In case of an accident requiring an ambulanceOccurrence of accident

1224-hour response
9:00～17:00
Call #3000 (Guard Station at Main Gate)
Health Center #3396
Notify the following:l. Location of accident (XXX Building, Room XXX)
2. Details of accident, degree of injury, number of injured persons
Designate attendant/Designate who should wait and who should serve as contact person

Contact information
Contact information

TEL（on campus）

TEL（off campus）

Department office3

4

Designate hospital(hospital to be decided upon consultation with emergency personnel）
Keio University Hospital
03-3353-1211
Tokyo Women’s Medical University Hospital
03-3353-8111
Surugadai Nihon University Hospital (Surugadai) 03-3293-1711
Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital
03-5343-5611
Japan Community Healthcare Organization Tokyo Shinjuku Medical
Center (former Tokyo Kosei Nenkin Hospital)
03-3269-8111
Tokyo Teishin Hospital
03-5214-7111
After arrival at hospital, the attendant calls the family and the contact person

5Post-accident report

Student Center #3523

In case of an accident with relatively mild injury(injured but able to walk, e.g., small cuts, minor burns)
・Kei-Ai Clinic (Internal Medicine) (Yotsuya 1-chome 20-23 Kei-Ai-Bldg. 3F) 03-5269-2111
・Midori-no-Mori Dermatology Clinic (Yotsuya 1-chome 2-4 03-3352-4100
Non-office hours: Call emergency room of hospital listed above to receive instructions.
This sheet is located at Cybozu of Faculty of Science and Technology. Provide contact information inaccordance with the actual situation of each laboratory and post it at the laboratory entrance, etc.

iPreface
Education and research at the Faculty of Science and Technology encompasses a wide
range of experiments and observations, which probably is an obvious fact to students pursuingstudies in the Faculty campus. In this regard, we must always keep in mind that there is also a
possibility of an accident in every experiment and observation. Moreover, the faculty and staff
who are entrusted with the well-being of students engaged in education and research at the
University are required to ensure absolute safety to protect both the students and themselvesfrom all types of accidents. It is against this backdrop that the Faculty of Science andTechnology has created a “Safety Manual” as part of efforts to raise safety awareness among
students, the faculty and staff and to promote safety initiatives.
This Safety Manual was prepared on the premise that “accidents occur inevitably in daily
education and research activities,” and has the following contents:
measures to be taken to prevent accidents, andresponses to minimize damage in the unlikely event of an accident.
This time, we have issued a revised version of Safety Manual with the aim of further
strengthening safety measures.
When conducting an experiment, there is nothing more effective in preventing
accidents than complying with predetermined procedures and rules. Regardless of whether you
are a student, a faculty or staff member, we strongly hope that you will read this manual on aregular basis so that your awareness of safety is maintained at all times. Accidents may occur
not only during day-to-day experiments but also in the event of an unexpected natural disaster,such as an earthquake. The Faculty of Science and Technology, which is located in Yotsuya
Campus in the heart of Tokyo, bears full responsibility for the impact of damage caused by
accidents on the surrounding areas as well. We hope that you will make the most of this manual
to prepare yourself so that, in the event of an accident, you will be able to take appropriate
action. The use of electricity and heat sources in the laboratory concerns everyone including
students and the faculty who are engaged in dry lab research. The Faculty of Science andTechnology will make an all-out effort to raise safety awareness by being vigilant in taking
measures to prevent accidents due to electric leakage or electric shock.
Finally, we would like to extend our sincerest gratitude to Chairperson Takeshi
Hashimoto and the members of the Faculty of Science and Technology Safety Committee for
their leadership in promoting safety initiatives at the Faculty, and for their efforts in revising
the Safety Manual.
May 2022
Tomoharu Shibuya
Dean
Faculty of Science and Technology
Graduate School of Science and Technology

Introduction
This Safety Manual is a booklet for students and the faculty of Sophia University
Faculty of Science and Technology, for whom experiments and practical training are key
elements of education and research. We, the members of the Faculty of Science and Technology,
handle a variety of equipment, devices, chemicals, high-pressure gases, and biological samples,and at the time of their use, we must consider the fact that over 12,000 students, the faculty andstaff members are carrying out activities at Sophia University Yotsuya Campus. Therefore, it isimportant that experimenters secure safety not only for themselves but also for others aroundthem and act accordingly, while keeping in mind the maintenance of public safety, protectionof the environment, and compliance with laws. The Faculty of Science and Technology has
been hit by a number of earthquakes, among which the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake was
the largest, and actually experienced troubles such as power outages and water leakage, in
addition to fires and accidents involving injuries. The lessons learned from these experiencesmust be applied as we advance safety measures. On top of that, we must also consider various
law amendments, SDG initiatives, and security measures in light of recent social circumstances.
Taking into account the changing social environments over the years, we need to continue
accumulating the most up-to-date and minimum necessary knowledge of safety and disastermeasures at all times. This Safety Manual will be helpful to this end.
In “Chapter 1: Responses and temporary measures at the time of emergency or disaster,”
we have put together measures against such disasters as a fire and an earthquake. Rules for the
management and disposal of chemicals at the University are summarized in “Chapter 2: Safe
handling of chemicals.” The Faculty of Science and Technology handles extremely large
volumes of organic and inorganic waste liquids; therefore, it is necessary to fully understandthe contents described in this chapter. “Chapter 3: Safe handling of high-pressure gas” explains
how to handle liquid nitrogen and gas cylinders. “Chapter 4: Precautions in use of electricity”
and “Chapter 5: Safe use of tools and machine tools” lay out basic items that mainly concern
the handling of equipment. “Chapter 6: Safety in other experiments” covers the handling oflasers, radiation, and biological samples; however, because this manual does not provide details
regarding their safety control, it is advised that these topics be thoroughly addressed separately
in safety courses or by referring to product handling manuals, etc. Finally, references andwebsites related to this manual are provided in “Chapter 7: List of safety-related materials.”
It is important to visualize calmly and seriously what kind of accidents are likely tooccur in day-to-day experiments, other than an earthquake or a fire. We need to conduct
repeated simulations of how we would deal with such accidents, or what we would do to escapefrom them. It is our hope that you make good use of this manual to pay utmost attention to how
you can conduct experiments in the safest way possible and acquire the habit of thinking how
to act calmly so as not to harm yourself or others around you.
June 2022
Takeshi Hashimoto
Chairperson and Chief of the Safety Manual Editorial Committeeiii

CONTENTS
Introduction .................... iii
1. Responses and temporary measures at the time of emergency
or disaster ......................... 1
1.1

Response at the time of fire

1.1.1

1

Early notificationエラー! ブックマークが定義されて

いません。
1.1.2

Quick fire extinction

1

1.1.3

Emergency evacuation

3

Earthquake respon se

4

1 .2

1.2.1

Immediately after occurrence

4

1.2.2

Measures after earthquake subsides

5

1 .3

Emergen cy respon ses

1.3.1

6

Procedure for emergency responsesエラー! ブックマー

クが定義されていません。
1.3.2

Methods of observationエラー! ブックマークが定義されていません。
1.3.3

Chest compressions and Artificial respiration

7

1.3.5

Emergency measures for injury

11

Safety system and past accidents

13

1.4

2. Safe handling of chemicals 15
16

2.1

Purchase

2 .2

Storage and use 17

2.2.1 Hazardous materials
2.2.2

Deleterious and poisonous substances (non-medical

poisonous substances, non-medical deleterious substances)
2.2.3

17

19

Substances subject to the Pollutant Release and Transfer

Register (PRTR) system and those included in the Tokyo Metropolitan
Government’s Proper Management of Chemical Substances
2.2.4 Organic solvents and specified chemical substances

21
23

2.2.5 Narcotics, plants containing narcotic drug materials,
psychotropic drug materials.

25

2.3

26

Disposal

2.3.1 4 main rules regarding laboratory waste disposal

psychotropics, and narcotic and

26
26

2.3.2

When experimental waste is generated

27

2.3.3

Disposal

28

2.3.4

Sewage discharge standards

33

3. Safety handling of high-pressure gas ..................................... 35
3.1

Liquid nitrog en tank

35

3.2.1

You can tell the type of gas by the color of the container!

3.2.2

The weak point of the cylinder is its cap

3.3

Pressure regu lato r

37

37
38

3.3.1

It should not be shared among different gases!

38

3.3.2

Make no mistakes! Valve①

38

4. Precautions in use of electricity． .......................................... 39
39

4.1

Distribution board

4.2

Preventing electrical leakage/shock accidents and electrical overheating

4.3

Wiring to electric devices

40

43

5. Safe use of tools and machine tool ......................................... 44
5.1

Precautions for clothes and wo rk

5.2

44

Precautions for machine toolsエラー! ブックマークが定義されていません。

6. Safety in other experiments .................................................... 50
6.1

Safety concerning laser beams

50

6.2

Use of radio isotopes and radiatio n

50

6 .3

Safe handling and knowledge o f living organ isms

6.3.1

Danger due to living organisms

51

6.3.2

Concept of safety measures

51

6.3.3

Genetic modification experiments and Animal experiments

51

52

7. List of safety-related materials ............................................... 55v

1. Responses and temporary measures at
the time of emergency or disaster
1.1 Response at the time of fireIf you notice a fire, shout

1.1.1 Early report“Fire!” in a loud voice to notify

Report immediately when you detect a fire!

the people around you. Delay in
informing may result in failure■ Report by a fire alarm system
Use a nearby fire alarm system to report a fire.
Push through the plastic cover and press the start button firmly.

to escape for some people.

Pushing the start button will trigger a fire alarm.
At the same time, the University’s Disaster
Prevention Center will be able to recognize whereon campus the fire has occurred.

Fire alarm rings

Start button
・Fire alarm rings

Transmitter

Emergency phone

Tel︓3238－3119
Call 119
Disaster prevention
Evacuation ordercenterbroadcasting

ReceiverTokyo Fire Department
Kojimachi Fire Station
will go into action
Telephone

Tel︓3238－3000
Guard station■ Report by phone
You can make a call directly to the Disaster Prevention Center by simply picking up the receiverof the emergency fire alarm phone, or call 03-3238-3119 (Disaster Prevention Center) or 03-32383000 (Guard Station) and calmly notify the following:
Location: Building/Floor/Room number
Conditions: Burned property, whether there are victims or not1

1.1.2

Quick fire extinction■ How to use a fire extinguisher① Pull out safety pin.

②Direct hose to the base of the fire.

③Tightly hold the lever.

Extinguish the fire with your back against the emergency exit, and evacuate
as soon as you sense danger!

■The university has the following two types of fire extinguishers installed
Type of fire extinguisher

Suitable foruse(1) Powder fire extinguisher Ordinary fire
(General fire extinguisher Oil fire
installed in the hallway, etc.) Electric fire(2) Carbon
dioxidefire
extinguisher (installed in the Oil firelaboratory and PC room, Electric fireetc.)

Releasedistance
5m

3m

Releasetime

Note

15 secOnce it starts releasing
extinguishing agent, it does notstop until all extinguishing agent
is used up.

30 secAs it extinguishes fire bysmothering with CO2, it does notdamage laboratory equipment.
However, it should never be
aimed at people.

■ How to use a fire hydrant(1) Pull out the nozzle.
(2) Open the valve.
(3) Grab the end of the hose, approach the sourceof fire, and turn the nozzle to release water.
This operation is basically carried out by two
persons, although it can be done by one person.
 Water will not come out unless the nozzle
at the end of the hose is turned.
 Do not use a fire hydrant if there arewater-reactive chemicals around the area.

1.1.3 Emergency evacuation
Timingfor■ Emergency Evacuation Procedures

evacuation is○ Evacuate immediately when the ceiling catches fire. Do notworry about your clothes or belongings and evacuate as quickly
as possible.
○ When evacuating, close the entrance/exit door. This will shut off
air and reduce spread of flames.
○ Follow instructions of emergency broadcast, etc., and act calmly.
Do not be misled by false rumors. As you exit, stay as low to theground as possible if there is smoke.
○ Cover your mouth with a wet towel or a handkerchief to prevent
smoke inhalation.
○ Smoke obscures one’s field of vision and creates a situation
similar to being in complete darkness. To prevent panic, it isadvised to check evacuation routes regularly.
○ Fire prevention doors may close to prevent the spread of fire.
However, these doors can be opened by pushing or pulling.
○ Never use elevators. If you are in an elevator, stop and get off
quickly at the nearest floor.
○ People with disabilities and elderly individuals tend to be slow
in escaping; let them evacuate first.

when the fire
spreads to theceiling.

When evacuatingfrom smoke-filledareas, lower yourposture as muchas possible, andcover your mouthand nose with a
wet

towel

or

handkerchief.

Smoke contains toxic gases such as carbon monoxide.
The fear in fires is death by asphyxiation from thissmoke. More often than not, people die from smoke
inhalation and unconsciousness rather than being
burned to death.
Heated air quickly fills a room. The air rises at a rateof 3 to 5 meters per second and spreads sideways at a
rate of 0.5 meters per second.

■ Everyday measures○ You should know where evacuation tools (e.g., rescue kit) are located and how to use them.
However, evacuation tools should only be used as an exceptional measure.
○ Try to avoid placing any object that might become an obstacle at the time of evacuation in
the hallway or by the emergency exits.
○ Check regularly emergency exits in two directions or more in the building that you go intoand out of.

3

1.2 Earthquake response
1.2.1 Immediately after occurrenceFirst, secure your personal safety. A major earthquake lasts about 1 minute, no matter how large
it is.
If you are in a classroom① People near the door should open the door to secure the exit.
② Pull curtains across the windows to prevent scattering of broken window glass.
③ Cover your head with your clothes or personal
belongings to protect yourself from falling
objects.
④ Move away from the window, crawl under adesk, and hold the legs of the desk tostabilize your posture.

In particular, if you are in the experiment room or laboratory① Stop working and turn off electrical equipment and devices immediately. If the shock of theearthquake is significant and these tasks are impossible to perform, ensure your own safety
first.
② If the fire was caused by mixing andcontamination of chemicals, etc., please
perform the initial fire extinguishing activity
using a nearby fire extinguisher after theearthquake subsides.

1.2.2

Measures after earthquake subsides■ Evacuation
Please evacuate in an orderly manner by following the instructions of your teacher or theguidance of the evacuation broadcast. Please be careful, as it is highly likely a large earthquakeis accompanied by aftershocks.
① Do not rush to the exit when you evacuate from theclassroom, but evacuate in an orderly manner.
② Assist people with disabilities and the injured in evacuating.
③ Make sure to use the stairs for evacuation. The elevator
should not be used because it is very dangerous.
When outside the building, pay attention to falling objects.
There are times when it is better to not go outside in a hurry.
④ Cover your head with your clothes or belongings to protect
yourself from falling objects.
⑤ Be careful of falling objects, such as window glass, exterior walls, and billboards.
⑥ Pay careful attention to your step, as there may be cracks or cave-ins on the ground.
■ About evacuation sites
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has designated the entire Chiyoda Ward as a
“Remaining Area within the District,” which requires no evacuation, and cancelled its originalsafety evacuation areas. As the entire ward is a designated Remaining Area within the District,there is no safety evacuation area or temporary gathering place in Chiyoda Ward.
Residents of and those working in Chiyoda Ward, at the time of earthquake, should stayinside their own residences or office buildings rather than immediately start evacuating, grasp
the disaster situation, and evacuate to a nearby school or ward facility if there is a sense of
danger. You may also notice local residents coming to the campus seeking refuge. Let’s takeappropriate actions as a member of the community.
■ Routine preparation
Please note the following points in order to prepare for a major earthquake① Check the evacuation route in case of an emergency② In preparation for a fire, check the locations of fire extinguishers and fire hydrants, andhow to use them.
③ Keep chemicals tidy and in order, and manage them correctly.
④ Lockers and cupboards should be fixed. Do not place anything on top of lockers and shelves.
⑤ Learn how to give first-aid.
⑥ Find an opportunity to actively participate in disaster prevention training and first-aid
training.
5

1.3 Emergency responses
We never know when or where a sudden accident or illness might strike, putting one’s life indanger. In such times, those who happen to be around must cooperate with each other to save aperson’s life.

1.3.1 Procedure for emergency medical care
■ Emergency medical care (on campus)
Provide emergency medical care according to the procedure shown below.
Note As a measure against infectious diseases, in some cases, it may be desirable to skip
artificial resuscitation.
BLS Algorithm for general public use
Confirm safety

Yes

Ask how he/she
is feeling

Any response?

No/Difficult to make a judgement
Call out loud for backup
Call 119, request for AED Make a 119 call from the Wellness Center or the Guard Station
Follow instructions of thedispatcher

Is he/she breathing normally?

Yes

While keeping close watch, wait for
backup or the paramedics to arrive

No/Difficult to make a judgement
Start chest compressions immediately*1
Strongly (about 5 cm*1)
For children, about 1/3 of chest thickness
At a fast pace (100–120 times/min)Continuously (minimize interruptions)If you have the training and resolve to perform artificial resuscitation
Combination of 30 chest compressions
and artificial resuscitation given twice
Apply AED
electrode pads

Electrocardiogram analysis
Is it necessary to deliver anelectric shock?

Yes

Electric shock
Immediately after the shock, resume
resuscitation starting with chest compressions *2

NoImmediately resume
resuscitation, starting withchest compressions*2*2

Strong, fast, and continuous chest compressions
Continue until the paramedics take over, or until the injured person
is able to breathe normally or demonstrate purposeful gestures

Cited from “JRC Resuscitation Guidelines (for general public use) 2020 Online version” ©Japan Resuscitation Council p. 57
with partial modifications

■ If you find someone lying on the floor(1) Secure safety of surroundings
Quickly assess whether the place where the person is lying is safe. The room may be filledwith smoke or gas; secure the safety of the lying person according to the situation. If you
deem that safety is not secured, avoid contact with the person and wait for paramedics toarrive. If you are moving the person to a safer place, try to be as gentle as possible whenmoving or setting him/her down, as there may be fractures.
(2) Check consciousness
Tap his/her shoulders and ask (loudly), “Do you understand?”(3) Seek assistanceIf the person is unresponsive or if it is difficult to make a judgement, call for help and ask
someone to come. Stop people nearby and give instructions, such as “please contact the
Wellness Center” or “please go get an AED.”* If the Wellness Center (Ext. 3396) is closed, contact the Guard Station (Ext. 3000).
(4) Check breathing
Quickly check chest and abdominal movements (within 10 seconds). If you do not observenormal breathing or do not feel confident in making a judgment, assume that the person has
suffered a cardiac arrest. If the person is breathing, place him/her in the recovery position(roll him/her onto one side) and secure the airway.
(As a measure against infectious diseases) Cover the nose and mouth of the person with amask, handkerchief, towel, clothes, etc.
(5) Chest compressions
If you do not observe normal breathing or if it is difficult to make a judgement, immediately
perform chest compressions 30 times. If you have undergone training and possess thenecessary skills and resolve, perform artificial resuscitation* twice following chest
compressions.
*Artificial resuscitation should not be performed when there is a risk of COVID-19 infection.
(6) Use of AED
Use AED properly once it arrives.
According to JRC Guidelines 2020 (Japanese version)■ Making an ambulance or fire call
Be sure to call 119 via the Guard Station (Guard Station at the main gate: Ext. 3000) or theDisaster Prevention Center (Ext. 3119).

7

1.3.2

Methods of observation■ How to check if the person is conscious(1) To determine the state of consciousness, first, try calling

the person’s name, etc. by his/her ear.
(2) If the person is able to talk, offer words of comfort.
Ask if there are any symptoms or body parts
that hurt, etc.
■ Check breathing*In light of COVID-19, artificial resuscitation, etc. should not be carried out.
(1) Check if the person is breathing and observe chest and abdominal movements.
(2) It is likely that breathing has stopped if the chest is not moving up and down and if you do
not feel the person’s breath on your cheek. If thisis the case, perform chest compressions 30 times.
(3) If breathing is weak, perform chest compressions
and artificial resuscitation*. If you observe
gasping respiration, the victim is possibly having“agonalbreathing(near-deathgasping)”
immediately after cardiac arrest.
(4) Open the mouth and examine the oral cavity forforeign substances, vomit, or blood. If you see a
foreign substance in the oral cavity, remove it carefully*.
(5) Next, place one of your hands on the person’s forehead and the other on the jaw area, andtilt head backward to lift chin. (head tilt/chin lift)■ How to check the pulse(1) To check the pulse, place your three fingers (index, middle, and fourth fingers) on the
thumb side of the person’s wrist (radial artery).
(2) If you cannot feel any pulse there, check the carotid artery.

1.3.3 Chest compressions and Artificial respiration** In light of COVID-19, artificial resuscitation should not be performed.

■ Chest compressions(1) Position yourself at either the left or right side of the victim’s chest, put the palms of yourhands on top of one another, and place them over the lower half of the sternum.
(2) With both of your elbows straight, thrust downward using your body weight, pressing
directly against the victim’s chest 5 cm down. Without removing your palms, completely
release the force until the chest rises back to the original height. Repeat these motions
strongly and quickly at the rate of 100 to 120 times/minute in the same position.
(3) Repeat the cycle of chest compressions (30 times) and artificial respiration (2 times), andcheck for signs of circulation (breathing, coughing, body movements) within 10 seconds
every 4 cycles.
Continue chest compressions and artificial respiration until (1) breathing and signs ofcirculation (coughs, body movements, etc.) are confirmed, (2) an AED arrives, or (3) aphysician or emergency personnel arrive.

■ Artificial respiration➀ While securing the airway, pinch the nose with the thumb and index finger of your handthat was placed on the person’s forehead.
➁ Next, breathe in about twice as much air as normal. Place your mouth tightly on the person’s
mouth and blow in a big breath lasting about 1 seconds. Check to see that the person’s chest
rises without resistance, and the breath enters without making any sound.
➂ Check to see that breath comes out from the person’s mouth after leaving your mouth. Aftercompleting the first air breathing, when the chest falls back to the original position, performthe second air breathing.
➃ Then, check to see whether the person is breathing on his/her own, if he/she is coughing, orif there is any body movement, even a little. If none of these signs is observed, the person
is judged to have cardiac arrest.
9

1.3.4

How to use an AED■ Defibrillation using an AED (Automated External Defibrillator)
Survival rate is said to decrease by 10% every minute after a cardiopulmonary arrest. Lossof brain function occurs 3-5 minutes following arrest. After a 119 call, it takes a national averageof 8.7 minutes for an ambulance to arrive (Fire and Disaster Management Agency, “The present
emergency and rescue situations, 2010 version,” December 2010), but by that time,survival/discharge rates would have dropped to roughly 20%. Therefore, it is essential to use
an AED as quickly as possible even by 1 minute.
(1) Secure an AED device.
Ask a bystander to get a nearby AED device and perform artificial
respiration and chest compressions until the device arrives.
(There are six locations where AEDs are installed in Sophia
University Yotsuya Campus, as shown in the figure below.)(2) Turn on the AED.
(3) Apply the two AED electrode pads on the victim.
Make sure that the skin area to which the electrode pads are attachedis dry. Attach the electrode pads directly to the victim’s bare chest,
one on the upper right side and the other on the lower left side.
(4) The AED automatically starts analysis.
(5) Use the shock button.
When an electric shock is necessary, the AED will inform you whether a shock is requiredby a voice prompt, “a shock is required.” Check to make sure that no one is touching thevictim and then press the shock button.

<<Map of AED locations on campus>>

4
2

5

1

6

3

8

1.3.5 Emergency measures for injury(Be sure to wear gloves when providing care!)
A
B
C

Hemostasis: Stop any major bleeding immediately. If left untreated, the person may die
from blood loss.
Burns: If the person has burns, cool the affected area with cold water.
Insulation: Cover the body of the person with clothes, a blanket, etc. to keep him/her warm.

■ Cuts, puncture wounds➀ In the case of a cut
Cuts are accompanied by bleeding and may be upsetting to some people. Apply pressure
directly on the site of bleeding with a clean gauze or handkerchief to stop bleeding. If the
cut is deep such that bleeding does not stop easily, it is recommended to go to a hospital to seek
medical attention.
Panic may ensue because of bleeding. The basic procedure is to apply firm pressure to thebleeding site to stop bleeding and then perform disinfection, but if the cut is deep andbleeding does not stop easily, it is better to go to a hospital.
➁ In the case of a large puncture wound
Do not attempt to pull out the material stuck in the wound and go immediately to a hospital. In
cases of puncture with contaminated materials, such as an old nail, it is best to go to a hospitalas there is a risk of developing tetanus. If you pull out the material from the wound, take it withyou to the hospital■ Burns
In case of a burn affecting only a small area of skin, immediately cool the area with runningwater (tap water). Cooling will also reduce the pain (cool for at least 10-20 minutes). Do not
forcibly take the clothes off; quickly cool the affected area over clothing. Alternatively, a cold
towel or ice pack (gel pack) could be used. Then, receive medical treatment in a medical
institution■ Injury due to chemicals
The severity of injury due to chemicals increases with an increase in the time of contact with thehuman body. The possibility of poisoning due to absorption into the body also increases.
Therefore, it is important to remove the chemical as soon as possible➀ Contact with chemicals
If the skin comes in contact with an acid or an alkali, immediately rinse off with a large amountof water (tap water is okay) for more than 15 minutes. Flushing with running water caneffectively remove the chemical; it also cools the area, thereby suppressing inflammation. One
treatment option is to use weakly alkaline solution in the case of acid, or 2-3% acetic acid11

solution or lemon juice in the case of alkali, in order to neutralize, but consult a specialist
afterward.
If a chemical gets into your eyes, serious damage can be caused, especially in the case ofalkaline chemicals and lime (line powder) that penetrate the depth of the eye tissue. In this caseas well, flush your eyes with a large amount of water. Use of physiological saline solution isrecommended, but tap water is sufficient. After sufficiently flushing your eyes with a large
amount of water, immediately seek medical attention from a specialist.

➁ Ingestion of toxic chemicals
If a toxic chemical is ingested by mistake, induce vomiting by sticking a finger into the throat.
If this is possible, immediately transport the victim to a medial institution, as procedures suchas gastric lavage and antidote administration are required. In this case, verify what kind of andhow much chemical the person has ingested.
■ Emergency shower
Building Nos. 3 and 4 have emergency showers installed(picture on the right) separately for males and females in thebathrooms located by the elevator (1st basement floor to 5th floor,
and 6th floor in Building No. 4).

<How to use>
When you pull down the metal chain, 20 L of water is released
from the top (water does not stop until the entire amount isreleased)・ Open the faucet at the bottom, and release water by holding
the head of the green part. You can wash eyes by opening thelid of the green part.

1.4 Safety system and past accidents■ Conducting experiments alone is prohibited
Conducting experiments (research) alone without being able to contact someone nearby may
lead to a grave situation if an accident occurs, or when the experimenter suddenly falls ill. You
must not conduct experiments alone at night (20:00-8:00) or on holidays.
“When an accident or something unexpected occurs while you are conducting experiments
alone, you may not be able to handle it all by yourself. If you get involved in a fire or toxic
substance poisoning when conducting experiments alone, no one will come for help. In theworst scenario, you may end up dying in vain. Generally speaking, when you are conducting
experiments by yourself, you are either in a hurry or overstraining yourself trying to achieve
more than others. Moreover, the risk of an accident increases when you are tired as a result ofpushing yourself too hard. Conducting experiments alone on holidays or until late at night may
seem hardworking and admirable at first glance, but it is never so, rather, the evaluation you
receive is quite the opposite.”(The Chemical Society of Japan, ed. “Safety Guide to Chemistry Experiments, 4th Edition” (Maruzen, 2002) p. 6)■ Notes on conducting experiments at night and on holidays➀ Experiments must be conducted by two or more persons.
There should be at least one faculty member or someone with experience (e.g., graduate
student) present.
➁ Obtain permission from your advisor in advance and receive guidance on safety.
➂ Submit to the Office of Property a notification of night-time and holiday facility use
beforehand.
If the need for an all-night operation suddenly emerges on the day of the experiment,
contact the Office of Property as well as the Guard Station.
➃ Dangerous experiments and experiments never done before should be avoided asmuch as possible.
➄ When an instrument is left to run overnight, post a sign (created by the Safety
Committee, see figure) at the laboratory entrance clearly describing the content of theexperiment, how to respond in case of an emergency, and contact information. Whenleaving the instrument unattended, make sure it is in a stable state.
➅ It is prohibited to keep tap water running (e.g., equipment cooling water) unattended,
given the risk of flooding.

13

■Cases of accidents that occurred at Faculty of Science and Technology in the past.

Type

Cause

Damage, etc.

Water leakage

Cooling device malfunction

Leakage of 2L of water downstairs
No damageChemicalcontamination of theeye(s)

After distillation, glassware broke
and the solvent got into the eye(s)Treated at the Health Center(no safety glasses worn at the timeof accident)

Burns on fingers

Touched a hot crucible

Injury of finger

Cut a finger with a glass tube

Burn

Burn with hydrochloric acid

Unusual odor

Decomposition of
low-heat-resistant plastic productthat was heated inside the drying
ovenHyperventilation

Poor health

Detailed examination in an
emergency hospital revealed noabnormal findings

Unusual odor

Scattering of chemical due to
breakage of reagent bottle

No human casualties

Gas generation

Chemical reaction inside acontainer due to breakage caused
by pressurization of glassware led
to hydrogen chloride gas
generation; two people
complained of throat discomfort

Detailed examination in an
emergency hospital revealed noabnormal findings
Palm

Palm injury

Cut palm with a broken tool

Treated by a dermatologist

Burns on fingers

Touched heated glassware

Treated by a dermatologist

Low-temperatureburn
Chemicalcontamination of theeye(s)

Liquid nitrogen splashed on righthand with glove on
Chloroform got into the eye(s)through the gap of safety glasses
while cleaning instrument

Burns

Oil spilled out of ahigh-temperature oil bath onto thefeet or hands

Treated by a dermatologist (5people in total, one requiring 6
months to heal)

Leakage ofchemicals

Corrosive waste liquid stored in aplastic tank overflowed

Resulted in corrosion of theexterior of the experimental
apparatus downstairs

Treated by a dermatologist
Three stitches to close the woundat the trauma department
Treated by a dermatologist, minor
injuryTreated by a dermatologist
Treated by an ophthalmologist

2. Safe handling of chemicals＝Main rules＝To prevent an accident resulting in injury or death, fire, and misuse (e.g.,crime, terrorism)
Grasp chemical inventory (levels and properties)
Clarify who is responsible and who is in charge of managing chemicals
In recent years, the creation of laws on chemical substances has been promoted out ofconsideration for their effects on the human body as well as the environment. This also meansthat there is a need for thorough management of a series of flows starting fromdevelopment/manufacture to distribution (purchase), storage/use, and disposal. In addition,
there has been a growing movement to include students in the targets of the Industrial Safety
and Health Act as those who engage in experiments.
With regard to handling of chemical substances, please check the MSDS, etc., and enhanceawareness of social responsibility and safety at all times.
For example, methanol (methyl alcohol), a familiar substance, is a chemical that is subject toa number of laws, as follows.
・ PRTR Law (Law Concerning Pollutant Release and Transfer Register)・ Fire Service Act (dangerous substances)
・ Industrial Safety and Health Act (class 2 organic solvents, etc.)
・ Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Act- non-medical deleterious substances
・ Tokyo Metropolitan Environmental Security Ordinance- specified chemical substances subjected to proper management
・ Air Pollution Control Act - hazardous air pollutants
・ Act on Waste Disposal

Methanol 500 mL

・ Sewerage Act“All substances are poisons; there is none which is not a poison. The rightdose differentiates a poison from a remedy.”（From Toxicology）

15

SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) provide such information as the properties of chemical substances, etc.
and the precautions to be taken in handling them. SDSs are used hand in hand with the PRTR
system, and business operators are obliged to provide information regarding such properties aspotential damage to human health (hazardousness), chemical substances that are continuously exist
in the environment, or those expected to continuously exist in the environment in the future (ClassI and II Designated Chemical Substances). When purchasing or using a reagent, each individual isencouraged to make a habit of referring to the SDS, especially the following sections, 2. Hazards
identification, 4. First aid measures, 5. Firefighting measures, 7. Handling and storage, 8. Exposure
controls/personal protection, 10. Stability and reactivity, 11. Toxicological information.

2.1 Purchase■ Reagents➀ OrderIn the laboratory, etc. orders should be placed by a faculty member for the minimum amountrequired from chemical vendors (registered sellers). With regard to hazardous, poisonous, anddeleterious chemicals, the name of the responsible user and the delivery location must be
notified.
➁ Delivery from the vendor

Delivered and stored in the specified location. Immediately fill in the prescribed receipt
record.
■ Others (e.g., radioactive material, high-pressure gas, narcotics)
With regard to substances that only qualified personnel can handle according to relevant laws,
please conform to the university rules and regulations. Qualified personnel in the laboratory,
etc., sends an order to a vendor and receives the ordered substances (rules and regulations canbe found on Cybozu).
■ Reagent management system

Since FY2017, a reagent management system that uses a server and a terminal with a bar
code reader has been in place. Please use this system to register purchased reagents and highpressure gas immediately after delivery.

2.2 Storage and use
This section describes precautions regarding the storage and use of chemical substances thatfall under five categories: 1) dangerous substances, 2) poisonous and deleterious substances, 3)materials under the purview of PRTR Law, 4) organic solvents and specified chemical
substances, and 5) narcotics, plants containing narcotic drug materials, psychotropics, andnarcotic and psychotropic drug materials. In addition, as an earthquake disaster countermeasurefor storing chemical substances, reference information is summarized below.
Reference Storage and use of chemicals
Disaster situation in a chemistry laboratory when a major earthquake occurred directly underneath theKansai region (Great Hanshin Earthquake of 1995)► No bottle cabinets fell down
► Two-tier steel shelving units almost completely fell down.
► The lock of a sliding door still functioned (avoid glass doors)► 50- and 25-g bottles did not fall as easily as 500-g bottles.
► Half-full bottles did not fall as easily as empty or full bottles.
► Empty spaces in the shelf increased damage due to bottles falling.
► Put partitions in. (Depth)/｛√Height (cm)} ≥ 4 was safe.
► An anchor was not effective unless it measured ≥ 8 φ (lead not allowed), and not an L-shaped one but ananchor that allows for some degree of movement was a better choice.
► Many cylinders fell down but did not cause any serious accident. There was no accident at Konan
University (with bands securing top and bottom parts, placed in the designated storage space in the
hallway with iron plates)► Equipment: Equipment on the desk fell down (particularly stacked ones)► Damage to NMR apparatus was significant.

►No accident occurred in the case of stands with casters

for which power plugs were disconnected before going home.
► It was better to keep piping and wiring loosely fixed.
extinguishers and masks were effective.

► Oxygen mask: (Konan University) Fire

► Window glass: Almost all fell.

► Other: There were two outlets for organic laboratories. The exit door opened outward. An explosion-proof
refrigerator was a necessity.

2.2.1 Hazardous materials
Hazardous materials are chemical substances that pose a serious risk of causing andpromoting the spread of a fire as specified by the Fire Service Act, and classified as I – IV.
Proper storage is required, and any serious violation will be made public and be subjected tosuspension of educational and research activities. On-the-spot inspections is carried out by
Kojimachi Fire Station once every three years.
■ Regulated substances
Refer to SDS at the time of purchase. Designated items are listed in the Appendix of the Fire.

17

It is recommended to refer to the CRIS system for the determination of hazardous materials.
■ Notes on storage➀ Storage quantity
Under the Fire Service Act and the Fire Prevention Ordinance of Tokyo, depending on thefire risk level of a substance, the quantity of the substance allowed for storage in each firecompartment is regulated (less than 0.2 times the designated quantity). In particular, as theuniversity’s Department of Materials and Life Sciences handles large volumes of hazardous
materials, each laboratory is assigned a quantity within the allowable limit. It is desirable
that each laboratory displays the assigned storage volume allowance (*according to themethod of each department).
Bldg. 8Fire zones: Areas separated by fire doors
or other means to prevent the spread of
combustion in the event of a building fire.
In the case of the Building of our Faculty,
there are four zones separated by boldlines in the diagram above).

Bldg. 9Bldg. 4Bldg.3(Central)Bldg. 3 (west)② Storage location
Small-quantity hazardous material storage
Hazardous materials exceeding the limit for storage in each laboratory can be stored in thefollowing seven small-quantity hazardous material storage location.
(A) Room 4-493B(E) Room 3-433B(B) Room 3-533A(F) Room 3-020B(C) Room 9-559B(D) Room 9-459B(G) Room 4-071B （as of April, 1, 2022）

Indoor hazardous material storage place (9.4 times the designated amount) is located outside
the building between Building nos.4 and 10 (see photos below).

■Items and quantities of substances made known to and approved by Tokyo Fire Department
are shown in the table. （As of April, 1, 2021）
Hazardous Materials Category IV
Special inflammablematerials

Class I petroleums(water-insoluble)

Class I petroleums(water-soluble)

Alcohols

Class IV
petroleums

200 L

500 L

300 L

800 L

600 L

Photos shown above are the exterior and inside of the indoor hazardous material storage

③ Notes on use of storage place
With regard to the above-mentioned storage place, the Fire Department should be notified of
the storage content and quantity, and nothing other than those notified can be stored. Pleasestore the hazardous materials in the designated area of the storage place and fill in the date andyield, etc. in the storage record (deleterious materials should be described in the other storage
record as well). Along with this, each departmental safety committee adjusts and determines
the quota of each laboratory. The same applies to the use of 3-533A or 4-493A, which is atemporary storage place for waste liquid.
④ General notes on storagel. Do not handle hazardous materials without fully understanding the danger and toxicity theypose.
2. Store only the minimum amount required. Dispose immediately if no longer needed.
3. Materials with a risk of combustion due to mixing should not be stored in the same place.
Mixed loading is prohibited.
4. Always keep measures in the event of an earthquake in mind, such as fall prevention of achemical storage cabinet.
5. When hazardous materials are missing, immediately notify your advisor, etc.
6. The waste (effluent) of a hazardous material is also a hazardous material. Pay attention to thedesignated quantity.

2.2.2 Deleterious and poisonous substances (non‐medical
poisonous substances, non‐medical deleterious substances)
The use and control of these substances are strictly regulated by the Poisonous andDeleterious Substances Control Act, and in this university, “Sophia University Non-medical
Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Hazard Prevention Control Regulations” have been set
forth. On-site inspections of storage management status, etc. are carried out by Chiyoda Public
Health Center (Chiyoda Ward).
A total of 532 substances are regulated by the above law and related ordinances (19 specified
poisonous substances, 124 poisonous substances, and 389 deleterious substances). As item
names may be ambiguous (e.g., nitrates) or there may be some changes, make sure to check
SDSs and manufacturers’ websites at the time of use. Refer to the websites of the Ministry of
Health, Labour and Welfare, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, pharmaceutical science
universities, reagent manufacturers, etc. Specified substances that fall under this category
include the following:➀ Specified poisonous substances
Among the poisonous substances, specified poisonous substances are those withparticularly high toxicity (parathion, monofluoroacetic acid, etc.). As regards possession
and use, only individuals who have received permission from the Governor of Tokyo canhandle these substances.
②
Poisonous Substances19yellow phosphorus, inorganic cyanide compounds (e.g., potassium cyanide), mercury, arsenic,

xylene, cresol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, oxalic acid, bromine, nitricacid, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, toluene, arbon

医薬用外劇物

aniline, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide,

医薬用外毒物

hydrogen fluoride, etc.
③ Deleterious Substances

dioxide, phenol formaldehyde, chromic anhydride, methanol, iodine,sulfuric acid, organic cyanide compounds (e.g., acetonitrile), etc.

■ Storage method
Management should be performed in accordance with university regulations for preventing
theft, loss, spills, and leaks.
(1) Storage cabinet
1. Use a designated storage cabinet that is robust and has a lock, and is clearly
distinguishable from others.
2. Lock the storage cabinet. In addition, take measures to prevent the storage cabinet fromfalling.
3. Poisonous and deleterious substances are not to be stored on the same shelf. In addition,
chemical substances other than those subject to regulations should be separated.
4. Glass doors are unsuitable as there is a risk of damage and theft.
5. The inside of the storage cabinet should be carefully divided into sections, keeping in
mind that contact between chemical substances could cause ignition, etc. in the eventof an earthquake.
6. It is mandatory to label the storage locations as “Non-medical poisonous substances”
and “Non-medical deleterious substances.” Put labels on the reagent shelves.
7. The Faculty of Science and Technology Safety Committee should always have labels
in stock. (Replace unclear stickers whenever necessary.)(2) Usage record
Prepare “non-medical poisonous/deleterious substance control records” for each chemical
substance to keep tabs on the amount received, the amount used, and the amount remaining
at all times, and to make sure that no chemical substances have been stolen or lost.
(3) Management record
The person in charge of the laboratory, etc. shall record inspection conditions of the storage
cabinet and chemical substances at least twice a year, according to the “poisonous anddeleterious substance storage condition check list.” (Appendix, Form 2).
The person in charge shall promptly report to the Faculty of Science and Technology Safety
Committee when poisonous/deleterious substances are stolen, lost, or found.
Reference

On strengthening control of chemical substances that can be usedas raw materials for explosives

Since the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games were held, the police have been enhancing measuresagainst the theft of 11 chemical substances that may be used as raw materials for explosives(potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen
peroxide, ammonium nitrate, urea, acetone, hexamine, and potassium nitrate) in an effort
to take all possible steps to prevent illegal acts, such as terrorism. In the University,laboratories that handle these items are required to adopt the following measures:(1) Periodically check quantities and ensure responsible management by keeping arecord, etc.
(2) Store chemical substances in a cabinet with a locking system, etc. and make surethe cabinet is locked.

2.2.3
Substances subject to the Pollutant Release and Transfer
Register (PRTR) system and those included in the Tokyo Metropolitan
Government’s Proper Management of Chemical Substances
The PRTR system requires businesses to keep tab on and report the amount of hazardous
chemical substance released and transferred to the environment (atmosphere, water, soil), andto make this information available to the public.
Among Class I Specified Chemical Substances (462 substances) set forth in the “Act on
Confirmation, etc. of Release Amounts of Specific Chemical Substances in the Environment
and Promotion of Improvements to the Management Thereof” (2001-), 15 types of specificClass I Specified Chemical Substances have been found to show carcinogenicity, germ-cellmutagenicity, and toxicity to human reproduction and development. Business establishmentsthat use any (even one) of these chemical substances in an amount of 1 ton or more annually(except for benzene, formaldehyde, chloroethylene, etc., for which the limit is set at 0.5 ton)are required to keep tabs on the amount released, and to notify accordingly.
In a separate move, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government has stipulated the “Improve the Urban
Environment and Protect the Health of Citizens” Ordinance, and accordingly, the obligation toreport arises when the annual usage amount of 58 chemical substances requiring proper
management is 100 kg or more. This university generates (in waste) a total of approximately 810 t of chemical substances a year, and reports the amount accordingly.
■ Refer to: Chemical Risk Assessment Office, Chemical Management Policy Division, Manufacturing
Industries Bureau, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/chemical_management/law/prtr/index.html
 Environmental Health and Safety Division, Environmental Health Department, Ministry of theEnvironment
http://www.env.go.jp/chemi/prtr/risk0.html
 Toxic Chemical Substance Countermeasures Section, Environmental Improvement Division,
Bureau of Environment, Tokyo Metropolitan Government
http://www.kankyo.metro.tokyo.jp/chemical/control/index.html

21

The PRTR Law and metropolitan
ordinances require that chemical
substances that are considered acause of environmental pollutionbeactively
replacedwithalternative substances.

(http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/chemical_management/law/prtr/index.html)■ Obligation to File a Report
In each laboratory, if more than 0.5 kg of designated substances was handled annually, aninvestigation form (prescribed form) must be submitted to the Safety Committee by the due date(by mid-May, separately notified). This is managed by the Faculty of Science and Technology
Safety Committee.
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and the Ministry of the Environment(for PRTR), and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
and the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau of Environment (Chemical
substances requiring proper management) require that the usage results, etc.,from the previous year be reported.

■Results reported for FY2021（2021.4.1〜2022.3.31）

Unit︓kg／yaar
Released
amount(into theatmosphere)

Transferred(discharged)
amount(into sewers)

Tra ns ferre da mount(wa s te )Inve s ti ga te ds ubs ta nce

Name of substance

Annua lha ndl i ng
a mount

Tokyo Me tropol i ta n
Ordi na nce

Acetone

948

29

7

911

Tokyo Me tropol i ta n
Ordi na nce & PRTR

Chloroform

512

3

0

509

Tokyo Me tropol i ta n
Ordi na nce

Methanol

1346

11

3

1332

Tokyo Me tropol i ta n
Ordi na nce & PRTR

Dichloromethane

532

14

0

518

Tokyo Me tropol i ta n
Ordi na nce

Hexane

1055

4

0

113

"Tokyo Me tropol i ta n
Ordi na nce "Ethyl acetate

683

2

1

681

PRTR

Acetonitrile

111

4

0

109

※Some annual handling totals do not equal the sum of emissions + transfer.

2.2.4 Organic solvents and specified chemical substances
Although the Labor Standards Act has been in effect since 1947, the Industrial Safety and
Health Act was established in 1972 to improve the working environment of laborers in responseto the large number of accidents originating from chemical substances and pollutions during
the period of rapid economic growth. Under this Act, various related laws, government
ordinances, and ministerial ordinances were subsequently enacted. Whereas faculty members
are workers employed by the university, students are not. Still, considering the conditions ofuse of chemical substances in research, it is common to treat students as workers and to takemeasures to protect their health. It is also the duty of faculty members to supervise and instruct
students on the use of chemical substances.
Ministerial ordinances set forth by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare include theOrdinance on Prevention of Organic Solvent Poisoning and the Ordinance on Prevention ofHazards Due to Specified Chemical Substances, which stipulate the handling of chemical
substances related to the Industrial Safety and Health Act. Management methods associatedwith the use of organic solvents (44 types) and specified chemical substances (72 types) aredescribed in the respective ministerial ordinances. Due to the frequent reports of bile duct
cancer in the printing industry, a comprehensive review process was undertaken from 2013 to2016, and this has led to the transfer of 13 chemical substances, including chloroform anddichloromethane, from the Class 1 Organic Solvents category to the Specified Chemical
Substances category. When chemical substances that are subject to these preventive regulations
are used, the users (i.e., business owners) are required to ensure management of the working
environment, management of operations, and management of health.
In our university, we conduct working environment measurements and special medical
examinations twice a year for laboratories and workers (faculty members and students), whereand by whom organic solvents or specified chemical substances are used on a regular basis. We
are also required to implement risk assessment of SDS substances.
■ Regulated substances(1) Prohibited substances
Although these substances are not specified by the Ordinance on Prevention of Hazards
Due to Specified Chemical Substances, eight substances, including sulfur match, rubber
cement containing benzene, asbestos, β-naphthylamine, and benzidine and its salts, havebeen designated as prohibited substances under the Industrial Safety and Health Act. The
manufacture, import, transfer, use, and provision of these substances are prohibited.
(2) Specified chemical substances
As of April 2022, 74 chemical substances are subject to regulations and classified as follows:
・Class 1 chemical substances (7 kinds): Dichlorobenzidine and its salts, α-naphthylamine,
Be (beryllium) and its compounds, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), benzotrichloride, etc.
All but PCB are carcinogenic substances.
・Class 2 chemical substances (59 kinds), which are further divided into four categories.
23

1) Class 2 specified substances: Acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, chlorine, propylene oxide,hydrogen cyanide, methyl bromide, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, etc. (26 kinds). Weld fume
was added in 2021.
2) Special organic solvents, etc.: Ethylbenzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,4dioxane, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene,
etc. (12 kinds). These chemical substances were transferred from the organic solvent
category in 2015 and are now subject to mandatory record keeping of information
including records of use and health check-up results for 30 years.
3) Auramine, etc.: Auramine and magenta (2 kinds)
4) Class 2 controlled substances: Substances not classified into the above three
categories (18 kinds). These include 13 metal compounds, such as alkyl mercury
compounds, indium compounds, cadmium compounds, chromic acid/dichromates,
vanadium pentoxide, cobalt and its inorganic compounds, potassium/sodium cyanide,mercury and its compounds, nickel compounds, arsenic and its salts, and manganeseand its compounds. Four organic compounds are also included, such as coal tar and ophthalodinitrile. Refractory ceramic fiber (RCF), which is an alternative to asbestos,and substances containing RCF was added to this category in 2016; antimony trioxide
was added in 2017.
・Class 3 substances (8 kinds): Ammonia, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, nitric acid,sulfur dioxide, phenol, phosgene, and sulfuric acid. Together with Class 2 specified
substances, facility and control standards are set in order to prevent massive leakage
accidents from specified chemical facilities.
(3) Organic solvents: These are classified into Class 1 - 3 categories.
・Class 1 organic solvents: 92 kinds, including 1,2-dichloroethylene and carbon disulfide
・Class 2 organic solvents: 35 kinds, including acetone, methanol, xylene, n-hexane, ethyl
acetate, 2-propanol, and tetrahydrofuran (THF)
・Class 3 organic solvents: 7 kinds, including gasoline, petroleum ether, and turpentine oil
Refer to the following website for a list of specified chemical substances and organic solventsand their control concentrations
http://www.epc.osaka-u.ac.jp/pdf/sagyoukannkyou.pdf■ Management methods(1) Usage record: Be sure to record the amount used and the time of use by each user (and foreach chemical), and keep these records for a fixed period of time (3 to 30 years).
(2) Ventilating installation: Install draft or push-pull type ventilators, etc. to keep
concentrations below the control concentrations specified for each chemical substance inthe working space, and work with the ventilators on. Protective equipment, such as a gasmask, may be used as needed, but improvement of the working environment by ventilation
should be prioritized (rubber gloves and activated carbon masks are almost of no value
against special organic solvents, etc.).

(3) Working environment measurement In laboratories, etc. where regulated substances areused consistently, working environment measurements by external contractors are carriedout twice a year (around May and November in this faculty).
(4) Special medical examination Special medical examinations are conducted twice a year for
workers (faculty members and students), etc. according to the chemical substances used.

2.2.5 Narcotics, plants containing narcotic drug materials,
psychotropics, and narcotic and psychotropic drug materials
Narcotics, plants containing narcotic drug materials, psychotropics, and narcotic andpsychotropic drug materials are subject to regulation and control as described below.
Accordingly, these compounds should be handled carefully with the following points in mind.
(1) Register as the Operator of a Facility Conducting Experiments or Research Involving
Psychotropics. The Faculty of Science and Technology and the Department of Psychology
have been registered and licensed. However, note that moving the storage location fromone place to another is strictly regulated by law.
(2) Keep the substances in a lockable place within the registered facility mentioned above.
(3) It is prohibited to transfer substances to unauthorized individuals.
(4) When transferring or discarding substances, record the necessary information and keep thisrecord for two years from the date of final entry (depending on the type of substance, thisis desirable and not mandatory).
(5) Notification is required if an accident or loss involving an amount that exceeds the specified
amount is noted.
(6) When importing, exporting, or manufacturing, record the necessary information and keep
this record for two years from the date of final entry.
(7) When importing, exporting, or manufacturing, notify at the time of annual reporting in theend of February.
■ Regulated substances
Refer to the following website for the government ordinance designating narcotics, plants
containing narcotic drug materials, psychotropics, and narcotic and psychotropic drug materials
as well as the list of compounds.
https://elaws.e-gov.go.jp/document?lawid=402CO0000000238

25

2.3 Disposal
Waste generated in the university is largely divided into general waste (ordinary garbage), suchas waste paper and plastic bottles, and industrial waste, such as experimental effluent and bulk waste.
Unlike domestic waste, all university waste is treated as waste from business activities and is subject
to the Waste Management Act and the ordinance of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.
In recent years, “discharger’s responsibility” has gained prominent attention as a way to prevent
illegal dumping. This responsibility should be borne by each of us as a member of the university.

2.3.1 4 main rules regarding laboratory waste disposal(1) Discharger’s responsibility
The president, as well as faculty members and students who use laboratories and researchrooms, should bear responsibility.
(2) Source separation
All of those who actually engage in experiments should fully implement sorting of waste.
(3) Compliance
The university is a specified business and thus has social responsibility.
(4) Reduction effort
We should always keep in mind the reduction of waste.

Discharger’s responsibility

Discard empty disposable
lunch containers in a plastic(non‐combustible) waste bin
Let’s cooperate with sorted collection of waste.

2.3.2

When experimental waste is generated

Separate waste by type, as shown in the figure below. As a general rule, laboratory instrumentswith residual chemicals should never be discarded in the trash installed in the hallway. Similarly,
no waste liquid should be disposed of into the laboratory sink drain.
The disposal of hazardous substances should be entrusted to a waste disposal company, andreleased into the environment after rendering them harmless through conventional incineration. All
faculty members and students should be aware of the fact that the cost of waste disposal is high,and that the environmental load due to this process is never zero.

■ Flow for Waste disposal* Details of items C-G (red font) that require the Request Form areprovided in the following pages.

Start
Is it a chemical substance?
YESNO

A. Containers (empty chemical bottle/plastic container, petri dish, etc.)
Discard them in the regular trash installed in the hallway after completely
removing the content and residual material and rinsing with water. Affix a label(e.g., “Glass”) for glass containers and broken pieces, in order to not endanger
staff. (No request form required)
B. Experimental apparatus and instruments (refrigerator, experimental
shelf and desk, gas cylinder, battery, etc.)
Contact the Office of Property beforehand.
Some of these might be subject to the Home Appliance Recycling Act or Waste
Management Act, so never throw anything away without permission. For
registered fixtures, please complete the procedure required for disposal at thesame department where the fixtures are registered.
Discard waste in the container located at the bulky waste collection site beside
Building No.10. (No request form is required for disposal)
C. PCB‐containing materials (PCB waste oil, voltage inverter, transformer)
D. Infectious waste（needles, syringes）

E. Reagents

Processed by an external contractor at the expense of each laboratory.
The manifest is managed by the Office of Property.

F. Experimental organic waste
liquid and solid
G. Experimental inorganic
waste liquid and solid

Processed by an external contractor. The Office of Property bears
the expense and manages the manifest.
When disposing waste liquid containing substances regulated bylaw, be sure to write down the names of the corresponding
substances in the application form.

27

2.3.3

DisposalC. Disposal of PCB-containing waste(1) Disposal date
According to the PCB Special Measures Act (Act on Special Measures concerning
Promotion of Proper Treatment of PCB Wastes), etc., business operators shall disposeof the waste by March 2027.
(2) Management
According to the PCB Special Measures Act, management and disposal shall becollectively performed by the university. As notification of the contents and conditionsof storage is mandatory, it is required that the Office of Property be contacted
immediately when it is discarded as waste. Each laboratory shall be responsible for thecost of transportation to the storage place designated by the university.
(3) Procedures
When disposing transformers and capacitors, a written waste disposal request shall be
submitted to the Office of Property after inquiring with the manufacturer whether PCB
is contained or not (there is no prescribed form). *The same goes with PCB-containing
waste oil. Clearly describe the origin and components of the waste oil.
D．Infectious waste (needles, syringes)① Disposal date
Collected by the university once at the end of the year (scheduled for early March). Eachlaboratory is in charge of storing the waste until the collection date.
② Procedure
The Office of Property will send a separate notification regarding the method of disposal.
Please follow the instructions.
Disposed of by an external contractor as special management industrial waste.
The Office of Property bears the expense and manages the manifest.

E.

Disposal of reagents① Disposal date
Discard immediately when no longer needed.
② Procedure
Each laboratory bears the expense of disposal. As the manifest is managed by the university
as industrial waste (or special management industrial waste), disposal should be entrusted
to the external contractor designated by the university (inquire with the Office of Property).
Submit the disposal request form (prescribed form) to the Office of Property (attach a copyof the estimate sheet), receive an estimate from the designated vendor, and discard thereagents. Manifest slips, etc., are digitized, but if any documents are received, they should
be forwarded to the Office of Property.
Note that the processing cost of unknown chemicals can be high.

F．Experimental organic liquid waste
Flow for organic liquid waste disposal

Flow of request form

LAB・ Store in a separate container with a lid.
・ Strictly
observethe3classifications(combustible, halogen-containing, and waste oil).
The waste discharger is responsible for recording
the disposal date/time and the name and quantityof the substance.
・ In consideration of safety during storage andtransportation, do not fill up the container to morethan 90% of its capacity.
・ Regarding hazardous materials, including liquid
随時 designated for
waste, pay attention to the quantity
each laboratory.
・ Move excess amount to Room 9-449A。

・ For each container, fill out the“Experiment and research waste
disposal request form [organic]”
completely.
・ The request form and the entry
method can be found on Cybozu.
・ Have the request form checked by
thepersonresponsibleforapplication and submit it, with thepermission stamp affixed..

Temporary storage site（3-533A/9-449A）


Use designated separate containers (10 L or 20 L
plastic containers).
Write down the container number assigned to theperson who is requesting the disposal and attach acollection label (specified by the Safety
Committee).
Do not exceed the amount allocated to eachresearch group.
On the designated days and time (notified by the Departmental Safety Committee, generally,
Tuesdays and Fridays at 13:40), waste dischargers from each laboratory meet in front ofRoom 3-533A and transport the containers to the indoor hazardous material storage site infront of the machine hall via Room 4-493A (laboratories other than those in Building No.
3489 are to transport the containers on their own). Before transporting, make sure that thelids of the containers are tightly closed, the labels are affixed, and the required items arefilled in, and use a chemical transport trolley to transport the containers.

Indoor hazardous material storage site in front of the machine hall
Transport waste to the storage site according to
the instructions of the Office of Property staff

Hand the request form to the Office ofProperty staff.

Receive approval from the dean of the Faculty of
Science and Technology, and the chairman of theFaculty of Science and Technology Safety Committee.
Receive approval from the Office of Property manager.
Carrying out of campus (external contractor)

The Office of Property provides information to the external contractor on the basis of the request
form, and stores the manifest for 5 years.
*As a rule, waste is transported to a dedicated facility in North Kyushu, where it is processed.

29

■ Note① Safety
During waste handling and transporting, pay particular attention to safety. Organic-solventcompatible rubber gloves are available, so inform the Faculty of Science and Technology
Safety Committee if you need those.
② Environment
Hazardous organic substances should never be disposed of into the laboratory sink drain. This
university is a specified business that handles organic substances, and if sewer water going outof the university does not meet emission standards, the university may receive an order forsuspension of research and educational activities.

■Organic substances subject to water quality inspection in the sewer catch basin on campus
Compound name

Unit

Sewerage
Act

Water Pollution
Control Act

Environmental
Quality Standards

Dichloromethane

mg/L

0.2

0.2

0.02

Benzene

mg/L

0.1

0.1

0.01

※ In the past, we received notices from the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau of
Sewerage for exceeding standard dichloromethane emission levels (1998, 2006, 2011). Also,in recent years, an increasing number of cases have been reported in which 1,4-dioxane was
detected likely due to contamination from inorganic waste liquid.

■ Collection classification label (three types)
Currently, combustible and non-combustible wastes in this university are classified dependingon whether hazardous materials, including halogens and benzene, are released at the time ofincineration. This criterion may be subject to modification in the future due to changes in theuniversity’s environment and culture.

■Organic liquid waste classification
Classification
number, color
（１）

（２）
（３）

Classification

Content of waste

General organic liquid
waste(Flammable liquid waste)
Specified organic liquid
waste(Non-flammable liquid
waste)

Aromatic, aliphatic, and other general organic
solvents (not containing halogens)

Waste oil■Collection labels (general organic liquid waste)
Waste
classification
numberOrganic liquid waste

Content

containing halogens
Machine oil, cutting oil, mineral oil with ≤10%
water content(specified organic liquid waste)

Waste
classification
numberOrganic liquid waste

Department
name

Department
nameContact

Those containing benzene and organic solventsRoom
Responsible person

Contact
Content

Room
Responsible person

G. Experimental inorganic liquid waste
Flow for inorganic liquid waste disposal

Flow of request form

Laboratory
・ Store in designated containers (10 L, 20 L).
・ The waste discharger is responsible forrecording the name and quantity of thesubstance to be disposed.
・ In consideration of safety during storage andtransportation, do not fill up the container pastnine-tenths (the designated line) of its
capacity.
・ Put into designated containers (1) raw
effluent, (2) mercury, hexavalent chromium,and cadmium effluent (up to three washes),and (3) other metals (up to two washes).
・ Separate according to the 12 classifications(refer to the next page), fill in the containerspecific number, and attach the collection
label.

・Fill out the “Experimental and research
waste
disposal
requestform[inorganic/reagents]” completely.
・The request form is posted on Cybozu.
・Have the form checked by the person
responsible for application and submit it bye-mail (to the person in charge of waste
disposal at the Office of Property; cc the
Chairperson of the Faculty of Science andTechnology Safety Committee and theDepartment Chair).
・Use the common ID assigned toexperimental organic liquid waste.
・Submit the request form with the permission
stamp affixed.

(After hearing fromthe Office of Property)
The waste discharger transports thecontainers to the indoor hazardous material
storage site in front of the machine hall on
the designated days and time (generally,
Tuesdays and Fridays at 14:00) and handthem over together with the request form.
Before transporting, make sure that the lidsof the containers are tightly closed, the labels
are affixed, and the required items are filled
in, and use a chemical transport trolley totransport the containers.

Indoor hazardous material storage site in frontof the machine hall
Carry the containers into the storage site under thesupervision of the Office of Property staff.
(E-mail reply)

Approved unless the Department Chair,
the Dean of the Faculty of Science andTechnology or the Chairperson of theFaculty or Science and Technology
Safety Committee raises an objection
within three days of submission

Carrying out of campus (external
The Office of Property provides the external
contractor with information based on the request
form and stores the electronic manifest (for 5
years).
*In principle, waste is transported to a dedicatedfacility in Kitakyushu for processing.

Office of Property(approval and document storage)
For content verification, contact theexternal contractor. Contact the person
responsible for application regarding carryin date and time.

31

■ Note① Safety
For cyanide liquid waste, make sure the details are described in the content column of the label.
Keep waste in the alkaline state in order to prevent generation of cyanide gas.
During handling and transportation, pay particular attention to safety. Organic-solventcompatible rubber gloves are available, so inform the Faculty of Science and Technology
Safety Committee if you need those.
② Environment
Disposed liquid is ultimately discharged into the public sewer. We must minimize
environmental load off-campus. This university constantly monitors the quality of water in theoutlet of the disposal room (9-149) and the sewage inlet right before it is discharged into the
public sewer.

■Inorganic substances that are subject to constant monitoring
Unit

Sewerage
Act

Water Pollution
Control Act

Environmental
Quality Standards

H+ ion concentration

(pH)

5~9

5.8~8.6

6.5~8.5

Copper

mg/L

3

3

Lead

mg/L

0.1

0.1

0.01

Cadmium

mg/L

0.03

0.03

0.003

Total chromium

mg/L

2

2

Total mercury

mg/L

0.005

0.005

0.0005■ Collection classification label (12 types)■Inorganic liquid waste classification
Classification
number, color

Classification

Content of waste

Special note

１

Mercury waste solution

Organic/Inorganic mercury compounds

２

Cyanogen waste solution

Cyanide (complex) compounds

３

Arsenic waste solution

Arsenic compounds

1, 2, and 3
should neverbe mixed.

６

Heavy-metal-containing
waste solution
Heavy-metal-containing
waste solution
Heavy-metal-containing
waste solution

７

Fluorine waste solution

Fluorine compounds

８

Photo processing waste

Developing solution, fixing solution

９

Chrome waste solution

Chromium compounds

10

Waste acid

Acid waste solution

11

Waste alkali

Alkali (earth) metals

４
５

12

EDTA-containing waste
solution

Lead-containing waste solution
Cadmium-containing waste solution
Copper, zinc, and others

All containing EDTA

4, 5, and 6
may bemixed.

2.3.4 Sewage discharge standards
In our university, a specific facility (sink) is installed, and we must comply with the following
sewage discharge standards. When waste liquid containing these substances is to be discarded,
the names of the corresponding substances must be described in the application form.
■ Sewage discharge standards (except dioxins) (within 23 wards of Tokyo)(As of October 21, 2015)

Regulated substance or item

Hazardous
substances

Cadmium
Cyan
Organic phosphorus
Lead
Hexavalent chromium
Arsenic
Total mercury
Alkyl mercury
Polychlorinated biphenyl
Trichlorethylene
Tetrachlorethylene
Dichloromethane
Carbon tetrachloride
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1-Dichloroethylene
Cis-1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1,1-trichloroethane
1,1,2-trichloroethane
1,3-dichloropropene
ThiuramSimazine
Thiobencarb
BenzeneSelenium
Boron and its compounds
Fluorine and its compounds

Environmental
items, etc.

1,4-dioxane
Total chrome
CopperZinc
Phenols
Iron (soluble)
Manganese (soluble)
Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD)
Suspended solid amount (SS)n-Hexaneextracts
Nitrogen

Mineral oil
Animal andvegetable oil

Operator of specified facility under the Water Pollution Prevention
Act
Average wastewater volume of 50
Average wastewater volume of
m3/day or moreless than 50 m3/day
 0.03 mg/L
 0.03 mg/L
 1 mg/L
 1 mg/L
 1 mg/L
 1 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 0.5 mg/L
 0.5 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 0.005 mg/L
 0.005 mg/L
Not to be detected
Not to be detected
 0.003 mg/L
 0.003 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 0.2 mg/L
 0.2 mg/L
 0.02 mg/L
 0.02 mg/L
 0.04 mg/L
 0.04 mg/L
 1 mg/L
 1 mg/L
 0.4 mg/L
 0.4 mg/L
 3 mg/L
 3 mg/L
 0.06 mg/L
 0.06 mg/L
 0.02 mg/L
 0.02 mg/L
 0.06 mg/L
 0.06 mg/L
 0.03 mg/L
 0.03 mg/L
 0.2 mg/L
 0.2 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 0.1 mg/L
 10 mg/L
 10 mg/L
 230 mg/L
 230 mg/L
 8 mg/L
 8 mg/L
 15 mg/L
 15 mg/L
 0.5 mg/L
 0.5 mg/L
 2 mg/L
 2 mg/L
 2 mg/L
 3 mg/L
 3 mg/L
 3 mg/L
 2 mg/L
 2 mg/L
 2 mg/L
 5 mg/L
 5 mg/L―
 10 mg/L
 10 mg/L―
 10 mg/L
 10 mg/L―
 600 mg/L―
( 300 mg/L)
 600 mg/L―
( 300 mg/L)
 5 mg/L―
 30 mg/L―

 120 mg/L―

33

Phosphorus
Hydrogen ion concentration(pH)
Temperature
Iodine consumption

 16 mg/L
5-9( 5.7 -  8.7)
 45 °C( 40 °C) 220 mg/L―
5-9
( 5.7 -  8.7)
 45 °C( 40 °C) 220 mg/L

1 With regard to standards for boron and its compounds and fluorine and its compounds, those shown in the upper rows
correspond to levels set for discarding into “public sewage systems that discharge into rivers and other public waters,” andthose shown in the lower rows correspond to levels set for discarding into “public sewage systems that discharge into sea
areas.” (These standards vary depending on the location of business site.)
2 With regard to standards shown in ■, the total chromium standard for operators of specified facilities with an average
wastewater volume of “less than 50 m3/day” applies to those who have factories set up, or those who set up designated worksites after April 1, 2001; the standards for copper, zinc, phenols, iron, and manganese apply to those who set up factories after
April 2, 1972, or those who set up designated work sites after April 1, 2001. Here, factories refer to those defined in Article 2,
item 7 of the “Ordinance on Environmental Preservation to Secure the Health and Safety of Citizens of the Tokyo
Metropolitan Area” (2000 Tokyo Metropolitan Ordinance No. 215), and work sites refer to those defined in item 8 of thesame article.
3 Values in () related to BOD, SS, pH, and temperature apply to the manufacturing industry or the gas supply industry.

3. Safety handling of high‐pressure gas
3.1 Liquid nitrogen tank
Spare valve
When the regularvalve
nolongercloses, attach a head
and tighten it.
Regular valve
To let liquid nitrogenin/out, open/close
this valve only.
The base of theflexible tube breaks
easily!
Do not bend at asteep angle!

Operate the frozen flexible
tube using dry gloves.

Liquid nitrogen tank（Building 4 south）■ Oxygen deficiency① Room ventilation
Oxygen concentration in normal air is 21%. It starts to feel abnormal when theconcentration drops to 18% or less. Be sure to ventilate when a large amount of liquid
nitrogen is used indoors. Please be careful of accidents caused by lack of oxygen.
② Use of an oxygen detector is recommended.

35

■ Risk avoidance① To prevent frostbite, work with gloves on whenhandling a liquid nitrogen tank (see previous page)② Be sure to stay where you can watch the operation
An unspecified number of people pass by the site. In
order to cope with liquid overflow and otherunexpected situations, please pay attention.
・・・Please stand as close as possible while watching
the operation.
③ A large container should be carried by two people(100 L or more).
There are dangers that cannot be addressed alone, suchas when there is a step, especially when getting on and off the elevator, as the container may
easily fall. It could be harmful for people around you if liquid nitrogen spills, as it could cause
frostbite or suffocation.
④ When the elevator is used
In principle, no passengers other than the persons involved are allowed in.

■ Use of liquid nitrogen(1) Usage fees
Liquid nitrogen is not free! Purchased liquid nitrogen is stored in a tank on the south side of
Building No. 4. Users are charged usage fees, and purchasing fees are proportionally allocated toeach laboratory on the basis of the amount used every month.
(2) Usage record
As the amount used is determined on the basis of self-reported usage by each laboratory, be sure to
fill in the recording sheet accurately (can be found at the entrance near the tank in Building No. 4).
In particular, not entering the name of the laboratory and the amount used (kg) appropriately willlead to inconvenience as it takes time to verify.
(3) Close valve tightly after taking out liquid nitrogen.
Leakage may occur if the valve is closed loosely. The amount of liquid nitrogen lost due to leakage
will also be added to your fees!
(4) Education on operational safety
According to high-pressure gas hazard prevention rules, it is compulsory to implement operationalsafety education once a year. Attendance is mandatory for new users of liquid nitrogen/gas tanks.
Operational safety education is scheduled in the end of April or early May every year.
(5) In the case of abnormality and others
Contact the high-pressure gas safety manager or officer whose name is written on the fence of thetank (also shown on the recording sheet).

3.2 High‐pressure gas container
3.2.1 You can tell the type of gas by the color of the container!
Use of a wrong type of gas could yield catastrophic results. There was a case at a hospital inwhich a patient died because he was connected to nitrogen by mistake, while the intention wasto perform oxygen inhalation. To prevent mistakes, the color of the container and the color of
the letters are decided depending on the type of gas. "Flammable" for the combustible gas,"poison" for the toxic gas is written on the container.
■Container color and letter color of major gas cylinder
Types of gas

Container color Letter color

Oxygen

black

white

Hydrogen

red

white

Nitrogen

gray

white

Helium

gray

white

Argon

gray

white

green

white

brown

white

liquefied carbon
dioxideAcetylene

note
combustible (red)combustible (white)

3.2.2 The weak point of the cylinder is its cap!
Fix the cylinder securely to prevent it from falling in the event of anearthquake, etc. When the cylinder falls with the pressure regulator
attached, breakage of the cap could lead to an accident. Fix it to the wallor a dedicated stand using a belt or chains, and put a cover on the cap. Fix
the cylinder in two positions, i.e., the bottom and middle parts.
■ Storage
The number of tanks in the laboratory should be kept to a minimum.
Make sure to place the cap on the tank when the tank is not in use. In theevent of a fire or an earthquake, thedamage may increase if the tank
explodes.
■ Transport
Be sure to use a cart for cylindertransport.

37

3.3 Pressure regulator
3.3.1 It should not be shared among different gases!
■ The attachment of the pressure regulator to the cylinder① Right screw for most gases② Reverse screw
The mounting port is usually a reverse screw in the case of helium and hydrogen gas, etc.
How to identify: a reverse screw has cuts on the cap nut.
Why a reverse screw?
If all regulators were the same, and if the pressure regulator used for a hydrogen gas cylinder wasused for an oxygen gas cylinder, not only would the gases mix but there also would emerge a riskof fire and explosion. The idea is to prevent making the careless mistake of sharing a pressure
regulator used for combustible gases, such as hydrogen, and that used for combustion-supportinggases, such as oxygen.

■ An example of pressure regulator
Opening and closing handle
It is left attached for thistype.

No cuts

3.3.2

Secondary pressure(outlet pressure)Primary pressure(cylinder pressure)With cuts(reverse screw)

Make no mistakes! Valve①

Valve①
To open, turn it clockwise and push (the pressure on the secondary side increases).
To close, turn it counterclockwise; it is enough to just loosen the valve (if you turn it too
much, it might come off).
■ Mistakes often made by beginners
Turning the valve all the way to the right in an attempt to close it --- opening the source valveof the cylinder without noticing could break the pressure gauge (pressure regulator)!!
■ In order to avoid mistakes
When you open the valve of the cylinder head, make a habit of consciously checking that thevalves (sun) (moon) are closed.
［Other］In case of oxygen, make sure you use the “oil-free processed” kind.

4. Precautions in use of electricity
Electricity is indispensable for today’s modern lifestyle. However, the use of energy poses
several risks, and electrical energy may be as dangerous as other forms of energy. Improper
usage may be hazardous to humans, cause fires, or cause radio interference or inductive
interference to communication equipment and the like.
In order to prevent accidents and ensure safety, it is essential to know the basics of electricity
and properly understand the rules for using electricity. In this chapter, electrical equipment inlaboratories and research rooms is explained first, followed by electrical accidents andprevention. Finally, safety precautions to be observed when actually wiring various electric
devices are discussed to ensure safe use of electricity.

4.1 Distribution board
Electricity supplied to each research room and laboratory is divided into several passages(circuits) and distributed to each device. All of these circuits are contained in a box called a
distribution board (shown in figure below). The distribution board is equipped with an earth
leakage circuit breaker (breaker) and an overcurrent circuit breaker (circuit breaker), which aresafety devices that automatically break an electric circuit when leakage current of an electric
device is detected by any chance, or when excess current (from an overload or short circuit) is
detected, respectively.
The distribution board provides one breaker each for AC 200V circuit and AC 100V circuit.
The AC 200V supplies three-phase AC (U, V, W) and is connected with three wires. Caution
should be exercised when handling rotating machines, such as pumps, because depending on
the wiring order, the rotation might be reversed. The AC 100V supplies single-phase AC and isconnected with two wires. The green wire of the 3-pin power strip is the earth wire, which isconnected to the earth terminal of the distribution board.

Breaker

AC200 V

Earth leakage circuit
breaker

AC100 V
Earth terminal

Distribution board

39

4.2

Preventing electrical leakage/shock accidents
and electrical overheating■ Electrical leakage
Indoor wiring and electric devices are "insulated" to prevent electrical leakage; however,when an insulator gets old, damaged or wet, electricity is leaked, causing a short circuit. You
have to be cautious about electrical leakage as it can lead to electrical shock or fires. In orderto prevent accidents upon electrical leakage, earthing should be done to discharge electricity
to ground. The earth terminal is mounted on the distribution board, and you only need toconnect the terminal and the electric device by wiring.

Important‼
How to prevent electrical leakage
1．By connecting to earth leakage circuit breaker
2．By earthing
3．By inspecting the power supply part from time totime to prevent dust and dirt

■ Electrical shock
When a person comes in contact with a device that leaks electricity, electricity flows throughthe person's body to the ground. This is called electrical shock.
If a human body suffers from electrical shock, i.e., an electrical signal flows from outside
into a human body, the heartbeat is adversely affected. When the electrical shock current orshock duration exceeds a certain value, the heartbeat becomes irregular, causing uncontrolledcontraction of cardiac muscles (ventricular fibrillation). Table 1 shows electrical shock currents
and physiological responses of the human body.

Electrical shock accident

■Electrical shock currents and physiological responses of the human body
Electricalshock current

Response of the human body0 - 0.5 mA

Below level of perception

0.5 - 5 mA

Produces tingling pain in fingers and arms

5 - 30 mA

30 - 50 mA

50 mA
or above

Produces cramps, causing inability to let go of electrical equipment.
The victim may experience breathing difficulty or blood pressure
elevation.
Produces severe cramps. The victim may faint or experience bloodpressure elevation.
Death may ensue if the victim is exposed to electrical shock for a longtime.
The victim suffers from severe shock and is highly likely to die of
cardiac arrest or heavy burns.

The direct cause of electrical shock accident is current rather than voltage; however, when
considering the actual protective means, it may be inconvenient in some cases to address current
only and therefore, safety voltage is prescribed. Safety voltage is determined on the basis ofsafety current for, and resistance of, the human body. Resistance of the human body varies
depending on the wet/dry condition of skin. Table lists contact situations and safety voltages.
In the case of high voltage, an electrical shock may occur without direct contact due toelectric discharge. To ensure safety, you need to be 30 cm or more away for 2.5 kV and 1 m or
more away for 50 kV.

■Contact situations and safety voltages
Contact situation

Safety voltage

Most of the human body is submerged in water.

Up to 2.5 V

The human body is soaking wet.
Part of the human body is in constant contact with a metallic electric
device.

Up to 25 V

Any situations other than the above where risk is high when contact
voltage is applied to normal human body condition.

Up to 50 V

Measures to prevent electrical shock accident are as listed below:

Important‼
Measures to prevent electrical shock accident
1．Avoid touching electrical equipment with wet hands.
2．Connect to earth
3 ． In principle, do not touch charged or energized parts in the hot-line(energized) state. Turn off both switch and breaker, make sure that they are
not energized, and then touch the charged/energized parts.
4．Block high-voltage devices with insulators and clearly delineate hazard areas.

41

■ Electrical overheating
When many electric devices are used at the same time or the contact of an outlet or a switch
is faulty, the wiring cord heats up, causing the cord coating to melt or burn. Exercise caution to
avoid such situations. An electric device is equipped with a fuse that cuts off abnormal current
flow. To prevent an accident, it is essential to use the appropriate fuse for each device. Even
if the connection is normal, the entire device or its specific parts, including cords, might become
abnormally hot due to long-time energization. In addition to the rated voltage and current of thedevice, you should also be aware of the assumed energization time (e.g., continuously, one hour,etc.). It is also necessary to confirm that there is no abnormality in the cooling fan of the device
and that no object is placed near the outside-air intake port.
Wall outlets are found in research rooms and laboratories. Normally, up to 15 A electricalsupply is available from one outlet. Plugging multiple devices at the same time into one outlet
by using a power strip causes overheating of the cords. When the number of electric devices
increases, it is necessary to wire from other circuits to ensure safe use of electricity.
Improper contact between a plug and an outlet may cause unplugging or heating. Make sure
to insert a plug into an outlet properly. In many cases, faulty contact of the cord or a loosened
screw of a plug is a cause of device failure. Do not pull the cord when unplugging, staple thecord to fix, or bundle the cord. Make sure to handle the cord and the plug with care. Dust
accumulated around the outlet may heat up and cause fires. Make sure to wipe clean with adry cloth from time to time.
Refrain from plugging multiple plugs
into one outlet

Accumulated dust may heat up andcause fires

Precautions for electrical wiring

Important‼
How to prevent electrical overheating(1) Use the appropriate fuse.
(2) Refrain from plugging multiple plugs into one outlet.
(3) Connect plugs and outlets properly(4) Handle cords and plugs with care.
(5) Avoid accumulating dust
(6) Avoid bundling cord while it is plugged in.

4.3 Wiring to electric devices
When actually connecting electric devices to distribution boards and outlets, electrical wires
are used. Among them, cords and cables are generally used. When connecting electrical wires
and electric devices, it is important to understand their electric characteristics and tolerable
currents. If current exceeding the allowable current flows, wiring will become overheated; thiswill impair insulation and an accident (fire, electric shock) might occur due to leakage
current/short circuit, etc. Care must be taken when selecting wires.
■ CordA cord is used as a movable electrical wire that is attached to a portable electric machine orappliance, and is not to be fixed to the wall or floor. The rated current of a typically used flat
vinyl cable is 7 A (0.75 mm2 core wire) in general. It is simpler and more flexible than a cabtyre
cable.
■ CableA cable is covered with an insulator even more securely than an insulated electrical wirethat is composed of a conductor covered with a rubber or plastic insulator; in order to protect
the insulator and the conductor from external damage, it is again covered with a protective
sheath (armor). For indoor fixed wiring, a flat vinyl sheathed cable (F-cable) is typically used.
As for the rated current, the tolerable current is 19 A for a vinyl sheath of 1.5 mm thickness, forexample.
■ Cabtyre cable
A cabtyre cable is used as a movable electrical wire that is connected to movable electricalequipment (600 V or less) or a similar machine or appliance. It is robust to abrasion, shock, andbending compared to a cord, and is highly waterproof. The rated current varies by thickness
and is typically around 15 to 25 A (2 ~ 3.5 mm2).
Conductor

Insulated vinyl
SheathConductor

Insulated vinyl

Flat cabtyre code
SheathConductor

Insulated vinyl

Cabtyre cable

Round cabtyre code

Vinyl cord and cabtyre cord

43

5. Safe use of tools and machine tool
Most of the accidents that occur during handling of tools and machine tools are caused byhuman factors, including slight carelessness and untidiness. Make sure to use tools and machine
tools properly by following the safety precautions for handling, while paying adequate attention
to prevent possible accidents.

5.1 Precautions for clothes and work
The machine tools to be used for materials processing include a turning machine, a millingmachine, a drilling machine, and a band saw machine. By using these machine tools, you cancomplete contour processing, end-surface processing, drilling, and threading, for example.
Improper use of the machine tools may result in a serious accident, so you have to be alert. The
safety precautions at work using machine tools are listed below.
■ The general precautions common to all machine tools① Wear appropriate clothes
Basically, the clothes during work should be such that theyprotect you from burn or injury caused by scattered chips.
You should dress in such a way that your clothes or hairwould not be caught in a rotating object or other equipment.
You should avoid loose-fitting clothes, such as a white labcoat, as they can easily get caught; instead, wear well-fitted
work clothes properly. Make sure to wear sports shoes and thelike instead of slippers or sandals to avoid risk of injury by
Be careful of what you wear
chips or materials.
② Avoid wearing gloves when using a machine that performs rotational or high-speed
reciprocating motion.
③ Wear protective glasses and other protective gears as needed.
④ It is dangerous to work when you feel ill or while you are lost in thought.
⑤ Make sure that at least two persons are working nearby in order to respond to an emergency.
⑥ Do not touch switches for no reason at all during operation.
⑦■ The following accidents are anticipated during use of machine toolsa）Getting hit by a rotating part or caught by a driving partb）Getting injured by scattered chipsc）Getting injured by a broken and scattered turning tool, mill, or workpiece
Use all tools and machines properly and adhere to proper usage methods. People often get
unexpected injuries as a result of operating tools/machines from vague memory or due to materials
or tools damaged by inappropriate use. It is desirable to receive guidance from a technician
beforehand, become familiar with the use of tools and machines, and eliminate unclear points.

5.2 Precautions for machine tools
The precautions at work using machine tools are as listed below.
■Turning machine operation
Work item

Rotating speed

Cutting conditions

Feeding rate

Cutting depth

Safety precautions
Calculate the cutting speed using the following equation V = πDN/1000
V: Cutting rate [m/min]、D: Diameter [mm]、N: Number of rotations [min-1] * Material
S45C① The number of rotations should be determined on the basis of processing materialand shape.
② When cutting at high-speed rotation, receive guidance from a technician.
③ When using a high-speed steel turning tool, set the number of rotations so that V
is around 15.
④ When using a carbide turning tool, set the number of rotations so that V is around① When using a high-speed steel turning tool, feeding rate should be around 0.2[rev/min] for roughing cut, or around 0.1 [rev/min] for finishing cut.
② When using a carbide turning tool, feeding rate should also be 0.2 to 0.1[rev/min].
③ When feeding rapidly in automatic feeding, receive guidance from a technician.
① When using a high-speed steel turning tool, cutting depth should be 1.0 to 3.0[mm] in radius for roughing cut, or 0.2 to 0.5 [mm] in radius for finishing cut.
② When using a carbide turning tool, cutting depth should be 0.40 to 3.0 [mm].
③ An exceedingly large cutting depth in automatic feeding increases risk. Receive
guidance from a technician.

General processing
operation

Attachment of turning Align the height of the tip to the center and fix the turning tool firmly with twotoolor three fastening bolts. Make sure to fasten the tool rest as well.
Attachment of materials Set gear to neutral position when attaching or detaching materials. Fasten
materials properly in case of attachment. Make sure to remove the chuck handle
after use.
Contour
Set a long object at the rotating center. Select other turning tools according toprocessing
shape.
End-surface
processing
Drilling

Use an offset turning tool for stepped processing or a straight turning tool forplane processing.

ThreadingThreading requires high skills. Receive guidance from a technician.

Machine operation

Gear change

After using a center drill, make a hole with a drill. Use one drill for brass. For
finishing, use a boring tool.

Do not change the gear during operation. Rotate the chuck manually to meshOperation
switchConfirm if it is in forward or reverse operation, and do not stand in front of the

Feeding

Make sure to check carefully before switching the automatic feeding for vertical andchuck and workpiece.
horizontal feeding.

Brake

Step on the brake while holding onto the tool rest after the switch is turned off, or incase of danger.

SafetyPrecauWork postureStand in such a way that you can operate the handles for horizontal feeding andvertical feeding with your right hand and left hand, respectively. Do not stand in45

front of the chuck and workpiece.

Chipprocessing

Do not touch with bare hands while a machine is rotating or even when it isstopped. Make sure to use a chip removing rod.

Cutting agent

It is not necessary for cast iron, brass, and Bakelite. For others, use the agent asneeded.

Measurement

Do not perform measurement while standing in the rotation direction of thechuck. Make sure to stop rotation before measurement.

■Milling machine operation
Safety precautions

Work item

Calculate the cutting speed using the following equation: V = DN/1000

Cutting conditions

V: Cutting speed [m/min], D: Milling diameter [mm], N: Spindle speed [min-1]
Determine feed per tooth using the following formula: F = fz·Z·N.
F: Feed per minute [mm/min], fz: feed per tooth [mm/tooth],
Z: number of teeth, N: number of revolutions [rpm]Rough processing: 1.5 to 4 mm cutting depth, finish: 0.3 to 0.5 mm cutting depth
As the cutting speed and the feed per tooth differ depending on the difference
between a front mill and an end mill and the difference in materials (steel material,
alloy steel, stainless steel or aluminum alloy), the cutting conditions should bedetermined after carefully checking the specifications in the tool manual.

Attachment/detachme
nt of tools
Attachment
materials

When holding teeth during replacement of face mill or end mill, handle with greatcare to prevent slipping from hands.

of In principle, perform the setup procedure on the machine vice. For other setup
methods, receive guidance from a technician.

Tools for processing

Face mill

Typically used for plane processing (Vertical or horizontal)

End mill

Used in grooving, step milling, and side milling (Vertical or horizontal)

Center drill

Used as a guide of the hole center before a drill is used

Drill

Used for drilling

MachinereamerUsed when accuracy of drilled holes is required

Dial gage

Used for centering or paralleling round materials

Machine operation

Conversionof
main shaft
Change lever position by using the Low/High switch and the rotation speed
table. Do not operate during rotation.
rotation
speed
Activation of
main shaft

Press black button to activate and red button to stop.

Cutting
direction

Cut workpiece upward (Upward cutting).

Feeding

Perform manual feeding or automatic feeding according to tool cutting quality.

Safety precautions
at work

Fast forward

Use only when cutting operation is not performed.

Operation

Make sure that only one person operates the machine when work is performed bymore than one person.

Work posture

Do not stand in the cutter rotation direction; pay extra attention when using ahorizontal milling machine.

Chipprocessing

Keep waste cloth away while cutter is rotating.

Cutting agent

Apply cutting agent on workpiece from the opposite side of the rotation direction
by using a brush.

Chamfering

Make sure to perform chamfering after machining to remove burrs.

■Drilling machine operation
Work item
Cutting conditions

Rotation
speed

Safety precautions
Calculate the number of revolutions using the following equation: N = 1000V/ D.
N: Spindle speed [min-1], V: Cutting speed [m/min], D: Drill diameter [mm], S: Feed [mm/rev]
Steel

D
2〜11
12〜25
26〜50

Attachment/detac
hment of tools

Attachment ofmaterials

Machineoperation

Rotation

V
20〜25
30〜35
25〜30

S
0.1〜0.2
0.25〜0.3
0.4

Cast iron

V
25〜40
20〜30
20

Brass

S
0.1〜0.2
0.35〜0.6
1.0

V
50〜
50〜
50〜

S
0.05〜0.15
0.3〜0.45
0.3〜0.45① Attach 1 to 13 [mm] tool to drill chuck. For tool measuring 14 mm or larger, use
sleeves (#2/#3/#3-#4)② Use an arrow (or a wedge) when detaching the tool.
① When drilling a plate material, make sure to use at least two clamps.
② When vertically drilling on a round material, make sure to use a scroll chuck or a
V-block.
③ When vertically or horizontally drilling on a polygonal material, make sure to use
a vice or a clamp.
Use a V-belt to switch the bench drilling machine; for others, switch by making agear change.

Safety precautions at
work

Table

Make sure to fix table when machining height adjustment/centering is completed

Feeding

In manual feeding, feed intermittently by using a handle. In automatic feeding, makethe setting based on the above conditions.

GlovesDo not wear gloves as there is a high risk of the gloves getting caught.

Preparedhole
prohibited
Cuttingagent

For brass, drill it at once by using a drill of required diameter after using a center drill.
(It is dangerous as the drill may bite into a prepared hole.)
Refrain from using cutting agent for brass, cast iron, Bakelite, and wood.
For other materials, use as necessary.

47

■Bench grinder
Work item

Safety precautions

Make sure that the gap between work
rest and whetstone is 3 [mm] or smaller.
Setting of
If the gap is large, workpiece may getwork restcaught, breaking the whetstone or
causing finger injuries.

Safety precautions at work

Make sure that the gap between
adjusting piece and whetstone is 3 to 10
mm. The adjusting piece is also known
Setting ofas the spark breaker.
adjusting
It is useful to block the red-heatedpiece
grinding powder, as well as to prevent
accidents when the whetstone isdamaged.
Whetst Do not apply unnecessary force on thewhetstone.
one
Use only the predetermined surface foruse. The whetstone cannot withstandUsedsurface force from the lateral direction, so do not
use the side.
Position

Do not stand in front of the machine.

砥⽯（ワークレスト･調整⽚）■Hacksaw machine operation
Work item

Safety precautions

Processing
conditions

Cutting speed

Saw frame speed should be around 18 [mm/min] except for special
materials. It should not be touched generally.

Processing
dimensions

Width 300 [mm], height 300[mm] or below

Attachment
workpieceofReplacement of bandsaw

When tightening material whose width is up to 1/2 of the width of thevise, prepare the material in the same width on the opposite side.
When replacing, receive guidance from a technician.

Operation
Safetyprecautions at

Dimensionadjustment/fixing

Press saw frame lowering button to lower it to about 10 [mm] above thematerial, determine cutting length, and tighten the material firmly.

Cutting

Press activation button.

Position

Do not stand on the side of the machine during processing.

Pressure

When the saw is not sharp enough, avoid applying unnatural pressure.

Cutting agent

Refrain from using cutting agent for brass, cast iron, Bakelite, and wood.

■Vertical band saw machine operation
Work item
Cutting conditions

Cutting speed

Safety precautions
Low 15〜90 mm/min: Steel materials
High 210〜1200 mm/min: Aluminum materials, copper, wood
① Make sure to refer to the work selector before machining.
② Confirm the processing material, torque scale, and thickness of material on thehead on the front face of the machine before making the setting.

Processed plate
thickness

Plate thickness︓ t = 1〜250 mm、MAX 400 mm

Selection of
band
saw

① When processing steel, use a blade with small pitch.
② When processing aluminum material or copper, use a blade with large pitch.

Replacement of band
When replacing, receive guidance from a technician.
saw

Operation① Confirm low-speed and high-speed levers before starting operation.
② Turn on switch, select rotation speed with the selector, and increase rotation
speed to target value by turning the handle clockwise.

After processing is completed, reduce rotation speed to 15 [mm/min] byturning the handle counterclockwise before turning off the switch.
Safety precautions
at work

Material

It is preferable to use a cover plate when pushing materials to keep yourhands away from the band saw.

Feeding

Adjust force for pushing the materials according to the sharpness of theband saw.

Thin plate

Use plywood or the like under the materials.

Circularprocessing

Note that R processing range varies depending on the blade width of theband saw.

Processed
surface

File processed surface to remove burrs, which can be dangerous.

49

6. Safety in other experiments
Many other aspects require safety considerations when conducting experiments/practicaltraining and research. Among them, safety concerning lasers, radioactive isotopes (RIs),
radiation, X-ray, and living organisms is described in this section. The important thing is tofollow the instructions of the laboratory managers and avoid peering in out of mere curiosity or
putting out your hands in a careless manner.

6.1 Safety concerning laser beams
When using high-power laser devices, the safety of the eyes is the most important issue.
Looking directly into the output beam of the laser may lead to serious injury and sometimes toeven blindness.
In the laboratory, fine laser beams are always present at various angles in the vicinity of a laser
device. These beams are generated due to reflection of the main beam by glossy surfaces,such as the lens and the beam splitter. They are not as powerful as the main beam; nevertheless,they still have sufficient intensity to damage the eyes. Therefore, it is necessary to alert those
who are likely to be exposed to laser beams that a laser device is in operation. All workers
must wear safety protective goggles to protect their eyes from laser beams.
As for lasers, safety classification has been developed and criteria have been set for Class 1(safe) through Class 4 (very dangerous). However, please avoid looking into a beam
inadvertently just because it is classified as Class 1 and is considered safe. Also, be aware thatlaser output comes in a range of wavelengths from ultraviolet to infrared, and the degree of risk
varies depending on the wavelength.
Lasers are also powerful enough to burn the skin, clothing, and paint. Please exercise care.

6.2 Use of radioisotopes and radiation
The purpose of radiation protection is to protect the environment
and ensure the safety of people potentially exposed to radiation fromharm associated with radiation use. When using a radioactive isotope(RI), a radiation generator, or an X-ray machine, we must comply withregulations stipulated by laws and ordinances. Currently, in our
university, we cannot use or store RIs as specified in the Act on
Prevention of Radiation Hazards due to Radioisotopes, etc. (RI Act).
On the basis of this law, Sophia University has established the “Sophia
University Radiation Hazard Prevention Regulations” The radiation
protection supervisor oversees safe handling. It is mandatory for users
to attend a workshop and receive safety lecture beforehand. The
curriculum is separately organized.

6.3 Safe handling and knowledge of living organisms
As seen in cases of infections and food poisoning, we are always susceptible to biologicalhazards (biohazard). In biological experiments, because the danger is increased inevitably, it isimportant to thoroughly understand the following three points: danger due to living organisms,
the concept of safety measures, and experimental guidelines.

6.3.1 Danger due to living organisms
The development of life sciences has led to the understanding that the mechanisms oftransmission and onset of diseases are more complex than we had imagined. Furthermore, theeffects of drugs and poisons on the living body, gene propagation that occurs between species,
and the potential threat of genetically modified organisms are gradually being unraveled. We
need to consider carefully whether we are creating hazards in the laboratory unintentionally.
■ Examples of laboratory biohazards(1) Infection inside the body
The most likely cases are those in which pathogens and their toxic substances enter theexperimenter’s body via aspiration, ingestion, or infection from wounds. Even slightcarelessness or operational error could lead to a serious disease.
(2) Contamination inside and outside the laboratory
In addition, neglecting the proper handling and disposal of living organisms could result inthe spread of contamination inside and outside the laboratory, beyond the level ofindividual infection. This too could lead to unexpected damage.
In general, issues that likely arise when considering biohazards are those pertaining tomicroorganisms. Things not visible to the naked eye tend to receive little attention (ofcourse, safe handling of animals and plants is just as important!)

6.3.2 Concept of safety measures
The cardinal rule of safety in biological experiments is “physical containment.” In otherwords, experimental organisms should be handled only in the restricted area, and the spread ofrisk factors should be prevented (do not let them leave the laboratory!). Safety rules concerning
all biological experiments are created on the basis of this principle.
Compliance with rules not only protects ourselves but also ensures the safety of thelaboratory, building, university campus, and people in the region. It will also contribute to thepreservation of the ecology and the environment. Once an issue emerges, the seriousness ofsuch an incident is evident from familiar examples.
① As a result of imported pets being irresponsibly released by their owners into the wild, the51

survival of native species and the regional ecosystem have been endangered by theirbreeding in the wild.
② Nosocomial infections by pathogens that have acquired resistance to antibiotics anddisinfectants have posed a serious problem in the medical field as a biohazard example
where contamination is difficult to prevent.
We accept responsibility to strive for biohazard prevention in exchange for the right toperform biological experiments on our own initiative.

6.3.3 Genetic modification experiments and Animal experiments
In this university, many laboratories carry out genetic modification experiments and animal
experiments. Precautions regarding these experiments are summarized in the following.
■ Genetic modification experiments
Experiments in which viruses, microorganisms, plants, and animals are handled using generecombination technology are referred to as “genetic modification experiments.” Theseexperiments can be initiated only after applying to and receiving reviews and approval from theuniversity and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
Safety guidelines regarding genetic modification experiments in Japan are based on the“Act on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biological Diversity through Regulations on
the Use of Living Modified Organisms” (the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention
on Biological Diversity). All genetic modification experiments conducted in this university arelaboratory research (type II use, etc.), and measures (physical containment) to prevent thedispersal of genetically modified organisms (hereinafter, referred to as “modified organisms”)
are mostly implemented according to “P1-level” light standards.
P1-level experiments conducted in this university are subject to thefollowing measures.
① Close laboratory doors and windows when experiments are ongoing.
② Disinfect laboratory table after finishing experiments.
③ Disinfect experimental instruments and apparatus after finishingexperiments.
④ Waste contaminated by modified organisms should be autoclaved.
⑤ When cleaning instruments contaminated by modified organisms,
disinfect first before washing.
⑥ Place modified organisms in a container when carrying out of thelaboratory so as to prevent their dispersal.
Lab door signage
Other rules include:⑦ Eating, drinking, and smoking in the laboratory are prohibited.
⑧ For infection prevention, enforce hand washing, etc.
⑨ Display a "P1 level" sign clearly on the laboratory door, and restrict entry to only those
involved.
Depending on the type and virulence of organisms, experiments are classified, and detailed
rules are applied. For more information, please follow “Sophia University Brief Guide forExperiments Using Genetically Modified Organisms.” Also, in cases where modified
organisms are handed over or provided to other organizations by this university, it is requiredthat information regarding the organisms be provided to the recipient, and at the same time, anotification should be submitted to the university’s Genetic Modification Experiment Safety
Committee. Regarding the procedure, please follow the Guide.
In recent years, scientific research has drawn scrutiny from the public because of thefollowing:・ Containment measures (measures to prevent dispersion) are inappropriate.
・ Application to experiments has been neglected.
・ Information provision at the time of transfer, etc. has not been realized.
These violations of laws and regulations are subject to a penalty. The society strongly
demands that genetic modification experiments be conducted in an appropriate manner.
■ Handling of organisms obtained by the use of genome editing technology

At Sophia University, organisms derived from genome editing technology are also handledin accordance with “Type 2 Use of Living Modified Organisms”.
■ Studies of laboratory animals
In this university, studies of laboratory animals using vertebrates and reptiles are conducted.
These studies are also allowed to be initiated after applying to and receiving the approval ofSophia University Animal Care and Use Committee.
On the basis of the “Act on Welfare and Management of Animals,” a number of guidelines foranimal care and use have been drawn up, including “Standards Relating to the Care andManagement, etc. of Experimental Animals” (Care and Management Standards), “Fundamental
Guidelines for Proper Conduct of Animal Experiment and Related Activities in Academic
Research Institutions,” “Guidelines for Proper Conduct of Animal Experiments,” and “BasicRule for Abandoned Animals and Killing Animals.”
For the care and use of laboratory animals, the safety factors are as follows: 1) to improve carefacility, 2) to implement containment, and 3) to perform daily care and experimental procedureswith utmost care and attention.
① In animal rearing rooms, take escape prevention measures (e.g., mouse blocks).

53

② Keep the rearing environment clean. This is not only because the health and physical stateof animals affect experimental data, but also because serious infections are more likely tooccur in a deteriorated rearing environment, to which animals as well as humans are
susceptible.
③ When handling animals such as rodents, wear thick gloves to avoid being bitten.
④ In order to protect laboratory animals and to prevent danger resulting from laboratory
animals in case of an emergency, such as an earthquake and a fire, develop emergency
action plans in advance.
In addition, as specified in the “Act on Welfare and Management of Animals,” what is
important in animal experimentation is the aspect of animal welfare and protection.
①
②
③
④
⑤

Use the minimum number of animals in experiments.
Do not scare animals.
Do not cause animals unnecessary pain, and use appropriate anesthetics and analgesics.
Pay utmost attention to euthanasia.
A clean rearing environment not only ensures safety but also conforms to animal welfare
and protection.

It is necessary that we preserve awareness regarding bioethics, even under circumstances ofinnovative life science advances.

7. List of safety‐related materials
We sincerely thank the many organizations and people who provided guidance andcooperation during the course of preparation of this manual. We would also like to extend our
gratitude to the literature cited and referred to in this manual, as listed below.

◆References◆ “Disaster Prevention Guide – First aid”
Published by Tokyo Fire Department (supervised by EMS Service Section), Public Service
Foundation Tokyo Consolidated Fire Protection Association
 “Safety Notebook 3rd Edition”
Compiled and published by Tokyo Institute of Technology Safety Management
Implementation Committee “Safety Instructions”
Compiled by Waseda University Okubo Campus Safety and Health Committee
 “To Safely Conduct Experiments”
Compiled by Kagaku-Dojin Editorial Department and published by Kagaku-Dojin
Publishing Company, Inc.
 “Principles and Practices of Biosafety”
Compiled by Biomedical Science Association and published by Mimizuku-sha
 "Chemical Safety Notebook for Safe Laboratory Management", 3rd edition
Edited by the Chemical Society of Japan, Maruzen Publishing:◆Websites◆[Chemical risk assessment support portal site]
https://www.jcia-bigdr.jp/jcia-bigdr/material/law_matrix
Various kinds of regulatory information, including the Fire Service Act, regarding reagents can becollectively searched. It is recommended that the search be performed using CAS numbers. Searches
using the CRIS system, etc., are also possible.
[PRTR substances]

1) Chemical Management Policy Division, Manufacturing Industries Bureau, Ministry of
Economy, Trade and Industry
http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/chemical_manegement/law/index.html
2) Environmental Health and Safety Division, Environmental Health Department, Ministry of
the Environment
http://www.env.go.jp/chemi/prtr/risk0.html
3) Bureau of Environment, Tokyo Metropolitan Government
http://www.kankyo.metro.tokyo.jp[Sewage discharge standards (within the 23 wards of Tokyo)]Tokyo Metropolitan Sewerage Bureau
https://www.gesui.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/contractor/d4/information/index.html[Genetic modification experiments / bioethics]

Life Science no Hiroba, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
http://www.lifescience.mext.go.jp/bioethics/index.html

55

Postscript
This booklet is the 4th expanded and revised edition of the Safety Manual that was first issued in
2005. We have made significant additions and revisions to the text and data mainly in Chapters 1 and 2
to reflect building renovation, changes in emergency safety measures, and law amendments, which havebeen implemented since the manual was revised in 2017 by Dr. Kuze, then Chairperson of the Facultyof Science and Technology Safety Committee. We have edited the Safety Manual while keeping in mind
that our mission is to convey basic and important matters to students at the Faculty of Science andTechnology in as simple a manner as possible. Have you ever experienced a scary moment during anexperiment or a practical training? It is important to increase safety awareness in order to prevent suchnear-miss experiences to the extent possible.
In addition, given that laws and approaches regarding safety in the working environment change day
by day, the Wellness Center, Dr. Nahoko Okamoto and Dr. Yuka Funaki of the Department of Nursing,
the Office of Property, the Center for Research Promotion and Support, and Nikoh Sangyo have been
instrumental to revising this manual. I would like to take this opportunity to extend our gratitude for
their cooperation.
As experiments in a wide range of areas are conducted in the Faculty of Science and Technology, it
is impossible to cover every matter concerning safety in this manual alone. Yet, it is important that eachand every one of us possesses a deep awareness of and consideration for safety. We hope that this manual
will provide guidance and assistance to that end. At the same time, we will continue to strive to makesure that everyone can perform experiments in the safest way possible.

Safety Manual Editorial Committee
Chief
Takeshi Hashimoto (Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology)
Members
Nobuhiro Suzuki (Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology)
Kunihito Tanaka (Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology)
Mitsuhisa Ichiyanagi (Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science andTechnology)
Takumi Adachi (Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology)
Ichirou Nomura (Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology)
Masanobu Ogawa (Department of Information and Communication Sciences, Faculty of Science andTechnology)
Chikara Sumi (Department of Information and Communication Sciences, Faculty of Science andTechnology)
Emiko Okano (High-pressure gas safety officer)
Takashi Onozuka (Office of Property, Bureau of Financial Affairs)
Cover illustration/editorial assistance: Kumihaimu

Seven Serious Offenses
Laboratory accidents are man-made disasters!!
The following “seven serious offenses” are the psychologicalstates that invite accidents.
1. Ignorance
Embarking on experiments without sufficient risk information is likeclimbing a snow-covered mountain without equipment.
2. No thinking
It is not that an accident “occurs unexpectedly” –it “occurs because you
do not think.”
3. No planning
Preventing accidents and measures against disasters in case of an
emergency
No regrets about money, time, and trouble
4. Apathy
Proactive intention toward safety
It is important to give up with courage.
5. UnreasonablenessIn carrying out an experiment, more haste, less speed.
When things go wrong, make haste slowly.
6. Insensitiveness
Those who lack compassion for others also hurt themselves
7. Indolence
Do not ignore laboratory manners just because you are too lazy.
There are manners to be followed in the laboratory
Gen Sato / Akira Sugimori
Professors Emeriti, Sophia University