Japan's government policy andpromotion on mm wave
MASHIKO Takanori
Director of Land Mobile Communications
Division, MIC
31th May 2024

Contents• 5G Services and Policies• Deployment of Local 5G• Toward Beyond 5G

5G Services and Policies

Overview of 5G Services and Policies in Japan
FY20192020

2021

Frequency
assignment

Services(5G deployment)

Commercial Nationwide deployment
services
services start in all
began inprefectures
Pre-commercialMar. 2020
within 2 years.
services(Sept. 2019)

Rugby World Cup

2023-Population
coverage ratio goals- FY2023: 95%- （Achievements FY︓2022 96.6％）- FY2030: 99%

Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic GamesRegulations

Preparations for additional 5G
Frequency Assignment/Promotion

Local 5G institutionalization/Promotion

Technology5G ComprehensiveExperiments（FY2017-FY2019）

2022★May 2022:
Assignment of 2.3GHz band

Various 5G services

Local 5G
Comprehensive Experiments（FY2020-FY2022）

R&D for Upgrading ５G

3

TowardBeyond 5G / 6G

Trends in the number of mobile subscribers in Japan4

 5G subscribers in Japan is about 81 mil., 37% of total subs., over 60% population penetration.
 5G population coverage is 96.6%(FY2022). Aiming at 99.9% by the end of FY2030.
（unit：1 million ）180152.62

160
140

３Ｇ

154.33

ＬＴＥ５Ｇ

138.95

136.64130.05120127.35

125.19122.92120.88

10080
60

63.16
41.17

40

74.76

80.54

86.51

45.12
32.25
25.84

20

69.81

0.02

18.92

14.23

14.33

13.53

12.78

12.12

11.41

Sep 2022

Dec 2022

Jun 2023

（3Q）

（4Q）

（ 1QFY23 ）Sep 2023（2QFY23）

Dec 2023（3QFY23）

0Mar 2019

Mar 2020

Mar 2021

Mar 2022

Note 1: The number of LTE subscribers includes the number of cell phone subscribers for which both 3G and LTE are available.
Note 2: The number of 5G subscribers includes the number of cell phone subscribers for which both LTE and 5G are available.

Increase in mobile communications traffic5 Further spread of 5G is required, including the use of high frequency bands that cansecure a wide band.
Trends in Japan's mobile communications traffic(monthly average)

Forecast of future mobile communication traffic in
Japan (annual total)(PB)(Gbps)

Approximately 20 times
in the last 10 years(Annual average increaseof approximately 34.4%)

7,000

6,000

20,00017,73418,000Approximately 1.3 times
in the past year

Forecasted to increase

16,0005,000

approximately 14 times over the 10

14,000years from 2020 to 2030

12,0004,000

10,000
3,000

8,000
2,000

6,000

1,000

4,000
2,000

1,285

Jun-22

Dec-22Jun-21

Dec-21

Jun-20（Source）Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications：Mobile communication traffic in Japan（December 2020）

Dec-20Jun-19Dec-19Jun-18Dec-18Jun-17

Dec-17

Jun-16

Dec-16Jun-15

Dec-15Jun-14

Dec-14Jun-13

Dec-13Jun-12

Dec-12

Jun-11

Dec-11

Jun-10Dec-1000
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
（ prediction ）（ Source ）Beyond 5G Promotion Consortium White Paper Subcommittee：Beyond 5G White Paper

5G frequency allocation status6

 In Japan, Sub6 (3.7/4.5GHz band) and millimeter wave (28GHz band) was allocated in2019 to secure wide bands for 5G.
 Various countries have also allocated a wide range of frequencies for 5G, but there arevariations in millimeter waves.
5G frequency allocation status in major countries(Source)Mitsubishi Research InstituteStatus of mobile phone frequency allocation in JapanLow band
(1GHz or less)

As of May 2023（ unit ：MHz）

Mid band (1.7~ Sub6
(3.7/4.5Low band (700~ 3.5GHz)
GHz)
900MHz)505050190
(※1)

180

170

80 100(※2)

0Millimeter wave
(above 20GHz)(28GHz)

400

200

400

200

400

800

Averagepercompany

Frequency band

164MHz 28GHz

US

2.5GHz、3.45GHz、
3.5GHz、3.7GHz

181MHz2.3GHz、
20MHz 3.4GHz-3.6GHz、
3.6GHz-3.8GHz

400MHz1426MHz78MHz 26GHz*、40GHz*

1563MHz*

3.4GHz-3.8GHz

78MHz

DE

2GHz、3.6GHz

123MHzKR

3.4GHz-3.7GHz

93MHz 26GHz-28GHz

CN

2.6GHz and manyothers140MHz600MHzAveragepercompany

24GHz、28GHz、
39GHz

FRCA※1 Of these, 40MHz is only for the Tokyo, Nagoya, and Osaka areas.
※2 Of these, 40MHz is only for areas other than Tokyo, Nagoya, and Osaka.

Frequency band
1.7GHz、2.3GHz、3.7GHz、4.5GHz

AU 900MHz

400

Averagepercompany

Millimeter wave
(above 20GHz)JP

UK 700MHz

400

100

Frequencyband

Mid band・Sub6(More than 1GHz and less than6GHz)

18MHz 3.6GHz

44MHz 26GHz、28GHz

20MHz 2.5GHz、3.5GHz

15MHz

26GHz*、28GHz*、
38GHz*

800MHz741MHz1417MHz*＊:Scheduled to be allocated. The average of the four major companies in the UK and the three major companies in Canada.
Note 1: Extracted the main bands since 2018, when frequency allocation for 5G began.
Note 2: If the allocation width varies by region, a weighted average of bandwidth is calculated based on the population ofeach region.

Usage status of 5G frequencies (international comparison)7

 The development of 5G base stations(BS) is progressing rapidly in each country.
Regarding millimeter wave BS, Japan has the second highest rate after the United States.
 Population coverage is around 90% in many major countries, but actual usage (traffic) islimited.
5G coverage and traffic

Percentage of BS below 6GHz
2020

2022

2,022

80%

40
41.4

38.2
24.1

23.8

20.0

32.3

31.3

29.6

23.0
6.9

13.2

11.7

20

17.6
4.8

13.9
2.4

0%

100KR

CNDEITFRCAAUUSGB

JP(Right axis: Number of base stations below 6GHz per 10,000 people)

Percentage of millimeter wave band BS
2020

8%

2022

40%

KR

30%

CNAU

3
2

7.5
3.3
1.3

0.2

1.4

1
0.3 0.9

0.2 0.6

0%0US● 2021

20%

2,022

14.6

16%

50%

30

39.4

KR

● 20205G traffic percentage

47.7

share in mobile traffic

49.1
40%

60%5062.0JPKRAUIT(Right axis: Number of millimeter wave base stations per 10,000 people)

10%

CN JP
FR0%30%40%

ITGBAUCA

FR50%60%

USGBJPCAITDE

US70%

80%

DE90%

100%

5G population coverage(Source) All created by Mitsubishi Research Institute based on Omdia data

Dissemination status of millimeter wave compatible terminals
 In the US, 65% of devices are millimeter wave compatible.
 In Japan, the rate is only 2.4%, partly because the iPhone series, which hasa high market share, does not support millimeter waves.
Percentage of sales of millimeter wave
compatible terminals

Compatible frequencies by smartphone sales country
5G compatibleVendor
name

80%

US

64.7%

Apple

59.6%

60%

OPPO
40%

JPUSAU

Millimeter wave
compatible
JPUSAU○

○

○

○

○
○
○
○

○
○
○
○

○
○
○
○

○
○

Google Pixel 7 Pro

○

○

○

Google Pixel 7○○○

Galaxy S22 Ultra
Galaxy S22
AQUOS zero6
AQUOS sense7
Xperia Pro
Xperia 1 IV

○○
○
○
○
○

○
○ーー○
○

○
○ーーーー

Product name
iPhone14/Pro/
Pro Max/plus
iPhone13iPhone12
iPhone SE (3rd)OPPO Find X3 Pro○Google20.5%
Samsung20%

JP
0.0%0%
2019

0.0%
2020

0.0%
2021

※2.4%
2022
※Estimated value（source）Created by Mitsubishi Research Institute fromdata from Omdia

Sharp
Sony○
○
○
○

○
（※）
○
（※）
○
○ーー○
○

○ーーーー

○：compatible ー：not clear（There is no sales page on the local website, etc.）※Millimeter wave compatible models and non-millimeter wave compatible models coexist（source）Created by Mitsubishi Research Institute from each company's website

8

“5G Business Design Action Plan” - List of initiatives by the MIC to expand 5G businessbased on the discussions of the “5G Business Design Working Group”

Infrastructure development

Use case creation

Developing infrastructure that allows users
to experience the features of 5G by utilizing
a wide range of frequency bands

Promoting social implementation of 5G
more than just a demonstration experiment Promoting investment
related to thedevelopment of 5G basestations
 Promoting non-terrestrial
network (NTN) service
deployment
 Ensuring cybersecurity,safety, and reliability

 Promoting 5G socialimplementation
 BtoC, BtoBtoC marketexpansion

 Promoting the advancement of 5G compatible equipment
 Promoting the spread of 5G compatible terminals and millimeter wave compatible terminals

Promote the spread of advanced and inexpensive equipment and terminals

Popularization of devices and terminals

Designing a conditional auction system to meet diverse needs

Establishment of a “conditional auction” system to encourage the participation of diverse players and promote innovation andnew service creation in the new allocation of millimeter wave bands (26/40 GHz bands) by the end of FY2025

9

Deployment of Local 5G

Local 5G

11

 “Local 5G” is private network using 5G technology installed/operated by various entities, suchas local enterprises or governments, to flexibly establish their own networks within their own
facilities and premises.
 28GHz band was allocated to Local 5G network for the first time in December 2019 and sub6
band was allocated in December 2020.
 Local 5G, unlike carrier 5G services, provides:
 Customized networks with flexible specifications that meet usersʼ needs
 More secure networks with less latency
Operates as a private 5G network
inside facilities and premises

General Construction

Remote Control

Agriculture

Smart Agriculture

Construction
sites

Agriculture
Distant Control
Infrastructure Monitoring

Smart Agriculture

Factory Operator

Smart Factory

Local Government
Remote Monitoring

Smart Factory
River Supervision

Factories

Disasterprevention

Sensors, 4K/8K Cameras

Local 5G Scenarios

12 Local 5G network allows the flexible change of the following 5G specifications to meetthe usersʼ use cases.
 eMBB;enhanced Mobile Broadband
 URLLC; Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications
 mMTC; machine Type Communications

8K videos transmission
Smart Home/Building

Smart Agriculture

Areas targeted by mobileoperators

Smart factories, remotecontrol of machinery
Mission critical application
Automatic Pilot

Reference: Recommendation ITU-R M.2083 “IMT Vision” in September 2015

Current Status of Local 5G

13 170 entities have been licensed as of April 2024 including 165 using sub6 band, 27
using mmWave.
Number stations of Local 5G(Stations)

120010761000

sub-6mmWave
ミリ波

800600400200690(Source) MIC : The Radio Use Web Site

Examples of Local 5G use caseSub 6 Band Autonomous terminal shuttle bus operation(equivalent to Level 4) in airport restrictedareas. (Narita Airport)
 Efficient and labor-saving snow removal andgrassland management in vast pasturesutilizing drones and unmanned robotic
tractors controlled by Local 5G network.
mmWave Band Improvement of efficiency and safety ofmaintenance work in expressway tunnels
utilizing 4K camera, AI, and Local 5Gnetwork.
 Realization of remote work support using
HMD,MR technology, and Local 5G network.

1414

Promotion of Local 5G

15

Promotion of Local 5G
 Guidelines for the Introduction of Local 5GMIC

The overview of Local 5G, the license application procedure,
the concept of cooperation with nation wide operators andothers, rule to use on premises of others Local 5G License Application Assistance Manual5GMF

Technology Development
 Field trials for Local 5G

Deployment（FY2020 - 2022）MIC

To acquire radio wave propagation characteristics in anenvironment with a large number of base stations and terminals
in order to create solutions for utilizing local 5G, etc.

Toward Beyond 5G

Efforts on Beyond 5G/6G

17

 Many countries have issued 6G white papers and have started to conduct R&D on 6G.
 ITU has started discussing standardization on IMT-2030 (Beyond 5G/6G).

EU・Horizon 2020
・Hexa-X ProjectFinland
・6G Flagship・12 White Papers on 6GJapan・ XGMF (a merged organization of5GMF and B5GPC)

GermanyKorea

・6G Kom Project・6G Promotion Strategy
・6G Global

China
United States
・Next G Alliance

ITU・Future Technology Trends (Rep.)
・IMT 2030 Framework (Rec.)・White Paper on 6G・IMT-2030 Promotion GroupKey Features for Beyond 5G18

 Use cases for Beyond 5G: XR, telepresence, Digital Twin, etc.
 Beyond 5G/6G has further upgraded functionality from 5G and will have new features suchas ultra low power consumption, autonomy, scalability and ultra security and resiliency.
Further Upgrade of 5G Features

Beyond 5G/6G

Advanced mobile core tech.

Ultra Low Latency

Ultra Fast & Large Capacity

Ultra Numerous Connectivity(Ultra mMTC*)(Ultra URLLC*)(Ultra eMBB*)

THz Communications

5G
Ultra low power
consumption

eMBB

URLLC

mMTC

For IoT communications

Autonomy

Scalability

AI utilization

HAPS

New features will contribute togenerating sustainable new values

Ultra security andresiliency
Enhanced RAN privacy/security

Beyond 5G Promotion Strategy1919

The Beyond 5G Promotion Strategy features:① Realize Society 5.0, toward an Inclusive, Sustainable, and Dependable society expected in 2030s.
② Emergency measures against COVID-19 and measures for post-COVID-19, backcasting from Society 5.0.

Basic Principles
Global First• Considering the domestic market to
be a part of the global market;
Attract global talent, aiming forinteractivity of human resources

Ecosystem Driving
Innovation

Focused Resource
Allocation• Design systems that activelyencourage free and agile efforts
by diverse players.

• Concentrate resources on prioritizedmeasures to promote effective
participation in global collaboration

Government and private sectors collaborate under international cooperation

R&D

Intensive investment for advanced
technology and drastic openingspectrum

IP & Standardization
Strategic promotion of
openness/defactization andcollaboration with international
strategic partners

World-class
R&D Environment

Reducing supply chain risks andcreating market entry opportunities

Game Change

Establish CoreTechnologies fromaround 2025

Above 10% Share of
Essential Patents for
Beyond 5G

Speedy and smooth implementation of Beyond 5G

Deployment

Deploying networks throughout
society and promoting
industrial/public use throughdemonstration of 5G solutions

Beyond-5G-ReadyEnvironment

New Value Added of44T JPY* by FY2030* 400B USD(1USD=110JPY)

Strengthen international cooperation

20“Beyond 5G ready showcase” at Expo 2025 Osaka, Kansai, Japan 20“Beyond 5G ready showcase”•Schedule : Approximately 2 weeks in late May 2025 (TBD)•Overview :Large-scale exhibition where people from around the world can experience
Japanese Beyond 5G technology.
The exhibits that enable visitors to experience and imitate how their lives
will change with Beyond 5G in various themes, including daily life scenes
such as home, school, and work, transportation by car or airplane, sports
and art appreciation, underwater, and outer space.

Expo 2025 Osaka, Kansai, Japan••

Schedule : 184 days from April 13 to October 13, 2025
Venue: Yumeshima, Osaka©Japan Association for the 2025 World Exposition

Image of "Beyond 5G ready showcase"

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION