大学共同利用機関法人
自然科学研究機構

基礎生物学研究所

外部点検評価報告書

2010

目

次

はじめに………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
１．第１期中期目標期間に係る評価結果…………………………………………………… 3
１−１

第１期中期目標期間に係る業務の実績に関する評価結果……………… 5

１−２

学部・研究科等の研究に関する現況分析結果（基礎生物学研究所）… 17

２．平成２２年度基礎生物学研究所実績の概要…………………………………………… 23
３．基礎生物学研究所の概要………………………………………………………………… 31
４．在職１０年の教授業績評価について…………………………………………………… 45
４−１

堀内嵩教授…………………………………………………………………… 48

４−２

西村幹夫教授………………………………………………………………… 79

４−３

長谷部光泰教授…………………………………………………………… 119

５．基礎生物学研究所外部点検評価会議

議事録……………………………………… 169

６．外部点検評価アンケート結果………………………………………………………… 215
７．外部点検評価会議および外部点検評価アンケート関連資料……………………… 223
資料１

平成22年度基礎生物学研究所実績の概要……………………………… 225

資料２

アニュアルレポート2010………………………………………………… 227

資料３

基礎生物学研究所の概要………………………………………………… 229

資料４

外部点検評価アンケート結果…………………………………………… 231

資料５

特別プロジェクト一覧…………………………………………………… 233

資料６

平成２４年度概算要求…………………………………………………… 235

８．発表論文資料…………………………………………………………………………… 239
１）2010−2008発表論文リスト……………………………………………………… 241２）2010−2008プレスリリースと新聞報道………………………………………… 265ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
 ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓ࣭ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢᖹᡂ㸰㸰ᖺᗘእ㒊Ⅼ᳨ホ౯ሗ࿌᭩ࢆ࠾㏦ࡾࡋࡲࡍࠋ ᖹᡂ㸰㸰ᖺᗘࡣࠊἲே໬ࡢ➨஧ᮇ୰ᮇ┠ᶆ࣭୰ᮇィ⏬ࡢึᖺᗘ࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋ➨୍ᮇࡢάືᐇ⦼࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㧗࠸ホ౯ࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ◊✲࡜ᩍ⫱ࡢࣞ࣋ࣝࢆ୍ᒙ㧗ࡃಖࡕࠊ኱Ꮫඹྠ฼⏝ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍࡇ࡜ࢆㄋࡗ࡚άືࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ ➨୍ᮇࡢάືᐇ⦼࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᭱⤊ホ౯࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ
ࠕ㸯㸬➨୍ᮇ୰ᮇィ⏬ホ౯ࠖࢆࡈぴୗࡉ࠸ࠋᖹᡂ㸰㸰ᖺᗘࡢάືࡣࠊ
ࠕ㸰㸬ᐇ⦼ࡢᴫせࠖ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡲࡋࡓࠋάⓎ࡞ඛ➃⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ࢆ᥎㐍ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊඹྠ฼⏝◊✲࣭ᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ࣭᪂㡿ᇦࡢ㛤ᣅ࣭ⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂ࡞࡝ࡢ஦ᴗࡶ㡰ㄪ࡟ᒎ㛤ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋලయⓗ࡞άືࡢෆᐜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠕ㸵㸬ホ౯఍
㆟࠾ࡼࡧ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ㛵㐃㈨ᩱࠖ࡜ࠕ㸶㸬Ⓨ⾲ㄽᩥ㈨ᩱࠖࢆࡈぴୗࡉ࠸ࠋ ࠕ㸲㸬ᅾ⫋㸯㸮ᖺᩍᤵࡢᴗ⦼ホ౯ࠖ࡟ࡣࠊᖹᡂ㸰㸰ᖺᗘ࡟ᅾ⫋㸯㸮ᖺࢆ㏄࠼ࡓ㸱ྡࡢᩍᤵࡢᴗ⦼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊእ㒊ホ౯ጤဨ࡟౫㢗ࡋࡓホ౯⤖ᯝࢆᥖ㍕ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋホ౯ᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡗࡓᩍᤵࡣࠊᇼෆᔞᩍᤵࠊすᮧᖿኵᩍᤵࠊ㛗㇂㒊ගὈᩍᤵࠊࡢ㸱ྡ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡲࡓࠊᖹᡂ㸰㸱ᖺ㸳᭶࡟ホ౯఍㆟ࢆ㛤ࡁࠊ◊✲ᡤࡢ㐠Ⴀ఍㆟ᡤእጤဨ㸱ྡ࡜㐠Ⴀ఍㆟ጤဨ௨እࡢ㸰ྡࡢ኱Ꮫ◊✲⪅࡟࠾㞟ࡲࡾ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࠊᚷ៸ࡢ࡞࠸ࡈពぢࢆఛ࠸ࡲࡋ
ࡓ㸦ࠕ㸳㸬ホ౯఍㆟㆟஦㘓ࠖࢆࡈぴୗࡉ࠸㸧ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ㐠Ⴀ఍㆟ࡢᡤእጤဨ࡟ᖹᡂ㸰㸰ᖺᗘࡢάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺᙧᘧ࡛ホ౯࡜ᥦゝࢆ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡋࡓ㸦ࠕ㸴㸬࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ
⤖ᯝࠖࢆࡈぴୗࡉ࠸㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡶホ౯఍㆟ࡸ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ࡛࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࡈពぢࢆ◊✲ᡤࡢάື࡟཯ᫎࡋ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ௒ᅇ࠾⪺ࡁࡋࡓᵝࠎ࡞ຓゝࡸࡈពぢࢆ௒ᚋࡢ◊✲ᡤࡢ㐠Ⴀ࡟ᙺ❧࡚࡚ࡲ࠸ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢ෉Ꮚ࡟ࡣࠊཧ⪃㈨ᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ ᖺ㸫 ᖺ࡟ྛ◊✲ᐊ࡟࠾࠸࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓㄽᩥࣜࢫࢺࢆ⥛ࡌ㎸ࡳࡲࡋࡓࠋ ᖹᡂ㸰㸰ᖺᗘࡢእ㒊Ⅼ᳨ホ౯ሗ࿌᭩ࢆࡈ୍ㄞ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ㐠Ⴀ࡜άື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࡈពぢ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟ࡈᨭ᥼ࢆ㡬ࡅࢀࡤㄔ࡟࠶ࡾࡀࡓࡃᏑࡌࡲࡍࠋᖹᡂ㸰㸱ᖺ㸴᭶ ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᡤ㛗 ᒸ⏣ΎᏕ

−1−

１．第１期中期目標期間に係る評価結果

−5−

−6−

−7−

−8−

−9−

− 10 −

− 11 −

− 12 −

− 13 −

− 14 −

− 15 −

− 16 −

− 17 −

− 18 −

− 19 −

− 20 −

− 21 −

− 22 −

２．平成２２年度基礎生物学研究所
実績の概要Ꮫ⾡◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍 ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㈨ᩱ 3 ࡛ࡣࠊ⏕≀⌧㇟ࡢᇶᮏཎ⌮ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊ⣽⬊⏕≀ᏛࠊⓎ⏕⏕≀Ꮫࠊ⚄⤒⏕≀Ꮫࠊ㐍໬ከᵝᛶ⏕≀Ꮫࠊ⎔ቃ⏕≀Ꮫ➼ࡢᇶ┙◊✲୪ࡧ࡟ඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋࠊᩘከࡃࡢඃࢀࡓ◊✲ᡂᯝࢆୖࡆࡓࠋ◊✲ࡢ㉁ࡢ㧗ࡉࡣࠊᶵ㛵ูㄽᩥᘬ⏝ᗘᣦᩘࠊ㧗࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࣇ࢓ࢡࢱ࣮㞧ㄅ࡬ࡢㄽᩥⓎ⾲ᩘࠊ➇தⓗ㈨㔠⋓ᚓ≧ἣ➼࡟♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㈨ᩱ 3ࠋᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡢ୺࡞◊✲ᡂᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ௨ୗࡢࡶࡢࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋձ࣓ࢲ࢝༸ᕢෆ
ࡢ⢭ᕢ࡟㢮ఝࡋࡓᵓ㐀࡟ᖿ⣽⬊ࡀᏑᅾࡋࠊ༸ࢆ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟సࡾฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜⬨᳝ື≀࡛ึࡵ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋ ղࢩࣙ࢘ࢪࣙ࢘ࣂ࢚ጞཎ⏕Ṫ⣽⬊ࡢᩘࡀῶᑡࡋࡓ㝿࡟ࠊᑡᩘࡢጞཎ⏕Ṫ⣽⬊࠿ࡽຠ⋡ࡼࡃ⢭Ꮚᖿ⣽⬊ࢆసࡾฟࡋࠊ୙ዷࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿㄪ⠇ᶵᵓࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋ ճࢃࡎ࠿࢔࣑ࣀ㓟 11 ಶ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ࣌ࣉࢳࢻࡀࠊ⬇Ⓨ⏕ไᚚ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ࡢࢫ࢖ࢵࢳ࡜ࡋ࡚ാࡃࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋմ⾑୰ Na ࣞ࣋ࣝࡀᜏᖖ
ⓗ࡟㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿཎᅉ୙᫂ࡢᮏែᛶ㧗 Na ⾑⑕ࡢ⑓ᅉࢆゎᯒࡋࠊNa ࣞ࣋ࣝࢭࣥࢧ࣮࡟ᑐ
ࡍࡿ⮬ᕫච␿⑌ᝈ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋ յ࣐࢘ࢫ⢭Ꮚᖿ⣽⬊ࡢ㐠࿨ࢆ㏣㊧ࡋᩘᏛⓗ࡟ゎᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᖿ⣽⬊ࡢᑑ࿨ࡣண᝿ࡼࡾ▷ࡃࠊ௚ࡢᖿ⣽⬊࠿ࡽ⏕ࡲࢀࡓ⣽⬊࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ☜⋡ㄽⓗ࡟⨨᥮ࡉࢀ⿵ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋն
mRN A ࡟⤖ྜࡍࡿ RN G105 㑇ఏᏊࡢᶵ⬟ゎᯒ࠿ࡽࠊᶞ≧✺㉳࡬ࡢ mRN A ㍺㏦࡜ࡑࢀ࡟క࠺ᒁᡤⓗࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ྜᡂࡀṇᖖ࡞⚄⤒ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᵓ⠏࡟ᚲ㡲࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜
ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ շⴥ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿ⣽⬊ࡢᩘ࡜኱ࡁࡉࡀ⣽⬊㛫ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ㏻
ࡌ࡚⤫ྜࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࠊⴥࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡀከ⣽⬊࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝไᚚࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᐇドࡋࡓࠋ ո࣐࣓⛉᳜≀ࡢ᰿⢏ࡢᩘ࡜᳜≀ࡢᙧࡢ୧᪉ࢆไᚚࡍࡿ㑇ఏᏊࢆⓎぢࡋࠊ᰿⢏࡜࠸࠺≉Ṧ࡞ඹ⏕ჾᐁࡢᩘࡢไᚚ࡜᳜≀ࡢᙧ࡙ࡃࡾࡢᶵᵓࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿
࡟ࡋࡓࠋչဗ㢌ᘪ࡛ᶵ⬟ࡍࡿ㑇ఏᏊ Ripply3 ࢆⓎぢࡋࠊྠ㑇ఏᏊ◚ቯ࣐࢘ࢫࡣဗ㢌ᘪࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᚰ⮚ ࡸဗ㢌ᘪ࠿ࡽⓎ㐩ࡍࡿ⬚⭢ࡸ๪⏥≧⭢ࡶᙧᡂ୙඲࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜
ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋպ⣽⬊ᴟᛶᙧᡂᅉᏊ Prickle2 ࡢ㑇ఏᏊ◚ቯ࣐࢘ࢫࡀࣄࢺࡢྠ㑇ఏᏊኚ␗࡟ࡼࡿ࡚ࢇ࠿ࢇࡢࣔࢹࣝ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋջ㏻ᖖ༢Ⅽ⏕Ṫ࡛ቑ࠼ࡿ࢜
࣑࢜ࢪࣥࢥࡀࠊ⎔ቃࡀᝏ໬ࡋࡓ㝿࡟࢜ࢫࢆ⏘ࡳ஺ᑿࢆࡋ࡚⪏ஂ༸ࢆ⏘ࡳᏊᏞࢆṧࡍ⎔ቃᛶỴᐃ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢜ࢫࡔࡅ࡟ാࡃᛶỴᐃ㑇ఏᏊࢆⓎぢࡋࡓࠋ ࡇࡢ௚࡟ࡶࠊୖ⓶ࡢᙧ࡙ࡃࡾ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᚤᑠ⟶ไᚚᶵᵓࡢゎ᫂ࠊගࡢືࡁࢆ᳨▱ࡍࡿ⥙⭷⚄⤒⠇⣽⬊ࡢᙺ๭ゎ᫂ࠊ༢㠃ⴥᙧᡂࡢࡋࡃࡳࡢゎ᫂࡞࡝ࡢㄽᩥⓎ⾲࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ
ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞᭷⏝ࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀ࡢసฟ➼ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ

− 25 −

ඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍㈨ᩱ 3㸯㸧⏕≀ᶵ⬟᝟ሗศᯒᐊ㸦⏕≀ᶵ⬟ゎᯒࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧㈨ᩱ 3 ࡛ࡣࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚᪂ࡓ࡟ࠕḟୡ௦㹂㹌㸿ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ඹྠ฼⏝ᐇ㦂ࠖࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋ ᖺᗘࡼࡾ㓄⨨ࡉࢀࡓ≉௵෸ᩍᤵࡢࡶ࡜ࠊ◊✲ᡤෆእࡢ◊✲⪅࡜࡜ࡶ࡟  ௳ࡢඹྠ◊✲ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ ✀㢮  ྎ࡟ࡢࡰࡿከᩘࡢඹ
㏻ᶵჾࢆ⟶⌮࣭㐠Ⴀࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᶵჾࢆ᭷ຠ࡟฼⏝ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ศ
Ꮚ⏕≀Ꮫ࠿ࡽࣂ࢖࢜࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣐ࢸ࢕ࢡࢫ࡟Ώࡿᖜᗈ࠸ຓゝࠊࢤࣀ࣒࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣐
ࢸ࢕ࢡࢫࡢࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢥ࣮ࢫ㈨ᩱ 3 㛤ദ࡞࡝ࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ

㸰㸧ගᏛゎᯒᐊ㸦⏕≀ᶵ⬟ゎᯒࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧㈨ᩱ3࡛ࡣࠊ኱ᆺࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣟࢢࣛࣇ࡟ຍ
࠼ᖺᗘࡼࡾ᪂ࡓ࡟࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ඹ↔Ⅼ㢧ᚤ㙾ࠊ⏕≀Ⓨග㢧ᚤ㙾ࠊ㉥እ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㑇
ఏᏊⓎ⌧ㄏᑟ㢧ᚤ㙾㸦IR-L E G O㸧ࢆタ⨨ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽࢆ⏝࠸ࡓඹྠ฼⏝࡟ᑐࡋ࡚᪂ࡓ࡟㓄⨨ࡋࡓ≉௵෸ᩍᤵ࡟ࡼࡿゎᯒἲࡢຓゝࠊࢸࢡࢽ࢝ࣝࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮ࡢ㛤ദ࡞࡝ࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ
㸱㸧ගࢩ࣮ࢺᆺ㢧ᚤ㙾㸦'6/0㸧㈨ᩱ3ඹྠ฼⏝ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊ᪤ᏑࡢDSL M㢧ᚤ㙾ࢭࢵࢺ࡜ࡣู࡟ࠊヨᩱࢆ⛣ືࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡋ࡟❧యീࢆ᧜ᙳ࡛ࡁࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ගࢩ࣮ࢺ
ᆺ㢧ᚤ㙾ࢆࠊඹ↔Ⅼ㢧ᚤ㙾ࡢᨵ㐀࡟ࡼࡗ࡚స〇ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ᭱኱
frames/secࡢ᫬㛫ゎീᗘࢆ㐩ᡂࡋࡓࠋ
㸲㸧ᅜ㝿ᐇ⩦ࢥ࣮ࢫ㈨ᩱ3ᐇ᪋ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ᩚഛࡋࡓࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢥ࣮ࢫᐇ⩦ᐊࢆࠊᡤෆࡢ฼⏝ࡀ↓࠸ᮇ㛫࡟ࡣᡤእ୺ദࡢᐇ⩦ࢥ࣮ࢫ࡟฼⏝ྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࠕ᪋タ฼⏝㸸ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢥ࣮ࢫᐇ⩦ᐊࠖࢆබເࡋࠊி㒔኱Ꮫࡢ㜿ᙧΎ࿴ᩍᤵࡽࡀ
୺ദࡍࡿࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢥ࣮ࢫࠕ୕ḟඖᵓ㐀ࢆ෌ᵓ⠏ࡍࡿ෌⏕ཎ⌮ࡢゎ᫂ࠖࢆྠᐇ⩦ᐊ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㈨ᩱ3ࠋ㸳㸧࣓ࢲ࢝ࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫ㈨ᩱ3࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㏫㑇ఏᏛⓗᡭἲ࡟ࡼࡿ◊✲ࢆ᥎㐍ࡍࡿࡓࡵHigh resolution melting HRM ἲ࡟ࡼࡿኚ␗యࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࢽࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒
ࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࠊඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᑓ௵ࡢ◊✲ဨࢆ㓄⨨ࡋࡓࠋ㸴㸧࢔ࢧ࢞࢜ࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫ㈨ᩱ 3 ࡣࠊᘬࡁ⥆ࡁ⣔⤫⥔ᣢཬࡧ㓄௜ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㸵㸧᳜≀⛉Ꮫ᭱ඛ➃◊✲㈨ᩱ 3 ᥎㐍ࡢࡓࡵࠊ᳜≀⎔ቃไᚚࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠊගྜᡂᶵ⬟ゎᯒ⿦⨨ࠊḟୡ௦ D N A ࢩ࣮ࢡ࢚ࣥࢧ࣮ࢆᑟධࡋࠊࣔࢹ᳜ࣝ≀◊✲ᐇ㦂ᐊࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟ᩚഛࡋࡓࠋᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡼࡾඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࡢබເࢆ㛤ጞࡍࡿࠋ
㸶㸧ᮾ᪥ᮏ኱ᆅ㟈⿕⅏◊✲⪅ᨭ᥼㈨ᩱ 3 ࡢࡓࡵࠊᒸᓮ  ᶵ㛵ࠕඹྠ฼⏝◊✲≉ูࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࠖࢆ⥭ᛴ࡟❧ࡕୖࡆᑂᰝࢆ㛤ጞࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ࣓ࢲ࣭࢝ࢮࣈࣛࣇ࢕
ࢵࢩࣗࡢ㔜せ࡞⣔⤫࡟ࡘ࠸୍࡚᫬ཷධࢆ㛤ጞࡍࡿ࡞࡝⿕⅏◊✲⪅ࡢᨭ᥼ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ− 26 −

ᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ࡜ᗈሗάືࡢᒎ㛤ḢᕞศᏊ⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ (0%/ ࡜ࡢᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲㈨ᩱ3
㸯㸧E M B Lࡢ༠ຊࡢࡶ࡜ࠊ᪤ᏑࡢDSL M࡟᪂ࡋ࠸࣮ࣞࢨ࣮Ⓨ᣺ჾࠊ㧗ឤᗘC C D࣓࢝ࣛ࡞࡝ࢆ⿦ഛࡋࡓ᪂つDSL Mࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋ㸰㸧E M B L ࡜ࡢྜྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ➨  ᅇࢆ㛤ദࡋࠊ᭱ඛ➃㢧ᚤ㙾࡞࡝ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⏬ീྲྀᚓࠊ⏬ീฎ⌮࠾ࡼࡧࡑࢀࡽࡢᩘ⌮ⓗゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᐇ㊶ⓗ࡞᪉ἲㄽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢⓎ⾲ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ௒ᚋࡢ⏕≀Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᐃ㔞ⓗ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࣥࢢࡢព⩏ࠊᢏ⾡ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟Ⅼ࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚῝ࡃ㆟ㄽࢆࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏࡟ࡼࡾᘏᮇࡋࡓࠋ
ࣉࣜࣥࢫࢺࣥ኱Ꮫ࡜ࡢᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲㈨ᩱ 3㸯㸧᫖ᖺᗘ࡟⥾⤖ࡋࡓ㐃ᦠࢆඖ࡟ࠊྜྷ⏣ᯇ⏕ᩍᤵࠊ㔜ಙ⚽஧෸ᩍᤵࡀ⡿ᅜࣉࣜࣥࢫ
ࢺࣥ኱Ꮫࢆゼၥࡋࠊྠ኱Ꮫ࡟࠾࠸࡚Princeton-NIB Bࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮ࢆ㛤ദࡋࡓࠋ
㸰㸧ᖹᡂᖺᗘ࡟ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡛㛤ദணᐃࡢ⏕≀Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿໟᣓⓗゎᯒࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ࣑࢜ࢵࢡࢫࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ㐃ᦠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ㛤ദ࡟ྥࡅࡓ㆟ㄽࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࣐ࢵࢡࢫࣉࣛࣥࢡ᳜≀⫱✀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ 03,3= ࡜ࡢᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲㈨ᩱ3

NIB B-MPIPZ➨ᅇྜྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘“Plant Science Communications 2010”ࢆᖹᡂᖺ᭶᪥࠿ࡽ᪥࡟ᒸᓮࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡛㛤ദࡋࡓࠋᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲
ᡤࠊMPIPZࠊࢸ࣐ࢭࢡ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ T L L ࠊ୪ࡧ࡟ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝⿵ຓ㔠≉ᐃ㡿ᇦ◊✲ࠕ᳜≀࣓ࣜࢫࢸ࣒࡜ჾᐁࡢⓎ⏕ࢆᨭ࠼ࡿ᝟ሗ⤫ᚚ⣔ ௦⾲ྡྂᒇ኱
Ꮫᩍᤵ࣭⏫⏣Ὀ๎ ࠖ࠿ࡽࡢㅮ₇⪅ࢆ㏄࠼ࠊ᳜≀⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࡢᣐⅬᙧᡂ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ᳜
≀⛉Ꮫࡢ᭱๓⥺࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡋࡓࠋ
ࢸ࣐ࢭࢵࢡ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ 7// ࡜ࡢᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲㈨ᩱ 3㸯㸧ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࠊ ᪥࡟ᒸ⏣ΎᏕᡤ㛗ࠊ㛗㇂㒊ගὈᩍᤵ㸦ᅜ㝿㐃ᦠᢸᙜ㸧ࠊୖ㔝┤ேᩍᤵࡀࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝࢸ࣐ࢭࢡ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ Temasek Life Science
Laboratory; T L L ࢆゼၥࡋࠊT L L ࡢ◊✲⪅࡜ࡢ᠓ㄯࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ࡯࠿ࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢྛ◊✲ᐊࡢ◊✲࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⤂௓ࡋࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡜ T L L ࡜ࡢᏛ⾡஺ὶ༠ᐃ⥾⤖ࡢྍ⬟ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᡴデࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ༠ᐃෆᐜࡢㄪᩚࡢࡢࡕࠊ
ᖺ㛫ࡢᏛ⾡஺ὶࠊேᮦ஺ὶࠊᢏ⾡஺ὶࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓᏛ⾡஺ὶ༠ᐃࡀᖹᡂ  ᖺ ᭶  ᪥࡟⥾⤖ࡉࢀࡓࠋ


− 27 −

㸰㸧 ᭶࡟㛤ദࡉࢀࡓ➨  ᅇ NIB B-MPIPZ ྜྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ ”Plant Science
communications 2010”㸦ᒸᓮࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧࡛ࡣࠊT L L ࠿ࡽ  ྡࡢ◊✲⪅ࡀཧຍࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊලయⓗ࡞Ꮫ⾡஺ὶࡀ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋ
㸱㸧T L L ࡜ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡀࠊ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࢔ࢪ࢔ㅖᅜࡢཷㅮ⏕ࢆ㏄࠼ධࢀࡿᅜ
㝿ࣉࣛࢡࢸ࢕࢝ࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㸦ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢥ࣮ࢫ㸧ࢆィ⏬୰࡛ࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶࡟ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝഃ◊✲⪅࡜ᡴࡕྜࢃࡏࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶࡟ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞
ࣝ࡟࡚୧◊✲ᡤࡀᅜ❧ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ኱Ꮫࡸ IM C B (Institute of Molecular and Cell
Biology)ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡢ༠ຊࡢࡶ࡜ࠊᑠᆺ㨶㢮㸦࣓ࢲ࢝ࠊࢮࣈࣛࣇ࢕ࢵࢩࣗ㸧ࡢⓎ⏕㑇ఏᏛ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࢥ࣮ࢫࢆ㛤ദࡍࡿணᐃ࡛ࠊ⌧ᅾࡑࡢ‽ഛࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
1,%%ࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࡢ㛤ദ㈨ᩱ 3
⏕≀⎔ቃᛂ⟅◊✲ࡢ᭱ඛ➃ࡢ▱ぢࢆᅜ㝿ⓗ◊✲⪅࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㆟ㄽࠊ⤫ྜࡋࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸
᪉ྥᛶࢆᶍ⣴ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࠿ࡽ  ᪥࡟➨  ᅇ 1,%% ࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞ
ࣥࢫ”The Dynamic Genome”ࢆ㛤ദࡋࠊᅜෆ㸦 ྡ㸧࣭ᅜእ㸦 ྡ㸧ࡢᣍᚅ◊✲⪅ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟㛵㐃◊✲⪅ࡀ୍ᇽ࡟఍ࡋࡓࠋ
ࡑࡢ௚ᅜ㝿㐃ᦠάືᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡀࠊ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚⏕≀Ꮫศ㔝ࡢᾏእࡢ᪥ᮏே◊✲⪅ࢆ⧅ࡄࢿࢵ
ࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᵓ⠏ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓ㆟ㄽࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋᗈሗάື㸯㸧ᕷẸࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡋࡓ୍⯡බ㛤㈨ᩱ 3 ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࠊ ྡࡢཧຍ⪅ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰㸧ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫཬࡧ :HE ࣮࣌ࢪ࡛◊✲ᡂᯝࡢゎㄝグ஦ࢆᥖ㍕ࡋࡓ࡯࠿ࠊࣔࢹࣝ
⏕≀ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ◊✲ࠊ୪ࡧ࡟ᡤෆ◊✲⪅ࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿື⏬ࢆ :HE ࣮࣌ࢪ࡛㓄ಙࡋ᝟
ሗⓎಙ࡟ດࡵࡓࠋ
㸱㸧㢧ᚤ㙾⏕୰⥅࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕ࢚࢝ࣝࡢ༸ࡀ࢜ࢱ࣐ࢪࣕࢡࢩ࡟࡞ࡿࡲ࡛ࠖࢆᐇ
᪋ࡋࠊ:HE ୖ࡛㓄ಙࡋࡓࠋ
㸲㸧ᒸᓮᕷෆࡢ㧗ᰯࡢ⏕≀ᩍㅍࢆᑐ㇟࡟య㦂ᐇ⩦ࠕ୧⏕㢮⬇᧯సᐇ㦂ࠖཬࡧࠕⴥ࡜
ⰼࡢ⏕ࡲࢀࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠖࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ− 28 −

᪂㡿ᇦࡢ㛤ᣅ⏕≀Ꮫᅜ㝿㧗➼ࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫ㸦2%&㸧ࡢ㛤ദ㈨ᩱ 3

㸯㸧O B C ࡣࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫศ㔝࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࡢⓎ᥀࡜◊✲⪅ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ࢖ࢸ࢕ࡢᙧᡂࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ẖᖺ㛤ദࡉࢀࡿྜᐟᙧᘧࡢࣘࢽ࣮ࢡ࡞ᅜ㝿఍㆟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ➨ 8 ᅇ఍㆟ࡣࠊ”Speciation and Adaptation II: Environment and Epigenetics”
࡜㢟ࡋ࡚ᖹᡂ 23 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 25 ᪥࠿ࡽ 29 ᪥࡟ࢃࡓࡾᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸦ᒸᓮ㸧࡛㛤ദࡍ࡭ࡃ‽ഛࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࠋࠕ✀ศ໬࡜㐺ᛂࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡣᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫศ㔝࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㔜せࢸ࣮࣐࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊඛ࡟㛤ദࡉࢀࡓ O B C5 ࡛ࡶྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽ
ࢀࠊ”Ecological Genomics of Model Organisms”ࡢどⅬࡢࡶ࡜࡟᭱᪂ࡢ◊✲ᡂᯝࡢⓎ⾲࡜άⓎ࡞ウㄽࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࢀࡀዎᶵ࡜࡞ࡾ O B C ཧຍ⪅㛫࡛ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡞࡝ࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᅜ㝿஺ὶࡀ⢭ຊⓗ࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ O B C5࡛ⱆ⏕࠼ࡓᙜヱศ㔝࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞◊✲⪅ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ᙧᡂࡢẼ㐠ࢆࡉࡽ࡟୍ᒙ㐍ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊO B C8 ࡛ࡣࠊࠕ✀ศ໬࡜㐺ᛂࠖࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞どⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ⎔ቃ࡜࢚ࣆࢪ࢙ࢿࢸ࢕ࢡࢫࠖࢆ㔜Ⅼⓗ࡟ྲྀࡾୖࡆࠊᾏእ㸦⡿ᅜࠊⱥᅜࠊ
ࣇࣛࣥࢫࠊࢻ࢖ࢶࠊࢫ࢖ࢫࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔➼㸧࠿ࡽࡢ 18 ྡࡢᣍᚅ◊✲⪅㸦࠺
ࡕ 2 ྡࡣබເ࡟ࡼࡿཧຍ㸧࡟ຍ࠼࡚ 20 వྡࡢᅜෆᣍᚅ◊✲⪅㸦࠺ࡕ 7 ྡࡀබເ࡟ࡼࡿཧຍ㸧ࡀࠊࠕ⎔ቃ࡜࢚ࣆࢪ࢙ࢿࢸ࢕ࢡࢫࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭱᪂ࡢ◊✲ᡂᯝࢆᣢࡕᐤࡾࠊ᝟ሗ஺᥮ཬࡧウㄽࢆ⾜࠺ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏࡟ࡼࡾᘏᮇ
ࡢ㐠ࡧ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰㸧ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࡟㛤ദࡋࡓ➨  ᅇ 2%&ࠕඹ⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㐍໬ࠖ㛤ദᚋࠊྠ఍㆟࡬ࡢཧຍ⪅  ྡࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡾࠕඹ⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㐍໬ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ≉㞟ྕࢆ⦅㞟ࡋࠊᅜ㝿⥲ྜᏛ⾡ㄅ Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences ࡟ฟ∧ࡋࡓࠋ− 29 −

ⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂ ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡛ࡣࠊ⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ࣭ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷࡢᇶ┙ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡢᩍ⫱ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ≉ูඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ဨ࡜ࡋ࡚௚኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࢆཷࡅධࢀࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ᩍ⫱࡟༠ຊ࣭㈉⊩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢไᗘ࡟ࡼࡾᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡟ᅾ⡠ࡋࡓᏛ⏕࠿ࡽከࡃࡢேᮦࡀ㍮ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ኱Ꮫ㝔ᩍ⫱㈨ᩱ 3㸯㸧ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡣࠊ⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ࡟ࡼࡾࠊᢸᙜᩍဨᘏ࡭  ྡ࡛ࠊ ேࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔Ꮫ⏕࡟ᑐࡋࠊ ㅮ⩏㸦ᑓᨷࢆࡲࡓࡄඹ㏻⛉┠ࢆྵࡴ㸧
ࠊ ₇⩦ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࠊ㐺ษ࡟༢఩ㄆᐃࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ ྡ࡟ᑐࡋ༤ኈࡢᏛ఩ࠊ ྡ࡟ᑐࡋಟኈ
ࡢᏛ఩ࢆᤵ୚ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ  ྡࡢ≉ูඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ဨࢆ௚኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽཷࡅධࢀࡓࠋ
㸰㸧ࡇࢀࡽࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕࡟ࡣ 5$ ไᗘ࡟ࡼࡾࠊᖺ㛫⣙  ୓෇ࡢ⤒῭ⓗᨭ᥼ࢆ⾜࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡼࡾᖺ㛫  ୓෇࠿ࡽ  ୓෇ቑ㢠㸧ࠋ㸱㸧 Ἡ  ᪥ࡢྜྠࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮㸦ࣜࢺ࣮ࣜࢺ㸧ࢆ㛤ദࡋࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ
㑇ఏᏛᑓᨷࠊ⏕⌮⛉Ꮫᑓᨷࠊඛᑟ⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ࡢᩍဨࠊᏛ⏕࡜ࡢ஺ὶࢆಁ㐍ࡋࡓࠋ㸲㸧ⱥ఍ヰࠊⱥㄒࣉࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥྥୖࡢࡓࡵእᅜேㅮᖌࢆ㞠⏝ࡋᏛ⏕ࡢᩍ⫱ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㸳㸧」ᩘᣦᑟᩍဨไ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᏛ⏕  ே࠶ࡓࡾ  ேࡢᩍဨ࡜ࡢ㠃ㄯࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㸴㸧ᅜෆ኱Ꮫ⏕࣭኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔ㄝ᫂఍㸦ᮾி࡛ࡢᅇ࡜ᒸᓮ࡛ࡢ࢜
࣮ࣉࣥ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢྜィ࡛ྡࡀཧຍ㸧ࠊయ㦂ධᏛ㸦ྡࡀཧຍ㸧ࢆ㛤ദࡋࡓࠋ㸵㸧NIB B࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣥࢩࢵࣉไᗘ㸦ࢻ࢖ࢶࠊ࢚ࢪࣉࢺࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࠊ࣏ࣝࢺ࢞ࣝ࠿ࡽィ㸳ྡࢆᘏ࡭⣙㐌㛫ཷࡅධࢀ㸧ࢆά⏝ࡋᅜእ࠿ࡽࡢ␃Ꮫ⏕☜ಖ࡟ດࡵࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ
࡟ࠊᅾᏛ⏕ࡢᅜ㝿໬࡟ᙺ❧࡚ࡓࠋ௚኱Ꮫ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ㸯㸧ྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ㒊ཬࡧ㎰Ꮫ㒊ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ C O E ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࢆ㐍ࡵࠊᩍဨཬࡧᏛ
⏕ࡀࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡟ཧຍࡋ࡚◊✲ᩍ⫱ࡢ㐃ᦠࢆᅗࡗࡓࠋ
㸰㸧ி㒔኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉࡜ࡢ◊✲ཬࡧ኱Ꮫ㝔ᩍ⫱ࡢ㐃ᦠࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ࠊ◊✲ෆᐜࢆ┦஫࡟⤂௓ࡍࡿྜྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊྡྂᒇᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ࡜
ࡢ㐃ᦠ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶ཮᪉࡛༠㆟ࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋ
− 30 −

３．基礎生物学研究所の概要⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓ䠄ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ䠅ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢᴫせᖹᡂ䠎䠏ᖺ 䠒᭶䠍䠑᪥኱Ꮫඹྠ฼⏝ᶵ㛵ἲே⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ{2\AĥýƺćǒūėĻĸŀýùMJd%?
B%rQu*/VbX$ u3^Vq@hu*_%;¥§¤¡]%@ULS%ED v
JdkV Y2\-j\RuWJd~Om!as750NuJd~}WJ|0Nl v

P1
− 33 −

ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ䛾ἢ㠉ᖺ㡭࠿ࡽ⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲⪅ࡢ㛫࡟◊✲ᡤタ❧ࡢせᮃࡀ㧗ࡲࡾࠊ㛵㐃Ꮫ఍㸦᪥ᮏື≀Ꮫ఍ࠊ᪥ᮏ᳜≀Ꮫ఍➼㸧ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟✀ࠎ᳨ウࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
ᖺ ᭶ ᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟ࡣ➨ᅇ⥲఍࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⏕≀◊✲ᡤ ௬⛠ ୪ࡧ࡟⏕≀⛉Ꮫ◊✲஺ὶࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ௬⛠ ࡢタ❧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ෆ㛶⥲⌮኱⮧࡟່࿌ࡋࡓࠋ
ᖺ᭶ Ꮫ⾡ᑂ㆟఍ࡣࠊศᏊ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ ௬⛠ ཬࡧ⏕⌮Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ ௬⛠ ࢆ⥭ᛴ࡟タ❧ࡍ࡭ࡁ᪨ࠊᩥ㒊኱⮧࡟ሗ࿌ࡋࡓࠋ
ᖺ ᭶ ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ ๰タ ⏕⌮Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡜ඹ࡟⏕≀⛉Ꮫ⥲ྜ◊✲ᶵᵓࢆᙧᡂࠋ᱓ཎⴙኖኴ㑻 ึ௦ᡤ㛗ᑵ௵ࠋ◊✲⣔ ⣽⬊⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲⣔࣭Ⓨ⏕⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲⣔࣭ไᚚᶵᵓ◊✲⣔ ࠊᇵ㣴⫱ᡂ◊✲᪋タཬࡧᢏ⾡ㄢࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀࡓࠋᖺ ᭶ ᒸᓮᅜ❧ඹྠ◊✲ᶵᵓ ๰タ ศᏊ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤཬࡧ⏕≀⛉Ꮫ⥲ྜ◊✲ᶵᵓ ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊ⏕⌮Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ ࡣ⥲ྜ໬ࡉࢀࠊ◊✲ᡤࡣᒸᓮᅜ❧ඹྠ◊✲ᶵᵓ࡜ࡋ୍࡚యⓗ࡟㐠Ⴀࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ᖺ᭶ ⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ ๰タ ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡟ྠ኱Ꮫ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ศᏊ⏕≀ᶵᵓㄽᑓᨷ㸦㸱ᖺไࡢ༤ኈㄢ⛬ 㸧ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀࡓࠋᖺ ᭶ ᙧ㉁⤫ᚚᐇ㦂᪋タ タ⨨ᖺ ᭶ ᙧ㉁㌿᥮⏕≀◊✲᪋タ タ⨨ᖺ ᭶ ⏕࿨⎔ቃ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ タ⨨ᖺ ᭶ ࢔࢖ࢯࢺ࣮ࣉᐇ㦂᪋タࠊ⏕࿨⎔ቃ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᗫṆࠋᒸ㷂㸱◊✲ᡤࡢඹ㏻◊✲᪋タ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⤫ྜࣂ࢖࢜ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠊ
ィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠊື≀ᐇ㦂ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠊ࢔࢖ࢯࢺ࣮ࣉᐇ㦂ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࢆタ⨨ࠋᖺ ᭶ ᝟ሗ⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ タ⨨ᖺ ᭶ ኱Ꮫඹྠ฼⏝ᶵ㛵ἲே⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓ ๰タ ᅜ❧኱Ꮫἲேἲࡢ᪋⾜࡟ࡼࡾࠊᅜ❧ኳᩥྎࠊ᰾⼥ྜ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊ⏕⌮Ꮫ◊✲ᡤཬࡧศᏊ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡀ⤫ྜ෌⦅ࡉࢀࠊ኱Ꮫඹྠ฼⏝ᶵ㛵ἲே⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ⤫ྜࣂ࢖࢜ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮
ࡣᒸᓮ⤫ྜࣂ࢖࢜ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟ྡ⛠ኚ᭦ࠋ⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫࡣᅜ❧኱Ꮫἲே࡟⛣⾜ࠋ ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ ศᏊ⏕≀ᶵᵓㄽᑓᨷ
࡟㸳ᖺ୍㈏ไࡢ༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀࡓࠋᖺ ᭶ 㐃ᦠ࣭ᗈሗ௻⏬㐠Ⴀᡓ␎ᐊࢆタ⨨ࠋ⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ ศᏊ⏕≀ᶵᵓㄽᑓᨷࡣᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷ࡟ྡ⛠ኚ᭦ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
ᖺ ᭶ 㐃ᦠ࣭ᗈሗ௻⏬㐠Ⴀᡓ␎ᐊࢆ᝟ሗ࣭ᡓ␎ᐊ࡜ᗈሗᅜ㝿㐃ᦠᐊ࡟෌⦅ࠋ
ᖺ ᭶ ᇵ㣴⫱ᡂ◊✲᪋タࠊᙧ㉁㌿᥮⏕≀◊✲᪋タࠊ᝟ሗ⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠊศᯒᐊࢆ෌⦅ࡋ࡚
ࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡜⏕≀ᶵ⬟ゎᯒࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࢆタ⨨ࠋP2qĹģĚĸŀ¼ȨœŞɽaØÒa
2011.1.1ĵîðe.ÒÆʀőŨƹʘʗʛʙʚƭƷʁ
2010.9.1ĵîÑŌÒÆʀ-ŪgƚƭƷʁqĹģĚĸŀ¼Ȩa2010.10.1ĵʀ2011¢4åʆÜĠkʁĮŎÒÆʀĢv-ģĚƭƷʁ¼ƶÒÆʀěɽaɽ4ȼ^Ȳʁ

1 14
Jȓȶȫ
ǏŻG

9ÒÆ

15

ʀěɽaȼ^Ȳʁ

35

121

72
¿Ŷťa

27

46

GÒ
ʀěȼ^Ȳʁĸŀaʀ5Ǚǚ]ȩǮǩǣǣɷɐɾɛɩɃɺɾʁ

{Ƽģ

ŚƄ 331]

P3
− 34 −

qĹģĚĸŀ¼ȨĸŀœŞP4qĹģĚĸŀ¼ȨƑÑƁû¡»ǚǙ¢¥ǒĄŇǊŚǊǒǚǛ*ǚǠǘǘ6¡»ǚǛ¢¥ǒoŵʀƀƜȱʁǊ
ŚǊǒǚǞ*ǝǙǘǘ6¡»ǚǚ¢¥ǒĄŇǊŚǊǒǚǟ*ǜǜǘǘ6

700

746

667
ƦdƓƲŅ
1,431

1,367
322

322
339

1,486

302

26

158

48

426

431
436

276
156

16

28
48

60
281

1171

961

556

ɌɶɩȨÓȩƲǊʀPʏĬ6ʁ

− 35 −

P5

qĹģĚĸŀ¼ȨĉIqĹģĚĸŀ¼ȕıÄȝȴȨ
$
% 
&%
ɽǒi5yȨĸŀţȔȷ1Kȧȶȸȋ
ȋ2\ĸŀÉôȼKǁɽǒưĕ2\AĥĸŀȌɲɞɸģĚɽ¿Ŷ
ȋƸī2\AĥĸŀȌ$@2\AĥĸŀȌ
ȋĸŀȌ{mɔɭɋɟɺɌɶɩɽDSLMɽȋþDNAɒɾɍɼɐɾ2\AĥȋǏȌšÚƆAĥȌȦȥzúȦȋª¹Ȩ2\Aĥɽ2\ĸŀB¥ȼĐ'ɽǒɡɒɵɡɸɦɁɆɷɘɾɔ øȨƸɽǒ,ĭȦĸŀD»Ȍ,ƥĭýfȋƆ'ȧȶȹĸŀȨ»ȼıÄȝȍɽǒǮǩǣǣɏɼɩȾɹɼɔǔiƿƎǕȨƸ(ɽǒÿ<ģĚĸŀ¼ǒǔǦǭǣǬǕȌɮɜɋɔɫɶɼɋ
#öĚŦľĸŀ¼ǔǭǰǩǰǶǕȌɫɷɼɔɟɼ{Ȍɝɮȋȋȋɖɋģ_Ļĸŀ¼ǔǳǬǬǕȤȨiƿ2\ĸŀɽǒǦǭǣǬȔȷ/țȟ-ɒɾɟmǋ²ƴǥǲǬǭȦȥȌȋȋ
ɦɁɆɁɱɾɓɼɌØ¿ŶȨƸīȤáSɽǒɁɼəɾɡɒɵɡɸɫɶɋɝɀɇɸɏɾɔȨƸ(ɽǒi5yȨɱɞɀȿȼƠȜȢ·rȼī"ɽǒɫɹɔɷɷɾɔȌǵǦǣɭɾɓSȫYľ7ȧȶȹĸǒǒȋŀ¼ĉIȤĸŀţȨŒȵŬ1ƸƸ(ȋ!% ɽǒØǈnª»ȼıĭȤțȟģĚiƿȋǐŅɏɼɩȾɹɼɔʀʕʐʑʁȨƸ(ɽǒưĕ2\AĥĸŀȔȷØțȑǈnȋĸŀȕīƙ" % %ɽǒŚZĸŀ{Ƽ{ʀŚĸ{ʁqĹģĚȋÐȨ{ƼģȨÒŦȼÁ©ɽǒ{Ȩ{ƼģȼUȘ/ȺȌŚĸ{ģȋȤ\ŅȨÒŦĸŀĢvȼÉɽǒǮǩǣǣɩɃɺɾB¥ȨĉĥɽǒzȗȨéȼģĚɏɯɳɢɝɀȧƟȠȢȋȑȹȍɽǒiƿĭȦīȤi5yĸŀţȤȨȋ2\ĸŀȼĜ§ȝȹ,Ń%ED
-jJdrbJJdr

C#JdrDOmHJdrJdrptJdr   %r

P6RŢƔÖʆ

ƊÕøŝʀʆʁ

,ĭĸŀýƺȤțȢȌƣŗțȢ¬ǇEȨǐȑƊÕøŝ
ȼī"țŗȘȢȑȹ;3ʏƤ=æÜƥǭǯǯǫǒ{ɶɼɉɼɌʀǚǘǙǙ¢ǜåīŵʁŚZ§ĥ¥ÄÓȣʋǁƄçƹʀ¢ʁȧȻȟȠȢ ȧʇ
<Ʊ@ʀ<ģĚȌƪʁȣȴʋǁƄçƹʀ¢ʁȧȻȟȠȢ ȧʈ

P7
− 36 −

RŢƔÖʇ

ƊÕøŝʀʇʁ

)|«Impact Factor >6".teFŶƈ]

ǩȀȃǷǸȆǒǧǷǸȆȂȄǔǝǖȉǺǷȄǕ

ʇʅʅʋ

ʇʅʅʌ

ǮǷȆȇȄǺǤǺǿǿǛǚǗǡǘǞǒǛǚǗǞǚǠǒǙǒǔǘǕ

ǙǒǔǘǕ
ǙǒǔǙǕ

ǲǸǾǺȁǸǺǮǷȆȇȄǺǒǨǺȁǺȆǾǸȅǛǙǗǘǝǚǒǚǡǗǟǞǠǒǙǒǔǘǕ

ǤǺǿǿǒǲȆǺȀǒǤǺǿǿǮǷȆȇȄǺǒǤǺǿǿǒǣǾȂǿȂǼȉǚǛǗǝǞǛǙǡǗǘǞǚǒǮǷȆȇȄǺǒǭǺȆǽȂǹȅǮǷȆȇȄǺǒǤǽǺȀǾǸǷǿǒǣǾȂǿȂǼȉǙǞǗǡǘǟǒǙǞǗǟǛǠǮǷȆȇȄǺǒǮǺȇȄȂȅǸǾǺȁǸǺǪȂȇȄȁǷǿǒȂǻǒǤǿǾȁǾǸǷǿǒǩȁȈǺȅȆǾǼǷȆǾȂȁǙǞǗǞǙǟǒǙǞǗǝǡǚǙǒǔǙǕ

ǰǬȂǲǒǣǾȂǿȂǼȉǮǺȇȄȂȁǙǜǗǟǡǠǒǙǜǗǞǟǜǒǙǒǔǙǕ

ǨǺȁǺȅǒǓǒǥǺȈǺǿȂȃȀǺȁȆǥǺȈǺǿȂȃȀǺȁȆǷǿǒǤǺǿǿǙǜǗǙǡǠǒǙǜǗǘǝǠǒǭȂǿǺǸȇǿǷȄǒǤǺǿǿǤȇȄȄǺȁȆǒǣǾȂǿȂǼȉǙǛǗǡǚǡǒǙǙǗǝǟǙǒǰǿǷȁȆǒǤǺǿǿǰȄȂǸǗǒǮǷȆǿǗǒǢǸǷǹǗǒǲǸǾǗǒǴǲǢǙǘǗǞǟǡǙǘǗǛǙǚǚǒǔǘǕ
ǜǒǔǚǕ

ǪȂȇȄȁǷǿǒȂǻǒǤǺǿǿǒǣǾȂǿȂǼȉǰǬȂǲǒǨǺȁǺȆǾǸȅǦǭǣǯǒǪȂȇȄȁǷǿǙǘǗǙǚǙǒǙǘǗǘǘǘǡǗǛǡǝǒǙǒǔǘǕ

īŵ¢
ʇʅʅʍ

ʇʅʅʎ

ʇʅʆʅ

ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǙǒǔǘǕ

ɇɜɏ5ȩȌqģĸ
¼ĸŀţȕŷţʀC orresponding
AuthorʁȤȦȠȢȑ
ȹƊÕÓʀ5ÓʁǛǒǔǛǕ
ǙǒǔǙǕ
ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǛǒǔǚǕ
ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǙǒǔǘǕ
ǙǒǔǘǕ
ǙǒǔǘǕ
ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǛǒǔǘǕ

ǙǒǔǙǕ

ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǙǒǔǘǕ
ǙǒǔǙǕ

ǙǒǔǙǕ

ǙǒǔǘǕ
ǙǒǔǙǕ

ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǙǒǔǙǕ
ǙǒǔǙǕ

ǙǒǔǙǕ
ǜǒǔǘǕ
ǞǒǔǜǕ

ǜǒǔǛǕ
ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǜǒǔǙǕ
ǝǒǔǝǕ

ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǛǒǔǙǕ
ǞǒǔǙǕ
ǙǒǔǘǕ

ǙǒǔǙǕ

P8

RŢƔÖʈ ¡»22¢¥ĻĸƓɟɜɫ300ýƺɶɼɉɼɌ
ʆȐȟȸȨƲǊʀZƄʄÇÀÓʁ
7,307
5,447
5,023
5,087
4,483

14,1302010¢8å6ÜĻØŤƲǊʀPǒN6ʁ

P9
− 37 −

RŢƔÖʉń ĭƔƲȨğ®ĝĆ

ľ@

ľǌ

ĸŀţ

Ɖǉ]ʀĩļʁçƹƲǊʀN6ʁ ĿŇçƹ

ĻĸƓ

ŶD»

Ħčǒ¼ƶ<Lĝ¹ɒɌɡɸ

¡19-23

417,6000çƹʀ ʁ

ĻĸƓ

ŶD»

ƱĦÝâǒÒÆ¶ µB¯

¡19-23433,1000çƹʀ ʁ

ĻĸƓ

ŶD»

uƏźǒÒÆfɐɁɕ

¡18-22330,0000çƹʀ ʁ

ĻĸƓ

ě@Èƥ

{ƽŭ3ǒÒÆ*ɆɾɟɩȾɓɾ

¡19-23431,9000çƹʀ ʁ

ĻĸƓěǈnʀʁ

žê£|ǒÒÆɆɸɈɣɶ<L¡16-21

173,600¡16-20ĻĸƓěǈnʀʁ

ƋüºƬǒÒÆ**µ<Lýù

¡16-21

211,200¡16-19ĻĸƓěǈnʀʁ

ƱĲǒÒÆīģɒɔɝɰ

¡12-17

128,700¡16-17ĻĸƓØŶǈnʀʁ

[ĦîģǒÒÆƮ&£őŨ¡20-24200,0000çƹʀ ʁ

ĻĸƓØŶǈnʀʁŲõ «ǒÒÆőŨɏɯɳɢɝɀ

¡21-25215,0000çƹʀ ʁĻ¿Å

E R AT O

ƶƏƭ-ĈǒÒÆ<L0ũµƥL¡17-211,600,000¡17-20

Ļ¿Å

SORST

ƶēeǒÒÆ***

µĭVtµ

¡17-21

128,310¡17-20ĻĸƓØŶǈnʀʁ

õbǀǒÒÆ{ŪØįƕùŉ

¡23-2674,880¡»20-21ĻĸƓØŶǈnʀʁ

ƶƏƭ-ĈǒÒÆŽZƩ´ªƕ¡23-26

48,100¡»20-21Åä,Ńɽþ

îðǒe.ǒÒÆ

öĚɭɫɛɠ

¡23-25142,0000çƹʀ ʁÅä,Ńɽþ

ĮŎǒÒÆ-Z»¡23-25133,0000çƹʀ ʁ

* ¡»21¢4åȋíø{ȧƛ;** ¡»19¢4åȋ {ȧƛ;P10***¡»23¢4åȋ¸~{ȧƛ;RŢƔÖʊ

2\AĥĸŀŅȨÚĝĆ
ÚÓ

ľ@

ưĕ2\Aĥĸŀ

¡»ʆʍ¢
¥
ʈ

ɲɞɸģĚɽ¿ŶƸī2\Aĥĸŀ

¡»ʆʎ¢¥¡»ʇʅ¢¥¡»ʇʆ¢¥¡»ʇʇ¢¥

ʆ

ʅ

ʆ

4

ʇ

ʈ

ʈ

ʇ

$@2\Aĥĸŀ

ʈʌ

ʉʈ

ʉʎ

ʊʉ

68

ĸŀ

ʆ

ʊ

ʊ

ʈ

ʈ

{mɔɭɋɟɺɌɶɩ
2\AĥǏ

ʆʍ

ʆʉ

ʆʆ

ʆʅ

ʍ

éÃMZ6aéÃMZ6aßJJ§ß6aßJJ§ß6aßJJ§ß6a

D SLM
2\AĥǏʌßJJ§ß6aþD N Aɒɾɍɼɐɾ
2\AĥǏ11ßJJ§ß6aÚƆAĥʀ<ïʁʀɟɹɾɢɼɌšʁʂ

ʅ

ʆ

ʅ

ʅ

1ʂ

Ƅ

59

ʋʋ

ʋʍ

ʌʆ

ʎʉ

¦¢¨Jdw>b]on%ufI¬®`Z1v
fI­­`ZuB'c °´±²g8GP°³¯xªxn|]on:(4Kony£©x¤ªx :<9zi=1v

P11
− 38 −ཧ⪃㈨ᩱ䠒

ඹྠ฼⏝◊✲䜢᥎㐍䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾䠎䛴䛾䝉䞁䝍䞊ဃཋೞᏡᚐௌǻȳǿȸȢȇȫဃཋᄂᆮǻȳǿȸဃཋƷೞᏡǛ‫ٶ‬᩿ႎƴᚐௌƢǔƨǊƷೞ֥ŴȐǤǪǤȡȸǸȳǰƷƨǊƷ᫋ࣇᦟŴᐔ‫ٻ‬ƳȇȸǿǛᚐௌƢǔƨǊƷऴ‫إ‬ϼྸೞ֥ǛஊƠŴဃཋೞᏡᚐௌƷૼƨƳ૾ඥᛯƷ᧏ႆǛᘍƬƯƍǇƢŵ

ᡲઃဃཋೞᏡऴ‫إ‬Ўௌܴ㻢㻜ᆔ᫏㻝㻜㻜ӨƴƷǅǔ‫ٶ‬ಮƳЎௌೞ֥Ǜ৑ϋ‫ٳ‬Ʒᄂᆮᎍƴ੩̓ŵཎƴŴഏɭˊ㻰㻺㻭ǷȸǯǨȳǵȸǍЎௌೞǛМဇƠƨೞᏡȟǯǹƴщǛλǕƯƍǇƢŵ

ഏɭˊǷȸǯǨȳǵȸȢȇȫဃཋσӷМဇᄂᆮƷɶఋਗໜƱƠƯȐǤǪȪǽȸǹȗȭǸǧǯȈᲢNBRPᲣƱǋᡲઃƠŴಮŷƳȢȇȫဃཋǛᏋ঺᫫Ꮛŵ‫׎‬ϋ‫ٳ‬ƷȢȇȫဃཋᄂᆮǛǵȝȸȈƢǔ˳СǛૢƑƯƍǇƢŵ

‫ٶ‬ಮƳȢȇȫဃཋ

Ȫǽȸǹ
ȎǦȏǦ
Ʒ੩̓

ή‫ܖ‬ᚐௌܴ

ȞȸȢǻȃȈ
ǷȧǦǸȧǦȐǨ

ȷ‫׹ٻ‬ǹȚǯȈȭǰȩȕ
ɭမஇ᭗ǯȩǹƷЎή֥ưƋǓŴဃཋ‫ܖ‬Ʒᄂᆮƴᧈ࠰̅ǘǕƯƍǇƢŵƜƜƔǒ‫ٶ‬ƘƷ᣻ᙲƳႆᙸƕƳƞǕƯƍǇƢŵ

ǷȭǤȌȊǺȊ
ȞǦǹ‫׹ٻ‬ǹȚǯȈȭǰȩȕ
ȷή‫ܖ‬᫋ࣇᦟ᫏
ӲᅈƷσ໰ໜȬȸǶȸ᫋ࣇᦟŴʚή‫܇‬᫋ࣇᦟŴ㻰㻿㻸㻹ᲢȇǸǿȫឥ௹‫׹‬ȩǤȈǷȸȈ᫋ࣇᦟᲣŴ㻵㻾㻙㻸㻱㻳㻻Ტហ‫ٳ‬ȬȸǶȸᢡˡ‫܇‬ႆྵ᫋ࣇᦟᲣƳƲǛ̬ஊƠŴ৑ϋȷ৑‫ٳ‬Ʒᄂᆮᎍƕଐࠝႎσ໰ໜ᫋ࣇᦟ
ƴσӷМဇƠƯƍǇƢŵ

ऴ‫إ‬ሥྸᚐௌܴ

ȟȤǳǰǵσӷМဇᄂᆮሁƴǑǔ৑‫ٳ‬ᄂᆮᎍƷӖλǕȒȡȄȪǬȍǴǱ ǼȖȩȕǣȃǷȥ

ȷ᣻ໜσӷМဇᄂᆮσஊȡȢȪ‫׹‬ᚘምǵȸȐƱЎ૝ϼྸဇᚘ
ምೞǯȩǹǿǛɼ᠆ƱƠƨžဃཋऴ‫إ‬ᚐௌǷǹȆȠſǛᢃဇƠŴဃཋऴ‫إ‬ƷᚐௌŴȇȸǿșȸǹƷನሰŴᚐௌȄȸȫƷ᧏ႆŴဒ΂ᚐௌဃཋऴ‫إ‬ᚐௌǷǹȆȠȇ
ϼྸƷૅੲǛᘍƬƯƍǇƢŵ
ǣǹǯǢȬǤᘺፗ২ᘐᎰՃƴǑǔǵȝȸȈǍᄂᆮᎍƴǑǔяᚕ

ȸȈ

ȟǸȳǳ
ǢȕȪǫȄȡǬǨȫ

ඹྠ฼⏝◊✲

ȷȢȇȫဃཋȷ২ᘐ᧏
ႆσӷМဇᄂᆮ
ȷ‫׹ٻ‬ǹȚǯȈȭǰȩ
ȕσӷМဇ᬴ܱ
ȷ㻰㻿㻸㻹σӷМဇ᬴ܱȷഏɭˊ㻰㻺㻭ǷȸǱȳǵȸσӷМဇ᬴ܱ

ȡȀǫȢȇȫѣཋᄂᆮૅੲܴ
Ռʐѣཋ᫫Ꮛ᧏ႆૅੲȦȋȃȈ‫׹ݱ‬ᮄ᫏᫫Ꮛ᧏ႆૅੲȦȋȃȈȢȇȫѣཋᚐௌૅੲȦȋȃȈȡȀǫȐǤǪȪǽȸǹȦȋȃȈ
Ȣȇȫౡཋᄂᆮૅੲܴ
ǢǵǬǪȐǤǪȪǽȸǹȦȋȃȈ
֥‫ؔܫ‬᫱ᄂᆮૅੲܴ

Ȓȉȩ᫫Ꮛᚨͳȷ᬴ܱ২ᘐƷ੩̓ǍᄂᆮᎍƴǑǔяᚕȷ̾КσӷМဇᄂᆮ

Ȣ

ǵȝȸȈ

πѪ

ᅜෆእ䛾኱Ꮫ䞉◊✲ᶵ㛵P12ཧ⪃㈨ᩱ䠓 ᪋タ฼⏝䠖䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䝁䞊䝇ᐇ⩦ᐊᇶ⏕◊୺ദ䛾ᅜ㝿ᐇ⩦䝁䞊䝇㛤ദ䛾䛯䜑䛻ᩚഛ䛥䜜䛯ᐇ⩦ᐊ䜢ᡤእ୺ദ䛾ᐇ⩦䝁䞊䝇䛻฼⏝䛷䛝䜛䜘䛖䚸ඹྠ฼⏝䠄᪋タ฼⏝䠅䛸䛧䛶
ᖹᡂ22ᖺᗘᐇ᪋ศ䛛䜙බເ㛤ጞ䚹᪂Ꮫ⾡㡿ᇦ◊✲䛂୕ḟඖᵓ㐀䜢෌ᵓ⠏䛩䜛෌⏕ཎ⌮䛾ゎ᫂䛃୺ദ䛾෌⏕⏕≀Ꮫ䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䝁䞊䝇䜢ᐇ᪋䚹䠄ᖹᡂ23ᖺ䠏᭶䠒í䠍䠍᪥䠅฼⏝䛷䛝䜛タഛ➼ᐇ⩦ᐊ䠄ᕥ䠅ഛရ䠖ᐇయ㢧ᚤ㙾䠄䠍䠌ྎ䠅䚸⺯ගᐇయ㢧ᚤ㙾䚸⺯ග㢧ᚤ㙾䚸㢧ᚤ㙾䝕䝆䝍䝹䜹䝯䝷䚸䝬䜲䜽䝻䝙䞊䝗䝹స〇⿦⨨䚸P C R⿦⨨䚸᣺┞ᇵ㣴ჾ䚸ᜏ ჾ䠄-10ࠥ50Υ䠅䛺䛹䝭䞊䝔䜱䞁䜾䝹䞊䝮䠄ྑ䠅ഛရ䠖䝜䞊䝖䝟䝋䝁䞁䚸ᾮᬗ䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝍䚸䝁䞊䝠䞊䝯䞊䜹䞊䛺䛹− 39 −

P13

RŢƔÖʍ ɱɚɇɦɁɆɷɘɾɔÂĕɽɱɚɇɽɦɁɆɷɘɾɔ øȨóýƺȍɽɷɘɾɔȨÔ'ɽŘÃɽÉȼŵȠȢȑȹȍɽÕƭĻĳɡɒɵɡɸɦɁɆɷɘɾɔ
ȋɫɺɓɃɋɟȨÎÊȼUȘȢȑȹȍ













¼űɷɘɾɔ
ɱɚɇʏōʊʅʅľǌʀģǑȕōʋʅľǌȌĀȸȩ:ŔŊ!ʁ
D N Aʏ0ƶcD N Aȋ25ɋɺɾɼʀəɼɧɋƕɏɾɠƪȨ6-7Cȼɇɦɾʁ
ȋȋȋȋE S TʀīĠƮ>×ęʁȋ12ɋɺɾɼʀcD N AƮ>Ȩ\Ȍ÷Őȧ³ſʁȋȋȋȋɎɤɰ×ęȋ29ɋɺɾɼʀȭȮɱɚɇ0Ɏɤɰȼɇɦɾʁ



¡»19¢¥¡»20¢¥¡»21¢¥¡»22¢¥i@ȋģǑȨÉÓ














 









¡»20¢¥¡»21¢¥





ʁ


 ʀɾ 



¡»22¢¥i@ȋɎɤɰɷɘɾɔʀ 

¡»20¢¥¡»21¢¥¡»22¢¥{Ņýƺ@ȋ LƯŏȨÉÓȨÉÓ

P14

RŢƔÖʎ ȿɐɈɆɦɁɆɷɘɾɔ
ɲɞɸģĚĸŀɖɼəɾȋȿɐɈɆɦ
ɁɆɷɘɾɔɴɢɜɟȣȩȌɡɒɵɡɸɦ
ɁɆɷɘɾɔɫɺɓɃɋɟɽȿɐɈɆʀ
ŷýƺʏ {ʁȨɐɪýƺȤțȢȌ
ȿɐɈɆȨYľɷɘɾɔȨTǁɽ!ɽ
ÉȼŵȠȢȑȹȍqģĸȣ¾ȠȢȑȹɷɘɾɔ
<HKI  <HKIó  ô<HKI  <HKI
7=;:)âÉ¼,ÂÅóµÑw²ÂÅô ÂÅàáÂÅ ÂÅqģĸȨŕŝ ¢¥

ɋɺɾɼ

ľ

¡»ʇʆ¢¥ʌʀʈʍɋɺɾɼʁ

ʉʀʌŋŖʁ¡»ʇʇ¢¥ʇʀʈʅɋɺɾɼʁ

ʆʀʆŋŖʁʀɲɞɸģĚĸŀɖɼəɾǒɲɞɸöĚĸŀÎÊǒjsʁ

P15
− 40 −ཧ⪃㈨ᩱ10 ᳜≀⛉Ꮫ᭱ඛ➃◊✲ᣐⅬ᳜≀⛉Ꮫ᭱ඛ➃◊✲ᣐⅬ䝛䝑䝖䝽䞊䜽z ᅜෆእ䛾◊✲⪅䛜䜰䜽䝉䝇䛧䜔䛩䛔◊✲⎔ቃ䜢ᥦ౪z ᚠ⎔ᆺ♫఍䛻㈉⊩䛧䜾䝸䞊䞁䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻㈨䛩
䜛᳜≀⛉Ꮫ◊✲䜢᥎㐍

ḟୡ௦DNA䝅䞊䜽䜶䞁䝃䞊䝅䝇䝔䝮㎿㏿䛺ཎᅉ㑇ఏᏊ䛾ྠᐃ䜔⥙⨶ⓗ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧䝥䝻䝣䜯䜲䝹䚸䜽䝻䝬䝏䞁ಟ㣭ゎᯒ➼䛜ྍ⬟䛻 200 G b/we ek䛾㧗㏿䝅䞊䜽䜶䞁䝅䞁䜾ගྜᡂᶵ⬟ゎᯒ⿦⨨䠄⸴㢮䠅 ᙉග᮲௳䠈᎘Ẽ᮲௳䛺䛹䛾㝈⏺⎔ቃୗ䛷⏕⫱䛥䛫䛯ᚤ⣽⸴㢮䛾ගྜᡂᶵ⬟ゎᯒ䛜ྍ⬟16ගྜᡂᶵ⬟ቑ኱䛾䛯䜑䛾㑇ఏᏊྠᐃ䜔䠈䝞䜲䜸䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊⏕⏘䜈䛴䛺䛜䜛᳜≀௦ㅰไᚚ䝅䝇䝔䝮䛜᫂䜙䛛䛻᳜≀⎔ቃไᚚ䝅䝇䝔䝮䠄⏬ീ䝕䞊䝍㓄ಙ䠅⏬ീ䝕䞊䝍㓄ಙ䝅䝇䝔䝮䛻䜘䜚䚸㐲㝸ᆅ䛛䜙䛾㛗ᮇ⎔ቃᛂ⟅䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾䛜ྍ⬟䛻 ᳜≀䛾⎔ቃᛂ⟅䜔ኚ␗య䛾⾲⌧ᆺ䜢㛗ᮇ䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾䛜䛷䛝䜛ேᕤẼ㇟⿦⨨䚹 ⏬ീ䝕䞊䝍䛿䜲䞁䝍䞊䝛䝑䝖䜢௓䛧䛶እ㒊䛛䜙䜰䜽䝉䝇䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ྍ⬟

P16

RŢƔÖ11 íÜè{lǃŸĔĸŀţÎÊ2 íMȌƺílÙȨ{ŅȌĸŀýƺȨ
ŸĔĸŀţʀ{Ƽģȼ^ȲʁȧĸŀȨsȼÉ
2 ÓÜȔȷÓƤƹȨđkȨȟȳȨ­°ȨÛƓȤđkƓȼÎŕ

2 íM{ȌNŰ{ȌĤø¿ŶŚZĸŀ¼ʀȡȗȪʁȔȷʈȼUȘ/ȺƸ}2 í{ȔȷʆUȘ/Ⱥò

2șȨȧȌɦɁɆɷɘɾɔɴɢɜɟȧȓȑȢɱɚɇɽɗɪɶ
ɩɀɜɒɳưſŋŖȨàƫǂȨȟȳȌģǑSȫ:ŔŊȨ!ňȼUȘ/Ⱥ
P17
− 41 −

RŢƔÖ12 Ɍɺɾɦɸɣɜɟɻɾɋª»
欧州分子生物学研究所（EMBL）<ƱƹƣËƉǉʏþǋ²ƴ
ȧȶȹģĚĢv´ņȨĸŀ

情報交流（合同国際会議）

技術交流（新顕微鏡DSLMの導入）

2005年から日本とドイツで9回開催

2009年から共同利用機器として提供開始

人材交流（若手研究者や学生の相互訪問）
2009年10月には総研大学生および連携している名古屋大学Global COEの学生を派遣し学生シンポジウム開催

マックスプランク
植物育種学研究所（MPIPZ）
情報交流（合同国際会議）

・ 新領域形成を目的として、2004年から７回開催
・ 国内外の数十人の研究者を一週間缶詰に

基礎生物学
研究所
プリンストン大学

国内の大学から参加者を公募し2009年8月に第1回会議、2010年11月に第2回会議を開催

バイオインフォマティクスやタンパク質化学を軸に国際共同研究・人材交流

テマセック生命科学研究所

植物に関する共同研究
2009年度に共同研究打ち合わせのために若手研究者を全国公募し派遣
2010年から実際の共同研究を開始

生物学国際高等コンファレンス

共同研究の推進、学生および研究者の交流、実習コースの共催などを企画

NIBBコンファレンス

先端研究のテーマに関する研究交流を目的とした国際会議 基生研創設以来57回開催

インターナショナルプラクティカルコース
・2007年より「小型魚類研究」と「コケ植物研究」をテーマに5回開催
・コース専用の実験室と交流室を整備

ゲノムインフォマティクストレーニングコース（バイオインフォマティックストレーニングコースから改称）

2009年8月・9月および2010年３月に開催。最新
機器解析から得られるデータ処理法を講習。

P18

RŢƔÖ13ʒʖʓʔȨ/ȤÏŭEMBLƸīȨɶɁɟɒɾɟmǋ²ƴDSLMȼ/ʀEMBLyȬȨ?ÉʁHƘ-ȼɶɁɟɒɾɟȧȝȹșȤȣȌHƘ-ȼƂ¡ǅȧǁȣȖȹĂµȌƞŮȨĎȌĘàƹȨķŜD N AʀǄʁȌ
²ňʀśʁȌőŨŷȿɋɛɼʀƖʁȨưñŮȼțȟ
ɮɂɔ6.5Üŧ
ȨD SLM)

 S PIMȣȩ-ĭȧɶɁɟɒɾɟȼȠȢȑȟȨȧț
ȢȌD SLMȣȩɹɾɑɾ-ȼɯɶɾȣƗòțȌÍĭȦɶɁɟɒɾɟȼĠ-ěµȨÏcģȖȟȰȰȨģĚƇÖȼČƭȰȣȌƝơȧȌÞȹȗȌƶàƹƂȣȖȹȍƇÖȼĽIȚȞȹșȤȦțȧł)ȼÌ¬ȣȖȹØțȑ-ɒɾɟmǋ²ƴȼȌ2Ėĕǋ²ƴȨÏƢȧȶȠȢ
żțȌä{40 frames/secȨàƹƃ)¥ȼƧ»țȟȍǒ

P19
− 42 −

iƿƎɽšɏɾɔŅȨƸ(ĝĆʀʆʁRŢƔÖʆʉ
EMBLとの合同シンポジウム

テーマ

日程・場所

参加人数
（国内・国外）

目的や成果

第1回

Developmental Biology

2005年7月

ハイデルベルグ（ドイツ）（10・36）

基生研、EMBL双方の主要研究領域のひとつである発生生物学を最初のテーマとして選び、情報交換・交流を図った。

第2回

Frontiers in Bioimaging

2005年8月

岡崎市（日本）（141・16）

本国際連携の中心テーマである「バイオイメージング」をテーマにしたもので、EMBLからの新型顕微鏡DSLM導入のきっかけとなった。

第3回

Monterotondo Mouse Biology Meeting

2006年2月

モンテロトンド（イタリア）（8・16）

欧州のマウス施設の中核となるEMBL（モンテロトンド）の視察を兼ねたもので、後に現在立案中の自然科学研究機構の霊長類研究センター将来計画の基礎となった。

第4回

Biology of Protein Conjugation: From Structure to Biology

2006年7月

岡崎市（日本）（69・13）

EMBLの放射光施設（グルノーブル）との共同研究を視野に入れた会議で、基生研の大隅教授がリードするタンパク質修飾とその構造解析をテーマに開催された。

第5回

Cell and Developmental Biology

2007年5月

岡崎市（日本）（54・7）

比較的少人数で議論を深める形態で開催した。EMBLからの研究者は会議後、発生生物学
学会・細胞生物学会合同年会（福岡）にも出席し、日本の研究者との交流を深めた。

第6回

Evolution of Epigenetic Regulation

2008年3月

ハイデルベルグ（ドイツ）（8・40）

さまざまな生物種における制御機構を比較し、その進化機構について議論を行った。本会
議の参加者の一部はEMBLの会議に招へいされるなどの分野内での交流も続いている。

第7回

Systems Biology and Functional Genomics Workshop

2008年4月

バルセロナ（スペイン）（12・25）「システム生物学」をテーマとして、EMBLのシステム生物学ユニットがあるバルセロナ
研究施設で開催した。大量の生物情報からの意味抽出などについて議論され、HFSPによる共同研究にも結びついた。

第8回

Evolution: Genomes, Cell Types and Shapes

2008年11月

岡崎市（日本）（85・14）

動植物の進化機構について分子から細胞、個体という異なるレベルで、また生態、動植物をとりまく環境も考慮した進化について深い議論がなされた。

第9回

Functional Imaging from Atoms to Organisms

2009年4月

岡崎市（日本）（73・14）

第２回シンポ以降4年間の技術革新について紹介された。とくに画像データの定量解析の必要性が示され、今後の基生研におけるバイオイメージング推進に重要な示唆を与えた。

参加人数（国内・国外）

目的や成果

OBC

OBCテーマ

日程・場所

第1回

The Biology of Extinction

2004年1月

岡崎市（日本）（22・43）「絶滅の生物学」をテーマに開催され、数理モデルから実験生物学までさまざまなアプ
ローチで展開される研究が紹介された。このユニークな会議の内容はNature誌にもとりあげられOBCの目的などが紹介された。

第2回

Terra Microbiology

2004年9月

志摩市（日本）（28・22）

地球上のさまざまな環境における微生物の生態の多様性を分子機構にまで掘り下げ、 「地球圏微生物学」として、地球の今日の姿を支えた微生物の役割や他生物との共生システム
について議論した。

第3回

The Biology of Extinction 2

2006年3月

岡崎市（日本）（18・33）「絶滅の生物学」の第2回目で、化石DNA解析など古生物学への分子生物学的アプローチの導入など、新しい研究手法についての発表があり、気候、人為的な環境変化が及ぼす影響など、新しい視点での議論がさらに深められた。

第4回

Terra Microbiology 2

2006年9月

岡崎市（日本）（31・26）

第2回OBCに引き続き、微生物ゲノム解析に焦点を当てて、窒素代謝といった研究を例に取りながら「メタゲノミックス」の現状と展望について議論した。ここでの先見的議論は、その後の砂漠問題の解決や宇宙微生物学の発展に大きく寄与した。

第5回

Speciation and Adaptation -Ecological Genomics of Model
Organisms and Beyond-2007年3月

岡崎市・掛川市（日本）（35・35）生物の多様性獲得の仕組みを理解するために、種分化に果たした適応における遺伝子、およびエピジェネティックな変異が集団に固定されたしくみを考察した会議で、非モデル生物の種分化についても議論された。

第6回

Marine Biology

2007年12月

岡崎市・伊勢市（日本）（21・13）海洋国としての日本が、海洋生物学の発展を先導する役割を果たした会議で、海洋生物の生態、共生などについて発表があり、臨海実験所の整備の重要性や国際コンソーシアム形
成などについても議論された。

第7回

The Evolution of Symbiotic Systems
共生システムの進化

2010年1月

岡崎市・掛川市（日本）（30・12）

所外の研究者からオーガナイザーを選ぶこれまでの方針を転換し、新任の川口教授をオーガナイザーの一人として、生物界に見られる多様な共生のしくみとその進化を議論した。

RŢƔÖʆʊ

P20

iƿƎɽšɏɾɔŅȨƸ(ĝĆʀʇʁNIBBコンファレンス（最近5年間）
コーステーマ

日程

参加者（国内・国外）

目的や成果

第53回

Dynamic Organelles in Plants
オルガネラの動態から見た植物の生存戦略

2006年6月（189・13）

基礎生物学研究所がリードする酵母・高等植物のオルガネラ研究の最先端ト
ピックについて情報交換が行われた。

第54回

New Frontiers for the Medaka Model -Genome, Bioresources and Biology
モデル生物メダカの新たな発展

2008年2月（77・10）ナショナルバイオリソース「メダカ」の中核機関に選定されたことを受けて企画され、世界に基礎生物学研究所が国際的なメダカ研究の拠点であることが示された。

第55回

Frontiers of Plant Science in the 21st Century
21世紀の植物科学研究

2008年9月（132・15）岡田清孝所長、西村幹夫教授が中心となり企画され、植物研究の将来展望について議論された。基生研を中心とした植物研究の国際連携発展への礎となった会議。

第56回

Neocortical Organization
大脳皮質

2010年3月（125・11）

山森哲雄教授が中心となって企画され、大脳皮質の構造と機能に関する最新研究成果を議論した会議。

第57回

The Dynamic Genome
ダイナミックゲノム

2010年10月（22・6）

堀内嵩教授が中心となって企画され、ゲノムの動的振る舞いについて、遺伝
子増幅、染色体構造の安定化などを中心に議論が行われた会議。

日程

参加者（国内・国外）目的や成果

インターナショナルプラクティカルコース
コーステーマ
第1回

Developmental Genetics of Zebraﬁsh and Medaka

2007年1月（2・8）

高田慎治教授を中心として、日本が世界をリードする小型魚類の遺伝子組み換え技術や、突然変異体の遺伝子マッピング、イメージング法などを指導。

第2回

Developmental Genetics of Zebraﬁsh and Medaka II

2008年3月（2・10）

前年に続いて、高田慎治教授および成瀬清准教授を中心として、小型魚類の遺伝子組み換え技術や、突然変異体の遺伝子マッピング、イメージング法な
どを指導。

第3回

The NIBB Laboratory Course and Workshops on Physcomitrella patens 20082008年7月（5・6）

長谷部光泰教授が中心となって進めている原始植物としてのヒメツリガネゴ
ケをモデル植物として普及し、遺伝子解析等の技術指導を行うためのコース。
希望者が多く次年度も開催することとなった。

第4回

The NIBB Laboratory Course and Workshops on Physcomitrella patens 20092009年7月（5・12）

前年に続いて、ヒメツリガネゴケのコースを実施。10カ国より受講生が集った。

第5回

Developmental Genetics of Zebraﬁsh and Medaka III

2010年1月（2・13）

田中実准教授、成瀬清准教授らを中心として、モデル生物としてのメダカの普及と技術指導を行うためのコース。メダカバイオリソースプロジェクトと連動。

ゲノムインフォマティクス・トレーニングコース（バイオインフォマティクス・トレーニングコースから改称）
コーステーマ

日程

参加者（国内・国外）目的や成果
遺伝子発現解析の強力なツールとなっているマイクロアレイ解析で得られる大量のデータから生物学的な意味を抽出するために、マイクロアレイデータを正しく解析する手法について講義・演習を行う。

第1回／
第2回

マイクロアレイを用いた遺伝子発現解析

2009年8月／
9月（16・0）8月（18・0）9月

改称
第１回

次世代DNAシークエンサーデータ解析入門

2011年3月（23・0）− 43 −

次世代シークエンサーから得られるデータを解析し生物学的な情報を抽出するための、基礎的技術と考え方を講習。

P21

RŢƔÖʆʋ

Ŭ1ƸȎǏɿģȖĚĸŀŁƹȏǒ2010.10.2{?_:(94K&[Tu
Jd%,LSA}+{

2
2
2
2
2

]ƳɥɁɉɼɌɽȘȽȯȺȽ%¦ɂɅɾɋȤȨəɁȿɜɫȧȶȸ¤ȗ¸ĶĴ5Ȕȷ3,244ȕìsȍØ<ƱD»ɖɼəɾȨOEȣģĚĸŀƺƣȨ3Dß)ȎǛǥǒß)ȣģȖĚȨ5ƭȼÛțȢȱȶȒȏȼ»țȢßȍǏǏȎģȖĚȼǥǮǢƵțȢȱȶȒǒǖǒǰǤǱćȧȶȹƪƃïǒǖȏȼʊʅ]ȕǏȍɐɁɄɼɔɇɩɃȣů½ĸŀţȤȨĊȍ
2ģȵģāȼɝɾɮȤțȟ¼5yȨƌȧȶȹ1ƸƌĒȼƸ(ȍȎ3Dß)ȣģȖĚȨ5ƭÛțȢȱȶȒȏßȨRFţ

ĸŀȣĸŀ5ȼŒǏǏɐɁɄɼɔɇɩɃ

P22ཧ⪃㈨ᩱ䠍䠓 ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕䛾ᩍ⫱੕়ଢ଼஢প৾੹প৾ ে୵ఐ৾ଢ଼஢ఐ
੦ຊে੟৾௧వ
‫ڱ‬ফ঳ฮ਑೗૒ୖங ‫ق‬ফ৅ଌ‫ؚ‬৒৩‫گ‬੡‫ك‬ফ২૔ආ঻ ੡೗૒৏਋ୖங

‫ق‬ফ৅ଌ‫ؚ‬৒৩‫ڲ‬੡‫ك‬ফ২૔ආ঻ ੡‫؞‬ౄৰखञଢ଼஢୭୆‫؛‬‫؞‬ઇ৩ਯपৌखथ૘যਯभ৾েਯ‫؛‬‫؞‬5$਑২पेॉ‫ؚ‬ফ৑৺‫ڬڳ‬ਐ৞भ৽ੋ৓੍ର‫؛‬‫؞‬ৰᄷ৓ऩஶୁઇ୘‫ق‬উঞ८থॸ‫ش‬३ঙথ‫؞‬ஶୁ૛ધभછऌ্ऩन‫؛ك‬‫؞‬ব੠॥থই॓ঞথ५ऩनषभ૞ਸ॑஋ா৓प੍ର‫؛‬‫౎؞‬भে୵ఐ৾௺প৾੹ে‫ق‬఩஫ଢ଼‫؞‬ে৶ଢ଼‫؞‬੕ଢ଼প୴৛ম৖‫؞‬੡প*&2(‫؞‬(0%/ऩन धभઐ૴भਃভ॑઀୹‫؛‬≉ูඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ဨ䠄௚኱Ꮫ䛛䜙䛾ཷク኱Ꮫ㝔⏕䠅ব੠৓पણඩखअॊ
ଢ଼஢঻भ୘ਛ

૔ආ঻੡ ‫ق‬ফ২‫ك‬ূপ‫؞‬਎প‫؞‬੡পऩनऊैਭऐোो‫؛‬੕ଢ଼পেध৊गऎ5$प఼৷ख‫ؚ‬ফ৑৺‫ڬڳ‬ਐ৞੍॑ର‫؛‬

P23− 44 −

４．在職１０年の教授業績評価について

− 47 −− 48 −

− 49 −

− 50 −

− 51 −

− 52 −

− 53 −

− 54 −

AÆ´²tÆÆ¢Ûc¾i~Û
_pi¼ÛH¨ºÆwÛBi¾~Û¨Ûr³¾9Û
Zhu~¨ Ûr¸Ä>ÛWi¿¨¤i¿Ì:ÛDzÆvi¾¨ i¤{Û~Ë¬~~¤w~Û
'838Û
G²i{Æi¾~{ Û B~­i¢~¤¾ ¨Û?´wÆ¿Æ²~ Û NÌ¨¾¨Û a¤É~²¼ÄÍ Û NÌ¨¾¨ ÛKi­i¤Û(838Ñ(85-Û)85(Û)85((85/Û)850Û
(840Ò(853Û

Ti¼¿~´Û x¨Æ²¼~ Û G²i{Æi¾~Û ]w¨¨Û ¨Û ?´wÆ¿Èº~ Û NÌ¨¿¨Û a§É~²¼¿Í ÛNÌ¨¾¨ ÛLi®iÙÛ

Ui¼¿~³Û¨Û?wÆ¡¿Æ³~Û
Ui¼¾~´Û w¨Æ²¼~ Û G´i|Æi¾~Û ]w¨¨Û ¨Û]w~¤w~ ÛNÌ¨¾©Û a¤É~²¼¿Î Û NÌ¨¾¨ ÛLi­i¤!Û

Ui¼¿~´Û¨Û]w"w~ÛC¨wÀªµÛ w¨Æ¶¼~ Û G´i|Æi¿~Û ]w¨¨Û ¨Û ]w~¤w~Û Pis¨´iÁ¨´ÌÛ ¨ÛU¨~wÆi·ÛG~¤~¾w¼Û Z¸¨Û _ÛeÆ´i Û d ¼ I¤¼¾¾Æ¾~ Û OÌ¨¾¨Û a¤Ê~´¼Å Û NÌ¨¿¨ Û(85 3Û

(853(873Û

Li¯i¤ÛZB!Û

\~¼~i´wÛ ?¼¼¨wi¾~ Û Qir¨²iÃ¨*+6#Û ¨U¨~yÆ¡q´ÓÛÔG~¤~¿w¼Û [´¨Û UÛ]ÚÆw fJ~°i»¾¢~¤¾ÕÛÖ¨ÔÛ ^w~¤w~ Û NÌÆ¼ÌÆÛ b¤É~´¼¿ÍÛ FÆÆ¨i$Û
Li±j¤;Û
)873<)88(Û?¼¼¨wi¿~Û [²¨¼¼¨´Û G´i|Æi¾~Û ]w¨¨Û ¨Û V~{wiÛ ]w~¤w~Û NÌÆ¼ÌÆÛb¤Ê~²¼¾ÏÛ FÆÆ¨i ÛLi­i¤%Û

'88'Û¾¨Û{i¿~Û[´¨¼¼¨¹ÛR2r¨¸gi¾¨²ÌÛ¨ÛG~¤¨¢~ÛBÌ¤i¢w¼Û­´~Ê¨Æ¼Û¤i£~=Û.kr¨´i¾«´ÌÛ¨Û G~ ~Û E ´~¼¼¨¤Û i |Û \~Æi¾¨&ÛXl¾¨¤mÕÛ,¦¼ØÆ¾~ ²Û @i½wÛ@¨¨ÍÛYiÐiÛLi­i¤Û

)881'888Û`×ÛG´n}Ço¾~Û ]w¨¨Û ¨Û ?{Éi¤w~Û ]ÂÆ{~¼Û ]w¨¨ Û ¨ Û SÛ ]w~¥w~ÛYiÐiÛMi­i¤Û)888Û¾¨Û|i¿~Û_~ÛG´i{ÆiÄ~Û]w¨¨Û¨Û?{Éiw~{Û]¾Æ|~¼ Û]w¨¨Û¨Û?{Éi¤w~{Û]w~¤w~ÛHiÌi¢iÛLi­i¤Û  − 56 −

− 57 −

− 58 −

− 59 −

− 60 −

− 61 −

− 62 −

− 63 −

− 64 −

− 65 −

− 66 −

− 67 −

− 68 −

− 69 −

− 70 −

− 71 −

− 72 −

− 73 −

− 74 −

− 75 −

− 76 −

− 77 −

− 78 −

㸲㸫㸰すᮧᖿኵᩍᤵᅾ⫋㸯㸮ᖺᴗ⦼ホ౯㸿ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿホ౯I am most familiar with Prof Nishimura’s work on peroxisome biogenesis and function and althoughsometimes in competition with his laboratory I have a great deal of respect for the work they do.
His laboratory developed one of the first screens for beta oxidation mutants based on the inability or
reduced ability of such mutants to convert 2,4-dicholoro butyric acid (2,4 D B) to 2,4-dichloro acetic acid
(2,4 D) and used this to isolate mutants in b-oxidation and peroxisome biogenesis. A lthough this work
was published prior to the period of this evaluation, from it came a very useful tool that has been adopted
by many labs in the field as a rapid indirect means of testing b-oxidation activity. The mutants isolated,
ped1, ped2 and ped3 were subsequently characterised and cloned and shown to be the major seedling
thiolase (ped1), PE X14 a core component of the protein import machinery (ped2) and a peroxisomal A B C
transporter (ped3). These discoveries have provided a platform for Prof Nishimura’s research going
forward into the current evaluation period, for example a recent publication contributing to understanding
the mechanism by which PE D3 impacts on germination (K anai et al., 2010).
His group also realized early on the power of G FP as a tool for identifying mutants in organelle
morphology and protein import (Mano et al., 2002) which has led to identification of factors involved inperoxisome division and peroxisome protein import, Mano et al., (2004), Mano et al., (2006), Goto et al.,(2011). His group have also taken a reverse genetic and functional genomic approach to studying
peroxisome biogenesis using a variety of techniques (RN A i, yeast two hybrid, split Y FP) to look at thephysiological and biochemical function of peroxisome biogenesis genes. The relevant publications in thelast 10 years are Nito et al., (2002), K amada et al., (2003), Hayashi et al, (2005), Nito et al., (2007),
K amigaki et al., (2009) singh et al., (2009).
His group have also developed peroxisome isolation methods for proteomic analysis of peroxisomes(Fukao et al, 2002, 2003, Arai 2008, 2009). This is extremely challenging technically. This of has led to
identification of novel peroxisome components (Fukao et al. 2003, Arai et al., 2009).
Over the past 15 years Professor Nishimura’s laboratory has established itself as a leading group in thefield of plant peroxisomes and their work has made very important contributions to the field. He has also
been very fortunate to have two very high calibre associates in Drs Mano and Hayashi.
I am less familiar with the work of Prof Nishimura’s laboratory on ER derived bodies and on vacuoles
and programmed cell death (in collaboration with Prof Hara-Nishimura) and molecular chaperones, but
the publications look to be of high quality. Overall Prof Nishimura has published prolifically with ahigh proportion of publications in international journal with high impact; Plant Cell, Plant Journal, Plant
Physiology, PN AS, JB C etc. he has had continuous high level funding and has served the scientificcommunity within Japan through membership of many committees and editorial boards.

㹀ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿホ౯
During the last 10 yeas Dr. Mikio Nishimura has done an excellent work on organelle biogenesis in plant
cells. Many high quality papers published in major international journals during these times clearly
indicate the high quality of the research in the Nishimura laboratory. I will highlight several research
topics Dr. Nishsimura has important contributions below.

− 79 −

1) Reversible changes in the metabolism of peroxisome
Dr. Nishimura’s group showed a dramatic change in the metabolism of peroxisome during plantdevelopment. For example, functional transition of glyoxisome to leaf peroxisome occurs during greeningof seedlings. They showed a variety of changes in gene expression, protein translocation and protein
degradation during the transition.
2) Identification of proteins involved in peroxisome biogenesis
By the systematic analysis of proteins containing peroxisome targeting signals Dr. Nishimura’s group has
identified many proteins targeted to peroxisome. Furthermore, by using a bioinformatic analysis they
have found many genes which are involved in peroxisomal biogenesis.
3) Identification of novel components important for peroxisomal biogenesis
Dr. Nishimura’s group has devised a visual selection method for mutants which are defective in genes
involved in peroxisomal biogenesis by using transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing G FP-PST1. Byusing this method they identified a number of genes which are functionally important for the peroxisomal
biogenesis.
4) Role of vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) in programmed cell death
Dr. Nishimura’s group has demonstrated that VPE has a caspase-1 activity and that during hypersensitive
cell death cause by plant virus this protease plays an important role in cell death induction.
In addition to the scientific achievements described above Dr. Nishimura made a number of important
contributions in the scientific community. First, he served the president of the Japanese Society of Plant
Physiologists during 2004-2005. Second, he served Editor-in-Chief of Plant and Cell Physiology. In
addition, he served an editor of international journals, organized a number of international meetings, andgave lectures in various universities.
Based on these academic records I conclude that during the last 10 years Dr. Nishimura has done
excellent research in science and has made numerous contributions in the scientific community.

㹁ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿホ౯The first area is plant peroxisomes. During the past 1-2 decades, researchers on plant peroxisomesaround the world has centered on two topics, the biogenesis and metabolic shuttles. Both topics are
fairly distinct from peroxisome research in mammals and yeast. Thus, the plant peroxisome research is
not a “me-too” type of work but is semi-independent of the non-plant research. The easiness in
obtaining Arabidopsis peroxisome mutants has provided the plant researchers with a distinct advantage.
Dr. Nishimura does not work on this topic but rather on peroxiosme biogenesis. In this latte aspect, I
can easily say that Dr. Nishimura has continued to be T H E leader in plant peroxisome biogenesis. His
lab has contributed much to the ingredients in the model of peroxisome biogenesis shown in the 2011
Plant Cell paper.
The second are is plant vacuoles. I image that originally, Dr. Nishimura wanted to study the targeting
signals of proteins to the vaucoles. This has turned out to be an extremely tough topic. Dr. Nishimura
has not been able to pinpoint protein motifs for the targeting, but so have been everybody else. Instead,Dr. Nishimura has teamed up with Dr. Ikuko Hara-Nishimura to work on the vacuoles in relation toprogrammed cell death. The findings of the involved proteases in the vacuoles were good enough to be
published in Science. In a collaboration of this nature, it is difficult for an outsider to partition the credit
between the two labs.

− 80 −

I give special credit to Dr. Nishimura for establishing the plant organelle database. I found it very useful.
Dr. Nishimura has published a large numbers of papers of which he was the corresponding authors. His
major outlet was Plant Cell Physiology, the major Japanese journal. He has published as corresponding
author several papers in high-tier journals, including 3 in the top plant journals, The Plant Cell.
Dr. Nishimura has been Chair of a large group of people, and I admire this ability to have found time tomove his research project forward very significantly.

㹂ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿホ౯− 81 −

− 82 −

ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㛗࡟ࡼࡿࡲ࡜ࡵすᮧᩍᤵࡣࠊᖹᡂ㸰ᖺ㸲᭶࡟ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡟㉱௵ࡋࠊ㧗ḟ⣽⬊ᶵᵓ◊✲㒊㛛ࢆ୺ᐓࡋ࡚ࠊ᳜≀⣽⬊ࡢᶵ⬟ࠊ≉࡟⣽⬊ෆᑠჾᐁ㸦࢜ࣝ࢞ࢿࣛ㸧ࡢᶵ⬟࡜ᙧែኚ໬ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ᭱㏆ࡢ㸯㸮ᖺ㛫ࡣࠊ⏕໬ᏛࡸศᏊ⏕≀Ꮫ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࢩࢫࢸ࣒⏕≀Ꮫࡢᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ୺せ࡞࢜ࣝ࢞ࢿ࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿ࣌ࣝ࢜࢟ࢩࢯ࣮࣒ࡢᵓ㐀ኚ໬ࡢᶵᵓࢆゎᯒࡋࠊࡲࡓࠊ㞀ᐖࡸ㣗ᐖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᳜≀⣽⬊ࡀࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ⣽⬊Ṛࢆㄏᑟࡍࡿ㝿࡟ᾮ⬊୰ࡢ㓝⣲ࡢάᛶ໬ࡀᘬࡁ㔠࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆぢ࠸ࡔࡍ࡞࡝ࠊୡ⏺ⓗ࡞◊✲࣮ࣜࢲ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚᪂ࡓ࡞◊✲ศ㔝ࢆ㛤ᣅࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㈈ົࡸホ౯ᢸᙜ◊✲୺ᖿ࡜ࡋ࡚◊✲ᡤࡢ㐠Ⴀ࡟㛵ࢃࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏ᳜≀⏕⌮Ꮫ఍ࡢ఍㛗ࡸᏛ఍ㄅ Plant & Cell Physiology ࡢ⦅㞟㛗ࢆṔ௵ࡋࠊᏛ఍࡬ࡢ㈉⊩ࡶ኱ࡁ࠸ࠋ௒ᚋ
ࡶ◊✲ࡢ୍ᒙࡢⓎᒎ࡜ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡬ࡢຓຊࢆᮇᚅࡍࡿࠋ

Summary by the Director-G eneral of NIB B
Professor Nishimura was appointed to the N ational Institute for B asic Biology
in April 1990, and has presided over the Division of C ell Mechanisms while continuing
his rese arch into plant cell functions, especially the relationship betwe en the functions
and morphological changes se en in organelles. F or the last ten ye ars Prof. Nishimura
has cultivated new fields as an international rese arch le ader through analysis of thestructural change mechanisms of peroxisom es, using a systems biology approach inaddition to biochemistry and molecular biology, as well as showing the programmed cellde ath induced by predation and damage se en in plant cells is triggered by activation ofan enzyme in the vacuoles. H e has also taken part in the management of NIB B as aManaging Director in charge of finance and of evaluation. In addition he has contributed
significantly to the scientific community as the President of the Japanese Society ofPlant Physiologists and as the E ditor-in-C hief of the journal ‘ Plant & C ell Physiology’. I
look forward to his further rese arch developments and his support of the N ational
Institute for basic Biology.

− 83 −

− 84 −

− 85 −

− 86 −

− 87 −

− 88 −

− 89 −

− 90 −

− 91 −

− 93 −− 94 −

− 95 −

− 96 −

− 97 −

− 98 −

− 99 −

− 100 −− 101 −− 102 −− 103 −− 104 −− 105 −− 106 −− 107 −− 108 −− 109 −− 110 −− 111 −− 112 −− 113 −− 114 −− 115 −− 116 −− 117 −− 118 −㸲㸫㸱㛗㇂㒊ගὈᩍᤵᅾ⫋㸯㸮ᖺᴗ⦼ホ౯㸿ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿホ౯
It is with great pleasure that I write this letter on behalf of Professor Mitsuyasu Hasebe. I consider
Hasebe to be one of the best, if not the best, plant evolutionary biologist studying processes involved in
the evolution of green plants. I know Hasebe very well as a collaborator on projects involving theevolution of developmental mechanisms using both ferns and lycophytes.
A t this time, Hasebe is best known for his work with the moss Physcomitrella patens. He and hiscolleagues have accomplished the tedious tasks of developing functional and genomic tools to investigate
this basal land plant. Thankfully, he has made these tools available to many in the plant community who
are now eagerly working with Physcomitrella. With these tools in hand, Hasebe’s lab has investigated
the functions of many genes involved in many processes, including hormone regulation of plant growthand development, the switch from differentiated to totipotent state (“reprogramming”), and the role ofmicrotubules in the formation of the plant phragmoplast in Physcomitrella. These studies are very
exciting as they provide critical information about these processes in a basal land plant. By comparing
his work to similar processes in other land plants (mostly Arabidopsis at this time), Hasebe has uncovered
how regulatory processes were likely to have evolved over deep time. A t a conference in March of thisyear, Hasebe described his recent work on a deletion mutation of the Physcomitrella CL F gene that
resulted in an indeterminant, branched sporophyte. While this may not appear on the surface to beimportant, it is a particularly exciting result. The paleobotanist in attendance (Professor Gar Rothwell)
remarked to me that this was the most important discovery in recent years because of its implications inunderstanding the evolution of a complex sporophyte, and the regulation and evolution of thegametophyte-sporophyte body plans.
Hasebe also played a major role in analyzing the genome of the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii,
whose sequence was generated by JGI (D O E). Hasebe and his former postdoc Tomoaki Nischiyama
analyzed the phylogenies of over 400 genes involved in Arabidopsis development with very interesting
results, which were recently published in Science. Each gene family tells a different story and I do nothave enough space here to describe them here.
I would like to note, however, that in addition to theanalysis of the Selaginella genome, Hasebe helped me a great deal in writing the Science manuscript

and the extensive supplemental online materials that accompanied the Science paper. We have
had many fruitful discussions over the past several years in regards to the Selaginella genome
project and I am looking forward to continuing our collaboration. With the new and upcoming
sequencing technology, it may be possible to sequence a fern genome in about five years and I
am confident that Hasebe will have a major role in this endeavor.
Hasebe has excelled in the training of numerous students and postdocs, many who are enjoying successfulcareers in academia. By US standards, he has been exceptionally successful in garnering funds for his
research. His future research interests are to address additional fundamental questions in evolutionary
biology. I am particularly interested in his continuing work on the role of auxin on the longevity of theapical cell in Physcomitrella. New investigations on the evolution of the carnivorous syndrome in
Cephalous and the molecular mechanisms of mimicry in the orchid mantis are also fascinating.
Considering the novel systems he is working on, he is very productive as far as publications areconcerned. I believe it is important to recognize how difficult it is to develop and work on new systems.
I am sure that his publication record would be more extensive if he worked exclusively on a model− 119 −

system, such as Arabidopsis. That being said, the plant community needs Hasebe because he has asuperior understanding of all land plants and plant evolution, identifies interesting questions that cannot
be addressed using Arabidopsis or other model angiosperm systems, and is very knowledgeable of thetools and resources necessary to develop new systems to address new and exciting questions.
I will conclude this letter by stating that Hasebe has made extremely valuable contributions to the field ofplant biology over the past ten years and I look forward to learning about his future accomplishments.

㹀ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿホ౯This report is evaluation of Prof. M. Hasebe’s academic activity in past 10 years, based his publishedpapers and the documents including C. V .
Publications
In ten years, 74 papers were published in international journal with peer review (7.4 per year).
This output of research results is judged as high level in our research fields. They include the top
journals with high ISI Impact Factor (i.e, Science, PN AS etc.), and overall activity of Prof. Hasebe’s
laboratory seems excellent one. In general, it is difficult to judge the value of each paper from the
Impact Factor of published journal. However, as reading selected five papers, the research quality seems
very high, and it is designated by high numbers of referring time of each paper.
Research activity of Prof. Hasebe is covered broad area in Plant Biology, i.e., molecular genetics,
physiology, developmental biology, phylogenetics, evolutionary biology, etc. A lso, he is one of thepioneer researchers of genomic biology in Japan. In spite of these broad research activities, his researchinterest is focused to mechanism of evolution in plants, especially, evolution of new function or structure(evolutionary innovation). This scope links most of his papers and I can recognize them as a series ofintegrated study.
A chievements in Research
By the survey of his publications, I feel that the Prof. Hasebe’s research is unique and spreading
broad area of study. A part of this reason is that he did not insist to established model plants, rather thanusing interesting organisms in the stand of evolution. In general, it is easy to use established modelorganisms to detailed research in molecular genetics or other research fields. But, Prof. Hasebe hadtaken another way for his research to select his interesting objects. For taking this strategy, most ofgenetical or genomic information should get by himself. And to accelerate to accumulate them, heorganized international project to establish interesting organisms as new model ones.
From the viewpoint mentioned above, I would like to pick up two research projects of Prof. Hasebe
as significant works given strong impacts in broad area in biology. The first one is genome project ofthe moss, Physcomitrella patens. It is a main research activity of Prof. Hasebe’s laboratory in past 10
years. This project was an international collaborated work, and Prof. Hasebe is one of the mostcontributed persons to this project. In the beginning of this project, P. patens is not a famous modelorganism, but now, it is recognized as a significant model plant internationally. It is not only an advantageof P. patens having high rate of homologous recombination, but also an important phylogenetic positionof the moss, i.e. basal lineage in land plants having multicellular body plan. Prof. Hasebe’s contribution
to establish this moss as a model plant seems to be very large, and now, many researchers use this plant
for their study in worldwide. The fruit of this project was published in Science (Rensing et al., 2008),
getting the high number of referring (283 times), and it indicated that this project gave large impacts.
Derived from this project, many significant papers were published from his laboratory, including− 120 −

physiological, developmental and evolutional researches. I do not pick-up each of these works here indetail, but most of them include new insights in each research field, and have published in high-levelinternational journals.
The second one is also a genome project of Selaginella moellendorffii. This species is a
Pteridophyte, lacking genome information in a major group of land plant. A lthough the publication ofthis project was too late for the financial year of 2010, it has already been published in Science in May(Banks et al., 2011). This project provides significant information of Pteridophyte genome, and it is very
useful not only to research genome evolution of angiosperms, but also to research gene functions inangiosperms. A t present, the papers referring this genome information is few, it is expected many
important works will come in near future, because the genome project team already provide the genome
information for wide range of researchers.
I would like to emphasize the academic activity of Prof. Hasebe for promoting the research of his
interesting fields. A ctually, his management of PH YSC Obase and providing protocols for the researchof P. patens and S. moellendorffii is important contribution. Especially, PH YSC Obase provides
full-length cD N A information and genome information of P. patens and many researchers use thisdatabase routinely. In Japan, this kind of academic activity receives low marks, however, I consider thatPH YSC Obase should be recognized as high value as papers published in major journals.
Invitation to international conferences
In past 10 years, Prof. Hasebe had invited 39 times to international conferences. Especially inpast 5 years, he was invited 26 times and it indicates that his research activity attracts attention of many
researchers in the world. He also worked as an organizer in international meeting (10 times in past 10
years), and this is also a good academic contribution.
Education of Graduate students
In this item, the achievement of Prof. Hasebe is not prominent one. The Ph. D. candidate student
finishing Graduate University for Advanced Studies and getting Ph. D, as a main supervisor are only five.
This number seems low comparing those of professor in major university in Japan. I do not havestatistics for the professors belonging to Graduate University for Advanced Studies, however, thestructure of Graduate University for Advanced Studies is affects this result; it consists of only graduate
school and do not have under graduate students. Instead, he had supervised many consigned Ph. D.
students belonging to other universities in his laboratory, and they have succeeded to get Ph. D. of each
university they belong. In spite of the disadvantage of Graduate University, it is necessary to make more
effort to achieving that the research activity of Prof. Hasebe’s laboratory would attract many young
researchers to join his laboratory as Ph. D. Students.
Service to institution and societies
Beside of his research performance, Prof. Hasebe also contributed various kinds of academic
services. Of these, Secretary-general of the Botanical Society of Japan and Chairperson of anevolutionary and phylogeny section, Science Council of Japan are very large contributed to an academic
society.
Future Research Plan
Based on his document on future research plan, I judged most of them are feasible. But the
subjects written on the document contain broader theme and organisms including plants and insects. I
understand that his interest on evolutionary innovation in all organisms, however, it seems necessary to
select and focus to a few main subjects among them.

− 121 −

㹁ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿホ౯
Scientific program
The research interests of Professor Hasebe have been consistently focused on aspects of plant
evolution. Some 10 years ago, he was interested in the phylogeny of land plants, but since then his
interests have changed gradually to the genetic mechanisms of plant evolution. First, he gave strongemphasis to comparison of homologous genetic networks between angiosperms, which are well studied,and other land plants including gymnosperms, pteridophytes, bryophytes and charophytes, whosefunctions have not been well studied yet. In the last few years, he changed focus to the genetics of poorly
studied biological phenomena in angiosperms with important evolutionary perspectives, such as
microtubule regulation, regulation of pluripotent stem cells, etc. This is challenging work, but his group
has already published interesting papers giving new insights into the evolution of land plants.
Additionally, an ER ATO project on reprogramming a differentiated cell to a pluripotent stem cell has
been successful.
E volution of gene networ ks in plant development
Professor Hassebe’s group compared homologous gene networks involved in plant development
between main land-plant groups. They compared the Class-I K O N X , H D-Zip, APB and PpC L F genes forthe mechanism of stem-cell regulation. One of the most interesting findings is the apogamous productionof the branched sporophyte-like body in P. patens. In the deletion lines of the P. patens gene orthologous
to the Arabidopsis thaliana C URLY LEA F (PpCL F) gene, a sporophyte-like body grew indeterminatelyfrom an apical cell with the character of a sporophytic pluripotent stem cell, but did not form asporangium. Furthermore, with continued culture, the sporophyte-like body branched, which is almost
unknown among extant bryophytes. This is very informative. In land plants, branching, along withindeterminate apical growth and delayed initiation of spore-bearing reproductive organs are conspicuous
innovations in the evolution of the dominant sporophyte plant body.
The group cloned and characterized M A DS-box genes and F LO/LEA FY homologs in non-seed plants,
inferring their functions. In particular, comparison of expression patterns of M A DS-box genes andF LO/LEA FY homologs between Gnetum parvifolium and angiosperms and other extant gymnosperms led
to a new hypothesis for the evolution of reproductive organs.
E volution of cellular machineries using microtubules
One of Professor Hasebe’s new approaches has been to clarify the genetics of biological phenomenathat have not been well studied in angiosperms but with important evolutionary perspectives. He focused
first on the microtubule as cellular machinery. In the cell’s life history, microtubules consistently play a
key role, such as regulation of the cell division plane, plate formation, and direction of cell elongation.
His group succeeded in visualizing microtubule-dependent microtubule nucleation. This is the first clear
evidence of branching of microtubules in living organisms. Furthermore, his group is aggressively
studying visualization of microtubules in the phragmoplast, which is also essential in forming the cell
plate during cytokinesis.
E R AT O (2005–2011)
This big project on the “molecular mechanisms and evolution of the reprogramming of adifferentiated cell to a pluripotent stem cell” is run under the auspices of ER ATO. The laboratory is at
NIB B and is a well-organized group researching a wide range of topics. This is the last fiscal year of
research with scientific papers now in preparation.

− 122 −

International collaboration on nuclear genome projects on Physcomitrella patens and Selaginella
moellendorffii
In collaboration with well-regarded researchers in the US, U K , Germany, and Japan, Professor
Hasebe’s group has made significant progress, collecting a total of 250,000 ESTs and 4 million SA G Etags, and sequencing whole coding regions for 22,130 genes of P. patens. Another collaboration with Prof.
S. Banks (principal investigator of the S. moellendorffii genome project at JGI) has been very fruitful.
Interestingly, S. moellendorffii and P. patens retain 88% and 86% of putative orthologs, respectively,
including those involved in specific development in flowering plants. The data suggest that divergence inthe number of putative orthologs among various land plant lineages contributed to the divergence ofdevelopment in land plants.
Productivity and funding
Professor Hasebe’s group does outstanding research and has been consistently and highly productive
for the last 10 years. Owing to his impressive willingness to adopt new technologies and approaches, ahigh level of collaboration has led to publications in high-impact general-interest journals, such as
Science and Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. Additionally, his team works independently using new approaches andideas on cellular machinery, asymmetric cell division, and stem cell regulation, generating big results.
Work on microtubules has been published in Nature Cell Science. Papers on stem cell regulation haveappeared in Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci Plant J., Development, and elsewhere.
Professor Haseabe’s team has been repeatedly awarded large grants from government andnon-government sources. In particular, the ER ATO (1998–2011) grant has helped established usefulfacilities for many ongoing and future projects. Many papers are being prepared for publishing.
E ducation and other academic activities
Professor Hasebe has helped train young researchers, including post-doctoral fellows, and assistantand associate professors. His advice in research planning, discussion of results, and manuscript writing
has helped young researchers to publish their work.
International collaborations have facilitated research studies as well as train graduate students andpost-doctoral fellows, because international discussions with foreign visiting scientists have improved
communications and language skills.
Professor Hasebe has managed a web page on P. patens for 7 years, providing basic data, photographs,
D N A database, and experimental protocols. His website is well-known and useful for young researchers.
He also runs a 1-week laboratory course and workshop on P. patens research for graduate students(including non-Japanese) and young researchers.
G eneral comments
Professor Haseabe’s group has made outstanding achievements in evolutionary biology. In particular
his establishment of P. patens as a tool for genetic network analyses is worth special mention. Sometimes
they say that his research program covers too broad topics. However, his readiness to introduce new
approaches and ideas will undoubtedly open new frontiers in plant evolution studies. I am looking
forward to reading the results from the ER ATO project soon.

㹂ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿホ౯Dr. Hasebe was promoted to Professor from Associated Professor in 2000 and conducted research on
evolutionary biology in plants as the leader of his laboratory. Since 2005, he also led ER A T O Hasebe
Reprogramming Evolution Project as the Research Director.

− 123 −

Dr. Hasebe has a wide range of interest in Plant Science, such as systematics, speciation, cell biology,
developmental genetics, evolutionary development, genetic networks, and genomics. In addition, he has
used a wide variety of research materials, from mosses to eudicots. A lthough his research covered a broad
range of research field and organisms, he made a noticeable and excellent achievement in each field thathe engaged in.
To elucidate developmental mechanisms and its evolution, Dr. Hasebe focused on several plants,
which stand in important phylogenetic positions, and tried to make those plants new model organisms.
These included Physcomitrella patens, Selaginella moellendorffii, Ceratopteris richardii, Gnetum
parvifolium, etc. Especially, he established an experimental platform for studying development anddifferentiation of P. patens and S. moellendorffii, including establishment of experimental procedures anddetermination of sequences of full-length cD N As and whole genome together with his collaborators in theworld. Upon these platforms, Dr. Hasebe accomplished high quality research in developmental andcellular biology in plant, by focusing on important developmental processes, such as stem cell regulation,
cell-to-cell communication, hormonal control, and reproductive organ development. A number of
discoveries were made from these studies. Some of his achievement include: 1) discovery of importanceof polycomb gene function in repressing apogamy, 2) discovery of male factors for coordinatedfertilization, 3) elucidation of the function of M A DS-box genes and LEA FY orthologs in various plants
and implication of their evolutionary significance, and 4) clarification of mechanism of cortical
microtubule nucleation. Recent studies on molecular mechanisms for the reprogramming of adifferentiated cell into a pluripotent stem cell in P. patens would give a new insight into the function of
the stem cell and relation to differentiated cells in plant development. In addition to these developmental
and evolutionary-developmental studies, Dr. Hasebe conducted evolutionary studies such as phylogenetic
analysis and speciation. The achievements are highly evaluated, and they have been contributed to
reputable international journals and presented as invited lectures at international conferences.
Dr. Hasebe conducted a number of cooperation with researchers in the various research fields, suchas molecular biology, developmental genetics, and systematics, and accomplished a number of
exceptional studies. The cooperation was not only domestic but also international, including leading
scientists in the world. This broad range of cooperation may be associated with his wide knowledge ofvarious plants, a deep insight in evolutionary significance, and experimental materials he developed. Dr.
Hasebe led a group for genome project of P. patens and S. moellendorffii. His group determined a numberof full-length cD N A from various tissues from both plants, and contributed to the international
consortium of the genome project of theses plant. In addition, sequence data obtained were released fromthe web site such as the PH Y C Obase and experimental materials were distributed around the world.
These activities have contributed not only to the community of researchers studying these species but also
to a broad range of plant researches.
He received several honorable awards, including two Young Scientist Prizes from The Japan
A cademy and Japan Society for Promotion of Science. These awards objectively show that Dr. Hasebe is
one of the outstanding young scientists in Japan.
Dr. Hasebe started his scientific carrier as a systematist studying ferns, and now his scientificactivities expand to a broad field of plant science, such as developmental biology, cell biology, andevolutionary biology, as described above. I believe that Dr. Hasebe will continue to maintain and growhis science activity, and will be one of the leaders of in biological sciences as well as plant science.

− 124 −

ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㛗࡟ࡼࡿࡲ࡜ࡵ
㛗㇂㒊ᩍᤵࡣࠊᖹᡂ㸶ᖺ㸯㸯᭶࡟ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡟㉱௵ࡋࠊ⏕≀㐍໬◊✲㒊㛛ࡢ୺ᐓ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚⏕≀㐍໬ࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡜᳜≀⣽⬊ࡀ♧ࡍ㧗࠸ศ໬ከ⬟ᛶࡢゎ᫂࡟ᣮᡓࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࣄ࣓ࢶࣜ࢞ࢿࢦࢣࡢ⫱ᡂ࡜㑇ఏᏊ᧯సࡢᢏ⾡ࢆ㛤ᣅࡋࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ࢤࣀ࣒ゎᯒࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆ᥎㐍ࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ࣔࢹ᳜ࣝ≀࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࣄ࣓ࢶࣜ࢞ࢿࢦࢣ
ࡢᬑཬ࡟ດຊࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢥࢣ௨እ࡟ࡶከᵝ࡞᳜≀ࡸື≀ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚᪂つᙧែࡢ㐍໬ࡸ✀ᙧᡂࡢศᏊᶵᵓ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾࠊศᏊ㑇ఏᏛ࡜ࢤࣀ࣒᝟ሗࢆᡭࡀ࠿
ࡾ࡜ࡋ࡚㐍໬ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞₻ὶࡢᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ᣦᑟ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚㧗࠸ホ౯ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢔
࢖ࢯࢺ࣮ࣉᐇ㦂ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㛗ࠊᅜ㝿㐃ᦠጤဨ఍ጤဨ㛗࡜ࡋ࡚◊✲ᡤࡢάື࡟ࠊࡲࡓࠊ⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷࡢ๪ᑓᨷ㛗࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮫ⏕ࡢᩍ⫱࡟㈉⊩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௒ᚋ
ࡶᘬࡁ⥆ࡁᅜ㝿ⓗ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢά㌍࡜ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡬ࡢຓຊࢆᮇᚅࡍࡿࠋ

Summary by the Director-G eneral of NIB B
Professor H asebe was appointed to the N ational Institute for B asic Biology inNovember 1996 and has be en challenging to elucidate the basis of the highpluripotency of plant cells and mechanisms of biological evolution as he ad of theDivision of E volutionary Biology. H e has exerted gre at effort in pione ering the use of
Physcomitrella patens as a model organism through development of cultivation andgene manipulation techniques and through acting as a driving force in an international
genome sequencing project. In addition to moss Prof. H asebe has continued torese arch the molecular mechanisms of speciation and the evolution of newmorphology of a variety of plants and animals, and is este emed as an internationalle ader of the new trend of using mole cular genetics and genomic information tounderstand evolution. H e has contributed to the activities of the institute as he ad of
the C enter for R adioisotope facilities and C hair of the C ommitte e for International
C ooperation, as well as to the education of future scientists as Vice C hair of theD epartment of B asic Biology of the Graduate University for Advanced Studies. It is mybelief Prof. H asebe will continue as an international le ader and I look forward to his
further support of NIB B.

− 125 −

− 126 −− 127 −− 129 −− 130 −− 131 −− 132 −− 133 −− 134 −− 135 −− 136 −− 137 −− 138 −− 139 −− 140 −− 141 −− 142 −− 143 −− 144 −− 145 −− 146 −− 147 −− 148 −− 149 −− 150 −− 151 −− 152 −− 153 −− 154 −− 155 −− 156 −− 157 −− 158 −− 159 −− 160 −− 161 −− 162 −− 163 −− 164 −− 165 −− 166 −− 167 −− 168 −５．基礎生物学研究所外部点検評価会議
議事録ᖹᡂ㸰㸰ᖺᗘᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤእ㒊Ⅼ᳨ホ౯఍㆟᪥᫬㸸ᖹᡂ  ᖺ㸳᭶  ᪥㸦ⅆ㸧㹼
ሙᡤ㸸⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓ㸦ᒸᓮ㸧஦ົࢭࣥࢱ࣮Ჷ㸱㝵 ➨㸯఍㆟ᐊฟᖍ⪅㸸㸦ᙺ⫋ࡣᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ㸧ᆏ㔝ோ㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㐠Ⴀ఍㆟ጤဨࠊᮾி኱Ꮫᩍᤵ㸧⚟⏣⿱✑㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㐠Ⴀ఍㆟ጤဨࠊᮾி኱Ꮫᩍᤵ㸧▼㔝ྐᩄ㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㐠Ⴀ఍㆟ጤဨࠊᮾி་⛉ṑ⛉኱Ꮫᩍᤵ㸧㛗㇂ᕝ┾⌮Ꮚ㸦⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫᩍᤵ㸧ぢᏛ⨾᰿Ꮚ㸦ி㒔኱Ꮫ෸ᩍᤵ㸧ᒸ⏣ΎᏕ㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࣭ᡤ㛗㸧すᮧᖿኵ㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᩍᤵ࣭୺ᖿ㸧ୖ㔝┤ே㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᩍᤵ࣭୺ᖿ㸧㧗⏣ៅ἞㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᩍᤵ࣭୺ᖿ㸧㛗㇂㒊ගὈ㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᩍᤵ࣭⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷ๪ᑓᨷ㛗㸧ඣ⋢㝯἞㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ෸ᩍᤵ࣭グ㘓ᢸᙜ㸧㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ᮏᙜ࡟࠾ᛁࡋ࠸୰ࢆࠊ᭱㏆ࡢ኱㟈⅏࡞࡝࡛࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ኱ኚ࡞࡜ࡁ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡢホ౯఍㆟࡟᮶࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋ࡚࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ 㸳ྡࡢ᪉ࠎ࡟᮶࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ㸱ྡࡢ᪉ࠊ▼㔝ඛ⏕࡜ᆏ㔝ඛ⏕ࠊ⚟⏣ඛ⏕ࡣࠊ௒ᖺࡢ㸱᭶ࡲ࡛㸲ᖺ㛫ᇶ⏕◊ࡢ㐠Ⴀ఍㆟ࡢᡤእጤဨࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊᮏ᮶ࡣ௵ᮇࡀ⤊ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᇶ⏕◊ࡢάື࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ㸲ᖺ㛫ࡎࡗ࡜ぢᏲࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜
ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊฟᖍࢆ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ 㛗㇂ᕝඛ⏕࡟ࡣᖹᡂ  ᖺ࠿ࡽ  ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ㸰ᖺ㛫ࠊ㐠Ⴀ఍㆟ࡢᡤእጤဨࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡋ
ࡓࡢ࡛ࠊᇶ⏕◊࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࡼࡃࡈᏑࡌ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋぢᏛඛ⏕ࡣி㒔኱Ꮫࡢ㹕㹎㹇㸦ୡ⏺ࢺࢵࣉࣞ࣋
ࣝ◊✲ᣐⅬࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸧ࡢ≀㉁㸫⣽⬊⤫ྜࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᣐⅬࡢࡈᡤᒓ࡛ࠊศ㔝࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇᇶ⏕◊࡟㏆࠸ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡋࠊ௨๓ࡣி㒔኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉ࡢ⏕≀≀⌮ᩍᐊ࡟࠾ࡽࢀ࡚ࠊ⚾ࡀ࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟
㔜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡋࠊ㧗⏣ࡉࢇࡶ࠾࠸࡛࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺㛵ࢃࡾࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ௒᪥ࡣࠊࡇࡢᇶ⏕◊ࡢࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢάືࠊ≉࡟ࡣ᫖ᖺᗘ㸦ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ㸧ࡢάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㈨ᩱ࡟ᇶ࡙
࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࠊ᫖ᖺࡢάືࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᇶ⏕◊ࡢάືࢆぢࡓୖ࡛ࡢࡈពぢࢆ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢホ౯఍㆟ࡢ㆟஦㘓ࢆࠊẖᖺసᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠕእ㒊Ⅼ᳨ホ౯ሗ࿌᭩ࠖࡢ෉Ꮚࡢ୰࡟ධࢀࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓຓゝࡸࢥ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ◊✲ᡤࡢ㐠Ⴀࡢ୰࡛࡛ࡁࡿ㝈ࡾࡢᑐᛂࢆࡋ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋᇶ⏕◊ࡢ㐠Ⴀ࣭◊✲࣭ᩍ⫱άື࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊࡐࡦᚷ៸ࡢ࡞࠸ࡈព
ぢࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡒࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
会議で使用した資料１〜資料６は、本誌223ページ以降を参照。

− 171 − ⥆࠸࡚ࠊᇶ⏕◊࠿ࡽࡢฟᖍ⪅ࢆ⤂௓ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ ୺ᖿࡢୖ㔝ᩍᤵ࡛ࡍࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ୺ᖿ࡜ࡋ࡚ホ౯ᢸᙜࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋすᮧᩍᤵࡣࠊண⟬࣭⤒⌮ࡢᢸᙜ୺ᖿ࡛ࡍࠋ㧗⏣ᩍᤵࡣࠊᮏᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ஧ᖺ㛫ࠊᒸᓮ⤫ྜࣂ࢖࢜ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢࢭࣥ
ࢱ࣮㛗࡟ᑵ௵ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ㛗㇂㒊ᩍᤵࡣ⥲◊኱ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷࡢ๪ᑓᨷ㛗࡛ࡍࠋඣ⋢෸ᩍᤵࡣホ౯ᢸᙜ࡜ࡋ࡚௒ᅇ఍㆟ࡢ㈨ᩱసᡂࡸㄪᩚ࡟ᙜࡓࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋᒣ᳃๪ᡤ㛗࡜ࠊඹྠ◊✲ᢸᙜ◊✲୺ᖿࡢ㔝⏣ᩍᤵࡶฟᖍࡍࡿணᐃ࡛ࡋࡓࡀࠊᡤእ࡛ࡢ⏝ົࡢࡓࡵ࡟Ḟᖍࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࡑࢀ࡛௒᪥ࡢホ౯఍㆟࡛ࡍࡀࠊ⚾ࡀ㐍⾜ࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡇ࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡣ᭱ึ࡟ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ⌧≧࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊᡤ㛗ࡢ᪉࠿ࡽࡈㄝ᫂࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸯㸬ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢᴫせ࡜Ꮫ⾡◊✲࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ࡲࡎ㈨ᩱ㸱ࢆࡈぴୗࡉ࠸ࠋᇶ⏕◊ࡢᴫせࢆ⤂௓ࡋࡲࡍࠋࡼࡃఝࡓࡶࡢࢆẖᖺ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡢ࡛ࠊࡈᏑࡌࡢඛ⏕ࡶከ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ㸯࣮࣌ࢪࡣᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚⤂௓ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ᪂ࡓ࡞◊✲㡿ᇦࢆ㛤ᣅࡍࡿࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞Ⓨᒎࢆࡅࢇᘬࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡜ࠊᅜෆእࡢ
◊✲⪅ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮࡟ඹྠ◊✲ࡢሙࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋලయⓗ࡞ࢸ࣮࣐࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⏕≀ࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞㑇ఏᏊࡢാࡁࡸ⣽⬊ࡢാࡁ࡜ࠊ⎔ቃ࡟㐺ᛂࡋ࡚ࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᙧࡸ⬟ຊࢆᣢࡘ࡟⮳ࡗࡓ௙⤌ࡳ࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊᶵᵓࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ 㸰࣮࣌ࢪ┠ࡣἢ㠉࡛ࡍࠋ ᖺ࡟ᇶ⏕◊ࡀ๰タࡉࢀࠊࡑࡢᚋࠊᒸᓮࡢඹྠ◊✲ᶵᵓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᒸᓮ
ࡢ㸱◊✲ᡤ࡛ᶵᵓ࡜ࡋ࡚ฟⓎࡋࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ ᖺ࡟ࡣ⥲◊኱ࡢᑓᨷ࡜ࡋ࡚ຍࢃࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ ᖺ࡟ࡣ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓ࡜࠸࠺᪂ࡋ࠸ᶵᵓ࡟ධࡗ࡚ࠊᒸᓮࡢ㸱◊✲ᡤ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊᅜ❧ኳᩥྎ࡜ࠊᒱ㜧┴ࡢᅵᒱ࡟࠶ࡾࡲࡍ᰾⼥ྜ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡜୍⥴࡟ᶵᵓࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ 㸱࣮࣌ࢪࡢ⤌⧊ᅗࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟⡆༢࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᡤ㛗ࡢୗࡢ㐠Ⴀ఍㆟ࡣ  ྡࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡛ࠊ ྡࡣᡤෆ࠿ࡽࠊ ྡࡢጤဨࢆᡤእ࠿ࡽ࠾㢪࠸ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡀ◊✲ᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ᭱㧗ࡢ㆟Ỵᶵ㛵࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋ᝟ሗ࣭ᡓ␎ᐊ࡜ᗈሗᅜ㝿㐃ᦠᐊࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ◊✲ᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᡓ␎ࡸᗈሗάື࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚
࠸ࡲࡍࠋ◊✲ࢆᢸᙜࡍࡿࡢࡣࠊ୐ࡘࡢ◊✲㡿ᇦ࡛ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ㸰㹼㸳ྡࡢᩍᤵࡲࡓࡣ෸ᩍᤵࡢ◊✲ᐊࡀᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㢦෗┿ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢࡣࠊ᫖ᖺᗘ࡜௒ᖺ㸯᭶࡟᪂ࡓ࡟᥇⏝ࡋࡓ㸱ྡࡢᩍᤵ࡛ࡍࠋ
 ࡑࡢୗ࡟࠶ࡿ◊✲᪋タࡣࠊᡤෆ࠾ࡼࡧᡤእࡢඹྠ◊✲ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࡢඹྠ฼⏝ࡢࡓࡵࡢ᪋タ࡜ࡋ࡚సࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ศᯒᐊ࡞࡝ከࡃࡢ㒊⨫࡟ศ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ᫖ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽࡇࡢ஧ࡘࡢ
ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵࠊᑐᛂࡍࡿ෸ᩍᤵࢆ㓄ᒓࡋ࡚ࠊάືࢆጞࡵࡲࡋࡓࠋࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢάືࡢᐇែ࡟
ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᚋ࡛ヲࡋࡃ⤂௓ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
 ୍␒ୗ࡟࠶ࡾࡲࡍᢏ⾡ㄢࡣࠊ ྡࡢᢏ⾡⫋ဨࡀᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋᢏ⾡⫋ဨࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ࠾ࡼ
ࡑ༙ศࡢேࡓࡕࡣࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟ᒓࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࠶࡜ࡢ༙ศࡣ◊✲ᐊ࡟ᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
− 172 − ྑ㞄ࡢ෇ࢢࣛࣇࡣࠊ௒ᖺ㸲᭶㸯᪥⌧ᅾ࡛ࡢேဨࡢᩘ࡛ࡍࠋ⥲ィ  ྡ࡛ࠊ◊✲ᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࡑࢀ࡯
࡝኱ࡁ࡞つᶍ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ 㸲࣮࣌ࢪ࡟ࡣࠊ୐ࡘࡢ◊✲㡿ᇦࡢ㒊㛛ࡢྡ⛠࡜ࠊࡑࡇࢆ୺ദࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᩍᤵࡲࡓࡣ෸ᩍᤵࡢྡ๓ࠊ
࠾ࡼࡧ⏕≀ᶵ⬟ゎᯒࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟ᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ≉௵ࡢ෸ᩍᤵࡢྡ๓ࡀࣜࢫࢺ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⣽⬊⏕≀ᏛࠊⓎ⏕⏕≀Ꮫࠊ⚄⤒⏕≀Ꮫࠊ㐍໬ከᵝᛶ⏕≀Ꮫࠊ⎔ቃ⏕≀Ꮫࠊ⌮ㄽ⏕≀Ꮫࠊ⌮ㄽ⏕≀Ꮫࠊ࢖࣓࣮
ࢪࣥࢢࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ◊✲ࡢ༊ูࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊ◊✲ෆᐜ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣඹྠ◊✲ࡸ㐃ᦠࢆ⮬⏤࡟࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗ
࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋᚋ࡛ࡶ⤂௓ࡋࡲࡍࡀࠊ஫࠸࡟㐃ᦠࡋࡘࡘࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞◊✲ࢆ⪃࠼ࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣࠊࡑࢀࢆࢧ࣏࣮
ࢺࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡶጞࡵࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ 㸳࣮࣌ࢪࡣ㈈ᨻつᶍ࡛ࠊ୕ࡘࢢࣛࣇࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊᕥࡀ  ᖺᗘ࡜୰ኸࡢ  ᖺᗘࡢ್ࡣᖺᗘ⤊஢᫬ࡢ☜ᐃࡋࡓ㔠㢠࡛ࡍࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊྑഃࡢᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡢࢢࣛࣇࡣぢ㎸ࡳ㢠࡛ࠊ⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝⿵ຓ㔠࡜ཷク◊✲㈝ࡢ㢠ࡣࡲࡔỴࡲࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ௬࡟ᖹᡂ  ᖺ࡜ྠ㢠࡟ࡋ࡚࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ᖺᗘࡢே௳㈝ࠊ
◊✲⤒㈝ࠊඹྠ฼⏝⤒㈝࡜࠸ࡗࡓ㐠Ⴀ㈝஺௜㔠ࡣ☜ᐃ㔠㢠࡛ࡍࠋࡓࡔ⌧ᅾࡢ≧ἣ࠿ࡽࠊᮏᙜ࡟඲㢠᮶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡣࠊᐇࡣศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ᚰ㓄ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢ㸱ᖺ㛫ࡣᖾ࠸ᑡࡋࡎࡘఙ
ࡧ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᫖ᖺᗘࡢỴ⟬㢠ࡣ⥲㢠࡯ࡰ  ൨෇࡛ࡋࡓࠋ 㸴࣮࣌ࢪࡣࠊ◊✲ᡤࡢάືෆᐜࢆ஬ࡘࡢ㡯┠࡛ศࡅ࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࠋձᏛ⾡◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍ࠊղඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍ࠋճᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ࡜ᗈሗάືࡢᒎ㛤ࠋմ᪂ࡓ࡞◊✲㡿ᇦࡢ㛤ᣅࠋյⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂࠋⱝᡭ◊✲⪅࡟ࡣ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡢᩍ⫱࣭㣴ᡂࡶධࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓᙧࡢάືࢆࡋ࡚࠸
ࡲࡍࠋᮏ᪥ࡢホ౯఍㆟ࡢ㈨ᩱࡶࠊࡇࡢ஬ࡘࡢศࡅ᪉࡛ࡑࢁ࠼࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࡶ࠺ᑡࡋヲࡋ࠸ㄝ᫂ࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡲࡎࠊ㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ㸵࣮࣌ࢪ௨㝆ࡣཧ⪃㈨ᩱ࡛ࠊྑୖ࡟ࠕ◊ࠖࡸࠕඹࠖ࡞࡝࡛♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ௒
ゝࡗࡓ஬ࡘࡢศࡅ᪉࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡽࢆ㡰␒࡟ぢ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ๓࡟ࠊ㈨ᩱ㸯ࡢࠕᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᐇ⦼ࡢᴫせࠖࢆࡈぴࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠋ
 ᭱ึ࡟ࠕᏛ⾡◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚᫖ᖺᗘࡢάືࢆࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢྑ⫪࡟㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ㹎㸯㹼㸴࡜࠿㸵㹼㸷࡜᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡿࡢࡀࠊࡘ࠸ඛ࡯࡝⤂௓ࡋࡓ㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ࣮࣌ࢪ␒ྕ࡛ࠊࡑࡇࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅ
ࢀࡤࠊࡼࡾヲࡋ࠸᝟ሗࡀศ࠿ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡟సࡗ࡚࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋᏛ⾡◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ◊✲ࡣ㝶ศ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡲࡍࠋᶵ㛵ูࡢㄽᩥᘬ⏝ᗘᣦᩘࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࣇ࢓ࢡࢱ࣮ࡢ㧗࠸㞧ㄅ࡟ฟࡓㄽᩥᩘࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ➇தⓗ࡞㈨㔠ࢆ㝶ศྲྀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࠶ࡾࠊⓙࡉࢇ㠀ᖖ࡟㡹ᙇࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⚾࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ලయⓗ࡞◊✲ᡂᯝࡀձ㹼ջࡲ࡛᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜ࡋ࡚ᗈሗᐊࡢ᪉࠿ࡽⓎ⾲ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ 㸯␒┠ࡢ࣓ࢲ࢝࡟㛵ࡍࡿ༸ࡢᖿ⣽⬊ࢆぢࡘࡅࡓ࡜࠸࠺௙஦ࡣ⏣୰෸ᩍᤵࡀฟࡋࡓㄽᩥ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ
ࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࠖ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࠊࡇࡢ௙஦ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡍࡿᡂᯝ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⏣୰ࡉࢇࡣࡘ࠸᭱㏆ࠊᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬⾲ᙲ࡟㑅ࡤࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋղ௨㝆ࡢ◊✲ෆᐜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ୍ࡘࡎࡘㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡢࡶఱ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊչࡢ 5LSSO\− 173 −

㸱㑇ఏᏊ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㧗⏣ᩍᤵࠊպࡢ 3ULFNOH㸰㑇ఏᏊ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣୖ㔝ᩍᤵࡢ࠾௙஦࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ⡆༢࡟࠾஧ே࠿ࡽ⤂௓ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ
㸦㧗⏣㸧 ࡛ࡣࠊ⡆༢࡟ࡈ⤂௓ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋչࡢ௙஦࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ◊✲ᐊࡀ୰ᚰ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚⾜ࡗࡓ௙஦࡛ࡍࠋ⬨᳝ື≀ࡢⓎ⏕࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࠿ࡽࡔࡢศ⠇ᵓ㐀ࡀࡀࠊ᫬㛫⤒㐣࡜࡜ࡶ
࡟⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋసࡽࢀ࡚⾜ࡁࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡣࠊ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ศ⠇ࡀ᫬㛫⤒㐣࡜࡜ࡶ࡟⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋసࡽࢀࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡍ
࡞ࢃࡕࠊࡑࡢ᫬㛫ࢆ้ࡴ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡜ศ⠇ⓗ࡞ᙧࢆసࡿ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢ࢝ࢵࣉࣜࣥࢢ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࠊ
⚾ࡓࡕࡣ⯆࿡ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒ࡲ࡛య⠇࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞᪂つ㑇ఏᏊࢆⓎぢࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡢ࡛ࡍ
ࡀࠊࡇࡢㄽᩥ࡛ࡣయ⠇࡜ྠᵝ࡟⬨᳝ື≀ࡢ୰࡛ศ⠇ⓗ࡞⤌⧊ࢆసࡗ࡚࠸ࡿဗ㢌ᘪ࡟╔┠ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ
ලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊဗ㢌ᘪࡢศ⠇ᙧᡂ࡟㛵୚ࡍࡿ㑇ఏᏊ 5LSSO\ ࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟ྠᐃࡋࠊࡑࡢᶵ⬟ゎᯒࢆࠊࣀࢵ
ࢡ࢔࢘ࢺ࣐࢘ࢫࢆసࡗ࡚⾜ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ ⚾ࡓࡕࡀணᮇࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ㑇ఏᏊ⮬యࡣேࡢ⑓Ẽ࡜ࡶ㛵㐃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋဗ㢌ᘪ
࡛ࡣ 7E[㸯࡜࠸࠺㑇ఏᏊࡀⓎ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡣࠕ'L*HRUJH ⑕ೃ⩌ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ከ⮚ჾ⑌ᝈࡢཎᅉ㑇ఏᏊ࡜ࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒ᅇࠊ⚾ࡓࡕࡀྠᐃࡋࡓࡇࡢ 5LSSO\㸱࡜࠸࠺㑇ఏᏊࡣࠊ
7E[㸯㑇ఏᏊࡢࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈࣞࢠ࣮ࣗࣞࢱ࣮࡛࠶ࡾࠊᐇ㝿࡟⏕యෆ࡟࠾࠸࡚ 7E[㸯ࡢᶵ⬟ࢆㄪᩚࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆేࡏ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ
㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊ⥆ࡁࡲࡋ࡚⚾ࡢ◊✲ᐊࡢᡂᯝ࡛ࡍࠋ⚾࡝ࡶࡣ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝ࢶ࣓࢚࢞ࣝࢆࠊ୺࡟ࣔ
ࢹࣝ⏕≀࡜ࡋ࡚ᙧែᙧᡂࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢ㐣⛬࡛ࠊ౛࠼ࡤࢩࣙ࢘ࢪࣙ࢘ࣂ࢚ࡢ
⩟࡟⏕࠼ࡿᑠࡉ࡞ẟࢆࠕ࢘࢖ࣥࢢ࣊࢔ࠖ࡜ゝ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢྥࡁࢆỴࡵࡿ⣽⬊ᴟᛶᅉᏊ࡜࠸࠺㑇ఏᏊ⩌ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢ୰ࡢ୍ࡘ࡟ 3ULFNOH ࡜࠸࠺㑇ఏᏊࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢ⣽⬊ᴟᛶᙧᡂᅉᏊࡣࠊື
≀ࡢయ㍈ࡢ୰㍈୰⬇ⴥ⤌⧊ᙧᡂ࡟㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡛ࠊ⬨᳝ື≀࡛ࡶྠᵝࡢ┦ᙜ࡞㑇ఏᏊࡀ㐪ࡗࡓാࡁࢆ
ᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆぢࡘࡅ࡚ࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽⓎᒎࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ◊✲࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢ 3ULFNOH 㑇ఏᏊࡢᙺ๭ࢆࠊື≀✀ࢆ㉸࠼ࡓᙺ๭ࢆࡼࡾᗈࡃࠊჾᐁᙧᡂࡶྵࡵ࡚⌮ゎࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ㑇ఏᏊ◚ቯ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ⌮◊࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡛సᡂࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢ㐣⛬࡛࣊ࢸࣟ᥋ྜయ࡟࠾࠸࡚⾜ື␗ᖖࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ
࠿ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࡑࡢᚋࠊᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲࡟Ⓨᒎࡋࠊࡇࢀࡣ࢔࢖࢜࣡኱Ꮫࡢᑠඣ⛉ࡢඛ⏕࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡛ࠊࣄࢺࡢ࡚ࢇ࠿ࢇᐙ⣔ࡢ୍㒊࡟ࠊࡇࡢྠࡌ㑇ఏᏊࡢኚ␗ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡾࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗ
ࡓ࡚ࢇ࠿ࢇࣔࢹࣝࡢ୍ࡘ࡟࡞ࡾᚓࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࢔࢖࢜࣡኱Ꮫ࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡛ㄽᩥ
ࢆⓎ⾲ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ࡯࠿࡟ࡶ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞Ⓨ⾲ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡣ௒ࡢ㈨ᩱࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤࡼࢁࡋ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ
Ꮫ⾡◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㄝ᫂ࡣࡇࡇ࡛Ṇࡵ࡚ࠊࡈ㉁ၥ࡞ࡾࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑࡢ๓࡟࠾᩿ࡾࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢእ㒊Ⅼ᳨ホ౯ሗ࿌᭩ࡢ  ᖺᗘ∧ࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅ
ࢀࡤศ࠿ࡾࡲࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊⓙࡉࢇࡢࡈⓎゝࡣࢸ࣮ࣉ࡟ྲྀࡽࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀࢆᩥ᭩࡜ࡋ࡚グ− 174 −

㘓ࡋࠊ௒ᚋࡢᇶ⏕◊ࡢ◊✲ࡸ㐠Ⴀ࡟ά࠿ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡇ࡜࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࢸ࣮ࣉ㉳ࡇࡋࢆࡋࡓᚋࠊ
ⓙࡉࢇࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ᅇࡋ࡚ࠊᑡࡋゝ࠸ࡍࡂࡓ࡞࡝࡜࠸ࡗࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࡣᾘࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ࠶ࡲࡾ
ࡇࡔࢃࡽࡎ࡟Ⓨゝࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ኱୔ኵ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊඛ࡯࡝࠿ࡽࡢᏛ⾡◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ㄝ᫂➼ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢⅬ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ఱ࠿ࡈ㉁ၥࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇ࠿ࠋࣃ࣮࣏࣡࢖ࣥࢺࡢ㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ㸵㹼 ࣮࣌ࢪࡲ࡛ࡀලయⓗ࡞ㄽᩥࡢᴗ⦼➼ࡢࠊᏛ⾡◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡢ㈨ᩱ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࡶ⤖ᵓ࡛ࡍࠋ
 ㈨ᩱ㸲࡟࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ᪤࡟㸱ྡࡢ᪉࠿ࡽࡈពぢࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡇ࡟ฟᖍࡋ࡚࠸
ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ࡢ୰࡟ࡶ᪤࡟ᥦฟ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ࡀ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡿ࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡶࡲࡓ
Ⓨゝࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࡿ࡜᭷ࡾ㞴࠸࡛ࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ࡯࠿ࡢពぢ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺
ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾ヰࡋ࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡢࡶ࠸࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ࡲࡎࠊᏛ⾡◊✲ࡢ᥎㐍࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࠊࡇࡢࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㈨ᩱ㸯࡟ิᣲࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢᣏぢࡋ࡚ࠊᮏᙜ࡟࠸࠸௙஦ࢆࡇࡢ◊✲ᡤ࡛㐍ࡵ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋせࡍࡿ࡟࣑ࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ࠶ࡿࠊࡲࡎඛᑟⓗ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࠊ࠸࠸◊✲ᡤࢆసࡗ࡚ࡳࢇ࡞ࢆᘬࡗᙇࡗ
࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸௙஦ࡀࡇࡢ◊✲ᡤ࡛࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ
࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡢᅇ⟅ࡢ୰࡟ࡶ࠺᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࣇ࢓ࢡࢱ࣮பࠎ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㍕ࡏ࡞࠸ࢃࡅ࡟ࡣ࠸࠿࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࡀࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡼࡾࡣࠊࡇࡢࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫࡢࡼ࠺࡟◊✲ࡢ୰㌟ࢆ
ࡁࡕࢇ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࡇࡢάືࢆṇࡋࡃホ౯ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࡜࠸࠺ጼໃࡀ◊✲ᡤ࡟ࡣᮃࡲࢀࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡜
ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࣇ࢓ࢡࢱ࣮࡟ᘬࡗᙇࡽࢀࡍࡂࡿࡢࡣࡼࡃ࡞࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ◊✲ࡢᐇ㉁ࡀ཯ᫎࡉࢀࡿᙧ࡛ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ぢࡏ᪉ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡢࡀ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࣇ࢓ࢡࢱ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚൅ࡣ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ࡟᭩࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀ࡜ࡣู࡟ࠕ㐍Ꮫ
022.ࠖࡢ኱Ꮫࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣ࡝ࡢࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢࢆྲྀࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࠿࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㡰఩ࡣࡔ࠸ࡪ㐪ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ୍⯡ྥࡅ࡟࢔ࣆ࣮ࣝࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ୍␒Ⰻࡉࡑ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࡶࡢࢆྲྀࡗ࡚
ࡃࢀࡤ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࠶ࡲ
ࡾࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣࡸࡾࡍࡂ࡞࠸᪉
ࡀࡼࡃ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ᮾ኱࡛ࡸࡿ࡜ࡁࡣࠊࢺ࣒ࢯ࣭ࣥ
ࣟ࢖ࢱ࣮ࡢࡶࡢࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ࠊ
⌮Ꮫ⣔ࡔࡅ࡛ぢࡿ࡜ୖ఩㸳఩ࡄࡽ࠸࡟ᮾ኱ࡣධࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࡛ࠊከศ
ᮾ኱ࡣࡑࢀࢆ౑࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࢺ࣒
ࢯ࣭ࣥࣟ࢖ࢱ࣮ࡀ࠸࠸࠿࡝࠺࠿ศ
࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ࢖ࣥ
ࢱ࣮ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࡛ࣝࠊࢪ࢙ࢿࣛࣝ࡞ࠊ

− 175 −

ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞ࢫࢱࣥࢲ࣮ࢻࡔ࡜࠸࠺ゝ࠸᪉ࢆࡍࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡑࡶࡑࡶࠕ㐌หᮅ᪥㐍Ꮫ
022.ࠖ࡜ࡣఱ࡞ࡢ㸽࡜㸦➗㸧ࠋࠕࡇࢀࡗ࡚኱୔ኵ࡞ࡢ㸽ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞༳㇟ࡀᑡࡋ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ
ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ◊✲ᶵ㛵ࡀ⮬ศࡢ࠸࠸⤫ィࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡔࡅࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࡸࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡣ
ࡸࡵ࡚ࠊࡶࡋࡸࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ඲ᅜࡢᶵ㛵ࡀ୍ᚊࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᇶ‽ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࢆ࡝ࡇ࠿࡛ฟࡋ࡚ࠊࡑ
ࢀ࡛ษ☩⌶☻ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ጼࢆぢࡏࡿࡢࡀ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ
 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊఱ࠿⮬ศࡓࡕࡢ㒔ྜ࡛㑅ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᮾ኱ࡣࡇ࠺࠸࠺ホ౯ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡣࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࠊࡲࡓูࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡣ㐪࠺ホ౯ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࠊᬑ㏻ࡢேࡓࡕࡢ┠࡟ࡉࡽࡉࢀ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊᬑ㏻ࡢேࡓࡕࡣࡍࡈ࠸୙ಙឤࢆᣢࡘࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ
ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡢࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢆ⤖ᒁࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡘࡪࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ẽࡀᑡࡋࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊඛ࡯࡝ࡢ࢖ࣥ
ࣃࢡࢺࣇ࢓ࢡࢱ࣮ࡶࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡋࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡶࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡟ࡇࡔࢃࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࡇࢁ
࡛ࠊࡶ࠺ᑡࡋᐈほⓗ࡞ᙧ࡛ࡢホ౯ࢆࠊ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢホ౯ᇶ‽࡛ࡁࡕࢇ࡜ࡸࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡢホ౯ࡢ௙᪉ࡢᇶ
‽ࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡟࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࡀࡑࢀ࡛࠸࠸࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡀࠊⰋࡃࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ᑡࡋࡈㄝ᫂ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣᅜ❧᝟ሗᏛ◊✲ᡤࡢ᰿ᓊṇගࡉࢇࡀẖᖺࡇࡢ኱Ꮫࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢ࡟㍕ࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ㈨ᩱ࡛ࠊ⚾࡝ࡶࡣࡇࡇ  ᖺ㛫ࡄࡽ࠸ࡎࡗ࡜౑࠸⥆ࡅ࡚ࡁࡓ୍ࡘࡢࢫࢱࣥ
ࢲ࣮ࢻ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ⚟⏣ඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢺ࣒ࢯ࣭ࣥࣟ࢖ࢱ࣮ࡢᣦᶆࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ᐈほⓗ࡛࠸࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㡰఩ࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡲࡍ࡜ࠊ࠶ࢀࡣつᶍࡀ኱ࡁ࠸኱Ꮫࡀୖ఩࡟᮶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࠋ
㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊつᶍࡢᑠࡉ࠸኱Ꮫࡣࠊ⥲ㄽᩥᩘ࡛ᙜ↛㡰఩࡟ධࡗ࡚ࡇ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ㸯ᮏᙜࡓࡾࡢㄽᩥࡢᘬ⏝⋡ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗࠸ࡢࡔࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ㡰఩ࡀୗࡢ᪉࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞஦᝟ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ⚾࡝ࡶ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ᝟ሗ࡛ᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢔ࣆ࣮ࣝࡏࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺஦᝟ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡔ࠿ࡽࠊࡶࡋ࠿ࡋࡓࡽ஧ࡘฟࡏࡤ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ౛࠼ࡤ௒ࠊୡ⏺ⓗ࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ୰࡛ࡶ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᇶ‽࡜ࡇ࠺࠸࠺ᇶ‽ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡔ࠿ࡽ⥲㔞࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᇶ‽ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡣࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆ౑ࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊࡶ࠺୍ࡘ㔜せ࡞ࡢࡣ୍ಶ୍ಶࡢㄽᩥࡢ౯್ࡢࡼ
࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡀ࡝ࢀࡄࡽ࠸㧗࠸࠿࡛ࠊࡑࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࡇ࠺࠸࠺ホ౯ࡢ௙᪉ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚࡜࠸࠺᱁ዲ࡛ࠊ౛࠼
ࡤ஧ࡘฟࡏࡤⰋ࠸ࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋ
㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࠼࠼ࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࡸࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆࡶ࠺ᑡࡋㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸࠿ࡶ
ࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ
− 176 −

㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ࠼࠼ࠋ㸯ᮏᙜࡓࡾࡢᘬ⏝ᗘᩘ࡛ࢺ࣒ࢯ࣭ࣥࣟ࢖ࢱ࣮ࡢ㡰␒ࢆ୪࡭᭰࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶᑡࡋ⪃࠼ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ୰࡟ධࡗ࡚ࡇ࡞࠸ࠊࡉࡽ࡟ᑠࡉ࡞つᶍࡢᶵ㛵ࢆ᤼㝖ࡋࡓࠊࡲࡓࡉࡽ
࡟ពᅗⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡕࡻࡗ࡜௒ᅇࡣ᥍࠼ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࠸ࡸࠊከศࡇࢀࢆ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᇶ‽ࡀࡑ࠺࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡏࡤ࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡞࡜ࠋ
ࡑࢀࢆ୪ิࡍࡿ᪉ࡀࠊࡶ࠺ᑡࡋ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡀࡘ࠿ࡳࡸࡍ࠸ࠋࡶࡋࡑࢀࢆ౑࠺ࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡑࡢ᪉ࡀ࠸
࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ពᅗࡣࡼࡃศ࠿ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊ⮬ศࡓࡕ࡛⮬ಙࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ㒊ศࡣࡇ࠺ࡔ࡜࠸࠺ホ౯ࢆࡋࡓ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ☜࠿࡟࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡿ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲ
ࡍࠋࡓࡔࠊࡑࢀࡀ࡝ࡇࡲ࡛ᐈほⓗ࠿࡜ゝࢃࢀࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡑ࠺ࠋᩥ⛉┬࠶ࡓࡾ࡟ฟࡍࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡇࢀ࡛ࡶ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡸࡣࡾ◊✲⪅௰㛫࡟ࡣࠊࡇࢀ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸᪉ࡀ࠸࠸࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺ឤࡌࡀࡋࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ┦ᡭࢆぢ࡞ࡀࡽ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢཧ⪃㈨ᩱࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾ࠶ࡿព࿡ࠊ኱Ꮫホ౯ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡢ㈨ᩱࢆවࡡ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ⅼࡶ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡸࡣࡾ
࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶᑓ㛛ⓗ࡞᪉ࠎࡢࡇ࡜࡛ࡋࡓࡽࠊ௒ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ㄝ᫂ࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡢࡀ୍␒࠸࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ
࡛ࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊูࡢศ㔝ࡢ᪉࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡢㄝ᫂࡜࡞ࡾࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ᩘ್ࡀ࡝࠺
ࡋ࡚ࡶゝࢃࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ᙧࡀฟ࡚ࡁ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋከศࡑࢀ࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⛉◊㈝ࡢ ᶵ㛵ࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢࡀ࣮࣌ࢪ㸷࡟ࡶฟ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀࡶᇶᮏⓗ࡞⥲㢠࠿ࡽࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ
࡛ࠊᶓ࡟㸯௳ᙜࡓࡾࡢ㔠㢠ࢆᇶ⏕◊ࡀ௜ࡅࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽぢࢀࡤࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ฟࡏࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᕤኵࡣࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ㈨ᩱ㸲ࡢࡈពぢࡢ㸱࡟ࠊࠕࠗࡇࡢศ㔝࡞ࡽᇶ⏕◊࠘࡜ୡ⏺ⓗ࡟ㄆ▱ࡉࢀࡿ㡿ᇦࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ
ࡼ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠖࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠕ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢண⟬ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࠊᇶ┙ⓗ࡛Ἴཬຠᯝࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࢹ
࣮ࢱࢆ኱つᶍ࡟⵳✚࣭ᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤྍ⬟࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜ゝࡗ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
 ࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢពぢ㸱ࡢ᪉ࡣࠕࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ㛫ࡢ༠ຊ㛵ಀࡶసࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᛮ࠸ษࡗࡓⓎ᝿࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ⼥ྜࢆ⾜࠺஦࡟ࡼࡾࣈ࣮ࣞࢡࢫ࣮ࣝࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠖࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᥦ᱌࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ➇தⓗ࡞◊✲㈝ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ௙⤌ࡳࢆసࡗ࡚ࡣ࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ≉࡟㸰␒┠ࡢࡈᥦ᱌࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞௙⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᡤෆࡢ◊✲⪅࠿ࡽᡤእࡢඛ⏕᪉࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࣈ࣮ࣞࢡࢫ࣮ࣝࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᥦ᱌ࢆເࡗ࡚ࠊ◊✲ᡤ࠿ࡽ᪂ࡓ࡟➇தⓗ࡞◊✲㈝ࢆฟࡍࡇ࡜ࢆ
⪃࠼࡚࠸࡚ࠊ௒ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡉࡏࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡓࡔࠊࠕࠗࡇࡢศ㔝࡞ࡽᇶ⏕◊࠘࡜ୡ⏺ⓗ࡟ㄆ▱ࡉࢀࡿ㡿ᇦࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮࢃࢀ

− 177 −

ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼࡸࠊࠕࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ኱つᶍ࡟⵳✚࣭ᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡣ࡝࠺࠿ࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᐇࡣ
ࡇࢀࢆ᭩࠿ࢀࡓඛ⏕ࡣ௒᪥ࡣ࠾࠸࡛࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡈពぢࡣ࡝࠺࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
 ࠕࠗࡇࡢศ㔝࡞ࡽᇶ⏕◊࠘࡜ㄆ▱ࡉࢀࡿ㡿ᇦࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊࡑࡢ࡜࠾
ࡾ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ◊✲ᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚ศ㔝ࢆ㝈ࡗ࡚≉࡟㞟୰ࡋ࡚◊✲ࡍࡿࡢࡀࡼ࠸࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ
࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㝶ศ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞㆟ㄽࢆࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ⤖ᒁࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡢ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ❧ሙ࠿ࡽぢࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ
࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞⏕≀ࡢᮦᩱࡶ࠶ࡿࡋࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ศ㔝ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢศ㔝ࡢ୰࡛᪂ࡋ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࢆ
᥈ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫࡢከᵝ࡞◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ᪉ࡀ㔜せ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡑࡢ᪉ࡀ
ᇶ⏕◊࡜ࡋ࡚⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥ࠿ࡽࡳ࡚ࠊࡼࡾ㐺ษ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࠊ௒ࡣࠊ㆟ㄽࢆ㞟⣙ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛㸲ᖺ㛫ࡢ㛫࡟ࠊ㸴ྡࡢᩍᤵ࡜୍ேࡢ⊂❧෸ᩍᤵࡢඛ⏕ࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㑅⪃ጤဨ఍ࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡶࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛ࡋࡓࠋ௒ᚋࠊᑡࡋศ㔝ࢆ㞟୰ࡉࡏࡓ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ
࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡈពぢࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࡈពぢࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ࠾ఛ࠸ࡋࡓ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ ୍᪉ࠊࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ኱つᶍ࡟⵳✚ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛ࡢ◊✲ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢࢥ࢔࡜ࡋ࡚άືࡍࡿࡢࡀ࠸࠸
࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᡤෆࡢ㆟ㄽࡣ࠶ࡲࡾ↻ワࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ከศࠊ㑇ఏ◊ࡀ௒ࠊ๭࡜ぢ࠼ࡿ᱁ዲ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢆࡸࡗ࡚ࠊ
㑇ఏ◊ࡣࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡔ࡜࠸࠺ぢ࠼᪉ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡣࠊ
ࠕᇶ⏕◊ࡗ࡚ఱ㸽ࠖ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊከศࠕ௒ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡔ࡜ࠊ኱Ꮫ࡜࠶ࡲࡾ㐪ࢃ࡞࠸ࡼࡡࠖ࡜࠸࠺ឤࡌࡀᑡࡋࡍࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࠊศ㔝࡞ࡢ࠿ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡞ࡢ࠿ఱ࠿ศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ
ࠕࡇࢀࡗ࡚ᇶ⏕◊ࡋ࠿࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡼࡡࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠸࡞࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ☜࠿࡟ఱ࠿࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀࡀࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࢀࡇࡑすᮧࡉࢇࡀࡸࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞≉ᐃࡢࡶࡢࢆࡶࡗ࡜ᗈࡆࡓ᱁ዲ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㛗㇂㒊ࡉࢇࡀࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࠊఱ࠿ࡑࢀࢆࡶࡗ࡜
ᗈࡆࡓࡶࡢ࠿ࠋࡑࢀࡣఱ࡛ࡶ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊከศࡇࡇࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࢆࠊ௒ࡇࡢ୰࡛ࡸ
ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࡀึࡵ࡟ጞࡵ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡀᗈࡀࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡞࡜ࠋ ศ㔝ࡶࡑ࠺࡛ࠊ᪂ࡋࡃఱ࠿ศ㔝ࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࡼࡾࡣࠊࡇࡢ୰࡟࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࡀࡍࡈࡃ௒Ⓨᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊࡑࢀࢆࡶࡗ࡜ࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡶࡗ࡜ぢ࠼࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡔ࠿ࡽ
ࡑ࠺࠸࠺యไ࡛ࠊእ࠿ࡽ࠸ࡁ࡞ࡾఱ࠿ࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ఱ࡜࠿࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ
ࠕࡑࢀࡣࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ᇶ⏕◊࡛ࡸࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ゝࢃࢀ᪉ࢆࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ୰࡛⫱ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞ே
ࡓࡕࡀࡶࡗ࡜ᗈࡀࢁ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊࡑࢀࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡀᇶ⏕◊ࡢ㢦࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ጼࡀ୍␒࠸࠸ࡼ࠺࡞Ẽࡀࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆࠊࡕ
ࡷࢇ࡜సࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡢࡀ࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡞࡜ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᇶ⏕◊࡟ࡣ௒ࠊ஬ࡘࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡣ௒ࠊࡇ
ࡇ࡛ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼࡾࡣ࠿࡞ࡾᑠࡉ࠸ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟≉Ṧ໬ࡉࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࣄ࣓ࢶࣜ

− 178 −

࢞ࢿࢦࢣࡢ F'1$ ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ࡜ࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽୖ㔝ࡉࢇࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡢ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝ࢶ࣓࢚࢞ࣝࡢ F'1$ ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ࣑ࢪࣥࢥࡢ F'1$ ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡋࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽෆᒣࡉࢇࡀࡸࡗ࡚࠸
ࡿᚤ⏕≀ࡢ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ࡜ࠊ⚾࡝ࡶࡀࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᳜≀࢜ࣝ࢞ࢿࣛࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࠋࡑ
ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᇶ⏕◊ࡢ≉ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑ࠺࠸࠺⏕≀✀ࡀ㐪࠺ࡶࡢࢆࡸࡗ
࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊᕧ኱࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺≉␗ⓗ࡞ࠊࡑࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࡟
ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡣ࠿࡞ࡾຊࢆධࢀ࡚ࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸
ࡲࡍࠋ ࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡶࠊ୍ࡘࡣඹྠ฼⏝ࡢ୰࡟ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺≉ูࡢඹྠ฼⏝ࠊ ୓෇ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚ᐇ㝿࡟ᶵჾࡢ౑࠸᪉࡜ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࡶࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ
࡛ࡑࢀࢆᇶ⏕◊ࡢㄆ㆑࡟ࡘ࡞ࡆ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿ࡀࡲࡔ༑ศ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡸࡣࡾࡇࡢከ
ᵝᛶࢆ༑ศ࡟⏕࠿ࡋࡓୖ࡛ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ⵳✚ࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾ㔜せ࡞࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡶࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࠸ࡸࠊࡔ࠿ࡽࡶ࠺ᑡࡋࠊ౛࠼ࡤ  ୓෇࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㸯൨෇ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚ࠊఱ࡛ࡶ࠸࠸࡛ࡍࡀ
࠶ࡿ✀ࡢఱ࠿ࠊ㔝እࡢ⏕ࡁ≀ࡢఝࡓࡼ࠺࡞࠶ࡿ✀ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢆࡳࢇ࡞ࡑࢁ࠼࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡞࡝࡜࠸
ࡗࡓឤࡌ࡟ࡲ࡛㐍ࡵࢀࡤ࡝࠺࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ౛࠼ࡤすᮧࡉࢇࡀࡸࡗࡓⴥ⥳య࡞ࡽⴥ⥳యࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࢜
ࣝ࢞ࢿࣛ࡞ࡽ࢜ࣝ࢞ࢿ࡛ࣛࠊ⏕ࡁ≀ࡈ࡜࡟㐪࠺ࡢࡔ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㐪࠺  ✀㢮ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣋
࣮ࢫࢆసࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜࠿ࠊఱ࠿ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡓࡄ࠸ࡢࠊᑗ᮶࡟౑࠼࡚ࠊࡇࡇࡋ࠿࡞ࡃ࡚࡜࡚ࡶ኱஦ࡔ࡜
࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋู࡟ࡑࢀࢆ௒ࡍࡄసࢀ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍ
ࡀࠊఱ࠿ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠸ࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࡑࡢᘏ㛗࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀࠊಶࠎࡢ኱Ꮫ࡞࡝࡛ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾ㨩ຊࡀ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡸࡽ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡜࠿ࠊࡸࢀ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡜࠿࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࡢᇶ⏕◊ࡀᅜࡢඹྠ
฼⏝◊✲ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢᇶ┙ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ◊✲ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ࡽࡇࡑࠊࡑࢀࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࡶ
ࡋ࠿ࡋࡓࡽࠊࡑࡢࡇ࡜⮬యࡣࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࣇ࢓ࢡࢱ࣮࡞࡝࡟ࡣࡑࢇ࡞࡟ᐤ୚ࡋ࡞࠸ᆅ࿡࡞
ࡶࡢ࡞ࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ⤯ᑐࡳࢇ࡞႐ࡪࢱ࢖ࣉࡢࡶࡢࡀఱ࠿࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ᭱㏆ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡝ࢇ࡝ࢇࡍࡈ࠸ḟୡ௦ࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ࡀฟ᮶࡚ࡁࡓࡽࠊࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀࡜࠿ఱ࠿ࡣព࿡ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ⚾ࡶࡼࡃᑗ᮶ᛶࡀぢ࠼࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜
ࡀࠊḟࡣ┠ᶆ࡟࡞ࡾᚓࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶࠊぢᤣ࠼ࡓ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸ࡼ࠺࡞Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ࡑࡇ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᚋ࡛ࡲࡓࡶ࠺୍ᗘฟ࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ᇶ⏕◊ࡢᴫ⟬せồ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆ⏦ㄳࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࠊᑡࡋࡔࡅ࠾ヰࡋࡋࡼ࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒ࠊ㛗㇂ᕝඛ⏕ࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡶࠊከᑡ࠿࠿ࢃࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓᚋ࡛⥲ྜウㄽࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡈពぢࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

− 179 −

㸦▼㔝㸧 ௒ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡢ௳࡛ࡍࡀࠊ☜࠿࡟ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡣᇶ♏◊✲ࢆࡸࡿ࡜ࡁࡢ㔜せ࡞ᇶ♏
࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࢀ⮬యࡀࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࡜࠸࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑࡢ㒊ศࡀቑ࠼ࡍࡂ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜ࠊࡇࡇࡢ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝ◊✲ࢆ㜼ᐖࡍࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡢවࡡྜ࠸ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣࠊࡔ࠿ࡽࡇࡇ࡛◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࡀࠊࡲࡎᐇ㝿࡟⮬ศࡓࡕࡀ౑࠺ࡶࡢࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢆ඘ᐇࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡀ඲ᅜࡢே࡟౑࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢࣁ࢖ࢢ࣮ࣞ
ࢻ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡲࡎࡣࡑࢀࡀ୍␒኱஦ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡜ࡸࡣࡾࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢆቑࡸࡍࡇ࡜
⮬యࢆࠊ୍ࡘࡢ஦ᴗ࡟ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊࡑࢀࢆࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢸ࢕ࢫࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡸࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࢀ࡜ࡶࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢ
ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࢆసࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡇࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࢆࡸࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ࢭࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆసࡿࡢ࠿ࠋࡑࡇࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ุ᩿ࡀᚲせ࡞࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࠊࡸࡣࡾᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡣࠊ⣧⢋࡞⛉ᏛࡀⓎᒎࡉࡏࡽࢀࡿሙᡤ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜ࡣᛮࡗ
࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ࡯࠿࡟Ꮫ⾡◊✲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠋ㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ◊✲⤌⧊ࢆぢࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࡍࡈࡃ㒊㛛ࡀࡓࡃࡉࢇ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡜㸯ಶࡋ࠿࡞࠸
࡜ࡇࢁ࡜࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣఱ࠿ᡓ␎ⓗ࡟ࡇ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡓࡲࡓࡲࡑ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊఱ
࠿ᛮ᝿ⓗ⫼ᬒࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ≉࡟ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ᛮ᝿ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋඛ࡯࡝㸴ྡࡢᩍᤵ࡜ࡶ࠺୍ேࡢ⊂❧ࡢ෸ᩍᤵࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟᥇⏝ࡋࡓ࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ᭱ึࡢ㸱ྡࡢᩍᤵ࡜ࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ࠾୍ேࡢ⊂❧෸ᩍᤵࡢேࢆ᥇ࡿ
࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㸱ᖺ๓࡟࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ࡜ࡁࡢࢃࢀࢃࢀࡢ࣏ࣜࢩ࣮ࡣࠊศ㔝࡜ࡋ࡚ࡇࢀࡀ㊊ࡾ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡾࠊ
ࡇࡢඛ⏕ࡀᐃᖺ㏥⫋࡛࠾㎡ࡵ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡢ㏆࠸㒊ศࢆᚋ࡛⿵඘ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᮏ
ᙜ࡟ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫࡢศ㔝࡜ࡋ࡚኱஦࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࢆ᪂ࡋࡃ᥇ࡾࡲࡋࡻ࠺࡜࠸࠺᪉㔪࡛᥇⏝ࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊⓎ⏕⏕≀Ꮫ㡿ᇦࡣ㝶ศேࡀቑ࠼ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ᪂ࡓ࡟㸱ྡࡢᩍᤵࢆ᥇⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡾࠊࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣከᑡศ㔝ࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࠊ᳜≀◊✲ࡢே࡜⚄⤒⏕≀Ꮫࡢேࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊከᑡศ㔝ࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࡶ⪃࠼ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ࡜ࡋ࡚኱஦࡞ศ㔝ࢆࡲࢇ࡭ࢇ࡞ࡃᗈࡃྲྀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ
⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋ㸦ぢᏛ㸧 ࠕࡇࡢศ㔝࡞ࡽᇶ⏕◊ࠖ࡜࠸࠺᪉ྥᛶࢆࡘࡃࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿࡜࠸
࠺ၥ㢟࡛ࠊ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺
࡟ࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ࡛኱஦࡞࡜ࡇࢁࢆ
ఙࡤࡍ࡜࠸࠺᪉ྥᛶࡣࠊ⚾ࡣṇࡋ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡋ
࠿ࡋࠊࡸࡣࡾࠕࡇࡢศ㔝࡟ᙉ࠸ᇶ⏕◊ࠖࡀఱ࡞ࡢ࠿ࡣࠊᑡࡋぢ࠼࡟− 180 −

ࡃ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺༳㇟ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ≉࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫࡢ௙᪉ࡸ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࡢసࡾ᪉࡞࡝ࠊ
ᗈሗࡢၥ㢟࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ◊✲⪅ಶࠎࡢ㢦ࡀぢ࠼࡚ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡯࠿ࡢ◊✲ᡤ࡛ࢫࢱ࣮◊✲⪅࡞࡝ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ឤࡌࡢ᪉ࡀࡓࡃࡉࢇ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡿࡢ࡟ࠊ࡝࡞ࡓࡀᇶ⏕◊࡟࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡿࡢ࠿ࡀぢ࠼࡟ࡃ࠸ࠋㄽᩥ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ௙஦࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ࡝ࢇ࡞㠃ⓑ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠸
࠺ࡢࡀࠊࡶࡗ࡜ぢ࠼࡚ࡁ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺༳㇟ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡞࠿࡞࠿ぢ࠼࡟ࡃ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ☜࠿࡟ࡑ࠺࠸࠺≧ែ࡛ࠊࡑࡢศࠊᗈሗ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫࢆጞࡵࡓࡾࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽᐇ㝿࡟ࡣⱝᡭࠊ◊✲⪅ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅࣗ
࣮グ஦࡞࡝ࢆసࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ౛࠼ࡤ  ᖺᗘࡢࠕእ㒊Ⅼ᳨ホ౯ሗ࿌᭩ࠖࡢ  ࣮࣌ࢪࡣࠊ㛗㇂㒊ᩍᤵࡢࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ
ࠕ⏕ࡁ≀ࡢ◊✲࡟᝟⇕ࢆὀࡄேࡓࡕࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛෉Ꮚࢆసࡗ࡚㓄ᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ヨࡳࡣࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ᙧ࡛࠺ࡲࡃᐉఏࡍࡿఱ࠿㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸᪉ἲࡀ
࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡲࡓᩍ࠼࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࠶ࡾࡀࡓ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ
㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ࡇࢀࡣ༳ๅࡋ࡚㓄ᕸࡋ࡚ࡶࠊᜍࡽࡃ┠࡟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠊࡘࡲࡾ㓄ᕸࡢ௙᪉ࢆᕤኵࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊᗈሗࡢ᪉࡛ࡣࠊࡲࡔࡈࡃ
ᩘྡ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ◊✲⪅࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࢆື⏬࡛సᡂࡋࠊࡑࢀࢆ࢙࢘ࣈୖ࡛㓄ಙࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺
࡞ࡇ࡜ࡶヨࡳ࡚ࡋࡣࡌࡵ࡚࠸࡚ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᗈࡀࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡤᑡࡋࡣ㢦ࡀぢ࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࠿
࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞᪉ἲࢆ௒ࠊヨ⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ᮾ኱࡛ᆏ㔝ࡉࢇࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓ౛ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓ࠿㸽㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࢫࢱ࣮࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣከศࡘࡃࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡔ࠿ࡽ൅ࡽࡣࠊࡶ࠺ᆏ㔝ࡉࢇࢆࢫࢱ࣮࡟ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ
࠼࡜Ỵࡵࡓࡽࠊᆏ㔝ࡉࢇࡀ࡝ࡇ࡟࡛ࡶ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁฟ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡼ࠺࡞᱁ዲࡢࡶࡢࢆࠊࡁࡗ࡜ࡘࡃࡿࡼ࠺
࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋࡇࡢேࢆࢫࢱ࣮࡟ࡍࡿ࡜ㄡ࠿Ỵࡵ࡚ࠊࡑࡢேࢆ࡜࡟࠿ࡃ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ
࡞࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ᘬࡗᙇࡗ࡚࠸ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋࡇࡢேࡣࢃࡀࡲࡲࡔ࠿ࡽࠊࡁࡗ࡜ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ↓⌮ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࡛ࡶከศࢫࢱ࣮࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࡘࡃࡿேࡀ࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸ࡅ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡸࡣࡾࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ぢࡏ᪉ࢆࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ൅ࡽࡀᖖࠎᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊ౛࠼ࡤ᳜≀Ꮫࡢ୰࡛࡜࡟࠿ࡃㄡ࠿ࢫࢱ࣮ࢆࡘࡃࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸
࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡽࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ࡇࡢேࢆࡳࢇ࡞ฟࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠼࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡀ
㸦➗㸧ࠋከศࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡓࡄ࠸ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆព㆑ࡋ࡚ࡸࡿࠋ≉࡟ⱝ࠸ேࢆᑡࡋ㛗࠸᫬㛫ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚ࠊࢫࢱ࣮
࡟ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡳࢇ࡞ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ฟࡍࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ᆏ㔝ࡉࢇ࠿ࡽࠊࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇ㸦➗㸧ࠋ㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ᚚᏑ▱ࡢᵝ࡟ࠊ㏆ᖺࠊᇶ⏕◊࡛ࡣ㝶ศࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚ே஦ࢆࡸࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊࢃࢀࢃࢀࡶ
┦ᙜ㡹ᙇࡗ࡚㑅⪃ࡋࡓࡘࡶࡾ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ௒ࠊ⚟⏣ࡉࢇࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢫࢱ࣮ࡢ⣲㉁ࡢ࠶

− 181 −

ࡿࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ಶᛶⓗࠊ࡞࠾࠿ࡘᡯ⬟ࡢ࠶ࡿ᪉ࡓࡕࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ୍ୡ௦ୖࡢᖺᐤࡾࡢඛ⏕᪉ࡀࣚ࢖ࢩࣙࡋ࡚ࠊ⫱࡚࡚࠸ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⚟⏣ࡉࢇࡢ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࠊ
ࠕࢫࢱ࣮ࡣࡘࡃࡿࡶࡢ
ࡔࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ⚾ࡶࡑࡢ࡜࠾ࡾࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡲࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ᗈሗࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡶࠊᡓ␎ⓗ࡟ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ᗈሗࢆࡋ࡞࠸࡜࠸ࡅ
࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊᗈሗࡢ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡶࡗ࡜ᡤ㛗࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊ㐠Ⴀጤဨ఍ࣞ࣋ࣝ࠿ఱ࠿ศ࠿
ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡞࠸࡜ࠊᗈሗࡢ୍Ꮡ࡛ࡸࡽࢀࡿ࡜⤖ᵓ༴࡞ࡃ࡚ࡋࡻ࠺ࡀ࡞࠸ࡢ
࡛ࠊࢃࢀࢃࢀࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡶࠊᗈሗ୍Ꮡࡣࡕࡻࡗ࡜ࡸࡵ࡚ࡕࡻ࠺ࡔ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀ⤖ᵓ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡸࡣࡾ࠶ࡿ࡝ࡇ࠿ࡢពᛮ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊఱ࠿ࢆࡸࡿࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ࡓࡔࠊ຺㐪࠸ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ⱝ࠸ேࡶࡲࡲฟ࡚ࡁࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀࡣẼࢆࡘࡅ࡚࠾ࡸࡾ࡟࡞ࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㐣ཤ㸱ᖺ㛫ࠊ㡹ᙇࡗ࡚᥇ࡗࡓᩘྡࡢᩍᤵࡶࡋࡃࡣ෸ᩍᤵࡢ᪉ࠎࢆࠊ࡝࠺
ᘬࡗᙇࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿ࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿ࠋࡇࢀࡣ◊✲ᡤ࡜࠸࠸ࡲࡍ࠿ࠊᡤ㛗ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞㈐௵
ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋ㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ⚾ࡀ᫇࠸ࡓࣂ࣮ࢮࣝච␿Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡣࠊ๰❧⪅࡛ᡤ㛗ࡢࢽ࣮ࣝࢫ࣭࣮ࣖࢿࡀࠊ฼᰿ᕝࡉࢇ
ࢆࡣࡌࡵ᪂㐍Ẽ㗦ࡢⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࢆୡ⏺୰࠿ࡽ㞟ࡵ࡚ࡁࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ࠶ࡿព࿡࡛ࡣࢹ࢕ࣞࢡࢱ࣮ࡀ࣓
ࣥࢱ࣮࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㹎㹇࡜࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡢ㛵ಀࡼࡾࡶ୍ẁୖ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊேࢆ⫱࡚ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡟࠾
࠸࡚ࡣࠊᖖ࡟ࢹ࢕ࣞࢡࢱ࣮ࡢ┠ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࣜࢡ࣮ࣝࢺ࣓ࣥࢺ࡛
ࡣࠊ≉࡟࢔ࢩࢫࢱࣥࢺ࣭ࣉࣟࣇ࢙
ࢵࢧ࣮ࡢሙྜࠊࢳ࢙࢔࣐ࣥ࡟ࠊᙼ
ࡽࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿ㈐௵ឤ࡜ពḧࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ᙉ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋே஦ጤဨ఍࡛
Ỵࡲࡗࡓࡽࠊ࠶࡜ࡣዲࡁ࡟ࡸࡗ࡚
ࡃࢀ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ࠸࠸ே
ࢆ㐃ࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚௙஦ࢆࡉࡏࡿࠊࡑࡋ
࡚ఙࡤࡍࡇ࡜ࡲ࡛ྵࡵ࡚ࡢே஦ࡔ
࡜࠸࠺ព㆑ࡀᚲせ࡞ࡢࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲ
ࡍࠋ

− 182 − ᇶ⏕◊ࡢሙྜࠊᩍᤵࡶࡋࡃࡣ෸ᩍᤵ࡜ࡋ࡚ே஦ࢆࡉࢀࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ௒࠿ࡽ୍௙஦ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠿
࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ேࡓࡕ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ◊✲ᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡑࡢேࡓࡕࢆᘬࡗᙇࡗ࡚࠸ࡃດຊࢆࡉࢀࡿ஦ࢆᮇ
ᚅࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ௒ࠊࡲࡉ࡟࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓ࡜࠾ࡾࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࢫࢱ࣮ࢆࡘࡃࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶࠊࡘࡃࡿດຊ
ࡸࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶࡶࡕࢁࢇ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠸࠿࡟࠸࠸௙஦ࢆࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㘽࡛ࠊ࿘ࡾ࡛↓⌮࡟ᣢࡕୖࡆࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣࠊヰ࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛ࡍࡡࠋ◊✲ᡤࡢ⫋ဨࡸ◊✲⪅ࡣࠊධࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ᫬ᮇ
ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ㐪࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶே஦ጤဨ఍࡛ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟㏻⏝ࡍࡿ㠀ᖖ࡟ඃ⚽࡞ேࢆ᥇ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡢ
࡛ࡍࠋ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡣࠊᖺ㱋ⓗ࡟ࡶ  ௦ࠊ ௦ࠊ ௦ࠊ ௦࡜ࠊ࠿࡞ࡾ࠺ࡲࡃࡤࡽࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋྛே
ࡀ⮬ศࡢ◊✲ࢆࡋࡗ࠿ࡾ㐍ࡵࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊ⮬ศࡢ◊✲ศ㔝࠾ࡼࡧ࿘ࡾࡢ◊✲ศ㔝ࢆぢ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ ᖺࠊ ᖺඛ࡟ఱࢆࡍࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼࡞ࡀࡽ◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࠊ࠾㢪࠸ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡋࠊ
ࡑࢀࡣ◊✲ᡤ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚኱஦࡞ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡲࡓࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺๭ྜᑠࡉ࡞◊✲ᡤ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊྛேࡀࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞኱Ꮫࡸ◊✲ᡤ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࡢ❆ཱྀ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶᚲせ࡛ࡍࡋࠊᩥ⛉┬࡞࡝ࡀ௒ᚋ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ື࠸࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࢔ࣥࢸࢼࢆ
ᣢࡘ࡜࠸࠺ࠊ୍✀ࡢࢭࣥࢫࡶᚲせ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ࡶᑡࡋධࡗ࡚࠸ࡗ
࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡇ࡜ࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠊ◊✲⪅ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡀࠊࡋࡗ࠿ࡾࡋࡓ◊✲ࢆࡋ࡚ࠊୡ⏺ࡢ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊ
ࢫࢱ࣮࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡅࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᡭຓࡅࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺᱁ዲ࡛ࡢ⫱࡚᪉ࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸
ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡣᏛ⾡◊✲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࡛ࡍࡀࠊࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡛ࡢ➇தⓗ࡞◊✲㈝࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᴫ⟬せồࡢㄝ᫂ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ヰࢆ⛣ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊ⥆࠸࡚ࠕඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖࢆㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠋ
㸰㸬ඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ඹྠ฼⏝ᢸᙜ୺ᖿࡢ㔝⏣ᩍᤵࡀ୙ᅾ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ⚾ࡢ᪉࠿ࡽࠊ㈨ᩱ㸯ࡢ㸰࣮࣌ࢪ┠ࡢ⾲ഃ࡟࠶ࡿࡶࡢࢆ୰ᚰ࡟⤂௓ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡢሙྜࡣᗄࡘ࠿࡟ศ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ୍ࡘࡣࠊ㸯㸧࡟࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ⏕≀ᶵ⬟ゎᯒࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢ⏕≀ᶵ⬟᝟ሗศᯒᐊ࡛㠀ᖖ࡟άⓎ࡞άືࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
 ㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ  ࣮࣌ࢪࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࡜࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ⏕≀ᶵ⬟ゎᯒࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢ୰࡟ᗄࡘ࠿ࡢ㒊⨫ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡑࡢ୰ࡢ⏕≀ᶵ⬟᝟ሗศᯒᐊ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊඛ࡯࡝㛗㇂ᕝඛ⏕ࡢヰ࡟࠶ࡗࡓḟୡ௦ࢩ࣮ࢣ
ࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ㸰ྎධࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀࢆ౑ࡗࡓඹྠ◊✲ࢆ㠀ᖖ࡟┒ࢇ࡟⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ≉௵෸ᩍᤵ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ ࣮࣌ࢪ࡟㢦෗┿ࡀ࠶ࡿ㔜ಙࡉࢇࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋᙼࡣ࢔࣐ࣜ࢟ࡢ࡜ࣂࢡࢸ

− 183 −

ࣜ࢔ᐤ⏕ࡢၥ㢟ࡢᑓ㛛ᐙ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊྠ᫬࡟࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣐ࢸ࢕ࢡࢫࡢᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊḟୡ௦ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ౑ࡗࡓࢹ࣮ࢱゎᯒࢆᑓ㛛࡜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊඹྠ◊✲࡟ຊࢆධࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣂ࢖࢜࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣐ࢸ
࢕ࢡࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿຓゝࢆࡍࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊඹྠ◊✲⪅࡛࠶ࡿ࢙࢘ࢵࢺࡢ◊✲⪅࡟ࡶศ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟᝟ሗࡢ
ᙧࢆᩚ࠼࡚ᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ࡓࡃࡉࢇࡢඹྠ◊✲ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡲࡓࠊࢤࣀ࣒࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣐ࢸ࢕ࢡࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢥ࣮ࢫࢆ㛤ദࡋࡲࡋࡓ㸦㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ  ࣮࣌ࢪ࡜  ࣮࣌ࢪ㸧ࠋḟୡ௦ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ౑࠸᪉ࡸ࣐࢖ࢡࣟ࢔ࣞ࢖ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢゎᯒ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⤫ィⓗ࡞ᢅ࠸ࡸ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣐ࢸ࢕ࢡࢫ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᢅ࠸࡟࠶ࡲࡾ័ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸◊✲⪅ࡸ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࢆ㞟ࡵࡓࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥ
ࢢࢥ࣮ࢫࢆ㛤ദࡋࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ዲホࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㸰㸧ࡢගᏛゎᯒᐊࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊ኱ᆺࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࢢࣛࣇࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ᪂ࡓ࡞࣮ࣞࢨ
࣮ඹ↔Ⅼ㢧ᚤ㙾ࢆᑟධࡋ࡚ඹྠ◊✲࡟౑ࡗࡓࡾࠊ㉥እ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ㄏᑟࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦㹇㹐㸫㹊㹃㹅㹍㸧ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣගᏛゎᯒᐊ࡟᪂ࡓ࡟᥇⏝ࡋࡓட஭≉௵෸ᩍᤵࡀ
㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀࢆ౑ࡗࡓඹྠ◊✲ࢆጞࡵࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ 㸱㸧ࡢࢹࢪࢱࣝ㉮ᰝᘧᖹ㠃↷ᑕ㢧ᚤ㙾ࡣࠊ㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ  ࣮࣌ࢪ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ㹃㹋㹀㹊㸦࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃศᏊ⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸧࡛㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊඹྠ㐃ᦠ༠ᐃ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㸰ྎ┠ࡀᇶ⏕◊࡟タ⨨ࡉࢀࠊࡑࢀࢆ㔝୰෸ᩍᤵࡀᢸᙜࡋ࡚ࡉࡽ࡟㛤Ⓨࢆ㐍ࡵࠊ᪂ࡓ࡟᫬㛫ゎീᗘࢆࡉࡽ࡟ᨵⰋࡋ
ࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ㹂㹑㹊㹋฼⏝ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡜࠸࠺ᯟ⤌ࡳࢆసࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ  ࣮࣌ࢪ࡟࠶ࡿࡼ
࠺࡟ࠊ᫖ᖺᗘࡣ㸵௳ࡢඹྠ◊✲ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ ḟࡢᅜ㝿ᐇ⩦ࢥ࣮ࢫ࡛ࡍࡀࠊඛ࡯࡝ࡢࣂ࢖࢜࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣐ࢸ࢕ࢡࢫࡢࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢥ࣮ࢫ௨እ࡟ᗄ
ࡘ࠿ࡢࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢥ࣮ࢫࢆ㛤ദࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ≉࡟ᇶ⏕◊ࡢᆅ㝵࡟ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢥ࣮ࢫࡢᐇ⩦ᐊࢆ୍᫖ᖺᩚഛࡋࠊᬑẁ౑ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸᫬ᮇ࡟ࠊᡤእࡢඛ⏕᪉࡟ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢥ࣮ࢫࡢሙᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚ᥦ౪ࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࢆጞࡵࡲࡋࡓࠋ᫖ᖺࡣி㒔኱Ꮫࡢ㜿ᙧᩍᤵࡀࠊⓎ⏕⏕≀Ꮫ఍ࡢ୍ࡘࡢάື࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࠕ෌⏕ཎ⌮ࡢ
ゎ᫂ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢࢥ࣮ࢫ࡛
 ᪥㏆ࡃ౑⏝ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓ㸦㈨ᩱ㸱ࠊ ࣮࣌ࢪ㸧ࠋ 㸳␒┠ࡣ࣓ࢲ࢝ࡢࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫ࡛ࡍࠋࢼࢩࣙࢼࣝࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡛ࡣࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡀ࣓ࢲ࢝ࡢ୰᰾⤌⧊࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊู࡟࢔ࢧ࢞࢜ࡢࢧࢸࣛ࢖ࢺᶵ㛵࡟ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࣓ࢲ࢝ࡢ᪉ࡣࠊ
ᡂ℩෸ᩍᤵࡀࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫᢸᙜࡢᩍဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㏫㑇ఏᏛⓗ࡞ᡭἲ࡟ࡼࡿࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࢽࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒
ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࠊࡑࡢඹྠ฼⏝ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡉࡽ࡟㸴␒┠ࡢ࢔ࢧ࢞࢜ࡢࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࡣࠊᫍ㔝ຓᩍࡀᢸᙜࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࠊࢼࢩࣙࢼࣝࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢯ
࣮ࢫࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⣔⤫⥔ᣢ࠾ࡼࡧ㓄ᕸ࡜ࠊ᫖ᖺ࢔ࢧ࢞࢜ࡢ◊✲఍ࢆ㛤ࡁࠊ࢔ࢧ࢞࢜ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ
ࣄࣝ࢞࢜࡜㠀ᖖ࡟㏆࠸ࢧࢶ࣐࢖ࣔ࡞࡝ࡶຍ࠼ࡓ◊✲఍ࢆ㛤ࡁࠊከᩘࡢேࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚ࡇࡢศ㔝ࡢⓎᒎ࡟ᑾࡃࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ ḟࡢ㸵␒┠ࡣࠊ᳜≀⛉Ꮫࡢ᭱ඛ➃◊✲ࡢඹྠ฼⏝࡛ࠊ㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ  ࣮࣌ࢪ࡟࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ᭱ඛ➃◊✲ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ᳜≀⛉Ꮫࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ⚟⏣ඛ⏕ࡢࡈດຊࡶ࠶ࡗ
࡚ᐇ㝿࡟࠾㔠ࡀ௜ࡃࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢάືࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ඹྠ฼⏝ࢆ‽ഛ

− 184 −

ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣすᮧᩍᤵࡀヲࡋ࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ⡆༢࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋ ࣮࣌ࢪ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊ᳜≀⛉Ꮫࡢ᭱ඛ➃◊✲ᣐⅬࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡛ࡍ
ࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡟ฟ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍ㸷ᶵ㛵ࡀ᪂ࡓ࡞᳜≀⛉Ꮫࡢ᭱ඛ➃タഛࡢ◊✲ࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆసࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ
ᇶ⏕◊࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣୗ࡟㍕ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍ୕ࡘࡢ⿦⨨ࢆᑟධࡋࠊඹྠ◊✲࡟౪ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ
⥲㢠㸰൨  ୓෇ࢆ㡬ࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ୍ࡘࡣḟୡ௦㹂㹌㸿ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࢀ
ࡀ௒ࡲ࡛㸯ྎᇶ⏕◊࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡶ࠺㸯ྎຍ࠼࡚ࠊ≉࡟ኚ␗ᰴࡢཎᅉ㑇ఏᏊࡢ㎿㏿࡞ྠᐃࡸࠊ⥙⨶ⓗ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝ➼ࡢゎᯒࢆ㐍ࡵࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ୍ࡘ࡛ࡍࠋ
 ࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡀගྜᡂࡢᶵ⬟ゎᯒ⿦⨨࡛ࠊ≉࡟⸴㢮ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞᮲௳ୗ࡛኱㔞࡟ᡂ⫱ࡉࡏࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᑟධࡋࠊࡑࡢࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࣂ࢖࢚࢜ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⏕⏘ࡸ᳜≀௦ㅰไᚚࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ◊✲࡟౪ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ ୕ࡘ┠ࡀ᳜≀⎔ቃไᚚࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࠊ᳜≀ࡢ⎔ቃࢆㄪ⠇ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ᳜≀ࢆ⏕⫱࡛ࡁࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᑟධ
ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㛗ᮇⓗ࡟ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡋ࡚㐲㝸ᆅ࠿ࡽࡶ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿᙧࡢ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㓄ಙࡍࡿタഛࢆᩚ࠼ࡓேᕤẼ㇟⿦⨨ࢆ㐀ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᖺᗘࠊ࡯ࡰ㸷᭶ࢆ┠ฎ࡟ࡇࢀࡽࡢ୕ࡘࡢඹྠ◊✲ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ❧ࡕୖࡆࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲ࡢ㸶␒┠࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㸱᭶  ᪥ࡢᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏ࡢ⿕ᐖ≧ἣࢆぢ࡚ࠊ◊✲⪅ᨭ᥼ࡢࡓࡵࡢ⥭ᛴࡢඹྠ◊✲࣭ඹྠ฼⏝ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆ❧ࡕୖࡆࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࣉࣟࢪ
࢙ࢡࢺࡣࠊᒸᓮ㸱ᶵ㛵㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊ⏕⌮Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊศᏊ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸧࡛ࡲ࡜ࡲࡗ࡚ࠊᆅ㟈ࡢ㸲᪥ᚋࡄࡽ࠸࡟❧ࡕୖࡆࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ⌧≧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡇࡢᨭ᥼ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆ❧ࡕୖࡆࡓࡽ࡝
࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺᭱ึࡢពぢࢆฟࡉࢀࡓୖ㔝ᩍᤵ࠿ࡽㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ࡇࢀࡣ㸱᭶  ᪥ࡢᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏ࢆཷࡅࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ㐌ᮎ࡟ࡣ⚾ࡢᮾ໭኱ࡢ▱ேࡢ୰࡛㟁ヰ㐃⤡ࡀྲྀࢀࡓ᪉࠿ࡽᗄࡘ࠿ࡢ᝟ሗࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠿࡞ࡾቯ⁛ⓗ࡞ᡴᧁࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ
ㄽᩥࡢࣜࣅࢪࣙࣥࡢࡓࡵࡢᐇ㦂ࡶᙜศጞࡵࡽࢀࡑ࠺ࡶ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞㠀ᖖ࡟༴ᶵⓗ࡞≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ヰࢆ⪺ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ⩣㐌ࡢ᭶᭙᪥࡟ඹྠ◊✲ࡢᢸᙜ࡛࠶ࡿ㔝⏣ඛ⏕࡟ࡈ┦ㄯࡋࠊ⚾࡝ࡶࡣ኱Ꮫ
ඹྠ฼⏝ᶵ㛵ࡢඹྠ฼⏝◊✲࡜࠸࠺௙⤌ࡳࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ᪑㈝ࢆᨭ⤥ࡋࡓࡾࠊᐟἩ᪋タࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࢆ᪤࡟⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ࡜࡟࠿ࡃᑂᰝࢆ㎿㏿໬ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ᪤Ꮡࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊ⿕⅏◊✲⪅ࢆཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡈ┦ㄯࢆࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ
 ᗄࡘ࠿ࡢᢏ⾡ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ౛࠼ࡤ㹂㹌㸿ࡢ⤌ࡳ᥮࠼ᐇ㦂ࡸື≀ᐇ㦂ࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㎿㏿࡟ᑂ
ᰝࢆࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᪂ࡓ࡞ᐇ㦂ィ⏬ࢆసࡾࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࡇࢀࡣᶵᵓ㛗ᢎㄆࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡾࠊᑂᰝ࡟
᫬㛫ࡀ࠿࠿ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀࢆྛ◊✲ᐊࡢᐇ㦂ィ⏬࡟ࡑࡢ⿕⅏◊✲⪅ࡢィ⏬ࢆຍ࠼ࡿ࡜
࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ᐇ᪋࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ឤゐࢆᚓࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ᫬Ⅼ࡛ᡤ㛗࡜ࡈ┦ㄯࡋ࡚ヰࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡇࡢ㐣⛬ࡣࠊࡲࡉ࡟⚾࡝ࡶࡢ኱Ꮫඹྠ฼⏝ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࠊ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ࠸ࢃࡤࣞࢰࣥࢹ࣮

− 185 −

ࢺࣝࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ⿕⅏◊✲⪅ࡣࠊᜍࡽࡃ⿕⅏ࡋࡓ┤ᚋࡣఱࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡞࠸≧ἣࡔࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ⚾࡝ࡶࡣࠕࡇ࠺࠸࠺࢜ࣉࢩࣙࣥࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔࡅࡣᥦ౪
ࡋࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿ‽ഛࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ࠸ࡕ᪩ࡃ࠾▱ࡽࡏࡍࡿࡢࡀ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸
࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊጞࡲࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊᇶ⏕◊࠿ࡽⓎಙࡋࡓࡇࡢືࡁࡀࠊ㸱◊✲ᡤࡢඹྠࡢ
ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡜࡞ࡾࠊ௒⌧ᅾ࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ
 ࡑࢀ࡛㈨ᩱ㸴ࢆࡈぴ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀࡀ௒⌧ᅾࠊᒸᓮࡢ㸱◊✲ᡤ࡛ࡢཷࡅධࢀ≧ἣ࡛ࡍࠋຍ࠼࡚ࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࡢ࣓ࢲ࢝࡞࡝㔜せ࡞⣔⤫ࢆ୍᫬ⓗ࡟㑊㞴ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊཷࡅධࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶྠ
᫬࡟⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ  ࣮࣌ࢪࡣࡑࡢ௙⤌ࡳ࡛ࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚◊✲ࡢሙࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࠋᩘ᪥࠿ࡽᩘ㐌㛫ࡢ⁫ᅾࡢ᪑㈝࡜⁫ᅾ㈝ࢆᨭ⤥ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣ௒ࠊඹྠ◊✲࣭ඹྠ฼⏝ࡢ᥎㐍࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ㄝ᫂ࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ
ࡇࢀ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡈ㉁ၥࡸࡈពぢࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡽ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ࡲࡎࠊ௒࠾ヰࡋ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏ࡢ◊✲⪅ᨭ᥼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᮏᙜ࡟ᇶ⏕◊ࡀ➨୍␒࡟ኌࢆୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࠊࡑࢀ࡟⥆࠸࡚࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞⏦ࡋฟࡀࡔࢇࡔࢇฟ࡚ࡁ
ࡓ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋᮏᙜ࡟ࡇࢀࡣឤㅰࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋᮏᙜ࡟Ⰻࡃࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ศᏊ⏕≀Ꮫ఍ࡶ❆ཱྀ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࡶࡢࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ࡝ࡢࡄࡽ࠸ᐇຠࡀୖࡀࡗࡓࡢ࠿
ࡣᐇࡣศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ௒ᅇࡢ㈨ᩱࢆぢࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࠊᇶ⏕◊࡟ࡣࡇࢀࡔࡅࡢ᪉
ࡀ᮶࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔ࡞࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗ࡚ࠊ࡯ࡗ࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ࡯࠿࡟ࡶ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞኱Ꮫ࡛࡝ࡢ
ࡄࡽ࠸ཷࡅධࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀศ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせࡔ࡞࡜௒ᛮ
ࡗࡓḟ➨࡛ࡍࠋ
 ୍␒ึࡵ࡟ゝࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊඹྠ◊✲࣭ඹྠ฼⏝࡟ᑐࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࢤࣀ࣒㛵ಀࡢᨭ᥼ࡸᢏ⾡ゎᯒࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࠊࡲࡓࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀ࢆ౑ࡗࡓࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆ஧ࡘࡢࢭࣥࢱ࣮
࡟ࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸࢔
࢖ࢹ࢔࡛ࠊ◊✲㒊㛛ࣉࣛࢫ஧ࡘ
ࡢࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡟ࡇࡢ◊✲ᡤࡀ࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸ᙧ
࡛ᮏᙜ࡟࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁጼࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲ
ࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤⓙࡉࢇࡀ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࣛ࢖ࣈ࣮ࣛࣜࢆࠊF'1$ ࡢⓎ⌧ࡢࢺࣛࣥࢫࢡࣜࣉࢺ࣮࣒ゎᯒ࡟㝿ࡋ࡚ࠊࡲࡓࡉࡽ࡟ቑࡸࡍ࠿࡝
࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊఱ

− 186 −

࠿࣏ࣜࢩ࣮ࢆᣢࡗࡓேࡀ࠸࡚ࠊࡑࢀࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟฼⏝ࡍࡿ࠿ࡀỴࡲࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡑࢀࡣࡸࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊせࡍࡿ࡟ࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࢺࣛࣥࢫࢡࣜࣉࢺ࣮࣒ࡣఱࡀぢࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚඲㒊㐪࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࠊ
୍ࡘ➽ࡀ㏻ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜ࠊ⤖ᒁࡣࣂࣛࣂ࡛ࣛࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࡣ౑࠸≀࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊㄡ࠿ࡀࡇ
ࢀࢆពᅗⓗ࡟౑࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ࡋࡓពᅗࢆᣢࡗࡓᒎ㛤࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾࡇࡢ◊✲ᡤ࡛ࡇࡑ࠶
ࡾᚓࡿࡢ࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒ࡢ⏕≀ᶵ⬟ゎᯒࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡣࠊ᫖ᖺ㸲᭶࡟㐠⏝ࢆ㛤ጞࡋ࡚ࠊேࢆ㞠⏝ࡋ࡚ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ᑐᛂ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡲࡋ
ࡓࠋࡑࢀࡲ࡛ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ᪋タࡀࠊᚲࡎࡋࡶ඲࡚ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮࡟ྥ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ
࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛஧ࡘࡢࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࢆࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮࡟ྥࡅ࡚࣮࢜ࣉࣥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂☜࡟ࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠊᇶ⏕◊࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟኱ࡁࡃ࠿ࡌࢆྲྀࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡑࢀ࡜ࡶ࠺㸯Ⅼࡣࠊඹྠ◊✲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ  ࣮࣌ࢪ࡟ฟ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀࡀᐇ᪋ࡢ௳ᩘ
࡛ࠊඛ࡯࡝ࡈㄝ᫂࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㹂㹑㹊㹋ࡢඹྠ฼⏝◊✲࡜ḟୡ௦㹂㹌㸿ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ
ඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࢆ  ᖺᗘ㸦᫖ᖺᗘ㸧࠿ࡽ㛤ጞࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡽ௨እࡢඹྠ฼⏝ࡢ௳ᩘࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ኚ
ࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ᪂ࡓ࡟ጞࡵࡓ㹂㹑㹊㹋࡜ḟୡ௦㹂㹌㸿ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ࡢඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࡣ࠿࡞ࡾዲホ࡛ࠊᩘከࡃࡢ⏦ㄳࡀฟ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᐇ㝿࡟ඹྠ◊✲ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢ㹂㹑㹊㹋࠾ࡼࡧḟୡ௦㹂㹌㸿ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ࡣࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡀ࠿࡞ࡾຊࢆධࢀ࡚ᩚഛࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ඹྠ฼⏝࡟ࡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺࡜࠸࠺
᪉ྥ࡛㐍ࡵ࡚ࡁࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ᪩ࡃࡑࢀࡽࡢタഛࢆࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮࡟㛤ᨺࡋࠊ฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࡜࠸࠺᪉ྥ࡛ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ඹྠ฼⏝◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ඹྠ฼⏝࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ࡯࠿࡟ࡈពぢࢆ࡝࠺ࡒ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ㸦ぢᏛ㸧 㹂㹑㹊㹋࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ㸵௳࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊᡤእ࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊᇶ⏕◊ෆ࡛ࡢඹྠ◊✲ࡣᗄࡘࡄࡽ࠸࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ
㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ṇ☜࡞௳ᩘࡣศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ౛࠼ࡤ⚾࡝ࡶࡣᖖ᫬㹂㹑㹊㹋ࢆ౑⏝ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸
࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊᡤෆ࡛ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶᩘ௳ࡣࠊඹྠ◊✲ࢆࠊᐃᖖⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦ぢᏛ㸧 ࡇ࠺࠸࠺᪂ୡ௦ࡢ㢧ᚤ㙾ࡸࣂ࢖࢜ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࡣࠊ౛࠼ࡤ 6WHIDQ+HOO ࡢ◊✲ᐊࡸᐑ⬥ඛ⏕ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㛤Ⓨ⪅ࡀ⋡ඛࡋ࡚ࡑࢀࢆ౑ࡗࡓඛ㥑ⓗ࡞◊✲ࢆ࡝ࢇ࡝ࢇⓎ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ
◊✲ศ㔝ࢆ࣮ࣜࢻࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡢࡀࠊඹྠ◊✲ࢆ᥎㐍ࡍࡿୖ࡛㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡞࡜ࠋ⏕ពẼ࡞ゝ࠸᪉࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ୰ᚰ◊✲⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㔝୰ඛ⏕ࡀ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㔝୰ඛ⏕ࡶ௒ࠊ࣐࢘ࢫࡢึᮇ
⬇࡛ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟㠃ⓑ࠸࢚ࣆࣈࣛࢫࢺࡢ࢚࣮ࣞ࣋ࢱ࣮㐠ືࢆぢࡘࡅ࡚ࠊㄽᩥ‽ഛ୰࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺

− 187 −

ㄽᩥࡀୡ࡟ฟࡓࡽࠊࡲࡍࡲࡍㄆ▱ᗘࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᮇᚅࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢඹྠ◊✲࡛ࡍࡀࠊᙜึࠊ౛࠼ࡤᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡢ㹂㹑㹊㹋࡜ḟୡ௦㹂㹌㸿ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᡤእࡢ᪉࠿ࡽࡣබເࡋࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊᡤෆࡢேࡣ࠶ࡿព࿡࡛᮲௳Ỵࡵࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛
౑ࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽࡣࠊḟୡ௦㹂㹌㸿ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ඹྠ฼⏝◊✲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᡤෆࡢேࡶ⏦ㄳ᭩ࢆฟࡋ࡚ࠊᑂᰝጤဨ఍ࢆ⤒࡚ᢎㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠿ࡽ౑⏝ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ
࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ ᖺᗘࡣ⏦ㄳ௳ᩘࡀ࠿࡞ࡾከࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋጤဨࢆࡋ࡚࠸
ࡓ⚟⏣ࡉࢇࠊ࠸࠿ࡀ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ኱ኚࡔࡗࡓ㸦➗㸧ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊබᖹ࡞ᙧ࡛࣮࢜ࣉࣥ࡟
ࡋ࡚ඹྠ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚ࡁ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ࡟᭩࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊึࡵࡢࡇࢁ࡟൅⮬㌟ࡀᑂᰝࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ
◊✲ᡤฟ㌟ࡢேࡀ࡝ࡇ࠿࡟ᑵ⫋ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢேࡀࡇࡇ࡟ᡠࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ௙஦ࢆࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊࡇࡢ
ඹྠ◊✲ࢆ⏦ㄳࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࠊࡑࢀ࡛᪑㈝ࡀฟ࡚ࠊ⁫ᅾ㈝ࡀฟ࡚࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊఱ࠿ࡇࢀࡣኚ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿
࡜ಶேⓗ࡟ࡣᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࡼࡃ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࡛ࡶࡑࢀࡣ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢ࠾㔠࡛ࡸࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠊබࡢ࠾㔠ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࡸࡽ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀᑡࡋࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
 ᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸࡜ࡁࡣࠊ௳ᩘࢆከࡃࡋࡓ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸ࡋࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞᱁ዲ࡛↓⌮ࢆࡋ࡚࡛ࡶࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ே
࡟ඹྠ◊✲ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ㠃ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ௳ᩘࡀከࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ
ࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾ㠀ᖖ࡟ࣇ࢙࢔࡟ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព㆑ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡶࠊ⮬ศࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࢆฟࡓேࡀ
ᡠࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣࠊ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢ⛉◊㈝ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࡸࡿࡼ࠺࡞᱁ዲ࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊᮏᙜ࡟඲ࡃ㐪࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡸ
ࡿሙྜ࡟ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡟⏦ㄳࡍࡿࠋฟࡓேࡀࡸࡗ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣỴࡋ࡚࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊ
ࡸࡣࡾ㐪࠺௙஦ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡟⪃࠼ࡓ௙஦ࢆࡇࡇ࡛ࡸࡿࡼ࠺࡞᱁ዲࡢࡶࡢࢆඃඛࡋ࡚ࠊᑂᰝࡢᑐ㇟࡟ࡍࡿ
᪉ࡀࠊఱ࠿ࣇ࢙࢔࡞ឤࡌ࡟࡞ࡿ࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡔࢇࡔࢇ௳ᩘࡀቑ࠼࡚ࡁࡓ࡜ࡁ
࡟ࡣࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࡿ࡜࠸࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋඹྠ◊✲ᢸᙜ୺ᖿ࡟ఏ࠼࡚࠾ࡁࡲࡍࠋ㛗㇂ᕝඛ⏕ࡣࡇ࠺࠸࠺ඹྠ฼⏝ࠊ⼥ྜ◊✲࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࡣ⥲◊኱ࡢ᪉࡛࠿࡞ࡾࡈⱞປࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ࡝࠺࠾
⪃࠼࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡣ࠺ࡕࡶ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁⱞປࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ⚾ࡶ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡋࡓ࠿ࠊ኱ᆺࢫ࣌ࢡ
ࢺࣟࢢࣛࣇඹྠ฼⏝ࡢᑂᰝጤဨࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ࡜ࡁࡶࠊྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀ୍ᗘᣲࡀ
ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ᫇ࡇࡇ࡟࠸࡚እ࡟ฟ࡚࠸ࡗࡓேࡀࠊඹྠ฼⏝࡛ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆ⥆ࡅࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࢣ࣮ࢫࡢ᪉ࡀࠊ

− 188 −

඲ࡃ᪂ࡓ࡟ඹྠ฼⏝࡛⏦ࡋ㎸ࢇ࡛ࡃࡿேࡓࡕࡼࡾࡶࡍࡈࡃከ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀࠊࡸࡣࡾᮏᙜࡢព࿡
࡛ࡢඹྠ฼⏝ࢆࡶࡗ࡜ಁࡍࡓࡵࡢ᪉⟇ࡀᚲせ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࠊ୍ᗘࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡶᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ
ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ᫇ࡇࡇ࡟࠸ࡓேࡀእ࡟⾜ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡆ࡚ࡣ
࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡸࡣࡾ⣧⢋࡟᪂ࡓ࡟⤌ࡳࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ேࢆࠊ࡝࠺ࡸࡗ࡚
ቑࡸࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࡡࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ ᆏ㔝ඛ⏕ࡣࠊ࣐࢘ࢫ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡈⱞປࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊఱ࠿ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ࡸࡣࡾ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ᐇ㦂ࡍࡿሙྜࠊಶேࡢ⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝࡛ࢸ࢖ࢡࢣ࢔࡛ࡁࡿ㒊ศ࡜ࠊࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸㒊ศࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
 ౛࠼ࡤ࣐࢘ࢫࡢ㣫⫱᪋タࢆ⮬ศ࡛ᘓ࡚ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ↓⌮࡛ࡍࡋࠊ஧ගᏊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㢧ᚤ㙾ࢆಶேࡢ◊✲㈝࡛㈙࠺࡜࡞ࡾࡲࡍ࡜ࠊࡸࡣࡾ㸰൨෇㏆࠸࠾㔠ࡀ࠿࠿ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡑࢀ࡛௒ࡢ㆟ㄽ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ≉࡟⌮Ꮫ⣔ࡢேࡓࡕ࡛ࠊ࿘ࡾ࡟࣐࢘ࢫࢆᢅ࠺◊✲⪅ࡀ࠸࡞࠸ሙྜࠊ⚾࡞࡝ࡼࡾࡶࡗ࡜ⱝ࠸ே㐩ࠊ౛࠼ࡤ⚾ࡢ◊✲ᐊࡢᏛ⏕ࡉࢇࡀ⊂❧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡞᫬࡟ࠊ࡝࠺ࡸࡗ࡚ࡇࢀ㎾ࡢ
௙஦ࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࠿ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝୙ྍ⬟࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ
 ࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ≉࡟⌮Ꮫ㒊࡛ࠊⱝᡭࡢேࡓࡕࡢ࣐࢘ࢫ◊✲ࢆ࡝࠺ࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜
ࡣࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟῝้࡞ၥ㢟࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊᇶ⏕◊࡛ࡶ࠸࠸࡛ࡍࡋࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣᒸᓮࡢ㸱◊✲ᡤ࡜࠸࠺ࡃࡃࡾ࡛ࡶ࠸࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࣔࣥࢸࣟࢺࣥࢻࡢ◊✲ᡤࡢᵝ࡞ࠊ࣐࢘ࢫᐇ㦂ࡢⅭࡢඹྠ฼⏝᪋タࢆ❧ࡕୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࡟㈨ࡍࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ື≀ࡢ᪉ࡣࠊ㧗⏣ඛ⏕ࠊ࡝࠺࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ
㸦㧗⏣㸧 ࡍࡄ࡟ᐇ⾜ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊ㞴ࡋ࠸ၥ㢟ࡀࡓࡃࡉࢇ࠶ࡿ࠿࡜ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡓࡔࠊ⌮Ꮫ㒊ࡢ⏕≀Ꮫศ㔝࡟㛵ಀࡍࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡇࢀࡔࡅ኱ࡁ࡞࣐࢘ࢫࡢࣇ࢓ࢩࣜࢸ࢕࣮ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾ࡯࡜ࢇ
࡝࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊ࡛ࡁࡿ㝈ࡾᇶ⏕◊࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ཷࡅධࢀ
࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ࢟ࣕࣃࢩࢸ࢕࣮ࡢၥ㢟➼ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀ࠿
ࡽ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ඹྠ฼⏝࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ࡝࠺࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ࡯࠿࡟ఱ࠿ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࡽ࠸࠸
࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࠋ
 ࠿࡞ࡾࡇࡢ◊✲ᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ  ࣮࣌ࢪࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࡜ศ࠿ࡾࡲࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࡢ௙⤌ࡳࢆࡇࡇ㸳ᖺ㛫ࡄࡽ࠸ࡢ㛫࡟࠿࡞ࡾ኱ࡁࡃኚ࠼࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢࠕ㔜Ⅼඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࠖࡣᖺ㛫  ୓෇ࢆ⿵ຓࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࡟ጞࡵ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡋࠊࡶࡗ࡜≉Ṧ໬ࡋࡓࠕࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀࣭ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࠖࡀᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࡟㛤ጞࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡲ࡛࡟࠶ࡗ

− 189 −

ࡓࠕಶูඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࠖࠕ◊✲఍ࠖࠕ኱ᆺࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣟࢢࣛࣇඹྠ฼⏝ᐇ㦂ࠖࡣࡑࡢࡲࡲࡢᙧ࡛ࠊ࡯࡜
ࢇ࡝ྠࡌࡄࡽ࠸ࡢᩘࡢᐇ᪋௳ᩘ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ᭦࡟᫖ᖺ࠿ࡽ㹂㹑㹊㹋ࠊḟୡ௦㹂㹌㸿ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡟ᚲせ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞ࢸࢡ
ࢽࢵࢡࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࡓඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࢆ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ᪩ࡃ᥎㐍ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ヨࡳࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡲࡔࡶ
࠺୍ࡘࠊඛ࡯࡝࠿ࡽᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡲࡔ▱ྡᗘࡀ㊊ࡾ࡞࠸ࡏ࠸࠿ࠊ⏦ㄳㄢ㢟ࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝᥇
ᢥࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺≧ἣ࡛ࡍࠋᐇ㝿࡟ࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮࡟ࡋࡓࡾࠊ
࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡜▱ྡᗘࢆୖࡆࡿᕤኵࡣࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡲࡔࡲࡔ༑ศ࡛࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊఱ࠿࠸࠸࢔
࢖ࢹ࢔ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡽ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ከศࠊ௒ᗘࡢḟୡ௦ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ࡸ᪂ࡋ࠸㢧ᚤ㙾࡞࡝࡛ㄆ▱ᗘࡣୖࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊከศࡇࢀ࠿ࡽቑ࠼࡚ࡃࡿ᪉ྥ࡟⾜ࡃࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 㸯Ⅼࡔࡅࠊᅜෆࡣከศࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ࡟ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺᱁ዲ࡛ㄆ▱ᗘࡀ࡝ࢇ࡝ࢇୖࡀࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍ
ࡀࠊᅜእࢆ࡝࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࠿ࡣࠊ୍ࡘࡢ௒ᚋࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ㄢ㢟ࡔ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡸࡣࡾᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞◊✲ᡤ࡜࠸࠺఩⨨௜ࡅࡀ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶᚲせ࡞ࡢࡔ࡜൅ࡣᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࡇࡢᶵᲔࡣᇶ⏕◊࡟᮶࡞࠸࡜ࠊୡ⏺୰࡛ࡇࡇࡋ࠿౑࠼࡞࠸ࡼ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡜࡞࠸ࡢ࡜ࡔ࠸ࡪ㐪࠺ࡼ࠺࡞Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࠋ᫇
ࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣟࢢࣛࣇࡣࡇࡇࡋ࠿࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡋࡓࡼࡡࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣟࢢࣛࣇࡣᐇ㝿࡟ᖺ࡟㸯㹼㸰௳ࡎࡘࡣእᅜࡢ◊✲⪅ࡀࡸࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺≧ἣ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ᭱㏆ࡣᑡࡋࡑࢀࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡔ࠿ࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡓࡄ࠸ࡢఱ࠿ࡀࡸࡣࡾᚲせ࡞ࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺
࠸࠺ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ㄆ▱ᗘࢆୖࡆࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡶࠊࡶ࠺㸯Ⅼఱ࠿࠶ࡗࡓ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡜ࠋලయⓗ࡟ఱࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜
࠿࡞࠸࡜࠿ࡣࠊࡕࡻࡗ࡜⚾࡟ࡣศ࠿ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ඹྠ฼⏝࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ど㔝ࡶࠊ௒ᚋᑡࡋ⪃࠼࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡜࠸࠸ࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ࠋ☜࠿࡟㹂㹑㹊㹋࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶḟୡ௦ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ࡸ࡯࠿ࡢࡶࡢ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊࡍ࡭
࡚ⱥᩥࡢ⏦ㄳ᭩ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࡡࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊ௒ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽࡶ࠺ᑡࡋᗈሗࢆࡋ࡚ࠊ࣮࣒࣍
࣮࣌ࢪࡶⱥᩥࡢࡶࡢࢆࡁࡕࢇ࡜ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ከศḟୡ௦ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮࡞࡝ࡣ࡝ࡇ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡁࡗ࡜ࡑࢇ࡞ࡶࡢࡣせࡽ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸
ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢ '6/0 ࡢ᪉ࡣࡶࡋ࠿ࡍࡿ࡜ୡ⏺࡛㸰ྎ┠࡜࡞ࡿ࡜ࠊୡ⏺ⓗ࡟ࡳࢇ࡞⯆࿡ࢆᣢࡘ࠿
ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࡶࡋ࠿ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠸ࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋఱ࠿ࡸࡣࡾࡇࡇ࡟ࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡀ࠶
ࡿ࡜࠸࠸࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࢔࢖ࢹ࢔ࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ
ࡲࡓࡑࢀ࡟ἢࡗ࡚ࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲ࢆᙉ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺᪉ྥ࡛ດຊࡋ࡚ཧࡾࡲࡍࠋ

− 190 − ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊḟࡢㄢ㢟࡟⛣ࡽࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋࠕᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ࡜ᗈሗάືࡢᒎ㛤ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠊ
ࡇࢀࡣ㛗㇂㒊ࡉࢇ࠿ࡽ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
㸱㸬ᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ࡜ᗈሗάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ㈨ᩱ㸯ࡢ㸲࣮࣌ࢪ┠ࠕᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ࡜ᗈሗάືࡢᒎ㛤ࠖ࡜ࠊ㈨ᩱ㸱ࡢ  ࣮࣌ࢪࢆࡈぴࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠋ ᅜ㝿㐃ᦠάືࡣࠊᅜ㝿㐃ᦠᐊ㐠Ⴀጤဨ఍ࡢጤဨࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀศᢸࡋ࡚ࠊྛᅜྛ◊✲ᶵ㛵࡜ࡢᅜ㝿㐃ᦠࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᭱ึࡣ㹃㹋㹀㹊࡜ࡢᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲࡛ࡍࡀࠊඛ࡯࡝᮶⤂௓ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓ㹂㹑㹊㹋ࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㢧ᚤ㙾ࠊࣂ࢖࢜࢖࣓࣮ࢪࣥࢢࡢඹྠ◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᫖ᖺᗘࡣ㹃㹋㹀㹊࡜ࡢྜྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆࠊ᭱ඛ➃㢧ᚤ㙾ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⏬ീྲྀᚓࠊ⏬ീฎ⌮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᩘ⌮ⓗ࡞ゎᯒࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺
࡟⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿ࠊࡑࡢᐃ㔞ゎᯒࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿ࢆ࣓࣮ࣥࢺࣆࢵࢡࢫ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊୖ㔝ඛ⏕࡜⸨᳃ඛ⏕ࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚௻⏬ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸱᭶࡟ணᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㟈⅏ࡢ㛵ಀ࡛⌧ᅾᘏᮇࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ 㸰␒┠ࡀࣉࣜࣥࢫࢺࣥ኱Ꮫ࡜ࡢᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣ᫖ᖺᗘࠊ㐃ᦠ༠ᐃࢆ⥾⤖ࡋࠊྜྷ⏣ඛ⏕ࠊ㔜ಙඛ⏕ࡀ᫖ᖺᗘࣉࣜࣥࢫࢺࣥ኱Ꮫࢆゼၥࡋࠊ௒ᚋࡢ㐃ᦠࡢ᪉ྥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᖺᗘ᪩ࠎࠊ
㸴᭶ࡄࡽ࠸ࢆࡵ࡝࡟ࠊࣂ࢖࢜࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣐ࢸ࢕ࢡࢫࡸࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁⛉Ꮫࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࠊ௒ᚋࡢ㐃ᦠ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᶍ⣴ࡍࡿணᐃࡔࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㟈⅏ࡢ㛵ಀ࡛᫬ᮇࢆᘏᮇ
ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ 㸱␒┠ࡀࢣࣝࣥࡢ࣐ࢵࢡࢫࣉࣛࣥࢡ᳜≀⫱✀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡜ࡢᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣ➨㸯ᅇࢆࢣࣝࣥࡢ࣐ࢵࢡࢫࣉࣛࣥࢡ᳜≀⫱✀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ୍࡛᫖ᖺࠊ⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ᫖ᖺᗘࡣᒸᓮࡢᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡛➨㸰ᅇࡢྜྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᅜ㝿㐃ᦠࢆࡼࡾ㐍ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ࣐ࢵ
ࢡࢫࣉࣛࣥࢡ◊✲ᡤ࡜ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊᚋ࡛ࡈㄝ᫂ࡋࡲࡍࡀࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝࡢࢸ࣐ࢭࢡ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡜ࠊ≉ᐃ㡿ᇦࡢ⏫⏣ඛ⏕ࡀ௦⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠕ᳜≀࣓ࣜࢫࢸ࣒࡜ჾᐁࡢⓎ⏕ࢆᨭ࠼ࡿ᝟
ሗไᚚ⣔ࠖࡢᅄࡘࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀྜྠ࡛ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ㛤࠸࡚ࠊ᳜≀⛉Ꮫࡢ࠶ࡿព࿡࡛ࡢᣐⅬᙧᡂ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ᳜≀⛉Ꮫࡣ⌧ᅾ࡝࠺࠸࠺ၥ㢟Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ 㸲␒┠ࡀࢸ࣐ࢭࢡ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸦㹒㹊㹊㸧࡜ࡢᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣ᫖ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ㛤ጞࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋඛ࡯࡝ࡢ࣐ࢵࢡࢫࣉࣛࣥࢡࡣᕝཱྀඛ⏕ࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㹒㹊㹊ࡣୖ㔝ඛ⏕ࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㹒㹊㹊ࡣつᶍࡶᇶ⏕◊ࡼࡾࡣ኱ࡁ࠸࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀ࡯࡝኱ࡁࡃ࡞࠸◊✲ᡤ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ௒ᚋࠊᏛ⾡஺ὶ༠ᐃ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᏛ⏕ࡶྵࡵࡓேᮦ஺ὶ࡞࡝ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ
᫖ᖺᗘࡢ㸶᭶࡟Ꮫ⾡஺ὶ༠ᐃࢆ⥾⤖ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ 㸳࣮࣌ࢪ┠࡟ධࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊඛ࡯࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࣐ࢵࢡࢫࣉࣛࣥࢡ࡜ࡢྜྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࡛࢘ࡣࠊ㹒㹊㹊࠿ࡽఱྡ࠿ࡢ᪉ࠎࡀཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㧗⏣ඛ⏕࡜⏣୰ᐇඛ⏕ࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࢮࣈࣛ
ࣇ࢕ࢵࢩࣗࡸ࣓ࢲ࢝ࢆ౑ࡗࡓᑠᆺ㨶㢮ࡢᅜ㝿ࣉࣛࢡࢸ࢕࢝ࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࢆࠊࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ኱Ꮫࠊ㹒㹊㹊ࠊ− 191 −

࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㹇㹋㹁㹀㸦,QVWLWXWHRI0ROHFXODUDQG&HOO%LRORJ\㸧࡜ࡢඹྠ࡛௒ᖺᗘࠊ㛤ദࡍࡿணᐃ
࡛⌧ᅾࠊ‽ഛࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ḟࡀ㹌㹇㹀㹀ࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࡣఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢᅜ㝿ࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫ࡛ࠊ᫖ᖺᗘࡣ㏥ᐁࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓᇼෆඛ⏕ࡀࡈᢸᙜࡉࢀࠊ͆7KH'\QDPLF*HQRPH͇࡜࠸࠺ࢱ࢖ࢺ࡛ࣝࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࢆ㛤ദࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ㹌㹇㹀㹀ࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࡣࠊᚋ࡛ฟ࡚ࡁࡲࡍ㹍㹀㹁࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࢥࣥ࢝ࣞࣥࢺ࡞ෆᐜࢆ
ྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࠊ㹍㹀㹁ࡣࠊࡼࡾࢳࣕࣞࣥࢪࣥࢢ࡞ෆᐜ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛༊ูࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡢᢸᙜࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᪉࠿ࡽᑡࡋㄝ᫂ࡉ
ࢀࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ࡛ࡣࠊୖ㔝ඛ⏕࠿ࡽࠋ㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ⚾ࡣ㹃㹋㹀㹊࡜ᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲ࢆጞࡵࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ᭱ึࡢᢸᙜ⪅࡛ࠊ௒ࡣ⸨᳃ඛ⏕࡟ᢸᙜࢆ࠾
㢪࠸ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ㹃㹋㹀㹊࡜ࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡶ  ᅇ┠࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ㸱᭶࡟㛤ദࢆணᐃࡋ࡚࠸
ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊඛ࡯࡝࠾ヰ࡟࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ୰Ṇ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚㠀ᖖ࡟ṧᛕ࡛ࡍࠋ
 㹃㹋㹀㹊࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࡢ᪉ࡶࠊྜྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ⾜࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࠿ࡽḟࡢẁ㝵࡬࡜ࠊᐇ㉁ⓗ࡞ඹྠ◊✲ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࠊḟࡢࢫࢸࢵࣉ࡬⛣⾜ࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁᶍ⣴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛
ࡍࠋ࠾஫࠸ࡢ⯆࿡ࡢ㏆࠸◊✲⪅ࡣ࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿ḟࡢẁ㝵࡟⛣⾜ࡋ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࠊ
ᑡࡋ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ⪃࠼࠶ࡄࡡ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ
 ୍᪉ࠊᏛ⏕ࡢ஺᥮࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㹃㹋㹀㹊ഃࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡛ࠊ㸰ᖺ࡟㸯ᅇࠊ⚾࡝ࡶࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣඛᅇࡣྡྂᒇ኱ᏛࡢᏛ⏕ࡉࢇࡶྵࡵ࡚༑ᩘྡࠊ㹃㹋㹀㹊ࡢ㹎㹦㹂ࡢᏛ⏕ࡀ㛤ദࡍࡿࠕ㹎㹦㹂ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࠖ࡟⚾࡝ࡶࡢᏛ⏕ࢆཷࡅධࢀ࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ࣮࢜ࣛࣝࣉࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᶵ
఍ࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࡢᏛ⏕ࡀ௻⏬ࡍࡿࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡟ཧຍࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲ
ࡍࠋᩘ᪥㛫ࡢ⁫ᅾ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ከࡃࡢ่⃭ࢆཷࡅࡓࡼ࠺࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡇࡢᇶ⏕◊ࢆἲே໬௨᮶ࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢᙧᡂ࡜࠸࠺
ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㹃㹋㹀㹊ࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ࣐ࢵࢡࢫࣉࣛࣥࢡࠊࣉࣜࣥࢫࢺࣥࠊ㹒㹊㹊࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ࠊᅜ
㝿㐃ᦠࢆ⥾⤖ࡋࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆసࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚㐍ࡵ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸
ࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺άື࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡈពぢࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ࡑࢀ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ
ࠕࡑࡢ௚ᅜ㝿㐃ᦠάືࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᇶ⏕◊ࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊ⏕≀Ꮫศ㔝ࡢᾏእࡢ᪥ᮏே◊✲⪅ࢆࡘ࡞ࡄࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᵓ⠏ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓ㆟ㄽࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡼࡃࡈᏑࡌࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏேࡢ࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡶᾏእ࡟ࡣࡓࡃࡉࢇ࠸ࡲࡍࡋࠊྥࡇ࠺࡛㹎㹇࡜ࡋ࡚ࡸࡗ
࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ࡶࡓࡃࡉࢇ࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ≉࡟⚾ࡢ▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿⱝᡭࡢேࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊྥࡇ࠺࡛㹎㹇࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜
ࡁ࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡜ࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࢆࡕࡷࢇ࡜ᣢࡗ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡀ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊእᅜ࡛ࡋ
ࡗ࠿ࡾ⮬ಙࢆᣢࡗ࡚௙஦ࢆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿୖ࡛ࡢࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠋ ᪥ᮏே◊✲⪅ࡢ㛫ࡢࠊ≉࡟㹎㹇ࡢேࡓࡕࡢ㛫ࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᏛ఍ࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࡶࡢࡸࠊ

− 192 −

⮬ศࡢฟ㌟ࡢ኱Ꮫ࡞࡝ಶேⓗ࡞ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡣ࠶ࡿࡢࡔࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡢᑡࡋศ㔝ࡀ␗࡞ࡿே
ࢆࡘ࡞ࡄࡶࡢࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊᾏእࡢྠࡌ኱Ꮫ࡟࠸࡚ࡶࠊ㞄ࡢᘓ≀࡟࡝࠺࠸࠺᪥ᮏேࡀ࠸࡚ࠊ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡇ
࡜ࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶᐇࡣศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ◊✲ศ㔝ࢆᗈࡆࡿሙྜࡸᑡࡋ㞳ࢀࡓศ㔝࠿ࡽᏛ⏕ࡸ࣏ࢫࢺࢻ
ࢡࢆྲྀࡾࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ሙྜ࡟ࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࡼ࠸ࡢࡔࡀࠊ㐺ᙜ࡞ࡶࡢࡀ࡞࠸࡜࠸
࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪺࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 㹈㹑㹎㹑ࡸ㹈㹑㹒࡞࡝࡛ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ㈨㔠ࢆᥦ౪ࡋࡓ◊✲⪅ࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡣ࠶ࡿࡢࡔࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ
ࡑࢀ௨እࡢேࢆྵࡴࡶࡢࡣ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋᇶ⏕◊ࡀࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢࣁࣈ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚
ࡶ࠸࠸ࡋࠊ࡝ࡇ࠿ࡢᏛ఍ࡀࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚ࡶ࠸࠸ࡢࡔࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊᮏᙜ࡟ᚲせ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠊ㆟ㄽࢆጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋఱ࠿ࡑࡢ㎶ࡢࡈពぢࡣ࠸࠿ࡀ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⌧ᡤ㛗ࡀᑵ௵௨᮶ࠊດຊࡉࢀ࡚ࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞ᙧࡢ㐃ᦠ࡟࡞ࡿࡼ
࠺࡟௒㏆࡙ࡁࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ඛ࡯࡝࠿ࡽࡢୖ㔝ࡉࢇࡢ࠾ヰࡢ࡜࠾ࡾࠊ༢࡞ࡿࡑ࠺࠸࠺㐃ᦠ࠿ࡽࠊࡶ࠺୍ẁୖࡢ㐃ᦠ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᗄࡘ࠿㆟ㄽ࡟ᕪࡋ᥃࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ
࡜࠸࠺≧ἣ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊఱ࠿࢔ࢻࣂ࢖ࢫࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡅࡲࡋࡓࡽ࠶ࡾࡀࡓ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࢔ࢻࣂ࢖ࢫ࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊࡇࡢᚋ࡝࠺ࡍࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀẼ࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋせࡍࡿ࡟ࠊ᭱
ึᡭᙜࡓࡾḟ➨࡟࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁࠊከศᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣಶேࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡟ࡋࡓࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆࡋࡓࡢࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢᚋ࡝࠺ࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࠋ౛࠼ࡤศ㔝ࡀ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡡࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢศ㔝ࡶ඲㒊୍⥴ࡃࡓ࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊ౛࠼ࡤ࡝ࡇ࠿ࡢ኱Ꮫ࡜኱Ꮫࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࢖ࣥࢫࢸ࢕ࢸ࣮ࣗࢺ࡜࢖ࣥࢫࢸ࢕ࢸ
࣮ࣗࢺࡢࡼ࠺࡞᱁ዲࡢໟᣓⓗ࡞ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࢆసࡿࡢ࠿ࠋࡲࡓࡣ࢖ࣥࢫࢸ࢕ࢸ࣮ࣗࢺ
࡜࢖ࣥࢫࢸ࢕ࢸ࣮ࣗࢺࡢࢱ࢖ࢺ࡞ࢥ࣮ࣛ࣎ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࠿ࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡇ࠺࠸
࠺᱁ዲ࡛ࡢࠊࡸࡣࡾಶேࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡟ࡋࡓᙅ࠸ࡘ࡞ࡀࡾ࡛ࡎࡗ࡜⾜ࡃࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺࠶ࡓࡾࡣࠊ⪃࠼࡝ࡇࢁ࡞ࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ኱Ꮫ࡞࡝ࡔ࡜ࠊࡶ࠺ಶேࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡟ࡋࡓᙅ࠸ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆࠊྲྀࡾ࠶࠼ࡎఱ࠿࠶ࡗࡓࡽࢧ࣏࣮ࢺ
ࡋࡲࡍࡼ࡜࠸࠺ࡄࡽ࠸ࡢ᱁ዲ࡛ࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆసࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ◊✲ᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ࡝࠺
࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ⪺ࡁࡓ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ࠸ࡸࠊࡲࡔ࡞࠿࡞࠿᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࡇࢀࡔ࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁࡲ࡛ࡣ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ◊✲⪅ྠኈࡢಶேⓗ࡞ಙ㢗ࡀ⏕ࡲࢀ࡞࠸࡜㐠Ⴀࡀ⾜ࡁワࡲࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊᏛ⏕ࡢ஺ὶࡢࡼ࠺࡟୧᪉
ࡀ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࢆᣢࡘࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡟ࡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡅࢀࡤ㛗⥆ࡁࡍࡿ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࡀࠊࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸࡜࠶ࡲࡾ⥆࠿࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋከศࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㐃ᦠࡢ୰࡛ࠊ㹃㹋㹀㹊࡜ࡣࣂ࢖࢜࢖࣓
࣮ࢪࣥࢢࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ࡋࡓࡾࠊࣉࣜࣥࢫࢺࣥࡣࢩࢫࢸ࣐ࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࣂ࢖࢜ࣟࢪ࣮࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ࠊ≉ᚩࢆᣢࡗࡓᙧ࡛㐃ᦠࢆࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡢࡈពぢࡢ୰࡟ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞άືࡀᑡࡋከࡍࡂࡿ࠿

− 193 −

ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡜࠿ࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢປຊࡶ࠿࡞ࡾ࠿࠿ࡿࡔࢁ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡈពぢࡶ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞࢔࢖ࢹ࢔ࡸ࢔ࢻࣂ࢖ࢫࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡽࠊ┤᥋ࠊᡤ㛗ࡢ᪉࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࠶ࡾࡀࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ᅜ㝿໬ࡣࠊ༠ᐃࢆ⤖ࢇ࡛ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆࡸࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞άືࡀࠊ࠶ࡿព࿡࡛ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ศ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡣࡑࢀ࡛࠸࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡢ◊✲⪅ࢆ࡝࠺ᅜ㝿໬ࡍࡿ࠿ࡀࠊࡸࡣ
ࡾ᰿ᮏⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿ࠿ࠋ౛࠼ࡤᒸ⏣ࡉࢇࡀ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᇶ⏕◊ࢆእ࡟ฟ࡚࠸ࡿ᪥ᮏே㹎㹇ࡢཷࡅ─࡟ࡍࡿࠋᇶ⏕◊࡜࠸࠺◊✲ᡤࡣࠊࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࡀ᪥ᮏⓗ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡀࠊ
እᅜⓗ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡀࠊẚ㍑ⓗ⮬⏤࡟◊✲ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࠊ༶ࡕእᅜ࠿ࡽ᪥ᮏ࡬㌾╔㝣ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࠋ
 ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ே㐩ࢆཷࡅධࢀࡿ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡣఱ࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜ࠊᙼࡽࡣእᅜࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ୰࡛ࢧࣂ࢖ࣈࡋ࡚
ࡇࡽࢀࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊᮏ㉁⢭⚄ࡀఱ࠿࡜࠸࠺஦ࡀศ࠿ࡗ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ ୰ᅜ࡞࡝ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㈼ࡃ࡚ࠊ࢔࣓࡛ࣜ࢝ᡂຌࡋࡓࠊኳᏳ㛛஦௳๓ᚋ࡟ᅜࢆฟ࡚࠸ࡗࡓேࡓࡕࢆ㧗⤥࡛࡝ࢇ࡝ࢇ࿧ࡧᡠࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡶే௵࡛ᵓࢃ࡞࠸ࠋࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ࡓࡕࡲࡕ⮬ศࡢᅜࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᅜ
㝿໬ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ
 ࡜࡟࠿ࡃ᪥ᮏࡣ᪥ᮏࡢὶ൤࡛ࡸࡿࠋቨࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ཌ࠸࡛ࡍࠋ
ࠕ᪥ᮏ࡟ᖐࡗ࡚ࡇࡽࢀࡓ࠿ࡽ࡟ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏ
ࡢὶ൤࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠖ࡜ࠊ൅࡞࡝ࡣ㠃࡜ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚ゝࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊእᅜ࡛㹎㹇ࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᪥ᮏே◊✲⪅ࡢཷࡅ─࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡢᅜ㝿໬࡟㠀ᖖ࡟ᙺ࡟❧ࡘࠋ୍␒ᡭࡗྲྀࡾ᪩࠸ࡸࡾ᪉ࡔ࡜⚾ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓᚋ࡛ᐈဨ㒊㛛࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡈ㆟ㄽ࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࠊ
ᐇ㝿࡟ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ௒⪃࠼࡞ࡀࡽ㐍ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡢⅬ࡛ࡶࡲࡓࡈពぢࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࡜
ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊᗈሗάື࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᑡࡋㄝ᫂ࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋᗈሗάືࡣࠊ≉௵ຓᩍࡢ಴⏣ࡉࢇࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ࠊ࠶࡜ࡣ㠀ᖖ໅⫋ဨࡀ㸱ྡ࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ
ࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣ఍㆟㛤ദࡢ᪉࡜වົ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛㸱ྡࡢ⫋ဨࡀ࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡜⡿ᅜேࡢ㸯ྡࡣ୺࡟⩻ヂࢆᢸᙜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿே࡛ࠊ㸳ྡ࡛⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ୍ࡘ┠ࡣ୍⯡බ㛤࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᒸᓮ࡟୕ࡘࡢ◊✲ᡤࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ㸱ᖺ࡟㸯ᅇࠊ୍⯡බ㛤ࢆྛ◊✲ᡤࡀᢸᙜࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᫖ᖺࡣྡྂᒇ㕲㐨ࡢἢ⥺ᩓ⟇࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜ࢱ࢖࢔ࢵࣉࡍࡿ࡜
࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ ே௨ୖࡢཧຍ⪅ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ
ࡑࡢ࡯࠿ࠊࡇࢀࡶᐃᖖⓗ࡟ࠊඛ࡯࡝ࡈ⤂௓ࡋࡓࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡞࡝ࡢ◊✲ᡂᯝࡢゎㄝグ஦ࢆ࢙࢘ࣈୖ࡟බ㛤ࡋࡓࡾࠊᡤෆ◊✲⪅ࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿື⏬ࢆ㓄ಙࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡑࢀ࡟ຍ࠼࡚᪂ࡋ࠸ヨࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ౛࠼ࡤ㢧ᚤ㙾⏕୰⥅࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡣ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝ࢶ࣓࢚࢞ࣝࡢ༸ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃጼࢆ࢙࢘ࣈୖ࡛㓄ಙࡋࠊࡓࡲࡓࡲࡇࢀࡣࡣࡸࡪࡉࡢ╔㝣࡜㔜࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊど⫈⋡ࢆྲྀࡾྜࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠸ࡲࡍ࠿ࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿ࡢேẼࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜⪺࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
− 194 − ᅄࡘ┠ࡣ⚾ࡀᢸᙜࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㧗ᰯ⏕ࢆᑐ㇟࡟య㦂ᐇ⩦ࠕ୧⏕㢮⬇᧯సᐇ㦂ࠖࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࠊ♫఍࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࡶྵࡵ࡚ᗈሗάືࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ᗈሗࡣ◊✲ᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚࠿࡞ࡾຊࢆධࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊᗈሗ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡲࡓఱ࠿ࡈពぢࡣࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋࡣ࠸ࠊ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ௒ᅇ㓄ᕸࡉࢀࡓ㈨ᩱࢆぢ࡚ࡶࠊᮏᙜ࡟ࡇࡢᩘᖺ࡛⤂௓グ஦࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊࡍࡈࡃ࠸࠸ෆᐜࡢ
グ஦ࡀቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋṧᛕ࡞ࡀࡽ࡞࠿࡞࠿ࡳࢇ࡞࡟ぢ࡚ࡶࡽ࠼࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ኌࡣ
࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ୍ࡘ୍ࡘࡢグ஦ࡢ㉁ࡢ㧗ࡉࠊࡑࡋ୍࡚⯡࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢศ࠿ࡾࡸࡍࡉࢆಖࡕ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ
ᇶ⏕◊ࡢ⢭⚄ࡀఏࢃࡿࡼ࠺࡞グ஦࡜࠸ࡗࡓព࿡࡛ࡣࠊ࠸࠸ࡶࡢࡀ㝶ศ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ
࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊ࠶࡜ࡣᮏᙜ࡟࡝࠺ࡸࡗ࡚ㄞࢇ࡛ࡶࡽ࠺࠿࡛ࡍࡡࠋከศࠊ࠶࡜ࡣ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࡣ᮶
ࡓேࡀ࡝ࡢࡄࡽ࠸ぢࡿ࠿ࠊࡲࡓ㞧ㄅ࡟㓄ࡗ࡚࡝ࡢࡄࡽ࠸ㄞࢇ࡛ࡶࡽ࠼ࡿ࠿ࠊࡑࡇࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒ࠊᗈሗࡢ᪉࡛ࡶ௒ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽࢥࣜࣥࡉࢇ࡜࠸࠺ࣂ࢖ࣜࣥ
࢞ࣝࡢேࢆࠊⱥㄒࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࢆᙉ໬ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛㞠⏝ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ
ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ࡶⓎಙࡋ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡟㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡢࡈពぢࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊ୍ࡘࡣࡶࡗ࡜
እ㒊ጤク୍࡛⯡ྥࡅࡢၨⵚ᭩࡞࡝ࢆฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀฟࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲ
ࡍࠋ⚟⏣ࡉࢇࡣࠊ≉ᐃࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣఱ࠿ฟ∧ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࡡࠋ࠶࠶࠸࠺࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡣ࡞࠿࡞࠿࠸࠸ࡢ࡛
ࡋࡻ࠺࠿ࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࠸ࡸࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡀฟࡉ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡍ࠿㸦➗㸧ࠋࡳࢇ࡞ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡗ
࡚ࡶࠊᑡࡋࡶ㠃ⓑࡃࡣ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞Ẽࡀࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࠊࡸࡣࡾᇶ⏕◊࡛࡞࠸࡜࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡿ᪉ࡀ࠸
࠸ࡼ࠺࡞Ẽࡀࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋㄡ࠿ࡶ᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᗈሗ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊࡸࡾࡣࡌࡵࡿ࡜ࡁࡾࡀ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡢ⌮Ꮫ㒊ࡶ࠿࡞ࡾᗈሗ࡟ຊࢆධࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ᭱㏆ WRRPXFK ࠿࡞࡜ࡳࢇ࡞ࡀᛮ࠸ጞࡵ
࡚࠸࡚ࠊᑡࡋᗈሗ㛵ಀࢆࢫ࣮ࣟࢲ࢘ࣥࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ືࡁࡀࡴࡋࢁ࠶ࡿࡄࡽ࠸࡛ࡍࠋࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ࡛
ࡣ࡝ࡇࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ࡋ࡚࡝ࡇࢆ࢝ࢵࢺࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆከศ⪃࠼࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 WRRPXFK ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊᗈሗࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡢ௙஦ࡀ WRRPXFK ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊᗈሗ⮬㌟ࡀ
ࡶ࠺㔞ⓗ࡟ WRRPXFK ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ᗈሗ⮬㌟ࡀࠊ࡛ࡍࠋ࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊࡸࡿẼ࡟࡞ࢀࡤࠊᗄࡽ࡛ࡶࡸࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡶ࡛
ࡁࡿࠊ࠶ࢀࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࠊࡇࢀࡶࡸࡾࡓ࠸ࠊ࠶ࢀࡶࡸࡾࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ឤࡌ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸࡚ࠊࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜
ࡍࡈࡃᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊᐇࡣࡍࡈࡃ࠾㔠ࡀ࠿࠿ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ୍␒ࡢၥ㢟ࡣࡸࡣࡾ࠾㔠ࡀ࠿࠿ࡾࡍࡂࡿ࡞
࡜ࠋࡑࢁࡑࢁࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡑ࠺⡆༢࡟ࠊఱ࡛ࡶ࠿ࢇ࡛ࡶ࠾㔠ࢆฟࡍ᫬௦࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸
ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࣇ࢛࣮࢝ࢫࡋ࡚࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸᫬௦࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ

− 195 − ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺୰࡛ࡸࡣࡾ൅ࡽࡢ⌮Ꮫ⣔࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡇࡇࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡀࡸࡣࡾࢥ࢔ࡔࢁ࠺࡜࠸࠺
࡜ࡇࢁࢆࡲࡎ୰ᚰ࡟ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ぢ┤ࡋࢆࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᭱୰࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊⱥㄒࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌
ࢪࡣከศ኱஦࡛ࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣࡍࡈࡃ࠸࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊఱ࡛ࡶࡸࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣࠊࡴࡋࢁࢥ
࢔ࢆ⤠ࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࡇࡀᇶ⏕◊ࡢ≉ᚩࡔ࠿ࡽࡇࡇࡔࡅࡣࡸࡿ࡜࠸࠺ឤࡌࡢࡸࡾ᪉ࢆࡋࡓ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ࡸࡣࡾⓎಙࡣ፹యࡢၥ㢟ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ෉Ꮚࡸᮏ࡞࡝ࡣࡶ࠺࡜ࢇ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ヰ࡛ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡜ࢇ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ヰ㸦➗㸧ࠋࡓࡔࠊ♫఍࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡢ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ពぢࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡓࡢࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ࠾㔠ࡤ࠿ࡾ࠿࠿ࡗ࡚ࠊㄡࡶࡸࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡔ࠿ࡽࠊࡕࡷࢇ࡜≉ᚩࡢ࠶ࡿࠊࡸࡣࡾㄞࡴࡶࡢࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࡡࠋࡑ
ࢀࡣ⥲◊኱ࡶྠࡌ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ࡸࡣࡾⱥㄒࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࢆ඘ᐇࡉࡏࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࠶ࢀࡣ࡝ࡢࡄࡽ࠸࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡋࡓ࠿ࠊ࢝࢘ࣥࢱ࣮ࡀ௜࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑࢀࡣࡲࡔ௜࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡐࡦࠊࡑࢀࡣ௜ࡅࡓ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡓࡔࠊホ౯ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡣࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓࡍ࡭࡚࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ࡝ࢀࡔࡅ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡀ࠶ࡗ
ࡓ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡓࡔࠊ࠶ࢀࡶ࡞࠿࡞࠿࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡢ௙᪉ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ᚤጁࡔࡋࠊኳ
ᩥྎࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ከࡃ࡚ࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡸఱ࠿ࡣ㸯๭ࡄࡽ࠸࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 㨩ຊⓗ࡞ࡶࡢࢆࠊ࡝ࢇ࡝ࢇ᭦᪂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦࡛ࠊྂ࠸ࡶࡢࢆᗄࡽᙇࡾ௜ࡅ࡚ࡶ௙᪉ࡀ
࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ᮾ኱࡞࡝ࡶࠊⱥㄒࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࢆࠊ࠿࡞ࡾࡋࡗ࠿ࡾసࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 సࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡼࠋ
㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ᭱㏆ࡼࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ୍᫬ᮇࡦ࡝࠿ࡗࡓ㸦➗㸧ࠋ᭱㏆ࠊࢤ࣮ࣛࡉࢇࡀ࠺ࡿࡉ࠸࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
− 196 −

㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ࡑ࠺࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࢤ࣮ࣛࡉࢇࡀ࠺ࡿࡉ࠸࠿ࡽࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ⥲◊኱ࡶⱥㄒࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ࡞࡝ࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡼࠋ
㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ᭱ึࡣⱥㄒࡀࡦ࡝ࡃ࡚ࠊࢤ࣮ࣛࡉࢇ࡜࠸࠺ 8&/$ ࠿ࡽ⛣ࡗ࡚ࡇࡽࢀࡓ᪉ࡀࠕࡇࢇ࡞ࡢࠊᮾ
኱⌮Ꮫ㒊ࡢ᜝ࡔࠖ࡜ᩍᤵ఍࡛ᛣࡗ࡚ᒃࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓ㸦➗㸧ࠋ㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡑࢀ࡛⮬ࡽ஌ࡾฟࡋ࡚ࠊⱥㄒ࡛ࡸࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽ㸦➗㸧ࠋ㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࡸࡣࡾࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࢆ࡝ࡇ࡟ࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ࡜࡚ࡶ኱஦࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ∧ࡶⱥㄒ∧ࡶࡶࡢࡍࡈࡃ඘ᐇࡋ࡚࠸࡚㠃ⓑ࠸࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࢆసࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ඲᪉఩ⓗ࡟࠸࠸ຠᯝࡀ࠶
ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋᏑᅾࡢ࢔ࣆ࣮ࣝࡶ࠶ࡿࡋࠊࡑࡇ࡟ฟ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁぢ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࢀ࡛▱㆑ࡶᚓࡽࢀ࡚࡜࡚ࡶ㠃ⓑ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࡣࡍࡈࡃ౯್ࡀ㧗࠸࠿ࡽࠊࡑࢀࡣసࡿ࡭ࡁ
ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡣࠊᗈሗࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾᏛ⏕☜ಖ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ
኱Ꮫ࣭Ꮫ㒊ࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸◊✲ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᮏᙜ࡟࡝ࢀࡔࡅඃ⚽࡞Ꮫ⏕ࢆ㞟ࡵࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࡶࡢ
ࡍࡈࡃ኱஦࡛ࡍࠋ◊✲⪅ࡢ◊✲⮬యࡣࠊ◊✲⪅ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ࡸᏛ఍࡞࡝࡛ࡶ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ᭷ྡ࡟࡞
ࡗ࡚ࠊ௰㛫ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᏛ⏕ࢆ࡝࠺ࡸࡗ࡚㑅ࡪ࠿ࠊᘬࡁ௜ࡅࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊࡇࡢᗈሗ
ࡢ㸯ಶࡢ┠⋢ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡸࡿ࠿ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ≉ᚩࢆᣢࡗࡓᙧ࡛࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࠼࠼ࠋ㸦ぢᏛ㸧 ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࢆᣏぢࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᑡࡋࡸࡣࡾධࡾཱྀࡀ኱ࡁ࡞኱Ꮫࡸᙺᡤࡢࡼ࠺࡞ឤࡌ
࡛ࠊᏐࡔࡅ᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊᑡࡋఱ࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊ⏬୍ⓗ࡞࣭࣭࣭ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋࡑࢀࡣ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ᪉ࡢ㸽㸦ぢᏛ㸧 ⱥㄒࡶࡑ࠺ࡔࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋࡣ࠸ࠋ㸦ぢᏛ㸧 ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࢆぢ࡚࠸࡚㨩ຊⓗࡔ࡞࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢࡣࠊ౛࠼ࡤ⌮◊ࡢ㹁㹂㹀࡞࡝ࡣࠊࣉࣞࢫࣜ
࣮ࣜࢫࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡞⨾ࡋ࠸⣽⬊ࡢ෗┿࡞࡝ࢆࢫࣛ࢖ࢻࢩ࣮࡛ࣙࠊࢺࢵࣉࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ὶࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ
ࡡࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣࠊࡍࡈࡃ࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡋࠊఱ࡜࡞ࡃࡑࡢ◊✲ࡢ₍↛࡜ࡋࡓ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡶ

− 197 −

ᚓࡽࢀࡿࡋࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ᑠࡉ࠸◊✲ᡤࡔ࠿ࡽࡇࡑࠊࡶࡗ࡜ఱ࠿࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࡣᙺᡤࡗࡱࡃ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡀ
࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡞࡜ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋ☜࠿࡟௒ࠊ࠾㔠ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚ኚ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡜ࠊⱥᩥࡢ᪉ࡣ௒ࠊࡑࡢࢥ
ࣜࣥࡉࢇࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡶ࠺୍ᗘసࡾ┤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ἣ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡶ࠺ᑡࡋᚅࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡛ࡶࠊᙺᡤࡗࡱࡃ࡞ࡃ㸦➗㸧ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ௒ࡢࡈពぢࡣࠊࡕࡷࢇ࡜ఏ࠼ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠋ
㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ࡋࡤࡽࡃࣔࢽࢱ࣮࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ㸦➗㸧ࠋ㸦▼㔝㸧 ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡶ࠺୍ࡘ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡓ࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊᮏᙜ࡟Ꮫ⏕ྥࡅ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜
࡛ࠊࡔ࠿ࡽ᪥ᮏㄒࡢࡶࡢࡶ࡜࡚ࡶ኱஦ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡸࡣࡾࡇࡇࡣᑠ୰㧗ࡄࡽ࠸ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡢேࡢࠊ
⛉Ꮫࢆࡋࡓ࠸ࠊ⏕≀Ꮫࢆࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ពḧࢆࡑࡑࡿࡼ࠺࡞グ஦ࡀ൅ࡣࡍࡈࡃከ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠺
ࡢ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡸࡣࡾࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆࠊᑠ୰㧗ࡢேࡓࡕ࡟ࡶぢ࡚ࡶࡽ࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࠊఱ࠿ດຊ
ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࠋឡ▱┴ࡢ୰࡛ࡣࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸
ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺άືࡀࡸࡣࡾ඲ᅜࡢᑠ୰㧗ࡢᏊࡓࡕ࡟ఏࢃࡿ࡜ࠊࡸࡣࡾ⏕≀Ꮫ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⯆࿡ࡣኚࢃࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡀ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࡣᮏᙜ࡟୍␒኱ࡁ࡞ຠᯝ࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ᑠ୰㧗࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍ࡜ࠊࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࣁ࢖ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢᒸᓮ㧗ᰯ࡞࡝࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ
㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ᤵᴗࢆࡍࡿ࡜࠿ࡢ༠ຊࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡴࡋࢁඛ࡯࡝⤂௓ࡋࡓ⏕୰⥅࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ
ࡲࡉ࡟ᑠ୰Ꮫ⏕࡛ぢࡓ᪉ࡶከ࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ศ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸࠿࡞࡜ࠋ
㸦ඣ⋢㸧 ࡇࡇࡢ㸱◊✲ᡤ࡛ࠕᗈሗㄅ 2.$=$.,ࠖࢆ௒ࠊᖺ㸰ᅇ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡔ࠸ࡪ࣮࣌ࢫࡣప࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ
ࡑࡇ࡛㸰ᖺࡄࡽ࠸๓࠿ࡽࠊ㧗ᰯ⏕ࢆ࣓࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡜࠸࠺᪉㔪ࢆฟࡋ࡚ࠊ㧗ᰯ⏕ࠊ≉࡟ࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮
ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࣁ࢖ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᒸᓮ㧗ᰯࡀ㞄࡟࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡇࡢᏛ⏕ࡉࢇࢆ࿧ࢇ࡛ࡁ࡚
◊✲⪅ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࢆࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࢆグ஦࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ヨࡳࡣࡸࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ᮾᒸᓮࡢ㥐ࡢᡤ࡟ࠊ◊✲ᡤᐉఏࡢ┳ᯈࡀ௒࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋぢࡲࡋࡓ㸽 㸱◊✲ᡤ࠿ࡽ஧ࡘ
ࡎࡘᥖ㍕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽࠊ௒⌧ᅾࡣᇶ⏕◊ࡣ㍕ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢࡔࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ㝵ẁࡢᶓ࡟ᙇࡗ࡚࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
࡛ࡶࠊ࠶ࢀࡣᖺ㛫  ୓෇ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ㸦➗㸧ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑࡢ್ẁࢆゝ࠺࡜ࠊ࠺࣮ࢇ࡜ᛮ࠺࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋᗈሗ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾ≉ᚩࢆᣢࡗ࡚ᙉ໬ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ᙉࡃ࢔ࢻࣂ࢖ࢫ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
− 198 −

㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 㸰ᖺ๓ࡢホ౯఍㆟࡛ࠊࡔ࠸ࡪ㆟ㄽࡢ࠶ࡗࡓእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ஦࡛ࡍࡀࠊඃ⚽࡞ேࢆ࡝࠺ࣜ
ࢡ࣮ࣝࢺࡋ࡚ࡃࡿ࠿ࡀၥ㢟࡛ࡍࠋ ඛ࡯࡝ࡢ㆟ㄽ࡛ࡍࡀࠊⱥᩥࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟኱஦࡛ࡍࠋ୍యఱࡀ࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠊ
ࡑࡇࡣඛ㍮᱁࡛࠶ࡿ⌮◊ࡢ㹁㹂㹀ࡸ㹀㹑㹇࡞࡝ࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ࡟Ꮫࡪ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࠶࠶࠸࠺
࡜ࡇࢁࡣࠊ࠾㔠ࢆᡶࡗ࡚ࣉࣟ࡟௵ࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡸࡣࡾእᅜேࡢឤぬ࡛సࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ ࠾ᙺᡤⓗ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ࡜࠸࠺ヰࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊᮾ኱࡞࡝Ṕ௦ࡢ⥲㛗ࡸᏛ㒊㛗ࡀㄡࡔࡗࡓ࡜࠿ࠊ
ࡑࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟ㄡࡀ⯆࿡ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿࡜㸦➗㸧ࠋࡶࡋࡃࡣ࡝࠺࠸࠺㒊㛛࡟ேࡀఱே࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠿ࠊண⟬ࡀᗄࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠿ࠋ࡜࡟࠿ࡃ㈨ᩱ࡜⤫ィࡢ⨶ิ࠿ࡽ⬺༷ࡋ࡞࠸࡜㥏┠ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠊ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࡑ࠺࠸࠺࠸ࢁ࠸
ࢁ࡞࡜ࡇࢁࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࢆ
ぢ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆㄞࢇ
࡛࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊᮏᙜ࡟㠃ⓑ࠸◊✲ᡤࡸ኱Ꮫࡢࡶࡢ࡜ࠊࡑ࠺࡛࡞
࠸ࡶࡢࡣࠊࡶ࠺Ṕ↛࡜㐪࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡑࢀ࡛ࠊ⚾ࡶ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞࡜ࡇࢁࢆぢ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ౛࠼ࡤ᭱㏆ࠊ࠶ࡿ◊✲⛉࡛ࡸࡗࡓㅮ₇ࡢࣅࢹ࢜ࢆ඲㒊ぢࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞
ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࠊࡍࡈ
ࡃ᭷ྡ࡞ඛ⏕ࡢㅮ₇࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡇ࡛  ศࡸ  ศࡸࡗࡓㅮ⩏ࡀࣃࢳࢵ࡜ࡸࡿ࡜඲㒊⫈ࡅࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡇ࡟⾜࠿࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊ⚾ࡢࡍࡈࡃ▱ࡾࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡓඛ⏕ࡢㅮ⩏࡞࡝ࡀࠊ௒᭶ࡢࣞࢡࢳ࣮ࣕ
࡜࠸ࡗࡓᙧ࡛ࡕࡷࢇ࡜㍕ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣࡍࡈࡃ㠃ⓑ࠸࡛ࡍࠋ
 ࡑࢀࡣ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸◊✲ᡤࡔࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ౛࠼ࡤ࠶ࡲࡾᅛ᭷ྡモࡣฟࡋ࡚ࡣ࠶ࢀࡔࡅࢀ࡝
ࡶࠊி኱࠿࡝ࡇ࠿ࡀࡍࡈࡃ኱ࡁ࡞࠾㔠ࠊ㹁㹍㹃࠿ఱ࠿ࢆྲྀࡗ࡚ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⤌⧊ࡢ࣮࣌ࢪࡶࠊ⤖ᵓྂ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ᭱㏆࡛ࡣࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞⢾ᒀ⑓ࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡸఱ࠿ࢆྠᐃࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡑ
ࢀ࡛⑓Ẽࡀࡕࡷࢇ࡜ゎỴ࡛ࡁࡿ࡞࡝࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣศ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ࠊ┦ኚࢃࡽࡎࡑ࠺
࠸࠺᪉ἲ࡛ࠕḟࡢୡ௦ࡢゎỴࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡲࡍࠖ࡞࡝࡜᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡿࠋ
 ࡑࢀࡀࠊྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞௙஦ࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡸ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ኱Ꮫࡸ◊✲ᡤࡔ࡜ࠊࠕࡶ࠺ࡑ࠺࠸࠺᫬
௦ࡣ⤊ࢃࡗࡓࠖ࡜ࡕࡷࢇ࡜᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊ
ࠕࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣゎỴࡀࡘ࠿࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ

− 199 −

ࡶ࠺ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࡇࡑࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ࡝࠺ࡋࡼ࠺ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀ᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ
ࡑࡢ஧ࡘࢆ௒ࠊྠ᫬ᮇ࡟ぢࡿ࡜ࠕ࠺ࢃ࠵ࠊࡇࢀ࡛ࡣ㨩ຊࡀ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ࡝࠺
࠸࠺᝟ሗࢆ࡝࠺࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ฟࡋࡓࡽ㨩ຊⓗ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼࡞࠸࡜ࠊ⤖ᯝࡀ඲ࡃ㐪࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋ㡹ᙇࡽࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍ㸦➗㸧ࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊ௒ࡢ␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢヰࡣ᭱ᚋࡢᏛ⏕ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡲࡓྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࡢ࡛ࠊࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ ࡛ࡣࠊ᫬㛫ࡢ㛵ಀࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ⥆࠸࡚ࠕ᪂㡿ᇦࡢ㛤ᣅࠖ࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁࢆࠊ㛗㇂㒊ࡉࢇ࡟࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
㸲㸬᪂㡿ᇦࡢ㛤ᣅ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋ᪂㡿ᇦࡢ㛤ᣅ࡜ࡋࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࠕ⏕≀Ꮫᅜ㝿㧗➼ࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࠖ
㸦2ND]DNL%LRORJ\&RQIHUHQFH㸧ࢆ㛤ദࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ2ND]DNL%LRORJ\&RQIHUHQFH ࡣࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫศ㔝࡛ࠊ㸳ᖺࡸ ᖺඛࡄࡽ࠸࡟᪂ࡋ࠸◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ศ㔝ࢆࠊᡤෆ࠾ࡼࡧᡤእࡢጤဨࡢඛ⏕᪉࡛⪃࠼࡚ࠊࡑࡋ࡚᪂ࡋ࠸◊✲⪅ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ࢆసࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ᰾࡜ࡋࡼ࠺ࠊ᭱ึࡢࢩ࣮ࢻ࡜ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ
௻⏬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡇࢀ௨እࡣ᪥ᮏேࡢཧຍ⪅ࡀእᅜேཧຍ⪅ࡼࡾࡶከ࠸ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡀከ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢ㹍㹀㹁࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢼࢩࣙࢼࣝ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣእᅜேࡀ㸱ศࡢ㸰ࡄࡽ࠸࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᅜ㝿఍㆟࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊᇶᮏ࡜ࡋ࡚඲ဨ඲᪥ཧຍࡋ࡚ྜᐟᙧᘧ࡛⾜࠺࡜࠸࠺௻⏬࡛⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
 ௒ᅇ࡛➨㸶ᅇ࡟࡞ࡾࠊ͆6SHFLDWLRQDQG$GDSWDWLRQϩ㸸(QYLURQPHQWDQG(SLJHQHWLFV͇࡜࠸࠺ࢱ࢖ࢺ࡛ࣝࠊࡇࢀࡣ▼㔝ඛ⏕࡟ࡶ࣮࢜࢞ࢼ࢖ࢨ࣮ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ࠶࡜ࡣ㑇ఏᏛ◊✲ᡤࡢ㧗ᶫᩥඛ⏕ࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ 1HZ<RUN8QLYHUVLW\ ࡢ 0LFKDHO3XUXJJDQDQ ࡉࢇ࡜⚾࡜㸲ே࡛࣮࢜࢞ࢼ࢖ࢨ
࣮ࢆࡸࡾࠊ௒ᖺࡢ㸱᭶࡟ணᐃࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࠶࠸࡟ࡃࡇࢀࡶ㟈⅏ࡢࡓࡵᘏᮇ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜
࡛ࡍࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ≧ἣࢆぢ࡚௒ᚋ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿ࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ
 ௒ᅇࡣ➨㸶ᅇ͆6SHFLDWLRQDQG$GDSWDWLRQϩ͇࡜࠸࠺ࢱ࢖ࢺ࡛ࣝࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣ๓ᅇ㸳ᅇ┠࡟
͆6SHFLDWLRQDQG$GDSWDWLRQ,(FRORJLFDO*HQRPLFVRI0RGHO2UJDQLVPVDQG%H\RQG͇࡜࠸࠺௻⏬ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡇࢀࡢ㸰ᅇ┠࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࡇࡢ᭱ึࡢ㸳ᅇ┠ࡢ࡜ࡁࡢ㹍㹀㹁࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࠿࡞ࡾ࠸
ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ࡸ㐃ᦠࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ㸰ࣨ᭶๓࡟࣮࢟ࢫࢺ࣮ࣥࡢⓎ⏕㐍໬ࡢື≀୺యࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊఱே࠿᳜≀ࡢ᪉ࡀ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊࡑࡢ᪉ࡣࡇࡢ㹍㹀㹁㸳࡛ື≀ࡢⓎ⏕㐍໬ࡢ᪉ࠎ࡜▱ࡾྜ࠸࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡢᚋࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ᙧ࡛஺ὶࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ
࡜࡛ࠊ㝶ศឤㅰࢆࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
 ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࡢ㹍㹀㹁㸶࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡇࡢศ㔝ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ᙧᡂࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ศ㔝ᙧᡂࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ௒ᖺᗘ࡟㛤ദࡋࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡣ᪂㡿ᇦࡢ㛤ᣅ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᇶ⏕◊࡛௒⾜ࡗ࡚− 200 −

ࡁ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠊ≉࡟⏕≀Ꮫᅜ㝿㧗➼ࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫ㸦㹍㹀㹁㸧࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡢࡈព
ぢ࡛ࡣࠕ⎔ቃ࡜࢚ࣆࢪ࢙ࢿࢸ࢕ࢡࢫࠖࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟᫬ᐅࢆᚓࡓ㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸◊✲ศ㔝࡜࠸࠺ࡈពぢࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊእ㒊ᾏእጤဨࢆධࢀࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ពぢࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡇࢀࡣࠊண⟬つᶍࡣ࡝ࢀࡃࡽ࠸࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡋࡓ࠿ࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧  ୓㹼 ୓෇ࡄࡽ࠸࡛ࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧  ୓෇ࠋࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊእᅜࡢேࡢ᪑㈝ࡣ඲㒊㈥࠼ࡿࡄࡽ࠸࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋ඲㒊ᣍᚅ࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࠿࡞ࡾ㧗㢠࡛ࡍࠋ㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡡࠋせࡍࡿ࡟⚾ࡢពぢࡣࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ㄢ㢟ࢆ㑅ࡪ࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡁࡢỴࡵ᪉ࢆ࢖ࣥ
ࢱ࣮ࢼࢩࣙࢼࣛ࢖ࢬࡋ࡚࡝ࡇ࠿࡛ࡸࡗࡓ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋᇶ⏕◊ࡢ୰࡛Ỵࡵࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣࠊࠕࡸࡣࡾࡇࢀࡣᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟኱஦ࡔࢁ࠺ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞⿬௜ࡅࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࠊ࠸࠸࡞࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡇࢀ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺᪉ྥ࡛ࡢ᳨ウࡣࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡛ࡣࠊ㛗㇂㒊ࡉࢇࡢ᪉࠿ࡽࠋ㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 㹍㹀㹁㐠Ⴀጤဨ఍ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ጤဨ఍ࢆసࢁ࠺࡜࠸࠺ヰࡣጤဨ఍࡛ఱᅇ࠿㆟ㄽࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡓࡔࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ጤဨ఍ࢆసࡿࡼࡾࡶ๓࡟ࠊࡑࢀࡼࡾࡣᇶ⏕◊ࡢ୰࠿ࡽఱ࠿ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ᪉
ࡀ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ጤဨ఍ࡢពぢࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ௒ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡑࡢጤဨ఍ࡢࡈពぢ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚ࠊᅜ㝿ጤဨ఍࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣࠊᡤෆ࠿ࡽఱ࠿᪂ࡋ࠸᪉ྥ࡜ࡋ࡚⏕ࡳฟࡏࡿ᪉ྥ࡬࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ື࠸࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ☜࠿࡟ࡇࢀࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟⌮᝿ࡢ㧗࠸ࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ௒᪤࡟ࡶ࠺ᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿศ㔝࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡑࡢḟࡢ  ᖺᚋࡸ  ᖺᚋࢆ≺ࡗ࡚ࠊ࠿ࡘ௒ࡲ࡛౛ࡢ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࢆ┠ᣦࡍ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡟࡞
ࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊጞࡲࡗࡓࡢࡣ㸵㹼㸶ᖺ๓ࠊ൅ࡢ๓ࡢ຾ᮌᡤ㛗ࡢ࡜ࡁ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟㞟ࡲࡗ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸
ࢁ㆟ㄽࡉࢀࡓࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ኱య୍ᕠࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢḟ࡟ఱࡀ࠸࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࠊ㸰㹼㸱ᖺ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ㆟ㄽࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᐇࡣ࠶ࡲࡾ࠸࠸ࡶࡢࡀฟ࡚ࡇ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ
 ࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ㹍㹀㹁ࢆ࡝࠺ࡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊᐇࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ࢡࣜࢸ࢕࢝ࣝ࡞
᫬ᮇ࡟᮶࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊᮏẼ࡛㠃ⓑ࠸ࡶࡢࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚ࠊ࠿ࡘࡑࢀࢆࡸࡾࡗᨺࡋ࡛ࡶ௙᪉
ࡀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ௒ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡣ㸰ᅇ┠ࢆ㸰㹼㸱ᖺᚋ࡟ࡶ࠺୍㐢ࡸࡗ࡚ࠊ࡝࠺ᒎ㛤ࡋࡓ࠿ࢆぢࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺
ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⥅⥆ᛶࢆᣢࡓࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࢸ࣮࣐ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡶࡗ࡜࠺ࡲࡃᒎ㛤ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᐇ౛ࡀ࡞
࠸࡜ࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿ḟ࡟⾜࠿࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

− 201 −

㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ࡑ࠺࠸࠺㆟ㄽࡣ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞࡜ࡇࢁ࡟࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ౛࠼ࡤ୍␒඾ᆺⓗ࡞ࡢࡣᅜ㝿㧗➼◊✲ᡤࠋᏛၥࡢⱆࢆぢࡘࡅ⫱࡚࡚࡜࠸࠺ヰ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢᡭࡢࡇ࡜ࡣᗄࡽ㆟ㄽࢆࡋ࡚ࡶ࡝࠺࡟ࡶ࡞ࡽ࡞
࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡊࡗࡃࡤࡽࢇ࡟⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍ࡜ࠊᇶ⏕◊࡟࠸ࡿᩍᤵࡢ᪉ࠎࡀ୍␒ᚓព࡞ศ㔝࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ௒ࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟࡜ࡁࡵ࠸࡚࠸ࡿேࢆ࡝ࢀࡔࡅ㞟ࡵࡽࢀࡿ࠿ࠋࡑࢀࡔࡅࡢࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ ᖺᚋࡢᏛၥࡀ࡝
࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄡࡶᇶ⏕◊࡟ᮇᚅࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ౛࠼ࡤ⚾ࡢศ㔝࡛ࡣࠊ ᖺᚋ࡟ேࡢᚰࡀศ࠿ࡿ࠿࡞࡝ࠊࡑࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆ㆟ㄽࡋ࡚ࡶጞࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ཝࡋ࠸ពぢࢆ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓ㸦➗㸧ࠋ 㹍㹀㹁࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠋ࡝࠺ࡒࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋ⚾ࡶࠊᑡࡋᐇ⌧ࡀᘏᮇࡉࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ࠿࠿ࢃࡗࡓ୍ဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡦ࡜ࡇ࡜ゝࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ☜࠿࡟௒࡜ࡁࡵ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡶ኱஦࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀࡣከศࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢ
ูࡢ᪉ࡢࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࠊ㹌㹇㹀㹀ࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫ࡛ࡋࡓ࠿ࠊࡑࡕࡽࡢ᪉ࡀᢸᙜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡟
ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ൅ࡀ㛗℈჆Ꮥඛ⏕࠿ࡽ࠾㢪࠸ࡉࢀࡓࡢࡣࠊせࡍࡿ࡟㸳ᖺᚋ  ᖺᚋ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ௒ࡣᮏᙜ
࡟ࡲࡔⱆࡀฟࡿ࠿ⱆࡀฟ࡞࠸࠿ศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋせࡍࡿ࡟ࠊࡲࡔࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢸ࢕ࣇ࢕ࢵࢡ࡟ࡶᮏᙜ࠿ᮏᙜ
࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ᛹ࡋ࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊᮏᙜࡔࡗࡓࡽఙࡧࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢ㎶ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡶ࠺
ࡲࡃࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆ࡜ࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࢫࢸࢹ࢕࣮ࡔࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ⤖ᵓࢳࣕࣞࣥࢪࣥࢢ࡞㒊ศࡶ஺࠼࡚࡜࠸࠺ࡇ
࡜࡛௻⏬ࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ൅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ᴦࡋࡳ࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ
 ᪂ࡋࡃఱ࠿ࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊࡶࡸࡶࡸ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞࡜ࡁࡀఱᖺ࠿࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑ࠺࠸
ࡗࡓヰ㢟ࢆᕠࡗ࡚ࠊࡅࢀ࡝ࡶከศᚲࡎ࡝ࡇ࠿࡟㐨ࡀ࠶ࡾࡑ࠺ࡔ࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ᡭࢆᡴࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࢆ
㸯ᅇ㛤࠸࡚࠾ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊᮏᙜ࡟൅ࡣ኱஦࡞ヨࡳࡔ࡜ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ㸰ᖺᚋ࡟ࠊࡲࡓࡶ
࠺㸯ᅇ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᮏᙜ࡟ࡑࢀࡀఙࡧࡓ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡢ᳨ドࢆࠊࡁࡕࢇ࡜ࡍࡿࠋࡑ
ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆࡸࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡇࢀࢆᅇࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊࢳࣕࣞࣥࢪࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ൅ࡣ࠸࠸ࡢ
ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊࡸࡾࡗᨺࡋࡣࡸࡣࡾ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡑࢀ࡛ᮏᙜ࡟ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡗ
ࡓࡢ࠿ࠊ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡢ᳨ドࢆࠊ඲㒊ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ᳨ド࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ࡸࡣࡾ㸰ᖺ๓࡟ࡸࡗࡓேࡓࡕࡀࠊせࡍࡿ࡟㸰ᖺᚋࠊ㸱ᖺᚋ࡟ࡸࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊࡸࡣࡾࡑࡢ
ศ㔝ࡀࡕࡷࢇ࡜࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࠊ᰾࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡲࡓࠊୡ⏺୰࡛ࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓศ㔝࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡀᗈࡲࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࠋࡇࡢᒸᓮࡀ୰ᚰ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ጞࡵࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࠊࡑ
ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡑࢀࡣ࡜࡚ࡶ࠸࠸ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ൅ࡣࡕࡻࡗ࡜㈶ᡂࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠊ൅ࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜ࠊࡸࡣࡾᆏ㔝ࡉࢇࡢពぢࡢ᪉࡟㏆ࡃࠊ㸰ᖺࡸ㸱ᖺ᳨࡛ド࡛ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ኱ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡍࡡࠋせࡍࡿ࡟  ᖺඛࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚− 202 −

࠸ࡓࡽࠊ㸰ᖺ㸱ᖺ࡛⤖ᯝࡣฟ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࡑࢇ࡞᳨ドࢆࡍࡿࡢࡣ㛫㐪ࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ ᖺ㛫࡟  ᅇࡄࡽ࠸ࡸࡗࡓ఍㆟ࡢ࠺ࡕࡢࠊ㸯ᅇ࡛ࡶᡂຌࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡑࢀ࡛࠸࠸ࡄࡽ࠸ࡢ఍ࡀࠕᖺᚋࢆぢᤣ࠼ࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡣࡸࡣࡾ  ᖺᚋࢆぢᤣ࠼࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
ࡔࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡣ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘぢ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡸࡣࡾ඲ࡃ᪂ࡋ࠸ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
 ࡔ࠿ࡽࠊᮏᙜ࡟ࡑࡢぬᝅ࡛ࠊ඲ࡃ᪂ࡋ࠸ࡶࡢࢆ  ᅇࡄࡽ࠸ࡸࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟㸯ᅇ࡛ࡶᙜࡓࢀࡤ࠸࠸࡜
࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞ぬᝅ࡛ࡸࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ൅ࡣ඲↛㹍㹉ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ㸰㹼㸱ᖺᚋ᳨࡛ドࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞
ࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓࡽࠊࡸࡣࡾࡑࢀࡣ኱ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢇ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊูࡢࡶࡢ࡜୍⥴࡟ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ᪉ࡀࡣࡗࡁࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊಶேⓗ࡟ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ௒ࠊពぢࢆ᧔ᅇ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ⚟⏣ඛ⏕ࡢពぢ࡟඲ࡃྠឤ࡛ࡍ㸦➗㸧ࠋ㸦ᆏ㔝㸧 ࡶ࠺୍ゝࠊゝࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍ࡜ࠊᏛၥࡢࣇࣟࣥࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡀ㌿ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡶࡢࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࢃࢀࢃࢀࡢศ㔝ࡶࠊᮏᙜ࡟ẖᅇẖᅇࠊྠࡌࢭࢵࢺࡢேࡀ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞࡜ࡇࢁ࡛
㢦ࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㸱ᖺࡶࡓࡘ࡜ࠊࡶ࠺࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ධࢀ᭰ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋሙྜ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚
ࡣࠊศ㔝ࡑࡢࡶࡢࡀูࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡄࡽ࠸ኚ໬ࡢ⃭ࡋ࠸ࡶࡢ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ
ࡑ࠺࠸࠺Ꮫၥࡢὶࢀ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࠊ൅࡟ࡣุࡾࡲࡏࢇࡅࢀ࡝ࠊศ㔝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣࡑࢀࡀ⌧ᐇ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊ ᖺඛࡢᏛၥࢆ࡝࠺ࡍࡿ࡜࠿࠸࠺㆟ㄽࡣ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸࡜ࡣᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀࡣ
ఱ࠿ูࡢୡ⏺ࡢ㆟ㄽࡢᵝ࡟ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠊ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ࡈពぢࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ㹍㹀㹁ࡢ᳨ウጤဨ఍࡟཯ᫎࡉࡏ࡚ࠊ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡼࢁࡋࡃࠋ ᫬㛫ࡢၥ㢟࡛ࠊḟࡢⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂࡢ᪉࡟⛣ࡾࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡣ㛗㇂㒊ࡉࢇࡢ᪉࠿ࡽࠋ
㸳㸬ⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫࡢᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷࡢᇶ┙ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࢆཷࡅධࢀ࡚ᩍ⫱ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡟ຍ࠼࡚≉ูඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ௚኱
Ꮫࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࢆཷࡅධࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ௒ᖺࡣ㸴ྡࡀ༤ኈࡢᏛ఩ࢆྲྀࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ㸳ᖺ୍㈏ไ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ
ᇶᮏⓗ࡟༤ኈࡔࡅ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞஦᝟࡛㸰ᖺ࡛ࡸࡵࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺᪉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊಟኈࢆฟࡍ
࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ㸯ྡ࡟ಟኈࡢᏛ఩ࢆฟࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡜ࠊ௚኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽ  ྡࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࢆཷࡅධࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
 ࣜࢧ࣮ࢳ࢔ࢩࢫࢱࣥࢺไᗘࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡣ⥲◊኱࠿ࡽࡢᑓᨷ㓄ศ⤒㈝ࡼࡾࠊᏛ⏕㸯ேᙜࡓࡾᖺ㛫⣙  ୓෇ࠊࡇࢀࡣ㸯ᖺ⏕࠿ࡽ㸳ᖺ⏕ࡲ࡛඲ဨࡢ⤒῭ⓗᨭ᥼ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡑࢀ࡜ࠊ㸯Ἡ㸰᪥࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣ㛗㇂ᕝඛ⏕ࡢඛᑟ⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉࡜ࡶ୍⥴࡟ࠊ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ࡢᇶ♏⏕− 203 −

≀Ꮫᑓᨷࠊ㑇ఏᏛᑓᨷ㸦㑇ఏ◊㸧ࠊࡑࢀ࡜⏕⌮⛉Ꮫᑓᨷ㸦⏕⌮◊㸧࡜ྜྠ࡛ࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡇࢀࡣ
Ꮫ⏕࡜࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢᩍဨࡀ୍ᇽ࡟఍ࡋࡲࡋ࡚ࠊⓎ⾲࠾ࡼࡧ㆟ㄽࢆࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺఍࡛ࡍࠋ
 ࡲࡓࠊⱥ఍ヰ࡜ⱥㄒࡢࣉࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⬟ຊࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊእᅜேㅮᖌࢆ⥲◊኱ࡢ㈝⏝࡛㞠⏝ࡋࠊᒸᓮࡢ୰࡛ᩍᐊࢆ㛤࠸࡚ࠊᏛ⏕ࡢⱥㄒᩍ⫱ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ࡞࠿࡞࠿ຠᯝࡀ࠶
ࡿࡼ࠺࡛ࠊᏛ⏕ࡢⱥㄒ⬟ຊࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ྥୖࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊ⥲◊኱ࡢ≉ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚」ᩘᣦᑟᩍဨไࢆྲྀࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ୺௵ᣦᑟᩍဨࠊ๪ᣦᑟ
ᩍဨࠊࣉࣟࢢࣞࢫᢸᙜᩍဨࠊࡑࢀ࡜ᣦᑟ⿵ຓࡢ㸲ྡࡢᩍဨࡀࠊ୍ேࡢᏛ⏕ࢆᢸᙜࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠊ
ಶࠎࡢᩍဨ࡜Ꮫ⏕࡜ࡢ㠃ㄯࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ◊✲ࡢ㐍ᤖ≧ἣ࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࢔ࢻࣂ࢖ࢫࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ᪂ධ⏕ࡢ⋓ᚓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠊ௒ᖺࡣ᪂ධ⏕ࡀ☜࠿㸱ྡࡄࡽ࠸࡛ᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔ㄝ᫂఍ࢆᮾி࡛㸰ᅇࠊ࠶࡜ࡣᒸᓮ࡛⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊయ㦂ධᏛࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡣྛ
◊✲ᐊ࡟Ꮫ⏕ࡀᩘ᪥࠿ࡽ㸯㐌㛫ࡄࡽ࠸⁫ᅾࡋ࡚ࠊྛ◊✲ᐊࡢᵝᏊࢆ▱ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ ྡࡀཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡲࡓࠊᾏእ࠿ࡽࡢᏛ⏕࡟ࡶ㛛ᡞࢆ㛤ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣ࡞࠿࡞࠿እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢዡᏛ㔠ࡢᯟࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ࡚኱ኚ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅእᅜࡢᏛ⏕࡟ࡶᇶ⏕◊࠾ࡼࡧ⥲◊኱ࡢᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷࢆ▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡇ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊእᅜேྥࡅࡢ㹌㹇㹀㹀࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣥࢩࢵࣉࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᫖ᖺࡣࠊ
ࡇࢀࡣᛂເࡀᐃဨࡢಸ௨ୖ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢ୰࠿ࡽ㸳ྡࠊࢻ࢖ࢶࠊ࢚ࢪࣉࢺࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࠊ࣏
ࣝࢺ࢞ࣝࡢ᪉ࠎࢆ㑅ᢥࡋ࡚ࠊྜィ࡛ 㐌㛫ཷࡅධࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ⥆࠸࡚௚኱Ꮫ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫࡢ⌮Ꮫ㒊࣭㎰Ꮫ㒊ࡀࠊ⌧ᅾࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ㹁㹍㹃࡛ࠊ㏆⸨ඛ⏕࡜ᯇᒸඛ⏕ࡀ௦⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣྜྠࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ
࣒࢘࡟ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࠿ࡽᩍဨ࣭Ꮫ⏕ࡀཧຍࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ி኱࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᡤ㛗ࡢ᪉࠿ࡽ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
− 204 −

㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 㸰㸧ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊி኱ࡢ⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉࡜ᇶ⏕◊ࠊࡉࡽ࡟ศᏊ◊ࡢ⥲◊኱⏕࠾ࡼࡧ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡀࠊྜྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆࡸࢁ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊி኱⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉㛗ࡢྜྷᕝඛ⏕࡜ศᏊ◊ࡢ኱ᓟᡤ㛗࡜⚾ࡀ஫࠸࡟ಶேⓗ࡟ぶࡋ࠸㛵ಀࡔࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊヰࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛ࠊ௒ᖺࡢ㸰᭶ 㹼 ᪥ࡢ㸰᪥㛫ࠊி኱ࡢ⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉ࡢ୰࡟࡛ࡁࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸ᘓ≀࡛Ἡࡲࡾࡀࡅࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ
࣒࢘ࢆࡸࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ⚾࡝ࡶࡣཧຍࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊⱝᡭࡢຓᩍ௨ୗࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡶྵࡵࡓேࡓࡕ
ࡀࠊ࠾஫࠸࡟஺ὶࡋࠊࡲࡓ⥆ࡅ࡚ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⏕≀Ꮫ࡜໬Ꮫ࠾ࡼࡧ≀⌮Ꮫ࡜࠸ࡗࡓศ㔝ࡢேࡓࡕࡀ࠾஫࠸࡟ヰࢆࡍࡿᶵ఍࡜ࡋ࡚⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲ
ࡍࠋ ࡲࡓࠊඃ⚽࡞Ꮫ⏕ࢆ㞟ࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᆏ㔝ࡉࢇࡀ୍᫖ᖺࡢホ౯఍㆟࡛ࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡣᑠᅇࡾࡀ฼ࡃࡢࡔ࠿ࡽᅜእࡢ኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽඃ⚽࡞Ꮫ⏕ࢆ✚ᴟⓗ࡟㞟ࡵࡿດຊࢆࡏࡼ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ
࢖ࣥࢻࡢ኱Ꮫ࡜㐃ᦠࡋ࡚Ꮫ⏕ࢆເ㞟ࡋ࡚ࡃࡿ࡞࡝ࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㈝⏝ⓗ࡟ࡶ࡞࠿࡞࠿㞴ࡋ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢇ࡞࡟኱つᶍ࡟ࡣ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ࡶ࠺㸯Ⅼࠊゝ࠸ᛀࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡢᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣ (8 ࡢࢢࣛࣥࢺ࡛ࠊ͆(UDVPXV0XQGXV-RLQW'RFWRUDO3URJUDPLQ3ODQW6FLHQFHV͇࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡣ࣮ࣚࣟ
ࢵࣃࡢ኱య  ಶࡢ኱Ꮫ࡜ࠊ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ࢖ࣥࢻࡶྵࡵࡓ୕ࡘ࠿ᅄࡘࡢ኱Ꮫ࡜ࡢ㛫࡛኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡢ஺ὶࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ᛂເࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡓࡔࠊࡲࡔࡇࢀࡣ᥇ᢥࡣࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ
 ࠶࡜ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡣࢳ࣮ࣗࣜࢵࣄ኱Ꮫࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊࡸࡣࡾ (8 ࡛ࠊ͆,QWHUQDWLRQDO3RVWGRF
)HOORZVKLS3URJUDPLQ3ODQW6FLHQFHV͇࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡕࡽࡣ᥇ᢥࡉࢀࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟
㐠Ⴀࡍࡿ࠿ࢆ௒⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࡛ࡍࡀࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔㛵ಀࡢࡇ࡜
࡛ࡈ㉁ၥ➼ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡽ࡝࠺ࡒࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ൅ࡣ⤒῭ⓗ࡞ᨭ᥼ࡢᐇែࢆ▱ࡾࡓ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ௒ࠊᇶ⏕◊࡟ධࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕࡟ᖺ㛫 ୓ࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠊࡇࡢ࠾㔠ࡣ୍య࡝ࡇ࠿ࡽ᮶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ࡇࢀࡣ⥲◊኱࠿ࡽࡢᑓᨷ࡬ࡢ㓄ศ⤒㈝ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊᇶ♏ே௳㈝࠿ࡽ࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ⿵㊊ࡋࡲࡍࡀࠊཷクᏛ⏕㸦≉ูඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ဨ㸧࡟ࡶฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࡢ㈈※ࡣ㐠Ⴀ㈝஺௜㔠࡛ࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࡶ࠺㸯Ⅼࠊ㹌㹇㹀㹀ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣥࢩࢵࣉࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࠊ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣥࢩࢵࣉ
ไᗘ࡛ᅜእ࠿ࡽ᮶ࡿ␃Ꮫ⏕࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊᏛ㒊㸲ᖺ⏕ࡀ᮶࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
− 205 −

㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ≺࠸ࡣ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡢ☜ಖ࡛ࠊཷ㦂ࢆࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡔ࠿ࡽᮏᙜࡣ㸲ᖺ࡛ཷ㦂ྍ⬟࡞ேࡀᑐ㇟ࠊࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡼࡡࠋ
㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ᪤࡟኱Ꮫ㝔࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠊࢻࢡࢱ࣮ࢥ࣮ࢫ࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᏛ⏕ࡉࢇࡶ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊᐇ㝿࡟᮶࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࡾ࡜࠸࠺ࢣ࣮ࢫࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡇࡢ㈝⏝ࡣ࡝ࡇ࠿ࡽ㸽㸦ୖ㔝㸧 ࡇࢀࡣ㐠Ⴀ㈝஺௜㔠࡜⥲◊኱ࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺ࡛ࡍࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ࡇࢀࡣ⥲◊኱࡛ࡍࠋ⥲◊኱࡛඲Ꮫ஦ᴗ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋ࡚ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ඲Ꮫ஦ᴗࡢ୰࡟࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀ୍࡛㒊ࡸࡗ࡚ࡶࡽࡗ࡚ࠊ㊊ࡾ࡞࠸ศࢆ㐠Ⴀ㈝஺௜㔠࠿ࡽࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡲࡓࠊ᭱ᚋ࡟ࡶࡋ኱Ꮫ㝔࡟እᅜ࠿ࡽ᮶ࡓሙྜ࡟ࠊࡑࡢேࡓࡕ࡟ዡᏛ㔠ࢆฟࡍᯟࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ
࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋከศࡑࡇࡀእᅜேࡀ᮶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡢࠊࡍ࡭࡚ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ẽࡀࡋࡲࡍࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ࡑࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛ࠊ௒ࡣ኱౑㤋᥎⸀࡛᮶ࡿሙྜ࡜ࠊࡑࢀ࡜⥲◊኱ࡢ኱Ꮫ᥎⸀ࠋࡓࡔࠊ⥲◊኱ࡢ኱Ꮫ᥎⸀ࡣࠊ ᖺ࡟୍㐢ࡄࡽ࠸ࡋ࠿᮶ࡲࡏࢇࠋ࠶࡜ࡣ㐣ཤ㸳ᖺ㛫ࡣ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ≉ูᯟࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᑓ
ᨷᙜࡓࡾ㸯ྡࠊ␃Ꮫ⏕࡟ᅜ㈝␃Ꮫ⏕࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᯟࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀ࡛㸯ᖺ⨨ࡁࡄࡽ࠸࡛ࠊ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᅜ㈝እ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ࡯࠿ࡢ㑇ఏ◊࡜⏕⌮◊ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀᕤኵࢆࡋ࡚ࠊከศ
ࡶ࠺୍ேศࡄࡽ࠸ࡎࡘࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡡࠊࡣ࠸ࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࠸࠸እᅜேࡢ␃Ꮫ⏕ࢆ࿧ࡪࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊከศࡑࢀࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࡢࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ൅ࡽ
ࡶእᅜேࡢ␃Ꮫ⏕ࢆࠊఱ࡜࠿࠸࠸Ꮫ⏕ࢆ᥇ࢁ࠺࡜࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣥࢩࢵࣉࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊࠕ875,3ࠖ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚⌮Ꮫ㒊࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ୍ᛂࠊᑐ㇟ࡣᾏእࡢ␃Ꮫ⏕ࠋ୍ᛂ㸲ᖺ⏕࠶ࡓࡾࠊ኱య㸲ᖺ⏕࠿㸱ᖺ⏕ࡢ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿ࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ⤖ᵓ࠾㔠ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ ྡࡄࡽ࠸ẖᖺ᮶࡚࠸࡚ࠊ
࢚࣮ࣝࡸࣁ࣮ࣂ࣮ࢻࠊࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪࠊ໭ி኱Ꮫ࡞࡝࡛ࡍࠋࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪ࡞࡝ࡣࡓࡃࡉࢇ᮶࡚ࠊఱே
ࡶⴠ࡜ࡍ࡜࠸࠺᱁ዲ࡛ࠊಸ⋡ࡶࡑࡇࡑࡇ㧗࠸ឤࡌ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ኱య㸴㐌㛫ࡢࡶࡢࢆࡸࡗ࡚ࠊ௒ᖺ
࠿ࡽࡑࡢ୰࡛ᡂ⦼ඃ⚽ࡔࡗࡓ⪅࡟ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔ࢆࡶࡋཷࡅࡓሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊዡᏛ㔠ࢆฟࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࠋ
ࡑࢀࡣ㐠Ⴀ㈝஺௜㔠ࡢ◊✲⛉㛗⿢㔞⤒㈝࠿ࡽฟࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡼ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆጞࡵࡼ࠺࡜
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
− 206 − ࠺ࡲࡃ࠸ࡃ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡣࡼࡃศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᮏᙜ࡟௒ᖺ࠿ࡽࡢヨࡳ࡛ࠊ࡜࡟࠿ࡃ࠾㔠࡜࢝ࢵࣉࣝࡋ࡞࠸㝈ࡾࠊ࠸࠸Ꮫ⏕ࡀ᥇ࢀ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࡋࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࡸࡣࡾ୍ᗘࡇࡕࡽ࡟᮶࡚ࡶࡽࡗ࡚ࠊࡕࡷࢇ࡜ぢ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓୖ࡛᮶࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓேࡢ᪉ࡀࠊᐃ╔⋡ࡀ㧗࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ୍ᛂࡑࢀࢆ࢝ࢵࣉࣝࡉ
ࡏ࡚ࡸࡗ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺࡜ࠋ875,3 ࡣཤᖺ࠿ࡽࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔࡜࢝ࢵࣉࣝࡉࡏࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡢ
ࡣࠊ௒ᅇ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡍࠋ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣥࢩࢵࣉࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࢆࡸࡿࡢ࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡶ࠺ᑡࡋᗈࡃ㞟ࡵࡓୖ࡛ࠊዡ
Ꮫ㔠࡜ࡶࡋ࢝ࢵࣉࣝࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ࠊ࠸࠸Ꮚࡀ᮶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡜ᑡࡋᛮ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ࡓࡔࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿㞴ࡋࡃ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡣྠࡌ◊✲⛉ࡢ୰࡛㑇ఏᏛᑓᨷ࡛ࡣࠊேᩘࢆ࠿࡞ࡾከࡃ  ྡ௨ୖ᥇ࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊࡑࢀ࡛ཷ㦂⏕ࡶከ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊୖࡢ᪉ࡢᏛ⏕ࡀࡸࡣࡾࡳࢇ࡞࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࡟⾜ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ௒ᖺᗘࡶ≉ูᯟ࡛㸰ྡ᥇ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㸯ྡ᥇ᢥᚋ࡟ᢤࡅ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡾࠊ࠶ࡿ
࠸ࡣཤᖺࡶࡑࢀ࡛ᢤࡅ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡾࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 㨩ຊࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡽ᮶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡼࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ࡑ࠺࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡼࡡࠋࡑࡇࡢఱ࠿㨩ຊ࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊ࠸࠸Ꮫ⏕ࡀᐃ╔ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࠊᮾி኱Ꮫ
ࡢࢿ࣮࣒ࣂ࣮ࣜࣗ௨እࡢఱ࠿᪉⟇ࡣ࡞࠸࡛ࡍ࠿ࡡࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ከศ≀⌮ࡔ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ≀⌮ࡣከศୡ⏺࡛㸯➼㈹ࡸ㸰➼㈹ࡔ࡜ࠊᙼࡽࡣᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽࠊ
ࡔ࠿ࡽከศࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪ࡞࡝࠿ࡽ᮶ࡿேࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾࣇ࢓ࢩࣜࢸ࢕࣮ࡸࠊᮾ኱ࡢ≀⌮ࡢࣇ࢓ࢩࣜࢸ࢕
࣮ࠊ࠶࡜ࡣࡍࡤࡿ࡞࡝ࡶᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡋࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛᮶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡡࠋ&(51 ࡞࡝ࡢඹྠ◊✲ࡶࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡋࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊࡸࡣࡾ⏕≀Ꮫ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࡝࠺࠿࡞࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ≀⌮ࡢࣞ࣋ࣝࡔ࡜ࠊୡ⏺ⓗ࡟࠸࠸኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽ᮶ࡲࡍࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊࡸࡣࡾ⏕≀ࡣ௒ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡑ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸
ࡢ࡛ࠊఱ࡜࠿ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ㸦ぢᏛ㸧 ᮾ኱ࡢሙྜࡣࠊእᅜࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡀ᮶࡚ࠊᤵᴗ࡞࡝ࡣ඲㒊ⱥㄒ࡛ᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚࠾ࡽ
ࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ໬Ꮫ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢᤵᴗࡣࡶ࠺඲㒊ⱥㄒ࡛ࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦ぢᏛ㸧 ி኱ࡶࠊ⚾ࡢᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉࡛ࡣࠊࡔ࠸ࡪእᅜேࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡀቑ࠼࡚ࡁࡓ
ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊእᅜேᏛ⏕⏝ࡢ୍㒊ࡢᤵᴗࢆ㝖࠸࡚ከࡃࡢᤵᴗ࡛ࡣࠊእᅜேࡀ⫈ㅮࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࡶࡲࡔ᪥ᮏ
ㄒࡢᤵᴗࢆࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࠊࢫࣛ࢖ࢻࡣⱥㄒ࡛సࢀ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࡛ࡶ⤖ᒁࠊ༑ศ࡞ෆᐜࡢ࢖
ࣥࣇ࢛࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡣᥦ౪࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࡶࡋཷࡅධࢀࡿ࡜ࡋࡓࡽࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ⪃࠼࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅ
ࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡞࡜ࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ୍ᛂࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷ࡛ࡣᅜ㝿኱Ꮫ㝔ࢥ࣮ࢫࢆ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚≉ูᯟ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊእᅜேࡢᏛ⏕ࡀ࠸ࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣⱥㄒ࡛ᤵᴗࢆࡸࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᩍ
ဨ࡟࠾㢪࠸ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

− 207 −

㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 እᅜேࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕࡟㨩ຊⓗ࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡶࡕࢁࢇㅮ⩏ࡸࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮ࡣ඲㒊ࠊⱥㄒ࡟ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊ࠶࡜ࡣ஦ົ࡛ࡍࡼࡡࠋ஦ົ㛵ಀࡢࡇ࡜ࡀⱥㄒ࡛ࢫ࣒࣮ࢬ࡟ື࠿࡞࠸࡜ࡸ
ࡣࡾ㥏┠࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋᬽࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࠿ࡽࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊ࠺ࡕࡶ⚾ࡢ᭱ึࡢᏛ⏕ࡀࢠࣜࢩࣕ࠿ࡽ᮶ࡓே
࡛ࠊḟࡣ௒᮶࡚࠸ࡿேࡀࢱࣥࢨࢽ࢔ࡢே࡛ࠊࡑࢀࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚஦ົ᪉ࡀࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞࠾▱ࡽࡏࡸド᫂᭩Ⓨ⾜࡞࡝ࠊࡍ࡭࡚ࢆⱥㄒ࡟ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡶࡢࡍࡈ࠸ⱞປࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀࢆࡸࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࠊᮏᙜ
࡟ࡣᐃ╔ࡋ࡞࠸࡛ࡍࡡࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑࢀࡣࡶ࠺ᨵⰋࡉࢀࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࡔ࠸ࡪᨵⰋࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࠶࡜ࡣ㝔⏕ࡢ୍ேࡀఱ࠿࠾㔠ࢆᡶࡗ࡚ࢳ࣮ࣗ
ࢱ࣮ࢆࡸࡿࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺㸽 ࡑ࠺࠸࠺࠾㔠ࡀฟࡲࡍࡼࡡࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ⥲◊኱ࡣࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࠼࠼ࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡔ࠸ࡪࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋ ࠶࡜ࡣᤵᴗࢆⱥㄒ࡛ࡸࡿ࡜ࠊึࡵ࡚⪺ࡃヰࢆ᪥ᮏேࡀⱥㄒ࡛⪺࠿ࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࠊศ࠿ࡾ࡟ࡃ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ
࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ⤖ᒁ⚾ࡣࡕࡷࢇࡱࢇ࡛ࡸࡿࡋ࠿࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࢫࣛ࢖ࢻࡣ඲㒊ࠊⱥㄒ࡛సࡗ࡚ⱥㄒ࡛ࡋ
ࡷ࡭ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡋࡻࡗࡕࡹ࠺⾡ㄒ࡞࡝ࡑ࠺࠸࠺⣽࠿࠸ヰࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡶ୍⥴࡟௜ࡅࡓࡾࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡇ
ࡕࡽྥࡅ࡟ࡣ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ᑡࡋࡋࡷ࡭ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࡇࡕࡽྥࡅ࡟ࡣⱥㄒ࡛ࡎࡗ࡜㏻ࡋ࡚࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ୧
᪉ࡸࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࠊࡸࡣࡾ᪥ᮏேᏛ⏕ࡢ⌮ゎࡢ㉁ࡀⴠࡕࡲࡍࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊࡑࡇࡣᮏᙜ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ኱Ꮫࡢ㹅㸫㹁㹍㹃࡛ࡶࠊࡸࡣࡾྠࡌࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ඲㒊୍ᛂึࡵࡣⱥㄒ࡛ጞࡵࡓࡢ࡛
ࡍࠋࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ༙ศࡀእᅜே࡛ࠊ༙ศࡀ᪥ᮏே࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ᪥ᮏேࡢᏛ⏕ࡣ඲ࡃศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸࡜࠸
࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࢆࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺⤖ᯝࡀ㏉ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ௒ࡣせࡍࡿ࡟ࠊⱥㄒ࡛༙ศࡋ
ࡷ࡭ࡗ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛༙ศࡋࡷ࡭ࡗ࡚࡜࠸࠺ࢱ࢖ࣉࡢே࡜ࠊ࠶࡜ࡣࠊࢫࣛ࢖ࢻࡣⱥㄒ࡛ࠊ᫬ࠎ⾡ㄒࡣ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ゝ࠺ேࡀ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡣᮏே࡟௵ࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡸࡣࡾ᪥ᮏேྥࡅ࡛ࠊ࠸ࡁ࡞ࡾⱥㄒ
ࡣ↓⌮࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡼࡡࠋࡔ࠿ࡽ௒ゝࢃࢀࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡑࡇࡢᑐ⟇ࡀࡍࡈࡃ㞴ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋඛ⏕᪉࡟ࡣࠊᮏᙜ࡟㈇ᢸࡀከ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡡࠋࡔ࠿ࡽせࡍࡿ࡟ෆᐜࢆ༙ศ࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊ༙ศⱥㄒ࡛ࡋࡷ࡭ࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ
༙ศ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ࡋࡷ࡭ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡉࢀࡿ᪉ࡶ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷ࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷࡢሙྜࡣࠊ൅ࡢ⪺࠸ࡓ㝈ࡾࡔ࡜ࠊⱥㄒ࡛ࡲࡿࡗࡁࡾ㏻ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿඛ⏕ࡶ࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡿࡋࠊ࠶࡜ࡣ㛗㇂ᕝඛ⏕ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡸࡾ᪉ࡢ᪉ࡶ࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡋࠊ࠶࡜ࡣ஧ࡘࢆศࡅ࡚᪥ᮏㄒ
ࡢㅮ⩏࡜ⱥㄒࡢㅮ⩏࡜୧᪉ࡸࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࡜ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀඛ⏕᪉ࡀ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁᕤኵࡣࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ
࠺࡛ࡍࡡࠋⱥㄒ࡛ᤵᴗࢆࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏேᏛ⏕ࡀศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣඹ㏻ࡢㄆ㆑࡛ࡍࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ༳ๅ≀ࡣ඲㒊ⱥᩥ࡛Ώࡍ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ๓ᥦ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡡࠋ
− 208 −

㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ㉁ၥ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ」ᩘᣦᑟయไ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊඛᑟ◊ࡶࡑ࠺࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ」ᩘᣦᑟయไ࡛࠺
ࡲࡃᅇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡲࡍ࠿ࠋ」ᩘᣦᑟయไ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽࡇࡑࠊࡇࢀ࡛࡜࡚ࡶࡼࡃ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸
࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡈឤ᝿ࡀ࠾࠶ࡾ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ࡇࢀࡣࡑࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛ࠊ」ᩘᣦᑟయไࡣ⥲◊኱ࡢ㔜せ࡞࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿
ࡇࢀࡣᐇ㉁ⓗ࡟ື࠿ࡍࡢࡀࡍࡈࡃ㞴ࡋ࠸ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡶᩍဨࡢ」ᩘᣦᑟࡢᢸᙜ⪅ࡣ࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࡑࢀࡀຠᯝⓗ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜ࠊ␲ၥ࡞࡜ࡇࢁࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ࡛ࡍࡢ
࡛ࠊᏛ⏕࡜ᩍဨࡀᚲࡎ┤᥋㠃ㄯࢆࡋ࡚ࠊ㠃ㄯࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊᏛ⏕࡜ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ
ࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀࡔࢇࡔࢇ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡃࡿ࠿࡜⪃࠼࡚ࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ヨࡳࢆ᫖ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋཤᖺ
࠿ࡽጞࡵࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ௒ᖺᗘ㸰ᅇ┠࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡀ㸳ᅇࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࡜ࠊከศ⤖ᵓᙺ࡟❧ࡘࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡔ࠿ࡽ࢜ࣈࣜࢤ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᚲࡎ㠃ㄯࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡸࡣࡾࡑࡢ◊✲ᐊࡔࡅ࡛ࡣゎỴ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ」ᩘᩍဨࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟࡞ࡗ
࡚࠸ࡲࡍ࡜௚ࡢඛ⏕᪉ࡶ▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ┦ㄯ࡟᮶࡚࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘゎỴࡍࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀᐇ㝿࡟㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ࠶ࡿẁ㝵ẁ㝵࡛ࡣຠᯝࢆୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ඛ࡯࡝⚟⏣ඛ⏕ࡀ⪺࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㹐㸿ࡢ⤒㈝࡛ᖺ㛫  ୓෇ࡀᨭ⤥ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
࡜࠸࠺ࠊࡇࢀࡣಟኈ࠿ࡽฟࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ಟኈ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡇࡢ㢠ࢆฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ᪥ᮏ࡟௒ࠊ࡝ࡢࡄࡽ࠸࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ
࡛ࡍࡼࡡࠋ࠺ࡕࡢ኱Ꮫࡶ௒ࠊከศ༤ኈ࡛  ୓෇ࡄࡽ࠸࡟ୗࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࡝ࢇ࡝ࢇ࠾㔠ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࠊࡇࢀࡔࡅฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᇶ⏕◊ࡣࠊࡍࡈࡃᐉఏࡢᮦᩱ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊ
ࡍࡈࡃᜨࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡔ࡞࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡕࡻࡗ࡜௒ࡧࡗࡃࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࡯࠿ࡢ࡜ࡇ
ࢁࡣ࡝࠺࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࠸ࡸࠊ↓⌮↓⌮ࠋ࣐ࢫࢱ࣮ࡣฟࡏ࡞࠸ࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࠺ࡕࡣࠊ࣐ࢫࢱ࣮ࡣ  ୓෇ࠋ㸦▼㔝㸧 ᇶᮏⓗ࡟൅ࡽࡣࠊ࣐ࢫࢱ࣮ࡣฟࡏ࡞࠸࡛ࡍࡼࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ୍㈏ࡋ࡚  ୓෇ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ࣐ࢫࢱ࣮ࡲ࡛ࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿ฟࡏ࡞࠸࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࡇࢀࡣ㹂㹁㸯࣭㹂㹁㸰ࢆྲྀࡗ࡚ࡶ࠶ࡆࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࠶ࡆࡲࡏࢇࠋࡑࡇࡲ࡛వ⿱ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ
− 209 −

㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࡑ࠺ࡋࡓࡽࠊ࠺ࡕࡢᏛ⏕ࡣ㹂㹁㸯ࢆྲྀࡿࡼࡾࠊࡇࢀࢆࡶࡽࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ࡀᚓࡔ࡜࠿ィ⟬ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀ࡛ఱࡔ࠿ኚ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 㹂㹁㸯ࡢ᪉ࡀࡶࡗ࡜ࡶࡽ࠼ࡿࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑࢀ࡜⛉◊㈝ࡶ௜࠸࡚࠸ࡃࡿࡋࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࡑ࠺ࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶఱ࠿࢔ࣝࣂ࢖ࢺࢆࡋ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ࡜࠿ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑࢀࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡡࠋ࢔ࣝࣂ࢖ࢺࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿேࡣ㥏┠ࠋ㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡑࢀࡣࡑ࠺ࡔࠋ
㸦㛗㇂ᕝ㸧 ࡑࢀ࡛ࡇࡍ࠸ィ⟬ࢆࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡶ࠺ᛣ㬆ࡗࡓࡢࠊ⚾㸦➗㸧ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ࡓ࡜࠼ேᩘࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊඃ⚽࡞ேࡀࡇࡢ⤒㈝࡛㞠࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡍࡈࡃ࠸࠸ࢩࢫࢸ
࣒ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊࡑࢀࡣࡶ࠺✚ᴟⓗ࡟ࠊ࠸࠸ேࢆᑡᩘ࡛㐃ࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚㘫࠼࡚࠶ࡆࡿࡢࡀࠊከศ◊✲⪅ࢆ⫱࡚ࡿ࡟ࡣ࠸࠸ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࠊࡑࡢࣂࢵࢡࢢࣛ࢘ࣥࢻࡣఱ࠿㝶ศࡑࢁࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࡢࡔ࡞࡜࠸࠺Ẽࡶࡋࡲࡍࠋ௒࡛ࡶࠊࡇࢀࡔࡅฟࡏࡿࡢࡣࡍࡈ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡇࢀࡣࠊ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ࡛ࡕࡷࢇ࡜ᐉఏࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡞ࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ୍ᛂᐉఏࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋධヨせ㡯࡟ࡶ᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡋࠊ࠶࡜ࡣ኱Ꮫ㝔ㄝ᫂఍࡛ࡶゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿᮶࡚ࡃࢀ࡞࠸࡛ࡍࠋ
− 210 −㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡲࡓ࠸ࢁ࠸
ࢁ࢔ࢻࣂ࢖ࢫࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡽࠊࡲࡓᡤ㛗ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᇶ⏕◊ࡢ᪉࡟࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡀᮏᖺᗘ࠿ࡽᴫ⟬せồ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ஦ᴗ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㈨ᩱ㸴ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ᡤ㛗ࡢ᪉࠿ࡽ࠾
ヰࡋ㢪࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸴㸬ᴫ⟬せồ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ஦ᴗ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ௒ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸஦ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㈨ᩱ㸴࡟࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࠕࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⎔ቃ㐺ᛂᡓ␎ࡢゎ᫂ࢆ┠ᣦࡍḟୡ௦ࢤࣀ࣒◊✲ࠖࡀጞࡲࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣ᫖ᖺᗘࠊ௒ᖺᗘࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡢᴫ⟬せồ࡜ࡋ࡚ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ୰࠿ࡽࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ᖾ࠸࡟᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ ┠ⓗࡣࠕ⏕࿨ࡢᮏ㉁࡜ࡶ࠸࠼ࡿ⎔ቃኚ໬࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⏕≀ࡢᛂ⟅ࢆࠊࢤࣀ࣒⛉Ꮫࢆᇶ┙࡜ࡋࡓ⥙⨶ⓗ࡞㑇ఏᏊゎᯒࡸࣂ࢖࢜࢖࣓࣮ࢪࣥࢢ࡟ࡼࡾゎ᫂ࡍࡿࠖࡇ࡜ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞◊✲ศ㔝ࢆసࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡢࡔ࡜࠸
࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋ㈨ᩱࡢࠕᖹᡂ  ᖺࡢᐇ᪋ෆᐜࠖ࡟᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡿάືࡣࠊ௒ᖺᗘ㸦ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ㸧࠿ࡽ๓ಽࡋࡋ࡚ࠊ㛤ጞࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ୍ࡘࡣࠊᡤእ◊✲⪅࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆᡤෆ࡟බ
ເࡋ࡚ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ศ㔝ࢆᣅࡃ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆᛂເࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࠋᩘ௳ࢆ㑅ࢇ࡛ࠊ◊✲㈝ࢆ㓄ศࡋࡼ࠺࡜⪃࠼࡚‽ഛࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡣᐈဨไᗘࡢά⏝࡛ࡍࠋᇶ⏕◊࡟ࡣ㸴ࡘ࡯࡝ࡢᐈဨᩍᤵࡢ◊✲ᐊࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ᫇ࡣᡤෆࡢ
ᩍᤵ࡜࡯ࡰྠࡌᚅ㐝࡛◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㐠Ⴀ஺௜㔠ࡀ࡝ࢇ࡝ࢇῶࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ
᭱㏆ࡢᩘᖺ㛫ࡣᐇ㉁ⓗ࡞◊✲άືࡀ࡞࠸≧ែ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀ࡛ࡣไᗘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࡗࡓ࠸࡞࠸
ࡋࠊࡇࡢ஦ᴗ࡛᪂ࡓ࡞ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫࡢศ㔝ࢆ㛤ᣅࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡶࠊᐈဨไᗘࢆ᚟άࡉࡏ࡚࠺ࡲࡃ౑
ࡗ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚ࠊᡤෆ࡛㆟ㄽࢆጞࡵࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋᆏ㔝ࡉࢇࡀඛ࡯࡝ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡼ࠺࡞ࠊ௒
ᾏእ࡟࠸ࡿ◊✲⪅࡟᪥ᮏ࡟᮶࡚ά㌍ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊᐃဨෆࡢ◊✲⪅࡜ࡋ࡚᥇⏝ࡍࡿࡢࡣ࡞࠿
࡞࠿㞴ࡋ࠸ࡢࡔࡅࢀ࡝ࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ᐈဨไᗘࢆ౑࠺࡜ࡼ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡣࠊඹྠ◊✲ࡢࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮ࠊ≉௵ᩍᤵࢆ㓄⨨ࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࢀ
ࡶࡎࡗ࡜ࡇࡢᩘᖺ㛫ࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺㆟ㄽࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡑ࠺࠸࠺㐺௵⪅ࡀ࠸ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠊࡇ
ࢀࡶ௒ᖺᗘ㆟ㄽࡸࢧ࣮ࢳࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ
 ࡲࡓࠊ⌧ᅾࡢᇶ⏕◊ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᡤෆࡢᑐᛂࡍࡿ◊✲ᐊࡢ୰࡛◊✲ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࡔࡗ
ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ⊂❧ࡋࡓ◊✲ሙᡤࢆ☜ಖࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊඹ㏻◊✲ᐊࢆᩚഛࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ
࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡈㄝ᫂ࡉࢀࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᴫ⟬せồࡢ඲ᅜඹྠ฼⏝ࡢඹྠᐇ᪋ศࡢ≉ู⤒㈝ࡢ୰࡛ࠊ௒ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽࡇࡢ஦ᴗࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚㐍ࡵࡽࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᇶ⏕◊࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ࡜ࡽ࠼᪉ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣඹྠ◊✲ᐊࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࢿ࣮ࢱ
࣮࡜࠸࠺᪂ࡓ࡞ヨࡳࢆࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊఱ࠿ࡈ㉁ၥ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࢔ࢻࣂ࢖ࢫࢆ࠸
ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࠶ࡾࡀࡓ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ୍ᛂ㸳ᖺ㛫ࠊ ᖺᗘࡲ࡛࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛⏦ㄳࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᮶ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ

− 211 −

๐ῶࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡣࡕࡻࡗ࡜ศ࠿ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡀࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ௒ᖺᗘศࡀ㸯൨ᩘ༓୓෇㸽㸦すᮧ㸧 ௒ᖺᗘࠊ㸯൨  ୓෇࡛ࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡔ࠿ࡽࠊ༢⣧࡟ࡶࡋྠࡌ㔠㢠ࡀ᮶ࡿ࡜ࠊ඲యࡣࡑࡢ㸳᥃ࡅ࡛㸳൨෇࡜࠿㸴൨෇࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ࡋࡤࡽࡃ㟈⅏᚟⯆㈝⏝࡞࡝ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆࡳ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᑡࡋࡎࡘィ⏬ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦⚟⏣㸧 ࡜࡚ࡶ࠸࠸࡛ࡍࡼࡡࠋ᪂ࡋ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆጞࡵࡽࢀࡿ࠾㔠࡜ࡋ࡚ࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ࡇࢀࡣࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓୖ࡛ࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡀ㉮ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟࠸࠸࡛ࡍ
ࡡࠋࡓࡔࠊࢤࣀ࣒◊✲ࡢ୍ࡘࡢᛧ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡣࠊࡸࢀࡤࡸࡿࡔࡅࢹ࣮ࢱࡣฟࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊᮏᙜ࡟ࡑࢀ
࠿ࡽ᪂ࡋ࠸ࡶࡢࢆฟࡏࡿ࠿ࡀከศ୍␒ၥ㢟࡟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
 ࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊࡇࢀࡣぢࡿࡶࡢࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟᫂☜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡋࠊከศࡇࢀ࡞ࡽࡤࡓࡔࢹ࣮ࢱࢆฟࡍ௨
ୖ࡟ࠊࡇࡇ࡛┠ⓗ࡟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ከᵝᛶࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡜࠿ఱ࡜࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡟⾜ࡅࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡜ࠋ
ࡔ࠿ࡽࠊࡑࡇࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࡢᡓ␎ࡀࡣࡗࡁࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࢀࡤࠊᮏᙜ࡟ࡇࢀࡣ࠺ࡲࡃ࠸ࡃࢤࣀ࣒ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ
࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࠋࢤࣀ࣒ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⤖ᒁ࠾㔠ࡣࡘࡂ㎸ࢇࡔࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠊ࠶ࡲࡾ
᭷ຠ࡞ᡂᯝࡀฟ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᢈุ࡜ࡋ࡚࠶ࡿࡢࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࠊᇶ⏕◊࡛ጞࡲࡿࡇࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᮏᙜ࡟ᡂᯝࡀฟࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࢤࣀ࣒ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡟
࡞ࡗ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠋ┿ࡢḟୡ௦ࢤࣀ࣒◊✲ࢆ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡡࠋ
㸦▼㔝㸧 ࢹ࣮ࢱࡀฟࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽఱࡶ┿ᐇࡀぢ࠼࡚ࡇ࡞࠸ࠊ࠿࠼ࡗ࡚ΰ஘ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡼ࠺
࡞࡜ࡇࢁࡀከ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦ぢᏛ㸧 ࡇࡕࡽࡢ≉௵ᩍᤵ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊᅜෆ࠿ࡽ࡝࡞ࡓ࠿࡟౫㢗ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ࡣ࠸ࠊࡇࡢ≉௵ᩍᤵ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣከศࠊ᪥ᮏேࡢ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ᴫ⟬せồࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡣࠊᩘᖺ㛫ࠊᇶ⏕◊࡜ࡋ࡚᪂ࡓ࡟௜࠸ࡓᴫ⟬せồࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡞࠿
ࡗࡓ୰࡛ࠊ᪂つࡢᙧ࡛➨㸰ᮇ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ึࡵ࡚ฟࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࠿࡞ࡾ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞᪂ࡋ࠸ヨࡳࢆࡋࡼ࠺࡜⪃࠼࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡲࡓࡑࡢᡂᯝ➼ࡣ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ẁ㝵࡛ࡈ㐃⤡࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓ
✚ᴟⓗ࡞ࡈពぢ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࢔ࢻࣂ࢖ࢫࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊࡶ࠺᫬㛫ࡀ㏕ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ᭱ᚋ࡟ఱ࠿࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡽࠋ
− 212 −

㸦▼㔝㸧 ୍ゝࡔࡅࠋ⤖ᒁࠊࢤࣀ࣒ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡶ࠺୍ࡘࠊ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣐ࢸ࢕ࢡࢫࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸
ࡲࡍࠋࡑࡇࡣࡸࡣࡾ࠿࡞ࡾᙉຊ࡞࡜ࡇࢁ࡜ࡸࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࠊࡑࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ࠺ࡲࡃ⏕࠿ࡏ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ከศ
࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋከศࡇࡢᶵᵓࡢ୰࡟ࡣࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓᚓព࡞࡜ࡇࢁࡀࡶࡕࢁࢇ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ
࠺ࡲࡃ⤌ࡵࡿࡢࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࡸࡣࡾࣂ࢖࢜࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣐ࢸ࢕ࢡࢫࡀᙉຊ࡞యไࡀࡘ࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜ࠊ
ຠ⋡ࡼࡃື࠿࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡞࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
㸦㛗㇂㒊㸧 ࡍࡳࡲࡏࢇࠋඛ࡯࡝ࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ୍࡛ⅬࠋධᏛ⪅ᩘ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㸳ᖺ୍㈏ไࡣ㸰ྡ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡋ࡚㸱ᖺḟ⦅ධࡀ௒ᖺ㸳ྡࠊྜィ㸵ྡ࡛ࡍࠋ㸦すᮧ㸧 ࡔ࠿ࡽࠊᑡࡋᐃဨࡼࡾࡣᑡ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡡࠋ ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊ᭱ᚋ࡟ᡤ㛗࠿ࡽࡈ࠶࠸ࡉࡘࢆ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
㸦ᒸ⏣㸧 ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊ㛗࠸㛫᫬㛫ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚ࠊ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ≉࡟▼㔝ඛ⏕ࠊᆏ㔝ඛ⏕࡜⚟⏣ඛ⏕ࡣࠊ㸲ᖺ㛫ᡤእ㐠Ⴀጤဨࢆ໅ࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁᮏᙜ࡟࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋጤဨࡢ
ᮇ㛫ࡀ⤊ࢃࡗࡓᚋࡶࠊࡲࡓࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᘬࡗᙇࡾฟࡋ࡚ࠊ኱ኚ⏦ࡋヂ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ௒ᚋࡶࡼࢁ
ࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ ぢᏛඛ⏕࡟ࡣࠊึࡵ࡚ᇶ⏕◊ࡢ⿬⾲ࢆ඲㒊▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡶࢥ࣓ࣥ
ࢺࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡃ࡞࡝ࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾㢪࠸ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࢁ࠺࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ
 ௒᪥࠾ヰࡋࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᇶ⏕◊࡟ࡣ࠺ࡲࡃ࠸ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㠃ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡋࠊᚰ㓄࡞㠃ࡶ࠶ࡿࡋࠊᅜ
ෆ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞Ἴ㢼࡟ࡉࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡸࡣࡾ࠸࠸௙஦ࢆࠊ◊✲ࢆࡋ࡚ࠊ኱Ꮫඹྠ฼⏝ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊⓙࡉࢇ࡟ࡶゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡋࠊࢃࢀࢃࢀࡶࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡟ぬᝅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡶ㡹ᙇࡗ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࡢ
࡛ࠊࡼࢁࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍࠋ௒᪥ࡣ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ
− 213 −

− 214 −６．外部点検評価アンケート結果

እ㒊Ⅼ᳨ホ౯࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ⤖ᯝ㸯㸧Ꮫ⾡◊✲࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
ᇶ⏕◊࡛ࡣࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ࡛ୡ⏺ࢆඛᑟࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ๰ᡂࠊ᥎㐍ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
ᖹᡂ 22 ᖺᗘࡢ୺࡞ᡂᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㈨ᩱ㸯ࠊᡂᯝࡢ඲ᐜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㈨ᩱ㸰㸦ᖺᗘ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃᖺ
༊ษࡾ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ⱝᖸࡢࡎࢀࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ㸧ࢆཧ↷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࠊᡤෆ◊✲⪅ࡢ◊✲Ỉ‽࡞ࡽࡧ࡟◊✲ෆᐜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡈពぢࢆ࠾⪺࠿ࡏୗࡉ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ௒ᚋ⏕≀Ꮫ࡟ࣈࣞ࢖ࢡࢫ࣮ࣝࢆࡶ
ࡓࡽࡍ◊✲ࢆ⫱࡚ࠊᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ◊✲ᡤࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞௙⤌ࡳࢆᣢࡘ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊࡈព
ぢࡀࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡽ࠾⪺࠿ࡏୗࡉ࠸ࠋ
ពぢ㸯 ㈨ᩱ 1 ࡟⧳ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚άⓎ࡟◊✲ࢆᒎ㛤ࡋࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᡂᯝࢆୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜㧗ࡃホ౯࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ≉࡟ࠊᮏ◊✲ᡤࡀྲྀࡾᢅࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ◊✲ᮦᩱࡢከᵝ࡞Ⅼࡣ௚ࡢ◊✲ᶵ㛵࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚≉➹ࡍࡿ࡭
ࡁⅬ࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ㈨ᩱ 1 ࡢ୺せ࡞ᡂᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚⤂௓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㡯┠ࡔࡅᣠ࠸ୖࡆ࡚ࡶࠊ࣓ࢲ࢝ࠊࢩࣙ࢘ࢪࣙ࢘ࣂ࢚ࠊ࣐࢘ࢫࠊࢩࣟ࢖ࢾࢼࢬࢼࠊ࣐࣓⛉᳜≀ࠊ࣑࢜࢜ࢪࣥࢥ➼࠿ࡽࡶᐜ᫆࡟᥎ᐹ࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞◊✲࡟࠾ࡅࡿከᵝᛶࡣࠊࡉࡽ
࡞ࡿᇶ⏕◊ࡢⓎ㐩࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㔜せ࡞ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᡃࡀᅜࡢᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫࡢ೺඲࡞Ⓨᒎ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶ㔜せࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᫝㠀ࠊ௒ᚋ࡜ࡶࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ከᵝᛶ࡟ᐩࢇࡔ◊✲ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡼ࠺ᮇᚅࡋࡲࡍࠋ
ពぢ㸰 ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ◊✲Ỉ‽ࡣ༑ศ࡟㧗࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ホ౯࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋࡓࡔࠊᩘ್࡟ࡘ࠸
࡚ࡣὀពࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋ㈨ᩱ㸱࡟ࡣᮏ◊✲ᡤᩍဨࡢ IF㸷௨ୖࡢ㞧ㄅ࡛ࡢබ⾲≧ἣࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ᫖ᖺᗘࡣ㸰㸮ᙅࡢㄽᩥࡀࡇࡢ◊✲ᡤ࠿ࡽⓎಙࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡲࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࣛࢫࢺ࣮࢜ࢧ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࡑࡢ◊✲ࡢ࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢸ࢕ࣈࢆྲྀࡗࡓࡶ
ࡢ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜༙ᩘ࡟ῶࡾࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡑࡢ࠺ࡕࡢ༙ᩘࡣ᪂ࡓ࡟ᮏ◊✲ᡤ࡟ຍࢃࡗࡓ᪂௵ࡢ
ᩍဨ࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ᪂௵ࡢᩍဨࡢ◊✲ࡢ୺せ࡞㒊ศࡣ௨๓ࡢᡤᒓᶵ㛵࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊᮏ◊✲ᡤ୺ᑟ࡛ୡ⏺ⓗ࡟Ⓨಙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⊂๰ⓗ࡞◊✲ࡣࡑࢀ࡯࡝ከࡃ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊIF ࡔࡅ࡛◊✲ࡢ୰㌟ࢆࡣ࠿ࡿࡇ
࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇࡀࠊIF ࠿ࡽࡣࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞◊✲ᡤࡢ≧ែࡀᾋ࠿ࢇ࡛ࡋࡲ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ
࡜ࢆᣦ᦬ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
ୖグ࡜ࡣ⿬㏉ࡋ࡟᪂ࡋࡃ╔௵ࡋࡓᩍဨࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟༑ศ࡞ᐇ⦼ࢆୖࡆ࡚࠸࡚ࠊᇶ♏
⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࢆ኱࠸࡟┒ࡾୖࡆ࡚ࡃࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

኱Ꮫࡣࠊᡭ࡜ࡶ࡞ࡾࠊሙྜ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ㊊ᡭࡲ࡜࠸࡟ࡶ࡞ࡾࠊ࡜ࡁ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞
࢔࢖ࢹ࢔ࡢ※࡜ࡶ࡞ࡿᏛ⏕࡜࠸࠺◊✲⪅ࡢ༸ࢆᢪ࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊ◊✲ᡤࡣᏛ⏕ࡢᩘࡣ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊ኱Ꮫ࡜㐪ࡗ࡚ࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢᩘ࡟ࡣᜨࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ
ᩍ⫱࡟࠿ࡅࡿ᫬㛫ࡣ◊✲ᡤࡢ᪉ࡀᅽಽⓗ࡟ᑡ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡶᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
⚾ࡣࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ◊✲ᡤࡢ≉㉁ࢆ⏕࠿ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡢᵓ㐀໬ࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ࡜ᛮ࠸

アンケートで使用した資料１〜資料３は、本誌223ページ以降を参照。

− 217 −

ࡲࡍࠋ◊✲ᐊ㛫࡛ࡢ஺ὶࡢάⓎ໬ࠊୡ⏺ࡢ◊✲ࡢ➨୍ே⪅ࡀ◊✲ᡤ࡟ࡸࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊ
ᖖ࡟ୡ⏺ࡢ➨୍⥺ࢆព㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞⎔ቃࢆసࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦ࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋពぢ㸱 ᮦᩱࠊ⌧㇟ࠊᡭἲࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆಖࡕࡘࡘࠊಶࠎ࡟ࡣከᑡࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ඲
య࡜ࡋ࡚㧗࠸Ỉ‽ࡢᇶ♏◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊ
ࠕࡇࡢศ㔝࡞ࡽᇶ⏕◊ࠖ࡜ୡ⏺ⓗ࡟ㄆ▱ࡉࢀࡿ㡿ᇦࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࡶᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ⌧≧ࡢつᶍ࡛⥙⨶ᛶ࡜≉␗ᛶࢆ୧❧ࡉࡏࡿᅔ㞴ࡉࡶ༑ศ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢண⟬ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࠊ
ᇶ┙ⓗ࡛Ἴཬຠᯝࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ኱つᶍ࡟⵳✚࣭ᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤྍ
⬟࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ
ඃࢀࡓಶู◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾᚲせ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ㛫ࡢ༠ຊ㛵ಀࡶసࡽࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ㛫࡛ࡢࡼࡾᛮ࠸ษࡗࡓⓎ᝿࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ⼥ྜࢆ⾜࠺஦࡟ࡼࡾࣈࣞ࢖ࢡࢫ࣮ࣝࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡲࡓࠊᡤෆࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᥦ
᱌࡟ᑐࡋ࡚➇தⓗ࡞◊✲㈝ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ௙⤌ࡳࢆసࡗ࡚ࡣ࡝࠺࠿ࠋ

㸰㸧ඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
ᖹᡂ 22 ᖺᗘ࡟ࡣࠊ๓ᖺᗘ࡟ᨵ⤌࣭タ⨨ࡋࡓ⏕≀ᶵ⬟ゎᯒࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᡤᒓࡢ᭱ඛ➃ᶵჾࡢඹྠ
฼⏝ᐇ㦂ࢆ᪂つ࡟Ⓨ㊊ࡉࡏࡿ࡞࡝ࠊඹྠ฼⏝◊✲ࢆ඘ᐇࡉࡏࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊྠࡌࡃ๓ᖺᗘ
࡟ᨵ⤌࣭タ⨨ࡋࡓࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡛ࡣࠊ࣓ࢲ࢝ཬࡧ࢔ࢧ࢞࢜ࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࡢᥦ
౪ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚◊✲⪅ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࡟ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㈨ᩱ㸯࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡇࢀࡽࡢ
άື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡈពぢࢆ࠾⪺࠿ࡏୗࡉ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ௒ᚋࠊ኱Ꮫඹྠ฼⏝ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚ᇶ⏕◊ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊࡈពぢࡀࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡽ࠾⪺࠿ࡏୗࡉ࠸ࠋ
ពぢ㸯 ᫖ᖺᗘ࡟Ⓨ㊊ࡉࢀࡓࠕḟୡ௦ '1$ ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢧ࣮ඹྠ฼⏝ᐇ㦂ࠖࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ඹ↔Ⅼ㢧ᚤ㙾ࠊ⏕≀Ⓨග㢧ᚤ㙾ࠊ㉥እ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ㄏᑟ㢧ᚤ㙾 IR-L E G O ➼ࡢඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⏦ㄳᩘࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟ከࡃࠊ◊✲⪅ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࡟ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ
ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᇶ⏕◊ࡢ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊᴟࡵ࡚ྜ⮴ࡋࡓ㔜せ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ࣓ࢲ࢝ࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࡢᥦ౪ࡶᙜヱࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᗈࡃᾐ㏱
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⏦ㄳᩘࡢከࡉ࠿ࡽࡶఛ࠼ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞᫬௦࡟࣐ࢵࢳࡋࡓྲྀࡾ
⤌ࡳࢆ௒ᚋ࡜ࡶ⥆ࡅࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᮇᚅࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
ពぢ㸰 ⚾ࡣࠊࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀ࠊ≉࡟࣓ࢲ࢝࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡀࡑࡢ࣍ࢫࢺ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊ
ඹྠ฼⏝ᐇ㦂ࡢሙ࡜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ⛉Ꮫࡢ㐍ᒎ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶ◊✲ᡤࡢࣉࣞࢮࣥࢫࢆ㧗ࡵࡿୖ࡛ࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟ᡂຌ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡍࡲ
ࡍࡢ௙᥃ࡅࢆᮇᚅࡋࡓ࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ
኱Ꮫඹྠ฼⏝ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢไᗘࡣ༑ศ࡟ᩚࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ⏕≀⣔࡛ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ไᗘࢆࡶࡘ◊✲᪋タࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࡇࡢไᗘࡣ᫝㠀ṚᏲࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜
⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋඹྠ◊✲ࡢ⏦ㄳᩘࡣ⚾ࡀ㐠Ⴀጤဨ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠿ࡽ࡛ࡶ࠿࡞ࡾቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡼ

− 218 −

࠺࡟ឤࡌࡲࡍࡢࡀࠊࡑࢀ࡛ࡶࠊ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢ⏦ㄳࡀ㏻ࡿࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣ࡛ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊࡶ࠺ᑡ
ࡋ➇தⓗ࡟࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᕤኵࡀᚲせ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋ
ඹྠ◊✲ࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊᮏ⮬ศࡢ◊✲ᐊ࡟࠸ࡓᏛ⏕࣭ࢫࢱࢵࣇࡀ௚ࡢ◊✲ᶵ㛵࡟⛣ࡗ࡚ࡑࡢᚋࡶඹྠ◊✲ࢆ⥆ࡅࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊඹྠ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚᪑㈝ࢆ⏦ㄳࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡀከࠎぢࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ⚾ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡣඹྠ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚◊✲ᡤࡀ᪑㈝ࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡋ࡞࠸᪉ࡀ
ࡼ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ኱Ꮫ࡛ࡶࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢣ࣮ࢫࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡀࠊࡑࢀ
ࡣಶேಶேࡢ◊✲㈝࡛⾜࠺࡭ࡁࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞஦౛ࡀ࿘㎶࠿ࡽࡳ࡚ࠊඹྠ◊✲ࡣ㌟ෆ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ඲ࡃࡢእ㒊ࡣᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡛ࡣඹྠ◊✲ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡞㢼ホࢆ࿧ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ពぢ㸱 ⌧≧࡛༑ศ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋ⤌⧊࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲ࡢ㔜せᛶࡣ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊಶࠎࡢ◊✲⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣ㈇ᢸࡶ኱ࡁ࠸ࡣࡎ࡛ࠊ⫢ᚰࡢಶࠎࡢ◊✲ࡢ㐙⾜࡟ᝏᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿᠱᛕࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

㸱㸧ᅜ㝿㐃ᦠཬࡧᗈሗ࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
ḢᕞศᏊ⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ(EMBL)ࠊ࣐ࢵࢡࢫࣉࣛࣥࢡ᳜≀⫱✀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊࢸ࣐ࢭࢡ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊࣉࣜࣥࢫࢺࣥ኱Ꮫ࡞࡝ࡢᾏእࡢ୺せ◊✲ᶵ㛵࡜㐃ᦠࡋᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡲࡋ
ࡓࠋࡲࡓᕷẸࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡋࡓ୍⯡බ㛤࡛ࡣከᩘࡢ᮶ሙ⪅ࢆ㏄࠼ࡲࡋࡓࠋ㈨ᩱ㸯࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡇ
ࢀࡽࡢάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡈពぢࢆ࠾⪺࠿ࡏୗࡉ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ௒ᚋࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡣᅜ㝿㐃ᦠཬࡧ♫఍࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ࡟㛵ࢃࡿᗈሗάືࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㐍ࡵࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊࡈពぢࡀࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡽ࠾⪺࠿ࡏୗࡉ࠸ࠋពぢ㸯 ㈨ᩱ 1 ࡟グ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᅜ㝿㐃ᦠཬࡧᗈሗ࡟㛵ࡍࡿάືࢆᣏぢࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࡇࡢศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟άⓎ࡟άືࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
ࡣࠊ◊✲ࡢ㐍ᒎࢆ⪃࠼ࡓሙྜ࡛ࡶࡑࡢ㔜せᛶࡣ⡆༢࡟⣡ᚓ࡛ࡁࡲࡍࡀࠊࠕ♫఍࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᚲࡎࡋࡶࡑࡢ㛵㐃ࡣ᫂☜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㒊ศࡀ࠶ࡿࡢࡣྰࡵ
࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ◊✲ࡶ⛯㔠ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ♫఍࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࠖ
࡜࠸࠺Ⅼࡶ࡞࠸ࡀࡋࢁ࡟ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࠊᇶ⏕◊ࡢࡈດຊ࡟㢌ࡢୗࡀࡿᛮ࠸࡛ࡍࠋពぢ㸰 ḢᕞศᏊ⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ(EMBL)ࠊ࣐ࢵࢡࢫࣉࣛࣥࢡ᳜≀⫱✀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊࢸ࣐ࢭࢡ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊࣉࣜࣥࢫࢺࣥ኱Ꮫ࡞࡝࡜ࡢᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲ࡸࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡣ኱ኚ᭷ຠ
ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ≉࡟ࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᭱ඛ➃ࡢᢏ⾡࣭࢔࢖ࢹ࢔࣭ࣜ
ࢯ࣮ࢫ࡞࡝ࢆୡ⏺࡟ᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃୖ࡛ࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞༠ຊࡣ᭷ຠᡭẁࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋ♫఍࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ࡟ࡘ࡚ࡶ༑ศ࡞άືࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋᅜ㝿㐃ᦠཬࡧᗈሗ࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ༑ศ࡞ᐇ⦼ࢆ࠶ࡆࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋࡓࡔࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡣࡑࢀ࡯࡝኱ࡁ࡞◊✲ᡤ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ࠶ࡲࡾከᒱ࡟ࢃ

− 219 −

ࡓࡾάືࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ◊✲ࡢຎ໬ࢆᣍࡃᜍࢀࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ௒ᚋࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ㔜せ࡞άືࢆᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ࿘ᅖࡢ኱Ꮫ➼ࡢ◊✲ᶵ㛵ࡢᩍဨࢆ࠺ࡲࡃᕳࡁ㎸ࢇ࡛ࠊᐇ㝿ࡢ㐠Ⴀࢆ⤌ࡳ❧࡚࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋពぢ㸱 ⌧≧࡛༑ศ࡞ດຊࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋ㸯㸧࡟グ㍕ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡞ᇶ⏕◊࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㔜Ⅼ㡿ᇦࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡼࡾຠᯝⓗ࡞ඹྠ◊✲ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ
ᗈሗάືࡶ◊✲⪅ࡀ┤᥋㛵ࢃࡿ࡜㈇ᢸࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ᭱ప㝈ࡢ᝟ሗᥦ౪࡟࡜࡝
ࡵࠊ࠶࡜ࡣእ㒊ጤク୍࡛⯡ྥࡅၨⵚᮏࠊᏛᰯᩍ⫱ࡢᩍᮦࠊHP ࠿ࡽ୍⯡ྥࡅ᝟ሗⓎಙ➼ࢆ⾜࠺࡜ࡼ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋከᑡ㈝⏝ࡣ࠿࠿ࡿࡀࠊ◊✲ဨࡢ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣅࢸ࢕࣮ࢆ๐ࡄ
ࡼࡾࡣ㈝⏝ᑐຠᯝࡢⅬ࡛ඃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

㸲㸧᪂㡿ᇦࡢ㛤ᣅ࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫศ㔝࡛௒ᚋⓎᒎࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿศ㔝࡛ࡢ◊✲⪅ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ᙧᡂࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚㛤ദࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⏕≀Ꮫᅜ㝿㧗➼ࢥࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫ㸦OBC㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ➨㸶ᅇࡢ㛤ദ‽ഛࢆࡋࡲࡋ
ࡓࡀࡇࡢࡓࡧࡢ㟈⅏࡟ࡼࡾᘏᮇࢆవ൤࡞ࡃࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ୍᫖ᖺᗘ㛤ദࡢ➨㸵ᅇ OBC
࡛ࡢ◊✲Ⓨ⾲ࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡓᅜ㝿Ꮫ⾡㞧ㄅࡢ≉㞟ྕࡀฟ∧ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ㈨ᩱ㸯࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡇࢀ
ࡽࡢάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡈពぢࢆ࠾⪺࠿ࡏୗࡉ࠸ࠋࡲࡓ௒ᚋࠊ᪂㡿ᇦࡢ㛤ᣅ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᇶ⏕◊ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊࡈពぢࡀࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡽ࠾⪺࠿ࡏୗࡉ࠸ࠋ
ពぢ㸯 OBC ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊẖᖺࠊࡎ࠸ࡪࢇດຊࡉࢀ࡚㛤ദࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜㧗ࡃホ౯ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ
ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊࠕ⎔ቃ࡜࢚ࣆࢪ࢙ࢿࢸ࢕ࢡࢫࠖ࡜࠸࠺ෆᐜࡣࠊᴟࡵ࡚⌧௦ⓗ࡞ࢸ࣮࣐࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᫬ᮇࢆᚓࡓ◊✲ศ㔝ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ᝟ሗ஺᥮ཬࡧウㄽࢆ⾜࠺ணᐃࡀᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏࡟ࡼࡾᘏᮇ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣṧᛕ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࢀ࡛⤊ࢃࡾ࡟࡞ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ↓࠸࡜ࠊ௒ᚋࡢᒎ㛤࡟ᮇᚅࡋࡲࡍࠋ
ពぢ㸰 Cold Spring Harbor Asia ࡀ⸽ᕞ࡛άືࢆጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ἣ࡛ࠊOBC ࡣෆ⸨࢝ࣥࣇ࢓
ࣞࣥࢫ࡞࡝࡜୪ࢇ࡛ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ᩘᑡ࡞࠸࢝ࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫ࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࣉࣞࢮࣥࢫࢆ
ಖࡘࡓࡵ࡟ࡶࠊ᫝㠀ࡑࡢάືࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋOBC ࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡢタᐃ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊእ㒊ᾏእጤဨࢆධࢀࡿ࡜࠿ࠊࡼࡾᅜ㝿໬ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᕤኵࡢవᆅࡀ࠶ࡿ
࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋ
ពぢ㸱 ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞άື⮬యࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡓࡵᶵ఍ࢆぢࡘࡅࡿ஦ࡣᐜ࡛᫆ࡣ࡞࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡀࠊࡇ
ࢀࡲ࡛༑ศ࡞ດຊࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋᇶ⏕◊ࡣྛ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ࢝ࣂ࣮ࡍࡿ㡿ᇦࡀᗈ⠊࡟ࢃࡓࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࢆ⊂⮬࡛᪂ࡓ࡞㡿ᇦࢆ㛤ᣅࡍࡿ࣏ࢸࣥࢩࣕࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶྍ⬟࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ㸯㸧࡛グ㍕ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ヨࡳ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࢖ࣥࢭ
ࣥࢸ࢕ࣈࡸᐇ⌧ࡢᶵ఍ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ௙⤌ࡳ㸦ලయⓗ࡟ࡣ◊✲㈝㸽㸧ࡀᙺ❧ࡘࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸
࠿ࠋ− 220 −

㸳㸧ⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫࡢᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫᑓᨷࡢᇶ┙ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ᩍ⫱ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ௚ࠊྡྂ
ᒇ኱Ꮫࠊி㒔኱Ꮫࠊྡྂᒇᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ࡜ᩍ⫱࣭◊✲࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㐃ᦠࢆ㐍ࡵࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᅜෆࠊ
ᅜእ࠿ࡽࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕☜ಖ࡟ດࡵࡲࡋࡓࠋ㈨ᩱ㸯࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡇࢀࡽࡢάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡈពぢࢆ࠾⪺࠿ࡏୗࡉ࠸ࠋࡲࡓ௒ᚋࠊⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᇶ⏕◊ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍ
࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊࡈពぢࡀࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡽ࠾⪺࠿ࡏୗࡉ࠸ࠋ
ពぢ㸯 ⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ࡛ࠊᢸᙜᩍဨᘏ࡭ ྡ࡛ࠊேࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔Ꮫ⏕࡟ᑐࡋࠊ ㅮ⩏ ᑓᨷࢆࡲࡓࡄඹ㏻⛉┠ࢆྵࡴ ࠊ ₇⩦࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊ㏻ᖖࡢ኱Ꮫ࡟ẚࡋ࡚኱Ꮫ㝔Ꮫ⏕࡟ྲྀࡗ࡚㠀ᖖ࡟㉕ἑ࡞⎔ቃ࡛ᩍ⫱ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ឤࡌࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ
௚኱Ꮫ࡜ࡢྜྠࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮࡞࡝ࡶ✚ᴟⓗ࡟⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛ࠊࡇࡢⅬ࡛ࡶ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊᜨࡲࢀࡓᩍ⫱⎔ቃࡀ☜ಖࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ឤࡌࡲࡍࠋࡑࡢព࿡࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢᜨ
ࡲࢀࡓ⎔ቃࢆࡶࡗ࡜ከࡃࡢⱝᡭ◊✲⪅࡟ࡶᥦ౪ࡍࡿ࡭ࡃࠊࡼࡾከࡃࡢ༤ኈㄢ⛬Ꮫ⏕ࡢࣜࢡ࣮ࣝࢺࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᮇᚅࡋࡲࡍࠋ
ពぢ㸰 ྛ኱Ꮫ࡛኱Ꮫ㝔Ꮫ⏕ࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ୰࡛ࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢫࢱࣥࢫ
࡛኱Ꮫ㝔ᩍ⫱࡟㛵ࢃࡿ࠿ࡣࡁࢃࡵ࡚㞴ࡋ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᏛ⏕ࡣ᭱ඛ➃ࡢ◊✲ࡢ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ᩍ⫱ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛ࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ព࿡࡛ࡣ
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡣࡲࡉ࡟ࡑࢀ࡟ࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸᪋タ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡲࡍࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠊ⮬ಙࢆᣢࡗ࡚Ꮫ⏕ࢆ㞟ࡵࡿࡢࡀࡼ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊࢧ࣐࣮ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ࡞࡝ࡶᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ඃ⚽࡞Ꮫ⏕ࢆ㞟ࡵࡿࡢ࡟᭷ຠ࠿ࡶࡋࢀࡲࡏࢇࠋ
ពぢ㸱 ኱Ꮫ㝔ᩍ⫱࡜ࡋ࡚ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢࡈⱞປࡣ᝿ീ࡟㞴ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋ⚾ࡀᏛ⏕ࡢ᫬௦࡜㝸ୡࡢឤࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ኱Ꮫ㝔ᩍ⫱࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࡸࡴࢆᚓ࡞࠸㠃ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡀࠊ◊✲⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ᑗ᮶ᛶࡀឤࡌࡽࢀࡿᏛ⏕ࡸ࣏ࢫࢻࢡࡣᐇ㝿࡟ࡣᑡᩘ࡟㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᙼࡽࢆ᪩ᮇ࡟ぢࡘࡅฟࡋࡑࡢ⬟ຊࢆ㔜Ⅼⓗ࡟ࡢࡤࡍ௙⤌ࡳࢆసࡿࡇ࡜ࡶᚲせ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ

− 221 −

− 222 −７．外部点検評価会議および外部点検評価アンケート関連資料
資料１

平成 22 年度基礎生物学研究所実績の概要

資料２

アニュアルレポート 2010

資料３

基礎生物学研究所の概要

資料４

外部点検評価アンケート結果

資料５

特別プロジェクト一覧

資料６

平成２４年度概算要求

資料１

平成 22 年度基礎生物学研究所実績の概要（本誌 23 ページに掲載）− 225 −

− 226 −資料２

2011年６月発行
pdfファイルは、下記URLでダウンロードできます。
http://www.nibb.ac.jp/pressroom/publication.html− 227 −

− 228 −資料３

基礎生物学研究所の概要（本誌 31 ページに掲載）
P5 及び P8 については、会議及（ただし、資料中のびアンケート後に改訂したものを掲載しています ）− 229 −

− 230 −資料４

外部点検評価アンケート結果（本誌 215 ページに掲載）− 231 −

− 232 −資料５− 233 −

− 234 −資料６− 235 −

− 236 −− 237 −− 238 −８．発表論文資料
１）２０１０−２００８ 発表論文リスト
２）２０１０−２００８ プレスリリースと新聞報道             㸯㸧㸰㸮㸯㸮㸫㸰㸮㸮㸶Ⓨ⾲ㄽᩥࣜࢫࢺ
㧗ḟ⣽⬊ᶵᵓ㸦すᮧ◊㸧2010 ᖺ
K anai, M., Nishimura M., and Hayashi, M. (2010). A peroxisomal A B C transporter promotes seed germination
by inducing pectin degradation under the control of ABI5. Plant J. 62, 936-947.
Nakamura, S., Mano, S., Tanaka, Y ., Ohnishi, M., Nakamori, C., Araki, M., Niwa, T., Nishimura, M.,
K aminaka, H., Nakagawa, T., Sato, Y ., and Ishiguro, S. (2010). Gateway binary vectors with the bialaphos
resistance gene, bar, as a selection marker for plant transformation. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 74,
1315-1319.
Shirakawa, M., Ueda, H., Shimada, T., Koumoto, Y ., Shimada, T.L., Kondo, M., Takahashi, T., Okuyama,
Y ., Nishimura, M., and Hara-Nishimura, I. (2010). Arabidopsis Qa-SN A RE SYP2 proteins localized todifferent subcellular regions function redundantly in vacuolar protein sorting and plant development. Plant J. 64,
924-935.
Takahashi, K ., Shimada, T., Kondo, M., Tamai, A ., Mori, M., Nishimura, M., and Hara-Nishimura, I. (2010).
Ectopic expression of an esterase, which is a candidate for the unidentified plant cutinase, causes cuticulard efects in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol. 51, 123-131.

2009 ᖺ
A ya, K ., Ueguchi-Tanaka, M., Kondo, M., Y ano, K ., Nishimura, M., and Matsuoka, M. (2009). Gibberellin
modulates anther development in rice via the transcriptional regulation of G A M Y B. Plant Cell 21, 1453-1472.
Corpas, J.F., Hayashi, M., Mano, S., Nishimura, M., and Barroso, B.J. (2009). Peroxisomes are required for invivo nitric oxide (N O) accumulation in the cytosol following salinity stress of Arabidopsis plants. Plant Physiol.
151, 2083-2094.
Fujimoto, M,. Arimura, S., Mano, S., Kondo, M., Saito, C., Ueda, T., Nakazono, M., Nakano, A ., Nishimura,M., and Tsutsumi, N. (2009). Arabidopsis dynamin-related proteins DRP3A and DRP3B are functionally
redundant in mitochondrial fission but have distinct roles in peroxisomal fission. Plant J. 58, 388-400.
Hatsugai, N., Iwasaki, S., Tamura, K ., Kondo, M., Fuji, K ., Ogasawara, K ., Nishimura, M., andHara-Nishimura, I. (2009). A novel membrane fusion-mediated plant immunity plant proteasome subunit
mediates a novel defense strategy against bacterial pathogens. Genes Dev. 23, 2496-2506.

㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧K amigaki, A ., Kondo, M., Mano, S., Hayashi, M., and Nishimura, M. (2009). Suppression of peroxisomebiogenesis factor 10 reduces cuticular wax accumulation by disrupting the ER network in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Plant Cell Physiol. 50, 2034-2046.
Momonoi, K ., Yoshida, K ., Mano, S., Takahashi, H., Nakamori, C., Shoji, K ., Nitta, A ., and Nishimura, M.
(2009). A vacuolar iron transporter in tulip, TgV it1, is responsible for blue coloration in petal cells through irona ccumulation. Plant J. 59, 437-447.
Nakano, R.T., Matsushima, R., Ueda, H., Tamura, K ., Shimada, T., Li, L., Hayashi, Y ., Kondo, M., Nishimura,M., and Hara-Nishimura, I. (2009). G N O M-LI K E1/ERM O1 and SE C24a/ERM O2 are required formaintenance of endoplasmic reticulum morphology in Arabidopsis thalian. Plant Cell 21, 3672-3685.
Ogasawara, K ., Y amada, K ., Christeller, T.J., Kondo, M., Hatsugai, N., Hara-Nishimura, I., and Nishimura, M.
(2009). Constitutive and inducible ER bodies of Arabidopsis thaliana DFFXPXODWH GLVWLQFW JOXFRVLGDVHV
Plant Cell Physiol. 50, 480-488.
Singh, T., Hayashi, M., Mano, S., Arai, Y ., Goto, S., and Nishimura, M. (2009). Molecular components
required for the targeting of PE X7 to peroxisomes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 60, 488-498.

2008 ᖺ
Arai, Y ., Hayashi, M., and Nishimura, M. (2008). Proteomic analysis of highly purified peroxisomes from
etiolated soybean cotyledons. Plant Cell Physiol. 49, 526-539.
Arai, Y ., Hayashi, M., and Nishimura, M. (2008). Proteomic identification and characterization of a novel
peroxisomal adenine nucleotide transporter supplying A TP for fatty acid ȕ-oxidation in soybean andArabidopsis. Plant Cell 20, 3227-3240. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧
Hashimoto, K ., Igarashi, H., Mano, S., Takenaka, C., Shiina, T., Y amaguchi, M., Demura, T., Nishimura, M.,
Shimmen, T., and Yokota, E. (2008). An isoform of Arabidopsis myosin X I interacts with small G TPase in its
C-terminal tail region. J. Exp. Bot. 59, 3523-3531.

− 241 −

K amada-Nobusada, T., Hayashi, M., Fukazawa, M., Sakakibara, H., and Nishimura, M. (2008). A peroxisomal
polyamine oxidase, A tPA O4, is involved in polyamine back-conversion pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant
Cell Physiol. 49, 1272-1282.
Kunieda, T., Mitsuda, N., Ohme-Takagi, M., Takeda, S., A ida, M., Tasaka, M., Kondo, M., Nishimura, M., andHara-Nishimura, I. (2008). N A C family proteins N A RS1 and N A RS2 in the outer integument regulate
embryogenesis in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 20, 2631-2642.
Oshima, Y ., K amigaki, A ., Mano, S., Hayashi, M., Nishimura, M., and Esaka, M. (2008). Plant catalase isimported into peroxisomes by Pex5p but distinct from typical PTS1 import. Plant Cell Physiol. 49, 671-677.
Mano, S., Miwa, T., Nishikawa, S., Mimura, T., and Nishimura, M. (2008). The plant organelles database(PO D B): A collection of visualized plant organelles and protocols for plant organelle research. Nucleic A cid
Res. 36, D929-D937.
Mitsuhashi, N., Kondo, M., Nakaune, S., Ohnishi, M., Hayashi, M., Hara-Nishimura, I., Richardson, A ., Fukaki,
H., Nishimura, M., and Mimura, T. (2008). Localization of myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase to theendosperm in developing seeds of Arabidopsis. J. Exp. Bot. 59, 3069-3076.
Nagano, A . J., Fukao, Y ., Fujiwara, M., Nishimura, M., and Hara-Nishimura, I. (2008). Antagonistic
Jacalin-related lectins regulate the size of ER-body-type ȕ-glucosidase in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell
Physiol. 49, 969-980.
Nagano A . J., Fukazawa, M., Hayashi, M., Nishimura, M., and Hara-Nishimura, I. (2008). A tMap1: a D N A
microarray for genomic deletion mapping in Arabidoposis thaliana. Plant J. 56, 1058-1065.
Tani, T., Sobajima, H., Okada, K ., Chujo, T., Arimura, S., Tsutumi, N., Nishimura, M., Seto, H., Nojiri, H., andY amane, H. (2008). Identification of the OsOPR7 gene encoding 12-oxophytodienorate reductase involved in
the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid in rice. Planta 227, 517-526.
Y amazaki, M., Shimada, T., Takahashi, H., Tamura, K ., Kondo, M., Nishimura, M., and Hara-Nishimura, I.
(2008). Arabidopsis VPS35, a retromer component is required for vacuolar protein sorting and involved innormal growth and leaf senescence. Plant Cell Physiol. 49, 142-156.
Y amada, K ., Nagano, A . J., Nishina, M., Hara-Nishimura, I., and Nishimura, M. (2008). N A I2 is anendoplasmic reticulum component that enables ER body formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 20,2529-2540. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧ศᏊ⣽⬊⏕≀Ꮫ㸦኱㝮◊㸧
2009 ᖺ
Fujioka, Y ., Noda, N.N., Nakatogawa, H., Ohsumi, Y ., and Inagaki, F. (2009). The dimeric coiled-coil structureof Saccharomyces cerevisiae A tg16 and its functional significance in autophagy. J. Biol. Chem., in press.
Hanada, T., Satomi, Y ., Takao, T., and Ohsumi, Y . (2009). The amino-terminal region of A tg3 is essential for
association with phosphatidylethanolamine in A tg8 lipidation. F E BS Lett., 583, 1078-1083.
K abeya, Y ., Noda, N.N., Fujioka, Y ., Suzuki, K ., Inagaki, F., and Ohsumi, Y . (2009). Characterization of theA tg17-A tg29-A tg31 complex specifically required for starvation-induced autophagy in Saccharomyces
cerevisiae. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 389, 612-615.
K ageyama, T., Suzuki, K ., and Ohsumi, Y . (2009). Lap3 is a selective target of autophagy in yeast,
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 378, 551-557.
K amada, Y ., Yoshino, K ., Kondo, C., K awamata, T., Oshiro, N., Yonezawa, K ., and Ohsumi, Y . (2009). Tor
directly controls the A tg1 kinase complex to regulate autophagy. Mol. Cell Biol., in press.
Okamoto, K ., Kondo-Okamoto, N., and Ohsumi, Y . (2009). Mitochondria-anchored receptor Atg32 mediates
degradation of mitochondria via selective autophagy. Dev. Cell, 17, 87-97.
㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧

Satoo, K ., Noda, N.N., Kumeta, H., Fujioka, Y ., Mizushima, N., Ohsumi, Y ., and Inagaki, F. (2009). The
structure of Atg4B-L C3 complex reveals the mechanism of L C3-processing and delipidation during autophagy.
E M B O J., 28, 1341-1350.
Sekito, T., K awamata, T., Ichikawa, R., Suzuki, K ., and Ohsumi, Y . (2009). Atg17 recruits A tg9 to organize
the pre-autophagosomal structure. Genes Cells, 14, 525-538.
Shin, J.H., Yoshimoto, K ., Ohsumi, Y ., Jeon, J.S., and An, G. (2009). OsA T G10b, an autophagosome
component, is needed for cell survival against oxidative stresses in rice. Mol. Cells., 27, 67-74.

− 242 −

Wada, S., Ishida, H., Izumi, M., Yoshimoto, K ., Ohsumi, Y ., Mae, T., and Makino, A . (2009). Autophagy plays
a role in chloroplast degradation during senescence in individually darkened leaves. Plant Physiol., 149,
885-893.
Watanabe, Y ., Noda, N.N., Honbou, K ., Suzuki, K ., Sakai, Y ., Ohsumi, Y ., and Inagaki, F. (2009).
Crystallization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-mannosidase, a cargo protein of the Cvt pathway. A cta
Crystallogr. Sect. F Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun., 65, 571-573.
Yoshimoto, K ., Jikumaru, Y ., K amiya, Y ., Kusano, M., Consonni, C., Panstruga, R., Ohsumi, Y ., and Shirasu,
K . (2009). Autophagy negatively regulates cell death by controlling NPR1-dependent salicylic acid signaling
during senescence and the innate immune response in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 21, 2914-2927.

2008 ᖺ
Fujioka, Y ., Noda, N.N., Fujii, K ., Yoshimoto, K ., Ohsumi, Y ., and Inagaki, F. (2008). In vitro reconstitution ofplant A T G8 and A T G12 conjugation systems essential for autophagy. J. Biol. Chem. 283, 1921-1928.
Fujioka, Y ., Noda, N.N., Matsushita, M., Ohsumi, Y ., and Inagaki, F. (2008). Crystallization of the coiled-coildomain of Atg16 essential for autophagy. A cta Crystallogr. Sect. F Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. 64,
1046-1048.
Hu, G., Hacham, M., Waterman, S.R., Panepinto, J., Shin, S., Liu, X ., Gibbons, J., V alyi-Nagy, T., Obara, K .,Jaffe, H. A ., Ohsumi, Y ., and Williamson, P.R. (2008). PI3K signaling of autophagy is required for starvation
tolerance and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Clin. Invest. 118, 1186-1197.
Ishida, H., Yoshimoto, K ., Izumi, M., Reisen, D., Y ano, Y ., Makino, A ., Ohsumi, Y ., Hanson, M.R., and Mae,T. (2008). Mobilization of Rubisco and stromal-localized fluorescent proteins of chloroplasts to the vacuole byan ATG gene-dependent autophagic process. Plant Physiol. 148, 142-155.
K awamata, T., K amada, Y ., K abeya, Y ., Sekito, T., and Ohsumi, Y . (2008). Organization of the
pre-autophagosomal structure responsible for autophagosome formation. Mol. Biol. Cell 19, 2039-2050.
Nakashima, A ., Maruki, Y ., Imamura, Y ., Kondo, C., K awamata, T., K awanishi, I., Takata, H., Matsuura, A .,Lee, K .S., K ikkawa, U., Ohsumi, Y ., Yonezawa, K ., and K amada, Y . (2008). The yeast Tor signaling pathway
is involved in G2/M transition via Polo-kinase. PLoS O N E 3, e2223.
Noda, N.N., Fujioka, Y ., Ohsumi, Y ., and Inagaki, F. (2008). Crystallization of the A tg12-A tg5 conjugate
bound to A tg16 by the free-interface diffusion method. J. Synchrotron Radiat. 15, 266-268.
Noda, N.N., Kumeta, H., Nakatogawa, H., Satoo, K ., Adachi, W., Ishii, J., Fujioka, Y ., Ohsumi, Y ., andInagaki, F. (2008). Structural basis of target recognition by A tg8/L C3 during selective autophagy. Genes Cells
12, 1211-1218.
Obara, K ., Noda, T., Niimi, K ., and Ohsumi, Y . (2008). Transport of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate into thevacuole via autophagic membranes in S. cerevisiae. Genes Cells 13, 537-547.
Obara, K ., Sekito, T., Niimi, K ., and Ohsumi, Y . (2008). The A tg18-A tg2 complex is recruited to autophagic
membranes via PtdIns(3)P and exerts an essential function. J. Biol. Chem. 283, 23972-23980.
Oh-oka, K ., Nakatogawa, H., and Ohsumi, Y . (2008). Physiological pH and acidic phospholipids contribute to
substrate specificity in lipidation of A tg8. J. Biol. Chem. 283, 21847-21852.

⚄⤒⣽⬊⏕≀Ꮫ㸦᳝ྡ G㸧
2010 ᖺ
Shiina, N., and Tokunaga, M. (2010). RN A granule protein 140 (RN G140), a paralog of RN G105 localized to
distinct RN A granules in neuronal dendrites in the adult vertebrate brain. J. Biol. Chem. 285, 24260-24269.
Shiina, N., Y amaguchi, K ., and Tokunaga, M. (2010). RN G105 deficiency impairs the dendritic localization ofmRN As for Na +/K + A TPase subunit isoforms and leads to the degeneration of neuronal networks. J. Neurosci.
30, 12816-12830. 3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕⣽⬊♫఍Ꮫ㸦℈⏣ G㸧2008 ᖺ
Tang, H., Brennan, J., K arl, J., Hamada, Y ., Raetzman, L., and Capel, B. (2008). Notch signaling maintains
Leydig progenitor cells in the mouse testis. Development 135, 3745-3753.

− 243 −

ᙧែᙧᡂ㸦ୖ㔝◊㸧
2010 ᖺMorita, H., Nandadasa, S., Y amamoto, T.S., Terasaka-Iioka, C., Wylie, C., and Ueno, N. (2010). Nectin-2 andN-cadherin interact through extracellular domains and induce apical accumulation of F-actin in apicalconstriction of Xenopus neural tube morphogenesis. Development 137, 1315-1325.
3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕ 

Nojima, J., K anomata, K ., Takada, Y ., Fukuda, T., Kokabu, S., Ohte, S., Takada, T., Tsukui, T., Y amamoto,
T.S., Sasanuma, H., Yoneyama, K ., Ueno, N., Okazaki, Y ., K amijo, R., Yoda, T., and K atagiri, T. (2010). Dualroles of smad proteins in the conversion from myoblasts to osteoblastic cells by bone morphogenetic proteins. J.
Biol. Chem. 285, 15577-15586.
Shindo, A ., Hara, Y ., Y amamoto, T.S., Ohkura, M., Nakai, J., and Ueno, N. (2010). Tissue-tissue
interaction-triggered calcium elevation is required for cell polarization during X enopus gastrulation. PLos O N E,
5, e8897.
Suzuki, M., Hara, Y ., Takagi, C., Y amamoto, T.S., and Ueno, N. (2010). MID1 and MID2 are required for
Xenopus neural tube closure through the regulation of microtubule organization. Development 137, 2329-2339.
Takahashi, H., Hotta, K ., Takagi, C., Ueno, N., Satoh, N., and Shoguchi, E. (2010). Regulation of
notochord-specific expression of Ci-Bra downstream genes in Ciona intestinalis embryos. Zool. Sci. 27,
110-118.
Terakubo, H., Nakajima, Y ., Sasakura, Y ., Horie, T., Konno, A ., Takahashi, H., Inaba, K ., Hotta, K . and Oka,
K . (2010). Network structure of projections extending from peripheral neurons in the tunic of ascidian larva.
D ev. Dyn. 239, 2278-2287.

2009 ᖺ
Goda, T., Takagi, C., and Ueno, N. (2009). Xenopus Rnd1 and Rnd3 G TP-binding proteins are expressed under
the control of segmentation clock and required for somite formation. Dev. Dyn. 238, 2867-2876.
Hida, N., A wais, M., Takeuchi, M., Ueno, N., Tashiro, M., Takagi, C., Singh, T., Hayashi, M., Ohmiya, Y ., andOzawa, T. (2009). High-sensitivity real-time imaging of dual protein-protein interactions in living subjects
using multicolor luciferases. PLoS O N E 4, e5868.
Shindo, A ., Hara, Y ., Y amamoto, T.S., Ohkura, M., Nakai, J., and Ueno, N. (2010). Tissue-tissue
interaction-triggered calcium elevation is required for cell polarization during gastrulation. PLoS O N E 5,
e8897.
Sugiura, T., Tazaki, A ., Ueno, N., Watanabe, K ., and Mochii, M. (2009). Xenopus Wnt-5a induces an ectopic
larval tail at injured site, suggesting a crucial role for noncanonical Wnt signal in tail regeneration. Mech. Dev.
126, 56-67.
Tao, H., Suzuki, M., K iyonari, H., Abe, T., Sasaoka, T., and Ueno, N. (2009). Mouse prickle1, the homolog ofa PCP gene, is essential for epiblast apical-basal polarity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106, 14426-14431.

㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫࢆᥖ㍕㸧Y akushiji, N., Suzuki, M., Satoh, A ., Ide, H., and Tamura, K . (2009). Effects of activation of Hedgehog
signaling on patterning, growth and differentiation in Xenopus froglet limb regeneration. Dev. Dyn. 238,
1887-1896.
Y amada, S., Hotta, K ., Y amamoto, T.S., Ueno, N., Satoh, N., and Takahashi, H. (2009). Interaction of
notochord-derived fibrinogen-like protein with Notch regulates the patterning of the central nervous systemo f Ciona intestinalis embryos. Dev. Biol. 328, 1-12.

2008 ᖺ
Shindo, A ., Y amamoto, T.S., and Ueno, N. Coordonation of cell polarity during X enopus Gastrulation. (2008).
P LoS O N E 3, e1600.
Hotta, K ., Takahashi, H., Satoh, N., and Gojobori, T. (2008). Brachyury-downstream gene sets in a chordate,
Ciona intestinalis: Intrgrating notochord specification, morphogenesis and chordate evolution. Evo. Dev. 10,
37-51.
K awasaki, A ., Kumasaka, M., Satoh, A ., Suzuki, M., Tamura, K ., Goto, T., Asashima, M., and Y amamoto, H.
(2008). Mitf contributes to melanosome distribution and melanophore dendricity. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res.
21, 56-62.
Gilchrist, M.J., Chiristensen, M.B., Harland, R., Pollet, N., Smith, J.C., Ueno, N., and Papalopulu, N. (2008).
Evading the annotation bottleneck: using sequence similarity to search non-sequence gene data. B M C
Bioinformatics 9, 442.

− 244 −

Ⓨ⏕㑇ఏᏛ㸦ᑠᯘ◊㸧
2010 ᖺ
K itadate, Y ., and Kobayashi, S. (2010). Notch and Egfr signaling act antagonistically to regulate germline stem
cell niche formation in Drosophila male embryonic gonads. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. USA . 107, 14241-14246.

㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧

Kondo, T., Plaza, S., Zanet, J., Benrabah, E., V alenti, P., Hashimoto, Y ., Kobayashi, S., Payre, F., andK ageyama, Y . (2010). Small peptides switch the transcriptional activity of Shavenbaby during Drosophila
embryogenesis. Science 329, 336-339. 3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧
Niwa, R., Ito, K ., Namiki, T., Shimada-Niwa, Y ., K iuchi, M., K awaoka, S., K ayukawa, T., Banno, Y .,Fujimoto, Y ., Shigenobu, S., Kobayashi, S., Shimada, T., K atsuma, S., and Shinoda, T. (2010). Non-molting
glossy/shroud encodes a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase that functions in the " Black Box " of thee cdysteroid biosynthesis pathway. Development 137, 1991-1999.

2009 ᖺ
Hashiyama, K ., and Kobayashi, S. (2009). Expression of genes involved in sumoylation in the Drosophila
germline. Gene Expression Patterns 9, 50-53.
Maezawa, T., Arita, K ., Shigenobu, S., and Kobayashi, S. (2009). Expression of the apoptosis inducer genehead involution defective in primordial germ cells of the Drosophila embryo requires eiger, p53 and loki
function. Develop. Growth Differ. 51, 453-461.
Yuda, M., Iwanaga, S., Shigenobu, S., Mair, G., Janse, C., Waters, A ., K ato, T., and K aneko I. (2009).
Identification of a transcription factor in the mosquito-invasive stage of malaria parasites. Mol. Microbiol. 71,
1402-1414.
Hayashi, Y ., Kobayashi, S., and Nakato, H. (2009). Drosophila glypicans regulate the germline stem celln iche. J. Cell Biol. 187, 473-480. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧

2008 ᖺ
Y atsu, J., Hayashi, M., Mukai, M., Arita, K ., Shigenobu, S., and Kobayashi, S. (2008). Identification ofmaternal RN As encoding transcription factors required for germline-specific gene expression in Drosophila
embryos. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 52, 913-923.

ศᏊⓎ⏕Ꮫ㸦㧗⏣◊㸧
2010 ᖺ
Hashimoto, H., Shinohara, K ., Wang, J., Ikeuchi. S., Yoshiba, S., Meno, C., Nonaka, S., Takada, S., Hatta, K .,Wynshaw-boris, A ., and Hamada, H. (2010). Planar polarization of node cells determines the rotational axis ofnode cilia. Nat. Cell Biol. 12, 170-176.
K atayama, R., Ishioka, T., Takada, S., Takada, R., Fujita, N., Tsuruo, T., and Naito, M. (2010). Modulation of
Wnt signaling by the nuclear localization of cellular F LIP-L. J. Cell Sci. 123, 23-28.
Miyaoka, Y ., Tanaka, M., Imamura, T., Takada, S., and Miyajima, A . (2010). A novel regulatory mechanism
for Fgf18 signaling involving cysteine-rich F G F receptor (Cfr) and delta-like protein (Dlk). Development 137,
159-167.
Nishita, M., Itsukushima, S., Nomachi, A ., Endo, M., Wang, Z., Inaba, D., Qiao, S., Takada, S., K ikuchi, A .,and Minami, Y . (2010). Ror2/Frizzled complex mediates Wnt5a-induced AP-1 activation by regulating
dishevelled polymerization. Mol. Cell. Biol. 30, 3610-3619.
Takahashi, J., Ohbayashi, A ., Oginuma, M., Saito, D., Mochizuki, A ., Saga, Y ., and Takada, S. (2010).
Analysis of Ripply1/2-deficient mouse embryos reveals a mechanism underlying the rostro-caudal patterning
within a somite. Dev. Biol. 342, 134-145.
Yoshinaga, Y ., K agawa, T., Shimizu, T., Inoue, T., Takada, S., Kuratsu, J., and Taga, T. (2010). Wnt3a
promotes hippocampal neurogenesis by shortening cell cycle duration of neural progenitor cells. Cell. Mol.
N eurobiol. 30, 1049-1058.

2009 ᖺ
Agalliu, D., Takada, S., Agalliu, I., McMahon, A .P., and Jessell, T.M. (2009). Motor neurons with axial
muscle projections specified by Wnt4/5 signaling. Neuron 61, 708-720.

2008 ᖺ
A lvarez-Medina, R., Cayuso, J., Okubo, T., Takada, S., and Marti, E. (2008). Wnt canonical pathway restricts
graded Shh/Gli patterning activity through the regulation of Gli3 expression. Development 135, 237-247.
− 245 −

K awamura, A ., Koshida, S., and Takada, S. (2008). Activator-torepressor conversion of T-box transcription
factors by the Ripply family of Groucho/T L E-associated mediators. Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 3236-3244.
Shimizu, T., K agawa, T., Inoue, T., Nonaka, A ., Takada, S., Aburatani, H., and Taga, T. (2008). Stabilizedȕ-catenin functions through T C F/L E F proteins and the Notch/RBP-Jk complex to promote proliferation andsuppress differentiation of neural precursor cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 7427-7441.

ึᮇⓎ⏕㸦⸨᳃◊㸧
2010 ᖺ
Tissir, F., Qu, Y ., Montcouquiol, M., Zhou, L., Komatsu, K ., Shi, D., Fujimori, T., Labeau, J., Tyteca, D.,
Courtoy, P., Poumay, Y ., Uemura, T., and Goffinet, A .M. (2010). Lack of cadherins Celsr2 and Celsr3 impairs
ependymal cilliogenesis, leading to fatal hydrocephalus. Nature Neurosci. 13, 700-707.
Zheng, L., Ishii, Y ., Tokunaga, A ., Hamashima, T., Shen, J., Zhao, Q.L., Ishizawa, S., Fujimori, T., Nabeshima,
Y ., Mori, H., Kondo, T., and Sasahara, M. (2010). Neuroprotective effects of PD G F against oxidative stressand the signaling pathway involved. J. Neurosci. Res. 88, 1273-1284.

2009 ᖺ
Fujimori, T., Kurotaki, Y ., Komatsu, K ., and Nabeshima, Y . (2009). Morphological organization of the mouse
preimplantation embryo. Reprod Sci. 16, 171-177.
Yuri, S., Fujimura, S., Nimura, K ., Takeda, N., Toyooka, Y ., Fujimura, Y ., Aburatani, H., Ura, K ., Koseki,
H., Niwa, H., Nishinakamura, R. (2009). Sall4 is essential for stabilization, but not for pluripotency, ofe mbryonic stem cells by repressing aberrant trophectoderm gene expression. Stem Cells 27, 796-805.

2008 ᖺ
Ishii, Y ., Matsumoto, Y ., Watanabe, R., Elmi, M., Fujimori, T., Nissen, J., Cao, Y ., Nabeshima, Y ., Sasahara,M., and Funa, K . (2008). Characterization of neuroprogenitor cells expressing the PD G F beta-receptor within
the subventricular zone of postnatal mice. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 37, 507-518.
K atsuno, T., Umeda, K ., Matsui, T., Hata, M., Tamura, A ., Itoh, M., Takeuchi, K ., Fujimori, T., Nabeshima, Y .,Noda, T., Tsukita, S., and Tsukita, S. (2008). Deficiency of zonula occludens-1 causes embryonic lethal
phenotype associated with defected yolk sac angiogenesis and apoptosis of embryonic cells. Mol. Biol. Cell 19,
2465-2475.
Tokunaga, A ., Oya, T., Ishii, Y ., Motomura, H., Nakamura, C., Ishizawa, S., Fujimori, T., Nabeshima, Y .,Umezawa, A ., K anamori, M., K imura, T., and Sasahara, M. (2008). PD G F receptor beta is a potent regulator of
mesenchymal stromal cell function. J. Bone Miner. Res. 23, 1519-1528.
Toyooka, Y ., Shimosato, D., Murakami, K ., Takahashi, K ., and Niwa, H. (2008). Identification andcharacterization of subpopulations in undifferentiated ES cell culture. Development 135, 909-918.

⏕Ṫ⣽⬊㸦ྜྷ⏣◊㸧
2010 ᖺ
K itadate, Y ., and Kobayashi, S. (2010). Notch and Egfr signaling act antagonistically to regulate germ-line
stem cell niche formation in Drosophila male embryonic gonads. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 107,
14241-14246.
K lein, A .M., Nakagawa, T., Ichikawa, R., Yoshida, S., and Simons, B.D. (2010). Mouse germ line stem cells
undergo rapid and stochastic turnover. Cell Stem Cell 7, 214-224. 㸦3࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧
Matson, C. K ., Murphy, M.W., Griswold, M.D., Yoshida, S., Bardwell, V .J., and Zarkower, D. (2010). The
mammalian doublesex homolog D MRT1 is a transcriptional gatekeeper that controls the mitosis versus meiosis
decision in male germ cells. Dev. Cell 19, 612-624.
Nakagawa, T., Sharma, M., Nabeshima, Y ., Braun, R.E., and Yoshida, S. (2010). Functional hierarchy andreversibility within the murine spermatogenic stem cell compartment. Science 328, 62-67.
㸦3࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧Nakane, Y ., Ikegami, K ., Ono, H., Y amamoto, N., Yoshida, S., Hirunagi, K ., Ebihara, S., Kubo, Y ., andYoshimura, T. (2010). A mammalian neural tissue opsin (Opsin 5) is a deep brain photoreceptor in birds. Proc.
Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 107, 15264-15268.
Uemura, M., Hara, K ., Shitara, H., Ishii, R., Tsunekawa, N., Miura, Y ., Kurohmaru, M., Taya, C., Yonekawa,
H., K anai-A zuma, M., and K anai, Y . (2010). Expression and function of mouse Sox17 gene in the specificationof gallbladder/bile-duct progenitors during early foregut morphogenesis. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
391, 357-363.
− 246 −

2009 ᖺSuzuki, H., Sada, A ., Yoshida, S., and Saga, Y . (2009). The heterogeneity of spermatogonia is revealed by their
topology and expression of marker proteins including the germ cell-specific proteins Nanos2 and Nanos3. Dev.
Biol. 336, 222-231.
Hara, K ., K anai-A zuma, M., Uemura, M., Shitara, H., Taya, C., Yonekawa, H., K awakami, H., Tsunekawa, N.,
Kurohmaru, M., and K anai, Y . (2009). Evidence for crucial role of hindgut expansion in directing proper
migration of primordial germ cells in mouse early embryogenesis. Dev. Biol. 330, 427-439.

2008 ᖺ
Sato, Y ., Watanabe, T., Saito, D., Takahashi, T., Yoshida, S., Kohyama, J., Ohata, E., Okano, H., andTakahashi, Y . (2008). Notch mediates the segmental specification of angioblasts in somites and their directedmigration toward the dorsal aorta in avian embryos. Dev. Cell. 14, 890-901.

⏕Ṫ⏕≀Ꮫ㸦㛗℈◊㸧
2010 ᖺ
Nakamoto, M., Fukasawa, M., Orii, S., Shimamori, K ., Maeda, T., Suzuki, A ., Matsuda, M., Kobayashi, T.,
Nagahama, Y . and Shibata, N. (2010). Cloning and expression of medaka cholesterol side chain cleavage
cytochrome P450 during gonadal development. Develop.Growth Differ. 52, 385-395.
Otake, H., Masuyama, H., Mashima, Y ., Shinomiya, A ., Myosho, T., Nagahama, Y ., Matsuda, M.,
Hamaguchi, S. and Sakaizumi, M. (2010). Heritable artificial sex chromosomes in the medaka, Oryzias
latipes. Heredity 105, 247-256.
Shibata, Y ., Paul-Prasanth, B., Suzuki, A ., Usami, T., Nakamoto, M., Matsuda, M. and Nagahama, Y . (2010).
Expression of gonadal soma derived factor (GSD F) is spatially and temporally correlated with earlytesticular differentiation in medaka. Gene Expr. Patterns 10, 283-289.
Sudhakumari, C.C., Senthilkumaran, B., Raghuveer, K ., Wang, D.S., Kobayashi, T., K agawa, H., Krishnaiah,C., Dutta-Gupta, A . and Nagahama, Y . (2010). Dimorphic expression of ttryptophan hydroxylase in the brainof X X and X Y Nile tilapia during early development. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 166, 320-329.
Wang, D.S., Zhou, L. Y ., Kobayashi, T., Matsuda, M., Shibata, Y ., Sakai, F. and Nagahama, Y . (2010).
Doublesex- and Mab-3-Related Transcription Factor-1 repression of aromatase transcription, a possible
mechanism favoring the male pathway in tilapia. Endocrinology 151, 1331-1340.
Zhang, W., Zhou, L. Senthilkumaran, B., Huang, B.F., Sudhakumari, C.C., Kobayashi, T., Nagahama, Y . andWang, D.S. (2010). Molecular cloning of two isoforms of 11E-hydroxylaseand their expressions in the Nilet ilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 165, 34-41.

2009 ᖺ
Chen, W., Cao, M., Y ang, Y ., Nagahama, Y ., and Zhao, H. (2009). Expression pattern of prmt5 in adult fishand embryos of medaka, Oryzias latipes. Fish Physiol. Biochem. 35, 325-332.
Cui, J.Z., Shen, X . Y ., Y an, Z.W., Zhao, H.B., and Nagahama, Y . (2009). Homology-modeled ligand-binding
domains of medaka estrogen receptors and androgen receptors: a model system for the study of reproduction.
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 380, 115-121.
Kobayashi, Y ., Nakamura, M., Sunobe, T., Usami, T., K obayashi, T., Manabe, H., Paul-Prasanth, B., Suzuki,N., and Nagahama, Y . (2009). Sex-change in the gobiid fish is mediated through rapid switching of
gonadotropin receptors from ovarian to testicular portion or vice-versa. Endocrinology 150, 1503-1511.
Mita, M., Ito, C., Kubota, E., Nagahama, Y ., and Shibata, Y . (2009). Expression and distribution of
gonad-stimulating substance of various organs of the starfish Asterina pectinifera. Trends in Comparative
Endocrinology and Neurobiology: Ann. N. Y . A cad. Sci. 1163, 472-474.
Mita, M., Yoshikuni, M., Ohno, K ., Shibata, Y ., Paul-Prasanth, B., Pitchayawasin, S., Isobe, M., andNagahama, Y . (2009). A relaxin-like peptide purified from radial nerves induces oocyte maturation andovulation in the starfish, Asterina pectinifera. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 106, 9507-9512.

㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧

Mittelholzer, C., Andersson, E., Taranger, G..L., Consten, D., Hirai, T., Senthilkumaran, B., Nagahama, Y .,and Norberg, B. (2009). Molecular characterization and quantification of the gonadotropin receptors FSH-R
and L H-R from A tlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 160, 47-58.
Nakamoto, M., Muramatsu, S., Yoshida, S., Matsuda, M., Nagahama, Y ., and Shibata, N. (2009). Gonadal
sex differentiation and expression of Sox9a2, Dmrt1, and Foxl2 in Oryzias luzonensis. Genesis 47, 289-299.

− 247 −

Ngamniyom, A ., Magtoon, W., Nagahama, Y ., and Sasayama, Y . (2009). Expression levels of hormone
receptors and bone morphogenic protein in fins of medaka. Zool. Sci. 26, 74-79.
Wu, F.R., Zhou, L. Y ., Nagahama, Y ., and Wang, D.S. (2009). Duplication and distinct expression patterns of
two thrombospondin-1 isoforms in teleost fishes. Gene Expr. Patterns 9, 436-443.
Zhang, W.L., Zhou, L. Y ., Senthilkumaran, B., Huang, B.F., Sudhakumari, C.C., Kobayashi, T., Nagahama,
Y ., and Wang, D.S. (2009). Molecular cloning of two isoforms of 11E-hydroxylase and their expression in
the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 165, 34-41.
K ato, S., Tsurumaru, S., Taga, M., Y amane, T., Shibata, Y ., Ohno, K ., Fujiwara, A ., Y amano, K ., andYoshikuni, M. (2009). Neuronal peptides induce oocyte maturation and gamete spawning of sea cucumber,
A postichopus japonicus. Developmental Biology 326, 169-176. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧

2008 ᖺ
Senthilkumaran, B., Sudhakumari, C.C., Wang, D.S., Sreenivasulu, G., Kobayashi, T., Kobayashi, H. K .,Yoshikuni, M., and Nagahama, Y . (2008). Novel 3E-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases from gonads of the Niletilapia: Phylogenic significance and expression during reproductive cycle. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 299,
146-152.
Ijiri, S., K aneko, H., Kobayashi, T., Wang, D.S., Sakai, F., Paul-Prasanth, B., Nakamura, M., and Nagahama, Y .
(2008). Sexual dimorphic expression of genes in gonads during early differentiation of a teleost fish, the Niletilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Biol. Reprod. 78, 333-341.
Kobayashi, T., K ajiura-Kobayashi, H., Guan, G., and Nagahama, Y . (2008). Sexual dimorphic expression of
D MRT1 and Sox9 during gonadal differentiation and hormone-induced sex reversal in the teleost fish Niletilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Dev. Dyn. 237, 297-306.
Matsuoka, Y ., Kobayashi, T., K ihara, K ., and Nagahama, Y . (2008). Molecular cloning of Plk1 and Nek2 andtheir expression in mature gonads of the teleost fish Nile tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus). Mol. Reprod.
Develop. 75, 989-1001.
Mita, M., Ito, C., Nagahama, Y ., and Shibata, Y . (2008). Expression and distribution of gonad-stimulating
substance in various organs of the starfish, Asterina pectinifera. Ann. N.Y . A cad. Sci. in press.
Sakai, F., Kobayashi, T., Matsuda, M., and Nagahama, Y . (2008). Stability in aromatase immunoreactivity ofsteroid-producing cells during early development of X X gonads of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus: An
organ culture study. Zool. Sci. 25, 344-348.
Swapna, I., Sudhakumari, C.C., Sakai, F., Sreenivasulu, G., Kobayashi, T., K agawa, H., Nagahama, Y ., andSenthilkumaran, B. (2008). Seabream GnRH immunoreactivity in brain and pituitary of X X and X Y Niletilapia, Oreochroomis niloticus during early development. J. Exp. Zool. Part A , 309, 419-426.

ᛶᕪ⏕≀Ꮫ㸦ㅖᶫ◊㸧2008 ᖺ
Zubair, M., Parker, K . L., and Morohashi, K . (2008). Developmental links between fetal and adult adrenal
cortex revealed by lineage tracing. Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 7030-7040.
Shima, Y ., Zubair, M., Komatsu, T., Oka, S., Yokoyama, C., Tachibana, T., Hjalt, T. A , and Morohashi, K.
(2008). Pitx2 directly regulates Ad4BP/SF-1 gene transcription in the pituitary gonadotrope via interaction with
the intronic enhancer. Mol. Endocrinol. 22, 1633-1646.

Sato, Y ., Baba, T., Zubair, M., Miyabayashi, K ., Toyama, Y ., Maekawa, M., Owaki, A ., Mizusaki, H.,
Sawamura, T., Toshimori, K ., Morohashi, K ., and K atoh-Fukui, Y . (2008). Importance of forkheadtranscription factor Fkhl18 for development of testicular vasculature. Mol. Repro. Dev. 75, 1361-1371.
Baba, T., Shima, Y ., Mimura, J., Oshima, M., Fujii-Kuriyama, Y ., and Morohashi, K . (2008). Disruption ofaryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) induces regression of the seminal vesicle in aged male mice. Sex. Dev. 2,
1-11.

Ishimaru, Y ., Komatsu, T., K asahara, M., K atoh-Fukui, Y ., Toyama, Y ., Maekawa, M., Toshimori, K .,Chandraratna, R. A . S., Morohashi, K ., and Yoshioka, H. (2008). Mechanism of asymmetric ovariandevelopment in chick embryos. Development 135, 677-685.

Sakai, N., Terami, H., Suzuki, S., Haga. M., Nomoto, K., Tsuchida, N., Morohashi, K ., Saito, N., Asada, M.,
Hashimoto, M., Harada, D., Asahara, H., Ishikawa, T., Shimada, F., and Sakurada, K. (2008). Identification of
NR5A1 (SF-1/A D4BP) gene expression modulators by large-scale gain and loss of function studies. J.
Endocrinol. 198, 489-497.
− 248 −

⏕Ṫ㑇ఏᏛ㸦⏣୰ G㸧
2010 ᖺ
Herpin, A ., Braasch, I., Kraeusslling, M., Schmidt, C., Thoma, E.C., Nakamura, S., Tanaka, M., and Schartl, M.
(2010). Transcriptional rewiring of the sex determining dmrt1 gene duplicate by transposable elements. PLoS
Genetics 6, e1000844.
Ishikawa, T., K amei, Y ., Otozai, S., K im, J., Sato, A ., Kuwahara, Y ., Tanaka, M., Deguchi, T., Inohara, H.,
Tsujimura, T., and Todo, T. (2010). High-resolution melting curve analysis for rapid detection of mutations in a
Medaka TIL LIN G library. B M C Mol. Biol. 11, 70.
Nakamura, S., Kobayashi, K ., Nishimura, T., Higashijima, S., and Tanaka, M. (2010). Identification of
germline stem cells in the ovary of teleost medaka. Science 328, 1561-1563.
3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕

2009 ᖺ
Aoki, Y ., Nakamura, S., Ishikawa, Y ., and Tanaka, M. (2009). Expresssion and syntenic analyses of four nanos
genes in medaka. Zool. Sci. 26, 112-118.

Hano, T., Oshima, T., K inoshita, M., Tanaka, M., Wakamatsu, Y ., Ozato, K ., Nassef, M., Shimazaki, Y ., andHonjo, T. (2009). In ovo nanoinjection of nonylphenol affects embryonic development of a transgenic
see-through medaka (Oryzias latipes), olvas-G F P/STII-Y I strain. Chemosphere 77, 1594–1599.

Herpin, A ., Nakamura, S., Wagner, T., Tanaka, M., and Schartl, M. (2009). A highly conserved cis-regulatory
motif directs differential gonadal synexpression of Dmrt1 transcripts during gonad development. Nucleic A cids
Res. 35, 1510–1520.
Nakamura, S., Kurokawa, H., Asakawa, S., Shimizu, N., and Tanaka, M. (2009). Two distinct types of thecacells in the medaka gonad: Germ cell-dependent maintenance of cyp19a1-expressing cells. Dev. Dyn. 238,
2652-2657.
2008 ᖺ
Aoki, Y ., Nagao, I., Saito, D., Ebe, Y ., K injo, M., and Tanaka, M. (2008). Temporal and spatial localization of
three germline-specific proteins in medaka. Dev. Dyn. 273, 800-807.
Nagao, I., Aoki, Y ., Tanaka, M., and K injo, M. (2008). Analysis of the molecular dynamics of medaka nuage
proteins by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. F E BS J. 275,
341–349.
Nakabayashi, T., Nagao, I., K injo, M., Aoki, Y., Tanaka, M., and Ohta, N. (2008). Stress-induced
environmental changes in a single cell as revealed by fluorescence lifetime imaging. Photonchem. Photobiol.
Sci. 7, 671-674.

Nakamura, S., Aoki, Y ., Saito, D., Kuroki, Y ., Fujiyama, A ., Naruse, K ., and Tanaka, M. (2008).
Sox9b/sox9a2-E G FP transgenic medaka reveals the morphological reorganization of the gonads and a common
presursor of both the female and male supporting cells. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75, 472-476.

Sasado, T., Y asuoka, A ., Abe, K ., Mitani, H., Furutani-Seiki, M., Tanaka, M., and Kondoh, H. (2008). Distinct
contributions of C X CR4b and C X CR7/RD C1 receptor systems in regulation of PG C migration revealed by
medaka mutants kazura and yanagi. Dev. Biol. 320, 328-339.
᳜≀ჾᐁᙧᡂᏛ㸦ᒸ⏣ᡤ㛗◊㸧

2010 ා
Ishiguro, S., Nishimori, Y ., Y amada, M., Saito, H., Suzuki, T., Nakagawa, T., Miyake, H., Okada, K ., andNakamura,K.
(2010).
The
Arabidopsis
F LAKYPOLLEN1
gene
encodesa3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase required for development of tapetum-specific organelles andfertility of pollen grains. Plant Cell Physiol. 51, 896-911.

Tsugeki, R., Ditengou, F. A ., Palme, K ., and Okada, K . (2010). NO VEIN facilitates auxin-mediateddevelopment in Arabidopsis. Plant Signal. Behav. 5, 1249-1251.
Yuguchi, M., Yokouchi, T., Tominaga-Wada, R., Kuromori, T., Shinozaki, K ., Okada, K ., and Wada, T. (2010).
Phenome analysis of root development in Arabidopsis. Plant Biotech. 27, 345-347.
Preston, J.*, Tatematsu, K .*, K anno, Y ., Hobo, T., K imura, M., Jikumaru, Y ., Y ano, R., K amiya, Y ., andNambara, E. (2009†). Temporal expression patterns of hormone metabolism genes during imbibition of− 249 −

Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds: a comparative study on dormant and non-dormant accessions. Plant Cell Physiol.
50, 1786-1800. (*: Equally contributed)
2009 ා
Yoshida, Y ., Sano, R., Wada, T., Takabayashi, J., and Okada, K . (2009). Jasmonic acid control of G L A B A3
links inducible defense and trichome patterning in Arabidopsis. Development 136, 1039-1048.
Y agi, N., Takeda, S., Matsumoto, N., and Okada, K . (2009). V AJ/G F A1/C L O is involved in the directional
control of floral organ growth. Plant Cell Physiol. 50, 1-13.
Tominaga-Wada, R., Iwata, M., Sugiyama, J., Kotake, T., Ishida, T., Yokoyama, R., Nishitani, K ., Okada, K.,
and Wada, T. (2009) The G L A BR A2 homeodomain protein directly regulates C ESA5 and X T H17 gene
expression in Arabidopsis roots. Plant J. 60, 564-574.

Tsugeki, R., Ditengou, F., A ., Sumi, Y ., Palme, K ., and Okada, K . (2009). The novel nuclear factor N O V EIN
mediates auxin-dependent specification and patterning in the embryo, shoot and root. Plant Cell 21, 3133-3151.
Deguchi, T., Itoh, M., Urawa, H., Matsumoto, T., Nakayama, S., K awasaki, T., K itano, T., Oda, S., Mitani,
H., Takahashi, T., Todo, T., Sato, J., Okada, K ., Hatta, K ., Yuba, S., and K amei, Y . (2009). Infraredlaser-mediated local gene induction in medaka, zebrafish and Arabidopsis thaliana. Develop. Growth Differ.
51, 769-775.
2008 ᖺ
Sakai, T., Honing, van der H., Nishioka, M., Uehara, Y ., Takahashi, M., Fujisawa, N., Saji, K ., Seki, M.,
Shinozaki, K ., Jones, M., Smirnoff, N., Okada, K ., and Wasteneys, G. (2008). Armadillo repeatcontaining
kinesins and a NIM A-related kinase are required for epidermal cell morphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 53,
157-171.
Nagashima, A ., Suzuki, G., Uehara, Y ., Saji, K ., Furukawa, T., Koshiba, T., Sekimoto, M., Fujioka, S., Kuroha,T., Kojima, M., Sakakibara, H., Fujisawa, N., Okada, K ., and Sakai, T. (2008). Phytochromes andcryptochromes regulate the differential growth of Arabidopsis hypocotyls in both a PGP19-dependent and-independent manner. Plant J. 53, 516-529.
Tsuchida-Mayama, T., Nakano, M., Uehara, Y ., Sano, M., Fujisawa, N., Okada, K ., and Sakai, T. (2008).
Mapping and Characterization of the Phosphorylation Sites on the Phototropic Signal Transducer, NPH3. Plant
Sci. 174, 626-633.
Tominaga, R., Iwata, M., Sano, R., Okada, K ., and Wada, T. (2008). Arabidopsis CAPRIC E-like Myb 3 (CPL3)
Controls Endoreduplication and Flowering Development in Addition to Trichome and Root-hair Formation.
Development 135, 1335-1345.

Shimizu, K . K ., Ito, T., Ishiguro, S., and Okada, K . (2008). M A A3 (M A G A T A M A3) helicase gene is required
for female gametophyte development and pollen tube guidance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol. 49,
1478-1483.

⤫ྜ⚄⤒⏕≀Ꮫ㸦㔝⏣◊㸧
2010 ා
Chagnon, M.J., Wu, C.-L., Nakazawa, T., Y amamoto, T., Noda, M., Blanchetot, C., and Tremblay, M.L.
 5HFHSWRUW\URVLQHSKRVSKDWDVHVLJPD 5373 UHJXODWHVS*$3DQRYHOVXEVWUDWHWKDWDWWHQXDWHV
Rac signaling. Cell. Signal. 22, 1626-1633.

Hiyama, T. Y ., Matsuda, S., Fujikawa, A ., Matsumoto, M., Watanabe, E., K ajiwara, H., Niimura, F., and Noda,
M. (2010). Autoimmunity to the sodium-level sensor in the brain causes essential hypernatremia. Neuron 66,
508-522. 3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕
Nagakura, A ., Hiyama, T. Y ., and Noda, M. (2010). Nax-deficient mice show normal vasopressin response to
dehydration. Neurosci. Lett. 472, 161-165.

2009 ා
Shintani, T., Ihara, M., Tani, S., Sakuraba, J., Sakuta, H., and Noda, M. (2009). APC2 plays an essential role inaxonal projections through the regulation of microtubule stability. J. Neurosci. 29, 11628-11640.
㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫࢆᥖ㍕㸧
Takahashi, H., Sakuta, H., Shintani, T., and Noda, M. (2009). Functional mode of FoxD1/C B F2 for theestablishment of temporal retinal specificity in the developing chick retina. Dev. Biol. 331, 300-310.
− 250 −

Toychiev, A .H., Sabirov, R.Z., Takahashi, N., Ando-A katsuka, Y ., Liu, H., Shintani, T., Noda, M., and Okada,Y . (2009). Activation of maxi-anion channel by protein tyrosine dephosphorylation. Am. J. Physiol. - Cell
Physiol. 297, C990-C1000.

Yonehara, K ., Ishikane, H., Sakuta, H., Shintani, T., Nakamura-Yonehara, K ., K amiji, N.L., Usui, S., and Noda,
M. (2009). Identification of retinal ganglion cells and their projections involved in central transmission of
information about upward and downward image motion. PLoS O N E 4, e4320.
㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧

2008 ා
Chow, J.P.H., Fujikawa, A ., Shimizu, H., and Noda, M. (2008). Plasmin-mediated processing of protein
tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z in the mouse brain. Neurosci. Lett. 442, 208-212.
Chow, J.P.H., Fujikawa, A ., Shimizu, H., Suzuki, R., and Noda, M. (2008). Metalloproteinase- andȖ-secretase-mediated cleavage of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z. J. Biol. Chem. 283,
30879-30889.

Shintani, T., and Noda, M. (2008). Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z dephosphorylates Trk A
receptors and attenuates N G Fdependent neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells. J. Biochem. 144, 259-266.

Tsuboi, N., Utsunomiya, T., Roberts, R.L., Ito, H., Takahashi, K ., Noda, M., and Takahashi, T. (2008). The
tyrosine phosphatase C D148 interacts with the p85 regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Biochem. J.
413, 193-200.

Yonehara, K ., Shintani, T., Suzuki, R., Sakuta, H., Takeuchi, Y ., Nakamura-Yonehara, K ., and Noda, M.
(2008). Expression of SPIG1 reveals development of a retinal ganglion cell subtype projecting to the medial
terminal nucleus in the mouse. PLoS O N E 3, e1533. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧⬻⏕≀Ꮫ㸦ᒣ᳃◊㸧
2010 ᖺ
Watakabe, A ., Komatsu, Y ., Ohsawa, S., and Y amamori, T. (2010). Fluorescent in situ hybridization techniquefor cell type identification and characterization in the central nervous system. Methods 52, 367-374.

Takahata, T., Hashikawa, T., Tochitani, S., and Y amamori, T. (2010). Differential expression patterns of
O C C1-related, extracellular matrix proteins in the lateral geniculate nucleus of macaque monkeys. J Chem.
Neuroanat. 40, 112-122.

Puig, M. V ., Watakabe, A ., Ushimaru, M., Y amamori, T., and K awaguchi, Y . (2010). Serotonin modulates
fast-spiking interneuron and synchronous activity in the rat prefrontal cortex through 5-H T1A and 5-H T2A
receptors. J. Neurosci. 30, 2211-2222.

Sasaki, T., Komatsu, Y ., Watakabe, A ., Sawada, K ., and Y amamori, T. (2010). Prefrontal-enriched SLIT1
expression in Old World monkey cortex established during the postnatal development. Cereb. Cortex 20,
2496-2510.

2009 ᖺ
Takahata, T., Higo, N., K aas, J.H., and Y amamori, T. (2009). Expression of immediate-early genes reveals
functional compartments within ocular dominance columns after brief monocular inactivation. Proc. Natl. A cad.
Sci. USA 106, 12151-12155. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧
Takaji, M., Komatsu, Y ., Watakabe, A ., Hashikawa, T., and Y amamori, T. (2009). Paraneoplastic antigen-like5 gene (PN M A5) is preferentially expressed in the association areas in a primate specific manner. Cereb.
Cortex. 19, 2865 - 2879.
Watakabe, A . (2009). Comparative molecular neuroanatomy of mammalian neocortex: What can gene
expression tell us about areas and layers? Dev. Growth Differ. 51, 343-354.
Moroni, R.F., Inverardi, F., Regondi, M.C., Watakabe, A ., Y amamori, T., Spreafico, R., and Frassoni, C.
(2009). Expression of layer-specific markers in the adult neocortex of B C N U-treated rat, a model of corticaldysplasia. Neuroscience 159, 682-691.
Watakabe, A ., Komatsu, Y ., Sadakane, O., Shimegi, S., Takahata, T., Higo, N., Tochitani, S., Hashikawa, T.,
Naito, T., Osaki, H., Sakamoto, H., Okamoto, M., Ishikawa, A ., Hara, S., A kasaki, T., Sato, H., andY amamori, T. (2009). Enriched expression of serotonin 1B and 2A receptor genes in macaque visual cortex
and their bidirectional modulatory effects on neuronal responses. Cerebral Cortex 19, 1915 - 1928.

㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧

− 251 −

2008 ᖺHirokawa, J., Watakabe, A ., Ohsawa, S., and Y amamori, T. (2008). Analysis of Area-Specific Expression
Patterns of RORbeta, ER81 and Nurr1 mRN As in Rat Neocortex by Double In Situ Hybridization and Cortical
Box Method. PLoS O N E 3, e3266.
Lyckman, A .W., Horng, S., Leamey, C. A ., Tropea, D., Watakabe, A ., V an Wart, A ., McCurry, C., Y amamori,T., and Sur, M. (2008). Gene expression patterns in visual cortex during the critical period: Synaptic
stabilization and reversal by visual deprivation. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 105, 9409-9414.
Hirokawa, J., Bosch, M., Sakata, S., Sakurai, Y ., and Y amamori, T. (2008). Functional role of the secondaryv isual cortex in multisensory facilitation in rats. Neuroscience 153, 1402-1417.
Takahata, T., Hashikawa, T., Higo, N., Tochitani, S., and Y amamori, T. (2008). Difference in sensory
dependence of occ1/Follistatinrelated protein expression between macaques and mice. J. Chem. Neuroanat. 35,
146-157.

ග⬻ᅇ㊰㸦ᯇᓮ◊㸧
2010 ᖺ
K antevari, S., Matsuzaki, M., K anemoto, Y ., K asai, H., and Ellis-Davies, G.C.R. (2010). Two-color,
two-photon uncaging of glutamate and G A B A . Nat. Methods 7, 123-125.
Matsuzaki, M., Hayama, T., K asai, H., and Ellis-Davies, G.C.R. (2010). Two-photon uncaging of
Ȗ-aminobutyric acid in intact brain tissue. Nat. Chem. Biol. 6, 255-257.
Obi, N., Momotake, A ., K anemoto, Y ., Matsuzaki, M., K asai, H., and Arai, T. (2010).
1-A cyl-5-methoxy-8-nitro-1,2-dihydroquinoline: A biologically useful phtolabile precursor of carboxylic acids.
Tetrahedron Lett. 51, 1642-1647.

⚄⤒⏕⌮Ꮫ㸦Ώ㎶ G㸧
2010 ᖺ
Hiyama, T. Y ., Matsuda, S., Fujikawa, A ., Matsumoto, M., Watanabe, E., K ajiwara, H., Niimura, F., and Noda,
M. (2010). Autoimmunity to the sodium-level sensor in the brain causes essential hypernatremia, Neuron 66,
508-522.
Matsunaga, W., and, Watanabe, E. (2010). Habituation of medaka (Oryzias latipes) demonstrated by open-fieldtesting. Behav. Processes 85, 142-150.
Watanabe, E., Matsunaga, W., and K itaoka, A . (2010). Motion signals deflect relative positions of moving
objects. V ision Res. 50, 2381-2390.

⚄⤒⏕໬Ꮫ㸦➲ᒸ G㸧
2010 ᖺ
Kusaka, M., K atoh-Fukui, Y ., Ogawa,H., Miyabayashi, K ., Baba, T., Shima, Y ., Sugiyama, N., Sugimoto, Y .,Okuno, Y ., Kodama, R., Iizuka-Kogo, A ., Senda, T., Sasaoka, T., K itamura, K ., A izawa, S., and Morohashi,
K .-I. (2010). Abnormal epithelial cell polarity and ectopic epidermal growth factor receptor (E G FR) expression
induced in Emx2 K O embryonic gonads. Endocrinology 151, 5893-5904.

2009 ᖺ
Tao, H., Suzuki, M., K iyonari, H., Abe, T., Sasaoka, T., and Ueno, N. (2009). Mouse prickle1, the homologo f a PCP gene, is essential for epiblast apical-basal polarity. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. USA , 93, 2110-2115.

2008 ᖺ
K awasaki, K ., Watabe, T., Sase, H., Hirashima, M., Koide, H., Morishita, Y ., Yuki, K ., Sasaoka, T., Suda, T.,
K atsuki, M., Miyazono, K ., and Miyazawa, K . (2008). Ras signaling directs endothelial specification of
V E G FR2+ vascular progenitor cells. J. Cell Biol. 181, 131-141.

ࢤࣀ࣒ືែ㸦ᇼෆ◊㸧
2009 ᖺ
Johzuka, K ., and Horiuchi, T. (2009). The cis-element and factors required for condensin recruitment tochromosome. Mol. Cell 34, 26-35. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧− 252 −

ศᏊ㑇ఏᏛ㸦㣤⏣◊㸧
2009 ᖺ
Hoshino, A., Park, K.I., and Iida, S. (2009). Identification of r mutations conferring white flowers in the Japanesemorning glory, Ipomoea nil. J. Plant Res. 122, 215-222.
Shimatani, Z., Takagi, K., Eun, C.H., Maekawa, M., Takahara, H., Hoshino, A., Qian, Q., Terada, R.,
Johzuka-Hisatomi, Y., Iida, S., and Tsugane, K. (2009). Characterization of autonomous Dart1 transposons
belonging to the hAT superfamily in rice. Mol. Gen. Genomics 281, 329-344.
Ikeda-Kawakatsu, K., Yasuno, N., Oikawa, T., Iida, S., Nagato, Y., Maekawa., M., and K yozuka, J. (2009).
Expression level of ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION determines rice inflorescence form through control
of cell proliferation in the meristem. Plant Physiol. 150, 736-747.
Y amauchi, T., Johzuka-Hisatomi, Y ., Fukada-Tanaka, S., Terada, R., Nakamura, I., and Iida, S. (2009).
Homologous recombination-mediated knock-in targeting of the MET1a gene for maintenance D N A
methyltransferase reproducibly reveals dosage-dependent spatiotemporal gene expression in rice. Plant J. 60,
386-396.

2008 ᖺ
Johzuka-Hisatomi, Y ., Terada, R., and Iida, S. (2008). Efficient transfer of base changes from a vector to therice genome by homologous recombination: involvement of heteroduplex formation and mismatch correction.
Nucleic A cids Res. 36, 4727-4735.
K itazawa, D., Miyazawa, Y ., Fujii, N., Hoshino, A ., Iida, S., Nitasaka, E., and Takahashi, H. (2008). The
gravity-regulated growth of axillary buds is mediated by a mechanism different from decapitation-induced
release. Plant Cell Physiol. 49, 891-900.
Y amauchi, T., Moritoh, S., Johzuka-Hisatomi, Y ., Ono, A ., Terada, R., Nakamura, I., and Iida, S. (2008).
A lternative splicing of the rice OsMET1 genes encoding maintenance D N A methyltransferase. J. Plant Physiol.
165, 1774-1782.
Nishimura, H., Ahmed, N., Tsugane, K ., Iida, S., and Maekawa, M. (2008). Distribution and mapping of anactive autonomous aDart element responsible for mobilizing nonautonomous nDart1 transposons in cultivatedrice varieties. Theor. Appl. Genet. 116, 395-405.

⏕≀㐍໬㸦㛗㇂㒊◊㸧
2010 ᖺ
Hayashi, K ., Horie, K ., Hiwatashi, Y ., Kawaide, H., Yamaguchi, S., Hanada, A ., Nakashima, T., Nakajima, M.,
Mander, L.N., Y amane, H., Hasebe, M., and Nozaki, H. (2010). Endogenous diterpenes derived froment-kaurene, a common gibberellin precursor, regulate protonema differentiation of the moss Physcomitrella
patens. Plant Physiol. 153, 1085-1097.
Mikami, K ., Saavedra, L., Hiwatashi, Y ., Uji, T., Hasebe, M., and Sommarin, M. (2010). A dibasic amino acidpair conserved in the activation loop directs plasma membrane localization and is necessary for activity of plantt ype I/II phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase. Plant Physiol. 153, 1004-1015.
Ohshima, I., Tanikawa-Dodo, Y ., Saigusa, T., Nishiyama, T., K itani, M., Hasebe, M., and Mohri, H. (2010).
Phylogeny, biogeography, and host-plant association in the subfamily Apaturinae (Insecta: Lepidoptera:
Nymphalidae) inferred from eight nuclear and seven mitochondrial genes. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 57,
1026-1036. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧
Yokoyama, R., Uwagaki, Y ., Sasaki, H., Harada, T., Hiwatashi, Y ., Hasebe, M., and Nishitani, K . (2010).
Biological implications of the occurrence of 32 members of the X T H (xyloglucan
endotransglucosylase/hydrolase) family of proteins in the bryophyte Physcomitrella patens. Plant J. 64,
645-656.

2009 ᖺ
Okano, Y ., Aono, N., Hiwatashi, Y ., Murata, T., Nishiyama, T., Ishikawa, T., Kubo, M., and Hasebe, M.
(2009). A polycomb repressive complex 2 gene regulates apogamy and gives evolutionary insights into early
land plant evolution. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 106, 16321-16326. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧
Miyazaki, S., Murata, T., Sakurai-Ozato, N., Kubo, M., Demura, T., Fukuda, H., and Hasebe, M. (2009).
ANXUR1 and 2, sister genes to F ERONIA/SIRENE, are male factors for coordinated fertilization. Curr. Biol. 19,
1327-1331. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧
Oda, Y ., Hirata, A ., Sano, T., Fujita, T., Hiwatashi, Y ., Sato, Y ., K adota, A ., Hasebe, M., and Hasezawa, S.
(2009). Microtubules regulate dynamic organization of vacuoles in Physcomitrella patens. Plant Cell Physiol.
50, 855-868.
− 253 −

Kofuji, R., Yoshimura, T., Inoue, H., Sakakibara, K ., Hiwatashi, Y ., Kurata, T., Aoyama, T., Ueda, K ., andHasebe, M. (2009). Gametangia development in the moss Physcomitrella patens. In The Moss
Physcomitrella patens, D. Cove, F. Perroud, and C. Knight, eds. (Wiley-Blackwell), pp. 167-181.

2008 ᖺ
Hiwatashi, Y ., Obara, M., Sato, Y ., Fujita, T., Murata, T., and Hasebe, M. (2008). K inesins are indispensable
for interdigitation of phragmoplast microtubules in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Plant Cell 20, 3094-3106.
Morinaga, S.-I., A .J. Nagano, S. Miyazaki, M. Kubo, T. Demura, H. Fukuda, S. Sakai, and M. Hasebe. (2008).
Ecogenomics of cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowering: genome-wide gene expression patterns fromcross-species microarray analysis in Cardamine kokaiensis (Brassicaceae). Journal of Ecology 96, 1086-1097.
Inouye, T., Odahara, M., Fujita, T., Hasebe, M., and Sekine, Y . (2008). Expression and complementation
analyses of a chloroplastlocalized homolog of bacterial Rec A in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Biosci.
Biotechnol. Biochem. 72, 1340-1347.
Sakakibara, K ., Nishiyama, T., Deguchi, H., and Hasebe, M. (2008). Class 1 K N O X genes are not involved inshoot development in the moss Physcomitrella patens but do function in sporophyte development. Evol. Dev.
10, 555-566.
Abe, J., Hiwatashi, Y ., Ito, M., Hasebe, M., and Sekimoto, H. (2008). Expression of exogenous genes under thecontrol of endogenous HSP70 and C A B promoters in the Closterium peracerosum-strigosumlittorale complex.
Plant Cell Physiol. 49, 625-632.
Fujita, T., Sakaguchi, H., Hiwatashi, Y ., Wagstaff, S. J., Ito, M., Deguchi, H., Sato, T., and Hasebe, M. (2008).
Convergent evolution of shoots in land plants: lack of auxin polar transport in moss shoots. Evol. Dev. 10,
176-186.
Rensing, S. A ., Lang, D., Zimmer, A ., Terry, A ., Salamov, A ., Shapiro, H., Nishiyama, T., Perroud, P.-F.,
Lindquist, E., K amisugi, Y ., Tanahashi, T., Sakakibara, K ., Fujita, T., Oishi, K ., Shin-I, T., Kuroki, Y ., Toyoda,
A ., Suzuki, Y, Hashimoto, S., Y amaguchi, K ., Sugano, S., Kohara, Y ., Fujiyama, A., Anterola, A ., Aoki, S.,
Ashton, N., Barbazuk, W.B., Barker, E., Bennetzen, J., Blankenship, R., Cho, S. H., Dutcher, S. K ., Estelle, M.,
Fawcett, J. A ., Gundlach, H., Hanada, K ., Hey, A ., Hicks, K . A ., Hughes, J., Lohr, M., Mayer, K ., Melkozernov,
A ., Murata, T., Nelson, D., Pils, B., Prigge, M., Reiss, B., Renner, T., Rombauts, S., Rushton, P., Sanderfoot,A ., Schween, G., Shiu, S.-H., Stueber, K ., Theodoulou, F.L., Tu, H., de Peer, Y . V ., V errier, P.J., Waters, E.,
Wood, A ., Y ang, L., Cove, D., Cuming, A .C., Hasebe, M., Lucas, S., Mishler, B.D., Reski, R., Grigoriev, I. V .,Quatrano, R. S., and Boore, J.L. (2008). The genome of the moss Physcomitrella patens reveals evolutionary
insights into the conquest of land by plants. Science 319, 64-69. 㸦3࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧ᵓ㐀ከᵝᛶ㸦ඣ⋢㹅㸧
2010 ᖺ
Kusaka, M., K atoh-Fukui, Y ., Ogawa,H., Miyabayashi, K ., Baba, T., Shima, Y ., Sugiyama, N., Sugimoto, Y .,Okuno, Y ., Kodama, R., Iizuka-Kogo, A ., Senda, T., Sasaoka, T., K itamura, K ., A izawa, S., and Morohashi,
K .-I. (2010). Abnormal epithelial cell polarity and ectopic epidermal growth factor receptor (E G FR) expression
induced in Emx2 K O embryonic gonads. Endocrinology 151, 5893-5904.

ඹ⏕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦ᕝཱྀ◊㸧
2010 ᖺ
Miyazawa, H., Oka-K ira, E., Sato, N., Takahashi, H., Wu, G. J., Sato, S., Hayashi, M., Betsuyaku., S.,
Nakazono, M., Tabata, S., Harada, K ., Sawa, S., Fukuda, H., and K awaguchi, M. (2010). A receptor-like kinase,
K L A V IER, mediates systemic regulation of nodulation and non-symbiotic shoot development in Lotus
japonicus. Development 137, 4317-4325. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧
Yoshida, C., Funayama-Noguchi, S., and K awaguchi, M. (2010). plenty, a novel hypernodulation mutant in
Lotus japonicus. Plant Cell Physiol. 51, 1425-1435.
Groth, M., Takeda, N., Perry, J., Uchida, H., Dräxl, S., Sato, S., Tabata, S., K awaguchi, M., Wang, T. L., andParniske, M. (2010). N E N A a Lotus japonicus homolog of Sec13, is required for rhizodermal infection byarbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and rhizobia but dispensable for cortical endosymbiotic development. Plant Cell
22, 2509-2526.
Ruzicka, K ., Strader, L. C., Bailly, A ., Y ang, H., Blakeslee, J., Langowski, L., Nejedlá, E., Fujita, H., Itoh,H., Syono, K ., Hejátko, J., Gray, W. M., Martinoia, E., Geisler, M., Bartel, B., Murphy, A . S., and Friml,j J.
(2010). Arabidopsis PIS1 encodes the A B C G37 transporter of auxinic compounds including the auxin
precursor indole-3-butyric acid. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 107, 10749-10753.
− 254 −

2009 ᖺHakoyama, T., Niimi, K ., Watanabe, H., Tabata, R., Matsubara, J., Sato, S., Nakamura, Y ., Tabata, S., Li, J.,
Matsumoto, T., Tatsumi, K ., Nomura, M., Tajima, S., Ishizaka, M., Y ano, K ., Imaizumi-Anraku, H.,
K awaguchi, M., Kouchi, H., and Suganuma, N. (2009). Host plant genome overcomes a lack of bacterial genefor symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Nature 462, 514-517.
Okamoto, S., Ohnishi, E., Sato, S., Takahashi, H., Nakazono, M., Tabata, S., and Kawaguchi, M. (2009). Nod
factor/nitrate-induced CLE genes that drive H A R1-mediated systemic regulation of nodulation.㻌 Plant Cell
Physiol. 50, 67-77.
K aras, B., Amyot, L., Johansen, C., Sato, S., Tabata, S., K awaguchi, M., and Szczyglowski, K . (2009).
Conservation of Lotus and Arabidopsis basic helix- loop-helix proteins reveals new players in root hairdevelopment. Plant Physiol. 151, 1175-1185.
Kubo, M., Ueda, H., Park, P., K awaguchi, M., and Sugimoto, Y . (2009). Reactions of Lotus japonicus ecotypes
and mutants to root parasitic plants. J. Plant Physiol. 166, 353-362 .
Magori, S., Oka-K ira, E., Shibata, S., Umehara, Y ., Kouchi, H., Hase, Y ., Tanaka, A ., Sato, S., Tabata, S., andK awaguchi, M. (2009). TO O MU C H LOVE, a root regulator associated with the long-distance control of
nodulation in Lotus japonicus. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 22, 259-268.
Takeda, N., Sato S., Asamizu, E., Tabata, S., and Parniske, M. (2009). Apoplastic plant subtilases support
arbuscular mycorrhiza development in Lotus japonicus. Plant J. 58, 766-777.
Maekawa-Yoshikawa, M., Müller, J., Takeda, N., Maekawa, T., Sato, S., Tabata, S., Perry, J., Wang, T.L.,
Groth, M., Brachmann, A ., and Parniske, M. (2009). The temperature-sensitive brush mutant of the legume
Lotus japonicus reveals a link between root development and nodule infection by rhizobia. Plant Physiol. 149,
1785-1796.
Maekawa, T., Maekawa-Yoshikawa, M., Takeda, N., Imaizumi-Anraku, H., Murooka, Y ., and Hayashi, M.
Gibberellin controls the nodulation signaling pathway in Lotus japonicus. (2009). Plant J. 58, 183-194ࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫ㸦ᡂ℩㹅㸧
2010 ᖺ
K ato, M., Takehana, Y ., Sakaizumi, M., and Hamaguchi, S. (2010). A sex-determining region on the Y
chromosome controls the sex-reversal ratio in interspecific hybrids between Oryzias curvinotus females andOryzias latipes males. Heredity 104, 191-195.
K imura, T., and Naruse, K . (2010). M-marker 2009, a marker set for mapping medaka mutants using PCRlength polymorphisms with an automated microchip gel electrophoresis system. Biotechniques. 49, 582-583.
Kuroyanagi, Y ., Okuyama, T., Suehiro, Y ., Imada, H., Shimada, A ., Naruse, K ., Takeda, H., Kubo, T., andTakeuchi, H. (2010). Proliferation zones in adult medaka (Oryzias latipes) brain. Brain Res. 1323, 33-40.
Miura, F., Tsukamoto, K ., Mehta, R.B., Naruse, K ., Magtoon, W., and Nonaka, M. (2010). Transspecies
dimorphic allelic lineages of the proteasome subunit ß-type 8 gene (PSMB8) in the teleost genus Oryzias. Proc.
Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 107, 21599-21604.
Suehiro, Y ., K inoshita, M., Okuyama, T., Shimada, A ., Naruse, K ., Takeda, H., Kubo, T., Hashimoto, M., andTakeuchi, H. (2010). Transient and permanent gene transfer into the brain of the teleost fish medaka (Oryzias
latipes) using human adenovirus and the Cre-loxP system. F E BS Lett. 584, 3545-3549.
Tani, S., Kusakabe, R., Naruse, K ., Sakamoto, H., and Inoue, K . (2010). Genomic organization and embryonicexpression of miR-430 in medaka (Oryzias latipes): insights into the post-transcriptional gene regulation inearly development. Gene 449, 41-49.
Y amazaki, Y ., A kashi, R., Banno, Y ., Endo, T., Ezura, H., Fukami Kobayashi, K ., Inaba, K ., Isa, T., K amei, K .,K asai, F., Kobayashi, M., Kurata, N., Kusaba, M., Matuzawa, T., Mitani, S., Nakamura, T., Nakamura, Y .,Nakatsuji, N., Naruse, K ., Niki, H., Nitasaka, E., Obata, Y ., Okamoto, H., Okuma, M., Sato, K ., Serikawa, T.,
Shiroishi, T., Sugawara, H., Urushibara, H., Y amamoto, M., Y aoita, Y ., Yoshiki, A ., and Kohara, Y . (2010).
N BRP databases: databases of biological resources in Japan. Nucleic A cids Res. 38, D26-D32.

2009 ᖺ
Hashimoto, H., Miyamoto, R., Watanabe, N., Shiba, D., Ozato, K ., et al. (2009). Polycystic kidney disease in
the medaka (Oryzias latipes) pc mutant caused by a mutation in the Gli-similar3 (glis3) gene. PLoS O N E 4,e6299.

− 255 −

Abe, K ., K laften, M., Narita, A ., K imura, T., Imai, K ., K imura, M., Rubio-A liaga, I., Wagner, S., Jakob, T., andHrabé de Angelis, M. (2009). Genome-wide search for genes that modulate inflammatory arthritis caused by
A li18 mutation in mice. Mamm Genome. 20, 152-161.

2008 ᖺ
Ahsan, B., Kobayashi, D., Yamada, T., K asahara, M., Sasaki, S., Saito, T. L., Nagayasu, Y ., Doi, K ., Nakatani,
Y ., Qu, W., et al. (2008). U T G B/medaka: genomic resource database for medaka biology. Nucleic A cids Res.
36(Database issue), D747-D752.
Miyake, A ., Higashijima, S., Kobayashi, D., Narita, T., Jindo, T., Setiamarga, D. H., Ohisa, S., Orihara, N.,
Hibiya, K ., Konno, S., et al., (2008). Mutation in the abcb7 gene causes abnormal iron and fatty acidmetabolism in developing medaka fish. Dev. Growth Differ. 50, 703-716.
Nakamura, S., Aoki, Y ., Saito, D., Kuroki, Y ., Fujiyama, A ., Naruse, K ., and Tanaka, M. (2008).
Sox9b/sox9a2-E G FP transgenic medaka reveals the morphological reorganization of the gonads and a common
precursor of both the female and male supporting cells. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75, 472-476.
Nagai, T., Takehana, Y ., Hamaguchi, S., and Sakaizumi, M. (2008). Identification of the sex-determining locus
in the Thai medaka, Oryzias minutillus. Cytogenet. Genome Res. 121, 137-142.
Sasado, T., Y asuoka, A ., Abe, K ., Mitani, H., Furutani-Seiki, M., Tanaka, M., and Kondoh, H. (2008). Distinct
contributions of C X CR4b and C X CR7/RD C1 receptor systems in regulation of PG C migration revealed by
medaka mutants kazura and yanagi. Dev. Biol. 320, 328-339.
Takehana, Y ., Hamaguchi, S., and Sakaizumi, M. (2008). Different origins of Z Z/Z W sex chromosomes inclosely related medaka fishes, Oryzias javanicus and O. hubbsi. Chromosome Res. 16, 801-811.

ከᵝᛶ⏕≀Ꮫ㸦኱㔝 G㸧2010 ᖺ
Fujiwara, A ., Unuma, T., Ohno, K ., and Y amano, K . (2010). Molecular characterization of the major yolk
protein of the Japanese common sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) and its expression profile duringo varian development. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol. 155, 34-40.

2009 ᖺ
Mita, M., Yoshikuni, M., Ohno, K ., Shibata, Y ., Paul-Prasanth, B., Pitchayawasin, S., Isobe, M., andNagahama, Y . (2009). A relaxin-like peptide purified from radial nerves induces oocyte maturation ando vulation in the starfish, Asterina pectinifera. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 106, 9507-9512.

2008 ᖺ
K ato, S., Tsurumaru, S., Taga, M., Y amane, T., Shibata, Y ., Ohno, K ., Fujiwara, A ., Y amano, K ., andYoshikuni, M. (2009). Neuronal peptides induce oocyte maturation and gamete spawning of sea cucumber,
Apostichopus japonicus. Developmental Biology 326, 169-176. 㸦3࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧ከᵝᛶ⏕≀Ꮫ㸦㙊⏣ G㸧2010 ᖺ
K amada, Y ., Yoshino, K ., Kondo, C., K awamata, T., Oshiro, N., Yonezawa, K ., and Ohsumi, Y . (2010). Tor
directly controls the A tg1 kinase complex to regulate autophagy. Mol. Cell. Biol. 30, 1049-1058.
㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧ከᵝᛶ⏕≀Ꮫ㸦ᑎ⏣ G㸧2010 ᖺ
Terada, R., Nagahara M., Furukawa K ., Shimamoto, M., Y amaguchi, K ., and Iida S. (2010). Cre-loxP
mediated marker elimination and gene reactivation at the waxy locus created in rice genome based on strong
positive-negative selection. Plant Biotechnology 27, 29-37.

2009 ᖺ
Y amauchi, T., Johzuka-Hisatomi, Y ., Fukada-Tanaka, S., Terada, R., Nakamura, I., and Iida, S. (2009).
Homologous recombination-mediated knock-in targeting of the MET1a gene for maintenance D N A
methyltransferase reproducibly reveals dosage-dependent spatiotemporal gene expression in rice. Plant J. 60,
386-396.

− 256 −

ከᵝᛶ⏕≀Ꮫ㸦ᫍ㔝㹅㸧
2009 ᖺ
Hoshino, A ., Park, K .I., and Iida, S. (2009). Identification of r mutations conferring white flowers in theJapanese morning glory, Ipomoea nil. J. Plant Research 122, 215-222.
Shimatani, Z., Takagi, K ., Eun, C.H., Maekawa, M., Takahara, H., Hoshino, A ., Qian, Q., Terada, R.,
Johzuka-Hisatomi, Y ., Iida, S., and Tsugane, K . (2009). Characterization of autonomous Dart1 transposons
belonging to the hAT superfamily in rice. Mol. Gen. Genomics 281, 329-344.

ከᵝᛶ⏕≀Ꮫ㸦ᰢ᰿ G㸧2010 ᖺ
Takagi, K ., Maekawa, M., Y ., Tsugane, K ., and Iida, S. (2010). Transposition and target preferences of anactive nonautonomous D N A transposon nDart1 and its relatives belonging to the hAT superfamily in rice. Mol.
G en. Genomics 284, 343-355.

2009 ᖺ
Shimatani, Z., Takagi, K ., Eun, C.H., Maekawa, M., Takahara, H., Hoshino, A ., Qian, Q., Terada, R.,
Johzuka-Hisatomi, Y ., Iida, S., and Tsugane, K . (2009). Characterization of autonomous Dart1 transposons
belonging to the hAT superfamily in rice. Mol. Gen. Genomics 281, 329-344.

ከᵝᛶ⏕≀Ꮫ㸦ᒣཱྀ G㸧2010 ᖺNakayama, H., Y amaguchi, T., and Tsukaya, H. (2010). Expression patterns of AaDL, a CRABS CLAW
ortholog in Asparagus asparagoides (Asparagaceae), demonstrate a stepwise evolution of CRC/DL subfamily
YABBY genes. Amer. J. Bot. 97, 591–600.
Nelissen, H., De Groeve, S., Fleury, D., Neyt, P., Bruno, L., Bitonti, M.B., V andenbussche, F., V an Der
Straeten, D., Y amaguchi, T., Tsukaya, H., Witters, E., De Jaeger, G., Houben, A ., and V an Lijsebettens, M.
(2010). Plant Elongator regulates auxin-related genes during RN A polymerase II transcription elongation. Proc.
Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 107, 1678-1683.
Toriba, T., Suzaki, T., Y amaguchi, T., Ohmori, Y ., Tsukaya, H., and Hirano, H.Y . (2010). Distinct regulationof adaxial-abaxial polarity in anther patterning in rice. Plant Cell 22, 1452–1462.
Y amaguchi, T., Y ano, S., and Tsukaya, H. (2010). Genetic framework for flattened leaf blade formation in
unifacial leaves of Juncus prismatocarpus. Plant Cell 22, 2141–2155. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧ศᏊ⎔ቃ⏕≀Ꮫ㸦஭ཱྀ◊㸧
2010 ᖺ
Davis, L. K ., K atsu, Y ., Iguchi, T., Lerner, D.T., Hirano, T., and Grau, E.G. (2010). Transcriptional activity andbiological effects of mammalian estrogen receptor ligands on three hepatic estrogen receptors in Mozambiquetilapia. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 122, 272-278.
Hikake, T., Hayashi, S., Chambon, P., Watanabe, H., Iguchi, T., and Sato, T. (2010). Differential involvementof IG F-I and estrogen on prolactin cells in the mouse anterior pituitary. Exp. Biol. Med. 235, 974-980.
Horiguchi, T., Urushitani, H., Ohta, Y ., Iguchi, T., and Shiraishi, H. (2010). Establishment of a polyclonal
antibody against the retinoid X receptor of the rock shell Thais clavigera and its application to rock shell tissues
for imposex research. Ecotoxicology 19, 571-576.
K ato, Y ., Kobayashi, K ., Oda, S., Tatarazako, N., Watanabe, H., and Iguchi, T. (2010). Sequence divergenceand expression of a transformer gene in the branchiopod crustacean, Daphnia magna. Genomics 95, 160-165.
K ato, Y ., Kobayashi, K ., Watanabe, H., and Iguchi, T. (2010). Introduction of foreign D N A into the water flea,
Daphnia magna, by electroporation. Ecotoxicology 19, 589-592.
K atsu, Y . Kohno, S., Narita, H., Urushitani, H., Y amane, K ., Hara, A ., Clauss, T.M., Walsh, M.T., Miyagawa,S., Guillette L.J.Jr., and Iguchi, T. (2010). Cloning and functional characterization of Chondrichthyes, cloudy
catshark, Scyliorhinus torazame and whale shark, Rhincodon typus estrogen receptors. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.
168, 496-504.

− 257 −

K atsu, Y ., Kubokawa, K ., Urushitani, H., and Iguchi, T. (2010). Estrogen-dependent transactivation ofamphioxus steroid hormone receptor via both estrogen- and androgen-response elements. Endocirnology 151,
639-648.
K atsu, Y ., Matsubara, K ., Kohno, S., Matsuda, Y ., Toriba, M., Oka, K ., Guillette, L.J.Jr., Ohta, Y ., and Iguchi.
(2010). Molecular cloning, characterization and chromosome mapping of reptilian estrogen receptors.
Endocrinology 151, 5710-5720.
K atsu, Y ., Taniguchi, E., Urushitani, H., Miyagawa, S., Takase, M., Kubokawa, K., Tooi, O., Oka, T., Santo,N., Myburgh, J., Matsuno, A ., and Iguchi, T. (2010). Molecular cloning and characterization of ligand- andspecies-specificity of amphibian estrogen receptors. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 168, 220-230.
Kohno, S., K atsu, Y ., Urushitani, H., Ohta, Y., Iguchi, T., and Guillette, L.J.Jr. (2010). Potential contributionsof heat shock proteins to temperature-dependent sex determination in the American alligator. Sex. Devel. 4,
73-87.
0L\DJDZD 6 .DWVX < 2KWD < 6XGR 7 /XEDKQ '% DQG ,JXFKL 7   (VWURJHQ UHFHSWRU  LV
indispensable for the induction of persistent vaginal change by neonatal 5D-dihydrotestosterone exposure. Biol.
Reprod. 82, 497-503.
Moore, B.C., Milnes, M.R., Kohno, S., K atsu, Y ., Iguchi, T., and Guillette, L.J. (2010). Influences of sex,
incubation temperature, and environmental quality on gonadal estrogen and androgen receptor messenger RN A
expression in juvenile American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). Biol. Reprod. 82, 194-201.
Oda, S., K ato, Y ., Watanabe, H., Tatarazako, N., and Iguchi, T. (2010). Morphological changes in Daphnia
galeata induced by a crustacean terpenoid hormone and its analog. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 30, 232-238.
Saitoh, Y ., Hikake, T., Hayashi, S., Iguchi, T., and Sato, T. (2010). Involvement of insulin-like growth
factor-I for the regulation of prolactin synthesis by estrogen and postnatal proliferation of lactotrophs in themouse anterior pituitary. Cell Tiss. Res. 340, 147-158.

2009 ᖺ
Grim, K .C., Wolfe, M., Braunbeck, T., Iguchi, T., Ohta, Y . Tooi., O., Touart, L., Douglas, C., Wolf, D.C.,
and Tietge, J. (2009). Thyroid histopathology assessments for the amphibian metamorphosis assay to detect
thyroid-active substances. Tox. Pathol., 37, 415-424.
Hikake, T., Hayashi, S., Iguchi T., and Sato, T. (2009). The role of IG F1 on the differentiation of prolactin
secreting cells in the mouse anterior pituitary. J. Endocrinol., 203, 231-240.
K im, H., Hayashi, S., Chambon, P., Watanabe, H., Iguchi, T., and Sato, T. (2009). Effects ofdiethylstilbestrol on ovarian follicle development in neonatal mice. Reprod. Toxicol., 27, 55-62.
K im, H., Nakajima, T., Hayashi, S., Chambon, P., Watanabe, H., Iguchi, T., and Sato, T. (2009). Effects ofdiethylstilbestrol on programmed oocyte death and induction of polyovular follicles in neonatal mouseovaries. Biol. Reprod., 81, 1002-1009.
K irigawa, A ., K im., Hayashi, S., Chambon, P., Watanabe, H., Iguchi, T., and Sato, T. (2009). Involvement of
estrogen receptor E in the induction of polyovular follicles in mouse ovaries exposed neonatally todiethylstilbestrol. Zool. Sci., 26, 704-712.
Lange, A ., Paull, G.C., Coe, T.S., K atsu, Y ., Urushitani, H., Iguchi, T., and Tyler, C.R. (2009). Sexual
reprogramming and estrogenic sensitization in wild fish exposed to ethinylestradiol. Environ. Sci. Technol.,43, 1219-1225.
Miyagawa, S., Moon, A ., Haraguchi, R., Inoue, C., Harada, M., Nakahara, C., Suzuki, K ., Matsumaru, D.,K aneko, T., Matsuo, I., Y ang, L., Taketo, M.M., Iguchi, T., Evans, S.M., and Y amada, G. (2009). Dosage
dependent hedgehog signals integrated with Wnt/ȕ-catenin signaling regulate external genitalia formation as
an appendicular program. Development, 136, 3969-3978.
Miyagawa, S., Satoh, Y ., Haraguchi, R., Suzuki, K ., Iguchi, T., Taketo, M.M., Nakagata, N., Matsumoto, T.,
Takeyama, K ., K ato, S., and Y amada, G. (2009). Genetic integrations of the androgen and Wnt/E-catenin
pathways for the masculinization of external genitalia. Mol. Endocrinol., 23, 871-880.
Oka, T., Miyahara, M., Y amamoto, J., Mitsui, N., Fujii, T., Tooi, O., K ashiwagi, K ., Takase, M., K ashiwagi,
A ., and Iguchi, T. (2009). Application of metamorphosis assay to a native Japanese amphibian species, Ranarugosa, for assessing effects of thyroid system affecting chemicals. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety, 72,
1400-1405.
Tyler, C.R., Filby, A .L., Bickley, L. K ., Cumming, R.I., Gibson, R., Labadie, P., K atsu, Y ., Liney, K .E.,
Shears, J. A ., Silva-Castros, V ., Urushitani, H., Lange, A ., Winter, M.J., Iguchi, T., and Hill, E.M. (2009).
Environmental health impacts of equine estrogens derived from hormone replacement therapy. Enviorn. Sci.
Technol., 43, 3897-3904.

− 258 −

2008 ᖺK atsu, Y ., Ichikawa, R,, Ikeuchi, T., Kohno, S., Guillette, L.J.Jr., and Iguchi, T. (2008). Molecular cloning andcharacterization of estrogen, androgen and progesterone nuclear receptors from a freshwater turtle (Pseudemys
nelsoni). Endocrinology 249, 161-173.
K ato, Y ., Kobayashi, K ., Oda, S., Colborne, J. K ., Tatarazako, N., Watanabe, H., and Iguchi, T. (2008).
Molecular cloning and sexually dimorphic expression of D M-domain genes in Daphnia magna. Genomics 91,
94-101.
Kobayashi, T., Takita, Y ., Suzuki, A ., Katsu, Y ., Iguchi, T., and Ohta, Y . (2008). V acuolar degeneration ofskeletal muscle in transgenic mice overexpressing ORP150. J. V et. Med. Sci. 70, 115-118.
Nishida, H., Miyagawa, S., Matsumaru, D., Wada, Y ., Satoh, Y ., Ogino, Y ., Iguchi, T., Fukuda, S., Taga, T.,
and Y amada, G. (2008). Gene expression analyses on the embryonic expternal genitalia: identification ofregulatory genes possibly involved in masculinization processes. Congen. Anorm. 48, 63-67.
Milnes, M.R., Bryan, T. A ., K atsu, Y., Kohno, S., Moore, B.C., Iguchi, T., and Guillette, L.J.Jr. (2008).
Increased post hatching mortality and loss of sexually dimorphis gene expression in alligators (Alligator
mississippiensis) from a contaminated environment. Biol. Reprod. 78, 932-938.
Connon, R., Hooper, H.L., Sibly, R.M., Lim, F.L., Heckmann, L.H., Moore, D.J., Watanabe, H., Soetaert, A .,Cook, K ., Maund, S.J., Hutchinson, T.H., Moggs, J., DeCoen, W., Iguchi, T., and Callaghan, A . (2008).
Linking molecular and population stress responses in Daphnia magna exposed to cadmium. Environ. Sci.
Technol. 42, 2181-2188.
Oka, T., Tooi, O., Mitsui, N., Miyahara, M., Ohnishi, Y., Takase, M., K ashiwagi, A ., Shinkai, T., Santo, N.,
and Iguchi, T. (2008). Effect of atrazine on metamorphosis and sexual differentiation in Xenopus laevis. Aquat.
Toxicol. 87, 215-226.
Milnes, M.R., Garcia, A ., Grossman, E., Grun, F., Shiotsugu, J., Tabb, M.M., K awashima, Y ., K atsu, Y .,Watanabe, H., Iguchi, T., and Blumberg, B. (2008). A ctivation of steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SX R,
NR112) and its orthologs in laboratory, toxicological, and genome model species. Environ. Health Perspect.
116, 880-885.
Kohno, S., Bermudez, D., K atsu, Y ., Iguchi, T., and Guillette, L.J.Jr. (2008). Gene expression patterns injuvenile American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) exposed to environmental contaminants. Aquat.
Toxicol. 88, 95-101.
Lange, A ., K atsu, Y ., Ichikawa, R., Paull, G.C., Chidgey, L.L., Coe, T.S., Iguchi, T., and Tyler, C.R. (2008).
A ltered sexual development in roach (Rutilus rutilus) exposed to environmental concentrations of thepharmaceutical 17Į-ethinylestradiol and associated expression dynamics of aromatases and estrogen receptors.
Tox. Sci. 106, 113-123.
Nakamura, T., K atsu, Y ., Watanabe, H., and Iguchi, T. (2008). Estrogen receptor subtypes selectively mediate
female mouse reproductive abnormalities induced by neonatal exposure to estrogenic chemicals. Toxicology
253, 117-124.
Naido, V ., K atsu, Y ., and Iguchi, T. (2008). The influence of non-toxic concentrations of D D T and D D E on theold world vulture estrogen receptor a. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 159, 188-195.
Watanabe, H., Kobayashi, K., K ato, Y ., Oda, S., Abe, R., Tatarazako, N., and Iguchi, T. (2008). Transcriptome
profiling in crustaceans as a tool for ecotoxicogenomics. Cell Biol. Toxicol. 24, 641-647.
K atsu, Y ., Kohno, S., Hyodo, S., Ijiri, S., Hara, A ., Guillette, L.J.Jr., and Iguchi, T. (2008). Molecular cloning,
characterization and evolutionary analysis of estrogen receptors from phylogenetically ancient fish.
Endocrinology 149, 6300-6310.

⎔ቃග⏕≀Ꮫ㸦ⓙᕝ◊㸧2010 ᖺ
Hohmann-Marriott, M.F., Takizawa, K ., Eaton-Rye, J.J., Mets, L., and Minagawa, J. (2010). The redox state of
the plastoquinone pool directly modulates minimum chlorophyll fluorescence yield in Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii. F E BS Lett. 584, 1021-1026.
Iwai, M., Takizawa, K ., Tokutsu, R., Okamuro, A ., Takahashi, Y ., and Minagawa, J. (2010). Isolation of theelusive supercomplex that drives cyclic electron flow in photosynthesis. Nature 464, 1210-1213.
Iwai, M., Yokono, M., Inada, N., and Minagawa, J. (2010). Live-cell imaging of photosystem II antennadissociation during state transitions. Proc. Natl A cad. Sci. USA 107, 2337-2342.

− 259 −

Swingley, W.D., Iwai, M., Chen, Y ., Ozawa, S.I., Takizawa, K ., Takahashi, Y ., and Minagawa, J. (2010).
Characterization of photosystem I antenna proteins in the prasinophyte Ostreococcus tauri. Biochim. Biophys.
A cta 1797, 1458-1464.

᳜≀Ⓨ⏕㑇ఏᏛ㸦ሯ㇂◊㸧ᐈဨ
2010 ᖺ
Ichihashi, Y ., Horiguchi, G., Gleissberg, S., and Tsukaya, H. (2010). The bH L H transcription factor SPA T U L A
controls final leaf size in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol. 51, 252-261.
K awade, K ., Horiguchi, G., and Tsukaya, H. (2010). Non-cell-autonomously coordinated organ-size regulationin leaf development. Development 137, 4221-4227. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫࢆᥖ㍕㸧
K awamura, E., Horiguchi, G., and Tsukaya, H. (2010). Mechanisms of leaf tooth formation in Arabidopsis.
Plant J. 62, 429–441.
K azama, T., Ichihashi, Y ., Murata, S., and Tsukaya, H. (2010). The mechanism of cell cycle arrest front
progression explained by a K L U H/C YP78A5-dependent mobile growth factor in developing leaves of
Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol. 51, 1046–1054.
Kozuka, T., Kobayashi, J., Horiguchi, G., Demura, T., Sakakibara, H., Tsukaya, H., and Nagatani, A . (2010).
Involvement of auxin and brassinosteroid in the regulation of petiole elongation under the shade. Plant Physiol.
153, 1608–1618.
Nakayama, H., Y amaguchi, T., and Tsukaya, H. (2010). Expression patterns of AaDL, a CRABS CLAW
ortholog in Asparagus asparagoides (Asparagaceae), demonstrate a stepwise evolution of CRC/DL subfamilyof YABBY genes. Amer. J. Bot. 97, 591-600.
Nelissen, H., De Groeve, S., Fleury, D., Neyt, P., Bruno, L., Bitonti, M.B., V andenbussche, F., V an Der
Straeten, D., Y amaguchi, T., Tsukaya, H., Witters, E., De Jaeger, G., Houben, A ., and V an Lijsebettens, M.
(2010). Plant Elongator regulates auxin-related genes during RN A polymerase II transcription elongation. Proc.
Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 107, 1678-1683.
Okada, H., and Tsukaya, H. (2010). A New species of Piptospatha (Araceae: Schismatoglottideae) from WestK alimantan, Indonesian Borneo. A cta Phytotax. Geobot. 61, 87-92.
Shirasu, M., Fujioka, K ., K akishima, S., Nagai, S., Tomizawa, Y ., Tsukaya, H., Murata, J., Manome, Y ., andTouhara, K . (2010). Chemical indentity of a rotting animal-like odor emitted from the inflorescence of the
Titan Arum (Amorphophallus titanium). Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 74, 2550-2554.
Toriba, T., Suzaki, T., Y amaguchi, T., Ohmori, Y ., Tsukaya, H., and Hirano, H. (2010). Distinct regulation of
adaxial-abaxial polarity in anther patterning in rice. Plant Cell 22, 1452-1462.
Tsukaya, H., Nakajima, M., and Wu, S.-G. (2010). A new species of Phaius (Orchidaceae) from Yunnan,
China. Curtis’s Bot. Mag. 27, 339-347
Y amaguchi, T., Y ano, S., and Tsukaya, H. (2010). Genetic framework for flattened leaf blade formation in
unifacial leaves of Juncus prismatocarpus. Plant Cell 22, 2141–2155. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧

2009 ᖺ
Fujikura, U., Horiguchi, G., Ponce, M.R., Micol, J.L., and Tsukaya, H. (2009). Coordination of cellproliferation and cell expansion mediated by ribosome-related processes in the leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Plant J. 59, 499–508.
Horiguchi, G., Gonzalez, N., Beemster, G.T.S., Inzé, D., and Tsukaya, H. (2009). Impact of segmental
chromosomal duplications on leaf size in the grandifolia-D mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 60,
122-133.
Ishikawa, N., Yokoyama, J., and Tsukaya, H. (2009). Molecular evidence of reticulate evolution in thesubgenus Plantago (Plantaginaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 96, 1627–1635. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧Usami, T., Horiguchi, G., Y ano, S. and Tsukaya, H. (2009). The more and smaller cells mutants ofArabidopsis thaliana identify novel roles for SQ UAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIK E genes in
the control of heteroblasty. Development 136, 955-964. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧

2008 ා
Cho, K .-H., Tsukaya, H., and K im, G.-T. (2008). Characterization of a dehydrogenase motif and an uORF in
Arabidopsis ANG USTI F OLIA gene. Plant Biotech. 25, 365-368.
Lin, X ., Minamisawa, N., Takechi, K ., Zhang, W., Sato, H., Takio, S., Tsukaya, H., and Takano, H. (2008).
I solation and characterization of the Larix gmelini ANG USTI F OLIA (LgAN) gene. Planta 228, 601-608.
− 260 −Nagano, A ., Fukazawa, M., Hayashi, M., Ikeuchi, M., Tsukaya, H., Nishimura, M., and Hara-Nishimura, I.
(2008). A tMap1: a D N A Microarray for Genomic Deletion Mapping in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 56,
1058-1065.
Tsukaya, H., Yokoyama, J., Imaichi, R., and Ohba, H. (2008). Taxonomic status of Monotropastrum humile,with special reference to M. humile var. glaberrimum (Ericaceae, Monotropoideae). J. Plant Res. 121, 271-278.
Y ahara T., and Tsukaya H. (2008). Oxygyne yamashitae, a new species of Thismiaceae from Y aku Island,
Japan. A cta Phytotax. Geobot. 59, 97-104.
Yokoyama, J., Koizumi, Y ., Yokota, M., and Tsukaya, H. (2008). Phylogenetic position of Oxygyne shinzatoi(Burmanniaceae) inferred from 18S rD N A sequences. J. Plant Res. 121, 27-32.

ග⎔ቃᏛ㸦Ώ㎶◊㸧ᐈဨ2010 ᖺ
Fujiyoshi, S., Furuya, Y ., Iseki, M., Watanabe, M., and Matsushita, M. (2010). V ibrational microspectroscopyof single proteins. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 1, 2541–2545.
Ito, S., Murakami, A ., Iseki, M., Takahashi, T., Higashi, S., and Watanabe, M. (2010). Differentiation ofphotocycle characteristics of flavin-binding B L U F domains of D- and E-subunits of photoactivated adenylyl
cyclase of Euglena gracilis. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 9, 1327-1335.
K im, E., Park, J.S., Simpson, A .G., Matsunaga, S., Watanabe, M., Murakami, A ., Sommerfeld, K ., Onodera,
N.T., and Archibald, J.M. (2010). Complex array of endobionts in Petalomonas sphagnophila, a large
heterotrophic euglenid protist from Sphagnum-dominated peatlands. ISM E J. 4, 1108-1120.
Matsunaga, S., Uchida, H., Iseki, M., Watanabe, M., and Murakami, A . (2010). Flagellar motions in phototactic
steering in a brown algal swarmer. Photochem. Photobiol. 86, 374-381.

2009 ᖺ
Izawa, N., Suzuki, T., Watanabe, M., and Takeda, Makio. (2009). Characterization of arylalkylamine
N-acetyltransferase (A A N A T) activities and action spectrum for suppression in the band-legged cricket,
Dianemobius nigrofasciatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part B 152, 346–351.

2008 ᖺ
Maruyama, S., Misawa, K ., Iseki, M., Watanabe, M., and Nozaki, H. (2008). Origins of a cyanobacterial
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in plastid-lacking eukaryotes. B M C Evol. Biol. 8, 151 doi: 10. 1186 /1471-2148-8-151.
Ioki, M., Takahashi, S., Nakajima, N., Fujikura, K ., Tamaoki, M., Saji, H., Kubo, A ., Aono, M., K anna, M.,
Ogawa, D., Fukazawa, J., Oda, Y ., Yoshida, S., Watanabe, M., Hasezawa, S., and Kondo, N. (2008). An
unidentified ultraviolet-B-specific photoreceptor mediates transcriptional activation of the cyclobutane
pyrimidine dimmer photolyase gene in plants. Planta 229, 25-36.
Mori, E., Takahashi, A ., K itagawa, K ., K akei, S., Tsujinaka, D., Unno, M., Nishikawa, S., Ohnishi, K ., Hatoko,
M., Murata, N., Watanabe, M., Furusawa, Y ., and Ohnishi, T. (2008). Time course and spatial distribution ofU V effects on human skin in organ culture. J. Radiat. Res. (Tokyo) 49, 269-277.

⌮ㄽ⏕≀Ꮫ㸦ᮃ᭶㹅㸧
2009 ᖺ
Nakazato, K ., and Mochizuki, A . (2009). Steepness of thermal gradient is essential to obtain a unified viewof thermotaxis in C. elegans. J. theor. Biol. 260, 56-65.

2008 ᖺ
Mochizuki, A . (2008). Structure of regulatory networks and diversity of gene expression patterns. J. theor. Biol.
250, 307-321.

ࢤࣀ࣒᝟ሗ㸦ෆᒣ㹅㸧
2010 ᖺ
Uchiyama, I., Higuchi, T., and K awai, M. (2010). M B G D update 2010: toward a comprehensive resource for
exploring microbial genome diversity. Nucleic A cids Res. 38, D361-D365.

− 261 −

2009 ᖺBaba, T., Kuwahara-Arai, K ., Uchiyama, I., Takeuchi, F., Ito, T., and Hiramatsu, K . (2009). Complete genome
sequence determination of a Macrococcus caseolyticus strain JSCS5402 reflecting the ancestral genome of thehuman pathogenic staphylococci. J. Bacteriol. 191, 1180-1190.
Watanabe, S., Ito, T., Sasaki, T., Li, S., Uchiyama, I., K ishii, K ., K ikuchi, K ., Skov, R.L., and Hiramatsu, K .
(2009). Genetic diversity of staphylocoagulase genes (coa): insight into the evolution of variable chromosomal
v irulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS One 4, e5714.

2008 ᖺ
Uchiyama, I. (2008). Multiple genome alignment for identifying the core structure among moderately related
microbial genomes. B M C Genomics, 9, 515.
Nakayama, K ., Y amashita, A ., Kurokawa, K ., Morimoto, T., Ogawa, M., Fukuhara, M., Urakami, H., Ohnishi,
M., Uchiyama, I., Ogura, Y ., Ooka, T., Oshima, K ., Tamura, A ., Hattori, M., Hayashi, T. (2008). The
Whole-genome sequencing of the obligate intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi revealed massive
gene amplification during reductive genome evolution. D N A Res. 15, 185-199.

᫬✵㛫ไᚚ㸦㔝୰㹅㸧
2010 ᖺ
Hashimoto, M., Shinohara, K ., Wang, J., Ikeuchi, S., Yoshiba, S., Meno, C., Nonaka, S., Takada, S., Hatta, K .,Wynshaw-Boris, A ., and Hamada, H. (2010). Planar polarization of node cells determines the rotational axis ofnode cilia. Nat. Cell Biol. 12, 170-176.
Hirota, Y ., Meunier, A ., Huang, S., Shimozawa, T., Y amada, O., K ida, Y .S., Inoue, M., Ito, T., K ato, H.,
Sakaguchi, M., Sunabori, T., Nakaya, M., Nonaka, S., Ogura, T., Higuchi, H., Okano, H., Spassky, N., andSawamoto, K . (2010). Planar polarity of multiciliated ependymal cells involves the anterior migration of basal
bodies regulated by non-muscle myosin II. Development 137, 3037-3046.

⏕≀ᶵ⬟᝟ሗศᯒ㸦㔜ಙ㹅㸧
2010 ᖺ
Huang, T. -Y , Cook, C.E., Davis, G. K ., Shigenobu, S., Chen, R. P.-Y ., and Chang, C. -C. (2010). Anterior
development in the parthenogenetic and viviparous form of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum: hunchback
and orthodenticle expression. Insect Mol. Biol. 19, 75-85.
Legeai, F., Shigenobu, S., Gauthier, J., Colbourne, J., Rispe, C., Collin, O., Richards, R., Wilson, A ., and Tagu,
D. (2010). AphidBase: A centralized bioinformatic resource for annotation of the pea aphid genome. Insect Mol.
Biol. 19, 5-12.
Nakabachi, A ., Shigenobu, S., and Miyagishima, S. (2010). Chitinase-like proteins encoded in the genome ofthe pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum. Insect Mol. Biol. 19, 175-185.
Niwa, R., Namiki, T., Ito, K ., Shimada-Niwa, Y ., K iuchi, M., K awaoka, S., Kayukawa, T., Banno, Y .,Fujimoto, Y ., Shigenobu, S., Kobayashi, S., Shimada, T., K atsuma, S., and Shinoda, T. (2010). Non-molting
glossy/shroud encodes a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase that functions in the " Black Box " of theecdysteroid biosynthesis pathway. Development 137, 1991-1999.
Price, D.R.G., Tibbles, K ., Shigenobu, S., Smertenko, A ., Russel, C.W., Douglas, A .E., Fitches, E., Gatehouse,
A .M.R., and Gatehouse, J. A . (2010). Sugar Transporters of the Major Facilitator Superfamiliy in Aphids; From
Gene Prediction to Fucntional Characterization. Insect Mol. Biol. 19, 97-112.
Shigenobu, S., Bickel, R.D., Brisson, J. A ., Butts, T., Chang, C., Christiaens, O., Davis, G. K ., Duncan, E.J.,
Ferrier, D.E. K., Iga, M., Janssen, R., Lin, G., Lu, H., McGregor, A .P., Miura, T., Smagghe, G. Smith, J.M., vander Zee, M., V elarde, R., Wilson, M. J., Dearden, P.K ., and Stern, D.L. (2010). Comprehensive survey ofdevelopmental genes in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum: frequent lineage-specific duplications and losses
of developmental genes. Insect Mol. Biol. 19, 47-62.
Shigenobu, S., Richards, S., Cree, A .G., Morioka, M., Fukatsu, T., Kudo, T., Miyagishima, S., Gibbs, R. A .,Stern, D.L., and Nakabachi, A . (2010). A full-length cD N A resource for the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum.
Insect Mol. Biol. 19, 23-32.
The International Aphid Genomics Consortium. Genome Sequence of the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum.
PLoS Biol. 8, e1000313. 㸦3 ࡟ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨ࢆᥖ㍕㸧

− 262 −

ගᏛゎᯒ㸦ட஭㹅㸧
2010 ᖺ
Hayashi, Y ., Kobira, H., Y amaguchi, T., Shiraishi, E., Y azawa, T., Hirai, T., K amei, Y ., and K itano, T. (2010).
High temperature causes masculinization of genetically female medaka by elevation of cortisol level. Mol.
Reprod. Dev. 77, 679-686.
Ishikawa, T.#, K amei Y .#, Otozai, S., K im, J., Sato, A., Kuwahara, Y ., Tanaka, M., Deguchi, T., Inohara, H.,
Tsujimura, T., and Todo, T. (2010). High-resolution melting curve analysis for rapid detection of mutations in a
Medaka TIL LIN G library. B M C Mol. Biol. 11, 70. (#: equally contribution)
Oda, S., Mikami, S., Urushihara, Y ., Murata, Y ., K amei, Y ., Deguchi, T., K itano, T., Fujimori, K .E., Yuba, S.,
Todo, T., and Mitani, H. (2010). Identification of a functional Medaka heat shock promoter andcharacterization of its ability to induce in vitro and in vivo exogenous gene expression in Medaka. Zool. Sci. 27,
410-415.

኱ᆺࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣟࢢࣛࣇඹྠ฼⏝ᐇ㦂
2009 ᖺ
Izawa, N., Suzuki, T., Watanabe, M., and Takeda, M. (2009). Characterization of arylalkylamine
N-acetyltransferase (A A N AT) activities and action spectrum for suppression in the band-legged cricket,
Dianemobius nigrofasciatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B. 152, 346–351.
Suzuki, T., Izawa, N., Takeshima, T., Watanabe, M., and Takeda, M. (2009). A ction spectrum for the
suppression of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae.
Photochem. Pyotobiol. 85, 214-219.
Suzuki, T., Watanabe, M., and Takeda, M. (2009). U V tolerance in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus
urticae. J. Insect Physiol. 55, 649-654.

2008 ᖺ
Ikehata, H., Kawai, K ., Komura, J., Sakatsume, K ., Wang, L., Imai, M., Higashi, S., Nikaido, O., Y amamoto,K ., Hieda, K ., Watanabe, M., K asai, H., and Ono, T. (2008). U V A1 genotoxicity is mediated not by oxidative
damage but by cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in normal mouse skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 128, 2289-2296.
Ioki, M., Takahashi, S., Nakajima, N., Fujikura, K ., Tamaoki, M., Ioki, M., Takahashi, S., Nakajima, N.,
Fujikura, K ., Tamaoki, M., Saji, H., Kubo, A ., Aono, M., K anna, M., Ogawa, D., Fukazawa, J., Oda, Y .,Yoshida, S., Watanabe, M., Hasezawa, S., and Kondo, N. (2008). An unidentified ultraviolet-B-specificphotoreceptor mediates transcriptional activation of the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimmer photolyase gene inplants. Planta 229, 25-36.
Mori, E., Takahashi, A ., K itagawa, K ., K akei, S., Tsujinaka, D., Unno, M., Nishikawa, S., Ohnishi, K ., Hatoko,
M., Murata, N., Watanabe, M., Furusawa, Y ., and Ohnishi, T. (2008). Time course and special distribution ofU V effects on human skin in organ culture. J. Radiat. Res. 49, 269-277.
Nagai, Y ., Miyagishi, D., A kagawa, T., Ohishi, F., Ueno, H., Kobayashi, K ., Y amashita, K ., and Watanabe, J.
(2008). Photodegradation mechanisms in poly(2,6-butylenenaphthalate-cotetramethyleneglycol) (PB N-PT M G),
Part III: Photodegradation induced by the carbonyl group in n, ʌ* excited states. Polym. Degradat. Stabil. 93,
134-138.
Nagao, A ., Zhao, X ., Takegami, T., Nakagawa, H., Matsui, S., Matsunaga, T., and Ishigaki, Y . (2008). Multiple
shRN A expressions in a single plasmid vector improve RN A i against the XPA gene. Biochem. Biophys. Res.
Commun. 370, 301-305.
Simamura, E., Shimada, H., Ishigaki, Y ., Hatta, T., Higashi, N., and Hirai, K-I. (2008). Bioreductive activationof quinone anti-tumor drugs by mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel 1. Anat. Sci. Int. 83, 261-266.
Suzuki, T., Takashima, T., Izawa, N., Watanabe, M., and Takeda, M. (2008). U V radiation elevates
arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase activity and melatonin content in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus
urticae. J. Insect Physiol. 54, 1168-1174.

− 263 −

− 264 −㸰㸧㸰㸮㸯㸮㸫㸰㸮㸮㸶ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ࡜᪂⪺ሗ㐨 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ᚰ⮚ࡸື⬦⣔ࠊ⬚⭢ࠊ๪⏥≧⭢࡞࡝ࡢᙧᡂ࡟୙ྍḞ࡞㑇ఏᏊࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟Ⓨぢ
Okubo, T., K awamura, A ., Takahashi, J., Yagi, H., Morishima, M., Matsuoka, R., andTakada, S. (2011). Ripply3, a Tbx1 repressor, is required for development of thepharyngeal apparatus and its derivatives in mice. Development 138, 339-348
ᒸᓮ⤫ྜࣂ࢖࢜ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮࣭ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ኱ஂಖ┤ຓᩍ࠾ࡼࡧ㧗⏣ៅ἞ᩍᤵࡽࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ
ᮾிዪᏊ་኱࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾࠊᚰ⮚ࡸ኱ື⬦ࠊ⬚⭢ࠊ๪⏥≧⭢࡞࡝ࡢᙧᡂ࡟୙ྍḞ࡞㑇ఏᏊࢆࠊ࣐࢘ࢫ
ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡾ᪂ࡓ࡟Ⓨぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࣄࢺࡸ࣐࢘ࢫ࡞࡝ࡢ⬨᳝ື≀࡛ࡣࠊᚰ⮚ࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡿὶฟ㊰ࡸࡑࢀ࡟⧅ࡀࡿ኱ື⬦⣔ࠊ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟⬚⭢ࡸ๪⏥≧⭢࡞࡝ࡢဗ㢌㒊࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿჾᐁࡢ୍㒊ࡣࠊ⫾ඣࡢ᫬ᮇ࡟ࠊဗ㢌ᘪ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⤌⧊࠿ࡽⓎ㐩ࡋࡲࡍࠋဗ㢌ᘪࡸࡑࡇ࠿ࡽⓎ㐩ࡍࡿჾᐁࡢᙧᡂ࡟ࡣࠊ7E[ ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ㑇ఏᏊࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡢ␗ᖖ࡟ࡼࡾࢹ࢕ࢪ࣮ࣙࢪ⑕ೃ⩌࡜࠸࠺ඛኳᛶࡢከ⮚ჾ⑌ᝈࡀᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
ࡍ࡛࡟▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒ᅇࠊ኱ஂಖຓᩍࡽࡣࠊ5LSSO\㸦ࣜࣉ࣮ࣜ㸱㸧࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ㑇ఏᏊࡢゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸ࠊဗ㢌ᘪ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟ᚰ⮚ࡸື⬦⣔ࠊ⬚⭢ࠊ๪⏥≧⭢࡞࡝ࡢჾᐁࡀṇᖖ࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ5LSSO\ 㑇ఏᏊࡀ୙ྍ
Ḟ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࠊ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡾ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ5LSSO\ ࡀ 7E[ ࡢᶵ⬟ࢆㄪ⠇ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶྠ᫬࡟♧ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊᚰ⮚⾑⟶⣔ࡸ⬚⭢ࠊ๪⏥≧⭢࡞࡝ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡋࡃࡳࡸࠊࢹ࢕ࢪ࣮ࣙ
ࢪ⑕ೃ⩌ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ඛኳᛶࡢከ⮚ჾ⑌ᝈࡢⓎ⑕࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢゎ᫂࡟኱ࡁࡃ㈉⊩ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢ
◊✲ࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ㸯㸰᭶㸰㸰᪥࡟Ⓨ⏕⏕≀Ꮫᑓ㛛ㄅ'HYHORSPHQW㸦㟁Ꮚ∧㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 1HZV:HEࠊ ୰᪥᪂⪺㸦ኤ㸧  㠃ࠊ ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺  㠃












− 265 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥⼖㢮ࢥ࣒ࣛࢧ࢟ள⛉ࡣ࣮࣋ࣜࣥࢢᾏᓙࢆ⤒⏤ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣮ࣘࣛࢩ࢔࠿ࡽ᪂኱㝣࡬⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋศᕸࢆᣑ኱ࡋࡓ

Ohshima, I., Tanikawa-Dodo, Y., Saigusa, T., Nishiyama, T., K itani, M., Hasebe, M., andMohri, H. (2010). Phylogeny, biogeography, and host-plant association in the subfamily
Apaturinae (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) inferred from eight nuclear and sevenmitochondrial genes. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 57, 1026-1036.
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢẟ฼⚽㞝ྡ㄃ᩍᤵ㸦ඖᡤ㛗㸧ࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᅜ⼖࡛࠶ࡿ࣒࢜࢜ࣛࢧ࢟ࢆྵࡴ
ࢥ࣒ࣛࢧ࢟ள⛉㸦ࢱࢸࣁࢳࣙ࢘⛉㸧ࡢ௦⾲ⓗ࡞✀ࢆ⥙⨶ࡋ࡚ࠊ᰾ࢤࣀ࣒࡟࠶ࡿ㸶ࡘࡢ㑇ఏᏊࠊ࣑ࢺࢥࣥࢻࣜ
࢔ࢤࣀ࣒࡟࠶ࡿ㸵ࡘࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡢሷᇶ㓄ิỴᐃࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࡢ᝟ሗࢆᇶ࡟ࠊள⛉ෆࡢᒓࡢ㢮⦕㛵ಀࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍ
ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊࢥ࣒ࣛࢧ࢟ள⛉ࡣ࣮ࣘࣛࢩ࢔࠿ࡽ᪂኱㝣࡬஧ᗘศᕸࢆᣑ኱ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࠊ㣗ⲡࢆ㌿᥮ࡋࡓ᫬ᮇࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ◊✲ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᙧែ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ศ㢮ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࢥ࣒ࣛࢧ࢟ள⛉ࡢศ㢮ࢆ෌᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࠊ௒ᚋࠊࡼࡾヲ⣽࡞ᙧែほᐹ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⣔⤫ࢆ཯ᫎࡋࡓศ㢮య⣔ࡢぢ┤ࡋࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊศᏊ㐍໬Ꮫᑓ㛛ㄅ 0ROHFXODU3K\ORJHQHWLFVDQG(YROXWLRQ㸦࣮ࣔࣞ࢟ࣗࣛࣇ࢓
࢖ࣟࢪ࢙ࢿࢸ࢕ࢡࢫ࢔ࣥࢻ࢚࣮࣎ࣜࣗࢩࣙࣥ㸧㟁Ꮚ∧࡟࡚⡿ᅜ᫬㛫㸰㸮㸯㸮ᖺ㸯㸯᭶㸷᪥࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᫬஦ࢻࢵࢺࢥ࣒ :HE ࡑࡢ௚ከᩘࠊ ୰᪥᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ࡋࢇࡪࢇ㉥᪝ 
㠃





− 266 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࣐࣓⛉᳜≀࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ᰿⢏ࡢᩘ࡜᳜≀ࡢᙧసࡾࢆྠ᫬࡟ไᚚࡍࡿ㑇ఏᏊࢆⓎぢ
Miyazawa, H., Oka-K ira, E., Sato, N., Takahashi, H., Wu, G. J., Sato, S., Hayashi, M.,
Betsuyaku., S., Nakazono, M., Tabata, S., Harada, K ., Sawa, S., Fukuda, H., andK awaguchi, M. (2010). A receptor-like kinase, K L AV IER, mediates systemic regulation of
nodulation and non-symbiotic shoot development in Lotus japonicus. Development 137,
4317-4325.
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢᐑ⃝᪥Ꮚኴ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕࠾ࡼࡧᕝཱྀṇ௦ྖᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ࣐࣓⛉᳜≀࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ᰿
⢏ࡢᩘ࡜᳜≀ࡢᙧࡢ୧᪉ࢆไᚚࡍࡿ㑇ఏᏊࢆⓎぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ࣐࣓⛉᳜≀ࡀ㣴ศࡢᑡ࡞࠸Ⲩࢀᆅ࡛ࡶ⏕㛗࡛ࡁࡿ⛎ジࡣࠊ᰿࡟᰿⢏ࢆᙧᡂࡋࠊෆ㒊࡟᰿⢏⳦࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿᚤ⏕≀ࢆఫࡲࢃࡏ࡚ඹ⏕ࡋࠊࡑࡢᚤ⏕≀ࡢ⬟ຊࢆୖᡭࡃ
฼⏝ࡋ࡚✵Ẽ୰ࡢ❅⣲࠿ࡽᰤ㣴ࢆసࡾฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡍ㸦ࡇࡢ⬟ຊࡣࠊ❅⣲ᅛᐃ⬟࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡲࡍ㸧ࠋ᰿⢏ࡣࠊ࣐࣓⛉᳜≀ࡀ㐍໬ࡢ㐣⛬࡛⋓ᚓࡋࡓ≉Ṧ࡞ඹ⏕ჾᐁ࡛ࡍࠋ௒ᅇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ᰿⢏ࡢᩘࡢไᚚ࡜᳜≀ࡢᙧ࡙ࡃࡾࡢᶵᵓࢆ┤᥋ࡘ࡞ࡄ㔜せ࡞▱ぢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࡣⲨࢀᆅ࡛ࡶⰋࡃ⫱ࡘ᳜≀ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡞࡝ࠊ㣗ᩱၥ㢟ࡸ⎔ቃၥ㢟ࡢゎỴ࡬ࡢ㈉⊩ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊⓎ⏕⏕≀Ꮫᑓ㛛ㄅ 'HYHORSPHQW ࢹ࣋ࣟࢵࣉ࣓ࣥࢺ 㟁Ꮚ∧࡟࡚ⱥᅜ᫬㛫㸰㸮㸯㸮ᖺ㸯㸯᭶㸯㸷᪥࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺  㠃

− 267 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ⴥࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡣ⣽⬊㛫ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡾไᚚࡉࢀࡿ

K awade, K ., Horiguchi, G., and Tsukaya, H. (2010). Non-cell-autonomously coordinatedorgan-size regulation in leaf development. Development 137, 4221-4227.
✀㸦ࡋࡹ㸧ࡀྠࡌ⏕≀ࡢ㛫࡛ࡣࠊჾᐁࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ᆒ୍࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊྛࠎࡢ✀࡟≉ᚩⓗ࡞Ⓨ⏕ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀࠊჾᐁ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿ⣽⬊ࡢᩘ࡜኱ࡁࡉࢆཝᐦ࡟ไᚚࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓ㏆ᖺࠊ᳜≀ࡢჾᐁࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚Ỵࡲࡿ࠿ࡢ⌮ゎࡣࠊࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫቑ⏘࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽࡶࠊࡑࡢ㔜せᛶࡀᗈࡃㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊಶࠎࡢ⣽⬊ࢆ⤌⧊໬ࡋ࡚࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿჾᐁࡀࠊ࠸ࡘࡶᆒ୍࡞኱ࡁࡉ࡟Ⓨ㐩ࡍࡿ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡣࠊᮍࡔ࡟ࡼࡃศ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋᮾி኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ⣔◊✲⛉ࡢሯ㇂⿱୍ᩍᤵ㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ ව௵ᩍᤵ㸧ࠊྠ◊✲⛉༤ኈㄢ⛬  ᖺᕝฟ೺௓࠾ࡼࡧ❧ᩍ኱Ꮫࡢᇼཱྀ࿃ᮁ෸ᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊⴥ࡟
ྵࡲࢀࡿ⣽⬊ࡢᩘ࡜኱ࡁࡉࡀ⣽⬊㛫ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚⤫ྜࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࠊ௒ᅇ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲ
ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣⴥࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡀࠊಶࠎࡢ⣽⬊ࢆ㉺࠼ࡓከ⣽⬊࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝไᚚࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᐇドࡋࡓึࡵ࡚ࡢᡂ
ᯝ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᅜ㝿ㄅ 'HYHORSPHQW ㄅ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࠊᥖ㍕ྕ୰ࡢὀ┠ࡍ࡭ࡁㄽᩥ࡜ࡋ࡚⤂௓ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ


− 268 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥⚄⤒⣽⬊ࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᙧᡂ࡟ࡣࠊᶞ≧✺㉳࡛ࡢᒁᡤⓗ࡞ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ྜᡂࡀ୙ྍḞ
Shiina, N., Yamaguchi, K ., and Tokunaga, M. (2010). RN G105 deficiency impairs thedendritic localization of mRN As for Na +/K + ATPase subunit isoforms and leads to thedegeneration of neuronal networks. J. Neurosci. 30, 12816-12830.
ᒸᓮ⤫ྜࣂ࢖࢜ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮࣭ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸦⚄⤒⣽⬊⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᐊ㸧ࡢ᳝ྡఙஅ෸ᩍᤵࠊᮾிᕤ
ᴗ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕࿨⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ࡢᚨỌ୓႐ὒᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ࣐࢘ࢫࡢ⬻⚄⤒⣽⬊ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ⚄⤒⣽⬊ࡢᶞ≧✺㉳࡛ࡢᒁᡤⓗ࡞ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ྜᡂࡀࠊṇᖖ࡞⚄⤒ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢᵓ⠏࡟ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ ⣽⬊ࡢ᰾ࡢ୰ࡢ '1$ ࡟グ㘓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㑇ఏ᝟ሗࡣࠊఏ௧ 51$ ࡟෗ࡋྲྀࡽࢀࠊࡑࡢఏ௧ 51$ ࢆ㗪ᆺ࡟ࡋ࡚ࢱࣥ
ࣃࢡ㉁ྜᡂࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡲࡍࠋ㏻ᖖࠊࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢྜᡂࡣ᰾ࡢ࿘㎶ࡢ⣽⬊㉁࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡢࡀᬑ㏻࡛ࡍࠋ୍᪉ࠊ⚄⤒⣽⬊ࡣࠕᶞ≧✺㉳ࠖ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ㛗࠸✺㉳ࡀ࠸ࡃࡘࡶ㣕ࡧฟࡓ≉Ṧ࡞ᙧࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ୍㒊ࡢ㑇ఏ᝟ሗ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ
᰾࡛෗ࡋྲྀࡽࢀࡓఏ௧ 51$ ࡀ᰾࠿ࡽ㐲ࡃ㞳ࢀࡓ✺㉳ෆ࡟㍺㏦ࡉࢀࠊᶞ≧✺㉳ෆ࡟࡚ᒁᡤⓗ࡟ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ྜᡂࡀ
⾜ࢃࢀࡲࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢᶞ≧✺㉳ෆ࡛ࡢᒁᡤⓗ࡞ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ྜᡂࡢ⏕⌮ⓗ࡞ᙺ๭࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ▱ぢࡣ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᅇࠊ᳝ྡࡽࡣࠊ
ࠕ51* ࢔࣮࢚ࣝࢾࢪ࣮ ࠖ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ㑇ఏᏊ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ࡚◊✲ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᶞ≧✺㉳࡬ࡢఏ௧ 51$ ㍺㏦࡜ࡑࢀ࡟క࠺ᒁᡤⓗࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ྜᡂࡀࠊṇᖖ࡞⚄⤒ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᵓ⠏࡟ᚲ㡲࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ
ึࡵ࡚♧ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ ௨ୖࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ⡿ᅜ⚄⤒⛉Ꮫ఍ㄅ -RXUQDORI1HXURVFLHQFH㸦ࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣝ࢜ࣈࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ㸧㸰㸮㸯㸮ᖺ㸷᭶㸰㸰᪥ྕ࡟࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺  㠃






− 269 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ᖿ⣽⬊ࡢᑑ࿨ࡣពእ࡟ࡶ▷࠿ࡗࡓ㸟㹼࣐࢘ࢫࡢ⢭Ꮚᖿ⣽⬊ࡣḟࠎ࡜ධࢀ᭰ࢃࡿ㹼
K lein, A .M., Nakagawa, T., Ichikawa, R., Yoshida, S., and Simons, B.D. (2010). Mouse
germ line stem cells undergo rapid and stochastic turnover. Cell Stem Cell 7, 214-224.
⢭Ꮚࡣࠊḟࡢୡ௦ࢆసࡿ࡜࡚ࡶ኱ษ࡞౑࿨ࢆᖏࡧࡓ⣽⬊࡛ࡍࠋ⢭Ꮚࢆసࡿ࠾࠾ࡶ࡜࡜࡞ࡿࡢࡣࠕᖿ⣽⬊࡛ࠖࡍࠋ኱ษ࡞㑇ఏ᝟ሗࡢཎᮏ㸦࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝ㸧ࢆᣢࡘࠕᖿ⣽⬊ࠖࡣ⢭ᕢࡢ୰୍࡛ࡘ୍ࡘ኱ษ࡟Ᏺࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊᙜ↛ࡢࡈ࡜ࡃಙࡌࡽࢀ࡚᮶ࡲࡋࡓࠋࢩࣙ࢘ࢪࣙ࢘ࣂ࢚࡞࡝ࡢሙྜࡣ☜࠿࡟ࡑࡢ㏻ࡾ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ ௒ᅇࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸦⏕Ṫ⣽⬊◊✲㒊㛛㸧ࡢྜྷ⏣ᯇ⏕ᩍᤵࠊⱥᅜࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪ኱Ꮫ㸦≀⌮Ꮫ⛉㸧ࡢ %HQMDPLQ
'6LPRQV ᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ࣐࢘ࢫࡢ⢭Ꮚᖿ⣽⬊ࡢ㐠࿨ࢆ㸯ᖺ௨ୖ࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚㏣㊧ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆᩘᏛⓗ࡟ゎᯒࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ㦫ࡃ࡭ࡁࡶࡢ࡛ࡋࡓࠋಶࠎࡢᖿ⣽⬊ࡣỴࡋ࡚≉ู࡟Ᏺࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿヂ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ
ᖹᆒࡋ࡚ࢃࡎ࠿㸯㹼㸰㐌㛫ࡢᑑ࿨ࡋ࠿ᣢࡓࡎࠊḟࠎ࡜ᾘ⁛ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊኻࢃࢀࡓᖿ⣽⬊ࡣࠊ௚ࡢᖿ⣽⬊࠿ࡽ⏕ࡲࢀࡓ⣽⬊࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⿵඘ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ᭦࡟ࠊᩘᏛⓗゎᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ࡝ࡢᖿ⣽⬊ࡀᾘ࠼࡚࡝ࡢᖿ⣽⬊ࡀ⏕ࡁṧࡗ࡚ቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡃ࠿ࡣࠊഅ↛࡟㸦☜⋡ㄽⓗ࡟㸧Ỵࡲࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᖿ⣽⬊ࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ࠾஫࠸࡟ධࢀ᭰ࢃࡾ࡞ࡀࡽ⮬ࡽࡢ㞟ᅋࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟⢭Ꮚࢆసࡿ⣽⬊ࢆ౪⤥ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ୍ࡘ୍ࡘࡢᖿ⣽⬊ࡀཝ᱁࡟㠀ᑐ⛠ศ⿣ࢆࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᐃㄝ࡟௦ࢃࡿࠊ
᪂ࡋ࠸ᖿ⣽⬊ࡢጼ࡛ࡍࠋ௨ୖࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅ&HOO6WHP&HOO ࢭ࣭ࣝࢫࢸ࣒ࢭࣝ 㸰㸮㸯㸮ᖺ㸶᭶ྕ࡟࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺  㠃

− 270 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥୙ዷࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆⓎぢ
K itadate, Y., and Kobayashi, S. (2010). Notch and Egfr signaling act antagonistically toregulate germline stem cell niche formation in Drosophila male embryonic gonads. Proc.
Natl. A cad. Sci. USA . 107, 14241-14246.
⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓᒸᓮ⤫ྜࣂ࢖࢜ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮࣭ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ໭⯓♸ຓᩍ࠾ࡼࡧᑠᯘᝅᩍᤵ
ࡣࠊࢩࣙ࢘ࢪࣙ࢘ࣂ࢚ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾࠊ㞝ࡀ୙ዷࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ
⏕ᾭࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚⢭Ꮚࢆࡘࡃࡾ⥆ࡅࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ⢭Ꮚᖿ⣽⬊࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⣽⬊ࡀᚲせ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࡢ⣽⬊ࡣࠊ⣽⬊ศ⿣ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⢭ᏊࢆᯤῬࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃࡘࡃࡾ⥆ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋ⢭Ꮚᖿ⣽⬊ࡀኻࢃࢀࡿ࡜୙ዷࡀᘬ
ࡁ㉳ࡇࡉࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⢭Ꮚᖿ⣽⬊ࡀኻࢃࢀࡿཎᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⢭Ꮚᖿ⣽⬊ࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍ๓㥑⣽⬊㸦ጞཎ⏕Ṫ⣽⬊࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ㸧ࡢᩘࡀⴭࡋࡃῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ໭⯓࡜ᑠᯘࡣࠊጞཎ⏕Ṫ⣽⬊ࡢᩘࡀῶᑡࡍࡿ࡜ࠊᑡ
ᩘࡢጞཎ⏕Ṫ⣽⬊࠿ࡽຠ⋡ࡼࡃ⢭Ꮚᖿ⣽⬊ࢆసࡾฟࡋ୙ዷࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿㄪ⠇ᶵᵓࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࢩࣙ࢘ࢪࣙ࢘ࣂ
࢚ࢆ⏝࠸࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ⏕≀ࡢ᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞ᛶ㉁࡛࠶ࡿࠕ⏕Ṫᶵ⬟ࠖࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᕦጁ࡞௙
⤌ࡳ࡜࠸࠼ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣ⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑࣮⣖せ㟁Ꮚ∧࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ୰㒊⤒῭᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺  㠃

− 271 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࢔࣓ࣖࡸࢿࢠࡀࡶࡘࠊ⿬ࡋ࠿࡞࠸ⴥࠕ༢㠃ⴥࠖࡢᙧసࡾࡢ௙⤌ࡳࢆゎ᫂
Yamaguchi, T., Yano, S., and Tsukaya, H. (2010). Genetic framework for flattened leaf
blade formation in unifacial leaves of Juncus prismatocarpus. Plant Cell 22, 2141–2155.
ⴥࡣගࢆཷࡅ࡚ᰤ㣴ศࢆసࡾฟࡍගྜᡂࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺ሙᡤ࡛ࡍࠋከࡃࡢගࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚ຠ⋡ࡢⰋ࠸ගྜᡂࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺
ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊⴥࡣࡩࡘ࠺ࠊ⾲ഃ࡜⿬ഃࡢᛶ㉁ࢆࡶࡘᖹࡓ࠸ᙧ࡟࡞ࡿࡢࡀ≉ᚩ࡛ࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ⴥࢆࠕ୧㠃ⴥࠖ࡜࠸࠸ࡲࡍࠋ୍᪉ࠊ࢔࣓ࣖࡸࢿࢠ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ୍㒊ࡢ᳜≀ࡣࠊࠕ༢㠃ⴥࠖ࡜࠸࠺⿬ഃࡢᛶ㉁ࡋ࠿ᣢࡓ࡞࠸ⴥࢆࡘࡃࡾࡲ
ࡍࠋࡇࡢ༢㠃ⴥࡢᙧసࡾࡢ௙⤌ࡳࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛୙࡛᫂ࡋࡓࡀࠊ௒ᅇࡑࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞௙⤌ࡳࡀୡ⏺࡛ึࡵ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟
࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢᒣཱྀ㈗኱ຓᩍ࡜ᮾி኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ⣔◊✲⛉⏕≀⛉Ꮫᑓᨷࡢሯ㇂⿱୍ᩍᤵ
ࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ༢㠃ⴥ࡛ࡣࠊⴥࡢ⿬ഃࡢᛶ㉁ࢆỴࡵࡿ㑇ఏᏊࡀⴥ඲య࡛ാࡃࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⿬ഃࡢᛶ㉁ࡋ࠿
ࡶࡓ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆⓎぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟༢㠃ⴥ࡛ࡣࠊ୧㠃ⴥ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ௙⤌ࡳ࡛ᖹࡓ࠸ᙧࡢⴥࢆࡘࡃࡿࡇ࡜
ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࠊ'5223,1*/($) ࢻ࣮ࢗࣝࣆࣥࢢ࣮ࣜࣇࠊ␎ྕ '/ ࡜࠸࠺㑇ఏᏊࡀࠊ༢㠃ⴥࢆᖹࡓࡃࡍࡿാࡁ
ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࢆⓎぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ⡿⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅ7KH3ODQW&HOO㸦ࣉࣛࣥࢺࢭࣝ㸧ㄅ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺  㠃

− 272 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ᴟᑠ࣌ࣉࢳࢻ࡟ࡼࡿⓎ⏕ไᚚࡢࡋࡃࡳࢆⓎぢ㹼᭱ࡶᑠࡉ࡞㑇ఏᏊࡢ㦫ࡃ࡭ࡁᙺ๭㹼
Kondo, T., Plaza, S., Zanet, J., Benrabah, E., Valenti, P., Hashimoto, Y., Kobayashi, S.,
Payre, F., and K ageyama, Y. (2010). Small peptides switch the transcriptional activity of
Shavenbaby during Drosophila embryogenesis. Science 329, 336-339.
㹈㹑㹒ㄢ㢟ゎỴᆺᇶ♏◊✲஦ᴗࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᒸᓮ⤫ྜࣂ࢖࢜ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥ
ࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢᙳᒣ⿱஧≉௵ຓᩍࡽࡣࠊ┿᰾⏕≀࡛᭱ࡶᑠࡉ࡞࣌ࣉࢳࢻ㑇ఏᏊࡀࠊ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ࡢࢫ࢖ࢵࢳ࡜ࡋ
࡚ࡣࡓࡽ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆⓎぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࣄࢺࢆྵࡴື᳜≀ࡢࢤࣀ࣒࡟ࡣࠊᬑ㏻ࡢࡓࢇࡥࡃ㉁ࡼࡾࡶᑠࡉ࠸࣌ࣉࢳࢻ㸦࢔࣑ࣀ㓟㸯㸮㸮ಶ௨ୗ㸧ࢆࢥ࣮ࢻࡍࡿ㑇ఏᏊࡀከᩘᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࣌ࣉࢳࢻࡀ⣽⬊ෆ࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡣ
ࡓࡽࡁࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࡼࡃศ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓࠋᙳᒣ≉௵ຓᩍࡽࡣ௒ᅇࠊࢃࡎ࠿࢔࣑ࣀ㓟㸯㸯ಶ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ࣌ࣉࢳࢻࢆࢥ࣮ࢻࡍࡿ㹮㹰㹧㑇ఏᏊࡀࠊࢩࣙ࢘ࢪࣙ࢘ࣂ࢚ࡢ⬇ࡢⓎ⏕㐣⛬ࢆไᚚࡍࡿ୍⩌ࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡢⓎ⌧࡟ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ✺ࡁṆࡵࡲࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ㹮㹰㹧㑇ఏᏊ࡟ࢥ࣮ࢻࡉࢀࡿ࣌ࣉࢳࢻࡀࠊ㌿෗ᅉᏊὀ㸯㸧࡛࠶ࡿ㹑㹦㹟㹴㹣㹬㹠㹟㹠㹷ࡓࢇࡥࡃ㉁ࢆ㌿෗ᢚไᆺ࠿ࡽ㌿෗άᛶ໬ᆺ࡬࡜ኚ᥮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ไᚚࡢࢫ࢖ࢵࢳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࡓࡽ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ ௒ᅇࡢⓎぢ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧࡜࠸࠺⏕࿨ࡢ᰿ᖿࢆไᚚࡍࡿࡋࡃࡳ࡟ᑠࡉ࡞࣌ࣉࢳࢻࡀ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢⓎぢࡀ㉳Ⅼ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞◊✲ศ㔝࡛ᑠࡉ࡞࣌ࣉࢳࢻࡢ◊✲ࡀಁ㐍ࡉࢀࠊ࣌ࣉࢳࢻࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ᙺ๭ࡢゎ᫂ࡸ᪂つ࣌ࣉࢳࢻ་⸆ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡬࡜ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡶࡢ࡜ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋ ᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊ⌮໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ㏆⸨Ṋྐ◊✲ဨ㸦◊✲ᙜ᫬ࡣࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᒸᓮ⤫ྜࣂ࢖࢜ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ᪥ᮏᏛ⾡᣺⯆఍≉ู◊✲ဨ㸧ࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫᅜ❧⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸭ࢺ࣮࣮ࢗࣝࢬ
኱Ꮫࡢࣇࣛࣥࢯ࣭࣮࣡࣌ࣝᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ༠ຊࢆᚓ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ ᮏ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣࠊ㸰㸮㸯㸮ᖺ㸵᭶㸯㸴᪥㸦⡿ᅜᮾ㒊᫬㛫㸧Ⓨ⾜ࡢ⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅࠕ㹑㹡㹧㹣㹬㹡㹣ࠖ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ୰᪥᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ẖ᪥᪂⪺  㠃

− 273 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ཎᅉ୙᫂ࡔࡗࡓ㧗ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘⾑⑕ࡢⓎ⑕ᶵᵓࢆゎ᫂㹼⬻ࡢయᾮ 1D ࣞ࣋ࣝࢭࣥࢧ࣮࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠయࡀ⏘⏕ࡉࢀࡿ⮬ᕫච␿⑌ᝈࡔࡗࡓ㹼Hiyama, T. Y., Matsuda, S., Fujikawa, A ., Matsumoto, M., Watanabe, E., K ajiwara, H.,
Niimura, F., and Noda, M. (2010). Autoimmunity to the sodium-level sensor in the brain
causes essential hypernatremia. Neuron 66, 508-522.
㏻ᖖࠊ⾑୰ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘ 1D ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣ P0 ௜㏆࡟ཝᐦ࡟ಖࡓࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ⤯Ỉ≧ែࡀ㛗᫬㛫⥆ࡃ࡜య
ᾮ୰ࡢ 1D ࣞ࣋ࣝࡀୖ᪼ࡋࡲࡍࡀࠊࡇࡢ≧ែ࡛Ỉ࡜ሷỈࢆྠ᫬࡟ᥦ♧ࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࠊỈࢆ኱㔞࡟ᦤྲྀࡍࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ሷ
ศᦤྲྀࢆᅇ㑊ࡋࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊᢠ฼ᒀ࣍ࣝࣔࣥ DQWLGLXUHWLFKRUPRQH$'+ ࡛࠶ࡿࣂࢯࣉࣞࢵࢩࣥࡢ⬻ୗᆶయᚋⴥ࠿ࡽࡢศἪ㔞ࡀቑຍࡋࠊ᤼ᒀ࡟క࠺Ỉศὶฟࡀᢚ࠼ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓไᚚࡣ⬻ෆࡢࢭࣥࢧ࣮ศᏊ⩌࡟ࡼࡾయᾮࡢᾐ㏱ᅽࡸ 1D ࣞ࣋ࣝࡀឤ▱ࡉࢀࠊࡑࡢ᝟ሗࡀỈศሷศᦤྲྀ⾜ືࡢไᚚ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ⚄⤒ᅇ㊰ࡸࣂࢯࣉࣞ
ࢵࢩࣥ⏘⏕⣽⬊࡬㏦ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾᐇ⌧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢไᚚᶵᵓࡀఱࡽ࠿ࡢ⌮⏤࡛◚⥢ࡍࡿ࡜యᾮ 1Dࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ᜏᖖⓗ࡞␗ᖖࡀ⌧ࢀࡲࡍࠋᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ㔝⏣ᫀᬕᩍᤵࡽࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲࡛㟁఩౫Ꮡᛶ 1Dࢳࣕࣥࢿࣝ࡜┦ྠᛶࡢ࠶ࡿศᏊ 1D[ ࡀయᾮ 1D ࣞ࣋ࣝࢭࣥࢧ࣮࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ⾑୰ 1D ࣞ࣋ࣝࡀᜏᖖⓗ࡟㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ⑌ᝈࡣᮏែᛶ㧗 1D ⾑⑕ HVVHQWLDOK\SHUQDWUHPLD ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡲࡍࠋ⬻⭘⒆ᙧᡂࡸእയ
࡟ࡼࡾࣂࢯࣉࣞࢵࢩࣥ⏘⏕⣽⬊ࡢ࠶ࡿ⬻ෆどᗋୗ㒊㡿ᇦࡀᦆയࢆཷࡅ࡚ࣂࢯࣉࣞࢵࢩࣥࡢศἪ⬟ࡀపୗࡋࡓ
ࡇ࡜ࡀ⑓ᅉ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ᰾☢Ẽඹ㬆⏬ീἲ 05, ࢆ⏝࠸᳨࡚ᰝࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡶⴭ᫂࡞⬻ࡢ␗ᖖࡀぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠸⑕౛ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢሙྜࡣཎᅉ୙᫂࡜ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ㔝⏣ᫀᬕᩍᤵࡽࡣࠊ
ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ཎᅉ୙᫂ࡢᮏែᛶ㧗 1D ⾑⑕ࡢ୍⑕౛ࢆゎᯒࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊᝈ⪅ࡢయෆ࡛ 1D[ ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⮬ᕫᢠయࡀ⏘⏕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࢆぢฟࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ㸰㸮㸯㸮ᖺ㸳᭶㸰㸵᪥࡟⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫᑓ㛛ㄅࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࣥ࡟࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺  㠃

− 274 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ᡂయ࣓ࢲ࢝ࡢ༸ᕢ࡛༸ࢆ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟ࡘࡃࡾฟࡍᖿ⣽⬊ࡢࡺࡾ࠿ࡈࢆⓎぢ㹼㨶㢮ࡢ㧗࠸⦾Ṫ⬟ຊࡢᇶ┙ࡶ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟㹼Nakamura, S., Kobayashi, K ., Nishimura, T., Higashijima, S., and Tanaka, M. (2010).
Identification of germline stem cells in the ovary of teleost medaka. Science 328,
1561-1563.
⏕ࡁ≀࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢᏊᏞࢆṧࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ஦ࡣ᭱ࡶᇶᮏⓗ࡛㔜せ࡞஦᯶࡛ࡍࠋከࡃࡢື≀ࡢ࢜ࢫ࡛ࡣࠊᖿ
⣽⬊ࡀἑᒣࡢ⢭Ꮚࢆ୍⏕ᾭ࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚సࡾ⥆ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊ࣓ࢫࡀ༸ࢆసࡾฟࡍ
࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ୙᫂࡞Ⅼࡀከࡃṧࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ୰ᮧಟᖹ◊✲ဨࠊ⏣୰ᐇ෸ᩍᤵ
ࡽࡣࠊ࣓ࢲ࢝ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾࠊ࣓ࢲ࢝ᡂయࡢ࣓ࢫࡢ༸ᕢෆ࡟ࠊ⢭ᕢ࡜ఝࡓᵓ㐀ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ͆ࡺࡾ࠿ࡈ͆࡟
༸ࢆసࡾฟࡍᖿ⣽⬊ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆⓎぢࠊᖿ⣽⬊ࡀ༸ࢆ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟సࡾฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆୡ⏺࡛ึࡵ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿
࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ࡯ங㢮࡛ࡣࠊ༸ࡢඖ࡟࡞ࡿ⣽⬊ࡢቑṪࡣฟ⏕๓࡟Ṇࡲࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ࡀᐃㄝ࡛ࡍࠋ௒ᅇࡢᡂᯝ
ࡣࠊ⬨᳝ື≀࡛ึࡵ࡚ࠊ༸ᕢෆ࡟༸ࢆࡘࡃࡿᖿ⣽⬊ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ㨶㢮ࡀἑᒣࡢ༸
ࢆసࡾ⥆ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ௙⤌ࡳࡢㅦࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ㸰㸮㸯㸮ᖺ㸳᭶㸰㸯᪥࡟⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ㸦㟁Ꮚ∧㸧࡟࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ẖ᪥᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ୰᪥᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ୰㒊⤒῭᪂⪺ 㠃ࠊ ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ᮅ᪥᪂⪺㸦ኤ㸧  㠃ࠊ ㄞ኎᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺ 㠃ࠊ ᪥ᮏ⤒῭᪂⪺㸦ኤ㸧  㠃

− 275 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥⚄⤒⟶ᙧᡂ࡟ᚲせ࡞⣽⬊ෆࡢ࢔ࢡࢳࣥ㞟✚ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍ௙⤌ࡳࢆⓎぢ
Morita, H., Nandadasa, S., Yamamoto, T.S., Terasaka-Iioka, C., Wylie, C., and Ueno, N.
(2010). Nectin-2 and N-cadherin interact through extracellular domains and induce apicalaccumulation of F-actin in apical constriction of Xenopus neural tube morphogenesis.
Development 137, 1315-1325.
 ⚄⤒⟶ᙧᡂࡣࠊ⬻ࡸ⬨㧊࡞࡝ࡢ୰ᯡ⚄⤒⣔ࢆసࡾฟࡍ㔜せ࡞㐣⛬࡛ࡍࠋᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ᳃⏣ோ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕࠾ࡼࡧୖ㔝┤ேᩍᤵࡣࠊࢩࣥࢩࢼࢸ࢕ᑠඣ⑓㝔་Ꮫࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢ࣡࢖࣮ࣜᩍᤵࡽ࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡛ࠊ⣽⬊ྠኈࡢ᥋╔ࢆྖࡿࡩࡓࡘࡢ⣽⬊᥋╔ศᏊࡢᕦጁ࡞ാࡁ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ୰ᯡ⚄⤒⣔ࢆࡘࡃࡿ⚄⤒⟶ࡀ㛢ࡌࡿࡋࡃࡳࡢ୍➃ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋୖ㔝ᩍᤵࡣࠕ࠸ࡲࡲ࡛ࠊ⚄⤒⟶㛢㙐ࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡣ࢔ࢡࢳࣥ࡞࡝⣽⬊ࡢ୰ࡢ⣽⬊㦵᱁ࡢไᚚᶵᵓ࡟ὀ┠ࡀ㞟ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ௒ᅇࡢ◊✲࡛⣽⬊እ࡛ࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ㄪ⠇ᶵᵓࡀᾋࡁ᙮ࡾ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠖ࡜ㄒࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
ࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣ㸱᭶㸰㸲᪥Ⓨ⾜ࡢⱥ⛉Ꮫᑓ㛛ㄅ 'HYHORSPHQW㸦㟁Ꮚ∧㸧࡟࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺  㠃































− 276 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ከࡃࠊ㛗ࡃࠊ⢭Ꮚࢆసࡾ⥆ࡅࡿ⛎ジ㹼࡯ங㢮⢭Ꮚᙧᡂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ศ໬ࣔࢹࣝ㹼
Nakagawa, T., Sharma, M., Nabeshima, Y., Braun, R.E., and Yoshida, S. (2010).
Functional hierarchy and reversibility within the murine spermatogenic stem cellcompartment. Science 328, 62-67.
ࣄࢺ⏨ᛶࡢ⢭ᕢ࡛ࡣࠊ୍᪥࡟㸯൨࡟ࡶ࠾ࡼࡪ⢭Ꮚࢆ⣙㸳㸮ᖺ࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚సࡾ⥆ࡅࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢࠊἑᒣࡢ⢭Ꮚࢆ㛗࠸ᮇ㛫సࡾ⥆ࡅࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠊ⏕࿨࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᴟࡵ࡚㔜せ࡞Ⴀࡳࡣࠊ࡝ࢇ࡞⣽⬊ࡀᨭ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺࠿㸽ᚑ᮶ࠊ⢭ᕢࡢ୰ࡢࠊࡈࡃᑡᩘࡢ⮬ᕫ」〇⬟ຊࢆᣢࡘ㝈ࡽࢀࡓ≉ูࡢ⣽⬊㸦ᖿ⣽⬊㸧ࡔࡅࡀࠊࡇࡢᙺ┠ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿ࡜ಙࡌࡽࢀ࡚᮶ࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᅇࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢྜྷ⏣ᯇ⏕ᩍᤵࠊி㒔኱Ꮫࡢ୰ᕝಇᚨ◊✲ဨࠊ㘠ᓥ㝧୍ᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾࡇࡢၥ㢟࡟ᣮᡓࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ⢭Ꮚ࡬࡜ኚࢃࡾጞ
ࡵࡓ⣽⬊ࡀࠊࡋࡤࡽࡃࡢ㛫ࡣ⮬ᕫ」〇࡛ࡁࡿ₯ᅾ⬟ຊࢆಖࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊᖿ⣽⬊࡟ఱ࠿࠶ࡗࡓ᫬࡟ࡣ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶᖿ
⣽⬊࡟ྲྀࡗ࡚௦ࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋᐇ㝿ࠊ⢭ᕢࡀ㞀ᐖࢆཷࡅࡓ᫬࡟ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ⣽⬊ࡢ₯ᅾ⬟ຊࡀⓎ
᥹ࡉࢀࠊ㏿ࡸ࠿࡟㞀ᐖࢆಟ᚟ࡋ࡚⢭Ꮚࡢᩘࢆಖ࡜࠺࡜ࡍࡿ஦ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᚑ᮶ಙࡌ
ࡽࢀ࡚᮶ࡓࡼࡾࡶࡣࡿ࠿࡟ከࡃࡢ⣽⬊ࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀࠊ⥅⥆ࡍࡿ⢭Ꮚᙧᡂࢆᨭ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ㸲㸮ᖺ㏆ࡃಙࡌࡽࢀ࡚᮶ࡓࣔࢹࣝࢆಟṇࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡋࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ㸰㸮㸯㸮ᖺ㸱᭶㸯㸷᪥Ⓨ⾜ࡢ⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ㸦㟁Ꮚ∧㸧࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺  㠃

− 277 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ୡ⏺ⓗ࡞㎰ᴗᐖ⹸ࠕ࢔ࣈ࣒ࣛࢩࠖࡢࢤࣀ࣒ゎㄞ࡟ᡂຌ
The International Aphid Genomics Consortium. Genome Sequence of the Pea Aphid
Acyrthosiphon pisum. PLoS Biol. 8, e1000313.
 ⌮໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡᣺⯆ᶵᵓ㸦-67㸧࡜ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡽࡣࠊୡ⏺ⓗ࡞㎰ᴗᐖ⹸࡜ࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀࡿ࢔ࣈ
࣒ࣛࢩࡢࢤࣀ࣒ゎㄞ࡟ᡂຌࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ⌮໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ୰㖊῟ࠊᐑᇛᓥ㐍ஓ࠾ࡼࡧᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ㔜ಙ⚽἞ࡽࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍࡿᅜ㝿࢔ࣈ࣒ࣛࢩࢤࣀ࣒ゎᯒࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒ 7KH,QWHUQDWLRQDO$SKLG*HQRPLFV&RQVRUWLXP ࡟ࡼࡿᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲ࡢᡂᯝ࡛ࡍࠋ ࢔ࣈ࣒ࣛࢩࡣࠊ᳜≀ࡢᖌ⟶ᾮࢆ㣵࡜ࡍࡿᑠᆺࡢ᪻⹸࡛ࠊ㞟ᅋ࡛᳜≀ࡢᰤ㣴ศࢆዣ࠺ࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ᳜≀࢘࢖ࣝࢫࢆ፹௓ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊୡ⏺୰ࡢ㎰స≀࡟῝้࡞⿕ᐖࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓ࢔ࣈ࣒ࣛࢩࡣࠊᖌ⟶ᾮ࡟Ḟࡅ࡚࠸ࡿᰤ㣴ศࢆྜᡂࡍࡿඹ⏕⣽⳦ࣈࣇࢿࣛࢆ⳦⣽⬊࡟཰⣡ࡋ࡚ࠊ㸯൨ᖺ௨ୖ࡟ࢃࡓࡾぶ࠿ࡽᏊ࡬࡜ཷ⥅࠸࡛࠸ࡿࡢࢆ
ࡣࡌࡵࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᚤ⏕≀࡜⥭ᐦ࡞㛵ಀࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡉࡽ࡟࢔ࣈ࣒ࣛࢩࡣࠊ⎔ቃ᮲௳ࡢኚ໬࡟ᛂࡌ࡚༢Ⅽ⏕Ṫ࡜᭷ᛶ⏕Ṫࢆษ᥮࠼ࡓࡾࠊ⩟ࢆ⏕ࡸࡉ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡾ⏕ࡸࡋࡓࡾ࡜ࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞⾲⌧ᆺࡢಶయࢆ⏘ฟࡋࡲࡍࠋ
ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࡁࢃࡵ࡚ࣘࢽ࣮ࢡ࡞⏕≀Ꮫⓗ≉ᛶࢆᣢࡘࡓࡵࠊ࢔ࣈ࣒ࣛࢩࡣ㔜せ࡞㎰ᴗᐖ⹸࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡟㔜せ࡞ࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ௒ᅇࡢᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲࡟ࡼࡿゎᯒ࡛ࡣࠊ᪻⹸࡜ࡋ࡚᭱ከ࡜࡞ࡿ⣙  ಶࡢ㑇ఏᏊࢆ࢔ࣈ࣒ࣛࢩࢤࣀ࣒࠿ࡽ
᳨ฟࡋࠊձ⏕Ṫࠊ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ㄪ⠇ࠊࢩࢢࢼࣝఏ㐩ࠊ࢘࢖ࣝࢫ፹௓㛵㐃࡞࡝⣙  ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࠊ⥲ᩘ⣙ 
ࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡀ࢔ࣈ࣒ࣛࢩ≉␗ⓗ࡟ቑᖜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠊղ࡯࠿ࡢ᪻⹸࡛ࡣಖᏑࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿච␿㛵㐃ࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡀ኱ᖜ࡟ῶ
ᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠊճ࢔ࣈ࣒ࣛࢩࡢ㑇ఏᏊࢭࢵࢺࡣࠊࣈࣇࢿࣛ࡜┦⿵ⓗ࡞௦ㅰ⣔ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿࠊմ ✀㢮௨ୖࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡀ⣽⳦࠿ࡽ࢔ࣈ࣒ࣛࢩࢤࣀ࣒࡟Ỉᖹ㌿⛣ࡋࠊࡑࡢከࡃࡀ⳦⣽⬊࡛㧗Ⓨ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠊ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ஦ᐇࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍ
ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ
ᮏ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣࠊ⡿ᅜࡢ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅࠗ3/R6%LRORJ\࠘㸦 ᭶  ᪥ྕ㸧࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ㄞ኎᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ᮅ᪥᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺ 㠃ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺  㠃
− 278 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ᰤ㣴⎔ቃ࡟ࡼࡿ࣮࢜ࢺࣇ࢓ࢪ࣮ไᚚࡢゎ᫂࡟ᡂຌ
K amada, Y., Yoshino, K ., Kondo, C., K awamata, T., Oshiro, N., Yonezawa, K ., andOhsumi, Y. (2010). Tor directly controls the A tg1 kinase complex to regulate autophagy.
Mol. Cell. Biol. 30, 1049-1058.
 ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ㙊⏣ⰾᙲຓᩍࠊ኱㝮Ⰻ඾ᩍᤵ㸦⌧ᮾிᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ㸧ࠊ⚄ᡞ኱ࡢྜྷ㔝೺୍ຓᩍࠊ⡿⃝୍ோᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊฟⱆ㓝ẕࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ⣽⬊ࡢࣜࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡿ࣮࢜ࢺࣇ࢓ࢪ࣮ࡢࠕࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࠖ
࡜ࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ࡍࡿࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢാࡁࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࣮࢜ࢺࣇ࢓ࢪ࣮ࡣࠊ⣽⬊ෆᡂศࢆศゎ࣭෌฼⏝ࡍࡿࣜࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࡍࠋᚲせ௨ୖࡢ⣽⬊ෆᡂศࡢศゎࡣ⣽⬊࡟኱ࡁ࡞ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ࣮࢜ࢺࣇ࢓ࢪ࣮ࡣཝᐦ࡟ไᚚࡉࢀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸୍᪉࡛ࠊ⣽⬊ࡀ㣚㣹≧ែ࡟࠾ࡕ࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊ࣮࢜ࢺࣇ࢓ࢪ࣮ࡀㄏᑟࡉࢀ⣽⬊ෆࡢ୙せ࡞ᵓ㐀≀ࡢศゎ≀ࢆ෌฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ
㣚㣹᮲௳ୗ࡛ࡶ⏕ࡁᘏࡧࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋ ௒ᅇ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ࣮࢜ࢺࣇ࢓ࢪ࣮ࢆㄏᑟࡍࡿࢫ࢖ࢵࢳᙺࡢࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࢆ᥈ࡍ┠ⓗ࡛ࠊᰤ㣴⎔ቃࡢኚື࡟
కࡗ࡚ࣜࣥ㓟໬≧ែࡀኚ໬ࡍࡿ $WJ ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁࡟ὀ┠ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ$WJ ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢࣜࣥ㓟໬㒊఩ࢆ≉ᐃࡋࠊࣜࣥ㓟໬ࡀ㉳ࡇࡽ࡞࠸⬺ࣜࣥ㓟໬ᆺኚ␗య $WJ ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࢆసᡂࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࢆ㓝ẕ⣽⬊ෆ࡟సࡽࡏࡿ࡜ࠊᰤ㣴⎔ቃ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ࣮࢜ࢺࣇ࢓ࢪ࣮ࡀㄏᑟࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ$WJ ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢࣜ
ࣥ㓟໬≧ែࡢኚ໬ࡀࠊ࣮࢜ࢺࣇ࢓ࢪ࣮ไᚚࡢࠕࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡀド᫂ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ௒
ᅇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊᰤ㣴㇏ᐩ࡞⎔ቃୗ࡛㓝ẕ࡟࣮࢜ࢺࣇ࢓ࢪ࣮ࢆㄏᑟࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓึࡵ࡚ࡢᡂᯝ࡛ࡍࠋ ࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣ  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥Ⓨ⾜ࡢ⡿ᅜᚤ⏕≀Ꮫ఍ㄅ 0ROHFXODUDQG&HOOXODU%LRORJ\ ㄅ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺  㠃ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺  㠃

− 279 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ᖿ⣽⬊ࡢᒃሙᡤ㸦ࢽࢵࢳ㸧ࡢᗈࡉࢆỴࡵࡿ⢾ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢാࡁࢆゎ᫂Hayashi, Y., Kobayashi, S., and Nakato, H. (2009). Drosophila glypicans regulate the germline
stem cell niche. J. Cell Biol. 187, 473-480.
⚾ࡓࡕࡢయࡣᩘከࡃࡢ⣽⬊࠿ࡽసࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ⣽⬊ࡣ᪥ࠎࠊയᐖࡸ⪁໬ࠊ᪂㝞௦ㅰ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡾኻࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡲ
ࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ⚾ࡓࡕࡢయࡀ↓ࡃ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ヂࡣࠊᖿ⣽⬊࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⣽⬊ࡀඖ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞⣽⬊ࢆ౪⤥ࡍࡿ௙⤌ࡳࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡍࠋᒸᓮ⤫ྜࣂ࢖࢜ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸭ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢᯘⰋᶞຓᩍࠊ࣑ࢿࢯࢱ኱Ꮫࡢ୰⸨༤ᚿ෸ᩍ
ᤵࡽ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ࣊ࣃࣛࣥ◲㓟ࣉࣟࢸ࢜ࢢࣜ࢝ࣥ㸦௨ୗࠊ+63*㸧࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⢾ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡀࠊᖿ⣽⬊ࡢ⥔ᣢ࡟ᚲ㡲࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟Ⓨぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ+63* ࡣࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢᮏయ࠿ࡽ⢾ࡢ㛗࠸㙐㸦⢾㙐㸧ࢆ」ᩘఙࡤࡋࡓᵓ㐀ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣ +63* 㑇ఏᏊࡀቯࢀࡓࢩࣙ࢘ࢪࣙ࢘ࣂ࢚ࡢ✺↛ኚ␗యࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ⢭Ꮚࡸ༸ࢆࡘࡃࡾࡔ
ࡍᖿ⣽⬊㸦⏕Ṫᖿ⣽⬊㸧ࡢᵝᏊࢆほᐹࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ+63* ࡀኻࢃࢀࡿ࡜ᖿ⣽⬊ࡣ⥔ᣢࡉࢀࡎ࡟ᾘኻࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺
ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ+63* ࡀࠊᖿ⣽⬊ࡢ⥔ᣢ࡟ᚲせ࡞ᣑᩓᛶࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢస⏝⠊ᅖࢆไᚚࡋ࡚
࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢ௙⤌ࡳࡀᖿ⣽⬊ࡢᒃሙᡤ㸦ࢽࢵࢳ㸧ࡢᗈࡉࢆỴࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ+63* ࡣࢩࣙ࢘ࢪࣙ࢘ࣂ࢚ࡢࡳ
࡞ࡽࡎࠊ⚾ࡓࡕே㛫ࢆྵࡴከࡃࡢື≀✀࡟࠾࠸࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋᮏ◊✲ࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ⚾ࡓࡕࡢయෆ࠾ࡅࡿᖿ⣽⬊⥔ᣢࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡟㔜せ࡞▱ぢࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊᖿ⣽⬊⛣᳜་⒪࡟࠾࠸࡚୙ྍḞ࡞ࠊయእ࡛ࡢᖿ⣽⬊ࡢᇵ㣴ࡸࠊ⛣᳜ࡉࢀࡓᖿ⣽⬊ࡢయෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㐺ษ࡞ไᚚ࡟࠾࠸࡚㔜せ࡞ᇶ♏ⓗ▱ぢࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᛂ⏝་⒪ࡲ
࡛ྵࡵࡓᖜᗈ࠸◊✲ศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚㔜せ࡞ᇶ♏࡟࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣ  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥㸦⡿ᅜ᫬㛫㸧ࠊ⡿ᅜࡢ⣽⬊⏕≀Ꮫᑓ㛛ㄅ 7KH-RXUQDORI&HOO%LRORJ\ ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺− 280 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥᳜≀ࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ච␿࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢⓎぢࠥ⣽⳦ࡢឤᰁ࡟ᑐᢠࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᳜≀ࡢᡓ␎ࠥ

Hatsugai, N., Iwasaki, S., Tamura, K ., Kondo, M., Fuji, K ., Ogasawara, K ., Nishimura, M., andHara-Nishimura, I. (2009). A novel membrane fusion-mediated plant immunity plant proteasome
subunit mediates a novel defense strategy against bacterial pathogens. Genes Dev. 23,
2496-2506.
すᮧ࠸ࡃࡇ⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉ᩍᤵ࡜ึ㇂⣖ᖾ༤ኈ◊✲ဨ㸦⌧໭ᾏ㐨኱Ꮫ≉௵ຓᩍ㸧ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧすᮧᖿኵᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᩍᤵࡽࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ⣽⳦࡟ឤᰁࡋࡓ᳜≀ࡀㄏᑟࡍࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸㜵ᚚ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆୡ⏺࡛ึࡵ࡚Ⓨぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ᳜≀ࡣእᩛ࡛࠶ࡿ⣽⳦ࡸ࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢឤᰁ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊឤᰁࢆཷࡅࡓ⣽⬊ࢆ≛≅࡟ࡋ࡚Ṛ⁛ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⑓ཎయࡀ඲㌟࡟ᣑᩓ
ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㜵࠸࡛࠸ࡲࡍࠋᮏ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣ௒ᅇࠊ⣽⳦࡟ឤᰁࡋࡓ᳜≀ࡢ⣽⬊ࡀࠊ⣽⬊ࡢෆഃ࡟࠶ࡿᾮ⬊࡜እ㒊࡜ࢆࡘ࡞ࡄࢺࣥࢿࣝࢆࡘࡃࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊᾮ⬊ෆ㒊ࡢᢠ⳦ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࢆእ㒊࡟ᨺฟࡋ࡚⣽⳦ࢆᨷᧁࡍࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊ⮬ࡽࡢ⣽⬊ࢆṚ࡟⮳ࡽࡋࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺㜵ᚚ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆぢฟࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ⑓⹸ᐖ࡟ࡼࡿ㣗⣊ᦆኻࡢ㍍ῶࡣࠊ ୡ⣖ࡢ㣗⣊༴ᶵࢆᩆ࠺㔜せㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⸆๣㜵㝖ᢏ⾡࡟㢗ࡽ࡞࠸⎔ቃ࡟ㄪ࿴ࡋࡓ᪂ࡓ࡞⑓ᐖ㜵㝖ᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
୰ࠊᮏ◊✲ࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ᳜≀ࡀᮏ᮶ࡶࡘ⮬ᕫ㜵⾨⬟ຊࢆᙉ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࡢᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋᮏ
◊✲ᡂᯝࡣࠊ ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥㸦⡿ᅜ᫬㛫㸧࡟⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅࠕ*HQHV 'HYHORSPHQWࠖࡢ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥ㏿ሗ∧࡛බ㛤ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᮅ᪥᪂⪺ࠊ ி㒔᪂⪺ࠊ ⏘⤒᪂⪺ࠊ ᪥ᮏ⤒῭᪂⪺ࠊ ୰᪥᪂⪺ࠊ ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺− 281 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥⚄⤒㍈⣴ࡢṇࡋ࠸㐍㊰㑅ᢥ࡟ࡣ⣽⬊㦵᱁࡛࠶ࡿᚤᑠ⟶ࡢᏳᐃ໬ไᚚࡀᚲ㡲࡛࠶ࡿ
Shintani, T., Ihara, M., Tani, S., Sakuraba, J., Sakuta, H., and Noda, M. (2009). APC2 plays
an essential role in axonal projections through the regulation of microtubule stability. J.
Neurosci. 29, 11628-11640.

Ⓨ⏕㐣⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⚄⤒⣽⬊࠿ࡽⓎࡋࡓ㍈⣴ࡣࠊఙ㛗㏵୰ࡢ⣽⬊እࡢ㍈⣴࢞࢖ࢲࣥࢫศᏊࢆឤ▱ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ṇࡋ࠸⤒㊰ࢆ㑅ᢥࡋࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ᶆⓗ࡜࡞ࡿṇࡋ࠸⚄⤒⣽⬊࡜⚄⤒⤖ྜࢆᙧᡂࡋࡲࡍࠋ
㍈⣴࢞࢖ࢲࣥࢫศᏊࡢ᝟ሗࡣࠊ㍈⣴ෆࡢ⣽⬊㦵᱁ࢆไᚚࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡲࡍࡀࠊ⣽⬊㦵᱁ไᚚࡢศᏊᶵᵓࡢヲ⣽ࡣ୙࡛᫂ࡋࡓࠋᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ⤫ྜ⚄⤒⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲㒊㛛ࡢ᪂㇂㝯ྐຓᩍࠊ㔝⏣ᫀᬕᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ$GHQRPDWRXVSRO\SRVLVFROL $3& ࡜࠸࠺ศᏊࡀࠊ
⣽⬊㦵᱁࡛࠶ࡿᚤᑠ⟶ࡢไᚚࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㍈⣴࢞࢖ࢲࣥࢫศᏊ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㍈⣴ࡢᛂ⟅ᛶࢆỴᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛୙࡛᫂࠶ࡗࡓ⚄⤒ᅇ㊰ᙧᡂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᚤ
ᑠ⟶ࡢไᚚᶵᵓࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ㔜せ࡞▱ぢ࡛ࡍࠋ◊✲ࡢヲ⣽ࡣࠊ ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࠊ⡿ᅜ⚄⤒⛉Ꮫ఍Ꮫ఍ㄅ -RXUQDORI1HXURVFLHQFH ㄅ࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ

− 282 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥㑇ఏᏊ⤌᥮࠼࡛⏕ࡁࡓ໬▼ࢆసࡿࠥ㝣ୖ᳜≀ࡢ㉳※࡟᪂௬ㄝࢆᥦၐࠥ
Okano, Y., Aono, N., Hiwatashi, Y., Murata, T., Nishiyama, T., Ishikawa, T., Kubo, M., andHasebe, M. (2009). A polycomb repressive complex 2 gene regulates apogamy and gives
evolutionary insights into early land plant evolution. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 106,
16321-16326.
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ⏕≀㐍໬◊✲㒊㛛ࡢᒸ㔝㝧௓◊✲ဨࠊ㛗㇂㒊ගὈᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡᣺⯆ᶵᵓࠊ㔠ἑ኱ᏛᏛ㝿⛉Ꮫᐇ㦂ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࢥࢣ᳜≀ࡢࣄ࣓ࢶࣜ࢞ࢿࢦࢣ࡟࠾࠸࡚࣏ࣜࢥ࣮࣒ᢚไ」ྜయ㸰㸦35&㸧㑇ఏᏊ㸦௨ୗ࣏ࣜࢥ࣮࣒㑇ఏᏊ㸧࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⣽⬊ࡢグ᠈ࢆไᚚࡍࡿ㑇ఏᏊࢆቯࡍ࡜ࠊᯞศ࠿ࢀࢆࡍࡿ⤯⁛ࡋࡓ໬▼᳜≀㸦๓⥔⟶᮰᳜≀㸧࡟ఝࡓ᳜≀యࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆⓎぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋᚑ᮶ࠊ㝣ୖ᳜≀ࡢ♽ඛࡣ⌧⏕ࢥࢣ᳜≀ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ௒ᅇࡢⓎぢࡣࠊᯞศ࠿ࢀᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡗࡓ๓⥔⟶᮰᳜≀ࡀ㝣ୖ᳜≀ࡢ♽ඛ࡛࠶ࡗࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ௒ᚋࠊ㝣ୖ᳜≀ࡢ㐍໬㐣⛬ࢆ෌᳨ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ
ࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑࣮⣖せ㟁Ꮚ∧࡟࡚  ᭶  ᪥㸦᪥ᮏ᫬㛫㸧࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥⤒᪂⪺ࠊ ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ ᮾᾏឡ▱᪂⪺ࠊ ᮅ᪥᪂⪺− 283 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࢜࢜ࣂࢥࡢ௰㛫ࡣ㞧✀ࡔࡽࡅࠥ᪥ᮏྂ᮶ࡢ࢜࢜ࣂࢥࡣࠊ኱㝣⏘ࡢࢭ࢖ࣚ࢘࢜࢜ࣂࢥࡢ㞧✀࠿ࡽ⏕ࡌࡓࠥ
Ishikawa, N., Yokoyama, J., and Tsukaya, H. (2009). Molecular evidence of reticulate evolution
in the subgenus Plantago (Plantaginaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 96, 1627–1635.
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ▼ᕝ┤Ꮚ◊✲ဨࠊᒣᙧ኱Ꮫࡢᶓᒣ₶ᩍᤵࠊᮾி኱Ꮫࡢሯ㇂⿱୍ᩍᤵ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ㐨➃࡟⏕࠼࡚ࠊ㋃ࡲࢀ࡚ࡶ㋃ࡲࢀ࡚ࡶ୔ኵ࡟⫱ࡘࡇ࡜࡛ୡ⏺ⓗ࡟ࡶ㌟㏆࡞㞧ⲡࠊ࢜࢜ࣂࢥࡢ௰㛫࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㑇ఏᏊゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ᪥ᮏྂ᮶ࡢ࢜࢜ࣂࢥࡣࠊ࣮ࣘࣛࢩ࢔኱㝣࡟ᗈࡃศᕸࡋ᭱㏆᪥ᮏ࡬ࡢᖐ໬ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࢭ࢖ࣚ࢘࢜࢜ࣂࢥࡢ㞧✀࠿ࡽ⏕ࡌࡓ✀㸦ࡋࡹ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᗈࡃ࢜࢜ࣂࢥᒓࡢ㢮⦕㛵ಀࢆㄪ࡭ࠊ㦫ࡃ࡯࡝ከࡃࡢ࢜࢜
ࣂࢥᒓ᳜≀ࡀࠊ஫࠸࡟」㞧࡟ධࡾ⤌ࢇࡔ㞧✀ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ࢔࣓᳜ࣜ࢝
≀Ꮫ఍ࡀ⦅㞟ࡍࡿᅜ㝿ㄅࠊ$PHULFDQ-RXUQDORI%RWDQ\ ㄅ  ᖺ  ᭶ྕ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ ୰᪥᪂⪺ࠊ ᮅ᪥᪂⪺ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺













− 284 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࣑ࢺࢥࣥࢻࣜ࢔ࡔࡅศูࡋ࡚ศゎ㹼⣽⬊ෆࣜࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒͆࣮࢜ࢺࣇ࢓ࢪ࣮͇ࡢศูᶵᵓࡢ୍➃ࢆゎ᫂㹼Okamoto, K ., Kondo-Okamoto, N., and Ohsumi, Y. (2009). Mitochondria-anchored receptor
A tg32 mediates degradation of mitochondria via selective autophagy. Dev. Cell, 17, 87-97.
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤศᏊ⣽⬊⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲㒊㛛ࡢᒸᮏᾈ஧◊✲ဨࠊᒸᮏᚨᏊ◊✲ဨ࠾ࡼࡧ኱㝮Ⰻ඾ᩍᤵࡽࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ
⣽⬊ෆࡢࣜࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⣽⬊ᑠჾᐁࡢ୍ࡘࠊ࣑ࢺࢥࣥࢻࣜ࢔ࡔࡅࢆ≉࡟ศูࡋ࡚ฎ⌮ࡍࡿᶵᵓࢆ᫂ࡽ
࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ࣑ࢺࢥࣥࢻࣜ࢔ࡣ⣽⬊ෆ࡛࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆసࡾฟࡍ㔜せ࡞⣽⬊ᑠჾᐁ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ㓟໬ࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟ࡉࡽࡉࢀ
࡚യࡘࡁࠊ୙せ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࣑ࢺࢥࣥࢻࣜ࢔ࡣศゎࡉࢀࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ㓝ẕ࡛᪂ࡋࡃⓎぢࡋࡓ $WJࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡀࠊ
͆ศู࣐࣮ࢡ͇ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊྂࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ࣑ࢺࢥࣥࢻࣜ࢔ࡀศูฎ⌮ࡉࢀࡿ௙⤌ࡳࢆึࡵ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ⛉Ꮫᑓ㛛ㄅ'HYHORSPHQWDO&HOO ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺

− 285 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࣐࢘ࢫ⬇⤌⧊ࡢෆഃࠊእഃࢆỴࡵࡿ㑇ఏᏊSULFNOH
Tao, H., Suzuki, M., K iyonari, H., Abe, T., Sasaoka, T., and Ueno, N. (2009). Mouse prickle1,
the homolog of a PCP gene, is essential for epiblast apical-basal polarity. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci.
USA 106, 14426-14431.
⚾ࡓࡕࡢయࡢᙧࡣࠊጞࡲࡾࡣࡓࡗࡓ୍ࡘࡢ⣽⬊࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿཷ⢭༸ࡢ୸࠸ᙧ࡛ࡍࠋ⣽⬊ࡢᩘࡀቑ࠼ࠊ」㞧࡞ᙧ࡙ࡃࡾࡢ㐣⛬ࢆ⤒࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⏕ࡁ≀ࡢᙧࡀࡘࡃࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡁࡲࡍࠋᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᙧែᙧᡂ◊✲㒊㛛ࡢ⏣ᑿ჆㄃◊✲ဨࠊୖ㔝┤ேᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊSULFNOH㸦ࣉࣜࢵࢡࣝ㸯㸧࡜࠸࠺㑇ఏᏊࡀࠊࡈࡃึᮇ ╔ᗋ┤ᚋࡢ㡭 ࡢయࡢᙧసࡾ࡟ᚲ㡲࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋSULFNOH㑇ఏᏊࢆ◚ቯࡋࡓ࣐࢘ࢫࡢ⬇ࡣࠊⓎ⏕ึᮇ࡟࢚ࣆࣈࣛࢫࢺ ཎጞእ⬇ⴥ ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⤌⧊࡛㏻ᖖぢࡽࢀࡿෆഃࠊእഃࡢ≉ᚩࡀኻࢃࢀࠊṚ࡟⮳ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡜⌮໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤⓎ⏕࣭෌⏕⛉Ꮫ⥲ྜ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ື≀㈨※㛤Ⓨᐊ࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾ⾜ࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ◊✲ࡢヲ⣽ࡣ⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑࣮⣖せ 31$6 㟁Ꮚ∧  ᭶  ᪥ྕ࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ





























− 286 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥᳜≀ࡢཷ⢭ࢆไᚚࡍࡿᅉᏊࢆⓎぢ㹼᳜≀ࡢ࢜ࢫ࡜࣓ࢫࡢ༠ㄪᛶࡣ㑇ఏᏊࡢ㔜」࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㐍໬ࡋࡓ㹼Miyazaki, S., Murata, T., Sakurai-Ozato, N., Kubo, M., Demura, T., Fukuda, H., and Hasebe, M.
(2009). ANXUR1 and 2, sister genes to F ERONIA/SIRENE, are male factors for coordinatedfertilization. Curr. Biol. 19, 1327-1331.
␗࡞ࡗࡓ✀㢮ࡢ᳜≀ࢆ஺㓄ࡋ࡚ࡶ✀ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇࠋࡇࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ཎᅉࡢ୍ࡘࡣࠊⰼ⢊⟶࠿ࡽࡢ⢭⣽⬊㸦ື≀ࡢ⢭Ꮚ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿ⣽⬊㸧ࡢᨺฟ࡜㞤ࡋ࡭ࡢ༸⿦⨨࡛ࡢ༸⣽⬊ࡢ㛤ᨺࡀㄪᗘⰋ࠸ࢱ࢖࣑ࣥࢢ࡛㉳ࡇࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ⏕≀㐍໬◊✲㒊㛛ࡢᐑᓮࡉ࠾ࡾ◊✲ဨࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊࢩࣟ࢖ࢾࢼࢬࢼ㸦࢔ࣈࣛࢼ⛉㸧ࢆᮦᩱ࡜ࡋ
࡚ࠊⰼ⢊⟶ഃ࡛༸⿦⨨ࢆㄆ㆑ࡍࡿᅉᏊࢆⓎぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡶࠊ௒ᅇⓎぢࡋࡓⰼ⢊⟶ഃ㸦㞝ഃ㸧ᅉᏊࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ሗ࿌
ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ༸⿦⨨ഃ㸦㞤ഃ㸧ᅉᏊ࡜ࠊⰼࡢဏࡃ᳜≀ࡢ㞝㞤ࡀ㐍໬ࡋࡓ㡭࡟ࠊྠࡌ♽ඛ㑇ఏᏊ࠿ࡽ㐍໬ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ
ࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ㞤㞝࡛஫࠸ࢆㄆ㆑ࡍࡿᅉᏊࡀྠࡌ㑇ఏᏊ࡟㉳※ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜࠸࠺Ⓨぢࡣ᳜≀ࡢ㞤㞝ࡢ༠ㄪᛶࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺
࡟㐍໬ࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿ➨୍Ṍ࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ௒ᅇࡢⓎぢ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ␗࡞ࡗࡓ✀㛫࡛ࡢ஺㓄ࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿ௙⤌ࡳࡢ◊✲ࡀ㐍ࡳࠊᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࡣࠊస≀ࡢရ✀ᨵⰋ࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ⡿ᅜࡢ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅ࢝ࣞࣥࢺࣂ࢖
࢜ࣟࢪ࣮㟁Ꮚ∧࡟࡚㸵᭶㸱㸮᪥㸦⡿ᅜᮾ㒊᫬㛫㸧࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺

− 287 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥㟋㛗㢮ࡢ኱⬻⓶㉁࡛୧║ど࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ᵓ㐀ࢆⓎぢTakahata, T., Higo, N., K aas, J.H., and Yamamori, T. (2009). Expression of immediate-earlygenes reveals functional compartments within ocular dominance columns after brief monocularinactivation. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 106, 12151-12155.
⚾ࡓࡕࡢ⬻ࡣࠊྑ║࡜ᕥ║ࡑࢀࡒࢀ࠿ࡽධຊࡉࢀࡿ᝟ሗࢆ  ࡘࡢീ࡟⤫ྜࡍࡿ᝟ሗฎ⌮ࡢ௙⤌ࡳࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋᇶ
♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ㧗⏿஽◊✲ဨ㸦⌧ࣂࣥࢲ࣮ࣅࣝࢺ኱㸧࡜ᒣ᳃ဴ㞝ᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣ㟋㛗㢮㸦࣐࢝ࢡࢨࣝ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᕥྑࡢ║ࡢどぬධຊࣂࣛࣥࢫࡀ኱ࡁࡃᔂࢀࡓ᫬ࠊ኱⬻⓶㉁ࡢ୍ḟどぬ㔝࡛⚄⤒άືࡀኚ໬ࡋࠊ௒ࡲ࡛▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓ⚄⤒ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᵓ㐀ࡀྍど໬ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟Ⓨぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᵓ㐀ࡣࠊ୧║どࡢ᝟ሗฎ⌮࡜ᐦ᥋࡞㛵㐃ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋ௒ᚋࠊࡇࡢᡂᯝࢆࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ୍ḟどぬ㔝࡛ࡢ᝟ሗฎ⌮ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ඲
ᐜゎ᫂࡟㏆࡙ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ௒ᅇࡢⓎぢࡣࢣ࢞ࡸ⑓Ẽ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡾ⥙⭷ࡀᦆയࡋࡓ㝿࡟ࠊ⬻ࡢ᝟ሗฎ⌮ᶵ⬟࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⿵ൾࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿୖ࡛ࡶ㔜せ࡞▱ぢ࡜࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑࣮⣖せ㟁Ꮚ∧࡟࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ᪥ᮏ⤒῭᪂⪺ࠊ ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺










− 288 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥↓⬨᳝ື≀ࡢ⏕Ṫ⭢่⃭࣍ࣝࣔࣥࢆୡ⏺࡟ඛ㥑ࡅࣄࢺࢹ࠿ࡽⓎぢ
Mita, M., Yoshikuni, M., Ohno, K ., Shibata, Y., Paul-Prasanth, B., Pitchayawasin, S., Isobe, M.,
and Nagahama, Y. (2009). A relaxin-like peptide purified from radial nerves induces oocyte
maturation and ovulation in the starfish, Asterina pectinifera. Proc. Natl. A cad. Sci. USA 106,
9507-9512.
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ㛗℈჆Ꮥ≉௵ᩍᤵ࡜ᮾிᏛⱁ኱Ꮫࡢ୕⏣㞞ᩄᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊᲲ⓶ື≀࡛࠶ࡿ࢖ࢺ࣐࢟
ࣄࢺࢹࡢᨺᑕ⚄⤒ᢳฟ≀࠿ࡽ↓⬨᳝ື≀࡛᭱ึ࡜࡞ࡿ⏕Ṫ⭢่⃭࣍ࣝࣔࣥࢆ⢭〇ࡋࠊᵓ㐀ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌ
ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ㦫࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࠊࣄࢺࢹࡢ⏕Ṫ⭢่⃭࣍ࣝࣔࣥࡣࠊࣄࢺዪᛶࡢዷፎࡸศፔࢆຓࡅࡿാࡁࡢ࠶ࡿࣜࣛ࢟ࢩࣥ࡜
࿧ࡤࢀࡿ࣍ࣝࣔࣥ࡟Ⰻࡃఝࡓ໬Ꮫᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᚋࠊࡇࡢࣜࣛ࢟ࢩࣥᵝ࣍ࣝࣔࣥࡀ௚ࡢ↓⬨᳝ື≀࡟ࡶᏑᅾࡋࠊྠᵝࡢാࡁࢆ♧ࡍࡢ࠿ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞◊✲ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ᭷⏝࡞ᾏ⏘↓⬨᳝ື≀ ࢘ࢽࠊ࢝ࢽࠊ࢚ࣅ➼ ࡢࡼࡾヲࡋ࠸⏕Ṫᶵᵓࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣࠊ⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑࣮⣖せ㟁Ꮚ∧㸦 ᭶  ᪥ྕ㸧࡟࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸 ୰᪥᪂⪺ࠊ ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺ࠊㄞ኎᪂⪺− 289 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥㛗࠸ '1$ ࢆࢥࣥࣃࢡࢺ࡟཰⣡ࡍࡿ㹼ᰁⰍయจ⦰ࡢㅦ࡟࣓ࢫ㹼
Johzuka, K ., and Horiuchi, T. (2009). The cis-element and factors required for condensin
recruitment to chromosome. Mol. Cell 34, 26-35.
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࢤࣀ࣒ືែ◊✲㒊㛛ࡢᐃሯ຾ᶞຓᩍ࡜ᇼෆᔞᩍᤵࡣࠊ⣽⬊ࡢ᰾ࡢ୰ࡢ '1$ ࢆࢥࣥࣃࢡࢺ࡟཰⣡ࡍࡿ͇ᰁⰍయจ⦰͆࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⌧㇟࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊจ⦰࡟ᚲせ࡞⺮ⓑ㉁」ྜయ ࢥࣥࢹࣥࢩࣥ ࡀᰁⰍయ '1$ ࡟⤖ྜࡍࡿ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣ'1$ ࡜⺮ⓑ㉁」ྜయࡢ⤖ྜ࡟୙ྍḞ࡞ '1$ 㓄ิࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊ
ࣜࢡ࣮ࣝࢱ࣮࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⺮ⓑ㉁ࡢᙺ๭ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾࠊᰁⰍయࡀᙧసࡽࢀࡿ௙⤌ࡳࡢ᏶඲⌮ゎ࡟ྥࡅ࡚኱ࡁࡃ๓㐍ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥Ⓨ⾜ࡢ⡿ᅜࡢ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅࠕ0ROHFXODU&HOOࠖ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺

− 290 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥኱ேࡧࡓⴥࡢᛶ㉁ࢆࡘࡃࡿ௙⤌ࡳࢆⓎぢUsami, T., Horiguchi, G., Yano, S. and Tsukaya, H. (2009). The more and smaller cells mutantsof Arabidopsis thaliana identify novel roles for SQ UAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING
PROTEIN-LIK E genes in the control of heteroblasty. Development 136, 955-964.
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ᳜≀Ⓨ⏕㑇ఏᏛ◊✲㒊㛛ࡢሯ㇂⿱୍ᐈဨᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊࢩࣟ࢖ࢾࢼࢬࢼ࡜࠸࠺࢔ࣈࣛ
ࢼ⛉ࡢ᳜≀ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ᳜≀ࡀᖺ┦ᛂࡢⴥࢆࡘࡅࡿࠊࠕ␗ᙧⴥᛶࠖ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⌧㇟ࡢ⫼ᬒ࡜࡞ࡿ௙⤌ࡳࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟Ⓨぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊᮏ᮶ᗂᙅ࡞  ᯛ┠ࡢᮏⴥࡀࠊࡼࡾᡂ⇍ࡋࡓⴥࡢᛶ㉁ࢆᣢࡘ࡜࠸࠺ኚ␗య࡟ὀ┠ࡋࠊヲࡋ࠸ゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᡂ⇍ࡋࡓⴥࡣࠊ⣽⬊ᩘࡀቑ࠼ࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊ୍ࡘ୍ࡘࡢ⣽⬊య✚ࡣῶࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠊ᪂
ࡓ࡞஦ᐇࢆⓎぢࡋࠊࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࡀ≉ู࡞ 51$ ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ไᚚࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣⱥᅜ
ࡢ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅࢹࣦ࢙ࣟࢵࣉ࣓ࣥࢺㄅ㸦'HYHORSPHQW㸧࡟࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺ࠊᮅ᪥᪂⪺− 291 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ୖྥࡁ࡜ୗྥࡁࡢගࡢືࡁࢆ⬻࡬ఏ࠼ࡿ  ✀㢮ࡢ⥙⭷⚄⤒⠇⣽⬊ࡢྠᐃ࡟ᡂຌ

Yonehara, K ., Ishikane, H., Sakuta, H., Shintani, T., Nakamura-Yonehara, K ., K amiji, N.L., Usui,S., and Noda, M. (2009). Identification of retinal ganglion cells and their projections involved incentral transmission of information about upward and downward image motion. PLoS O N E 4,
e4320.
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ⤫ྜ⚄⤒⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲㒊㛛ࡢ㔝⏣ᫀᬕᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊᑓಟ኱Ꮫࡢ▼㔠ᾈྐㅮᖌ࠾ࡼࡧ⌮໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ⬻⛉Ꮫ⥲ྜ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢ⮻஭ᨭᮁࢳ࣮࣒࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࡽࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡜ඹྠ࡛ࠊୖྥࡁࡲࡓࡣୗྥࡁࡢගࡢື
ࡁ࡟཯ᛂࡍࡿ  ✀㢮ࡢ⥙⭷⚄⤒⠇⣽⬊ࢆྠᐃࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ⣽⬊ࡢᶵ⬟࡜ᵓ㐀࠾ࡼࡧ⬻࡬ࡢ⤖ྜᵝᘧ࡞࡝ࡢヲ⣽ࢆୡ⏺
࡛ึࡵ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊගࡢືࡁࡢ᪉ྥࢆឤ▱ࡍࡿどぬ⣔࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࠾ࡼࡧ║⌫㐠ືไᚚ࣓࢝
ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢゎ᫂࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࡜ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋ◊✲ࡢヲ⣽ࡣࠊ ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࠊ⡿ᅜࡢ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅࣉࣟࢫ࣡ࣥ 3/R621(
ㄅ࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺

− 292 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࢭࣟࢺࢽࣥࡢどぬ࡟ᯝࡓࡍᙺ๭ࢆゎ᫂ࠥ㩭᫂࡞どぬീࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵࡢ⬻ࡢ௙⤌ࡳࠥ
Watakabe, A ., Komatsu, Y., Sadakane, O., Shimegi, S., Takahata, T., Higo, N., Tochitani, S.,
Hashikawa, T., Naito, T., Osaki, H., Sakamoto, H., Okamoto, M., Ishikawa, A ., Hara, S., A kasaki,T., Sato, H., and Yamamori, T. (2009). Enriched expression of serotonin 1B and 2A receptor
genes in macaque visual cortex and their bidirectional modulatory effects on neuronal responses.
Cerebral Cortex 19, 1915 - 1928.
ࢭࣟࢺࢽࣥࡣࠊ⚄⤒⣽⬊㛫࡛᝟ሗఏ㐩ࢆ⾜࠺໬Ꮫ≀㉁࡛࠶ࡿ⚄⤒ఏ㐩≀㉁ࡢ㸯ࡘ࡛ࡍࠋ⬻ෆࡢࢭࣟࢺࢽࣥ⃰ᗘࡢపୗ࡜㨚⑓➼࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀࠊࢭࣟࢺࢽࣥࡢ⬻࡟࠾ࡅࡿᶵ⬟ࡣࡼࡃࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ⬻⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲㒊㛛ࡢᒣ᳃ဴ㞝ᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣ኱㜰኱Ꮫࡢబ⸨ᏹ㐨ᩍᤵࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡜ඹྠ࡛ࠊࢭࣟࢺࢽࣥࡀ⬻ෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿどぬࡢ᝟ሗฎ⌮࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㞧㡢㸦ࣀ࢖ࢬ㸧ࢆῶᑡࡉࡏࡿᙺ๭࡜ࠊどぬ่⃭ࡢࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࢆ㐺ᙜ࡞ᙉࡉ࡟
ㄪ⠇ࡍࡿᙺ๭ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᅇࡢ◊✲ࡣࠊࢭࣟࢺࢽࣥࡢ㧗ḟ⬻ᶵ⬟࡟࠾ࡅࡿᙺ๭ࡢ୍➃ࢆึࡵ࡚᫂☜࡟♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ௒ᚋࠊࡑࡢ⬻࡟࠾ࡅࡿᙺ๭ࡢ඲ᐜゎ᫂࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣ⬻⛉Ꮫᑓ㛛ㄅ&HUHEUDO&RUWH[࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥ∧࡟  ᭶  ᪥࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺  㠃

− 293 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ
᳜≀✀ᏊࡢⓎⱆ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⏕ᡂ࡟ᚲ㡲࡞᪂つ㍺㏦యࢆⓎぢ
Arai, Y., Hayashi, M., and Nishimura, M. (2008). Proteomic identification and characterizationof a novel peroxisomal adenine nucleotide transporter supplying ATP for fatty acid ȕ-oxidation
in soybean and Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 20, 3227-3240.
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㧗ḟ⣽⬊ᶵᵓ◊✲㒊㛛ࡢ᪂஭♸Ꮚ◊✲ဨࠊᯘㄔ෸ᩍᤵࠊすᮧᖿኵᩍᤵࡣࠊ✀ᏊࡢⓎⱆ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⏕ᡂ࡟ᚲ㡲࡜࡞ࡿࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ 31&㸦ࣆ࣮࢚ࢾࢩ࣮㸧ࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟Ⓨぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ᳜≀ࡢ✀Ꮚ࡟ࡣ⬡⫫ࡸࢹࣥࣉࣥ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ㈓ⶶ≀㉁ࡀ⵳࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ᳜≀ࡣⓎⱆ࡟ᚲせ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆࡇࢀࡽࡢ㈓ⶶ≀㉁ࢆศゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᚓ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
⬡⫫ࢆ⇞ࡸࡋ࡚࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆᚓࡿ㐣⛬ࡣ୺࡟࣌ࣝ࢜࢟ࢩࢯ࣮࣒࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⣽⬊ෆࡢᵓ㐀ࡢ୰࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢ㐣⛬࡟ᚲせ࡞≀㉁ࡀࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚࣌ࣝ࢜࢟ࢩࢯ࣮࣒ෆ㒊࡟㞟ࡲࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࡢ඲ᐜࡣゎ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࠋ௒ᅇࠊ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣ⬡⫫௦ㅰ࡟ᚲせ࡞≀㉁ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ࢔ࢹࣀࢩࣥ୕ࣜࣥ㓟 $73 ࢆ࣌ࣝ࢜࢟ࢩࢯ࣮࣒ෆ࡟㍺㏦ࡍࡿࢱࣥࣃ
ࢡ㉁ 31& ࢆⓎぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ 31& ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࢆᑡ㔞ࡋ࠿ᣢࡓ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ᨵኚࡋࡓኚ␗య᳜≀࡛ࡣࠊ㈓ⶶ⬡⫫ࡢศゎࡀ࠺ࡲࡃ㐍ࡲࡎࠊ೺඲࡟Ⓨⱆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾࠊⓎⱆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⬡⫫ࡢ௦ㅰ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒
ࡢ୍➃ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊⓎⱆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⬡⫫ࡢ㔜せᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᚋࠊࡇࡢ㍺㏦యࡢ◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ✀ᏊⓎⱆࡢ௙⤌ࡳࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟Ⓨⱆࢆㄪ⠇ࡍࡿᡭἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋ௒ᅇࡢ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣࠊᏛ⾡㞧ㄅࠕ7KH3ODQW&HOOࠖ ᭶ྕ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥ∧࡟  ᭶  ᪥࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓྠㄅࡢᕳ㢌࡟ὀ┠ㄽᩥ࡜ࡋ࡚࡜ࡾ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸᪥⤒⏘ᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺  㠃

− 294 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ୡ⏺ึ㸟࣐ࢼ࣐ࢥࡢᨺ༸࣭ᨺ⢭㸦⏕Ṫ⾜ື㸧ࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿ⚄⤒࣍ࣝࣔࣥࢆⓎぢ࣐ࠥࢼ࣐ࢥࡢ኱㔞⏕⏘ྍ⬟࡟ࠥ
K ato, S., Tsurumaru, S., Taga, M., Yamane, T., Shibata, Y., Ohno, K ., Fujiwara, A ., Yamano, K .,and Yoshikuni, M. (2009). Neuronal peptides induce oocyte maturation and gamete spawning ofsea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus. Developmental Biology 326, 169-176.

஑ᕞ኱Ꮫ㸦ྜྷᅜ㏻ᗤ኱Ꮫ㝔㎰Ꮫ◊✲㝔ᩍᤵ㸸◊✲௦⾲⪅㸧ࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᶵᵓ㸦኱㔝⸅ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤຓᩍ㸧ࠊỈ⏘⥲ྜ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸦ᒣ㔝ᜨ♸㣴Ṫ◊✲ᡤࢳ࣮࣒㛗㸧ࡢඹྠ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊ࣐ࢼ࣐ࢥࡢ⚄⤒࠿ࡽᨺ༸࣭ᨺ⢭࡞࡝ࡢ⏕Ṫ⾜ືࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿ⚄⤒࣍ࣝࣔࣥࡢゎ᫂࡟ୡ⏺࡛ึࡵ࡚ᡂຌࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᅇࡢ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣࠊ⊂❧⾜ᨻἲே㎰ᴗ࣭㣗ရ⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᶵᵓ⏕≀⣔≉ᐃ⏘ᴗᢏ⾡◊✲ᨭ᥼ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡀᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࠕ᪂ᢏ⾡࣭᪂ศ㔝๰ฟࡢࡓࡵࡢᇶ♏◊✲᥎㐍஦ᴗࠖࡢᖹᡂ㸯㸶ᖺᗘ᥇ᢥㄢ㢟ࠕỈ⏘↓⬨᳝ື≀ࡢ⏕Ṫ⭢่⃭࣍ࣝࣔࣥࡢゎ᫂࡜ᛂ⏝㸦◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸ྜྷᅜ㏻ᗤᩍᤵ㸧ࠖࡢ◊✲ࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ඹྠ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ⾜ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ⡿ᅜⓎ⏕⏕≀Ꮫ఍ㄅ㸦'HYHORSPHQWDO%LRORJ\ ㄅ㸧࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉ
ࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸୰᪥᪂⪺ࠊ᪥ᮏ⤒῭᪂⪺ࠊᮅ᪥᪂⪺ࠊ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺








− 295 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ
᳜≀ࡢ᪂つ⣽⬊ᑠჾᐁ͆(5 ࣎ࢹ࢕͇ࡢᙧᡂࡢ௙⤌ࡳࢆゎ᫂
Yamada, K ., Nagano, A . J., Nishina, M., Hara-Nishimura, I., and Nishimura, M. (2008). N A I2 isan endoplasmic reticulum component that enables ER body formation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Plant Cell 20, 2529-2540.
ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㧗ḟ⣽⬊ᶵᵓ◊✲㒊㛛ࡢᒣ⏣೺ᚿຓᩍ࠾ࡼࡧすᮧᖿኵᩍᤵࡽࡣࠊி㒔኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉Ọ㔝ᝡ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕࠾ࡼࡧすᮧ࠸ࡃࡇᩍᤵ࡜ඹྠࡋ࡚ࠊ᳜≀ࡢᑠ⬊య࠿ࡽᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ⣽⬊ෆᑠჾᐁ㸦࢜ࣝ࢞ࢿࣛ㸧ࠊ(5 ࣎ࢹ࢕ࡢᙧᡂᶵᵓࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ(5࣎ࢹ࢕ࡣࠊᑠ⬊య࠿ࡽᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ᪂つ⣽⬊ᑠჾᐁ࡜ࡋ࡚  ᖺ࡟㧗ḟ⣽⬊ᶵᵓ◊✲㒊㛛ࡀࣔࢹ᳜ࣝ≀ࡢࢩࣟ࢖ࢾࢼࢬࢼࡼࡾⓎぢࡋࠊゎᯒࡀ⥆ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᳜≀ࡣᵝࠎ࡞⎔ቃ࡟㐺ᛂࡋ࡚⏕ࡁࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ᶵ⬟ࢆࡶࡘ⣽⬊ᑠჾᐁࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓࡾࠊ᪤Ꮡࡢ⣽⬊ᑠჾᐁࡢᶵ⬟ࢆኚ᥮ࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋ(5࣎ࢹ࢕ࡣࠊᑠ⬊య࡜࠸࠺ᮏ᮶ศἪࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢྜᡂࡢሙ࡜ࡋ࡚ാࡃ⣽⬊ᑠჾᐁࡀࠊșࢢࣝࢥࢩࢲ࣮ࢮ࡜࠸࠺㓝⣲ࢆ኱㔞࡟⵳✚ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟≉Ṧ໬ࡋࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸⣽⬊ᑠჾᐁ࡛ࡍࠋ(5 ࣎ࢹ࢕ࡣᗂ᳜≀య࡟ぢࡽࢀࡲࡍࡀࠊയᐖࡸ㣗ᐖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶ
ㄏᑟࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊ⑓ᐖࡸ⹸ᐖ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㜵ᚚࡢࡓࡵࡢ⣽⬊ᑠჾᐁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ(5 ࣎ࢹ࢕ࡣࠊࢩ
ࣟ࢖ࢾࢼࢬࢼࢆྵࡴ࢔ࣈࣛࢼ┠࡟ࡳࡽࢀࡿ⣽⬊ᑠჾᐁ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡣࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚ᑠ
⬊యࡼࡾ (5࣎ࢹ࢕ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓࠋ௒ᅇࠊ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀⓎぢࡋ 1$, ࡜ྡ௜ࡅࡓ㑇ఏᏊࡀ (5 ࣎ࢹ࢕ࡢᙧᡂ࡟ᚲ㡲࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀึࡵ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᚋࠊࡇࡢ㑇ఏᏊࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᵝࠎ࡞స≀࡟ (5 ࣎ࢹ࢕ࢆసࡽࡏࠊ⑓ᐖࡸ⹸ᐖ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᢬ᢠᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋ௒ᅇࡢ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣࠊ ᭶  ᪥࡟㞧ㄅࠕ7KH3ODQW&HOOࠖ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥ∧࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺ࠊ᪥ᮏ⤒῭᪂⪺ࠊᮅ᪥᪂⪺− 296 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ
⥙⭷⚄⤒⠇⣽⬊ࡢࢧࣈࢱ࢖ࣉࡢ  ࡘࢆⓎ⏕ᮇ࠿ࡽぢศࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌ
ࠥගࡢືࡁࢆఏ࠼ࡿど⚄⤒ᅇ㊰ᙧᡂࡢⓎ㐩ᶵᵓࡢ୍➃ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࠥ

Yonehara, K ., Shintani, T., Suzuki, R., Sakuta, H., Takeuchi, Y., Nakamura-Yonehara, K ., andNoda, M. (2008). Expression of SPIG1 reveals development of a retinal ganglion cell subtype
projecting to the medial terminal nucleus in the mouse. PLoS O N E 3, e1533.
║ࡢ⥙⭷࡛ཷࡅྲྀࡽࢀࡓどぬ่⃭ࡣࠊ⥙⭷⚄⤒⠇⣽⬊ࢆ௓ࡋ࡚⬻࡟ఏ࠼ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ࡯ங㢮ࡢ⥙⭷⚄⤒⠇⣽⬊ࡣᙧែⓗ࡞㐪࠸࠿ࡽ  ✀㢮௨ୖ࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡀ␗࡞ࡿどぬ᝟ሗࢆ⬻࡟㐠ࡪࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽⓎ⏕ᮇ࡟࠾࠸࡚⥙⭷⚄⤒⠇⣽⬊ࡢ✀㢮ࡢ㐪࠸ࢆぢศࡅࡿ᪉ἲࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢⓎ㐩ᶵᵓࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿
࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓࠋᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ㔝⏣ᫀᬕᩍᤵࡽࡣࠊⓎ⏕ᮇ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ✀㢮ࡢ⥙⭷⚄⤒⠇⣽⬊
࡛άᛶ໬ࡍࡿ㑇ఏᏊࢆ࣐࢘ࢫ࡛Ⓨぢࡋࠊࡇࡢ㑇ఏᏊࢆ┠༳࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࡢ≉ᐃࡢ✀㢮ࡢ⥙⭷⚄⤒⠇⣽⬊ࡢⓎ㐩ࢆࠊึᮇࡢẁ㝵࠿ࡽぢศࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ⥙⭷⚄⤒⠇⣽⬊ࡣࠊ≉࡟ୖୗ᪉ྥ࡟ືࡃගࡢ᝟ሗࢆఏ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜
⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒ᅇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊගࡢືࡁࢆឤ▱ࡍࡿ⥙⭷⚄⤒ᅇ㊰ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ⬻ࡣཷࡅྲྀ
ࡗࡓどぬ᝟ሗࢆᇶ࡟࠸࠿࡟ࡋ࡚⾜ືࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࡢ࠿ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃୖ࡛㔜せ࡞ᡭ᥃࠿ࡾ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ◊✲ࡢヲ⣽ࡣࠊ ᖺ  ᭶ ᪥ࠊ⡿ᅜࡢ⛉Ꮫ㞧ㄅࣉࣟࢫ࣡ࣥ 3/R621( ㄅ࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺− 297 −

 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ
ࢥࢣࢤࣀ࣒ࡢゎㄞ᳜ࠥ≀ࡢ㝣ୖᚁ᭹ࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡋࡓ㑇ఏᏊࡢ㐍໬ゎ᫂࡬୍Ṍ๓㐍ࠥ
Rensing, S. A ., et al. (2008). The genome of the moss Physcomitrella patens reveals
evolutionary insights into the conquest of land by plants. Science 319, 64-69.
᪥ᮏࠊ⡿ᅜࠊࢻ࢖ࢶࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡞࡝㸴ࣨᅜ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲ࢳ࣮࣒ࡀࢥࢣ᳜≀ࣄ࣓ࢶࣜ࢞ࢿࢦࢣࡢࢤࣀ࣒ゎㄞ࡟ᡂຌࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ᪥ᮏࡣࠊᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊ㔠ἑ኱Ꮫࠊᅜ❧᝟ሗᏛ◊✲ᡤࠊᅜ❧㑇ఏᏛ◊✲ᡤࠊᮾி኱Ꮫࠊ
ྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫࠊ⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡᣺⯆ᶵᵓࡢ◊✲⪅ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ᏶඲㛗㹡㹂㹌㸿ࡢ㓄ิỴᐃࢆศᢸࡋࠊ
⣙㸱୓㸴༓㑇ఏᏊࢆⓎぢࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ㝣ୖ᳜≀ࡢ㐍໬㐣⛬࡛ࠊ᳜≀ࡢᙧసࡾࡸ⎔ቃᛂ⟅࡟ᚲせ࡞᳜≀࣍ࣝࣔࣥ㛵㐃㑇ఏᏊࠊ஝⇱⪏ᛶ࡟ᚲせ࡞㑇ఏᏊࠊᨺᑕ⥺࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆཷࡅࡓ㑇ఏᏊࡢຠ⋡ⓗ࡞ಟ᚟ᶵᵓ
࡟㛵ࢃࡿ㑇ఏᏊ࡞࡝ࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᚋࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡢヲ⣽࡞ᶵ⬟ゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ
㝣ୖ᳜≀ࡢ㐍໬࡟㛵୚ࡋࡓ㑇ఏᏊࡢゎ᫂ࠊࢥࢣ᳜≀ࡢᣢࡘ㧗࠸⎔ቃ⪏ᛶ⬟ຊ࡞࡝ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ㎰ᯘᴗⓗᛂ⏝ࡸᆅ⌫⎔ቃᑐ⟇࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࡀ㐍ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࡟⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫㄅ 6FLHQFH ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ
࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥ㏿ሗ∧࡛බ㛤ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᪂⪺ሗ㐨㸸ᮅ᪥᪂⪺ࠊ᪥⤒᪂⪺ࠊ᪥หᕤᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ໭ᅜ᪂⪺ࠊ᪥ᮏ㎰ᴗ᪂⪺ࠊ
୰᪥᪂⪺ ኤห ࠊᮾி᪂⪺ ኤห ࠊᒣᙧ᪂⪺ ኤห ࠊす᪥ᮏ᪂⪺ ኤห ࠊᮾዟ᪂⪺ ኤห ࠊಙ⃰ẖ᪥᪂⪺ ኤห ࠊி㒔᪂⪺ ኤห ࠊ⚄ᡞ᪂⪺ࠊẖ᪥᪂⪺ࠊ⛉Ꮫ᪂⪺

− 298 −

大学共同利用機関法人
自然科学研究機構

基礎生物学研究所

外部点検評価報告書
発行日

平成２３年９月

発行者

大学共同利用機関法人 自然科学研究機構
基礎生物学研究所
点検評価委員会〒444−8585

愛知県岡崎市明大寺町字西郷中38番地