DOE/CF-0144

Department of Energy
FY 2019 Congressional
Budget Request

Budget in Brief

February 2018

Office of Chief Financial Officer

DOE/CF-0144

Department of Energy
FY 2019 Congressional
Budget Request

Budget in Brief

February 2018

Office of Chief Financial Officer
Printed with soy ink on recycled paper

FY 2019 BUDGET IN BRIEF
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Funding by Appropriation .......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Funding by Organization ............................................................................................................................................................ 11
Nuclear Security
National Nuclear Security Administration ........................................................................................................................... 13
Weapons Activities ......................................................................................................................................................... 14
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation ................................................................................................................................. 18
Naval Reactors ................................................................................................................................................................ 22Federal Salaries and Expenses ........................................................................................................................................ 24
Energy Programs
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy ............................................................................................................................. 26
Electricity Delivery ................................................................................................................................................................ 31
Power Marketing Administrations ....................................................................................................................................... 34
Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response .................................................................................................. 36
Petroleum Reserves ............................................................................................................................................................. 38
Fossil Energy Research and Development ................................................................................................................. ………..40
Nuclear Energy ............................................................................................................................................................. ………43
Yucca Mountain and Interim Storage .................................................................................................................................. 45
Environment, Health, Safety and Security Mission Support ................................................................................................ 46
Credit Programs
Title 17 – Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program ........................................................................................... 48
Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program ....................................................................................... 49
Science and Environment and Legacy Management
Science.................................................................................................................................................................................. 50
Environmental Management ............................................................................................................................................... 54
Legacy Management ............................................................................................................................................................ 58
Other Department Offices
Departmental Administration .............................................................................................................................................. 59
Enterprise Assessments ........................................................................................................................................................ 61
Hearings and Appeals ........................................................................................................................................................... 63
Energy Information Administration ...................................................................................................................................... 64
Inspector General ................................................................................................................................................................. 65
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission .................................................................................................................................... 67

OVERVIEWThe President’s Budget for FY 2019 requests $30.6B for the Department of Energy (DOE) to advance U.S.
national security and economic growth through transformative science and technology innovation that
promotes affordable and reliable energy through market solutions and meets our nuclear security andenvironmental cleanup challenges.
The FY 2019 Budget Request provides:

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY$15.1B to modernize and restore the nuclear security
enterprise aligned with the Nuclear Posture Review(NPR) and National Security Strategy

$5.4B to conduct cutting‐edge, early‐stage scientificresearch and development (R&D) and build state‐of‐
the‐art scientific tools and facilities to keep U.S.
researchers at the forefront of scientific innovation,
including achieving exascale computing in 2021



$2.5B to promote America’s energy dominance through technologies that will make our energy supply more
affordable, reliable, and efficient$6.6B to continue our commitment for the cleanup of sites resulting from five decades of nuclear weapons
development and production and Government‐sponsored nuclear energy research

DOE Programs
FY19 ($M)

National Nuclear Security Administration 15,091
Science
5,391Energy2,515Environmental Management
6,601

Other Defense Activities
853

Administration and Oversight293

Savings and Receipts‐137
DOE Total
30,609ACCELERATING PROGRESS ON NATIONAL PRIORITIESThe FY 2019 Budget Request advances key mission areas through significant investments to, achieve exascalecomputing, protect the national electric grid from cyberattack, promote energy dominance, conduct early stage
scientific research, modernize the nuclear security enterprise, and advance the nation’s nuclear waste
management program.
The FY 2019 Budget Request funds $636M to achieve exascale computing in 2021, including $473M in the Officeof Science and $163M in NNSA, $376M above the FY 2017 Enacted level, to support development of an exascalecomputing software ecosystem by preparing mission critical applications to address exascale challenges. The
Budget Request funds research, development, and design at the Argonne National Laboratory and Oak Ridge
National Laboratory with expected deployment of an exascale‐capable computing system in 2021 with a second
system with a different architecture in 2022. This Science/NNSA partnership will bolster America’s national
security by supporting the nuclear stockpile while supporting the next generation of science breakthroughs notpossible with today’s fastest computing systems.
The Request also invests $105M in quantum computing to address the emerging urgency of building U.S.
competency and competitiveness in the developing area of quantum information science, including quantum
computing and quantum sensor technology. This early stage, fundamental research will concentrate on
accelerating progress towards application of quantum computing techniques and quantum sensing to grandchallenge science questions. It also builds on experience gained from multidisciplinary partnerships in areas
such as quantum pattern recognition for real‐time tracking; quantum algorithms for exponentially increased
information storage, quantum chemistry, and nuclear physics; and predictive capability for biological systems
such as protein folding.
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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

National and economic security also depends on the reliable function of the Nation’s overall energy
infrastructure in face of the threat posed by malicious cyber actors. Cybersecurity is one of the Administration’s
top priorities, and the FY 2019 Budget Request provides funding in multiple programs to prevent and address
cyberattacks on the energy sector and to secure the DOE enterprise.
The Request supports the Administration’s commitment to protecting energy infrastructure security byproposing a separate account for Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response (CESER). This new
account will consolidate funding that supports the expanded national security responsibilities assigned to DOE
through the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act, Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, Presidential Policy
Directive 21, and Presidential Executive Order 13800 on Cybersecurity. As part of CESER, the FY 2019 Budget
Request provides $70M for grid cybersecurity. Pursuant to the Federal Power Act, as amended by the FAST Act,
DOE remains the sector‐specific agency for cybersecurity in the energy sector. As such, DOE is working with theprivate sector to prepare, mitigate vulnerabilities and help reduce impacts from cyber threats. The FY 2019
Budget Request will help improve preparedness, planning and response capabilities for cyber incidents and helpalign them across state, local, tribal, territorial and Federal jurisdictions. In addition, the Budget Request will help
leverage the cutting‐edge R&D of DOE’s national labs to drive cybersecurity innovation across the energy sector.
Also, the Request includes $394.5M for DOE Enterprise cybersecurity, an increase of $98M from the FY 2017
Enacted amount, to reduce DOE exposure to threats and to manage enterprise cybersecurity risks. This includes$92M for the Department’s Office of Chief Information Officer, $23M above FY 2017 Enacted level, to reduce
the Department’s exposure to threats and to manage enterprise cybersecurity risks. The Budget Request also
includes over $300M in other program office budgets to support improved DOE cybersecurity, including $185M
for the cybersecurity of the National Nuclear Security Administration.
The FY 2019 Budget Request continues to focus the Department’s energy ($2.5B) and science ($5.4B) programson early‐stage R&D at the national laboratories to advance American primacy in scientific and energy research inan efficient and cost effective manner. The Budget Request focuses on cutting‐edge innovation. For example,
the Request funds $432M for specific, cutting‐edge, early‐stage R&D efforts in energy storage solutions beyond
batteries, advanced fossil‐based power systems, and advanced reactor technologies including Small Modular
Reactors to promote American energy dominance through an “all of the above” energy strategy. The Request
also fosters the transition of those breakthroughs to the private sector for commercialization through expanded
funding for a consolidated technology transitions function in the Office of Technology Transitions ($8.5M). The
Budget Request eliminates the Advanced Research Projects Agency—Energy program, the Title XVII Innovative
Technology loan guarantee program, and the Advanced Technology Vehicle Manufacturing loan program.
The FY 2019 Budget Request provides $11B to NNSA to modernize the nuclear security enterprise, $1.8B above
FY 2017, including the ongoing refurbishment of the nuclear weapon stockpile, in alignment with the 2018 NPR.
Finally, demonstrating the Administration’s commitment to nuclear waste management the Request of $120M
resumes support for the Yucca Mountain licensing process and develops and implements a robust interim
storage program. The Yucca Mountain and Interim Storage programs are critical to enhancing the national andeconomic security goals of the nation.

NATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY ADMINISTRATIONThe National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) is responsible for maintaining a safe, secure, and effective
nuclear weapons stockpile; for preventing, countering, and responding to evolving and emerging nuclear
proliferation and terrorism threats; for providing safe, reliable and long‐term nuclear propulsion to the Nation’s
Navy as it protects American and Allied interests around the world; and for supporting the federal workforce
that carries out these critical responsibilities.
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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

To support these activities, the FY 2019 Budget Request
NATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY ADMINISTRATION
proposes $15.1B for the NNSA, $2.2B over FY 2017 Enacted.
The Request makes necessary investments consistent withNNSA Programs
FY19 ($M)

Weapons Activities
11,017
the NPR to: modernize and rebuild a nuclear force andDefense Nuclear Nonproliferation
1,863
nuclear security enterprise; prevent, counter and respondNaval Reactors
1,789
to nuclear proliferation and terrorism threats; and provideFederal Salaries and Expenses
423
safe, reliable, and long‐term nuclear propulsion to the
NNSA Total
15,091
Nation’s Navy. The Nuclear Weapons Council (NWC) willtranslate the NPR’s policy initiatives into requirements. This request positions NNSA to support those initiatives
while working within the NWC to define the military requirements and strategic direction provided by the NPR.
As military requirements are refined, the Administration will work with Congress to ensure that the program ofwork is properly authorized and funded.
The Budget Request includes:
$11B for Weapons Activities, $1.8B above FY 2017 Enacted, to maintain the safety, security, andeffectiveness of the nuclear stockpile, to continue the nuclear modernization program, and to modernize
NNSA’s nuclear security infrastructure portfolio in alignment with the NPR.
o $1.9B for Life Extension Programs (LEPs), $580M above FY 2017 Enacted, to support the nuclear
weapons program. The FY 2019 Budget Request supports the LEP and Major Alterations (Alt) including
the W80‐4 LEP, the W88 Alt 370, completion of the W76‐1 LEP, transition from design to production for
the B61‐12 LEP, and restart of the Feasibility Study & Design Options for Interoperable Warhead‐1 (IW‐1) to remain aligned with the Department of Defense (DOD) current nuclear modernization plans.
o $3.0B for Infrastructure and Operations, $194M above FY 2017, to continue the long‐term effort toreverse the declining state of NNSA infrastructure, improve working conditions of NNSA’s deteriorating
facilities and equipment, and address safety and programmatic risks. The Request funds construction of
the Uranium Processing Facility (UPF) and associated buildings; continued construction of the Chemistry
and Metallurgical Research Replacement (CMRR) project to sustain plutonium science activities; andconstruction of the Albuquerque Complex Project to replace aging and degrading facilities.
o $163M for activities and research leading to deployment of exascale capability for national security
applications. Of this $47M is designated for two construction projects: 1) $24M for the Exascale Class
Computer Cooling Equipment (EC3E) project at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and 2) $23M
for the Exascale Computing Facility Modernization (ECFM) project at the Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory (LLNL).

$1.9B for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, $17M below FY 2017 Enacted, to address the entire nuclear
threat spectrum by preventing the acquisition of nuclear weapons or weapons‐usable materials, countering
efforts to acquire such weapons or materials, and responding to nuclear or radiological incidents. The
Budget Request also includes $220M to continue the orderly and safe closure of the Mixed Oxide (MOX)
Fuel Fabrication Facility and $59M for the Surplus Plutonium Disposition (SPD) project to support the diluteand dispose strategy. The Budget Request will support the continuation of preliminary design and theinitiation of long‐lead procurements in FY 2019.



$1.8B for Naval Reactors (NR), an increase of $369M from the FY 2017 level (excluding the transfer of $75M
to the Office of Nuclear Energy to support the Advanced Test Reactor), to support the current and future
fleet. The request funds continued research, development and design for the Columbia‐class submarine,
recapitalizing the capability to handle naval spent nuclear fuel, and continued work to ensure the fleet
remains the most advanced, well‐maintained, and capable nuclear fleet in the world.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

$423M for NNSA Federal Salaries and Expenses, $35M above FY 2017, to support 1,715 federal full‐timeequivalent (FTE) employees who provide federal oversight of the nuclear security enterprise. This workforce
is responsible for managing and executing NNSA’s weapons activities and nonproliferation missions.

SCIENCEThe FY 2019 Budget Request includes $5.4B for the Office of Science, the same as FY 2017 Enacted, to focus on
its core mission of conducting cutting edge, early‐stage research. Highlights of the Request include:$2.2B for discovery at the frontiers of science,
maintaining 40% of its budget for research,
including $578M to achieve exascale andquantum computing

SCIENCE
Science Programs
FY19 ($M)
Advanced Scientific Computing Research899
Basic Energy Sciences
1,850
Biological and Environmental Research
500
Fusion Energy Sciences340
High Energy Physics
770

Nuclear Physics
600

Science Laboratory Infrastructure127Security and Administration
286

Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists
19
Science Total
5,391



$2.1B to operate national labs and world‐classscientific instruments for over 30,000
researchers

$760M to construct the next generation ofscientific facilities and tools, including the new
Advanced Light Source Upgrade (ALS‐U) at
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the
Linac Coherent Light Source‐II High Energy project at SLAC; continuation of construction of the Long Baseline
Neutrino Facility/Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (LBNF/DUNE) at Fermi, the Facility for Rare
Isotope Beams at Michigan State University, two significant upgrades to the Large Hadron Collider, and$75M for the ITER project.

Specific program requests include:$899M for Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR), an increase of $252M from FY 2017 Enacted.
The funding includes $472.7M to develop exascale computing systems and continue site preparations andinvestments to deploy an exascale system in 2021 and another in 2022. The Request also supports coreresearch in applied mathematics and computer science, partnerships under the Scientific Discovery throughAdvanced Computing program, and new strategic partnerships to understand the challenges that quantum
information and neuromorphic technologies pose to DOE mission applications.

$1.85B for Basic Energy Sciences (BES), $21.5M below FY 2017 Enacted. The Request supports early‐stage,fundamental R&D and operating and maintaining scientific user facilities. Priority areas include the Energy
Frontier Research Centers, ultrafast science, and quantum information science research. Funding supports
the two Energy Innovation Hubs, four x‐ray facilities, both BES‐supported neutron sources, five nanoscience
centers, and ongoing and new construction projects.

$500M for Biological and Environmental Research, $112M below FY 2017 Enacted, supporting core researchin genomics and modeling while operating scientific user facilities in environmental sciences. The Request
funds research in foundational genomic sciences, including the four Bioenergy Research Centers.

$340M for Fusion Energy Sciences, a decrease of $40M from FY 2017 Enacted, to support R&D that willcontribute to U.S. leadership in fusion technological advances. The Request funds the DIII‐D program
research and facility operations; the Materials‐Plasma Exposure eXperiment (MPEX) project; high‐energy‐
density laboratory plasma science enabled by the Matter in Extreme Conditions instrument of the Linac

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

Coherent Light Source (LCLS); and National Spherical Torus Experiment Upgrade (NSTX‐U) at Princeton
Plasma Physics Laboratory. ITER funding focuses on the highest‐priority First Plasma hardware components,
including the central solenoid superconducting magnet modules.
$770M for High Energy Physics, a decrease of $55M from FY 2017 Enacted, to support LBNF/DUNE, theHigh‐Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL‐LC) Accelerator and Detector Upgrade projects at CERN, theMuon to Electron Conversion Experiment project, and Major Items of Equipment. The request also funds
Quantum Information Science (QIS) research.



$600M for Nuclear Physics, a decrease of $22M from FY 2017 Enacted, to support research to develop new
applications for medicine, commerce, and national security. The Request funds Relativistic Heavy Ion
Collider (RHIC) operation, the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF), and isotope
production facilities. The Request also funds Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) construction and several
Major Items of Equipment.

$19M for Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (WDTS), a decrease of $0.5M from FY 2017
Enacted, to fund programs that place highly qualified applicants in authentic STEM learning and training
opportunities at DOE laboratories, as well as supporting the National Science Bowl® competition.

$126.9M for Science Laboratories Infrastructure (SLI), a decrease of $3.1M from FY 2017 Enacted, funds two
new construction projects: the Electrical Capacity and Distribution Capability project at Argonne National
Laboratory (ANL) and the Science User Support Center project at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL); andcontinues funding of ongoing construction projects.

ENERGYThe FY 2019 Budget Request advances energy dominance by investing in America’s leadership in energy
innovation. The FY 2019 Request provides $2.5B for energy and related programs, $1.9B below FY 2017 Enacted,
and continues the Administration’s prioritization of the early‐stage R&D that takes place at the National
Laboratories. Highlights include:
ENERGY

$696M for Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy, $1.3B below FY 2017 Enacted, focusing
on early stage R&D on energy technologies
including approaches across multiple EERE
programs to develop innovative energy storage
technologies including hydrogen fuel cells andelectric vehicles and adaptable energy storagealternatives leading to greater grid resilience.

Energy Programs
FY19 ($M)
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy696Electricity Delivery
61

Cyber Security, Energy Security, & Emergency Response 96
Fossil Energy Research and Development502
Petroleum Reserves
195
Nuclear Energy757

Yucca Mountain and Interim Storage120
Indian Energy
10
Office of Policy3–Advanced Research Projects Agency—EnergyLoan Programs‐1Power Marketing Administrations
77
Energy Total
2,515

EERE invests in early‐stage research to spur
private‐sector research, development andcommercialization of critical energy
technologies: sustainable transportation
technologies to increase fuel diversity and improve efficiency across the transportation sector ($163.5M);
renewable power generation technologies to compete with other electricity sources without subsidies($175M); and energy efficiency to improve affordability, energy productivity and resiliency of homes,
buildings and manufacturing sectors ($142M). The request eliminates the Weatherization and State Energy
subprograms more appropriately funded at the state level.
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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification



The Budget proposes to split the Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE) account, which totals $157M,
into two accounts to increase focus on grid reliability (Electricity Delivery) and cybersecurity (CESER).
o $61M for Electricity Delivery (OE), $89M below the comparable FY 2017 level, to improve the resilienceand reliability of the nation’s electricity system; invest in our transmission system to support resource
adequacy and generation diversity; move forward with new architecture approaches for thetransmission and distribution system to enhance security and resilience; and advance energy storage.
o $96M to protect energy infrastructure security by establishing the new Cybersecurity, Energy Security,and Emergency Response (CESER) account, $17M above the comparable FY 2017 level. This accountfunds increases in Cybersecurity for Energy Delivery Systems to improve grid and energy sector
cybersecurity and in Infrastructure Security and Energy Restoration to support a more robust response
capability to effectively address the needs of affected areas after storms or other incidents.

$502M for Fossil Energy R&D, $81M above FY 2017 Enacted, to focus on cutting‐edge, early stage R&D to
improve the reliability and efficiency of advanced fossil‐based power systems through multiple R&D efforts
including significant improvements to coal plant energy generation. Carbon capture technologies willcontinue to focus on mitigating domestic CO2 emissions at fossil fuel‐fired power plants and concentrating
CO2 for high‐valued products and Enhanced Oil Recovery.



$757M for Nuclear Energy, $259M below FY 2017 Enacted, to revive and expand the U.S. nuclear energy
sector through early‐stage R&D, prioritizing support for advanced manufacturing methods, instrumentation,and reactor technologies, including $54M for advanced Small Modular Reactor R&D. The Request supports
R&D for enhanced accident tolerance on light water reactor fuel concepts; strategic infrastructure
investments in nuclear energy technologies, including modeling and simulation; and investments into thereliability and availability of the Advanced Test Reactor. The Integrated Waste Management System
subprogram is discontinued and interim storage activities and corresponding Program Direction funding is
moved to the Yucca Mountain and Interim Storage program.

$120M for the Yucca Mountain and Interim Storage Program, demonstrating the Administration’scommitment to nuclear waste management by restarting Nuclear Regulatory Commission licensing activities
for the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository ($110M of which $19.6M is Program Direction),establishing a robust interim storage program to develop a capability for earlier acceptance of spent nuclear
fuel ($10M of which $3.4M is Program Direction).

$10M, $6M below FY 2017 Enacted, to provide financial and technical assistance critical to advancing
electrification and energy development and deployment and reducing energy costs on Indian lands.



Terminates the Loan Programs and the Advanced Research Projects Agency—Energy, while maintaining
monitoring of the existing loan portfolio and overseeing existing awards to completion.

$195M for the Petroleum Reserves, including the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR), Naval Petroleum and
Oil Shale Reserves, and Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve. The President’s Budget continues the sale of
SPR oil for the Energy Security and Infrastructure Modernization Fund authorized by the Bipartisan Budget
Act of 2015 to support an effective modernization program for the SPR.



$77M for the Power Marketing Administrations (PMA), $6M below FY 2017 Enacted. As part of the
President’s mandatory budget proposals, the Request proposes to sell the PMA transmission assets andwould repeal the $3.25B Western Area Power Administration emergency borrowing authority authorized by
the Recovery Act of 2009 and would permit consideration of comparable utilities’ rates when setting prices.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification$2.5M and uses carryover balances for an Office of Policy (OP), to develop energy policies; produce
congressionally mandated reports; and provide research, market and industry analysis of the energy sector.

 $115M for the Energy Information Administration, $7M below FY 2017 Enacted, to continue supporting thecollection, analysis, and dissemination of independent and impartial energy information and analysis topromote sound policymaking, efficient markets, and public understanding.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
The Budget Request includes $6.6B for Environmental Management, $182M above FY 2017 Enacted, to continue
managing the cleanup resulting from five decades of nuclear weapons development and production and
Government‐sponsored nuclear energy research. This request will clean up millions of gallons of liquidradioactive waste, thousands of tons of spent (used) nuclear fuel and nuclear materials, disposition of large
volumes of transuranic and mixed/low‐level waste, huge quantities of contaminated soil and water, anddeactivation and decommissioning of excess facilities. EM is responsible for clean up at 16 remaining sites in 11
states. Highlights of the FY 2019 Budget Request include:$1.7B, $287M above FY 2017 Enacted, to provide
support at the Savannah River Site for the Liquid
Tank Waste Management Program, including asignificant increase in the production at the
Defense Waste Processing Facility, startup of theSalt Waste Processing Facility, continued
construction of the Saltstone Disposal Unit #7,
and completion of design and beginning
construction of Saltstone Disposal Units #8 and#9.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTDOE Cleanup Sites and Program
Savannah River
River ProtectionRichland/HanfordPortsmouth
Oak Ridge
Carlsbad/Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP)

Idaho

Program Direction

Paducah
Los Alamos
Excess Facilities
West Valley Demonstration Project
Nevada
Moab
Uranium Thorium ReimbursementsTechnology Development
Separation Process Research Unit (SPRU)Headquarters Operations
Energy Technology Engineering CenterOther Sites

Sandia National Laboratory

BrookhavenLawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Environmental Management Total

FY19 ($M)
1,656
1,438
747
415
409
403
359
300
270
192
150
64
60
35
30
25
15
13
8
5
3
2
2
6,601



$1.4B, $61M below FY 2017 Enacted, for the
Office of River Protection, to safely manage andtreat approximately 56M gallons of radioactive
liquid and chemical waste currently stored in 177
underground storage tanks at Hanford, 17 ofwhich have completed waste retrieval and aretransitioning to closure, including ongoing
construction, startup and commissioning
activities at the Waste Treatment Plant
supporting the direct feed of low‐activity waste
for immobilization by December 2023.

$747M, $169M below FY 2017 Enacted, forRichland cleanup at Hanford to support cleanup required by the Tri‐Party Agreement, including soil andgroundwater remediation, facility decontamination and decommissioning, and stabilization and dispositionof nuclear materials and spent nuclear fuel.

$415M, $33M above FY 2017 Enacted, for the decontamination and decommissioning project and othercleanup at the Portsmouth Site.

$409M, $90M less than FY 2017 Enacted, for cleanup activities at the Oak Ridge site, including continued
deactivation and demolition at the East Tennessee Technology Park, preparation of Building 2026 to support

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

processing of the remaining U‐233 material at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, planning and initiation ofdesign for a new On‐Site Waste Disposal Facility, and planning and completion of early site preparation
activities for the Outfall 200 Mercury Treatment Facility.
$403M, $79M above FY 2017 Enacted, to safely continue waste emplacement at the Waste Isolation Pilot
Plant (WIPP), the Nation’s only mined geologic repository for permanent disposal of defense‐generated
transuranic waste, including $85M for ventilation system and utility shaft projects to increase undergroundairflow for simultaneous mining and waste emplacement operations.

$359M, $31M less than FY 2017 Enacted, to continue cleanup at the Idaho site, including the commissioning
and startup of the Integrated Waste Treatment Unit and operating the Advanced Mixed Waste Treatment
Project, continue progress toward buried waste exhumation under the Accelerated Retrieval Project, support
spent (used) nuclear fuel activities to meet the Idaho Settlement Agreement milestone of all spent (used)nuclear fuel out of wet storage by 2023, and maintain soil and ground remedies for the protection of the
Snake River Plain aquifer.

$270M, $2M less than FY 2017 Enacted, for the Paducah site to continue ongoing cleanup activities.

$150M to deactivate and decommission specific high‐risk excess contaminated facilities at Y‐12 National
Security Complex and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory not currently in the program’s inventory.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

FUNDING BY APPROPRIATION($K)
FY 2017
EnactedDepartment of Energy Budget by Appropriation
Energy and Water Development, and Related Agencies
Energy Programs
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Electricity Delivery
Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response
Nuclear Energy

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted$%

FY 2019
Request2,034,582
229,585001,015,821

2,040,005
228,025001,008,922

695,610061,30995,800757,090-1,338,972-229,585+61,309+95,800-258,731-65.8%-100.0%
N/A
N/A-25.5%

421,154
12,005
222,605
6,497
662,261438,998
14,848221,4856,456
681,787

502,070
10,000175,105
10,000697,175+80,916-2,005-47,500+3,503+34,914+19.2%-16.7%-21.3%+53.9%+5.3%

Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning (D&D) Fund
Energy Information Administration
Non-Defense Environmental Cleanup
Science
Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy
Nuclear Waste Disposal (30M in DNWF 050)
Departmental Administration
Inspector General
Title 17 - Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program
Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program
Tribal Energy Loan Guarantee Program
Total, Energy Programs

767,929
122,000
246,7625,390,972
305,2450142,863
44,424
139
3,883
9,000
10,975,466

763,106
121,171245,324
5,354,362
302,9220
141,190
44,122
16,7494,966
8,939
10,961,590

752,749
115,035
218,400
5,390,972
0
90,000139,534
51,3307,000
1,000-8,5009,064,504-15,180-6,965-28,3620-305,245+90,000-3,329+6,906+6,861-2,883-17,500-1,910,962

-2.0%
-5.7%
-11.5%
N/A-100.0%N/A-2.3%+15.5%+4,936.0%-74.2%-194.4%-17.4%

Atomic Energy Defense Activities
National Nuclear Security Administration
Weapons Activities
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation
Naval Reactors
Federal Salaries and Expenses
Total, National Nuclear Security Administration

9,240,739
1,879,738
1,419,792
387,366
12,927,635

9,241,585
1,885,949
1,410,455
384,718
12,922,707

11,017,078
1,862,825
1,788,618
422,529
15,091,050+1,776,339-16,913+368,826+35,163+2,163,415+19.2%-0.9%+26.0%+9.1%+16.7%

Environmental and Other Defense Activities
Defense Environmental Cleanup
Other Defense Activities
Defense Nuclear Waste Disposal (90M in 270 Energy)
Total, Environmental and Other Defense Activities
Total, Atomic Energy Defense Activities

5,404,217
781,703
06,185,920
19,113,555

5,368,298
778,676
0
6,146,974
19,069,681

5,630,217
853,300
30,0006,513,517
21,604,567+226,000+71,597+30,000+327,597+2,491,012

+4.2%
+9.2%
N/A
+5.3%
+13.0%

0
11,057
94,742
232-23,000
83,031

0
10,982
94,093
230-22,844
82,4610
10,40089,372
228-23,000
77,0000-657-5,370-4
0-6,031

N/A
-5.9%
-5.7%
-1.7%
N/A
-7.3%

Fossil Energy Programs
Fossil Energy Research and Development
Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves
Strategic Petroleum Reserve
Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve
Total, Fossil Energy Programs

Power Marketing Administrations
Southeastern Power Administration
Southwestern Power Administration
Western Area Power Administration
Falcon and Amistad Operating and Maintenance Fund
Colorado River Basins
Total, Power Marketing Administrations
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)
Subtotal, Energy and Water Development, and Related Agencies
Uranium Enrichment D&D Fund Discretionary Payments
Defense EM Funded Uranium Enrichment D&D Fund Contribution
Excess Fees and Recoveries, FERC
Title XVII Loan Guarantee Program Section 1703 Negative Credit Subsidy Receipt
Sale of Northeast Gas Reserve
Defense Programs Rescission of Balances (Undistributed)
Title 17 Loan Guarantee Program Rescission
Total, Funding by Appropriation

0

0

0

0

N/A

30,172,052

30,113,732

30,746,071+574,019+1.9%-563,000
563,000-16,645-37,000
0-43-9,00030,109,364-559,177
559,177-9,000-37,000
0-43-9,00030,058,689

0
0-16,000-44,000-77,0000030,609,071+563,000-563,000+645-7,000-77,000+43+9,000+499,707+100.0%-100.0%+3.9%-18.9%
N/A+100.0%+100.0%+1.7%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, the budget assumes this account is
operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided
by the continuing resolution.

Budget in Brief

10

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

FUNDING BY ORGANIZATION
FY 2017
EnactedDepartment of Energy Budget by Organization
National Nuclear Security Administration
Weapons Activities
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation
Naval Reactors
Federal Salaries and Expenses
Total, National Nuclear Security Administration

FY 2018
Annualized CR*($K)

FY 2019
RequestFY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted$%

9,240,739
1,879,738
1,419,792
387,366
12,927,635

9,241,585
1,885,949
1,410,455
384,718
12,922,707

11,017,078
1,862,825
1,788,618
422,529
15,091,050+1,776,339-16,913+368,826+35,163+2,163,415+19.2%-0.9%+26.0%+9.1%+16.7%

Energy Programs
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability
Office of Electricity Delivery
Power Marketing Administrations
Office of Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response
Petroleum Reserves
Fossil Energy Research and Development
Nuclear Energy
Yucca Mountain and Interim Storage
Energy Policy and Systems Analysis
Office of Indian Energy
Office of Policy
Project Management Oversight Assessment
Environment, Health, Safety and Security Mission Support

2,034,582
229,585083,0310241,107421,154
1,015,821
030,99916,000012,373
189,826

2,040,005
228,025082,461
0242,789
438,998
1,008,922
030,78915,8910
12,289189,675

695,610061,30977,00095,800
195,105
502,070757,090
120,000
0
10,0052,510
15,005
205,847-1,338,972-229,585+61,309-6,031+95,800-46,002+80,916-258,731+120,000-30,999-5,995+2,510+2,632+16,021-65.8%-100.0%
N/A
-7.3%
N/A
-19.1%+19.2%-25.5%
N/A-100.0%-37.5%
N/A+21.3%+8.4%

Credit Programs
Title 17 - Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program
Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program
Tribal Energy Loan Guarantee Program
Total, Credit Programs
Total, Energy Programs

139
3,883
9,000
13,022
4,287,500

16,7494,966
8,939
30,654
4,320,498

7,000
1,000
-8,500-500
2,736,851+6,861-2,883-17,500-13,522-1,550,649+4,936.0%-74.2%-194.4%-103.8%-36.2%

Science, Environmental and Legacy Management,
and Office of Technology Transitions (OTT)
Science
Environmental Management
Office of Legacy Management
Office of Technology Transitions
Total, Science, Environmental and Legacy Management, and OTT

5,390,972
6,418,908
153,254
6,906
11,970,040

5,354,362
6,376,728
153,272
6,859
11,891,221

5,390,972
6,601,366
158,877
8,505
12,159,720

0+182,458+5,623+1,599+189,680

N/A
+2.8%
+3.7%
+23.2%+1.6%

74,492
52,92424,486
10,1695,089
49,242
6,200
3,405
33,00017,9983,000-63,094-20,610
196,301

73,98652,56524,334
10,1005,054
48,908
6,158
3,408
32,776
17,8782,980-63,272-20,610
194,265

96,79354,872
25,625
10,005
5,395
48,912
4,212
6,594
33,07524,5453,170-56,000
0257,198+22,301+1,948+1,139
-164
+306
-330
-1,988+3,189+75+6,547+170+7,094+20,610+60,897+29.9%
+3.7%
+4.7%
-1.6%
+6.0%
-0.7%
-32.1%+93.7%+0.2%+36.4%+5.7%+11.2%+100.0%+31.0%

Other Defense Activities (Direct Reports)
Office of Enterprise Assessments
Specialized Security Activities
Hearings and Appeals
Total, Other Defense Activities

75,579237,908
5,420
318,907

75,067236,296
5,463
316,826

76,770254,378
3,739
334,887+1,191+16,470-1,681+15,980

+1.6%
+6.9%
-31.0%+5.0%

Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy
Energy Information Administration
Inspector General
Total, Other Department Offices

305,245
122,000
44,424
986,877

302,922
121,171
44,122
979,306

0
115,035
51,330758,450-305,245-6,965+6,906-228,427-100.0%-5.7%+15.5%-23.1%-16,645-37,000
0-43-9,00030,109,364-9,000-37,000
0-43-9,00030,058,689-16,000-44,000-77,0000030,609,071+645-7,000-77,000+43+9,000+499,707+3.9%-18.9%
N/A+100.0%+100.0%+1.7%

Other Department Offices
Departmental Administration (Direct Reports)
Chief Information Officer
Management
Chief Human Capital Officer
Economic Impact and Diversity
Office of the Secretary
Chief Financial Officer
Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs
Public Affairs
General Counsel
International Affairs
Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization
Strategic Partnership Projects and Revenues
Cost of Work For Others
Total, Departmental Administration

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Title XVII Loan Guarantee Program Section 1703 Negative Credit Subsidy Receipt
Sale of Northeast Gas Reserve
Defense Programs Rescission of Balances (Undistributed)
Title 17 Loan Guarantee Program Rescission
Total, Funding by Organization*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, the budget assumes this account is
operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided
by the continuing resolution.

Budget in Brief

11

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

Budget in Brief

12

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

NATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY ADMINISTRATION a

National Nuclear Security Administration
Weapons Activities
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation
Naval Reactors aFederal Salaries and Expenses
Total, National Nuclear Security Administration

FY 2017
EnactedFY 2018
Annualized CR*

9,240,739
1,879,738
1,419,792
387,366
12,927,635

9,241,585
1,885,949
1,410,455
384,718
12,922,707($K)
FY 2019
Request11,017,078
1,862,825
1,788,618
422,529
15,091,050

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+1,776,339-16,913+368,826+35,163+2,163,415+19.2%-0.9%+26.0%+9.1%+16.7%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) FY 2019 Budget Request is $15,091,050,000, an increase of$2,163,415,000 (17 percent) above the FY 2017 Enacted level to fund NNSA’s mission to support the security and safety of
our nation. NNSA pursues four major national security endeavors: (1) use science to maintain a safe, secure, and effective
nuclear weapons stockpile; (2) reduce the threat posed by nuclear proliferation and terrorism both domestically andinternationally, including unsecured or excess nuclear and radiological materials; (3) prepare to respond to, and mitigate,
nuclear and radiological incidents worldwide; and (4) design and maintain safe and effective nuclear propulsion for the U.S.
Navy. The FY 2019 Budget Request will modernize America’s nuclear stockpile and infrastructure, support U.S. Navy
nuclear propulsion requirements, and support the nonproliferation goals. The Request also supports efforts to formulate acomprehensive Government-wide Reform Plan to create a lean, accountable, more efficient government; effectively andefficiently deliver NNSA programs; and align the NNSA federal workforce to meet the needs of today and the future.
Program Highlights
The Weapons Activities (WA) FY 2019 Budget Request is $11,017,078,000, a $1,776,339,000 (19 percent) increase above
FY 2017 Enacted.
The Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation (DNN) FY 2019 Budget Request is $1,862,825,000, a $16,913,000(1 percent) decrease from FY 2017 Enacted.
The Naval Reactors (NR) FY 2019 Budget Request for is $1,788,618,000, a $368,826,000 (26 percent) increase above
FY 2017 Enacted.
The NNSA Federal Salaries and Expenses (FSE) FY 2019 Budget Request is $422,529,000, a $35,163,000 (9 percent) increase
above FY 2017 Enacted.
Major Outyear Priorities and Assumptions
NNSA’s FYNSP topline for FY 2020 – FY 2023 is $66.4 billion maintaining stable and consistent funding which is key to thecurrent and future nuclear strategy and enterprise. This budget supports the modernization efforts and the scientific tools
necessary to execute the 2018 Nuclear Posture Review (NPR). The budget continues to modernize America’s nuclear
stockpile and infrastructure, and the underlying science that supports strategic decisions and certification of the stockpile.
The Request supports the U.S Navy’s nuclear fleet through a safe and effective integrated nuclear propulsion systems. The
Request also supports the nonproliferation goals outlined in NNSA’s Prevent, Counter, and Respond—A Strategic Plan to
Reduce Global Nuclear Threats (NPCR).

a

Funding does not reflect the transfer to the Office of Nuclear Energy for maintenance and operation of the Advanced Test
Reactor.

Budget in Brief

13

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

WEAPONS ACTIVITIES – NNSA

National Nuclear Security Administration
Weapons Activities
Directed Stockpile Work
ScienceEngineering
Inertial Confinement Fusion Ignition and High Yield
Advanced Simulation and Computing
Advanced Manufacturing Development
Infrastructure and Operations
Secure Transportation Asset
Defense Nuclear Security
Information Technology and Cybersecurity
Legacy Contractor Pensions
Subtotal, Weapons Activities
Rescission of Prior Year Balances
Total, Weapons Activities

FY 2017
EnactedFY 2018
Annualized CR*

3,308,027
436,500
132,482
522,959
663,184
87,1052,808,363
248,889
685,500
176,592
248,492
9,318,093-77,354
9,240,739

3,285,561
433,537
131,582
519,408
658,680
86,514
2,789,290
247,199
680,845
175,393
246,804
9,254,813-13,228
9,241,585($K)
FY 2019
Request4,666,205
564,860
211,367
418,927
703,401
96,8383,002,736
278,639
690,638
221,175
162,292
11,017,078
0
11,017,078

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+1,358,178+128,360+78,885-104,032+40,217+9,733+194,373+29,750+5,138+44,583-86,200+1,698,985+77,354+1,776,339+41.1%+29.4%+59.5%-19.9%+6.1%+11.2%+6.9%+12.0%+0.7%+25.2%-34.7%+18.2%+100.0%+19.2%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
Programs funded in the Weapons Activities (WA) appropriation support the Nation's safe, secure, and effective nuclear
deterrent including the supporting infrastructure of science, technology, and engineering capabilities. Weapons Activities
provides for the maintenance and refurbishment of nuclear weapons to continue sustained confidence in their safety,
reliability, and performance; investment in scientific, engineering, and manufacturing capabilities to enable certification of
the enduring nuclear weapons stockpile; and manufacture of nuclear weapon components. Weapons Activities also
provides for maintenance and investment in the NNSA nuclear complex to be more responsive and cost effective. This
work is done in partnership with the Department of Defense (DOD).
NNSA’s Management and Operating (M&O) contractors employ approximately 39,000 people, primarily at eightgeographical sites, to execute these programs managed by a Federal workforce composed of civilian and military staff.
Additional details about these programs will be included in the FY 2019 Stockpile Stewardship and Management Plan
(SSMP), planned for release in March 2018.
The FY 2019 Request provides a 19.2% increase from the FY 2017 Enacted level, and supports the current stockpile, life
extension programs, modernization efforts, and the scientific tools necessary for these efforts. This scope is consistent withthe 2018 Nuclear Posture Review (NPR). The Nuclear Weapons Council (NWC) will translate the NPR’s policy initiatives into
requirements. This request positions NNSA to support those initiatives while working within the NWC to define the militaryrequirements and strategic direction provided by the NPR. As military requirements are refined, the Administration will
work with Congress to ensure that the program of work is properly authorized and funded. FY 2019 funding increases arerequested in a number of areas as noted below.
Program Highlights• Directed Stockpile Work (DSW)DSW encompasses activities that support the nuclear weapons stockpile. These activities include maintenance andsurveillance; planned refurbishment; reliability assessment; weapon dismantlement and disposition; and research,

Budget in Brief

14

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

development, and certification of technology efforts to meet stockpile requirements and strategic materials.
Requested increases in Life Extension Programs (LEP) and Major Alterations (Alt) support planned workscope for therestart of and feasibility and design options study for the Interoperable Warhead 1 (IW1). This additional funding isrequired to maintain alignment with DOD schedules. Increases are included for Plutonium Sustainment to fabricate
four to five development (DEV) W87 pits, continue investments to replace end-of-life pit production equipment, andinstall equipment to increase production capacity. The Tritium Sustainment increase supports increased Tritium
production associated with Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) reactor fuel and operational costs. The Uranium
Sustainment increases to extend the operational lifetime of existing enriched uranium facilities. The Lithium
Sustainment increases to produce and maintain the lithium material supply to meet mission deliverables, including
maintenance of a configuration controlled lithium supply and demand model. The increase in Domestic Uranium
Enrichment supports the start of an effort to downblend available stocks of highly enriched uranium for use in tritium
production, which delays the need for a domestic uranium enrichment capability.
•

Research, Development, Test and Evaluation (RDT&E)
RDT&E develops and maintains critical capabilities, tools, and processes needed to support science-based stockpile
stewardship, refurbishment, and continued certification of the stockpile without the use of underground nuclear
explosive testing. The FY 2019 Request funds required annual assessments and increases funding in several areas tosupport future LEP options and system certification, including Hydrodynamic and subcritical experiments and Enhanced
Capabilities for Subcritical Experiments (ECSE). Advanced Simulation and Computing (ASC) funding increase continues
NNSA’s exascale activities to include infrastructure upgrade projects to prepare for siting of future exascale computing
platforms. The Inertial Confinement Fusion Ignition and High Yield program supports continued research andoperations at NNSA’s preeminent High Energy Density (HED) facilities - National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratories (LLNL) and Z Pulsed Power facility at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). The FY 2019
Request proposes to rebalance the ICF program to strengthen longer term support for SSP as well as respond to higher
NNSA priorities. The FY 2019 Request initiates a three-year ramp-down in NNSA support for the University ofRochester’s Laboratory for Laser Energetics, including the aged Omega Laser Facility. Finally, NNSA is proposing
increases in Engineering to implement a Stockpile Responsiveness program as well as to conduct research,experiments, and studies that will lay the foundation for future requirements.

•

Infrastructure and Operations (I&O)
I&O maintains, operates, and modernizes the NNSA infrastructure in a safe, secure, and cost-effective manner toenable program results. Infrastructure and Operations activities provide a comprehensive approach to start reversing
the declining state of NNSA infrastructure while maximizing return on investment, and reducing enterprise risk. The
program also plans, prioritizes, and constructs state-of-the-art facilities, infrastructure, and scientific tools through
Capability Based Investments and Line Item Construction projects. For FY 2019, funding will continue the stabilizationof deferred maintenance, execute Recapitalization projects to improve the condition and extend the design life of
structures, capabilities, and systems to meet program demands; decrease overall operating costs; and reduce safety,
security, environmental, and program risk. The request supports increases in funding for UPF and CMRR per therespective project execution plans and efforts to phase out mission dependency in the existing aged facilities.
Increased funding also provides for general-purpose construction projects including the construction of the
Albuquerque Complex Project to replace the aging and degrading Federal facilities and the 138kV Power Transmission
System Replacement project to replace and upgrade the current power transmission system for the Mission Corridor at
NNSS.

•

Secure Transportation Asset (STA)
STA supports the safe, secure movement of nuclear weapons, special nuclear material, and weapon components. The
Program Direction in this account provides for the secure transportation workforce, including Federal agents. The
pillars of the STA security concept are specialized vehicles to include highly secure trailers, well trained agents, androbust communication systems. In FY 2019, Mobile Guardian Transporter (MGT) development includes the completionof both the Prototype 2 (P-2) Rolling Chassis Manufacturing Readiness Review and the Cargo Manufacturing Readiness
Review as well as the assembly, integration, and crash test of Prototype 1 (P-1). The FY 2019 funding also supports the
Safeguards Transporter (SGT) risk reduction initiatives to extend the life of the SGT, replacement of vehicles andBudget in Brief

15

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

tractors, and efforts to restore federal agent strength levels required to meet the STA mission capacity. The increase in
Program Direction funding supports inflation as well as the anticipated increase in federal agents and services tosupport the workforce in accomplishing the mission.
•

Defense Nuclear Security (DNS)
DNS provides protection for NNSA nuclear weapons and special nuclear materials, facilities, and personnel against a full
spectrum of threats, ranging from local security incidents to terrorism. This program employs over 1,500 protective
force officers and 1,100 additional security professionals and support staff responsible for meeting all security
requirements at NNSA sites. In FY 2019, the Request includes funding for positions in key security program areas at thesites, such as protective forces, physical security systems, information security, technical security, personnel security,
nuclear material control and accountability, and security program operations and planning. It also includes planningand conceptual design funds for future projects to sustain and recapitalize the Perimeter Intrusion Detection andAssessment Systems (PIDAS) at the Pantex and Y-12 sites, as estimated in the 10-year Refresh Plan.

•

Information Technology (IT) and Cybersecurity
The IT and Cybersecurity program provides a range of IT and Cybersecurity support functions and activities, andmanages cybersecurity operations and program areas within NNSA’s M&O contractors. In FY 2019, the program will
support the continued recapitalization of the Enterprise Secure Network, modernize the federal and site Cybersecurity
infrastructure, implement the Identity Control and Access Management project at NNSA Headquarters and siteelements, execute and coordinate Public Key Infrastructure and other Committee on National Security Systems
requirements, and leverage IT Modernization efforts across the NNSA nuclear security enterprise to increase theefficiency and cost-effectiveness of NNSA IT services, consistent with the DOE Strategies.

Budget in Brief

16

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

Planned and Proposed Accomplishments
In FY 2017, the Department:• Exceeded scheduled deliveries for the W76-1 LEP to the Department of the Navy.
• Continued the Production Engineering phase and joint qualification/testing with the Air Force for the B61-12 LEP.
• Completed Feasibility Study and Option Down-Select activities for W80-4 warhead for Air Force’s LRSO System andcommenced Phase 6.2A, Cost Study, in September 2017.
• Commenced the Production Engineering phase and continued joint qualification/testing with the Navy for the W88
ALT 370.
• Completed the annual stockpile assessment process and for the 21th consecutive year certified the stockpile as safe,
secure, and effective without underground nuclear testing.
• Completed a multi-year NIF campaign of 63 experiments to validate an important hydrodynamic mix model.
• LANL’s next high performance computing system (Trinity) fully transitioned to classified network to support annual
assessment of stockpile.
• LLNL’s next high performance computing system (El Capitan) to be delivered in FY 2023 passed Critical Decision 0(Mission Need) for exascale computer system.
In FY 2018, expected accomplishments:• Maintain a safe, secure, and effective nuclear weapons stockpile without nuclear explosive testing for over 20 years.
• Continue to execute the Defense Nuclear Security Safeguards and Security program by protecting Special Nuclear
Material, classified information and NNSA personnel and property.
• Conduct Z data experiment comparison of a 5-year-old plutonium sample to an aged, 53-year-old plutonium sample.
• Achieve highest neutron yield to date on NIF, 1.7 x 1016 DT neutrons, a 70% increase from the previous FY 2015 record.
• Continue funding Cybersecurity operations to provide defense in depth security at each of the national security
laboratories, plants, and sites to defend appropriately against the steadily increasing threats.
• Complete 90% design of UPF and achieved technical readiness for microwave casting and calciner technologies.
In FY 2019, the Budget Request proposes to:• Complete production of W76-1 LEP warhead.
• Continue B61-12 LEP activities supporting First Production Unit (FPU) in FY 2020.
• Continue W88 Alt 370 activities supporting FPU in FY 2020.
• Continue W80-4 LEP activities supporting FPU in FY 2025
• Initiate IW1, Feasibility Study and Design Option, and technology maturation investment activities and support Nuclear
Posture Review direction.
• Continue the phased approach for constructing UPF for the uranium strategy.
• Collaborate with DOE Office of Science in developing exascale class high performance computing to meet needs for
future assessments, LEPs, and stockpile stewardship.
• Continue work on the CMRR project to support the plutonium strategy and pit production requirements.
• Continue work on Enhanced Capabilities for Subcritical Experiments/U1a Complex Enhancement Project.
• Increase Federal Agents supporting the Secure Transportation Asset, and Continue with baseline design for Mobile
Guardian Transporter.
• Continue the stabilization of deferred maintenance, execute Recapitalization projects to improve the condition andextend the design life of structures, capabilities, and systems to meet program demands; decrease overall operating
costs; and reduce safety, security, environmental, and program risk.
• Increase funding for general-purpose construction projects including the construction of the Albuquerque Complex
Project to replace the aging and degrading Federal facilities and the 138kV Power Transmission System Replacement
project to replace and upgrade the current power transmission system for the Mission Corridor at NNSS.
• Continue recapitalization of the Enterprise Secure Network, modernize the federal and site Cybersecurity
infrastructure, and implement the Identity Control and Access Management project at NNSA Headquarters and siteelements.

Budget in Brief

17

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

DEFENSE NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION – NNSA

National Nuclear Security Administration
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Programs
Material Management and Minimization
Global Material Security
Nonproliferation and Arms Control
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation R&D
Nonproliferation Construction
Subtotal, Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Programs
Nuclear Counterterrorism and Incident Response Program
Legacy Contractor Pensions
Subtotal, Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation
Use of Prior Year Balances
Rescission of Prior Year Balances
Total, Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation

FY 2017
EnactedFY 2018
Annualized CR*($K)
FY 2019
Request288,350
367,108
124,703469,750
335,000
1,584,911
271,881
83,2081,940,000-38,000-22,262
1,879,738

286,391
364,615
123,856
466,560
332,725
1,574,147
270,035
82,643
1,926,825-37,742-3,134
1,885,949

332,094
337,108
129,703
456,095
279,000
1,534,000
319,185
28,6401,881,825-19,000
0
1,862,825

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+43,744-30,000+5,000-13,655-56,000-50,911+47,304-54,568-58,175+19,000+22,262-16,913+15.2%
-8.2%
+4.0%
-2.9%
-16.7%-3.2%+17.4%-65.6%-3.0%+50.0%+100.0%-0.9%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
NNSA helps keep America safe by: preventing adversaries from acquiring nuclear weapons or weapons-usable materials,
technology, and expertise; countering efforts to acquire such weapons or materials; and responding to nuclear orradiological accidents and incidents domestically and abroad. NNSA’s nonproliferation and counterterrorism activities
extend the nation’s defenses far beyond America’s borders. NNSA’s programs share the United States’ long experience inmanaging special nuclear materials with partners around the world to achieve international nonproliferation andcounterterrorism goals. NNSA leverages the knowledge that underpins the stockpile stewardship program for a range ofnonproliferation missions, from assessing foreign weapons programs and potential terrorist devises to managing theproliferation risks posed by civil nuclear applications. By limiting the number of nuclear-capable states and preventing
terrorist access to materials and technology that can threaten the United States and its allies, NNSA plays an important rolein enhancing global stability and constrains the range of potential threats facing the nation, our allies and partners.
This appropriation funds the core Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation (DNN) program and the Nuclear Counterterrorism andIncident Response (NCTIR) program. DNN and NCTIR have a primary role in the United States’ approach for reducing
security risks. These two programs, as part of a whole-of-government approach, provide policy and technical leadership toprevent or limit the spread of materials, technology, and expertise related to weapons of mass destruction (WMD); develop
technologies to detect nuclear proliferation; secure or eliminate inventories of nuclear weapons-related materials andinfrastructure; and ensure technically-trained teams and state-of-the-art equipment are prepared to respond to any nuclear
or radiological emergency domestically or abroad. DNN’s efforts reduce the danger that hostile nations or terrorist groups
may acquire nuclear devices, radiological dispersal devices, weapons-usable material, nuclear and dual-use commodities
and technology, or nuclear-related expertise. The President’s 2017 National Security Strategy (NSS) and Nuclear Posture
Review (NPR) reinforce the important work of NNSA’s nonproliferation programs, including committing to, “augment
measures to secure, eliminate, and prevent the spread of WMD and related materials.”
These activities are carried out within a dynamic global security environment, as described in NNSA’s annual report Prevent,Counter, and Respond–A Strategic Plan to Reduce Global Nuclear Threats (https://nnsa.energy.gov/aboutus/ourprograms/dnn/npcr).
This environment is characterized by the persistent threat of state or non-state actors seeking to obtain nuclear andradiological materials; state actors potentially undermining arms control agreements and nonproliferation regimes; anincrease in risk of the availability of nuclear and radiological materials as a result of the global expansion of nuclear power

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18

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

and possible spread of fuel cycle technology; increased opportunities for illicit nuclear material trafficking and sophisticatedprocurement networks; and technology advances (including cyber-related tools) that may shorten nuclear weapon
development timelines and complicate nuclear safeguards and security missions.
Program Highlights• Material Management and Minimization (M3)M3 programs minimize and, when possible, eliminate weapons-usable nuclear material around the world to achieve
permanent threat reduction. The FY 2019 Budget Request supports this objective by funding the conversion or shutdown of research reactors and isotope production facilities that use highly enriched uranium (HEU), the acceleration of
the establishment of new, non-HEU-based Mo-99 production facilities in the United States, the removal and disposal of
weapons-usable nuclear material, the independent validation of the lifecycle cost estimate and schedule for the diluteand dispose alternative for plutonium disposition, and the completion of the Repurposed Enriched Uranium (REU)
contractual down-blending activities. In addition, political and technical challenges have delayed implementation ofseveral removal efforts, so prior year uncosted balances will continue to be used to support the removal, consolidation,and disposal of excess nuclear material from civilian sites worldwide.
•

Global Material Security (GMS)
The FY 2019 GMS program prevents terrorists and other actors from obtaining nuclear and radiological material to use
in an improvised nuclear device (IND) or a radiological dispersal device (RDD) by working with partner countries toimprove the security of vulnerable materials and facilities and to improve partners’ capacity to deter, detect, andinvestigate illicit trafficking of these materials. GMS works extensively with and through multilateral partners such as
the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and Interpol. As part of an ongoing strategic analysis process, GMS isalso exploring innovative approaches, technologies, and tools to adapt to emerging threats. GMS supports national
security priorities to reduce global nuclear security threats, and the program is a key component of DOE/NNSA’s
integrated nonproliferation, counterterrorism, and emergency response strategy. The decrease in funding relative to
FY 2017 reflects a commitment to reduce prior year carryover balances, permitting a lower FY 2019 Budget Request.

•

Nonproliferation and Arms Control (NPAC)
NPAC supports activities to prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction by state and non-state actors.
NPAC develops and implements programs and strategies to: strengthen international nuclear safeguards; control the
spread of nuclear and dual-use material, equipment, technology, and expertise; verify nuclear reductions andcompliance with nonproliferation and arms control treaties and agreements; and address enduring and emerging
nonproliferation and arms control challenges and opportunities. The increase of $5.0 million relative to FY 2017
includes $3.5 million to enhance training and deployment readiness of the U.S. Uranium and Plutonium Verification
Teams required to verify disablement, dismantlement, or other negotiated nonproliferation activities in foreign nuclear
facilities and $1.5 million to enhance export control dual-use license and interdiction reviews.

•

Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development (DNN R&D)
DNN R&D drives the innovation of unilateral and multi-lateral technical capabilities to detect nuclear detonations;foreign nuclear weapons programs’ activities; and the presence, movement, or diversion of special nuclear materials.
To meet national and departmental nuclear security requirements, DNN R&D leverages the unique facilities andscientific skills of the Department of Energy, academia, and industry to perform research, conduct technology
demonstrations, develop prototypes, and produce and deliver sensors for integration into operational systems. The FY
2019 Budget decrease of $13.7 million relative to FY 2017 includes: a $52.7 million decrease due to the transfer of thefunding for the US High Performance Research Reactor (USHPRR) program to the M3 Program; offset by a $21.6 million
increase to Proliferation Detection to support development and demonstration of advanced testbeds for early
detection of proliferation activities and in material security; and a $17.4 million increase to Nuclear Detonation
Detection for front-loading procurements to mitigate potential impacts of supply-chain interruptions and for sensor
integration costs in meeting schedule of deliveries of space-based sensors to the U.S. Air Force.

•

Nonproliferation Construction
Nonproliferation Construction consolidates construction costs for DNN projects. Construction covers Total Project
Costs (TPC), which include Other Project Costs (OPC) and Total Estimated Costs (TEC). The FY 2019 budget request is

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19

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

$279 million, a decrease of $56 million, 16.7% below the FY 2017 enacted level. The request proposes termination of
the Mixed Oxide Fuel Fabrication (MFFF) project and continue the transition to the dilute and dispose strategy to fulfill
the United States’ commitment to dispose of 34 metric tons of surplus U.S. weapon-grade plutonium. The request
includes $220 million to bring an orderly and safe closure of the MFFF project. In addition, $59 million is for the Surplus
Plutonium Disposition (SPD) project to support the dilute and dispose strategy. The request will support thecontinuation of preliminary design and the initiation of long lead procurements in FY 2019.
•

Nuclear Counterterrorism and Incident Response (NCTIR)
NCTIR executes the DOE/NNSA’s Comprehensive Emergency Management System program that administers
implementation and support of emergency management for all DOE/NNSA offices and sites, and manages the
DOE/NNSA Consolidated Emergency Operations Center, Emergency Communications Network, Emergency
Management Policy, Training, National Exercises Program, and Continuity Program activities. NCTIR also applies theunique technical expertise from the NNSA’s nuclear security enterprise to prepare for, prevent, mitigate, and respondto a nuclear or radiological incident domestically or abroad, providing technical advice to the Department of Defense;
the Federal Bureau of Investigation; other interagency and international partners; and state and local organizations in
support of nuclear counterproliferation, nuclear counterterrorism, nuclear incident response, and nuclear forensics.

Planned and Proposed Accomplishments
In FY 2019, NNSA plans to:• Continue to address the entire nuclear threat spectrum by preventing the acquisition of nuclear weapons or weaponsusable materials, countering efforts to acquire such weapons or materials, and responding to nuclear or radiologicalincidents.
• Identify and eliminate excess HEU and plutonium, including removing and/or disposing of 95 kilograms of material• Convert and/or verify the shutdown of three research reactors and isotope production facilities• Continue to pursue the dilute and dispose strategy to dispose of 34 metric tons of plutonium• Support nuclear security best practices exchanges and/or training courses with more than 20 countries in Europe, theMiddle East, Africa, Asia, and Latin America• Complete security upgrades at an additional 100 buildings with high-priority radioactive sources (55 domestic sites and
45 international sites)• Deploy mobile detection systems and equip priority border crossing points (mostly in Eastern Europe, Central Asia, andAfrica) with radiation detection systems, and provide associated training and maintenance support, to help counter the
threat of illicit trafficking of special nuclear material• Transfer financial responsibility for training and maintenance of radiation detection systems at 57 overseas locations• Provide critical mission support to the IAEA, including strengthening the international nuclear safeguards system andsupporting their expanding nuclear security activities• Facilitate legitimate U.S. trade by annually providing roughly 6,000 technical reviews of U.S. export license applications
and technical support and training to U.S. law enforcement to help prevent the exploitation of the U.S. industrial base
• Work with roughly 35 countries each year to build global export control capacity through training, technical exchanges,
and train-the-trainer approaches• Demonstrate new U.S. capabilities for detecting foreign material and weapons production processes• Demonstrate new capabilities for weapons and material security applications, including detecting special nuclear
material movement and diversion and nuclear safeguards• Sustain and improve U.S. capabilities in nuclear explosion monitoring, including delivering the nation’s space-based
nuclear detonation detection payloads and related activities that support treaty monitoring and military missions• Respond to and mitigate any emergent radiological and nuclear emergency domestically or abroad• Procure three fixed-wing aircraft to replace the existing Aerial Measuring System aircraft• Sustain a highly secure field deployable incident response communications network for critical real-time information
sharing between scientific experts, operational assets, and executive decision makers throughout the government insupport of new Presidential policy requirements• Recapitalize priority nuclear counterterrorism emergency response equipment including neutron multiplicity detectors,
specialized search equipment, and contamination monitoring systems• Complete a technical assessment of global stockpiles of nuclear materials of concern, in support of the International
Nuclear Security Strategy pillar, contained within the 2017 National Security Strategy

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification•

Maintain and strengthen the Department’s capabilities to plan for and manage incidents and emergencies at its
operating locations and contribute technical assistance capability to enhance Emergency Management and upgrade
the Emergency Communications Network (ECN) Suite to state of art capabilities

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21

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

NAVAL REACTORS – NNSA

National Nuclear Security Administration
Naval Reactors
Naval Reactors Operations and Infrastructure
Naval Reactors Development
S8G Prototype Refueling
Columbia -Class Reactor Systems Development (formerly Ohio
Replacement Reactor Systems Development)
Program Direction
Construction
Subtotal, Naval Reactors
Rescission of Prior Year Balances
Total, Naval Reactorsa

FY 2017
EnactedFY 2018
Annualized CR*($K)
FY 2019
Request449,682
440,338
124,000

446,628
437,348
123,158

525,764
514,951
250,000+76,082+74,613+126,000+16.9%+16.9%+101.6%

213,700
44,100148,300
1,420,120-328
1,419,792

212,249
43,801
147,292
1,410,476-21
1,410,455

138,000
48,709311,194
1,788,618
0
1,788,618-75,700+4,609+162,894+368,498+328+368,826-35.4%+10.5%+109.8%+25.9%+100.0%+26.0%FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
Naval Reactors’ (NR) activities directly contribute to meeting the DOE strategic goal for Nuclear Security and NR plays acritical leadership role in meeting the goal to design and maintain safe and effective integrated nuclear propulsion systems
for the U.S. Navy. The Naval Reactors program has responsibility for all naval nuclear propulsion work, from reactor planttechnology development and design, continuing through reactor plant operation and maintenance, and ending with reactor
plant disposal.
Program Highlights
Funding for the program supports continued safe and reliable operation of the Navy's nuclear-powered fleet (70submarines, 11 aircraft carriers, and 4 research, development, and training platforms), constituting over 45 percent of the
Navy's major vessels. The Program's development work consists of refining and improving existing technology to ensurethat the U.S. Navy's nuclear propulsion plants are increasingly efficient and effective and will be capable of meeting future
threats to national security.
In addition to supporting the existing nuclear fleet, Naval Reactors has three major DOE initiatives: the Columbia-Class
Reactor System Development, the Land-based S8G Prototype Refueling Overhaul, and the Spent Fuel Handling
Recapitalization Project.
Naval Reactors supports the President's national security strategy with the continued development of the reactor plantsystem for the Columbia-Class submarine and stewardship of naval nuclear infrastructure. Ensuring the continuity of a seabased strategic deterrent, the Budget Request provides for the research, design, and development of the reactor plantsystem for the Columbia-Class submarine, to include the development of a life-of-ship reactor core. The budget further
provides funding for the refueling and overhaul of the Land-based S8G Prototype reactor, a critical research anddevelopment asset for the long-term. Lastly, the Spent Fuel Handling Recapitalization Project will ensure the continued
capability to refuel and defuel aircraft carriers and submarines, which is critical to maintaining the nuclear fleet's
operational availability for national security missions.

aFunding does not reflect the transfer to the Office of Nuclear Energy for maintenance and operation of the Advanced Test
Reactor.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

•

Naval Reactors Operations and Infrastructure
The FY 2019 Request will support facility and systems maintenance and regulatory requirements across the Program’s
four DOE sites, environmental remediation, and necessary general plant projects and capital equipment to recapitalize
aging infrastructure and equipment.

•

Naval Reactors Development
The FY 2019 Request will support the Advanced Test Reactor at the Idaho National Laboratory, reactor core material
development, radioactive test and evaluation efforts, and the procurement of a high performance computer to support
reactor plant performance modeling efforts.

•

S8G Prototype Refueling
The increase over FY 2017 Enacted levels is consistent with the planned project profile and supports refueling overhaul
execution.

•

Columbia-Class Reactor Systems Development
The decrease from FY 2017 Enacted levels is consistent with the planned project profile and supports FY 2019 long leadtime component procurement.

•

Construction
The increase over FY 2017 Enacted levels is in accordance with NR’s program of record, as detailed in the Ten-Year
Facilities Plan and supports construction ramp-up for the Spent Fuel Handling Recapitalization Project.

•

Program Direction
The FY 2019 Request places Naval Reactors in a position to execute its mission and provide federal oversight of the
program’s DOE laboratories.

Budget in Brief

23

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

FEDERAL SALARIES AND EXPENSES – NNSA

National Nuclear Security Administration
NNSA Federal Salaries and Expenses
Federal Salaries and Expenses
Subtotal, NNSA Federal Salaries and Expenses
Rescission of Prior Year Balances
Total, NNSA Federal Salaries and Expenses

FY 2017
EnactedFY 2018
Annualized CR*

390,000
390,000-2,634387,366

387,352
387,352-2,634
384,718($K)
FY 2019
Request422,529422,5290422,529

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+32,529+32,529+2,634+35,163

+8.3%
+8.3%
+100.0%+9.1%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
NNSA's Federal Salaries and Expenses (FSE) pays for costs associated with recruiting, training, and retaining a federal staff
to perform program and project management and appropriate oversight of $13,000,000,000 in Weapons Activities andDefense Nuclear Nonproliferation funding across the nuclear security enterprise. FSE provides for the salaries and benefitsof 1,737 FTEs (1,715 paid from FSE, 22 paid from WCF), space and occupancy needs, travel costs, support service
contractors, training, and other related expenses. 74 percent of FSE funds are for employee salaries and benefits.
The NNSA workforce consists of a diverse cadre of engineers, project managers, scientists, foreign affairs specialists, andhighly technical support staff. The workforce is also comprised of mission support staff in information technology andcybersecurity, technical program management, corporate project management, procurement and contract management,
safety and health, cost estimating and program evaluation, financial management, human capital management, and legal
services. The Department of Energy and NNSA collaboratively work to identify ways to reduce overlap in mission support
functions to minimize funding required to achieve our mission.
NNSA is physically disbursed throughout the United States, reflecting NNSA’s work with the nuclear security enterprise. FSE
funds federal staff geographically located in Washington, DC; Germantown, Maryland; Albuquerque, New Mexico; and atseven federal field offices: Kansas City Field Office (Missouri); Lawrence Livermore Field Office (California); Los Alamos Field
Office (New Mexico); Nevada Field Office (Nevada); NNSA Production Office (Texas and Tennessee); Sandia Field Office(New Mexico); and Savannah River Field Office (South Carolina).
NNSA also manages the Department’s overseas presence, including placing DOE staff in foreign countries. NNSA supervises
both federal employees and locally employed staff, and reimburses the Department of State for International Cooperative
Administrative Support Services (ICASS) and Capital Security Cost Sharing (CSCS) charges. DOE funds its overseas presence
through the Working Capital Fund (WCF) for consistent administrative and operational support to Departmental personnel.
Program Highlights
The FY 2019 Budget Request pays for costs associated with recruiting, training, and retaining a federal staff to perform
program and project management and appropriate oversight of $13,000,000,000 in Weapons Activities and Defense
Nuclear Nonproliferation funding across the nuclear security enterprise. The $422,529,000 request reflects a $35,163,000(9.1 percent) increase above FY 2017 Enacted level, which included a one-time rescission of $2,634,000. The request
provides salaries, benefits, and other expenses for 1,737 federal FTEs (1,715 paid from FSE, 22 paid from WCF), includes a
5.5 percent increase for benefit escalation, provides additional funding to the Department’s Working Capital Fund, includes
headquarters security investigations costs per Congressional direction, and includes funding for headquarters facility
upgrades. These increases are partially offset by reductions in projected field security investigation requirements andCorporate Project Management, consistent with the plan to transition from contractor support to federal support.

Budget in Brief

24

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

NNSA projects a total FSE workforce of 1,690 FTEs by the end of FY 2018 and 1,737 FTEs by the end of FY 2019 (1,715 paid
from FSE, 22FTEs paid from Department’s WCF).
NNSA is continuing disciplined efforts to support a lean, accountable, efficient government; effectively and efficiently
deliver NNSA programs; and align the NNSA federal workforce to meet the needs of today and the future. As NNSA
continues the nuclear modernization efforts, a highly skilled federal workforce is required for appropriate oversightprincipally in LEPs, program management, and major project management. The FY 2019 FSE FTE level is 10 percent lower
than FY 2010 levels, while funding has increased 50 percent from FY 2010 Enacted levels to the FY 2019 request for
Weapons Activities and Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, primarily for the nuclear modernization program and supporting
infrastructure projects.
Working with U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) experts, NNSA is developing a Human Capital Management Plan
(HCMP) that institutionalizes a consistent staffing analysis and career development methodology to support NNSA
management responsibilities and prepare for an anticipated wave of retirements. Phase II was initiated in FY 2017. Results
are expected summer 2018. Succession planning is critical since 45 percent of the current federal FTEs are eligible to retireby 2023. The HCMP will focus on the level and mix of skills needed of the federal workforce at all levels at present and forthe future workforce. Specifically, strategic consideration of each business line and methods to gain efficiencies, eliminate
redundancies and unnecessary bureaucracy, and align resources to mission requirements is paramount to an achievable
HCMP. This includes a comprehensive recruiting and hiring plan that aligns the NNSA workforce with current and future
mission needs.
FY 2018 Planned and FY 2019 Projected Accomplishments
FSE’s planned FY 2018 and projected FY 2019 accomplishments include maintaining NNSA Federal Salaries and Expenses
Federal administrative costs as a percentage of total Weapons Activities and Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation program
costs at less than 5.9 percent; increase the quantity, quality, and effectiveness of the workforce to accomplish the growing
NNSA mission; and identify efficiencies in federal travel, support service contractors, and other administrative expenses.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND RENEWABLE ENERGYFY 2017
EnactedEnergy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Sustainable Transportation
Vehicle Technologies
306,959
Bioenergy Technologies
205,000
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies
101,000
Total, Sustainable Transportation
612,959
Renewable Energy
Solar Energy
207,600
Wind Energy
90,000
Water Power84,000
Geothermal Technologies
69,500Total, Renewable Energy
451,100
Energy Efficiency
Advanced Manufacturing
257,500
Federal Energy Management Program
27,000
Building Technologies
199,141
Weatherization and Intergovernmental Programs
Weatherization Assistance Program
225,000
Training and Technical Assistance
3,000State Energy Program
50,000Total, Weatherization and Intergovernmental Programs 278,000
Total, Energy Efficiency
761,641
Corporate Support
Facilities and Infrastructure
92,000Program Direction
153,500
Strategic Programs
19,000Total, Corporate Support
264,500
Subtotal, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
2,090,200
Rescission of Prior Year Balances-55,618
Total, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
2,034,582

FY 2018
Annualized CR*($K)
FY 2019
Request304,874
203,608
100,315
608,797

68,50037,00058,000163,500-238,459-168,000-43,000-449,459-77.7%-82.0%-42.6%-73.3%

206,190
89,38883,42969,028448,035

67,00033,00045,00030,000175,000-140,600-57,000-39,000-39,500-276,100-67.7%-63.3%-46.4%-56.8%-61.2%

255,751
26,817
197,789

75,00010,00057,000-182,500-17,000-142,141-70.9%-63.0%-71.4%

223,472
2,980
49,660276,112756,46900
0
0
142,000-225,000-3,000-50,000-278,000-619,641-100.0%-100.0%-100.0%-100.0%-81.4%

91,375
152,458
18,871
262,704
2,076,005-36,000
2,040,005

90,000125,1100215,110695,6100695,610-2,000-28,390-19,000-49,390-1,394,590+55,618-1,338,972-2.2%-18.5%-100.0%-18.7%-66.7%+100.0%-65.8%FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, thebudget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended).
The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) invests in research and development (R&D) as part of the
Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) broad portfolio approach to address our Nation’s energy and environmental challenges.
The Budget focuses DOE resources toward early-stage R&D, where the Federal role is strongest, and reflects an increased
reliance on the private sector to fund later-stage research, development, and commercialization of energy technologies. Itemphasizes energy technologies best positioned to enable American energy independence and domestic job-growth in thenear to mid-term. Some areas of focus include innovative approaches to electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell
infrastructure expansion as well as adaptable energy storage alternatives leading to greater grid resilience with the launchof a new “Beyond Batteries” initiative. This initiative considers energy storage holistically and will involves multiple EERE
program offices as well as the Grid Modernization Initiative.
The FY 2019 Budget provides $695.6 million to maintain America’s leadership in transformative science and emerging
energy technologies in sustainable transportation, renewable power, and energy efficiency. All EERE programs will focus
on research that industry either does not have the technical capability to undertake or is too far from market realization tomerit sufficient industry focus and critical mass. Knowledge generated by EERE early-stage R&D enables U.S. industries,
businesses, and entrepreneurs to develop and deploy innovative energy technologies and gives them the competitive edge
Budget in Brief
26
FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justificationneeded to excel in the rapidly changing global energy economy. Industry deployment of these technologies creates jobs,
reduces U.S. reliance on foreign resources, increases energy affordability, improves energy security, ensures environmental
responsibility and offers Americans a broader range of energy choices. The shift away from later-stage development anddeployment activities and the increased focus on early-stage R&D provides an opportunity to reorganize and move toward
a more efficient organizational structure. In keeping with the direction to generate efficiencies and reduce the cost of
government, and to align with reductions in technology program budgets, DOE will reduce EERE Full-Time Equivalents byapproximately 30 percent from the FY 2017 level. The specific reduction will be adjusted as needed, dependent on thetiming of appropriations, in order to fully account for associated severance payments. Remaining staff will ensure continuityof the essential oversight activities for EERE’s project portfolio and maintain proper stewardship of taxpayer dollars. In afurther effort to eliminate redundancies and increase efficiencies across the Department, during FY 2018, staff andassociated functions from the EERE Office of Strategic Programs will be centralized within DOE corporate offices, includingInternational Affairs and Public Affairs within Departmental Administration and the Office of Technology Transitions.
Program Highlights
Sustainable Transportation• Vehicle Technologies
FY 2019 funding supports early-stage R&D to generate knowledge upon which industry can develop and deploy
innovative energy technologies for more affordable, secure and reliable transportation of people and goods acrossAmerica. Vehicle Technologies will focus on research that industry either does not have the technical capability toundertake or is too far from market realization to merit sufficient industry focus and critical mass. Within Battery andElectrification Technologies, Advanced Battery R&D will explore new battery materials, high-power fast-charging
methods, innovative chemistries beyond lithium ion technology and advanced cell technologies. These topics have thepotential to reduce the cost of electric vehicle batteries by more than half, to less than $100/kWh (ultimate goal is$80/kWh), increase range to 300 miles, and decrease charge time to 15 minutes or less. Building upon recent work,
Energy Efficient Mobility Systems (EEMS) will continue to create new ideas and knowledge focused on pathways tosignificantly improve transportation system efficiency leading to greater energy productivity in moving people andgoods. EEMS research will include the application of new computational models and simulation capabilities to create
and test new theories that use vehicle connectivity and automation to improve energy efficiency including; vehicle
autonomy, big data tools, machine/deep-learning and artificial intelligence, as well as new scientific approaches that
improve mobility decision making and increase transportation choices at both the individual and system level. In
Advanced Engine and Fuel Technologies, research will continue to advance and improve our understanding of, andability to, increase combustion efficiency, generating knowledge and insight necessary for industry to develop the next
generation of engines and fuels capable of improving passenger vehicle fuel economy 35 percent by 2030 from a 2015baseline. In Materials Technology, research will focus on novel approaches to build lightweight, multi-material
structures, and on creating new materials that can meet the extreme temperatures and pressures (e.g., highcompression engines) that the next generation of vehicle engines will require.
•

Bioenergy Technologies
FY 2019 funding supports early-stage R&D that bolsters the body of scientific and engineering knowledge enablingindustry to develop and deploy high-performing drop-in biofuels at $3 per gallon gasoline equivalent, which includes
high-value co-production of renewable chemicals and materials. Domestically-produced renewable biomass, and its
subsequent conversion to bioenergy and bioproducts, offers a tremendous opportunity to create American jobs acrossthe supply chain, boost economic growth, and encourage investment across the Nation. The program’s early-stage,
laboratory-based R&D emphasizes advanced technologies to produce renewable gasoline, diesel, and jet fuels fromnon-food sources. Consortium-supported research focus areas include: (1) detailed understanding and optimization of
the physics and chemistry of each feedstock and preprocessing steps necessary for high conversion rates; (2)identification and molecular characterization of high performing algal strains; and (3) development of engineeredorganisms and novel catalysts. In collaboration with the Advanced Engine and Fuel Technologies sub-program,
Bioenergy will explore the co-optimization of fuels and engines enabling the development of bio-based fuels/additives
that have the potential for a 35 percent fuel economy gain (25 percent from advanced engine research and 10 percent
from co-optimization with biofuels) by 2030 compared to 2015 gasoline vehicles.

•

Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies
FY 2019 funding supports early-stage R&D to investigate novel hydrogen and fuel cell technologies that could enable
American energy independence, resilience, and domestic job growth through industry development and deployment.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

To be cost competitive with vehicles powered by gasoline and an internal combustion engine on a cents-per-mile
driven basis, the cost of hydrogen delivered from domestic resources needs to be less than $4/gge (untaxed), and thecost of a durable fuel cell system needs to be less than $40/kW. In FY 2019, research will emphasize the acceleration ofmaterials breakthroughs by National Laboratory consortia that bring together world-class capabilities from multiple
laboratories, while leveraging the results of ongoing projects with university and industry partners using prior year
funding. Key areas of research include: platinum-free catalysts; high performance durable membranes and electrodes;
materials for hydrogen production, storage, and transmission; and understanding the infrastructure necessary toaccomplish H2@Scale ― a vision of cost-competitive, domestically sourced and produced hydrogen used acrossmultiple sectors.
Renewable Power• Solar Energy
FY 2019 funding supports the DOE’s goal of making solar power one of the least expensive forms of electricity byenabling cost reductions toward the 2030 target of $0.03/kWh for utility-scale solar power without subsidies. Funding
will support early-stage R&D at the National Laboratories, in partnership with academia and industry, with a focus on
increasing the reliability and decreasing the cost of next-generation photovoltaics and concentrating solar power
technologies. In addition, the program will advance the state of knowledge necessary for industry to develop morereliable, on-demand solar technologies that can be more effectively integrated into the electric grid. Key areas ofresearch include: grid reliability, PV efficiency, energy yield and storage, material durability, power electronics,
microgrid integration, and next generation concentrating solar power. Funding will also support analytics and modelingof power system integrity and potential cybersecurity issues related to integrating increasing amounts of solar poweron the electric grid. National Laboratory research also supports the development of experimental test and evaluation
standards. The program will also perform some research at universities in coordination with the Office of Science andthe National Science Foundation.
•

Wind Energy
FY 2019 funding emphasizes fundamental, early-stage R&D, and related testing that builds the knowledge base uponwhich industry can develop and deploy novel technologies. FY 2019 activities will focus on applying high power
computing to analyze wind technology subsystem challenges and investigate fundamental systems-level interactions
influenced by atmospheric conditions, variable terrain, and machine-to-machine wake interactions. Continuing R&D
will focus on the scientific challenges associated with the design and manufacturing of low-specific power rotors for tallwind applications, aimed at enabling industry improvement of wind plant capacity factors by as much as 10 percent,and mitigating challenges associated with aerodynamic and gravitational loading. Funding will continue to advancecollaboration with Department of Defense, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Homeland Security, andother agencies to complete a suite of wind-turbine radar-interference mitigation algorithms for long-range andterminal radar systems. R&D will explore long-term issues related to reliably integrating increasing amounts of wind
power on the electric grid. R&D will also address wind issues related to grid integration, specifically, secure and reliablehybrid system concepts, new energy storage technologies and control strategies, as well as technologies to reduce
environmental and community impacts necessary to achieve cost reductions, wind plant optimization, and reduction ofregulatory burdens.

•

Water PowerFY 2019 funding supports early-stage R&D exploring novel concepts and approaches to capturing hydropower andmarine hydrokinetic energy resources that increase the affordability of water power technologies and improve grid
resiliency and reliability while reducing regulatory burdens. Hydropower activities will advance new approaches,models and tools for hydropower systems design, and innovative components enabling industry to develop and deploy
standardized, modular hydropower systems across a range of geologic, hydrologic and power storage scenarios, withparticular emphasis on improved load-following abilities including pumped storage hydropower and related gridinteraction. Outputs from computationally intensive R&D efforts will also enable industry to incorporate biologicalmodeling in turbine design, as well as model approaches to increase hydropower’s ability to operate flexibly andrespond to the requirements of the grid. Marine hydrokinetic research activities will focus on improving understandingof hydrodynamic loads and power conversion optimization; identifying and developing innovative materials for wave,
tidal, and open water conditions; and leveraging the analytical capabilities of the National Laboratories to evaluate
device and array controls, performance and reliability across operational and extreme conditions.

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28

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification•

Geothermal Technologies
FY 2019 funding supports Geothermal Technologies’ Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) collaborative effort, bringing
together National Laboratory-led teams, academia, and industry to conduct early-stage R&D that explores thefundamental relationships between seismicity, stress state, and permeability to validate and verify models, providing
feedback to inform the next stage of EGS research, while continuing development of the Frontier Observatory for
Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE). The program continues three National Laboratory projects targeting
innovative, early-stage research on approaches to geothermal exploration through microhole drilling applications, selfhealing cements, and subsurface imaging, all of which present such a significant degree of scientific uncertainty thatindustry is unlikely to invest significant resources. The Budget Request also supports early-stage subsurface and storage
R&D including thermal reservoir management, fluid production, wellbore integrity, waterless fracturing and stimulation
fluids, and investigating alternative hydraulic fracturing methods to reduce, or eliminate, the use of water. Combined
efforts will strengthen the body of knowledge necessary to enable industry to achieve a cost target of $0.06/kWh by2030 from newly developed geothermal systems, and support enhanced grid reliability and resiliency through analyses
focused on improving the ability for geothermal power to be operated flexibly and provide essential grid reliability
services.

Energy Efficiency• Advanced Manufacturing
FY 2019 funding supports early-stage applied R&D focused on advancing and creating new understanding ofunderlying technologies, materials, and processes relevant to the productive use of energy in manufacturing, as
well as the competitive manufacturing of energy related products, with additional emphasis on alternative
approaches to energy storage and the intersection between manufacturing and the energy grid. The Budget for
Advanced Manufacturing reasserts the proper role of the Federal Government by reflecting an increased relianceon the private sector to fund later-stage research, development, and commercialization of energy technologies andfocusing funding toward early-stage R&D. By fostering collaboration between National Laboratories, universities
and companies (for-profit and not-for-profit), this Budget Request will enhance the foundational knowledge basein materials and manufacturing processes, focusing on research challenges that present a significant degree ofscientific or technical uncertainty and are beyond the horizon in terms of commercialization, making it unlikely thatindustry will pursue independently.
•

Federal Energy Management Program
FY 2019 funding supports Federal Energy Management Program’s core activities of catalyzing and assisting Federal
agencies to both meet energy-related goals and provide Federal energy leadership to the country, increasing Federal
energy security, reliability, and resilience. FY 2019 funds will support continued assistance on energy projects andenergy savings through the provision of technical assistance, energy-related contracting tools and skills training.

•

Building Technologies
FY 2019 funding supports early-stage R&D of innovative building energy technologies such as lighting, spaceconditioning and refrigeration, windows and envelope and their effective integration into smart, efficient, resilient,grid-connected, and secure building systems. Particular focus will be placed building system interaction with the grid interms of load management and alternative energy storage technologies. The goal of the program is to overcome thehigh degree of fragmentation across the heterogeneous buildings industry, spanning construction to appliance andequipment manufacturing. Building Technologies’ research also focuses on developing the physics-based algorithms for
improved energy modeling and system controls required to better predict and manage energy efficient
appliance/equipment, system, and whole-building energy usage. Additionally, Building Technologies’ early stage R&D
on cyber secure advanced sensors and controls will help strengthen the body of knowledge to enable industry todevelop and deploy truly “smart” buildings capable of connecting with the power grid securely, in new and increasingly
adaptive manners, to help with overall electric system efficiency, resilience and bringing down energy prices across thegrid. Finally, it supports DOE working with industry and stakeholders to meet requirements for statutorily-mandated
efficiency standards and building energy codes determinations.

•

Weatherization and Intergovernmental Programs
No funding is requested in FY 2019 for both the Weatherization Assistance Program and the State Energy Program due
to a departmental shift in focus away from deployment activities and towards early-stage R&D. Activities in FY 2019 will
focus on completing work activities associated with existing financial and technical assistance awards and initiatives

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29

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

with states and local governments and stakeholder organizations, closing out awards and agreements as they come tothe end of their periods of performance, and providing resources and institutional knowledge to state and local entities
as practicable.

Budget in Brief30

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

ELECTRICITY DELIVERYFY 2017
Enacteda

FY 2018
Annualized CRab($K)
FY 2019
RequestElectricity Delivery

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$

Transmission Reliability and Resilience (formerly Clean Energy
Transmission and Reliability )cResilient Distribution Systems (formerly Smart Grid Research andDevelopment )Energy Storage
Transformer Resilience and Advanced Components
Transmission Permitting and Technical Assistance (formerly
National Electricity Delivery )Program Direction - Office of Electricity Delivery
Subtotal, Electricity Delivery
Rescission of Prior Year Balances
Total, Electricity Delivery

36,00035,756

13,000-23,000-63.9%

50,00031,0006,000

49,66030,790
5,959

10,0008,000
5,000-40,000-23,000-1,000-80.0%-74.2%-16.7%

7,500
20,300150,800-415
150,385

7,449
20,162
149,776-413
149,363

6,000
19,309 b
61,309061,309-1,500-991-89,491+415-89,076-20.0%-4.9%-59.3%+100.0%-59.2%a

The FY 2019 Budget Request to Congress proposes to split the Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability appropriation into
two appropriations: Electricity Delivery (OE) and Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response (CESER). To allow
an apples-to-apples comparison with the FY 2019 request, the amounts for FY 2017 and FY 2018 exclude amounts for the
Cybersecurity for Energy Delivery Systems and Infrastructure Security and Energy Restoration programs, and a portion of
Program Direction funding, equivalent to what would have been in CESER, had the proposed structure been in place in
FY 2017 and FY 2018.

b

Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.

cTransmission Reliability and Resilience was titled Transmission Reliability in the FY 2018 Request to Congress.

Appropriation Overview
Electricity Delivery (OE) leads the Department’s efforts to strengthen, transform, and improve energy infrastructure so that
consumers have access to reliable, secure, and clean sources of energy. OE provides solutions to market, institutional andoperational failures that go beyond any one utility’s ability to solve. To accomplish this critical mission, OE works withprivate industry and Federal, State, local, and tribal governments on a variety of initiatives to modernize the electric grid.
Grid modernization is critical to achieving public policy objectives, sustaining economic growth, supporting environmental
stewardship, and mitigating risks to secure the Nation. The goal for the future grid is to deliver reliable, affordable, andclean electricity to consumers where, when, and how they want it.
OE programs work in an integrated manner in partnership with industry and other stakeholders as well as other DOE offices,to enhance key characteristics of the U.S. electric transmission and distribution systems:• Reliability—consistent and dependable delivery of high quality power• Flexibility—the ability to accommodate changing supply and demand patterns and new technologies• Efficiency—low losses in electricity delivery and more optimal use of system assets• Resilience—the ability to withstand and quickly recover from disruptions and maintain critical function• Affordability—more optimal deployment of assets to meet system needs and minimize costs• Security—the ability to protect system assets and critical functions from unauthorized and undesirable actors
Within the appropriation, OE funds:• Research and Development (R&D)—pursuing early-stage research for technologies to improve grid reliability, efficiency,
flexibility, and functionality

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31

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification•Modeling and Analytics—developing core analytic, assessment, and engineering capabilities that can evolve as thetechnology and policy needs mature to support decision making within the Department and for stakeholders; analyses
explore complex interdependencies among infrastructure systems, such as between electricity and natural gas systems•

Institutional Support and Technical Assistance—building capacity in the industry and convening stakeholders tocoordinate efforts to transform the electric grid; providing technical assistance to states and regions to improve policies,
utility incentives, state laws, and programs that facilitate the modernization of the electric infrastructure•

Coordination of Federal Transmission Permits—streamlining permits, special use authorizations, and other approvals
required under Federal law to site electric transmission facilities

Program Highlights
The FY 2019 Budget Request to Congress proposes to split the Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability appropriation into
two appropriations: OE and Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response (CESER). The CESER highlights areprovided separately.
• OE includes the Transmission Reliability and Resilience, Resilient Distribution Systems, Energy Storage, Transformer
Resilience and Advanced Components, and Transmission Permitting and Technical Assistance programs.
•

Program direction funding is allocated between the two appropriations, with administrative, senior management,
budget, procurement, contractual management and human capital support activities funded within OE under a service
center approach that will support both appropriations.

The request continues OE’s R&D focus on cutting-edge early-stage R&D.
•

Transmission Reliability and Resilience is focused on ensuring the reliability and resiliency of the U.S. electric gridthrough early-stage and foundational R&D on measurement and control of the electricity system and risk assessment toaddress challenges across integrated energy systems. The request supports development of new modeling-based
capability for monitoring the long-term resiliency of our grid and identifying opportunities to improve resiliency andmitigate risks associated with the energy systems interdependencies.

•

Resilient Distribution Systems focuses on the development of innovative technologies, tools, and techniques tomodernize the distribution portion of the electric delivery system. Results from the research in Advanced Distribution
Management Systems (ADMS), microgrids, and Dynamic Controls and Communications (DC&C) will enable industry tostrengthen the resilience of electrical infrastructure against adverse effects of future extreme weather phenomena andother unforeseen natural and man-made occurrences.

•

Energy Storage focuses on accelerating the development of new materials and device technologies that can lead tosignificant improvements in the cost and performance of utility-scale energy storage systems and accelerate theadoption of energy storage systems into the grid infrastructure. The request supports materials research on the next
generation of battery chemistries, development of new materials and new device technologies for efficient power
conversion, development of optimal design and control architectures for energy storage integration into the grid
infrastructure, and development of open source models and software tools for system level energy storage planningand evaluation.

•

Transformer Resilience and Advanced Components supports modernization, hardening, and resilience of the grid byaddressing the unique challenges facing transformers and other critical grid components that are responsible forcarrying and controlling electricity from where it is generated to where it is needed. TRAC will continue research tosupport innovative concepts and designs for solid-state power substations, including advanced materials and systemarchitectures. Research to improve asset monitoring capabilities and equipment performance under stress will enhance
the portfolio of solutions available to industry to increase grid security, reliability, and resilience.

•

Transmission Permitting and Technical Assistance fosters and enables the development of reliable, affordable, andresilient electricity infrastructure. TPTA provides electricity policy technical expertise to state, regional, and tribal
entities on all facets of the electric system, including generation, transmission, storage, distribution, or demand-side

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32

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justificationelectricity resources. TPTA also implements a number of legal authorities, such as coordination of transmission
permitting by Federal agencies, periodic transmission congestion studies, permitting of cross-border transmission lines,
authorization of electricity exports, and supporting actions by the Secretary of Energy during electricity emergencies.
TPTA will pursue topics flagged as meriting further research in the Staff Report to the Secretary on Electricity Markets
and Reliability, such as valuation of essential reliability services, gauging the economic health and efficiency of the bulk
power system, and obstacles to timely and needed infrastructure development for resilience and protecting defense
critical electric infrastructure.

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33

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

POWER MARKETING ADMINISTRATIONSFY 2017
EnactedFY 2018
Annualized CR*($K)
FY 2019
RequestFY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted$%

79,684-79,684
0-5,245+5,245
0

-6.2%
+6.2%
N/A

83,984-73,002
10,982

160,696-150,296
10,400+19,798-20,455-657+14.1%-15.8%-5.9%

947,270-852,528
94,742755,320-661,227
94,093

915,533-826,161
89,372-31,737+26,367-5,370

-3.4%
+3.1%
-0

Falcon and Amistad O&M Fund
Operation and MaintenanceLess Alternative Financing/Offsetting Collections
Total, Falcon and Amistad O&M Fund

4,393
-4,161
232

4,363-4,133
230

5,329-5,101
228

+936
-940
-4

+21.3%-22.6%-1.7%

Colorado River Basins Power Marketing Fund
Spending Authority from Offsetting Collections
Offsetting Collections
Total, Colorado River Basins Power Marketing Fund
Total, Western Area Power Administration
Total, Power Marketing Administrations

213,530-236,530-23,000
71,974
83,031

212,080-234,924-22,844
71,47982,461

220,337-243,337-23,000
66,60077,000+6,807-6,8070-5,374-6,031

+3.2%
-2.9%
0
-7.5%
-7.3%

Power Marketing Administrations
Southeastern Power Administration
Southeastern Power Administration
Less Alternative Financing/Offsetting Collections
Total, Southeastern Power Administration

84,929-84,929084,352-84,3520Southwestern Power Administration
Southwestern Power Administration
Less Alternative Financing/Offsetting Collections
Total, Southwestern Power Administration

140,898-129,841
11,057

Western Area Power Administration
Western Area Power Administration (CROM)
Western Area Power Administration (CROM)
Less Alternative Financing/Offsetting Collections (CROM)
Total, Western Area Power Administration (CROM)*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, thebudget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended).
The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriations Overview
The four Power Marketing Administrations (PMAs) sell electricity primarily generated by federally owned hydropower
projects. Preference in the sale of power is given to public entities and electric cooperatives. Revenues from the sale ofFederal power and transmission services are used to repay all related power costs.
The President’s budget request includes a proposal to authorize the Federal government to sell the transmission assets ofSouthwestern Power Administration, Western Area Power Administration, and Bonneville Power Administration. The budget
also includes a legislative proposal for all four of the PMAs to change their statutory rate structure requirements from cost
recovery to a market based structure that takes into consideration rates charged by comparable utilities and which could allow
for faster recoupment of the tax payer investment.
Program Highlights• Southeastern Power Administration
Southeastern markets and delivers all available Federal hydroelectric power from 22 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers(Corps) multipurpose projects to preference customers in an eleven-state area in the southeastern United States.
Southeastern does not own or operate any transmission facilities, and contracts with regional utilities that own electric

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34

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

transmission systems to deliver the Federal hydropower to Southeastern’s customers. Southeastern’s use of receipts
and alternative financing offsets its appropriations resulting in a net-zero balance for the program.
•Southwestern Power Administration
Southwestern markets and delivers Federal hydroelectric power from 24 Corps multipurpose projects to preference
customers in a six-state area and participates with other water resource users in an effort to balance diverse interests
with power needs. To deliver power to its customers, Southwestern maintains 1,380 miles of high-voltage transmission
lines, 26 substations/switchyards, and 51 microwave and VHF radio sites.

•

Western Area Power Administration
Western Area Power Administration (WAPA) markets and transmits Federal power to a 1.3-million-square-mile service
area in 15 central and western states from 56 Federally-owned hydroelectric power plants operated by the Bureau of
Reclamation (the Bureau), the Army Corps of Engineers (the Corps), and the International Boundary and Water
Commission. It also markets a portion of the power from the Navajo Generating Station coal-fired plant near Page,
Arizona. WAPA’s construction program, conducted in close coordination with preference customers, continues toemphasize replacement, upgrade, and modernization of the electric system infrastructure to bring continued reliability,
improved connectivity, and increase flexibility and capability to the power grid. Through extensive partnering efforts,
WAPA has obtained significant stakeholder and customer participation in financing much of the construction program.
Through transparency WAPA demonstrates the value of its efficient operations that preference customers enjoy.
WAPA will continue to make significant efforts to be open, transparent and inclusive of customers and stakeholders in
its operational choices and capital planning efforts. WAPA is strengthening its Asset and Risk Management to further
ensure capital investments are sufficient and wisely deployed for our Nation and for our customers.
The President’s budget request includes a proposal to repeal the borrowing authority managed by WAPA's
Transmission Infrastructure Program (TIP). Separate from the CROM construction program, TIP offers development
assistance and debt financing options to deliver or facilitate the delivery of renewable energy resources.

•

Bonneville Power Administration
Bonneville operates under a business-type budget under the Government Corporation Control Act, 31 U.S.C 9101-10
and on the basis of the self-financing authority provided by the Federal Columbia River Transmission System Act of1974 (Transmission Act) (Public Law 93-454).
Bonneville is responsible for meeting the net firm power requirements of its requesting customers through a variety ofmeans, including energy conservation programs, acquisition of renewable and other resources, and power exchanges
with utilities both in and outside the region.
Bonneville provides electric power, transmission, and energy services to a 300,000-square-mile service area in eightstates in the Pacific Northwest. Bonneville wholesales the power produced at 31 Federal projects operated by theCorps and the Bureau and from certain non-Federal generating facilities. From these revenues, Bonneville funds theexpense portion of its budget and the power operations and maintenance costs of the Bureau and the Corps in theFederal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS). The capital portion of the budget is funded mostly through borrowing
from the U.S. Treasury at market rates for similar projects and with some non-Federal financing.
Bonneville is self-financed and receives no direct annual appropriations from Congress. In FY 2019, estimated totalrequirements of all Bonneville programs of $4,417 million include estimated budget obligations of $4,009 andestimated capital transfers of $409 million. Estimated obligations include operating expenses of $3,141 million, capital
investments of $827 million, and $41 million in projects funded in advance. These investments provide electric utility
and general plant requirements associated with the FCRPS’s transmission services, capital equipment, hydroelectric
projects, conservation, and capital investments to mitigate impacts on the environment, fish, and wildlife.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

CYBERSECURITY, ENERGY SECURITY, AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE (CESER)FY 2017
EnactedFY 2018
Annualized CR*($K)
FY 2019
Request

9,000
62,0008,200
79,2008,939
61,5798,144
78,66218,00070,0007,800
95,800Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response (CESER)
Infrastructure Security and Energy Restoration
Cybersecurity for Energy Delivery Systems (CEDS)
Program Direction - Office of CESER
Total, Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+9,000+8,000-400+16,600+100.0%+12.9%-4.9%+21.0%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response (CESER) leads the Department’s efforts to secure U.S. energy
infrastructure against all hazards, reduce the risks of and impacts from cyber events and other disruptive events, and assist
with restoration activities. CESER is a proposed new office in FY 2019, established by transferring the Cybersecurity for
Energy Delivery Systems (CEDS) and Infrastructure Security and Energy Restoration (ISER) programs, along with a portion ofprogram direction funding, from the Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability appropriation. Remaining programs from
Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, which is renamed to the Office of Electricity Delivery (OE), remain there.
Due to the critical role the electric grid plays across Federal, state, and local jurisdictions, CESER programs work in an
integrated manner in partnership with industry and other stakeholders as well as other DOE offices, to enable industry toenhance the resilience (the ability to withstand and quickly recover from disruptions and maintain critical function) andsecurity (the ability to protect system assets and critical functions from unauthorized and undesirable actors) of the U.S.
energy infrastructure. A reliable and resilient power grid is critical to U.S. economic competiveness and leadership.
Within the appropriation, CESER funds:• Research and Development (R&D) to deliver game-changing tools and technologies that help utilities secure today’s
energy infrastructure from advanced cyber threats and design next-generation future systems that are built from thestart to automatically detect, reject, and withstand cyber incidents, regardless of the threat.
•

Cybersecurity Tools and Development to strengthen the energy sector’s cybersecurity posture through public andprivate sector partnerships that leverage DOE-supported tools, guidelines, outreach, training, and technical assistance.

•

Emergency Preparedness and Response to pursue enhancements to the reliability, survivability, and resiliency of energy
infrastructure, and facilitating faster recovery from disruptions to energy supply.

Program Highlights
The FY 2019 Budget Request to Congress proposes to split the Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability appropriation into
two appropriations: CESER and OE. The OE highlights are provided separately.
• CESER includes the CEDS and ISER programs.
•

Program direction funding is allocated between the two appropriations, with administrative, senior management,
budget, procurement, contractual management and human capital support activities funded within OE under a service
center approach that will support both appropriations.

•

Cybersecurity for Energy Delivery Systems seeks to reduce the risk of energy disruptions due to cyber events. The
request reflects the critical need to accelerate and expand efforts to strengthen the energy infrastructure against cyberthreats and mitigate vulnerabilities, focusing on enhancing the speed and effectiveness of cyber threat and vulnerability
sharing, establishing a national cyber supply chain assessment capability in partnership with industry, and acceleratinggame-changing R&D.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

•

Infrastructure Security and Energy Restoration coordinates a national effort to secure U.S. energy infrastructure
against all hazards, reduce impacts from disruptive events, and assist with restoration activities. The request supports
on-going efforts and maintains capability to respond to energy sector emergencies through a regionalized volunteer
delivery model and improves the Federal national energy infrastructure situational awareness and visualization
capability provided by EAGLE-I. ISER will expand its efforts with state, local, tribal, and territorial (SLTT) partners toensure their energy assurance plans integrate cyber information sharing mechanisms and are aligned with energy
sector industry efforts. ISER will also establish an energy-sector-specific cyber incident response and hunt capability
specializing in the intersection of cyber threats and energy sector industrial control systems.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

PETROLEUM ACCOUNTSFY 2017
EnactedFY 2018
Annualized CR*($K)
FY 2019
RequestFY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$

Fossil Energy Petroleum Accounts
Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves
Production Operations**
Management
Total, Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves

9,685
2,320
12,0050014,8488,000
2,000
10,000-1,685-320-2,005-17.4%-13.8%-16.7%

Strategic Petroleum Reserve
Facilities Development and Operations
Management for SPR Operations
Total, Strategic Petroleum Reserve

195,345
27,260222,60500221,485

149,131
25,974
175,105-46,214-1,286-47,500-23.7%-4.7%-21.3%

Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve
Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve**
Total, Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve

6,497
6,497

0
6,456

10,00010,000+3,503+3,503+53.9%+53.9%

00241,10700242,78900
195,10500-46,002

N/A
N/A-19.1%

0

350,000

300,000+300,000

N/A

SPR Petroleum Account
SPR Petroleum Account**
Total, SPR Petroleum Accounts
Total, Fossil Energy Petroleum Accounts
Energy Security and Infrastructure Modernization Fund

*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
**New FY 2019 budget authority will be supplemented with the use of prior year balances.
Appropriation Overview
Fossil Energy Petroleum Accounts consists of three energy security programs, one SPR modernization program, and postsale remediation activities at Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 1 and 3. The Strategic Petroleum Reserve storage sites arelocated at four government-owned Gulf Coast locations with oversight from the Project Management office in Harahan,Louisiana, along with Headquarters personnel in Washington, D.C. Both the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve(NEHHOR) and the Northeast Gasoline Supply Reserve (NGSR) consist of Government-owned refined petroleum products
stored in leased commercial storage in terminals in the Northeast. Legacy environmental clean-up/remediation continues
at the previously-sold Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 1 (Elk Hills, California), and landfill remediation and closure continues aspart of post-sale activities at Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 3 (Casper, Wyoming).
Program Highlights• Strategic Petroleum Reserve
The Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) provides strategic and economic security against foreign and domestic
disruptions in oil supplies via an emergency stockpile of crude oil. The program fulfills United States' obligations underthe International Energy Program, which avails the United States of International Energy Agency assistance through its
coordinated energy emergency response plans, and provides a deterrent against energy supply disruptions. The FY
2019 Budget will support the SPR's operational readiness and drawdown capabilities of 4.13MB/d. The program willcomplete the degasification of crude oil inventory at the West Hackberry site and conduct cavern wellbore activities toensure the availability of the SPR’s crude oil inventory.
•

SPR Petroleum Account
The SPR Petroleum Account funds SPR petroleum acquisition, transportation, and drawdown activities, as well as theNortheast Gasoline Supply Reserve (NGSR). Consistent with the FY 2018 Budget request, the Administration is

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38

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

proposing to disestablish the NGSR in this FY 2019 budget request. The NGSR has not been utilized since its
establishment, and is not considered to be cost efficient or operationally effective.
In addition, the Program requests that language authorizing the sale of one million barrels of SPR crude oil be includedin the General Provisions. Proceeds from the requested sale will fund the costs of drawdown operations, including
drawdown costs associated with mandatory oil sales. The current drawdown cost estimate for FY 2019 isapproximately $10 million. Balances from the sale of up to 1 million barrels in excess of FY 2019 drawdown costs will
be apportioned and allotted to future fiscal years.
•

Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves
Following the 1998 sale of the government's interests in NPR-1 (Elk Hills, CA), environmental cleanup/remediation
activities under the Corrective Action Consent Agreement with the State of California Department of Toxic Substances
Control (DTSC) began. Of the 131 Areas of Concern (AOCs) for which DOE is responsible for environmental cleanup, as
of September 30, 2017, 68 AOCs have received certification of No Further Action (NFA) from California’s DTSC, 23 AOCs
are under DTSC review for NFA certification, and 40 AOCs have undergone an initial field work investigation that
require remediation activities and/or the need for additional field work to be performed.

•

Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve
The Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve (NEHHOR) FY 2019 Budget continues to maintain a 1 million barrel inventoryof government-owned ultra-low sulfur distillate (ULSD), which is stored in three Northeast commercial storage
terminals, as a short-term supplement to the Northeast systems’ commercial supply of heating oil for deployment in
the event of an emergency supply disruption. Commercial storage contracts went into effect on April 1, 2016, with thefinal option year extending through March 31, 2020. The Program will continue to focus its oversight and managementon product quality analysis of the Reserve, as well as information technology support for the sales system.

•

Energy Security and Infrastructure Modernization Fund (ESIM)The Energy Security and Infrastructure Modernization Fund was established in Section 404 of the Bipartisan Budget Act
of 2015 to finance modernization of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR). One billion dollars in crude oil sales will
support Life Extension investments needed to ensure the SPR can maintain its operational readiness capability, meet its
mission requirements, and operate in an environmentally responsible manner. The Marine Terminal Distribution
Capability Enhancements project is currently being re-evaluated pending development of finalized policy guidance
within the Administration. The FY 2019 Budget increment continues the four-year (FY 2017 – FY 2020) financing
structure of multi-year oil sales that support an effective modernization program for the SPR.

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39

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

FOSSIL ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (FER&D)
FY 2017
EnactedFossil Energy Research and Development
Advanced Coal Energy Systems & CCUS
Advanced Energy Systems
Cross-cutting Research
Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage
STEP (Supercritical CO2)
Transformational Coal Pilots
NETL Coal Research and Development
Subtotal, Advanced Coal Energy Systems & CCUS
Natural Gas Technologies
Unconventional Fossil Energy Technologies from
Program Direction
Special Recruitment Programs
NETL Infrastructure
NETL Research and Operations
Subtotal Fossil Energy Research and Development
Use of Prior Year Balances
Rescission of Prior Year Balances
Total, Fossil Energy Research and Development

116,650
48,850196,300
24,00050,00038,000473,800
43,00021,00060,000700
40,50043,000682,000-14,000-246,846
421,154

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

0
0
0
0
0
0
470,581
42,70820,85759,593695
40,22642,708677,368-14,000-238,370
424,998($K)
FY 2019
Request175,000
53,30040,00025000
050,000343,300
5,500
14,00061,070200
38,00040,000502,07000502,070

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+58,350+4,450-156,300+1,000-50,000+12,000-130,500-37,500-7,000+1,070+50.0%+9.1%-79.6%+4.2%-100.0%+31.6%-27.5%-87.2%-33.3%+1.8%-500-2,500-3,000-179,930+14,000+246,846+80,916-71.4%-6.2%-7.0%-26.4%+100.0%+100.0%+19.2%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, thebudget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended).
The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The Fossil Energy Research and Development (FER&D) program conducts research that supports the clean, affordable and efficientuse of domestic fossil energy resources. The program funds early-stage R&D with academia, National Laboratories, and the private
sector to generate knowledge that industry can use to develop new products and processes. Funding is also provided to support
competitive awards with industry, National Laboratories and academia focused on innovative early-stage R&D to improve thereliability, availability, efficiency, and environmental performance of advanced fossil-based power systems. Program activities,
including National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) R&D, support early-stage R&D focused on: 1) novel fossil-fueled powersystems and components that improve the reliability and efficiency of new and existing units; 2) advanced materials andcomputational systems; 3) utilization of coal and CO 2 for the production of critical materials and products; 4) transformational CO 2
capture technologies applicable to both new and existing fossil-fueled facilities; and 5) CO 2 storage, with emphasis on storage indepleted oil and gas fields; offshore geologic reservoirs; and addressing injection challenges across all reservoir types. The program
will also conduct early-stage research to generate new understanding of shale geology and fracture dynamics to enable industry tofurther develop unconventional oil and natural gas resources. In addition, FER&D will conduct work focused on characterizing gas
hydrates and will explore new concepts for novel technologies that could improve the reliability and operational efficiency ofnatural gas transmission, distribution, and storage facilities.
The FY 2019 Budget proposes a restructure of the Advanced Energy Systems (AES), Crosscutting Research, and Carbon Captureand Storage programs within the FER&D Program. This restructure improves the alignment of the budget structure to the research
focus areas, repositioning the Department to more effectively enable industry to commercialize and deploy advanced technologies
necessary to support a secure and reliable power grid. FER&D will support early-stage research in materials, sensors, and processes
to expand the knowledge base upon which industry can improve the efficiency, flexibility, and resilience of the existing fleet of coal
fired power plants. The restructure also focuses funding on early-stage research that enables the next generation of high efficiency
and low emission coal fired power plants that can directly compete with other sources of electricity in the market and provide low
cost reliable power 24/7.

Budget in Brief40

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

Program Highlights
Advanced Coal Energy Systems & CCUS
• Advanced Energy Systems
The mission of the Advanced Energy Systems (AES) subprogram is to increase the availability, efficiency, and reliabilityof fossil energy power systems and to fund early-stage research to advance technologies that represent a new way toconvert energy to enable a step change in performance, efficiency, and the cost of electricity for next generation power
plants while maintaining environmental standards through early-stage R&D. Specific efforts will focus on six activities:
1) Advanced Combustion/Gasification Systems, 2) Advanced Turbines, 3) Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, 4) Advanced Sensors
and Controls, 5) Power Generation Efficiency, and 6) Advanced Energy Materials. While the primary focus is on coalbased power systems, improvements to these technologies will result in spillover benefits that can reduce the cost of
converting other carbon-based fuels, such as natural gas, biomass, or petroleum coke into power and other usefulproducts in an environmentally-acceptable manner. Funding is also provided for competitively awarded cooperative
agreements between industry and National Laboratories. By the end of FY 2022, develop three technologies that,verified through modeling, improve the average heat rate (i.e., efficiency) of a typical plant in the existing fleet by 5
percent from the 2017 baseline of 30 percent. By the end of FY 2022, complete at least two designs of advanced highefficiency (greater than or equal to 42% on a higher heating value basis), low emission (HELE) coal fired, small-scale
and/or modular units that have flexible operating capacity to meet baseload and load following requirements needed
for the evolving grid.
•

Crosscutting Research
The Crosscutting Research subprogram supports innovative early-stage R&D for improving reliability, availability, efficiency,
and environmental performance of advanced fossil-based power systems. The program bridges basic and applied research bytargeting concepts with the greatest potential for transformational breakthroughs. As such, the program focuses on advancing
early-stage research in areas such materials, rare earth recovery from coal and coal byproducts, fluid dynamics, and fuelpreparation characteristics (i.e., coal particle sizing and drying). The program also aims to obtain new knowledge regarding
plant phenomena and operation that can be incorporated into a new generation of plant control technologies. Crosscutting
Research is focused on four activities and associated sub-activities: 1) Critical Minerals; 2) Water Management R&D; 3)
Modeling, Simulation and Analysis; and 4) University Training and Research (e.g., funding for: University Coal Research, andHistorically Black Colleges and Universities and other Minority-Serving Institutions, and the University Turbine Systems
Research.

•

Carbon Capture, Utilization & Storage
The Carbon Capture subprogram is focused on early-stage research and development on post-combustion and precombustion CO 2 capture, novel compression technologies for new and existing fossil fuel-fired power plants and CO 2
utilization technologies to convert CO 2 to valuable products and commodities. Significant improvements are required to reduceparasitic energy load, and lower capital costs that can support the market potential for large quantities of CO 2 for economic
utilization in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) operations and conversion to high-value products. Low cost CO 2 can strengthen U.S.
energy security by enabling the production of up to 60 billion barrels of stranded oil that is uneconomic with current recovery
practices and current market prices for CO 2 . The Carbon Utilization subprogram focuses on using captured/concentrated CO 2
and/or carbon-containing substances, or directly using CO 2 from flue gas or mixed gas streams, and converting it into valuable
products. Critical challenges identified in the utilization focus area include the cost-effective use of CO 2 and other carboncontaining substances as a feedstock for chemical synthesis, or its integration into pre-existing products. The Carbon Storage
subprogram is focused on development of technologies for the safe and permanent geologic storage of captured CO 2. The
subprogram is focused on early-stage R&D in five primary storage types—saline formations, oil and natural gas reservoirs, unmineable coal seams, basalts, and organic shales—and in geologic reservoirs across eleven different geologic storage
depositional classes. Coupled simulation tools, characterization methods, and monitoring technologies developed andvalidated through the Carbon Storage subprogram will improve storage efficiency, reduce overall cost, decrease subsurface
uncertainties, and identify ways to ensure that operations are safe, economically viable, and environmentally benign.

•

STEP (Supercritical CO2)
STEP is a pilot test facility that is intended to be available for industry- led projects. Through competitively awarded funding
opportunity announcements, the program will support advances in the next generation of lower cost, higher performance

Budget in Brief

41

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

recuperators as well as the next generation turbine components such as seals, bearings, and rotors needed to improve
efficiency, reduce cost, and increase durability of power systems that use supercritical CO 2 as a working fluid.
•

Natural Gas Technologies
The Natural Gas Technologies program addresses critical and emergent issues pertaining to the safe and environmentally
sustainable supply of domestic natural gas. Specifically, the program’s mission is to promote our Nation’s energy independence
through early-stage research and development that enables the prudent development, distribution, and storage of natural gas
resources. The program is comprised of two subprograms: 1) Natural Gas Infrastructure Research and 2) Gas Hydrates. Given
the importance of natural gas in our energy system, it is critical to ensure the safety and reliability of related infrastructure toprotect energy reliability, public health, and the environment. To that end, the Natural Gas Infrastructure Research
subprogram conducts early-stage R&D on technologies that industry could advance to improve the reliability and operational
efficiency of natural gas transmission, distribution, and storage facilities. In addition, while shale gas has been discovered in
sufficient quantities to now support and warrant U.S. liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports, the most plentiful supplies of natural
gas throughout the world may in fact be the methane molecules trapped in ice-like structures called hydrates. The Gas
Hydrates subprogram supports unique early-stage research to evaluate the occurrence, nature, and behavior of the potentiallyenormous naturally-occurring gas hydrate resources within the U.S. and territorial waters, with particular focus on the Arctic
and Gulf of Mexico regions.

•

Unconventional Fossil Energy Technologies from Petroleum – Oil Technologies
The mission of the Unconventional Fossil Energy Technologies from Petroleum – Oil Technologies program is to advance open
information and technologies that will better assure sustainable and responsible development of domestic unconventional
fossil energy resources, including tight and shale oil and natural gas. The prudent development of these natural resources isessential to ensuring the Nation’s continued energy resilience and security. The Unconventional Fossil Energy Technologies
Program is aligned with Administration priorities of enhancing domestic energy production and U.S. energy security.

•

NETL Coal Research and Development
The NETL Coal R&D program funds all NETL in-house research efforts. In addition to supporting research capabilities in
the areas of computational engineering, material engineering and manufacturing, and geological systems, this program
funds collaboration activities with universities, other National Laboratories, state and local governments, and industry.
NETL will leverage funding and will explore collaborative models for partnerships with other laboratories, industry, andacademia in accordance with laws, regulations, and policies. This program also encompasses strategic energy analysis
and research data management activities.

•

NETL Infrastructure and Operations
The NETL Infrastructure program supports the fixed costs of NETL’s facility and major equipment footprint in three geographic
locations -- Morgantown, WV; Pittsburgh, PA; and Albany, OR. The Department continues to evaluate ways to improve
operational efficiency. The NETL Infrastructure and Operations program is comprised of the following subprograms: (1) Highperformance Computer; (2) Plant & Capital Equipment; (3) Safeguards and Security; and (4) Environmental Restoration.

•

Program Direction
Program Direction provides the funding for all headquarters personnel and operational expenses for FER&D. Also included is
the Import/Export Authorization program, which will continue regulatory reviews and oversight of the transmission of natural
gas across the U.S. borders. Program Direction at NETL continues to include functions that are necessary for the performanceof NETL activities, such as legal, finance, and procurement. Each of these elements also fund the DOE-wide Human Resources
Shared Services Center and the FE program office contributes to the DOE Working Capital Fund.

Budget in Brief

42

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

NUCLEAR ENERGYFY 2017
EnactedNuclear Energy
Integrated University Program
STEP R&D
SMR Licensing Technical Support
Reactor Concepts RD&D
Fuel Cycle R&D
Nuclear Energy Enabling Technologies
Radiological Facilities Management
Idaho Facilities Management1
Idaho Sitewide Safeguards and Security
International Nuclear Energy Cooperation
Program Direction
Subtotal, Nuclear Energy
Use of Prior Year Balances
Rescission of Prior Year Balances
Total, Nuclear Energy

5,000
5,000
95,000132,000
207,500
115,100
17,000237,713
129,303
3,000
80,0001,026,616-10,000-795
1,015,821

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

4,966
4,966
94,355
131,103
206,091
114,319
16,884
236,098
128,425
2,980
79,457
1,019,644-9,932-790
1,008,922($K)
FY 2019
Request00
0
163,000
60,000116,000
9,000
204,000
136,090
2,500
66,500757,09000757,090

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$-5,000-5,000-95,000+31,000-147,500+900-8,000-33,713+6,787-500-13,500-269,526+10,000+795-258,731-100.0%-100.0%-100.0%+23.5%-71.1%+0.8%-47.1%-14.2%+5.2%-16.7%-16.9%-26.3%+100.0%+100.0%-25.5%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
1
Funding does not reflect the transfer of approximately $75M from Naval Reactors for maintenance and operation of theAdvanced Test Reactor
Appropriation Overview
Nuclear Energy (NE) supports the diverse civilian nuclear energy programs of the U.S. Government, leading Federal efforts
to research and develop nuclear energy technologies, including generation, safety, and security technologies, to help
unleash an era of energy dominance through strategic support for innovation.
Program Highlights•

Reactor Concepts Research, Development and Demonstration
FY 2019 activities will include cost-shared efforts to extend the life of the existing commercial nuclear reactor fleet
through early-stage research in the areas of materials aging and degradation, safety margin characterization, safety
technologies, and instrumentation and controls; and early-stage research into advanced reactor technologies, such as
fast reactor technologies and high temperature reactor technologies for the production of electricity and hightemperature process heat to improve the economic competitiveness and safety of nuclear energy as a resource
capable of meeting the Nation's energy, environmental and energy security goals. In FY 2019 Versatile Advanced Test
Reactor subprogram will transition from R&D planning to development of a pre-conceptual design. A new FY 2019subprogram, Advanced Small Modular Reactor R&D, supports early-stage research and development (R&D) and technicalassistance, the results of which are intended to be widely applicable and employed by nuclear technology developmentvendors for the purpose of accelerating the development of their technologies.

•

Fuel Cycle Research and Development
The FY 2019 Budget Request supports progress towards developing one or more light water reactor fuel concepts withsignificantly enhanced accident tolerance.

•

Nuclear Energy Enabling Technologies
The FY 2019 Budget Request supports early-stage R&D and strategic investments in research capabilities to develop
innovative and crosscutting nuclear energy technologies. This program funds high-priority early‐stage R&D on advanced
manufacturing methods, fabrication, and instrumentation technologies to includes a strong investment in modeling andsimulation tools, and provides access to unique nuclear energy research capabilities through its Nuclear Science User Facilities

Budget in Brief

43

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

(NSUF). Collectively, NEET-sponsored activities support the goals, objectives, and activities of the Gateway for Accelerated
Innovation in Nuclear (GAIN) initiative to make these technology advancements accessible to U.S. industry through privatepublic partnerships.
•

Radiological Facilities Management
The FY 2019 Budget Request supports the provision of fresh reactor fuel to, and removal of used fuel from 25 operating
university research reactors to support their continued operation. This provides continued test reactor capability touniversities, coupled with research, development, and educational opportunities in support of U.S. nuclear energy
initiatives.

•

Idaho Facilities Management and Idaho Sitewide Safeguards and Security
Idaho Facilities Management program will continue investments at the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) and Advanced
Test Reactor Critical Facility (ATRC) to improve reliability and availability of the ATR, and continue operations at theTransient Reactor Test Facility (TREAT) following completion of readiness activities in FY 2018. The Idaho Sitewide
Safeguards and Security program will increase the workforce and focus on continued implementation of infrastructure
investments, capital improvements, emerging technology investments, and enhanced cybersecurity program
capabilities to adequately secure site assets.

Budget in Brief

44

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

YUCCA MOUNTAIN AND INTERIM STORAGE
FY 2017
EnactedYucca Mountain and Interim Storage Programs
Yucca Mountain
Interim Storage
Program Direction
Total, Yucca Mountain and Interim Storage

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

($K)
FY 2019
Request90,4006,600
23,000120,000

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+90,400+6,600+23,000+120,000

N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The mission of the Yucca Mountain and Interim Storage program is to accelerate progress on fulfilling the Federal
Government’s obligations to address nuclear waste, enhance national security, and reduce future taxpayer burden. The FY
2019 Budget Request proposes funding from two separate appropriation accounts, Nuclear Waste Disposal ($90 million)
and Defense Nuclear Waste Disposal ($30 million).
Program Highlights• Yucca Mountain and Interim Storage Programs
The FY 2019 Yucca Mountain and Interim Storage FY 2019 Budget Request supports the resumption of the Nuclear
Regulatory Commission (NRC) licensing process for Yucca Mountain and initiation of a robust interim storage program.
Prior year activities that supported the participation in the NRC licensing process were suspended in FY 2010, but are
being continued under the FY 2019 Budget Request.
This request provides for a program office to provide policy direction and perform functions necessary to support thelicensing process. This request provides for legal support to represent the Department in the licensing process, as wellas to respond to litigation and other legal matters. It provides for technical and scientific support necessary to support
an affirmative case for the license and to respond to any challenges to the license application. It also provides for the
document management activities associated with the licensing process.
The FY 2019 Budget Request includes funding to develop and implement a robust interim storage enabling near-term
consolidation of nuclear waste and safely storing it while a repository is completed.
•

Program Direction
The Program Direction budget has been structured to support both licensing and interim storage. Program Direction isneeded for a variety of activities, including the salaries of Federal Employees working in furtherance of the NWPA.

Budget in Brief

45

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH, SAFETY AND SECURITY MISSION SUPPORTFY 2017
EnactedEnvironment, Health, Safety and Security Mission Support
Environment, Health, Safety and Security Mission Support
Program Direction
Subtotal, Environment, Health, Safety and Security Mission Support
Rescission of Prior Year Balances
Total, Environment, Health, Safety and Security Mission Support

126,972
64,000190,972-1,146
189,826

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

126,11063,565
189,675
0189,675($K)
FY 2019
Request135,194
70,653205,8470205,847

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+8,222+6,653+14,875+1,146+14,875+6.5%+10.4%+7.8%+100.0%+7.8%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
Environment, Health, Safety and Security (EHSS) supports DOE’s commitment to maintain a safe and secure work
environment for all Federal and contractor employees; ensure operations do not adversely affect the environment, healthand safety of surrounding communities; and protect national security and other entrusted assets. In particular they support
achieving DOE’s mission in a safe, secure, environmentally responsible manner by providing consistent policy, technicalassistance, and corporate leadership for environment, health, safety and security program areas.
Program Highlights• Environment, Health and Safety
EHSS funds are used to provide technical and analytical expertise to protect and enhance the safety of all DOE workers,
the public, and the environment in support of Departmental missions and goals. EHSS maintains policies and guidance
that promote safe, environmentally sustaining work practices in the areas of occupational, facility, nuclear, andradiation safety; environmental protection; and quality assurance. EHSS provides technical assistance to DOE programand site offices and laboratories through activities such as nuclear facility safety bases reviews and corporate-wideservices such as accrediting commercial laboratories used by DOE sites for regulatory compliance and employee
radiological monitoring programs. EHSS also manages the Employee Concerns program, which manages and provides a
DOE enterprise approach to ensure that employee concerns related to environment, health, safety and security andthe management of DOE and NNSA programs and facilities are addressed. EHSS supports Departmental and national
preparedness and response efforts associated with radiation emergencies and accidents and domestic andinternational research on exposures of workers and the public to nuclear, radiological, and other hazardous materials.
EHSS provides health and environmental services to the people of the Marshall Islands; and medical screenings forformer DOE and DOE-related vendor employees, and supports the Department of Labor in implementation of theEnergy Employee Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act.
•

Security
EHSS provides technical security and analytical expertise to develop and assist in the implementation of safeguards andsecurity programs that protect national security assets entrusted to DOE; and to implement the U.S. Government
nuclear weapons-related technology classification and declassification program. EHSS maintains policies and guidance
related to physical protection, personnel and information security and nuclear materials accountability, in order to be
responsive to national security needs and evolving threats. EHSS provides technical assistance to DOE programs, site
offices and laboratories to implement cost effective security measures tailored to the mission. EHSS maintains
corporate security-related information management systems to determine the potential for an undue risk to individualsites, DOE, and national security. EHSS provides for the protection of DOE Headquarters facilities and accessauthorizations for its DOE Headquarters personnel.

Budget in Brief

46

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification•Program Direction
Provides Federal staffing, travel, support services and other resources required for execution of EHSS program activities
and provides technical support for liaison activities with the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board.

Planned and Proposed Accomplishments
In FY 2018, the EHSS funding will be used to:
•

•
•

•
•
•

Maintain DOE’s EHSS policies to be efficient, effective, and compliant with National policies, including:o Initiation of a rulemaking to revise DOE’s Nuclear Safety Management rule to reduce regulatory burden;o Complete an update to DOE’s Beryllium Rule to provide better protection to workers;o Complete an update to DOE’s Worker Protection Rule to make it easier to implement;o Update information for classification policy and guidance to better protect national security interests.
Support implementation of DOE policies including:o Cost effective implementation of the Department’s Design Basis Threat Order;o Cost effective implementation of the Department’s Occurrence Reporting System Order.
Improve DOE’s safety culture to improve safe accomplishment of work by establishing a safety culture community ofinterest to share best practices, performing safety culture assessments, and implementing methods to monitor safety
culture performance.
Manage DOE’s classification program to protect national security interests.
Manage programs that support EHSS excellence and efficiency across the complex such as the Voluntary Protection
Program and Insider Threat Program.
Manage programs that promote improvements in EHSS knowledge and capabilities such as the Nuclear Safety Researchand Development Program and international health studies.

In FY 2019, the Budget Request proposes to:
•
•
•
•

•
•
•

Keep DOE’s EHSS policies efficient, effective and in compliance with national policies.
Support cost effective implementation of EHSS requirements including continued support for implementation of DOE’s
Design Basis Threat Order.
Identify and assess effective, safe and reliable physical security technologies to replace aging and failing systems
currently in operation at nuclear facilities and laboratories.
Continue to improve DOE’s safety culture by expanding the safety culture community of interest to share best practices,performing safety culture assessments, and monitoring safety culture performance including analyzing and monitoring
results to improve safe accomplishment of work.
Manage DOE’s classification program to protect national security interests.
Manage programs that support EHSS excellence and efficiency across the complex such as the Voluntary Protection
Program.
Manage programs that promote improvements in EHSS knowledge and capabilities such as the Nuclear Safety Researchand Development Program and international health studies.

Budget in Brief

47

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY LOAN GUARANTEE PROGRAM
FY 2017
EnactedTitle 17 - Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program
Administrative Operations
Loan Guarantee, Offsetting Collections
Subtotal, Title 17 - Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program
Rescission of Prior Year Balances 1
Total, Title 17 - Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program
FY 2011 Loan Subsidy Rescission2
ARRA Loan Subsidy Cancelation3

37,000-27,000 5
10,000-9,861139

FY 2018
Annualized CR4

36,749-20,000
16,7490
16,749($K)
FY 2019
Request10,000-3,000
7,000
0
7,000

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$-27,000+24,000-3,000+9,861+6,861-73.0%+88.9%-30.0%+100.0%+4,936.0%-9,000-9,0000+16,722+185.8%00-383,433+23,583
N/A
1Recission of administrative appropriations from FY 2012 and FY 2013 (Pub. L. 115-31)
2Due to FY 2018 appropriations uncertainty, the Budget does not assume the availability of unobligated balances appropriated by
the Department of Defense and Full-Year Continuing Appropriations Act of 2011 (Pub. L. 112-10) for cancelation. However,rescission of these balances would be consistent with the proposal to eliminate the Title 17 program.
3The Budget proposes to cancel $383 million in unobligated balances appropriated by the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act
of 2009 (Pub. L. 111-5).
4Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, the budget
assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended). The amounts
included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
5The FY 2017 Budget estimate for offsetting collection was $27 million. The FY2017 Congressional estimate for offsetting collections was$30 million.

Appropriation Overview
Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program (LGP), as authorized under Title XVII of the Energy Policy Act of2005 and executed by the Department of Energy's (DOE) Loan Programs Office (LPO), encourages early commercial
use of new or significantly improved technologies in energy projects. Projects supported by DOE loan guarantees
must avoid, reduce, or sequester air pollutants or anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases; employ new orsignificantly improved technologies compared to commercial technologies in service in the United States at the time
the guarantee is issued; and offer a reasonable prospect of repayment of the principal and interest on the guaranteed
obligation.
The FY 2019 Budget eliminates the Title XVII program proposes to cancel all remaining loan volume authority. In
addition to $10,000,000 in appropriation offset by $3,000,000 in collections, the Loan Programs Office will utilize
unobligated balances carried forward from prior year appropriations to cover loan portfolio monitoring andadministrative expenses; including salaries for its full time employees as well as the cost of outside advisors forfinancial, legal, engineering, credit, and market analysis. The LPO will wind down operations in FY 2019 with the
expectation that it will shut down in FY 2020 with remaining loan monitoring and closeout activities transferred toanother office. All activities not essential for the continued monitoring of the portfolio will be terminated.
Program Highlights
The FY 2019 Budget eliminates the Title XVII program•

The loan authority provided in prior year appropriations Acts for commitments to guarantee loans under Title
XVII of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 is cancelled, with the exception of potential obligations made before
October 1, 2018.

•

LPO will continue to manage its existing portfolio of assets.

•

The Budget provides $7,000,000 (net of collection) to augment balances of prior year appropriations for loan
portfolio monitoring and related administrative expenses.

Budget in Brief48

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY VEHICLES MANUFACTURING LOAN PROGRAM
FY 2017
EnactedAdvanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program
Administrative Expenses
Rescission of Prior Year Balances 1
Total, Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program
Loan Subsidy Cancellation2

5,000-1,1173,883
0FY 2018
Annualized CR*

4,966
0
4,966
0

($K)
FY 2019
Request+1,0000+1,000-4,333,500

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$-4,000+1,117-2,883-4,333,500-80.0%
100.0%-74.2%
N/A*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, thebudget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended).
The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
1
Recission of administrative appropriations from FY 2012 (Pub. L. 115-31)
2
The Budget proposes to cancel $4.3 billion in unobligated balances appropriated by the Consolidated Security,
Disaster Assistance, and Continuing Appropriations Act of 2009 (Pub. L. 110-329)
Appropriation Overview
Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing (ATVM) Loan Program supports the manufacturing of advanced technology
vehicles and associated components in the United States. ATVM provides loans to automobile and automobile partmanufacturers for the cost of re-equipping, expanding, or establishing manufacturing facilities in the United States to produce
advanced technology vehicles or qualified components and for associated engineering integration costs.
The FY 2019 Budget eliminates the ATVM Loan Program and proposes to cancel all remaining loan volume authority andappropriated credit subsidy. The Budget provides $1,000,000 to cover loan portfolio monitoring and administrative expenses:
including salaries for its full time employees as well as the cost of outside advisors for financial, legal, engineering, credit, andmarket analysis. The Loan Programs Office (LPO) will wind down operations in FY 2019 with the expectation that it will shut
down in FY 2020 with remaining loan monitoring and closeout activities transferred to another office. All activities not essential
for the continued monitoring of the portfolio will be terminated.
Program Highlights
The FY 2019 Budget eliminates the ATVM Loan Program• The direct loan authority provided under section 129 of the Consolidated Security, Disaster Assistance, and Continuing
Appropriations Act, 2009 is permanently cancelled.
•

LPO will continue to manage its existing portfolio of assets.

•

The Budget provides $1,000,000 to augment balances of prior year appropriations for loan portfolio monitoring andrelated administrative expenses.

Budget in Brief49

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

SCIENCE
FY 2017
EnactedScience
Advanced Scientific Computing Research
Basic Energy Sciences
Biological and Environmental Research
Fusion Energy Sciences ProgramHigh Energy Physics
Nuclear Physics
Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists
Science Laboratories Infrastructure
Safeguards and Security
Program Direction
Subtotal, Science
Rescission of Prior Year Balances
Total, Science

647,000
1,871,500
612,000
380,000
825,000
622,000
19,500130,000
103,000
182,000
5,392,000-1,0285,390,972

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

642,606
1,858,791
607,844
377,419
819,397
617,776
19,368129,117
102,301
180,764
5,355,383-1,021
5,354,362($K)
FY 2019
Request899,0101,850,000
500,000
340,000
770,000
600,000
19,000126,852
106,110
180,000
5,390,972
0
5,390,972

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+252,010-21,500-112,000-40,000-55,000-22,000-500-3,148+3,110-2,000-1,028+1,0280+39.0%-1.1%-18.3%-10.5%
-6.7%
-3.5%
-2.6%
-2.4%
+3.0%
-1.1%
0.0%
+100.0%
N/A*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, thebudget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended).
The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The Office of Science (SC) is the nation’s largest Federal supporter of basic research in the physical sciences and funds
programs in physics, chemistry, materials science, biology, environmental science, applied mathematics, and computer andcomputational science. The SC portfolio has two principal thrusts: direct support of scientific research, and direct support ofthe design, development, construction, and operation of unique, open-access scientific user facilities. The SC basic research
portfolio includes extramural grants and contracts supporting about 23,000 researchers located at over 300 institutions and the 17
DOE national laboratories, spanning all fifty states and the District of Columbia. The portfolio of 27 scientific user facilities serves
nearly 31,000 users per year. SC programs invest in foundational science, including basic research for the advancement ofclean energy, to transform our understanding of nature and strengthen the connection between advances in fundamental
science and technology innovation.
Program Highlights• Advanced Scientific Computing Research
Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) supports advanced computational research, applied mathematics, andcomputer science, as well as development and operation of multiple, large high performance and leadership computing
user facilities and high performance networking. ASCR increases by $252.0 million, or 39.0 percent, above the FY 2017
Enacted level. The Request provides for significantly expanded investments to accelerate the development of exascalecapable computing systems, applications and software infrastructure in order to deploy the first exascale system in 2021 toprovide next-generation tools for scientific discovery and meet national security needs. The Request funds:o Research, development, and design to ultimately achieve exascale-capable systems with a fifty fold improvement intrue application performance over the current systems at the Leadership Computing Facilities at Argonne National
Laboratory and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
o Core research in applied mathematics and computer science.
o Research on the application of high performance computer simulation and modeling to science challenges,
including computational partnerships under the Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC)
program and new strategic partnerships aimed at understanding the challenges that quantum information andneuromorphic technologies pose to DOE mission applications.
o Research in data-intensive science to address end-to-end data management challenges, including the massive
quantities of data generated by SC facilities and collaborations.

Budget in Brief50

FY 2019 Congressional Budget JustificationooOperations and preparation for upgrades at ASCR’s four scientific user facilities, including site preparations at the
Leadership Computing Facilities in support of the delivery of the first exascale-capable computing system in 2021.
The Next Generation Networking for Science activity has been eliminated. Core efforts in networking research aresupported within the computer science activity. Collaboratory efforts, are supported within the computational
partnerships to strengthen the interconnectivity of these efforts.

•

Basic Energy Sciences
Basic Energy Sciences (BES) supports fundamental research to understand, predict, and ultimately control matter andenergy at the electronic, atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for new energy technologies,
to mitigate the environmental impacts of energy use, and to support DOE missions in energy, environment, andnational security. BES decreases by $21.5 million or 1.1 percent, below the FY 2017 Enacted level. The Request funds:
o Core research activities in the broad disciplines of condensed matter and materials physics, chemistry,geosciences, and aspects of physical biosciences to discover new materials and design novel chemical processes.
o Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs) to overcome hurdles in basic science that require team efforts with ascope and complexity beyond what is possible in single-investigator or small-group awards.
o Core research and the EFRC program emphasize emerging high priorities in quantum materials and chemistry, ultrafast
science, catalysis science, synthesis, instrumentation science, and materials and chemical research related to futurenuclear energy systems, next-generation electrical energy storage, and interdependent energy-water issues.
o The Batteries and Energy Storage and the Fuels from Sunlight Energy Innovation Hubs.
o Computational Materials Sciences to develop community codes for the predictive design of functional materials,
and Computational Chemical Sciences to develop codes that are well-adapted to anticipated exascalearchitectures.
o Fundamental research to enable advancement of clean energy technologies, with emphases on targeting novel
materials and chemistry for energy efficiency and for use in extreme environments.
o Continuing operation of BES user facilities below optimal levels: five x-ray light sources, two neutron scattering
sources, and five research centers for nanoscale science.
o Continued construction of the Linac Coherent Light Source-II at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory.
o Support for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade project. Two new line item construction projects: the Advanced
Light Source Upgrade project at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) and the Linac Coherent Light
Source-II High Energy project at SLAC.

•

Biological and Environmental Research
Biological and Environmental Research (BER) supports fundamental research to understand complex biological,
biogeochemical, and physical principles of natural systems at scales extending from the genome of microbes and plants
to the environmental and ecological processes at the scale of the planet Earth. BER decreases by $112.0 million, or 18.3
percent, below the FY 2017 Enacted level. The Request funds:o Research in foundational genomic sciences, including the DOE Bioenergy Research Centers, using approaches that
include genome sequencing, secure biodesign, proteomics, metabolomics, structural biology, high-resolution imaging andcharacterization, and integration of information into computational models that can be iteratively tested and validated toadvance a predictive understanding of biological systems.
o Core research in earth and environmental systems science, with activities focused on scientific analysis and modelingof the sensitivity and uncertainty of Earth system predictions to atmospheric, cryospheric, oceanic, and biogeochemical
processes.
o Continuing operation of the three BER scientific user facilities: the Joint Genome Institute, the Atmospheric
Radiation Measurement Research Facility, and the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory.

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51

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification•

Fusion Energy Sciences
Fusion Energy Sciences (FES) supports research to understand matter at very high temperatures and densities and to build
the scientific foundation needed to develop a fusion energy source. FES decreases by $40.0 million, or 10.5
percent, below the FY 2017 Enacted level. The Request funds:
o The DIII-D program research and facility operations, with an emphasis on completion of facility improvements thatbegan in FY 2018 and study of high priority topics identified by community research needs workshops.
o National Spherical Torus Experiment Upgrade (NSTX-U) at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory to implement
repairs and corrective actions required to obtain robust, reliable research operations, and enhanced collaborative
research at other facilities to support NSTX-U research program priorities.
o SciDAC in partnership with ASCR, including research to accelerate development of a whole-device modeling capability
and address large-scale data analysis challenges.
o The Materials-Plasma Exposure eXperiment project, which will be a world-leading facility for dedicated studies of reactorrelevant heat and particle loads on fusion materials.
o Research opportunities for U.S. scientists on overseas superconducting tokamaks and stellerators and other international
facilities with unique capabilities, enabled by U.S. hardware and intellectual contributions.
o Discovery plasma science, emphasizing research on intermediate-scale scientific user facilities.
o High-energy-density laboratory plasma science enabled by the Matter in Extreme Conditions instrument of the Linac
Coherent Light Source.
o The U.S. Contribution to the ITER project focusing on the highest-priority First Plasma hardware components,
including the continued fabrication of the central solenoid superconducting magnet modules.

•

High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics (HEP) supports research to understand how the universe works at its most fundamental level by
discovering the most elementary constituents of matter and energy, probing the interactions among them, andexploring the basic nature of space and time. HEP decreases by $55.0 million, or 6.7 percent, below the FY 2017
Enacted level. The Request funds:
o The highest priority activities and projects identified by the high energy physics community and described in theHigh Energy Physics Advisory Panel May 2014 Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5) report. This includes
increased support for the Long Baseline Neutrino Facility/Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (LBNF/DUNE)
and the Proton Improvement Plan-II project that will provide the world’s highest proton beam intensity of greaterthan 1.2 megawatts for LBNF/DUNE, which are hosted at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; and the HighLuminosity Large Hadron Collider Accelerator and Computational Materials Sciences and A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS
Detector Upgrade projects with international partners.
o Core research activities, with priority given to areas critical to executing P5 report recommendations.
o Quantum Information Science (QIS) opens prospects for new capabilities in sensing, simulation, and computing.
HEP activities will be a part of a larger national effort involving interagency coordination of programs.
o Accelerator Stewardship activities to enable development of real-world accelerator applications, including
advanced proton and ion beams for the treatment of cancer (in coordination with the National Institutes of
Health), and compact accelerators for environmental remediation.
o Muon to Electron Conversion Experiment (Mu2e) project proceeding to the construction phase; Mu2e will provide
a unique window into charged lepton flavor violation.
o Next-generation projects to search for dark matter, LUX-ZEPLIN and SuperCDMS-SNOlab; and the Dark Energy
Spectroscopic Instrument to further studies of dark energy.

•

Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Physics (NP) supports research to discover, explore, and understand all forms of nuclear matter. NP decreases
by $22.0 million or 3.5 percent, below the FY 2017 Enacted level. The Request funds:
o High priority world-class nuclear physics research in Quantum Chromodynamics, Nuclear Structure andAstrophysics and Fundamental Symmetries at universities and laboratories and preserves critical corecompetencies. An effort in QIS research is initiated.
o Operations of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider to study matter created moments after the “Big-Bang,”; theContinuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility to continue the scientific program with the recently upgraded 12
GeV machine to pursue opportunities for new discoveries and an improved understanding of quark confinement;

Budget in Brief

52

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

o

o

o

and operations of the Argonne Tandem Linac Acceleratory System for compelling research in nuclear structure andastrophysics.
Isotope production facilities to ensure mission readiness for isotope production. These facilities provide isotopes inshort supply that are crucial to the Nation’s federal complex, research enterprise, and industry. Operation of the
Enriched Stable Isotope Prototype Plant is maintained and poised to begin to replenish U.S. inventory and reduce
dependence on foreign suppliers.
Construction of the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) at Michigan State University will continue consistent withthe performance baseline profile; FRIB will provide world-class capability and new discovery potential in nuclear
structure and nuclear astrophysics.
Fabrication of high priority instrumentation including the Gamma-Ray Energy Tracking Array Major Items ofEquipment (MIE), a premiere gamma-ray tracking device that will enable provision of advanced, high resolution
gamma ray detection capabilities for FRIB; the Stable Isotope Production Facility MIE, which will provide increased
domestic capability for production of critically needed enriched stable isotopes, and reduce the nation’s
dependency on foreign supply; and the initiation of the sPHENIX MIE, to study high particle jet production in heavy
ion collisions at RHIC.

•

Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists
Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (WDTS) ensures that DOE has the sustained pipeline of science,technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workers to meet national goals and objectives, now and in the
future. WDTS funding decreases by $0.5 million or 2.6 percent, below the FY 2017 Enacted level.
o FY 2019 activities supported by WDTS focus on the training of STEM undergraduate and graduate students at DOE
national laboratories and the National Science Bowl® competitions.

•

Science Laboratories Infrastructure
Science Laboratories Infrastructure (SLI) sustains mission-ready infrastructure and safe and environmentally responsible
operations by providing the infrastructure necessary to support leading edge research by the SC national laboratories. SLI
decreases by $3.1 million or 2.4 percent, below the FY 2017 Enacted level. The Request funds:o Two new construction projects: the Electrical Capacity and Distribution Capability at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)
and the Science User Support Center at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL).
o The continuation of six ongoing construction projects: Materials Design Laboratory at ANL; the Integrative Genomics
Building at LBNL; the Integrated Engineering Research Center at Fermilab; the Core Facility Revitalization at BNL; and theEnergy Sciences Capability at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.

•

Safeguards and Security
Safeguards and Security (S&S) program ensures appropriate security measures are in place to support the SC mission
requirement of open scientific research and to protect critical assets within SC national laboratories.
o S&S increases by $3.1 million or 3.0 percent, above the FY 2017 Enacted level to provide for increased support to
Cybersecurity.

•

Science Program Direction
Program Direction (PD) supports the skilled and motivated Federal workforce that plans, develops, and oversees SC
investments in world-leading basic research and scientific user facilities, and provides critical oversight to ten of DOE’s
national laboratories.
o PD decreases by $2.0 million or 1.1 percent, below the FY 2017 Enacted level. The decrease will be accommodated
through a restriction in hiring and an organizational review to identify opportunities for functional consolidationand position reductions while improving organizational efficiencies.

Budget in Brief

53

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTFY 2017
EnactedEnvironmental Management by Site
BrookhavenCarlsbad/Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP)
Idaho National Laboratory
Oak Ridge
Paducah
Portsmouth
RichlandRiver Protection
Savannah River
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Los Alamos
NevadaSandia National Laboratories
Separation Process Research Unit (SPRU)
West Valley Demonstration Project
Energy Technology Engineering Center
Moab
Excess Facilities
Other Sites
Headquarters Operations
Technology Development
Uranium Thorium Reimbursements
Program Direction
D&D Fund Deposit
Offsets
Total, Environmental Management by Site

0324,720
390,088498,164
272,310
381,971916,176
1,499,965
1,369,429
9,200
1,396
194,000
62,176
4,130
3,685
69,62810,45937,8840
14,88914,97925,02530,000290,050
563,000-564,416
6,418,908

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

0322,515
387,439494,782
270,461
379,377
909,954
1,489,779
1,360,130
9,138
1,387
192,683
61,754
4,102
3,660
69,155
10,38837,6270
14,78814,87824,85529,796
288,080
559,177-559,177
6,376,728($K)
FY 2019
Request2,000
403,487359,226
408,526
270,224
415,458
747,097
1,438,513
1,656,180
0
1,704
191,629
60,1362,600
15,00063,687
8,038
34,993150,000
4,889
12,97925,00030,000300,000006,601,366

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+2,000+78,767-30,862-89,638-2,086+33,487-169,079-61,452+286,751-9,200+308-2,371-2,040-1,530+11,315-5,941-2,421-2,891+150,000-10,000-2,000-25
0+9,950-563,000+564,416+182,458

N/A+24.3%-7.9%-18.0%-0.8%+8.8%-18.5%-4.1%+20.9%-100.0%+22.1%-1.2%-3.3%-37.0%+307.1%-8.5%-23.1%-7.6%
N/A-67.2%-13.4%
-0.1%
0
+3.4%
-100.0%+100.0%+2.8%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, thebudget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended).
The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The Office of Environmental Management (EM) supports the Department of Energy (DOE) to meet the challenges of thenation’s Manhattan Project and Cold War legacy responsibilities.
EM was established in 1989 and is responsible for the cleanup of millions of gallons of liquid radioactive waste, thousandsof tons of spent (used) nuclear fuel and nuclear materials, disposition of large volumes of transuranic and mixed/low- level
waste, huge quantities of contaminated soil and water, and deactivation and decommissioning of thousands of excess
facilities. This environmental cleanup program results from six decades of nuclear weapons development and production
and Government-sponsored nuclear energy research. It involves some of the most dangerous materials known tohumankind. To date, EM has completed cleanup activities at 91 sites in 30 states and in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
EM is currently responsible for cleaning up the remaining 16 sites in 11 states.

Budget in Brief

54

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

Program Highlights• Savannah RiverAt the Savannah River Site, the largest portion of the FY 2019 Request supports the Liquid Tank Waste
Management Program. The liquid waste tanks pose the highest public, worker, and environmental risk at the site;
therefore, stabilization and preparation for disposal are a high priority. The project scope includes the operation of
the Defense Waste Processing Facility to produce 135 to 175 canisters of vitrified high-level waste andmanagement of the tank farms. In addition, the Request supports Salt Waste Processing Facility start-up,
construction of Saltstone Disposal Unit #7, design and construction of Saltstone Disposal Unit # 8 and 9 andoperation of the Actinide Removal Process and Modular Caustic Side Extraction Unit at 200,000 gallons. This unit
will be needed until the Salt Waste Processing Facility begins operation. The FY 2019 Request supports the ramp
up of the Saltstone Facility to 24/7 operations and the Effluent Treatment Facility. The request also supports theSavannah River Site to maintain H Canyon/HB Line in a safe condition, provides safe, secure storage for spent(used) nuclear fuel in L-Area, supports continuity of K-Area operations to include maintaining the K-Areaadequately, and store special nuclear material safely and securely.
The increase over the FY 2017 Enacted level provides additional support to the Salt Waste Processing Facility toensure reliability and ability of operations to support production rates; increased support of canister double
stacking operations; ramp up of construction for Salt Disposal Unit #7; and additional funding for Salt Disposal Unit
#8 and 9 activities.
•

Office of River Protection
The Office of River Protection's primary goal is the safe management and treatment of approximately 56 million gallons
of radioactive liquid waste currently stored in 177 underground storage tanks at Hanford, 17 of which have completed
waste retrieval and are transitioning to closure. Its mission includes operation, maintenance, engineering, andconstruction activities in the tank farms, as well as managing a multi-year construction project to build the Waste
Treatment and Immobilization Plant to process and immobilize the tank waste in a solid glass form that is safe forpermanent disposal. The FY 2019 Request reflects continued progress toward important cleanup required by theConsent Decree and Tri-Party Agreement with the State of Washington. It will maintain safe operations of the tankfarms to protect workers, the public and environment; meet regulatory commitments; enable the development andmaintenance of infrastructure necessary to enable waste treatment operations; and continue focus on construction,
startup and commissioning of the facilities needed to immobilize direct fed low-activity waste by December 2023 per theconsent decree. The FY 2019 Request includes funding for Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant ($690,000,000)
and Low Activity Waste Pretreatment System ($56,053,000). The mission of the Low Activity Waste Pretreatment
System is to remove cesium in order to supply a low activity waste feed stream directly to the Low Activity Waste
Facility; the decrease from FY 2017 reflects the reduction in cost of the design activities for the Low Activity Waste
Pretreatment System, as the Department pursues a two-phased pretreatment strategy.

•

RichlandThe Richland Operations Office manages all cleanup activities at Hanford not managed by the Office of River Protection,
while also providing site-wide services shared by the two offices. Cleanup activities include soil and groundwater
remediation, facility decontamination and decommissioning, stabilization and disposition of nuclear materials and spent
nuclear fuel, and disposition of waste other than the tank waste managed by the Office of River Protection. Richland’s
FY 2019 Request represents continued achievement of important cleanup progress required by the Tri-Party Agreement.
It will maintain Richland safe operations; provide Hanford site-wide services; continue groundwater remediation;
operate waste management facilities; support certification of large/small container contact-handled transuranic mixed
low-level waste or remote-handled transuranic mixed low-level waste; continue preparation to move cesium-strontium
capsules to dry storage; continue K-Area decontamination and decommissioning remediation; and support K- West Basinsludge removal progress.
The decrease from the FY 2017 Enacted level reflects the decommissioning and demolition of the Plutonium Finishing
Plant facilities to slab-on-grade, and completed scope and facility modifications to prepare for installation of sludge
removal systems for the K West Basin.

Budget in Brief

55

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

•

Oak Ridge
At Oak Ridge, the FY 2019 Request will maintain EM facilities in a safe, compliant, and secure manner; operate EM waste
management facilities such as the on-site disposal facility, sanitary landfills, and liquid, gaseous and waste operations at
Oak Ridge National Laboratory; continue development of Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation andLiability Act documentation for the new On-Site Disposal Facility; continue demolition of remaining facilities at East
Tennessee Technology Park; and finalize design and initiate early site preparation activities for the Outfall 200 Mercury
Treatment Facility at the Y-12 National Security Complex. The processing of legacy transuranic waste debris willcontinue at the Transuranic Waste Processing Center and technology maturation and design will continue for the Sludge
Processing Facility Buildout project. The request also supports continued preparation of Building 2026 to support
processing of the remaining U-233 materials at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
The decrease from the FY 2017 Enacted level is attributed to the completion of Building K-27 demolition and waste
disposal activities and the decontamination and decommissioning of the remaining facilities in the East Tennessee
Technology Park; as well as completing the Y-12 Colex West side equipment removal.

•

Idaho
The Idaho Cleanup Project is responsible for the treatment, storage, and disposition of a variety of radioactive andhazardous waste streams, including removal and disposition of targeted buried waste sitting above the Snake River Plain
Aquifer. The project is also responsible for removing or deactivating unneeded facilities, and removing DOE's inventoryof spent (used) nuclear fuel from Idaho and preparing the high-level waste for shipment from Idaho. Idaho's FY 2019
Request will support key requirements to continue progress in meeting the Idaho Settlement Agreement commitments.
These include supporting operations of the Advanced Mixed Waste Treatment Project to ship transuranic and mixed low
level wastes and continuing progress towards closing the tank farm, including treatment of sodium bearing waste. The
FY 2019 Request will also continue progress toward buried waste exhumation under the Accelerated Retrieval Project;exhumations at eight out of nine retrieval areas have been completed and will continue exhumations at the ninth
retrieval area. The funding request also supports planning activities for the receipt of offsite spent (used) nuclear fuelfrom foreign and domestic research reactors; transferring fuel from wet storage to dry storage; and commissioning andstart-up of the Integrated Waste Treatment Unit.
The decrease from the FY 2017 Enacted level is attributed to progress in legacy waste treatment, completion of retrieval
in the aboveground transuranic waste storage area, and efficiencies in waste exhumation.

•

Carlsbad
The Carlsbad Field Office is responsible for managing the National Transuranic Waste Program and the Waste Isolation
Pilot Plant (WIPP), the Nation's only mined geologic repository for the permanent disposal of defense-generated
transuranic waste. The FY 2019 Request will continue WIPP operations including waste emplacements, shipments,
maintaining enhancements/improvements established in response to various reports and required actions, andprogression of the line-item capital asset projects. Line item projects are 15-D-411, Safety Significant Confinement
Ventilation System ($84,212,000) and 15-D-412, Utility Shaft Project (formerly Exhaust Shaft) ($1,000,000) to increaseairflow in the WIPP underground for simultaneous mining and waste emplacement operations. The FY 2019 Request
also supports the Central Characterization Project and maintains shipping capability between the generator sites and
WIPP and inter-site shipments using Type B transportation containers, including maintenance and support fortransportation containers. Waste characterization at DOE waste generator sites will be funded by their respective site.
Waste characterization certification of legacy transuranic waste at Savannah River Site, Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
and Los Alamos National Laboratory will be funded by the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, whereas the Idaho National
Laboratory funds its waste characterization certification.
The increase from the FY 2017 enacted levels is attributed to the resumption of waste emplacement activities and the
Safety Significant Confinement Ventilation project, activities required to sustain corrective actions implemented during
the recovery effort, and activities to increase operations to a rate of up to ten shipments a week. As well as, increase toaddress critical infrastructure repair/replacement of facility structures, systems, and components in order to return the
Waste Isolation Pilot Plant to its operational capacity.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

•

Paducah
The Paducah site is responsible for a multifaceted portfolio of processing and cleanup activities. The site operates one oftwo depleted uranium hexafluoride (DUF6) conversion facilities in the EM portfolio, with the Paducah facility expected tocontinue operations for approximately thirty years. Additionally, Paducah manages high-priority groundwater
remediation; deactivation and decommissioning of excess facilities; and disposition of mixed and low-level waste. In
addition to ongoing environmental cleanup and DUF6 operations, Paducah’s FY 2019 Budget Request supports activities
to continue the environmental remediation and further stabilize the gaseous diffusion plant. The stabilization activities
include non-destructive characterization, facility modifications, surveillance and maintenance, and activities to remove
hazardous materials. The request also supports completion of the Northeast Plume Optimization project, anddemolition of C-400 Cleaning Building completion.
The decrease from the FY 2017 Enacted level is attributed to the completion of deactivation of the C-400 Cleaning
Building and completion of the Northeast Plume Optimization project.

•

Portsmouth
The FY 2019 Budget Request will support the deactivation and decommissioning project at the Portsmouth Gaseous
Diffusion Plant in Piketon, Ohio. The majority of the Request will be used for deactivation and decommissioning of
gaseous diffusion plant ancillary facilities and systems, disposal of waste, small equipment removal, utility optimizations,and hazardous material abatement. The FY 2019 Request also includes funding for design and construction of an on-site
landfill for the disposal of waste expected to be generated from the demolition of the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion
Plant and associated facilities. In addition, the request will continue progress on the deactivation and decommissioningof the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant and support safe operation of the site’s Depleted Uranium Hexafluoride
Conversion Facility.
The increase from the FY 2017 Enacted level supports decontamination and decommissioning activities.

•

Los Alamos National Laboratory
In FY 2019, planning for retrieval and repackaging of the below-grade transuranic waste will include the evaluation andrecommendation regarding disposition of the 33 remote-handled transuranic waste shafts. Other FY 2019 activities willcontinue to focus on surface and groundwater management. Investigation and development of corrective measures for
remediation of the hexavalent chromium plume continue in Mortandad and Sandia Canyon watersheds, and design ofthe selected remedies will begin in FY 2019. The FY 2019 request will also support technical discussions with theregulators, additional documentation that may be required, possible public meetings, and other support to obtain thedecision of the regulator to allow going forward with remedy projects development in possibly three Material Disposal
Areas (A, C, and T).

•

Separations Process Research Unit
The FY 2019 budget request enables the Separations Process Research Unit site to provide for completion ofverification sampling; contractor demobilization and closeout activities associated with returning the land and facilities
to the site landlord, Naval Reactors; and initiation of procurement actions to transport and treat Separations Process
Research Unit transuranic waste at a select location, return and provide interim storage.

•

Excess Facilities
The FY 2019 request positions EM to support the targeted effort proposed in the FY 2018 Budget to fund deactivationand decommissioning activities for selected excess high-risk contaminated facilities at the Y-12 National Security
Complex and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory that are not in the current project inventory of theEnvironmental Management program.

Budget in Brief

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

OFFICE OF LEGACY MANAGEMENTFY 2017
Enacted
Office of Legacy Management
Legacy Management
Program Direction
Subtotal, Office of Legacy Management
Rescission of Prior Year Balances
Total, Office of Legacy Management

140,306
14,014
154,320-1,066
153,254

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

139,353
13,919153,2720
153,272($K)
FY 2019
Request140,575
18,302
158,8770
158,877

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+269+4,288+4,557+1,066+5,623+0.2%+30.6%+3.0%+100.0%+3.7%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, thebudget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended).
The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The Office of Legacy Management (LM) ensures the long-term protection of human health and the environment after sitecleanup is completed. LM’s responsibilities include DOE Environmental Management closure sites, former uranium mills,
sites remediated as part of the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP), and selected sites conveyed to
DOE under other authorities. LM also funds the pensions and post-retirement benefits for former contractor personnel
after site closure.
LM provides funding for Long-Term Surveillance and Maintenance (LTS&M), Archives and Information Management (AIM),
Pensions and Benefits Continuity, Asset Management, Environmental Justice (EJ), Public and Intergovernmental
Engagement, and Program Direction.
Program Highlights
The majority of LM’s activities are long term and focus on maintaining the Department’s legal, regulatory, community, andcontractual commitments. Management of closure site activities by LM enables other DOE programs to focus on risk
reduction and site closure. By the end of FY 2019, LM expects to have responsibility for long-term management of 100
sites. LM’s functions span both physical and human resources. In the physical environment, LM conducts long-term
surveillance and maintenance of environmental remedies (e.g., groundwater monitoring and disposal cell maintenance) toprotect human health and the environment. For each site, LM maintains both the physical and electronic records andresponds to over 1,600 requests for information each year. LM is responsible for the pension plan contributions and postretirement benefits (e.g., medical and life insurance) for former contractor workers from eight sites. In addition, LM
manages the sites’ natural resources, promotes reuse, including transfer of sites to external parties; is responsible for the
Department’s Uranium Leasing Program.

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DEPARTMENTAL ADMINISTRATION
FY 2017
EnactedDepartmental Administration
Office of the Secretary
Congressional & Intergovernmental Affairs
Chief Financial Officer
Office of Technology Transitions
Other Departmental Administration
Public Affairs
General Counsel
Economic Impact & Diversity
Energy Policy and Systems Analysis
Office of Policy
International Affairs
Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business
Utilization
Management
Chief Human Capital Officer
Project Management Oversight andAssessments
Office of Indian Energy Policy & Programs
Chief Information Officer
Strategic Partnership Projects (SPP)
Subtotal, Departmental Administration (Gross)
Adjustments
Defense-Related Administrative Support
Subtotal, Departmental Administration
Miscellaneous Revenues
Revenues Associated with SPP
Other Revenues
Subtotal, Miscellaneous Revenues
Total, Departmental Administration (Net)FY 2018
AnnualizedCR*

FY 2019
RequestFY 2019 Request vsFY Enacted 2017
$

%

5,089
6,200
49,242
6,906
278,889
3,431
33,00010,16931,0000
18,0005,054
6,158
48,9086,859
276,996
3,408
32,776
10,10030,7890
17,8785,395
4,212
48,912
8,505
282,199
6,594
33,075
10,00502,510
24,545+306-1,988-330+1,5993,310+3,163+75-164-31,000+2,510+6,545+6.0%-32.1%-0.7%+23.2%+1.2%+92.2%+0.2%-1.6%-100.0%0.0%+36.4%

3,000

2,980

3,170

+170

+5.7%

52,92424,50052,56524,33454,872
25,625+1,948+1,125

+3.7%
+4.6%

12,373

12,28915,005+2,632

16,00074,49240,000386,326-20,747-119,716-140,463

15,891
73,98639,728383,704-20,566-118,903-139,469

10,00596,79340,000389,223
0-153,689-153,689-5,995+22,3010+2,897+20,747-33,973-13,226+21.3%-37.5%+29.9%
0.0%+0.7%-100.0%+28.4%+9.4%-40,000-63,000-103,000
142,863-39,728-62,572-102,300
141,935-40,000-56,000-96,000
139,5340+7,000+7,000-3,3290.0%-11.1%-6.8%-2.3%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore,
the budget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as
amended). The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The Departmental Administration (DA) appropriation funds 16 management and mission support organizations that haveenterprise-wide responsibility for administration, accounting, budgeting, contract and project management, congressional andintergovernmental liaison, energy policy, information management, life-cycle asset management, legal services, workforce diversity
and equal employment opportunity, ombudsman services, small business advocacy, sustainability, Indian energy policy, technology
transition activities and public affairs.
The DA appropriation also budgets for Strategic Partnership Projects of expenses and collections resulting in a net offset, andreceives Miscellaneous Revenues from other sources. Additionally, the DA appropriation receives funding from the Other Defense
Activities (ODA) appropriation, Defense-Related Administrative Support (DRAS), which is used to offset expenses within the DA
appropriation that support defense-funded administrative support activities at DOE.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

Program Highlights
In FY 2019, the DA Budget reflects a dedication to strengthen enterprise-wide management and mission support functions,as outlined below:
•

•

•

•

•

Office of Technology Transitions (OTT): For FY 2019, this level of funding is consistent with the OTT’s operational
requirements, to fully establish the OTT as an integral function within DOE and to operate the Technology-toMarket functions transferred and centralized from other offices. The resources requested for FY 2019 are required
to maintain adequate staffing to fulfill Congressional and Administration direction to increase Departmental
engagement for the transition of new and evolving energy technology to the U.S. markets.
Chief Information Officer (CIO): In FY 2019, CIO will continue to work on network modernization initiatives
building upon prior year activities. This includes improving cybersecurity, scaling capacity commensurate withdemand, and continuing to establish the foundation for future IT enterprise capabilities. CIO will collaborate with
the Department of Homeland Security to improve security protection for information and information
systems/continuous diagnostic management (Continuous Diagnostics and Mitigation) across the entire DOE
enterprise. Also in FY 2019, CIO will expand the High Value Assets (HVA) Program which includes Inventory
Management, Assessment Management, Remediation Oversight, and Reporting.
Office of Policy (OP): OP will serve as the principal policy office advising the Secretary of Energy and will report to
the Under Secretary of Energy. The program will serve as the focal point for coordination within the Department
on the formulation, analysis, and implementation of energy policy and related programmatic options andinitiatives. In FY 2019, OP will carry out strategic studies, policy analyses, and coordinate analytical capabilities. OP
will also conduct assessments on the strength, resiliency, and anticipated challenges of national energy systems
and identify and prioritize ways in which DOE programs may be strengthened to contribute to the economic wellbeing and national energy security of the United States.
Office of Management (MA): MA’s activities include policy development and oversight, and delivery ofprocurement services to DOE Headquarters (HQ) organizations, and the management of HQ facilities. MA also
fulfills the statutory and Executive Order responsibilities of the Chief Acquisition Officer, Senior Real Property
Officer, Senior Procurement Executive, Federal Historic Preservation Officer, Chief Sustainability Officer, and theDepartment’s Advisory Committee Management Officer.
Office of Project Management Oversight and Assessments (PM): PM is accountable to and serves the Deputy
Secretary as the Executive Secretariat for the Department’s Energy Systems Acquisition Advisory Board, the ProjectManagement Risk Committee, Cost Estimating and Program Evaluation and overseeing the Project Management
Career Development Program.

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OFFICE OF ENTERPRISE ASSESSMENTSFY 2017
Enacted
Office of Enterprise Assessments
Enterprise Assessments
Program Direction
Total, Office of Enterprise Assessments

24,58051,00075,580FY 2018
Annualized CR*

0075,067($K)
FY 2019
Request24,06852,702
76,770FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$-512+1,702+1,190

-2.1%
+3.3%
+1.6%

*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, thebudget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended).
The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The Office of Enterprise Assessments (EA) supports the Department’s mission priorities and strategic plan for the secureand safe operation of the nuclear weapons complex, science and energy research, and environmental cleanup activities byconducting independent assessments of security and safety performance throughout the Department, holding contractors
accountable for violations of security and safety regulations, and providing training programs that institutionalize enterprisesecurity and safety lessons learned. EA activities complement, but do not replace the responsibility of DOE line
management to ensure compliance with security and safety requirements. EA is organizationally independent of the DOE
entities that develop and implement security and safety policy and programs and therefore can objectively provide timely
information to DOE senior leadership, contractor organizations, and other stakeholders on whether national security
material and information assets are appropriately protected; and whether Departmental operations provide for the safetyof its employees and the public. EA activities also evaluate whether the Department is effective in promoting protection
strategies and informed risk management decisions. In addition, EA has been designated to implement congressionallyauthorized contractor enforcement programs pertaining to classified information security, nuclear safety, and worker
safety and health. Also, EA operates the DOE National Training Center (NTC) in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and maintains
collaborative relationships with security and safety related organizations within and outside the Department.
Program Highlights
EA’s key initiatives in FY 2019 are:
• Strengthening the Department’s ability to protect national security assets (special nuclear material [SNM], controlled
unclassified information, and classified matter) by:− Conducting comprehensive independent security performance assessments and follow-up assessments at DOE
National Security / Category I SNM sites (those with high value assets),− Utilizing “limited notice” safeguards and security performance tests to provide accurate, up-to-date assessmentsof DOE site security response capabilities, and− Focusing on insider threats from employees who may seek to compromise National security and/or the ability of
the Department to meet its mission.
•

Enhancing the methods and tools used to conduct comprehensive independent cybersecurity assessments, including
unannounced “red team” performance testing, to identify vulnerabilities in the Department’s National Security,Intelligence, scientific, and other information systems against external and internal attacks.

•

Conducting independent performance assessments on nuclear safety, worker safety and health, and emergency
management of the Department’s high hazard nuclear construction projects and operations such as those at the Los
Alamos National Laboratory, Y-12 National Security Complex, Savannah River Site, Hanford Site, and Idaho National
Laboratory.

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•Supporting and promoting secure and safe operations throughout the Department by:− Maintaining and operating the NTC to provide advanced security and safety training programs, implementing thetraining reciprocity program to enhance performance and increase operational efficiency and effectiveness acrossthe Department, and supporting security and safety related qualification programs.
− Administering the DOE contractor Enforcement activities for violations of the Department’s security and safety
requirements.

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OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALSFY 2017
Enacted
Office of Hearings and Appeals
Office of Hearings and Appeals
Subtotal, Office of Hearings and Appeals
Use of Prior Year Balances
Total, Office of Hearings and Appeals

5,420
5,420
0
5,420

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

5,463
5,463
0
5,463

($K)
FY 2019
Request

5,739
5,739
-2000
3,739

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted
%
$
+319
+319
-2,000-1,681

+5.9%
+5.9%
N/A
-31.0%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, thebudget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended).
The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
Office of Hearings and Appeals (OHA) is the central administrative adjudicatory body for the Department of Energy. OHA’s
jurisdiction includes conducting evidentiary hearings to determine an employee’s eligibility for a security clearance,
Freedom of Information Act and Privacy Act appeals, and requests for exception relief from DOE regulations and orders,such as regulatory relief from the appliance energy efficiency standards. OHA also offers alternative dispute resolution(ADR) services such as mediation for a variety of matters. OHA utilizes video teleconferencing to conduct hearings at DOE
field sites in order to reduce travel and other costs.
Program Highlights
Over the last nine years, OHA has reduced its case-processing time in all areas of its jurisdiction without compromising thehigh quality of its decisions. The Request supports salaries and benefits for 22 FTEs operating in OHA’s Personnel Security
and Appeals Division, Employee Protection and Exceptions Division, and the Alternative Dispute Resolution Office.

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION
FY 2017
EnactedEnergy Information Administration
National Energy Information System
Total, Energy Information Administration

122,000
122,000

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

121,171
121,171($K)
FY 2019
Request115,035
115,035

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$-6,965-6,965

-5.7%
-5.7%

Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, the budget
assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended). The
amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) is the statistical and analytical agency within the U.S. Department ofEnergy (DOE). EIA collects, analyzes, and disseminates independent and impartial energy information to promote soundpolicymaking, efficient markets, and public understanding of energy and its interaction with the economy and theenvironment. EIA is the nation’s premier source of energy information and, by law, its data, analyses, and forecasts are
independent of approval by any other officer or employee of the U.S. Government.
EIA conducts a wide range of data collection, analysis, forecasting, and dissemination activities to ensure that its customers,
including Congress, federal and state government, the private sector, the broader public, and the media, have ready accessto timely, reliable, and relevant energy information. EIA’s data and analysis help inform important energy-related decisions,
including utilization strategies; availability of energy sources; business and personal investment decisions; and policy
development.
Program Highlights
EIA has evolved its program in recent years to provide an expanding customer base with coverage of increasingly complex
and interrelated energy markets. For example, EIA has addressed new energy developments such as the advent of shalegas, tight oil, and distributed solar, as well as the changing economics of nuclear energy, and the removal of restrictions on
U.S. crude oil exports. The agency’s ability to adapt to a changing industry landscape has been essential to the nation’s
ongoing dialogue on important energy issues.
The FY 2019 budget request will enable EIA to continue core statistical and analysis activities that produce reports critical to
EIA’s customer base, including:•Weekly Natural Gas Storage Report (WNGSR), which is designated as one of the nation’s Principal Federal
Economic Indicators•

Weekly Petroleum Status Report (WPSR), which provides statistics on oil and petroleum product stocks, imports,
and production•

Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO), which provides monthly forecasts of U.S. and global supply, consumption,
trade, stocks, and prices with a horizon of 12 to 24 months•

Annual Energy Outlook (AEO), which projects U.S. energy supply, consumption, and trade over a 25- to 30-year
periodThe FY 2019 budget request will also enable EIA to follow through on planned cybersecurity initiatives and maintain recent
program enhancements that have improved its coverage of a dynamic U.S. energy sector.

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OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERALFY 2017
Enacted
Office of the Inspector General
Office of the Inspector General
Total, Office of the Inspector General

44,42444,424

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

44,122
44,122($K)
FY 2019
Request51,33051,330FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+6,906+6,906+15.5%+15.5%*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, thebudget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended).
The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The Office of the Inspector General (OIG) reviews the integrity, economy and efficiency of DOE programs and operations, including
the National Nuclear Security Administration and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. The OIG has the authority to inquire
into all DOE programs and activities as well as related activities. Audits, inspections, investigations and other reviews are used todetect and prevent fraud, waste, abuse, and violations of law.
The Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014 directs the OIG to conduct an annual evaluation of DOE’s information
security systems. The OIG is also charged with reviewing the Department’s efforts to eliminate improper payments, inconformance with the Improper Payments Elimination and Recovery Act of 2010. The OIG routinely conducts reviews of the mostsignificant management challenges facing the Department, to include its Environmental Management programs. In addition, theOIG addresses alleged violations of law that impact Department programs, operations, facilities and personnel.
Program Highlights
The OIG focuses its efforts to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of Department’s programs and operations in thefollowing key areas:•

Hotline Allegations. The OIG uses hotline allegations to identify potential areas of fraud, waste, and abuse.

•

Contractor Whistleblower Retaliation. OIG conducts reviews of alleged contractor whistleblower retaliation that serve to
inform health and safety issues throughout the Department.

•

Contract Review. OIG assesses the Department’s award and administration of approximately $27 billion in contracts.

•

Cybersecurity Oversight Efforts. The OIG frequently partners with other agencies to address attacks impacting the
Department.

•

NNSA Modernization Efforts. NNSA is undertaking a massive modernization effort that involves major projects (e.g.,
weapons complex transformation) that benefit from OIG reviews that proactively seek to identify opportunities toimprove the efficiency and effectiveness of such operations.

•

Environmental Management. The Department’s environmental liability of $371.8 billion was added to the Governmental
Accountability Office’s High Risk List in 2017. The OIG routinely reviews the efficacy of the Department’s environmental
programs, which annually expend approximately $6.5 billion.

•

Loan Guarantee Programs. The potential elimination of the Title 17 Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee program
will require the OIG to hire experts to assist with reviews to confirm compliance with loan terms and conditions andprogram termination requirements.

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65

FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification••Mission Support Costs. OIG assists in identifying potential costs savings in areas such as the estimated $5.9 billion
spent each year on National Laboratory support costs.
Cost Accounting Standards (CAS). OIG provides reviews of Department contractors’ incurred costs and compliancewith Cost Accounting Standards.

The FY 2019 Budget Request includes an increase of $6.9 million from FY 2017. The increase enables the OIG to maintain its
current operating level and to address new emerging issues impacting security, health, and safety issues across the
Department.

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FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
FY 2017
EnactedFederal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)
Just and Reasonable Rates, Terms and Conditions
Safe, Reliable, Secure, and Efficient Infrastructure
Mission Support through Organizational Excellence
FERC Revenues
Subtotal, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Fees and Recoveries in Excess of Annual Appropriations
Total, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

159,650
123,576
63,574-346,8000-16,645-16,645

FY 2018
Annualized CR*

159,984
121,498
62,963-344,445
0-9,000-9,000($K)
FY 2019
Request171,318
130,090
68,492-369,9000-16,000-16,000

FY 2019 Request
vs FY 2017 Enacted%$+11,668+6,514+4,918-23,100
0
+645
+645

+7.3%
+5.3%
+7.7%
-6.7%
N/A
+3.9%
+3.9%

*Note.—A full-year 2018 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, thebudget assumes this account is operating under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division D of P.L. 115–56, as amended).
The amounts included for 2018 reflect the annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.
Appropriation Overview
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC or the Commission) is an independent agency within the Department ofEnergy (DOE) that regulates the transmission and wholesale sale of electricity in interstate commerce; the transmission andsale of natural gas for resale in interstate commerce; and the transportation of oil by pipeline in interstate commerce. FERC
also reviews proposals to build liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals as well as interstate natural gas pipelines, and licenses
and inspects non-Federal hydropower projects. The Commission protects the reliability of the Nation’s bulk-power systemand oversees environmental matters related to natural gas pipeline and non-Federal hydro projects. The Commission
enforces its regulatory requirements through civil penalties and other means.
FERC’s mission is to assist consumers in obtaining reliable, efficient, and sustainable energy services at a reasonable costthrough appropriate regulatory and market means. FERC seeks to ensure that rates, terms, and conditions of service are
just, reasonable, and not unduly discriminatory or preferential, relying on competitive markets where appropriate. Throughits oversight and enforcement authorities, FERC seeks to increase compliance with its rules and regulations and deter
market manipulation. FERC’s responsibilities also include promoting the development of strong and secure energy
infrastructure that operates safely, reliably, and efficiently in the public interest.
Program Highlights• Ensure Just and Reasonable Rates, Terms, and Conditions
One of the Commission's fundamental statutory responsibilities is to ensure that rates, terms and conditions forwholesale sales and transmission of electric energy and for transportation of natural gas are just and reasonable andnot unduly discriminatory or preferential. To fulfill this responsibility, the Commission uses a combination of market
and regulatory means, complemented by oversight and enforcement measures. For example, the Commission seeks to
improve the competitiveness of organized wholesale electric markets, which in turn encourages entry of new
resources, spurs innovation and deployment of new technologies, improves operating performance, and exerts
downward pressure on costs. Another example of the Commission's use of market and regulatory means in support ofthis goal is found in the Commission's requirements for public utility transmission providers to participate in an open
and transparent regional transmission planning process. In addition, the Commission approves cost-based, and whereappropriate, market-based rates for the interstate transportation of natural gas and oil on jurisdictional pipelines, andfor the interstate transmission, and wholesale sales of electric energy. The Commission also reviews proposed mergers
and other transactions in the electric industry to ensure that these proposals will not harm the public interest.
Oversight, surveillance and enforcement are essential complements to the Commission’s approach to ensure that
rates, terms, and conditions of service are just and reasonable and not unduly discriminatory or preferential. The
Commission conducts compliance audits, issues publicly available audit reports, and engages in formal and informal
outreach efforts to promote effective compliance programs. Audits are planned and prioritized using a risk-based

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

approach in order to maximize the impact of the Commission's resources. The Commission also conducts public andnon-public investigations of possible violations of the statutes, regulations, rules, orders, and tariffs administered by
the Commission. These investigations often rely upon oversight and surveillance that employ sophisticated technology
to monitor market behavior. When violations of sufficient seriousness are discovered, the Commission attempts toresolve the resulting investigation through settlement with appropriate sanctions and future compliance improvements
before initiating further enforcement proceedings.
•

Promote Safe, Reliable, Secure, and Efficient Infrastructure
The Commission plays an important role in the development of energy infrastructure that operates efficiently, safely
and reliably. One aspect of the Commission's role in energy infrastructure development stems from siting authoritythat includes licensing non-federal hydropower projects, certificating interstate natural gas pipelines and storage
projects, authorizing liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities, and, in certain circumstances, permitting electrictransmission lines. Throughout all of these processes, the Commission's goal is to expedite application processing
without compromising environmental responsibilities or public participation. The Commission encourages, andsometimes requires, project proponents to engage in early involvement with state and federal agencies, Indian tribes,
affected landowners and the public. Another aspect of the Commission's role in energy infrastructure development
stems from the Commission's responsibility for the safety of LNG and non-federal hydropower facilities throughout theentire life cycle of a project: design review, construction and operation. To meet this mandate, the Commission
primarily relies on physical inspections of the facilities. The Commission continues to incorporate risk-informed
decision making into its dam safety program. By doing so, the Commission is focusing its resources on those structuresthat pose the greatest risk to public safety.
The Commission also has an important role in protecting the reliability of the Nation’s electric transmission grid. A
Commission-certified Electric Reliability Organization (ERO) develops and enforces mandatory Reliability Standards,
subject to the Commission's oversight and approval. The Reliability Standards address the planning and operation, as
well as the cyber security and physical protection of the Nation’s electric transmission grid. The Commission may also,
upon its own motion or upon complaint, order the ERO to submit a proposed reliability standard or a modification ofan existing reliability standard that addresses a specific reliability matter. To that end, the Commission incorporates
performance data-driven, risk-informed decision making into its reliability oversight. In addition, the Commission works
collaboratively with the governmental and private sectors to utilize state-of-the-art practices as necessary to addressadvanced cyber and physical security threats to jurisdictional energy infrastructure. The Commission works with theowners and operators of key critical infrastructure facilities to identify and share threat information, analyze systemvulnerabilities, and assist with effective mitigation.

•

Mission Support Through Organizational Excellence
The public interest is best served when the Commission operates in an efficient, responsive and transparent manner. The
Commission achieves this operational state by maintaining processes and providing services in accordance with governing
statutes, authoritative guidance, and prevailing best practices. Facilitating understanding of how the Commission carries out its
responsibilities and maintaining public trust in the Commission are important components of the Commission's commitment
to organizational excellence. Trust and understanding increase acceptance of Commission decisions. Through the use of theCommission's eLibrary and eSubscriptions web pages, the public can obtain extensive information concerning documents both
submitted to and issued by the Commission. The Commission also manages several social media sites to promote transparency
and open communication. More generally, the Commission prioritizes resource allocations and makes prudent investments tomeet specific program activities and challenges.
The Commission thus makes continued investments in its human capital, information technology (IT) resources, andphysical infrastructure. The Commission allocates over two-thirds of its budget to directly cover the compensation
costs of its employees on an annual basis. The Commission continues to focus its human capital efforts on thecompetencies and positions most affected by the potential loss of approximately 30 percent of its staff to retirement in
the next five years. The Commission also will pursue a number of new projects that will advance priority IT initiatives.
These projects will modernize core mission and support systems, expand existing data analytics and visualization
capabilities, and improve the agency’s cyber security posture. Through the successful execution of these projects, theCommission expects to maintain a cost-effective suite of IT products and services that will meet its near-term mission needs
and provide a scalable platform to support future needs beyond 2020, while meeting applicable security mandates. The

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FY 2019 Congressional Budget Justification

Commission is also undergoing a multi-year renovation effort within its headquarters building which commenced in FY
2018 and will conclude in FY 2021. The renovation project will enable the agency to realize significant space savings.
The FY 2019 request includes increases of approximately $16.7 million to continue the modernization effort.

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