G-HAB

Lunar Gateway Habitation Project TeamJapan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Lunar Gateway Habitation Project TeamJapan is participating in the Gateway Program to construct a new crewed space station in lunar orbit, utilizing
experience and technologies developed through human spaceflight activities for the International Space Station (ISS)including Japanese Experiment Module called “KIBO” and cargo transfer vehicle, HTV called "KOUNOTORI".
Japan is responsible for providing habitation capabilities such as environmental control functions in the International
Habitat (I-Hab) essential for crew life, and will provide equipment to control air circulation, air pressure, oxygen supply,temperature, and humidity, as well as carbon dioxide and harmful gas removal.
In addition, Japan will provide batteries for the Gateway (I-Hab and Habitation Logistic Outpost (HALO)), cameras
inside and outside the I-Hab, and pumps for circulating refrigerant to cool I-Hab equipment.

LM (Logistics Module)

I-Hab environment control system,
battery, pumps, camera

Airlock

I-Hab (International Habitat)

ESPRIT-RM (Refueling Module)

PPE (Power andPropulsion Element)
Provided by
HALO (Habitation andLogistic Outpost)
HALO BatteryHLS (Human Landing System)

JAXA/JapanOrion
Robotic Arm

NASA/United States
ESA/EuropeCSA/Canada

Upper left: Gateway (right) and Gateway Logistic Module (left, HTV-X image)
Upper right: artist image of Moon baseLower: Gateway Responsibilities

Gateway’s Objective and Japan’s Participation
Under the U.S.-led international space exploration program, "Artemis Program", Gateway, crewed space station
orbiting the Moon, will serve as a staging point for sustained lunar exploration activities. Many of space agencies
participating in the ISS program are involved and share the responsibilities to develop modules and components. Once inorbit, Gateway will accommodate four astronauts for about 30 days per year and is expected to be utilized as a base forcrewed exploration of Mars.
In addition to the contents described at the top of this page, which will eventually assist future crewed exploration anddevelopment of technologies on the ground, Japan is also responsible for transporting research equipment and tools(extravehicular activity suits and research tools) required for lunar activities as well as supplies to support astronauts
including food and clothing, by providing a Gateway resupply vehicle.

Japan's responsibilities in the International Habitation Module (I-Hab)
1 Trace Contaminant Control System (TCCS)

2 ECLSS Local Controller (ELC)

3 I-Hab Battery

4 Pressure ControlSystem (PCS)

5 Inter-Module Ventilator(IMV) Assembly Parts

6 Carbon Dioxide Removal System (CDRS)
7 Temperature and Humidity Control (THC)
1 Trace Contaminant Control System (TCCS)①4 Pressure Control System (PCS)④Regenerates air by removing traces of toxic gases such as
ammonia, methane, aldehydes, and alcohols generated by thehuman bodies and onboard equipment, keeping 18 gases belowthe maximum concentrations allowed in the cabin.

Uses nitrogen and oxygen to control and maintain the pressure
inside the cabin and the partial pressure of oxygen within a
comfortable range for astronauts.

2 ECLSS Local Controller (ELC)②Exchange or shut off cabin air between I-Hab and the modulesor space vehicles which will be mated with I-Hab, as in HALOand Orion. In addition to fans and valves, IMV Assembly Parts
consist of HEPA filters and silencers to reduce fan noise.

Receives commands from the Gateway system and from theground and/or astronauts and gives instructions to devices
necessary for environmental control. It also collects data suchas pressure and temperature from each device and transmits thedata to the Gateway system and to the ground.

3 I-Hab Battery③Utilizing the highly reliable battery technology acquired
through the Japanese participation to the ISS program, JAXA
will provide lithium-ion batteries using 190A h cells(JMG190), which are the same type of JAXA certified
batteries used in the HTV-X. The battery provided to HALO isalso a JAXA-developed product using the JMG190.

5 Inter-Module Ventilator (IMV) Assembly Parts⑤

6 Carbon Dioxide Removal System (CDRS)⑥Removes carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by astronauts. Thesystem uses two alternating dehumidification cylinders toremove moisture from the air and two adsorption cylinders toremove CO2.

7 Temperature and Humidity Control (THC)⑦Controls the temperature and humidity of the air in the I-Habcabin where astronauts work. It also provides appropriate air
velocity distribution, circulates air, and removes particulates
and microorganisms from the air.

JAXA also provides cameras inside and outside I-Hab and refrigerant circulation pumps to cool equipment.

Gateway Operation■ Gateway orbit: NRHONorth Pole: Alt. 1,600km

Average Distance btw Earth-Moon 380,000 km

South Pole: Alt. 70,000km

Gateway will fly the Near Rectilinear Halo Orbit (NRHO),an elongated elliptical orbit that runs north-south around the Moon.

The NRHO is considered to have advantages below:
ü Communication with the ground can be secured all the time as the orbit is always visible from Earth.
ü The energy required to reach the NRHO is 70% of the energy to reach the low lunar orbit, thus reducing the transportation cost.
ü The NRHO is suitable for communication relay for lunar south pole exploration due to its high visibility from Earth.

■ Lunar Landing via Gateway
Gateway will also serve as a staging point for crewed lunar
landings.
< Earth to lunar surface >Astronauts will first board the Orion spacecraft, which islaunched by the Space Launch System (SLS) and enter lunar
orbit. Once in lunar orbit, the Orion spacecraft will dock with
Gateway and the astronauts will transfer to the Gateway's cabin.
The astronauts will then be transfer to the Human Landing
System (HLS), which is also docked to Gateway, and will
descend to the Moon's surface.
< Lunar surface to Earth >The HLS will take off from the lunar surface and dock again
with Gateway in lunar orbit. After astronauts transfer from HLS
to Gateway and then board the Orion spacecraft again, the Orion
will separate from Gateway and return to Earth.

Web Page

JAXA Space Exploration Center (JSEC) Web Page
https://www.exploration.jaxa.jp/e/index.html

Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate Web Page
https://humans-in-space.jaxa.jp/en/

JSEC “X” Account@jsec_jaxa_en