r;./NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN TIPULIDAE FROMCHIRIQIII, PANAMA(Order Diptera)I
Cnenrps P. AlpxrNoen,
Amherst, Massachusetts

The crane-flies discussed herewith were collected in September, 1932, by Mr. \M. K. A. Lawlor. They ltrere taken not
far from Boquete, chiefly at the Finca Parada (4,450 ft.),
Finca Palo Alto (4,700 ft.) and Finca Lerida (5,300-7,000 ft.).
Types and representatives of all species are preserved in mycollection. In addition to the species discussed, a few otherforms were included in the series, such material not being
further identifiable at this time.
1. Tanypremna opilio O. S.
7 &, Finca Parada, September 12, L932
2. Limonia (Limonia) lawlori sp. n.
General coloration of mesonotum and abdominal tergites darkbrown; halteresobscureyellow, the knobs dark brown; femora brownish
black, the basespaler; remainder of legs black; wings brownish yellow,
variegatedby cleareryellow and dark brown areas;vein,Scz*Rr strongly
arched oppositefork of J?s.
Female.-Length, about 9 mm.; wing, 10.5mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae black throughout; terminal
segment very elongate and strongly constricted at midlength, about
twice as long as the penultimate; longest verticils of flagellum exceeding
the segments,unilaterally arranged. Head black.
Pronotum and mesonotum uniformly dark brown, the surface
weakly polished, the scutellum and postnotum weakly pruinose. Pletlra
chiefly obscure yellow, the pleurotergite brown. Halteres obscureyellow, the knobs brown. Legs with the coxaeand trochanters yellowl
femora brownish black, the basesrestrictedly obscureyellow; remainderof legsblack. Wings with the ground-colorbrownish yellow, variegatedby clear pale yellow or whitish yellow and dark brown areas;the yellow
markings occur before and beyond the stigma, along Rs and in cells R6,
1stM2,?nd Mz and M* the dark brown areasinclude the stigma and aconfluent area on anterior cord, with smaller areas at origin of Rs,
tip of 5'c and as marginal clouds at ends of longitudinal veins, larger atlContribution
College.

from the Entomological

55

Laboratory,

Massachusetts Stateao

Annals EntomologicalSocietyof America [Vol. XXVII,

ends of veins & and &+s i narrow dark searnsalong cord and outer endof cell lst Mzi outer portions of cells Rz and Rs strongly infuscated, theextremg margin fading to obscure yellow.
Stigmal atea with about-Scr
30 trichia on membrane. Venation:
ending just beforethree-fourths
the length of Rs, Sa2at its tip; Rs angulated at origrn; vein Scz*Rrstrongly_arched opposite level of fork of Rs,' free tip of Scz strongly
arcuatedi rn-cu at fork of.M; inner cell of lst Mz arcualed.
Abdominal tergites uniformly brownish black; sternites obscurebrownish yellow, the baseswith a narrow darker ring. Ovipositor with
cerci small, slender, strongly upcurved
Hasrter:

Panama (Chiriqui).

Holotype, g, Finca Lerida,

5,300ft., September11, 1932 (Lawlor).
I take great pleasure in dedicating this fine species to thecollector, Mr. trV. K. A. Lawlor, who secured many notable
Tipulidae in Chiriqui. The species is allied to Limonia(Limonia) roraime Alexander and L. (L.) sanct@-rnartaAlexander, of northern South America, differing very conspicuously
in the details of coloration of body and legs. The wing-venationand pattern is rather similar in the three species and theaffinities seem certain. The present fly differs from the othertwo speciesin the uniform dark brown mesonotum, uniforml-r:
darkened abdominal tergites and the darkened femora.
3. Limonia (Limonia) ludibunda Alex.
2 d &, I g ; Finca Lerida, 5,350-6,200 ft., September L4,
L932.
Condition poor. Smaller than the type from Chiapas,
Mexico, but hypopygium identical. (IVIale.-Wing, 5.2-5.3 mm.
Femal,e.-'W'ing, 5.5 mm.).
4. Limonia (Limonia) melaxantha sp. n.
General coloration pale green; front and anterior vertex silvery; anarrow blackish median stripe on pronotum and most of praescutum;
halteres green; middle and hind femora black except at extreme bases,
with about the distal half yellow; posterior tibiae black with a broad,obscure yellow, subbasal tirg; wings cream-yellow, the anterior bordermore saturated, the disk with restricted brownish black markings,
including a cornmon areaat end of Sc and origin of Rs,'origin of Rs very
sharply bent.
Female.-Length, about 7 mm.; wing, 6.5 mm.
Rostrum moderately long, about one-half the remainder of head,
black; palpi black. Antennaewith scapeblack, pedicelbrown; flagellum
gteenish; basal flagellar segmentsnearly globular, the outer passlng tooval; terminal segment subequal to penultimate. Front and anterior

1e341

Alexand,er: Tipulidae from PanamaDIvertex silvery, the latter nalrower than diameter of scape; remainderof head dark brown.
Pronotum black medially,-a greenish laterally. Mesonotum lightgreen, the praescutum withmedian black stripe that is graduJlly
narrowed behind, at midlength of sclerite becoming capill^ry, obsolete
before the suture. Pleura light green. HaltereJ pale green. Legs
with coxae and trochanters gr-een;-femorawith extrbme bases yellow,
more extensive on posterior pair; remainder of basal half of lemora
black, the entire outer half paling to yellow; fore and middle tibiae
and tarsi black, posterior tibiae black, with an obscure yellow subbasal
ring that includes about one-fourth the length of the- segment; tarsi
black. Wings pale cream-yellow, the prearcular region, c-ostal borderand narrow apical portion more saturated yellow; restricted but conspicuous brownish black marks, as follows: Arculus; a linear transverse
area extends from C across tip of Sc1,Sc2and origin of Rs,. a smallera\e?in stigmal field, including free tip of Sczand Rz, a small spot at tipof Rr; narronr brown seamsalong cord, outer end of cell ./sl iZr, tips ofouter medial veins and a broad seam on distal fourth of vein gia A;
veins pale yellow, darker in the clouded areas; saturated yellow seams
to anterior cord, vein Cu and the axilla. Venation: Sc very short, Sc1
ending just beyond origin of Rs, Scznot far from its tip; free tip of ^Sc2
in.approximate transverse alignment with Rr,. Rs very sharply bent atorigin, tJre extreme base lyttrg slightly distad of the bend: m-ci subequal
to distal section of Cu1,closeto fork-of.M.
Abdomen pale green. ovipositor with cerci slender,upcurved.

Hrsrrar: Panama (Chiriqui). Holotype, g, Finca Lerida,
5,400 ft., September 13, 1932 (Lawlor).
Limonia (Limonia) melaxantha is most nearly allied to
species such as L. (L.) osterhouti Alex. (Panama) and L, (L.)
repanda Alex. (Ecuador), with Sc so short as to end approximately opposite the origin of Rs,' the latter is bent strongly at
origin, in the present form and in repanda. the base being
actually directed somewhat proximad, the origin lying justdistad of the point of angulation. The rather remarkableleg-pattern will serve readilv to separate the present fly fromother allied species. It seems probable that the conspicuous
pale green body tints of the type will fade to a straw-yellow as
the specimen ages.
5. Lirnonia (Limonia) pampoecilaAlex.
Described from Costa Rica. 1 g, Finca Parada, 4,450 ft.,
September 11, 1932. I have also seen the fly from the Lower
Paramo Zone, Silla de Caracas, Venezuela, 2,800 meters,
December2L, 1930 (J. G. Myers).

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Annals EntornologicalSocietyof America [Vol. XXVII,

6. Limonia (timonia) perflaveolaAlex.
Described from Mexico. I &, Finca Parada, 4,450 ft.,
September 11, L932. This is probably only subspecificallydistinct from L. (L.) alfaroi (Alex.).
7.

Limonia (Neolimnobia) diva (Schin.)widespread in the Neotropics. L d, Finca palo Alto,
4,700 ft., September L2, lg32; t g, Finca Lerida, b,400 ft.,
September 13, 1932. "This had green meso- and metapleura,green halteres, greefl abdomen. green coxae, brown femora,
tibiae and tarsi."-\M. K. A. Lawlor.
8. Limonia (Peripheroptera)atrosignatasp. n.
Mesothorax reddish orange, the praescutum with a black triangle
on anterior Part of praescutu-; anterior lateral angle of scutum witli a
Fl".F spoli feryora yellow, the tips blackened;wingl with costal border
blackenep-,thls color continued io wing-tip or st[rrtly beyond, cell C
being uniformly darkenedl narrow darkler-s on c-ord-andbutei end ofcell lst Mz.
Male.-Lqngth, about 6.5 mm.; wing, g.6 mm.
Female.-Length, about 6 mm.; \Ming,6 mm.
Rostrum and palpi b1a9k. Antenliae black throughout. Head.
black, the anterior vertex with a reddish spot on either Jia" "ajoi"il;the.eyes;occipital region tinged *i!h reddish, in female more ""iior-ti
darkened; anterior vertex (c/) relatively wide, subequal to width ofanterior end of pronotum
Pronotum black dorsally, yellowish on sides. Mesonotum reddish
orang€' variegated vrith black, including a triangular median line on
anteriorP?r! of praescutumand roundedlpots at Suter cephaiicportionof scutal lobes. Pleura uniformly reddish orange. Haiteres obscureyellow, the knobs darkened. Legs $rith coiae reddish orange;
trochanters yellow; femora yellow, the tips narrowly but conspicuoully
bl.ackened,thg aryoun! subequal9n a1l1"d.; tibiae tigtrt
brown to brown,-wingsthe tips pqr.ilg into browniih black; tarsi black.
showing theusual sexualdifferencesof the subgenus;in both sexes,thle ground-"color
i9 1ellov1sh, the costal border to vring-1ip blackened,ceil Z ""if"*ritdarkened; a conspicuogsdark area ai aiculus and oihers in regiotr of
stigma, alorrg cord and outer end of cell lst Mzi wing-border,"asfar
caudad and basa4.: lip of v-ein of.Cn narrowly and valuely darkened;
cell Sc is largely brighter yellow, variegated bi dark aieas-at end andFv p conspicuoussearnat Sc2;in male, cell Rr ii similarly bright yellow,
in female more suffusedwith brown; veins brownish yetto*l daiker inthe clouded areas. Venation: Male with preareular iells of mod.eratesize,.beilg about two-thirds the length of c-ellR,'inner endsof cells Rs,-Rs, lst Mz and tr(a-nearly in transverse alignment; cel! ?nd A very
parroli f_.*ul" *i!h prearcular region much shorter; .Rs short, mucir
lessthan basal section of &+si cell 7nd A a little wider than in male.

19341

Alexander: Tipulidaefrom Panama

59

Abdomenchiefly reddish yellow, the segmentsnarrowly borderedlateraily by brownish black; hypopygiumwith ventral dististyles
dusky; subterminalsegmentsof femaleblackened. Male hypopygiumwith rostralprolongationshort,with two spinesof moderatesize.
Hesrrer: Panama (Chiriqui) . Holoty/e, d, Finca Parada,
4,450 ft., Septembert2, 1932 (Lawlor). AllotopotyQe',I .
The nearestally of the presentfly is Limonia (Peripheroptera)eudora,(Alex.) of Peru, which is readilv told by the broad darkcaudal margin of the wing. By my key to the species ofPeripheroptnra(Ent. News, 24: 409; 1913) the speciesruns to
L. (P.) schineri (O. S.) of Brazil, an entirely distinct fly. The
present insect is further told from all previously describedforms
by the uniformly blackenedcostal cell of the wings.
9. Limonia (Rhipidia)flabelliformissp. n.
General coloration yellow; antennae (e) bipectinate, with ten
long-branched segments; pleura obscure yellow, with a conspicuous
dark brown longitudinal stripe; tarsi black; wings creamy, with a dark
costal pattern, the areas subequal in extent to the interspaces; abdominal
segments bicolorous; male h.vpopygium with the ventromesal lobe ofbasistyle long and conspicuous.
Male.-Length,7.5-8 rnm.; wing, 7-7 .2 mm.; antenna, about
4 rnm.
Fernale.-Length, 6.5-T.5 mm. ; wing, 7-8 mm.
Male.-Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae elongate, the scapeand pedicel, together with the basal enlargements and branches of theflagellar segments, black; apical pedicels of all flagellar segments lightyellow; terminal segment uniformly blackened; flagellar segments
two to eleven, inclusive, long-bipectinate, the longest branches (at near
midlength of organ) a trifle more than one-third as long as entire
antenna; terminal segment a little shorter than the branch of thepenultimate segment. Eyes contiguous on anterior vertex; posteriorvertex Bray, more infuscated medially.
Mesonotal praescutum brown, broadly bordered laterally andanteriorly by obscure yellow; scutum and scutellum brown, with acommon pale median line; mediotergite brown on anterior portion,
obscure yellow behind. Pleura obscure yellow, with a narrow, darkbrown, dorsal stripe extending from the propleura to the abdomen,
passing beneath the root of haltere. Halteres obscure yellow. Legs
with coxae and trochanters yellow; remainder of legs chiefly broken
or detached; one posterior leg still remains intact; femora obscureyellow, with a vague brown zubterminal ring; tibiae and tarsi black.
Wings with ground-color of anterior half creamy, of posterior half moregrayish, the disk with a restricted brownish gray pattern that is chiefly
costal in distribution, the areas subequal in size to the pale interspaces,
the largest area being the second, at mid-distance between arculus andorigin of .lts,' areas at origin of Rs and tip of Sc separate; stigmal area

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Annals EntomologicalSocietyof America [Vol. XXVII,

small, separatedfrom a cloud over fork of -Rs,'narrowsearnsalong cordand outer end of cell / st Mzi faint gray streaks near distal ends of outerradial cells; longitudinal pale strea[s in cells M, Ist A and ?nd A; veinsbrown, yeliow ln the costal interspaces. Venation: Sc exten{"g !onear two-ttriras the length of Rs, Scgat tip; free tip of Sczand Rr intransverse alignment; m-cu shortly before the fork of.M.
Abdomen long, the segmentsbicolorous, obscure yellow, ringed on
apical third of fourth with-blackish. Male hypopygium *itlt the tergite
both cephalic and caudal margins conveily rounded, the lateralriarro*, 'nearly
icute; caudal margin very minutely and insensibly
anglesnoiched medially. Basistyle with the ventromesal lobe very lorrg andconspicuous, dtisky, terminating in two fasciculate setae. Rostralspinestwo, subequil to or shorter than rostrum, placed closetogether atnLar midlength bf prolongation; rostrum terminating in a powerfut
seta.
spinousFemal,e.-As in male, difiering in sexual characters. Antennae
subpectinate,the apical pedicelsshort, pale lellow, contrasting with thelarg-er dark-colored basil enlargementi. Mesonotal praescutum wittt
thrie more or less indicated brown stripes, the interspaces evident.
Ventral sternopleurite weakly infumed. Wing-pattern more conouter radial cells, which. here form an
trasted, especially the clouds in 'The
allotype has the halteres muchincompiete fascii in this field.
darker, almost black.
Hlsrrat:Panama (Chiriqui). Holotype, d, Finca Lerida,
5,400 ft., September 13, L932 (Lawlor) . AllotopotyPe, I .
Paratnpotypes,| &, 1 9, broken.

Limonia (Rhipidia) flabelliformis differs from Z. (R.) calaerti(Alex.) of Costa Rica in having the basal flagellar segmentunbranched. The wing-pattern is somewhat as in L. (R.)
costalo'ides (Alex.), &r otherwise quite different fly. The
branches of the male antennae of the present species are
unusually long and graceful.
10. Limonia (Rhipidia)variicostasp. n.
Allied, to costalis;ground-colorof mesonotalpraescutumobscureorange-yellow,almost iovered by dark brown stripes;rostrum, palpi

and antennae.blackthroughout; legs black, the femoral basesnarrowly
obscureyellow; wings blackish, the costal border variegated by narrowcream-coloredinterspaces.
Femal.e.-Length,about 6 mm.; wing, 6 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennaeblack; flagellar segmentsmore
or lessheart-shaped,with short, glabrousapicalnecks;termiryl segment
elongate,about fwice the penultimate, narrowed outwardly. Head darkbrown.
Mesonotal praescutum with the ground-color obscureorange-yello-w,
almost conceal-edby dark brown stripes that are confluent except for
linear strips behind; lateral margins of sclerite darkened, restricting

1e341

Alexander: Tipulidae from Panama

61

the ground to sublateral brightenings; posterior sclerites of mesonotum
brownish black. Pleura obscure,variegated by blackish, more noticeably
so on the ventral anepisternum and meron. Halteres black, the baseof stern obscureyellow. Legs with the femora black, the basesnarrowly
obsctrre yellow; tibiae and tarsi black. Wings very strongly zuffusedwith black, the costal border cream-colored,variegated by five extensive,
even darker costal areas,the last at stigma, the third at origin of Rs,'on
their posterior borders, these costal darkened a^reasmerge into the dark
ground-color of the disk, greatly restricting the pale costal spots; cord.
and outer end of cell lst Mz nar:owly bordered by blackish; veinsbrownish black. Macrotrichia of veins long and conspictrous. Venation: Sc long, Scr ending about opposite two-thirds Rs, Sczcloseto its
tip: m-cu at fork of.M.
Abdominal tergites brownish black, the sternites more bicolored,
obscure yellow, the caudal margins narrowly dark brown, the outersternites more uniformly darkened. Ovipositor with cerci slender andrather strongly upcurred.
Heetrer: Panama (Chiriqui). Holotype, 9, Finca Parada,
4,450 ft., September 12, 1932 (Lawlor).
The nearest ally of the present fly would appear to be
Limonia (Rhi?id,ia) costali.s (Wi11.), which differs conspicuously
in the coloration of the body, legs and wings, more especiallythe opaque reddish mesonotum, the reddish abdomen, with thecaudal borders of the tergites darkened, the yellow tips of thefemora, the much paler wings and the details of venation, as theshort Sc, which ends at or before midlength of Rs.
11. Limonia (Geranomyia) cerberus (Alex.)
1 &, L I , Finca Parada, 4,450 ft., September 11, 1932
L2. Limonia (Geranomyia) deliciosa sp. n.
General coloration yeilow, the praescutum with an intermediatepair of reddish brown stripes, the lateral praescutal borders broadly
darker brown; rostmm and antennae black; femora obscureyellow, thetips clearer yellow, precededby a dark brown titg; wings cream-yellow,
with a chiefly marginal brown pattern, the third costal spot being acommon one embracingthe origin of Rs and end of Sc,'vein Sc relatively
short, Scr ending just beyond origin of Rs,' male hypopygium with thetwo rostral spines slender, gently curved, arising from the summit of asingle rounded domelike tubercle.
Male.-I-ength, excluding rostrum, about 5.5 rnm.i wing, 6.8 mm.;rostrum, about 3 mm.
Femal,e.-Length,excludingrostrum, about 7-7.llnm.;wing, 7 mm.;rostrurn, about 3 mm.
Rostrum, palpi and antennaeblack, the latter in male approximately
one-half as long as body. Head blackish, w"ith a linear pale medianstripe that is equal in width to the anterior vertex.

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AnnalsEntomorogicarsocietyof Ame,ica[vor. xxvll,

Mesonotal praescutum ochreousnwith

an intermediate pair of reddish
brownstrioesthat areseparate{-uy*t 11*
inJ Jr-iil, iorrrra; hteral?
borders of praescutum'bro adly' a"rT.r-

Drown; scutum testaceous
medially,the lobesextensivety^a"*uro*; scutellum"hieny brownish
testaceous;mediotergite chi6fly. dark- brown. pleurawith ventral
portion yglloy, the torsal pottio". .or""*rr"ta;;k";,"gieerrish
with a conspicrrousblackenedarea on Ltrepist;;"-.
g"rt"t"ryellow,
the knobs infuscated.
with
th;
;;;ae
and
troJhanters
yelow;!"gr
femora obscureye.!l_ow,
the-,tips qg"l*-1i.tto*, preced.edby a narrowdark brown rittg; tibiae and taisi chiefly
f"i" br;fiirh y"io*, the outertarsal segments

infuscated.wjngs foTn tt " g;il;;r;cream-yellow, the prearcula: and c6st"i "r""r more ;a*"l;saturated yellow; aseries of about.
marginal
brown-;;;,
ofwhich
five are on the,eig-h1.
costal border, thethird aT end of sc ""Jksi.
;i-R; tI" ro*th atstigma,the last at end of vein nr; ihul"L"i"?"gii. at endsof
veinscu, I st ! andsnd A; cord.;;J ;"G; end"i ;i"ili;;lil;
i'a,narrowty
seamedwith brown; tips of. veins
ir,-ii"1;i;;,restrictedlyi;darkened;veins.yellowldarker itr 4.*;itE"ciiuded areas. v;;i;;T,short,

scr extendingto a short distancel"yg"4 origin of Rs, ,scz
not farfromits tip.; a-supernumerarycrossveind;;u sc; rn-cuclose
to fork of.M.
Abdominal.tergiteslighf to aart.t uto"-, t!r. .i"-it*Male hypopygiumwith tie ventral distisiyll'relativeiy-r"r*qclear yellow.
the rostral prolongationunusually.src"aei;iostral spines and fleshy,
ansmgrrom acommon dome-shapedtubercle'that-;;; is praced"ib;;;"r'b;;;p;h6*rtr"-J
spinessubequat,.
sGnder,gently
with mesal_
apical lobe ielaiively s-lenfier,parallel-sided,at apex
directedlaterad.
into a small point of tubercle.
HAslrRr:

Panama (Chiriqui).

Holotype, d, Finca parada,

4,450 ft., september L2, tgzz (Lawlor). Tuotipotypr,9.
Paratopotypes,B
p g.
The coloration and venation of wings of the present
fly ismuch as in Limonia (Geranornyxa),urygiornma (Aiex.), butirr"
thoracic pattern and structurs of the -Ll" hvpopy;i;",--J r -rJ D-is ver1,
J
differgnt.

18. Limonia (Geranomyia)eurygrammaAlex.
Known hitherto onlv from Mexico.
4,450 ft., September Ii, tgg2.

L & ,1 ? , Finca parada,

14. Limonia (Geranomyia)lachrymalis (Alex.)
Known hitherto only from Ecuad.orand peru.
Parada, 4,450ft., September 12, LgB2.

r &, Finca

15. Helius (Helius) albitarsis(O. S.),Wi4"spread in the Neotropics.
4,450 ft., September LL, lg\2d,g , Finca parad.a,1e341

Alexander: Tipulidae from Panama

63

16. Ilelius (Ilelius) panamensissp. n.
Belongs to the mirabilis group; general coloration pale yellow;
head light grayi femora yellow, the tips very narrowlv and conspicuously
blackened; mediotergite darkened; wings yellow-subhyaline, with arestricted pale brown pattern distributed as a broken fascia along cord
and as a longitudinal cloud at near midlength of first section of Cu;
r-rz distinct.
M ale.-Length, about 4.5 mm.; wing, 5.2 mm.
Fernale.-Length, about 5 mm.; winB, 5.3 mm.
Rostrum yellow. Antennae pale brown, the basal two segments alittle brighter. Head light gray.
Mesothorax pale yellow, any reddish cast normally present poorly
indicated; mediotergrte darkened. Halteres pale throughout. Legs
with coxaeand trochanters yellow; femora yellow, the tips very narrowly
but abmptly and conspicuously blackened; tibiae and tarsi yellow, theouter tarsal segments a little darker. Wings very pale yellow toyellowish subhyaline, with a restricted pale brown pattern, the stigma
and a longitudinal cloud at near midlength of the first section of vein
Crzrslightly darker brown than a more grayish brown sealn along theanterior cord, fork of.M and end of vein Cu1, the three last more or lessintermpted and not forming a continuous band along cord; veins
pale yellow, a little darker in the clouded areas. Venation i r-m
distinct, subequal to basal section of R+oi inner end of cell lst Mz
strongly arcuated, the cell thus lyrng far basad'of the elementsof theouter radial field; m-cu a distance beyond fork of. M about equal tor-m or less.
Abdomen of male almost uniformly yellow, of female bicolorous,
the basesof the individual segmentsbroadly and conspicuously ringed
with brown, the remainder yellow.
Hesnet:Panama (Chiriqui).

Holotype, cl, Finca Parada,

4,450 ft., Septernber 12, 1932 (Lawlor). Allotopotyfue, g .
The nearest ally is Helius (Heli.us) rubicund,us (Alex.) of
Paraguay, which has the tips of the femora more graduallyand broadly infuscated rather than narrowly and abruptly
blackened; the general coloration of body more reddish yellow;
the dark abdominal markings in female more nearly continuous
to form a broken longitudinal stripe, and other characters.
This is the first record of a species of the group from North
America, the other forms being widespread in tropical SouthAmerica.
17. Epiphragma(Epiphragma)circinata O. S.
Described from a single female, Mt. Iraza, Costa Rica,
6,000-7,000 ft. (Rogers). A few specimens in the present
series,including both sexes;Finca Parada, 4,450 ft., September

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Annals EntomologicalSocietyoI America [Vol. XXVII,

11, L932; Finca Palo Alto., 4,700 ft., September12, L932;
ft., September14, 1932.
Finca Lerida,5,300-7,000
The femora, broken in the unique type, offer distinctive featuresof pattern; basal third yellow, passing into brown, the latter ending
abruptly at near two-thirds the length of the segment,the apical third
with a black subterminal ring, the apex and an antepenultimate ringof slightly greater extent, bright yellow; tibiae brownish black, theextreme base and apex yellow; tarsi paling to brownish yellow.
Abdominal sternites conspicuouslyyellow. The above characters are
likewise found in the Mexican E. (8.) oreonymphaAlex., which has theabdomen conspicuously hairy and the stigmal area of *ing more
nniformly darkened. The stigmal region in circi.notais likewise distinctive, there being three or four small, isolated, dark spots in theregion normally occupiedby the single stigmal area.
18. Epiphragma (Epiphragma) genualis sp. n.
General coloration black; antennae (d) elongate, black, the firstflagellar segmentpple; lqltereq elongate; femora and tibiae black, thegenua conspicuously whitened; wings whitish, with a conspicuous
reticulate and ocellate brown pattern; stigmal region uniformly
darkened; abdomen brownish black, the caudal borders of the tergites
narrowly pale, sternites black.
Mal,e.-Length, about 9 mm.; wing, 10.5mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae (c/) elongate, as in circinota,
if bent backward extending about to one-third the length of abdomen;
scapeand pedicel black; flagellum black, the first segmentmore or lessyellow, in one specimenentirely pale, in the type with only the basebrightened; segmentslong-cylindrical, with a dense and very delicate
pubescenceand a few scattered verticils that are shorter than thesegments. Head dark brown; anterior vertex very narrow, only about
two-thirds the diameter of the scape.
Disk of mesonotal praescutum dull brown, sparsely pollinose, with
two intermediate brown stripes; cephalic and lateral borders of thesclerite broadly and conspicuously blackened; anterior lateral pretergites restrictedly pale; posterior sclerites of notum infuscated.
Pleura almost uniformly blackened, with a sparse gray pruinosity.
Halteres elongate,blackened,the basal half of stem yellow. Legswith
coxae black, sparsely pruinose; trochanters obscure yellow; femora
obscure yellow basally, thence passing into black, the tips narrowly
whitened; tibiae black, the basesnarrowly white, subequal in amountto the femoral tips; tarsi paling to brownish yellow. Wings whitish,with a conspicuousbrown pattern that is much as in circinata, being
distributed in a reticulate and ocellate pattern; region of stigma
uniformly darkened, not with a seriesof about four brown dots, as inouter end of cell?nd.4 variegatedby a pale area;veins brown.
ci.rcinata,'
relatively short,
Venation: .Rsangulated and spurred at origini Rz+s+q
lessthan one-half.Rs,subequalto the petiole of cell Mr.
Abdomen brownish black, the caudal borders of tergites narrowly
pale, the areascontinued for a slight distance cephaladalong the lateral

I

1e34l

Alerander: Tipulidaefrom panama

65borders; transverse subbasal.impressions black, little evidence against
the ground; sternites black throughout.
Hegrrar: Panama (Chiriqui). Holotype, cf , Finca Lerid.a,
5,300-6,200 ft., september 14, rg\2 (Lawlor). paratopotype,a fragmentary d, 5,400 ft., September 18, 1982.
Epiphragma.(Ey'iphragma) genualis is readily told from theother regional allied species with elongate antennae in the male(as circinata o. S., gracilicornis Alex. , orrony*pha Alex.)by thepattern of the legs.
19. [,irnnepfoiladictyopteraAlex.
A pair, in copula, Finca Lerida, b,800ft., September lb, 1982.
20. Shannonomyiaatroapicalis sp. n.
General coloration buffy yellow; front and anterior vertex"bl";d;;e;silverv:
legs yellow, the tips _of ali femora.
bfiilt."r"ry
Tarro.rilry
tinged .*ittr brou"nish yellow, the oute; i'rdi;l-fi;fi:,Tllgr.strongly
Irttle darkened; a restricted dark.bror plttern, including thestigm{
ol$l of -Rs,-cordand outer end of cell /si Mz; Rz'clor"toiSri; "i-n.#cell /st Mz closed.
Male.-Lenglh, about J.5 mm.; wing, 6 mm.
Rostrum.-yellow;qalpi-_brownishutJdt . Antennae with twosegmentsyellow, the flagellum brownish black; flagella, r"g"rrts basal
oval.
Front and anterior vJrtex broad, sitvery; 'pos"terio, i".t.*more
infuscated.
Mesonotumlight!"{y yelloy, the-praescutumwith vagueiy darker
stripes that are best-indicited
bihind^; porlerio, border of scutellum
conspicuolsly fringg{ -with.long yellornr setae. Pleura testaceous
yellow. Halteres. .ltslv pg,le.
f,els with coxae, trochanters andfemorayellow;tibiaelighl yellow,the"narrow
tits a.b+pif'"""aili;ili;
blackened,the.amount su'beqr,:rf
on all legs; tarsi ous"dre-ye1ow,thevery narrow

tips .of the basalthree r.gfri.i"ir l"r"*.lli,'th"segmentsuniformly
darkened. wing; itrongly ti"t;d-;,iiii

outer
ugil

yellow, the costal-border clearer-v"Tto*; outet radTal ceils slightly
suffusedwith brownish; a restrictedbut very .ompi.tro"s dart brown
gattgln, as follows, olq
ftj, s_tigma,.oid ";d- *;.,."a of celllst Mz; veins yellow,
iri
ttrJ
infuscatedare^i.-venation: sc,
ending just before fork_dai!e1
of .Rs,.{a a_til ;ip;of-oa"rate
length,.Rs
angulated and spurred at origtl; Rz im-.hiatltt
L"};ijpoint ofdepartureof Ra,Rz+,rthus red.ucidto i t.nere-pgint;i,eril"r;'Mrelongate,
exceedingvein Mtrz beyond itl m-cu at just befoie't*;-fiilh,
irr"-r.igtt
of cell lst Mz.
Abdominal tergites yeilow,- each with atransverse,.c.onspicuous,impressed tine beyond base, frris sunu.;a ;;h;;;;*it
proarce avaguely bicolorousappearance;sternite and hypopygium moreunirormrv
vellow. Male hypopygium -*tth the gonap6ihiG-6;;;sas very
slender, strongly-Curv-edhooks.

66

Annals EntomologicalSoc'ietyof America [Vol. XXVII,

HenrrRt: Panama (Chiriqui) . Holotype, d, Finca Parada,
4,450 ft., September12, 1932 (Lawlor).
The nearest ally of this fly is Shannonomyia argenticeps
Alex. (Ecuador), which differs verv evidently in the uniformly
yellow legs and rnuch less distinct wing-pattern.
2I. Atarba (Atarba)apicispinosasp. n.
Mesonotum yellow; antennae bicolorous,the flagellar segments
black with the basesnarrowlv yellow; legs yellow; wings pale gray,the costal region clear light yellow; stigma very faint; Sc short, celllst Mz narrowed outwardly; male hypopygium with the outer dististyleslender, blackened,with three or four slender spines on outer margin,
the outermost some distance before the long curved apical spine; innerdististyle a little dilated at outer end.
Mol,e.-Length, about 5 mm.; wing, 5 mm.
Rostrum yellow; palpi brownish black. Antennae with scape andpedicel ye11ow;flagellum bicolorous, each segment black with theextreme base yellow, the amount not involving more than the basal
sixth or seventh,decreasingin amount on outer-segments,the terminal
five or six uniformly darkened; segmentscylindrical, with verticils thatare much shorter than the segments. Head yellow, very sparsely
pruinose.
Mesonotal praescutum yellow, the posterior sclerites of notum
somewhat more testaceous-yellow. Pleura yellow, more testaceousbehind, the dorsopleuralregion dusky. Halteres pale, the knobs'Wingsdus(v. Legs yellow.
with a pale gray tinge, the costal region
pale yellow; stigma very pale brown; veins pale. Venation: Scrending
just beyond origin of Rs,'outer end of cell / st Mz conspicuouslynarrowed,
m being much shorter than the basal sectionof Ms, in the type so short
as to be virtually eliminated.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the segmentsmore or lessbrightenedbasally; subterminal segments uniformly darkened; sternites moreyellow; hypopygium pale. Male hypopygrum with the outer dististyle slender,blackened,with three or four slender,subappressedspines
along outer margin, the apical spine elongate, cu:rred; outermost
spine removed to some distance back from apex. Inner dististylesubequal in length to outer, the distal end a little enlarged. Plate ofninth sternite a little longer than broad, the outer lateral anglesproduced
laterad into acute spines.
Hesrtet:Panama (Chiriqui). Holotype, d, Finca Lerida,
5,400 ft., September 13, L932 (Lawlor). Paratopotype, 6,2007,000 ft., September 14, 1932 (Lawlor).
The present fly is well-distinguished from regional allies
by the structure of the male hypopygium, especially the lengthof the apical spine of the outer dististyle and the position of theoutermost lateral spine removed from apex. The nature of1e34lAlerander: Tipulidae from panama

67

antennal pattern likewise furnishes important specific characters. The speciesis most generallysimilar to Atarba (Anrba)
bolhtianaAlex. (Bolivia) and A. (A.) aaricornisAlex. (peru), bui
is distinct from both.
22. Ilexatoma(Eriocera)interlineatasp.n.
Allied to zonata,'.generalcoloration of mesonotalpraescutumgoldenyellow, with three black stripes, the med.ian one split by a "ip1r"ry
palg line; femora yellow, the tips nalrowly blackened; wings r"ithlpfi""9 posterior cells extensively suffused with pale' bro#n: abdohenyellow, the subterminal tergites blackened.
Femal,e.-Length,25-2T rnm.; wing, lg-20 mm.
Rostrum and.paipi dark brown. Antennae with scapeand pedicel
reddish brown-; basal two flagellar segments yellow, ti; ,*;"di;;segments black. Head obscure orange, deeper orange on sides o?
posterior vertex.
Mesonotal praescutum golden-yellow,
with three conspicuous
-bt;;
black
'conspicuously
stripes, the_ median one naqowly but
ai"iaea
obscure yellow vitta; humeral region restrictedly blatkened;-po.d.rioi
sclerites of mesonotum obscure yeilow, the centbrs of the scutal lobes
extensively llacke_ned; mediotergite with a conspicuous depressed
quadrate blackenedarea at each ceptraticlateral "ngi"; a smaller linear
black mark at posteriorlateral region of med.iotergite: Pieura blackened
dorsally beneath.the wing-Iogt and on meral t.[iorr, the-siernopleurite
golden-yellowpollinose. Halteres yellow, the kiobs black. i";, ;thcoxae somewhat infuscated,.especially the posterior pair; trocfranteis
yellow; femora yellow, the tipJ.narrowly
and abmptly blackenea,-trr"
subequalonalllegs;-tibiae
yellow,t-hetips 6ven more narrowly3po}ntblackeaed; tl.Ti obscure yellow bisally, thg outer segments p.=rirri
into black.
{i"gt-.yellow, the prearculii and cost.l r.[io"s somewhat
more saturated_yellow; s.tigma pale brown; even palei brown clouds
along Ir, il .cells beyond_cord ind in Cubital "nd A.r"l fields, th;;;a.PPearingchiefly as broad searns to the veins, leaving the centers of
the cells somewhat paler; veins brown, yellow in thE flavous areas.
venation: scr .lrins lome distance before the tip of Jczr the latter1tot1tand alSulated; Rr*, a little longer than & alone; basit section ofRs shorter than^r-rn;?n-c'ujust beyond fork of M, slighily exceedinilh;
distal section of.Cu.
Abdomen yellow, thg fifth and sixth tergites chiefly black: sternites
more uniformly pale....Ovip.ositorwith long straight cerci; hypovaf"aeterrninating in- a^hairlike p6i"t.
H^q.ntrer: Panama (chiriqui).

Holotype, Q , Finca parada,

4,459 ft., September 12, Lg32 (Lawlor). para.topotype, 9 .
The nearest allies of the present fly are Hexatomi (Eriocera)ohausiana (End.)., of Ecuador and Peru, and H. (E.) zonata(o. S.) of Mexico and Guatemala, both of which have the same
peculiar venation of the subcostal field, the sunken areas on the

68

Annals EntamologicalSocietyof America [Vol. XXVII,

mediotergite, and the tips of the femora narrowly blackened.
The present fly differs from the others in the virtually complete
division of the median praescutal stripe by a pale line, thedifferent wing-pattern, and the slightly different ovipositor.
23. Ilexatoma (Eriocera) stolida sp. n.
Allied to macrocero!rlex.; mesonotal praescutum obscure yellow,
wittr three vaguely indicated darker stripes; knobs of halteres darkbrown; femora obscureyellow, the tips narrowly infuscated; wings witha brownish yellow suffusion, the costal region brighter yellow; stigma
brown, short-oval; abdomen yellow, the incis;uresof segmentsnarrowly
but conspicuouslybrownish black.
Femal,e.-I-,errgth,
about lL mm.; wing, 10 mm.
Rostrum reduced, obscure yellow; palpi short, brownish black.
Antennae with scapeobscureyellow, the zucceedingsegmentsbrownish
black to black. Head obscureyellow.
Mesonotal praescutum obscrrreyellow, with three vaguely indicatedslightly darker brown stripes; posterior sclerites of notum concealed
by mounting med.ium. Pleura grayish brown, the sternopleurite alittle brighter. Halteres obscrrreyellow, the knobs infuscated. Legs
with coxae and trochanters testaceous-yellow;femora obscrrreyellow,
the tips narrowly infuscated; tibiae brown; tarsi black. Wings with abrownish yellow suffusion,the costal regron somewhatbrighter yellow;
stigma brown, short-oval;narronr to scarcelyevident brown seamsalongveins, including the cord; veins brown, more yellow iq the flavous areas.
Venation r Rr+z and Rz subequali Re+rabout one-half longer than Rz
alonel cord moderately oblique; rn-cu immediately beyond fork ofM, h virtual alignment with the anterior cord; cell Mt lacking; distal
section of.Cu a trifle shorter than ,n-cu.
Abdomen yellow, the incisures of the segmentsnarrowly but conspicuouslybrownish black, the color involving the narrow apicesof thesegments, together with the slightly wider bases of the succeeding
segments. Ovipositor with elongatevalves.
Hasrrer: Panama (Chiriqui). Holotype, 9 , Finca Parada,
4,450 ft., September 11, 1932 (Lawlor).
The present species finds several allies in the Neotropics,
but seemsreadily separable therefrom in the diagnostic featuresindicated, notably the coloration of the body, pattern of wings
approximately similarand conspicuously fasciate abdomen. No'Williston
at the time of
species was known to Osten Sacken or
preparation of the Diptera volumes for the Biologia CentraliAmericana (1886-1901).
24. Trentepohlia (pa3r-ougoma) chiriquiana sp. n.
General coloration light reddish brown, the praescutumwith threeslightly darker brown stripes; basal antennal segmentsbrown, flagellum

1e341

Al,erander: TiPulidae from Panarna

69

black, leg black, the narrow ting of fepora-.andslightly wider basesof
iiUi"" dirty whiie, the femorafbasesbloadly.pale;-wings yellow, only
the small iongitudinal stigmal area.darker; veins yellow.
Femole.-I'errgth,about 11.5mm.; wing, 9.5 mm.
Rostrum yellow;'palpi brownish black. Anteruraewith sgagea.1$
withpedicelbrown; flageilum-black;flagellar segments_long-cylindrical,
inott inconspicuousverticils. Head light reddish brown, carinate on
the narrow anterior vertex.
Mesonotalpraescutumlight reddishbrown,-i!!t t-h1e.very.slightly
darker brown stripes,the midian one faintly divided by _apale vitta;
oosteriorscleritesof notum brown,the squtallobesdarkened,the medianit". more vellowish. Pleura chiefly yellow, the dorsalscleritesdarker.
ttJt.."r pile yellow, the lmobsinfuscated. L9-Ss"ryth 99xaebrownish
yellow; tiochahters yellow; femora obscureyellow basally,.at or neari"iat."l$h passingiirto black, the tips very -narrowly gnd.abrup.tly
V"Uo*iE6#t it"; tlibiaublack, the basei narrowly dr{Y yellowishy-hit-e,ih" "-outtt about twice as extensiveas the femoral tips; tarsi black.
Wi"it strongly tinged with yel!ow,.the.costa! fglo3 m9r.esaturated;
stig:ia sma[] dark-brown, lohgitudinal in p-ositiol, invglving goly ttt"
haf of vein R ; veins yellow. Venation: Rr+g+relongate,cep-"halicabbut two-third,sthe long, gently-arcuated Rs; R4a short, less thanRr+ziin the left wing of t-ype,ceil lst Mz is open.by atrophy of outer
Vfeaid veins, the conditionundoubtedlyabnormal.
Abdominaltergites brown, the sternitesmore yellowish.
HAerrer: Panama (Chiriqui). Holotype, I , Finca Parada,
4,450 ft., September 12, L932 (Lawlor).
Trentepohtia (Paramongoma) chiriquiana is very different
from all other describedspeciesof Pararnongornoin the combination of blackened tarsi and tibial tips and the uniformly yellow
wings, with only the nalrow stigma dark brown. The pale,scarcely marked wings are much as in I. (P.) leucoxena(Alex.)of Mexico, and f . e) sororcula (Alex.) of Panama, which havethe tarsi snowywhite. Of all the known Neotropical speciesof the genus, the present fly has a leg-pattern similar only to(P.) genicul,ata(Alex.), of British Guiana and BtazTL,
that of.-7^:.
the latter species differing conspicuously in the venation andheavily patterned wings.
25. Teucholabis(Teucholabis)leridensissp. n.
Mesothoraxpolished black, variegated only on praescutum,-and
more extensivelyon meral region, by pale c9lor; qptgnnaemoniliform;
fgle
head reddish biown; prothorax yellow; knobs of h.alterqs-yeil^ow;
iegsblack, the remainingfemoraye-llow;wigBs-whitish subhyaline,witha ?estricted.darker pattlrn, including a pale bro-wn.apgIand ? mq.Jo1
oval cloud at near midlength of first section of vein Cu; abdominal
tergites and hypopygium black, the sternitesringed with yellow.

70

AnnarsEntomorogicar
SocietyoI America [vol. xxvlr,

Male.-L"ng!lr,-about4.g_q
rym.; wing, J.6_5.gmm.
Rostrumreddishbrown;
dlpi;-iitii"?"rt"r.
Antennaewith basal
segmentsobscurebrownish yeilbw,
trr" o"t.1 ."sm"rrJ.-bi""t; flagelrar
segments
subglobular,
with sr,9rtna;"l; ;dfiiili"i;srightlyon
one side of the
not i" tf," .""Jt centrat pbrtion, this giving
fggments,
the organ a wea!]| .",,"it appearance.
Head redd.ishbrown.
Pronotumyerlow. Mesorrbtum.porist
restrictedvellowishareasat .e.pha6;ilLnea uuct<,variegatedonly byon eitherside of midline, and af -iat"si5"ii"ttJ^r"t!rr". of praescrrtum,
pleura chiefly blackened,the propleuraand merait"st";y;ffi:n;connectedalongsuturebetweensternoprzurit.irt" i"ttli"iea extensive.
;a;i"iliil*tte
with alarger area at fong-r*i r"a.;;;:Jp'l#ar-region.
ri"tt""sbrack.
the knobru.Jlor._"Lqs,s*iirr;;#;fi;*hanrers

yerlow;foreresj
black' onlv the femoral"bases.nalrowlyob."or"yellow;middle and hindlegswith iemora. ou..*" y.ffi; # iiil"'rr"g.rely
darker; tibiae andtarsi more brownishbracki" u"Jr.;-;;J5;"rtibia-e,beforetips, with asmall cushionof delicateerect-;i setutJe,-lt" **ents a trifle dilatedatthis point; proximal ;"dposterioi
modified. wings whitish r"bfurJitl;,;tthr".itrr.,rs slightly d.ilatedand.
;.restrictfr dlrker pattern;
stigma and prolim"t i*o-trri;e. "fi.u
3r' tro*rri.rr-uiJ.r.; wing_tip,
back to level-ofouter ""a of.."tl ii ai,'""tlrg"
oval cloud at nearmidlength of first s_ection"f;"i" Clrria&;kcloud
at endof vein I st A.
paler brown. venationr si q-ilt;;;eg
oppositeor beforeone_
fou*h thelengtnor ns, sa Lsuard

tfi; iilg o.igioqf thelatter,neverthiipoini;n,it ", idl 6;;dil;;1i;i-i,Ti_,ucrose
tofilf:f?i

Abdominaltergites,includlg"*itr,
brack;sternitestwo tofour, inclusive,_
tr"i,o*iy ir"g"a lloopysrum,onposteriorportions,the#fi;;zubterminalsegments
mo.e"-"iror-iv i;iffi; shrnarpocket
brackened.
". i"ilgf ,lffiffS;i"*""r,"iiiitiiiiil'inner ai.tlrtyi"
withapical

Hrr.srre"t,.plrrama (Chiriqui). Holotype,C,' Finca Lerida,rt., septemter
Lt, igsi-({"wior). p;;;tupotypes,
3'TT:,200

The wing-venationis much as in Teuchorabis(Teuchorabis)
hilaris Alex. (peru) and T. (7r aiioti*noto
Alex. (cuba),
the wing-patte.rn,notabry ioi r"is" irral spot on vein but
cu,

together with the body-"oiot"tion, rEadily
separate the fly fromall described allies.

26. Gonomyia(tipophteps)gillotta Alex.
Known hitherto o4y frol the type,taken inlnl;.*"gmentary

costa Rica.

d, FincaParada."+-,+sott., s.pie*be, L2,

1e341

Alexander: Tipulidae from Panama

7l

peracutaAlex.,var.
27. Gonomyia(Lipophleps)
One &,3 I 9, Finca Parada,4,450ft., SeptemberL2, 1932.
Somewhattarger than the type from Chiapas,Mexico, and withslight differences in the male hypopygium, which may later
provide subspecificcharacters.
28. Cryptolabis(Cryptolabis)luteicostasp.n.
Mesonotumbrownishblack, the dorsopleuralregionconspicuously

pale; head obscureyellow; halteres pale yellow; tips of femora and coxae
blackened; wings pale gray, the costal border conspicrrously lightyellow;macrotrichia in all cells beyond cord, lacking only in the extreme
basesof cells R'r to Rr; R.r very oblique.
Femole.-Length, about 3 mm.; wing, 3.6 mm.
Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennae brown throughout; flagellar
segments subcylindrical, becoming smaller outwardly, the verticils
much longer than the segments. Head obscure yellow.
Mesonotum above chiefly brownish black, the praescutal interspaces
paler; sides of praescutum, anterior lateral pretergites and dorsopleural
membrane pale yellorv. Pleura chiefly brownish black. Halteres paleyeilow. Legs
with the fore coxae blackened, remaining coxae pale;-obscure
yellow; femora brownish yellow, the tips narrowly
trochantersbrownish black; tibiae pale yellow, the extreme base and broad tips
blackened; tarsi black, the proximal end of basitarsus paler. Wings
with a pale gray tinge, the costal border clear light yellow; cord very
narrowly seamedwith brown; axilla more or less darkened; veins brown,
C, Sc and R yellow. Macrotrichia in all cells beyond cord, lacking on
basal third of Rr and extreme bases of R3, Ra and Rsi a few trichia inouter ends of cel1sCu and lst A. Venation: Rs very oblique, sinuous,cell Rr roughly equilateral, with Rs slightly the longest element: Rs in
direct alignment srith Rs,,the basal deflection of the latter obliterated;
Rza little longer than R2.6 and in nearly transverse alignment with it;cell M.t deep.
Abdomen dark brown, the ovipositor a trifle brighter.

Hastret: Panama (Chiriqui). Holotype, 9, Finca Parada,
4,450ft., September11, 1932(Lawlor).
Closest to Cryptolabis (Cryptolabis) luteicepsAlex. (Chiapas,
Mexico), differing especiallyin the larger sizeand more abundanttrichia in the cells beyond cord. In luteiceps;these are much
more sparse,lying only in the centersof the cells and occupying
the distal two-thirds or less. In addition, cell Rt in luteicepsis
longer, so vein Rt is the longestelementof the nearly equilateraltriangle.
29. Molophilus(Molophilus)anerastasp.n.
Belongs to the plagiatus group; general coloration brownish black;antennae (d) elongate,nodulose;haiteres pale; male hypopygium with

72

AnnarsEntomorogicarsocietyof America[Vor.xxvlr,

the basal dististyre a simple.slend.errod, na:rowed gradualry to theacute apex' the surfacut*6oirr;;;.ot-d.;'ill*,^roilmatt punctureson basalhalf.
aboui-4

n.r mm.; antenna,about,.uY*i.-Length,

Female._I*ngth, about4.5.mm,; dog, 4.6 mm.
Rostrum"Tqqrot o.t3*. Antem".6ir.( it.tr.d two segmenrs
andapices"lity.i.*+;twoor tfi; Je!-rnents
parer;_antennae(d)relativelvlongandstronglf""a"ror"ltt*
iir"tedpartsof the segments*itl-longo"t-spr."gi;.g';A;9. Headdark brown.
Mesonotrrmald pGuraa*r. liir;,;;"ly'iYlit"r", pruinose,
the anterior
lateral pretergites
testrictedly;illirh-"
pale, the knobswith
yellowsetae'- rp$ utacl,-irti:-trochant"r.
*a-.*tieme basesof femora
a trifle pater' wi"gr .Jil;gi,ffi*"d#t. brackish,
the prearc'rar
reglon a little moie vellowish;
veins "qq macrotrichia blackish.

')1"il;;"di"*'Jooo.it.;rf;ff$il'f;if*"t':ft.:l'',tri"JiTT"f*:tffrbtlj}:i::',tf""%*T#3::B*i'drJ*?gilrod, slender.graduarly ""tirt*"ai" ;;;;iepoint, thebasarhalf withyilrr}fl}:o"ir;r},$.;iir,"tur"s"r,a-tunuicr"r,,u,riJi?ilotsetulae

Henner:.. panama (Chiriqui). Hol,otype,d , Finca palo
Alto, 4,200fr.,

Septemter'i,. rg'2 (Lawror). Arotype,9,
FincaParada,4,4s0ft., Septembertz,i-ggz(Lawror).
The nearestailies, aiuputur-ii"rirr,cosrs
Alex. and M.
subtenebricosus
Alex., bothof'Colom;l;;;r.
-ii"'
readily told by themuch stouter basal dististyle, with.u.race roughened and.
setulose,and with the basal portion;;
enhrged.
80. Molophilus(Molophilus)chiriquiensis
sp. n.

*.iitfafir:3

coloration
darkbrownish.:lf^!!:sj:?: srgup;general

6;;il-r"J;;,Ti:,il'Stt$?,1i.tn%x'll,lx"ui:i::";;
apex; basal dististyle*itrt i r3*of "60,,t-rrlo" spineson outer margin
pj,'lf"Hfflf,Xr?fl;:i":J:,ipGo,,._,"_tt"_ooinfierfl
fl:H;1ffi
Male.-Ler*h,
about

a-.S'--.i'enterroaE'urJt"r,wing, 4.5 mm.
Rostrum""l.pltpi bil;Head gray.
Mesonotumt_"
plumbeous,b."{!y"rt:tt
pretergitesvery narrowry-the anterior lateralriJitt"onspicuously paler;
med.ianregionof
sclrtum and baseof scutellum-I*8fiA morc testaceous.ple'ra plumbeous.
Halteresnalevellow.
trreco*aI fioirirrr _ ye[ow; irochanters
vellow;fernori bToryn,rh;6;; expnsjrJEyL[..*..yellow;
trochanters

yellow.darkened
obscure"r rtr.;.tarsibro*";i"fr..nieny
denuded'wil gJ**4*;'I3?h.y3stji"i;."i;;ffihous
p.a.r.e
Tbrowirl;;rE*clae,the first transvJrse, atj""!r-oj

oblique,at revel ofcord; veinsoaretito*tt, a;k; e;;th;;;;I;ore-venation:,ri"i"arr.*.
a--th"
lvrngabouttwiceiG G;hh1"ir"a lerretR,o|..rli,ftz+sthusbeingnearry1e341

Alexander: Tipulidae from Panama

73

three times Rl+s,'vein ?nil A ending about oppositethe cephalicend
ol m-cu.
Abdomen,including hypopygium,dark browqr -Ma-leh.ypopygium
wittr the apicil beakof basistyleslender. Outerdisjistyle bifid-at PpeI'
the inner'arm a little longer and more acrrteat tip. Basal dististyle
relatively slender,gradually narrowedto a lgog.straight.point; ogter
margin just beyond-midlength with a crest of nine goTlpictlousspines
arraig"d in a 6hiefly singlerow; qt a.boutthe basal third of style on
inner-facewith a group of more slenderspinor:ssetae,the uppermost
shorterand more sPinelike.
Ilesrter: Panama (Chiriqui). Holotype, d, Finca Lerida,
6,700ft., September16, 1932 (Lawlor).
The structure of the basal dististyle of the male hypopyglum
is generally similar to that of Mol'ophilus perseus Alex.
(Colombia), but in other regards the two flies are quite distinct.
I do not have a male of. perseus and must trust the original
figures as made by myself a score of years ago (Jour. N. Y. Ent.
Soc., 2L; Pl. 6, Figs. 4, 5; 1913). If these latter are correct,
the simple U-shaped outer dististyle of perseus is entirely
different from the forked condition in the present fly. In
general appearance, chirQuiensis is darker in color, smaller insize, and is readily told by the two dark-cotored fasciae
traversing the wing-disk.
BOOK NOTICEINSECTS AND DISEASES OF ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS,
by E. P. FsLr.lNo W. H. RexrrN. _Pagesi-xix_and_l-W7,29-textfigures.
1032. Published by the Macmillan Company, New York. Price, S5.00.
"This volume is a combination of the senior author's 'Manual of Tree and'Manual of Tree and Shmb Diseases,'
Shrub Insects' and the junior author's
entirely rewritten and brought down to date. The book is divided into twoparts.
The wfrole arrangementis as follows: Part I (pp. l l31), General: Insect_sE git
Fungi
Deprgdations;
II'
Injuries and Treitments. Chapter I, Insectsg"a Tbgir
than
other
Iy'
Injuries
andlqqg:"i4gsi
InsectQides
III,
anh Their Depredations;those causedby Organisms. Part II (pp. 1$-a&0, Alphabet! ATtogement oi
Trees and Shrubswith Accountsof the Aisociated Insects and Fungi. In Part IIseventy-two trees a.ndshrubs are listed trnder each of which its pests and diseases
are deicribed. The index covers pages435-507. The volume has beenplanned asa horticulturalists handbook and-is-without bibliography or footnote references.
A survey of the book impresses one with the mCre smatte4tg of efiective
remedies aiailable for the tr6atment of trees and shrubs affected by insects anddisease. Applied forest entomology and phytopathology have not made theadvancesthat these scienceshave made in other fields.
to. raising trees and shrubs- Qmphasis is pgt on the various problems.peculiar
gas
injuries, ej9. The wholein city parks anid yards, such as prunlng mtunes,
problem of city forbstry has such an artificial setting that th-eproblemsare.qany
bf them very difterent irom those with the same speciesin their natural habitats
and much niore baffiing becauseof the unnaturalnessof the set u-p.,
The illustrations ard excellent. The cloth binding gives a book that can standthe hard usagemeted out to a field-man's guide.-C. H. K.