Nachr. entomol. Ver. Apollo, N. F. 27 (3): 161–164 (2006)

161

New subspecies of Papilionidae Latreille, [1802] from Sabah, Malaysia(Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Fatimah Abang and Malcolm G. P. Page1
Prof. Dr. Fatimah Abang, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, University of Malaysia, Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
Prof. Dr. Malcolm G. P. Page1, Wintergasse 18, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; mgppage@gmx.ch

Abstract: We describe five new subspecies of Pa­pi­lio­nidae
from the islands of Balambangan and Banggi, Sa­bah, EastMa­laysia. These are: Arisbe (Pathysa) anti­phates sinam­bun­g­ensis ssp. n. from Banggi, Arisbe (Pathysa) antiphates sim­­
pulensis ssp. n. from Balambangan, Arisbe (Eury­ple­ana)
doson sarpedonoides ssp. n. from Balam­ban­gan and Bang­gi,
Menelaides hipponous jalanii ssp. n. from Ba­lam­ban­gan andBanggi, and Achillides palinurus au­dryae ssp. n. (holotype ♀;the other holotypes are ♂♂) from Bang­gi. All holotypes andpara­ty­pes are in the col­lec­tion of the University of Malaysia,Sa­ra­wak, Kota Sa­ma­ra­han.
Keywords: swallowtail butterflies, distribution, Borneo,Ba­lam­bangan, Banggi.
Neue Unterarten von Papilioniden aus Sabah, Malaysia(Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Zusammenfassung: Wir beschreiben fünf neue Pa­pi­lio­ni­
dae-Unterarten von den Inseln Balambangan und Banggi,Sa­bah, Ostmalaysia: Arisbe (Pathysa) antiphates si­nam­bun­gensis ssp. n. aus Banggi, Arisbe (Pathysa) antiphatessim­­pu­len­sis ssp. n. aus Balambangan, Arisbe (Eurypleana)do­­son sarpedonoides ssp. n. aus Balambangan und Banggi,
Me­­ne­laides hipponous jalanii ssp. n. aus Balambangan undBang­­gi, and Achillides palinurus audryae ssp. n. (Ho­lo­ty­pus♀; die übrigen Holotypen sind ♂♂) aus Banggi. Die Ho­lo­typen und Paratypen der neuen Taxa sind in der Samm­lung der University of Malaysia, Sarawak, Kota Sa­ma­rahan,deponiert.

Introduction
Balambangan and Banggi are islands located off thenorth­ernmost tip of Sabah, Borneo. Earlier studies of
the Ledidoptera of Balambangan (Abang et al. 2004)
have shown that the fauna of this island comprises ele­ments from both Borneo proper and the Philippines,
with a tendency to form endemic subspecies. This iscon­firmed by our study of the Papilionidae, describedherein. The discovery of Me­ne­laides hipponous (Felder& Felder, 1862) on Balambangan and Banggi con­sti­tu­tes the first record of this species from Malaysia. It
is other­wise confined to the Philippines and TalaudIs­land of Indonesia, while the very closely related (ifnot con­specific) M. pitmani Elwes & de Nicéville, 1886
is found from N. India through Myanamar, Thailand,Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and S. China to Hainan. Aris­be(Pathysa) antiphates (Cramer, 1775) is a typical spe­ciesof the Sundaland faunal province and here reaches theedge of its distribution on Banggi and Balam­ban­gan. The
systematic taxonomy used here follows that of Page &Treadaway (2003a, 2003b, 2004).
1To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Abbreviations used:UMSK

University of Malaysia, Sarawak, Kota Samarahan (en­to­mo­lo­gic­al collection).

Descriptions

Arisbe (Pathysa) antiphates sinambungensis ssp. n.
Holotype ♂: Bukit Sinambung, N. Banggi, 14. vi. 2004, inUMSK; Fig. 1.
Paratypes (in total 6 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, all in UMSK): All fromBanggi: allo­type ♀, 15. vi. 2004; Fig. 2. 1 ♂ 30. v. 1973, leg.
J. C. Robinson, ex coll. J. Haugum; 1 ♀ 5. vi. 2004, 2 ♂♂ 15. vi.
2004; 2 ♂♂ 16. vi. 2004; 1 ♀ 7.–11. v. 2005, 1 ♂ 11. vi. 2005.
Etymology: This subspecies is named after the principal
collecting area Bukit Sinambung (Mt. Banggi). The name isherewith defined as being a noun in apposition.

Holotype. Forewing length from base to tip 39.9 mm.
Similar in general facies to A. (P.) antiphates itamputi(Butler, 1885) from Borneo proper, however, thearea of grey maculation on the hindwing upperside isconsiderably larger. This area is typically 4.1–5.5 mm
deep in specimens of ssp. itamputi from N. Borneo but is
6.4 mm in the holotype of ssp. sinambungensis.
Allotype. Forewing length from base to tip 42.3 mm.
Similar to the ♂, with an extensive area of grey maculationon the hindwing upperside.
Variability. The ♂ and ♀ paratypes correspond well tothe holotype and allotype, respectively. The area of grey
maculation on the hindwing upperside is between 6.1 and7.5 mm deep. In 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ specimen, the submarginal
spot in cell M1 of the hindwing is marked with a small
area of grey scales (not seen in any specimens of itamputi
from N. Borneo).

Arisbe (Pathysa) antiphates simpulensis ssp. n.
Holotype ♂: Balambangan, 3. vi. 2004, in UMSK; Fig. 3.
Paratypes (in total 13 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, all in UMSK): All fromBalamban­gan: allotype ♀, 23. vi. 2003; Fig. 4. 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀
17. vi. 2003; 2 ♂♂ 22. vi. 2003; 1 ♂ vi. 2003; 2 ♂♂ 23. vi.
2003; 1 ♀ 7.–11. vi. 2004, 1 ♀ 9. vi. 2004, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ 11. vi.
2004; 1 ♂ 2. v. 2005.
Etymology: This subspecies is named after the principal
collecting area near Kuak Simpul and the Balambangan
Forest Reserve. The name is herewith defined as being anoun in apposition.

Holotype. Forewing length from base to tip 42.8 mm.
Si­mi­lar in general facies to A. (P.) antiphates sinam­bun­
gen­sis ssp. n. from Banggi, sharing the extended area ofgrey maculation on the hindwing upperside, which iseven more extensive. This area is 6.1–7.5 mm deep in162123456789101112Figs. 1–2: Arisbe (Pathysa) antiphates sinambungensis ssp. n. Fig. 1: holotype ♂. Fig. 2: allotype ♀. — Figs. 3–4: Arisbe (Pathysa) antiphates sim­pu­len­sis ssp. n. Fig. 3: holotype ♂. Fig. 4: allotype ♀. — Figs. 5–6: Achillides palinurus audryae ssp. n. Fig. 5: holotype ♀. Fig. 6: paratype ♀, Banggi, 15. vi.
2004. — Figs. 7–9: Arisbe (Eurypleana) doson sarpedonoides ssp. n. Fig. 7: holotype ♂. Fig. 8: allotype ♀. Fig. 9: paratype ♀, yellow form, Balambangan,
23. vi. 2003. — Figs. 10–12: Menelaides hipponous jalanii ssp. n. Fig. 10: holotype ♂. Fig. 11: allotype ♀. Fig. 12: paratype ♂, Banggi, 15. vi. 2004.
— Specimens not figured to the same scale! See text for sizes.

163

specimens of sinambungensis ssp. n. from Banggi but is
8.4 mm in the holotype of simpulensis ssp. n. All of thesubmarginal spots are marked with grey scaling.
Allotype. Forewing length from base to tip 42.3 mm.
Si­mi­lar to the ♂, with an extensive area of grey ma­cu­la­tion on the hindwing upperside and a complete row ofgrey submarginal spots on the hindwing upperside. The
postmedian area has a yellowish cast not seen in ♀♀ ofother subspecies of antiphates.
Variability. Range in forewing lengths, ♂♂: 37.2–43.5 mm.
The ♂ and ♀ paratypes correspond well to the holotype
and allotype, respectively. The area of grey maculation onthe hindwing upperside is between 5.5 mm (a very smallspecimen) and 8.5 mm deep in the ♂♂, and between 7.8
and 8.6 mm deep in the ♀♀. All specimens have at least
the submarginal spot in cell M1 of the hindwing marked
with a small area of grey scales and the majority havespots in cells Sc+R1 and Rs as well. Two of the ♀ paratypes
have a yellowish cast in the postmedian area of thehindwing, just as in the allotype.

Arisbe (Eurypleana) doson sarpedonoides ssp. n.
Holotype ♂: Banggi, 14. vi. 2004, leg. M. Page, in UMSK; Fig. 7.
Paratypes (in total 12 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀): From Balamban­gan: allo­
type ♀, 23. vi. 2003, leg. M. Page; Fig. 8. 1 ♀ 16. vi. 2003, 1 ♀
18. vi. 2003, 1 ♀ 21. vi. 2003, 1 ♀ 23. vi. 2003, 1 ♂ 7.–11. vi.
2004, 1 ♂ 9. vi. 2004, 1 ♂ 10. vi. 2004. — From Banggi: 1 ♂
14. vi. 2004; 1 ♂ 15. vi. 2004; 2 ♂♂ 16. vi. 2004; 1 ♂ 17. vi.
2004; 1 ♂ 5. v. 2005; 1 ♂ 11. v. 2005; 3 ♂♂ 13. v. 2005.
Etymology: This subspecies is named after its similarity toGra­phium sarpedon (Linnaeus, 1758). The name is a noun inapposition.

Holotype. Forewing length from base to tip 43.6 mm.
Upper­side ground-colour nearly black. The green spots
are intense bluish-green, approaching the colour of Gra­
phium sarpedon (Linnaeus, 1758) rather than the duckegg green typical of A. doson evemonides (Hon­rath,[1884]). The outer margin of the hindwing me­dian bandis deeply incised at the cell and the band is nar­row­er thanin A. doson evemonides.
Allotype. Forewing length from base to tip 40.8 mm.
Similar to the ♂, except that the green spots are yellow­
ish-green, still being more intense than found with green♀♀ of A. doson evemonides. The outer margin of thehindwing median band is deeply incised at the cell andthe band is narrower than in A. doson evemonides.
The ♂♂ conform very closely to the holotype. The ♀♀ fall
into two colour forms. One form is similar to the allotype,with yellowish-green spots, whereas the other form isbright yellow (Fig. 9). Similar dimorphism is observedin ♀♀ of A. doson evemonides, where spots of the yellow
form are cream to pale yellow.

Menelaides hipponous jalanii ssp. n.
Holotype ♂: Balambangan, 11. vi. 2004, leg. M. Page, in theUMSK. Fig. 10.
Paratypes (in total 13 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, all in UMSK): From Ba­lam­bangan: allotype ♀, 1 ♂ 11. vi. 2004, leg. Jalani Mor­ta­da; ♀
Fig. 11. — From Banggi: 8 ♂♂ 13.–15. vi. 2004, 2 ♀♀ 15./17. vi.

2004, 4 ♀♀ 4.–8. v. 2005, 2 ♂♂ 8./9. v. 2005.
Etymology: This subspecies is named after Jalani Mor­ta­da,
who collected several of the paratypes including the allo­
type. The name is a noun in apposition.

Holotype. Forewing length from base to tip 49.2 mm.
Up­per­side ground-colour brownish black with a scatter­ing of tawny scales in the postmedian and submarginalareas. The wing margin in cells CuA2 to M1 is decorated
with a fringe of long white scales. Underside, groundcolour brownish with the white marginal areas more
extensive on the upperside. There are white spots forming
a postmedian band in cells CuA1 and CuA2.
Hindwing. There is a spatulate tail on vein M3. Up­per­side,ground-colour brownish black. There is a post­me­dian
band of creamy white spots: those in cells RS, M1 and M2
being conspicuosly larger than the others. The spots incells M3, CuA1 and CuA2 are suffused with brown scales of
the ground-colour and are more yellow in colour than theothers. All cells have a white mar­gin­al fringe. Underside,ground-colour blackish brown. There are white marginal
fringe-spots and a sub­mar­gin­al band of orange to whitespots present in all cells. The spot in CuA2 appears to
be larger than the others, but this area is damaged.
There are two diffuse spots for­m­ed from a scattering ofmetallic blue scales, one in each of cells CuA1 and CuA2.
The prominent post­me­di­an band of white spots on theupperside is reproduced on the underside.
Allotype. Forewing length from base to tip 54.5 mm.
Up­per­side similar to that of the ♂♂ but somewhat
lighter brown and more heavily suffused in the post­me­dian area. Underside, ground-colour brownish black withprominent white spots in a submedian band from thecostal margin to the hind margin. The white fringe-spots
on the wing margin are more prominent than in the maleholotype.
Hindwing. Tailed, upperside markings similar to thoseof the ♂. Underside with larger marginal fringe-spots
and yellowish submarginal spots in all cells except CuA2,where the spot is orange. There are spots formed frommetallic blue scales in cells CuA1 and CuA2. The pro­minent white postmedian band is well-marked also on
the underside.
Variability. ♂♂: Range in fore wing lengths: 45–49 mm.
The second ♂ from Balambangan is somewhat darker
in ground-colour than the holotype and the postmedianband of spots on the hindwing upperside is narrower.
This narrowing is mostly due to suffusion of its innermar­gin by black scaling. The ♂♂ from Banggi also showcon­siderable variation in the width of the postmedianband of white spots, from being as broad as that of theholo­type to having the spots only half the width, par­tic­u­lar­ly in cells RS, M1 and M2 (Fig. 12).
♀♀: One of the ♀♀ from Banggi is very similar to theallo­type from Balambangan. The other specimen is con­siderably larger (FW length 52 mm) and is brightly mar­ked but otherwise consistent with the description of theallotype.

164p. palinurus from West Malaysia or in A. p. angustatus(Staudinger, 1888) from Balabac, Pa­la­wan and Cuyo.
The band is narrower than found in A. p. palinurus fromSabah mainland and A. p. an­gus­ta­tus.

13

14Fig. 13: ♀ genitalia of Menelaides hipponous jalanii ssp. n. Fig. 14: ♀
genitalia of Menelaides fuscus dayacus Rothschild 1908. — UMSK relates
genitalia preparations to the specimen by cross-refencing labels on
the preparation vial and the specimen; specimens numbers were notavailable at the time of writing. The specimen of M. h. jalanii from which
the dissection was made is the paratype ♀ from Balambangan, 11. vi.
2004. The specimen of M. h. dayacus from which the dissection wasmade is from Sabah, Crocker Range, 5. v. 1998. — Scale 5 mm.

Genitalia. The ♂ (data not shown) and ♀ genitalia (Fig.
13) are typical of Menelaides hipponous (Felder & Fel­der, 1862), see Page & Treadaway (2003b, 2004) for acom­plete description of the Philippines subspecies. The♀ genitalia of hipponous differ from those of M. fuscus
da­yacus (Rothschild, 1908) (Fig. 14). The ventral pro­
cess from the lamella antevaginalis of M. fuscus da­ya­cus
is greatly produced and the lateral distal processes aresmall whereas the ventral process is smaller in hip­po­nous
and the lateral are larger.
In outward appearance, this subspecies of M. hipponous
is most similar to the subspecies found in the central Phil­
ippines such as M. h. daku Page & Treadaway, 2003, fromMarinduque, or M. h. rolandi Page & Tread­away, 2003,
from Bohol. However, the narrow-ban­ded form of the ♂
is more reminiscent of M. h. ga­may Page & Treadaway,
2003, from Palawan and Ba­la­bac and this is probably
where the true affinities of this new subspecies belong.
Inspection of the ♀ genitalia in par­ticular confirm thissupposition as the structure is very similar to that of the♀ of M. h. gamay. The prin­cip­al difference is that thechitinization of the peri-os­tial lamellae is even strongerin ssp. jalanii than it is in the ♀ of M. h. gamay.

Achillides palinurus audryae ssp. n.
Holotype ♀: Banggi, 8. v. 2004, leg. M. Page, in UMSK; Fig. 5.
Paratypes (in total 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀, all in UMSK): All from Banggi:
1 ♀, 15. vi. 2004, leg. M. Page; Fig. 6; 1 ♂ 13. vi. 2004, 1 ♂
15. vi. 2004, 1 ♂ 8. v. 2005, 1 ♂ 13. v. 2005.
Etymology: This subspecies is named after Audry Menganof the University of Malaysia, Sarawak, who caught severalof the paratypes described in this paper during the 2004 and2005 expeditions to Balambangan and Banggi orga­ni­zed bythe University.

Holotype. Forewing length from base to tip 44.2 mm.
Up­perside, ground colour brownish black with a scat­ter­ing of iridescent-green scales and a solid median bandof iridescent green scales. The median band of green
does not have the same bluish cast that is typical of A. p.
palinurus (Fabricius, 1787) from Sabah main­land (Jordan1910), but it is not as bright green as found either in A.
© Entomologischer Verein Apollo e. V., Frankfurt am Main, Oktober 2006

Hindwing. There is a spatulate tail on vein M3. Up­per­side, ground-colour brownish black with a scattering ofiridescent-green scales and a solid median band of iri­des­cent-green scales. The median band of green is nar­rower than in A. p. palinurus from Sabah mainland andis truncated in cell Rs closer to vein M1 than in other sub­species of A. palinurus, especially A. p. angustatus andA. p. daedalus (Felder & Felder, 1861), where the band
extends further towards the costal margin.
Underside, ground-colour brownish-black, darker thanfound in other subspecies of A. palinurus.
Variability: The ♂♂ are very similar in size and colour
to the holotype ♀, except that they lack the eyespot in
the anal tornus of the hindwing upperside. They vary
somewhat in the extent of the green median band, but
the essential features of bright green colour and, on theunderside, a darker ground colour are exhibited by allspecimens. The second ♀ (Fig. 6) is significantly larger
than the holotype (forewing length from base to tip
48.2 mm). The iridescent green bands on the forewing
upperside are more yellowish green, approaching thecolour of A. p . palinurus (Fabricius, 1787).

Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank the staff and students of theUniversity of Malaysia, Sarawak, Kuching, especiallyJa­lani Mortada and Audry Mengan for their support dur­ing the expeditions to Banggi and Balambangan. Also,
grateful thanks are extended to Colin G. Tread­away forhis constant advice and encouragement, and for reading
and correcting this manuscript.

References
Abang, F., Treadaway, C. G., & Schroeder, H. G. (2004): A con­tri­bu­tion
to the butterfly fauna of the island of Balam­ban­gan (Malaysia,Sabah) (Insecta: Lepidoptera). — Futao 47: 6–11, pls. 1–3.
Jordan, K. (1908–10): 1. Familie: Papilionidae, Segelfalter. — Pp. 11–118, pls. 1–50 in: Seitz, A. (ed.) Die Gross-Schmet­ter­lin­ge derErde, 9. Band, Die indo-australischen Tagfalter. —Stutt­gart (A.
Kernen), viii + 1197 pp., pls. 1–175.
Page, M. G., & Treadaway, C. G. (2003a): [English edition, il­lus­tra­tions:] Papilionidae IX: Papilionidae of the Philippine Is­lands.
— Pp. 1–12, 59 col. pls. in: Bauer, E., & Fran­ken­bach, T. (eds.),
But­terflies of the World, part 17. — Keltern (Goecke & Evers).
———, & ——— (2003b): [English edition, Supplement (text part I.):]
Papilionidae of the Philippine Islands I. Descriptions of new
subspecies and changes in classification. — Pp. 1–6 in: Bauer, E.,& Frankenbach, T. (eds.), Butterflies of the World, Supplement
8. — Kel­tern (Goecke & Evers).
———, & ——— (2004): [English edition, Supplement (text part II.):]
Papilionidae of the Phil­ippine Islands II., text. — Pp. 7–58 in:Bauer, E., & Frankenbach, T. (Hrsg.), Butterflies of the world,Sup­plement 8. — Kel­tern (Goecke & Evers).
Received: 10. ii. 2006
ISSN 0723-9912

ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.atZoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database
Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature
Zeitschrift/Journal: Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo
Jahr/Year: 2006
Band/Volume: 27
Autor(en)/Author(s): Abang Fatimah, Page Malcolm G. P.
Artikel/Article: New subspecies of Papilionidae Latreille, [1802] from Sabah, Malaysia
161-164