ஒ৛৾੹প৾঺ভ৴௚ਃଡব੠ઐ૴ુ৊ଢ଼஢崣嵛崧嵤嵣঩মଃ੮崹嵑嵒嵛崼崫崗ଢ଼஢ভ ુಈਗਜ੄嵣൐঩ৗୂ঺ ৏ରਁஇଃ੮১যূ਎崒嵒嵛崼崫崗嵣崹嵑嵒嵛崼崫崗଼ૼপভੌ௶੻৩ভ ੈৡব੠崟嵛嵅崠崎嵈崡嵅嵤崬峼ৢ峂峉੗ધ৲ુে峘౞ਟ峕਱岻峐‫ع‬崒嵒嵛崼崫崗嵣崹嵑嵒嵛崼崫崗峒੗ધ৲ુে‫ع‬
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঩ৎ  ফ  া  ঩‫ق‬ଅ‫عك‬ভৃ ஒ৛৾੹প৾ ੕়ଢ଼஢ਚ崻嵓  మপভ৮஼

㹼 ⠇ࡼࡾ 岽峘হ঵峙ব੠ઐ૴੦সੴ৓ઐ૴ভ৮ஃਛ崿嵕崘嵑嵈峘ஃਛস峼ਭ岻峐ৰ઱峁峨峁峉岞ᅜ㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘

ᅜ㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢᮍ᮶࡟ྥࡅ࡚
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㹼࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ከᩥ໬ඹ⏕㹼

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‫ی‬ᅜ㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢᮍ᮶࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠖࡢ㛤ദ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭

‫ی‬ᅜ㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢᮍ᮶࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠖࡢ㛤ദ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ᅵᒣ ᐿ⏨㸦㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᡤ㛗㸧 ᅵᒣ ᐿ⏨㸦㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᡤ㛗㸧‫ی‬㛤఍ࡢᣵᣜ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭

‫ی‬㛤఍ࡢᣵᣜ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭

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୕ᮌ ⩏୍㸦㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱ᏛᏛ㛗㸧

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୕ᮌ ⩏୍㸦㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱ᏛᏛ㛗㸧‫ࠕࣥࣙࢩࢵࢭ  ➨ی‬ᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᙺ๭࣭ຊ㸦ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓඹ⏕ࡢ᥎㐍㸧࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ࠖ

‫ࠕࣥࣙࢩࢵࢭ  ➨ی‬ᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᙺ๭࣭ຊ㸦ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓඹ⏕ࡢ᥎㐍㸧࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ࠖ

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ᒣཱྀ ᣅ㸦⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫຓᩍ㸧 ➨  ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥウㄽ

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㣤➲ బ௦Ꮚ

㸦㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᐈဨ◊✲ဨࠊᮾ໭ᩥ໬Ꮫᅬ኱Ꮫᩍᤵ㸧㸦㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᐈဨ◊✲ဨࠊᮾ໭ᩥ໬Ꮫᅬ኱Ꮫᩍᤵ㸧➨  ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥウㄽ➨  ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥウㄽ‫ྜ⥲ ࣥࣙࢩࢵࢭ  ➨ی‬ウㄽࠕ ᖺᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡬ࡢᥦゝ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ࠖ‫ྜ⥲ ࣥࣙࢩࢵࢭ  ➨ی‬ウㄽࠕ ᖺᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡬ࡢᥦゝ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ࠖ

Ⓩቭ⪅඲ဨ

Ⓩቭ⪅඲ဨ

ྖ఍㸸ᑠ಴ ࿴ኵ㸦᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ◊✲఍௦⾲ࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ≉ูᣍ⪸ᩍᤵ㸧ྖ఍㸸ᑠ಴ ࿴ኵ㸦᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ◊✲఍௦⾲ࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ≉ูᣍ⪸ᩍᤵ㸧‫ی‬㛢఍ࡢᣵᣜ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭

‫ی‬㛢఍ࡢᣵᣜ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭

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‫ی‬Ⓩቭ⪅ࣉࣟࣇ࢕࣮࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ࣝ
࣭‫ی‬Ⓩቭ⪅ࣉࣟࣇ࢕࣮࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ࣝ
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国際シンポジウム「スポーツを通じた多文化共生の未来に向けて」の開催にあたって国際シンポジウム「スポーツを通じた多文化共生の未来に向けて」の開催にあたって

土山 實男

土山 實男

青山学院大学社会連携機構国際交流共同研究センター所長

青山学院大学社会連携機構国際交流共同研究センター所長

ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ㛤ദࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋࢃࡓࡃࡋࠊ௒᪥ࡢ㐍⾜ᙺࢆົࡵࡲࡍࠊ㟷ᒣࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ㛤ദࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋࢃࡓࡃࡋࠊ௒᪥ࡢ㐍⾜ᙺࢆົࡵࡲࡍࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᡤ㛗ࡢᅵᒣ࡜⏦ࡋࡲࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡒࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ

Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᡤ㛗ࡢᅵᒣ࡜⏦ࡋࡲࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡒࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ

௒᪥ࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡣࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢᮍ᮶࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊከᩥ໬ඹ

௒᪥ࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡣࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢᮍ᮶࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊከᩥ໬ඹ

⏕ࠊࢲ࢖ࣂ࣮ࢩࢸ࢕࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆㅻࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛࠸࠺ࢲ࢖ࣂ࣮ࢩࢸ࢕ࡢ୰࡟ࡣᩥ໬ࡔࡅ

⏕ࠊࢲ࢖ࣂ࣮ࢩࢸ࢕࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆㅻࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛࠸࠺ࢲ࢖ࣂ࣮ࢩࢸ࢕ࡢ୰࡟ࡣᩥ໬ࡔࡅ

࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃከࡃࡢࡶࡢࡀධࡾࡲࡍࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ⪁࠸ࡶⱝࡁࡶࠊ⏨ᛶࡶዪᛶࡶࠊ೺ᖖ⪅ࡶ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶ࠸ࢁࢇ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃከࡃࡢࡶࡢࡀධࡾࡲࡍࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ⪁࠸ࡶⱝࡁࡶࠊ⏨ᛶࡶዪᛶࡶࠊ೺ᖖ⪅ࡶ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ᪉ࠎࡀࠊ࡜ࡶ࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ♫఍࡟άຊࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⏕ࡁࡿ႐ࡧࢆᙉ

࡞ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ᪉ࠎࡀࠊ࡜ࡶ࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ♫఍࡟άຊࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⏕ࡁࡿ႐ࡧࢆᙉ

ࡵࡿࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆྍ⬟࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ ᖺࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㐍ࡵࡿࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆྍ⬟࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ ᖺࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࡇࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ㊃᪨࡛ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࡇࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ㊃᪨࡛ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

௒ᗘࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘࡁࡲࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ᪂ᅜ❧➇ᢏሙ࡜࠿࢚ࣥࣈ࣒ࣞࡢၥ㢟࡞࡝࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ㌑ࡁࡀ࠶

௒ᗘࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘࡁࡲࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ᪂ᅜ❧➇ᢏሙ࡜࠿࢚ࣥࣈ࣒ࣞࡢၥ㢟࡞࡝࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ㌑ࡁࡀ࠶

ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ௒ᖺࡣ࠸ࡼ࠸ࡼࣜ࢜ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡋ࡚㸳ᖺᚋ࡟ࡣᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ௒ᖺࡣ࠸ࡼ࠸ࡼࣜ࢜ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡋ࡚㸳ᖺᚋ࡟ࡣᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

ࡀ㏕ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢὶࢀ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚ໃ࠸ࢆࡘࡅࡿ࠿ࠋ

ࡀ㏕ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢὶࢀ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚ໃ࠸ࢆࡘࡅࡿ࠿ࠋ

㹌㹆㹉ࡢᮅࡢࢻ࣐ࣛࠕ࠶ࡉࡀ᮶ࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢆ⚾ࡢᐙෆࡀࣇ࢓࡛ࣥぢ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊ࠶ࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࢯ

㹌㹆㹉ࡢᮅࡢࢻ࣐ࣛࠕ࠶ࡉࡀ᮶ࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢆ⚾ࡢᐙෆࡀࣇ࢓࡛ࣥぢ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊ࠶ࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࢯ

ࣥࢢࡣࠕே⏕ࡣ⣬㣕⾜ᶵ࡛ࠖࡍࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡶࡑ࠺࠸࠺⣬㣕⾜ᶵࡢࡼ࠺࡞࡜ࡇ

ࣥࢢࡣࠕே⏕ࡣ⣬㣕⾜ᶵ࡛ࠖࡍࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡶࡑ࠺࠸࠺⣬㣕⾜ᶵࡢࡼ࠺࡞࡜ࡇ

ࢁࡀ࠶ࡿࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋᅜẸࡢࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣୡ⏺ࡢඹឤ࡜ᨭᣢࢆᚓ࡚ᛂ᥼ࡢ㢼ࡀࡩ࠿࡞࠸

ࢁࡀ࠶ࡿࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋᅜẸࡢࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣୡ⏺ࡢඹឤ࡜ᨭᣢࢆᚓ࡚ᛂ᥼ࡢ㢼ࡀࡩ࠿࡞࠸

࡜⣬㣕⾜ᶵࡣ࡞࠿࡞࠿✵㧗ࡃ࡟㣕ࡧࡲࡏࢇࠋ㸳ᖺᚋ࡟࠺ࡲࡃ✵㧗ࡃ㣕ࡪࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ௒᪥ࡇࡇ࡛࠸ࢁࢇ

࡜⣬㣕⾜ᶵࡣ࡞࠿࡞࠿✵㧗ࡃ࡟㣕ࡧࡲࡏࢇࠋ㸳ᖺᚋ࡟࠺ࡲࡃ✵㧗ࡃ㣕ࡪࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ௒᪥ࡇࡇ࡛࠸ࢁࢇ

࡞ࡈ㆟ㄽࢆ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡞ࡈ㆟ㄽࢆ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡇࡇࡣ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔࡛ࡍࠋ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔࡜ゝ࠼ࡤඛ㐌ᅵ᭙࡜᪥᭙ࡢ⟽᰿㥐ఏ࡛ࡍࠋ㥐ఏ࡛ඃ຾࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡋ

ࡇࡇࡣ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔࡛ࡍࠋ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔࡜ゝ࠼ࡤඛ㐌ᅵ᭙࡜᪥᭙ࡢ⟽᰿㥐ఏ࡛ࡍࠋ㥐ఏ࡛ඃ຾࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡋ

ࡓࠋࢃࡓࡃࡋࠊᐙෆ࡜୍⥴࡟኱ᡭ⏫࡟ᛂ᥼࡟⾜ࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡀ㥐ఏ࡟ฟࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠿

ࡓࠋࢃࡓࡃࡋࠊᐙෆ࡜୍⥴࡟኱ᡭ⏫࡟ᛂ᥼࡟⾜ࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡀ㥐ఏ࡟ฟࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠿

ࡽࠊࡕࡻࡗ࡜㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࢆࡦ࠸ࡁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊ⳹ࡸ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓឤࡌࡀ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ

ࡽࠊࡕࡻࡗ࡜㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࢆࡦ࠸ࡁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊ⳹ࡸ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓឤࡌࡀ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ

ᮾி࡛࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆࡸࡿ࡜ࠊ࡝ࢇ࡞ឤࡌ࡟࡞ࡿ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋࣈࣛࢪࣝ࡞࡝࡯

ᮾி࡛࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆࡸࡿ࡜ࠊ࡝ࢇ࡞ឤࡌ࡟࡞ࡿ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋࣈࣛࢪࣝ࡞࡝࡯

࠿ࡢᅜ࡛ࡸࡿࡢ࡜ࡣ㐪࠺࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟᪥ᮏࡶࡸࡗࡥࡾ㡹ᙇࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒

࠿ࡢᅜ࡛ࡸࡿࡢ࡜ࡣ㐪࠺࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟᪥ᮏࡶࡸࡗࡥࡾ㡹ᙇࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒

᪥ࡣ㸱ࡘࡢࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡀࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢭࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࠊᾏእ࠿ࡽ᮶ࡽࢀࡓᑓ㛛ᐙࡢ᪉ࡶ᪥ࡣ㸱ࡘࡢࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡀࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢭࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࠊᾏእ࠿ࡽ᮶ࡽࢀࡓᑓ㛛ᐙࡢ᪉ࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠊάⓎ࡞ࡈ㆟ㄽࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ྵࡵ࡚ࠊάⓎ࡞ࡈ㆟ㄽࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣ㛤఍࡟ඛ❧ࡕࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫࡢ୕ᮌ⩏୍Ꮫ㛗࡟୍ゝࡈᣵᣜࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ

ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣ㛤఍࡟ඛ❧ࡕࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫࡢ୕ᮌ⩏୍Ꮫ㛗࡟୍ゝࡈᣵᣜࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ

࡛ࡣ୕ᮌඛ⏕ࠊ࠾㢪࠸࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ

࡛ࡣ୕ᮌඛ⏕ࠊ࠾㢪࠸࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ





1

1

開会の挨拶

開会の挨拶
三木 義一

三木 義一

青山学院大学学長

青山学院大学学長

௒᪥ࡣࡼ࠺ࡇࡑ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ࡟࠾㉺ࡋ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋ࡚᭷㞴࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋᮏᏛ࡛ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᅜ

௒᪥ࡣࡼ࠺ࡇࡑ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ࡟࠾㉺ࡋ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋ࡚᭷㞴࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋᮏᏛ࡛ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᅜ

㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ㛤ദࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᚰ࠿ࡽឤㅰ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ࡜ࡋ࡚኱ኚග

㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ㛤ദࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᚰ࠿ࡽឤㅰ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ࡜ࡋ࡚኱ኚග

ᰤ࡟Ꮡࡌࡲࡍࠋ

ᰤ࡟Ꮡࡌࡲࡍࠋ

☜࠿࡟ඛ࡯࡝ࡢᅵᒣඛ⏕ࡢ㥐ఏࡢヰࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡀ㥐ఏ࡟ฟࡿ࡜⳹ࡸ࠿࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺

☜࠿࡟ඛ࡯࡝ࡢᅵᒣඛ⏕ࡢ㥐ఏࡢヰࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡀ㥐ఏ࡟ฟࡿ࡜⳹ࡸ࠿࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺

࡟⚾ࡶᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ௒᪥ࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡜㛵ಀࡍࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ㥐ఏ࡞࡝ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚࠸ࢁ

࡟⚾ࡶᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ௒᪥ࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡜㛵ಀࡍࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ㥐ఏ࡞࡝ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚࠸ࢁ

ࢇ࡞࠿ࡓࡕࡢඹ⏕ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋ

ࢇ࡞࠿ࡓࡕࡢඹ⏕ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋ

㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢ㑅ᡭࡓࡕࡀ༊㛫㈹࡞࡝ࢆྲྀࡗࡓᚋࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ

㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢ㑅ᡭࡓࡕࡀ༊㛫㈹࡞࡝ࢆྲྀࡗࡓᚋࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ

ᙼࡽࡣ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢࡇ࡜ࡔࡅࢆヰࡋࡲࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓࠋᙼࡽࡣࠊ㥐ఏ࡛㉮ࡗࡓ⪅ࡶฟࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ⪅ࡶࠊᙼࡽࡣ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢࡇ࡜ࡔࡅࢆヰࡋࡲࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓࠋᙼࡽࡣࠊ㥐ఏ࡛㉮ࡗࡓ⪅ࡶฟࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ⪅ࡶࠊࡲࡓᛂ᥼ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓ࿘ࡾࡢேࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁఏ࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ࠶ࢀࡀ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢࡼࡉࠊࡉࢃࡸ࠿

ࡲࡓᛂ᥼ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓ࿘ࡾࡢேࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁఏ࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ࠶ࢀࡀ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢࡼࡉࠊࡉࢃࡸ࠿

ࡉࡔ࡜࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁヰ㢟࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࡉࡔ࡜࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁヰ㢟࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ᙼࡽࠊᏛ⏕ࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡣ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡽࡋࡉࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ኱ኚࡼ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㥐ఏ࡜ᙼࡽࠊᏛ⏕ࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡣ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡽࡋࡉࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ኱ኚࡼ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㥐ఏ࡜࠸࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ࡯࠿ࡢேࠎࡢࡇ࡜ࡸ♫఍࡟࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ㓄៖ࡍࡿࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢጼໃࢆ࠸࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ࡯࠿ࡢேࠎࡢࡇ࡜ࡸ♫఍࡟࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ㓄៖ࡍࡿࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢጼໃࢆ♧ࡏࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡜࠸࠺௒♧ࡏࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡜࠸࠺௒᪥ࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆᮏᏛ࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡔࡅࡢࠊ㈨᱁ࡀᑡࡋࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡜ᛮ

᪥ࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆᮏᏛ࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡔࡅࡢࠊ㈨᱁ࡀᑡࡋࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡜ᛮ

ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

௒᪥ࡢࡇࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆⓙࡉࢇ࡟⇕ᚰ࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ௒ᚋࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚࠾஫

௒᪥ࡢࡇࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆⓙࡉࢇ࡟⇕ᚰ࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ௒ᚋࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚࠾஫

࠸ࡀᖾࡏ࡟࡞ࡿ♫఍࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡀ⤊ࢃࡗࡓᚋࠊࡼࢁࡋࡅࢀࡤ㟷࠸ࡀᖾࡏ࡟࡞ࡿ♫఍࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡀ⤊ࢃࡗࡓᚋࠊࡼࢁࡋࡅࢀࡤ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢ࢖ࢳࣙ࢘୪ᮌࢆࡈぴ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊ௒ࡣࡶ࠺෤࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽ࢖ࢳࣙ࢘ࡢⴥࡗࡥⴠࡕ࡚

ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢ࢖ࢳࣙ࢘୪ᮌࢆࡈぴ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊ௒ࡣࡶ࠺෤࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽ࢖ࢳࣙ࢘ࡢⴥࡗࡥⴠࡕ࡚

ࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡇࡢ୪ᮌ㐨࠶ࡓࡾࢆᑡࡋṌ࠸࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢ᫂ࡿࡃ࡚⮬⏤࡞㞺ᅖẼࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡇࡢ୪ᮌ㐨࠶ࡓࡾࢆᑡࡋṌ࠸࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢ᫂ࡿࡃ࡚⮬⏤࡞㞺ᅖẼࢆឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࢆឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

⚾ࡣ᭱㏆ࡲ࡛▱ࡾࡲࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓࡀࠊ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡾࡲࡍ࡜㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡣ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍ⣔ࡢ኱Ꮫ⚾ࡣ᭱㏆ࡲ࡛▱ࡾࡲࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓࡀࠊ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡾࡲࡍ࡜㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡣ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍ⣔ࡢ኱Ꮫࡢ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢ୰࡛ࡣୡ⏺࡛㸰␒┠࡟⨾ࡋ࠸ࠊ㸯␒ࡣ࡝ࡇࡔ࠿Ꮡࡌࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡔࡑ࠺࡛

ࡢ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢ୰࡛ࡣୡ⏺࡛㸰␒┠࡟⨾ࡋ࠸ࠊ㸯␒ࡣ࡝ࡇࡔ࠿Ꮡࡌࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡔࡑ࠺࡛

ࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࡢ⤂௓ࡶ࠶ࡿࡄࡽ࠸࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀ࡞ࡾ࡟㊃ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡐࡦ௒᪥ࡣ

ࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࡢ⤂௓ࡶ࠶ࡿࡄࡽ࠸࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀ࡞ࡾ࡟㊃ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡐࡦ௒᪥ࡣ

㸯᪥άⓎ࡞ࡈ㆟ㄽࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࠊࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢ኱Ꮫࡢ㞺ᅖẼࡶ࿡ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ኱ኚ࠺ࢀࡋࡃ

㸯᪥άⓎ࡞ࡈ㆟ㄽࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࠊࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢ኱Ꮫࡢ㞺ᅖẼࡶ࿡ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ኱ኚ࠺ࢀࡋࡃ

ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡝࠺ࡒࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ

࡝࠺ࡒࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ



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2

2

第１セッション

第１セッション

「文化としてのスポーツの役割・力（スポーツを通じた共生の推進）」「文化としてのスポーツの役割・力（スポーツを通じた共生の推進）」

コーディネーター：小倉 和夫

コーディネーター：小倉 和夫

日本財団パラリンピック研究会代表

日本財団パラリンピック研究会代表

青山学院大学特別招聘教授

青山学院大学特別招聘教授

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ➨㸯ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆጞࡵࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࡀࠊ➨㸯ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡣࠕᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ➨㸯ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆጞࡵࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࡀࠊ➨㸯ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡣࠕᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚

ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᙺ๭࣭ຊࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ⚾ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ◊✲఍ࡢ௦ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᙺ๭࣭ຊࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ⚾ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ◊✲఍ࡢ௦⾲ࡢᑠ಴࡜⏦ࡋࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮ࢆົࡵࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ

⾲ࡢᑠ಴࡜⏦ࡋࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮ࢆົࡵࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ

ࡇࡢࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢຊࡗ࡚࠸࠺ࡢࡣ୍యఱ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊᩥ໬ࡢຊ࡜ࡢẚࡇࡢࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢຊࡗ࡚࠸࠺ࡢࡣ୍యఱ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊᩥ໬ࡢຊ࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࢆࡍࡿୖ࡛ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢຊ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ♫఍࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ព࿡ࢆᣢࡘࡢ࠿ࠋࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼

㍑ࢆࡍࡿୖ࡛ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢຊ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ♫఍࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ព࿡ࢆᣢࡘࡢ࠿ࠋࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊⰍࢇ࡞ゅᗘ࠿ࡽ࠾ヰࢆ⪺ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊⰍࢇ࡞ゅᗘ࠿ࡽ࠾ヰࢆ⪺ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡲࡎ᭱ึ࡟ࠊⓙࡉࢇࡶࡈᢎ▱ࡢᅜ❧᪂⨾⾡㤋ࡢ㤋㛗࡛࠶ࡽࢀࠊᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫࡢᑓ㛛Ꮫ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚㠀ᖖࡲࡎ᭱ึ࡟ࠊⓙࡉࢇࡶࡈᢎ▱ࡢᅜ❧᪂⨾⾡㤋ࡢ㤋㛗࡛࠶ࡽࢀࠊᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫࡢᑓ㛛Ꮫ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚㠀ᖖ࡟ⴭྡ࡛ࠊࡲࡓᩥ໬ᗇ㛗ᐁࡶົࡵࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࠊ㟷ᮌಖඛ⏕࡟ࠕࠗᩥ໬ຊ࠘࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ࡜࠸࠺

࡟ⴭྡ࡛ࠊࡲࡓᩥ໬ᗇ㛗ᐁࡶົࡵࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࠊ㟷ᮌಖඛ⏕࡟ࠕࠗᩥ໬ຊ࠘࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ࡜࠸࠺

࠾ヰࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㟷ᮌඛ⏕ࡣ༢࡟Ꮫ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊⰍࠎ࡞࢔ࢻ࣑ࢽࢫࢺ࣮ࣞ

࠾ヰࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㟷ᮌඛ⏕ࡣ༢࡟Ꮫ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊⰍࠎ࡞࢔ࢻ࣑ࢽࢫࢺ࣮ࣞ

ࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡲࡓࢪࣕࢬࡀ࠾ዲࡁ࡞ᩥ໬ே࡜ࡋ࡚ά㌍ࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ

ࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡲࡓࢪࣕࢬࡀ࠾ዲࡁ࡞ᩥ໬ே࡜ࡋ࡚ά㌍ࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ

㸰␒┠࡟ࡈሗ࿌࠸ࡓࡔࡃࠊ࣋ࣝࣜࣥ⮬⏤኱Ꮫᩍᤵ࡛ࢻ࢖ࢶ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㐃┕๪఍㛗ࢆົࡵ࡚࠾ࡽ

㸰␒┠࡟ࡈሗ࿌࠸ࡓࡔࡃࠊ࣋ࣝࣜࣥ⮬⏤኱Ꮫᩍᤵ࡛ࢻ࢖ࢶ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㐃┕๪఍㛗ࢆົࡵ࡚࠾ࡽ

ࢀࡲࡍࢢࢻ࣭ࣝࣥࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࡣࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㛗࠸㛫⪃ࢀࡲࡍࢢࢻ࣭ࣝࣥࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࡣࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㛗࠸㛫⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡲࡓ◊✲ࡋ࡚ࡇࡽࢀࡓ᪉࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ⴭྡ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⛉Ꮫ࠾ࡼࡧࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

࠼ࡽࢀࡲࡓ◊✲ࡋ࡚ࡇࡽࢀࡓ᪉࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ⴭྡ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⛉Ꮫ࠾ࡼࡧࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

ᩍ⫱Ꮫࡢᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࡀࠊྠ᫬࡟ලయⓗ࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㐠ື࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࢀᩍ⫱Ꮫࡢᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࡀࠊྠ᫬࡟ලయⓗ࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㐠ື࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࢀ࡚ࠊᐇົⓗ࡞ࡈ⤒㦂ࡶ࠾࠶ࡾ࡛ࡍࠋࣁࣥࢻ࣮࣎ࣝࡀ࠾ዲࡁ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣮࣐࡛࢘ࣥࡶ࠶ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋࢻ

࡚ࠊᐇົⓗ࡞ࡈ⤒㦂ࡶ࠾࠶ࡾ࡛ࡍࠋࣁࣥࢻ࣮࣎ࣝࡀ࠾ዲࡁ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣮࣐࡛࢘ࣥࡶ࠶ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋࢻ

ࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊࢻ࢖ࢶࡢ≧ἣࡶ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊࡲࡓࠊࡶࡗ࡜ᗈࡃࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ

ࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊࢻ࢖ࢶࡢ≧ἣࡶ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊࡲࡓࠊࡶࡗ࡜ᗈࡃࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ

࠶ࡾ᪉࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ㋃ࡲ࠼࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࠾ヰࢆ࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠶ࡾ᪉࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ㋃ࡲ࠼࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࠾ヰࢆ࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸱␒┠ࡢྠᚿ♫኱Ꮫࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ೺ᗣᏛ㒊ᩍᤵࡢ⸨⏣ඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊࠕᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ࡟ࡘ

㸱␒┠ࡢྠᚿ♫኱Ꮫࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ೺ᗣᏛ㒊ᩍᤵࡢ⸨⏣ඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊࠕᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ࡟ࡘ

࠸࡚࠾ヰࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⸨⏣ඛ⏕ࡣ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡶ㸯㸪㸰ࢆத࠺࠸࡚࠾ヰࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⸨⏣ඛ⏕ࡣ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡶ㸯㸪㸰ࢆத࠺⚾ࡣᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊྠ᫬࡟Ⰽࠎ࡞㞀ᐖ⪅ᨻ⟇ࡢㅎၥጤဨ఍࡟ࡶཧຍࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࢀ

⚾ࡣᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊྠ᫬࡟Ⰽࠎ࡞㞀ᐖ⪅ᨻ⟇ࡢㅎၥጤဨ఍࡟ࡶཧຍࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࢀ

࡚ࠊ࠿ࡘ㝣ୖࡢ㑅ᡭ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡽࢀ࡚ࠊྠ᫬࡟࣎ࢵࢳࣕ࡜࠸࠺㞀ᐖ⪅≉᭷ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ᣺⯆ࡍࡿ༠఍ࡢ

࡚ࠊ࠿ࡘ㝣ୖࡢ㑅ᡭ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡽࢀ࡚ࠊྠ᫬࡟࣎ࢵࢳࣕ࡜࠸࠺㞀ᐖ⪅≉᭷ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ᣺⯆ࡍࡿ༠఍ࡢ

఍㛗ࡶࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ

఍㛗ࡶࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ

㸲␒┠࡟ሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡿࠊ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫࡢຓᩍࡢᒣཱྀᣅඛ⏕ࡣᅜ㝿㛤ⓎᏛࡢࡈᑓ㛛࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔࣭

㸲␒┠࡟ሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡿࠊ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫࡢຓᩍࡢᒣཱྀᣅඛ⏕ࡣᅜ㝿㛤ⓎᏛࡢࡈᑓ㛛࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔࣭

ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔࡛ᗈࡃࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ㛤Ⓨࡢၥ㢟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋࡈ⮬㌟ࡶࠊ⚾ࡢ࠾⪺ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔࡛ᗈࡃࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ㛤Ⓨࡢၥ㢟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋࡈ⮬㌟ࡶࠊ⚾ࡢ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡣࠊ㝣ୖ➇ᢏ࣭㞀ᐖࡢ㑅ᡭ࡟㏆࠸⬟ຊࢆ࠾ᣢࡕࡔ࡜࠸࠺㢼࡟⪺࠸࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࡁࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡣࠊ㝣ୖ➇ᢏ࣭㞀ᐖࡢ㑅ᡭ࡟㏆࠸⬟ຊࢆ࠾ᣢࡕࡔ࡜࠸࠺㢼࡟⪺࠸࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࡲࡎ㟷ᮌඛ⏕ࡢヰࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡒࠋ

ࡲࡎ㟷ᮌඛ⏕ࡢヰࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡒࠋ

3

3

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「『文化力』としてのスポーツ」「『文化力』としてのスポーツ」
青木 保

青木 保

国立新美術館館長

国立新美術館館長

元文化庁長官

元文化庁長官元青山学院大学大学院特任教授

元青山学院大学大学院特任教授

ᮏ᪥ࡣࡍࡤࡽࡋ࠸ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡟࠾ᣍࡁ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋ࡚ࡲࡇ࡜࡟࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡈ⤂௓ᮏ᪥ࡣࡍࡤࡽࡋ࠸ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡟࠾ᣍࡁ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋ࡚ࡲࡇ࡜࡟࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡈ⤂௓࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ࡟ࡶ≉௵ᩍᤵ࡜ࡋ࡚ዊ⫋ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋ࡚ࠊᅵᒣඛ⏕࡟ࡶ኱ኚ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ࡟ࡶ≉௵ᩍᤵ࡜ࡋ࡚ዊ⫋ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋ࡚ࠊᅵᒣඛ⏕࡟ࡶ኱ኚ࠾ୡヰ࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡓࡔ࠸ࡲᑠ಴ඛ⏕ࡢࡈ⤂௓࡟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ⚾ࡣࢪࣕࢬࡀዲࡁ࡛ࠊ๪

࠾ୡヰ࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡓࡔ࠸ࡲᑠ಴ඛ⏕ࡢࡈ⤂௓࡟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ⚾ࡣࢪࣕࢬࡀዲࡁ࡛ࠊ๪

Ꮫ㛗ࢆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓᅵᒣඛ⏕࡜୍⥴࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊࠕ㟷ᒣࢪࣕࢬ࣭࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢸ࢕ࣈࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢪࣕࢬࢥࣥࢧ

Ꮫ㛗ࢆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓᅵᒣඛ⏕࡜୍⥴࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊࠕ㟷ᒣࢪࣕࢬ࣭࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢸ࢕ࣈࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢪࣕࢬࢥࣥࢧ

࣮ࢺࢆ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔࡛ᩘᖺ๓࡟ጞࡵࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ㡰ㄪ࡟ࡶ࠺㸴ᅇ┠ࢆ㏄࠼ࡲࡋࡓࠋ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ

࣮ࢺࢆ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔࡛ᩘᖺ๓࡟ጞࡵࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ㡰ㄪ࡟ࡶ࠺㸴ᅇ┠ࢆ㏄࠼ࡲࡋࡓࠋ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ

࣌ࢠ࣮ⴥᒣࡉࢇ࡜࠿ᖹᒸ⢭஧ࡉࢇ࡜࠿ࠊᡓᚋࡢ᪥ᮏࡢࢪࣕࢬࢩ࣮ࣥࢆᙬࡗࡓ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ࠸ࢫࢱ࣮ࡓࡕ

࣌ࢠ࣮ⴥᒣࡉࢇ࡜࠿ᖹᒸ⢭஧ࡉࢇ࡜࠿ࠊᡓᚋࡢ᪥ᮏࡢࢪࣕࢬࢩ࣮ࣥࢆᙬࡗࡓ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ࠸ࢫࢱ࣮ࡓࡕ

ࢆ㍮ฟࡋࡓ኱Ꮫ࡜࠸࠺༳㇟ࡀࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ኱Ꮫ࡟᮶࡚ࡳࡓࡽࢪࣕࢬࡢࢪࣕࡢᏐࡶ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡞࠸ࡶ

ࢆ㍮ฟࡋࡓ኱Ꮫ࡜࠸࠺༳㇟ࡀࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ኱Ꮫ࡟᮶࡚ࡳࡓࡽࢪࣕࢬࡢࢪࣕࡢᏐࡶ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡞࠸ࡶ

ࢇ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊᅵᒣඛ⏕࡟┤ッࡋ࡚ࠊ㟷ᒣࢪࣕࢬ࣭࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢸ࢕ࣈࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ

ࢇ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊᅵᒣඛ⏕࡟┤ッࡋ࡚ࠊ㟷ᒣࢪࣕࢬ࣭࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢸ࢕ࣈࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ

࠾࠿ࡆࡉࡲ࡛኱ኚ㡰ㄪ࡟ከࡃࡢேࠎ࡟᮶࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ឡࡉࢀࡿࢪࣕࢬࣇ࢙ࢫࢸ࢕ࣂࣝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ

࠾࠿ࡆࡉࡲ࡛኱ኚ㡰ㄪ࡟ከࡃࡢேࠎ࡟᮶࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ឡࡉࢀࡿࢪࣕࢬࣇ࢙ࢫࢸ࢕ࣂࣝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ

࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡉ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ  ᖺ࡟᪥ᮏ࡟᮶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࢀ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿࡉ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ  ᖺ࡟᪥ᮏ࡟᮶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࢀ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ヰ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ≉࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᑠ಴ඛ⏕ࡀ኱ኚ࡞ࡈᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸

࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ヰ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ≉࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᑠ಴ඛ⏕ࡀ኱ኚ࡞ࡈᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸

ࡲࡍࡅ࡝ࠊ኱ࡁ࡞┠⋢࡟࡞ࡿࢇ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜൅ࡶᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡲࡍࡅ࡝ࠊ኱ࡁ࡞┠⋢࡟࡞ࡿࢇ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜൅ࡶᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡓࡔࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ゝ࠺࡜௒ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⚍඾࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ぢ᪉࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠊࡶ࡜ࡶ

ࡓࡔࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ゝ࠺࡜௒ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⚍඾࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ぢ᪉࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠊࡶ࡜ࡶ

࡜ࡣࠊྂ௦ࢠࣜࢩ࡛ࣕࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ⚍ࡾࡣ㸯ࡘࡢ᐀ᩍⓗ࡞⚍♭࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊᩥ໬ⓗ࡞⾜஦࡜ࡣࠊྂ௦ࢠࣜࢩ࡛ࣕࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ⚍ࡾࡣ㸯ࡘࡢ᐀ᩍⓗ࡞⚍♭࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊᩥ໬ⓗ࡞⾜஦࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆ࢔⚍࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ㐠ື࡜࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆ࢔⚍࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ㐠ື࡜࡜ࡶ࡟リࡢᮁㄞ࡜࠿ࠊ㡢ᴦ࡜࠿ࢆࡳ࡞୍⥴࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࡶ࡜ࡶ

ࡶ࡟リࡢᮁㄞ࡜࠿ࠊ㡢ᴦ࡜࠿ࢆࡳ࡞୍⥴࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࡶ࡜ࡶ

࡜㠀ᖖ࡟ᩥ໬ⓗ࡞ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᐀ᩍⓗ࡞Ⰽᙬࡀᙉ࠸⾜஦࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ஦ᐇ࡛ࡍࠋ

࡜㠀ᖖ࡟ᩥ໬ⓗ࡞ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᐀ᩍⓗ࡞Ⰽᙬࡀᙉ࠸⾜஦࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ஦ᐇ࡛ࡍࠋ

㏆௦ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ๰ጞ⪅࡛࠶ࡿࢡ࣮࣋ࣝࢱࣥ⏨∖ࡶࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ࡑࡢᐉゝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ

㏆௦ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ๰ጞ⪅࡛࠶ࡿࢡ࣮࣋ࣝࢱࣥ⏨∖ࡶࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ࡑࡢᐉゝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ

⚍඾࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊᩥ໬ࡢ⚍඾࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ゝࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ

⚍඾࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊᩥ໬ࡢ⚍඾࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ゝࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ

࡝࠺ࡶ௒ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊᡓ๓ࡢࢼࢳࢫ᫬௦ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࠿ࡽࠊᡓᚋࠊ෭ᡓ᫬௦

࡝࠺ࡶ௒ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊᡓ๓ࡢࢼࢳࢫ᫬௦ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࠿ࡽࠊᡓᚋࠊ෭ᡓ᫬௦

ࢆྵࡵ࡚ࠊḟ➨࡟ᅜᐙⓗ࡞➇தࡀྲྀࡾධࢀࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࡲࡓࠊ௒ࠊ୍␒ࠊ൅ࡣࡼࡃ࡞࠸࡜

ࢆྵࡵ࡚ࠊḟ➨࡟ᅜᐙⓗ࡞➇தࡀྲྀࡾධࢀࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࡲࡓࠊ௒ࠊ୍␒ࠊ൅ࡣࡼࡃ࡞࠸࡜

ᛮ࠺ࡢࡣグ㘓࡟࡜ࡽࢃࢀࡍࡂࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡜࡟࠿ࡃグ㘓୰ᚰ୺⩏࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣࡕࡻ

ᛮ࠺ࡢࡣグ㘓࡟࡜ࡽࢃࢀࡍࡂࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡜࡟࠿ࡃグ㘓୰ᚰ୺⩏࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣࡕࡻ

ࡗ࡜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㊃᪨࡟཯ࡍࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡋࠊࡲࡓࠊከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡜࠸ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞⪃࠼᪉ࡶධࡾ࡟

ࡗ࡜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㊃᪨࡟཯ࡍࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡋࠊࡲࡓࠊከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡜࠸ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞⪃࠼᪉ࡶධࡾ࡟

ࡃࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆᨵࡵ࡚⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡿࡃࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆᨵࡵ࡚⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡿሙྜࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡶྵࡵࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ᩥ໬࡜ศࡅ࡞࠸࡛ࠊࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶᩥ໬࡛࠶

ሙྜࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡶྵࡵࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ᩥ໬࡜ศࡅ࡞࠸࡛ࠊࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶᩥ໬࡛࠶

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ஦ᐇ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊᩥ໬ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ព࿡࡛ࡇࢀࢆே㢮ࡢ⚍඾࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟࡜ࡽ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦ࡔ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ஦ᐇ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊᩥ໬ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ព࿡࡛ࡇࢀࢆே㢮ࡢ⚍඾࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟࡜ࡽ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦ࡔ

࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

44ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊ᭱㏆࡛ࡣࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ኱ኚᩥ໬ࢆ㔜どࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࠊ

ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊ᭱㏆࡛ࡣࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ኱ኚᩥ໬ࢆ㔜どࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ホ౯ࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࠊᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬࡜࠿ᩥ໬ᗇ࡜࠿࡯࠿ࡢ┬ᗇࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠊᨻᗓࡶࡑ࠺࠸࠺ホ౯ࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࠊᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬࡜࠿ᩥ໬ᗇ࡜࠿࡯࠿ࡢ┬ᗇࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠊᨻᗓࡶ

࠿࡞ࡾࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ◊✲ࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜

࠿࡞ࡾࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ◊✲ࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊᆅ᪉ࡢ๰⏕࡜࠿ᆅ᪉ࡢ෌⏕࡜࠿࡟⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚ࠊࣟࣥࢻࣥ

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊᆅ᪉ࡢ๰⏕࡜࠿ᆅ᪉ࡢ෌⏕࡜࠿࡟⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚ࠊࣟࣥࢻࣥ

࡛ࡸࡿ➇ᢏࡔࡅࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ඲ᅜⓗ࡞つᶍ࡛ᩥ໬ⓗ࡞⾜஦࡟ᗈࡵࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࡑࡢᚋ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ

࡛ࡸࡿ➇ᢏࡔࡅࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ඲ᅜⓗ࡞つᶍ࡛ᩥ໬ⓗ࡞⾜஦࡟ᗈࡵࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࡑࡢᚋ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ

࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤ദࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣ࠸ࡗࡥ࠸ୡ⏺࠿ࡽேࡀ᮶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࡢ

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤ദࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣ࠸ࡗࡥ࠸ୡ⏺࠿ࡽேࡀ᮶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࡢ

ᚋࠊḟࡢᖺ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ࡑࡢ㒔ᕷࢆゼࢀࡿேࡀ༙ῶࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ኱యᬑ㏻ࡽࡋ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ

ᚋࠊḟࡢᖺ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ࡑࡢ㒔ᕷࢆゼࢀࡿேࡀ༙ῶࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ኱యᬑ㏻ࡽࡋ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ

ࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢሙྜࡣ㏫࡟ቑ࠼ࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡀ㸯ࡘࡢࣔࢹࣝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢሙྜࡣ㏫࡟ቑ࠼ࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡀ㸯ࡘࡢࣔࢹࣝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࣟࣥࢻࣥࡣࣟࣥࢻ࡛ࣥᡂຌࡋࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊࡓࡔࠊᐇ㝿ၥ㢟ࡣࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᮇ

ࣟࣥࢻࣥࡣࣟࣥࢻ࡛ࣥᡂຌࡋࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊࡓࡔࠊᐇ㝿ၥ㢟ࡣࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᮇ

㛫୰࡟ࡣࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢࣈࣜࢸ࢕ࢵࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣗࢪ࢔࣒࡜࠿ࢼࢩࣙࢼࣝࢠ࣮ࣕࣛࣜ࡜࠿ࡑ࠺࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡟

㛫୰࡟ࡣࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢࣈࣜࢸ࢕ࢵࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣗࢪ࢔࣒࡜࠿ࢼࢩࣙࢼࣝࢠ࣮ࣕࣛࣜ࡜࠿ࡑ࠺࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡟

ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ேࡀ᮶࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ⤊ࢃࡗࡓࡽ᮶ࡓࡽࡋ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃ

ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ேࡀ᮶࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ⤊ࢃࡗࡓࡽ᮶ࡓࡽࡋ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃ

ࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࡸࡗࡥࡾࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➇ᢏ୰ᚰ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ

ࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࡸࡗࡥࡾࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➇ᢏ୰ᚰ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ

ᮾிࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊ⚾࡝ࡶࡢᅜ❧᪂⨾⾡㤋ࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ᒎぴ఍ࡸࡑࡢ࡯࠿ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ࡞⾜஦ࢆᮾிࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊ⚾࡝ࡶࡢᅜ❧᪂⨾⾡㤋ࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ᒎぴ఍ࡸࡑࡢ࡯࠿ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ࡞⾜஦ࢆ㛤ദࡋ࡚ࠊࡐࡦࠊ඲ୡ⏺࠿ࡽ᪥ᮏ࡟᮶ࡿேࡓࡕ࡟᪥ᮏࡢᩥ໬ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ඲యⓗ࡞ᩥ໬ࡢ⚍඾࡜࠸࠺㛤ദࡋ࡚ࠊࡐࡦࠊ඲ୡ⏺࠿ࡽ᪥ᮏ࡟᮶ࡿேࡓࡕ࡟᪥ᮏࡢᩥ໬ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ඲యⓗ࡞ᩥ໬ࡢ⚍඾࡜࠸࠺ࡢࢆ࿡ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡢࢆ࿡ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡑࢀ࡛ࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟ලయⓗ࡟⪃࠼࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠊᅜ

ࡑࢀ࡛ࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟ලయⓗ࡟⪃࠼࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠊᅜ

❧᪂⨾⾡㤋࡛ࡶࠊ௒ᖺࡢ࣭ࣜ࢜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ⤊ࢃࡾࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ ᭶࠿ࡽࠊࠕᮾி

❧᪂⨾⾡㤋࡛ࡶࠊ௒ᖺࡢ࣭ࣜ࢜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ⤊ࢃࡾࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ ᭶࠿ࡽࠊࠕᮾி

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࢖࣮ࣖࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࢖࣮ࣖࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀጞࡲࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡜㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊ ᖺࡲ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࢖࣮ࣖࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࢖࣮ࣖࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀጞࡲࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡜㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊ ᖺࡲ࡛࠸ࢁࢇ࡞⾜஦ࢆ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞࡜ࡇࢁ࡛⤌ࡳࡲࡍࡅ࡝ࠋ⚾࡝ࡶࡶ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞⾜஦ࢆࡸࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࡛࠸ࢁࢇ࡞⾜஦ࢆ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞࡜ࡇࢁ࡛⤌ࡳࡲࡍࡅ࡝ࠋ⚾࡝ࡶࡶ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞⾜஦ࢆࡸࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ⚾ࡶࡑࢀ࡟࠾ᛂ࠼ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡘࡣ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ㞀ᐖ⪅࢔࣮ࢺࡢᒎぴ఍ࢆ㛤࠾ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ⚾ࡶࡑࢀ࡟࠾ᛂ࠼ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡘࡣ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ㞀ᐖ⪅࢔࣮ࢺࡢᒎぴ఍ࢆ㛤ദࡋࡓࡽ࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࠋࡇࢀࡣᩥ໬ᗇ࡜୍⥴࡟ࡸࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ௻⏬

ദࡋࡓࡽ࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࠋࡇࢀࡣᩥ໬ᗇ࡜୍⥴࡟ࡸࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ௻⏬

ࢆලయⓗ࡟㐍ࡵ࡚ࡲ࠸ࡾࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡶ࠺  ࡘࡣᅜ㝿஺ὶᇶ㔠ࡢ࢔ࢪ࢔ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡜⤌ࢇ࡛ࠊࢆලయⓗ࡟㐍ࡵ࡚ࡲ࠸ࡾࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡶ࠺  ࡘࡣᅜ㝿஺ὶᇶ㔠ࡢ࢔ࢪ࢔ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡜⤌ࢇ࡛ࠊᖺࡢኟ࡟ࠊභᮏᮌࡢ᳃⨾⾡㤋࡜୍⥴࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊ࢔ࢭ࢔ࣥ  ࢝ᅜࡢ⌧௦࢔࣮ࢺࡢᒎぴ఍ࢆ኱つᶍ࡟୧ᖺࡢኟ࡟ࠊභᮏᮌࡢ᳃⨾⾡㤋࡜୍⥴࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊ࢔ࢭ࢔ࣥ  ࢝ᅜࡢ⌧௦࢔࣮ࢺࡢᒎぴ఍ࢆ኱つᶍ࡟୧㤋ྠ᫬࡟㛤ദࡋࡲࡍࠋභᮏᮌ⏺㝰ࢆ࢔ࢪ࢔୍Ⰽ࡟ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡣࡌࡵ

㤋ྠ᫬࡟㛤ദࡋࡲࡍࠋභᮏᮌ⏺㝰ࢆ࢔ࢪ࢔୍Ⰽ࡟ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡣࡌࡵ

࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ィ⏬ࢆ࠸ࡲ⪃࠼࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ィ⏬ࢆ࠸ࡲ⪃࠼࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࡓࡔࠊ࢔࣮ࢺࡢഃ࠿ࡽぢࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅࡜೺ᖖ⪅࡜ศࡅࡿࡢ࡟ࡣ㐪࿴ឤࡶ࠶ࡿࠋᇶᮏⓗ࡟ศࡅࡿࡓࡔࠊ࢔࣮ࢺࡢഃ࠿ࡽぢࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅࡜೺ᖖ⪅࡜ศࡅࡿࡢ࡟ࡣ㐪࿴ឤࡶ࠶ࡿࠋᇶᮏⓗ࡟ศࡅࡿᚲせࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ᮶ᖺࠊ ᖺ࡟ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿ⌧௦࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺࡢᚲせࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ᮶ᖺࠊ ᖺ࡟ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿ⌧௦࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺࡢ

ⲡ㛫ᙗ⏕ᒎࠊⲡ㛫ᙗ⏕ࡉࢇࡢᒎぴ఍ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ୍᫖ᖺࠊ඲ୡ⏺ࡢ᭱ࡶほᐈࢆ㞟ࡵⲡ㛫ᙗ⏕ᒎࠊⲡ㛫ᙗ⏕ࡉࢇࡢᒎぴ఍ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ୍᫖ᖺࠊ඲ୡ⏺ࡢ᭱ࡶほᐈࢆ㞟ࡵࡓ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣⲡ㛫ᙗ⏕࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡼࠋ⚾ࡶࣈ࢚ࣀࢫ࢔࢖ࣞࢫࡲ࡛ぢ࡟⾜ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ⌧௦ࡓ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣⲡ㛫ᙗ⏕࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡼࠋ⚾ࡶࣈ࢚ࣀࢫ࢔࢖ࣞࢫࡲ࡛ぢ࡟⾜ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ⌧௦⨾⾡㤋࡛ⲡ㛫ᙗ⏕ᒎࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㛗⺬ࡢิ࡛ࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿ධࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ⏫࡟ࡣࡎ࣮ࡗ࡜ⲡ㛫⨾⾡㤋࡛ⲡ㛫ᙗ⏕ᒎࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㛗⺬ࡢิ࡛ࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿ධࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ⏫࡟ࡣࡎ࣮ࡗ࡜ⲡ㛫ᙗ⏕ᒎࡢࢳࣛࢩࡀฟ࡚ࡿࡋࠊ᪝࡞ࢇ࠿ࡶฟ࡚ࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ኱ኚ࡞ேẼ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡣࣛࢸࣥ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝

ᙗ⏕ᒎࡢࢳࣛࢩࡀฟ࡚ࡿࡋࠊ᪝࡞ࢇ࠿ࡶฟ࡚ࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ኱ኚ࡞ேẼ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡣࣛࢸࣥ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝

ࢶ࢔࣮ࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃࢶ࢔࣮ࠊ᪥ᮏࢶ࢔࣮ࡶࡸࡗࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ኱ኚ࡞ேẼ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࢶ࢔࣮ࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃࢶ࢔࣮ࠊ᪥ᮏࢶ࢔࣮ࡶࡸࡗࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ኱ኚ࡞ேẼ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࡓࡔࠊࡇࡢ᪉ࡣ࠾ࡶࡋࢁࡃ࡚ࠊ⢭⚄⑓㝔ࡢ୍ᐊ࡟ఫࢇ࡛࡚ࠊ⮬ศࡢ࢔ࢺ࢚ࣜ࡟⢭⚄⑓㝔࠿ࡽ㏻ࡗ

ࡓࡔࠊࡇࡢ᪉ࡣ࠾ࡶࡋࢁࡃ࡚ࠊ⢭⚄⑓㝔ࡢ୍ᐊ࡟ఫࢇ࡛࡚ࠊ⮬ศࡢ࢔ࢺ࢚ࣜ࡟⢭⚄⑓㝔࠿ࡽ㏻ࡗ

࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ឤぬ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿࡞࠿೺ᖖ⪅࡜ゝ࠼࡞࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ឤぬ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿࡞࠿೺ᖖ⪅࡜ゝ࠼࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡔࡅ࡝ࠊ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺㒊ศࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚࠾࠿ࡋࡃ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ

࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡔࡅ࡝ࠊ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺㒊ศࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚࠾࠿ࡋࡃ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ

55࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ౛࠼ࡤ㎷஭ఙ⾜ࡉࢇࡢࡼ࠺࡞඲┣ࡢࣆ࢔ࢽࢫࢺࠊࡍࡤࡽࡋ࠸࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺࡀ࠸ࡲ

࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ౛࠼ࡤ㎷஭ఙ⾜ࡉࢇࡢࡼ࠺࡞඲┣ࡢࣆ࢔ࢽࢫࢺࠊࡍࡤࡽࡋ࠸࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺࡀ࠸ࡲ

ࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ⏬ᐙࡔ࡜࣮ࣟࢺࣞࢵࢡ࡜࠿ࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽⓙࡉࢇࡶዲࡁ࡞ࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢽࢫࢺࡢ࢖ࢶ࢓࣮ࢡ࣭ࣃ

ࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ⏬ᐙࡔ࡜࣮ࣟࢺࣞࢵࢡ࡜࠿ࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽⓙࡉࢇࡶዲࡁ࡞ࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢽࢫࢺࡢ࢖ࢶ࢓࣮ࢡ࣭ࣃ

࣮࣐ࣝࣥ࡞ࢇ࠿ࡶ࠸ࡘࡶ㌴࠸ࡍ࡛₇ዌࡋ࡚ࡲࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ⨾ࡣ࡝ࡇ࡟ᐟࡿ࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࡇࢁ

࣮࣐ࣝࣥ࡞ࢇ࠿ࡶ࠸ࡘࡶ㌴࠸ࡍ࡛₇ዌࡋ࡚ࡲࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ⨾ࡣ࡝ࡇ࡟ᐟࡿ࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࡇࢁ

ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊవࡾ೺ᖖ⪅࡜࠿㞀ᐖ⪅࡜࠿ศࡅࡿࡢࡣ൅ࡣ࠾࠿ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊవࡾ೺ᖖ⪅࡜࠿㞀ᐖ⪅࡜࠿ศࡅࡿࡢࡣ൅ࡣ࠾࠿ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢศ㔝ࡶᮏ᮶ࡑ࠺࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࣁࣥࢹ࢕ࡀ࠶ࡿேࡀ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟ᣮᡓࡍࡿ

࡛ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢศ㔝ࡶᮏ᮶ࡑ࠺࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࣁࣥࢹ࢕ࡀ࠶ࡿேࡀ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟ᣮᡓࡍࡿ

ࡇ࡜࡟ព࿡ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⚾ࡣᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࡇ࡜࡟ព࿡ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⚾ࡣᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜࢔࣮ࢺࢆศࡅࡿࡢࡣ⚾ࡣ࠾࠿ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ࢔ࢫࣜ

ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜࢔࣮ࢺࢆศࡅࡿࡢࡣ⚾ࡣ࠾࠿ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ࢔ࢫࣜ

࣮ࢺ࡜࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺ࡜ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ఝ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇ㌟యⓗ࡞カ⦎ࠊ㘫⦎ࠊࡇࢀࡀᇶ

࣮ࢺ࡜࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺ࡜ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ఝ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇ㌟యⓗ࡞カ⦎ࠊ㘫⦎ࠊࡇࢀࡀᇶ

ᮏ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺࡶᇶᮏⓗ࡞㈨ᮏࡣయ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡼࠋ㌟యࠊ⫗యࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊ᪥ᮏࡢḷ⯙ᮏ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺࡶᇶᮏⓗ࡞㈨ᮏࡣయ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡼࠋ㌟యࠊ⫗యࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊ᪥ᮏࡢḷ⯙ఄࡢᙺ⪅ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⬟ࡢᙺ⪅ࠊࡇࡢேࡓࡕࡣ㌟యⓗ࡞ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢆࡋ࡞࠸࡜࠶ࡢᙧࡣࡘࡃࢀࡲࡏ

ఄࡢᙺ⪅ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⬟ࡢᙺ⪅ࠊࡇࡢேࡓࡕࡣ㌟యⓗ࡞ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢆࡋ࡞࠸࡜࠶ࡢᙧࡣࡘࡃࢀࡲࡏ

ࢇࠋḷ⯙ఄࡢᙺ⪅ࡣ⯙ྎ࡛㸯᫬㛫௨ୖࡇ࠺ࡸࡗ࡚ࠊࣅࢩࢵ࡜ᚤື࡟ࡶࡋ࡞࠸࡛ᗙࡗ࡚ࡓࡾ❧ࡗ࡚ࡓࢇࠋḷ⯙ఄࡢᙺ⪅ࡣ⯙ྎ࡛㸯᫬㛫௨ୖࡇ࠺ࡸࡗ࡚ࠊࣅࢩࢵ࡜ᚤື࡟ࡶࡋ࡞࠸࡛ᗙࡗ࡚ࡓࡾ❧ࡗ࡚ࡓࡾࡍࡿ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ࠶ࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜୍⯡ࡢே࡟ࡣ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇࡼࠋ࠶ࢀࡣࡼ࡯࡝㘫㘐ࡋ࡚࡞࠸࡜࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡾࡍࡿ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ࠶ࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜୍⯡ࡢே࡟ࡣ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇࡼࠋ࠶ࢀࡣࡼ࡯࡝㘫㘐ࡋ࡚࡞࠸࡜࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ

⬟࡞ࢇ࠿ࡢᙧࢆỴࡵࡿࡢࡶࠊࡇࢀࡶࡶ࠺ࠊ⫗యⓗ࡞㘫㘐ࡀ࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࣂ࢚ࣞ࡜

⬟࡞ࢇ࠿ࡢᙧࢆỴࡵࡿࡢࡶࠊࡇࢀࡶࡶ࠺ࠊ⫗యⓗ࡞㘫㘐ࡀ࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࣂ࢚ࣞ࡜

࠿ࡡࠊ⯙㋃ࠊ⯙㋀࡜࡞ࢀࡤࠊ⫗యⓗ࡞᪥ࡈࢁࡢ㘫㘐ࡀ඲㒊࢔࣮ࢺ࡟ࠊᙧ࡜ࡋ࡚จ⦰ࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋ

࠿ࡡࠊ⯙㋃ࠊ⯙㋀࡜࡞ࢀࡤࠊ⫗యⓗ࡞᪥ࡈࢁࡢ㘫㘐ࡀ඲㒊࢔࣮ࢺ࡟ࠊᙧ࡜ࡋ࡚จ⦰ࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋ

ࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛㐩ᡂࡋࡓࡍࡤࡽࡋ࠸ᙧ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ᏶඲࡟⨾࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛㐩ᡂࡋࡓࡍࡤࡽࡋ࠸ᙧ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ᏶඲࡟⨾࡛ࡍࡡࠋே㛫ࡢ⨾࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀࡑࡇ࡟ฟ࡚ࡃࡿࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊ࢔࣮ࢺࡢ⨾࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⨾࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࡝ࡇ࠿࡛ᇶ

ே㛫ࡢ⨾࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀࡑࡇ࡟ฟ࡚ࡃࡿࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊ࢔࣮ࢺࡢ⨾࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⨾࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࡝ࡇ࠿࡛ᇶ

ᮏⓗ࡟ࡣఝ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ୧᪉࡜ࡶ✲ᴟⓗ࡞┠ⓗ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣே㛫ࡢ⢭⚄࡜⫗యࡢ⥲ྜᮏⓗ࡟ࡣఝ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ୧᪉࡜ࡶ✲ᴟⓗ࡞┠ⓗ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣே㛫ࡢ⢭⚄࡜⫗యࡢ⥲ྜຊ࡟ࡼࡿ⨾ࡢ㏣ồࡔ࡜⚾ࡣᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓⅬ࡛㏆௦࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊ≉࡟⌧௦࢜ࣜࣥຊ࡟ࡼࡿ⨾ࡢ㏣ồࡔ࡜⚾ࡣᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓⅬ࡛㏆௦࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊ≉࡟⌧௦࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࠿ࡽ⨾ࡢ㏣ồ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࡀኻࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࡢࡣࡲࡇ࡜࡟ṧᛕ࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ

ࣆࢵࢡ࠿ࡽ⨾ࡢ㏣ồ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࡀኻࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࡢࡣࡲࡇ࡜࡟ṧᛕ࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ

 ᖺࡢᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࠸ࢃࡺࡿ೺ᖖ⪅࡜࠿㞀ᐖ⪅ ᖺࡢᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࠸ࢃࡺࡿ೺ᖖ⪅࡜࠿㞀ᐖ⪅࡜࠿࡟ศࡅࡿࡢࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊே㛫ࡀ㐩ᡂࡍࡿ⢭⚄࡜⫗యࡢ  ࡘࡢ⥲ྜⓗ࡞⨾ࡢ㏣ồ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡜࠿࡟ศࡅࡿࡢࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊே㛫ࡀ㐩ᡂࡍࡿ⢭⚄࡜⫗యࡢ  ࡘࡢ⥲ྜⓗ࡞⨾ࡢ㏣ồ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ  ࡘࡢ኱ࡁ࡞┠ᶆ࡟ᥖࡆ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡛ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ  ࡘࡢ኱ࡁ࡞┠ᶆ࡟ᥖࡆ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࠕᩥ໬ຊ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ⚾ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶᩥ໬࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⏦ࠕᩥ໬ຊ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ⚾ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶᩥ໬࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⏦ࡋୖࡆࡓ࠸ࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇ࢔࣮ࢺࡶᩥ໬࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶ࢔࣮ࢺࡶᇶᮏⓗ࡟ே㛫ࡀࡘࡃࡾࡔࡋ

ࡋୖࡆࡓ࠸ࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇ࢔࣮ࢺࡶᩥ໬࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶ࢔࣮ࢺࡶᇶᮏⓗ࡟ே㛫ࡀࡘࡃࡾࡔࡋ

ࡓᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢᩥ໬ࡢ୰࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶ࠶ࢀࡤ࢔࣮ࢺࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛

ࡓᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢᩥ໬ࡢ୰࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶ࠶ࢀࡤ࢔࣮ࢺࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛

࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᖺࡀ⤊ࢃࡗ࡚ࡶࠊࡑࢀ࡛ࡍ࡭࡚ࡀ⤊ࢃࡿࢃࡅࡌ

ࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᖺࡀ⤊ࢃࡗ࡚ࡶࠊࡑࢀ࡛ࡍ࡭࡚ࡀ⤊ࢃࡿࢃࡅࡌ

ࡷ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ኱఍࡛ࡣࡑࢀ࡛⤊ࢃࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡅ࡝ࠊ኱Ꮫࡶ⨾⾡㤋࡞࡝ࡢᩥ໬᪋

ࡷ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ኱఍࡛ࡣࡑࢀ࡛⤊ࢃࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡅ࡝ࠊ኱Ꮫࡶ⨾⾡㤋࡞࡝ࡢᩥ໬᪋タࡶࠊࡲࡍࡲࡍࡇࢀ࠿ࡽᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࠸ࡅࡲࡏࢇࡢ࡛ࠊ༢࡟࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡸࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵタࡶࠊࡲࡍࡲࡍࡇࢀ࠿ࡽᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࠸ࡅࡲࡏࢇࡢ࡛ࠊ༢࡟࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡸࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵ

ࢡࡢࡓࡵ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ࠸ࢃࡤ᪥ᮏࡢࡓࡵୡ⏺ࡢࡓࡵ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ၥ㢟ࢆ㏣ồࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࢡࡢࡓࡵ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ࠸ࢃࡤ᪥ᮏࡢࡓࡵୡ⏺ࡢࡓࡵ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ၥ㢟ࢆ㏣ồࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ゝ࠺࡜ࠊ࡝࠺ࡶ⾲㠃ⓗ࡞࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ືࡁ࡟࡜ࡽࢃࢀࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࠶ࡿ

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ゝ࠺࡜ࠊ࡝࠺ࡶ⾲㠃ⓗ࡞࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ືࡁ࡟࡜ࡽࢃࢀࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࠶ࡿ

ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࠊே㛫ࡢ⥲ྜⓗ࡞⨾ࡢ㏣ồࡢ኱఍࡛࠶

ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࠊே㛫ࡢ⥲ྜⓗ࡞⨾ࡢ㏣ồࡢ኱఍࡛࠶

ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᨵࡵ࡚⏦ࡋୖࡆࡓ࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡇࡑ᪥ᮏࡢఏ⤫࡟ࡶࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ

ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᨵࡵ࡚⏦ࡋୖࡆࡓ࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡇࡑ᪥ᮏࡢఏ⤫࡟ࡶࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ

࡜ࢆࠊࡔࢀࡶゝࢃ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ゝࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲ

࡜ࢆࠊࡔࢀࡶゝࢃ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ゝࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲ

ࡋࡓࠋ

ࡋࡓࠋ

6

6

「Promotion of Inclusion Through Sports in Germany」「Promotion of Inclusion Through Sports in Germany」

Dr. Gudrun Doll-Tepper

Dr. Gudrun Doll-Tepper

Freie Universität Berlin, Prof.

Freie Universität Berlin, Prof.

German Olympic Sports Confederation, Vice-President

German Olympic Sports Confederation, Vice-President

1. Introduction

1. Introduction䢢䢢In the past, not all persons had access to participation in physical education and sport. This is

In the past, not all persons had access to participation in physical education and sport. This isparticularly true for persons with disabilities. The focus was very often placed on differences

particularly true for persons with disabilities. The focus was very often placed on differencesand disabilities whereas today emphasis is given to similarities and abilities of individuals andand disabilities whereas today emphasis is given to similarities and abilities of individuals andto the provision of inclusive rather than segregated settings.

to the provision of inclusive rather than segregated settings.

The integration of persons with different backgrounds and abilities into sport has a long

The integration of persons with different backgrounds and abilities into sport has a long

tradition in Germany. Currently, great efforts are being made to open the sport clubs to

tradition in Germany. Currently, great efforts are being made to open the sport clubs toeveryone who is interested to join and to ensure equal opportunities an access to all. During theeveryone who is interested to join and to ensure equal opportunities an access to all. During the1970’s and 1980’s many initiatives and programmes existed in Germany using the term

1970’s and 1980’s many initiatives and programmes existed in Germany using the term

“integration” when speaking about joint activities of persons with and without disabilities (e.g.

“integration” when speaking about joint activities of persons with and without disabilities (e.g.

Fediuk 1992; Scheid 1995; Beckmann/Ohlert 2002; Doll-Tepper 2002). From the 1990’s

Fediuk 1992; Scheid 1995; Beckmann/Ohlert 2002; Doll-Tepper 2002). From the 1990’s

onwards the term “inclusion” came gradually more in use in this context (e.g. Hinz 2002;

onwards the term “inclusion” came gradually more in use in this context (e.g. Hinz 2002;

Anneken 2013; Doll-Tepper 2014) and when addressing issues related to joint participation in

Anneken 2013; Doll-Tepper 2014) and when addressing issues related to joint participation in

sport with a focus on persons with immigrant background the term “integration” was and is

sport with a focus on persons with immigrant background the term “integration” was and isbeing used frequently (e.g. Kleindienst-Cachay 2007; Braun & Nobis 2011; Klein 2011).

being used frequently (e.g. Kleindienst-Cachay 2007; Braun & Nobis 2011; Klein 2011).

Currently, both terms “integration” and “inclusion” are being used in society, in general, and, inCurrently, both terms “integration” and “inclusion” are being used in society, in general, and, inparticular, in sport. Recent publications in this area have indicated that the term “inclusion”

particular, in sport. Recent publications in this area have indicated that the term “inclusion”

covers a broader range than “integration” (see Gieß-Stüber et al. 2014).

covers a broader range than “integration” (see Gieß-Stüber et al. 2014).

2. Historical developments

2. Historical developments

Although physical activities were already introduced as therapeutic means in the ancient world,

Although physical activities were already introduced as therapeutic means in the ancient world,

more attention was given to movement and sport as part of the rehabilitation process ofmore attention was given to movement and sport as part of the rehabilitation process ofwounded persons during and after World War I and World War II. Very often it is forgotten thatwounded persons during and after World War I and World War II. Very often it is forgotten thatdeaf persons established an international organisation, the “Comité International des Sport desdeaf persons established an international organisation, the “Comité International des Sport desSourds” (CISS), as early as in 1924 and started their first World Games in Paris in the same year.

Sourds” (CISS), as early as in 1924 and started their first World Games in Paris in the same year.

During World War II movement therapy and sport were used in the treatment of wounded

During World War II movement therapy and sport were used in the treatment of woundedsoldiers and civilians, however, there were enormous difficulties in providing sufficient medical

soldiers and civilians, however, there were enormous difficulties in providing sufficient medicalcare (Doll-Tepper & Pfister, 1990). A special problem was the medical treatment of woundedcare (Doll-Tepper & Pfister, 1990). A special problem was the medical treatment of wounded7

7

persons with spinal cord injuries. Guttmann (1979), a medical doctor at Stoke Mandevillepersons with spinal cord injuries. Guttmann (1979), a medical doctor at Stoke Mandeville

Hospital in England, introduced physical activity and even sporting competitions to spinal cord

Hospital in England, introduced physical activity and even sporting competitions to spinal cord

injured participants, thus introducing a new revolutionary concept of rehabilitation which was

injured participants, thus introducing a new revolutionary concept of rehabilitation which waslater also used in other countries, including Germany. Guttmann initiated sport competitions forlater also used in other countries, including Germany. Guttmann initiated sport competitions forspinal cord injured persons, the Stoke Mandeville Games, from 1948 onwards which later

spinal cord injured persons, the Stoke Mandeville Games, from 1948 onwards which later

became the Paralympic Games.

became the Paralympic Games.

3. Paralympic Sumer and Winter Games

3. Paralympic Sumer and Winter Games

German athletes participated in both Paralympic Summer and Winter Games. The first

German athletes participated in both Paralympic Summer and Winter Games. The first

Summer Paralympics were held in Rome, Italy, in 1960 and the first Winter Paralympics wereSummer Paralympics were held in Rome, Italy, in 1960 and the first Winter Paralympics wereorganised in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden. Between 1960 and 1988 athletes with disabilities inorganised in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden. Between 1960 and 1988 athletes with disabilities inGermany trained in most cases separately from the other athletes in their own sport groups or

Germany trained in most cases separately from the other athletes in their own sport groups or

disability sport clubs. Since the late 1980’s the concept of integration was introduced in somedisability sport clubs. Since the late 1980’s the concept of integration was introduced in some

sport federations and some sport clubs and increasingly athletes were included in sport centres

sport federations and some sport clubs and increasingly athletes were included in sport centres

and Olympic training centres. An important step in the process of greater acceptance of theand Olympic training centres. An important step in the process of greater acceptance of the

Paralympics within the world of Olympic sport was made when the city of Berlin, Germany, put

Paralympics within the world of Olympic sport was made when the city of Berlin, Germany, put

forward a bid to host the 2000 Olympic and Paralympic Games. In 1993, during the bid process,forward a bid to host the 2000 Olympic and Paralympic Games. In 1993, during the bid process,an international conference, called VISTA, was held in Jasper, Canada, which addressed issues

an international conference, called VISTA, was held in Jasper, Canada, which addressed issuesof high performance sport for athletes with disabilities (Steadward/Nelson & Wheeler 1994). In

of high performance sport for athletes with disabilities (Steadward/Nelson & Wheeler 1994). In

a presentation “Towards 2000 – the Paralympics” the following statement was made: “In its

a presentation “Towards 2000 – the Paralympics” the following statement was made: “In its

recent history, the Paralympics have been associated to a greater extent with the Olympic

recent history, the Paralympics have been associated to a greater extent with the Olympic

Games: in Seoul, 1988, the same sport facilities were used for both the Olympic and theGames: in Seoul, 1988, the same sport facilities were used for both the Olympic and theParalympic Games. In Barcelona, 1992, the Olympic Games and the Paralympic Games were

Paralympic Games. In Barcelona, 1992, the Olympic Games and the Paralympic Games were

hosted by the same Organising Committee. And in 1993, for the first time in history, the cities

hosted by the same Organising Committee. And in 1993, for the first time in history, the cities

bidding for the Olympic Games are discovering the Paralympics as a valuable part of their bids”

bidding for the Olympic Games are discovering the Paralympics as a valuable part of their bids”(Doll-Tepper/von Selzam 1994, 478). The authors then refer to a statement which was made by(Doll-Tepper/von Selzam 1994, 478). The authors then refer to a statement which was made by

the IOC President Juan Antonio Samaranch on the occasion of the Closing Ceremony of thethe IOC President Juan Antonio Samaranch on the occasion of the Closing Ceremony of theFirst Paralympic Congress in Barcelona 1992 in his closing address: “… We will try, … toFirst Paralympic Congress in Barcelona 1992 in his closing address: “… We will try, … toestablish a condition, recommending that the city that has the luck and the honour to be chosenestablish a condition, recommending that the city that has the luck and the honour to be chosen

for the Games of the year 2000 will also be obliged to organise the Paralympics (in this case thefor the Games of the year 2000 will also be obliged to organise the Paralympics (in this case the

XI Games) a few weeks later” (Samaranch 1993, 712). An interesting, sometimes controversial

XI Games) a few weeks later” (Samaranch 1993, 712). An interesting, sometimes controversial

debate took place at the VISTA conference and on many other occasions concerning thedebate took place at the VISTA conference and on many other occasions concerning therelations between the IOC and the IPC, in particular, with regard to the bidding process and therelations between the IOC and the IPC, in particular, with regard to the bidding process and thehosting of the Games, but also beyond the event.

hosting of the Games, but also beyond the event.

88At that time three scenarios were presented:

At that time three scenarios were presented:

Figure 1. Three scenarios for the relationship between the IOC and IPC

Figure 1. Three scenarios for the relationship between the IOC and IPC

Doll-Tepper/Von Selzam 1994, 486

Doll-Tepper/Von Selzam 1994, 486

It is interesting to note that other authors have addressed this relation more recently with

It is interesting to note that other authors have addressed this relation more recently withregard to the issue of inclusion. Legg/Fay/Wolff & Hums (2014) discuss the future scenarios inregard to the issue of inclusion. Legg/Fay/Wolff & Hums (2014) discuss the future scenarios intheir article “The International Olympic Committee – International Paralympic Committee

their article “The International Olympic Committee – International Paralympic Committee

Relationship: Past, Present and Future” and present five scenarios, reaching from maintaining

Relationship: Past, Present and Future” and present five scenarios, reaching from maintaining

the current status (status quo) to dissolving IOC-IPC strategic agreements and ending all

the current status (status quo) to dissolving IOC-IPC strategic agreements and ending all

Olympic support for the Paralympic Games after 2020.

Olympic support for the Paralympic Games after 2020.

4. Sport for persons with an intellectual/learning disability

4. Sport for persons with an intellectual/learning disability

In Germany, persons with an intellectual disability can practice sport in an inclusive sport club

In Germany, persons with an intellectual disability can practice sport in an inclusive sport clubor setting, in a sport club for persons with disabilities or they can join a programme of Special

or setting, in a sport club for persons with disabilities or they can join a programme of Special

Olympics. As early as in 1977 a sport club in Göttingen, Germany, opened its door for young

Olympics. As early as in 1977 a sport club in Göttingen, Germany, opened its door for young

people with an intellectual disability. The parents of a young boy Andreas and authors of a bookpeople with an intellectual disability. The parents of a young boy Andreas and authors of a bookentitled “It all started with Andreas” (Mit Andreas fing alles an) (Mentz/Mentz 1982) describe

entitled “It all started with Andreas” (Mit Andreas fing alles an) (Mentz/Mentz 1982) describe

the historical moment when their son and other children with disabilities first joined the oldest

the historical moment when their son and other children with disabilities first joined the oldest

sport club in Göttingen “Turngemeinde Göttingen von 1846” on 3 March 1977. This initiative

sport club in Göttingen “Turngemeinde Göttingen von 1846” on 3 March 1977. This initiative

had many followers all over Germany and many sport clubs offered inclusive sport called

had many followers all over Germany and many sport clubs offered inclusive sport called“Integrationssport”.

“Integrationssport”.

99

Athletes with intellectual disabilities from Germany participated in previous Paralympic

Athletes with intellectual disabilities from Germany participated in previous Paralympic

Games, except during the period after the Sydney Paralympic Games 2000. At that time theseGames, except during the period after the Sydney Paralympic Games 2000. At that time theseathletes (INAS) were not allowed to participate until the London 2012 Paralympic Games whenathletes (INAS) were not allowed to participate until the London 2012 Paralympic Games whenthese athletes reentered the Games. A larger community of athletes with intellectual disabilities

these athletes reentered the Games. A larger community of athletes with intellectual disabilities

are part of Special Olympics Germany with the opportunity to compete at local, national or evenare part of Special Olympics Germany with the opportunity to compete at local, national or eveninternational level, the Special Olympics World Games. The sports programme has beeninternational level, the Special Olympics World Games. The sports programme has been

extended in recent years, in particular, by introducing the “Unified Sports Programme” in which

extended in recent years, in particular, by introducing the “Unified Sports Programme” in whichathletes with and without intellectual disabilities compete together in a team, e.g. in tennis,

athletes with and without intellectual disabilities compete together in a team, e.g. in tennis,basketball, volleyball etc.

basketball, volleyball etc.

Special Olympics Germany is organising National Games bi-annually, very often inSpecial Olympics Germany is organising National Games bi-annually, very often in

conjunction with a congress, which brings together experts from different disciplines andconjunction with a congress, which brings together experts from different disciplines andpersons with intellectual disabilities. In order to ensure that all participants can follow thepersons with intellectual disabilities. In order to ensure that all participants can follow thelectures, the presentations are given in two forms: in regular language and in “easy-to-lectures, the presentations are given in two forms: in regular language and in “easy-to-understand”-language.

understand”-language.

5. Sport for all

5. Sport for all

The Sport for all movement has a long tradition in Germany and started with recreational

The Sport for all movement has a long tradition in Germany and started with recreational

activities already in the 1960’s. The term “Sport” is understood in the broadest sense

activities already in the 1960’s. The term “Sport” is understood in the broadest sense(Hartmann-Tews 1996), which includes a variety of physical activities and is not necessarily(Hartmann-Tews 1996), which includes a variety of physical activities and is not necessarily

connected to competition. The so-called Trimm Campaign, initiated by Jürgen Palm (Palm

connected to competition. The so-called Trimm Campaign, initiated by Jürgen Palm (Palm

1991) in Germany, was used as an instrument for communicating the values and programmes of1991) in Germany, was used as an instrument for communicating the values and programmes ofsport to the life quality enhancement of the general population” (Palm 1991, 68). This concept

sport to the life quality enhancement of the general population” (Palm 1991, 68). This concept

was the basis for the inclusion of various groups in society into sport and aimed at empowering

was the basis for the inclusion of various groups in society into sport and aimed at empowering

people of different levels of performance, interests, abilities, cultural and religious backgrounds.

people of different levels of performance, interests, abilities, cultural and religious backgrounds.

The idea and concept of “Sport for All” had an enormous impact on developments in Germany

The idea and concept of “Sport for All” had an enormous impact on developments in Germany

and in many other countries around the world and is still expanding. It is interesting to note thatand in many other countries around the world and is still expanding. It is interesting to note that

the TRIMMY, the mascot of the Sport for All Movement, in the early days, is now the mascot

the TRIMMY, the mascot of the Sport for All Movement, in the early days, is now the mascotof the German Olympic Sports Confederation.

of the German Olympic Sports Confederation.

10

10

Figurre 2.

Figurre 2.

6. Th
he German SportS
Systemm – Past andd present

6. Th
he German SportS
Systemm – Past andd present

Afteer World Waar II German
ny was divideed into the FederalF
Repu
ublic of Germ
many and Geerman

Afteer World Waar II German
ny was divideed into the FederalF
Repu
ublic of Germ
many and Geerman

Demoocratic Repuublic. In bothh countries thhe sport systeems developed in differennt ways, howwever,

Demoocratic Repuublic. In bothh countries thhe sport systeems developed in differennt ways, howwever,

despiite several deecades of sep
paration, thee unification process in 1989/1990
1w
went fast andd quitedespiite several deecades of sep
paration, thee unification process in 1989/1990
1w
went fast andd quitesucceessful. The sportssystemm of the Gerrman Democcratic Repub
blic became part of the sport

succeessful. The sportssystemm of the Gerrman Democcratic Repub
blic became part of the sportsystemm of the Fedderal Republic of Germanny and in the late 1990’ss and early 22000’s discussions

systemm of the Fedderal Republic of Germanny and in the late 1990’ss and early 22000’s discussions

starteed to merge the “Germann Sports Connfederation” (Deutscher Sportbund) and the “Naational

starteed to merge the “Germann Sports Connfederation” (Deutscher Sportbund) and the “Naational

Olymmpic Committtee for Germmany” (Natioonales Olymp
pisches Kom
mitee für Deuutschland) intto one

Olym
mpic Committtee for Germmany” (Natioonales Olymp
pisches Kom
mitee für Deuutschland) intto one

umbrrella organisaation.

umbrrella organisaation.

On 266 May 2006 the German Sports Conffederation annd the Nation
nal Olympic C
Committee forf

On 266 May 2006 the German Sports Conffederation annd the Nation
nal Olympic C
Committee forfGermmany merged into the Gerrman Olympiic Sports Confederation. This was doone at their jo
oint

Germ
many merged into the Gerrman Olympiic Sports Confederation. This was doone at their jo
ointwish and in orderr to strengtheen organised sport in the Federal Repu
ublic of Germ
many.

wish and in orderr to strengtheen organised sport in the Federal Repu
ublic of Germ
many.

Figurre 3. System of the organ
nised sport inn Germany

Figurre 3. System of the organ
nised sport inn Germany

1111

Mainn goals of thiss merging prrocess were:Mainn goals of thiss merging prrocess were:

Reduuction of num
mber of commmittees

Reduuction of num
mber of commmittees

Clearr separation ofo strategic anda operationnal responsib
bilities

Clearr separation ofo strategic anda operationnal responsib
bilities

Strenngthening thee professionaal approachess

Strenngthening thee professionaal approachess

Fasteer decisions

Fasteer decisions

Efficiient forms off control

Efficiient forms off control

Transsparency/Codde of ethics

Transsparency/Codde of ethics

Goodd governancee

Goodd governancee

etc.

etc.

Figurre 4. The Orgganisation off DOS

Figurre 4. The Orgganisation off DOS

Highh performancce sport/Olym
mpic sport pplays an impo
ortant role inn the Germann Olympic Sp
ports

Highh performancce sport/Olym
mpic sport pplays an impo
ortant role inn the Germann Olympic Sp
ports

Confe
federation. Spport developm
ment, howevver, is of equ
ual importancce. It includees:

Confe
federation. Spport developm
ment, howevver, is of equ
ual importancce. It includees:ͲSSport facilities and environmentͲSSport facilities and environmentͲH
Health and fitnessfiͲH
Health and fitnessfi

ͲS
School sports/physical ed
ducation

ͲS
School sports/physical ed
ducationͲ

W
Women and equal opporttunities

ͲW
Women and equal opporttunities

Ͳ

IIntegration/innclusion throough sportsͲIIntegration/innclusion throough sports

ͲS
Sports for the elderlyͲSSports for the elderlyͲF
Family and sportssͲF
Family and sportssͲP
Persons withh disabilities

ͲP
Persons withh disabilities

ͲP
Persons withh immigrant backgrounds
b
s

Ͳ

P
Persons withh immigrant backgrounds
b
s

Ͳ

eetc.

Ͳ

eetc.

12

12

An iimportant iniitiative in Geerman Sportss is the “Germman Sports Badge”
B(Deuutsches

An iimportant iniitiative in Geerman Sportss is the “Germman Sports Badge”
B(Deuutsches

Sporttabzeichen), which started already in 1913.

Sporttabzeichen), which started already in 1913.

The individual sportivesability is assesse d within four sports and their main diisciplines:

The individual sportivesability is assesse d within four sports and their main diisciplines:Ͳ

Athletics

Ͳ

Athletics

Ͳ

CyclingͲCyclingͲSwimmingͲ

SwimmingͲGymnasticss

Ͳ

Gymnasticss

withh different peerformance requirements according too age, genderr, and disabi lity on three

withh different peerformance requirements according too age, genderr, and disabi lity on threedifferrent levels: bronze,bsilverr, and gold.

differrent levels: bronze,bsilverr, and gold.

In 2 015, the Gerrman Sports Badge
B
Tour focussed on inclusion whhich means tthat participaants

In 2 015, the Gerrman Sports Badge
B
Tour focussed on inclusion whhich means tthat participaantswith and without disabilities had
h the oppoortunity to geet a badge in gold, silver oor bronze.

with and without disabilities had
h the oppoortunity to geet a badge in gold, silver oor bronze.

7. Toowards inclu
usion in sporrt

7. Toowards inclu
usion in sporrt

In G
Germany, spoort clubs hav
ve a long traddition in offeering activitiies for everyyone. As desccribed

In G
Germany, spoort clubs hav
ve a long traddition in offeering activitiies for everyyone. As desccribedearlieer persons withw
disabilities were meembers of innclusive sporrt clubs sincce the 1970’s, butearlieer persons withw
disabilities were meembers of innclusive sporrt clubs sincce the 1970’s, but

1313

they had their own sport clubs also under the umbrella of the “German Disability Sport

they had their own sport clubs also under the umbrella of the “German Disability Sport

Organisation” (Deutscher Behindertensportverband).

Organisation” (Deutscher Behindertensportverband).

The adoption of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities was an

The adoption of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities was animportant milestone. It got into force in March 2009 in Germany and created a new momentum

important milestone. It got into force in March 2009 in Germany and created a new momentum

for the implementation of equality.

for the implementation of equality.

Representatives of the German Olympic Sports Confederation and the three German Disability

Representatives of the German Olympic Sports Confederation and the three German Disability

Sport Organisations, that are the “German Disability Sport Organisation” (Deutscher

Sport Organisations, that are the “German Disability Sport Organisation” (Deutscher

Behinderten-Sportverband), the “German Deaf Sport Organisation” (Deutscher Gehörlosen-

Behinderten-Sportverband), the “German Deaf Sport Organisation” (Deutscher Gehörlosen-Sportverband), and “Special Olympics Germany” (Special Olympics Deutschland) prepared aSportverband), and “Special Olympics Germany” (Special Olympics Deutschland) prepared afirst document to explain “Inclusion in sport” and published it in 2013. This was followed by afirst document to explain “Inclusion in sport” and published it in 2013. This was followed by a“Position statement on inclusion” which was unanimously adopted by the General Assembly of“Position statement on inclusion” which was unanimously adopted by the General Assembly of

the German Olympic Sport Confederation in December 2013. Based on these documents a

the German Olympic Sport Confederation in December 2013. Based on these documents aworking group in 2014 prepared a strategic paper for the period of 2015 - 2018 which is

working group in 2014 prepared a strategic paper for the period of 2015 - 2018 which iscurrently being implemented by the member organisations.

currently being implemented by the member organisations.

Here are a few practical examples:

Here are a few practical examples:

German Hockey Federation (Deutscher Hockey-Bund)

German Hockey Federation (Deutscher Hockey-Bund)ͲChildren and young persons with disabilities can choose to play hockeyͲChildren and young persons with disabilities can choose to play hockeyx

as part of a disability sport programme orx

as part of a disability sport programme orx

as part of an inclusive sport programmex

as part of an inclusive sport programme

German Football Federation (Deutscher Fußball-Bund)

German Football Federation (Deutscher Fußball-Bund)Ͳ

Publication of examples of good practiceͲ

Publication of examples of good practiceͲImplementation of “inclusion coordinators”

ͲImplementation of “inclusion coordinators”

Ͳ

Publication of a manual for football for blind athletesͲ

Publication of a manual for football for blind athletesͲ

Publication of documents in “easy to understand language”

ͲPublication of documents in “easy to understand language”

Concerning the usage of terms there is still some irritation: What is the difference between

Concerning the usage of terms there is still some irritation: What is the difference between

integration and inclusion? A group of experts has reviewed literature and has put together aintegration and inclusion? A group of experts has reviewed literature and has put together adocument with recommendations (Gieß-Stüber et al. 2014) concerning the terms “integration”,

document with recommendations (Gieß-Stüber et al. 2014) concerning the terms “integration”,“inclusion”, “diversity” and “intercultural learning”. Despite the experts’ recommendations, that“inclusion”, “diversity” and “intercultural learning”. Despite the experts’ recommendations, that“inclusion” has the broadest meaning and includes ALL, currently in German sports “integration”“inclusion” has the broadest meaning and includes ALL, currently in German sports “integration”

is being used with regard to persons with immigrant backgrounds and “inclusion” is used in theis being used with regard to persons with immigrant backgrounds and “inclusion” is used in thecontext of persons with disabilities. It remains to be seen if within the next years thecontext of persons with disabilities. It remains to be seen if within the next years therecommendations of the experts will be introduced in sport programmes and in the use ofrecommendations of the experts will be introduced in sport programmes and in the use ofterminology within the sport organisations and their supporting/funding agencies.

terminology within the sport organisations and their supporting/funding agencies.

14148. The outlook

8. The outlook

It is our goal to make progress towards the full inclusion of persons, in particular, persons with

It is our goal to make progress towards the full inclusion of persons, in particular, persons withdisabilities and persons with immigrant backgrounds in all areas of society, including physicaldisabilities and persons with immigrant backgrounds in all areas of society, including physicaleducation and sport. Therefore, we have to increase our efforts with regard toeducation and sport. Therefore, we have to increase our efforts with regard toͲEmpowerment of persons who have not yet full access to sportͲEmpowerment of persons who have not yet full access to sportͲImproved qualifications of professionals (teachers, instructors, coaches etc.)ͲImproved qualifications of professionals (teachers, instructors, coaches etc.)

ͲAccessibility of sport and recreation facilities and venuesͲAccessibility of sport and recreation facilities and venues

Ͳ

Availability of and access to informationͲAvailability of and access to informationͲ

Organisation of inclusive sport eventsͲ

Organisation of inclusive sport eventsͲ

Intensified cooperation and networking with governmental and non-governmental agencies

ͲIntensified cooperation and networking with governmental and non-governmental agencies

Ͳ

Increased media coverage andͲIncreased media coverage andͲ

Monitoring and evaluation of initiatives and programmes.

ͲMonitoring and evaluation of initiatives and programmes.

A huge challenge for German society and for German sport is the large number of refugees

A huge challenge for German society and for German sport is the large number of refugees

entering the country. New initiatives have been started to include refugees in the sport clubs, inentering the country. New initiatives have been started to include refugees in the sport clubs, insome cases connecting sport with language programmes. Sport is seen as an excellent mediatorsome cases connecting sport with language programmes. Sport is seen as an excellent mediator

between people with different abilities, different languages and cultures and it is the aim to put

between people with different abilities, different languages and cultures and it is the aim to put

the motto “A Culture of Welcome” in society, in general and in sport, in particular, into practice.

the motto “A Culture of Welcome” in society, in general and in sport, in particular, into practice.

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Centre.

Centre.

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



「文化としての障害者スポーツ」「文化としての障害者スポーツ」
藤田 紀昭

藤田 紀昭

同志社大学教授

同志社大学教授ᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

ᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

㸦㸯㸧 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣᩥ໬ࡑࡢࡶࡢ

㸦㸯㸧 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣᩥ໬ࡑࡢࡶࡢ

ᩥ໬ࡣே㛫ࡀ⏕ࡁ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࡟ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ே㛫ࡢ⏕άࢆࡼࡾ㇏࠿࡟ࡋࠊ⏕άࡢ㉁ࢆ㧗ࡵࠊᩥ໬ࡣே㛫ࡀ⏕ࡁ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࡟ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ே㛫ࡢ⏕άࢆࡼࡾ㇏࠿࡟ࡋࠊ⏕άࡢ㉁ࢆ㧗ࡵࠊὙ⦎ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃ≀㉁ࡸไᗘࠊ⪃࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋᩥ໬ࡣ࠶ࡿ♫఍ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿேࠎ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ඹ᭷ࡉࢀࠊࡑ

Ὑ⦎ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃ≀㉁ࡸไᗘࠊ⪃࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋᩥ໬ࡣ࠶ࡿ♫఍ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿேࠎ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ඹ᭷ࡉࢀࠊࡑ

ࡇ࡟㛵ࢃࡿேࠎ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᑡࡋࡎࡘኚ໬ࡉࡏࡽࡋࡘࡘࡶࠊ
ୡ௦ࢆ㉸࠼࡚ఏᢎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇ࡟㛵ࢃࡿேࠎ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᑡࡋࡎࡘኚ໬ࡉࡏࡽࡋࡘࡘࡶࠊ
ୡ௦ࢆ㉸࠼࡚ఏᢎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᩥ໬ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡛௰㛫࡜ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆᴦ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᩥ໬ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡛௰㛫࡜ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆᴦ

ࡋࡴࠋᡓ⾡ࡸືࡁࢆὙ⦎ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛┦ᡭࢆ෽㥙ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ୰࡛㌟యࢆື࠿ࡍࡇ࡜ࡢ႐ࡧࢆ

ࡋࡴࠋᡓ⾡ࡸືࡁࢆὙ⦎ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛┦ᡭࢆ෽㥙ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ୰࡛㌟యࢆື࠿ࡍࡇ࡜ࡢ႐ࡧࢆ

࿡ࢃ࠺ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ㐣⛬ࡸ⤖ᯝࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࡀ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ⏕άࢆ㇏࠿࡟ࡋࠊே

࿡ࢃ࠺ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ㐣⛬ࡸ⤖ᯝࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࡀ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ⏕άࢆ㇏࠿࡟ࡋࠊே

㛫ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡟ࡣ஫࠸࡟ඹ᭷ࡍࡿ࣮ࣝࣝࡸ࣐ࢼ࣮࡜࠸ࡗࡓไᗘࠊࣛࢣࢵ

㛫ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡟ࡣ஫࠸࡟ඹ᭷ࡍࡿ࣮ࣝࣝࡸ࣐ࢼ࣮࡜࠸ࡗࡓไᗘࠊࣛࢣࢵ

ࢺࡸ㌴࠸ࡍࠊ࣮࣎ࣝ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ≀㉁ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࠊయࢆື࠿ࡍࡇ࡜ࢆᴦࡋࢇࡔࡾࠊࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚యຊࡸ೺

ࢺࡸ㌴࠸ࡍࠊ࣮࣎ࣝ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ≀㉁ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࠊయࢆື࠿ࡍࡇ࡜ࢆᴦࡋࢇࡔࡾࠊࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚యຊࡸ೺

ᗣࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡓࡾࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ⪃࠼᪉ࢆぢฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡣᑡࡋࡎࡘኚ໬ࡋࡘࡘࡶୡ௦ࢆ

ᗣࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡓࡾࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ⪃࠼᪉ࢆぢฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡣᑡࡋࡎࡘኚ໬ࡋࡘࡘࡶୡ௦ࢆ

㉸࠼࡚⥅ᢎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

㉸࠼࡚⥅ᢎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊᡃࡀᅜ࡛ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ᩥ໬ࢆูࡢࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡋࡤࡋࡤ࠶ࡿࠋᏛᰯࡢࢡࣛ

࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊᡃࡀᅜ࡛ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ᩥ໬ࢆูࡢࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡋࡤࡋࡤ࠶ࡿࠋᏛᰯࡢࢡࣛ

ࣈࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⣔㸦㐠ື㒊㸧࡜ᩥ໬⣔㸦ᩥ໬㒊㸧࡟ศࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡋࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᗇ࡜ᩥ໬ᗇࡣูࡢ⤌ࣈࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⣔㸦㐠ື㒊㸧࡜ᩥ໬⣔㸦ᩥ໬㒊㸧࡟ศࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡋࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᗇ࡜ᩥ໬ᗇࡣูࡢ⤌⧊࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊయ⫱఍⣔ࡢேࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜࠸࠼ࡤ㢌ࢆ౑࠺๓࡟యࢆ౑࠸ࠊᩥ໬⣔ࡢே࡜ࡣ཯ᑐࡢ

⧊࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊయ⫱఍⣔ࡢேࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜࠸࠼ࡤ㢌ࢆ౑࠺๓࡟యࢆ౑࠸ࠊᩥ໬⣔ࡢே࡜ࡣ཯ᑐࡢ

≉ᚩࢆࡶࡗࡓே࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡀࡕ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿႠࡳࡣ㡢ᴦࡸᩥᏛ࡞࡝௚ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ≉ᚩࢆࡶࡗࡓே࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡀࡕ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿႠࡳࡣ㡢ᴦࡸᩥᏛ࡞࡝௚ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ࡞Ⴀࡳࡼࡾࡶపࡃࡳࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ

࡞Ⴀࡳࡼࡾࡶపࡃࡳࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ

⏕⏘ᛶࡢప࠿ࡗࡓ᫬௦ࠊேࠎࡀḧồࢆᢚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃࠊ࠾ࡶࡴࡃࡲࡲ࡟⾜ືࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ᫬ࡢⅭ⏕⏘ᛶࡢప࠿ࡗࡓ᫬௦ࠊேࠎࡀḧồࢆᢚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃࠊ࠾ࡶࡴࡃࡲࡲ࡟⾜ືࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ᫬ࡢⅭᨻ⪅࠿ࡽࡳࢀࡤ㦫␗ࡔࡗࡓࠋḧồࢆ‶ࡓࡏ࡞࠸ᗢẸࡀ୙‶ࢆᣢࡕࠊ኱ࡁ࡞ຊ࡜࡞ࢀࡤᨭ㓄⪅ࡢᆅ఩ᨻ⪅࠿ࡽࡳࢀࡤ㦫␗ࡔࡗࡓࠋḧồࢆ‶ࡓࡏ࡞࠸ᗢẸࡀ୙‶ࢆᣢࡕࠊ኱ࡁ࡞ຊ࡜࡞ࢀࡤᨭ㓄⪅ࡢᆅ఩ࢆᦂࡿࡀࡋ࠿ࡡ࡞࠸࠿ࡽࡔࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࡑࡢḧồࢆᢚ࠼ࡓࡾࠊ⢭⚄࡜㌟యࡣูࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㌟

ࢆᦂࡿࡀࡋ࠿ࡡ࡞࠸࠿ࡽࡔࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࡑࡢḧồࢆᢚ࠼ࡓࡾࠊ⢭⚄࡜㌟యࡣูࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㌟

యࢆ⢭⚄ࡀࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝࡍ࡭ࡁࡶࡢ࡜࠸࠺ᚰ㌟஧ඖㄽࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡀ࡜ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ

యࢆ⢭⚄ࡀࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝࡍ࡭ࡁࡶࡢ࡜࠸࠺ᚰ㌟஧ඖㄽࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡀ࡜ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ

㌟య࡟㛵ࢃࡿ㐠ືࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣ⢭⚄ᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࡓ௚ࡢᩥ໬࡜ࡣ㐪࠺ࡶࡢࠊࡑࢀࡼࡾࡶ౯್ࡢ

㌟య࡟㛵ࢃࡿ㐠ືࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣ⢭⚄ᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࡓ௚ࡢᩥ໬࡜ࡣ㐪࠺ࡶࡢࠊࡑࢀࡼࡾࡶ౯್ࡢ

ప࠸ࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ⏕⏘ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ⤒῭ⓗ౯್ࡀ㔜どࡉࢀࡿ♫఍࡟࠾࠸࡚

ప࠸ࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ⏕⏘ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ⤒῭ⓗ౯್ࡀ㔜どࡉࢀࡿ♫఍࡟࠾࠸࡚

ࡣ⏕⏘ࢆకࢃ࡞࠸ࠊᾘ㈝ⓗ⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣࠕ࠾㐟ࡧࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚㐨ᚨⓗ࡟ࡶᝏ࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ࡉࢀࡓࡢ

ࡣ⏕⏘ࢆకࢃ࡞࠸ࠊᾘ㈝ⓗ⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣࠕ࠾㐟ࡧࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚㐨ᚨⓗ࡟ࡶᝏ࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ࡉࢀࡓࡢ

࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ඛ㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣᩥ໬ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋỴࡋ࡚௚ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ࡞Ⴀࡳ࡜ẚ࡭࡚౯್ࡢప࠸ࡶࡢ

ඛ㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣᩥ໬ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋỴࡋ࡚௚ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ࡞Ⴀࡳ࡜ẚ࡭࡚౯್ࡢప࠸ࡶࡢ

࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࠊே㛫ࡢ⮬↛࡞ḧồ࡛࠶ࡿయࢆື࠿ࡍࡇ࡜ࡢ႐ࡧࢆࡼࡾὙ⦎ࡉࢀࡓ᪉ἲ࡛‶࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࠊே㛫ࡢ⮬↛࡞ḧồ࡛࠶ࡿయࢆື࠿ࡍࡇ࡜ࡢ႐ࡧࢆࡼࡾὙ⦎ࡉࢀࡓ᪉ἲ࡛‶ࡓࡋࠊ௚⪅࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆసࡾࠊ
ேࠎࡢ⏕άࢆࡼࡾ㇏࠿࡞ࡶࡢ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ

ࡓࡋࠊ௚⪅࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆసࡾࠊ
ேࠎࡢ⏕άࢆࡼࡾ㇏࠿࡞ࡶࡢ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆே㛫࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᚲせ࡞౯್࠶ࡿࠊព⩏࠶ࡿᏑᅾ࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡯࠿࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆே㛫࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᚲせ࡞౯್࠶ࡿࠊព⩏࠶ࡿᏑᅾ࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡯࠿࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

䢢

䢢
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17

17

㸦㸰㸧 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢᵓᡂせ⣲㸦㸰㸧 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢᵓᡂせ⣲ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᢏ⾡࣭ᡓ␎࣭ᡓ⾡ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ≀ⓗ஦≀࡟ࡼࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᢏ⾡࣭ᡓ␎࣭ᡓ⾡ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ≀ⓗ஦≀࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほࡣ
ࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆே㛫࡜♫఍࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ព࿡௜ࡅࠊ

ࡗ࡚ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほࡣ
ࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆே㛫࡜♫఍࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ព࿡௜ࡅࠊ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆᨭᣢࡋࠊṇᙜ໬ࡍࡿほᛕࠖ㸦Ⳣཎ㸪㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞ࡐே㛫࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣᚲせ࡞ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆᨭᣢࡋࠊṇᙜ໬ࡍࡿほᛕࠖ㸦Ⳣཎ㸪㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞ࡐே㛫࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣᚲせ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠊ♫఍࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ꮡᅾព⩏ࢆᣢࡘࡢ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ࢆ♧ࡋࠊࡑࡢ࠿ࠊ♫఍࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ꮡᅾព⩏ࢆᣢࡘࡢ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ࢆ♧ࡋࠊࡑࡢព⩏ࡸ౯್ࡀᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ᪉ྥ࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡃ⪃࠼᪉ࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ព⩏ࡸ౯್ࡀᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ᪉ྥ࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡃ⪃࠼᪉ࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᡭẁㄽ࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽࡢ஧ࡘ࡟ศࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᡭẁㄽࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᡭẁㄽ࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽࡢ஧ࡘ࡟ศࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᡭẁㄽࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

ࢆ♫఍ⓗ࡟ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ௚ࡢ౯್࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡅࠊࡑࡢ♫఍ⓗ౯್ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡅࠊࢆ♫఍ⓗ࡟ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ௚ࡢ౯್࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡅࠊࡑࡢ♫఍ⓗ౯್ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡅࠊṇᙜ໬ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊ
ࠕே᱁ࡢ᏶ᡂࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊᖹ࿴࡛Ẹ୺ⓗ࡞ᅜᐙཬࡧ♫఍ࡢᙧᡂ⪅࡜ṇᙜ໬ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊ
ࠕே᱁ࡢ᏶ᡂࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊᖹ࿴࡛Ẹ୺ⓗ࡞ᅜᐙཬࡧ♫఍ࡢᙧᡂ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ᚲせ࡞㈨㉁ࢆഛ࠼ࡓᚰ㌟࡜ࡶ࡟೺ᗣ࡞ᅜẸࡢ⫱ᡂࠖ㸦ᩍ⫱ᇶᮏἲ➨  ᮲㸧ࡢࡓࡵࡢᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚఩ࡋ࡚ᚲせ࡞㈨㉁ࢆഛ࠼ࡓᚰ㌟࡜ࡶ࡟೺ᗣ࡞ᅜẸࡢ⫱ᡂࠖ㸦ᩍ⫱ᇶᮏἲ➨  ᮲㸧ࡢࡓࡵࡢᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣᩍ⫱ⓗ౯್࡜⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚ṇᙜ໬ࡉࢀࠊ
ࠕయ⫱ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ೺ᗣࡸ

⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣᩍ⫱ⓗ౯್࡜⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚ṇᙜ໬ࡉࢀࠊ
ࠕయ⫱ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ೺ᗣࡸ

యຊࡢ⥔ᣢቑ㐍ࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶྠᵝ࡟௚ࡢ♫఍ⓗ౯್࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡁࠊࡑࡢᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡃࡇయຊࡢ⥔ᣢቑ㐍ࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶྠᵝ࡟௚ࡢ♫఍ⓗ౯್࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡁࠊࡑࡢᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡃࡇ࡜࡛ṇᙜ໬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࡜࡛ṇᙜ໬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜⮬య࡟ព⩏࡜౯್ࢆぢฟࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢫ

ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜⮬య࡟ព⩏࡜౯್ࢆぢฟࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢫ

࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺㐣⛬࡛⤒㦂ࡍࡿ႐ࡧࡸᝒࡋࡳࠊᴦࡋࡳࡸⱞࡋࡳࠊẼᣢࡕࡢࡼࡉ࡟౯್ࢆㄆࡵࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺㐣⛬࡛⤒㦂ࡍࡿ႐ࡧࡸᝒࡋࡳࠊᴦࡋࡳࡸⱞࡋࡳࠊẼᣢࡕࡢࡼࡉ࡟౯್ࢆㄆࡵࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆṇᙜ໬ࡍࡿࡢࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࠕ࡜࡟࠿ࡃ㔝⌫ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᴦࡋ࠸ࠖࠕ↓ᚰ࡛ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆṇᙜ໬ࡍࡿࡢࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࠕ࡜࡟࠿ࡃ㔝⌫ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᴦࡋ࠸ࠖࠕ↓ᚰ࡛࣮࣎ࣝࢆ㏣࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࢧࢵ࣮࢝ࡢ㨩ຊࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽ࡟ືᶵ࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᐇ㊶

࣮࣎ࣝࢆ㏣࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࢧࢵ࣮࢝ࡢ㨩ຊࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽ࡟ືᶵ࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᐇ㊶࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ
ࠕࣜࣁࣅࣜࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᝈ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣐ࣥ࡜ࡋ

࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ
ࠕࣜࣁࣅࣜࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᝈ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣐ࣥ࡜ࡋ

࡚ࡳ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㑅ᡭࡢゝⴥࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ་⒪ⓗ࡞౯್࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚ṇᙜ໬࡚ࡳ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㑅ᡭࡢゝⴥࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ་⒪ⓗ࡞౯್࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚ṇᙜ໬ࡍࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᡭẁㄽ࠿ࡽࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜⮬య࡟౯್ࢆㄆࡵࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽ࡬ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほࡍࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᡭẁㄽ࠿ࡽࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜⮬య࡟౯್ࢆㄆࡵࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽ࡬ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほࡢኚ໬ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀ♫఍࡟࠾࠸࡚⮬❧ⓗ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋࠊ⊂⮬ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ౯್ࢆㄆࡵ

ࡢኚ໬ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀ♫఍࡟࠾࠸࡚⮬❧ⓗ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋࠊ⊂⮬ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ౯್ࢆㄆࡵ

ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ࡀከࡃࡢேࠎ࡟ㄆࡵࡽࢀࠊᣦᑟ⪅࠿ࡽ㑅ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ┠ⓗㄽ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ࡀከࡃࡢேࠎ࡟ㄆࡵࡽࢀࠊᣦᑟ⪅࠿ࡽ㑅ᡭ࡬ࡑࡋ࡚ḟࡢୡ௦࡬࡜⥅ᢎࡉࢀ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

ᡭ࡬ࡑࡋ࡚ḟࡢୡ௦࡬࡜⥅ᢎࡉࢀ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

௚ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ౯್࡜⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚ࡋ࠿ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ࡀぢ࠸ࡔࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤᩍ⫱ⓗ௚ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ౯್࡜⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚ࡋ࠿ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ࡀぢ࠸ࡔࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤᩍ⫱ⓗ౯್ࡢᐇ⌧ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ௨እࡢᡭẁࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠿ࠊ㔠࣓ࢲࣝࡀྲྀࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤᨻ἞

౯್ࡢᐇ⌧ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ௨እࡢᡭẁࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠿ࠊ㔠࣓ࢲࣝࡀྲྀࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤᨻ἞

ⓗࣉࣟࣃ࢞ࣥࢲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᏑᅾ౯್ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ࡉࢀࡓ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᏑᅾព⩏ࡶ࡞ࡃ࡞ⓗࣉࣟࣃ࢞ࣥࢲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᏑᅾ౯್ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ࡉࢀࡓ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᏑᅾព⩏ࡶ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⾜ࡁ㐣ࡂࡓၟᴗ୺⩏ࡸᨻ἞ⓗ࡞௓ධ࡟ࡼࡾࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⤖ᯝࡢࡳࡀ㔜せどࡉࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⾜ࡁ㐣ࡂࡓၟᴗ୺⩏ࡸᨻ἞ⓗ࡞௓ධ࡟ࡼࡾࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⤖ᯝࡢࡳࡀ㔜せどࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ഴྥࡣࡑࡢ๓඙࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ

ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ഴྥࡣࡑࡢ๓඙࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ෆᅾⓗ࡞౯್࡜ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜⮬య࡟ぢ࠸ࡔࡉࢀࡿ౯್࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ෆᅾⓗ࡞౯್࡜ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜⮬య࡟ぢ࠸ࡔࡉࢀࡿ౯್࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ

ࡍࡿ୰࡛⮬ᕫᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊヨྜ๓ࡢ⥭ᙇឤࠊ㌟యࢆື࠿ࡍࡇࡢ࡜ࡢẼᣢࡕࡼࡉࡸᛌឤࠊࣇ࢛࣮࣓

ࡍࡿ୰࡛⮬ᕫᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊヨྜ๓ࡢ⥭ᙇឤࠊ㌟యࢆື࠿ࡍࡇࡢ࡜ࡢẼᣢࡕࡼࡉࡸᛌឤࠊࣇ࢛࣮࣓

࣮ࢩࣙࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࡀぢ஦࡟Ỵࡲࡗࡓ᫬ࡢ∝ᛌឤࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ୰࡛ಙ㢗㛵ಀࢆᇵ࠸௰㛫ࢆಙࡌ࡚ࣉ࣮ࣞ

࣮ࢩࣙࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࡀぢ஦࡟Ỵࡲࡗࡓ᫬ࡢ∝ᛌឤࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ୰࡛ಙ㢗㛵ಀࢆᇵ࠸௰㛫ࢆಙࡌ࡚ࣉ࣮ࣞ

ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ႐ࡧࠊ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡋࡓ᫬࡟ゼࢀࡿឤືࠊ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂ࡛ࡁࡎ࡟࿡ࢃ࠺᣸ᢡឤࠊ㐠ື୰࡟ឤࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ႐ࡧࠊ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡋࡓ᫬࡟ゼࢀࡿឤືࠊ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂ࡛ࡁࡎ࡟࿡ࢃ࠺᣸ᢡឤࠊ㐠ື୰࡟ឤࡌࡿ㌟యⓗ࡞ⱞࡋࡉࡸࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㏨ࢀࡽࢀࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ㛤ᨺឤ࡞࡝ࡀࡑࢀ࡟࠶ࡓࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⤒㦂ࢆࡍࡿ

ࡌࡿ㌟యⓗ࡞ⱞࡋࡉࡸࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㏨ࢀࡽࢀࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ㛤ᨺឤ࡞࡝ࡀࡑࢀ࡟࠶ࡓࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⤒㦂ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜⮬యࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᴦࡋࡉ࡛࠶ࡾࠊෆᅾⓗ౯್࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡇ࡜⮬యࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᴦࡋࡉ࡛࠶ࡾࠊෆᅾⓗ౯್࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࡣࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᩥ໬ⓗ≉ᛶ㸦♫఍ⓗ౯್㸧ࢆᐇ⌧ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࡢ࣮࡛ࣝࣝ࠶ࡾࠊ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࡣࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᩥ໬ⓗ≉ᛶ㸦♫఍ⓗ౯್㸧ࢆᐇ⌧ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࡢ࣮࡛ࣝࣝ࠶ࡾࠊ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᩥ໬ⓗရ఩ࢆᢸಖࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊࡟ࡣ኱఍➼࡬ࡢཧຍ㈨᱁つᐃࠊ➇ᢏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᩥ໬ⓗရ఩ࢆᢸಖࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊࡟ࡣ኱఍➼࡬ࡢཧຍ㈨᱁つᐃࠊ➇ᢏ

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18

18

つ๎ࠊࢡࣛࢫศࡅつᐃࠊ࢔ࣥࢳࢻ࣮ࣆࣥࢢつᐃࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㛵㐃⤌⧊ࡢෆ㒊つ⣙ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣐ࣥࢩࢵつ๎ࠊࢡࣛࢫศࡅつᐃࠊ࢔ࣥࢳࢻ࣮ࣆࣥࢢつᐃࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㛵㐃⤌⧊ࡢෆ㒊つ⣙ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣐ࣥࢩࢵ

ࣉࡸࣇ࢙࢔ࣉࣞ࢖ࡢ⢭⚄࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᐃࡵࡽࢀࡓ

ࣉࡸࣇ࢙࢔ࣉࣞ࢖ࡢ⢭⚄࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᐃࡵࡽࢀࡓ⾜ື‽๎࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࡀ㑂Ᏺࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ࡣ♫఍⾜ື‽๎࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࡀ㑂Ᏺࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ࡣ♫఍ⓗ࡟ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ㐪཯ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ♫఍ⓗ౯್ࡢᐇ⌧ࢆᨺᲠࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡯࠿࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

ⓗ࡟ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ㐪཯ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ♫఍ⓗ౯್ࡢᐇ⌧ࢆᨺᲠࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡯࠿࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࡣ➇ᢏࡍࡿ㑅ᡭࡓࡕࡢබᖹᛶࢆಖࡕࠊᏳ඲ᛶࢆᢸಖࡋࠊ➇ᢏࢆ㏿ࡸ࠿࡟㐠Ⴀࡋࠊ➇ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࡣ➇ᢏࡍࡿ㑅ᡭࡓࡕࡢබᖹᛶࢆಖࡕࠊᏳ඲ᛶࢆᢸಖࡋࠊ➇ᢏࢆ㏿ࡸ࠿࡟㐠Ⴀࡋࠊ➇ᢏࡢᴦࡋࡳࢆᦆ࡞ࢃࡏ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋつ⠊ࡀ᫂♧໬ࡉࢀࠊ㛵ಀ⪅࡟ඹ᭷ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࢫ࣏

ᢏࡢᴦࡋࡳࢆᦆ࡞ࢃࡏ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋつ⠊ࡀ᫂♧໬ࡉࢀࠊ㛵ಀ⪅࡟ඹ᭷ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࢫ࣏

࣮ࢶࡢ㏱᫂ᛶ࡜බ᫂ᛶࡀᢸಖࡉࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࣮ࢶࡢ㏱᫂ᛶ࡜බ᫂ᛶࡀᢸಖࡉࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᢏ⾡࡜ࡣࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊࡟ᚑࡗ࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㑅ᢥࡉࢀࡓ⤌⧊ⓗࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᢏ⾡࡜ࡣࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊࡟ᚑࡗ࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㑅ᢥࡉࢀࡓ⤌⧊ⓗ࡞㐠ືࡢ௙᪉ࠖ㸦Ⳣཎ㸪 3㸧࡜ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ┠ᶆ࡜ࡣࢧࢵ࣮࢝ࡸ㌴࠸ࡍࣂࢫࢣࢵ

࡞㐠ືࡢ௙᪉ࠖ㸦Ⳣཎ㸪 3㸧࡜ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ┠ᶆ࡜ࡣࢧࢵ࣮࢝ࡸ㌴࠸ࡍࣂࢫࢣࢵ

ࢺ࣮࡛࣎ࣝ࠶ࢀࡤࢩ࣮ࣗࢺࡋ࡚ᚓⅬࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࢲࣥࢫ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊឤ᝟ࡸ᝟⥴ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜࢆ

ࢺ࣮࡛࣎ࣝ࠶ࢀࡤࢩ࣮ࣗࢺࡋ࡚ᚓⅬࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࢲࣥࢫ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊឤ᝟ࡸ᝟⥴ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜࢆ

⾲⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࡢࣇ࢛࣮࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࡸࣃࢫࠊࢩ࣮ࣗࢺࡢ᪉ἲࠊయࡢື࠿ࡋ᪉

⾲⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࡢࣇ࢛࣮࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࡸࣃࢫࠊࢩ࣮ࣗࢺࡢ᪉ἲࠊయࡢື࠿ࡋ᪉

ࡸ⾲⌧᪉ἲ࡞࡝ࡀྛ➇ᢏ࡟≉᭷ࡢᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➇ᢏ⪅ࡸ㋀ࡾᡭࡣࢤ࣮࣒ࡸ⾲⌧ࡋࡓ࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚

ࡸ⾲⌧᪉ἲ࡞࡝ࡀྛ➇ᢏ࡟≉᭷ࡢᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➇ᢏ⪅ࡸ㋀ࡾᡭࡣࢤ࣮࣒ࡸ⾲⌧ࡋࡓ࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚

ࡑࢀࡽࡢᢏ⾡ࢆ㑅ᢥⓗ࡟⤌⧊ࡋࠊᚓⅬࡸࢦ࣮ࣝࠊ༳㇟࡟ṧࡿືࡁࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡑࢀࡽࡢᢏ⾡ࢆ㑅ᢥⓗ࡟⤌⧊ࡋࠊᚓⅬࡸࢦ࣮ࣝࠊ༳㇟࡟ṧࡿືࡁࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᡓ⾡࡜ࡣྛ➇ᢏ⪅ࡸࢳ࣮࣒ࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟≧ἣ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ྜ⌮ⓗ࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᡓ⾡࡜ࡣྛ➇ᢏ⪅ࡸࢳ࣮࣒ࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟≧ἣ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ྜ⌮ⓗ࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᢏ⾡ࢆ㑅ᢥࡋࠊࣉ࣮ࣞࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢧࢵ࣮࡛࢝ࣇ࣮ࣜ࢟ࢵࢡࡢ㝿࡟┦ᡭࡢࢹ࢕ࣇ࢙ࣥ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᢏ⾡ࢆ㑅ᢥࡋࠊࣉ࣮ࣞࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢧࢵ࣮࡛࢝ࣇ࣮ࣜ࢟ࢵࢡࡢ㝿࡟┦ᡭࡢࢹ࢕ࣇ࢙ࣥ

ࢲ࣮ࡢ࣏ࢪࢩࣙࣥࢆぢ࡚┤᥋ࢦ࣮ࣝࢆ≺࠺ࡢ࠿ㄡ࠿ࡢ㢌࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚࢟ࢵࢡࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟௚

ࢲ࣮ࡢ࣏ࢪࢩࣙࣥࢆぢ࡚┤᥋ࢦ࣮ࣝࢆ≺࠺ࡢ࠿ㄡ࠿ࡢ㢌࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚࢟ࢵࢡࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟௚

ࡢ㑅ᡭࡣ࡝࠺㐃ᦠࡋ࡚ືࡃࡢ࠿ࠋ➇Ὃ࡛┦ᡭࢆぢ࡚ࢫࣆ࣮ࢻࡢ㓄ศࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿࡢ࠿Ỵࡵࡓࡾࠊࣂࢧ

ࡢ㑅ᡭࡣ࡝࠺㐃ᦠࡋ࡚ືࡃࡢ࠿ࠋ➇Ὃ࡛┦ᡭࢆぢ࡚ࢫࣆ࣮ࢻࡢ㓄ศࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿࡢ࠿Ỵࡵࡓࡾࠊࣂࢧ

ࣟ࢟ࢵࢡ࡞࡝Ỉ୰Ὃࢆఱ࣓࣮ࢺࣝࡲ࡛⾜࠺࠿Ỵࡵࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᡓ⾡࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࣟ࢟ࢵࢡ࡞࡝Ỉ୰Ὃࢆఱ࣓࣮ࢺࣝࡲ࡛⾜࠺࠿Ỵࡵࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᡓ⾡࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᡓ␎࡜ࡣࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᡓ⾡ࢆ࡝ࡢ᫬ᮇ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ㑅ᡭࡢ㉳⏝ࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡝ࠊࠕ㛗ᮇᡓ␎࡜ࡣࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᡓ⾡ࢆ࡝ࡢ᫬ᮇ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ㑅ᡭࡢ㉳⏝ࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡝ࠊࠕ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞┠ᶆ㐩ᡂࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᡓ⾡ࡢ㑅ᢥⓗ࡞ᵓᡂࡢ௙᪉ࠖ㸦Ⳣཎ㸪 3㸧ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ࠸࠺ࠋࣉ

ⓗ࡞┠ᶆ㐩ᡂࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᡓ⾡ࡢ㑅ᢥⓗ࡞ᵓᡂࡢ௙᪉ࠖ㸦Ⳣཎ㸪 3㸧ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ࠸࠺ࠋࣉ

ࣟ㔝⌫࡛ࠊ㛗࠸࣌ࢼࣥࢺ࣮ࣞࢫࢆぢ㉺ࡋ࡚ࠊ୍ࡘࡢヨྜ࡟ඛⓎࣆࢵࢳ࣮ࣕࢆ  ே  ே࡜ࡘࡂ㎸ࡴࡢࣟ㔝⌫࡛ࠊ㛗࠸࣌ࢼࣥࢺ࣮ࣞࢫࢆぢ㉺ࡋ࡚ࠊ୍ࡘࡢヨྜ࡟ඛⓎࣆࢵࢳ࣮ࣕࢆ  ே  ே࡜ࡘࡂ㎸ࡴࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ࣮ࣟࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⤌ࡳࠊඛⓎࠊ୰⥅ࡂ࠾ࡉ࠼࡜ᙺ๭ศᢸࢆࡋ࡚࣮ࣜࢢඃ຾ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ࣮ࣟࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⤌ࡳࠊඛⓎࠊ୰⥅ࡂ࠾ࡉ࠼࡜ᙺ๭ศᢸࢆࡋ࡚࣮ࣜࢢඃ຾ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࡣᡓ␎ࡢዲ౛࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡞࡝ࡣᡓ␎ࡢዲ౛࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ≀ⓗ஦≀࡜ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ᚲせ࡞᪋タ࣭タഛࠊ⏝ჾලࠊ⾰᭹࡞࡝ࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽ ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ≀ⓗ஦≀࡜ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ᚲせ࡞᪋タ࣭タഛࠊ⏝ჾලࠊ⾰᭹࡞࡝ࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽ

ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡛Ᏻ඲ᛶࢆ☜ಖࡋࡓࡾࠊᖹ➼ᛶࢆᢸಖࡋࡓࡾࠊ㐠ືࢆࡼࡾຠ⋡ⓗࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡛Ᏻ඲ᛶࢆ☜ಖࡋࡓࡾࠊᖹ➼ᛶࢆᢸಖࡋࡓࡾࠊ㐠ືࢆࡼࡾຠ⋡ⓗྜ⌮ⓗ࡟㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ୙ྍḞࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ྜ⌮ⓗ࡟㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ୙ྍḞࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿேࠎࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶཧຍࢆᨭ᥼ࡋࠊಖ㞀ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡶᚲせ࡞ࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

ࡿேࠎࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶཧຍࢆᨭ᥼ࡋࠊಖ㞀ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡶᚲせ࡞ࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

ࡇࢀࡽࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢᵓᡂせ⣲࡛࠶ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᢏ⾡࣭ᡓ⾡࣭ᡓ␎ࠊࡇࢀࡽࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢᵓᡂせ⣲࡛࠶ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᢏ⾡࣭ᡓ⾡࣭ᡓ␎ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ≀ⓗ஦≀ࡣ┦஫࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࠶ࡗ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࣜࣁࣅࣜࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᡭ

ࡑࡋ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ≀ⓗ஦≀ࡣ┦஫࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࠶ࡗ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࣜࣁࣅࣜࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᡭ

ẁ࡜ࡋ࡚⾜࠺࠿➇ᢏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࡋ࡚⾜࠺࠿ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࡢ㐺⏝ࡢཝᐦࡉࡸࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࡢ᪉ἲࡸ

ẁ࡜ࡋ࡚⾜࠺࠿➇ᢏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࡋ࡚⾜࠺࠿ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊ࡢ㐺⏝ࡢཝᐦࡉࡸࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࡢ᪉ἲࡸ

ෆᐜ࡟㛵ಀࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ᪂⣲ᮦࡢ⩏㊊ࡸࡼࡾὙ⦎ࡉࢀࡓᶵ⬟ࡢ㌴࠸ࡍࡢⓏሙࡣ㉮ࡾ᪉ࡸࠊෆᐜ࡟㛵ಀࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ᪂⣲ᮦࡢ⩏㊊ࡸࡼࡾὙ⦎ࡉࢀࡓᶵ⬟ࡢ㌴࠸ࡍࡢⓏሙࡣ㉮ࡾ᪉ࡸࠊ࣮ࣞࢫᒎ㛤࡜࠸ࡗࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᢏ⾡ࡸᡓ⾡࡟኱ࡁࡃᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡋࠊ➇ᢏつ๎ࡸཧຍつ⛬ࡢ࣮ࣞࢫᒎ㛤࡜࠸ࡗࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᢏ⾡ࡸᡓ⾡࡟኱ࡁࡃᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡋࠊ➇ᢏつ๎ࡸཧຍつ⛬ࡢኚ᭦ࡀవ൤࡞ࡃࡉࢀࡿሙྜࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟୍ࡘࡢつ⠊ࠊ୍ࡘࡢ⏝ලࡢኚ໬ࡸ㐍໬ࡣ௚ࡢኚ᭦ࡀవ൤࡞ࡃࡉࢀࡿሙྜࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟୍ࡘࡢつ⠊ࠊ୍ࡘࡢ⏝ලࡢኚ໬ࡸ㐍໬ࡣ௚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢᵓᡂせ⣲࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢᵓᡂせ⣲࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

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19

19

㸰 㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᩥ໬ⓗ≉ᛶ㸰 㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᩥ໬ⓗ≉ᛶ㸦㸯㸧 ࢡࣛࢫศࡅ࡜ᣢࡕⅬไ㸦㸯㸧 ࢡࣛࢫศࡅ࡜ᣢࡕⅬไ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᩥ໬ⓗ࡞≉ᛶࡣᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㏙࡭࡚ࡁࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ≉ᛶ࡜ྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ

㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᩥ໬ⓗ࡞≉ᛶࡣᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㏙࡭࡚ࡁࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ≉ᛶ࡜ྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ

࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㌟యⓗ࡞ᶵ⬟ࡸ▱ⓗⓎ㐩ẁ㝵ࡀྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆฟⓎⅬ࡜ࡍࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㌟యⓗ࡞ᶵ⬟ࡸ▱ⓗⓎ㐩ẁ㝵ࡀྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆฟⓎⅬ࡜ࡍࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ஦ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࠸≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ஦ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡑࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡣࠊࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡸᣢࡕⅬไ࡜࠸ࡗࡓไᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡣᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࠊ㞀ᐖࡢෆᐜࡑࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡣࠊࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡸᣢࡕⅬไ࡜࠸ࡗࡓไᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡣᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࠊ㞀ᐖࡢෆᐜࡸ㔜ࡉ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࢡࣛࢫࢆศࡅࠊྠࡌࢡࣛࢫࡢேࡓࡕ࡝࠺ࡋࡀ➇தࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ไᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㝣ୖ➇ᢏࡸ㔜ࡉ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࢡࣛࢫࢆศࡅࠊྠࡌࢡࣛࢫࡢேࡓࡕ࡝࠺ࡋࡀ➇தࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ไᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㝣ୖ➇ᢏࡸỈὋ➇ᢏ࡞࡝➇ᢏ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ㌟యⓗ࡞≧ἣ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᭷฼࣭୙฼ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࠋࡇࡢ୙ᖹ➼ࡉࢆ᭱ᑠ㝈ࡸỈὋ➇ᢏ࡞࡝➇ᢏ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ㌟యⓗ࡞≧ἣ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᭷฼࣭୙฼ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࠋࡇࡢ୙ᖹ➼ࡉࢆ᭱ᑠ㝈࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ௙⤌ࡳࡀࢡࣛࢫศࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ
㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ே࡟ࡶ຾฼ࡢࢳࣕࣥࢫࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࠊ࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ௙⤌ࡳࡀࢡࣛࢫศࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ
㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ே࡟ࡶ຾฼ࡢࢳࣕࣥࢫࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࠊᖹ➼ᛶࡀᢸಖࡉࢀࡿࠋ

ᖹ➼ᛶࡀᢸಖࡉࢀࡿࠋ

ᣢࡕⅬไࡣࢳ࣮࣒ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡞࡝࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿไᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤ㌴࠸ࡍࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ࣮࡛࣎ࣝࡣ㞀ᐖ

ᣢࡕⅬไࡣࢳ࣮࣒ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡞࡝࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿไᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤ㌴࠸ࡍࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ࣮࡛࣎ࣝࡣ㞀ᐖ

ࡢෆᐜࡸ㌟యᶵ⬟࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᣢࡕⅬࡀỴࡲࡾࠊࢥ࣮ࢺ࡛ࣉ࣮ࣞࡍࡿ㸳ேࡢᣢࡕⅬࡢྜィࡀ  Ⅼ௨ୗ࡛

ࡢෆᐜࡸ㌟యᶵ⬟࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᣢࡕⅬࡀỴࡲࡾࠊࢥ࣮ࢺ࡛ࣉ࣮ࣞࡍࡿ㸳ேࡢᣢࡕⅬࡢྜィࡀ  Ⅼ௨ୗ࡛࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡣ㌟యᶵ⬟ࣞ࣋ࣝࡀప࠸ே࠿ࡽ㧗࠸ேࡲ࡛࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡋࡓไᗘ࡛ࠊ

࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡣ㌟యᶵ⬟ࣞ࣋ࣝࡀప࠸ே࠿ࡽ㧗࠸ேࡲ࡛࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡋࡓไᗘ࡛ࠊ

ࢳ࣮࣒㛫ࡢබᖹᛶࢆಖࡘ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊ㌟యᶵ⬟ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢప࠸ேࡢཧຍࢆಖ㞀ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢳ࣮࣒㛫ࡢබᖹᛶࢆಖࡘ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊ㌟యᶵ⬟ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢప࠸ேࡢཧຍࢆಖ㞀ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡇࡢᣢࡕⅬไ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ἑす㸦㸧ࡣ㌟య⬟ຊࡢᕪࢆࢳ࣮࣒࡟ᚲ㡲ࡢᙺ๭࡬࡜ኚᐜࡉࡏࡿࢩࢫࢸ

ࡇࡢᣢࡕⅬไ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ἑす㸦㸧ࡣ㌟య⬟ຊࡢᕪࢆࢳ࣮࣒࡟ᚲ㡲ࡢᙺ๭࡬࡜ኚᐜࡉࡏࡿࢩࢫࢸ

࣒࡜ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠋ㌴࠸ࡍࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ࣮࣎ࣝࡢሙྜࠊ㞀ᐖࡢ㍍࠸ேࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛ࡣࢳ࣮࣒ࢆ⤌ࡵ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ

࣒࡜ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠋ㌴࠸ࡍࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ࣮࣎ࣝࡢሙྜࠊ㞀ᐖࡢ㍍࠸ேࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛ࡣࢳ࣮࣒ࢆ⤌ࡵ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ

ᚲࡎ㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ேࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ㞀ᐖࡀ㔜ࡃ㌟యᶵ⬟ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢపࡃ࡚ࡶࠊࢳ࣮࣒࡟ࡣ࡞ࡃ

ᚲࡎ㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ேࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ㞀ᐖࡀ㔜ࡃ㌟యᶵ⬟ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢపࡃ࡚ࡶࠊࢳ࣮࣒࡟ࡣ࡞ࡃ

࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸Ꮡᅾ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡑࢀ࡟ᛂࡌࡓ࣏ࢪࢩࣙࣥ࡜ᙺ๭ࡀ୚࠼ࡽࢀ㈐௵ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࠋ୍⯡ࡢࣂࢫࢣࢵ

࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸Ꮡᅾ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡑࢀ࡟ᛂࡌࡓ࣏ࢪࢩࣙࣥ࡜ᙺ๭ࡀ୚࠼ࡽࢀ㈐௵ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࠋ୍⯡ࡢࣂࢫࢣࢵ

ࢺ࣮࡛࣎ࣝࡣ㌟య⬟ຊࡢຎࡿேࡣࣞࢠ࣮ࣗࣛ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢤ࣮࣒࡟ฟࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋ㌴࠸ࡍࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ

ࢺ࣮࡛࣎ࣝࡣ㌟య⬟ຊࡢຎࡿேࡣࣞࢠ࣮ࣗࣛ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢤ࣮࣒࡟ฟࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋ㌴࠸ࡍࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ

࣮࣎ࣝࡢሙྜࡣᣢࡕⅬไࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡑࢀࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

࣮࣎ࣝࡢሙྜࡣᣢࡕⅬไࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡑࢀࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

ࡇࢀࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡣ࡞࠸Ⓨ᝿࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⊂⮬ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ

ࡇࢀࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡣ࡞࠸Ⓨ᝿࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⊂⮬ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶつ⠊࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ

ࡇࡢ᪉ἲࡣ⏨ዪ୍⥴࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡾࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢⱞᡭ࡞ே࡜ᚓព࡞ேࡀ୍⥴࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡸ

ࡇࡢ᪉ἲࡣ⏨ዪ୍⥴࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡾࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢⱞᡭ࡞ே࡜ᚓព࡞ேࡀ୍⥴࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡸ

ࡗࡓࡾࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿே࡜࡞࠸ேࡀ୍⥴ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ሙྜ࡟ࡶ⏕࠿ࡏࡿࡸࡾ᪉࡛

ࡗࡓࡾࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿே࡜࡞࠸ேࡀ୍⥴ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ሙྜ࡟ࡶ⏕࠿ࡏࡿࡸࡾ᪉࡛

࠶ࡾࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢୡ⏺࠿ࡽࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ᥦ᱌࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ࠶ࡾࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢୡ⏺࠿ࡽࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ᥦ᱌࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ㸦㸰㸧 ࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻ࣭ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⪃࠼᪉㸦㸰㸧 ࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻ࣭ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⪃࠼᪉஧ࡘ┠ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆே㛫࡟ྜࢃࡏࡿ㸦DGDSWHG㸧࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺㝿࡟ࡣࢫ࣏஧ࡘ┠ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆே㛫࡟ྜࢃࡏࡿ㸦DGDSWHG㸧࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺㝿࡟ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ࣮ࣝࣝࡸ⏝ල࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿேࡀྜࢃࡏࡿࡢࡀᬑ㏻࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ࣮࣎ࣝࡢࢩ࣮ࣗࢺ

࣮ࢶࡢ࣮ࣝࣝࡸ⏝ල࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿேࡀྜࢃࡏࡿࡢࡀᬑ㏻࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ࣮࣎ࣝࡢࢩ࣮ࣗࢺ

ࡀࢦ࣮ࣝᒆ࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊᒆࡃࡼ࠺࡟ࢪࣕࣥࣉຊࢆ࢔ࢵࣉࡉࡏࡓࡾࠊ⭎ࡢຊࢆᙉࡃࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ

ࡀࢦ࣮ࣝᒆ࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊᒆࡃࡼ࠺࡟ࢪࣕࣥࣉຊࢆ࢔ࢵࣉࡉࡏࡓࡾࠊ⭎ࡢຊࢆᙉࡃࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ

ࡼ࠺࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ᪉࡟యࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࡢࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ➇ࡼ࠺࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ᪉࡟యࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࡢࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ➇ᢏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛຾ࡘࡓࡵ࡟ࡣྠᵝࡢࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᢏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛຾ࡘࡓࡵ࡟ࡣྠᵝࡢࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㞀ᐖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶཧຍ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ሙྜࡸཧຍ࡛ࡁ࡚ࡶ༑ศ࡟άື࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ሙྜࡀ

ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㞀ᐖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶཧຍ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ሙྜࡸཧຍ࡛ࡁ࡚ࡶ༑ศ࡟άື࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ሙྜࡀ

࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ሙྜࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ᪉ࢆࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿே࡟ྜࢃࡏࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡀ࢔ࢲࣉࢸ

࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ሙྜࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ᪉ࢆࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿே࡟ྜࢃࡏࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡀ࢔ࢲࣉࢸ

ࢵࢻ࣭ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢⓎ᝿࡛࠶ࡿࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢᵓᡂせ⣲࡛࠶ࡿ➇ᢏ࣮ࣝࣝࠊᢏ⾡ࡸᡓ⾡ࠊࢵࢻ࣭ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢⓎ᝿࡛࠶ࡿࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢᵓᡂせ⣲࡛࠶ࡿ➇ᢏ࣮ࣝࣝࠊᢏ⾡ࡸᡓ⾡ࠊ⏝ჾලࢆࡑࡢே࡟ྜࢃࡏࡓࡶࡢ࡟ࡍࡿࠋ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾࡢ㌟య᮲௳▱ⓗ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿே࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊⓎ㐩ࣞ⏝ჾලࢆࡑࡢே࡟ྜࢃࡏࡓࡶࡢ࡟ࡍࡿࠋ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾࡢ㌟య᮲௳▱ⓗ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿே࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊⓎ㐩ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡛ㄡ࡛ࡶࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ཧຍ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡶࡑࡶࢫ࣏࣮

࣋ࣝ࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡛ㄡ࡛ࡶࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ཧຍ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡶࡑࡶࢫ࣏࣮

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20

20

ࢶࡣ㟷ᖺᮇࡢ⏨ᛶࡀ⾜࠺ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚๰ࡽࢀࡓṔྐⓗ⤒⦋ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ௨እࡢዪᛶࡸᏊ࡝ࡶࠊ㧗㱋⪅ࢶࡣ㟷ᖺᮇࡢ⏨ᛶࡀ⾜࠺ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚๰ࡽࢀࡓṔྐⓗ⤒⦋ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ௨እࡢዪᛶࡸᏊ࡝ࡶࠊ㧗㱋⪅ࡸ㞀ᐖ⪅࡞࡝ࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣಟṇࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆே㢮ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢඹ᭷ᩥ໬࡜ࡋ

ࡸ㞀ᐖ⪅࡞࡝ࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠺࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣಟṇࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆே㢮ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢඹ᭷ᩥ໬࡜ࡋ

࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟Ḟ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸⪃࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟Ḟ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸⪃࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

Ώ㒊㸦㸧࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ㏆௦ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣ㏆௦♫఍ࡢ౯್࡛࠶ࡿࠕຊᙉࡉࠖࡸࠕᡂᯝࡢ➇தࠖࢆ┠Ώ㒊㸦㸧࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ㏆௦ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣ㏆௦♫఍ࡢ౯್࡛࠶ࡿࠕຊᙉࡉࠖࡸࠕᡂᯝࡢ➇தࠖࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
ࡑࡢᡭẁ࡜࡞ࡿ㌟యάືࡢᵝᘧࡣ⛉Ꮫ࡟ࡼࡾὙ⦎ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
ࡑࡢᡭẁ࡜࡞ࡿ㌟యάືࡢᵝᘧࡣ⛉Ꮫ࡟ࡼࡾὙ⦎ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ୍ே୍ேࡀ㐪ࡗࡓ㌟య᮲௳ࡢ㌟య㞀ᐖ⪅ࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠾࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㞀ᐖࡢ࡞࠸ே࡜ࡣ㐪࠺᪉ἲ୍࡛ே୍ேࡀ㐪ࡗࡓ㌟య᮲௳ࡢ㌟య㞀ᐖ⪅ࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ⾜࠾࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㞀ᐖࡢ࡞࠸ே࡜ࡣ㐪࠺᪉ἲ࡛๰㐀ⓗ࡟⾜ࢃ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࠕ㌟య࡟㞀ࡀ࠸ࡢ࠶ࡿேࡣࠊṧࡉࢀࡓᶵ⬟ࢆ࿧ࡧぬࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸๰㐀ⓗ࡟⾜ࢃ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࠕ㌟య࡟㞀ࡀ࠸ࡢ࠶ࡿேࡣࠊṧࡉࢀࡓᶵ⬟ࢆ࿧ࡧぬࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸

ᅇ㊰ࢆồࡵ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢᅇ㊰ࢆసࡾฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡇࡑ㞀ࡀ࠸ࡢ࠶ࡿேᅛ᭷ࡢ෌⏕ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒

ᅇ㊰ࢆồࡵ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢᅇ㊰ࢆసࡾฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡇࡑ㞀ࡀ࠸ࡢ࠶ࡿேᅛ᭷ࡢ෌⏕ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒

࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㞀ࡀ࠸ࡢ࠶ࡿேࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࠿ࡽ⏕ࡳฟࡉࢀࡿከᵝ࡞ᢏ⬟࠿ࡽࡣࠊ⾜ືࢆಁࡍ῝ዟࡢᰂ㌾࡞࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㞀ࡀ࠸ࡢ࠶ࡿேࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࠿ࡽ⏕ࡳฟࡉࢀࡿከᵝ࡞ᢏ⬟࠿ࡽࡣࠊ⾜ືࢆಁࡍ῝ዟࡢᰂ㌾࡞⾪ືࡀ㇏࠿࡞㌟య⾲⌧ࡢ※Ἠ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
㸦Ώ㒊㸪 3㸧࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ㌟యᢏἲࡣࠊ

⾪ືࡀ㇏࠿࡞㌟య⾲⌧ࡢ※Ἠ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
㸦Ώ㒊㸪 3㸧࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ㌟యᢏἲࡣࠊ

೺ᖖ⪅ࡢࡑࢀ࡜ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟␗࡞ࡿࡀࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᵝࠎ࡞ᢏἲࡸᵝᘧ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♫఍೺ᖖ⪅ࡢࡑࢀ࡜ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟␗࡞ࡿࡀࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᵝࠎ࡞ᢏἲࡸᵝᘧ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♫఍

ࢆከᵝ࡛㇏࠿࡟ࡍࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ぢ᪉ࡸ౯್ࢆⓎぢࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢཎ⌮࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࢆከᵝ࡛㇏࠿࡟ࡍࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ぢ᪉ࡸ౯್ࢆⓎぢࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢཎ⌮࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

౛࠼ࡤྑ⫝ࢆఙࡤࡏ࡞࠸㌴࠸ࡍࢲࣥࢧ࣮ࡣ㌴࠸ࡍࡢ᧯సࠊࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮࡜ࡢᡭࡢ⤌ࡳ᪉ࠊᅇ㌿ࡢ᪉౛࠼ࡤྑ⫝ࢆఙࡤࡏ࡞࠸㌴࠸ࡍࢲࣥࢧ࣮ࡣ㌴࠸ࡍࡢ᧯సࠊࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮࡜ࡢᡭࡢ⤌ࡳ᪉ࠊᅇ㌿ࡢ᪉ྥ➼ࡍ࡭࡚࡟࠾࠸࡚⊂⮬ࡢ᪉ἲࢆぢฟࡍࡇ࡜࡛࣌࢔ࢲࣥࢫࢆ⾜࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

ྥ➼ࡍ࡭࡚࡟࠾࠸࡚⊂⮬ࡢ᪉ἲࢆぢฟࡍࡇ࡜࡛࣌࢔ࢲࣥࢫࢆ⾜࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

㸦㸱㸧 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ౯್ࡢከᵝᛶ㸦㸱㸧 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ౯್ࡢከᵝᛶ୕ࡘࡵࡣࠊ࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻ࣭ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡣ௚⪅࡜➇தࡋ࡚຾ࡘࡇ࡜௨እࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್࡜

୕ࡘࡵࡣࠊ࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻ࣭ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡣ௚⪅࡜➇தࡋ࡚຾ࡘࡇ࡜௨እࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್࡜

ᴦࡋࡉࢆᩍ࠼࡚ࡃࢀࡿⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⚾ࡓࡕࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛ぶࡋࢇ࡛ࡁࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛ࡣࠊ➇தࡍࡿ⪅࡝࠺ࡋᴦࡋࡉࢆᩍ࠼࡚ࡃࢀࡿⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⚾ࡓࡕࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛ぶࡋࢇ࡛ࡁࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛ࡣࠊ➇தࡍࡿ⪅࡝࠺ࡋࡀྠࡌ᮲௳ୗ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡋࠊ௚⪅࡜ࡢᕪ␗໬ࢆᅗࡾࠊඃ఩ᛶࢆ㏣ồࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ

ࡀྠࡌ᮲௳ୗ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡋࠊ௚⪅࡜ࡢᕪ␗໬ࢆᅗࡾࠊඃ఩ᛶࢆ㏣ồࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ

ࡍࡿேࡣࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ௚⪅࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡢ୰࡛౯್࡙ࡅࡉࢀࡿ┦ᑐⓗ࡞Ꮡᅾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡍࡿேࡣࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ௚⪅࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡢ୰࡛౯್࡙ࡅࡉࢀࡿ┦ᑐⓗ࡞Ꮡᅾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

୍᪉ࠊ࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻ㺃ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛ࡣࠊ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿᮏேࢆᑻᗘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡸ㌟య

୍᪉ࠊ࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻ㺃ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛ࡣࠊ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿᮏேࢆᑻᗘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡸ㌟య

άື࡟ཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ௚⪅࡜ࡢᑐᓖࡣ᝿ᐃࡉࢀࡎࠊ౯್ࡶಶேࡢ୰࡟㏣ồࡉࢀࡿࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࠊ

άື࡟ཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ௚⪅࡜ࡢᑐᓖࡣ᝿ᐃࡉࢀࡎࠊ౯್ࡶಶேࡢ୰࡟㏣ồࡉࢀࡿࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࠊ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿேࠊ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾࡣྠࡌ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ๓ᥦ࡜ࡉࢀࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㌟య᮲௳

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿேࠊ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾࡣྠࡌ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ๓ᥦ࡜ࡉࢀࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㌟య᮲௳

ࡀ㐪࠺ே࡝࠺ࡋࡀ➇தࡋ࡚຾ࡕ㈇ࡅࢆỴࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡑࢀ࡯࡝ព࿡ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡍ

ࡀ㐪࠺ே࡝࠺ࡋࡀ➇தࡋ࡚຾ࡕ㈇ࡅࢆỴࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡑࢀ࡯࡝ព࿡ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡍ

ࡿಶேࡣࠊࡇࡢព࿡࡛⤯ᑐⓗ࡞Ꮡᅾ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋே࡜ࡢ➇தࡸᕪ␗໬ࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞

ࡿಶேࡣࠊࡇࡢព࿡࡛⤯ᑐⓗ࡞Ꮡᅾ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋே࡜ࡢ➇தࡸᕪ␗໬ࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞

ࡃࠊಶேࡢᡂ㛗ࡸࡑࡢ➇ᢏ࡟⊂≉ࡢẼᣢࡕࡼࡉࡸ㞴ࡋࡉࠊࡑࢀࢆඞ᭹ࡋࡓ᫬ࡢ㐩ᡂឤࢆ࿡ࢃ࠺ࠋࡇ

ࡃࠊಶேࡢᡂ㛗ࡸࡑࡢ➇ᢏ࡟⊂≉ࡢẼᣢࡕࡼࡉࡸ㞴ࡋࡉࠊࡑࢀࢆඞ᭹ࡋࡓ᫬ࡢ㐩ᡂឤࢆ࿡ࢃ࠺ࠋࡇ

ࢀࡽࡣࡲࡉ࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ෆᅾࡍࡿ౯್ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ┠ⓗ࡜࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢀࡽࡣࡲࡉ࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ෆᅾࡍࡿ౯್ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ┠ⓗ࡜࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

඲┣ࡢ࠶ࡿ㝣ୖ➇ᢏࡢ㑅ᡭࡣࠕ࠸࠸ࢪࣕࣥࣉࢆࡋࡓ࡜ࡁࡗ࡚࠸࠺ࡢࡣࢃ࠿ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡼࠋ࠿ࡽࡔ඲

඲┣ࡢ࠶ࡿ㝣ୖ➇ᢏࡢ㑅ᡭࡣࠕ࠸࠸ࢪࣕࣥࣉࢆࡋࡓ࡜ࡁࡗ࡚࠸࠺ࡢࡣࢃ࠿ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡼࠋ࠿ࡽࡔ඲

య࡛ឤࡌࡿࡗ࡚ゝ࠺ࡢ࠿࡞ࠊࡕࡷࢇ࡜ఏࢃࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡍࡼࠋຓ㉮ࡋ࡚ࠊ㋃ࡳษࡗࡓ▐㛫ࠊ࠿ࡽࡔࡀࡩ

య࡛ឤࡌࡿࡗ࡚ゝ࠺ࡢ࠿࡞ࠊࡕࡷࢇ࡜ఏࢃࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡍࡼࠋຓ㉮ࡋ࡚ࠊ㋃ࡳษࡗࡓ▐㛫ࠊ࠿ࡽࡔࡀࡩ

ࢃࡗ࡜ᾋࡃឤぬࠊ㔜ຊ࠿ࡽゎࡁᨺࡓࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ឤぬࠊࡇࢀࡀᛌឤ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡼࠋࡸࡾᢞࡆࡢሙྜࡣ⣬ࢃࡗ࡜ᾋࡃឤぬࠊ㔜ຊ࠿ࡽゎࡁᨺࡓࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ឤぬࠊࡇࢀࡀᛌឤ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡼࠋࡸࡾᢞࡆࡢሙྜࡣ⣬㣕⾜ᶵࢆᢞࡆࡿឤぬࡗ࡚࠸࠺࠿ࠊࡇࢀࡶࡸࡗࡥࡾ࠿ࡽࡔ඲య࡛ឤࡌࡲࡍࡡࠊ࠺ࡲࡃ࠸ࡗࡓ࡜ࡁࡣࠋ
ࠖ㣕⾜ᶵࢆᢞࡆࡿឤぬࡗ࡚࠸࠺࠿ࠊࡇࢀࡶࡸࡗࡥࡾ࠿ࡽࡔ඲య࡛ឤࡌࡲࡍࡡࠊ࠺ࡲࡃ࠸ࡗࡓ࡜ࡁࡣࠋ
ࠖ࡜ヰࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㔜⑕ᚰ㌟㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿேࡀ⮬ศࡢẼ࡟ධࡗࡓ㡢ᴦ࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚యࢆື࠿ࡋ࡚࠸

࡜ヰࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㔜⑕ᚰ㌟㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿேࡀ⮬ศࡢẼ࡟ධࡗࡓ㡢ᴦ࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚యࢆື࠿ࡋ࡚࠸

ࡿ࡜ࡁࡢᎰࡋࡑ࠺࡞⾲᝟࠿ࡽࡣࠊࡑࡢ➇ᢏ⊂⮬ࡢẼᣢࡕࡼࡉࢆឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡲࡔࡲࡔ

ࡿ࡜ࡁࡢᎰࡋࡑ࠺࡞⾲᝟࠿ࡽࡣࠊࡑࡢ➇ᢏ⊂⮬ࡢẼᣢࡕࡼࡉࢆឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡲࡔࡲࡔ

➇ᢏ࡛ࡣ຾࡚࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢࠊ࣮࣎ࣝࢆᥱࡿࡇ࡜ࡍࡽ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓேࡀࠊ┠ᶆࡵࡀࡅ࡚࣮࣎ࣝࢆᢞࡆࡽ

➇ᢏ࡛ࡣ຾࡚࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢࠊ࣮࣎ࣝࢆᥱࡿࡇ࡜ࡍࡽ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓேࡀࠊ┠ᶆࡵࡀࡅ࡚࣮࣎ࣝࢆᢞࡆࡽ

ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡾࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ୰࡛ᗙ఩ጼໃࢆ࡜ࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓேࡀࡕࡷࢇ࡜ᗙࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟

ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡾࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ୰࡛ᗙ఩ጼໃࢆ࡜ࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓேࡀࡕࡷࢇ࡜ᗙࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟

࡞ࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࠋ௚ே࡜ࡢẚ㍑࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࡓ࠸ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊࡇࢀࡽࡣಶࠎே࡟࡜ࡗ

࡞ࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࠋ௚ே࡜ࡢẚ㍑࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࡓ࠸ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊࡇࢀࡽࡣಶࠎே࡟࡜ࡗ

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21

21

࡚ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ᡂ㛗࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ

࡚ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ᡂ㛗࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ

㸦㸧 ๰ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᴦࡋࡉ

㸦㸧 ๰ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᴦࡋࡉ

ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡬ࡢཧ୚ᙧែ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᐇ㝿࡟యࢆື࠿ࡋ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆᐇ㊶ࡍࡿ
ࠕࡍࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ
ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡬ࡢཧ୚ᙧែ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᐇ㝿࡟యࢆື࠿ࡋ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆᐇ㊶ࡍࡿ
ࠕࡍࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ
ࠊࢫࢱࢪ࢔࣒࡛࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࢸࣞࣅࡸ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࡞࡝ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほᡓࡍࡿࠕぢࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ
ࠊࢫࢫࢱࢪ࢔࣒࡛࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࢸࣞࣅࡸ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࡞࡝ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶほᡓࡍࡿࠕぢࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ
ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ኱఍࣎ࣛࣥࢸ࢕࢔ࡸ௓ຓࡢᚲせ࡞ேࡢࡓࡵࡢᡭఏ࠸࡞࡝ࠕᨭ࠼ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖࡀὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ࣏࣮ࢶ኱఍࣎ࣛࣥࢸ࢕࢔ࡸ௓ຓࡢᚲせ࡞ேࡢࡓࡵࡢᡭఏ࠸࡞࡝ࠕᨭ࠼ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖࡀὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛㏙࡭࡚ࡁࡓࡼ࠺࡟㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢୡ⏺࡛ࡣࠊ㌟య᮲௳࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚࣮ࣝࣝࢆ

ࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛㏙࡭࡚ࡁࡓࡼ࠺࡟㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢୡ⏺࡛ࡣࠊ㌟య᮲௳࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚࣮ࣝࣝࢆ

ಟṇࡋࡓࡾࠊ⏝ල࡟ᕤኵࢆจࡽࡋࡓࡾࡋ࡚㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿேࡶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࠋ

ಟṇࡋࡓࡾࠊ⏝ල࡟ᕤኵࢆจࡽࡋࡓࡾࡋ࡚㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿேࡶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࠋ

㞀ᐖ⪅᪋タࡸ≉ูᨭ᥼Ꮫᰯ࡞࡝࡛ࡣᵝࠎ࡞ࢱ࢖ࣉࡢ㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡘேࡀ࠸ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊ∦ࡲࡦ࡛ࢡ㞀ᐖ⪅᪋タࡸ≉ูᨭ᥼Ꮫᰯ࡞࡝࡛ࡣᵝࠎ࡞ࢱ࢖ࣉࡢ㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡘேࡀ࠸ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊ∦ࡲࡦ࡛ࢡࣛࢵࢳࢆ౑ࡗ࡚Ṍ⾜ࡍࡿே࡜ࠊ㟁ື㌴ࢆ౑࠺ேࡸᡭືࡢ㌴࠸ࡍࡢேࠊ⬻ᛶࡲࡦ➼࡛ୖ⫥࡟ࡶ㞀ᐖࡢࣛࢵࢳࢆ౑ࡗ࡚Ṍ⾜ࡍࡿே࡜ࠊ㟁ື㌴ࢆ౑࠺ேࡸᡭືࡢ㌴࠸ࡍࡢேࠊ⬻ᛶࡲࡦ➼࡛ୖ⫥࡟ࡶ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿே࡞࡝ከᵝ࡞ேࠎࡀ୍⥴࡟᫬㛫ࢆ㐣ࡈࡍࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ேࡓࡕࡀ୍⥴࡟ᴦࡋࡵࡿ᪤Ꮡࡢ㐠ືࡸࢫ࠶ࡿே࡞࡝ከᵝ࡞ேࠎࡀ୍⥴࡟᫬㛫ࢆ㐣ࡈࡍࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ேࡓࡕࡀ୍⥴࡟ᴦࡋࡵࡿ᪤Ꮡࡢ㐠ືࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡞࠸ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ㐠ືࡍࡿሙᡤࡸ⏝ල࡞࡝ࡢ᮲௳࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶᐇ᪋࡛ࡁࡿ㐠ືࡣ㝈ࡽ࣏࣮ࢶࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡞࠸ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ㐠ືࡍࡿሙᡤࡸ⏝ල࡞࡝ࡢ᮲௳࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶᐇ᪋࡛ࡁࡿ㐠ືࡣ㝈ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞᮲௳ୗ࡛㐠ືࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆᴦࡋࡴࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ᪂ࡋ࠸㐠ືࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࢀ࡟

ࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞᮲௳ୗ࡛㐠ືࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆᴦࡋࡴࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ᪂ࡋ࠸㐠ືࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࢀ࡟

ᚲせ࡞㐨ලࡸ⏝ලࢆ๰ࡾฟࡍࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࠋ

ᚲせ࡞㐨ලࡸ⏝ලࢆ๰ࡾฟࡍࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㐠ືࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆಟṇࡋࡓࡾࠊ᪂ࡋࡃసࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࠶ࡲࡾὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚ࡇ࡞࠿ࡗ

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㐠ືࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆಟṇࡋࡓࡾࠊ᪂ࡋࡃసࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࠶ࡲࡾὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚ࡇ࡞࠿ࡗ

ࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬࡟୺యⓗ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡾࠊ⮬ࡽࡑࡢᩥ໬ࢆ๰ฟࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠊඃࢀ࡚ே

ࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬࡟୺యⓗ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡾࠊ⮬ࡽࡑࡢᩥ໬ࢆ๰ฟࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠊඃࢀ࡚ே

㛫ⓗ࡞⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋඛ࡟ࡶ㏙࡭ࡓ࡜࠾ࡾࠊᩥ໬ࡣୡ௦࠿ࡽୡ௦࡬࡜⥅ᢎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃ୰࡛ᑡࡋࡎࡘኚ

㛫ⓗ࡞⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋඛ࡟ࡶ㏙࡭ࡓ࡜࠾ࡾࠊᩥ໬ࡣୡ௦࠿ࡽୡ௦࡬࡜⥅ᢎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃ୰࡛ᑡࡋࡎࡘኚ

໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡑࡢព࿡࡛ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ๰㐀ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ᩥ໬ⓗ࡞⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡾࠊே㛫ࡢከᵝᛶࢆฟ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡑࡢព࿡࡛ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ๰㐀ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ᩥ໬ⓗ࡞⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡾࠊே㛫ࡢከᵝᛶࢆฟ

ⓎⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡔ࠿ࡽࡇࡑぢฟࡍ஦ࡢ࡛ࡁࡓࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢாཷᵝᘧ࡛࠶

ⓎⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡔ࠿ࡽࡇࡑぢฟࡍ஦ࡢ࡛ࡁࡓࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢாཷᵝᘧ࡛࠶

ࡿࠋከᵝ࡞ே㛫ࡀ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄆࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛ከᵝ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢసࡾᡭࡑࡋ࡚ᢸ࠸ᡭ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

ࡿࠋከᵝ࡞ே㛫ࡀ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄆࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛ከᵝ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢసࡾᡭࡑࡋ࡚ᢸ࠸ᡭ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

࡛ࡁࡿࠋ





㸦㸳㸧 㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢព⩏࡜ࡣ㸫ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ༟㉺ᛶࡢ㏣ồ࡜ከᵝᛶࡢ㏣ồ㸫㸦㸳㸧 㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢព⩏࡜ࡣ㸫ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ༟㉺ᛶࡢ㏣ồ࡜ከᵝᛶࡢ㏣ồ㸫

ࠕ&LWLXV$OWLXV)RUWLXV㸦ࡼࡾ㏿ࡃࠊࡼࡾ㧗ࡃࠊࡼࡾᙉࡃ㸧ࠖ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢࣔࢵࢺ࣮࡛࠶ࡾࠊ

ࠕ&LWLXV$OWLXV)RUWLXV㸦ࡼࡾ㏿ࡃࠊࡼࡾ㧗ࡃࠊࡼࡾᙉࡃ㸧ࠖ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢࣔࢵࢺ࣮࡛࠶ࡾࠊ

㏆௦♫఍ࡢ౯್࡜㌶ࢆ୍࡟ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㏿ࡃ㉮ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ➽ຊࡸᣢஂຊࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟

㏆௦♫఍ࡢ౯್࡜㌶ࢆ୍࡟ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㏿ࡃ㉮ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ➽ຊࡸᣢஂຊࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟

ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࡀຠᯝⓗ࠿ࠋࡓࡔࠊࡇࡢ౯್ࢆ㏣ồ࡛ࡁࡿே㐩ࡣពእ࡜ᑡ࡞࠸ࠋே㛫ࡢࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࡀຠᯝⓗ࠿ࠋࡓࡔࠊࡇࡢ౯್ࢆ㏣ồ࡛ࡁࡿே㐩ࡣពእ࡜ᑡ࡞࠸ࠋே㛫ࡢ㌟యࡢከᵝᛶ࠿ࡽࡳࢀࡤࡈࡃ୍㒊ࠊᅗ  ࡢᴃ෇ࡢ㒊ศ࡟࠶ࡓࡿࠋゝ࠸᥮࠼ࢀࡤ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ά㌍㌟యࡢከᵝᛶ࠿ࡽࡳࢀࡤࡈࡃ୍㒊ࠊᅗ  ࡢᴃ෇ࡢ㒊ศ࡟࠶ࡓࡿࠋゝ࠸᥮࠼ࢀࡤ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ά㌍࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞యࢆᣢࡗࡓேࡓࡕ࡛ࠊྛ➇ᢏ࡟≉໬ࡋࡓ㌟య㸦㝈ᐃⓗ࡞㌟య㸧ࡢᣢࡕ୺࡛ࠊே㢮ࡢࣃ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞యࢆᣢࡗࡓேࡓࡕ࡛ࠊྛ➇ᢏ࡟≉໬ࡋࡓ㌟య㸦㝈ᐃⓗ࡞㌟య㸧ࡢᣢࡕ୺࡛ࠊே㢮ࡢࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡢ㝈⏺࡟ᣮᡓ࡛ࡁࡿேࡓࡕ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗෆࡢ◚⥺㸧ࠋࡇࡢ⠊ᅖእ࡟࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࠊ౛࠼ࡤከ

ࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡢ㝈⏺࡟ᣮᡓ࡛ࡁࡿேࡓࡕ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗෆࡢ◚⥺㸧ࠋࡇࡢ⠊ᅖእ࡟࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࠊ౛࠼ࡤከ

ࡃࡢ㧗㱋⪅ࡸᏊ࡝ࡶࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࠊ࣓ࢱ࣎ࣜࢵࢡࢩࣥࢻ࣮࣒ࣟ࡟ᝎࡴ୰ᖺ⏨ᛶࡓࡕ࡞࡝ࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

ࡃࡢ㧗㱋⪅ࡸᏊ࡝ࡶࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࠊ࣓ࢱ࣎ࣜࢵࢡࢩࣥࢻ࣮࣒ࣟ࡟ᝎࡴ୰ᖺ⏨ᛶࡓࡕ࡞࡝ࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

࡜ࡣ⦕㐲࠸Ꮡᅾ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࡼ࠸ࠋ

࡜ࡣ⦕㐲࠸Ꮡᅾ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࡼ࠸ࠋ

୍᪉ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡶ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡྠᵝ࡟༟㉺ᛶࡢ㏣ồ࡟౯್ࢆ⨨࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣃࣛࣜ

୍᪉ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡶ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡྠᵝ࡟༟㉺ᛶࡢ㏣ồ࡟౯್ࢆ⨨࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣃࣛࣜ

ࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡣࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢ౯್ࠊ㸺ከᵝᛶࡢ㏣ồ㸼ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ౯್ࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢෆᐜࢆࡼࡾ㇏

ࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡣࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢ౯್ࠊ㸺ከᵝᛶࡢ㏣ồ㸼ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ౯್ࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩥ໬ࡢෆᐜࢆࡼࡾ㇏

࠿࡟ᣑࡆ࡚ࡃࢀࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᏑᅾព⩏ࢆ☜ᅛࡓࡿ౯್࠶ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢜ࢫ࣮࣭࢝ࣆࢫ

࠿࡟ᣑࡆ࡚ࡃࢀࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᏑᅾព⩏ࢆ☜ᅛࡓࡿ౯್࠶ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢜ࢫ࣮࣭࢝ࣆࢫ

ࢺࣜ࢘ࢫࡢࡼ࠺࡟㞀ᐖࡢ࡞࠸ேࡢࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢆ෽㥙ࡍࡿ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶᏑᅾࡍࡿࡀࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ࡳࢀࡤࢺࣜ࢘ࢫࡢࡼ࠺࡟㞀ᐖࡢ࡞࠸ேࡢࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢆ෽㥙ࡍࡿ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶᏑᅾࡍࡿࡀࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ࡳࢀࡤ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࣞ࣋ࣝࡣ㞀ᐖࡢ࡞࠸ே࡜ẚ࡭࡚ప࠸㸦ᅗෆࡢᐇ⥺㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊ㞀ᐖࡀ㔜ᗘ࡛࠶㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࣞ࣋ࣝࡣ㞀ᐖࡢ࡞࠸ே࡜ẚ࡭࡚ప࠸㸦ᅗෆࡢᐇ⥺㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊ㞀ᐖࡀ㔜ᗘ࡛࠶

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22

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ࢀࡤ࠶ࡿ࡯࡝ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࣞ࣋ࣝࡣపࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㌟యࡢᣢࡕ୺࡛࠶ࢀࠊࢫ࣏࣮

ࢀࡤ࠶ࡿ࡯࡝ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࣞ࣋ࣝࡣపࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㌟యࡢᣢࡕ୺࡛࠶ࢀࠊࢫ࣏࣮

ࢶ࡟ཧຍ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡑࡋ࡚຾฼ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡓࡾࠊ➇ᢏ⊂⮬ࢶ࡟ཧຍ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡑࡋ࡚຾฼ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡓࡾࠊ➇ᢏ⊂⮬ࡢᴦࡋࡉࡸẼᣢࡕࡼࡉࢆ࿡ࢃ࠸ࠊᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋࡇࢀࡀ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡢᴦࡋࡉࡸẼᣢࡕࡼࡉࢆ࿡ࢃ࠸ࠊᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋࡇࢀࡀ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

໭ிࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡣ㟁ື㌴࠸ࡍ࡟஌ࡾࠊ⮬ศࡢຊ࡛ࡣࣛࢣࢵࢺࢆᥱࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㔜ᗘ㞀໭ிࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡣ㟁ື㌴࠸ࡍ࡟஌ࡾࠊ⮬ศࡢຊ࡛ࡣࣛࢣࢵࢺࢆᥱࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㔜ᗘ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿࢹࣦ࢕ࢵࢻ࣭ࢸ࣮࣮ࣛ㑅ᡭࡀ㌴࠸ࡍࢸࢽࢫࡢ㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸㒊࡟ฟሙࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࣛࢣࢵࢺࢆࢫ

ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿࢹࣦ࢕ࢵࢻ࣭ࢸ࣮࣮ࣛ㑅ᡭࡀ㌴࠸ࡍࢸࢽࢫࡢ㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸㒊࡟ฟሙࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࣛࢣࢵࢺࢆࢫ

ࢺࣛࢵࣉ࡛ᕥᡭ࡟ᕳࡁ௜ࡅࣛࢣࢵࢺࢆ᣺ࡿࠋ୧㊊࡟࣮࣎ࣝࢆᣳࢇ࡛࣮࣎ࣝࢆୖ࡟ᨺࡾୖࡿࢺࢫ࡛ࢧ

ࢺࣛࢵࣉ࡛ᕥᡭ࡟ᕳࡁ௜ࡅࣛࢣࢵࢺࢆ᣺ࡿࠋ୧㊊࡟࣮࣎ࣝࢆᣳࢇ࡛࣮࣎ࣝࢆୖ࡟ᨺࡾୖࡿࢺࢫ࡛ࢧ

࣮ࣈࢆᡴࡘࠋྑᡭ࡛㟁ື㌴࠸ࡍࢆ᧯సࡋࠊ㌴࠸ࡍࡈ࡜ᅇ㌿ࡋ࡚ࣂࢵࢡࣁࣥࢻࢫࢺ࣮ࣟࢡࢆᡴࡘࠋΏ

࣮ࣈࢆᡴࡘࠋྑᡭ࡛㟁ື㌴࠸ࡍࢆ᧯సࡋࠊ㌴࠸ࡍࡈ࡜ᅇ㌿ࡋ࡚ࣂࢵࢡࣁࣥࢻࢫࢺ࣮ࣟࢡࢆᡴࡘࠋΏ

㒊㸦㸧ࡀゝ࠺๰㐀ⓗ࡞⮬↛㌟య࠿ࡽ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡁࡓືࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙼࡀࢸࢽࢫࢆࣉ࣮ࣞࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

㒊㸦㸧ࡀゝ࠺๰㐀ⓗ࡞⮬↛㌟య࠿ࡽ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡁࡓືࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙼࡀࢸࢽࢫࢆࣉ࣮ࣞࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓ࠾࠿ࡆ࡛ࠊࢸࢽࢫࢆᴦࡋࡵࡿேࡢ⠊ᅖࡣ኱ࡁࡃᣑࡆࡽࢀࡓ࡟㐪࠸࡞ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓ࠾࠿ࡆ࡛ࠊࢸࢽࢫࢆᴦࡋࡵࡿேࡢ⠊ᅖࡣ኱ࡁࡃᣑࡆࡽࢀࡓ࡟㐪࠸࡞

࠸ࠋ

࠸ࠋ

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ᩥ⊩

ᩥ⊩

㸯㸧℈ᓥᮁ࡯࠿⦅㸦㸧ࠗ♫఍Ꮫᑠ㎡඾࠘
㸦᭷ᩫ㛶㸧
㸬ᮾி㸬

㸯㸧℈ᓥᮁ࡯࠿⦅㸦㸧ࠗ♫఍Ꮫᑠ㎡඾࠘
㸦᭷ᩫ㛶㸧
㸬ᮾி㸬

㸰㸧Ⳣཎ♩┘ಟ㸦㸧ࠗࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ♫఍Ꮫㅮᗙ㸯 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ♫఍Ꮫࡢᇶ♏⌮ㄽ࠘㸦୙᫕ᇽฟ∧㸧㸬㸰㸧Ⳣཎ♩┘ಟ㸦㸧ࠗࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ♫఍Ꮫㅮᗙ㸯 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ♫఍Ꮫࡢᇶ♏⌮ㄽ࠘㸦୙᫕ᇽฟ∧㸧
㸬

ᮾி㸬

ᮾி㸬

㸱㸧Ἑすṇ༤㸦㸧㸸㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡳࡿࠕ೺ᖖ⪅ࠖ㸭ࠕ㞀ࡀ࠸⪅ࠖ㛫ࡢ㛵ಀᵓ⠏࡜㌟యᛶ㸪㸱㸧Ἑすṇ༤㸦㸧㸸㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡳࡿࠕ೺ᖖ⪅ࠖ㸭ࠕ㞀ࡀ࠸⪅ࠖ㛫ࡢ㛵ಀᵓ⠏࡜㌟యᛶ㸪ᯇ⏣ᜨ♧࣭ᯇᑿဴ▮࣭Ᏻᯇᖿᒎ⦅㸬ࠗ⚟♴♫఍ࡢ࢔࣑࣮ࣗࢬ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㸫㌟య࠿ࡽࡢᯇ⏣ᜨ♧࣭ᯇᑿဴ▮࣭Ᏻᯇᖿᒎ⦅㸬ࠗ⚟♴♫఍ࡢ࢔࣑࣮ࣗࢬ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㸫㌟య࠿ࡽࡢࣃ࣮ࢫ࣌ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࠘
㸬ୡ⏺ᛮ᝿♫㸪㸬ி㒔ࣃ࣮ࢫ࣌ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࠘
㸬ୡ⏺ᛮ᝿♫㸪㸬ி㒔㸲㸧Ώ㒊᠇୍㸦㸧㸸ࠗ㌟య㞀ࡀ࠸࡜ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆㄞࡴ࠘
㸪㧗Ⳣฟ∧㸬ி㒔㸬㸲㸧Ώ㒊᠇୍㸦㸧㸸ࠗ㌟య㞀ࡀ࠸࡜ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆㄞࡴ࠘
㸪㧗Ⳣฟ∧㸬ி㒔㸬

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༟㉺ᛶࡢ㏣ồ༟㉺ᛶࡢ㏣ồ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ౯್

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ౯್

ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ౯್

ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ౯್

ከᵝᛶࡢ㏣ồᅗ  ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㸸ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀᣢࡘ౯್ࡢከᵝ໬23

ከᵝᛶࡢ㏣ồᅗ  ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㸸ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀᣢࡘ౯್ࡢከᵝ໬
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23

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「スポーツを通じた社会開発」「スポーツを通じた社会開発」
山口 拓

山口 拓

筑波大学助教筑波大学助教㸯 ᪂ࡓ࡞ୡ⏺ほࡢᙧᡂ㸯 ᪂ࡓ࡞ୡ⏺ほࡢᙧᡂ㸯㸯 ᅜᐙࡢᩘ࡜㛤Ⓨᣦᩘ㸯㸯 ᅜᐙࡢᩘ࡜㛤Ⓨᣦᩘᅜᐙࡢᩘࡣࠊᢎㄆࡍࡿ⤌⧊ࡸᅜࡢ⌮ゎࡸᛮ⪃࡟ᛂࡌ࡚␗࡞ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ࠾࠾ࡼࡑ  ࣧᅜ⛬ᗘࡀᏑᅜᐙࡢᩘࡣࠊᢎㄆࡍࡿ⤌⧊ࡸᅜࡢ⌮ゎࡸᛮ⪃࡟ᛂࡌ࡚␗࡞ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ࠾࠾ࡼࡑ  ࣧᅜ⛬ᗘࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅜ㝿㈉⊩⤌⧊ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡽ඲࡚ࡢᅵᆅ࡟ᬽࡽࡍேࠎࡢᏳ඲࡛Ᏻᐃࡋࡓ⏕άࡢಖ㞀ࢆồࡵᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅜ㝿㈉⊩⤌⧊ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡽ඲࡚ࡢᅵᆅ࡟ᬽࡽࡍேࠎࡢᏳ඲࡛Ᏻᐃࡋࡓ⏕άࡢಖ㞀ࢆồࡵ࡚ࠊከ㠃ⓗ࡞ᨭ᥼άືࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᨭ᥼ࡢᡂᯝࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓࠕ㈋ᐩࢆᅗࡿ㛤Ⓨ࡚ࠊከ㠃ⓗ࡞ᨭ᥼άືࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᨭ᥼ࡢᡂᯝࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓࠕ㈋ᐩࢆᅗࡿ㛤Ⓨᣦᩘࠖࡣࠊୡ㖟ࡢ⤒῭㛤Ⓨࠊ㹓㹌㹂㹎ࡢே㛫㛤Ⓨࠊ㹍㹃㹁㹂ࡢᖾ⚟ᗘ࡞࡝ከࡃᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡝ࡢ

ᣦᩘࠖࡣࠊୡ㖟ࡢ⤒῭㛤Ⓨࠊ㹓㹌㹂㹎ࡢே㛫㛤Ⓨࠊ㹍㹃㹁㹂ࡢᖾ⚟ᗘ࡞࡝ከࡃᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡝ࡢ

ᣦᶆ࡛ࡶࠊ༙ᩘ௨ୖࡀⱞ㞴ࢆᙉ࠸ࡽࢀࡿᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢෆࡢ༙ᩘ⛬ᗘࡢᆅᇦࡀཝࡋ࠸⎔ቃ࡟⨨࠿ᣦᶆ࡛ࡶࠊ༙ᩘ௨ୖࡀⱞ㞴ࢆᙉ࠸ࡽࢀࡿᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢෆࡢ༙ᩘ⛬ᗘࡢᆅᇦࡀཝࡋ࠸⎔ቃ࡟⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

᫖௒࡛ࡣࠊᅜᐙࡢ≧ἣࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊඛ㐍ᅜ࣭᪂⯆ᅜ࣭㏵ୖᅜ࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᅜෆ࠾ࡼࡧᆅᇦ᱁ᕪࡀᗈࡀ

᫖௒࡛ࡣࠊᅜᐙࡢ≧ἣࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊඛ㐍ᅜ࣭᪂⯆ᅜ࣭㏵ୖᅜ࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᅜෆ࠾ࡼࡧᆅᇦ᱁ᕪࡀᗈࡀ

ࡾࠊ㆙➜ࡀ㬆ࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⛬ᗘࡢᕪࡇࡑ࠶ࢀࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࢿࢵࢺ࢝ࣇ࢙㞴Ẹࡸ௚ᅜࡢ㊰ୖ⏕ά⪅➼ࠊࡾࠊ㆙➜ࡀ㬆ࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⛬ᗘࡢᕪࡇࡑ࠶ࢀࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࢿࢵࢺ࢝ࣇ࢙㞴Ẹࡸ௚ᅜࡢ㊰ୖ⏕ά⪅➼ࠊ♫఍ⓗᙅ⪅ࡀ⊂ຊ࡛㈇ࡢ㐃㙐ࢆ᩿ࡕษࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ሙྜࡶከࡃࠊ୍᪘࡛㈇ࡢ㑇⏘ࢆᘬࡁ⥅ࡄࡇ࡜♫఍ⓗᙅ⪅ࡀ⊂ຊ࡛㈇ࡢ㐃㙐ࢆ᩿ࡕษࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ሙྜࡶከࡃࠊ୍᪘࡛㈇ࡢ㑇⏘ࢆᘬࡁ⥅ࡄࡇ࡜ࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋᅜᐙⓗ࡞ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࢿࢵࢺࡣᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡲࡎࡣᆅᇦࡢ♫఍ໟᦤࢆ⥅⥆࡛ࡁࡿ஫ࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋᅜᐙⓗ࡞ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࢿࢵࢺࡣᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡲࡎࡣᆅᇦࡢ♫఍ໟᦤࢆ⥅⥆࡛ࡁࡿ஫ຓ♫఍ࡢᐇ⌧ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋ

ຓ♫఍ࡢᐇ⌧ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋ

ୡ⏺኱ᡓ௨㝆ࠊᅜ㝿㈉⊩⤌⧊ࡀኻᩋ࡜ᡂຌࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡇࡢᯝ࡚ࡋ࡞࠸┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓୡ⏺኱ᡓ௨㝆ࠊᅜ㝿㈉⊩⤌⧊ࡀኻᩋ࡜ᡂຌࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡇࡢᯝ࡚ࡋ࡞࠸┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟άືࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣏ࢫࢺ᳜Ẹᆅᨻ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ᒎ㛤ࡉࢀࡓᨭ᥼άື࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ⤒῭㛤Ⓨ࠿ࡽࡵ࡟άືࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣏ࢫࢺ᳜Ẹᆅᨻ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ᒎ㛤ࡉࢀࡓᨭ᥼άື࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ⤒῭㛤Ⓨ࠿ࡽ♫఍㛤Ⓨࡸᆅᇦ㛤Ⓨࢆ⤒࡚ࠊே㛫㛤Ⓨࡸே㛫ࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀࡜࠸࠺ࣄࢺࢆぢᤣ࠼ࡓ㛤Ⓨィ⏬࡬࡜⮳ࡾࠊ♫఍㛤Ⓨࡸᆅᇦ㛤Ⓨࢆ⤒࡚ࠊே㛫㛤Ⓨࡸே㛫ࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀࡜࠸࠺ࣄࢺࢆぢᤣ࠼ࡓ㛤Ⓨィ⏬࡬࡜⮳ࡾࠊ᭱㏆࡛ࡣࠊᨭ᥼ࡢከᵝ໬࡟క࠸ࠊ㹋㹂㹅㹱ᡈࡣ㹑㹂㹅㹱࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ )DVWWUDFN ⥭ᛴ ㄢ㢟ࢆ୺㍈

᭱㏆࡛ࡣࠊᨭ᥼ࡢከᵝ໬࡟క࠸ࠊ㹋㹂㹅㹱ᡈࡣ㹑㹂㹅㹱࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ )DVWWUDFN ⥭ᛴ ㄢ㢟ࢆ୺㍈࡟ᤣ࠼ࡓᨭ᥼࡬࡜ኚ໬ࡋጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࡟ᤣ࠼ࡓᨭ᥼࡬࡜ኚ໬ࡋጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸯㸰 ୡ⏺ࡢ :(% ໬࡜㐃ືᛶ㸯㸰 ୡ⏺ࡢ :(% ໬࡜㐃ືᛶඛ࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㹁㹍㹎 ࡢ㆟ㄽࡀ≀ㄒࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㏵ୖᅜࡸඛ㐍ᅜࢆၥࢃࡎࠊ඲࡚ࡢᅜᐙࠊ⤌⧊ࠊࣄඛ࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㹁㹍㹎 ࡢ㆟ㄽࡀ≀ㄒࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㏵ୖᅜࡸඛ㐍ᅜࢆၥࢃࡎࠊ඲࡚ࡢᅜᐙࠊ⤌⧊ࠊࣄࢺࡣࠊᐦ᥋ⓗ࡟㛵ಀࡋࠊ᫖௒ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬ࡢ㐍ᒎࡣࠊ඲࡚ࡢຌ⨥ࡀ඲ୡ⏺ⓗ࡟㐃ືࡍࡿ♫఍ࢆ⠏ࢺࡣࠊᐦ᥋ⓗ࡟㛵ಀࡋࠊ᫖௒ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬ࡢ㐍ᒎࡣࠊ඲࡚ࡢຌ⨥ࡀ඲ୡ⏺ⓗ࡟㐃ືࡍࡿ♫఍ࢆ⠏ࡁୖࡆࡓ࡜㑏ඖ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ୍᪉࡛⤒῭ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬ࡀࡑࡢ௚ࡢ㡿ᇦࢆྵࡵ࡚ᣑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

ࡁୖࡆࡓ࡜㑏ඖ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ୍᪉࡛⤒῭ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬ࡀࡑࡢ௚ࡢ㡿ᇦࢆྵࡵ࡚ᣑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

ࡀࠊ௚᪉࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢ┿㏫ࡢ཯ᛂ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆᶍ⣴ࡍࡿ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬ࡀ㐍⾜ࡋࠊࡉࡽ࡟

ࡀࠊ௚᪉࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢ┿㏫ࡢ཯ᛂ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆᶍ⣴ࡍࡿ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬ࡀ㐍⾜ࡋࠊࡉࡽ࡟

ࡣᆅᨻᏛⓗ࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽᇦෆ㐃ᦠࡢᵝ┦ࢆ῝ࡵࡿ࡞࡝ࠊ
」㞧࡞㹕㹃㹀໬♫఍ࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓ࡜ࡉ࠼ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡣᆅᨻᏛⓗ࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽᇦෆ㐃ᦠࡢᵝ┦ࢆ῝ࡵࡿ࡞࡝ࠊ
」㞧࡞㹕㹃㹀໬♫఍ࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓ࡜ࡉ࠼ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ௨ୖࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽࠊ㹕㹃㹀໬ࡋࡓ♫఍ࡀᏳᐃⓗ࡞ୡ⏺ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊಶࠎࡢᙺ๭ࠊ≉␗ᛶࠊ౯್

௨ୖࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽࠊ㹕㹃㹀໬ࡋࡓ♫఍ࡀᏳᐃⓗ࡞ୡ⏺ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊಶࠎࡢᙺ๭ࠊ≉␗ᛶࠊ౯್

ࢆ⌮ゎࡋ࡚ඹᏑࡋࠊ஫࠸࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ྜ࠺୰࡛ࠕࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬♫఍ࠖࡢᙧᡂࡀ⌮᝿ⓗࡔ࡜ឤࡌࡽࢀ

ࢆ⌮ゎࡋ࡚ඹᏑࡋࠊ஫࠸࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ྜ࠺୰࡛ࠕࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬♫఍ࠖࡢᙧᡂࡀ⌮᝿ⓗࡔ࡜ឤࡌࡽࢀ

ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬࡜ࡣࠊ
ࠕእ᮶ᩥ໬ࡢὶ⏝ࠖࠕ⩻ヂⓗ㐺⏝ࠖࠕᅵ╔໬ࠖ࡞࡝࡜ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ

ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬࡜ࡣࠊ
ࠕእ᮶ᩥ໬ࡢὶ⏝ࠖࠕ⩻ヂⓗ㐺⏝ࠖࠕᅵ╔໬ࠖ࡞࡝࡜ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ

ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ♫఍࡛࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝྠኈࡀ஫࠸ࡢ⊂⮬ᛶࢆಖࡕ࡞ࡀࡽ஺ὶ㸦,QWHUFKDQJHDFWLRQ㸧ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ♫఍࡛࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝྠኈࡀ஫࠸ࡢ⊂⮬ᛶࢆಖࡕ࡞ࡀࡽ஺ὶ㸦,QWHUFKDQJHDFWLRQ㸧

2424ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࠊ┦஫⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵࡿ࡜ඹ࡟᭷┈࡞஦㇟ࢆ┦஫࡟ᅵ╔໬ࡉࡏࡿࣉࣟࢭࢫࠖ࡜ᐃ⩏࡙ࡅ࡚౑ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࠊ┦஫⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵࡿ࡜ඹ࡟᭷┈࡞஦㇟ࢆ┦஫࡟ᅵ╔໬ࡉࡏࡿࣉࣟࢭࢫࠖ࡜ᐃ⩏࡙ࡅ࡚౑

⏝ࡍࡿࠋ

⏝ࡍࡿࠋ

ࡉ࡚ࠊ
ࠕᅜෆⓗ࡞♫఍ⓗໟᦤࠖ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠕᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬ࠖࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊಶேࡀே✀ࠊࡉ࡚ࠊࠕᅜෆⓗ࡞♫఍ⓗໟᦤࠖ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠕᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬ࠖࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊಶேࡀே✀ࠊᛶูࠊ᐀ᩍࠊ㢼಑ࡸࣄࢺࡢಶᛶࡸ≉ᚩࢆ༑ศ࡟⌮ゎࡋࠊከᵝ࡞♫఍ࢆᙧᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ஫

ᛶูࠊ᐀ᩍࠊ㢼಑ࡸࣄࢺࡢಶᛶࡸ≉ᚩࢆ༑ศ࡟⌮ゎࡋࠊከᵝ࡞♫఍ࢆᙧᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ஫

࠸ࡢ⌮ゎࢆ᪥ᖖⓗ࡟ಁ㐍ࡉࡏࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣከࡃ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖࡣࠊ㝈ࡽࢀࡓ᫬㛫ෆ࠸ࡢ⌮ゎࢆ᪥ᖖⓗ࡟ಁ㐍ࡉࡏࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣከࡃ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖࡣࠊ㝈ࡽࢀࡓ᫬㛫ෆ࡟ࠊᴦࡋࡳ࡞ࡀࡽඹ㏻ࡢ┠ᶆ㐩ᡂࢆ┠ᣦࡏࡿୖ࡟ࠊほࡿࣔࣀࢆចࡁࡘࡅ࡚ឤືࡉࡏࠊ᝟ሗࢆఏᦙࡍ

࡟ࠊᴦࡋࡳ࡞ࡀࡽඹ㏻ࡢ┠ᶆ㐩ᡂࢆ┠ᣦࡏࡿୖ࡟ࠊほࡿࣔࣀࢆចࡁࡘࡅ࡚ឤືࡉࡏࠊ᝟ሗࢆఏᦙࡍ

ࡿ≉Ṧᛶࡍࡽᣢࡕഛ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡿ≉Ṧᛶࡍࡽᣢࡕഛ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸰 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ㛤Ⓨ㸰 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ㛤Ⓨ㸰㸯 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᅜ㝿㈉⊩ࡢⓎᒎ⤒⦋㸰㸯 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᅜ㝿㈉⊩ࡢⓎᒎ⤒⦋㏆ᖺࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⏺࡛ࡣࠊ/LWHUDF\㸦౯್⌮ゎ㸧ࠊ,QWHJULW\㸦㧗₩ᛶ㸧ࠊ/HJDF\㸦㑇⏘㸧࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧㏆ᖺࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⏺࡛ࡣࠊ/LWHUDF\㸦౯್⌮ゎ㸧ࠊ,QWHJULW\㸦㧗₩ᛶ㸧ࠊ/HJDF\㸦㑇⏘㸧࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࡀⰋࡃ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᣢ⥆ⓗ࡞Ⓨᒎ࡟Ḟ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ ᖺࡀⰋࡃ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᣢ⥆ⓗ࡞Ⓨᒎ࡟Ḟ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ ᖺ௨㝆ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್⌮ゎࡀ㐍ࡳࠊ♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ఩⨨௜ࡅࡀኚࢃࡾጞࡵࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭ࣃ

௨㝆ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್⌮ゎࡀ㐍ࡳࠊ♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ఩⨨௜ࡅࡀኚࢃࡾጞࡵࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭ࣃ

࣮ࢯࣥࡢ♫఍ⓗ㈐௵⾜ື࡜ࡶ࠸࠺࡭ࡁྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡬࡜Ⓨᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࣮ࢯࣥࡢ♫఍ⓗ㈐௵⾜ື࡜ࡶ࠸࠺࡭ࡁྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡬࡜Ⓨᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡇࢀࡣࠊ ᖺ௦࡟㉳ࡇࡗࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㈉⊩ࡢ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟౫ࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ୍ὶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㑅ᡭࠊࢫࡇࢀࡣࠊ ᖺ௦࡟㉳ࡇࡗࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㈉⊩ࡢ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟౫ࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ୍ὶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㑅ᡭࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶឡዲᐙࠊ♫఍⚟♴ᐙ➼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᅜෆእࡢⲡࡢ᰿άື࡜ࡋ࡚㛤ጞࡉࢀࠊࡑࡢᐇຠᛶࡢ㧗ࡉ࠿ࡽ࣏࣮ࢶឡዲᐙࠊ♫఍⚟♴ᐙ➼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᅜෆእࡢⲡࡢ᰿άື࡜ࡋ࡚㛤ጞࡉࢀࠊࡑࡢᐇຠᛶࡢ㧗ࡉ࠿ࡽḟ➨࡟ྛᅜ࣭ྛ⤌⧊ࡢᨻ⟇ⓗ࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ྲྀࡾ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸦㹑㹂㹎㹇㹕㹅㸧ࠋḟ➨࡟ྛᅜ࣭ྛ⤌⧊ࡢᨻ⟇ⓗ࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ྲྀࡾ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸦㹑㹂㹎㹇㹕㹅㸧ࠋ ᖺ௦࡟ධࡾᅜ㐃஦ົ⥲㛗ࡢᖹ࿴࡜㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ≉ู㢳ၥࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ₻ὶ ᖺ௦࡟ධࡾᅜ㐃஦ົ⥲㛗ࡢᖹ࿴࡜㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ≉ู㢳ၥࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ₻ὶࡣຊᙉࡉࢆቑࡋࠊ
ࠕᅜ㐃ᖹ࿴࡜㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ஦ົᒁ 㹓㹌㹍㹑㹂㹎 ࡢタ⨨ࠖࠊࠕᅜ㝿఍㆟ࡢᐉ

ࡣຊᙉࡉࢆቑࡋࠊ
ࠕᅜ㐃ᖹ࿴࡜㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ஦ົᒁ 㹓㹌㹍㹑㹂㹎 ࡢタ⨨ࠖࠊࠕᅜ㝿఍㆟ࡢᐉゝࠖࠊࠕᅜ㝿ᶵ㛵ࡢ⤌⧊໬ࠖࠊࠕྛᅜࡢἲไᗘࡢᨵኚࠖ
ࠊࠕయ⫱ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᅜ㝿ᖺࡢタ⨨ࠖࢆᑟࡁࠊ࣓࣭࢞ゝࠖࠊࠕᅜ㝿ᶵ㛵ࡢ⤌⧊໬ࠖࠊࠕྛᅜࡢἲไᗘࡢᨵኚࠖ
ࠊࠕయ⫱ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᅜ㝿ᖺࡢタ⨨ࠖࢆᑟࡁࠊ࣓࣭࢞

࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢຠᯝࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡼࡾᙉᅛ࡞ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡬࡜㐍໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ㸦㹆㹅㸧ࠋ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢຠᯝࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡼࡾᙉᅛ࡞ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡬࡜㐍໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ㸦㹆㹅㸧ࠋ ᖺࡢ➨  ḟ㹓㹌㹍㹑㹂㹎యไࡀᶞ❧ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ㛤Ⓨ⏺࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⏺ࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿ㹓㹌࡜㹇㹍㹁ࡀ ᖺࡢ➨  ḟ㹓㹌㹍㹑㹂㹎యไࡀᶞ❧ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ㛤Ⓨ⏺࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⏺ࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿ㹓㹌࡜㹇㹍㹁ࡀᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞ᙉㄪ⾜ືࢆྲྀࡾጞࡵࠊ ᖺࡢࠕᅜ㐃࣭ᖹ࿴࡜㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢹ࣮ࠖ
ࠊ ᖺࡢᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞ᙉㄪ⾜ືࢆྲྀࡾጞࡵࠊ ᖺࡢࠕᅜ㐃࣭ᖹ࿴࡜㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢹ࣮ࠖ
ࠊ ᖺࡢ4XDOLW\3K\VLFDO(GXFDWLRQ*XLGHOLQH ࠊయ⫱ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᅜ㝿᠇❶ࡢᨵᐃ࡞࡝ࠊ᪂ᪧවࡡྜࢃࡏࡓᨵ

4XDOLW\3K\VLFDO(GXFDWLRQ*XLGHOLQH ࠊయ⫱ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᅜ㝿᠇❶ࡢᨵᐃ࡞࡝ࠊ᪂ᪧවࡡྜࢃࡏࡓᨵ

ኚࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ኚࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸰㸰 ᪂ࡓ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⌮ゎ㸰㸰 ᪂ࡓ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⌮ゎࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㈉⊩ࡣࠊձࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㛤Ⓨࠖղࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡼࡿ㛤Ⓨࠖճࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ㛤Ⓨࠖࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㈉⊩ࡣࠊձࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㛤Ⓨࠖղࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡼࡿ㛤Ⓨࠖճࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ㛤Ⓨࠖࡢ㸱ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿࠋణࡋࠊ᫬࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢάືࡣࠊࡑࡢ୧➃ࢆ㉸࠼࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

㸱ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿࠋణࡋࠊ᫬࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢάືࡣࠊࡑࡢ୧➃ࢆ㉸࠼࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

㛵㐃⤌⧊ࡀ⾜࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ᣺⯆ࠊᡈࡣࠊ㛤Ⓨ㛵㐃⤌⧊ࡀ⾜࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆྵࡲ࡞࠸ᨭ᥼άື࡬᥎⛣ࡋ࡚㛵㐃⤌⧊ࡀ⾜࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ᣺⯆ࠊᡈࡣࠊ㛤Ⓨ㛵㐃⤌⧊ࡀ⾜࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆྵࡲ࡞࠸ᨭ᥼άື࡬᥎⛣ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊྛ㡿ᇦࡣಶูࡢᏑᅾ࡟࠶ࡽࡎࠊྠ஦ᴗෆ࡟」ᩘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡀ␗࡞ࡿ๭ྜ

࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊྛ㡿ᇦࡣಶูࡢᏑᅾ࡟࠶ࡽࡎࠊྠ஦ᴗෆ࡟」ᩘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡀ␗࡞ࡿ๭ྜ

࡛㓄⨨ࡉࢀࡿࠋ

࡛㓄⨨ࡉࢀࡿࠋ

ࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㛤Ⓨࠖࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㛵㐃⤌⧊ࡸேᮦࡢ⫱ᡂࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜࡛ྛᆅࡢ♫఍㛵ಀ㈨ᮏࢆ㧗ࡵࠊࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㛤Ⓨࠖࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㛵㐃⤌⧊ࡸேᮦࡢ⫱ᡂࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜࡛ྛᆅࡢ♫఍㛵ಀ㈨ᮏࢆ㧗ࡵࠊ೺ᗣ࡛㇏࠿࡞ᬽࡽࡋࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿຠᯝࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋḟ࡟ࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡼࡿ㛤Ⓨࠖࡣࠊྛேࡢே᱁ᙧ

೺ᗣ࡛㇏࠿࡞ᬽࡽࡋࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿຠᯝࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋḟ࡟ࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡼࡿ㛤Ⓨࠖࡣࠊྛேࡢே᱁ᙧ

ᡂࡸ⏕άᢏ⬟ࢆྵࡴ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࡢຠᯝࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ㛤Ⓨࠖࡣࠊᡂࡸ⏕άᢏ⬟ࢆྵࡴ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࡢຠᯝࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ㛤Ⓨࠖࡣࠊྛᆅᇦㄢ㢟ࡢᨵၿࢆຍ㏿ࡉࡏࡿ₶⁥Ἔ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᡈࡣࠊ፹௓࡜ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ྛᆅᇦㄢ㢟ࡢᨵၿࢆຍ㏿ࡉࡏࡿ₶⁥Ἔ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᡈࡣࠊ፹௓࡜ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

2525

ᙜヱ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㈉⊩஦ᴗ࡟㛵ࡍࡿከࡃࡢ࿧⛠ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᮏࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࡛࢘ࡣᅜ

ᙜヱ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㈉⊩஦ᴗ࡟㛵ࡍࡿከࡃࡢ࿧⛠ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᮏࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࡛࢘ࡣᅜ

ෆ࡛ࡢάືࢆ 'HYHORSPHQWWKRXJKW6SRUW''76ࠊᅜእ࡛ࡢάືࢆ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO'HYHORSPHQWෆ࡛ࡢάືࢆ 'HYHORSPHQWWKRXJKW6SRUW''76ࠊᅜእ࡛ࡢάືࢆ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO'HYHORSPHQW

,'6 ࡜⾲⌧ࡋ࡚༊ูࡍࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㈉⊩඲యࢆ 6SRUWIRU'HYHORSPHQWDQG
WKURXJK6SRUW,,'6 ࡜⾲⌧ࡋ࡚༊ูࡍࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㈉⊩඲యࢆ 6SRUWIRU'HYHORSPHQWDQG
WKURXJK6SRUW,3HDFH6
6'3 ࡜࿧⛠ࡍࡿࠋ

3HDFH6
6'3 ࡜࿧⛠ࡍࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊከ㠃ⓗ࡞ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝᵓ㐀ࡀୡ⏺໬ࡍࡿ♫఍≧ἣ࡟᪊࠸࡚ࠊྛᆅࡢ♫఍ࡀᦶ᧿ࢆ㉳ࡇࡉࡎࠊ࡞࠾ࠊከ㠃ⓗ࡞ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝᵓ㐀ࡀୡ⏺໬ࡍࡿ♫఍≧ἣ࡟᪊࠸࡚ࠊྛᆅࡢ♫఍ࡀᦶ᧿ࢆ㉳ࡇࡉࡎࠊ┦஫Ⓨᒎⓗ࡞Ⓨᒎࢆồࡵࡿ࡟ࡣࠊྛ⮬ࡢᩥ໬ࡸఏ⤫ࢆᢲࡋ௜ࡅࡎࠊྛ♫఍ࡢ⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵࠊໟᦤࡋࠊ

┦஫Ⓨᒎⓗ࡞Ⓨᒎࢆồࡵࡿ࡟ࡣࠊྛ⮬ࡢᩥ໬ࡸఏ⤫ࢆᢲࡋ௜ࡅࡎࠊྛ♫఍ࡢ⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵࠊໟᦤࡋࠊ

ㄆࡵྜ࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ㹑㹂㹎άືࡀ୙ྍḞࡔ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ

ㄆࡵྜ࠺ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ㹑㹂㹎άືࡀ୙ྍḞࡔ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ㸰㸱 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ኚ໬ $GDSWLYHVSRUW 㸰㸱 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್ኚ໬ $GDSWLYHVSRUW ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶᵝࠎ࡞ᆅᇦ࡛Ⓨ⚈ࡋࠊ㌟యᩥ໬ࢆక࠺ࡓࡵࠊᩥ໬ᖇᅜ୺⩏ⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶᵝࠎ࡞ᆅᇦ࡛Ⓨ⚈ࡋࠊ㌟యᩥ໬ࢆక࠺ࡓࡵࠊᩥ໬ᖇᅜ୺⩏ⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ

࠺࡟ὀពࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋୡ⏺ࡢྛᆅ࡟Ⅼᅾࡍࡿఏ⤫ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ

࠺࡟ὀពࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋୡ⏺ࡢྛᆅ࡟Ⅼᅾࡍࡿఏ⤫ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ

ఏ⤫ࡸᩥ໬ࡀ⧊ࡾ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣘࢽࣂ࣮ࢧࣝゝㄒ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ࣓ࢪ࣮ࣕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣࠊᚰࢆ㛤࠸ఏ⤫ࡸᩥ໬ࡀ⧊ࡾ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣘࢽࣂ࣮ࢧࣝゝㄒ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ࣓ࢪ࣮ࣕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡣࠊᚰࢆ㛤࠸ࡓ≧ែ࡛ከࡃࡢேࠎ࡜ඹ㏻ࡢ᪉ἲ࡛ᑐヰࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊ௚⪅ࢆཷᐜࡍࡿᘬࡁ㔠࡜࡞ࡾᚓࡿ

ࡓ≧ែ࡛ከࡃࡢேࠎ࡜ඹ㏻ࡢ᪉ἲ࡛ᑐヰࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊ௚⪅ࢆཷᐜࡍࡿᘬࡁ㔠࡜࡞ࡾᚓࡿ

ࡓࡵࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ஺ὶࢆ⾜࠺㝿࡟ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡑࡢࡶࡢࡢከᵝᛶࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋ

ࡓࡵࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ஺ὶࢆ⾜࠺㝿࡟ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡑࡢࡶࡢࡢከᵝᛶࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋ

ణࡋࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ྛேࡢ┠ⓗ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ┤᥋࣭㛫᥋ⓗ࡞ᡂᯝࢆồࡵࡿ㝿ࠊ᫬࡜ࡋ࡚ពᅗ

ణࡋࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ྛேࡢ┠ⓗ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ┤᥋࣭㛫᥋ⓗ࡞ᡂᯝࢆồࡵࡿ㝿ࠊ᫬࡜ࡋ࡚ពᅗ

ࡋ࡞࠸㑇⏘ࡀࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡿࠋ඲࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶཧຍ⪅࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ṇࡢ㑇⏘࡛࠶ࢀࡤㄢ㢟ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ㈇ࡢ

ࡋ࡞࠸㑇⏘ࡀࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡿࠋ඲࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶཧຍ⪅࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ṇࡢ㑇⏘࡛࠶ࢀࡤㄢ㢟ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ㈇ࡢ

㑇⏘ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ࡜ᦶ᧿ࡸㄢ㢟ࡢཎᅉ࡟࡞ࡾ࠿ࡡ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢᐇ᪋࡟ࡣ⣽ᚰࡢ㑇⏘ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ࡜ᦶ᧿ࡸㄢ㢟ࡢཎᅉ࡟࡞ࡾ࠿ࡡ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢᐇ᪋࡟ࡣ⣽ᚰࡢὀពࡀᡶࢃࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

ὀពࡀᡶࢃࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

࣮ࣝࣝࡣඹ㏻⌮ゎ࡟ࡼࡗ᳨࡚ウࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋࡃࠊᐇ᪋ᆅᇦ࠾ࡼࡧཧຍ⪅ࡢ≉ᛶࡸ㢼ᅵ࡟ྜ࣮ࣝࣝࡣඹ㏻⌮ゎ࡟ࡼࡗ᳨࡚ウࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋࡃࠊᐇ᪋ᆅᇦ࠾ࡼࡧཧຍ⪅ࡢ≉ᛶࡸ㢼ᅵ࡟ྜࢃࡏ᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋཧຍ⪅≉ᛶࡢ᳨ウ࡛ࡣࠊᐇ᪋࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᪋タࠊ㐨ලࠊ⾰᭹ࠊไᗘࠊ

ࢃࡏ᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋཧຍ⪅≉ᛶࡢ᳨ウ࡛ࡣࠊᐇ᪋࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᪋タࠊ㐨ලࠊ⾰᭹ࠊไᗘࠊ

᪉ἲ➼ࢆ⪃៖ࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
ཧຍ⪅ࡀࣉ࣮ࣞࢆྵࡴ඲࡚ࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆඹ᭷ࡋࠊ
⤒㦂▱ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ୰࡛ࠊ

᪉ἲ➼ࢆ⪃៖ࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
ཧຍ⪅ࡀࣉ࣮ࣞࢆྵࡴ඲࡚ࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆඹ᭷ࡋࠊ
⤒㦂▱ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ୰࡛ࠊ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್࡜ྛேࡢᩥ໬ⓗ┦㐪ᛶࢆ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ♫఍ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್࡜ྛேࡢᩥ໬ⓗ┦㐪ᛶࢆ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ♫఍ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ

ጼࡔ࡜ឤࡌࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ጼࡔ࡜ឤࡌࡽࢀࡿࠋ

௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ」㞧࣭」ᒙ໬ࡍࡿࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ♫఍࡛ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᅜ㝿㈉⊩ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ࡟

௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ」㞧࣭」ᒙ໬ࡍࡿࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ♫఍࡛ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᅜ㝿㈉⊩ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ࡟

࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡢᜠᜨࢆཷࡅࡿ඲࡚ࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㐪࿴ឤࡢ࡞࠸ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿ࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡢᜠᜨࢆཷࡅࡿ඲࡚ࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㐪࿴ឤࡢ࡞࠸ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋࡃࠊཧຍ⪅➼ࡢᑐヰ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ࠊ࢔ࢲࣉࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞࣮ࣝࣝࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆྲྀࡾᢅ

ࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋࡃࠊཧຍ⪅➼ࡢᑐヰ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ࠊ࢔ࢲࣉࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞࣮ࣝࣝࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆྲྀࡾᢅ

࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡜࡞ࢁ࠺ࠋ

࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡜࡞ࢁ࠺ࠋ㸱 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್๰㐀㸱 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ౯್๰㐀㸱㸯 ಶᛶࢆఙࡤࡍࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

㸱㸯 ಶᛶࢆఙࡤࡍࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

♫఍㛤Ⓨ࡟࠾ࡅࡿከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢᮍ᮶࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ
ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ♫఍㛤Ⓨࢆᐇ㊶ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊ
ࡲࡎࠊ♫఍㛤Ⓨ࡟࠾ࡅࡿከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢᮍ᮶࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ
ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ♫఍㛤Ⓨࢆᐇ㊶ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊ
ࡲࡎࠊୡ⏺࡟ᬽࡽࡍಶே࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡬ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫᶒࢆಖ㞀ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱๓ᥦ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᖹ➼ᛶୡ⏺࡟ᬽࡽࡍಶே࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡬ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫᶒࢆಖ㞀ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱๓ᥦ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᖹ➼ᛶࢆಖࡕࠊ࢚࢟ࢧ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ࡞ࢤ࣮࣒ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ
≉Ṧᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡣ㑊ࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ

ࢆಖࡕࠊ࢚࢟ࢧ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ࡞ࢤ࣮࣒ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ
≉Ṧᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡣ㑊ࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ

ྠᵝ࡟ᆅᇦࡢ⊂⮬ᛶࢆ㚷ࡳࡓࢤ࣮࣒ᵓ㐀ࢆཧຍ⪅ࡢ༠㆟࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᨵኚࡍࡿᚲせࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ

ྠᵝ࡟ᆅᇦࡢ⊂⮬ᛶࢆ㚷ࡳࡓࢤ࣮࣒ᵓ㐀ࢆཧຍ⪅ࡢ༠㆟࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᨵኚࡍࡿᚲせࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ

26

26

⫥య୙⮬⏤⪅ࡢࣃ࣭ࣛࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠊ⫈ぬ୙⮬⏤⪅ࡢࢹࣇ࣭ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠊ⢭⚄୙⮬⏤⪅ࡢࢫ࣌ࢩ࣭ࣕࣝ

⫥య୙⮬⏤⪅ࡢࣃ࣭ࣛࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠊ⫈ぬ୙⮬⏤⪅ࡢࢹࣇ࣭ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠊ⢭⚄୙⮬⏤⪅ࡢࢫ࣌ࢩ࣭ࣕࣝ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➼ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜศࡅࡉࢀࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊࣘࢽࣇ࢓࢖ࢻ࣭ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡸࣘࢽࣂ࣮ࢧ࣭ࣝ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➼ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜศࡅࡉࢀࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊࣘࢽࣇ࢓࢖ࢻ࣭ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡸࣘࢽࣂ࣮ࢧ࣭ࣝ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㑅ᢥࡉࢀࡓ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡀ⼥ྜࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡿࡲ࡛㐍໬ࡋጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࠕࢺࢵࣉࢫࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㑅ᢥࡉࢀࡓ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡀ⼥ྜࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡿࡲ࡛㐍໬ࡋጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࠕࢺࢵࣉࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫྥୖࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿ➇ᢏ⪅ࡢ⯆࿡ࢆ๐ࡄࠖ࡞࡝ࡢ㈶ྰ୧ㄽࡀక࠺࡜ࡇࢁ

࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫྥୖࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿ➇ᢏ⪅ࡢ⯆࿡ࢆ๐ࡄࠖ࡞࡝ࡢ㈶ྰ୧ㄽࡀక࠺࡜ࡇࢁ

࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ
ࠕ࣮ࣘࢫ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢⱝᖺᒙྥࡅࡢ➇ᢏ㑅ᢥࠖࠕ⏨ዪΰྜࡸ኱㝣ูඹྠࢳ࣮࣒⦅ᡂࠖ

࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ
ࠕ࣮ࣘࢫ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢⱝᖺᒙྥࡅࡢ➇ᢏ㑅ᢥࠖࠕ⏨ዪΰྜࡸ኱㝣ูඹྠࢳ࣮࣒⦅ᡂࠖ

ࠕᩥ໬ᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖ
㸦➉⏣㸧࡞࡝ࡀⰋ࠸౛࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

ࠕᩥ໬ᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖ
㸦➉⏣㸧࡞࡝ࡀⰋ࠸౛࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔࡛ࡣࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ௨ୖ࡟ⓑ⇕ࡋࠊ79 ᨺᫎࡢど⫈⋡ࡸほᡓ⋡ࡢ㧗࠸ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔㸦6($㸧ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔࡛ࡣࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ௨ୖ࡟ⓑ⇕ࡋࠊ79 ᨺᫎࡢど⫈⋡ࡸほᡓ⋡ࡢ㧗࠸ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔㸦6($㸧ࢤ࣮࣒ࢬ࡞࡝ࡢᆅᇦ኱఍࡛ࡣࠊ࢘ࢩ࣮ࣗࠊ࣌ࢱࣥࢡࠊࢭࣃࢱࢡ࣮ࣟ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ➇ᢏ✀┠ࢤ࣮࣒ࢬ࡞࡝ࡢᆅᇦ኱఍࡛ࡣࠊ࢘ࢩ࣮ࣗࠊ࣌ࢱࣥࢡࠊࢭࣃࢱࢡ࣮ࣟ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ➇ᢏ✀┠௨እࡢᆅᇦࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ┒ࡾ㎸ࢇ࡛➇ᢏࢆ⦅ᡂࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࣮ࣝࣝࡢᨵᐃࡶ኱఍ẖ࡟㛤࠿ࢀࡿ㐠Ⴀጤဨ௨እࡢᆅᇦࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ┒ࡾ㎸ࢇ࡛➇ᢏࢆ⦅ᡂࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࣮ࣝࣝࡢᨵᐃࡶ኱఍ẖ࡟㛤࠿ࢀࡿ㐠Ⴀጤဨ఍࡛༠㆟ࡋ࡚Ỵᐃࡉࢀࡿ➼ࠊ࢔ࢲࣉࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞᪉␎ࡀ᥇⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦㹍㹁㸿㸧ࠋ఍࡛༠㆟ࡋ࡚Ỵᐃࡉࢀࡿ➼ࠊ࢔ࢲࣉࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞᪉␎ࡀ᥇⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦㹍㹁㸿㸧ࠋ ௨ୖ࡟ࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᐇ㊶⪅ࡀồࡵࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࠕ┠ⓗࠖࡣࠊ᪤Ꮡࡢ⌮ゎࢆ㉸࠼ጞࡵ࡚ ௨ୖ࡟ࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᐇ㊶⪅ࡀồࡵࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࠕ┠ⓗࠖࡣࠊ᪤Ꮡࡢ⌮ゎࢆ㉸࠼ጞࡵ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ኱఍⮬㌟ࡶࠊࡑࢀ࡟ᛂ࠼ࡿࡓࡵࡢヨ⾜㘒ㄗࢆ㛤ጞࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᐇ㊶⪅ࡸࢫ࣏࠾ࡾࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ኱఍⮬㌟ࡶࠊࡑࢀ࡟ᛂ࠼ࡿࡓࡵࡢヨ⾜㘒ㄗࢆ㛤ጞࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᐇ㊶⪅ࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᐇ᪋ᆅᇦ࡟᭷┈࡞ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ㛤Ⓨ࣭⏕⏘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࣮ࢶᐇ᪋ᆅᇦ࡟᭷┈࡞ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ㛤Ⓨ࣭⏕⏘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸱㸰 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᐇ᪋ព⩏㸱㸰 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᐇ᪋ព⩏ࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡣఱࢆồࡵ࡚㛤ദࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿㸽ࠖࡲࡓࠊ
ࠕࡑࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡣఱࢆồࡵ࡚㛤ദࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿㸽ࠖࡲࡓࠊ
ࠕࡑࢀࡣࠊㄡࡢࡓࡵࡢࡶࡢ࡛ࠊఱࢆồࡵࡿ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢ࠿㸽ࠖᗄᗘ࡜࡞ࡃࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㆟ㄽ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ

ࢀࡣࠊㄡࡢࡓࡵࡢࡶࡢ࡛ࠊఱࢆồࡵࡿ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢ࠿㸽ࠖᗄᗘ࡜࡞ࡃࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㆟ㄽ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ

⟅࠼ࡣࠊձ୺ദ⪅ࡸ㛤ദᆅࡢ⌧≧࡜ղㄆྍ⤌⧊ࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃ⎔ቃࢆศᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜୍࡛ᐃ⛬ᗘࡢ⟅࠼ࢆ⟅࠼ࡣࠊձ୺ദ⪅ࡸ㛤ദᆅࡢ⌧≧࡜ղㄆྍ⤌⧊ࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃ⎔ቃࢆศᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜୍࡛ᐃ⛬ᗘࡢ⟅࠼ࢆᑟࡃࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᑟࡃࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ఍ࡣࠊ/HJDF\3URJUDP ࡟㛵ࡍࡿሗ࿌᭩㸦㹇㹍㹁㸧ࢆసᡂࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡇ

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ఍ࡣࠊ/HJDF\3URJUDP ࡟㛵ࡍࡿሗ࿌᭩㸦㹇㹍㹁㸧ࢆసᡂࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡇ

࡛ࡣ኱఍ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㐩ᡂࡉࢀࡓ㑇⏘ࢆࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ
ࠕ♫఍ࠖ
ࠕ⎔ቃࠖ
ࠕ㒔ᕷࠖ
ࠕ⤒῭ࠖࡢ  ࡘ࡟ศ㢮ࡋ࡚࡛ࡣ኱఍ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㐩ᡂࡉࢀࡓ㑇⏘ࢆࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠖ
ࠕ♫఍ࠖ
ࠕ⎔ቃࠖ
ࠕ㒔ᕷࠖ
ࠕ⤒῭ࠖࡢ  ࡘ࡟ศ㢮ࡋ࡚

኱఍ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡓࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮஦ᴗࡀ᫂♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㹇㹍㹁ࡢ┠ᣦࡍ᪉ྥᛶ࡜኱఍୺ദ

኱఍ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡓࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮஦ᴗࡀ᫂♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㹇㹍㹁ࡢ┠ᣦࡍ᪉ྥᛶ࡜኱఍୺ദ

㒔ᕷࡸᅜࡢၥ㢟ព㆑ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮ࡢ୍⩼ࢆᢸ࠸ࠊ㏆ᖺࠊୡ⏺࡛⇿Ⓨⓗ࡟㒔ᕷࡸᅜࡢၥ㢟ព㆑ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮ࡢ୍⩼ࢆᢸ࠸ࠊ㏆ᖺࠊୡ⏺࡛⇿Ⓨⓗ࡟㐍ᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㈉⊩ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖࡢグ㍕ࡀぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠸➼ࠊ㛤ദᆅࡀసᡂࡍࡿሗ࿌᭩࡜ࡢ

㐍ᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㈉⊩ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖࡢグ㍕ࡀぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠸➼ࠊ㛤ദᆅࡀసᡂࡍࡿሗ࿌᭩࡜ࡢ

୙ㄪ࿴ࡀ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

୙ㄪ࿴ࡀ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

୺ദ㒔ᕷ࠾ࡼࡧᅜࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➇ᢏ኱఍࡟බⓗ㈨㔠ࢆᢞࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊྛᅜࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㛵㐃୺ദ㒔ᕷ࠾ࡼࡧᅜࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➇ᢏ኱఍࡟බⓗ㈨㔠ࢆᢞࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊྛᅜࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㛵㐃ἲࡸᅜ㝿㛵ಀἲ࡟౫ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡶ኱ࡁࡃࠊᑠつᶍࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡶᆅᇦⓗ࡞⌧≧ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ

ἲࡸᅜ㝿㛵ಀἲ࡟౫ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡶ኱ࡁࡃࠊᑠつᶍࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡶᆅᇦⓗ࡞⌧≧ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ

⏕⏘ࡋࠊᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋᅜᐙⓗ࡞つᶍ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡿሙྜࠊࡑࡢከࡃࡀࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶἲ࡞࡝࡟‽ᣐ⏕⏘ࡋࠊᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋᅜᐙⓗ࡞つᶍ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡿሙྜࠊࡑࡢከࡃࡀࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶἲ࡞࡝࡟‽ᣐࡍࡿሙྜࡶከ࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᇶᮏἲ࡛ࡣࠊ
ࠕᅜẸ࡟㄂ࡾ࡜႐ࡧࠊክ࡜ឤືࢆ୚࠼ࠊᅜẸࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࡍࡿሙྜࡶከ࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᇶᮏἲ࡛ࡣࠊ
ࠕᅜẸ࡟㄂ࡾ࡜႐ࡧࠊክ࡜ឤືࢆ୚࠼ࠊᅜẸࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡬ࡢ㛵ᚰࢆ㧗ࡵ㸦୰␎㸧♫఍࡟άຊࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋࠊᅜẸ⤒῭ࡢⓎᒎ࡟ᗈࡃᐤ୚ࡍࡿࠖ࡜グࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࢶ࡬ࡢ㛵ᚰࢆ㧗ࡵ㸦୰␎㸧♫఍࡟άຊࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋࠊᅜẸ⤒῭ࡢⓎᒎ࡟ᗈࡃᐤ୚ࡍࡿࠖ࡜グࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࡇࢀࡽࢆ཯ᫎࡋࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮஦ᴗࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࡇࢀࡽࢆ཯ᫎࡋࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮஦ᴗࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭ࣇ࢛࣮࣭ࢺ࣮ࢗࣔࣟ㸦㹑㹄㹒㸧࡜⛠ࡉࢀࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛࡣࠊඛ࡟♧ࡋࡓࠕ/LWHUDF\ࠖࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭ࣇ࢛࣮࣭ࢺ࣮ࢗࣔࣟ㸦㹑㹄㹒㸧࡜⛠ࡉࢀࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛࡣࠊඛ࡟♧ࡋࡓࠕ/LWHUDF\ࠖࠕ,QWHJULW\ࠖࠕ/HJDF\ࠖࡢ  Ⅼࡀ┒ࡾ㎸ࡲࢀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ $FDGHP\$QWLGRSLQJᡓ␎ⓗ஧ᅜ㛫ࢫ࣏ࠕ,QWHJULW\ࠖࠕ/HJDF\ࠖࡢ  Ⅼࡀ┒ࡾ㎸ࡲࢀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ $FDGHP\$QWLGRSLQJᡓ␎ⓗ஧ᅜ㛫ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㈉⊩஦ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮍࡔᡭ᥈ࡾ≧ែࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊከࡃࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢡ࣍

࣮ࢶ㈉⊩஦ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮍࡔᡭ᥈ࡾ≧ែࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊከࡃࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢡ࣍

ࣝࢲ࣮ࡀཧຍࡍࡿ㹑㹄㹒ࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࠊ௒ᚋࡢᗈࡀࡾࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࣝࢲ࣮ࡀཧຍࡍࡿ㹑㹄㹒ࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࠊ௒ᚋࡢᗈࡀࡾࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ





27

27

ࡉ࠸ࡈ࡟

ࡉ࠸ࡈ࡟௨ୖࡢ᳨ウ࡛ㄢ㢟ࡸゎỴ᪉ἲࡀከᵝ໬ࡍࡿୡ⏺ࡢ✲ᴟⓗ࡞┠ᶆࡣࠊୡ⏺ࢆᬑ㐢ⓗ࡟ࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬

௨ୖࡢ᳨ウ࡛ㄢ㢟ࡸゎỴ᪉ἲࡀከᵝ໬ࡍࡿୡ⏺ࡢ✲ᴟⓗ࡞┠ᶆࡣࠊୡ⏺ࢆᬑ㐢ⓗ࡟ࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬

ࡉࡏࠊࣘࢽࣂ࣮ࢧࣝ࡞⌮ゎࢆಖࡗࡓ≧ἣ࡛ࠊಶࠎࡀࡑࡢ୍㒊ࢆ⼥ྜࡉࡏࠊᖖ࡟㌿᥮ࡍࡿୡ⏺࡛࠶ࡿࡉࡏࠊࣘࢽࣂ࣮ࢧࣝ࡞⌮ゎࢆಖࡗࡓ≧ἣ࡛ࠊಶࠎࡀࡑࡢ୍㒊ࢆ⼥ྜࡉࡏࠊᖖ࡟㌿᥮ࡍࡿୡ⏺࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ❚࠸▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ」㞧࡟㹕㹃㹀໬ࡍࡿ♫఍࡛ࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬ࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊ
ࠕࣝࡇ࡜ࢆ❚࠸▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ」㞧࡟㹕㹃㹀໬ࡍࡿ♫఍࡛ࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ໬ࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊ
ࠕ࣮ࣝࣝࡢ㑂Ᏺ࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ
ࠕㄔᐇ࡟⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵ࡚ࠊ஫࠸ࡢಶᛶࢆᑛ㔜ࡋྜ࠸ࠊಶᛶࢆ⏕࠿ࡍ♫఍ࠖࢆ᪥࣮ࣝࡢ㑂Ᏺ࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ
ࠕㄔᐇ࡟⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵ࡚ࠊ஫࠸ࡢಶᛶࢆᑛ㔜ࡋྜ࠸ࠊಶᛶࢆ⏕࠿ࡍ♫఍ࠖࢆ᪥ᖖⓗ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ⎔ቃࢆᩚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡣࠊ
ࡑࡢ≉Ṧᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ

ᖖⓗ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ⎔ቃࢆᩚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡣࠊ
ࡑࡢ≉Ṧᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ

ከᒱ࡟ரࡿㄢ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛  ᖺ௦࡟ᮏ᱁ጞືࡋࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᅜ㝿㈉⊩άືࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭

ከᒱ࡟ரࡿㄢ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛  ᖺ௦࡟ᮏ᱁ጞືࡋࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᅜ㝿㈉⊩άືࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭

ࣃ࣮ࢯࣥࡢ♫఍ⓗ㈐௵⾜ື࡜ࡶ࠸࠺࡭ࡁಶேࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚Ⓨᒎࡋࠊᅜ㝿⤌⧊ࡢồࡵࡿࢱ࢖࣑ࣥ

ࣃ࣮ࢯࣥࡢ♫఍ⓗ㈐௵⾜ື࡜ࡶ࠸࠺࡭ࡁಶேࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚Ⓨᒎࡋࠊᅜ㝿⤌⧊ࡢồࡵࡿࢱ࢖࣑ࣥ

ࢢࡀ୍⮴ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛᪂ᪧ⧊ࡾ஺ࡐࡓ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ♫఍㈉⊩άື࡟Ⓨᒎࡋࠊ⇿Ⓨⓗ࡟ᣑ኱ࡋࢢࡀ୍⮴ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛᪂ᪧ⧊ࡾ஺ࡐࡓ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ♫఍㈉⊩άື࡟Ⓨᒎࡋࠊ⇿Ⓨⓗ࡟ᣑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂♧ࡋࡓࠋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂♧ࡋࡓࠋణࡋࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡑࡢࡶࡢࡀ㌟యᩥ໬࡛࠶ࡾࠊᾘ㈝⪅ࢆ࢚࢟ࢧ࢖ࢺࡉࡏࡿᛶ㉁ࡀ࠶ࡿⅭࠊᦶ᧿ࢆ⏕ణࡋࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡑࡢࡶࡢࡀ㌟యᩥ໬࡛࠶ࡾࠊᾘ㈝⪅ࢆ࢚࢟ࢧ࢖ࢺࡉࡏࡿᛶ㉁ࡀ࠶ࡿⅭࠊᦶ᧿ࢆ⏕ࡲ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ⣽ᚰࡢὀពࢆᡶ࠸ࡘࡘࠊ┦஫Ⓨᒎࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊཧຍ

ࡲ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ⣽ᚰࡢὀពࢆᡶ࠸ࡘࡘࠊ┦஫Ⓨᒎࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊཧຍ

⪅ࡢ⥲ព࡛࣮ࣝࣝࡸ㐨ලࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ $GDSWLYHVSRUW ࡀ᭱㐺࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ

⪅ࡢ⥲ព࡛࣮ࣝࣝࡸ㐨ලࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ $GDSWLYHVSRUW ࡀ᭱㐺࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ᳨ウ࠿ࡽᾋ࠿ࡧୖࡀࡗࡓ $GDSWLYHVSRUW ࡢ஦౛ࡣ⌧Ꮡࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ⏕⏘⪅࡜ᾘ㈝⪅㸦ཧ᳨ウ࠿ࡽᾋ࠿ࡧୖࡀࡗࡓ $GDSWLYHVSRUW ࡢ஦౛ࡣ⌧Ꮡࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ⏕⏘⪅࡜ᾘ㈝⪅㸦ཧຍ⪅㸧ࡀࠊࡑࡢᏛࡧࢆά࠿ࡋ࡚ྛᆅࡸྛேࡢㄢ㢟ࢆ㍈࡟ᤣ࠼ࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ᪉ྥᛶࢆᇉ㛫ຍ⪅㸧ࡀࠊࡑࡢᏛࡧࢆά࠿ࡋ࡚ྛᆅࡸྛேࡢㄢ㢟ࢆ㍈࡟ᤣ࠼ࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ᪉ྥᛶࢆᇉ㛫ぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣ୍ᵝ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊྛᆅ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿⅭ

ぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣ୍ᵝ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊྛᆅ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿⅭ

࡟ྛᆅ࠾ࡼࡧྛேࡢồࡵࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ᭱኱໬ࡋ࡚ࠊಶࠎࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ⎔ቃࢆᩚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜

࡟ྛᆅ࠾ࡼࡧྛேࡢồࡵࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ᭱኱໬ࡋ࡚ࠊಶࠎࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ⎔ቃࢆᩚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡇࡑࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⤖ㄽ௜ࡅࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࡑࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⤖ㄽ௜ࡅࡽࢀࡓࠋཧ⪃ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ཧ⪃ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩

6'3,:*  6SRUWIRU'HYHORSPHQWDQG3HDFH*RYHUQPHQWLQ$FWLRQ5LJKWWR3OD\7RURQWR

6'3,:*  6SRUWIRU'HYHORSPHQWDQG3HDFH*RYHUQPHQWLQ$FWLRQ5LJKWWR3OD\7RURQWRᒣཱྀᣅ  㺀ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᅜ㝿㛤Ⓨ㺁࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩ ➨  㒊 ჆⣡἞஬㑻グᛕᅜᒣཱྀᣅ  㺀ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᅜ㝿㛤Ⓨ㺁࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩ ➨  㒊 ჆⣡἞஬㑻グᛕᅜ㝿ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ◊✲࣭஺ὶࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᮾி

㝿ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ◊✲࣭஺ὶࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᮾி

➉⏣ᜅ࿴  ➨  ᅇ࣮ࣘࢫ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ➇ᢏ኱఍ ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ ࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿ-2$5HYLHZ➉⏣ᜅ࿴  ➨  ᅇ࣮ࣘࢫ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ➇ᢏ኱఍ ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ ࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿ-2$5HYLHZ

2QOLQH>KWWSRO\PSLFDFDGHP\MSZRUGSUHVVDUFKLYHV@ 㜀ぴ 

2QOLQH>KWWSRO\PSLFDFDGHP\MSZRUGSUHVVDUFKLYHV@ 㜀ぴ 

2&$ZHESDJH  6RXWKHDVW$VLDQ*DPHV3DVWJDPHV

2&$ZHESDJH  6RXWKHDVW$VLDQ*DPHV3DVWJDPHV>KWWSZZZRFDVLDRUJ*DPH*DPHV/DVS["6<&;*M&GI-&K=%NWY$ @

>KWWSZZZRFDVLDRUJ*DPH*DPHV/DVS["6<&;*M&GI-&K=%NWY$ @㜀ぴ 㜀ぴ ,2&  2O\PSLF/HJDF\,2&/DXVDQQH

,2&  2O\PSLF/HJDF\,2&/DXVDQQH

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28

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

第 1 セッション討論

第 1 セッション討論㸦ᑠ಴࿴ኵ㸧 ᒣཱྀඛ⏕ࠊ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ㛤Ⓨ㏵ୖᅜ࡞࡝ࢆ⪃࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࠸ࢃࡺ

㸦ᑠ಴࿴ኵ㸧 ᒣཱྀඛ⏕ࠊ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ㛤Ⓨ㏵ୖᅜ࡞࡝ࢆ⪃࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࠸ࢃࡺ

ࡿ㏆௦ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡸࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ฟ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞✀┠ࠊ㏆௦ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ᣺⯆ࡿ㏆௦ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡸࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ฟ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞✀┠ࠊ㏆௦ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ᣺⯆ࡶ኱஦࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡴࡋࢁఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢಖᏑࡸ᣺⯆࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼࡚࠶ࡆࡿ࠿࡜࠸

ࡶ኱஦࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡴࡋࢁఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢಖᏑࡸ᣺⯆࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼࡚࠶ࡆࡿ࠿࡜࠸

࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ㛤Ⓨ㏵ୖᅜࡢ❧ሙ࠿ࡽࡣ㔜せ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ⅼࡢࡈᣦ᦬ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸

࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ㛤Ⓨ㏵ୖᅜࡢ❧ሙ࠿ࡽࡣ㔜せ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ⅼࡢࡈᣦ᦬ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸

࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡉ࡚ࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡣ  ศࡤ࠿ࡾ᫬㛫ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ ࡘࠊ ࡘࠊ⚾࠿ࡽ㉁ၥࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࠊ ࡉ࡚ࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡣ  ศࡤ࠿ࡾ᫬㛫ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ ࡘࠊ ࡘࠊ⚾࠿ࡽ㉁ၥࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࠊ

௒᪥ࡢࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺࡢ᪉ࡢࡈពぢࢆఛ࠸ࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

௒᪥ࡢࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺࡢ᪉ࡢࡈពぢࢆఛ࠸ࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ௒᪥ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟␗࡞ࡗࡓᑓ㛛ศ㔝ࡢ᪉ࠎࠊࡘࡲࡾᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫࡢ᪉ࡶ࠾ࡽࢀࢀࡤࠊయ⫱ ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ௒᪥ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟␗࡞ࡗࡓᑓ㛛ศ㔝ࡢ᪉ࠎࠊࡘࡲࡾᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫࡢ᪉ࡶ࠾ࡽࢀࢀࡤࠊయ⫱Ꮫࡢ᪉ࡶ࠾ࡽࢀࢀࡤࠊ㞀ᐖᑓ㛛ࠊ㞀ᐖᏛࡀࡈᑓ㛛ࡢ᪉ࡶ࠾ࡽࢀࢀࡤࠊ㛤Ⓨࡢ᪉࡜࠸࠺ලྜ࡟ࠊ㐪ࡗᏛࡢ᪉ࡶ࠾ࡽࢀࢀࡤࠊ㞀ᐖᑓ㛛ࠊ㞀ᐖᏛࡀࡈᑓ㛛ࡢ᪉ࡶ࠾ࡽࢀࢀࡤࠊ㛤Ⓨࡢ᪉࡜࠸࠺ලྜ࡟ࠊ㐪ࡗࡓศ㔝ࡢ᪉ࡀ࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡢ㐪ࡗࡓศ㔝ࡢ᪉࡟ඹ㏻ࡢ㉁ၥࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞᪉

ࡓศ㔝ࡢ᪉ࡀ࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡢ㐪ࡗࡓศ㔝ࡢ᪉࡟ඹ㏻ࡢ㉁ၥࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞᪉ࡢࡈពぢࢆ࠾⪺ࡁ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡢࡈពぢࢆ࠾⪺ࡁ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ ᐇࡣ⚾ࡣࡇࡢ㛫ࠊ࠶ࡿ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢసᐙࡢ᪉ࠊ࢚ࢵࢭ࢖ࢫࢺ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠿࡞ࡾⴭ᫂࡞᪉࡟࢖ ᐇࡣ⚾ࡣࡇࡢ㛫ࠊ࠶ࡿ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢసᐙࡢ᪉ࠊ࢚ࢵࢭ࢖ࢫࢺ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠿࡞ࡾⴭ᫂࡞᪉࡟࢖

ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ᪉ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟࠾ࡶࡋࢁ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ

ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ᪉ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟࠾ࡶࡋࢁ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ

ࡸࡵ࡚ࡋࡲ࠼ࠊ࡜ゝ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ᪉࡛ࡍࡀࡡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࡸࡵ࡚ࡋࡲ࠼࡜ࠋ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚

ࡸࡵ࡚ࡋࡲ࠼ࠊ࡜ゝ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ᪉࡛ࡍࡀࡡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࡸࡵ࡚ࡋࡲ࠼࡜ࠋ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚

࠿ࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ୰࡟᏶඲࡟࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢩࣈࠊ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࡍࢀࡤ࠸࠸ࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ ࣓࠿ࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ୰࡟᏶඲࡟࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢩࣈࠊ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࡍࢀࡤ࠸࠸ࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ ࣓࣮ࢺࣝ➇㉮ࠋࡑࢀࡣࡶࡢࡍࡈ࠸㸷⛊࠸ࡃࡘ࡛㉮ࡿேࡶ࠸ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋḟࡣ㌴࠸ࡍࡢ  ࣓࣮ࢺࣝࠋḟ࣮ࢺࣝ➇㉮ࠋࡑࢀࡣࡶࡢࡍࡈ࠸㸷⛊࠸ࡃࡘ࡛㉮ࡿேࡶ࠸ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋḟࡣ㌴࠸ࡍࡢ  ࣓࣮ࢺࣝࠋḟࡣ⩏㊊ࡢ  ࣓࣮ࢺࣝࠋ࣐ࣛࢯࣥࡶᬑ㏻ࡢ࣐ࣛࢯࣥࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ㌴࠸ࡍࡢ࣐ࣛࢯࣥࠊ୍⥴࡟ࡸࢀࡤ࠸

ࡣ⩏㊊ࡢ  ࣓࣮ࢺࣝࠋ࣐ࣛࢯࣥࡶᬑ㏻ࡢ࣐ࣛࢯࣥࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ㌴࠸ࡍࡢ࣐ࣛࢯࣥࠊ୍⥴࡟ࡸࢀࡤ࠸

࠸ࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࠋ࡞࠿࡟ࡣࠊ㞴ࡋ࠸✀┠ࡶ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡇࢀࡇࡑࡀ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙ

࠸ࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࠋ࡞࠿࡟ࡣࠊ㞴ࡋ࠸✀┠ࡶ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡇࢀࡇࡑࡀ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙ

ࣥࡢᮏᙜࡢጼࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆูࠎ࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡇࡑࡀࡲࡉ࡟

ࣥࡢᮏᙜࡢጼࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆูࠎ࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡇࡑࡀࡲࡉ࡟

㞀ᐖ⪅ࢆ༊ูࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ୍⥴࡟ࡍ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ࠶ࡿసᐙࡢ᪉ࡀゝࢃࢀࡲࡋ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢆ༊ูࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ୍⥴࡟ࡍ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ࠶ࡿసᐙࡢ᪉ࡀゝࢃࢀࡲࡋ

ࡓࠋ

ࡓࠋ

 ࡉ࡚ࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ⚾ࡣⓙࡉࢇ࡟୍యࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ㝈ࡾ࡞ࡃ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟㏆࡙ࡅࡿ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࡸ ࡉ࡚ࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ⚾ࡣⓙࡉࢇ࡟୍యࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ㝈ࡾ࡞ࡃ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟㏆࡙ࡅࡿ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࡸ

ࡾ᪉ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚࡛ࡍࡡࠊࡇ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸࠸ࡇ࡜࡞ࡢ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࡝ࡇࡲ࡛ࡸࡿ࡭

ࡾ᪉ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚࡛ࡍࡡࠊࡇ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸࠸ࡇ࡜࡞ࡢ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࡝ࡇࡲ࡛ࡸࡿ࡭

ࡁ࡞ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡈពぢࢆᢎࡾࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋᐇ㝿࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡶࡁ࡞ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡈពぢࢆᢎࡾࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋᐇ㝿࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ⌮ᛕ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡑ࠺⡆༢ࡌࡷ࡞࠸ࠋࡣࡓࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ᪉ྥ

࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ⌮ᛕ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡑ࠺⡆༢ࡌࡷ࡞࠸ࠋࡣࡓࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ᪉ྥ

ࢆ┠ᣦࡍ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࡋ࡚⊂⮬ࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕

ࢆ┠ᣦࡍ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࡋ࡚⊂⮬ࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕

ࢆᣢࡘࠊ⊂⮬ࡢ኱఍࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ⥆ࡅࡿ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠋࡲࡓࡣࠊᏑᅾࡋ⥆ࡅࡿ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ࡞ࡿ࡭ࡃ࢜

ࢆᣢࡘࠊ⊂⮬ࡢ኱఍࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ⥆ࡅࡿ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠋࡲࡓࡣࠊᏑᅾࡋ⥆ࡅࡿ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ࡞ࡿ࡭ࡃ࢜

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟㏆࠸ᙧ࡛⥆ࡅࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࡢ࠿ࠋࡑࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡕࡻࡗ࡜ࡈពぢࢆᢎࡾࡓ࠸

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟㏆࠸ᙧ࡛⥆ࡅࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࡢ࠿ࠋࡑࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡕࡻࡗ࡜ࡈពぢࢆᢎࡾࡓ࠸

ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ

ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ

㸦㟷ᮌಖ㸧 ௒ࡢ࠾ヰ࡛ᛮ࠸ฟࡍࡢࡣࠊࣟࢩ࢔ࡢࢯࢳ෤Ꮨ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡍࠋ࠶ࡢ࡜ࡁࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆ

㸦㟷ᮌಖ㸧 ௒ࡢ࠾ヰ࡛ᛮ࠸ฟࡍࡢࡣࠊࣟࢩ࢔ࡢࢯࢳ෤Ꮨ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡍࠋ࠶ࡢ࡜ࡁࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆ

ࢵࢡࡀ⤊ࢃࡗ࡚ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ධࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࢡ࣑ࣜ࢔࡛ࡢ⣮தࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚ࠊ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡑࡗࡕࡢ

ࢵࢡࡀ⤊ࢃࡗ࡚ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ධࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࢡ࣑ࣜ࢔࡛ࡢ⣮தࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚ࠊ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡑࡗࡕࡢ

29

29

࡯࠺࡟㛵ᚰࡀ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺グ᠈ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

࡯࠺࡟㛵ᚰࡀ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺グ᠈ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ࡘࡲࡾࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ࡜ࡁࡣࣉ࣮ࢳࣥࡉࢇࡀ᮶࡚ࡕࡷࢇ࡜ࡸࡗࡓࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ ࡘࡲࡾࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ࡜ࡁࡣࣉ࣮ࢳࣥࡉࢇࡀ᮶࡚ࡕࡷࢇ࡜ࡸࡗࡓࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟

⛣ࡗࡓࡽᛴ࡟⣮தࡀ๓㠃࡟ฟ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊࡑࡗࡕࡢ࡯࠺࡬㛵ᚰࡀ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ࠶ࢀࡀ㇟ᚩⓗࡔࡗࡓ⛣ࡗࡓࡽᛴ࡟⣮தࡀ๓㠃࡟ฟ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊࡑࡗࡕࡢ࡯࠺࡬㛵ᚰࡀ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ࠶ࢀࡀ㇟ᚩⓗࡔࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ

࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ ௒ࠊᑠ಴ࡉࢇࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓほⅬ࠿ࡽゝ࠼ࡤࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣࡸࡗࡥࡾ୍⥴࡟ࡸࡗࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸࡜⚾ ௒ࠊᑠ಴ࡉࢇࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓほⅬ࠿ࡽゝ࠼ࡤࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣࡸࡗࡥࡾ୍⥴࡟ࡸࡗࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸࡜⚾ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㞀ᐖ⪅࡜೺ᖖ⪅ࢆศࡅ࡚ࡸࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊඛ࡯࡝ࠊࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࡅ

ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㞀ᐖ⪅࡜೺ᖖ⪅ࢆศࡅ࡚ࡸࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊඛ࡯࡝ࠊࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࡅ

࡝ࠊពእ࡜㞴ࡋ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡼࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ୰࡛ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆ

࡝ࠊពእ࡜㞴ࡋ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡼࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ୰࡛ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆ

ࢵࢡࡢฟሙ⪅ࡢ㐩ᡂࡢࡍࡤࡽࡋࡉ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽᬑ㏻ࡢࡑ࠺࠸࠺㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡗ࡚࡞࠸ேࡢࡍࡤ

ࢵࢡࡢฟሙ⪅ࡢ㐩ᡂࡢࡍࡤࡽࡋࡉ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽᬑ㏻ࡢࡑ࠺࠸࠺㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡗ࡚࡞࠸ேࡢࡍࡤ

ࡽࡋࡉ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡶࠊྠࡌே㛫ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿጼໃ࡜ࡋ࡚♧ࡏࢀࡤ࠸࠸ࡋࠊᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࡣ୍⥴࡟ࡽࡋࡉ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡶࠊྠࡌே㛫ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿጼໃ࡜ࡋ࡚♧ࡏࢀࡤ࠸࠸ࡋࠊᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࡣ୍⥴࡟ࡸࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜⚾ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡸࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜⚾ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ࢢࢻ࣭ࣝࣥࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧 ୡ⏺ࡢேࡓࡕ࡟ពぢࢆࡁ࠸ࡓࡽࠊከศ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞⟅࠼ࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ᛮ

㸦ࢢࢻ࣭ࣝࣥࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧 ୡ⏺ࡢேࡓࡕ࡟ពぢࢆࡁ࠸ࡓࡽࠊከศ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞⟅࠼ࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ᛮ

࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ⚾ࠊ ᖺ࡟ࠊ ᖺ๓࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶᮾி࡟᮶ࡲࡋࡓࠋᅜ㝿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ఍ࡀᡓ␎ィ࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ⚾ࠊ ᖺ࡟ࠊ ᖺ๓࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶᮾி࡟᮶ࡲࡋࡓࠋᅜ㝿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ఍ࡀᡓ␎ィ⏬఍㆟࡜࠸࠺ࡢࢆࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡸࡗ࡚ࠊ
ࡑࢀࡀ᪥ᮏ࡛㛤ദࡉࢀ࡚ࠊ
⚾ࡣࡑࡇ࡛ྖ఍⪅ࢆົࡵࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

⏬఍㆟࡜࠸࠺ࡢࢆࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡸࡗ࡚ࠊ
ࡑࢀࡀ᪥ᮏ࡛㛤ദࡉࢀ࡚ࠊ
⚾ࡣࡑࡇ࡛ྖ఍⪅ࢆົࡵࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆศࡅࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊࡑࢀ࡜ࡶ⤫ྜࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿࡜࠸

ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆศࡅࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊࡑࢀ࡜ࡶ⤫ྜࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿࡜࠸

࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ㆟ㄽ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋᢞ⚊ࡋࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ࡝࠺ࡔࡗࡓ࠿ࠋ࣭ ࡛┿ࡗ஧ࡘ࡟ศ࠿ࢀ

࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ㆟ㄽ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋᢞ⚊ࡋࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ࡝࠺ࡔࡗࡓ࠿ࠋ࣭ ࡛┿ࡗ஧ࡘ࡟ศ࠿ࢀ

ࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡘࡲࡾ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺࡢ༙ศࠊ⤌⧊ጤဨ఍ഃࡢேࡓࡕࡢ༙ศࡀ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ

ࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡘࡲࡾ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺࡢ༙ศࠊ⤌⧊ጤဨ఍ഃࡢேࡓࡕࡢ༙ศࡀ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ

ࡢ୰࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆධࢀࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸࡜ࠊࢤ࣮࣒ࢆ୍⥴࡟ࡸࡗࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸ࢇࡌ

ࡢ୰࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆධࢀࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸࡜ࠊࢤ࣮࣒ࢆ୍⥴࡟ࡸࡗࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸ࢇࡌ

ࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ ṧࡾࡢ༙ศࡢேࡓࡕࡣఱ࡜ゝࡗࡓ࠿ࠋ⤯ᑐ↓⌮ࡔ࡜ࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵ ṧࡾࡢ༙ศࡢேࡓࡕࡣఱ࡜ゝࡗࡓ࠿ࠋ⤯ᑐ↓⌮ࡔ࡜ࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵ

ࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡀ㏆࡙ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓ࡞࠸ࠊ࡜ࠋࡇࢀࡣ⊂❧ࡋࡓ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ࢜

ࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡀ㏆࡙ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓ࡞࠸ࠊ࡜ࠋࡇࢀࡣ⊂❧ࡋࡓ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ࢜

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ⮬❧ᛶࢆᢸಖࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࢇࡔ࡜ࠊṚᏲࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ⮬❧ᛶࢆᢸಖࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࢇࡔ࡜ࠊṚᏲࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺

ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ ⚾ࡣྖ఍ࢆࡋࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ┿ࢇ୰ࡢேࡀࡔࢀࡶ࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺≧ἣ࡛ࠊྖ఍⪅ࡣ኱ኚ࡞ᛮ࠸ࢆ࠸ࡓ ⚾ࡣྖ఍ࢆࡋࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ┿ࢇ୰ࡢேࡀࡔࢀࡶ࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺≧ἣ࡛ࠊྖ఍⪅ࡣ኱ኚ࡞ᛮ࠸ࢆ࠸ࡓ

ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒᪥ྠࡌ㉁ၥࢆࡋࡓࡽࡳࢇ࡞ࡣఱ࡜ゝ࠺࠿ࠋ㑅ᡭࡓࡕࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᙺဨࠊᅜ㝿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆ

ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒᪥ྠࡌ㉁ၥࢆࡋࡓࡽࡳࢇ࡞ࡣఱ࡜ゝ࠺࠿ࠋ㑅ᡭࡓࡕࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᙺဨࠊᅜ㝿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆ

ࢵࢡጤဨ఍ࡢᙺဨ࡛ࡍ࡜࠿ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢேࡓࡕࠊ㹇㹍㹁ࡢ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࡓࡕࡀఱ࡜ゝࢵࢡጤဨ఍ࡢᙺဨ࡛ࡍ࡜࠿ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢேࡓࡕࠊ㹇㹍㹁ࡢ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࡓࡕࡀఱ࡜ゝ࠺࠿ࠋ⚾࡟ࡣࡑࢀࡣࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࡑࢀࡣࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ  ᖺ๓࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞㆟ㄽࡀ௒⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸

࠺࠿ࠋ⚾࡟ࡣࡑࢀࡣࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࡑࢀࡣࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ  ᖺ๓࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞㆟ㄽࡀ௒⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸

࠿ࡽ࡛ࡍࠋ࡛ࡶࠊᖿ㒊ࡢேࡓࡕࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㑅ᡭࡢேࡓࡕ࡟ಶேⓗ࡟࠾ヰࢆࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽゝ࠸ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ

࠿ࡽ࡛ࡍࠋ࡛ࡶࠊᖿ㒊ࡢேࡓࡕࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㑅ᡭࡢேࡓࡕ࡟ಶேⓗ࡟࠾ヰࢆࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽゝ࠸ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ

ᑠ಴ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࠊࡑࡢ࢚ࣆࢯ࣮ࢻ࠿ࡽࡶࢃ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊពぢࡣ௒࡛ࡶศ᩿ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸

ᑠ಴ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࠊࡑࡢ࢚ࣆࢯ࣮ࢻ࠿ࡽࡶࢃ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊពぢࡣ௒࡛ࡶศ᩿ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸

࠺≧ἣࡀ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠺≧ἣࡀ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㸰ࡘ┠ࠋࡼࡃᅜ㐃ࡢ㞀ᐖ⪅ᶒ฼᮲⣙࡜ࡢ⤡ࡳ࡛ࡇࡢ㆟ㄽࡣࡉࢀࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ඲ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㸰ࡘ┠ࠋࡼࡃᅜ㐃ࡢ㞀ᐖ⪅ᶒ฼᮲⣙࡜ࡢ⤡ࡳ࡛ࡇࡢ㆟ㄽࡣࡉࢀࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ඲

ࡃࡢㄗゎࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ᮲⣙࡟ࡣ㸰ࡘࡢ࢜ࣉࢩࣙࣥࡀつᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸯ࡘࡢ࢜ࣉࢩࣙࣥ

ࡃࡢㄗゎࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ᮲⣙࡟ࡣ㸰ࡘࡢ࢜ࣉࢩࣙࣥࡀつᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸯ࡘࡢ࢜ࣉࢩࣙࣥ

ࡣࠊ୺ὶࡢඹ⏕ࠊ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢩࣈ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➇ᢏ఍࡛࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࡶ࠺㸯ࡘࡣࡣࠊ୺ὶࡢඹ⏕ࠊ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢩࣈ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➇ᢏ఍࡛࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࡶ࠺㸯ࡘࡣ

ู㏵ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ྥࡅࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆࡸࡿ࢜ࣉࢩࣙࣥࡶ࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ 

ู㏵ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ྥࡅࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆࡸࡿ࢜ࣉࢩࣙࣥࡶ࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ ᮲ࡢ㸳࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡟᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ᮲⣙ࡣࡍ࡭࡚ࢆ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢩࣈ࡟ࡸࢀ࡜ゝࡗ࡚᮲ࡢ㸳࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡟᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ᮲⣙ࡣࡍ࡭࡚ࢆ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢩࣈ࡟ࡸࢀ࡜ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ேࡣ࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࢀࡣㄗゎ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡕࡷࢇ࡜ࡑࡢ᮲⣙ࡢᮏᩥࢆㄞࡴ࡭ࡁࡔ

࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ேࡣ࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࢀࡣㄗゎ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡕࡷࢇ࡜ࡑࡢ᮲⣙ࡢᮏᩥࢆㄞࡴ࡭ࡁࡔ

࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

30

30

㸦ᑠ಴㸧
 ࡇࡢᅜ㝿᮲⣙ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡶ࠺㸯ᅇ᝿㉳ࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉࡗ࡚࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࡇࡢᅜ㝿᮲⣙ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡶ࠺㸯ᅇ᝿㉳ࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉࡗ࡚࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ
㸦⸨⏣⣖᫛㸧 ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ๰タ⪅࡛࠶ࡿࢡ࣮࣋ࣝࢱࣥࡣከᵝᛶࢆㄆࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᐇࡣ

㸦⸨⏣⣖᫛㸧 ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ๰タ⪅࡛࠶ࡿࢡ࣮࣋ࣝࢱࣥࡣከᵝᛶࢆㄆࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᐇࡣ

ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࢀࡤࠊ୍⥴࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡾ࡞ࡢ

ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࢀࡤࠊ୍⥴࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡾ࡞ࡢ

࠿࡞࡜ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡓࡔࠊࢸࢡࢽ࢝ࣝ࡞㒊ศ࡛ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠿࡞࡜ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡓࡔࠊࢸࢡࢽ࢝ࣝ࡞㒊ศ࡛ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ࡯࠺ࡣ㹇㹎㹁ࡀࡑࡢࢥ࢔࣭ࣂ࣮ࣜࣗࡢ୰ࡢ㸯ࡘ࡟࢖ࢡ࢜ࣜࢸ࢕࡜࠸࠺ ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ࡯࠺ࡣ㹇㹎㹁ࡀࡑࡢࢥ࢔࣭ࣂ࣮ࣜࣗࡢ୰ࡢ㸯ࡘ࡟࢖ࢡ࢜ࣜࢸ࢕࡜࠸࠺

ࡇ࡜ࢆᥖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡑࢀࢆ඲㠃ⓗ࡟ᢲࡋฟࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡇࢆ୺ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡸࡣ

ࡇ࡜ࢆᥖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡑࢀࢆ඲㠃ⓗ࡟ᢲࡋฟࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡇࢆ୺ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡸࡣ

ࡾࡑࢀࡣูࠎ࡟ࡸࡗࡓ࡯࠺ࡀᙉ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡾࡑࢀࡣูࠎ࡟ࡸࡗࡓ࡯࠺ࡀᙉ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋ ࡓࡔᐇ㝿ࠊࢩࢻࢽ࣮ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣ࣮࢜ࣉࣥ➇ᢏ࡜ࡋ࡚㌴࠸ࡍࡢ  ࣓࣮ࢺࣝ࡜  ࡓࡔᐇ㝿ࠊࢩࢻࢽ࣮ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣ࣮࢜ࣉࣥ➇ᢏ࡜ࡋ࡚㌴࠸ࡍࡢ  ࣓࣮ࢺࣝ࡜ ࣓࣮ࢺࣝࡀ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ୰࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑࡇࡢᢡࡾྜ࠸ࡀࡘࡃ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛

࣓࣮ࢺࣝࡀ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ୰࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑࡇࡢᢡࡾྜ࠸ࡀࡘࡃ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛

ࡣ୍⥴࡟ࡸࡿ㒊ศࡣ୍⥴࡟ࡸࢀࡿࠋ࡛ࡶࠊูࠎ࡛ࡸࡿ࡭ࡁ࡜ࡇࢁࡣูࠎ࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵ

ࡣ୍⥴࡟ࡸࡿ㒊ศࡣ୍⥴࡟ࡸࢀࡿࠋ࡛ࡶࠊูࠎ࡛ࡸࡿ࡭ࡁ࡜ࡇࢁࡣูࠎ࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵ

ࢡࡢ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ඲ࡃ㐪࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺㒊ศࢆྵࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ࡜

ࢡࡢ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ඲ࡃ㐪࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺㒊ศࢆྵࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ࡜

࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ▱ࡽࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ࠶ࡿ㒊ศࠊྵࡵ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡶᚲせ࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ▱ࡽࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ࠶ࡿ㒊ศࠊྵࡵ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡶᚲせ࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡓࡔࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢഃࡣ⊂⮬ࡢ୺ᙇ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑࡇࢆᡴࡕฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓ ࡓࡔࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢഃࡣ⊂⮬ࡢ୺ᙇ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑࡇࢆᡴࡕฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓ

ࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾ኱ࡁ࡞࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜ࡋู࡚࡟㛤ദࡋࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ⚾ࡣ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡞࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾ኱ࡁ࡞࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜ࡋู࡚࡟㛤ദࡋࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ⚾ࡣ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡞࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ᒣཱྀඛ⏕ࡣ࠸࠿ࡀ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ᒣཱྀඛ⏕ࡣ࠸࠿ࡀ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ

㸦ᒣཱྀᣅ㸧 ඛ࡯࡝ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣛ࢖ࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜࣮ࣟ࢝ࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀྜయࡋ࡚࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊ࠸࠸㒊ศ㸦ᒣཱྀᣅ㸧 ඛ࡯࡝ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣛ࢖ࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜࣮ࣟ࢝ࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀྜయࡋ࡚࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊ࠸࠸㒊ศࢆ࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣛ࢖ࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ὶࢀࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺ヰࢆࡋࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ⚾ࡢሙྜࡣᢡ⾺᱌ࢆ࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊࢢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣛ࢖ࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ὶࢀࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺ヰࢆࡋࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ⚾ࡢሙྜࡣᢡ⾺᱌࡛ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛Ꮡᅾࡋࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛Ꮡᅾࡋࠊࡲࡓࠊ

࡛ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛Ꮡᅾࡋࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛Ꮡᅾࡋࠊࡲࡓࠊ

࢜ࣜࣃࣛࢤ࣮࣒ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡶᏑᅾࡋ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋ

࢜ࣜࣃࣛࢤ࣮࣒ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡶᏑᅾࡋ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋ ࡶࡋ࠿ࡍࡿ࡜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡഃࡢᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡഃࡢᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡀ㐪࠺ྍ⬟ ࡶࡋ࠿ࡍࡿ࡜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡഃࡢᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡഃࡢᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡀ㐪࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊඹ㏻ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࠊࡔ࡜ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࡶ࠺  ࡘࢤ࣮࣒ࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚㸱ࡘࢤᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊඹ㏻ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࠊࡔ࡜ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࡶ࠺  ࡘࢤ࣮࣒ࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚㸱ࡘࢤ࣮࣒࡟ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡽ࠸࠿ࡀ࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࣮࣒࡟ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡽ࠸࠿ࡀ࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࡛ࡣṧࡾࡢ᫬㛫ࢆ౑ࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࠊࡏࡗ࠿ࡃ௒᪥ࡣ㟷ᮌඛ⏕ࡶ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࡛ࡣṧࡾࡢ᫬㛫ࢆ౑ࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࠊࡏࡗ࠿ࡃ௒᪥ࡣ㟷ᮌඛ⏕ࡶ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ

࡛ࠊᩥ໬ࡢヰࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

࡛ࠊᩥ໬ࡢヰࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶάື࡜ᩥ໬ⓗάືࡣࠊ࡜ࡶ࡟㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ♫఍ཧຍࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࢆᙉࡵࡿᡭ ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶάື࡜ᩥ໬ⓗάືࡣࠊ࡜ࡶ࡟㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ♫఍ཧຍࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࢆᙉࡵࡿᡭ

ẁ࡜࡞ࡾᚓࡿࡋࠊ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࢔࣮ࢺࡶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ♫఍ẁ࡜࡞ࡾᚓࡿࡋࠊ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࢔࣮ࢺࡶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ♫఍ཧຍࡢຊ࡜࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠊࡑࢀ࡜ࡶࡑࡇ࡟ࡣࡸࡣࡾ㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ࡞ࡐࡇ࠺࠸࠺㉁ཧຍࡢຊ࡜࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠊࡑࢀ࡜ࡶࡑࡇ࡟ࡣࡸࡣࡾ㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ࡞ࡐࡇ࠺࠸࠺㉁ၥࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜ࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆゝ࠺ேࡀ࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛ࡣࠊ࡛ࡁࡿࡔ

ၥࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜ࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆゝ࠺ேࡀ࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛ࡣࠊ࡛ࡁࡿࡔ

ࡅ㞀ᐖࢆ஌ࡾ㉺࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ࠶ࡿព࿡࡛ࡣ㞀ᐖࢆ࡞ࡃࡍࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺グ㘓ࢆఙࡤࡍࡓ

ࡅ㞀ᐖࢆ஌ࡾ㉺࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ࠶ࡿព࿡࡛ࡣ㞀ᐖࢆ࡞ࡃࡍࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺グ㘓ࢆఙࡤࡍࡓ

ࡵ࡟ࡣ㞀ᐖࢆඞ᭹ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡵ࡟ࡣ㞀ᐖࢆඞ᭹ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࢔࣮ࢺ࡛ࡣ㞀ᐖࢆ⾲⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㞀ᐖࢆ㞀ᐖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊಶᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚ᚭᗏⓗ࡟㞀ᐖࢆ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࢔࣮ࢺ࡛ࡣ㞀ᐖࢆ⾲⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㞀ᐖࢆ㞀ᐖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊಶᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚ᚭᗏⓗ࡟㞀ᐖࢆ⾲࡟ฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ࢔࣮ࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡿேࡶ࠾ࡽࢀࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

⾲࡟ฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ࢔࣮ࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡿேࡶ࠾ࡽࢀࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ ୍యࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ♫఍ཧຍ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡓ࡜ࡁࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ ୍యࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ♫఍ཧຍ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡓ࡜ࡁࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࡢ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜ⱁ⾡άືࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࡢ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ

ࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࡢ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜ⱁ⾡άືࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࡢ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ

ࡣྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸࠸ࡢ࠿ࠋࡑࢀ࡜ࡶࡸࡗࡥࡾ㐪࠺ࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࠾

ࡣྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸࠸ࡢ࠿ࠋࡑࢀ࡜ࡶࡸࡗࡥࡾ㐪࠺ࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࠾

⪃࠼࠿ࠊࡕࡻࡗ࡜ࡈពぢࢆ࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

⪃࠼࠿ࠊࡕࡻࡗ࡜ࡈពぢࢆ࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

3131㸦㟷ᮌ㸧 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜࢔࣮ࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣఝ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࡶ࠶ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡶࡕࢁࢇ㐪࠺㒊ศࡶ㸦㟷ᮌ㸧 ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜࢔࣮ࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣఝ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࡶ࠶ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡶࡕࢁࢇ㐪࠺㒊ศࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ⚾࡝ࡶࡶࠊ౛࠼ࡤࠊ ༊ࡢ㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡘඣ❺ࡢ᪉ࡢ⨾⾡ᒎ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆẖᖺࡸ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ⚾࡝ࡶࡶࠊ౛࠼ࡤࠊ ༊ࡢ㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡘඣ❺ࡢ᪉ࡢ⨾⾡ᒎ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆẖᖺࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋࡇࢀࢆぢࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ᭱ึࡣ㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿඣ❺ࡢ⤮ࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟ࠊ࡝

ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋࡇࢀࢆぢࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ᭱ึࡣ㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿඣ❺ࡢ⤮ࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟ࠊ࡝

࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶඛධほⓗ࡟ᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠊぢ࡚࠸ࡿ࠺ࡕ࡟ࠊࡑࡢ⨾ࠊ⨾ࡋࡉ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀ⊂⮬ࡢ࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶඛධほⓗ࡟ᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠊぢ࡚࠸ࡿ࠺ࡕ࡟ࠊࡑࡢ⨾ࠊ⨾ࡋࡉ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀ⊂⮬ࡢ

㍤ࡁࢆᣢࡘࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡣぢ⤊ࢃࡗࡓᚋ࡟ࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡶ࠺⪃࠼࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
ࡘࡲࡾࠊ

㍤ࡁࢆᣢࡘࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡣぢ⤊ࢃࡗࡓᚋ࡟ࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡶ࠺⪃࠼࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
ࡘࡲࡾࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾே㛫ࡢ⨾ࡢ㏣ồࡔ࡜ឤࡌ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ

ࡸࡗࡥࡾே㛫ࡢ⨾ࡢ㏣ồࡔ࡜ឤࡌ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ ࢔࣮ࢺ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ☜࠿࡟࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡘ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᚲࡎࡋࡶࣁࣥࢹ࢕࡟࡞ࡿ ࢔࣮ࢺ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ☜࠿࡟࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡘ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᚲࡎࡋࡶࣁࣥࢹ࢕࡟࡞ࡿ

࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ㏫࡟ࡍࡈ࠸㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࠶ࡽࢃࢀࡿ⨾ࡢୡ⏺࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿࠊ࡜ࠋ

࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ㏫࡟ࡍࡈ࠸㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࠶ࡽࢃࢀࡿ⨾ࡢୡ⏺࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿࠊ࡜ࠋ

ࡇࢀࡣୡ⏺ⓗ࡞ྡ⏬ࡢ୰࡟ࡑࢀࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ

ࡇࢀࡣୡ⏺ⓗ࡞ྡ⏬ࡢ୰࡟ࡑࢀࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶࠊࡓࡔࠊඛ࡯࡝൅ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ឤ⃭ࡋࡓࡢࡣࠊ࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࠊࡑࢀ࠿ ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶࠊࡓࡔࠊඛ࡯࡝൅ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ឤ⃭ࡋࡓࡢࡣࠊ࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࠊࡑࢀ࠿

ࡽࢡ࢚ࣜ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈࠊࡇࡢ㸰ࡘࢆࡸࡾࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ௒ࡣࠊࡘࡲࡾ࠶ࡽࡺࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢࠊࡘࡲࡾࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆ

ࡽࢡ࢚ࣜ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈࠊࡇࡢ㸰ࡘࢆࡸࡾࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ௒ࡣࠊࡘࡲࡾ࠶ࡽࡺࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢࠊࡘࡲࡾࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆ

ࢵࢡࡢሙྜࡶ೺ᖖ⪅ࡀࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ྜࢃࡏࡿࡗ࡚࠸࠺࣮ࣝࣝ࡜࠿ࠊྜࢃࡏ࡞ࡀࡽࡑࢀࢆ㐩ࢵࢡࡢሙྜࡶ೺ᖖ⪅ࡀࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ྜࢃࡏࡿࡗ࡚࠸࠺࣮ࣝࣝ࡜࠿ࠊྜࢃࡏ࡞ࡀࡽࡑࢀࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺᪉ྥ࡛ࡍࡀࠋࡸࡗࡥࡾ࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻ࡜ࢡ࢚ࣜ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡜࠸࠺඲ࡃ㐪࠺᪂ࡋ࠸ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

ᡂࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺᪉ྥ࡛ࡍࡀࠋࡸࡗࡥࡾ࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻ࡜ࢡ࢚ࣜ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡜࠸࠺඲ࡃ㐪࠺᪂ࡋ࠸ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

ࡢᙧ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ㏫࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ୍⥴࡟ࡸࡿࡇ࡜࡟

ࡢᙧ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ㏫࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ୍⥴࡟ࡸࡿࡇ࡜࡟

ࡼࡗ࡚ฟ࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋᡃࠎࡣ☜࠿࡟ඛ࡯࡝࠿ࡽ೺ᖖ⪅ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡗ࡚ゝࡗ࡚ࡼࡗ࡚ฟ࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋᡃࠎࡣ☜࠿࡟ඛ࡯࡝࠿ࡽ೺ᖖ⪅ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡗ࡚ゝࡗ࡚ࡲࡍࡀࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ㞀ᐖࡗ࡚ࡢࡣ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶᣢࡘྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡇࢆฟࡓ㏵➃࡟ࠊ᫖᪥ࡢ

ࡲࡍࡀࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ㞀ᐖࡗ࡚ࡢࡣ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶᣢࡘྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡇࢆฟࡓ㏵➃࡟ࠊ᫖᪥ࡢ

࡝ࡗ࠿ࡢࣂࢫࡳࡓ࠸࡟ࠊࢻ࣮ࣥ࡜᮶ࡓࡽࠊࡶ࠺ࠊᡃࠎࡶ▐㛫࡟ࡋ࡚㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡘே㛫࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺

࡝ࡗ࠿ࡢࣂࢫࡳࡓ࠸࡟ࠊࢻ࣮ࣥ࡜᮶ࡓࡽࠊࡶ࠺ࠊᡃࠎࡶ▐㛫࡟ࡋ࡚㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡘே㛫࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺

ࢃࡅ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺༴㝤ᛶࡀᖖ࡟࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡘࡘࠊࡇࡢၥ㢟ࡣぢ࡚࠸ࡃࢃࡅ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺༴㝤ᛶࡀᖖ࡟࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡘࡘࠊࡇࡢၥ㢟ࡣぢ࡚࠸ࡃ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ୧᪉࡜ࡶࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾே㛫ࡗ࡚ࡢࡀࡘࡃࡾࡔࡋࡓᩥ໬࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ஦ᐇ࡛ࠊ⮬↛≧ែ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࢇ࡛ ୧᪉࡜ࡶࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾே㛫ࡗ࡚ࡢࡀࡘࡃࡾࡔࡋࡓᩥ໬࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ஦ᐇ࡛ࠊ⮬↛≧ែ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࢇ࡛

ࡍࡼࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊே㛫ࡀࡘࡃࡾࡔࡋࡓᩥ໬࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡢㄆ㆑ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡣ኱ኚ㔜せࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡍࡼࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊே㛫ࡀࡘࡃࡾࡔࡋࡓᩥ໬࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡢㄆ㆑ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡣ኱ኚ㔜せࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋṧࡾࡢ࠾୕᪉࡛࡝࠺࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋṧࡾࡢ࠾୕᪉࡛࡝࠺࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ

㸦ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧 ࡕࡻࡗ࡜ࡔࡅ▷࠸ࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࢆࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜࢔࣮ࢺ࡟ࡣඹ㏻㡯ࡶ࠸ࡗࡥ࠸࠶ࡿࢃ

㸦ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧 ࡕࡻࡗ࡜ࡔࡅ▷࠸ࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࢆࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜࢔࣮ࢺ࡟ࡣඹ㏻㡯ࡶ࠸ࡗࡥ࠸࠶ࡿࢃ

ࡅ࡛ࡍࠋศ㔝࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇ㐪࠸ࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ࡝ࡕࡽ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡀၥࢃࢀࡿ࡜

ࡅ࡛ࡍࠋศ㔝࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇ㐪࠸ࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ࡝ࡕࡽ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡀၥࢃࢀࡿ࡜

࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ㞀ᐖ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ  ࡘ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠊࡓࡔ㞀ᐖࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡀၥ㢟࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾ࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ㞀ᐖ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ  ࡘ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠊࡓࡔ㞀ᐖࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡀၥ㢟࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾ

ࡲࡏࢇࠋどぬ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶ࠸ࢀࡤࠊᚰ㌟㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ㌴࠸ࡍ࡟஌ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ࡶ࠸ࡿࠊ⫈ぬ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶࡲࡏࢇࠋどぬ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶ࠸ࢀࡤࠊᚰ㌟㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ㌴࠸ࡍ࡟஌ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ࡶ࠸ࡿࠊ⫈ぬ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶ࠸ࡿࠋ㞀ᐖ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡶ㸯ࡘ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

࠸ࡿࠋ㞀ᐖ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡶ㸯ࡘ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛ࡶࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢔࣮ࢺ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡀ኱஦࡛ࡍࠋ࡜ࡶ࡟⨾ࡋࡉ ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛ࡶࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢔࣮ࢺ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡀ኱஦࡛ࡍࠋ࡜ࡶ࡟⨾ࡋࡉ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆぢࡿࠊࡑࢀࡀ㞀ᐖ⪅࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜೺ᖖ⪅࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆぢࡿࠊࡑࢀࡀ㞀ᐖ⪅࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜೺ᖖ⪅࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜㛵ಀ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࡑࡢேࡀఱࢆࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࠊఱࢆࡘࡃࡾฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࠊ๰㐀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜㛵ಀ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࡑࡢேࡀఱࢆࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࠊఱࢆࡘࡃࡾฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࠊ๰㐀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࠊࡇࡢ๰㐀ຊ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀᴟࡵ࡚㔜せ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ

࠿ࠊࡇࡢ๰㐀ຊ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀᴟࡵ࡚㔜せ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ ඛ࡯࡝࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶᛀࢀ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅࡲࡏࢇࠋఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ୰࡟ ඛ࡯࡝࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶᛀࢀ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅࡲࡏࢇࠋఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ୰࡟

ࡶ⨾ࡋࡉࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ⨾ࠊࡇࢀࢆᛀࢀ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࠋఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⨾ࡶᛀࢀ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡶ⨾ࡋࡉࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ⨾ࠊࡇࢀࢆᛀࢀ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࠋఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⨾ࡶᛀࢀ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞➇ᢏࡢୡ⏺኱఍ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸➇ᢏࡶ ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞➇ᢏࡢୡ⏺኱఍ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸➇ᢏࡶ࠸ࡗࡥ࠸࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡶࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࡳࢇ࡞ࡀ⇕୰࡛ࡁࡿࠊᚰࢆ୍ࡘ࡟ࡍࡿ

࠸ࡗࡥ࠸࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡶࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࡳࢇ࡞ࡀ⇕୰࡛ࡁࡿࠊᚰࢆ୍ࡘ࡟ࡍࡿ

ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ➇ᢏࡶ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏ

ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ➇ᢏࡶ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ࡞ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏ

32

32

ࢇࠋ࡛ࡶࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ୰࡟ࡶ⨾ࡀ࠶ࡿࠊ⨾ࡋࡉࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡣࢫ࣏࣮

ࢇࠋ࡛ࡶࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ୰࡟ࡶ⨾ࡀ࠶ࡿࠊ⨾ࡋࡉࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡣࢫ࣏࣮

ࢶ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ࢔࣮ࢺ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࢶ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ࢔࣮ࢺ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

㸦⸨⏣㸧 ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࠊఱࢆࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁࡣྠࡌࡔ࡜

㸦⸨⏣㸧 ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࠊఱࢆࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁࡣྠࡌࡔ࡜

࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟㈶ྠࡋࡲࡍࠋ⚾ࡶ࢔࣮ࢺࡶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣྠࡌࡔ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡓࡔࠊ᮲௳ࡀ

࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟㈶ྠࡋࡲࡍࠋ⚾ࡶ࢔࣮ࢺࡶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡶᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣྠࡌࡔ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡓࡔࠊ᮲௳ࡀ

࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢሙྜࡣ຾ࡓ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࠊ㏿ࡃ㉮ࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲ

࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢሙྜࡣ຾ࡓ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࠊ㏿ࡃ㉮ࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ࡘࡢ≀ᕪࡋࡔࡅ࡛⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡃ࡜ࠊࡑࢀࡣ஌ࡾ㉺࠼࡞ࡁࡷ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࠊ㞀ᐖࡣ஌ࡾ㉺࠼࡞ࡁࡍࠋ ࡘࡢ≀ᕪࡋࡔࡅ࡛⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡃ࡜ࠊࡑࢀࡣ஌ࡾ㉺࠼࡞ࡁࡷ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࠊ㞀ᐖࡣ஌ࡾ㉺࠼࡞ࡁࡷ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡀࠋ

ࡷ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡀࠋ ぢ᪉ࢆኚ࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ౛࠼ࡤ⩏㊊࡛㉮ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࠊࣂࣛࣥࢫᝏࡃ㌿ࡧࡑ࠺࡟࡞ࡾ࡞ࡀࡽ㉮ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿே ぢ᪉ࢆኚ࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ౛࠼ࡤ⩏㊊࡛㉮ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࠊࣂࣛࣥࢫᝏࡃ㌿ࡧࡑ࠺࡟࡞ࡾ࡞ࡀࡽ㉮ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࢆぢ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡣከศグ㘓ⓗ࡟ࡣᝏ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ୍᪉࡛ࠊྑ㊊࡜ᕥ㊊࡜㐪࠺⣲ᮦࡢேࡀ㌿ࡤࡎࢆぢ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡣከศグ㘓ⓗ࡟ࡣᝏ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ୍᪉࡛ࠊྑ㊊࡜ᕥ㊊࡜㐪࠺⣲ᮦࡢேࡀ㌿ࡤࡎ࡟㉮ࡿ࠺࠼࡛ࠊࡍࡈࡃࣂࣛࣥࢫࡢ࠸࠸㉮ࡾࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ୰

࡟㉮ࡿ࠺࠼࡛ࠊࡍࡈࡃࣂࣛࣥࢫࡢ࠸࠸㉮ࡾࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ୰

ࡢ౯್ࢆከᵝ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊே㛫ࡢከᵝᛶࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ

ࡢ౯್ࢆከᵝ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊே㛫ࡢከᵝᛶࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ

࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࡶࡢࢆ࡝࠺ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿ࠊఱࢆࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࡶࡢࢆ࡝࠺ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿ࠊఱࢆࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡜ࡇࢁࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡣࡕࡻ࠺࡝᫬㛫ࡀࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡣࡕࡻ࠺࡝᫬㛫ࡀࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ

ⓙࡉࢇ㠀ᖖ࡟⤀ኈⓗ࡞ῄዪⓗ࡛ࠊ᫬㛫ࢆᏲࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡁࡕࡗ࡜᫬㛫㏻ࡾ⤊ࢃࡾࡲࡋⓙࡉࢇ㠀ᖖ࡟⤀ኈⓗ࡞ῄዪⓗ࡛ࠊ᫬㛫ࢆᏲࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡁࡕࡗ࡜᫬㛫㏻ࡾ⤊ࢃࡾࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺࡢ᪉࡟ឤㅰ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺࡢ᪉࡟ឤㅰ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

33

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



第 2 セッション

第 2 セッション「オリンピック・パラリンピックにおけるダイバーシティと共生の推進に向けて」「オリンピック・パラリンピックにおけるダイバーシティと共生の推進に向けて」

コーディネーター：土山 實男

コーディネーター：土山 實男

青山学院大学社会連携機構国際交流共同研究センター所長

青山学院大学社会連携機構国際交流共同研究センター所長

㸦ᅵᒣᐿ⏨㸧 ࠕᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᙺ๭࣭ຊࠖ࡜㢟ࡋࡓ➨㸯ࢭࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻

㸦ᅵᒣᐿ⏨㸧 ࠕᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᙺ๭࣭ຊࠖ࡜㢟ࡋࡓ➨㸯ࢭࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆ㏻

ࡌࡓࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ඹ⏕ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᩥ໬ຊ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡸࠊ೺ᖖ⪅࡜㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢඹ⏕ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡌࡓࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ඹ⏕ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᩥ໬ຊ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡸࠊ೺ᖖ⪅࡜㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢඹ⏕ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜♫఍㛤Ⓨ࡞࡝ࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡦࢁࡃㄽࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢ➨㸰ࢭࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜♫఍㛤Ⓨ࡞࡝ࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡦࢁࡃㄽࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢ➨㸰ࢭࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡑࡢ↔Ⅼࢆࡸࡸ᪥ᮏ࡟ࡋࡰࡗ࡚㆟ㄽࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ

ࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡑࡢ↔Ⅼࢆࡸࡸ᪥ᮏ࡟ࡋࡰࡗ࡚㆟ㄽࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ ᭱ึ࡟ࡈሗ࿌࠸ࡓࡔࡃࢽ࣮࣮ࣗࣚࢡᕷ❧኱Ꮫ෸ᩍᤵࡢࣟࣅ࣭ࣥࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇ࡟ࡣࠊ࡜ࡃ ᭱ึ࡟ࡈሗ࿌࠸ࡓࡔࡃࢽ࣮࣮ࣗࣚࢡᕷ❧኱Ꮫ෸ᩍᤵࡢࣟࣅ࣭ࣥࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇ࡟ࡣࠊ࡜ࡃ

࡟᪥ᮏࡢዪᏊ㑅ᡭࡀ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟࡝࠺㛵ࢃࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࠿ࢆṔྐⓗ࡟࠾ヰࡋ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋࢣࢵࢺࣜ

࡟᪥ᮏࡢዪᏊ㑅ᡭࡀ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟࡝࠺㛵ࢃࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࠿ࢆṔྐⓗ࡟࠾ヰࡋ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋࢣࢵࢺࣜ

ࣥࢫ࣮࢟ඛ⏕ࡣࠊ࣌ࣥࢩࣝࣂࢽ࢔኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽ༤ኈྕࢆྲྀᚓࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᪥ᮏ◊✲⪅ࣥࢫ࣮࢟ඛ⏕ࡣࠊ࣌ࣥࢩࣝࣂࢽ࢔኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽ༤ኈྕࢆྲྀᚓࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᪥ᮏ◊✲⪅࡛ࡍࠋඛ⏕ࡣ➨㸯ᅇ┠ࡢᮾி࣐ࣛࢯࣥࢆどᐹࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ◊✲⪅࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ྠ

࡛ࡍࠋඛ⏕ࡣ➨㸯ᅇ┠ࡢᮾி࣐ࣛࢯࣥࢆどᐹࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ◊✲⪅࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ྠ

᫬࡟ࠊඛ⏕ࡈ⮬㌟ࡀ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺ࡛ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ᫂᪥㛤ദࡉࢀࡿࣁ࣮ࣇ࣐ࣛࢯࣥ࡟ࡶཧຍࡉࢀࡿ࡜

᫬࡟ࠊඛ⏕ࡈ⮬㌟ࡀ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺ࡛ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ᫂᪥㛤ദࡉࢀࡿࣁ࣮ࣇ࣐ࣛࢯࣥ࡟ࡶཧຍࡉࢀࡿ࡜

ఛࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ఛࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ 㸰␒┠࡟ࡈሗ࿌࡟࡞ࡿ⡿࣐࢝ࣛࢬ࣮኱Ꮫ෸ᩍᤵࡢࢹࢽࢫ࣭ࣇࣟࢫࢺඛ⏕ࡣࠊ⡿ࢥࣟࣥࣅ࢔኱Ꮫ࡛ 㸰␒┠࡟ࡈሗ࿌࡟࡞ࡿ⡿࣐࢝ࣛࢬ࣮኱Ꮫ෸ᩍᤵࡢࢹࢽࢫ࣭ࣇࣟࢫࢺඛ⏕ࡣࠊ⡿ࢥࣟࣥࣅ࢔኱Ꮫ࡛

༤ኈྕࢆྲྀᚓࡉࢀࡓṔྐᏛ⪅࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡞࡝࡬ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࢀ

༤ኈྕࢆྲྀᚓࡉࢀࡓṔྐᏛ⪅࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡞࡝࡬ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࢀ

ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡲࡍࠋ

 㸱␒┠࡟ሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡿᮾ໭ᩥ໬Ꮫᅬ኱Ꮫᩍᤵ࡛ᮏࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᐈဨ◊✲ဨࡢ㣤➲బ௦Ꮚඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊ࢜ࣜ 㸱␒┠࡟ሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡿᮾ໭ᩥ໬Ꮫᅬ኱Ꮫᩍᤵ࡛ᮏࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᐈဨ◊✲ဨࡢ㣤➲బ௦Ꮚඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊ࢜ࣜ

ࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧࢆẚ㍑ศᯒࡋࠊ㛤఍ᘧ࡟⌧ࢀࡓከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡟ᑐࡍࡿྛ኱఍ࡢ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࡀఱࡔࡗ

ࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧࢆẚ㍑ศᯒࡋࠊ㛤఍ᘧ࡟⌧ࢀࡓከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡟ᑐࡍࡿྛ኱఍ࡢ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࡀఱࡔࡗ

ࡓࡢ࠿᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ
㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡣὠ⏣ሿ኱Ꮫࡢࡈฟ㌟୍࡛ᶫ኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽ༤ኈྕ
㸦♫఍Ꮫ㸧ࡓࡢ࠿᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ
㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡣὠ⏣ሿ኱Ꮫࡢࡈฟ㌟୍࡛ᶫ኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽ༤ኈྕ
㸦♫఍Ꮫ㸧ࢆྲྀᚓࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋඛ⏕ࡣ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡟␃Ꮫࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡸ࢝ࢼࢲࠊ

ࢆྲྀᚓࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋඛ⏕ࡣ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡟␃Ꮫࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡸ࢝ࢼࢲࠊ

࡜ࡃ࡟ࢣ࣋ࢵࢡࡢከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ၥ㢟࡟㛗ᖺྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛ࡇࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ඹ⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿၥ㢟ព㆑࡜ࡃ࡟ࢣ࣋ࢵࢡࡢከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ၥ㢟࡟㛗ᖺྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛ࡇࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ඹ⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿၥ㢟ព㆑ࢆࠊ௒ᅇࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ㄽࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ

ࢆࠊ௒ᅇࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ㄽࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ඛ⏕࡝࠺ࡒࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ඛ⏕࡝࠺ࡒࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ

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「From the Margins to the Medal Stand: Women andthe Olympic Movement
困難から金メダルへ: 女性選手とオリンピック」「From the Margins to the Medal Stand: Women andthe Olympic Movement
困難から金メダルへ: 女性選手とオリンピック」

Dr. Robin Kietlinski

Dr. Robin Kietlinski

The City University of New York, LaGuardia Community College, Assistant Prof.

The City University of New York, LaGuardia Community College, Assistant Prof.

Introduction

Introduction

The first modern Olympic Games held in 1896 had no female athletes. At the London

The first modern Olympic Games held in 1896 had no female athletes. At the London

2012 Summer Games, every country participating had female athletes on their teams2012 Summer Games, every country participating had female athletes on their teams

for the first time in history. Moreover, any new sport wishing to be included in thefor the first time in history. Moreover, any new sport wishing to be included in the

Olympic program must now include a women䯑s event. Over the past century, attitudes

Olympic program must now include a women䯑s event. Over the past century, attitudes

towards women䯑s participation in elite-level sports have changed dramatically, and thetowards women䯑s participation in elite-level sports have changed dramatically, and theInternational Olympic Committee (IOC) has taken note of these changes and at times

International Olympic Committee (IOC) has taken note of these changes and at times

has been on the forefront of implementing them.

has been on the forefront of implementing them.

The Olympic Games can provide many practical examples of both gender

The Olympic Games can provide many practical examples of both gender

discrimination and gender equity. As a nearly-universally recognized event, the Games

discrimination and gender equity. As a nearly-universally recognized event, the Games

can serve as a useful cross-cultural tool to both understand and teach about the way

can serve as a useful cross-cultural tool to both understand and teach about the way

situations have changed for women over time and in different parts of the world.

situations have changed for women over time and in different parts of the world.

Indeed, as academics are aware, societies are complicated and progress does not often

Indeed, as academics are aware, societies are complicated and progress does not often

occur in a straightforward or linear way. However, by looking at the Olympics, which

occur in a straightforward or linear way. However, by looking at the Olympics, whichhave taken place in regular intervals for over a century and which involve women fromhave taken place in regular intervals for over a century and which involve women fromall over the world, we can simplify and see more clearly ways that change has occurred

all over the world, we can simplify and see more clearly ways that change has occurred

for women. Drawing on examples from the earliest point of inclusion of women䯑s

for women. Drawing on examples from the earliest point of inclusion of women䯑s

events at the Olympics up to the twenty-first century, this presentation will highlight

events at the Olympics up to the twenty-first century, this presentation will highlightsome of the key events in the history of female athletes and the Olympics. We will seesome of the key events in the history of female athletes and the Olympics. We will seethat the Olympic movement has been reflective of larger shifts in attitudes towards

that the Olympic movement has been reflective of larger shifts in attitudes towards

female participation in realms that go far beyond the playing field. Along with myfemale participation in realms that go far beyond the playing field. Along with myfellow panelists who are looking at different angles of cultural diversity in the Olympic

fellow panelists who are looking at different angles of cultural diversity in the Olympic

movement, I hope to help shed light on the ways that the Olympics have historically

movement, I hope to help shed light on the ways that the Olympics have historicallydemonstrated and promoted inclusion for women.

demonstrated and promoted inclusion for women.

35

35History of Women in the Olympics 䯋 Important Milestones

History of Women in the Olympics 䯋 Important Milestones

Throughout history, societies around the world have thought that competitive sports

Throughout history, societies around the world have thought that competitive sports

should only be for men. There have been a number of reasons given for the exclusion ofshould only be for men. There have been a number of reasons given for the exclusion of

women in sports, including: 1) that vigorous physical competition goes against basic

women in sports, including: 1) that vigorous physical competition goes against basic

human nature for women; 2) that sports can cause women to become more masculine

human nature for women; 2) that sports can cause women to become more masculine

and/or lose their ability to procreate; and 3) that It is indecent for women to appear in

and/or lose their ability to procreate; and 3) that It is indecent for women to appear in

public wearing revealing uniforms such as swimsuits and shorts.1 For these reasons, nopublic wearing revealing uniforms such as swimsuits and shorts.1 For these reasons, no

women competed at the first modern Olympic Games in Athens 1896. Pierre de

women competed at the first modern Olympic Games in Athens 1896. Pierre de

Courbertin fought against the admission of women into the Olympics for the roughly

Courbertin fought against the admission of women into the Olympics for the roughly

three decades that he served as President of the IOC, as he disapproved of women䯑sthree decades that he served as President of the IOC, as he disapproved of women䯑s

involvement in public competitions.2

involvement in public competitions.2

However, this sentiment did not seem to last long, or at least was chipped away at

However, this sentiment did not seem to last long, or at least was chipped away at

early on. Women first competed at the second Olympics, the 1900 Games in Paris. At

early on. Women first competed at the second Olympics, the 1900 Games in Paris. At

this event, women were allowed to compete in lawn tennis, golf, and yachting, which

this event, women were allowed to compete in lawn tennis, golf, and yachting, whichwere considered to be more 䯔activities䯕 than competitive sports. As I mentioned,

were considered to be more 䯔activities䯕 than competitive sports. As I mentioned,

though, progress is rarely linear and straightforward - at the next Games in St. Louisthough, progress is rarely linear and straightforward - at the next Games in St. Louisin 1904, the organizer of the Games preferred male-only competition, and got rid of thein 1904, the organizer of the Games preferred male-only competition, and got rid of theoriginal three events for women. The only women appeared in an 䯔exhibition䯕 oforiginal three events for women. The only women appeared in an 䯔exhibition䯕 ofarchery.3 Women competed in swimming events for the first time in 1912, which wasarchery.3 Women competed in swimming events for the first time in 1912, which wasconsidered a big breakthrough since swimming required a lot of physical effort andconsidered a big breakthrough since swimming required a lot of physical effort andrevealing costumes. None of the swimmers in 1912 were from the United States, as

revealing costumes. None of the swimmers in 1912 were from the United States, as

American officials would not allow its female athletes to compete in events without

American officials would not allow its female athletes to compete in events without

long skirts. In fact, the United States did not send any female athletes to the Olympic

long skirts. In fact, the United States did not send any female athletes to the Olympic

Games until 1920, well after its European counterparts did.4

Games until 1920, well after its European counterparts did.4

The lack of women at the Olympic Games in the early-twentieth century should not be

The lack of women at the Olympic Games in the early-twentieth century should not be

misinterpreted to suggest that women were not participating in competitive sport

misinterpreted to suggest that women were not participating in competitive sport

outside the Olympics. While the event that was growing to be the largest international

outside the Olympics. While the event that was growing to be the largest international

stage for sports was initially not receptive to women competing alongside their malestage for sports was initially not receptive to women competing alongside their malecounterparts, a number of other domestic and international competitions werecounterparts, a number of other domestic and international competitions were11Cahn, Susan K. Coming on Strong: Gender and Sexuality in Twentieth-Century Women’s Sport.

Cahn, Susan K. Coming on Strong: Gender and Sexuality in Twentieth-Century Women’s Sport.

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994. p. 8

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994. p. 8

2

Guttmann, Allen. Women’s Sports: A History. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1991. p.163

2

Guttmann, Allen. Women’s Sports: A History. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1991. p.163

Aaseng, Nathan. Women Olympic Champions. San Diego: Lucent Books, 2001. p. 14

3Aaseng, Nathan. Women Olympic Champions. San Diego: Lucent Books, 2001. p. 14

ibid, 15

4

ibid, 15

3
4

36

36

emerging for female athletes. Perhaps most notably, an event called the Women's

emerging for female athletes. Perhaps most notably, an event called the Women's

Olympic Games were started in 1922 by a French proponent of women's sport named

Olympic Games were started in 1922 by a French proponent of women's sport named

Alice Milliat.5 Although Pierre de Coubertin had conceived of the Olympic Games as a

Alice Milliat.5 Although Pierre de Coubertin had conceived of the Olympic Games as a

male-only event, his idea was unable to withstand social changes in gender equity

male-only event, his idea was unable to withstand social changes in gender equity

occurring at the turn of the century in the West. Dismayed by the IOC's refusal tooccurring at the turn of the century in the West. Dismayed by the IOC's refusal toallow women's participation in track and field events (the most anticipated and popularallow women's participation in track and field events (the most anticipated and popular

events of the Games at the time), Alice Milliat created the F䥊d䥊ration Sportive

events of the Games at the time), Alice Milliat created the F䥊d䥊ration SportiveF䥊minine Internationale (FSFI), which organized the first Women's Olympic Games inF䥊minine Internationale (FSFI), which organized the first Women's Olympic Games in

Paris in 1922.6

Paris in 1922.6

The second Women's Olympic Games were held in 1926 in Gothenberg, Sweden, andThe second Women's Olympic Games were held in 1926 in Gothenberg, Sweden, andwere a much larger affair than the original one-day, 18-athlete event held four years

were a much larger affair than the original one-day, 18-athlete event held four years

prior in Paris.

prior in Paris.

These second Women's Olympics had athletes from 10 different

These second Women's Olympics had athletes from 10 different

countries, among them Hitomi Kinue as the sole representative of Japan. Then 19

countries, among them Hitomi Kinue as the sole representative of Japan. Then 19

years old, Hitomi already had an impressive record in running, throwing, and jumping

years old, Hitomi already had an impressive record in running, throwing, and jumping

events at local and national competitions in Japan, and she was simultaneously

events at local and national competitions in Japan, and she was simultaneously

supporting herself by working as the first women‫ގ‬s sports journalist at the Osaka

supporting herself by working as the first women‫ގ‬s sports journalist at the Osaka

Mainichi Shimbun. At the 1926 Games in Sweden, Hitomi competed in six different

Mainichi Shimbun. At the 1926 Games in Sweden, Hitomi competed in six different

events, receiving medals in five of these events and setting the world record in theevents, receiving medals in five of these events and setting the world record in therunning long jump. She was officially honored as the outstanding individual of therunning long jump. She was officially honored as the outstanding individual of thegames. In her autobiography, Hitomi wrote that, ‫ގޏ‬Japanese woman‫ ގ‬still means togames. In her autobiography, Hitomi wrote that, ‫ގޏ‬Japanese woman‫ ގ‬still means tomost people someone shuffling along on tall geta (sandals), and heavily done up withmost people someone shuffling along on tall geta (sandals), and heavily done up withwhite make䯈up. Yet with my suntanned skin and strong physique I have helped towhite make䯈up. Yet with my suntanned skin and strong physique I have helped tooverturn this image.‫ޏ‬7

overturn this image.‫ޏ‬7

In large part because of the success of the Women‫ގ‬s Olympics in 1926, the IOC

In large part because of the success of the Women‫ގ‬s Olympics in 1926, the IOC

introduced women‫ގ‬s track and field at the 1928 Olympics in Amsterdam. Hitomi

introduced women‫ގ‬s track and field at the 1928 Olympics in Amsterdam. Hitomi

Kinue took part in the first ever women‫ގ‬s track event in the Olympics, which was theKinue took part in the first ever women‫ގ‬s track event in the Olympics, which was the

100 meter race. After finishing fourth in the finals of the 100m, Hitomi begged her

100 meter race. After finishing fourth in the finals of the 100m, Hitomi begged hercoach to allow her to enter the only other running event for women, the 800m race,coach to allow her to enter the only other running event for women, the 800m race,

despite the fact that she had never once raced (or trained for) this distance. Her coachdespite the fact that she had never once raced (or trained for) this distance. Her coachentered her in the 800m race and, in a dramatic struggle, Hitomi wound up taking

entered her in the 800m race and, in a dramatic struggle, Hitomi wound up taking

second place and making history as the first Japanese female medal winner at thesecond place and making history as the first Japanese female medal winner at the

Olympic Games.

Olympic Games.

5Cahn, 57

5

Cahn, 57

Guttmann, 167

6

Guttmann, 167

Hitomi Kinue Monogatari. Tokyo: Asahi Bunko, 1990, p. 103

7

Hitomi Kinue Monogatari. Tokyo: Asahi Bunko, 1990, p. 103

6
7

37

37

Hitomi received media attention never before seen for a female athlete in Japan.

Hitomi received media attention never before seen for a female athlete in Japan.

Beyond the coverage in the Japanese newspapers, the international media had also

Beyond the coverage in the Japanese newspapers, the international media had also

taken note of this particular race, as women‫ގ‬s track was still a young sport, and thetaken note of this particular race, as women‫ގ‬s track was still a young sport, and the800̺meter distance was thought to be dangerously taxing on the female physique. The

800̺meter distance was thought to be dangerously taxing on the female physique. The

following article appeared in the New York Times on August 3, 1928:

following article appeared in the New York Times on August 3, 1928:

The final of the womenүs 800̺meter run, in which Frau Lina Radke of Germany set a

The final of the womenүs 800̺meter run, in which Frau Lina Radke of Germany set aworldүs record, plainly demonstrated that even this distance makes too great a call on

worldүs record, plainly demonstrated that even this distance makes too great a call on

feminine strength. At the finish six out of the nine runners were completely exhausted

feminine strength. At the finish six out of the nine runners were completely exhausted

and fell headlong on the ground. Several had to be carried off the track. The little

and fell headlong on the ground. Several had to be carried off the track. The little

American girl, Miss Florence MacDonald, who made a gallant try but was outclassed,

American girl, Miss Florence MacDonald, who made a gallant try but was outclassed,

was in a half faint for several minutes, while even the sturdy Miss Hitomi of Japan, who

was in a half faint for several minutes, while even the sturdy Miss Hitomi of Japan, who

finished second, needed attention before she was able to leave the field.

finished second, needed attention before she was able to leave the field.

This article demonstrates the climate in which women of that era were competing,This article demonstrates the climate in which women of that era were competing,and shows how media coverage tended to represent female athletes as weaker thanand shows how media coverage tended to represent female athletes as weaker thanmen. Over the years, opinions as to which sports were acceptable for women havemen. Over the years, opinions as to which sports were acceptable for women have

evolved considerably. For example, following Hitomi‫ގ‬s 800̺meter Olympic race inevolved considerably. For example, following Hitomi‫ގ‬s 800̺meter Olympic race in

1928, the [all̺male] International Olympic Committee (IOC) determined that it was

1928, the [all̺male] International Olympic Committee (IOC) determined that it was

inappropriate for women to run more than 800 meters because of the unsightly fatigue

inappropriate for women to run more than 800 meters because of the unsightly fatigue

they demonstrated following the race. The Committee removed the event from thethey demonstrated following the race. The Committee removed the event from the

Olympics and it was not reinstated until 1960.

Olympics and it was not reinstated until 1960.

I have taken the time to focus on the career of Hitomi Kinue not only because she was

I have taken the time to focus on the career of Hitomi Kinue not only because she was

the first Japanese woman to compete at the Olympic Games, but because her story is,

the first Japanese woman to compete at the Olympic Games, but because her story is,

to me, reflective of the non-linear and complex progress that women have made in theto me, reflective of the non-linear and complex progress that women have made in the

Olympics. She was an Asian woman who was competing well before women from many

Olympics. She was an Asian woman who was competing well before women from many

Western nations were involved, which challenges a stereotype still present today that

Western nations were involved, which challenges a stereotype still present today thatwomen in Asia somehow lag behind their Western counterparts. The inclusion then

women in Asia somehow lag behind their Western counterparts. The inclusion thenexclusion of the women䯑s 800-meter race at the Olympics also demonstrates the unease

exclusion of the women䯑s 800-meter race at the Olympics also demonstrates the uneasethat Olympic officials had with respect to women䯑s participation in competitive sportsthat Olympic officials had with respect to women䯑s participation in competitive sports

in the early-20th century.

in the early-20th century.

38

38

Image 1. Hitomi Kinue

Image 1. Hitomi Kinue

Museum Newsletter Nr.35 (Prince Chichibu Memorial Sports Museum and Library)Museum Newsletter Nr.35 (Prince Chichibu Memorial Sports Museum and Library)

Regarding this unease that male officials felt about women in competitive sport, I

Regarding this unease that male officials felt about women in competitive sport, I

would like to refer back to the predominant concerns about women athletes at thiswould like to refer back to the predominant concerns about women athletes at thistime: 1) that vigorous physical competition goes against women䯑s basic human nature;

time: 1) that vigorous physical competition goes against women䯑s basic human nature;2) that sports can cause women to become more masculine and/or lose their ability to2) that sports can cause women to become more masculine and/or lose their ability toprocreate; and 3) that It is indecent for women to appear in public wearing revealing

procreate; and 3) that It is indecent for women to appear in public wearing revealing

uniforms. By the 1920s and 30s, it was becoming clear that sports did not go against

uniforms. By the 1920s and 30s, it was becoming clear that sports did not go against

women䯑s human nature. In fact, as the 19th-century Victorian aesthetic ideal of thewomen䯑s human nature. In fact, as the 19th-century Victorian aesthetic ideal of the

weak and idle woman faded away, many nations (including Japan), were incorporating

weak and idle woman faded away, many nations (including Japan), were incorporating

more physical education and competitive sports into their school curriculums as they

more physical education and competitive sports into their school curriculums as they

had come to be seen as benefiting the health of young women and, by extension, thehad come to be seen as benefiting the health of young women and, by extension, thenation.

nation.

That said, there was also an understanding that childhood was the appropriate timeThat said, there was also an understanding that childhood was the appropriate time

for such activity. Much like women in the workforce, there was an expectation thatfor such activity. Much like women in the workforce, there was an expectation that

athletes would retire upon marriage (one of the points at which females move fromathletes would retire upon marriage (one of the points at which females move fromgirlhood to adulthood). In Japan in the 1920s and 30s, female athletes who competed

girlhood to adulthood). In Japan in the 1920s and 30s, female athletes who competed

into their 20s and eschewed marriage and motherhood were publicly rumored to be

into their 20s and eschewed marriage and motherhood were publicly rumored to belesbians or transgender.8䢢If it wasn䯑t speculation over one䯑s sexual orientation, it was

lesbians or transgender.8䢢If it wasn䯑t speculation over one䯑s sexual orientation, it was

8

8

Most famously in Japan, track and field star Hitomi Kinue

39

Most famously in Japan, track and field star Hitomi Kinue

39

media scrutiny over when a female athlete was going to retire from her sport to begin

media scrutiny over when a female athlete was going to retire from her sport to begin

her life as a housewife and mother.9

her life as a housewife and mother.9

There was also a growing literature on the relationship between exercise and

There was also a growing literature on the relationship between exercise andreproduction. Strong assertions were made on both sides, with some declaring that all

reproduction. Strong assertions were made on both sides, with some declaring that allsorts of female dysfunction (including sterility) would result from exercise, and others

sorts of female dysfunction (including sterility) would result from exercise, and others

countering that physical activity, especially during menstruation, was healthy andcountering that physical activity, especially during menstruation, was healthy andtherapeutic for young women. With such contradictory scientific theories, educators intherapeutic for young women. With such contradictory scientific theories, educators in

the expanding fields of female physical education and sports tended towards policies ofthe expanding fields of female physical education and sports tended towards policies ofprudence, advising young women to avoid unnecessary strenuous activity.10

prudence, advising young women to avoid unnecessary strenuous activity.10

A number of factors contributed to changes in popular attitudes toward female

A number of factors contributed to changes in popular attitudes toward female

athletes in subsequent decades. Sportswomen began to unambiguously disprove

athletes in subsequent decades. Sportswomen began to unambiguously disprove

theories that competitive sports led to infertility, and growing numbers of marriedtheories that competitive sports led to infertility, and growing numbers of married

women and mothers shone at the Olympic Games. The most famous was Francina

women and mothers shone at the Olympic Games. The most famous was Francina

䯔Fanny䯕 Blankers-Koen, a Dutch track and field star dubbed 䯔the Flying Housewife,䯕䯔Fanny䯕 Blankers-Koen, a Dutch track and field star dubbed 䯔the Flying Housewife,䯕

who won four gold medals at the 1948 Summer Olympics. She had also competed at the

who won four gold medals at the 1948 Summer Olympics. She had also competed at the

Olympics in 1936, prior to the birth of her two children, but had not won any medals.

Olympics in 1936, prior to the birth of her two children, but had not won any medals.

When she won her four gold medals in 1948 (which was the same number of medals

When she won her four gold medals in 1948 (which was the same number of medals

Jesse Owens had won at the 1936 Games), she was a 30-year old mother of two young

Jesse Owens had won at the 1936 Games), she was a 30-year old mother of two young

children. Blankers-Koen has been widely recognized as having helped change

children. Blankers-Koen has been widely recognized as having helped change

perceptions worldwide about the relationship between sports and fertility. 11 Motherperceptions worldwide about the relationship between sports and fertility. 11 Motherathletes appeared with increasing frequency in Japan through the 20th century, as well.

athletes appeared with increasing frequency in Japan through the 20th century, as well.

At the heavily-publicized 1964 Tokyo Olympics, two of the members of Japan䯑s bronze-

At the heavily-publicized 1964 Tokyo Olympics, two of the members of Japan䯑s bronze-

winning women䯑s gymnastics team, Ikeda Keiko and Ono Kiyoko, each were mothers

winning women䯑s gymnastics team, Ikeda Keiko and Ono Kiyoko, each were mothers

to two young children, and helped change attitudes within Japan. They seemed to

to two young children, and helped change attitudes within Japan. They seemed toprovide positive proof that marriage and childbirth did not need to end an athletic

provide positive proof that marriage and childbirth did not need to end an athletic

career, and that sports were not detrimental to women䯑s biological functioning incareer, and that sports were not detrimental to women䯑s biological functioning inmotherhood.

motherhood.

There have been, however, other concerns related to female Olympians䯑 bodies that

There have been, however, other concerns related to female Olympians䯑 bodies thathave raised concern over the past century. From early on, successful female Olympians

have raised concern over the past century. From early on, successful female Olympians

99

For a detailed history on the prejudices faced by Japan’s early elite sportswomen, see Chapter 4, “FromFor a detailed history on the prejudices faced by Japan’s early elite sportswomen, see Chapter 4, “FromCalisthenics to Competition: Early Participation in International Sport,” in Kietlinski, Robin. JapaneseCalisthenics to Competition: Early Participation in International Sport,” in Kietlinski, Robin. Japanese

Women and Sport: Beyond Baseball and Sumo. London: Bloomsbury Academic Press, 2011.

Women and Sport: Beyond Baseball and Sumo. London: Bloomsbury Academic Press, 2011.

1010

Verbrugge, Martha H. “Recreating the Body: Women’s Physical Education and the Science of Sex

Verbrugge, Martha H. “Recreating the Body: Women’s Physical Education and the Science of Sex

Differences in America, 1900-1940.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 71.2 (1997), p. 286

Differences in America, 1900-1940.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 71.2 (1997), p. 286

1111Cahn, 110

40

Cahn, 11040

have been accused or suspected of being biologically male (including Japan䯑s Hitomi

have been accused or suspected of being biologically male (including Japan䯑s Hitomi

Kinue). Occasionally these suspicions turned out to be accurate, as in the case of theKinue). Occasionally these suspicions turned out to be accurate, as in the case of thegreat sprinter Stella Walsh, a Polish immigrant who grew up in the U.S. and who won

great sprinter Stella Walsh, a Polish immigrant who grew up in the U.S. and who won

the gold medal in the 100-meter sprint in the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics. Though she

the gold medal in the 100-meter sprint in the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics. Though she

was long referred to as having masculine features, it was not until she was shot to

was long referred to as having masculine features, it was not until she was shot todeath in a parking lot in 1980 that her autopsy revealed that Walsh was in fact a

death in a parking lot in 1980 that her autopsy revealed that Walsh was in fact aman.12 There is one other known case of a male athlete posing as female, in the 1936

man.12 There is one other known case of a male athlete posing as female, in the 1936

Olympics, German Hermann Ratjen competed in the women䯑s high jump as DoraOlympics, German Hermann Ratjen competed in the women䯑s high jump as Dora

Ratjen. It was later revealed that the Nazi party has pressured him to disguise his

Ratjen. It was later revealed that the Nazi party has pressured him to disguise his

gender 䯋 ironically, Ratjen came in fourth place and did not win a medal forgender 䯋 ironically, Ratjen came in fourth place and did not win a medal for

Germany.13 The IOC began chromosomal sex testing at the 1968 Olympic Games to try

Germany.13 The IOC began chromosomal sex testing at the 1968 Olympic Games to try

to ensure that men were not competing in women䯑s events. However, such sex testing

to ensure that men were not competing in women䯑s events. However, such sex testinghas been a controversial topic since it first began, in large part because sports are

has been a controversial topic since it first began, in large part because sports are

divided into two categories, male and female, but humans have proven to have various

divided into two categories, male and female, but humans have proven to have various

genetic conditions that do not allow all athletes to easily fit into one category or the

genetic conditions that do not allow all athletes to easily fit into one category or theother. Debates on this subject continue to the present day, for example South African

other. Debates on this subject continue to the present day, for example South African

runner Caster Semenya was in the public spotlight at the 2012 Olympics after

runner Caster Semenya was in the public spotlight at the 2012 Olympics after

suspicions were raised over whether or not she was biologically female. The IOC has

suspicions were raised over whether or not she was biologically female. The IOC has

repeatedly revised its testing methods and its stance on this issue since the 1960s, but

repeatedly revised its testing methods and its stance on this issue since the 1960s, but

discontent remains among many athletes and officials who disagree with the arbitrary

discontent remains among many athletes and officials who disagree with the arbitrarylines (now in levels of testosterone) that the IOC has drawn.

lines (now in levels of testosterone) that the IOC has drawn.

12

Aaseng, 19

12

Aaseng, 19Cahn, 263

13

Cahn, 263

13

41

41

Image 2. Dora Ratjen

Image 2. Dora Ratjen

Journal of Olympic History 17 (December 2009) Nr.3 (International Society of

Journal of Olympic History 17 (December 2009) Nr.3 (International Society of

Olympic Historians)

Olympic Historians)

Amidst these controversies and setbacks, though, more and more women䯑s sports

Amidst these controversies and setbacks, though, more and more women䯑s sports

have been added to the Summer and Winter Olympic Games each time they take place.

have been added to the Summer and Winter Olympic Games each time they take place.

The first team sport for women, introduced at the Tokyo 1964 Summer Games, was

The first team sport for women, introduced at the Tokyo 1964 Summer Games, wasvolleyball. Of course, volleyball is a team sport but not a contact sport, which suggests

volleyball. Of course, volleyball is a team sport but not a contact sport, which suggests

a lingering unease in the 1960s with the idea of women taking part in higher-riska lingering unease in the 1960s with the idea of women taking part in higher-risk

contact sports. Although many high-impact contact sports for have been added to thecontact sports. Although many high-impact contact sports for have been added to the

Olympic Games since the 1960s, there are still echoes of seemingly outdated modes of

Olympic Games since the 1960s, there are still echoes of seemingly outdated modes ofthought in the public discourse today. For example, there was much debate over thethought in the public discourse today. For example, there was much debate over the

inclusion of women䯑s ski jumping in the Olympics (which not included until the 2014

inclusion of women䯑s ski jumping in the Olympics (which not included until the 2014

Winter Olympics in Sochi). The president of the International Ski Federation (FIS),

Winter Olympics in Sochi). The president of the International Ski Federation (FIS),

Gian Franco Kasper (who is also a member of the IOC) said in 2005 that he opposed

Gian Franco Kasper (who is also a member of the IOC) said in 2005 that he opposed

women䯑s ski jumping because it 䯔seems not to be appropriate for ladies from a medical

women䯑s ski jumping because it 䯔seems not to be appropriate for ladies from a medical

point of view.䯕14 Until 2012, when there were officially no more sports that completely

point of view.䯕14 Until 2012, when there were officially no more sports that completely

exclude women, most sports were introduced first as male-only, then many years or

exclude women, most sports were introduced first as male-only, then many years or

14

14“Sochi 2014: Women’s ski jumpers ready to prove their Olympic mettle.” The Washington Post, Feb. 3,

2014“Sochi 2014: Women’s ski jumpers ready to prove their Olympic mettle.” The Washington Post, Feb. 3,

2014

42

42

decades later the women䯑s event was added (for example, men䯑s judo was introduced

decades later the women䯑s event was added (for example, men䯑s judo was introduced

in 1964, but women could not compete at the Olympics until 1992). Another importantin 1964, but women could not compete at the Olympics until 1992). Another importantmilestone was reached in 2012, when every National Olympic Committee sent female

milestone was reached in 2012, when every National Olympic Committee sent female

athletes to compete 䯋 prior to 2012, the Muslim nations of Qatar, Brunei and Saudi

athletes to compete 䯋 prior to 2012, the Muslim nations of Qatar, Brunei and Saudi

Arabia had never before sent a female athlete.

Arabia had never before sent a female athlete.

While full equality has not been reached between men and women athletes at the

While full equality has not been reached between men and women athletes at the

Olympic Games (in London, 44.2% of all athletes competing were women, and in Sochi

Olympic Games (in London, 44.2% of all athletes competing were women, and in Sochi

40.3% were), there are clear signs of progress that can be traced by looking at the past

40.3% were), there are clear signs of progress that can be traced by looking at the past

century䯑s history.15 This progress has not been completely linear, with setbacks andcentury䯑s history.15 This progress has not been completely linear, with setbacks andcontroversies present since the first female athletes took part (or more accurately fromcontroversies present since the first female athletes took part (or more accurately fromthe first Games in 1896 when women were not invited to participate at all). In 1995,

the first Games in 1896 when women were not invited to participate at all). In 1995,

the International Olympic Committee created the 䯔Women and Sport Working Group,䯕

the International Olympic Committee created the 䯔Women and Sport Working Group,䯕

made up of representatives from the IOC, International Federations, National Olympic

made up of representatives from the IOC, International Federations, National Olympic

Committees, and athletes. This group advises the IOC President and Executive Board

Committees, and athletes. This group advises the IOC President and Executive Boardon different policies to adopt to help increase female participation in sport at all

on different policies to adopt to help increase female participation in sport at alllevels. 16 While the percentage of female athletes at the Games is slowly creeping

levels. 16 While the percentage of female athletes at the Games is slowly creeping

towards 50%, the numbers are far lower when looking at female Olympic

towards 50%, the numbers are far lower when looking at female Olympic

administrators. Since the IOC seems to be actively working on raising the number ofadministrators. Since the IOC seems to be actively working on raising the number ofwomen in governing and administrative bodies of the Olympic Movement, I am hopeful

women in governing and administrative bodies of the Olympic Movement, I am hopefulthat the progress for women Olympians will continue for years to come.

that the progress for women Olympians will continue for years to come.

15

15“Factsheet: Women in the Olympic Movement” (Update – May 2014). Accessed at:“Factsheet: Women in the Olympic Movement” (Update – May 2014). Accessed at:

http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Reference_documents_Factsheets/Women_in_Olympic_Movement.

http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Reference_documents_Factsheets/Women_in_Olympic_Movement.

pdf

pdf

16

16

ibid

43

ibid

43

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

The IOC Factsheet on Women in the Olympic Movement (January 2016)

The IOC Factsheet on Women in the Olympic Movement (January 2016)

44

44

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

The IOC Factsheet on Women in the Olympic Movement (January 2016)

The IOC Factsheet on Women in the Olympic Movement (January 2016)

45

45

「The Paralympic Movement, Disability, and Sports in
Postwar Japan」「The Paralympic Movement, Disability, and Sports in
Postwar Japan」

Dr. Dennis J. Frost

Dr. Dennis J. Frost

Kalamazoo College, Associate Prof.

Kalamazoo College, Associate Prof.

In 2020, Tokyo will become the first city ever to host the International Paralympic Games on two

In 2020, Tokyo will become the first city ever to host the International Paralympic Games on two

occasions. As the city prepares to do so, a number of organizers, athletes, and politicians haveoccasions. As the city prepares to do so, a number of organizers, athletes, and politicians haveexpressed their hopes and expectations that the 2020 Paralympics will be inspirational, raise

expressed their hopes and expectations that the 2020 Paralympics will be inspirational, raiseawareness, and ultimately improve the lives of those with disabilities in Japan. Although I share suchawareness, and ultimately improve the lives of those with disabilities in Japan. Although I share suchhopes, my examinations of the history of Japan’s engagement with the Paralympic Movement so far

hopes, my examinations of the history of Japan’s engagement with the Paralympic Movement so far

leave me less certain that these lofty goals might come about. To be sure, there have been many

leave me less certain that these lofty goals might come about. To be sure, there have been many

important and positive developments stemming from Japan’s involvement with the Paralympics, but

important and positive developments stemming from Japan’s involvement with the Paralympics, but

it is also critical that we move beyond popular assumptions that hosting such events automatically

it is also critical that we move beyond popular assumptions that hosting such events automaticallyequates to improvements for individuals with disabilities.

equates to improvements for individuals with disabilities.

Today, I will offer a brief overview of Japan’s engagement with the Paralympic Games, focusing inToday, I will offer a brief overview of Japan’s engagement with the Paralympic Games, focusing inparticular on three aspects. I’ll explore the evolution of organizational approaches to the Paralympic

particular on three aspects. I’ll explore the evolution of organizational approaches to the Paralympic

Games held in Japan, and as I do so, I’ll also examine changes and continuities in how athletes haveGames held in Japan, and as I do so, I’ll also examine changes and continuities in how athletes havebeen represented, especially among Paralympic organizers and promoters. I’ll end with some brief

been represented, especially among Paralympic organizers and promoters. I’ll end with some brief

points about trends in Japanese media coverage of athletes and consider some possible implications

points about trends in Japanese media coverage of athletes and consider some possible implicationsof current trends.

of current trends.

Since Japan’s engagement with the Paralympic Movement is a relatively recent phenomenon, it

Since Japan’s engagement with the Paralympic Movement is a relatively recent phenomenon, it

makes sense to begin with a brief examination of the origins of the 1964 Paralympic Games. Somemakes sense to begin with a brief examination of the origins of the 1964 Paralympic Games. Someof the recent materials produced for the 50th anniversary of the 1964 Olympics and Paralympicsof the recent materials produced for the 50th anniversary of the 1964 Olympics and Paralympics

give the impression that the Paralympic Games were part and parcel of Japan’s approach to hosting

give the impression that the Paralympic Games were part and parcel of Japan’s approach to hosting

the Olympics from the beginning.i Yet this was certainly not the case.

the Olympics from the beginning.i Yet this was certainly not the case.

Given their prominence, it can be easy to forget that in the 1960s the Paralympics were smaller, lessGiven their prominence, it can be easy to forget that in the 1960s the Paralympics were smaller, lessrecognized, and far less global than the Games we know today. The very first Games held outside ofrecognized, and far less global than the Games we know today. The very first Games held outside ofEngland, where they originated were hosted by Rome in 1960, which means that Tokyo was only the

England, where they originated were hosted by Rome in 1960, which means that Tokyo was only thesecond city outside of England to hold them. At the time, cities hosting the Olympics were notsecond city outside of England to hold them. At the time, cities hosting the Olympics were notrequired or even expected to host these new “Paralympics” (a name that itself was not used withrequired or even expected to host these new “Paralympics” (a name that itself was not used withregularity until 1964), and this continued to be the case well after the Tokyo Games. In fact, an

regularity until 1964), and this continued to be the case well after the Tokyo Games. In fact, an

Olympic host city did not hold the Paralympics again until Seoul in 1988!

Olympic host city did not hold the Paralympics again until Seoul in 1988!

With those background facts in mind, it is all the more remarkable that Japan decided to pursue theWith those background facts in mind, it is all the more remarkable that Japan decided to pursue theParalympics in the early 1960s at all, and it is critical to understand that they made this decision with

Paralympics in the early 1960s at all, and it is critical to understand that they made this decision with46

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almost no preexisting organizations in place to plan or host the Games. At the time, very few people

almost no preexisting organizations in place to plan or host the Games. At the time, very few people

in Japan knew about these events, and no Japanese athletes had ever participated in the prior Games.

in Japan knew about these events, and no Japanese athletes had ever participated in the prior Games.

As I’ve observed in other works on the origins of the first Tokyo Paralympics, it was a whirlwind of

As I’ve observed in other works on the origins of the first Tokyo Paralympics, it was a whirlwind ofsometimes last-minute planning, fundraising, and largely volunteer-based organizational efforts thatsometimes last-minute planning, fundraising, and largely volunteer-based organizational efforts thatmade these Games possible in 1964. In reality the organizers were starting with almost nothing andmade these Games possible in 1964. In reality the organizers were starting with almost nothing andhad less than three years to make the Games happen—and they succeeded, which is an amazing

had less than three years to make the Games happen—and they succeeded, which is an amazing

accomplishment in itself.ii

accomplishment in itself.ii

Japan’s first experience hosting the Paralympics in 1964 produced a number of important

Japan’s first experience hosting the Paralympics in 1964 produced a number of importantconsequences. Three outcomes merit particular attention, especially as they related to perceptions ofconsequences. Three outcomes merit particular attention, especially as they related to perceptions ofathletes with disabilities. First, a point that seems obvious in retrospect, but merits highlighting:athletes with disabilities. First, a point that seems obvious in retrospect, but merits highlighting:these Games and the coverage related to them played a critical role in introducing the Paralympic

these Games and the coverage related to them played a critical role in introducing the Paralympic

Movement to the Japanese population since this was Japan’s first real engagement with theMovement to the Japanese population since this was Japan’s first real engagement with theMovement. Organizers developed an aggressive marketing plan that allowed them to explain what

Movement. Organizers developed an aggressive marketing plan that allowed them to explain what

the Games were and why they were important, establishing a number of patterns of representation in

the Games were and why they were important, establishing a number of patterns of representation in

the process.

the process.

Along those lines, a second key consequence was that the 1964 Paralympics focused

Along those lines, a second key consequence was that the 1964 Paralympics focusedoverwhelmingly on the idea of sports as rehabilitation, and discourses surrounding the Games

overwhelmingly on the idea of sports as rehabilitation, and discourses surrounding the Games

frequently represented athletes—and in particular Japanese athletes—as patients seeking such

frequently represented athletes—and in particular Japanese athletes—as patients seeking such

rehabilitation. Organizers emphasized rehabilitation for a variety of reasons. For one, the earlyrehabilitation. Organizers emphasized rehabilitation for a variety of reasons. For one, the early

Paralympic Movement as a whole was focused on the idea of rehabilitation, which makes it less

Paralympic Movement as a whole was focused on the idea of rehabilitation, which makes it lesssurprising that we would see similar ideals being promoted in Japan. For another, as I’ve argued

surprising that we would see similar ideals being promoted in Japan. For another, as I’ve argued

elsewhere, Japanese organizers were facing a skeptical medical and policy establishment, so in orderelsewhere, Japanese organizers were facing a skeptical medical and policy establishment, so in order

to sell the Games, they emphasized the rehabilitative potential of sports.iii Ultimately, the focus on

to sell the Games, they emphasized the rehabilitative potential of sports.iii Ultimately, the focus on

rehabilitation fostered a view of Japanese Paralympic athletes as “patients,” and the viability of thisrehabilitation fostered a view of Japanese Paralympic athletes as “patients,” and the viability of thisrepresentation was bolstered by the fact that most of Japan’s Paralympians in 1964 were in fact

representation was bolstered by the fact that most of Japan’s Paralympians in 1964 were in factcoming from hospitals or rehabilitation centers. Because Japan lacked an established program tocoming from hospitals or rehabilitation centers. Because Japan lacked an established program topromote disability sports at the time, most of the Japanese athletes had only taken up sports inpromote disability sports at the time, most of the Japanese athletes had only taken up sports inearnest in the years or even months just prior to the Games. In that sense, it is important to realize

earnest in the years or even months just prior to the Games. In that sense, it is important to realizethat many of the representations we see of athletes in connection with 1964 stem from organizationalthat many of the representations we see of athletes in connection with 1964 stem from organizational

issues, the status of disability sports at the time, and general international and Japanese approaches

issues, the status of disability sports at the time, and general international and Japanese approaches

to promoting these sports.

to promoting these sports.

A final key outcome of the 1964 Paralympics was the establishment of formal organizations

A final key outcome of the 1964 Paralympics was the establishment of formal organizations

devoted to the promotion and development of sports for the disabled in Japan. What eventually

devoted to the promotion and development of sports for the disabled in Japan. What eventuallybecame the Japan Sports Association for the Disabled, arguably the single most important

became the Japan Sports Association for the Disabled, arguably the single most importantorganization for promoting the Paralympic Movement in Japan had its roots in the Tokyo Paralympic

organization for promoting the Paralympic Movement in Japan had its roots in the Tokyo Paralympic

organizational efforts, and many of the key promoters of disability sports in postwar Japan got theirorganizational efforts, and many of the key promoters of disability sports in postwar Japan got their

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start with these early planning efforts. The first Tokyo Paralympics also helped spark the creation ofstart with these early planning efforts. The first Tokyo Paralympics also helped spark the creation ofannual national sports meets for athletes with disabilities, events modeled on—and eventuallyannual national sports meets for athletes with disabilities, events modeled on—and eventually

integrated with—the annual Kokutai sports meets.

integrated with—the annual Kokutai sports meets.

As important as these outcomes were, it is also worth noting what we do not see in connection withAs important as these outcomes were, it is also worth noting what we do not see in connection withthe 1964 Paralympics: changes in the built environment that improved the accessibility of the city

the 1964 Paralympics: changes in the built environment that improved the accessibility of the city

for those with disabilities. Most modifications connected to the Games were limited to temporary

for those with disabilities. Most modifications connected to the Games were limited to temporary

fixes in particular areas; there was simply not enough time in the planning stages for the Games tofixes in particular areas; there was simply not enough time in the planning stages for the Games tohave any sort of broader impact in terms of improving accessibility in Tokyo. Despite the creation ofhave any sort of broader impact in terms of improving accessibility in Tokyo. Despite the creation of

key organizations and national events, it is also difficult to gauge how the Games affected broader

key organizations and national events, it is also difficult to gauge how the Games affected broadersocial understandings of and approaches to disability. It seems clear that the Tokyo Paralympics

social understandings of and approaches to disability. It seems clear that the Tokyo Paralympics

raised awareness, at least temporarily, but the lasting impacts beyond the realm of sports are lessraised awareness, at least temporarily, but the lasting impacts beyond the realm of sports are lessclear.

clear.

In the end, the 1964 Games were foundational, but it was the 1998 Winter Paralympics in Nagano

In the end, the 1964 Games were foundational, but it was the 1998 Winter Paralympics in Naganothat served as the groundbreaking moment that began the shift towards the so-called “normalization”

that served as the groundbreaking moment that began the shift towards the so-called “normalization”

of the Paralympics in Japan.iv The reasons behind Nagano’s impact can be found in several keyof the Paralympics in Japan.iv The reasons behind Nagano’s impact can be found in several key

differences from the earlier Games in Tokyo.

differences from the earlier Games in Tokyo.

First, the Nagano Games were clearly building on the organizational legacies that had begun in theFirst, the Nagano Games were clearly building on the organizational legacies that had begun in the

1960s. In particular, Japan’s involvement with disability sports, while not yet part of “mainstream”

1960s. In particular, Japan’s involvement with disability sports, while not yet part of “mainstream”

awareness, had become common. Japanese athletes were regularly engaging in a wide range ofawareness, had become common. Japanese athletes were regularly engaging in a wide range of

disability sports at home and abroad and just as importantly, were increasingly competitive at thedisability sports at home and abroad and just as importantly, were increasingly competitive at theinternational level. In some respects, Japan was now a leading country in the realm of disability

international level. In some respects, Japan was now a leading country in the realm of disability

sports, as can be seen with two international events that I am also studying: the Far East and South

sports, as can be seen with two international events that I am also studying: the Far East and South

Pacific or FESPIC Games for the Disabled and the ƿita international Wheelchair Marathon. Both

Pacific or FESPIC Games for the Disabled and the ƿita international Wheelchair Marathon. Bothevents were rooted in the efforts of Dr. Nakamura Yutaka, a rehabilitation specialist and disability

events were rooted in the efforts of Dr. Nakamura Yutaka, a rehabilitation specialist and disability

sports advocate active since the 1960s. The FESPIC Games were developed in and first hosted by

sports advocate active since the 1960s. The FESPIC Games were developed in and first hosted byƿita in 1975 and were held nine times in eight countries (Japan hosted again in Kobe in 1989) beforeƿita in 1975 and were held nine times in eight countries (Japan hosted again in Kobe in 1989) before

being replaced by the ongoing Asian Para Games in 2010. The Wheelchair Marathon was launchedbeing replaced by the ongoing Asian Para Games in 2010. The Wheelchair Marathon was launchedin ƿita in 1981 as the first event of its kind in the world and is preparing to host its 36th internationalin ƿita in 1981 as the first event of its kind in the world and is preparing to host its 36th international

race later this year. The sheer range of Japanese involvement with disability sports by the 1990s

race later this year. The sheer range of Japanese involvement with disability sports by the 1990s

meant that Japanese organizers and athletes involved in the Nagano Paralympics had significant

meant that Japanese organizers and athletes involved in the Nagano Paralympics had significant

advantages over their counterparts in the earlier Tokyo Games.

advantages over their counterparts in the earlier Tokyo Games.

Another key difference between Tokyo and Nagano can be found in the length of the planning

Another key difference between Tokyo and Nagano can be found in the length of the planningphase. Quite simply, organizers in Nagano had much longer to prepare. Unlike Tokyo where thephase. Quite simply, organizers in Nagano had much longer to prepare. Unlike Tokyo where theParalympics were essentially an afterthought, organizers began pursuing and planning for the

Paralympics were essentially an afterthought, organizers began pursuing and planning for the

Nagano Paralympics in 1990, around the same time that Nagano was named as a finalist in the

Nagano Paralympics in 1990, around the same time that Nagano was named as a finalist in the

Olympic host city competition. The bidding process at that time was not at all integrated, so the

Olympic host city competition. The bidding process at that time was not at all integrated, so the48

48

Nagano Paralympics were still more or less an “add-on” event, but by this time it was expected that

Nagano Paralympics were still more or less an “add-on” event, but by this time it was expected that

Olympic host cities would hold the Paralympics. Compared to Tokyo, the extra time in the planning

Olympic host cities would hold the Paralympics. Compared to Tokyo, the extra time in the planningphase gave the organizers greater opportunities to develop and promote their approach to the Games.

phase gave the organizers greater opportunities to develop and promote their approach to the Games.

Furthermore, organizers were able to capitalize on the fact that the early planning phase for Nagano

Furthermore, organizers were able to capitalize on the fact that the early planning phase for Nagano

overlapped with end of the U.N. Decade of Disabled Persons (1983-92), which had generated

overlapped with end of the U.N. Decade of Disabled Persons (1983-92), which had generated

international pressure on Japan and other countries to demonstrate their commitment to meeting theinternational pressure on Japan and other countries to demonstrate their commitment to meeting theneeds of their disabled populations.

needs of their disabled populations.

In terms of approaches to athletes, perhaps the most notable change from Tokyo to Nagano was the

In terms of approaches to athletes, perhaps the most notable change from Tokyo to Nagano was theincreased emphasis on elite-level competition in connection with the 1998 Games. This shift

increased emphasis on elite-level competition in connection with the 1998 Games. This shiftreflected broader changes in the international Olympic and Paralympic Movements, which were bothreflected broader changes in the international Olympic and Paralympic Movements, which were both

trending toward increased professionalization. For the Nagano Paralympics this move, especially as

trending toward increased professionalization. For the Nagano Paralympics this move, especially as

exemplified in formal promotional efforts represented a significant break from the earlier focus on

exemplified in formal promotional efforts represented a significant break from the earlier focus on

sports as a form of rehabilitation. It is critical to note, however, that the older connection between

sports as a form of rehabilitation. It is critical to note, however, that the older connection between

disability sports and rehabilitation did not disappear. In fact, what we see in Nagano is a largely

disability sports and rehabilitation did not disappear. In fact, what we see in Nagano is a largely

unacknowledged clash of competing discourses about the purpose of Paralympic sports more broadly.

unacknowledged clash of competing discourses about the purpose of Paralympic sports more broadly.

At the heart of this clash were the athletes themselves—Japanese and otherwise—who seem to haveAt the heart of this clash were the athletes themselves—Japanese and otherwise—who seem to havefelt compelled to make the case that they were elite athletes seeking to win, not patients looking tofelt compelled to make the case that they were elite athletes seeking to win, not patients looking torecover.v By the end of the Nagano Games, the idea that Paralympic athletes were elite competitors

recover.v By the end of the Nagano Games, the idea that Paralympic athletes were elite competitors

was clearly gaining ground, thanks in no small part to extensive media coverage of events and a

was clearly gaining ground, thanks in no small part to extensive media coverage of events and anumber of Japanese victories. At the same time, the implicit questions about the ultimate purpose of

number of Japanese victories. At the same time, the implicit questions about the ultimate purpose of

the Paralympics remained unanswered.

the Paralympics remained unanswered.

On a similar note, organizers in Nagano seem to have been more conscientious than their earlier

On a similar note, organizers in Nagano seem to have been more conscientious than their earlier

Tokyo counterparts about the need to modify the area’s built environment to make it more accessible,

Tokyo counterparts about the need to modify the area’s built environment to make it more accessible,a reflection no doubt of broader shifts in Japanese society as well as the longer planninga reflection no doubt of broader shifts in Japanese society as well as the longer planningtimeframe. vi Nevertheless, the experiences of Nagano exemplify a broader pattern, where thetimeframe. vi Nevertheless, the experiences of Nagano exemplify a broader pattern, where theawareness of such issues does not always translate to greater accessibility. Aside from time, one ofawareness of such issues does not always translate to greater accessibility. Aside from time, one of

the biggest obstacles to making significant infrastructural change is funding, especially since

the biggest obstacles to making significant infrastructural change is funding, especially since

Olympic-related projects tend to consume much of the available funds, leaving the Paralympics with

Olympic-related projects tend to consume much of the available funds, leaving the Paralympics withless to work with from the beginning. In this sense, the Nagano Games reveal continuities andless to work with from the beginning. In this sense, the Nagano Games reveal continuities anddifferences with the 1964 Games, and highlight some of the ongoing dilemmas in the Paralympic

differences with the 1964 Games, and highlight some of the ongoing dilemmas in the Paralympic

Movement more broadly.

Movement more broadly.

Turning to the ongoing organizational efforts to host the 2020 Games, we see a number ofTurning to the ongoing organizational efforts to host the 2020 Games, we see a number ofimportant changes that are likely to have an impact on these Games and their participants, yet we

important changes that are likely to have an impact on these Games and their participants, yet we

also see the persistence of earlier patterns and challenges.

also see the persistence of earlier patterns and challenges.

4949

Some of the biggest developments for Tokyo 2020 have to do with structural changes at theSome of the biggest developments for Tokyo 2020 have to do with structural changes at theinternational and national level. In the early 2000s, the IOC and IPC reached a series of agreementsinternational and national level. In the early 2000s, the IOC and IPC reached a series of agreementsthat integrated both sets of Games more fully. As part of the current bidding process for thethat integrated both sets of Games more fully. As part of the current bidding process for the

Olympics, potential host cities now must include their plans for the Paralympics and address how

Olympics, potential host cities now must include their plans for the Paralympics and address how

their city will meet the needs of individuals with disabilities. Another structural change is connected

their city will meet the needs of individuals with disabilities. Another structural change is connectedto the Japanese government where oversight of sports has long been divided between two different

to the Japanese government where oversight of sports has long been divided between two different

ministries. In recent years there has been a move to integrate able-bodied and disability sports underministries. In recent years there has been a move to integrate able-bodied and disability sports undera single ministry, which should allow for more unified approaches to the promotion anda single ministry, which should allow for more unified approaches to the promotion anddevelopment of sports for all individuals.

development of sports for all individuals.

As a direct consequence of these and other structural developments, one of the most significant

As a direct consequence of these and other structural developments, one of the most significant

changes from the earlier Paralympics was the extent to which Tokyo integrated the Paralympics intochanges from the earlier Paralympics was the extent to which Tokyo integrated the Paralympics into

its formal bid for the Games. The 2020 bid materials included a distinct section outlining plans for

its formal bid for the Games. The 2020 bid materials included a distinct section outlining plans for

the Paralympics, which emphasized in particular how the city aims to become more accessible for

the Paralympics, which emphasized in particular how the city aims to become more accessible for

the Games.vii It is worth noting that even though the professed desire for greater accessibility in the

the Games.vii It is worth noting that even though the professed desire for greater accessibility in theTokyo intersects with current Japanese concerns about its rapidly aging population, it remains to be

Tokyo intersects with current Japanese concerns about its rapidly aging population, it remains to be

seen whether the funds are going to be available to achieve these goals, especially given recent

seen whether the funds are going to be available to achieve these goals, especially given recent

controversies over stadium costs. That said, the explicit and intentional focus on changing the larger

controversies over stadium costs. That said, the explicit and intentional focus on changing the larger

built environment is something new in connection with the 2020 games.

built environment is something new in connection with the 2020 games.

There are also indications that Japan’s embrace of the Paralympics has exceeded those mandated by

There are also indications that Japan’s embrace of the Paralympics has exceeded those mandated by

the IOC and IPC, as perhaps best exemplified by the fact that the first speaker at the 2013 final

the IOC and IPC, as perhaps best exemplified by the fact that the first speaker at the 2013 final

Olympic host city bid presentation in Buenos Aires, Argentina was 31 year-old Paralympian SatǀOlympic host city bid presentation in Buenos Aires, Argentina was 31 year-old Paralympian SatǀMami. Satǀ’s presentation focused on how sports helped her overcome the loss of her leg to cancer

Mami. Satǀ’s presentation focused on how sports helped her overcome the loss of her leg to cancer

and how sports later served as an inspiration when her hometown was struck by the 2011and how sports later served as an inspiration when her hometown was struck by the 2011

tsunami.viii Satǀ’s central role in the bid process differs dramatically from the earlier experiences oftsunami.viii Satǀ’s central role in the bid process differs dramatically from the earlier experiences ofathletes in 1964 and even 1998. In the earlier Tokyo Games very few athletes were involved in theathletes in 1964 and even 1998. In the earlier Tokyo Games very few athletes were involved in theformal organization or planning process, and even in Nagano, the Japanese Olympic Committee

formal organization or planning process, and even in Nagano, the Japanese Olympic Committee

initially resisted requests to allow Japanese Paralympians to wear the same uniforms as the Olympic

initially resisted requests to allow Japanese Paralympians to wear the same uniforms as the Olympic

team, only relenting under pressure from the Prime Minister and the Ministry of Education.ix

team, only relenting under pressure from the Prime Minister and the Ministry of Education.ix

At the same time, Satǀ’s role and the national embrace of the Paralympics raises interesting

At the same time, Satǀ’s role and the national embrace of the Paralympics raises interestingquestions. It is not difficult, for example, to read Satǀ’s account of overcoming through sports as aquestions. It is not difficult, for example, to read Satǀ’s account of overcoming through sports as anational allegory of sorts: using sports to overcome adversity was at the heart of the larger message

national allegory of sorts: using sports to overcome adversity was at the heart of the larger message

that Tokyo was trying to convey with its post-3.11 bid for the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics. Butthat Tokyo was trying to convey with its post-3.11 bid for the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics. But

is the goal of the Paralympics really about national prestige or national recovery? The increasingis the goal of the Paralympics really about national prestige or national recovery? The increasing

attention to things like medal counts at the Paralympics suggests that the professionalization andattention to things like medal counts at the Paralympics suggests that the professionalization and“normalization” of these Games is resulting in no small part from links to nationalism, but at what

“normalization” of these Games is resulting in no small part from links to nationalism, but at whatcost? Does funneling support and funding to build elite sport for the sake of national prestige or

cost? Does funneling support and funding to build elite sport for the sake of national prestige or50

50

recovery really have an impact on the lives of those with disabilities beyond some abstract sense ofrecovery really have an impact on the lives of those with disabilities beyond some abstract sense of

inspiration? I do not have answers to such questions, but they are necessary to ask as Japan looks toinspiration? I do not have answers to such questions, but they are necessary to ask as Japan looks to2020 and beyond, and as I continue my own research on Japan’s engagement with the Paralympic

2020 and beyond, and as I continue my own research on Japan’s engagement with the Paralympic

Movement.

Movement.

To this point, I have spoken largely about organizational issues in relation to the Games, so let me

To this point, I have spoken largely about organizational issues in relation to the Games, so let me

end today by offering brief thoughts on four trends in Japanese media coverage of the Paralympics

end today by offering brief thoughts on four trends in Japanese media coverage of the Paralympics

from the 1960s to the present. First, coverage of the Paralympic Games held in Japan has beenfrom the 1960s to the present. First, coverage of the Paralympic Games held in Japan has beensurprisingly extensive. Even for the earlier 1964 Games, the major urban dailies, sports newspapers,

surprisingly extensive. Even for the earlier 1964 Games, the major urban dailies, sports newspapers,a mix of regional papers, and the NHK public television network, all included some degree ofa mix of regional papers, and the NHK public television network, all included some degree ofcoverage for the event, with some offering detailed commentary and multiple photographs. The

coverage for the event, with some offering detailed commentary and multiple photographs. The

Nagano Games generated even more publicity, and if the preliminary reporting we are currently

Nagano Games generated even more publicity, and if the preliminary reporting we are currently

seeing is any indication, Tokyo 2020 will be the best-documented Paralympics to date. What theseseeing is any indication, Tokyo 2020 will be the best-documented Paralympics to date. What thesegeneral coverage trends suggest is that the amount of media attention these events attract isgeneral coverage trends suggest is that the amount of media attention these events attract isimportant, but it is not the only issue. We must also give attention to how the event and its

important, but it is not the only issue. We must also give attention to how the event and its

participants are being depicted and whether such coverage has been fleeting or sustained.

participants are being depicted and whether such coverage has been fleeting or sustained.

Thinking about the nature of coverage brings me to a second broad trend. Many of the national

Thinking about the nature of coverage brings me to a second broad trend. Many of the national

media outlets in Japan have tended to focus on more spectacular elements, such as opening

media outlets in Japan have tended to focus on more spectacular elements, such as opening

ceremonies and winners, supplemented by shorter feature stories on key athletes and key figures

ceremonies and winners, supplemented by shorter feature stories on key athletes and key figuresassociated with the Paralympic Movement. In 1998, feature stories on athletes—both Japanese andassociated with the Paralympic Movement. In 1998, feature stories on athletes—both Japanese andforeign—became more numerous, and we are already seeing athletes talking about 2020, a trend

foreign—became more numerous, and we are already seeing athletes talking about 2020, a trend

likely linked to increased chances for Japanese victories, since several of Japan’s athletes are now

likely linked to increased chances for Japanese victories, since several of Japan’s athletes are now

among the world’s best in their particular sports. However, the most detailed and nuanced stories

among the world’s best in their particular sports. However, the most detailed and nuanced stories

about Paralympic athletes are found not in national media coverage, but in local media outlets. While

about Paralympic athletes are found not in national media coverage, but in local media outlets. While

this almost certainly reflects local marketing needs and practices of talking about hometown “stars,”

this almost certainly reflects local marketing needs and practices of talking about hometown “stars,”in the end, such coverage is inherently limited in its reach.

in the end, such coverage is inherently limited in its reach.

In both the national and local coverage another trend is the persistence of the rehabilitation focus

In both the national and local coverage another trend is the persistence of the rehabilitation focus

from the earlier years of the Games. Even as the Paralympics have become increasingly elite at allfrom the earlier years of the Games. Even as the Paralympics have become increasingly elite at alllevels and in all regions, many media outlets continue to rely on patterns that link—often

levels and in all regions, many media outlets continue to rely on patterns that link—often

explicitly—sports to some sort of recovery. To be sure, such coverage is often influenced by the

explicitly—sports to some sort of recovery. To be sure, such coverage is often influenced by thestories, like that of Satǀ Mami, that athletes tell about themselves, a fact that raises importantstories, like that of Satǀ Mami, that athletes tell about themselves, a fact that raises importantquestions about the role of inspirational discourses that are often tied to disability sport in Japan andquestions about the role of inspirational discourses that are often tied to disability sport in Japan andbeyond. Are the “inspirational” qualities so often cited as a motive for promoting the Paralympics

beyond. Are the “inspirational” qualities so often cited as a motive for promoting the Paralympics

different from those associated with able-bodied sports? Do these inspirational discourses have a real,different from those associated with able-bodied sports? Do these inspirational discourses have a real,sustained impact, or do they simply make us feel good without really having to act?

sustained impact, or do they simply make us feel good without really having to act?

One final trend merits attention because it will likely play a pivotal role in 2020 and beyond: theOne final trend merits attention because it will likely play a pivotal role in 2020 and beyond: thereliance on new media outlets. Because of frustrations with mainstream media that offers limited

reliance on new media outlets. Because of frustrations with mainstream media that offers limited

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coverage of even international events, several athletes and organizations, including the International

coverage of even international events, several athletes and organizations, including the International

Paralympic Committee have been turning to blogs, websites, and live streaming to get their message

Paralympic Committee have been turning to blogs, websites, and live streaming to get their message

out. x On one hand, this is a huge development that frees athletes from relying on largely

out. x On one hand, this is a huge development that frees athletes from relying on largely

uncooperative mass media networks and gives them a degree of agency over what they say and how

uncooperative mass media networks and gives them a degree of agency over what they say and how

they say it. On the other hand, opting for this approach takes the pressure off mainstream media

they say it. On the other hand, opting for this approach takes the pressure off mainstream media

networks and might even risk further marginalization. Without the larger media presence to generate

networks and might even risk further marginalization. Without the larger media presence to generatebroader initial awareness, only people who already know about disability sports will be actively

broader initial awareness, only people who already know about disability sports will be actively

seeking information, a conundrum that brings me back to a point I started with. The Paralympics

seeking information, a conundrum that brings me back to a point I started with. The Paralympics

have made great strides in Japan and elsewhere, but we need to be careful not to assume some sort ofhave made great strides in Japan and elsewhere, but we need to be careful not to assume some sort of

teleological progress will result from simply holding an international sporting event, like theteleological progress will result from simply holding an international sporting event, like theParalympics. If we want them to have more than a superficial impact, we need careful and critical

Paralympics. If we want them to have more than a superficial impact, we need careful and criticalexaminations of these Games, how they are organized, held, and represented.

examinations of these Games, how they are organized, held, and represented.

i

For one example, see the catalogue for a 50th anniversary exhibit at the Edo-Tokyo Museum:i

Yukiyoshi Shǀichi

Yukiyoshi Shǀichi

and Yoneyama Junichi, eds, Tǀkyǀ Orinpikku to shinkansen (Tokyo: Seigensha, 2014).

and Yoneyama Junichi, eds, Tǀkyǀ Orinpikku to shinkansen (Tokyo: Seigensha, 2014).

ii

ii

Dennis J. Frost, “Tokyo’s Other Games: The Origins and Impact of the 1964 Paralympics,” TheInternational

For one example, see the catalogue for a 50th anniversary exhibit at the Edo-Tokyo Museum:

Dennis J. Frost, “Tokyo’s Other Games: The Origins and Impact of the 1964 Paralympics,” TheInternational

Journal of the History of Sport 29.4 (March 2012): pp. 619-637.

Journal of the History of Sport 29.4 (March 2012): pp. 619-637.

iii

iii

Dennis J. Frost, “Sporting Disability: Official Representations of the Disabled Athlete at Tokyo’s

Dennis J. Frost, “Sporting Disability: Official Representations of the Disabled Athlete at Tokyo’s

1964

1964

Paralympics,” Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport and Social Science 2.3 (December 2013): pp. 173-186.

Paralympics,” Asia-Pacific Journal of Sport and Social Science 2.3 (December 2013): pp. 173-186.

iv

iv

Nakamura Tarǀ, Pararinpikku e no shǀtai: Chǀsen suru asurƯtotachi (Tokyo: Iwanami shoten,2002): pp. 168-170; see also, Watari Tadashi, Shǀgaisha supǀtsu no rinkaiten (Tokyo: Shinhyǀron,Nakamura Tarǀ, Pararinpikku e no shǀtai: Chǀsen suru asurƯtotachi (Tokyo: Iwanami shoten,2002): pp. 168-170; see also, Watari Tadashi, Shǀgaisha supǀtsu no rinkaiten (Tokyo: Shinhyǀron,2012): pp. 108, 129-132.

2012): pp. 108, 129-132.

vv

See, for example, several athletes’ comments in Nihon Shintai Shǀgaisha Supǀtsu Kyǀkai, ed, 1998

See, for example, several athletes’ comments in Nihon Shintai Shǀgaisha Supǀtsu Kyǀkai, ed, 1998

NaganoNaganoPararinpikku Nihon senshu meikan (Tokyo: Chǌǀ Hǀki Shuppan, 1998). For similar statements from

Pararinpikku Nihon senshu meikan (Tokyo: Chǌǀ Hǀki Shuppan, 1998). For similar statements froma foreign athlete, see “Nagano Pararinpikku: Watashi no shokugyǀ wa ‘kyǀgisha’! CheasukƯ no joǀa foreign athlete, see “Nagano Pararinpikku: Watashi no shokugyǀ wa ‘kyǀgisha’! CheasukƯ no joǀSara senshu,” Yomiuri Shinbun, 11 March 1998, p. 2sha.

Sara senshu,” Yomiuri Shinbun, 11 March 1998, p. 2sha.

vi

vi

See for example this local report on village officials using wheelchairs to experience the lack of

See for example this local report on village officials using wheelchairs to experience the lack ofaccessibility:

accessibility:“Gorin Pararinpikku mukaeru machidzukuri Hakuba songi shǀgaisha no tachiba de genjǀ kakunin,”“Gorin Pararinpikku mukaeru machidzukuri Hakuba songi shǀgaisha no tachiba de genjǀ kakunin,”

Shinano Mainichi Shinbun, 14 October 1995.

Shinano Mainichi Shinbun, 14 October 1995.

vii

vii

Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Bid Committee, Candidature File: Tokyo 2020: DiscoverTokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Bid Committee, Candidature File: Tokyo 2020: Discover

Tomorrow. Publication. 3 Vols. (Tokyo: Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Bid Committee, 2013).

Tomorrow. Publication. 3 Vols. (Tokyo: Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Bid Committee, 2013).

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viii

Satǀ’s speech has received repeated attention in both Japanese and English. Tokyo’s winning bid

viii

Satǀ’s speech has received repeated attention in both Japanese and English. Tokyo’s winning bid

and Satǀ’s role inand Satǀ’s role inparticular were featured on the IPC website as a highlight of the year. See “No. 9: Tokyo lands 2020

particular were featured on the IPC website as a highlight of the year. See “No. 9: Tokyo lands 2020

Paralympic Games,” Official Website of the Paralympic Movement,

Paralympic Games,” Official Website of the Paralympic Movement,

http://www.paralympic.org/feature/no-9-tokyo-lands-2020-paralympic-games, 23 December 2013.

http://www.paralympic.org/feature/no-9-tokyo-lands-2020-paralympic-games, 23 December 2013.

ix

ix

The uniform controversy was well documented in the press. For an example on the resolution, see

The uniform controversy was well documented in the press. For an example on the resolution, see“Nagano“NaganoPararinpikku no yunihǀmu JOC ga ‘gorin to onaji’ kettei,” Yomiuri Shinbun, 13 August 1997, p. 2sha.

Pararinpikku no yunihǀmu JOC ga ‘gorin to onaji’ kettei,” Yomiuri Shinbun, 13 August 1997, p. 2sha.

xx

For one example from Japan, see Stand, NPO, “AsurƯto burogu,” Chǀsenshatachi,

http://www.challengers.tv/athlete/, 2015.

For one example from Japan, see Stand, NPO, “AsurƯto burogu,” Chǀsenshatachi,

http://www.challengers.tv/athlete/, 2015.

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



「開会式における多文化共生へのメッセージ」「開会式における多文化共生へのメッセージ」

飯笹 佐代子

飯笹 佐代子

青山学院大学社会連携機構国際交流共同研究センター客員研究員

青山学院大学社会連携機構国際交流共同研究センター客員研究員

東北文化学園大学教授

東北文化学園大学教授ࡇࡢሗ࿌࡛ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➇ᢏ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㐣ཤࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤఍ᘧࡢⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ࡞ࡇࡢሗ࿌࡛ࡣࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➇ᢏ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㐣ཤࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤఍ᘧࡢⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡑࡇ࡛ᢨ㟢ࡉࢀࡿ≀ㄒࡸ₇ฟ࡟㎸ࡵࡽࢀࡓព࿡ࢆࠊከᩥ໬ࡢඹ⏕࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽㄞࡳゎࡃࡇࡀࡽࠊࡑࡇ࡛ᢨ㟢ࡉࢀࡿ≀ㄒࡸ₇ฟ࡟㎸ࡵࡽࢀࡓព࿡ࢆࠊከᩥ໬ࡢඹ⏕࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽㄞࡳゎࡃࡇ࡜ࢆヨࡳࡓ࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛⚾ࡣࠊ࣐ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒㸦ከᩥ໬୺⩏㸧ࡸከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡟㛵ᚰࢆᣢࡕࠊ

࡜ࢆヨࡳࡓ࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛⚾ࡣࠊ࣐ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒㸦ከᩥ໬୺⩏㸧ࡸከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡟㛵ᚰࢆᣢࡕࠊ

≉࡟࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡸ࢝ࢼࢲࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡍࡿከᩥ໬♫఍ࡢᨻ἞ⓗືྥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡑ

≉࡟࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡸ࢝ࢼࢲࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡍࡿከᩥ໬♫఍ࡢᨻ἞ⓗືྥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡑ

࠺ࡋࡓ࡞࠿࡛ࠊ㏆ᖺࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ከᩥ໬ࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡟࠾ࡅࡿከᩥ໬ᛶ࡟ࡶ⯆࿡࠺ࡋࡓ࡞࠿࡛ࠊ㏆ᖺࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ከᩥ໬ࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡟࠾ࡅࡿከᩥ໬ᛶ࡟ࡶ⯆࿡ࢆច࠿ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ◊✲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࡲࡗࡓࡃࡢ⣲ே࡛࠶ࡾࠊᮏሗ

ࢆច࠿ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ◊✲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࡲࡗࡓࡃࡢ⣲ே࡛࠶ࡾࠊᮏሗ

࿌ࡣ␗ศ㔝࠿ࡽࡢࡉࡉࡸ࠿࡞ၥ㢟ᥦ㉳࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ཷࡅṆࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤᖾ࠸࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࿌ࡣ␗ศ㔝࠿ࡽࡢࡉࡉࡸ࠿࡞ၥ㢟ᥦ㉳࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ཷࡅṆࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤᖾ࠸࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

┒኱໬ࡍࡿ㛤఍ᘧࡢࠕⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖ

┒኱໬ࡍࡿ㛤఍ᘧࡢࠕⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖ ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆࢫ࣌ࢡࢱࢡࣝ⌮ㄽ࠿ࡽ◊✲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢪ࣭ࣙࣥ-㸬࣐࣮࢝ࣝࣥ㸦-RKQ-0DFDORRQ㸧 ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆࢫ࣌ࢡࢱࢡࣝ⌮ㄽ࠿ࡽ◊✲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢪ࣭ࣙࣥ-㸬࣐࣮࢝ࣝࣥ㸦-RKQ-0DFDORRQ㸧࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ㏆௦࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࡣࠊ
ࠕࢫ࣌ࢡࢱࢡࣝ
㸦VSHFWDFOH㸧ࠖࠊࠕ⚃⚍㸦IHVWLYDO㸧ࠖࠊࠕ൤♩㸦ULWXDO㸧ࠖࠊ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ㏆௦࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࡣࠊ
ࠕࢫ࣌ࢡࢱࢡࣝ
㸦VSHFWDFOH㸧ࠖࠊࠕ⚃⚍㸦IHVWLYDO㸧ࠖࠕ൤♩ࠊ㸦ULWXDO㸧ࠖࠊࠕࢤ࣮࣒㸦JDPH㸧ࠖࡀΰྜࡉࢀࡓ⊂⮬ࡢࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ㛤఍ᘧࡸ㛢఍ᘧ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ࢖

ࠕࢤ࣮࣒㸦JDPH㸧ࠖࡀΰྜࡉࢀࡓ⊂⮬ࡢࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ㛤఍ᘧࡸ㛢఍ᘧ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ࢖

࣋ࣥࢺ࡟ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ࠺ࡕࠕࢤ࣮࣒ࠖࢆ㝖ࡃ㸱ࡘࡢせ⣲ࡍ࡭࡚ࡀ㢧ⴭ࡟⾲㇟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ

࣋ࣥࢺ࡟ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ࠺ࡕࠕࢤ࣮࣒ࠖࢆ㝖ࡃ㸱ࡘࡢせ⣲ࡍ࡭࡚ࡀ㢧ⴭ࡟⾲㇟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ

ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡑࡢࡶࡢࡣࡑࢀ࡯࡝ὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚ࡇ࡞

ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡑࡢࡶࡢࡣࡑࢀ࡯࡝ὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚ࡇ࡞࠿ࡗࡓほࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࠿ࡗࡓほࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

 ㏆ᖺࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㝿❧ࡗࡓ≉ᚩࡣࠊ㑅ᡭᅋࡢධሙ⾜㐍ࡸ⪷ⅆࡢⅬⅉ࡞࡝ࡢᐃࡵࡽࢀࡓ൤ᘧࡢ

 ㏆ᖺࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㝿❧ࡗࡓ≉ᚩࡣࠊ㑅ᡭᅋࡢධሙ⾜㐍ࡸ⪷ⅆࡢⅬⅉ࡞࡝ࡢᐃࡵࡽࢀࡓ൤ᘧࡢ

࡯࠿࡟ࠊ୍኱࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࣭ࢩ࣮ࣙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࠕⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖࡀ┒኱࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡯࠿࡟ࠊ୍኱࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࣭ࢩ࣮ࣙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࠕⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖࡀ┒኱࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

㛤఍ᘧ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ඛ㥑ⓗ࡟◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚ࡇࡽࢀࡓ⯖ᮏ┤ᩥẶ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࡢഴྥࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀၟᴗ

㛤఍ᘧ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ඛ㥑ⓗ࡟◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚ࡇࡽࢀࡓ⯖ᮏ┤ᩥẶ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࡢഴྥࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀၟᴗ

໬ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ  ᖺࡢࣟࢧࣥࢪ࢙ࣝࢫ࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࠿ࡽぢࡽࢀࠊࡑࢀࡣ୍኱ࢩ࣮ࣙࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿࡇ࡜໬ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ  ᖺࡢࣟࢧࣥࢪ࢙ࣝࢫ࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࠿ࡽぢࡽࢀࠊࡑࢀࡣ୍኱ࢩ࣮ࣙࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࢸࣞࣅど⫈⪅ࡢ㛵ᚰࢆ㞟ࡵࠊࢸࣞࣅᒁࡀࢫ࣏ࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᡓ␎࡟ࡼࡿ㒊ศࡀ኱ࡁ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࢸࣞࣅど⫈⪅ࡢ㛵ᚰࢆ㞟ࡵࠊࢸࣞࣅᒁࡀࢫ࣏ࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᡓ␎࡟ࡼࡿ㒊ศࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࠋ

࠸࡜࠸࠺ࠋ 㛤఍ᘧࡢࠕⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖࡣࠊᴫࡋ࡚ୡ⏺ⓗ࡟ྡࡔࡓࡿࣉࣟࢹ࣮ࣗࢧ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ㛗᫬㛫ࡢኊ኱࡞ 㛤఍ᘧࡢࠕⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖࡣࠊᴫࡋ࡚ୡ⏺ⓗ࡟ྡࡔࡓࡿࣉࣟࢹ࣮ࣗࢧ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ㛗᫬㛫ࡢኊ኱࡞ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫ࡜ࡋ࡚₇ࡌࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔◊✲⪅ࡢ᳃㔝⪽ᏊẶࡣࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࣉ

ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫ࡜ࡋ࡚₇ࡌࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔◊✲⪅ࡢ᳃㔝⪽ᏊẶࡣࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࣉ

ࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆࠕ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࠕࢿ࢖ࢩࣙࣥࠖࢆ㉸࠼ࡓࠕ኱ࡁ࡞≀ㄒࠖ࡜ࠊࠕࢿ࢖ࢩࣙࣥࠖࡢព㆑

ࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆࠕ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࠕࢿ࢖ࢩࣙࣥࠖࢆ㉸࠼ࡓࠕ኱ࡁ࡞≀ㄒࠖ࡜ࠊࠕࢿ࢖ࢩࣙࣥࠖࡢព㆑


ࢪ࣭ࣙࣥ-㸬࣐࣮࢝ࣝࣥࠕ㏆௦♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࢫ࣌ࢡࢱࢡࣝ⌮ㄽ࣐࣮ࠖ࢝ࣝࣥ⦅ࠗୡ
⏺ࢆᫎࡍ㙾̾ࢩࣦࣕࣜ࢓࣭࣮ࣜ࢝ࢽࣦ࢓࣭ࣝ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࠘
㸦ගᘏ᫂ὒ࡯࠿ヂ㸧ᖹซ♫ࠊ ᖺ⯖ᮏ┤ᩥࠕࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤఍ᘧࡢⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ࡳࡿᩥ໬ⓗព࿡ࠖࠗ᪥ᮏయ⫱Ꮫ఍኱
఍ྕ࠘1R ᖺ
ࢪ࣭ࣙࣥ-㸬࣐࣮࢝ࣝࣥࠕ㏆௦♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࢫ࣌ࢡࢱࢡࣝ⌮ㄽ࣐࣮ࠖ࢝ࣝࣥ⦅ࠗୡ
⏺ࢆᫎࡍ㙾̾ࢩࣦࣕࣜ࢓࣭࣮ࣜ࢝ࢽࣦ࢓࣭ࣝ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࠘
㸦ගᘏ᫂ὒ࡯࠿ヂ㸧ᖹซ♫ࠊ ᖺ⯖ᮏ┤ᩥࠕࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤఍ᘧࡢⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ࡳࡿᩥ໬ⓗព࿡ࠖࠗ᪥ᮏయ⫱Ꮫ఍኱
఍ྕ࠘1R ᖺ5454㧗ᥭ࡜࠸࠺ࢱࣈ࣭࣓ࣝࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࡢሙࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ゝ࠼ࡤࠊ㛤ദᆅࡢᩥ໬ⓗࠊṔྐⓗ㧗ᥭ࡜࠸࠺ࢱࣈ࣭࣓ࣝࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࡢሙࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ゝ࠼ࡤࠊ㛤ദᆅࡢᩥ໬ⓗࠊṔྐⓗ⊂⮬ᛶࢆㄞࡳ┤ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆ෌ᵓ⠏ࡋࠊࡑࢀࢆୡ⏺࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊྠ᫬࡟

⊂⮬ᛶࢆㄞࡳ┤ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆ෌ᵓ⠏ࡋࠊࡑࢀࢆୡ⏺࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊྠ᫬࡟

ᅜẸ࡟ྥࡅ࡚㧗ࡽ࠿࡟ᐉゝࡍࡿ᱁ዲࡢᶵ఍ࠊ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ෭ᡓ

ᅜẸ࡟ྥࡅ࡚㧗ࡽ࠿࡟ᐉゝࡍࡿ᱁ዲࡢᶵ఍ࠊ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ෭ᡓ

⤊⤖௨㝆ࠊᅜෆእ࡟࠾࠸࡚ከᵝ࡞Ẹ᪘ࡸᩥ໬ࡢඹ⏕ࡀୡ⏺ᖹ࿴ࡢࡓࡵࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚㔜せᛶࢆቑࡍ࡞

⤊⤖௨㝆ࠊᅜෆእ࡟࠾࠸࡚ከᵝ࡞Ẹ᪘ࡸᩥ໬ࡢඹ⏕ࡀୡ⏺ᖹ࿴ࡢࡓࡵࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚㔜せᛶࢆቑࡍ࡞

࠿࡛ࠊ㛤ദᅜࡀ⮬ࡽࡢከᵝᛶࡢㄪ࿴ࠊ࡞࠸ࡋࡣ⼥࿴ࢆ࠸࠿࡟᥎㐍ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࢀࢆ࢔

࠿࡛ࠊ㛤ദᅜࡀ⮬ࡽࡢከᵝᛶࡢㄪ࿴ࠊ࡞࠸ࡋࡣ⼥࿴ࢆ࠸࠿࡟᥎㐍ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࢀࢆ࢔

ࣆ࣮ࣝࡍࡿሙ࡜ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ

ࣆ࣮ࣝࡍࡿሙ࡜ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ

ࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧ㸦 ᖺ㸧ࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧ㸦 ᖺ㸧ඛఫẸࡢᏑᅾឤ

ඛఫẸࡢᏑᅾឤ

 ከᵝᛶࡢㄪ࿴ࢆ࠸࠿࡟࢔ࣆ࣮ࣝࡍࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㛤ദ๓࠿ࡽὀ┠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢࡀࠊ

 ከᵝᛶࡢㄪ࿴ࢆ࠸࠿࡟࢔ࣆ࣮ࣝࡍࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㛤ദ๓࠿ࡽὀ┠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢࡀࠊ

ᖺࡢࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡀ  ᖺ௦௨㝆ࠊ࠿ࡘ࡚ࡢ

ᖺࡢࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡀ  ᖺ௦௨㝆ࠊ࠿ࡘ࡚ࡢⓑ㇦୺⩏࠿ࡽ୍㌿ࡋ࡚ከᩥ໬୺⩏㸦PXOWLFXOWXUDOLVP㸧ࢆᅜᐙࡢᨻ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚᥎㐍ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜࡟ຍⓑ㇦୺⩏࠿ࡽ୍㌿ࡋ࡚ከᩥ໬୺⩏㸦PXOWLFXOWXUDOLVP㸧ࢆᅜᐙࡢᨻ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚᥎㐍ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜࡟ຍ

࠼࡚ࠊࢩࢻࢽ࣮ࡀ  ᖺ࡟㛤ദᆅ࡜ࡋ࡚❧ೃ⿵ࡋࡓ᫬࠿ࡽࠕ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽࡽඛఫẸ࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿ஬㍯ࡢ㛤࠼࡚ࠊࢩࢻࢽ࣮ࡀ  ᖺ࡟㛤ദᆅ࡜ࡋ࡚❧ೃ⿵ࡋࡓ᫬࠿ࡽࠕ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽࡽඛఫẸ࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿ஬㍯ࡢ㛤ദࠖࢆ⣙᮰ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ  ദࠖࢆ⣙᮰ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ   ᐇ㝿࡟ࠊࣜࢵࢡ࣭ࣂ࣮ࢳ㸦5LF%LUFK㸧ࡀ₇ฟࢆᡭ᥃ࡅࡓ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤఍ᘧࡣࠊ඲యࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ ᐇ㝿࡟ࠊࣜࢵࢡ࣭ࣂ࣮ࢳ㸦5LF%LUFK㸧ࡀ₇ฟࢆᡭ᥃ࡅࡓ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤఍ᘧࡣࠊ඲యࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ

ࡲࡉࡋࡃඛఫẸࡢᏑᅾឤ࡟ᙬࡽࢀࡿᵓᡂ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ࠕⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖࡢෆᐜࡣࠊⓑேࡢᑡዪࡀࣅ࣮

ࡲࡉࡋࡃඛఫẸࡢᏑᅾឤ࡟ᙬࡽࢀࡿᵓᡂ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ࠕⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠖࡢෆᐜࡣࠊⓑேࡢᑡዪࡀࣅ࣮

ࢳ࡛࠺ࡓࡓᐷࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㛫࡟ࠊኴྂ࠿ࡽ⥆ࡃ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡢṔྐࢆክぢࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࢫࢺ࣮࣮࡛ࣜࠊ

ࢳ࡛࠺ࡓࡓᐷࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㛫࡟ࠊኴྂ࠿ࡽ⥆ࡃ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡢṔྐࢆክぢࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࢫࢺ࣮࣮࡛ࣜࠊ

㸵ࡘࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ࠿ࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸵ࡘࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ࠿ࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸯 ῝ᾏࡢክ㸦'HHS6HD'UHDP㸧㸯 ῝ᾏࡢክ㸦'HHS6HD'UHDP㸧㸰 ┠ぬࡵ㸦$ZDNHQLQJ㸧 㸰 ┠ぬࡵ㸦$ZDNHQLQJ㸧 㸱 ⅆ㸦)LUH㸧㸱 ⅆ㸦)LUH㸧㸲 ⮬↛㸦QDWXUH㸧  㸲 ⮬↛㸦QDWXUH㸧  㸳 ࣈࣜ࢟஺㡪᭤㸦7LQ6\PSKRQ\㸧 㸳 ࣈࣜ࢟஺㡪᭤㸦7LQ6\PSKRQ\㸧 㸴 ฿᮶㸦$UULYDOV㸧㸴 ฿᮶㸦$UULYDOV㸧㸵 Ọ㐲㸦(WHUQLW\㸧㸵 Ọ㐲㸦(WHUQLW\㸧 ࠕ┠ぬࡵࠖࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ࡛ࡣࠊᑡዪࡀ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽࡢ㛗⪁࡜ฟ఍࠸ࠊⓑே࡟ࡼࡿධ᳜๓ࡢඛఫẸࡢୡ ࠕ┠ぬࡵࠖࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ࡛ࡣࠊᑡዪࡀ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽࡢ㛗⪁࡜ฟ఍࠸ࠊⓑே࡟ࡼࡿධ᳜๓ࡢඛఫẸࡢୡ⏺࡟ㄏࢃࢀࡿࠋඛఫẸ࡜୍ཱྀ࡟ゝࡗ࡚ࡶ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔኱㝣࡟ࡣゝㄒࡶ⩦಑ࡶ␗࡞ࡿࡓࡃࡉࢇࡢ࢔

⏺࡟ㄏࢃࢀࡿࠋඛఫẸ࡜୍ཱྀ࡟ゝࡗ࡚ࡶ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔኱㝣࡟ࡣゝㄒࡶ⩦಑ࡶ␗࡞ࡿࡓࡃࡉࢇࡢ࢔

࣎ࣜࢪࢽࡢ㒊᪘ࡀ࠾ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔໭ᓊ࡜ࣃࣉ࢔࣭ࢽ࣮ࣗࢠࢽ࢔࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢᓥࠎ࡟ࡣࠊࢺ

࣎ࣜࢪࢽࡢ㒊᪘ࡀ࠾ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔໭ᓊ࡜ࣃࣉ࢔࣭ࢽ࣮ࣗࢠࢽ࢔࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢᓥࠎ࡟ࡣࠊࢺ

ࣞࢫᾏᓙㅖᓥẸ㸦7RUUHV6WUDLW,VODQGHUV㸧࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿேࠎࡶ࠸ࡿࠋ఍ሙ࡟ࡣ඲ᅜ࠿ࡽ⣙  ྡࣞࢫᾏᓙㅖᓥẸ㸦7RUUHV6WUDLW,VODQGHUV㸧࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿேࠎࡶ࠸ࡿࠋ఍ሙ࡟ࡣ඲ᅜ࠿ࡽ⣙  ྡࡶࡢඛఫẸࡀ୍ᇽ࡟఍ࡋࠊ᐀ᩍ൤♩ࡸࢲࣥࢫ࡞࡝ࡢከᵝ࡞ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡀᢨ㟢ࡉࢀࡓࠋ

ࡶࡢඛఫẸࡀ୍ᇽ࡟఍ࡋࠊ᐀ᩍ൤♩ࡸࢲࣥࢫ࡞࡝ࡢከᵝ࡞ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡀᢨ㟢ࡉࢀࡓࠋ


᳃㔝⪽Ꮚࠕࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤఍ᘧ࡟ぢࡿࠕࣈࣜࢸ࢕ࢵࢩࣗࢿࢫ࣐ࠖࠥࣝࢸ࢕࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛ
ࣜࢬ࣒࠿ࡽࠕከᵝ࡞ࡿປാ⪅ࡢ⤖᮰ࠖ࡬ࠖࠗ㟼ᒸ኱Ꮫ᝟ሗᏛ◊✲࠘ ᕳࠊ ᖺ
᳃㔝⪽Ꮚࠕࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤఍ᘧ࡟ぢࡿࠕࣈࣜࢸ࢕ࢵࢩࣗࢿࢫ࣐ࠖࠥࣝࢸ࢕࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛ
ࣜࢬ࣒࠿ࡽࠕከᵝ࡞ࡿປാ⪅ࡢ⤖᮰ࠖ࡬ࠖࠗ㟼ᒸ኱Ꮫ᝟ሗᏛ◊✲࠘ ᕳࠊ ᖺ5555

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᭤ࠖࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ
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ࢠࣜࢫே࢟ࣕࣉ
ࣉࢸ࣭ࣥࢡࢵࢡ࡟ࡼࡿ࣮࢜
࣮ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔኱኱㝣Ⓨ ࠕࣈࣈࣜ࢟஺㡪᭤
᭤ࠖࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ
ࢪ࡛ࡣࠊ࢖ࢠ
ࢠࣜࢫே࢟ࣕࣉ
ࣉࢸ࣭ࣥࢡࢵࢡ࡟ࡼࡿ࣮࢜
࣮ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔኱
኱㝣Ⓨ
 ࠕࣈ

ぢ௨㝆
㝆ࡢⓑேࡢṔ
Ṕྐࡀ࣮ࣘࣔ࢔
࢔ࢆ஺࠼࡚ᥥ
ᥥ࠿ࢀࡿࠋ࣮ࣚ
࣮ࣟࢵࣃ࠿ࡽࡢ
ࡢධ᳜ࡣඛఫ
ఫẸ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࡣཷ㞴ぢ௨㝆㝆ࡢⓑேࡢṔ
Ṕྐࡀ࣮ࣘࣔ࢔
࢔ࢆ஺࠼࡚ᥥ
ᥥ࠿ࢀࡿࠋ࣮ࣚ
࣮ࣟࢵࣃ࠿ࡽࡢ
ࡢධ᳜ࡣඛఫ
ఫẸ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣ
ࡣཷ㞴ࡢጞࡲࡲࡾࢆព࿡ࡍ
ࡍࡿࡀࠊᕹ⯪࡟࡟ぢ❧࡚ࡓ⮬㌿㌴࡟஌ࡗ࡚࡚ࡢ࢟ࣕࣉࢸ࣭ࣥࢡࢵࢡࡢ
ࡢⓏሙࡣࠊᩒ࠼
࠼࡚㢼ࡢጞࡲࡲࡾࢆព࿡ࡍ
ࡍࡿࡀࠊᕹ⯪࡟࡟ぢ❧࡚ࡓ⮬㌿㌴࡟஌ࡗ࡚࡚ࡢ࢟ࣕࣉࢸ࣭ࣥࢡࢵࢡࡢ
ࡢⓏሙࡣࠊᩒ࠼࠼࡚㢼่ⓗ࡟
࡟₇ฟࡉࢀ࡚
࡚࠸ࡿ༳㇟࡛࠶࠶ࡗࡓࠋ่ⓗ࡟࡟₇ฟࡉࢀ࡚
࡚࠸ࡿ༳㇟࡛࠶࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ࣮࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔
࢔ࡀࠊୡ⏺୰࠿
࠿ࡽከࡃࡢ⛣ẸẸࡸ㞴Ẹࢆཷ
ཷࡅධࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ
ࡓṔྐࡶᥥ࠿
࠿ࢀࡿࠋࠕ฿᮶ࠖࡢࢫ ࣮࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔
࢔ࡀࠊୡ⏺୰࠿
࠿ࡽከࡃࡢ⛣ẸẸࡸ㞴Ẹࢆཷ
ཷࡅධࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ
ࡓṔྐࡶᥥ࠿
࠿ࢀࡿࠋࠕ฿᮶ࠖࡢࢫ

ࢸ࣮ࢪࢪ࡛ࡣࠊ஬኱
኱㝣࠿ࡽࡢ⛣ẸẸ࣭㞴Ẹࡢ฿
฿᮶ࡀࠊ࢔ࣇࣜ
ࣜ࢝ࠊ࢔ࢪ࢔ࠊ
ࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃࠊ
ࠊ࢜ࢭࢸ࣮ࢪࢪ࡛ࡣࠊ஬኱
኱㝣࠿ࡽࡢ⛣ẸẸ࣭㞴Ẹࡢ฿
฿᮶ࡀࠊ࢔ࣇࣜ
ࣜ࢝ࠊ࢔ࢪ࢔ࠊ
ࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃࠊ
ࠊ࢜ࢭ࢔ࢽ࢔࢔ࡢ㡰࡟ࠊࡑ
ࡑࢀࡒࢀ࢜ࣜࣥ
ࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ஬
஬㍯ࡢⰍࢆࡲ࡜
࡜ࡗࡓேࠎࡢⓏⓏሙ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚
࡚♧ࡉࢀࠊ࠿ࢀ
ࢀࡽࡀ࢔ࢽ࢔࢔ࡢ㡰࡟ࠊࡑ
ࡑࢀࡒࢀ࢜ࣜࣥ
ࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ஬
஬㍯ࡢⰍࢆࡲ࡜
࡜ࡗࡓேࠎࡢⓏⓏሙ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚
࡚♧ࡉࢀࠊ࠿ࢀ
ࢀࡽࡀඛఫẸẸ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㞟
㞟࠸ࠊከᩥ໬ࡢ
ࡢ⼥ྜࢆ࢔ࣆ
ࣆ࣮ࣝࡋࡓࠋ

ඛఫẸẸ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㞟
㞟࠸ࠊከᩥ໬ࡢ
ࡢ⼥ྜࢆ࢔ࣆ
ࣆ࣮ࣝࡋࡓࠋ ࠾ࡑࡑࡽࡃ࣓ࢵࢭ
ࢭ࣮ࢪᛶ࡜࠸࠺
࠺Ⅼ࡛᭱ࡶὀ
ὀ┠࡟್ࡍࡿࡢ
ࡢࡣࠊࠕỌ㐲ࠖࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢪᚋ
ᚋ༙࡛ࠊⓑேࡢࡢᑡዪ ࠾ࡑࡑࡽࡃ࣓ࢵࢭ
ࢭ࣮ࢪᛶ࡜࠸࠺
࠺Ⅼ࡛᭱ࡶὀ
ὀ┠࡟್ࡍࡿࡢ
ࡢࡣࠊࠕỌ㐲ࠖࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢪᚋ
ᚋ༙࡛ࠊⓑேࡢ
ࡢᑡዪ࡜࢔࣎࣎ࣜࢪࢽࡢ㛗㛗⪁ࡀࠊẸ᪘ࡢࡢ࿴ゎࢆ㇟ᚩࡍ
ࡍࡿᶫࡢୖ࡛௰
௰Ⰻࡃ୪ࡧ❧❧ࡗࡓࢩ࣮࡛ࣥ
࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࡑࢀ
ࢀࡣࠊ

࡜࢔࣎
࣎ࣜࢪࢽࡢ㛗㛗⪁ࡀࠊẸ᪘ࡢࡢ࿴ゎࢆ㇟ᚩࡍ
ࡍࡿᶫࡢୖ࡛௰
௰Ⰻࡃ୪ࡧ❧❧ࡗࡓࢩ࣮࡛ࣥ
࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࡑࢀ
ࢀࡣࠊ

ඛఫẸ
Ẹ࡜ⓑே࡜ࡢ
ࡢ༠ㄪⓗ࡞㛵ಀಀࡢ᫂♧ⓗ࡞₇ฟ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ
ࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋඛఫẸẸ࡜ⓑே࡜ࡢ
ࡢ༠ㄪⓗ࡞㛵ಀಀࡢ᫂♧ⓗ࡞₇ฟ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ
ࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ

 

 

  

  

ఫẸࡢᏑᅾឤ
ឤࡣࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡢ
ࡢࢡࣛ࢖࣐ࢵࢡࢫ࡛࠶ࡿ⪷⪷ⅆࡢⅬⅉ࡟࠾
࠾࠸࡚ࡶ♧ࡉ
ࡉࢀࡓࠋ᭱ᚋࡲࡲ࡛ㄡ ඛఫఫẸࡢᏑᅾឤ
ឤࡣࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡢ
ࡢࢡࣛ࢖࣐ࢵࢡࢫ࡛࠶ࡿ⪷⪷ⅆࡢⅬⅉ࡟࠾
࠾࠸࡚ࡶ♧ࡉ
ࡉࢀࡓࠋ᭱ᚋࡲ
ࡲ࡛ㄡ
 ඛఫ

࡟࡞ࡿ
ࡿ࠿ࡀఅࡏࡽ
ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ⪷ⅆⅆࡢ᭱⤊ࣛࣥ
ࣥࢼ࣮ࡣࠊ࢔࣎
࣎ࣜࢪࢽࡢ⾑ࢆᘬࡃ࢟ࣕࢩ
ࢩ࣮࣭ࣇ࣮࣐ࣜ
࣐࡛ࣥ࡟࡞ࡿࡿ࠿ࡀఅࡏࡽ
ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ⪷ⅆⅆࡢ᭱⤊ࣛࣥ
ࣥࢼ࣮ࡣࠊ࢔࣎
࣎ࣜࢪࢽࡢ⾑ࢆᘬࡃ࢟ࣕࢩ
ࢩ࣮࣭ࣇ࣮࣐ࣜ
࣐࡛ࣥ࠶ࡗࡓࡓࠋ⪷ⅆࣜࣞ
࣮ࣞ⮬యࢆぢ࡚࡚ࡶࠊඛఫẸẸࡀ㔜どࡉࢀ࡚
࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ
ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋฟⓎⓎⅬࡣ࢔࣎ࣜࢪ
ࢪࢽࡢ࠶ࡗࡓࡓࠋ⪷ⅆࣜࣞ
࣮ࣞ⮬యࢆぢ࡚࡚ࡶࠊඛఫẸẸࡀ㔜どࡉࢀ࡚
࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ
ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋฟⓎⓎⅬࡣ࢔࣎ࣜࢪ
ࢪࢽࡢ

56

56

⪷ᆅ࢘ࣝࣝ㸦࢚࢔࣮ࢬࣟࢵࢡ㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᭱ึࡢ⪷ⅆࣛࣥࢼ࣮࡟ࡣ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽ࡜ࡋ࡚ึࡢ㔠࣓ࢲࣜࢫ⪷ᆅ࢘ࣝࣝ㸦࢚࢔࣮ࢬࣟࢵࢡ㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᭱ึࡢ⪷ⅆࣛࣥࢼ࣮࡟ࡣ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽ࡜ࡋ࡚ึࡢ㔠࣓ࢲࣜࢫࢺࡀ㉳⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢔ࢺࣛࣥࢱ࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ά㌍ࡋࡓዪᏊ࣍ࢵࢣ࣮㑅ᡭࠊࣀࣂ࣭࣌ࣜࢫ࣭ࢽ

ࢺࡀ㉳⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢔ࢺࣛࣥࢱ࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ά㌍ࡋࡓዪᏊ࣍ࢵࢣ࣮㑅ᡭࠊࣀࣂ࣭࣌ࣜࢫ࣭ࢽ

࣮࣮࡛࣎ࣥ࠶ࡿ ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊୖ㏙ࡢ⪷ⅆࢆⅬⅉࡋࡓࣇ࣮࣐ࣜࣥࡣࠊࡇࡢࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ ࣮࣮࡛࣎ࣥ࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊୖ㏙ࡢ⪷ⅆࢆⅬⅉࡋࡓࣇ࣮࣐ࣜࣥࡣࠊࡇࡢࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ ࣓࣮ࢺࣝ㉮࡛㔠࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡾࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡢᅜ᪝࡜࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽ᪝ࡢ୧᪉ࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࢺࣛࢵࢡࢆ୍

࣓࣮ࢺࣝ㉮࡛㔠࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡾࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡢᅜ᪝࡜࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽ᪝ࡢ୧᪉ࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࢺࣛࢵࢡࢆ୍

࿘ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛ヰ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

࿘ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛ヰ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

㛤఍ᘧ࡬ࡢ㈶ྰ

㛤఍ᘧ࡬ࡢ㈶ྰ

 ࡉ࡚ࠊࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ⤌⧊ጤဨ఍ࡣࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡢ₇ฟ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟グࡋ⮬㈇ࡋ࡚࠸

 ࡉ࡚ࠊࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ⤌⧊ጤဨ఍ࡣࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡢ₇ฟ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟グࡋ⮬㈇ࡋ࡚࠸

ࡿࠋࡿࠋࠕ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡢከᩥ໬♫఍ࡀᥥ࠿ࢀࠊ࠸࠿࡟ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ฟ⮬ࡢேࠎࡀ༠ຊࡋࠊㄪ࿴ⓗ࡟ᬽࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ⌮᝿ࡢ⾲⌧࡛࠶ࡿࠖ ࠕ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡢከᩥ໬♫఍ࡀᥥ࠿ࢀࠊ࠸࠿࡟ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ฟ⮬ࡢேࠎࡀ༠ຊࡋࠊㄪ࿴ⓗ࡟ᬽࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ⌮᝿ࡢ⾲⌧࡛࠶ࡿࠖ

☜࠿࡟ࠊ㛤఍ᘧ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᝏྡ㧗࠸ⓑ㇦୺⩏࡜Ỵูࡋࠊከᩥ໬♫఍࡜ࡋ࡚ᡂ⇍ࡋࡓᅜᐙ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ

☜࠿࡟ࠊ㛤఍ᘧ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᝏྡ㧗࠸ⓑ㇦୺⩏࡜Ỵูࡋࠊከᩥ໬♫఍࡜ࡋ࡚ᡂ⇍ࡋࡓᅜᐙ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ

ࢆୡ⏺࡟ྥࡅ࡚࢔ࣆ࣮࡛ࣝࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࢆḼ㏄ࡋࡓᅜෆࡢㄽᐈࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢ୍᪉࡛ࠊከࡃࡢᢈุ

ࢆୡ⏺࡟ྥࡅ࡚࢔ࣆ࣮࡛ࣝࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࢆḼ㏄ࡋࡓᅜෆࡢㄽᐈࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢ୍᪉࡛ࠊከࡃࡢᢈุ

ࢆႏ㉳ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ஦ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡛ࡣࠊⓑே࡟ࡼࡿ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㐣ཤࡢ౵␎ࡸ

ࢆႏ㉳ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ஦ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡛ࡣࠊⓑே࡟ࡼࡿ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㐣ཤࡢ౵␎ࡸ

ᕪูⓗ⾜ⅭࡢΎ⟬ࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚ࠊඛఫẸ࡜㠀ඛఫẸ࡛࠶ࡿᅜẸ࡜ࡢࠕ࿴ゎ㸦UHFRQFLOLDWLRQ㸧ࠖࢆ࠸࠿ᕪูⓗ⾜ⅭࡢΎ⟬ࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚ࠊඛఫẸ࡜㠀ඛఫẸ࡛࠶ࡿᅜẸ࡜ࡢࠕ࿴ゎ㸦UHFRQFLOLDWLRQ㸧ࠖࢆ࠸࠿࡟㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࡀࠊ࠿ࡡ࡚ࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞ᨻ἞ㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋྠ᫬࡟ࠊඛఫẸࡀཷࡅࡓཷ㞴࡟㛵ࡍ࡟㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࡀࠊ࠿ࡡ࡚ࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞ᨻ἞ㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋྠ᫬࡟ࠊඛఫẸࡀཷࡅࡓཷ㞴࡟㛵ࡍࡿṔྐㄆ㆑ࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚ㄽதࡶ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋᐇࡣࠊᙜ᫬ࡢࢪ࣭ࣙࣥࣁ࣮࣡ࢻ㤳┦ࡣඛఫẸ࡟ᑐࡍࡿㅰ

ࡿṔྐㄆ㆑ࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚ㄽதࡶ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋᐇࡣࠊᙜ᫬ࡢࢪ࣭ࣙࣥࣁ࣮࣡ࢻ㤳┦ࡣඛఫẸ࡟ᑐࡍࡿㅰ

⨥ࢆᣄࢇ࡛ࠊ
ࠕ࿴ゎࠖࡢ᥎㐍࡟ྰᐃⓗ࡞❧ሙࢆ࡜ࡾࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡣඛఫẸᨻ⟇࡟ࡶࠊࡲࡓከᩥ໬୺⩏ᨻ⟇⨥ࢆᣄࢇ࡛ࠊ
ࠕ࿴ゎࠖࡢ᥎㐍࡟ྰᐃⓗ࡞❧ሙࢆ࡜ࡾࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡣඛఫẸᨻ⟇࡟ࡶࠊࡲࡓከᩥ໬୺⩏ᨻ⟇࡟ࡶᾘᴟⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡢ₇ฟࢆࠊ⌧ᐇࢆ㞃ⶸࡍࡿࡲࡸ࠿ࡋ࡜ࡋ࡚ཷࡅṆࡵࡓே࡟ࡶᾘᴟⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡢ₇ฟࢆࠊ⌧ᐇࢆ㞃ⶸࡍࡿࡲࡸ࠿ࡋ࡜ࡋ࡚ཷࡅṆࡵࡓேࡓࡕࡀ࠸࡚ࡶ୙ᛮ㆟࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡼࡾ㎞㎥࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊຍᐖ⪅࡛࠶ࡿⓑேࡢ௦⾲ࢆࠊ↓ᇈ࡛ྍࡓࡕࡀ࠸࡚ࡶ୙ᛮ㆟࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡼࡾ㎞㎥࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊຍᐖ⪅࡛࠶ࡿⓑேࡢ௦⾲ࢆࠊ↓ᇈ࡛ྍឡࡽࡋ࠸ᑡዪ࡟₇ࡌࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࢆၥ㢟どࡍࡿぢ᪉ࡶ࠶ࡾᚓࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ

ឡࡽࡋ࠸ᑡዪ࡟₇ࡌࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࢆၥ㢟どࡍࡿぢ᪉ࡶ࠶ࡾᚓࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ ௚᪉࡛ࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡢ₇ฟࢆᮍ᮶࡟ྥࡅࡓ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊඛఫẸ࡜ࡢ⼥࿴࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃከ ௚᪉࡛ࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡢ₇ฟࢆᮍ᮶࡟ྥࡅࡓ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊඛఫẸ࡜ࡢ⼥࿴࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃከ

ᩥ໬ᅜᐙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ᪉ྥᛶ࣭ࣅࢪࣙࣥࢆ᫂ᛌ࡟ᅜẸ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᩒ࠼࡚ࣁ࣮࣡ࢻ㤳┦࡟♧ࡋ࡚ࡳᩥ໬ᅜᐙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ᪉ྥᛶ࣭ࣅࢪࣙࣥࢆ᫂ᛌ࡟ᅜẸ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᩒ࠼࡚ࣁ࣮࣡ࢻ㤳┦࡟♧ࡋ࡚ࡳࡏࡓࠊ࡜ゝ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡑࡶࡑࡶࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤ദ⮬య࡬ࡢࢫࢱࣥࢫࡣࠊඛఫẸࡏࡓࠊ࡜ゝ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡑࡶࡑࡶࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤ദ⮬య࡬ࡢࢫࢱࣥࢫࡣࠊඛఫẸࡢ㛫࡛ࡶពぢࡣศ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ༠ຊࡋࡓேࡓࡕࡶ࠸ࢀࡤࠊ࣎࢖ࢥࢵࢺࡋࡓࡾࠊᢠ㆟㐠ືࢆヨࡳࡼ࠺࡜ࡢ㛫࡛ࡶពぢࡣศ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ༠ຊࡋࡓேࡓࡕࡶ࠸ࢀࡤࠊ࣎࢖ࢥࢵࢺࡋࡓࡾࠊᢠ㆟㐠ືࢆヨࡳࡼ࠺࡜ࡋࡓேࡓࡕࡶ࠸ࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡶࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡸࠊ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽ࣭࢔࣮ࢺࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛵㐃ࡢ࢔࣮ࡋࡓேࡓࡕࡶ࠸ࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡶࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡸࠊ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽ࣭࢔࣮ࢺࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛵㐃ࡢ࢔࣮ࢺࣇ࢙ࢫࢸ࢕ࣂࣝ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊඛఫẸ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㛵ᚰࡸㄆ▱ᗘࡀᅜෆእ࡛㧗ࡲࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊඛఫẸࡢேࠎࢺࣇ࢙ࢫࢸ࢕ࣂࣝ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊඛఫẸ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㛵ᚰࡸㄆ▱ᗘࡀᅜෆእ࡛㧗ࡲࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊඛఫẸࡢேࠎࡢ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺ࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡗࡓ㠃ࢆ⫯ᐃⓗ࡟ᤊ࠼ࡿᙜ஦⪅ࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡢ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺ࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡗࡓ㠃ࢆ⫯ᐃⓗ࡟ᤊ࠼ࡿᙜ஦⪅ࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ



᪥ᮏ⤒῭᪂⪺♫ࢩࢻࢽ࣮ᨭᒁࠕ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽ࡜ࡢࠕ࿴ゎࡢ୍Ṍ࣭ࠖ⪷ⅆ࣮ࣜࣞฟⓎࠖࠗ᪥⤒ࢿࢵࢺ࠘
ࠊ ᖺࠊKWWSZZZQLNNHLFRMSWRSLFV\GQH\㸦 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥᭱⤊࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧 ᖺࠊKWWSZZZQLNNHLFRMSWRSLFV\GQH\㸦 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥᭱⤊࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧

6\GQH\2UJDQLVLQJ&RPPLWWHHIRUWKH2O\PSLF*DPHV2IILFLDO5HSRUWRIWKH;;9,,2O\PSLDG᪥ᮏ⤒῭᪂⪺♫ࢩࢻࢽ࣮ᨭᒁࠕ࢔࣎ࣜࢪࢽ࡜ࡢࠕ࿴ゎࡢ୍Ṍ࣭ࠖ⪷ⅆ࣮ࣜࣞฟⓎࠖࠗ᪥⤒ࢿࢵࢺ࠘
ࠊ
6\GQH\2UJDQLVLQJ&RPPLWWHHIRUWKH2O\PSLF*DPHV2IILFLDO5HSRUWRIWKH;;9,,2O\PSLDG



ࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ඛఫẸ࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヲࡋࡃࡣࠊ/HQVN\M+HOHQ7KH%HVW2O\PSLFV

(YHU"6RFLDO,PSDFWVRI6\GQH\ 6XQ\6HULHVRQ6SRUW&XOWXUHDQG6RFLDO5HODWLRQV (YHU"6RFLDO,PSDFWVRI6\GQH\ 6XQ\6HULHVRQ6SRUW&XOWXUHDQG6RFLDO5HODWLRQV 

57

57ࢩࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ඛఫẸ࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヲࡋࡃࡣࠊ/HQVN\M+HOHQ7KH%HVW2O\PSLFVࣂࣥࢡࢡ࣮ࣂ࣮࣭࢜
࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ
ࡢ㛤఍ᘧ㸦 ᖺ㸧̿ ඛఫẸࡢཧຍ
ඛ
ຍ

ࣂࣥࢡ
ࢡ࣮ࣂ࣮࣭࢜
࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ
ࡢ㛤఍ᘧ㸦 ᖺ㸧̿ ඛఫẸࡢཧຍ
ඛ
ຍ

 ඛఫ
ఫẸࡢᏑᅾࠊᩥ໬ࢆ๓㠃࡟࡟ᡴࡕฟࡋࡓ㛤㛤఍ᘧࡣࢩࢻ
ࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥ
ࣥࣆࢵࢡࡔࡅ
ࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ᖺ ඛఫఫẸࡢᏑᅾࠊᩥ໬ࢆ๓㠃࡟࡟ᡴࡕฟࡋࡓ㛤㛤఍ᘧࡣࢩࢻ
ࢻࢽ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥ
ࣥࣆࢵࢡࡔࡅ
ࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ᖺ෤ࡢࣂࣂࣥࢡ࣮ࣂ࣮
࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵ
ࢵࢡ࡛ࡶࠊ኱
኱఍ࡢ⌮ᛕ࡛࠶
࠶ࡿࠕඛఫẸࡢࡢཧຍࠖࢆⰍ
Ⰽ⃰ࡃᡴࡕฟࡋ
ࡋࡓෆ෤ࡢࣂࣂࣥࢡ࣮ࣂ࣮
࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵ
ࢵࢡ࡛ࡶࠊ኱
኱఍ࡢ⌮ᛕ࡛࠶
࠶ࡿࠕඛఫẸࡢࡢཧຍࠖࢆⰍ
Ⰽ⃰ࡃᡴࡕฟࡋࡋࡓෆᐜࡢ㛤㛤఍ᘧࡀ⾜ࢃ
ࢃࢀࡓࠋ࢝ࢼࢲ
ࢲࡣ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡜ྠᵝᵝ࡟ከᩥ໬୺⩏⩏ࢆᶆᴶࡋ࡚
࡚ࡁࡓᅜ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲᐜࡢ㛤㛤఍ᘧࡀ⾜ࢃ
ࢃࢀࡓࠋ࢝ࢼࢲ
ࢲࡣ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡜ྠᵝᵝ࡟ከᩥ໬୺⩏⩏ࢆᶆᴶࡋ࡚
࡚ࡁࡓᅜ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲ

ࡓࠊඛඛఫẸࡣࠊࣇ
ࣇࣛࣥࢫࠊ⥆࠸࠸࡚࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟ࡼࡿᨭ㓄ࡢࡢୗ࡛ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫ
ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡜
࡜ྠᵝ࡟⌮୙ᑾ
ᑾ࡛ᕪࡓࠊඛඛఫẸࡣࠊࣇ
ࣇࣛࣥࢫࠊ⥆࠸࠸࡚࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟ࡼࡿᨭ㓄ࡢࡢୗ࡛ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫ
ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡜
࡜ྠᵝ࡟⌮୙ᑾᑾ࡛ᕪูⓗ࡞࡞ᢅ࠸ࢆཷࡅ
ࡅ࡚ࡁࡓṔྐࢆ
ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ูⓗ࡞࡞ᢅ࠸ࢆཷࡅ
ࡅ࡚ࡁࡓṔྐࢆ
ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣂࣥࣥࢡ࣮ࣂ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ
ࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧࡣ
ࡣࠊඛఫẸࡢᩥ
ᩥ໬ⓗࢩࣥ࣎ࣝ
࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿᕧ኱
኱࡞㸲ᮏࡢࢺ࣮࣮ࢸ࣒ ࣂࣥࣥࢡ࣮ࣂ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ
ࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧࡣ
ࡣࠊඛఫẸࡢᩥ
ᩥ໬ⓗࢩࣥ࣎ࣝ
࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿᕧ኱
኱࡞㸲ᮏࡢࢺ࣮
࣮ࢸ࣒࣏࣮ࣝࣝࡀ㉳ࡁୖࡀ
ࡀࡿࢩ࣮ࣥ࠿ࡽ
ࡽጞࡲࡾࠊ➇➇ᢏ఍ሙࡢ࿘㎶㎶ࢆᒃఫ༊࡜ࡋࠊ኱఍࣍ࢫ
ࢫࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚‽ഛഛࢆ㐍࣏࣮ࣝࣝࡀ㉳ࡁୖࡀ
ࡀࡿࢩ࣮ࣥ࠿ࡽ
ࡽጞࡲࡾࠊ➇➇ᢏ఍ሙࡢ࿘㎶㎶ࢆᒃఫ༊࡜ࡋࠊ኱఍࣍ࢫ
ࢫࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚‽ഛഛࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚ࡁࡁࡓඛఫẸࡢ
ࡢ㸲ࡘࡢ㒊᪘㸦ࣜࣜ࣡ࢵࢺࠊ࣐ࢫࢡ࢚࢔
࢔࣒ࠊࢫࢥ࣮࣑ࢵࢩࣗࠊࢶ
ࢶࣞ࢖࣭࢛ࣝ࢘
࢛࢘ࢺࡵ࡚ࡁࡁࡓඛఫẸࡢ
ࡢ㸲ࡘࡢ㒊᪘㸦ࣜࣜ࣡ࢵࢺࠊ࣐ࢫࢡ࢚࢔
࢔࣒ࠊࢫࢥ࣮࣑ࢵࢩࣗࠊࢶ
ࢶࣞ࢖࣭࢛ࣝ࢘
࢛࢘ࢺࢗࢫ㸧ࡀẸ᪘⾰⿦⿦ࢆࡲ࡜ࡗ࡚㋀㋀ࡾࢆᢨ㟢ࡋ
ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽධሙࡋ
ࡋࡓࠋࢗࢫ㸧ࡀẸ᪘⾰⿦⿦ࢆࡲ࡜ࡗ࡚㋀㋀ࡾࢆᢨ㟢ࡋ
ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽධሙࡋࡋࡓࠋ ࣂࣥࣥࢡ࣮ࣂ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ
ࢡ࡛≉➹ࡍ࡭ࡁ
ࡁࡣࠊ㛤఍ᘧ࡬
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ࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊඛఫ
ఫẸࡢேࠎࡀ࢜࢜ࣜࣥ ࣂࣥࣥࢡ࣮ࣂ࣮࣭࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ
ࢡ࡛≉➹ࡍ࡭ࡁ
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࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢡྐୖึࡵ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵ
ࢵࢡ⤌⧊ጤဨ఍
఍࡟ຍࢃࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ኱⮬↛࡜ࡢㄪㄪ࿴ࢆ኱ษ࡟ࡍ
ࡍࡿᩥࣆࢵࢡࢡྐୖึࡵ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵ
ࢵࢡ⤌⧊ጤဨ఍
఍࡟ຍࢃࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ኱⮬↛࡜ࡢㄪㄪ࿴ࢆ኱ษ࡟ࡍ
ࡍࡿᩥ໬ࢆ⫱⫱ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓࡇࢀࡽඛఫẸࡢࡢ▱ᜨࢆ࢜ࣜࣥ
ࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟⏕࠿ࡑ࠺࡜࠸࠺ヨࡳࡢ୍⎔࡛࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ

໬ࢆ⫱⫱ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓࡇࢀࡽඛఫẸࡢࡢ▱ᜨࢆ࢜ࣜࣥ
ࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟⏕࠿ࡑ࠺࡜࠸࠺ヨࡳࡢ୍⎔࡛࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ

 

 

ࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤఍ᘧ
ᘧ㸦 ᖺ㸧ࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥ

ࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤఍ᘧ
ᘧ㸦 ᖺ㸧ࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥ

ᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢほほⅬ࠿ࡽぢࡿ࡞
࡞ࡽࡤࠊ ᖺࡢࣟࣥࢻࣥ
࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࡸࡸ」」㞧࡞≧ἣࢆᢪᢪ࠼ࡿ ከᩥᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢほほⅬ࠿ࡽぢࡿ࡞
࡞ࡽࡤࠊ ᖺࡢࣟࣥࢻࣥ
࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࡸࡸ」」㞧࡞≧ἣࢆᢪ
ᢪ࠼ࡿ
 ከᩥ

ࡇ࡜࡜
࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋᣍ⮴⮴άື࡟࠾࠸
࠸࡚ࣟࣥࢻࣥࡀ
ࡀఱࡼࡾࢭ࣮
࣮ࣝࢫ࣏࢖ࣥࢺ
ࢺ࡜ࡋࡓࡢࡣ
ࡣࠊ୍ࠗࡘࡢ㒔ᕷ
ᕷ࡟ୡࡇ࡜࡜࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋᣍ⮴⮴άື࡟࠾࠸
࠸࡚ࣟࣥࢻࣥࡀ
ࡀఱࡼࡾࢭ࣮
࣮ࣝࢫ࣏࢖ࣥࢺ
ࢺ࡜ࡋࡓࡢࡣ
ࡣࠊ୍ࠗࡘࡢ㒔ᕷ
ᕷ࡟ୡ⏺ࡀ࠶࠶ࡿ㸦7KH:RUUOGLQ2QH&LW\㸧࠘࡜࠸࠺ࢫ࣮ࣟ࢞ࣥࡀ
ࡀ♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
ࠊࡑࡢከᵝᛶ
ᛶࡢࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢬ
ࢬ࣒ࠊ⏺ࡀ࠶࠶ࡿ㸦7KH:RUUOGLQ2QH&LW\㸧࠘࡜࠸࠺ࢫ࣮ࣟ࢞ࣥࡀ
ࡀ♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
ࠊࡑࡢከᵝᛶ
ᛶࡢࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢬࢬ࣒ࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࢃࡕ  ࡢ࢚ࢫࢫࢽࢵࢡ࣭ࢢࣝ
࣮ࣝࣉࡀఫࡳ
ࡳࠊ ௨ୖࡢࡢゝㄒࡀ᪥ᖖⓗⓗ࡟ヰࡉࢀ࡚
࡚࠸ࡿࢥࢫ࣏࣏ࣔࣜࢱࡍ࡞ࢃࢃࡕ  ࡢ࢚ࢫࢫࢽࢵࢡ࣭ࢢࣝ
࣮ࣝࣉࡀఫࡳ
ࡳࠊ ௨ୖࡢࡢゝㄒࡀ᪥ᖖⓗⓗ࡟ヰࡉࢀ࡚
࡚࠸ࡿࢥࢫ࣏ࣔ
࣏ࣜࢱࣥ㒔ᕷᕷࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢ
ࡢከᩥ໬࡬ࡢ㛤㛤ᨺᛶ㸦RSHQQ
QQHVV㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡗࡓࠋ 

ࣥ㒔ᕷᕷࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢ
ࡢከᩥ໬࡬ࡢ㛤㛤ᨺᛶ㸦RSHQQ
QQHVV㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡗࡓࠋ 

࡜ࡇࡇࢁࡀࠊ ᖺ㸵᭶㸵᪥ࠊࠊወࡋࡃࡶ  ᖺ࢜ࣜࣥࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ
ࢡࡢ㛤ദᆅࡢᗙ
ᗙࢆ⋓

࡜ࡇࡇࢁࡀࠊ ᖺ㸵᭶㸵᪥ࠊࠊወࡋࡃࡶ  ᖺ࢜ࣜࣥࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ
ࢡࡢ㛤ദᆅࡢᗙ
ᗙࢆ⋓

6WDWHH8QLYHUVLW\RI1HZ<RUN
N3UHVVࢆཧ↷

6WDWHH8QLYHUVLW\RI1HZ<RUN
N3UHVVࢆཧ↷ࣈࣜࣜࢸ࢕ࢵࢩࣗࢥ
ࢥࣟࣥࣅ࢔ᕞᕞほගᒁබᘧࢧ
ࢧ࢖ࢺ KWWSPLFHYDQFRXXYHUMSLGHDDJUHHQSKS㸦ᖺ㸯᭶᭶  ᪥᭱⤊࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧ᖺ㸯᭶᭶  ᪥᭱⤊࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧

58ࣈࣜࣜࢸ࢕ࢵࢩࣗࢥ
ࢥࣟࣥࣅ࢔ᕞᕞほගᒁබᘧࢧ
ࢧ࢖ࢺ KWWSPLFHYDQFRXXYHUMSLGHDDJUHHQSKS㸦58

ᚓࡋࡓ⩣ᮅࠊࣟࣥࢻ࡛ࣥྠ᫬⇿◚ࢸࣟ஦௳ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᐜ␲⪅ࡣ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡛⏕ࡲࢀ⫱ࡗࡓᚓࡋࡓ⩣ᮅࠊࣟࣥࢻ࡛ࣥྠ᫬⇿◚ࢸࣟ஦௳ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᐜ␲⪅ࡣ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡛⏕ࡲࢀ⫱ࡗࡓ࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࢸࣟ஦௳࡬ࡢᜍᛧឤࡣࠊ▷⤡ⓗ࡟࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ࣐ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒ࡢኻ

࣒ࢫ࣒ࣜ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࢸࣟ஦௳࡬ࡢᜍᛧឤࡣࠊ▷⤡ⓗ࡟࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ࣐ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒ࡢኻ

ᩋ࡜࠸࠺ㄽㄪ࡬࡜⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓㄽㄪࡢ㧗ࡲࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⚾⮬㌟ࡣࠊ௚ࡢࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞

ᩋ࡜࠸࠺ㄽㄪ࡬࡜⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓㄽㄪࡢ㧗ࡲࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⚾⮬㌟ࡣࠊ௚ࡢࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞

ᨻ⟇ࡢኻᩋࢆ࣐ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒ࡢࡏ࠸࡟ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠊ࠸ࢃࡤ࣐ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒ࡢࢫࢣ

ᨻ⟇ࡢኻᩋࢆ࣐ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒ࡢࡏ࠸࡟ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠊ࠸ࢃࡤ࣐ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒ࡢࢫࢣ

࣮ࣉࢦ࣮ࢺ໬࡜࠸࠺ഃ㠃ࢆ↓どࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊ⌧ᐇ࡟ࡣࠊከᵝᛶࢆ࣮ࣉࢦ࣮ࢺ໬࡜࠸࠺ഃ㠃ࢆ↓どࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊ⌧ᐇ࡟ࡣࠊከᵝᛶࢆᡭᨺࡋ࡛♩㈶ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ᪝Ⰽࡣࡲࡍࡲࡍᝏࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ ࠋᡭᨺࡋ࡛♩㈶ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ᪝Ⰽࡣࡲࡍࡲࡍᝏࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋ

୺ேබࡣປാ⪅࣭ᗢẸ୺ேබࡣປാ⪅࣭ᗢẸ ࡛ࡣࠊࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ ࡛ࡣࠊࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ

ࡑࢀࡣࠊᫎ⏬┘╩ࡢࢲࢽ࣮࣭࣎࢖ࣝࡀ₇ฟࢆᢸᙜࡋࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡀ⏕ࢇࡔᩥ㇦ࢩ࢙࣮ࢡࢫࣆ࢔ࡢࠗࢸ

ࡑࢀࡣࠊᫎ⏬┘╩ࡢࢲࢽ࣮࣭࣎࢖ࣝࡀ₇ฟࢆᢸᙜࡋࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡀ⏕ࢇࡔᩥ㇦ࢩ࢙࣮ࢡࢫࣆ࢔ࡢࠗࢸ

ࣥ࣌ࢫࢺ࠘ࡸඣ❺ᩥᏛࡢࠗࣆ࣮ࢱ࣮ࣃࣥ࠘࡞࡝ࡢࣔࢳ࣮ࣇࢆ⏝࠸࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢṔྐࢆኊ኱࡞

ࣥ࣌ࢫࢺ࠘ࡸඣ❺ᩥᏛࡢࠗࣆ࣮ࢱ࣮ࣃࣥ࠘࡞࡝ࡢࣔࢳ࣮ࣇࢆ⏝࠸࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢṔྐࢆኊ኱࡞

ࢫ࣌ࢡࢱࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ᢨ㟢ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢཎⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㎰ᮧ࠿ࡽㄝࡁ㉳ࡇࡋࠊ⏘ࢫ࣌ࢡࢱࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ᢨ㟢ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢཎⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㎰ᮧ࠿ࡽㄝࡁ㉳ࡇࡋࠊ⏘ᴗ㠉࿨ࠊୡ⏺኱ᡓࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ⌧ᅾࡢ㄂ࡿ࡭ࡁ⚟♴ᅜᐙ࡟⮳ࡾࠊⱝ⪅ࡓࡕࡀ㹇㹒♫఍ࢆㅻḷࡍࡿ௒᪥ࡲ

ᴗ㠉࿨ࠊୡ⏺኱ᡓࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ⌧ᅾࡢ㄂ࡿ࡭ࡁ⚟♴ᅜᐙ࡟⮳ࡾࠊⱝ⪅ࡓࡕࡀ㹇㹒♫఍ࢆㅻḷࡍࡿ௒᪥ࡲ

࡛ࡢṔྐࡀࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢵࢡ࡟ࠊ࣮ࣘࣔ࢔ࢆ஺࠼࡚ᥥ࠿ࢀࡓࠋ≉➹ࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࡢࡣࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡢ୺ேබ

࡛ࡢṔྐࡀࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢵࢡ࡟ࠊ࣮ࣘࣔ࢔ࢆ஺࠼࡚ᥥ࠿ࢀࡓࠋ≉➹ࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࡢࡣࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡢ୺ேබ

ࡀ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛㢠࡟ờࡋ࡚ാࡃປാ⪅ࡸᗢẸ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋዪᛶཧᨻᶒ㐠ືࡢࢹࣔ㝲ࡀࢫࢱࢪ࢔

ࡀ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛㢠࡟ờࡋ࡚ാࡃປാ⪅ࡸᗢẸ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋዪᛶཧᨻᶒ㐠ືࡢࢹࣔ㝲ࡀࢫࢱࢪ࢔

࣒ࢆ㜏Ṍࡍࡿගᬒࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

࣒ࢆ㜏Ṍࡍࡿගᬒࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

 

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                                ከᵝᛶࡢໟᦤ

ከᵝᛶࡢໟᦤ ᣍ⮴άື࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠕከᩥ໬࡬ࡢ㛤ᨺᛶࠖࢆᥖࡆ࡚࠸ࡓ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊ࠾ࡑࡽࡃඛ㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࣐ ᣍ⮴άື࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠕከᩥ໬࡬ࡢ㛤ᨺᛶࠖࢆᥖࡆ࡚࠸ࡓ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊ࠾ࡑࡽࡃඛ㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࣐

ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒࡟ᑐࡍࡿ཯ឤࡢ㧗ࡲࡾࢆ⫼ᬒ࡟ࠊࢩࢻࢽ࣮࡟ẚ࡭ࡿ࡜ࡑࢀࢆࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢺ࡟࢔

ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒࡟ᑐࡍࡿ཯ឤࡢ㧗ࡲࡾࢆ⫼ᬒ࡟ࠊࢩࢻࢽ࣮࡟ẚ࡭ࡿ࡜ࡑࢀࢆࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢺ࡟࢔

ࣆ࣮ࣝࡍࡿ₇ฟ࡟ࡣᾘᴟⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓほࡀྰࡵ࡞࠸ࠋࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢ㛤఍ᘧࡣࠊ୍ぢࡍࡿ࡜ࠕከᩥ໬ࡢ≀ࣆ࣮ࣝࡍࡿ₇ฟ࡟ࡣᾘᴟⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓほࡀྰࡵ࡞࠸ࠋࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢ㛤఍ᘧࡣࠊ୍ぢࡍࡿ࡜ࠕከᩥ໬ࡢ≀ㄒ㸦PXOWLFXOWXUDOVWRU\㸧ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࠊ
ࠕປാ⪅ࡢ≀ㄒࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᡴࡕฟࡉࢀࡓࠊ࡜ᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛

ㄒ㸦PXOWLFXOWXUDOVWRU\㸧ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࠊ
ࠕປാ⪅ࡢ≀ㄒࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᡴࡕฟࡉࢀࡓࠊ࡜ᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛

ࡁࡼ࠺ࠋ

ࡁࡼ࠺ࠋ

 ࡓࡔࡋࠊฟ₇⪅ࡸࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢከᵝᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ༑ศ࡞㓄៖ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࢆᙉㄪࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ ࡓࡔࡋࠊฟ₇⪅ࡸࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢከᵝᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ༑ศ࡞㓄៖ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࢆᙉㄪࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ

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59

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࠸ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫᅜ᪝ᥖᥭࡢ㝿࡟ᅜḷࠕ*RGVDYHWKH4XHHQࠖࢆ࢔࡛࢝࣌ࣛḷࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊ⪥ࡢ࠸ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫᅜ᪝ᥖᥭࡢ㝿࡟ᅜḷࠕ*RGVDYHWKH4XHHQࠖࢆ࢔࡛࢝࣌ࣛḷࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊ⪥ࡢ୙⮬⏤࡞Ꮚ౪ࡓࡕ࡟ࡼࡿྜၐᅋ㸦7KH.DRV6LQJLQJ&KRLUIRU'HDIDQG+HDULQJ&KLOGUHQ㸧࡛࠶୙⮬⏤࡞Ꮚ౪ࡓࡕ࡟ࡼࡿྜၐᅋ㸦7KH.DRV6LQJLQJ&KRLUIRU'HDIDQG+HDULQJ&KLOGUHQ㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㌴᳔Ꮚࡢฟ₇⪅ࡶⓏሙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊⓏሙே≀ࡢ࡞࠿࡟Ṕྐⓗ࡟ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓ࡞࠸㯮ேࢆ࠶࠼ࡗࡓࠋ㌴᳔Ꮚࡢฟ₇⪅ࡶⓏሙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊⓏሙே≀ࡢ࡞࠿࡟Ṕྐⓗ࡟ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓ࡞࠸㯮ேࢆ࠶࠼࡚㉳⏝ࡋࡓࡾࠊ⌧௦ࡢ඾ᆺⓗ࡞࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢᐙ᪘ࡀࠊ㯮ேࡢ∗࡜ⓑேࡢẕ࡜࠸࠺タᐃ࡛ᥥ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ

࡚㉳⏝ࡋࡓࡾࠊ⌧௦ࡢ඾ᆺⓗ࡞࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢᐙ᪘ࡀࠊ㯮ேࡢ∗࡜ⓑேࡢẕ࡜࠸࠺タᐃ࡛ᥥ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ

ࡾࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡢ࣎ࣛࣥࢸ࢕࢔࣭ࢫࢱࢵࣇ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㛤ദᆅ㏆㞄ࡢᏛᰯ࠿ࡽ  ௨ୖࡢゝㄒࢆࡾࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ㛤఍ᘧࡢ࣎ࣛࣥࢸ࢕࢔࣭ࢫࢱࢵࣇ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㛤ദᆅ㏆㞄ࡢᏛᰯ࠿ࡽ  ௨ୖࡢゝㄒࢆヰࡍᏊ౪ࡓࡕࡀཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ࠋࡓ࡜࠼ᨻ἞ⓗ࡞⌮⏤࡛࣐ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒ࢆ๓㠃࡟⾲㇟࡛ࡁ࡞ヰࡍᏊ౪ࡓࡕࡀཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ᨻ἞ⓗ࡞⌮⏤࡛࣐ࣝࢳ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣜࢬ࣒ࢆ๓㠃࡟⾲㇟࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢከᵝᛶࡣ㛤఍ᘧࡢ㝶ᡤ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢከᵝᛶࡣ㛤఍ᘧࡢ㝶ᡤ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ከᩥ໬࡜࠸࠺⌧ᐇࢆࠊࡶࡣࡸྰᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶࠊᚋᡠࡾࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣉࣟࢹ࣮ࣗࢧ

ከᩥ໬࡜࠸࠺⌧ᐇࢆࠊࡶࡣࡸྰᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶࠊᚋᡠࡾࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣉࣟࢹ࣮ࣗࢧ

࣮ࡢ࣎࢖ࣝࡀᥥࡁࡓ࠿ࡗࡓࠕປാ⪅ࡢ≀ㄒࠖࡣࠊ࠶ࡽࡺࡿከᵝᛶࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽࡍ࡭࡚ࢆໟᦤ

࣮ࡢ࣎࢖ࣝࡀᥥࡁࡓ࠿ࡗࡓࠕປാ⪅ࡢ≀ㄒࠖࡣࠊ࠶ࡽࡺࡿከᵝᛶࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽࡍ࡭࡚ࢆໟᦤ

ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ᵓ᝿ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ

ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ᵓ᝿ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ ࡇࡢ㛤఍ᘧࡢホ౯࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㈶ྰ୧ㄽ࠶ࡾࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤಖᏲὴࡢ࠶ࡿㄽᐈࡣࠊ
ࠕ࣐ࣝࢡࢫ୺⩏ⓗ࡞ከ ࡇࡢ㛤఍ᘧࡢホ౯࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㈶ྰ୧ㄽ࠶ࡾࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤಖᏲὴࡢ࠶ࡿㄽᐈࡣࠊ
ࠕ࣐ࣝࢡࢫ୺⩏ⓗ࡞ከᩥ໬ࡢࢭࣞࣔࢽ࣮ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚㓞ホࡋࠊ඾ᆺⓗ࡞࢖ࢠࣜࢫேࡢᐙ᪘࡜ࡋ࡚㯮ேࡢ∗ࡀタᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ

ᩥ໬ࡢࢭࣞࣔࢽ࣮ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚㓞ホࡋࠊ඾ᆺⓗ࡞࢖ࢠࣜࢫேࡢᐙ᪘࡜ࡋ࡚㯮ேࡢ∗ࡀタᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ

࡜࡟ࡶ୙ᛌឤࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࡜࡟ࡶ୙ᛌឤࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊ᐀ᩍ࡜ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ≉➹ࡍ࡭ࡁⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡲ ࡞࠾ࠊ᐀ᩍ࡜ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽࣟࣥࢻ࣭ࣥ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ≉➹ࡍ࡭ࡁⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡲ

࡛᐀ᩍⓗ࡞⌮⏤࡟ࡼࡾ⏨ᛶࡋ࠿ฟሙࡉࡏ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࢧ࢘ࢪ࢔ࣛࣅ࢔ࠊ࢝ࢱ࣮ࣝࠊࣈࣝࢿ࢖ࡀዪᛶ

࡛᐀ᩍⓗ࡞⌮⏤࡟ࡼࡾ⏨ᛶࡋ࠿ฟሙࡉࡏ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࢧ࢘ࢪ࢔ࣛࣅ࢔ࠊ࢝ࢱ࣮ࣝࠊࣈࣝࢿ࢖ࡀዪᛶ

㑅ᡭࢆὴ㐵ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡྐୖึࡵ࡚ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᅜ࣭ᆅᇦ࠿ࡽዪᛶ㑅ᡭࡀཧຍ࡛ࡁࡓ኱఍

㑅ᡭࢆὴ㐵ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡྐୖึࡵ࡚ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᅜ࣭ᆅᇦ࠿ࡽዪᛶ㑅ᡭࡀཧຍ࡛ࡁࡓ኱఍

࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆᣲࡆ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ

࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆᣲࡆ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ

ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧ ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶⱝᖸ࡞ࡀࡽゝཬࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋࢩࢻࢽ࣮ࠊࣟࣥࢻࣥࠊ㛗㔝ࠊ ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶⱝᖸ࡞ࡀࡽゝཬࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋࢩࢻࢽ࣮ࠊࣟࣥࢻࣥࠊ㛗㔝ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆẚ࡭࡚ࡳࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ᭱ࡶឤ㖭ࢆཷࡅࡓࡢࡣࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆẚ࡭࡚ࡳࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ᭱ࡶឤ㖭ࢆཷࡅࡓࡢࡣࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࠊ࣮࣍࢟ࣥࢢ༤ኈ࠿ࡽ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺࠊࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢆ₇ࡌࡿேࡓࡕࡲ࡛ࠊⓏሙ⪅ࡢ୰࡛࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࠊ࣮࣍࢟ࣥࢢ༤ኈ࠿ࡽ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺࠊࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢆ₇ࡌࡿேࡓࡕࡲ࡛ࠊⓏሙ⪅ࡢ୰࡛㞀ࡀ࠸ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࡢᅽಽⓗ࡞Ꮡᅾឤ࡜ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀ㩭᫂࡟ఏࢃࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣟࣥࢻࣥ

㞀ࡀ࠸ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࡢᅽಽⓗ࡞Ꮡᅾឤ࡜ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀ㩭᫂࡟ఏࢃࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣟࣥࢻࣥ

ࡶࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࢩࢻࢽ࣮ࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡛ࡶࠊ㞀ࡀ࠸ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࡀ୺ᑟᶒࢆᣢࡕ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸

ࡶࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࢩࢻࢽ࣮ࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡛ࡶࠊ㞀ࡀ࠸ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࡀ୺ᑟᶒࢆᣢࡕ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸

ேࡓࡕ࡜༠ാࡋ࡚ࢭࣞࣔࢽ࣮ࢆ๰ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺༳㇟ࢆཷࡅࡓࠋ௚᪉࡛ࠊ㛗㔝ࡢሙྜࡣࠊᆅඖࡢ㔝ேࡓࡕ࡜༠ാࡋ࡚ࢭࣞࣔࢽ࣮ࢆ๰ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺༳㇟ࢆཷࡅࡓࠋ௚᪉࡛ࠊ㛗㔝ࡢሙྜࡣࠊᆅඖࡢ㔝ἑ Ἠࡢ㐨♽⚄⚍ࡾࢆࣔࢳ࣮ࣇ࡜ࡋࡓᗁ᝿㡢ᴦ๻࡞࡝ࠊⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢡ࢜ࣜࢸ࢕ࡣ㧗࠿ἑ Ἠࡢ㐨♽⚄⚍ࡾࢆࣔࢳ࣮ࣇ࡜ࡋࡓᗁ᝿㡢ᴦ๻࡞࡝ࠊⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢡ࢜ࣜࢸ࢕ࡣ㧗࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛೺ᖖ⪅ࡀ୺య࡜࡞ࡾࠊࡑࡇ࡟㞀ࡀ࠸⪅ࡶຍࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺

ࡗࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛೺ᖖ⪅ࡀ୺య࡜࡞ࡾࠊࡑࡇ࡟㞀ࡀ࠸⪅ࡶຍࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢཷࡅࡽࢀࠊ୧⪅ࡢᑐ➼࡞ඹ⏕࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࡣࠊ⋡┤࡞࡜ࡇࢁ≀㊊ࡾ࡞࠸༳㇟࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࡟ぢཷࡅࡽࢀࠊ୧⪅ࡢᑐ➼࡞ඹ⏕࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࡣࠊ⋡┤࡞࡜ࡇࢁ≀㊊ࡾ࡞࠸༳㇟࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ


KWWSRO\PSLFRSHQLQJFHUHPRQ\WXPEOUFRPWDJJHGVWDJH㸦 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥᭱⤊࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧
3DXO:HVWRQ͂/RQGRQ̓V0DU[LVW0XOWLFXOWXUDO2O\PSLFV̓*DWHVRI9LHQQD
KWWSJDWHVRIYLHQQDEORJVSRWSWORQGRQVPDU[LVWPXOWLFXOWXUDORO\PSLFVKWPO
㸦 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥᭱⤊࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧

60
KWWSRO\PSLFRSHQLQJFHUHPRQ\WXPEOUFRPWDJJHGVWDJH㸦 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥᭱⤊࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧
3DXO:HVWRQ͂/RQGRQ̓V0DU[LVW0XOWLFXOWXUDO2O\PSLFV̓*DWHVRI9LHQQD
KWWSJDWHVRIYLHQQDEORJVSRWSWORQGRQVPDU[LVWPXOWLFXOWXUDORO\PSLFVKWPO
㸦 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥᭱⤊࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧60 ᮾி኱఍࡟ྥࡅ࡚

 ᮾி኱఍࡟ྥࡅ࡚ ࡉ࡚ࠊ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࠊ ᖺࡢᮾி኱఍࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㛤఍ᘧࢆぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ ࡉ࡚ࠊ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࠊ ᖺࡢᮾி኱఍࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㛤఍ᘧࢆぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ

 ㏆௦࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᥦၐ⪅ࢡ࣮࣋ࣝࢱࣥࡣࠊ┦㐪ࢆᾘࡋཤࡗࡓࠕࢥࢫ࣏ࣔࣜࢱࢽࢬ࣒࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ

 ㏆௦࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᥦၐ⪅ࢡ࣮࣋ࣝࢱࣥࡣࠊ┦㐪ࢆᾘࡋཤࡗࡓࠕࢥࢫ࣏ࣔࣜࢱࢽࢬ࣒࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ

ேࠎࡢከᵝᛶࢆㅻḷࡍࡿࠕ┿ࡢᅜ㝿୺⩏㸦LQWHUQDWLRQDOLVP㸧ࠖࡇࡑࡀୡ⏺ᖹ࿴࡟㏻ࡎࡿ࡜ࡢ❧ሙࢆேࠎࡢከᵝᛶࢆㅻḷࡍࡿࠕ┿ࡢᅜ㝿୺⩏㸦LQWHUQDWLRQDOLVP㸧ࠖࡇࡑࡀୡ⏺ᖹ࿴࡟㏻ࡎࡿ࡜ࡢ❧ሙࢆྲྀࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿ ࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤ദࡢព⩏ࡢ୍ࡘࡀࠊࡇࡢࠕ┿ࡢᅜ㝿୺⩏ࠖࡢ᥎㐍࡟࠶ࡿྲྀࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤ദࡢព⩏ࡢ୍ࡘࡀࠊࡇࡢࠕ┿ࡢᅜ㝿୺⩏ࠖࡢ᥎㐍࡟࠶ࡿࡢ࡞ࡽࡤࠊඛࡎࡣࠊᮾிࡢࠊࡑࡋ࡚᪥ᮏࡢ♫఍࡟ఫࡴேࠎࡢከᵝᛶࢆᢎㄆࡋࠊከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡬ࡢຊᙉࡢ࡞ࡽࡤࠊඛࡎࡣࠊᮾிࡢࠊࡑࡋ࡚᪥ᮏࡢ♫఍࡟ఫࡴேࠎࡢከᵝᛶࢆᢎㄆࡋࠊከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡬ࡢຊᙉ࠸࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋ

࠸࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋ

᪥ᮏࡀࠕ༢୍Ẹ᪘ᅜᐙ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡢᗁ᝿ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡣࠊࡶࡣࡸᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ

᪥ᮏࡀࠕ༢୍Ẹ᪘ᅜᐙ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡢᗁ᝿ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡣࠊࡶࡣࡸᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ

ᖺ࡟ᅜ❧Ẹ᪘Ꮫ༤≀㤋࡛ࠕࡓࡳࢇࡒࡃࢽ࣍ࣥࠖ࡜㢟ࡋࡓ≉ูᒎ♧ࡀ㛤࠿ࢀࡓࡢࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢከᩥ໬ⓗᖺ࡟ᅜ❧Ẹ᪘Ꮫ༤≀㤋࡛ࠕࡓࡳࢇࡒࡃࢽ࣍ࣥࠖ࡜㢟ࡋࡓ≉ูᒎ♧ࡀ㛤࠿ࢀࡓࡢࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢከᩥ໬ⓗ⌧ᐇࢆㄆ㆑ࡍࡿୖ࡛ᴟࡵ࡚㇟ᚩⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡑࡢ  ᖺᚋࡢ  ᖺ࡟ࡣࠊ⥲ົ┬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚
ࠗከ⌧ᐇࢆㄆ㆑ࡍࡿୖ࡛ᴟࡵ࡚㇟ᚩⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡑࡢ  ᖺᚋࡢ  ᖺ࡟ࡣࠊ⥲ົ┬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚
ࠗከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢ᥎㐍࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲఍ሗ࿌᭩࠘ࡀබ⾲ࡉࢀࠊ᪥ᮏᨻᗓ࡜ࡋ࡚ึࡵ࡚බᘧ࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡟ᒃఫࡍ

ᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢ᥎㐍࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲఍ሗ࿌᭩࠘ࡀබ⾲ࡉࢀࠊ᪥ᮏᨻᗓ࡜ࡋ࡚ึࡵ࡚බᘧ࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡟ᒃఫࡍ

ࡿࠕᅜ⡠ࡸẸ᪘࡞࡝ࡢ␗࡞ࡿேࠎࠖࢆࠕᆅᇦ♫఍ࡢᵓᡂဨࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚᫂♧ⓗ࡟఩⨨࡙ࡅࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺

ࡿࠕᅜ⡠ࡸẸ᪘࡞࡝ࡢ␗࡞ࡿேࠎࠖࢆࠕᆅᇦ♫఍ࡢᵓᡂဨࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚᫂♧ⓗ࡟఩⨨࡙ࡅࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺

࡟ࠊᑡࡋࡎࡘ᪥ᮏࡶኚࢃࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋ

࡟ࠊᑡࡋࡎࡘ᪥ᮏࡶኚࢃࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡉࡽ࡟ࡑࡢ㸰ᖺᚋࡢ  ᖺ㸴᭶ࠊ᪥ᮏᨻᗓࡣࡼ࠺ࡸࡃ⾗ཧ୧㝔࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢔࢖ࢾẸ᪘ࢆṇᘧ࡟ඛ ࡉࡽ࡟ࡑࡢ㸰ᖺᚋࡢ  ᖺ㸴᭶ࠊ᪥ᮏᨻᗓࡣࡼ࠺ࡸࡃ⾗ཧ୧㝔࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢔࢖ࢾẸ᪘ࢆṇᘧ࡟ඛఫẸ᪘࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵࡿỴ㆟ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ໭ᾏ㐨Ὕ√†ࢧ࣑ࢵࢺ㛤ദࢆ⩣㸵᭶࡟᥍࠼ࡓ┤๓࡜࠸࠺ࢱ࢖࣑

ఫẸ᪘࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵࡿỴ㆟ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ໭ᾏ㐨Ὕ√†ࢧ࣑ࢵࢺ㛤ദࢆ⩣㸵᭶࡟᥍࠼ࡓ┤๓࡜࠸࠺ࢱ࢖࣑

ࣥࢢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊከศ࡟ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ᑐ㠃ࢆ⧋ࡗࡓほࡀྰࡵ࡞࠸ࠋ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊᅜ㝿ⓗᑐ㠃ࡸእᅽࡣࠊ

ࣥࢢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊከศ࡟ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ᑐ㠃ࢆ⧋ࡗࡓほࡀྰࡵ࡞࠸ࠋ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊᅜ㝿ⓗᑐ㠃ࡸእᅽࡣࠊ

ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡶࡋࡤࡋࡤ᪥ᮏ࡟๓㐍ࡢࢳࣕࣥࢫࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ᮶ࡿ࢜

ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡶࡋࡤࡋࡤ᪥ᮏ࡟๓㐍ࡢࢳࣕࣥࢫࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ᮶ࡿ࢜

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤ദࡇࡑࠊ᪥ᮏࡀከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ࠺࠼࡛༓㍕୍㐝ࡢᶵ఍࡜࡞ࡾ

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤ദࡇࡑࠊ᪥ᮏࡀከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ࠺࠼࡛༓㍕୍㐝ࡢᶵ఍࡜࡞ࡾ

ᚓࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ࿘▱ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ࣊࢖ࢺࢫࣆ࣮ࢳࡢၥ㢟ࢆࡣࡌࡵࠊ᪥ᮏࡢከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡟ࡣㄢ㢟ࡀᒣ✚ࡋᚓࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ࿘▱ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ࣊࢖ࢺࢫࣆ࣮ࢳࡢၥ㢟ࢆࡣࡌࡵࠊ᪥ᮏࡢከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡟ࡣㄢ㢟ࡀᒣ✚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋඛఫẸࢆࡵࡄࡿㄢ㢟࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊỴࡋ࡚࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡸ࢝ࢼࢲ࡟㝈ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ

࡚࠸ࡿࠋඛఫẸࢆࡵࡄࡿㄢ㢟࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊỴࡋ࡚࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡸ࢝ࢼࢲ࡟㝈ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ᪥ᮏྂ᮶ࡢࠕఏ⤫ࠖ࡜ࡳ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿⱁ⬟ࡸᩥ໬ࢆᾏእ࡟࢔ࣆ࣮ࣝࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᩥ ᪥ᮏྂ᮶ࡢࠕఏ⤫ࠖ࡜ࡳ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿⱁ⬟ࡸᩥ໬ࢆᾏእ࡟࢔ࣆ࣮ࣝࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᩥ

໬ࡸẸ᪘ࠊࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࠊ㞀ࡀ࠸➼ࢆࡵࡄࡿࠕࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ከᵝᛶࠖ࡟࡝࠺ྥࡁྜࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࡢ

໬ࡸẸ᪘ࠊࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࠊ㞀ࡀ࠸➼ࢆࡵࡄࡿࠕࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ከᵝᛶࠖ࡟࡝࠺ྥࡁྜࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࡢ

ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶୡ⏺࡬ࠊఱࡼࡾᅜෆࡢேࠎ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊᣮᡓⓗ࡛ㄝᚓⓗ࡞࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࡀᮾி኱఍ࡢሙ

ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶୡ⏺࡬ࠊఱࡼࡾᅜෆࡢேࠎ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊᣮᡓⓗ࡛ㄝᚓⓗ࡞࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࡀᮾி኱఍ࡢሙ

࡛Ⓨࡏࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᮇᚅࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

࡛Ⓨࡏࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᮇᚅࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ ௨ୖࠊ᫬㛫ⓗไ⣙࡟ࡼࡾࠊ㝈ࡽࢀࡓ㛤఍ᘧࡋ࠿ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊ௒ᅇࠊ࠶ࡽࡓ ௨ୖࠊ᫬㛫ⓗไ⣙࡟ࡼࡾࠊ㝈ࡽࢀࡓ㛤఍ᘧࡋ࠿ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊ௒ᅇࠊ࠶ࡽࡓ

ࡵ࡚ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡜㛢఍ᘧࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿᶵ఍ࢆᚓࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢⱁ

ࡵ࡚ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧ࡜㛢఍ᘧࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿᶵ఍ࢆᚓࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢⱁ

⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ㨩ຊࢆⓎぢࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊከᵝ࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽࡢㄞࡳゎࡁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ㨩ຊࢆⓎぢࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊከᵝ࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽࡢㄞࡳゎࡁ᪉ࡶྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊ㡢ᴦࠊࢲࣥࢫࠊࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫ࡞࡝ࡶ⯆࿡῝࠸◊✲ᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡾᚓࡿࠋࡇ࠺

᪉ࡶྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊ㡢ᴦࠊࢲࣥࢫࠊࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫ࡞࡝ࡶ⯆࿡῝࠸◊✲ᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡾᚓࡿࠋࡇ࠺

ࡋࡓ◊✲㛵ᚰࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ௒ᚋࡢᒎ㛤ࡶᮇࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

ࡋࡓ◊✲㛵ᚰࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ௒ᚋࡢᒎ㛤ࡶᮇࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

㸨⏬ീࡣࡍ࡭࡚㹌㹆㹉ࡢᨺ㏦ᫎീ࠿ࡽ᧜ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

㸨⏬ീࡣࡍ࡭࡚㹌㹆㹉ࡢᨺ㏦ᫎീ࠿ࡽ᧜ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ


࣐࣮࢝ࣝࣥࠊ๓ᥖ᭩ࠊS


࣐࣮࢝ࣝࣥࠊ๓ᥖ᭩ࠊS





61

61





第 2 セッション討論

第 2 セッション討論㸦ᅵᒣᐿ⏨㸧 ᫬㛫ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿㉁ၥࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡀ᭱ᚋ࡟ゐࢀ㸦ᅵᒣᐿ⏨㸧 ᫬㛫ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿㉁ၥࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡀ᭱ᚋ࡟ゐࢀࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ ᖺࡢᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡝࠺࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ࡇ࠺࠸࠺ඹ⏕ࡢࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ ᖺࡢᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡝࠺࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ࡇ࠺࠸࠺ඹ⏕ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀሗ࿌࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࢸ࣮࣐࡟ἢࡗ࡚ࠊࢪ࢙ࣥ

ၥ㢟ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀሗ࿌࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࢸ࣮࣐࡟ἢࡗ࡚ࠊࢪ࢙ࣥ

ࢲ࣮ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣዪᛶࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ྵࡴ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟ࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵ

ࢲ࣮ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣዪᛶࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ྵࡴ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟ࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵ

ࢡ࡬ࡢ᪥ᮏࡢᑐᛂࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ఛ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᭱ึࡢ࠾஧᪉ࡣࠊ࡜ࡶ࡟Ṕྐᐙ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊᑗ᮶࡟ࡘ࠸

ࢡ࡬ࡢ᪥ᮏࡢᑐᛂࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ఛ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᭱ึࡢ࠾஧᪉ࡣࠊ࡜ࡶ࡟Ṕྐᐙ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊᑗ᮶࡟ࡘ࠸

࡚ࡢࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᬑẁࡣࡸࡗ࡚࠾ࡽࢀ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊ࠾イࡁࡋࡲ࡚ࡢࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᬑẁࡣࡸࡗ࡚࠾ࡽࢀ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊ࠾イࡁࡋࡲࡍࠋ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡶࠊࡶࡋࡉࡽ࡟ఱ࠿࠶ࢀࡤ࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࡀࠊࡲࡎࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇ࡜ࣇࣟࢫࢺࡉ

ࡍࠋ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡶࠊࡶࡋࡉࡽ࡟ఱ࠿࠶ࢀࡤ࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࡀࠊࡲࡎࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇ࡜ࣇࣟࢫࢺࡉ

ࢇࡢ࠾஧᪉࡟࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ

ࢇࡢ࠾஧᪉࡟࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ࣟࣅ࣭ࣥࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟㸧 ࡈ㉁ၥࡣዪᛶࡢ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࡢࡓࡵ࡟௒ᚋ᪥ᮏ࡟࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡇ

㸦ࣟࣅ࣭ࣥࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟㸧 ࡈ㉁ၥࡣዪᛶࡢ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࡢࡓࡵ࡟௒ᚋ᪥ᮏ࡟࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡇ

࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ⚾ࡣ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࠿ࡽぢ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡣᖖ࡟ዪᛶࡢཧຍࡀከ

࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ⚾ࡣ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࠿ࡽぢ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡣᖖ࡟ዪᛶࡢཧຍࡀከ

࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ឤᚰࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ◊✲ࢆጞࡵࡓ⌮⏤ࡶࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣዪᛶࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟✚ᴟⓗ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ឤᚰࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ◊✲ࢆጞࡵࡓ⌮⏤ࡶࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣዪᛶࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡟ཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆḢ⡿࡛ࡼࡃ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࢆ◊✲ᑐ㇟࡟ࡋ࡟ཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆḢ⡿࡛ࡼࡃ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࢆ◊✲ᑐ㇟࡟ࡋࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ  ᖺ࡟ዪᛶࡢࡔࢀࡀ㑅ᡭ࡜ࡋ࡚ฟࡿ࠿ࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡔࢀࡀฟࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡶ࠺‽ഛ  ᖺ࡟ዪᛶࡢࡔࢀࡀ㑅ᡭ࡜ࡋ࡚ฟࡿ࠿ࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡔࢀࡀฟࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡶ࠺‽ഛࡣᩚࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊዪᏊ㑅ᡭࡢᩘ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶࡶ࠺Ỵࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸

ࡣᩚࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊዪᏊ㑅ᡭࡢᩘ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶࡶ࠺Ỵࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸

࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋዪᛶࡢ࣮ࣟࣝࣔࢹࣝࡣ࠸ࡗࡥ࠸࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒ᅇᮾி࡟᮶࡚ࡲࡔ㸯᪥ࡋ࠿ࡓࡗ࡚

࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋዪᛶࡢ࣮ࣟࣝࣔࢹࣝࡣ࠸ࡗࡥ࠸࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒ᅇᮾி࡟᮶࡚ࡲࡔ㸯᪥ࡋ࠿ࡓࡗ࡚

ࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡶ࠺ࢸࣞࣅࢆぢ࡚ࡶࠊ⾤࡟ฟ࡚ࡶࠊὸ⏣┿ኸࡉࢇࡢᗈ࿌ࢆぢࡲࡋࡓࠊ኱ࡁ࡞ᐉఏ

ࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡶ࠺ࢸࣞࣅࢆぢ࡚ࡶࠊ⾤࡟ฟ࡚ࡶࠊὸ⏣┿ኸࡉࢇࡢᗈ࿌ࢆぢࡲࡋࡓࠊ኱ࡁ࡞ᐉఏ

ࡢ┳ᯈࡶฟ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㧗ᶫᑦᏊࡉࢇࡶฟ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᪥ᮏேࡢዪᛶ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺࡀࢥ࣐࣮ࢩ

ࡢ┳ᯈࡶฟ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㧗ᶫᑦᏊࡉࢇࡶฟ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᪥ᮏேࡢዪᛶ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺࡀࢥ࣐࣮ࢩ

ࣕࣝ࡟࠸ࡗࡥ࠸ฟ࡚ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡍࠋᐉఏࡸᗈ࿌ࡔࡅࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ࡝ࡇ࡟⾜ࡗ࡚ࡶᙼዪࡓࡕ

ࣕࣝ࡟࠸ࡗࡥ࠸ฟ࡚ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡍࠋᐉఏࡸᗈ࿌ࡔࡅࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ࡝ࡇ࡟⾜ࡗ࡚ࡶᙼዪࡓࡕ

ࡢࣉࣞࢮࣥࢫࡀឤࡌࡽࢀࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࠊᙼዪࡓࡕࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡸࢁ࠺࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢⱝ

ࡢࣉࣞࢮࣥࢫࡀឤࡌࡽࢀࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࠊᙼዪࡓࡕࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡸࢁ࠺࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢⱝ

࠸ዪࡢᏊࡓࡕ࡟኱ࡁ࡞࣮ࣟࣝࣔࢹࣝࡢᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠸ዪࡢᏊࡓࡕ࡟኱ࡁ࡞࣮ࣟࣝࣔࢹࣝࡢᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊୡ⏺ࢆᗈࡃぢΏࡋࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࢔ࢻ࣑ࢽࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢱ࣮ࡢ❧ሙ࡟❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿዪᛶࡢᩘࡣࡲࡔᑡ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊୡ⏺ࢆᗈࡃぢΏࡋࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࢔ࢻ࣑ࢽࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢱ࣮ࡢ❧ሙ࡟❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿዪᛶࡢᩘࡣࡲࡔᑡ

࡞࠸࡛ࡍࡡࠋ᪥ᮏࡶࡸࡣࡾࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࠋ࡯࠿ࡢᅜ࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡲࡔࡑࡢᩘࢆቑࡸࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࢇ

࡞࠸࡛ࡍࡡࠋ᪥ᮏࡶࡸࡣࡾࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࠋ࡯࠿ࡢᅜ࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡲࡔࡑࡢᩘࢆቑࡸࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࢇ

࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ┘╩ࡸᣦᑟ⪅ࡢഃ࡟❧ࡘዪᛶࡢᩘࡶࡲࡔቑ࠼ࡿవᆅࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸

࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ┘╩ࡸᣦᑟ⪅ࡢഃ࡟❧ࡘዪᛶࡢᩘࡶࡲࡔቑ࠼ࡿవᆅࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸

ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡲࡍࠋ

 ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊዪᛶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶᣦᑟ⪅ࠊ┘╩ࡀ⏨ᛶࡔࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡀከ࠸ࠋ๓࡟ㄪ࡭ࡓ࡜ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊዪᛶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶᣦᑟ⪅ࠊ┘╩ࡀ⏨ᛶࡔࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡀከ࠸ࠋ๓࡟ㄪ࡭ࡓ࡜

ࡁࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ➇ᢏࡢዪᛶࡢ┘╩࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࢯࣇࢺ࣮࣎ࣝ࡜࠿᪂య᧯࡜࠿ࢩࣥࢡࣟ࡜࠸ࡗ

ࡁࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ➇ᢏࡢዪᛶࡢ┘╩࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࢯࣇࢺ࣮࣎ࣝ࡜࠿᪂య᧯࡜࠿ࢩࣥࢡࣟ࡜࠸ࡗ

ࡓዪᛶ➇ᢏࡣዪᛶࡢᣦᑟ⪅࣭┘╩࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡢ᭷ྡ࡞ዪᛶࡢ㑅ᡭࢆᣦᑟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ

ࡓዪᛶ➇ᢏࡣዪᛶࡢᣦᑟ⪅࣭┘╩࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡢ᭷ྡ࡞ዪᛶࡢ㑅ᡭࢆᣦᑟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ

⏨ᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࠋࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ⏨ᛶࡢ➇ᢏࡢ࡯࠺ࡀྠࡌ➇ᢏ࡛ࡶඃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺࢖࣓࣮ࢪ

⏨ᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࠋࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ⏨ᛶࡢ➇ᢏࡢ࡯࠺ࡀྠࡌ➇ᢏ࡛ࡶඃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺࢖࣓࣮ࢪ

ࢆ୚࠼࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࢆ୚࠼࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡓࡔࠊࡇࢀࡣ≉࡟᪥ᮏࡔࡅࡢၥ㢟࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊṔྐⓗ࡟ぢࢀࡤ᪥ᮏࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜ゝ࠺ ࡓࡔࠊࡇࢀࡣ≉࡟᪥ᮏࡔࡅࡢၥ㢟࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊṔྐⓗ࡟ぢࢀࡤ᪥ᮏࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜ゝ࠺6262࡜ዪᛶࡢཧຍ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣ㐍ࢇࡔᅜࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡇ࡛ṌࡳࢆṆࡵ࡞࠸࡛ࠊ࡝ࢇ

࡜ዪᛶࡢཧຍ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣ㐍ࢇࡔᅜࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡇ࡛ṌࡳࢆṆࡵ࡞࠸࡛ࠊ࡝ࢇ

࡝ࢇඛ࡟㐍ࡵ࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡓ࠸ࠋ

࡝ࢇඛ࡟㐍ࡵ࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡓ࠸ࠋ

㸦ࢹࢽࢫ࣭ࣇࣟࢫࢺ㸧 ௒ࡢࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇࡢ࠾ヰ࡟୍ゝຍ࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊᐇ㝿࡟࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡣࣃ

㸦ࢹࢽࢫ࣭ࣇࣟࢫࢺ㸧 ௒ࡢࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇࡢ࠾ヰ࡟୍ゝຍ࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊᐇ㝿࡟࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡣࣃ

ࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆࡸࡿᶵ఍ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡛ࡶ㛤ദࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊሗ㐨࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࣜ

ࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆࡸࡿᶵ఍ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡛ࡶ㛤ദࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊሗ㐨࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࣜ

ࢧ࣮ࢳࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ୰࡛㦫࠸ࡓࡢࡣࠊ ᖺᮾி኱఍࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟ከࡃࡢሗ㐨ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ

ࢧ࣮ࢳࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ୰࡛㦫࠸ࡓࡢࡣࠊ ᖺᮾி኱఍࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟ከࡃࡢሗ㐨ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ

⚾ࡢண᝿௨ୖ࡛ࡋࡓࠋ

⚾ࡢண᝿௨ୖ࡛ࡋࡓࠋ ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࢆ᪥ᮏࡢእ࠿ࡽぢ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜᪥ᮏࡀ㐜ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ㄆ㆑ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࢆ᪥ᮏࡢእ࠿ࡽぢ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜᪥ᮏࡀ㐜ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ㄆ㆑ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ

ࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣᐇ㝿࡟ࡣࡑ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࡟␃ពࡋ࡚ࠊᮾி

ࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣᐇ㝿࡟ࡣࡑ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࡟␃ពࡋ࡚ࠊᮾிࡢ  ᖺ኱఍࡛ࡣࠊ
࢔ࢲࣉࢸ࢕ࣈࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽྲྀࡾ⤌ࡵࡿ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀ㸰ࡘ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࡢ  ᖺ኱఍࡛ࡣࠊ
࢔ࢲࣉࢸ࢕ࣈࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽྲྀࡾ⤌ࡵࡿ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀ㸰ࡘ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ

࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

 㸯ࡘࡣ࢔ࢡࢭࢧࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡇࢀࢆィ⏬ࡢ୰࡟ྲྀࡾ㎸ࡴࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ࢔ࢡࢭࢧࣅࣜࢸ࢕ 㸯ࡘࡣ࢔ࢡࢭࢧࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡇࢀࢆィ⏬ࡢ୰࡟ྲྀࡾ㎸ࡴࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ࢔ࢡࢭࢧࣅࣜࢸ࢕

ࡣࡲࡓࠊࣂࣜ࢔ࣇ࣮ࣜࡢ⎔ቃࢆࡘࡃࡿ㝿࡟ࠊ࢘࢕࣮ࣝࢳ࢙࢔ࡢேࡓࡕࡶ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࡛ࡁࡿᙧ࡟ࡍࡿࡢ

ࡣࡲࡓࠊࣂࣜ࢔ࣇ࣮ࣜࡢ⎔ቃࢆࡘࡃࡿ㝿࡟ࠊ࢘࢕࣮ࣝࢳ࢙࢔ࡢேࡓࡕࡶ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࡛ࡁࡿᙧ࡟ࡍࡿࡢ

࠿࡝࠺࠿࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ࣮࣎ࣝࡢ఍ሙ࡬ࡢ㟁㌴ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ࣮࣎ࣝࡢ఍ሙ࡬ࡢ㟁㌴ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࠋ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ఍ሙ࠿ࡽ࠿࡞ࡾ㐲࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࡟㥐ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡾࡋࡲࡍࠋᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞኱఍ࢫࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࠋ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ఍ሙ࠿ࡽ࠿࡞ࡾ㐲࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࡟㥐ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡾࡋࡲࡍࠋᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞኱఍ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ࢔ࢡࢭࢫྍ⬟࡞㟁㌴ࡢ㥐ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛ࡍࠋ࢚࣮ࣞ࣋ࢱ࣮࡬ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࡜࠸

ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ࢔ࢡࢭࢫྍ⬟࡞㟁㌴ࡢ㥐ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛ࡍࠋ࢚࣮ࣞ࣋ࢱ࣮࡬ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࡜࠸

࠺ၥ㢟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࡼࡃὀどࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋᮾி኱఍ࡣࡇ࠺࠸

࠺ၥ㢟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࡼࡃὀどࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋᮾி኱఍ࡣࡇ࠺࠸

࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆ࡚ࠊࡼࡃ㆟ㄽࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆ࡚ࠊࡼࡃ㆟ㄽࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡶ࠺㸯ࡘࡣࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࢢࣛࢫ࣮ࣝࢶࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᨭ᥼ࢆ࡝࠺ࡸࡗ࡚ᚓࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ࢚ ࡶ࠺㸯ࡘࡣࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࢢࣛࢫ࣮ࣝࢶࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᨭ᥼ࢆ࡝࠺ࡸࡗ࡚ᚓࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ࢚

࣮ࣜࢺࣞ࣋ࣝࡀὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞ㄢ㢟ࡣࠊ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿᏊ౪ࡓࡕྠᵝ࡟ࠊ࠶ࡿẁ㝵࡛࣮ࣜࢺࣞ࣋ࣝࡀὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞ㄢ㢟ࡣࠊ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿᏊ౪ࡓࡕྠᵝ࡟ࠊ࠶ࡿẁ㝵࡛㞀ᐖࢆࡶࡗࡓᏊ౪ࡓࡕ࡟ࡶࠊ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࢳࣕࣥࢫࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࠊࢢࣛࢫࣝ

㞀ᐖࢆࡶࡗࡓᏊ౪ࡓࡕ࡟ࡶࠊ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࢳࣕࣥࢫࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࠊࢢࣛࢫࣝ

࣮ࢶࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ヰࢆ᥀ࡾୗࡆ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࣮ࢶࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ヰࢆ᥀ࡾୗࡆ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓព࿡࡛ࡼ࠸ᶵ఍࡛ࠊ௒࠾ヰࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆࣉࢵࢩ࡛ࣗࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓព࿡࡛ࡼ࠸ᶵ఍࡛ࠊ௒࠾ヰࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆࣉࢵࢩ࡛ࣗࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸

࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡀࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞ᡃࠎࡢ┠ᶆ࡛ࡍࠋ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺ࡟ࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇᅜ㝿࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡋࡗ࠿ࡾ

࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡀࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞ᡃࠎࡢ┠ᶆ࡛ࡍࠋ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺ࡟ࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇᅜ㝿࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡋࡗ࠿ࡾ

࡜ࡋࡓࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢆࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡛ࡍࡀࠊྠ᫬࡟ࡼࡾከࡃࡢேࡓࡕ࡟ࡼࡾከࡃࡢࢳࣕࣥࢫࢆࡘࡃ

࡜ࡋࡓࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢆࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡛ࡍࡀࠊྠ᫬࡟ࡼࡾከࡃࡢேࡓࡕ࡟ࡼࡾከࡃࡢࢳࣕࣥࢫࢆࡘࡃ

ࡗ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸ࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿᶵ఍࡛ࡍࠋ⸨⏣ඛ⏕ࡢ࠾ヰ࡟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ຾ࡘࡇ࡜ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ

ࡗ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸ࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿᶵ఍࡛ࡍࠋ⸨⏣ඛ⏕ࡢ࠾ヰ࡟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ຾ࡘࡇ࡜ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ

࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞࡯࠿ࡢ⌮⏤ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋேࠎ࡟ᶵ఍ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࡔ࡜⪃࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞࡯࠿ࡢ⌮⏤ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋேࠎ࡟ᶵ఍ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࡔ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ᅵᒣ㸧 㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡣఱ࠿ࡘࡅຍ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ

㸦ᅵᒣ㸧 㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡣఱ࠿ࡘࡅຍ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ

㸦㣤➲బ௦Ꮚ㸧 㟷ᮌඛ⏕࠿ࡽࡶࡈᥦ᱌ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣝࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ

㸦㣤➲బ௦Ꮚ㸧 㟷ᮌඛ⏕࠿ࡽࡶࡈᥦ᱌ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢝ࣝࢳࣗࣛࣝࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ

ࢆ┒኱࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡋࠊ
ࡑࡢ୰࡛ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ከᵝᛶࢆ࢔ࣆ࣮ࣝࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
ࢆ┒኱࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡋࠊ
ࡑࡢ୰࡛ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ከᵝᛶࢆ࢔ࣆ࣮ࣝࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᅵᒣ㸧  ᖺࡢᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ᮇᚅࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ

㸦ᅵᒣ㸧  ᖺࡢᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ᮇᚅࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ

࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࡝࠺࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸳ᖺࡢ࠺ࡕ࡟㆟ㄽࡋ࡞ࡅ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࡝࠺࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸳ᖺࡢ࠺ࡕ࡟㆟ㄽࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶྵࡵࡲࡋ࡚ࠊḟࡢ➨㸱ࢭࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡈ㆟ㄽࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ

ࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶྵࡵࡲࡋ࡚ࠊḟࡢ➨㸱ࢭࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡈ㆟ㄽࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ

࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࡇࢀ࡛➨㸰ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆ⤊ࢃࡽࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡶࠊ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ

63ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࡇࢀ࡛➨㸰ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆ⤊ࢃࡽࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡶࠊ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ

63





第 3 セッション

第 3 セッション

総合討論「2020 年東京オリンピック・
パラリンピックへの提言」

総合討論「2020 年東京オリンピック・
パラリンピックへの提言」

㸦ᑠ಴࿴ኵ㸧 ࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺࡢ᪉ࠎࡢ࠾チࡋࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢹ࢕࣮࣋ࢺࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࠿ࡽᑡࡋእ

㸦ᑠ಴࿴ኵ㸧 ࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺࡢ᪉ࠎࡢ࠾チࡋࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢹ࢕࣮࣋ࢺࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࠿ࡽᑡࡋእ

ࢀ࡚㉁ၥࡋࡓ࠸ࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡟ࡘࡁࡶࡢࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࠿ࡽእࢀࡲࡋ࡚ࠊⓙࡉࢇࡦ

ࢀ࡚㉁ၥࡋࡓ࠸ࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡟ࡘࡁࡶࡢࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࠿ࡽእࢀࡲࡋ࡚ࠊⓙࡉࢇࡦ࡜ࡾࡦ࡜ࡾ࡟ಶูࡢ㉁ၥࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࡑࡢ㉁ၥ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࡯࠿ࡢࣃࢿ

࡜ࡾࡦ࡜ࡾ࡟ಶูࡢ㉁ၥࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࡑࡢ㉁ၥ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࡯࠿ࡢࣃࢿ

ࣜࢫࢺࡢ᪉࠿ࡽ࠾⟅࠼࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡇ࡜ࡶᵓ࠸ࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ୍ᛂࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺࡢඛ⏕࡟ಶࣜࢫࢺࡢ᪉࠿ࡽ࠾⟅࠼࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡇ࡜ࡶᵓ࠸ࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ୍ᛂࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺࡢඛ⏕࡟ಶ

ู࡟㉁ၥࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࡜࠸࠺ᙧࢆ࡜ࡽࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ

ู࡟㉁ၥࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࡜࠸࠺ᙧࢆ࡜ࡽࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ ࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇ࡟ࡣࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟࠾࠸࡚㹊㹅㹀㹒ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ࡝࠺⪃࠼ ࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇ࡟ࡣࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟࠾࠸࡚㹊㹅㹀㹒ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ࡝࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡜ࠊࢩࣥࢡࣟࢼ࢖ࢬࢻࢫ࢖࣑ࣥࢢࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ௒ࡲ࡛ዪᛶࡀ⏨ᛶࡢ࡯࠺࡟ධࡿ࡜࠸

ࡿ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡜ࠊࢩࣥࢡࣟࢼ࢖ࢬࢻࢫ࢖࣑ࣥࢢࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ௒ࡲ࡛ዪᛶࡀ⏨ᛶࡢ࡯࠺࡟ධࡿ࡜࠸

࠺ヰࢆࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇࡣゝࡗ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ⏨ࡀዪࡢࢤ࣮࣒࡟ධࡿ࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࠺ヰࢆࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇࡣゝࡗ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ⏨ࡀዪࡢࢤ࣮࣒࡟ධࡿ࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࡝࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࠿ࠋࡇࡢ㸰Ⅼࢆࠊࡇࢀࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ࡉࢇࡸ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾⟅࠼࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࡝࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࠿ࠋࡇࡢ㸰Ⅼࢆࠊࡇࢀࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ࡉࢇࡸ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾⟅࠼࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇࡀ࠾ヰ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ࡉࢇࡀ࠾ヰ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡲࡎࠊ≉࡟㉁ၥࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡲࡎࠊ≉࡟㉁ၥࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࡀࡇࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡲ ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥࡀࡇࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟࠸ࢁࢇ࡞㞀ᐖࡢேࢆ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢻࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦ࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛

ࡍ࡜ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟࠸ࢁࢇ࡞㞀ᐖࡢேࢆ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢻࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦ࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛

ࡍࡡࠋ౛࠼ࡤ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢཧຍࢆࡶࡗ࡜ቑࡸࡍ࡜࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⢭⚄㞀ᐖ⪅ࡣ࡝࠺࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࢁ࠺

ࡍࡡࠋ౛࠼ࡤ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢཧຍࢆࡶࡗ࡜ቑࡸࡍ࡜࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⢭⚄㞀ᐖ⪅ࡣ࡝࠺࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࢁ࠺

࠶⪅ࠊࡘࡲࡾࢹࣇࡢேࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿ࠿࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇ௒ࡲ࡛ࡣࢹࣇࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫࡣู࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲ

࠶⪅ࠊࡘࡲࡾࢹࣇࡢேࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿ࠿࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇ௒ࡲ࡛ࡣࢹࣇࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫࡣู࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲ

ࡍࡀࠊ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࠊ࢚࢟ࢩࣅࢪࣙࣥࢤ࣮࣒࡜࠿ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ධࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࡿࠋ

ࡍࡀࠊ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࠊ࢚࢟ࢩࣅࢪࣙࣥࢤ࣮࣒࡜࠿ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ධࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࡿࠋ ࡑ࠺࠸࠺㞀ᐖ⪅ࡑࡢࡶࡢࡢ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢၥ㢟 ࡑ࠺࠸࠺㞀ᐖ⪅ࡑࡢࡶࡢࡢ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢၥ㢟ࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡯࠿ࡢ᪉ࡶࠊࡈពぢࡀ࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽゝࡗࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡯࠿ࡢ᪉ࡶࠊࡈពぢࡀ࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ

࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ ⸨⏣ඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊ௒ࡢࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜࢚࣮ࣜࢺࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ໬ࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜 ⸨⏣ඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊ௒ࡢࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜࢚࣮ࣜࢺࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ໬ࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜࠸㞀ᐖࡢ᪉ࡣẁࠎཧຍ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡇࡢ≧ែࢆ࡝࠺ᨵၿࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ

࠸㞀ᐖࡢ᪉ࡣẁࠎཧຍ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡇࡢ≧ែࢆ࡝࠺ᨵၿࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ

ࡇࢀ࡛࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ㔜࠸㞀ᐖࡢ᪉ࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜ࠊ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶ௒ࡢࡼ

ࡇࢀ࡛࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ㔜࠸㞀ᐖࡢ᪉ࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜ࠊ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶ௒ࡢࡼ

࠺࡞ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ࢚࣮ࣜࢺࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ໬࡟కࡗ࡚ཧຍ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢၥ㢟ࢆ࡝࠺࠺࡞ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ࢚࣮ࣜࢺࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ໬࡟కࡗ࡚ཧຍ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢၥ㢟ࢆ࡝࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࠿࡜࠸ࡗࡓⅬࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸ࢃࡅ࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

⪃࠼ࡿ࠿࡜࠸ࡗࡓⅬࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸ࢃࡅ࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊࣇࣟࢫࢺඛ⏕ࡣࠊࣉࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ୰࡛ࣇ࢙ࢫࣆࢵࢡࡢヰ࡟ゐࢀࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊࣇࣟࢫࢺඛ⏕ࡣࠊࣉࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ୰࡛ࣇ࢙ࢫࣆࢵࢡࡢヰ࡟ゐࢀࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ

ࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡞࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡛ࡍࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ㛤࠿ࢀࡿࠊࡋ࠿ࡶ㸰ᗘ┠࡟㛤࠿ࢀࡿ࡜ࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡞࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡛ࡍࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ㛤࠿ࢀࡿࠊࡋ࠿ࡶ㸰ᗘ┠࡟㛤࠿ࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ࢔ࢪ࢔࡟ᗈࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ

࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ࢔ࢪ࢔࡟ᗈࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ

࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡀ࡞ࡐ኱஦࠿࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔࡜࠿ࣛ࢜ࢫ࡜࠿ࠊ⚾ࡣከࡃࡢᅜࡢᡂ⦼ࢆㄪ

࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡀ࡞ࡐ኱஦࠿࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔࡜࠿ࣛ࢜ࢫ࡜࠿ࠊ⚾ࡣከࡃࡢᅜࡢᡂ⦼ࢆㄪ

࡭࡚ࡳࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟༑ศཧຍࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᅜࡀ࢔ࢪ࢔࡟ࡣࡲࡔࡓࡃࡉࢇ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

࡭࡚ࡳࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟༑ศཧຍࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᅜࡀ࢔ࢪ࢔࡟ࡣࡲࡔࡓࡃࡉࢇ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

64

64ࡓ࡜࠼ཧຍࡣࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࡶࠊ࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡗ࡚࡞࠸ᅜࡀከ࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛࢔ࢪ࢔࡟࠾࠸࡚ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㐠ࡓ࡜࠼ཧຍࡣࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࡶࠊ࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡗ࡚࡞࠸ᅜࡀከ࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛࢔ࢪ࢔࡟࠾࠸࡚ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㐠ືࢆ᣺⯆ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࢆᮾி  ᖺࡀ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟ࡘືࢆ᣺⯆ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࢆᮾி  ᖺࡀ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࣇࣟࢫࢺࡉࢇࡀ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾⪃࠼࠿ࠊࡕࡻࡗ࡜࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

࠸࡚ࠊࣇࣟࢫࢺࡉࢇࡀ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾⪃࠼࠿ࠊࡕࡻࡗ࡜࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊᒣཱྀඛ⏕࡟ࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡶࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠊከࡃࡢ໭ிࠊ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊᒣཱྀඛ⏕࡟ࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡶࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠊከࡃࡢ໭ிࠊ

ࣟࣥࢻࣥ࡟ཧຍࡋࡓᅜࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ࣓ࢲࣝࡀྲྀࢀࡓᅜࡣ࡯ࡰ༙ศࠊ㔠࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࢀࡓᅜࡣཧຍᅜࡢ࠺ࡕ

ࣟࣥࢻࣥ࡟ཧຍࡋࡓᅜࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ࣓ࢲࣝࡀྲྀࢀࡓᅜࡣ࡯ࡰ༙ศࠊ㔠࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࢀࡓᅜࡣཧຍᅜࡢ࠺ࡕ

ࡢ࡯ࡰ㸲ศࡢ㸯࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊ࣓ࢲࣝࡶྲྀࢀ࡞࠸ࡲࡋ࡚ࡸ㔠࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࢀ࡞࠸ᅜࡀࡓࡃࡉࢇ

ࡢ࡯ࡰ㸲ศࡢ㸯࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊ࣓ࢲࣝࡶྲྀࢀ࡞࠸ࡲࡋ࡚ࡸ㔠࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࢀ࡞࠸ᅜࡀࡓࡃࡉࢇ

࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ែࢆᨺ⨨ࡋ࡚࠸࡚࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ᪥ᮏࡣࠊ࠶

࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ែࢆᨺ⨨ࡋ࡚࠸࡚࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ᪥ᮏࡣࠊ࠶

ࡿ࠸ࡣ࡯࠿ࡢᅜࠎࡶ୍⥴࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡸࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛௒ࡲ࡛࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ

ࡿ࠸ࡣ࡯࠿ࡢᅜࠎࡶ୍⥴࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡸࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛௒ࡲ࡛࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ

ேࠎ࡟࣓ࢲࣝࡀྲྀࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦ࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ

ேࠎ࡟࣓ࢲࣝࡀྲྀࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦ࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ

ࡇࡢⅬࢆ࡝࠺⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࠿ࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔࡛ࡢࡈ⤒㦂ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

ࡇࡢⅬࢆ࡝࠺⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࠿ࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔࡛ࡢࡈ⤒㦂ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ 㟷ᮌඛ⏕࡟ࡏࡗ࠿ࡃ࠾㉺ࡋ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡉࡗࡁ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡀከᵝᛶ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࢃࢀࡲ 㟷ᮌඛ⏕࡟ࡏࡗ࠿ࡃ࠾㉺ࡋ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡉࡗࡁ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡀከᵝᛶ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ᪥ᮏࡢከᵝᛶࡶࡉࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡀࡽࠊᮾிࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ከᵝ໬ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ᩥ໬ⓗ࡟ࡶከᵝ໬ࡋࡓ㒔ᕷࡋࡓࡀࠊ᪥ᮏࡢከᵝᛶࡶࡉࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡀࡽࠊᮾிࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ከᵝ໬ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ᩥ໬ⓗ࡟ࡶከᵝ໬ࡋࡓ㒔ᕷࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆᶵ఍࡟ࠊᮾிࡢᣢࡘ㨩ຊࠊᩥ໬ⓗ㨩ຊ࡛ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆᶵ఍࡟ࠊᮾிࡢᣢࡘ㨩ຊࠊᩥ໬ⓗ㨩ຊ࡛ࡍࡡࠊࡑࢀࢆ࠺ࡲࡃୡ⏺࡟♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞Ẽࡀ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢⅬࠊᮾிࡍࡡࠊࡑࢀࢆ࠺ࡲࡃୡ⏺࡟♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞Ẽࡀ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢⅬࠊᮾி

⮬㌟ࡢᩥ໬ⓗከᵝᛶ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㟷ᮌඛ⏕ࡣ࠾⪃࠼࠿࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ

⮬㌟ࡢᩥ໬ⓗከᵝᛶ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㟷ᮌඛ⏕ࡣ࠾⪃࠼࠿࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ ᅵᒣඛ⏕࡟ࡶ㉁ၥࡋࡓ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᅵᒣඛ⏕ࡈ⮬㌟࠿ࡽࡈ㉁ၥࡀ࠶ࡿࡑ࠺࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ ᅵᒣඛ⏕࡟ࡶ㉁ၥࡋࡓ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᅵᒣඛ⏕ࡈ⮬㌟࠿ࡽࡈ㉁ၥࡀ࠶ࡿࡑ࠺࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ

ᅵᒣඛ⏕ࡢࡲࡎࡈ㉁ၥࢆඛ࡟ࠋ

ᅵᒣඛ⏕ࡢࡲࡎࡈ㉁ၥࢆඛ࡟ࠋ

㸦ᅵᒣᐿ⏨㸧 ⚾ࡶࠊ㟷ᮌඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᩥ໬࡜ከᵝᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ㸯ࡘࡣࠊ᫖㸦ᅵᒣᐿ⏨㸧 ⚾ࡶࠊ㟷ᮌඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᩥ໬࡜ከᵝᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ㸯ࡘࡣࠊ᫖᪥ࡓࡲࡓࡲࠗୡ⏺࠘࡜࠸࠺㞧ㄅࡀฟࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࠕ⌮ᛕ࡞ࡁᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡸࡸཝ

᪥ࡓࡲࡓࡲࠗୡ⏺࠘࡜࠸࠺㞧ㄅࡀฟࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࠕ⌮ᛕ࡞ࡁᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡸࡸཝ

ࡋ࠸≉㞟ࢆ⤌ࢇ࡛࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ⚾ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶࠕ⌮ᛕ࡞ࡁᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠖ࡟᭩࠸࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡿ᪉ࠎ࡟

ࡋ࠸≉㞟ࢆ⤌ࢇ࡛࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ⚾ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶࠕ⌮ᛕ࡞ࡁᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠖ࡟᭩࠸࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡿ᪉ࠎ࡟

㈶ᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢ㛫ࡢ᪂ᅜ❧➇ᢏሙ࡜࠿࢚ࣥࣈ࣒ࣞࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡾ㈶ᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢ㛫ࡢ᪂ᅜ❧➇ᢏሙ࡜࠿࢚ࣥࣈ࣒ࣞࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊᅜẸࡢ୰࡟ࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺␲ၥࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊᅜẸࡢ୰࡟ࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺␲ၥࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏࡀ  ᖺ࡟ᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ㛤ദࡍࡿ࡟ᙜࡓࡗ࡚ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ከᵝ ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏࡀ  ᖺ࡟ᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ㛤ദࡍࡿ࡟ᙜࡓࡗ࡚ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ከᵝᛶࢆಁ㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡼࡾලయⓗ࡟ࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡟ࡍ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠿ࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ᅜ

ᛶࢆಁ㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡼࡾලయⓗ࡟ࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡟ࡍ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠿ࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ᅜ

Ẹࡢඹឤࢆᚓࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾᚲせࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲ

Ẹࡢඹឤࢆᚓࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾᚲせࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲ

せࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

せࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ ⚾ࠊඛ࡯࡝ࡢ୍␒ึࡵࡢᣵᣜࡢ୰࡛⟽᰿㥐ఏࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ⏦ࡋࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊẖᖺྠࡌࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ ⚾ࠊඛ࡯࡝ࡢ୍␒ึࡵࡢᣵᣜࡢ୰࡛⟽᰿㥐ఏࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ⏦ࡋࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊẖᖺྠࡌࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ

ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ⟽᰿ࡲ࡛⾜ࡗ࡚ᖐࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊẖᖺࠊ㥐ఏࡣ㐪࠸ࡲࡍࠋẖᖺࢫࢺ࣮ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ⟽᰿ࡲ࡛⾜ࡗ࡚ᖐࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊẖᖺࠊ㥐ఏࡣ㐪࠸ࡲࡍࠋẖᖺࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜࡶࠊࢻ࣐ࣛࡶ㐪࠸ࡲࡍࠋฟࡿ኱Ꮫࡸ㑅ᡭࡀㄡ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡸࡗࡥࡾ㐪࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ

࣮ࣜࡶࠊࢻ࣐ࣛࡶ㐪࠸ࡲࡍࠋฟࡿ኱Ꮫࡸ㑅ᡭࡀㄡ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡸࡗࡥࡾ㐪࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ

࠿ࡽࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢᏛ⏕ࡀ㉮ࡿࡢ࡜ࠊ࡯࠿ࡢ኱Ꮫࡀ㉮ࡿࡢ࡜࡛ࡣྠࡌ⟽᰿㥐ఏ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾ㐪࠿ࡽࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡢᏛ⏕ࡀ㉮ࡿࡢ࡜ࠊ࡯࠿ࡢ኱Ꮫࡀ㉮ࡿࡢ࡜࡛ࡣྠࡌ⟽᰿㥐ఏ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾ㐪࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ ⚾ࡀ኱ᡭ⏫࡟ᛂ᥼࡟⾜ࡃࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ࠿ࢀࡇࢀ  ᖺ࡯࡝࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢᩘᖺࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ ⚾ࡀ኱ᡭ⏫࡟ᛂ᥼࡟⾜ࡃࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ࠿ࢀࡇࢀ  ᖺ࡯࡝࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢᩘᖺࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔ࡀ࠶ࡑࡇ࡟ฟࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋ࡚࠿ࡽࠊᛂ᥼ࡍࡿேࡢឤࡌ࡛ࡶఱ࡛ࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟ኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ

㝔ࡀ࠶ࡑࡇ࡟ฟࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋ࡚࠿ࡽࠊᛂ᥼ࡍࡿேࡢឤࡌ࡛ࡶఱ࡛ࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟ኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡶྠᵝ࡛ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ࡝ࡇ࡛ࡸࡗ࡚ࡶྠࡌࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣỴࡋ࡚࡞࠸ࠋᮾ ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡶྠᵝ࡛ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ࡝ࡇ࡛ࡸࡗ࡚ࡶྠࡌࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣỴࡋ࡚࡞࠸ࠋᮾ

ி࡛ࡸࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡝࠺࠸࠺࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡝࠺࠸࠺

ி࡛ࡸࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡝࠺࠸࠺࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡝࠺࠸࠺

ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊⓙࡉࢇࡑࢀࡒࢀ࠾⪃࠼࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊᑠ಴ඛ⏕ࡸ㟷ᮌࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊⓙࡉࢇࡑࢀࡒࢀ࠾⪃࠼࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊᑠ಴ඛ⏕ࡸ㟷ᮌ6565ඛ⏕ࡀࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᗈࡃ࠾⪃࠼࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊఱ࠿ࡈពぢࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡅ

ඛ⏕ࡀࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᗈࡃ࠾⪃࠼࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊఱ࠿ࡈពぢࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡅ

ࢀࡤ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࢀࡤ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊ㟷ᮌඛ⏕࠿ࡽ࡝࠺ࡒࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊ㟷ᮌඛ⏕࠿ࡽ࡝࠺ࡒࠋ

㸦㟷ᮌಖ㸧 ࡜ࡶ࠿ࡃࠊᮾி࡯࡝ୡ⏺ࡢ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞㣗஦ࢆࠊᩱ⌮ࢆ㣗࡭࡚ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ᪥

㸦㟷ᮌಖ㸧 ࡜ࡶ࠿ࡃࠊᮾி࡯࡝ୡ⏺ࡢ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞㣗஦ࢆࠊᩱ⌮ࢆ㣗࡭࡚ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ᪥

ᮏே࡯࡝ࠊ౛࠼ࡤᮅࠊࢡࣟ࣡ࢵࢧࣥ࡜࠿࢝ࣇ࢙࡜࠸࠺ேࡶ࠸ࡿࡋࠊᮅࡣఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ሷࡌࡷࡅ࡜ࡳࡑỒᮏே࡯࡝ࠊ౛࠼ࡤᮅࠊࢡࣟ࣡ࢵࢧࣥ࡜࠿࢝ࣇ࢙࡜࠸࠺ேࡶ࠸ࡿࡋࠊᮅࡣఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ሷࡌࡷࡅ࡜ࡳࡑỒ࡜ఱ࡜࠿࡜࠸࠺ேࡶ࠸ࡿࡋࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࡶࡕࢁࢇ㣗࡭࡞࠸ேࡶ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᫨ࡣ୰⳹࡛ࠊ༗ᚋࡣఱ࠿ࠊࢸ

࡜ఱ࡜࠿࡜࠸࠺ேࡶ࠸ࡿࡋࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࡶࡕࢁࢇ㣗࡭࡞࠸ேࡶ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᫨ࡣ୰⳹࡛ࠊ༗ᚋࡣఱ࠿ࠊࢸ

࢕࣮ఱ࡜࠿࡜࠿࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽኪࡣࣇࣞࣥࢳ࡜࠿ࠋ࡜ࡶ࠿ࡃࠊࡇࢇ࡞࡟࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࡶࡢ㣗࡭࡚ࡿ࡜࢕࣮ఱ࡜࠿࡜࠿࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽኪࡣࣇࣞࣥࢳ࡜࠿ࠋ࡜ࡶ࠿ࡃࠊࡇࢇ࡞࡟࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࡶࡢ㣗࡭࡚ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡗ࡚ࠊ௒ࠊୡ⏺࡛࡝ࡇ࡟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡼࠋ໭ி࡟⾜ࡗࡓࡗ࡚ࠊࢯ࢘ࣝ⾜ࡗࡓࡗ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࢽ

ࡇࢁࡗ࡚ࠊ௒ࠊୡ⏺࡛࡝ࡇ࡟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡼࠋ໭ி࡟⾜ࡗࡓࡗ࡚ࠊࢯ࢘ࣝ⾜ࡗࡓࡗ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࢽ

࣮࣮ࣗࣚࢡ⾜ࡗࡓࡗ࡚ࠊேࡓࡕࡢ㣗࡭ࡿ㣗஦ࡗ࡚ࠊ⤖ᵓ୍ᵝ໬ࡋ࡚ࡲࡍࠋࣃࣜ࡟⾜ࡗࡓࡗ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁ

࣮࣮ࣗࣚࢡ⾜ࡗࡓࡗ࡚ࠊேࡓࡕࡢ㣗࡭ࡿ㣗஦ࡗ࡚ࠊ⤖ᵓ୍ᵝ໬ࡋ࡚ࡲࡍࠋࣃࣜ࡟⾜ࡗࡓࡗ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁ

ࢇ࡞ᩱ⌮ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡼࠊከᩥ໬㒔ᕷ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ୍⯡ࡢࣇࣛࣥࢫேࡀᮅ࠿ࡽᮾிࡢ᪥ᮏேࡢ

ࢇ࡞ᩱ⌮ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡼࠊከᩥ໬㒔ᕷ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ୍⯡ࡢࣇࣛࣥࢫேࡀᮅ࠿ࡽᮾிࡢ᪥ᮏேࡢ

ࡼ࠺࡟࠸ࢁࢇ࡞≀㣗࡭࡚ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ඲ࡃ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ

ࡼ࠺࡟࠸ࢁࢇ࡞≀㣗࡭࡚ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ඲ࡃ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ ࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࡣࠊࣇ࢓ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡶࠊ࠶ࡽࡺࡿࣇ࢓ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡀධࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢሙྜࡣࠊࡳࢇ࡞ ࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࡣࠊࣇ࢓ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡶࠊ࠶ࡽࡺࡿࣇ࢓ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡀධࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢሙྜࡣࠊࡳࢇ࡞

຾ᡭ࡟╔࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ☜࠿࡟ࢧ࣮࣐ࣛࣜࣥࡢ᭹⿦࡞ࢇ࡚ࡢࡣࡳࢇ࡞ྠࡌࡔ࡜࠸࠺᫬௦ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡅ

຾ᡭ࡟╔࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ☜࠿࡟ࢧ࣮࣐ࣛࣜࣥࡢ᭹⿦࡞ࢇ࡚ࡢࡣࡳࢇ࡞ྠࡌࡔ࡜࠸࠺᫬௦ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡅ

࡝ࠊ᭹⿦࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊఱ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡾ࡛ࡍࠊࡇࢇ࡞࡟࠾ࡶࡋࢁ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡣ᪥ᮏࡢ࡯࠿࡟࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍ

࡝ࠊ᭹⿦࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊఱ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡾ࡛ࡍࠊࡇࢇ࡞࡟࠾ࡶࡋࢁ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡣ᪥ᮏࡢ࡯࠿࡟࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍ

ࡡࠋ

ࡡࠋ

 ࡶࡕࢁࢇྂࡃ࠿ࡽࡶࡑ࠺࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠊ࡜ࡃ࡟㏆௦᪥ᮏࢆࡘࡃࡿሙྜࠊୡ⏺ࡢ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞࠸࠸࡜ࡇ ࡶࡕࢁࢇྂࡃ࠿ࡽࡶࡑ࠺࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠊ࡜ࡃ࡟㏆௦᪥ᮏࢆࡘࡃࡿሙྜࠊୡ⏺ࡢ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞࠸࠸࡜ࡇ

ࢁࠊ᪥ᮏேࡀ࠸࠸࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡶࡢࢆ඲㒊ྲྀࡾධࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊ຾ᡭ࡟⮬ศࡓࡕࡢᩥ໬ࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚ࠊࡋ࠿ࡶ

ࢁࠊ᪥ᮏேࡀ࠸࠸࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡶࡢࢆ඲㒊ྲྀࡾධࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊ຾ᡭ࡟⮬ศࡓࡕࡢᩥ໬ࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚ࠊࡋ࠿ࡶ

᪥ᮏ㣗ࡔ࡜࠿࿴㣗ࡔ࡜࠿ゝ࠸࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ఏ⤫ࡶṧࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡸࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣୡ

᪥ᮏ㣗ࡔ࡜࠿࿴㣗ࡔ࡜࠿ゝ࠸࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ఏ⤫ࡶṧࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡸࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣୡ

⏺࡛࡯࠿࡟࡝ࡇ࡟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ

⏺࡛࡯࠿࡟࡝ࡇ࡟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊၥ㢟ࡣࠊඛ࡯࡝࠿ࡽ㆟ㄽ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡇࢀࡣከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊၥ㢟ࡣࠊඛ࡯࡝࠿ࡽ㆟ㄽ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡇࢀࡣከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ

࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ᪥ᮏேࡢ㊃࿡࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠋࡔࡅ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࡢఱ࡛ࡶ㣗࡭ࡿࠊఱ࡛ࡶ╔࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ᪥ᮏேࡢ㊃࿡࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠋࡔࡅ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࡢఱ࡛ࡶ㣗࡭ࡿࠊఱ࡛ࡶ╔ࡿ࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁࢆࡶࡗ࡜࠺ࡲࡃ⾲⌧࡛ࡁࡿሙ࡟ࠊඛ࡯࡝ࡢ㣤➲ࡉࢇࡢ㛤఍ᘧࡢศᯒࡣࡍࡈࡃ࠾ࡶࡋ

ࡿ࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁࢆࡶࡗ࡜࠺ࡲࡃ⾲⌧࡛ࡁࡿሙ࡟ࠊඛ࡯࡝ࡢ㣤➲ࡉࢇࡢ㛤఍ᘧࡢศᯒࡣࡍࡈࡃ࠾ࡶࡋ

ࢁ࠿ࡗࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࠶࠶࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ࡶࡗ࡜࠺ࡲࡃఱ࠿⏕࠿ࡏ࡞࠸࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࢁ࠿ࡗࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࠶࠶࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ࡶࡗ࡜࠺ࡲࡃఱ࠿⏕࠿ࡏ࡞࠸࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡓࡔࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ♫఍ࡗ࡚ࠊே㛫࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࡸࡗࡥࡾᕪูࡍࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊఱ࡛ࡶ㣗࡭ࡿࢇ ࡓࡔࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ♫఍ࡗ࡚ࠊே㛫࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࡸࡗࡥࡾᕪูࡍࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊఱ࡛ࡶ㣗࡭ࡿࢇࡔࡅ࡝ࡶࠊࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ᩱ⌮ࡀ᮶ࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࡢேࡀ᪥ᮏ࡟ධࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡽࠊᙼࡽࢆࡕࡷࢇ࡜㐝ࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺

ࡔࡅ࡝ࡶࠊࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ᩱ⌮ࡀ᮶ࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࡢேࡀ᪥ᮏ࡟ධࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡽࠊᙼࡽࢆࡕࡷࢇ࡜㐝ࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺

࡜ࠊࡑࡇ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸㠃ࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿࠋࡑࡢ㎶ࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡟ࢲࣈࣝࢫࢱࣥࢲ࣮ࢻࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ

࡜ࠊࡑࡇ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸㠃ࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿࠋࡑࡢ㎶ࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡟ࢲࣈࣝࢫࢱࣥࢲ࣮ࢻࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ

࡛ࠊࡑࢀࢆ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ୍␒኱ࡁ࡞ㄢ㢟࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡛ࠊࡑࢀࢆ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ୍␒኱ࡁ࡞ㄢ㢟࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡓࡔࠊవࡾ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜㦁ࡂ㐣ࡂࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊᙜ↛ᡃࠎ ࡓࡔࠊవࡾ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜㦁ࡂ㐣ࡂࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊᙜ↛ᡃࠎࡀࡸࡗ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠋ᪥ᮏ♫఍ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᪥ᮏᅜᐙࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᪥ᮏேࡀࡸ

ࡀࡸࡗ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠋ᪥ᮏ♫఍ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᪥ᮏᅜᐙࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᪥ᮏேࡀࡸ

ࡗ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ㄢ㢟ࡀ඲㒊ࡑࡇ࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤ദࡀࡗ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ㄢ㢟ࡀ඲㒊ࡑࡇ࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤ദࡀ㸯ࡘࡢᶆⓗࠊ㸯ࡘࡢ࣓ࣝࢡ࣐࣮࡛ࣝࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡅ࡝ࠊࡑࢀࡔࡅࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ᪥ᮏࡀୡ⏺࡛㸯ࡘࡢᶆⓗࠊ㸯ࡘࡢ࣓ࣝࢡ࣐࣮࡛ࣝࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡅ࡝ࠊࡑࢀࡔࡅࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ᪥ᮏࡀୡ⏺࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᪥ᮏ♫఍ࡀⓎᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ㸯ࡘࡢ኱ࡁ࡞┠༳࡜ࡋ࡚ከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡜࠿࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࡶ

ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᪥ᮏ♫఍ࡀⓎᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ㸯ࡘࡢ኱ࡁ࡞┠༳࡜ࡋ࡚ከᩥ໬ඹ⏕࡜࠿࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࡶ

ࡢࢆᥖࡆ࡞ࡀࡽࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀᮏᙜࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋవࡾ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࠿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

ࡢࢆᥖࡆ࡞ࡀࡽࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀᮏᙜࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋవࡾ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࠿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡔࡅ࡟㝈ᐃࡋ࡚ヰࢆࡍࡿࡢࡣ⚾ࡣព࿡ࡀ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠋఱ࡜⏦ࡋࡲࡍ࠿ࠊቃ┠࡜࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡔࡅ࡟㝈ᐃࡋ࡚ヰࢆࡍࡿࡢࡣ⚾ࡣព࿡ࡀ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠋఱ࡜⏦ࡋࡲࡍ࠿ࠊቃ┠࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㛫㐪࠸࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡼ࠺࡞࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㛫㐪࠸࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ࢢࢻ࣭ࣝࣥࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧 ࠸࠸㉁ၥࡤ࠿ࡾ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࠊᮏᙜ࡟࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡛ࢡ࢚ࣜ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈ

㸦ࢢࢻ࣭ࣝࣥࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧 ࠸࠸㉁ၥࡤ࠿ࡾ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࠊᮏᙜ࡟࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡛ࢡ࢚ࣜ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈ

66

66

࡞㉁ၥࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛ࠊ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡞㉁ၥࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛ࠊ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡉࡁ࡯࡝ࡶゝ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊࡸࡣࡾṔྐࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢୡ⏺

 ࡉࡁ࡯࡝ࡶゝ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊࡸࡣࡾṔྐࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢୡ⏺

኱఍࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶ㛗࠸Ṕྐࠊ㛗࠸ఏ⤫ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࣃ࡛ࣜ  ᖺ࡟➨㸯ᅇࡢ኱఍ࡀ㛤ദࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢃ

኱఍࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶ㛗࠸Ṕྐࠊ㛗࠸ఏ⤫ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࣃ࡛ࣜ  ᖺ࡟➨㸯ᅇࡢ኱఍ࡀ㛤ദࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢃ

ࡅ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢఏ⤫ࢆᙼࡽ⮬㌟ࡀ㄂ࡾ࡟ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸࢔࢖ࢹ࢔ࡀ

ࡅ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢఏ⤫ࢆᙼࡽ⮬㌟ࡀ㄂ࡾ࡟ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸࢔࢖ࢹ࢔ࡀ

ฟ࡚ࡃࡿሙྜࠊ኱஦࡞ࡢࡣࠊ᪤࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡓࡕ࡜ࡢࢥࣥࢭࣥࢧࢫࡀᚲせࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࡑ

ฟ࡚ࡃࡿሙྜࠊ኱஦࡞ࡢࡣࠊ᪤࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡓࡕ࡜ࡢࢥࣥࢭࣥࢧࢫࡀᚲせࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࡑ

ࢀ࠿ࡽ௒ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᅜ㝿ጤဨ఍ࠊ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢࡓࡵࡢᅜ㝿ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⤌⧊࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀ࡜

ࢀ࠿ࡽ௒ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᅜ㝿ጤဨ఍ࠊ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢࡓࡵࡢᅜ㝿ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⤌⧊࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀ࡜

ࡢࢥࣥࢭࣥࢧࢫࡀᚲせࡔ࡜ࠊྠពࡀᚲせࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࡢࢥࣥࢭࣥࢧࢫࡀᚲせࡔ࡜ࠊྠពࡀᚲせࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ 㸰ࡘࡢᅜ㝿⤌⧊ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡲࡎࢫ࣌ࢩࣕࣝ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡀ➇ᢏ఍ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ 㸰ࡘࡢᅜ㝿⤌⧊ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡲࡎࢫ࣌ࢩࣕࣝ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡀ➇ᢏ఍ࡸࡗ࡚࠸

ࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ᫖ᖺࣟࢧࣥࢮࣝࢫ࡛➇ᢏ఍ࡸࡾࠊ ேࡀཧຍࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢᅜ㝿⤌ࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ᫖ᖺࣟࢧࣥࢮࣝࢫ࡛➇ᢏ఍ࡸࡾࠊ ேࡀཧຍࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢᅜ㝿⤌⧊ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡣ㹇㹎㹁ᅜ㝿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ఍ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ

⧊ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡣ㹇㹎㹁ᅜ㝿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ఍ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ

▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶࡍ࡛࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ཧຍࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ṕྐࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶࡍ࡛࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ཧຍࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ṕྐࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞࢔࢖ࢹ࢔ࢆฟࡍ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊᡃࠎ⮬㌟ࡀ㝈⏺ࢆタࡅࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡶࡗ࡜ᗈ࠸どⅬ࠿ࡽ ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞࢔࢖ࢹ࢔ࢆฟࡍ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊᡃࠎ⮬㌟ࡀ㝈⏺ࢆタࡅࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡶࡗ࡜ᗈ࠸どⅬ࠿ࡽ ᖺࡲ࡛࡟࡝࠺࠸࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᗈࡃ⪃࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ᖺࡔࡅ࡟

 ᖺࡲ࡛࡟࡝࠺࠸࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᗈࡃ⪃࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ᖺࡔࡅ࡟

┠ࢆྥࡅࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡑࡢඛࡶぢᤣ࠼࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ

┠ࢆྥࡅࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡑࡢඛࡶぢᤣ࠼࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ ௒᪥ࡣ  ᖺࡢ㸯᭶㸷᪥࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࣜ࢜࡟ࡣࡲࡔᩘ࢝᭶ࠊᮾிࡲ࡛࡟ࡣᩘᖺ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡋࠊࡲ ௒᪥ࡣ  ᖺࡢ㸯᭶㸷᪥࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࣜ࢜࡟ࡣࡲࡔᩘ࢝᭶ࠊᮾிࡲ࡛࡟ࡣᩘᖺ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡋࠊࡲࡓ  ᖺࡀ⤊╔Ⅼ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ
ᡃࠎࡣᅜẸ࡜୍⯡ࡢேࡓࡕ࡜ពぢ஺᥮ࢆࡋ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽࡓ  ᖺࡀ⤊╔Ⅼ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ
ᡃࠎࡣᅜẸ࡜୍⯡ࡢேࡓࡕ࡜ពぢ஺᥮ࢆࡋ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ

࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡣ  ᖺ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠿ࡽ࡛ࡣ㐜ࡍࡂࡲࡍࠋࡑࡢẁ㝵࡛ࡣࡶ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡣ  ᖺ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠿ࡽ࡛ࡣ㐜ࡍࡂࡲࡍࠋࡑࡢẁ㝵࡛ࡣࡶ࠺࢚࢟ࢧ࢖ࢺ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇ࠿ࡽࠊ௒࠿ࡽᅜẸࢆ㆟ㄽ࡟ཧຍࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ

࠺࢚࢟ࢧ࢖ࢺ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇ࠿ࡽࠊ௒࠿ࡽᅜẸࢆ㆟ㄽ࡟ཧຍࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛ࡍࠋ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡼࡃࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮ࡢヰࡀฟࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ⤊ࢃࡗࡓᚋࡢࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮ࡢࡇ ࡼࡃࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮ࡢヰࡀฟࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ⤊ࢃࡗࡓᚋࡢࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮ࡢࡇ

࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠊࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢᩘᖺࡢ

࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠊࣞ࢞ࢩ࣮ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢᩘᖺࡢ

ヰࡀᴟࡵ࡚㔜せ࡛ࡍࠋヰࡀᴟࡵ࡚㔜せ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ ᖺ࡟ྥࡅ࡚࢚࢟ࢩࣅࢪ࣭ࣙࣥ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆ」ᩘᅇࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࠸࠸࢔࢖ࢹ ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ ᖺ࡟ྥࡅ࡚࢚࢟ࢩࣅࢪ࣭ࣙࣥ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆ」ᩘᅇࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࠸࠸࢔࢖ࢹ

࢔࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࡶࡋࠊ⤌⧊ጤဨ఍ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᅜ㝿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ

࢔࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࡶࡋࠊ⤌⧊ጤဨ఍ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᅜ㝿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ

఍ࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆᚓࡽࢀࡿ࠿ࠊ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⤌⧊࠿ࡽࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ࡶ㔜せ࡟఍ࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆᚓࡽࢀࡿ࠿ࠊ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⤌⧊࠿ࡽࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ࡶ㔜せ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡍࠋࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆ  ᖺ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡢ

࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡍࠋࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆ  ᖺ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡢ

୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᪥ᮏࡣ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡛ࢡࣜ

୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᪥ᮏࡣ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡛ࢡࣜ

࢚࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ᅜࡔ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࢚࢟ࢩࣅࢪࣙࣥࢆᩥ໬࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࢚࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ᅜࡔ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࢚࢟ࢩࣅࢪࣙࣥࢆᩥ໬࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚㛤ദࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ ᖺࡢᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟≉ู࡞Ⰽྜ࠸ࢆຍ࠼ࡿࡇ

࡚㛤ദࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ ᖺࡢᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟≉ู࡞Ⰽྜ࠸ࢆຍ࠼ࡿࡇ

࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞㞀ᐖ⪅ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡔࢀࡀཧຍ㈨᱁ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿㈨᱁ࡀ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ࠊఱ ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞㞀ᐖ⪅ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡔࢀࡀཧຍ㈨᱁ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿㈨᱁ࡀ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ࠊఱ

ࡀ᭱ప㝈ᚲせ࡞㞀ᐖ࡞ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞㆟ㄽࡣࡎࡗ࡜⥆ࡃ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ᭱ప㝈ᚲせ࡞㞀ᐖࡢࣞ࣋ࣝ࡜

ࡀ᭱ప㝈ᚲせ࡞㞀ᐖ࡞ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞㆟ㄽࡣࡎࡗ࡜⥆ࡃ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ᭱ప㝈ᚲせ࡞㞀ᐖࡢࣞ࣋ࣝ࡜

࠸࠺ࡢࡣࡶ࠺ఱ༑ᖺࡶ㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚ࡲ࠸ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ⭎ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ࣐ࣛࢯࣥ㉮ࢀࡿࢇࡔࡗࡓࡽ࠸࠸ࡌࡷ

࠸࠺ࡢࡣࡶ࠺ఱ༑ᖺࡶ㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚ࡲ࠸ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ⭎ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ࣐ࣛࢯࣥ㉮ࢀࡿࢇࡔࡗࡓࡽ࠸࠸ࡌࡷ

࡞࠸࠿࡜࠿ࠊ࡛ࡶࠊ࢚࢘࢖ࢺࣜࣇࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ࡛ࡣ∦᪉ࡋ࠿⭎ࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ➇ᢏ࡟ཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡲ

࡞࠸࠿࡜࠿ࠊ࡛ࡶࠊ࢚࢘࢖ࢺࣜࣇࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ࡛ࡣ∦᪉ࡋ࠿⭎ࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ➇ᢏ࡟ཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡲ

ࡏࢇࠋ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ  ᖺ࡟ࢩࢻࢽ࣮࡛ࢫ࢟ࣕࣥࢲࣝࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ࣮࡛࣎ࣝ

ࡏࢇࠋ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ  ᖺ࡟ࢩࢻࢽ࣮࡛ࢫ࢟ࣕࣥࢲࣝࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺ࣮࡛࣎ࣝ

㔠࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡗࡓ㑅ᡭࡀ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠊࢫ࣌࢖ࣥ࡟ᖐᅜࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ㞀ᐖࡣ࡞࠸ࠊ⚾ࡣࢪ࣮ࣕ㔠࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡗࡓ㑅ᡭࡀ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠊࢫ࣌࢖ࣥ࡟ᖐᅜࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ㞀ᐖࡣ࡞࠸ࠊ⚾ࡣࢪ࣮ࣕ

67

67

ࢼࣜࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠿ࠊᏛ⏕ࡔ࡜ゝࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡔࢀࡀ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ᣢࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸

ࢼࣜࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠿ࠊᏛ⏕ࡔ࡜ゝࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡔࢀࡀ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ᣢࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊぢࡓࡔࡅ࡛ࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ ᖺ࠿ࡽ  ᖺࡲ࡛▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡀึࡵ࡚ཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛࠺ࡢࡣࠊぢࡓࡔࡅ࡛ࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ ᖺ࠿ࡽ  ᖺࡲ࡛▱ⓗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡀึࡵ࡚ཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛

ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡀ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞㆟ㄽ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࠊ◊✲ࡶጞࡲࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓヰࡣ࠸ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡀ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞㆟ㄽ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࠊ◊✲ࡶጞࡲࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓヰࡣ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࢺࣛࣈࣝࡶ⏕ࡳࡲࡋࡓࠋ∦᪉ࡢ⭎ࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣࡶ࠺ぢࡓࡽࢃ࠿ࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ▱ࢁࢇ࡞ࢺࣛࣈࣝࡶ⏕ࡳࡲࡋࡓࠋ∦᪉ࡢ⭎ࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣࡶ࠺ぢࡓࡽࢃ࠿ࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ▱ⓗ㞀ᐖࡢศᯒࡸศ㢮ࡢၥ㢟ࡣࡲࡔᡶᣔࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋ

ⓗ㞀ᐖࡢศᯒࡸศ㢮ࡢၥ㢟ࡣࡲࡔᡶᣔࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋ ᡃࠎࡣఱ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࣇ࢙࢔࡞➇ᢏࢆᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥ ᡃࠎࡣఱ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࣇ࢙࢔࡞➇ᢏࢆᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥ

ࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢ୰࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡞せ⣲ࡢ㸯ࡘࡔ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡋࠊ௒ᚋࡉࡽ

ࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢ୰࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡞せ⣲ࡢ㸯ࡘࡔ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡋࠊ௒ᚋࡉࡽ

࡟ࡇࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ๓㐍ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᮇᚅࡋ࡚ࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࠸ࡃࡽ᫬㛫ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚ࡶࠊ᏶඲࡟ࡇࡢ

࡟ࡇࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ๓㐍ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᮇᚅࡋ࡚ࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࠸ࡃࡽ᫬㛫ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚ࡶࠊ᏶඲࡟ࡇࡢ

ၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚඲ဨࡀ⣡ᚓ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ゎỴ⟇࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣฟ࡚ࡇ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚඲ဨࡀ⣡ᚓ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ゎỴ⟇࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣฟ࡚ࡇ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ࣟࣅ࣭ࣥࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟㸧 ௒ࠊࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࠊศ㢮ࠊࢡࣛࢩࣇ࢕ࢣ࣮ࢩ

㸦ࣟࣅ࣭ࣥࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟㸧 ௒ࠊࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࠊศ㢮ࠊࢡࣛࢩࣇ࢕ࢣ࣮ࢩ

ࣙࣥࡢヰࢆࡲࡎࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⏨ዪ࡜࠸࠺ศ㢮ࡶࡎࡗ࡜௒ᚋࡶ㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞

ࣙࣥࡢヰࢆࡲࡎࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⏨ዪ࡜࠸࠺ศ㢮ࡶࡎࡗ࡜௒ᚋࡶ㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞

࠸ࡦ࡜ࡘࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ

࠸ࡦ࡜ࡘࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ 㹊㹅㹀㹒ࡢヰࡀฟࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊ⏨Ꮚࡀࢩࣥࢡࣟࢼ࢖ࢬࢻࢫ࢖࣑ࣥࢢࢆࡍࡿࡢࡣ࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸ 㹊㹅㹀㹒ࡢヰࡀฟࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊ⏨Ꮚࡀࢩࣥࢡࣟࢼ࢖ࢬࢻࢫ࢖࣑ࣥࢢࢆࡍࡿࡢࡣ࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸

࠺ヰࡶฟࡲࡋࡓࠋࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࡀྠᛶ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ᛶⓗႴዲࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࡣᮏ᮶㛵ಀ࡞࠸ၥ࠺ヰࡶฟࡲࡋࡓࠋࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࡀྠᛶ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ᛶⓗႴዲࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࡣᮏ᮶㛵ಀ࡞࠸ၥ㢟࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ ᖺࡢࢯࢳࡢ෤Ꮨ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ၥ㢟࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ

㢟࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ ᖺࡢࢯࢳࡢ෤Ꮨ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ၥ㢟࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ

ࡑࢀࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚࢜ࣂ࣐኱⤫㡿ࡀࢯࢳ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧࢆ࣎࢖ࢥࢵࢺࡋࡓ⌮⏤ࡀࣟࢩ࢔㆟఍ࡀྠᛶࡑࢀࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚࢜ࣂ࣐኱⤫㡿ࡀࢯࢳ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㛤఍ᘧࢆ࣎࢖ࢥࢵࢺࡋࡓ⌮⏤ࡀࣟࢩ࢔㆟఍ࡀྠᛶឡᐉఏ⚗ἲࢆྍỴࡋࠊࣉ࣮ࢳࣥࡀࡑࢀ࡟⨫ྡࡋࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡍࠋࣟࢩ࢔ࡢᨻ⟇࡟࠾ࡅࡿࡑ࠺࠸࠺ᕪูࡀ

ឡᐉఏ⚗ἲࢆྍỴࡋࠊࣉ࣮ࢳࣥࡀࡑࢀ࡟⨫ྡࡋࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡍࠋࣟࢩ࢔ࡢᨻ⟇࡟࠾ࡅࡿࡑ࠺࠸࠺ᕪูࡀ

࣎࢖ࢥࢵࢺࡢ⌮⏤ࡔࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᨻ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶゝ࣎࢖ࢥࢵࢺࡢ⌮⏤ࡔࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᨻ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࡋࠊၥ㢟࡛࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ

࠼ࡿࡋࠊၥ㢟࡛࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ ⚾ࡀᖖ࡟࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㛵ᚰࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡢࡣࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚✚ᴟⓗ࡟ኚ໬ࢆಁ ⚾ࡀᖖ࡟࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㛵ᚰࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡢࡣࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚✚ᴟⓗ࡟ኚ໬ࢆಁ

ࡋ࡚࠸ࡅࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣࢯࢳࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᚋࠊ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ྠᛶ፧ࡀㄆࡵࡽ

ࡋ࡚࠸ࡅࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣࢯࢳࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᚋࠊ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ྠᛶ፧ࡀㄆࡵࡽ

ࢀࡿືࡁࡀฟ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ῰㇂༊ࡀྠᛶࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉド᫂᭩ࢆฟࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ືࡁ

ࢀࡿືࡁࡀฟ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ῰㇂༊ࡀྠᛶࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉド᫂᭩ࢆฟࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ືࡁ

࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ຊࢆᣢࡕᚓࡿ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡟኱ࡁ࡞ຊࢆᣢࡕᚓࡿ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ྠᛶឡࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᏳಸ㤳┦ࡣ  ᖺࡣዪᛶά㌍♫఍㐍ฟࠊ⫋ሙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿዪᛶࡢά㌍ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ ྠᛶឡࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᏳಸ㤳┦ࡣ  ᖺࡣዪᛶά㌍♫఍㐍ฟࠊ⫋ሙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿዪᛶࡢά㌍ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ

Ꮚ⫱࡚ᨻ⟇ࠊ
࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⫱ඣఇᬤࢆࡑࡢ  ᖺ࡟ྥࡅ࡚඘ᐇࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࢇࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗ

Ꮚ⫱࡚ᨻ⟇ࠊ
࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⫱ඣఇᬤࢆࡑࡢ  ᖺ࡟ྥࡅ࡚඘ᐇࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࢇࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗ

࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࠸࠺⊃࠸⠊ᅖ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡎࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࠶ࡿ  ᖺ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ

࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࠸࠺⊃࠸⠊ᅖ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡎࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࠶ࡿ  ᖺ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ

ᙜ↛ࠊୡ⏺ࡣ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞㠃࡛᪥ᮏ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࡽࠊ ᖺ࡟ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚ࠊ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ᙜ↛ࠊୡ⏺ࡣ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞㠃࡛᪥ᮏ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࡽࠊ ᖺ࡟ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚ࠊ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡼ࠸࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜

ࡗࡋࡷࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡼ࠸࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜

࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟኱ࡁ࡞࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢࣃ࣮࣡ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟኱ࡁ࡞࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢࣃ࣮࣡ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ⏨Ꮚࡢࢩࣥࢡࣟࡢヰ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡟ேẼࡀฟࡿ࡜ࡣవࡾᛮࢃ࡞࠸࡛ࡍࠋேẼࡢ✀┠࡟࡞ࡿ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ⏨Ꮚࡢࢩࣥࢡࣟࡢヰ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡟ேẼࡀฟࡿ࡜ࡣవࡾᛮࢃ࡞࠸࡛ࡍࠋேẼࡢ✀┠࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡏࢇࡅ࡝ࠊ࡞ࡐ⏨ᏊࡀዪᏊࡢ➇ᢏ࡟ཧຍࡋ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࡇ࠺ゝ࠼ࡿ࠿࡜ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡏࢇࡅ࡝ࠊ࡞ࡐ⏨ᏊࡀዪᏊࡢ➇ᢏ࡟ཧຍࡋ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࡇ࠺ゝ࠼ࡿ࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋዪᏊࡀ⏨Ꮚࡢ➇ᢏ࡟ཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊⓙࡉࢇࡑࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⣡ᚓࡍࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶ཯

࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋዪᏊࡀ⏨Ꮚࡢ➇ᢏ࡟ཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊⓙࡉࢇࡑࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⣡ᚓࡍࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶ཯

ᑐࡢሙྜࡣ࡝࠺࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ ᖺ࡟࢝ࢼࢲࡢ⮬㌿㌴➇ᢏ࡟ฟࡓ㑅ᡭࡀࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ

ᑐࡢሙྜࡣ࡝࠺࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ ᖺ࡟࢝ࢼࢲࡢ⮬㌿㌴➇ᢏ࡟ฟࡓ㑅ᡭࡀࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ

࣮࡛ࠊ⏨Ꮚ࡜ࡋ࡚࢝ࢼࢲ௦⾲࡜ࡋ࡚ヨྜ࡟ฟࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊవࡾὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ኱ࡁࡃྲྀἋử࣮࡛ࠊ⏨Ꮚ࡜ࡋ࡚࢝ࢼࢲ௦⾲࡜ࡋ࡚ヨྜ࡟ฟࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊవࡾὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ኱ࡁࡃྲྀἋửࡉࢀࡲࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓࠋ

ࡉࢀࡲࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓࠋ

68

68

 ௒ࠊࣁ࣮ࣂ࣮ࢻ኱Ꮫ࡟➇Ὃࡢ㑅ᡭࡀ࠸ࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬ศ࡛ࡣ⏨ࡔ࡜ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᮏᙜࡣዪᛶ ௒ࠊࣁ࣮ࣂ࣮ࢻ኱Ꮫ࡟➇Ὃࡢ㑅ᡭࡀ࠸ࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬ศ࡛ࡣ⏨ࡔ࡜ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᮏᙜࡣዪᛶ

࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ௒ࠊ⏨Ꮚࡢࢳ࣮࣒࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ⏨ᛶࡀዪᏊࡢ➇Ὃࢳ࣮࣒࡟ධࡿࡼࡾࡣࡑࢀࡣཷࡅ

࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ௒ࠊ⏨Ꮚࡢࢳ࣮࣒࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ⏨ᛶࡀዪᏊࡢ➇Ὃࢳ࣮࣒࡟ධࡿࡼࡾࡣࡑࢀࡣཷࡅ

ධࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ➇தࡢࣞ࣋ࣝࡀ㐪࠺࠿ࡽ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊṔྐⓗ࡟ዪᏊࡀ᤼㝖ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺

ධࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ➇தࡢࣞ࣋ࣝࡀ㐪࠺࠿ࡽ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊṔྐⓗ࡟ዪᏊࡀ᤼㝖ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺

ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࢇࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋᙜ↛ࠊ⏨ᛶ࡜ዪᛶ࡛ࡣ⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ

ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࢇࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋᙜ↛ࠊ⏨ᛶ࡜ዪᛶ࡛ࡣ⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ

ఱୡ⣖࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࠿ࡽዪᛶࡀ᤼㝖ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ௒ࡢ➇தࡍࡿࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟

ఱୡ⣖࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࠿ࡽዪᛶࡀ᤼㝖ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ௒ࡢ➇தࡍࡿࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟

ࡶᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࡶᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ ఱ༑ᖺ࠿๓࡟ྠࡌ㉁ၥࡋࡓ࡜ࡋࡲࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ࣎ࢡࢩࣥࢢ࡜࠿㔜㔞ᣲࡆ࡟ዪᛶࡀཧຍ࡛ࡁࡿ ఱ༑ᖺ࠿๓࡟ྠࡌ㉁ၥࡋࡓ࡜ࡋࡲࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ࣎ࢡࢩࣥࢢ࡜࠿㔜㔞ᣲࡆ࡟ዪᛶࡀཧຍ࡛ࡁࡿ

࠿࡜ゝࡗࡓࡽࠊ᫇ࡣࡑࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜ࡳࢇ࡞ᛮࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ௒ࡣ⌧ᐇ࡟ࡸ࠿࡜ゝࡗࡓࡽࠊ᫇ࡣࡑࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜ࡳࢇ࡞ᛮࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ௒ࡣ⌧ᐇ࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊఱࡀ࢔ࢡࢭࢱࣈࣝ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ᫬௦࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ேࠎࡢព㆑ࡣ࠿

ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊఱࡀ࢔ࢡࢭࢱࣈࣝ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ᫬௦࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ேࠎࡢព㆑ࡣ࠿

࡞ࡾኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ

࡞ࡾኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࡑ࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ⏨ᏊࡢࢩࣥࢡࣟࡀேẼฟࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࡞࠸ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶ ࡑ࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ⏨ᏊࡢࢩࣥࢡࣟࡀேẼฟࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࡞࠸ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶ

ࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟ศ㢮ࡢၥ㢟࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ⏨ᛶ࡜ዪᛶࡢ⥺ᘬࡁࢆࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟ศ㢮ࡢၥ㢟࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ⏨ᛶ࡜ዪᛶࡢ⥺ᘬࡁࢆ࡞ࡃࡍ࡜࠸࠺ヰ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿ࡑࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᛌࡃᛮࢃ࡞࠸ேࡓࡕࡀᙜ↛࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࠊᖖ࡟ࡇࡢ

࡞ࡃࡍ࡜࠸࠺ヰ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿ࡑࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᛌࡃᛮࢃ࡞࠸ேࡓࡕࡀᙜ↛࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࠊᖖ࡟ࡇࡢ

ၥ㢟࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣฟ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ၥ㢟࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣฟ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ࢹࢽࢫ࣭ࣇࣟࢫࢺ㸧 ࣇ࢙ࢫࣆࢵࢡ㸦㹄㹃㹑㹎㹇㹁ᴟᮾ࣭༡ኴᖹὒ㌟య㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ኱఍㸧㸦ࢹࢽࢫ࣭ࣇࣟࢫࢺ㸧 ࣇ࢙ࢫࣆࢵࢡ㸦㹄㹃㹑㹎㹇㹁ᴟᮾ࣭༡ኴᖹὒ㌟య㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ኱఍㸧ࡢࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚༑ศࡼࡃ◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㒊ศࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶవ

ࡢࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚༑ศࡼࡃ◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㒊ศࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶవ

ࡾ㈨ᩱࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࡓࡔ㸯ࡘㄆ㆑ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡢࡣࠊ ᖺ௦࡟ࡇࡢ኱఍ࡀᐇ㝿࡟ࡦࡽ࠿

ࡾ㈨ᩱࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࡓࡔ㸯ࡘㄆ㆑ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡢࡣࠊ ᖺ௦࡟ࡇࡢ኱఍ࡀᐇ㝿࡟ࡦࡽ࠿ࢀࡓ࡜ࡁࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡸࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㡿ᇦ࡟ගࢆᙜ࡚ࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ពᅗ࡛ධࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ࢔ࢲ

ࢀࡓ࡜ࡁࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡸࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㡿ᇦ࡟ගࢆᙜ࡚ࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ពᅗ࡛ධࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ࢔ࢲ

ࣉࢸࢵࢻࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࢩࣥࣉ

ࣉࢸࢵࢻࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࢩࣥࣉ

ࣝ࡟ࠊ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ࣮࣮࡛ࣟ࢟ࡸࢁ࠺࡜ࡋࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋ኱ศ࡛ࡢᩥ᭩ࢆㄞࢇ࡛ࡳࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࣜࢯ࣮

ࣝ࡟ࠊ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ࣮࣮࡛ࣟ࢟ࡸࢁ࠺࡜ࡋࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋ኱ศ࡛ࡢᩥ᭩ࢆㄞࢇ࡛ࡳࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࣜࢯ࣮

ࢫࡀ㝈ࡽࢀࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࢫࡀ㝈ࡽࢀࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ᐇ㝿࡟ࡇࡢ㛫࡟㉳ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡣࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࣇ࢙ࢫࣆࢵࢡࡢࣞ࣋ࣝࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚ࡁ ᐇ㝿࡟ࡇࡢ㛫࡟㉳ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡣࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜ࣇ࢙ࢫࣆࢵࢡࡢࣞ࣋ࣝࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡲࡍࡲࡍ࢚࣮ࣜࢺⓗ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࢠࣕࢵࣉࡶฟ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜

ࡓࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡲࡍࡲࡍ࢚࣮ࣜࢺⓗ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࢠࣕࢵࣉࡶฟ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜

࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ
ࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ጞࡵࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࠿ࡽࡼࡁ࡟ࡏࡼࠊ
ᝏࡋࡁ࡟ࡏࡼ኱ศ㞳ࢀ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ

࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ
ࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ጞࡵࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࠿ࡽࡼࡁ࡟ࡏࡼࠊ
ᝏࡋࡁ࡟ࡏࡼ኱ศ㞳ࢀ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ ᪥ᮏࡣࠊ ᖺࠊ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺ࡟ࡑࢀ࡯࡝➇தຊࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ࡜࠸ ᪥ᮏࡣࠊ ᖺࠊ࢔ࢫ࣮ࣜࢺ࡟ࡑࢀ࡯࡝➇தຊࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ࡜࠸

࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࡢᶵ఍ࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡍࠋ࢔ࢪ࢔࡛ࡶྠࡌࡇ࡜ࡀゝ࠼ࡲࡍࠋ࢔ࢪ

࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࡢᶵ఍ࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡍࠋ࢔ࢪ࢔࡛ࡶྠࡌࡇ࡜ࡀゝ࠼ࡲࡍࠋ࢔ࢪ

࢔ࡢࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ኱఍࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊࡲࡍࡲࡍᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞┠ᶆ࡜㏆࡙࠸࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࢠࣕࢵ

࢔ࡢࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ኱఍࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊࡲࡍࡲࡍᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞┠ᶆ࡜㏆࡙࠸࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࢠࣕࢵ

ࣉࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ

ࣉࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ ᆅᇦࢆຓࡅ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ᡃࠎ࡟࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ㄢ㢟ࡔ࡜ᛮ ᆅᇦࢆຓࡅ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ᡃࠎ࡟࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ㄢ㢟ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ᖺ኱఍ࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛௒ᚋ┠ᣦࡍ࡭ࡁ᪉ྥࢆ♧ࡍࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡿ࠿ࡶࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ

࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ᖺ኱఍ࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛௒ᚋ┠ᣦࡍ࡭ࡁ᪉ྥࢆ♧ࡍࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡿ࠿ࡶࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡀேࠎ࡟ឤືࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࢀࡤࡍࡤࡽࡋ࠸࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡛ࡁ ࡇࢀࡽࡀேࠎ࡟ឤືࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࢀࡤࡍࡤࡽࡋ࠸࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡛ࡁ

࡞࠸㒊ศࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡲࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡸࡣࡾࡑࢀࡀ᭱኱ࡢㄢ㢟ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡞࠸㒊ศࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡲࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡸࡣࡾࡑࢀࡀ᭱኱ࡢㄢ㢟ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦⸨⏣⣖᫛㸧 ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࢚࣮ࣜࢺࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㔜ᗘ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿேࡀ᤼㝖ࡉ㸦⸨⏣⣖᫛㸧 ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࢚࣮ࣜࢺࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㔜ᗘ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿேࡀ᤼㝖ࡉࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡇࢀࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡈ㉁ၥࡔࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡇࢀࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡈ㉁ၥࡔࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ☜࠿࡟ࣜ࢜ࡀ⤊ࢃࡗ࡚ࠊࡉ࠶ḟࡣᮾிࡔ࡜ゝࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ࣐ࢫࢥ࣑ࡣ࠿࡞ࡾࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢࡇ ☜࠿࡟ࣜ࢜ࡀ⤊ࢃࡗ࡚ࠊࡉ࠶ḟࡣᮾிࡔ࡜ゝࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ࣐ࢫࢥ࣑ࡣ࠿࡞ࡾࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢࡇ

࡜ࡶྲྀࡾୖࡆ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋぢࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢせ⣲ࡀᙉࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾ㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࡜ࡶྲྀࡾୖࡆ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋぢࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢせ⣲ࡀᙉࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾ㞀ᐖࡢ㔜

69

69

࠸ேࡓࡕࡣ᣺ࡾྥ࠿ࢀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡢ࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠸ேࡓࡕࡣ᣺ࡾྥ࠿ࢀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡢ࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓព࿡࡛ࠊ࣎ࢵࢳࣕ࡜࠸࠺➇ᢏࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ேࡓࡕࡀࡸࡿ➇ᢏ ࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓព࿡࡛ࠊ࣎ࢵࢳࣕ࡜࠸࠺➇ᢏࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ேࡓࡕࡀࡸࡿ➇ᢏ࡛ࡍࠋࡼࡾ㏿ࡃ࡞࠸ࠊࡼࡾ㧗ࡃ࡞࠸ࠊࡼࡾᙉࡃ࡞࠸ேࡓࡕࡀࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡇࢀ

࡛ࡍࠋࡼࡾ㏿ࡃ࡞࠸ࠊࡼࡾ㧗ࡃ࡞࠸ࠊࡼࡾᙉࡃ࡞࠸ேࡓࡕࡀࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡇࢀ

ࢆ࡝࠺࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࡛ሗ㐨ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࡇࡇࢆࡁࡕࢇ࡜ሗ㐨ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㔜ᗘ࡞ࢆ࡝࠺࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࡛ሗ㐨ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࡇࡇࢆࡁࡕࢇ࡜ሗ㐨ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㔜ᗘ࡞㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿேࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ཧຍࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡢព࿡ࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࠋ

㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿேࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ཧຍࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡢព࿡ࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࠋ 㸰ࡘ┠࡟ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤ദࡔࡅࡀ┠ⓗ࡞ࢃࡅࡌࡷ࡞࠸࡛ࡍࠋ࢜ࣜ 㸰ࡘ┠࡟ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤ദࡔࡅࡀ┠ⓗ࡞ࢃࡅࡌࡷ࡞࠸࡛ࡍࠋ࢜ࣜ

ࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆᐇ㊶ࡍࡿᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ኱఍ࡀ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࣃ

ࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆᐇ㊶ࡍࡿᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ኱఍ࡀ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࣃ

ࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆᐇ㊶ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ኱఍ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ

ࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆᐇ㊶ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ኱఍ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ

ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢ㸯ࡘࡢᰕ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊึᚰ⪅࠿ࡽࢺࢵࣉࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ㑅ᡭࡲ࡛ࠊࡁࡕࢇ࡜ࢫ

ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢ㸯ࡘࡢᰕ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊึᚰ⪅࠿ࡽࢺࢵࣉࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ㑅ᡭࡲ࡛ࠊࡁࡕࢇ࡜ࢫ

࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿᶵ఍ࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ┠ⓗ࡞ࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ

࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡍࡿᶵ఍ࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ┠ⓗ࡞ࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡸࡣࡾࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ኱఍ࡔࡅࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ࡛⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㞴ࡋ࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊࣞ࢞ࢩ ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡸࡣࡾࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ኱఍ࡔࡅࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ࡛⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㞴ࡋ࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊࣞ࢞ࢩ

࣮࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡀࡼࡃ౑ࢃࢀࡲࡍࡀࠊࡏࡗ࠿ࡃ࠶ࡿࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿ࣮࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡀࡼࡃ౑ࢃࢀࡲࡍࡀࠊࡏࡗ࠿ࡃ࠶ࡿࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿேࡓࡕࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ཧຍ࡛ࡁࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊ⎔ቃࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡇࢆࠊ

ேࡓࡕࡀࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ཧຍ࡛ࡁࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊ⎔ቃࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡇࢆࠊ

⤌⧊ጤဨ఍ࡢ᪉ࡶ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ኱఍ࡔࡅࡀ࣓࢖࡛ࣥࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ኱఍ࡢᡂຌ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࡑ

⤌⧊ጤဨ఍ࡢ᪉ࡶ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ኱఍ࡔࡅࡀ࣓࢖࡛ࣥࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ኱఍ࡢᡂຌ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࡑ

࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡀᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡓ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡣ࠿ࡽࢀࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ

࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡀᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡓ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡣ࠿ࡽࢀࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ

࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࢆࡐࡦ┠㓄ࡾࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ

࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࢆࡐࡦ┠㓄ࡾࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊ㸱ࡘ┠࡟ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ⥲ྜⓗ࡞⨾ࡢ㏣ồ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ㟷ᮌ ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊ㸱ࡘ┠࡟ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ⥲ྜⓗ࡞⨾ࡢ㏣ồ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ㟷ᮌඛ⏕ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟♧၀ⓗ࡟᭱ึࡢࣉࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ࠾ࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡟࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛ

ඛ⏕ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟♧၀ⓗ࡟᭱ึࡢࣉࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ࠾ࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡟࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛ

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ⥲ྜⓗ࡞⨾࡜ከᵝᛶࡢ㏣ồࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟ព࿡ࢆࡉࡽ࡟ຍ࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽⱁ⾡ࣉࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ⥲ྜⓗ࡞⨾࡜ከᵝᛶࡢ㏣ồࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟ព࿡ࢆࡉࡽ࡟ຍ࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿ࡜࠿ࠊ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀ⤌ࡲࢀ࡚ࡃࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿ࡜࠿ࠊ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀ⤌ࡲࢀ࡚ࡃࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶ㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ேࡣࡸࢀࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡾࠊ➇தࡍࡿࡇ࡜⮬యࡀ㞴ࡋ࠿ࡗࡓࡾࡋ ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶ㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ேࡣࡸࢀࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡾࠊ➇தࡍࡿࡇ࡜⮬యࡀ㞴ࡋ࠿ࡗࡓࡾࡋ

ࡲࡍࡀࠋࡑ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࠊ౛࠼ࡤ➇தࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࢲࣥࢫ࡜࠿ࠊ࡯࠿ࡢࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞

ࡲࡍࡀࠋࡑ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࠊ౛࠼ࡤ➇தࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࢲࣥࢫ࡜࠿ࠊ࡯࠿ࡢࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞

ⱁ⾡࡛ࡍࡡࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡟ࡣཧຍࡋࡸࡍࡃࠊྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ⱁ⾡࡛ࡍࡡࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡟ࡣཧຍࡋࡸࡍࡃࠊྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ኱఍ࡔࡅࢆ↔Ⅼ໬ࡋ࡚ࡸࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊྜࢃࡏ࡚ࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓⱁ⾡ ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ኱఍ࡔࡅࢆ↔Ⅼ໬ࡋ࡚ࡸࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊྜࢃࡏ࡚ࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓⱁ⾡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡞ࢇ࠿ࢆ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡜ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠊ㛤ദࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࡇࡢᮇ㛫ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟኱஦࡞ࡢ

ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡞ࢇ࠿ࢆ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡜ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠊ㛤ദࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࡇࡢᮇ㛫ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟኱஦࡞ࡢ

࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ⚾ࠊᐇࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ࠊゝⴥࡶฟ࡞࠸ࠊ⮬ศ࡛㌴࠸ࡍࢆ᧯సࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ேࡓ ⚾ࠊᐇࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ࠊゝⴥࡶฟ࡞࠸ࠊ⮬ศ࡛㌴࠸ࡍࢆ᧯సࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ேࡓ

ࡕࡢࢲࣥࢫࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋఱ࠿ࢆ㢗ࡾ࡟ࢲࣥࢫࢆࡍࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶ⮬ࡕࡢࢲࣥࢫࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋఱ࠿ࢆ㢗ࡾ࡟ࢲࣥࢫࢆࡍࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶ⮬ศ࡛ࡣືࡅࡲࡏࢇ࠿ࡽࠊ࡜࡟࠿ࡃࡑ࠺࠸࠺ே࡟➗㢦ࡀฟࡿࡼ࠺࡞ືࡁࢆ୍⏕ᠱ࿨᥈ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀ࡟ࡑ

ศ࡛ࡣືࡅࡲࡏࢇ࠿ࡽࠊ࡜࡟࠿ࡃࡑ࠺࠸࠺ே࡟➗㢦ࡀฟࡿࡼ࠺࡞ືࡁࢆ୍⏕ᠱ࿨᥈ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀ࡟ࡑ

ࡢேࡢዲࡁ࡞㡢ᴦࢆࡘࡅ࡚ື࠿ࡋ࡚࠶ࡆࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࢲࣥࢫ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ⤖ᵓࣜࣆ࣮ࢱ

ࡢேࡢዲࡁ࡞㡢ᴦࢆࡘࡅ࡚ື࠿ࡋ࡚࠶ࡆࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࢲࣥࢫ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ⤖ᵓࣜࣆ࣮ࢱ

࣮ࡀከ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋᖺ㸰ᅇⓎ⾲఍ࢆࡸࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ேࡓࡕࠊ⮬ศ࡛ゝⴥࢆฟࡏ࡞

࣮ࡀከ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋᖺ㸰ᅇⓎ⾲఍ࢆࡸࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺㞀ᐖࡢ㔜࠸ேࡓࡕࠊ⮬ศ࡛ゝⴥࢆฟࡏ࡞

࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ேࡓࡕ࡛ࡶࠊே࡟ッ࠼ࡿຊࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡐࡦⓙࡉࢇ࡟▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲ

࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ேࡓࡕ࡛ࡶࠊே࡟ッ࠼ࡿຊࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡐࡦⓙࡉࢇ࡟▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲ

ࡍࠋ

ࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋᒣཱྀඛ⏕ࠊ࠸࠿ࡀ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋᒣཱྀඛ⏕ࠊ࠸࠿ࡀ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ

㸦ᒣཱྀᣅ㸧 ⚾ࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜࣓ࢲࣝࡼࡾࡶ♫఍࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡼࡃཱྀ

㸦ᒣཱྀᣅ㸧 ⚾ࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜࣓ࢲࣝࡼࡾࡶ♫఍࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡼࡃཱྀ

࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠋᐇࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡸࡿ௨ୖࡣࡸࡗࡥࡾ຾ᩋࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡢᴦࡋࡉࡀ࡞ࡃ

࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠋᐇࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆࡸࡿ௨ୖࡣࡸࡗࡥࡾ຾ᩋࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡢᴦࡋࡉࡀ࡞ࡃ

70

70

࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᴦࡋࡉࡀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗ࡃࠊࡇࡢᴦࡋࡉࡣ࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ

࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᴦࡋࡉࡀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗ࡃࠊࡇࡢᴦࡋࡉࡣ࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ

࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋ

࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋ ࡕ࡞ࡳ࡟ࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔࡛ࡣ᭱㏆࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡸࡗ࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀ࠿࡞ࡾᙉ໬ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊ࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡾ ࡕ࡞ࡳ࡟ࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔࡛ࡣ᭱㏆࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡸࡗ࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀ࠿࡞ࡾᙉ໬ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊ࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡾ

ጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ᭱㏆࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ึࡵ࡚࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡗࡓࡢࡣᐇࡣ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ኱఍࡛ࡋࡓࠋ

ጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ᭱㏆࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ึࡵ࡚࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡗࡓࡢࡣᐇࡣ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ኱఍࡛ࡋࡓࠋ ࡑࡢᚋࠊḟࡣ⏨Ꮚࡀྲྀࡿ࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠺࡜ࠊ࡞ࢇ࡜೺ᖖ⪅ࡢዪᏊࡀྲྀࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࡢ ࡑࡢᚋࠊḟࡣ⏨Ꮚࡀྲྀࡿ࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠺࡜ࠊ࡞ࢇ࡜೺ᖖ⪅ࡢዪᏊࡀྲྀࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࡢ

࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡗࡓ㑅ᡭࡓࡕ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣃ࣮ࣞࢻࡀ㛤࠿ࢀࡓࡾࡋ࡚ࠊ࠿࡞ࡾ࣮ࣟࣝࣔࢹࣝ࡜ࡲ࡛ࡣ࠸࠿࡞

࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࡗࡓ㑅ᡭࡓࡕ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣃ࣮ࣞࢻࡀ㛤࠿ࢀࡓࡾࡋ࡚ࠊ࠿࡞ࡾ࣮ࣟࣝࣔࢹࣝ࡜ࡲ࡛ࡣ࠸࠿࡞

࠿ࡗࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠿࡞ࡾ኱ࡁ࡞࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࢆ୚࠼ࡲࡋࡓࠋ

࠿ࡗࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠿࡞ࡾ኱ࡁ࡞࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࢆ୚࠼ࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ㑅ᡭࡢ⫱ᡂ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࡍࡈࡃ㔜せ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅࡟ᑐࡋ ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ㑅ᡭࡢ⫱ᡂ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࡍࡈࡃ㔜せ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡲࡔᐙࡢ୰࡛㐣ࡈࡋ࡚࠸࡚እ࡟ฟࢀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࢽࢢࣞࢡࢺ࡛ࡍࡡࠊ㞴ࡋ࠸≧ἣࡀከࠎ࠶ࡾࡲ

࡚ࡣࠊࡲࡔᐙࡢ୰࡛㐣ࡈࡋ࡚࠸࡚እ࡟ฟࢀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࢽࢢࣞࢡࢺ࡛ࡍࡡࠊ㞴ࡋ࠸≧ἣࡀከࠎ࠶ࡾࡲ

ࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏࡀ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆࡍࡿ࡟ᙜࡓࡗ࡚ᨭ᥼ࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡣࠊࡐࡦ

ࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏࡀ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆࡍࡿ࡟ᙜࡓࡗ࡚ᨭ᥼ࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡣࠊࡐࡦ

ࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿᩍ⫱ࡶྠᵝ࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀ࡚࠸࠿࡞࠸࡜ࠊ┠ⓗࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡔࢁࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿᩍ⫱ࡶྠᵝ࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀ࡚࠸࠿࡞࠸࡜ࠊ┠ⓗࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡇࢀࡣ᪥ᮏ࡟ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀࢆᐇ㝿࡟ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ࡟ᙜࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࣃ࣮ࢸ࢕ࢩ࣌࢖ࢺ ࡇࢀࡣ᪥ᮏ࡟ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀࢆᐇ㝿࡟ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ࡟ᙜࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࣃ࣮ࢸ࢕ࢩ࣌࢖ࢺ

࣮࣭ࣜ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࠊ㛤ⓎࡢᏛ⪅࡛ࣟࣂ࣮ࢺ࣭ࢳ࢙ࣥࣂ࣮ࢫ࡜࠸࠺Ꮫ⪅ࡀゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟

࣮࣭ࣜ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࠊ㛤ⓎࡢᏛ⪅࡛ࣟࣂ࣮ࢺ࣭ࢳ࢙ࣥࣂ࣮ࢫ࡜࠸࠺Ꮫ⪅ࡀゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟

ࡓࡔᨭ᥼⪅ࡢᛮ࠸ࡀయ⌧ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊཧຍᆺ࡛ィ⏬ࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚ࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ㐍ࡵࠊᨭࡓࡔᨭ᥼⪅ࡢᛮ࠸ࡀయ⌧ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊཧຍᆺ࡛ィ⏬ࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚ࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ㐍ࡵࠊᨭ᥼ࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡑࢀࢆᚭᗏࡋ࡞ࡁࡷ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࠊࡇࢀࢆ᪥ᮏࡶᐇ㊶ࡋ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࠋ

᥼ࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡑࢀࢆᚭᗏࡋ࡞ࡁࡷ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࠊࡇࢀࢆ᪥ᮏࡶᐇ㊶ࡋ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡑ࠺ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ♫఍ኚ㠉ࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ➇ᢏࡀ㐩ᡂ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞኱఍

ࡑ࠺ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ♫఍ኚ㠉ࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ➇ᢏࡀ㐩ᡂ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞኱఍

࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௨ୖ࡛ࡍࠋ

࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௨ୖ࡛ࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࠊ࡝࠺ࡒࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㣤➲ඛ⏕ࠊ࡝࠺ࡒࠋ

㸦㣤➲బ௦Ꮚ㸧 ᮾிࡢ㨩ຊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛ࡍࡀࠊከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽゝ࠺࡜ࠊᅽಽⓗ࡟᪂ᐟ༊ࡔ࡜

㸦㣤➲బ௦Ꮚ㸧 ᮾிࡢ㨩ຊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛ࡍࡀࠊከᩥ໬ඹ⏕ࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽゝ࠺࡜ࠊᅽಽⓗ࡟᪂ᐟ༊ࡔ࡜

ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ௒ࠊ኱ஂಖࡣ࣊࢖ࢺࢫࣆ࣮ࢳࡢሙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞࢖࣓࣮ࢪࢆᣢࡘࡼ࠺࡟࡞

ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ௒ࠊ኱ஂಖࡣ࣊࢖ࢺࢫࣆ࣮ࢳࡢሙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞࢖࣓࣮ࢪࢆᣢࡘࡼ࠺࡟࡞

ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࢀࢆ࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣈ࡟ከᩥ໬ࢫ࣏ࢵࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ᡴࡕฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ

ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࢀࢆ࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣈ࡟ከᩥ໬ࢫ࣏ࢵࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ᡴࡕฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ

࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ௒ࡲ࡛ࡢⓙࡉࢇࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡲࡓ᭱ึࡢᅵᒣඛ⏕ࡢ㉁ၥࢆ⪃៖࠸ࡓࡋ㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ௒ࡲ࡛ࡢⓙࡉࢇࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡲࡓ᭱ึࡢᅵᒣඛ⏕ࡢ㉁ၥࢆ⪃៖࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍ࡜ࠊḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ⅼࢆࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺࡢⓙࡉࢇ࡟࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࠿࡜ゝ࠺ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ⅼࢆࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺࡢⓙࡉࢇ࡟࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᅜẸ࡟࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ఱࢆ᭱ࡶᮇᚅࡋࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ
ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟᭱ࡶఱࢆᮇᚅࡋࡲࡍ࠿ࠊ

࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᅜẸ࡟࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ఱࢆ᭱ࡶᮇᚅࡋࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ
ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟᭱ࡶఱࢆᮇᚅࡋࡲࡍ࠿ࠊ

࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ୡㄽㄪᰝࡋࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢሙྜࠊࡶࡕࢁࢇ㔠࣓ࢲࣝࢆࡓࡃࡉࢇྲྀࡗ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜

࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ୡㄽㄪᰝࡋࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢሙྜࠊࡶࡕࢁࢇ㔠࣓ࢲࣝࢆࡓࡃࡉࢇྲྀࡗ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜

࠸࠺ேࡶ࠿࡞ࡾ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾ⤒῭ຠᯝ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ⤒῭ຠᯝ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࢆ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜࠸࠺ேࡶ࠿࡞ࡾ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡸࡗࡥࡾ⤒῭ຠᯝ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ⤒῭ຠᯝ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࢆ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜どࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ከ࠸ࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ

どࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ከ࠸ࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ ௚᪉ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࢀ࡜࠿ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ➇ᢏ⬟ຊࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ ௚᪉ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࣓ࢲࣝࢆྲྀࢀ࡜࠿ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ➇ᢏ⬟ຊࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛

ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ♫఍ࡀࣂࣜ࢔ࣇ࣮ࣜ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠿ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅࡟ᑐࡍࡿᨻ⟇ࡀ㐍ࡴ࡜࠿ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡢዎᶵ

ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ♫఍ࡀࣂࣜ࢔ࣇ࣮ࣜ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠿ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅࡟ᑐࡍࡿᨻ⟇ࡀ㐍ࡴ࡜࠿ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡢዎᶵ

࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡞ࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ከ࠸࡜࠸࠺⤫ィࡀฟ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡞ࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ከ࠸࡜࠸࠺⤫ィࡀฟ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ⌧ᅾࡢୡ⏺ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢഴྥࢆぢࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࢜ࣜ ⌧ᅾࡢୡ⏺ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢഴྥࢆぢࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࢜ࣜ

ࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᜍࡽࡃ⤒῭ຠᯝࡀࡲࡍࡲࡍ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇ⤒῭୙ຠᯝࠊ࣐࢖ࢼࢫࡢຠ

ࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᜍࡽࡃ⤒῭ຠᯝࡀࡲࡍࡲࡍ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇ⤒῭୙ຠᯝࠊ࣐࢖ࢼࢫࡢຠ

ᯝࠊ࢚ࣥࣂ࢖࣓ࣟࣥࢺ࡜࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࢺࣛࣇ࢕ࢵࢡࢥࣥࢪ࢙ࢫࢳࣙࣥ࡜࠿࣐࢖ࢼࢫࡢຠᯝࡣࡶࡕࢁ

ᯝࠊ࢚ࣥࣂ࢖࣓ࣟࣥࢺ࡜࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࢺࣛࣇ࢕ࢵࢡࢥࣥࢪ࢙ࢫࢳࣙࣥ࡜࠿࣐࢖ࢼࢫࡢຠᯝࡣࡶࡕࢁ

ࢇ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ⤒῭ຠᯝࡣ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ

ࢇ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ⤒῭ຠᯝࡣ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ

7171

 ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀᣢࡘ♫఍ⓗ࡞ຠᯝ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ⌧ᅾࡢࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ᪉ྥࡀ࡝ࢇ࡝ࢇ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀᣢࡘ♫఍ⓗ࡞ຠᯝ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ⌧ᅾࡢࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ᪉ྥࡀ࡝ࢇ࡝ࢇ

௒ࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢚࣮ࣜࢺࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊᯝࡓࡋ࡚♫఍ⓗຠᯝ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵ

௒ࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢚࣮ࣜࢺࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊᯝࡓࡋ࡚♫఍ⓗຠᯝ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵ

ࢡ࠿ࡽᮇᚅࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺኱ࡁ࡞ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࢡ࠿ࡽᮇᚅࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺኱ࡁ࡞ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

 ࡇࡢⅬࠊࡉࡗࡁࣇࣟࢫࢺࡉࢇࡀ࢖ࣥࢫࣆ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ࠸࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡅ࡝ࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࡣ࠺ ࡇࡢⅬࠊࡉࡗࡁࣇࣟࢫࢺࡉࢇࡀ࢖ࣥࢫࣆ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ࠸࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡅ࡝ࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࡣ࠺ࡲࡃ࠸ࡃ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࡀࠋࡲࡉ࡟ࡑࡇ࡟㸯ࡘࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ

ࡲࡃ࠸ࡃ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࡀࠋࡲࡉ࡟ࡑࡇ࡟㸯ࡘࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ

ࡇࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡓࡽ࠸࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡲࡎࠊࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕࡟ࡈពぢࡇࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡓࡽ࠸࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡲࡎࠊࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕࡟ࡈពぢࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ

ࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ

㸦ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧 ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ኚ໬ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡇࢀࡲ࡛࠾ヰࡋ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠊ࢜

㸦ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧 ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ኚ໬ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡇࢀࡲ࡛࠾ヰࡋ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠊ࢜

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀጞࡲࡗࡓࡢࡀ  ᖺࡢ࣮࣐ࣟࠊࡑࢀ

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀጞࡲࡗࡓࡢࡀ  ᖺࡢ࣮࣐ࣟࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ  ᖺࡢᮾி࡛ጞࡲࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࠿࡞ࡾኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࡲࡍࠋ࠿ࡽ  ᖺࡢᮾி࡛ጞࡲࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࠿࡞ࡾኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࡲࡍࠋ ⚾ࡀ኱ኚ㛵ᚰࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡦ࡜ࡘ࡟ࠊ
࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㑅ᡭᮧࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࣅࣞࢵࢪࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ⚾ࡀ኱ኚ㛵ᚰࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡦ࡜ࡘ࡟ࠊ
࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ㑅ᡭᮧࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࣅࣞࢵࢪࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ࡇࢀࡣࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ࡣ㑅ᡭࡀࡳࢇ࡞୍ᇽ࡟఍ࡍࡿሙࡔࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡛ࡶࣃࣛࣜ

ࡇࢀࡣࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ࡣ㑅ᡭࡀࡳࢇ࡞୍ᇽ࡟఍ࡍࡿሙࡔࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡛ࡶࣃࣛࣜ

ࣥࣆࢵࢡࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡛ࡶࠊ౛࠼ࡤࣂࣝࢭࣟࢼ኱఍ࡢ࡜ࡁࡣ㸯࢝ᡤࡔࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ ᖺࡢࢯ࡛࢘ࣝ

ࣥࣆࢵࢡࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡛ࡶࠊ౛࠼ࡤࣂࣝࢭࣟࢼ኱఍ࡢ࡜ࡁࡣ㸯࢝ᡤࡔࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ ᖺࡢࢯ࡛࢘ࣝ

ࡣศ࠿ࢀ࡚ࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ ᖺࡢࣂࣝࢭࣟࢼࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣ㸯ࡘࡢࣅࣞࢵࢪࡀ౑

ࡣศ࠿ࢀ࡚ࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ ᖺࡢࣂࣝࢭࣟࢼࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣ㸯ࡘࡢࣅࣞࢵࢪࡀ౑

ࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ

ࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡛ࡣࠊ㑅ᡭࡓࡕࡀ㞟ࡲࡗ࡚ࡳࢇ࡞࡛࠾⚃࠸ࢆࡍࡿሙᡤ࡛ࡍࠋ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢᅜ᪝ࢆ ࡇࢀࡽࡢࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡛ࡣࠊ㑅ᡭࡓࡕࡀ㞟ࡲࡗ࡚ࡳࢇ࡞࡛࠾⚃࠸ࢆࡍࡿሙᡤ࡛ࡍࠋ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢᅜ᪝ࢆ

ᥭࡆ࡚ࠊ኱఍ᮇ㛫୰ࡣࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡛ࡳࢇ࡞ࡀ⏕άࢆඹ࡟ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࣅࣞࢵࢪࡢࡑࡶࡑࡶࡢ⌮᝿ࡔᥭࡆ࡚ࠊ኱఍ᮇ㛫୰ࡣࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡛ࡳࢇ࡞ࡀ⏕άࢆඹ࡟ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࣅࣞࢵࢪࡢࡑࡶࡑࡶࡢ⌮᝿ࡔࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᅜࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᩥ໬ⓗ⫼ᬒࢆᣢࡗࡓேࡓࡕࡀ୍ᇽ࡟㞟ࡲࡗ࡚⏕άࢆඹ࡟ࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᅜࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᩥ໬ⓗ⫼ᬒࢆᣢࡗࡓேࡓࡕࡀ୍ᇽ࡟㞟ࡲࡗ࡚⏕άࢆඹ࡟ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔࡗࡓࠋ࡛ࡶࠊࡇࡇࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࠊࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡟ࡣ㸯᪥ࡋ࠿ࠊ㸰᪥ࡋ࠿Ἡࡲࡽ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ➇ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔࡗࡓࠋ࡛ࡶࠊࡇࡇࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࠊࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡟ࡣ㸯᪥ࡋ࠿ࠊ㸰᪥ࡋ࠿Ἡࡲࡽ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ➇ᢏ࡟ཧຍࡋࡓࡽᖐࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺㑅ᡭࡀከ࠸ࠋ኱఍ᮇ㛫୰ࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࣅࣞࢵࢪ

ᢏ࡟ཧຍࡋࡓࡽᖐࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺㑅ᡭࡀከ࠸ࠋ኱఍ᮇ㛫୰ࣅࣞࢵࢪ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࣅࣞࢵࢪ

࡛࡞࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ᐟἩࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺≧ἣ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊࣅࣞࢵࢪࡢ⌮ᛕࡀᙳࡀⷧ

࡛࡞࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ᐟἩࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺≧ἣ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊࣅࣞࢵࢪࡢ⌮ᛕࡀᙳࡀⷧ

ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡶࡋ࠿ࡋࡓࡽࣉࣟ໬ࠊ࢚࣮ࣜࢺ໬ࡀᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ

ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡶࡋ࠿ࡋࡓࡽࣉࣟ໬ࠊ࢚࣮ࣜࢺ໬ࡀᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ

ࡲࡏࢇࠋ㐃┕࡜࠿ࢡࣛࣈࡢ୰࡟ࡣ㑅ᡭࢆὴ㐵ࡋࡓࡃ࡞࠸ࠊ࡯࠿ࡢࢳࣕࣥࣆ࢜ࣥࢩࢵࣉ࡟ࡴࡋࢁฟࡉ

ࡲࡏࢇࠋ㐃┕࡜࠿ࢡࣛࣈࡢ୰࡟ࡣ㑅ᡭࢆὴ㐵ࡋࡓࡃ࡞࠸ࠊ࡯࠿ࡢࢳࣕࣥࣆ࢜ࣥࢩࢵࣉ࡟ࡴࡋࢁฟࡉ

ࡏࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋࡇࢀࡶࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ༴㝤࡞඙ೃࡔ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢ඙

ࡏࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋࡇࢀࡶࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ༴㝤࡞඙ೃࡔ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢ඙

ೃࢆఱ࡜࠿㣗࠸࡜ࡵ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜⚾ࡣᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡘࡲࡾ㑅ᡭࡓࡕࡀ୍⮴ᅋ⤖ࡋ࡚ೃࢆఱ࡜࠿㣗࠸࡜ࡵ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜⚾ࡣᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡘࡲࡾ㑅ᡭࡓࡕࡀ୍⮴ᅋ⤖ࡋ࡚⏕άࢆඹ࡟ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺⢭⚄ࢆኻࡗ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ⌧ᐇၥ㢟ࠊࡑࢇ࡞࡟⡆༢⏕άࢆඹ࡟ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺⢭⚄ࢆኻࡗ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ⌧ᐇၥ㢟ࠊࡑࢇ࡞࡟⡆༢࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ

࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ ඛ࡯࡝ヰ࡟ฟࡲࡋࡓ㟷ᑡᖺ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊ࣮ࣘࢫ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢ➨㸯ᅇ኱఍ࡀ  ඛ࡯࡝ヰ࡟ฟࡲࡋࡓ㟷ᑡᖺ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊ࣮ࣘࢫ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢ➨㸯ᅇ኱఍ࡀ ᖺ࡟ࢩ࣏࣮࡛ࣥ࢞ࣝ㛤ദࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ㛤ദᚋࠊ⚾ࡣᩥ໬ᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢホ౯ࢆ㢗ࡲࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ࠸

ᖺ࡟ࢩ࣏࣮࡛ࣥ࢞ࣝ㛤ദࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ㛤ദᚋࠊ⚾ࡣᩥ໬ᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢホ౯ࢆ㢗ࡲࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ࠸

ࢁࢇ࡞ศᯒࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➇ᢏ࡜ᩥ໬ᩍ⫱࢚ࢹࣗࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆ୍⥴࡟㛤ദࡍࢁࢇ࡞ศᯒࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ➇ᢏ࡜ᩥ໬ᩍ⫱࢚ࢹࣗࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆ୍⥴࡟㛤ദࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿࣮̿ࣘࢫ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡀ⩏ົ࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿࣮̿ࣘࢫ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡀ⩏ົ࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆ

ࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺せ⣲ࢆ┒ࡾ㎸ࡴࡇ࡜ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ࠺ࡲࡃ࠸ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋ

ࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺せ⣲ࢆ┒ࡾ㎸ࡴࡇ࡜ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ࠺ࡲࡃ࠸ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋ ౛࠼ࡤ㑅ᡭࡀ➇ᢏࢆ⤊࠼ࡓᚋࠊࡍࡄ࡟ᖐᅜࡍࡿࠊ࠸࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡋࡤࡽࡃṧ ౛࠼ࡤ㑅ᡭࡀ➇ᢏࢆ⤊࠼ࡓᚋࠊࡍࡄ࡟ᖐᅜࡍࡿࠊ࠸࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡋࡤࡽࡃṧࡗ࡚ࡶࡽࡗ࡚ࠊ➇ᢏࡀ⤊ࢃࡗࡓ㑅ᡭࡓࡕ࡟࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞㠃࡛ఱ࠿㈉⊩ࢆࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡜ࠊ౛࠼ࡤᩥ໬ࠊ

ࡗ࡚ࡶࡽࡗ࡚ࠊ➇ᢏࡀ⤊ࢃࡗࡓ㑅ᡭࡓࡕ࡟࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞㠃࡛ఱ࠿㈉⊩ࢆࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡜ࠊ౛࠼ࡤᩥ໬ࠊ

ᩍ⫱㠃࡛ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࠊ➇ᢏࡀ⤊ࢃࡗࡓᚋ࡛ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᮾிࡢᕷẸࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᪥ᮏࡢᅜẸᩍ⫱㠃࡛ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࠊ➇ᢏࡀ⤊ࢃࡗࡓᚋ࡛ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᮾிࡢᕷẸࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᪥ᮏࡢᅜẸ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ാࡁ࠿ࡅࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶࠊࡏࡗ࠿ࡃᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞኱఍ࡀࡃࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ㔜どࡋ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ാࡁ࠿ࡅࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶࠊࡏࡗ࠿ࡃᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞኱఍ࡀࡃࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ㔜どࡋ72

72

࡚ࡶ࠸࠸ࢇ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ㠃ࡀኻࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣṧᛕ࡛ࡍࠋ

࡚ࡶ࠸࠸ࢇ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ㠃ࡀኻࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣṧᛕ࡛ࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࡶࡋ఍ሙࡢ᪉࡛≉࡟㉁ၥࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺᪉ࡀ࠾࠶ࡾ࡛ࡋࡓࡽࠊࡲࡔᑡࡋ᫬㛫ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ࠿

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࡶࡋ఍ሙࡢ᪉࡛≉࡟㉁ၥࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺᪉ࡀ࠾࠶ࡾ࡛ࡋࡓࡽࠊࡲࡔᑡࡋ᫬㛫ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ࠿

ࡽࠊ⡆༢࡞࣏࢖ࣥࢺࢆࡘ࠸ࡓࡈ㉁ၥ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ႐ࢇ࡛Ḽ㏄࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ࡝࡞ࡓ࠿≉࡟ࡇࡢⅬࢆ⪺ࡁࡓࡽࠊ⡆༢࡞࣏࢖ࣥࢺࢆࡘ࠸ࡓࡈ㉁ၥ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ႐ࢇ࡛Ḽ㏄࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ࡝࡞ࡓ࠿≉࡟ࡇࡢⅬࢆ⪺ࡁࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺᪉ࡀ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࢀࡤࠊ࡝࠺ࡒᡭࢆᣲࡆ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ࠸࠿ࡀ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ࡝࡞

࠸࡜࠸࠺᪉ࡀ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࢀࡤࠊ࡝࠺ࡒᡭࢆᣲࡆ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ࠸࠿ࡀ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ࡝࡞

ࡓ࠿ࠊ≉࡟ࡇࡢⅬࢆ⪺ࡁࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺᪉ࡣ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ

ࡓ࠿ࠊ≉࡟ࡇࡢⅬࢆ⪺ࡁࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺᪉ࡣ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴ᩥ㞝㸧 ᑠ಴࿴ኵࡉࢇ࡜ྠࡌⱑᏐ࡛ᑠ಴࡜⏦ࡋࡲࡋ࡚ࠊᣍ⮴άື࡟㛵ࡍࡿ௙஦ࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲ

㸦ᑠ಴ᩥ㞝㸧 ᑠ಴࿴ኵࡉࢇ࡜ྠࡌⱑᏐ࡛ᑠ಴࡜⏦ࡋࡲࡋ࡚ࠊᣍ⮴άື࡟㛵ࡍࡿ௙஦ࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲ

ࡍࠋ ᖺࡣ㈇ࡅࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ ᖺࡣᑠ಴࿴ኵࡉࢇࡢࡈᣦᑟࡢ࠾࠿ࡆ࡛຾ࡘࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ

ࡍࠋ ᖺࡣ㈇ࡅࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ ᖺࡣᑠ಴࿴ኵࡉࢇࡢࡈᣦᑟࡢ࠾࠿ࡆ࡛຾ࡘࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᬑཬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢ➨㸱ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᬑཬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢ➨㸱ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ

ࡢ㢟┠ࡣ  ᖺ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢᥦゝ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀ࡛ࡦ࡜ࡘ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡲࡍࠋ㹇㹍㹁ࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࡢ㢟┠ࡣ  ᖺ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢᥦゝ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀ࡛ࡦ࡜ࡘ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡲࡍࠋ㹇㹍㹁ࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࢳࣕࢿࣝࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡶࡋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᬑཬࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡑࡢ

ࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࢳࣕࢿࣝࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡶࡋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢᬑཬࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡑࡢ

୰࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ≉ᐃࡢࢳࣕࢿࣝࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚ࠊ ᖺࡢᮾிࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

୰࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ≉ᐃࡢࢳࣕࢿࣝࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚ࠊ ᖺࡢᮾிࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

࠿ࡽࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࢳࣕࢿࣝࢆጞࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡄࡽ࠸ࡣ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡽ࠸࠸ࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡞࡜

࠿ࡽࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࢳࣕࢿࣝࢆጞࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡄࡽ࠸ࡣ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡽ࠸࠸ࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡞࡜

ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡅ࡝ࠊࡑࡢ㎶࡝࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡅ࡝ࠊࡑࡢ㎶࡝࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࠊ௒ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ఱ࠿௒ࡲ࡛ࡢࡈ⤒㦂࠿ࡽ࡜࡟࠿ࡃఱ࠿ࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࠊ௒ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ఱ࠿௒ࡲ࡛ࡢࡈ⤒㦂࠿ࡽ࡜࡟࠿ࡃఱ࠿ࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ

ࡉࢀࡿⅬ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ

ࡉࢀࡿⅬ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ

㸦ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧 ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࢳࣕࢿࣝࡣ㹇㹍㹁ࡀࡸࡗ࡚ࡲࡍࠋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⏦ࡋ㸦ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧 ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࢳࣕࢿࣝࡣ㹇㹍㹁ࡀࡸࡗ࡚ࡲࡍࠋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⏦ࡋࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࡇࢀࡣ㹇㹎㹁ࡀࡸࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࡸࡣࡾ㹇㹎㹁࡜ヰࢆࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ

ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࡇࢀࡣ㹇㹎㹁ࡀࡸࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࡸࡣࡾ㹇㹎㹁࡜ヰࢆࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ

ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ㹇㹍㹁࡜୍⥴࡟㹇㹎㹁࡟ാࡁ࠿ࡅࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ㹇㹎㹁࡛ࡑࡢࢳࣕࢿ

ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ㹇㹍㹁࡜୍⥴࡟㹇㹎㹁࡟ാࡁ࠿ࡅࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ㹇㹎㹁࡛ࡑࡢࢳࣕࢿ

ࣝࢆࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡋࡓࡽ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠋ

ࣝࢆࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡋࡓࡽ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠋ ࡓࡔࠊࣟࣥࢻ࡛ࣥࡣࢳࣕࣥࢿࣝ  ࡛࠸ࢁࢇ࡞➇ᢏ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸␒⤌ࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ㌴ ࡓࡔࠊࣟࣥࢻ࡛ࣥࡣࢳࣕࣥࢿࣝ  ࡛࠸ࢁࢇ࡞➇ᢏ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸␒⤌ࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ㌴࠸ࡍࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺࡢࡼ࠺࡟㠀ᖖ࡟ேẼࡢ࠶ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡔࡅࡌࡷ࡞ࡃࠊ࣎ࢵࢳࣕ࡜࠿ࠊ⬻㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡗ࡚

࠸ࡍࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺࡢࡼ࠺࡟㠀ᖖ࡟ேẼࡢ࠶ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡔࡅࡌࡷ࡞ࡃࠊ࣎ࢵࢳࣕ࡜࠿ࠊ⬻㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡗ࡚

࠸ࡿ㑅ᡭࡢ␒⤌ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋኪࡢ␒⤌ࠊ ᪥ࡢືࡁࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࡼ࠺࡞␒⤌ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࢳࣕࣥ

࠸ࡿ㑅ᡭࡢ␒⤌ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋኪࡢ␒⤌ࠊ ᪥ࡢືࡁࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࡼ࠺࡞␒⤌ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࢳࣕࣥࢿࣝ  ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࣐ࢫࢥ࣑࡟ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣᴟࡵࢿࣝ  ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࣐ࢫࢥ࣑࡟ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣᴟࡵ࡚㔜せ࡛ࡍࠋ࡚㔜せ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡑࢀ௨እ࡟ࡶ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࢳࣕࢿࣝࢆά⏝ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋ
‽ഛẁ㝵࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠋ ࡑࢀ௨እ࡟ࡶ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞ࢳࣕࢿࣝࢆά⏝ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋ
‽ഛẁ㝵࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠋ

࡛ࡶࡇࡢࢳࣕࢿࣝࡢά⏝࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡣ㹇㹍㹁ࠊ㹇㹎㹁ࠊ୧᪉࡟ാࡁ࠿

࡛ࡶࡇࡢࢳࣕࢿࣝࡢά⏝࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡣ㹇㹍㹁ࠊ㹇㹎㹁ࠊ୧᪉࡟ാࡁ࠿ࡅࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㹇㹎㹁ࠊ㹇㹍㹁ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ㏣ồࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢺࣛࢵࢡࡀྠࡌ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢࡅࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㹇㹎㹁ࠊ㹇㹍㹁ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ㏣ồࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢺࣛࢵࢡࡀྠࡌ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ

࡛ࠋ

࡛ࠋ

㸦ࣇࣟࢫࢺ㸧 ⚾ࡣ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࡢᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡢ⫼ᬒࢆ▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛

㸦ࣇࣟࢫࢺ㸧 ⚾ࡣ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࡢᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡢ⫼ᬒࢆ▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛

ࡍࡀࠊࡓࡔ኱ኚ⯆࿡῝࠸ࡢࡣࠊ㹇㹎㹁ࡣࣛ࢖ࣈࡢ࢙࢘ࣈࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ

ࡍࡀࠊࡓࡔ኱ኚ⯆࿡῝࠸ࡢࡣࠊ㹇㹎㹁ࡣࣛ࢖ࣈࡢ࢙࢘ࣈࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ

ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㠀ᖖ࡟ከࡃࡢࣅࢹ࢜ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ࢔࣮࢝࢖ࣈ࡟ධࡗ࡚

ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㠀ᖖ࡟ከࡃࡢࣅࢹ࢜ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ࢔࣮࢝࢖ࣈ࡟ධࡗ࡚

࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

 ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᩍ࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊᏛ⏕ࡀࣅࢹ࢜ࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࢆேࠎ࡟▱ࡗ ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᩍ࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊᏛ⏕ࡀࣅࢹ࢜ࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࢆேࠎ࡟▱ࡗ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࡔ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࡔ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 㹌㹆㹉ࡔ࡜࠿㠀ᖖ࡟࡯࠿ࡢᅜ࡟ẚ࡭࡚㝶ศ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛵ಀࡢሗ㐨ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 㹌㹆㹉ࡔ࡜࠿㠀ᖖ࡟࡯࠿ࡢᅜ࡟ẚ࡭࡚㝶ศ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛵ಀࡢሗ㐨ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ

࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᮾி  ᖺ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡉࡽ࡟Ⓨᒎࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣㄢ㢟ࡔ࡜࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᮾி  ᖺ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡉࡽ࡟Ⓨᒎࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣㄢ㢟ࡔ࡜73

73

ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ

ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ ࡶ࠺ࡦ࡜ࡘࡣ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࢯ࣮ࢩ࣓ࣕࣝࢹ࢕࢔࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡍ࠿ࠊ౛࠼ࡤࠊ㑅ᡭࡀ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢᦠᖏ࡛Ⓨಙ ࡶ࠺ࡦ࡜ࡘࡣ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࢯ࣮ࢩ࣓ࣕࣝࢹ࢕࢔࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡍ࠿ࠊ౛࠼ࡤࠊ㑅ᡭࡀ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢᦠᖏ࡛Ⓨಙ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡛ࡍࠋ௒ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ⚗ࡌࡽࢀ࡚ࡲࡍࠋ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࢸࣞࣅࢪࣙࣥࡢᶒ฼ࠊࢸࣞࣅ

࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡛ࡍࠋ௒ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ⚗ࡌࡽࢀ࡚ࡲࡍࠋ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࢸࣞࣅࢪࣙࣥࡢᶒ฼ࠊࢸࣞࣅ

࡛ᨺᫎࡍࡿᶒ฼ࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢሗ㐨ࡢ௙᪉࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟࡛ᨺᫎࡍࡿᶒ฼ࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢሗ㐨ࡢ௙᪉࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟୍ᐃࡢつไࡀ࠿࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㑅ᡭ࡜࠿ࡀ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢࢳࣕࢿࣝࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚Ⓨಙࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ୍ᐃࡢつไࡀ࠿࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㑅ᡭ࡜࠿ࡀ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢࢳࣕࢿࣝࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚Ⓨಙࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ

࡜ࢆ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘㄆࡵࡿ࠿ࠋ
ࡇࢀࡣࢫ࣏ࣥࢧ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࡢၥ㢟ࡶ⤡ࢇ࡛㠀ᖖ࡟」㞧࡞ၥ㢟ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ

࡜ࢆ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘㄆࡵࡿ࠿ࠋ
ࡇࢀࡣࢫ࣏ࣥࢧ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࡢၥ㢟ࡶ⤡ࢇ࡛㠀ᖖ࡟」㞧࡞ၥ㢟ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ

ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡣ⪃࠼࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸᫬௦࡟✺ධࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲ

ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡣ⪃࠼࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸᫬௦࡟✺ධࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲ

ࡍࠋ

ࡍࠋ

 ࡯࠿࡟≉࡟ࡈ㉁ၥࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ ࡯࠿࡟≉࡟ࡈ㉁ၥࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ

㸦బ㔝ៅ㍜㸧 ⏘⤒᪂⪺ࡢబ㔝࡜⏦ࡋࡲࡍࠋඛ࡯࡝࠿ࡽࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢヰࡀฟ࡚࠾㸦బ㔝ៅ㍜㸧 ⏘⤒᪂⪺ࡢబ㔝࡜⏦ࡋࡲࡍࠋඛ࡯࡝࠿ࡽࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢヰࡀฟ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊᐇ㝿ၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ௒ࠊࡈ

ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊᐇ㝿ၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ௒ࠊࡈ

ࡊ࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒ࡢ୰ࡢᖹ࿴ࡢ⌮ᛕ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ୰࡟ࡶࡑࢀࡣ

ࡊ࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒ࡢ୰ࡢᖹ࿴ࡢ⌮ᛕ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ୰࡟ࡶࡑࢀࡣ

ᙜ↛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡣᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࡑࢀࡀࠊᩥᏐ໬ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࣃࣛ

ᙜ↛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡣᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࡑࢀࡀࠊᩥᏐ໬ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࣃࣛ

ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࡲࡎ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ࠾⪃࠼ࢆ࠾⪺࠿ࡏ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ
ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࡲࡎ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ࠾⪃࠼ࢆ࠾⪺࠿ࡏ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ
 ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊᖹ࿴࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ᪉ࡣࡇࢀࢆࡁࡕࡗ࡜᫂ᩥ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊᖹ࿴࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ᪉ࡣࡇࢀࢆࡁࡕࡗ࡜᫂ᩥ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ

ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡣࡑࢀࡣ᫂ᩥ໬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᅜ㐃࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡఇᡓỴ㆟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ

ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡣࡑࢀࡣ᫂ᩥ໬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᅜ㐃࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡఇᡓỴ㆟ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ

ᖺࡢࢯࢳ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ⤊ࢃࡾࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ┤๓࡟ࣟࢩ࢔ࡀࢡ࣑ࣜ࢔༙ᓥ࡟㌷஦௓ධࡋࡓ࡜

ᖺࡢࢯࢳ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ⤊ࢃࡾࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ┤๓࡟ࣟࢩ࢔ࡀࢡ࣑ࣜ࢔༙ᓥ࡟㌷஦௓ධࡋࡓ࡜

࠸࠺஦ែࡀ㉳ࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊࡇࢀࡀࡶࡋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ㏻ࡋࡓᙧ࡛ࡢᖹ࿴࡜࠸࠺ᙧ

࠸࠺஦ែࡀ㉳ࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊࡇࢀࡀࡶࡋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ㏻ࡋࡓᙧ࡛ࡢᖹ࿴࡜࠸࠺ᙧ

࡛࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡅࡤࠊ
ࡶࡗ࡜ព㆑ࡣ㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࡀࠊ
࠸࠿ࡀ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ

࡛࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡅࡤࠊ
ࡶࡗ࡜ព㆑ࡣ㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࡀࠊ
࠸࠿ࡀ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ➨  ࡢ㉁ၥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡲࡎ⸨⏣ඛ⏕࡟࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟࠾⪃࠼ࡀࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ➨  ࡢ㉁ၥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡲࡎ⸨⏣ඛ⏕࡟࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟࠾⪃࠼ࡀࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸

࠺ࡢࡣᏑᅾࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࡋ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ࠋࡲࡓࡑࡢⅬࢆ࡝࠺࠾⪃࠼࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍ

࠺ࡢࡣᏑᅾࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࡋ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ࠋࡲࡓࡑࡢⅬࢆ࡝࠺࠾⪃࠼࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࢆ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍ

ࡀࠋ

ࡀࠋ

 ➨㸰ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸ၥ㢟࡛ࡍࠋ࡞ࡐ࠿࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ ➨㸰ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸ၥ㢟࡛ࡍࠋ࡞ࡐ࠿࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜

࠸࠺ࡢࡣཎⅬࡣᡓத࡟࠶ࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊࢫࢺ࣮ࢡ࣐ࣥࢹࣅࣝ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ➨  ḟ኱ᡓࡢ࠸࠺ࡢࡣཎⅬࡣᡓத࡟࠶ࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊࢫࢺ࣮ࢡ࣐ࣥࢹࣅࣝ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ➨  ḟ኱ᡓࡢᡓയ⪅ࠊ㈇യ⪅ࠊ⬨㧊ᦆയ࡟㝈ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢேࡓࡕࡢ㐠ືࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ

ᡓയ⪅ࠊ㈇യ⪅ࠊ⬨㧊ᦆയ࡟㝈ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢேࡓࡕࡢ㐠ືࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ

ࡘࡲࡾᡓதࡢ≛≅⪅࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢཎⅬࡔࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡇࡀ࢜ࣜࣥ

ࡘࡲࡾᡓதࡢ≛≅⪅࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢཎⅬࡔࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡇࡀ࢜ࣜࣥ

ࣆࢵࢡࡢཎⅬ࡜ࡣ඲ࡃ㐪࠺ཎⅬࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ࡝࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ኱ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ௒

ࣆࢵࢡࡢཎⅬ࡜ࡣ඲ࡃ㐪࠺ཎⅬࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ࡝࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ኱ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ௒

࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓᖹ࿴࡜ࡢၥ㢟࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣᴟࡵ࡚㔜኱࡞ၥ㢟࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊྠ᫬࡟ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓᖹ࿴࡜ࡢၥ㢟࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣᴟࡵ࡚㔜኱࡞ၥ㢟࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊྠ᫬࡟ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ṕྐⓗ⫼ᬒࢆᣢࡗ࡚Ⓩሙࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿ࡇࢀࡣ

࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ṕྐⓗ⫼ᬒࢆᣢࡗ࡚Ⓩሙࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿ࡇࢀࡣ

㞴ࡋ࠸ၥ㢟ࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡎ⸨⏣ඛ⏕ࠊ࡝࠺ࡒࠋ

㞴ࡋ࠸ၥ㢟ࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡎ⸨⏣ඛ⏕ࠊ࡝࠺ࡒࠋ

㸦⸨⏣㸧 ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔࡗࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ㹇㹎㹁ࡢ࣮࣒࣍㸦⸨⏣㸧 ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔࡗࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ㹇㹎㹁ࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ࡜࠿ࡑ࠺࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ࡣࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥ࡛ࡣ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡇࢀࡀࣃ

࣮࣌ࢪ࡜࠿ࡑ࠺࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ࡣࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥ࡛ࡣ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡇࢀࡀࣃ

ࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒ࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋࡀࠊ౛࠼ࡤࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ୰ᚰⓗ࡞౯್㸦ࢥ࢔࣭ࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒ࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋࡀࠊ౛࠼ࡤࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ୰ᚰⓗ࡞౯್㸦ࢥ࢔࣭ࣂ࣮ࣜࣗ㸧࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢝ࣞࢵࢪࠊ࢖ࣥࢫࣆ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࠊ࢖ࢡ࢜ࣜࢸ࢕ࠊࢹ࢕ࢱ࣑ࢿ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ゝࣂ࣮ࣜࣗ㸧࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢝ࣞࢵࢪࠊ࢖ࣥࢫࣆ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࠊ࢖ࢡ࢜ࣜࢸ࢕ࠊࢹ࢕ࢱ࣑ࢿ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡀ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࢆ᪥ᮏㄒ࡟ࡋ࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ

ⴥࡀ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࢆ᪥ᮏㄒ࡟ࡋ࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ

ࡇࢀࡣࠊࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࢥ࢔࣭ࣂ࣮ࣜࣗࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢඛ࡯࡝ゝࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ኱఍࡞

ࡇࢀࡣࠊࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࢥ࢔࣭ࣂ࣮ࣜࣗࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢඛ࡯࡝ゝࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ኱఍࡞

74

74

ࢇࡔࡼࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆⓙࡉࢇ࡟▱ࡗ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࢇࡔࡼࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆⓙࡉࢇ࡟▱ࡗ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣࠊ௒ࡍࡄࠊࡘࡃࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ྠࡌࡼ ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣࠊ௒ࡍࡄࠊࡘࡃࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜ྠࡌࡼ

࠺࡟ࠊ㛗࠸ᮇ㛫࠿ࡅ࡚ࡑࡢ୰࠿ࡽฟ࡚ࡃࡿࡶࡢ࠿࡞࡜⚾⮬㌟ࡣ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࠺࡟ࠊ㛗࠸ᮇ㛫࠿ࡅ࡚ࡑࡢ୰࠿ࡽฟ࡚ࡃࡿࡶࡢ࠿࡞࡜⚾⮬㌟ࡣ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒ࢆఱࢆࡶࡗ࡚ᐃ⩏ࡍࡿ࠿࡟ࡼࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࣔࢵࢺ࣮࡜࠿ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵ

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒ࢆఱࢆࡶࡗ࡚ᐃ⩏ࡍࡿ࠿࡟ࡼࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࣔࢵࢺ࣮࡜࠿ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵ

ࢡ࣭ࢫࣆࣜࢵࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࢀࡤࠊࡶ࠺᪤࡟࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁࣔࢵࢺ࣮ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࣃࣛ

ࢡ࣭ࢫࣆࣜࢵࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡜࠸࠺ࡩ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࢀࡤࠊࡶ࠺᪤࡟࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁࣔࢵࢺ࣮ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࣃࣛ

ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ࠸ࡗࡓ࠸ఱࢆࡶࡗ࡚ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜ゝ࠺ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡣࡾᐃ⩏ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ࠸ࡗࡓ࠸ఱࢆࡶࡗ࡚ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜ゝ࠺ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡣࡾᐃ⩏ࡋ࡞࠸࡜࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࡜ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ

ࡋ࡞࠸࡜࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࡜ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࣔࢵࢺ࣮ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢሙྜࡣࡼࡾ㏿ࡃ㸦ࣇ࢓࣮ࢫࢱ࣮㸧࡜࠿ࡼࡾ ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࣔࢵࢺ࣮ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢሙྜࡣࡼࡾ㏿ࡃ㸦ࣇ࢓࣮ࢫࢱ࣮㸧࡜࠿ࡼࡾ㧗ࡃ㸦ࣁ࢖࢔࣮㸧࡜࠿ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢሙྜࡶࠊ࢝ࣞࢵࢪ࡜࠿ࣔࢵࢺ࣮ࡀ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ

㧗ࡃ㸦ࣁ࢖࢔࣮㸧࡜࠿ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢሙྜࡶࠊ࢝ࣞࢵࢪ࡜࠿ࣔࢵࢺ࣮ࡀ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ

࡛ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡑࢀࡽࡢࣔࢵࢺ࣮ࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

࡛ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡑࢀࡽࡢࣔࢵࢺ࣮ࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ

ࡢ⢭⚄ࢆయ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢⅬࡣ࡝࠺࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ

ࡢ⢭⚄ࢆయ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢⅬࡣ࡝࠺࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ

㸦⸨⏣㸧 ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀヲࡋ࠸ࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦⸨⏣㸧 ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮ඛ⏕ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀヲࡋ࠸ࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

㸦ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧  ᖺࡢࣂࣝࢭࣟࢼࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢥࣥࢢࣞࢫࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊᙜ᫬ࠊ࢜

㸦ࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸧  ᖺࡢࣂࣝࢭࣟࢼࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢥࣥࢢࣞࢫࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊᙜ᫬ࠊ࢜

ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢥࣥࢢࣞࢫࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢥࣥࢢࣞࢫࠊ୧᪉࠶ࡗࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࣛࣥࢻ࣮ࣞ࡜࠸࠺㹇㹍㹁ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢥࣥࢢࣞࢫࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢥࣥࢢࣞࢫࠊ୧᪉࠶ࡗࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࣛࣥࢻ࣮ࣞ࡜࠸࠺㹇㹍㹁ࡢᙜ᫬ࡢ๪఍㛗ࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࢱ࢖ࢺ࡛ࣝࢫࣆ࣮ࢳࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢ஧

ࡢᙜ᫬ࡢ๪఍㛗ࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࢱ࢖ࢺ࡛ࣝࢫࣆ࣮ࢳࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢ஧

ࡘࡢ㛫࡟㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ヰࢆᙼࡣࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢཎ✏ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊぢ࡚ࡳࡿࡘࡢ㛫࡟㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ヰࢆᙼࡣࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢཎ✏ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊぢ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜࠸࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋ

࡜࠸࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋ ᙜ᫬ࡣࡲࡔࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡶᦂ⡛ᮇ࡛ࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡝ ᙜ᫬ࡣࡲࡔࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡶᦂ⡛ᮇ࡛ࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡝

ࢇ࡝ࢇ኱ࡁࡃ⫱ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊ
ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆጞࡵࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠊ

ࢇ࡝ࢇ኱ࡁࡃ⫱ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊ
ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆጞࡵࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡡࠊ

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࢹ࣮ࡶ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࡘࡲ

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࢹ࣮ࡶ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࡘࡲ

ࡾࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆᏛᰯࡢඣ❺ࡓࡕ࡜࠾⚃࠸ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ẖᖺ㸴᭶  ᪥࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࡾࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢆᏛᰯࡢඣ❺ࡓࡕ࡜࠾⚃࠸ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ẖᖺ㸴᭶  ᪥࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢹ࣮࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡣ኱ேࡶᏊ౪ࡶ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ࠾⚃࠸ࡍࡿ᪥࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢹ࣮࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡣ኱ேࡶᏊ౪ࡶ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ࠾⚃࠸ࡍࡿ᪥ࡀ࠶ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠊࡑࢀ࡜ྠࡌ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀࢆໟྵࡍࡿࡢࡀ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࢜ࣜࣥ

ࡀ࠶ࡿࢇ࡛ࡍࡅ࡝ࠊࡑࢀ࡜ྠࡌ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀࢆໟྵࡍࡿࡢࡀ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࢜ࣜࣥ

ࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢ࠺ࡕࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ

ࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢ࠺ࡕࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞㞀ᐖࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ

ࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜඲ࡃྠࡌ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒ࡶ඲య࡜

ࡀࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜඲ࡃྠࡌ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒ࡶ඲య࡜

ࡋ࡚ࡢച࡜࡞ࡿᅜ㝿໬ࠊ┦஫⌮ゎࠊࡑࡋ࡚ᖹ࿴࡜࠸࠺࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒ࡢ୍㒊ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࡋ࡚ࡢച࡜࡞ࡿᅜ㝿໬ࠊ┦஫⌮ゎࠊࡑࡋ࡚ᖹ࿴࡜࠸࠺࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢬ࣒ࡢ୍㒊ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ ඛ࡯࡝ᅜ㐃ࡢヰࡀฟࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊᅜ㐃ࡶࡇࡢືࡁࢆ኱ࡁࡃᨭᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࢥࣇ࢕࣭࢔ࢼࣥᅜ㐃஦ ඛ࡯࡝ᅜ㐃ࡢヰࡀฟࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊᅜ㐃ࡶࡇࡢືࡁࢆ኱ࡁࡃᨭᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࢥࣇ࢕࣭࢔ࢼࣥᅜ㐃஦ົ⥲㛗ࡶࡑ࠺ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࢫ࢖ࢫࡢ࢜ࢠࢆ㛤Ⓨࠊᖹ࿴ࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ≉ู࢔ࢻࣂ࢖ࢨ࣮࡜

ົ⥲㛗ࡶࡑ࠺ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࢫ࢖ࢫࡢ࢜ࢠࢆ㛤Ⓨࠊᖹ࿴ࡢࡓࡵࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ≉ู࢔ࢻࣂ࢖ࢨ࣮࡜

ࡋ࡚≉ู㢳ၥ࡟ࡋࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࣃ࣭ࣥࢠ࣒ࣥ஦ົ⥲㛗࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠿ࡽࠊࢻ࢖ࢶࡢ࣒ࣞࢣࢆ≉ู㢳ၥ࡟ࡋ࡚≉ู㢳ၥ࡟ࡋࡓࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࣃ࣭ࣥࢠ࣒ࣥ஦ົ⥲㛗࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠿ࡽࠊࢻ࢖ࢶࡢ࣒ࣞࢣࢆ≉ู㢳ၥ࡟ᤣ࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊᅜ㐃ࡣ✚ᴟⓗ࡟࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ

ᤣ࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊᅜ㐃ࡣ✚ᴟⓗ࡟࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ

࡟㛵୚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡍࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ⌮ᛕࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡣᡓதࢆ࡞ࡃࡑ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ

࡟㛵୚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡍࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ⌮ᛕࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡣᡓதࢆ࡞ࡃࡑ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ

࡜࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࣃ࣭ࣥࢠ࣒ࣥࡸ࣒ࣞࢣࡢⓎゝࢆ⪺ࡁࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟㠀ᖖ࡟࡜࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࣃ࣭ࣥࢠ࣒ࣥࡸ࣒ࣞࢣࡢⓎゝࢆ⪺ࡁࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟㠀ᖖ࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ᖺ࡟ྥࡅࡓ㛤Ⓨ┠ᶆࡢ㆟ㄽࡢ୰࡛ࡶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ㛤✚ᴟⓗ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ᖺ࡟ྥࡅࡓ㛤Ⓨ┠ᶆࡢ㆟ㄽࡢ୰࡛ࡶࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ㛤Ⓨࠊᖹ࿴࡟࠾ࡅࡿᙺ๭࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࣁ࢖ࣛ࢖ࢺࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ

Ⓨࠊᖹ࿴࡟࠾ࡅࡿᙺ๭࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࣁ࢖ࣛ࢖ࢺࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣࡦ࡜ࡘࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜࠸࠺ ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣࡦ࡜ࡘࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜࠸࠺

⪃࠼᪉ࡣࠊࡇࡢ  ᖺ࡯࡝ࡢ㛫࡟ฟ࡚ࡁࡓⱝ࠸⪃࠼᪉࡛ࠊ⫱࡚࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞

⪃࠼᪉ࡣࠊࡇࡢ  ᖺ࡯࡝ࡢ㛫࡟ฟ࡚ࡁࡓⱝ࠸⪃࠼᪉࡛ࠊ⫱࡚࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞

75

75

ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ

ࢇ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ᭱ᚋ࡟⏦ࡋୖࡆࡓ࠸ࡢࡣࠊࢫࢺ࣮ࢡ࣐ࣥࢹࣅࣝ⑓㝔࡛㏥ᙺ㌷ேࡀጞࡵࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ᭱ᚋ࡟⏦ࡋୖࡆࡓ࠸ࡢࡣࠊࢫࢺ࣮ࢡ࣐ࣥࢹࣅࣝ⑓㝔࡛㏥ᙺ㌷ேࡀጞࡵࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝

ࡶࠊ௒ࠊ࣮࣊ࣥࣜ⋤Ꮚࡀ࢖ࣦࣥ࢕ࢡࢱࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࢆ୺ദࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ㏥ᙺ㌷ேࢆᑐࡶࠊ௒ࠊ࣮࣊ࣥࣜ⋤Ꮚࡀ࢖ࣦࣥ࢕ࢡࢱࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࢆ୺ദࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ㏥ᙺ㌷ேࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢝ࢼࢲ࠿ࡽࡶ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࠿ࡽࡶཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㹇㹎㹁ࡀព㇟࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࢝ࢼࢲ࠿ࡽࡶ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࠿ࡽࡶཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㹇㹎㹁ࡀពぢࢆồࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ㹇㹎㹁ࡣవࡾࡇࢀࢆ࠸࠸ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࡞࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡞ࡐ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜ࠊࣃࣛࣜ

ぢࢆồࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ㹇㹎㹁ࡣవࡾࡇࢀࢆ࠸࠸ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࡞࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡞ࡐ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜ࠊࣃࣛࣜ

ࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢ࢜ࣜࢪࣥ࡜ྠࡌ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢ୪⾜ⓗ࡟ࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓

ࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺࡢ࢜ࣜࢪࣥ࡜ྠࡌ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢ୪⾜ⓗ࡟ࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࣒࣮ࣈ࣓

ࣥࢺࡀ㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺⌧ᐇࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ௒ฟ࡚ࡁࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸ືࡁ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡝࠺࡞ࡗ

ࣥࢺࡀ㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺⌧ᐇࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ௒ฟ࡚ࡁࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸ືࡁ࡜ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀ࡝࠺࡞ࡗ

࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࠿ࠊ㛵ᚰࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࠿ࠊ㛵ᚰࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

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76

76

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閉会の挨拶

閉会の挨拶
小倉 和夫

小倉 和夫

日本財団パラリンピック研究会代表

日本財団パラリンピック研究会代表

青山学院大学特別招聘教授

青山学院大学特別招聘教授㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ௒᪥ࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࡘࡶࡾࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ୍ᛂࠊ㛢఍ࡢ㎡ࡶවࡡࡲࡋ୍࡚

㸦ᑠ಴㸧 ௒᪥ࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࡘࡶࡾࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ୍ᛂࠊ㛢఍ࡢ㎡ࡶවࡡࡲࡋ୍࡚

ゝࡔࡅ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ

ゝࡔࡅ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ ௒᪥ࡢࡸࡣࡾࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ୺㢟ࡣࠊ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢩࣈࢿࢫ࡜࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾ ௒᪥ࡢࡸࡣࡾࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ୺㢟ࡣࠊ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢩࣈࢿࢫ࡜࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾ

ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊࡇࡢ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡸࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࠸࠺ࢥࣥࢸࢡ

ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊࡇࡢ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡸࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡜࠸࠺ࢥࣥࢸࢡ

ࢫࢺࡢ୰࡛⪃࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶ೺ᖖ⪅ࡶࡳࢇ࡞ᴦࡋࡵࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊྠ᫬࡟ⱝ࠸ேࡶᖺ࡜ࡗࡓ

ࢫࢺࡢ୰࡛⪃࠼ࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࡶ೺ᖖ⪅ࡶࡳࢇ࡞ᴦࡋࡵࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊྠ᫬࡟ⱝ࠸ேࡶᖺ࡜ࡗࡓ

ேࡶᴦࡋࡵࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊཧຍࡣ࡞࠿࡞࠿࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊᴦࡋࡵࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠋ

ேࡶᴦࡋࡵࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊཧຍࡣ࡞࠿࡞࠿࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊᴦࡋࡵࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠋ

ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ゝ࠼ࡤࠊ㈋ࡋ࠸ᅜࡶ㇏࠿࡞ᅜࡶඹ࡟ཧຍࡋ࡚ᴦࡋࡵࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺

ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ゝ࠼ࡤࠊ㈋ࡋ࠸ᅜࡶ㇏࠿࡞ᅜࡶඹ࡟ཧຍࡋ࡚ᴦࡋࡵࡿ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺

࡟ࡳࢇ࡞ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᐇࡣ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢩࣈࢿࢫࠊ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ゝ࡟ࡳࢇ࡞ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᐇࡣ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢩࣈࢿࢫࠊ࢖ࣥࢡ࣮ࣝࢪࣙࣥ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡀ㘽࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡᮾி  ᖺࡣࡳࢇ࡞ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛࠶ࡿ

ⴥࡀ㘽࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡᮾி  ᖺࡣࡳࢇ࡞ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛࠶ࡿ

࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࡢࡳࢇ࡞࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᅜෆ࡛ࡢࡳࢇ࡞ࠊዪᛶࡶࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊ

࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࡢࡳࢇ࡞࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᅜෆ࡛ࡢࡳࢇ࡞ࠊዪᛶࡶࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊ

ᖺ㓄⪅ࡶⱝ࠸ேࡶࠊ
ࡳࢇ࡞ࠊ࠶ࡿព࿡࡛ࡣཧຍព㆑ࢆᣢ࡚ࡿࡼ࠺࡞࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ

ᖺ㓄⪅ࡶⱝ࠸ேࡶࠊ
ࡳࢇ࡞ࠊ࠶ࡿព࿡࡛ࡣཧຍព㆑ࢆᣢ࡚ࡿࡼ࠺࡞࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ ྠ᫬࡟ࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ࡶከࡃࡢᅜ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶ᭷ព⩏࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡾ ྠ᫬࡟ࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ࡶከࡃࡢᅜ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶ᭷ព⩏࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡾ

ࡲࡏࢇࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࠊᗈ࠸ព࿡࡛ࡢࡳࢇ࡞ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡇࡢ௒

ࡲࡏࢇࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࠊᗈ࠸ព࿡࡛ࡢࡳࢇ࡞ࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡇࡢ௒

᪥ࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡢඹ⏕࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡜ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜

᪥ࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡢඹ⏕࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡜ࠊ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࠊࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆ⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜

ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡇࢀࡣゝ࠺ࡣ᫆ࡋࠊ⾜࠺ࡣ㞴ࡋࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ௒᪥ࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ ࡇࢀࡣゝ࠺ࡣ᫆ࡋࠊ⾜࠺ࡣ㞴ࡋࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ௒᪥ࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ

ඹ࡟ࠊඹ⏕ࡢ⢭⚄࡛࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆࡸࡿ࡜ࡋࡓࡽࠊఱࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ௒ᚋࠊ᪥ᮏࡶୡ⏺ࡶඹ࡟ࠊඹ⏕ࡢ⢭⚄࡛࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢆࡸࡿ࡜ࡋࡓࡽࠊఱࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ௒ᚋࠊ᪥ᮏࡶୡ⏺ࡶ⪃࠼࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ᭱ᚋࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࠊ௒᪥

⪃࠼࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ᭱ᚋࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࠊ௒᪥

ࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ⤊ࢃࡾ࡜ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ

ࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ⤊ࢃࡾ࡜ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ

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Ⓩቭ⪅ࣉࣟࣇ࢕࣮ࣝ㸦ᥖ㍕㡰㸧Ⓩቭ⪅ࣉࣟࣇ࢕࣮ࣝ㸦ᥖ㍕㡰㸧㟷ᮌಖ㸦7DPRWVX$2.,㸧㟷ᮌಖ㸦7DPRWVX$2.,㸧ᅜ❧᪂⨾⾡㤋㤋㛗ࠋ኱㜰኱Ꮫே㛫⛉Ꮫ༤ኈࠋᑓ㛛ࡣࠊᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫࠊᩥ໬ᨻ⟇◊✲ࠋ኱㜰኱ᅜ❧᪂⨾⾡㤋㤋㛗ࠋ኱㜰኱Ꮫே㛫⛉Ꮫ༤ኈࠋᑓ㛛ࡣࠊᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫࠊᩥ໬ᨻ⟇◊✲ࠋ኱㜰኱Ꮫᩍᤵࠊᮾி኱Ꮫᩍᤵࠊᨻ⟇◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫᩍᤵࠊ᪩✄⏣኱Ꮫ࢔ࢪ࢔◊✲ᶵᵓᩍᤵࠊ㟷ᒣᏛᩍᤵࠊᮾி኱Ꮫᩍᤵࠊᨻ⟇◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫᩍᤵࠊ᪩✄⏣኱Ꮫ࢔ࢪ࢔◊✲ᶵᵓᩍᤵࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ⥲ྜᩥ໬ᨻ⟇Ꮫ◊✲⛉≉௵ᩍᤵ➼ࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ ᖺࡼࡾ⌧⫋ࠋ ᖺࡼࡾ  ᖺᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ⥲ྜᩥ໬ᨻ⟇Ꮫ◊✲⛉≉௵ᩍᤵ➼ࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ ᖺࡼࡾ⌧⫋ࠋ ᖺࡼࡾ  ᖺࡲ࡛ᩥ໬ᗇ㛗ᐁࢆົࡵࡿࠋ ᖺ࡟⣸⥓〔❶ࢆཷ❶ࠋⴭస࡟ࠗ൤♩ࡢ㇟ᚩᛶ࠘
㸦ࢧࣥࢺࣜࡲ࡛ᩥ໬ᗇ㛗ᐁࢆົࡵࡿࠋ ᖺ࡟⣸⥓〔❶ࢆཷ❶ࠋⴭస࡟ࠗ൤♩ࡢ㇟ᚩᛶ࠘
㸦ࢧࣥࢺࣜ

࣮Ꮫⱁ㈹㸧
ࠊ
ࠗ
ࠕ᪥ᮏᩥ໬ㄽࠖࡢኚᐜ࠘
㸦ྜྷ㔝స㐀㈹㸧
ࠊ
ࠗ㏫ගࡢ࢚࢜ࣜࣥࢱࣜࢬ࣒࠘
ࠗ␗ᩥ໬⌮

࣮Ꮫⱁ㈹㸧
ࠊ
ࠗ
ࠕ᪥ᮏᩥ໬ㄽࠖࡢኚᐜ࠘
㸦ྜྷ㔝స㐀㈹㸧
ࠊ
ࠗ㏫ගࡢ࢚࢜ࣜࣥࢱࣜࢬ࣒࠘
ࠗ␗ᩥ໬⌮

ゎ࠘
ࠊ
ࠗసᐙࡣ⛣ືࡍࡿ࠘
ࠊࠗࠕᩥ໬ຊࠖࡢ᫬௦࠘࡞࡝ከᩘࠋ

ゎ࠘ࠊࠗసᐙࡣ⛣ືࡍࡿ࠘
ࠊࠗࠕᩥ໬ຊࠖࡢ᫬௦࠘࡞࡝ከᩘࠋ

ࢢࢻ࣭ࣝࣥࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸦*XGUXQ'2//7(33(5㸧ࢢࢻ࣭ࣝࣥࢻࣝࢸࢵࣃ࣮㸦*XGUXQ'2//7(33(5㸧ࢻ࢖ࢶ࣋ࣝࣜࣥ⮬⏤኱Ꮫᩍᤵ࠾ࡼࡧࢻ࢖ࢶ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㐃┕๪఍㛗ࠋࡑࡢ௚ࠊḢࢻ࢖ࢶ࣋ࣝࣜࣥ⮬⏤኱Ꮫᩍᤵ࠾ࡼࡧࢻ࢖ࢶ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㐃┕๪఍㛗ࠋࡑࡢ௚ࠊḢᕞࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⛉Ꮫ኱Ꮫᐈဨ◊✲ဨࠊࢻ࢖ࢶ :LOOL'DXPH ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑࣮఍㛗ࢆົࡵᕞࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⛉Ꮫ኱Ꮫᐈဨ◊✲ဨࠊࢻ࢖ࢶ :LOOL'DXPH ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑࣮఍㛗ࢆົࡵࡿࠋᅜ㝿ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⛉Ꮫ࣭య⫱ᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍㸦,&663(㸧๓఍㛗ࠋᅜ㝿࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻ㌟యάື◊ࡿࠋᅜ㝿ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⛉Ꮫ࣭య⫱ᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍㸦,&663(㸧๓఍㛗ࠋᅜ㝿࢔ࢲࣉࢸࢵࢻ㌟యάື◊✲㐃┕㸦,)$3$㸧๓఍㛗ࠋࢽ࣮ࣗࣇ࢓ࣥࢻࣛࣥࢻ࣓ࣔࣜ࢔ࣝ኱Ꮫ㸦࢝ࢼࢲ㸧࠾ࡼࡧ࣮ࣝ࣋ࣥ

✲㐃┕㸦,)$3$㸧๓఍㛗ࠋࢽ࣮ࣗࣇ࢓ࣥࢻࣛࣥࢻ࣓ࣔࣜ࢔ࣝ኱Ꮫ㸦࢝ࢼࢲ㸧࠾ࡼࡧ࣮ࣝ࣋ࣥ

࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡ኱Ꮫ㸦࣋ࣝࢠ࣮㸧࡟࡚ྡ㄃ἲᏛ༤ኈྕᤵ୚ࠋ),(3 య⫱ᩍ⫱ྡ㄃ࢦ࣮ࣝࢻࢡࣟࢫࠊ

࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡ኱Ꮫ㸦࣋ࣝࢠ࣮㸧࡟࡚ྡ㄃ἲᏛ༤ኈྕᤵ୚ࠋ),(3 య⫱ᩍ⫱ྡ㄃ࢦ࣮ࣝࢻࢡࣟࢫࠊ

ᅜ㝿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ఍ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣮࢜ࢲ࣮࡞࡝ࠊᅜෆእ࡛ࡢཷ㈹ከᩘࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

ᅜ㝿ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ఍ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣮࢜ࢲ࣮࡞࡝ࠊᅜෆእ࡛ࡢཷ㈹ከᩘࠋࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ

⛉Ꮫࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩍ⫱Ꮫࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶάື࡟㛵ࡍࡿ  ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ༢ⴭ࠾ࡼࡧඹⴭࢆᣢࡘࠋ

⛉Ꮫࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᩍ⫱Ꮫࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶάື࡟㛵ࡍࡿ  ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ༢ⴭ࠾ࡼࡧඹⴭࢆᣢࡘࠋ⸨⏣ ⣖᫛㸦0RWRDNL)8-,7$㸧⸨⏣ ⣖᫛㸦0RWRDNL)8-,7$㸧ྠᚿ♫኱Ꮫࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ೺ᗣ⛉Ꮫ㒊ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ೺ᗣᏛ⛉ᩍᤵࠋᑓ㛛ࡣࠊయ⫱Ꮫࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶྠᚿ♫኱Ꮫࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ೺ᗣ⛉Ꮫ㒊ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ೺ᗣᏛ⛉ᩍᤵࠋᑓ㛛ࡣࠊయ⫱Ꮫࠊ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶㄽࠋ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔య⫱◊✲⛉ಟ஢ࠋᚨᓥᩥ⌮኱Ꮫᑓ௵ㅮᖌࠊ᪥ᮏ⚟♴኱Ꮫ♫఍⚟♴Ꮫ㒊ㄽࠋ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔య⫱◊✲⛉ಟ஢ࠋᚨᓥᩥ⌮኱Ꮫᑓ௵ㅮᖌࠊ᪥ᮏ⚟♴኱Ꮫ♫఍⚟♴Ꮫ㒊ᑓ௵ㅮᖌࠊຓᩍᤵࠊᩍᤵࠊࣛࣇࣂࣛ኱Ꮫ㸦ⱥᅜ㸧ᐈဨ◊✲ဨࢆṔ௵ࡋࠊ ᖺࡼࡾ⌧⫋ࠋᑓ௵ㅮᖌࠊຓᩍᤵࠊᩍᤵࠊࣛࣇࣂࣛ኱Ꮫ㸦ⱥᅜ㸧ᐈဨ◊✲ဨࢆṔ௵ࡋࠊ ᖺࡼࡾ⌧⫋ࠋෆ㛶ᗓ㞀ᐖ⪅ᨻ⟇ጤဨ఍ᑓ㛛ጤဨࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ⌧ᅾࠊ᪥ᮏ㞀ࡀ࠸⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ༠఍ᢏ⾡ጤဨ఍๪ෆ㛶ᗓ㞀ᐖ⪅ᨻ⟇ጤဨ఍ᑓ㛛ጤဨࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ⌧ᅾࠊ᪥ᮏ㞀ࡀ࠸⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ༠఍ᢏ⾡ጤဨ఍๪ጤဨ㛗ࠊ᪥ᮏ㞀ࡀ࠸⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ༠఍㞀ࡀ࠸⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᣦᑟ⪅༠㆟఍◊ಟ㒊఍఍㛗ࢆົࡵࡿࠋ

ጤဨ㛗ࠊ᪥ᮏ㞀ࡀ࠸⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ༠఍㞀ࡀ࠸⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᣦᑟ⪅༠㆟఍◊ಟ㒊఍఍㛗ࢆົࡵࡿࠋ

ࠗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⎔ቃ࡜ྍ⬟ᛶ࠘㸦༢ⴭࠊ๰ᩥ௻⏬  ᖺ㸧ࠗ㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ⎔ቃ࡜ྍ⬟ᛶ࠘㸦༢ⴭࠊ๰ᩥ௻⏬  ᖺ㸧ᒣཱྀ ᣅ㸦7DNX<$0$*8&+,㸧ᒣཱྀ ᣅ㸦7DNX<$0$*8&+,㸧⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫయ⫱⣔ຓᩍࠋᑓ㛛ࡣᅜ㝿㛤ⓎᏛࠋྠᚿ♫኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⥲ྜᨻ⟇⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉බඹᨻ⟇⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫయ⫱⣔ຓᩍࠋᑓ㛛ࡣᅜ㝿㛤ⓎᏛࠋྠᚿ♫኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⥲ྜᨻ⟇⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉බඹᨻ⟇ࢥ࣮ࢫಟ஢ࠋ132 ἲேࣁ࣮ࢺ࣭࢜ࣈ࣭ࢦ࣮ࣝࢻ⌮஦࣭஦ົᡤ㛗ࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔⋤ᅜ࣭࢔ࣥࢥ

ࢥ࣮ࢫಟ஢ࠋ132 ἲேࣁ࣮ࢺ࣭࢜ࣈ࣭ࢦ࣮ࣝࢻ⌮஦࣭஦ົᡤ㛗ࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔⋤ᅜ࣭࢔ࣥࢥ

࣮ࣝ࣡ࢵࢺᅜ㝿ࣁ࣮ࣇ࣐ࣛࢯࣥ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࣭ࢹ࢕ࣞࢡࢱ࣮ࠊ-,&$ ⲡࡢ᰿ᢏ⾡༠ຊ஦ᴗࠕ࢝ࣥ

࣮ࣝ࣡ࢵࢺᅜ㝿ࣁ࣮ࣇ࣐ࣛࢯࣥ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࣭ࢹ࢕ࣞࢡࢱ࣮ࠊ-,&$ ⲡࡢ᰿ᢏ⾡༠ຊ஦ᴗࠕ࢝ࣥ

࣎ࢪ࢔⋤ᅜᑠᏛᰯయ⫱⛉ᩍ⫱ᨭ᥼ࠖࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࣐ࢿ࣮ࢪ࣮ࣕ࡞࡝ࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ ᖺࡼࡾ⌧࣎ࢪ࢔⋤ᅜᑠᏛᰯయ⫱⛉ᩍ⫱ᨭ᥼ࠖࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࣐ࢿ࣮ࢪ࣮ࣕ࡞࡝ࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ ᖺࡼࡾ⌧⫋ࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔⋤ᅜ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ఍㢳ၥࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭ࣇ࢛࣮࣭ࢺ࣮࣭ࢗࣔࣟࢥ

⫋ࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔⋤ᅜ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡጤဨ఍㢳ၥࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࣭ࣇ࢛࣮࣭ࢺ࣮࣭ࢗࣔࣟࢥ

ࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒㢳ၥࡶົࡵࡿࠋ

ࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒㢳ၥࡶົࡵࡿࠋ

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78

78

ࣟࣅ࣭ࣥࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ 5RELQ.,(7/,16., ࣟࣅ࣭ࣥࢣࢵࢺࣜࣥࢫ࣮࢟ 5RELQ.,(7/,16., ࢽ࣮࣮ࣗࣚࢡᕷ❧኱Ꮫ࣮ࣛ࢞ࢹ࢕࢔ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣭࢝ࣞࢵࢪ෸ᩍᤵ㸦ṔྐᏛ㸧ࠋ༤ኈྕ㸦࣌

ࢽ࣮࣮ࣗࣚࢡᕷ❧኱Ꮫ࣮ࣛ࢞ࢹ࢕࢔ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣭࢝ࣞࢵࢪ෸ᩍᤵ㸦ṔྐᏛ㸧ࠋ༤ኈྕ㸦࣌

ࣥࢩࣝ࣋ࢽ࢔኱Ꮫ㸧ࠋᑓ㛛ࡣᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔◊✲ࠋ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿṔྐⓗពࣥࢩࣝ࣋ࢽ࢔኱Ꮫ㸧ࠋᑓ㛛ࡣᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔◊✲ࠋ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࡣࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢ♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿṔྐⓗព⩏ࠋ-DSDQHVH:RPHQDQG6SRUW%H\RQG%DVHEDOODQG6XPR㸦᪥ᮏዪᛶ࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㸸㔝⌫⩏ࠋ-DSDQHVH:RPHQDQG6SRUW%H\RQG%DVHEDOODQG6XPR㸦᪥ᮏዪᛶ࡜ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㸸㔝⌫࡜┦᧞ࡢ⿬࡟࠶ࡿࡶࡢ㸧㸦༢ⴭࠊ%ORRPVEXU\$FDGHPLFࠊ㸧࡞࡝ࠋ࡜┦᧞ࡢ⿬࡟࠶ࡿࡶࡢ㸧㸦༢ⴭࠊ%ORRPVEXU\$FDGHPLFࠊ㸧࡞࡝ࠋࢹࢽࢫ࣭-࣭ࣇࣟࢫࢺ㸦'HQQLV-)5267㸧ࢹࢽࢫ࣭-࣭ࣇࣟࢫࢺ㸦'HQQLV-)5267㸧࣐࢝ࣛࢬ࣮኱Ꮫᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔♫఍⛉Ꮫ㒊෸ᩍᤵࠋ༤ኈྕ㸦ࢥࣟࣥࣅ࢔኱Ꮫ㸧ࠋ᪥ᮏࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶⴭ

࣐࢝ࣛࢬ࣮኱Ꮫᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔♫఍⛉Ꮫ㒊෸ᩍᤵࠋ༤ኈྕ㸦ࢥࣟࣥࣅ࢔኱Ꮫ㸧ࠋ᪥ᮏࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶⴭ

ྡேࡢṔྐࢆ⥛ࡗࡓ 6HHLQJ6WDUV6SRUWV&HOHEULW\,GHQWLW\DQG%RG\&XOWXUHLQྡேࡢṔྐࢆ⥛ࡗࡓ 6HHLQJ6WDUV6SRUWV&HOHEULW\,GHQWLW\DQG%RG\&XOWXUHLQ

0RGHUQ-DSDQ㸦༢ⴭࠊ+DUYDUG(DVW$VLDQ0RQRJUDSKVࠊ㸧࡞࡝ࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅ

0RGHUQ-DSDQ㸦༢ⴭࠊ+DUYDUG(DVW$VLDQ0RQRJUDSKVࠊ㸧࡞࡝ࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅ

ࡿࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢṔྐ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᮏࢆᇳ➹୰ࠋࡿࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭࣒࣮ࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜㞀ᐖ⪅ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢṔྐ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᮏࢆᇳ➹୰ࠋ㣤➲ బ௦Ꮚ㸦6D\RNR,,=$6$㸧㣤➲ బ௦Ꮚ㸦6D\RNR,,=$6$㸧㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᐈဨ◊✲ဨࠊᮾ໭ᩥ໬Ꮫᅬ኱Ꮫᩍᤵࠋ

㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᐈဨ◊✲ဨࠊᮾ໭ᩥ໬Ꮫᅬ኱Ꮫᩍᤵࠋ

୍ᶫ኱Ꮫ༤ኈ㸦♫఍Ꮫ㸧ࠋᑓ㛛ࡣከᩥ໬♫఍ㄽࠊࢩࢸ࢕ࢬࣥࢩࢵࣉ◊✲ࠋࠗࢩࢸ࢕ࢬࣥࢩࢵ

୍ᶫ኱Ꮫ༤ኈ㸦♫఍Ꮫ㸧ࠋᑓ㛛ࡣከᩥ໬♫఍ㄽࠊࢩࢸ࢕ࢬࣥࢩࢵࣉ◊✲ࠋࠗࢩࢸ࢕ࢬࣥࢩࢵ

ࣉ࡜ከᩥ໬ᅜᐙ㸫࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࠿ࡽㄞࡳゎࡃ࠘㸦༢ⴭࠊ᪥ᮏ⤒῭ホㄽ♫  ᖺ㸧ࠊࠗ⛣ືࣉ࡜ከᩥ໬ᅜᐙ㸫࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࠿ࡽㄞࡳゎࡃ࠘㸦༢ⴭࠊ᪥ᮏ⤒῭ホㄽ♫  ᖺ㸧ࠊࠗ⛣ື࡜࠸࠺⤒㦂㸫᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⛣Ẹ◊✲ࡢㄢ㢟࠘㸦ඹⴭࠊ᭷ಙᇽ  ᖺ㸧࡞࡝ࠋ࡜࠸࠺⤒㦂㸫᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⛣Ẹ◊✲ࡢㄢ㢟࠘㸦ඹⴭࠊ᭷ಙᇽ  ᖺ㸧࡞࡝ࠋᑠ಴ ࿴ኵ㸦.D]XR2*285$㸧ᑠ಴ ࿴ኵ㸦.D]XR2*285$㸧᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ◊✲఍௦⾲࠾ࡼࡧ᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢭࣥࢱ࣮⌮஦

᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ◊✲఍௦⾲࠾ࡼࡧ᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢭࣥࢱ࣮⌮஦㛗ࠋ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ≉ูᣍ⪸ᩍᤵࠋᮾி኱ᏛἲᏛ㒊༞ࠋ ᖺእົ┬ධ┬ࠋ㥔࣋ࢺࢼ࣒࣭㡑ᅜ࣭㛗ࠋ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ≉ูᣍ⪸ᩍᤵࠋᮾி኱ᏛἲᏛ㒊༞ࠋ ᖺእົ┬ධ┬ࠋ㥔࣋ࢺࢼ࣒࣭㡑ᅜ࣭ࣇࣛࣥࢫ኱౑ࠊ⊂❧⾜ᨻἲேᅜ㝿஺ὶᇶ㔠⌮஦㛗ࠊᮾி  ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵ

ࣇࣛࣥࢫ኱౑ࠊ⊂❧⾜ᨻἲேᅜ㝿஺ὶᇶ㔠⌮஦㛗ࠊᮾி  ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࣃࣛࣜࣥࣆࢵ

ࢡᣍ⮴ጤဨ఍ホ㆟఍஦ົ⥲㛗ࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ⌧⫋ࠋࢡᣍ⮴ጤဨ఍ホ㆟఍஦ົ⥲㛗ࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ⌧⫋ࠋᅵᒣ ᐿ⏨㸦-LWVXR768&+,<$0$㸧ᅵᒣ ᐿ⏨㸦-LWVXR768&+,<$0$㸧㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᡤ㛗ࠊྠ኱Ꮫᅜ㝿ᨻ἞⤒῭Ꮫ㒊ᩍᤵࠋ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᡤ㛗ࠊྠ኱Ꮫᅜ㝿ᨻ἞⤒῭Ꮫ㒊ᩍᤵࠋྠ኱Ꮫ๓๪Ꮫ㛗ࠋ࣓࣮ࣜࣛࣥࢻ኱Ꮫ 3K'ࠋᑓ㛛ࡣᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠋ,QVWLWXWLRQDOL]LQJ1RUWKHDVWྠ኱Ꮫ๓๪Ꮫ㛗ࠋ࣓࣮ࣜࣛࣥࢻ኱Ꮫ 3K'ࠋᑓ㛛ࡣᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠋ,QVWLWXWLRQDOL]LQJ1RUWKHDVW$VLD5HJLRQDO6WHSV7RZDUGV*OREDO*RYHUQDQFH ඹ⦅ࠊ8QLWHG1DWLRQV8QLYHUVLW\3UHVVࠊ$VLD5HJLRQDO6WHSV7RZDUGV*OREDO*RYHUQDQFH ඹ⦅ࠊ8QLWHG1DWLRQV8QLYHUVLW\3UHVVࠊ ࠊ
ࠗᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࡢᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ䯍↔ࡾ࡜ഫࡾ࠘㸦➨஧∧㸧㸦༢ⴭࠊ᭷ᩫ㛶  ᖺ㸧࡞࡝ࠋ

 ࠊ
ࠗᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࡢᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ䯍↔ࡾ࡜ഫࡾ࠘㸦➨஧∧㸧㸦༢ⴭࠊ᭷ᩫ㛶  ᖺ㸧࡞࡝ࠋ

79

79ஒ৛৾੹প৾঺ভ৴௚ਃଡব੠ઐ૴ુ৊ଢ଼஢崣嵛崧嵤嵣঩মଃ੮崹嵑嵒嵛崼崫崗ଢ଼஢ভુಈ
ਗਜ੄嵣൐঩ৗୂ঺ ৏ରஆয়ষ৆১যব੠ઐ૴੦স ஃਛਁஇଃ੮১যূ਎崒嵒嵛崼崫崗嵣崹嵑嵒嵛崼崫崗଼ૼপভੌ௶੻৩ভ ੈৡஒ৛৾੹প৾঺ভ৴௚ਃଡব੠ઐ૴ુ৊ଢ଼஢崣嵛崧嵤嵣঩মଃ੮崹嵑嵒嵛崼崫崗ଢ଼஢ভુಈ
ਗਜ੄嵣൐঩ৗୂ঺ ৏ରஆয়ষ৆১যব੠ઐ૴੦স ஃਛਁஇଃ੮১যূ਎崒嵒嵛崼崫崗嵣崹嵑嵒嵛崼崫崗଼ૼপভੌ௶੻৩ভ ੈৡ‫׎‬ᨥἉὅἯἊỸἲᴾ‫׎‬ᨥἉὅἯἊỸἲᴾ

ἋἯὊ἖ửᡫẳẺ‫ٶ‬૨҄σဃỉசஹỆӼẬềᴾ

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䢴䢲䢳䢸 ᖺ 䢴 ᭶Ⓨ⾜䢢䢢Ⓨ⾜⪅䢢㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ䢢 ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓ䢢 ᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲償兗儣兠䢢傞䢳䢷䢲䢯䢺䢵䢸䢸䢢 ᮾி㒔῰㇂༊῰㇂ 䢶䢯䢶䢯䢴䢷䢢 ⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ儷兏 䢵 㝵䢢䣖䣇䣎䢼䢢䢲䢵䢯䢵䢶䢲䢻䢯䢸䢷䢻䢳䢢䣈䣃䣚䢼䢢䢲䢵䢯䢵䢶䢲䢻䢯䢸䢷䢻䢲䢢䣗䣔䣎䢼䢢䣪䣶䣶䣲䢼䢱䢱䣹䣹䣹䢰䣬䣴䣫䣲䣧䣥䢰䣣䣱䣻䣣䣯䣣䢰䣣䣥䢰䣬䣲䢢䣇䢯䣯䣣䣫䣮䢼䢢䣫䣰䣨䣱䣂䣬䣴䣫䣲䣧䣥䢰䣣䣱䣻䣣䣯䣣䢰䣣䣥䢰䣬䣲䢢䢢㠀኎ရ兟⚗↓᩿㌿㍕ཬ僙」〇䢢䢢䤊䢴䢲䢳䢸䢢 㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓ䢢 ᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲償兗儣兠䢢䣌䣱䣫䣰䣶䢢䣔䣧䣵䣧䣣䣴䣥䣪䢢䣋䣰䣵䣶䣫䣶䣷䣶䣧䢢䣨䣱䣴䢢䣋䣰䣶䣧䣴䣰䣣䣶䣫䣱䣰䣣䣮䢢䣒䣧䣣䣥䣧䢢䣣䣰䣦䢢䣅䣷䣮䣶䣷䣴䣧䢪䣌䣔䣋䣒䣇䣅䢫䢢䣋䣰䣵䣶䣫䣶䣷䣶䣧䢢䣨䣱䣴䢢䣕䣱䣥䣫䣣䣮䢢䣅䣱䣮䣮䣣䣤䣱䣴䣣䣶䣫䣱䣰䢢䣃䣱䣻䣣䣯䣣䢢䣉䣣䣭䣷䣫䣰䢢䣗䣰䣫䣸䣧䣴䣵䣫䣶䣻䢢

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䢴䢲䢳䢸 ᖺ 䢴 ᭶Ⓨ⾜䢢䢢Ⓨ⾜⪅䢢㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ䢢 ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓ䢢 ᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲償兗儣兠䢢傞䢳䢷䢲䢯䢺䢵䢸䢸䢢 ᮾி㒔῰㇂༊῰㇂ 䢶䢯䢶䢯䢴䢷䢢 ⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ儷兏 䢵 㝵䢢䣖䣇䣎䢼䢢䢲䢵䢯䢵䢶䢲䢻䢯䢸䢷䢻䢳䢢䣈䣃䣚䢼䢢䢲䢵䢯䢵䢶䢲䢻䢯䢸䢷䢻䢲䢢䣗䣔䣎䢼䢢䣪䣶䣶䣲䢼䢱䢱䣹䣹䣹䢰䣬䣴䣫䣲䣧䣥䢰䣣䣱䣻䣣䣯䣣䢰䣣䣥䢰䣬䣲䢢䣇䢯䣯䣣䣫䣮䢼䢢䣫䣰䣨䣱䣂䣬䣴䣫䣲䣧䣥䢰䣣䣱䣻䣣䣯䣣䢰䣣䣥䢰䣬䣲䢢䢢㠀኎ရ兟⚗↓᩿㌿㍕ཬ僙」〇䢢䢢䤊䢴䢲䢳䢸䢢 㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ♫఍㐃ᦠᶵᵓ䢢 ᅜ㝿஺ὶඹྠ◊✲償兗儣兠䢢䣌䣱䣫䣰䣶䢢䣔䣧䣵䣧䣣䣴䣥䣪䢢䣋䣰䣵䣶䣫䣶䣷䣶䣧䢢䣨䣱䣴䢢䣋䣰䣶䣧䣴䣰䣣䣶䣫䣱䣰䣣䣮䢢䣒䣧䣣䣥䣧䢢䣣䣰䣦䢢䣅䣷䣮䣶䣷䣴䣧䢪䣌䣔䣋䣒䣇䣅䢫䢢䣋䣰䣵䣶䣫䣶䣷䣶䣧䢢䣨䣱䣴䢢䣕䣱䣥䣫䣣䣮䢢䣅䣱䣮䣮䣣䣤䣱䣴䣣䣶䣫䣱䣰䢢䣃䣱䣻䣣䣯䣣䢢䣉䣣䣭䣷䣫䣰䢢䣗䣰䣫䣸䣧䣴䣵䣫䣶䣻䢢

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