Gujarati- English Learner’s Dictionary
Babu Suthar(Second draft)

A Nirman Foundation Project
Department of South Asia Studies
University of Pennsylvania
820 Williams Hall
36th and Spruce
Philadelphia PA 19104
 Babu Suthar

23
In Memory ofHarivallabh Bhayani

4↓
We will revise this draft again after we receive comments and suggestions from thescholars and the users. There are still problems with phonetic transcription of somewords. We will fix them as soon as we get feedback from the scholars. Meanwhile,
we request the users to consult us before using information from this dictionary intheir reserach.
↓
Babu Suthar
bsuthar@sas.upenn.edu

5Introduction
Gujarati is a poor language of the rich people. This language does not have scientifically
written grammar books. Whatever grammar books it has are mainly pedagogic. It does
not have well written dictionaries either. There are some, monolingual as well as
bilingual, but many of them are impressionistic and outdated. This language is divided
into many social and geographical dialects, but very few of them have been explored.
Many dialects still await their documentation. It has attracted many linguists, but theirimpact on the language, speakers, and writers has been negligible. Gujaratis are
everywhere, and so is Gujarati; but Gujarati rarely is taught systematically. The childrenof Gujarati Diaspora learn some Gujarati either from their parents or from Gujarati
language classes run mainly by Hindu temples. There is no well written teaching material
either. Some individuals have created some material, but much of it lacks
professionalism. In addition, it is also faulty either in grammar or in pragmatics or both.
This is unfortunate. In order to overcome this situation, partially if not fully, theDepartment of South Asia Regional Studies, University of Pennsylvania has taken aleadership role. They have encouraged designing teaching material under which we havecreated three textbooks: Gujarati Reader 1, 2 and 3. The Reader 1 is devoted to thewriting system, while the Reader 2 is devoted to written conversations. The Reader 3 is acollection of Aesop’s fables rendered in Gujarati. This dictionary is a part of that projectbut it has been funded by the Nirman Foundation, Washington DC. It is perhaps the first
dictionary of the language created for the beginning student who is learning Gujarati
language as a second language. It is also the first dictionary in Gujarati which gives
phonetic transcription of the head words in International Phonetic Alphabet. Besides, it isalso the first one that gives graphemic transcription of each head words. This dictionary
will certainly facilitate the learner in learning the differences between spoken and written
Gujarati.
I am thankful to Nirman Foundation. Without their support this dream would haveremained unfulfilled. I am also thankful to Prof. Bhikhu Parekh and Dr. Chandrakant
Shrof for taking personal interest in this project. I can not forget Prof. Guy Welbon,
former Chairperson of the South Asia Regional Studies, University of Pennsylvania, who
underlined the need of creating teaching material and supported all the projects. Thisdictionary is the third project that he supported. I am also thankful to Prof. Michael W.
Meister, the Chairperson of the Department of South Asia, for encouraging me infinishing this work. Finally, I am thankful to Prof. Buckley, Department of Linguistics,
University of Pennsylvania, and Dr. Bharti Modi, Ex. Chairperson, Department ofLinguistics, The M.S. University of Baroda for ofering me guidance on various issues
related to compiling dictionary.
Babu Suthar
Sunday, June 29, 2003

6
Content
1. Explanatory notes
2. Abbriviations
3. Dictionary
A
Aa
;
:
w
W
¢
Ae
AE
Ao
AO
k
`
g
3
c
2
j
z
4
5
6
7
t
9
d
0
n
p
f
b
m
y
r
l
v
=
q
s
h

7
10
12
12
20
25
26
26
29
30
30
32
32
33
33
41
46
52
55
62
65
70
73
75
77
79
80
87
88
96
100
111
132
137
146
154
167
168
175
183
200
205
205
229

7
x
}a
4. Gujarati Parts of speech
5. Numerals

235
235
236
255

8
Explanatory Notes:
Structure of the entries: Each entry contains five parts in the following order: 1. Headword, 2. Phonetic transcription, 3. Graphemic transcription, 4. Grammatical designationand 5. Gloss. In addition, some entries may contain example.
1. Head-word: Head-word is the word to be glossed. It is given here in Gujarati script.
Spellings such as gÅga, p¨jo, 5*6I, sNt and sMp are avoided in favor of more traditional
spellings g&ga, p&jo, 5&6I, s&t and s&p.
2. Phonetic transcription: For each head-word phonetic transcription is given here in
Broad transcription. Syllabic division is also marked. This will facilitate the learners inlearning how to pronounce the words and how to relate them with their grapheme
structure. However, stress pattern is left unmarked.
Phonetic transcription is given in International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) which is
given bellow:

Vowels:
Front
Close

Central Backiu

Close-mid eo\Open-mid ´
Open

a

ø

9

˜

j
Æ

s

n

l

r

ß
d˙

Lateralapproximant

Approximantpp˙

non-asp.

asp.

Plosive

vl.

Trill

vd.

m

Bilabial

Nasal

vd.
b

Labiodental

v

vl.

t˙

vd.

b˙

Dentald

vd.

t

AlveolarµÔ˙c˙

Post alveolar vl.

Fricative

vl.

ˇ

vd.

Î

vl.
Retroflex

g˙

Ô

vd.
c

Palatal

¯

k

vl.

k˙

vd.

Î˙

Velar

ˇ˙

vl.
g

PharyngealhConsonants:

10
3. Graphemic transcription: For each word graphemic transcription is also given using
the following symbols. This will help students learning the relationship between soundand later with is not always symmetrical in Gujarati.
Vowels:
A
\

Aa
a

;
i

:
ii

w
u

W
uu

Ae
e

AE
\i

Ao
o

AO
\u

A&
\m

AŠ
\h

¢
ru≤

Consonants:
k
k\

`
kh\

g
g\

3
gh\

c
c\

2
ch\

j
Ô\

z
Ôh\

4
ˇ\

5
ˇh\

6
Î\

7
Îh\

8
¯\

t
t\

9
th\

d
d\

0
dh\

n
n\

p
p\

f
ph\

b
b\

bh\

m
m\

y
y\

r
r\

l
l\

v
v\

=
ß\

q
s°\

s
s\

h
h\

X
Æ\

x
kß\

}a
gn\

4. Gloss: Gloss illustrates the main sense of the word. In some cases, more than one
meaning are given in the order of their prominence.

11
Abbriviations
adj.
advb.
conj.
fem.
hon.
masc.
neut.
postp
pron.
v.intr.
v.dat.
v.exp.
v.tr.

adjective
adverbconjunction
femininehonorific
masculine
neuterpostposition
pronounintransitive verb
dative verb
experiencer verb
transitive verb

Symbols:/./<.>syllabic breakboundary of the letter

A

Axy /\k.ß\.j\/ <\.kß\.j\> adj.
1.imperishable. 2. inexhaustible.

Akb&0 /\k.b\n.d˙\/ <\.k\.b\~.dh\> adj. .
1. intact. 2. neither opened nor broken.

Axr /\k.ß\.r\/ <\.kß\.r\> masc. .1. aletter, 2. a syllable

Ak6avu& /\k.Îa.vu~/ <\.k\.Îa.vu~> v.intr.
to get angry.

Axr /\k.ß\.r\/ <\.kß\.r\> adj. .
indestructible.

Ak6avu& /\k.Îa.vu~/ <\.k\.Îa.vu~> v.intr.
to have cramp.

Axr=Š /\k.ß\.r\.ß\.h\/ <\.kß\.r\.ß\.h\>adv.. 1.literally. 2. letter by letter. 3.
word by word.

AkmRk /\.k\r.m\.k/ <\.k\.rm\.k\> adj. .
intransitive. a verb that does not take adirect verb.

Axa&= /\k.ßa~.ß\/ <\.kßa~.s\> masc. a
degree of latitude.

AksIr /\k.sir/ <\.k\.sii.r\> adj. .
effective.

A`&6 /\.k˙\¯.Î\/ <\.kh\~.Î\> adj.
1.unbroken. 2. ceaseless.

AkSmat /\.k\s.mat/ <\.k\.sma.t\> neut.
. accidentA`&&i6t /\.k˙\¯.Îit/ <\.kh\~.Îi.t\> adj. .
1.unbroken. 2. constant.

AkSmate /\.k\s.ma.te/ <\.k\.sma.te>
advb.. accidentally.

A`tro /\.k˙\t.ro/ <\.kh\.t\.ro> masc.
.1. an experiment. 2. a trial

AkXam8 /\k.Æa.m\¯/ <\.k\.Æa.m\.¯\>fem.
1. perplexity. 2. acute worry.

A`bar /\k˙.bar/ <\.kh\.ba.r\> neut. . anews paper

AkXavu& /\k.Æa.vu~/ <\.k\.Æa.vu~> v.intr. .
to get angry.
Ak\k6 /\k.k\.Î/ </\.kk\.Î\> adj. 1. stiff.
2. unbending.
Ak\krmI /\k.k\r.mi/ <\.kk\.r\.mii> adj.
unfortunate.

A`a6o /\.k˙a.Îo/ <\.kha.do> masc. . agymnasiumA`at /\.k˙at/ <\.kha.t\> masc. .1. a bay.
2. a gulf
Agi8t /\.g\.¯it/ adj. .<\.g\.¯i.t\> 1.
innumerable. 2. uncounable.

Ak\kl /\k.k\l/ <\.kk\.l\> fem. . sense.

Ag8otr /\.g\.¯o.t\r/ <\.g\.¯o.t\.t\>adj. . sixty nine.

Axt /\k.ß\.t\/ <\.kß\.t\> adj. .1. whole.
2. unbroken.

Ag*ya=I /\.g\.¯ja.ßi/ <\.g\.¯ja.ßii> adj. .
seventy nine.

13
AgTy /\.g\t.j\/ <\.g\.tj\> neut.
important.
AgTyta /\.g\t.j\.ta/ <\.g\.tj\.ta> fem. .
importance.
Agm cetI /\.g\m.ce.ti/ <\.g\.m\.ce.tii>
fem.
1.forsight. 2. precaution.
Agm va8I /\.g\m.va.¯i/ <\.g\.va.¯ii>
fem.1. prophecy. 2. mysterious words.

AigyarI /\.gi.ja.ri/ <\.gi.ja.rii> fem. . asmall fire temple in which Parsis keep
their sacred fire.
Agocr /\.go.c\r/ <\.go.c\.r\> adj.
1.beyond senses. 2. imperceptible.
AiGn /\g.ni/ <\.gni> masc. .fire
AiGndah /\g.ni.dah/ <\.gni.da.h\> masc.
. cremation ceremony.

AgMy /\.g\m.j\/ <\.g\.mj\> adj. .1.
mysterious. 2. inaccessible.

AiGns&Skar /\g.ni.sam.ska.r\/<\.gni.s\~.ska.r\> masc. . cremation
ceremony.

Agrb]aI /\.g\r.b\t.ti/ <\.g\.r\.b\.ttii>
fem. . incense stick.

A3i4t /\.g˙\.ˇit/ adj. improper.

Agv6 /\g.v\Î/ <\.g\.v\.Î\> fem.
inconvenience.

A3ru& /\.g˙\.ru~/ <\.gh\.ru~> adj.
difficult.

Agaw /\.ga.u~/ <\.ga.u> prep.. before.

Ac&bo /\.c\m.bo/ <\.c\~.bo> masc. .1. asurprise, 2. an astonishment

AgawnI /\.ga.u~.ni/ <\.ga.u.nii> adj. .
previous (in terms of time).

Acank /\.ca.n\k/ <\.ca.n\.k\> advb. .
1.suddenly, 2. accidentally

Agaw9I /\.ga.u.t˙i/ <\.ga.u.thii> advb.
.in advance.

AcUk /\.cuk/ <\.cuu.k\> advb.
.1.without a mistake, 2. sure

AgasI /\.ga.si/ <\.ga.sii> fem. . terrace.

A2t /\.c˙\t/ <\.ch\.t\> fem. .1.scarcity,
2. shortage

Aigyar /\.gi.jar/ <\.gi.ja.r\> adj.
.eleven.
Aigyarmu& /\.gi.jar.mu~/ <\.gi.ja.r\.mu~>
neut. the eleventh day after death.
Aigyars /\.gi.ja.r\s/ <\.gi.ja.r\.s\> fem.
the eleventh day of a fortnight of a
Hindu lunar month.

A2tu& /\.c˙\.tu~/ <\.ch\.tu~> advb.
.1.secret, 2. hidden
A2bDa /\.c˙\b.Îa/ <\.ch\.b\.Îa> masc. .
chicken-pox (honorific).
A2Ut /\.c˙ut/ <\.chu.t\> adj. .
untouchable

14
A2o6o /\.c˙o.Îo/ <\.cho.Îo> masc. a
chain of gold or silver

A}aan /\g.na.n\/ <\.gna.n\> neut. .
ignorance

Ajgr /\Ô.g\r/ <\.Ô\.g\.r\> masc. . apythonA}aanI /\g.na.ni/ <\.gna.nii> adj.
.ignorant

Ajb /\.Ô\b/ <\.Ô\.b\> adj. .1. strange, 2.
surprising

A4k /\.ˇ\k/ <\.ˇ\.k\> fem. .1. surname,
2. a family name. 3. last name.

Ajmavvu& /\Ô.mav.vu~/ <\.Ô\.ma.v\.vu~>
v.tr. 1. to try, 2. to test.

A4kvu& /\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.intr. . tostop.

Ajmo /\Ô.mo/ <\.Ô\.mo> masc. . parsley
AjvaXvu& /\Ô.vaÆ.vu~/ <\.Ô\.va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.
.to cleanse.

A4kX /\ˇ.k\Æ/ <\.ˇ\.k\.Æ\> fem. . aninference

AjvaXIyu& /\Ô.va.Æi.Ôu~/ <\.Ô\.va.Æii.ju~>
neut. 1. the bright half of a lunar month,
2. Small holes in the roof foe admitting
sun-light.
AjvaXu& /\Ô.va.Æu~/ <\.Ô\.va.Æu~> neut.
.light
Aj&po /\.Ô\.mpo/ <\.Ô\~.po> masc. .
restlessness
Aja8 /\.Ôa¯/ <\.Ôa.¯\> adj. . ignorantAja*yu& /\.Ôa.¯yu~/ <\.Ôa.¯ju~>
adj.1.unknown, 2. stranger
AjaybI /\.Ôa.j\.bi/ <\.Ôa.j\.bii> fem. .1. awonder, 2. a surprise
A@8R /\.Ôir.¯\/ <\.Ôii.r¯\> neut.
indigestion
Ajey /\.Ôej/ <\.Ôe.j\> adj. .
unconquerable
Ajo6 /\.Ôo.Î/ <\.Ôo.Î\> adj. . uniqueA4p4u& /\ˇ.p\.ˇu~/ adj. <\.ˇ\.p\.ˇu~>
1.intricate, 2. complex
A4vavu& /\ˇ.va.vu~/ <\.ˇ\.va.vu~> v.intr. . towander.
A5vai6k /\ˇ˙.va.Îik/ <\.ˇh\.va.Îi.k\>
adj. . weekly
A5vai6yu& /\ˇ˙.va.Îi.ju~/ <\.ˇh\.va.Îi.ju~>
neut. a week
A5&g /\.ˇ˙\˜.g\/ <\.ˇh\~.g\> adj. . out andout.
A5\5a; /\.ˇ˙ˇ˙a.i/ <\.ˇhˇha.i> fem. . a
religious vows of the Jains. A person
who takes this vow fasts for the periodof eight days.
A5\5a8u& /\.ˇ˙ˇ˙a.¯u~/ <\.ˇhˇha.¯u~> adj. .
ninety eight.
A5\5avn /\.ˇ˙ˇ˙a.v\n/ <\.ˇhˇha.v\.n\>adj. fifty eight.
A5\yotr /\.ˇ˙jo.t\r/ <\.ˇhjo.t\.r\> adj. .
seventy eight.

15
A5\yasI /\.ˇ˙ja.si/ <\.ˇhja.sii> adj. . eighty
eight.

A7I /\.Î˙i/ <\.Îhii> adj. . two and a
half.

A6kvu& /\.Î\k.vu~/ <\.Î\.k\.vu~> v.tr. .totouch.

A8gmo /\¯.g\.mo/ <\.¯\.g\.mo> masc.
. dislike.

A6`e p6`e /\Î.k˙e p\Î.k˙e/<\.Î\.khe p\.Î\.khe> adv..1. beside,
2. adjacent to, 3. side by side.

A836 /\¯.g˙\Î/ <\.¯\.gh\.Î\> adj. .
unskilled

A6g /\.Î\g/ <\.Î\.g\> adj. .1.
immovable, 2. unperturbed.
A6c8 /\Î.c\¯/ <\.Î\.c\.¯\> fem. .
obstacle

A80ayuR& /\¯.d˙a.rju~/ <\.¯\.dha.rju~> adj.
& advb. unexpected.
A8manItu& /\¯.ma.ni.tu~/ <\.¯\.ma.nii.tu~>
adj. .unfavorable.

A6talIs /\Î.ta.lis/ <\.Î\.ta.lii.s\> adj.
forty eight.

A8vr /\¯.v\r/ <\.¯\.v\.r\> masc. a
relative of the bridgroom who assists
him during marriage ritual.

A6d /\.Î\d/ <\.Î\.d\> masc. a kind ofpulse

Ai8 /\.¯i/ <\.¯i> fem. sharp point ofanything.

A60u& /\Î.d˙u~/ <\.Î\.dhu~> adj. half.

Aiti9 /\.ti.t˙i/ <\.ti.thi> masc. . a guest
who comes without prior information.

A6plu& /\.Î\p.lu~/ <\.Î\.p\.lu~> neut. .1.amischief, 2. a prankA6vu& /\Î.vu~/ <\.Î\.vu~> v.tr. . to touch.
A6s5 /\Î.s\ˇ˙/ <\.Î\.s\.ˇh\> adj. .sixty
eight.
A6oA6 /\Îo.\Î/ <\.Îo.\.Î\> postp.
.very closely.
A6\6o /\Î.Îo/ <\.ÎÎo> masc. .a meeting
place of unsocial element.
A7Xk /\.Î˙\.Æ\k/ <\.Î\.Æ\.k\> adj. .
plentiful.

Aitrek /\.ti.rek/ <\.ti.re.k\> masc. . anexcessAtIt /\.tit/ <\.tii.t\> masc. . past.
Atu4 /\.tuˇ/ <\.tu.ˇ\> adj. . unbreakable.
A]ar /\ˇ.ˇ\r/ <\.tt\.r\> neut. .perfume
ATy&t /\t.j\n.t\/ <\.tj\~.t\> adj. .
excessive
ATyacar /\t.ja.car/ <\.tja.ca.r\> masc. .
tyranny
ATyare /\t.ja.re/ <\.tja.re> adv.. just now

A7ar /\.Î˙ar/ <\.Îha.r\> adj. . eighteen.
A{a /\t.r\/ <\.tr\> advb.. at this place

16

A96avu& /\t˙.Îa.vu~/ <\.th.Îa.vu~> v.intr.
.1. to collide, 2. to hit against.
A9a8u& /\.t˙a.¯u~/ <\.tha.¯u~> neut. .
pickleA0Iru& /\.d˙i.ru~/ <\.dhii.ru~> adj. .
impatient.
A0ur&u /\.d˙u.ru~/ <\.dhu.ru~> adj. .
incomplete.

Ada /\.da/ <\.da> fem. . action.

A)0r /\d˙.d˙\r/ <\.dhdh\.r\> advb..1.
unsupported, 2. hanging in mid air.

Adalt /\.da.l\t/ <\.da.l\.t\> fem. . a
judicial court.

An9R /\.n\r.t˙\/ <\.n\.rth\> masc. . amisinterpretation.

Adavt /\.da.v\t/ <\.da.v\.t\> fem. .
enmity.

An&t /\.n\n.t\/ <\.n\~.t\> adj. .1.endless,
2. infinite.

A±+y /\.dr\ß.j\/ <\.dr\.ßj\> adj. .
invisible.

Anaj /\.naÔ/ <\.na.Ô\> neut. .grain.
Ana9 /\.nat˙/ <\.na.th\> adj. . orphan.

Ade`a; /\.de.k˙ai/ <\.de.kha.i> fem. .
jealouslyAde`u& /\.de.k˙u~/ <\.de.khu~> adj. .
jealous
Ad\-Ut /\d.b˙ut/ <\.d\.bhu.t\> adj. .
wonderful
A0kcru& /\d˙.k\c.ru~/ <\.dh\.k\.c\.ru~>
adj. partly baked or cooked.
A0m /\.d˙\m/ <\.dh\.m\> adj. mean.
A0mUw& /\d˙.mu.u~/ <\.dh\.mu.u> adj. .
half-dead.
A0mR /\.d˙\r.m\/ <\.dh\.rm\> masc. .1.
the reverse of religion, 2. immoral.
A0vc /\d˙.v\c/ <\.dh\.v\.c\> advb..1.
in the middle, 2. midway.
Ai0kar /\.d˙i.kar/ <\.dhi.ka.r\> masc. .
a right.

Ana9a[am /\.na.t˙a.ßr\.m\/<\.na.tha.ßr\.m\> masc. . anorphanage.
Anadr /\.na.d\r/ <\.na.d\.r\> masc. .
an insult.
Anamt /\.na.m\t/ <\.na.m\.t\> fem. .
deposit.
AnamI /\.na.mi/ <\.na.mii> adj. .
nameless.
Ainyimt /\.nij.mit/ <\.ni.j\.mi.t\> adj.
irregular.
Aini¾t /\.niß.cit/ <\.ni.ßci.t\> adj. .
uncertain.
AnIit /\.ni.ti/ <\.nii.ti> fem.
immorality.
Anukr8 /\.nu.k\.r\¯/ <\.nu.k\.r\.¯\>
neut.
immitation.

17
AnukUX /\.nu.kuÆ/ <\.nu.kuu.Æ\> adj. .
suitable.

Apvad /\p.vad/ <\.p\.va.d\> masc. . anexception.

Anuk/m /\.nu.kr\m/ <\.nu.kr\.m\>masc. .1. order, 2. sequence.

Apiv{a /\.p\.vit.r\/ <\.p\.vi.tr\> adj.
unholy.

Anu-v /\.nu.b˙\v/ <\.nu.bh\.v\> masc.
experience.

Ap=Bd /\p.ß\b.d\/ <\.p\.ß\.bd\> masc.
an abuse.

Anu-vI /\.nu.b˙\.vi/ <\.nu.bh\.vii> adj.
experienced.

Ap=ukn /\p.ßu.k\n/ <\.p\.ßu.k\.n\>masc. . ill-omen.

Anuman /\.nu.man/ <\.nu.ma.n\> neut. .
an inference.

Ap&g /\.p\˜.g\/ adj. . <\.p\~.g\> 1. lame,
2. crippled.

Anuvad /\.nu.vad/ <\.nu.va.d\> masc.
translation.

Apasro /\.pa.s\.ro/ <\.pa.s\.ro> masc. .
a Jain monestry.

Anusrvu& /\.nu.s\r.vu~/ <\.nu.s\.r\.vu~>
v.intr to follow.

ApUj /\.puÔ/ <\.puu.Ô\> adj. . notworshipped.

AnuSnatk /\.nus.na.t\k/ <\.nu.sna.t\.k\>adj. post-graduate.

Apexa /\.pek.ßa/ <\.pe.kßa> fem. .
expectation.

AnuSvar /\.nus.var/ <\.nu.sva.r\> neut.
a sign written on the top of a letter thatindicates a nasal sound or nasalizationof a vowel.

Ap/g4 /\.pr\.g\ˇ/ <\.pr\.g\.ˇ\> adj. .
unpublished.

Ane /\.ne/ <\.ne> conj.. and.

Aip/y /\p.ri.j\/ <\.pri.j\> adj. .
disguisting.

Anek /\.nek/ <\.ne.k\> adj. . many.

Afva /\p˙.va/ <\.ph\.va> fem. . arumors.

ANyay /\n.jaj/ <\.nja.j\> masc. .
injustice.

Afsos /\p˙.sos/ <\.ph\.so.s\> masc. .1.
repentance, 2. alas.

Apco /\.p\.co/ <\.p\.co> masc. .
indigestion.

Abj /\.b\Ô/ <\.b\.Ô\> adj. . one
thousand millions.

Apj= /\p.Ô\ß/ <\.p\.Ô\.ß\> masc.
.disgrace.

Abjopit /\.b\.Ôo.p\.ti/ <\.b\.Ôo.p\.tii>
adj. a millionaire

Apman /\p.man/ <\.p\.ma.n\> neut. .
an insult

A-8 /\.b˙\¯/ <\.bh\.¯\> adj. .
illiterate.

18

A-av /\.b˙av/ <\.bha.v\> masc. .
dislike.
Ai-n&dn /\.b˙i.n\n.d\n/<\.bhi.n\~.d\.n\> masc. congratulation.
(Honorific)
Ai-neta /\.b˙i.ne.ta/ <\.bhi.ne.ta> masc.
. a male actor.
Ai-p/a.y /\.b˙i.pra.j\/ <\.bhi.pra.j\>masc. . an opinion.

ArIso /\.ri.so/ <\.rii.so> masc. .a
mirror.
Are /\.re/ <\.re> inter.. an exclamation
expressing surprise, `oh’.
A9R /\r.t˙\/ <\.rth\> masc. 1. meaning,
2. wealth.
Alg /\.l\g/ <\.l\.g\> adj. . separate.
AlI /\.li/ <\.lii> fem. . a female friend
for a female.
Alop /\.lop/ <\.lo.p\> adj. . invisible.

Ai-man /\.b˙i.man/ <\.bhi.ma.n\> neut.
. arrogance.

AlOkIk /\.l\u.kik/ <\.l\u.kii.k\> adj. .
devine.

Ai-manI /\.b˙i.ma.ni/ <\.bhi.ma.nii>
adj. . arrogant.

Avd=a /\v.d\.ßa/ <\.v\.d\.ßa> fem. .
misfortune.

A_yas /\b˙.ja.s\/ <\.bhja.s\> masc. .1.
study, 2. practice.

Avnvu& /\v.n\.vu~/ <\.v\.n\.vu~> adj. .
new.

Amr /\.m\r/ <\.m\.r\> adj. immortal.

Avyv /\.v\.j\v/ <\.v\.j\.v\> masc. .alimb.

Amaru& /\.ma.ru~/ <\.ma.ru~> pron.. our(exclusive).
Amas /\.mas/ <\.ma.s\> fem. . the last
day of the dark half of a lunar month.
Amuk /\.muk/ <\.mu.k\> adj. . some.

Avro0 /\v.rod˙/ <\.v\.ro.dh\> masc. .ahurdle.
Avlokn /\v.lo.k\n/ <\.v\.lo.k\.n\>neut. . observation.
Av+y /\vß.j\/ <\.v\.ßj\> advb. . surely.

AmULy /\.mul.j\/ <\.muu.lj\> adj.
.priceless.
Ame /\.me/ <\.me> pron.. we(exclusive).
AyoGy /\.jog.j\/ <\.jo.gj\> adj. .
improper.

Avsr /\v.s\r/ <\.v\.s\.r\> masc. an
occasion.
Avsan /\v.san/ <\.v\.sa.n\> neut.
death.
AvXa; /\v.Æai/ <\.v\.Æa.i> fem. improper
behavior.

19
AvXu& /\v.Æu~/ <\.v\.Æu~> adj. up side
down.
Avaj /\.vaÔ/ <\.va.Ô\> masc. .1.voice, 2.
sound.
Avarnvar /\.var.n\.var/<\.va.r\.n\.va.r\> advb. .frequently.
AvaXu& /\.va.Æu~/ <\.va.Æu~> neut. . thegums of teeth.
Aivny /\.vi.n\j/ <\.vi.n\.j\> masc.
.immodesty.
A=kt /\.ß\k.t\/ <\.ß\.kt\> adj. . weak.

As&~y /\.s\¯.k˙j\/ <\.s\~.khj\> adj.
innumerable.
As&toq /\.s\n.toß/ <\.s\~.to.s°\> masc. .
dissatisfaction.
As&-v /\.s\m.b˙\v/ <\.s\~.bh\.v\> adj.
.impossible.
As&mt /\.s\m.m\t/ <\.s\~.m\.t\> adj.
.disagreeing.
As&SkarI /\.sams.ka.ri/ <\.s\~.ska.rii>
adj. . uncivilized.

A=a&t /\.ßa~n.t\/ <\.ßa~.t\> adj. . troubled.

Asa)y /\.sa.d˙j\/ <\.sa.dhj\> adj. .
incurable.

A=u)0 /\.ßud˙.d˙\/ <\.ßu.dhdh\> adj. .
impure.

Asur /\.sur/ <\.suu.r\> masc. . demon.

A=u- /\.ßub˙/ <\.ßu.bh\> adj.
inauspicious.

AiS9r /\.st˙i.r\/ <\.sthi.r\> adj. .
unstable.

Aqa6 /\.ßaÎ/ <\.s°°a.Î\> masc. ninth
month of the Vikram era.

ASpQ4 /\.sp\ß.ˇ\/ <\.sp\.s°ˇ\> adj. .
vague.

AsTy /\.s\t.j\/ <\.s\.tj\> neut. .1. false,
2. untrue.

ASvC2 /\.sv\c.c˙\/ <\.sv\.cch\> adj. .
impure.

Asr /\.s\r/ <\.s\.r\> fem. .effect.

ASvS9 /\.sv\s.t˙\/ <\.sv\.sth\> adj.
1.restless 2. sick.

Asl /\.s\l/ <\.s\.l\> adj. .original.
Ashkar /\.s\h.kar/ <\.s\.h\.ka.r\>masc. .
non-co-operation.
Ashay /\.s\.haj/ <\.s\.ha.j\> adj. .
helpless.
As¬ /\.s\h.j\/ <\.s\.hj\> adj. .
unbearable.

ASva-aivk /\.sva.b˙a.vi.k\/<\.sva.bha.vi.k\> adj. . unnatural.
ASvIkar /\.svi.kar/ <\.svii.ka.r\> masc.
1.rejection 2. denial.
Aih&sk /\.him.s\k/ <\.hi~.s\.k\> adj. .
non-violent.

20
Aihsa /\.him.sa/ <\.hi~.sa> fem. . nonvilence.

A&tr /\n.t\r/ <\~.nt\.r\> neut. .1.theheart 2. the mind. [an abstract notion thatrefers to one’s conscience.]

AhI& /\.hi~/ <\.hi~> advb. . here.
A&itm /\n.tim/ <\~.ti.m\> adj. . last.
AhI&ya& /\.hi~.ja~/ <\.hi~.ja~> advb. .same as
AhI&.
Ahoho /\.ho.ho/ <\.ho.ho> excl.. an
exclamation expressing surprise.
AX`am8u& /\Æ.k˙am.¯u~/ <\.Æ\.kha.m\.¯u~>adj. .1. unfavorable 2. disagreeable.
AXgu& /\Æ.gu~/ <\.Æ\.gu~> adj. .1.detached
2. uncommon.
A&kur /\˜.ku.r\/ <\~.ku.r\> masc. .1. asprout 2. an offshoot.
A&g /\˜.g\/ <\~.g\> neut. . the body.
A&grxk /\˜.g\.r\k.ß\.k\/<\~.g\.r\.kß\.k\> masc. .a body-guard.
A&gU5I /\˜.gu.ˇ˙i/ <\~.guu.ˇhii> fem. . afinger ring.
A&gU5o /\˜.gu.ˇ˙o/ <\~.gu.ˇho> masc. .a
thumb.
A&g/ej /\˜.g\.reÔ/ <\~.gre.Ô\> masc. . an
Englishman.

A&te /\n.te/ <\~.te> advb. .1. finally 2. atlast.
A&dr /\n.d\r/ <\~.d\.r\> postp. .1. in 2.
within 3. inside 4. into.
A&daj /\n.daÔ/ <\~.da.Ô\> masc. . anestimate.
A&0a0U&0I /\n.d˙a.d˙u~n.d˙i/<\~.dha.dhuu~.dhii> fem. . chaos.
A&0apo /\n.d˙a.po/ <\~.dha.po> masc. .
blindness.
A&0arIyu& /\n.d˙a.ri.ju~/ <\~.dha.rii.ju~> neut.
. the dark half of a lunar month.
A&0aru& /\n.d˙a.ru~/ <\~.dha.ri.ju~> neut. .
darkness.
A&bo6o /\m.bo.Îo/ <\~.bo.Îo> masc. . aknot of plaited hair of a woman.
A&= /\mß/ <\~.ß\> masc. .a part, a section

Aa

A&g/e@ /\˜.g\.re.Ôi/ <\~.gre.Ôii> fem.
.English.

Aa /a/ <a> proun.. this.

A&t /\n.t\/ <\~.t\> masc. . an end.

Aakar /a.kar/ <a.ka.r\> masc. .1. shape
2. form.

A&tr /\n.t\r/ <\~.t\.r\> neut. . distance.

Aaka= /a.kaß/ <a.ka.ß\> neut. . sky.
Aaka&xa /a.ka~.kßa/ <a.ka~.kßa> fem. .
desire.

21

Aak<it /ak.ru.ti/ <a.kru≤.ti> fem. . a
diagram.

Aacrkucr /a.c\r ku.c\r/ neut.
.miscellaneous food or householdarticles.

Aak/m8 /ak.r\.m\¯/ <a.kr\.m\.¯\> neut.
. an attack.

Aacar /a.c\r/ <a.ca.r\> masc. .behavior.

Aaxep /ak.ßep/ <a.kße.p\> masc.
.accusation.

AacayR /a.car.j\/ <a.ca.rj\> masc. 1. aprincipal 2. a spritual leader. (Honorific)Aa`re /a.k˙\.re/ <a.kh\.re> advb.
.finally.

Aa2u& /a.c˙u~/ <a.chu~> adj. dim.
Aaj /aÔ/ <a.Ô\> fem. today.

Aa`lo /ak˙.lo/ <a.kh\.lo> masc. . a bull.
Aag /ag/ <a.g\> fem. . fire.

Aa@@ /a.Ôi.Ôi/ <a.Ôii.Ôii> fem. an humble
request.

Aagbo4 /ag.boˇ/ <a.g\.bo.ˇ\> fem. asteamer.

Aa@vn /a.Ôi.v\n/ <a.Ôii.v\.n\> adj. .
lifelong.

Aagm /a.g\m/ <a.g\.m\> masc.
religious texts of the Jains.

Aaju baju /a.Ôu ba.Ôu/ <a.Ôu.ba.Ôu> adv.
around.

Aaglu& /ag.lu~/ <a.g\.lu~> adj. . previous.

Aa4lu& /aˇ.lu~/ <a.ˇ\.lu~> adj. .this much.

AagX /a.g\Æ/ <a.g\.Æ\> advb. .1. in frontof 2. in future.

Aa4o /a.ˇo/ <a.ˇo> masc. . flour.
Aa5 /aˇ˙/ <a.ˇh\> adj. . eight.

AagamI /a.ga.mi/ <a.ga.mii> advb.
1.ensuing 2. forthcoming.
AagahI /a.ga.hi/ <a.gaa.hii> fem. .a
prediction.
Aaigyo /a.gi.jo/ <a.gi.jo> masc. . 1. a firefly, 2. a glowworm, 3. a lightning bug.
Aag/h /ag.r\.h\/ <a.gr\.h\> masc. .astrong request.

Aa5m /a.ˇ˙\m/ <a.ˇh\.m\> fem. . theeighth day of bright or dark half of the
Hindu month.
Aa68I /aÎ.¯i/ <a.Î\.¯ii> fem. . a wooden
round stood to shape rotali or puri .
Aa6{aIs /a.Î\t.ris/ <a.Î\.trii.s\> adj. .
thirty eight.
Aa6u& /a.Îu~/ <a.Îu~> adj. . crosswise.

Aa3at /a.g˙at/ <a.gha.t\> masc. a shock.
Aa3u& /a.g˙u~/ <a.ghu~> advb. . distant.

Aa6o=pa6o= /a.Îoß.pa.Îoß/<a.Îo.ß\.pa.Îo.ß\> masc. neighbours.

22

Aa8vu& /a¯.vu~/ <a.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to fetch
2. to bring.
Aa8u& /a.¯u~/ <a.¯u~> neut. .
AaTma /at.ma/ <a.tma> masc. . soul.

Aan&d /a.n\n.d\/ <a.n\~.d\> masc. .1.
pleasure 2. joy.
AanakanI /a.na.ka.ni/ <a.na.ka.ni> fem.
1.hesitation 2. indecision.
Aap8e /ap.¯e/ <a.p\.¯e> pron.. we(inclusive).

Aa9m8u& /a.t˙\m.¯u~/ <a.th\.m\.¯u~> adj. .
western.

Aapi]a /a.p\t.ti/ <a.p\.¯e> fem. . trouble.

Aa9mvu& /a.t˙\m.vu~/ <a.th\.m\.vu~> v.intr.to set.

AapmeXe /ap.me.Æe/ <a.p\.me.Æe> advb. .
atomatically.

Aadr /a.d\r/ <a.d\.r\> masc. .respect.

Aaple /ap.le/ <a.p\.le> fem. . give andtake.

Aad=R /a.d\r.ß\/ <a.d\.rß\> adj. . ideal.
Aada=I=I /a.da.ßi.ßi/ <a.da.ßii.ßii> fem. .
migraine.

AapvItI /ap.vi.ti/ <a.p\.vii.tii> fem. .1.
autobiography 2. good and bad events oflife.

Aaid /a.di/ <a.di> adj. first.

Aapvu& /ap.vu~/ <a.p\.vu~> v.tr. . to give.

Aaid /a.di/ <a.di> advb. . etc.

AapoAap /a.po.ap/ <a.po.a.p\> advb. .
automatically.

AaidvasI /a.di.va.si/ <a.di.va.sii> masc.
.1. aboriginal, 2. tribal.
Aadu& /a.du~/ <a.du~> neut. .green ginger.

Aafro /ap˙.ro/ <a.ph\.ro> masc. . gas
due to indigestion.

Aade= /a.deß/ <a.de.ß\> masc. . an order.

AafUs /a.p˙u:s/ <a.phuu.s\> fem. . akind of mango.

Aa0ar /a.d˙ar/ <a.dha.r\> masc. .1. asupport 2. an evidence.

Aab£ /ab.ru/ <a.b\.ruu> fem.
.reputation.

Aa0uink /a.d˙u.nik/ <a.dhu.ni.k\> adj. .
modern.

AabehUb /a.be.hub/ <a.be.hu.b\> adj. .
exact.

Aa0e6 /a.d˙eÎ/ <a.dhe.Î\> adj. . elderly.

Aabohva /a.bo.h\.va/ <a.bo.h\.va> fem. .
climate.

Aa)yaiTmk /a.d˙jat.mik/ <a.dhja.tmi.k\>
adj. spiritual.

Aa- /ab˙/ <a.bh\> neut. . sky.

23
Aa-ar /a.b˙ar/ <a.bha.r\> masc. .
thanks.
Aa-as /a.b˙as/ <a.bha.s\> masc.
.illusion.
Aa-Uq8 /a.b˙u.ß\¯/ <a.bhu.s°\.¯\> neut. .
ornaments.
Aam /am/ <a.m\> advb. .in this manner.
Aamjnta /am.Ô\n.ta/ <a.m\.Ô\.n\.ta>
adj. .1. the common people, 2. laymen.

Aam&{a8 pi{aka /a.m\n.tr\¯ p\.tri.ka/<a.m\.ntr\.¯\ p\.tri.ka> fem. .an
invitation letter.
Aayno /aj.no/ <a.j\.no> masc. . a mirror.
Aaya. /a.ja/ <a.ja> fem. . a maid servent.
Aayat /a.jat/ fem. . import.
Aayojn /a.jo.Ô\n/ <a.ja.t\> neut. .
management.

Aam8e /am.¯e/ <a.m\.¯e> pron.. these
persons.

AartI /ar.ti/ <a.r\.tii> fem. .1. a sacredlamp 2. a religious prayer sung with asacred lamp.

Aamtem /am.tem/ <a.m\.te.m\> advb.
.here and there.

Aarpar /ar.par/ <a.r\.pa.r\> advb. .
through one end to another.

Aam9I /am.t˙i/ <a.m\.thii> advb. .fromthis side.

Aar&- /a.r\m.b˙\/ <a.r\~.bh\> masc. .
beginning.
Aaram /a.ram/ <a.ra.m\> masc. . rest.

AamdanI /am.da.ni/ <a.m\.da.nii> fem.
.income.
AamNya /amn.ja/ <a.m\.nja> fem. .
respect for the elders.
Aamr8 /a.m\.r\¯/ <a.m\.r\.¯\> advb. .
till the end of life.
AamlI /am.li/ <a.m\.lii> fem. .thetamrid tree.
AamXvu& /a.m\Æ.vu~/ <a.m\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. . totwist together.
Aam&{a8 /a.m\n.tr\¯/ <a.m\.ntr\.¯\>
neut. an invitation.

AaroGy /a.rog.j\/ <a.ro.gj\> neut. .
health.
Aarop /a.rop/ <a.ro.p\> masc. .
accusation.
Aalvu& /al.vu~/ <a.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to give.
Aavk /a.v\k/ <a.v\.k\> fem. income.
Aavkar /av.kar/ <a.v\.ka.r\> masc. .
welcome.
Aav6t /av.Î\t/ <a.v\.Î\.t\> fem. . askill.
Aav6vu& /a.v\Î.vu~/ <a.v\.Î\.vu~> v.exp..
to
know.

24

Aav6u& /av.Îu~/ <a.v\.Îu~> adj. . of thissize.

Aasn /a.s\n/ <a.s\.n\> neut. . a seat
(formal).

Aavrda /a.v\r.da/ <a.v\.r\.da> fem.
.life-span.

Aas pas /as.pas/ <a.s\.pa.s\> advb.
around.

Aavvu& /av.vu~/ <a.v\.vu~> v.intr. to come.

Aasman /as.man/ <a.s\.ma.n\> neut. .
the sky.

Aavu& /a.vu~/ <a.vu~> advb. .of this kind.
AaiStk /as.ti.k\/ <a.sti.k\> adj. . theistic.
Aaveg /a.veg/ <a.ve.g\> masc. . an
excitement.
Aave= /a.veß/ <a.ve.ß\> masc. . anemotional excitement.
Aa=y /a.ß\j/ <a.ß\.j\> masc. . anintention.
Aa=re /aß.re/ <a.ß\.re> advb. .1. about 2.
approximately 3. roughly.

Aaso /a.so/ <a.so> masc. . the last monthof Hindu calander.
AaS9a /as.t˙a/ <a.stha> fem. .1. faith 2.
devotion.
AaSvad /as.va.d\/ <a.sva.d\> masc. .atasting.
Aahaha /a.ha.ha/ <a.ha.ha> inter.. an
exclamation signifying surprise.

Aa=ro /aß.ro/ <a.ß\.ro> masc. .shelter.
Aa=a /a.ßa/ <a.ßa> fem. . hope.

Aahar /a.har/ <a.ha.r\> masc. . food(formal).

Aa=a7 /a.ßaÎ˙/ <a.ßa.Îh\> masc. . thenine month of the Hindu calendar.

AahIr /a.hir/ <a.hii.r\> masc. . a
shepherd community.

Aai=q /a.ßiß/ <a.ßi.s°\> fem. . a blessing.

Aahuit /a.hu.ti/ <a.huu.ti> fem. .1. anoffering 2. a sacrifice.

Aai=vaRd /a.ßir.vad/ <a.ßi.rva.d\> masc.
a blessing. (honorific)

AaXs /a.Æ\s/ <a.Æ\.s\> fem. .laziness.

Aa¾yR /aß.c\r.j\/ <a.ßc\.rj\> neut. . a
surprise.

AaXo4vu& /a.Æoˇ.vu~/ <a.Æo.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. . towallow.

Aa[am /aß.r\m/ <a.ßr\.m\> masc. .a
hermitage.

Aa&k /a~k/ <a~.k\> masc. . tables ofmultiplications.

Aa¼asn /aß.va.s\n/ <a.ßva.ß\.n\> masc.
. consolation.

Aa&k6a=aS{a /a~k.Îa.ßaß.tr\/<a~.k\.Îa.ßa.str\> neut. . statistics.

25

Aa&k6o /a~k.Îo/ <a~.k\.Îo> masc. .1. a
number 2. a number-sign.
Aa&kvu& /a~k.vu~/ <a~.k\.vu~> v.tr. . toestimate a price.
Aa&` /a~k˙/ <a~.kh\> fem. . an eye.
Aa&g8u& /a~g.¯u~/ <a~.g\.¯u~> neut. . open
space in front of a house.
Aa&gXIyat /a~.g\.Æi.jat/ <a~.g\.Æi.ja.t\> adj. .
a child of the former husband of aremarried woman.
Aa&ckvu& /a~.c\k.vu~/ <a~.c\.k\.vu~> v.tr. . tosnatch forcfully.
Aa&ckI /a~c.ki/ <a~.c\.kii> fem. .hiccup.
Aa&cko /a~c.ko/ <a~.c\.ko> masc. . a jerk.
Aa&jvu& /a~Ô.vu~/ <a~.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. . to anointeyes with collyrium.
Aa&tr6u& /a~.t\r.Îu~/ <a~.t\.r\.Îu~> neut. .
intestine.
Aa&trraiQ4^y /a~n.t\r. raß.ˇri.ja/<a~.t\.r\.ra.s°ˇri.j\> adj. . international.
Aa&trvu& /a~.t\r.vu~/ <a~.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. .toblock.
Aa&trIk /a~t.rik/ <a~.t\.rii.k\> adj. .
internal.
Aa&doln /a~n.do.l\n/ <a~.do.l\.n\> neut. .
agitation.
Aa&08 /a~.d˙\¯/ <a~.dh\.¯\> neut. . water
boild for cooking food.

Aa&bo /a~.bo/ <a~.bo> masc. . a mango tree.
Aa&su& u/a~.su~/ <a~.su~> neut. . a tear.

;;C2vu& /ic.c˙\.vu~/ <i.cch\.vu~> v.tr. . towish.
;C2a /ic.c˙a/ <i.ccha> fem. .1. desire 2.
wish.
;jner /iÔ.ner/ <i.Ô\.ne.r\> masc. . anengineer.
;jaro /i.Ôa.ro/ <i.Ôa.ro> masc.
.monopoly.
;jjt /iÔ.Ô\t/ <i.ÔÔ\.t\> fem. .1. reputation
2. a woman’s chasity.
;5\5oter /iˇ˙.ˇ˙o.ter/ <i.ˇhˇho.te.r\> adj. .
seventy eight.
;5\yasI /i.ˇ˙ja.si/ <i.ˇhja.sii> adj. . eighty
eight.
;tr /i.t\r/ <i.t\.r\> adj. . another.
;ithas /i.ti.has/ <i.ti.ha.s\> masc.
.history.
;nam /i.nam/ <i.na.m\> neut. .1. a gift
2. a present 3. a prize.
;mam /i:.mam/ <i.ma.m\> masc. . thechief prise of Muslims (honorific).
;mart /i:.ma.r\t/ <i.ma.r\.t\> fem. . a
big building.

26;yX /i:.j\Æ/ <i.j\.Æ\> fem. . a kind of
worm.

w

;laj /i:.laÔ/ <i.la.Ô\> masc. .a cure.

wkr6o /u.k\r.Îo/ <u.k\.r\.Îo> masc. .adunghill.

;laycI /i:.la.j\.ci/ <i.la.j\.cii> fem.
.cardamom.
;+k /i:ß.k\/ <i.ßk\> masc. . love.
;iSptal /i:s.pi.tal/ <i.spi.ta.l\> fem. . a
hospital.

wkXvu& /u.k\Æ.vu~/ <u.k\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. . toboil.
wkXa4 /uk.Æaˇ/ <u.k\.Æa.ˇ\> masc. .
uneasiness and perspiration caused byheat.

;Slam /is.lam/ <i.sla.m\> masc. . Islam.

wkaXvu& /u.kaÆ.vu~/ <u.ka.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .tomake something boiled.

;N±Iy /in.dri.j\/ <i.ndrii.j\> fem. . asense.

wkel /u.kel/ <u.ke.l\> masc. . a solution.

:

wkelvu& /u.kel.vu~/ <u.ke.l\.vu~> v.tr. .toread (in the sense of deciphering).

:ja /iŠ.Ôa/ <ii.Ôa> fem. .injury.

wkelvu& /u.kel.vu~/ <u.ke.l\.vu~> v.tr. .tosolve.

:6lI /iŠÎ.li/ <ii.Î\.lii> fem. . a South
Indian food dish.

wkelvu& /u.kel.vu~/ <u.ke.l\.vu~> v.tr. . to
untwined.

:d /iŠd/ <ii.d\> fem. . a festival ofMuslims.

w`a8u& /u.k˙a.¯u~/ <u.kha.¯u~> neut. . ariddle.

:d6u& /iŠd.Îu~/ <ii.d\.Îu~> neut. . a food
item made out of fermented flour.

wgamvu& /u.gam.vu~/ <u.ga.m\.vu~> v.tr. .
to raise something to strike.

:=an /iŠ.ßan/ <ii.ßa.n\> fem. .north-east.

w3ra8I /ug˙.ra.¯i/ <u.g\.ra.¯ii> fem. .
collection of money due from.

:¼r /iŠß.v\r/ <ii.ßv\.r\> masc. .god.
:sa: /iŠ.sa.iŠ/ <ii.sa.ii> masc. a
Christian.
:&4 /iŠˇ/ <ii~.ˇ\> fem. .a brick.
:&6u& /i~Š.¯du~/ <ii~.Îu~> neut. . an egg.

w3ravvu& /ug˙.rav.vu~/ <u.gh\.ra.v\.vu~>
v.tr. .to collect money by contribution.
wca4 /u.caˇ/ <u.ca.ˇ\> masc. .
restlessness.
wcapt /u.ca.p\t/ <u.ca.p\.t\> fem. .
misappropriation.

27
wCcar /uc.car/ <u.cca.r\> masc. .
pronunciation.

w6avvu& /u.Îav.vu~/ <u.Îa.v\.Îa.v\.vu~>
v.tr. . to use up.

wCcarvu& /u.ccar.vu~/ <u.cca.r\.vu~> v.tr. .
to pronounce.

wtarvu& /u.tar.vu~/ <u.ta.r\.vu~> v.tr. . tounload. See wtrvu&

wC2vas /uc.c˙\.vas/ <u.cch\.va.s\>masc. . exhaling.

wtarvu& /u.tar.vu~/ <u.ta.r\.vu~> v.tr. .tomake a copy.

w2Xvu& /u.c˙\Æ.vu~/ <u.ch\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to jump, 2. to be tossed.

wtaru& /u.ta.ru~/ <u.ta.ru~> masc. . apassenger.

w2aXvu& /u.c˙aÆ.vu~/ <u.cha.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .
to toss up.

wtaro /u.ta.ro/ <u.ta.ro> masc. .1. aninn. 2. a lodging house.

w2ervu& /u.c˙er.vu~/ <u.che.r\.vu~> v.tr. . toraise.

wtaro /u.ta.ro/ <u.ta.ro> masc. .1. acopy. 2. a transcript.

wjagro /u.Ôag.ro/ <u.Ôa.g\.ro> masc. .
abstinence from sleep.

wtavX /u.ta.v\Æ/ <u.ta.v\.Æ\> fem. .
haste.

wja8I /u.Ôa.¯i/ <u.Ôa.¯ii> fem. a picnic.

w]am /ut.t\m/ <u.tt\.m\> adj. . the best.

wjj6 /uÔ.Ô\Î/ <u.ÔÔ\.Î\> adj. barren(land)w]ar /ut.t\r/ <u.tt\.r\> masc. . ananswer.

w5m8u& /u.ˇ˙\m.¯u~/ <u.ˇh\.m\.¯u~> neut.
a ritual performed after death.

w]ar /ut.t\r/ <u.tt\.r\> masc. the North.
w]aejk /ut.te.Ô\k/ adj. . stimulating.

w5vu& /uˇ˙.vu~/ <u.ˇh\.vu~> v.intr. . to getup.
w5a6vu& /u.ˇ˙aÎ.vu~/ <u.ˇha.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .
to wake up.
w5a&trI /u.ˇ˙a~n.t\.ri/ <u.ˇha~.t\.rii> fem. .
a theft.
w6aw /u.Îa.u/ <u.Îa.u> adj. .
extravagant.
w6avvu& /u.Îav.vu~/ <u.Îa.v\.vu~> v.tr. . tomake something fly.

wTpi]a /ut.p\t.ti/ <u.tte.Ô\.k\> fem. .
production.
wTpadk /ut.pa.d\k/ <u.tpa.d\.k\> masc.
1. a producer. 2. a manufacturer.
wTpadn /ut.pa.d\n/ <u.tpa.d\.n\> neut. .
an act of producing.
wTsv /ut.s\v/ <u.ts\.v\> masc. . a
festival.

28
wTsah /ut.sah/ <u.tsa.h\> masc. .1.
enthusiasm. 2. zeal.

wpcar /up.car/ <u.p\.ca.r\> masc. .1. a
remedy. 2. cure.

w9lavvu& /ut˙.lav.vu~/ <u.th\.la.v\.vu~>
v.tr. 1. to depose. 2. to over turn. See
w9lvu&

w pjvu& /u.p\Ô.vu~/ <u.p\.Ô\.vu~> v.intr.
.to grow

wdar /u.dar/ <u.da.r\> adj. . generous.

wpjavvu& /up.Ôav.vu~/ <u.p\.Ôa.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to reproduce.

wdas /u.das/ <u.da.s\> adj.
.1.unconcerned. 2. dejected.

wpde= /up.deß/ <u.p\.de.ß\> masc. .
preaching.

wdahr8 /u.da.h\.r\¯/ <u.da.h\.r\.¯\>
neut. 1. an example. 2. an illustration.

wpngr /up.n\.g\r/ <u.p\.n\.g\.r\>
neut. . a suburb.

wd\3a4n /ud.g˙a.ˇ\n/ <u.d.gha.ˇ\.n\>neut. . an inauguration.

wpnam /up.nam/ <u.p\.na.m\> neut. . anickname.

w¥e= /ud.de.ß\/ <u.dde.ß\> masc. . anintention.

wpyog /up.jog/ <u.p\.jo.g\> masc. . use.

w)0ar /ud˙.d˙a.r\/ <u.dhdha.r\> masc. .
salvation.
wd\-v /ud.b˙\.v\/ <u.d.bh\.v\> masc.
.1. birth. 2. creation.
wd\yog /ud.jo.g\/ <u.djo.g\> masc. .1. avocation. 2. an industry.
w0rs /ud˙.r\s/ <u.dh\.r\.s\> fem. .
cough.
w0ar /u.d˙ar/ <u.da.r\> adj. . given or
taken on credit.
wnaXu& /u.na.Æu~/ <u.na.Æu~> adj. .
pertaining to summer.
wnaXo /u.na.Æo/ <u.na.Æo> masc. .
summer.

wpr /u.p\r/ <u.p\.r\> postp. 1. above.
2. on. 3. over something.
wpra&t /up.ra~t/ <u.p\.ra~.t\> advb. .1.
additionally. 2. besides.
wprI /up.ri/ <u.p\.rii> masc. . a superior
officier.
wpvas /up.vas/ <u.p\.va.s\> masc. . afasting.
wps&har /up.sam.har/ <u.p\.s\~.ha.r\>masc. a summary.
wpa6 /u.paÎ/ <u.pa.Î\> masc. .
withdrawal of money.
wpa6vu& /u.paÎ.vu~/ <u.pa.Î\.vu~> v.tr. . to
lift.
wpay /u.paj/ <u.pa.j\> masc. . a cure.

wpkar /up.kar/ <u.p\.ka.r\> masc. . anobligation.

29
wmda /um.da/ adj. . <u.m\.da> 1. best.
2. excellent.

W`6vu& /u.k˙\Î.vu~/ <uu.kh\.Î\.vu~>
v.intr. . to be ripped off.

wmr /u.m\r/ <u.m\.r\> fem. . age.

W`a6vu& /u.k˙aÎ.vu~/ <uu.k˙a.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
.1. to tear off, 2. to dismember.

wmXko /u.m\Æ.ko/ <u.m\.Æ\.ko> masc. .
an outburst of warm feeling.
wm&g /u.m\˜.g\/ <u.m\~.g\> masc. zeal.
wmervu& /u.mer.vu~/ <u.me.r\.vu~> v.tr. .toadd.
wmero /u.me.ro/ <u.me.ro> masc. . anaddition.
wl4avvu& /ul.ˇav.vu~/ <u.l\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. .
to turn up side down.
wlecvu& /u.lec.vu~/ <u.le.c\.vu~> v.tr. . toraise up water.
wLle` /ul.lek˙/ <u.lle.kh\.vu~> masc. . amention.
w+kervu& /uß.ker.vu~/ <u.ßke.r\.vu~> v.tr. .
to instigate.
w&dr /un.d\r/ masc. .<u~.d\.r\> 1. a rat.
2. a mouse.
w&bro /um.b\.ro/ <u~.b\.ro> masc. thethreshold of a door.

W
WkXvu& /u.k\.vu~/ <uu.k\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .
to boil.
WkaXvu& /u.ka.Æ\.vu~/ <u.ka.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.
.to boil.

Wgrvu& /u.g\r.vu~/ <uu.g\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .
to escape.
Wgvu& /ug.vu~/ <uu.g\.vu~> v.intr. . togrow.
Wgvu& /ug.vu~/ <uu.g\.vu~> v.intr. . torise.
Wckvu& /u.c\k.vu~/ <uu.c\.k\.vu~> v.tr. .1.
to life. 2. to raise.
W2rvu& /u.c˙\r.vu~/ <uu.ch\.r\.vu~> v.intr.
. to be brought up.
Wjvvu& /u.Ô\v.vu~/ <uu.Ô\.v\.vu~> v.tra.
.to celebrate.
WjXu& /uÔ.Æu~/ <uu.Ô\.Æu~> adj. .1. bright. 2.
shining.
W5vu& /uˇ˙.vu~/ <uu.ˇh\.vu~> v.intr. . tostand up.
W6vu& /uÎ.vu~/ <uu.Î\.vu~> v.intr. . to fly.
W8p /u.¯\p/ <uu.¯\.p\> fem. .a
deficiency.
Wtrvu& /u.t\r.vu~/ <uu.t\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .
to climb down.
W9lvu& /u.t˙\l.vu~/ <uu.th\.l\.vu~> v.intr. .
to be up-side-down.
W9lo /u.t˙.lo/ <uu.th\.lo> masc. .1. an
upset. 2. an overturning.

30
W0; /u.d˙\.i/ <uu.dh\.ii> fem. . a whiteant.
Wn /un/ <uu.n\> neut. . wool.
Wpj /u.p\Ô/ <uu.p\.Ô\> fem. .1. a farm
product. 2. an income.
Wp6vu& /u.p\Î.vu~/ <uu.p\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.
.1. to be lifted. 2. to set out a journey.
W-aW- /u.b˙a.ub˙/ <uu.bha.uu.bh\>advb.
hurriedly.
W-u& /u.b˙u~/ <uu.bhu~> adj. . standing
upright.
Wl4I /ul.ti/ <uu.l\.ˇii> fem. . vomiting.
Wl4u& /ul.ˇu~/ <uu.l\.ˇu~> adj. .1. opposite.
2. contrary.
WlXvu& /u.l\Æ.vu~/ <uu.l\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .
to be bumped.
Whapoh /u.ha.poh/ <uu.ha.po.h\> masc.
. uproar.
W&3 /u~˜.g\/ <uu~.gh\> fem. . sleep.
W&ckvu& /u~.c\k.vu~/ <uu.c\.k\.vu~> v.tr.
.to lift up.

W&0Iyu& /u~n.d˙i.ju~/ <uu~.dhii.ju~> neut. . afood made of vegetables, various typesof beans, roots and etc. Popular in South
Gujarat.
W&0u& /u~n.d˙u~/ <uu.dhu~> adj. . bottom
upward.

¢¢ju /ru.Ôu/ adj. . <ru≤.Ôu> 1.soft. 2.
gentle.
¢8 /ru¯/ <ru≤.¯\> neut. . a debt.
¢tu /ru.tu/ <ru≤.tu> fem. . a season.
¢iq /ru.ßi/ <ru≤.s°i> masc. . a sage.

Ae
Ae /e/ <e> adj. .that.
Aek /ek/ <e.k\> adj. .one.1.
Aek4a8u& /ek.ˇa.¯u~/ <e.k\.ˇa.¯u~> neut. . akind of fasting in which a person eats
only once a day.
Aek6o /ek.Îo/ <e.k\.Îo> masc. . the signof number 1.
Aekta /ek.ta/ <e.k\.ta> fem. . unity.

W&ca; /u~.cai/ <uu~.ca.ii> fem. . height.
W&cu& /u~.cu~/ <uu~.cu~> adj. . high.
W&4 /u~ˇ/ <uu~.ˇ\> neut. . a camel..
W&6a; /un.Îa.i/ <uu~.Îa.ii> fem. . depth.
W&6u& /u~¯.Îu~/ <uu~.Îu~> adj. . deep.

AektaXIs /ek.ta.Æis/ <e.k\.ta.Æi.s\> adj. .
forty one.
Aek{aIs /e.k\.tris/ <e.k\.trii.s\> adj. .
thirty one.
Aekdm /ek.d\m/ <e.k\.d\.m\> advb. . at
once.

31

Aek0aru& /ek.d˙a.ru~/ <e.k.dha.ru~> adj. .1.
constant. 2. incessant.
AekpxI /ek.p\.kßi/ <e.k\.p\.kßii> adj. .
one sided.
AekpiTn]v /ek.p\t.nit.v\/<e.k\.p\.tni.ttv\> neut. monogamy.
Aekm /e.k\m/ <e.k\.m\> fem. . fist dayof bright or dark half of Hindu month.
Aekma{a /ek.mat.r\/ <e.k\.ma.tr\> adj. .
the only one of a type.

Aeks5 /ek.s\ˇ˙/ <e.k\.vi.s\> adj. . sixty
one.
Aeksr`u& /ek.s\r.k˙u~/ <e.k\.s\.r\.khu~>
adj. . uniform.
Aek&dr /ekn.d\r/ <e.k\~.d\.r\> advb. .
totally.
AekaAek /e.ka.ek/ <e.ka.e.k\> advb. .
suddenly.
Aeka8u& /e.ka.¯u~/ <e.ka.¯u~> adj. . ninety
one.

Aekmek /ek.mek/ <e.k\.me.k\> advb. .
mutually.

Aekad=I /e.ka.d\.ßi/ <e.ka.d\.ßii> fem. .
the eleventh day of dark or bright half ofa Hindu month.

Aekrag /ek.rag/ masc. . <e.k\.ra.g\> 1.
unity. 2. harmony.

Aeka=I /e.ka.ßi/ <e.ka.ßii> adj. . eightyone.

Aek£p /ek.rup/ <e.k\.ruu.p\> adj. . ofsimilar form.

Aeka&kI /e.ka~.ki/ <e.ka~.kii> adj. . one act
play.

Aekl dokl /e.k\l do.k\l/<e.k\.l\.do.k\.l\> adj. . lonely.

Aeka&t /e.ka~n.t\/ <e.ka~.t\> neut. . lonely.

Aeklpe4u& /e.k\l.pe.ˇu~/ <e.k\.l\./pe.ˇu~>adj. . selfish.
Aeklvayu& /e.k\l.va.ju~/ <e.k\.l\.va.ju~> adj.
. lonely.
Aekvgu& /ek.v\.gu~/ <e.k\.v\.gu~> adj. . all
together.
Aekvcn /ek.v\.c\n/ <e.k\.v.c\.n\> neut.
. singular.
AekvIs /ek.vis/ <e.k\.vi.s\> adj. . twenty
one.

AekI sa9e /e.ki sa.t˙e/ <e.kii.sa.the> advb.
. all at atime.
Aekek /ek.kek/ <e.ke.k\> advb. . one byone.
Aekotr /e.ko.t\r/ <e.ko.t\.r\> adj. .
seventy one.
Aekya=I /e.kja.ßi/ <e.kja.ßi> adj. . eighty
one.
Ae4le /eˇ.le/ <e.ˇ\.le> advb. . therefore.
Ae5u& /´.ˇ˙u~/ <e.thu~> neut. . the left over
food.

32
Ae6I /e.Îi/ <e.Îii> fem. . heel.

seventy nine.

AelcI /el.ci/ <e.l\.cii> fem. . cardamom.

Aog8Is /og.¯is/ <o.g\.¯i.s\> adj.
.nineteen.

AelcI /el.ci/ <e.l\.cii> masc. . anambassador. (honorific)
Aev6u& /ev.Îu~/ <e.v\.Îu~> advb. . of thatsize.
Aevu& /e.vu~/ <e.vu~> advb. . of thatmanner.
Aevama& /e.va.ma~/ <e.va.ma~> advb. . inthe mean time.
Ae= /´ß/ <e.ß\> masc. .enjoyment.
.

AE
AEravt /\i.ra.v\t/ <\i.ra.v\.t\> masc. .
Indra’s elephant (with seven trunks).
AE¼yR /\i.ßv\.rj\/ <\i.ßv\.rj\> neut.
godliness.

Ao
Aog8calIs /o.g\¯.ca.lis/<o.g\.¯\.ca.lii.s\> adj. . thirty nine.
Aog8{aIs /o.g\¯.tris/ <o.g\.¯\.tri.s\>
adj.
.twenty nine.
Aog8pcas /o.g\¯.p\.cas/<o.g\.¯\.p›.ca.s\> adj. .forty nine.
Aog8sa;5 /o.g\¯. sa.iˇ˙/<o.g\.¯\.sa.i.ˇh\> adj. .fifty nine.
Aog*yaAe&=I./og.¯ja. ´~ßi/ <o.g\.¯ja.e.ßii>adj.

AoXgvu& /ø.g\Æ.vu~/ <o.g\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr ..tomelt.
AoicNtu& /ø.cin.tu~/ <o.ci.ntu~> advb. .
suddenly.
AoC2v /oc.c˙\v/ <o.cch\.v\> masc. . a
festival.
Ao2abolu& /o.c˙a.bo.lu~/ <o.cha.bo.lu~> adj.
. reserved.
Ao2u& /o.c˙u~/ <o.chu~> adj. . less thannecessary.
Aojar /o.Ôar/ <o.Ôa.r\> neut. . an
instrument.
Ao4 /oˇ/ <o.ˇ\> masc. . an ebb.
Ao4lo /oˇ.lo/ <o.ˇ\.lo> masc. . a raised
platform adjoining the outer wall of abuilding.
Ao4vu& /oˇ.vu~/ <o.ˇ\.vu~> v.tran.. to hem.
Ao7vu& /oÎ˙.vu~/ <o.Îh\.vu~> v.tr. .1. towrap over the body. 2. to wear a sari.
Aor6o /or.Îo/ <o.r\.Îo> masc. . a room.
Aorvu& /or.vu~/ <o.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to sow
seeds.
AorI /o.ri/ <o.rii> fem. .1. small-pox 2.
measles.
Aolvvu& /o.l\v.vu~/ <o.l\.v\.vu~> v.tr. . toextinguish.

33
AosrI /os.ri/ <o.s\.rii> fem. . the front
open part of a house.

kcrape4I /k\c.ra pe.ˇi/ <k\.c\.ra.pe.ˇii>
fem. a dust bin.

Ao=Iku& /o.ßi.ku~/ <o.ßii.ku~> neut. . apillow.

kcro /k\c.ro/ <k\.c\.ro> masc. .
garbage.

AoX` /o.Æ\k˙/ <o.Æ\.kh\> fem. . idenitity.

kcva4 /k\c.vaˇ/ <k\.c\.va.ˇ\> masc. .1.
grumbling. 2. dissatisfaction.

AoXvu& /oÆ.vu~/ <o.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. . to comb
(hair).
AoX&gvu& /o.Æ\˜.g\.vu~/ <o.Æ\~.g\.vu~> v.tr. .
to cross over.

AO
AOicTy /\u.ci.tj\/ <au.ci.tj\> adj. .
appropriateness.
AOdICy /\u.diŠ.cj\/ <\u.dii.cj\> masc. . a
sub-caste of Brahmin
AOpcarRIk /\up.ca.rik/ <\u.p\.ca.rii.k\>
adj. . formal.
AOq0 /\u.ß\d˙/ <\u.s°\.dh\> neut. a
medicine.
Aod\yoigk /\u.djo.gik/ <\u.djo.gi.k\>
adj. . industial.

K

kca= /k\.caß/ <k\.ca.ß\> fem.
1.unripenness. 2. imperfection. 3.
deficiency.
kcu&br /k\.cum.b\r/ <k\.cu~,b\.r\> neut.
raw vegetables cut into pieces.
kcorI /k\.co.ri/ <k\.co.rii> fem. . a typeof food.
kijya`or /k\.Ôi.ja.k˙or/ <k\.Ôi.ja.kho.r\>adj. quarrelsome.
kjo6u& /k\.Ôo.Îu~/ <k\.Ôo.Îu~> neut. . anunfit match.
k4ko /k\ˇ.ko/ <k\.ˇ\.ko> masc. . a piece.
k4ok4I /k\.ˇo.k\.ˇi/ <k\.ˇo.k\.ˇii> fem. . acrisis.
k4oro /k\.ˇo.ro/ <k\.ˇo.ro> masc. . abowl.
k58 /k\.ˇ˙\¯/ <k\.ˇh\.¯\> adj. . hard.

kk\ko /k\k.ko/ <k\.kko> masc. .
alphabet.

k5In /k\.ˇ˙in/ <k\.ˇhii.n\> adj. .
difficult.

kckc /k\c. k\c/ <k\.c\.k\.c\> fem. .1. aboring talk. 2. a quarrel.

ki5yaro /k\.ˇ˙i.ja.ro/ <k\.ˇhi.ja.ro> masc.
.a woodcutter.

kc6vu& /k\.c\Î.vu~/ <k\.c\.Î\.vu~> v.tr. totrample.

k5e6o /k\.ˇ˙e.Îo/ <k\.ˇhe.Îo> masc. . arailing.

34k5or /k\.ˇ˙or/ <k\.ˇho.r\> adj. . harsh.

kd£pu& /k\d.ru.pu~/ <k\.d\.ruu.pu~> adj. .
ugly.

k5oX /k\.ˇ˙oÆ/ <k\.ˇho.Æ\> neut. . pulses.
k6ko /k\Î.ko/ <k\.Î\.ko> masc. .1.apiece
2. penniless.
k6vu& /k\Î.vu~/ <k\.Î\.vu~> adj. . bitter intaste.

kdavr /k\.da.v\r/ <k\.da.v\.r\> adj.
.huge.
kn6gt /k\.n\Î.g\t/ <k\.n\.Î\.g\.t\>fem. . harassment.
kNya /k\n.ja/ <k\.nja> fem. .1. anunmarried girl. 2. Virgo.

k6akU4 /k\.Îa.kuˇ/ <k\.Îa.kuu.ˇ\> fem. .
unnecessary botheration.

kp4 /k\.p\ˇ/ <k\.p\.ˇ\> neut. . deceit.

k6Iyo /k\.Îi.jo/ <k\.Îii.jo> masc. .1. amason 2. a brick-layer

kp6a&l]aa& /k\p.Îa~.l\t.ta~/ <k\.p\.Îa~.l\.tta~>
neut. pl.. clothes.

k6I /k\.Îi/ <k\.Îii> fem. .1. a hook 2. anearring.

kp6u& /k\p.Îu~/ <k\.p\.Îu~> neut. . cloth.
kpru& /k\p.ru~/ <k\.p\.ru~> adj. . tough.

k6u& /k\.Îu~/ <k\.Îu~> neut. . an armlet.
k7&gu& /k\.Î˙\˜.gu/ <k\.Îh\~.gu~> adj. .1.
clumsy 2. awkward in shape.
k7I /k\.Î˙i/ <k\.Îhii> fem. .a food item.
k8 /k\¯/ <k\.¯\> masc. a grain.
k8svu& /k\.¯\s.vu~/ <k\.¯\.s\.vu~> v.intr.
. to groan.
k9Xvu& /k\.t˙\Æ.vu~/ <k\.th\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.
.to deteriorate.

kpaX /k\.pa/ <k\.pa.Æ\> neut. . theforehead.
kpas /k\.pas/ <k\.pa.s\> masc. . a
cotton plant.
kpoX /k\.poÆ/ <k\.po.Æ\> adj. . a sub
caste in Bania community.
kf /k\p˙/ <k\.ph\> masc. .cough.
kb@yat /k\.b\.Ôi.jat/ <k\.b\.Ôii.ja.t\>masc.
constipation.

k9a /k\.t˙a/ <k\.tha> fem. . a stroy.
k9akar /k\.t˙a.kar/ <k\.tha.ka.r\> masc.
. a story teller.

kbjo /k\b.Ôo/ <k\.b\.Ôo> masc. . a
blouse.
kbr /k\.b\r/ <k\.b\.r\> fem. . a grave.

kd /k\d/ <k\.d\> neut. . size.
kba4 /k\.baˇ/ neut. . a cup-board.

35
kbUtr /k\.bu.t\r/ <k\.buu.t\.r\> neut. .
a pigeon.
kmnsIb /k\m.n\.sib/ <k\.m\.n\.sii.b\>adj. . unfortunate.

kra /k\.ra/ <k\.ra> masc. pl..1. hailstones.
krar /k\.rar/ <k\.ra.r\> masc. . a writtenagreement.

kmr /k\.m\r/ <k\.m\.r\> fem. . a waist.
kmX /k\.m\Æ/ <k\.m\.Æ\> neut. . a lotus.
kmXo /k\m.Æo/ <k\.m\.Æo> masc. .
jaundice.
kma; /k\.ma.i/ <k\.ma.ii> fem. .
earnings.
kmavu& /l\.ma.vu~/ <k\.ma.vu~> v.intr. . toearn.

kirya8u& /k\.ri.ja.¯u~/ <k\.ri.ja.¯u~> neut. .
grocery.
kiryavr /k\.ri.ja.v\r/ <k\.ri.ja.v\.r\>
neut. . a bride’s father’s gift tobridegroom and his relatives.
kru8 /k\.ru¯/ <k\.ru.¯\> adj. .1.
pathetic 2. tragic.
kru8a /k\.ru.¯a/ <k\.ru.¯a> fem. .
kindness.

kmurt /k\.mu.r\t/ <k\.mu.r\.t\> neut.
inauspicious time or hour.

k£p /k\.rup/ <k\.ruu.p\> adj. . ugly.

kmot /k\.mot/ <k\.mo.t\> neut. .
unnatural death.

kro6 /k\.roÎ/ <k\.ro.Î\> adj. . ten
millions.

kmosm /k\.mo.s\m/ <k\.mo.s\.m\>fem. .1. bad weather. 2. untimely.

kro6 /k\.roÎ/ <k\.ro.Î\> fem. . a spine.

krksr /k\r.k\.s\r/ <k\.r\.k\.s\.r\> fem.
. economy.
krgrvu& /k\r.g\r.vu~/ <k\.r\.g\.r\.vu~>
v.intr. . to request humbly.
krclo /k\.r\c.lo/ <k\.r\.c\.lo> masc. . a
crab.

kro6rjju /k\.roÎ.r\Ô.Ôu/ <k\.ro.Î\.r\.ÔÔu>fem. . the spinal cord.
kroiXyo /k\.ro.Æi.jo/ <k\.ro.Æi.jo> masc. .
a spider.
kl&k /k\.l\nk/ <k\.l\~.k\> neut. .1. a blot
2. a blemish.
kla /k\.la/ <k\.la> fem. . art.

krj /k\.r\Ô/ <k\.r\.Ô\> neut. . a debt.
klak /k\.lak/ <k\.la.k\> masc. . an hour.
krmavu& /k\r.ma.vu~/ <k\.r\.ma.vu~>
v.intr..to wither.
krvu& /k\r.vu~/ <k\.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to do.

klakar /k\.la.kar/ <k\.la.ka.r\> masc. .
an artist.

36
kLpna /k\l.p\.na/ <k\.lp\.na> fem. .
imagination.

k;& /k\.i~/ <k\.ii~> advb. .1. where? 2.
some.

kLpvu& /k\l.p\.vu~/ <k\.lp\.vu~> v.tr. . toimagine.

k;&k /k\.i~k/ <k\.ii~.k\> advb. .
something.

kLya8 /k\l.ja.¯\/ <k\.lja.¯\> neut. .
well-being.

k&kav4I /k\n.ka.vaˇi/ <k\~.ka.v\.ˇii> fem. .
a small bowl to keep k&ku>

kviy{aI /k\.v\.ji.tri/ <k\.v\ji.tri> fem. .a
female poet.
kiv /k\.vi/ masc. . <k\.vi> a male poet.

k&ku /k\n.ku/ <k\~.ku> neut. . a red
powder/ paste used in rituals and certainsocial customs such as putting bindi on
the forehead.

k=u& /k\.ßu~/ <k\.ßu~> adj. . whateverthing.

k&kotrI /k\.nko.t\.ri/ <k\~.ko.t\.rii> fem. .
an invitation letter.

k=u&k /k\.ßu~k/ <k\.ßu~.k\> adj. .
something.

k&jUs /k\n.Ôus/ <k\~.Ôu.s\> adj. . miserly.

ksrt /k\s.r\t/ <k\.s\.r\.t\> fem. . an
exercise.
ksa; /k\.sai/ <k\.sa.ii> masc. . abutcher.

k&4aXvu& /k\n.ˇaÆ.vu~/ <k\~.ˇa.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .
to be bored.
k&4aXo /k\n.ˇa.Æo/ <k\~.ˇa.Æo> masc. .
medium.

kso4I /k\.so.ˇi/ <k\.so.ˇii> fem. . a test.

k&5 /k\¯t˙/ <k\~.ˇh\> masc. .1. the throat
2. a vocal tune.

khe8 /k\.he¯/ <k\.he.¯\> neut. . amessage.

k&5I /k\¯.ˇ˙i/ <k\~.ˇhii> fem. . a kind ofnecklace.

khevt /k\.he.v\t/ <k\.he.v\.t\> fem. . a
proverb.

k&do; /k\n.doi/ masc. . a confectioner.

khevu& /k\.he.vu~/ <k\.he.vu~> v.tr. . to say.

k&doro /k\n.do.ro/ <k\~.do.ro> masc. . a
waist-band.

k¬agru& /k\h.ja.g\.ru~/ <k\.hja.g\.ru~>
adj. . obedient.

k&parI /k\m.pa.ri/ <k\~.pa.rii> fem. . ashivering.

kXtr /k\Æ.t\r/ <k\.Æ\.t\.r\> neut. . akind of body pain.

k&pvu& /k\mp.vu~/ <k\~.p\.vu~> v.intr. .1. toshiver 2. to tremble.

kXI /k\.Æi/ <k\.Æii> fem. . a bud.

k&sar /k\m.sar/ <k\~.sa.r\> masc. .asweet.

37
kak6I /kak.Îi/ <ka.k\.Îii> fem. .
cucumber.

ka7vu& /kaÎ˙.vu~/ <ka.Îh\.vu~> v.tr. . totake out.

kaka /ka.ka/ <ka.ka> masc. hon..
paternal uncle.

ka8u& /ka.¯u~/ <ka.¯u~> adj. .1. a hole, 2.
one-eyed.

kaka@ /ka.ka.Ôi/ <ka.ka.Ôii> masc. . a
brother of the father-in-law.

katr /ka.t\r/ <ka.t\.r\> fem. . scissors.

kakI /ka.ki/ <ka.kii> fem. . a paternal
uncle’s wife.
kakI@ /ka.ki.Ôi/ <ka.ka.Ôii> fem. . thewife of the brother of the father-in-law.

katrvu& /ka.t\r.vu~/ <ka.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to
cut with scissors.
katrI /kat.ri/ <ka.t\.rii> fem. .a waferthin slice.
kadv /ka.d\v/ <ka.d\.v\> masc. . mud.

kag6o /kag.Îo/ <ka.g\.Îo> masc. . acrow.
kagX /ka.g\Æ/ <ka.g\.Æ\> masc. .1. paper
2. a letter.
kagaroX /ka.ga.roÆ/ <ka.ga.ro.Æ\> fem. .
rowdism.
kac /kac/ <ka.c\> masc. .1. glass 2.
mirror.

kan /kan/ <ka.n\> masc. . an ear.
kap /kap/ <ka.n\> masc. . reduction.
kap6 /ka.p\Î/ <ka.p\.Î\> neut. . cloth.
kaplI /kap.li/ <ka.p\.lii> fem. . aclipping of a paper.
kapvu& /kap.vu~/ <ka.p\.vu~> v.tr. . to cut.

kacbo /kac.bo/ <ka.c\.bo> masc. . a
tortoise.

kapo /ka.po/ <ka.po> masc. .1.a cut. 2 amark made by cutting.

kaic&6o /ka.ci¯.Îo/ <ka.c\~.Îo> masc. . achameleon.

kabr /ka.b\r/ <ka.b\.r\> neut. . a kindof bird.

kacu& /ka.cu~/ <ka.cu~> adj. .1.unripe 2.
raw.

kabU /ka.bu/ <ka.buu> masc. . control.

kajX /ka.Ô\Æ/ <ka.Ô\.Æ\> neut. .eye-salve.

kam /kam/ <ka.m\> neut. . work

kaju /ka.Ôu/ <ka.Ôu> neut. . a cashew-nut.

kam /kam/ <ka.m\> masc. . sexualdesire.

ka4 /kaˇ/ <ka.ˇ\> masc. . rust.

kamclaw& /kam.c\.lau~/ adj. .tentative.

38
kamcor /kam.cor/ <ka.m\.co.r\> adj. .
not inclined to work.
kamdar /kam.dar/ <ka.m\.da.r\> masc. .
a manual worker.
kamdev /kam.dev/ <ka.m\.de.v\> masc. .
ther god of love.
kam0&0o /ka.d˙n.d˙o/ <ka.m\.dh\~.dho>
masc. .1. business 2. profession.

kaXju& /kaÆ.Ôu~/ <ka.Æ\.Ôuu> neut. .1.thelever.
kaXu& /la.Æu~/ <ka.Æu~> adj. . black.
kaXotrI /ka.Æo.t\.ri/ <ka.Æo.t\.rii> fem. . aletter containg someone’s death’s
message.
ka&krI /ka~k.ri/ <ka~.k\.rii> fem. . a smll
pebble.

kaydo /kaj.do/ <ka.j\.do> masc. . a law.
kaym /ka.j\m/ <ka.j\.m\> adj. . forever.
karkun /kar.kun/ <ka.r\.ku.n\> masc. . aclerk.
kar`anu& /kar.k˙a.nu~/ <ka.r\.kha.nu~>
neut. . a factory.
kar8 /ka.r\¯/ <ka.r\.¯\> neut. .1. areason 2. a cause.
kartk /kar.t\k/ <ka.r\.t\.k\> masc. . thefirst month of Hindu year.
kartUs /kar.tus/ <ka.r\.tu.s\> neut. . a
cartridge.
kar-ar /kar.b˙ar/ <ka.r\.bha.r\> masc. .
management.
kal /kal/ <ka.l\> fem. .1.tomrrow 2.
yesterday.
kavtru& /ka.v\t.ru~/ <ka.v\.t\.ru~> neut. .
fraud.

ka&kro /ka~k.ro/ <ka~.k\.ro> masc. . apebble.
ka&4aXu& /ka~.ˇa.Æu~/ <ka~.ˇa.Æu~> adj. . throny.
ka&4o /ka~.ˇo/ <ka~.ˇo> masc. . a thorn.
ka&4o /ka~.ˇo/ <ka~.ˇo> masc. . a weighing
machine.
ka&5o /ka~.ˇ˙o/ <ka~.ˇho> masc. .1. a bank 2.
a shore 3 a coast.
ka&6u& /ka~¯.Îu~/ <ka~.Îu~> neut. . a wrist.
ka&do /ka¯.do/ <ka~.do> masc. . onion.
ka&0 /ka~n.d˙\/ <ka~.dh\> fem. . one of theshoulders.
ka&skI /ka~s.ki/ <ka~.s\.kii> fem. . a small
comb mainly for women.
ka&sko /ka~s.ko/ <ka~.s\.ko> masc. . a
comb.
ikLlo /kil.lo/ <ki.llo> masc. . a fortress.

kaVy /kav.j\/ <ka.vj\> neut. . a poem.
kaX@ /kaÆ.Ôi/ <ka.Æ\.Ôii> fem. . care.

ik=or /ki.ßor/ <ki.ßo.r\> masc. . a minor
boy.

39

ik=orI /ki.ßo.ri/ <ki.ßo.rii> fem. . a minor
girl.
kI4lI /kiˇ.li/ <kii.ˇ\.lii> fem. . a kettle.
kI6I. /ki.Îi/ <kii.Îii> fem. . an ant.

ku&-ar /kum.b˙ar/ <ku~.bha.r\> masc. . a
potter.
ku&varu& /ku~.va.ru~/ <ku~.vaa.ru~> adj. .
unmarried.
kUk6o /kuk.Îo/ <kuu.k\.Îo> masc. . acock.

kI6o /ki.Îo/ <kii.Îo> masc. . an insect.
kUk6I /kuk.Îi/ <kuu.k\.Îii> fem. . a hen.
kImt /ki.m\t/ <kii.m\.t\> fem. . price.
kIitR /kir.ti/ <kii.rti> fem. . fame.
ku4u&b /ku.ˇum.b\/ <ku.ˇu~.b\> neut. . afamily.
ku4ev /ku.ˇev/ <ku.ˇe.v\> fem. . a badhabit.
kutUhl /ku.tu.h\l/ <ku.tu.h\.l\> neut.
curiosity.
kudrt /kud.r\t/ <ku.d\.r\.t\> fem. .
nature.
kUXdev /kuÆ.dev/ <ku.Æ\.de.v\> masc. . afamily deity.

kUtrI /kut.ri/ <kuu.t\.rii> fem. . a female
dog.
kUtru& /kut.ru~/ <kuu.t\.ru~> neut. . a dog.
kUtro /kut.ro/ <kuu.t\.ro> masc. . a maledog.
kU9lI /kut˙.li/ <ku.th\.lii> fem. . scandal.
kUdvu& /kud.vu~/ <ku.d\.vu~> v.intr. . tojump.
kudavvu& /ku.dav.vu~/ <ku.da.v\.vu~> v.tr.
see kuda6vu.
kUvo /ku.vo/ <ku.vo> masc. . a waterwell.

kuStI /kus.ti/ <ku.stii> fem. . wrestling.
kuseva /ku.se.va/ <ku.se.vaa> fem. . a
disservice.
kuha6I /ku.ha.Îi/ <ku.ha.Îii> fem. . asmall axe.
kuha6o /ku.ha.Îo/ <ku.ha.Îio> masc. . anaxe.
ku&6X /ku¯.Î\Æ/ <ku~.Î\.Æ\> masc. a kindof ear ring.

kU&cI /ku~.ci/ <ku~.cii> fem. .1. a key 2. aclue.
kU&pX /ku.mp\Æ/ <kuu~.p\.Æ\> fem. . asprout.
ke4lu& /keˇ.lu~/ <ke.ˇ\.lu~> adj. . how much.
ke6 /k´Î/ <ke.Î\> fem. .a waist.
ked /k´d/ <ke.d\> fem. . a prison.
kem /k´m/ <ke.m\> advb. .why.

40

kedI /k´.di/ <ke.dii> masc. .a prisoner.
kerI /k´.ri/ <ke.rii> fem. .a mango.

kotrvu& /ko.t\r.vu~/ <ko.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. .1.
to engrave 2. to carve.
ko9mIr /kot˙.mir/ <ko.th\.mii.r\> neut.
coriander.

kev6u& /kev.Îu~/ <ke.v\.Îu~> adj. .how big
kevu& /ke.vu~/ <ke.vu~> adj. .of what kind.
kesr /ke.s\r/ <ke.s\.r\> neut. .saffron.
kesrI /kes.ri/ <ke.s\.rii> adj. .saffron
colored.
keX /keÆ/ <ke.Æ\> fem. .a banana-tree.
keXv8I /ke.Æ\v.¯i/ <ke.Æ\.v\.¯ii> fem. .1.
bringing up. 2. training.

ko9XI /kot˙.Æi/ <ko.th\.Æii> fem. .a purseof cloth.
ko9Xo /koˇ˙.Æo/ <ko.th\.Æo> masc. .alarge beg of cloth.
kodaXI /ko.da.Æi/ <ko.da.Æii> fem. .1. ahoe 2. a spade.
konu& /kø.nu~/ <ko.nu~> pron.. whose.
kopru& /kop.ru~/ <ko.p\.ru~> neut. .a kernelof a coconut.

keXvvu& /ke.Æ\v.vu~/ <ke.Æ\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .tobring up.

kom /kom/ <ko.m\> fem. .a caste-group.

keXu& /ke.Æu~/ <ke.Æu~> neut. .a banana.

komvad /kom.vad/ <ko.m\.va.d\> masc.
.1. communalism 2. castism.

ko; /ko.i/ <ko.i> prono..someone.
kogXIyu& /kø.g\.Æi.ju~/ <ko.g\.Æii.ju~> neut.
cholera.
kogXo /køg.Æo/ <ko.g\.Æo> masc. .1. amouthful of liquid 2. a gargle.
ko5I /ko.ˇ˙i/ <ko.ˇhii> fem. .a large vesselto stor grain.
ko6Iyu& /ko.Îi.ju~/ <ko.Îii.ju~> neut. .a kindof earthern lamp.

korvu& /kor.vu~/ <ko.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to bore ahole.
kolso /kol.so/ <ko.l\.so> masc. .coal.
kolahl /ko.la.h\l/ <ko.la.h\.l\> masc. .acontinuous loud noise.
koi== /ko.ßiß/ <ko.ßi.ß\> fem. .an effort.
kohvu& /koh.vu~/ <ko.h\.vu~> v.intr. .to rot.
koXI /ko.Æi/ <ko.Æii> fem. .a caste.

ko7 /koÎ˙/ <ko.Îh\> masc. .leprosy.
koXu& /ko.Æu~/ <ko.Æu~> neut. .a pumpkin.
ko8I /kø.¯i/ <ko.¯ii> fem. .an elbow.
kO4uiMbk /k\u.ˇum.bik/ <k\u.tu~.mbi.k\>
adj. pertaining to a family.

41

kO-a&6 /k\u.b˙a~nÎ/ <k\u.bha~.Î\> neut.
.a scandal.
kO&s /k\ums/ <k\u~.s\> masc. .a bracket.
Ex. [], {}, ( ).
kyare /kja.re/ <kja.re> advb. .when.
kya& /kja~/ <k\.ja~> advb. .where.

`jU.rI /k˙\.Ôu.ri/ <kh\.Ôu.rii> fem. .a datetree.
`jUro /k˙\.Ôu.ro/ <kh\.Ôuu.ro> masc. .a
centipede.
`4kvu& /k˙\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <kh\.ˇ\.k\.vu~>
v.exp.. to repent.
`4p4 /k˙\ˇ.p\ˇ/ <kh\.ˇ\.p\.ˇ\> fem. .an
intrigue.

k/ur /kru.r\/ <kru.r\> adj. .cruel.
k/o0 /kro.d˙\/ <kro.dh\> masc. .anger.

`4ml /k˙\ˇ.m\l/ <kh\.ˇ\.m\.l\> masc.
.a bug.

``4mI5u& /k˙\ˇ.mi.ˇ˙u~/ <kh\.ˇ\.mii.ˇhu~>adj. sour and sweet.

``6vu& /k˙\.k˙\Î.vu~/ <kh\.kh\.Î\.vu~>
v.intr. .to rattle.

`4rag /k˙\ˇ.rag/ <kh\.ˇ\.ra.g\> masc. .aquarrel.

``6avvu& /k˙\k˙.Îav.vu~/<k˙\.k˙\.Îa.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to knock (ona door etc.).

`4lo /k˙\ˇ.lo/ <kh\.ˇ\.lo> masc. .a lawsuit.

`ckavu& /k˙\c.ka.vu~/ <kh\.c\.ka.vu~>
v.intr. .to hesitate.
`ca`c /k˙\.ca.k˙\c/ <kh\.ca.kh\.c\>advb. densely.
`Ccr /k˙\c.c\r/ <kh\.cc\.r\> neut. .amule.
`jancI /k˙\.Ôan.ci/ <kh\.Ôa.n\.cii>
masc. .a cashier.
`jano /k˙\.Ôa.no/ <kh\.Ôa.no> masc. .atreasure.
`jUr /k˙\.Ôur/ <kh\.Ôu.r\> neut. .a date
fruit.

`4vvu& /k˙\.ˇ\v.vu~/ <kh\.ˇ\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.to make things sour.
`4aro /k˙\.ˇa.ro/ <kh\.ˇa.ro> masc. .a
motor truck.
`4u&b6u& /k˙\.ˇumb.Îu~/ <kh\.ˇu~.b\.Îu~>adj. slightly sour.
`6k /k˙\.Î\k/ <kh\.Î\.k\> masc. .arock.
`6klo /k˙\.Î\k.lo/ <kh\.Î\.k\.lo>masc. .a pile.
`6kI /k˙\Î.ki/ <kh\.Î\.kii> fem. .a lane.
`6tl /k˙\Î.t\l/ <kh\.Î\.t\.l\> adj. .astrongly built.

42`6bc6u& /k˙\Î.b\c.Îu~/<kh\.Î\.b\.c\.Îu~> adj. .rough.

`ru& /k˙\.ru~/ <kh\.ru~> adj. .correct.

`6ecok /k˙\.Îe.cok/ <kh\.Îe.co.k\>
advb. publicly.

`re`r /k˙\.re.k˙\r/ <kh\.re.kh\.r\>advb. .1. truly 2. indeed.

`8vu& /k˙\¯.vu~/ <kh\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .toscratch.

`cR /k˙\r.c\/ <kh\.rc\> neut. . expense.

`tro /k˙\t.ro/ <kh\.t\.ro> masc.
.danger.
`tvvu& /k˙\.t\v.vu~/ <kh\.t\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.to make an entry in a ledger.
`dbdvu& /k˙\d.b\d.vu~/<kh\.d\.b\.d\.vu~> v.intr. .to boil witha simmering sound.

`las /k˙\.las/ <kh\.la.s\> adj. .1.
exhausted 2. the end.
`lasI /k˙\.la.si/ <kh\.la.sii> masc. .a
sailor.
`lel /k˙\.lel/ <kh\.le.l\> masc.
.disturbance.
`vas /k˙\.vas/ <kh\.va.s\> fem. .nameof a community.

`pvu& /k˙\p.vu~/ <kh\.p\.vu~> v.intr. .tobe sold.

`s /k˙\s/ <kh\.s\> fem. .scabies.

`br /k˙\.b\r/ <kh\.b\.r\> fem. .news.

`s`s /k˙\s.k˙\s/ <kh\.s\.kh\.s\> fem.
.poppy seeds.

`-o /k˙\.b˙o/ <kh\.bho> masc. .theshoulder.
`m8 /k˙\.m\¯/ <kh\.m\.¯\> neut. .afood item.
`mvu& /k˙\m.vu~/ <kh\.m\.vu~> v.tr. .totolerate.
`mIs /k˙\.mis/ <kh\.mi.s\> neut. .ashirt.
`rpvu& /k˙\.r\p.vu~/ <kh\.r\.p\.vu~> v.tr.
.to hoe.
`rvu& /k˙\r.vu~/ <kh\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .tofall (fruit, leaves etc.)`rab /k˙\.rab/ <kh\.ra.b\> adj. .bad.

`se6vu& /k˙\.seÎ.vu~/ <kh\.se.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
.to move.
`X`X /k˙\Æ. k˙\Æ/ <kh\.Æ\.kh\.Æ\> advb.
.the rippling sound of a water flow.
`&`ervu& /k˙\n.k˙er.vu~/ <kh\~.khe.r\.vu~>
v.tr. .to pluck down.
`&jrI /k˙\µ.Ô\.ri/ <kh\~.Ô\.rii> fem. .asmall tambourin.
`&jvaXvu& /k˙\µ.Ô\.vaÆ.vu~/<kh\~.Ô\.va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .to seratch.
`&6 /k˙\¯.Î\/ <kh\~.Î\> masc. .1. a part2. a room. 3. a continent.

43`&i6yer /k˙\¯.Îi.jer/ <kh\~.Îi.je.r\> neut.
.a ruin.

`atr /k˙a.t\r/ <kha.t\.r\> neut. .housebreaking (by theif)`a; /k˙a.i/ <kha.ii> fem. .1. a ditch 2. atrench.

`atrI/k˙at.ri/ <kha.t\.rii> fem. .trust.

`aw0ru& /k˙a.u.d˙\.ru~/ <kha.u.dh\.ru~>
adj. . gluttonous.

`atavhI /k˙a.ta.v\.hi/ <kha.ta.v\.hii>
fem. a ledger.

`ajlI /k˙aÔ.li/ <kha.Ô\.lii> fem. .a fooditem.

`atu& /k˙a.tu~/ <kha.tu~> neut. .an account.

`aju /k˙a.Ôu/ <kha.Ôu> neut. .a food item.
`a4kI /k˙aˇ.ki/ <kha.ˇ\.kii> masc. .abutcher.
`a4lo /k˙aˇ.lo/ <kha.ˇ\.lo> masc. .a cot.

`a0a`orakI /k˙a.d˙a.kho.ra.ki/<kha.dha.kho.ra.kii> fem. .1.
maintenance 2. livelihood.
`angI /k˙an.gi/ <kha.n\.kii> adj.
.secret.
`anu& /k˙a.nu~/ <kha.nu~> neut. .a drawer.

`a4vu& /k˙aˇ.vu~/ <kha.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. .to bebenefited.
`a4u& /k˙a.ˇu~/ <kha.ˇu~> adj. .sour.

`aboicyu& /k˙a.bo.ci.ju~/ <kha.bo.ci.ju~>
neut. .a puddle.
`amI /k˙a.mi/ <kha.mii> fem. .a defect.

`a6I /k˙a.Îi/ <kha.Îii> fem. .a creek.
`aru& /k˙a.ru~/ <kha.ru~> adj. .salty.
`a6o /k˙a.Îo/ <kha.Îo> masc. .a pit.
`a8 /k˙a¯/ <kha.¯\> fem. .a mine.
`ai8yo /k˙a.¯i.jo/ <kha.¯i.jo> masc. .a
miner.
`a8u& /k˙a.¯u~/ <kha.¯u~> neut. .a dinner.
`atmurt /k˙at.mu.r\t/ <kha.t\.mu.r\.t\>neut. .a ceremony of laying a foundation.
`atr /k˙a.t\r/ <kha.t\.r\> fem.
.hospitality.
`atr /k˙a.t\r/ <kha.t\.r\> neut.
.fertilizer.

`arek /k˙a.rek/ <kha.re.k\> fem. .a dry
date.
`al /k˙al/ <kha.l\> fem. .skin.
`alI /k˙a.li/ <kha.lii> adj. .1. empty 2.
poor 3. purposelessly.
`avu& /k˙a.vu~/ <kha.vu~> v.tr. .to eat.
`as /k˙as/ <kha.s\> adj. .1.special 2.
personal. Ex. Aa maro `as ma8s 2e.
`as /k˙as/ <kha.s\> advb. .specially.
Ex. hu& `as tmara 3er AavI=.

44`aisyt /k˙a.si.j\t/ <kha.si.j\.t\> fem. .a
special quality.

clarification.
`uLlu& /k˙ul.lu~./ <khu.llu~> adj. .open.

`aX /k˙aÆ/ <kha.Æ\> fem. .a drain.
`u= /k˙uß/ <khu.ß\> adj. .joyful.
`a&co /k˙a~.co/ <kha~.co> masc. .1. a turn
2. a lane.
`a&6 /k˙a~Î/ <kha~.Î\> fem. .sugar.
`a&6vu& /k˙a~¯Î.vu~/ <kha~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .topound.
`a&sI /k˙a~.si/ <kha~.sii> fem. .cough.
i`skolI /k˙is.ko.li/ <khi.s\.ko.lii> fem.
.a squirrel.
`Ic6I /k˙ic.Îi/ <khii.c\.Îii> fem. .afood.
`Ico`Ic /k˙i.co.k˙ic/ <khii.co.khii.c\>advb. densely.
`Ijvvu& /k˙i.Ô\v.vu~/ <khii.Ô\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.to tease.
`I8 /k˙i¯/ <khii.¯\> fem. .1. a valley 2.
a rift.
`Ir /k˙ir/ <khii.r\> fem. .a food item.
`Il /k˙il/ <khii.l\> masc. .a pimple.
`Ilvu& /k˙il.vu~/ <khii.l\.vu~> v.intr. .toblossom.
`ISsu& /k˙is.su~/ <khii.ssu~> neut. .apocket.
`ur=I /k˙ur.ßi/ <khu.r\.ßii> fem. .a chair.
`ulaso /k˙u.la.so/ <khu.la.so> masc. .a`u=numa /k˙uß.nu.ma/ <khu.ß\.nu.ma>
adj. .pleasant (climate).
`u=amt /k˙u.ßa.m\t/ <khu.ßa.m\.t\>fem..flattery.
`u=I /k˙u.ßi/ <khu.ßii> fem. .pleasure.
`UjlI /k˙uÔ.li/ <khu.Ô\.lii> fem. .itchingsensation.
`U4vu& /k˙uˇ.vu~/ <khu.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. .1. tobe used up 2. to run out.
`U8o /k˙u.¯o/ <khuu.¯o> masc. .1. anangle 2. a corner.
`Un /k˙un/ <khuu.n\> neut. .1. blood 2.
murder.
`Ub /k˙ub/ <khu.b\> adj. .1. plentiful 2.
much.
`UbI /k˙u.bi/ <khu.bii> fem. peculiar
quality.
`Ulvu& /k˙ul.vu~/ <khuu.l\.vu~> v.intr. .to
open.
`U&cvvu& /k˙u~.c\v.vu~/ <khuu.c\.v\.vu~>
v.tr. .to snatch away.
`U&cvu& /k˙u~c.vu~/ <kh\.c\.vu~> v.intr. .toprick.
`U&0 /k˙u~d˙/ <khuu~.dh\> fem. .a hump.

45`e6vu& /k˙eÎ.vu~/ <khe.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .toplow.

`o6 /k˙oÎ/ <kho.Î\> fem. .1. a defect 2.
a deficiency.

`e6Ut /k˙e.Îut/ <khe.Îuu.t\> masc. .a
farmer.

`o6vu& /k˙oÎ.vu~/ <kho.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .toerect.

`etr /k˙e.t\r/ <khe.t\.r\> neut. .a farm.

`otrvu& /k˙o.t\r.vu~/ <kho.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr.
.1. to scratch 2. to dig by scrapping.

`etI /k˙e.ti/ <khe.tii> fem. .farming.
`erat /k˙e.rat/ <khe.ra.t\> fem. .1. almsgiving 2. charity.
`el /k˙el/ <khe.l\> masc. .1. a sport.2. ashow (of play, cinema etc.)`elvu& /k˙el.vu~/ <khe.l\.vu~> v.intr. toplay.
`ela6I /k˙e.la.Îi/ <khe.la.Îii> masc. .aplayer.
`evna /k˙ev.na/ <khe.v\.naa> fem. .care.
`e&ca8 /k˙´~.ca¯/ <khe~.ca.¯\> neut.
.attraction.
`o`ru& /k˙ok˙.ru~/ <kho.kh\.ru~> adj. .1.
dull 2. broken.
`o`u& /k˙o.k˙u~/ <kho.khu~> neut. .an
empty box.
`oja /k˙o.Ôa/ <kho.Ôa> masc. .a Muslim
caste.

`odvu& /k˙od.vu~/ <kho.d\.vu~> v.tr. .todig.
`oda8 /k˙o.da¯/ <kho.da.¯\> neut. .a
digging.
`oprI /k˙op.ri/ <kho.p\.rii> fem. .theskull.
`obo /k˙o.bo/ <kho.bo> masc. .the shapeformed by the joined palms.
`orvavu& /k˙or.va.vu~/ <kho.r\.va.vu~>
v.intr. .to be disrupted.
`orak /k˙o.rak/ <kho.ra.k\> masc. .food.
`olvu& /k˙ol.vu~/ <kho.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to
open.
`ovu& /k˙o.vu~/ <kho.vu~> v.tr. .to miss.
`osvu& /k˙os.vu~/ <kho.s\.vu~> v.tr. .1. todrive into 2. to penetrate 3. to pierce.

`o4 /k˙oˇ/ <kho.ˇ\> fem. .loss.

`oXa-r8u& /kho.Æa.b˙\r.¯u~/<kho.Æa.bh\.r\.¯u~> neut. .thecelebration of first pregnancy.

`o4kavu& /k˙oˇ.ka.vu~/ <kho.ˇ\.k\.vu~>
v.intr. to stop functioning.

`oXIyu& /k˙o.Æi.ju~/ <kho.Æii.ju~> neut. .1. a
bed or pillow cover 2. the body.

`o4u& /k˙o.ˇu~/ <kho.ˇu~> adj. .1.wrong. 2.
false.

`oXo /k˙o.Æo/ <kho.Æo> masc. .the lap.

46

gg;kal /g\i.kal/ <g\.ii.ka.l\> fem.
yesterday.
gg6vu& /g\.g\Î.vu~/ <g\.g\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.
.to roll down.
gjro /g\Ô.ro/ <g\.Ô\.ro> masc. .abouquet of flowers.
gjvu& /g\Ô.vu~/ <g\.Ô\.vu~> neut. .a pocket.
gzl /g\.z\l/ <g\.Ôh\.l\> fem. .a type ofpoem.
g4g4avvu& /g\ˇ.g\.ˇav.vu~/<g\.ˇ\.g\.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. .to swallow
quickly.
g4r /g\.t\r/ <g\.ˇ\.r\> fem. .a gutter.
g5\5o /g\ˇ˙.ˇ˙o/ <g\.ˇhˇho> masc. .alump.
g6da pa4u& /g\Î.da.pa.ˇu~/<g\.Î\.da.pa.ˇu~> neut. .blows by handand feet.
g6do /g\Î.do/ <g\.Î\.do> masc. .apunch.
g6b6 /g\Î.b\Î/ <g\.Î\.b\.Î\> fem. .1.
a rowdyism 2. misappropriation.
g6m9l /g\Î.m\.t˙\l/ <g\.Î\.m\.th\.l\>fem. .hard work.
g6I /g\.Îi/ <g\.Îii> fem. .a fold (ofcloth, paper etc.).
g7 /g\Î˙/ <g\.Îh\> masc. .a fortress.

g7vI /g\Î˙.vi/ <g\.Îh\.vii> masc. .akeeper of a fortress.
g7vI /g\Î˙.vi/ <g\.Îh\.vii> fem. .acommunity.
g8karvu& /g\¯.kar.vu~/ <g\.¯\.ka.r\.vu~>
v.tr. .to care for.
g8g8vu& /g\¯.g\¯.vu~/ <g\.¯\.g\.¯\.vu~>
v.intra..1. to murmur 2. to grumble.
g8trI /g\.¯\t.ri/ <g\.¯\.t\.rii> fem. .1.
calculation 2. counting
g8pit /g\¯.p\ti/ <g\.¯\.p\.ti> masc.
hon..the god Ganpati.
g8vu& /g\¯.vu~/ <g\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .1. tocount 2. to calculate.
g8ve= /g\¯.veß/ <g\.¯\.ve.ß\> masc. .a
uniform.
gi8t /g\.¯it/ <g\.¯i.t\> neut.
.mathematics.
g8e= /g\.¯eß/ <g\.¯e.ß\> masc. the god
Ganesh.
g*yu&ga&5yu& /g\.¯ju~. ga~.ˇ˙ju~/<g\.¯ju~.ga~.ˇhju~> adj. .a little.
gtagm /g\.ta.g\m/ <g\.ta.g\.m\> fem. .
understanding.
git /g\.ti/ <g\.ti> fem. .1. motion 2.
speed.
gd\y /g\.dj\/ <g\.dj\> neut. .prose.
g0e6u& /g\.d˙e.Îu~/ <g\.dhe.Îu~> neut. .sdonkey.

47

gpgoXo /g\p.go.o/ <g\p.go.Æo> masc.
.a rumor.

gmar /g\.mar/ <g\.ma.r\> adj. .mannerless.
gr /g\r/ <g\.r\> masc. .pulp.

gpsp /g\p.s\p/ <g\.p\.s\.p\> fem.
.gossip.
gPpIdas /g\p.pi.das/ <g\.ppii.da.s\>masc. a rumor-monger.
gflt /g\p˙.l\t/ <g\.ph\.l\.t\> fem. .1. amistake 2. carelessness.
gb6vu& /g\.b\Î.vu~/ <g\.b\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.
.to roll down.
gbI /g\.bi/ <g\.bii> fem. .a foolish girlor woman.
gbo /g\.bo/ <g\.bo> masc. .a foolishboy or man.
g-ra4 /g\b˙.raˇ/ <g\.bh\.ra.ˇ\> masc.
.frightful confusion.

grj /g\.r\Ô/ <g\.r\.Ô\> fem. .need.
grju /g\r.Ôu/ <g\.r\.Ôu> adj. .needy.
grjvu& /g\.r\Ô.vu~/ <g\.r\.Ô\.vu~> v.intr.
.to thunder.
grdn /g\r.d\n/ <g\.r\.d\.n\> fem. .theneck.
grnaXu& /g\r.na.Æu~/ <g\.r\.na.Æu~> neut. .aculvert.
grbI /g\r.bi/ <g\.r\.bii> fem. .a kind ofpoem.
grbo /g\r.bo/ <g\.r\.bo> masc. .1. akind of poem 2. a pot with holes thatused during Navaratri festival.

g-ravu& /g\b˙.ra.vu~/ <g\.bh\.ra.vu~>
v.intr.
.to get frightened.

grm /g\.r\m/ <g\.r\.m\> adj. .hot.

g-ru& /g\b˙.ru~/ <g\.bh\.ru~> adj. .simplehearted.

grmagrm /g\r.ma.g\.r\m/<g\.r\.ma.g\.r\.m\> adj. .fresh andhot.

gm /g\m/ <g\.m\> masc. .sadness.
gmgIn /g\m.gin/ <g\.m\.gii.n\> adj.
.sad.
gMmt /g\m.m\t/ <g\.mm\.t\> fem.
.merriment.
gmvu& /g\m.vu~/ <g\.m\.vu~> v.exp.. tolike.

grmI /g\r.mi/ <g\.r\.mii> fem. .heat.

grvu& /g\r.vu~/ <g\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to fall
slowly (of leaves, flowers, dew etc.)
grIb /g\.rib/ <g\.rii.b\> adj. .poor.
grIba; /g\.ri.bai/ <g\.rii.ba.i> fem.
.poverty.
gru6 /g\.ruÎ/ <g\.ru.Î\> neut. .an eagle.

48
groXI /g\.ro.Æi/ <g\.ro.Æii> fem. .a lizard.
g-aR0an /g\r.b˙a.d˙an/ <g\.rbha.dha.n\>neut. .impregnation.
g-aR=y /g\r.b˙a.ß\j/ <g\.rbha.ß\.j\>neut. .the uterus.

gX8I /g\.Æ\.¯i/ <g\.Æ\.¯ii> fem. .afunnel.
gXp8 /g\Æ.p\¯/ <g\.Æ\.p\.¯\> neut.
.sweetness.
gXvu& /g\Æ.vu~/ <g\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .to ooze.

gvR /g\r.v\/ <g\.rv\> masc. .proud.
glkI /g\l.ki/ <g\.l\.kii> fem. .a kind of
creeper (vegetable).
glgo4o /g\l.go.ˇo/ <g\.l\.go.ˇo> masc. .akind of flower plant.

gXa4U&po /g\.Æa.ˇu~.po/ <g\.Æa.ˇu~.po>masc. .a strangling.
gXafa&so /g\.Æa.p˙a~.so/ <g\.Æa.pha~.so>masc. .a strangulation.
gXu& /g\.Æu~/ <g\.Æu~> neut. .the throat.

glI /g\.li/ <g\.lii> fem. .a street.
gâyu& /g\.Æju~/ <g\.Æju~> adj. .sweet.
glU6I/yu& /g\.lu.Îi.ju~/ <g\.luu.Îii.ju~> neut.
.a pup.
glofu& /g\.lo.p˙u~/ <g\.lo.phu~> neut. .theinside of the cheek.
gLla&tLla& /g\l.la~.t\l.ta~/ <g\.lla~.t\.lla~>masc. pl. .pretexts.
gLlo /g\l.lo/ <g\.llo> masc. .a cash-box.

g&@ /g\µ.Ôi/ <g\~.Ôii> fem. .a stack ofhay.
g&dkI /g\nd.ki/ <g\~.d\.kii> fem .filth.
g&du /g\n.du~/ <g\~.du> adj. .dirty.
g&0 /g\n.d˙\/ <g\~.dh\> fem. .smell.

gvn /g\.v\n/ <g\.v\.n\> neut. .a kindof sari.

g&0avu& /g\n.d˙a.vu~/ <g\~.dha.vu~> v.intr.
.tostink.

gvEyo /g\.v\i.jo/ <g\.v\i.jo> masc. .asongster.

g&-Ir /g\m.b˙ir/ <g\~.bhii.r\> adj. .1.
deep 2. cool-minded 3. serious.

gXc4u& /g\Æ.c\.ˇu~/ <g\.Æ\.c\.ˇu~> adj.
.sweetish.

gaj /gaÔ/ <ga.Ô\> neut. .a button-hole.
gajr /ga.Ô\r/ <ga.Ô\.r\> neut. .a carrot.

gXcvu& /g\.Æ\c.vu~/ <g\.Æ\.c\.vu~> v.tr. .toover eat.
gXcI /g\Æ.ci/ <g\.Æ\.cii> fem. .1. theneck 2. the throat.

gajvIj /gaÔ.viÔ/ <ga.Ô\.vii.Ô\> fem.
.lightening and thunder together.

49
gajvu& /gaÔ.vu~/ <ga.Ô\.vu~> v.intr. .to
thunder.
ga6I /ga.Îi/ <ga.Îii> fem. .a vehicle.

ga&5 /ga~ˇ˙/ <ga~.ˇh\> fem. .a knot.
ga&6u& /ga~.Îu~/ <ga~.Îu~> adj. .1. mad 2.
lunatic.

ga6u& /ga.Îu~/ neut. .a cart.
gIc /gic/ <gii.c\> adj. .overcroweded.
ga7 /gaÎ˙/ <ga.Îh\> adj. .thick.
gIt /git/ <gii.t\> neut. .a song.
ga8u& /ga.¯u~/ <ga.¯u~> neut. .a song.
gI0 /gid˙/ <gii.dh\> neut. .a vulture.
ga9a /ga.t˙a/ <ga.tha> fem. .a moral or
religous story.

gIrvI /gir.vi/ <gii.r\.vii> adj. .on
mortgage.

gadlu& /gad.lu~/ <ga.d\.lu~> neut. .amattress.

gIro /gi.ro/ <gii.ro> adj. .on mortgage.

gadI /ga.di/ <ga.dii> fem. .1. a throne, 2.
a cushion.

gujrvu& /gu.Ô\r.vu~/ <gu.Ô\.r\.vu~> v.intr.
.1. to pass by 2. to die.

gab6u& /gab.Îu~/ <ga.b\.Îu~> neut. .1. ahole 2. a pit.

gujran /guÔ.ran/ <gu.Ô\.ra.n\> neut.
.livelihood.

gam /gam/ <ga.m\> neut. .a village.

gujarvu& /gu.Ôar.vu~/ <gu.Ôa.r\.vu~> v.tr. .topass time.

gayk /ga.j\k/ <ga.j\.k\> masc. .a malesinger.
gaiyka /ga.ji.ka/ <ga.ji.ka> fem. .a female
singer.
galIco /ga.li.co/ <ga.lii.co> masc. .a
carpet.
gavu& /ga.vu~/ <ga.vu~> v.tr. .to sing.
gaX /gaÆ/ <ga.Æ\> fem. .a curse word.
gaXvu& /gaÆ.vu~/ <ga.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .1. tofilter 2. melt 3. to pass time.
ga&g6o /ga~g.Îo/ <ga~.g\.Îo> masc. .asolid lump.

gu4ko /guˇ.ko/ <gu.ˇ\.ko> masc. .a small
booklet.
gu8 /gu¯/ <gu.¯\> masc. .quality.
gu8gan /gu¯.gan/ neut. .an eulogy.
gu8doq /gu¯.doß/ <gu.¯\.do.s°\> masc.
.merits and demerits.
gu8vu& /gu¯.bv~/ <gu.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .to
multiply.
gu8akar /gu.¯a.kar/ <gu.¯a.ka.r\> masc.
.multiplication.

50gu8o]ar /gu.¯o.tt\r/ <gu.¯o.tt\.r\> masc.
.a ratio.
gunegar /gu.ne.gar/ <gu.ne.ga.r\> adj.
.criminal.

gU7 /guÎ˙/ <guu.Îh\> adj. .secret.
gU8 /gu¯/ <guu.¯\> fem. .a sack.

guno /gu.no/ <gu.no> masc. .a crime.

gUm6u& /gum.Îu~/ <guu.m\.Îu~> neut. .askin-boil.

gupcUp /gup.cup/ <gu.p\.cu.p\> advb.
.quietly.

gU&gXavu& /gu˜.g\.Æa.vu~/ <guu~.g\.Æa.vu~>
v.intr. .to be suffocated.

guPt /gu.pt\/ <gu.pt\> adj. .secret.

gU&c /gu~c/ <guu~.c\> fem. .1.a twisting of
threads 2. intricacy.

gufa /gu.p˙a/ <gu.pha> fem. .a cave.
gumavvu& /gu.mav.vu~/ <gu.ma.v\.vu~>
v.tr. .to lose.
guru /gu.ru/ <gu.ru> masc. . a teacher.
guru /gu.ru/ <gu.ru> adj. .1. big 2. large.
gulmor /gul.mør/ <gu.la.mo.r\> neut. .atree.
gulab /gu.lab/ <gu.la.b\> neut. .1. therose plant. 2. a rose flower
gulam /gu.lam/ <gu.la.m\> masc. .aslave.

gU&9vu& /gu~t˙.vu~/ <guu~.th\.vu~> v.tr. .toknit.
gU&dvu& /gu~d.vu~/ <guu~.d\.vu~> v.tr. .totrample.
gerkayde /ger.kaj.de/ <ge.r\.ka.j\.de> adj.
and advb. .illegal.
gerkaydesr /ger.kaj.de.s\r/<ge.r\.ka.j\.de.s\.r\> advb. .illegally.
gerrSte /ger.r\s.te/ <ge.r\.r\.ste> advb.
.wrongly.
gerla- /ger.lab˙/ <ge.r\.la.bh\> masc.
.loss.

guSso /gu.sso/ <gu.sso> masc. .anger.
gu&jvu& /guµÔ.vu~/ <gu~.Ô\.vu~> v.intr. .1. tohum 2. to buzz.
gu&6o /gu¯.Îo/ <gu~.Îo> masc. .a bully.
gu&dr /gun.d\r/ <gu~.d\.r\> masc. .1.
glue 2. gum.
gu&bj /gum.b\Ô/ <gu~.b\.Ô\> masc. .a
dome.

gervLle /ger.v\.lle/ <g\.r\.v\.lle> advb.
.at a wrong place.
gervvu& /ge.r\v.vu~/ <ge.r\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .tomake things (fruits, leaves) fall.
gervhIv4 /ger.v\.hi.v\ˇ/<ge.r\.v\.hii.v\.ˇ\> masc.
mismanagement.

51
gersmj /ger.s\.m\Ô/ <ge.r\.s\.m\.Ô\>fem. . misunderstanding.
gokXgay /go.k\Æ.gaj/ <go.k\.Æ\.ga.j\>fem. .a snail.
go`lo /gok˙.lo/ <go.kh\.lo> masc. .asmall recess in a wall.
go`vu& /gok˙.vu~/ <go.kh\.vu~> v.tr. .1. tocram 2. to memorize.
gozaru& /go.Ô˙a.ru~/ <go.Ôha.ru~> adj.
.sinful.
go4lI /goˇ.li/ <go.ˇ\.lii> masc. .a mango
seed (usually soft)
go4lo /goˇ.lo/ <go.ˇ\.lo> masc. .a mango
seed (usually hard)goma&s /go.ma~s/ <go.ma~.s\> neut. .beef.
gor /gør/ <go.r\> masc. .a priest(normally a Brahmin)gora8I /gø.ra.¯i/ <go.ra.¯ii> fem. .a
priest’s wife.
gorI /go.ri/ <go.rii> adj. .a whiteskinned woman.
golmal /gol.mal/ <go.l\.ma.l\> fem. .
misappropriation.
govaX /go.vaÆ/ <go.va.Æ\> masc. .a cowherd.
govaX8I /go.va.Æ\.¯i/ <go.va.Æ\.¯ii> fem.
.a cow-herd’s wife.
goX /goÆ/ <go.Æ\> adj. .round.

go4lo /goˇ.lo/ <go.ˇ\.lo> masc. .a hardmuscle.
go58 /go.t˙\¯/ <go.ˇh\.¯\> masc. .oneof the knees.

goX /goÆ/ <go.Æ\> masc. .a sub-group ofa caste.
goX /gøÆ/ <go.Æ\> masc. .jiggery.

go5vvu& /go.ˇ˙\v.vu~/ <go.ˇh\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.to arrange.

goXgoX /goÆ.goÆ/ <go.Æ\.go.Æ\> adj.
.evasive.

goi5y8 /go.ˇ˙i.j\¯/ <go.ˇhi.j\.¯\> fem. .a
female friend.

goXpap6I /goÆ.pap.Îi/ <go.Æ\.pa.p\.Îii>fem. .a sweet food itm.

god /god/ <go.d\> fem. .the lap.

goXm4oX /goÆ.m\.ˇoÆ/ <go.Æ\.m\.ˇo.Æ\>
adj. .pulpy.

god6I /god.Îi/ <go.d\.Îii> fem. .a kindof mattress.
godam /go.dam/ <go.da.m\> neut. .astore house.
gobo /go.bo/ <go.bo> masc. .a hollow
on a metallic surface.

goXI /go.Æi/ <go.Æii> fem. .1. a pill 2. abullet.
goXo /go.Æo/ <go.Æo> masc. .1.a globe 2.
a round lamp 3. a bulb.
gO8 /g\u¯/ <g\u.¯\> adj. .secondary.

52

gOrv /g\u.r\v/ <g\u.r\.v\> neut. .pride.
g/h /gr\h/ <gr\.h\> masc. .a planet.
g/h8 /gr\.h\¯/ <g\.h\.¯\> neut. .an
eclipse.
g/&9 /gr\nt˙/ <g\~.th\> masc. .a book.
g/ahk /gra.h\k/ <gra.h\.k\> masc. .a
customer.

3

34a4op /g˙\.ˇa.ˇop/ <gh\.ˇa.ˇo.p\> masc.
.1. thick clods 2. false show.
34a6vu& /g˙\.ˇaÎ.vu~/ <gh\.ˇa.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to lessen 2. to reduce.
34a6o /g˙\.ˇa.Îo/ <gh\.ˇa.Îo> masc.
decrease.
34avvu& /g˙\.ˇav.vu~/ <gh\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to interpret.
36tr /g˙\Î.t\r/ <gh\.Î\.t\.r\> neut. .1.
a thing made 2. training.

3w& /g˙\.u~/ <gh\.u~> masc. .wheat.

36p8 /g˙\Î.p\¯/ <gh\.Î\.p\.¯\> neut.
.old age.

3w&v8uR& /g˙\.u~.v\.r¯u~/ <gh\.u.v\.r¯u~>adj. .of whitish color.

36vu& /g˙\Î.vu~/ <gh\.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .1. toshape 2. to mould 3. to manufacture.

34 /g˙\ˇ/ <gh\.ˇ\> fem. .a shortage.

36a; /g˙\.Îa.i/ <gh\.Îa.ii> fem. .wages
for shaping, molding or manufacturing.

34k /g˙\.ˇ\k/ <gh\.ˇ\.k\> adj.
component.
34tu& /g˙\ˇ.tu~/ <gh\.ˇ\.tu~> advb.
.properly.
34na /g˙\ˇ.na/ <gh\.ˇ\.na> fem. .event.
34maX /g˙\ˇ.ma/ <gh\.ˇ\.ma.Æ\> fem. aseries of events.
34vu& /g˙\ˇ.vu~/ <gh\.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. .to
dcrease.

3i6yaX /g˙\.Îi.jaÆ/ <gh\.Îi.ja.Æ\> fem. .1.
a watch 2. a clock.
3i6yaXI /g˙\.Îi.ja.Æi/ <gh\.Îi.ja.Æi> masc.
.a match maker.
36o /g\.Îo/ <gh\.Îo> masc. .a pot.
38 /g˙\¯/ <gh\.¯\> masc. .a large
heavy hammer.
38u& /g˙\.¯u~/ <gh\.¯u~> adj. .1. much 2.
very.

34Sfo4 /g˙ˇ.sp˙oˇ/ <gh\.ˇ\.spho.ˇ\>masc. .a revealing of secret.

3n /g˙\n/ <gh\.n\> adj. .solid.

34a /g˙\.ˇa/ <gh\.ˇa> fem. .a dense
formation of trees, clouds etc.

3m&6 /g˙\.m\¯Î/ <gh\.m\~.Î\> masc. .a
false pride.

53
3m&6I /g˙\.m\¯.Îi/ <gh\.m\~.Îii> adj.
arrogant.

3vavu& /g˙\.va.vu~/ <gh\.va.vu~> v.intr. .tobe wounded.

3r /g˙\r/ <gh\.r\> neut. .a home.

3s3sa4 /g˙\s.g˙\.saˇ/ <gh\.s\.g\.sa.ˇ\>
advb. .to sleep soundly.

3rkam /g˙\r.kam/ <gh\.r\.ka.m\> neut.
1. a household work 2. a homework.
3r`cR /g˙\r.k˙\r.c\/ <gh\.r\.kh\.rc\>
neut. household expenses.
3rg(9u /g˙\r.g\t˙t˙u/ <gh\.r\.g\.ththu>
adj. produced at home.
3rcoXu& /g˙\r.co.Æu~/ <gh\.r\.co.Æu~> neut.
1.a silk bodies for women.
3rjma; /g˙\r.Ô\.mai/ <gh\.r\.Ô\.ma.ii>
masc. .a married man living with hisfather-in-law’s family.
3r6u& /g˙\r.Îu~/ <gh\.r\.Îu~> adj. .old.
3rbar /g˙\r.bar/ <gh\.r\.ba.r\> neut.
members of the family.
3rv`rI /g˙\r.v\.k˙.ri/<gh\.r\.v\.kh\.rii> fem. . household
things such as furniture, utensils etc.
3rs&sar /g˙\r.sam.sar/ <gh\.r\.s\~.sa.r\>masc. . worldly life.
3rs&sarI /g˙\r.sam.sa.ri/<gh\.r\.s\~.sa.rii> adj. .a person
leading a worldly life.
3rak /g˙\.rak/ <gh\.ra.k\> masc. .1. acustomer 2. a client.
3re8u& /g˙\.re.¯~/ <gh\.re.¯u~> neut. .an
ornament.

3s6vu& /g˙\.s\Î.vu~/ <gh\.s\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
.to drag.
3s6avu& /g˙\s.Îa.vu~/ <gh\.s\.Îa.vu~>
v.tr. to be dragged.
3srko /g˙\.s\r.ko/ <gh\.s\.r\.ko> masc.
1. a cut 2. a scratch.
3savu& /g˙\.sa.vu~/ <gh\.sa.vu~> v.intr.
.1.to be rubbed 2. to be worn out 3. tosacrifice for others.
3&4 /g˙\¯ˇ/ <gh\~.ˇ\> masc. .a bell.
3&46I /g˙\¯ˇ.Îi/ <gh\~.ˇ\.Îi> fem. ..asmall bell.
3&4I /g˙\.¯ˇi/ <gh\~.ˇii> fem. .a grinding
hand-mill or machine.
3a /g˙a/ <gha> adj. .two dozen papers.
3a /g˙a/ <gha> masc. .a wound.
3a3ro /g˙\g˙.ro/ <gha.gh\.ro> masc. .a
petticoat.
3a3rI /g˙ag˙.ri/ <gha.gh\.rii> fem. .asmall petticoat.
3a4 /g˙aˇ/ <gha.ˇ> masc. . a shape.
3a4Ilu& /g˙a.ˇi.lu~/ <gha.ˇi.lu~> adj. .well
built.

54
3a8 /g˙a¯/ <gha.¯\> masc. .a unit ofproduction.

3U&48 /g˙u~.ˇ\¯/ <ghuu~.ˇ\.¯\> masc. .theknee.

3ayl /g˙a.j\l/ <gha.j\.l\> adj. .wounded.

3U&4I /g˙u~.ˇi/ <ghuu~.ˇii> fem. .the shinbone.

3arI /g˙a.ri/ <gha.rii> fem. .a kind of
sweet.
3alvu& /g˙al.vu~/ <gha.l\.vu~> v.tr. .1. tothrust into 2. to penetrate.

3U&4I /g˙u~.ˇi/ <ghuu~.ˇii> fem. .a puzzle.
3e4u& /g˙e.ˇu~/ <ghe.ˇu~> neut. .a sheep.
3en /g˙en/ <ghe.n\> neut. .intoxication.

3as /g˙as/ <gha.s\> neut. .grass.
3I /g˙i/ <ghii> neut. .ghee (refined
butter).
3uv6 /g˙u.v\Î/ <ghu.v\.Î\> masc. .an
owl.
3U3rI /g˙ug˙.ri/ <ghuu.gh\.rii> fem. .asmall mealic balls (usually of
ornaments).
3U3vvu& /g˙u.g˙\v.vu~/ <ghuu.gh\.v\.vu~>
v.intr. .to roar (of sea)
3Umravu& /g˙um.ra.vu~/ <ghuu.m\.ra.vu~>
v.intr. .to turn or move around.

3ebr /g˙e.b\r/ <ghe.b\.r\> neut. .a kindof sweet.
3er /g˙er/ <ghe.r\> masc.
.circumference.
3ervu& /g˙er.vu~/ <ghe.r\.vu~> v.tr. .tosurround.
3eru& /g˙e.ru~/ <ghe.ru~> adj. .deep or dark
(usually a color).
3el2a /g˙el.c˙a/ <ghe.la.cha> fem. .acraze.
3elu& /g˙e.lu~/ <ghe.lu~> adj. .craziness.

3UmrI /g˙um.ri/ <ghuu.m\.rii> fem. .awhirlpool.

3o /g˙o/ <gho> fem. .a kind of lizard.

3Umvu& /g˙um.vu~/ <ghuu.m\.vu~> v.intr.
.to move around.

3o6aga6I /g˙o.Îa.g˙a.Îi/<gho.Îa.gha.Îii> fem. .a horsecarriage.

3Urkvu& /g˙u.r\k.vu~/ <ghuu.r\.k\.vu~>
v.intr. .1. to roar angrily 2. to snarl.

3o6apUr /g˙o.Îa.pur/ <gho.Îa.puu.r\>
neut. .a sudden flood.

3Usi8yu& /g˙u.s\.¯i.ju~/ <ghu.s\.¯i.ju~> adj.
.a person with intruding nature.

3o6Iyu& /g˙o.Îi.ju~/ <gho.Îii.ju~> neut. .acradle.

3Usvu& /g˙us.vu~/ <ghuu.s\.vu~> v.intr. .1.
to thrust into 2. to enter forcefully or
withour prior permission.

3o6I /g˙o.Îi/ <gho.Îii> fem. .a mare.

55
3o6o /g˙o.Îo/ <gho.Îo> masc. .a horse.

ckkr /c\k.k\r/ <c\.kk\.r\> neut. .acircle.

3or /g˙or/ <gho.r\> adj. .terrible.
3orvu& /g˙or.vu~/ <gho.r\.vu~> v.intr. .tosnore.
3oXvu& /g˙oÆ.vu~/ <gho.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .tosoften by pressing on all sides.

cckckvu& /c\k.c\k.vu~/ <c\.k\.c\.k\.vu~>
v.intr. .1.to shine 2. to glitter.
ckckIt /c\k.c\.kit/ <c\.k\.c\.kii.t\>
adj. .shining.
ck6oX /c\k.ÎoÆ/ <c\.k\.Îo.Æ\> masc.
.marry-go-round.
cktI /c\k.ti/ <c\.k\.tii> fem. .a nameplate.

ck/m /c\k.r\m/ <c\.kr\.m\> masc. .a
senseless person.
ck/v<i)0 /c\k.r\.vrud˙.d˙i/<c\.kr\.vr≤.dhdhi> adj. . compoundinterest.
ck/akar /c\k.ra.kar/ <c\.kra.ka.r\> adj.
.circular.
cgdvu& /c\.g\d.vu~/ <c\.g\.d\.vu~> v.tr.
.1. to trample 2. to crush.
cgXvu& /c\.g\Æ.vu~/ <c\.g\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .1.
to chew slowly 2. to munch.
cc8vu& /c\.c\¯.vu~/ <c\.c\.¯\.vu~> v.exp.
.to feel a burning pain.
c4kvu& /c\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <c\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.tr. .tostring.

cklo /c\k.lo/ <c\.k\.lo> masc. .a malesparrow.

c48I /c\ˇ.¯i/ <c\.ˇ\.¯ii> fem. .ketchup.

cklI /c\k.li/ <c\.k\.lii> fem. .a female
sparrow.

c4p4 /c\ˇ.p\ˇ/ <c\.ˇ\.p\.ˇ\> advb.
.instantly.

ckXivkX /c\.k\Æ.vi.k\Æ/<c\.k\.Æ\.vi.k\.Æ\> adj. . frightened andpuzzled.

c4p4I /c\ˇ.p\.ˇi/ <c\.ˇ\.p\.ˇii> fem.
.uneasiness.

ckamu& /c\.ka.mu~/ <c\.ka.mu~> neut. .1.
sun-burn 2. sore.
ckasvu& /c\.kas.vu~/ <c\.ka.s\.vu~> v.tr. .to
examine.
ckor /c\.kor/ <c\.ko.r\> adj. .alert.

c4a; /c\.ˇai/ <c\.ˇa.i> fem. .a mat.
c6wtr /c\Î.u.t\r/ <c\.Î\.u.t\.r\> fem.
.1. rise and fall 2. ascent and descent.
c6c6vu& /c\Î.c\Î.vu~/ <c\.Î\.c\.Î\.vu~>
v.intr. .to burn with a creaking sound.
c6tI /c\Î.ti/ <c\.Î\.tii> fem. .1. rise 2.
increase.

56

c6tI p6tI /c\Î.ti p\Î.ti/<c\.Î\.tii.p\.Î\.tii> fem. . rise and fall.

cp4I /c\p.ˇi/ <c\.p\.ˇii> fem. .a snap offingers.
cpX /c\.p\Æ/ <c\.p\.Æ\> adj. .skilful.

c6tu& /c\Î.tu~/ <c\.Î\.tu~> adj. .rising.
cpa4I /c\.pa.ˇi/ <c\.pa.ˇii> fem. .a bread.
c6vu& /c\Î.vu~/ <c\.Î\.vu~> v.intr. .1. toclimb 2. to rise.
c6sac6sI /c\Î.sa. c\Î.si/<c\.Î\.sa.c\.Î\.sii> fem. . intense
rivalry.
c6a; /c\.Îai/ <c\.Îa.i> fem. .aninvasion.
c6\6I /c\Î.Îi/ <c\.ÎÎii> fem. .shorts.
c8 /c\¯/ <c\.¯\> masc. .grains forbirds.
c8vu& /c\¯.vu~/ <c\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .toconstruct.
c8vu& /c\¯.vu~/ <c\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .to eat(by birds).
ci8yo /c\.¯i.jo/ <c\.¯i.jo> masc.
.petticoat.
c8o /c\.¯o/ masc. <c\.¯o> a grain ofgram.
ctur /c\.tur/ <c\.tu.r\> adj. .clever.
ctura /c\.tu.ra/ <c\.tu.ra> fem. .a clever
woman (used mainly in literarylanguage)ctura; /c\.tu.rai/ <c\.tu.ra> fem.
.cleverness.

cpocp /c\.po.c\p/ <c\.po.c\.p\> advb.
.quickly.
cPpu /c\p.pu/ <c\p.pu> neut. .a knife.
cbr`I /c\.b\r.k˙i/ <c\.b\.r\.khii> fem.
.a small piece of paper (mainly hand
written)cbrak /c\b.rak/ <c\.b\.ra.k\> adj.
.1.clever 2. talkative.
cbUtro /c\.but.ro/ <c\.buu.t\.ro> masc.
.a public bird feeder.
cmk /c\.m\k/ <c\.m\.k\> fem.
.brightness.
cmco /c\m.co/ <c\.m\.co> masc. .aspoon.
cmTkar /c\.m\t.kar/ <c\.m\.tka.r\>masc. .a miracle.
cmelI /c\.me.li/ <c\.me.lii> fem. .a kindof flower plant.
crk /c\.r\k/ <c\.r\.k\> fem. .a bird’s
excrement.
cr`o /c\r.k˙o/ <c\.r\.kho> masc. .aspinning wheel.
cr8 /c\.r\¯/ <c\.r\.¯\> masc. .legs(formal).

57
crbI /c\r.bi/ <c\.r\.bii> fem. .fat.

c&dn /c\n.d\n/ <c\~.d\.n\> neut. .asandal-tree.

crvu& /c\r.vu~/ <c\.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to graze.
c&± /c\n.dr\/ <c\~.dr\> masc. .the moon.
cir{a /c\.rit.r\/ <c\.ri.tr\> neut.
.character.
cru /c\.ru/ <c\.ru> masc. .a pot withbroad mouth.
ccRvu& /c\rc.vu~/ <c\.rc\.vu~> v.tr. .todiscuss.
ccaR /c\r.ca/ <c\.rca> fem. .discussion.

c&pl /c\m.p\l/ <c\~.p\.l\> masc.
.sleeper.
c&po /c\m.po/ <c\~.po> masc. .a flower
plant.
ca /ca/ <ca> fem. .tea.
cakI /ca.ki/ <ca.kii> fem. .a small metalbolt.

cl8 /c\.l\¯/ <c\.l\.¯\> neut. .currency.
caku /ca.ku/ <ca.ku> neut. .a knife.
cva8u& /c\.va.¯u~/ <c\.va.¯u~> neut. .a
type offood.
cskvu& /c\.s\k.vu~/ <c\.s\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
.1.to slip 2. to escape 3. to be lostminded.
csko /c\s.ko/ <c\.s\.ko> masc.
.1.mascular pain 2. addiction.
chero /c\.he.ro/ <c\.he.ro> masc. .a face.
cX /c\Æ/ <c\.Æ\> fem. .itching sensation.
cXvX /c\.v\Æ/ <c\.Æ\.v\.Æ\> fem. .a
movement.

ca`vu& /cak˙.vu~/ <ca.kh\.vu~> v.tr. .totaste.
ca4vu& /caˇ.vu~/ <ca.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. .to lick.
ca5u& /ca.ˇ˙u~/ <ca.ˇhu~> neut. .1. a scar 2. askin-burn.
caplUsI /cap.lu.si/ <ca.p\.lu.sii> fem.
.flattery.
cab`o /cab.k˙o/ <ca.b\.kho> masc. .1. awhip 2. a kind of poem that criticizessocial evils.
cabUk /ca.buk/ <ca.buu.k\> masc. .awhip.

cXvu& /c\Æ.vu~/ <c\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .1. tomove 2. to break a promise.

cam6I /cam.Îi/ <ca.m\.Îii> fem. .skin.

cXam8 /c\.Æa.m\¯/ <c\.Æa.m\.¯\> neut.
.leftover after sifting.

cam6u& /cam.Îu~/ <ca.m\.Îu~> neut.
.leather.

c&cX /c\µ.c\Æ/ <c\~.c\.Æ\> adj. .unsteady.

camacI6Iyu& /ca.ma.ci.Îi.ju~/<ca.ma.cii.Îii.ju~> neut. .a bat.

58

car /car/ <ca.r\> fem. .1. fresh grass 2.
fodder.

caX8I /ca.Æ\.¯i/ <ca.Æ\.¯ii> fem. .a sieve.
caXvu& /caÆ.vu~/ <ca.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .to sift.

car8 /ca.r\¯/ <ca.r\.¯\> masc. .1. abard 2. a name of a caste/ community.

calIs /ca.lis/ <ca.li.s\> adj. .forty.

carpa; /car.pai/ <ca.r\.pa.i> fem. .a cot.

co&c /cø~c/ <co~.c\> fem. .a beak.

cair{a /ca.rit.r\/ <c\.ri.tr\> neut.
.character.

ca&c6 /ca~.c\Î/ <co~.c\.Î\> masc. .a flea.

caro /ca.ro/ <ca.ro> masc. .fodder.
cal /cal/ <ca.l\> fem. .style of walking.
cal /cal/ <ca.l\> fem. .a strategy.
cal /cal/ <ca.l\> masc. .1. a tradition 2.
a custom.
calclgt /cal.c\l.g\t/ <ca.l\.c\.l\.g\.t\>fem. . behavior.
calba@ /cal.ba.Ôi/ <ca.l\.ba.Ôii> fem.
cleverness.

ca&d /ca~d/ <co~.d\> masc. .the moon.
ca&dnI /ca~d.ni/ <co~.d\.nii> fem.
.moonlight.
ca&dlo /ca~d.lo/ <ca~.d\.lo> masc. .an
auspicious mark done on the forehead.
ca&dI /ca~.di/ <ca~.dii> fem. .silver.
ca&dI /ca~.di/ <ca~.dii> fem. .syphilis.
ca&du& /ca~.du~/ <ca~.du~> neut. .an ulcer.
ca&do /ca~.do/ <ca~.do> masc. .the moon.

calvu& /cal.vu~/ <ca.l\.vu~> v.intr. .to walk.

ca&p /ca~p/ <ca~.p\> fem. .a switch.

calak /ca.lak/ <ca.la.k\> adj. .1.clever 2.
skilful.

ca&plu& /ca~p.lu~/ <ca~.p\.lu~> adj. .overwise.

calakI /ca.la.ki/ <ca.la.kii> fem. .1. atrick 2. cleverness.

ickar /ci.kar/ <ci.ka.r\> adj. .full.

calu /ca.lu/ <ca.lu> adj. .1.moving 2. aperson with loose character.
cavvu& /cav.vu~/ <ca.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to chew.
cavI /ca.vi/ <ca.vii> fem. .a key.
cas /cas/ <ca.s\> masc. .a furrow.

iccyarI /cic.ja.ri/ <ci.c\.ja.rii> fem. .ashrilling cry.
ic5\5I /ciˇ˙.ˇ˙i/ <ci.ˇhˇhii> fem. .1. a note
2. a small informal letter.
ic6avu& /ci.Îa.vu~/ <ci.Îa.vu~> v.intr. .to bevexed.
icta /ci.ta/ <ci~.ta> fem. .a funeral-pyre.

59
cIj /ciÔ/ <ci.Ô\> fem. .a thing.
ictar /ci.tar/ <ci.ta.r\> masc. .1.a picture
2. a detail narration.
ic]a /cit.t\/ <ci.tt\> neut. .the mind.
ic]ao /cit.to/ <ci.tto> masc. .1.a panther
2. a leopard.
ic{a /cit.r\/ <ci.tr\> neut. .1. a picture 2.
a drawing.

cI6 /ciÎ/ <cii.Î\> fem. .disgust.
cItrvu& /ci.t\r.vu~/ <cii.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. .1.
to sketch 2. to draw.
cItXo /cit.Æo/ <cii.t\.Æo> masc. .a kind ofserpent.
cInI /ci.ni/ <cii.nii> adj. .Chinese.

icbavlu& /ci.bav.lu~/ <ci.ba.v\.lu~> adj.
1.overwise 2. childish.

cIp /cip/ <cii.p\> fem. .1. a strip 2. adeal in the card game.

icbuk /ci.buk/ <ci.buu.k\> fem. .thechin.

cIipyo /ci.pi.jo/ <cii.pi.jo> masc.
.pincers.

icr&@vI /ci.r\n..Ôi.vi/ <ci.r\~.Ôii.vii> adj.
1. having longevity 2. also used toaddress a son, a daughter or any person
who is younger to the addresser.

cIbu& /ci.bu~/ <cii.bu~> adj. .flat-nosed.

icrag /ci.rag/ <ci.ra.g\> masc. .a lamp.

cIrvu& /cir.vu~/ <cii.r\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to tear
2. to split.

ich\.n /cih..n\/ <ci.hn\> neut. .1. a mark2. a trait.
ic&tk /cin.t\k/ <ci~.t\.k\> masc. .thinker.
ic&tn /cin.t\n/ <ci~.t\.n\> neut. .1. deep
thinking 2. meditation.
ic&ta /cin.ta/ <ci~.ta> fem. .worry.
cIk8u& /cik.¯u~/ <ci.k\.¯u~> adj. .1. sticky
2. greasy.

cImXvu& /ci.m\Æ.vu~/ <ci.m\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.
.1. to pinch 2. to twist.

cIrI /ci.ri/ <cii.rii> fem. .a slice of fruitor pickle.
cIro /ci.ro/ <cii.ro> masc. .1. a cut 2. along piece of cloth.
cIv4 /ci.v\ˇ/ <cii.v\.ˇ\> fem. .care.
cIs /cis/ <cii.s\> fem. .a scream.
cI&9ru& /ci~t˙.ru~/ <cii.th\.ru~> neut. .a arg.

cIkI /ci.ki/ <cii.kii> fem. .a kind of
sweet.

cI&9rehal /cith˙.re.hal/ <cii.th\.re.ha.l\>
adj. 1. dressed in rags 2. extremely poor.

cIku /ci.ku/ <cii.ku> neut. .1. a tree 2. afruit of the cIku tree.

cI&0vu& /ci~d˙.vu~/ <ci~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. .topoint with a finger.

60
cUkado /cu.ka.do/ <cuu.ka.do> masc. .a
judgment.
cu6el /cu.Îel/ <cu.Îe.l\> fem. .a kind offemale ghost.
cup /cup/ <cuu.p\> adj. .quite.
cUpkIdI /cup.ki.di/ <cu.p\.kii.dii> fem.
.silence.

cUnI /cu.ni/ <cuu.nii> fem. .a nose ring.
cUmvu& /cum.vu~/ <cuu.m\.vu~> v.tr. .tokiss.
cUlo /cu.lo/ <cuu.lo> masc. .a fire-place
for cooking.
cUvu& /cu.vu~/ <cuu.vu~> v.intr. .to ooze.
cUsvu& /cus.vu~/ <cuu.s\.vu~> v.tr. .to suck.

cUpcap /cup.cap/ <cuu.p\.ca.p\> advb.
.stealthily.
cUSt /cus.t\/ <cu.st\> adj. .1. tight 2.
staunch.
cu&gal /cu˜.gal/ <cu~.ga.l\> fem. .1. aclaw 2. a trap.
cu&gI /cu˜.gi/ <cu~.gii> fem. .a smokingpipe.
cu&bn /cum.b\n/ <cu~.b\.n\> neut. .akiss.

cU&k /cu~k/ <cu~.k\> fem. .stomach pain.
cU&k /cu~k/ <cuu~.k\> fem. .a nail.
cU&9vu& /cu~t˙.vu~/ <cuu~.th\.vu~> v.tr. .toransack.
cU&d6I /cu~nd.Îi/ <cu~.d\.Îii> fem. .a kindof sari.
cekvu& /cek.vu~/ <ce.k\.vu~> v.tr. .to erase.
cetn /ce.t\n/ <ce.t\.n\> adj. .animate.

cu&maXIs /cu~.ma.Æis/ <cu~.ma.Æii.s\> adj.
.forty four.

cetna /cet.na/ <ce.t\.na> fem.
.consciousness.

cu&moter /cu~.mo.ter/ <cu~.mo.te.r\> adj.
.seventy four.

cetv8I /ce.t\v.¯i/ <ce.t\.v\.¯ii> fem.
.1.a warning 2. caution.

cUkvvu& /cu.k\v.vu~/ <cuu.k\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.to make the payment.

cetvvu& /ce.t\v.vu~/ <ce.t\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .towarn.

cUkvu& /cuk.vu~/ <cuu.k\.vu~> v.intr. .to
miss.

cetvu& /cet.vu~/ <ce.t\.vu~> v.intr. .to bealert.

cUgvu& /cug.vu~/ <cuu.g\.vu~> v.tr. .to eat(by birds).

cen /cen/ <ce.n\> neut. .peace.

cU6I /cu.Îi/ <cuu.Îii> fem. .a bangle.

cep /cep/ <ce.p\> masc. .infection.

61
celo /ce.lo/ <ce.lo> masc. .a maledisciple.
celI /ce.li/ <ce.lo> fem. .a female
disciple.
cev6o /cev.Îo/ <ce.v\.Îo> masc. .a food
item.

co36Iyu& /co.g˙\.Îi.ju~/ <co.gh\.Îio.ju~>
neut. .a unit of time divided to determine
auspicious and inauspicious period.
co4 /coˇ/ <co.ˇ\> fem. .a blow.
co4vu& /cøˇ.vu~/ <co.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. .to stick.
co6vu& /cøÎ.vu~/ <co.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to strike.

ceh /ceh/ <ce.h\> fem. .a funeral pyre.
cEtNy /c\i.t\n.j\/ <c\.t\.nj\> neut. .1.
life-spirit 2. the supreme being.

cotrf /co.t\.r\p˙/ <co.t\.r\.ph\> advb.
.onall sides.

cE{a /c\it.r\/ <c\.tr\> masc. .the sixth
month of the Vikram year.

co{aIs /cøt.ris/ <co.trii.s\> adj. .thirty
four.

cok /cøk/ <co.k\> masc. .a square.

co9 /cot˙/ <co.th\> fem. .fouth day ofboth of the fortnights of a lunar month.

cok6I /cøk.Îi/ <co.k\.Îii> fem. .1. awashing place in house 2. a place wherefour roads
cross.
cok\ks /cok.k\s/ <co.kk\.s\> advb.
.surely.
coksI /cøk.si/ <co.k\.sii> masc. .1. asurname 2. a dealer in gold and silver.

co0ar /co.d˙ar/ <co.dha.r\> adj.
.immense (tears and rain)
copgu& /co.p\.gu~/ <co.p\.gu~> adj.
quadruped.
cop6vu& /co.p\Î.vu~/ <co.p\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
.1. to lubricate 1. to grease.
cop6I /cop.Îi/ <co.p\.Îii> fem. .a book.

cokI /cø.ki/ <co.kii> fem. .1. a police
station 2. a watch-gate.
co`a /co.k˙a/ <co.kha> masc. .rice.
co~`a.; /cok˙.k˙a.i/ <co.khkha.ii> adj.
.cleanliness.
co~`u& /cok˙.k˙u~/ <co.khkhu~> adj. .clean.
cogan /co.gan/ <co.ga.n\> neut. .a plain.

cop6o /cop.Îo/ <co.p\.Îo> masc. .an
account book.
copn /co.p\n/ <co.p\.n\> adj. .fifty
four.
copanIyu& /co.pa.ni.ju~/ <co.pa.nii.ju~> neut.
.a pamphlet.
comasu& /co.ma.su~/ <co.ma.su~> neut.
monsoon.

62
cor /cor/ <co.r\> masc. .a thief.
corvu& /cor.vu~/ <co.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to steal.
cors /co.r\s/ <co.r\.s\> masc. .1. asquare figure 2. a square.
cora=I /co.ra.ßi/ <co.ra.ßii> adj. .eightyfour.

2 /c˙\/ <ch\> adj. .six.
2kvu& /c˙\k.vu~/ <ch\.k\.vu~> v.intr. .to go
astray.
2kko /c\k.ko/ <ch\.kko> masc. .the six
in a suit of playing cards.

corI /co.ri/ <co.rii> fem. .a theft.

22u&dr /c˙\.c˙un.d\r/ <ch\.chu~.d\.r\>
neut. .a mole.

corI /cø.ri/ <co.rii> fem. .a square
structure where marriage ritaul isperformed.

24kvu& /c˙\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <ch\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
.1. to slip away 2. to escape.

coro /cø.ro/ <co.ro> masc. .a public
meeting
place in villages.
covIs /co.vis/ <co.vii.s\> adj. .twenty
four.
cos5 /co.s\ˇ˙/ <co.s\.ˇh\> adj. .sixty
four.
coslu& /cos.lu~/ <co.s\.lu~> neut. .a thickblock or slice.
coXvu& /coÆ.vu~/ <co.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .to rub.
coXa /co.Æa/ <co.Æa> masc. .a kind of
pulse.
coXI /co.Æi/ <co.Æii> fem. a woman’sbodies.
co&kvu& /co~k.vu~/ <co.k\.vu~> v.intr. .to be
startled.
cOd /c\ud/ <c\u.d\> adj. .fourteen.

2

24ku& /c˙\ˇ.ku~/ <ch\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> neut. .atrap.
25 /c˙\ˇ˙/ <ch\.ˇh\> fem. .sixth day of
the fortnight of the Hindu month.
26vu& /c˙\Î.vu~/ <ch\.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .tothrash.
26a /c˙\.Îa/ <ch\.Îa> masc. .anklets.
28kvu& /c˙\.¯\k.vu~/ <ch\.¯\.k\.vu~>
v.intr. .to speak angrily.
28ko /c˙\¯.ko/ <ch\.¯\.ko> masc. .arude angry uterance.
2t /c˙\t/ <ch\.t\> fem. .availability.
2t /c˙\t/ <ch\.t\> fem. .a ceiling.
2ta& /c˙\.ta~/<ch\.ta~> advb. .however.
2{aI /c˙\t.ri/ <ch\.trii> fem. .an
umbrella.
2{aIs /c˙\t.ris/ <ch\.trii.s\> adj. .thirty
six.

63
2apru& /c˙ap.ru~/ <cha.p\.ru~> neut. .a hut.
2br6o /c˙\.b\r.Îo/ <ch\.b\.r\.Îo>
masc. .a fiasco.
2bI /c˙\.bi/ <ch\.bii> fem. .1. a picture
2. a portrait.
2m2m /c˙\m.c˙\m/ <ch\.m\.ch\.m\>advb. .with a jingling sound.
2l&g /c˙\.l\˜.g\/ <ch\.l\~.g\> fem. .along leap.
2la2l /c˙\.la.c˙\l/ <ch\.la.ch\.l\> advb.
.over flowing.
2VvIs /c˙\v.vis/ <ch\.vvii.s\> adj.
.twenty six.
2X /c˙\Æ/ <ch\.Æ\> neut. .a fraud.
2&2e6vu& /c˙\.nc˙eÎ.vu~/ <ch\~.che.Î\.vu~>
v.tr. .to enrage.
2&d /c˙\n.d\/ <ch\~.d\> masc. .an
addiction.
2&d /c˙\n.d\/ <ch\~.d\> masc. .a poetic
meter.
2a8 /c˙a¯/ <cha.¯\> neut. .a dung of
buffalo, cow, bullock and oxen.
2a8u& /c˙a.¯u~/ <cha.¯u~> neut. .a dungcake used as fuel.
2atI /c˙a.ti/ <cha.tii> fem. .the chest.
2anu& /c˙a.nu~/ <cha.nu~> adj. . secret.
2ap /c˙ap/ <cha.p\> fem. .1. animpression 2. a print.

2apvu& /c˙ap.vu~/ <cha.p\.vu~> v.tr. .toprint.
2apu& /c˙a.pu~/ <cha.pu~> neut. .anewspaper.
2ab /c˙ab/ <cha.b\> fem. a bamboo
basket.
2ab6I /c˙ab.Îi/ <cha.b\.Îii> fem. abamboo basket.
2aya /c˙a.ja/ <cha.ja> fem. .a shadow.
2al /c˙al/ <cha.l\> fem. .a bark.
2alk /c˙a.l\k/ <cha.l\> fem. .a splash.
2ala& /c˙a.la~/ <cha.la~> neut. pl..1. husks
2. peels.
2av8I /c˙av.¯i/ <cha.v\.¯ii> fem. .acamp.
2avrvu& /c˙a.v\r.vu~/ <cha.v\.r\.vu~> v.tr.
.to conceal.
2a= /c˙aß/ <cha.ß\> fem. .butter milk.
2as5 /c˙a.s\ˇ˙/ <cha.s\.ˇ\> adj. .sixty
six.
2a&4o /c˙a~.ˇo/ <cha~.ˇo> masc. .a drop.
2a&6vu& /c˙a~Î.vu~/ <cha~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .toleave surplus food in the dining plate.
2I /c˙i/ <chii> fem. .excretion.
2I /c˙i/ <chii> advb. .an expression
showing hatred.

64

2Invvu& /c˙i.n\v.vu~/ <chii.n\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.to snatch.

2e6o /c˙e.Îo/ <che.Îo> masc. .the end.

2Ip /c˙ip/ <chii.p\> fem. .a shell.

2etrpI&6I /c˙e.t\r.pi¯.Îi/<che.t\.r\.pi~.Îii> fem. .a cheating.

2U4 /c˙uˇ/ <chuu.ˇ\> fem. .1. leave 2.
speciousness.

2etrvu& /c˙e.t\r.vu~/ <che.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr.
.1. to cheat 2. to deceive.

2U4k /c˙u.t\k/ <chuu.ˇ\.k\> adj. .retail.

2etram8 /c˙et.ra.m\¯/ <che.t\.ra.m\.¯\>
fem. .cheating.

2U4k /c˙u.t\k/ <chuu.ˇ\.k\> advb. .byretail.
2U42a4 /c˙uˇ.c˙aˇ/ <chuu.ˇ\.cha.ˇ\> fem.
a concession.
2U4vu& /c˙uˇ.vu~/ <chuu.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. .1.tobe free 2. to be relieved.
2U4a2e6a /c˙u.ˇa.c˙e.Îa/ <chuu.ˇa.che.Îa>masc. .a divorce.
2U4u& /c˙u.tu~/ <chuu.ˇu~> adj. .free.
2Upu& /c˙u.pu~/ <chuu.pu~> adj. .1.
concealed 2. secret.
2U&d8u& /c˙u~n.d\.¯u~/ <chuu~.d\.¯u~> neut.
.tattoo.
2U&do /c˙u~.do/ <chu~.do> masc. .minced
pickle.
2ek /c˙ek/ <che.k\> advb. .entirely.
2ekvu& /c˙ek.vu~/ <che.k\.vu~> v.tr. .tostrike.

2etram8u& /c˙et.ram.¯u~/<che.t\.ra.m\.¯u~> adj. .deceitful.
2etaXIs /c˙e.ta.Æi.s/ <che.ta.Æii.s\> adj. .
forty six.
2ed /c˙ed/ <che.d\> masc. .a cut.
2edvu& /c˙ed.vu~/ <che.d\.vu~> v.tr. .to cut.
2eLlu& /c˙el.lu~/ <che.llu~> adj. .last.
2ev4e /c˙e.v\.ˇe/ <che.v\.ˇe> advb. .atlast.
2okrmt /c˙o.k\r.m\t/ <cho.k\.r\.m\.t\>adj. . childish.
2okrI /c˙ok.ri/ <cho.k\.rii> fem. .a girl.
2okru& /c˙ok.ru~/ <cho.k\.ru~> neut. .achild.
2okro /c˙ok.ro/ <cho.k\.ro> masc. .aboy.

2e6tI /c˙eÎ.ti/ <che.Î\.tii> fem. .a prank.

2o6vu& /c˙oÎ.vu~/ <cho.Î\.vu~> v.tr..1. torelease 2. to free 3. to untie.

2e6vu& /c˙eÎ.vu~/ <che.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .totease.

2otru& /c˙ot.ru~/ <cho.t\.ru~> neut. .a peel.

65
2ol /c˙ol/ <cho.t\.ru~> masc. .woodscraping
2olvu& /c˙ol.vu~/ <cho.l\.vu~> v.tr. .1. toscrape 2. peel.
2oter /c˙o.ter/ <cho.te.r\> adj. .seventysix.

j8 /Ô\¯/ <Ô\¯> neut. .1. an individual 2.
a person.
j8vu& /Ô\¯.vu~/ <Ô\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .to give abirth.
j8avvu& /Ô\.¯av.vu~/ <Ô\.¯a.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.to inform.

2\yasI /c˙ja.si/ <chja.sii> adj. .eighty-six.
jtn /Ô\.t\n/ <Ô\.ka.t\> neut. .care.

jjNm /Ô\n.m\/ <Ô\.nm\> masc. .birth.

j /Ô\/ <Ô\> part.. emphasis marker.

jnm /Ô\.n\m/ <Ô\.n\.m\> masc. .birth.

jkat /Ô\.kat/ <Ô\.ka.t\> fem. .custom
duty.

jNmku&6XI /Ô\.nm\.ku¯.Î\.Æi/<Ô\.nm\.ku~.Î\.Æii> fem. .a horoscope.

jk\kI /Ô\k.ki/ <Ô\.kkii> adj. .stubborn.

jNm4Ip /Ô\n.m\.ˇip/ <Ô\.nm\.ˇii.p\>
fem. .a life time imprisonment.

j`m /Ô\.k˙\m/ <Ô\.kh\.m\> masc. .awound.
jgt /Ô\.g\t/ <Ô\.g\.t\> neut. .the world.

jNmaQ4mI /Ô\n.maß.ˇ\.mi/<Ô\.nma.s°ˇ\.mii> fem. .Lord Krishna’sbirth day.

j6 /Ô\Î/ <Ô\.Î\> adj. .inanimate.

jnmojnm /Ô\n.mo.Ô\.n\m/<Ô\.n\.mo.Ô\.n\.m\> advb. .in eachbirth.

j6bato6 /Ô\Î.ba.toÎ/ <Ô\.Î\.ba.to.Î\>
adj. . irrefutable.

jp /Ô\p/ <Ô\.p\> masc. .1. a mutteringof a deity’s name, 2. recition.

j6bu& /Ô\Î.bu~/ <Ô\.Î\.bu~> neut. .the jaw.

jpvu& /Ô\p.vu~/ <Ô\.p\.vu~> v.tr. .to mutter
s deity’s name as a part of some ritual.

jGya /Ô\.gja/ <Ô\.gja> fem. .a place.

j6-rt /Ô\Î.b˙\.r\t/ <Ô\.Î\.bh\.r\.t\>adj. stupid.
j6vu& /Ô\Î.vu~/ <Ô\.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to fix
things with nails etc.
j6vu& /Ô\Î.vu~/ <Ô\.Î\.vu~> v.dat.. toregain a lost thing.

jm8 /Ô\.m\¯/ <Ô\.m\.¯\> neut. .aformal dinner.
jm8var /Ô\.m\¯.var/ <Ô\.m\.¯\.va.r\>masc. .a formal community dinner.
jm8u& /Ô\m.¯u~/ <Ô\.m\.¯u~> adj. .right.

66

jmvu& /Ô\m.vu~/ <Ô\.m\.vu~> v.tr. .1. toeat, 2. dine (formal).

jvab /Ô\.vab/ <Ô\.va.b\> masc. .answer.
jvu& /Ô\.vu~/ <Ô\.vu~> v.intr. .to go.

jma /Ô\.ma/ adj. .<Ô\.ma> 1. of thecredit side 2. accumulated.

j= /Ô\ß/ <Ô\.ß\> masc. .reputation.

jma; /Ô\.ma.i/ <Ô\.ma.ii> masc. .a sonin-law.

jhaj /Ô\.haÔ/ <Ô\.ha.Ô\> neut. .a large
ship.

jmat /Ô\.mat/ <Ô\.ma.t\> fem. .a body ofmonks.

j&gl /Ô\˜.g\l/ <Ô\~.g\.l\> neut. .a forest.

jmadar /Ô\.ma.dar/ <Ô\.ma.da.r\> masc.
.a head of a small police unit.
jmano /Ô\.ma.no/ <Ô\.ma.no> masc. .an
age or era.
jmIn /Ô\.min/ <Ô\.mii.n\> fem. .land.
jr /Ô\r/ <Ô\.r\> neut. .wealth.
jr` /Ô\.r\k˙/ <Ô\.r\.kh\> neut. .a wild
animal.

j&tu /Ô\n.tu/ <Ô\~.tu~> neut. .an insect.
j&p /Ô\m.p\/ <Ô\~.p\> masc. ..ease 2.
peace.
jagr8 /Ôag.r\¯/ <Ôa.g\.r\.¯\> neut. .1.
sleeplessness 2. a religious vow of thewomen.
jagvu& /Ôag.vu~/ <Ôa.g\.vu~> v.intr. .towake from sleep.
jajm /Ôa.Ô\m/ <Ôa.Ô\.m\> fem. .a carpet.

jra /Ô\.ra/ <Ô\.ra> advb. .a little.

jajru& /ÔaÔ.ru~/ <Ôa.Ô\.ru~> neut. .a latrine.

jldI ~ jLdI /Ô\l.di/ <Ô\.l\.dii> ~ <Ô\.ldii>
advb. .quickly.

jajrman /Ôa.Ô\r.man/ <Ôa.Ô\.r\.ma.n\>adj. .glorious.

jlso /Ô\l.so/ <Ô\.l\.so> masc. .a meetingfor entertainment.

ja6a; /Ôa.Îai/ <Ôa.Îa.ii> fem. .thickness.

jlebI /Ô\.le.bi/ <Ô\.le.bii> fem. .a kind of
sweet.
jLlad /Ô\l.lad/ <Ô\.lla.d\> masc. .an
executioner.
jv /Ô\v/ <Ô\.v\> masc. .barley.
jvLle /Ô\.v\l.le/ <Ô\.v\.lle> advb. .rarely.

ja6u& /Ôa.Îu~/ <Ôa.Îu~> adj. .1. fat 2. thick.
ja8 /Ôa¯/ <Ôa.¯\> fem. .information.
ja8vu& /Ôa¯.vu~/ <Ôa.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .to know.
ja8Itu& /Ôa.¯i.tu~/ <Ôa.¯ii.tu~> adj. .famous.
ja8e /Ôa.¯e/ <Ôa.¯e> advb. .as if.

67
jat /Ôat/ <Ôa.t\> fem. .1.a tribe 2. a caste
3. a community.

jamIn /Ôa.min/ <Ôa.mii.n\> masc. .asurety.

jatkma; /Ôat.k\.ma.i/ <Ôa.t\.k\.ma.ii>
fem. self-earned income.

javk /Ôa.v\k/ <Ôa.v\.k\> fem. .being
dispatched.

jait /Ôa.ti/ <Ôa.ti> fem. .1. a caste 2. agroup 3. a community.

jasUs /Ôa.sus/ <Ôa.suu.s\> masc. .1. a
spy 2. a detective 3. a secret agent.

jatIy /Ôa.ti.j\/ <Ôa.tii.j\> adj. .sexual.

jaso /Ôa.so/ <Ôa.so> masc. .a threatening
letter written anonymously.

jate /Ôa.te/ <Ôa.te> advb. .personally.
ja{aa /Ôat.ra/ <Ôa.tra> fem. .a pilgrim.
jadu /Ôa.du/ <Ôa.du> masc. .a magic.
jan /Ôan/ <Ôa.n\> fem. .a marriage partyof the bridegroom.

jaher /Ôa.her/ <Ôa.he.r\> adj. .1. open 2.
public.
jaherat /Ôa.he.rat/ <Ôa.he.ra.t\> fem.
.1.an advertisement 2. a notification 3.
an announcement.

jan /Ôan/ <Ôa.n\> masc. .the jiva (life).

jaX /ÔaÆ/ <Ôa.Æ\> fem. .a net of a hunteror a fisherman.

janmal /Ôan.mal/ <Ôa.n\.ma.l\> masc.
.life and property.

jaXv8I /Ôa.Æ\v.¯i/ <Ôa.Æ\.v\.¯ii> fem.
.preservation.

janvr /Ôan.v\r/ <Ôa.n\.v\.r\> neut. .an
animal.

jaiXyu& /Ôa.Æi.ju~/ <Ôa.Æi.ju~> neut. .a kind ofventilator.

janEyo /Ôa.n\i.jo/ <Ôa.n\i.jo> masc. .a
member of the bride groom’s marriage
party.

ja&3 /Ôa~˜.g\/ <Ôa~.gh\> fem. .the thigh.

jap /Ôap/ <Ôa.p\> masc. .recitation.

ja&bu /Ôa~m.bu/ <Ôa~.bu> neut. .a kind ofberry.

jam /Ôam/ <Ôa.m\> masc. .a glass.

ij@ivqa /Ôi.Ôi.vi.ßa/ <Ôi.Ôii.vi.s°a> fem. .adesire for life.

jamfX /Ôam.p\Æ/ <Ôa.m\.ph\.Æ\> neut. .aguava.

ij}aasa /Ôi.gna.sa/ <Ôi.gna.sa> fem.
.curiosity.

jamvu& /Ôam.vu~/ <Ôa.m\.vu~> v.intr. .1. tobe solidify 2. to congeal 3. to getassembled.

ijd /Ôid/ <Ôi.d\> fem. .obstinacy.
ij¥I /Ôid.di/ <Ôi.ddii> adj. obstinate.

68
ijLlo /Ôil.lo/ <Ôi.llo> masc. .a district.
ij&dgI /Ôind.gi/ <Ôii~.d\.gii> fem. .life.

@v-xI /Ôiv.b˙\k.ßi/ <Ôii.v\.bh\.kshii>
adj. . carnivorous.
@vle8 /Ôiv.le¯/ <Ôii.v\.le.¯\> adj. .fatal.

@t /Ôit/ <Ôii.t\> fem. .victory.
@tvu& /Ôit.vu~/ <Ôii.t\.vu~> v.intr. .to win.
@n /Ôin/ <Ôii.n\> neut. .a kind of ghost.
@n /Ôin/ <Ôii.n\> neut. .a saddle.

@vvu& /Ôiv.vu~/ <Ôii.v\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to bealive 2. to exist.
@vs4os4 /Ôiv.s\.ˇo.s\ˇ/<Ôii.v\.s\.ˇo.s\.ˇ\> advb. .at the risk of
the life.

@- /Ôi.b˙/ <Ôii.bh\> fem. .the tongue.

@va8u& /Ôi.va.¯u~/ <Ôii.va.¯u~> masc. .abacterium.

@-ajo6I /Ôi.b˙a.Ôo.Îi/ <Ôii.bha.Ôo.Îii>fem. .a quarrel.

@vat /Ôi.vat/ <Ôii.va.t\> fem. .insects.

@rvvu& /Ôi.r\v.vu~/ <Ôii.r\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .todigest.

@vaTma /Ôi.vat.ma/ <Ôii.va.tma> masc.
.embodied soul.

@ru& /Ôi.ru~/ <Ôii.ru~> neut. .cumin seed.

jugl /Ôu.g\l/ <Ôu.g\.l\> neut. .1. a pair
2. a couplet.

@v /Ôiv/ <Ôii.v\> masc. .embodied soul.
@vj&tu& /Ôiv.Ô\n.tu~/ <Ôii.v\.Ô\~.tu~> neut.
.insects.
@v6u& /Ôiv.Îu~/ <Ôii.v\.Îu~> neut. .a small
insect.

jugar /Ôu.gar/ <Ôu.ga.r\> masc.
.gambling.
jugarI /Ôu.ga.ri/ <Ôu.ga.rii> masc. .agambler.

@vtr /Ôiv.t\r/ <Ôii.v\.t\.r\> neut. .life.

juguPsa /Ôu.gup.sa/ <Ôu.gu.psa> fem.
.nausea.

@vtu& /Ôiv.tu~/ <Ôii.v\.tu~> adj. .living.

ju5\5u /Ôuˇ˙.ˇ˙u~/ <Ôu.ˇhˇhu~> adj. .lie.

@vdya /Ôiv.d\.ja/ <Ôii.va.d\.ja> fem.
.kindness to all living beings.

juda; /Ôu.da.i/ <Ôu.da.ii> fem.
.separation.

@vn /Ôi.v\n/ <Ôii.v\.n\> neut. .life.

ju\du& /Ôu.du~/ <Ôu.du~> adj. .separate.

@vncir{a /Ôi.v\n.c\.rit.r\/<Ôii.v\.n\.c\.ri.tr\> neut. .biography.

junva8I /Ôun.va.ni/ <Ôu.n\.va.¯ii> adj.
.orthodox.

69
jubanI /Ôu.ba.ni/ <Ôu.ba.nii> fem. .oral
testimony.

jev6u& /Ôev.Îu~/ <Ôe.v\.Îu~> adj. .as largeas.

jumlo /Ôum.lo/ <Ôu.m\.lo> masc. .total
Ex. total runs in criket.

jevu& /Ôe.vu~/ <Ôe.vu~> adj. .similar.

julab /Ôu.lab/ <Ôu.la.b\> masc.. laxative.
juvar /Ôu.var/ <Ôu.va.r\> fem. .a kind ofcorn.

jehad /Ôe.had/ <Ôe.ha.d\> fem. .a
crusade.
jEn /Ôain/ <Ô\i.n\> masc. .a Jain.
jEn /Ô\in/ <Ô\i.n\> masc. .Jain religion.

juSso /Ôus.so/ <Ôu.sso> masc. .energy.
jU /Ôu/ <Ôuu> fem. .a louse.

jEn /Ô\in/ <Ô\i.n\> adj. .pertaining to
Jain
religion.

jU; /Ôu.i/ <Ôu.ii> fem. .a kind of flower
plant.

jo /Ôo/ <Ôo> advb. .1. if 2. provided that.

jU5 /Ôuˇ˙/ <Ôu.ˇh\> neut. .a lie.

jo;Ý /Ôoi-/ <Ôo.ii> v.dat.. to need. (theonly verb in Gujarati which does nothave infinitive -vu)& .

jU5u& /Ôu.ˇ˙u~/ <Ôu.ˇhu~> adj. .untrue.

jo`m /Ôo.k˙\m/ <Ôo.kh\.m\> neut. .risk.

jU5u& /Ôu.ˇ˙u~/ <Ôhu.ˇhu~> adj. .the left out
food.

jo`mavu& /Ôo.k˙\.ma.vu~/ <Ôo.kh\.ma.vu~>
v.intr. .to be at risk.

jU9 /Ôut˙/ <Ôuu.th\> neut. .a group.

jo`vu& /Ôok˙.vu~/ <Ôo.kh\.vu~> v.tr. .toweigh.

jUj /ÔuÔ/ <Ôuu.Ô\> adj. .little.

jUnu& /Ôu.nu~/ <Ôuu.nu~> adj. .old.
je5 /Ôeˇ˙/ <Ôe.ˇh\> masc. .the eight monthof Vikram samvat.
je5 /Ôeˇ˙/ <Ôe.ˇh\> masc. .the husband’s
elder brother.

jogva; /Ôog.va.i/ <Ôo.g\.va.ii> fem.
.provision.
joganu&jog /Ôo.ga.nu~.Ôog/ <Ôo.ga.nu.Ôo.g\>
advb. . incidentally.
jogI /Ôo.gi/ <Ôo.gii> masc. .a sadhu.

je5a8I /Ôe.ˇ˙a.¯i/ <Ôe.ˇha.¯ii> fem. .thehusband’s elder brother’s wife.

jo6 /ÔoÎ/ <Ôo.Î\> fem. .a pair.

jel /Ôel/ <Ôe.l\> fem. .jail.

jo68I /ÔoÎ.¯i/ <Ôo.Î\.¯ii> fem. .spelling.

70
jo68Iko= /ÔoÎ.¯i.koß/ <Ôo.Î\.¯ii.ko.ß\>masc. . spelling dictionary.

zgmgvu& /Ô˙\g.m\g.vu~/<Ôh\.g\.m\.g\.vu~> v.intr. to glitter.

jo6vu& /ÔoÎ.vu~/ <Ôo.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .1. toconnect 2. to join.

zgmga4 /Ô˙\g.m\.gaˇ/ <Ôh\.g\.m\.ga.ˇ\>masc. . glaring light.

jo6axr /Ôo.Îa.kß\r/ <Ôo.Îa.kß\.r\> masc.
.a conjunct consonant.

z36a`or /Ô˙\g.Îa.k˙or/<Ôh\.g\.Îa.kho.r\> adj. . quarrelsome.

jo6ajo6 /Ôo.Îa.ÔoÎ/ <Ôo.Îa.Ôo.Î\> advb.
.side by side.

z36az36I /Ô˙\g.Îa.Ô˙\g.Îi/<Ôh\.g\.Îa.Ôh\.g\.Îii> fem. quarreling.

jo6a8 /Ôo.Îa¯/ <Ôo.Îa.¯\> neut. .1. aconnection 2. a joint.
jo6Iyu& /Ôo.Îi.ju~/ <Ôo.Îii.ju~> adj. .twin.
jo6I /Ôo.Îi/ <Ôo.Îii> fem. .a pair.
jo6o /Ôo.Îo/ <Ôo.Îo> masc. .a shoe.
jor /Ôor/ <Ôo.r\> neut. .strength.
jovu& /Ôo.vu~/ <Ôo.vu~> v.tr. .to look.
jyar9I /Ôjar.t˙i/ <Ôja.r\.thii> advb. .since.
jyare /Ôja.re/ <Ôja.re> advb. .when.
jya& /Ôja~/ <Ôja~> advb. .where.
jyot /Ôjot/ <Ôjo.t\> fem. .a flame.

z36o /Ô˙\g.Îo/ <Ôh\.gh\.Îo> masc. .aquarrel.
zzUmvu& /Ô˙\.Ô˙um.vu~/ <Ôh\.Ôhuu.m\.vu~>
v.intr. .1. to hand over 2. to struggle on.
z4 /Ô˙\ˇ/ <Ôh\.ˇ\> advb. .quickly.
z4kvu& /Ô˙\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <Ôh\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.tr.
.to jerk.
z4ko /Ô˙\ˇ.ko/ <Ô\.ˇ\.ko> masc. .a sharp
blow.
z4p4 /Ô˙\ˇ.p\ˇ/ <Ôh\.ˇ\.p\.ˇ\> advb.
.hurriedly.
z6tI /Ô˙\Î.ti/ <Ôh\.Î\.tii> fem. .a
confiscation.
z6p /Ô˙\.Î\p/ <Ôh\.Î\.p\> fem. .speed.

jyoitqI /Ôjo.ti.ßi/ <Ôjo.ti.s°ii> masc. .an
astrologer.
jvaXamu`I /Ôva.Æa.mu.k˙i/<Ôva.Æa.mu.khii> masc. .a volcano.

z

z6pvu& /Ô˙\.Î\p.vu~/ <Ôh\.Î\.p\.vu~> v.tr.
.to seize.
z6pI /Ô˙\Î.pi/ <Ôh\.Î\.pii> adj. .speedy.
z8z8 /Ô˙\¯.Ô˙\¯/ <Ôh\.¯\.Ôh\.¯\>
masc. .a tinkling sound.

71
zpazpI /Ô˙\.pa.Ô˙\.pi/ <Ôh\.pa.Ôh\.pii>
fem. .a scuffle.

zXzXIya& /Ô˙\Æ.Ô˙\Æ.i.ja~/ <Ôh\.Æ\.Ôh\.Æii.ja~>
neut. pl.. tears welled up in the eyes.

zbkvu& /Ô˙\.b\k.vu~/ <Ôh\.b\.k\.vu~>
v.intr. .1. to flash 2.to twinkle.

zXu&zXu& /Ô˙\.Æu~.Ô˙.Æu~/ <Ôh\.Æu~.Ôh\.Æu~> neut.
.twilight.

zbkaro /Ô˙\b.ka.ro/ <Ôh\.b\.ka.ro> masc.
.a flash of light.

zXhXvu& /Ô˙\Æ.h\Æ.vu~/ <Ôh\.Æ\.h\.Æ\.vu~>
v.intr. .to shine brightly.

zbkoXvu& /Ô˙\b.koÆ.vu~/ <Ôh\.b\.ko.Æ\.vu~>
v.tr. .to soak in a liquid.

z&`na /Ô˙\˜.k˙\.na/ <Ôh\~.kh\.na> fem.
.an intense desire.

zbUkvu& /Ô˙\.buk.vu~/ <Ôh\.buu.k\.vu~>
v.intr.
1. to flash 2. to twinkle.

z&`vavu& /Ô˙\˜k˙.va.vu~/ <Ôh\~.kh\.va.vu~>
v.intr. .to be crestfallen.

z-lu& /Ô˙\.b˙lu~/ <Ôh\.bh\.lu~> neut. .achild’s frock.
z_-o /Ô˙\.b˙b˙o/ <Ôh\.bhbho> masc. .along loose gown.
zmvu& /Ô˙\m.vu~/ <Ôh\.m\.vu~> v.intr. .toooze.
zr8u& /Ô˙\r.¯u~/ neut. .1. a stream 2. arivulet.
zrmr /Ô˙\r.m\r/ <Ô\.r\.m\.r\> advb. .atype of slow rain.
zrvu& /Ô˙\r.vu~/ <Ôh\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to
dribble.

z&`vu& /Ô˙\˜k˙.vu~/ <Ôh\~.kh\.vu~> v.tr. .todesire something eagerly.
z&z4 /Ô˙\µ.Ô˙\ˇ/ <Ôh\~.Ôh\.ˇ\> fem.
.useless discussion.
z&zavat /Ô˙\µ.Ô˙a.vat/ <Ôh\~.Ôha.va.t\>masc. .a cyclone.
z&6o /Ô\.¯Îo/ <Ôh\~.Îo> masc. .a flag.
z&plavvu& /Ô˙\mp.lav.vu~/<Ôh\~.p\.la.v\.vu~> v.intr. .to start somework without considering risk factors.
zakX /Ô˙a.k\/ <Ôha.k\.Æ\> fem. .dew.
zazu& /Ô˙a.Ô˙u~/ <Ôha.Ôhu~> adj. .plentiful.

zru`o /Ô˙\.ru.k˙o/ <Ôh\.ru.kho> masc. .abalcony.

za4kvu& /Ô˙a.ˇ\k.vu~/ <Ôha.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.tr.
.1. to winnow 2. to scold.

zro /Ô˙\.ro/ <Ôh\.ro> masc. .a stream.

za6 /Ô˙aÎ/ <Ôha.Î\> neut. .a tree.

zverat /Ô˙\.ve.rat/ neut. .jewelry.

za6vu& /Ô˙aÎ.vu~/ <Ôha.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .toclean by sweeping.

zXkvu& /Ô˙\.Æ\k.vu~/ <Ôh\.Æ\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
.to shine.

72
za6I /Ô˙a.Îi/ <Ôha.Îii> fem. .a densebush.
za6u& /Ô˙a.Îu~/ <Ôha.Îu~> neut. .a broom.
za6o /Ô˙a.Îo/ <Ôha.Îo> masc. .excretion.
zap4vu& /Ô˙a.p\ˇ.vu~/ <Ôha.p\.ˇ.vu~> v.tr. .toclean by striking a piece of cloth.
zap4vu& /Ô˙a.p\ˇ.vu~/ <Ôha.p\.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr.
.to eat speedily.
zap4u& /Ô˙ap.ˇu~/ <Ôha.p\.ˇu~> neut. .asudden rain that comes for a short time.

zIlvu& /Ô˙il.vu~/ <Ôii.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to catch.
zUkvu& /Ô˙uk.vu~/ <Ôhuu.k\.vu~> v.intr. .tobow.
zUzvu& /Ô˙uÔ˙.vu~/ <Ôhuu.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. .tofight desperately.
zU&4vvu& /Ô˙u~.ˇ\v.vu~/ <Ôhu~.ˇ\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.to snatch.
zU6vu& /Ô˙uÎ.vu~/ <Ôhuu.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .tothrash.
zU6I /Ô˙u.Îi/ <Ôhuu.Îii> fem. .a small
bunch or bundle.

zar8 /Ô˙a.r\¯/ <Ôha.r\.¯\> neut. .solder.
zarvu& /Ô˙ar.vu~/ <Ôha.r\.vu~> v.tr. .tosolder.
zalr /Ô˙a.l\r/ <Ôha.l\.r\> masc. .a kindof pulse.
zalvu& /Ô˙al.vu~/ <Ôha.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to holdwith hands.
zaX /Ô˙aÆ/ <Ôha.Æ\> fem. .a flame (offire).
za&`ru& /Ô˙a~k˙.ru~/ <Ôa~.kh\.ru~> neut. .athorny shrub.
za&zr /Ô˙a~.Ô\r/ <Ôha~.Ôh\.r\> neut. .ajingling anklet.

zU6o /Ô˙u.Îo/ <Ôuu.Îo> masc. .a big
bunch or bundle.
zu&be= /Ô˙um.beß/ <Ôhu~.be.ß\> fem. .a
movement.
zUmvu& /Ô˙um.vu~/ <Ôuu.m].vu~> v.intr. .tohand over.
zUrvu& /Ô˙ur.vu~/ <Ôhuu.r\.vu~> v.intr. .togrieve for some thing or some person.
zUlvu& /Ô˙ul.vu~/ <Ôuu.l\.vu~> v.intr. .toswing.
zulavvu& /Ô˙u.lav.vu~/ <Ôhu.la.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.1. to swing 2. to rock.
zU&p6u& /Ô˙u~p.Îu~/ <Ôhu~.p\.Îu~> neut. .a hut.

za&zrI /Ô˙a~Ô˙.ri/ <Ôha~.Ôh\.rii> fem. .ajingling anklet for children.

zer /Ô˙er/ <Ôhe.r\> neut. .poison.

za&po /Ô˙a~.po/ <Ôha~.po> masc. .a gate.

zerI /Ô˙e.ri/ <Ôhe.rii> adj. .poisonous.

zI8u& /Ô˙i.¯u~/ <Ôhii.¯u~> adj. .small (insize).

zerIlu& /Ô˙e.ri.lu~/ <Ôhe.rii.lu~> adj.
.1.jealous 2. envious.

73

zokvu& /Ô˙ok.vu~/ <Ôho.k\.vu~> v.intr. .todoze.

4cko /ˇ\c.ko/ <ˇ\.c\.ko> masc. .a mild
stroke to cut a piece of wood.

zoku& /Ô˙o.ku~/ <Ôho.ku~> neut. .a dozing.

4clI /ˇ\c.li/ <ˇ\.c\.lii> fem. .the last
finger.

4

4cUk6u& /ˇ\.cuk.Îu~/ <ˇ\.cuu.k\.Îu~> adj.
.very small.

4kvu& /ˇ\k.vu~/ <ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.intr. .1. tosurvive 2. to last.
4kaw /ˇ\.ka.u/ <ˇ\.ka.u> adj. ..durable 2.
lasting.
4kavarI /ˇ\.ka.va.ri/ <ˇ\.ka.va.rii> fem.
.percentage.

44ar /ˇ\.ˇar/ <ˇ\.ˇa.r\> adj. .stiff.
44\4u /ˇ\ˇ.ˇu/ <ˇ\.ˇˇu> neut. .1. a pony 2. alean horse.
4pkvu& /ˇ\.p\k.vu~/ <ˇ\.p\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
.to drip.

4ko /ˇ\.ko/ <ˇ\.ko> masc. .percentage.

4pkavvu& /t\p.kav.vu~/ <ˇ\.p\.ka.v\.vu~>
v.tr. 1. to write down briefly 2. to copyout.

4kor /ˇ\.kor/ <ˇ\.ko.r\> fem. .1. asuggestion, 2. a mild scolding.

4pku& /ˇ\p.ku~/ <ˇ\.p\.ku~> neut. .1. a drop
2. a dot.

4korvu& /ˇ\.kor.vu~/ <ˇ\.ko.r\.vu~> v.tr. .1.
to suggest 2. to scold mildly.

4p4p /ˇ\p.ˇ\p/ <ˇ\.p\.ˇ\.p\> advb. .toprattle.

4k\kr /ˇ\k.k\r/ <ˇ\.kk\.r\> fem. .1. acollision 2. a resistance.

4p/lI /ˇ\p.li/ <ˇ\.p\.lii> fem. .1. a lightstroke with a finger 2. a light slap.

4ko /t\.ko/ <ˇ\.ko> masc. .a shaved off
head.

4po4p /ˇ\.po.ˇ\p/ <ˇ\.po.ˇ\.p\> advb.
.one by one.

4gr 4gr /ˇ\.g\r ˇ\.g\r/<ˇ\.g\.r\.ˇ\.g\.r\> advb. . with a fixedgaze.

4pa4pI /ˇ\.pa.ˇ\.pi/ <ˇ\.pa.ˇ\.pii> fem. .a
hot exchange of words.

4gumgu /ˇ\.gu.m\.gu/ <ˇ\.gu.m\.gu>
advb. .1. shaking 2. shaking.
4ckavvu& /ˇ\c.kav.vu~/ <ˇ\.c\.ka.v\.vu~>
v.tr. .to cut with a stroke.

4parvu& /ˇ\.par.vu~/ <ˇ\.pa.r\.vu~> v.tr. .towarn in a mild language.
4pal /ˇ\.pal/ <ˇ\.pa.l\> fem. .1. post 2.
mail.
4palI /ˇ\.pa.li/ <ˇ\.pa.lii> masc. .a
postman.

74

4bUk6u& /ˇ\.buk.Îu~/ <ˇ\.bu.k\.Îu~> adj. .avery small.
4mkvu& /ˇ\.m\k.vu~/ <ˇ\.m\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
.to twinkle slowly.
4hU&ko /ˇ\.hu~.ko/ <ˇ\.huu~.ko> masc. .a
bird’s cooing.

4a&kI /ˇa~.ki/ <ˇa~.kii> fem. .a tank (of someliquid).
4a&ko /ˇa~.ko/ <ˇa~.ko> masc. .a stitch.
4a&g /ˇa~˜g/ <ˇa~.g\> fem. .a leg(derogatory use).
4a&gvu& /ˇa~˜g.vu~/ <ˇa~.g\.vu> v.tr. .to hang.

4XvXvu& /ˇ\Æ.v\Æ.vu~/ <ˇ\.Æ\.v\.Æ\.vu~>
v.intr. .to wail.

4a&c8 /ˇa~.c\¯/ <ˇa~.c\.¯\> neut. .a shortnote.

4Xvu& /ˇ\Æ.vu~/ <ˇ\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .to be
removed.

4a&i4yo /ˇa~.ˇi.jo/ <ˇa~.ˇi.jo> masc. .a leg(derogatory).

4&k=aX /t\˜.k\.ßaÆ/ <ˇ\~.k\.ßa.Æ\> fem. .a
mint.

i4cavu& /ˇi.ca.vu~/ <ˇi.ca.vu~> v.intr. .1.to becollided 2. to run errands vainly.

4&4o /ˇ\¯.ˇo/ <ˇ\~.ˇo> masc. .a quarrel.

i44o6I /ˇi.ˇo.Îi/ <ˇi.ˇo.Îii> fem. .a kind ofbird.

4a7 /ˇaÎ˙/ <ˇa.Îh\> fem. .cold.
4a7u& /ˇa.Î˙u~/ <ˇa.Îhu~> adj. .1. cold 2.
stale.

i4Pp8I /ˇip.p\.¯i/ <ˇi.pp\.¯ii> fem. .acommentary.
4Ik6I /ˇik.Îi/ <ˇi.k\.Îii> fem. .a pill.

4a8u& /ˇa.¯u~/ <ˇa.¯u~> neut. .occasion.
4Ika /ˇi.ka/ <ˇii.ka> fem. .criticism.
4ap4Ip /ˇap.ˇip/ <ˇa.p\.ˇii.p\> fem. .an
external pomp.

4I`X /ˇi.k˙\/ <ˇii.kh\.Æ\> neut. .a quip.

4apu /ˇa.pu/ <ˇa.pu> masc. .an island.

4Icvu& /ˇic.vu~/ <ˇii.c\.vu~> v.tr. .to forge.

4al /ˇal/ <ˇa.l\> fem. .baldness.

4Ipvu& /ˇip.vu~/ <ˇii.p\.vu~> v.tr. .to strike.

4aXvu& /ˇaÆ.vu~/ <ˇa.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to avoid
2. to avert.

4Ipu& /ˇi.pu~/ <ˇii.pu~> neut. .a drop.

4a&k8I /ˇa~k.¯i/ <ˇa~.k\.¯ii> fem. .a pin.

4Il6I /ˇil.Îi/ <ˇii.l\.Îii> fem. .a small
mark on the forehead.

4a&kvu& /ˇa~k.vu~/ <ˇa~.k\.vu~> v.tr. .to chisel.

4IlI /ˇi.li/ <ˇi.li> fem. .a blot of disgrace.

75
4I&6oru& /ˇi¯.Îo.ru~/ <ˇi.Îo.ru~> neut. .a kindof vegetable.

4oc /ˇoc/ <ˇo.c\> fem. .1. a peak 2. a top
part.

4uk6I /ˇuk.Îi/ <ˇuu.k\.Îii> fem. .a team.

4ocvu& /ˇoc.vu~/ <ˇo.c\.vu~> v.tr. .to prick.

4uk6o /ˇuk.Îo/ <ˇu.k\.Îo> masc. .a piece.

4oplI /ˇop.li/ <ˇo.p\.lii> fem. .a small
basket.

4Ucko /ˇuc.ko/ <ˇu.c\.ko> masc. .1. ablack art 2. a joke.

4oplo /ˇop.lo/ <ˇo.p\.lo> masc. .a big
basket.

4uval /ˇu.val/ <ˇu.vo> masc. .a towel.
4opI /ˇo.pi/ <ˇo.pii> fem. .a cap.
4U&kavvu& /ˇu~.kav.vu~/ <ˇu~.ka.v\.vu~> v.tr. .1.
to shorten 2. to abridge.
4U&pvu& /ˇu~p.vu~/ <ˇu~.p\.vu~> v.tr. .toremove grass.

4opo /ˇo.po/ <ˇo.po> masc. .a hat.
4oXkI /ˇoÆ.ki/ <ˇo.Æ\.kii> fem. .a gang.
4oXI /ˇo.Æi/ <ˇo.Æii> fem. .a small group.

4U&po /ˇu~.po/ <ˇu~.po.> masc. .a strangling.
4oXu& /ˇo.Æu~/ <ˇo.Æu~> neut. .a crowd.
4ekrI /ˇek.ri/ <ˇe.k\.rii> fem. .a hill.
4ekvvu& /ˇe.k\v.vu~/ <ˇe.k\v.vu~> v.tr. .toprop.
4ekvu& /ˇek.vu~/ <ˇe.k\.vu~> v.intr. .1. tolean on 2. to be propped.
4eko /ˇe.ko/ <ˇe.ko> masc. .1. a support 2.
a prop.
4ervu& /ˇer.vu~/ <ˇe.r\.vu~> neut. .a tip (offinger).

55g /ˇ˙\g/ <ˇh\.g\> masc. . a cheat.
5gvu& /ˇ˙\g.vu~/ <ˇh\.g\.vu~> v.tr. .tocheat.
5ga; /ˇ˙\.ga.i/ <ˇh\.ga.ii> fem. .cheating.
5garu& /ˇ˙\.ga.ru~/ <ˇh\.ga.ru~> adj.
deceitful.

4ev /ˇev/ <ˇe.v]> fem. .a habit.
4evavu& /ˇe.va.vu~/ <ˇe.va.vu~> v.intr. .to beacquainted with.
4okvu& /ˇok.vu~/ <ˇ\.ko.vu~> v.tr. .to blamea person for his or her fault.

5p/ko /ˇ˙\p.ko/ <ˇh\.p\.ko> masc. .ascolding.
5rvu& /ˇ˙\r.vu~/ <ˇh\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .tobecome cold.
5rvu& /ˇ˙\r.vu~/ <ˇh\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to bestabilized.

76

5rav /ˇ˙\.rav/ <ˇh\.r\.vu~> masc. .1.a
proposal 2. a resolution.

5alvvu& /ˇ˙a.l\v.vu~/ <ˇha.l\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.to empty.
5alu& /ˇ˙a.lu~/ <ˇha.lu~> adj. empty.

5ravvu& /ˇ˙\.rav.vu~/ <ˇh\.ra.v\.vu~>
v.tr..1. to fix 2. to decide.
5rel /ˇ˙\.rel/ <ˇh\.re.l\> adj. .1.coolminded 2. wise.
5lvavu& /ˇ˙\l.va.vu~/ <ˇh\.l\.va.vu~> v.intr.
.to be emptied.
5svu& /ˇ˙\s.vu~/ <ˇh\.s\.vu~> v.intr. .to beconvinced.
5so5s /ˇ˙\.so.ˇ˙\s/ <ˇh\.so.th\.s\> advb.
full to the mouth.
5iXyo /ˇ˙\.Æi.jo/ <ˇh\.Æi.jo> masc. .thestone of a fruit.
5&6k /ˇ˙\¯.Î\k/ <ˇh\~.Î\.k\> fem.
.coldness.
5&6I /ˇ˙\¯.Îi/ <ˇh\~.Îii> fem. .cold.
5&6u& /t˙\¯.Îu~/ <ˇh\~.Îu~> adj. .cold.
5akor /ˇ˙a.kor/ <ˇha.ko.r\> masc. .a
community.
5akor@ /ˇ˙a.kor.Ôi/ <ˇha.ko.r\.Ôii> masc.
.a name of Lord Vishnu.
5a5 /ˇ˙aˇ˙/ <ˇha.ˇh\> masc. .pomp.
5a56I /ˇ˙aˇ˙.Îi/ <ˇha.ˇh\.Îii> fem. .afuneral bier.
5arvu& /ˇ˙ar.vu~/ <ˇha.r\.vu~> v.tr. .1. tocool 2. to freeze 3. to pacify.

5avku& /ˇ˙av.ku~/ <ˇha.v\.ku~> adj. .1.
serious 2. cool-minded.
5a&svu& /ˇ˙a~s.vu~/ <ˇha~.s\.vu~> v.tr. .to fillclosely.
5Ik /ˇ˙ik/ <ˇhii.k\> advb. .1. o.k. 2.
suitable.
5I&gravu& /ˇ˙i˜g.ra.vu~/ <ˇhi~.g\.ra.vu~>
v.intr. .to suffer heavy cold.
5U&5vavu& /ˇ˙u~ˇ˙.va.vu~/ <ˇhu~.ˇh\.va.vu~>
v.intr. .to be troubled by heavy cold.
5U&5u& /ˇ˙u~.ˇ˙u~/ <ˇhu~.ˇhu~> neut. .1. thestump of a tree 2. a stump of cigaretteetc.
5ek6I /ˇ˙ek.Îi/ <ˇhe.k\.Îii> fem.
.mockery.
5ek5eka8e /ˇ˙ek.ˇ˙e.ka.¯e/<ˇhe.k\.ˇhe.ka.¯e> advb. . everywhere.
5ek6o /ˇ˙ek.Îo/ <ˇhe.k\.Îo> masc. .a
jump.
5ekvu& /ˇ˙ek.vu~/ <ˇhe.k\.vu~> v.intr. .tojump or peap over.
5eka8u& /t˙e.ka.¯u~/ <ˇhe.ka.¯u~> neut. .1.anaddress 2. a place 3. a location.
5er 5er /ˇ˙er.ˇ˙er/ <ˇhe.r\.ˇhe.r\> advb.
everywhere.

77
5ervvu& /ˇ˙e.r\v.vu~/ <ˇhe.r\.v\.vu~> v.intr.
.to fix the price.

6gvu& /Î\g.vu~/ <Î\.g\.vu~> v.intr. .tobecome unstable.

5elvu& /ˇ˙el.vu~/ <ˇhe.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to puchforward.

6gXu& /Î\g.Æu~/ <Î\.g\.Æu~> neut. .1. a big
slice of fruit 2. a piece of wood.

5elo /ˇ˙e.lo/ <ˇhe.lo> masc. .a puch.

63avu& /Î\.g˙a.vu~/ <Î\.gha.vu~> v.intr. .tobe stunned.

5e= /ˇ˙eß/ <ˇhe.ß\> fem. .a light kick.
64\4o /Î\ˇ.ˇo/ <Î\.ˇˇo> masc. .a cork.
5okr /ˇ˙o.k\r/ <ˇho.k\.r\> fem. .astumbling.
5okvu& /ˇ˙ok.vu~/ <ˇho.k\.vu~> v.tr. .1. tostrike against 2. to hammer.
5ok&5ok /ˇ˙o.k\m.ˇ˙ok/ <ˇho.k\~.ˇho.k\>advb.
an act of striking repeatedly.
5o5 /ˇ˙oˇ˙/ <ˇho.ˇh\> adj. stupid.
5o&so /ˇ˙o~.so/ <ˇha~.so> masc. .a fist blow.

6

68kvu& /Î\.¯\k.vu~/ <Î\.¯\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
.to roar.
6f8u& /Î\p˙.¯u~/ <Î\.ph\.¯u~> neut. .ashort thick staff.
6blu& /Î\b.lu~/ <Î\.b\.lu~> neut. .a tin
box.
6bI /Î\.bi/ <Î\.bii> fem. .a small
metalic, wooden or ivory box.
6bo /Î\.bo/ <Î\.bo> masc. .a large tinbox.

6`o /Î\.k˙o/ <Î\.kho> masc. .1.
confusion 2. a dispute 3. a quauurel.

6mro /Î\m.ro/ <Î\.m.ro> masc. .a kindof fragrant plant.

6gmg /Î\g.m\g/ <Î\.g\.m\.g\> adj.
unstable.

6r /Î\r/ <Î\.r\> masc. .fear.

6gmgvu& /Î\g.m\g.vu~/ <Î\.g\.m\.g\.vu~>
v.intr. .to become unstable.
6glu& /Î\g.lu~/ <Î\.g\.lu~> neut. .a jacket.
6glu& /Î\g.lu~/ <Î\.g\.lu~> neut. .afootstep.
6glo /Î\g.lo/ <Î\.g\.lo> masc. .a coat.

6rpok /Î\r.pok/ adj. . craven.
6rvu& /Î\r.vu~/ <Î\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to fear.
6ram8u& /Î\.ra.m\.¯u~/ <Î\.ra.m\.¯u~>adj. . frightening.
6svu& /Î\s.vu~/ <Î\.s\.vu~> v.tr. .to bite(of serpent etc).
6hap8 /Î\.ha.p\¯/ <Î\.ha.p\.¯\> neut.
wisdom.

78

6hoXvu& /Î\.hoÆ.vu~/ <Î\.ho.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.
.to dirty liquid by shaking.
6hoXu& /Î\.ho.Æu~/ <Î\.ho.Æu~> adj. .dirty(water).
6&` /Î\¯.k˙\/ <Î\~.kh\> masc. .a sting.
6&`vu& /Î\˜k˙.vu~/ <Î\~.kh\.vu~> v.intr. .tosting.
6&`Ilu& /Î\¯.k˙i.lu~/ <Î\~.khii.lu~> adj.
vindictive.
6&fa= /Î\m.p˙aß/ <Î\~.pha.ß\> fem.
boastfulness.
6ak8 /Îa.k\¯/ <Îa.k\.¯\> fem. .a witch.

6am /Îam/ <Îa.m\> masc. .a burn given
as a part of a ritual or a custom.
6amvu& /Îam.vu~/ <Îa.m\.vu~> v.tr. .togive a burn as a part of a ritual or acustom.
6ama6oX /Îa.ma.ÎoÆ/ <Îa.ma.Îo.Æ\> adj.
.1. unsteady 2. chaotic.
6aX /ÎaÆ/ <Îa.Æ\> fem. .a branch of atree.
6a&`XI /Îø~k˙.Æi/ <Îa~.kh\.Æii> fem. .1. atender offshoot 2. a thin branch.
6a&gr /Îa~.g\r/ <Îa~.g\.r\> fem. .peddy.
6a&6 /Îa~Î/ <Îa~.Î\> adj. .1. shameless 2.
bullying.

6aku /Îa.ku/ <Îa.ku> masc. .robber.
6a3 /Îag˙/ <Îa.gh\> masc. .1. a blot 2. astain 3. a spot.

6a&i6yo /Îa~.Îi.jo/ <Îa~..jo> masc. .1. adrumstick 2. a small stick used to play a
Raas - a kind of collective dance.

6ai3yu& /Îa.g˙i.ju~/ <Îa.ghi.ju~> adj. .wild(usually used to modify a dog.).

6a&6I /Îa~¯.Îi/ <Îa~.Îii> fem. .a small thinstick.

6a3u& /Îa.g˙u/ <Îa.ghu~> masc. pl..amember of a funeral procession.

6uk\kr /Îuk.k\r/ <Îu.kk\.r\> neut. .apig.

6a3o /Îa.g˙o/ <Îa.gho> masc. .a spot.

6U&gr /Îu˜.g\r/ <Îuu~.g\.r\> masc. .asmall mountain.

6acu& /Îa.cu~/ <Îa.cu~> neut. .the mouth(derogatory).
6abu& /Îa.bu~/ <Îa.bu~> adj. .left.
6aberI /Îa.be.ri/ <Îa.be.rii> adj. .leftist.
6abo6I /Îa.bo.Îi/ <Îa.bo.Îii> adj. .lefthanded.

6&ugraX /Îu˜g.raÆ/ <Îuu~.g\.ra.Æ\> adj.
mountainous.
6u&grI /Îu˜g.ri/ <Îu~.g\.rii> fem. .a hill.
6u&gXI /Îu˜g.Æi/ <Îu~.g\.Æii> fem. .anonion.
6Uco /Îu.co/ <Îuu.co> masc. .a roll ofrags or papers.

79

6UbkI /Îub.ki/ <Îuu.b\.kii> fem. .a dive.

7glo /Î˙\g.lo/ <Îh\.g\.lo> masc. .1. apile 2. a heap.

6Ubvu& /Îub.vu~/ <Îu.b\.vu~> v.intr. .1. tosink 2. to drown.

7glab&0 /Î˙\g.la.b\nd˙/<Îh\.g\.la.b\~.dh\> adj. . abundant.

6Umo /Îu.mo/ <Îu.mo> masc.
.suffocation caused by sobbing.

7cupcu /Î˙\.cu.p\.cu/ <Îh\.cu.p\.chu>
advb. .1. wavering 2. hesitating.

6Usku& /Îus.ku~/ <Îu.s\.ku~> neut. .a sob.

7b /Î˙\b/ <Îh\.b\> fem. .1.a style 2. amethod.

6U&4I /Îu~.ˇi/ <Îuu~.ˇii> fem. .the navel.
6U&6U& /Îu¯.Îu~/ <Îuu~.Îuu~> neut. .an earof corn.

7s6vu& /Î˙\.s\Î.vu~/ <Îh\.s\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
.to drag.

6ok /Îok/ <Îo.k\> fem. .the neck.

7Xvu& /Î˙\.vu~/ <Îh\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .1. tocome out (of liquid) 2. to incline.

6oikyu& /Îo.ki.ju~/ <Îo.ki.ju~> neut. .aglance.

7&kavu& /Î˙\˜.ka.vu~/ <Îh\~.ka.vu~> v.intr.
.to be covered.

6oku& /Îo.ku~/ <Îo.ku~> neut. .the head.

7&g /Î˙\˜g/ <Îh\~.g\> masc. .manners.

6o6o /Îo.Îo/ <Îo.Îo> masc. .a spike ofmaize.

7&7ero /Î˙\¯.Î˙e.ro/ <Îh\~.Îhe.ro> masc.
proclamation.

6obu& /Îo.bu~/ <Îo.bu~> neut. .a buffalo.

7&7oXvu& /Î˙\¯.Î˙oÆ.vu~/ <Îh\~.Îho.Æ\.vu~>
v.tr. to shake soneone to awake him orher.

6obu& /Îo.bu~/ <Îo.bu~> adj. 1.dull 2.
stupid.
6ol /Îol/ <Îo.l\> fem. .a bucket.
6olvu& /Îol.vu~/ <Îo.l\.vu~> v.intr. .1. toswing 2. to oscillate.

7ak7oX /Î˙ak.Î˙oÆ/ <Îha.k\.Îho.Æ\>masc. outward appearance.
7al /Î˙al/ <Îha.l\> fem. .a shield.
7aX /Î˙aÆ/ <Îha.l\> masc. .a slpoe.

6o=I /Îo.ßi/ <Îo.ßii> fem. .an old woman.
6oXo /Îo.Æo/ <Îo.Æo> masc. .the eyeball.

7

7aXvu& /Î˙aÆ.vu~/ <Îha.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .1.tolower 2. to let incline downwards 3. tomould with a die.
7a&k8 /Î˙a~.k\¯/ <Îha~.k\.¯\> neut. .acover.

80t

7a&k8u& /Î˙a~k.¯u~/ <Îha~.k\.¯u~> neut. .acover.

tk /t\k/ <t\.k\> fem. .opportunity.

7a&kvu& /Î˙a~k.vu~/ <Îha.k\.vu~> v.tr. .1. tocover 2. to shut with a lid.

tktkvu& /t\k.t\k.vu~/ <t\.k\.t\.k\.vu~>
v.intr. to glitter.

7Il /Î˙il/ <Îhii.l\> fem. .a delay.

tkrar /t\k.rar/ <t\.k\.ra.r\> fem. .aquarrel.

7Ilu& /Î˙i.lu~/ <Îhii.lu~> adj. .loose.
7I&glI /Î˙i˜g.li/ <Îhii~.g\.lii> fem. .a doll.
7I&c8 /Î˙i~.c\¯/ <Îhii~.c\.¯\> masc.
.knee.
7I&cvu& /Î˙i~c.vu~/ <Îhii~.c\.vu~> v.tr. .todrink excessively.
7ebru& /Î˙eb.ru~/ <Îhe.b\.ru~> neut. .a fooditem.
7okXI /Î˙ok.Æi/ <Îho.k\.Æii> fem. .a fooditem.
7okXu& /Î˙ok.Æu~/ <Îho.k\.Æu~> neut. .afood item.
7or /Î˙or/ <Îho.r\> neut. .cattle.
7ol /Î˙ol/ <Îho.Æ\> masc. .a kind of
drum.
7olI /Î˙o.li/ <Îho.lii> masc. .a drummer.
7oX /Î˙oÆ/ <Îho.Æ\> masc. .metalplating.
7oXvu& /Î˙oÆ.vu~/ <Îho.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .tospill.
7o&g /Î˙ø~˜.g\/ <Îho~.g\> masc. .1.false
show 2. disguise.

tkladI /t\k.la.di/ <t\.k\.la.dii> adj.
.fragile.
tklIf /t\k.lip˙/ <t\.k\.lii.ph\> fem.
trouble.
tkIyo /t\.ki.jo/ <t\.kii.jo> masc. .apillow.
tkedarI /t\.ke.da.ri/ <t\.ke.da.rii> fem. .awatch.
t`to /t\k˙.to/ <t\.kh\.to> masc. .thestage.
tg6o /t\g.Îo/ <t\.g\.Îo> masc. .thefigure 3.
tgtgvu& /t\g.t\g.vu~/ <t\.g\.t\.g\.vu~>
v.intr. to glitter.
tgaru& /t\.ga.ru~/ <t\.ga.ru~> neut. .a broadmouthed bucket.
tge6vu& /t\.geÎ.vu~/ <t\.ge.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to
cause to run away.
tj /t\Ô/ <t\.Ô\> masc. .cinnamon.
tjvIj /t\Ô.viÔ/ <t\.Ô\.vii.Ô\> fem.
.planning.
tjvu& /t\Ô.vu~/ <t\.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. .torenounce.

81tj}a /t\.Ô\.gn\/ <t\.Ô\.gn\> adj. .expert.
t4 /t\ˇ/ <t\.ˇ\> masc. .a shore.
t4S9 /t\.ˇ\s.t˙\/ <t\.ˇ\.sth\> adj.
.neutral.
t6 /t\Î/ <t\.Î\> fem. .a crack.
t6 /t\Î/ <t\.Î\> neut. .a subdivision ofa caste.
t6ko /t\Î.ko/ <t\.Î\.ko> masc.
.sunshine.
t6ko2a&y6o /ˇ\Î.ko.c˙a~j.Îo/<t\.Î\.ko.cha~.j\.Îo> masc. .a cycle ofhappiness and unhappiness.
t6kI.2a&y6I /ˇ\Î.ki.c˙a~j.Îi/<t\.Î\.kii.cha~.j\.Îii> fem. ..a cycle ofhappiness and unhappiness.
t6f6 /t\Î.p˙\Î/ <t\.Î\.ph\.Î\> advb.
instantly.
t6f6vu& /t\Î.p˙\Î.vu~/ <t\.Î\.ph\.Î\.vu~>
v.intr. .to struggle hard hopelessly.
t6amar /t\.Îa.mar/ <t\.Îa.ma.r\> advb.
nonstop.
t8`lu& /t\.¯\.k˙\.lu~/ <t\.¯\.kh\.lu~>
neut. .a straw.
t8`o /t\¯.k˙o/ <t\.¯\.kho> masc. .aspark.
t8avu& /t\.¯a.vu~/ <t\.¯a.vu~> v.intr. .to be
dragged.

ttkal /t\t.kal/ <t\.t\.ka.l\> advb. .atonce.
tt6avvu& /t\t.Îav.vu~/ <t\.t\.Îa.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to rebuke.
t]v /t\t.v\/ <t\.tv\> neut. .an element.
t]v}aan /t\t.v\.gna.n\/ <t\.tv\.gna.n\>neut. .philosphy.
t]v}aanI /t\t.v\.gna.ni/ <t\.tv\.gna.nii>
masc. .a philosopher.
t9a /t\.t˙a/ <t\.tha> conj.. and.
t9aip /t\.t˙a.pi/ <t\.tha.pi> advb. .even
then.
tdupra&t /t\.dup.ra~t/ <t\.d\.u.p\.ra~.t\>advb. .1. in addition 2. moreover.
tn /t\n/ <t\.n\> neut. .the body(human).
tp`Ir /t\p.k˙ir/ <t\.p\.khii.r\> fem.
.snuff.
tpvu& /t\p.vu~/ <t\.p\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to beheated 2. to become angry.
tpas /t\.pas/ <t\.pa.s\> fem. .1.an
examination 2. a check up 3. aninvestigation.
tpasvu& /t\.pas.vu~/ <t\.pa.s\.vu~> v.tr. .1.
to examine 2. to investigate.
tpelI /t\.pe.li/ <t\.pe.lii> fem. .a
cooking vessel.
tf6&cI /t\p˙.Î\µ.ci/ <t\.ph\.Î\~.cii> fem.
1. misappropriation 2. theft 3.
plagiarism.

82

tf6avvu& /t\p˙.Îav.vu~/ <t\.ph\.Îa.v\.vu~>
v.tr. .1. to misappropriate 2. to steal 3. toplagiarize.
tfavt /t\.p˙a.v\t/ <t\.pha.v\.t\> masc.
.difference.
tbk\ko /t\.b\k.ko/ <t\.b\.kko> masc. .astage (in development).
tibyt /t\.bi.j\t/ <t\.bi.j\.t\> fem.
.health.
tbIb /t\.bib/ <t\.bii.b\> masc. .a
doctor.
tbelo /t\.be.lo/ <t\.be.lo> masc. .astable.
tmru& /t\m.ru~/ <t\.m\.ru~> neut. .cricket(insect).
tm&co /t\.m\µ.co/ <t\.m\~.co> masc. .a
country made pistol.
tmaku& /t\.ma.ku~/ <t\.ma.ku~> fem.
.tobacco.
tmaco /t\.ma.co/ <t\.ma.co> masc. .aslap.
tmam /t\.mam/ <t\.ma.m\> adj. .all.
tmaru& /t\.ma.ru~/ <t\.ma.ru~> adj. .yours.
tma=o /t\.ma.ßo/ <t\.ma.ßo> masc. .a
public show.
tme /t\.me/ <t\.me> pron.. you.
tr2o6vu& /t\r.c˙oÎ.vu~/ <t\.r\.cho.Î\.vu~>
v.tr. to renounce.

trt /t\.r\t/ <t\.r\.t\> advb. .. 1. at once
2. promptly.
trfe8 /t\r.p˙e¯/ <t\.r\.phe.¯\> fem.
.partiality.
trvra4 /t\r.v\.raˇ/ <t\.r\.v\.ra.ˇ\>masc. .intense zeal.
trvu& /t\r.vu~/ <t\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to swim.
trvu& /t\r.vu~/ <t\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to float.
tr&g /t\.r\˜.g\/ masc. . <t\.r\~.g\> 1. aripple 2. imagination.
tr&gI /t\.r\˜.gi/ <t\.r\~.gi> adj.
.whimsical.
trap /t\.rap/ <t\.ra.p\> fem. .a sudden
attack.
trIke /t\.ri.ke/ <t\.rii.ke> advb. .in themanner of.
tru8 /t\.ru¯/ <t\.ru.¯\> masc. .young.
tkR /t\r.k\/ <t\.rk\> masc. .1. aninference 2. a hypothesis.
tkR=aS{a /t\r.k\.ßas.tr\/ <t\.rk\.ßa.str\>neut. .logic.
tl /t\l/ <t\.l\> masc. .sesame.
tlp /t\.l\p/ <t\.l\.p\> fem. .a frenzied
desire.
tlpvu& /t\.l\p.vu~/ <t\.l\.p\.vu~> v.intr.
.to desire something or someone
intensely.

83
tlvar /t\l.var/ <t\.l\.va.r\> fem. .asward.

<ta.g\.Î\.dhi.nna> masc. .to spendmoney carelessly.

tlsa&kXI /t\l.sa~k.Æi/ <t\.l\.sa~.k\.Æii> fem.
.a kind of sweet made of sesame.

tagvu& /tag.vu~/ <ta.g\.vu~> v.intr. .toestimate.

tvarI` /t\.va.rik˙/ <t\.va.rii.kh\> fem.
.a chronicle.

taj /taÔ/ <ta.Ô\> masc. .a crown.

tsvIr /t\s.vir/ <t\.s\.vii.r\> fem. .aphotograph.

tajaklm /ta.Ôa.k\.l\m/ <ta.Ôa.k\.l\.m\>fem. a postscript.
taju /ta.Ôu/ <ta.Ôu> adj. .fresh.

tXpdu& /t\Æ.p\.du~/ <t\.Æ\.p\.du~> adj. .1.
regional 2. local.
tXvu& /t\Æ.vu~/ <t\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .to fry.

tajetrma& /ta.Ôe.t\r.ma~/ <ta.Ôe.t\.r\.ma~>
advb. .recently.

tXa; /t\.Æa.i/ <t\.Æa.ii> fem. .a mattress.

ta8 /ta¯/ <ta.¯\> fem. .1. scarcity 2.
shortage.

t&tu /t\n.tu/ <t\~.tu> masc. .a fiber.

ta8 /ta´/ <ta.¯\> fem. .a muscle strain.

t&{a /t\n.tr\/ <t\~.tr\> neut. .1.
management 2. administration.

ta8vu& /ta¯.vu~/ <ta.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .1. tostretch 2. to drag.

t&{aI /t\n.tri/ <t\~.trii> masc. .editor.

taTkailk /tat.ka.lik/ <ta.tka.li.k\> advb.
immediately.

t&durSt /t\n.du.r\st/ <t\~.du.r\.st\> adj.
healthy.
t&durStI /t\.ndu.r\s.ti/ <t\.du.r\.stii>
fem. health.
t&bU /t\m.bu/ <t\~.bu> masc. .a tent.
t&bUro /t\m.bu.ro/ <t\~.buu.ro> masc. .akind of musical instrument.
takvu& /tak.vu~/ <ta.k\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to aim
at 2. to take a target.
takat /ta.kat/ <ta.ka.t\> fem. .strength.
tag6i0NNaa /ta.g\Î.d˙in.na/tai]vk /tat.tvik/ <ta.tvi.k\> adj.
philosophical.
tap /tap/ <ta.p\> masc. .sunshine (refers
to the heat and not the light).
tap8u& /tap.¯u~/ <ta.p\.¯u~> neut. .abonfire.
tapvu& /tap.vu~/ <ta.p\.vu~> v.intr. .towarm up by sitting beside a fire place.
tab6tob /ta.b\Î.tob/ <ta.b\.Î\.to.b\>
advb. at once.

84
tar /tar/ masc. . <ta.r\> 1. a fiber 2. astring 3. a thread.

ta&i{ak /ta~.trik/ <ta~.tri.k\> adj. .pertaining
to occultism.

tar /tar/ <ta.r\> masc. .a telegram.

ta&i{ak /ta~.trik/ <ta~.tri.k\> masc. .an
occultist.

tarvvu& /ta.r\v.vu~/ <ta.r\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .1.
to summarize 2. to prepare a balancesheet.

ta&bu& /ta~.bu~/ <ta~.bu~> neut. .copper.

taraj /ta.raÔ/ <ta.ra.Ô\> adj. .ruined.

itjorI /ti.Ôo.ri/ <ti.Ôo.rii> fem. .1. a safe
2. a wardrobe.

tarI` /ta.rik˙/ <ta.rii.kh\> fem. .a date.

iti9 /ti.t˙i/ <ti.thi> fem. .a date according
to Hindu calander.

taru& /ta.ru~/ <ta.ru~> adj. .your (sing).
taro /ta.ro/ <ta.ro> masc. .a star.
taikRk /tar.kik/ <ta.rki.k\> adj. .logical.
talavelI /ta.la.ve.li/ <ta.la.ve.lii> fem. .astrong facination.
talIm /ta.lim/ <ta.lii.m\> fem. .training.
taluko /ta.lu.ko/ <ta.lu.ko> masc. .a subdistrict.
tav /tav/ <ta.v\> masc. .fever.
tavvu& /tav.vu~/ <ta.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to purify
a thing by heating.
tavIj /ta.viÔ/ <ta.vii.Ô\> neut. .1.
talisman 2. an amulet.
taXvu& /taÆ.vu~/ <ta.Æ\.vu~> neut. .thepalate.
taXI /ta.Æi/ <ta.Æii> fem. .a clapping.
ta&t8o /ta~t.¯o/ <ta~.t\.¯o> masc. .1.asting 2. a fiber 3. a thread.

itrSkar /ti.r\s.kar/ <ti.r\.ska.r\> masc.
.hatred.
itlk /ti.l\k/ <ti.l\.k\> neut. .an
auspicious mark on the forehead.
tI`u& /ti.k˙u~/ <tii.khu~> adj. .1. hot 2.
acrid 3. bitter.
tI6 /tiÎ/ <tii.Î\> neut. .a locust.
tI8u& /ti.¯u~/ <tii.¯u~> adj. .sharp.
tItI3o6o /ti.ti.g˙o.Îo/ <tii.tii.gho.Îo>masc. a grasshopper.
tIr /tir/ <tii.r\> neut. .an arrow.
tI9Rya{aa /tirt˙.ja.tra/ <tii.rth\.ja.tra> fem.
.a pilgrimage.
tI9RS9an /tirt˙.st˙an/ <ti.rth\.stha.n\>neut. a pilgrimage place.
tIv/ /ti.vr\/ <tii.vr\> adj. .1. intense 2.
actuate.
tuC2 /tuc.c˙\/ <tu.cch\> adj.
.insignificant.

85

tuma`I /tu.ma.k˙i/ <tu.ma.khii> fem.
.hot-tempered.

te6vu& /teÎ.vu~/ <te.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .1.to invite
2. to carry a child.
te6u& /te.Îu~/ <te.Îu~> neut. .an invitation.

turt /tu.r\t/ <tu.r\.t\> advb. .at once.
tulna /tul.na/ <tu.l\.na> fem. .acomparison.

te8I /te.¯i/ <te.¯ii> pron.. she. (mainlyin legal language)tula /tu.la/ <tu.la> fem. .Libra.

tetalIs /te.ta.lis/ <te.ta.lii.s\> adj. .forty
three.

tuver /tu.ver/ <tu.ve.r\> fem. .a kind of
pulse.

te{aIs /te.tris/ <te.trii.s\> adj. .33 (thirty
three).

tu& /tu~/ <tu~> pron.. you (singular).

te9I /te.ˇ˙i/ <t\.thii> advb. .1. therefore
2. so 3. hense.

tU4vu& /tuˇ.vu~/ <tu.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. .to be
destroyed.

tem /tem/ <te.m\> advb. .in that manner.

tUt /tut/ <tu.t\> neut. .1. a lie 2. a hoax.

ter /ter/ <te.r\> adj. .thirteen,tUtk /tu.t\k/ <tuu.t\.k\> neut. .a deck.

termu& /ter.mu~/ <te.r\.mu~> adj.
.thirteenth.

tUru& /tu.ru~/ <tu.ru~> adj. .astringent.
te /te/ <te> pron.. Third person singularpronoun (He, She, It).
tej /teÔ/ <te.Ô\> adj. .1. speedy 2. intense
3. sharp-edued 4. active.
tej /teÔ/ <te.Ô\> neut. .light.
tejSvI /te.Ô\.svi/ <te.Ô\.svii> adj.
1.brilliant 2. shining.
tejab /te.Ôab/ <te.Ôa.bii> masc. .acid.

termu& /ter.mu~/ <te.r\.mu~> neut. .thereligious ritual performed on the 13th day
after a person’s death.
ter= /te.r\ß/ <te.r\.ß\> fem. .thirteenth
day of a bright or dark fortnight of the
Hindu calendar.
tel /tel/ <te.l\> neut. .oil.
te&talIs /t´~.ta.lis/ <te.ta.lii.s\> adj. .forty
three.

te@ /te.Ôi/ <te.Ôii> fem. .good business.

te&s5 /t´~.s\ˇ˙/ <te~.s\.ˇh\> adj. .sixty
three.

te4lu& /teˇ.lu~/ <te.ˇ\.lu~> adj. .of a certain
proportion.

tEyar /t\i.jar/ <t\i.ja.r\> adj. .ready to
use.

86
tEyarI /t\i.ja.ri/ <t\i.ja.rii> fem.
.readiness.

tolo /to.lo/ <to.lo> masc. .an unit ofweight.

to /to/ <to> advb. .1.then 2. in that case.

toXvu& /toÆ.vu~/ <to.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to weigh.

to26a; /toc˙.Îai/ <to.ch\.Îa.ii> fem.
rudeness.

Tyjvu& /tj\Ô.vu~/ <tj\.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. .toabandon.

to26u& /toc˙.Îu~/ <to.ch\.Îu~> adj. .blunt.

Tyag /tja.g\/ <tja.g\> masc.
.renunciation.

to4o /to.ˇo/ <to.ˇo> masc. .shortage.
to6 /toÎ/ <to.Î\> masc. .1. a settlement
2. a compromise.
to6vu& /toÎ.vu~/ <to.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .1. tobreak 2. to pluck.
tot6u& /tot.Îu~/ <to.t\.Îu~> neut.
.stammering.
toit&g /to.ti˜.g\/ <to.ti~.g\> adj. .huge.

Tyagvu& /tjag.vu~/ <tja.g\.vu~> v.tr. .torenounce.
TyagI /tja.gi/ <tja.gii> adj. .one who hasrenounced material comforts.
TyagI /tja.gi/ <tja.gii> masc. .an ascetic.
Tyare /tja.re/ <tja.re> advb. .1. at taht time
2. then.
Tya=I /tja.ßi/ <tja.ßii> adj. .eighty three.

toter /to.ter/ <to.te.r\> adj. .seventy
three.

Tya& /tja~/ <tja~> advb. .there.

top /top/ <to.p\> fem. .a cannon.

{a8 /tr\¯/ <tr\.¯\> adj. .three.

to p8 /to p\¯/ <to p\.¯\> advb. .eventhen.

{aa4kvu& /tra.ˇ\k.vu~/ <tra.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
.to raid or attack suddenly.

tofan /to.p˙an/ <to.pha.n\> neut. .1.riot
2. disturbance.

{aa6 /traÎ/ <tra.Î\> fem. .a roar.
{aa8u& /tra.¯u~/ <tra.¯u~> adj. .ninety three.

tofanI /to.p˙a.ni/ <to.pha.nii> adj.
mischievous.
tor8 /to.r\¯/ <to.r\.¯\> neut. .an archof a gate.
tol /tol/ <to.l\> masc. .1.weight 2.
value.

{aas /tras/ <tra.s\> masc. .1. terror 2.
nuisance.
{aasvad /tras.vad/ <tra.s\.va.d\> masc.
terrorism.
{aaiht /tra.hit/ <tra.hi.t\> adj. .third
party.

87i{ako8 /tri.kø¯/ <tri.ko.Î\> masc. .a
triangle.
i{a-e4o /tri.b˙e.ˇo/ <tri.bhe.ˇo> masc. .a
meeting place of three roads.
i{ar&gI /tri.r\˜.gi/ <tri.r\~.gii> adj.
.tricolor.
{aIj /tri:Ô/ <trii.Ô\> fem. .the third day...
{aIju /tri:.Ôu/ <trii.Ôu> adj. .third.

99rvu& /t˙\.t\r.vu~/ <th\.th\.r\.vu~> v.intr.
.to shiver.
9ngnvu& /t˙\n.g\n.vu~/ <th\.n\.g\.n\.vu~>
v.intr. .to be very excited for soemthing.
9PpI /t˙\p.pi/ <th\.ppi> fem. .an orderly
pile or stack.
9r /t˙\r/ <th\.r\> masc. .1. a layer 2. acrust.
9r9r /t˙\r.t˙\r/ <th\.r\.th\.r\> advb.
shivering manner.

{aIs /tris/ <trii.s\> adj. .thirty.
{aepn /tre.p\n/ <tre.p\.n\> adj. .53 (fifty
three).
{aevIs /tre.vis/ <tre.vii.s\> adj. .twenty
three.
{aes5 /tre.s\ˇ˙/ <tre.s\.ˇh\> adj. .sixty
three.
{aEmaisk /tr\i.ma.sik/ <tr\i.ma.si.k\> adj.
quarterly.
{aofvu& /trop˙.vu~/ <tro.ph\.vu~> v.tr. .totattoo.
]vca /tv\.ca/ <tv\.ca> fem. .skin.

996 /t˙\Î/ <th\.Î\> neut. .the trunk of atree.
96kvu& /t˙\Î\k.vu~/ <th\.Î\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
.1. to stammer 2. to tremble with fear.

9vu& /t˙\.vu~/ <th\.vu~> v.intr. .1.to be 2. tohappen 3. to occur.
9ak /t˙ak/ <tha.k\> masc. fatigue.
9ag69Ig6 /t˙a.g\Î.t˙i.g\Î/<tha.g\.Î\.thi.g\.Î\> neut. .1. arepairing 2. a patching.
9a\8u& /t˙a.¯u~/ <tha.¯u~> neut. .1. a center
2. a post.
9ank /t˙a.n\k/ <tha.n\.k\> neut. .a placeof worship.
9ap4 /t˙a.p\ˇ/ <tha.p\.ˇ\> fem. .a lightblow.
9ap8 /t˙a.p\¯/ <tha.p\.¯\> fem.
.capital.
9apo /t˙ap/ <tha.po> masc. .the hip.
9ab6vu& /t˙a.b\Î.vu~/ <tha.b\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
.1. to pat 2. to encourage.
9aX /t˙aÆ/ <tha.Æ\> masc. .a large plate.

88
9aXI /t˙a.Æi/ <tha.Æii> fem. .a dinner plate.
9a&-lo /t˙a~b˙.lo/ <tha~.bh\.lo> masc. .asmall pillar.
9Ig6u& /t˙ig.Îu~/ <thii.g\.Îu~> neut. .apatch.
9Ijvu& /t˙iÔ.vu~/ <thii.Ô\.vu~> v.intr. .to befroze.
9UlI /t˙u.li/ <thuu.lii> fem. .half
grounded wheat.
9Ulu& /t˙u.lu~/ <thuu.lu~> neut. .husks
separated from flour.
9U&k /t˙u~k/ <thu~.k\> neut. .1. saliva 2.
spittle.
9eplu& /t˙ep.lu~/ <the.p\.lu~> neut. .a kindof bread.
9elI /t˙e.li/ <the.lii> fem. .a small bag.

9o-vu& /t˙ob˙.vu~/ <tho.bh\.vu~> v.intr. .tostop.
9or /t˙or/ <tho.r\> masc. .a throny plant.

ddix8 /d\k.ßi¯/ <d\.kßi.¯\> fem. .thesouth.
dix8a /d\k.ßi.¯a/ <d\.kßi.¯a> fem. .alms(given to the Brahmins).
dga`or /d\.ga.k˙or/ <d\.ga.kho.r\> adj.
treacherous.
dgabaj /d\.ga.baÔ/ <d\.ga.ba.Ô\> adj.
treacherous.
dga`orI /d\.ga.k˙o.ri/ <d\.ga.kho.rii>
fem. . treachery.

9elo /t˙e.lo/ <the.lo> masc. .a big bag.

dgaba@ /d\.ga.ba.Ôi/ <d\.ga.ba.Ôii> fem.
treachery.

9ok6I /t˙ok.Îi/ <tho.k\.Îii> fem. .a small
bundle.

dgo /d\.go/ <d\.go> masc. .treachery.

9ok6o /t˙ok.Îo/ <tho.k\.Îo> masc. .a big
bundle.

d6 d6 /d\Î d\Î/ <d\.Î\.d\.Î\> advb. .asound like that of water fallingincessantly.

9okb&0 /t˙ok.b\nd˙/ <tho.k\.b\~.dh\>
adj. wholesale.
9o6u& /t˙o.Îu~/ <tho.Îu~> adj. .little.
9o9vavu& /t˙ot˙.va.vu~/ <tho.th\.va.vu~>
v.intr. to stammer.
9o9u& /t˙o.t˙u~/ <tho.thu~> neut. .a book(derogatory).

d6 b6 /d\Î b\Î/ <d\.Î\.b\.Î\> advb.. asound like that of running of a humanbeing.
d6bu& /d\Î.bu~/ <d\.Î\.vu~> neut. .a sliceof solid food (not of a fruit).
d6o /d\.Îo/ <d\.Îo> masc. .a ball.

89
ddU6I /d\.du.Îi/ <d\.duu.Îii> fem. .athin current of water falling down.
dbdbo /d\b.d\.bo/ <d\.b\.d\.bo> masc.
pomp.
dba8 /d\.ba¯/ <d\.ba.¯\> neut. .1.
pressure 2. force.
dbavu& /d\.ba.vu~/ <d\.ba.vu~> v.intr. .tobe pressed.

dr@ /d\r.Ôi/ <d\.r\.Ôii> masc. .a tailor.
drj8 /d\r.Ô\¯/ <d\.r\.Ô\.¯\> fem. .1. atailor’s wife, 2. a woman tailor.
drjjo /d\.r\Ô.Ôo/ <d\.r\.ÔÔo> masc. .arank.
drd /d\.r\.d/ <d\.r\.d\> neut. .1.
disease 2. pain.
drdI /d\r.di/ <d\.r\.dii> masc. .patient

dm /d\m/ <d\.m\> masc. .asthma.
dm /d\m/ <d\.m\> masc. .stamina.
dmkvu& /d\.m\k.vu~/ <d\.m\.k\.vu~>
v.intr. to glow.
dmda4I /d\m.da.ˇi/ <d\.m\.da.ˇii> fem.
.a threatening.
dmn /d\.man/ <d\.m\.n\> neut.
.tyranny.
dmam /d\.mam/ <d\.ma.m\> masc.
grandeur.

drdagIno /d\r.da.gi.no/ <d\.r\.da.gii.no>masc. . money, ornaments, valuables etc.
together.
dpR8 /d\r.p\¯/ <d\.rp\.¯\> neut. .amirror.
drbar /d\r.bar/ <d\.r\.ba.r\> masc. .aroyal court.
drbar /d\r.bar/ <d\.r\.ba.r\> masc.
Rajput- a community.
drimyan /d\r.mi.jan/ <d\.r\.mi.ja.n\>
advb. meanwhile.

dya /d\.ja/ <d\.ja> fem. .compassion.
dr /d\r/ <d\.r\> masc. .rate.

drroj /d\r.roÔ/ <d\.r\.ro.Ô\> advb.
everyday.

dr /d\r/ <d\.r\> masc. .1. a burrow 2. ahole.

drvajo /d\r.va.Ôo/ <d\.r\.va.Ôo> masc.
.1. a gate 2. an entrance.

drkar /d\r.kar/ <d\.r\.ka.r\> fem. .care.

drvan /d\r.van/ <d\.r\.va.n\> masc. .agate-keeper.

dr`aSt /d\r.k˙as.t\/ <d\.r\.kha.st\>fem. proposal.
drgah /d\r.gah/ <d\.r\.ga.h\> fem. .thetomb of a Muslim saint.

drve= /d\r.veß/ <d\.r\.ve.ß\> masc. .a
Muslim saint.
d=Rn /d\.rß\n/ <d\.rß\.n\> neut. .1.
seeing 2. viewing, 3. a form of
worshiping

90
d=Rn /d\.rß\n/ <d\.rß\.n\> neut.
philosophy.

d= /d\ß/ <d\.ß\> adj. .ten.

d=aRvvu& /d\r.ßav.vu~/ <d\.rßa.v\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to show 2. to suggest.

d=k /d\.ß\k/ <d\.ß\.k\> masc. .the tenthpart.

draj /d\.raÔ/ <d\.ra.Ô\> fem. .ringworm(a skin disease).

d=m /d\.ß\m/ <d\.ß\.m\> fem. .tenthday of the Hindu fortnight.

dirya; /d\.ri.ja.i/ <d\.ri.ja.ii> adj.
.marine.

d=/mu& /d\ß.mu~/ <d\.ß\.mu~> neut. .tenth
day after a person’s death.

diryo /d\.ri.jo/ <d\.ri.jo> masc. .the sea.

d=a /d\.ßa/ <d\.ßa> fem. .condition.

drek /d\.rek/ <d\.re.k\> adj. .1.each 2.
every.

d=a&= /d\.ßa~ß/ <d\.ßa~.ß\> adj. decimal.

dro6o /d\.ro.Îo/ <d\.ro.Îo> masc. .araid.

d=I /d\.ßi/ <d\.ßi> fem. .1. hem of a
garment 2. wick.

dlal /d\.lal/ <d\.la.l\> masc. .a broker.

d=era /d\.ße.ra/ <d\.ße.ra> masc. .thetenth day of the bright half of the Asomonth.

dlalI /d\.la.li/ <d\.la.lii> fem.
.brokerage.

ds /d\s/ <d\.s\> adj. .10 (ten).

dilt /d\.lit/ <d\.li.t\> adj. .1. oppressed
2. down-trodden.

d=ko /d\ß.ko/ <d\.s\.ko> masc. a
decade.

dlIl /d\.lil/ <d\.lii.l\> fem. .anargument.

dStavej /d\.sta.veÔ/ <d\.sta.ve.Ô\> masc.
a document.

dv /d\v/ <d\.v\> masc. .a wild-fire.

dha6o /d\.ha.Îo/ <d\.ha.Îo> masc. aday.

dva /d\.va/ <d\.va> fem. .a medicine.
dva`anu& /d\.va.k˙a.nu~/ <d\.va.kha.nu~>
neut. .1. a hospital 2. a clinic.
dvada£ /d\.va.da.ru~/ <d\.va.da.ru~>
neut. pl.. medicines in general.
dvapa8I /d\.va.pa.ni/ <d\.va.pa.¯i>neut. medicines in general.

dhI& /d\.hi~/ <d\.hii~> neut. 1. yogurt 2.
curd.
dhI&tru& /d\.hi~.t\.ru~/ <d\.hii.t\.ru~> neut.
a food item.
dhI&v6u& /d\.hi~.v\.Îu~/ <d\.hi.v\.Îu~>neut. a food item.

91
dhej /d\.heÔ/ <d\.he.Ô\> neut. dowry.
dhe=t /d\.he.ß\t/ <d\.he.ß\.t\> fem.
apprehension.
dXdar /d\.dar/ <d\.Æ\.da.r\> adj. 1.
thick 2. heavy.
dXvu& /d\Æ.vu~/ <d\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to grind.
d&gl /d\˜.g\l/ <d\~.g\.l\> neut. aquarrel.
d&6 /d\¯.Î\/ <d\~.Î\> masc.
punishment.
d&6vu& /d\¯Î.vu~/ <d\~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. topunish.
d&tk9a /d\nt.k\.t˙a/ <d\.t\.k\.tha> fem.
1. a legend 2. a fable.
d&tm&jn /d\nt.m\µ.Ô\n/<d\.nt\.m\~.Ô\.n\> neut. 1. toothpowder 2. tooth-paste.
d&t=UX /d\nt.ßuÆ/ <d\~.t\.ßu.Æ\> masc. anelephant’s tusk.

da`lo /da.k˙.lo/ <da.kh\.lo> masc. 1.
an example 2. an illustration 3. amathematical problem.
dagIno /da.gi.no/ <da.gii.no> masc. an
ornament.
da3 /dag˙/ <da.gh\> masc. 1. a spot 2.
burning.
daz /daÔ˙/ <da.Ôh\> fem. feeling.
dazvu& /daÔ˙.vu~/ <da.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. to
get burn.
da4vu& /daˇ.vu~/ <da.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. to bury.
da6m /da.Î\m/ <da.Î\.m\> neut. a
pomegranate.
da7 /daÎ˙/ <da.Îh\> fem. a molar
tooth.
da7I /da.Î˙i/ <da.Îhii> fem. 1. the chin
2. the beard.
da8o /da.¯o/ <da.¯o> masc. a grain.

d&ptI /d\m.p\.ti/ <d\~.p\.tii> neut. a
couple (husband and wife).

dat8 /da.t\¯/ <da.t\.¯\> neut. a small
piece of a branch of a tree or a plant used
to clean teeth.

d&- /d\mb˙/ <d\~.bh\> masc.
hypocrisy.

dadr /da.d\r./ <da.d\.r\> masc. astaircase.

d&-I /d\m.b˙i/ <d\~.bhii> adj.
hypocritical.

dadro/dad.ro./ <da.d\.ro> masc. astaircase.

d&= /d\mß/ <d\~.ß\> masc. 1. a biting(of a serpent or scorpian) 2. a sting.

dadagIrI /da.da.gi.ri/ <da.da.gii.rii>
fem. bullying.
dadI /da.di/ <da.dii> fem. grandmother.

92
dado /da.do/ <da.do> masc.
grandfather.

das /das/ <da.s\> masc. a male servant.

dan /dan/ <da.n\> neut. 1. a gift 2. adonation.

dasI /da.si/ <da.sii> fem. a maleservant.

dant /da.n\t/ <da.n\.t\> fem.
intention.

daX /daÆ/ <da.Æ\> fem. 1. pulses
grounded into two parts 2. a food item
prepared fromsuch pulses.

danv /da.n\v/ <da.n\.v\> masc. a
monster.

da&t /da~t/ <da~.t\> masc. tooth.

dane=rI /da.ne.ß\.ri/ <da.ne.ß\.rii>
masc. a liberal donor.

da&ityo /da~.ti.jo/ <da~.ti.jo> masc. a comb.

dab6I /dab.Îi/ <da.b\.Îii> fem. a verysmall box.

idGd=Rk /dig.d\r.ß\k/ <di.gd\.rß\.k\>masc.

dabvu& /dab.vu~/ <da.b\.vu~> v.tr. topress.

a director (of a film or a drama).

dayko /daj.ko/ <da.j\.ko> masc. a
decade.
day8 /da.j\¯/ <da.j\.¯\> fem. a midwife.
da£ /da.ru/ <da.ruu> masc. 1. wine 2.
liquor.
da£`anu& /da.ru.k˙a.nu~/ <da.ruu.kha.nu~>
masc. fire-works.
da£i6yo /da.ru.Îi.jo/ <da.ru.Îii.jo>masc. a drunkard.
da=Rink /da.rß\.nik/ <da.rß\.ni.k\> adj.
philosophical.
dav /dav/ <da.v\> masc. a person’s turnin a game.
davo /da.vo/ <da.vo> masc. 11. a right
2. a claim 3. a law-suit 4. a demand.

idGmU7 /dig.muÎ˙/ <di.gmu.Îh\> adj. 1.
stunned 2. wonderstruck.
idncyaR /din.c\.rja/ <di.n\.c\.rja> fem. adaily routine activities.
idnrat /din.rat/ <di.n\.ra.t\> advb. day
and night.
idmag /di.mag/ <di.ma.g\> neut. thebrain.
idyr /di.j\r/ <di.j\.r\> masc. ahusband’s younger brother.
idl /dil/ <di.l\> neut. the heart.
idlgIr /dil.gir/ <di.l\.gi.r\> adj.
dejected.
idlgI.rI /dil.gi.ri/ <di.l\.gii.rii> fem.
dejection.

93
idlcSp /dil.c\ß.p\/ <di.l\.c\.ßp\> adj.
fascinating.

dIpavlI /di.pav.li/ <dii.pa.v\.lii> fem.
the Diwali festival.

idlcSpI /dil.c\ß.pi/ <di.l\.c\.ßpii> fem.
fascination.

dI3R /dir.g\/ <dii.rgh\> adj. long.

idldar /dil.dar/ <di.l\.da.r\> adj. 1.
beloved 2. liberal.

dIvada&6I /di.va.da~.Îi/ <dii.va.da~.Îii>fem. a light-house.
dIval /di.val/ <dii.va.l\> fem. a wall.

idlaso /di.la.so/ <di.la.so> masc.
consolation.
idvs /di.v\s/ <di.v\.s\> masc. a day.

dIvasXI /di.va.s\.Æi/ <dii.va.s\.Æii> fem.
a matchstick.
dIvI /di.vi/ <dii.vii> fem. a lamp-stand.

idvaso /di.va.so/ <di.va.so> masc. a
festival.
idvaXI /di.va.Æi/ <di.va.Æii> fem. theHindu festival on the last day of the
Hindu year.
idve4 /di.veˇ/ <di.ve.Î\> fem. a wick.
idvel /di.vel/ <di.ve.l\> neut. castor-oil.
idVy /div.j\/ <di.vj\> adj. divine.
dIkrI /dik.ri/ <dii.k\.rii> fem. adaughter.
dIkro /dik.ro/ <dii.k\.ro> masc. a son.
dIdI /di.di/ <dii.dii> fem. elder sister.
dIn /din/ <din> adj. poor (literary).

dIvo /di.vo/ <dii.vo> masc. a lamp.
dukan /du.kan/ <du.ka.n\> fem. a shop.
dukaX /du.kaÆ/ <du.ka.Æ\> masc. afamine.
du`vu& /duk˙.vu~/ <du.kh\.vu~> v.intr. 1.
to pain 2. to ache.
du`avo /du.k˙a.vo/ <du.kha.vo> masc.
1. pain 2. ache.
dui`yaru& /du.k˙i.ja.ru~/ <du.khi.ja.ru~> adj.
unhappy.
du8avu& /du.¯a.vu~/ <du.¯a.vu~> v.intr. to
be burnt (of food).
duinya /du.ni.ja/ <du.ni.ja> fem. 1. theworld 2. the universe.

dIp /dip/ <dii.p\> masc. a lamp.
dIpk /di.p\k/ <dii.p\.k\> masc. lamp.

dup4\4o /du.p\.ˇˇo/ <du.p\.ˇˇo> masc. a
scarf.

dIp6o /dip.Îo/ <dii.p\.Îo> masc. a
lamp.

du-agvu& /du.b˙ag.vu~/ <du.bha.g\.vu~>
v.tr. to divide by two.

94
du-avvu& /du.b˙av.vu~/ <du.bha.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to displease.

dusa)y /du.sad˙.j\/ <du.sa.dhj\> adj.
difficult to achieve.

du-avu& /du.b˙a.vu~/ <du.bha.vu~> v.intr.
to be displeased.

duzvu& /duÔ˙.vu~/ <du.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. toooze.

du-aiqyo /du.b˙a.ßi.jo/ <du.bha.s°i.jo>masc. an interpreter.

dU0 /dud˙/ <du.dh\> neut. milk.

durag/h /du.ra.gr\h/ <du.ra.gr\.h\>masc. excessive and undue insistence.
duracr8 /du.ra.c\.r\¯/ <du.ra.c\.r\.¯\>
neut. immoral behavior.

dUi0ya /du.d˙i.ja/ <du.dhi.ja> adj. milkwhite.
dU0I /du.d˙i/ <du.dhii> fem. a kind of
gourd.
dUbXu& /dub.Æu~/ <du.b\.Æu~> adj. weak.

duracr8I /du.ra.c\.r\.¯i/<du.ra.c\.r\.¯ii> adj. a person who
behaves immorally.

dU-vvu& /du.b˙\v.vu~/ <du.bh\.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to afflict.

duracar /du.ra.car/ <du.ra.ca.r\> neut.
immoral behavior.

dU-avu& /du.b˙a.vu~/ <du.bha.vu~> v.intr.
to be afflicted.

duracarI /du.ra.ca.ri/ <du.ra.ca.rii> adj.
a person who behaves immorally.

dUr /dur/ <du.r\> adj. far away.

dugRit /dur.g\.ti/ <du.rg\.tii> fem.
spiritual degeneration.
dugR&0 /dur.g\nd˙/ <du.rg\~.dh\> fem.
unpleasant smell.
dubRX /dur.b\Æ/ <du.rb\.Æ\> adj. weak.

dUr/bIn /dur.bin/ <du.r\.bii.n\> neut. 1.
a telescope 2. a binocular.
±7 /dr\Î˙/ <dr\.Îh\> adj. 1. firm 2.
strong.
±iQ4 /dr\.ßˇi/ <dr\.s°ˇi> fem. sight.

dulR- /dur.l\b˙/ <du.rl\.bh\> adj. rare.

de`re` /dek˙.rek˙/ <de.kh\.re.kh\> fem.
1. watch 2. guardianship.

duva /du.va/ <du.va> fem. blessing.

de`vu& /dek˙.vu~/ <de.kh\.vu~> v.tr. to see.

du+mn /duß.man/ <du.ßm\.n\> masc. an
enemy.

de`ade`I /de.k˙a.de.k˙i/ <de.kha.de.khii>
fem. senseless imitation.

duŠ` /duk˙/ <duŠ.kh\> neut. 1.
unhappiness 2. pain.

de`av /de.k˙av/ <de.kha.v\> masc.
appearance.

95
de`av6u& /de.k˙av.Îu~/ <de.kha.v\.Îu~>adj. 1. attractive 2. handsome
3.beautiful.
de`avu& /de.k˙a.vu~/ <de.kha.vu~> v.tr. toappear.
de`Itu& /de.k˙i.tu~/ <de.khii.tu~> adj.
obvious.
de6kI /deÎ.ki/ <de.Î\.kii> fem. a(female/ small) frog.

devu& /de.vu~/ <de.vu~> v.tr. to give.
de= /deß/ <de.ß\> masc. 1. a country 2. aregion.
de=kaX /deß.kaÆ/ <de.ß\.ka.Æ\> masc.
time and space.
de=daz /deß.daÔ˙/ <de.ß.da.Ôh\> fem.
patriotism.

de6ku& /deÎ.ku~/ <de.Î\.ku~> neut. a frog.

de=a4n /de.ßa.ˇ\n/ <de.ß\.ˇ\.n\> neut.
traveling in foreign country.

de6ko /deÎ.ko/ <de.Î\.ko> masc. a(male) frog.

de=ai-man /de.ßa.b˙i.man/<de.ßa.bhi.ma.n\> neut. patriotism.

dera8I /de.ra.¯i/ <de.ra.¯ii> fem.
husband’s younger brother’s wife.

de=I /de.ßi/ <de.ßii> masc. 1. native 2.
indigenous.

derasr /de.ra.s\r/ <de.ra.s\.r\> neut. a
Jain temple.

de=I /de.ßi/ <de.ßii> adj. a villager.

derI /de.ri/ <de.rii> fem. a small temple.

deh /deh/ <de.h\> masc. body.

dev /dev/ <de.v\> masc. a deity (male).

dehTyag /deh.tjag/ <de.h\.tja.g\> masc.
death.

devta /dev.ta/ <de.v\.ta> masc. a fire.

dEink /d\i.nik/ <d\i.ni.k\> adj. daily.

devnagrI /dev.nag.ri/ <de.v\.na.g\.rii>
adj. the Sanskrit script.

dEvI /d\i.vi/ <d\i.vii> adj. devine.

devX /de.v\Æ/ <de.v\.Æ\> neut. a church.

do4 /doˇ/ <do.ˇ\> fem. an act ofrunning.

devadar /de.va.dar/ <de.va.da.r\> adj.
indebted.

do6 /doÎ/ <do.Î\> fem. an act ofrunning.

devaXIyu& /de.va.Æi.ju~/ <de.va.Æii.ju~> adj.
bankrupt.

do60am /doÎ.d˙am/ <do.Î\.dha.m\>fem. turmoil

devI /de.vi/ <de.vii> fem. 1. a deity(female) 2. goddess.

do6vu& /doÎ.vu~/ <do.Î\.vu~> v.intr. to
run.

96
do6ado6 /do.Îa.doÎ/ <do.Îa.do.Î\> fem.
1. hurry 2. haste.

±ax /drakß/ <dra.kßha> fem. a grape.

do7 /ÎoÎ˙/ <do.Îh\> adj. one and half.

±oh /droh/ <dro.h\> masc. a betrayal.

do76a¬u& /doÎ˙.Îahju~/ <do.Îh\.Îa.hju~>
adj. over wise.

µIp /dvip/ <dvi.pa> masc. an island.

do7u& /do.Î˙u~/ <do.Îhu~> adj. one andhalf time.
dodXu& /dod.Æu~/ <do.d\.Æu~> adj. weak.
dor6I /dor.Îi/ <do.r\.Îii> fem. a string.
dor6u& /dor.Îu~/ <do.r\.Îu~> neut. a rope.
dorv8I /do.r\v.¯i/ <do.r\.v\.Îii> fem.
guidance.
dorvu& /dor.vu~/ <do.r\.vu~> v.tr. to draw
(picture, figure etc.)
dorvu& /dor.vu~/ <do.r\.vu~> v.tr. to guidea person or any other animal.
dorI /do.ri/ <do.rii> fem. a string.
doro /do.ro/ masc. <do.ro> 1. a thread 2.
a kind of necklace.
doq /doß/ <do.s°\> masc. 1. mistake 2.
fault.

µEmaisk /dv\i.ma.sik/ <dw\i.ma.si.k\.>adj. bi-monthly.

00kelvu& /d˙\.kel.vu~/ <d\.ke.l\.vu~> v.tr.
to push.
0k\k&0k\ka /d˙\.kk\m.d˙\k.ka/<d\.kke.dh\.kka> masc. intensely
crowded state.
0k\ka0k\kI /d˙\.kka.d˙\k.ki/<dh\.kka.mu.kkii> fem. . intensely
crowded state.
0k\kamuk\kI /d˙\.kka.muk.ki/<dh\.kka.mu.kkii> fem. a crowd
marked with pushes and blows.
0kko /d˙\k.ko/ <dh\.kko> masc. apush.
0kko /d˙\k.ko/ <dh\.kko> masc. anerrand.

doSt /dost/ <dos.t\> masc. a friend.
dohvu& /doh.vu~/ <do.h\.vu~> v.tr. to milk.
doih{a /do.hi.tr\/ <do.hi.tr\> masc. adaughter’s son.
doih{aI /do.hi.tri/ <do.hi.trii> fem. adaughter’s daughter.

0g0gvu& /d˙\g.d˙\g.vu~/<dh\.g\.dh\.g\.vu~> v.intr. to burnintensely.
0g= /d˙\.g\ß/ <dh\.g\.ß\> fem. 1. zeal
2. enthusiasm.

97
0ja /d˙\.Ôa/ <dh\.Ôa> fem. 1. a flag 2. abanner.
06 /d˙\Î/ <dh\.Î\> neut. the humanbody without head.

0nuQy /d˙\.nu.ßj\/ <dh\.nu.ßj\> neut. abow.
0Ny /d˙\.nj\/ <dh\.nj\> adj. 1.
fortunate 2. praiseworthy.

06k /d˙\.Î\k/ <dh\.Î\.k\> fem.
throbbing of the heart due to fright,
shock etc.

0b6ko /d˙\.b\Î.ko/ <dh\.b\.Î\.ko>masc. a fiasco.

06kvu& /d˙\.Î\k.vu~/ <dh\.Î\.k\.vu~>
v.intr. to throb.

0mkvu& /d˙\.m\k.vu~/ <dh\.m\.k\.vu~>
v.intr. to tremble.

06ako /d˙\.Îa.ko/ <dh\.Îa.ko> masc. an
exploding sound.

0mkavvu& /d˙\m.kav.vu~/ <dh\.m\.ka.vu~>
v.tr. to scold.

06a06 /d˙\.Îa.d˙\Î/ <dh.Îa.dh\.Î\>advb. quickly and violently.

0mkI /d˙\m.ki/ <dh\.m\.kii> fem. athreat.

06a06I /d˙\.Îa.d˙\.Îi/ <dh\.Îa.dh\.Îii>fem. commotion.

0m0okar /d˙\m.d˙o.kar/<dh\.m\.dho.ka.r\> advb. at fullspeed.

08 /d˙\¯/ <dh\.¯\> neut. a herd ofcattle.
0808vu& /d˙\¯.d˙\¯.vu~/<dh\.¯\.dh\.¯\.vu~> v.intr. to quake(of earth etc).
08I /d˙\.¯i/ <dh\.¯ii> masc. 1. amaster 2. an owner 3. the husband.
08Iya8I /d˙\.¯i.ja.¯i/ <dh\.¯ii.ja.¯ii>
fem.1. master’s wife 2. owner’s wife 3. afemale owner.

0min /d˙\m.ni/ <dh\.m\.ni> fem. anartery.
0mp2a6a /d˙\m.p\.c˙a.Îa/<dh\.m\/p\.cha.Îa> masc. vain
efforts made impatiently.
0mal /d˙\.mal/ <dh\.ma.l\> fem.
commotion.
0rtI /d˙\r.ti/ <dh\.r\.tii> fem. 1. theearth 2. the soil.

0it&g /d˙\.ti˜.g\/ <dh\.ti~.g\> neut. 1. asham 2. phoniness.

0rpk6 /d˙\r.p\.k\Î/ <dh\.r\.p\.k\.Î\>fem. an arrest.

0n /d˙\n/ <dh\.n\> neut. 1. money 2.
wealth.

0rbvu& /d˙\.r\b.vu~/ <dh\.r\.b\.vu~> v.tr.
to over fill.

0nter= /d˙\n.te.r\ß/ <dh\.n\.te.r\.ß\>fem. a Hindu festival.

98
0rmUX /d˙\r.mu/ <dh\.r\.muu.Æ\>
neut. the very beginning.

0sms /d˙\s.m\s/ <dh\.s\.m\.s\> fem.
excitement.

0rvu& /d˙\r.vu~/ <dh\.r\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tohold by hand 2. to assume 3. to offer.

0svu& /d˙\s.vu~/ <dh\.s\.vu~> v.intr. torush forcefully.

0ravu& /d˙\.ra.vu~/ <dh\.ra.vu~> v.intr. to
be satisfied.

0saro /d˙\.sa.ro/ <dh\.sa.ro> masc.
rush.

0rI /d˙\.ri/ <dh\.rii> fem. an axle.

0&0o /d˙\n.d˙o/ <dh\~.dho> masc. abusiness.

0ro /d˙\.ro/ <dh\.ro> masc. a deep pit
in a river.
0mR /d˙\r.m\/ <dh\.rm\> masc. 1.
religion 2. duty.
0mRguru /d˙\r.m\.gu.ru/ <dh\.rm\.gu.ru>
masc. a spiritual teacher.

0ak /d˙ak/ <dha.k\> fem. fright.
0a6 /d˙aÎ/ <dha.Î\> fem. robbery.
0a6pa6u /d˙aÎ.pa.Îu/ <dha.Î\.pa.Îu>masc. a robber.
0a8I /d˙a.¯i/ <dha.¯ii> fem. popcorn.

0mRg/&9 /d˙\r.m\.gr\nt˙/<dh\.rm\.gr\~.th\> masc. a religious
book.

0atu /d˙a.tu/ <dha.tu> fem. a metal.
0an /d˙an/ <dha.n\> neut. grain.

0mRs&k4 /d˙\r.m\.s\m.k\ˇ/<dh\.rm\.s\~.k\.ˇ\> neut. a moral
dilemma.

0ap /d˙ap/ fem. a cheating.
0abu& /d˙a.bu~/ <dha.bu~> neut. a terrace.

0maRTma /d˙\r.mat.ma/ <dh\.rma.tma>
masc. a man with a holy soul.

0abu& /d˙a.bu~/ <dha.bu~> neut. a blot.

0maRda /d˙\r.ma.da/ <dh\.rma.da> adj.
pertaining to religious charity.

0am /d˙am/ <dha.m\> neut. a dwellingplace.

0maRNtr /d˙\r.man.t\r/ <dh\.rma.nt\.r\>
neut. an act of adopting another’s
religion.

0am0Um /d˙am.d˙um/ <dha.m\.dhu.m\>fem. grandeur.

0maR&0 /d˙\r.man.d˙\/ <dh\.rma~.dh\>
adj. fanatic.
0imRQ4 /d˙\r.mißˇ/ <dh\.rmi.s°ˇ\> adj.
religious minded.

0amo /d˙a.mo/ <dha.mo> masc.
unexpected stay.
0ar /d˙ar/ <dha.r\> fem. 1. the edge ofa weapon 2. a thin current of falling
water.

99

0ar8a /d˙ar.¯a/ <dha.r\.¯a> fem.
inference.

0Ime9I /d˙i.me.t˙i/ <dhii.me.thii> advb.
slowly.
0Irj /d˙i.r\Ô/ <dhi.r\.Ô\> fem. patience.

0arvu& /d˙ar.vu~/ <dha.r\.vu~> v.tr. toinfer.
0ara0or8 /d˙a.ra.d˙o.r\¯/<dha.ra.dho.r\.¯\> neut. 1. rules andregulations 2. code and conduct.
0ara=aS{aI /d˙a.ra.ßaß.tri/ <dha.ra.ßa.ßtrii>
masc. a lawyer.
0aras-a /d˙a.ra.s\.b˙a/ <dha.ra.sa.bha>fem. a legislative assembly.
0aro /d˙a.ro/ <dha.ro> masc. 1. acustom 2. a tradition.
0aimRk /d˙ar.mik/ <dha.rmi.k\> adj.
religious.
0av8 /d˙a.v\¯/ <dha.v\.¯\> neut.
mother’s milk.
0avvu& /d˙av.vu~/ <dha.v\.vu~> v.intr. tosuck milk from mother’s breasts.
0a&0l /d˙a~.d˙\l/ <dha~.dh\.l\> fem.
commotion.
i0kavvu& /d˙i.kav.vu~/ <dhi.kka.r\.vu~>
v.tr. to burn intensely.
i0k\kar /d˙i.kkar/ <dhi.kka.r\> masc.
hatred.
0Imu& /d˙i.mu~/ <dhii.mu~> adj. slow.
0Ime /d˙i.me/ <dhii.mu~> advb. slowly.

0Ir0ar /d˙ir.d˙ar/ <dhi.r\.dha.r\> fem.
money-landing.
0Irvu& /d˙ir.vu~/ <dhii.r\.vu~> v.tr. 1.togive on credit 2. to lend money oninterest.
0utarI /d˙u.ta.ri/ <dhu.ta.rii> fem. a
deceitful woman.
0utaro /d˙u.ta.ro/ <dhu.ta.ro> masc. a
deceitful man.
0upel /d˙u.pel/ <dhu.pe.l\> neut. hairoil.
0umai6yu& /d˙u.ma.Îi.ju~/ <dhu.ma.Îi.ju~>
neut. a chimney.
0uma6o /d˙u.ma.Îo/ <du.ma.Îo> masc.
smoke.
0U8vu& /d˙u¯.vu~/ <dhuu.¯\.vu~> v.intr. toshake or swing head under the influenceof black art.
0Utvu& /d˙ut.vu~/ <dhuu.t\.vu~> v.intr. tocheat.
0Un /d˙un/ <dhuu.n\> fem. a strong
addiction.
0Up /d˙up/ <dhuu.p\> masc. a kind offragrant substance.
0UpsXI /d˙up.s\.Æi/ <dhu.p\.s\.Æii> fem.
an incense stick.
0UX /d˙uÆ/ <dhuu.Æ\> fem. dust.

100

0U&AapU&Aa /d˙u~.a.pu~.a/ <dhuu~.a.puu~.a>adj.
burning with anger.
0U&0vavu& /d˙u~nd˙.va.vu~/ <dhu~.dh\.va.vu~>
v.intr. to grudge silently.
0U&0Xu& /d˙u~d˙.Æu~/ <dhu~.dh\.Æu~> adj. 1.
misty 2. dim.

0ova8 /d˙o.va¯/ <dho.va.¯\> neut.
attrition.
0ovu& /d˙o.vu~/ <dho.vu~> v.tr. 1. to wash
2. to clean.
0oX /d˙oÆ/ <dho.Æ\> neut. a kind of
devotional song.
0oXu& /d˙o.Æu~/ <dho.Æu~> adj. white.

0U&srI /d˙u~s.ri/ <dhu~.s\.rii> fem. a yoke.

)yan /d˙ja.n\/ <dhj.n\> neut. attention.

0oka4vu& /d˙o.kaˇ.vu~/ <do.ka.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr.
to beat with a club.

)yey /d˙jej/ <dhje.j\> masc. goal.

0oko /d˙o.ko/ <dho.ko> masc. a shorttick staff.
0oko /d˙o.ko/ <dho.ko> masc. 1. harm
2. betrayal.
0oityu& /d˙o.ti.ju~/ <dho.ti.ju~> neut. a big
scarf-like lower garment of Hindu males.
0otI /d˙o.ti/ <dho.tii> fem. a big scarflike lower garment of Hindu males.
0o0 /d˙od˙/ <dho.dh\> masc. a waterfall.
0ob8 /d˙o.b\¯/ <dho.b\.¯\> fem. 1. awasher man’s wife 2. a washer-woman.
0obI /d˙o.bi/ <dho.bii> masc. a washerman.
0or8 /d˙o.r\¯/ <dho.r\.¯\> neut. agrade (first, second etc) of a school.
0ola; /d˙o.la.i/ <dho.la.ii> fem. 1.
washing 2. remuneration for washing.

0/ujarI /d˙ru.Ôa.ri/ <dhru.Ôa.rii> fem.
trembling.
)vj /d´v\Ô/ <dhv\.Ô\> masc. a flag.
)vin /d˙va.ni/ <dhv\.ni> masc. sound.

nnkl /n\.k\l/ <n\.k\.l\> fem. 1. a copy
2. a transcript.
nklI /n\k.li/ <n\.k\.lii> adj. 1.
artificial 2. unoriginal.
nk=Ikam /n\k.ßi.kam/ <n\.k\.ßii.ka.m\>neut. carving.
nk=o /n\k.ßo/ <n\.k\.ßo> masc. 1. a
map 2. an outline.
nkamu& /n.ka.mu~/ <n\.ka.mu~> adj.
useless.
nkar /n\.kar/ <n\.ka.r\> masc.
negation.

101
nkUco /n\.ku.co/ <n\.kuu.co> masc. a
hook for locking.

ngd /n\.g\d/ <n\.g\.d\> adj. in cash.
ngr /n\.g\r/ <n\.g\.r\> neut. a city.

nkor6o /n\.kor.Îo/ <n\.ko.r\.Îo> adj.
without food and water (fasting).
nkkr /n\k.k\r/ <n\.kk\.r\> adj. 1.
solid 2. authentic.
nkkI /n\k.ki/ <n\.kki> adj. 1. sure 2.
certain 3. fixed.
nx{a /n\.kß\.tr\/ <n\.kß\.tr\> neut. a
constellation.
n` /n\k˙/ <n\.kh\> masc. a nail.
n`raXu& /n\k˙.ra.Æu~/ <n\.kh\.ra.Æu~> adj.
1. prudish 2. coquettish.
n`ra`or /n\k˙.ra.k˙or/<n\.kh\.ra.kho.r\> adj. 1. prudish 2.
coquettish.

ngrI /n\g.ri/ <n\.g\.rii> fem. a smallcity.
ngru& /n\g.ru~/ <n\.g\.ru~> adj. 1. aperson who has no guru 2. shameless.
nGn /n\g.n\/ <n\.gn\> adj. 1. naked 2.
nude 3. shameless.
nic&t /n\.ci~nt/ <n\.ci~.t\> adj. free fromworries.
n2U4ke /n\.c˙uˇ.ke/ <na.chuu.t\.ke>advb. 1. compulsorily 2. helplessly.
njdIk /n\Ô.dik/ <n\.Ô\.dii.k\> advb. 1.
near 2. beside.
njr /n\.Ô\r/ <n\.Ô\.r\> fem. sight.

n`rabaj /n\k˙.ra~.baÔ/ <n\.kh\.ra.ba.Ô\>
adj. 1. prudish 2. coquettish.

njra8u& /n\Ô.ra.¯u~/ <n\.Ô\.ra.¯u~> neut. agift.

n`ru& /n\k˙.ru~/ <n\.kh\.ru~> neut. 1.
prudery 2. coquetry.

njravu& /n\Ô.ra.vu~/ <n\.Ô\.ra.¯u~> v.intr.
to be the victim of evil sight.

n`lI /n\k˙.li/ <n\.kh\.lii> fem. a nailpolish.

njronjr /n\Ô.ro.n\.Ô\r/<n\.Ô\.ro.n\.Ô\.r\> advb. in front of.

n`i=` /n\k˙.ßik˙/ <n\.kh\.ßi.kh\> adj.
from the toe to the head.

n@k /n\.Ôik/ <n\.Ôii.k\> postp. 1. near
2. beside.

n~`od /n\k˙.k˙od/ <n\.khokho.d\>neut. 1.end of a family generation 2.
complete destruction.

n@vu& /n\.Ôi.vu~/ <n\.Ôii.vu~> adj.
insignificant (in amount and quantity).

ng8u& /n\.g\.¯u~/ <n\.g\.¯u~> adj.
ungrateful.

n4 /n\ˇ/ <n\.ˇ\> masc. a male actor.
n4I /n\.ˇi/ <n\.ˇii> fem. a female actor.

102n5aru& /n\.ˇ˙a.ru~/ <n\.ˇha.ru~> adj. 1.
wicked 2. harmful.
n5or /n\.ˇ˙or/ <n\.ˇho.r\> adj. 1.
heartless 2. cruel.
n6tr /n\Î.t\r/ <n\.Î\.t\.r\> neut. 1. anobstruction 2. troubles assumed to becreated by ghosts and evil spirits.
n8dl /n\¯.d\l/ <n\.¯\.d\.l\> fem.
husband’s sister.
n8dI /n\¯.di/ <n\.¯\.dii> fem.
husband’s sister.
n8do; /n\¯.do.i/ <n\.¯\.do.ii> fem.
husband’s sister’s husband.
ntIjo /n\.ti.Ôo/ <n\.tii.Ôo> masc. 1.
result 2. an outcome.
n8&d /n\.¯\nd/ <n\~.¯\.d\> fem.
husband’s sister.
n9 /n\t˙/ <n\.th\> fem. a nose-ring.
n9I /t\.t˙i/ <n\.thii> neg. is not.
ndI /n\.di/ <n\.dii> fem. a river.
n0i8yatu& /n\.d˙\.¯i.ja.tu~/<n\.dh\.¯i.ja,tu~> adj. 1. unguarded 2.
stray.

npas /n\.pas/ <n\.pa.s\> adj. fail.
npu&sk /n\.pu~m.s\k/ <n\.pu~.s\.k\> adj.
1. impotent 2. neuter gender.
nfkru& /n\.p˙\k.ru~/ <n\.ph\.k\.ru~> adj.
careless.
nf\f4 /n\p˙.p˙\ˇ/ <n\.phph\.ˇ\> adj.
1.shameless 2. rude.
nfa`or /n\.p˙a.k˙or/ <n\.pha.kho.r\>adj. inclined to profiteering.
nifkru& /n\.p˙ik.ru~/ adj. careless.
nfo /n\.p˙o/ <n\.pho> masc. profit.
nbXa; /n\b.Æa.i/ <n\.b\.Æa.ii> fem.
weakness.
nbXu& /n\b.Æu~/ <n\.b\.Æu~> adj. weak.
nbapu& /n\.ba.pu~/ <n\.ba.pu~> adj.
fatherless.
n- /n\b˙/ <n\.bh\> neut. the sky.
n-vu& /n\b˙.vu~/ <n\.bh\.vu~> v.intr. tolast.
nmk /n\.m\k/ <n\.m\.k\> neut. salt.
nm8u& /n\m.¯u~/ <n\.m\.¯u~> adj.
humble.

nnamI /n\.na.mi/ <n\.na.mii> fem. abier.

nmn /n\.m\n/ <n\.m\.n\> neut. abowing in reverence.

nnamu& /n\.na.mu~/ <n\.na.mu~> adj.
nameless.

nmvu& /n\m.vu~/ <n\.m\.vu~> v.intr. tobend down.

nNno /n\n.no/ <n\.nno> masc.
negation.

nmaj /n\.maÔ/ <n\.ma.Ô\> fem. prayer
to god (in Islam).

103

nmayu& /n\.ma.ju~/ <n\.ma.ju~> adj.
orphan.
nmUi2yu& /n\.mu.c˙i.ju~/ <n\.muu.chi.ju~>
adj. having no mustache.
nmUnedar /n\.mu.ne.dar/<n\.mu.ne.da.r\> adj. ideal.
nmUno /n\.mu.no/ <n\.muu.no> masc.
1. a sample 2. a model.
nm/ /n\m.r\/ <n\.mr\> adj. humble.
nyn /n\.j\n/ <n\.j\.n\> fem. am eye.
nr /n\r/ <n\.r\> masc. a male.

nvjot /n\v.Ôot/ <n\.v\.Ôo.t\> fem. thesacred-thread ceremony of the Parsi
comunity.
nvtr /n\v.t\r/ <n\.v\.t\.r\> adj. novel.
nv0a /n\v.d˙a/ <n\.v\.dha> fem. nine
types of Bhakti.
nvra= /n\v.raß/ <n\.v\.ra.ß\> fem.
leisure.
nvru& /n\v.ru~/ <n\.v\.ru~> adj.
unemployed.
nvlk9a /n\.v\l.k\.t˙a/ <n\.v\.l\.k\.tha>fem. novel.

nrk /n\.r\k/ <n\.r\.k\> neut. hell.

nvilka /n\v.li.ka/ <n\.v\.li.ka> fem.
short story.

nrjait /n\r.Ôa.ti/ <n\.r\.Ôa.ti> fem. themale class.

nvv0U /n\v.v\.d˙u/ <n\.v\.v\.dhuu>
fem. a bride.

ntRk /n\r.t\k/ <n\.rt\.k\> masc. a maledancer.

nv=eku& /n\v.ße.ku/ <n\.v\.ße.ku~> adj.
lukwarm.

ntRkI /n\r.t\.ki/ <n\.rt\.kii> fem. afemale dancer.

nvS{au& /n\.v\s.tru~/ <n\.v\.stru~> adj.
undressed.

nXakar /n\.Æa.kar/ <n\.Æa.ka.r\> adj.
cylindrical.

nva; /n\.va.i/ <n\.va.ii> fem. a wonder.

nv /n\v/ <n\.Æa.ka.r\> adj. nine.

nvajvu& /n\.vaÔ.vu~/ <n\.va.Ô\.vu~> v.tr.
to honor.

nvjuvan /n\v.Ôu.van/ <n\.v\.Ôu.va.n\>masc. a blooming youth.

nvajUnI /n\.va.Ôu.ni/ <n\.va.Ôuu.nii>
fem. a new development.

nv@vn /n\v.Ôi.v\n/ <n\.v\.Ôii.v\.n\>neut. new life.

nvIn /n\.vin/ <n\.vii.n\> adj. new.
nvu& /n\.vu~/ <n\.vu~> adj. new.

104
nvesr9I /n\.ve.s\r.t˙i/ <n\.ve.s\.r\.thii>
advb. to start a work again from the
beginning.

naku& /na.ku~/ <na.ku~> neut. 1. the eye ofa needle 2. an entrance or end of a road
3. a hole.

nVva8u& /n\v.va.¯u~/ <n\.vva.¯u~> adj.
ninety nine.

na`vu& /nak˙.vu~/ <na.kh\.vu~> v.tr. tothrow.

n=o /n\.ßo/ <n\.ßo> masc. intoxication.

nag /nag/ <na.g\> masc. a male cobra.

ns /n\s/ <n\.s\> fem. a vein.

nag8 /na.g\¯/ <na.g\.¯\> fem. afemale cobra.

nskoru& /n\s.ko.ru~/ <n\s.ko.ru~> neut. 1.
a nostril 2. the nose.
nsIb /n\.sib/ <n\.sii.b\> neut. 1. fate
2. fortune.

nagr /na.g\r/ <na.g\.r\> masc. acommunity of that name.
nagrvel /na.g\r.vel/ <na.g\.r\.ve.l\>fem. the betel plant.

nih /n\.hi/ <n\.hi> advb. 1. no 2. not.
nihvt\ /n\.hi.v\t/ <n\.hi.v\.t> adj.
slightly.
nher /n\.her/ <n\.he.r\> fem. a canal.
nhor /n\.hor/ <n\.ho.r\> masc. a claw.
niXyu& /n\.Æi.ju~/ <n\.Æi.ju~> neut. a roof
tile.
nXI /n\.Æi/ <n\.Æii> fem. a tube.
n&g /n\˜.g\/ <n\~.g\> neut. a unit of athing.
na /na/ <na> advb. 1. no 2. not.
na;laj /na.i.laÔ/ <na.i.la.Ô\> adj.
incurable.
nak /nak/ <na.k\> neut. the nose.

nagirk /nag.rik/ <na.g\.ri.k\> masc. a
citizen.
nagrI /nag.ri/ <na.g\.rii> adj. 1. related
to the Nagar community, 2. civilized, 3.
urban.
nagu& /na.gu~/ <na.gu~> adj. 1. naked 2.
nude.
nac /nac/ <na.c\> masc. a dance.
nacvu& /nac.vu~/ <na.c\.vu~> v.intr. todance.
na2U4ke /na.c˙uˇ.ke/ <na.chuu.ˇ\.ke>advb. helplessly.
najuk /na.Ôuk/ <na.Ôu.k\> adj. tender.
na4k /na.ˇ\k/ <na.ˇ\.k\> neut. 1. adrama 2. a play.
na4kkar /na.ˇ\k.kar/ <na.ˇ\.k\.ka.r\>masc. 1. a playwright 2. a dramatist.

105
na4kIyu& /na.ˇ\.ki.ju~/ <na.ˇ\.kii.ju~> adj. 1.
dramatic 2. not real.

nadan /na.dan/ <na.da.n\> adj.
childish.

nai4ka /na.ˇi.ka/ <na.ˇi.ka> fem. a shortplay.

nadar /na.dar/ <na.da.r\> adj. bankrupt.

na6a26I /na.Îa.c˙\.Îi/ <na.Îa.ch\.Îii>fem. a many colored cotton string usedin various rituals.
na6I /na.Îi/ <na.Îii> fem. 1. a vain 2. anartery.
na6u& /na.Îu~/ <na.Îu~> neut. a string of a
garment.
na8vu& /na¯.vu~/ <na.¯\.vu~> v.tr. to
examine.
na8akIy /na.¯a.kij/ <na.¯a.kii.j\> adj. 1.
monetary 2. financial.
na8abjar /na.¯a.b\.Ôar/<na.¯a.b\.Ôha.r\> neut. moneymarket.
na8a-I6 /na.¯a.b˙iÎ/ <na.¯a.bhii.Î\>
fem. financial stringency.
na8u& /na.¯u~/ <na.¯u~> neut. money.
nat /nat/ <na.t\> fem. a caste.
natvro /nat.v\.ro/ <na.t\.v\.ro> masc.
a caste-dinner.

nan`4a; /nan.k˙\.ˇa.i/ <na.n\.kh\.ˇa.ii>
fem. a kind of sweet.
nanp /na.n\p/ <na.n\.p\> fem.
inferiority complex.
nanm /na.n\m/ <na.n\.m\> fem.
inferiority complex.
nanp8 /nan.p\¯/ <na.n\.p\.¯\> neut.
childhood.
nanu& /na.nu~/ <na.nu~> adj. small.
napas /na.pas/ <na.pa.s\> adj. failed.
nai- /na.b˙i/ <na.bhi> fem. the navel.
nam /nam/ <na.m\> neut. a name.
namcIn /nam.cin/ <na.m\.cii.n\> adj.
infamous.
nam5am /nam.ˇ˙am/ <na.m\.ˇha.m\>neut. a person’s name and address.
namdar /nam.dar/ <na.m\.da.r\> adj.
honorable.
namna /nam.na/ <na.m\.na> fem. fame.

natal /na.tal/ <na.ta.l\> fem. theChristmas.

namu& /na.mu~/ <na.mu~> neut. a credit
and debit account.

nato /na.to/ <na.to> masc. relation.

nayk /na.j\k/ <na.j\.k\> masc. a hero ofa novel, a play etc.

na9 /nat˙/ <na.th\> masc. 1. a master 2.
the husband.

106
naiyka /na.ji.ka/ <na.ji.ka> fem. aheroine of a novel, a play etc.

nahvu& /nah.vu~/ <na.h\.vu~> v.intr. tobathe.

nar&gI /na.r\˜.gi/ <na.r\~.gii> fem. anorange.

naX /naÆ/ <na.Æ\> fem. a horse shoe.
naXcu& /naÆ.cu~/ <na.Æ\.cu~> neut. a funnel.

naraj /na.raÔ/ <na.ra.Ô\> adj.
displeased.

naXu& /na.Æu~/ <na.Æu~> neut. a rivulet.

nairyeX /na.ri.jeÆ/ <na.ri.je.Æ\> neut. 1. acoconut 2. a coconut tree.

inkal /ni.kal/ <ni.ka.l\> masc. 1.
disposal 2. judgment.

narI /na.ri/ <na.rii> fem. a woman.

inkas /ni.kas/ <ni.ka.s\> fem. export.

nalayk /na.la.j\k/ <na.la.j\.k\> adj.
unworthy.

inkah /ni.kah/ <ni.ka.h\> masc. Muslim
marriage.

nav /nav/ <na.v\> fem. a small boat.

in`als /ni.k˙a.l\s/ <ni.kha.l\.s\> adj.
open-hearted.

naivk /na.vik/ <na.vi.k\> masc. 1. asailor 2. a boatman.
na= /naß/ <na.ß\> masc. destruction.
nas /nas/ <na.s\> masc. inhalation ofvapor for curing a disease.
naspit /nas.p\.ti/ <na.s\.p\.ti> neut. apear fruit or tree.
nas-ag /nas.b˙ag/ <na.s\.bha.g\> fem.
a retreat.

ingU7 /ni.guÎ˙/ <ni.guu.Îh\> adj.
mysterious.
incovvu& /ni.cov.cu~/ <ni.cho.v\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to squeeze 2. to extract.
injan&d /ni.Ôa.n\nd/ <ni.Ôa.n\~.d\> masc.
the joy caused by self-realization.
intarvu& /ni.tar.vu~/ <ni.ta.r\.vu~> v.tr. tofilter.
inTy /ni.tj\/ <ni.tj\> adj. eternal.

nasvu& /nas.vu~/ <na.s\.vu~> v.intr. to run
away.
naSto /nas.to/ <na.sto> masc. a
breakfast.
nahk /na.h\k/ <na.h\.k\> advb.
unnecessarily.

inTykmR /nit.j\.k\r.ma/ <ni.tj\.k\.rm\>
neut. daily worship.
indan /ni.dan/ <ni.da.n\> neut.
diagnosis.
in0n /ni.d˙\n/ <ni.dh\.n\> neut. death.
inpu8 /ni.pu¯/ <ni.pu.¯\> adj. expert.

107

inb&0 /ni.b\nd˙/ <ni.b\~.dh\> masc. an
essay.

inr&tr /ni.r\n.t\r/ <ni.r\~.t\.r\> adj.
1incessant.

in-avvu& /ni.b˙av.vu~/ <ni.bha.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to maintain.

inrakrr8 /ni.ra.k\.r\¯/ <ni,ra.k\.r\.¯\>
neut. 1. settlement 2. disposal.

inm8U&k /nim.¯u~k/ <ni.m\.¯u~.k\> fem.
an appointment.

inrakar /ni.ra.kar/ <ni.ra.ka.r\> adj.
shapeless.

inm&{a8 /ni.m\n.tr\¯/ <ni.m\~.tr\.¯\>
neut. an invitation.

inra0ar /ni.ra.d˙ar/ <ni.ra.dha.r\> adj.
1. orphan 2. support less.

inm&{avu& /ni.m\n.tr\.vu~/ <ni.m\~.tr\.vu~>
v.tr. to invite.

inra= /ni.raß/ <ni.ra.sh\> adj.
disappointed.

inma6o /ni.ma.Îo/ <ni.ma.Îo> masc. a
potter’s kiln.

inraXu& /ni.ra.Æu~/ <ni.ra.Æu~> adj. 1.
peculiar 2. distinct 3. different.

inym /ni.j\m/ <ni.j\.m\> masc. a rule.

inra&t /ni.ra~t/ <ni.ra~.t\> fem. 1. peace 2.
repose.

inymn /ni.j\.m\n/ <ni.j\.m\.n\> neut.
controlling.
inyimt /ni.j\.mit/ <ni.j\.mi.t\> adj.
regular.
inyamk /ni.ja.m\k/ <ni.ja.m\.k\> masc.
1. director 2. controller.
inyuikt /ni.juk.ti/ <ni.ju.kti> fem.
appointment.
inrxr /ni.r\.kß\r/ <ni.r\.kß\.r\> adj.
illiterate.
inrpex /nir.pek.ß\/ <ni.r\.pe.kß\> adj.
independent.
inr9Rk /ni.r\r.t˙\k/ <ni.rth\.k\> adj.
useless.
inr&ku= /ni.r\˜.kuß/ <ni.r\~.ku.ß\> adj.
uncontrolled.

inrIxk /ni.ri.kß\k/ <ni.ri.kß\.k\> masc.
1. an observer 2. an inspector.
inru]ar /ni.ru.tt\r/ <ni.ru.tt\.r\> neut. 1.
un-answering 2. silent, 3. speechless in
response.
inrupyogI /ni.rup.jo.gi/ <ni.ru.p\.jo.gii>
adj. useless.
in£p8 /ni.ru.p\¯/ <ni.ruu.p\.¯\> neut.
narration.
in£pvu& /ni.rup.vu~/ <ni.ruu.p\.vu~> v.tr.
to narrate.
injRn /nir.Ô\n/ <ni.rÔ\.n\> adj.
uninhabited.
injRX /nir.Ô\Æ/ <ni.rÔ\.Æ\> adj. 1. dry 2.
waterless.

108

in@Rv /nir.Ôiv/ <ni.rÔii.v\> adj. lifeless.

invaR8 /nir.va¯/ <nir.va.¯\> neut.
salvation.

in8Ry /nir.¯\j/ <ni.r¯\.j\> masc.
decision.

invaRist /nir.va.sit/ <ni.rva.si.t\> adj.
refugee.

in8aRyk /nir.¯a.j\k/ <ni.r¯a.j\.k\> adj.
decisive.

invaRh /nir.vah/ <nir.va.h\> masc.
maintenance.

indRy /nir.d\j/ <ni.rd\.j\> adj. cruel.

inivR#n /nir.vign/ <ni.rvi.ghn\> adj. freefrom obstacles.

indeR= /nir.deß/ <ni.rde.ß\> masc. an
indication.
indoRq /nir.doß/ <ni.rdo.s°\> adj.
innocent.
in0Rn /nir.d˙\n/ <ni.rdh\.n\> adj.
moneyless.
in0aRr /nir.d˙ar/ <ni.rdha.r\> masc.
determination.
inbRX /nir.b\/ <ni.rb\.Æ\> adj.
powerless.
in-Ry /nir.b˙\j/ <ni.rbh\.j\> adj.
fearless.
in-eRX /nir.b˙e/ <ni.rbhe.Æ\> adj.
unadulterated.
inmRX /nir.m\Æ/ <ni.rm\.Æ\> adj. without
dirt.
inmaR8 /nir.ma¯/ <ni.rma.¯\> neut. acreation.
inmaRLy /nir.ma.lj\/ <ni.rma.lj\> adj.
powerless.
inmURX /nir.muÆ/ <ni.rmuu.Æ\> adj.
rootless.

invarvu& /ni.var.vu~/ <ni.va.r\.vu~> v.tr. toprevent.
invas /ni.vas/ <ni.va.si> masc.
residence.
invasI /ni.va.si/ <ni.va.sii> masc. a
resident.
inv<]a /ni.vru.tt\/ <ni.vr≤u.tt\> adj.
retired.
inv<i]a /ni.vrut.ti/ <ni.vr≤u.tti> fem.
retirement.
inve6o /ni.ve.Îo/ <ni.ve.Îo> masc.
.settlement 2. verdict.
invedn /ni.ve.d\n/ <ni.ve.d\.n\> neut. astatement.
in=an /ni.ßan/ <ni.ßa.n\> neut. 1. target
2. a mark.
in=anI /ni.ßa.ni/ <ni.ßa.nii> fem. a mark.
in=aX /ni.ßaÆ/ <ni.ßa.Æ\> fem. a school.
in=aiXyo /ni.ßa.Æi.jo/ <ni.ßa.Æi.jo> masc.
1. a school boy 2. a student.

109
in¾y /niß.c\.j\/ <ni.ßc\.j\> masc. adetermination.

inStej /nis.teÔ/ <ni.ste.Ô\> adj. 1. dim 2.
dull.

ini¾t /niß.cit/ <ni.ßci.t\> adj. decided.

inSbt /nis.b\t/ <ni.sb\.t\> fem. 1.
relation 2. concern.

in¼as /niß.vas/ <ni.ßva.s\> masc. asigh.
inqe0 /ni.ßed˙/ <ni.s°e.dh\> masc.
prohibition.
inQkl&k /niß.ka.la˜k/ <ni.s°k\.l\~.k\> adj.
1. free from blamsih.
inQk/Iy /niß.kri.j\/ <ni.s°krii.j\> adj.
inactive.
inQ5a /niß.ˇ˙a/ <ni.s°ˇha> fem.
faithfulness.
inQ5ur /niß.ˇur/ <ni.s°ˇhu.r\> adj. 1. cruel
2. merciless.
inQ8at /niß.¯at/ <ni.s°¯a.t\> adj. anexpert.
inQpx /niß.p\k.ß\/ <ni.s°p\.kß\> adj.
impartial.
inQpap /niß.pap/ <ni.s°pa.p\> adj.
sinless.
inQp/a8 /niß.pra¯/ <ni.s°pra.¯\> adj. 1.
weak 2. spiritless.

inhairka /ni.ha.ri.ka/ <ni.ha.ri.ka> fem.
a nebula.
inhaXvu& /ni.haÆ.vu~/ <ni.ha.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to
see with full attention.
in&dvu& /nind.vu~/ <ni~.d\.vu~> v.tr. . tobackbite.
in&da /nin.da/ <ni~.da> fem. backbiting.
inŠ=Bd /ni.ß\b.d\/ <ni:.ß\.bd\> adj.
silent.
inŠ=S{a /ni.ß\s.tr\/ <ni:.ß\.str\> adj.
unarmed.
inŠ=uLk /ni.ßul.k\/ <ni:.ßu.lk\> adj. freeof charge.
inŠs&tan /ni.s\n.tan/ <ni:.s\~.ta.n\> adj.
childless.
inŠs&deh /ni.s\n.deh/ <ni:.s\~.de.h\> adj.
without any doubt.
inŠSva9R /ni.svar.th\/ <ni:.sva.rth\> adj.
unselfish.
nIk /nik/ <nii.k\> fem. a drain.

inQfX /niß.p˙\l/ <ni.s°ph\.Æ\> adj.
unsuccessful.
insr8I /ni.s\r.¯i/ <ni.s\.r\.¯ii> fem. aladder.
insaso /ni.sa.so/ <ni.sa.so> masc. asigh.

nIkXvu& /ni.k\Æ.vu~/ <nii.k\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to come out 2. to go out 3. to appear.
nIc /nic/ <nii.c\> adj. 1. wicked 2.
mean.

110
nIcajo8u& /ni.ca.Ôo.¯u~/ <nii.ca.Ôo.¯u~>neut. shameful condition.

nIl /nil/ <nii.l\> adj. dark-blue.

nIca8 /ni.ca¯/ <nii.ca.¯\> neut.
descent.

nIv6vu& /ni.v\Î.vu~/ <nii.v\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.
to be accomplished.

nIcu& /ni.cu~/ <nii.cu~> adj. 1. low 2. vile.

nI&d8 /nin.d\¯/ <nii~.d\.¯\> neut. theact of removing weeds.

nI6r /ni.Î\r/ <nii.Î\.r\> adj. fearless.
nItrvu& /ni.t\r.vu~/ <nii.t\.r\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to ooze 2. to be filtered.

nI&dvu& /nind.vu~/ <nii~.d\.vu~> v.tr. to
weed.

nItyuR& /nit.rju~/ <nii.t\.rju~> adj. filtered.

nuksan /nuk.san/ <nu.k\.sa.n\> neut.
damage.

nIit /ni.ti/ <nii.ti> fem. morality.

nUtn /nu.t\n/ <nuu.t\.n\> adj. new.

nIit=aS{a /ni.ti.ßas.tr\/ <nii.ti.ßa.str\>neut. ethics.

nUr /nur/ <nuu.r\> neut. fright.
n<Ty /nrut.j\/ <nr≤u.tj\> neut. a dance.

nIpj /ni.p\Ô/ <nii.p\.Ô\> fem. product.
nek /nek/ <ne.k\> adj. honest.
nIpjvu& /ni.p\Ô.vu~/ <nii.p\.Ô\.vu~> v.intr.
to be produced.

neta /ne.ta/ <ne.ta> masc. a leader.

nIm /nim/ <nii.m\> masc. a religious
vow.

netagIrI /ne.ta.gi.ri/ <ne.ta.gii.rii> fem.
leadership.

nImvu& /nim.vu~/ <nii.m\.vu~> v.tr. to
appoint.

nevu& /ne.vu~/ <ne.vu~> adj. ninety.

nIr`vu& /ni.r\k˙.vu~/ <nii.r\.kh\.vu~> v.tr.
to observe.
nIr8 /ni.r\¯/ <nii.r\.¯\> neut. fodder.
nIrv /ni.r\v/ <nii.r\.v\> adj. noiseless.
nIrvu& /nir.vu~/ <nii.r\.vu~> v.tr. to feed
cattle fodder.
nIrogI /ni.ro.gi/ <nii.ro.gii> adj.
healthy.

neVya=I /nev.ja.ßi/ <ne.vja.ßii> adj.
eighty nine.
nEitk /n\i.tik/ <n\i.ti.k\> adj. 1. ethical
2. moral.
nE¢Ty /n\i.rut.j\/ <n\i.ru≤.tj\> adj.
south-west (direction).
nEved /n\i.ved/ <n\i.ve.d\> masc. thefood offered to a god or deity.

111
nEsigRk /n\i.s\r.gik/ <n\i.s\r.gi.k\> adj.
natural.
nokr /no.k\r/ <no.k\.r\> masc. a maleservant.

Nyay /njaj/ <nja.j\> masc. justice.
Nyaya0I= /nja.ja.d˙iß/ <nja.ja.dhii.ß\>masc. a judge.
NyayI /njaji/ <nja.jii> adj. righteous.

nokr=ahI /no.k\r.ßa.hi/ <no.k\.r\.ßa.hii>
fem. a bureaucracy.
nokiryat /no.k\.ri.jat/ <no.k\.ri.ja.t\>adj.
salaried (person).
notrvu& /no.t\r.vu~/ <no.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. togive a formal invitation on an auspicious
occasion.
notru& /not.ru~/ <no.t\.ru~> neut. a formal
invitation.
no0aru& /no.d˙a.ru~/ <no.dha.ru~> adj.
support less.
nobt /nob\t/ <no.b\.t\> fem. a big
drum used normally in temples.
nom /nom/ <no.m\> fem. ninth day ofthe bright or dark half of a Hindu month.
noiXyo /no.Æi.jo/ <no.Æi.jo> masc. amongoose.
no&0 /nø~d˙/ <no~.dh\> fem. a noting
down.
nOka /n\u.ka/ <n\u.ka> fem. a boat.
nOkadX /n\u.ka.d\Æ/ <n\u.ka.d\.Æ\>
neut. navy.
Nyat /njat/ <nja.t\> fem. a caste.
NyatIlu& /nja.ti.lu~/ <nja.tii.lu~> adj. aperson from the same caste.

p
pk6 /p\.k\Î/ <p\.k\.Î\> fem. an act ofholding or gripping.
pk6vu& /p\.k\Î.vu~/ <p\.k\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to hold 2. to catch 3. to grasp.
pkvvu& /p\.k\v.vu~/ <p\.k\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to ripen 2. to cook 3. to produce
pkvan /p\k.van/ <p\.k\.va.n\> neut.
sweets.
px /p\k.ß\/ <p\.kß\> masc. 1. side 2. aparty (political).
pxa3at /p\k.ßa.g˙at/ <p\.kßa.gha.t\>masc. paralysis.
pxpat /p\k.ß\.pat/ <p\.kß\.pa.t\>masc. partiality.
pxapxI /p\k.ßa.p\k.ßi/ <p\.kßa.p\.kßii>
fem. discord.
pxI /p\k.ßi/ <p\.kßii> neut. a bird.
p`vaj /p\k˙.vaÔ/ <p\.kh\.va.Ô\> fem. akind of drum.
p`vai6yu& /p\k˙.va.Îi.ju~/<p\.kh\.va.Îi.ju~> neut. a fortnight.
p`vai6k /p\k˙.va.Îik/ <p\.kh\.va.Îi.k\>
adj. fortnightly.

112

p`aXvu& /p\.k˙aÆ.vu~/ <p\.kha.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.
to wash (formal).

pCcIs /p\c.cis/ <p\.ccii.s\> adj. 25(twenty five).

pg /p\g/ <p\.g\> masc. 1. a leg 2. afoot.

p26a4 /p\ch.Îaˇ/ <p\.ch\.Îa.ˇ\> fem.
an act of being knocked.

pgi9yu& /p\.g\.t˙i.ju~/ <p\.g\.thi.ju~> neut.
a footstep.

p2a6vu& /p\.c˙aÎ.vu~/ <p\.cha.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to throw 2. to defeat .

pgpaXu& /p\g.pa.Æu~/ <p\.g\.pa.Æu~> adj.
pedestrian.

p2at /p\.c˙at/ <p\.cha.t\> adj.
backward.

pgpesaro /p\g.pe.sa.ro/ <p\.g\.pe.sa.ro>masc. intrusion.

p2I /p\.c˙i/ <p\.chii> postp.
afterwards.

pg-r /p\g.b˙\r/ <p\.g\.bh\.r\> adj.
self-reliant.

p2It /p\.c˙it/ <p\.chii.t\> fem. a rearwall of a building.

pgr`u& /p\.g\r.k˙u~/ <p\.g\.r\.khu~> neut.
a shoe.

p2e6I /p\.c˙e.Îi/ <p\.che.Îii> fem. akind of shawl.

pgrv /p\g.r\v/ <p\.g\.r\.v\> masc.
the sound of foot-steps.

pjv8I /p\.Ô\v.¯i/ <p\.Ô\.v\.¯ii> fem.
harassment.

pglu& /p\g.lu~/ <p\.g\.lu~> neut. afootprint.

pjvvu& /p\.Ô\v.vu~/ <p\.Ô\.v\.vu~> v.tr. toharass.

pgar /p\.gar/ <p\.ga.r\> masc. 1. pay
2. salary.

p4ko /p\ˇ.ko/ <p\.ˇ\.ko> masc. a small
piece of cloth used to wra round thewaist orthe head.

pgI /p\.gi/ <p\.gi> masc. 1. a foot-print
reader 2. a village watchman.
pgeru& /p\.ge.ru~/ <p\.ge.ru~> neut. a
foortprint.
pcr&gI /p\c.r\˜.gi/ <p\.c\.r\~.gii> adj.
colorful.
pcvu& /p\c.vu~/ <p\.c\.vu~> v.intr. to bedigested.
pcas /p\.cas/ <p\.ca.s\> adj. fifty.

p4p4 /p\ˇ.p\ˇ/ <p\.ˇ\.p\.ˇ\> advb.
quickly.
p4p4avvu& /p\ˇ.p\.ˇav.vu~/<p\.ˇ\.p\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. to wag.
p4la; /p\ˇ.lai/ <p\.ˇ\.la.ii> fem. avillage headman’s duty.

113
p4la8I /p\ˇ.la.¯i/ <p\.ˇ\.la.¯ii> fem. 1.
the wife of the village headman 2. thewife of a Patel.
p4abaj /p\.ˇa.baÔ/ <p\.ˇa.ba.Ô\> adj.
skilled in swordsmanship.
p4aba@ /p\.ˇa.ba.Ôi/ <p\.ˇa.ba.Ôii> fem.
skill in swordmanship.
p4am8I /p\.ˇam.¯i/ <p\.ˇa.m\.¯ii> fem.
deceit by flattering.

p6tI /p\Î.ti/ <p\.Î\.tii> fem. a fall.
p6tu& /p\Î.tu~/ <p\.Î\.tu~> adj. 1.
decaying 2. falling.
p6do /p\Î.do/ <p\.Î\.do> masc. a
curtain.
p6pU2 /p\Î.puc˙/ <p\.Î\.puu.ch\> fem.
inquiry.
p6vu& /p\Î.vu~/ <p\.Î\.vu~> v.intr. to fall.

p4avvu& /p\.ˇav.vu~/ <p\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. tocheat by flattery.
p4avaXo /p\.ˇa.va.Æo/ <p\.ˇa.va.Æo> masc.
a peon.
p4\4I /p\ˇ.ˇi/ <p\.ˇˇii> fem. a strip.
p4el /p\.ˇel/ <p\.ˇe.l\> masc. 1. theheadman of a caste 2. the headman of avillage 3. a surname so named 4. thename of a community.
p4\4o /p\ˇ.ˇo/ <p\.ˇˇo> masc. a belt.

p6vo /p\Î.vo/ <p\.Î\.vo> masc. thefirst day of the first or second fortnightof a Hindu month.
p6av /p\.Îav/ <p\.Îa.v\> masc. acamp.
pi6yo /p\.Îi.jo/ <p\.Îi.jo> masc. a bowl
made of leaves.
p6I /p\.Îi/ <p\.Îii> fem. a small
packet.

p6 /p\Î/ <p\.Î\> neut. a layer.

p6IkI /p\.Îi.ki/ <p\.Îii.kii> fem. a verysmall packet.

p6kar /p\Î.kar/ <p\.Î\.ka.r\> masc. achallenge.

p6Iku& /p\.Îi.ku~/ <p\.Îii.ku~> neut. asmall packet.

p6`u& /p\Î.k˙u~/ <p\.Î\.khu~> neut. aside.

p8 /p\¯/ <p\.¯\> conj. 1. but 2. stll 3.
yet.

p62ayo /p\Î.c˙a.jo/ <p\Î.cha.jo> masc.
a shadow.

p82 /p\.¯\c˙/ <p\.¯\.ch\> fem. thestring of a bow.

p6tr /p\Î.t\r/ <p\.Î\.t\.r\> adj. abase price.

pt /p\t/ <p\.ˇ\> neut. laprosy.

p6tr /p\Î.t\r/ <p\.Î\.t\.r\> adj.
uncultivated (land).

ptn /p\.t\n/ <p\.ˇ\.n\> neut. 1. a fall
2. a defeat.

114
ptrI /p\t.ri/ <p\.t\.rii> fem. a small
thin metal piece.

p{akar /p\.tr\.kar/ <p\.tr\.ka.r\> masc.
a journalist.

ptru& /p\t.ru~/ <p\.t\.ru~> neut. a sheet ofmetal.

p{akar]v /p\tr.ka.r\t.r\/<p\.tr\.ka.r\.tv\> neut. journalism.

ptvu& /p\t.vu~/ <p\.t\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to besettled (account), 2. to end 3. to beconcluded.

p{aVyvhar /p\.tr\.vj\v.har/<p\.tr\.vj\.v\.ha.r\> masc.
correspondance.

pt&g /p\.t\˜.g\/ <p\.t\~.g\> masc. akite.

pi{aka /p\.tri.ka/ <p\.tri.ka> fem. apamphlet.

pt&igyu& /p\.t\˜.gi.ju~/ <p\.t\~.gi.ju~> neut.
a butterfly.

p9raX /p\t˙.raÆ/ <p\.th\.ra.Æ\> adj.
stony.

ptak6u& /p\.tak.Îu~/ <p\.ta.k\.Îu~> neut.
a small piece of paper.

p9rI /p\t˙.ri/ <p\.th\.rii> fem. a smallstone.

ptav4 /p\.ta.v\ˇ/ <p\.ta.v\.ˇ\> fem. asettlement.

p9ro /p\t˙.ro/ <p\.th\.ro> masc. astone.

ptavvu& /p\.tav.vu~/ <p\.ta.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.
to settle 2. finalise.

p9arI /p\.t˙a.ri/ <p\.tha.rii> fem. a bed.

ptasu& /p\.ta.su~/ <p\.ta.su~> neut. a kindof cookie.
pit /p\.ti/ <p\.ti> masc. the husband.
pityu& /p\.ti.ju~/ <p\.ti.ju~> adj. sufferingfrom leprosy.
p]au /p\t.tu~/ <p\.ttu~> neut. 1. a leaf 2. aplaying card.
p]ao /p\t.to/ <p\.tto> masc. 1.
whereabouts 2. address.
pTnI /p\t.ni/ <p\.tnii> fem. the wife.
p{a /p\t.r\/ <p\.tr\> masc. a letter.

p(9r /p\t˙.t˙\r/ <p\.thth\.r\> masc. astone.
pd /p\d/ <p\.d\> masc. a rank.
pd /p\d/ <p\.d\> neut. a sentential
phrase.
pdvI /p\d.vi/ <p\.d\.vii> fem. 1. a title
2. a rank.
pda9R /p\.dar.t˙\/ <p\.da.rth\> masc. 1.
a substance 2. an object.
pda9R /p\.dar.t˙\/ <p\.da.rth\> masc. ameaning of phrase.
pdavil /p\.dav.li/ <p\.da.v\.li> fem.
diction.

115
pdavvu& /p\.dav.vu~/ <p\.da.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to cause work hard.

prgju /p\r.g\.Ôu~/ <p\.r\.g\.Ôu> adj.
benevolent.

p(9it /p\.d˙d˙\.ti/ <p\.dhdh\.ti> fem.
a method.

prgam /p\r.gam/ <p\.r\.ga.m\> neut.
another’s village.

pd\y /p\.dj\/ <p\.dj\> neut. verse.

prcUr8 /p\r.cu.r\¯/ <p\.r\.cu.r\.¯\>
neut. 1. change (coins), 2. miscellaneous.

p0ram8I /p\d˙.ram.¯i/<p\.dh\.ra.m\.¯ii> fem. a formal
visit.

prco /p\r.co/ <p\.r\.co> masc. a
miracle.

p0ravvu& /p\d˙.rav.vu~/ <p\.dh\.ra.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to offer respectfully.

pr@vI /p\r.Ôi.vi/ <p\.r\.Ôii.vii> adj.
parasite.

p0arvu& /p\.0˙ar.vu~/ <p\.dha.r\.vu~>
v.intr. to come or go respectfully.

pr8vu& /p\.r\¯.vu~/ <p\.r\.¯\.v~> v.tr. tomarry.

pno /p\.no/ <p\.no> masc. breadth ofcloth.

prt /p\.r\t/ <p\.r\.t\> advb. in return.

pnotI /p\.no.ti/ <p\.no.tii> fem.
misfortune.
pnotu& /p\.no.tu~/ <p\.no.tu~> adj.
auspicious.
ppEyu& /p\.p\i.ju~/ <p\.p\i.ju~> neut.
papaya.
pr /p\r/ <p\.r\> postp. 1. on 2. over 3.
above.
prkIy /p\r.kij/ <p\.r\.kii.j\> adj. 1.
belonging to others 2. belongingto
foreign.
pr` /p\.r\k˙/ <p\.r\.kh\> fem. 1. a test
2. an examination.
pr`avvu& /p\r.k˙av.vu~/ <p\.r\.kha.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to tell unscrupulously.

prt&{a /p\r.t\n.tr\/ <p\.r\.t\~.tr\> adj.
dependence.
prdado /p\r.da.do/ <p\.r\.da.do> masc.
a great grand-father.
prduŠ` /p\r.duk˙/ <p\.r\.duŠ.kh\> neut.
other’s misery.
prde= /pre.deß/ <p\.r\.de.ß\> masc. aforeign country.
prdo /p\r.do/ <p\.r\.do> masc. a
curtain.
pr0n /p\r.d˙\n/ <p\.r\.dh\.n\> neut.
other’s money or wealth.
pr0mR /p\r.d˙\r.ma/ <p\.r\.dh\.rm\>
masc. other’s religion.
prnatIlu& /p\r.na.ti.lu~/ <p\.r\.na,tii.lu~>
adj. belonging to others’ caste.

116
prpuruq /p\r.pu.ruß/ <p\.r\.pu.ru.s°\>masc. a man other than one’s husband.

prv= /p\r.v\ß/ <p\.r\.v\.ß\> adj.
dependent.

prpo4I /p\r.po.ˇi/ <p\.r\.po.ˇii> fem. asmall bubble.

prvX /p\r.v\/ <p\.r\.v\.Æ\> neut. akind of vegetable.
prva /p\r.va/ <p\.r\.va> fem. care.

prpo4o /p\r.po.ˇo/ <p\.r\.po.ˇo> masc.
a big bubble.
prb /p\.r\b/ <p\.r\.b\> fem. a public
water house.
prbI6Iyu& /p\r.bi.Îi.ju~/ <p\.r\.bii.Îii.ju~>
neut. an envelope.
pr-v /p\r.b˙\v/ <p\.r\.bh\.v\> masc.
a previous or the next birth.
prm /p\.r\m/ <p\.r\.m\> adj. highest.
prma8u /p\r.ma.¯u/ <p\.r\.ma.¯u~>neut. an atom.
prmaTma /p\r.mat.ma/ <p\.r\.ma.tma>
masc. 1. the supreme being 2. god.
prman&d /p\r.ma.nand/<p\.r\.ma.n\~.d\> masc. supreme
bliss.

prvangI /p\r.van.gi/ <p\.r\.va.n\.gii>
fem. permission.
prvano /p\r.va.no/ <p\.r\.va.no> masc.
a licence.
prsevo /p\r.se.vo/ <p\.r\.se.vo> masc.
perspiration.
prS{aI /p\r.stri/ <p\.r\.strii> fem. otherthan one’s wife.
prSpr /p\.r\s.p\r/ <p\.r\.sp\.r\> advb.
1. mutually 2. reciprocally.
pr&t u/p\.r\n.tu/ <p\.r\~.tu> advb. but.
pr&pra /p\.r\m.p\.ra/ <p\.r\~.p\.ra> fem.
a tradition.
pr&pragt /p\.r\m.p\.ra.g\t/<p\.r\~.p\.ra.g\.t\> adj. traditional.

prma9R /p\r.mar.t˙\/ <p\.r\.ma.rth\>
masc. 1. the highest aim 2. benevolence.

prakaQ5a /p\.ra.kaß.t˙a/ <p\.r\.ka.s°ˇa>fem. 1. climax 2. extremity.

prme¼r /p\r.meß.v\r/ <p\.r\.me.ßv\.r\>masc. god.

prak/m /p\.ra.kr\m/ <p\.ra.kr\.m\>neut. 1. an adventure 2. heroism.

prlok /p\r.lok/ <p\.r\.lo.k\> masc. theother world where the soul is believed obe going after death.

prak/mI /p\.ra.kr\.mi/ <p\.ra.kr\.mii>
adj. enterprising.

prv6vu& /p\r.v\Î.vu~/ <p\.r\.v\.Î\.vu~>
exp. to afford.

prajy /p\.ra.Ô\j/ <p\.ra.Ô\.j\> masc. a
defeat.

117
pra8e /p\.ra.¯e/ <p\.ra.¯e> advb. 1.
unwillingly 2. forcibly.

pirml /p\.ri.m\l/ <p\.ri.m\.l\> fem.
fragrance.

pra0In /p\.ra.d˙in/ <p\.ra.dhii.n\> adj.
dependent.

pirvtRn /p\.ri.v\r.t\n/ <p\.ri.v\.rt\.n\>neut. a change.
pirvar /p\.ri.var/ <p\.ri.va.r\> neut. afamily.

pram=R /p\.ra.m\r.ß\/ <p\.ra.m\.rß\>masc. contact.
prayu& /p\.ra.ju~/ <p\.ra.ju~> adj. other’spiri=Q4 /p\.ri.ßiß.ˇ˙\/ <p\.ri.ßi.s°ˇ\> adj.
an appendix.

pir3 /p\.rig˙/ <p\.ri.dh\> masc.
circumference.

pir=Iln /p\.ri.ßi.l\n/ <p\.ri.ßii.l\.n\>neut. deep study.

pircy /p\.ri.c\j/ <p\.ri.c\.j\> masc.
familiarity.

pir[am /p\.ri.ßr\m/ <p\.ri.ßr\.m\> masc.
hard work.

pircairka /p\.ri.ca.ri.ka/ <p\.ri.ca.ri.ka>
fem. a maid-servant.

pirqd /p\.ri.ß\d/ <p\.ri.s°\.d\> fem. an
assembly.

pirict /p\.ri.cit/ <p\.ri.ci.t\> adj.
knowing.

piriS9it /p\.riß.t˙i.ti/ <p\.ri.sthi.ti> fem.
circumstances.

pirC2ed /p\.ric.c˙ed/ <p\.ri.cche.d\>masc. a paragraph.

prI /p\.ri/ <p\.rii> fem. a fairy.

pir8am /p\.ri.¯am/ <p\.ri.¯a.m\> neut.
1. result 2. outcome.
pir8It /p\.ri.¯it/ <p\.ri.¯ii.t\> adj.
married.
pir0an /p\.ri.d˙an/ <p\.ri.dha.n\> neut.
clothing.

prIxk /p\.rik.ß\k/ <p\.rii.kß\.k\> masc.
an examinar.
prIx8 /p\.rik.ß\¯/ <p\.rii.kß\.¯\> neut.
a testing.
prIxa /p\.rik.ßa/ <p\.ri.kßa> fem.
examination.
pru /p\.ru/ <p\.ru> neut. pus.

pirpkv /p\.ri.p\k.v\/ <p\.ri.p\.kva>
adj. mature.
pirbX /p\.ri.b\/ <p\.ri.b\.Æ\> neut. 1.
force 2. a factor.
pir-aqa /p\.ri.b˙a.ßa/ <p\.ri.bha.s°a>
fem. terminology.

pru& /p\.ru~/ <p\.ru~> neut. a suburban
area.
pre=an /p\.re.ßan/ <p\.re.ßa.n\> adj.
perplexed.

118
prox /p\.rok.ß\/ <p\.ro.kß\> adj.
indirect.

pl&g /p\.l\˜g/ <p\.l\~.g\> masc. a big
cot.

pro7 /p\.roÎ˙/ <p\.ro.Îh\> neut.
daybreak.

pla&5I /p\.la~.ˇ˙i/ <p\.la~.ˇhii> fem. a
posture of sitting with crossed-legs.

pro8o /p\.ro.¯o/ <p\.ro.¯o> masc. aguest.

plIt /p\.lit/ <p\.lii.t\> neut. an evil
spirit.

propkar /p\.rop.kar/ <p\.ro.p\.ka.r\>masc. benevolence.

plo4vu& /p\.loˇ.vu~/ <p\.lo.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. totrain animals.
pvn /p\.v\n/ <p\.v\.n\> masc. wind.

propkarI /p\.rop.ka.ri/ <p\.ro.p\.ka.rii>
adj. benevolent.

piv{a /p\.vit.r\/ <p\.vi.tr\> adj. sacred.

provvu& /p\.rov.vu~/ <p].ro.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.
to thread a needle 2. to string beads.

p=u /p\.ßu/ <p\.ßu> neut. a quadrupedanimal.

pyaRPt /p\.ri.jap.t\/ <p\.rja.pt\> adj.
sufficient.

p¾atap /p\ß.ca.tap/ <p\.ßca.ta.p\>masc. repentance.

pyuRq8 /p\r.ju.ß\¯/ <p\.rju.s°\.¯\> neut.
a festival of the Jains.

pi¾m /p\ß.cim/ <p\.ßci.m\> adj.
western.

plk /p\.l\k/ <p\.l\.k\> fem. a moment.

pi¾m /p\ß.cim/ <p\.ßci.m\> fem. thewest (direction).

plk /p\.l\k/ <p\.l\.k\> fem. atwinkling of the eye.

ps&d /p\.s\nd/ <p\.s\~.d\> fem. choice.

plkaro /p\l.ka.ro/ <p\.l\.ka.ro> masc. atwinkling.

pStavu& /p\s.ta.vu~/ <p\.sta.vu~> v.intr. torepent.

pl48 /p\l.ˇ\¯/ <p\.l\.ˇ\.¯\> fem. abattalion.

pStI /p\s.ti/ <p\.stii> fem. paper scrap.

pl4vu& /p\.l\ˇ.vu~/ <p\.l\.ˇ\.vu~> v.tarns.
to change.
pl4o /p\l.ˇo/ <p\.l\.ˇo> masc. a bigchange.
plXvu& /p\.l\Æ.vu~/ <p\.l\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.
to be drenched.

pha6 /p\.haÎ/ <p\.ha.Î\> masc. amountain.
pha8o /p\.ha.¯o/ <p\.ha.¯o> masc. astone.
pher8 /p\.he.r\¯/ <p\.he.r\.¯\> neut. akind of shirt.

119phervu& /p\.her.vu~/ <p\.he.r\.vu~> v.tr. towear.

p&gt /p\˜.g\t/ <p\~.g\.t\> fem. a row of
diners.

pherve= /p\.her.veß/ <p\.he.r\.ve.ß\>masc. dress.

p&c /p\µ.c\/ <p\~.c\> neut. a arbitrator(traditionally a body of five arbitrators).

phero /p\.he.ro/ <p\.he.ro> masc. awatch.

p&ca8u& /p\µ.ca.¯u~/ <p\~.ca.¯u~> adj.
ninty five.

phel /p\.hel/ <p\.he.l\> fem. an
initiation.

p&cat /p\µ.cat/ <p\~.ca.t\> fem. a bodyof arbitrators.

phelvan /p\.hel.van/ <p\.he.l\.va.n\>masc. a wrestler.

p&cam<t /p\µ.ca.mrut/ <p\~.ca.mru≤.t\>neut. a mixture of milk, yogurt, ghee,honey and sugar.

phelu& /p\.he.lu~/ <p\.he.lu~> adj. first.
pho&c /p\.ha~c/ <p\.ho~.c\> fem. a
receipt.
pho&c /p\.ha~c/ <p\.ha~.c\> fem. a power
affecting a person, thing, or course of
events.
pho&cvu& /p\.ha~c.vu~/ <p\.ha~.c\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to reach 2. to arrive.

p&cayt /p\µ.ca.j\t/ <p\~.ca.j\.t\> fem. an
executive body of a caste or village.
p&cal /p\µ.cal/ <p\~.ca.l\> masc. a
blacksmith.
p&cavn /p\µ.ca.v\n/ <p\~.ca.v\.n\> adj.
fifty five.
p&ca=I /p\µ.ca.ßi/ <p\~.ca.ßii> adj. eighty
five.

phoXu& /p\.ho.Æu~/ <p\.ho.Æu~> adj. broad.
pho&cI /p\.ha~.ci/ <p\.ha~.cii> fem.
wristler.
pho&co /p\.ha~.co/ <p\.ha~.co> masc. thewrist.
pX /p\Æ/ <p\.Æ\> fem. 1. aperiod oftwenty four second 2. a moment.
p&ikt /p\˜.ki/ <p\~.kti> fem. a line.
p&`I /p\˜.k˙i/ <p\~.khii> neut. a bird.
p&`o /p\˜.k˙o/ <p\~.kho> masc. a fan.

p&ca&g /p\µ.ca~.˜g\/ <p\~.ca~.g\> neut. an
almanac.
p&coter /p\µ.co.ter/ <p\~.co.te.r\> adj.
seventy five.
p&jo /p\µ.Ôo/ <p\~.Ôo> masc. 1. a paw 2.
a claw.
p&6 /p\¯.Î\/ <p\~.Î\> neut. the humanbody.
p&i6t /p\¯.Îit/ <p\~.¯i.t\> masc. a
scholar.

120
p&9 /p\n.t˙/ <p\~.th\> masc. 1. a road, 2.
a sect 3. a cult.

pagl /pa.g\l/ <pa.g\.l\> adj. 1. mad 2.
lunatic.

p&dr /p\n.d\r/ <p\~.d\.r\> adj. fifteen.

pa36I /fem./ <pa.gh\.Îii> fem. turban.

p&paXvu& /p\m.paÆ.vu~/ <p\~.pa.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to pat 2. to fondle.

pa36I /fem./ <pa.gh\.Îii> fem. bribe.

pa /pa/ <pa> adj. one forth.

pa36I /fem./ <pa.gh\.Îii> fem. anillegal payment for having tenancy rights
of a house, place etc.

pak /pak/ <pa.k\> masc. crop.
pak /pak/ <pa.k\> masc. pus.
pakvu& /pak.vu~/ <pa.k\.vu~> v.intr. to be
produced.
pakvu& /pak.vu~/ <pa.k\.vu~> v.intr. toripen.
pakvu& /pak.vu~/ <pa.t\.vu~> v.intr. theformation of pus.

pacn /pa.c\n/ <pa.c\.n\> neut.
digestion.
pacn=ikt /pa.c\n.ß\k.ti/<pa.c\.n\.ß\.kti> fem. digestive
power.
pa2lu& /pac˙.lu~/ <pa.ch\.lu~> adj. 1.
former 2. later.
pa2X /pa.c˙\Æ/ <pa.ch\.Æ\> postp.
behind.

pak=aS{a /pak.ßaß.tr\/ <pa.k\.ßa.ßtr\>neut. the science of cooking.

pa2u& /pa.c˙u~/ <pa.chu~> adj. again.

paku& /pa.ku~/ <pa.ku~> adj. ripened.

pa@ /pa.Ôi/ <pa.Ôii> adj. mean.

paku& /pa.ku~/ <pa.ku~> adj. properly
cooked.

pa4 /paˇ/ <pa.ˇ\> masc. a plank ofwood.

paku& /pa.ku~/ <pa.ku~> adj. 1. skillful 2.
shrewd.

pa4ngr /paˇ.n\.g\r/ <pa.ˇ\.n\.g\.r\>
neut. the capital of a country, state etc.

paixk /pak.ßik/ <pa.kßi.k\> adj.
fortnightly.

pa4lUn /paˇ.lun/ <pa.ˇ\.luu.n\> neut.
trousers.

pa`&6 /pa.k˙\¯Î/ <pa.kh\~.Î\> neut.
deceit.

pai4yu& /pa.ˇi.ju~/ <pa.ˇi.ju~> neut. 1. aboard 2. a black-board.

pa`&6I /pa.k˙\¯.Îi/ <pa.kh\~.Îii> adj.
deceitful.

pa4Idar /pa.ˇi.dar/ <pa.ˇi.da.r\> masc. aname of a caste.

121
pa4u /pa.ˇu~/ <pa.ˇu> neut. a kick.
pa5 /paˇ˙/ <pa.ˇh\> masc. a reading.

pa8Icu& /pa.¯i.cu~/ <pa.¯ii.cu~> neut.
discharge from a position of
employment:

pa5 /paˇ˙/ <pa.ˇh\> masc. apunishment.

pa8Idar /pa.¯i.dar/ <pa.¯ii.da.r\> adj.
sharp.

pa5 /paˇ˙/ <pa.ˇh\> masc. a school
lesson.

patXu& /pat.Æu~/ <pa.t\.Æu~> adj. thin.

pa5vvu& /pa.ˇ\v.vu~/ <pa.ˇh\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to send.

pa9r8u& /pa.t˙\r.¯u~/ neut. a carpet.
padrI /pad.ri/ <pa.d\.rii> masc. a
Christian priest.

pa6vu& /paÎ.vu~/ <pa.Î\.vu~> v.tr. tocause to fall.

pan /pan/ <pa.n\> neut. a leaf.

pa6vu& /paÎ.vu~/ <pa.Î\.vu~> v.tr. todraw.

pan`r /pan.k˙\r/ <pa.n\.kh\.r\> fem.
the fall (season).

pa6I /pa.Îi/ <pa.Îii> fem. a female calfof a buffalo.

panI /pa.ni/ <pa.nii> fem. the heel.

pa6u& /pa.Îu~/ <pa.Îu~> neut. a calf of abuffalo.
pa6o /pa.Îo/ <pa.Îo> masc. a male calfof a buffalo.
pa6o= /pa.Îoß/ <pa.Îo.ß\> masc.
neighborhood.
pa6o=I /pa.Îo.ßi/ <pa.Îo.ßii> masc. aneighbor.

panu& /pa.nu~/ <pa.nu~> neut. 1. a leaf of abook 2. a playing card.
panetr /pa.ne.t\r/ <pa.ne.t\.r\> neut. a
wedding sari.
pap6 /pa.p\Î/ <pa.p\.Î\> masc. a food
item.
pap6I /pap.Îi/ <pa.p\.Îii> fem. a podof a kind of pulse.
papI /pa.pi/ <pa.pii> adj. sinful.

pa6o=8 /pa.Îo.ß\¯/ <pa.Îo.ß\.¯\> fem.
a female neighbor.
pai8yaru& /pa.¯i.ja.ru~/ <pa.¯i.ja.ru~> neut.
a water room in a house.
pa8I /pa.¯i/ <pa.¯ii> neut. water.

pamr /pa.m\r/ <pa.m\.r\> adj.
miserable.
pamvu& /pam.vu~/ <pa.m\.vu~> v.dat. togain.
payjamo /paj.Ôa.mo/ <pa.j\.Ôa.mo> masc.
trousers.

122

paymal /paj.mal/ <pa.j\.ma.l\> adj. 1.
ruined 2. destroyed.
payl /pa.j\l/ <pa.j\.l\> neut. a tinkling
anklet.
payo /pa.jo/ <pa.j\.l\> masc. afoundation.

pairjat /pa.ri.Ôat/ <pa.ri.Ôa.t\> neut. akind of flower plant.
pairtoiqk /pa.ri.to.ßik/ <pa.ri.to.s°i.k\>
neut. a prize.
parevu& /pa.re.vu~/ <pa.re.vu~> neut. apegion.

parku& /par.ku~/ <pa.r\.ku~> adj. others’

palk /pa.l\k/ <pa.l\.k\> adj. aguardian.

par`vu& /pa.r\k˙.vu~/ <pa.r\.kh\.vu~> v.tr.
to test.

pal`I /pal.k˙i/ <pa.l\.khii> fem. apalanquin.

par`u& /par.k˙u~/ <pa.r\.khu~> neut. a test.

palvvu& /pa.l\v.vu~/ <pa.l\.v\.vu~> v.tr. torear.

par8u& /par.¯u~/ <pa.r\.¯u~> neut. acradle.
par8u& /par.¯u~/ <pa.r\.¯u~> neut. a
dinner after completation of a fast.

palvvu& /pa.l\v.vu~/ <pa.l\.v\.vu~> v.exp.
to afford.
palo /pa.lo/ <pa.lo> masc. green
foliage.

pard=Rk /par.d\r.ß\k/ <pa.r\.d\.rß\.k\>adj. transparent.

pavtI /pav.ti/ <pa.v\.tii> fem. a receipt.

par3I /par.g˙i/ <pa.r\.ghii> masc. ahunter.

pavr0u& /pa.v\r.d˙u~/ <pa.v\.r\.dhu~> adj.
proficient.

parsmi8 /pa.r\s.m\.¯i/<pa.r\.s\.m\.¯ii> masc. a
mythological stone that turnn iron
into gold.

pasu& /pa.su~/ <pa.su~> neut. a side.

parsI /par.si/ <pa.r\.sii> masc. a nameof a community.
par&gt /pa.r\m.g\t/ <pa.r\~.g\.t\> adj.
expert.
paray8 /pa.ra.j\¯/ <pa.ra.j\.¯\> neut. arecitation of a religious text.

pase /pa.se/ <pa.se> postp. near.
paX /paÆ/ <pa.Æ\> fem. an edge of awater form.
paXvu& /paÆ.vu~/ <pa.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tofoster 2. to bring up.
paiXyo /pa.Æi.jo/ <pa.Æi.jo> masc. amemorial stone.
pa&` /pa~k˙/ <pa~.kh\> fem. a wing.

123ip]a /pit.t\/ <pi.tt\> neut. bile.
pa&`6I /pa~k˙.Îi/ <pa~.kh\.Îii> fem. apetal.

ip]aX /pit.t\Æ/ <pi.tt\.Æ\> neut. brass.

pa&`u& /pa~.k˙u~/ <pa~.khu~> adj. 1. notdense 2. thinly catered.

ip{aa; /pit.rai/ <pi.tr\.ii> masc. a
cousin.

pa&grvu& /pa~.g\r.vu~/ <pa~.g\.r\.vu~> v.intr.
to blossom.

iptra; /pi.t\.rai/ <pi.t\.ra.ii> masc. a
cousin.

pa&c /pa~c/ <pa~.c\> adj. five.

ippU6I /pi.pu.Îi/ <pi.puu.Îii> fem. apipe-like whistle.

pa&cm /pa~.c\m/ <pa~.c\.m\> fem. thefifth day of either of the fortnight of the
Hindu calander.

ipyr /pi.j\r/ <pi.j\.r\> neut. the paternalhouse of a married woman.

pa&jrapoX /pa~Ô.ra.poÆ/ <pa~.Ô\.ra.po.Æ\>fem. a charitable aylum for domestic
animals and birds.

ipyu /pi.ju/ <pi.ju> masc. a lover.

pa&jru& /pa~Ô.ru~/ <pa~.Ô\.ru~> neut. a cage.

ip=ac /pi.ßac/ <pi.ßa.c\> neut. ghost.

pa&{aIs /pa~t.ris/ <pa~.trii.s\> adj. thirty
five.

ipStaXIs /pis.ta.Æis/ <pi.sta.Æii.s\> adj.
forty-five.

pa&9I /pa~.t˙i/ <pa~.thii> fem. the line
caused by combed hair.

ip&6I /pi¯.Îi/ <pi~.Îii> fem. the calf ofthe leg.

pa&d6I /pa~d.Îi/ <pa~.d\.Îii> fem. a small
tender leaf.

pIgXvu& /pi.g\Æ.vu~/ <pii.g\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.
to melt.

pa&p8 /pa~.p\¯/ <pa~.p\.¯\> fem. the eyelash.

pI2u& /pi.c˙u~/ <pii.chu~> neut. a feather.

pa&s5 /pa~.s\ˇ˙/ <pa~.s\.ˇh\> adj. sixty
five.
pa&sXI /pa~.s\.Æi/ <pa~.s\.Æii> fem. a rib.
ipckarI /pic.ka.ri/ <pi.c\.ka.rii> fem. akind of water-gun.
ipta /pi.ta/ <pi.ta> masc. the father.

ipLlu& /pil.lu~/ <pi.llu~> neut. a skein.

pI2eh5 /pi.c˙e.h\ˇ˙/ <pii.che.h\.ˇh\>fem. a retreat.
pI2o /pi.c˙o/ <pii.cho> masc. a pursuit.
pI4vu& /piˇ.vu~/ <pii.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. to beatseverely.
pI5 /piˇ˙/ <pii.ˇh\> fem. the back (of thebody).

124

pI5Ika /pi.ˇ˙i.ka/ <pii.ˇhii.ka> fem. abackground.
pI5I /pi.ˇ˙i/ <pii.ˇhii> fem. fragrantyellow mixture applied to the bodies ofthe bridegroom and the bride.
pI6a /pi.Îa/ <pii.Îa> fem. pain.
pI8u& /pi.¯u~/ <pii.¯u~> neut. drink.

pu~t /puk˙.t\/ <pu.kht\> adj. mature.
pu*y /pu¯.j\/ <pu.¯j\> neut.
righteousness.
pu{a /put.r\/ <pu.tr\> masc. a son.
pu{av0U /put.r\.v\.d˙u/ <pu.tr\.v\.dhuu>
fem. a son’s wife.
pU{aI /put.ri/ <pu.trii> fem. a daughter.

pIp /pip/ <pii.p\> neut. a barrel.
punr\ /pu.n\r/ <pu.n\.r> advb. again.
pIpX /pi.p\Æ/ <pii.p\.Æ\> fem. a kind oftree.
pIpXo /pip.Æo/ <pii.p\.Æo> fem. a kind oftree.
pIrsvu& /pi.r\s.vu~/ <pii.r\.s\.vu~> v.tr. toserve food (formal).
pIlvu& /pil.vu~/ <pii.l\.vu~> v.tr. to crush.
pIlu& /pi.lu~/ <pii.lu~> neut. a baby
chicken.
pIvu& /pi.vu~/ <pii.vu~> v.tr. to drink.
pIsvu& /pis.vu~/ <pii.s\.vu~> v.tr. to grind.
pIXa= /pi.Æaß/ <pii.Æa.ß\> fem.
yellowness.
pIXu& /pi.Æu~/ <pii.Æu~> adj. yellow.
pI&`vu& /pi~k˙.vu~/ <pi~.kh\.vu~> v.tr. toransack.
pI&jvu& /pi~µÔ.vu~/ <pi~.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tocard 2. to comb 3. to lengthen a talk etc.
unduly.

punravlokn /pun.rav.lo.k\n/<pu.n\.ra.v\.lo.k\.n\> neut. arevision.
puravtRn /pun.ra.v\r.t\n/<pu.n\.ra.v\.rt\.n\> neut. a
repetition.
punrav<i]a /pun.ra.vrut.ti/<pu.n\.ra.vr≤u.tti> fem. a reprint.
punruikt /pu.n\.ru.kti/ <pu.n\.ru.kti>
fem. a repetition (of an expression).
punjRNm /pu.n\r.Ô\n.m\/<pu.n\.rÔ\.nm\> masc. a rebirth.
punlRGn /pu.n\r.l\g.n\/ <pu.n\.rl\.gn\>
neut. a remarriage.
puint /pu.nit/ <pu.ni.t\> adj. holy.
purbhar /pur.b\.har/ <pu.r\.b\.ha.r\>adj. at the climax.
purv5o /pur.v\.ˇ˙o/ <pu.r\.v\.ˇho> masc.
supply.

125
purv8I /pu.r\v.¯i/ <pu.r\.v\.¯ii> fem. asupplement.

puiStka /pus.ti.ka/ <pu.sti.ka> fem. abooklet.

purvar /pur.var/ <pu.r\.va.r\> adj.
proved.

puiLl&g /pul.ling/ <pu.lli~.g\> neut.
masculine.

purSktaR /pu.r\s.k\r.ta/ <pu.r\.sk\.rta>
masc. an originator.

pU2pr2 /puc˙.p\.r\c˙/<puu.ch\.p\.r\.ch\> fem. a verbal
inquiry.

purSkar /pu.r\s.kar/ <pu.r\.ska.r\>masc. a prize.

pura8 /pu.ra¯/ <pu.ra.¯\> neut. Purana.
pura8u& /pu.ra.¯u~/ <pu.ra.¯u~> adj. 1.
ancient 2. old.
puratn /pu.ra.t\n/ <pu.ra.t\.n\> adj.
ancient.
puravo /pu.ra.vo/ <pu.ra.vo> masc. 1. aproof 2. an evidence 3. a testimony.
pura&t /pu.ra~nt/ <pu.ra~.t\> fem. balance(in account).
puruq /pu.ruß/ <pu.ru.s°\> masc. 1. aman 2. a husband.
puroiht /pu.ro.hit/ <pu.ro.hi.t\> masc. afamily prist.
pulav /pu.lav/ <pu.la.v\> masc. a food
item (made of rice).
puQkX /puß.k\/ <pu.s°k\.Æ\> adj.
plentiful.

pU2vu& /puc˙.vu~/ <puu.ch\.vu~> v.tr. 1. toask 2. to inquire.
pUjvu& /puÔ.vu~/ <puu.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. toworship.
pUja /pu.Ôa/ <puu.Ôa> fem. worship.
pUjapo /pu.Ôa.po/ <puu.Ôa.po> masc.
articles of worship.
pUjar8 /pu.Ôa.r\¯/ <puu.Ôa.r\.¯\> fem.
a female worshiper.
pUjarI /pu.Ôa.ri/ <puu.Ôa.rii> masc. amale worshiper.
pUjy /puÔ.j\/ <puu.Ôj\> adj. worth
worshiping (lit. meaning). Used toaddress
the elders in letter writing.
pU5 /puˇ˙/ <puu.ˇh\> fem. the back.
pUtXI /put.Æi/ <puu.t\.Æii> fem. 1. a doll
2. the pupil of the eye.

puQp /puß.p\/ <pu.s°p\> neut. a flower.

pUrk /pu.r\k/ <pu.r\.k\> adj.
supplementary.

puStk /pus.t\k/ <pu.st\.k\> neut. abook.

pUrtu& /pur.tu~/ <puu.r\.tu~> adj.
sufficient.

126
pUrpa4 /pur.paˇ/ <puu.r\.pa.ˇ\> advb.
at full speed.

pUXo /pu.Æo/ <puu.Æo> masc. a bundle ofgrass.

pUrvu& /pur.vu~/ <puu.r\.vu~> v.tr. to fillup air etc.

pU&26u& /pu~c˙.Îu~/ <puu~.ch\.Îu~> neut. atail.

pUrI /pu.ri/ <puu.rii> fem. a food item.

pU&@ /pu~.Ôi/ <puu~.Ôii> fem. wealth.

pUru& /pu.ru~/ <puu.ru~> adj. complete.

pU&jo /pu~.Ôo/ <puu~.Ôo> masc. dirt.

pUrepUru& /pu.re.pu.ru~/ <puu.re.pu.ru~> adj.
absolutely complete.

p<(9kr8 /pru.t˙\k.k\.r\¯/<pr≤u.thth\.k\.r\.¯\> neut. analysis.

pU8R /pur.¯\/ <puu.r¯\> adj. complete.

p<(vI /pru.t˙vi/ <pr≤uth\.vii> fem. theearth.

pU8Rivram /pur.¯\.vi.ram/<puu.r¯\.vi.ra.m\> neut. a full-stop.
pU8aR&k /pur.¯a~k/ <puu.r¯a~.k\> masc. an
integer.
pUi8Rma /pur.¯i.ma/ <puu.r¯i.ma> fem. afull moon day.

pe4 /peˇ/ <pe.ˇ\> neut. 1. the stomach 2,
the belly.
pe4-ru& /peˇ.b˙\.ru~`/ <pe.ˇ\.bh\.ru~> adj.
self-centered.
pe4avvu& /pe.ˇav.vu~/ <pe.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.
to light 2. to ignite 3. to kindle.

pUvR /pur.v\/ <puu.rv\> adj. east.
pe4I /pe.ˇi/ <pe.ˇii> fem. a box.
pUvRg/h /pur.v\.gr\.h\/ <puu.rv\.gr\.h\>masc. prejudice.
pUvRj /pur.v\Ô/ <puu.rv\.Ô\> masc. anancestor.
pUvRjNm /pur.v\.Ô\n.m\/<puu.rv\.Ô\.nm\> masc. a previous
birth.

pe7I /pe.Î˙i/ <pe.Îhii> fem. a businesshouse.
pe7u& /pe.Î˙u~/ <pe.Îhu~> neut. the gum of
a tooth.
pe8I /p´.¯i/ <pe.¯ii> fem. a frying pan.
pelu& /pe.lu~/ <pe.lu~> pron. that.

pUvRpx /pur.v\.p\k.ß\/ <puu.rv\.p\.kß\>masc. an initail argument.

pe=ab /pe.ßab/ <pe.ßa.b\> masc. urine.

pUvaRpr /pur.va.p\r/ <puu.rva.p\.r\>adj. contextual.

pesvu& /pes.vu~/ <pe.s\.vu~> v.intr. toeneter.

127
pe&6o /pe¯.Îo/ <pe~.Îo> masc. a kind of
sweet.
pe&tro /p´~t.ro/ <pe~.t\.ro> masc. a
stratagem.

pote /po.te/ <po.te> pron. self.
po9I /po.t˙i/ <po.thii> fem. an unboundbook.

pE6u& /p\i.Îu~/ <p\i.Îu~> neut. a wheel.

podXo /pod.Æo/ <po.d\.Æo> masc. a lumpof fresh dung.

pEsadar /p\i.sa.dar/ <p\i.sa.da.r\> adj.
rich.

popcu& /pop.cu~/ <po.p\.cu~> neut. theeye-lid.

pEso /p\i.so/ <p\i.so> masc. 1. money
2. a one paisa coin.

pop4 /po.p\ˇ/ <po.p\.ˇ\> masc. aparrot.

pok /pok/ <po.k\> fem. a lod cry ofwailing.

pop6o /pop.Îo/ <po.p\.Îo> masc. a thincrust.

pokX /po.k\Æ/ <po.k\.Æ\> adj. hollow.

poy8u& /poj.¯u~/ <po.j\.¯u~> neut. a white
lotus.

pokar /po.kar/ <po.ka.r\> masc. a loudcry.

polad /po.lad/ <po.la.d\> neut. steel.

pocu& /po.cu~/ <po.chu~> adj. soft.

polu& /po.lu~/ <po.lu~> adj. hollow.

po4lI /poˇ.li/ <po.ˇ\.lii> fem. a small
bundle.

po=ak /po.ßak/ <po.ßa.k\> masc.
apparel.

po5 /poˇ˙/ <po.ˇh\> fem. a caravan.

poq /poß/ <po.s°\> masc. the third
month of the Vikram samvat.

po7vu& /poÎ˙.vu~/ <po.Îh\.vu~> v.intr. tosleep (literary, formal).

poqk /po.ß\k/ <po.s°\.k\> adj. nutritive.

po8u& /po.¯u~/ <po.¯u~> adj. equal tothree quarters.

poq8 /po.ß\¯/ <po.s°\.¯\> neut. 1.
nourishment 2. nutrition.

po8oso /po.¯o.so/ <po.¯o.so> adj. 3/4thof hundred.

poX /poÆ/ <po.Æ\> fem. a street(originally with a gate).

pot /pot/ <po.t\> neut. texture.

po&k /pø~k/ <po~.k\> masc. roasted green
grains of ceratin corns such as wheat,etc.

potu& /po.tu~/ <po.tu~> neut. a wet piece ofcloth used for cleaning various surfaces.

128
po&`vu& /pø~k˙.vu~/ <po~.kh\.vu~> v.tr. theformal ritual of receiving bride andbridegroom.
pO{a /p\ut.r\/ <p\u.tr\> masc. a
grandson.
pO{aI /p\ut.ri/ <p\u.trii> fem. a
granddaughter.
pOrai8k /p\u.ra.¯ik/ <p\u.ra.¯i.k\> adj.
related to the Puranas.
pOiQ4k /p\uß.ˇik/ <p\u.s°ˇi.k\> adj.
nutritious.
pOAa /p\u.a/ <p\u.a> masc. a kind ofrice flake.

p/g4vu& /pr\.g\ˇ.vu~/ <pr\.g\.ˇ\.vu~>
v.intr. to come into existence.
p/git /pr\.g\.ti/ <pr\.g\.ti> fem.
progress.
p/cilt /pr\.c\.lit/ <pr\.c\.li.t\> adj.
prevalent.
p/c&6 /pr\.c\¯.Î\/ <pr\.c\~.Î\> adj.
terribly huge.
p/car /pr\.car/ <pr\.ca.r\> masc.
propaganda.
p/cur /pr\.cur/ <pr\.cu.r\> adj.
excessive.

p/k4 /pr\.k\ˇ/ <pr\.k\.ˇ\> adj. open.

p/C2Nn /pr\.c˙\nn/ <pr\.ch\.nn\> adj.
covered.

p/kr8 /pr\k.r\¯/ <pr\.k\.r\.¯\> neut.
1. a chapter 2. a subject.

p/jnn /pr\.Ô\.n\n/ <pr\.Ô\.n\.n\> neut.
biological reproduction

p/kar /pr\.kar/ <pr\.ka.r\> masc. 1. sort
2. kind.

p/jXvu& /pr\.Ô\Æ.vu~/ <pr\.Ô\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.
to burn.

p/ka= /pr\.kaß/ <pr\.ka.ß\> masc. light.

p/ja /pr\.Ôa/ <pr\.Ôa> fem. people.

p/ka=vu& /pr\.kaß.vu~/ <pr\.ka.ß\.vu~>
v.intr. 1. to shine 2. to glow.

p/jas]aak /pr\.Ôa.s\t.tak/<pra.Ôa.s\.tta.k\> adj. republic.

p/k<it /pr\.kru.ti/ <pr\.kr≤u.ti> fem.
nature.

p/8am /pr\.¯am/ <pr\.¯a.m\> masc. 1.
a bow 2. a salutation.

p/kop /pr\.kop/ <pr\.ko.p\> masc.
anger.

p/8alI /pr\.¯a.li/ <pr\.¯a.mii> fem. 1. acustom 2. a tradition.

p/k/Iya /pr\.kri.ja/ <pr\.krii.ja> fem. amethod.

p/8alIka /pr\.¯a.li.ka/ <pr\.¯a.lii.ka>
fem. 1. a custom 2. a tradition.

p/~yat /pr\k˙.jat/ <pr\.khja.t\> adj.
renowned.

p/8eta /pr\.¯e.ta/ <pr\.¯e.ta> masc. 1.
the author 2. the originator.

129

p/t /pr\t/ <pr\.t\> fem. a copy of abook.

p/itvad /pr\.ti.vad/ <pr\.ti.va.d\> masc.
refutation.

p/it /pr\.ti/ <pr\.ti> postp. towards.

p/itQ5a /pr\.tiß.ˇ˙a/ <pr\.ti.s°ˇha> fem.
reputation.

p/itkar /pr\.ti.kar/ <pr\.ti.k\.r\> masc.
resistance.
p/itkaVy /pr\.ti.kav.j\/ <pr\.ti.ka.vj\>
neut. a parody.
p/itkUX /pr\.ti.kuÆ/ <pr\.ti.kuu.Æ\> adj.
unsuitable.
p/itik/ya /pr\.ti.kri.ja/ <pr\.ti.kri.ja> fem.
reaction.
p/it3oq /pr\.ti.g˙oß/ <pr\.ti.gho.s°\>masc. an echo.
p/it}aa /pr\.tig.na/ <pr\.ti.gna> fem. 1. avow 2. a promise.
p/it)vin /pr\.ti.d˙v\.ni/ <pr\.ti.dhv.ni>
masc. an echo.
p/itini0 /pr\.ti.ni.d˙i/ <pr\.ti.ni.dhi>
masc. a representative.
p/itpx /pr\.ti.p\k.ß\/ <pr\.ti.p\.kß\>masc. an opposite argument.
p/itb&0 /pr\.ti.b\n.d˙\/ <pr\.ti.b\~.dh\>
masc. 1. prohibition 2. restriction.
p/itib&b /pr\.ti.bim.b\/ <pr\.ti.bi~.b\>neut. a reflection.
p/it-a /pr\.ti.b˙a/ <pr\.ti.bha> fem.
natural or extraordinary mental faculty.
p/itro0 /pr\.ti.rod˙/ <pr\.ti.ro.dh\>
masc. resistance.

p/itSp0IR /pr\.ti.sp\r.d˙i/<pr\.ti.sp\.rdhii> masc. a rival.
p/ithar /pr\.ti.har/ <pr\.ti.ha.r\> masc.
a gate-keeper.
p/tIk /pr\.tik/ <pr\.tii.k\> neut. asymbol.
p/tIxa /pr\.tik.ßa/ <pr\.tii.kßa> fem. a
waiting for.
p/tIit /pr\.ti.ti/ <pr\.tii.ti> fem.
conviction.
p/Tyx /pr\.tj\k.ß\/ <pr\.tj\.kß\> adj. 1.
visible 2. the knowledge gain throughsenses.
p/Tyy /pr\.tj\.j\/ <pr\.tj\.j\> masc. anaffix.
p/Ty&Cya /pr\.tj\n.ca/ <pr\.tj\~.ca> fem.
the string of a bow.
p/Tyagmn /pr\t.ja.g\.m\n/<pr\.tja.g\.m\.n\> neut. a return.
p/Tyu]ar /pr\t.u.tt\r/ masc. 1. a reply 2. arejoinder.
p/Tye /pr\t.je/ <pr\.tje> postp. 1. at 2.
towards.
p/Tyek /pr\t.jek/ <pr\.tje.k\> adj. every
one.

130

p/9m /pr\.t˙\m/ <pr\.th\.m\> adj. 1.
first 2. fundamental 3. initial.

p/-av /pr\.b˙av/ <pr\.bha.v\> masc. 1.
effectiveness 2. influence.

p/9ma /pr\.t˙\.ma/ <pr\.th\.ma> fem. anominative case.

p/-u /pr\.b˙u/ <pr\.bhu> masc. god.

p/9a /pr\.t˙a/ <pr\.tha> fem. 1. a custom
2. a tradition.
p/dix8a /pr\.d\k.ßi.¯a/ <pr\.d\.kßi.¯a>fem. moving circular (left to right)
motion round a person or thing as a partof a religious ritual.

p/-u]v /pr\.b˙ut.v\/ <pr\.bhu.ttv\>
neut. mastery.
p/m]a /pr\.m\t.t\/ <pr\.m\.tt\> adj.
excited.
p/ma8 /pr\.ma¯/ <pr\.ma.¯\> neut. 1.
norm 2. standard 3. proof (in logic).

p/d=Rk /pr\.d\r.ß\k/ <pr\.d\.rß\.k\>masc. exhibitor.

p/ma8-Ut /pr\.ma¯.b˙ut/<pr\.ma.¯\.bhuu.t\> adj. reliable.

p/d=Rn /pr\.d\r.ß\n/ <pr\.d\.rß\.n\>neut. exhibition.

p/mai8k /pr\.ma.¯ik/ <pr\.ma.¯i.k\>
adj. honesty.

p/dan /pr\.dan/ <pr\.da.n\> neut.
contribution.

p/mad /pr\.mad/ <pr\.ma.d\> masc.
laziness.

p/de= /pr\.deß/ <pr\.de.ß\> masc. 1. aregion 2. territory.

p/mu` /pr\.muk˙/ <pr\.mu.kh\> masc.
1. chief 2. president.

p/doq /pr\.doß/ <pr\.do.s°\> masc. dusk.

p/mey /pr\.me.j\/ <pr\.me.j\> masc. atheorem.

p/0an /pr\.d˙n/ <pr\.dha.n\> masc.
minister.
p/p&c /pr\.p\µc/ <pr\.p\~.c\> masc.
deceit.
p/bX /pr\.b\Æ/ <pr\.b\.Æ\> adj. verystrong.
p/-at /pr\.b˙at/ <pr\.bha.t\> neut.
dawn.
p/-aityu& /pr\.b˙a.ti.ju~/ <pr\.bha.ti.ju~>
neut. a devotional song that sung at
dawn.

p/yTn /pr\.j\t.n\/ <pr\.j\.tn\> masc. aneffort.
p/ya8 /pr\.ja¯/ <pr\.ja.¯\> neut. a
departure.
p/yas /pr\.jas/ <pr\.ja.s\> masc. aneffort.
p/yog /pr\.jog/ <pr\.jo.g\> masc. 1. anexperiment 2. a trial.

131
p/yojk /pr\.jo.Ô\k/ <pr\.jo.Ô\.k\> masc.
an organizer.

p/s&=a /pr\.ß\m.ßa/ <pr\.s\~.ßa> fem.
eulogy.

p/ly /pr\.l\j/ <pr\.l\.j\> masc.
destruction of the creation by a deluge.

p/½ /pr\ß.n\/ <pr\.ßn\> masc. aquestion.

p/lap /pr\.lap/ <pr\.la.p\> masc. 1.
lamentation 2. prattle.

p/½p{a /pr\ß.n\.p\t.r\/ <pr\.ßn\.p\.tr\>
neut. a question paper.

p/lo-n /pr\.lo.b˙\n/ <pr\.lo.bh\.n\>neut. a temptation.

p/sNn /pr\.s\n.n\/ <pr\.s\.nn\> adj. 1.
pleased 2. satisfied.

p/vcn /pr\.v\.c\n/ <pr\.v\.c\.n\> neut.
a lecture.

p/srvu& /pr\.s\r.vu~/ <pr\.s\.r\.vu~> v.intr.
to spread.

p/vah /pre.vah/ <pr\.va.h\> masc. 1. aflow 2. a current.

p/s&g /pr\.s\˜g/ <pr\.s\~.g\> masc. 1. anoccasion 2. an event.

p/vahI /pr\.va.hi/ <pr\.va.hii> fem.
liquid.

p/sad /pr\.sad/ <pr\.sa.d\> masc. 1.
grace 2. favor.

p/vahI /pr\.va.hi/ <pr\.va.hii> adj.
liquid.

p/sadI /pr\.sa.di/ <pr\.sa.dii> fem. 1athing or etable offered to a deity.

p/vI8 /pr\.vi¯/ <pr\.vii.¯\> adj. expert.

p/sa0n /pr\.sa.d˙\n/ <pr\.sa.dh\.n\>neut. equipment.

p/v<i]a /pr\.vrut.ti/ <pr\.vr≤u.tti> fem.
activity.
p/ve= /pr\.veß/ <pr\.ve.ß\> masc.
entrance.
p/ve=k /pr\.ve.ß\k/ <pr\.ve.ß\.k\> masc.
introduction of a book or a play etc.
p/vei=ka /pr\.ve.ßi.ka/ <pr\.ve.ßi.ka> fem.
an introductory book.
p/=iSt /pr\.ß\s.ti/ <pr\.ß\.sti> fem.
eulogy.
p/s&=k /pr\.ß\m.ß\k/ <pr\.s\~.ß\.k\>masc. admirer.

p/sar /pr\.sar/ <pr\.sa.r\> masc.
spread.
p/is)0 /pr\.sid˙.d˙\/ <pr\.si.dhdh\> adj.
famous.
p/Stav /pr\s.tav/ <pr\.sta.v\> masc. a
proposal.
p/S9an /pr\s.t˙an/ <pr\.stha.n\> neut. a
departure.
p/hsn /pr\.h\.s\n/ <pr\.h\.s\.n\> neut.
a comical play.
p/har /pr\.har/ <pr\.ha.r\> masc. 1. ablow 2. a striking.

132

p/acIn /pra.cin/ <pra.cii.n\> adj.
ancient.

p/exk /prek.ß\k/ <pre.kß\.k\> masc. 1.
an onlooker 2. a member in audience 3. aspectator.

p/a8 /pr\¯/ <pra.¯\> masc. breath.

p/et /pret/ <pre.t\> neut. a ghost.

p/a8I /pra.¯i/ <pra.¯ii> neut. an animal.

p/em /prem/ <pre.m\> masc. love.

p/a9imk /prat˙.mik/ <pra.th\.mi.k\> adj.
primary.

p/erk /pre.r\k/ <pre.r\.k\> adj. 1.
inspiring 2. causal (form).

p/adei=k /pra.de.ßik/ <pra.de.ßi.k\> adj.
1. regional 2. territorial.

p/er8a /pre.r\.¯a/ <pre.r\.¯a> fem.
inspiration.

p/a0aNy /pra.d˙an.j\/ <pra.dha.nj\> neut.
priority.

p/ervu& /prer.vu~/ <pre.r\.vu~> v.tr. 1. toinspire 2. to encourage.

p/a)yapk /pra.d˙ja.p\k/ <pra.dhja.p\.k\>masc. a professor.

p/oTsahn /prot.sa.h\n/ <pro.tsa.h\.n\>neut. encouragement.

p/ayi¾t /pra.j\ß.cit/ <pra.j\.ßci.t\> neut.
repentance.

p/O7 /pr\uÎ˙/ <pr\u.Îh\> adj. mature.

p/ayoigk /pra.jo.gik/ <pra.jo.gi.k\> adj.
experimental.

fp/arB0 /pra.r\b.d˙\/ <pra.r\.bdh\> neut.
1. fate 2. destiny.

fkro /p˙\k.ro/ <ph\.k\.ro> masc. aparagraph.

p/as /pras/ <pra.s\> masc. rhyming.

fkIr /p˙\.kir/ <ph\.kii.r\> masc. a
Muslim ascetic.

p/as&igk /pra.s\m.gik/ <pra.s\~.gi.k\>
adj. 1. unusual 2. incidental.
p/a&t /prant/ <pra~.t\> masc. a province.
ip/y /pri.j\/ <pri.j\> adj. 1. dear 2.
beloved.
p/It /prit/ <prii.t\> fem. 1. love 2.
affection.

fkIrI /p˙\.ki.ri/ <ph\.kii.rii> fem.
saintly life.
fKt /p˙\k.t\/ <ph\.kt\> advb. only.
fgavvu& /p˙\.gav.vu~/ <ph\.ga.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to reject (little rudely).
fjetI /p˙\.Ôe.ti/ <ph\.Ôe.tii> fem.
disgrace.
f4 /p˙\ˇ/ <ph\.ˇ\> advb. `shame shame’133

f4k6I /p˙\.ˇ\k.Îi/ <ph\.ˇ\.k\.Îii> fem.
alum.
f4kvu& /p˙\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <ph\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
to go astray.

f8sI /p˙\¯.si/ fem. a kind of vegetable
pod.
ftvo /p˙\t.vo/ masc. a religious
command (in Islam).
fteh /p˙\.teh/ <ph\.te.h\> fem. victory.

f4karvu& /p˙\ˇ.kar.vu~/ <ph\.ˇ\.ka.v\.vu~>
v.tr. 1. to beat 2. to give a blow 3. to hit(a ball).

ffXtu& /p˙\.p˙\Æ.tu~/ <ph\.ph\.Æ\.tu~> adj.
boiling.

f4kIyu& /p˙\.ˇ\k.(i).ju~/ <ph\.ˇ\.kii.ju~> adj.
easily breakable.

frk /p˙\.r\k/ <ph\.r\.k\> masc.
difference.

f4ko /p˙\ˇ.ko/ <ph\.ˇ\.ko> masc. loss
(in business).

frkvu& /p˙\.r\k.vu~/ <ph\.r\.k\.vu~>
v.intr. to flutter.

f4ko /p˙\ˇ.ko/ <ph\.ˇ\.ko> masc. ayoung beautiful girl. (slang).

frj /p˙\.r\Ô/ <ph\.r\.Ô\> fem. duty.

f4ak6o /p˙\.ˇak.Îo/ <ph\.ˇ\.k\.Îo> masc.
a fire-cracker.
f4a8u& /p˙\.ˇa.¯u~/ <ph\.ˇ\.¯u~> neut. an
abusive marriage song.
f6k /p˙\.Î\k/ <ph\.Î\.k\> fem. a flapof a garment.
f6ko /p˙\Î.ko/ <ph\.Î\.ko> masc.
sudden terror.
f6co /p˙\Î.co/ <ph\.Î\.co> masc. 1.
disposal 2. liquidation of debts.
f4af4 /p˙\.ˇa.p˙\ˇ/ <p\.ˇa.ph\.ˇ\> advb.
non-stop.
f8go /p˙\¯.go/ <ph\.¯\.ko> masc. ashoot (of a plant, etc.).
f8s /p˙\.¯\s/ neut. a kind of fruit.

frijyat /p˙\r.Ôi.jat/ <ph\.r\.Ôi.ja.t\> adj.
compulsory.
frtaram /p˙\r.ta.ram/ <ph\.r\.ta.ra.m\>masc. a wandering man.
frtu& /p˙\r.tu~/ <ph\.r\.tu~> adj.
surrounding.
frfiryu& /p˙\r.p˙\r.(i).ju~/<ph\.r\.ph\.ri.ju~> neut. a pamphlet.
frman /p˙\r.man/ <ph\.r\.ma.n\> neut.
an order.
frvu& /p˙\r.vu~/ <ph\.r\.vu~> v.intr. tomove.
frsa8 /p˙\r.sa¯/ <ph\.r\.sa.¯\> neut.
fried tasty food items.
frak /p˙\.rak/ <ph\.ra.k\> neut. afrock.

134
fraX /p˙\.raÆ/ <ph\.ra.Æ\> masc. lightfood taken while fasting.
firyad /p˙\.ri.jad/ <ph\.ri.ja.d\> fem. acomplain.
firyadI /p˙\.ri.ja.di/ <ph\.ri.ja.dii>
masc. a complainant.

f&6 /p˙\nÎ/ <ph\~.Î\> masc. fund.
f&fosvu& /p˙\m.p˙os.vu~/ <ph\~.pho.s\.vu~>
v.tr. to search minutely.
fakvu& /p˙\k.vu~/ <pha.k\.vu~> v.tr. tohave a mouthful of a powdery thing.

frI /p˙\.ri/ <ph\.rii> advb. again.

fakI /p˙a.ki/ <pha.kii> fem. powdered
medicine.

fla8u& /p˙\.la.¯u~/ <ph\.la.¯u~> neut. 1.
some one 2. some thing.

fako /p˙a.ko/ <pha.ko> masc. an act ofplacing a mouthful of a powdery thing.

flahar /p˙\.la.har/ <ph\.la.ha.r\> masc.
fruit diet.

fag8 /p˙a.g\¯/ <pha.g\.¯\> masc. thefifth month of the Vikram year.

fskvu& /p˙\.s\k.vu~/ <ph\.s\.k\.vu~>
v.intr. to burst down with the sound of
tearing.

facr /p˙a.c\r/ <pha.c\.r\> fem. a wage.

fsavu& /p˙\.sa.vu~/ <ph\.sa.vu~> v.intr. toentrapped.

fa4 /p˙aˇ/ <pha.ˇ\> fem. a splitting.

fX /p˙\Æ/ <ph\.Æ\> neut. a fruit.

fa4k /p˙a.ˇ\k/ <pha.ˇ\.k\> neut. arailway crossing.

fXdayk /p˙\Æ.da.j\k/ <ph\.Æ\.da.j\.k\>adj. fruitful.

fa4fU4 /p˙aˇ.p˙uˇ/ <pha.ˇ\.phu.ˇ\> fem.
disunity.

fXvu& /p˙\Æ.vu~/ <ph\.Æ\.vu~> v.exp. 1. tobear fruit 2. to be benefitted.

fa4vu& /p˙aˇ.vu~/ <pha.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. to be
torn.

fXaw /p˙\.Æa.u~/ <ph\.Æa.u~> adj. fruit
bearing (plants, trees etc).

fa6 /p˙aÎ/ <pha.Î\> fem. a splitting.

fiXyu& /p˙\.Æi.ju~/ <ph\.Æi.ju~> neut. astreet.
f&goXvu& /p˙\˜.goÆ.vu~/ <ph\~.go.Æ\.vu~>
v.tr.
to throw.
f&4avu& /p˙\¯.ˇa.vu~/ <ph\~.ˇa.vu~> v.intr. tochange direction.

fajl /p˙a.Ô\l/ <pha.Ô\.l\> adj. surplus.

fat6o /p˙at.Îo/ <pha.t\.Îo> masc. aeunuch.
fans /p˙a.n\s/ <pha.n\.s\> fem. alantern.
faydakark /p˙a.j\.da.ka.r\k/<pha.j\.da.ka.r\.k\> adj. beneficial.

135
faydo /p˙aj.do/ <pha.j\.do> masc.
benefit.
fargtI /p˙ar.g\.ti/ <pha.r\.g\.tii> fem.
a divorce.

fa&s /p˙a~s/ <pha~.s\> fem. a splinter.
fa&sI /p˙a~.si/ <pha~.sii> fem. gallows.

fars /p˙a.r\s/ <pha.r\.s\> neut. a farce.

fa&sIgr /p˙a~.si.g\r/ <pha~.sii.g\.r\>masc. an executioner.

fal /p˙al/ <pha.l\> masc. crop.

fa&so /p˙a~.so/ <pha~.so> masc. noose.

faltu& /p˙al.tu~/ <pha.l\.tu~> adj.
unnecessary.

ifkr /p˙i.k\r/ <phi.k\.r\> fem. anxiety.

falvu& /p˙al.vu~/ <pha.l\.vu~> v.intr. tobloom.
fav4 /p˙a.v\ˇ/ <ph.v\.ˇ\> fem.
adaptability.
favvu& /p˙av.vu~/ <pha.v\.vu~> v.exp. 1. tosuit 2. to succeed.
faXv8I /p˙a.Æ\v.¯i/ <pha.Æ\.v\.¯ii> fem.
1. distribution 2. allotment.

ifKku&/p˙ik.ku~/ <phi.kku~> adj. pale.
if4kar /p˙iˇ.kar/ <phi.ˇ\.ka.r\> masc.
hatred.
iflsUf /p˙il.sup˙/ <phi.l\.suu.ph\>masc. a philosopher.
iflsUfI /p˙il.su.p˙i/ <phi.l\.suu.phii>
fem. philosophy.
fI8 /p˙i¯/ <phii.¯\> neut. foam.

faiXyu& /p˙a.Æi.ju~/ <pha.Æi.ju~> neut. aturban.

fI8vu& /p˙i¯.vu~/ <phii.¯\.vu~> v.tr. tofroth.

faXo /p˙a.Æo/ <pha.Æo> masc. an allottedshare.

fIfu& /p˙i.p˙u~/ <phii.phu~> neut. 1. a husk
2. an empty pod.

fa&k6u& /p˙a~k.Îu~/ <pha~.k\.Îu~> adj.
praiseworthy.

fugavo /p˙u.ga.vo/ <phuu.ga.vo> masc.
inflation.

fa&ko /p˙a~.ko/ <pha~.ko> masc. vain pride.

fuTkarvu& /p˙ut.kar.vu~/ <phu.tka.r\.vu~>
v.tr. to hiss.

fa&4o /p˙a~.ˇo/ <pha~.ˇo> masc. 1. a branch
2. a diverging part.
fa&d /p˙a/ <pha~.d\> fem. a pot-belly.
fa&fa& /p˙a~.p˙a~/ <pha~.pha~> masc. vain
efforts.

fudIno /p˙u.di.no/ <phu.dii.no> masc.
mint.
fursd /p˙ur.s\d/ <phuu.r\.s\.d\> fem.
leisure.

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fuleku& /p˙u.le.ku~/ <phuu.le.ku~> neut. amarriage procession.

fer /p˙er/ <phe.r\> masc. difference.
fer /p˙er/ <phe.r\> masc. vertigo.

fuvaro /p˙u.va.ro/ <phuu.va.ro> masc. afountain.
fUg /p˙ug/ <phuu.g\> fem. mould.
fUgvu& /p˙ug.vu~/ <phuu.g\.vu~> v.intr. to
become moldy.
fU4vu& /p˙ut.vu~/ <phuu.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. to
break with a loud sound.
fUdu& /p˙u.du~/ <phuu.du~> neut. abutterfly.
fUmtu& /p˙um.tu~/ <phuu.m\.tu~> neut. atassel.

ferIyo /p˙e.ri.jo/ <phe.rii.jo> masc. 1. ahawker 2. a peddler.
ferI /p˙e.ri/ <phe.rii> fem. 1. a turn 2. atrip.
fero /p˙e.ro/ <phe.ro> masc. 1. a turn 2.
a trip.
felavu& /p˙e.la.vu~/ <phe.la.vu~> v.intr. tospread.
felavo /p˙e.la.vo/ <phe.la.vo> masc.
circulation.

fUl /p˙ul/ <phuu.l\> neut. a flower.

fe&kvu& /p˙´~k.vu~/ <phe~.k\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tothrow 2. to hurl.

fUl8@ /p˙u.l\¯.Ôi/ <phuu.l\.¯\.Ôii> adj.
vain and boastful because of praise.

fe&4o /p˙´~.ˇo/ <phe~.ˇo> masc. a kind of
turban.

fUlf4ak /p˙ul.p˙\.ˇak/<phu.l\.ph\.ˇa.k\> adj. foppish.

fe&dvu& /p˙´~d.vu~/ <phe~.d\.vu~> v.tr. tosearch.

fUlvvu& /p˙u.l\v.vu~/ <phuu.l\.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to cause to swell

fe&slo /p˙´~s.lo/ <phe~.s\.lo> masc.
disposal.

fUlvu& /p˙ul.vu~/ <phuu.l\.vu~> v.intr. . toswell 2. to blossom.

fo: /p˙oi/ <pho.ii> fem. father’s sister.

fU&k /p˙u~k/ <phuu~.k\> fem. a puff.
fU&kvu& /p˙u~k.vu~/ <phuu~.k\.vu~> v.tr. 1. toblow 2. to puff.
fe8 /p˙e¯/ fem. a serpent’s hood.
fefsu& /p˙ep˙.su~/ <phe.ph\.su~> neut. alung.

fok /p˙ok/ <pho.k\> adj. meaningless.
foj /p˙oÔ/ <pho.Ô\> fem. army.
fo6vu& /p˙oÎ.vu~/ <pho.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to
breakviolently.
fotrI /p˙ot.ri/ <pho.t\.rii> fem. husk.

137
foru& /p˙o.ru~/ <pho.ru~> neut. a drop.
folvu& /p˙ol.vu~/ <pho.l\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to
peel
2. to husk.
foLlI /p˙ol.li/ <pho.llii> fem. a skinboil.
foslavvu& /p˙os.lav.vu~/ <pho.s\.la.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to coax.

bg6vu& /b\.g\Î.vu~/ <b\.g\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to be spoiled 2. to be polluted.
bg6o /b\g.Îo/ <b\.g\.Îo> masc. thesymbol for 2.
bgl /b\.g\l/ <b\.g\.l\> fem. thearmpit.
bga6 /b\.gaÎ/ <b\.ga.Î\> masc.
wastage.

b

bga6vu& /b\.gaÎ.vu~/ <b\.ga.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
to waste.

bk bk /b\k b\k/ <b\.k\.b\.k\> neut. aprattle.

bgasu& /b\.ga.su~/ <b\.ga.Î\.vu~> neut. ayawn.

bkrI /b\k.ri/ <b\.k\.rii> fem. a femalegoat.

bgIco /b\.gi.co/ <b\.gi.co> masc. agarden.

bkru& /b\k.ru~/ <b\.k\.ru~> neut. a goat.

bcku& /b\c.ku~/ <b\.c\.ku~> neut. a bite.

bkro /b\k.ro/ <b\.k\.ro> masc. a malegoat.

bct /b\.c\t/ <b\.c\.t\> fem. a saving.

bkvu& /b\k.vu~/ <b\.k\.vu~> v.intr. toprattle.
bixs /b\k.ßiß/ <b\.kßi.s\> <b> fem. agift.
b`tr /b\k˙.t\r/ <b\.kh\.t\.r\> neut. anarmor.
bi`yo /b\.k˙i.jo/ <b\.khi.jo> masc. a
stitch.
b`e6o /b\.k˙e.Îo/ <b\.khe.Îo> masc. aquarrel.
b`ol /b\.k˙ol/ <b\.kho.l\> fem. a cavelike hollow.

bcp8 /b\c.p\¯/ <b\.c\.p\.¯\> neut.
childhood.
bcvu& /b\c.vu~/ <b\.c\.vu~> v.intr. to be
saved.
bcav /b\.cav/ <b\.ca.v\> masc. aprotection, a defense.
bCcu& /b\c.cu~/ <b\.ccu~> neut. a child.
bjar /b\.Ôar/ <b\.Ôa.r\> neut. market.
bza6vu& /b\.Ô˙aÎ.vu~/ <b\.Ôha.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
to thrust upon skillfully.

138
b4ako /b\.ˇa.ko/ <b\.ˇa.ko> masc. a
potato.
b6b6vu& /b\Î.b\Î.vu~/ <b\.Î\.b\.Î\.vu~>
v.intr. to prattle.

bdam /b\.dam/ <b\.da.m\> fem. analmond.
bdI /b\.di/ <b\.dii> fem. viciousness,
corruption.

b6a: /b\.Îai/ <b\.Îa.ii> fem. boasting.
b6a= /b\.Îaß/ <b\.Îa.ß\> fem. boasting.

b0u& /b\.d˙u~/ <b\.dhu~> adj. all, whole,entire, total.

b8gu& /b\¯.gu~/ <b\.¯\.gu~> neut. 1. selfpraise, 2. boasting.

bnvu& /b\n.vu~/ <b\.n\.vu~> v.intr. 1. tobecome, 2. to take shape.

btk /b\.t\k/ <b\.t\.k\> neut. a duck.

bnav /b\.nav/ <b\.na.v\> masc. an
event.

btavvu& /b\.tav.vu~/ <b\.ta.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.
to show, 2. to guide.
b]aI /b\t.ti/ <b\.ttii> fem. a lamp.
b{aIs /b\t.ris/ <b\.trii.s\> adj. thirty
two, 32.
bdn /b\.d\n/ <b\.d\.n\> neut. thebody.
bdnxI /b\d.n\k.ßi/ <b\.d\.n\.kßii> fem.
defamation.
bdnam /b\d.nam/ <b\.d\.na.m\> adj.
notorious.
bdbu /b\d.bu/ <b\.d\.bu> fem. bad
smell.
bdma= /b\d.maß/ <b\.d\.ma.ß\> adj.
wicked.
bdlo /b\d.lo/ <b\.d\.lo> masc. an
exchange.
bdsUrt /b\d.su.r\t/ <b\.d\.suu.r\.t\>adj. ugly (face).

bnav4 /b\.na.v\ˇ/ <b\.na.v\.ˇ\> fem. 1.
construction, 2. cheating.
bnevI /b\.ne.vi/ <b\.ne.vii> masc.
sister’s husband.
bNne /b\n.ne/ <b\.nne> adj. both.
bpor /b\.por/ <b\.po.r\> fem. noon,
mid-day.
bfaro /b\.p˙a.ro/ <b\.pha.ro> masc.
sultry weather.
bbUck /b\.bu.c\k/ <b\.buu.c\.k\> adj.
stupid.
bm8u& /b\m.¯u~/ <b\.m\.¯u~> adj.
double.
byan /b\.jan/ <b\.ja.n\> neut. 1.
description, 2. narration.
brkt /b\r.k\t/ <b\.r\.k\.t\> fem. 1.
profit, 2. benefit.
br24 /b\r.c˙\ˇ/ <b\.r\.ch\.ˇ\> adj.
rough.

139

br6o /b\r.Îo/ <b\.r\.Îo> masc. theback.
br8I /b\r.¯i/ <b\.r\.¯ii> fem. a jar.
brf /b\.r\p˙/ <b\.r\.ph\> masc. 1. ice,
2. snow.
brfI /b\r.p˙i/ <b\.r\.phii> fem. a kindof sweet.
brbad /b\r.bad/ <b\.r\.ba.d\> adj.
ruined.
brabr /b\.ra.b\r/ <b\.ra.b\.r\> adj. 1.
equal, 2. similar, 3. right, 4. proper.
brobr /b\.ro.b\r/ <b\.ro.b\.r\> adj. 1.
equal, 2. similar, 3. right, 4. proper
broX /b\.roÆ/ <b\.ro.Æ\> fem. thespleen.
blke /b\l.ke/ <b\.l\.ke> advb. not onlythat.
bla /b\.la/ <b\.la> fem. 1. a ghost, 2. aperson who harasses like a ghost.

bhar /b\.har/ <b\.ha.r\> postp.
outside.
bihQkar /b\.hiß.kar/ <b\.hi.s°ka.r\>masc. 1. rejection, 2. excommunication,
3. boycott.
bhu /b\.hu~/ <b\.hu~> adj. 1. many, 2.
much.
bhucra /b\.hu.c\.ra/ <b\.hu.c\.ra> fem.
a goddess of that name.
bhumit /b\.hu.m\.ti/ <b\.hu.m\.ti> fem.
majority.
bhu£pI /b\.hu.ru.pi/ <b\.huu.ruu.pii>
adj. assuming various forms with anintention to hide an original one.
bhu£pI /b\.hu.ru.pi/ <b\.huu.ruu.pii>
masc. 1.a person who assumes various
forms with an intention to hide his/ heroriginal one. 2. a person who assume
various forms to entertain people.
bhu&vcn /b\.hu~.v\.c\n/ <b\.hu~.v\.c\.n\>neut. plural.
bhen /b\.hen/ <b\.he.n\> fem. sister.

bil /b\.li/ <b\.li> masc. offering to adeity.

bheru& /b\.he.ru~/ <b\.he.n\> adj. deaf.

bs /b\s/ <b\.s\> advb. enough.

bhera= /b\.he.raß/ <b\.he.ra.ß\> fem.
deafness.

bs /b\s/ <b\.s\> fem. bus.
bhadUr /b\.ha.dur/ <b\.ha.duu.r\> adj.
brave.
bhanu& /b\.ha.nu~/ <b\.ha.nu~> neut. an
excuse.

bX /b\Æ/ <b\.Æ\> nuet.1.power, 2.
strength.
bXt8 /b\Æ.t\¯/ <b\.Æ\.t\.¯\> neut.
fuel.
bXtra /b\.\.t\.ra/ <b\.Æ\.t\.ra> fem.
pain caused by burning.

140

bXd /b\.Æ\d/ <b\.Æ\.d\> masc. 1. oxen,
2. bullock 3. an idiot.

b&0bestu& /b\nd˙.bes.tu~/<b\~.dh\.be.s\.tu~> adj. suitable.

bXva`or /b\Æ.va.k˙or/ <b\.Æ\.va.kho.r\>adj. rebellious.

b&0besvu& /b\nd˙.bes.vu~/<b\~.dh\.be.s\.vu~> v.intr. to be fitting.

bXvu& /b\Æ.vu~/ <b\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. to burn.

b&0ar8 /b\n.d˙a.r\¯/ <b\~.dha.r\.¯\>
neut. 1. constitution 2. construction.

bXvo /b\Æ.vo/ <b\.Æ\.vo> masc. revolt.
bXaTkar /b\.Æat.kar/ <b\.Æa.tka.r\> masc.
a rape.
biXya /b\.Æi.ja/ <b\.Æi.ja> masc. hon.
small-pox.
biXyu& /b\.Æi.ju~/ <b\.Æi.ju~> adj. strong.
bXev /b\.Æev/ <b\.Æe.v\> fem. a festival.
b&g6I /b\˜.gÎi/ <b\~.g\.Îii> fem. abangle.
b&6I /b\˜.Îi/ <b\~.Îii> fem. a waistcoat.

b&0ar8Iy /b\n.d˙a.r\.¯ij/<b\~.dha.r\.¯i.j\> adj. constitutional.
b&i0yar /b\n.d˙i.jar/ <b\~.dhi.ja.r\> adj.
1. unventilated, 2. stagnant.
b&0I /b\n.d˙i/ <b\~.dhii> fem.
prohibition.
b&0u /b\n.d˙u/ <b\~.dhu> masc. 1.
brother, 2. a co-worker.
b&ba`anu& /b\m.ba.k˙a.nu~/<b\~.ba.kha.nu~> neut. a fire-brigade
station.

b&dr /b\n.d\r/ <b\~.d\.r\> neut. 1. aport, 2. a harbor.

b&bavaXo /b\m.ba.va.Æo/ <b\~.ba.va.Æo>masc. a fireman.

b&dUk /b\n.duk/ <b\~.du.k\> fem. a gun.

b&bo /b\m.bo/ <b\~.bo> masc. a fireengine.

b&dUk6I /b\n.duk.Îi/ <b\~.du.k\.Îii> fem.
a small gun.
b&dobSt /b\n.do.b\s.t\/ <b\~.do.b\.st\>masc. arrangement.
b&0 /b\n.d˙\/ <b\~.dh\> adj. closed.
b&0 /b\n.d˙\/ <b\~.dh\> masc. a dam.
b&0n /b\n.d˙\n/ <b\~.dh\.n\> neut. 1.
prohibition, 2. captivity.

b&srI /b\ns.ri/ <b\~.s\.rii> fem. a flute.
b&sI /b\ns.ri/ <b\~.sii> fem. a flute.
ba /ba/ <ba> fem. mother.
ba: /ba.i/ <ba.ii> fem. a maid-servant.
bakI /ba.ki/ <ba.kii> adj. 1. residua, 2.
balance, 3. surplus, 4. wanting.

141
ba`6vu& /ba.k˙\Î.vu~/ <ba.kh\.Î\.vu~>
v.intr. to quarrel.

babaga6I /ba.ba.ga.Îi/ <ba.ba.ga.Îii>fem. a hand-driven vehicle for children.

bag /bag/ <ba.g\> masc. a garden.
ba3u& /ba.g˙u~/ <ba.ghu~> adj. idiotic.

babo /ba.bo/ <ba.bo> masc. 1. a son, 2.
a boy.

baj /baÔ/ <ba.Ô\> masc. a hawk.

bar /bar/ <ba.r\> adj. 1. twelve, 2. 12.

baj5 /ba.Ô\ˇ˙/ <ba.Ô\.ˇh\> masc. a footstool.

bar8u& /bar.¯u~/ <ba.r\.¯u~> neut. a door.
barmu& /bar.mu~/ <ba.r\.mu~> adj. twelfth.

bajrI /baÔ.ri/ <ba.Ô\.rii> fem. millet.
ba@ /ba.Ôi/ <ba.Ôii> fem. a game.
ba@gr /ba.Ôi.g\r/ <ba.Ôii.g\.r\> masc. a
juggler.
bazvu& /ba.Ô˙.vu~/ <ba.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. 1. toembrace, 2. to quarrel.

barmu& /bar.mu~/ <b\.r\.mu~> neut. a
religious rite performed on the twelfth
day after a person’s death.
bar= / bars /ba.r\ß, ba.r\s/<ba.r\.ß\/ ba.r\.s\> fem. twelfth dayof either of the fortnights.
barsa` /bar.sak˙/ fem. frame of a door.

ba4lI /baˇ.li/ <ba.ˇ\.lii> fem. a bottle.
ba8 /ba¯/ <ba.¯\> neut. an arrow.
ba8avXI /ba.¯a.v\.Æi/ <ba.¯a.v\.Æii>masc. an expert archer.

bara`6I /ba.ra.k˙\.Îi/ fem. a series ofsimple syllables organized in a particularorder.

batl /ba.t\l/ <ba.t\.l\> adj. cancelled.

baraxrI /ba.ra.kß\.ri/ fem. a series ofsimple syllables organized in a particularorder.

bap /bap/ <ba.p\> masc. father.

barI /ba.ri/ fem. a window.

bap6u& /bap.Îu~/ <ba.p\.Îu~> adj.
extremely helpless.

baru& /ba.ru~/ neut. an entrance.

bapdada /bap.da.da/ <ba.p\.da.da> masc.
pl. forefathers.
bafvu& /bap˙.vu~/ <ba.ph\.vu~> v.tr. tocook by boiling.
babt /ba.b\t/ <ba.b\.t\> fem. an issue.

barEya /ba.r\i.ja/ masc. a community sonamed.
baro4 /ba.roˇ/ masc. a community sonamed.
barobar /ba.ro.bar/ advb. directly.

142
baldI /bal.di/ fem. a bucket.

baXvu& /baÆ.vu~/ <ba.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to burn.

bav6u& /bav.Îu~/ neut. the upper arm.

ba&k6o /ba~k.Îo/ <ba~.k\.Îo> masc. abench.

bavn /ba.v\n/ adj. 1. fifty two, 2. 52.
bavlu& /bav.lu~/ neut. a statue.
bavX /ba.v\Æ/ masc. a kind of thornytree.

ba&0vu& /ba~d˙.vu~/ <ba~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. 1.totie 2. to wrap.
ba&0o /ba~.d˙o/ <ba~.dho> masc. aphysical construction.
ba&y /ba~j/ <ba~.j\> fem. a sleeve.

bavI /ba.vi/ fem. a female mendicant.
bavIs /ba.vis/ adj. twenty two, 22.

ba&y0rI /ba~j.d˙\.ri/ <ba~.j\.dh\.rii> fem.
security.

bavu& /ba.vu~/ neut. a cobweb.

ibcaru& /bi.ca.ru~/ <bi.ca.ru~> adj. poor.

bavo /ba.vo/ masc. a mendicant.

ib2anu& /bi.c˙a.nu~/ <bi.cha.nu~> neut. 1. abed. 2. a mattress.

bas5 /ba.s\ˇ˙/ adj. sixty six.
basmtI /bas.m\.ti/ masc. a kind of rice.
basUdI /ba.su.di/ fem. a kind of sweet.
baho= /ba.hoß/ adj. skilful.
baXk /ba.\k/ neut. a child.
baXp8 /baÆ.p\¯/ neut. a childhood.
baXpo9I /baÆ.po.t˙i/ <ba.Æ\.po.thii> fem.
a primer.
baXbo0 /baÆ.bod˙/ <ba.Æ\.bo.dh\> adj.
a variety of Devanagari script.
baXm&idr /baÆ.m\n.dir/ <ba.Æ\.m\~.di.r\>
neut. a nursery.
baXlGn /baÆ.l\g.n\/ <ba.Æ\.l\.gn\> neut.
a child-marriage.

bI2avvu& /bi.c˙av.vu~/ <bii.cha.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to spread.
ibnAnu-vI /bin.\.nu.b˙\.vi/<bi.n\.\.nu.bh\.vii> adj.
inexperienced.
ibnj£rI /bin.Ô\.ru.ri/ <bi.n\.Ô\.ruu.rii>
adj. unnecessary.
ibn=rtI /bin.ß\r.ti/ <bi.n\.ß\.r\.tii> adj.
unconditional.
iblkul /bil.kul/ <bi.l\.ku.l\> advb. 1.
wholly, 2. in the least.
ibla6I /bi.la.Îi/ <bi.la.Îii> fem. a cat(female).
ibla6o /bi.la.Îo/ <bi.la.Îo> masc. a cat(male).

143
ibLlo /bil.lo/ <bi.llo> masc. 1. a badge,
2. a medal.

bIbI /bi.bi/ <bii.bii> fem. wife (mainlyin Muslim dialect).

ibv6avvu& /biv.Îav.vu~/ <bi.v\.Îa.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to frighten.

bIbu& /bi.bu~/ <bii.bu~> neut. 1. a die, 2. aprinting block.

ibham8u& /bi.ha.m\¯u~/ <bi.ha.m\.¯u~>adj. frightful.

bI-Ts /bi.b˙\t.s\/ <bi.bh\.ts\> adj.
disgusting.

ib&dI /bin.di/ <bi~.dii> fem. an
ornamental dot on the forehead.

bImar /bi.mar/ <bi.ma.r\> adj. sickib&du /bin.du/ <bi~.du> neut. a drop.

bImarI /bi.ma.ri/ <bi.ma.rii> fem.
sickness.

ib&b /bimb/ <bi~.b\> neut. a reflection.

bIvu& /bi.vu~/ <bii.vu~> v.intr. to fear.

bI /bi/ <bii> neut. a seed.

bu5\5u& /buˇ˙.ˇ˙u~/ <bu.ˇhˇhu~> adj. blunt.

bIk /bik/ <bii.k\> fem. fear.

bu69l /buŒ.t˙\l/ <bu.Î\.th\.l\> adj.
idiotic.

bIcaru& /bi.ca.ru~/ <bii.ca.ru~> adj. 1. poor,
2. helpless.

bu6vu& /buÎ.vu~/ <bu.Î\.vu~> v.intr. 1. tosink, 2. to drownbIj /biÔ/ <bii.Ô\> neut. a seed.
bIj /biÔ/ <bii.Ô\> fem. a second day ofeither of the fortnight of a lunar month.
bIjvr /biÔ.v\r/ <bii.Ô\.v\.r\> masc. a
man marrying for the seond time.
bIju& /bi.Ôu~/ <bii.Ôu~> adj. 1. second, 2.
another.
bI6vu& /biÎ.vu~/ <bii.Î\.vu~> v.tr. 1. toclose (envelop etc.), 2. to wrap.
bI6I /bi.Îi/ <bii.Îii> fem. a kind ofcigar.
bIna /bi.na/ <bii.na> fem. . fact.

bui)0 /bud˙.d˙i/ <bu.dhdhi> fem.
intelligence.
bu0var /bud˙.var/ <bu.dh\.va.r\> masc.
Wednesday.
bumra8 /bum.ra¯/ <bu.m\.ra.¯\> fem.
loud shouts.
bur`o /bur.k˙o/ <bu.r\.kho> masc. amask.
bulbul /bul.bul/ <bu.l\.bu.l\> neut. anightingale.
bul&d /bu.l\nd/ <bu.l\~.d\> adj. 1.
grand, 2. loud and deep sound.
bu&d /bund/ <bu~.d\> neut. a drop.

144
be5k /be.ˇ˙\k/ <be.ˇh\.k\> fem. a seat.
bU /bu:/ <buu> fem. odor.
bUc /buc/ <buu.c\> masc. a cork.

be5a6u& /be.ˇ˙a.Îu~/ <be.ˇha.Îu~> adj.
inactive (life).

bUcu& /bu.cu~/ <buu.cu~> adj. a flat-nosed.

be6I /be.Îi/ <be.Îii> fem. shackles.

bU4 /buˇ/ <buu.ˇ\> fem. ear-lobe.

be6u& /be.Îu~/ <be.Îu~> neut. a pair ofwater-pot.

bUm /bum/ <buu.m\> fem. a shout.
bUmlu& /bum.lu~/ <buu.m\.lu~> neut. akind of fish.
be /be/ <be> adj. two.
beAab£ /be.ab.ru/ <be.a.b\.ruu> fem.
disgrace.
be:man /be.i.man/ <be.ii.ma.n\> adj.
dishonest.
bew /beu/ <be.u~> adj. both.
bekI /be.ki/ <be.kii> adj. an evennumber.
be`br /be.k˙\.b\r/ <be.kh\.b\.r\> adj.
ignorant.
begm /be.g\m/ <be.g\.m\> fem. aqueen (Muslim).

be6oX /be.ÎoÆ/ <be.Îo.Æ\> adj.
misshaped.
be7&gu& /be.Î˙\˜.gu~/ <be.Îh\~.gu~> adj.
disorderly.
betaXa& /be.ta.Æa~/ <be.ta.Æa~> masc. pl.
dimness of the eyes acquired around theage of 42.
betaXIs /be.ta.Æis/ <be.ta.Æii.s\> adj.
forty-two.
bedrkar /be.d\r.kar/ <be.d\.r\.ka.r\>adj. careless.
be06k /be.d˙\.Î\k/ <be.dh\.Î\.k\>advb. fearlessly.
be0aru& /be.d˙a.ru~/ <b\.dha.ru~> adj.
double-edged.

becen /be.cen/ <be.ce.n\> adj. restless.

be)yan /be.d˙jan/ <be.dhj.n\> adj.
inattentive.

becenI /be.ce.ni/ <be.ce.nii> fem.
restlessness.

benmUn /ben.mun/ <be.n\.muu.n\> adj.
unparalleled.

be4 /beˇ/ <be.ˇ\> masc. an island.
be4I /be.ˇi/ <be.ˇii> fem. a daughter.

bepgu& /be.p\.gu~/ <be.p\.gu~> adj. biped.

be4o /be.ˇo/ <be.ˇo> masc. a son.

bebakXu& /be.bak.Æu~/ <be.ba.k\.Æu~> adj.
perplexed.

145
be-an /be.b˙an/ <be.bha.n\> adj.
unconscious.

bErI /b\i.ri/ <b\i.rii> fem. wife (now aderogatory word, particularly in urban
and educated class).

berojgar /be.roÔ.gar/ <be.ro.Ô\.ga.r\>adj. unemployed.

bo`u& /bo.k˙u~/ <bo.khu~> adj. toothless.

bel6I /bel.Îi/ <be.l\.Îii> adj. a pair (oftwo persons).

bogdu& /bog.du~/ <bo.g\.du~> neut. atunnel.

bevkUf /bev.kup˙/ <be.v\.ku.ph\> adj.
stupid.

bocI /bo.ci/ <bo.cii> fem. the neck.

bev6 /be.v\Î/ <be.v\.Î\> adj. folded.

boj /boÔ/ <bo.Ô\> masc. 1. burden 2.
weight.

be=k /be.ß\k/ <be.ß\.k\> advb.
undoubtedly.

bo6vu& /boÎ.vu~/ <bo.Î\.vu~> v.tr. toshave the head entirely.

be=rm /be.ß\.r\m/ <be.ß\.r\.m\> adj.
shameless.

bo6u& /bo.Îu~/ <bo.Îu~> adj. a shaved off
head.

be=u)0 /be.ßudd˙/ <be.ßu.dhdh\> adj.
swooned.

bo8I /bo.¯i/ <bo.¯ii> fem. the first
cash-sale of the day.

be=umar /beßu.mar/ <be.ßu.ma.r\> adj.
limitless.

bodu& /bo.du~/ <bo.du~> adj. dull.
bo0 /bod˙/ <bo.dh\> masc. sermon.

bes8u& /bes.¯u~/ <be.s\.¯u~> neut. amourning ritual.

bor /bor/ <bo.r\> neut. a kind of berry.

besvu& /bes.vu~/ <be.s\.vu~> v.intr. to sit.

bol /bol/ <bo.l\> masc. a speech.

besvu& /bes.vu~/ <be.s\.vu~> v.intr. tobegin (of a month, a year or a seasonetc.). Ex. mne gya mihne p&drmu& vrs be5u&.

bolvu& /bol.vu~/ <bo.l\.vu~> v.intr. to
speak.

beSvad /be.svad/ <be.sva.d\> adj.
tasteless.
behal /be.hal/ <be.ha.l\> adj. ruined.
behUdI /be.hu.di/ <be.huu.dii> adj.
irrational.

bolacalI /bo.la.ca.li/ <bo.la.ca.lii> fem.
a verbal quarrel.
bolI /bo.li/ <bo.lii> fem. a dialect.
bovu& /bo.vu~/ <bo.vu~> v.tr. to sow.

146
boXvu& /boÆ.vu~/ <bo.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to dip,
2. to soak.

-c6vu& /b˙\.c\Î.vu~/ <bh\.c\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
to eat recklessly.

Bya=I /bja.ßi/ <bja.ßii> adj. eighty two.

-jn /b˙\.Ô\n/ <b\.Ô\.n\> neut.
1. devotional song, 2. hymnb/a−8 /brah.m\¯/ <bra.hm\.¯\> masc.
Brahmin.

-kt /b˙\k.t\/ <bh\.kt\> masc.
worshiper (male)-kta8I /b˙\k.ta.¯i/ <bh\.kta.¯ii> fem.
1. worshiper (female), 2. wife of aworshiper.
-ikt /b˙\k.ti/ <bh\.kti> fem. devotion.
-gt /b˙\.g\t/ <bh\.g\.t\> masc.
worshiper (male)-gta8I /b˙\g.ta.¯i/ <bh\.g\.ta.¯ii> fem.
1. worshiper (female), 2. wife of aworshiper.
-gvtI /bg.v\.ti/ <bh\.g\.v\.tii> adj.
divine.
-gvan /b+\g.van/ <bh\.g\.va.n\>masc. god.
-gvu& /b˙\g.vu~/ <bh\.g\.vu~> adj.
reddish.
-ignI /b.gi.ni/ <bh\.gi.nii> fem. sister.
-gIr9 /b.gi.r\t˙/ <bh\.dii.r\.th\> adj.
extremely difficult.
-Gn /b˙\g.n\/ <bh\.gn\> adj. broken.

-jvvu& /b˙\.Ô\v.vu~/ <bh\.Ô\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to perform (a play etc.)-jvu& /b˙\Ô.vu~/ <bh\.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. 1. toworship through singing, 2. to recite.
-ijyu& /b˙\.Ôi.ju~/ <bp\.ji.yu~> neut. a kindof fried food made of gram flour.
-4kvu& /b˙\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <bh\.Ôi.ju~> v.intr. toroam.
-4kavu& /b˙\ˇ.ka.vu~/ <bh\.ˇ\.ka.vu~>
v.intr. to collide.
-4Uiryu& /b˙\.tu.ri.ju~/ <bh\.ˇuu.ri.ju~>
neut. puppy.
-4\4 /bh\ˇ.ˇ\/ <bh\.tt\> masc. asurname.
-i5yar`anu& /b˙\.ˇ˙i.jar.kha.nu~/<bh\.ˇhi.ja.r\.kha.nu~> neut. abakery.
-5\5I /b˙\ˇ˙.ˇ˙i/ <bh\.ˇhˇhii> fem. 1. anoven, 2. a furnace, 3. a kiln.
-6 /b˙\Î/ <bh\.Î\> adj. brave(person).
-6vIr /b˙\Î.vir/ <bh\.Î\.vii.r\> adj.
brave
-6kI /b˙\Î.ki/ <bh\.Î\.kii> fem.
porridge.

147-6ko /b˙Î.ko/ <bh\.Î\.ko> masc. a big
flame.

-mrI /b˙\m.ri/ <bh\.m\.rii> fem. awasp (female).

-6ako /b˙\.Îa.ko/ <bh\.Îa.ko> masc.
an explosive sound.

-mro /b˙\m.ro/ <bh\.m\.ro> fem. awasp (male).

-8kar /b˙\¯.kar/ <bh\.¯\.ka.r\> masc.
a sound indicating a future event.

-mvu& /b˙\m.vu~/ <bh\.m\.vu~> v.intr. 1.
to rotate, 2. to wander.

-8tr /b˙\¯.t\r/ <bh\.¯\.t\.r\> neut.
education.

-Mmr /b˙\m.m\r/ <bh\.mm\.r\> fem.
the eyebrow.

-8vu& /b˙\¯.vu~/ <bh\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. to
study.

-y&kr /b˙\.jan.k\r/ <bh\.j\~.k\.r\> adj.
frightful.

-8I /b˙\.¯i/ postp. towards.

-yank /b˙\.ja.n\k/ <bh\.ja.n\.k\> adj.
frightful.

-{aI@ /b˙\t.ri.Ôi/ <bh\.trii.Ôii> fem. aniece.
-± /b˙\d.r\/ <bh\.dr\> adj.
auspicious.
-pko /b˙\p.ko/ <bh\.p\.ko> masc. 1. a
grand appearance, 2. a grand show.
--k /b˙\.b˙\k/ <bh\.bh\.k\> fem.
luster.

-r6vu& /b˙\.r\Î.vu~/ <bh\.r\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
to grind.
-rt /b˙\.r\t/ <bh\.r\.t\> neut.
embroidery.
-rtgU&98 /b˙\.r\t gu~.t˙\¯/<bh\.r\.t\.gu~.th\.Î\> neut.
embroidery.
-rtI /b˙\r.ti/ <bh\.r\.tii> fem. tide.

-ravvu& /b˙\b˙.rav.vu~/<bh\.bh\.ra.v\.vu~> v.tr. to sprinkle
powder.

-rpUr /b˙\r.pur/ <bh\.r\.puu.r\> adj.
abundant.

--Ukvu& /b˙\.b˙uk.vu~/ <bh\.bhuu.k\.vu~>
v.intr. to blaze suddenly.

-r-a&`Xu& /b˙\r.b˙a~k˙.Æu~/<bh\.r\.bha~.kh\.Æu~> neut. the dawn.

--Ut /b˙\.b˙ut/ <bh\.bhuu.t\> fem.
ashes.

-rm /b˙\.r\m/ <bh\.r\.m\> masc.
illusion.

--UtI /b˙\.b˙u.ti/ <bh\.bhuu.tii> fem.
ashes.

-rmavu& /b˙\r.ma.vu~/ <bh\.r\.ma.vu~>
v.intr. to be deceived.

148-rvvu& /b˙\.r\v.vu~/ <bh\.r\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to hang.
-rva6 /b˙\r.vaÎ/ <bh\.r\.va.Î\> masc.
a shepherd.

-va6o /b˙\.va.Îo/ <bh\.va.Îo> masc.
fiasco.
-vanI /b˙\.va.ni/ <bh\.va.nii> fem. thegoddess Parvati.

-rvu& /b˙\r.vu~/ <bh\.r\.vu~> v.tr. to fill.
-rvu& /b˙\r.vu~/ <bh\.r\.vu~> v.tr. tomeasure.
-raw /b˙\.ra.u/ <bh\.ra.u> adj. 1.
plump, 2. chubby.
-rosapa{a /b˙\.ro.sa.pat.r\/<bh\.r\.sa.pa.tr\> adj. trustworthy.
-roso /b˙\.ro.so/ <bh\.ro.so> masc.
trust.
-yuR&-adyuR& /b˙\.rju~.b˙ad.rju~/ adj.
prosperous.

-vayo /b˙\.va.jo/ <bh\.va.jo> masc. theactor of a -va: - a folk-drama.
-ivQy /b˙\.viß.j\/ <bh\.vi.s°j\> neut.
future.
-vu& /b˙\.vu~/ <bh\.vu~> neut. theeyebrow.
-vo-v /b˙\.vo.b˙\v/ <bh\.vo.bh\.v\>advb. in each birth.
-Vy /b˙\.vj\/ <bh\.vj\> adj. grand.
-svu& /b˙\s.vu~/ <bh\.s\.vu~> v.intr. tobrak.

-lmnsa: /b˙\l.m\n.sai/<bh\.l\.m\.n\.sa.ii> fem. goodness.

-Xtu& /b˙\Æ.tu~/ <bh\.Æ\.tu~> adj. similar.

-la: /b˙\.la.i/ <bh\.la.ii> fem. 1.
goodness, 2. gentleness.

-Xvu& /b˙\Æ.vu~/ <bh\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. to
mix with.

-lam8 /b˙\.la.m\¯/ <bh\.la.m\.¯\>
fem. recommendation.

-&ga8 /b˙\˜.ga¯/ <bh\~.ga.¯\> neut. a
break.

-lu& /b˙\.lu~/ <bh\.lu~> adj. good.

-&gar /b˙\˜.gar/ <bh\~.ga.r\> masc.
scrap.

-le /b˙\le/ <bh\.le> advb. well.
-v /b˙\v/ <bh\.v\> masc. life.

-&6ar /b˙\¯.Îar/ <bh\~.Îa.r\> masc. 1. agranary 2. a store-house.

-vn /b˙\.v\n/ <bh\.v\.n\> neut. a big
house.

-&6aro /b˙\¯.Îa.ro/ <bh\~.Îa.ro> masc. acollective dinner for community given as
a part of social custom or religious ritual.

-va: /b˙\.va.i/ <bh\.va.ii> fem. 1. afolk-drama, 2. fiasco.

-&6oX /b˙\¯.Îo/ <bh\~.Îa.ro> neut.
fund.

149

-&-ervu& /b˙\m.b˙er.vu~/ <bh\~.bhe.r\.vu~>
v.tr. to incite.

-aGyu&tU4yu& /b˙a.gju~.tu.ˇju~/ <bha.gju~.tu.ˇju~>
adj. broken.
-aGye /\b˙ag.je/ <bha.gje> advb. rarely.

-a /b˙a/ <bha> masc. an honorable
term used for elders.
-a: /b˙a.i/ <bha.ii> masc. brother.
-a:caro /b˙a.i.ca.ro/ <bha.ii.ca.ro>masc. brotherhood.
-a:b&0I /b˙a.i.b\n.di/ <bha.ii.b\~.dhii>
fem. friendship.
-a:-a&6u /b˙a.i.b˙a~¯.Îu/ <bha.ii.bha~.Îu>masc. pl. brothers and sisters of the same
presents.
-a`rI /b˙ak˙.ri/ <bha.kh\.rii> fem. akind of bread.
-ag /b˙ag/ <bha.g\> masc. 1. share, 2.
part.
-agvu& /b˙ag.vu~/ <bha.g\.vu~> v.intr. to
run away.
-agakar /b˙a.ga.kar/ <bha.ga.ka.r\>masc. division (in maths).
-agIdar /b˙a.gi.dar/ <bha.gii.da.r\>masc. partner (normally in business).
-agIdarI /b˙a.gi.da.ri/ <bha.gii.da.rii>
fem. partnership.
-agoX /b˙a.goÆ/ <bha.go.Æ\> fem. an
outskirt of a village/ a small town.
-aGy /b˙ag.j\/ <bha.gj\> neut. 1.fate, 2.
destiny.

-a@ /b˙a.Ôi/ <bha.Ôii> fem. vegetables(leafy).
-a@mUXa /b˙a.Ôi.mu.Æa/ <bha.Ôii.muu.Æa>masc. pl. an insignificant person orthing.
-a4 /b˙aˇ/ <bha.ˇ\> masc. a bard.
-a4a: /b˙a.ˇa.i/ <bha.ˇa.ii> fem. 1. thefunction of a bard, 2. excessive flattery.
-ai4yo /b˙a.ˇi.jo/ <bha.ˇi.jo> masc. acommunity so-named.
-a6u& /b˙a.Îu~/ <bha.Îu~> neut. 1. rent, 2.
fair, 3. freight.
-a6Ut /b˙a.Îut/ <bha.Îu.t\> masc. atenant.
-a8aVyvhar /b˙a.¯a.vj\v.har/<bha.¯a.vj\.v\.ha.r\> masc. relation
permitting joint meals.
-ai8yo /b˙a.¯i.jo/ <bha.¯i.jo> masc. asister’s son.
-a8I /b˙a.¯i/ <bha.¯ii> fem. a sister’sdaughter.
-a8u& /b˙a.¯u~/ <bha.¯u~> neut. a dishserved.
-a8ej /b˙a.¯eÔ/ <bha.¯e.Ô\> masc. asister’s son.

150
-a8o /b˙a.¯o/ <bha.¯o> masc. a sister’sson.

-avvu& /b˙av.vu~/ <bha.v\.vu~> v.exp. tolike in taste.

-at /b˙at/ <bha.t\> fem. design.
-at /b˙at/ <bha.t\> masc. pl. cookedrice.
-adrvo /b˙a.d\r.vo/ <ba.d\.r\.vo> masc.
eleventh month of the Vikram year.
-an /b˙an/ <bha.n\> neut.
consciousness.
-a-I /b˙a.b˙i/ <bha.bhii> fem. abrother’s wife.
-ar /b˙ar/ <bha.r\> masc. 1. weight, 2.
burden.
-ar8 /b˙a.r\¯/ <bha.r\.¯\> neut. 1.
weight, 2. burden.
-art /b˙a.r\t/ <bha.r\.t\> neut. India.
-artIy /b˙ar.ti.j\/ <bha.r\.tii.j\> adj.
Indian.

-ava9R /b˙a.var.t˙\/ <bha.va.rth\> masc.
implied meaning.
-aiv /b˙a.vi/ <bha.vi> neut. 1. future, 2.
fate.
-aivk /b˙a.vik/ <bha.vi.k\> adj.
emotional.
-aq8 /b˙a.ß\¯/ <bha.s°\.¯\> neut. 1. aspeech, 2.a lecture, 3. a discourse.
-aqa /b˙a.ßa/ <bha.s°a> fem. language.
-aqa&tr /b˙a.ßa~n.t\r/ <bha.s°a~.t\.r\> neut.
translation.
-aqa&trkar /b˙a.ßa~n.t\r.kar/<bha.s°a~.t\.r\.ka.r\> masc. translator.
-aQy /b˙aß.j\/ <bha.s°j\> neut.
commentary.
-as /b˙as/ <bha.s\> masc. an illusion.

-are /b˙a.re/ <bha.re> adj. 1. heavy, 2.
weighty.
-aro /b˙a.ro/ <bha.ro> masc. a bundleof grass or wood.
-alo6u& /b˙a.lo.Îu~/ <bha.lo.Îu~> neut. anarrow.
-av /b˙av/ <bha.v\> masc. rate.
-av /b˙av/ <bha.v\> masc. feeling.
-avna /b˙av.na/ <bha.v\.na> fem. 1.
desire 2. sentiment.

-aX /b˙aÆ/ <bha.Æ\> fem. whereabouts.
-aXvu& /b˙aÆ.vu~/ <bha.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to see.
-a&g /b˙a~˜.g\/ <bha~.g\> fem. 1. hemp,
2. a drink containing hemp.
-a&gfo6 /b˙a~g.p˙oÎ/ <bha~.g\.pho.Î\>fem. breakage.
-a&gro /b˙a~˜g.ro/ <bha~.g\.ro> masc. akind of herb.

151-a&gvu& /b˙a~g.vu~/ <bha~.g\.vu~> v.tr. to
break.

-I&g6u& /b˙i~g.Îu~/ <bhii~.g\.Îu~> neut. 1. adead skin, 2. a scale.

-a&jg6 /b˙a~Ô.g\Î/ <bha~.Ô\.g\.Î\> fem.
1. negotiations, 2. quarrel.

-I&jvvu& /b˙i~.Ô\v.vu~/ <bhii.Ô\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to soak.

-a&jg6Iyu& /b˙a~Ô.g\.Îi.ju~/<bha~.Ô\.g\.Îii.ju~> adj. 1. quarrelsome,
2. negotiator.

-I&6o /b˙i¯.Îo/ <bhi.Îo> masc. okra.

-a&6vu& /b˙a~¯Î.vu~/ <bha~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. torevile.

-Ulk8u& /b˙u.l\k.¯u~/ adj. absent-minded.

-a&-rvu& /b˙a~.b˙\r.vu~/ <bha~.bh\.r\.vu~>
v.intr. to bellow.
i-`ar8 /b˙i.k˙a.r\¯/ <bhi.kha.r\.¯\>
fem. a female beggar.
i-`arI /b˙i.k˙a.ri/ <bhi.kha.rii> masc. amale beggar.

-I&t /b˙i~t/ <bhi~.t\> fem. a wall.

-Ul-ulam8I /b˙ul.b˙u.lam.¯i/<bhu.l\.bhu.la.m\.¯ii> fem. alabyrinth.
-USko /b˙us.ko/ <bhuu.sko> masc. ajump downward.
-Uk&p /b˙u.k\mp/ <bhuu.k\~.p\> masc.
an earthquake.

i-Nn /b˙in.n\/ <bhi.nn\> adj. different.

-UkI /b˙u.ki/ <bhuu.kii> fem. fine
powder.

-I` /b˙ik˙/ <bhii.kh\> fem. begging.

-Uko /b˙u.ko/ <bhuu.ko> masc. powder.

-I6 /b˙iÎ/ <bhii.Î\> fem. crowdedness.

-U` /b˙uk˙/ <bhuu.kh\> fem. hunger.

-I6vu& /b˙iÎ.vu~/ <bhii.Î\.vu~> v.tr. 1. toshut up, 2. to fasten.

-U`ru& /b˙uk˙.ru/ <bhuu.kh\.ru~> adj.
grey.

-Itr /b˙i.t\r/ <bhii.t\.r\> neut. within.

-U~yu& /b˙u.k˙ju~/ <bhuu.khju~> adj.
hungry.

-Ina= /b˙i.naß/ <bhii.na.ß\> fem.
moisture.
-Inu& /b˙i.nu~/ <bhii.nu~> adj. 1.wet, 2.
soaked, 3. moist.
-Il /b˙il/ <bhii.l\> masc. a community
so named.

-UgoX /b˙u.goÆ/ <bhu.go.Æ\> fem.
geography.
-Ucr /b˙u.c\r/ <bhu.c\.r\> adj.
terrestrial.
-Ut /b˙ut/ <bhuu.t\> neut. a ghost.

152-UtavX /b˙u.ta.v\Æ/ <bhuu.ta.v\.Æ\> fem.
a group of ghosts.

-U&kvu& /b˙u~k.vu~/ <bhu~.k\.vu~> v.intr. tobray.

-Udev /b˙u.dev/ <bhuu.de.v\> masc. a
Brahman.

-U&gX /b˙u˜.g\/ <bhu~.g\.Æ\> fem. along-tube like trumpet.

-Uim /b˙u.mi/ <bhuu.mi> fem. land.

-U&gXI /b˙u~˜.g\.Æi/ <bhu~.g\.Æii> fem. asmall pipe or a small tube.

-Uimka /b˙u.mi.ka/ <bhuu.mi.ka> fem.
an introduction.
-Uimit /b˙u.mi.ti/ <bhuu.mi.ti> fem.
geometry.

-U&gXu& /b˙u~˜.g\.Æu~/ <bhu~.g\.Æu~> neut. a
big pipe or a big tube.
-U&jvu& /b˙u~Ô.vu~/ <bhu~.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. toroast.

-Uimdah /b˙u.mi.dah/ <bhuu.mi.da.h\>masc. burial.

-U&6 /b˙u¯Î/ <bhuu~.Î\> neut. a pig.

-UrkI /b˙ur.ki/ <bhuu.r\.kii> fem. aspell.

-U&6a: /b˙u¯.Îai/ <bbhuu~.Îa.ii> fem.
wickedness.

-Uiryu& /b˙u.ri.ju~/ <bhuu.ri.ju~> adj.
bluish.

-U&6u& /b˙u¯.Îu~/ <bhuu.Îu~> adj. wicked.

-Uru& /b˙u.ru~/ <bhuu.ru~> adj. blue.
-Ul /b˙ul/ <bhuu.l\> fem. 1. mistake, 2.
error.
-Ulvu& /b˙ul.vu~/ <bhuu.l\.vu~> v.intr. toforget.

-U&svu& /b˙u~s.vu~/ <bhuu~.s\.vu~> v.tr. toerase.
-eg /b˙eg/ <bhe.g\> masc. admixture.
-egu& /b˙e.gu~/ <bhe.g\> adj. 1. mixed, 2.
collected.
-ej /b˙eÔ/ <bhe.Ô\> masc. humidity.

-Ulu& /b˙u.lu~/ <bhuu.lu~> adj. astray.
-Uvo /b˙u.vo/ <bhuu.vo> masc. a
remover of ghosts.

-eju& /b˙e.Ôu~/ <bhe.Ôu~> neut. 1.the brain,
2. intellect.
-e4 /b˙eˇ/ <bhe.ˇ\> fem. a meeting.

-Usko /b˙us.ko/ <bhuu.s\.ko> masc. ajump downward.

-e4 /b˙eˇ/ <bhe.ˇ\> fem. a gift.

-UStrivd\ya /b˙us.t\r.vi.dja/<bhuu.st\.r\.vi.dja> fem. geology.

-e4vu& /b˙eˇ.vu~/ <bhe.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. toembrace.
-e4o /b˙e.ˇo/ <bhe.ˇo> masc. a meeting.

153-ed /b˙ed/ <bhe.d\> masc. difference.

-ogvvu& /b˙o.g\v.vu~/ <bho.g\.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to enjoy (the ownership,possession).

-ed /b˙ed/ <bhe.d\> masc. mystery.
-ed-av /b˙ed.b˙av/ <bhe.d\.bha.v\>
masc. discrimination.
-edvu& /b˙ed.vu~/ <bhe.d\.vu~> v.tr. 1. topierce, 2. to thurst.
-edI /b˙e.di/ <bhe.dii> adj. mysterious.

-ogivlas /b˙og.vi.las/ <bho.g.vi.la.\s>masc. luxury.
-ogI /b˙o.gi/ <bho.gii> adj. a person
who enjoys or suffers.
-oGy /b˙og.j\/ <bho.gj\> adj. worth
enjoying.

-edu /b˙e.du/ <bhe.du> masc. mystic.

-ojn /b˙o.Ô\n/ <bho.Ô\.n\> neut. amean (formal).

-ervvu& /b˙e.r\v.vu~/ <bhe.r\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to hang.

-o4 /b˙oˇ/ <bho.ˇ\> adj. idiotic.

-eX /b˙eÆ/ <bhe.Æ\> fem. a mixture.

-o4vo /b˙oˇ.vo/ <bho.ˇ\.vo> masc. an
earthen jug.

-eXvvu& /b˙e.Æ\v.vu~/ <bhe.Æ\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to mix.
-eXseX /b˙eÆ.seÆ/ <bhe.Æ\.se.Æ\> fem.
adulteration.

-omyo /b˙o.mi.jo/ <bho.mi.jo> masc. a
guide.
-oir&g /b˙o.ri˜g/ <bho.ri~.g\> masc. a
big serpent.

-eXseXIyu& /b˙eÆ.se.Æi.ju~/ <bhe.Æ\.se.Æii.ju~>
adj. 1. adulterated, 2. miscellaneous.

-olu& /b˙o.lu~/ <bho.lu~> neut. a monkey.

-e&= ~ -e&s /b˙´~s ~ b˙´~ß/ <bhe~.ß\ ~ bhe~.s\>fem. a buffalo.

-oXvvu& /b˙o.Æ\v.vu~/ <bho.Æ\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to cheat.

-o: /b˙o.i/ <bho.ii> masc. a community
so named.

-oXu& /b˙o.Æu~/ <bho.Æu~> adj. a simplehearted.

-og /b˙og/ <bho.g\> masc. 1. asacrifice, 2. an offering to the god.

-o&kvu& /b˙ø~k.vu~/ <bho.k\.vu~> v.tr. 1. topierce, 2. to bore.

-ogv4o /b˙og.v\.ˇo/ <bho.g\.v\.ˇo>masc. ownership.

-o&5p /b˙ø~.ˇ˙\p/ <bho.ˇh\.p\> fem.
crestfallen.
-o&5u& /b˙ø~.ˇ˙u~/ <bho.ˇhu~> adj.
crestfallen.

154-o&y /b˙ø~j/ <bho.\> fem. 1. land, 2.
ground.

mk\km /m\k.k\m/ <m\.kk\.m\> adj.
firm.

-o&ytXIyu& /b˙ø~j.t\.Æi.ju~/ <bho.j\.t\.Æi.ju~>
neut. a ground-floor.

m`ml /m\k˙.m\l/ <m\.kh\.m\.l\>neut. velvet.

-o&yru& /b˙ø~j.ru~/ <bho.j\.ru~> neut. atunnel.

m~`IcUs /m\k˙.k˙i.cus/<m\.khkhii.cuu.s\> adj. extremely
miser.

-Ogoilk /b˙\u.go.lik/ <bh\u.go.li.k\>
adj. geographical.
-Oitk /b˙\u.tik/ <bh\.ti.k\> adj. 1.
physical, 2. materialistic, 3. mundane.
-/m /b˙r\m/ <bhr\.m\> masc. illusion.
-/Q4 /b˙r\ß.ˇ\/ <bhr\.s°ˇ\> neut. 1.
polluted, 2. degenerated.
-/Q4acar /b˙r\ß.ˇa.car/ <bhr\.s°ˇa.ca.r\>masc. corruption.
-/amk /b˙ra.m\k/ <bhra.m\.k\> adj.
deceptive.

mg /m\g/ <m\.g\> masc. pl. a kind of
pulse.
mgj /m\.g\Ô/ <m\.g\.Ô\> neut. thebrain.
mgj /m\.g\Ô/ <m\.g\.Ô\> masc. a kindof sweet.
mgtru& /m\.g\t.ru~/ <m\.g\.t\.ru~> neut.
a mosquito.
mgfXI /m\g.p˙\.Æi/ <m\.g\.ph\.Æii>fem. groundnut.

-/a&it /b˙ra~n.ti/ <bra~.ti> fem. illusion.

mgr /m\.g\r/ <m\.g\.r\> masc.
alligator.

-<8 /b˙ru¯/ <br≤u.¯\> masc. an
undeveloped embryo.

mck /m\.c\k/ <m\.c\.k\> fem. givingin.

m
mkr /m\.k\r ra.ßi/ <m\.k\.r\> fem. theCapricorn, the tenth sign of the zodiac.

mcko6 /m\c.koÎ/ <m\.c\.ko.Î\> fem.
muscle stratch.
mc6vu& /m\.c\Î.vu~/ <m\.c\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
to twist.

mka: /m\.ka.i/ <m\.ka.ii> fem. maize.

mC2r /m\c.c˙\r/ <m\.cch\.r\> neut. a
mosquito.

mkan /m\.kan/ <m\.ka.n\> neut. ahouse.

m2vo /m\c˙.vo/ <m\.ch\.vo> masc. asmall boat.

155
mjnU /m\Ô.nu/ <m\.Ô\.nuu> adj.
lovelorn.

m5o /m\.ˇ˙o/ <m\.ˇho> masc. a foodmade of yogurt.

mjbUt /m\Ô.but/ <m\.Ô\.buu.t\> adj.
strong.

m6du& /m\Î.du~/ <m\.Î\.du~> neut. adead body.

mjbUtI /m\Ô.bu.ti/ <m\.Ô\.buu.tii> fem.
strength.

m6aga&5 /m\.Îa.ga~ˇ˙/ <m\.Îa.ga~.ˇh\>fem. a deadlock.

mjbUr /m\Ô.bur/ <m\.Ô\.buu.r\> adj.
helpless.

m7vu& /m\Î˙.vu~/ <m\.Îh\.vu~> v.tr. toframe (a photo for example).

mjbUrI /m\Ô.bu.ri/ <m\.Ô\.buu.rii> fem.
helplessness.

mi8 /m\.¯i/ <m\.¯i> masc. a gem.

mja /m\.Ôa/ <m\.Ôa> fem. pleasant.

mi8yar /m\.¯i.jar/ <m\.¯i.ja.r\> masc.
a professional bangle-maker.

mjUr /m\.Ôur/ <m\.Ôuu.r\> masc. alabor.

mt /m\t/ <m\.t\> masc. 1. an opinion,
2. a vote.

mjUs /m\.Ôus/ <m\.Ôuu.s\> masc. a big
wooden box carving on it.

mtdar /m\t.dar/ <m\.t\.da.r\> masc. a
voter.

mjja /m\Ô.Ôa/ <m\.ÔÔa> fem. themarrow of bone.

mtp{a /m\t.p\t.r\/ <m\.t\.p\.tr\> neut.
a voting paper.

m4ku& /m\ˇ.ku~/ <m\.ˇ\.ku~> neut. a wink.

mt-ed /m\t.b˙ed/ <m\.t\.bhe.d\> masc.
difference of opinion.

m4m4avvu& /m\ˇ.m\.ˇav.vu~/<m\.ˇ\.m\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. to wink.
m4vu& /m\ˇ.vu~/ <m\.ˇ\.vu~> v.exp. to be
cured.
m5 /m\ˇ˙/ <m\.ˇh\> masc. pl. a kind of
pulse.
m5 /m\ˇ˙/ <m\.ˇh\> masc. a monastery.
m5arvu& /m\.ˇ˙ar.vu~/ <m\.ˇha.r\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to repair, 2. to fix error in a writing.

mtlb /m\t.l\b/ <m\.t\.l\.b\> fem. 1.
purpose, 2. intention.
mtlibyu& /m\t.l\b.i.ju~/ <m\.t\.l\.bi.ju~>
adj. selfish.
mtai0kar /m\.ta.d˙i.kar/<m\.ta.dhi.ka.r\> masc. the right tovote.
mit /m\.ti/ <m\.ti> fem. intellect.
mtu& /m\.tu~/ <m\.tu~> neut. signature.

156
m9vu& /m\t˙.vu~/ <m\.th\.vu~> v.intr. tochurn.

mna: /m\.nai/ <m\.na.ii> fem. 1.
prohibition, 2. forbidding.

m9am8 /m\.t˙a.m\¯/ <m\.tha.m\.¯\>
fem. hard work.

mnam8u& /m\.nam.¯u~/ <m\.na.m\.¯u~>neut. reconciliation.

m9aXu& /m\.t˙a.Æu~/ <m\.tha.Æu~> neut. 1. aheading, 2. a top.

mnavvu& /m\.nav.vu~/ <m\.na.v\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to pursue, 2. to pacify.

mdd /m\.d\d/ <m\.d\.d\> fem. help.

mnIqa /m\.ni.ßa/ <m\.nii.s°a> fem.
desire.

mdinyu& /m\.d\n.i.ju~/ <m\.d\.ni.ju~> neut.
a young one of an elephant.
mdarI /m\.da.ri/ <m\.da.rii> masc. a
jugglar.
midra /m\.di.ra/ <m\.di.ra> fem. wine.

mnuQy /m\.nuß.j\/ <m\.nu.s°j\> masc. ahuman being.
mne /m\.ne/ <m\.ne> pron. to me.
mnobX /m\.no.b\Æ/ <m\.no.b\.Æ\> neut.
willpower.

m0 /m\.d˙/ <m\.dh\> neut. honey.
m0ur /m\.d˙ur/ <m\.dhu.r\> adj.
sweet.
m)y /m\d˙.j\/ <m\.dhj\> adj. 1.
middle, 2. central.
m0rat /m\d˙.rat/ <m\.dh\.ra.t\> fem.
mid-night.
mn /m\n/ <m\.n\> neut. an organ ofdesire.
mnn /m\.n\n/ <m\.n\.n\> neut. deepthinking.
mnsUbo /m\n.su.bo/ <m\.n\.su.bo>masc. motive.
mnSvI /m\.n\s.vi/ <m\.n\.svii> adj. 1.
self-willed, 2. whimsical.

mnor9 /m\.no.r\t˙/ <m\.no.r\.th\>masc. desire.
mnor&jk /m\.no.r\n.Ô\k/<m\.no.r\~.Ô\.k\> adj. entertaining.
mnor&jn /m\.no.r\n.Ô\n/<m\.no.r\~.Ô\.n\> neut. entertainment.
mnoiv}aan /m\.no.vig.nan/<m\.no.vi.gna.n\> neut. spychology.
mnohr /m\.no.h\r/ <m\.no.h\.r\> adj.
attractive.
mft /m\.p˙\t/ <m\.ph\.t\> advb. freeof cost.
mbl` /m\b.l\k˙/ <m\.b\.l\.kh\> adj.
abundant.
mmt /m\.m\t/ <m\.m\.t\> fem.
insistence.

157
mrvu& /m\r.vu~/ <m\.r\.vu~> v.intr. to die.
mmra /m\m.ro/ <m\.m\.ra> masc. atype of rice flake.
mmXavvu& /m\m.Æav.vu~/<m\.m\.Æa.v\.vu~> v.tr. to chew.
mrkvu& /m\.r\k.vu~/ <m\.r\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
to smile.

mrvo /m\r.vo/ <m\.r\.vo> masc. a small
unripe mango.
mrisyo /m\.r\.si.jo/ <m\.r\.si.jo> masc.
a mourning song.
mrhUm /m\r.hum/ <m\.r\.huu.m\> adj.
1. deceased, 2. late.

mr3I /m\r.g˙i/ <m\.r\.ghii> fem. a hen.
mrjad /m\r.Ôad/ <m\.r\.Ôa.d\> fem.
decency.
mrjadI /m\r.Ôa.di/ <m\.r\.Ôa.dii> adj.
observing strict untouchablility (areligious practice found mainly among
the Vaishnava. This untouchability has
nothing to do with social
untouchablility).
mrijyat /m\r.Ôi.jat/ <m\.r\.Ôi.ja.t\> adj.
voluntary.
mr@ /m\r.Ôi/ <m\.r\.Ôii> fem. desire.
mr@vo /m\r.Ôi.vo/ <m\.r\.Ôii.vo> masc.
diver.
mr6avu& /m\r.Îa.vu~/ <m\.r\.Îa.vu~>
v.intr. to be twisted.
mr6o /m\r.Îo/ <m\.r\.Îo> masc.
dysentery.

mramt /m\.ra.m\t/ <m\.ra.m\.t\> fem.
1. repair, 2. mending.
mrI /m\.ri/ <m\.rii> fem. black or white
pepper.
mrImsalo /m\.ri.m\.sa.lo/<m\.rii.m\.sa.lo> masc. spices.
mro6 /m\.roÎ/ <m\.ro.Î\> masc. ashape (of a letter for example).
mmR /m\r.m\/ <m\.rm\> masc. deep
meaning.
myaRda /m\r.ja.da/ <m\.rja.da> fem. 1.
limit, 2. border.
myaRidt /m\r.ja.dit/ <m\.rja.di.t\> adj.
limited.
mlkvu& /m\.l\k.vu~/ <m\.l\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
to smile.

mr8 /m\.r\¯/ <m\.r\.¯\> neut. death.

mlm /m\.l\m/ <m\.l\.m\> masc.
ointment.

mri8yu& /m\.r\.¯i.ju~/ <m\.r\.¯i.ju~> adj.
desperate.

mlml /m\l.m\l/ <m\.l\.m\.l\> neut.
muslin.

mrd /m\.r\d/ <m\.r\.d\> masc. male.

mla: /m\.lai/ <m\.la.ii> fem. cream.

158
mvalI /m\.va.li/ <m\.va.lii> masc. a
scoundrel.

mhamarI /m\.ha.ma.ri/ <m\.ha.ma.rii>
fem. an epidemic.

m=£ /m\ß.ru/ <m\.ß\.ru~> neut. cottonand silk mixed yarn.

mhar9I /m\.ha.r\.t˙i/ <m\.ha.r\.thii>
masc. an extremely powerful warrior.

m=hUr /m\ß.hur/ <m\.ß\.huu.r\> adj.
renowned.

mharaj /m\.ha.raÔ/ <m\.ha.ra.Ô\> masc.
1.an emperor, 2. a temple priest, 3. acook.

m+krI /m\ß.k\.ri/ <m\.ßk\.rii> fem. 1. ajoke, 2. a jest.
mslt /m\s.l\t/ <m\.s\.l\.t\> fem.
consultation.
msXvu& /m\.s\Æ.vu~/ <m\.s\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.
to knead.
msa8 /m\.sa¯/ <m\.sa.¯\> neut. aburial-place.

mharaja /m\.ha.ra.Ôa/ <m\.ha.ra.Ôa>masc. an emperor.
mhara8I /m\.ha.ra.ni/ <m\.ha.ra.¯ii>
fem. an empress.
mhaly /m\.ha.l\j/ <m\.ha.l\.j\> masc.
a palace.
mhavro /m\.hav.ro/ <m\.ha.v\.ro>masc. practice.

msai8ya /m\.sa.¯i.jo/ <m\.sa.¯i.ja>
masc. a mourner accompanying afuneral procession.

mhasagr /m\.ha.sa.g\r/<m\.ha.sa.g\.r\> masc. an ocean.

msalo /m\.sa.lo/ <m\.sa.lo> masc.
spices.

mihno /m\.hi.no/ <m\.hi.no> masc. amonth.

mso /m\.so/ <m\.so> masc. a wart.

mihla /m\.hi.la/ <m\.hi.la> fem. awoman.

mStk /m\s.t\k/ <m\.st\.k\> neut. thehead.
mhiqR /m\.h\r.ßi/ <m\.h\.rs°i> masc. agreat sage.
mh&t /m\.h\nt/ <m\.h\~.t\> masc. thehead of a monastery.
mha /m\.ha/ <m\.ha> masc. forth
month of the Vikram year.
mhakaVy /m\.ha.kav.j\/ <m\.ha.ka.vj\>
neut. epic.

mhuvr /m\.hu.v\r/ <m\.huu.v\.r\>
neut. a snake charmer’s flute.
mhe&k /m\.h´~k/ <m\.he~.k\> fem.
fragrance.
mheC2a /m\.hec.c˙a/ <m\.he.ccha> fem.
an ambition.
mhe8u& /m\.he.¯u~/ <m\.he.¯u~> neut. a
taunt.

159
mhetl /m\.he.t\l/ <m\.he.t\.l\> fem. atime limit.

like ornament usually presented by thebridegroom to the bride.

mhetI /m\.he.ti/ <m\.he.tii> fem. 1. ateacher’s wife, 2. a female teacher.

m&gXacr8 /m\˜g.Æa.c\.r\¯/<m\~.g\.Æa.c\.r\.¯\> neut. invocationof a divine being at the bringing of an
auspicious work.

mheto /m\.he.to/ <m\.he.to> masc. 1.
teacher, 2. an accountant.
mhent /m\.he.n\t/ <m\.he.n\.t\> fem.
mental or manual work.
mhenta8u& /m\.hen.ta.¯u~/<m\.he.n\.ta.¯u~> neut. remuneration.
mheman /m\.he.man/ <m\.he.ma.n\>masc. hon. a guest.
mhel /m\.hel/ <m\.he.l\> masc. a
palace.
mXtr /m\Æ.t\r/ <m\.Æ\.t\.r\> neut. 1.
remuneration 2. profit.
mXvu& /m\Æ.vu~/ <m\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. tomeet.
mXvu& /m\Æ.vu~/ <m\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. togain.
m&ko6o /m\˜.ko.Îo/ <m\~.ko.Îo> masc. akind of black ant.
m&gXfero /m\˜.\Æ.p˙e.ro/<m\~.g\.Æ\.phe.ra> masc. a marriage
ritual in which bride and bridegroom
move around the marriage platform.
m&gXvar /m\˜.g\Æ.var/ <m\~.g\.Æ\.va.r\>masc. Tuesday.
m&gXsU{a /m\˜.g\Æ.sut.r\/<m\~.g\.Æ\.su.tr\> neut. a necklace-m&@ra /m\µ.Ôi.ra/ <m\~.Ôii.ra> masc. pl. apair of cymbals.
m&jUr /m\µ.Ôur/ <m\~.Ôuu.r\> adj.
approved.
m&jUrI /m\µ.Ôu.ri/ <m\~,Ôuu.rii> fem.
approval.
m&6p /m\¯.Î\p/ <m\~.Î\.p\> masc. a
decorated platform.
m&6vu& /m\¯Î.vu~/ <m\~.Î\.vu~> v.intr. .tobegin, 2. to start.
m&trvu& /m\n.t\r.vu~/ <m\~.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr.
to bind by a spell.
m&tVy /m\n.t\.vj\/ <m\~.t\.vj\> neut.
opinion.
m&{a /m\nt.r\/ <m\~.tr\> masc. a spell.
m&{aI /m\n.tri/ <m\~.trii> masc. a
minister.
m&9n /m\n.t˙\n/ <m\~.th\.n\> neut. achurning.
m&d /m\nd/ <m\~.d\> adj. slow.
m&dva6 /m\nd.vaÎ/ <m\~.d\.va.Î\> fem.
sickness.
m&idr /m\n.dir/ <m\~.di.r\> neut. a
temple.

160

m&dI /m\n.di/ <m\~.dii> fem. 1. scarcity,
2. trade depression.
ma /ma/ <ma> fem. 1. mother, 2.
grandmother.

ma5u& /ma.ˇ˙u~/ <ma.ˇhu~> adj. .bad, 2.
wrong.
ma6I /ma.Îi/ <ma.Îii> fem. 1. mother,
2. goddess.
ma8 /ma¯/ <ma.¯\> fem. a metallic pot.

ma:ka&glu& /mai.ka˜g.lu~/ <ma.ii.ka~.g\.lu~>
adj. physically weak.

ma8vu& /ma¯.vu~/ <ma.¯\.vu~> v.tr. toenjoy.

mak6 /ma.k\Î/ <m> masc. a bug.

ma8s /ma.¯\s/ <ma.¯\.s\> masc. ahuman being.

ma` /mak˙/ <ma.kh\> fem. a fly.
ma`8 /ma.k˙\¯/ <ma.kh\.¯\> neut.
butter.

ma8sa: /ma¯.sai/ <ma.¯\.sa.ii> fem.
humility.

mag /mag/ <ma.g\> fem. demand.

ma8ek /ma.¯ek/ <ma.¯e.k\> neut. a
ruby.

magvu& /mag.vu~/ <ma.g\.vu~> v.tr. to ask
for.

mata /ma.ta/ <ma.ta> fem. 1. mother, 2.
goddess.

magu& /ma.gu~/ <ma.gu~> neut. a proposal
for betrothal.

ma{a /mat.r\/ <ma.tr\> advb. 1. only, 2.
merely.

ma28 /ma.c˙\¯/ <ma.ch\.¯\> fem. afisherwoman.

ma{aa /mat.ra/ <ma.tra> fem. a unit ofmeasure.

ma2lI /mac˙.li/ <m> fem. a fish.

ma9akU4 /ma.t˙a.kuˇ/ <ma.tha.kuu.ˇ\>fem. unnecessary discussion.

ma2I /ma.c˙i/ <ma.chii> masc. a
fisherman.

ma9afrel /ma.t˙a.p˙\.rel/<ma.tha.ph\.re.l\> adj. hot-tempered.

ma@ /ma.Ôi/ <ma.Ôii> adj. former.
ma@ /ma.Ôi/ <ma.Ôii> fem. hon. 1. a
grandmother, 2. a goddess.

ma9a-are /ma.t˙a.b˙a.re/ <ma.tha.bha.re>adj. 1. challenging, 2. uncontrollable.
ma9u& /ma.t˙u~/ <ma.thu~> neut. head.

ma4I /ma.ˇi/ <ma.ˇii> fem. clay.
ma4e /ma.ˇe/ <ma.ˇe> postp. for

madiXyu& /ma.d\Æ.ju/ <ma.d\.Æi.ju~> neut.
an amulet.
mada /ma.da/ <ma.da> adj. female.

161ma)ym /mad˙.j\m/ <ma.dhj\.m\> adj.
medium.
man /man/ <ma.n\> neut. fame.
manta /man.ta/ <ma.n\.ta> fem. 1. apledge, 2. a religious vow.
mand /ma.n\d/ <ma.n\.d\> adj.
honorary.

mamUlI /ma.mu.li/ <ma.muu.lii> adj.
insignificant.
mamo /ma.mo/ <ma.mo> masc. mother’s
brother.
mayka&glu& /maj.ka˜g.lu~/ <ma.j\.ka~.g\.lu~>
adj. very weak (in terms of physicalconstruction).
maya /ma.ja/ <ma.ja> fem. illusion.
mar /mar/ <ma.r\> masc. beating.

mannIy /ma.n\.ni.j\/ <ma.n\.nii.j\> adj.
honorable.
manpan /man.pan/ <ma.n\.pa.n\> neut.
respect.
manvu& /man.vu~/ <ma.n\.vu~> v.tr. tobelieve.
manisk /man.sik/ <ma.n\.si.k\> adj.
mental.
manItu& /ma.ni.tu~/ <ma.nii.tu~> adj.
favorite.
maNy /man.j\/ <ma.nj\> adj. acceptable.
map /map/ <ma.p\> neut. measure.

marpI4 /mar.piˇ/ <ma.r\.pii.ˇ\> fem.
repeated or severe beating.
marft /mar.p˙\t/ <ma.r\.ph\.t\> postp.
1. with, 2. by, 3. through.
marvu& /mar.vu~/ <ma.r\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tobeat, 2. to strike.
maramarI /ma.ra.ma.ri/ <ma.ra.ma.rii>
fem. a violent clash.
magR /marg/ <ma.rg\> masc. a road.
maimRk /mar.mik/ <ma.rmi.k\> adj.
subtle.
mal /mal/ <ma.l\> masc. goods.

mafI /ma.p˙i/ <ma.phii> fem.
forgiveness.
mabap /mabap/ <ma.ba.p\> neut. pl.
parents.
mama /ma.ma/ <ma.ma> masc. hon.
mother’s brother.
mamI /ma.mi/ <ma.mii> fem. mother’s
brother’s wife.

maldar /mal.dar/ <ma.l\.da.r\> adj.
rich.
malmta /mal.m\.ta/ <ma.l\.m\.ta> fem.
property.
malimlkt /mal.mil.k\t/<ma.l\.mi.l\.k\.t\> fem. property.
mailk /ma.lik/ <ma.li.k\> masc. 1.
owner, 2. a master, 3. a boss, 4. god.

162
maXa /ma.Æa/ <ma.Æa> fem. a garland.
mailkI /ma.li.ki/ <ma.li.kii> fem.
ownership.
mail= /ma.liß/ <ma.li.ß\> fem.
massaging.
mavjt /mav.Ô\t/ <ma.v\.Ô\.t\> fem.
care.
mav5u& /mav.ˇ˙u~/ <ma.v\.ˇhu~> neut.
unseasonable rain.
mavi6yu& /ma.v\Î.ju~/ <ma.v\.Îi.ju~> adj.
too much obedient of mother.
mavtr /mav.t\r/ <ma.v\.t\.r\> neut. pl.
parents.
mavo /ma.vo/ <ma.vo> masc. 1. solid
cream of milk, 2. kernel of fruits etc.
ma=I /ma.ßi/ <ma.ßii> fem. mother’ssister.
mas /mas/ <ma.s\> masc. a month.
maisk /ma.sik/ <ma.si.k\> adj.
monthly.
maisk /ma.sik/ <ma.si.k\> neut.
women’s menses.
maso /ma.so/ <ma.so> masc. mother’ssister’s husband.
maihtI /ma.hi.ti/ <ma.hi.tii> fem.
knowledge.
maX /maÆ/ <ma.Æ\> masc. a storey.
maX`u& /maÆ.k˙u~/ <ma.Æ\.khu~> neut. 1. astructure, 2. a frame.

maiXyu& /ma.Æi.ju~/ <ma.Æi.ju~> neut. a
storey.
maXI /ma.Æi/ <ma.Æii> masc. a gardener.
maXo /ma.Æo/ <ma.Æo> masc. a nest.
ma&jvu& /ma~Ô.vu~/ <ma~.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. tocleanse a pot and etc.
ma&6vu& /ma~Î.vu~/ <ma~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tobegin, 2. to start.
ma&6vu& /ma~Î.vu~/ <ma~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. toclose.
ma&dgI /ma~d.gi/ <ma~.d\.gii> fem.
sickness.
ma&dlu& /ma~d.lu~/ <ma~.d\.lu~> adj. always
sick.
ma&du& /ma~.du~/ <ma~.du~> adj. sick.
ma&s /ma~s/ <ma~.s\> neut. flash.
ma&sahar /ma~.sa.har/ <ma~.sa.ha.r\>masc. meat or mutton food.
ma&saharI /ma~.sa.ha.ri/ <ma~.sa.ha.rii>
adj. non- vegetarian.
imjagru& /mi.Ôa.g\.ru~/ <mi.Ôa.g\.ru~> neut.
a hinge.
imjaj /mi.ÔaÔ/ <mi.Ôa.Ô\> masc.
temperament.
imja@ /mi.Ôa.Ôi/ <mi.Ôa.Ôii> adj. hottempered.

163

im{a /mit.r\/ <mi.tr\> masc. a friend.

mI&7X /mi~.Î˙\Æ/ <mii~.Îh\.Æ\> neut. akind of fruit.
mI&7u& /mi~¯.Î˙o/ <mii~.Îhu~> adj. shrewd.

im{ata /mit.r\.ta/ <mi.tr\.ta> adj.
friendship.

muk¥mo /mu.k\d.d\.mo/<mu.k\.dd\.mo> masc. a law suit.

im(ya /mit˙.ja/ <mi.thja> adj. 1. illusory,
2. unreal.

mukablo /mu.kab.lo/ <mu.ka.b\.lo>masc. a comparison.

imlkt /mil.k\t/ <mil.k\.t\> fem.
property.

mukt /muk.t\/ <mu.kt\> adj. free.

imit /mi.ti/ <mi.ti> fem. a date.

imln /mi.lan/ <mi.l\.n\> neut. 1.
meeting, 2. union.
imlav4 /mi.la.v\ˇ/ <mi.la.v\.ˇ\> fem.
adulteration.
imlavvu& /mi.lav.vu~/ <mi.la.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to mix.
imS{aI /mis.tri/ <mi.strii> masc. a skilledcraftsman.

muikt /muk.ti/ <mu.kti> fem. freedom.
mu`vas /muk˙.vas/ <mu.kh\.va.s\>masc. a sort of mouth cleaning foodtaken after a meal.
mu`I /mu.k˙i/ <mu.khii> masc. chief ofa village or a community.
mu~y /muk˙.j\/ <mu.khj\> adj. 1. chief,
2. foremost.

mI5a: /mi.ˇ˙a.i/ <mi.ˇha.ii> fem. sweet.

mug4 /mu.g\ˇ/ <mu.g\.ˇ\> masc. acrown.

mI5a= /mi.ˇ˙aß/ <mii.ˇha.ß\> fem.
sweetness.

mu5\5I /muˇ˙.ˇ˙i/ <mu.ˇhˇhii> fem. a fist.

mI5u& /mi.ˇ˙u~/ <mii.ˇhu~> neut. salt.

mutr6I /mu.t\r.Îi/ <mu.t\.r\.Îii> fem. aurinal.

mI5u& /mi.ˇ˙u~/ <mii.ˇhu~> adj. sweet.
mI8 /mi::¯/ <mii.¯\> neut .wax.
mI8b]aI /mi:Î.b\t.ti/ <mii.¯\.b\.ttii>
fem. candle.

mudt /mu.d\t/ <mu.d\.t\> fem. a fixedtime.
mu¥l /mud.d\l/ <mu.dd\.l\> fem. theprincipal amount.
mu¥o /muddo/ <mu.ddo> masc. issue.

mI&6u& /miÎ.Îu~/ <mii.Îu~> neut. a figureof zero.

mu±k /mud.r\k/ <mu.dr\.k\> masc.
printer.

164
mu±a /mud.ra/ <mu.dra> fem. a stamp.
muin/mu.ni/ <mu.ni> masc. a sage.
munIm /mu.nim/ <mu.ni.m\> masc. 1.
an accountant, 2. a manager.
mufils /mup˙.lis/ <mu.ph\.li.s\> adj.
penniless.

mus¥o /mu.s\d.do/ <mu.s\.ddo> masc.
a draft.
muslman /mu.sal.man/<mu.s\.l\.ma.n\> masc. a follower ofIslam.
musafr /mu.sa.p˙\r/ <mu.sa.ph\.r\>masc. a traveller.

mur3I /mur.g˙i/ <mu.r\.ghii> fem. hen.
murityo /mu.r\.ti.o/ <mu.r\.ti.jo> masc.
a would-be-son-in-law or bridegroom.
murBbI /mu.r\b.bi/ <mu.r\.bbii> adj.
elderly.
murBbo /mu.r\b.bo/ <mu.r\.bbo> masc.
a kind of conserved food.

musafrI /mu.sa.p˙\.ri/ <mu.sa.ph\.rii>
fem. 1 a travel, 2. a journey.
musIbt /mu.si.b\t/ <mu.sii.b\.t\> fem.
trouble.
muiSlm /mus.lim/ <mu.sli.m\> masc. afollower of Islam.
mUkvu& /muk.vu~/ <mu.k\.vu~> v.tr. to put.

murad /mu.rad/ <mu.ra.d\> fem. desire.
mulk /mu.l\k/ <mu.l\.k\> masc. aterritory.
multvI /mu.l\t.vi/ <mu.l\.t\.vii> adj.
postponed.
mulv8I /mu.l\v.¯i/ <mu.l\.v\.¯ii> fem.
valuation.
mulakat /mu.la.kat/ <mu.la.ka.t\> fem.
a visit.
mulaym /mu.la.j\m/ <mu.la.j\.m\> adj.
soft.

mU&gu& /mu˜.gu/ <muu~.gu~> adj. 1.
speechless, 2. silent.
mU2 /muc˙/ <mu.ch\> fem. themoustache.
mU5 /muˇ˙/ <mu.ˇh\> fem. the hilt of asword.
mU6I /mu.Îi/ <muu.Îii> fem. 1. capital,
2. investment.
mUtr /mu.t\r/ <muu.t\.r\> neut. urine.
mUtrvu& /mu.t\r.vu~/ <muu.t\.r\.vu~>
v.intr. to urinate.

mu+kel /muß.kel/ <mu.ßke.l\> adj.
difficult.

mU{aip*6 /mut.r\.pi¯.Î\/ neut. the kidney.

mu+kelI /muß.ke.li/ <mu.ßke.lii> fem.
difficulty.

mU{aa=y /mut.ra.ß\j/ <muu.tra.ß\.j\>masc. the bladder.

165

mUr` /mu.r\k˙/ <muu.r\.kh\> adj. fool.
mUtR /mur.t\/ <muu.rt\> adj. 1.
corporeal, 2. concrete.

me9I /me.t˙i/ <me.tii> fem. 1. a kind of
seed used for seasoning, 2. a plant usedas vegetable.
me9Ipak /me.t˙i.pak/ <me.thii.pa.k\>masc. a sweet made of me9I.

mUitR /mur.ti/ <muu.rti> fem. an idol.
mUlvvu& /mu.l\v.vu~/ <muu.l\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to ascertain the price, 2. to assay.
mULy /mul.j\/ <muu.lj\> neut. 1. value,
2. price.
mUX /muÆ/ <muu.lj\> neut. 1. origin, 2.
root, 3. fundamental.
mUXaxr /mu.Æak.ß\r/ <muu.Æa.kß\.r\>masc. pl. the letters of an alphabet.

me9Iyu& /met˙.ju~/ <me.thii.ju~> neut. a kindof pickles seasoned with me9I.
med /med/ <me.d\> masc. fat.
mednI /med.ni/ <me.d\.nii> fem.
congregation.
medan /me.dan/ <me.da.n\> neut. 1. aplain, 2. a playground.
mena /me.na/ <me.na> fem. a kind ofsong-bird.

mUXo /mu.Æo/ <muu.Æo> masc. a radish.
mel /m´l/ <me.l\> masc. 1. filth, 2. dirt.
mU&gu& /mu˜.gu~/ <muu~.gu~> adj. 1.
speechless, 2. dumb.
mU&zv8 /mu~Ô˙.v\¯/ <muu~.Ôh\.v\.¯\>
fem. uneasiness.

mel`aw& /m´l.k˙a.u~/ <me.la.kha.u~> adj. acloth that conceals dirt.
mel6I /m´l.Îi/ <me.l\.Îii> fem. a female
ghost.

mU&zavu& /mu~.Ô˙a.vu~/ <muu.Ôha.vu~> v.intr.
to be perplexed.

melvu& /mel.vu~/ <me.l\.vu~> v.tr. to put.

mU&6vu& /mu¯Î.vu~/ <mu~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. toshave the head entirely.

melu& /m´.lu~/ <me.lu~> adj. 1. dirty, 2.
filthy.

m<Tyu& /mrut.ju~/ <mr≤u.tju~> neut. death.

me&= /m´~ß/ <me.ß\> fem. soot.

m<d&g /mru.d\˜g/ <mr≤u.d\~.g\> neut. akind of drum.

meXv8 /meÆ.v\¯/ <me.Æ\.v\.¯\> neut. a
mixture.

me6I /me.Îi/ <me.Îii> fem. an upper
storey.

meXvvu& /me.Æ\v.vu~/ <me.Æ\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to mix.

166
meXap /me.Æap/ <me.Æa.p\> masc. 1. ameeting, 2. a union.

moj=o` /moÔ.ßok˙/ <mo.Ô\.ßo.kh\>
masc. luxury.

meXav6o /me.Æav.Îo/ <me.Æa.v\.Îo>
masc. a public function.

moju& /mo.Ôu~/ <mo.Ôu~> neut. a wave.
moju& /mo.Ôu~/ <mo.Ôu~> neut. a glove.

meXo /me.Æo/ <me.Æo> masc. a fair.
me& /m´~/ <me~> pron. I.

mojUd /mo.Ôud/ <mo.Ôu.d\> adj.
existing.

moklvu& /mok\l.vu~/ <mo.k\.l\.vu> v.tr.
to send.

mo4u& /mo.ˇu~/ <mo.ˇu~> adj. 1. big, 2.
large, 3. adult, 4. elder.

mokXa= /mok.Æaß/ <mo.k\.Æa.ß\> fem. 1.
roominess, 2. freedom, 3. comfort.

mo6u& /mo.Îu~/ <mo.Îu~> adj. late.

mokXu& /mok.Æu~/ <mo.k\.Æu~> adj. 1.
spacious, 2. open.
moka8 /mo.ka¯/ <mo.ka.¯\> fem. acondolence ritual.
moko /mø.ko/ <mo.ko> masc. afavorable opportunity.
mox /mok.ß\/ <mo.kß\> masc.
liberation.
mogro /mog.ro/ <mo.g\.ro> masc. akind of flower plant.
moc8 /mo.c\¯/ <mo.c\.¯\> fem. afemale of the cobbler community.
mocI /mo.ci/ <mo.cii> masc. 1. acobbler, 2. a name of a community.
moj6I /moÔ.Îi/ <mo.Ô\.Îii> fem. a kindof light, embroidered shoe.
mojmja /moÔ.m\.Ôa/ <mo.Ô\.m\.Ôa> fem.
1 luxury, 2. comfort.

mo7amo7 /mø.Î˙a.moÎ˙/<mo.Îha.mo.Îh\> advb. fact to face.
mo7u& /mø.Î˙u~/ <mo.Îhu~> neut. themouth.
mo8 /mo¯/ <mo.¯\> neut. lubricant
mixed with flour.
mot /møt/ <mo.t\> neut. death.
moityo /mo.ti.jo/ <mo.ti.jo> masc.
cataract.
motI /mo.ti/ <mo.tii> neut. a pearl.
modI /mo.di/ <mo.dii> masc. a grocery.
mo- /mob˙/ <mo.bh\> masc. a beam
supporting a roof.
mo-adar /mo.b˙a.dar/ <mo.bha.da.r\>adj. 1. respected, 2. having high status.
mor /mor/ <mo.r\> masc. peacock.
morco /mor.co/ <mo.r\.co> masc. front.

167
morlI /mor.li/ <mo.r\.lii> fem. a flute.

mohvu& /moh.vu~/ <mo.h\.vu~> v.tr. to be
fascinated or deluded.

mors /mo.r\s/ <mo.r\.s\> fem. granularsugar.

moXu& /mø.Æu~/ <mo.Æu~> adj. tasteless.

moiryo /mor.(i).jo/ <mo.ri.jo> masc. akind of wild corn.

mo& /mø~/ <mo~> neut. 1. the mouth, 2.
face.

morI /mø.ri/ <mo.rii> fem. a drain.

mo&3varI /mø~g˙.va.ri/ <mo~.gh\.va.rii>
fem. 1. dearness, 2. allowance.

mol /mol/ <mo.l\> masc. a standingcrop.
movu& /mo.vu~/ <mo.vu~> v.tr. to lubricate
flour with oil, ghee etc.
mosm /mo.s\m/ <mo.s\.m\> fem. aseason.
mosmI /mos.mi/ <mo.s\.mii> adj.
seasonal.
mos&bI /mo.s\m.bi/ <mo.s\~.bii> fem. akind of fruit.
mosaX /mo.saÆ/ <mo.sa.Æ\> neut. thematernal side of relation.
mosaXu& /mo.sa.Æu~/ <mo.sa.Æu~> neut. 1.
gifts given by the parents to theirdaughter on her first pregnancy, 2. gifts
given by the maternal side of therelatives.

mo&3u& /mø~˜.gu~/ <mo~.ghu~> adj. extremely
dear.
mOn /m\un/ <m\u.n\> neut. selfimposed dumbness.
mOlvI /m\ul.vi/ <m\ul.vii> masc. 1. alearned Muslim, 2. an expert in Islamic
laws.
mOlIk /m\u.lik/ <m\u.lii.k\> adj.
original.
Myan /mjan/ <mja.n\> neut. a scabbard.

yyk<t /j\k.rut/ <j\.kr≤u.t\> neut. the liver.
yjman /j\Ô.man/ <j\.Ô\.ma.n\> masc. ahost.

moh /moh/ <mo.h\> masc. fascination.
mohk /mo.h\k/ <mo.h\.k\> adj.
charming.
mohn9aX /mo.h\n.t˙a/<mo.h\.n\.tha.Æ\> masc. a kind of
sweetmeets.

y}a /j\g.n\/ <j\.gn\> masc. a religious
performance.
ymdUt /j\m.dut/ <j\.m\.duu.t\> masc. a
servant of the god of death.
y= /j\ß/ <j\.ß\> masc. fame.
y&{a /j\n.tr\/ <j\~.tr\> neut. a machine.

168
yogI /jo.gi/ <jo.gii> masc. an ascetic.
yatna /jat.na/ <ja.t\.na> fem. suffering.
ya{aa /jat.ra/ <ja.tra> fem. a pilgrim.
yad /jad/ <ja.d\> fem. memory.

yoGy /jog.j\/ <jo.gj\> adj. 1. proper, 2.
needful.
yojk /jo,Ô\k/ <jo.Ô\.k\> masc. anorganizer.

yadI /ja.di/ <ja.dii> fem. a note.
yojna /joÔ.na/ <jo.Ô\.na> fem. a plan.
yan /jan/ <ja.n\> neut. a vehicle(formal)yar /jar/ <ja.r\> masc. friend.
ya&i{ak /ja~t.rik/ <ja~.tri.k\> adj. machinelike.
yuikt /juk.ti/ <ju.kti> fem. 1. skill, 2.
trick.
yug /jug/ <ju.g\> masc. an age.

yojvu& /joÔ.vu~/ <jo.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. to plan.
yoin /jo.ni/ <jo.ni> fem. a female’s
generative organ.
yOvn /jau.ban/ <j\u.v\.n\> neut. youth.

ryu)0 /jud˙.d˙\/ <ju.dhdh\> neut. war.

rkm /r\.k\m/ <r\.k\.m\> fem. a thing.

yuvk /ju.v\k/ <ju.v\.k\> masc. a youngman.

rkabI /r\.ka.bi/ <r\.ka.bii> fem. 1. aplate, 2. a saucer.

yuvtI /juv.ti/ <ju.v\.tii> fem. a young
women.

rkt /rk.t\/<r\.kt\> neut. blood.

yuvraj /juv.raÔ/ <ju.v\.ra.Ô\> masc. acrown prince.
yuvra}aI /juv.rag.ni/ <ju.v\.ra.gnii> fem.
the wife of a crown prince.

rxk /r\k.ß\k/ <r\.kß\.k\> masc. aguard.
rxa /r\k.ßa/ <r\.kßa> fem. a protection.

yog /jo.g\/ <jo.g\> masc. union.

r`6p4\4I /r\.k˙\Î.p\ˇ.ˇi/<r\.kh\.Î\.p\.ˇˇii> fem. 1. wandering,
2. roaming.

yoganuyog /jo.ga.nu.jog/ <jo.ga.nu.jo.g\>
advb. 1. by chance, 2. incidently.

r`6vu& /r\.k˙\Î.vu~/ <r\.kh\.Î\.vu~>
v.intr. 1. to wander, 2. to roam.

yoignI /jo.gi.ni/ <jo.gi.nii> fem. afemale ascetic.

r`6u& /r\k˙.Îu~/ <r\.kh\.Îu~> adj. 1.
wandering, 2. roaming.

169r`at /r\.k˙at/ <r\.kha.t\> fem. an illicit
wife.
r`e /r\.k˙e/ <r\.khe> advb. by chance.
r`evaX /r\.k˙e.vaÆ/ <r\.khe.va.Æ\> masc.
1. guardian, 2. a protector.

rja: /r\.Ôai/ <r\.Ôa.ii> fem. a quilt.
rjaic5\5I /r\.Ôa.ciˇ˙ˇ˙i/ <r\.Ôa.ci.ˇhˇhii>
fem. a written permission.
r4vu& /r\ˇ.vu~/ <r\.ˇ\vu~> v.tr. to speak thesame thing repeatedly.

rg /r\g/ <r\.g\> fem. a vein.
rgi=yu& /r\.g\.ßi.ju~/ <r\.g\.ßi.ju~> adj.
slow and tedious.
r3va4 /r\g.vaˇ/ <r\.gh\.va.ˇ\> masc.
bewilderment.
rcna /r\c.na/ <r\.c\.na> fem. 1.
construction, 2. composition.

r6vu& /r\Î.vu~/ <r\.Î\.vu~> v.intr. toweep.
r6aroX /r\.Îa.roÆ/ <r\.Îa.ro.Î\> fem.
weeping.
ri7yaXu& /r\.Î˙i.ja.Æu~/ <r\.Îhi.ja.Æu~> adj.
fascinating.
r8 /r\¯/ <r\.¯\> neut. a desert.

rciyta /r\c.ji.ta/ <r\.c\.ji.ta> masc. 1. aconstructor, 2. a composer.

r8 /r\¯/ <r\.¯\> neut. a battle-field.

rcvu& /r\c.vu~/ <r\.c\.vu~> v.tr. 1. toconstruct, 2. to compose.

r8kvu& /r\.¯\k.vu~/ <r\.¯\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
to tinkle.

rj /r\Ô/ <r\.Ô\> fem. 1. a molecule, 2. aparticle.

r8kar /r\¯.kar/ <r\.¯\.ka.r\> masc. atinkling sound.

rjk8 /r\Ô.k\¯/ <r\.Ô\.k\.¯\> masc. aparticle of dust.

r82o6 /r\¯.c˙oÎ/ masc. Lord Sri
Krishna.

rjko /r\Ô.ko/ <r\.Ô\.ko> masc. a kind ofgrass.

r8z8vu& /r\¯.Ô˙\¯.vu~/ <r\.¯\.Ôh\.¯\.vu~>
v.intr. to tinkle repeatedly.

rjt /r\.Ô\t/ <r\.Ô\.t\> neut. silver.

rtn /r\.t\n/ <r\.t\.n\> neut. the pupilof the eye.

rjnI /r\Ô.ni/ <r\.Ô\.nii> fem. night.
rjpUt /r\Ô.put/ <r\.Ô\.pu.t\> masc. a
man belonging to Rajput community.
rja /r\.Ôa/ <r\.Ôa> fem. 1. a holiday, 2. aleave.

rtl /r\.t\l/ <r\.t\.l\> masc. a measureof weight.
rtva /r\t.va/ <r\.t\.va> masc. a kind ofskin disease.

170
rta= /r\.taß/ <r\.ta.ß\> fem. redness.

rmUj /r\.muÔ/ <r\.mu.Ô\> fem. 1.
humor, 2. fun.

rtaXu& /r\.ta.Æu~/ <r\.ta.Æu~> neut. yam.
rta&0Xu& /r\.ta~n.d˙\.Æu~/ <r\.ta~.dh\.Æu~>adj. night-blind.
rTn /r\t.n\/ <r\.tn\> neut. a gem.
r9 /r\t˙/ <r\.th\> masc. a chariot.
r¥I /r\d.di/ <r\.ddii> fem. 1. useless, 2.
scrap papers and etc.

rvrvvu& /r\v.r\v.vu~/ <r\.v\.r\.v\.vu~>
v.intr. to occur a biting sensation on the
tongue.
rivvar /r\.vi.var/ <r\.vi.va.r\> masc.
Sunday.
rvo /r\.vo/ <r\.vo> masc. granular flourof wheat.
rs /r\s/ <r\.s\> masc. juice.

rbarI /r\.ba.ri/ <r\.ba.rii> masc. a
shepherd.

rs /r\s/ <r\.s\> masc. interest.

rmk6u& /r\.m\k.Îu~/ <r\.m\.k\.Îu~> neut.
a toy.

rsaksI /r\.sa.k\.si/ <r\.sa.k\.sii> fem.
an intense contest.

rm`a8 /r\m.k˙a¯/ <r\.m\.kha.¯\> neut.
a riot.

rsadar /r\.sa.dar/ <r\.sa.da.r\> adj.
juicy.

rmjan /r\m.Ôan/ <r\.m\.Ôha.n\> masc.
the ninth and the holy month of the Hijriera.

rsay8 /r\.sa.j\¯/ <r\.sa.j\.¯\> neut.
chemical.

rmz4 /r\m.Ô˙\ˇ/ <r\.m\.Ôh\.ˇ\> fem. theclimax and the higest tempo of dancing,singing etc.

risk /r\.sik/ <r\.si.k\> adj. romantic.
rsI /r\.si/ <r\.sii> fem. a vaccine.
rsId /r\.sid/ <r\.sii.d\> fem. a receipt.

rmt /r\.m\t/ <r\.m\.t\> fem. 1. agame, 2. a play. 3. a sport.
rmityaX /r\.m\.ti.jaÆ/ <r\.m\.ti.ja.Æ\>
adj. 1. playful, 2. joyful.
rmrmvu& /r\m.r\m.vu~/ <r\..m\.r\.m\.vu~>
v.intr. 1. to jingle, 2. to tinkle.
rmvu& /r\m.vu~/ <r\.m\.vu~> v.intr. 1. toplay, 2. to sport.

rso /r\.so/ <r\.so> masc. thick juice of
cooked vegetables.
rso;yo /r\.so.i.jo/ <r\.so.ii.jo> masc. amale cook.
rso;8 /r\.so.i.j\¯/ <r\.so.ii.j\.¯\> fem.
a female cook.

171
rso: /r\.so.i/ <r\.so.ii> fem. 1. cooking,
2. cooked food.

r&g-ed /r\˜.b˙ed/ <r\~.g\.bhe.d\> masc.
racism.

rso6u& /r\.so.Îu~/ <r\.so.Îu~> neut. akitchen.

r&glo /r\˜g.lo/ <r\~.g\.lo> masc. aclown.

rsoXI /r\.so.Æi/ <r\.so.Æii> fem. a buglike tumor.

r&gvu& /r\˜g.vu~/ <r\~.g\.vu~> v.tr. to color.

rSto /r\s.to/ <r\.sto> masc. 1. a road, 2.
a cure, 3. a solution.
rSsI /r\s.si/ <r\.ssii> fem. a thickstring.
rhSy /r\.h\s.j\/ <r\.h\.sj\> neut. secret.
rhe5a8 /r\.he.ˇ˙a¯/ <r\.he.ˇha.¯\> neut.
1. a house, 2. an abode, 3. a residence.

r&gIn /r\˜.gin/ <r\~.gii.n\> adj. colorful.
ra: /ra.i/ <ra.ii> fem. 1. mustard plant,
2. mustard.
raxs /rak.ß\s/ <ra.kß\.s\> masc. 1. amonster, 2. a demon, 3. a devil.
raxsI /rak.ß\.si/ <ra.kß\.sii> adj. 1.
devilish, 2. monstrous.
ra` /ra.k˙/ <ra.kh\> fem. ashes.

rhe8Ikr8I /r\.he.¯i.k\r.¯i/<r\.he.¯ii.k\.r\.¯ii> fem. 1. life style,2. manners.
rhevu& /r\.he.vu~/ <r\.he.vu~> v.intr. 1. tolive, 2. to dwell, 3. to reside.

ra`6I /rak˙.Îi/ <ra.kh\.Îii> fem. athread that sisters tie on the arm of thebrothers for their protection.
ra`vu& /rak˙.vu~/ <ra.kh\.vu~> v.tr. tokeep.

rXvu& /r\Æ.vu~/ <r\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. to earn.
riXyam8u& /r\.i.ja.m\.¯u~/<r\.Æi.ja.m\.¯u~> adj. 1. beautiful, 2.
pleasant.

ra`o6Iyu& /ra.k˙o.Îi.ju~/ <ra.kho.Îii.ju~>
adj. grey.
rag /rag/ <ra.g\> masc. tune.

r&k /r\˜k/ <r\~.k\> adj. poor.

raj /raÔ/ <ra.Ô\> neut. a kingdom.

r&g /r\˜g/ <r\~.g\> masc. color.

rajku&vr /raÔ.ku~.v\r/ <ra.Ô\.ku~.v\.r\>masc. a prince

r&g-Uim /r\˜.g\.b˙u.mi/ <r\~.g\.bhuu.mi>fem. a theatre.
r&g7&g /r\˜g.Î˙\˜g/ <r\~.g\.Îh\~.g\>masc. manners.

rajku&vrI /raÔ.ku~v.ri/ <ra.Ô\.ku~.v\.rii>
fem. a princess.
rajkar8 /raÔ.ka.r\¯/ <ra.Ô\.ka.r\.¯\>
neut. politics.

172

rajkIy /raÔ.ki.j\/ <ra.Ô\.kii.j\> adj.
political.

ratidvs /rat.di:.v\s/ <ra.t\.di.v\.s\>adj. day and night.

rajkumar /raÔ.ku.mar/ <ra.Ô\.ku.ma.r\>masc. prince.

ratpaXI /rat.pa.Æi/ <ra.t\.pa.Æii> fem. anight-shift.

rajgadI /raÔ.ga.di/ <ra.Ô\.ga.dii> fem. athrone.

ratvaso /rat.va.so/ <ra.t\.va.so> masc. ahalt for a night.

raj0anI /raÔ.d˙a.ni/ <ra.Ô\.dha.nii> fem.
a state’s capital.

ratu& /red/ <ra.tu~> adj. red.
rai{a/rat.ri/ <ra.tri> fem. night.

rajnIit /raÔ.ni.ti/ <ra.Ô\.nii.ti> fem.
politics.

ranI /ra.ni/ <ra.nii> adj. wild.

rajnEitk /raÔ.n\i.tik/ <ra.Ô\.n\i.ti.k\>
adj. political.

raf6o /rap˙.Îo/ <ra.ph\.Îo> masc. 1. an
ant-hill, 2. a serpent’s burrow.

rajrmt /raÔ.r\.m\t/ <ra.Ô\.r\.m\.t\>fem. diplomacy.

rab /rab/ <ra.b\> fem. gruel.

raja /ra.Ôa/ <ra.Ôa> masc. the king.

ram7ol /ram.Î˙ol/ <ra.m\.Îho.l\> masc.
a big drum.

ra@ /ra.Ôi/ <ra.Ôii> adj. pleased.
rajy /raÔ.j\/ <ra.Ôj\> neut. a state.
rajyai-qek /raÔ.ja.b˙i.ßek/<ra,Ôja,bhi.s°e.k\> masc. 1.
enthronement, 2. coronation.

rampatr /ram.pa.t\r/ <ra.m\.pa.t\.r\>
neut. a begging-bowl.
ramfX /ram.p˙\Æ/ <ra.m\.ph\.Æ\> neut.
a kind of fruit.
ramba8 /ram.ba¯/ <ra.m\.ba.¯\> neut.
infallible.

ra6 /raÎ/ <ra.Î\> fem. a shout.
ra8I /ra.¯i/ <ra.¯ii> fem. queen.
ra8Ivas /ra.¯i.vas/ <ra.¯ii.va.s\> masc.
a harem.
ra8o /\ra.¯o/ <ra.¯o> masc. a Rajput
king.
rat /rat/ <ra.t\> fem. night.

ram-roso /ram.b˙\.ro.so/<ra.m\.bh\.ro.so> masc. faith in god.
ram-rose /ram.b˙\.ro.se/<ra.m\.bh\.ro.so> postp. 1. things left
on the faith in god, 2. things left
unattended.
ramrajy /ram.raÔ.j\/ <ra.m\.ra.Ôj\> neut.
an ideal state.

173

ramlIla /ram.li.la/ <ra.m\.lii.la> fem. afolk drama.
ramI /ra.mi/ <ra.mii> masc. a gardener.
ramo /ra.mo/ <ra.mo> masc. a domestic
servant.

ra&0vu& /ra~d˙.vu~/ <ra~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. tocook.
irbavvu& /ri.bav.vu~/ <ri.ba.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.
to persecute, 2. to tyrannize.
irvaj /ri.vaÔ/ <ri.va.Ô\> masc. a custom.

ray8 /ra.j\¯/ <ra.j\.¯\> fem. a tree.

irsavu& /ri:sa.vu~/ <ri.sa.vu~> v.intr. to be
displeased.

ray8 /ra.j\¯/ <ra.j\.¯\> neut. fruits of
ray8 tree.

rIzvvu& /ri.Ô˙\v.vu~/ <rii.Ôh\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to please.

rav8h(9o /ra.v\¯.h\t˙.t˙o/<ra.v\.¯\.h\.ththo> masc. a kind ofmusical instrument.

rI7u& /ri.Î˙u~/ <rii.Îhu~> adj. seasoned.

ravi8yo /ra.v\.¯i.jo/ <ra.v\.¯i.jo> masc.
a village-watchman.
raQ4^ /raß.ˇr\/ <ra.s°ˇr\> neut. a nation.
raQ4^Iy /raß.ˇri.j\/ <ra.s°ßˇri.j\> adj.
national.
ras /ras/ <ra.s\> masc. a kind ofcollective dance.
rasayi8k /ra.sa.j\.¯ik/ <ra.sa.j\.¯i.k\>
adj. chemical.

rIt /rit/ <rii.t\> fem. 1. method, 2.
style.
rIt-at /rit.b˙at/ <rii.t\.bha.t\> masc. pl.
manners.
rItirvaj /rit.ri.vaÔ/ <rii.t\.ri.va.Ô\>masc. pl. customs.
rI&g8 /ri˜.g\¯/ <rii~.g\.¯\> neut. an
eggplant.
rI&2 /ri~c˙/ <rii~.ch\> neut. a bear.
ruAab /ru.ab/ <ru.a.b\> masc. 1. pomp,
2. grandeur.

raht /ra.h\t/ <ra.h\.t\> fem. relief.
rucvu& /ruc.vu~/ <ru.c\.vu~> exp. to like.
rahdarI /rah.da.ri/ <ra.h\.da.rii> masc.
a traveler on a foot.

ruic /ru.ci/ <ru.ci> fem. liking.

rahbr /rah.b\r/ <ra.h\.b\.r\> masc. a
guide.

ruickr /ru.ci.k\r/ <ru.ci.k\.r\> adj. 1.
tasteful, 2. likable.

rahu /ra.hu/ <ra.huu> masc. a planet ofthat name.

rudn /ru.d\n/ <ru.d\.n\> neut.
weeping.

174
rui0r /ru.d˙ir/ <ru.dhi.r\> neut. blood.

£mal /ru.mal/ <ruu.ma.l\> masc. 1.
towel, 2. handkerchief.

£ /ru/ <ruu> neut. cotton.
£zvu& /ruÔ˙.vu~/ <ruu.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. to
be healed.
£5vu& /ruˇ˙.vu~/ <ruu.ˇh\.vu~> v.intr. to be
enraged because of displeasure.

£&0vu& /ru~d˙.vu~/ <ruu~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. 1. torestrict 2. to stop.
re`a /re.k˙a/ <re.kha> fem. a line.
re`a&= /re.ka~mß/ <re.kha~.ß\> masc. alongitude.

£6u& /ru.Îu~/ <ruu.Îu~> adj. graceful.
rec /rec/ <re.c\> masc. a purgative.
£7 /ruÎ˙/ <ruu.Îh\> adj. traditionallyestablished.

re6 /reÎ/ <re.Î\> fem. a raid.

£i7 /ru.Î˙i/ <ruu.Îhi> fem. a custom.

re6vu& /reÎ.vu~/ <re.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to pour.

£p /rup/ <ruu.p\> neut. 1. appearance,
2. form.

rei7yaX /re.Î˙i.jaÆ/ <re.Îhi.ja.Æ\> adj. 1.
stray, 2. ownerless and wandering.

£pk /ru.p\k/ <ruu.p\.k\> neut. a
metaphor.

re7u& /re.Î˙u~/ <re.Îhu~> adj. uncared forby any one.

£pre`a /rup.re.k˙a/ <ruu.p\.re.kha>
fem. an outline.

re8 /re¯/ <re.¯\> neut. a substance forsoldering metals.

£paXu& /ru.pa.Æu~/ <ruu.pa.Æu~> adj.
beautiful.

retI /re.ti/ <re.tii> fem. sand.

£pa&tr /ru.pa~n.t\r/ <ruu.pa~.t\.r\> neut.
transformation.

rebzeb /reb.Ô˙eb/ <re.b\.Ôhe.b\> adj.
wet with perspiration.
rel /rel/ <re.l\> fem. flood.

£ipyo /ru.pi.jo/ <ruu.pi.jo> masc.
India’s currency.
£p&u /ru.pu~/ <ruu.pu~> neut. silver.
£b£ /rub.ru/ <ruu.b\.ruu> advb. in thepresence of.
£mzUm /rum.Ô˙um/ <ruu.m\.Ôhuu.m\>
advb. with the sounds of jingling
anklets.

relm2el /re.l\m.c˙el/ <re.l\.m\.che.l\>fem. an overflow.
relavu& /re.la.vu~/ <re.la.vu~> v.intr. tospread like a stream.
relo /re.lo/ <re.lo> masc. a small thinflow.
re=m /re.ß\m/ <re.ßh\.m\> neut. silken.

175

resadar /re.sa.dar/ <re.sa.da.r\> adj.
fibrous.

ronk /ro.n\k/ <ro.n\.k\> fem. beauty.

reso /re.so/ <re.so> masc. fiber.

ropvu& /rop.vu~/ <ro.p\.vu~> v.tr. 1. toplant, 2. to sow.

re&kvu& /r´~k.vu~/ <re~.k\.vu~> v.intr. tobellow (of cow, buffalo).

roma&c /ro.ma~µc/ <ro.ma~.c\> masc. athrill.

rok6 /ro.k\Î/ <ro.k\.Î\> fem. cash.

rovu& /ro.vu~/ <ro.vu~> v.intr. to cry.

rok6Iyu& /ro.k\.Îi.ju~/ <ro.k\.Îii.ju~> adj.
dealing in cash.

ro=nI /roß.ni/ <ro.Ô\.nii> fem.
illumination.

rokvu& /rok.vu~/ <ro.k\> v.tr. to stop.

roq /roß/ <ro.s°\> masc. 1. anger, 2.
wrath.

roka8 /ro.ka¯/ <ro.ka.¯\> neut. delay.
rog /rog/ <ro.g\> masc. disease.
roigyu& /ro.gi.ju~/ <ro.gi.ju~> adj. sick.
roj /roÔ/ <ro.Ô\> masc. 1. a day, 2. adate.
roj /roÔ/ <ro.Ô\> masc. a daily wage.
rojnI=I /roÔ.ni.ßi/ <ro.Ô\.nii.ßii> fem. adiary.
rojbroj /roÔ.b\.roÔ/ <ro.Ô\.b\.ro.Ô\>
advb. everyday.
ro@ /ro.Ôi/ <ro.Ôii> fem. maintenance.
rojo /ro.Ôo/ <ro.Ôo> masc. a fast-day for
Muslim.
ro4lI /roˇ.li/ <ro.ˇ\.lii> fem. a thin, soft
circular bread of wheat flour.
rotl /ro.t\l/ <ro.t\.l\> adj. apt to weep
over trifles.

rO± /r\u.dr\/ <r\u.dr\> adj. 1. terrible,
2. horrible.

llkvo /l\k.vo/ <l\.k\.vo> masc.
paralysis.
lx8 /l\k.ß\¯/ <l\.kß\.¯\> neut. 1. asign, 2. a symptom, 3. quality.
låmI /l\k.ßmi/ <l\.kß\.mii> fem. thewide of lord Vishnu and the goddess ofwealth.
l`pit /l\k˙.p\.ti/ <l\.kh\.p\.ti> masc.
a millionaire.
l`lU4 /l\k˙.luˇ/ <l\.kh\.luu.ˇ\> adj.
abundant.
l`vu& /l\k˙.vu~/ <l\.kh\.vu~> v.tr. towrite.

176l`a8 /l\.k˙a¯/ <l\.kha.¯\> neut.
written material.

lckvu& /l\.c\k.vu~/ <l\.c\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
to bend down because of burden.

l`av4 /l\.k˙a.v\ˇ/ <l\.kha.v\.ˇ\> fem.
writing.

lcko /l\c.ko/ <l\.c\.ko> masc. a lumpof a viscous substance.

l`o4I /l\.k˙o.ˇi/ <l\.kho.ˇii> fem. amarble.

lcpc /l\c.p\c/ <l\.c\.p\.c\> adj.
viscous and doughy.

lg6I /l\g.Îi/ <l\.g\.Îii> fem. a bar ofgold.

ljam8I /l\.Ôam.¯i/ <l\.Ôa.m\.¯ii> fem. akind of plant whose leaves contract
when we touch.

lgn /l\.g\n/ <l\.g\.n\> neut. marriage.
lg-g /l\g.b˙\g/ <l\.g\.bh\.g\> advb.
approximately.
lgatar /l\.ga.tar/ <l\.ga.ta.r\> advb.
nonstop.

ljavvu& /l\.Ôav.vu~/ <l\.Ôa.v\.vu~> v.tr. todisgrace.
ljja /l\Ô.Ôa/ <l\.ÔÔa> fem. modesty.
l4 /l\ˇ/ <l\.ˇ\> fem. a thin string of
hair.

lgam /l\.gam/ <l\.ga.m\> fem. 1. thebit of bridle, 2. control.

l4kvu& /l\.ˇ\k.vu~/ v.intr. to hang.

lgavvu& /l\.gav.vu~/ <l\.ga.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.
to smear with, 2. to join.

l4kaXu& /l\ˇ.ka.Æu~/ <l\.ˇ\.ka.Æu~> adj. apt
to walk.

lgI /l\.gi/ <l\.gii> advb. 1. till, 2. up to.

l4ku& /l\ˇ.ku~/ <l\.ˇ\.ku~> neut. a gracefulexpression or physical attitude.

lgolg /l\.go.l\g/ <l\.go.l\.g\> postp.
very near.
lGn /l\g.n\/ <l\.gn\> neut. marriage.

l6t /l\.Î\t/ <l\.Î\.t\> fem. a fight.
l6vu& /l\Î.vu~/ <l\.Î\.vu~> v.intr. 1. tofight, 2. to quarrel.

l3rv3r /l\.g˙\r.v\.g˙\r/<l\.g\.r\.v\.g\.r\> adj. tattered.

l6a: /l\.Îai/ <l\.Îa.ii> fem. a battle.

l3u /l\.g˙u/ <l\.ghu> adj. small.

l6ayk /l\.Îa.j\k/ <l\.Îa.j\.k\> adj. 1.
warlike, 2. inclined to fight.

l3utm /l\.g˙u.t\m/ <l\.ghu.t\.m\> adj.
minimum.
l3umtI /l\.g˙u.m\.ti/ <l\.ghu.m\.tii>
fem. minority.

l78 /l\.Î˙\¯/ <l\.Îh\.¯\> fem.
manner.

177
l8vu& /l\¯.vu~/ <l\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. 1. toreap, 2. to harvest.

lpavu& /l\.pa.vu~/ <l\.pa.vu~> v.intr. tohide oneself.

lt /l\t/ <l\.t\> fem. habit.

lpe4vu& /l\.peˇ.vu~/ <l\.pe.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. 1.
to wrap, 2. to involve someone.

l]ao /l\t.to/ <l\.tto> masc. 1. a locality,
2. a street.
l96vu& /l\.t˙\Î.vu~/ <l\.th\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to stumble, 2. to deteriorate.
l96Iyu& /l\.t˙\.Îi.ju~/ <l\.ˇh\.Îii.ju~> neut.
stumbling.
lpkvu& /l\.p\k.vu~/ <l\.p\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
to be scorched.
lpkaro /l\p.ka.ro/ <l\.p\.ka.ro> masc.
repeated scorching or stinging pain.
lp2p /l\p.c˙\p/ <l\.p\.ch\.p\> fem.
underhand maneuvering.
lp4 /l\.p\ˇ/ <l\.p\.ˇ\> fem. . a swoop,
2. a pouncing upon.
lp4vu& /l\.p\ˇ.vu~/ <l\.p\.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. totrap someone.

lpe6vu& /l\.peÎ.vu~/ <l\.pe.Î\.vu~> v.tr. tobesmear thickly.
lpe6o /l\.pe.Îo/ <l\.pe.Îo> masc. athick layer.
lPp6 /l\p.p\Î/ <l\.pp\.Î\> fem. a slap.
lPpn2Ppn /l\p.p\n.c˙\p.p\n/<l\.pp\.n\.ch\.pp\.n\> fem. uselessworry or discussion.
lf6ff6 /l\.p˙\Î.p˙\.p˙\Î/<l\.ph\.Î\.ph\.ph\.Î\> advb. withdisorderly clothing.
lfru& /l\p˙.ru~/ <l\.ph\.ru~> neut. a lumpof the nose-mucus.
lb6vu& /l\.b\Î.vu~/ <l\.b\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.
to hand.

lp6ak /l\p.Îak/ <l\.p\.Îa.k\> fem. aslap.

lbaco /l\.ba.co/ <l\.ba.co> masc. adisorderly collection of cloths, broken
things and etc.

lplp /l\p.l\p/ <l\.p\.l\.p\> fem.
prattle.

lba6 /l\.baÎ/ <l\.ba.Î\> adj. roguish.

lpvu& /l\p.vu~/ <l\.p\.vu~> v.intr. to hide.

lm8azI&k /l\m.¯a.Ô˙i~k/ <l\.m\.¯a.Ôhi.k\>
fem. a tedious and useless discussion.

lpsvu& /l\.p\s.vu~/ <l\.p\.s\.vu~> v.intr.
to slip.

lm8u& /l\m.¯u~/ <l\.m\.¯u~> neut. thetemple.

lps8u& /l\.p\s.vu~/ <l\.p\.s\.vu~> adj.
slippery.

ly /l\j/ <l\.j\> masc. rhythm.

178llkar /l\l.kar/ <l\.l\.ka.r\> masc. aloud singing or utterance.

lso4vu& /l\.soˇ.vu~/ <l\.so.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. tomash.

llkarvu& /l\l.kar.vu~/ <l\.l\.ka.r\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to sing in a lingering tune, 2. tochallenge someone.

lha8I /l\.ha.¯i/ <l\.ha.¯ii> fem. gift
distributing among the relatives.

llcavu& /l\l.ca.vu~/ <l\.l\.ca.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to be enticed.

lhavo /l\.ha.vo/ <l\.ha.vo> masc. achance.
lihyo /l\.hi.jo/ <l\.hi.jo> masc. a scribe.

llna /l\l.na/ <l\.l\.na> fem. a beautiful
woman.
lvro /l\v.ro/ <l\.v\.ro> masc. a bruise
caused by the nail etc.
lvvu& /l\v.vu~/ <l\.v\.vu~> v.intr. 1. toprate, 2. to chatter.
lvajm /l\.va.Ô\m/ <l\.va.Ô\.m\> neut. aperiodic subscription.
lvadI /l\.va.di/ <l\.va.dii> fem.
pertaining to arbitration.
lvaru& /l\.va.ru~/ <l\.va.ru~> neut. 1. a kid(of goat) 2. a lamb.
lvaro /l\.va.ro/ <l\.va.ro> masc. prattle.
liv&g /l\.vi˜g/ <l\.vi~.g\> neut. a clove.
liv&igyu& /l\.vi˜.gi.ju~/ <l\.vi~.gi.ju~> adj. as
big as or shaped like a clove.
l+kr /l\ß.k\r/ <l\.ßk\.r\> neut. army.

lher /l\.her/ <l\.he.r\> fem. a wave.
lherI /l\.he.ri/ <l\.he.rii> adj. joyful.
lXvu& /l\Æ.vu~/ <l\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. to bend
down.
l&g6u& /l\˜g.Îu~/ <l\~.g\.Îu~> adj. 1. lame,
2. cripple.
l&g6o /l\˜g.Îo/ <l\~.g\.Îo> masc. a typeof a mango.
l&gr /l\˜.g\r/ <l\~.g\.r\> neut. ananchor.
l&gUr /l\˜.gur/ <l\~.guu.r\> masc. amonkey.
l&go4Iyu& /l\˜.go.ˇi.jo/ <l\~.go.ˇi.ju~> masc.
childhood (friend).
l&p4 /l\m.p\ˇ/ <l\~.p\.ˇ\> adj.
adulterous.

ls8 /l\.s\¯/ <l\.s\.¯\> neut. garlic.

l&bcors /l\mb.co.r\s/ <l\~.b\.co.r\.s\>adj. rectangular.

lsrko /l\.s\r.ko/ <l\.s\.r\.ko> masc. a
scratch.

l&bodr /l\m.bo.d\r/ <l\~.bo.d\.r\> adj.
pot-bellied.
lak6I /lak.Îi/ <la.k\.Îii> fem. a stick.

179

lak6u& /lak.Îu~/ <la.k\.Îu~> neut. 1. wood,
2. timber.
laxi8k /lak.ß\.nik/ <la.kß\.¯i.k\> adj.
1. peculiar, 2. typical.
la` /lak˙/ <la.kh\> fem. sealing-wax.
la` /lak˙/ <la.kh\> adj. one hundred
thousand.
la`u& /la.k˙u~/ <la.khu~> neut. a birthmark.

la6kvayu& /la.Î\k.va.ju~/ <la.Î\.k\.va.ju~>
adj. beloved (child).
la6vo /laÎ.vo/ <la.Î\.vo> masc. a kindof sweet.
la6u /la.Îu~/ <la.Îu> masc. a kind of
sweet.
lat /lat/ <la.t\> fem. a kick.
lad /lad/ <la.d\> fem. excretion ofsome quadrupeds such as horse.
ladvu& /lad.vu~/ <la.d\.vu~> v.tr. to load.

lag /lag/ <la.g\> masc. 1. a support, 2.
an opportunity.

ladI /la.di/ <la.dii> fem. flooring tile.

lag8I /lag.¯i/ <la.g\.¯ii> fem.
sentiment.

la0vu& /lad˙.vu~/ <la.dh\.vu~> v.exp. 1. tofind, 2. to get.

lagt /la.g\t/ <la.g\.t\> fem. local
taxes.

lap4 /la.p\ˇ/ <la.p\.ˇ\> fem. a slap.

lagvg /lag.v\g/ <la.g\.v\.g\> fem.
influence (for getting gain illegally).

laprva /la.p\r.va/ <la.p\.r\.va> adj.
careless.

lagvu& /lag.vu~/ <la.g\.vu~> v.exp. to feel.

lap=I /lap.ßi/ <la.p\.ßii> fem. a sweet ofthat name.

lagvu& /lag.vu~/ <la.g\.vu~> v.intr. tokindle.

lafo /la.p˙o/ <la.pho> masc. a slept.

lacar /la.car/ <la.ca.r\> adj. helpless.

la- /lab˙/ <la.bh\> masc. 1. advantage,
2. benefit.

laj /laÔ/ <la.Ô\> fem. 1. credit, 2.
reputation.

layk /la.j\k/ <la.j\.k\> adj. suitable.

la4I /ma.ˇi/ <la.ˇii> fem. timber-market.
la5I /la.ˇ˙i/ <la.ˇhii> fem. a thick stick.
la6 /laÎ/ <la.Î\> masc. pl. endearment.

lal /lal/ <la.l\> adj. red.
lalc /la.l\c/ <la.l\.c\> fem. greed.
lalcu& /lal.cu~/ <la.l\.cu~> adj. greedy.

180
lalsa /lal.sa/ <la.l\.sa> fem. intense
desire.

il&g /li˜.g\/ <li~.g\> neut. 1. a sign, 2.
the idol of Lord Shiva, 3. the generative
organ of the male.

lala= /la.laß/ <la.la.ß\> fem. redness.
il&bu /lim.bu~/ <li~.bu~> neut. a lemon.
lailma /la.li.ma/ <la.li.ma> fem.
redness.

il&bu6I /lim.bu.Îi/ <li~.bu.Îii> fem. alemon-tree.

lalI /la.li/ <la.lii> fem. redness.
lavrI /lav.ri/ <la.v\.rii> fem. a kind ofbird.
lavvu& /lav.vu~/ <la.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tobring, 2. to fetch, 3. to buy.
la= /laß/ <la.ß\> fem. a corpse.
laX /laÆ/ <la.Æ\> fem. 1. saliva, 2.
spittle.
laXo /la.Æo/ <la.Æo> masc. a burningcoal.

il&boXI /lim.bo.Æi/ <li~.bo.Æii> fem. thefruit of a neem tree.
lI` /lik˙/ <lii.kh\> fem. 1. an egg of alouse, 2. a nit.
lIcI /li.ci/ <lii.cii> fem. a kind of fruittree or its fruit.
lI4I /li.ˇi/ <lii.ˇii> fem. a line.
lIm6I /lim.Îi/ <lii.m\.Îii> fem. a kindof neem tree.

la&38 /la~˜.g\¯/ <la~.g\.¯\> fem. fasting.

lIm6o /lim.Îo/ <lii.m\.Îo> masc. aneem tree.

la&c /la~c/ <la~.c\> fem. a bribe.

lIlm /li.l\m/ <lii.l\.m\> neut. emerald.

la&bu& /la~.bu~/ <la~.bu~> adj. long.

lIla /li.la/ <lii.la> fem. play.

ili`t /li.k˙it/ <li.khi.t\> adj. written.

lIlalher /li.la.l\.her/ <lii.la.l\.he.r\>fem. complete happiness.

iljjt /liÔ.Ô\t/ <li.ÔÔ\.t\> fem. keen joy.
ilip /li.pi/ <li.pi> fem. script.
illam /li.lam/ <li.la.m\> neut. auction.
ilso4o /li.so.ˇo/ <li.so.ˇo> masc. 1. a thinline 2. a bruise.

lIla= /li.laß/ <lii.la.ß\> fem. greenness.
lIlu& /li.lu~/ <lii.lu~> neut. green.
lIsu& /li.su~/ <lii.su~> adj. smooth.
lI&4 /li~ˇ/ <lii~.ˇ\> neut. nasal mucus.
lI&6I& /li~¯.Îi/ <lii~.Îii> fem. excrement ofgoat etc.

181
lU4 /luˇ/ <luu.ˇ\> fem. robbing.
lI&p8 /li~.p\¯/ <lii~.p\.¯\> neut. daubing
with cow-dung, clay etc.
lI&pvu& /li~p.vu~/ <lii~.p\.vu~> v.tr. to daubwith cow-dung, clay etc.
luCca: /luc.cai/ <lu.cca.ii> fem.
cunningness.
luCcu& /luc.cu~/ <lu.ccu~> adj. cunning.
lu2i8yu& /lu.c˙\.¯i.ju~/ <lu.ch\.¯i.ju~> neut.
jute cloth for wiping.
lu4aru /lu.ˇa.ru/ <lu.ˇa.ru> masc. arobber.
luhar /lu.har/ <lu.ha.r\> masc. a
blacksmith.
lu&gI /lu˜.gi/ <luu~.gii> fem. a cylindricalgarment worn round the waist andcovering the legs.

lU4vu& /luˇ.vu~/ <luu.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. to rob.
lU8 /lu¯/ <luu.¯\> neut. salt.
lU8o /lu.¯o/ <luu.¯o> masc. the effectsof combination with salt.
lUm /lum/ <luu.m\> fem. a bunch.
lUlI /lu.li/ <luu.lii> fem. the tongue(derogatory).
lUlu& /lu.lu~/ <lu.lu~> adj. lame.
le` /lek˙/ <le.kh\> masc. 1. an article,
2. a writing.
le`k /le.k˙\k/ <le.kh\.k\> masc. awriter (male)le`n /le.k˙\n/ <le.kh\.n\> neut.
writing.

lU /lu/ <luu> fem. sunstroke.

le`u& /le.k˙u~/ <le.khu~> neut. account.

lU`s /lu.k˙\s/ <luu.kh\.s\> fem. a kindof skin-disease.

le`e /le.k˙e/ <le.khe> advb. at the rate.

lU`u& /lu.k˙u~/ <luu.khu~> adj. dry(without oil, ghee etc.).
lug6a&l]aa& /lug.Îa~.l\t.ta~/<luu.g\.Îa~.l\.tta~> neut. pl. clothes andsimilar other things.
lUg6u& /lug.Îu~/ <luu.g\.Îu~> neut. 1. agarment, 2. a sari, 3. an article of dress.
lU2vu& /luc˙.vu~/ <lu.ch\.vu~> v.tr. towipe.

le8dar /l´¯.dar/ <le.¯\.da.r\> adj. acreditor.
le8de8 /le¯.de¯/ <le.¯\.de.¯\> fem.
relation of financial transaction.
lep /lep/ <le.p\> masc. coating.
lepvu& /lep.vu~/ <le.p\.vu~> v.tr. to coat.
lebas /le.bas/ <le.ba.s\> masc.
costume.

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le-agu /le.b˙a.gu/ <le.bha.gu~> adj.
unreliable (person).

loko]ar /lo.kot.t\r/ <lo.ko.tt\.r\> adj.
super-human.

levadeva /le.va.de.va/ <le.va.de.va> fem.
1. relation, 2. concern.

lo`&6 /lo.k˙\¯Î/ <lo.kh\~.Î\> neut. iron.

levu& /le.vu~/ <le.vu~> v.tr. 1. to take, 2. topurchase, 3. to accept.

locn /lo.c\n/ <lo.c\.n\> neut. the eye(poetic).
loco /lo.co/ <lo.co> masc. a lump.

lok /lok/ <lo.k\> masc. 1. people, 2. amythological region of the universe.
lokk9a /lok.k\.t˙a/ <lo.k\.k\.tha> fem.
a folktale.
lokgIt /lok.git/ <lo.k\.gii.t\> neut. afolksong.
lokccaR /lok.c\r.ca/ <lo.k\.c\.rca> fem.
popular talk.
lok@vn /lok.Ôi.v\n/ <lo.k\.Ôii.v\.n\>neut. social life.
lokip/y /lok.pri.j\/ <lo.k\.pri.j\> adj.
popular.
lok-oGy /lok.b˙og.j\/ <lo.k\.bho.gj\>
adj. capable of being understood by themasses.
lokmt /lok.m\t/ <lo.k\.m\.t\> masc.
public opinion.
lok=ahI /lok.ßa.hi/ <lo.k\.ßa.hii> fem.
democracy.
lokiht /lok.hit/ <l> neut. public welfare.
lokacar /lo.ka.car/ <lo.ka.ca.r\> masc.
social customs.
lokoikt /lo.kok.ti/<lo.ko.kti> fem. aproverb.

lo4 /loˇ/ <lo.ˇ\> masc. 1. flour, 2. fine
powder.
lo4vu& /loˇ.vu~/ <lo.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. to rollon around.
lo7I /lo.Î˙i/ <lo.Îhii> fem. an iron pan.
lo7u& /lo.Î˙u~/ <lo.Îhu~> neut. iron.
lop /lop/ <lo.p\> masc. 1. merger, 2.
assimilation.
lopvu& /lop.vu~/ <lo.p\.vu~> v.intr. tohide.
lofr /lo.p˙\r/ <lo.ph\.r\> adj. avagabond.
lo- /lob˙/ <lo.bh\> masc. greed.
lo-am8u& /lo.b˙am.¯u~/ <lo.bha.m\.¯u~>adj. enticing.
lo-I /lo.b˙i/ <lo.bhii> adj. greedy.
lohcu&bk /loh.cum.b\k/ <lo.h\.cu~.b\.k\>neut. a magnet.
lohIyaX /lo.hi.jaÆ/ <lo.hii.ja.Æ\> adj. 1.
bloody, 2. violent, 3. stained with blood.
lohI /lo.hi/ <lo.hii> neut. blood.

183
lohIwkaXo /lo.hi.u.ka.Æo/ <lo.hii.u.ka.Æo>masc. quarrel.

v`a8 /v\.k˙a¯/ <v\.kha.¯\> masc.
praise.

lohIluha8 /lo.hi.lu.ha¯/ <lo.hii.lulha.¯\>
adj. bleeding heavily.

v`a8vu& /v\.k˙a¯.vu~/ <v\.kha.¯\.vu~>
v.tr. to praise.

lohIva /lo.hi.va/ <lo.hii.va> masc. akind of disease related to blood.

v`ar /v\.k˙ar/ <v\.kha.r\> fem. a store
house.

loiXyu& /lo.Æi.ju~/ <lo.Æi.ju~> neut. earornament for women.

v`o6vu& /v\.k˙oÎ.vu~/ <v\.kho.Î\.vu~>
v.tr. 1. to find faults, 2. to criticize.

lo&do /lø~.do/ <lo~.do> masc. a lump of
sticky.

vg6aw /v\g.Îau/ <v\.g\.Îa.u~> adj.
pertaining to wood.

lOikk/l\u.kik/ <l\u.ki.k\> adj. worldly.

vg6o /v\g.Îo/ <v\.g\/Îo> masc.
barren region.

v
vkrvu& /v\.k\r.vu~/ <v\.k\.r\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to deteriorate 2. to worsen.
vkro /v\k.ro/ <v\.k\.ro> masc. sale.
vkIl /v\.kil/ <v\.kii.l\> masc. alawyer.
vkIlatnamu& /v\.ki.lat.na.mu~/<v\.kii.la.t\.na.mu~> neut. power ofattorney.

vgr /v\.g\r/ <v\.g\.r\> postp. without.
vga6vu& /v\.gaÎ.vu~/ <v\.ga.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
to cause to sound (of musicalinstrument).
vga6vu& /v\.gaÎ.vu~/ <v\.ga.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to harm, 2. to injure.
vgere /v\.ge.re/ <v\.ge.re> advb. etcetera.
vgo /v\.go/ <v\.go> masc. a locality.

vktVy /v\k.t\v.j\/ <v\.kt\.vj\> neut. aspeech.

vgovvu& /v\.gov.vu~/ <v\.go.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to defame.

vkta /v\k.ta/ <v\.kta> masc. a speaker.

v3ar /v\.g˙ar/ <v\.gha.r\> masc. theact of sizzling a liquid dish with boiled
mixture of ghee or oil and spices.

v`t /v\.k˙\t/ <v\.kh\.t\> masc. time.
v`tov`t /v\.k˙\.to.v\.k˙\t/<v\.kh\.to.v\.kh\.t\> advb. 1. often,
2. frequently.

v3arvu& /v\.g˙ar.vu~/ <v\.gha.r\.vu~> v.tr.
to sizzle a liquid dish with boiled ghee oroil and spices.

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vcgaXo /vc.ga.Æo/ <v\.c\.ga.Æo> masc.
in middle part of time.
vcn /v\.c\n/ <v\.c\.n\> neut.
promise.
vcn /v\.c\n/ <v\.c\.n\> neut. number(grammatical).
vclu& /v\c.lu~/ <v\.c\.lu~> adj. 1. middle,
2. intermediate.
vCce /v\c.ce/ <v\.cce> postp. in the
middle.
v2U4vu& /v\.c˙uˇ.vu~/ <va.chu.ˇ\.vu~>
v.intr. to go off suddenly.
v2eru& /v\.c˙e.ru~/ <va.che.ru~> neut. a
colt.

v4avvu& /v\.ˇav.vu~/ <v\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.
to exchange a big coin/ bill for smaller
ones, 2. to encash a draft, note or checks
etc.
v4avvu& /v\.ˇav.vu~/ <v\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. topass by or cross safely.
v4emaguR /v\.ˇe.mar.gu/ <v\.ˇe.ma.rgu>
masc. a traveler.
v6 /v\Î/ <v\Î> masc. a banyan tree.
v6vo /v\Î.vo/ <v\.Î\.vo> masc. anancestor.
v6ssro /v\Î.s\s.ro/ <v\.Î\.s\.s\.ro>masc. father of a father-in-law.
v6sasu /v\Î.sa.su~/ <v\.Î\.sa.su> fem.
mother of a father-in-law.

v2erI /v\.c˙e.ri/ <v\.che.rii> fem. a filly.
v2o6vu& /v\.c˙oÎ.vu~/ <v\.cho.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
to separate.
vjn /v\.Ô\n/ <v\.Ô\.n\> neut. 1.
weight, 2. burden.
v4 /v\ˇ/ <v\.ˇ\> masc. reputation.
v4lavu& /v\ˇ.la.vu~/ <v\.ˇ\.la.vu~> v.tr. 1.
to become a religious/ caste convert, 2.
to be polluted because of food, drinks
etc.
v4hukm /v\ˇ.hu.k\m/ <v\.ˇ\.hu.k\.m\>masc. an ordinance.
v4a8a /v\.ˇa.¯a/ <v\.ˇa.¯a> masc. akind of beans.
v4av /v\.ˇav/ <v\.ˇa.v\> masc.
discount.

v6Il /v\.Îil/ <v\.Îii.l\> adj. elder
person in a family.
v6IlopaijRt /v\.Îi.lo.par.Ôit/<v\.Îi.lo.pa.rÔi.t\> adj. acquired orerned by ancestors.
v6e /v\.Îe/ <v\.Îe> postp. 1. by, 2.
with.
v7vu& /v\Î˙.vu~/ <v\.Îh\.vu~> v.intr. toquarrel.
v8kr /v\¯.k\r/ <v\.¯\.k\.r\> masc. a
weaver.
v8jar /v\¯.Ôar/ <v\.¯\.Ôha.r\> fem. acraven.
v8vu& /v\¯.vu~/ <v\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. 1. toweave, 2. to intertwine and make, 3. toroll bread, 4. to pick or gather crops.

185

v8svu& /v\.¯\s.vu~/ <v\.¯\.s\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to worsen, 2. to deteriorate.
v8a4 /v\.¯aˇ/ <v\.¯a.ˇ\> masc. texture.
vtn /v\.t\n/ <v\.t\.n\> neut. native
place.

v0are /v\.d˙a.re/ <v\.dha.re> adj. 1.
more, 2. additional.
v0avvu& /v\.d˙av.vu~/ <v\.dha.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to welcome gladly.
v0u /v\.d˙u/ <v\.dhu> adj. more.
v0U /v\.d˙u/ <v\.dhuu> fem. a wife.

vtnI /v\t.ni/ <v\.t\.ni> adj. a native.
vtI /v\.ti/ <v\.tii> postp. on behalf of.
vd /v\d/ <v\.d\> fem. the dark half of a
lunar month.
vdn /v\.d\n/ <v\.d\.n\> neut. the face(poetic).
v¥I /v\d.di/ <v\.ddii> fem. reminder(in mathematics).

v0ervu& /v\.d˙er.vu~/ <v\.dhe.r\.vu~> v.tr.
to offer as a sacrifice.
vn /v\n/ <v\.n\> neut. forest.
vnraj /v\n.raÔ/ <v\.n\.ra.Ô\> masc. theking of the forest- lion.
vnSpit /v\.n\s.p\.ti/ <v\.n\.sp\.ti>fem. 1. trees, plants, etc. 2. vegetation.

v0 /v\d˙/ <v\.dh\> masc. a slaughter.

vpra= /v\p.raß/ <v\.p\.ra.ß\> masc. 1.
use, 2. consumption.

v0vu& /v\d˙.vu~/ <v\.dh\.vu~> v.intr. 1. togrow, 2. to increase.

vfadar /v\.p˙a.dar/ <v\.pha.da.r\> adj.
faithful.

v0vu& /v\d˙.vu~/ <v\.dh\.vu~> v.intr. toremain as a residue.

vmn /v\.m\n/ <v\.m\.n\> neut.
vomiting.

v0a: /v\.d˙a.i/ <v\.dha.ii> fem. goodnews.

vmX /v\.m\Æ/ <v\.m\.Æ\> masc.
whirlpool.

v0am8u& /v\.d˙am.¯u~/ <v\.dha,m\.¯u~>neut. a ceremonial worship of goddesson an auspicious event.

vy /v\j/ <v\.j\> fem. age.

v0arvu& /v\.d˙ar.vu~/ <v\.dha.r\.vu~> v.tr.
to increase.
v0arvu& /v\.d˙ar.vu~/ <v\.dha.r\.vu~> v.tr.
to save.

vyov<)0 /v\.jo.vrud˙.d˙\/<v\.jo.vr≤u.dhdh\> adj. 1. old, 2.
elderly.
vr /v\r/ <v\.r\> masc. a bridegroom.
vr` /v\.r\k˙/ <v\.r\.kh\> masc. a verythin layer of gold or sliver.

186

vr3o6Iya& /v\r.g˙o.Îi.ja~/<v\.r\.gho.Îii.ja~> neut. pl. people
accompanying a marriage procession.
vr3o6o /masc./ <v\.r\.gho.Îo> masc. amarriage procession.
vr8 /v\.r\¯/ <v\.r\.¯\> fem. 1. a caste,
2. a social class.

vraX /v\.raÆ/ <v\.ra.Æ\> fem. 1. steam,
2. vapor.
viryaXI /v\.ri.ja.Æi/ <v\.ri.ja.Æii> fem.
fennel seed.
virQ5 /v\.riß.ˇ˙\/ <v\.ri.s°ˇh\> adj. chief.
vru /v\.ru/ <v\.ru> neut. a wolf.
vre6u& /v\.re.Îu~/ <v\.re.Îu~> neut. a rope.

vr8aigyu& /v\r.¯a.gi.ju~/ <v\.r\.¯a.gi.ju~>
adj. 1. foppish, 2. vainly showy.
vr8I /v\r.¯i/ <v\.r\.¯ii> fem. selection.

vro /v\.ro/ <v\.ro> masc. a castedinner.
vgR /v\r.g\/ <v\.rg\> masc. a class.

vrtvu& /v\.r\t.vu~/ <v\.r\.t\.vu~> v.intr.
to behave.
vrtaro /v\r.ta.ro/ <v\.r\.ta.ro> masc. 1.
a prediction, 2. a forcast.
vrdan /v\r.dan/ <v\.r\.da.n\> neut.
blessing from a god, a saint etc.
vrmaXa /v\r.ma.Æa/ <v\.r\.ma.Æa> fem.
the garland that bride puts round theneck of the bridegroom.
vrraja /v\r.ra.Ôa/ <v\.r\.ra.Ôa> masc. a
bridegroom.
vrvu& /v\r.vu~/ <v\.r\.vu~> adj. 1. ugly, 2.
misshaped, 3. wicked.
vrsI /v\r.si/ <v\.r\.sii> fem. ceremony
performed on the first anniversary of
someone’s death.
vrs /v\.r\s/ <v\.r\.s\> neut. year.
vrsad /v\r.sad/ <v\.r\.sa.d\> masc.
rain.

vgRivg/h /v\rg.vig.r\h/<v\.rg\.vi.gr\.h\> masc. a class-war.
vcRs /v\r.c\s/ <v\.rc\.s\> neut.
controlling power.
vcRSvI /v\r.c\s.vi/ <v\.rc\.svii> adj.
powerful.
v8R /v\r.¯\/ <v\.r¯\> masc. color.
v8R /v\r.¯\/ <v\.r¯\> masc. letter.
v8R /v\r.¯\/ <v\.r¯\> fem. caste.
v8Rn /v\r.¯\n/ <v\.r¯\.n\> neut. 1.
description, 2. narration.
v8Rvvu& /v\r.¯\v.vu~/ <v\.r¯\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to describe, 2. to narrate.
v8Rs&kr /v\r.¯\.s\˜.k\r/<v\.r¯\.s\~.k\.r\> adj. born of parentsof different castes or religion.

187
v8aRnuk/m /v\r.¯a.nu.kr\m/<v\.rna.nu.kr\.m\> masc.
alphabetical order.
vtR8U&k /v\r.t\.¯u~k/ <v\.rt\.¯u~.k\> fem.
1. behavior, 2. conduct.
vtRn /v\r.t\n/ <v\.rt\.n\> neut. 1.
behavior, 2. conduct.

vsva4 /v\s.vaˇ/ <v\.s\.va.ˇ\> masc. 1.
residing, 2. dwelling, 3. stay.
vsvu& /v\s.vu~/ <v\.s\.vu~> v.intr. 1. todwell, 2. to reside.
vs&t /v\.s\nt/ <v\.s\~.t\> fem. thespring season.

vtRman /v\r.t\.man/ <v\.rt\.ma.n\> adj.
1. present, 2. current.

vsa8u& /v\.sa.¯u~/ <v\.sa.¯u~> neut. afood item made of various spices andeaten normally in winter.

vtRmankaX /v\r.t\.man.kaÆ/<v\.rt\.ma.n\> masc. present tense.

vsavvu& /v\.sav.vu~/ <v\.sa.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to cause to live.

vtRmanp{a /v\r.t\.man.p\t.r\/<v\.rt\.ma.n\.p\.tr\> neut. anewspaper.

vsavvu& /v\.sav.vu~/ <v\.sa.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to purchase durable things.

vtuRX /v\r.tuÆ/ <v\.rtu.Æ\> neut. a circle.

vsaht /v\.sa.h\t/ <v\.sa.h\.t\> fem. asettlement.

vqR /v\r.ß\/ <v\.rs°\> neut. an year.

visyt /v\.si.j\t/ <v\.si.j\.t\> fem.
inheritance.

vqaR¢tu /v\r.ßa.ru.tu/ <vv\.rs°a.r≤u.tu>
fem. the rainly season.

visytnamu& /v\.si.j\t.na.mu~/ <v\.si.j\.t\>neut. a will.

vl8 /v\.l\¯/ <v\.l\.¯\> neut. mental
inclination.

vsUkvu& /v\.suk.vu~/ <v\.su.k\.vu~> v.intr.
to cease yielding milk.

vlo8u& /v\.lo.¯u~/ <v\.lo.¯u~> neut. achurning rod.

vsUlat /v\.su.lat/ <v\.su.la.t\> fem. an
act of recovering money.

vlopat /v\.lo.pat/ <v\.lo.pa.t\> masc.
restlessness and dejection.

vStI /v\s.ti/ <v\.stii> fem. population.

vlopaityu& /v\.lo.pa.ti,ju~/ <v\.lo.pa.ti.ju~>
adj. inclined to be restless and deject.
vsit /v\s.ti/ <v\.s\.ti> fem. population.
vsvso /v\s.v\.so/ <v\.s\.v\.so> masc.
1. remorse, 2. grudge.

vStIg8trI /v\s.ti.g\.¯\t.ri/<v\.stii.g\.¯\.t\.rii> fem. census.
vStIp{ak /v\s.ti.p\t.r\k/<v\.stii.p\.tr\.k\> neut. a census
record.

188
vStu /v\s.tu/ <v\.stu> fem. a thing.
vS{a /v\s.tr\/ <v\.str\> neut. a garment.
vha8 /v\.ha¯/ <v\.ha.¯\> neut. a ship.
vhal /v\.hal/ <v\.ha.l\> neut.
affection.
vhI /v\.hi/ <v\.hii> fem. an accountbook.
vhIv4 /v\.hi.v\ˇ/ <v\.hii.v\.ˇ\> masc.
an administration.
vhIv4I /v\.hi.v\.ˇi/ <v\.hii.v\.ˇii> adj.
administrative.

vheXo /v\.he.Æo/ <v\.he.Æo> masc. a
stream.
vhe&c8I /fem./ <v\.he~.c\.¯ii> fem.
distribution.
vhe&cvu& /v\.h´~c.vu~/ <v\.he~.c\.vu~> v.tr. to
distribute.
vhorvu& /v\.hor.vu~/ <v\.ho.r\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to purchase 2. to undertake a risk
thoughtlessly.
vX /v\Æ/ <v\.Æ\> masc. a twist.
vXg8 /v\Æ.g\¯/ <v\.Æ\.g\.¯\> neut. 1.
a relation, 2. a connection.

vhIv&co /v\.hi.v\µ.co/ <v\.hii.v\~.co>masc. a bard keeping the record ofgenealogical tree.

vXgvu& /v\.Æ\g.vu~/ <v\.Æ\.g\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to cling, 2. to stick to.

vhu /v\.hu/ <v\.hu> fem. a wife.

vXga6 /v\Æ.gaÎ/ <v\.Æ\.ga.Î\> masc. 1.
ghost, 2, an evil spirit.

vhem /v\.hem/ <v\.he.m\> masc. 1.
suspicion, 2. doubt.
vhemI /v\.he.mi/ <v\.he,mii> adj.
suspicious.
vhelu& /v\.he.lu~/ <v\.he.lu~> adj. early.
vhevar /v\.he.var/ <v\.he,va.r\> masc.
day to day interaction.
vhevaru& /v\.he.va.ru~/ <v\.he.va.ru~> adj.
honest in day to day interaction.

vXtr /v\Æ.t\r/ <v\.Æ\.t\.r\> neut. 1.
profit, 2. remuneration.
vXvu& /v\Æ.vu~/ <v\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to be
twisted, 2. to be bent.
vXvu& /v\Æ.vu~/ <v\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. toreturn.
vXavvu& /v\.Æav.vu~/ <v\.Æa.v\.vu~> v.tr. tosee one off.
vXa&k /v\.Æa~˜k/ <v\.Æa~.k\> masc. a turn.

vhevu& /v\.he.vu~/ <v\.he.vu~> v.intr. toflow.

vXI /v\.Æi/ <v\.Æii> advb. besides.

vheiXyu& /v\.he.Æi.ju~/ <v\.he.Æi.ju~> neut. asmall stream.

v&4oX /v\¯.ˇoÆ/ <v\~.ˇo.Æ\> masc.
whirlwind.

189
v&4oXIyo /v\¯.ˇo.Æi.jo/ <v\~.ˇo.Æii.jo> masc.
whirlwind.

va38 /va.g˙\¯/ <va.gh\.¯\> fem.
tigress.

v&trI /v\n.t\.ri/ <v\~.t\.ri> fem. a female
ghost.

vack /va.c\k/ <va.c\.k\> masc. reader.

v&dn /v\n.d\n/ <v\~.d\.n\> neut. a
respectful bow.
v&dna /v\n.da.na/ <v\~.d\.na> fem. 1. abowing, 2. a salutation, 3. a prayer.

vacn /\va.c\n/ <va.c\.n\> neut.
reading.
vacnaly /va.c\.na.l\j/ <va.c\.na.l\.j\>neut. a library.
vaca /va.ca/ <va.ca> fem. a speech

v&do /v\n.do/ <v\.ndo> masc. a
cockroach.
v&= /v\mß/ <v\~.ß\> masc. descendents.
v&=pr&pra /v\mß.p\.r\m.p\.ra/<v\~.ß\.p\.r\~.p\.ra> fem. a femily-tree.

vaCya9R /vac.jar.t˙\/ <va.cja.rth\> adj.
literal meaning.
va26I /vac˙.Îi/ <va.ch\.Îii> fem. afemale calf.
vaj /vaÔ/ <va.Ô\> adj. tired.

va /va/ <va> advb. or.
va /va/ <va> masc. wind.
va /va/ <va> masc. rheumatism.
vaky /vak.j\/ <va.kj\> neut. a sentence.

vajape4I /va.Ôa.pe.ˇi/ <va.Ôa.pe.ˇii> fem.
a harmonium.
vaij&{a /va.Ôin.tr\/ <va.Ôi~.tr\> neut. amusical organ.
va4 /vaˇ/ <va.ˇ\> fem. a road.

vagvu& /vag.vu~/ <va.g\.vu~> v.exp. 1. tobe injured, 2. to be wounded.

va4 /vaˇ/ <va.ˇ\> fem. a wick.

vagvu& /vag.vu~/ <va.g\.vu~> v.intr. to be
struck.

va4vu& /vaˇ.vu~/ <va.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. to poundor crush with a muller.

vagvu& /vag.vu~/ <va.g\.vu~> v.intr. to
strike (of a clock).

va4a3a4 /va.ˇa.g˙aˇ/ <va.ˇa.gha.ˇ\> fem.
negotiations.

vagoXvu& /va.goÆ.vu~/ <va.go.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to ruminate, 2. to chew and cud.

va6 /vaÎ/ <va.Î\> fem. 1. a hedge, 2. afence, 3. a railing.

va3 /va˙/ <va.gh\> masc. tiger.

va6kI /vaÎ.ki/ <va.Î\.kii> fem. a cuplike small vessel.

190
va6ab&0I /va.Îa.b\n.d˙i/ <va.Îa.b\~.dhii>
fem. group-ism.

vadiXyu& /va.d\.Æi.ju~/ <va.d\.Æi.ju~> adj.
cloudy.

va6I /va.Îi/ <va.Îii> fem. a farm of
nursing fruit or flower plants.

vadXu& /va.d\Æ/ <va.Î\.Æu~> neut. a cloud.
van /van/ <va.n\> masc. complexion.

va6o /va.Îo/ <va.Îo> masc. a backyard.
vangI /van.gi/ <va.n\.gii> fem. an item.
va7 /vaÎ˙/ <va.Îh\> masc. 1. a cut, 2. awound.
va7vu& /vaÎ˙.vu~/ <va.Îh\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tocut, 2. to reap.
vai8jy /va.¯iÔ.j\/ <va.¯i.Ôj\> neut. 1.
trade, 2. commerce.
vai8y8 /va.¯i.j\¯/ <va.¯i.j\.¯\> fem. 1.
a woman belonging to the Vania caste,
2. a Vani’s wife.
vai8yo /va.¯i.jo/ <va.¯i.jo> masc. a manof the Vania caste.
va8I /va.¯i/ <va.¯ii> fem. speech.
vat /vat/ <va.t\> fem. 1. a story, 2. anarrative.

vanr /va.n\r/ <va.n\.r\> masc. amonkey.
vam8u& /vam.¯u~/ <va.m\.¯u~> adj.
inferior.
vamn /va.man/ <va.m\.n\> adj.
dwarfish.
vay6a: /vaj.Îai/ <va.j\.Îa.ii> fem. overwisdom.
vay6u& /vaj.Îu~/ <va.j\.Îu~> adj. causing
gas in the body.
vaydo /vaj.do/ <va.j\.do> masc. 1.
promise, 2. a forward transaction.
vayro /vaj.ro/ <va.j\.ro> masc. wind.

vatcIt /vat.cit/ <va.t\.ci.t\> fem.
conversation.
vatavr8 /va.ta.v\.r\¯/ <va.ta.v\.r\.¯\>
neut. atmosphere.
vaTsLy /vat.s\l.j\/ <va.ts\.lj\> neut.
affection.
vad /vad/ <va.d\> masc. 1. debate, 2.
ism.
vadX /va.d\Æ/ <va.d\.Æ\> neut. a cloud.

vayro /vaj.ro/ <va.j\.ro> masc. a
popular or current trend.
vayVy /va.j\v.j\/ <va.j\.vj\> adj. NorthWest.
vayu /va.ju/ <va.ju~> masc. 1. wind, 2.
air.
vayu /va.ju/ <va.ju> masc. 1. gas, 2.
indigestion.
varvu& /var.vu~/ <va.r\.vu~> v.tr. 1. torestraint, 2. to prohibit.

191

vars /va.r\s/ <va.r\.s\> masc. an
inheritor.
varsagt /var.sa.g\t/ <va.ra.sa.g\.t\>adj. hereditary.

vavu& /va.vu~/ <va.vu~> v.tr. to give a birth
to a calf.
vavetr /va.ve.t\r/ <va.ve.t\.r\> neut. 1.
sowing, 2. planting.
vas /vas/ <va.s\> masc. a locality.

varso /var.so/ <va.r\.so> masc. 1.
legacy, 2. heritage, 3. inheritance.

vas /vas/ <va.s\> fem. smell.

var&var /va.r\m.var/ <va.r\~.va.r\> advb.
1. repeatedy, 2. now and again.

vas8 /va.s\¯/ <va.s\.¯\> neut. 1. avessel, 2. a utensil.

varafrtI /va.ra.p˙\r.ti/ <va.ra.ph\.r\.tii>
advb. one after another.

vas8kUs8 /va.s\¯.ku.s\¯/<va.s\.¯\.kuu.s\.¯\> neut. pl. kitchenutensils.

vare36Iye /va.re.g˙\.Îi.je/<va.re.gh\.Îii.je> advb. frequently.
varo /va.ro/ <va.ro> masc. turn.

vasna /vas.na/ <va.s\.na> fem. 1. desire
for worldly happiness, 2. passion.
vasvuU& /vas.vu~/ <va.s\.vu~> v.tr. to close.

vataR /var.ta/ <va.rta> fem. 1. a stroy, 2.
a narrative.

vasI /va.si/ <va.sii> adj. stale.

vaiqRk /var.ßik/ <va.rs°i.k\> adj. 1.
yearly, 2. annual.

vaStv /vas.t\v/ <va.st\.v\> neut. a
reality.

val /val/ <va.l\> masc. a kind of pluse.

vaStivk /vas.t\.bik/ <va.st\.vi.k\> adj.
real.

valoX /va.loÆ/ <va.lo.Æ\> fem. a green
pod of kind of pulse used as a vegetable.
vav /vav/ <va.v\> fem. a step-well.
vav4o /vav.ˇo/ <va.v\.ˇo> masc. a flag.
vav6 /va.v\Î/ <va.v\.Î\> masc. 1.
whereabouts, 2. news.
vav8I /vav.¯i/ <va.v\.¯ii> fem. asowing.
vavu& /va.vu~/ <va.vu~> v.intr. to blow.

vaStu /vas.tu/ <va.stu> neut. a ritual
performed before occupying a house.
vaStupUja /vas.tu. pu.Ôa./ <va.stu.puu.Ôa>fem. a ritual performed before
occupying a house.
vah /vah/ <va.h\> advb. 1. well-done,
2. bravo.
vahn /va.h\n/ <va.h\.n\> neut. avehicle.

192
vaihyat /va.hi.jat/ <va.hi.a.t\> adj. 1.
hollow, 2. bogus.

va&cvu& /va~c.vu~/ <va~.c\.vu~> v.tr. 1. toread, 2. to decipher.

vaX /vaÆ/ <va.Æ\> masc. hair.

va&z8u& /va~Ô˙.¯u~/ <va~.Ôh\.¯u~> adj. 1.
barren, 2. childless.

vaXvu& /vaÆ.vu~/ <va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tobend, 2. to roll.
vaXvu& /vaÆ.vu~/ <va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. 1. torepay, 2. to return.

va&7o /va~.Î˙o/ <va~.Îho> masc. abachelor on compusion.
va&dro /va~d.ro/ <va~.d\.ro> masc. a malemonkey.

vaXvu& /vaÆ.vu~/ <va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to sweep.
vaXvu& /vaÆ.vu~/ <va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. tochange the direction of a vehicle, wateretc.
vaX&d /va.Æ\nd/ <va.Æ\~.d\> masc. abarber.

va&drI /va~d.ri/ <va~.d\.rii> fem. a femalemonkey.
va&dru& /va~d.ru~/ <va~.d\.ru~> neut. amonkey.
va&0o /va~.d˙o/ <va~.dho> masc. 1.
opposition, 2. objection, 3. dispute.

vaXI /va.Æi/ <va.Æii> fem. a nose-ring.
va&s /va~s/ <va~.s\> masc. a bamboo.
vaXo /va.Æo/ <va.Æo> masc. a metallic
wire.
va&k /va~k/ <va~.k\> masc. 1. fault, 2.
defect.
va&k6o /va~k.Îo/ <va~.k\.Îo> masc. dowry
given to the bridegroom by the brideside.
va&ku& /va~.ku~/ <va~.ku~> adj. 1. crooked, 2.
bent, 3. curved.
va&ku&cUku& /va~.ku~.cu~.ku~/ <va~.ku~.cuu.ku~>
adj. zigzag.
va&3u& /va~.g˙u~/ <va~.ghu~> neut. a ravine.
va&cn /va~.c\n/ <va~.c\.n\> neut. areading.

va&sl6I /va~.s\l.Îi/ <va~.s\.l\.Îii> fem. aflute.
va&sXI /va~s.Æi/ <va~.s\.Æii> fem. a flute.
va&so /va~.so/ <va~.so> masc. the back.
ivk4 /vi.k\ˇ/ <vi.k\.ˇ\> adj. 1. tough, 2.
difficult.
ivkraX /vik.raÆ/ <vi.k\.ra.Æ\> adj.
terrible.
ivkLp /vi.k\l.p\/ <vi.k\.lp\> masc. analternative.
ivksvu& /vi.k\s.vu~/ <vi.k\.s\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to grow, 2. to develop, 3. to increase.
ivkist /vik.sit/ <vi.k\.si.t\> adj.
developed.

193

ivkar /vi.kar/ <vi.ka.r\> masc.
deterioration.

ivcrvu& /vi.c\r.vu~/ <vi.c\.r\.vu~> v.intr.
to loiter.

ivkarI /vi.ka.ri/ <vi.ka.rii> adj. apt tochange.

ivcar /vi.car/ <vi.ca.r\> masc. thought.

ivkas /vi.kas/ <vi.ka.s\> masc. 1.
growth, 2. development.
ivk<t /vik.rut/ <vi.kr≤u.t\> adj.
distorted.
ivxep /vik.ßep/ <vi.kße.p\> masc.
obstruction.

ivcark /vi.ca.r\k/ <vi,ca.r\.k\> masc. athinker.
ivcar8a /vi.car.¯a/ <vi.ca.r\.¯a> fem. 1.
thinking, 2. consideration.
ivcarvu& /vi.car.vu~/ <vi.ca.r\.vu~> v.tr. tothink.
ivic{a /vi.cit.r\/ <vi.ci.tr\> adj. strange.

iv`vad /vik˙.vad/ <vi.kh\.va.d\> masc.
1. discord, 2. dispute.
iv`U4u& /vi.k˙u.ˇu~/ <vi.khuu.ˇu~> adj.
separated and lonely.

ivC2ed /vic.c˙ed/ <vi.cche.d\> masc. a
cut.
ivjy /vi.Ô\j/ <vi.Ô\.j\> masc. victory.

iv`ervu& /vi.k˙er.vu~/ <vi.khe.r\.vu~> v.tr.
to scatter.

ivjatIy /vi.Ôa.ti.j\/ <vi.Ôa.tii.j\> adj. ofdifferent sex, caste, class or race.

iv~yat /vik˙.jat/ <vi.khja.t\> adj.
famous.

ivjeta /vi.Ôe.ta/ <vi.Ôe.ta> masc. a victor.

ivgt /vi.g\t/ <vi.g\.t\> fem. 1. past, 2.
gone.

ivjog /vi.Ôog/ <vi.Ôo.g\> masc.
suffering from a separation from the
beloved one.

ivg/h /vi.gr\.h\/ <vi.gr\.h\> masc. abattle.

iv}aan /vig.nan/ <vi.gna.n\> neut.
science.

iv34n /vi:.g˙\.ˇ\n/ <vi.gh\.ˇ\n\> neut.
deconstruction.

iv}aapk /vig.na.p\k/ <vi.gna.p\.k\> adj.
1. declaring, 2. advertising.

iv3atk /vi.g˙a.t\k/ <vi.gha.t\.k\> adj.
destructive.

iv4&b8a /vi.ˇ\mb.¯a/ <vi.ˇ\~.b\.¯a> fem.
1. misery, 2. grief, 3. difficulties.

iv#n /vig.n\/ <vi.ghn\> neut. obstacle.

iv6&bn /vi.Îam.b\n/ <vi.Î\~.b\.n\> neut.
mockery.

ivcx8 /vi.c\k.ß\¯/ <vi.c\.kß\.¯\> adj.
1. intellegent, 2. shrewd.

194
ivtr8 /vit.r\¯/ <v> neut. distribution.
ivta6vu& /vi.taÎ.vu~/ <vi.ta.Î\.vu~> v.tr. toharass.
ivday /vi.daj/ <vi.da.j\> fem. adeparture.

ivd\van /vid.van/ <vi.dva.n\> masc. 1. alearned man, 2. a scholar.
iv0va /vid˙.va/ <vi.dh\.va> fem. awidow.

ividt /vi.dit/ <v> adj. known.

iv0vaivvah /vid˙.va.vi.vah/<vi.dh\.va.vi.va.h\> masc. a widow’s
re-marriage.

ivduqI /vi.du.ßi/ <vi.du.s°ii> fem. alearned woman.

iv0ata /vi.d˙a.ta/ <vi.dha.ta> fem. thecreator of the universe.

ivdUqk /vi.du.ß\k/ <vi.duu.s°\.k\> masc.
a clown.

iv0a{aI /vi.d˙at.ri/ <vi.dha.trii> fem. thegoddess of destiny.

ivde= /vi.deß/ <vi.de.ß\> masc. a foreigncountry.

iv0an /vi.d˙an/ <vi.dha.n\> neut. astatement.

ivde=I /vi.de.ßi/ <vi.de.ßii> adj. foreign.

iv0ayk /vi.d˙a.j\k/ <vi.dha.j\.k\> adj.
constructive.

ivd\yman /vid.j\.man/ <vi.dj\.ma.n\>adj. 1. existing, 2. present.

ivi0 /vi.d˙i/ <vi.dhi> fem. the god ofdestiny.

ivd\ya /vid.ja/ <vi.dja> fem. knowledge.
ivi0 /vi.d˙i/ <vi.dhi> fem. ritual.
ivd\yapI5 /vid.ja.piˇ˙/ <vi.dja.pii.ˇh\>fem. an educational institution.
ivd\ya9IR /vid.jar.t˙i/ <vi.dja.rthii> masc.
a male student.
ivd\ya9IRnI /vid.jar.t˙i.ni/ <vi.dja.rthii.nii>
fem. a female student.
ivd\yut /vid.jut/ <vi.dju.t\> fem. 1.
lightning, 2. electricity.

iv0ur /iv.d˙ur/ <vi.dhu.r\> adj.
widower.
ivny /vi.n\j/ <vi.n\.j\> masc.
humbleness.
ivnv8I /vi.n\v.¯i/ <vi.n\.v\.¯i> fem. arequest.
ivn&tI /vi.n\n.ti/ <vi.n\~.tii> fem. arequest.

iv±oh /vid.roh/ <vi.dro.h\> masc. amutiny.

ivna /vi.na/ <vi.na> postp. except.

ivd\vta /vid.v\.ta/ <vi.dv\.ta> fem.
knowledge.

ivna= /vi.naß/ <vi.na.ß\> masc. 1.
destruction, 2. extinction.

195

ivna=I /vi.na.ßi/ <vi.na.ßii> adj.
destructive.
ivinmy /vi.ni.maj/ <vi.ni.m\.j\> masc.
1. exchange, 2. barter.

ivi-Nn /vi.b˙in.n\/ <vi.bhi.nn\> adj. 1.
different, 2. separate.
iv-Uit /vi.b˙u.ti/ <vi.bhuu.ti> fem. asuperman.
ivml /vi.m\l/ <vi.m\.l\> adj. pure.

ivnod /vi.nod/ <vi.no.d\> masc. joy.
ivpi]a /vi:.p\t.ti/ <vi.p\.tti> fem. 1. acalamity, 2. misery, 3. trouble.

ivman /vi.man/ <vi.ma.n\> neut. anaircraft.

ivp9 /vi.p\t˙/ <vi.p\.th\> masc. wrong
path.

ivmanm9k /vi.man.m\.t˙\k/<vi.ma.n\.m\.th\.k\> neut. an
airport.

ivprIt /vip.rit/ <vi.p\.rii.t\> adj.
opposite.

ivmu` /vi.muk˙/ <vi.mu.kh\> neut.
unfavorable.

ivpul /vi.pul/ <vi.pu.l\> adj. abundant.

ivyavu& /vi.ja.vu~/ <vi.ja.vu~> v.intr. (ofbeasts) to give birth.

ivp/ /vip.r\/ <vi.pr\> masc. a Brahmin.
ivPlv /vip.l\v/ <vi.pl\.v\> masc. a
revolt.
iv-kt /vi.b˙\k.t\/ <vi.bh\.kt\> adj.
divided.
iv-ikt /vi.b˙\k.ti/ <vi.bh\.kti> fem. acase.
iv-ag /vi.b˙ag/ <vi.bha.g\> masc. a
section.
iv-ajk /vi.b˙a.Ô\k/ <vi.bha.Ô\.k\> adj.
dividing.
iv-ajn /vi.b˙a.Ô\n/ <v> neut. division.
iv-ajy /vi.b˙aÔ.j\/ <vi.bha.Ôj\> adj.
divisible.

ivrmvu& /vi.r\m.vu~/ <vi.r\.m\.vu~> v.intr.
to stop.
ivrh /vi.r\h/ <vi.r\.h\> masc.
separation from dear ones.
ivragI /vi.ra.gi/ <vi.ra.gii> adj. ahermit.
ivra4 /vi.raˇ/ <vi.ra.ˇ\> adj. 1. huge, 2.
magnificent.
ivram /vi.ram/ <vi.ra.m\> masc. 1. rest,
2. pause.
ivro0 /vi.rod˙/ <vi.ro.dh\> masc. 1. anobjection, 2. opposition.
ivro0a-as /v.ro.d˙a.b˙as/<vi.ro.dha.bha.s\> masc. mere
apparent opposition.

196
ivlx8 /vi.l\k.ß\¯/ <vi.l\.kß\.¯\> adj.
peculiar.
ivly /vi.l\j/ <vi.l\.j\> masc.
dissolution.
ivlsvu& /vi.l\s.vu~/ <vi.l\.s\.vu~> v.intr. 1.
to shine, 2. to glitter.
ivlap /vi.lap/ <vi.la.p\> masc.
lamentation.
ivlayt /vi.la.j\t/ <vi.la.j\.t\> neut.
England.
ivlaytI /vi.la.j\.ti/ <vi.la.j\.tii> adj. 1.
made in England, 2. foreign.

ivveck /vi.ve.c\k/ <vi.ve.c\.k\> masc. a
critic.
ivvecn /vi.ve.c\n/ <vi.ve.c\.n\> neut.
criticism.
ivvecna /vi.ve.c\.na/ <vi.ve.c\.na> fem.
interpretation.
iv=d /vi.ß\d/ <vi.ß\.d\> adj. clear(argument etc.)
iv=aX /vi.ßaÆ/ <vi.ßa.Æ\> adj. large.
ivi=Q4 /vi.ßiß.t\/ <vi.ßi.s°ˇ\> adj. peculiar.
iv=e /vi.ße/ <vi.ße> postp. about.

ivlavu& /vi.la.vu~/ <vi.la.vu~> v.intr. towither.

iv=eq /vi.ßeß/ <vi.ße.s°\> adj. additional.

ivlas /vi.las/ <vi.la.s\> masc.
merriment.

iv=eqtŠ /vi.ßeß.t\h/ <vi.ße.s°\.t\:> advb.
especially.

ivvr8 /viv.r\¯/ <vi.v\.r\.¯\> neut. 1.
criticism, 2. commentary.

iv=eqta /vi.ßeß.ta/ <vi.ße.s°\.ta> fem.
difference.

ivvad /vi.vad/ <vi.va.d\> masc. acontroversy.

iv[aam /vis.ram/ <vi.ßra.m\> masc. rest.

ivvadaSpd /vi.va.da.sp\d/<vi.va.da.sp\.d\> adj. controversial.

iv¿leq8 /viß.le.ß\¯/ <vi.ßle.ß\.¯\> neut.
analysis.
iv¼ /viß.v\/ <vi.ßv\> neut. the universe.

ivvah /vi.vah/ <vi.va.h\> masc. 1.
betrothal, 2. marriage.
iviv0 /vi.vid˙/ <vi.vi.dh\> adj. various.
iviv0ta /vi.vid˙.ta/ <vi.vi.dh\.ta> fem.
variety.
ivvek /vi.vek/ <vi.ve.k\> masc.
politeness.

iv¼as /ivß.vas/ <vi.ßva.s\> masc. 1.
trust, 2. confidence.
iv¼as3at /viß.vas.g˙at/<vi.ßva.s\.gha.t\> masc. betrayal.
iv¼as3atI /viß.vas.g˙a.ti/<vi.ßva.s\.gha.tii> adj. a betrayer
person.

197

ivq /viß/ <vi.s°\> neut. poison.
ivq0r /viß.d˙\r/ <vi.s°\.dh\.r\> masc. a
serpent.

ivSmy /vis.m\j/ <vi.sm\.j\> neut. 1. awonder, 2. a surprise, 3. anastonishment.

ivqm /vi.ß\m/ <vi.s°\.m\> adj. unequal.

ivSmr8 /vis.m\.r\¯/ <vi.sm\.r\.¯\>
neut. forgetting.

ivqy /vi.ß\j/ <vi.s°\.j\> masc. 1. aperceivable object, 2. subject

ivhrvu& /vi.h\r.vu~/ <vi.h\.r\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to stroll, 2. to walk for a pleasure.

ivqyaNtr /vi.ßa.jan.t\r/ <vi.s°\.ja.nt\.r\>
neut. digression.

ivhar /vi.har/ <vi.ha.r\> masc. 1. astroll, 2. a leisurely walk.

ivqad /vi.ßad/ <vi.s°a.d\> masc. 1.
dejection, 2. grief.

ivhIn /vi.hin/ <vi.hii.n\> adj. devoidof.

ivqe /vi.ße/ <vi.s°e> postp. about.

ivh\vX /vih.v\Æ/ <vi.h.v\.Æ\> adj.
puzzled and upset.

ivsgR /vi.s\r.g\/ <vi.s\.rg\> masc. thesign (:).

vI`rvu& /vi.k˙\r.vu~/ <vii.kh\.r\.vu~>
v.intr. to dispersed.

ivsjRn /vi.s\r.Ô\n/ <vi.s\.rÔ\.n\> neut.
dissolution.

vIgt /vi.g\t/ <vii.g\.t\> fem. details.

ivsamo /vi.sa.mo/ <vi.sa.mo> masc. ahalt for resting.

vI2Xvu& /vi.c˙\Æ.vu~/ <vii.ch\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.
to cleanse (utensils etc.)

ivStrvu& /vis.t\r.vu~/ <vi.st\.r\.vu~> v.intr.
to spread out.

vIjXI /viÔ.Æi/ <vii.Ô\.Æii> fem. 1.
lightening, 2. electricity.

ivStar /vis.tar/ <vi.sta.r\> masc. 1. anarea, 2. extension.

vI8vu& /vi¯.vu~/ <vii.¯\.vu~> v.tr. 1. topick, 2. to pluck.

ivStarpUvRk /vis.tar.pur.v\k/<vi.sta.r\.puu.rv\.k\> adj. 1. atlength, 2. in detail.

vI8a /vi.¯a/ <vii.¯a> fem. a lute.

ivStarvu& /vis.tar.vu~/ <vi.sta.r\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to extend, .2 to expand.
ivSfo4 /vis.p˙oˇ/ <vi.spho.ˇ\> masc.
explosive.

vInvvu& /vi.n\v.vu~/ <vii.n\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to entreat, 2. to request.
vIfrvu& /vi.p˙\r.vu~/ <vii.ph\.r\.vu~>
v.intr. to become uncontrolled becauseof anger.
vImo /vi.mo/ <vii.mo> masc. insurance.

198

vIr /vir/ <vii.r\> adj. brave.

ve5vu& /veˇ˙.vu~/ <ve.ˇh\.vu~> v.tr. tosuffer.

vIrta /vir.ta/ <vii.r\.ta> fem. bravery.
vIyR /vir.j\/ <vii.rj\> neut. semen.
vI=I /vi.ßi/ <vii.ßii> fem. an inn.
vI&2I /vi~.c˙i/ <vii~.chii> masc. a scorpian(male).
vI&28 /vi~.c˙\¯/ <vii~.ch\.¯\> fem. ascorpian (female).
vI&j8o /vi~Ô.¯o/ <vii.Ô\.¯o> masc. a fan.
vI&4vu& /vi~ˇ,vu~/ <v> v.tr. to wrap.vI&4I /vi~.ˇi/<vii~.ˇii> fem. an ornamental ring.
vI&4o /vi~.ˇo/ <vii~.ˇo> masc. a roll.

ve6fvu& /ve.Î\p˙.vu~/ <ve.Î\.ph\.vu~> v.tr.
to waste.
ve6vu& /veÎ.vu~/ <ve.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to pluck
fruits.
ve7o /ve.Î˙o/ <ve.Îho> masc. one of thecuts on a finger-joint.
ve8I /ve.¯i/ <ve.¯ii> fem. a braid of
hair.
vetn /ve.t\n/ <ve.t\.n\> neut. salary.
vetrvu& /ve.t\r.vu~/ <ve.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. to
cut cloth for tailoring.
vetaX /ve.taÆ/ <ve.ta.Æ\> masc. a ghost.

vI&0vu& /vi~d˙.vu~/ <vii~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tobore, 2. to pierce, 3. to prick.

vedna /ved.na/ <ve.d\.na> fem. pain.

v<x /vruk.ß\/ <vr°u.kß\> neut. a tree.

ve0k /ve.d˙\k/ <ve.dh\.k\> adj. 1.
piercing, 2. sharp.

v<)0 /vrud.d˙\/ <vr°u.dhdh\> adj. old.
v<i)0 /vrud˙.d˙i/ <vr°u.dhdhi> fem.
growth.
v<q8 /vru.ß\¯/ <vr°u.s°\.¯\> neut. atesticle.

ve0vu& /ved˙.vu~/ <vve.dh\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tobore, 2. to pierce.
ve0=aXa /ved˙.ßa.Æa/ <ve.dh\.ßa.Æa> fem.
an observatory.

veg /veg/ <ve.g\> masc. speed.

vepar /ve.par/ <ve.pa.r\> masc. 1. trade,
2. commerce, 3. business.

vegXu& /veg.Æu~/ <ve.g\.Æu~> adj. at a
distance.

veparI /ve.pa.ri/ <ve.pa.rii> masc. 1.
trader, 2. a businessman, 3. a shopkeeper.

vecvu& /vec.vu~/ <ve.c\.vu~> v.tr. to sell.

ver /v´r/ <ve.r\> neut. hostality.

veca8 /ve.ca¯/ <ve.ca.¯\> neut. sale.

199
ver82er8 /ve.r\¯.c˙e.r\¯/<ve.r\.¯\.che.r\.¯\> advb. scattered.

vE0Vy /v\i.d˙\v.j\/ <v\i.dh\.vj\> neut.
widowhood.

vervu& /ver.vu~/ <ve.r\.vu~> v.tr. to scatter.

vE=a` /v\i.ßak˙/ <v\i.ßa.kh\> masc. theseventh month of the Vikram year.

veragI /ve.ra.gi/ <ve.ra.gii> masc. an
ascetic.
veran /ve.ran/ <ve.ra.n\> adj. 1.
desolate, 2. uninhabitated.

vEQ8v /v\iß.¯\v/ <v\i.s°¯\.v\> masc. asect of Hinuism so named.
Vyikt /vj\k.ti/ <vj\.kti> fem. 1. anindividual, 2. a person.

vero /ve.ro/ <ve.ro> masc. 1. a tax, 2. atoll.

Vyg/ /vjg.r\/ <vj\.gr\> adj. puzzled.

vel8 /ve.l\¯/ <ve.l\.¯\> neut. a rollingpin.

Vyg/ta /vj\.gr\.ta/ <vj\.gra.ta> fem.
uneasiness.

velo /ve.lo/ <ve.lo> masc. a creeper.

Vy9a /vj\.t˙a/ <vj\.tha> fem. pain.

vevla: /vev.lai/ <ve.v\.la.ii> fem. overwisdom.

Vyi-car /vj\.b˙i.car/ <vj\.bhi.ca.r\>masc. immoral sexual relation.

veva: /ve.vai/ <ve.va.ii> masc. thefather-in-law of one’s son or daughter.

Vyi-carI /vj\.b˙i.ca.ri/ <vj\.bhi.ca.rii>
adj. an immoral man.

veiv=aX /ve.vi.ßaÆ/ <ve.vi.ßa.Æ\> neut.
betrothal.

Vyi-carI8I /vj\.b˙i.ca.ri.¯i/<vj\.bhi.ca.rii.¯ii> adj. an immoral
woman.

ve= /veß/ <ve.ß\> masc. 1. dress, 2.
costume.

Vy9R /vj\r.t˙\/ <vj\.rth\> adj. useless.

ve+ya /veß.ja/ <ve.ßja> fem. prostitute.
vEkiLpk /v\i.k\l.pik/ <v\i.k\.lpi.k\> adj.
optional.
vE}aaink /v\ig.na.nik/ <v\i.gna.ni.k\>masc. a scientist.
vE}aaink /v\ig.na.nik/ <v\i.gna.ni.k\>
adj. scientific.
vEd /v\id/ <v\i.d\> masc. a doctor.

Vyvsay /vj\v.saj/ <vj\.v\.sa.j\> masc.
activity.
VyvS9a /vj\.v\s.t˙a/ <vj\.v\.stha> fem.
1. a proper arrengement, 2, a proper
management.
Vyvhar /vj\v.har/ <vj\.v\.ha.r\> masc.
a social interaction.

200
Vyvharku=X /vj\v.har.ku.ß\Æ/<v\.v\.ha.r\.ku.ß\.Æ\> adj. 1.
practical, 2. good at social interaction.
Vyvharu /vj\v.ha.ru/ <vj\.v\.ha.ru> adj.
feasible.
Vysn /vj\.s\n/ <vj\.s\.n\> neut. a badhabit.
VySt /vj\s.t\/ <vj\.st\> adj. dispersed.
Vy&g /vj\˜.g\/ <vj\~.g\> masc. satirical.
Vy&jn /vj\µ.Ô\n/ <vj\~.Ô\.n\> masc. a
consonant.
Vyakr8 /vjak.r\¯/ <vja.k\.r\.¯\> neut.
grammar.
Vya~ya /vja.k˙ja/ <vja.khja> fem.
definition.
Vya~yata /vjak˙.ja.ta/<vja.khja.ta> masc.
a lecturer.
Vya~yan /vjak˙.jan/ <vja.khja.n\> neut. alecture.

Vyayam /vja.jam/ <vja.ja.m\> masc.
exercise.
VyuTpi]a /vjut.p\t.ti/ <vju.tp\.tti> fem.
etymology.
v/t /vr\t/ <vr\.t\> neut. a moral or
religous vow.

==k /ß\k/ <ß\.k\> masc. 1. doubt, 2.
suspicion.
=kdar /ß\k.dar/ <ß\.k\.da.r\> adj.
suspected (person).
=km&d /ß\k.m\nd/ <ß\.k\.m\~.d\> adj.
suspicious.
=kro /ß\k.ro/ <ß\.k\.ro> masc. 1. ahawk, 2. a falcon.
=kvu& /ß\k.vu~/ <ß\.k\.ro> v.intr. 1. to beable, 2. to be possible.
=kkiryu& /\ß\k.k\.ri.ju~/ <ß\.kk\.ri.ju~>
neut. a sweet potato.

Vyaj /vjaÔ/ <vja.Ô\> neut. interest (onmoney).

=kkl /ß\k.k\l/ <ß\.kk\.l\> fem. face.

Vyai0 /vja.d˙i/ <vja.dhi> masc. 1. adisease, 2. a sickness.

=ikt /ß\k.ti/ <ß\.kti> fem. 1. strength, 2.
force.

Vyap /vjap/ <vja.p\> masc. spreed.

=iktpUjk /ß\k.ti.pu.Ô\k/<ß\.kti.puu.Ô\.k\> adj and masc. aworshipper of the goddess.

Vyapk /vja.p\k/ <vja.p\.k\> adj.
widespread.
Vyapar /vja.par/ <vja.pa.r\> masc.
business.

=iktpUja /ß\k.ti.pu.Ôa/ <ß\.kti/puu.Ôa>fem. worship of the goddess.
=ky /ß\k.j\/ <ß\.kj\> adj. possible.

201=rdI /ß\r.di/ <ß\.r\.dii> fem. cold.
=kyta /ß\k.j\.ta/ <ß\.kj.ta> fem.
possibility.
=8 /ß\¯/ <ß\.¯\> neut. a plat of jute.
=8gar /ß\¯.gar/ <ß\.¯\.ga.r\> masc.
beauty-aids.
=taBdI /ß\.tab.di/ <ß\.ta.bdii> fem. 1. acentury, 2. a centenary.

=rbt /ß\r.b\t/ <ß\.r\.b\.t\> neut. cold
drink.
=rm /ß\.r\m/ <ß\.r\.m\> fem. 1.
modesty, .2 shame.
=rmavu& /ß\r.ma.vu~/ <ß\.r\.ma.vu~> v.intr.
1. to blush, 2. to crestfallen.
=rmaX /ß\r.maÆ/ <ß\.r\.ma.Æ\> adj. shy.

={au /ß\t.ru/ <ß\.tru> masc. an enemy.
=p9 /ß\.p\t˙/ <ß\.p\.th\> masc. 1. oath,
2. vow.
=b /ß\b/ <ß\.b\> neut. a corpse.
=Bd /ß\b.d\/ <ß\.bd\> masc. a word.
=Bdkoq /ß\b.da.koß/ <ß\.bd\.ko.s°\>masc. a dictionary.
=mvu& /ß\m.vu~/ <ß\.m\.vu~> v.intr. to bepacified.
=ytan /ß\j.tan/ <ß\.j\.ta.n\> masc.
Satan.

=raf /ß\.rap˙/ <ß\.ra.ph\> masc. abanker.
=rafI /ß\.ra.p˙i/ <ß\.ra.phii> adj.
related to banking.
=rab /ß\.rab/ <ß\.ra.b\> masc. 1. wine,
2. liquor.
=rabI /ß\.ra.bi/ <ß\.ra.bii> adj. andmasc. a drunkard.
=rIf /ß\.rip˙/ <ß\.ri.ph\> adj.
respectable.
=rIr /ß\.rir/ <ß\.rii.r\> neut. the body.

=r8 /ß\.r\¯/ <ß\.r\.¯\> neut. shelter.
=r8agit /ß\r.¯a.g\.ti/ <ß\.r\.¯a.g\.ti>fem. 1. submission, 2. surrender.

=rIrrcna /ß\.rir.r\c.na/<ß\.rii.r\.r\.c\.na> fem. anatomy.

=r8a9IR /ß\r.¯ar.t˙i/ <ß\.r\.¯a.rthii> adj.
and masc. a refugee.

=rIrs&b&0 /ß\.rir.s\m.ban.d˙\/<ß\.rii.r\.s\~.b\~.dh\> masc. sexual
relation.

=r8a: /ß\r.¯ai/ <ß\.r\.¯a.ii> fem. amusical instrument.

=£Aat /ß\.ru.at/ <ß\.ruu.a.t\> fem. abeginning.

=rt /ß\.r\t/ <ß\.r\.t\> fem. 1. a bet, 2. acondition.

=S{a /ß\ß.tr\/ <ß\.str\> neut. a weapon.

202=S{aik/ya /ß\ß.tr\.kri.ja/ <ß\.str\.kri.ja>
fem. 1. surgery, 2. surgical operation.

=ayr /ßa.j\r/ <ßa.j\.r\> masc. a poet.

=hId /ß\.hid/ <ß\.hii.d\> adj. and masc.
martyr.

=arvu& /ßar.vu~/ <ßa.r\.vu~> v.tr. to make a
hole.

=hIdI /ß\.hi.di/ <ß\.hii.dii> fem.
martyrdom.

=arIirk /ßa.ri.rik/ <ßa.rii.ri.k\> adj.
bodily.

=hen=ah /ß\.hen.ßah/ <ß\.he.n\.ßa.h\>masc. an emperor.

=al /ßal/ <ßa.l\> fem. a shawl.
=ask /ßa.ß\k/ <ßa.s\.k\> masc. a ruler.

=her /ß\.her/ <ß\.he.r\> neut. a city.
=&ka /ß\˜.ka/ <ß\~.ka> fem. 1. suspicion,
2. doubt.

=asn /ßa.s\n/ <ßa.s\.n\> neut.
governance.
=aS{a /ßas.tr\/ <ßa.ßtr\> neut. a scripture.

=&ka=Il /ß\˜.ka.ßil/ <ß\~.ka.ßi.l\> adj. 1.
doubting, 2. suspicious.
=&kaSpd /ß\˜.ka.sp\d/ <ß\~.ka.sp\.d\>adj. 1. doubtful, 2. uncertain.

=aS{aa9R /ßas.tra.rt˙\/ <ßa.stra.rth\> masc.
interpretation of scriptures.

=&` /ß\˜k˙/ <ß\~.kh\> masc. a conch.

=ahm<g /ßah.mrug/ <ßa.h\.mr≤u.g\> neut.
an ostrich.

=ak /ßak/ <ßa.k\> neut. edible
vegetable.

=ahukar /ßa.hu.kar/ <ßa.hu.ka.r\> masc.
an honest person.

=akaharI /ßa.ka.ha.ri/ <ßa.ka.ha.rii> adj.
vegetarian.

=ahu6I /ßa.hu.Îi/ <ßa.hu.Îii> fem. a
porcupine.

=a` /ßak˙/ <ßa.kh\> fem. 1. credit, 2.
reputation.

=aXa /ßa.la/ <ßa.Æa> fem. a school.

=a`a /ßa.k˙a/ <ßa.kha> fem. a branch.

=a&t /ßa~nt/ <ßa~.t\> adj. .1quite, 2.
peaceful.

=a8u& /ßa.¯u~/ <ßha.¯u~> adj. wise.

i=kar /ßi.kar/ <ßi.ka.r\> masc. hunting.

=ap /ßap/ <ßa.p\> masc. a curse.

i=karI /ßi.ka.ri/ <ßi.ka.rii> masc. ahunter.

=aba= /ßa.baß/ <ßa.ba.ß\> excl. 1. bravo,
2. well-done.
=aiBdk /ßab.dik/ <ßa.bdi.k\> adj. verbal.

i=xk /ßik.ß\k/ <ßi.kß\.k\> masc. a maleteacher.

203
i=x8 /ßik.ß\¯/ <ßi.kß\.¯\> neut. 1.
education, 2. teaching.
i=xa /ßik.ßa/ <ßi.kßa> fem. 1. teaching, 2.
education, 3. punishment.
i=ixka /ßik.ßi.ka/ <ßi.kßi.ka> fem. afemale teacher.

i=Lp /ßil.p\/ <ßi.lp\> neut. a sculpture.
i=Lp=aS{a /ßil.p\.ßas.tr\/ <ßi.lp\.ßa.str\>neut. architecture.
i=Lp=aS{aI /ßil.p\.ßas.tri/ <ßi.lp\.ßa.strii>
masc. an architect.
i=LpI /ßil.pi/ <ßi.lpii> masc. a sculptor.

i=ixt /ßk.ßit/ <ßi.kßi.t\> adj. educated.
i=`r /ßi.k˙\r/ <ßi.kh\.r\> neut. a peak.

i=vra{aI /ßiv.rat.ri/ <ßi.v\.ra.trii> fem.
the night of Lord Shiva’s festival.

i=`&6 /ßi.k˙\¯Î/ <ßi.kh\.r\> masc. akind of sweet.

i=i=r /ßi.ßir/ <ßi.ßi.r\> fem. the later halfof winter.

i=`a /ßi.k˙a/ <ßi.kha> fem. 1. a tuft, 2. apigtail, 3. a crest, 3. a flame of a lamp.

i==u /ßi.ßu/ <ßi.ßu> neut. 1. a child, 2. aninfant.

i=`aw /ßi.k˙a.u/ <ßi.kha.r\> adj.
learning.

i=¿n /ßiß.n\/<ßi.ßn\> masc. the penis.

i=`am8 /ßi.k˙a.m\¯/ <ßi.kha.m\.¯\>
fem. instruction.

i=Q4acar /ßiß.ta.car/ <ßi.s°ˇa.ca.r\> masc.
politeness.

i=i9l /ßi.t˙il/ <ßi.thi.l\> adj. loose.

i=Qy /ßiß.j\/ <ßi.s°j\> masc. 1. a malestudent, 2. a male disciple.

i=ibr /ßi.bir/ <ßi.bi.r\> masc. 1. a tent,
2. a camp.

i=Qya /ßiß.ja/ <ßi.s°ja> fem. 1. a female
student, 2. a female disciple.

i=yaX /ßi.jaÆ/ <ßi.ja.Æ\> neut. a fox.

i=St /ßis.t\/ <ßi.st\> fem. discipline.

i=yaXu& /ßi.ja.Æu~/ <ßi.ja.Æu~> adj. grown or
produced in winter.

i=&g /ßi˜g/ <ßi~.g\> fem. a pod.

i=yaXo /ßi.ja.Æo/ <ßi.ja.Æo> masc. winter.

i=&g6u& /ßi˜g.Îu~/ <ßi~.g\.Îu~> neut. a horn.
=I` /ßik˙/ <ßii.kh\> fem. advice.

i=r /ßir/ <ßi.r\> neut. the head.
i=ra /ßi.ra/ <ßi.ra> fem. a bllod-vessel.
i=la /ßi.la/ <ßi.la> fem. a slab of stone.

=I` /ßik˙/ <ßii.kh\> masc. a community
so named.
=I`vu& /ßik˙.vu~/ <ßii.kh\.vu~> v.tr. tolearn.

204=ItXa /ßit.Æa/ <ßii.t\.Æa> fem. smallpox.
(honorific)=Iro /ßi.ro/ masc. <ßii.ro> a kind of
sweet.

=<&gar /ßru˜.gar/ <ßr≤u~.ga.r\> masc. 1.
decoration, 2. ornamentation.
=ekvu& /ßek.vu~/ <ße.k\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tobake, 2. to roast.
=e5 /ßeˇ˙/ <ße.ˇh\> masc. a master.

=I=I /ßi.ßi/ fem. <ßii.ßii> a small bottle.
=I=o /ßi.ßo/ masc. <ßii.ßo> a big bottle.

=e5a8I /ße.ˇ˙a.¯i/ <ße.ˇha.¯ii> fem. a
mistress.

=IXva /ßiÆ.va/ <ßii.Æ\.va> masc. pl. a kindof skin disease.

=etr&@ /ßet.r\n.Ôi/ <ße.t\.r\~.Ôii> fem. acarpet.

=ukn /ßu.k\n/ <ßu.k\.n\> masc. hon. anomen.

=er6I /ßer.Îi/ <ße.r\.Îii> fem. sugarcane.

=uk/var /ßuk.r\.var/ <ßu.kr\.va.r\> masc.
Friday.

=erI /ße.ri/ <ße.rii> fem. 1. a lane, 2. astreet.

=u)0 /ßud˙.d˙\/ <ßu.dhdh\> adj. 1.
clean, 2. pure.

=ero /ße.ro/ <ße.ro> masc. a remark.

=ui)0 /ßud˙.d˙i/ <ßu.dhdhi> fem.
purification.
=u- /ßub˙/ <ßu.bh\> adj. auspicious.
=u-eC2k /ßu.b˙ec.c˙\k/ <ßu.bhe.cch\.k\>adj. a well-wisher.
=u-eC2a /ßu.b˙ec.c˙a/ <ßu.bhe.ccha> fem.
a well-wishing.
=UNy /ßun.j\/ <ßuu.nj\> neut. 1. zero, 2.
nothingness.
=UrvIr /ßur.vir/ <ßuu.r\.vii.r\> masc. abrave person.
=UX /ßuÆ/ <ßuu.Æ\> fem. dry thorn.

=eq /ßeß/ <ße.s°\> adj. residual.
=Eil /ß\i.li/ <ß\i.li> fem. style.
=E=v /ß\i.ß\v/ <ß\i.ß\.v\> neut.
childhood.
=ok /ßok/ <ßo.k\> masc. melancholy.
=o` /ßok˙/ <ßo.kh\> masc. a hobby.
=o0 /ß˙od˙/ <ßo.dh\> fem. . search, 2.
inquiry.
=o-vu& /ßob˙.vu~/ <ßho.bh\.vu~> v.intr. tolook beautiful.
=o-a /ßo.b˙a/ <ßo.bha> fem. 1. beauty,
2. charm.
+yam /ßjam/ <ßja.m\> adj. black.

205+yam /ßjam/ <ßja.m\> masc. The Lord
Krishna.
[a)0a /ßr\d.d˙a/ <ßr\.dhdha> fem. 1.
trust, 2. faith, .3 belief.
[a)0aXu& /ßr\d.d˙a.Æu~/ <ßr\.dhdha.Æu~> adj.
devotional.

q6\d=Rn /ß\Î.d\r.ß\n/ <s°\. [.d\.rß\.n\>neut. pl. the six different systems of
Vedic philosophy.
qiQ4 /ß\ß.ˇi/ <s°\.s°ˇi> adj. sixty.

s[av8 /ßr\.v\¯/ <ßr\.v\.¯\> neut. an actof hearing.

s: /s\i/ <s\.ii> masc. a tailor[aav8 /ßra.v\¯/ <ßra.v\.¯\> masc. thetenth month of a Vikram year.

skmRk /s\.k\r.m\k/ <s\.k\.rm\.k\> adj.
a transitive verb.

[aI /ßri/ <ßrii> masc. an auspicious word
used in the beginning of a writing.

skX /s\.k\Æ/ <s\.k\.Æ\> adj. fortunate.

[aeiQ5 /ßreß.ˇ˙i/ <ßre.s°ˇhi> masc. a great
merchant.
[aota /ßro.ta/ <ßro.ta> adj. 1. a hearer, 2.
a listener.
¿lok /ßlo.ka/ <ßlo.k\> masc. a stanza.
¿van /ßva.na/ <ßva.n\> masc. a dog.

sk&jo /s\.k\µ.Ôo/ <s\.k\~.Ôo> masc. 1. agripping machine, 2. a grip.
sik/y/s\k.ri.j\/ <s\.kri.j\> adj. active.
s`8u& /s\k˙.¯u~/ <s\.kh\.¯u~> adj. 1.
quiet, 2. tranquil.
s`X6`X /s\.k˙\Æ.Î\.k˙\Æ/<s\.kh\.Æ\.Î\.kh\.Æ\> adj. loose.

¿vas /ßva.s\/ <ßva.s\> masc. breathing.
¿vet /ßve.ta/ <ßve.t\> adj. white.

qs`avt /s\.k˙a.v\t/ <s\.kha.v\.t\> fem.
donation.
s`I /s\.k˙i/ <s\.khi> fem. a female
friend.
s`ed /s\.k˙ed/ <s\.khe.d\> advb. sadly.

q4\kmR /ß\ˇ.k\r.m\/ <s°\.ˇ.k\.rm\> masc.
pl. the six duties of Brahmins.

s~t /s\k˙.t\/ <s\.kht\> adj. hard.

q4\ko8 /ß\ˇ.ko¯/ <s°\.t.ko.¯\> masc.
hexagonal.

s~ta: /s\k˙.ta.i/ <s\.khta.ii> fem.
hardness.

q4\pd /ß\ˇ.p\d/ <s°\.t.p\.d\> adj. six
footed.

206
sg6 /s\.g\Î/ <s\.g\.Î\> masc. 1. footprints etc. 2. traces.

sjvu& /s\Ô.vu~/ <s\.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. to put on
clothes, ornaments.

sgp8 /s\g.p\¯/ <s\.g\.Î\> neut.
relation.

sja /s\.Ôa/ <s\.Ôa> fem. punishment.

sg-aR /s\.g\r.b˙a/ <s\.g\.rbha> fem.
pregnant.
sgv6 /s\g.v\Î/ <s\.g\.v\.Î\> fem. 1.
provision, 2. comfort.

sjatIy /s\.Ôa.ti.j\/ <s\.Ôa.tii.j\> adj. of
the same sex.
sjav4 /s\.Ôa.v\ˇ/ <s\.Ôa.v\.ˇ\> fem.
decoration.
s@v /s\.Ôiv/ <s\.Ôii.v\> adj. animate.

sgIr /s\.gir/ <s\.gii.r\> adj. minor(age)
sgu8 /s\.gu¯/ adj. <s\.gu.¯\> 1.
attributes, 2. qualities.

s@vn /s\.Ôi.v\n/ <s\.Ôii.v\.n\> adj.
living.
sjj /s\Ô.Ô\/ <s\.ÔÔ\> adj. equipped.

sgu&vhalu& /s\.gu~.v\.ha.lu~/<s\.gu~.v\.ha.lu~> neut. relative.

sjjn /s\Ô.Ô\n/ <s\.ÔÔ\.n\> masc. agentleman.

sgu&s&b&0I /s\.gu.s\m.b\n.d˙i/<s\.gu~.s\~.b\~.dhii> neut. relatives etc.

s4Ik /s\.ˇik/ <s\.ˇii.k\> adj. withcommentary.

sgo{a /s\.got.r\/ <s\.go.tr\> adj.
having a common ancestor.

s4oi6yo /s\.ˇo.Îi.jo/ <s\.ˇo.Îi.jo> masc.
a speculator.

s3n /s\.g˙\n/ <s\.gh\.n\> adj. 1.
dense, 2. solid.

s4os4 /s\.ˇo.s\ˇ/ <s\.ˇo.s\.ˇ\> advb.
repeatedly.

s3Xu& /s\g˙.Æu~/ <s\.gh\.Æu~> adj. entire.

s4\4o /s\ˇ.ˇo/ <s\.ˇˇo> masc. a risky
transaction in forward market.

sic{a /s\.cit.r\/ <s\.ci.tr\> adj.
illustrated.
sco4 /s\.coˇ/ <s\.co.ˇ\> adj. unfailing.
sCca: /s\c.cai/ <s\.cca.ii> fem. honesty.
sjnI /s\Ô.ni/ <s\.Ô\.nii> fem. a female
friend.

s6k /s\.Î\k/ <s\.Î\.k\> adj.
wonderstruck.
s6k /s\.Î\k/ <s\.Î\.k\> fem. a wellbuilt road.
s6vu& /s\Î.vu~/ <s\.Î\.vu~> v.intr. to rot.
s6s5 /s\Î.s\ˇ˙/ <s\.Î\.s\.ˇh\> adj.
sixty seven.

207

s6s6a4 /s\Î.s\.Îaˇ/ <s\.Î\.s\.Îa.ˇ\>
advb. non-stop.

s]aavIs /s\t.ta.vis/ <s\.tta.vi.s\> adj.
twenty seven.
s]v /s\t.v\/ <s\.tv\> neut. essence.

s6o /s\.Îo/ <s\.Îo> masc. 1. rot, .2
moral degeneration.
s7 /s\Î˙/ <s\.Îh\> masc. a ship’s sail.

sTpuruq /s\t.pu.ruß/ 
 masc. a virtuousman.
sTy /s\t.j\/ <s\.tj\> neut. truth.

s8ko /s\¯.ko/ <s\.¯\.ko> masc. ashooting pain.
stt /s\.t\t/ <s\.t\.t\> advb. non-stop.
stam8I /s\.ta.m\.¯i/ <s\.ta.m\.¯ii>
fem. 1. harassment, 2. teasing.
stej /s\.teÔ/ <s\.te.Ô\> adj. shining
brightly.
sTkmR /s\t.k\r.m\/ <s\.tk\.rm\> neut. a
benevolent work.
sTkar /s\t.kar/ <s\.tka.r\> masc. 1.
welcome, 2. reception.
sTkarvu& /s\t.kar.vu~/ <s\.ta.r\.vu~> v.tr.
to welcome.

sTy /s\t.j\/ <s\.tj\> adj. true.
sTyvadI /s\.tj\va.di/ <s\.tj\.va.dii> adj.
truthful.
sTyag/h /s\.tja.gr\h/ <s\.tja.gr\.h\>masc. insistence on truth orrighteousness.
sTyana= /s\.tja.naß/ <s\.tja.na.ß\> neut.
annihilation.
sTs&g /s\t.s\˜g/ <s\.ts\~.g\> masc.
company of saints.
sd&tr /s\.d\n.t\r/ <s\.d\~.t\.r\> advb.
absolutely.
sda /s\.da/ <s\.da> advb. always.

s]ar /s\t.t\r/ <s\.tt\.r\> adj. seventeen.
s]aa /s\t.ta/ <s\.tta> fem. 1. authority,
2. power.
s]aavar /s\t.ta.var/ <s\.tta.va.r\> adj. 1.
officially, 2. authentic.
s]aa8u& /s\t.ta.¯u~/ <s\.tta.¯u~> adj. ninety
seven.

sdakaX /s\.da.kaÆ/ <s\.da.ka.Æ\> advb.
forever.
sdacr8 /s\.da.c\.r\¯/ <s\.da.c\.r\.¯\>
neut. moral conduct.
sdacar /s\.da.car/ <s\.da.ca.r\> masc. a
moral conduct.
sdI /s\.di/ <s\.dii> fem. a century.

s]aavn /s\t.ta.v\n/ <s\.tta.v\.n\> adj.
fifty seven.

sd\gt /s\d.g\t/ <s\d.g\.t\> adj. having
attained salvation.

208

sd\git /s\d.g\.ti/ <s\d.g\.ti> fem.
salvation.
sd\gu8 /s\d.gu¯/ <s\d.gu.¯\> masc. a
virtue.
sd\g<hS9 /s\d.gru.h\s.t˙\/<s\d.gr≤u.h\.sth\> masc. a gentleman.
sd\bui)0 /s\d.bud.d˙i/ <s\d.bu.dhdhi>
fem. constructive understanding.
sd\-agI /s\d.b˙a.gi/ <s\d.bha.gii> adj.
fortunate.
sd\-aGy /s\d.b˙a.gj\/ <s\d.bha.gj\>
neut. good fortunate.
sd\-av /s\d.b˙av/ <s\d.bha.v\> masc.
constructive sentiment.

sNmagR /s\n.marg/ <s\.nma.rg\> masc.
a moral path.
siNm{a /s\n.mit.r\/ <s\.nmi.tr\> masc.
a virtuous friend.
sp6avvu& /s\p.Îav.vu~/ <s\.p\.Îa.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to entrap.
spnu& /s\p.nu~/ <s\.p\.nu~> neut. adream.
sprmu& /s\.p\r.mu~/ <s\.p\.r\.mu~> adj.
auspicious.
spa4 /s\.paˇ/ <s\.pa.ˇ\> adj. flat.
spa4ab&0 /s\.pa.ˇa.b\nd˙/<s\.pa.ˇa.b\~.dh\> advb. 1. at once, 2.
promptly.
spa4I /s\.pa.ˇi/ <s\.pa.ˇii> fem. surface.

sd\v<i]a /s\d.vrut.ti/ <s\d.vru≤.tti> fem.
constructive intention.
s)0r /s\d˙.d˙\r/ <s\.dhdh\.r\> adj.
wealthy.
snm /s\.n\m/ <s\.n\.m\> fem. asweetheart.
snsna4I /s\n.s\.na.ˇi/ <s\.n\.s\.na.ˇii>
fem. 1. a widespread feeling of dismay,
2. a thrill.

spUcu& /s\.pu.cu~./ <s\.puu.cu~> adj.
entire.
spUt /s\.put/ <s\.puu.t\> masc. a
virtuous son.
sPtko8 /s\p.t\.kø¯/ <s\.pt\.ko.¯\>masc. a heptagon.
sPtah /s\p.tah/ <s\.pta.h\> neut. aweek.

snatn /s\.na.t\n/ <s\.na.t\.n\> adj.
eternal.

sp/ma8 /s\.pr\.ma¯/ <s\.pr\.ma.¯\>
adj. with proof.

snepat /s\.ne.pat/ <s\.ne.pa.t\> masc.
delirious fever.

sp/ma8 /s\.pr\.ma¯/ <s\.pr\.ma.¯\>
advb. proportion.

sNman /s\n.man/ <s\.nma.n\> neut. 1.
reception, 2. honor.

sp/em /s\.prem/ <s\.pre.m\> advb.
lovingly.

209
s_y /s\b˙.j\/ <s\.bhj\> adj. polite.
sfr /s\.p˙\r/ <s\.ph\.r\> fem. 1. atravel, 2. a journey.

sm /s\m/ <s\.m\> masc. an oath.

sfrjn /s\.p˙\r.Ô\n/ <s\.ph\.r\.Ô\.n\>neut. an apple.

smx /s\.m\k.ß\/ <s\.m\.kß\> advb. in
the presence of.

sfX /s\.p˙\Æ/ <s\.ph\.Æ\> adj. 1.
fruitful, 2. successful.

smg/ /s\.m\g.r\/ <s\.m\.gr\> adj. 1.
whole, 2. entire.

sfa: /s\.p˙a.i/ <s\.pha.ii> fem.
cleanliness.

smcors /s\m.co.r\s/ <s\.m\.co.r\.s\>masc. a square.

sfac4 /s\.p˙a.c\ˇ/ <s\.pha.c\.ˇ\> advb.
totally used up.

smj /s\.m\Ô/ <s\.m\.Ô\> fem.
understanding.

sfaXu& /s\.p˙a.Æu~/ <s\.pha.Æu~> adj.
stunned.

smj8 /s\.m\.Ô\¯/ <s\.m\.Ô\.¯\> fem.
understanding.

sfed /s\.p˙ed/ <s\.phe.d\> adj. white.

smj8u& /s\.m\Ô.¯u~/ <s\.m\.Ô\.¯u~> adj.
wide.

sbk /s\.b\k/ <s\.b\.k\> masc. a moral.
sb6ko /s\.b\Î.ko/ <s\.b\.Î\.ko> masc.
a sound made when eating a liquid foodwith hand.

smjvu& /s\.m\Ô.vu~/ <s\.m\.Ô\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to understand, 2. to comprehend.
smju /s\m.Ôu/ <s\.m\.Ôu> adj. wise.

sb6vu& /s\.b\Î.vu~/ <s\.b\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.
to suffer for a long time.

smjUtI /s\m.Ôu.ti/ <s\.m\.Ôu.tii> fem. 1.
understanding, 2. compromise.

sbX /s\.b\Æ/ <s\.b\.Æ\> adj. strong.

smtl /s\m.t\l/ <s\.m\.t\.l\> neut. aneven surface.

s-r /s\.b˙\r/ <s\.bh\.r\> adj. plenty.
s-a /s\.b˙a/ <s\.bha> fem. a meeting.
s-asd /s\.p˙a.sad/ <s\.bha.s\.d\>masc. a member (of an association ororganization).
s_y /s\b˙.j\/ <s\.bhj\> masc. a
member (of an association ororganization).

smtula /s\m.tu.la/ <s\.m\.tu.la> fem.
balance.
smtol /s\m.tol/ <s\.m\.to.l\> adj. ofequal weight.
smd=IR /s\m.d\r.ßi/ <s\.m\.d\.rßii> adj.
impartial.

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sm±iQ4 /s\m.dr\ß.ˇi/ <s\.m\.dr\.s°ˇi>adj. impartial.

smSya /s\.m\s.ja/ <s\.m\.sja> fem. 1. ariddle, 2. a puzzle.

sm-av /s\m.b˙av/ <s\.m\.bha.v\>
masc. impartiality.

smagm /s\.ma.g\m/ <s\.ma.g\.m\>masc. 1. an act of meeting, 2. union.

smy /s\.m\j/ <s\.m\.j\> masc. time.

smacar /s\.ma.car/ <s\.ma.ca.r\> masc.
news.

smysUck /s\.m\j.su.c\k/<s\.m\.j\.suu.c\.k\> adj. sharpminded.
smysUckta /s\.m\j.su.c\k.ta/<s\.m\.j\.suu.c\.k\.ta> fem. presenceof mind.
smrvu& /s\.m\r.vu~/ <s\.m\.r\.vu~> v.tr.
to remember someone or something with
devotion.
sm£p /s\m.rup/ <s\.m\.ruu.p\> adj.
1. of the same form, 2. similar.
sm9R /s\.m\r.t˙\/ <s\.m\.rth\> adj.
powerful.
smpR8 /s\.m\r.p\¯/ <s\.m\.rp\.¯\>
neut. 1. an offering, 2. a surrendering, 3.
dedication.
smpRvu& /s\.m\r.p\.vu~/ <s\.m\.rp\.vu~>
v.tr. to offer, 2. to dedicate, .3 tosurrender.
smvySk /s\m.v\.j\s.k\/<s\.m\.v\.j\.sk\> adj. of the sameage.
sm=er /s\m.ßer/ <s\.m\.ße.r\> fem. asword.
smSt /s\/m\s.t\/ <s\.m\.st\> adj. 1.
entire, 2. whole.

smacarp{a /s\.ma.car.p\t.r\/<s\.ma.ca.r\.p\.tr\> neut. anewspaper.
smaj /s\.maÔ/ <s\.ma.Ô\> masc. 1.
society, 2. an association.
smajvad /s\.maÔ.vad/ <s\.ma.Ô\.va.d\>masc. socialism.
smaj=aS{a /s\.maÔ.ßaß.tr\/<s\.ma.Ô\.ßa.ßtr\> neut. sociology.
smaj=aS{aI /s\/maÔ.ßaß.tri/<s\.ma.Ô\.ßa.ßtrii> masc. a sociologist.
sma0an /s\/ma/d˙an/ <s\.ma.dha.n\>neut. 1. compromise, 2 settlement.
smai0 /s\.ma.d˙i/ <s\.ma.dhi> fem. 1.
deep meditation, 2. a death of an ascetic,
3. a shrine, etc. constructed over the
spot where an ascetic’s corpse is buried.
sman /s\.man/ <s\.ma.n\> adj. 1.
similar, 2. equal.
smanta /s\.man.ta/ <s\.ma.n\.ta> fem.
1. similarity, 2. equality.
smapn /s\.ma.p\n/ <s\.ma.p\.n\> neut.
an act of completion.

211
smaPt /s\.map.t\/ <s\.ma.pt\> adj. 1.
completed, 2. finished.

smu± /s\.mud.r\/ <s\.mu.dr\> masc. an
ocean.

smarvu& /s\.mar.vu~/ <s\.ma.r\.vu~> v.tr.
to repair.

sm<)0 /s\m.rud˙.d˙\/ <s\.mr≤.dhdh\>
adj. prosperious.

smar&- /s\.ma.r\m.b˙\/ <s\.ma.r\~.bh\>masc. a grand celebration.

sm<i)0 /s\m.rud˙.d˙i/ <s\.mr≤.dhdhi>
fem. prosperity.

smave= /s\.ma.veß/ <s\.ma.ve.ß\> masc.
1. accomodation, 2. inclusion.

sme4vu& /s\.meˇ.vu~/ <s\.me.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr.
to wind up.

smas /s\.mas/ <s\.ma.s\> masc. acompound.

smov6u& /s\.mo.v\.Îu~/ <s\.mo.v\.Îu~>adj. equal.

sma&tr /s\.ma~n.t\r/ <s\.ma~.t\.r\> adj.
parallel.

srk8u& /s\.r\k.¯u~/ <s\.r\.k\.¯u~> adj.
slippery.

simit /s\.mi.ti/ <s\.mi.ti> fem. acommittee.

srkvu& /s\.r\k.vu~/ <s\.r\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
1. to slip, 2. to slide.

smIkr8 /s\.mi.k\.r\¯/ <s\.mii.k\.r\.¯\>
neut. equation.

srkar /s\r.kar/ <s\.r\.ka.r\> fem.
government.

smIxa /s\.mik.ßa/ <s\.mi.kßa> fem.
criticism.

srkarI /s\r.ka.ri/ <s\.r\.ka.rii> adj.
governmental.

smIp /s\.mip/ <s\.mii.p\> adj. 1. near,
2. close.

srko /s\r.ko/ <s\.r\.ko> masc. vinegar.

smIpta /s\.mip.ta/ <s\.mii.p\.ta> fem.
1. nearness, 2. proximity.
smIsa&j /s\.mi.sa~Ô/ <s\.mii.sa~.Ô\> fem.
the dusk.
smUict /s\.mu.cit/ <s\.muu.ci.t\> adj.
proper.
smuCcy /s\.muc.c\.j\/ <s\.muu.cc\.j\>masc. a collection.
smUday /s\.mu.daj/ <s\.muu.da.j\>masc. a group.

sr`am8I /s\r.k˙am.¯i/<s\.r\.kha.m\.¯ii> fem. comparision.
sr`avvu& /s\r.k˙av.vu~/ <s\.r\.kha.v\.vu~>
v.tr. to compare.
sr`u& /s\r.k˙u~/ <s\.r\.khu~> adj. equal.
srgvo /s\r.g\.vo/ <s\.r\.g\.vo> masc.
a tree or its fruit like stick that can beused as vegetable.
sr3s /s\r.g˙\s/ <s\.r\.gh\.s\> neut. aprocession.

212

srdar /s\r.dar/ <s\.r\.da.r\> masc. 1.
leader, 2. chief.

srhd /s\r.h\d/ <s\.r\.h\.d\> fem. 1.
frontier, 2. border.

srdarI /s\r.da.ri/ <s\.r\.da.rii> fem.
leadership.

srX /s\.r\Æ/ <s\.r\.Æ\> adj. easy.

srnamu& /s\r.na.mu~/ <s\.r\.na.mu~> neut.
address.

srXta /s\.r\Æ.ta/ <s\.r\.Æ\.ta> fem.
simplicity.

srp&c /s\r.p\µc/ <s\.r\.p\~.c\> masc.
the president of a village assembly.

sravvu& /s\.rav.vu~/ <s\.ra.v\.vu~> v.tr. tooffer food and other things om the deathanniversary of a relative.

srpav /s\r.pav/ <s\.r\.pa.v\> masc. 1.
a gift, 2. an award.

srera= /s\.re.raß/ <s\.re.ra.ß\> fem.
average.

sr-r /s\r.b˙\r/ <s\.r\.bh\.r\> adj. 1.
neither more nor less, 2. equal.

srera= /s\.re.raß/ <s\.re.ra.ß\> advb. on
an average.

sr-ra /s\r.b˙\.ra/ <s\.r\.bh\.ra> fem.
hospitality.

sroj /s\.roÔ/ <s\.ro.Ô\> neut. lotus.

srmu`TyarI /s\r.muk˙.tja.ri/<s\.r\.mu.kh\.tja.rii> fem.
dictactorship.
srmu`Tyar=ahI /s\r.muk˙.tjar.ßa.hi/<s\.r\.mu.kh\.tja.r\.ßa.hii> fem.
dictatorship.
srvaXo /s\r.va.Æo/ <s\.r\.va.Æo> masc.
1. addition, 2. total.
srvEyu& /s\r.v\i.ju~/ <s\.r\.v\i.ju~> neut. abalance-sheet.
sri=yu& /s\.r\.ßi.ju~/ <s\.r\.ßi.ju~> neut.
rapeseed oil.

sroijnI /s\.ro.Ôi.ni/ <s\.ro.Ôi.nii> fem.
lotus plant.
srovr /s\.ro.v\r/ <s\.ro.v\.r\> neut.
lake.
sjRk /s\r.Ô\k/ <s\.rÔ\.k\> masc. creator.
sjRn /s\r.Ô\n/ <s\.rÔ\.n\> neut.
creation.
sjRnaTmk /s\r.Ô\.nat.m\k/<s\.rÔ\.na.tm\.k\> adj. creative.
sjRvu& /s\rÔ.vu~/ <s\.rÔ\.vu~> v.tr. tocreate.
svR /s\r.v\/ <s\.rv\> adj. all.

srs /s\.r\s/ <s\.r\.s\> adj. good.
srsaman /s\r.sa.man/ <s\.r\.sa.ma.n\>masc. household things.

AvRkalIn /s\r.v\.ka.lin/<s\.rva.ka.lii.n\> adj. eternal.

213
svRg/ahI /s\r.v\.gra.hi/ <s\.rva,gra.hii>
adj. comprehensive.

slamt /s\.la.m\t/ <s\.la.m\.t\> adj.
free from fear.

svR}a /s\r.v\g.n\/ <s\.rva.gn\> adj.
omniscient.

slamtI /s\.la.m\.ti/ <s\.la.m\.tii> fem,
safety.

svR{a /s\r.v\t.r\/ <s\.rva.tr\> advb.
everywhere.

slah /s\.lah/ <s\.la.h\> fem. advice.

svRna= /s\r.v\.naß/ <s\.rv\.na.ß\> masc.
total destruction.
svRnam /s\r.v\.nam/ <s\.rv\.na.m\>neut. pronoun.
svR-xI /s\r.v\.b˙k.ßi/ <s\.rv\.bh\.kßii>
adj. omnivorous.
svRmaNy /s\r.v\.man.j\/ <s\.rv\.ma.nj\>
adj. accepted by all.
svRVyapk /s\r.v\.vja.p\k/<s\.rv\.vja.p\.k\> adj. omnipresent.

slahkar /s\.lah.kar/ <s\.la.h\.ka.r\>adj. advisor.
sv8R /s\.v\r.¯\/ <s\.v\.r¯\> adj.
higher caste people.
svlt /s\v.l\t/ <s\.v\.l\.t\> fem.
convenience.
svXu& /\s\v.Æu~/ <s\.v\.Æu~> adj.
clockwise.
sva /s\.va/ <s\.va> adj. one and aquarter.
svayu& /s\.va.ju~/<s\.va.ju~> adj. superior.

svR=iktman /s\r.v\.ß\k.ti.man/<s\.rv\.ß\.kti.ma.n\> adj.
omnipotent.
svaRnumt /s\r.va.nu.m\t/<s\.rva.nu.m\.t\> adj. unnimous.
svaRnumit /s\r.va.nu.m\.ti/<s\.rva.nu.m\.ti> fem. unanimity.
svoRCc /s\r.vo.cc\/ <s\.rvo.cj\> adj.
highest.
sla4 /s\.laˇ/ <s\.la.ˇ\> masc. stonemason.
slam /s\.lam/ <s\.la.m\> fem.
salutation.

svar /s\.var/ <s\.va.r\> fem. morning.
svarI /s\.va.ri/ <s\.va.rii> fem. apassenger.
sval /s\.val/ <s\.va.l\> masc. 1.
question, 2. inquiry.
sivny /s\.vi.n\j/ <s\.vi.n\.j\> adj. 1.
courteous, 2. modest.
siv=eq /s\.vi.ßeß/ <s\.vi.ße.s°\> adj.
peculiar.
sivStr /s\.vis.t\r/ <s\.vi.st\.r\> adj. 1.
detailed, 2. extensive.

214
sveXa /s\.ve.Æa/ <s\.ve.Æa> advb. intime.

shyog /s\h.jog/ <s\.h\.jo.g\> masc. cooperation.

s=kt /s\.ß\k.t\/ <s\.ß\.kt\> adj.
strong.

shi=x8 /s\h.ßik.ß\¯/ <s\.h\.ßi.kß\.¯\>
neut. co-education.

ssro /s\s.ro/ <s\.s\.ro> masc. fatherin-law.

shsa /s\h.sa/ <s\.h\.sa> advb.
suddenly.

sslu& /s\s.lu~/ <s\.s\.lu~> neut. 1. rabbit,
2. hare.

shanu-av /s\.ha.nu.b˙av/<s\.ha.nu.bha.v\> masc. sympathy.

sStu& /s\s.tu~/ <s\.stu~> adj. cheap.

shanu-Uit /s\.ha.nu.b˙u.ti/<s\.ha.nu.bhuu.ti> fem. sympathy.

sSneh /s\.sneh/ <s\.sne.h\> adj. withlove.
sh /s\h/ <s\.h\> advb. with.
shkar /s\h.kar/ <s\.h\.ka.r\> masc. cooperation.
shkarI /s\h.ka.ri/ <s\.h\.ka.rii> adj.
co-operative.
shj /s\.h\Ô/ <s\.h\.Ô\> adj. 1. innate,
2. natural.
shjan&d /s\h.Ôa.n\nd/ <s\.h\.Ôa.n\~.d\>masc. bliss natural to the soul.
shn /s\.h\n/ <s\.h\.n\> neut.
suffering.
sh-agI /s\h.b˙a.gi/ <s\.h\.bha.gii> adj.
partner.
shmt /s\h.m\t/ <s\.h\.m\.t\> adj.
agreeing with.
shmit /s\h.m\.ti/ <s\.h\.m\.ti> fem.
agreement.

shay /s\.haj/ <s\.ha.j\> fem. help.
sihyr /s\.hi.j\r/ <s\.hi.j\.r\> fem.
female friend (of a female)sihyaru& /s\.hi.ja.ru~/ <s\.hi.ja.ru~> adj.
jointly owned.
sihQ8u /s\.hiß.¯u/ <s\.hi.s°¯u> adj.
tolerant.
sihQ8uta /s\.hiß.¯u.ta/ <s\.hi.s°¯u.ta>
fem. tolerance.
shI /s\.hi/ <s\.hii> fem. signature.
shej /s\.heÔ/ <s\.he.Ô\> adj. a little.
shetuk /s\.he.tuk/ <s\.he.t\.k\> adj.
intentional.
shel /s\.hel/ <s\.he.l\> fem. a pleasuretrip.
shelu& /s\.he.lu~/ <s\.he.lu~> adj. easy.
shodr /s\.ho.d\r/ <s\.ho.d\.r\> adj.
brother (born of the same mother).

215s¬ /s\h.j\/ <s\.hj\> adj. endurable.

s&kul /s\˜.kul/ <s\~.ku.l\> adj. complex.

sX /s\Æ/ <s\.Æ\> fem. wrinkle (on bed
shit etc.)

s&ket /s\˜.ket/ <s\~.ke.t\> masc. 1. sign,
2. gesture.

sXgvu& /s\.Æ\g.vu~/ <s\.Æ\.g\.vu~> v.intr.
to burn.

s&kelvu& /s\˜.kel.vu~/ <s\~.ke.l\.vu~> v.intr.
to wind up.

sXvXvu& /s\Æ.v\Æ.vu~/ <s\.Æ\.v\.Æ\.vu~>
v.intr. to move slowly.

s&koc /s\˜.koc/ <s\~.ko.c\> masc.
contraction.

sX&g /s\.Æ\˜g/ <s\.Æ\~.g\> adj.
unbroken.

s&kocvu& /s\˜.koc.vu~/ <s\~.ko.c\.vu~>
v.intr. to contract.

siXyo /s\.Æi.jo/ <s\.Æi.jo> masc. rod orbar (of metal).

s&korvu& /s\˜.kor.vu~/ <s\.ko.r\.vu~> v.tr.
to ignite.

sXI /s\.Æi/ <s\.Æii> fem. a thin roundstick.

s&ixPt /s\˜.kßip.t\/ <s\~.kßi.pt\> adj.
abridged.

sXe`m /s\.Æe.k˙\m/ <s\.Æe.kh\.m\> fem.
cold.

s&~ya /s\˜.k˙ja/ <s\~.khja> fem. 1.
number, 2. figure.

s&k4 /s\˜.k\ˇ/ <s\~.k\.ˇ\> neut. misery.

s&~yab&0 /s\˜.k˙ja.b\nd˙/<s\~.khja.b\~.dh\> adj. numerous.

s&k6am8 /s\˜k.Îa.m\¯/<s\~.k\.Îa.m\.¯\> fem. crowdedness.

s&g /s\˜g/ <s\~.g\> masc. association.

s&kln /s\˜.k\.l\n/ <s\~.k\.l\.n\> neut.
collection.

s&g5n /s\˜.g\.ˇ˙\n/ <s\~.g\.ˇh\.n\> neut.
1. association, 2. organization.

s&kLp /s\˜.k\l.p\/ <s\~.k\.lp\> masc.
determination.

s&gm /s\˜.g\m/ <s\~.g\.m\> masc.
meeting.

s&kLp=ikt /s\˜.k\l.p\.ß\k.ti/<s\~.k\.lp\.ß\.kti> fem. will-power.

s&ga9 /s\˜.gat˙/ <s\~.ga.th\> masc.
company (in travel).

s&kXavu& /s\˜k.Æa.vu~/ <s\~.k\.Æa.vu~> v.intr.
to be associated with.

s&gIt /s\˜.git/ <s\~.gii.t\> neut. music.

s&kuict /s\˜.ku.cit/ <s\~.ku.ci.t\> adj.
narrow (minded).

s&gIn /s\˜.gin/ <s\~.gii.n\> adj. 1. solid,
2. durable.

216
s&gemrmr /s\˜.ge.m\r.m\r/<s\~.ge.m\.r\.m\.r\> masc. marble.

s&}aavack /s\˜.gna.va.c\k/<s\.gna.va.c\.k\> adj. proper noun.

s&g/h /s\˜.gr\h/ <s\~.gr\.h\> masc. 1.
collection, 2. hoard.

s&6as /s\¯.Îas/ <s\~.Îa.s\> neut. latrine.

s&g/h`or /s\˜.gr\h.k˙or/<s\~.gr\.h\.kho.r\> adj. hoarder.

s&6ovvu& /s\¯.Îov.vu~/ <s\~.Îo,v\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to involve, 2. to implicate.
s&t /s\nt/ <s\~.t\> masc. saint.

s&g/h`orI /s\˜.gr\h.k˙o.ri/<s\~.gr\.h\.kho.rii> fem. hoarding.
s&g/hvu& /s\˜.gr\h.vu~/ <s\~.gr\.h\.vu~>
v.tr. to collect.

s&tva8I /s\nt.va.¯i/ <s\~.t\.va.¯i> fem.
teaching of saints.
s&tru /s\nt.ru~/ <s\~.t\.ru> neut. orange.

s&g/hS9an /s\˜.gr\h.st˙an/<s\~.gr\.h\.stha.n\> neut. museum.

s&takUk6I /s\n.ta.kuk.Îi/ <s\~.ta.ku.k\.Îii>fem. a game of hide and seek.

s&3 /s\˜.g\/ <s\~.gh\> masc. 1. group ofpilgrims, 2. association, 3. union.

s&ta6vu& /s\n.taÎ.vu~/ <s\~.ta.Î\.vu~> v.tr.
to hide.

s&3rvu& /s\˜.g\r.vu~/ <s\~.gh\.r\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to collect, 2. to hoard.

s&tan /s\n.tan/ <s\~.ta.n\> neut.
offspring.

s&3qR /s\m.g˙\rß/ <s\~.gh\.rs°\> masc. 1.
clash, 2. conflict.

s&tap /s\n.tap/ <s\~.ta.p\> masc. 1.
distress, 3. misery.

s&calk /s\µ.ca.l\k/ <s\~.ca.l\.k\> masc.
manager (male).

s&tavu& /s\n.ta.vu~/ <s\~.ta.vu~> v.intr. tohide (oneself).

s&cailka /s\µ.ca.li.ka/ <s\~.ca.li.ka> fem.
manager (female).

s&tuln /s\n.tu.l\n/ <s\~.tu.l\.n\> neut.
balance.

s&caln /s\µ.ca.l\n/ <s\~.ca.l\.n\> neut.
management.

s&toq /s\n.toß/ <s\~.to.s°\> masc.
satisfaction.

s&co /s\µ.co/ <s\~.co> masc. machine.

s&toqkark /s\n.toß.ka.r\k/<s\~.to.s°\.ka.r\.k\> adj. satisfactory.

s&jog /s\µ.Ôog/ <s\~.Ôo.g\> masc.
meeting.
s&}aa /s\˜.gna/ <s\~.gna> fem. sign.

s&toqI /s\n.to.ßi/ <s\~.to.s°ii> adj. having
happy disposition.
s&d-R /s\n.d\rb˙/ <s\~.d\.rbh\> masc. 1.
context, 2. reference.

217

s&idG0 /s\n.dig.d˙\/ <s\~.di.gdh\> adj.
doubtful.
s&de= /s\n.deß/ <s\~.de.ß\> masc.
message.
s&de=vahk /s\n.deß.va.h\k/<s\~.de.ß\.va.h\.k\> adj. 1. messenger,
2. courier.
s&deh /s\n.deh/ <s\~.de.h\> masc. 1.
doubt, 2. suspicion.

s&pkR /s\m.p\rk/ <s\~.p\.rk\> masc.
contact.
s&padk /s\m.pa.d\k/ <s\~.pa.d\.k\>masc. editor.
s&padkIy /s\m.pa.d\.ki.j\/<s\~.pa.d\.kii.j\> adj. editorial.
s&padn /s\m.pa.d\n/ <s\~.pa.d\.n\>neut. 1. editing, .2 acquiring.
s&pU8R /s\m.pur.¯\/ <s\~.puu.r¯\> adj.
1. entire, 2. whole.

s&i0 /s\n.d˙i/ <s\~.dhi> fem. 1. a joint, 2.
conjunction, 3. treaty, 4. euphoniccoalition of sounds (in grammar).

s&p/day /s\m.pr\.daj/ <s\~.pr\.da.j\>masc. 1. a religious sect, 2. a cult.

s&i0kaX /s\n.d˙i.kaÆ/ <s\~.dhi.ka.Æ\>masc. period of transition.

s&b&0 /s\m.b\n.d˙\/ <s\~.b\~.dh\> masc.
relation.

s&)ya /s\n.d˙ja/ <s\~.dhja> fem. 1.
evening, 2. evening prayer.

s&b&0I /s\m.b\n.d˙i/ <s\~.b\~.dhii> adj. 1.
related, 2. relative.

s&inpat /s\n.ni.pat/ <s\~.ni.pa.t\> masc.
delirium.

s&bo0vu& /s\m.bod˙.vu~/ <s\~.bo.dh\.vu~>
v.tr. to address.

s&inQ5 /s\n.nißˇ˙/ <s\~.ni.s°ˇh\> adj. 1.
honest, 2. devoted.

s&-v /s\m.b˙\v/ <s\~.bh\.v\> masc.
likelihood.

s&inQ5a /s\n.niß.ˇ˙a/ <s\~.ni.s°ˇha> fem. 1.
honesty, 2. devotion.

s&-Xavvu& /s\mb˙.Æav.vu~/<s\~.bh\.Æa.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to makesomeone hear, 2. to speak in insulting
manner.

s&Nyas /s\m.njas/ <s\~.nja.s\> masc.
asceticism.
s&NyasI /s\m.ja.si/ <s\~.nja.sii> masc.
hermit.

s&-arvu& /s\m.b˙ar.vu~/ <s\~.bha.r\.vu~>
v.tr. 1. to remember, 2. to recollect.

s&p /s\mp/ <s\~.p\> masc. unity.

s&-avna /s\m.b˙av.na/ <s\~.bha.v\.na>fem. probability.

s&pi]a /s\m.p\.tti/ <s\~.p\.tti> fem.
wealth.

s&-aX /s\m.b˙aÆ/ <s\~.bha.Æ\> fem. care.

218
s&-og /s\m.b˙og/ <s\~.bho.g\> masc.
sexual intercourse.

s&vad /s\m.vad/ <s\~.va.d\> masc.
conversation.

s&mt /s\m.m\t/ <s\~.m\.t\> adj. agreed.

s&vaidta /s\m.va.di.ta/ <s\~.va.di.ta> fem.
harmony.

s&mit /s\m.m\.ti/ <s\~.m\.ti> fem. 1.
approval, 2. agreement.
s&meln /s\m.me.l\n/ <s\~.me.l\.n\> neut.
gathering.

s&vadI /s\m.va.di/ <s\~.va.dii> adj.
harmonious.
s&vedn /s\m.ve.d\n/ <s\~.ve.d\.n\> neut.
sensation.

s&ym /s\i~.j\m/ <s\~.j\.m\> masc. 1.
restraint, 2. control.

s&=y /s\m.ß\j/ <s\~.ß\.j\> masc.
suspicion.

s&yukt /s\m.juk.t\/ <s\~.ju.kt\> adj. 1.
joined, 2. united.

s&=o0k /s\m.ßo.d˙\k/ <s\~.ßo.dh\.k\>adj. researcher.

s&yog /s\m.jog/ <s\~.jo.g\> masc. 1.
union, 2. meeting.

s&=o0n /s\m.ßo.d˙\n/ <s\~.ßo.dh\.n\>neut. 1. research, 2. purification.

s&yojk /s\m.jo.Ô\k/ <s\~.jo.Ô\.k\> adj.
uniting.

s&=oi0t /s\m.ßo.d˙it/ <s\~.ßo.dhi.t\> adj.
1. purified, 2. searched out.

s&yojk /s\m.jo.Ô\k/ <s\~.jo.Ô\.k\> masc.
organizer.

s&sgR /s\m.s\rg/ <s\~.s\.rg\> masc. 1.
contact, 2. association.

s&yojn /s\m.jo.Ô\n/ <s\~.jo.Ô\.n\> neut.
the act of joining.

s&sar /s\m.sar/ <s\~.sa.r\> masc. 1. theuniverse, 2. the world.

s&rxk /s\m.r\k.ß\k/ <s\~.r\.kß\.k\> adj.
protector.

s&sarI /s\m.sa.ri/ <s\~.sa.rii> adj.
worldly.

s&rx8 /s\m.r\k.ß\¯/ <s\~.r\.kß\.¯\>
neut. protection.

s&Skar /s\m.skar/ <s\~.ska.r\> masc.
purification.

s&vt /s\m.v\t/ <s\~.v\.t\> masc. theVikram era that begun in 56 B.C.

s&SkarIta /s\m.sa.ri.ta/ <s\~.ska.rii.ta>
fem. civility.

s&vTsrI /s\m.v\t.s\.ri/ <s\~.v\.ts\.rii>
fem. death anniversary.

s&Sk<t /s\m.skut/ <s\~.skr≤.t\> fem.
Sanskrit language.

s&vnn /s\m.v\.n\n/ <s\~.v\.n\.n\> neut.
1. wooing, 2. courting.

s&Sk<it /s\m.skru.ti/ <s\~.skr≤.ti> fem.
civilization.

219
s&S9a /s\ß.t˙a/ <s\~.stha> fem. institution.
s&S9apk /s\m.st˙a.p\k/ <s\~.stha.p\.k\>adj. founder.
s&har /s\m.har/ <s\~.ha.r\> masc.
destruction.
sakr /sa.k\r/ <sa.k\.r\> fem. suger.
saxr /sak.ß\r/ <sa.kß\.r\> adj. 1.
literate, 2. learned.
saxat\ /sak.ßat/ <sa.kßa.t> advb. inphysical presence.

sa6{aIs /sa.Î\t.ris/ <sa.Î\.trii.s\> adj.
thirty-seven.
sa6lo /saÎ.lo/ <sa.Î\.lo> masc. sari.
sa6I /sa.Îi/ <sa.Îii> fem. sari.
sa6asatI /sa.Îa.sa.ti/ <sa.Îa.sa.tii> fem.
malicious influence of Saturn thatremains over a period of seven years.
sa7u /sa.Î˙u/ <sa.Îhu> masc. husbandof wife’s sister.
sa8sI /sa¯.si/ <sa.¯\.sii> fem. pair ofpincers.

saxaTkar /sak.ßat.kar/ <sa.kßa.tka.r\>masc. 1. devine realization, 2. spiritual
perception.

sat /sat/ <sa.t\> adj. seven.

saxI /sak.ßi/ <sa.kßii> fem. testimony.

satTy /sa.t\t.j\/ <sa.t\.tj\> neut.
continuity.

saxI /sak.ßi/ <sa.kßii> masc. eyewitness.

satm /sa.t\m/ <sa.t\.m\> fem. seventh
day of a lunar fortnight.

sag /sag/ <sa.g\> masc. 1. teak-tree, 2.
teak-wood.

satmu& /sat.mu~/ <sa.t\.mu~> adj. seventh.
sa9 /sat˙/ <sa.th\> masc. company.

sagr /sa.g\r/ <sa.g\.r\> masc. ocean.
sa9X /sa.t˙\Æ/ <sa.th\.Æ\> fem. thigh.
sacvvu& /sa.c\v.vu~/ <sa.c\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .
to take care of, 2. to preserve.
sacu& /sa.cu~/ <sa.cu~> adj. 1. true, 2.
right.
saju& /sa.Ôu~/ <sa.Ôu~> adj. healthy.
sa4u& /sa.ˇu~/ <sa.ˇu~> neut. bargain.
sa4e /sa.ˇe/ <sa.ˇe> postp. in exchange.

sai9yo /sa.t˙i.jo/ <sa.ˇhi.jo> masc.
auspicious figure of Swastik.
sa9I /sa.t˙i/ <sa.kßii> masc. companion.
sa9Idar /sa.t˙i.dar/ <sa.thii.da.r\> masc.
companion.
sad /sad/ <sa.d\> masc. 1. voice, 2.
shout.

220
sadgI /sad.gi/ <sa.d\.gii> fem.
simplicity.
sadr /sa.d\r/ <sa.d\.r\> advb.
respectfully.
sada: /sa.da.i/ <sa.da.ii> fem.
simplicity.
sadu& /sa.du~/ <sa.du~> adj. 1. simple, .2
plain.

sap /sap/ <sa.p\> masc. a male serpent.
sap8 /sa.p\¯/ <sa.p\.¯\> fem. a female
serpent.
sapex /sa.pek.ß\/ <sa.pe.kß\> adj.
relative.
sapoilyu& /sa.po.li.ju~/ <sa.po.li.ju~> neut.
young serpent.

sa0k /sa.d˙\k/ <sa.dh\.k\> masc.
spiritual discipline.

saPtaihk /sap.ta.hik/ <sa.pta.hi.k\> adj.
weekly.

sa0n /sa.d˙\n/ <sa.dh\.n\> neut. 1.
tool, .2 instrument.

saf /sap˙/ <sa.ph\> adj. clean.

sa0ns&pNn /sa.d˙\n.sam.p\n.n\/<sa.dh\.n\.s\~.p\.nn\> adj. possessing
sufficient resources.
sa0na /sad˙.na/ <sa.dh\.na> fem.
spiritual practice.
sa0vu& /sad˙.vu~/ <sa.dh\.vu~> v.tr. toundergo a spiritual practice.

safsUf /sap˙.sup˙/ <sa.ph\.suu.ph\>adj. cleaning.
safo /sa.p˙o/ <sa.pho> masc. a kind of
turban.
sabdu& /sab.du~/ <sa.b\.du~> adj. alert.
sabr /sa.b\r/ <sa.b\.r\> neut. stag.
saibtI /sa.bi.ti/ <sa.bi.tii> fem. proof.

sa0ar8 /sa.d˙a.r\¯/ <sa.dha.r\.¯\> adj.
1. ordinary, 2. common.
sa0u /sa.d˙u/ <sa.dhu> adj. good.
sa0u /sa.d˙u/ <sa.dhu> masc. 1. ascetic,
2. hermit.
sa)vI /sad˙.vi/ <sa.dhvii> fem. 1. afemale ascetic, 2. a female hermit.
san /san/ <sa.n\> fem. . sign, 2. sense.
sanukUX /sa.nu.kuÆ/ <sa.nu.kuu.Æ\> adj.
favorable.

sabu /sa.bu/ <sa.bu> masc. soap.
sa-ar /sa.b˙ar/ <sa.bha.r\> adj.
thankful.
sa-ar /sa.b˙ar/ <sa.bha.r\> advb.
gratefully.
samg/I /sa.m\g.ri/ <sa.m\.grii> fem.
materials.
sam4u& /sam.ˇu~/ <sa.m\.ˇu~> adj.
collected.

221
samno /sam.no/ <sa.m\.no> masc.
resistance.

sarvar /sar.var/ <sa.r\.va.r\> fem. 1.
nursing, 2. attendance.

samiyk /sa.m\.jik/ <sa.m\.ji.k\> neut.
periodical.

sars /sa.r\s/ <sa.ra.s\> neut. crane.

sam(yR /sa.m\r.t˙j\/ <sa.m\.rthj\> neut.
capability.
sama@k /sa.ma.Ôik/ <sa.ma.Ôii.k\> adj.
social.
saman /sa.man/ <sa.ma.n\> masc.
luggage.

sar&gI /sa.r\˜.gi/ <sa.r\~.gii> fem.
stringed musical instument.
sarasarI /sa.ra.sa.ri/ <sa.ra.sa.rii> fem.
cordial relations.
sara&= /sa.ra~mß/ <sa.ra~.ß\> masc. 1.
essence, 2. gist.
saru& /sa.ru~/ <sa.ru~> adj. good.

samaNy /sa.ma.nj\/ <sa.ma.nj\> adj.
general.
samaNytŠ /sa.ma.nj\.t\h/ <sa.ma.nj\.t\:>
advb. usually.
samudaiyk /sa.mu.da.jik/ <sa.mu.da.ji.k\>
adj. collective.
samUihk /sa.mu.hik/ <sa.muu.hi.k\> adj.
collective.
same /sa.me/ <sa.me> postp. in front of.
samEyu& /sa.m\i.ju~/ <sa.m\i.ju~> neut.
procession going to receive a dignitary.
saMy /sam.j\/ <sa.mj\> neut. similitude.
sam/ajy /sam.raÔ.j\/ <sa.mra,Ôj\> neut.
empire.
sayujy /sa.juÔ.j\/ <sa.ju.Ôj\> neut.
merging together.
sar /sar/ <sa.r\> masc. 1. essence, 2.
gist, 3. summary.

sa9Rk /sar.t˙\k/ <sa.rth\.k\> adj.
successful.
savRjink /sar.v\.Ô\.nik/ <sa.rv\.Ô\.ni.k\>
adj. public.
savRi{ak /sar.v\.trik/ <sa.rv\.tri.k\> adj.
ubiquitous.
savR-Om /sar.v\.b˙\um/<sa.rv\.bh\u.m\> adj. sovereign.
sal /sal/ <sa.l\> neut. year.
sal-r /sal.b˙\r/ <sa.l\.bh\.r\> advb.
through out the year.
salvu& /sal.vu~/ <sa.l\.vu~> v.intr. to feel apricking pain.
salosal /sa.lo.sal/ <sa.lo.sa.l\> advb.
every year.
saLlo /sal.lo/ <sa.llo> masc. sari.
sav /sav/ <sa.v\> advb. completely.

222
savku& /sav.ku~/ <sa.v\.ku~> adj. of astep-relation.

saheba /sa.he.ba/ <sa.he.ba> fem.
respectable woman.

savcet /sav.cet/ <sa.v\.ce.t\> adj.
cautious.

sahebI /sa.he.bi/ <sa.he.bii> fem.
prosperity.

savcetI /sav.ce.ti/ <sa.v\.ce.tii> fem.
caution.

sahelI /sa.he.li/ <sa.he.lii> fem. afemale friend.

savj /sa.v\Ô/ <sa.v\.Ô\> masc. lion.

saXavelI /sa.Æa.ve.li/ <sa.Æa.ve.lii> fem.
wife of wife’s brother.

savr8I /sa.v\r.¯i/ <sa.v\.r\.¯ii> fem. asmall broom.

saXI /sa.Æi/ <sa.Æii> fem. wife’s sister.

savr8o /sa.v\r.¯o/ <sa.v\.r\.¯o> masc.
a big broom.

saXo /sa.Æo/ <sa.Æo> masc. wife’s
brother.

sasiryu& /sa.s\r.(i)ju~/ <sa.s\.ri.ju~> adj. a
relative of father-in-law.

sa&k6u& /sa~k.Îu~/ <sa~.k\.Îu~> adj. narrow.

sasrI /sas.ri/ <sa.s\.rii> fem. home orfamily of father-in-law.
sasu /sa.su/ <sa.su> fem. mother-in-law.
sahijk /sah.Ôik/ <sa.h\.Ôi.k\> adj. 1.
natural, 2. instinctive.

sa&kX /sa~.k\Æ/ <sa~.k\.Æ\> fem. chain.
sa&kXvu& /sa~.k\Æ.vu~/ <sa~.k\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. tolink to gether.
sa&kXI /sa~k.Æi/ <sa~.k\.Æii> fem. necklace.
sa&kXu& /sa~k.Æu~/ <sa~.k\.Æu~> neut. anklet.

sahs /sa.h\s/ <sa.h\.s\> neut. 1.
adventure, 2. enterprise.

sa&`vu& /sa~k˙.vu~/ <sa~.kh\.vu~> v.tr. toendure.

sahisk /sah.sik/ <sa.h\.si.k\> adj.
adventurous.

sa&j /sa~Ô/ <sa~.Ô\> fem. evening.

saihTy /sa.hit.j\/ <sa.hi.tj\> neut.
literature.
saihiTyk /sa.hit.jik/ <sa.hi.tji.k\> adj.
literary.
saheb /sa.heb/ <sa.he.b\> masc. 1.
master, 2. boss, 3. reputed person.

sa&5o /sa~.ˇ˙o/ <sa~.ˇho> masc. stalk ofsugar cane.
sa&0vu& /sa~d˙.vu~/ <sa~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tosew, 2. to join, 3. to solder.
sa&0o /sa~.d˙o/ <sa~.dho> masc. joint.
sa&p/t /sa~m.pr\t/ <sa~.pr\.t\> adj.
contemporary.

223

sa&p/daiyk /sa~p.r\.da.jik/ <sa~.pr\.da.ji.k\>
adj. sectarian.
sa&belu& /sa~.be.lu~/ <sa~.be.lu~> neut. awooden pestle.

isfars /si.p˙a.r\s/ <si.pha.r\.s\> fem.
recommendation.
islk /si.l\k/ <si.l\.k\> fem. amountremaining after expenditure.

sa&-Xvu& /sa~.b˙\Æ.vu~/ <sa~.bh.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to hear, 2. to listen.

islislab&0 /sil.si.la.b\nd˙/<si.l\.si.la.b\~.dh\> adj. in orderly
manner.

sa&sairk /sa~.sa.rik/ <sa~.sa.ri.k\> adj.
mundane.

isla: /si.la.i/ <si.la.ii> fem. sewing.

sa&Skairk /sa~ns.ka.rik/ <sa~.sa.ka.ri.k>
adj. pertaining to culture.
sa&Sk<itk /sa~s.kru.tik/ <sa~.skr≤.ti.k\> adj.
cultural.
iskko /sik.ko/ <si.kko> masc. 1. seal, 2.
stamp, 3. coin.
istm /si.t\m/ <si.t\.m\> masc. tyranny.
istar /si.tar/ <si.ta.r\> fem. a musicalinstrument.
istaro /si.ta.ro/ <si.ta.ro> masc. star.
is]aer /sit.ter/ <si.tte.r\> adj. seventy.
isTyoter /sit.jo.t\r/ <si.tjo.te.r\> adj.
seventy seven.
isTya=I /sit.ja.ßi/ <si.tja.ßii> adj. eighty
seven.
is)0aNt /sid˙.d˙an.t\/ <si.dhdha.nt\>
masc. 1. principle, 2. doctrine, 3.
theorem.
ispa: /si.pai/ <si.pa.ii> masc. soldier.

isv6am8 /siv.Îa.m\¯/ <si.v\.Îa.m\.¯\>
fem. wages for sewing.
isskarvu& /sis.kar.vu~/ <si.s\.ka.r\.vu~>
v.intr. to hiss.
isskaro /sis.ka.ro/ <si.s\.ka.ro> masc.
hissing sound.
isso4I /si.so.ˇi/ <si.so.ˇii> fem. whistle.
is&cvu& /siµc.vu~/ <si~.c\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tosprinkle, 2. to water (plant and etc.).
is&dUr /sin.dur/ <si~.du.r\> neut.
vermilion.
is&0v /sin.d˙\v/ <si~.dh\.v\> neut. rocksalt.
is&0I /sin.d˙i/ <si~.dhii> fem. acommunity so named.
is&0I /sin.d˙i/ <si~.dhii> fem. Sindhi
language.
is&h /simh/ <si~.h\> masc. lion.
is&h8 /sim.h\¯/ <si~.h\.¯\> fem. lioness.

224
is&hasn /sim.ha.s\n/ <si~.ha.s\.n\> neut.
throne.
sIzvvu& /si.Ô˙\v.vu~/ <sii.Ôh\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to cook by moderate heat.
sIzvu& /siÔ˙.vu~/ <sii.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. to becooked by moderate heat.
sI4I /si.ˇi/ <sii.ˇii> fem. a whistle.
sI6I /si.Îi/ <sii.Îii> fem. 1. ladder, 2.
staircase.

su` /suk˙/ <su.kh\> neut. happiness.
su`6 /su.k˙\Î/ <su.kh\.Î\> neut.
sandalwood.
su`6I /su.k˙.Îi/ <su.kh\.Îii> fem. akind of sweet.
su`I /su.k˙i/ <su.khii> adj. 1. happy, 2.
well-to-do.
sugm /su.g\m/ <su.g\.m\> adj. easy.

sI0u& /si.d˙u~/ <sii.dhu~> adj. straight.

sug&0 /su:.g\nd˙/ <su.g\~.dh\> fem.
fragrance.

sIm /sim/ <sii.m\> fem. land on theborder of a village.

su36 /su.g˙\Î/ <suu.gh\.Î\> adj. neatand clean.

sIm&t /si.m\nt/ <sii.m\~.t\> neut. a ritual
performed at the time of the firstpregnancy of a woman.

su6taXIs /suÎ.ta.lis/ <su.Î\.ta.Æii.s\>
adj. forty seven.

sIma /si.ma/ <sii.ma> fem. 1. border, 2.
boundary.
sIimt /si.mit/ <sii.mi.t\> adj. limited.
sIv8 /si.v\¯/ <sii.v\.¯\> neut. sewing.
sIvvu& /siv.vu~/ <sii.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tosew, 2. to stitch.
sI&ca: /siµ.cai/ <sii~.ca.ii> fem.
irrigation.

su6oX /su.ÎoÆ/ <su.Îo.Æ\> adj.
handsome.
sutraw /sut.ra.u/ <su.t\.ra.u~> adj. madeof cotton yarn.
sud /sud/ <su.d\> fem. bright half of a
lunar month.
su0rvu& /su.d˙\r.vu~/ <su.dh\.r\.vu~>
v.intr. t o improve.
su0ra: /sud˙.ra.i/ <su.dh\.ra.ii> fem.
municipality.

sukan /su.kan/ <su.ka.n\> neut. helm.
su0a /su.d˙a/ <su.dha> fem. nectar.
sukanI /su.ka.ni/ <su.ka.nii> masc.
helmsman.
sukavu& /su.ka.vu~/ <su.ka.vu~> v.intr. to
become dry.

su0arvu/& su.d˙ar.vu~/ <su.dha.r\.vu~> v.tr.
to improve.

225
su0aro /su.d˙a.ro/ <su.dha.ro> masc.
improvement.

sulehnamu& /su.leh.na.mu~/<su.le.h\.na.mu~> neut. peace treaty.

su0I /su.d˙i/ <su.dhii> postp. 1. up to, 2
until.

suvaky /su.vak.j\/ <su.va.kj\> neut. a
maxim.

sunav8I /su.na.v\.¯i/ <su.na.v\.¯ii>
fem. hearing of a case in a court.

suvav6 /su.va.v\Î/ <su.va.v\.Î\> fem.
childbirth.

supa{a /su.pat.r\/ <su.pa.tr\> adj.
deserving.

suvas /su.vas/ <su.va.s\> fem.
fragrance.

sup/is)0 /su.pr\.sid˙.d˙\/<su.pr\.si.dhdh\> adj. 1. renowned,
2. well-known.

suiv~yat /su.vik˙.jat/ <su.vi.khja.t\> adj.
well-known.

subo0 /su.bod˙/ <su.bo.dh\> adj. easy
to understand.
sumn /su.m\n/ <su,m\.n\> neut.
flower.
surixt /su.r\k.ßit/ <su.r\.kßi.t\> adj.
safe.
surIlu& /su.ri.lu~/ <su.rii.lu~> adj. 1. welltuned, 2. melodious.
suruic /su.ru.ci/ <su.ru.ci> adj. refined
taste.
sure` /su.rek˙/ <su.re.kh\> adj.
proportionate.
sul- /su.l\b˙/ <su.l\.bh\> adj. easily
available.
sule`n /su.le.k˙\n/ <su.le.kh\.n\> neut.
good handwriting.
suleh /su.leh/ <su.le.h\> fem. peace.

suividt /su.vi.dit/ <su.vi.di.t\> adj.
well-known.
suiv0a /su.vi.d˙a/ <su.vi.dha> fem.
convenience.
sui=ixt /su.ßik.ßit/ <su.ßi.kßi.t\> adj.
well-educated.
su=Il /su.ßil/ <su.ßi.l\> adj. of a goodcharacter.
su=o-n /su.ßo.b˙\n/ <su.ßo.bh\.n\>neut. decoration.
su=oi-t /ßu.ßo.b˙it/ <su.ßo.bhi.t\> adj.
well-decorated.
susjj /su.s\Ô.Ô\/ <su.s\.ÔÔ\> adj. wellequipped.
susva4o /sus.va.ˇo/ <su.s\.va.ˇo> masc.
a wind-blow.
sus&gt /su.s\˜.g\t/ <su.s\~.g\.t\> adj. 1.
consistent.
suSt /sus.t\/ <su.st\> adj. lazy.

226

suStI /sus.ti/ <su.stii> fem. laziness.
su&dr /sun.d\r/ <su~.d\.r\> adj.
beautiful.

sUmsam /sum.sam/ <suu.m\.sa.m\> adj.
utterly silent.
sUr /sur/ <suu.r\> masc. musical tune.
sUrj /su.r\Ô/ <suu.r\.Ô\> masc. the sun.

suvaXu& /su.wa.Æu~/ <su.va.Æu~> adj.
smooth.
sUkvvu& /su.k\v.vu~/ <suu.k\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
to dry.
sUku& /su.ku~/ <su.ku~> adj. dry.
sUåm /suk.ßm\/ <suu.kßm\> adj.
minute.

sUr8 /su.r\¯/ <suu.r\.¯\> neut. a nameof an edible root.
sUyR /sur.j\/ <suu.rj\> masc. the sun.
sUyRg/h8 /sur.j\.gr\.h\¯/<suu.rj\.gr\.h\.¯\> neut. solar
eclipse.

sUg /sug/ <suu.g\> fem. nausea.

sUyRmu`I /sur.j\.mu.k˙i/<suu.rj\.mu.khii> neut. sun-flower.

sUck /su.c\k/ <suu.c\.k\> adj. 1.
suggestive, 2. indicative.

sUyaRSt /sur.jas.t\/ <suu.rja.st\> masc.
sunset.

sUcn /su.c\n/ <suu.c\.n\> neut. 1.
suggestion, 2. indication.

sUyoRdy /sur.jo.d\j/ <suu.rjo.d\.j\> masc.
sunrise.

sUcvvu& /su.c\v.vu~/ <suu.c\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to indicate,2 to suggest.

sUvr /su.v\r/ <suu.v\.r\> neut. pig.

sUic /su.ci/ <suu.ci> fem. list.
sUict /su.cit/ <suu.ci.t\> adj. 1.
suggested, 2. indicated.
sUjvu& /suÔ.vu~/ <suu.Ô\.vu~> v.intr. 1. toswell, 2. to be swollen.
sUz /suÔ˙/ <suu.Ôh\> fem. deeper
understanding.
sUtk /su.t\k/ <suu.t\.k\> neut.
ceremonial untouchablility observed
after a death of a family member.

sUvu& /su.vu~/ <suu.vu~> v.intr. to sleep.
sU&3vu& /su˜g.vu~/ <suu~.gh\.vu~> v.tr. tosmell.
sU&5 /su~ˇ˙/ <suu~.ˇh\> fem. dry ginger.
sU&7 /su~Î˙/ <suu~.Îh\> fem. trunk.
s<iQ4 /sruß.ˇi/ <sr≤.s°ˇi> fem. the universe.
sena /se.na/ <se.na> fem. army.
sevk /se.v\k/ <se.v\.k\> masc. servant.
seva /se.va/ <se.va> fem. service.

227

sevacakrI /se.va.cak.ri/ <se.va.ca.k\.rii>
fem. nursing.
se&k6o /s´~k.Îo/ <se~.k\.Îo> masc. ahundred.

sonerI /so.ne.ri/ <so.ne.rii> adj. golden.
soparI /so.pa.ri/ <so.pa.rii> fem. betel
nut.
sobt /so.b\t/ <so.b\.t\> fem. company.

se&9I /s´~.t˙i/ <se~.thii> fem. line formedby the parting of hair on two sides.
sE)0aiNtk /s\i.d˙an.tik/<s\i.dhdha.nti.k\> adj. theoretical.

somvar /som.var/ <so.m\.va.r\> masc.
Monday.
soml /so.m\l/ <so.m\.l\> masc.
extreme poisonous object.

sEink /s\i.nik/ <s\i.ni.k\> masc. soldier.
soy /soj/ <so.j\> fem. a needle.
sENy /s\i.nj\/ <s\i.nj\> neut. army.
so /sø/ <so> adj. hundred.

soyo /so.jo/ <so.jo> masc. a large andthick needle.

sogn /so.g\n/ <so.g\.n\> masc. anoath.

sohag /so.hag/ <so.ha.g\> masc. welladorned.

sogat /so.gat/ <so.ga.t\> fem. gift.

soham8u& /so.ha.m\.¯u~/ <so.ha.m\.¯u~>adj. good-looking.

sojo /so.Ôo/ <so.Ôo> masc. swelling.
so4I /so.ˇi/ <so.ˇii> fem. a cane.
so6 /soÎ/ <so.Î\> fem. a side of thebody.
so6m /so.Î\m/ <so.Î\.m\> fem.
fragrance.
sodagr /so.da.g\r/ <so.da.g\.r\> masc.
a merchant doing large scale business.
sodo /so.do/ <so.do> masc. trade.
sonamhor /so.na.m\.hor/<so.na.m\.ho.r\> fem. guinea.
sonu& /so.nu~/ <so.nu~> neut. gold.

soX /soÆ/ <so.Æ\> adj. sixteen.
so&3varI /sø~˜g.va.ri/ <so~.gh\.va.rii> fem.
cheapness.
so&pvu& /sø~p.vu~/ <so~.p\.vu~> v.tr. 1. tohand over. 2. to entrust.
sO /s\u/ <s\u> adj. all.
sOjNy /s\u.Ô\n.j\/ <s\u.Ô\.nj\> neut.
gentlemanliness.
sO-aGy /s\u.b˙ag.j\/ <s\u.bha.gj\> neut.
good fortune.
sOr- /s\u.r\b˙/ <s\u.r\.bh\> neut.
fragrance.

228

sO&dyR /s\u~.d\r.j\/ <s\u~.d\.rj\> neut.
beauty.

S9avr /st˙a.v\r/ <stha.v\.r\> adj.
immovable.
iS9it /st˙i.ti/ <sthi.ti> fem. a condition.

S`ln /sk˙\.l\n/ <skh\.l\.n\> neut. 1.
an error, 2. a mistake.

iS9r /st˙ir/ <sthi.r\> adj. immovable.

Stn /st\n/ <st\.n\> masc. female
breast.

Snatk /sna.t\k/ <sna.t\.k\> masc.
graduate.

Str /st\r/ <st\.r\> neut. a layer.

Snan /snan/ <sna.n\> neut. a bath.

Stvn /st\.v\n/ <st\.v\.n\> neut. praise.

Snayu /sne.h\/ <sna.ju> masc. a muscle.

Stuit /stu.ti/ <stu.ti> fem. praise.

Sneh /sneh/ 
 masc. 1. love, 2.
affection.

StuTy /stut.j\/ <stu.tj\> adj.
praiseworthy.
Sto{a /stot.r\/ <sto.tr\> neut. a hymn ofpraise.
S{aI /stri/ <strii> fem. a woman.
S{aE8 /str\i.¯\/ <stri.¯\> adj. womanly.
S9pit /st˙\.p\.ti/ <sth\.p\.ti> masc. anarchitect.
S9X /st˙\Æ/ <sth\.Æ\> neut. 1. a place, 2.
a location.
S9aink /st˙a.nik/ <stha.ni.k\> adj. local.
S9apk /st˙a.p\k/ <stha.p\.k\> adj.
founder.
S9apTy /st˙a.p\t.j\/ <stha.p\.tj\> neut.
1. sculpture, 2. architecture.

Sp0aR /sp\r.d˙a/ <sne.h\> fem.
competition.
Sp=R /sp\r.ß\/ <sp\.rß\> masc. touch.
SpQ4 /sp\ß.ˇ\/ <sp\.s°ˇ\> adj. 1. clear, 2.
plain.
Sf4Ik /sp˙\.ˇik/ <sph\.ˇii.k\> masc.
crystal.
Smr8 /sm\.r\¯/ <sm\.r\.¯\> neut.
recollection.
Smrvu& /sm\r.vu~/ <sm\.r\.vu~> v.tr. toremember.
Sm=an /ßm\.ßan/ <sm\.ßa.n\> neut.
funeral place.
Smark /sma.r\k/ <sma.r\.k\> neut. 1. amonument, 2. a memorial.
iSmt /smit/ <smi.t\> neut. smile.

S9ayI /st˙a.ji/ <stha.jii> adj. stable.
Sm<it /smru.ti/ <smr≤.ti> fem. Hindu
scriptures.

229

Sm<it /smru.ti/ <smr≤.ti> fem. memory.
Sv. /sv\/ <sv\.> adj. a short form of
SvgRS9, deceased.
SvgRS9 /sv\r.g\s.t˙\/ <sv\.rg\.sth\> adj.
deceased.
SvC2 /sv\c.c˙\/ <sv\.cch\> adj. clean.
Svjn /sv\.Ô\n/ <sv\.Ô\.n\> masc. a
relative.
Svt&{a /sv\.t\n.tr\/ <sv\.t\~.tr\> adj.
free.
Svt&{ata /sv\.t\n.tr\.ta/ <sv\.t\~.tr\.ta>fem. freedom.
Svde= /sv\.deß/ <sv\.de.ß\> masc. 1.
motherland, 2. native land.

Svraj /sv\.raÔ/ <sv\.ra.Ô\> neut. selfgovernment.
Sv£p /sv\.rup/ <sv\.ruu.p\> neut. 1.
shape, 2. form.
SvgR /sv\r.g\/ <sv\.rg\> neut. heaven.
SvgRvasI /sv\r.g\.va.si/ <sv\.rg\.va.sii>
adj. deceased.
SvgRS9 /sv\r.g\.st˙\/ <sv\.rg\.sth\> adj.
deceased.
SvgIRy /sv\r.gi.j\/ <sv\.rgii.j\> adj.
deceased.
SvamI /sva.mi/ <sva.mii> masc. 1.
husband, 2. lord, 3. master, 4. owner.
Sva9R /svar.t˙\/ <sva.rth\> masc. selfinterest.

Svde=ai-man /sv\.de.ßa.b˙i.man/<sv\.de.ßa.bhi.ma.n\> neut.
patriotism.

SvaS(y /svas.t˙j\/ <sva.sthj\> neut.
health.

Svde=ai-manI /sv\.de.ßa.b˙i.ma.ni/<sv\.de.ßa.bhi.ma.nii> neut. patriotic.

SvIkar /svi.kar/ <svii.ka.r\> masc. 1.
recognition, 2. acceptance.

Svde=I /sv\.de.ßi/ <sv\.de.ßii> adj. of
one’s own country.

SvIkayR /svi.kar.j\/ <svii.ka.rj\> adj.
acceptable.

SvPn /sv\p.n\/ <sve.pn\> neut. adream.

H

Sv-av /sv\.b˙av/ <sv\.bha.v\> masc.
nature.

hk /h\k/ <h\.k\> masc. 1. right, 2.
claim.

Svman /sv\.man/ <sv\.ma.n\> neut.
self-respect.

hkar /h\.kar/ <h\.ka.r\> masc.
affirmation.

Svr /sv\r/ <sv\.r\> masc. voice.

230
hkIkt /h\.ki.k\t/ <h\.kii.k\.t\> fem. afact.
hkIm /h\.kim/ <h\.kii.m\> masc. aphysician.
hcmcvu& /h\c.m\c.vu~/ <h\.c\.m\.c\.vu~>
v.intr. to become unsteady.
hj /h\Ô/ <h\Ô> fem. pilgrimage to
Mecca.
hjam /h\.Ôam/ <h\.Ôa.m\> masc. abarber.

h8vu& /h\¯.vu~/ <h\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. to kill.
hta= /h\.taß/ <h\.t.aß\> adj.
disappointed.
hTya /h\t.ja/ <h\.tja> fem. 1. anassassination, 2. a massacre.
hTyaro /h\t.ja.ro/ <h\.tja.ro> masc. anassassin.
hi9yar /h\.t˙i.jar/ <h\.ˇhi.ja.r\> neut. a
weapon.
h9eXI /h\.t˙e.Æi/ <h\.ˇhe.Æii> fem. palm.

hjar /h\.Ôar/ <h\.Ôa.r\> adj. thousand.
h9o4I /h\.t˙o.ˇi/ <h\.ˇho.ˇii> fem. skill.
h@ /h\.Ôi/ <h\.Ôii> advb. 1. yet, .2 evennow.

h9o6I /h\.t˙o.Îi/ <h> fem. a hammer.

hju /h\.Ôu/ <h\.Ôu> advb. 1. yet, 2. evennow.

hd /h\d/ <h\.d\> fem. boundary.

h5 /h\ˇ˙/ <h\.ˇh\> fem. stubbornness.

hm8a& /h\m.¯a~/ <h\.m\.¯a~> advb. 1.
now, 2. presently.

h5vu& /h\ˇ˙.vu~/ <h\.ˇh\.vu~> v.intr. tomove away.
h6kva /h\.Î\k.va/ <h\.Î\.k\.va> masc.
rabies.
h6tal /h\Î.tal/ <h\.Î\.ta.l\> fem. astrike.
hD0Ut /h\Î.d˙ut/ <h\.Î\.dhuu.t\> adj.
insulted or condemned everywhere.
h6pcI /h\Î.p\.ci/ <h\.Î\.p\.cii> fem.
the chin.
h6selvu& /h\Î.sel.vu~/ <h\.Î\.se.l\.vu~>
v.tr. to push away.

hmddIR /h\m.d\r.di/ <h\.m\.d\.rdi>
fem. sympathy.
hmal /h\.mal/ <h\.ma.l\> masc. a
porter.
hme= /h\.meß/ <h\.me.ß\> advb.
always.
hyat /h\.jat/ <h\.ja.t\> adj. living.
hrkt /h\r.k\t/ <h\.r\.k\.t\> fem.
obstruction.
hr` /h\.r\k˙/ <h\.r\.kh\> masc. joy.
hrigj /h\r.giÔ/ <h\.r\.gi.Ô\> advb. 1.
(not) at all, 2. (not) ever.

231
hr36I /h\r.g˙\.Îi/ <h\.r\.gh\.Îii> advb.
every moment.

hlncln /h\.l\n.c\.l\n/<h\.l\.n\.c\.l\.n\> fem. movement.

hr8 /h\.r\¯/ <h\.r\.¯\> neut. a deer.

hlvo /h\l.vo/ <h\.l\.vo> masc. a sweet.

hrtu&frtu& /h\r.tu~.p˙\r.tu~/<h\.r\.tu~.ph\.r\.tu~> adj. healthy.

hlavvu& /h\.lav.vu~/ <h\.la.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.
to stir 2. to shake.

hrs /h\.r\s/ <h\.r\.s\> masc. piles.

hlesu& /h\.le.su~/ <h\.le.su~> neut. an oar.

hra@ /h\.ra.Ôi/ <h\.ra.Ôii> fem. auction.

hvn /h\.v\n/ <h\.v\.n\> neut. aceremonial sacrifice.

hram`or /h\.ram.k˙or/<h\.ra.m\.kho.r\> adj. wicked.

hva /h\.va/ <h\.va> fem. air.

hrayu& /h\.ra.ju~/ <h\.ra.ju~> adj. 1.
ownerless (cattles etc.), 2. strayed.

hvaman /h\.va.man/ <h\.va.ma.n\>neut. 1. climate, 2. weather.

hir /h\.ri/ <h\.rii> masc. Lord Vishnu.

hvaldar /h\.val.dar/ <h\.va.l\.da.r\>masc. a police constable.

hiryaXI /h\.ri.ja.Æi/ <h\.ri.ja.Æii> fem.
greenery.

hvalo /h\.va.lo/ <h\.va.lo> masc. 1.
possession, 2. reference.

hirhr /h\.ri.h\r/ <h\.ri.h\.r\> masc.
Lord Vishnu and Lord Shiva.

hve /h\.ve/ <h\.ve> advb. now.

hrIf /h\.ri˙p/ <h\.rii.ph\> masc.
competitor.

hve9I /h\.ve.t˙i/ <h\.ve.thii> advb. 1.
henceforth, 2. now onward, 3. hereafter.

hrIfa: /h\.ri.p˙a.i/ <h\.ri.pha.ii> fem.
competition.

hvelI /h\.ve.li/ <h\.ve.lii> fem. 1. a big,majestic building, 2. a Vaishnava
temple.

hrek /h\.rek/ <h\.re.k\> advb. 1. each,
2. every one.
hroX /h\.roÆ/ <h\.ro.Æ\> fem. a row.
hlka: /h\l.kai/ <h\l.ka.ii> fem.
meanness.
hlku& /h\l.ku~/ <h\.l\.ku~> adj. light.

h=e /h\.ße/ <h\.ße> advb. 1. never mind,
2. let it be, 3. it does not matter (to me).
hsvu& /h\s.vu~/ <h\.s\.vu~> v.intr. tolaugh.
hsam8u& /h\.sa.m\.¯u~/ <h\.sa.m\.¯u~>adj. that which provokes laughter.

232
hStkXa /h\s.t\.k\.Æa/ <h\.st\.k\.Æa> fem.
handicraft.

h&s /h\ms/ <h\~.s\> masc. swan.
ha /ha/ <ha> advb. yes.

hStxep /h\s.t\.kßep/ <h\.st\.kße.p\>masc. undue interference.
St0Unn /h\s.t\.d˙u.n\n/<h\.st\.dhuu.n\.n\> neut. a handshake.
hStp/t /h\s.t\.pr\t/ <h\.st\.pr\.t\> fem.
manuscript.
hStmeXap /h\s.t\.me.Æap/ <h\.st\.pr\.t\>masc. the act of joining hands of brideand bridegroom in a marriage ceremony.
hStaxr /h\s.ta.kß\r/ <h\.sta.kß\.r\>masc. 1. hand writing, 2. signature..

hak /hak/ <ha.k\> fem. a shout.
hajr /ha.Ô\r/ <ha.Ô\.r\> adj. present.
hajrjvabI /ha.Ô\r.Ô\.va.bi/<ha.Ô\.r\.Ô\.va.bii> adj. quick-witted.
hajrI /haÔ.ri/ <ha.Ô\.rii> fem. presence.
ha6ku& /haÎ.ku~/ <ha.Î\.ku~> neut. a bone.
ha6vEd /haÎ.v\id/ <ha.Î\.v\i.d\> masc.
a bone-setter.

hX /h\Æ/ <h\.Æ\> neut. a plough.

ha6marI /haÎ.ma.ri/ <ha.[a.ma.rii> fem.
difficulties.

hXdr /h\Æ.d\r/ <h\.Æ\.d\.r\> fem.
turmeric.

ha6oha6 /ha.Îo.haÎ/ <ha.Îo.ha.Î\>
advb. 1. up to the bone, 2. affecting very
deeply.

hXvu& /h\Æ.vu~/ <h\.Æ\.vu~> adj. light.

ha9 /hat˙/ <ha.th\> masc. hand.

hXve /h\Æ.ve/ <h\.Æ\.ve> advb. slowly.

ha9k6I /hat˙.k\.Îi/ <ha.th\.k\.Îii> fem.
handcuffs.

hXve9I /h\Æ.ve.t˙i/ <h\.Æ\.ve.thi> advb.
1. slowly, 2. gently.
h&karvu& /h\˜.kar.vu~/ <h\~.ka.r\.vu~> v.tr.
1. to drive, 2. to sail.
h&gamI /h\˜.ga.mi/ <h\~.ga.mii> adj.
temporary.

ha9calakI /hat˙.ca.la.ki/<ha.th\.ca.la.kii> fem. jugglery.
ha98I /hat˙.¯i/ <ha.th\.¯ii> fem. female
elephant.
ha9I /ha.t˙i/ <ha.thii> masc. elephant.

h&me= /h\m.meß/ <h\~.me.ß\> advb.
always.

ha9o /ha.t˙o/ <ha.tho> masc. handle.

h&me=a& /h\m.meß/ <h\~.me.ßa~> advb.
always.

ha9oha9 /ha.t˙o.hat˙/ <ha.tho.ha.th\>
advb. a handle.

233
ha na /ha na/ <ha na> fem. hesitation.

ha&ja /ha~.Ôa/ <ha~.Ôa> masc. pl. the jointsof the body.

hain /ha.ni/ <ha.ni> fem. damage.
ha&f /ha~p˙/ <ha~.ph\> fem. panting.
hainktaR /ha.ni.k\r.ta/ <ha.ni.k\.rta> adj.
damaging.
har /har/ <ha.r\> masc. 1. garland, 2.
necklace.

ha&fvu& /ha~p˙.vu~/ <ha~.ph\.vu~> v.intr. topant for breath.
ha&isyo /ha~s.(i)jo/ <ha~.si.jo> masc. amargin.

har /har/ <ha.r\> fem. defeat.
harvu& /har.vu~/ <ha.r\.vu~> v.intr. to be
defeated.
hal /hal/ <ha.l\> masc. 1. condition, 2.
circumstances.
halk6olk /hal\k.Îo.l\k/<ha.l\.k\.Îo.l\.k\> advb. unsteady.
halcal /hal.cal/ <ha.l\.ca.l\> masc.
condition.
halt /ha.l\t/ <ha.l\.t\> fem. 1.
condition, 2. circumstances.
halvu& /hal.vu~/ <ha.l\.vu~> v.intr. tomove.
ha= /haß/ <ha.ß\> interjection. shows asense of ease or gratification.

ha&sI /ha~.si/ <ha~.sii> fem. 1. a jest, 2. ajoking.
ihckaru& /hic.ka.ru~/ <hi.c\.ka.ru~> neut.
cowardly.
ihjravu& /hiÔ.ra.vu~/ <hi.Ô\.ra.vu~> v.intr. tolanguish in someone’s memory.
iht /hit/ <hi.t\> neut. welfare.
ihteC2u /hi.tec.c˙u/ <hi.te.cchu> adj. andmasc. a wel-wisher.
ihna /hi.na/ <hi.na> fem. myrtle.
ihm /him/ <hi.m\> masc. frost.
ihlcal /hil.cal/ <hi.l\.ca.l\> fem. 1.
movement, 2. activities.

haSy /has.j\/ <ha.sj\> neut. smile.

ihsab /hi.sab/ <hi.sa.b\> masc. 1.
account, .2 calculation.

haSyaSpd /has.ja.p\d/ <ha.sja.sp\.d\>adj. rediculous.

ihsabnI= /hi.sab.niß/ <hi.ha.b\.nii.ß\>masc. accountant.

hahakr /ha.ha.kar/ <ha.ha.ka.r\> masc.
widespread feeling of sorrow or terror.

ihSso /his.so/ <hi.sso> masc. a share.

ha&kvu& /ha~k.vu~/ <ha~.k\.vu~> v.tr. to drive.

ih&g /hi˜.g\/ <hi~.g\> fem. asafetida.

234
ih&mt /him.m\t/ <hi~.m\.t\> fem.
courage.

hU&f /hu~p˙/ <huu~.ph\> fem. warmth.
®dy /r\.d\j/ <hr\.d\.j\> neut. heart.

ih&sk /him.s\k/ <hi~.s\.k\> adj. violent.
ih&sa /him.sa/ <hi~.sa> fem. violence.
hIj6o /hiÔ.Îo/ <hii.Ô\.Îo> masc.
eunuch.
hIbkvu& /hi.b\k.vu~/ <hii.b\.k\.vu~> v.intr.
to sob.
hIbku& /hib.ku~/ <hii.b\.ku~> neut. a sob.
hIro /hi.ro/ <hii.ro> masc. diamond.
hI&cvu& /hi~c.vu~/ <hii~.c\.vu~> v.intr. toswing (oneself).
hukm /hu.k\m/ <huu.k\.m\> masc. anorder.
hukko /huk.ko/ <hu.kko> masc. a
smoking pipe.
humlo /hum.lo/ <hu.m\.lo> masc. an
attack.
huLl6 /hul.l\Î/ <hu.ll\.Î\> neut. a riot.

®dy±avk /r\.d\j.dra.v\k/<hr\.d\.j\.dra.v\.k\> adj. stronly
affecting to the heart.
®dypirvtRn /r\.d\j.p\.ri.v\r.t\n/<hr\.d\.j\.p\.ri.v\.rt\.n\> neut. achange of heart.
®dy=UNy /r\.d\j.ßun.j\/ <hr\.d\.j\.ßu.nj\>
adj. feelingless.
het /het/ <he.t\> neut. 1. affection, 2.
love.
hetu /he.tu/ <he.tu> masc. 1. motive, 2.
intention.
herangit /he.ran,g\.ti/ <he.ra.n\.g\.ti>fem. 1. trouble, 2. difficulty.
helI /he.li/ <he.lii> fem. heavy rain.
hevainyt /he.va.ni.j\t/ <he.va.ni.j\.t\>fem. 1. brutality, 2. cruelty.
heval /he.val/ <h> masc. an account.

hu& /hu~/ <hu~> pron. I, first person
singular.
hUko /hu.ko/ <huu.ko> masc. a smoking
pipe.
hU&i6yam8 /hu~.Îi.ja.m\¯/<huu~.Îi.ja.m\.¯\> neut. rate ofexchange.

heisyt /hes.j\t/ <he.si.j\.t\> fem.
capacity.
hoj /hiÔ/ <ho.Ô\> masc. a water
reservoir.
hojrI /hoÔ.ri/ <ho.Ô\.rii> fem. stomach.
ho5 /hoˇ˙/ <ho.ˇh\> masc. a lip.

hU&6I /hu~¯.Îi/ <huu~.Îii> fem. a bill of
exchange.

ho6I /ho.Îi/ <ho.Îii> fem. a boat.

235
ho¥o /hod.do/ <ho.ddo> masc. 1. arank. 2. a position.

xmapa{a /kß\.ma.pat.r\/ <kß\/ma.pa.tr\>
adj. forgivable.

honhar /hon.har/ <ho.n\.ha.r\> adj.
promising.

xy /kß\.j\/ <kß\.j\> masc. .tuberculosis.

honart /ho.na.r\t/ <ho.na.r\.t\> fem. a
big accident.
hom /hom/ <ho.m\> masc. a ceremonialsacrifice.

xar /kßar/ <kßa.r\> adj. 1. saltiest, 2.
saline.
ixitj /kßi.tiÔ/ <kßi.ti.Ô\> fem. thehorizon.
xe{a /kßet.r\/ <kße.tr\> neut. a place.

holo /ho.lo/ <ho.lo> masc. a dove\linebird.
hovu& /ho.vu~/ <ho.vu~> v.intr. 1. to be, 2.
to take place.
hoi=yar /ho.ßi.jar/ <ho.ßi.ja.r\> adj. 1.
clever, 2. brillient.

xe{afX /kßet.r\.p˙\Æ/ <kße.tr\.ph\.Æ\>
neut. area
xo- /kßob˙/ <kßo.bh\> masc. hesitation
arising from bashfulness.

}ahoi=yarI /ho.ßi.ja.ri/ <ho.ßi.ja.rii> fem. 1.
cleverness, 2. intelligence.

}aait /gnja.ti/ <gna.ti> fem. a caste.

hoha /ho.ha/ <ho.ha> fem. uproar.

}aan /gnan/ <gna.n\> neut. knowledge.

hoXI /ho.Æi/ <ho.Æii> fem. the Holi
festival.

}aanI /gna.ni/ <gna.nii> adj. intelligent.

x
x8 /kß\¯/ <kß\.¯\> fem. .a moment.
xit /kß\.ti/ <kß\.ti> fem. 1. loss, 2.
injury.
xi{ay /kß\t.ri.j\/ <kß\.tri.j\> masc. acommunity so named.
xma /kß\.ma/ <kß\.ma> fem.
.forgiveness.

236

A Brief Outline of Gujarati Parts-of-SpeechBabu Suthar
bsuthar@sas.upenn.edu(Work in progress)
Department of South Asia Studies
University Of Pennsylvania
820 Williams Hall
36th and Spruce
Philadelphia PA 19104

237
Content
1. Introduction
2. Open class
2.1. Nouns
2.2. Adjective
2.3. Verbs
2.4. Adverbs
3. Closed class
3.1. Pronouns and other Pro-Forms
3.2. Noun adjuncts
3.2.1. Role markers
3.2.1.1 Case markers
3.2.1.2 Postpositions
3.2.2. Quantifiers
3.3. Verb adjuncts
3.3.1. Auxiliaries
3.3.1.1.
Simple auxiliaries
3.3.1.2.
Modal auxiliaries
3.4. Connectives
3.4.1. Coordinating connectives
3.4.2. Subordinating connectives
3.4.3. Correlative connectives
3.4.4. Adversative connectives
3.4.5. Explicative connectives
3.4.6. Causal connectives
3.5. Other closed classes
3.5.1. Emphasis markers
3.5.2. Interjections
3.5.3. Negators
3.5.4. Politeness markers
3.5.5. Tag-marks
4. Conclusion

238
1. Introduction
Gujarati words can be divided into: (1) Open class and (2) Closed class. Open classconsists of nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs, while closed class consists of pronouns
and other pro-forms, noun adjuncts, verb adjuncts, conjunctions and others.
2. Open Class
2.1 Nouns
Nouns have the following properties:• gender,• number• case.
Genders are three: masculine, feminine and neuter. All three genders are marked
and unmarked. Masculine is marked with -Ao, feminine with -:, and neuter is marked with
Ýw&. Examples:
Nouns with unmarked gender
Masculine
-a:
sap
ha9
pvRt
ivcar

b˙ai
sap
hat˙
p\rv\tvicar'brother''serpent''hand''mountain''thought'

Feminine
bhen
-e&s
Aa&`
vel
pX

b\hen
b˙´~s
ø~k˙
vel
p\Æ

'sister''buffalo''eye''creeper''moment'

ß\rir
nak
p˙ul
man
m\n

'body''nose''flower''respect''organ of desire'

Neuter
=rIr
nak
fUl
man
mn

Nouns with marked gender
Masculine

239

2okro
kUtro
36o
Aa&bo
p9ro

c˙okr.okutr.og˙\Îoø~bop\t˙r.o'boy''dog (male)''pot''mango tree''stone'Feminine
2okrI
kUtrI
ndI
za6I
Aa&gXIc˙okr.ikutr.in\d.i
j˙aÎ.iø~gÆ.i'girl''dog (female)''river''bush''finger'c˙okr.u~
kutr.u~taÆ.u~
mø~Î˙.u~ka¯.u~'child''dog''lock''mouth''whole'Neuter2okru&
kUtru&
taXu&
mo7u&
ka8u&

Gujarati has many nouns that end in ÝAo and Ý:, but they are not masculine or
feminine respectively. Most traditional grammars treat them as exception. In fact, they
are not. The ÝAo and Ý: of these nouns are not gender markers, they are the indivisible partof their stem, and therefore it is wrong to treate them as gender markers and then list
them as exceptions. Consider 3o and pa8I, for example. Traditional grammars analyzed
them as follow:
Ë. 3o
g˙.o
stem-Gender marker.
'a kind of reptile'
Ì. pa8Ipa¯.i
stem-Gender marker'water'As Ë and Ì show, they treat ÝAo and Ý: as gender markers, which is not a correct
analysis. The correct analysis is given bellow in Í and Î:

240
Í. 3o
g˙o.∅
stem-Gender marker'a kind of reptile'
Î. pa8Ipa¯i-∅
stem-Gender marker'water'This analysis shows that 3o and pa8I are nouns with unmarked gender and their -Ao
and -: are not the gender markers.
Numbers are two: singular and plural. Singular is unmarked, while plural ismarked with ÝAo. Examples:Singular

Plural

2okro
2okrI
idvs
ma8s

2okraAo c˙okra.o2okrIAo c˙okr.i.o
idvso div\s.oma8so ma¯\s.oc˙okr.oc˙okr.i
div\s
ma¯\s

'boys''girls''days''men'

Case markers are ∅ (nominative), -e (agentive/ergative), -∅ or -ne (accusative/
absolutive), -ne (dative/experiencer), -thi or -e (instrumental), -nu~ (genitive), and-ma~ (locative). Consider the following paradigm:
Nominative
Agentive/Ergative
Accusative/Absolutive
Dative/Experiencer
Locative2okro c˙okrro.∅
2okraAe c˙okra.e
2okro c˙okrro.∅
2okrane c˙okrra.ne
2okrane c˙okra.ne
2okrama& c˙okra.ma~

Genitive case inflects for gender and number as the following paradigm shows:
Singular

Plural

Masculine

2okranoc˙okra.no2okranac˙okra.no

Feminine

2okranIc˙okra.ni

2okranIc˙okra.ni

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Neuter2okranu&c˙okra.nu~

2okrana&c˙okra.na~

2.2 Adjectives
Gujarati adjectives fall into two categories: (1) variable and (2) invariable. Variable
adjectives vary in terms of the gender and number of the nouns they modify, whereas theinvariable adjectives do not vary. Consider the examples of saru& and su&dr, variable andinvariable adjectives respectively.
É. sarosar-ogood-MSASC.SG'a good boy'

2okro
c˙okr-oboy-MASC.SG.

Ê. sarI
sar-i
good-FEM.SG'a good girl'

2okrI
c˙okr-iboy-FEM.SG.

Ë. saru&
sar-u~
good-NEUT.SG'a good child'

2okru&c˙okr-u~boy-NEUT.SG.

Ì. sarasar-agood-MSASC.PL'good boys'

2okraAoc˙okr-a-oboy-MASC.PL.

Í. sarI
sar-i
good-FEM.
'a good girl'

2okrIAoc˙okr-i-oboy-FEM.PL.

Î. sara&sar-a~
good-NEUT.PL.
'a good child'

2okra&Aoc˙okr-a~-oboy-NEUT.PL.

In É - Î the adjective saru& varies in terms of the gender of the noun it modifies. For
example, in É, the noun is masculine and singular therefore the adjective saru& agrees with
the noun in masculine and singular. In Ê the noun is feminine and singular and therefore
the adjective is also feminine and singular and so on. In Í, however, the noun is feminine
and plural the adjective does not show a plural marker. We can say that adjectives in
Gujarati remain unaffected in number when the noun they modify is feminine and plural.
Now consider the example of su&dr an invariable adjective:

242

Ï. su&dr
2okrosundarchhokr-obeautifulboy-MASC.SG.
'a beautiful boy'Ð. su&dr
2okrI
sunderchhokr-i
beautiful
boy-FEM.SG.
'a beautiful girl'Ñ. su&dr
2okru&
beautifulchhokr-uN
beautiful
boy-NEUT.SG.
'a beautiful child'ÉÈ. su&dr
2okraAosundarchhokr-a-o
good
boy-MASC.PL.
'beautiful boys'
ÉÉ. su&dr
2okrIAosunderchhokr-i-obeautiful
boy-FEM.PL.
'a beautiful girl'ÉÊ. su&dr
2okra&Aosundarchhokr-aN-obeautiful
boy-NEUT.PL.
'beautiful child'In Ï - ÉÊ, su&dr is an invariable adjective and therefore it does not agree with the noun it
modifies.
2.3 Verbs
Gujarati verbs (non-inflected) have the following structure: verb stem + infinitive.
Example:É. hsvu&
h\s-vu~verb stem + infinitive'to laugh'
Ê. r6vu&r\Î-vu~verb stem + infinitive243'to cry'
A verb root may be intransitive, transitive or double transitive. It may be also simple orcausative. É and Ê are the examples of intransitive root. Ë - Ì and Í- Î are the examples oftransitive and double transitive roots respectively.
Ë. kapvu&
kap-vu~verb stem + infinitive'to cut'
Ì. pIvu&
pi-vu~
verb stem + infinitive'to drink'Í. Aapvu&
ap-vu~
verb stem + infinitive'to give'Î. moklvu&
mok\l-vu~verb stem + infinitive'to send'
É to Î are also the examples of simple verbs, while ÏÝ Ð bellow are the examples of
causative verbs. These are the verbs that are derived from simple verbs.
Ï. hsavvu&
h\s.av.-vu~
verb stem +CAUS1+ INFINITIVE'to make someone laugh'Ð. hsav6avvu&
has.av.Îav-vu~
verb stem + CAUS1 + CAUS2 + INFINITIVE'to make someone laugh through some another person'
Gujarati inflected verbs have the following pattern: verb stem + inflectional material.
Inflectional material may consists of various features such as tense, person,
gender and number. Following table summaries some of the major inflections for the verb
hsvu&Š
Present (verb stem + tense, person, number)
Singular

Plural244First Person

hsu&
h\s.u~

hsIAe
h\si.ie

Second Person

hse
h\s.e

hso
h\s.o

Third Person

hse
h\s.e

hse
h\s.e

Future (verb stem + tense, person, number)
Singular

PluralFirst Person

hsI=
h\s.iß

hsI=u&
h\s.ißu~Second Person

hs=eh\s.ßehs=oh\s.ßoThird Person

hs=eh\s.ßehs=eh\s.ßePast Progressive (verb stem + progressive marker + gender, number)
Singular

Plural

Masculinehsto
h\s.t.ohsta
h\s.t.aFeminine

hstI
h\s.t.ihstI
h\s.t.i

Neuterhstu&
h\s.t.u~hsta&
h\s.t.a~

Past Perfective (verb stem + perfective + gender, number)
Singular
Plural
MasculinehSyo
h\s.y.ohSyah\s.y.aFemininehsI
h\s.y.i

HsIh\s.y.i

245
NeuterhSyu&
h\s.y.u~hSya&h\s.y.a~

Past Plu-perfective (verb stem + pluperfect marker + gender and number)
Singular

Plural

Masculine

hselo
h\s.el.ohsela
h\s.el.a

Feminine

hselI
h\s.el.ihselI
h\s.el.i

Neuterhselu&
h\s.el.u~hsela&
h\s.el.a~Verbs also inflect for imperative (present and future), desiderative, obligatory,
conditional, and infinitive constructions. Examples:
Imperative
Present
Second Person
Singular

Plural/Hon.

rm
`av

rmo
`aAo

r\m
k˙av

r\m.o
k˙ao

'play''eat'

Third Person
rmje (future)
Desiderative rmvu&
Obligatoryrmvanu&Conditional rmt
Infinitivermvu&
Excluding desiderative, all verb forms inflect for gender and number. However,conditional verb forms inflect optionally.
2.4 Adverbs
Like adjective, adverbs are also variable and non-variable in Gujarati. Variable adverbs
agree with the noun with which the verb agrees. There are various types of adverbs.
Some of them are adverb of time, adverb of place, adverb of manner, adverb of order,

246
adverb of quantity, adverb of doubt, adverb of frequency, adverb of negative andconnecting adverbs.
Time
Aaje
kale
prmidvse
svare
bpore
sa&je...
etc.

aje'today'kale'tomorrow'p\r\m divse 'day after or
day before tomorrow.'s\vare'in morning'b\pore'at noon, in theafternoon'sa~je'in evening'

Place
AhI&
Tya&
n@k9I
pase
dUr9I
etc.

\hi~
tya~
n\jik.t˙ipase
dur.t˙i'here''there''from near''near''from a distance'

´~m
j´~m
t´~m
j´~m t´~mp˙\ˇap˙\ˇ
d˙\ÎaÎ˙\Î
\can\kekaek'in that way'‘as’
‘in that manner’’by hook or crook'‘one after the other’‘one after the other’‘accidently’‘suddenly’

p\helu~p\c˙it˙iak˙\re\gaut˙ibadma~‘first, before’‘later, after’‘finally, at last’‘in advance’‘afterward’

MannerAem
jemtem
jem tem
f4af4
06a06
Acank
AekaAekOrderphelu&
p2I9I
Aa`re
Agaw9I
badma&

247
A&te

\nte

‘finally, at the end’g˙\¯u~t˙oÎu~
pur.tu~b\rob\r
ˇ\koŠ\k‘plenty, much, many’‘small, less’‘sufficient’‘equal’‘full’

k\dac
k\dacitmoˇe b˙age
g˙\¯u~k˙\ru~kjarek‘perhaps’‘hardly’‘mostly’‘mainly’‘sometime’roj
kjarek\varn\varvar\mvar‘everyday’‘sometime’‘frequently’‘repeatdly’

ma
na
n\hi~

‘not’ (colloquial)
‘not’
‘not’

p\¯
p\ri¯amev\d˙uma~jo ket\dupra~t‘but’‘as a result, consequently’‘in addition’‘however’‘morover’

Quantity
08u&
9o6u&
pUrtu&
brobr
4ko4k
Doubt
kdac
kdaictmo4e -age
38u&`ru&kyarekFrequency
rojkyarekAvarnvar
var&var
NegativemananhI&
Connecting
p8
pir8amev0uma&
joke
td\wpra&t

3. Closed class
3.1 Pronouns and other Pro-forms
Personal Pronouns

248
Gujarati personal pronouns differentiate three persons (first, second and third) and two
numbers (singular, plural). They have also inclusive and exclusive contrast in third person
plural. In addition, their second person plural form is also used as honorific.
Following table summarize regular and agentive pronouns:
Singular
PluralFist Person

hu&

Ame
Aap8e
tme
teAo

Second Person tu&
Third Personte(Exclusive)(Inclusive)

Personal pronouns take various cases, which include nominative, ergative,
accusative/ dative, genitive and locative and instrumental. From these genitive forms
distinguish among three genders and two numbers. Following table summaries theirforms:
1st.sg 1st.pl 2nd.sg 2nd.pl 3rd.sg 3rd.pl---------------------------------------------------------------------------Nominative

hu&

Ame
Aap8e

tu&

tme

te

teAo

Ergative

me&

Ame
Aap8e

te&

tme

te8e

teAoAetem8eAccusativemne

Amne tne
Aap8netmne

tene

teAonetemne

Locativemarama&Amarama& tarama&
Aap8ama&Amara9I tara9I
Aap8a9I

tmarama& tenama&

Amaro taro
Aap8o

tmaro

teno

teAonotemnoFem. marI

AmarI tarI
Aap8I

tmarI

tenI

teAonI
temnI

Neut. maru&

Amaru&
Aap8u&

tmaru&

tenu&

teAonu&temnu&

Instrumental mara9I
Genitive
Masc. maro

Non-personal Pronouns

taru&

tmara9I tena9I

teAonama&
temnama&teAo9I
temna9I

249
Gujarati non-personal pronouns include demonstrative pronouns, interrogative pronouns,
relative pronouns, indefinite pronouns and reflexive pronouns.
Demonstrative Pronouns
Aa, pelu& and te / Ae are the demonstrative pronouns. From these pel&u is variable. Aa is thenear demonstrative pronoun, pelu& is the far demonstrative pronoun, while te / Ae are deictic
pronouns.
Interrogative Pronouns
Interrogative pronouns are =u& and ko8. From these =u& is variable. We use =u& to ask
question about non-human things, while ko8 to ask question about humans.
Relative Pronouns
Relative pronouns are je......te. These pronouns are used to connect two sentences.
Indefinite Pronouns
ko:, ka&:/ k&: and k=u& are the Indefinite pronouns. ko: used for human, while k&:k/ ka&:kand k=u&k are used for non-human. From these pronouns, k=u& is variable.
Reflexive Pronouns
pote is the Reflexive pronoun.
In addition to these, Gujarati has also distributive pronouns (je je, te te, ko8 ko8, =u& =u&etc.), reciprocal pronouns (prSprSpr, ANyoNy, Arsprs), indefinite pronouns (Amuktmuk, fla8u7& I&k8u,&
k&:k etc.).
Non-personal pronouns also inflect for ergative, accusative/dative, locative,
genitive and instrumental cases.
3.2 Noun adjuncts
3.2.1 Role markers
Case markers and postpositions are the role markers in Gujarati.
3.2.1.1 Case markers
Gujarati nouns distinguish seven types of cases: subjective, ergative, objective/dative,
agential, ablative, genitive, locative and vocative. From these, genitive inflects for genderand number of the noun it takes. Following table summarizes the case markers:
Nominative 2okro
2okro AaVyo.
-∅-AeErgative2okraAe
2okraAe kerI kapI.
Objective
2okranerme=e 2okrane mayoR.
-ne-ne
Dative2okranerme=e 2okrane kerI AapI.
Experiencer 2okrane
2okrane p(9r vaGyo.
-ne
Ablative
bgIca9I
maru& 3r bgIca9I 9o6ek j dUr 2e.
-9I
Instrumental rme=9I
rme=9I bhu& kam 9tu& n9I.
-9I
Genitive2okrano2okrano kagX-no, -nI, -nu&, etc.
2okraAono kagX
etc.
Locative
3rerme= ATyare 3re j h=e.
-Ae-ma&bgIcama&rme= ATyare bgIcama& h=e.
Vocativehe 2okra
he 2okra, AhI& Aav.
-∅
3.2.1.2 Postpositions
Gujarati postpositions fall in two classes: invariant and variant. The variant postpositions
agree with noun in gender and number. Examples:250
Invariant postpositions:trf, bad, lgI, pEkI, v6e, vgr...
Variant postpositions:jevo, sr`o...
3.2.2 Quantifiers
Quantifiers are the words that refers to quantity. Following are some of the Gujarati
quantifiers:
1. È %, Í%, Î%.....
2. É/Ì, É/Ê, Ë/Ì...
3. É,Ê, Ë, Ì, Í...
4. Aek, be, {a8, car, pa&c....
5. Aekad, beAek, {a8ek, carek, pa&cek
6. pa, A60u&, po8u&, do7u&, bm8u&...
7. b0u&, 9o6u&, 9o6&uk, ke4lu&k, pUrtu&, ApUrtu&, v0are...
...
3.3 Verb adjuncts
3.3.1 Auxiliaries
3.3.1.1 Simple auxiliaries
Gujarati has two auxiliaries: 2- and ho-. Of these, 2- is used in present tense, while ho- isused in past tense and future tense. 2Ý and hoÝ both differentiate three person and two
number in present tense and future tense, while hoÝ differentiates three gender and two
numbers only in past tense. Consider the following tables:2Ý Present tense
Singular

PluralFirst Person

2u&

2IAe

Second Person

2e2oThird Person

2e2eSingular

PluralFirst Personho:=

ho:=u&

Second Person

h=e

h=o

Third Person

h=e

h=e

Singular

PluralhtohtahoÝ Future tensehoÝ Past tense

Masculine

251
Feminine

htI

htI

Neuterhtu&

hta&

3.3.1.2 Modal auxiliaries
Modal auxiliaries are the verbs that are used as auxiliaries. Such verbs are small in
number and they occur with many restrictions. One such restriction is on the combinationof the verbs. We can not combine all the modal auxiliary verbs with all the non-modal
auxiliary verbs. In such verbal sequences, the first verb takes some linking element while
the second verb takes inflectional material. Examples:Verb`a:na`vu&
kapI
sm@
s&-XavI
wtrI
-rI
hsI
bolI
ka7I

Modal Example
verb
levu&
me& kerI `a: lI0I.
na`vu& me& je khevu& htu& te khI na~yu&
ka7vu&
me& kerI kapI ka7I.
jvu&
hu& AemnI vat sm@ gyo.
devu&
me& Aemne be vat s&-XavI dI0I.
jvu&
hu& f4af4 pg9Iya& wtrI gyo.
ra`vu& saru& 9yu& ke me& pa8I -rI ra~yu&. nhI& to Aap8e =u& krt?
p6vu&
te jor jor9I hsI p6yo.
w5vu&
te AekaAek bolI w5yo.
mUkvu&
me& rme=ne Aoifsma&9I ka8I mUkyo.

3.4 Connectives
3.4.1 Coordinating connectives
Gujarati distinguishes between conjunctive (Ane) and disjunctive (ke, A9va). In disjunctive it
distinguishes between inclusive (ke) and exclusive (A9va). Examples:
Conjunctive sentences:
É. rme= Ane mhe= kale 3er j=e.
Ê. mne lal Ane lIlo r&g gme 2e.
Ë. rme= Aav=e Ane mIna j=e.
Disjunctive sentences:Ì. marI sa9e ko8 Aav=e? mIna ke lIla? (mIna Aav=e / lIla Aav=e / mIna Ane lIla bNne Aav=e.)
Í. marI sa9e mIna A9va lIla Aav=e. (mIna Aav=e / lIla Aav=e / *mIna Ane lIla bNne Aav=e.)
3.4.2 Subordinating connective
Subordinating conjunction is ke. Examples:
É. te8e k¬u& ke hu& AavI=.
Ê. rme=ne khejo ke Ae kale mare 3er Aave.
Ë. mne htu& j ke Aek be idvsma& mne tav Aav=e.
3.4.3 Correlative connectives
je ...te is a correlative connective, which decline for all the cases. Consider the following
table:
Nominative
Ergativeje...teje8e...te8e

252
DativeGenitive
Locative
Instrumental

jene...tene
jenu&...tenu&
jema&...tema&, jenama&...tenama&
jena9I....tena9I

Correlative also inflects for comparative to express size, quantity, etc.: Examples.
jev6u&...tev6u&.
je4lu&..te4lu&
jem...temjya&...Tya&(size)(quantity)(manner)(place)3.4.4 Adversative connectives
p8 and prNtu are adversative conjunctions. prNtu is more formal than p8. Examples:
É. hu& ca nhI&, p8 kofI pI=.
Ê. tme gme Tya& jav. p8 Aa 2okrane AhI& mUkta jav.
Ë. rme=ne khejo ke -le kam kre. p8 tibyt p8 jaXve.
3.4.5 Explicative connectives
ke and Ae4le are the explicative conjunctions. Examples:
É. hu& Ae4lo b0o 9akI gyelo ke na pu2o vat.
Ê. lIla Ae4le lIla. AenI vat 9ay?
3.4.6 Causal connective
kemke/ kar8ke is a causal connective. Examples:
É. hu& kale Skule n hto gyo kemke/ kar8 ke marI tibyt sarI n htI.
Ê. mare `Ub va&cvu& p6=e kem ke / kar8 ke mare kale pirxa 2e.
3.5 Other Closed classes
3.5.1 Emphasis marker
Gujarati distinguishes between two types of emphasis markers: (1) inclusive and (2)exclusive. Inclusive marker is y / p8 and exclusive marker is j : Examples:
Inclusive
É. lIla y/p8 kale sa&je rsro4lI `a=e.
Ê. lIla kale sa&je y/p8 rsro4lI `a=e.
Ë. lIla kale sa&je rsro4lI y/p8 `a=e.
Exclusive
É. lIla j kale sa&je rsro4lI `a=e.
Ê. lIla kale sa&je j rsro4lI `a=e.
Ë. lIla kale sa&je rsro4lI j `a=e.
Ì. lIla kale sa&je rs ro4lI `a=e j.
Besides there are also sentential emphasis word `ru&, that agree with object > subject.
Examples:Í. rme= AaVyo `ro?
Î. rme=e cop6I va&cI `rI?
3.5.2 Interjections
Gujarati has two types of interjections: primary (which do not have any lexical meaning)and secondary (which have some lexical meaning associated with them). Ahha, Aho, Aoho,
A0000, h&A are the examples of primary interjections while vah, =aba=, ALya, etc. are the253
examples of secondary interjections. In terms of function, they can be divided into
expressive, conative and phatic types. Expressive interjections can be further divided into
emotive and cognitive interjections. Following is a rough and very preliminaryclassification of the Gujarati interjections:
Expressive interjections:
Emotive
1. hay, hay hay, hay re, bapre, ma re, Ao...
Express pain
2. Aoho, Aha, A000, Ahha...
Exclamatory
3. h4\, 2I, 24\, 9U, i0k...
Express hate.
Cognitive
4. vah, =aba=, Aaha, 0Ny...
Express joy
Conative
5. Ao, ALya, AlI....
Address terms (informal).
6. hay, hlo,
Express greeting.
7. Aav, Aavo, p0aro
Express reception (informal sg. informal plural andhonorific, formal respectively).
8. Aavje, Aavjo
Express good-bye.
9. cal / calo Tyare
Express parting
Phatic10. h&, =u&
Express question.
11. h&A, ha,...
Express permission.
12. W&hu&
Expresses negation.
3.5.3 Negators
na, nhI&, n and n9I are the negators in Gujarati. We use negators to prohibit an action andalso to negate a sentence or a phrase. Examples:
Prohibitative Negation
É. tme kerI na `ata.
Ê. tme bIju b0u& j `ajo, p8 kerI nhI& `ata.
Ë. tme kerI n `aAo to saru&.
Sentential/Phrasal negation
É. p/½Š rme= AaVyo?
(Ramesh did not come.)
jvabŠ na.
Ê. rme= rmto n9I.
(Ramesh may be doing something else.)
Ë, rme= rm=e nhI&.
(Ramesh will not play. He will do something else).
Ì. rme= Aavu& na kre.
(Ramesh would not do such thing. Some another person must havedone it).
Í. rme= pakI kerI n laVyo. (Ramesh brought a mango but it was not ripe.)
3.5.4 Politeness marker@ is the politeness marker that is used with verb and nouns. Examples:
É. kagXno jvab AapvanI k<pa kr=o@.
Ê. bapu@ bhar gam gya 2e. kale Aav=e.
3.5.5 Tag-marks
Gujarati has two types of tag-marks:(1) Sentence initial tag-marks, and (2) Sentence final
tag-marks. Examples:
Sentence Initial tag-marks

254
É. to tme kyare pa2a Aav=o?
Ê. te tme kyare Amdavad jvana?
Ë. to to tu& Aa nokrI krvano `ro, kem?
Ì. Tyare to t u& 3er jvano Aemke?
Sentence Final tag-marks
Í. tme ca pI=o ke?
Î. Aa cop6I lw& ke?
Ï. jra Aa kagX va&cI btav to.
Ð. me& Aa4lu& kam to kyuRne?
4. Conclusion
This is a very brief outline of the Gujarati parts-of-speech I have prepared for the
Beginning Gujarati and Intermediate Gujarati class. I am more concerned with specifying
general properties of these parts of speech and listing sample words belonging to them.

255

Gujarati Numerals
Gujarati has three types of numerals: cardinals, ordinals, and fractions.
Cardinal

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

†å‘
ËÜå
µÜ±Ü
œÜÜÓ
ÆÜÜØœÜ
“
ôÜÜ´Ü
†Ü«
ÃÜíÜ
¹ôÜ
†ÝÄÜÑÜÜÓ
ËÜÜÓ
´ÜåÓ
œÜÜæ¹
ÆÜØ¹Ó
ôÜÜåì
ôÜ¶ÜÓ
†°ÜÓ
†ÜåÄÜÝ±ÜôÜíÜßôÜ†å‘íÜßôÜ
ËÜÜíÜßôÜ´ÜåíÜßôÜ
œÜÜåíÜßôÜ
ÆÜœœÜßôÜ
“ííÜßôÜ
ôÜ¶ÜÜíÜßôÜ
†¬ÜíÜßôÜ
†ÜåÄÜ±ÜµÜßôÜµÜßôÜ†å‘µÜßôÜ

32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

ËÜµÜßôÜ´ÜåµÜßôÜ
œÜÜåµÜßôÜ
ÆÜÜØµÜßôÜ
“µÜßôÜ
ôÜÜ²µÜßôÜ
†Ü²µÜßôÜ
†ÜåÄÜ±ÜœÜÜêÜßôÜ
œÜÜêÜßôÜ†å‘´ÜÜêÜßôÜËÜå´ÜÜêÜßôÜ´Üå´ÜÜêÜßôÜ
œÜàÏÜÜêÜßôÜÝÆÜô´ÜÜêÜßôÜ“å´ÜÜêÜßôÜ
ôÜà²´ÜÜêÜßôÜ
†²´ÜÜêÜßôÜ
†ÜåÄÜ±ÜÆÜœÜÜôÜ
ÆÜœÜÜôÜ
†å‘ÜíÜÃÜ
ËÜÜíÜÃÜ
µÜåÆÜÃÜ
œÜÜåÆÜÃÜ
ÆÜØœÜÜíÜÃÜ
“ÆÆÜÃÜ
ôÜ¶ÜÜíÜÃÜ
†¬ÜíÜÃÜ
†ÜåÄÜ±ÜôÜÜ‡«ôÜÜ‡«†å‘ôÜ«
ËÜÜôÜ«µÜåôÜ«

256

64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82

64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82

œÜÜåôÜ«ÆÜÜØôÜ«“ÜôÜ«
ôÜ²ôÜ«†²ôÜ«†ÄÜ±ÜÜåôÜß¶ÜåÓÝôÜ¶ÜåÓ‡‘Üå´ÜåÓËÜÜå´ÜåÓ´ÜÜÇ´ÜåÓ
œÜàÏÜÜå´ÜåÓÆÜØœÜÜå´ÜåÓ“Üå´ÜåÓ
ÝôÜ¶ÜÜå´ÜåÓ‡«ÖÑÜÜå´ÜåÓ†ÄÜ±ÑÜÜ†åïÜß†åïÜß†åÑÜÜïÜß
ËÑÜÜïÜß

83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100

83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100

´ÑÜÜïÜß
œÜÜåÑÜÜÚïÜß
ÆÜØœÜÜïÜß
“ÖÑÜÜïÜßôÜ´ÑÜÜïÜß
†«ÖÑÜÜïÜß
ÃÜíÑÜÜïÜß
ÃÜåíÜàØ
†å‘Ü±ÜàØ
ËÜÜ±ÜàØ
µÜÜ±ÜàØ
œÜÜåÓÜ±ÜàØÆÜØœÜÜ±ÜàØ“ÅÜàØôÜ¶ÜÜ±ÜàØ†¬Ü±ÜàØ
ÃÜííÜÜ±ÜàØôÜÜå

In counting 100 is †å‘ ôÜÜå, 200 is ËÜôÜÜå, 300 is µÜ±Ü ôÜÜå, 400 is œÜÜÓ ôÜÜå and so on. Similarly,
1000 is ÷¡Ó, which is once again †å‘ ÷¡Ó, ËÜå ÷¡Ó, µÜ±Ü ÷¡Ó and so on. One hundred
thousand is called êÜÜƒÜ in Gujarati. There is no concept of million in Gujarati. We
describe it as ¹ôÜ êÜÜƒÜ. One hundred êÜÜƒÜ is called ‘ÓÜå² and one hundred ‘ÓÜå² is called†ËÜè.
Remember:
In Gujarati each number symbol has its own name. They are †å‘²Üå, ËÜÄÜ²Üå, ´ÜÄÜ²Üå, œÜÜåÄÜ²Üå,ÆÜÜØœÜ²Üå, “ÄÜ²Üå, ôÜÜ´Ü²Üå, †Ü«²Üå, ÃÜíÜ²Üå and ÏÜß²àØ for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 0 respectively.
Ordinals:
The ordinals for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 are ÆÜ÷åêÜàØ, ËÜßèàØ, µÜßèà, œÜÜå³ÜàØ, “¬àØ, respectively. For rest of thenumbers, we use –ÏÜàØ. Examples: ÆÜÜØœÜÏÜàØ, ôÜÜ´ÜÏÜàØ, †ÜÜ«ÏÜàØ, ÃÜíÜÏÜàØ ¹ôÜÏÜàØ and so on. The ordinals
must agree with noun in gender. Example:ÆÜ÷åêÜÜå “Üå‘ÓÜå

first boyÆÜ÷åêÜß “Üå‘Óß

second boy

257ÆÜ÷åêÜàØ “Üå‘ÓàØ

third boy

Fractions:
Following is the list of the fractions:
¼
½
¾
1¼
1½
1¾
2¼
2½
2¾
…
…
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