2018 1220()31*>( )
15+5;7   H2O #!" ,.3 :=#&0 D3 ),. : $/ (% ), 15" (!), Alice Booth,Catherine Walsh (Univ. of Leeds, United Kingdom), A?<, 62@ ( +('),
48 (-9), T. J. Millar (Queens’ Univ. Belfast, United Kingdom) etc.
Notsu et al., 2016, ApJ, 827, 113 (paper I); 2017, ApJ, 836, 118 (paper II);2018, ApJ, 855, 62 (paper III); 2019, ApJ submitted.

19èhL aL t eL.
~eeh(( 88hLAL

MLhl

H

Andrews et al. 2018, Isella et al. 2018

NASA/ESA/Hubble Heritage TeamLi (gas)L(dust)HLAyhsʼLh12 05 3

M9(H2O 

H2O
H2Oガ ス中心星

ケイ酸塩(岩 石 )

H2O

%$!
#H2O

!"ケイ酸塩＋
H2O氷
ダスト合体成長・破壊
ダスト落下

H2O


H2O

 

(e.g., Hayashi et al. 1981,1985)

(Riviere-Marichalar et al. 2012)

AA TauR~1500[OI]

H2 OHerschel/PACS(e.g., Hogerheijdeet al. 2011)(e.g., Carr & Najitaet al. 2008)

Spitzer/IRS

2Herschel/
HIFI

22H:@()4#$.-,/?H2OKOURHTAE
<=8!! (→,.-' @")↓(AH2O5 +1: / BA&4*%$EMSUK
H2O5 A7/A2 -6@:3)↓ 
H2O  
IQRU@CDNLQRUJPME <>75 A#0%$E!;(e.g., ALMA, SPICA/HRS)

研究の概要
3.(* "/-,0 !%#0 H2O2H2O   $↓H2O4& )1+'# H2O '% !(
H2O+*"&)
(Notsu et al. 2016, ApJ, 827, 113; 2017, ApJ, 836, 118; 2018, ApJ, 855, 62)5

:: 375

d, 4346

UMIST Database for Astrochemistry (Rate06, Woodall+2007)
X

dOH+H2→H2O+H
H2O+hν→OH+H 375

d, 1500

1

cf. Walsh et al. (2010,2012,2015)
Notsu et al. (2016, 2017),d ir

di016,)(
CfCA,sg

SR16000

6

2z/r

0.8

10

Herbig Ae

3(M=2.5Msun Teff=10000K R=2Rsun)

0.6

Notsu et al. (2016, 2017)

0.4

2101000K

0.8

0.2300K
150K
10100

0.6r [AU]0.8z/r0.6107cm-30.4
0.201014cm-3
110r [AU]

100

10-4

nH2O/nH 

10-5
10-6

101z/r021015
1014
1013
1012
1011
1010
109
108
107
106
105

0.4

H2+OH->H2O+H

0.20


1

10100

10-7

10-8

10-9
10-10
10-11
10-12

r [AU]H2O
r<8AU: nH2O~ 14AU
(Tgas >170K)7

H2O

Eup nup

AulNotsu et al. (2016, 2017, 2018)[s-1] (Aul :Eup :::A[K])

Elow nlowhν ul
Ful (r, ν ) = ò n u A ulφ(ν )exp(- τ ul )ds-s ¥4πs¥- τul :- LTE (-Φ(ν) Kepler)+ cs(snowline tracerzrok): LAMDA (H216O) & HITRAN (H218O)

(τν<<1)(τν>>1)

iFν∝nup(Eup) AulFν∝Bν(T)sBν(T) :: 8

-o-H216O 682.66μm
Aul ~ 2.82×10-5 (s-1)

10in-

10-6

0.4

Eup~1000K

100.2

101

10100

10r [AU]O

Notsu et al. (2016, 2017)

Herbig Ae O2(Aul ~10-6-10-3 s-1) r(Eup~1000K) ortho-H216O
OH-1010-11

AulO-810-9o-H216O 63.32μm 0
Aul ~ 1.7 (s-1)

Or<14AU-510-7Aulin
ep

10-4

nH2O/nH

0.6z/r

Hlo

0.8

r<14AU

i=30° Distance:140pc

29-12 (i=0°, line of sight)

emissivity*exp(-τul)

Aul Aul

Eup~1000K

o-H216O 682.66 μm
Aul~ 2.8210-5 (s-1)

Herbig Ae

Notsu et al. (2016,2017) Aul H2O)*.+(, %" -H2O)*.+(,
%"!$&o-H216O 63.32μm
Aul~ 1.7 (s-1)

 (τν<<1) Fν∝nup(Eup) Aul (τν>>1) Fν∝Bν(T) 10Notsu et al. (2016, 2017)

ortho-H216O8* SPICA
Flux 37-#05)'# JWST/MIRI 10*$+
#'(5σ1,)−16

1/H2O  # 0ortho-H216O
3+ flux2(10-6<Aul<10-2 s-1, 700K<Eup<2010K)

6+05$!

Total Flux [W/m2](middle R~λ/Δλ)10−17SPICA/SMI-HRS

SPICA/SAFARI(middle R~λ/Δλ)

10−18

ALMA

10−19
10−20
10−21

10ALMA

AA~50 1001000

λ [µm]

,"*~3 .&32 H2O
% 4 H2O8*-(  05 %)'#

- / : ALMA/Cycle 3proposal & .1"(&!4--+ (Q band) : SPICA/SMI-HRS.1)%
11(Herbig Ae disk: >10-18 [W m-2] T Tauri disk: >10-20 [W m-2]) 

8A2 
!#8"

(Notsu et al. 2018, ApJ)
8A

para-H218O
203GHz(1473.85μm)

2017/10- ALMA Cycle 5→ 61
8A Band 5(163-211GHz)
2

Jorgensen et al. 2010
Class 0 protostar: NGC 1333-IRAS4B
12

para-H216O, para-H218O 
ortho-H216O 321GHz

para-H218O 203GHz

Aul = 2.82×10-5 (s-1)

Aul = 4.81×10-6 (s-1)

Eup 1473.85μm=1089K
Innerregion

Innerregion

Eup =204K

Outerregion
Notsu et al. (2018)

Herbig Ae *

i=30° Distance:140pc

para-H216O, H218O -&: , (+$ *# )'Eup  (~200K) -&
H2O   "%![o/p=3,16O/18O=560] 13

emissivity*exp(-τul) (i=0°, line of sight)

1473.85μm

Auportho-H216O 321GHz
Aul= 2.8×10-5 (s-1) Eup=1089K

Herbig Ae %
Notsu et al. (2018)

para-H216O, H218O&ortho-H216O
 #%$ "![o/p=3,16O/18O=560] τul∝nH2O

para-H218O 203GHz
Aul= 4.8×10-6 (s-1) Eup=204K

 (τν<<1) (τν>>1)

Fν∝nup(Eup) AulFν∝Bν(T)14

"!#H2O%
 $ () - :I/ (Aul)W[YQ7myp (Eup)W4O TP5WR
H2Oa-_XhZ`i#Fb
L ?CJ(SPICA, ALMAG)_bCJ3,i2(Notsu et al. 2016, ApJ, 827, 113; 2017, ApJ, 836, 118)

- para-H216O, H218OP5b RA$+(z=0)aeg)T>=
c_CJ3,4O;TQ7K(Eup~200K)bP5d-3,(Notsu et al. 2018, ApJ, 855, 62)
ALMA: w&0`4OVf!P5b{vqsb6@i0→usxMH2Osz l'1a6i8U]S(Notsu et al. 2019, ApJ submitted)

H2OP5(H2Osz li%\RdCJiHS
ALMAktn}~Dr|~DNB&SPICA*"A59.<E

15