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Ogasawara et al., Optom Open Access 2023, 8:2

Optometry: Open Access

ISSN: 2476-2075

ResearchBrief Report Article

OpenOpenAccess
AccessEyeglasses Development for Measuring the Upper Eyelid Levator Function
Kosuke Ogasawara*, Risa Saito CO and Miyo Takano CO
Medical Corporation Ogasawara Eye Clinic 3-10-12, Takamatsu Morioka Iwate 020-0114 JAPAN

Abstract
Accurate measurement of upper eyelid levator function is critical in diagnosing and treating patients with ptosis.
In this article, we introduce our new eyeglasses for upper eyelid levator muscle measurement, which are simple,reproducible, and stable. The measuring eyeglasses can be adjusted to fit the face size and interpupillary distanceof patients ranging from children to adults. It also maintains sufficient space to hold the upper part of the eyebrow
and is extremely lightweight, weighing only 29g. The optical part of the glasses has a graduated plate that allows
the position of the eyelid to be read from the front and the position of the eyelid. It also has the advantage of easily
measuring palpebral fissures and can thus be used to measure its width, MRD-1, and MRD-2.

Keywords: Eyeglasses; Upper eyelid levator function; Blepharoptosis

AB

Introduction
Accurate measurement of upper eyelid levator function isextremely important because it is the criterion for determining thesurgical technique [1] and is also known to play a significant role inpostoperative outcomes [2-7].
The conventional method of measuring upper eyelid levator
function has been to place a ruler (scale measure) on the external eyeangle, hold the upper part of the eyebrow with the finger, reduce theinfluence of the frontalis muscle, and read the scale on the measure forchanges in eyelid margin height [8]. However, it is believed that there
were some difficulties in reproducibility, as well as errors caused by thedifficulty of one-handed measurement and the shifting of the referenceline when measuring.
This article presents our invention of eyeglasses for measuring theupper eyelid levator muscle function. The measuring eyeglasses canbe adjusted to fit the face size and interpupillary distance of patients
ranging from children to adults. The overall appearance is shown in
Figure 1. The distinctive feature of these eyeglasses is the ability tochange the glasses' width and the temples' length and retain enoughspace to hold back the upper part of the eyebrows (Figure 2). It is also
made of aluminum, nylon, and polyester and weighs only 29 g. The
optical part of the glasses is a graduated plate (polycarbonate), whichallows the eyelid position to be read from the front and the eyelid
position to be marked with a water-based pen.
How to use the eyeglasses for measuring eyelid levator muscle
function is as follows (Figure 3).

Figure 2: A. The frame width and temple length are extended. The spring isinternal, so it returns to its original position when released.
As it can be adjusted to the size of the face, the interpupillary distance from children
to the elderly can be adjusted.
B. Sufficient space to restrain the brow area.

1.
Put on the pair of eyeglasses, press your finger on the top of
the eyebrow from inside the frame of the glasses, and look downwards.
Align the upper eyelid margin of one eye with the lowest long line whenthe eye is made to look downward.
2.
The patient is asked to look upward while holding the topof the eyebrow and the height of the upper eyelid margin is measured
when looking upward.
3.

Perform the steps in (1) and (2) with the other eye.

The above procedures are presented in the Supplementry video.
https://ogasawara-eye-clinic.or.jp/movie/eyeglasses.mp4
To confirm the accuracy and reproducibility of the measurement
method, two certified orthoptists performed three measurements on a
total of 12 normal subjects between the ages of 25 and 55 and compared*Corresponding author: Kosuke Ogasawara, Medical Corporation Ogasawara
Eye Clinic 3-10-12, Takamatsu Morioka Iwate 020-0114, JAPAN, ORCID ID: 00000002-7500-6779, Tel: +81 19 (662) 3223, FAX: +81 19 (662) 7331; E-mail: ogakoke@diamond.broba.cc
Received: 17-Feb-2023, Manuscript No: omoa-23-89537, Editor assigned: 20Feb-2023, PreQC No: omoa-23-89537 (PQ), Reviewed: 06-Mar-2023, QC No:
omoa-23-89537, Revised: 13-Mar-2023, Manuscript No: omoa-23-89537 (R),
Published: 20-Mar-2023, DOI: 10.4172/2476-2075.1000188
Citation: Ogasawara K, Risa Saito CO, Miyo Takano CO (2023) Eyeglasses
Development for Measuring the Upper Eyelid Levator Function. Optom OpenAccess 8: 188.

Figure 1: Overall view of the eyeglasses. Frame made of aluminum, polyester,and nylon.
The weight is as light as 29g.

Optom Open Access, an open access journal

Copyright: © 2023 Ogasawara K, et al. This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided theoriginal author and source are credited.

Volume 8 • Issue 2 • 1000188

Citation: Ogasawara K, Risa Saito CO, Miyo Takano CO (2023) Eyeglasses Development for Measuring the Upper Eyelid Levator Function. Optom
Open Access 8: 188.

Page 2 of 2BA

them and confirmed that the results were highly reproducible and verystable.
The eyeglasses for upper eyelid levator measurement describedin this article may be a convenient and useful tool for measuring thefunction of the eyelid levator muscles in the routine care of patientswith ptosis. It also has the advantage of easily measuring palpebral
fissures and can thus be used to measure its width, MRD-1, and MRD2. (Figure 4).

Acknowledgments

CWe have not received any fund for this study. We would like toexpress our gratitude for support to create and provide prototype of thepresent eyeglasses by Takashi Yamada of OBC Co., Tokyo, Japan. We
also thank Mr.Hisato Nakatsubo for editing the Supplementary video.

Disclosure
The authors report no conflict of interest.
Figure 3: A. Front view with glasses.
Polycarbonate plate with 1 mm increments of scale.
B. Hold the eyebrow area with the thumb and align the upper eyelid margin with thelowest long edge when the eyebrow is viewed downward.
C. Read the scale for the height of the upper eyelid margin when viewing upward.

MRD-1

References
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2. Timothy McCulley J, Robert Kersten C, Dwight Kulwin R, William Feuer J(2003) Outcome and influencing factors of external levator palpebrae superioris
aponeurosis advancement for blepharoptosis. Adv Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr
Surg 19:383-393.
3. Luciano Pereira S, Thomas Hwang N, Robert Kersten C, Kathryn Ray, Timothy
McCulley J (2008) Levator superioris muscle function in involutional
blepharoptosis. Am J Ophthalmol 145:1095-1098.
4. Stefano Ranno, Matteo Sacchi, Mithra Gonzalez O, Meher Ravula T, Paolo
Nucci (2014) Evaluation of levator function for efficacy of minimally invasive
and standard techniques for involutional ptosis. Am J Ophthalmol 157: 2019-2113.

MRD-2
Figure 4: The eyeglass also may be a convenient and useful tool for measuringpalpebral fissures and can thus be used to measure its width, MRD-1, and MRD-2.

5. Hsin-Ti Lai, Shih-Feng Weng, Chih-Hau Chang, Shu-Hung Huang, SuShin Lee, et al. (2017) Analysis of Levator Function and Ptosis Severity inInvolutional Blepharoptosis. Ann Plast Surg 78: s58-s60.
6. Şimşek I, Zeynep Parlakgüneş (2018) The Importance of Levator Functionin Determining the Levator Resection Surgery Results for Blepharoptosis
Patients. Turk Klin J Ophthalmol 27: 45-50.
7. Şimşek I, Zeynep Parlakgüneş (2018) The Importance of Levator Functionin Determining the Levator Resection Surgery Results for Blepharoptosis
Patients. Turk Klin J Ophthalmol 27: 45-50.
8. Crowell Beard (1981) Ptosis. (3rd Edition), The C.V.Mosby Company, St Louis,Tront, London.

Optom Open Access, an open access journal

Volume 8 • Issue 2 • 1000188