REDD+ Readinessand Implementationin Peru
The bottom-up approach

Claudio Schneider
Technical Director
Peru Field ProgramLevels of REDD+International
REDD+System
UNFCCCPeru

National
Government

Non-UNFCCC
regulated
schemes

Sub-nationalGovernments

Voluntarycarbon markets

Civil Society

National REDD+ program

REDD+ Projects in publicareas (e.g. a NationalPark)
Sub-national REDD+Programs

REDD+ Projects in public
areas

REDD+ Projects in publicareas given in concession

REDD + conceptual framework for Peru
Peru decided to adopt an implementation of REDD + in a tiered
approach (= LOCAL → REGIONAL → NATIONAL).
• Why was this decision made?
••

•

•

The GoP began a decentralization processes: Regions assume moremanagement responsibilities for their territories.
The GoP recognizes the contribution and potential of sub-nationalinitiatives (= level of local and regional).
The GoP wants to promote sub-national initiatives (politics ofInvestment Promotion Board).
Sub-national initiatives have already started and will are generating
emission reductions before this is possible at national level.

The Peruvian Approach to REDD+TIERED APPROACH
LOCAL:e.g., Alto Mayo
Protected Forest
Site and regional
REDD+ initiativesare informing
Peruvian national
REDD+ policy
development

REGIONAL:e.g., San Martin

NATIONAL:Peru

OCTOBER 2012

Alto Mayo Project achieves
REDD+ verification

1st verified
REDD+ project for CI
1st verified REDD+ projectin a protected area
5th verified
REDD+ project in the world
Largest verified REDD+ project todate (hectares)

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Single largest corporate investment
in REDD+ACTUAL OBSERVED
DEFORESTATION, AMPF
(1996-2006)

PROJECTED
DEFORESTATION, AMPF
(2018)

Carbon Financing
measuremonitor

monetizecarbon stock offorest

reduction indeforestation

tradable Voluntary
Carbon Units~ 150 carbon
stock plots
sampledAverage over
500,000 tons of
CO2 per year inemissions
reductions

Over $1 million
per year used forsustainable
development

Verification

Credibility of GHG
Reductions
Additionality
Measurement & monitoring
Leakage
Permanence
Registration

Project Design, plus Social andEnvironmental Impacts
Poverty alleviation & sustainable
development
Biodiversity conservation
Watershed protection
Climate adaptation

The Peruvian Approach to REDD+TIERED APPROACH
LOCAL:e.g., Alto Mayo
Protected Forest
Site and regional
REDD+ initiatives
are informingPeruvian national
REDD+ policy
development

REGIONAL:e.g., San Martin

NATIONAL:Peru

San Martin Region• Area: 5.12 million ha• Most of its original land coverconsisted of tropical forests andwetlands• High deforestation rates due tothe influx of immigrants from
economically depressed rural
areas in the Andean highlands• Deforestation processaccelerated by government
efforts to connect the region withthe rest of the country and ofagricultural development
programs• A estimated 1.6 million ha ofprimary forest have been cleared

Alto Mayo Protected Forest

SUBNATIONAL LEVEL
REDD+ process in San Martin
Develop a REDD + program led by the Regional
Government that can inform the design of anational model, including:• Develop and support an effective stakeholder
engagement process;• Capacity building;• Deforestation baseline, reference scenario;• REDD+ strategy that feeds from local initiatives
and local communities;
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• Integrate San Martin REDD+ initiative to the
National REDD+ strategy.

ORGANIZATIONAL DIAGRAM OF THE
SAN MARTIN REDD+ ROUNDTABLE
REDD+ Roundtable(Leadership: GORESAM - ARA)
Members: AMPA, APECO, ACOPAGRO, CIMA, CI,CEDISA, ECOAN, DRRN y AAA, ITDG, JBPAM,JPNCAZ, JPNRA, MINAM, PEAM, PEHCBM, SNV, SPDA,WWF …

TechnicalExpert liaison
MINAMAdvisors Committee(CI, CEDISA, AMPA,CIMA, ARA-GORESAM,MINAM)

Technical Working Group 1
1 technician(GORESAM –ARA)

2 technicians(AMPA,CIMA)

1 teamleader(CarbonDecisionsInternational)

Technical Working Group 2Tehnicians (AMPA,CIMA, CEDISA,APECO, CI).

Team leader
ORDEPISAM/AMPADeforestation baseline and reference scenario
Deforestation Drivers

Historic
Carbon stock
inventory andmappingdeforestation
analysis and land
use mapping

Estimation ofpotential carbon
emissions under

Spatial data

REDD+

collection

Analysis ofdeforestation

Futuredrivers

deforestation
projection

Opportunity cost
analysis
Driver%Small size agriculture

53.3

Medium size
agriculture

30.6

Agro-industry

1.2

Cattle ranching

14.7

Other0.1

Carbon Stock Inventory

Future Deforestation Modeling

Deforestation

Historic
Deforestation

Variables

Vulnerability

Biomass

Model
Simulation

Estimated
CO2
Emissions

Modeling

Dinamica EGO

Regional Reference Scenario 2010-2020
San Martin

The Peruvian Approach to REDD+
TIERED APPROACH
LOCAL:
e.g., Alto Mayo
Protected Forest
Site and regional
REDD+ initiatives
are informing
Peruvian national
REDD+ policy
development

REGIONAL:
e.g, San Martin

NATIONAL:Peru

The tiered approach allows for the developmentof REDD+ to grow from the LOCAL level to the
NATIONAL level

Reference Emission Levels (REL) under the Nested
ApproachCountryNational
Government

Region 2

Sub-national
Government

-1
1% yr

Region1Project1

Region 1: 0.1%
Region 2: 0.7%
Region 3: 0.2%

Project2

Region 3Project3

Civil Society

Baseline risk: Methods & Outcomes are likely to bedifferent.

What infrastructure is needed to implement
REDD + with the "tiered approach"?
National system for monitoring
emissions from deforestation

InternationalRules

A methodological framework forgenerating appropriate reference
emission scenarios
National GHG inventory that will allow
reporting of emissions reductions

National Rules

Mechanisms for collection anddistribution of resources to finance thecost of REDD +Carbon rights on clearly defined andgranted

National Rules

Inter-institutional coordination

REDD+Coordination
Authority
Source: Carbon Decisions International

Next steps• Continue capacity building to San
Martin Regional Government,
REDD+ roundtable and MINAM• Develop Jurisdictional andNested REDD+ scheme for San
Martin in partnership with VCS.
• Develop REDD+ SES for SanMartin• Continue supporting the Peruvian
REDD+ strategy development
based on the lessons learned
from the San Martin model.

Some conclusions
1. The nested approach is a complex multi-stakeholder, multilevel, multi-sector process;2. Ensure that the REDD+ initiatives are part of government’s
development plans to get their buy-in and support;
3. Importance of having clear institutional and methodologicalframeworks and regulations from the National Government
early on;4. Promote integration of REDD+ across all sectors of economy;
5. Need for extensive capacity building to all stakeholders at alllevels;
6. Need to ensure that REDD+ initiatives are backed by rigorous
technical and scientific analyses and standards.

THANKS!

Our gratitude to:Communities of San Martin
Regional Government of San Martin
Ministry of Environment of Peru
Peruvian Natural Protected Area Service
Norwegian Agency for Development
Cooperation
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