China-Africa and triangular Collaboration
in Environment Education and Pilot Projects
Li Fengting and Qiao Junlian
UN Environment-TONGJI Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development
College of Environmental Sci & Eng, Tongji Univesity,

Email: fengting@tongji.edu.cn
Tel:86 21 65987790
http://www.tongji.edu.cn/

contents
123
45background for China-UNEP-Africa Water Program
Joint Research and Pilot projects
Future leaders for SD
Potential for cooperation
conclusion

Established in 1907

Located in Shanghai

Mission: “A
sustainabilityoriented worldclass university”

Key Figures about Tongji University
38,000 Students( full time)
20,000 BA/BSc
10,000 MA/MSc
4,000 PhD
2,200 International Students ( from 105 countries and regions)
250,000 Alumni
2,786 Teaching & Research Faculty and Staff
855 full professors, 997 associate professors
481

10Degree Programs
74 Bachelor’s programs
144 PhD programs

263 Master degree programs
25 postdoctoral stations

Disciplines
science, engineering, medicine, economics, management,humanities, law, philosophy, education, art

2.14 Billion RMB Research Budget
40% public and 60% industrial projects

Top 10 disciplines in China
Discipline
Medicine

Humanities

Urban
Construction& DisasterPrevention

ModernManufacturing

ManagementScience

Civil Engineering
Urban Planning
LandscapeEnvironment Engineering
Architecture
Traffic and Transportation
Marine ScienceSurveying and Mapping
Geophysics
DesignManagement Science andEngineering
Geological Engineering
Stomatology

Ranking122333345691010TONGJI VISIONSUSTAINABILITY-ORIENTED
UNIVERSITY
From green to sustainability
University
Competitiveness300 innovation companies
annual turnover 5 billion US$ 2015

Education

Greenpractice

SustainabilityOriented
University

smart
power
soft
power
hardpower
2017/4/20

UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for
Sustainable Development (IESD)May 9, 2002, Establishment of UNEP-Tongji IESDMISSION
Two-Track Approach approved byIESD Board Meeting 2015

To develop UNEP-Tongji IESD as a centre
education of environmental and SD, southsouth and triangular cooperation.

To develop a pathway to build IESD into a
globally recognized think tank to UrbanEnvironment.

•2017/4/20

8• Both Mr. Eric Solheim and Mr. Achim Steiner, present andformer Under-Secretary-General of UN and UNEP Executive
Director Visited Tongji and gave lectures to Tongji’s students.

1 background for China-UNEP-Africa Water Program

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Political mutural support in 1960s and 1970s
Medical cooperation to control malaria with Chinese herbs
arteannuin 1960-1970s.

*2008

Mr Xi Jinping metioned two
Milestone for China andAfrica Cooperation
Tanzania-Zambia Railway（1970.10-1976.7）

African Union ConferenceCenter (Donated by China,and Designed by Tongji
University. 200M USD, 2012)

Reform and Opening-up policies since 1978

In December 1978, the government
made the historic decision to shift thefocus of state to economic
development and to introduce thereform and opening-up policies.

Boost economic growth since1978
GDP (billion US$)148.2 (rank 15) in 1978
9240.3 (rank 2) in 2013

GDPUrbanization
21% in 1982
53% in 2013

19782014

2050

China’s rapid growth with on average 9.7% GDP increase over 30years has accumulated large amount of material welfare, but put
great pressures on the environment and ecosystem.

President Xi’s visit to UN

Chinese President Xi Jinping (R) attends a presentation ceremony on which theChinese government gives the "Zun of Peace", an ancient Chinese-styled wine
container, to UN as a gift in New York on Sept. 27 . UN Secretary-General Ban Kimoon also attended the ceremony.

For example in Shanghai, thetallest building was the Park Hotel,
24 stories on Nanjing Road (built in1932) until late 1980s.

Green Development
decoupling the link of growth with resources
consumption
Living stanard

Economic growth

Consumption of resources

Green is gold贫民窟给排水点

• Safe water supply• WHO-UNICEF , A Snapshot ofDrinking Water and Sanitation in
Africa, 2014
• Drinking water network,%• 饮用水管网覆盖率

WHO-UNICEF , A
Snapshot of Drinking
Water and Sanitation in
Africa, 2014
Sanitation coverage , %.
卫生设施覆盖率

Research

2 Joint Research and Pilot projectsAfrican Water Action

African Water Action

Mr Wan Gang and Mr Achim
signed MOU 2009 and 2011
Both raised 10 M USD
for phase 1 and 2 projects

Phase 3 will be signed soon••••

cooperation for the adaptation for climate change
Capacity building
joint research and technology transfer
education for talents in environment field for African nations

African Water Action
6 subprojects:• Water resources planning in African typical nations andwatersheds;• Water resources use technology in African typical nations;• Water resources and ecological protection technology in the
Nile river and Tanganyika Lake basin;• Drought early warning system and adaptive technology inAfrican drought areas;• Water-saving agricultural technology in Africa;• Desertification controlling technology and sand industry
development in African nations of desertification

中国科技部-联合国环境署-非洲环境合作项目

MOST-UNEP raised 10M USD
for pilot project in 16
countries on water in Sahara
desert, Nile river catchment
and Tanganyika lake
重点在尼罗河、坦噶尼喀湖、撒哈拉沙漠的研究

China-Africa Projects
Project 1: Water resources planning for selectedwater catchments in Africa

China-Africa Projects
Project 2: Development and demonstration of newtechnologies for safe water supply( new tech can save Nairobi
water 1 M USD a year, 6 million people benefit from this)China-Africa Projects
Project 4: Drought early warning system and adaptive
technologies for the dry areas of Africa

China-Africa Projects
Project 5: Development and demonstration of watersaving techniques for dry land agriculture andagricultural mapping in Africa

China-Africa Projects
Project 6: Development and demonstration ontechnologies for combating desertification组织了非洲典型城市 水资源报告2011年世界水日发布
2012年里约中文绿色经济报告两位副秘书长撰文感谢科技部和同济大学的支持challenges for Africa

城市化

greener urbanization

工业化

greener industrialization

3 Future leaders for SD"Workshop on Planning for Greener Cities and South-South
Cooperation in Africa” Phase I and IIMOST• 中国科技部资助，同济大学、联合国环境署与联合国人居署共同举办
Sponsored by China MOST, held by Tongji University, UNEP and UN-Habitat• 8个非洲城市的市长等25位代表
25 representatives from 8 African cities attended the workshop• 启动了两项合作：亚迪斯亚贝巴绿色城市；哈拉雷安全水供应
Initiated two joint projects: green city planning & solid waste
management in Addis Ababa; safe water supply in Harare“非洲绿色城市规划与南南合作市长研修班”二期"Workshop on Planning for Greener Cities and South-South
Cooperation in Africa” Phase II••The workshop had 20 participants from African countries, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya,Malawi and Sudan. The participants are mayors, general managers, experts andengineers from African countries. The Mayor of Arba Minch City (Ethiopia), the Mayorof Hawassa City (Ethiopia), the Mayor of Lilongwe City (Malawi) and the Deputy
Governor of Gedarf State (Sudan).
与会代表是来自包括埃及、埃塞俄比亚、肯尼亚、马拉维和苏丹等在内20个非洲
国家的市长、政府官员、专家、企业负责人及工程师等，其中埃塞俄比亚阿尔巴门奇市市长、埃塞俄比亚哈瓦萨市市长、马拉维利隆圭市市长、苏丹各达夫州副州长出席。

Combine research and education

China-UNEP-Africa
CooperationProgramme
One River,
One Lake,
One Desert
One InstituteAn eco-civilizationsociety needtrained talents tobuild.

Tongji shoulders
the responsibility
to educate future
leaders
andCombine projects
and Education oftalents

IESD 85 studentsfrom
19 African nations

Tongji 2807 students
From 48 nations ofAfrinca in past 5years and mobilize
90 million USD from
Government

China is the biggest contributor to MDG forpoverty reduction in past years
Will be biggest player of SDG

4

Potential for cooperation

A Green Africa
A pillar of culture
A pillar politics
A pillar economy
A pillar human resources
A pillar nature resources

A green and sustainable Africa will be acontributor to the eco-civilization of our planet, ifnot, it will be a disaster of our world.

Mr. Xi put forward a massive plan to carry out 10 majorcooperation projects in the coming three years in Africawith support from China
Industrialization / modern agriculture / infrastructure
construction / Finance / green development
investment and trade facilitation / poverty reduction andpeople's welfare / public health / people-to-people
exchanges / peace and security
New proposals
Nairobi Academy of Water(Tongji)
Addisa baba River Remediation and planningconclusion
China and Africa have similar history and stronglink in politics and economy.
China hope to share our experience and lessons
and aid the green development of Africa.
China and Japan begin cooperation in Kenya
about Geothermal power station

Acknowledge
United Nations Environment
United Nations Habitants
Ministry of Science and Technology, China
Ministry of Commerce, China
Ministry of Environmental Protection, China
Ministry of Education, China
Nature Science Foundation, China
China Academy of Space Technology
China Science and Technology Exchange Center
Chinese University of Geosciences (Beijing)
Gansu Desert Control Research InstituteGansu Research Institute for Water Conservancy
Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources

Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lanzhou University
Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology(CAS)
Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University
Space Star Technology Co. LtdTongji University
Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography(CAS)Yijing Environmental Protection Co. Ltd
Yuan Longping High-tech Agriculture Co. Ltd

Cooperation leads to successLi Fengting， Tongji University, Shanghai, China
TEL: +86-21-65987790 cell +86 13501636620
Email: fengting@tongji.edu.cnPositions:Executive Deputy Dean, UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for SustainableDevelopment
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University
Main research areas:
Water treatment technology.
Policy and adaptive research on climate change
Education on sustainable development
Prof. Li joined Tongji University in 1997, and has been in his current position sinceJune 2004. In his position, he is instrumental in formulating, developing andimplementing international education at Tongji University and spreading UNEP’s
strategy in Asia-Pacific region and Africa. In recent years, Prof. Li has led multidisciplinary teams in the areas of education, policy research and facilitated SouthSouth cooperation.

Water Algae Control in Chinarol in China

Qiao

Dr. Junlian Qiao

China Environmental Status Bulletin 2015
2015年中国环境质量公报

Ⅰ~Ⅲ类 64.5%
Ⅳ~Ⅴ类 26.7%
劣Ⅴ类

8.8%。

China Environmental Status Bulletin 2015
2015年中国环境质量公报

5118个地下水水质监测点中，水质为优良级的监测点比例为9.1%，良好级的监测点比例为25.0%，较好级的监测点比例为4.6%，较差级的监测点比例为42.5%，极差级的监测点比例为18.8%。

China Environmental Status Bulletin 2015
2015年中国环境质量公报污染海域主要分布在辽东湾、渤海湾、莱州湾、江苏沿岸、长江口、杭州湾、浙江沿岸和珠江口等近岸海域。

Eutrophication Figures
30%~40% of the world’s lakes and reservoirs.
>400 coastal dead zones (expanding at 10% per decade).
Eutrophication in China

Algal blooms in China
Eutrophication and harmful algal bloom(HAB) is a global issue.
China is one of the country in the world facing diverse andserious HAB problems. Among the Chinese lakes with theproblem of eutrophication, the Taihu Lake, the Chaohu Lake andthe Dianchi Lake have the worst cases of blue algae outbreak.

Dianchi Lake

Chaohu Lake

Taihu LakeWhat is Eutrophication？
The runoff of nitrate and phosphate into lakes and streams
fertilizes them, and causes accelerated eutrophication (eu =true or well; trophy = food) or enrichment of the waters.

What is Algal blooms ？
Algal blooms are the result of an excess of nutrients into waters andhigher concentrations of these nutrients in water cause increased growthof algae. Algal blooms easily occur in warm, slow moving water. Algal
blooms are often green, but they can also be other colors such as yellowbrown or red( Red Tide).

Algae Control
In recent years, the increasingly frequent algae blooms, and its
main secondary metabolites of harmful cyanotoxins, have become
a focus of environmental problem.

Traditional methods of algae control :Water diversion
Sediment dredging
SalvageCoagulation sedimentation
Air flotation
Algicide
Biological methods

Algae control of Taihu Lake
Located in the southern part of the Yangtze River delta in
Wuxi, Taihu Lake is the third largest freshwater lake in China.

Algae control of Taihu Lake
The sluice gate sewage blocking
建闸挡污和控源Algae control of Taihu Lake
Water diversion
Diversion from theYangtze River into Taihu
Drainage to the Yangtze
River每年太湖都有低水位的“枯水期”，在从长江引水进入太湖的同时，借助走马塘、新沟河、锡澄运河向长江排水，太湖将形成“两进三出”的循环系统，通过让水体动起来，改善水质。

Algae control of Taihu Lake
Salvage cyanobacteria

Algae control of Taihu Lake
Sediment dredging

Algae control of Taihu Lake
Ecological Restoration
ecological floating bedhydrophyte

constructed wetland

Algae control of West LakeWest Lake is man-made and created after the Chinese love for gardenstyle parks for recreation. It's in the western suburbs, the historic center ofHangzhou. West Lake is the symbol of Hangzhou, and is considered oneof the most beautiful sights in China.

Algae control of West Lake
Sediment dredging
彻底清淤2次，1952~1958年、1978~1989年清淤Algae control of West Lake
Water diversion

Algae control of West Lake
Ecological Restoration

Algae control of Shanghai Qingcaosha Reservoir
Qingcaosha Reservoir located at Yangtze Estuary of China is a
newly constructed and one of the largest tidal reservoirs in theworld, which is an important drinking water source of Shanghai.

Algae control of Shanghai Qingcaosha Reservoir
水力调度 Hydraulic control40

叶绿素a（µg/L）

3530

2012年

2013年

2014年

2015年

6月

7月

25201510508月

9月

Algae control of Shanghai Qingcaosha Reservoir
边滩植物 Marginal plant ( Reed )Remove phosphate护坡植物 Slope protection plant

Cyperus alternifolius，loosestrife, Arundo donax，旱伞草，千屈菜,花叶芦竹，

Removal of Microcystis aeruginosa
using activated fly ash-modified chitosan
Preparation of FA-MC
100

efficiency
Removal(%)
叶绿素去除率%Fly ash was dried at 70 °C and sieved
through 60 mesh (0.3 mm). Next, 30 g of fly
ash were mixed with 40 ml of 98% HCl in aclosed conical flask. The reaction temperature
was controlled at 70 °C and the duration
time was 2 h. After that, the reactants werefiltrated. Then the filtrate was diluted 40
times with distilled water. At this time, theconcentration of hydrogen ion wasapproximately equivalent to 1%HCl. A certain
amount of chitosan was dispersed thoroughlyin, and the concentration of chitosan wasregulated to be 0.25 g/L.This solution was theFA-MC.

ABC8060
40
2000.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

投加量(Flocculants
dosagemL)(ml/L)

A---FA-MC
B--- chitosan
C--- fly ash

0.60.7

Thank you for your attention！