balance of contingent liabilities disclosed in Note 27.
“Commitments and Contingencies (Other Than Liabilities Recognized as Provisions).” Balances by contractual maturity of tradereceivables and other assets that are past due at the end of the reporting period but not impaired are omitted from disclosures becausesuch balances are not material.

60

Reconciliation of allowance for doubtful accounts for trade receivables and other receivables, and reconciliation of the gross carrying
amount for trade receivables and other receivables corresponding to the allowance for doubtful accounts for the year ended March 31,
2019, are as follows:
Millions of yen
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Gross carrying amount
Trade receivables
Collective
IndividualCollective
Individual
assessment
assessment
Total
assessment
assessment
Total
basis
basis
basis
basis
March 31, 2018
(before change in the accounting
¥ 98
¥ 105
¥ 203
¥ 207,738¥ 105¥ 207,843
policy)Cumulative effect of change in
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
the accounting policy
April 1, 2018
(after change in the accounting
98
105
203
207,738
105
207,843
policy)Changes during the year (net)
30
129
159
(12,386)
223(12,163)
Credit impairment (a)
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
Write off (b)
(44)
(5)
(49)
(44)
(5)
(49)
Others (c)
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
March 31, 2019
¥ 84
¥ 229
¥ 313
¥ 195,308¥ 323¥ 195,631

Trade receivables

March 31, 2018
(before change in the accounting
policy)Cumulative effect of change in
the accounting policy
April 1, 2018
(after change in the accounting
policy)Changes during the year (net)
Credit impairment (a)Write off (b)Others (c)March 31, 2019

Other receivables

March 31, 2018
(before change in the accounting
policy)Cumulative effect of change in
the accounting policy
April 1, 2018
(after change in the accounting
policy)Changes during the year (net)
Credit impairment (a)Write off (b)Others (c)March 31, 2019

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Gross carrying amountCollective
IndividualCollective
Individual
assessment
assessment
Total
assessment
assessment
basis
basis
basis
basis

Total

$ 883

$ 946

$ 1,829$ 1,871,682$ 946$ 1,872,628

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

883

946

1,829

1,871,682

946

1,872,628

270
‒
(396)
‒
$ 757

1,162
‒
(45)
‒
$ 2,063

1,433
‒
(441)
‒
$ 2,820(111,596)‒(396)‒$ 1,759,690

2,009
‒
(45)
‒
$ 2,910(109,586)‒(441)‒$ 1,762,600

Millions of yen
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Gross carrying amountCollective
IndividualCollective
Individual
assessment
assessment
Total
assessment
assessment
basis
basis
basis
basis

Total

¥ 12

¥8

¥ 20

¥ 24,108¥8¥ 24,116

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

‒

12

8

20

24,108

8

24,116

3
‒
(4)
‒
¥ 11

‒
‒
(7)
‒
¥1

3
‒
(11)
‒
¥ 12

(5,921)‒(296)‒¥ 17,891

‒
‒
(7)
‒
¥1

(5,921)‒(303)‒¥ 17,892

61

Other receivables

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Gross carrying amountCollective
IndividualCollective
Individual
assessment
assessment
Total
assessment
assessment
basis
basis
basis
basis

Total

March 31, 2018
(before change in the accounting
$ 108
$ 72
$ 180
$ 217,209$ 72$ 217,281
policy)Cumulative effect of change in
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
the accounting policy
April 1, 2018
(after change in the accounting
108
72
180
217,20972
217,281
policy)Changes during the year (net)27‒
27(53,347)‒(53,347)
Credit impairment (a)
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
Write off (b)
(36)
(63)
(99)
(2,667)(63)(2,730)
Others (c)
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
March 31, 2019
$ 99
$9
$ 108
$ 161,195$9$ 161,204
Notes:(a) Allowance for doubtful accounts for credit-impaired financial assets is reclassified from a collective assessment basis to anindividual assessment basis in order to measure the allowance for doubtful accounts on an individual basis.
(b) When the Group determines that it no longer has reasonable expectations of recovering a financial asset in its entirety or a portion
thereof, the financial asset is directly written off and derecognized.
(c) Others include mainly change in the scope of consolidation and effects of exchange rate changes.
Reconciliation of allowance for doubtful accounts for the year ended March 31, 2018, is as follows:

Balance at the beginning of the year
Additions (provision)
Utilized (write off)
Unused amount reversed (recovery)
Other
Balance at the end of the year

Millions of yen
March 31, 2018
¥ 293
604
(2)
(657)
(15)
¥ 223

(c) Liquidity risk
The Group’s fundamental financial policy is to maintain an appropriate level of liquidity and secure adequate funds for current and futurebusiness operations. The Group works to optimize capital utilization for its business operations through the efficient management ofworking capital. Further, the Group endeavors to improve group-wide capital management by centralizing this management function to
the Company.
The Group also raises funds from both capital markets and financial institutions. The Group finances its capital expenditures primarily
by drawing down internally generated funds and also through the issuance of debts and equity securities when necessary.
The Group also maintains commitment line agreements with a number of financial institutions to secure efficient funding as necessary.
The total unused commitment lines as of March 31, 2019, are disclosed in Note 27. “Commitments and Contingencies (Other Than
Liabilities Recognized as Provisions).”

62

The following tables present balances by maturity of non-derivative financial liabilities held by the Group as of the reporting dates:
Note that the carrying amounts of trade payables and contractual cash flows match, and their due dates are all within one year. Hence,
they are not included in the following tables.
Millions of yen
March 31, 2019

Short-term debt
Current portion of long-term debt
Current portion of long-termborrowings
Current portion of corporate bonds
payableLease obligations
Long-term debt
Long-term borrowings
Corporate bonds payable
Lease obligations

After one but
not more than
five years¥‒

Over five years
¥‒

‒

‒

424

‒
‒

‒
‒

760
76
‒

78,643
15,351
1,079

251
25,214315

Carrying
amount¥ 48,844

Contractual
cash flows¥ 50,223

Withinone year¥ 50,223

33,12433,34633,346

720

722

722

424

424

77,70639,886
1,394

79,65440,641
1,394

Millions of yen
March 31, 2018

¥ 27,203¥ 27,363¥ 27,363

After one but
not more than
five years¥‒

17,253

17,412

17,412

‒

‒

9,997
118

10,030118

10,030
118

‒
‒

‒
‒

106,193‒80

108,633
‒
80

6,018
‒
‒

102,315
‒
80

300
‒
‒

Carrying
amountShort-term debt
Current portion of long-term debt
Current portion of long-termborrowings
Current portion of corporate bonds
payableLease obligations
Long-term debt
Long-term borrowings
Corporate bonds payable
Lease obligations

Contractual
cash flows

Thousands of U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
After one but
ContractualWithinnot more thancash flows
one yearfive years$ 452,500$ 452,500$‒

Carrying
amountShort-term debt
Current portion of long-term debt
Current portion of long-termborrowings
Current portion of corporate bonds
payableLease obligations
Long-term debt
Long-term borrowings
Corporate bonds payable
Lease obligations

Withinone year$ 440,076

Over five years¥‒

Over five years$‒

298,441

300,441

300,441

‒

‒

6,487

6,505

6,505

‒

‒

3,820

3,820

3,820

‒

‒

700,117359,366
12,560717,668
366,168
12,560

6,847
685
‒

708,559
138,310
9,722

2,261
227,1742,838

63

The weighted-average interest rates of short-term debt, the current portion of long-term debt, and long-term debt are 2.91%, 1.00%, and1.03%, respectively. The maturities range from 2019 to 2026. The details of corporate bonds by issue are as follows:

March 31,2019

March 31,2018

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31,2019¥‒

¥ 9,997$‒

Unsecured

0.79

September 13,
2018¥ 14,941¥‒$ 134,616

Unsecured

0.14

December 6,
2023¥ 14,941¥‒$ 134,616

Unsecured

0.28

December 5,2025¥ 9,954¥‒$ 89,684

Unsecured

0.385

December 6,
2028

¥ 200

¥‒

$ 1,802

Unsecured

0.38

July 31, 2019

¥ 400

¥‒

$ 3,604

Unsecured

0.66

September 25,
2019

¥ 100

¥‒

$ 901

Unsecured

0.41

September 30,
2019

¥ 70

¥‒

$ 631

Unsecured

0.21

September 29,
2022¥ 40,606¥ 9,997$ 365,853‒‒‒

Millions of yen
Issuer

The Company

The Company

The Company

The Company

Santoku
Corporation

Santoku
Corporation

Santoku
Corporation

Santoku
Corporation

Issue

Issue date

The 30th
September
unsecured13, 2011
corporate bond
The 31st
December 6,
unsecured2018
corporate bond
The 32nd
December 6,
unsecured2018
corporate bond
The 33th
December 6,
unsecured2018
corporate bondSantoku
Corporation
The 30th
July 31, 2014
unsecured
corporate bondSantoku
Corporation
Septemberthe 31st25, 2014
unsecured
corporate bondSantoku
Corporation
Septemberthe 32nd
30 ,2014
unsecured
corporate bondSantoku
Corporation
Septemberthe 33th29, 2017
unsecured
corporate bond

Total

‒

‒

Secured/UnsecuredInterest
rate (%)

Maturity

Contingent liabilities disclosed in Note 27. “Commitments and Contingencies (Other Than Liabilities Recognized as Provisions)” arenot included in the above table.
The following tables show the maturities of derivatives. Net settlement derivatives are also disclosed in gross amounts.

Within one year
Forward exchange contracts
Interest rate swaps
Put options

In
Out
In
Out
In
Out

¥6
‒
‒
119
‒
‒

64

Millions of yen
March 31, 2019
After one but not
more than five
Over five years
years
¥‒
¥‒
‒
‒
346
‒
256
‒
6,061
‒
‒
‒

Total
¥6
‒
346
375
6,061
‒

Within one year
Forward exchange contracts
Copper futures contracts
Interest rate swaps
Put options

In
Out
In
Out
In
Out
In
Out

¥ 17
52
6
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒

Within one year
Forward exchange contracts
Interest rate swaps
Put options

In
Out
In
Out
In
Out

$ 54
‒
‒
1,072
‒
‒

Millions of yen
March 31, 2018
After one but not
more than five
Over five years
years
¥‒
¥‒
2
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
561
‒
461
‒
6,061
‒
‒
‒
Thousands of U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
After one but not
more than five
Over five years
years
$‒
$‒
‒
3,117
‒
2,307
‒
54,609
‒
‒
‒

Total
¥ 17
54
6
‒
561
461
6,061
‒

Total
$ 54
‒
3,117
3,379
54,609‒(d) Capital management
The Group’s fundamental capital management policy is to maintain an appropriate level of assets, liabilities, and capital for current andfuture business operations and to optimize capital efficiency for its business operations.
The ratio of equity attributable to shareholders of the parent company is viewed as a significant indicator for the Group’s capitalmanagement. A specific ratio is targeted under the Group’s medium-term management plan and continuously monitored.
The Group is not subject to significant capital requirements except for general rules, such as the Companies Act of Japan.
Equity attributable to shareholders of the parent company as of March 31, 2019, was ¥587,979 million (US $5,297,585 thousand), which
increased by ¥25,259 million (US $227,579 thousand) from the end of the year ended March 31, 2018. As a result, the ratio of equity
attributable to shareholders of the parent company as of March 31, 2019, was 53.5%, an increase from 53.1% as of March 31, 2018.
(e) Risk of stock price fluctuations
The Group pursues profit in its business and enhances corporate value through reinforcing relationships, particularly with customers andsuppliers, or by delivering proposals to its investees. As part of maintaining the relationship with customers, suppliers, or other parties,
the Group occasionally invests in marketable securities and therefore is exposed to the risk of stock price fluctuations. To manage thisrisk, the Group regularly monitors the fair values of these instruments, financial conditions, and other factors of investees. Further,holdings of stocks are reviewed by the relevant department as appropriate, considering relationships with business partners.
(2)

Fair Value of Investments in Securities and Other Financial Assets and Liabilities(a) Methods and assumptions of fair value measurements
The following methods and assumptions are used to measure fair values of financial assets and liabilities:
Cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, short-term debt, and trade payables:
Carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximates their estimated fair value because of their short-term maturity.
Long-term debt:
Fair value of long-term debt is estimated based on quoted market prices or the present value of future cash flows using market interest
rates under similar contractual terms.
Investments in securities and other financial assets and liabilities (excluding long-term loans receivable):
Refer to fair value hierarchy at (e) “Fair value hierarchy” below.
Long-term loans receivable:
Fair value of long-term loans receivable is estimated based on the present value of future cash flows using interest rates applicable toobtain an additional loan under similar contractual terms.
(b) Fair value of investments in securities and other financial assets
65

Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial assets for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, are as follows:
Millions of yen
March 31, 2019
Carrying
Estimatedamounts
fair values
Financial assets measured at FVTPL
Current
Securities
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts
Copper futures contracts
Non-current
Securities
Derivatives
Interest rate swaps
Put options
Financial assets measured at FVTOCI
Non-current
Securities
Financial assets measured at amortized cost
Current
Short-term loans receivable
Non-current
Other debt securities
Long-term loans receivable

March 31, 2018
Carrying
Estimatedamounts
fair values

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
Carrying
Estimatedamounts
fair values¥ 1,703¥ 1,703

¥ 790

¥ 790

$ 15,344$ 15,344

6
‒

6
‒

‒
6

‒
6

54
‒

54
‒

1,734

1,734

1,791

1,791

15,623

15,623

90
6,061

90
6,061

100
6,061

100
6,061

811
54,609811
54,609

9,974

9,974

10,876

10,87689,864

89,864

17

17

1

1

153

153

1,448
654

1,448
654

1,911
612

1,911
612

13,046
5,892

13,0465,892

Equity instruments are securities measured at FVTOCI.
(c) Fair value of financial assets measured at FVTOCIThe following is a list of major equity instruments designated as FVTOCI and their fair values as of the reporting dates:
Millions of yen
March 31, 2019
Equity instruments
Riken Corporation
Kakimoto Co., Ltd.
Kowa Kogyosho Co., Ltd.
Konwa Kaikan
OSG Corporation
Owari Precise Products Co., Ltd.
Kojima Co., Ltd.
WEARE Pacific Co., Ltd.
Mikuni Shoji Co., Ltd.
NTC Corporation

Fair value¥ 1,793
1,422
1,371
831
781
431
338
251
237
183

Millions of yen
March 31, 2018
Equity instruments
Riken Corporation
Kakimoto Co., Ltd.
Kowa Kogyosho Co., Ltd.
OSG Corporation
Konwa Kaikan
Owari Precise Products Co., Ltd.
Kojima Co., Ltd.
Santoku Corporation
WEARE Pacific Co., Ltd.
Mikuni Shoji Co., Ltd.

Fair value¥ 2,133
1,360
1,265
894
802
479
329
276
249
224

66

Thousands of U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
Equity instruments
Riken Corporation
Kakimoto Co., Ltd.
Kowa Kogyosho Co., Ltd.
Konwa Kaikan
OSG Corporation
Owari Precise Products Co., Ltd.
Kojima Co., Ltd.
WEARE Pacific Co., Ltd.
Mikuni Shoji Co., Ltd.
NTC Corporation

Fair value$ 16,155
12,812
12,352
7,487
7,037
3,883
3,045
2,261
2,135
1,649

(d) Fair value of financial liabilities
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial liabilities as of the reporting dates are as follows:
The Group holds no financial liabilities designated at initial recognition as financial liabilities measured at FVTPL.
Millions of yen
March 31, 2019
Carrying
Estimatedamounts
fair values

March 31, 2018
Carrying
Estimatedamounts
fair values

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
Carrying
Estimated fairamountsvaluesFinancial liabilities measured at
FVTPL
Current
Derivatives
Interest rate swaps

¥ 119

¥ 119

¥‒

¥‒

$ 1,072$ 1,072

‒

‒

35

35

‒

‒

‒

‒

2

2

‒

‒

48,844

48,844

27,203

27,203440,076

440,076

33,12433,28817,253

17,390298,441

299,919

720

720

9,997

10,032

6,487

6,487

424

424

118

118

3,820

3,820

Long-term borrowings

77,70678,420106,193

107,886

700,117706,550

Corporate bonds payable

39,88640,264‒‒359,366

362,771

Lease obligations

1,394

1,394

80

80

12,56012,560Forward exchange contracts
Non-current
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts
Financial liabilities measured atamortized cost
Current
Short-term debt
Current portion of long-term debt
Current portion of long-termborrowings
Current portion of corporate
bonds payable
Lease obligations
Non-current
Long-term debt

Since the fair value of finance lease obligations is not material to the consolidated statement of financial position, it is measured as thepresent value of the minimum lease payments discounted by the interest rates used at the initial recognition of lease obligations.
Accordingly, the fair value is based on the relevant carrying amount.

67

(e) Fair value hierarchy
Financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis after initial recognition are classified into three levels of a fair value
hierarchy based on observability and materiality of inputs used for fair value measurement. The three levels of the hierarchy are as
follows:
Level 1:
Fair value measured using quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2:
Fair value measured using direct or indirect observable inputs other than the quoted prices included in Level 1.
Level 3:
Fair value measured using unobservable inputs.
When several inputs are used for a fair value measurement, the measurement is categorized in its entirety in the same level of the fairvalue hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement. Transfers between levels are deemed to haveoccurred at the beginning of each quarter period.
Securities:
Securities that can be measured at fair value through quoted market prices are included in Level 1. Those securities include listed
stocks, government bonds or other debt securities, and exchange traded funds.
In the absence of an active market for securities, the following are used as inputs for fair value measurement: quoted prices for similar
securities; quoted prices for transactions that are not distressed for identical or similar securities; or other relevant information,
including observable interest rates and yield curves, credit spreads, and default rates. These inputs are included in Level 2. Includedin Level 2 are short-term investments and listed stocks traded over-the-counter.
Shares of non-listed companies and other instruments, whose significant inputs for fair value measurement are unobservable, areincluded in Level 3. The Group uses price information provided by financial institutions to evaluate these investments. The Group
corroborates the information using an income approach based on its own valuation model or a market approach, such as comparison
with prices of similar securities.
Derivatives:
Derivatives measured in a model using the following are included in Level 2: quoted prices under transactions that are not distressed,
quoted prices in markets that are not active, and observable interest rates and yield curves or forward and spot prices for currencies
and commodities. Level 2 derivatives mainly include interest rate swaps, forward foreign exchange contracts, and commodity futurescontracts.
Financial assets and liabilities measured at amortized cost:
Financial assets and liabilities measured at amortized cost are included primarily in Level 2 or Level 3.
The following tables present financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the fair value hierarchyclassification as of March 31, 2019 and 2018:
Millions of yen
March 31, 2019
Level 2
Level 3

Level 1
AssetsFVTPL (Current)
Securities
Derivatives
FVTPL (Non-current)
Securities
Derivatives
FVTOCI (Non-current)
Liabilities
FVTPL (Current)
FVTPL (Non-current)

Total¥ 1,703
‒

¥‒
6

¥‒
‒

¥ 1,703
6

‒
‒
3,265

1,042
90
‒

692
6,061
6,709

1,734
6,151
9,974

‒
‒

119
‒

‒
‒

119
‒

68

Millions of yen
March 31, 2018
Level 2
Level 3

Level 1
AssetsFVTPL (Current)
Securities
Derivatives
FVTPL (Non-current)
Securities
Derivatives
FVTOCI (Non-current)
Liabilities
FVTPL (Current)
FVTPL (Non-current)

¥ 790
‒

¥‒
6

¥‒
‒

¥ 790
6

‒
‒
3,811

1,002
100
‒

789
6,061
7,065

1,791
6,161
10,876

‒
‒

35
2

‒
‒

35
2

Thousands of U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
Level 2
Level 3

Total

Level 1
AssetsFVTPL (Current)
Securities
Derivatives
FVTPL (Non-current)
Securities
Derivatives
FVTOCI (Non-current)
Liabilities
FVTPL (Current)
FVTPL (Non-current)

Total$ 15,344
‒

$‒
54

$‒
‒

$ 15,344
54‒‒
29,417

9,388
811
‒

6,235
54,60960,447

15,62355,41989,864

‒
‒

1,072
‒

‒
‒

1,072
‒

Financial liabilities (current and non-current) measured at FVTPL represent derivatives.
The following tables present the changes in Level 3 instruments whose fair values were measured on a recurring basis for the years
ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:
Millions of yen

At April 1, 2017
Gains (losses) in profit or loss
Gains (losses) in other comprehensive income
Sales or redemption
Purchases or acquisition
Other
At March 31, 2018
Gains (losses) in profit or loss
Gains (losses) in other comprehensive income
Sales or redemption
Purchases or acquisition
Other
At March 31, 2019

FVTPL

FVTOCI

Total¥ 6,897
‒
‒
(84)
36
1
¥ 6,850
‒
‒
(118)
13
8
¥ 6,753¥ 6,890
‒
188
(4)
‒
(9)
¥ 7,065
‒
139
(399)
11
(107)
¥ 6,709¥ 13,787
‒
188
(88)
36
(8)
¥ 13,915
‒
139
(517)
24
(99)
¥ 13,462

69

Thousands of U.S. dollars

At March 31, 2018
Gains (losses) in profit or loss
Gains (losses) in other comprehensive income
Sales or redemption
Purchases or acquisition
Other
At March 31, 2019

FVTPL

FVTOCI

Total$ 61,717‒‒(1,063)
117
72$ 60,843$ 63,654‒
1,252(3,595)99(964)$ 60,447$ 125,372‒
1,252(4,658)216(892)$ 121,290

There were no changes in unrealized gains (losses) recognized in profit or loss relating to assets held as of March 31, 2019 and 2018.
The comprehensive income is included in net change in fair value of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive
income in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.
(3)

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Cash flow hedge:
Foreign currency exposure:
Changes in the fair value of forward exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges for forecasted foreign currency transactions
are reported in other comprehensive income. These amounts are reclassified into profit or loss in the same period as foreign exchange
gains or losses on hedged assets or liabilities are recognized in profit or loss.
Interest rate exposure:
Changes in fair values of interest rate swaps designated as hedging instruments for fluctuation in cash flows associated with longterm debt obligations are reported in other comprehensive income. The amount in accumulated other comprehensive income issubsequently reclassified to other financial income and expenses over the period in which interest expenses are recognized in profit
or loss.
As of March 31, 2019, the expected period for cash flows arising from hedged items and affecting profit or loss is to be from April 2018
to June 2021.
The fair values of derivatives designated as hedging instruments as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, are as follows:
Thousands ofMillions of yen
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
March 31, 2018
March 31, 2019
Asset
Liability
Asset
Liability
Asset
Liability
Cash flow hedges
Forward exchange contracts

¥6

¥‒

¥ 17

¥ 54

$ 54

$‒

Interest rate swaps

346

375

561

461

3,117

3,379

¥ 352

¥ 375

¥ 578

¥ 515

$ 3,171$ 3,379

Total

The fair values of derivative assets and liabilities to which hedge accounting is not applied were ¥6,061 million (US $54,609 thousand)and ¥‒ million (US $‒ thousand), respectively, as of March 31, 2019, and ¥6,067 million and ¥‒ million, respectively, as ofMarch 31, 2018.
The contract or notional amounts of derivatives as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, are summarized as follows:
Thousands ofMillions of yen
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019
March 31, 2018
March 31, 2019
Forward exchange contracts:
To sell foreign currencies
¥‒
¥ 913
$‒
To buy foreign currencies
234
1,427
2,108
Interest rate swaps
83,24892,684750,050
Copper futures contracts
‒
132
‒

70

The following tables present the amounts in relation to cash flow hedges recognized in the consolidated statement of income for the year
ended March 31, 2018:
Gain or loss recognized in OCI
Effective portion of derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Derivatives

Millions of yen

Forward exchange contracts
Interest rate swaps
Copper futures contracts¥ (79)
100
6

Total

¥ 27

Gain or loss reclassified from OCI into profit or loss
Effective portion of derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts
Interest rate swaps

Recognized inconsolidated statement of income
Other financial income and expenses
Other financial income and expenses

Millions of yen
¥ 144
453

Total

¥ 597

As the Company applies hedge accounting, it assesses hedge effectiveness through a qualitative assessment of whether the critical termsof the hedged item and the hedging instrument match or are closely aligned, and whether changes in the fair value or the cash flows of
the hedged item offset changes in the fair value or the cash flows of the hedging instrument, in order to verify that there is an economic
relationship between the hedged item and the hedging instrument. The Company also sets an appropriate hedge ratio, based on theeconomic relationship of the hedging instrument and the hedged item, and a risk management strategy.
Notional amounts and carrying amounts of hedging instruments as of March 31, 2019, are as follows. Note that carrying amounts ofhedging instruments are included in “Investments in securities and other financial assets” and “Other financial liabilities,” or “Other noncurrent liabilities” in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.
Millions of yen
Hedging Instruments

Notional amount

Carrying amountOver one year

Asset

Liability

Cash flow hedges
Currency exchange risk

¥ 234

¥‒

¥6

¥‒

Interest rate risk

83,24863,248346

375¥ 83,482¥ 63,248

¥ 352

¥ 375

Total

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Hedging Instruments

Notional amount

Carrying amountOver one year

Asset

Liability

Cash flow hedges
Currency exchange risk

$ 2,108

$‒

$ 54

$‒

Interest rate risk

750,050

569,853

3,117

3,379

$ 752,158$ 569,853$ 3,171$ 3,379

Total

71

Reconciliation of fair value of the hedging instruments applying cash flow hedges, which are recognized in other comprehensive income
during the year ended March 31, 2019, is as follows:

Balance atthe beginningof the year

Change in fairvalue of hedging
instrument
recognized inothercomprehensive
incomeAmounts directly
included carrying
amounts of hedged
assets andliabilities

Reclassification
to profit or loss(a)

Others(b)

Balance at theend of theyear

Price risk

¥6

¥ (6)

¥‒

¥‒

¥‒

¥‒

Currency
exchange risk

(79)

85

‒

‒

‒

6

Interest rate risk

100

(129)

‒

‒

‒

(29)

Total

¥ 27

¥ (50)¥‒¥‒¥‒¥ (23)

Balance at the
beginning of
the year

Change in fairvalue of hedging
instrument
recognized inothercomprehensive
incomeAmounts directly
included carrying
amounts ofhedged assets andliabilities

Reclassification to
profit or loss(a)

Others(b)

Balance at theend of theyear

Price risk

$ 54

$ (54)

$‒

$‒

$‒

$‒

Currency
exchange risk

(712)

766

‒

‒

‒

54

Interest rate risk

901

(1,162)

‒

‒

‒

(261)

$ 243

$ (450)

$‒

$‒

$‒

$ (207)

Total

Notes:(a) Reclassified amounts to profit or loss are included in cost of sales for price risk in revenues and financial expenses for currency
exchange risk, and in cost of sales and interest charges for interest rate risk in the consolidated statement of income.
(b) Others include mainly changes in the scope of consolidation.

Pledged Assets
The following assets were pledged as collateral by certain subsidiaries for their accounts payables as of March 31, 2019 and 2018:
Millions of yen
Securities and other financial assets
Total

March 31, 2019‒‒72

March 31, 2018
¥ 122
¥ 122

Thousands of
U.S. dollars
March 31, 2019‒‒

Major Subsidiaries and Associates
The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the following subsidiaries:

Name

Location

Hitachi Metals Tool Steel, Ltd.

Minato-ku, Tokyo

Specialty Steel Products

100.0

Hitachi Metals Neomaterial, Ltd.

Suita, Osaka

Specialty Steel Products

100.0

Hitachi Metals Wakamatsu, Ltd.

Wakamatsu-ku,
Kita-kyushu, Fukuoka

Specialty Steel Products

100.0

Hitachi Metals Precision, Ltd.

Minato-ku, Tokyo

Specialty Steel Products

100.0

HMY, Ltd.

Yasugi, Shimane

Specialty Steel Products

100.0

NEOMAX KINKI Co., Ltd.

Yabu, Hyogo

Magnetic Materials and Applications

100.0

NEOMAX ENGINEERING Co., Ltd.

Takasaki, Gunma

Magnetic Materials and Applications

100.0

Hitachi Ferrite Electronics, Ltd.

Tottori, Tottori

Manufacturing and sales of products

100.0

NEOMAX KYUSHU Co., Ltd.

Takeo, Saga

Magnetic Materials and Applications

100.0

Santoku Corporation

Higashinada-ku,
Kobe, Hyogo

Magnetic Materials and Applications

100.0

Hitachi Metals FineTech, Ltd.

Kuwana, Mie

Functional Components and Equipment

100.0

Alcast, Ltd.

Kumagaya, Saitama

Functional Components and Equipment

100.0

Kyushu Technometal Co., Ltd.

Miyako, Fukuoka

Functional Components and Equipment

100.0

Hitachi Metals Trading, Ltd.

Minato-ku, Tokyo

Sales of products

100.0

Tonichi Kyosan Cable, Ltd.

Ishioka, Ibaraki

Wires, Cables, and Related Products

100.0

Ibaraki Technos, Ltd.

Hitachi, Ibaraki

Wires, Cables, and Related Products

100.0

Hitachi Metals Solutions, Ltd.

Minato-ku, Tokyo

Real estate business and others

100.0

Metglas, Inc.

South Carolina, U.S.A.

Specialty Steel Products

100.0

Hitachi Metals Korea Co., Ltd.

Gyeonggi-do, South
Korea

Manufacturing and sales of products

100.0

Baosteel Hitachi Rolls (Nantong) Co., Ltd.

Jiangsu, China

Specialty Steel Products

70.0

San Technology, Inc.

Cavite, Philippines

Specialty Steel Products

70.0

Pacific Metals Co., Ltd.

North Gyeongsang,South Korea

Magnetic Materials and Applications

100.0

PT. HITACHI METALS INDONESIA

Banten, Indonesia

Magnetic Materials and Applications

100.0

Hitachi Metals San Huan Magnetic Materials (Nantong)
Jiangsu, China
Co., Ltd.

Magnetic Materials and Applications

51.0

Waupaca Foundry, Inc.

Wisconsin, U.S.A.

Functional Components and Equipment

100.0

Namyang Metals Co., Ltd.

Daegu, South Korea

Functional Components and Equipment

90.8

Ward Manufacturing, LLC

Pennsylvania, U.S.A.

Functional Components and Equipment

100.0

HNV Castings Private Limited

Delhi, India

Functional Components and Equipment

100.0

Hitachi Metals America, Ltd.

New York, U.S.A.

Sales of products

100.0

73

Principal business

As of March 31, 2019
Votingrights %Name

Location

Hitachi Metals Hong Kong Ltd.

Hong Kong, China

Sales of products

100.0

Hitachi Metals Europe GmbH

Dusseldorf, Germany

Sales of products

100.0

Hitachi Metals Singapore Pte. Ltd.

Singapore

Sales of products

100.0

Hitachi Metals Taiwan, Ltd.

New Taipei, Taiwan

Manufacturing and sales of products

100.0

Hitachi Metals (Thailand) Ltd.

Ayutthaya, Thailand

Manufacturing and sales of products

100.0

Hitachi Metals (Suzhou) Technology, Ltd.

Jiangsu, China

Manufacturing and sales of products

100.0

Hitachi Metals (China), Ltd.

Shanghai, China

Sales of products

100.0

Hitachi Cable America Inc.

New York, U.S.A.

Wires, Cables, and Related Products

100.0

Hitachi Cable (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.

Jiangsu, China

Wires, Cables, and Related Products

100.0

Hitachi Cable (Johor) Sdn. Bhd.

Johor, Malaysia

Wires, Cables, and Related Products

100.0

Hitachi Cable Vietnam Co., Ltd.

Hai Duong, Vietnam

Manufacturing and sales of products

100.0

Thai Hitachi Enamel Wire Co., Ltd.

Bangpakong
Wires, Cables, and Related Products
Chachoengsao, Thailand

49.4

HC Queretaro, S.A. de C.V.

Queretaro, Mexico

100.0

Others‒21 companies

Principal business

As of March 31, 2019
Votingrights %Wires, Cables, and Related Products
‒

74

‒

Transactions with Related Parties(1) Transactions with Related Parties
Transactions with the related parties are as follows:
For the year ended March 31, 2019:
Attribution

Parentcompany

Name

Hitachi, Ltd.

Nature oftransaction
Deposits with andBorrowings from
Hitachi Group cash
pooling system(*1) (*3)

Millions of yen
Balance atTransaction amountyear-end
Withdrawal¥ 8,059
Borrowings¥ 7,724¥ 7,724(*4)

Thousands of U.S. dollars
Transaction
Balance atamountyear-end
Withdrawal$ 72,610$ 69,592
Borrowings$ 69,592(*4)

Company with
Borrowings from a
Borrowings
Borrowings
the same
Hitachi America
cash pooling system¥ 9,179¥ 28,302$ 82,701$ 254,996
parentCapital, Ltd.
(*2) (*3)(*4)(*4)
company
Notes:*1 The Company participates in the Hitachi Group’s cash pooling system, an initiative intended to provide integrated management of funds.
Balance at the end of the fiscal year indicates deposit balance as of the year-end.
*2 The Company participates in the Hitachi Group’s cash pooling system, where Hitachi America Capital Ltd. is a key participant, an
initiative intended to provide integrated management of funds. Balance at the end of the fiscal year indicates borrowings balance as of
the year-end.
*3 Interest rates on funding are reasonably determined based on market interest rates.
*4 As deposits and withdrawals are made on a daily basis, transaction amounts represent differences between the beginning and endingbalances for the year.
For the year ended March 31, 2018:
Attribution

Nature oftransaction

Name

Millions of yen
Transaction
Balance atamountyear-end

Hitachi, Ltd.

Deposits with
Hitachi Group cash
pooling system(*1) (*3)

Withdrawal¥ 76,125(*4)¥ 8,059

Company
with thesame parent
company

Hitachi America Capital, Ltd.

Borrowings from acash poolingsystem(*2) (*3)

Borrowings¥ 5,660(*4)¥ 19,123

Associate

SUMIDEN HITACHI CABLE
Ltd.

Sales of products(*5)¥ 24,016¥ 14,233

Parentcompany

Notes:*1 The Company participates in the Hitachi Group’s cash pooling system, an initiative intended to provide integrated management of funds.
Balance at the end of the fiscal year indicates deposit balance as of the year-end.
*2 The Company participates in the Hitachi Group’s cash pooling system, where Hitachi America Capital Ltd. is a key participant, an
initiative intended to provide integrated management of funds. Balance at the end of the fiscal year indicates borrowings balance as of
the year-end.
*3 Interest rates on funding are reasonably determined based on market interest rates.
*4 As deposits and withdrawals are made on a daily basis, transaction amounts represent differences between the beginning and endingbalances for the year.
*5 Transaction terms for sales of products are determined in the same manner as regular transaction terms based on their market prices.
(2) Compensation for Key Management Personnel
Compensation for key management personnel of the Group is as follows:

Short-term employee benefits

Millions of yen
For the year ended
For the year ended
March 31, 2019
March 31, 2018
¥ 639
¥ 642

75

Thousands of U.S. dollars
For the year ended
March 31, 2019
$ 5,757

Commitments and Contingencies (Other Than Liabilities Recognized as Provisions)(1)

Loan Commitments
The Group has lines of credit arrangements with financial institutions in order to secure financing sources for business operations. The total
unused lines of credit as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, were ¥40,000 million (US $360,393 thousand) and ¥40,000 million, respectively. The
Group also has overdraft facilities with financial institutions. The unused facilities under these agreements as of March 31, 2019 and 2018,
were ¥86,308 million (US $777,620 thousand) and ¥82,108 million, respectively.

(2)

Commitments for Acquisition of Assets
Outstanding commitments for the purchase of property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, were ¥20,845 million(US $187,810 thousand) and ¥53,326 million, respectively.

(3)

Guarantee Obligations
The Group was contingently liable for loan guarantees and other guarantees to its associates and third parties in the amounts of ¥3,188 million(US $28,723 thousand) and ¥3,644 million as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Subsequent Events
There are no applicable items.

76

77