TU-TUAT WISE Joint Workshop

Natural Disasters andTheir Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of
the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature

Friday, December 18, 2020
@ Fuchu, Tokyo andSendai, Miyagi

ご挨拶

はじめまして、本ワークショップ運営代表の東京
農⼯⼤学卓越⼤学院プログラムの荒⽥洋平と申します。
私は、2020 年 3 ⽉に修⼠課程を東京農⼯⼤学国際環境農学専攻で修了し、同年 4 ⽉から、同⼤学の連合農学研究科環境資源共⽣科学専攻の博⼠課程の学⽣として卓越⼤学院プログラムに参加しています。
私は流域⽔⽂⽣態系管理学研究室（研究室⻑：五味⾼志教授）に所属し、地震後の⼭地上流域内の⽔⽂・地形プロセスの解明から、その後の豪⾬に伴う⼟砂災害に向けた対策強化を⽬指しています。
⼀⽅で、災害リスク軽減では、⾃然プロセスの場に基づくハザード評価のみならず、暮らしの場における地域脆弱性や曝露状態の評価も重要であり、これらの両⽅⾯に着⽬した検討をしていく必要があります。そこで、⽂理融合型教育基盤とする多様な学⽣が参加し、⾃然プロセスの場や暮らしの場に関する災害対策研究・活動が精⼒的に実施されている東北⼤学卓越⼤学院プログラムと協働でワークショップを開催することで、災害リスク軽減に向けた各「場」における課題やその解決策について検討する機会が創出されると考えました。
さらには、学⽣を中⼼としたワークショップとすることで、世界的に国際防災戦略の節⽬
である 2030 年や、気候変動に関する環境問題や⾃然災害などで注⽬される 2050 年に向け、その時に主役となる私たち若⼿研究者のネットワークを活性化することも視野に⼊れています。今回は、東北⼤学と東京農⼯⼤学による⽐較的、規模の⼩さなワークショップになりますが、様々な専⾨分野の学⽣が参加しますので、これを契機に様々な共同研究や起業案の創出など、皆様の将来の可能性を広げる⼀助となればと思っております。
最後になりますが、今回のワークショップ開催にあたり、運営者として最初に声を挙げていただいた東北⼤学卓越⼤学院プログラム⽣の迫中あやめさんと Jiang Mingjin さん、さらには農⼯⼤⽣からは佐藤⿓さんと宇川千夏さん、Liu Zitong さんには、右も左も分からない
私のサポートをしていただきました。ありがとうございます！
荒⽥ 洋平

1

Greeting
Hello! My name is Yohei Arata, I am a Ph.D student from the TUAT WISE program and the leaderof the TU-TUAT Joint Workshop.
I have completed the Master's degree in Agriculture in March 2020 at the department ofInternational Environmental Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture andTechnology. From April 2020, I am a first-year doctoral course student at the department ofSymbiotic Science of Environment and Natural Resources, United Graduate School of
Agricultural Science, and join the TUAT WISE program. I am currently conducting a research
project with Dr. Takashi Gomi in Watershed Hydrology and Ecosystem Management Laboratory.
My research topic is to evaluate both hydrological and geomorphological processes in headwater
catchments affected by earthquakes, which can contribute to the development of disastercountermeasures associated with subsequent extreme rainfall.
In Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), however, it is important to evaluate not only hazard
assessments based on natural processes, but also the vulnerability and exposure based on social
conditions, and we need to consider both of these aspects at the same time. To realize it, I havedecided to hold the workshop by collaborations with students from the WISE program of Tohoku
University, which focuses on the interdisciplinary approach based on the integrations of literatureand science and their contributions to disaster countermeasures. Organizing the workshop withthem can create an opportunity to discuss the challenges and solutions for DRR in both “Naturalprocess” and “Society condition”.
Furthermore, through holding the student-centered workshop, I hope to revitalize the network ofyoung scientists who will play a leading role in 2030, a turning point in the global strategy fordisaster reduction, and in 2050, a time when environmental issues and natural disasters related toclimate change. Although this workshop is a relatively small-scale collaboration between Tohoku
University and Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, as students from various fields
will join, I hope it will be a good opportunity for you to start various joint research projects andstart-ups in the future.
Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to Ayame Sakonaka and Mingjin Jiang, students fromthe WISE program of Tohoku University, who were the first to speak up as organizers of thisworkshop, as well as Sato Ryu, Ukawa Chinatsu, and Zitong Liu from the TUAT WISE program.
They have been fully supporting me. Thank you very much!
Yohei Arata2

謝辞
本ワークショップの開催にあたり、東京農工大学卓越大学院プログラム（「超スマート社
会」を新産業創出とダイバーシティにより牽引する卓越リーダーの養成）と、東北大学卓越
大学院プログラム（変動地球共生学卓越大学院プログラム）、および関連機関の先生方には大変お世話になりました。特に、東京農工大学卓越大学院機構⾧の五味高志教授には、東北大学へのファーストコンタクトから運営方針まで、ご丁寧にご指導いただきました。東北大
学卓越大学院プログラム⾧の中村美千彦教授には、企画提案にご快諾いただき、多くのご支援を賜りました。東北大学の新谷直己助教には、運営方針や会場セッティング、企画の周知まで、多大なるお力添えをいただきました。東京農工大学卓越リーダー養成機構の一條洋子
特任准教授には、会場セッティングに関する多くのアドバイスをいただきました。東京農工大学卓越リーダー養成機構の金子聖子特任助教は、農工大卓越大学院全体へのご連絡を快く引き受けていただきました。東京農工大学卓越リーダー養成機構の柴田玲奈様には、開催周知に関するリーフレットへの作成や、それらの大学内への掲示にご協力していただきました。東北大学卓越大学院プログラム支援事務の山岸幸子様には、ワークショップ企画の円滑な推進や、東北大学卓越大学院全体への開催周知にご尽力いただきました。国立研究開発
法人土木研究所の小柳賢太氏と KPMG ジャパンコンサルティングの塩野拓氏は、ご多忙の中、基調講演をご快諾いただきました。東北大学と東京農工大学からの発表者の皆様は、ワークショップの趣旨にご賛同いただき、発表依頼をお引き受けいただきました。最後になりますが、本企画の実現のために、多くのご支援とご協力を頂きました皆さまに対しまして、
心より感謝申し上げます。
本ワークショップは、令和 2 年度東京農工大学卓越大学院プログラムのプロポーザル型
プロジェクト経費により遂行されたものです。この場を借りて御礼申し上げます。
ワークショップ運営者一同3

Acknowledgment
For holding this workshop, we would like to thank the faculty members of WISE Programs ofTokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT) (Excellent Leader Development forSuper Smart Society by New Industry Creation and Diversity) and Tohoku University (WISE
Program for Sustainability in the Dynamic Earth), as well as associated institutions, for their great
supports. We are deeply grateful to Dr. Takashi Gomi, Director of WISE Program of TUAT. In
particular, he gave us careful guidance, such as the first contact with Tohoku University and the
management policy. Dr. Michihiko Nakamura, Director of WISE Program of Tohoku University,
kindly agreed to our proposal and provided us with a lot of supports. Dr. Naomi Araya of Tohoku
University gave us insightful comments and suggestions in terms of management policy, venue
setting, and dissemination of the plan. Dr. Yoko Ichijo of TUAT gave us a lot of advice on venue
set-up and warm encouragement. Dr. Seiko Kaneko of TUAT graciously agreed to contact theentire TUAT Outstanding Graduate School. Ms. Reina Shibata of TUAT kindly supported us to
publicize to the entire TUAT in terms of making a leaflet and displaying it in TUAT. Ms. Sachiko
Yamagishi of Tohoku University promoted the workshop plan smoothly and publicized it to theentire WISE Program of Tohoku. Mr. Kenta Koyanagi of the Public Works Research Institute and
Mr. Taku Shiono of KPMG Japan Consulting kindly agreed to give the keynote lecture despite
their busy schedules. We are grateful to the presenters from Tohoku University and TUAT for
agreeing with the purpose of the workshop and accepting our request to present. Lastly, we would
like to express the deepest appreciation to all those who have helped to realize this project.
This workshop was funded by the Proposal-based Project of WISE Program of TUAT.
All coordinators of the workshop

4

趣旨と目的「自然プロセスの場」と「暮らしの場」における課題を、学際アプローチから特定し、その課題解決に向けた最新技術を紹介する

災害リスク軽減は、持続可能な資源の利活用や安心・安全な社会の実現において必要不可欠である。この災害リスク軽減の検討では、自然プロセス・現象由来のハザードと社会システム由来の脆弱性や曝露の 3 要素が重要である。特に、近年の災害事例では、「自然プロセスの場」における気候変動に伴う集中豪雨や大型台風、および大規模地震の頻発化などの想定外のハザードに相まって、「暮らしの場」における防災文化や土地利用、農業、インフラなどの社会システム上の脆弱性や曝露により被害が拡大していることが予想される。このような複雑な災害に対して、私たちが備えていくために、本ワークショップでは、社会と自然の「場」に関わる若手研究者を集め、学際的なアプローチから各「場」における災害リスクを理解し、その軽減に向けた課題の抽出や最新技術の紹介をすることに焦点を当てた。
ゴール
災害リスク軽減に向けた、“研究や防災計画の方向性提示”や“次世代を担う若手研究者のネットワーク醸成”から、2030 年の仙台目標に貢献する

私たちの暮らしを劇的に変化させる自然災害に対するリスク軽減は、人口増加やそれに関連する食糧危機などの問題と相まって、近年ではさらにその重要性が高まってきている。これまでの世界の災害リスク軽減への取り組みとして、1990 年代では、国連総会が「国際防災の 10 年」を提唱
し、2000 年代では、国連防災世界会議で 2005 年に“兵庫行動枠組 2005-2015”、および 2015 年に”仙台防災枠組 2015-2030”を採択してきた。特に、仙台枠組では、気候変動などに伴う災害の多発を受け、2030 年までに大幅に災害リスクを軽減することを目標としている。これらの枠組みを推進していくために、日本の内閣府では、2020 年に「防災×テクノロジー」タスクフォースを設置し、ICT や新たな技術を活用した防災強化を検討している。特に、この中では、発災時対応やその後の復旧・復興の迅速化や効率化、省力化に焦点を当てている。これに対して、より被害を軽減していくためには、発災前における地域の災害リスクを理解し、それに備えることが重要であり、科学的なアプローチが欠かせない。本ワークショップは、ここに焦点を当て、分野横断による検討から、リスク軽減における課題を抽出し、今後の研究や防災計画の方向性を提示することを目標としている。さらには、本ワークショップで、これからの世代を担っていく様々な分野の若手研究者を収集することで、ネットワークの醸成を促し、仙台枠組における 2030 年目標への到達に貢献する。

5

Purpose and Objective
Identification of the issues in nature and society for DRR andintroduction to advanced technique to solve them
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is one of the most important issues for the utilization ofsustainable resources and the realization of safety and secure society. DRR consists of 3 factors:
hazards based on natural process and phenomena, and vulnerability and exposure based on social
systems. Particularly, in recent disaster cases, unexpected hazards associated with climate change
and frequent earthquakes coupled with vulnerability and exposure associated with social
conditions, such as culture, land-use, agriculture, and infrastructure might have increased
damages on society. To prepare for such complexed disasters, this workshop has gathered young
scientists working in fields of society and nature to understand and find disaster risks in each fieldby the interdisciplinary approach. Then, we discuss the issues and advanced techniques for DRR.
Goal
“Providing directions for research and disaster mitigation planning” and“Developing a network of young scientists for the next generation”
for DRR to contribute to the Sendai goal of 2030
DRR has become even more important in recent years, coupled with population growth andassociated food crises. Previous global efforts to reduce disaster risk include the United Nations
General Assembly's "International Decade for Disaster Reduction" in the 1990s, the United
Nations World Conference on Disaster Reduction's "Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015" in2005, and the "Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030" has been adopted. In
particular, the Sendai Framework aims to significantly reduce disaster risk by 2030, in responseto the high incidence of disasters caused by climate change and other factors. In order to promotethese frameworks, the Japanese Cabinet Office has established a task force on "Disaster
Prevention x Technology" in 2020 to study the use of ICT and new technologies to enhancedisaster prevention. In particular, the task force focuses on speeding up, streamlining, and laborsaving in disaster response and subsequent recovery and reconstruction. On the other hand, tomitigate the damage, it is also important to understand and prepare for local disaster risks before
an event occurs, and a scientific approach is essential. Hence, the goal of this workshop is to
identify issues in DRR from a cross-disciplinary perspective, and to suggest directions for future
research and disaster prevention planning. Furthermore, the workshop has gathered young
researchers with various backgrounds, who will be responsible for the next generations to develop
a network and contribute to reaching the 2030 goals of the Sendai Framework.

6

Workshop Logo

地球を連想させる球を、自然プロセスの場を象徴した緑色と、暮らしの場を象徴した青色が絡み合う図形によって描き、各「場」が融合して生じる災害を表現しています。
地球から空に向かって飛び立つ様な緑色と青色の 2 つの軌道は、国と研究領域の壁を超えて研究者同士が連携し、自然現象・防災研究の更なる発展や、学問的なブレークス
ルーを創出するという、本ワークショップに込めた願いを表現しています。
マークの全体を囲む力強い赤色の軌道は、これからの自然現象・防災研究を支える若手研究者の姿を表現し、自然と人間とが共生しながら、より安全で豊かな未来を築いていきたいという、私たちの強い思いを託しました。
The sphere, which is reminiscent of the earth, is depicted with intertwined shapes of green
impressing the “Natural process fields” and blue impressing the “Society condition fields”, tovisually represent the disasters that occurred due to the interaction of each "Fields".
The two green and blue orbits soaring from the earth to the sky represent this workshop’s goals,
which is to trigger academic breakthroughs and further advances in the Geoscience and Disaster
Science via international and interdisciplinary collaboration of researchers.
The red orbit surrounding the entire symbol represents a young researcher who is responsible
for the future. The symbols having the rich meanings that come together to shape the logo, andour strong will that we will continue striving to realize the enriched and safety society in harmony
with the nature.

7

ワークショップにおける新型コロナウイルス感染症対策

東北大学-東京農工大学協働ワークショップ 20208

1.

ワークショップ開催の遵守事項① 都道府県知事からの施設の使用の制限・休止の要請があった際は，適切に対処する．講演会場 (東北大学 青葉山キャンパス・東京農工大学 府中キャンパス) または会場の所
在地域の学校が臨時休校を行った場合，ワークショップの休止を検討する② 新規感染者数が増加・感染がまん延している場合は，ワークショップをオンライン主体とする．オンラインのみでの開催が難しい場合は，現地参加人数を削減して，現地開催とオンライン開催を併用するなど感染拡大防止対策に努めた上で実施する③ 緊急対応のできる連絡網等を整備する④ 参加者の体調管理には十分に留意してもらうようお願いし，体調不良の場合は参加を控
えてもらう

2.

ワークショップ当日の対策① 参加者にマスク着用をお願いする．忘れた方に対してはスタッフより配付する② 受け付けは設置せず，注意事項は会場のスライドに映写する③ ワークショップ当日に検温を行い，下記に該当する場合は来場を控えてもらう 37.5 度以上の発熱があった場合 (本人の平熱より１℃以上高い場合)
 風邪症状のある場合
 味覚・嗅覚障害，息苦しさ (呼吸困難)，強いだるさ，咳，咽頭痛等の体調不良がある場合
 新型コロナウイルス感染症の陽性者と濃厚接触がある場合
 海外から入国し 14 日を経過していない場合
 海外から入国し 14 日を経過していない者と濃厚接触がある場合④ アルコール消毒液を出入口及び会場内に設置し，出入りの際などに手指消毒を徹底する⑤ 配布資料は，あらかじめ座席に置いておく．また，PDF 版のみの配布に限定する⑥ 他人と共用する物品や手が頻回に触れる箇所を最低限にする．接触が多い部分 (講演用
PC，マイクなど) は，使用者が変わるごとに消毒液 (消毒用エタノールや次亜塩素酸ナ
トリウム等) で清拭する⑦ 会場における参加者座席の間隔を 1~2 m 確保する．座席は，隣との間隔を空けて使用し，講演者との距離が近い席などは使用しない⑧ 使用できない席には，張り紙を張る⑨ 講演者の移動経路を指定し，講演者同士の不用意な接触が起こらないようにする⑩ 身体的距離の確保として，人と人との間隔は最低 1 m 開ける．対面で会話する機会はな
るべく減らし，やむを得ない場合は真正面の位置を避けて必要最小限の会話のみ行う⑪ 風通しの悪い空間を作らないようにするために定期的に換気を行う．また，感染拡大予防の観点から室内のドアを開放する場合があるため，各自で防寒用具の準備をする⑫ トイレは，感染リスクが比較的高いと考えられるため，使用時は感染対策を徹底するよ9う留意する．トイレの蓋を閉めて汚物を流すよう徹底し，使用後は手洗い及び手指の消毒を行う⑬ ゴミの廃棄について，鼻水，唾液などが付いたごみは，ビニール袋に入れて密閉して縛り，個人で持ち帰る⑭ 準備・片付けにおいては決まった人が行い，主催者管理のもと消毒作業を徹底する⑮ 会場内においては密を防ぐため，会場正定員の半数以内でワークショップを実行する⑯ 場内では，マスクを着用する．マスクの着用ができない場合は，必要最小限の会話とし，対面での会話は禁止とする⑰ 大声での会話は禁止とする⑱ エレベーターの使用は原則禁止とする⑲ ワークショップ終了後はスタッフが室内の消毒を徹底する．消毒薬はアルコール 70％以上の薬液か次亜塩素酸ナトリウム 0.05%溶液（保健所推奨濃度）を使用する

3.

終了後① 帰宅後も，体調管理に留意してもらう② 終了後に，感染が疑われる者が発生した場合は，保健所等の指示に従い，必要な情報収集・情報提供を行う

参考 URL:「催事等開催時の新型コロナウイルス感染症予防ガイドライン」
令和 2 年 6 月 16 日東北大学新型コロナウイルス感染症対策本部
https://www.bureau.tohoku.ac.jp/covid19BCP/pdf/staff/event_guidelines_ja.pdf---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------緊急連絡先【東北大学】【東京農工大学】

・迫中あやめ: ayame.sakonaka.s3@tohoku.ac.jp

・荒田洋平: oka1y8a0512@gmail.com

・新谷直己: n.araya@tohoku.ac.jp----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10

Guide to Prevent the Spread of COVID-19 Infection in the Workshop

TU-TUAT WISE Joint Workshop 2020

11

1.

Compliance Rules of the Workshop
i. When there is a request from the prefectural governor to restrict or suspend the use of facilities,
we will take appropriate measures. If the lecture hall (Tohoku University Aobayama Campus,
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Fuchu Campus) or the school in the area wherethe venue is located temporarily closes, consider suspending the workshop.
ii. If the number of newly infected people is increasing or the infection is widespread, the workshop
will be mainly online. If it is difficult to hold the event only online, reduce the number of local
participants and take measures to prevent the spread of infection, such as using both the local
event and the online event.
iii. Prepare a contact network that can provide emergency response.
iv. Participants are requested to take care of their health and refrain from participation if they are not
feeling well.

2.

Measures during the Workshop
i. Participants are requested to wear the masks. For those who have forgotten, staff will provide.
ii. No reception desk, cautions are projected on the slides in the venue.
iii. The temperature measurement of all participants will be conducted on the day of the workshop.
Refrain from participating in the following cases,
iv. The temperature is more than 37.5 °C (or 1 ° C higher than your normal temperature) or if you
have a cold symptom.
v. Illnesses such as taste or smell disturbance, breathlessness (dyspnea), severe lethargy, cough, orsore throat
vi. Close contact with a COVID-19 infected personvii. Travelled to countries/regions where the government has announced that entry restrictions, orobservation periods after entry are required or have close contact with the person concerned within
the past 14 daysviii. Set hand sanitizer in the entrance and inside the facility，To prevent infection,

disinfect yourhands when entering the venue.
ix. Put the handouts on your seat in advance. It is also limited to distribution of the PDF version only.
x. Minimize the items shared with others and the places where your hands frequently touch.
Regularly clean the parts that come into contact with each other (lecture PC, microphone, table,
chair back, door, electric switch, faucet, etc.) with a disinfectant solution (rubbing ethanol, sodium
hypochlorite, etc.) each time the speaker changes
xi. Keep a distance of 1~2 m from each seats and sit at least one seat away from anyone else. Avoid
using seats that are too close to the speaker.
xii. Put up signs on unavailable seats.

12

xiii. Designate the speaker's moving route to prevent inadvertent contact between speakers.
xiv. Keep a distance of at least 1 m from each other．Avoid face-to-face opportunities as much as
possible. If unavoidable, avoid a face-to-face position and have only minimal talking.
xv. Try to ventilate diligently so as not to create a poorly ventilated space. Since the door inside theroom may be opened from the viewpoint of preventing the spread of infection, please prepare
warm clothing.
xvi. Toilets are considered to have a relatively high risk of infection, so thorough infection control
measures should be taken when using them. Close the lid of the toilet and make sure that the filthis flushed.
xvii. Regarding the disposal of garbage, put the garbage with runny nose, saliva, etc. in a plastic bag,seal it tightly, and take it home personally.
xviii. The preparation and tidying up should be performed by the decided person, and the disinfection
work should be thoroughly carried out under the control of the organizer.
xix. In order to prevent crowding in the venue, the workshop will be held within half of the capacityof the venue.
xx. Wear a mask in the hall. For people who did not wear a mask, the minimum required conversationis allowed but face-to-face conversation is prohibited.
xxi. Avoid loud conversations

xxii. Using the elevator generally prohibitedAfter the workshop, the staff will thoroughly disinfect theroom. Use a chemical solution of more than 70% alcohol or a 0.05% sodium hypochlorite solution(concentration recommended by the public health center) as the disinfectant.

3.

After the Workshop
i. Take care of yourself after you return homeii. If participants is suspected of being infected after termination, follow the instructions of the healthcenter and provide the necessary information.

---------------------------------------------------------------Emargency contact【Tohoku University】
・Ayame Sakonaka: ayame.sakonaka.s3@tohoku.ac.jp
・Naoki Araya: n.araya@tohoku.ac.jp【Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology】
・Yohei Arata: oka1y8a0512@gmail.com----------------------------------------------------------------

13

Time schedule
Session 1: Opening remarks and Invitation (9:45 - 10:55), Chair person: Ayame SAKONAKA (TU WISE)
9:45 - 9:55

Opening remarks

Yohei ARATA (TUAT WISE)

9:55 - 10:25

Keynote

Kenta KOYANAGI (PWRI)

10:25 - 10:55 Keynote

Taku SHIONO (KPMG)

Purpose, objective, goal of the workshop
How to connect oru findings to disaster risk reduction (DRR)
BCP (Business Continuity Plannning) and utilization of digitaltechnology: Advance measurements for "natural disasters x
business" by Japanese companies
10:55 - 11:05 Coffee break

P.16
P.17

Session 2: Natural process causing disasters (11:05 - 12:05), Chair person: Ryu SATO (TUAT WISE)
Examining the Influence of Two Different Vegetation Covers
on Landslides Triggered by the 2018 Mw6.7 Eastern Iburi
Earthquake Hokkaido
Evaluating the mobility of landslides with volcanic deposits:
Rozaqqa NOVIANDI (TUAT WISE)
A case study of the 2018 Eastern Iburi earthquake, Hokkaido
Masanari ARAO (TU WISE)
Volcano - benefit and damage MPM-FEM hybrid analysis for coupling between submarine
Shaoyuan PAN (TU WISE)
landslide and tsunami
12:05 - 13:00 Lunch time

11:05 - 11:20 General

Rasis Putra RITONGA (TUAT WISE)

11:20 - 11:35 General
11:35 - 11:50 General
11:50 - 12:05 General

P.18
P.19
P.20
P.21

Session 3: Social conditions and disasters (13:00 - 14:00), Chair person: Chinatsu UKAWA (TUAT WISE)
13:00 - 13:15 General

Gina Ko (TU WISE)

13:15 - 13:30 General

Anna SHINKA (TU WISE)

13:30 - 13:45 General

Tomohiro NOMURA (TUAT WISE)

13:45 - 14:00 General

Shodai INOKOSHI (TUAT WISE)

Long-term impact of temparature rise on rice yield in Japan
The Analysis of the Tsunami Evacuation Behavior Combining
Transition of Thinking with Movement Path: The Case ofHashikami Area, Kesennuma City
A strategy for the development of surper typhoon-resistantrice varieties with strong culms
How can we secure watersources during a disaster?

P.22
P.23
P.24
P.25

14:00 - 14:10 Coffee break
Session 4: Introductions to advanced disaster countermeasures (14:10 - 15:10), Chair person: JIANG Mingjin
14:10 - 14:25 General

Ryu SATO (TUAT WISE)

14:25 - 14:40 General

Keisuke MATSUMURA (TUAT WISE)

14:40 - 14:55 General

Mboup AISSATOU (TUAT WISE)

14:55 - 15:10 General

ALJUHMANI Ahmad Ghazi (TU WISE)

Design a process on precursor of levulinic acid production fromwaste biomass under recyclable catalysis for natural disasterprevention and instead fossil foil dependence
Energy harvesting powered IoT sensor devices
Seismic retrofitting of vulerable RC building by inserting
cross-laminated timber panels inside the RC frame
Solar energy devices as a countermeasure to disasters

Session 5: Closing remarks (15:25 - 15:50), Chair person: LIU Zitong (TUAT WISE)
15:25 - 15:50 Closing remarks

Yohei ARATA (TUAT WISE)

Discussion, conclusion and summary

14

P.26
P.27
P.28
P.29

Keynote Speakers
小柳 賢太
国立研究開発法人土木研究所
つくば中央研究所 土砂管理研究グループ

Kenta Koyanagi
Volcano and Debris flow Research Team, Sediment Control
Research Group, Tsukuba Central Research Institute, Public
Works Research InstituteHe is the current enrollment of Public Works Research Institute (PWRI) after MSc in Forest
Science, University of Freiburg (Aug. 2019), MSc in Agriculture and Forestry, University ofEastern Finland (Dec. 2019), and Research fellow in Watershed Hydrology and Ecosystem
Management Laboratory in TUAT (Mar. 2020). His research interest is sustainable resource
management, particularly ecohydrology, geomorphology, natural disaster and remote sensing.
Currently, he is focusing on sediment runoff phenomena and countermeasures for large-scale
sediment disasters as Joint projects with the government and prefectures in PWRI.

塩野 拓
KPMG コンサルティング
インテリジェントオートメーション事業部
ディレクターTaku Shiono
Director in KPMG’s Japan Consulting

He is currently in the Director in KPMG’s Japan Consulting Company after completing his
Bachelor in Bio Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology. He focuses mainly on
Manufacturing/Distributor/IT/Telecommunicationindustry,

Application/Infrastructure

integration, Change management, DX (Digital Transformation) strategy planning support,
Providing business planning, BPR, RPA/AI/CRM/ERP solutions. He also lectures at seminars
and writes technical books.

15

Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

How to connect our findings to disaster risk reduction (DRR)
Kenta Koyanagi
Public Works Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan. E-mail: koyanagi-k573ck@pwri.go.jp

The importance of disaster risk reduction (DRR) has been recognized for decades both
domestically and internationally. In Japan, catastrophic typhoons and earthquakes shortly
following WWII led to the establishment of a legal framework for DRR. Internationally,
Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action for a Safer World (1994), Hyogo Framework for Action(2005-2015), Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030) have continuously
provided the pathways to build a more resistant and resilient society. Scientific advances havealso greatly contributed to DRR by offering novel and better countermeasures. In spite of theseenormous efforts, however, our society is still facing greater disaster risks owing to changing
society and climate combined with tectonic activities. Therefore, in this workshop, I would liketo discuss how we, postgraduate students and early career researchers, can become part of thedriving force for DRR based on our own findings.
My presentation provides a case of sediment disaster (土砂災害) in Japan. Beginning with thebrief introduction to Public Works Research Institute, PWRI (土木研究所), it focuses on our role,research objectives, and research activities for developing effective DRR. Next, processes andhuman activities governing sediment disasters are addressed, followed by the frequency andmagnitude of sediment disasters in Japan during recent decades. In addition, scientific advancesand emerging issues which have shaped current structural/non-structural measures against
sediment disasters are overviewed. Then, the relationship between our research activities and
DRR are discussed, highlighting a gap between our research and policy which implements
countermeasures. Three steps that might help us with bridging the gap are finally outlined mainly
based on my own experience.

16

Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

BCP (Business Continuity Planning) and utilization of digital technology: Advancemeasurements for "natural disasters x business" by Japanese companies
Taku Shiono
KPMG Consulting Co., Ltd., Otemachi financial city, Japan.
E-mail: taku.shiono@jp.kpmg.com

Nowadays, with the increase in diverse global risks such as terrorism, natural disasters, andinternal scandals, Japanese companies are facing a situation where they never know when a crisis
will occur. Once a crisis occurs, it can not only have a direct impact, but can also lead to secondary
disasters or damage to the company's reputation, depending on how it is handled.
The World Economic Forum in Davos in 2013 led to the use of the keyword "Resilience" in avariety of fields. In Japan, the introduction of the resilience certification system for companies
working on national resilience in 2016. Moreover, the BCP (Business Continuity Plan) for theheavy rains in western Japan and Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake in 2018 have served asopportunities to reaffirm the need for business continuity plans.
In this lecture, I will discuss the concept of "Resilience" and how companies should build the
BCP in the event of the various disasters from the perspective of maintaining supply chains, and
how Japanese companies should face the crisis of the disasters under the theme of "Natural
Disasters x Business".
Additionally, I focus on the strategy of applying the rapidly evolving digital technology to thenatural disasters and business, and introduce examples of solutions that Japanese companies areusing to tackle the Digital Transformation (DX) challenge.

17Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

Examining the Influence of Two Different Vegetation Covers on Landslides Triggeredby the 2018 Mw6.7 Eastern Iburi Earthquake Hokkaido
Rasis Putra Ritonga
United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo,
Japan. E-mail: rasisputra06@gmail.com

Takashi Gomi
Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan

Rozaqqa Noviandi
United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo,
Japan

A huge amount of sediments originated from thousands of landslides induced by the 2018 Mw6.7
Eastern Iburi Earthquake Hokkaido were transported downstream on hilly topography area (<500m). The landslides occurred mainly within two different vegetation types which are forested areas(FA) and logged areas (LA). The landslides frequency, size, and mobility within these different
vegetation types were examined based on GIS analysis and field survey. A total of 1440 landslide
scars were identified in an area of 18.9 km2 (87% FA and 13% LA). Landslide number density in
LA was higher (79 landslides/km2) compared in FA (76 landslides/km2). The mean landslide area
in LA (mean: 2306 m2) tended to be larger than that in FA (mean: 1762 m2). Based on the field
investigation, the mean depth of landslides in FA (1.5 m) and LA (1.4 m) were similar, while themean estimated landslides volumes in FA and LA were 3610 m3 and 6359 m3. The mean runout
distance of landslides in LA was longer (231 m) than that in FA (146 m). The greater landslides
size in LA was possibly associated with the less availability of lateral root networks to provide
more cohesive lateral hillslope reinforcement. These differences in landslide size and runout
distance in different vegetation types are important for zoning high landslides risk zones in forest
management activities.

18

Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

Evaluating the mobility of landslides with volcanic deposits: A case study of the 2018
Eastern Iburi earthquake, Hokkaido
Rozaqqa Noviandi
United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo,
Japan. E-mail: rozaqqa.noviandi@gmail.com

Takashi Gomi
Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Hefryan Sukma Kharismalatri
Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Earthquake-induced landslides (EIL) can lead to tremendous destruction of infrastructures andnatural resources. Its impacts depend strongly on landslide mobility. Numerous studies showedthat landslide mobility is significantly controlled by soil characteristics and water content.
The mobility of landslides with volcanic deposits differs from that with non-volcanic
materials. Previous studies showed that landslides with volcanic deposits have higher mobility
than those from other sub-aerial settings. However, factors that control such processes are unclear.
More than 6,000 landslides occurred by the Eastern Iburi earthquake, Hokkaido, in September
2018. These landslides transported 30 billion m3 of volcanic deposits which mainly consist of
pumice and andosol. Laboratory tests indicated numerous inner-particle voids on pumice and highorganic content on andosol. These features enable pumice and andosol to hold a substantial
amount of water.
We used a small flume apparatus to evaluate the mobility of landslides by the Eastern Iburi
earthquake (Fig. 1). We applied various degrees of saturation on pumice and andosol from dry tosaturated (S=0-1). Our experiment showed that landslide travel distance became two times higher
when the water-holding capacity of soils is exceeded (Fig. 2).
Our findings imply that such high mobility of landslide with volcanic deposits might beassociated with high water-holding capacity in soil layers. The variability of mobility might beassociated with the variability of water content in soil layers, which is related to the variability ofwater accumulation by topography and different transpiration rate of vegetation. Findings of thisstudy can be useful for developing zonation for sediment hazard mitigation.

Fig. 1 Flume apparatus

Fig. 2 Travel distance of sediment for various S

19Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

Volcano - benefit and damage Masanari Arao
Tohoku University Department Earth Science, Sendai city, Japan
E-mail: masanari.arao.s8@dc.tohoku.ac.jp

There are 111 active volcanoes in Japan and about 1,500 in the world. The definition of active
volcano is “a volcano that erupted in approximately the last 10,000 years” and/or “a volcano withvigorous fumarolic activity at present.”.
Volcanoes have a deep connection with our daily lives. For examples, volcanic activities
provide us resources (e.g, minerals and thermal energy), landscape around volcano is emotional
and important tourism attractions. On the other hand, volcanoes have a potential to cause largescale disasters. Volcanic eruptions cause disaster in various ways: eruptive product (lava flows,
volcanic gas, large projectiles, and pyroclastic flows), phenomena following eruptions (volcanic
mudflow, snowmelt lahars, large-scale mountain collapse, and tsunami), volcanic earthquakes,
and crustal deformation. Especially, large projectiles, pyroclastic flows, and snowmelt lahars
offer little lead time for evacuation after the onset of an eruption and thus are positioned as highly
hazardous volcanic phenomena in disaster prevention measures.
Volcanic eruptions which cause severe disasters occur with long intervals. Therefore,
structural measures (e.g., shelter) and volcanic sediment and erosion control projects are notsufficient to prevent and mitigate volcanic disaster. Rather, it is important to take non-structural
measures to improve awareness of local people living around volcanoes for volcanic disasters
through disaster prevention education and drills. A well-balanced combination of structural andnon-structural measures will lead to disaster prevention and mitigation measures for volcanic
disasters.

Fig. 1. “Volcanic eruption”

20Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

MPM-FEM hybrid analysis for coupling between submarine landslide and tsunami
Shaoyuan Pan
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
E-mail: pan.shaoyuan.t6@dc.tohoku.ac.jp

Yuya YamaguchiInternational Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Shuji MoriguchiInternational Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Kenjiro Terada
International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Submarine landslide is a natural phenomenon in which sediment on the submarine slope slides
down due to external forces, resulting in a series of disasters such as the cutting of submarine
cables and submarine pipelines, occurrence of obstacles in resource development facilities, andthe occurrence of large-scale tsunami. The occurrence of tsunami caused by submarine landslides
has been regarded as a global problem, and there are various research results all over the world.
However, the process of submarine landslide has not yet been well understood, due to its complex
interactions between seabed and seawater. Recently, some particle methods, such as Smoothed
Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) and Material Point Method (MPM), are proposed to analyze thecomplex interactions between solid particles and the fluid and to capture the behavior of seawaterflow due to collapse of ground. However, there are some difficulties for the representation oftsunami from the viewpoint of calculation cost and accuracy. Based on previous studies, Eulerian
methods have been confirmed to be advantageous for the tsunami simulation in comparison with
Lagrangian particle methods. Therefore, in this study, we propose a multi-physics hybrid
modeling for simulation of tsunami induced by submarine landslide. The MPM is applied to thegoverning equation of the soil phase and the FEM is applied to the governing equation of thewater phase in reference to a previous study using MPM. Several numerical examples, which
include the reproduction of a model experiment of impulsive caused by underwater landslide, arepresented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method to deal with the wide range of
behavior of multistage and multi-physics problems.

Fig. 1. Tsunami induced by submarine landslide

21

Fig. 2. MPM-FEM hybrid modelLong-term impact of temperature rise on rice yield in Japan

Yi-Chun Ko
Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. E-mail: ko.yi.chun.p1@dc.tohoku.ac.jp

Akira Hibiki
Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.

Shinsuke Uchida
Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.

Global warming is serious future risk to our society and is likely to decrease the productivityof some crops in higher temperature area. Rice is the main crop in Japan, which will be affectedby temperature rise. Hence, understanding the temperature impact on rice productivity in Japanis essential. Following Burke and Emerick (2016), we explore the long-term relationship between
temperature and rice yield in Japan. In this study we estimate the rice yield model using the citylevel panel data of northern region (Tohoku area, i.e. a lower temperature region), and southern
region (Kyushu area, i.e. a higher temperature region). We consider the threshold temperature in
formulating the model. This is because we generally observe that when the temperature exceeds
some threshold, higher temperature affects the crop yield negatively, while under the threshold,higher temperature is likely to result in higher crop yield. In this analysis, we searched thethreshold in estimation. The main findings are as follow:(1) The threshold temperature is found to be 24 Celsius.
(2) Higher temperature beyond the threshold leads to significant negative impact on rice yield,
while temperature below the threshold leads to significant positive impact on it.
(3) We found weak evidence that rice yield has an inverse U-shaped relationship with
precipitation.
(4) Using estimation result, we created a simulation of the impact of future temperature riseby 2 degree Celsius and found reduction by 8.2% in Kyushu area and promotion by 5% in Tohoku
area.

22

The Analysis of the Tsunami Evacuation Behavior Combining Transition of Thinking
with Movement Path: The Case of Hashikami Area, Kesennuma City

Anna Shinka
Graduated School of Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. E-mail: anna.shinka.r1@dc.tohoku.ac.jp

Shosuke Sato
IRIDeS (International Research Institute of Disaster Science), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

Fumihiko Imamura
IRIDeS (International Research Institute of Disaster Science), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

初期位置からの移動量
東西方向の移動距離（度）（度）

This research aims to reveal factors assist or interfere evacuation behavior by developing amethod to clarify both the change of thinking and movement path. In this study, we conducted aninterview survey to analyze the changes of evacuees' thinking from conversation during theinterview. In order to clarify the change of thinking, we coded sentences from conversation using“strongest motive”. In addition, the movement path was also analyzed from the map of theevacuation route obtained from interview. The time when evacuees arrived at and leaved eachpoint were estimated by time stamp from conversation, objective information and so on. Then,the latitude and longitude were calculated every second by linear interpolation for movements
between points that were difficult to estimate from interview.
The right figure is the one of the results of this research. The top graph is the analysis result of
movement path. The movement in the
16:00
14:46
Possibilityof tsunami
Tsunamiattack
attack
津波襲来の可能性
Possibility
sea
海側longitude B
longitude direction can be classified intoC
three clusters as a result of hierarchicalA
陸側cluster analysis and the average movement
uplandheighttendency of each cluster is shown. The
A
middle graph shows the movement
BC
tendency of the three clusters in the height
direction. The below bar graph shows thetime change of strongest motive. From these B
figures, we can clarify the movement
tendency of each cluster and find the reason
why the tendency occurred. For example, incluster B, the movement to the seaside wasseen right after the earthquake, and the C
movement to the inland and the uplandstarted at the time when the tsunami attack
might occur, from the analysis of the
movement path. From the analysis of the A
strongest motives and the character of thecluster, many people in this group moved toevacuate their family at seaside right after the■津波避難をする■家族の安全を確保する
earthquake, and many people started to■仕事の責任を果たす ■地震時に安全確保する■津波を見る■被害の確認と対応をする
evacuate the tsunami from the time when the■情報収集する■その他
tsunami attack might occur.
We would like to make definitive coding ensuring against■津波から身を守る■地震から身を守る■家族の安全を確保する
tsunami, ensuring
against earthquake,ensuring family’s safety■地域の人の安全を確保する ■情報収集をする
rule and create survey/analyzing manual to ensuring neighbor’s
safety, gathering information,others■災害対応以外の行動をする▽津波を見た時刻
conduct study in other area as a future study because results are strongly based on the case.
0.006

0.003

0

14:45

14:55

15:05

15:15

15:25

15:35

15:45

15:55

16:05

14:55

15:05

15:15

15:25

15:35

15:45

15:55

16:05

-0.003

高さ方向への移動
距離（m）-0.006

30

20

10

0
14:45
2

3

4

6

7

11

16

27

28

39

44
5

5-1
14

23

24

2- 5

34

38

1
9
10
13
18
19
29
30
31
42
43
45
48

Fig. 1. tendency of the change of moving
path and strongest motive

23

Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

A strategy for the development of super typhoon-resistant rice varieties with strong
culms
Tomohiro Nomura
Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
E-mail: s195802x@st.go.tuat.ac.jp

Taiichiro Ookawa
Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Since the "Green Revolution", rice breeding for lodging resistance has been carried out by
introducing semi-dwarf1 (sd1) gene (Sasaki et al., 2002). Semi-dwarf varieties relatively resist
lodging even under high nitrogen fertilization conditions due to the advantage of short culms. In
East and Southeast Asia, however, rising sea surface temperatures due to greenhouse gas
emissions may reduce the number of tropical cyclones but increase the size and intensity of each
one in the future (Mei & Xie, 2016; Murakami et al., 2020). Recently, the occurrence of lodging
has become a problem even in semi-dwarf varieties due to super typhoons such as the Super
Typhoon Goni that hit the Philippines (Fig. 1). Therefore, a major shift in strategy will be neededin the future, such as improving lodging resistance by strengthening culms instead of relying on
culm dwarfism.
To achieve this strategy, an extremely thick-culm and high-yielding variety, Monster Rice 1,
was developed by cross-breeding and selection using the strong-culm and high-biomass variety
Leaf Star, the strong-culm and high-yielding variety Takanari, and the high-yielding variety
Akenohoshi as parents (Nomura et al., 2019; Fig. 2). In this study, it was shown that, comparedwith Takanari, Monster Rice 1 had thicker and stronger culms. In addition, quantitative trait locus(QTL) analysis identified QTLs from Monster Rice 1 that were associated with superior strong
culm. In the future, it is important to develop varieties that can resist super typhoons by
pyramiding strong culm-associated genes, such as APO1 and FC1, which have been identified sofar (Ookawa et al., 2010; Yano et al., 2015).

Fig. 1. A semi-dwarf rice variety that was lodged by a typhoon in Philippines.

Fig. 2. Left and right canopies are Monster Rice 1 and Fukuhibiki (a semi-dwarf variety) in Japan,
respectively.

24

Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

How can we secure water sources during a disaster?
Shodai Inokoshi
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan. E-mail: s200204u@st.go.tuat.ac.jp

Takashi Gomi
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan.

Chen-wei Chiu
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan.

When disaster occur, many houses fall in water outage due to water supply facility destroyed.
For example, by 2011 Tohoku earthquake, up to 2 million homes were water outage and water
outage could be continued for nearly one month in some cases. In addition, the heavy rain in theJuly of this year caused water outage more than 30000 houses widespread in Japan. [Fig.1]. That
is to say, water security is one of the most important issue during a disaster.
When it comes to securing water in a disaster, it is important to consider the water requirement(amount of water, water quality and location). Our water use can be divided two types, drinking
water and domestic water (water for washing and toilet etc.). During the emergency situation,
drinking water with 3 litter per days and domestic water (water for washing and toilet etc.) with
20 litter per day per person is required. Drinking water can be supplied by emergency watertransport and stored by local and household water stocks. On the other hand, domestic water istypically shorted because it is required more water than drinking water although not as highquality as drinking water is required. Also, because the water is heavy, the place where the water
can be secured must be in close. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the close sources ofdomestic water that can ensure us sufficient water and be available during disaster.
One of the possible candidates for such a water source is water runoff from mountain. I am
learning about forest hydrology, which deals with the water cycle in mountainous area. The
purpose of this presentation is to give an overview of water use under previous water outage
during disaster, and to propose mountainous groundwater as a source of domestic water inemergency from knowledge of forest hydrology.

Fig.1. Number of houses of water outages after Tohoku earthquake Tohoku occurred March 11, 201125

Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

Design a process on precursor of levulinic acid production from waste biomass underrecyclable catalysts for natural disaster prevention and instead fossil foil dependence
Ryu Sato
Department of Food and Energy Systems Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan. E-mail: s193388w@st.go.tuat.ac.jp

Chihiro Fushimi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.

Renewable energy and chemical production technologies have been extensively developed toreduce CO2 emission and mitigate the depletion of fossil fuel resources. Biomass, which can beused for not only fuel resources but also chemical resources, has a potential to replace petroleum.
Levulinic acid (LA), which was selected as one of the top 12 valuable chemicals by the National
Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) (Werpy et al., 2004), is a promising platform organic acidin sugar-based biorefinery because LA can be produced relatively easily from cellulose. It can bealso converted to fertilizers, pharmaceuticals for cancer treatment, solvents, polymers, andbiofuels that do not need engine modifications (Alonso et al., 2013; Christensen et al., 2011; Kasar
et al., 2018; Cherubini, 2010; Wettstein et al., 1995; Inoue, 2017; Mukherjee et al., 2015; Heda etal., 2019; Song et al., 2019; Song et al., 2018). Therefore, biomass to LA conversion technologies
has attracted great attention. Recently, mineral acid and metal chloride is studied actively for
producing LA from biomass. A process of LA precursor production is attracting attention in sametime. However, to prevent natural disaster has becoming more important due to the climatechanging. Here, the precursor of LA such as aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and diphenolic acid
(DPA) have a potential to contribute the disaster countermeasures via renewable resources. In thisworkshop, presenter is introducing for the how LA precursor can prevent natural disaster and thefuture prospective of zero–waste process on LA precursor production process to reduce the fossil
resources dependence.

Fig. 1. The contribution of LA precursor production process to disaster countermeasures

26

Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

Energy harvesting powered IoT sensor devices
Keisuke Matsumura
Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Tokyo, Japan. E-mail: kmatsumura234@gmail.com

Continuous observation of the natural environment plays an essential role in predicting theoccurrence of natural disasters. Installing many sensors, such as those upstream of a river, andcontinuously collecting local data will enable highly accurate hazard prediction. Such devices,such as sensors connected to the Internet, are called the Internet of Things (IoT) devices, which,in combination with data science technologies, are expected to be an effective way to utilize theinformation that has not been converted to data. Nowadays, development tools are easy for
beginners to use, and it is relatively easy to create an IoT device and a system to collect andanalyze data. However, a little knowledge about electronic devices, cloud services, andprogramming is required for their development. In this presentation, we will introduce a methodof building a system for sensing. Specifically, we will describe a design using an AWS cloudserver and a wireless communication module called ESP32. Besides, this presentation will
introduce energy harvesting as a method of power supply in the natural environment. How to
obtain continuous power in the open air is a significant challenge. A system that combines BLE
and intermittent operation can dramatically reduce the power consumption of devices and enable
them to operate with low power from ambient power.
ESP32
Broadcaster

ESP32
Gateway

BLE
Broadcast

2F 5.4V

EnergyHarvestMAX 5V

Deep Sleep

Wi-Fi

AmazonWeb
Service cloudSensors

Broadcaster

Gateway

M icro CPU+ Plant battery or Solar battery+ Supercapacitors+ Sensors (light, temp, etc.)
Functions• Sensing• Data sending (BLE)

M icro CPU+ Stable power supply
Functions• Data receiving (BLE)• Data sending (Wi-Fi)

Cloud server
AWS cloud+ IoT interface+ Data streaming controller+ Database+ Analytical engine
Functions• Data receiving (Wi- Fi)• Database• Data analysis

Fig. 1. The architect of the IoT system on AWS

27

Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

Solar energy devices as a countermeasure to disasters
Aissatou Mboup
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan. E-mail: dadamboup@hotmail.fr

Atsushi Akisawa
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Disasters are now part of our everyday life in Japan and around the world. And we are neverprepared enough for them. It also seems that only when disaster strikes, we realize the extent towhich we rely on electrical power and heat. Cooking, refrigeration, furnace operation, pumpingof gasoline, and even recharging of laptop computers and cellular phones, all require electricity
or heat. What we can do is prevention that means thinking in advance about what may happen,
plan and design to lessen the damages.
The advantage of solar energy is that it’s available everywhere for free, it is clean and can betransformed in electricity or heat. In this session, we will talk about the topic of solar energy
devices. What is solar energy? What kind of solar devices exist? What are their possible
applications? How can we use them as a countermeasure to disasters? Taking as an example what
happen in Chiba in October 2019, after the typhoon, some people had to wait for weeks before
getting back to normal life after power and water outages due to the fallen big trees and so on.
Now, imagine having a solar device or multiple solar devices that can be used either individuallyor in communities to fix these problems or to give an alternative while people are waiting. Thatis very possible, and some solar devices are already being used in disaster-hit regions and shelters
as shown in Fig.1. Feel free to join us to find out more!

a)b)Fig. 1.a) Solar panels for Off-Grid and Disaster-Hit Regions. b) Solar collectors installed on a roof

28Natural Disasters and Their Countermeasuresfrom the Perspective of the Interrelationship
Between Human and Nature:

Seismic retrofitting of vulnerable RC building by inserting cross-laminated timber
panels inside the RC frame
Ahmad Ghazi Aljuhmani
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, aljehmani@rcl.archi.tohoku.ac.jp

Hamood Alwashali
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.

Masaki Maeda
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.

Existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings built before 1981 in Japan have suffered severe
damage repeatedly in recent earthquakes such as the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and 2016
Kumamoto Earthquake as seen in Fig.1. This problem of existing RC buildings is also a problem
worldwide such as the 2009 L'Aquila Earthquake in Italy and the 2015 Nepal Earthquake as seenin Fig.2. In addition to the seismic vulnerability problem, global warming and environmental
issues also urge sustainable and eco-friendly materials for improving the seismic capacity of RC
buildings to avoid severe earthquake damage. This research aims to reduce earthquake disasterrisk by improving the seismic capacity of vulnerable RC buildings by strengthening with Crosslaminated timber (CLT) panels which are a practical eco-friendly retrofitting scheme. Specificallyspeaking, this research develops retrofitting techniques using the CLT infill panel method.
The existing methods of retrofitting RC buildings are expensive, take time, and are not ecofriendly materials that emit a lot of heat and carbon dioxide and worsen global warming.
Therefore, the main goal of this study is to strengthen the seismic capacity of RC frames, eitherbare frame or by replacing the URM (unreinforced masonry infill) using a practical, eco-friendly,and economical method. This research proposes a retrofit scheme of RC building by installingcross-laminated timber (CLT) panels as shown in Fig. 3 inside the RC frames which will increase
both strength and ductility. A schematic diagram of the overall test loading frame is shown in
Fig.3. The retrofitted RC frame with CLT panels will be tested under cyclic loadings.

Fig. 2. Damaged RC building in Nepal EQ.

Fig. 1. Damaged RC building in Kumamoto EQ.

Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of loading setup.

Fig. 4. Expected performance of retrofitted RC frame.

29東京農工大学卓越大学院プログラム（プログラ
ム名：「超スマート社会」を新産業創出とダイ
バーシティにより牽引する卓越リーダーの養
リ
ー
ダ
ー
の
養
成

テ
ィ
に
よ
り
牽
引
す
る
卓
越

産
業
創
出
と
ダ
イ
バ
ー
シ

「
超
ス
マ
ー
ト
社
会
」
を
新

成）では“新産業創出”と“ダイバーシティ”を特色とし、農学と工学が協創し、民間企業や海外研
究教育機関等と協力して、“先端工学技術によって実現する農業流通革命に資する新産業創出”を一つの課題テーマ例とし、様々な研究分野における研究テーマを自由度高く設定して高度博士
人材の養成に取り組みます。
成長産業としての農業、エネルギー、AI・IoTをはじめ、多様な分野で連携企業等との“新産業創出コンソーシアム”を組織し、卓越したイノベーションリーダーを養成
します。

新産業創出

ダイバーシティ 多様性（性別・国籍・言語・社会経験など）を重視した大学院教育に取り組み、男女共に、国内外の多様な場で活躍する卓越した博士人材を育てます。

農工協創

農
土地利用
感染症

育種・品種
野生動物

植物工場

大気汚染

協
創

センシング

ロボット
イオン液体
AI

機密農業

食品機能
森林科学
土壤・水資源国立大学法人 東京農工大学
学務課教育支援室
http://www.wise.tuat.ac.jp/

IoT

自然エネル
ギー制御

キャパシタ

イメ-ジング技術
ビッグデータ
バイオ素材〒183-8538
東京都府中市晴見町3-8-1
E-mail: girkikaku@m2.tuat.ac.jp

The Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology(TUAT) WISE Program (Program name: Excellent Leader
Development for Super Smart Society by New Industry Creation
and Diversity) The characteristic of the WISE Program is that it

Excellent Leader

Development for Super

Smart Society by New

Industry Creation andDiversity

features the creation of new industries and diversity. One of theProgram’s themes is the creation of new industries thatrevolutionize agriculture and distribution through the applicationof high engineering technology. This is achieved through agriengineer collaboration, and cooperation with private companies
and overseas research / educational institutions. The Program
seeks to nurture advanced PhDs, with scholars having great
freedom in setting their research theme from various researchareas.

Creation of
New Industries

The Consortium for the Creation of New Industries is established withcooperation companies, etc., from a wide range of fields, including growthindustries such as agriculture, energy, AI and IOT, to nurture brilliant
innovation leaders.
The WISE Program engages in graduate education that emphasizes

Diversity

diversity (gender, nationality, language, social experience, etc.). It nurtures
brilliant male and female PhDs who will be active in various arenas both in

Collaboration ofAgriculture andEngineering

Japan and abroad.

Agriculture
Soil Management
Capacitor
COLLABORATION
Infection
Robot
Nutrition
Wild Animal
Ionic Liquid
Plant factory
Smart Agriculture
Functional Food

Soil and WaterAI

IoT
Big Data

Forest Technology
Breeding

Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Student Support Office,Educational Affairs Division
http://www.wise.tuat.ac.jp/

Energy Control〒183-8538
3-8-1 Harumicho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo
E-mail: girkikaku@m2.tuat.ac.jp

Sensing
Imaging
Technology
Bio Materials

世 仲
界 間

地
球

学
か び
れ 、
る 現
。
場

学

で
磨

に を

で

鍛
え

ら
れ
、

背景

び

、
未
来
を
見
つ

め
る
。

災害の多くは、環境要因と社会的な要因が複合して発生します。とりわけ近年
では、災害が社会条件により、様々な様相を呈する傾向にあります。一方で、多様なリスクを低減し、安全で安心できる持続可能な社会を構築し、変動地球と共生していくためには、自然災害、資源、環境、エネルギーなどといった課
題に取り組む必要があります。複雑化し、多岐にわたるリスクと向き合う高度専門人材、実践力を基軸に多角的能力を発揮する個性が待望されています。
人材像

スノークリスタル型人材
東北大学
変動地球共生学卓越大学院プログラム

プログラムの特徴
３つの教育方針：仲間から学ぶ、現場から学ぶ、世界から学ぶ
実践型文理融合教育、民間企業・団体との協育、国際教育を通じて、
スノークリスタル型人材を育成し、社会の期待と産官学の要請に応じえていきます。
世界的防災・減災戦略との連携
震災の経験を知見に編み、優れた人材の供給を通じて、「仙台防災枠組」の実現に貢献していきます。
多様なキャリアパス
大学・研究機関、グローバル企業、官公庁、国際機関など、多様なセクターで活躍します。
変動地球共生学卓越大学院プログラム支援
事務室E-mail syde-office@grp.tohoku.ac.jp
SyDE Website https://www.syde.tohoku.ac.jp/

Learn the Earth, Find the future.

Study in diversity, on the job,from the world.

Background

Many disasters are caused by a combination of environmental and social factors. Particularly in recent
years, the social factors have led disasters to assume various forms. In order to reduce apparent andhidden risks in the human society, build a safe and secure sustainable society and live on the dynamic
Earth, issues such as natural disasters, resource deficit, environment protection, and energy generationneed to be tackled. Advanced experts who face complex and diverse risks and employ their multifacetedskills practically are desired.
The ideal candidate

Characteristics of the Program
Three educational policies: learn from peers,
train on site, and become refined in the world
Through practical education combining the humanities
and sciences, cooperative education with private
business and groups and international education, thesnow Crystal -like map of human traits are fostered.
Thus, the expectations of the society and needs of theindustry, government, and academia can be met.

Collaboration for global disaster prevention andreduction strategies
In the future, through our resources and expertise, wewill contribute to help achieve the targets of the Sendai
Disaster Prevention Framework.

Diverse career paths
Snow Crystal -like map of human traits
Tohoku University
WISE Program for sustainability in the Dynamic Earth

Play an active role in various sectors, such asuniversities and research institutions, global companies,
government offices, international organizations.
Support Office of the WISE Program for Sustainability in the
Dynamic Earth E-mail syde-office@grp.tohoku.ac.jp
SyDE Website https://www.syde.tohoku.ac.jp/