January 2016

– Potential of collaboration between Japanese and Asian cities
City of Kitakyushu ー City of Haiphong

City of Kawasaki ー City of Yangon

Kitakyushu (Japan) - Haiphong (Vietnam)

City-to-city collaboration in turning the city of Haiphong
into a low-carbon society- Large scale JCM feasibility study in FY2014 and FY2015
Kitakyushu has an official sister-city agreement with Haiphong. Supported by close mutual tie based on this partnership, the two cities jointly developed “theGreen Growth Promotion Plan of the City of Haiphong” based on the assistance of Kitakyushu Asian Center for Low-Carbon Society (the City of Kitakyushu).
The cities are promoting pilot projects that are expected to help realize a massive reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in key sectors.

City of Kitakyushu

City of Haiphong

Establishing a cross-sector partnership to facilitate thetransfer of the Green Cities concept

Knowing and learning more about existing models, andutilizing such knowledge for Green Growth

The city of Kitakyushu is promoting low-carbon development in Asia
through environmental business practices. Our city carried out basic
surveys in Haiphong in 2013. In the following year, we helped informulating “the Green Growth Promotion Plan” using the Kitakyushu
Model. This model systematically organizes the environmental technologies and administrative know-how of Kitakyushu, which overcame serious pollution in the past.
One of the great advantages of JCM city-to-city collaboration is thatit expands partnership with representative departments. In the past, ourcity focused on providing technological support in their water supply
and sewerage system sectors. With the theme “Development of a
Low-carbon City,” our city has forged a new alliance with departmentsrelated to waste materials, energy, public transportation and others.
This has led to the formulation of new project opportunities in a wider
variety of sectors. Furthermore, the facility investment costs can befinancially supported up to half through the JCM Model Projects andthis has attracted the interest of local businesses and has boosted project feasibility.
Currently, while private business entities are conducting detailed
surveys, there is also a need to develop local administrative systems.
For instance, a plan to introduce resource circulation systems and electric buses to Cat Ba Island is now under consideration and we are suggesting introduction of island admission fee to secure the profitabilityof the projects. In this regard, Kitakyushu, which possesses know-how
on ensuring reliable revenue sources and enhancement of local residents’ awareness essential for stable project implementation, is pursuing a dialogue with Haiphong.
Our city will continue assisting Haiphong in developing a suitableenvironment to implement such projects, and will incorporate into ourknowledge the experiences obtained through such efforts. Leveraging
this knowledge, Kitakyushu will help other Asian cities make efforts
toward developing a low-carbon society.

Haiphong, which is the third-largest city in Vietnam, is known as one ofmain port cities in Vietnam. Our city, having evolved as a production basefor domestic and overseas companies, is pursuing the goal of becoming a
Green Port City, open to the world, based on the national Green Growth
Strategy. Our city asked the city of Kitakyushu for its assistance with theformulation of a comprehensive plan, and the two cities jointly developed“the Green Growth Promotion Plan of the City of Haiphong”.
In the course of the plan formation, we held in-depth workshops withstakeholders relevant to the plan, including business entities, and eventually marked out concrete, effective measures, including pilot projects, financing plans, environmental improvement, and specific projections for GHG emissions reduction. We are learning a great deal fromthe experience and expertise of Kitakyushu, which was able to overcome environmental pollution issues in the past, as Haiphong has
suffered from similar environmental difficulties associated with thecity’s industrialization. What we have learned so far has helped our citymake great strides toward our goal of becoming a Green Port City.
Our city will continue to learn from Kitakyushu knowledge in realization of the projects plans. For example, in a waste-to-energy projectplan, GHG emissions reduction is highly expected and utilization of
the JCM model project scheme is proposed, but there is a still need toexamine in detail the finance mechanisms for the further operational
phase. Also, depending on the future status of the projects, we would
like to seek further opportunities for more local companies
to participate in the projects,
and we will continuously
work on those issues in close
cooperation with Kitakyushu.

(Mr. Hironori Sakai, Kitakyushu Asian Center for Low Carbon Society)(International Cooperation
Division, Department of Foreign
Affairs, City of Haiphong)Development of the Green Growth Promotion Plan of the City of Haiphong,and steps toward development of JCM Projects

FY2013

FY2014City of Haiphong

City of Kitakyushu

Basic survey

Cooperating inthe basic survey

Plan Development
Pilot project plan concerning
sectoral measures and policies

Jointly developing the plan

Cat Ba Island, aspiring to become a world heritage siteOverview of pilot projects in the key sectorsof the Green Growth Promotion Planof the City of Haiphong,and GHG emissions reduction (projected)
Sector

Waste

Household waste segregation andcomposting, waste-to-energy, etc.

EnergyWaste-to-energy at cement factories,
energy saving in factories and commercialfacilities, etc.

Transportation

Introduction of EV buses, diffusion of public
transportation services, etc.

Conservation for
Cat Ba Island

Introduction of resource circulation system,
solar power generation projects, EV buses,
etc.

Green Production

Introduction of electric furnaces infoundries, green agriculture, etc.

Large scale JCM feasibility study in FY2014

FY2015

Formulating theadministrative systems and structures

Detailed feasibility studies
for pilot projects

Helping to create a suitableenvironment to implement
the projects
Large scale JCM feasibility study in FY2015

FY2016 or later
Continuously carrying out
Other support
detailed feasibility studies
schemes to implementon the pilot projects
the projects(Participating corporations: Amita Corporation,
Nishihara Corporation, etc.)

Financing Programme（JCM Model Projects）

Pilot Project

Total GHG emissions reduction（projected）=132,860t-CO2/yearKawasaki(Japan) - Yangon(Myanmar)

New city-to-city collaboration project to promote
low-carbon development in Yangon-Large scale JCM feasibility study in FY2015
The City of Kawasaki has been promoting mutual interaction to identify local needs and to develop the City of Yangon to become a low-carbon
society. The cities are aiming to establish a medium to long-term cooperative relationship.

City of Kawasaki

City of Yangon

Connecting Kawasaki s business entities with local needs
through a new city-to-city collaboration

Applying the citys experiences in introducing the preceding
model plant in a wide range of sectors

The city of Kawasaki, located in Keihin Industrial Zone, has developed as a leading industrial city, and for the meanwhile, experienced
through severe pollution issues in the past which the city tackled withgovernment-business partnership. The city conclusively has grown to
be a model environmental city. Today, the city has adopted “GreenInnovation” as one of the pillars of its growth strategy, undertaking
greening initiatives in both the economic and social sectors. Throughthese initiatives, our city is making an effort to develop the environmental industries and, through environmental technologies, promote
the city’s contribution to the international community. As a platform toboost such efforts, the Kawasaki Green Innovation Cluster, which consists of companies and relevant organizations, was established in April
2015. We believe that the JCM city-to-city collaboration project
between Kawasaki and Yangon will offer us a great chance to establish
a framework that promotes environmental cooperation in Asia withcompanies participating in the cluster.
What makes the JCM project so attractive is that we are able to havethe chance of participating in large scale programs and receiving external financial assistance from the feasibility study phase. The on-site
surveys have just started in Yangon. During the course of the surveys,
we carefully focus our efforts on understanding local needs and demonstrating our technologies, in order to identify areas where Kawasaki
can contribute. Our ultimate goal is to realize the commercialization ofprojects in such sectors. In order to carry out projects based on thelocal needs, cooperating with Yangon city is essential. Our city willcontinue the dialogue with Yangon with regard to challenging issues todevelop a low-carbon society, and strive to actively provide our support in the sectors where our city can make the most of its expertise on
environmental administrative activities.
Going forward, Kawasaki would like to support Yangon with environmental improvement through this mutually beneficial cooperative relationship.

Yangon is the largest city in Myanmar, with a population of more than 6 million.
As the population is on an upward trend due to the recent rapid urbanization,
there is an urgent need to establish and develop the bases of people’s daily lives,
such as infrastructure. Meanwhile, the city is increasingly facing environmental
challenges, including air pollution and an increase in GHG emissions.
With the massive generation of waste materials posing a serious problem,
Yangon has started construction of a small waste-to-energy plant in October
2015, subsidized as JCM Model Project. Yangon generates about 1,600 tonsof garbage a day, which is disposed of at two landfill sites. Under suchcircumstances, the overloaded landfill sites and the damaged undergroundwater have severely affected the environment in surrounding areas. To help
overcome these difficulties, Yangon received financial support from theJapanese government to cover a part of the initial installation costs andintroduced a cutting-edge waste incineration plant.
This plant is capable of both improving waste treatment and reducing GHG emissions. Our efforts to introduce this plant are expected to provide effective guidancefor other projects in the different sectors. In light of these experiences, we areaiming to extend the feasibility of the application of advanced environmental
technologies and further improve our city in terms of not only technologies, butalso environmental management and administration systems. With these aims inmind, starting from this year, we have been engaging
in JCM city-to-city collaboration project with thecity of Kawasaki.
Our city will strive to facilitate mutual interaction
with Kawasaki city, absorb its environmental expertise and technologies, and implement effective
measures and initiatives so that we can improve thestate of the environment and develop a low-carbon
city.
(Pollution Control & Cleansing Department,
Yangon City Development Committee)(Mr. Takahiro Fukahori, International Economic Office, Economic and Labor
Affairs Bureau, City of Kawasaki）

Yangon City Hall
(Yangon City Development Committee)

Key sectors focused in the city-to-city collaboration project
between Kawasaki and Yangon, and a framework to promote the projectCity of Yangon(YCDC)

Exchanges and mutual cooperation
concerning development ofa low-carbon society

JCM model project in the city of Yangon
The waste-to-energy plant and projected GHG
emissions reduction（Supported by JCM feasibility studies in FY 2014 followed by
JCM Model Project in FY2015）

City of Kawasaki

Assistance to implement
JCM projects
Key sectors

Development ofLow-carbon IndustrialComplex

Introduction ofLow-carbon Building
Management System

KawasakiGreen Innovation
ClusterIntroduction ofLow-carbon Waterand Sewerage Facilities

Exploration of Alternatives
to Renewable Energy
and New Energy

Japanese
Companies
Assistance to develop
JCM projects

Partner cooperation(Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.)

Implemented byYangon City Development Committee

Site

Mingaladon area, Yangon City,
MyanmarOperation startingyear

FY2017

Capability

60 tons/day

Electric generation

700kW
4,732t-CO2/year

GHG emissions
reduction (projected)*(Emissions from existing landfill sites,emissions from electricity replaced) –Emissions from the project*Calculated based on 24 operation
hours/day and 85% operating rate in a year

(Business entities responsible: JFE Engineering Corporation)

What is the Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM)?
The JCM is a mechanism whereby Japan helps developing countries reduce GHG emissions through introducing and facilitating the diffusion of leading low-carbon technologies, products, systems and services in the countries concerned. Actual
contributions from Japan for GHG emissions reductions and removals are appropriately evaluated as credits, and Japanutilizes them to attain its emission reduction targets.

What is the Large Scale JCM Feasibility Study?
This is a program to promote the development and formation of larger unit JCM projects such as cities and regions. A Japanesecity working together with other partner Asian city, takes advantage of JCM programs and aims to transfer its expertise andadvanced low carbon technologies acquired based on its experiences. The project is carried in partnership with research
institutes and private companies.

Ministry of theEnvironment of Japan

JCM-related
websites

The Ministry of the Environment has opened a Web portal intended to support the formation oflarge-scale JCM projects, provide detailed information on the JCM projects and introduce casestudies, and enable local governments and business entities and their stakeholders, all of whomplay an important role in low-carbon development in Asia, to exchange information with eachother. For more information, visit the websites below.

Ministry of the Environment's Web Portal for
Low Carbon Development in Asia
http://www.env.go.jp/earth/coop/lowcarbon-asia/english/index.html
This website provides information regarding international negotiations and related
policy trends, policies and support systems.

Business Collaboration Support Platform forLow-Carbon Development in Asia
http://lowcarbon-asia.org/english/index.html
This website provides information regarding the Japanese companies’ low-carbon
technologies, business support schemes and case studies on relevant businessdevelopment.

Asia Low-Carbon Cities Platform
http://lowcarbon-asia.org/english/city.html
This website provides information regarding support schemes for local governments’ engagement in international cooperation, case studies on the usage of JCM,and case studies on the development of a low-carbon society.

International Cooperation Office, International Strategy Division
Global Environment Bureau,

Ministry of the Environment, Japan

1-2-2 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-8975 Japan
TEL: +81 3 5521-8248 Fax: +81 3 3581-3423
http://www.env.go.jp/earth/coop/coop/english/

ICLEI Japan
Shimbashi SY Building 4F, 1-14-2 Nishi-shimbashi,
Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0003 Japan
TEL: +81 3 6205-8415 FAX: +81 3 6205-8416
http://japan.iclei.org/en/