ITER ITA NEWSLETTER
No. 19, JANUARY 2005

INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, VIENNA, AUSTRIAISSN 1727–9852

INFORMATION FROM THE EDITOR
A further article on the Twentieth IAEA Fusion Energy Conference was received from the Local Organizing
Committee and its Chairman, Prof. C. Varandas, providing additional information on the conference and its
various satellite meetings (see also article in the previous issue of the ITER ITA Newsletter).

TWENTIETH IAEA FUSION ENERGY CONFERENCE
by Prof. C. Varandas, C. Silva, F. Serra and M.F. Pinto, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon
The “20th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference” (FEC-2004) was organized by the “International Atomic EnergyAgency” (IAEA) and hosted by the Portuguese Government through “Instituto Superior Técnico” (IST), at theMarinotel Conference Centre, in Vilamoura, from 1 to 6 November 2004. The local organization was assured
by “Centro de Fusão Nuclear” (CFN) acting on behalf of the Contract of Association between the “EuropeanAtomic Energy Community” (EURATOM) and IST.
The conference was opened with welcome speeches by Werner Burkart (Deputy Director of IAEA), CarlosVarandas (Chairman of the Local Organizing Committee) and Pedro Sampaio Nunes (Portuguese Secretaryof State of Science and Innovation).

Visit of the authorities to Fusion EXPOThe scientific programme, elaborated by the Programme Committee chaired by P.K. Kaw, included 3 special
lectures in the Fusion Pioneers Memorial Session given by Carlos Matos Ferreira, Chris Llewellyn Smith andY. Shimomura, 23 overview talks, 103 oral presentations, 250 regular poster presentations, 154 posters fromoverview and oral presentations and 5 summary talks given by H. Ninomiya, R.D. Stambaugh, J.W. Connor,
M.M. Basho and Y. Wan. Summaries of the main talks were published in the issue nº 18 of the ITER ITANewsletter.
The Conference Proceedings are available under
http://www-naweb.iaea.org/napc/physics/fec/fec2004/datasets/index.html.
Additional information can be retrieved from http://www.cfn.ist.utl.pt/20IAEAConf/Announcement.htm
The social programme included a welcome reception for about 900 persons (on Monday), a show with
Portuguese traditional music (on Tuesday), the conference dinner (on Thursday) and special tourist events forthe accompanying persons.
FEC-2004 was attended by 604 participants from 33 countries and 3 organizations (please see table below).
NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS PER COUNTRY AND ORGANIZATIONCountry

NºCountry

NºCountry

NºCountry

NºArgentina

1

Denmark

1Japan134

Sweden8Australia

2

Finland4

Mexico1

Switzerland

10

Austria6

France34

Netherlands

7

Turkey3

Belgium

7Germany

45

Poland2

Ukraine3

Brazil3

Hungary

2

Portugal

24

United Kingdom

20

Bulgaria

1

India

8

Russia35

United States of America

131

Canada6

Iran

1

Serbia and Montenegro

1EC

14

Chile

1

Italy

25

Slovakia

1

IAEA

5

China

19

Korea

8

Spain

12

ITER19Students in a guided visit to Fusion EXPO2

In parallel with FEC-2004, there were the following other events:— An exhibition about fusion related activities with stands from the following institutions/organizations: IST,EFDA, ITER, IAEA Publications, Consorzio RFX, FZK and CRPP;— An exhibition of the Fusion EXPO, organized by CFN and Consorzio RFX, composed by thirty panels, one
interactive model of a fusion reactor, two multimedia stations with CD-ROMs dedicated to general featuresof fusion and fusion research, the 3-D movie “Starmakers”, four panels describing the activities of theAssociation EURATOM/IST and a small experiment illustrating how to create and confine a linear plasma
column. This exhibition was visited by about 400 students from secondary schools of the south of Portugal;— Twenty-one satellite meetings in Vilamoura of the following Committees and/or Groups: InternationalFusion Research Council, FEC-2004 Programme Committee, Coordinating Committees of Bilateral
Agreements on Collaboration between ITER Parties, IEA Stellarator Committee, Scientific Committee ofthe Committee Research Programme (CRP) on Joint Research Using Small Tokamaks, ITPA TopicalGroup on Tokamak Physics Basis, IEA Implementing Agreement on Reverse Field Pinches, Magnetic
System for ELM Mitigation, IAEA Nuclear Fusion Editorial Office, IEA TEXTOR Executive Committee,
International Advisory Committee for the 1st IAEA Technical Meeting on First Generation of Fusion PowerPlant – Design and Technology, EU-US Collaborations on JET, Collaborative Activity between theIntegrated Fusion Modelling Initiatives, Asia Pacific Fusion Community and Advisory Committee for theFEC-2006 Preparation (total of 407 participants);— Seven satellite meetings held in Lisbon immediately after FEC-2004 of the following Committees orGroups: IAEA CRP on Joint Research Using Small Tokamaks and ITPA Topical Groups on MHD,
Disruptions and Control, Pedestal and Edge, Confinement Database and Modelling, Steady State
Integrated Operations, Divertor and SOL, and Transport Physics (total of 195 participants).

SEVENTH MEETING OF THE ITPA TOPICAL GROUP ON DIAGNOSTICS
by Dr. A. J. H. Donné, FOM Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, and Dr. A. E. Costley,
ITER International TeamThe Seventh Meeting of the ITPA Topical Group (TG) on Diagnostics was held at the Institute of PlasmaPhysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), Hefei, P. R. China, from 11 – 15 October 2004. About 35
participants attended the meeting and all six ITPA partners were well represented. This was the first ITPA TG
meeting ever held in China. It was also the first ITPA TG meeting attended by members from Korea.
Since this was the first opportunity for in-depth discussions between the members of the Diagnostic ITPA TG
and diagnostic specialists in China, extended overview/review talks on ITER/Burning Plasma Experiment(BPX) diagnostic developments on-going in Europe, Japan, Korea, the Russian Federation, and the US, anddiagnostic activities within the ITER International Team (IT), were presented on the first day of the meeting.
These presentations form a succinct summary of the work on ITER/BPX diagnostic development on-going in
the laboratories of the ITPA partners and serve as a good introduction to this field.
The meeting included a special session on diagnostic developments on-going in China in which Chinese scientists presented their work on diagnostics for their machines, particularly the operating tokamaks HT-7 andHL-2A and the superconducting tokamak presently under construction, EAST. The TG looked specifically foritems in two areas: (a) where the Chinese work overlaps and has relevance to the ITPA work on ITER/BPX
diagnostics, and (b) where the TG can help the Chinese workers specifically with advice and suggestions.
Several topics were found in each component.
The progress in the working tasks of the ITPA Diagnostic TG designated as high priority was reviewed.
Generally good progress has been made.
1. One of the outstanding questions connected to the measurement of the alpha/neutron source profile iswhether the neutron emission profile can be expected to be a constant on a magnetic flux surface. If so,the need for a Vertical Neutron Camera (VNC) on ITER is much reduced because it would be possible toobtain the profile of the neutron emission from measurements with the radial camera (RNC) and3

magnetics. This question has been further investigated. Many examples of asymmetries in JET, measured
with the JET VNC and RNC, have been found. Modelling work has been started in Europe to find out
whether the neutron emission profile might also be asymmetric on ITER. Possible designs for a VNC havealso been further developed.
2. Since the last meeting (April 2003) significant results on JET have been obtained in the development ofmethods of measuring the energy and density distribution of confined alpha particles. Extensive
measurements have been made of the gamma ray emission and have demonstrated that quantitative
information on the confined alpha particles can be obtained in this way. However, application on ITER
requires that gamma detectors can be used in the presence of a high background of neutrons andgammas and further design is needed to ensure that this can be done.
3. Several machines are now undertaking experimental work on erosion/deposition effects on mirrors and theresults of the experiments are becoming available. The effects vary from machine to machine and it is noteasy to understand how the results scale to ITER. It is recommended that specific experiments thatsimulate more closely the planned applications of mirrors in ITER should be started and the Special
Working Group on First Mirrors will make a proposal and prioritization of experiments to be done.
Mitigation measures such as baffles and shutters should reduce the erosion and deposition. An overall
strategy for the use of shutters is being developed and some candidate shutter designs have beenidentified.
4. Progress was reported on the need and methods of making measurements of steady state magnetic fields.
Long-time integrators have been developed for Tore Supra, KSTAR and W7-X that are compatible with
>1000 s operation. Radiation-hard Hall probes have been tested under irradiation and are (near certain)
applicable ex-vessel on ITER. There are also prospects to develop Hall-probes for in-vessel use.

Participants at the Seventh Meeting of the ITPA Topical Group on Diagnostics
Hefei, China, 11 - 15 October 2004

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The understanding of the important radiation effects such as Radiation Induced Electromotive Force(RIEMF), Thermally Induced Electromotive Force (TIEMF), and Radiation Induced Thermo-Electric
Sensitivity RITES is gradually increasing. Recent experiments have demonstrated which effects areimportant as well as their relative amplitudes. However, there are still considerable uncertainties and moreexperiments are needed with prototype coils in reactors.
5. A new high priority issue was launched in June: the development of measurement requirements formeasurements of dust, and assessment of techniques for the measurement of dust and erosion.
Measurements of dust are important in the safety analysis of ITER. A design of a possible optical laser
radar system for the measurement of erosion of the divertor plates is being developed by the ITERInternational Team. Developments in the field of dust measurements were reported. Specific examples aredust detection grids used in the stellarator NSTX at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, theCapacitive Diaphragm Microbalance that has been studied at the Culham Laboratory, and laser ablationtechniques developed at the Ioffe Institute, Moscow. It is yet to be determined whether these techniques
can be applied in ITER.
The ITPA Parties reported steady progress for many diagnostic techniques that are relevant to a BPX. Some
examples of recent work are: neutron flux monitor (China), bolometry (Europe), two-colour laser systems forinterferometry/polarimetry (Japan), VUV spectroscopy (Korea), dust monitor (Russian Federation), and deposition and dust monitors (United States). Since the step to ITER/BPX diagnostics is substantial, especiallyin the environment in which diagnostic components will have to exist and operate, dedicated development of
new diagnostic techniques and components is needed on present tokamaks. A new initiative was launchedby the TG at the meeting to try and identify the candidate diagnostic techniques and components, which arethought to be well suited for the ITER/BPX environment and could be tested in present-day devices. A wide
involvement of the specialists working on diagnostics in the laboratories of the ITPA partners is sought in thisactivity.
The International Diagnostic Database (IDD), which has been created by the Diagnostic ITPA TG, is a useful
resource especially for those creating new diagnostics. The Chinese and Korean tokamak teams haveexpressed the intention to join the IDD activity.
The Eighth Meeting of the ITPA TG on Diagnostics will be held at UKAEA, Culham from 14-18 March 2005.
A special session on the contribution of JET diagnostics, both existing diagnostics and possible future
upgrades and new systems, will be included. The meeting will be combined with a 1.5 day Progress Meetingon Diagnostics Design and R&D ongoing in the EU on ITER diagnostics.
The meeting ran smoothly due to the excellent organisation of the host, ASIPP, and the all the participants
are grateful to the ASIPP for its hospitality and express their explicit gratitude to Drs. Li, Zhao, Wan and Gao,and Mrs. Dong for their care and attention to all the meeting arrangements.

Members of Topical Group on Diagnostics
Rejean Boivin (GA, USA)
Alan Costley (ITER Int. Team, Naka, JA)
Tony Donné (FOM, Netherlands, EU)
Yinxian Jie (ASIPP, CN)
David Johnson (PPPL, USA)
Yasunori Kawano (JAERI, JA)
Anatoli Krasilnikov (TRINITI, RF)
Yoshinori Kusama (JAERI, JA)Hyeon Gon Lee (KBSI, KO)Francesco Orsitto (ENEA, Italy, EU)
Mamiko Sasao (NIFS, JA)
Viacheslav Strelkov (Kurchatov Institute, RF)
Tatsuo Sugie (ITER Int. Team, Naka, JA)
Baonian Wan (ASIPP, CN)
Qingwei Yang (SWIP, CN)
Suk Jae Yoo (KBSI, KO)
Junyu Zhao (ASIPP, CN)
Yan Zhou (SWIP, CN)

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Guests and Attendees at the Topical Group Meeting
Robin Barnsley (ITER Europe, Garching)Benoît Brichard (SCKCEN, Belgium, EU)
Xuantong Ding (SWIP, CN)
Yunbo Dong (SWIP, CN)
Xiang Gao (ASIPP, CN)
Ruggero Giannella (CEA, France, EU)
Nick Hawkes (UKAEA, UK)
Liqun Hu (ASIPP, CN)
Christian Ingesson (EFDA, Germany, EU)
Kiyoshi Itami (ITER Int. Team, Naka, JA)

Jiangang Li (ASIPP, CN)
Biao Shen (ASIPP, CN)
Dan Sporea (NILPRP, Romania, EU)
George Vayakis (ITER Int. Team, Naka, JA)
Christopher Walker (ITER JCT, Garching, EU)
Guosheng Xu (ASIPP, CN)
Jinwei Yang (SWIP, CN)
Longwen Yang (SWIP, CN)
Wei Zhang (SWIP, CN)

Printed by the IAEA in Austria
February 2005

05-04551

Items to be considered for inclusion in the ITER ITA Newsletter should be submitted to C. Basaldella, ITER Office, IAEA,Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, or Facsimile: +43 1 2633832, or e-mail: c.basaldella@iaea.org(phone +43 1 260026392).