fJ -lr"'~i..~~~-~·ic.f
Transactions and ProceedinJ;!sof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New Series

No. 46

Palaeontological Society of Japan
June lOth, 1962

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
Page

427.
428.
429.

Lower Carboniferous Bryozoa from the Hikoroichi Series, Japan .......... .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sumio SAKAGAl\11
On the Occurrence of Nippononaia in the Late l\Iesozoic Tetori Group ...

227. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shiro MAEDA

243

A New Species of Terebratalia from the Oligocene Sari Sandstone in the
Karatsu Coal Field of Northeastern Kyushu, Japan ........... Eiji 1:-;ouE 249

430.

l\legafossils from near Higashi·:\latsuyama City, Saitama Prefecture. japan .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kotora HAT AI and Koichiro MASUfH 25-!

431.

Die sogenannte "Ficus" tiliaefolia (AI. BR.) HEER ........................ .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kiyoshi TAKAHASHI und Jkuo 0BATA

263

SHORT NOTE
9.

Two New Gastropod Genera. Nmmoturritella and Hentlzodap/me. from japan .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Katura OYAMA

272

President: Teiichi KOBAYASHI
Councillors: Kiyoshi ASA!\0 (Editor of "Fossils"), Riuji ENilO (Planning). Haruyoshi
FUJII\IOTO, Shoshiro HANZAWA, Wataru I-IASJU:v!OTO (Treasurer), Kotora HATAI,
Ichiro HAYASAKA, Koichiro ICHIKAWA, Nobuo lKEBE, Teiichi KoBA YASIIl,
Tatsuro MATSUMOTO, Masao MINATO. Tokio SHIKA).IA (General Affairs), Fuyuji
TAKA! (Editor), Ryuzo TORIYAMA
Secretary: Tetsuro I-lANAI
Assistant Secretary:

Takeo ICHIKAwA

All Communications relating to this Journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Japan

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. N. S .. No. 46, pp. 227-~42. Pis. 35-37. June 10. 1962

·127.

LOWER CARBONIFEROUS BRYOZOA FROl\I THE
HIKOROICHI SERIES, JAPAN*
SE\HO SAKAGAi'vll
Department of Geology, Hokk<.ido Gakugei Uni\·ersity

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Introduction and Acknowledgements
The Hikoroichi Series distributednear and in the vicinity of Hikoroichi.
Ofunato City, 1\itakami massif. northeastern Japan is well known because of
the yield of its Etroeungtian fauna.
Among the fauna little has been kno\vnof the Bryozoa. and in this article somebryozoan fossils are described from three
localities which are shown in the Textfig. l. !\!any bryozoans from Choanji
and Iliguchizawa occur in association\Vith abundant brachiopods. corals. crinoids. gastropods and trilobites whichwere already described or reported by l\1.
OKUBO (1951). l\1. \li:\ATO et a!. (1953)
and others who have also worked on thestratigraphy of the area. The bryozoans
from Sakamotozawa are rather few inindividual member and rarely associatedwith other fossils.
The writer here records his gratituds
to Drs. l\'1. K. ELIAS and T. G. PERRY of
the United States of America. Drs. V. P.
NEKHOROSHEV, V. B. TRIZNA, G. G. AsTROVA and l. R. :tv1oROZOVA of U.S.S.R.

Text-fig. 1. 1\Iap showing the localitiesof the Hikoroichian Bryozoa. a: Sakamoto·zawa, b: Higuchizawa, c: Choanji.

for their kindness in sending the necessary literatures. The writer also wishes
to express his thanks to Prof. llaruyoshi
FUJE\IOT<) of the Yamagata University,
Prof. Teiichi KOBAYASHI of lhe Tokyo* ReceiYed :\"oy. 6. 1961 :read Nov. 18. 1961.
227

228

Sumio SAKAGAMI

University. Prof. \Vataru HASHI:">IOTO of
the Tokyo University of Education andProf. Kotara HATAI of the Tohoku Uni·
versity for their kind advices and en·couragements.
All of the specimens treated in thepresent article are preserved in the col·lection of the Department of Geology.
Hakodate school of the Hokkaido Gakugei
University.
Remarks on the Bryozoan Fauna
Abundant bryozoans were found ina bluish black slate but the majo:-!ty ofthem are weathered and ill-preserved,
therefore, the ones described in the pre·sent article comprise only a part of them.
The writer discriminated the following 21 species distributed among 12
genera from the Hikoroichi Series,
namely:Choanji:
Fistulipora sp. indet.
Cheilotrypa choanjiensis SAKAGAMr, n. sp.
11leekopora cf. approximata Uuucrr
Fenestella sokolsflayae SHULGA·NESTERENKO
Rltombopora exigua ULRICH
Rhombopora sp. indet. A
Streblotr:ypella amicula SAKAGAMI, n. sp.

Higuchizawa:Fenestella aff. cribriformis (CROCKFORD)
Fenestella buguniensis lziguchizawaensis
SAKAGAMI, n. subsp.
Fenestella hikoroichiensis SAKAGAMr, n. sp.
Fenestrellina japonica SAKAGAMI. n. sp.
Pemziretepora dec01·a SAJ\AGA'.II, n. sp.
Pemziretepora sp. indet.
Nematopora sp. indet.
Rlzombopora sp. indet. B

Sakamotozawa :Leioclema kobayashii SAKAGA'-!1, n. sp.
Frmestella crassistereoma SAKAGA'.!I, n. sp.
Fenestella ofzmatoensis SAKAGAliii, n. sp.
Polypora polyclada SAKAGA'-11. n. sp.
Acanthocladia peculiaris SAKAGA;I.!I, n. sp.
Rhombopora sp. indct. B

Streblotrypella sp. indet.

The three localities mentioned above
are considered to correspond to about thesame stratigraphic horizon, even though,the bryozoan assemblages have different
compositions.
From the generic assemblage of thebryozoans. the present fauna seems to be
somewhat different from those of Soviet
Russia and the United States of America.
for;example, the genus 1Vematopora occurs
from the lower Carboniferous of Russia
but not from that of the United Statesof America. and the genus Cheilofl~vpa
which is known only from the UnitedStates of America has not been recorded
from Soviet Russia.
Among the 21 species discriminatedfrom the bryozoan specimens. 11 species
are new (one is new subspecies) to sci·ence. six are indeterminable. two are
identical with previously known foreign
species and two show resemblance withknown forms.
Fenestella .~okolslwyae from Choanji
resembles the type specimen reported
from the upper Tournaisian* of theRussian Platform. Rlzombopora exigua
ULRICH from Choanji was described ori·ginally from the Burlington Group of theUnited States of America and reported
from the upper Tournaisian of Kazakh·
stan, Russia. k!eekopora cf. appmximata
and Fenestellrt aff. cribr(formis seem tobe related to the named species. M. at·
proximata was reported from the Chester
Group of the United States of America
and from the uppermost Tournaisian of
Russia, and Fenestella cribriformis wasrecorded from near the base of the lower
Kuttung Series. The other species des·cribed as new are more or less related* The Etroeungtian is not used by the
Russian geologists, and the Tournaisian in·
dicatcs the lowest Carboniferous in Russia.

427.

Lower Carboniferous Bryozoa

to some previously known North Arne·
rican or Russian species.
From the above mentioned features.
it is concluded that the Hikoroichianbryozoan fauna is related to the North
American fauna. l~ussian and Australianfaunas.
Description of Species

Genus Fistulipora M'COY. 1850
Fistulipora sp. indet.
Plate 35. figure 2.

A single longitudinal section. Zoarium probably laminar. its thickness about
1.5mm. Diameter of zooecial tube 0.18mm
to 0.2lmm in inner zone of zoarium. butlarger near surface. being 0.27 mm to0.30 mm in diameter. Vesicular tissue
generally longitudinally elongated andquadrilateral in section; one to two rowsof vesicles occur in interspace between
zooecial tubes. No diaphragms observed.
Lunarium very weak.
Remar/~s :-The present form is only
one belonging to the genus Fistulipora in
the Hikoroichi bryozoan fauna.
The
specific decision must wait until a larger
number of specimens accumulate.
Locality :-Choanji.
Reg. no. 11011-A.
Genus Cheilotrypa ULRICH, 1884
Cheilotrypa chomzjiensis SAKAGA'.II,
new species229

of zoarium an angle of about 90". Zooecial tube in tangential section oval inshape. its larger diameter 0.'18 mm to0.52 mm and shorter diameter 0.32 mm to0.36 mm. Apertures usually arranged inregular diagonal rows. three aperturesin 2 mm along one row. Interspace be·t\veen zooecial tubes filled by well deve·
loped vesicular tissue which is scale-likeor rounded quadrilateral in longitudinal
section and irregular polygonal in tan·gential section, 0.16 mm to 0.24 mm indiameter. One to three rows of vesicles
in interspace between zooecial tubes.
Lunaria moderate. occupying about one
third of zooecial circumference. Usuallyattached at proximal side of zooecial
tubes. Thickness of Junarium 0.10 mm
to 0.11 mm in maximum. Usually nodark fibrous tissue covering vesicular
tissue. Diaphragms in irregular spaces;
narrowest space between diaphragms
0.2mm. no diaphragms in some tubes.
Remarlls :-ELIAS (1957. p. 395) showedthat in Cheilotrypa the number of aper·tures per 2 mm and the ratio of axial tube
to diameter becomes larger from the De·
vonian species to the upper Mississippian.
The present form is nearest to Cheilotrypa
distans ELIAS which was reported fromthe Redoak Hollow formation (upper
Mississippian) of Oklahoma in the above
mentioned measurements. However. thepresent form differs from the ELIAS's
species by the larger diameters of zoarium and of axial tube.
Locality :-Choanji.
Reg. no. 11002.

Plate 35, figures 3-5.

Only one specimen in a thin section.
Zoarium ramose and branching with anaxial tube about 0.8 mm. Ratio of axial
tube to diameter 1 : 3.5 to 1 : 4. Zooecial
tubes run for a short distance along contact with axial tube, but curve gradually outward, forming with outer surface

Genus Meekopora Uuncn, 1889
J1Ieekopora cf. approximata ULRICH
Plate 35, figure L
1890 1lfeekopora approximata, ULRICII, Geol.
Sitn'. Ill .. Vol. VIII. p. 484, pl. LXXVII.
fig. 5.

Sumio S.{K.4GAM T

Aleekopnra approxinuJ/a. NEKHOROSHEV,
Tmd_v VSEGEJ, New Ser., Vol. 13, p.
103, pl. 6. fig. 6, text figs. lla, b.
1958 Meekopnra approximuta, TRIZ:-.JA. Trudy
VN!GRI. No. 122. pp. 47. 48, pl. V, figs.

1956

1, 2: pl. VI. fig. 2.

Zoarium bifoliate. growing irregular·ly as thin expansion, about 1.5 mm inthickness. 1vledian laminae forming arugosely wrinkled plane. Zooecium tub·Jar, proximally parallel to mesotheca,
making large angle in mature region.
oblique. subcircular in tangential section
and about seven in 3 mm along thinsection. Diameter of zooecial tube 0.18
mm to 0.24 mm.
lnterspaces between
zooecial tubes filled by vesicular tissue.
which is rounded quadrilateral in longi·
tudinal section. Arrangement of vesicles
rather irregular. Dense tissue cover on
surface Jacking or extremely thin. Dia·
phragms may occur at intervals as zooe·
cia! diameter but indistinct.
Remarhs :-Meekopora
apjJroximata
ULRICH which was reported originallyfrom the Chester Group of the CnitedStates of America has also been recorded
from the low·er Fominskian (uppermost
Tournaisian} and the Verkhotomskian(upper Visean) by the Russian studenLs.
The original illustration by t:LRICI!
(1890) which is a single surface specimen
cannot be compared accurately with thepresent form by thin sect ion.
One of the most important charactersof M. approximata is the presence of themedian laminae forming a rugosely\Hinkled plane and the closely approx·
imated apertures. thickness of zoariumand diameter of zooecial aperture and so
the present form may belong to ,H. aP·
proximal a.
Among the Russian forms belonging
to M. approximata, TRIZNA's form whichfrom the Lower Fominskian of the Kuzu·
netz basin most resembles the present

form in the general characters except
for the slightly coarser vesicular tissue.
Locality :-Choanji.
Reg. no. ll010.
Genus Leiodema ULRICH, 1882

Leiodema kobayashii SAKAGA\11,
new species
Plate 36, figures 3, ,1, text-figure 2

Zoarium consisting of cylindricalstem, 2.6 mm to 3.6 mm in diameter.
Zooecial tube circular but with somewhat
irregular margin. its diameter 0.21 mm
to 0.29 mm. Apertures usually arranged
in longitudinal intersecting rows, threeapertures in 2 mm along one row. Inner
margin of zooecial tubes near surface
developed of irregularly formed materials.
Zooecial tubes gently curved outward inimmature zone, but straight and opening
perpendicularly to surface in mature zone.

Text-fig. 2. Enlarged part of the tan·gential section near surface of Leiodema
kobayashii SAKAGA~ll. n. sp. a: Zooecium,b : Mesopores.

Intcrspaccs between zooecial tubes 0.32
mm to 0.40 mm. filled by many relatively
large mesopores. Mesopores with dia·phragms. relativeJ~r uniform; 0.06 mm to0.08 mm inmediater, varying in form,
round or polygonal with rounded corners.
Very thin. numerous diaphragms occur
in mesopores. developed at intervals about
equal to· diameter of mcsopore. Dia·
phragms in zooecial tubes nol observed.
1\linule acanthopores rarely developed.

427.

Lower Carboniferous Bryozoa

Remarks :-The present form is quite
unlike any previously described species
in its internal structure. Relatively large
branching stem, no diaphragm in thezooecial tube and acanthopore rarely developed may be important characters of
the present species.
The specific name is dedicated toProf. Teiichi KOBAYASHI of the Tokyo
University for his sincere guidance andencouragement.
Locality :-Sakamotozawa.
Reg. nos. 11151 (holotype\, 11153.
Genus Fenestella LONSDALE, 1839

Fenestella rrassistereoma SAKAG.-\\!1.
new species
Plate 37, figure 1, tcxt-ngure 3a.

Single specimen of a flat fragment
without proximal part. about 30 mm longand 30 mm wide, consisting of internalmold of zooecial chambers viewed fromreverse side. but, in part. external moldof obverse side observable. Branches
covered with very thick stereom. occupying medial and distal parts of found :straight. parallel and bifurcate infrequently. Width of branch wider than fenestrule. usually 0.27 mm to 0.29 mm.
before a bifurcation 0.36111111 to 0.40 rn111:
abo\·e. 0.18 mm to 0.22 mm. 22 to 24
branches in 10 111m. horizontal. Fenestrules oval to elongated elliptical in outline. its width and length 0.13 mm to0.19 mm and 0.30111111 to 0.3·1 mm. respecti\·ely. 21 in 10 mm length of branch.
Disscpi111ents relatively strong. Widthof dissepiment approximately one-halfthat o( branches. 0.14 mm to 0.16 mm.
Zooecial apertures circular, their diameter
about 0.06 mm. 22 to 23 in 5 mm lengthof one row. and almost perfectly stabilized position of aperture in relation todisscpiments. usually 2 apertures per
fenestrule. Interspaces between zooecial

2:napertures 0.11 mm to 0.14 mm. Outlineof zooecial chamber pentagonal at base.
Carina and nodes not observed accurately,
but about 25 in 5 mm length of branch.
In external mold of reverse, 5 to 7 fine,parallel striations developed along thelength of branch.
Meshu,ork formula .-22-24/21//22-23
jabt. 25.
Remarks:-The present form is ncar
to F(mestella taxa/a Sm;r.c;A-NESTERE:\KOfrom the Steshevskii horizon (q1) (lower
Carboniferous) of the Russian Platformin the meshwork formula, but can be
distinguished therefrom by the narrow\Vidth of fenestrule.
Very thickened
stereom is one of the most importantcharacters by which it is distinguishedfrom the previously described species.
The present form may be included in
the Group XIII (F. spinulosa Group)
established by ELIAS and CoNDRA !1957).
Locality :-Sakamotozawa.
Reg. no. 111 (surface specimen, bolotype).

Fem:stella aff. r-ribriformis (CROCKFORD)
Plate 37. figure 4, text-figure 3d.
1!J47

Fe nest rellina cribriformis, CROCKFORD,
Proc. Linn. Soc. c'i. S. IF.. Vol. lxxii. pts.
1-2, pp. 36, 37. text-fig. 48.

Surface specimen nearly flat fragment of weathered zoarium without proximal part. about 25 mm long and 15 mrnwide, consisting of internal mold of zooecial chambers viewed from reverse side.
Branches straight parallel. bifurcate atwide intervals. slightly narrower thanwidth of fenestrules. Width of branch
0.2'1 mm to 0.27 mm. below a bifurcation
about 0.!8 mm. 20 to 22 branches in
10 mm. Two rows of zooecia in a branch.
increase to three rows only immediately
before bifurcation. Fenestrules elongatedrectangular with rounded corners, their

232

Sumio S.--tK.·!GAl\11

D

d

J

._

J

e
Text-fig. 3. Sl>:etches of the surface specimens.

a-f:

a:
b:
c:
d:
c:
f:
g.

Internal molds of reverse sides. g: Internal mold of reverse side (upper part)and external mold of obverse side (lower part).
Feneslella crassislereoma S,\KAGA~Il. n. sp.
Fenestella hikoroiclzieusis SAK.-'\GA~II. n. sp.
Fenestrellina japo11ica SAKAG.-UII. n. sp.
Fenestrellina aff. cribrifonnis (CROCKFORD)
Fimestella bugzmie11sis higudzhau:aensis SAKAGAl\11, n. subsp.
Feueste/la sokolskayae SncLGA-XESTERE:-:KO
Penuiretepora de1:ora SAKAGA~Il. n. sp.

width and length 0.26 mm to 0.32 mm
and 0.6-1 mm to 0.80 mm. respectively. and
10 to 11 in lOmm length of branch. \Vidthof dissepiment relatively narrow. measures 0.11 mm to 0.14 mm. Zooecial apertures circular and small. their diameter
about 0.07mm measured on external mold,17 to 18 in 5 mm length of one row, usually 3 to 4 apertures per fenestrule. Interspaces between zooecial apertures 0.14mm
to 0.16 mm. Outline of zooecial chamber
pentagonal at base. Many fine parallel
striations developed along the length onreverse surface of branch. Nodes not427.

Lower Carboniferous Bryozoa

observed.
Meslzuwk formula:- 20-22/10-11/ I
17-18.
Remarks:- The present form agrees
with Fenestella cribriformis which CROCKFORD reported from the lower Kuttung
Series of New South Wales in the meshwork formula except for some differences
recognized in the delicate parts. Generally, the Australian form shows somevariations in the meshwork, but the present form is more regular in the arrangements. The preservation of present form
favors its reference to F. crihriformis
with affinity.
Locality :-Higuchizawa.
Reg. no. 101 (surface specimen l.

Fenestella sokolskayae SIIULGANESTERENKO
Plate 37. ligure 2, text-figure 31.
1951

Fenestel/a sokofskayae, S!ICLGA-NI·:sTER E:-iKO, Allad. Sauk SSSR .. Truc(r Paleont.
Ins!., Tom XX.\ll, pp. 109-110. pl. 22.
fig. ,1, text-fig. 43.

Surface specimen is a fragment ofweathered reverse side of zoarium without proximal part. 17 mm long and 13mm
wide. Zoarium flat. fan shaped, gradually
expanded to distal part. Branches bifurcate at intervals of about 6 mm to 7 mm.
Branches straight. parallel. about as wide
as fenestrules. Width of branch below
a bifurcation 0.:18 mm to 0.54 mm: above,
0.20 mm to 0.24 mm; it increases rapidly
above a bifurcation and soon attains awidth of 0.27 mm to 0.37 mm. 16 to 18
branches in 10 mm. Fenestrule ellipsoidal in outline. its width and length 0.2-!mm
to 0.37 mm and 0.40 mm to 0.56 mm. respectively. and 13 to 15 in 10 mm lengthof branch. Width of dissepiment 0.20mm
to 0.211 mm. Zooecial aperture circular,
about 0.13 mm measured in tangential
section of upper part of zooecium, 17 to

2:33

20 in 5 mm length of one row. usually
2.5 to 3 apertures per fenestrule. Outlineof zooecial chamber subpentagonal atbase, but sharply pentagonal at middle
level of branch.
Interspaces between
zooecial apertures about as wide as orslightly narrower than width of aperture.
Nodes not observed.
Meshwork formula:- 16-18/13-15/I
17-20.
Remarks :-The surface specimen isrepresented by only internal mold of
zooecial chambers viewed from the reverse side. Thus, the ornamentations ofboth sides and arrangement of zooecial
apertures are unknown. However. theinternal strucl ures and arrangement ofzooecial apertures near the surface canbe observed.
There is no question as to the identification of this species because theycoinside with the description and illustration by SHllLGA·NESTERE);KO (1951) of
the specimens from the Tschernyshinskii
horizon of the upper Tournaisian, Russian
Platform except for the slightly larger
zooecial aperture.
Locality :-Choanji.
Reg. no. 121 (.surface specimen·.

Fimestella ofunatoensis SAKAGA:\11.
new species
Plate 37. figure 9.

A single proximal part without initial portion. consisting of internal moldof zooecial chambers viewed from reverse
side. but in part, external mold of obyerse
side. Zoarium fan shaped, somewhat
concave from reverse side. Branches lax,
slender, bifurcate frequently at inten·alsof about 4mm to 6mm. ·width of branches usually 0.32 mm to 0.38 mm, before
a bifurcation 0.38 mm to 0.40 mm; above,
0.20 mm to 0.28 mm. Number of branches
in 10 mm 13 to 15, horizontally. Fenest-

234

Sumio SAKAGAMI

rules generally elongated rectangularwith rounded corners but frequently irregular in shape, their width and lengthvery variable, OAO mm to 1.0,1 mrn and1.20 mm and 2.6 mm. respectively, ·1 to 5
in 10 mm length of branch. Width of dissepiments 0.20 mm to 0.28 mm. Zooecial
apertures circular. their diameter about
0.13 mm, 17 to 19 in 5 mm length of one
row. Number of apertures per fenestrule
very variable. varying from 5 to 10. rarely
up to 12. lnterspaces between zooecial
apertures 0.13 mm to 0.16 mm. Outlineof zooecial chamber triangular or penta·
gonal at base. Carina and nodes notobserved.
J'leslucork formula :-13-15/4-5//1719.
Remarks :-The present form resembles F. oblongata KOENIG (1958) from the
Chouteau Group lthe age of this groupis considered by KOENIG to be Kinderhookian) in the form of zoarium andmeshwork formula. However, the present form differs from F. oblon{fala in
the ratio of branches and fenestrules in
10 mm. The Yariability of meshwork of
F. oblongata shown in his Table ,l (p. 133)
suggests that the ratio of branches andfenestrules in 10 mm is about 1: 2. but
the ratio of the present new form isabout 1 : 1. The present form also resembles F ha/ldws/iensis N EKHOIWSHEV (1213/5/ /16J from the lower Carboniferousof the northeastern part of Balkhasia inthe meshwork formula. but differs by
the wider branches.
Lowlily :-Sakamot<lZawa.
Reg. no. 112 (surface specimen).
Feuestella lzikoroichiensis SAKAGAI\II,ne\\. species
Plate 37, figure 7, text-figure 3b.

Surface specimen is flat fragment ofzoarium without proximal part, about

10 mm long and 13 mm wide, relatively
rapidly expanding growth form, consisting of internal mold of zooecial chambers
viewed from reverse side, but. in part,
external mold of obverse side observable.
Branches gently
curved(probablyfrom straight axial branch to both sides.
the right side broken off). Width ofbranch is narrower than fcnestrule, usually 0.29 mm to 0.32 mm. before a bifur·
cation about 0.40 mm; above. 0.24 mm to0.26 mm. Number of branches in 10mm
U to 15, horizontaL Fenestrules rectangular with rounded corners. their widthand length 0.38 mm to OA8 mm and 0.48
mm to 0.61 mm. respectively, and 12 to
H in 10 mm length of branch. Dissepi·
ment rather weak. 0.13 mm to 0.15 mm.
Zooecial apertures circular, and its diameter about 0.08 mm, li to 18 in 5 mm
length of one row. usually 2.5 to 3 apertures per fenestrule. lnterspaces between
zooecial apertures 0.11 mm to 0.13 mm.
Outline of zooecial chamber sharply
pentagonal at base. rounded pentagonalat middle to upper level of zooecial tube.
Carina and nodes not observed.
Meslnmrl~ formula:lcl-15/12-1"1/ /17-18.
Remarl?s :-In the meshwork formula.
the present form resembles some Russianand North American species, for example,
F. maximome TRIZNA (15.5-16/12-13/ I
16.5-17) and F. para/lela HALL in 1\.oE:-;IG(15-17 /12-14/ /15-20} and others. However. the present from differs apparently
from F. maximovae by the generally
wider fenestrule and from F. parallela in
KOEC\IG by the shorter length of fenest·
rules.
The more wider fenestrule thanthat of the branches is an importantcharacter of the new species.
Locality :-ll iguchiza wa.
Reg. no. 102 (surface specimen, halotype).

427.

Lower Cm·boniferous Bryozoa

2:35

Reg. no. 104 (surface specimen).

Fenestella buguniensis higuclrizaw({(msis
SAKAGAMI. new subspecies

Genus Fenestrellina o'ORBIGNY, 1849

Plate 37. figure 8, text·figure 3c.

Fenestrelli11a japrmica SAKAGAl\11,
new subspecies

Surface specimen is a ftat fragmentof zoarium without proximal part. 12 mmlong and 8 mm wide, consisting of inter·
nal mold of zooecial chambers viewed
from obverse side. but in part. shell ofobverse side attached. Branches straight.
robust, narrower than width of fenestrules. Width of branch about 0.10 mm.
In the only one bifurcated branchobserved. width below a bifurcation 0.72mm; abo,·e 0.32 mm to 0.36 mm. Numberof branches in 10 mm 11 to 12. horizon·tally. Fenestrule rectangular \Vith round·ed corners. its width and length 0.52 mm
to 0.68 mm and 1.12 mm to 1.32 mm. respectively. and 7 to 8 in 10 mm length ofbranch. Dissepiments rather weak. 0.16
mm to 0.18 mm. Zooecial apertures cir·cular. and their diameter 0.11 mm, 14 to 15
zooecia in 5 mm length of one row. usu·
ally .!.5 to 5 apenures per fenestrule.
Interspaces between zooecial apertures
about 0.2 mm. Outline of zooecial cham·ber triangular or pentagonal at base andmiddle level of zooecial tube. Carina
seem to be developed ; nodes not observed.
Jlles/m·ork formula :-11-12/7-8//14-

15.
Remarks :-The present form agrees
with F. bugunicnsis NIKIFOROVA fromthe lower Visean of Kara·Tai and fromthe lower Tournaisian of Kazakhstan
in the meshwork formula. however. it
differs from the Russian forms in thenumber of zooecia in 5 mm length of one
row and number of zooecia to each fene·
strule. and by the somewhat wider bran·ches and more regular fencstrules in sizeand form. Therefore. the present form
is considered to be a new subspecies.
Locality :-Higuchizawa.

Plate 37. ftgure 3. text-figure 3c.

A single fragment of zoarium with·out proximal part. flat about 20 mm longand 10 mm wide. consisting of internalmold of zooecial chambers viewed fromreverse side. but in part, external moldof obverse side observed. Branches lax.
slender. bifurcate frequently. sometimes
anastomosing. Width of branches rela·
tively uniform. 0.44 mm to 0.53 mm.
straight except for just above bifurcationor just before anastomosing; 5 to 6
branches in 10 mm. horizontally. Fenest·
rules surrounded by two dissepiments
usually elongated rectangular. fenestrules
surrounded by one dissepiment and bifurcated or anastomosed stem usually cion·gated pentagonal. and fenestrules sur·rounded by bifurcated and anastomosed
stems usually elongatedhexagonal.
Width of fenestrules varying from 0.93
mm to 1.68 mm, and length relatively
uniformed. 3.0 mm to 3.2 mm. Usually
3 fenestrules in 10 mm length of branch.
Width of dissepiments O.llmm to 0.15mm.
Zooecial apertures circular. their diameter
about 0.07 mm. 12 to 14 in 5 mm lengthof one row. Number of apertures per
fenestrule 7 to 15. lnterspaces between
zooecial apertures about 0.24 mm. Outlineof zooecial chamber strongly intersected,
trapezoidal or rectangular with rounded
corners at base. and it seems to arrange
at one row. Carina and nodes not observed.
Meslucork formula :-5-·6/3//12-14.
Remarks:-There was some confusion
between the genera Fe11estella Lo:--;snALE
and Fenestrellina n'ORBJG:"\Y untill apaper had been published by Co~nRA and236

Sumio SAKAGAMJELIAS (l95i) discussed thatthe branches and dissepiments are atuniform intervals in Fenestella but not
so in Fenestrellina. which is restricted tothe ~lississippian. The present form isapparently included in the genus Fenesl·
1·e!!ina. Sometimes anastomosing branchis one of the most important charactersrecognizable for a new species.
Locality :-Higuchizawa.
Reg. no. 103 (surface specimen!.

Meslitl'ork formula :-4-5/2-3//13-14/

ELIAS {1941).

5.

Genus Po!ypora :vt'COY. 1844

Remarks:-The present form is nearto Po!ypora aff. sibirica YANISCHEVSKI
which NEKHOROSHEY (1953) describedfrom the Kassinskii and Perekhodnye
Series \TournaisianJ of Kazakhstan.
U.S.S.R. in the meshwork formula.
Howeyer. the present form differs fromthe Russian form by the somewhat flexible and frequently bifurcated branches.
more irregular fenestrules.
Locality :-Sakamotozawa.
Reg. no. 113 (surface specimen).

Po!ypora po/ydada SAKAGA :>.JJ.
new species

Genus Penniretepom D'0RBIG1-\Y. 1849

Plate 37. figure 10.

Penniretepom decora SAKAGA:\II,
new species

A single fragment of zoarium with·out proximal part. flat about 20 mm longand 13 mm wide. consisting of internalmold of zooecial chamber viewed fromreverse side. but. in part, external mold ofob\·erse side observed. Branches rather
strong. somewhat flexible and bifurcate
frequently. Width of branches 0.8"1 mm to0.96mm; 4 to 5 branches in 10 mm. hori·zontal. Fenestrules very large variable inshape; rectangular. pentagonal or hexa·
gonal with rounded corners. their widthand length also very variable. about 1.0
mm to 2.0 mm and about 3 mm. respectivery, 2 to 3 in 10 mm length of branch.
Width of dissepiment about 0.40 mm.
Zooecial apertures circular and their dia·meter 0.13 mm to 0.16 mm. 13 to H in
5 mm length of one row. Number ofrows of zooecial apertures usually 5,
before a bifurcation 5 to 6. above .J to 5.
lnterspaces bet\\·een zooecial apertures
0.20 mm to 0.2'1 mm, longitudinally; 0.08
mm. diagonally.
Outline of zooecial
chamber variable in shape, generally
triangular in inner ro\vs and trapezoidal
or rhomboidal in outer rows at base. but
regularly rhomboidal at middle level.

Plate 38. figure 5. text-figure 3g.

Zoarium slender. pinnate; straight
midrib, with a strong rounded carina on
ohYerse face elen1ted. and fine striate onreverse. l\lidrib in proximal part only
slightly wider than the distal part. 0.51
mm to 0.61 mm in width. Lateral bran·ches also carinate. 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm longand 0.32 mm to OAO mm wide, almost
opposite on two sides. 10 in 10 mm, given
off at an angle of 60' to 90'. Distances
between lateral branches 0.60 mm to O.i6
mm. Zooecial apertures oyal. their longer
diameter 0.14 mm to 0.16 mm and shorter
diameter 0.10 mm to 0.13 mm. surroundedby slight peristomes. 10 in 5 mm lengthof one row. and spaced regularly in twos
per interval between lateral branches.
Interspaces between zooecial apertures
about 0.32 mm. longitudinal. Outline ofzooecial chamber arranged in two alternating rows, triangular at base.
Remarks :-Recently ELIAS discussed
some species of Penniretepora which haYe
the apertures spaced regularly in twos
per the interval between the lateralbranches in the description of P. ardmo·

427.

Lower Carboniferous Br.vozoa

rensis ELIAS (1957). The species outside
the United States of America. Pemzirete·pora osbomei CROCKFORD (1947) from thelower Burindi of l'\ew South Wales. Pen1liretepora ste/lata (NEKIIOIWSHEV) (19561
and its variety from the lower Carboni·ferous of Altai. Penniretepora striata (NE·KIIOROSIIEV)* (1948) from the middle
Carboniferous of the northeastern Balk·hashia. Penniretepora taxa var. lwsaldisla·
nica (NEKHOROSHEV). and the present new
species are included into this group.
The present form is near to Pemzirete·para youngi ULRICH from the Keokuk
Group of Kentucky and Iowa, but differs
by the more slender lateral branches.
Locality :-H iguchiza\\·a.
Reg. no. 105 (surface specimen.'.
Penniretepora sp. indet.
Plate 37. ligure 6.

Zoarium pinnate: straight midrib
striate on reverse. 1vlidrib observed only
reverse side and 5 mm long, and 0.8 mm
wide. Lateral branches 0.32 mm to 0..!0mm wide. alternately arranged on twosides. 10 in 10 mm. given off at an angleof 60" to 85'. Distances between lateralbranches 0.40 mm to 0.56 mm. Ornamentations on obverse and inner structures
observed. Outline of zooecial chamberon lateral branches observed in two alternating ranges. rriangular at base, andround at near obverse surface.
RemarJ~s :-The present form differs
apparently from the above described
species in the external characters. espe·
cially. its width of midrib is larger thanthat of P. dewra n. sp ..
Locality ·-Higuchizawa.
Reg. no. 106 (surface specimen 1.
--------- - - - -* P. striata NEKIIOROSIIE\' on p. 45 (19·18)
is preoccupied by P. striata ULRICH, 1890, it
should be proposed a nomen nudcm for thehomonym.

287

Genus :lcant!tocladia KI:-:G. 1849

Acantlwrladia pe('l(/iaris SAKAGAMI.
new species
Plate 3i, iigure 11.

Only one specimen of large zoarium.
with straight midrib. 40 mm long. Widthof midrib in proximal part only slightly
wider than distal part. 1.40 mm to 1.60
mm. Lateral branches diverged to only
one side. parallel to each other. given
off at an angle of about 30' to 35 andusually 5 lateral branches in 20 mm
length of midrib.
Secondary lateralbranches sometimes diverged from lateral branches. Width of lateral branches
0.80 mm to 0.96 mm. Distances between
lateral branches measured at right angle
1.40 mm to 1.80 mm. Zooecial apertures
oval. 0.14 mm long and 0.10 mm to 0.11mm
wide, surrounded by slight peristomes.
arranged in 6 intersecting longitudinalrows. 9 to 10 in 5 mm length of one row.
lnterspaces between zooecial apertures
0.27 mm to 0.32 mm longitudinally. 0.08
mm to 0.16 mm diagonally. Outline ofzooecial chamber usually rhomboidal but
in part. irregular at base. Both obverse
and reverse sides finely striated.
Remarks :-r--;o species of the genus!lcantlwcladia has been known from ther-.lississippian of the United States ofAmerica. but in Soviet Russia. two or
more species were described from thelower Carboniferous by T\EKHOROSHE\'
11953. 19561. One is .·l.. aff. grauu/osa
NEKHOROSHEV from the upper Visean of
Kasahkstan and the other is A. rmtiqua
1\EKIIOROSHE\' from the upper Tournaisian of Altai. The present form can beeasily distinguished from the previously
described Acanthocladian species.
Locality :-Sakamotozawa.
Reg. no. 114 (surface specimen).

238

Sumio SAKAG;!MI
Genus Nematopom ULRICH. 1888

Nematopom sp. indet.

Russian authors but the records arelimited to Soviet Russia.
Locality :-!liguchizawa.
Reg. no. 11103-A.

Plate 36, figure 5.

Only a few longitudinal sections.
Zoarium ramose. slender. dichotomously
branching, about 1 mm to 1.1 mm in diameter. Zooecial apertures may be arranged in eight to ten longitudinal series.
Zooecial tubes arise radially from an axis
which measures about O.O.J mm in diameter, short and stream-lined chimneyshaped in longitudinal section, oval nearsurface in tangential section, their shorter
diameter 0.13 mm to 0.16 mm and longer
diameter about 0.2-l mm. Usually one
diaphragm attached in a zooecial tube.
Interspaces between zooccial tubes inmature zone about 0.22 mm. and filledwith numerous very minute pores.
Remarks:- The genus Ncmatopora
had been known only from the Ordovician to Devonian rocks. but since thediscm·cry of the Lower Carboniferous
species from the northeast of the Balkhashian lake by ~IKIFOIWVA I l948l, seyeral species of Carboniferous Nematopora
were described and illustrated by the

Genus Rlwmbopora l\IEEK, 1872
Rhomlwpora exigua ULRICH
Plate 38, figures l, 2.
1890

Rl10mbopora exigua, ULRICII. Ceo!. Sun•.
Ill, Vol. VI II, p. 651. pl. LX X. figs. 10-

lOa.
1953 Ahom/Joj>OI'fl exigua. NEKIIOROSHEV. Rkac/.
;Vauk SSSR, Trudy VSEGEI. p. 147, pl.
~1, figs. 4a-c.;.

Typical longitudinal and a few oblique sections. Zoarium consisting of
slender cylindrical stem. from 0.6 mm to1mm in diameter, not obser';ed to branch.
Zooecial apertures may be regularly arranged in longitudinal row and diagonallyintersecling one another. Zooecial tube
oval in tangential section. but rhomboidal
in immature part. its longer diameter0.10 to 0.11 mm and shorter one 0.06mm to0.07 mm, and slightly curved in S-shapein longitudinal section. Interspaces between zooecial tubes about 0.15 mm along
longitudinal row and 0.06 mm along diagonal row. Wall thickened in mature

Explanation of Plate 35
Fig. l.

!1/eekopom cf. appro.rima/a ULRICII
Oblique longitudinal section, x:!O. Loc.: Choanji. Reg. no. 11010.
Fig. 2. Fistulipora sp. indet.
Longitudinal section, x 20, Loc.: Choanji, Reg. no. llOll-A.
Figs. 3-5. Cheilotrypa clwanjicnsis SAKAG:\~11. n. sp.
3. Longitudinal section of holotype. xlO. 4. 5. enlarged typical longitudinal and tangential parts of Fig. 3. X 20, Loc.: Choanji, Reg. no. 11002.
Fig. 6. Streblotrypella? sp. indct.
TransYerse section. x20. Loc.: Sakamotozawa. Reg. no. 11158-A.
Fig. 7. Rhombopora sp. indel. A
Tangential section, X20. Loc.: Choanji, Reg. no. 11011-B.
Fig. 8. Rhombopora sp. indcl. B
Typical transverse sect ion, X :!0, Loc.: Sakamotozawa, l~cg. no. 11158-B.

S AK AGAMI:

SAKAGAMI

Hikoroichi Bryozoa

phot oPlate 35

427.

Lower Carboniferous Bryozoa

zone. distinguishable from very thin
immature wall. Superior hemiseptum
well developed at posterior end of maturezone. and inferior hemiseptum disposed
at opposite side of slightly inner part ofsuperior hemisept um.
Two kinds ofacanthopores-megacanthopores 0.016mm
to 0.032 nun in diameter. usually disposedat distal edge of each zooecium. and micracanthopores around zooecial tube arranged in one row.
Diaphragms indistinct.
Remarks :-Riwmbopora exigua wasdescribed originally from the Burlington
Group. Burlington. Iowa in the UnitedStates of America by CLRICH (1890,. His
illustrations are of only two externalfeatures of the zoaria and do not reveal
the internal structures. However. thepresent form may be identified with
Rhombopora exigua from the original
dcscri pt ion.
The Soviet Russian form of R. exi!{tutwhich was reported from the upper Tournaisian of Kazakhstan by :'\EKHOROSIIEV(1953) well agrees with the present formin the internal structures and measurements. especially in the well developed
hemisepta. The following table is forcomparition of these forms of R. exigua
ULRICH.

.
l·orm of1

Diameter Diameter of Zooo;;iumof(in mm)Zoarium ' (in mm)
Long[ Short1:-=:c:==~ ~ c I~ _·_~',l~~: '.~~~: ~IIJapan

0. 6-1. 0

u :, ': H I 0 Ufi-0 "0. 10 -0. 11

0. 06 0. 07

Locality :-Choanji.
Reg. nos. 11008-A. 11008-8.
Rlzombupom sp. indet. A
Plate 35. figure I.

23!)

A single tangential section. Diameterof zoarium not observed. but probably
about 1.5 rnm to 2 mrn. Zooecial tube
oval in the section, arranged in longitudinal row. three zooecia in 2 mm. andlonger diameter 0.27 mm to 0.37 mm andshorter diameter 0.16 mm to 0.21 mm.
Longitudinal interspaces between zooecial
Lubes 0.30 mm to 0.45 mm. Ivlesopores
seldom occur almost lacking. 0.03 mm to0.08 mm in diameter. Usually two megacanthopores disposed at distal and proximal edges of each aperture. A few
micracanthopores also disposed in one
row in interspace between megacanthopores.
The large diameter of zooecium andtwo megacanthopores disposed at the
distal and proximal edges of each aperture are characters of this form. The
present form can be distinguished fromthe described species from the Hikoroichi
bryozoan fauna in the above mentioned
chracters.
Locality :-Choanji.
Reg. no. 11011-B.
Rlwmbopom sp. indet. B
Plate 35. figure 8: plate 36. figure li.

One specimen in each thin section
from Sakamotozawa and Higuchizawa.
Slight differences between these two
specimens are recognized. especially inthe diameters of zoaria. but the two may
be included into the same species in theessential characters. The Sakamotozawa
specimen is a typical transverse section,measures 1.4 mm diameter : and the
Higuchizawa one is an obliquely transverse section. 1.0 mm in diameter. Zooecial tube arise radially from an axis.
slightly curved in S-shaped. Diameterof zooecial Lube of lliguchizawa specimenslightly narrower than that from Sakamotozawa. measure 0.13mm to O.l6mm and240

Sumio SAKAG.4MI

0.16mm to 0.18 mm. respectively. Zooecial
wall thin in immature zone, expanded
rapidly but smoothly and consisting offine fibrous tissue in mature zone. The
thickest part of wall about 0.24 mm in
Sakamotozawa specimen. Acanthoporesindistinct but present. Diaphragms frequently present, at intervals of about
one-third to as wide as diameter of zooecium.
Locality :-Sakamotozawa and Hi·
guchizawa.
Reg. nos. 11158-B 1Sakamotozawa)and 11103-B (1-liguchizawa).
Streblolrypella amicula SAKAGAMI.
new species
Plate 36, figures 7-9.

Zoarium consisting of slender cylindrical stem, from 1 mm to 1.5 mm in diameter, not observed to branch. Zooecial
apertures arranged quite regular in longitudinal row. measuring longitudinally,
6 to 7 zooccial tubes in 2 mm near surface. Zooccial tube nearly straight. but
slightly bending outward in mature zone
from an axis. Wall of inner zone verythin. In tangential section, zooecial tube
circular, its diameter 1.1 mm to 1.8 mm.
Longitudinal interspaces between succeding zooecial tubes 0.14 mm to 0.16 mm,
occupied by mesopores. usually arranged
in two rows, occasionally in three rows.
Diameter of mesopores 0.02•1 mm to 0.040
mrn. Superior hemiseptum developed at
posterior end of mature zone of tube
and inferior hemiseptum attached at
opposite side of slightly inner part ofsuperior hemiseptum. Diaphragm Jacking.
Re111ad~s :-The genus Streblotrypellawas separated from the genus Streblot1ypa
ULRICH by A.l. NIKIFOROVA in 1948, withStreb/olrypa major ULRICII as a type species. These two genera are quite similarin the general features except for their
axial zone of zoaria. The most importantcharacter of the genus Streblotrypella andby which it is distinguishable from Streblotrypa is the presence of an axis ofzoarium.
The present form somewhat resembles Slreb/otrypella major (ULRICH) fromthe Keokuk Group of the United Statesof America in the general appearance,

Explanation of Plate 36
Figs. 1, 2. Rlwmbopora exigua ULRICII
1, Typical longitudinal section. 2, oblique transverse section, x20, Loc.: Choanji,Reg. nos. 11008 and 11008-B. respectively.
Figs. 3, 4. Leioc/enw kobayashii SAI<AGAMI, n. sp.
3, Longitudinal section (holotype). 4. tangential section (paratype), X20, Loc.: Saka·
motozawa, Reg. nos. 11151 and 11153, respectively.
Fig. 5. Nematopora sp. indet.
Longitudinal section. X 20, Loc. : Higuchizawa. Reg. no. 11103-A.
Fig. 6. Rlwmbopora sp. indet. B
Oblique section, x20, Loc.: Higuchizawa, Reg. no. 11103-B.
Figs. 7-9. Slreblolrype//a amicula SAKAGAl\.11, n. sp.
7, Longitudinal but slightly tangential section (holotype), 8, 9, oblique sections (paratypes). X 20, Loc.: Choanji, Reg. nos. 11001, 11004 and 11010, respectively.

SAKAGAMI:SAK AGAM I

Hikoroichi Bryozoa

photo

Plate 36

427.

Lower Carboniferous Bryozoa

but differs by the smaller size of zooecial
aperture. S. major was also recorded
from the lower Tournaisian to lower
Visean of U.S.S.R. by 1\EKHOROSHEV(1953) and TRIZ:-\A (1958). The Russian
specimens have slightly smaller zooecial
apertures than those of the United States
specimens but are larger than thoBe of
the present forms. Streblotrypel/a l'ario·
pitata TRIZNA (1958) in having rather
small apertures differs distinctly fromthe present form in the arrangements ofmesopores.
The present specimens. especially inthe peripheral zone of zoarium, are re·placed by secondary mineralization.
Locality :-Choanji.
Reg. nos. 11001 (holotype). 1100-t
11010 (paratypes).
S"freblollype!!a ? sp. indet.
Plate 35. figure 6.

Only a few transverse sections in athin section. Diameter of zoarium 0.9
mm to 1.2 mm. Zooecial tube circular,
0.14 mm to 0.16 mm in diameter. l'vleso·pores relatively large.
The genera Streblo!J)'}Ja, Streblasco·
pora and Streblotrypel/a are distinguishedfrom one anothers only in the structuresof their axial zone but show the samestructures in their mature zones. The
present form cannot be observed clearly
as to whether it has a central axis.
However. the present form is referred to
the genus StreblotJypella. The specificdecision must wait until a large numberof specimens accumulate.
Locality :-Sakamotozawa.
Reg. no. 1158.
References Cited

241

Univ. Press, pp. Gl-G253.
BuRCKLE, L. H. (1960): Some MississippianFenestrate Bryozoa from Central Utah.
]our. Paleont., Vol. 34, 110. 6. pp. 10771098, pis. 129-133. 1 text-fig.
Co:-<DHA. G. E. (1902) : New Bryozoa fromthe Coal Measures of Nebraska. illlu'r.
Geol., Vol. XXX, no. 6. pp. 337-359, pis.
18-25.
- - and ELIAS, M. K. (1941) : Fenestel/a
LO!';SDALI~ and Fenestrellina D'0HBIGNY.
jour. Patent., Vol. 15, pp. 565-566.
- - and - - (1944) : Study and Revisionof Archimedes (IIALL). Geo/. Soc. Amer.,Spec. Paper no. 53, 243 pp., 36 pis.
CROCKFORD, J, (1947) : Bryozoa from theLower Carboniferous of New South \Valesand Queensland. Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W.,
Vol. lxxii, pis. 1-2, pp. 1-48, 6 pis.
- - (1951): The Development of Bryozoan
Faunas in the Upper Palaeozoic of Australia. ibid .. Vol. h.r:vi. pts. 3-4, pp. 105120.
ELIAS, M. K. (1957) :Late Mississippian
Fauna from the Redark Hollow Forma·tion of Southern Oklahoma. Part I. ]our.
Palemzt., Vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 370-·127, pis.
39-50.
- - and CoNDRA. G. E. (1957) : Fenestella
from the Permian of West Texas. Geol.
Soc. Amer., i1Jem. 70. 158 pp., 23 pis.
KoE:>:IG, J. W. (1958) : Fenestrate Bryozoa in
the Chouteau Group of Central Missouri.
]our. Palemzt. Vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 126-143,
pis. 21-22, 2 text-figs.
MJ:->ATO, M. et a!. (1953) : Biostratigraphic
des Karbons im Kitakami-gcbirgc, Nordiis·liches Honshu. Japan. ]our. Geol. Soc.
japan, Vol. LJX, no. 695, pp. 385-399.
MooRE. R. C. (1929) : A Bryozoan Faunulefrom the Upper Graham Formation, Pen·nsylvanian of North Central Texas. ]our.
Paleont., Vol. 3, pp. 1-27, 121-156, pis. 1-3,
15-18, 3 text-figs.
MonozovA, I. P. (1955):
Kamennougolnye
Mshanki Srednego Dona.
Akad. NaukSSSR. Trudy Palemrt. Jnst. Tom LVIII, SS

BASSLER, R. S. (1953) : Bryozoa, in MooRE's.. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology",
Part G, Geo/. Soc . .4merica and Kansaspp., 12 pis .
NEKHOROSHEV, V. P. (1948) : Kamennougolnye
Mshanki Severo-Vostochnogo Pribalk·242

Sumio SAKAG.·lMIhashia. Akad. Nauk Kaz. SSR., 70 pp .. 11pis.
- - (1953) Niznckamennougolnye Mshanki
Kazakhstana. Akad. Nauk SSSR.. Trudy
VSEGEI. 235 pp., 25 pis.
- - (1956): Niznekamcnnougolnyc l'v1shanki
Altaya i Sibili. Trudy VSEGJ,'/. Tom 13.
419 pp .. 57 pis.
0Kt:Bo. M. (1951) : Zur Hikoroichi·Serie u:1d
der bedeutenden Diskordanz vor der
Hikoroichi Epoche. four. Geol. Soc. Japan.
Vol. LVII. no. 669. pp. 195-209.

S!!ULGA·NESTERENKo, M. I. (1951): Kamen·
nougolnye fenestellidy Russkoii Platformy. Akad. Nauk SSSR., Pa/eo11t. I11sf.,
Trans., Tom 37, 84 pp .. 34 pis.
- - (1955) : Kamennougolnye Mshanki Russkoii Platformy. Tom S/, 204 pp .. 32 pis.
TRIZC"A. V. I3. (1958) : Rannekamennougolnye
Mshanki Kuznechkoi Kotloviny. Trudy
VNIGRI. 122, 435 pp .. 64 pis.
ULRICH. E. 0. (1890) : Palaeozoic Bryozoa. Ill.
Gl'tJ{. Surv., Vol. VIII. pp. 285-688, pis.
29-78.

Explanation of Plate 37
Fig.

1.

Feuestefta crassistereoma SAKAG.\cvll. n. sp.

Fig.

2.

Fe~~eslel/a sokolskayae SHL'LGA-NESTERENKO

Fig.

3.

Felleslrelliua japonica SAKAGA~II. n. sp.

Fig.

<1.

Ftmestel/a aff. cribriformis (CROCK FOIW)

Fig.

5.

Pemzirctepora decora SAKAt>A~II. n. sp.

Internal mold of reverse side. x5.
Internal mold of rc,·ersc side. x5.

Reg. no. 111.
Reg. no. 121.

Internal mold of reYersc side. holotype.
Internal mold of reverse side. x5,

Fig.

().

Fig.

7.

Fig.

8.

Fig.

9.

Fig. 10.

Fig. 11.

x 5. Reg. no. 103.

Reg. no. 101.

Internal mold of re\·ersc side, showing in part. external mold of obYerse side, holo·
type. x -1. Reg. no. 105.
Penniretepora sp. indet.
External mold of reverse side, x5. Reg. no. lOG.
Fenes/d/a hikoroichieusis SAKAGA~II. n. sp.
Internal mold of reYersc side, holotype, x5. Reg. no. 102.
Fenestel/a bugmziensis higuchizatnumsis SAI\AG.-\~11. n. subsp.
Internal mold of obserYc side. holotype, x5. Reg. no. 104.
Fenestella ()(uuatoensis SAK ..'\C.A:"-.11. n. sp.
Internal mold of reverse side. holotype, Xfi, Reg. no. 112.
Po!ypura po!ydada SAKr\C;\\11. n. sp.
Internal mold of reYcrs() side. showing in part. external mold of the obverse, holotype.
x5. Reg. no. 113.
Acantlwdadia peculiaris SAKAGAMl. n. sp.
Internal mold of reYerse side. showing in part. external mold of the obverse, holotype,x5, Reg. no. 111.

SAKAGAMI:

SAKAGAM I

Hikoroichi Bryozoa

photo

Plate 37

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S.. No. 46, pp. 243-248. Pl. 38. June 10. 1962

428.

ON THE OCCURRENCE OF NIPPONONAIA IN
THE LATE MESOZOIC TETORI GROUP*SHIRO tv!AEDA
Geological Institute, Chiba University''Hilill"/tlt·l!li: Nipponrmaia i~ --::>~ •'L :~iJl.'il !YR~.~ t..:.t.J: . .:CG9/~Q)¥fcj01K ~;.;:~I ;til·-:> 'L -'fllii!"1Mil ·l?~··r.tlYH.:.

Trigonioicles

c --:i <t§!{;fv::>*<'l!;J!: • ..: ttl;!:. Nippo/lfmaia c:. t.l•-?tlifill.$.,7.J._l::./J·Hllllll.f..:.Q)"(· . ..:na- "\zppo11mwza tetoriensis ci\'rrtiL. ;J[!lfii(Lt..:..

iiiJ

I.

Ell

I!Y

.Qlj

Yersity of Tokyo for his kind guidanceand his reading the manuscript. to Dr. I.
HA YAl\11 of the same University for hiskind help.

I nlroduction

Nipponmwia SUZUKI (1941 1 is an in·teresting genus in the non-marine Ivleso·zoic fauna of japan. Lately two species
were reported from North America by
j. B. REESIDE (1957).
Now eight species including one new
species are known of the genus. Peculiar
surface sculptures of this genus mav
have been produced by unusual enviroi~­ment. Because this genus closely resembles Trigonioides KOBAYASHI and SUZUKI(1936) in surface ornamentation. the writ·
er has once reported (1949) the occurrenceof Trigu11ioides in the Tetori group, buL
it was erroneous.
What I previously thought Trigonioi·
des is described here as a new species of
Nippononaia. It was procured from the
Okurodani and Kuwajima alternations in
the ltoshiro subgroup. the middle di\·isionof the Tetori group, probably latest
jurassic in age. On this occasion the\Vakino forms of Nipponolf.aia and theirrelationship to Plicatounio arc discussed.
The writer expresses his sincere
thanks to Prof. T. KoB.\YASHI of the Cni·II.

Historical review of Nippononaia

1) SUZLTKI (1941) established this sub·genus in describing Unio (1'lippononaia)ryose!?iana from the Early Cretaceous
Ryoseki group. But its locality is uncer·
tain whether it was Komo, Hanoura·machi. Naka-gun. Tokushima Prefecture,or somewhere in the Sanchu graben in
the Kwanto mountainland. judging fromthe outline of shell and hinge structure,
he referred it to the Unioninae. And by
the chracteristic \'-shaped surface orna·
ment and marked crenulation of the innerside of the ventral margin. he instituted
a new subgenus.
2) SuZUKI (1943. 19·19) brought Nippono·
11aia to Plicatowzio KOBAYASHI and SliZUKI(1936) as its subgenus, because .. thehinge-teeth of the left valve of these
two groups are identical" and "the dis·tinct radial ribs on the surface and mar·gina! crenation on the inner side of theshell have never been found in the otherpalaearctic naiad group".
3i KOBAYASHI (1956) pointed out that

* Received Nov. 11. 1961 : read Sept. 24.
1961.

243

Shiro Mt1ED.4.
.. Nipprmonaia was derived from Trif!onioides by the increase of the breadth andaddition of a posterior tooth and at thesame time by loosing the crenulation of
the preexisting posterior tooth".
4) REESIDE (1957) reported the occurrenceof N. asiuaria from the Lower Cretaceous
Burro Canyon formation of Colorado in
North America. in promoting Nipprmonaia
to the generic rank.
5) 0TA (1959) described two new species.
uml?inoensis and sengolmensis. of "Nippo·
11011aia ·· from the Lower Cretaceous

Wakino subgroup in North Kyushu. He
pointed out that these faunas were distinguished from Trif!mtioides in the hinge
structure. and that much obscurity was
attached to the hinge structure of SuzuKI's species and that its taxonomic position was ambiguous.
6) HASE (1960) described two new subspecies and one new species of Nippononaia from the Wakino subgroup in West
Chugoku and North Kyushu, their distinctions being in the degree of effacement of the radial ribs.

Text-figure l. Map showing the distribution of Nippononaia.

1: \Vakino subgroup, Lower Cretaceous.
2: \Vakino subgroup, Lower Cretaceous.
3 : Ryoseki group, Lower Cretaceous. Komo. llanoura-machi.
4: Tetori group, Uppermost Jurassic.
5: Burro Canyon formation, Lower Cretaceous.

Ill.

The Wakino species of"Nipporwnaia ·•The followings were described by
0TA (1959) and HASE {1960).
'' Nippononaia" seugokuensis OT:\
"N." wakinoensis wallinoensis 0TA·• N. " wakinoensis intemzedia IIASE·· N. " (?) obsoleta HASE
All of them closely resemble N. ryosekiana, Trigonioides lwdairai and T. j)(lttCi·
sulcatus in the ornament. but distinctly
differ from Trigonioides in hinge structure.

OT A (1959) said. " •· Nipponouoia " issomewhat similar to Plicatounio kwanmonensis 0TA (1958) in the hinge but fairly
different from P. 11alltongensis which has
many unionid features in the hinge nature". HASE (1960) also pointed out that
there were distinct pseudocardinal teeth
2 on the right valve and 1 on the left.
lateral teeth 1 on the right valve and 2
on the left.
The specimens figured by I-lASE (1960)
on plate 37. figs. 1 and 2. have coarsely
crenulated teeth.
N. ryosekimza and428. Occurrence of Nippononaia in the Tetori Group" .Vippononaia" from the \Vakino subgroup disagree in the number of teeth
and the mode of crenulation. Therefore"Nipprmonaia '' from the Wakino subgroup should be excluded from what is
the generally recognized genus, .Nippononaia.
IY.

Distinction between A'ippononaia
and Plicalounio

Left valves of Plicatounio and Sippononaia described by SUZUKI (19·11) have
two short, finely crenulatcd pseudocardinal and two long lateral teeth. Thoughthese genera closely resemble each otherin dentition, lateral teeth of Plicatozmio
are smooth or crenated, while those of
Nippononaia are smooth. The most distinctive difference is in the ornamentation on the disk. Namely, the surfaceof Plicatmmio is ornamented with many
regular strong radiating ribs and numerous concentric growth lines, whereas theradial ribs of Nippononaia are connectedin the middle part to form acute Vs.
V.

The occurrence of Nippononaia
from the Tetori group

The Tetori group is divisible, in
ascending order, into the Kuzuryu, Itoshiro and Akaiwa subgroups and the
Omichidani formation. The ltoshiro subgroup is the widest among the subgroups
and reveals a cycle of sedimentation.
Its basal part is marine, but all others
are non-marine.
The lower Pa.rt consists mainly ofcoarse rocks such as conglomerate, andconglomeratic or coarse-grained sandstone, while lhe upper part is rich inmicaceous black shale.
The black shale facies is seen in the
Kuwajima alternation in Hakusan district, the ltsuki alternation in Kuzuryu
district and the Okurodani alternation in

245!v!akido district.
The present species of Nippononaia
is associated with Unio ogamigoensis,
Corbicula (Tetoria) antiqua, C. (Mesocorbicu/a) tetoriensis, J1elanoides vulgaris, J.J.
vulgaris minima, Vioiparus (Sinolaia ?)ouogoensis and others (KOBAYASHI and
SuzuKI. 1937) and many plants such as
Equiselites ushimarensis, Gleicheniles nijJponensis, Coniopteris burejensis, C. hymenophylloides. Onychiopsis elongata, Cladop!Jlebis denliculata, C. distans, C. exiliformis,
C. lobifolia, Nilssonia Kotoi, N. nipponensis. N. orientalis, Ginkgoites digitala, Ginkgoidium Nathorsli, Podozamites la1tceolatus
and P. Reinii beside erect stumps of.\"rmoxylonlatiporosum (OCURA, KOIIA YASHI
and MAEDA. 1951) in the Kuwajima alternation and Okurodani alternation.
l'vlost shells are found scattered in
the black shaly facies with their valves
uncraked and concave side downward.
Pyrite is often met with on their tests.
Judging from the occurrence and preservation of the fossils and the existenceof pyrite, the sedimentary environment
was in stagnant fresh water in the innerside of Eo-Nippon Cordillera (KOBAYASHI,
1941). The peculiar sculpture of Nippononaia reveals the adaptation to such aparticular condition.
VI.

Systematic description

Family Unionidae
Genus Nippo11onaia SUZUKI, 19-U
Type species :-Unio (Nippononaia) ryosekirma SuzuK!.

.Vippononaia tetoriensis !vlAEOA,
new species
Plate 38, figures 1-14.

Description :-Shell medium in size,transversely elongated subelliptical in
outline, about twice as long as high, inequilateral, relatively short and subround24G

Shiro M.lEDA

in front, prolonged behind. subtruncatedat the end and moderately inflated : test
rather thick. Postero-dorsal margin fair·ly long, almost straight. subparallel toyentral, and obtusely angulated withposterior margin, which is shorter thanpostero-dorsal and very slightly curved:
ventral margin long. gently arched. or
more or less straightened. graduallymerging with neighbouring margins;anterior margin well rounded ; antero·dorsal margin relatively short, obliquely
sloping and weakly arched. Beak large.
fairly prominent, but not high, incurved
and distinctly prosogyral, somewhat pro·
jected above the hinge-margin and placed
at a point about one-third to two-fifths ofthe length of the shell measured fromthe anterior extremity. Posterior ridge
very distinct: posterior area triangularand slightly concave. Surface ornament·
ed with many radiating ribs and nume·rous concentric growth lines; radial ribs
fine, close and counted about 8 to 11 inantero·half disc, but strong. widely spaced, more or less curved backwards. andcounted about 8 to 12 in postero-half disc;several ribs in the middle of the discform acute Vs with apices on a line
through beak; ribs on the antero-dorsal
area fine, close, and branching off downwards; ribs on the postero-dorsal areastrong, broadly spaced and branching off
downwards from a line running frombeak to postero-ventral margin ; gro\\'thlines very fine. Hinge of left valve wellde\·eloped: pseudocardinal teeth 2. short.
narrow, smooth; upper one much stronger than the lower and parallel to antero·dorsal margin; lateral teeth 2, fairly long,lamellar, smooth, upper one parallel topostero-dorsal margin.
(5b)·--*(5a)---:ra-3a--2a Zb3b___ "fb-* It means that Sa and 5b are not obser·
vable on the ill-preserved specimens.

Adductor scars situated close to the extremities of the laterals but \Veakly im·pressed. Pallial line simple. Posternhalf of inner side ornamented with many
weal< radiating ribs. Internally, anterior.
posterior and ventral margins distinctly
crenulated. especially in posterior half.
Measurements :-12 specimens scarcely deformed are selected in the collection
and measured in mm as follows:
Lengt~l ~eight

i\'umberValve

R. 61801

Left

40

1

21

5

6180 '>

Right
Left

41

I 26

11

37
25+

I

19

5
5

R·

-

R. 61803 Right
R- 61804 I RightI

R. -61805 Right
R. 61806 Left
R- 61807 Right
R- 61808 Left
R. 61809 I Right

33 ·
23+
·28+

R. 61810 I Right
R- 61811 Left
R- 61812 ' Left

38

I

24

Width

21

5

16+
20.5

-1. 5

2-1

21. 5
14.5 •
12. 5
10.5

4.5
5
4
3
3

23

12+

3

28
24

Comparisrin :-Several specimens wereobtained from two fot:mations. but mostof them are more or less imperfect andoften considerably deformed by rock pres·sure..
They are variable in outline.
Usually their shells are transversely
elongated subelliptical in outline, sub·truncated in posterior. The beak isplaced in front of the middle, and thedorsal margin is gently sloping from thebeak to both sides. Internal moulds are
fairly variable in ornamentation.
The specimens at hand are mostsimilar to "1V " zmkinormsis u:akinoensis
described by Y. 0TA (1959) and A. IIASE(1960) from the Lower Cretaceous \Vaki·no subgroup in North Kyushu and West
Chugoku, Japan. in outline and ornament,
but they are easily distinguishable by428. Occurrence of Nipp01wnaia in the Tetori Group
non-crenulated teeth, radial ribs andnumber of teeth.
This species is also related to N.
rymwkiana by K. SUZUKI (19,11 l from the
Lo\ver Cretaceous Ryoseki group. butthey differ from each other in featuresof radial ribs and outline of shell.
Though N. asinaria described by j. B.
REESIDE <1957) from the Lower Cretaceous Burro Canyon formation of Colorado,
North America, shows some resemblanceswith this new species in general aspects,
the two species do not agree in radiatingribs and outline of shell. This new
species is also similar to Trigonioides
kodairai by KOBAYASHI and Sl'ZCKI (1936)
from the Lower Cretaceous Naktong\Vakino series in ornamentation. but differs in the hinge structure.
Formation aml locality :-The Okurodani alternation of shale and sandstone in
the Itoshiro subgroup, probably uppermost Jurassic, the middle division of theTetori group: The bed of the Okurodani riYer, a tributary of the Ogamigo
river, in Shokawa-mura. Ono-gun. Gifu
Prefecture. The Kuwajima alternation of
shale and sandstone in the ltoshiro subgroup 1holotype locality) : The bed of
the Yanagiclani river, a tributary of theTetori river, in Shiramine-mura. lshi·
kawa-gun. Ishikawa Prefecture.
References
A. (1960) : The Late Mesozoic Formations and their Molluscan Fossils in West
Chugoku and Korth Kyushu, Japan. ]our.
Sci .. IIiroshima Unit• .. Ser. C, Vol. 3, No. :!.
pp. 281-342, pis. 35-39.
KoBAYASHI, T. (1956):
On the Dentition ofliASE.

2H

Trigouioides and its Relation to Similar
Pelecypod Genera. japan. ]our. Geol. Ceogr .. Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 79-\12, pl. 5.
- - and Suzt'KJ. K. (1936) : Non-Marine
Shells of the Naktong-WakinoSeries./bid..
Vol. 13, ;Vos. 3-·1. pp. 243-257. pis. 27-29.
- - and - - (1941): On the Occurrence of
Trigrmioides in Southeastern Manchoukuo.
Bull. Geol. lust. Mancil .. No. 101. pp. 'i''i'81.
~L'IEDA, S. (1949) :Discovery of Trigouioicles
from the Tetori Formation. Jllin. ami
Geol.. Vol. 3, p. 18.
- - (1952) : A Stratigraphical Study on the
Tetori Series in the Upper Shokawa District in Gifu Prefecture. jour. Geol. Soc.
japan, Vol. 58. No. 679, pp. 145-153.
- - (1958) : Stratigraphy and Geological
Structure of the Tetori Group in the
Hakusan District (Part 1. Stratigraphy).
Ibid .. Vol. 64, No. 758. pp. 583-594.
OT.\, Y. (1959): On the •· Nippo11onaia" fromthe Lower Cretaceous Wakino Subgroup,
Korth Kyushu. japan. Trans. Pmc. l'al.
Soc. japan, N. S .. ll!o. :34, pp. 105-110. pis.
10-11.
RF.ESIDE, ). B. (1957) :Non-:Marine Pelecypod(Nipponnnaia asinaria) from the Lower
Cretaceous of Colorado. jour. Pal., Vol.
31. No. 3. pp. 651-653.
Sl'ZL'Kt. K. (1941) : A 1\ew Naiad, Uttio (.Vippononaia) ryosekimw. N. Subgen. and N.
Sp. from the Lower Cretaceous of ]ap;m.
four. Ceo!. Soc. japan, Vol. ·18, No . .')75.
pp. ·110-413.
- - (19·13) : Restudy on the Non·~larine
Molluscan Fauna of the Rakuto Series in
Keisho-do, Korea. ]our. Shigen Kagalm
Kenkyu·sho. Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 189-219, pis.
14-19.
- - (1949) : Development of the Fossil Non1\Jarine ?vlolluscan Faunas in Eastern Asia.
Japan. four. Geol. Geogr., Vol. 21, Nos. 1.J, pp. 91-133.

Shiro M.4Elh1

248

Explanation of Plate 38

Nippnonaia ti!loriensis :t\IAEDA, new species
Internal mould of right valve, para type (R. 61803) x 1. 5; Loc. Kuwajima alternati.on(~JZ;].:jJf!J), Yanagidani (im!ff-), Shiramine-mura (F-f*fttf). Ishikawa-gun (EJIIID)). Ishikawa Pref. (:{iJII\!1!:)Fig. 2. Internal mould of left valve. holotrpe (R. 61801) XL 5: Loc. ditto.
Fig. 3. Right valve, paratype (R. 61805) XL 5: Loc. Okurodani alternation (:-A.:!P.:i:i-1:l.fl),
Okurodani (7-:!J.\t:l-). Shokawa-mura (~fJIJH). Ono-gun. <*fff,l;), Gifu Pref. (l!t~9.~)­Fig. 4. Left vah·e, para type (R. 61802) x L 5 : Loc. ditto.
Fig. 5. Right valve, paratype (R. 61810) XL 5; Loc. Kuwajima alternation, Yanagidani,
Shiramine-mura. lshikawa-gun. Ishikawa Pref.
Fig. 6. An incomplete left valve, paratype (R. 61808) xL 5: Loc. ditto.
Fig. 7. Right valve, para type (R. 61802) x 1. 5: Loc. Okurodani alternation, Okurodani. Shokawa-mura, {)no-gun. Gifu Pref.
Fig. 8. Right valve, paratype (R. 61809) xi. 5: Loc. Kuwajima alternation. Yanagidani. Shiramine·mura. lshikawa-gun, Ishik2.wa Prcf.
Fig. 9. Umbonal view of the specimen shown in Fig. 8 (R. 61809) xl. 5: Loc. ditto.
Fig. 10. Clay cast of left valve. para type (R. 61806) x 1. 5; Loc. ditto.
Fig. 11. Clay cast of left \'alve. para type (R. 61811) x 1. 5; Loc. ditto.
Fig. 12. An incomplete internal mould of right valve. para type (R. 61804) x 1. 5; Loc. ditto.
Fig. 13. Character of teeth structure of holotype (R. 61801) x3: Loc. ditto.
Fig. 14. An incomplete right valve, paratypc (R. 61807) x l. 5; Loc. Okurodani alternation.
Okurodani, Shokawa-mura. Ono-gun. Gifu Pref.
All the illustrated specimens are kept in the Institute of Geology, College of Arts andSciences, Chiba University. Chiba.
Fig.

1.

M AEDA :Plate 38

Nippononaia from the Tetori Group12

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S.. No. 46, pp. 2·19-253, Pl. 39, June 10. 1962

429.

A NEW SPECIES OF TEREBRATALIA FRO!\[ THE OLIGOCEKESARI SANDSTONE IN THI:<: KARATSU COAL FIELD
OF NORTHWESTERN KYUSHU. JAPAK*
El]l INOUE
Fuel Department, Geological Survey of Japan

Ji!fit.~UI{J.:!f!f&t4,·11'1J/IO)JW~ m Terebratalia ~0) 1 Vifm: .::. hi "t·i.::l1rF~iuO)" Tere·
brat1tla" sp. ~O).:f~ ·"'Cillil~M/J;:Itii'lllt.iliO)i+JiWi~tJ·I?~HI:\-t ~.::..!: :t. (:I:.!: A- E ~ l?ht.c

f:J·? t~, *::n't!;!t~!Jt!Il~t$~~1i4'. ¥fliMM~O)f£!i!f&:fi~ (itjtJTt;ff) i>·l?!r;.l~f!i~l*I~H...
t.;.. .::. O)JWJi1'!Ht*1HO)if'if*'ti!l'J:(I) Terebratalia innaicmsis to .l: 0: T. sendaica r.::MflJ;t~ 1;;,.lt~l9!1i'.f(1)f1JW:.

L-c:1c~t....t.;..

it.;..

:l'Jffil\'t';.{;_, ~.::. c ;Ff!~!Ult..... :: .tL ~ Terebratalia karat suensis l: 6\tt';*ft0)£:!.1~ · ~fi::Ul!fO)If/i/lt • 'tf!fllH?t£m.IO>:fi~O)J1tflt~!Jtl.::-?~·-r:-* J:

1ll!.lj!.::.~&t....t.:,!If:survey in the Karatsu coal field in 1955.
the writer has collected some brachiopod
specimens from the Oligocene Sari Sandstone at Hieda in the northern part ofthe coal field (Text-fig. 1).
The brachiopod of the Sari Sandstone
is known to be a new species of Terebratalia. Brief notes are given on the Sari
Sandstone and its faunule.

Introduction and Acknowledgements
No brachiopod has so far been described from the Oligocene of northern
Kyushu. except for H. MATSUSHITA's
report: (1949) of an occurrence of .. Terebratula" sp. in the Meinohama formation
at Fukuoka city. During his geological

Kumamoto

Mt.Unzen\,.r
Text-fig. 1. Maps showing the geographic position of the fossil locality.

* Received Nov. 1, 1961; read Nov. 18, 1961.
249

.-

250

Eiji INOUE

Here the writer wishes to express
many thanks to Prof. Kotara !·lATA! of
the Tohoku University for supervising
the present work. Thanks are also due
to Prof. Teiichi KOBAYASHI of the University of Tokyo. Prof. Hisamichil\fATSUSI!ITA. Prof. Ryuzo TORIYAli.IA and
Mr. Jyuichi YA:\AGIDA of the Kyushu
University, for their encouragements.
The Sari Sandstone
The Tertiary formation in the north·ern part of the Karatsu coal field islimited by normal faults from granitic
rocks of the basement. It can be divided
into the Ouchi and Kishima groups.

_._.,

fs"r't~ m.cgl

.
.
2
CJ
0
...en .,% .. .. ~.... CJ
D

I.&J

z

......

II>

1::1=·~:~:.~,

Q iii

II>

.J;J

:

c( 0
en :1:"'I».. ..... ,·····.
.......

~·:·.~--·~;~··-:zz.. ·:·~·.·'

Ul

II>

,:.'~········~

c(

(I)

.-I
.-I
Cl

...
"'

.·
...........

1010~·~'"~~•ooO.cooo..."'u/;'.:_~/~·.:.~·. ·:'...... ·.;\:...u 8.
en _,..
ii c y-----i .... _t..:.. 2:.. ·····

Cl 0

O.N
0..

~

f:l] f.cgl

c.ee
m.se
f. as
- s.sh~~- eh
8 tf.rock~~fossils~ Terebratalia
40m
30
20
10

~

"'

tO

0

Text-fig. 2. Columnar section of theSari Sandstone in the northern district of
the Karatsu coal field. Illustrates horizones
occurring Terebratalia karatsuensis.

The lower or Ouchi group consists
mainly of non-marine deposits which bear
many workable coal measures. The upperor Kishima group is composed of marine
fossiliferous sediments at the time of thelate Oligocene Ashiya transgression.
Generally the sediments become coarser
northwards, and show nearshore features.
The stratigraphical sequence of theKishima group in the northern district
is shown in the Table.
The Sari Sandstone which yielded
the new brachiopod is in the lower partof the group. It corresponds to the Hieda
formation of H. MATSUSIIITA, and is correlated with the Kurokawa sandstone
in the southern district. The lower partof the Sari Sandstone consists of fine- tocoarse-grained, glauconite-bearing sandstones interbedded with conglomerates.
Sandstones which are remarkably crossbedded near the basal part, contain many
carbonized plant fragments and marine
molluscan shells. The grain of sandstone
becomes finer upwards. The upper partis composed of fine to medium grainedsandstones with thin intercalations oftuffaceous rock called lloneishi. The
part characterized by tuffaceous beds iscalled the Honeishi zone. Molluscan fossils become sparse to the upper from thelower part.
The Sari Faunule
The brachiopod specimens occur in
two horizons of the Sari Sandstone. In
the lower part, brachiopods are common
in coarse-grained green sandstones including carbonized fragmental plants
and organic remains. l\lolluscs are poorly preserved and mostly deformed or
broken into fragments. In the upper
part, the brachiopod and other fossils
are better preserved than in the lower
part, and are found in fine· to medium·grained sandstones alternating with thin
tuffaceous rocks.
The important fossils associated with

429.

I

Faunalzone

New Species of Terebratalia

251

Division--,-------1----,------1~I).c< ~ t- :;: .2.j'
1

._.,

I ~~

1

~~

~

g

._.

General lithology and lithofacies2~,-::E -z = : j = : : l = l = = = = = = = = · 2: ~:-: r:-.l§:JjAlternation of dark grey shale and grey
fine-grained sandstone .
Fossils rare.

Blue fine-grained sandstone intercalatedwith shale.
Fossils few.

Green. coarse-grained sandstone and granuleconglomerate.
Fossils abundant.

0.::l

...0

"

Massive bluish grey. fine· to medium-grainedsandstone.
Fossils few.

Greenish grey and grey, glauconite-bearing
sandstone intercalated with conglomerate
in the lower part. and tuffaceous rocks in
the upper part. Fossils abundant. The
new brachiopod occurs.

Q)

c
0

Alternation of dark grey shale. sandy shaleand sandstone.
Fossils abundant.

N-0.---------------------------------------l-----gaB@s:.....
.........
"' , g ~Alternation of arkose sandstone and shaleg~-

1 ·- E-0~ I ~.5~~interbedded with coal seams.

·- P

il
§
~~

252

Eiji lb'OUE

the brachiopods are as follows:
Coral ................................ fAturia yokoyamai NAGAO . . . . . . . . . . . . r-f
G/ycymeris sp.. . . . . . . ................ f
So/amen subfornicatum (KAG:\O) .... I'
Septifer nagaoi Qy AMA . . . . • . . . . . . . . . f
Ostrea lwweformis NAGAO . . . . . . . . . . <:Crassatellites itzconspicuus NAGAO .... <:V'enericardia r•estitoides 1\-hzn;o ...... aCa/lisla hanzawai (NAGAo) .......... a
Salenia tzovempror•incialis Ntsl!l Y A~IA .. r
Charcharodon cf. augstidetzs :\c. . .... r(a: abundant, c : common. f : few andr: rare.)The above fossils are mostly charac·
teristic members of the Crassate/lites
yabei zone of T. NAGAO (1928) or theVe11ericardia t•esti/oides zone of A. :.hzu·:-;o (1956). some of which suggest warm
sea or littoral zone.
The fauna of the Kurokawa sandstone
in the southern district. which is corre·
lated to the Sari Sandstone. is somewhat
different from the above fauna. as repre·
sented by the followings;
Coral ................................ f
Turritella infra/ira/a NAGAO . . . . . . . . . . r
Crassatellites inconspicuus XAt~AO .... f
Venaicardia 1•estitoides .MrzuNO ...... a
Callis!a lwnzawai (NAGAO) .......... a1\lacoma sp. . ......................... r
Angulus cf. ma:r:imus (NAGAO) ........ r
Echinoid ............................ r(a: abundant. c: common, f : few andr: rare.)These fossils arc found in green
medium-grained sandstones. The brachiopod and littoral shells, such as Septijer
and Ostrea, are absent in this fauna.
Therefore it is reasonable to conclude
that the difference between the northernand southern faunas depends on the en-

vironment. At the Sari times the north·ern part was near-shore and the palaeo·
Karatsu sea was expanded and at thesame time becames deeper southwesterly.
The writer infers further that the bra·
chiopocl is a sandy bottom dweller in theshallow littoral zone under the inftuenceof warm current.
Description of Species

Family Terebratellidae,
Subfamily Dallininae
Genus Terebratalia BEECHEI~. 1893
Terebratalia lwratsttensis new species
Plate 39. figures la-c, 2a-c.

Description :-Shell moderate in size,
more or less transversely orbicular, as
long as wide; widest ncar or at a point
slightly posterior to mid-length of shell.
and considerably convex. ventral valve
nearly twice of dorsal valve in convexity;
beak swollen and truncated by an incom·
plete foramen : surface with concentric
growth lines only. Umbo swollen. form·
ing strongly convex curve. inflated vent·rally and abruptly truncated by beak
which is pierced with incomplete foramen
permesothyrid in position and bordered
by weak deltidial plates. Hinge-line terebratulid with the expanded lateral extre·
mities which forms a rather distinct
angle with lateral margin. Lateral andanterior commissures apparently straight.
Concentric growth lines becoming stronger and apparently somewhat corrugatedanteriorly.
Interior of ventral valve with strong--------

Explanation of Plate 39
Tm·ebratalia lwratsuensis new spcdes.
Figs. la-c: Holotypc. a: pedicle. b: brachial and c: lateral views. x l. 5. Loc.; A quarryncar IIieda, Kitahata-mura, lligashimatsura-gun, Saga Prefecture: Sari Sandstoneof Kishima group.
Figs. 2a-c: Paratype. internal mould of both valves. a: pedicle, b: brachial and c: lateralviews. l. 5. Loc. : same as above.

429.

New Species oj TerebrataLia

septal ridge and muscular impressions
and narrow grooves extending up into
the beak, septal ridge bifurcated: grooves
for genital sinuses obsolete. Interior of
dorsal valve with narrow blade-likemedian septum with two lateral deeply
sunken muscular scars bordered by long·itudinal grooves and ridges. Cardinal
process blunt. transversely expanded. low.
Crural processes very short.
Dimensions (in mm) :Length Width'

Holotype
Paratype,I
internal mould

Thickness

+38

39

~3

+35

37

18

I

Remarks :-This species resembles
Terebmtalia imzaiensis (HAYASAKA!. 1922.
and Terebratalia semlaica HATAI, 1936.
two lvliocene species of Honshu. japan
in general outline. but it can be ct istinguished by the following features. FromTerebratalia sendaica. it differs particularly in the features of the septal ridge.
median septum and muscular scars.
From Terebratalia imzaiensis, thepresent one is readily distinguished byits more inflated shell. lack of radial
sculpture at and near the beak and by
the blade-like median septum. bifurcatedseptal ridge and stronger muscular scars.
Some specimens derived from thel\leinohama formation of the Fukuoka
coal field and reported as " Terebralula "sp. by H. .tvlATSUSillTA, are identifiablewith this species.
Syntypes :-Preserved in Geological
Institute. Kyushu University. Fukuoka.
Type locality :-A quarry about 1000
meters south of Hieda. Kitahata-mura.
Higashimatsura-gun, Saga Prefecture.*
Geological horizon :-Sari Sandstone,
Kishima group; Upper Oligocene.

References
HATAI, K. (1936) : Xeogene Brachiopoda fromJapan. japan. ]our. Geol. Geogr .. l'ot. 13.
- - (1936): A Preliminary Note on the
Tertian· Brachiopod Fauna of Japan.
Proc. Imp ..4cad .. vot. 12. no . .J.
- - (1937) : The Stratigraphic Signiticanceof Tertiary Brachiopoda. japan. jour.
Geol. Geogr .. z·ol. 1-1. nos. 1-2.
- - (1940) : The Cenozoic Brachiopoda ofJapan. Sci. Rep .. Tolwku Imp. Uuir .. ser.
2. ~·ol. XX.

l-IAYAS.\KA, I. (1922): On Some Tertiary
Brachiopods from Japan. Ibid .. ro/. VI. no.
2.
l;o.;Ot;E. E. (1958): On the Geological Struc·ture and Lithofacies Variation of theKishima Group in the Karatsu Coal-Field.
jour. Geot. Soc. japan. mi. 6 .J. no. 1-18.
:MATSCSlliTA. H. (1949): A Summary of the
Palaeogene Stratigraphy oi Northern
Kyushu. :Hem. Fuc. Sci.. Kyuslm l.hzil.-..
scr. D. rot. 3. 110. 2.
1\IIzL·:-..;o, A. (1956) : A Preliminary Note on
the Megafauna! Zones of the Palaeogene
in 0:orlhwestern Kyushu. Japan. Hull.
Geot. Sun·. japan, z•ot. I, 110. 6.
N.\GAO. T. (19~8) : Palaeogene Fossils of theIsland of Kyushu, japan. Sci. Rep .. Tohoku
Imp. [/nit• .. ser. 2. rot. X ll. no. 1.
"\'o:..!LlRA. S. and HATAJ. K. (1937) : A Listof the lVliocene Mollusca and Brachiopoda
collected from the Region Lying Northof the Nanakita River in the Vicinityof Sendai, Rikuzcn Province. japan. Saito
Hn-011 1\.ai Mus .. Res. Bull.. 110. 13.
TAKAIL\5111, R.. Ur:oA. Y. and liL\HASHJ. T.
(1957) : Study on the so-called Kishima
Group in the Karatsu-Sasebo Coal-Field.
North-western 1\.yushu, Japan, Part Il.
jour. Geo/. Soc. japan. rot. 63. 110. 7 39.
YA:>.IASAKI. T. (1959) : Stratigraphic Relation
between the Palaeogene Kishima and?\ishisonogi Groups. Kyu~hu. Rep. Re·
search !11s .. Sci. Ind .. 1\.yu.~hu Unit• .. no. 26.
- - . ?vL'\TSUl\.IOTO, Y. and .:vloR!:'\AGA. Y.
(1960) : Stratigraphic Relation between
the Palaeogene Ochi and Kishima Groups
in northern Karatsu Coal-Field, Kyushu.
Ibid .. no. 27.

Trans. Proc. Palacont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 46. pp. 254-262. Pl. 40, june 10. 1962

430.

l\IEGAFOSSILS FROM NEAR HIGASHI-MATSUYAMA CITY,SAIT Ai\IA PREFECTURE .•JAPAN*
KOTORA HATAI
Institute of Geology and Paleontology. Faculty of Science,
Tohoku University
and

KOlCJIIRO l\lASCDA
Department of Geology. Faculty of Education.
Tohoku University.lij.:t:!Jt1, ~[fl:Il.nn rMill.(J):;kiDHt.::c.; : t~ Ji~~J$!ti:UITtiF>H:iliQ) m.:::::f:C/1'4tJ. J?l*~ L. t~-J(li'Jft.Til::.
"'?~ • -c li!f1!: L.. ±.!!{~t:.lt*!llf!J,I.(I)fft!llfJ!ftllfl:.rtiifl L. t..:ft.:fitJ:~~ tt -c ~ •~ :. .:: ~m~ L.t..:.
!l!>:.tPiJii!ti~Mc ~:<.. l?tt~ffl>~lll~n·l?. =ttN-1\Iic ~H::C::fll!Q.;:fiiHi~iie~L.t..:.
:J:!ll ~j: tj. !1r. • J:ti Ill $: Ufl

Introduction
The stratigraphy of the Tertiary deposits developed and distributed in theenvirons of Higashi-~latsuyama City,
Saitama Prefecture. Central Japan was
first studied by l'vl. KOBAYASHI 11935) andsubsequently by K. WATAl\AilE et a!.
(19501. The writers collected many megafossils from the Tertiary deposits developed and distributed in the environs ofHigashi-~latsuyama City, and concerningthem some discussions are given on theirgeological significance as a contribution
to our knowledge on the present area.
Some species of molluscs thought to beundescribed forms are also given in thisarticle.
Outlines of Stratigraphy

City the following formations in ascend·
ing order: Yorii conglomerate. Tatsugase
formation. Ozona formation. Arakawa
format ion. Shichigo (Tokigawa) formation. Fukuda formation. Tsuchishio for·mation and Yagii formation and consi·
dered the Yorii to be Oligo-tvliocene, theTatsugase to be Early ivliocene and theupper or younger formations to be!\'Iiddle l\liocene in age.
The \legafossil fauna treated in thepresent article was collected from the
Ozono. Arakawa, Tokigawa and Tsuchi·
shio formations. According to \\1ATA·:\ABE et al. the Tokigawa formation
which has yielded abundant megafossils
in the area south of Higashi-l\latsuyarna
City corresponds to the Shichigo formation in the area northwest of Iligashil\latsuyarna.
Note!'l on Paleontology\VA TANABE eta/. (1950) distinguishedin the environs of lligashi-7\latsuyama

The megafossil fauna from the present area consists of molluscs, brachiopods, echinoids, fishes, etc. Among them

* Received Nov. 18. 1961; read Nov. 18,
1961.

25-t

430.

Megafossils from near Higashi-Motsu.yama City

the molluscs are most abundant andusually rather well preserved.
In the following lines the ·writers
will describe the faunal characters of theformations from the lower to the upper.
a) Ozono formation
The molluscs collected from the carbonaceous. coarse-grained sandstone of
the Ozono formation at the left cliff of
the Arakawa River below Nakakomaeda.
Yorii-machi. Osato-gun. Saitama Prefecture are:Ost1·ea gral'ilesta YOKOYA~IA... F*
Corbicula sp ......................... F
Dip!odonta ferntl!inata l'v1AKIYA~IA .. F
Pillucina sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .. R
Siraloria simtoriensis (OTL'KA) ...... R
LamelliconciUJ kazuadai AoKI ........ F
Katherinel/a cf. iizukai (YoKOYA\IA)·············· .......

. .. cPilar cf. itoi (MAKIY:\:\1.\) .
. .. A
Cyclina jaj10nica K.·\:\1.\DA...
. .. F
1l1eretrix arugai ClTtiKA. . . . .
. .. C
Corbula nisataiensis ClTUi:A .
. .. F
Sole/ellina minoensis (YOKOL\:\IA) .. A
!Uacoma aomoriensis NO:\IUL\ . . . . . . . . F
Macoma cf. optim (YOKOYA:\1.-\) .... A
1Hacoma cf. tokyoensis MAKIYA:\IA .. F
Solem d. gouldi Co!'RAD . . . . .
. F
Vicarya callosa japonica YABE and
HATAl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FVicaryel!a tyosenica YABE andli.\T.-\1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

...C

These molluscs are usually foundclosely accumulated in the coarse-graineel sandstone la~rer. Among the molluscs
given in the above list. Corbiwla. C~rclina.
Soletellina. etc. occur with both \·alvcs
intact but the others are found as isolated \·ahes. though they arc all rather
well preserved. The occurrence of thebrackish water genera as Vicarya. Vicaryella. Corbicula. Ostrea and others indicatethat the Ozono formation may have been

* Abbreviation: A .. abundant :mon; F .. few: R .. rare.

C .. com-255

deposited under the influence of warmand shallow brackish water conditions.
b) Arakawa formation
The molluscan shells from the Arakawa formation are found to occur sporadically in the tuffaceous sandy siltstone
at the south of Nishi-Furusato. Obusumamura. Osato-gun. Saitama Prefecture.
They are rather unfavorably preserved
and the following were identified:
Ostrea d. gml'ifesta YoKoY.HIA .... R
Chlamys cf. kanelzarai (YoKOYA:\IA) .. R
Patinopecten kimurai (Y or-:oY.'\~IA) .. R
Lima goliath (SowEI~BY) . . .
. .. F
Clinocardium sp. . . .
. .... F
Balanus sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... Fc)Tokigawa formation
Numerous megafossils occur fromthe Tokigawa formation distributed in
the area south of Higashi-?vlatsuyama
City and consist of molluscs. brachiopods.
echinoids. fishes. etc. Among them themolluscs are the most predominant andwere collected from 11 fossil localities.
Of the total 65 species and 11 indeterminedmolluscs four species are thought to be
new to science and they are describedin this article. The faunal list is shownin Tables 1-2.
The shells bearing deposits of localities l-5 consist of granule conglomerate
to fine-grained sandstone. while those of
localities 6-11 mainly comprise siltstone.
The former localities represent the lower
horizon and the latter ones the upper
stratigraphically. In general. the megafossils from the lower horizon are moreabundant than those from the upperhorizon in number of indi\·icluals andspecies.
The representative genera from thelower horizon are .'leila. Emmcula. Nuculana, Saccella. Portlandia. Limopsis ..Solamen. ilia coma. Cuspidaria. Dcnta/ium.
Lischkeia, .. So/ariel/a··. Jl!inolia. Otolitlms.
etc. \Vhile in the upper horizon there2il()

Kotara Il>!TAI and Koichiro AfASUJM
Table I.

----~--

Specific Xame.-leila di1•aricala (H1:--;os).·I. insignis (GauL ll)

LocalityI------=-=1~

Enmtcula lenuis (l\1o~TAGU)
lv'undmw robai K 11 RODA
Sacce/la CO/{(usa (HA~LEY)
S. gordonis (YoKoL\:>.IA)S. komzoi HATAI and 1\L'\SCDA, n. sp.
Porllandia japouica (ADAMS).·!nadara sp.
Limopsis tokaiensis YoKOYA~IA
L. cttmingi A. AI>A:O.IS
Modiolus dijicilis (KURODA and Ht\BE).ll. sp.
So/amen diapluma (DALL)
Chlamys sp.
Polynemamussium inluscostatum (YoKoYAMA)
Oslrea sp.
Limatula kurodai OYA:>.IA
l'romantellum lzirasei (PILSBR Y)
lfesicomya kalsuae KURODA
Trapezium liratum (REE\'E)
Felaniella usta (GouLD)
Lucinoma acutililtealum (CONRAD)
Venericardia j'ermginea Cu:ssiN" Cardium " sp.
Cyclina orienta/is (SoWERBY)
l'enus toreuma (GoULD)
Jlfercenaria cf. yokoyamai l'vl.-\KIYAl\IA
Dosinia sp.
.l1acoma nippottica (TOKli:"AGA)
JH. praetexta (v. MARTE:-<s),l/. IO/lyoensis MAKIYAl\IAFabulina iridella (v. MARTENS)
F nilidula (DuNKER)
Cryptomya busoettsis YoKOYA~IA
Teredo sp.
Periploma cf. pufcltel/um HATAI and

I F
I

I

c

C
A

3
4
5
6 7 8 9 10------ ------F F
R F
F
R
c A

c
A
R

A

c

F

R

A
A

c

F

A A

c

A

A

Loc.

F

F

c
F

F

R
F

R

F
R

R

R

c
R
c c

R

F

R

R

F
R

c

R

F
F
R

c

R
F

1{
R

C

A

c c c

C

F
R

R
R

R

F
A

c
c

c

c

A

F
F

F
F

c

F

F
R

F

R

c

NISIYAMA

Cuspidaria gmt/diana septentrionalis KURODA
C. nobilis (A. AoA~Is)
C. japo11ica KnwDA

A
A

A
R

11

R
F

F
R

F
R

A

Road-side exposure. about <150m. southeast of Okura, Sugaya-mura. Hiki-gun, Saitama
Prefecture (tuffaceous medium-grained sandstone).
Locs. 2 and 3: River cliff, about 600 m. southeastsouth of Okura. Sugaya-mura. Saitama
Prefecturc(2: granule conglomerate to very coarse-grained sandstone; 3: tuffaceous
fine-grained sandstone).
Loc. 4: RiYer cliff, about 600 m. west of Gooo, Higashi-Matsuyama City, Saitama Hiki·gun.
Saitama Prefecture (tuffaceous fine-grained sandstone).
Loc. 5: River-side small cliff. western end of Godo, Iligashi-Matsuyama City. Saitama Prefecture (tuffaceous fine-grained sandstone).
Loc. 6: Ri\er clff. southeastern end of Shogunzawa. Sugaya-mura, Hiki-gun. Saitama Prefecture (siltstone).
Loc. 7: Road-side exposure, about 500 m. southwest of Shogunzawa, Sugaya-mura, IIiki-gun,
1:

430.

257

Megafossils from near Higashi-1\lfatsuyama City

Puncturclla hirasei 0Tt.'KA
P. 11o/Jilis A. AD1\:"o.IS
Lischkeia crumpi (PtL~WRY)
Calliostoma tmicum (Dt::--:KER)
Gibbula sailamt•usis liATAI and MASL'LJ:\, n. sp.
:llinolia pseudobscura (YOKOY:\:"o.IA).. Solariella" musashicma HATAI and MAst:DA,n. sp.
Leptothyra pseudotranseuna (OZAKI)
Turbo cf. coremsis Rt:CLt.:Z
Cocculina japonica D.·\LL
Cerithium exelsum (Y OKOY A~! A)Nez•erita didyma (RODI:oiG)
Tectonalica jcmlhostomoides (KL:RODA and
I-lAB E)

Trop!umopsis candelabrum (REEVE)
Beringius sp.
Volutopsius kmmoi HATAI and MAS!'DA. n. sp.
flnci.~trolepis tmclwideus (DAt.L)
Siphmwlia fusoides (R ~: E\' E)
Bucci1111111 sp.
Fulgoraria pret•ostiana (CRossE)
Cancellaria lima/a YoKoY A)'.JA.·'tforia nojime11sis (YoKOYA)'.f:\)
Etremopa cosibmzsis (Y OKOYA M :\)Turris leucotropis (ADAMS and REEVE)
Propebela candida (YoKOYA:"o.IA)
Oenopota cf. kagana (YoKOYA~IA)
PyrwiCulus tokyoensis IIABE
Leucotina sp.
Liloa CIIT<l (A. ADAJ\IS)
Semiretusa cf. globosus (YAI\JAI<AWA)
Acteocina cf. delicatulus (A. ADA)'.IS)
Dentalium yokoyamai MAKIYA~IA
D. u•einkaujii J)Ul\KER
D. septentrionale Ov A)'.IA
A.turia sp. (n. sp. ?)Laqueus rubellus (SoWE!lBY)
Lintltia sp.
Otolitlms spp.
Fish scale
Cetacea sp.
lsurus lwstalis AGASSIZ
Sardinia sp.
Makiyama sp.

F

C

C

C

C R
R

F
A

R

F

C F C A
A

C

A

C

R

A

F

c

R

A

R

C

C

C

C

F

R
A

C

C F
R

R
C

I~

R

R

R

F
R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R
F

R
F

F

C C

F
R

F

c
R

C

A

A

A

A

A

C

F

F

R

F
R

R

R

F

C

R
R

F

C
C F
A F
C
F
R

C
F

c
c c

C F
C F

Saitama Prefecture (siltstone).
Road-side exposure, west of Shimo-G6do, Higashi-Matsuyama City, Saitama Prefecture(siltstone).
Loc. 9: Road-side cliff, about 150m. south of Loc. 8, about 250m. southwest of Shimo-GOdo,
Higashi-Matsuyama City. Saitama Prefecture (siltstone).
Loc. 10: Road-side cliff, about 500 m. southwest of Shimo-Godo, Higashi-Matsuyama City,
Saitama Prefecture (siltstone).
Loc.Il: Road-side exposure at Izui. Kamei-mura, Hiki-gun. Saitama Prefecture (siltstone).
Loc. 8:

Kotara HAT.·li and Koichiro MlSUDA

258

is recognized an increase in individualsof Lucinoma aculilineatum and i11akiyama
sp. The occurrence of 1 lturia is note·
worthy.
From the above giyen accounts il isconsidered that the lower horizon of theTokigawa formation may have been de·posited under the influence of rather
warm water of an off shore environment
and the upper horizon of the formation
under the influence of rather deeper
water condition.
d) Tsuchishio formation
Abundant molluscs were found fromthe alternation of very fine-grained sand·stone and siltstone at Tsuchishio. Name·
kawa-mura. 6sato·gun. Saitama Prefecture, associated with some sand-pipes.
These molluscs occur as molds or casts
but their morphological characteristics
are rather well preserved. The follow·
ing species were determined.
Acila divaricala (Hrl'Ds)..... F
.Vuculana sp. . ...................... C
Yoldia IUlgammuma (YoKOYA~IA) .. C
Anadara cf. amicula (YoKOYA:-orA) .. C
Limopsis cf. nipponica YOKOYA~IA .... R
rlequipecten sp. . . .
. .. R
Clinocardium d. cilialzan (FAnRrcn;s)..... ... ......... ...
.. ..... FPolynemamussium sp.
. ........ R
Astarte cf. hakodalensis YoKOYA~IA .. F
Dosinia d. japonica (lh:EYF.) ........ R
i1Iacoma cf. inco11grua (v. l'viARTE:-IS) .. R
Sanguinolaria sp ..................... C
Cadet/a delta (YoKOYA~L-\) .......... R
Cultc/lus attemwtus Dlll\FER ........ F
Cryptomya busoensis YoKOYA~IA .... F
Oplzioderme!la ogurana (YoKoYA:~>tA) .. R
Searlesia cf. fuscolabiata (S~IITH) .... C
Turritclfa saislmensis molidukii
0TLIKA.............

. .. C

Polin ices sp. . . . . .
. ............ C
fitsinus perp!exus (A. ADAliiS) ...... R
Ctmcellaria cf. laticosta LOBBF.CKE .. C
Cancellaria spe11gleriana DESHA YF.S .. R

From the list it may be consideredthat the present fauna may have been
deposited under the influence of a rather
cool to moderate shallow water condition.
The occurrence of Auadam cf. amicula.
-' 1stm1e cf. lwkodatensis. Turritella saislm·
ensis motidullii. etc. which are common
in the Late Miocene deposits distributedin North Honshu are noteworthy because
they extend the distribution of the Late
IVliocene fauna of japan.
Molluscan shells and fish scales arefound sporadically in the granule to peb·ble bearing massive siltstone at the rightcliff of the Arakawa River. Honda. l\loto·hata·mura. 6sato·gun, Saitama Prefecture. They arc as follows.
Solem;·a e/ot1gata AoKr . . . . .
. .. R
Nucula sp ........................... R
J.llatldia sp. . ........................ F
Nuculana sadoensis (YOKOYAl\IA) .... R
Yoldia cf. Jmmkutiensis NOl\IURA and
ZtNBO............................

cPortlandia japonit:a (A. Ao.\~rs) .... F
Area cf. boucardi Jous~L\.U~IE ...... R
Crenella sp. . ........................ F
Lucinoma w:utilineatum (CoxRAD) .. C
iHacoma cf. incongrua (v. l\IARTEl\s)............................ F
1\fya japoniw 1,~ Y .•................ R
Solariella ? sp. . ..................... R
Tectouatica jantlwstomoides (KuROD.\
ami I-lAB E).............
. .... F
Dentalium st:p/entrionale OY.-\MA .... R
Fishscales .......................... C

Among the molluscs in the above
list Yoldia, Portlandia, Lucinoma. etc.
mainly consist of intact valves. judged
from the molluscan assemblages andlithological characters the deposition of
the present fauna may have been under
the influence of a rather deep watercondition.
Correlation and Geological Age

From the occurrence of Ostrea gravi·
testa, Siratoria siratorieusis, Cyclina japo·

430.

Megafossils from near l!igashi-Matsuyama City

nica. Solelellina minoensis. Vicarya callosa
japonicrr. Vicaryella tyosenica. etc. it isevident that the fossil fauna of the Ozona formation can be correlated with the
Early Miocene fauna of extensive distri·bution in Japan and Korea (HATAI, 1960).
The fauna of the Hciroku formation of
Korea. the Yatsuo of Toyama. Higashi·
lnnai of Ishikawa, Shobara of Hiroshima.
Uetsuki of Okayama. t\lizunami of Gifu.
Ajiri of Miyagi, Shiratori of Iwate Prefectures. etc. are all thought to be correlati\·e with the present fauna.
The molluscan fauna from the Arakawa formation may also be correlatedwith the Early !vliocene fauna of Japan.
The fossil fauna from the Tokigawa
formation may be Late !'vliocene in age.
Although the Late ~liocene megafossil
fauna in the Kwanto Region has hitherto
not been known sufficiently, it is considered that the Tokigawa fauna may correspond to the Genjigawa and lsozaki
formations in lbaraki Prefecture (OZAKI
and SAITO, 1%1. SAITO, 1956) from thecharacteristics of the molluscan assemblages.
The occurrences of Anadara cf.
amicula. Turritella saislmensis motidukii
from the Tsuchishio formation are very
interesting from the view point of faunalassemblages. because the faunal characters arc closely related with those of the
Shigarami fauna in Nagano Prefecture(TOl\!IZAWA. 1958) but not with those of
the Kwanto Region.

Description of New Species

Family Nuculanidae
Genus Saccella vVoonRJl'\G, 1925

Saccel/a lunmoi HATAI and MASUDA,
new species
Plate 40. figures 3. 4, 5.

259

Holotype :-DGS.* Reg. No. 4235.
Shell small, rather thin. moderately
inflated. transversely elongated: inequilateral. anterior side somewhat shorter
than posterior ; anterior margin rather
sharply rounded; posterior margin obtusely pointed. Ventral margin broadly
rounded. Surface with ridge runningfrom beak to posterior end and with obsolete one extending from beak to lower
part of posterior portion; lower ridge tends
to become very faint near postero-ventral
margin; surface sculptured with rather
coarse. irregular concentric growth lines
which tend to obsolete near antero- andposterior sides and narrower than theirinterspaces.
Escutcheon rather wide,
lanceolated, with faint, fine growth lines,
sharply bounded by upper radiating
ridge. Characteristics of interior surface
remain unknown.
Dimensions (in mm.) :- llolotype.
height 5.3, length 7.9, depth 2.5; paratypes, height 6.4, length 10.2. depth 2.8;
height 5.2, length 8.0, depth 2.3.
Remarks :-This new species isnamed in honor of Prof. Enzo l<oN'No of
the Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University.
The present new species resembles
Saccel/a confusa (HA!\LEY) (SUZUKI and
ISIIIZUKA. 1943, p. 53. pl. 1. figs. 1-7), but
it can be distinguished from the latterby its small shell and surface sculpture
consisting of coarse irregular concentric
growth lines which tend to become obsolete towards the antero- and posterior
Saccella gordo11is (YOKOYA!\IA)sides.
(1920, p. 177. pl. 19, figs. 4. 5) differsfrom the present one by its lower shelland regularly spaced concentric growth* Abbrcvialion for Department of Geology.
Faculty of Education, Tohoku University.
Sendai.

2GO

Kotara H4.TM and Koichiro JJ1ASUDA.

lines.
Type locality, Geological formation
and Age :-Locality 4 (Lat. 36"04'56''N.,
Long. 139.19'16"'E.). Tokigawa formation. Late ~Eocene.
Distribution :-Known only from thepresent area.
Family Trochidae
Genus Gibbula RISSO, 1826

Gibbula saitamensis IIATAI and 1\IASUDA,
new species
Plate 40. figures 23 a-c.

!Iolotype :-DGS, Reg. No. 4247.
Shell moderate in size. rather thick,trochoid; younger whorls lost; spiralangle about 120·. Shell consisting ofabout five whorls separated by obscuresutures, sculptured with four, distinct
spiral cords of \Vhich lower t\vo more
distinct than upper two, very faint, finespiral threads between spiral cords andfine incremental lines; spiral cords
much narrower than their interspaces.
Base of whorl moderately inflated, with
about 13. faint, unequal, nearly equally
spaced spiral threads and fine incremental lines. Umbilicus deep, funnel shaped,with several spiral threads.
Dimensions (in mm.) :-Height ca. 15,
max. diameter 21, min. diameter 18.
Remarks-Only one rather imperfectspecimen is found in the collection.
Gibbula japonica (A. ADAMS) (DU!\·
KER, 1882, p. 144, tlgs. 17, 18), a living
species of western japan, can be distinguished from the present one by its smaller shell, more number of somewhat
granulated spiral cords and channeledsutures.
Type locality, Geological formation
and Age :-Locality 5 (Lat. 36'04'50"N.,
Long. 139.19'34"E.). Tokigawa formation. Late l\•1 iocene.

Distribution :-Known only from thetype locality.
Family Trochidae
Genus Solariella \Voon. 1842

"So/ariel/a" musashiana HAT AI and
MASUDA, new species
Plate 40, figures 14-17.

Holotype :-DGS. Reg. No. 4241.
Shell small. thin. nearly discoidal;
surface smooth. polished, ornamented by
faint. fine incremental lines and very
faint. line spiral threads. Whorls about
four. rapidly enlarging. separated byrather distinct, impressed sutures. Body
whorl ventricose. Aperture nearly circular: outer and inner lips simple andsharp. Umbilicus rather large and deep.
Di111ensions (in mm.) :- Holotype,height 7.5, maximum diameter 11.5.
minimum· diameter 8.5: paratypes, height
6.5. max. diameter 15. min. diameter 10.3;
height 6. max, diameter 11.5, min. diameter 8.5.
Rcmarl?s :-Solariella fulgens DALL
(1925. p. 20. pl. 36, figs. 2. 10), a Recent
species of japan. can be distinguishedfrom the present one by the su bcircularshell and rather small aperture.
Type locality. Geological formation and
Age-Loc. 2 (Lat. 36'05'06"N., Long. 139·
19'05"E.). Tokigawa formation. Late
Miocene.
Distribution :-Known only from thepresent area.
Family Buccinidae
Genus Volutopsius MORCH, 1857

Vo/utopsius konnoi HATAI and rv1ASUI>A,
new species
Plate ·10. ligures Hla-b. 20a-b.

l!ololype :-DGS, Reg. No. -1244.

430.

Megafossils from near Higashi-Matsuyama City

Shell rather small. thin. fusiform;
provided with five whorls: nucleus rather
large, rounded: spiral angle about 50'.
Whorls rapidly enlarging; shoulders
rounded: separated from each other bywell defined sutures: sculptured withweak. longitudinal ribs, incremental lines
and spiral threads: longitudinal ribs
subvertical. numbering about 15 on bodywhorl. rather distinct on upper part but
tend to become obsolete and disappear
towards base. separated by interspaces
broader than ribs themselves. Body
\Vhorl very large, roundly shouldered
above and contracted below. Basal fasciole rather faintly defined by shallow
groove. Aperture long, narrow, much
more than one-half of shell length: outer
lip thin and simple; inner lip smoothwith thin callus.
Dimensions (in mm) : - Holotype,height 15.5. diameter 7.5; paratype.
height ca. 31, diameter 17.
Remarks :-This species is named in·honor of Prof. Enzo Ko~·:-:o. This is arare genus in the Tertiary strata ofjapan. The present new species can be
distinguished from Volutopsius middendorfi DALL (1891. p. 186), a Recent speciesof the Northern Pacific, by its small shell,longitudinal ribs on upper part of whorls.
Type locality, Geological formation and.'l);e :-Loc. 5 (Lat. 36'04'50"N .. Long.
139' l9'34"E.). Tokigawa formation. Late?\liocene.
Distribution :-Known only from thepresent area.
References
W. H., (1891): On Some New or Interesting \Vest American Shells Obtained
from Dredgings of the U.S. Fish Com-

DALL,

2Gl

mission Steamer .. Albatross" in 1888.
Proc. U.S . .\'at ..\Ius .. Vol. J.l, pp. 173-191.
1 pl.
- - . (1925): Illustrations of Unfigured Type~of Shells in the Collection of the UnitedStates National i\-luseum. !hid., Vol. 68.
pp. 1-41. pis. 1-36.
Dv:->KER, \V .. (1882) : Index ~Iolluscorum
Maris Japonici. pp. 1-301. pis. 1--16.
lL\TAI, K .. (1960) : Japanese Miocene Reconsidered. Sci. Rep., Tolwku Unir.. Ser. 2.
Spec. Vol .. :Yo. 4. pp. 127-153.
KoBAYASHI, M .. (1935): Geology of Matsuyama District in the Northwestern Partof Kwanto Plain. four. Geogr .. Vol. 47.
No. 555, pp. 211-22-1.
OZAKI, 11. and SAITO. T. (1954): Stratigraphi·
cal Studies of the Tertiary System in
the Environs of Ota-machi, Kuji-gun.
lbaraki Prefecture (Geology of lbaraki
Prefecture, Part 2) Bull. Fac. Ub . .47-t.<,Ibaraki Univ., Nat. Sci., No. 4. pp. 87--93,
text-figs. 1-4.
SAITO. T.. (1956) : The Tertiary System in
the Environs of Nakaminato City (Geology of lbaraki Prefecture, Part 4) Ibid ..
No. 6, pp. 39-50. text-figs. 1-7.
St:zt.;KJ. K. and lSHIZUKA, K. (1943) : On the
Variation of Nucula11a cmlfttsa (HANLEY).
with Description of a New Subspecies.
japan. jour. Malar., Vol. 13, Nos. 1--1,
pp 38-6·1. pis. 1--2, text-figs. 1-18.
To:-.nzAw A, T., (1958): Studies on Fossils
from Kami-Minochi-gun, Nagano Prefecture in T. a lUI K. Y,wJ, Geology r~f
Kami-Minochi-grm. pp. 317-347, pis. 1-14 .
text-figs. 97-101.
\VATAl'AilE, K .. ARAI. ]. and HAYASHI. T.
(1950) : Tertiary Geology in NortheasternMarginal Region of the Kwanto Mountainland Bull. Chichibtt Mus. Nat. Hisl .. l1io.
1, pp. 93-146. pis. 1-6, text-figs. 1-9.
YOKOYAMA, M., (1920): Fossils from theMiura Peninsula and Its Immediate ::-iorth.
_lour. Col!. Sci .. Imp. Unit·. Tokyo, Vol. 39,
Art. 6, pp. 1-186, pis. 1-20.

262

Kotora HATM and Koichiro JV!A.SUD:lExplanation of Plate 40

Figs. 1. 2. Nuculaua (Nuculana) robai KURODA. 1. Left valve. X 1. 6. 2, Hight valve. X I. 6.
DGS, Reg. No. 4234. Loc. 5. Tokigawa Miocene.
Figs. 3-5. Saccella kmmoi HATA! and MASUDA. n. sp. 3, Left valve. X l. 6. Holotype, DGS,
Reg. No. 4235. Loc. 4. Tokigawa Miocene. 4. Right valve. X 1. 6. 5, Left valve. X 1. 6.
Paratype, DGS, Reg. No. 4236. Loc. 2. Tokigawa Miocene.
Figs. 6, 7. Portlandia japonica (A. ADAMS.) Right valve. X 1. 2. DGS, Reg. No. 4237. Loc. 5.
Tokigawa Miocene.
Fig. 8. Yolciia sp. Right valve. x 1. 2. DGS. Reg. :\o. 4238. Loc. 5. Tokigawa Miocene.
Figs. 9-11. Limopsis tokaiensis YoKOYA:'\IA. 9. Left valve. x 1. 2. 10. 11. Right valve. X 1. 2.
DGS. Reg. No. ·1239. Loc. 5. Tokigawa Miocene.
Figs. 12, 13. Cuspidaria japo11ica Kt:RODA. Right valve. X 1. 2. DGS. Reg. No. 4240. Loc. 5.
Tokigawa Miocene.
Figs. 14a·c. 15, 16, 17a·b. "Solariella ·· musaslziana HAT AI and MASUDA. n. sp. Ha, Apical view,x 1. 35. 14b, Umbilical view. xl. 35. 14c, Apertural view. X 1. 35. Holotype. DGS. Reg.
No. •1211. Loc. •I. Tokigawa Miocene. 15. 16. Apical view, xi. 35. 17a, Apical view,x 1. 35. 17b. Umbilical view of 17a, x 1. 35. Para type, DGS, Reg. No. 42-12. Loc. 4. Toki·
gawa Miocene.
Figs. ISa·h. Lischlleia crumpi (PILSHRY). a. Apertural view. xl. 2. b. Dorsal view of 18a.
x 1. 2. DGS, Reg. No. 4243. Loc. 4. Tokigawa Miocene.
Figs. 19a·h. 20a·b. Voluloj>sius lwmwi HAT AI and MAsuo,\. n. sp. 19a, Apcrlural view. xl. 4.
HJb, Dorsal view of 19a, x 1. 4. Uolotype, DGS. Reg. No. •1244. Loc. 5. Tokigawa Miocene.
20a, Apcrtural view, X 1. 2. 20b, Dorsal view of 20a. x 1. 2. Para type, DGS, Reg. No. -1245.
Loc. 2. Tokigawa Miocene.
Figs. 2l. 22. Turri/ ella saislmensis motidukii 0Tt:KA. 21, Dorsal view, x 1. 2. 22. Aperturalview, X 1. 2. DGS, Reg. No. 4246. Loc. Tsuchishio, Namekawa-mura, ()sato.gun, Saitama
Prefecture. Tsuchishio Miocene.
Figs. 23a·c. Giblmla saitammsis HATAI and MASt:DA, n. sp. a, Apical view, X 1. 4. b, Umbilicalview of 23a, xI. 4. c. A pert ural view of 23a, X 1. 4. Holotype, DGS. Reg. No. -12·17. Loc.
5. Tokigawa Miocene.
Figs. 24a·b. Pynmculus tokyoensis HABE. a, Apertural view, xl. 2. · b, Dorsal view of 24a,x 1. 2. DGS. Reg. No. 4249. Loc. 1. Tokigawa Miocene.
Fig. 25. Neritopsis sp. Apical view, xl. 35. DGS. Reg. No. 4250. Loc. 2. Tokigawa Miocene.
Figs. 26, 27. Plumelo!epida pseudotransenna OzAKI. Apical view. x 1. 35. DGS, Reg. No. 4251.
Loc. 5. Tokigawa Miocene.
Fig. 28. Troph01wpsis candelabrum (REEVE). Dorsal view. x 1. 2. DGS. Reg. No. 4252. Loc, 6.
Tokigawa Miocene.
Fig. 29. ilturia sp. (n. sp.?). X 1. DGS. Reg. No. 4253. Loc. 6. Tokigawa Miocene.
Fig. 30. Problematica, probably part of tail bone of some kind of fish. X 1. DGS, Reg. No.
4254. Loc. l. Tokigawa Miocene.

HATAI and MASUDA : Megafossils from Saitama

Plate 40

28

K. M ASUDA phot oTrans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. X S .. No. 46. pp. 263-271. Pl. 41. June 10. 1962

431.

DIE SOGENAN~TE .. FICUS ·• TILIAEFOL!A (AL. BR.) HEER*KIYOSH! TAKAIIASHIundIKUWO OBATA
G(,;ologisches Institut der Universitat Kyushu

l':bi-J>7.l ·'Fic:us" tilia('folia (AI. BR.) HEEJC

ftffly(~@{JE?J;;fl':=:*c7d}'e~ (8~J:

l!.l.!i!ll:.tlt:) J'EQ)~ '*:>~-"P 7.l Ficus tiliaefolia (AI. BR.) HEER d)~f.flft.b<a:-ii·e~~Uf!f lA.:o .::: d)ll!!
'1Vl.lli:W!¥Ji::i\f.ll\ L.. -0:-Q)'.THfiJ:Q)Gtl\'U.:."?l -cilifi!il&~h "Cl·7.JQ)"C. ;: Q)fi\]IIMIC"?t. .-ct. ~1
7JI..Lf..:.oJi'ij ~
iJ!f • tj\ 11'J. fl& ~:Einleitung
Die fossilen Blatter der sog ... Fi·
cus ''** tiliaefolia (AI. HR.) HEER wurdcn
bis heute von vielen rorschern hinsicht·
lich ihrer taxonomischen Stellung verschieden beurteilt. lm jahre 1845 hatte
Alexander BRAUN zum ersten .r.•Ial die
Form aus Oeningen als Cordia ? tiliaefolia
beschrieben. Seitdem hat man ihr vcrschiedene Gattungsnamen, Drmzbeyopsis.
Ptemspermum, Biittneria . .·1/angium (=Marlea1 u. a. gegeben. Auch jetzt sinddie ~vleinungen dartiber noch geteilt.
Einer der Verfasser, K. TAKAHASHI,
hat hier zwei Blatter der sog. , Ficus··tiliaefolia (AI. I3R.) HEER aus Kyushu* Received Jan. 5. 196~: read NO\'. 18. 1961.
** Die Bezeichnung .. - - " bedeutet hierfolgendes: Die vorliegenden Blattreste sindidentisch mit Ficus tiliaefolia (AI. BR.) HEER.
die von 0. HEr.R beschrieben wurde. abcr c,;
ist sehr zweifelhaft, ob diese Blattabdrlicke
den rezenten Gattungsnamen Ficus verdienen.
Der ::\ame Ficus ware nur dann richtig. wenn
die Zugehorigkeit dieser Blattabdriicke zu
Ficus gesichert ware.

genau beschrieben unci seine 1\leinung
tiber ihre taxonomischen Beziehungenausgesprochen. Der andere Verfasser, I.
0HATA. hat die Geologie und Stratigraphic des betreffenden I3czirks mitgeteilt.
Bei dieser Arbcit sind die Verfasser
Herren Dr. Seido E?\DO und Prof. Dr.
Kazuo HuziOKA an der UniversiUit Akita.
die ihnen wertvolle Hinweise gaben. zu
herzlichem Dank vcrpftichtet.
Fernergebiihrt ihr Dank llerrn Prof. Dr. Hermann WEYLAi\D. Wuppertal-Elberfcld.
der ihnen wertvolle IIinweise gab undihren Schriftsatz korrigierte. und Herrn
Dr. Razvan GIVULESCU. Cluj-Klausenburg(Rumanien). der ihncn seine wertvolle.\leinung mitteilte.
Hcrzlichen Dankschuldcn sie auch Herren Prof. Dr. Tatsu·
ro :tviATSill\!OTo. Prof. Dr. 1-lisamichi!viATSUSIIITA. Prof. Dr. Ryuzo TORIYA:\1.-\
und Toru IWAHASIII. die mit ihrem Rat
die Untersuchungen fOrderlen.
Fundort und Stratigraphie
Zunachst erla utern die Verfasser
den Fundort und die stratigraphischeKiyoslzi T{}(AJHSlii und Ikuwo 0B.4TA
Lage der Fundschicht von , Ficus·· tiliae·
folia (AI. 11R.) HEEl~. Weiter werden die
Geologie und Stratigraphie der Umge·bung des Fundorts der betrcffendcn Art
von dem einen der Verfasser. l. 0BATA.
kurz dargelegt.
Die betreffenden Blatter wurden im
Jahre 1953 von I. 0BATA, der damals
Student der UniversiUit Kyushu war. in

der Grube von Kami-Honami des Nittetsu·
Kaho-Kohlenbergwerkes im ChikuhoKohlenfeld gesammelt und dem einen der
Verfasser. K. TAKAHASHI. zur Bearbei·
tung gebracht.
Die Blatter sind ganz schwarz undliegen eingebettet in dem zum Teilsandigen dunkelgrauen Gestein. Sie sindnicht vollstandig in der Form. aber sie

+
+

+
+

+
+ +

+ +
+
+
+ +

+ +

++

17~.
0

~ ~

[II] ~
1

4

2

CJ
1·-1
9
10

11

5

lZZl
[[]]
c:=:J
6
7
8

_n_

~ ...... '<... ........ ,

12

13

14

1~

r\bb. I. Geologische Karte in der Cmgcbung von Daibu im Chikuho Kohlenfeld.
1: Biotit·Quarz-Scmischiefer. Quarz-Hornblende-Semischicfcr, Hornfels-Gesteine u. a.
2: Amphibolite. 3: Sawara-Granit. 4: Kaho-Granit, 5: Ooyake-Schichten, 6: SanjakuGoshaku-Schichten. 7: Takcya-Schichten. 8: DiluYiale Sedimcnte. 9: Alluviale Sedimente, 10: Serpentinit. 11: Aplit. 12: Stelle der Gt·ube, 13: Fundort von .. Ficus ..
tiliaefo/ia, H: Verwerfung, 15: Verwerfung. die in der Grube festgcstcllt wurde.

431. Die sogenannte , Ficus·· tiliaefolia (At. BR.) lfEER
sind verhaltnismaBig gut erhalten.
lm Bezirk von Daibu entwickeln sichdie kohlenfiihrenden alttertWren Schichten i:tber der Diskordanz oder Verwerfung
gegen die metamorphen Gesteine und den
Granit (s. Abb. 1\. Die alttertiaren Schichten bestehen aus den Ooyake·. Sanjaku-goshaku- und Takcya-Schichten
unci sind etwa HOrn m~ichtig. Diesc
Schichten enthalten die Unterflozgruppc
irn Chikuho-Kohlenfeld.
Zu diesen Schichten ist das Folgende
zu sagen:1• Ooyake-Schicbten ca. 160 bis
195m machtigl
In der Umgebung von Kuroobaru
bauen sich die Ooyake-Schichten auf den
Amphiboliten diskordant auf und ostlich
Yon der Sasae-Grube grenzen sie an die
Ooyake-Schichten
Amphibolite.
Diebestehen hauptsachlich aus groben bis
mittelkornigen Sandsteinen. Schiefertonen(odcr zuweilen sandigen Sch iefertonen l.
einigen Konglomeraten und ein paar
Kohlenflozen. In den Sandsteinen kannman zuweilen .. Zwiebel-struktur·· bernerken. Die Kiesarten sind kugelformigeoder subkugelfomige Granite. QuarzSemischiefer. hornfelsartige Gesteine
usw. In den Kohlenflozen kommen viele
Kieselholzer vor. jedoch weniger als in
den Sanjaku-Goshaku-Schichten.
Das
Liegende der Kohlenfloze bilden oft viel
AI"O" enthaltendc Tone.
Die Ooyake-Schichten zeigen imallgemeinen die sehr bedeutende Veriinderung der Sedimentfazies, die besonders in den Teilen auf und unter den
Kohlenflozen hervortritt.
ln diesem Bezirk wurde bis heutekeini\luschelschalenrest angegeben.
In dem llangenden des Yonshaku- unci
Goshaku-Fiozes in der Kami-HonamiGrube kann man ziemliche viele Blattabdriicke finden, und zwar wurden die
vorliegenden Blattabdri.icke von , Ficus ..

2G5

tiliaefolia (AI. BR.) flEER im Hangende
des Goshaku-Flozes gesammelt.
Die folgende Ubcrsicht zeigt die.I
1;::::-=-::::=12~3~

f77:l4
L:d20:·j_-___ _-- ------.'- .....

..._

Abb. 2.

10[
0 M

Profil der Ooyake-Schichtcn in Daibu.

1 : Kohlcnfioz. 2 : Schieferton. 3: Sandiger
Schieferton, 4: Sandstein, 5: Konglomcrat.
6: Metamorphe Gesteine, A: Yonshaku·Floz,
B: Goshaku-Floz, C: Nishaku-Fioz. D: Sanjaku-Floz, E: Hasshaku-Floz, x : Fundhorizont von .. Ficus" tiliaefolia.

Kiyoshi ~4K.4IIASHI und Ikuwo OBAT:l2GG

Sediment fazies in den Teilen auf undunter dem Yonshaku- und Goshaku-Floz(vgl. Abb. 2):

Sandstcin (5. 98 m)
Z. T. s:llldigcs dunkelgraues Gestcin
mit .. Ficus" u.a. (4.38m)
Goshaku-Kohlentloz (1. 10m)
Sandiger Schieferton (6. 53 m)
Schwarzer Schiderton mit Blattresten

chen. Sandsteine i.iberwiegen, Schicfertone sind nur wenig vorhanden. Auch
trifft man ein paar dlinne Kohlenfloze
an. lm grauweiBgcHirbtcn Schieferton
nordlich von Kamimashiki haben die
Verfasser einigc 1\lonokotyledonenreste
gefunden und auch irn schokoladefarbigen Schieferton ostlich ,·on Okatani
einige Blattabdri.icke.
Beschreibung der Art(0. 94 m)

Yonshaku-Kohlenfloz (2. 0-1 m)
Schwarzer Schiefcrton und Sandstein(Wechscllagerung) · (22. 9 • m)

? ~loraccae.. Ficus·· tiliaefolia tAl. BI{.) HEER
Tafel 41. Figuren 1, 2.

-Diskordanz oder VerwerfungSawara·Granit odcr metamorphe
Gesteine

Die betretfenden pflanzenfUhrenden
Schichten cntsprechen dem unteren Noogata-Pollenbild TAKAIIASHIS (1961). lhr
geologischcs Alter ist Obereozan.
2) Sanjaku-Goshaku-Schichten (ca.
140 bis 170m miichtig)
Diese Schichtcn lagern auf den Ooyake-Schichtcn konkordant auf. Sic bestehen hauptsiichlich aus groben bis feinkornigen Sandsteinen und Schiefertonen.
aber in ihrem oberen und unteren Teilsind Sandsteine tiberwiegend und im
mittleren Schiefertone herrschend. Die
Sandsteine zeigen oft .. Zwiebelsrruktur ··.
Die betreffenden Schichten enthalteneinige dtinne Konglomerate und ein paar
Kohlenflozc. In den Koh lenflozen kom·men vielc aufrechte Kieselholzer vor.
deren Wurzeln autochthon im Floz oder
In diesem Bezirk
Liegenden stehcn.
kann man keinen ivlolluskenresr finden.
3! Takcya-Schichlen (70m+machtig)
Die Takeya-Schichten sind die ober·sten Ablagerungen in diesem Bezirk.
Da man im Feld diese Ablagerungennicht genau beobachlen kann, kann man
ihre Sedimente nicht genauer untersu-

1856 Fiws tiliaefolia, IIEER, S. li8-6!J. Taf. 83,
Fig. 3-12: Taf. 8'1, Fig. 1-6: T~f. 85.
Fig. 1·1.
193-l Ficus li/i(J(folia, \V 1·:\'I.A:-;D, S. 64-65.
1957

Taf. 8, Fig. 2: Taf. 9, Fig. 1.
Ficus tiliaefolia. NAt:AI. S. 77-78. TextFig. 3-4 : Taf. 1, F 1g. a-·1.

Es sind zwei Blatter ge[unden
worden, die dieser Art zuzurechnen sind.
Beide sind verhiiltnism:il\ig gul erhalten.
Die Form der Bl~ittcr isl mehr oderweniger eiformig; das oberc von ihnen
ist mit einer sehr markiertcn Spitze versehen und der unterste Teil der Blattlamina ist zerstort. bci dem untercn ist
die Blatt basis seitlich ungleichfOrmig,
sehr schwach herzfOrmig order nierenfOrmich. Das Blatt ist ganzrandig. Die
Breite betragt bei dem in Fig. l abgebildeten Blatt 8 em, bei dem in Fig. 2 abgebildeten etwa 9 em. Der Leitbundelverlauf ist strahlig; cines vcrWuft seitlich an
der einen und zwei seitlich an der anderen Seite des Hauptbi.indels in entsprechenden Winkel von dcr Basis aus aufwarts. Die Sekundarnervcn laufen in
einem nach aufwarls ct was konkaYen.
in der N~ihe des Blatlrandcs zu scharfer
werdenden Bogen. Die die l'rimar- unci
Sekund~irnerven verbindenden Anastomo-

431.

Die sogenamzte , Ficus·· tiliaefolia (At. BR.) HEER

sen entspringen unter einem rechten oderbeinahe rcchtem Winkel und zeigen den
schwach aufwarts konvex gebogenen
Verlauf.
In Japan ist .. Ficus·· tiliaefolia (AI.
BR.) HEER in Hokkaido und Shikoku
angetroffen worden. \Veiter kennt man
sie aus eozanen und oligozanen Ablagerungen Europas und Amerikas.
Taxonomische Bemerkungen!.Von 1\. TAKAHASHI)
Seit Ianger Zeit hat der Verfasser
die botanische Zugehorigkeit der so·
genannten Ficus tiliaefo!ia (AI. BR.) HEER
in Zweifel gezogen. R. GIVULESCU (1959)
hat sich tiber ihrc Taxonomie kritischgeauBert und einen neucn Formgattungs·
namen vorgeschlagen. Dem Verfasser
liegen jetzt zwei Blattabdri.icke von.. Ficus.. tiliaefolia vor. Er hat daher
ebenfalls i.iber ihre Taxonomic Betracht·
ungen angestellt. Er neigt der Meinung
GivULEscvs zu.
Nachdem Alexander
BRAUN tl845J das in Frage stehende
Blatt als Cordia ? tifiaefo/ia beschrieben
hatte. haben es viele Forschcr unrer
verschiedenen Gattungsnamen. Cordia ?.
Dombevopsis, Ficus. Pterospermum. Biil·
tneria ..4./angium <=:Uar/ea) u. a. beschrie·ben. Der Verfasser hat diese Namentabellarisch zusammengestellt fs. Tabelle
1\. Es wurden also vcrschiedene Gatt·ungsnamen benutzt. aber es fehlt ein
befriedigender Beweis. daB eine dieser
Benennungen unbedingt richtig ist.
linter solchen l'mstanden kann man die
Beniitzung eines bestimmten Gattungsnamens nicht erwarten.
H. WEYLAND (1934) hat folgende!vieinung ausgesprochen: .. Dem Biittneria·
Typus gehoren auBer unseren und denschlesischen Slattern wohl auch diejenigen BEER's an (Ficus tiliaefolia. 1855/59,
Taf. 53, Fig. 3-12; Taf. 54, Fig. 1-6),

267

die U?\GER's von Sotzka (Dombeyopsis
tiliaefolia UNGER. 1851. Taf. 46. Fig. '1 u.
5; Dombeyopsis grandifolia UNGER. Taf.
47, Fig. 1 u. 2) und die FRIEDRICH's (Fiws
tiliaefolia A. I3R. sp .. 1883, Taf. 11, Fig.
5 u. 6)".
W. BERGER (1955) hat i.iber die taxonomische Stellung dieser Blattrestc die
I\leinung vertreten, die systematischc
Stellung derartiger Blattreste sci bis
heute noch nicht befricdigend geklart.... Da unter dem Namen Ficus tiliaefolia
mitterweile aber aile moglichen ahnlichen Blatllreste beschricben wordenseien. die zum Teil sicher ganz anderersystematischer Stellung seien (darunter
wohl auch einige echte Fiws·Reste) undzudem UNGEREs Originalabbildungennicht ganz eindeutig seien, sein Originalmaterial aber nicht nachgcpri.ift werden
konne, werde. bis eine gri.indliche Spezialbearbeitung die ganze Frage endgiiltig
geklart habe. der zweideutige T\amenFicus tiliaejolia besser vermieden undsollten die Blattrcste mit einigermaBen
sichcrer Stcrculiaceen·natur mit WEY·
I.A?\D als Biittneria aequa{Zfolia bezeichnet
werden.
R. GIVULF.sct: schlieBlich hat 1959 zu
Ficus tiliaefolia (i\1. BR.) HEER erklart.
daB ihre Zugehorigkeit zu Ficus. Biitt·
neria oder Alangium (=i\1arlea) zweifel·
haft sei. und dafiir eine neue Formgattung
Biittneriop!ty!lum Yorgeschlagen. Die von
0. HEER Ficus tiliaefolia benannten fossilen Blatter, die dann in die GattungenPterospermum, FJiittneria und .-ifangium
versetzt wurden. gehoren sehr wahr·
scheinlich keiner dieser Gattungen an.
Vorlaufig seien wir nicht in der Lagefestzustellen. um was ftir eine Pftanze essich handle. Es sei aber sehr wahr·
scheinlich. daB diese keinem rezenten
Vertreter entspreche. Bis zur volligen
Klarung dieser Frage wird die generische
Benennung Biittneriophyllum vorgesch-Kiyoslzi T.AK.:liiAS!II zmd lkuwo OB.-lT:l268
Tabellc 1.

Listc des Kamengebrauchs von Ficus tiliaefolia, Biillneria aequal~folia u. a.

-±1

AI. BRAV!"
Fr. U;o.;GER

1

H. GOEPPERT

1852

1856

0. HEER

Dombeyopsis tiliaefolia

I D. tiliaefo/ia
Ficus tiliaefolia (Yereinigt)

I~-- 1861

1867

Ficus ti/i(J(tfolia

w. SCI!I~11'ER

1871-72

Fiws tiliaefolia

G. SAPORTA

1886

Pterospermum ti!iaefolium

K. A. ZITTEL

1890

Ficus liliae_fo/ia

F. H. Kowt.TOl'

1899

Ficus titiae_folia ?

Fr. MEYER

1918(Biittneria aequalifolia) (vereinigt)

G. DEl' APE

1922

Biittneria tiliaefolia

1932

Ficus filiaefolia

H. WEYL.AND

1934

Ficus lilial'jo!ia (Biillneria aequalifolia)

A.N. KRISTOFOVIC
l\1. I. Bo1~suK

1939(Alangium aequal{folium)

I. z. RARllU

1947

Ficus tiliaefolias. OISHI

1950(Marlea aequalifolia. AI. basiobliqua u. a.)

1950

Ficus tiliaefolia

1953.. Ficus" Iiliaefolia

1955(Biittneria aequa!ifolia)

Fr. UNGER

C. v. ETTIC'GSHAt:SEl"-

Cm·dia ? liliaefolia

S. Er-:now. BERGER

I

Ficus Iiliaefolia

---·
I
I

w. BERGER
W. BERGER

.---

---

T. TAN:\(

1955(Marlea aequali(olia u. a.)

T. TA:--iAt
T. 0NOE

1956(A/arlea aequali_folia, 11/. basiobliqua)

1957

Fims liliaefolia

1959(Marlea aequalifolia)

R. GIYL'I.ESCU

1959

Biittnerioph_rllum (vorgcschlagen)R. GI\TLESCli

1960( /Jiift neriophy/lum aequalifolium)

R. GI\'L'LESCU
N. FLORE I

1960( Biit tneriophyllwlz aequalifolium)

T. TA:-;,\(

19tH(Alanl(ium aequali_folium)

K. NAG At

T. TANAt
T. Or-:oE

I

I

-

431.

Die sogenannte , Ficus ·· tiliaefolia (AI. BR.) IlEER

lag en.
Der Verfasser schlieBt sich d ieser:t\leinung an. Nun hat R. GI\'ULESCU
seinerFormgattung Biittneriopltyllum
keine Diagnose gegeben. Solange er ihr
aber keine morphographische Beschreibung bcifligt. kann der Verfasser cliesen
Formgattungsnamen
nomenklatorischnicht als gi.iltig annehmen. Daher hat

Abb. 3:

1:
2:
3:
4:
5:

6:
7:

8:
A:

2(j9

er Hir die betreffendcn Blattabdri.icke
die Bcnutzung des Forrngattungsnamens
Biitlneriopltyllum GIVULESCUS noch vermieden und hier nur den altcn Namcn.. Ficus" ti!iaefolia (AI. BR.) HEEU benutzt.
In Japan gab es bisher zwci ~lein­
ungen bet reffs dcr bencnnung der vorliegenden Blattabdri.icke : eine ist fi.ir
Ficus, die andere Marlea (vgl. Tabellc 1).

Der morphologischc Vcrglcich von Ficus liliaefolicJ. Biitlneria aequal(fofia u. a.

!Jiittncria aequalifolia (GOEPP.) Fr. MEYER (l\littcl· bis Unlermioz~in, nach H.
WEYJ.A:"D. 1934)
Biittneria aequalifolia (GOEPP.) Fr. .i\IEYEP- (Obermiozan. nach W. BERGER. 1955)
Ficus li/iaefolia (AI. BR.) J-!Ef.R (Eor.:in. nach K. ~AC:AJ. 1957).,1\Iar/ea .. aequalifolia (GOEPP.) OtsHJ ct HuzJOKA: l'vlaterial aus den AinouraSchichtcn (Untcrmiozan) im Sasebo-Kohlcnfeld von Kyushu.
Riiltneriophyllum aeque/ifolium (GoEPP.) Gt\TI.ESCll (pannonisch, nach R. GJVU·LESCU und N. FLORE!, 1960)
Jfarlea aeqzwlifolia (GoEPP.) Otsllt ct Ht~Z!Oto(A (Miozan, nach S. OISHI 1950)
Marlea basiobliqua Ors111 et HLIZIOKA (Eozan. nach S. OiSHI. 1950)}vfarlea aeqzwlifolia (GoEPP.) OtSHI et Ht:ZlOKA (~liozan. nach T. TA:-;Al. 1955)
Fig. 1-5. 8; B: Fig. 6, 7.

r

--

270

Kiyoslzi TAJ\:lHASHI und Ikuwo OB;lT;lDiese beide l\leinungen stehen kompromiBios nebeneinander. Es ist unklug,
bei Blattformen mit ihren KonvergenzErscheinungen rezente Gattungsnamen
nur auf morphologische tvlerkmale undoberfHichliche Ahnlichkeit zu begriind·en. Wenn jeder Forscher von seinem
Standpunkt aus jeden rezenten Gattungs·
namen benutzt, wird das Problem der
Benennung immer verwickelter werden.
ivlan muB also bei der Nennung eines
rezenten Gattungsnamens einen un·
bedingt giiltigen Bcweis fur seine
Richtigkeit haben. \Venn man keinenhat. soli man einen rezcnten Namen ver·meiden: man muB dann einen Organ·oder Formgattungsnamen wahlen. Vondiesem Standpunkt aus ist der Vorschlag
GJVUI.Escus berechtigt. Es ist nomen·
klatorisch erst dann richtig. einen re·zenten Gattungsnamen zu beniitzen. wenn
man cinen giiltigen Lleweis vorbri ngenkann.
Vorliiuf1g bleibt also das Problem
urn Biillneria aequal~folia 'Gbi'J'.) F.
1\lEYER IMarlea aequafifolia iGOI'P.I OISHI
et JiUZIOKA). J1ar!ea hasiob!iqua OISHI et
HUZIOKA u. a. auch weiter bestehcn. In
Japan hat man oft den Namen Mm1ea
aequalifo/ia angenommen. in Europa
Biittm>ria aequalzfolia. Eine groBe mor·
phologische .\hnlichkcit haben die altter·tiare Form Ficus tiliaefolia u. a. und die
jungtert iii re Biittneria aequal(folia (oder.11arlea aequa/ifo/ia) 1\'gl. .Abb. 3). Mit
anderen Worten: beide kann man der·selbenmorphographischen Kategoriestellen. Da man aber die gleichen Blatt·abdriicke sowohl in altrertiaren wie inmiozanen Schichten in vershiedenen
Gebietenvon Europa. Asien und Amerika
finden kann, muB das Problem der Benennung sehr wichtig angesehen werden.
Schriftem·erzeichnis\V. (1953): Pflanzenreste aus dem
miozanen Ton von \Veingraben bei Drallmarkt (l\·littclburgenland) II. Sitzber. iisl.
.4kad. Wiss., .l/athem.· naturwiss. Kl., .tlbt.
1. 162. 1 u. 2 Heft. 17-2.1.
- - (1953): Die obermiozilnc (sarmatischc)
Flora von Gabbro (Monti Livornesi) in
der Toskana. Sitzber. ost. Akad. H'iss ..
.Hcthem.-natrmciss. Kl., Abt. J, 162. 5 Heft,
333-34.1.
- - (1953) : Pfianzenreste aus den obermiozanen Ablagerungen von \Vicn-Hernals.
:lim. naturhist. Museum ill IYien. 59. 14115•1. 33 Abb.
- - (1955): Jungtertiiin: Pflanzenrcste aus
dem untercn Lavanttal in Ostkarntcn.
.V. ]b. Geol. u. Pa/iiont .. Abh. 100. (3).
402-430, .IG Abb .. Tab. l.
- - und ZAilUSCH, F. (1953): Die obermiozane (sarmatische) Flora der Tiirkcnschanze in Wicn. N. !b. Geol. 11. Pa/iiont ..
Ahll. 92. (2).
E;-.;oo. Seido (1932) : Die kiinozoische Flora.
(jap.). Ju:anami-Koza 1-4·1.
GJ\TLESct·, Razvan (1959): Einige Bemerkungen tiber die Taxonomic von Ficus
tiliaefolia (AI. BR.) HEEl~. N. ]b. Gc•ol.
11. Paliionl., Mth. 437-4-1~.
- - (1960) : J'aHiobotanische Notizen tiber
Buetflleriophyllum aequallfolium (GoEPP.)
Grv. Flora oderallgemeinc botanische Zeitzmg. 149, •l2G-434. Abb. 3.
- - und FLOHEJ. N. (1960): Die fossile
Flora von Sinersig (Rumiinien). Mit ciner
kurzen Betrachtung tiber das Alter dcr
BI,RCER.

Erklarung Zll Tafel 111,. Ficus" liliaefolia (AI. BR.) BEER X 1.
Zwei Blattabdriickc aus dem Hangenden des Goshaku-Kohlentl6zes. Ooyake-Schichten. KrmiHonami-Grube des Nittetsu-Kaho-Kohlenbergwcrkes. Chikuho-Kohlenfeld von Kyushu.

T AKAHASHI u. 0BATA:"Ficus" tiliaefolia

Tafet 41

431.

Die sogenarmte ,, Ficus .. tiliaejolia (A/. BR.) HEER

Lagerstatte. Geologie. 9, (7). 799-813. A.bb.
2. Taf. 4.
liEER, Oswald (1869):
Miozane baltische
Flora. Beitrage zur Saturkwzde Preussens
ko11igliche plzysikalisch·okollomisclw Gesell·schafl.
Kl\OWL TO?\, F. H. (1899) : Geology of the
Yellowstone national park. Part II. Descriptive Geology. Petrography. and Paleontology. U. S. Ceo/. Sun· . .\Ion .. 3~. pt. 2.
- - (1919) : A catalogue of the 1\lesozoic
and Cenozoic plants of North America.
U.S. Geo/. Sun•. Bull. 696.
NAGAI. K. (1957): The upper Eocene floraof the Kuma group. in the Jshizuchi range.
Shikoku, Japan. Mem. Ehime lhzil' .. Sec.
/1, Sci., 2. (·1), 73-82. pis. 1-2.
OISHI, Saburo (1950) : Illustrated catalogueof East-Asiatic fossil plants. Chigakushuppan-shiseisha. Kyoto.
T ANAi. Toshimasa (1955) : Illustrated cata-

271

Iogue of Tertiary plants in Japanese coallields.-1. Early and middle Miocene floras.
Rep. Ceo!. Sur!'. japan, 163.
- - (1961) : Neogene floral change in japan.
jour. Fac. Sci .. Hokkaido Unit•., Ser. IV,
Geol. & Mineral .. 11. (2). 119-398.
- - and 0:-;oE. T. (1956) : Fossil Hora
from the Sasebo coal field in northern
Kyushu (Pre I iminary report). Bull. Geol.
Sun·. japan, 7. (2), 69-7-1.
- - and - - (1959) : A l\Iiocene tlora fromthe northern part of the Joban coal field.
japan. Bull. Geol. Sun•. japan, 10, (4),1-26. pl. 7.
·wEYL.-\:"D, H. (193·1) : Beitrage zur Kenntnis
der rheinischen Tertiarflora. Abh. preu6.
Geo/. L . .-1 .. 1V. F. 161. 1-122. Taf. l-22.
Textabb. 8.
ZITTEL, K. A. (1890) : Handbuch der Palaeontologie. 985. Druck und Verlag r•on R.
Oldenbourg, .iliinchen 11. Leipzig.

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. N. S .. No. ·lli, p.

272. June I 0. 1962

SHORT I'\OTE~l.

TWO NEW GASTROPOD GENI•:RA. NANN07URRJTELLA AND

BENTHODAPHNE FROI\I JAPAN*
KATURA OY Ai\IAGeological Sun·cy of japan~vlolluscan remains are rich in japa·
nesc Tertiaries, and many new forms
have been reported by various authors.
Still, there two new genera which havebeen not adequately known in the syste·matic position.

spiral groo\·es near sutures like Plzilippia.
The shape of the shell quite like Turri·
tel/a, though this species has been considered Cerithiidae (Cerithium or Bittium).
probably, by the presence of almost
smooth part of the whorl.

Namzoturrite/la, new genus

Benthodap/me, new genus

Shell rather small. high turreted;whorls fiattish, almost smooth other than
three spiral grooves; base flat, angu Ia tedon the periphery; aperture as in Turri·
tellidae.
Type species :- Cerithium
to/mdai
YoKOYA~IA, 1930, Jour. Fac. Sci., Imp.
Univ. Tokyo, Sect. II, Vol. II, Pt. 10. p.
414, pl. LXXVII, fig. 3.
This new genus is characterized byalmost smooth whorls other than three

Shell rather small, like Spirotropis
or Antip/anes in general features; whorls
rather flat, smooth other than line growthlines which are the same type of that ofDaplmella.
TyjJe species :- P/eurotoma (Bela ?)g/abra YOKOYAMA. 1920, jour. Coli. Sci.,
Imp. Univ. Tokyo, Vol. XXXIX, Art. 6,
p. 43, pl. II, figs. 1 a-c.
This form differs from Eubela Dall,
1889, by lacking tubercles below suture.
Spirotropis and Jlntip/rmes have similarfeatures though differing in growth lines.

* Received Oct. 25. 1961.

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