22-26 June 2014, Bangkok, Thailand

National Committee for Disaster Management

Kingdom of Cambodia

Country Name : Kingdom of Cambodia
Population: 14.68 Million (UN, 2012)• Urban: 20%• Rural: 80%• Growth Rate
: 1.46% ( UN, 2012)• Density: 83 Per. Sq. Km
Capital: Phnom PenhArea
: 181,035 Sq Km
Province/Capital : 25
Major Language : Khmer
Major Religion : Buddhism
Currency: Cambodian Riel ( ៛ )Bordered By:• Thailand to the West• Lao PDR to the North• Viet Nam to the East
• Gulf of Thailand to the South
National Committee for Disaster Management

Disaster Management System in Cambodia
President
1st Vice President
2st Vice President
MOINT

Vice President

MONDMembers• COM• MOEF• MOFAIC• MOE• MOWRAM• MOAFF• MOC• MOH• MORD• MOIME• MOSWVY• MOPW• MOEYS• MOWA• RCAF HQs• CRC• SSOCA
National Committee for Disaster Management

NCDM Mechanism Structure
National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)

Secretariat
GeneralProvincial Committee forDisaster Management (PCDM)
District Committee forDisaster Management (DCDM)
Commune Committee forDisaster Management (CCDM)
Village Disaster Management
Group (VDMG)

Cabinet

PCDMSecretariat
DCDM
Secretariat
CCDM
Secretariat
VDMG
Secretariat
National Committee for Disaster Management

Commune Coordination Mechanism
Commune Committee for Disaster Management (CCDM)• Commune Chief: CCDM Chairman• First Deputy of Commune : Vice of CCDM Chairman• Commune Clerk: Secretary of CCDM

Security and Rescue Team• Commune Police :• School Principal :• Commune Police :• Volunteers:Chief
Vice Chief
MemberMember

Health and Hygiene Team• Health Center: Chief• Animal Health Agent: Vice Chief• Focal Person in Charge of Childand Women Affairs : Member• Volunteers: Member

Commune Council

Information and Response Team
• CRC Volunteers:• Senior People in Village :• Volunteers:ChiefMember
MemberVillage Disaster Management Group (VDMG)• Village Headman: Chief• Village Assistant (Female): Deputy Chief• Village Health Support Team: Member• Village Animal Health Agent: Member• Village Cambodian Red Cross Volunteer : Member• Other two more members base upon the village deemed necessary
National Committee for Disaster Management

Hazard Overview
Cambodia is considered one of the most hazardprone countries in South-East Asia;
Cambodia is also vulnerable to climate change dueto the increase of rising temperatures and shifts inthe timing and duration of seasons;Cambodia has been experienced of several type ofhazards such as: Flood, Lightning, Fire, Tropical
Storm/Typhoon, Epidemic, Drought, Riverbank
Collapse and Traffic Accident [*];
Over decades, Floods, Drought, epidemics andstorms had threatened the well-being of Cambodian
people as well as economic of the country.
National Committee for Disaster Management

Cambodia Disaster Loss and Damage Database (CamDi)

Sources: (CamDi), http://camdi.ncdm.gov.khNational Committee for Disaster Management

Cambodia Disaster Loss and Damage Database (CamDi)

Sources: (CamDi), http://camdi.ncdm.gov.kh
National Committee for Disaster Management2013 Map of Flood Victims (CamDi)

Sources: (CamDi), http://camdi.ncdm.gov.kh
National Committee for Disaster Management

Deaths From Multi-Hazards By Year (2000 – 2013)

Sources: (CamDi), http://camdi.ncdm.gov.kh
National Committee for Disaster Management

Deaths and Victims From Multi-Hazards By Year (2000 - 2013)
EventFloodLightningFire

Storm

EpidemicDroughtYear

DeathsVictims

DeathsVictims

DeathsVictims

DeathsVictims

DeathsVictims

DeathsVictims

2000

3473305582

50

290

766

00002001

19590026

500489912

00020283

2002

11960321

200300723

000842563

2003

796999400108

05191

0

000

2004

28430

10033701713

000455327

2005

97256711003082

51252

4001024335

2006

15807202890100242442

200100592

2007

2751562941144806238

10002008

44360145401662

02150701031706

2009

3252859794

111113330

40

17204

0

100

2010

11141748

72

18

23936

520729

1000

2011

250

1884402

200

50

1319

04093

800358

2012

26

54909

139

37

20385064235

30025563

2013

184

1893198

136

2049

31

1396

1024867

14

120

0

TOTAL

919

10,462,738

751

2237

94

21,98977

111,17233

14

02,500,727

Sources: (CamDi), http://camdi.ncdm.gov.kh

National Committee for Disaster Management

Percentage of Deaths Caused by Multi-Hazards (2000 - 2013)

Sources: (CamDi), http://camdi.ncdm.gov.kh
National Committee for Disaster Management

Percentage of Victims Caused by Multi-Hazards (2000 - 2013)

Sources: (CamDi), http://camdi.ncdm.gov.kh
National Committee for Disaster Management

Deaths Caused by Floods (2000 – 2013)

347

19117

2

915

2

4

32

11

250

26

184

Sources: (CamDi), http://camdi.ncdm.gov.kh
National Committee for Disaster Management

Victims Caused by Floods (2000 – 2013)

3,305,582

590,026

960,32196,9998,430

72,567807,20275,156

43,601

528,597

141,748

1,884,402

54,9091,893,198

Sources: (CamDi), http://camdi.ncdm.gov.kh
National Committee for Disaster ManagementDisaster Damage and Loss
Summary of Damage and Losses (DaLA)

Sectors and SubSectors

2009 Ketsana Typhoon

2011 Flood2013 Flood

Effects (US$ Million)

Effects (US$ Million)

Effects (US$ Million)

Damage

Loss

Total

Damage

Loss

Total

Damage

Loss

Total

Infrastructure

17.26

11.49

28.75

375.7034.70

410.40134.270.00

134.27

Social Sector

39.55

3.33

42.89

34.70

n/a

34.70

16.46

38.45

54.91

Productive Sector

1.05

59.01

60.06

40.80

138.80179.602.54

164.59167.13

Cross-Cutting Sector

0.21

0.10

0.31

0.00

n/an/an/an/an/a

TOTAL

58.07

73.93

132.01451.20173.50624.70153.27203.04356.31

Sources: Ketsana Comprehensive Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (March 2010), ADB Flood Damage Emergency
Reconstruction Project (Preliminary. Assessment, March 2012), and Post-Flood Early Recovery Needs Assessment (April 8, 2014)
Note: Damage and Loss Assessment (DaLA)

National Committee for Disaster Management

Map of the 2013 Flood Extent in Cambodia

National Committee for Disaster Management

Structural DRR Measures
Engineered buildings;
Non-engineered buildings;
Retrofit of existing buildings;
Strengthening and protecting infrastructure;
Protection of lifelines and critical facilities(high ground/ structure);
Flood protection measures;
Structural warning systems.

National Committee for Disaster Management

Non-Structural DRR Measures
DRR & CCA action plan/ contingency plan;
Warning systems;
Business continuity plan;
Strengthening building codes/ regulations;Land-use managements;
Public awareness campaigns;
Education/training/ exercises.

National Committee for Disaster Management

Concerned Ministries - Institutions
Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology (MOWRAM) is
mandated to produce and disseminate the forecasting andearly warning information to the entire country;
NCDM in partnership with other stakeholders (MinistriesInstitutions, PCDM/DCDM, humanitarian agencies etc.)
assume the coordination role;
Regional Flood Management and Mitigation Center (RFMMC)
of the Mekong River Commission (MRC) based in Vientiane(Lao PDR) is responsible for producing and disseminating
flood forecasting and early warning information for its
member states in the Lower Mekong Basin, including
Cambodia.

National Committee for Disaster Management

Weather Forecasting System (1)Domestic Data and Information
A. Surface Observation
Synoptic Station Consistsof: 21-Synoptic Stations
including
9-AutomaticStations;21-Synoptic are operatingwith manned observational
equipment;
Dataandinformation
receiving by SMS, E-mail,Fax, and Phone.
Sources: MOWRAM

National Committee for Disaster Management

Weather Forecasting System (2)Global Data and Information
B. Surface and Upper Air Data andInformationGTS

MTSATOnline- NWP- SATAID- Digital atmosphere- GPV Data

- NWP
- Weather Map,
- Satellite Imagery(Sources: JMA, Hong Kong Observatory, BOM, NOAA etc.)

National Committee for Disaster Management

FloodNational Committee for Disaster Management

FloodNational Committee for Disaster Management

FloodNational Committee for Disaster Management

River Flood Forecasting System (1)Domestic Data and Information
River Flood Forecasting System in Cambodia is carried out by Department of Hydrology
and River Works (DHRW) of the Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology(MOWRAM);
So far, the system could forecast 3-days flood levels at 7-stations located at themainstream of rivers: Mekong River, Bassac River and Tonle Sap Lake;
4-stations were installed along MekongRiver: Stung Treng, Kratie, Kampong Chamand Neak Loeung;2-stations were installed along Bassac
River: Phnom Penh and Koh Khel;
1-station was installed at Tonle Sap Lake:Prek Kdam;
The multi-regression model has been
applied as a tool to simulate the floodlevel forecasts.
Sources: MOWRAM
National Committee for Disaster Management

River Flood Forecasting System (2)Flood Forecasting in the Flood Plain
The multi-regression model has been
applied as a tool to simulate the floodlevel forecasts;
Understandable, applicable tools andmethods available at communities (staffgauge, flood markers and flood
emergency response boards);
Flood forecasts carried out by the DHRW.

Sources: MOWRAM

National Committee for Disaster Management

River Flood Forecasting System (3)Regional Data and Information
Basin-wide Real timeCollection Network;

Data

Data Transmission every 15mn;
Mekong-HYCOS: 12-stations inCambodia among 32-stations ofMRC Network;
Real time data above are very
important for flood forecasting
and warning.

Sources: MOWRAM
National Committee for Disaster Management

4-Classifications of Flood Level In Cambodia
Based onAnnual Maximum Water
Level at BassacChaktomuk Station

Little FloodModerate Flood

Heavy Flood

Severe Flood

Lower<9.00mBetween>9.00m to <10.00m

Between10>00m to <11.00m

Higher
> 11.00 m

Flood Travel timeStationFlow Duration Arrives atPhnom Penh-Chaktomuk

Vientiane

9 daysParkse5 days

Stung Treng

3 daysKratie2 daysKg Cham

1 day

Sources: MOWRAM
National Committee for Disaster Management

Sources: MOWRAM
National Committee for Disaster Management

Satellite-RadarObservation Station

Rainfall Observation
StationMinistries-Institutions
Sub-National Level
Relevant Stakeholders
Media

MOWRAM
DOM & DHRW

Dissemination of Forecasting and Early Warning Information
MOWRAM
Endorsed and/or Official
Announcement
3-Days and Now-Casting
Weather Forecast

DOM

10-Near Real Time
Hydrological Stations

DHRW

Means of Dissemination• Upload to the Ministry’s website• Email, Fax, Phone, etc.

Ministries-Institutions: Cabinet of the Royal Palace Cabinet of the Prime Minister National Committee forDisaster Management (NCDM)
 Ministry of Information
 Cambodian Red Cross (CRC)
 Ministry of Interior
 Ministry of National Defense

Sub-National Level: Provincial Administrations,Departments and PCDM

Relevant Stakeholders: National and International
Organizations, MRC, UNAgencies

Media:
 TVs, Radios, Newspapers,
Online-News

National Committee for Disaster Management

Challenges

National Committee for Disaster Management

Challenges

National Committee for Disaster Management

Challenges

National Committee for Disaster Management

Challenges and Way Forward
NCDM’s capacity is limited in dissemination of disaster
information across all levels, due to: Insufficient funding; Dated communication systems;
 Lack of equipment and high technology applications;
The Early Warning System project has been supportedby UNDP and implemented by MoWRAM;

Strengthening capacity of DMIS technologies andmanagement;
The CamDi online Disaster Loss and Damage Database
will be launched on 15 July 2014.
National Committee for Disaster Management

National Committee for Disaster Management