NEW THREATS FROM THE AIR
Human rights violations by SAC forcesin Kachin and northern Shan State,
November 2021 – April 2022

Published in June 2022

Contents
Summary													3Airstrikes on civilian areas										5Shelling of civilian areas											7Indiscriminate shooting of civilians									10Arbitrary arrests, torture, use of civilians as forced labour and human shields		

12

Rape attempt by Burma Army soldier in Kutkai							

12New displacement												14Conclusion and recommendations									17Appendices													181.

Detailed list of SAC airstrikes on civilian areas						

18

2.

Detailed list of SAC shelling of civilian areas						

19

3.

Detailed list of indiscriminate shooting of civilians by SAC troops			

22

4.

Detailed list of arbitrary arrests, torture, use of civilians as forced 			24

labour and human shields by SAC troops
5.

2

Details of attempted rape by Burma Army soldier in Kutkai				

27

Summary
Human rights violations by SAC forces in Kachin and N Shan
State Nov 2021 – Apr 2022
Airstrikes on civilian areas
Artillery attacks on civilian areas
Indiscriminate shooting of civilians
Arbitrary arrest
Use of villagers as human shields or forced labour
New displacement

No. of incidents

No. of civilian victims

5
13
13
14
5

2 killed, 15 injured
8 killed, 20 injured
11 killed, 7 injured
23
34
5,737

This report documents ongoing human rights violations, including sexual violence, by forces of the State Administration Council (SAC) regime in Kachin State and northern Shan State between November 2021 and April 2022.
Detailed maps reveal not only a continuing pattern of indiscriminate shooting and shelling into civilian areas,
but a new and deadly trend of airstrikes on populated villages, constituting further evidence of war crimes by theregime.
The air attacks against civilians appear to be direct retaliation for conflict losses in strategically important areas:
along the Irrawaddy river supply route into Kachin State; on the main road link to Putao in northern Kachin State;
and on the main road leading east from the Hpakant jade mining area. Five airstrikes in these areas killed twovillagers and injured thirteen, including six children.
On the ground, SAC troops from the notorious assault divisions ID 33, ID 88 and ID 99, have continued to fire
artillery shells directly into civilian areas, including towns. Thirteen shelling incidents during the past six months
killed eight villagers and injured twenty, including six children. The shelling occurred not only during fighting, butalso after clashes had ended. On February 17, ID 99 troops fired shells directly into a village near Mong Yaw, eastof Lashio town, killing three women and a girl, and injuring four other displaced villages who had just returned
home after fleeing fighting four days earlier.
The report documents thirteen incidents of indiscriminate shooting by SAC troops, killing eleven civilians andinjuring seven. All were simply going about their daily lives: farming, trading or staying in their homes, including
a seven-year-old boy killed in his bed in Myitkyina on February 1, when troops shot randomly into civilian houses
following a bomb explosion in the town.
Twenty-three people have been arbitrarily arrested, mostly on accusations of links to resistance groups. Of these,seven are known to have been severely tortured, included two men and a woman arrested from their homes near
Myitkyina on November 28 and taken to the IB 37 base, where they were beaten with guns and sticks to make themconfess to being members of PDF or KIA.
There have also been four incidents of regime troops arresting villagers, including women, and forcing them towalk between them as human shields in Momauk, Hpakant and Namtu.
In April, KWAT documented a rape attempt by a SAC soldier in Kutkai, only a few kilometers from where a SAC
soldier from the same battalion raped a 62-year-old woman in November 2021. This shows clearly that SAC troops
remain confident of impunity for sexual violence.

3

The fighting and SAC abuses have caused new displacement of over 5,700 villagers in Kachin State and Muse,Lashio and Namtu townships of northern Shan State. Where possible, IDPs have tried to return home after fighting
has died down, but remain displaced in some locations, mainly around Mong Ko, due to ongoing clashes.
KWAT reiterates our calls for increased diplomatic and economic pressure on the military regime to end theiratrocities, and enable the transfer of power to a democratically elected government under a new federal constitution.

IN
DI
A

Human rights violations by SAC forces in Northern Burma, Nov 2021-Apr 2022

Nogmung

Putao

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Ma

ch

an

ba
w

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Tanai

pu

gla

wn
Ka

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NanyunH
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Tsawlaw

Sumpra Bum

g

ja

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o?
o? ?

KhamtiIn?
Waimaw

HomalinMohnyin

Myitkyina?

Momauko

Shwegu?

Aikma
Kachin State

??
?
Muse

Mansi

Shan State
BA outposts seized by KIA since Feb 2021
(temporarily or until now)
Human Rights violation by BA
Airstrike
Airstrike on civilian area

o

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?

Tigyaing

Sagaing Division

4

Bh
am

o

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Katha

Pinlebu

CH
IN
A

Mogaung

Indaw

Chipwi

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o
o

Hpakant

Banmauk

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Manton

Tamtu

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Kutkai

Hseni
Lashio?
oTangyan

LaukkaingAirstrikes on civilian areas
Date
12 Jan, 2022

Location
Moe Dar Gyi village, Katha,
Sagaing

Details
No. of civilian casualties
2 fighter jets fired 12 missiles 4 injured

18 Jan, 2022

Hmat Taing village, Katha,
Sagaing

2 fighter jets fired missiles

2 injured

3 Feb, 2022

Sum Pyi Yang village, Putao

2 fighter jets dropped 10bombs

5 injured

4 Feb, 2022

Gaw Lu Yang, Hkai Run villages,
Hpakant

2 fighter jets dropped bombs

5 Feb, 2022

Kap Maw Zup village, Hpakant

2 fighter jets dropped bombs 2 killed, 4 injured

Total

2 killed, 15 injured

During January and February 2022, the regime carried out five airstrikes on populated villages in Kachin State andKatha township of northern Sagaing region. These villages were all located in strategically important areas where
the regime had suffered conflict losses. As there was no active fighting in the targeted villages at the time of theairstrikes, the bombing clearly served as collective punishment, aimed at deterring further resistance attacks.
Two airstrikes took place in January in northern Katha township near the Irrawaddy river, about 10 kilometersfrom the Kachin State border. The river serves as a vital transport link for the regime to ship military supplies
from central Burma into Kachin State, and shipments have suffered frequent attacks by KIA and PDF forces in thearea. On January 12, two fighter jets fired about 12 missiles directly at Moe Dar Gyi village, injuring six villagers,
including five children. On January 18, two fighter jets again came and fired missiles at nearby Hmat Taing village,
injuring one man and one boy. On both days, there was no fighting on the ground.

Burma Army airstrike on Moe Dar Gyi and Hmat Daing villages, Katha (12 & 18 Jan 2022)

Hmat Daing villageiver

Nam San village

I rr
aw
ad

dy
R

Moe Dar Gyi village

Airstrike by Burma Army

5

On February 3, two fighter jets attacked the village of Sum Pyi Yang, 35 miles south of Putao on the main roadto Myitykina, dropping 10 bombs which damaged seven houses and injured five villagers, including two womenand two children. The airstrike came two days after the KIA had attacked and seized the pro-regime militia postat the entrance of Sum Pyi Yang, and the airstrike was clearly intended to pressure the KIA to withdraw from thisstrategic transport artery.

Burma Army Airstrike to civilian area, Sum Pyi Yang village, Putao, 3 Feb 2022
Pu
ta

o

Sum Pyi Yang village
Militia Post

My

itk

yin

a

Militia post where KIA attacked
Village Arirstrike by Burma Army

On February 4 and 5, airstrikes took place between Kamaing and Hpakant township, after KIA and PDF troops
had attacked a group of ID 33 troops taking a short cut to Hpakant on February 3. Fighting lasted for several days,
and the SAC troops suffered heavy casualties. On February 4, two fighter jets came and dropped bombs on thevillages of Gaw Lu Yang, Hkai Run and Hkum Sai Zup, damaging some houses, but luckily injuring no villagers, as
most residents had fled their homes. However, at 3 pm the next day two jet fighters dropped bombs on Kap Maw
Zup village (several miles from the fighting area), killing an 82-year-old male villager instantly, and seriously injuring
five villagers, including four women, and one man. The injured villagers were taken to Myitkyina hospital, but were
stopped at several checkpoints along the way, for periods of 30-45 minutes, and didn’t reach the hospital till 10
pm. One of these villagers, a 52-year-old woman had her leg amputated the next day, but died two hours after theoperation.

6

Burma Army airstrikes on civilian areas in Hpakant, 4-5 Feb 2022

Road to Hpakant

Hkum Sai Zup village
Hkai Run village(Tadayi Naung)

Kap Maw Zup village

Gaw Lu Yang village
Seng Hpra village

Na

m

Ya
v

illa

ge

Nam Ya Militia camp

Airstrike by Burma Army
Fighting location

Shelling of civilian areas
Time period No. of shellingincidents
Nov 202113
Apr 2022

Townships (no. of incidents)
Muse (6), Momauk(2), Shwegu (1), Hpakant (2), Namkham (1)Lashio (1)SAC battalions (where No. of civilian casualties
known)ID 33, ID 88, ID 99, LIB 8 killed (incl. 1 child), 20
437
injured (incl. 6 children)

SAC troops, mainly from the notorious assault divisions ID 33, ID 88 and ID 99, have continued to fire shells directly into civilian areas, including towns. This was usually during fighting against resistance forces, but sometimes
after fighting had died down or when there was no fighting at all, presumably to deter new attacks.
Six incidents of shelling of civilian areas took place in Muse, during heavy fighting between the MNDAA and SAC.
ID 99 troops fired shells indiscriminately into villages, as well as into Quarter 7 of Mong Ko town. The shellingkilled two villagers, including a young woman holding her baby, and injured three, including a pregnant woman
and a 5-year-old girl.

7

Burma Army shelling of civilian areas near Mong Ko, 20 Nov 2021±

Lashap Village

Hpawng Seng Village

INA

CH

Man Yang Village

Bang Mwi Village

ng

Mo

wn
o To

K

Borderline
Village where Burmar Army stationed
Village shelled by Burma Army
Direction of shelling

Burma Army shelling of civilian area near Namkham, 5 Jan 2022±
Namkham Town

Huna Village

ID 88 Military camp (1)ID 88 Military camp (1)Direction of shelling
Village shelled by Burma Army

8

Burma Army shelling of civilian areas, Mong Ko, 12 Jan 2022
CHINA

Pang Hseng Town

Nawng Heng village

Mong Ko Town

Loi Sa village
Man Kang village

Hu Bang village
Sama village

ID 99 military camp

Border line

Mai Hpang village

Village shelled by Burma Army

ID 99 military camp
Direction of shelling

Mai Hpang village, Mung Baw (Mong Paw)

Similarly, during fighting between KIA and SAC in Hpakant, SAC troops of ID 33 fired shells into villages, killing
two villagers and injuring six, including a 13-year-old boy.
However, a particularly deadly shelling incident occurred four days after fighting between SAC and MNDAA
troops had died down in the Mong Yaw area, about 20 miles east of Lashio town. On February 17, ID 99 troops
shelled directly into Lone Tat village, killing three women and a girl, and injuring four other villagers. All had justreturned home after fleeing the fighting.
Burma Army shellling of civilian area, Lashio township,17 Feb 2022

Mong Yaw village

Loi Jawt village

Lone Tat village
Pang Sapay village
ID 99 military campVillage shelled by Burma Army
Village to which IDPs had fled

Pang Nang village
Pang Kin Awn village

Direction of shelling9In one instance, there had been no fighting at all when SAC troops fired shells into a civilian area. On January 5,
simply the sight of TNLA troops entering Namkham town caused troops of ID 88 to fire shells into Quarter 2 of
the town, seriously injuring six civilians, including two women and three young children.
Burma Army shelling of civilian area, Kawng Hka village, Muse township, 27 April 2022
Kawng Hka village

ID 99 Military camp
Mung Baw village

Mai Hpang village

Hu Gan village

Village shelled by Burma Army
Fighting location

Man Ping village

Direction of shelling

Indiscriminate shooting of civilians
Time period
Nov 2021Feb 2022

No. of shooting Townships (no. of inciincidents
dents)
13
Muse (2), Mohnyin (2)Momauk (3), Bhamo (1),Myitkyina (2), Putao (1)Waimaw (1), Hpakant (1)SAC battalions(where known)
ID 33, ID 99, IB 46,
LIB 437

No. of civilian casualties
11 killed (incl. 1 child), 7
injuredKWAT has documented thirteen incidents of indiscriminate shooting by SAC troops between November 2021 andFebruary 2022, killing eleven civilians and injuring seven. All the victims were simply going about their daily lives:farming, trading or staying at home.
In three cases, villagers were shot on their way to or from their farms. A disabled farmer in Hpakant was shot deadtrying to run away when ID 33 troops approached his farm. Another elderly farmer, who was hearing-impaired,
was shot dead by ID 99 troops while riding a motorbike back from his corn farm near Mong Ko. The clothing on
his dead body had been changed into PDF-style clothing (jeans instead of farmer’s trousers) in an apparent attempt
to justify the killing. His daughter described what happened:“On 21 November, on Sunday evening, my father Lahpai Tu Lum (56 years old) from Maw Tawng village, went to his
corn farm at Ma Hang mountain, about 30 minutes from our village by motorbike. My father is deaf. The next day at
about 4 pm he phoned me and said, "I met some PDF without uniform. It might be dangerous. So I am coming home10

right now." He asked me," Are there any Burma military troops around the village?" I said, "No." He was driving his
motorbike when he was calling me. At 7 pm he hadn't arrived home, so we were getting worried and I told one of themilitia in the village. At night, the militia said, "ID 99 troops shot him because they thought he was a PDF." The militia
told us where my father had been shot. The next day, our family members and villagers went and looked there. His
body was on the way to farm. His clothes had been changed into PDF clothes. His original clothes were beside him. He
had been shot in his belly and ribs. The military had taken his phone too. We have 4 siblings and all are women. We
don't have any brothers. I felt like my father was my brother too. When I go to church, there are many families with
their brothers and father. At that time I really miss my father and I want to cry. So I don't want to go to any crowded
places. We can't talk about my father in front of my Mom now. She keeps fainting.”
A truck carrying pigs in Mohnyin was shot at when it did not stop immediately in front of an army checkpoint,due to faulty brakes. The driver, who had got out to apologise, was injured, and a passenger in the truck was shotdead in the head.
A young newlywed couple in Putao were shot by SAC troops when trying to escape by motorbike from fighting intheir village. When the husband’s brother went to collect the bodies, the SAC troops claimed they had shot thembecause they had not stopped their motorbike when ordered to. The brother recounted what happened:“Since fighting broke out at Sum Pyi Yang village (on February 1, 2022), the regime troops have been staying in villagers’ houses in Hpak Ma village. My younger brother Ngur Zi Tar and his wife Jar Li Dwi, who were married in
November 2021, both live at Hpak Ma village and their house is very close to where the troops were staying. On 15
Feb, KIA, PDF, and IB 46 troops fought at the head of Hpak Ma village at 8 pm. At that time my younger brothercalled me by phone and said "The fighting is very close and we want to move to a relative’s house". I replied to him"You don't need to move because they are fighting at the head of the village and it is quite far from your house," andhe said "OK". Shortly afterwards I heard a gunshot sound. I phoned my brother again and he said "We’ve been shot.
My wife is already dead. Pray for us." He rang off, and then a minute later he phoned me again and I asked, "Where
are you now? We will come to you.” He said, "The Burma military are around us, don't come." After that, he rang off.
I called him many times but he did not pick up. We were also too afraid to go outside and we just stayed at home thatnight The next morning the village leader and our family picked up their dead bodies. Both were dead on the street infront of where the military were staying. My brother had been shot in his belly and leg and his wife had been shot inher chest. There was a motorbike beside them. It seemed both of them were trying to come to my home.”
Troops not only shot indiscriminately at civilians in rural areas, but also in towns, in response to attacks or feared
attacks. On November 28, after KIA troops in civilian clothes entered Momauk town, regime troops at the LIB 437
base fired randomly into surrounding houses and vehicles in Chye Nan quarter, injuring a pregnant woman andtwo men.
On December 16, regime troops in Myikyina city opened fire on a car passing near the Manau ground, killing thedriver. The troops had been posted as security for a Christmas ceremony to be held at the ground the next day,presided over by the regime-appointed Kachin State chief minister, Hkyet Hting Nan.
On February 1, after a bomb explosion at Lay Kone police station in Myitkyina city, regime troops shot randomly
into civilian houses, killing a 7-year-old boy Maung Bone Khant Htay, who was sleeping in his home.

11

Arbitrary arrests, torture, use of civilians as forced labour and human shields

Arbitrarily arrested, mostly on
suspicion of links to PDF or KIA
Arrested and used as humanshields or forced labour

No. of people arrested Location
Nov 2021 - Apr 2022
23
Bhamo, Myitkyina,
Putao, Waimaw,
Hpakant
34
Ingjangyang, Momauk, Hpakant,
Namtu

SAC battalions(where known)
IB 37, IB 58, ID 33
LIB 437, ID 33, ID 101

During the past six months 23 people have been arbitrarily arrested, mostly on accusations of links to PDF or KIA.
Of these, seven are known to have been severely tortured. This included two men and one woman arrested fromtheir homes near Myitkyina on November 28 and taken to the IB 37 base, where they were beaten with guns andsticks to make them confess to being members of KIA or PDF. One man, Naw San, aged 39, was beaten so severelythat two of his ribs were cracked. The woman (a tomboy) was also beaten all over her body with a gun, before thetroops found out she was a woman and stopped. The three were released late that night following the interventionof the Peace-talk Creation Group (PCG).
Some of those arrested have been charged under Section 17/1 of the Unlawful Association Act or Penal Code Section 505 (b), and have been imprisoned. The whereabouts of some detainees remains unknown.
28 villagers, in Momauk, Hpakant and Namtu townships, have been forced to serve as human shields for SAC
troops. On November 28, LIB 437 troops forced 6 male villagers to walk with them as human shields from Chye
Nan quarter to Momauk high school, and on December 4 the same battalion used eleven farmers, including 6
women, as human shields while patrolling near Momauk town. On January 4, ID 33 troops walking from Hpakant
to Kamaing forced eight farmers to accompany them as human shields after being attacked by the KIA. On March
30, after fighting between KIA and SAC troops of ID 101 near Namtu, the SAC troops arrested three male villagers
and forced them to walk between them from their village to their military camp in Namtu.
In early November, six IDPs from Injangyang, who had returned home temporarily to look after their animals
were arrested by 100 regime troops and forced to clear bushes for one hour.

Rape attempt by Burma Army soldier in Kutkai
A recent rape attempt in Kutkai shows continuing vulnerability of rural women to sexual violence by Burma Armysoldiers due to the ongoing climate of impunity for military rape.
On April 12, 2022, a SAC soldier from LIB 336 attempted to rape a 50-year-old woman at Hu Nawng village,
Kutkai township, about 3 kilometers from where a SAC soldier from the same unit raped a 62-year-old woman inNovember 2021.
Similar to the previous case, the rape attempt was in broad daylight, only 100 meters from where the perpetrator’sunit was camped in the village. The perpetrator had been posted as a security guard on the path to the survivor’s
house. Fortunately, the woman’s cries alerted a relative nearby, who came to help, causing the soldier to run away
before being able to commit rape. However, she suffered injuries from being beaten in the head and choked whentrying to resist.
Villagers immediately went to complain to the local commander, who arranged a line-up from which the survivor
was able to identify the perpetrator. The perpetrator was then tied to a tree, and the commander apologized to the12survivor and gave her 100,000 MMK for medical treatment.
That afternoon, the village head and local women leaders followed up with the commander, demanding justice.
However, after they left the commander, villagers heard shots, and learned that the perpetrator had shot three
fellow soldiers dead and then run away. The next day, the perpetrator was caught in nearby jungle, and shot dead.
On April 14, the commander gave a further 500,000 MMK in compensation to the survivor.
Meanwhile, there has been no further news about the punishment given to the soldier who committed rape in the
nearby village of Hpakyip on November 7, 2021. The fact that another soldier from the same unit dared attemptrape so openly only four months after the previous incident, suggests that the previous perpetrator was given only
lenient punishment, if any.
Similar to the previous incident, the troops were camped in the village to provide security along the Kutkai-Muse
highway. KIA had attacked a convoy of 40 Burma Army trucks near Hu Nawng village on the night of April 11,
and within hours a group of 20 troops from LIB 336 had moved into Hu Nawng from their temporary camp in
the nearby village of Nam Gut.

Location of Burma Army rape attempt at Hu Nawng village, Kutkai, Northern Shan State(12 April 2022)

Security guard location
Rape attempt location
Deacon Mr. Dawshi Zau Hka Churchse

Mu
Village head's house

Rape attempt locationai

Shortcut between houses

tk
Ku

Houses where LIB 336 troops were camped

Security guard location

13

Locations of sexual violence by Burma Army in Kutkai, Northern Shan State

Hpahkyip village

Muse

Kutkai

Hu Nawng village

Nam Gut village

Rape location (7 Nov 2021)
Attempted rape location (12 April 2022)
House where Burma Army LIB (336) camped.

New displacement
Between November 2021 and April 2022, KWAT has documented new displacement of 5,737 villagers in Kachin
State and in Muse, Lashio and Namtu townships of northern Shan State.
Over 3,800 villagers were displaced in Kachin State during February, as a result of airstrikes and indiscriminate
shelling of civilian areas in Putao, Hpakant and Momauk. Most of those displaced have now returned home, including the over 1,300 residents of Sum Pyi Yang in Putao, who returned at the end of March, after negotiations
with the regime by the Kachin Peace-talk Creation Group.
In northern Shan State, the main area of displacement has been around Mong Ko, where ongoing heavy fighting
between SAC and MNDAA (Kokang) forces have displaced over 1,000 villagers between November and January.
Over 600 of these IDPs are still unable to return home, as they are from villages east of Mong Ko where conflictis concentrated. This includes residents of Man Yang village who fled fighting in mid-January and still dare not
return home as SAC ID 99 troops have set up a military outpost in their village. They are sheltering at the nearby
village of Nawng Pai, reluctant to move to an IDP camp in Mong Ko town as they want to remain close to theirhomes and farms. Similarly, residents of Lashap village are sheltering in nearby Hka Chyang Hku village. Residents
displaced from Bang Mwi village in November 2021 tried to survive in nearby forest, but ended up having to moveto an IDP camp in Mong Ko because their route to purchase food supplies was cut off by fighting.

14

IDPs displaced from villages east of Mong Ko report that their houses have been ransacked by SAC troops, andtheir livestock and possessions looted.
Summary of new displacement in Kachin State and northern Shan State, Nov 2021-Mar 2022
Township

IDP location

KACHIN STATE
Putao
Sum Pyi Yang
jungle and relatives’ houses in
Myitkyina
Putao
Relatives’ housesin Putao

Villages of origin No. ofhouseholds

No. ofpeopleDate ofCurrent
displacement status

Sum Pyi Yang

206

1,307

3 Feb 2022

All returned
home on 2731 March

Lung Sha Yang

n.a

110

7 Feb 2022

Some have
Returnedhome
All returnedhomeHpakant

Seng Hpra KBC
churchHkai Run, Gaw
Lu Yang, Hkum
Sai Zup, Gawlu
Yang, Manaw,
Kap Maw Zup,
Seng Hpra

n.a.

2,215

5 Feb 2022

MomaukMomauk KBC
and RC churches

Wa Wang, Kum
Bang, Hka Nan
Quarter 3

n.a.

205

17 Feb 2022

Some have returned home

Bang Mwi

50

200

20 Nov 2021

Still displaced

Lashap77
Nawng Heng, Loi 98
Sa, Man Kang, Hu
Bang, SamaMan Yang
27

307
342

20 Nov 2021
11 Jan 2022

Still displaced
Returnedhome

110

17 Jan 2022

Still displaced

n.a.

131

24 Jan 2022

n.a.

600

14 Feb 2022

returnedhome
Returned
home

43

210

30 Mar 2022

NORTHERN SHAN STATEMuse

Mong Ko IDP
camp
Hka Chyang Hku
Wing Seng village, Mong Ko

Nawng Hpai village, nr. Hpawng
Seng
Mong Baw RC
Hu Chyi
Church, Pang Sai
LashioMong Yaw market Loi Jak, Lone Tat,
Pang Sapay, Pang
Nang, Pan Kin
Awn
Namtu
Namtu KBC
Sinli Kawng Ra
churchTOTAL NEW DISPLACEMENT

Some have returned home

5,737

15

IN
DI
A

Sites sheltering new IDPs in Kachin state and Northern Shan State (Nov 2021-April 2022)

NogmungPutao

1. Putao IDP location# Machanb

1. Seng Hpra IDP location

aw

pu

gla

wn
Ka

#
Tanai

H
ng

Tsawlaw

Sumpra Bum

1. Sum Pyi Yang IDP location

g

an
gy

Sagaingjan

In

Chipwi

Hpakant#

1. Myitkyina IDP location#

Waimaw

Mogaung

IN

A

Myitkyina

1. Mong Ko KBC IDP location
2. Hka Chyang Hku IDP location
3. Nawng Hpai IDP location

CH

Mohnyin

1. Momauk KBC IDP location
2. Momauk RC IDP location

Momauk

1. Namtu KBC IDP location

Bh
am

o

Shwegu

#

Mansi

k
mh

am

###
#
Muse

Na

Laukkaing
Kutkai

MantonKachin State
Shan StateIDP location

16

1. Mung Baw IDP location
2. Wing Seng IDP location

1. Mong Yaw IDP location

Tamtu

Hseni

#

Lashio#TangyanConclusion and recommendations
This report documents continuing patterns of human rights violations, likely amounting to war crimes, by SAC
troops in Kachin and northern Shan State, including arbitrary arrest, torture, indiscriminate shelling and shooting into civilian areas. It also reveals a new and deadly trend of targeted airstrikes on populated villages, causing
heightened levels of fear and insecurity among local communities.
As resistance stiffens to SAC’s atrocities and the regime suffers further losses, it is sure that their deliberate targeting of civilians, by air and on the ground, will escalate. KWAT therefore calls urgently for concerted internationalpressure on the regime to end these atrocities and enable the transfer of power to a democratically elected government under a new federal constitution.
We therefore reiterate our demands:
To the UN Security Council:
To impose a global arms embargo on Burma, and to refer the situation in Burma to the International
Criminal Court
To foreign governments:
To withhold diplomatic recognition of the coup regime, and to recognise the National Unity Government
as the legitimate government of Burma-

To impose economic sanctions on the military regime’s business interests – particularly the Myanmar Oiland Gas Enterprise, and companies supplying aviation fuel to the regime.

To foreign companies:
To suspend operations in Burma until the regime is ousted, and there is a new federal democratic
constitution in place
To international donors:
To ensure that no aid provided to Burma’s people is legitimizing or subsidizing the military regime-

To provide humanitarian aid cross-border to IDPs in conflict areas through local ethnic administrations
and community groups

To Burma’s neighboring countries, including China:
To provide safe refuge to those fleeing conflict and persecution, and allow them access to humanitarian aid

17

Appendices1.

Detailed list of SAC airstrikes on civilian areas

Date
12 Jan, 2022

18 Jan, 2022

3 Feb, 2022

4 Feb, 2022

18

Location
Details
No. of casualties
Moe Dar Gyi village, On 12 January two fighter jets came and fired about 12 1 man, 2 boys, 1
Katha township, N. missiles at Moe Dar Gyi village, injuring (4) villagers, girl injured
Sagaing Region
including a boy (16 yrs), injured in his legs, a boy Naw
Zet Awng (7 yrs) injured in his right leg, a girl ShweZin Min (1 yrs) injured in her right leg and a man
U Kyaw Maung (63 yrs) injured in his left hand. This
caused many villagers to flee their homes. On that day
there was no fighting at Moe Dar Gyi, (but there is
active PDF resistance in the area).
Hmat Taing village, On 18 Jan, two fighter jets came from Magway and 1 man, 1 boy inKatha township, N. fired missiles at Hmat Taing village, seriously injuring jured
Sagaing Region
2 villagers: a man Htay Maung (45 yrs) was injured in
his head, and a boy Kyaw Wai Moe (7 yrs) was injured
in his back. A Buddhist temple was also damaged.
There was no fighting at Hmat Taing village on thatday.
Sum Pyi Yang vil- On 1 Feb, PDF and KIA troops attacked a pro-regime 1 man, 2 women, 1lage, Putao
militia camp at Sum Pyi Yang village, Putao. The vil- boy and 1 girl inlagers fled to the jungle during the attack, then re- jured
turned home when the fighting was over. On 3 Feb,
at about 4 pm, 2 fighter jets from Myitkyina came to
Sum Pyi Yang village and dropped about 10 bombs,
destroying 7 houses and seriously injuring 5 villagers:
a boy (16 yrs) was injured in his back; a girl (10 yrs)
was injured in her left hand, head, and both legs; awoman (49 yrs) was injured in her neck, and both legs
and arms; a man (40 yrs) was injured in his head, belly
and chest, and a woman (61 yrs) was injured in her
head. This caused the villagers to flee again to the jungle and to stay with relatives in towns.
Gaw Lu Yang vil- On 3 Feb, KIA and PDF attacked regime troops of ID
lage, Hkai Run vil- 33 south of Seng Hpra and Kap Maw Zup villages, wholage, Hpakant
were taking a shortcut to Hpakant via Tadayi Naungvillage. On Feb 4, at 2 pm, the pro-regime militia at
Nam Ya fired about 30 shells into the fighting areas,
and at 3 pm, 2 fighter jets came and dropped bombs
around Hkai Run (Tadayi Naung) and Gaw Lu Yang
villages, damaging some houses, but fortunately withno casualties, as most of the villagers had already fledto Kap Maw Zup and Seng Hpra villages.

5 Feb, 2022

Kap Maw Zup vil- At 3 pm on Feb 5, two fighter jets dropped bombs 1 man and 1 womlage, Hpakant
on Kap Maw Zup village, despite the fact there was an killed; 3 womenno fighting taking place in the village, and civilians and 1 man injured
from nearby villages were sheltering there. The bombs
killed an 82-year-old male villager instantly, and seriously injured 5 villagers, including 4 women, and 1man:
an 87-year-old woman was injured her legs
and chest
a 52-year-old woman was injured in her left
hand and left leg
a 84-year-old woman (84 yrs) was injured inher hands and backa 20-year-old woman was injured in boththighsa 58-year-old man was injured in the hips
The injured villagers were taken to Myitkyina hospital, but were stopped at several checkpoints along theway, for periods of 30-45 minutes, and didn’t reach thehospital till 10 pm. The 52-year-old woman had her
leg amputated the next day, but died after 2 hours.

2.

Detailed list of SAC shelling of civilian areas

Date
Location
Details
No. of casualties
20 Nov, 2021 Bang Mwi and Lashap Regime troops of ID 99 fired multiple shells from 1 woman killed
villages, Mong Ko, their outpost in Man Yang village into Bang Mwi
Muse
and Lashap villages. A shell explosion killed awoman, Shwe Zin Win (25 yrs), who was standing with her baby outside her house in Bang Mwi
village preparing to flee
28 Nov, 2021 Momauk town
On Nov 28, after about 40 KIA troops in civilian clothes entered Momauk town, regime troops
from the local LIB 437 base fired shells into Edin
quarter, and one shell fell into Edin IDP camp,
but fortunately did not explode.
12 Dec, 2021 Min Kyaung Gone vil- Regime troops on board a military ship travellage, Shwegu
ling along the Irrawaddy River to Shwegu shelledindiscriminately into Min Kyaung Gone village
about 8 times. One shell landed in a Buddhist
temple compound, and one on a civilian’s housein Min Kyaung Gone, but luckily no one was injured.

19

18 Dec, 2021

24 Dec, 2021

25 Dec, 2021

5 Jan, 2022

12 Jan, 2022

19-21 Jan,
2022

20

Quarter 7, Mong Ko, Burma Army troops fired shells from their mil- 1 woman injured
Muse
itary post near Mong Ko into Quarter 7 of thetown. A shell landed on one house, injuring awoman who was 4 months pregnant in her stomach. The woman was first taken to be treated at
Mong Ko Hospital, and then at Muse Hospital.
Fortunately, the shrapnel, which was lodged nearher navel, was removed without injuring the baby.
Maw Wan Kalay village, On 24 Dec, KIA and regime troops of ID 33 1 man killed, 5 men
Hpakant
fought around Maw Kalung, Ywar Haung, Seng injured
Tawng, and Maw Shan villages. ID 33 troops in
Hpakant fired shells at Maw Wan Kalay. One shell
dropped in the old Myanmar Thu Ra company
compound, killing one man and injuring 5 other men, including Mr Tu Mai (31 yrs), who werecollecting jade. Mr Tu Mai was seriously injured
in his back and sent to Myitkyina hospital.
Bang Mwi village, Mong MNDAA fought against regime troops of ID 77 1 man killed
Ko, Muse& 99 at Bang Mwi village, Mong Ko. ID 99 troops
fired shells from their posts at Man Yang and
Hpawng Seng villages into Bang Mwi village, killing a Chinese villager who had fled as an IDP on
November 20, but had come back to look after hisanimals.
Namkham town
After TNLA troops in uniform entered Namkham 1 man, 2 women, 2
town in the morning, at 11 am, regime troops of girls, 1 boy injured
ID 88 at military camp no. 1 shelled into Quarter2, seriously injuring 6 civilians from three households: 3 children (2 girls - 4 yrs, 1 yr - & 1 boy – 5yrs), 2 women (57 yrs, 60 yrs) and a man (31 yrs.).
The injured were treated at Namkham Hospital.
Nawng Heng, Loi Sa, On 11 Jan, MNDAA and regime troops of ID 99
Man Kang, Sama, Hu fought at Nawng Heng village, Mong Ko, then on
Pang villages, nr. Mong 12 Jan, fought again at Loi Sa, Mong Ko. Regime
Ko, Muse
troops fired shells from their bases in 105-Mile,Muse, and Mai Hpang, Panghsai, at 5 villages:
Nawng Heng, Loi Sa, Man Kang, Hu Pang &Sama. Several houses were damaged by the shelling.
Bang Mwi & Man Yang On 19, 20, and 21 Jan, there was heavy fighting
villages, nr. Mong Ko, between MNDAA and regime troops of ID 77
Muse& ID 99 near Bang Mwi and Man Yang villages,
during which troops of ID 99 fired shells fromMan Yang village into Bang Mwi and Man Yang
villages, damaging almost every house.

17 Feb, 2022

17 Feb, 2022

24 Feb, 2022

27 Apr, 2022

		.
		

Lone Tat village, Lashio On 13 Feb, regime troops of ID 99 fought with 3 women + 1 girl
MNDAA at 8 pm near Loi Jak village, Lashio. killed, 2 women +The military used two aircraft to fire missiles at 1 man + 1 girl inMNDAA. On 14 Feb, about 600 villagers from jured
Loi Jak, Lone Tat, Pang Sapay, Pang Nang and
Pan Kin Awn villages fled to Mong Yaw village,
staying at Mong Yaw market. After the fighting
had stopped, about 50 villagers from Pang Nangand Lone Tat returned home on 17 Feb, and wereshelled by ID 99 troops when they arrived at Lone
Tat village. 4 people were killed and 4 injured: awoman Aye Mya (32 yrs) and her daughter Aye
Chyam (5 yrs) were hit in their heads. The mother died on the spot, but her daughter died after
being taken to Mong Yaw hospital. Two women
Sai Kham (35 yrs) and Aye Chyam (26 yrs) were
hit in their backs and died. Two women Aye Law(25 yrs) and Aye Sin (20 yrs) were injured in theirbacks, and a girl (17 yrs) was injured in her backand hand. A man (28 yrs) was injured in his left
leg.
Wa Wang village,
On 17 Feb, KIA and SAC LIB 437 fought near Wa 1 man injured
MomaukWang village and Hka Nan quarter 3, Momauk atnoon. The SAC troops begin firing shells indiscriminately from Hka Nan at Wa Wang village.
At that time, a man called U Naing Awng (50 yrs)
from Momauk was going to Wa Wang village tocollect some wood, when he was injured in hishead by a shell. He received treatment at Bhamo
public hospital.
Kamaing, Hpakant
On 24 Feb, KIA attacked the military gate near 1 man killed, 1 boy
Kamaing at 7 am. Regime troops of ID 33 based injured
at the LIB 119 military camp at Kamaing shelledindiscriminately around the area. A villager, U Ko
Ko (50 yrs), staying near the military gate was hit
by a shell and died. His son (13 yrs) was injured
in his right arm and leg.
Kawng Hka village, On 27 April, MNDAA and SAC troops of LIB 420 1 woman + 1 girlMusefought near Hu Gan village, Mong Baw. At about injured
4 pm SAC troops of ID 99 shelled from Mung
Baw at Kawng Hka village, Namtao. One shelllanded at a civilian house, seriously injuring a girlHkangda Nu San Awng (5 yrs) in her upper left
arm and also injuring her mother’s right hand.

		 									 				
		
21

3.

Detailed list of indiscriminate shooting of civilians by SAC troops

Date
1 Nov, 2021
21 Nov, 2021

28 Nov, 2021

28 Nov, 2021

29 Nov, 2021

14 Dec, 2021

16 Dec, 2021

22

Location
Mong Ko

Details
Casualties
On 1 Nov, an ethnic Chinese male villager from Mong 1 man killed
Ko was shot by regime troops of ID 99 on the way to
his farm. He was shot in the head and killed.
Maw Tawng village, ID 99 troops shot Lahpai Tu Lum (56 yrs), who was 1 man shot deadMusehearing impaired, while he was riding his motorbikeback from his corn farm in the evening. His body was
found the next day, with gunshot wounds in his belly
and ribs. Clothing which PDF members typically wear
(jeans and a rain jacket) had been put on his body, andhis regular clothes were beside him. His phone had
been stolen.
Maw Han village, Atruck carrying pigs arrived at a regime military 1 man shot dead; 1
Mohnyincheckpoint at Maw Han village. The driver stopped man injured
the car, but the brakes were not working properly, so
it drove slightly past the checkpoint. When the driver(aged 25) got out to apologize, the troops at the gate
opened fire. The driver was injured in his hand andthigh. Another man in the car, U Thein Zaw Win (31yrs), was shot in the head and died instantly.
Momauk town
On Nov 28, after about 40 KIA troops in civilian 2 men and 1 womclothes entered Momauk town, about 20 regime troops an shot and infrom the local LIB 437 base shot randomly into civil- jured.
ian houses and vehicles, seriously injuring 3 people in
Chye Nan quarter: 1 pregnant woman (22 yrs) was injured in the head and hand; 1 man (31 yrs) driving a
car was injured in his hands; 1 man delivering food ata shop was injured in the legs. Two houses were damaged by bullets, in Chye Nan and Hka Nan quarters.
Let Pan Tan village, After KIA attacked a military vehicle between Nan
MohnyinMar and Let Pan Tan village at 5 am on Nov 29, regime
troops came in 2 civilian cars at 6 am and shot randomly into the two villages. One house was damaged
and one cow shot dead at Let Pan Tan village.
Momauk town
After KIA attacked a military convoy travelling from
Bhamo outside the LIB 437 base in Momauk, regime
soldiers in the base shot randomly into civilians’ houses, killing a cow
Myitkyina
On 16 Dec, at 7 pm, regime troops posted around 1 man shot deadthe Manau ground shot at a car driving on the street.
A man in the car was injured in the belly and died.
The next day, 17 Dec, the Kachin state chief minister,
Hkyet Hting Nan, and the regime authorities held a
Christmas prayer ceremony at the Manau ground.

31 Dec, 2021 Bhamo

8 Jan, 2022
1 Feb, 2022

4 Feb, 2022

15 Feb, 2022

17 Feb, 2022

On 31 Dec, four men from Bhamo went to 3-Mile vil- 1 man shot dead, 2lage, Bhamo at 11 pm Motorbike on the way, regime injured
troops near the DENKO petrol shop shot them. One
man (30 yrs) was injured in his head and died. One
man (29 yrs) was injured in his head and one man (36yrs) was injured in his back.
Wu Yan village, After KIA attacked the pro-regime Lisu militia gate at
Waimaw
Wu Yan at 5 am, the Lisu militia troops shot randomly
into Wu Yan village, damaging a civilian car
Myitkyina
On 1 Feb, there was a bomb explosion at Lay Kone po- 1 boy shot deadlice station in Myitkyina. After that, the regime military shot randomly at civilian houses, killing a 7-yearold boy Mg. Bone Khant Htay, who was sleeping in his
home. He was shot in his chest.
Seng Hpra village, A man Chin Lay Sin Sar (41 yrs) disabled in his right 1 man shot deadHpakant
leg, from Seng Hpra village, and a Rakhine man (65yrs) were staying and working at Chin Lay Sin Sar’s
hill farm near Seng Hpra. On 3 Feb fighting broke between SAC ID 33 troops and the KIA near the farm.
On 4 Feb, at about 8 am the SAC troops suddenly approached the farm, and the two men fled in different
directions, but as Chin Lay Sin Sar was disabled, he
could not run fast. That afternoon the Rakhine manarrived at Chin Lay Sin Sar’s home and told his family
what had happened, but due to the ongoing fighting
they could not search for Chin Lay Sin Sar till 10 Feb.
On that day, they found his body. He had been shotin the head and buried at his farm. There were alsobodies of 4 SAC soldiers buried there, who appeared
to have been shot later by the KIA.
Hpak Ma village, At 8 pm on 15, Feb, 2022, joint forces of KIA and PDF 1 man, 1 woman
Putao
fought against regime troops of IB 46, which were sta- shot deadtioned at Hpak Ma village. A newly married couple
were trying to escape the village by motorbike, when
they were shot dead on the road. The husband, Ngur
Zi Tar (23 yrs) was shot in his belly and leg. His wife,
Jar Li Dwi (20 yrs), was shot in the chest. The nextmorning, the husband’s brother and village headmanwent to collect the dead bodies, and were told by a
SAC soldier that they were shot by SAC because they
did not stop their motorbike.
Wa Wang village, On 17 Feb, KIA and regime troops of LIB 437 fought 1 man injured
Momauknear Wa Wang village and Hka Nan quarter 3, Momauk at noon. At that time, a man U Naing Awng (50yrs) from Momauk went to Wa Wang village to collectsome wood. On the way to Wa Wang, the man was
shot and injured in his head by regime troops and had
to be treated at Bhamo public hospital.
23

18 Feb, 2022

		

Momauk town

On 18 Feb 2022, two men, Lahpai La Pa (37 yrs) and 2 men shot deadGareng Ting Nan (55 yrs) were returning from Bhamo
to their homes in Momauk at 9 pm. When they cameclose to the LIB 437 Momauk military base, a Burma
Army soldier shot at them, injuring them fatally. Lahpai La Pa was shot in the mouth and Gareng Ting Nan
was shot in the eye. That night the military sent theirdead bodies to the Momauk public hospital.

4.
Detailed list of arbitrary arrests, torture, use of civilians as forced labour and human shields
by SAC troops
Date
Location
Details
No. arrested, tortured
Early Nov, 2021 Sani Tu Yang 6 IDPs returning to look after their animals were ar- 6 men arrested, used asvillage, Ing- rested by 100 regime troops and forced to clear bush- forced labour
jangyang
es for one hour
25 Nov, 2021
Pauk
Kone Military and police arrested 1 man, Naw Naw, and 1 man and his parents
quarter, Bha- his parents, accusing them of supporting PDF. The arrested
mo town
next day, the parents were released, but Naw Naw
was detained at Bhamo police station
25 Nov, 2021
Han Te quar- A man, Brang San Awng, was arrested at his home, 1 man arrestedter,
Bhamo and accused of supporting the PDF. He was taken totown
Bhamo police station.
28 Nov, 2021
10 Mile vil- At about 4 pm, regime troops in 2 civilian cars came 2 men, 1 woman arrestlage, Myitky- to the homes of 2 men (both 39 yrs) and 1 woman ed and beatenina(31 yrs), and arrested them on charges of supporting
the PDF and KIA. They were taken to the IB 37 basein Myitkyina, where they were beaten with guns andsticks, to force them to admit to being KIA and PDF
members. One man, Naw San (39 yrs), was beaten
so severely that 2 ribs were cracked. The woman (atomboy) was also beaten all over her body with agun, before the troops found out she was a woman
and stopped. At 9 pm, all 3 were released, following
the intervention of the Peace-talk Creation Group(PCG).
28 Nov, 2021
M o m a u k Troops of LIB 437 arrested 6 male villagers and used 6 men used as human
townthem as human shields to walk from Chye Nan quar- shields
ter to Momauk high school, which took about one
hour, after which they were released
1 Dec, 2021
Bhamo town SAC military arrested 4 men (Myo Min Ko, Hpyo 4 men arrested
Pyar, Shaw Kalay and 1 other) from their homes.
Their whereabouts are unknown24

4 Dec, 2021

12 Dec, 2021

13 Dec, 2021
14 Dec, 2021
19 Dec, 2021
3 Jan, 2022

Lung Ja vil- About 80 SAC soldiers from the LIB 437 base in Mo- 6 women and 5 men arlage, Momauk mauk arrested 11 villagers (6 women and 5 men) on rested
their way to their farms near Lung Ja village. About
50 troops took the men with them as human shields
to near Lung Ja mountain, and 30 troops ordered
the women to walk between them as human shields
back to Momauk town, where they were released.
The men spent the night near Lung Ja mountain, andthen had to walk back with the troops to Momauk,
where they were released.
Putao
Regime troops arrested a man (27 yrs), accusing him 1 man arrested and torof being a PDF member. When his family members tured
were allowed to see him, they saw signs of torture on
his face, head and body. He has been imprisoned in
Putao Jail under Article 17/1.
Putao
Regime troops arrested a man (30 yrs) and detained 1 man arrested
him for one night at Putao police station before releasing him.
Wa s h a w n g , Regime troops of IB 58 arrested a villager (30 yrs) 1 man arrested
Waimawin the morning market, accusing him of links to the
KIA. His whereabouts are unknown.
Putao
Regime troops arrested Nang Sin, a Putao GAD of- 1 woman arrested
fice staff member, on charges of being linked to the
PDF.
Naw
Mung A male youth, Ram Sing, was arrested by regime 1 man arrested
village, Putao troops at Naw Mung, under a warrant for having
participated in a prayer ceremony “To get Justicefor Myanmar” on 3 March, 2021. On Jan 6, 2022, he
was charged under Article 505 (b) and imprisonedin Putao Jail.

25

4 Jan, 2022

7 Jan, 2022
8 Jan, 2022
7 Mar, 2022

28 Mar, 2022

26

Kap Maw Zup About 80 regime troops from ID 33 based in Hpa- 10 men arrested: 8 usedvillage, Hpa- kant were walking to Kamaing when they were at- as human shields; 2 torkant
tacked by the KIA near Seng Hpra village at 9:49 tured
am. The regime troops then arrested 8 villagers (6men from Seng Hpra and 2 from Kap Maw Zup)
who were working on their farms, and used them as
human shields along the way. After one hour, when
they reached Nam Ya village, the troops interrogated the villagers about laying of landmines and thenreleased them. At that time two other villagers, Zau
Mung Ra (19 yrs) from Seng Hpra village and Yaw
Han (38 yrs) from Kap Maw Zup village, were arrested while going to collect charcoal on the way to Nam
Ya. The troops kicked and beat them, asking them
who had laid landmines. They were released at 7 pm,
only after local community leaders went to vouch
for them at the Nam Ya militia post. Yaw Han had
serious head injuries, and was treated at Myitkyina
hospital the next morning.
Bhamo town A female school teacher, Daw Ei Lin Khine, was 1 woman arrested
arrested by the military and accused of joining the
CDM.
Wu Yan vil- After KIA attacked the pro-regime Lisu militia gate 1 man arrested
lage, Waimaw at Wu Yan at 5 am, the Lisu militia troops arrested amale civilian from Wu Yan.
Sum Pyi Yang On March 3, SAC troops moved into Sum Pyi Yang 2 men arrested
village, Putao village, staying in civilians’ houses. On March 7, twomale villagers, Seng Awng (25 yrs) and Sin Wa naw(39 yrs) who had fled to the jungle, returned home
to take some food. The SAC troops arrested and detained them for one night in the village. The nextmorning the troops released them, threatening toshoot them dead if they returned.
Bhamo town On 28 Mar, at 10 am, two military cars and a police 1 man arrested and torcar were attacked with bombs by Bhamo PDF near tured
Robert IDP camp, Bhamo. After this, a male IDP (29yrs) was going to a motorbike repair shop, when hewas stopped by military and police beside the camp.
He was kicked and slapped in the head and body, andquestioned about the bomb. He was was then taken to
Bhamo police station, where was again interrogatedand beaten by about 5 soldiers. After about an hour,
they covered his face with cloth and drove him toanother location where he was again questioned by asoldier, and beaten with guns and sticks for an hour.
In the evening, they drove him back to the Bhamo
police station, from where the IDP camp leader andhis family members called him back home.

30 Mar, 2022

5.

Sinli Kawngra During fighting between about 100 SAC troops of ID 3 men used as humanvillage, Namtu 101 and KIA in Sinli Kawng Ra village on Mar 28 and shields
30, most villagers fled to the jungle or to Namtu KBC
church, but 3 male villagers, Pau Sa Naw Ja, Nhkum
Naw Tawng, and Labya Naw Lar, who were staying
to look after their homes, were arrested on March 30
and forced to walk between the SAC troops to the
Namtu military camp. They were released the nextday.

Details of attempted rape by Burma Army soldier in Kutkai

Survivor’s Name: 			
Lum Mai (not real name)
Age: 					50 yrs.
Incident date: 				12 April 2022
Incident location: 			
Outside survivor’s house, Hu Nawng village, Kutkai
Perpetrator: 				Soldier from LIB 336
Between midnight of April 10 and 2 am of April 11, 2022, a convoy of about 40 military trucks travelled from
Kutkai to Muse. On the way, there was a bomb attack on the convoy at the head of Hu Nawng village (about 10
kilometers north of Kutkai). After this, early in the morning of April 11, about 20 troops of LIB 336 moved into
Hu Nawng village to take security around the village, camping in two villagers’ houses. LIB 336 is based in Pekhon
township, under the Eastern Regional Command, and has been providing security along the Kutkai-Muse highway, setting up a temporary camp in Nam Gut village (on the highway about 1 ½ kilometers south of Hu Nawng).
The survivor Lum Mai lives with her husband in Hu Nawng village. She has two children, who do not stay at Hu
Nawng village. On the day of the incident, the survivor’s husband had gone to another village to attend a house
opening ceremony.
On 12 April, at about 8:30 am, Lum Mai went to help in the nearby garden of her elder brother, who is the village
head of Hu Nawng. However, that morning he had to go out on urgent business, so Lum Mai changed her plan
to help with the gardening to the next day and she returned home at 9 am. It is about a 10-minute walk from herhome to her brother’s home.
As she was walking home, she noticed a Burma Army soldier following her, so she quickened her pace and enteredher compound. The soldier was in uniform and carrying a gun, and was about 30 years old. When she entered hercompound, the soldier followed her and asked her “What have you put in your bag?” She said “Nothing.” After
that, the soldier grabbed her and began groping her body sexually. She was terrified and began shouting. The soldier then hit her in the head and body with his fists.
Her younger brother’s garden was beside her home, about 200 feet away. At that time her younger brother and his
17-year-old son were repairing a garden fence. When they heard her shouts, the father said to his son, “Go andlook, maybe someone’s been bitten by a dog.” The son went to Lum Mai’s house and saw the soldier beating her inthe head, and also starting to choke her neck. When the soldier saw the boy, he threatened him with his gun, thenleft in the direction of where his unit was camped in the village. The boy rushed back to his father and told him
what he had seen.

27

The father was quick-thinking, and realized he needed to identify the perpetrator, so he took a short cut to where
the soldier was taking security. He saw the commander asking the perpetrator “Where did you go? Why didn’t you
stay here?” The commander then beat him once. Neither of them saw the survivor’s younger brother, who went
back home, fearing that if he challenged the soldier straight away he might be attacked.
When he got back home, he called the village head, the survivor, and other villagers. At about 10 am, they went
to where the soldiers were camped in the village and met with the commander. The commander ordered all his
soldiers to stand in a row and asked the survivor to identify the perpetrator. Even though the perpetrator had
removed the sweater he was wearing at the time of the incident, the survivor was able to identify him. The commander said “We will take action,” and the perpetrator was then tied to a tree.
After that, all the villagers went back home. At about 11 am the commander and two other soldiers went to thesurvivor’s younger brother’s house. The commander apologized by kneeling down 3 times, and gave the survivor
100,000 MMK for medical treatment. She had lost hearing from the blows to her head, and had difficulty swallowing food due to the choking of her neck. After this, the commander and his men returned back to their campin the village.
The survivor’s younger brother had meanwhile gone and reported the case to local women leaders. At about 3 pmthat day, the head of a women’s cultural group and other CSO women leaders went together with the village head tothe commander to discuss the case. At that time, the villagers did not see the perpetrator tied to the tree. The commander said the perpetrator’s name was Bwe Tin Khai and that he had just returned from Thantlang, Chin State.
In the evening, at about 5 pm, some villagers and members of the women’s group went to the survivor’s house andtook a photo of the incident place. When they were there, they heard the sound of three gunshots from the direction of where the soldiers were camped, so they quickly returned home. They later learned that the perpetrator had
shot three of his fellow soldiers and then run away with a gun.
The next morning, on 13 April, the village head and the other soldiers cremated the three dead soldiers and buried
their bodies.
In the afternoon of 13 April, the troops left Hu Nawng and returned to Nam Gut village. That evening, the troops
found the perpetrator in the jungle near Nam Gut village and shot him dead. The commander then ordered the
Nam Gut villagers to bury the dead body.
On 14 April, the commander phoned the village head and asked to meet at 11 am. The troops then went again to
Hu Nawng village and gave 500,000 MMK as further compensation for the case. After that, they went back to Nam
Gut village.
On 20 April, a Burma Army officer called the survivor, village head and witness to the IB 45 military camp at Kutkai, and interrogated them about the case from 8 am to 4 pm. After that, they were told that the information would
be sent to the Division level.

28			Contact
Email:

kwat.office@gmail.com

Website:kachinwomen.com

Facebook:

Kachin Women’s Association Thailand - KWAT

Mobile:+66(0) 89 755 9892

29