Agile Everywhere
Consultant
www.crisp.se

Climate guy

Lean Forum keynote
Gothenburg, Oct 2018

Henrik Kniberg
henrik.kniberg@crisp.se@HenrikKniberg

Dad

Organizational coach& Change Instigator
AuthorWhat’s going on?
Agile Leadership!

Agile ProductDevelopment!
Agile Scaling!

Agile Procurement!

Agile Education!

Agile HR!
Agile Contracting!
Agile Portfolio
Management!

Henrik Kniberg

Agile budgeting!
Agile Hardware!

ScrumStory points

Retrospective

Definition ofDone
Cross-functional
team

CadenceContinuous
Integration

WIP limits
SprintScrum Master

Velocity

User stories

TDD
Pair
programmingXP

Daily standupHenrik Kniberg

Value stream
mappingHow I stumbled
into this00:49

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Common approach

Req
DesignDevelopment

Henrik Kniberg

Test

Waterfall
Req

How thecustomer
explained it
Henrik Kniberg

Design!#@WTF?

Development

How theProject
Leaderunderstood it

How theanalystdesigned it?

Test

How theprogrammer
wrote it

What thecustomerreally needed

There must bea better way!

Henrik Kniberg

Waterfall
Req
DesignAgile

Development

Req

Req

Req

Req

DesignDesignDesignDesignDevelopment

Development

Development

Development

Test

Test

Test

Test

Henrik Kniberg

TestScrum!
Agile!

Scrum!
Agile!
Agile!

Agile!

Agile!
Scrum!

Henrik Kniberg

Image credit:
freevectors.com

OK.
Agile seems to work.
But why?
00:49

Predictive process = cannon ballAssumptions:• The customers knows what they need
• The teams know how to deliver it• Few things change along the way

Henrik Kniberg

Adaptive process = homing missile

Assumptions:• The customer discovers what they need
• The teams discover how to deliver it• Many things change along the way

Henrik Kniberg

Agile ”umbrella” –a family of iterative, incremental frameworks

SAFe / LeSS / etc

XPSAFeScrum
KanbanHenrik Kniberg

DevOpsContinuous
DeliveryDesignSprints

Agile team =stable, small, cross-functional, self-organizing, preferably co-locatedHenrik Kniberg

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What about Lean?

00:49

AgileA bunch of great ideas
from software people

Henrik Kniberg

Lean

A bunch of great insightsfrom a car company

Henrik Kniberg

Lean

Henrik Kniberg

Agile

Lean

Henrik Kniberg

AgileLean & Agile are siblings

Fast feedback

How can wedeliver faster &better &cheaper?

....

Systems Th inking

Lean

Agile

Customer Value!
Henrik Kniberg

Customer focusoustinunoC

entovemrpim

How can wediscover what ourcustomers need?

Henrik Kniberg

Pitfalls

00:49

Beware of Tool Misuse
If all you have is a hammer,
everything looks like a nailAbraham Maslow

Henrik Kniberg

Variability isn’t always a bad thing

100% predictability = 0% innovation
Focus onInnovation

Henrik Kniberg

Focus onPredictability

Misguided
Lean
Solving thewrong problem
Revealing theright problem

Henrik Kniberg

Photo: http://leanactionplan.pl/o-nas/artykuly_lean/Lean-Office;183.html

Unvalidated decisions = Inventory
Ideas

Features

Unvalidateddecision!

Henrik Kniberg

Next 10features

DevelopmentSystem
test

Unvalidated
decision!

User
acceptancetestProduction

Why is Agilespreading sofast?
00:49

Why is agile spreading so fast?
Unclear/unstable

Agile is optimized
for this!

Complex

What todeliver

Clear & stable

SimpleClear & stable

Henrik Kniberg

How todeliver it

Unclear/unstable

Henrik Kniberg≈250 people involved
4 years to first public
releaseShut down after 2
years of operation

Henrik Kniberg

LegoUniverse

Lego Universe Spider Cave

Brian Tyler

Henrik Kniberg

Built by 1-2 people
6 days to first public release> 100 releases within first year
$80 million revenue withinfirst 15 months
Sold to MS for $2.5 Billion!

Henrik Kniberg

Super Beautiful!
Kinda fun.
Low revenue.

4 years of development – 1000 man years!

Dead!
2 years later...
LegoUniverse

Beautiful enough.
SUPER fun!
LOTS of revenue!
Ugly, kinda fun.

Few days ofdevelopment

Henrik Kniberg

100s of releases....

Fame & Glory &Riches & Happy players!

The role of copy-paste
Spotify Engineering Culture (a.k.a. “The Spotify Model”)

Henrik Kniberg

2 minute standup discussion

Is it a good idea to copy-paste
another company’s way of working?
2mins

Henrik Kniberg

EndThe role of copy-paste

CopyCopy

Spotify Engineering Culture (a.k.a. “The Spotify Model”)

Henrik Kniberg

Paste
Paste

Adapt

Is Agile a silver
bullet?
00:49

Goal: Kick the ballout of my tent

89:30
5 SCORE 1

Henrik Kniberg

Goal: Collaborate
to win the game!

Image & metaphor credit: Niclas Modig

Agile outside IT

00:49

Agile is spreading fast
Agile indevelopment & IT
Agile in otherindustries &departments
EarlyMajority

Innovators

Henrik Kniberg

EarlyAdopters

Latemajority

Laggards

Agile Manifesto
www.agilemanifesto.org
We are uncovering better ways of developing
software by doing it and helping others do it.
Through this work we have come to value:

Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Working software
solutions over comprehensive documentation
products
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
Responding to change
feedback over following a plan
That is, while there is value in the items on
the right, we value the items on the left more.
45Henrik Kniberg

JAS 39E Saab Gripen

Agile practices implemented at every level and inevery discipline: software, hardware and fuselage
design.

Pilots on the same site as
development teams.
Direct feedback provided
every sprint.

1500 people, allco-located in
Linköping, Sweden.

Sources:• http://www.stratpost.com/gripen-operational-cost-lowest-of-all-western-fighters-janes• Personal visit to SAAB Linköping
• Research paper “Owning the Sky with Agile”

Henrik Kniberg

World’s most cost-effective
military aircraft($4700 Cost per Flight Hour)

Compared to F35 joint strike fighter,
Gripen 39E has:
• 50x lower development cost!
• 10x lower unit cost!

47Henrik Kniberg

Recruitment teamHenrik Kniberg

Recruitment teamHenrik Kniberg

Scrum restaurant

Riccardo Mariti & Henrik Kniberg

Riccardo Mariti & Henrik Kniberg

Riccardo Mariti & Henrik Kniberg

Riccardo Mariti & Henrik Kniberg

Riccardo Mariti & Henrik Kniberg

Riccardo Mariti & Henrik Kniberg

Riccardo Mariti & Henrik Kniberg

ShiftsJob
functions

Riccardo Mariti & Henrik Kniberg

Riccardo Mariti & Henrik Kniberg

The story ofRobbit00:49

RobbitHenrik Kniberg

Henrik Kniberg

2 kids & rookies with very
little robot experience...

Henrik Kniberg... vs ten teams ofadult geeks andprogrammers

Step 1: Set a clear goal (define “success”)

Let’s build a robotthat at least can put
a fight....
No! We’re going
to WIN!

Henrik Kniberg

AgileHenrik Kniberg

Step 2: Build a Minimum Viable Robot(Earliest Testable Robot)

Henrik Kniberg

Aim for the clouds,
but deliver and test in small steps

Can stayin the ring

Henrik Kniberg

Can findopponent

Step 3: Build an opponent to practice againstHenrik Kniberg

Field test, Field test, Field test
Can win matchagainst a static
opponent
Can budge
opponent
Can get toopponent

Can stayin the ring

Henrik Kniberg

Can findopponentAim for the clouds,
but deliver and test in small steps

Can win matchagainst a static
opponent

Can budge
opponent
Can get to
opponent

Can stayin the ring

Henrik Kniberg

Can findopponent

Lifter? Or no lifter?

Hypothesis:- Mechanical Lifter can help us win
Experiment:- Build a simple lifter and try
Learning:- Works as designed...
- But too weak to lift opponent- ... so it doesn’t help us win!
Options:- Keep it cuz it’s cool (who needs to win anyway)- Improve it- Remove it, try a different approach
Henrik Kniberg

Simpler was better

Henrik Kniberg

Field testing =Success by
100 failures

Henrik Kniberg

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How could they win?
Building skill? No.
Programming skills? No.
Luck? Partly, but not entirely.

1) Clear goal
2) Low self-confidence3) Emergent design4) LOTS of field testing!
Henrik Kniberg

Henrik Kniberg

4 years to revolutionize space travel

Henrik Kniberg

The Biggest
Problem in theWorld
00:49

Lean + Agile can be a super power!
How will you use it?

Henrik Kniberg

The Biggest Problem In The World!

Henrik Kniberg

Radical innovation needed

Carbon capture & storage

Energy production & storage

Transportation

Henrik Kniberg

AgricultureRoll-out solar panels

Concrete Battery

Henrik Kniberg

Henrik Kniberg

Thank you!

LeanHenrik Kniberg

Agile