䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䚸ATLAS᳠ฝჹ䛮∸⌦ථ㛓䚹
2005.5.7, ᮶ாኬᏕICEPPᒱᒜኬᏕኬᏕ㝌⮤↓⛁Ꮥ◂✪⛁⏛୯䚭♡୔㑳

LHC 䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀ཤ⩻ᩝ⊡ 㻤㻷㻯㻤㻶䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛴㻷㼈㼆㼋㼑㼌㼆㼄㼏㻃㻧㼈㼖㼌㼊㼑㻃㻵㼈㼓㼒㼕㼗㻃㻋㻷㻧㻵㻌 㻯㼌㼔㼘㼌㼇㻃㻤㼕㼊㼒㼑㻃㻷㼈㼆㼋㼑㼌㼆㼄㼏㻃㻧㼈㼖㼌㼊㼑㻃㻵㼈㼓㼒㼕㼗㻏㻃㻦㻨㻵㻱㻒㻯㻫㻦㻦㻒㻜㻙㻐㻗㻔 㻷㼌㼏㼈㻃㻦㼄㼏㼒㼕㼌㼐㼈㼗㼈㼕㻃㻷㼈㼆㼋㼑㼌㼆㼄㼏㻃㻧㼈㼖㼌㼊㼑㻃㻵㼈㼓㼒㼕㼗㻃㻏㻃㻦㻨㻵㻱㻒㻯㻫㻦㻦㻒㻜㻙㻐㻗㻕 㻦㼄㼏㼒㼕㼌㼐㼈㼗㼈㼕㻃㻳㼈㼕㼉㼒㼕㼐㼄㼑㼆㼈㻃㻷㼈㼆㼋㼑㼌㼆㼄㼏㻃㻧㼈㼖㼌㼊㼑㻃㻵㼈㼓㼒㼕㼗㻏㻃㻦㻨㻵㻱㻒㻯㻫㻦㻦㻒㻜㻙㻐㻗㻓 㻤㻷㻯㻤㻶㻃㻯㼌㼔㻑㻤㼕䜴䝯䞀䝛䛴ฝ∟ㄵᩝ 㻱㻬㻰㻃㻤㻘㻓㻓㻋㻕㻓㻓㻖㻌㻕㻓㻕㻐㻕㻖㻔䟺䝗䞀䝤䝊䜽䝌䟻㻏㻃㻱㻬㻰㻃㻤㻘㻖㻜㻋㻕㻓㻓㻘㻌㻘㻘㻛㻐㻘㻜㻗䟺㞹ᴗ⿿ష䟻௙䚯 㻬㼑㼗㼈㼕㼑㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㼄㼏㻃㻦㼒㼑㼉㼈㼕㼈㼑㼆㼈㻃㼒㼑㻃㻦㼄㼏㼒㼕㼌㼐㼈㼗㼕㼜㻃㼌㼑㻃㻫㼌㼊㼋㻃㻨㼑㼈㼕㼊㼜㻃㻳㼋㼜㼖㼌㼆㼖㻋䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛴ᅗ㝷ఌ㆗㻌 䜁䜂䠄ᖳ䛚䛮䚮㻕㻓㻓㻙ᖳ㻋㻻㻬㻬㼗㼋㻌䛵㻦㼋㼌㼆㼄㼊㼒㻃㻋㻃㼋㼗㼗㼓㻝㻒㻒㼚㼚㼚㻑㼓㼊㻑㼌㼑㼉㼑㻑㼌㼗㻒㼆㼄㼏㼒㼕㻕㻓㻓㻗㻒㻃㻌 㻧㻑㻩㼒㼘㼕㼑㼌㼈㼕㻏㻃䇵㻲㼙㼈㼕㼙㼌㼈㼚㻃㼒㼉㻃㻦㼄㼏㼒㼕㼌㼐㼈㼗㼕㼜㻃㼄㼗㻃㻯㻫㻦䇶㻏㻃㻦㻤㻯㻲㻵㻕㻓㻓㻕㻏㻃㻳㼄㼖㼄㼇㼈㼑㼄㻏㻃㻸㻶㻤 㻦㻨㻵㻱㻃㻯㻫㻦㻦㻃㻵㼈㼙㼌㼈㼚㻃㻋᭩᩺᝗ሒ㻌 㼋㼗㼗㼓㻝㻒㻒㼄㼊㼈㼑㼇㼄㻑㼆㼈㼕㼑㻑㼆㼋㻒㼇㼌㼖㼓㼏㼄㼜㻯㼈㼙㼈㼏㻑㼓㼋㼓㻢㼉㼌㼇㻠㻕㼏㻛㻗 㻦㻑㻺㻑㻃㻩㼄㼅㼍㼄㼑㻏㻃㻩㻑㻃㻪㼌㼄㼑㼒㼗㼗㼌㻃㻋㻦㻨㻵㻱㻌䚭䟺䝰䝗䝩䞀ㄵᩝ䟻 䇵㻦㼄㼏㼒㼕㼌㼐㼈㼗㼕㼜㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃㻳㼄㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㻃㻳㼋㼜㼖㼌㼆㼖䇶㻏㻃㻵㼈㼙㻑㻰㼒㼇㻑㻳㼋㼜㼖㻑㻚㻘㻋㻕㻓㻓㻖㻌㻔㻕㻗㻖㻐㻔㻕㻛㻙㻑 㻵㻑㻃㻺㼌㼊㼐㼄㼑㼖㻃䇵㻦㼄㼏㼒㼕㼌㼐㼈㼗㼕㼜䇶㻏㻃㻲㼛㼉㼒㼕㼇㻃㻸㼑㼌㼙㻑㻃㻳㼕㼈㼖㼖㻏㻃㻕㻓㻓㻓㻏㻃㻬㻶㻥㻱㻃㻓㻐㻔㻜㻐㻛㻘㻓㻕㻜㻙㻐㻙 ᪝ᮇ∸⌦Ꮥఌヽ➠㻘㻙ᕬ➠㻛ྒ䟺㻕㻓㻓㻔䟻䛱㎾⸠඙⏍䛴᩺ⴥ⣺௒オ஥䛒䛈䜑䚯

2005.5.7

カロリメーター2᳠ฝჹ䛴ᩅ⛁᭡
 ᩅ⛁᭡







㻮㻑㻃㻮㼏㼈㼌㼑㼎㼑㼈㼆㼋㼗㻏㻃㻧㼈㼗㼈㼆㼗㼒㼕㼖㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃㻳㼄㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㻃㻵㼄㼇㼌㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻏㻃㻕㼑㼇㻃㻨㼇㻑㻏㻃㻦㼄㼐㼅㼕㼌㼇㼊㼈㻃㻸㼑㼌㻑㻃㻳㼕㼈㼖㼖㻏㻃㻔㻜㻜㻔㻋ᇰ㢴㤃䛑䜏᪝ᮇㄊ∟䚮ථᡥᅏ㞬㻌㻪㻑㻃㻮㼑㼒㼏㼏㻏㻃㻵㼄㼇㼌㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㻧㼈㼗㼈㼆㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼄㼑㼇㻃㻰㼈㼄㼖㼘㼕㼈㼐㼈㼑㼗㻏㻃㻖㼕㼇㻃㻨㼇㻑㻏㻃㻕㻓㻓㻓㻃㻋᪝ษᕝᴏ᩺⪲♣䛑䜏᪝ᮇㄊ∟䚮㧏౮㻌㻦㻑㻃㻪㼕㼘㼓㼈㼑㻏㻃㻳㼄㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㻃㻧㼈㼗㼈㼆㼗㼒㼕㼖㻏㻃㻦㼄㼐㼅㼕㼌㼇㼊㼈㻃㻸㼑㼌㼙㻑㻃㻳㼕㼈㼖㼖㻏㻃㻔㻜㻜㻙㻺㻑㻃㻵㻑㻃㻯㼈㼒㻏㻃㻷㼈㼆㼋㼑㼌㼔㼘㼈㼖㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃㻱㼘㼆㼏㼈㼄㼕㻃㼄㼑㼇㻃㻳㼄㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㻃㻳㼋㼜㼖㼌㼆㼖㻃㻨㼛㼓㼈㼕㼌㼐㼈㼑㼗㼖㻏㻃㻕㼑㼇㻃㻨㼇㻑㻏㻃㻶㼓㼕㼌㼑㼊㼈㼕㻏㻃㻔㻜㻜㻗㻵㻑㻶㻑㻃㻪㼌㼏㼐㼒㼕㼈㻏㻃㻶㼌㼑㼊㼏㼈㻃㼓㼄㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㻃㼇㼈㼗㼈㼆㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼄㼑㼇㻃㼐㼈㼄㼖㼘㼕㼈㼐㼈㼑㼗㻏㻃㻷㼄㼜㼏㼒㼕㻉㻩㼕㼄㼑㼆㼌㼖㻏㻃㻔㻜㻜㻕㻺㻑㻃㻥㼏㼘㼐㻏㻃㻯㻑㻃㻵㼒㼏㼄㼑㼇㼌㻏㻃㻳㼄㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㻃㻧㼈㼗㼈㼆㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼚㼌㼗㼋㻃㻧㼕㼌㼉㼗㻃㻦㼋㼄㼐㼅㼈㼕㼖㻏㻃㻶㼓㼕㼌㼑㼊㼈㼕㻏㻃㻔㻜㻜㻗 CERN䜹䝢䞀䜽䜳䞀䝯㻕㻓㻓㻕㻐㻕㻓㻓㻖ᖳᗐ䚭㻃㻦㼋㼕㼌㼖㼗㼌㼄㼑㻃㻭㼒㼕㼄㼐㻏㻃㻳㼄㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㻃㻧㼈㼗㼈㼆㼗㼒㼕㼖䚭䟺᳠ฝჹ䛴Ⰳ䛊ㅦ⩇䟻
http://humanresources.w eb.cern.ch/HumanResources/external/recruitment/Summies/default.asp
http://atlphysv .kek.j p/~atlasj pn/higgs-w ork/ 䛱䝌䝭䝞䝷䛒䛈䜑䚯㍧ㅦ䝿ㅦ⩇஢ᏽ䚮ᐙ㢗䛮ᅂ➽䜘ཤ↯䚯 Particle Detector㻳㼄㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㻃㻧㼄㼗㼄㻃㻪㼕㼒㼘㼓䛴䝰䝗䝩䞀㻋㻥㼒㼒㼎䛮㻥㼒㼒㼎㼏㼈㼗䜘ථᡥ䛝䛬䛐䛕䛮Ⰳ䛊㻌㻵㻑㻃㻥㼒㼆㼎㻏㻃㻤㻑㻃㻹㼄㼖㼌㼏㼈㼖㼆㼘㻏㻃㻳㼄㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㻃㻧㼈㼗㼈㼆㼗㼒㼕㻃㻥㼕㼌㼈㼉㼅㼒㼒㼎䚭䟺᳠ฝჹ⏕ㄊ䛴䝓䝷䝍䝚䝇䜳䟻㻃 㼋㼗㼗㼓㻝㻒㻒㼚㼚㼚㻑㼆㼈㼕㼑㻑㼆㼋㻒㻳㼋㼜㼖㼌㼆㼖㻒㻳㼄㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㻧㼈㼗㼈㼆㼗㼒㼕㻒㻥㼕㼌㼈㼉㻥㼒㼒㼎㻒㼋㼗㼗㼓㻝㻒㻒㼓㼇㼊㻑㼏㼅㼏㻑㼊㼒㼙㻒㼌㼑㼇㼈㼛㻑㼋㼗㼐㼏 Review articles㻨㼛㼓㼈㼕㼌㼐㼈㼑㼗㼄㼏㻃㼗㼈㼆㼋㼑㼌㼔㼘㼈㼖㻃㼌㼑㻃㼋㼌㼊㼋㻃㼈㼑㼈㼕㼊㼜㻃㼓㼋㼜㼖㼌㼆㼖㻏㻷㻑㻃㻩㼈㼕㼅㼈㼏㻃㻋㼈㼇㼌㼗㼒㼕㻌㻏㻃㻃㻺㼒㼕㼏㼇㻃㻶㼆㼌㼈㼑㼗㼌㼉㼌㼆㻏㻃㻔㻜㻜㻔㻑㻬㼑㼖㼗㼕㼘㼐㼈㼑㼗㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼌㼑㻃㻫㼌㼊㼋㻃㻨㼑㼈㼕㼊㼜㻃㻳㼋㼜㼖㼌㼆㼖㻏㻩㻑㻃㻶㼄㼘㼏㼌㻃㻋㼈㼇㼌㼗㼒㼕㻌㻏㻃㻺㼒㼕㼏㼇㻃㻶㼆㼌㼈㼑㼗㼌㼉㼌㼆㻏㻃㻔㻜㻜㻕㻑㻰㼄㼑㼜㻃㼈㼛㼆㼈㼏㼏㼈㼑㼗㻃㼄㼕㼗㼌㼆㼏㼈㼖㻃㼆㼄㼑㻃㼅㼈㻃㼉㼒㼘㼑㼇㻃㼌㼑㻃㻤㼑㼑㻑㻃㻵㼈㼙㻑㻃㻱㼘㼆㼏㻑㻃㻳㼄㼕㼗㻑㻃㻶㼆㼌㻑㻳㼕㼒㼆㼈㼈㼇㼌㼑㼊㼖㻃㼉㼕㼒㼐㻃㻬㼑㼗㼈㼕㼑㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㼄㼏㻃㻦㼒㼑㼉㼈㼕㼈㼑㼆㼈㻃㼒㼑㻃㻨㼛㼓㼈㼕㼌㼐㼈㼑㼗㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼄㼗㻃㻯㻨㻳㻏㻃㼙㼒㼏㻑㻔㻸㼓㼓㼖㼄㼏㼄㻃㻔㻘㻐㻕㻓㻃㻭㼘㼑㼈㻃㻔㻜㻛㻓㻏㻃㻳㼋㼜㼖㼌㼆㼄㻃㻶㼆㼕㼌㼓㼗㼄㻃㻕㻖㻃㻋㻔㻜㻛㻔㻌㻯㻨㻳䛴䛥䜇䛴᳠ฝჹ䛴㼕㼈㼙㼌㼈㼚䚯㻃㻤㼐㼄㼏㼇㼌㻏㻃㻼㼓㼖㼌㼏㼄㼑㼗㼌㼖㻏㻃㻶㼄㼇㼒㼘㼏㼈㼗㻏㻃㻧㼈㼏㼏㼄㻃㻱㼈㼊㼕㼄㻏㻃㻶㼄㼘㼏㼌㻏㻃㻺㼌㼑㼗㼈㼕㻏㻃㻱㼜㼊㼕㼈㼑䛰䛯䛣䛌䛣䛌䛥䜑㢞り䜒䚯

 Other sources㻳㼕㼒㼆㼈㼈㼇㼌㼑㼊㼖㻃㼒㼉㻃㼇㼈㼗㼈㼆㼗㼒㼕㻃㼆㼒㼑㼉㼈㼕㼈㼑㼆㼈㼖㻃㻋㻹㼌㼈㼑㼑㼄䝳䜨䝨䞀䝅䜫䝷䝔䞀ᅗ㝷ఌ㆗㻏㻃䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀ᅗ㝷ఌ㆗㻏㻃㻬㻨㻨㻨ᅗ㝷ఌ㆗䛰䛯㻌1985-1989 VENUS Liq.Ar

1992-1996 CMS Shashlik/APD

1989-2000 ALEPH ECAL

2000- ᒱᒜ㻶㼋㼄㼖㼋㼏㼌㼎
APD
20

䜈䜈䛩䛧©ᒱᒜ┬2005.5.7

カロリメーター4䠃䠀Ṍྍ
M. Della Negra, “30 years of Hadron Colliders”,
2004 LHC Days in Split, Oct.5-9 2004, Croatia
http://agenda.cern.ch/fullAgenda.php?ida=a044204

In 1976 Carlo Rubbia et al. proposed to convert SPS to protonantiproton collider at ECM=2x270 GeV and Luminosity ~ 1030cm-2s-1.

SppS
UA1 Proposal(52 authors)
CMS spokesperson䝒䞀䝝䝯㈳The very first general purpose 4π detector (UA1) for a hadron collider
was proposed in January 1978.
2005.5.7

カロリメーター6

UA1 Detector
UA1䛵䚮䠆ᖳ௧හ䛱ᘋス䛛䜒䛥䟵䠞䠚䠕ࠤ䠃䠂ᖳ䝢䜴䝑䝇䝌䛴㐽ᢝ
UA1
UA2

0.7T Dipole Magnet
B=0

Solenoid䛑Dipole䛑䠑䚭Solenoid☚ሔ䛭䛵๑᪁䝌䝭䝇䜱䝷䜴䛴ฦよ⬗䚭䛒ᝇ䛕䛰䜑䛥䜇Dipole☚ሔ䛱䛝䛥䚯

2005.5.7

カロリメーター7

UA2 Collaboration

ATLAS spokesperson
P. Darriulat (CERN),“The discovery of the W & Z, a personal recollection”
Eur.Phys.J.C34(2004)33-40

2005.5.7

カロリメーター8

UA2 Detector

2005.5.7

カロリメーター9䠩䝠䝁䝷䛴Ⓠぜ
UA1: Phys. Lett. 122B (1983) 103
UA2: Phys. Lett. 122B (1983) 476

W bosonⓆぜ䛑䜏䛴ᩅゥ䠃䟻䚭☚ሔ䛱䜎䜑䝌䝭䝇䜱䝷䜴䛵㞹ᏄID䛴䛥䜇䛱ᚪ㡪
Isolated track in CD, |1/pCD-1/Ecalo|< 3σ
B field, 0.7T, a bit weak, Δp/p=±20% at pT= 40 GeV
䚭䚭ex. D0ᐁ㥺䚭RUN1-☚ሔ䛰䛝䊲㻵UN2 - 2T䝁䝰䝒䜨䝍☚ሔ
䠄䟻䚭Hermetic Calorimetry 䛵䚮 ETmiss ῼᏽ䛴䛥䜇䛱ᚪ㡪䚯䚭䚭✨䛴䛰䛊᳠ฝჹ䛵䚮SUSY᥀⣬(missing ETಘྒ)䚭䚭䛰䛯䛱୘ྊḖ䚯

Nov-Dec 1982 run of 14 nb-1 ,~7 W’s were expected and < 1 Z0 !
Inclusive electron selection ET > 15 GeV:
find 6 events with no jet and hence large
missing transverse energy, ETmiss ! Eventswith jets have no ETmiss

W→eνe
2005.5.7

カロリメーター

10Z䝠䝁䝷䛴Ⓠぜ
UA1: Phys. Lett. 126B (1983) 398
UA2: Phys. Lett. 129B (1983) 130

April-May 1983 run: 55nb-1
Race open for the first observation of Zs !

Z→e+e-e㻕㻃㼈㼏㼐㻃㼆㼏㼘㼖㼗㼈㼕㼖㻨㻷㻃㻡㻃㻕㻘㻃㻪㼈㻹㻔㻃㼆㼋㼄㼕㼊㼈㼇㼗㼕㼄㼆㼎㻃㼌㼑㻃㻦㻧㻳㻷㻃㻡㻃㻚㻃㻪㼈㻹㻕㻃㼆㼋㼄㼕㼊㼈㼇㼗㼕㼄㼆㼎㼖

e2005.5.7

カロリメーター

11

LEP䛴ᩅゥ䠌䚭Energy Flow
Total energy
in the Jets







ETOT=pe+ pµ + pcharged hadron + Eγ + Eneutral hadron[ tracks only][calorimeter only]

to improve the energy flow
resolution, the neutral particle idsuch as γ(π0), neutron, K0L is mostimportant.
(François Richard, LAL Orsay)
this is achieved with fine granular andhermetic calorimeter design.

Patrick Janot(CERN)! Energy Flow = 0.59 E (GeV)(1.2 E (GeV)
if ETOT = EECAL + EHCAL )e/π ratio can be corrected to unity
with software correction(i.e. don't need to construct
Scinti:Pb=1:4 calorimetre for
hardware compensation).
2005.5.7

カロリメーター

12

EM Calorimeters at LEP••

Crystal: BGO(L3), Lead Glass(OPAL)
Sampling: Pb-Gas Chamber(ALEPH), HPC(DELPHI)

ALEPH – fine granular EM calorimeter 3D 3cm×3cm cathode pad (3×73,000 readout cells)
 3 longitudinal segmentation“Position resolution is more
important than energy resolution”(Jacques Lefrançois, Orsay)⇒ Strong impact on physics,ex. τ and B-physics

2005.5.7

カロリメーター13

Calorimeters for high energy particles"EC"E # 10 20 eV"T =absorber mass # 10 8 g"T = 3$10%8 K!

Not measurable!
-> cryogenic detectors!!
PMT

Introduction of sampling
calorimeters using ionizationchambers:

dE
E visible =n(x)dx"dx
2005.5.7

カロリメーター14䠄䠀㞹☚䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䜦䝌䝭䜽ᐁ㥺䚭Liq.Ar and Tile Calorimeters

ID䜊Liq.Ar䛴ㄖ䜅ฝ䛝䜵䞀䝚䝯䜊䜹䞀䝗䜽䛰䛯䛴䛥䜇∸㈻㔖䛒㟸ᖏ䛱ኣ䛊䟺ηࠤ㻔.5䟻䚯

Tile barrel

Tile extended barrel

LAr hadronic
end-cap (HEC)

LAr EM end-cap (EMEC)

LAr EM barrel
LAr forward calorimeter (FCAL)

2005.5.7

カロリメーター16∸㈻㔖䛒㟸ᖏ䛱ኣ䛊䚯හ㒂㣍㊟᳠ฝჹ

2005.5.7

カロリメーター

EndCap䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀(FCAL䛵䚮3.2<η<4.9)

17

ATLAS ᾦమ䜦䝯䜸䝷䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀

2005.5.7

カロリメーター18㻯㼌㼔㼘㼌㼇㻃㻬㼒㼑㼌㼖㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㻦㼋㼄㼐㼅㼈㼕㼖㻔㻜㻚㻗㻝㻃㻺㻑㻺㼌㼏㼏㼌㼖㻃㼄㼑㼇㻃㻹㻑㻵㼄㼇㼈㼎㼄㻃㼌㼑㼗㼕㼒㼇㼘㼆㼈㼇㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㻯㻤㼕㼌㼒㼑㼌㼖㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼆㼋㼄㼐㼅㼈㼕㻃㼄㼖㻃㼗㼒㼗㼄㼏㻃㼄㼅㼖㼒㼓㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼇㼈㼗㼈㼆㼗㼒㼕㻑㻃㻺㻑㻭㻑㻃㻺㼌㼏㼏㼌㼖㻃㻋㻼㼄㼏㼈㻃㻸㻑㻌㻏㻃㻹㻑㻃㻵㼄㼇㼈㼎㼄㻃㻋㻥㼕㼒㼒㼎㼋㼄㼙㼈㼑㻌㻑㻱㼘㼆㼏㻑㻬㼑㼖㼗㼕㼘㼐㻑㻰㼈㼗㼋㻑㻔㻕㻓㻋㻔㻜㻚㻗㻌㻕㻕㻔㻐㻕㻖㻙
Advantages:
 Fine segmentation reduces sampling
fluctuations and yet keeps calorimeter compact
 Very little dead space between towers
 Uniform response due to uniformity in chargecollection
Disadvantages:
 Small amount of charge collected Requires cryogenics (boiling T=87K)
 Needs high purity Liq.Ar (no O2 contamination)
Highly successful technique, frequently used:
R807/ISR , Mark-II, Cello, NA31, VENUS, SLD,
Helios , D0(Tevatron), H1 (HERA), ATLAS(LHC)2005.5.7

カロリメーター

19

ATLASᾦమ䜦䝯䜸䝷䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀㻔㻜㻜㻓㻝㻃㻧㻑㻩㼒㼘㼕㼑㼌㼈㼕㻃㻃㼌㼑㼗㼕㼒㼇㼘㼆㼈㼇㻃㼄㻃㼑㼒㼙㼈㼏㻃㼇㼈㼖㼌㼊㼑䇵㼄㼆㼆㼒㼕㼇㼈㼒㼑䇶㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㻤㻷㻯㻤㻶㻃㼈㼐㼆㼄㼏㼒㼕㼌㼐㼈㼗㼈㼕㻑㻤㼇㼙㼄㼑㼗㼄㼊㼈㼖㻃㼒㼙㼈㼕㻃㼆㼒㼑㼙㼈㼑㼗㼌㼒㼑㼄㼏㻃㼇㼈㼖㼌㼊㼑㻝䇻 㻯㼈㼖㼖㻃㼇㼈㼄㼇㻃㼖㼓㼄㼆㼈㻃㼅㼈㼗㼚㼈㼈㼑㻃㼗㼒㼚㼈㼕㼖䇻 㻥㼈㼗㼗㼈㼕㻃㼘㼑㼌㼉㼒㼕㼐㼌㼗㼜㻃㼒㼉㻃㼕㼈㼖㼓㼒㼑㼖㼈䇻 㻯㼈㼖㼖㻃㼆㼄㼅㼏㼈㼖㻏㻃㼖㼌㼊㼑㼄㼏㼖㻃㼆㼄㼑㻃㼅㼈㻃㼈㼛㼗㼕㼄㼆㼗㼈㼇㼉㼕㼒㼐㻃㼉㼕㼒㼑㼗㻃㼄㼑㼇㻃㼅㼄㼆㼎㻃㼉㼄㼆㼈䇻 㻩㼄㼖㼗㻃㼖㼌㼊㼑㼄㼏㻃㼈㼛㼗㼕㼄㼆㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㻋㻃㻘㻓㻃㼑㼖㻃㻌㻃㼓㼒㼖㼖㼌㼅㼏㼈㼇㼘㼈㻃㼗㼒㻃㼏㼒㼚㻃㼆㼄㼓㼄㼆㼌㼗㼄㼑㼆㼈㻳㼈㼕㼉㼒㼕㼐㼄㼑㼆㼈㻃㼗㼈㼖㼗㼖㻥㻑㻤㼘㼅㼈㼕㼗㻃㼈㼗㻃㼄㼏㻃㻋㻃㻵㻧㻃㻖㻃㻦㼒㼏㼏㻑㻌㻏㻦㻨㻵㻱㻒㻧㻵㻧㻦㻒㻜㻓㻐㻖㻔㻥㻑㻤㼘㼅㼈㼕㼗㻃㼈㼗㻃㼄㼏㻑㻃㻱㻬㻰㻃㻤㻃㻖㻓㻜㻃㻋㻔㻜㻜㻔㻌㻃㻗㻖㻛㻐㻗㻗㻜

2005.5.7

カロリメーター20

Half-barrel (16 modules)

2005.5.7

Endcap (8 modules)

カロリメーター21

EM Calorimeter Performance∸⌦䛴䝝䝷䝅䝢䞀䜳䝿䝛䝱䜿䜽䚭䠚䊲γγ䚮䠆e±᳠ฝჹ䚭… 䠆ඔ㐘ິ㔖䟺E,p䟻 or (t,x)䜘ῼᏽ䛟䜑䛴䛒Ⰳ䛊䚯ౚ䠌Kamiokande
ATLAS Liquid Argon 䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛵䚮䛙䜒䛒ฝᮮ䜑䟵•䇬 䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀ฦよ⬗䇬 みᗐฦよ⬗σ㻒㻨㻠㻔㻓㻈㻒√㻨㻃⊕㻃㻕㻓㻓㻋㻗㻓㻓㻌㻰㼈㻹㻒㻨㻃⊕㻃㻓㻑㻚㻈㻗㻐㻙㻃㼐㼕㼄㼇㻒√㻨㻃㻃䟺ϕ᪁ྡྷ䚮㻰㼌㼇㼇㼏㼈㻃㻯㼄㼜㼈㼕㻋➠䠄ᒒ㻌䟻㻘㻓㻃㼐㼕㼄㼇㻒√㻨㻃㻃䟺η᪁ྡྷ䚮㻶㼗㼕㼌㼓㻎㻰㼌㼇㼇㼏㼈㻃㻯㼄㼜㼈㼕䊲㻽㻃㼙㼈㼕㼗㼈㼛䛴ῼᏽ䟻䇬 ᫤㛣ฦよ⬗䇬 ⢇Ꮔㆉื

㻔㻓㻓㻃㼓㼖㻃㻋㻔㼑㼖㻃㼄㼗㻃㻔㻪㼈㻹㻌㼈㼳㻒㼍㼈㼗㼖㻏㻃γ㻒π㻓㻃㻡㻃㻖㻃㼄㼗㻃㻨㻷㻠㻘㻓㻪㼈㻹䇬 㻯㼌㼑㼈㼄㼕㼌㼗㼜䇬 㻧㼜㼑㼄㼐㼌㼆㻃㼕㼄㼑㼊㼈㻟㻃㻓㻑㻔㻈
㻕㻓㻰㼈㻹㻋㻰㻬㻳⢇Ꮔµ䜈᳠ฝྊ⬗㻌㻃㻐㻃㻕㻷㼈㻹䟺ఴ๨ḗඔ䛰䛯䛴ಘྒ䟻ATLAS Liquid Argon䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䇬 㕼䠁ᾦమ䜦䝯䜸䝷䛴䜹䝷䝛䝮䝷䜴䝿䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䟺䜦䜷䞀䝋䜧䜮䝷ᆵ䟻䇬 㻤㼝㼌㼐㼘㼗㼋㼄㼏み䠏䠄π䟺䜳䝭䝇䜳↋䛝䟻䚮᧻䝭䝘䝋䜧䝊䜧䞀㻃η㻟㻖㻑㻕㻃㻋㻩㻦㻤㻯㻃㻟㻗㻑㻜㻌䜘䜯䝔䞀䚯䇬 㻯㼌㼔㼘㼌㼇㻃㻤㼕㼊㼒㼑䛵䚮㼌㼑㼗㼕㼌㼑㼖㼌㼆䛱㼕㼄㼇㻐㼋㼄㼕㼇䚯䇬 䜦䜷䞀䝋䜧䜮䝷䝿䜼䜮䝥䝌䝮䞀
2005.5.7

カロリメーター22䛰䛢䜦䜷䞀䝋䜧䜮䝷䛰䛴䛑䠑
ᬉ㏳䛱䝕䝭䝰䝯䛱㕼ᯀ䜘୩䛿䛬㼊㼄㼑㼊䛝䛥䛴䛭䛵䚮䝍䝮䝙䝌᫤㛣䛒㛏䛟䛔䜑㻋㻗㻓㻓㼑㼖㻌䚯䊲䚭㻬㼒㼑㼌㼝㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑䛴᭩ิ㻋㻗㻓㻐㻘㻓㼑㼖㻌䛦䛗ㄖ䜅ฝ䛟䟺䟽㼖㼌㼊㼑㼄㼏㻃㼆㼏㼌㼓㼓㼌㼑㼊䟻䚯㻗㻓㻰㻫㼝䛭ㄖ䜅ฝ䛟䚯䝕䝭䝰䝯ㄖ䜅ฝ䛝䛭䛵䚮䜵䞀䝚䝯䛴ᐖ㔖䛰䛯䛴䛥䜇㻶㻒㻱䛒ᝇ䛊䚯䊲䚭䜦䜷䞀䝋䜧䜮䝷䛱䛟䜒䛶䚮䠃䟻䚭๑ᚃ䛑䜏├䛱ㄖ䜅ฝ䛝ྊ⬗䛭䝒䜨䜾䚮ㄖ䜅ฝ䛝䜽䝘䞀䝍䚮䜳䝱䜽䝌䞀䜳䛭ᚋ䛱䛰䜑䚯䠄䟻䚭䝋䝇䝍䜽䝞䞀䜽䜈䛰䛊䚯㻯㼒㼑㼊㼌㼗㼘㼇㼌㼑㼄㼏䛭䠅ᒒㄖ䜅ฝ䛝䟺㻶㼗㼕㼌㼓๑䛑䜏䚮㻰㼌㼇㼇㼏㼈ᚃ䜓䛑䜏㻕㻓㼆㼐䚮㻥㼄㼆㼎ᚃ䜓䛑䜏䟻䚮䃜䛵䠅ᒒ㼊㼄㼑㼊䚮᳠ฝჹ䛴ᐖ㔖䛵䚮䝔䝰䝯୯ᚨ㒂䟺㻟㻓㻑㻛䟻䛭㻶㼗㼕㼌㼓㻠㻕㻘㻓㼓㻩㻏㻃㻰㼌㼇㼇㼏㼈㻠㻔㻖㻓㻓㼓㻩㻏㻃㻥㼄㼆㼎㻠㻖㻓㻓㻐㻔㻓㻓㻓㼓㻩䚯η䛱౪Ꮛ䛝䛰䛊䚯䝕䝭䝰䝯䛦䛮᳠ฝჹ䛴ᐖ㔖䛵䚮඼ᆵⓏ䛱㻔㻓㼑㻩䛕䜏䛊䚯㻨㼑㼇㼆㼄㼓㻃䝓䝍䝱䝷䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛵䚮ᖲ⾔䝛䝰䞀䝌䛒䚮䝕䝭䝰䝯䛱ㄖ䜅ฝ䛟䛴䛭䛵䛰䛕䚮䜻䝮䜦䝯䛱䛝䛬䟺ಘྒ䛵᥾䛟䜑䟻᳠ฝჹ䛴ᐖ㔖䜘΅䜏䛝䛬䛊䜑䟺㻨㻶㻷䠌㼈㼏㼈㼆㼗㼊㼕㼒㼖㼗㼄㼗㼌㼆㻃㼗㼕㼄㼑㼖㼉㼒㼕㼐㼈㼕Ἢ䟻䚯
Ar䛴䝥䝮䝇䝌

•Kr, Xe䛱Ẓ䛿䛬Ꮽ䛊䚯✭Ẵ୯䛱䠃%䚯
•ἓⅤῺᗐ䟺87K, Krypton120K䟻䛒఩䛊䛴䛭

2005.5.7

カロリメーター䜦䜪䝌䜰䜽䟺ಘྒ䜘ᑚ䛛䛕䛟䜑䟻䛒ᑛ䛰䛊䚯•ၛᴏ⏕Liq.Ar䛭Impurity<0.5ppm䛒ྊ⬗䚯•ATLAS䛴ሔྙ䚮᭩ิ䛴4䠂䌝䠇䠂ns䛝䛑ぜ䚭䛰䛊䛴䛭䚮purity䛵ᚉᮮ䛴1/10䛝䛑ၡ㢗䛮䚭䛰䜏䛰䛊䚯
23

EM Liq.Ar䜰䝁䝮䝷䜽䝃䝷䝍䠌sans plomb(↋㕼)Ề⁻䜒䛴䛮䛓䛵Ề㐠ᒁ:plombier

䠃䟻䚭Absorbers䇬 㻕㻑㻕㼐㼐䛴㻳㼅㻋䝭䝊䝷ㄊ㻳㼏㼘㼐㼅㼘㼐䚮䝙䝭䝷䜽ㄊ䛭䛵㻳㼏㼒㼐㼅㻌⷟䛊䜽䝊䝷䝰䜽䝿䜽䝅䞀䝯䝿䜻䞀䝌䛭᥃╌䊲䜦䜷䞀䝋䜧䜮䝷ᆵ䛱ᩒᙟ䚯⦍䛵㻪㻔㻓䝔䞀䛱᥃╌䚯䠄䟻䚭Electrodes䇬 䠅ᒒ䛴㻦㼒䝰䜨䝨䞀䛭ㄖ䜅ฝ䛝䚯㛣䜘䠄ᒒ䛴䠢㼒㼜㼐㼌㼇㼈䛭⤧⦍䚯

䠅䟻䚭Intergap spacers䇬 㻫㼈㼑㼈㼜㼆㼒㼐㼅ᵋ㏸䛴㻱㻲㻰㻨㻻©㻋㻧㼘㻳㼒㼑㼗㻌⣤䚯䝙䜫䝒䞀䝯ᶖ⬙䛒Ί䛜䛩䛬䛊䜑䚯㞹ᴗ䜘䠄䛪䛴䜦䝚䝁䞀䝔䞀㛣䛴୯ᚨ䛱⨠䛕䛥䜇䚯䜽䝕䞀䜳䜊䜻䝫䞀䝌䛱ⱖຘ䛝䛥䚯㻕㻓㻏㻓㻓㻓㼐㻕

2005.5.7

カロリメーター24

Electrodes

B.Aubert et al., NIMA539 (2005)558-594

㻳㼕㼒㼗㼒㼗㼜㼓㼈㻃㻐㻃㻖㻃㼏㼄㼜㼈㼕㻏㻃㻩㼏㼈㼛㼌㼅㼏㼈㻏㻃㼆㼒㼓㼓㼈㼕㻐㼓㼒㼏㼜㼐㼌㼇㼈䚭㻨㼏㼈㼆㼗㼕㼒㼇㼈㼖㻃㻋㻙㻓㼆㼐㻌→䃍㻠㻾㻓㻏㻔㻑㻗㼀䛭䠉䛪ᚪさ䚯㻪㼄㼓䛰䛯ၡ㢗䚯→䠄䛪䛱䛝䛥䚯

㻵㻉㻧䛱ᩐᖳ䚮㻙㻔㻗㻗ᯓ䛴⿿ష䛱䠄ᖳ༖䛑䛑䛩䛥䚯䝭䝣䝑䞀䝌⿿ష䚭᭯Ἁ⿿షᡜ(Arisawa Mfg. Co. Ltd.)㻓㻑㻘㻐㻔㻑㻓㼐㼐䜬䝇䝅䝷䜴㻛㻃㼖㼗㼕㼌㼓㻃→䚭㼐㼌㼇㼇㼏㼈㻃㼆㼈㼏㼏㻫㻹㻃㻐㻃㼆㼈㼏㼏䛚䛮䛱᤻䛗䜑䛙䛮䛒ྊ⬗

Liq.Ar(half-gap)
HV

2005.5.7

カロリメーター

Barrel2.1mm
2kV

Endcap0.9-3.1mm
0.9-2.5kV25᪝ᮇ䛴ᵕ䚱䛰ఌ♣
䛒LHCᐁ㥺䛱㈁⊡2005.5.7

26

Granularity䟺᳠ฝჹ䛴さ⣪䛴ᑚ䛛䛛䟻㻶㼗㼕㼌㼓㻃㻃㻃㻃㻐㻃γ㻒π㻓㻃㼖㼈㼓㼄㼕㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑䛴䛥䜇᭩㐲໩䟺᳠ฝჹ๑䛱㻔㻑㻙㻻㻓䟺୘វ䟻䟻㻃 Δη㻠㻓㻑㻓㻕㻘㻒㻛㻰㼌㼇㼇㼏㼈㻃㻃㻐㻃㻘㻓㻪㼈㻹䜄䛭䛴㼓㼋㼒㼗㼒㼑䜻䝧䝳䞀䜘᳠ฝ㻃
㻃Δη㻠㻓㻑㻓㻕㻘㻥㼄㼆㼎㻃㻃㻃㻃㻐㻃㧏䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀䜻䝧䝳䞀䛮䝓䝍䝱䝷䛮䛴ฦ㞫
㻃Δη㻠㻓㻑㻓㻘㻓

Total ~190k channel(EM, HEC, FCAL)

Trigger Tower䛴ᵋ㏸
η:2x14, ϕ:64ฦ๪䜬䝇䜼(η>1.3 )䛭䛵ᩐ䜘΅䜏䛝䛬䛊䜑䚯

2005.5.7

カロリメーター27

Signal Layer Electrode
Back

24X0

Middle(η~0)

BarrelStrip(Front)

Endcap2005.5.7

カロリメーター28

HV Layer Electrode

HV distribution bus & registers
registerregisterMiddle cell

Strip(Front)

8 Strips2005.5.7

カロリメーター29ಘྒ䛴ㄖ䜅ฝ䛝ᐙ㢗䠌Ionization chamber䛑䜏䛴ಘྒ䟺㞹Ὦ䟻䛵䚮䚭䚭䚭䛰䛢୔みᙟ䛱䛰䜑䛴䛑䠑䚭Ⲭ㞹⢇Ꮔ䛵䚮㣍㊟䛱Ἒ䛩䛬䚭䚭䚭ୌᏽ䛴ionization䜘䛟䜑䛑䜏䚮▬ᙟἴ䛱䛰䜑䛴䛭䛵䠑
2005.5.7

カロリメーター30

The calorimeter electronic chain
Timing Trigger Control (TTC)FRONT END
ELECTRONICS
AMPLI

DETECTORANALOGMEMORY (SCA)

Shaping

Bipolar CR-RC2

12 Bits
ADC

1600
optical
links
Glink

FEB

BACK END
ELECTRONICS
800
Optical
links

ROD

Slink

ROB

LHC䛵䚮25ns䛚䛮䛱⾢✲䛟䜑䛴䛭䚮
450ns䛴ionizationಘྒ䛭䛵㐔䛟䛔䜑䚯䊲䚭᭩ิ䛴50nsᠺฦ䛦䛗ぜ䛬䚮䚭䛈䛮䛵ಘྒ䜘bipolar”䜳䝮䝇䝘䝷䜴”䛟䜑䚯䚭㛏䛊undershootಘྒ䛒䛈䜑䚯

2005.5.7

カロリメーター31

Rad-hard electronics•

Front-end electronics --- front-end crates (high-η,r=2.5m)•

Radiations 1012n/cm2, 30Gy/high lumi. Year䚮䜦䜳䜿䜽ྊ⬗

LVL1 trigger < 75kHz
144-cell Switched-Capacitor Array (SCA)= 7 event buffer (3.6µs )Dead time < 0.5%

2005.5.7

カロリメーター32㻷㼌㼐㼈㻃

㻤㼐㼓㼏㼌㼗㼘㼇㼈㻃㻋∝㻃㻨㼑㼈㼕㼊㼜㻌㻯㼌㼔㻑㻤㼕㻃㻦㼄㼏㼒㼕㼌㼐㼈㼗㼈㼕㻃䜱䝧䝮䝚䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷㻬㼒㼑㼌㼖㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑ಘྒ㻃䞀㻃㻕㻘㼑㼖㻏㻃㻔㻕㻃㼅㼌㼗㻃㻤㻧㻦㻏㻃㻖㼊㼄㼌㼑䛭䜹䝷䝛䝯∸⌦䝋䞀䝃㻝㻃䚭㏳ᖏ㻃䠇䜹䝷䝛䝯㻃㻋䝊䜽䝌䝗䞀䝤䛭䛵㻃䠈䜹䝷䝛䝯㻌䜱䝧䝮䝚䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷ಘྒ㻝㻃᭩ኬ䠅䠄䜹䝷䝛䝯㻃㻋ἴᙟ䜘Ử䜇䜑䛥䜇㻌㻳㼈㼇㼈㼖㼗㼄㼏㻃㼖㼘㼅㼗㼕㼄㼆㼗㼈㼇㻤㻧㻦㻃㼗㼒㻃㻨㼑㼈㼕㼊㼜㻝㻲㼓㼗㼌㼐㼄㼏㻃㻩㼌㼏㼗㼈㼕㼌㼑㼊㻃㻦㼒㼈㼉㼉㼌㼆㼌㼈㼑㼗㼖㻃㻋㻲㻩㻦㻌㻤㻧㻦㻃㼗㼒㻃㻪㼈㻹㻃㻋㻵㼄㼐㼓㻃㼕㼘㼑㼖㻌

2㻳㼈㼇㼈㼖㼗㼄㼏㼖5'$
E = ! Fj % ! a i (ADCi ( P )"j =1
& i =1#㻨㼑㼈㼕㼊㼜
㻋㻯㻤㼕㻵㼄㼚㻦㼋㼄㼑㼑㼈㼏㻌㻵㼄㼚㻃㻶㼄㼐㼓㼏㼈㼖㻋㻯㻤㼕㻧㼌㼊㼌㼗㻌⠾༟䛰䜬䝰䜳䝌䝱䝏䜳䜽䝦䝋䝯䟺㻯㻦㻎㼗㼇㼕㼌㼉㼗䟻䊲䝦䝋䝯䛴䝕䝭䞀䝥䞀䝃䛴Ửᏽ䟺㻩㻩㻷䟻䊲᭩㐲໩䝙䜧䝯䝃䝮䝷䜴౿ᩐ䟺㻲㻩㻦㻌䛴Ửᏽ䊲䜱䝧䝮䝚䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷㻵㻸㻱䟺㼕㼄㼐㼓㻌䜘౐䛩䛬㻤㻧㻦䛑䜏䃒㻤䛱ንᥦ䊲㻰㻦䛑䜏䃒㻤䛑䜏㻰㼈㻹䛱ንᥦ㻳㼈㼇㼈㼖㼗㼄㼏㻃㻋㻳㻌㻃㼇㼈㼗㼈㼕㼐㼌㼑㼈㼇㻃㼌㼑㻃㼓㼈㼇㼈㼖㼗㼄㼏㻃㼕㼘㼑㼖㻏㻃㼚㼕㼌㼗㼗㼈㼑㻃㼗㼒㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼇㼄㼗㼄㼅㼄㼖㼈㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃㼈㼄㼆㼋㻃㼆㼈㼏㼏㻩㼄㼆㼗㼒㼕㻃㻋㻩㻔㻏㻕㻌㻃㼇㼈㼗㼈㼕㼐㼌㼑㼈㼇㻃㼅㼜㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼔㼘㼄㼇㼕㼄㼗㼌㼆㻃㼉㼌㼗㻃㼒㼑㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼕㼄㼐㼓㻃㼕㼘㼑㼖㻃㻋㼌㼑㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㻧㻥㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃㼈㼄㼆㼋㻃㼆㼈㼏㼏㻏㻃㻩㻕㻃㼕㼄㼗㼋㼈㼕㻃㼖㼐㼄㼏㼏㻏㻃㼐㼄㼌㼑㼏㼜㼏㼌㼑㼈㼄㼕㻌㻏㻃㼐㼘㼏㼗㼌㼓㼏㼌㼈㼇㻃㼚㼌㼗㼋㻃㼉㼄㼆㼗㼒㼕㻃㼷㻤㻃㼗㼒㻃㻪㼈㻹㻃㻋㻰㼒㼑㼗㼈㻦㼄㼕㼏㼒㻌㻲㼓㼗㼌㼐㼄㼏㻃㼉㼌㼏㼗㼈㼕㼌㼑㼊㻃㼆㼒㼑㼖㼗㼄㼑㼗㼖㻃㻋㼄㼌㻌㻃㼆㼄㼏㼆㼘㼏㼄㼗㼈㼇㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃㼈㼄㼆㼋㻃㼆㼈㼏㼏㻃㼅㼜㻃㼄㼑㼄㼏㼜㼖㼌㼖㻃㼒㼉㻃㼇㼈㼏㼄㼜㻃㼕㼘㼑㼖
2005.5.733
カロリメーターjCalibration/Physics Pulse Shape Differences
Injection shapes

Different paths

τcali

CAL

fstep
PHYS

≠
Td

∸⌦ಘྒ䛮㍉ḿ䝕䝯䜽䛴㐢䛊䜘⿭ḿ䛟䜑䚯䛮䛬䜈㔔さ䚯

㍉ḿ䝕䝯䜽䛭୔みἴ䛒ష䜒䛰䛊䚯
ᐁ㝷䛴Ionization䝕䝯䜽䚯

Laplace transform:

Predicted & Measured Physics pulse

τcali= exponential decay constantτr = rC

fstep= pulser total resistance fraction

τ0 = √(LC)

Td = drift time
2005.5.7

カロリメーター34

Optimal Filtering Coefficients(OFC)
W.E.Cleland and E.G.Stern, NIM A338(1994)467-497.
https://uimon.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/Atlas/OptimalFiltering

䠇Ⅴ

2005.5.7

カロリメーター

35

Cr
yo
sta
t

LAr System

LAr Electronics & Grounding Scheme

L1-Interface TTC

on

CAN
Interface

USA-15CAN Bus
ELMB PowerV, I, T as digital/binary info

LV-PS

Rack

300VReference/Return Line

380V AC

300V-PS

USA-15

opt. cable
ELMB

270V HEC-PSCAN
CAN BusInterface
ELMB PowerELMB analogue power

USA-15

DigitalRack

USA-15

USA-15-

Purity HV Patch
USA-15
Panel

+ -

-

+

15

AUSA-15-E

USA-15

Purity HV-PS
pos. Voltage

PurityADC - CAN

nd

HV-PS

+

v
Modules

380V AC

Purity HV-PS
neg. Voltage
HV Filter

PurityMonitorInterlock 24 V

Barrel HV gnd. return

HEC - LV

Controller

Mod. Temp

FEC monitor.
monitorCalibration

FEB

LAr Purity

LAr
Temp
Tower Build.

Temp.
Sensor

USA-15

rn

Cr
& yos
D e tatec tsto r
sv

SPAC Master

ELMB Power

Rack

380V ACgnd. retu

Filter Box: FT Heater+ Valve End Switches

CAN BusUSA-15US

opt. cable

FE-crate

ROD

in

opt. cable

HEC LV-PS

ck

Analogue

7 Voltages3 Return Lines

Digital

Ba

Fr
on
t-E
n

d

Analogue

ECs HV

48 V for Heaters,
signal/power lines for Valves

T. Hott 18-02-04

ELMB

Cryo
Control

UX-15-

T. Hott, LAr Inst., 05 Oct. 04

to ECs㻯㻤㼕㻃㻶㼜㼖㼗㼈㼐㻥㼄㼆㼎㻃㻨㼑㼇㻃㻨㼏㼈㼆㼗㼕㼒㼑㼌㼆㼖㻩㼕㼒㼑㼗㻃㻨㼑㼇㻃㻨㼏㼈㼆㼗㼕㼒㼑㼌㼆㼖㻥㼄㼕㼕㼈㼏㻃㻦㼕㼜㼒㼖㼗㼄㼗

2005.5.7

㻨㼑㼇㻃㻦㼄㼓㻃㻦㼕㼜㼒㼖㼗㼄㼗㼖

カロリメーター㻫㻹㻃㻶㼜㼖㼗㼈㼐37

The barrel EM calorimeter is installed in the cryostat. (2003.9)

2005.5.7

カロリメーター

38

ATLAS Solenoid Magnet(KEK, Furukawa, Hitachi, Toshiba )☚ሔ䠏2T䚮䚭⵫✒䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀 38 MJ
䝔䝰䝯ᾦమ䜦䝯䜸䝷䛴䜳䝭䜨䜮䜽䝃䝇䝌(BNL, Kawasaki)䛮ୌమ,䝁䝰䝒䜨䝍 䚭ᾦమ䝜䝮䜪䝤䚭 䚭4.5K
Liq.Ar 40kL䠒ᾦమ✽⣪
89.3K

ATLASᐁ㥺䛴㞹☚䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛵䚮䝁䝰䝒䜨䝍☚▴䟺0.66X0䟻䛴አ䛱䛈䜑䚯䠕䠟䠥䛵䚮ECAL/HCALභ䛱䝁䝰䝒䜨䝍☚▴䟺4T䟻䛴හഁ䛱䛈䜑䚯After insertion of the solenoid, the cold
vessel has been closed and welded. (2004.2.26)
2005.5.7

カロリメーター39㻦㼕㼜㼒㼊㼈㼑㼌㼆㼖•㻃㻩㼒㼘㼕㻃㼋㼈㼄㼗㻃㼈㼛㼆㼋㼄㼑㼊㼈㼕㼖•㻃㻵㼈㼔㼘㼌㼕㼈㼐㼈㼑㼗㻃Δ㻷㻟㻗㻓㻮㻃㼈㼙㼈㼕㼜㼚㼋㼈㼕㼈㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻰㼈㼆㼋㼄㼑㼌㼆㼄㼏㻃㼆㼒㼑㼖㼗㼕㼄㼌㼑㼗㼖㻃㼌㼑㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼇㼈㼗㼈㼆㼗㼒㼕㻃㻋㻔㻔㻓㻃㼗㼒㼑㻌•㻃㻪㼄㼖㻃㻱㻕㻃㼌㼑㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼈㼛㼆㼋㼄㼑㼊㼈㼕㼖㻃㼌㼑㼖㼗㼈㼄㼇㻃㼒㼉㻃㻃㻯㼌㼔㻑㻱㻕㻺㼌㼗㼋㻃㼏㻱㻕㻐㻡㻃㼖㼗㼒㼓㻺㼌㼗㼋㻃㼏㻱㻕
㻦㼒㼑㼇㼈㼑㼖㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑Δ㻷㻟㻔㻓㻮㻃㼄㼆㼋㼌㼈㼙㼈㼇㻺㼌㼗㼋㻃㼊㻱㻕

㻩㼌㼏㼏㼌㼑㼊

㻨㼐㼓㼗㼜㼌㼑㼊
㼄㼑㼇㻃㻺㼄㼕㼐㼌㼑㼊㼘㼓㻦㼒㼒㼏㻃㼇㼒㼚㼑㻒㻺㼄㼕㼐㻃㼘㼓㻃㼏㼄㼖㼗㼖㻃㻖㻓㻃㼇㼄㼜㼖㻏㻃㻓㻑㻕㻮㻒㼋㻏㻃㻚㻑㻛㻃㻪㻭䚭㻋㻠୯ᆵ㌬㻕㻗᫤㛣㐘㌹䛴䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀㻌䝔䝰䝯ᾦమ䜦䝯䜸䝷䟽䝁䝰䝒䜨䝍䚭䜳䝭䜨䜮䜽䝃䝇䝌 䚭UX䠃䠇䝜⛛ິ (2004.10.28)

Move to IP position. (2005.8)
2005.5.7

カロリメーター41㻨㻰㻃㻨㼑㼇㻦㼄㼓㻃㻤㻃㼚㼋㼈㼈㼏㻃㼄㼖㼖㼈㼐㼅㼏㼜㻏㻃㼚㼌㼑㼗㼈㼕㻃䇬㻃㼖㼓㼕㼌㼑㼊㻃㻕㻓㻓㻗

2005.5.7

カロリメーター42

Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS)
SUPERCONDUCTING
COIL

CALORIMETERS 䊰 Solenoid䛴හഁ
ECAL
Scintillating
PbWO4 crystals

HCAL
Plastic scintillator/brass
sandwich

IRON YOKE

TRACKER
Silicon Microstrips
PixelsTotal weight : 12,500 t
Overall diameter : 15 m
Overall length : 21.6 m
Magnetic field : 4 Tesla
2005.5.7

MUON BARREL
Drift Tube
Resistive Plate
Chambers ( DT)Chambers ( RPC)
カロリメーター

MUON
ENDCAPS
Cathode Strip Chambers ( CSC )Resistive Plate Chambers ( RPC )43ຊ㏷ჹᐁ㥺䛭䜎䛕౐䜕䜒䜑䜳䝮䜽䝃䝯䛴≁ᛮ
Because of high resolution andcompactness
widely used in collider experiments:
CUSB (NaI(Tl) +Pb glass ),CLEO II (CsI(Tl),KTEV,BABAR, BELLE, CMS (PbWO4)
PbWO4 signal

䝃䝷䜴䜽䝊䝷䟺W䟻䛦䛮Molière༖ᙼ䟺㞹☚䜻䝧䝳䞀䛴ᶋ᪁ྡྷ䛴䜻䝧䝳䞀䛴ᗀ䛒䜐䟻䛒ᑚ䛛䛊䚯RM=0.0265X0(Z+1.2)䛮⾪䛡䜑䚯W(Z=74, X0=0.35cm)䛮Pb (Z=82, X0=0.56cm)䜘Ẓ䛿䜑䛮
W䛴᪁䛒RM䛵༖ฦ䛕䜏䛊䚯ᐁ㝷䛱䛵䝃䝷䜴䜽䝊䝷䛴Molière༖ᙼ
䛵䚮9mm䚯
2005.5.7

カロリメーター

44

CMS ECAL䚭PbWO461200 barrel crystals

2005.5.7

カロリメーター

14648
endcapcrystals45

PbWO4 Scintillator

2005.5.7

カロリメーター46

ECAL Crystals - critical path㻕㻓㻓㻗ᖳ㻕᭮䛥䛦ୌ䛪䛴䜹䝛䝭䜨䝨䞀㻥㻷㻦㻳㻋㻥㼒㼊㼒㼕㼒㼇㼌㼗㼖㼎㻏㻃㻵㼘㼖㼖㼌㼄㻌䛑䜏஢᭿䛡䛲さị༟౮䛴ቌຊ䚮ୌ䝺᭮䛴⏍⏐㔖㻔㻓㻓㻓䝔䝰䝯䝿䜳䝮䜽䝃䝯䊲䚭㻕㻓㻓㻗ᖳ䠄᭮䛱⏍⏐䛒䜽䝌䝇䝛䚯㻤㻦㻷㻬㻲㻱㻝㻃⏍⏐㛜ጙ䛴䛥䜇䛴௫༝ᏽ䚭䟽䚭௙䛴䜹䝛䝭䜨䝨䞀᥀䛝㻨㻦㻤㻯䝔䝰䝯䚭䠈䠃䟾䠂䠂䠂ᮇ䛴䜳䝮䜽䝃䝯㻃㻥㻷㻦㻳㻃㻐㻃㻗㻔㻏㻓㻓㻓ᮇ㻃㼅㼜㻃㻭㼘㼏㼜㻃㻕㻓㻓㻘㻑ṟ䜐䚭㻥㻷㻦㻳㻃㻎㻃㻶㻬㻦㻋㻶㼋㼄㼑㼊㼋㼄㼌㻏㻃㻦㼋㼌㼑㼄㻏㻃᩺䛝䛊䜹䝛䝭䜨䝨䞀㻌㻃㻋㼡㻕㻔㻮㻃㻎㻔㻑㻚㻃㻮㻃㼅㼄㼕㼕㼈㼏㻃㼆㼕㼜㼖㼗㼄㼏㼖㻃㻎㻃㻔㻘㻮㻃㼈㼑㼇㼆㼄㼓㼖㻌㻑

2005.5.7

カロリメーター

47

Avalanche Photodiode (APD)
Gain variation

Electric Field
Si

p

h+
e

nn
n++

Ar coating
Contact layer
Collection Region
Avalanche regiondM= " M ! 2.2 % / C odTVoltage dependencedM= M ! 3.15 % / V
dV

Drift
Substrate

Quantum Efficiency

Contact layer100+㻪㼄㼌㼑㻃≈㻃㻘㻓㻃㻋㻳㻬㻱䛵㻪㻠㻔㻌㻨㼛㼆㼈㼖㼖㻃㼑㼒㼌㼖㼈㻃㼉㼄㼆㼗㼒㼕㻃≈㻃㻕㻩㻃㻠㻃㼎㻰㻎㻋㻔㻐㼎㻌㻋㻕㻐㻔㻒㻰㻌
2005.5.7

Quantum Efficiency [%]

90
80
70
60
50
40

PbWO4 emission peak

30
20
10
0
300

カロリメーター

400

500

600
700
Wavelength [nm]

800

900

1000

48

Avalanche Photodiode (APD)
Summary of APD parameters
Active Area

5x5 mm2

Operating Voltage @ M=50

~380 V

Capacitance @ M=50

80 pF

Serial Resistance3Ω

Dark Current @ M=50

APDs(barrel)
20< 10 nA

Excess Noise Factor @ M=50

~2

Quantum Efficiency @ 470 nm

80 %dM/dV x 1/M @ M=50

3.0 %/VdM/dT x 1/M @ M=50

-2.4 %/K

2APDs/crystalVPT’s(Endcap)ὶᮿ䝙䜭䝌䝏䜳䜽㻃㻦㼒㼖㼗㻃≈㻖㻓䟷㻒㻤㻳㻧All 130k APDs are delivered.
Endcap 8000 VPTs
2005.5.7

カロリメーター

49

CMS ECAL Assembly

2005.5.7

カロリメーター

50

System aspects

H䊲γγ" M 1 %" E1 " E 2
"$ (
= '
#
#
*
M 2 & E1E2tan($ /2) )

ATLAS

CMS

㼅㼈㼗㼗㼈㼕㻃㼘㼑㼌㼉㼒㼕㼐㼌㼗㼜㻃㼄㼑㼇㻃㻃㼄㼑㼊㼘㼏㼄㼕㻃㼕㼈㼖㼒㼏㼘㼗㼌㼒㼑㼅㼈㼗㼗㼈㼕㻃㼈㼑㼈㼕㼊㼜㻃㼕㼈㼖㼒㼏㼘㼗㼌㼒㼑" E 10% 200(400)MeV=## 0.7%
E
E
E
"# =
!

50mradE!

" E 2.7% 155(210)MeV=## 0.55%
E
E
E

!

!

2005.5.7

カロリメーター52䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀๑䛴∸㈻㔖
ATLAS
ID + Solenoid + Cryostat
H→γγ Photon䛴30%䛒ID䛭convert(Photon conversion length = 9X0/7)

2005.5.7

හ㒂㣍㊟᳠ฝჹ䛴∸㈻㔖䛵䚮ATLAS, CMS䛮䜈䛱䛈䜄䜐ን䜕䜏䛰䛊䚯䝔䝰䝯㒂䟺 η<1.5)䛭䚮0.4~1.4X0.
ATLAS䛴ሔྙ䚮䜳䝭䜨䜮䜽䝃䝇䝌䜊䝁䝰䝒䜨䝍䛴䛥䜇
η=0䛭䜈2X0䛈䜑䛒䚮∸㈻㔖䛴ኣ䛕䛵䝛䝰䜻䝧䝳䞀๑䚯

カロリメーター53โິ㍵ᑏ,ᑊ⏍ᠺ䛴䝮䜯䝔䝮䞀හ㒂㣍㊟᳠ฝჹ䛰䛯䛱䜎䜐䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀๑䛱∸㈻䛒䛈䜑䛮䠀䠀䠀㞹Ꮔ䚭 䞀䚭โິ㍵ᑏ䟺 Bremsstrahlung 䟻䝙䜭䝌䝷䚭 䞀䚭e+e-ᑊ⏍ᠺ

CMS

γ

e

γ

2005.5.7

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54

ᏽᩐ㡧
•
•
•

㧏䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀ᐁ㥺䛭䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛴䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀ฦよ⬗䛴ᏽᩐ㡧䜘䠃䟸௧ୖ䛱ᢪ䛛䛎䜑䛴䛵⮫㞬䛴ᴏ䟵䟺௑䜄䛭䛱䛈䛩䛥䠑䟻䜦䝌䝭䜽ᐁ㥺䛭䚮H䊲γγ䜘ふῼ䛟䜑䛱䛵䚮0.7%䟺CMS 0.55%䟻௧ୖ䛴ᐁ⌟䛒୘ྊḖ䚯䛛䜄䛜䜄䛰䚮䜬䝭䞀䛴䝁䞀䜽䛒䛈䜑䚯䇬 ᳠ฝჹ䛴ᚺ➽䟺㼊㼈㼒㼐㼈㼗㼕㼜䟻䚮䝥䜯䝏䜳䜽䟺㼄㼅㼒㼖㼒㼅㼈㼕ཉ䟻䚮䜱䝧䝮䝚䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷䛴୘ᏽᛮ䟺ୌᵕᛮ䛴ㄏᕣ䟻䚮Ὼᗐ౪Ꮛᛮ䚮䜻䝧䝳䞀䛴⁻䜒䚮㼈㻒㼋Ẓ䚭㼈㼗㼆㻑ATLAS EM Liq.Ar Calorimeterσ E /E=10%/√E ⊕ 200(400)MeV/E ⊕ 0.7%
ᏽᩐ㡧0.7%䜘ᐁ⌟䛟䜑䛱䛵䠑

2005.5.7

カロリメーター55

Calibration in situ
ATLAS䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀ฦよ⬗䛵䝦䝋䜽䝌䛦䛒䚮䜱䝧䝮䝚䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷䛵㞬䛝䛕䛰䛊䟵• ᳠ฝჹ䛵䚮”by construction”䛭

•ᆍୌ<0.5%䚭ΔηxΔφ=0.2x0.4(128middle cell), 440䜿䜳䝃䞀䛈䜑(|η|<2.5)䚯
Z䛴㈻㔖䛴ᮨ⦙᮪௲䛭䚮䝌䝭䝇䜳䛴᝗ሒ↋䛝䛱0.4%䛴inter-calib.䛒
ྊ⬗䟺Low Lumi. 48᫤㛣䚮1Hz䟻䚯

CMS䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀ฦよ⬗䛵Ⰳ䛊䛒䚮䜱䝧䝮䝚䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷䛒㞬䛝䛊䟵• Lab.(Laser, Sources…) >6%• ධ㒂䛴䜳䝮䜽䝃䝯䜘䝗䞀䝤䝊䜽䝌䛟䜑䛴䛵↋⌦䚯
㻬㼑㻃㼖㼌㼗㼘䛭ୌ䛪ୌ䛪㼌㼑㼗㼈㼕㻃㼆㼄㼏㼌㼅㻑䛒ᚪさ䚯• W→eν䚭Low Lumi. 2䝺᭮䛭0.5%• Z→ee䛭Absolute scale䜘ᚋ䜑䚯㼡㻃㻔㻓㻘㻃㻃㻽→㼈㼈㻃㻃㼈㼙㼈㼑㼗㼖㻃㻃㻋㼉㼈㼚㻃㼇㼄㼜㼖㻃㼒㼉㼇㼄㼗㼄㻃㼗㼄㼎㼌㼑㼊㻃㼄㼗㻃㻕㻃㼛㻃㻔㻓㻖㻖㻌㻦㼗㼒㼗㻃㻠㻃㻓㻑㻘㻈㻃⊕㻃㻓㻑㻗㻈㻃㻠㻃㻓㻑㻚㻈㻺㼒㼕㼖㼗㻃㼆㼄㼖㼈㻃㻋㼑㼒㻃㼆㼒㼕㼕㼈㼆㼗㼌㼒㼑㼖㻌㻦㼗㼒㼗㻃㻠㻃㻔㻑㻖㻈㻃⊕㻃㻔㻑㻘㻈㻃㻠㻃㻕㻈
2005.5.7

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Test Beam䛴⤎ᯕ
1 barrel module:Δη x Δϕ = 1.4 x 0.4≡~ 3000 channelsηϕ䇵㻲㼑㻐㼏㼌㼑㼈䇶㻃㻃㻃㼘㼑㼌㼉㼒㼕㼐㼌㼗㼜㻃㻝㻃㼡㻃㻔㻑㻖㻈㻃㻸㼑㼌㼉㼒㼕㼐㼌㼗㼜㻃㼄㼉㼗㼈㼕㻃㼆㼒㼕㼕㼈㼆㼗㼌㼒㼑㼖㻃㻋㼈㻑㼊㻑㻃㼒㼓㼗㼌㼐㼄㼏㻃㼉㼌㼏㼗㼈㼕㼌㼑㼊㻌㻃㻃㻝㻃㼡㻃㻓㻑㻚㻃㻈㻸㼑㼌㼉㼒㼕㼐㼌㼗㼜㻃㼄㼉㼗㼈㼕㻃㼆㼒㼕㼕㼈㼆㼗㼌㼒㼑㼖㼒㼙㼈㼕㻃Δη×Δϕ㻃㻠㻃㻓㻑㻕㻃㼛㻃㻓㻑㻗㻃㻝㻃㼡㻃㻓㻑㻘㻈

245GeV㞹Ꮔ䝗䞀䝤䛾䛴ᚺ➽䠌0.57%䛭ୌᵕ
2005.5.7

カロリメーター57

Absober/Gap thickness
ATLAS Liq. Ar 䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀㕼䟺Absorber䟻䛴ཉ䛛䛒ᏽᩐ㡧䛱ຝ䛕䟵ཉ䛛䜘10µm௧ୖ䛴⢥ᗐ䛭䜷䝷䝌䝱䞀䝯䚯䊲䚭ᏽᩐ㡧<0.18%

2005.5.7

カロリメーター58Ὼᗐ౪ᏋᛮATLAS

CMS• Liq.Ar䛑䜏䛴ಘྒ䛴Ὼᗐ౪Ꮛᛮ䛵䚮 • PbWO4+APD䛴Ὼᗐ౪Ꮛᛮ䛵䚮-2%/K䚯⌦⏜䛵䚮
䚭1/3 from argon density

䚭䚭2/3 from drift velocity variations•••

᭩ิ䛴50ns䛝䛑䜹䝷䝛䝯䛝䛬䛊䛰䛊䛥䜇ၡ㢗䛮䛰䜑䚯(L.Serin, LAL 04-28, 2004)⇍䛵䚮2.5kW/cryostat, front-end
electronics~250kW.
EMධమ䛴Ὼᗐฦᩋ䛵±0.15ᗐ௧ୖ䟺᭯㝀さ⣪Ἢよᯊ䟻䛒ྊ⬗䚯
300䝺䛴䝛䝱䞀䝚䛭Ὼᗐ䜘10mK䛴⢥ᗐ䛭ῼᏽ䚯

2005.5.7•-4.3%/K䚭䟺䜳䝮䜽䝃䝯-2.4%/䉔䚮
APD-1.9%/䉔䚯㏣䛦䛩䛥䜏⮤ິ⿭ർᆵ䛴䛟䛶䜏䛝䛊EM䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛒ฝᮮ䛥䛴䛱䟵䟻
Front-end electronics 2W/ch,䝌䞀䝃䝯䛭160kW䛴⇍䛒ၡ㢗䚯• Ề෫䟾䠅ᒒ䛴⇍䜻䞀䝯䝍䛭䚮䜳䝮䜽䝃䝯හ䛵±0.05ᗐ䛱䛟䜑䚯

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59

PbWO4 ක㔖䛴ᨲᑏ⥲౪Ꮛᛮ•••

㛏᭿Ⓩ䛰⪇ᨲᑏ⥲≁ᛮ䛵OK䚯䛝䛑䛝䚮ක㔖䛒▯᭿㛣䛴఩䝰䝝䝯䛰ᨲᑏ⥲㔖䟺grays/hour䟻䛱౪Ꮛ䛟䜑䛙䛮䛒ฦ䛑䛩䛥䚯䜯䝭䞀䜿䝷䝃䞀䛴ྺ཭䛒ཋᅄ䚯䝮䜯䝔䝮䞀ࠤᩐ᫤㛣䚯౪Ꮛᛮ䛒䠈䟸௧ୖ䛱䛰䜑䜎䛌䛱䚮㔖⏐䛴䜳䜭䝮䝊䜧䞀䝿䜷䝷䝌䝱䞀䝯䚯䝰䞀䜺䞀䝿䜻䜽䝊䝤䟺λ=440nm䟻䛭ක㔖䜘䝦䝏䝃䞀䛟䜑䚯䊲䚭䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀ฦよ⬗䚭ᏽᩐ㡧<0.4%

2005.5.7

カロリメーター60䠅䠀䝓䝍䝱䝷䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀

Higgs via Vector Boson Fusion
ATLAS
Endcap Hadron Calorimeter
HEC 1.5<η<3.2
FCAL 3.2< η<4.9

2005.5.7

カロリメーター62㻦㼒㼐㼓㼈㼑㼖㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑䟺⿭ർ䟻䝓䝍䝱䝷䜻䝧䝳䞀䛴ኬ䛓䛰䜌䜏䛔䊰䚭㞹☚䜷䝷䝡䞀䝑䝷䝌π㻓㻏㻃㼈㼗㼆㻑㻑ぜ䛎䛰䛊䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀㼑㼘㼆㼏㼈㼄㼕㻃㼈㼛㼆㼌㼗㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㼖㻏㻃µ㻏㻃ν

e
e
mip
=
h f rel + f p + f n
rel
p
n
mip
mip
mip

䝓䝍䝱䝷䛑䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛱䛐䛊䛬䚮㞹☚䜻䝧䝳䞀䛮䝓䝍䝱䝷ཬᚺ䛾䛴ᚺ➽䛒ྜྷ䛞䟺㼈㻒㼋㻠㻔䟻䛭䛰䛊䛮䚮୕オ䛴䜎䛌䛰䜌䜏䛔䛱䜎䜐䚮䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀ฦよ⬗䛒ᝇ䛕䛰䜑䚯
⿭ർᆵ䛴䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛴ᐁ⌟㻔㻜㻛㻚㻝㻃㻵㻑㻺㼌㼊㼐㼄㼑㼖㻃䛒䜪䝭䝷௧አ䛭䜈䝕䝭䝥䞀䝃䞀䜘䝅䝩䞀䝷䛟䜒䛶䚮⿭ർᆵ䛴䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛒ᐁ⌟ྊ⬗䛭䛈䜑䛙䛮䜘ᣞᦤ䛝䛥䚯
R.Wigmans NIM A259 (1987),389-429
H.Brueckmann et al., NIM A263 (1988) 136-149

2005.5.7

㻐㻡㻃㼅㼜㻃㼆㼋㼒㼒㼖㼌㼑㼊㻃㼄㼓㼓㼕㼒㼓㼕㼌㼄㼗㼈㻃㼖㼄㼐㼓㼏㼌㼑㼊㻃㼉㼕㼄㼆㼗㼌㼒㼑㻝! 㻃㻃㻃㻃㻵 㻠㻃㼗㼋㼌㼆㼎㼑㼈㼖㼖㻃㼄㼅㼖㼒㼕㼅㼈㼕㼇㻃㻃㻃㻃㻒㻃㼗㼋㼌㼆㼎㼑㼈㼖㼖㻃㼖㼆㼌㼑㼗㼌㼏㼏㼄㼗㼒㼕㻃㻃㻃㻃㻸㻃㻝㻃㻃㻶㼆㼌㻃㻔㻝㻔㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻵㼇㻠㻔㻃㻃㻃㻃㻳㼅㻃㻝㻃㻶㼆㼌㻃㻗㻝㻔㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃㻵㼇㻠㻗㻃㻃㻃㻃㻩㼈㻃㻝㻃㻶㼆㼌㻃㻔㻘㻝㻔㻃㻃㻃㻵㼇㻠㻔㻘-> Liq.Ar䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛭䛵⿭ർᆵ䛱ฝᮮ䛰䛊䚯䊲䚭䝁䝙䝌䛱䜎䜐weight䜘䛑䛗䜑䚯

カロリメーター

63

Parametres of Hadron/Forward Calorimeters2005.5.7

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64

ATLAS Barrel Hadron Calorimeter
O.Gildemeister proposed a novel
structure TILECAL for the ATLAS
hadr. calo.
• Scint. Tiles run parallel to particles• Cheap and hermetic construction• Projective geometry• Depth sampling (3x)PMT

WLS fiber㻶㼈㼊㼐㼈㼑㼗㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑Δη×Δϕ㻠㻓㻑㻔㼛㻓㻑㻔㻙㻗㻃㻰㼒㼇㼘㼏㼈㼖㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃㻦㼈㼑㼗㼕㼄㼏㻃㻥㼄㼕㼕㼈㼏㻙㻗㻃㻰㼒㼇㼘㼏㼈㼖㻃㼈㼄㼆㼋㻃㼉㼒㼕㻃㻕㻃㻨㼛㼗㼈㼑㼇㼈㼇㻃㻥㼄㼕㼕㼈㼏

2005.5.7

Tile

カロリメーター65

2005.5.7

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66

ATLAS Tile Calorimeter㻳㼕㼒㼆㼈㼖㼖㻃㻔㻓㻏㻓㻓㻓㻃㻳㻰㻷㻃㼖㼌㼊㼑㼄㼏㼖㻃㼉㼕㼒㼐㻫㼄㼇㼕㼒㼑㼌㼆㻃㻷㼌㼏㼈㻃㻦㼄㼏㼒㼕㼌㼐㼈㼗㼈㼕㻃㻋㻷㼌㼏㼈㻦㼄㼏㻌䇻䇻䇻㻨㼏㼈㼆㼗㼕㼒㼑㼌㼆㼖㻃㼏㼒㼆㼄㼗㼈㼇㻃㼌㼑㻃㻕㻘㻙䇵㼇㼕㼄㼚㼈㼕㼖䇶䇬 㻸㼓㻃㼗㼒㻃㻗㻘㻃㻳㻰㻷䇲㼖㻒㼇㼕㼄㼚㼈㼕㻔㻙㻃㼅㼌㼗㻃㼇㼜㼑㼄㼐㼌㼆㻃㼕㼄㼑㼊㼈䇬 㻸㼓㻃㼗㼒㻃㻕㻃㻷㼈㻹㻃㼌㼑㻃㼄㻃㼖㼌㼑㼊㼏㼈㻃㼆㼈㼏㼏䇬 㻧㼒㼚㼑㻃㼗㼒㻃㻖㻓㻃㻰㼈㻹㻃㼓㼈㼕㻃㼆㼈㼏㼏ᘤ䛓ฝ䛝 ୯䛾䜽䝭䜨䝍䛛䛡䜑㻰㼘㼖㼗㻃㼖㼈㼈㻃㼐㼘㼒㼑㼖㻃㻣㻃㻖㻘㻓㻃㻰㼈㻹㻒㼆㼈㼏㼏㼉㼒㼕㻃㻦㼄㼏㼌㼅㼕㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻏㻃㼐㼒㼑㼌㼗㼒㼕㼌㼑㼊㻏㻃㼈㻐㻃㻬㻧

Electronics drawers housing the full chain
from PMTs to digitizers, controls and HV2005.5.7

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ALTAS Barrel HCAL PMT

Hamamatsu R5900 PMT

Kuraray Y11 WSL fibres bundle
䊲䚭PMT

2005.5.7









カロリメーター

Tile+PMT: >>50 pe/GeV
Photocathode 18x18 mm2 (bialkali)
300 to 650 nm, max @ 420nm
8 dynodes
Dark current ~ 100pA@680V
t_rise=1.4 ns, width 3.4ns, t_decay=3.3ns
Small sensitivity to B & T (0.25%/°C)
68Liq.Ar Hadronic Endcap Calorimeters
Hadronic EndCap Calorimeter (HEC)

Assembly of the first HEC wheel (horizontal)

HEC 1 (front wheel):
32 modules/wheel: 67 tonnes,
0.82m high, 4 m diameter
module: 24x8.5mm gaps +(1x12.5+24x25)mm Cu plates
HEC 2 (rear wheel):
32 modules/wheel: 90 tonnes, 0.96m
high, 4 m diameter
module: 16x8.5mm gaps +(1x25+16x50)mm Cu plates
EST: insulating layer sandwiched between 2highly resistive layers
PAD: Cu readout sandwiched between two
insulators with HRL

Granularity:η<2.5: Δη×Δϕ = 0.1 x 0.1
η>2.5: Δη×Δϕ = 0.2 x 0.2
2005.5.7

カロリメーター69

Liq.Ar Forward Calorimeters䇻㻷㼄㼊㻃㼉㼒㼕㼚㼄㼕㼇㻃㼍㼈㼗㼖㻃η=[3.2,4.9]䇻㻰㼈㼄㼖㼘㼕㼈㻃㼐㼌㼖㼖㼌㼑㼊㻃㻨㻷~ 40Mhz~ 108 GeV/cm2/s at η=4.5~ 106 Gy/year~ 100 Watts absorbed

2005.5.7! ET( ) " 10%ET

FCAL 1- Cu matrix + rods
- 2.6 λ, 28X0 , 2.1
FCAL 2
FCAL 3- W matrix + rods, Cu tubes- each ~ 3.7 λ, 90 X0 , 4 t

FCAL module during insertion of W rods
70
カロリメーター

HCAL
Had Barrel: HB
Had Endcaps:
HE
Had Forward: HF
Had Outer: HO

Tail catcher

H
O
HB

HE

H
F
2005.5.7

カロリメーター71ஐ㔓䛛䜙䟺䝥䝮䞀䝭䝷䝍ኬ䟻

HCAL-Absorbers Complete
HB
HE

HF

2005.5.7

カロリメーター73

LHCb Calorimeters
Scintillator Pad Detector / Preshower

Shashlik EM Calorimeter

HCAL - Tile Calorimeter2005.5.7

カロリメーター74

ALICE Calorimeters
ACCORDE
HMPID

TOF
TRD
TPC

PHOS EM Calorimeter(PbWO4, Apatity/Russia)

PMD

PHOS

PWO with APD/CSP
ITSMuon arm

Universities of Hiroshima, Tokyo, Tsukuba (Japan) * Associate Institutes
 TRD, PHOS䚭䛱ཤຊ䠑
2005.5.7

カロリメーター75䠆䠀䜄䛮䜇
•㧏䜬䝑䝯䜲䞀ᐁ㥺䛭䛵䚮䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䛒䜄䛟䜄䛟㔔さ䛱䛰䜑䚯䇬 䜯䝱䝮䝥䞀䝃䞀䚭σ㻒㻨㻠㼄㻒√㻨⊕㼅㻃㻃㼙㻑㼖㻑㻃䚭㣍㊟᳠ฝჹ㻃σ㻋㻔㻒㼓㻷㻌㻠㼄⊕㼅㻒㼓㻷

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LHC䛭䛵㟸ᖏ䛱䝅䝧䝰䝷䜼䝷䜴䚯≁䛱Liq.Ar䛮PbWO4
䇬 㻪㼕㼄㼑㼘㼏㼄㼕㻃㼄㼑㼇㻃㼋㼈㼕㼐㼈㼗㼌㼆㻃㼆㼄㼏㼒㼕㼌㼐㼈㼗㼈㼕㻃㼚㼌㼗㼋㻃㼊㼒㼒㼇㻃㼘㼑㼌㼉㼒㼕㼐㼌㼗㼜㻒㼕㼈㼖㼒㼏㼘㼗㼌㼒㼑㻑䇬 ⪇ᨲᑏ⥲
䇬 䜱䝧䝮䝚䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷䚭㼌㼑㻃㼖㼌㼗㼘㻃㻺→㼈ν㻏㻃㻽→㼈㼈㻏㻃㻽㻎㼍㼈㼗㼖㻏㻃㻺→㼍㼍㻃㼌㼑㻃㼗㼗㻑•䝅䝧䝷䜽䟺䝡䜽䝍䜳䠑䟻䛒䛈䛩䛥䜏䚮᫕㟸䜷䝭䝠䝰䞀䜻䝫䝷䛱ཤຊ䛝䛬ୖ䛛䛊䚯䇬 ᘋス䛵⤂஡䛝䛑䛗䛬䛊䜑䛒䚮ᐁ㝷䛴䝋䞀䝃䛭スゝ䛝䛥ᛮ⬗䜘ฝ䛟䛙䛮䛒㔔さ䚯

2005.5.7

カロリメーター76