F

4 q,l

:."
lr

t.
i.

IINDESCRIBED SPECIES OF JAPANESE CRANE FLIES.
PART IV.*
Cs-anr.es P. Ar.rxenonn,
Massachusetts Agricultural College.

The preceding parts under this general title were publishedin these ANNars in 1919, 1921 and 1923. The speciesdescribedat this time were included in extensive collections from Taiwan,
taken by l\{essrs. Esaki and Takeuchi; from the island of
Okinawa in the Loochoos, collected by Mr. Sakaguchi; and fromvarious parts of lfonshiu, collected by Messrs. Esaki, Machida
and Takahashi. I would express my sincere thanks to all theabove entomologists for the privilege of retaining this very
valuable collection.
fn these ANNer,s in 1920, the writer presented a Bibliography
concerning the Tipuloidean fauna of Taiwanof the literature.A(FormoSa).
number of additional papers have recently
appeared and these are listed herewith:
Nerander, C. P. New or Little-Known Crane-Flies from Formosa (Tipulidat
Diptera); Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 13:249-270,1920.
Alexaader, C. P. Four Undescribed Species of Limnobia from the Oriental
Region (Diptera, Tipuiidae); Insec. Inscit. Meost., 10:75-80,1922.
Alerander, C. P. Undescribed Species of Japanese Cra^ne-Flies (Tipulida,
Part III; Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 16:57-76,1923.
Diptera).
Alexander, C. P. Undescribed Crane-Flies from Formosa and Luzon (Tipulida,
Diptera); Philippine Journ. Sci., 22:4$7481, 1923.
Edwards, F. If. . The Old-World Species of Eriocera in the British Museum
Collection (Diptera, Tipulida); Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), 8:67-99,pl. 10,
figs.1-12,1921.
Edwards, F. W. New and Little-Known Tipqlida, Chiefly from Fonnosa. Part
II; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), 8:99-115,pl. 10, figs. 13-19'1921.
Eaderlein, Guntler. Dipterologische Studieo XVII; Zool, Anzeig,, 522219-232,

tszl.

* Contribution
cultural College.

from the Department of Entomology, Massachusetts Agri-60

Societyof America ' [Vol' XVII,Annals Entomol,ogical,
Geranomyia HalidaY.

Geranomyia (Geranomyia) sakaguchiir sP' n'
Sizelarse (wing over 9 mm.); pleura heavily striped longitudinallymorewith brown-ish'bh&; wings tinged with gray,-the c'ostalreglon Rs'oforiginbeyond-the
shortlv
indingScrspottedi
disk
the*""U"*itft.
" M;1;.' iength (eicluding rostnrm) 7 z,y* ; wing 9't T-'; rostrum
alone 1.6 mml Femole.Length (excluding rostmm) 6'6 rnm'; wrng
rostrum alone 2 rnm.
10'" mm.;
bhck, the aqex o-bscureveliow;..p.alpi
h;i;;"';k;;;t;h"'t;- -Antenna
td"t tttto"ghout, ttre hqsella{ segments slightly
black.
oroducedin the male, oval in the female' Head black' sparsely-prumose'
Mesonotal prescutum obscure-ve1low'with"'"i;;;"*"4;[&;;.
bteral margin of the.sclerite,a little
thu;*tr;;
tfrr""^fto*"-.trip".,
scutell'm browrush testaceous;darkened;darkened; scutil lobes;;rioTurh *iirr tn" il"aiot"tgite' brownish testaceous, tf,.e lateral
ir"rC" Ut""t""ed. Propleuraye-ilowish.Mesopleurasilvery testaceous,btack stripes, th9 mpre dorsal one*it^ti ffi-;;;sficuous'brownish
traversing.the dorsal .pleurites'
coxae,
fore
oo th"
Ui""a"i,-t"gid;gthe" postiotal p]eurgtergrte onto the eitreme margin of the"roirl"g*eaioiE gite;'the ventiil stripe is narrow, traversingthemesosternum'
passine ibove the coxe and beneath the halteres lo the abdomen.
Legs with the coxe greenish testaceous' they;iL;.
ii;i;tt;;;
U*" of tire foie coxe darJ<brown; trochanters greenish^testaceous;femora obscure ye1low with a nalrow and relatively tll-definedn"rot" the tips; tibie obscureyellow, the tips faintlv;Ai;;dtJ.ty
temiinal 1*sal sefr,ents _infuscated. Wings. tinged with&}";a;
gray, the'costal region yellowish; rather srnall but consplctlousDfowII
spots at arculus; at th6 supernom"raty crossvein in cell Sc; at tip ofnt;- .t-iJtri or Rs,' at.stigma; a19ng,!hecord anddr";;";;i"-"i6f cett 1si Mz; extreme maxgln of wrlS t"t"ltf darkened;o"t"i
1he orig,inof
C, st,'n."a;"*;;;G""a uio*;-Rsye[o?; costa bevond
Venaj'costal
wing-ape1oltusg
short;
fringeRs strbnelv incrassarcd
tt.it distancebev.ondthe ori-gino! 4t'-Sc2 long-e-r;il;';;:-;"di"s;7, bJvo"d it; basal defleciionof Ch bevond'the fork of M';ffi;dthanlonser""TlJ";;-iik Cue.
broooo,the sternites and hypopygium paler. vaivesof the ovipositor straight.
Hab'itat: Japan (Saikaido). Holotype, d, Sh'uri, Okinawa'
Loochoo Islands, altitud'e 300 feet, March 11, 1923 (S' Sakaguchi). AllotopotyPe, 9.
This large and showy Geranomyia is named in honor of thecollector to-whom I anr- indebted for many Tipulida from the
Loochoo Islands.

Lez4l

Alexand,er: Japanese Crane Flies. .IV

61

Limonia Meigen.
Limonia divaricata, sP. n.
General coloration reddish brown, the median area of the praescutum broadly dark brown; wings faintly tinged with brown, thestisma oval, Sc long, Sc2 at the tip of Scy; veins beyond the cord
elo"neate; male hypopygium with the tip of the edeagus produced into
divaiicate blades. Mal,e, I'engLh, 5 mm.; wing, 6.5 mm. Female.
Length,5 mm.; wing, 6.4 mm.
Antenna dark
Rostrum light brown, the palpi darker brown.
brown, the second scapal segment a little paler, the flagelLar segments
short-oval. Head iight gray, more silvery gray anterioriy.
Pronotum dark brown. Mesonotal prascutum reddish brown witha broad dark brown median stripe that becomes obliterated before thesuture, the extreme lateral margin behind the pseudosutural fovee
faintly darkened; scutum brownish yellow, each lobe largely coveredby a conspicuouS dark brown area; sqrtellum brownish testaceous,
fiintly pruinose; postnotum pale 6rown. Pleura obscure yeilow, theHalteres obscure yellow,
episternum and mesostetnum infuscated.
the knobs weakly infuscated. Legs with the coxaeand trochanters yellow, the fore coxe weakly infuscaled; femora obscure brownish yelfow,
slightly darker towards the tip; tibie and basitarsi pale brown, theterminal tarsai segments darker. Wings faintiy tinged with brown, thestigma oval, siightly darker brown; veins dark brown. Venation: Sc
iong, Sc1ending beyond the fork of Rs, Sc2at the extreme tip of Scr andlonger than it; Rs shorter than cell 7st Mz, arcuated; veins beyond thecord elongate, Libnoles-like; r at tip of Rr; inner ends of cells &, R6
and 1st Mz in approximate alignment; rn artd outer deflection of rllg
subequal; basal deflection of Cut near midlength of the elongate celllst Mz; veln M+z beyond nr, one-balf longer than ceil lst, Mz.
Abdominal tergites brown, the sternites still darker, the caudal
margins of the segments very faintiy paler; hypopygium brown. Male
hypopygium with the ventral dististyles relatively srnall, the mesal face
produced into a long, curved, chitinized beak that is unanned; dorsal
dististyle sickle-shaped.
Gonapophyses with the mesal apical angle
produced into a blackened, gently curved. lobe. Aedeagu.s with eachouter lateral angle produced into a flattened, divaricate blade, with
two small, acute, parallel points between the blades.

Hab'itat: Japan (Honshiu). Holotype, d, Tokyo, June 10,
1923 (R. Takahashi). Allotopotype, 9. Paratopotype, d.
Limonira imbellis, sp. n.
General coloration light yellow, the pronotum and a cephalic triangie on the prescutum dark brown; antennal scapeblack, the flagellum
yellow; legs black, the extreme basesof the femora and tibie-paler;wings subhyaline, sparsely seamed with darker; abdomen obscurevellow.

.t62

Annals Entonological'Societyof Ameqica [Vol. XVII,

MaIe. Length, 9 mm.; wing, 9 mm. Female. Length, 8 mm.;wing, 8.3 mm.
Rostrum brown, the palpi black. Antenne with the scapal segments
black, the flagel1um conspicuously yellow throughout its lengtft, theflagellar segments oval. Head dark gray, the vertex at its narrowest
point passing into silvery white.
Pronotum yellow, with a conspicuous brown median stripe. Mesonotum yellow, the extrerne cephalic margin of the prascutum with a
Pleura yellow.
Halteres obscurewedge-shaped dark brown mark.
Legs with the
yel1ow, the apices of the knobs passing into brown.
coxre and trochanters yellowish testaceous; femora black, only thenarrow bases obscure brownish yellow; remainder of the legs black,the bases of the tibiae a little paler. Wings subhyaline, the base andcostal region yellowish, cells C and Sc passing into brown before theirstigma sma11, circular in outline,
tips; ceil ^Scr entirely infuscatedl
dark brown; indistinct brown seams at origin of Rs, along cord andouter end of cel1 lst Mz, along vein Cu and as a narrow margin aroundthe wing; veins brownish black, those in the pale areas yellow. Venation: Sc long, Scr extending to opposite one-fourth the basal section oflRr+s,,Sc, some distance from the tip of Sc1, a litt1e beyond midlength ofthe distance between the origin of Rs and the tip of Scr; Rs long, gently
arcuated; cell /sl Mz shorter than Mt but longer than Cu beyond it;
basal deflection of Car shortly beyond the fork of M.
Abdornen obscure yellow, including the male hypopygium, thelatter with fleshy ventral dististyies. Ovipositor with the tergal valves
slender, gently upcurved.
Habitat:Japan(Taiwan).

Holotype,

4,

Urai,

about 1,500 feet, April 20, L922 (K. Takeuchi).
type, ?.

altitude

Aliotopo-

Helius St. Fargeau.
Ilelius subfasciatusr Sp.n.
General coloration dark brown, pruinosel rostrum a little longef
than the remainder of the head; fernora and tibie brownish yellow;
wings tinged with yellow, with seamsof brown along Cu and the anterior
cord.
Female. Length about 8 mm.; wing, 8.8-9.2 mm.
Rostrum reLativeh long and slender, about one-third longer thanthe head, dark brown, including the palpi. Antenne with the scapeblack, the flagellum dark brown; flagellar segmentscylindrical, passing
into ova1. Head dark brown, sparsely pruinose.
.Pronotum brown, the scutellurr obscure yellowish brown. Mesonotum dark brown, gray pruinose, with a median brorrn vitta, thehumeral regions and lateral ends of the suture a little paler; remainderof mesonotum dark brown, sparsely pruinose. Pleura dark. brownish
black, sparsely pruinose. Halteres obscure brownish ye11ow. Legs
with the coxe brown, the fore and middle coxe darker; femora obscure

L9241

Alexanderi JapaneseCrane Fties. f V

63hrownish yellow, the tips -on1y indistinctly_darker; tibie and tarsi:";;;;
veilo*, the terminal segmentsof the latter passing into brown.
with yellow, the base and costal region more.saturatedl
W;;1i"C.d:;i;Z; onil. bto*tti a narrow brown seam along the anterior cord toiii i"tt of M and a conspicuousseam along vein Cu, chi6fly it cell M;
4istilctly.seamed; veins;;;kti;t cord and outer end of cell /sl -?1:-1ess
the base and costal region more yellowish. Venation: Scr endingt;;;.
i.'".ile the fork of Rs, Scgat its tip; deflectionof &++ short, lessthan
Aasatdeflection of Cu more than one-half its length beyond theilijfork of-MAbdomen dark brown, the 1ong, straight valves of the ovipositor
horn-colored, the sternal valves blackened at base.
Habi,tat: Japan (Taiwan). Holotype, 9, Musha, altitude
about 3500 feet, May 19, 1922 (K. Takeuchi). Paratopotypes,
29 9.
Antocha Osten Sacken.
Antocha (Antocha) dentifera, sp. n.
General coloration light gray, the mesonotal prescutum with threerather indistinct brown stripes; wings tinged with gray; vein ,5cshort,the basal deflection of Cu immediately before the fork of M; out'er
dististyle of male hypopygium with an acute chitinized spine on theirateral face immediately before midlength.
Mal,e. Length, 5 mm.; wing, 6.5 mm.
Rostrum Crayish brown; palpi dark brown. Antenna light brown.
Head brownish gray, clearer gray along the orbits.
Mesonotal prescutum pale obscure gray with three rather indistinct
brown stripes; remainder of mesonotum light gray. Pleura gray.
Halteres pale, the knobs brown. Legs long and slender, covered withappressedsetal coxaepale, very sparsely pruinose; trochanters paleyellow; rernainder of the legs dark brown. Wings tinged with gray, thebase a little more whitened; veins pale brown, delicate; stigma pale
brown. Venation: Sc short, as in ,4.. brevi,nervisAlexander; basal
deflection of Cu immediately before the fork of M.
Abdomen pale brown, the basal sternites a little paler. Male hypopyglum with the basistyles moderately stout, their base on the mesal
face setiferous but not produced into a tubercle; outer dististyle witha conspicuous lateral tooth or spine on the outer edge immediately
before midlength; apex of outer dististyle obliquely truncated to
weaHy notched; inner dististyle shorter and stouter than in /.
brevinbnis. Gonapophyses longer and m.ore slender, gently sinuous,
their tips feebly divergent.
Holotype,
Habitat:d, Mt. Takao,
Japan (Honshiu).
Musashi-no-kuni, altitude 1,000-2,000 feet, May 7; 1922
(T. Esaki). Paratopotype, d, April 13, 1923 (T. Esaki).

64

Annal,s Entomological Soc'ietyof America[Vol. XVII,

19241

Al,exander: Japanese Crane Flies. IVooOrimarga Osten Sacken

Ormosia Rondani.

Orinarga formosicola, sp. n.
General coloration light gray; wings tinged with pale brown; rabout its length from the tip of ftl, the latter extending to opposite
midlength of Rr+ai basal section of ftz+s longer than the basal deflectionof &+oi Rr+s with about 28 macrotrichie.
Fernale. Length about 6 mm.; wing, 5.4 mm.
Rostnrm and palpi dark brown. Antenne dark brown throughout,the flagellar segments oval. Head light gray.
Thorax elongate, as in the genus, light gray, the median area ofthe prascutum and the scutal lobes darker gray. Pleura with the dorsal
sclerites brownish gray, the central sclerites paler brown.
Halteresobscure yellow, the knobs scarcely darkened. Legs pale brown, theterminal tarsal segments a little darker. Wings with a pale browntinge, the veins darker brown. Venation: Sc moderately elongate, Scr
ending near midlength of Rs, Scz at its extreme tip; -Rsstrongly angulated at origrn; r about its own length beyond the tip of Rr, the terminal
section of the latter with three maqrotrichiei Rr extending to opposite
midlength of Rz+ri basal section of R2.6 from one-third to one-halflonger than the basal deflection of Ras; .R43 with about 28 macrotrichia;basal deflection of Cn about opposite one-third the lengthof Rs.
Abdomen elongate, brown, the valves of the ovipositor slender andelongate.

Ormosia arisanensis, sP. n.
General coloration dark brown; antennal flagellum bicolorous;
fernora yellow, ringed with browu; wings pale brown, variegated withdarker brown and hYaline.
Mole. Length 4 mm.; wing 6.1 mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antenna of moderate length,
the scapal segments dark, the flagellar segments bicolorous, dark brown,with the extreme apex of each segment yellow; flagellar segments
to elongate-oval. Head dark gray.
cvlin&ical
Mesonotum gray with three brown stripes; scutal lobes gray withbrown centers; scutellum and postnotum dark. Pleur-a dark grayHalteres pale yellow. Legs with the coxe gray; trochanters obscureyellow; femora yellow, each with a brown postbasal and a nearlyterrninal ring, the broad yellow anaulus thus enclosed occupying nearly
one-ha1f the segment; on the posterior femora the basal dark ring is
indistinct; tibie and tarsi obscure yellow, the terminal segments of thelatter weakly in{uscated. Wings with a pale brown tinge, sparsely
variegated with narrow brown seams along the veins and extensive,
nearly hyaline areas in certain of the cells; the seams include veinScz, ihe Lord, r and the fork of Mrlr; stigmi large, paler brown; thenearly hyaline areas include the outer ends of cells -/sl R1,R, M, and thebases of cel1s/sl Mz, 0nil Mz and Cut; a conspicuous droplet beyond thestigma in cell ?nd R1; indistinct brown dots at the tips of the veins
where these attain the margin; veins pale yellowish brown, darker irt
the infuscated areas. Venation: ,Scr extending to shortly beyond r,
Sc2 opposite mid-length of the straight Rs,' r connecting Rz..s somedistance before the fork; fork of ly'r+z syrnmetrical; vein 2nd A ending
opposite one-third the length of Rs.
Abdomen dark brown, including the hypopygium, which is rather
conspicuously clothed with yellow sete.

Habitat:Holotype,
9, Kanshirei,
Japan (Taiwan).
tude about 1,000 feet, September 10, 1921 (T. Esaki).

alti-

Orimarga taiwanensisr sp. n.
Female. Length about 4.8 mm.; wing, 4.5 mm.
Generally similar to O. formosicolo sp. n., difiering as follows:
Mesonotum, legs and wings darker. Venation very distinct: Sc
long, ending beyond midlength of i?s, Scz scarcely indicated; Rs long,arcuated at origin; basal section of R4r very short, only one-half thebasal deflection of &+s and not much longer than r which is placed alittle more than its length from the tip of Rr; R1 ending at about onefifth the length of Rz+s, the latter with about 18 macrotrichia;
basal
deflection of Ra15 strongly arqlated at origin; basal deflection of Cutnear one-third the length of Rs. In the left wing of the type, the extreme
base of Mt is atrophied, leaving the tip suspended as in certain
Blepharoceride.
Abdomen shorter, the valves of the ovipositor shortand stout.
Habital:Japan(Taiwan).

Holotype,g,about 1,500feet, April 20, 1922 (K. Takeuchi).

Urai,altitudeHabitat:Holotype,d, Arisan,Japan (Taiwan).
about 7,500 feet, May g, Lg22 (K. Takeuchi).

altitudeO. arisaneasis is closely allied to the smaller O. pulchra(Brunetti)
of India, differing in the details of coloration andvenation.
It is very different from the only other describedindigenous Ormosia, O. Jormosazo Edwards.
Ormosia aculeata, sp. n.
General coloration gray, the praescutum with four narrow brown
stripes; legs black, the femoral bases conspicuously obscure yellow;
wings whitish subhyaline, the stigma and seams along the veins brown;
cell lsl Mz open by the atrophy of the outer deflection of Msi analveins convergeqt; male hypopygiurn with each basistyle terminating ina long, aolte spure.

66

Annals Entomological,SocietyoJAmei,,ieo [Vol. XVII,

Male. Length 4.8 mm.; wing 6.2-6.4 mm. Female. Length
6.8 mm.;wing 7.5 mm.
Rostnrm and palpi black. Antenna short, the scape brown, theflagellum black; flagellar segments oval, provided. with a dense whitepubescence. Head brownish gray.
Pronotum brownish gray. Mesonotum light gray, the praescutumwith four light brown stripes, the tuberculate pits jet-black, lying
between the intermediate stripes; scutal lobes with faintly darkened
centers. Pleura light gray. Ifalteres light yellow. Legs with thecoxa light gray; trochanters obscure brownish yellow; femora black,the bases broadly obscure yellow, narrowest on the fore legs, broadest on
the posterior femora rirhere oniy the distal fourth is blackened; tibie
and tarsi bla&.
Wings whitish subhyaline, cells C and Sc faintly
infumed; stigma elongate, dark brown; certain of the longitudinalveins, the tip of Rz and the cord seamed with brown, most conspicuousalong Cw and the basal deflection of Cu; wtng-tip and marginal spotsat the veins restrictedly brown. Venation: Scr ending just beyond r,
Scg shortly beyond mid-length of Rs; r on R2 immediately beyond its
origrn; veins Rz and ,Radeflected strongly cephalad at tips; cell 1st Mz
open by the atrophy of the outer deflection of M6 n transverse andspurred at its union with the distal section of Mi basal deflectron of Cut
shortly before the fork of M; vein 9nd A strongly bent, the anal veinsconvergent.
Abdomen dark gray with light yellow sete. Male hypopygium withthe true ninth tergite ligulate; lasistyles stout, the tips narrowed andproduced into an acute spine; dististyles on mesal face of basistyle, thelarger foot-shaped, the toe directed mesad, near midlength of thisappendage is borne a conspicuous black spine that bears nuinerous
short branches; this style is connected basally with clear membranewith the inner dististyle which is more slender, strongly ctrrved, terminating in an acute spine directed caudad. Gonapophyses blackened,
especially apically, with small lateral teeth.beyond midlength. Aedeagus
strongly curved at apex. Ovipositor with the elongate valves horncoiored.
Habitat:Japan(Honshiu).

Nfusashi-no-kuni, altitude(T, Esaki). Allotopotype,

Holotype,d,Mt.

1,000-2,000 feet, April
9. Paratopotype, d.

Takao,

13, t923

Erioptera Meigen.
Erioptera (Beoura) aliena, sp. n.
General coloration dark brown, gray pruinose, the scutellum andovipositor obscure orange; wings subhyaline, the stigma faintly indicated; Sc long, Rz+sshort, cel1-/sl Mzope\ by the atrophy of m; analveins strongly divergent.
Female. Length abottt 4.4 mm.; wing 5.5 mm.
Rostnrm reddish brown, the paipi brownish black. Antenne darkbrown, the scapal segmentstundd. Head biack, pruinose.

1s24J

Alexander:

Japenses Crane Flies.. IV

67

Pronotum black, the scuteilum obscure yeilow. Mesonotum
black, gray pruinose, the restricted hrrmeral region of the praescutum, asmal1 outer posterior corner of each scutal lobe and the scutellum
obscure orange. Pleura gray prninose, the dorso-pleural membrane
obscure bufiy.
Halteres infuscated, the base of the stem a trifle paler.
Legs with the coxe black, pruinose; trochanters pale brown; remainderof the legs brown, becoming darker towards the tip of the organ. Wings
subhyaline, the stigma faintly indicated as a cloud ruear r; veins darkbrown. Venation: Sc long, Scr ending opposite the fork of Rg+ai.Rs long, straight; ltzaa about equal to the arcuated basai section of Rz,'cell /sl Mz opelnby the atrophy of m; basal deflection.of Cq about}ralf
its length beyond the fork of M; anal veins strongly divergent.
Abdomen dark brownish black, pruinose, the short, fleshy valves ofthe ovipositor obscure orange.

Habint:9, Urai, altitude
Japan (Taiwan). Htlotype,
about 1,500 feet, April 20, 1922 (K. Takeuchi).
There is no doubt but that this interesting fly is very closely
allied to a group of South African Erioptere of which E.
The short,nigrolatera Alexander, may be taken as typical.
fleshy valves of the ovipositor are very different from the condition found in normal Er'ioptera and suggest the condition
the Cylindrotomine
and otherfound in the Tanyderide,groups. This group of Erioptera should have subgenericranking and the narne Beoura is proposed, with nigrol'atera
as type of the subgenus. The characters of the group aremuch as in Eriloplero wfih the exception of the peculiar ovipositor.
Sripotera (Erioptera) subsessilis'sp. n.
General coloration pale brownish ochreous,unmarked; legs brownish yellow; wings subhyaline, the pale brown veins with conspicuous
brown macrotrichib; cell rRzsubsessile, rectangular at base, at theangle with a long spur that is directed basad; anal veins conyergent.
Mole. Length about 2.8 mm.; wing, 3.3 mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antenne short, the scapalsegments
brownish black, the flagellum brownish testaceous, the oval flagellar
segmentswith long verticils. Head infuscated, paler behind..
Mesonotum pale brownish ochreous, without. distinct markings.
Pleura more testaceous. Halteres pale, the knobs darkened, Legs
brownish yeilow, the terminal tarsal segmentsa little darkened. W'ings
subhyaline, the veins pale brown with long, conspicuousbrown macrotrichie. Venation: Cell Rzalmost sessile,the basal section perpendicularor nearly so and then bent at a right angle, here sending a long spurbasad; the elementsof the cord in approximate alignment; petiole ofcell Ma at least two-thirds.the cel1; anal veins convergent.

M
68[Vol. XVII,Annals Entamologicol Society of America

Abdomen pale brown. Male hypopygium vrith the basistyles produced apically into a stout obtuse lobe and a more slender, digitiform
lobe, both ciothed.with long sete; the dististyles are complex in structure, both appearing as flattened blades; one a flattened triangularblade, the margin heavily biackened, the outer angle produced into a.
slightly curved slender arm that is again blackened at tip; the second
style, which may be connected basally with the one already described,
appears as a smaller complex flattened blade, the angles blackened. The
gonapophyses are rather remarkabie in appearance, each apoearing asa stout, cuwed, blackened hook, on the basal half bearing a high crest
whose margin is distinctly sermlate, the apex of the hook a powerful,
feebly crrrved spine; at the base, this appendage bears a longer andmore slender, gently curved arm that is a little blackened at the apex.
Aedeagus small, fleshy
Habitat:Japan(Taiwan).

Holotype,d,Kanshirei,

alti-

tude about 1,000feet, September10, 1921(T. Esaki).
Gnophomyia Osten Sacken.
Gnophomyia nycteris, sp. n.
General coloration black; antenna moderately elongate; knobs of"halteres yellow; femora ye1low, the tips broadly dark brown; wings.
faintly tinged with brown, the extreme base yellowish; veins beyond
cell JsJ Mz eTongate
Female. Length about 5 mm. I wing, 6.3 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antenrra black, rather elongate, if benL
backward extending to a short distance beyond the base of the abdomen.
Head black.
Mesonotum and pleura black, the dorso-pleural membrane a little
paler. Ha.lteres pale, the knobs obscure yellow, Legs with the coxa
dark brown; trochanters obscure yellow; femora yellow; the tips
broadly and conspicuously dark btown, more extensive on the fore.
femora; tibie light brown, the tips narrowly darker; tarsi dark brown.
Wings faintly tinged. with brown, the extreme base yellowishl veins.
dark brown. Venation: Scr ending opposite the fork of -rRr,6,Scr about
opposite the fork of Rs, the latter nearly straight and about in alignmeut
with ft4t"6 whose deflection is la&ing or approximately so; r-m long;cell /sl M2 ver! nalTow at its proximal end; M4z beyond cell lst Mx
more than twice this cell; basal deflection of Cu at about two-fifths
the length of the cell.
Abdomen brownish black, the valves of the ovipositor short, horncolored.
Habitat:Japan(Honshiu).

Holotype,

Settsu-no-kuni,October LL, 1922 (T. Esaki).

9,

Mt.

Minomo"re24l

Alexander:

Japanese Crane Fl,i,es.'IV

69

GnophomYiaconfuenta, sP' n.
Generalcoloration black, sparselvpruinose; legsand halteresblack;wings with a faint brownish tinge; Scr long, r hcLing, cell,lst Mz oper' .
atrophy ot the outer cteflectionof M*bv' theMole. Length about 5.5 mm.; wins, 7-7.2 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antenni moderately elongate, if bent
backward not reaching quite to the base of the halteres, blick throughout; flagellar segments elongate-oval. Head dull black, spars6ly
pruinose.
- Pronotum dark brown, the laterallobes of the scuteilum obscurereddish. Mesonotum and pl.eurablack, gray pruinose. Halteres black,
only the_baseof.the stem indistinctly !a16.- Legs black, moderately
a faint brownish-tinge, the Jlongate,ill-delimited
hatry. Wings
brg1n; _veins dark brown. Venationi .Screnrti''g juststigma 9"tF"t -wrth
before the fork of Rs, ,Scsremoved to some distance from the tip, lling
just beyondrnid-distancFletween the origin of Rs and the tipof -"Scir lacki-ng; deflection of R+s distinct, m-ore than one-half r-m; cell?nd. {z v-ery deeq, apprgximately four times its petioie; cell ist Mz
open by the atrophy of the outeideflection of.Msi basaideflection of
Cu at trhef.ork of.M.
Abdomen, including the hypepysium, black.
_ The -paratypg is generally siiniiar-to the type but the legs are somewhat paler and the antenne appear somewhat-shorter.
Habitat: Japan (Taiwan).
Holotype, d, Horisha, altitude
about 1,500 feet, May 5, 1922 (K. Takeuchi). paratype, d,Urai, altitude about 1,500 feet, April 20, lg22 (K. Takeuchi).
Rhabdomastix Skuse.
Rhabdomastix (Sacandaga)japonicar Sp. n.
. Head obscure_yelIow, dark brown medially; general colorationoFscure.9.11o3r,
ppsgulum with three indijtinit darker stripes;
plgyra indistinctly-thegtriqed longitudinally with darker; halteres lighi
yellow; wings faintly tinged frth vellowish brown.
Femole. Length, 6.5 mm.; vriris, 6.8 mm.
Ro_s_trumand palpi dark biown. -Antenna brownish black throughout. .Head-obscure-yellow, the center of the verbex and the opciput
conspicuously dark brown.
. Mesorrotal prascutum- obscure yellow with three indistinct grayish
Pjo* _s.tripes; scutal lobes grayi scutellum pale; postnoturi withthe mediotergite pale brown, witd i hrge, yellow, sub6asal area at thesides. Pleura obscure.yelloy, indistinc"tly-striped longitudinally withdark brown, the dorsal stripe in{efine,ir and ^broken."the veniral orsternal. stripe vefy distinct-. Halteres very light yeliow throughout.
L9g9with the coxa and trochanters obscure|eito:wisli brown; remiinderof, lhe leq.sbrown, the tennilal tarsal segments darker brovrn. W'ingswith a faint yeilowish brown tinge, the 6ase and costal region clea6r

-r '$.B,

70

AnnalsEntomological. Society of America[Vo1. XVII,

y_el|ow; stigma very ill-defined, pale brown; veins brown. Venation:
Sc long, Scr ending beyond three-fourths the-length of Rs, Sc2removed.
trom the tip of Sc1, the latter alone about one and one-half times thelgngth of r-m; & equal to or less than its own length from the tip of
ftr at the wing-margin;
m Tytng more distad than the outer defleclionof fuIa. \4acrotrichia almost as in R. (5.) schistocea (Schummel).
Abdomen brown, _the segments narrowly and indistinctly obscureyellow at their caudal margins. Ovipositor with the valves ilark horncolor.

Habitat: Japan (Honshiu). Holotype, g, Tolyo, May24,
1922 (T. Esaki).
Pseudolim n ophila Alexander.
psssdslirnnophila narcid4r{p. n.
General coloration brown, the,prescutum
brighter anteriorly andlaterally;antenne brown throughout;wings slrongly tinsed withbrown; basal deflection of Cn beyond midlen$h of ceil'Ist Mi.
Male. Length, 6.3 mm.; wing, 8.1 mm.
Rostrum and pirlpi brown, Antenna brown throughout, the verticils
relatively
short. Head brown, the vertex broad.
Mesonotum brown, the prascutum rich reddish brown in front
and laterally.
Pleura light brown with a longitudinal darker brown
stripe extending from the cervical sclerites to the halteres. Halteres{ark brown. Legs_yellowish brown. Vlings with a strong brownish tinge,
the stigma scarcely rtlrke-r; veins dark brown. Venafion: Sc1 endiig
oqposite the folk of l?s, Scs at its tip; Rs strongly arcuated at originlz less than its length Jrom the tip of Rr and before midlength of nri
peqiole of cel1 Mt a tifle shorter than R2a3; za shorter than-the outerdeflection of. Ms; basal deflection of cu at three-fifths the length of cerl
lsl Mz; anterior arculus broken.
. . Abdominal -tergites brown, the terminal segments passing into
black, the basal sternites obscure yellow, ringed basally with bro-wn.
Habita:t:Japan(Taiwan).

Holotype,ct, Musha,

about 3,500feet, May 19, 7922(K. Takeuchi).

altitud.e

Tricyphona Zetterstedt.
Tricyphona optabilis, sp. n.
General coloration gray, the mesonotal praescutum with threeveivety black_st{nes; 19Ssblgck, the femoral bases broadly yellow;
wiags_with .9e11ft sessile,cell & short-petiolate, cell lst Mz closea,
cell_Mt-sessile;gonapophysesof male hypopygium bifid at apiies.
Male. Length about 8 mm.; wing 9.6 mm.
Rostrum.and
palpi black. Antenne biack, the flagellar segments.
short-cylindrical; antenrre of moderate length. Head -dark gra:y.

Ls241

Alexa,nd,er: Japanese Crane Flies.: IV

TL

Pronotum dgrk gr.a]' Mesonotal_praescutum gray with three very
conspicuorls .velvelV. black stripes, the median strip-e aistinctly bifi&
attainingnotthesuture; scutum gray, eich lobe wiih two
caudaily,triangular velvety black spots, the more anterioi beins a continuationof thelateraipraescutal stripes; scutellum and postnotuir velvety biack,possibiy pruinose in fresh specimens. Pleura dark gray. Haltereswith the base yel]ow, the rqnainder broken. Legs witli the coxe darkgray, all but the fosterior pair passing into yelloi at tips: trochanters
yelJow; femora brownish black, the bases broadly and conspioror:.sly
yellow, narrowest on the fore legs, broadest on the posterior less whereapproximateiy the basal half is included; remainder of the leis black.
Wings with a faint brown tinge, the base yellowish; stigma pal6 brown;
inconspicuous pale.brown_ seams at origin of Rs,'aloig the cord. andbehind vein cu; veins dark brown, sc p-le brown, the Jrearcurar veinsy-e|loq. Venation:
Scr a short distance basad of the origin of Rs,
this distance about equal to R3 alone; Rs square and lons-ipurred ai
grigq; ce! .{a sessile, the outer deflection of R, subperpeidicular and19sslhan itslength from the tip of the fused Rr plus-Rsi petiole of celll?+ short, a little less than r-rn, lhe latter connecting with &+r justbeyond ilr-q.qtr;
ce117st Mz closed,,aa connecting Ms-wirth the fork of
Mt+2, cell Mr thus being sessile; basal deflection if. cu, about one-third
its length beyond the fork of M; fusion of M3andcqalittre
ress thanr-rfr.
Abdomen dark gray, the sternites a little paler basallv. Malehyqopygium._ withbasai dististyle slender, :gently aroiate, not-thenoticeably diiated distally;mrmerous powerful setaelt apex and extend.ir-rg basad to about_midlenglh-of the appendage, basadof which point
the seta-are.v_erydelicate and few in number; at its base, this appendage
is united with a pale lobe of rearly equal length, this provid.ed u/i;hrather lumerous long sete. Apex of basistyle-blackeneil and densely
set with-microscop'g spinula. Gonapophysel strongly arcuated, with ;basal tubercle on the mesal edge, the ip& of each*apophyse split into
two teeth.

Habitat: Japan (Honshiu). Holotype, d, Otaki, Chichibu, Saitama-Ken,April 23, Lg22 (J. Mactdda).
Tricyphonaarisr"ar sp. n.
General coloration dark gray, the praescutum with three brown
stripes; cgxp an{ pleura_dark-gray; wings_nearlyhyaiine, the stigma
99arce1yindicated; cell ./st Mz closed; abdomen-aart Urownish graythroughout.
Femole. Length a6out 5.5 mm.; wing 8.b mm.
Rostrum, antennal scapeand palpi black. Head dark *theqrav. Mesonotal praes,cutumlight gray with three brown stripes,
meaianslriPe ve.rybroad,.darkei than the laterai stripes,with ; faint indicationof a capillary median vitja; lateral stripes relitively short; scutum gray,the lobes broryn; scutellum and postnot'm dark brown with a taili
gray pruinosity. Pleura gray. Halteres pale, the knobs scarcelv

72

AnnalsEntomological, Society of A+nerica[Vol. XVII,

darker. Legs with the coxe dark brown, gray pruinose; trochantersbrown; femora brownish yellow, passing intg brywn at the tips; tibie
and basal segments of thelarsi pale brown, th9 tipg of the segments sti1l
near-lytleirk.
darker; terminal tarsal segments uniforrnly-WingsSczhyaline, the stigma a very'little darker; veins brown. Venation:
far before the o-*rigin of At,' outer deflection of rRgmore than twice its
leagth from the fused tip of Rr and Rz; r-m near one-fourth the lengthof the deflection of R+0.
gray pruinose. The long,
Abdomen dark brown throughout,powerful valves of the ovipositor yellowish hom-color.
Holotype,
9, Arisan, altitude
Habitat:Japan (Taiwan).
(K.
Takeuchi).
about 7,500 feet, May 9, L922
Tricy/>hona arisana is most closely related to the Indian I.
gl.abrip enni s ( Brunetti) .
Rhaphidolabiua Alexander.
Rhaphidolabina dicranotoidesr sp. n.
General coloration pale yellowish white, the head light gray pruinose;
antennae pale, the scape darker; wings with a faint yellowish tinge, theveins spalsely variegated with dark brown; wing-base conspicuously
white; r and rn present.
' Female. Length 5.6-6 mm.; wing 5.8-7 mm.
Rostrum graypruinose; palpi yellow. Antenne with the scape pale
brown, the flagelium pale yellow. . Head light gray pruinose.
Thorax pale yellowish white, the pronotun and mesonotum dustedwith white. Halteres pale yellowish white. Legs white, the femoral
tips, the tibire and tarsi very faintly darker. Wings with a faint yellowish tinge, the veins'sparsely variegated with brown to produce a guttulate
appearance; the principal dbts occur on vein R at base, at ,Sczandadjoining parts of Sc and -R; origin of Rs and adjoining parts of R;
along the Cord and outer end of cell lst. Mzi at -Rr and adjoining part ofveini which it connects; tips of the longitudinal veins at the wingmargin; fork of fu[42 and less distinct dots at intervals along the longitudiial veins beyond the cord; veins yellow except in these infuscatedareas; prearcular ce1lsconspicuously white. Venation: Scs far before
the origin of Rs, the distance about equal to the last section of Rr,' Rs
1ong, strongly-position
arcuated to angulated and spurred at 9r1g1n; r. present,
where found in Diuamoto; basal deflection of Ro
in ihe exaCt
very short; aapresent, closing cel1 /sl Mz;basal deflection of Cu a shortdistance beyond the fork of M.
Abdomen pale yellowish brown, clearer basally. Ovipositor withthe valves brown, gently upcurved.

Hobitat: Japan (Honshiu). Holotype, ?, Mt. Takao,
Musashi-no-kuni, altitude 1,000-2,000 feet, May 7, 1922
(T. Esaki). Pa.ratopotype,9.

7e241

Alerand,er: JapaneseCrane Flies. f V

73

Rhaphidola,bina d,,icranotoid,es has a venation that is almost
exactly lilre a Dicranota but a comparison with related species,
especially R. gibbera Alexander (Japan) shows that it is to bereferred to Rhoph,id.olabina.
Tipula Linneus.
Tipula foliacea, sp. n.
Rel,ated to T. himalayensis Bn:netti; general coloration bro*lish
yellow, the praescutum with three brown stripes, the median one
bisected; apex of halteres ye1low; femora black with a conspiorous
yellow subterminal ring; maie hypopygium with each lateral angle ofthe ninth tergite produced caudad into a long foliaceous blade.
Male. Length about 13.6 mm.; wing 18.3 mm.
Frontal prolongation of the head obscure yellow, the elongate nasus
concolorous, the sides aad lower surface infuscated; palpi dark brown.
Antenna of moderate length, if bent backward extending about to thewing-root; basal segment fulvous, the second segment yellow; flagellar
segments bicolorous, the weak basal enlargement black, the remainderof the segment yellow; terminal flagellar segments passing into uniform
brown. Head brownish fulvous, the vertical tubercle more yellowish,
with a brown spot at its base at the narrowest point of the verbex.
Mesonotal praescutum brownish yeilow, with three brown stripes,
the median stripe split by a capillary pale vitta to appear double;
scutum grayish brown, each lobe with two confluent brown areas;
scutellum and postnotum brownish yellow, indistinctly darker medially.
Pleura obscure yellow, sparsely and indistinctly variegated with darker.
Halteres ye11ow,the base of the knob conspicuously dark brown. Legs
with the coxe and trochanters yellow; femora black, the bases yellow,
each femur with a broad, conspicuous, subterminal yellow ring ihat is
broader than the black apex; remainder of the legs black; tarsi l=ongand'Wingssiender.
faintly tinged with yellow, the base and ceils C and Sc
bright yellow; a heawy brown clouded pattern, as follows: A spot at
origin of Rs, the stigma and a confluent seam along the anterior cord
and a seam along vein Cu darker; the rernaining paler clouds are much as
in T- orisonensis Edwards or T. bisena Edwards. Venation: Petioleof cell, Mt a iittle shorter than m; fusion of Ma arrd Car short.
Abdomen brownish yellow, the terminal segments passing into black.
Hypopygium black, the foliaceous apices of the lateral lbbes of theninth tergite yellowish.
Male hypopyCrum with the ninth tergite ofquite unusual shape, the lateral angles produced caudad and slightly
ventrad into iong, foliaceous blades that are obliquely bidentate at theirtips,
median caudal area of the tergite squarely truncated, with a-thetiny V-shaped median notch subtended on either side by a small reddish
projection. Ninth sterrrite and basistyle simple. -Eighth sternite.
unanrred.
Habitat:Japan(Taiwan).

Holotype,

7500feet, May g, L922, (R. Takeuchi).

d, Arisan,

altitude74

SocietyoJAnterica
Annal,s Entomol'ogical,[Vol. XVII'

Nephrotoma Meigen.
Nephrotoma takeuchii, sP. n.
Generalcoloration velvety-black, the praescuturnwith three straight,
shint black stripes; abdorn-inal segments iwo to four orange; wings
tinged with brown.
strongly
ffioit. iength 12 mm'; wing 10.5 mm. Fetnale' Length 13 rrm';
wing 11 mm.
Frontal orolonsation of the head and the palpi black. Antenne
Ulacf throuehout,"of moderate length, the flagellar segments feebly
incised; antinne of femaie shorter. Head black, with a broad orange
hr"Sd on vertex, the anterior end occupying the vertical tubercle;
a hrle black orbital spot behind each antennal fossal occiprtal regron
black, the brand shinY.
Pronotum, mesottotum and pleura bla&, the praescutum vglvety
utact wittr three shiny blad< stripes, the lateral stripes straight; scutali"U* *a scuteilum'shiny. Hilteres dark brown. _Legs.with the*a trochanters blaci<; femora black, the central porti_onof the""*,fading into brown in the female,brownish yellow in theoori*oit"**"il"1": t"mainder of the legs black. Wings strongly tinged with_brown,l"vo"d the cord*andthe Anal cel1qalittle paler;-costalregion
tfr"
"LUr
stigma dark brown; veins dark brown' Venation: Rs;;;6h;ted;lonser thai the basal'deflection of &+s; ceII Mt barely sessile;il-t"lf
at the fotk of.M.
*-ruptesefred,segmentsone, six to nine, and the extreme caudal
d;;;"-within the male black, the intermediate segments
ter-gitemargln of the fiJthconspicuously orange.
Habint:Japan (Taiwan). Holotype, d, Urai, altitude
April20, Lg22 (K. Takeuchi)' Allotopotype, I 'feet,about 1,500
This strikin g Nephrotoma is named in honor of the collector,
to whom I am very greatly indebted for many Tipulide from
Honshiu and Taiwan.
.1 : . . i.i :: . ,

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