IV.--NEW

OR LITTLE-KNOWN T I P U L I D A E (DIPTERA).
C. ORIENTAL-AUSTRALASIAN SPECIES.

By C~A~LES P. AI~EXAND~, Ph.D., F.R.E.S.,
University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
I n this, the one-hundredth part under this general title, I wish to expressm y deep thanks and appreciation to the officers of Messrs. Taylor andFrancis for the privilege of being able to publish this extensive seriesof papers on the Tipulidae in the Annals and Magazine of Natural
History. The initial part appeared in Series 9, volume 5, in J a n u a r y
1920, and publication has continued without interruption during the
succeeding thirty-five years.
In the present instalment I am considering species from India andThailand, with a few scattered further species that are indicated in the
text.

Tipula (Schummelia) dharma, sp. n.
Size large (wing, male, 11-5 ram.) ; mesonotum yellow, patterned withbrown, including a darkened area on the scutellum ; pleura and pleurotergite yellow ; femora brown, the tips broadly black ; wings infuscated,conspicuously patterned with darker brown and whitened areas; cellM 1 very deep; male hypopygium with the dorsal crest of the innerdististyle low, densely setiferous ; a spatulate appendage on ninth sternite.
Male.--Length about 13 ram. ; wing 11.5 ram. ; antenna about
3.1 ram.
Frontal prolongation of head light yellow, conspicuously dark brownon sides ; nasus elongate, darkened outwardly ; palpi black. Antennm
with scape and pedicel light yellow, the proximal flagellar segments
light brown, with darker basal enlargements, outer segments black;verticils, especially of the outer segments, conspicuous. Head yellow onfront, more obscure behind, patterned with brown.
Pronotum infuscated above, yellow on sides. Mesonotal prsescutumwith the ground yellow, with three brown stripes, the central one broad,all stripes confluent behind ; scutal lobes infuscated ; scutellum brownish
yellow, with a dark brown central area; mediotergite and dorsal partof pteuro~ergite weakly infuscated, the former vaguely more yellowed on
central part. Pleura and ventral pleurotergite yellow. Halteres withstem weakly infuscated, its base yellow, knob chiefly orange-yellow.
Legs with all coxse and trochanters yellow; femora brown, the tips
broadly blackened, tibise and tarsi passing into black; claws with aweak tooth. Wings with the ground infuscated, conspicuously variegated with darker brown and whitened areas; prearcular and costal
regions more yellowed; stigma relatively small, dark brown; darker

C. P. Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

37

clouds beyond arculus, beyond mid-length and at outer end of cell M, andin distal ends of outer radial cells, the whitened areas occupying most of
the cells beyond cord, near outer end of cell M, before stigma, and as
spots at and near ends of both anal veins ; veins dark brown, somewhat
paler in the brightened fields. Macrotrichia of veins relatively short andinconspicuous. Venation: Rs relatively long, about three-fourths
R2+3; cell M 1 very deep, its petiole only about one-fourth m ; basal
section of M3+ 4 about one-half that of MI+ ~.
Abdominal tergites medium brown, variegated with darker sublateralspots, the lateral margins o f the more proximal segments more yellowed ;subterminal segments more uniformly darkened; basal sternites andhypopygium yellow. Male hypopygium with the tergite transverse, theposterior border feebly emarginate, the margin narrowly blackened;each lobe produced beneath into a blackened tooth and flange. Outerdististyle long and slender, gradually narrowed to the obtuse tip, thelength about five times the diameter at base. Inner dististyle low, theblackened beak produced, lower beak obtuse ; dorsal crest low, becoming
higher behind, terminating precipitously at posterior end of style, provided
with abundant long yellow set~e. Ninth sternite with a spatulate appendage that is evidently dilated outwardly, appearing hood-shaped or
scoop-like, the open end of the hood directed outwardly, the surface
with abundant microscopic setul0e. Eighth sternite narrow, unarmed.
Hab. Thailand (Chiengmai Province).
Holotype, d~, Doi Sutep, November 1953 (Manop Ruttanapradith).
The most similar regional species are Tipula (Schummelia) hampsoni
Edwards and T. (S.) sessilis Edwards, which differ in all details ofcoloration and in the structure of the male hypopygium, including thegreatly dilated appendage of the ninth sternite. The outer wing-cellsof the present fly are not as deep as in hampsoni.

Tipula (Schummelia) hinayana, sp. n.
Size small (wing, male, 8 ram.); mesonotum chiefly black, anterior
third of prsescutum yellow ; pleura yellow, propleura, anterior half ofanepisternum, and metapleura black ; halteres blackened ; wings weakly
tinged with brown, cell Sc and the stigma dark brown; cell 1st M 2
small; abdomen chiefly brownish black, the basal segments variegatedwith yellow ; male hypopygium with the ninth tergite produced mediallyinto two setiferous lobes; outer dististyle unusually short and broad;inner dististyle with the beak short and stout.
Male.--Length about 8 ram. ; wing 8 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head obscure yellow above, dark brown onsides; nasus small; palpi with proximal two segments black, third
segment paler, terminal segment broken. Antennm broken. Head darkbrown.
Pronotum testaceous yellow above, the sides black. Mesonotal
prsescutum brownish black, the anterior third abruptly yellow, thecotour continued along the sides to the scutum ; posterior sclerites of38

C . P . Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

notum black, the postnotum more opaque. Pleura yellow, the propleuraand anterior half of anepisternum black ; posterior selerites, including
the pleurotergite and metapleura black ; a pale brown area on sternopleurite. Halteres blackened, base of stem obscure yellow. Legs withthe fore and middle coxm yellow, posterior coxm dark brown ; trochanters
yellow; femora brownish yellow, the base clearer yellow, tip narrowly
black ; tibiae and basitarsi brownish yellow, the tips narrowly darkened,remainder of tarsi black. Wings with a weak brownish tinge, the borderstill darker brown ; cell C brownish yellow, Sc and stigma darker brown ;broad brown seams on Cu and m-cu, narrower on anterior cord and evercertain of the veins; restricted obliterative areas before and beyond
stigma and across cell 1st M 2 ; veins dark brown, restrictedly yellowed
before stigma. Venation: Rs short, a little longer than basal sectionof Rd+5 ; cell M 1 very deep, its petiole about one-half longer than m ;cell 1st M~. small ; m-cu at near mid-length of Ms+ a.
Basal abdominal tergite brownish yellow, succeeding tergites
restrictedly yellow, very heavily patterned with brownish black, theintermediate and outer segments uniformly darkened, basal sternites
yellow; hypopygium variegated with yellow and black. Male hypopyglum distinctive; ninth tergite transverse, the median region produced
into a pale double lobe, each half more expanded outwardly, slightly
divergent, provided with abundant short set~e ; lateral tergal lobes low
and obtuse, with short setul~e and sparse setze. Outer dististyle very
short and broad, its length only about twice the width at mid-length;
inner style with its body almost oval, the beak short and stout, blackened,
the lower beak still more obtuse. ZEdeagus relatively long ; apophyses
paler and narrowed at outer ends.
Hab. Thailand (Chiengmai Province).
Holotype, ~, Huey Kao, June 16th, 1953 (Manop Ruttanapradith).
This unusually small member of the subgenus is quite distinct in thecoloration of the body and in the structure of the male hypopygium.
It most resembles species such as Tipula (Schummelia) bicolorata Alexander and T. (S.) salakensis Alexander, but is quite distinct in thecharacters indicated.
Tipula (Schummelia) turea, sp. n.
Size medium (wing, male, 9.3 ram.); mesonotat pr~escutum obscureyellow, vaguely patterned with brown; posterior sclerites of notum,
especially the parascutella and postnotum, darker; apex of knob ofhMtere whitened; femora obscure yellow, the fore and middle pairs
with a narrow brown subterminal ring, posterior femora with this broader,
blackened, apical in position, tibim and tarsi brownish black; wings
weakly infuscated, cells C and Sc dark brown; cell 1st M 2 small, its
inner end pointed ; m-cu shortly before fork of M ; male hypopygiumwith the beak of the inner dististyle long and slender, body of stylewith six large circular pale areas.
Male.--Length about 9 ram. ; wing 9.3 ram.

C. P. Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

39

Frontal prolongation of head light brown; first segment of palpus
brownish black, second and third obscure yellow, the outer ends moredarkened, terminal segment infuscated. Antennae broken. Head brown.
Pronotum brownish yellow. Mesonotal przescutum chiefly obscureyellow, with vague pale brown stripes, the posterior sclerites of notum
darker; scutal lobes patterned with dark brown; parascutella andposterior border of scutellum black ; mediotergite chiefly brownish grey,
the posterior border and dorsal pleurotergite strongly darkened. Pleura
testaceous yelIow, the dorsal part a little more darkened. Halteres withstem brownish yellow, knob dark brown with whitened tip. Legs withall coxm and trochanters testaceous yellow ; femora obscure yellow, thefore and middle pair with a narrow brown subterminal ring, the posterior
pair with the ring broader and darker, terminal in position or virtually
so ; tibim and tarsi brownish black to black, the extreme bases of theformer pale; claws simple. Wings weakly infuseated, cell Sc and thestigma dark brown; narrow paler brown seams on anterior cord, Cu
and m - c u ; conspicuous pale areas before and beyond stigma and lessevidently across the fork of M ; veins brown; paler in the obliterative
areas. Venation : Rs short, gently arcuated, more than one-half longer
than the basal section of R4+ 5 ; cell M 1 deep, about four times its petiole ;cell 1st M 2 small, its inner end pointed; m-cu immediately before fork of M.
Abdominal tergites yellow, t h e posterior and lateral borders conspicuously brownish black, the former narrower on the outer segments ;sternites uniformly clear yellow ; hypopygium yellow. Male hypopygium
damaged, mounted on a microscope slide. Outer dististyle short andbroad, about four times as long as wide, the tip very obtuse; innerstyle with the body subquadrate, beak long and slender, lower beakvertical to precipitous ; body of style with relatively few but long setse ;near posterior end with six large circular pale areas, very much larger
than the setigerous punctures. Gonapophyses appearing as large pale
blades that exceed in length the slender sedeagus, the tip of the latter
short and slightly decurved.
Hab. Thailand (Chiengmai Province).
Holotype, ~, Doi Sutep, November 1953 (Manop Ruttanapradith).
The most similar species include Tipula (Schummelia) klossi Edwards
and T. (S.) vocator, sp. n., which differ primarily in the structure of themale hypopygium.
Tipula (Schummelia) vocator, sp. n.
Thoracic dorsum chiefly dark brown, prsescutum paler, lined withnarrow brown stripes, pleura and p]europtergite brownish black; apexof knob of halteres yellow; femora brownish yellow, the tip, with thetibise and tarsi, black ; wings subhyaline, stigma and cell Sc dark brown,veins more narrowly seamed with brown ; cell R~ at margin very extensivece]l 1st M s small, its inner end pointed, m-cu just beyond the fork of M ;abdominal tergites obscure yellow, the posterior and lateral borders of
the segments brownish black ; male hypopygium with the tergite produced

40

C . P . Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

medially into a triangular blade that narrows to an acute spine ; innerdististyle oval, the disk with long retrorse setee; apex of mdeagus
recurred.
Male.--Length about 9 ram. ; wing 10 ram.
Frontal prolongation of head black, narrowly paler on dorsal surface ;palpi dark brown. Antennse with scape and pedicel brownish yellow,
flagellum brown, the first segment somewhat paler, the succeeding two
segments with the basal part a trifle darker, outer segments broken.
Head dark brown, vaguely patterned with brownish yellow on anteriorvertex.
Thoracic dorsmn chiefly dark brown, the prsescutum paler, with narrowbrown stripes. Pleura and pleurotergite brownish black, scarcely
patterned. Halteres with stem and apex of knob obscure yellow, theremainder of knob dark brown. Legs with the coxm dark brown ; frochanters yellow ; femora brownish yellow, the tips narrowly blackened ;tibise and tarsi black. Wings subhyaline, cell Sc and the stigma darkbrown, prearcular field and cell C more yellowed ; a very narrow brown
seam over the cord; wing-tip, especially in cell R~, less evidently
darkened ; still less distinct brown seams along vein Cu, outer longitudinalveins, and tip of vein 2nd A ; veins dark brown. Venation : Rs very
short, straight, subequal to basal section of R4+ 5 ; vein RI+ 2 relatively
short, deflected cephalad, vein R a swung caudad, paralleling vein R4+5,
cell R 2 at margin thus very extensive; cell M 1 deep, approximately
three times its petiole ; cell 1st M 2 small, its inner end pointed, m-cu
just beyond the fork of M ; cell M~ deep, widest at base, as in thesubgenus.
Abdominal tergites obscure yellow, conspicuously patterned withbrownish black, including the lateral and posterior borders, the outer
segments more uniformly darkened ; basal sternites clear yellow. Male
hypopygium with the tergite produced medially into a triangular bladethat terminates in an acute point, the upper surface provided with very
delicate setulse. Outer dististyle short, less than four times as long as
broad, the tip obtuse. Inner dististyle oval in outline, the beak longer
than the lower beak which is very obtuse ; disk of style with long retrorse
setup. Phallosome with the ~edeagus subequal in length to the narrowblade-like apophyses, its tip reeurved.
Hab. Thailand (Chiengmai Province).
Holotype, c~, Doi Sutep, November 1953 (Manop Ruttanapradith).
Tipula (Schummelia) vocator is quite distinct from other regional
members of the subgenus in coloration, venation, and details of structureof the male hypopygium. Among the described species, it is closest toT. (S.) klossi Edwards.

Lechria fuscomarginata, sp. n.
General coloration of thorax dull orange, pleura more yellowed ; headclear grey ; wings subhyaline, conspicuously patterned with pale brown,
including broad seams over the cord and outer end of cell let M.z ; wing-C. P. Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)41

tip and margin similarly clouded ; Rs shorter than basal section of MI+ 2 ;a short basal section of vein R 5 ; basal section of Ml+ e very long.
Female.--Length about 7 ram. ; wing 8.5 mm.
t~ostrum buffy; palpi brownish black. Antennae with the scapeorange, weakly darkened at outer end, pedicel dark brown; flagellum
broken. Head clear g r e y ; anterior vertex about two-thirds as wide
as the diameter of scape ; set~e of vertex abundant, black, proclinate.
Pronotum brownish yellow. Mesonotal pr~escutum dull orange, thepseudosutural revere concolorous ; scutal lobes dark brown, the medianarea and the seutellum brownish yellow; mediotergite reddish brownbasally, the posterior and lateral parts darker. Pleurotergite andpleura orange-yellow. Halteres with stem yellow, knob dark brown. Legs
with the coxm reddened ; trochanters yellow ; remainder of legs brown,
the outer tarsal segments darker. Wings subhyaline, conspicuously
patterned with pale brown, including broad seams over cord and outerend of cell 1st M e, together with the broad wing-tip, m o s t extensive inthe radial field, extended backward to beyond Cu ; stigma very narrow,darker brown; veins brownish black. Venation: Rs shorter than thebasal section of MI+ 2 ; basal section of R a short ; a short basal sectionof vein R 5 ; basal section of Ml+ 2 very long, exceeding three times thesecond section; m-cu about its own length beyond fork of M ; cell
2nd A moderately broad.
Abdomen with proximal tergites brownish yellow, the sixth to eighth
tergites dark brown, sternites more uniformly burly yellow. Ovipositor
with the cerci fringed with sparse but conspicuous setse.
Hab. South India (Madras).
Holotype, 9, Kodaikanal, Pulney (Palni) Hills, altitude 6,500 feet. May
31st, 1953 (P. Susai Nathan).
Lechria fuscomarginata is entirely different from all previously described
members of the genus in its distinctly patterned wings. It differs further
from all other Indian species in the coloration and in the details ofvenation. Among the generally similar regional forms are Lechria
bengalensis Brunetti and L. interstitialis Alexander.

Limonia (Rhipidia) kama, sp. n.
General coloration of mesonotai pr~escutum and scutum reddish
brown, the posterior sclerites darker; pleura brown with two narrowbrownish-black longitudinal stripes; antennse of male with six bipectinate segments ; wings strongly tinged with brown, virtually unpatterned
Sc relatively short, Sc 1 ending about o ~posite one-third Rs, Sc~ near its
tip ; m-cu before fork of M, in cases to nearly its own length ; malehypopygium with four relatively short rostral spines.
Male.--Length about 5.5-6 mm. ; wing 6-6.5 mm. ; antenna about
2-2.2 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black, the former about one-third as long asremainder of head. Antennse black, the apical pedicels of the flagellar
segments paler; first flagellar segment and those beyond the seventh42

C . P . Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

simple to barely produced, segments two to seven, inclusive, with twomoderately long branches, the longest slightly less than three times thesegment. Head dark g r e y ; anterior vertex narrow, about one-halfwider than the diameter of the scape.
Pronotum light brown. Mesonotal prsescutum reddish brown, not or
scarcely patterned ; posterior sclerites of notum dark brown to brownish
black, pleurotergite paler. Pleura brown, with two narrow brownishblack longitudinal stripes, the ventral sternopleurite and meron obscureyellow. Hal~eres with the stem pale, knob infuscated. Legs with thecoxee yellow testaceous, narrowly darkened basally ; trochanters yellow ;femora obscure yellow to brownish yellow, shghtly darker outwardly,
the extreme tips pale; tibiae and tarsi brown, the latter passing into
black. Wings strongly tinged with brown, almost unpatterned, in caseswith tiny whitish dots scattered over the disk, not or scarcely apparent ;veins brown. Costal fringe short. Venation: Sc relatively short, Sc 1
ending about opposite one-third Rs, Sc 2 near its tip; m-cu shortly
before fork of M, in the extreme cases nearly equal to its own length.
Abdominal tergites brownish black, the sternites paler, with narrow
more silvery posterior borders; subterminal segments blackened toform a distinct ring ; hypopygium brownish yellow. Male hypopygiumwith the tergite transverse, its posterior border very gently emarginate,
the lobes vaguely indicated. Basistyle short, ventromesal lobe large,
with a small accessory lobule near its base. Dorsal dististyle a strongly
curved sickle, the tip acute. Ventral dististyle suboval, more extensive
than the basistyle ; restful prolongation narrow, with four (sometimes
three) relatively short spines at near mid-length, the longest not exceeding
the length of the prolongation beyond its insertion. Gonapophysis
with mesalapical lobe stout, straight, the tip slightly curved.
Hab. India (Assam).
Holotype, ~, Cherrapunji, Khasi Hills, altitude 4,000 feet, 1954 (S.
Sircar). Paratopotypes, 5 ~ .
In its virtually unpatterned wings, the present fly is most similar to
Limonia (l~hipidia) impictipennls Alexander, of north-eastern Burma,differing conspicuously in the structure of the antennae and the malehypopygium, particularly the rostral armature.

Limonia (Thrypticomyia) mar]csae, sp. n.
Six relatively large (wing, 7 ram. or more); general coloration ofthorax light brown, pleura more yellowed; basitarsi chiefly brownish
black, with about the outer third and remainder of tarsi snowy white;wings with the stigmal region very large; Rs unusually short, onlyabout one-third longer than the basal section of R4÷5; distal section
OfRl+ 2 subequal to Rs ; cell M~ open by atrophy o f m ; male hypopygiumwith the lateral angles of tergites conspicuously produced into lobes
that bear long setee ; rostral spines two, small.
Males.--Length about 6-6.2 ram. ; wing 7-7.5 mm.
Female.--Length about 7 mm. ; wing 7.5 ram.

C. P. Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

43

Described from alcoholic material.
Rostrum and palpi black.
Antennae brown ; flagellar segments oval to long-oval, with conspicuous
pedicels ; verticils shorter than the segments. Head dark brown.
Pronotum and mesonotum light brown, the central area of theprmscutum and the scutal lobes darker brown, pleura more yeliowed.
ttalteres elongate, stem pale, knob infuscated.
Legs with the coxae
and troehanters yellow, the middle and hind cox~e with conspicuous
set~e ; femora and tibiae brown, the former a trifle paler basally ; basitarsi
chiefly brownish black, with about the outer third on posterior legs white,remainder of tarsi snowy white. Wings with a weak brownish tinge,
the enlarged stigmal region darker brown, costal border less evidently
darkened; veins brown. Venation: S q ending just before origin ofRs, S% some distance back, Scl alone exceeding m-cu; Rs unusuallyshort, only about one-third longer than the basal section of R4+ 5 ; R2+ a
subequM to the latter; free tip of Sc 2 pale but conspicuous; distal
section of RI+ 2 elongate, subequal to or slightly longer than Rs ; cell M 2
open by atrophy of m ; m-cu only a short distance beyond fork of M,
up to one-half its length.
Abdomen light brown, the posterior borders narrowly darker brown.
Male hypopygium relatively large; ninth tergite transverse, the outer
lateral lobes conspicuously produced, provided with several strong
set~e. Basistyle with ventromesal lobe stout, obtuse. Dorsal dististyleslender. Ventral dististyle relatively large and fleshy, sloping downward
to the stout prolongation, the lower margin of the latter with a row ofstrong set~e ; rostral spines two, at base of prolongation, relatively short,placed close together near summit of a low tubercle. Gonapophysis
with mesalapical lobe flattened, its tip acute.
Hab. North Queensland.
Holotype, alcoholic ~7, Low Isles, Great Barrier Reef, near Port Douglas,
August 14th, 1954 (E. N. Marks). Allotopotype, ~_. Paratopotype, (~.
Dancing on webs of a spider, Gasteracantha, at edge of mangroves.
I am pleased to name this exeeptionMly interesting crane-fly for th~collector, Dr. Elizabeth N. Marks, of the University of Queensland,
member of the Expedition to the Low Isles b y the Great Barrier Reef
Committee. The fly is very distinct in the venation, as the short Rs
and open cell M2, and in the structure of the male hypopygium, especiallythe tergite. Among the regional species it most suggests Limonia(Thrypticomyia) microstigma (Alexander) and L. (T.) zimmermaniana(Alexander). The association with spiders and their webs has beenrecorded for various species of this subgenus, and also for Euqlochina,
in the Ethiopian and Oriental Regions, but had not before been noted
in any of the rather numerous Australasian forms. The types of thepresent species are to be preserved in the Queensland Museum, together
with the other materials secured b y the members of the expedition.

Paradelphomyia (Oxyrhiza) manopi, sp. n.
Size small (wing under 5 mm.) ; mesonotum orange or fulvous, vaguely
patterned with darker ; antennae short, with a whitened fusion-segment

44

C . P . Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)that involves about five segments; legs blackened, femoral bases
yellowed, tibise black with a narrow white ring at base ; wings brownish
yellow, with a restricted b u t clearly-defined brown p a t t e r n ; R 2 somedistance before fork, subequal to R3+a; cells of wings without macrotrichia ; male hypopygium with the dististyles slightly subterminal in
position, outer style tridentate at apex ; spines of the ventral fork stout,
straight.
M a l e . - - L e n g t h about 3.5-4 ram. ; wing 4-4.5 ram. ; antenna about
0.8 mm.
F e m a l e . - - L e n g t h about 5 mm. ; wing 4.8 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennse short, apparently only 12segmented, the fusion-segment apparently involving five flagellar
segments ; scape and pedicel light orange, fusion-segment almost white,remainder of organ dark brown ; flagellar segments elongate, with still
longer verticils ; fusion-segment short and compact. Head brownish grey.
Pronotum and mesonota] prsescutum chiefly orange or fulvous,
vaguely patterned with darker ; posterior sclerites of notum slightly
more darkened.
Pleura brown with a narrow but conspicuous black
longitudinal stripe extending from the cervical region to beyond thewing-root; metapleural region blackened. Halteres short, stem pale,knob weakly darkened. Legs with the coxse and trochanters blackened,
the fore coxse a little paler; fore femora with about the outer half
blackened, the base obscure yellow; remaining femora chiefly obscureyellow, the tips darker ; tibise black, with a narrow white ring at base ;tarsi dark brown. Wings a little broader in male than in female, brownish
yellow, the prearcular and costal regions brighter yellow ; a weak brownsuffusion in curbital and anal fields and along vein R 5 to margin; arestricted but distinct and unusually clear-cut dark brown pattern,including spots at h, origin of R8, Sc 1, Sc 2, stigma, and ends of veins
Ra and Ra; paler brown spots beyond arculus, on veins R and Cu,
origin of Rs, at cord and outer end of cell ist M 2, form of M1+2, and as
marginal spots at ends of longitudinal veins, the largest at 2nd A ; veins
yellow, darker in the patterned areas. Costal fringe relatively short;
no macrotrichia in wing-cells ; in male, wing broadest just before termination of vein 2nd A . Venation: R 2 some distance before fork,
sube'qual to or shorter than R3+4; cell R a wide at margin; cell M 1
about equal to its petiole; m - c u at or beyond mid-length of M3+4;
vein 2nd A bent at a right-angle into the margin, more or less spurred atpoint of angulation.
Abdomen yellowish brown, variegated with darker, the proximal
ends of the basistyles pMer. Male hypopygium with the dististyleaslightly subterminal, the apex of basistyle obtuse. Outer dististylewidened outwardly, with two outer apicM teeth and a longer innerterminal one, separated by ~ U-shaped emargination ; inner style very
stout, especially basally. Spines of the ventrat fork straight, unusually
stout, narrowed very gradually to the acute tips, much longer than thesedeagus.

C. P. Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

45

Hab. Thailand (Chiengmai Province).
Holotype, ~, Doi Sutep, November 1953 (Manop Ruttanapradith).
Allotopotype, 9, pinned with ~ype. Paratopotypes, several c~9 ; paratypes,c~, Payao-Chiengmai Road, at fountain, March 22nd, 1953 (ThurmanManeT).
I am pleased to name this fly for Mr. Manop Ruttanapradith, to whom
we are indebted for several interesting Tipulidm from the vicinity ofChiengmai. The species is entirely distinct from other regional membersof the genus having patterned wings, including among others, Paradelphomyia (Oxyrhiza) bhava, sp. n., P. (0.) mitra Alexander, P. (0.)
nubifera Alexander, P. (0.) prayooni Alexander, and P. (0.) subnebulosa
Alexander. It differs from these in the structure of the antennm, patternof the legs and wings, lack of macrotrichia in the wing-cells, and in thedetails of structure of the male hypopygimn.
Paradelphomyia (Oxyrhiza) bhava, sp. n.
Size small (wing, male, 4 mm.); mesonotum chestnut-brown, pleura
darker brown with a vague ~-~ore silvery stripe; legs obscure yellow;
wings cream-coloured, with numerous pale brown clouds, including a
costal series of about five such darkenings ; R 2 at or close to fork of
R2+a+4 ; base of the small cell 1st M 2 not narrowed.
Female.--Length about 3.5 ram. ; wing 4 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black.
Antennse with scape brown, pedicel
brownish black, first flagellar segment light yellow, succeeding segments
brownish black; basal flagellar segments short and crowded, the outerones more elongate. Head brownish grey; anterior vertex broad.
Pronotum and mesonotum chestnut-brown, the posterior sclerites
more yellowed. Pleura darkened dorsally and on ventral sternopleurite,
patterned with paler, including a vague ventral more silvery stripe
extending from the fore coxm to base of abdomen, passing beneath thehalteres and including also the meron. Italteres weakly darkened, thebase of stem narrowly pale. Legs with the coxm and trochanters yellow ;remainder of legs obscure yellow, the outer tarsal segments a little darker.
Wings with the ground cotour cream-eoloured, with numerous pale brown
clouds, a little less extensive than the ground ; about five costal darkenings, the second at origin of Rs ; other clouds over cord, outer end ofcell 1st Ms, fork of MI+ e, and a marginal series at ends of veins, thelargest on the anals ; a further clouding on basal half of cell 2nd A ;veins pale, slightly darker in the clouded areas. Maerotrichia of cells
sparse, a dozen or fewer in each of cells R 4 and R 5, and even more sparsein cell M~. Venation : Scl ending nearly opposite fork of Rs ; R 2 ator close to fork of R2+3+4 ; base of the small cell 1st M s not conspicuously
narrowed; cell Mx shorter than its petiole; m-cu shortly before midlength of celt 1st M 2.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the outer sternites paler, obscureyellowish brown.
Hab. India {Assam).

46

C . P . Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

Holotype, ~, Cherrupunji, Khasi Hills, altitude 4,000 feet, 1954 (S.
Sircar), Paratopotypes, 2 ~_.
Paradelphomyia (Oxyrhiza) bhava is distinct from the other Indian
members of the genus in the pattern of the body and wings, and in thedetails of venation. The most similar species known to me is P. (0.)
perambrosa Alexander, of Malaya, which differs in the arrangement andextent of the darkened wing-markings.
Limnophila asura, sp. n.
Size small (wing, 6 mm. or less) ; general colouration of thorax brownish
grey, only vaguely patterned with darker; femora yellow, with anarrow pale brown subterminal ring, tibiae with tips narrowly brownish
black ; wings pale yellow, with an abundant light brown pattern that is
in part ocelliform ; Sc relatively short ; cell M 1 subequal to its petiole ;male hypopygium with the outer dististyle glabrous, its apex bidentate ;gonapophysis appearing as an elongate paddle-like blade.
Male.--Length about 4.5-5 mm. ; wing 5 - 6 m m . ; antenna about
0.9-1.0 ram.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae light brown, the proximal flagellar
segments paler; flagellar segments short-oval, the outer ones a little
more elongate. Head brownish grey ; anterior vertex broad.
Thorax dark brownish grey, the praescutum only vaguely patternedwith darker; pseudosutural fovese and tuberculate pits black, conspicuous; pleura somewhat clearer grey. Halteres with stem pale,knob weakly infuscated. Legs with all coxae and trochanters obscureyellow ; femora yellow, with a narrow pale brown nearly terminal ring ;tibiae yellow, the tips narrowly brownish black ; basitarsi obscure yellow,
the tips darker, remainder of tarsi passing into black. Wings pale yellow,
the prearcular and costal regions somewhat clearer ; an abundant lightbrown pattern that is in part ocelliform, including annuli at origin ofRs, cord, above fork of MI+ 2, and less evidently in the postarcular andcentral medial fields ; dark costal spots slnall, much less extensive than
the interspaces ; dark marginal spots at ends of all longitudinal veins ;in addition to the larger areas there are a few small dots in certain cells ;veins yellow, darker in the patterned areas. Costal fringe short. Venation : Sc relatively short, Sc 1 ending before fork of Rs, Sc 2 near its tip ;R2+3+a short, subequal to the basal section of R 5 ; cell M 1 subequal toor longer than its petiole; m-cu at or before mid-length of cell
1st M2.
Abdomen dark brown, the hypopygium more brownish yellow. Male
hypopygium with the median region of the posterior border slightly
produced. Basistyle stout. Outer dististyle glabrous, gently curved,
the apex shallowly bidentate, the points subequal; inner style withbase dilated, the outer half narrowed and blackened, the tip obtuse.
Gonapophysis appearing as an elongate flattened paddle-like blade.
zEdeagus about one-half longer than the apophysis, its apex slightly
narrowed and curved.

C. P. Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

47

Hab. India (Assam).
Holotype, (~, Cherranpunji, Khasi Hills, altitude 4,000 feet, 1954 (S.
Sircar). Paratopotypes, 5 ~ , some badly broken.
Limnophila asura is quite distinct from all regional species in the
diagnostic features listed above. In some respects the male hypopygium
suggests L. raoana Alexander, but there probably is no real relationshipbetween the two flies.

Eupilaria varaha, sp. n.
General colouration of thorax brownish black, the anepisternum
with a large black s p o t ; legs brownish yellow to light brown; wings
strongly infuscated, stigma very small, darker brown ; male hypopygiumwith the posterior border of tergite four-lobed ; outer dististyle gently
curved, with a small recurved blade at tip ; subtending arms of ~edeagus
long and conspicuous.
Male.---Length about 6 mm. ; wing 7 mm.
Female.--Length about 6-5-6-6 ram. ; wing 7-7.2 ram.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennae with scape black, pedicel
brownish black, flagellum brown ; basal four flagellar segments crowded
and incompletely fused, the outer segments oval, with long verticils.
Head black, sparsely pruinose ; anterior vertex broad.
Thoracic dorsum brownish black, sparsely pruinose. Pleura darkbrown, with a large blackened spot on anepisternum ; ventral sternopleurite less evidently darkened. Halteres brownish black. Legs withthe cox~e yellow, the basal half of the fore pair brownish black;trochanters testaceous yellow; femora and tibim brownish yellow tolight brown, the tips not or scarcely darker; tarsi brownish yellow;
claws smooth. Wings strongly infuscated; stigma very small, darker
brown ; veins brown. Venation : m shorter than basal section of M 8 ;m-cu at or before mid-length of cell 1st M 2.
Abdominal tergites brown, in cases with the posterior borders very
narrowly blackened; sternites brown, the segments vaguely morebrightened before *he posterior ends. Male hypopygium with the caudal
end of tergite four-lobed, the intermediate lobes slightly larger andmore flattened, with a few scattered setze, separated by a narrow notch,
its base rounded; lateral lobes subtriangular, clothed with dense very
tiny setulm. Outer dististyle gently curved, at apex with a small recurredlobe ; inner style large and massive, the tip obtuse. Outer gonapophysis
appearing as a slender pale lod, its outer end a little dilated, 2Edeagus
with the inner subtending arms or apophyses long and conspicuous.
Hab. India (Assam).
Holotype, ~, Cherrapunji, Khasi Hills, altitude 4,000 feet, 1954 (S.
Sircar). Allotopotype, ~_, pinned with type. Paratopotypes, 4 (~.
The present fly is quite distinct from the other regional members of thegenus in the colouration of the body and wings, and in the structure of
the male hypopygium. The most similar of such species is Eupilaria
thurmani Alexander, of Thailand.

48

C . P . Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

Elephantomyia (Elephantomyodes) nigropedata, sp. n.
Size large (wing, 10 mm.) ; general cotouration of thorax orange, themid-line of the prmscutum a little infuscated; legs brownish black,
including all tarsi; wings with a strong brownish tinge, especially inthe cubital and anal fields, costal border and stigma still darker ; Rs in
virtual longitudinal alignment with R s ; abdomen light brown, theouter segments, including the hypopygium, black.
Male.--Length, excluding rostrum, about 9 m m . ; wing ] 0 m m . ;rostrum about 5 mm.
Rostrum one-hMf as long as wing, black throughout. Antennse
black, the short scape slightly more pruinose ; flagellar segments elongate,with very long verticils. Head dark g r e y ; anterior vertex about aswide as the scape.
Cervical region infuscated. Pronotum and mesonotum chiefly orange,
the prsescutum with a vague infuscation at the mid-line, not reaching
the suture; posterior sclcrites of notum somewhat more yellowed.
Pleura orange. Halteres with stem brownish yellow, knob dark brown.
Legs with coxse orange, the tbre pair a trifle more darkened ; troehantersobscure yellow; remainder of legs dark brown to brownish black,
including all tarsi. Wings with a strong brown tinge, most evident in
the cubital and anal fields, cells C and Sc more yellowish brown ; stigma
very long and narrow, darker bro~vn ; no evident seams on the darkbrown veins. Venation : Rs+3+ 4 nearly perpendicular at origin, running
close to R 1 at the lower margin of the stigma ; Rs in virtual longitudinalalignment with R 5, the basal section of the latter subequal to ~-m;m-cu just before mid-length of cell ist M e.
Basal abdominal tergites light brown, sternites more yellowed ; outer
segments, including hypopygium, black.
Hab. South India (Madras).
Holotype, (~, Kodaikanal, Pulney (Palni) Hills, altitude 6,500 feet.
May 1953 (P. Susai Nathan).
Elephantomyia (Elephantomyodes) nigropedata is quite distinct fromall other regional members of the subgenus in the black tarsi. The otherspecies, including the somewhat similar E. (E.) aJfluens Alexander, havethe tarsi snowy-white.
Gnophomyia (Gnophomyia) multiermis, sp. n.
General colouration of thorax light brown, with large black spots on
the anepisternum and pleurotergite; antennm elongate, exceeding
one-half the b o d y ; legs brownish yellow; wings subhyaline, stigma
brown, very inconspicuous ; Sc long, Sc I ending virtually opposite R 2 ;m-cu nearly its own length beyond fork of M ; male hypopygium withthe outer dististyle bearing a strong spine on mesal face near b a s e ;inner style a very slender strongly curved crook; each gonapophysis
profoundly forked into two spines.
Male.--Length about 4.5 mm. ; wing 5 ram. ; antenna about 2.4 ram.

C. P. Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

49

Rostrum light brown; palpi black. Antennse of male elongate,
exceeding one-half the body ; scape and pedicel obscure yellow, flagellum
brownish black; flagellar segments long-cylindrical, slightly exceeding
the longest verticils. Head black.
Thoracic dorsum light brown, posterior sclerites more pruinose. Pleuraand pleurotergite light brown, with two large and conspicuous black spots,
one on the anepisternum, the other on the pleurotergite. Halteres darkbrown, the base of the stem yellow. Legs with the coxse reddish brown,
the fore pair darker; trochanters testaceous yellow; remainder of legs
brownish yellow, the terminal segments a little darker; no scMes onlegs. Wings subhyaline ; stigma brown, very narrow and inconspicuous ;veins dark brown. Venation : Sc long, Sc 1 ending virtually opposite R 2 ;Rs nearly straight, nearly in longitudinal alignment with Rs; R~+3+4
a little less than twice Rs+ s ; cell 1st M s shorter than the distal sectionof M s ; m-cu nearly its own length beyond the fork of M.
Abdomen dark brown, sternum more yellowed. Male hypopygiumvery distinctive. Basistyle short and stout; mesal face at apex witha group of about a dozen spine-like set~e. Outer dististyle broad-based,
narrowed into a slender curved spine, with an erect smaller spine on
mesal face near base; inner style smaller, broad-based, narrowed intoa slender very strongly curved crook-like spine. Each gonapophysis
profoundly forked, the stem short, the outer spine a little longer and morecurved than the inner.
Hab. Thailand (Chiengmai Province).
Holotype, c~, Doi Sutep, J u l y 15th, 1953 (Manop Ruttanapradith).
The somewhat remarkable male hypopygium of the present fly is very
different from that in other allied similar species having elongate antennae
in the male, including Gnophomyia (anophomyia) anaphora Alexander,
G. (G.) filiformis Alexander, G. (G.) macrocera Alexander, and others.

Gonomyia (Idiocera) absona, sp. n.
Head and mesonotom chiefly grey, pleura brown above, more reddish
yellow ventrally; legs yellow, femora with a vague brown subterminalr i n g ; w i n g s greyish yellow, restrictedly patterned with brown; Sc 1
ending shortly beyond origin of t~s, Sce far retracted ; male hypopygimn
with the apical lobe of the basistyle short and stout, terminating in asmall flattened blade ; three dististyles, the inner one ending abruptly
in a straight black spine; mdeagus entirely pale, slender, terminating
in a long straight simple point.
Male.--Length about 5.5 mm. ; wing 5.5 ram.
Rostrum dark brown ; palpi black. Antennm with the scape brownish
black, pruinose, the tip paler ; pedicel brownish yellow ; basal flagellar
segments brownish yellow, the outer ones darker; flagellar segments
oval, with long conspicuous verticils. Head grey, the front and anterior
orbits yellowed.
Pronotum brownish grey, patterned with yellow. Mesonotal pr~escuturn chiefly covered by three grey stripes, interspaees darker grey,
A , M . N . H . ser. 12, vol. ix.

4

50

C . P . Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

humeral and lateral borders obscure yellow; seutum dark grey, thecentres of the lobes restrictedly patterned with brown; seutellum
obscure brownish yellow, darker basally; mediotergite grey. Pleuraand pteurotergite more reddish yellow vehtrally, darker brown on upper
half, including the dorsopleurM region. Halteres with stem yellowed,
knob weakly infuscated. Legs with the cox~e and trochanters yellow,
fore eox~e d a r k e r ; f e m o r a yellow, with indications of a narrow brown
subterminal ring ; tibiae brownish yellow, the tips narrowly dark brown ;tarsi black, the proximal ends of the basitarsi restrictedly paler. Wings
greyish yellow, the preareular and costal fields clearer yellow; a restricted brown pattern, including small spots at arculus, origin of Rs,
stigma, tip of vein R 4 and somewhat paler in outer end of cell Ra ; cord,
including m-cu, less evidently darkened, indicated by the veins ; remaining veins yellow, clearest in the brightened areas, somewhat darker
beyond cord. Venation: Sc 1 ending a short distance beyond originof Rs, Sc 2 far retracted, Sc 1 alone nearly as long as Rs ; cell R a moderately
large, the distance on margin subequal to or a little greater than cell
R4; vein R 4 strongly upeurved at tip; cell 2nd M~ about twice its
petiole ; m-cu nearly twice its length before fork of M.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, sternites and hypopygium yellowed.
Male hypopygium with the outer lobe of basistyle unusually short andstout, ending abruptly in a small compressed-flattened blade. Three
dististyles, the outer one deeply bifid, its outer arm a slender spine;intermediate style an even more slender simple sinuous rod, its tip acute ;inner style shortest, sinuous on basal third, ending abruptly in a straight
black spine. ./Edeagus entirely pale, the apex a long straight simple point.
Hab. South India (Salem District).
Holotype, 3, Nagalur, Shevaroy Hills, altitude 4,000 feet, January 7th,
1955 (P. Susai Nathan).
Gonomyia ([diocera) absona is quite distinct from G. (I.) proxima
Brunetti and G. (I.) recens Alexander, the most similar regional species,in the details of venation and particularly in the structure of the malehypopygium.
Gonomyia (Idioce~'a) similior, sp. n.
Very similar to sexguttata in the general colouration, wing-patternand venation, differing markedly in the structure of the male hypopygium,
especially the dististyles.
Male.--Length about 6 ram. ; wing 6 ram.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown to brownish black. Antennse withscape brown, vaguely patterned with paler ; succeeding segments vaguely
bicoloured, pale brown, the apices more yellowed; outer flagellar segments slender and more uniformly infuscated. Head yellow in front,
dark brown behind, including a central area on the anterior vertex.
Pronotum obscure yellow, patterned with darker. Mesonotalpr~escutum
chiefly dark brownish grey, discoloured in the type but presumably
consisting of paired stripes, the lateral borders broadly yellow ; scutal

C. P. Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

51

lobes and posterior sclerites of notum dark brown, the parascutella andpleurotergite yellowed. Pleura yellow, the dorsal parts weakly moredarkened. Ha]teres with stem yellow, knob infuscated. Legs yellow,
virtually unpatterned. Wings with the same type of pattern as insexguttata, the ground weakly darkened, with conspicuous brown spotsthat are subtended on either side by whitened droplets or virtuallycomplete circles ; a whitened drop in apices of cells Ra and R 4. Venation
virtually as in sexguttata.
Abdominal tergites brown, the incisures and lateral borders paler.
Male hypopygium with the bifid dististyle longest, the finger-like lobe
long and slender ; intermediate style a simple strongly-curved glabrous
rod that narrows to an acute spine; innermost style a little shorter,
appearing as a simple straight rod that narrows to an acute point, thesurface with eight or nine long erect setse. 2Edeagus pale, slender, theshort apex recurved.
Hab. South Afghanistan.
Holotype. ~, Kandahar-Kuna, altitude 950 meters, March 7th, ]953

(Johann Klapperich ).
As indicated in the diagnostic paragraph, the present fly is very similar
in its general appearance to the European Gonomyia (Idiocera) sexguttata(Dale) but is quite distinct in the structure of the male hypopygium.
I have in m y collection a specimen determined as being sexguttata by
Edwards (St. Merryn, Cornwall, June 1912, Lamb) which has the malehypopygium quite different from the present fly, the intermediate stylebearing four or five strong teeth near apex to produce a strong comb.
However, this specimen disagrees with Edwards's description of thespecies (Trans. Soe. Brit. Ent., 5, 107, 1938), where both the intermediate
and inner dististyles are described as being simple and terminating in aiong blackened point. It seems probable that at least two distinct
species of the sexguttata group occur in Britain and have been confused.

Gonomyia (Gonomyia) hyperacuta sp. n.
Allied to pa~°vicellula ; general colouration of mesonotum dark brown,
seutellum yellow; rostrum light yellow; antenna black; knobs ofhalteres infuscated ; legs brown; wings with a weak brownish tinge,
S% close to tip of Sc~; male hypopygium with the outer dististyleslender, the outer fifth or sixth narrowed into a very long slender spine ;inner dististyles apparently symmetrieM on the two sides.
Male.--Length about 3.5 ram. ; wing 4.5 mm.
Rostrum light yellow; palpi black. Antenna black, the extreme
base of the scape paler; flagellar segments oval, with short verticils.
Head with front light yellow ; vertex grey.
Pronotum brown, the scutellum and pretergites light yellow. Mesonotal
W~escutum and scutum dark brown, the hmneral region of the former
light brown; pseudosutural foveae eastaneous; scutellum yellow,
conspicuous ; postnotum, including pleurotergite, light grey, variegatedanteriorly with yellow. Pleura light yellow, the propleura and mesepister4*

52

C . P . Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)hum (~xt,ensively pale brown. Halteres with stem obscure yellow, brighter
basally, knob infuscated. Legs with the coxm weakly infuscated;trochanters brownish testaeeous ; remainder of legs brown. Wings witha we~k brownish tinge, the prearcular and costal regions more whitened ;stigma brown; veins dark brown. Costal fringe moderately long.
Veriation: Sc short, Sc 1 ending just before origin of Rs, S% near its
extreme tip ; Rs a little longer than R~.+a+4 but shorter than R~ ; basal
sectio~ of R 5 reduced; m-cu shortly beyond fork of M. One wing of
the type shows cell 1st M2 very deformed, m lying far basad, greatly
reducing the size of the cell.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, sternites and hypopygium more
yeI]owed. Male hypopygium with the outer dististyle slender, thedistal fifth or sixth narrowed into a very long slender spine; setse ofstyl~ only about a dozen in number. Inner dististyles apparently
sylrJclmetrical (but their tips broken). In matsya, the apical spine of tileoui,ef, dististyle is short and inconspicuous, the setse longer and more
nmnerous ; inner dististyle asymmetrical on the two sides.
~!Yab. South India (Salem District).
J~olotype, c~, Yercaud, Shevaroy Hills, altitude 4,000 feet, December 3rd,
1954 (P. Susai Nathan).
Gonomyia (Gonomyia) hyperacuta is closest to G. (G.) matysya Alexander
and G. (G.) parvicellula (Brunetti), both from South India, differing
among themselves in the length of Sc, and especially of Scl, and in the
hypopygial structure. It seems very improbable to me that parvicellulaca~ be identical with G. (G.) aJfinis Brunetti, described from the Eastern
Himalayas, as was suggested b y Edwards, based on a comparison of thety]?e of parvicellula with material identified as being aj~nis b y Brunetti,
presumably in error.

Toxorhina (Ceratocheilus) capnitis, sp. n.
Mesonotum chiefly dark brown, the lateral pr~eseutal borders buffy;
pleura light yellow, conspicuously spotted with black on the anepisternum
and dorsal pteropleurite; haltcres yellow; wings smoky, the baseand stigmal region light yellow ; a broad darker brown seam over thecord, with less evident markings on the other veins ; anterior branch of
R;s' about one and one-half times Rs ; cell 1st M~ large, about as long as
the distal section of MI+ 2.
Sex ?--Wing 5 mm.
Rostrum broken. Head brownish grey.
Cervical region brownish black ; pronotum obscure yellow. Mesonotal
pr~escutum with the lateral margins buffy, the disk almost covered bythree confluent brown stripes, the interspaces barely indicated ; scutum
and scutellum patterned with dark brown, parascutella yellow. Pleura
light yellow on the sternopleurite, meron and metapleura, the ventral
sl~ernopleurite and sternum weakly infuscated; dorsal pleurites withtwo very conspicuous black areas, one on the anepisternum, the otherslightly separated, on the dorsal pteropleurite. Halteres pale yellow.

C. P. Alexander on New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera)

53

Legs with the coxse and trochanters yellow, the fore pair weakly darkened ;remainder of legs with the ground yellow, the colour appearing almost
black from the abundant blackened setm. Wings smoky, the base and asmaller area in the stigmal region light yellow ; a broad darker brown
seam over the cord ; m with a narrower darkened seam, with still narrower
cloudings over veins M and Cu ; no darkened spot at Sc~ ; veins pale
brown, darker in the patterned areas, light yellow in the brightened
fields. Relatively sparse maerotrichia on veins Rs, Rs, and distal sectionsof MI+ ~ and M 3. Venation: anterior branch of Rs relatively longand sinuous, about one-and-one-half times Rs, the latter subequal to thebasal section of R 5 ; cell 1st M s large, about as long as the distal sectionof Mi+ ~ ; m-cu at or close to fork of M.
Abdomen with the basal segments brownish black, the remainder
broken.
Hab. Thailand (Chiengmai Province).
Holotype, ~, w a r at Doi Sutep, February 24th, 1953 (Deed C. Thurman).
The general appearance of the present fly, including the pattern of
the wings and body, is quite different from that o£ the other regional
members of the subgenus but rather similar to various African species,
such as Toxorhina (Ceratocheilus) brachymera Alexander, T. (C.) cornigera(Speiser), T. (C.) scimitar Alexander, and T. (C.) seychellarum (Edwards).
The details of coloration and venation are quite distinct.