Summary of Terminal Evaluation
1. Outline of the ProjectCountry：People's Republic of China

Project title：
Project on Human resource Development in Western Regionof China
Issue/Sector：Conservation-Sustainable Use Cooperation scheme：Technical Cooperation Projectof Natural Resources
Division in charge: JICA China officeTotal cost：about 267 million Yen
Period ofMar.1, 2010 - Feb.28, 2014 Partner Country’s Implementing Organization：
Cooperation
State Academy of Forestry Administration, Provincial/
Autonomous region Bureau of Forestry and Forestry
Academy of pilot provinces (Sichuan, Shaanxi, Ningxia andGuangxi)
Supporting Organization in Japan：Forestry Agency
1-1 Background of the Project
Western region of People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as “China”) has the water
source points of Chang Jiang and the Yellow river, thus, the region is regarded a crucial location interms of environmental protection. While its importance, the western region of China has scarce forestry
resources, and desertification in the region has seriously been continued. Although it is recognized theimportance of promoting environmental protection in the western China, a series of actions forenvironmental protection including afforestation had been facing difficulties because of severe climate
conditions such as dry/highlands/chilly climate, and a lack of human resources.
Most forests in China are either collective forest, which is managed by local people (groups), or
national forest; therefore, these forests need to be managed in proper manner for enhancing forest
protection. In this line, the Chinese government placed importance onto the promotion of Reform ofcollective forest right system, and Reform and development on national forest farm. However, the paceof promoting these reforms was not so fast as expected due to severe natural conditions in the regions
and insufficient number of human resources who can deal with these reforms implementation.
In this context, a project implementation was requested by the Chinese government, whose objective
is to develop an effective training system for forestry sector personnel on Reform of collective forest
right system, and Reform and development on national forest farm. In response to this request, JICA
started to implement the Project, namely “Project on Human resource Development in Western Regionof China” from March 2010 to February 2014.
1-2 Project Overview(1) Overall Goal:
Reform of collective forest right system, and Reform and development on national forest farm
are promoted in western region of China through dissemination of the training system on bothreforms, which targets forestry sector personnel at county and/or lower administration levels.
(2) Project Purpose:
Training system for forestry sector personnel at county and/or lower administration levels isdeveloped through the activities at pilot provinces and autonomous regions. The developed system
is to promote Reform of collective forest right system, and Reform and development on national
forest farm, whose system can be applied to the western region of China.
* Pilot area: Sichuan, Shaanxi, Ningxia and Guangxi(3) Outputs:
1) Cooperation and coordination among related departments and organizations of forestry bureausof provinces and autonomous regions are strengthened for trainings on both reforms at pilotareas.
2) Training system for forestry sector personnel at county and/or lower administration levels isdeveloped at pilot area.
3) Information sharing and exchange on the reform’s policy, good practices, references and thetraining system is enhanced through various manners.

i(4) Inputs
Japanese side：
Long-term Expert 5 persons
Equipment
3,461,000 Yuan
Short-term Expert 7 persons
Local cost 80,633,000 Yen
Trainees received 25 persons
Chinese Side：Counterpart (C/P) 58 persons Local Cost
6,536,000 Yuan
2. Evaluation Team
Members ofLeader
Deputy Director, JICA China OfficeEvaluation
Forestry
Director, International Forestry
Teammanagement
Cooperation Office, Forest Agency

Miyazaki Suguru
Akahori Satoshi

Forestry sector
training

Executive Technical Advisor to theDirector General Global Environment
Department, JICA Headquarters

Goseki Kazuhiro

Evaluation
planning

JICA China Office

Hayashi Kenji

Evaluation
planning

JICA China Office

Li Feixue

Evaluation
Analysis

Sano Planning Co., LtdTotsukawa Jun

Period ofOctober 20, 2013 –November 5, 2013 Type of Evaluation：Terminal Evaluation
Evaluation
3. Results of Evaluation
3-1 Accomplishment of the Project3-1-1 Achievement of the Outputs(1) Output 1：Achieved1) Leaders groups were established, which were composed of manager and director classpersonnel of line departments and organizations at pilot areas.
2) Leaders groups and forestry academies hold coordination meetings before and after trainings
for the purpose of reporting the results and gaining lessons for the continuous actions.
(2)

Output 2：To be achieved by the end of project period[Reform of collective forest right system]
1) Training curricula and texts for county level personnel on the reform was developed 4 setseach.
2) Trainings were conducted at each forestry academy for county level personnel as well as thelevel at township and town. The number of the participants and trainings is 951 persons and22 times each as of November 2013.
[Reform and development on national forest farm]
1) Training curricula and texts for both forest farm directors and technical officers on thereform will be developed 4 sets each by January 2014.
2) Trainings were conducted at each forestry academy for county level personnel. The numberof the participants and trainings is 1,053 persons and 23 times each as of November 2013.
[Both reforms]
1) The participants of the trainings understand the contents well, whose 99% answered“understand” according to the training evaluation results. In addition, 99% of them haveconducted extension training, which is to disseminate their learning contents to theircolleagues. Monitoring survey for the effectiveness of training was conducted in 2012.

(3)

Output 3: To be achieved by the end of project period.
1) The Project team exchanged opinions with the State Forestry Administration on the reformof forestry rights. In addition, training for leaders of provinces, and seminars on Reform ofcollective forest right system, and Reform and development on national forest farm wereii

conducted twice each.
2) The Project started its homepage in JICA web site in 2011, and updated the project news,and related data and information.
3-1-2 Achievement of the Project Purpose (To be achieved by the end of project period)
1) Each forestry academy of provinces and autonomous regions of pilot area made “Trainingimplementation manual” and “Training system manual”, taking consideration of its own
regional condition.
2) Each forestry academy of provinces and autonomous regions of pilot area will develop training
curricula and texts on both reforms by January 2014.
3-1-3 Achievement of the Overall Goal (prospect)
The overall goal is possibly achieved by the target period.
The State Forestry Administration has a plan to deliver its opinion regarding enhancement oftraining for forestry sector leaders. The opinion delivered by the administration is likely to refer tothe training system that the Project developed. This government’s initiative can lead toachievement of the overall goal.
3-2 Summary of Evaluation(1) Relevance : HighThe Project is relevant with the Chinese development policies such as “The Twelfth Five-YearPlan” by the government, and Forestry sector specified “The Twelfth Five-year Plan” for forestry
sector development by the State Forestry Administration. In addition, the Project meets the Japanesepolicy for assistance to China. Moreover, the targeted beneficiaries group of the Project, who arecounty and/or lower administration level personnel also met with the regional needs. The Project wasable to effectively utilize the Japanese technical knowledge and experiences as well. In this line, it isevaluated that the Project is relevant.
(2) Effectiveness : High
Judging from the achievement level of the indicators of the PDM, the Project Purpose has beenmostly achieved and is likely to be achieved by the end of the Project. In addition, the Project
Purpose is being achieved as results of the achievement of the Outputs.
(3) Efficiency : Moderate
Judging from the achievement level of the indicators of the PDM, the production level of theOutputs is acceptable along with the planned schedule. The inputs of both Japanese and Chinese side
have been done as planned; and have contributed the production of the Outputs. Training in Japan
was also an effective input to enhance the counterparts’ capacity, which led to improvement oftraining contents.
(4) Impacts : High
1) Training system developed by the Project has already been introduced in other training courses atforestry academies of pilot provinces and autonomous regions.
2) Training in Japan provided chances with trainees to make personal network and to share
information among trainees in addition to training opportunities. In the case of China, it is difficult
to build personal network with other province due to its geographically large country. The training
by the Project functioned to reinforce such opportunities.
(5) Sustainability : High
1) Policy aspect：
Reform of collective forest right system, and Reform and development on national forest farm area part of major actions by the government towards ecological preservation and environmentalprotection. Capacity development in forestry sector is likely to be stressed further its importance inthis line.
The State Forestry Administration is about to show direction in strengthening training activitiesmore in relation with improvement of leader-class training. Training system by the Project possibly
be introduced in its direction presented by the administration. Application of the Project’s training
system can be enhanced from policy aspect.

iii2) Organizational aspects：
The State Academy of Forestry Administration has a reasonable organizational structurecomposed of divisions/departments in charge of training plan, curricula, texts, and selection ofinstructors. The Academy is evaluated to have sustainable organizational structure.
3) Financial aspect:
Capacity development for personnel working for Reform of collective forest right system, andReform and development on national forest farm was regarded as important actions by thegovernment; therefore, a half of the training cost in the Project was covered by the Chinese side.
Budgetary arrangement for trainings can be prospected, as the Chinese government is showing
intention to strengthen capacity development for personnel at both administration stratum and fieldlevels.
4) Technical aspects:
The State Academy of Forestry Administration is technically able to disseminate the training
system in the western region, which needs to proceed with the instruction by the State Forestry
Administration regarding leader-class personnel training.
Pilot provinces have sustainable technical skills and knowledge at a certain level throughparticipation in the Project activities.
3-3 Factors that promoted realization of effects
Survey on economic activities at forest area, which is now conducted by the third party as of theterminal evaluation period, is expected to function for improvement of the training contents.
3-4 Factors that impeded realization of effects
Nothing special
3-5 Conclusion
The Project has been implemented as scheduled, and the Project Purpose is considered to beachieved by the end of the Project. All the five evaluation categories such as relevance,effectiveness, efficiency, impact and sustainability are almost secured. Thus, the Project will beterminated in February 2014 as planned.
3-6 Recommendations(1) Issues to be done by the end of the Project1) Development of “Training implementation manual”, “Training system manual”, and model
curricula and texts.
 The State Academy of Forestry Administration needs to edit and/or develop “Trainingimplementation manual” and “Training system manual”, curricula and texts those can beapplied to the western region. In detail, indexes of trainings, texts that are showing goodpractices and legal issues are the targeted outputs.
2) Sharing and dissemination of outputs
 The Project’s outputs need to be uploaded on the Academy’s internet site, called as Forestry
education training network by the end of February, 2014, by coordination of the international
cooperation division of The State Academy of Forestry Administration. It is a necessary action
for sharing information within the western region-wide beyond the pilot areas, and also forpromoting Reform of collective forest right system, and Reform and development on national
forest farm.
(2) Issues to be done after the end of the Project for its sustainability
 The State Academy of Forestry Administration needs to play central role for assisting forestry
academies in the western region as they develop and apply the training system on Reform ofcollective forest right system, and Reform and development on national forest farm. The
Academy should promote the actions on the basis of the instruction by the State Forestry
Administration.
 While disseminating the training system in the western region, the Academy needs to share anddisseminate not only hardware outputs such as manuals, curricula, and texts, but also softwareiv

outputs such as the way of training management. In this line, as the 4 pilot sites in the Project
already fully share information and experiences among them, these 4 sites should be utilized asmodels for trainings.
3-7 Follow-up situation
Nothing specialv