CDF II Detector
Akiya Miyamoto, KEK
19-July-2001
Collider Physics Workshop
Contents:
1.
2.

3.

Tevatron Collider
CDFII detector
Overview
Tracking detector
Calorimeter
Muon detector
Particle ID detector
Other detector
SummaryReferences
1.

“CDF実験の現状と質量起源の研究の展望”,

金信弘, talk at 第１回コライダー物理の研究会, 10-Feb-2001
2.

“The Run 2 Physics Program of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider”,
Al. Goshaw, talk presented at KEK Physics seminar, 6 July 20013.

http://www-cdf.fnal.gov/lhttp://www-cdf.fnal.gov/upgrades/upgrades.html(Detector)l
http://cosmo.fnal.gov/organizationalchart/derwent/cdf_accelrrator.html(Accelerator)

4.

“The CDF II Detector Technical Design Report”,
Fermilab-pub-96/390-E

5.

“The Collider detector at Fermilab”, NIM A267(1988) 272-279

Fermilab

A. Goshaw Tevatron Run 2

3

What’s New at Fermilab?

DBooster

p source

Main Injector
and Recycler

A. Goshaw Tevatron Run 2

4

The Fermilab Accelerator
Complex
Main Injector (150 GeV proton
storage ring) replaces Main Ring(the original Fermilab high energyaccelerator)
Completely revamped stochastic
cooling system for pbarsA new permanent magnet Recycler
storage ring for pbars
Higher energy collisions: 900 GeV-> 980 GeV)
Increased number of p and pbar
bunches: 6 -> 36 -> ~100
A. Goshaw Tevatron Run 27Cockroft-Walton
Preaccelerator 750KeV

Proton Injection
pbarRings
Main
Injector

Linac

Booster

Tevatron
Abort
Dump

400MeV Linac

8GeV Booster

P-bar accumulation

pbar Rings (Cooling ringand Accumulator ring)
Linac

Main
Injector

Booster

Recycler

8GeV to150GeV

8GeV withpermanentmagnetTarget
Tevatron

Abort
Dump

p-bar production
120GeV on target
Accumulator < 8GeVp-bar production rate:
6x1010/hr (runIb)
1~2x1011/hr(runIIa)
Required: 1~4x1012
lMore proton(x1.5) on target
lStochastic coolinglRecycler ( use ~50% of last store)

Main Injector

150GeV protons for Tevatron…

Coalesced protons

pbar
Rings
Main
Injector

Proton8GeV to 150GeV.
.
. .

.

.

.

.

.

. .
Tevatron

Uncoalesced anti-proton

BoosterlLinac/Booster
5~7 buunches of a pulse train to Main
Injectorl Main Injector
Coalesce bunches into single bunch
Accelerate to 150 GeV
lTevatron
Filled with 36 bunches

pbar to Tevatron
…
…
pbar
Rings

Coalesced protons
Coalesced anti-protons
Uncoalesced anti-proton

Booster.
. .
.
.
. .

MainInjector

Proton8GeV to 150GeV.
.
.

..

.
. ..
..
TevatronlAnti-protons from pbar ring arecoalesced at Main Injector,
accelerated to 150 GeV, thentransferred to Tevatron
lAfter a store, remaining anti-protons
are decelerated to 150 GeV,transferred to Main Injector anddecelerated to 8 GeV, then stored
in the recycler for next storeTevatron parameters
RunIb(1993-95)

Run IIa

Run IIa

Run IIbunit# of bunches(6x6)(36x36)(140x103)(140x103)

Protons/bunch

2.3x1011

2.7x1011

2.7x1011

2.7x1011

Anti-proton/bunch

5.5x1010

3.0x1010

4.0x1010

1.0x1011

Total Antiprotons

3.3x1011

1.1x1012

4.2x1012

1.1x1013

Pbar production rate

6.0x1010

1.0x1011

2.1x1011

5.2x1011

Proton emittance

23π

20π

20π20πmm- mradAntiproton emittance

13π

15π

15π15πmm- mradβ∗35353535cm

Energy

900

1000

1000

1000

GeV

Anti-proton bunches

636103103

Bunch length( rms)

60373737cm

Crossing Angle

00136

136

µrad

Typical Luminosity0.16x1031

0.86x1032

2.1x1032

5.2x1032

cm-2 sec-1

Integrated Luminosity

3.2

17.3

42105

pb-1 /week

Bunch spacing~3500396

132

132

nsec

Interactions/crossing

2.5

2.3

1.9

4.8

hr -1

Tevatron status ( as of 16-July-2001)
lPeak Luminosity
lPeak L ~ 2x10 30 was achieved in on June 28
lPeak L expected by Sep. 15 ~1x10 31
lBetween June 28 and Sept. 15l~ 5x10 30
l300nb-1/store, 1500nb-1/week
lIntegrated luminosity ~13.5pb-1
lPeak L expected by Mid. Jan. 2002 ~4-5x10 31lBetween Mid. Jan 2002 and June 30
l4.5-10pb-1/week
lIntegration Luminosity ~190pb-1
lShutdown schedulelJuly 8th- July 16 th : due to helium leak casued by several quenches
lScheduled shutdown: Oct 8 for about 5 weeks

CDF Detector Roll-In

CDF Collaboration
North America

Europe3 Natl. Labs
25 Universities

Asia

1 Research Lab
6 Universities
1 University

2 Universities

JAPAN
1 University

4 Universities
2 Research Labs

Totals11 countries
52 institutions
525 physicists~ 140 students
195 theses done since 1985

1 Universityconsortium

1 University
1 UniversityJapan is a founding
member of the CDF Collaboration:
Okayama U., Hiroshima U.,
KEK, Osaka City U.,
U. of Tsukuba,and Waseda U.

Short History of CDF
lAug. 1981
lOct. 1985
lDec. 1986
lJan. 1987 ~ May 1987
lJun. 1988 ~ May 1989

CDF design report
First pp collision
CDF was completed
Test runFirst Physics run

0.025pb-1
4pb-1

Detector upgradelApr. 1992 ~ May 1993
lDec. 1993 ~ Feb. 1996

Run IARun IB

20pb-190pb-1

Detector/Tevatron Upgrae (1.96 TeV)l Oct. 2000~ Aug. 2001
lAutum 2001 ~l2004 ~Run II Commisionning
Run IIa
Run IIb~2000pb-1~15000pb -1

The CDF Detector
RETAINED FROM CDF RUN I

NEW FOR CDF RUN II
Faster detector(132ns)
Better performance

Solenoidal magnet (1.4T)
Central and wall calorimeters
Central and extension muondetectors

Tracking system
Ø Silicon vertex detector (SVXII)Ø Intermediate silicon layers (ISL)Ø Central outer tracker (COT)
Scintillating tile end plugcalorimeter
Intermediate muon detectors

COTScintillator time of flight system
Front-end electronics (132 ns)

SVXII/ISL

Trigger system (pipelined)
EM Cal.

Hadron Cal.

Muon
DriftChambers

Muon
Counters

DAQ system (L1, L2, L3)

Tracking detectors : COT, ISL, SVXII
COT,ISL,SVX(|η|<1.0): δpT / pT ~ 0.1%
2ISL,SVX(1.0<|η|<2.0):

δpT / pT2 ~ 0.4%

Silicon Tracking
The silicon strip detector is a stand-alone 3d tracking system
Impact parameter resolution σd = √ a2 +(b/Pt)2 (a =7µm, b =20-30µm)
Increase in B tagging for t t : Run I Run II
single tag
25%
52%
double tag
8%
28%
η=2

Silicon Vertex Detector(SVX II)
lCoverage: |h|<2.0lDouble sided detector: r-z readon outlRadiation hard to survive 3fb-1 ( 0.5Mrad/fb-1 for layer0 sensor)
l42 cell analog pipeline to store data while Level1 trigger decision.
lReadout for Level2: 6~7µsec:
Silicon Vertex Tracker (SVT) for Level2 trigger dicision
Number of barrel
3
Number of layers/barrel
5
Number of wedges/barrel 12
Ladder length
29cm
Combined ladder length
87cm
Radius of innermost layer
2.44cmRadius of outermost later
10.6cmr-φ readout pitch
60~65µmr-z readout pitch
125~141µm
rdth(Stereo layer, 3 & 5 , is 60mm pitch)
Resolution(radial)
Material thickness(total)

12µm
3.5%X0Perspective view of the φ-side

Silicon Integration and Installation
L00 Into SVXIISVXII into ISL•

Final AssemblyInstallation

Intermediate Silicon Layer(ISL)Intermediate Silicon Layer (ISL)
lCompare with SVXII, ISL isü Larger radius, Larger surface area
ü Lower ocupancy and less radiation damage

ISL parametersRadiusηcoverage
Matterial /ladder
Total Matterial

Sensor properties

Simplify SVXII technology
to reduce cost

20 to 30cm
< 2.0~0.5%~2%Sensor size
Readout strip
Stereo angle
Strip pitch(axial)Readout pitch
Spacial resolution(σ)

58mmWx74mmL
axial/stereo
1.2o55µm(axial), 72µm(streo)
twice the strip pitch< 16µm (axial), < 23µm(streo)

Parameters of Central Outer Tracker
TypeMax. drift timeMax. drift distance
Chamber Gas
Drift velocity
Number of super layers
Number of layers/SL
Number of layers
Cells/layer
Radius at Center of SL
Length of active region
Stereo angle
Tilt angle
Radiation length
Total number of wires
Endplate load

Drift Chamber
100nsec
0.88cmAr-Et-CF4(50:35:15)~100µm/nsec
Number of layers for8 ( 4 axial,4 stereo)
Tilt SL: 6 -> 12
12/SL
96
168:192:240:288:336:384:432:480
46:58:70:82:94:106:119:131 cm
310 cm
3o35o
1.3%
63000
40 tons

Expected resolution
Two-track resolution~180µm
< 0.5cm

Endplate of COT

Central Outer Tracker Cell Layout-HV+HV-HVSignal
GhostField map of COT one cellTracking Performance
Hit Resolution~200 µm
Goal : 180 µm

silicon(COT tracks)

residual dist. (cm)

X-ray the detector withγ -> e+e- conversion
SiliconKs à π+π−Λ à π−pM(Ks) = 499 ± 0.2(stat) MeV/c2 M(Λ) = 1116 ± 0.1(stat)
MeV/c2
COT inner cylinderPerformance of central
outer tracker
Commissioning with
Cosmic ray tracks

Reconstructed tracks from1.96 TeV p p collisions

Low noise !

Run 2 Collisions !

Calorimeters
Old: Central EM, Central Hadron, EndWall Hadron
New: EndPlug EM, EndPlug Hadron

Central Electromagnetic Calorimeter
TypeLocation
Segmentation(η)
Segmentation(φ)

Scintilator/Lead sandwitch + Strip Chamber
Outside coil, R=172.72cm
10 projective towers, ∆η=0.1124, ∆φ=15o

Readout
LayersThickness

Wavelength shifter and photomultiplier20-30 lead(0.32cm), 21-31 scintillator(0.5cm)
18X0+coil(0.85X0)+etc, 1Labs

Energy Resolution 13.5% / E (GeV ) ⊕ 2%
Strip Chamber
PurposeDetermine shower position and transverse development
at shower maximum
Location
5.9X0
Wire channels
64 / module
Strip channels
6.2cm-121.2cm: 69x1.67cm, 121.2-239.6cm: 59x2.01cm
Chamber gas
Ar/Co2(95%/5%)
Position resolution +- 2mm

Central, EndWall Hadron Calorimeter
TypeReadout|η| Coverage
Segmentation(∆η)
Segmenration(∆φ)
Total Depth(λ abs)

CentralScintilator/Fe sandwitch
Wavelength Shifter+PMT
0~0.9~0.115o
4.7EndWall
0.7~1.3
4.5

Performances by test beam
Energy resolution
Typical position resolution
at 50 GeV(cm2)~ 78% / E (GeV )10x5~ 99% / E (GeV )10x5

Plug Upgrade Calorimeter (EM)Type
Lead/Scintillator sandwitch
Readout
Wave length shifting(WLS) fibers
Coverage
1.1 < |η| < 3.6 ( 37o < θ < 3o )Layers23 layers of 4.5mm lead and 4mm scintillator
Segmentation(Dq) 3~4oSegmentation(df) 7.5o, 15 o
Energy resolution 16 % / E ⊕ 1%Preshower

V-layerfirst layer (10mm thick scintillator)

Shower Maximum Detector
TypeScintillator strips, 5mm width
Coverage 45o azimuthal angle
Position resolution for high energy electron~1mmU-layer

Calorimeters
New fast, hermetic, scintillator based-Plug Calorimeter

21 Xo electromagnetic|η| out to 3.6
6.6 λint hadronic
shower max at 6 Xo

Test Beam shows good performance

19

Plug Upgrade Calorimeter (Hadron)Type

23 layers of Iron/Scintillator samplig

New : two layers after Plug EM Cal. and section between 3o to 10 o .
Thickness

7λCalorimeters areperforming well

1.1 million events
20

1st W à eν Candidate

Missing E T 38 GeV
A. Goshaw Tevatron Run 221

Z->ee candidate

Muon DetectorsüMomentum measurement
üBy tracking detectors in solenoid|η|<1.0 by COT+ISL+SVX
1<|η|<2 by ISL+SVX
üMuon identificationüIdentified by drift chambers and scintillation counters
placed outside Hadron Calorimeter
uCMU : |η| < ~0.6 at the end of Central Hadron Cal.
uCMP/CSP: |η| < ~0.6
uCMX/CSX: ~0.6 < |η| < ~1.0
uIMU: ~1.0 < |η| < ~1.5 ( for trigger ) ~2.0 (for id)üCounter information are used for trigger and resolve off-timing hits
due to long readout time of drift chambers( 800~1400nsec)

Muon Detector Upgrade
Increase eta and phi coverage,
Higher rate capabilities
Better trigger shielding

CDFII total muon coverageincreases by about 50%.

A. Goshaw Tevatron Run 222

Time-of-Flight Detectorl216 Scintillator bars(279cmx4cmx4cm) with phototubes attached
to both ends.
lBetween COT and Solenoid(R~138cm)
lPseudorapidity coverage |h|<1.
lBicron plastic scintillator BC-408 with fast rise times ~ 0.9ns
lHamamatsu R7761, fine mesh, 19 stages PMT, to use in B=1.4T
Time-of-Flight Detector

Particle ID by Time-of-Flight Detector

lFor expected 100ps resolution:
2σ separation ofØK and π for p<1.6 GeV/c
Øp and K for p<2.7 GeV/cØπ and p for p<3.2 GeV/cl Complementary to dE/dx byCOT

CDF forward detectors
lMiniplugl Lead/scintillator calorimeter to cover 3.5 < |η| < 5.5
l Placed inside the toroid magnet all the way down to the beam pipe.
lBeam Shower CounterlDetetct particles near beam pipe
lFor deffractive physics and for beam loss monitor
lBSCs are scintillation counterslRoman Potsl 80 scintillation fibers and a trigger counterat three readout sections.
lReadout 40(X) and 40(Y)/stations.

Roman Pot Arrangement~56m distance from interaction point

Top View
266.54cm
98.5

98.5

φ7.62

20
φ 1.2

(Vacuum)

(Pot)

(Pot)

30

Stepping
MortorDrive
System

(Pot)

H5828
MCPMT

H5828
MCPMT

H5828
MCPMT
SignalSignalHV

Trigger PMT
H3171

HV

HV

SignalTrigger PMT
H3171

HV
HV

Mini caxial
20ch x 4

Trigger PMT
H3171

HV
Mini caxial
20ch x 4

Mini caxial
20ch x 4_Recoil P Track

Bellows

B0

To MCPMTFiberTracker
DetailTo MCPMT_PYX

Roman Pot

CDF Deadtimeless Trg&DAQ•

Calorimeter energy
Central Tracker (Pt,φ)Muon stubs

Cal Energy-track match
E/P, EM shower max
Silicon secondary vertex
Multi object triggers
Farm of PC’s running
fast versions ofOffline Code è moresophisticated selections
A. Goshaw Tevatron Run 223

CDF SecondaryVertex Trigger
NEW for Run 2 -- level 2 impact parameter trigger
Provides access to hadronic B decays

COT defines trackat level 1SVX measures
impact parameter

Data from commissioning run(no alignment or calibrations)σ ~ 87 µm

A. Goshaw Tevatron Run 2d (cm)24

SummarylCDFII upgrade is almost completed. We are making a final
checkout of the detectorl New Tevatron has achieved peak luminosity ~2x10 30
l Physics quality data taking will start this autumn.
l First physics results of RUNII will be presented by summer 2002l The prospect of integrated luminosity— ~0.2fb-1 by the summer 2002.
— ~2 fb-1 by the end of 2003.
— ~15 fb-1 by the end of 2007.
— all at a cm energy of ~1.96 TeV
Cf. Run1 intergated luminosity is ~0.1fb-1 at 1.80TeV