Transactions and Proceedingsof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New Series

No. 94

Palaeontological Society of Japan
June 30, 1974

Editor.' Hiro shi U JIlE
Associate editors : Ikuwo OBA TA, Yasuji SAITO

Officers for 1973 - 1974
Honorary President:
President:

Teiichi KOBAYASHI

Tatsuro MATSUMOTO

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KANMERA, Tamio KOTAKA, *Tatsuro MATSUMOTO, Tokio SHIKAMA, Tsugio
SHUTO, *Yokichi T AKAY ANAGI, To shimasa TANAI, *Hiroshi UJIIE
Executive Committee:
General Affairs:
Membership:

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Transactions:

Hiroshi UJIIE, Ikuw o OBATA, Yasuji SAITO

Special Papers:

Kametoshi KANMERA, Ienori FUJIY AMA, Tomowo OZAWA" Fossils" : Yokichi TAKA YANAGI, Toshiaki TAKAYAMA

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Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 94, pp. 293-312, pis. 40-42, June 30, 1974

631.

LATE SCYTHIAN AMMONOIDS FROM THE KITAKAMI MASSIF*
YUJI BANDO
Department of Geology, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Kagawa 760

and
SHOICHI SHIMOY AMA
Department of Geology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812

r: "*7 :/-t-T1 r Ii Subcolumbites JI!I)!Jo/JllH'
i41J1:.'fof:fl!lW!Jo/Jfl:1:i Utatsusaurus c;t.ue.~1±\ l...--(1."'~o :IOCi5:~I:H l...-t~ Subcolumbitesc Columbites !!i}J:tPJllfl:::. "::Jv'-CBcljIj( l...-, -to)1:.mp}~(:j':J~~Ie. "::JV'L%-~:Z; U':: -to)fi1f5¥':, *tR~ Ie. f-;' 2fl:1:i:W': (TtL J: 'J Subcolumbites :n\'. Arnautoceltites o:l\:) .i.J~~?,!,1:tJ Gh, w: ~ r.~:H:,J:ilJj:lli~ Late Scythian 7 :/-t-T1

GtJ:. fJ,O

180 m 1:::.:bt.:: -::> L ;::'hGO)!lf}J:tPJllf::;::~T ~;::. c i.J:AJl Gil' C tJ:. -::> t.::otii* t:fi'Pl'T III 1£-

Osawa Formation has been studied bymany authors. KUROSA w A (192~) includThe stratigraphic position of the Osaed the Osawa Formation in the Isatomae
wa Formation in the Triassic System ofFormation. MABUTI (1932) discovered
the Kitakami Massif is as indicated insome pelecypods such as " Pecten" usthe next page, according to BANDO (1964,
suricus (BITTNER), "Pecten" sichoticusp. 5).
(BITTNER), " Pecten" cf. discites (SCHLOThe Osawa Formation (ICHIKAwA, 1948)
THEIM), and Pecten alberti virgalensis
consists of alternation of well-bedded,(WITTENBURG) from the Lower Triassic
calcareous, fine-grained sandstone andbeds at Tate near Isatomae, but sincesiltstone. Its upper part is composed ofthen no other fossils have been discovlaminated, dark blue, calcareous shales
ered from the Lower Trias. SHIlDA (1939)
surveyed the area of the type locality
which yield Upper Scythian' ammonoids.
such as Columbites, Subcolumbites andand subdivided the Triassic beds into
Leiophyllites.
The formation grades
HI to Ha members in ascending order
upwards into the Fukkoshi Formationand included them in the Hiraiso Formation. Later INAI (1939), ICHIKA W A(Middle Trias) which is composed of(1948, 1951), ONUKI and BANDO (1959) andlight green sandstone, banded sandy
shales and conglomerates.
BANDO (1956, 1958 MS) contributed to thestratigraphy and subdivision of the OsaThe geology of. the type area of thewa Formation. ICHIKA WA (1948, 1950)
proposed the name of Osawa Formation,* Received June 22, 1973: read June 23, 1973
at Niigata.
. and referred it to his Tatean age of theIntroduction

293

294

Yuji BANDO and Shoichi SHIMOYAMA
Jurassic System_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ unconformity or fault - - - - - - - - Karno-N orian
Chonomori Formation
Saragai
KarnianShindate FormationGroup_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ unconformity - - - - - - - - - - Aniso-Ladinian
Rifu Formation
Isatomae Formation
AnisianAnisian
Fukkoshi Formation
Innai GroupScythian
Osawa Formation
Scythian
Hiraiso Formation- - - - - - - - - - - unconformity - - - - - - - - - - Late Permian (Toyama Formation)from the Osawa Formation at Konori
near Onagawa-cho, Ojika-gun, Miyagi
Prefecture, in the southern part of theKitakami Massif, on the basis of thecollection of Prof. Y. ONUKI. In a previous paper (BANDO, 1970) the writer
recognized four ammonoid zones, i. e.
Owenites, Anasibirites, Subcolumbites andLeiophyllites zones, for the Upper Scythian of Japan, and stressed that theOsawa Formation is represented by
two ammonite zones, i. e. Subcolumbites
perrinismithi zone in the lower andLeiophyllites d. pitamaha zone in the up-

Lower Trias. In 1964, BANDO described
Subcolumbites cf. perrinismithi ARTHABER
from the Osawa Formation at Tate near
Isatomae, and subsequently he (BANDO,
1970) described some ammonoids, i. e.
Flemingites sp., Euflemingites sp., Meekoceras spp., Xenoceltites? and Danubitessp., from the formation at the type locality based upon the collection of Prof.
K. NAKAZAWA. BANDO (1970) also des~ribed the Leiophyllites fauna, which
consists of Leiophyllites d. pitamaha(DIENER), L. aff. pradyumna (DIENER),
L. sp. and Danubites aff. ambika DIENER,

Geologic Map ofand Osawao~ ,satamae FormationI~ Osawa Forrrotion~

WJ Dyke rocks

ru Terrace gravel (Quaternary)
Fukkoshi Formationem Hlraiso Formation§

Fig. 1.

~

Toyama .formation (Up. Perm)

a:::t~08 >lj
S; ~~.
rn

::rCD

!'"

~c;"l

~

o

~ ~
-0g ~.

o

o.s:

(f)

o

~o

0,

"

::;." n
'<

....
~

Q.

s:-

'"o

o s::

"
CD

""'8::s.....
::r~
CD ::s~'"!!:.

....;;:s-oc.::::...

~°rn
rn .....
~

....

~

~

~

1

su ::t.

2';I:J;;13
4
5 Subcolumlifes sp.
6 Eopbyllites cf. dieneri (ARTHABER)
7 Leiophylfites sp.
a Stocheites sP.
9 Nordophiceras sp.
10 Arnautoceltifes sp.

Oq

o '0

.... ::r

8
-.
~
0
.....

~

::so· :_.

-

rn::s ......
....

r+

0:

rb

:1'.

::rs::

rn 0

o ::s

S.::r....,
0~ ;::s CD~.... enI'::..... .,.

11

12
13
14

~

Prenkifes cf. timorensis
Prenkites sp.

;§
;§

c
<2
c

...
R.

""

~
c
;§

....~

SPATH

~
~
~

Prohungarires 7 sp.

...;§

Do/matites sp.
Subcolumbifes Pllrrinismifhi

subzoneArnaufocelfifes zone

s,-~

I'::
..... ;:!

it.,.
~
~.
_. In

.....
~

....,

:>;" ~~s::...8 ::s
~

t>:l

c.o

Cl

YUJ·i BANDO and Shoichi SHIMOYAMA

296

per, and correlated them with the Late
Columbitan to Prohungaritan stages,*
Late Olenekian** and with the Late
Spathian. ***Recently, geological and biostratigraphical surveys of the Permian-Triassic
boundary in the Kitakami Massif were
undertaken by NAKAZAWA, ISHII, MURATA and BANDO in the Hiraiso, Tate andOkachi areas in 1971. At: that time, theyfound marine vertebrate fossils in a
black shale of the Osawa Formation
exposed along the coast of Tate near
Isatomae. This vertebrate fossils now
being studied by many specialists ofvertebrate paleontology of Japan. Subsequently some fossils were describedby MURATA (1971,1973) from the Osawa
Formation at the type locality in association with the Columbites and Subcolumbites faunas. The bed that yieldedthe vertebrate fossil is dark grey calcareous shale measuring about 30 m inthickness at Tate near Isatomae.
The Subcolumbites fauna from the Osawa Formation comprises the following
species:
Columbites parisianus HYATT and SMITH,
Columbites spp., Subcolumbites perrinismithi ARTHABER, Subcolumbites spp.,
Arnautoceltites sp., Prefiorianites aff.
sulioticus (ARTHABER), Prenkites cf.
timorensis SPATH, Prenkites sp., Stacheites sp., Eophyllites cf. dieneri (ARTHABER), Eophyllites sp., Leiophyllites sp.,
Dalmatites sp., Isculitoides aff. originis(ARTHABER), Shizophyllites sp., Pseudosageceras? sp., Prohungarites? sp.
The beds bearing the Subcolumbites
fauna in the Osawa~ Formation at Akaushi, Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho, near Kesennuma City, consist
a laminated alternation of sandstone and black shales.

of* SPATH (1930, i934), ** KIPARISOVA andpbpov (1964), *** TOZER (1965b).

The fossils are found at about 30 m
above the top of the subjacent Hirais(}
Formation, which consists mainly oflight green calcareous sandstone withconglomerate in the basal part.
The ammonoids were collected fromtwo main localities, both of which apparently belong to the same stratigraphic horizon. In the Isatomae district,
Subcolumbites cf. perrinismithi (ARTHABER) was described by BANDO (1964)
from the middle part of the Osawa Formation. The horizon with S. perrinismithi at Tate near Isatomae is about
30-50 m. below the horizon with Leiophyllites. The locality of Leiophyllites
aff. pradyumna (DIENER), L. cf. pitamaha(DIENER) and L. sp. in the calcareous
sandy shales of the Osawa Formation
at Konori in Onagawa-cho, in the southern part of the Kitakami Massif, is about
30 km south of the Isatomae district, but
at the locality these species are not associated with other ammonoids such as
seen in the Subcolumbites or Columbites
faunas.
The Osawa Formation that yieldedammonoids of Columbites, Subcolumbitesand Leiophyllites is thicker than the Hiraiso. Formation, and the main part of
the formation may comprise the Prohungaritan-ColJimbitan ammonoid stagesof SPATH (1930, 1934). Judging from thecharacters of the sediments and faunalsequence, it is considered that the sedimentation of the Osawa Formation progressed rapidly during a short time
range of the late Scythian.
,'

Biostratigraphy and CorrelationThebiostratigraphical succession(BANDO, 1970, p. 338) of the ammonoids
from the Osawa Formation is as follows:

631.

Scythian ammonoids from Kitakami

3. Leiophyllites d. pitamaha zone
2. Subcolumbites perrinismithi zone
1. Meekoceras and Euflemingites zone
These ammon()id zones belong to theLate Scythian, and range from the'Owenitan to Prohungaritan of SPATH's.
stage classification of the ammonoids(SPATH, 1930, 1934). Considering the.ammonoid sequence of the Lower Trias
in Japan, it is clear that the Gyronites
and Flemingites zones are missing. In
the Kitakami Massif the Lower Triassic{Scythian) ammonoids are meager and·especially in the Early Scythian ammonoid only one species, Glyptophiceras d.
glacile, has been described by BANDO{1970) from the type locality of the Hiraiso Formation in the Kitakami Massif,.and no other ammonoids have been discovered from the horizon corresponding
to the Gyronitan and Flemingitan stagesof the Kitakami Massif.
In South China, CHAO (1959) recognized
three ammonite zones in the Columbitan
stage, namely;
3. Procarnites- Leiop hyllites zone
2. Columbites costatus zone
1. .Tiro lites darwini zo~e
In South China, these ammonoid zones·of CHAO were included in the Col umbitan stage of SPATH and correlatedwith the Late Olenekian. CHAO did not
use the name of Prohungaritan, the uppermost ammonoid stage proposed by
SPATH (1930, 1934), but followed theclassification proposed by KIPARISOV A.and POPOV (1956). The present writers.are inclined to think that the Subcolum.bites and Leiophyllites faunas of the Osawa Formation have intimate relations
with the faunas of South China.
From the Primorye Region, KIPARISOV A (1961) de3cribed many species of
the Subcolumbites faunas, i. e. Subcolum.bites multi/ormis KIPARISOV A, S. solitus
KIP ARISOV A. S. anomalus KIP ARISOV A,

297

Leiophyllites praematurus KIPARISOVA,
and Eophyllites amurensis KIPARISOVA
etc. from the Late Scythian. Subsequently ZAKHAROV (1968) contributed to
the Triassic stratigraphy and ammonoid
paleontology of the Primorye Region.
ZAKHAROV (1968) divided the Olenekian
stage into two ammonoid zones, i. e .
Owenites koeneni zone in the lower andColumbites parisianus zone in the upper.
The latter was subdivided into subzone,
i. e. Neocolumbites insignis subzone in thelower and Subcolumbites multi/ormis subzone in the upper. The writers think thatZAKHAROV's subdivision is applicable
also to the upper Scythian biozone in
the Kitakami Massif. However, for the
representative species of the Subcolumbites zone of the uppermost Olenekian
stage in Japan it is more preferable touse S. perrinismithi (ARTHABER) insteadof S. multi/ormis KIPARISOVA, because
S. multi/ormis is not known from theOsawa Formation. S. multi/ormis has abroad venter compared with the otherspecies of Subcolumbites.

Acknowledgements

The writers express their sincere
thanks to Dr. Kotora HAT AI, Professor
Emeritus of Tohoku, UniversitJ:, and Dr.
Yoshio ONUKI of Hase Geological Survey
Office, Sendai, for their kind guidance
and reading of the manuscript, a~d toProfessor Keiji NAKAZAWA of Kyoto
University, Professors Koichiro ICHIKAWA and Ken-ichi lSI-III of Osaka City
University, Dr .. Masafumi MURATA of
Tohoku University, Professor Takehiko
IWAI and Dr. Tetsuro SHIOBARA of Hirosaki University, for their kind advice
and suggestion in many ways. Professor
Koichiro ICHIKAWA of Osaka City University k}ndly off~rred ~o the writers
some ammonoid specimens which he298

Yuji BANDO and Shoichi SHIMOYAMA

collected from the Hiraiso and Osawa
districts in the Kitakami Massif. Dr.
Ikuwo OBATA of the National Science
Museum in Tokyo commented on the
manuscript.
The writers are indebted to Prof essor
Bernhard KUMMEL, Museum of Comparative Zoology of Harvard University,
for his kind gift on many useful papers.
Thanks are also due to Dr. Yu. ZAKHAROV, Far East Geological Institute,
Bradivostok, for donating his ammonoid
collection of the Subcolumbites faunafrom the Olenek River region.
Part of the ammonoid specimens described in the present paper were received
from Mr. Niichi NISHIWAKI of Kyoto
University, who collected them from theOsawa area during his study on thegeology of the area in 1971.
This study was supported in part by
grants from the Science Research Fundof the Ministry of Education, Government of Japan. The writers express
their sincere thanks to the authoritiesof the Ministry.
Systematic Description

on ventral shoulders.
Remarks:-KuMMEL (1969) summed up
the species of the genus Preflorianites
and revised them into five species asfollows.
Preflorianites sulioticus (ARTHABER)
Preflorianites garbinus (RENZ and RENZ)
Preflorianites multiplicatus (MOJSISOVICS)
Preflorianites intermedius TOZER
Preflorianites montpelierensis KUMMEL
But KUMMEL did not refer to Preflorianites strongi (HYATT and SMITH) which
was described as Danubites from the·Meekoceras bed of the Inyo Range, eastside of Owens Valley, California. Preflorianites strongi has the pronounced
ribs on the inner side of the flanks near
the umbilicus which almost diminish on.
the outer side of the flanks and the·whorl section is of helmet shape in.
outer whorl. The writers think that
this species is a primitive form of Preflorianites, a genus in which the ornamentation is rather variable.
Occurrence and geological horizon:Late Scythian, Subcolumbites perrinismithi zone. Albania; Chios, Greece;
Olenek, U. S. S. R.; British Columbia;.
California and Idaho, U. S. A.; Japan.

Class Cephalopoda CUVIER, 1797
Subclass Ammonoidea ZITTEL, 1884

Preflorianites aft. sulioticus (ARTHABER}

Order Ceratitida HYATT, 1884

PI. 40, fig. 7

Superfamily Noritaceae KARPINSKY, 1889

Compared with:Xenodiscus sulioticus ARTHABER, 1911: 229,.
pI. 19(3), figs. 6a, b, pI. 20(4), figs. 2a, b;
DIENER, 1915: 315; C. RENZ, 1928: 155;.
RENZ and RENZ, 1947: 61; RENZ and
RENZ, 1948: 56, pI. 3, figs. 1, 2.
Preflorianites sulioticus, SPATH, 1934: 133, pI.
12, figs. 2a-d.
Preflorianites sulioticus, KUMMEL, 1969: 379,.
pI. 4, figs. 5, 6, pI. 19, figs. 1, 2, 5-8, textfig. 9.

Family Xenoceltitidae SPATH, 1930
Genus Preflorianites SPATH, 1930
Type species: Danubites strongi HYATTand SMITH, 1905
Diagnosis :-Shell evolute, with rounded venter, some acute; with radial orprorsiradial ribs. Ribs most distinct onlateral side near umbilicus and diminish

Description :-Shellratherlaterally

631.

Scythian ammonoids from Kitakami

compressed, evolute, with roundedarched venter and strong radial ribs,
prominent on sides of inner part ofwhorls and diminishing near umbilicalshoulders. About 12-13 ribs on sides of299

half outer volution. Sides faintly ornamented with radial or prorsiradiate striations tending to become parallel withribs.

Measurements (in mm) :D

H

19001-1 35.0(27.3) 9.5(7.9)

W

7.6 ?

Remarks :-Only one specimen was
examined. The present specimen resembles the form of Preflorianites sulioticus (ARTHABER) in general charactersof the shell, but the ribs are more prominent or stronger than those of P.
sulioticus. The ribbing form of the present material seems to show more intimate relation with those of Preflorianites
strongi (HYATT and SMITH), but the present form has the whorl more compressed than that of P. strongi. The writers
think that the present specimen suggests
a form intermediate between P. sulioticus
and P. strongi, but with closer resemblance to P. sulioticus.
Occurrence and geological horizon:Columbites parisianus subzone of the
Subcolumbites zone of the Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture, southernpart of the Kitakami Massif. Columbitan

U

HID

17.6(12.0) 0.27(0.28)

W/H

U/D

0.8 ?

0.50(0.43)

stage, Upper Scythian (Early Trias).
ColI. S. SHIMOYAMA. Reg. No. OS19001-1
Family Paranannitidae SPATH, 1930
Genus Arnautocestites DIENER, 1916
Arnautoceltites sp.
PI. 41, fig. 6

Description :-Shell rather evolute, discoidal, with rounded venter and sharply
edged umbilical shoulders. Shell ornamented with obliquely constricted sides;
constrictions extending from umbilicalmargin to venter. Fine striations onshell surface parallel to constrictionsof falciradiate form. Venter rounded,outer whorl intended about half heightof inner whorl. Width and sutures unknown.

Measurements (in mm):I

D

H

W

U

HID

W/H

U/D

I 802-4

32.0

12.0

-

8.4

0.39

-

0.26

Remarks :-Considering from the shellornamentation the present specimen surely belongs to the genus Arnautoceltites,
but specific identification is reserved because of their sutures being not preserved and of the lateral deformation.
KUMMEL (1969, p. 397) recognized fivespecies of the genus Arnautoceltites, i. e.
A. mediterraneus (ARTHABER), A. bajarunasi (ASTAKHOVA), A. involutus CHAO, A.
gracilis (KIP ARISOV A) and A. teicherti
KUMMEL, and restricted the range ofthis genus to the Late Scythian Pro hungarites zone. This genus is character-Yuji BANDO and Shoichi SHIMOYAMA

300

ized by considerably strong prorsiradiate
constrictions which are arranged irregularly on the outer whorl. In Japan, thehorizon that yielded the present specimen is a little above the Subcolumbiteszone of the Osawa Formation. Arnautoceltites mediterraneus (ARTHABER) (ARTHABER, 1911) has stronger constrictions
on the outer whorl than the present specimen.
Arnautoceltites mediterraneus as revised by KUMMEL (1969, p. 397) includes
the following species: Paranannites
chionensis RENZ and RENZ (RENZ and
RENZ, 1947, p. 66, 67; 1948. p. 70. pI.
1, figs. 10-lOc), Paranannites aspensis
HYATT and SMITH var. europaea RENZ
and RENZ (RENZ and RENZ, 1947, p. 61;
1948, p. 71, pI. 1. figs. 16-16c), Para nannites compressus RENZ and RENZ (RENZ
and RENZ, 1947, p. 61, 77, non SMITH,
1932, p. 99, pI. 31, figs. 19-20; RENZ and
RENZ, 1948, p. 71, pI. 1. figs. 15-15b).
Paranannites
chiosensis
KIPARISOVA(KIPARISOVA, 1961, p. 130), Celtites arnauticus ARTHABER (ARTHABER, 1911, p. 267,
pI. 24(8), fig. 7; DIENER, 1915, p. 73;
SMITH, 1932, p. 37), Arnautoceltites arnauticus (ARTHABER) (SPATH, 1934, p. 192.
pI. 13, figs. 6a-f), Paragoceras dukagini
ARTHABER (ARTHABER, 1911, p. 182, 188,
265, pI. 24(8). fig. 6; DIENER, 1915. p. 366;
C. RENZ, 1928. p. 155; KUTASSY, 1933, p.
607; SPATH, 1934, p. 199, fig. 60) and Nannites herberti ARTHABER (ARTHABER, 1908,
p. 274, pI. 11(1), figs. 7a-b; 1911, p. 220).
Occurrence and geological horizon:Arnautoceltites zone of the black shaleof the Osawa Formation at Osawa, Moto-yoshi-cho. Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture. Late Scythian, Subcolumbites zone.
ColI. S. SHIMOY AMA. Reg. No. OS-8024, GLKU-OS-405(K2)Genus Isculitoides SPATH, 1930
Type species: I sculitoides originis ART.HABER. 1911, p. 259,. pI. 23, figs. la-c.
Occurrence and geological horizon:Subcolumbites zone, Late Scythian. Albania; Chios; South China; British Columbia; Primorye Region, U. S. S. R. ;U. S. A.; Afghanistan; Japan.

Isculitoides aff. originis (ARTHABER)
PI. 42, fig. 5Compared with:Isculites originis ARTHA13ER, 1911: 259, pI. 23(7), figs. 1-10; DIENER, 1915: 157; C. RENZ,
1928: 155; KUTASSY, 1933: 540; RENZ and
RENZ, 1947: 60; RENZ and RENZ, 1948:
33, pI. 13, figs. 7-7a, 9-9a, 11-11b, 12-12b,
pI. 14, figs. 6-6a, 9-9a.
Isculitoides originis, SPATH, 1934: 198, pI. 14,
figs. 2a-d, text-fig. 59b, c ; KUMMEL, 1969:
413, pi, 5, figs. 1-10, pI. 6, figs. 1-6, textfigs. 18-20.

Description :-Conch rather involute,
discoidal, with smooth surface and smallumbilicus. Umbilicus opening out andumbilical wall indistinct and low. Shellsurface ornamented by slight, prorsiradiate striae or faint constrictions, generally projected aperture near venter.'
Suture line missing.

Measurements (in mm):-

GLKU*-403

D

H.

33.4

13.2

W

U

HID

10.5

0.39

* GLKU: Department of Geology, Kagawa University.

WIH

U/D
. 0.31

631. Scythian ammonoids from Kitakami
Remarks:-The present specimen is
too poorly preserved to reveal the formof venter and sutures. Although theumbilicus and the shell ornamentation
are rather comparable with Isculitoides
originis (ARTHABER), the present form
is laterally compressed so that thefeature of ventral part cannot be
observed for comparison. The present
material was collected by Dr. M.
MURATA from the black shale of theOsawa Formation at Tate, near Isa·tomae, and the species was associatedwith Utatsusaurus, marine vertebrate
fossil.
Occurrence and geological horizon:Arnautoceltites zone? at Tate near Isatomae, Utatsu-cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi
Prefecture, southern part of the Kitakami Massif. Columbitan-Prohungaritan
substage of the Late Scythian (upper
Lower Trias).
Coll. M. MURATA. Reg. No. OS-807-1,
GLKU-403
Genus Columbites HYATT and
SMITH, 1905
Type species: Columbites parisianus
HYATT and SMITH, 1905
Occurrence and geological horizon:Late Scythian, Columbitan substage or
Late Olenekian substage. North America, southern part of Primorye, U. S. S. R.
and northern part of Japan.
Columbites parisianus HYATT and SMITH
PI. 40, figs. 2, 4, 6, 8; PI. 41, figs. 1, 10;
PI. 42, figs. I, 3

Columbites parisianus HYATT and SMITH, 1905 :51, pI. I, figs. 9-14, pI. 61, figs. 1-21, pI.
72, figs. 1-24; FRECH, 1908: pI. 42, fig. 2;
DIENER, 1915: 112; 1925, 69, pI. 24, fig .. 2 ;301

1932: .107, pI. I, figs. 9-14, pI. 61,
figs. 1-21, pI. 72, figs. 1-24; SPATH,
1934: 201, pI. 13, fig. 3, text-fig. 61;
KUMMEL, 1957: L140, figs. L141-2a-b;
1969: 424, pI. 39, figs. 1-10, pI. 40, figs.
1-11, pI. 41, figs. 1-7, pI. 41, figs. 1-9, pI.
43, figs. 4-5, text-figs. 22-23.
Columbites cf. parisianus HYATT and SMITH,
ZAKHAROV, 1968: 106, pI. 20, figs. 5a-b.
Columbites consanquineus SMITH, 1932: 106, pI.
46, figs. 1-13.
Columbites ornatus SMITH, 1932 : 107, pI, 46,
figs. 14-21.
Columbites ligatus SMITH, 1932 : 106, pI. 47,
figs. 1-8.
Columbites minim us SMITH, 1932: 106, pI. 47,
figs. 9-10.
Columbites spencei SMITH, 1932: 108, pI. 77,
figs. 1-21, pI, 78, figs. 1-16; KUTASSY,
1933: 490.
SMITH,

Description:-Shell evolute, discoidal,
laterally slightly compressed? Whorls
slightly embracing inner whorls. Sides
convex. Height of whorl about 1/3 ofdiameter of shell, diameter of umbilicus
slightly less than half of total diameterof shell. Surface ornamented with radialor prorsiradial ribs and fine striae exc
tending from umbilical shoulders toventer. Fine radial striae parallel withribs which are prominent on sides ofumbilical whorls.
Sculptures much
weaker on ventral part and forming
arc near ventral shoulders.
Remarks:-Eight specimens were examined. Columbites parisianus HYATTand SMITH was regarded as the only
known species from Southeast Idaho(KUMMEL, 1969, p. 425). Recently a species comparable with the named one
was described by ZAKHAROV (1968) fromthe Primorye Region. The Japanese
species from the Osawa Formation lacks
the sutures, but the shell form and theirornamentation resemble those of Columbites parisianus HYATT and SMITH. Columbites parisianus HYATT and SMITH

Yu:ji BANDO and Shoichi SHIMOYAMA

302

Measurements (in mm):D

H

W

U

HID

WIH

U/D

24.2

7.6
8.6
6.0
12.95
18.6
10.8
12.3

-

10. 7
14.9

0.31

-

0.44

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.48
0.42
0.43
0.43

6.0

2.4

8. 1
22.5
22.9
13.2
15.5
8.9

-

O. 45

---

710515-01
1002-1805-91101-71101-111101-121000
19001-24

-

46.45
54.4
30. 2
35.5
19. 4

-

-

-

shows slight variation in the shell ornamentation of ribbing form. The ribs
are very district on the sides of theumbilical whorls, but feeble on the outer whorls at maturity.
Columbites parisianus was first described by HYATT and SMITH (1905) fromthe middle Shale Member of the Thayness Formation in Paris Canyon, Southeast Idaho (SMITH, 1932; KUMMEL. 1969).
The present species has not been reported from any other countries outsideof the United States up to date except
for the occurrence of Columbites ct.
parisianus from the Primorye Region(ZAKHAROV, 1968) and the Japanese
specimens reported here.
Occurrence and geological horizon:Columbites parisianus subzone of thedark gray to black shale of the Osawa
Formation at the type locality, Osawa,
Motoyoshi-cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi
Prefecture, southern part of the Kitakami Massif. Late Scythian or Late
Olenekian stages.
ColI. S. SHIMOY AM A, N. NISHIWAKI
and M. MURATA, 1970-71. Reg. No. OS710515-1, OS-1002-1, OS-1101-7, OS-110111, OS-1101-12, OS-1000, OS-19001-24,
OS-805-9.

0.27
0.34
0.35
0.34
0.30

-

Type species: Columbites perrinismithi
ART HABER, 1908
Subcolumbites perrinismithi (ARTHABER)
PI. 40, figs. 3, 5; PI. 41, fig. 9

Columbites perrinismithi ARTHABER, 1908:
277, pI. 12,fig. 1; ARTHABER, 1911: 262,
pI. 23(7), figs. 19, 20; DIENER, 1915: 112;
C. RENZ, 1928: 155; RENZ and RENZ, 1947:
59; RENZ and RENZ, 1948: 20, pI. 11, figs.
7-7a.
Subcolumbites perrinismithi, SPATH, 1930: 77;
SPATH, 1934: 203, pI. 12, figs. 5a, b; KUMMEL, in ARKELL et aI., 1957: L140, figs.
172, 15a, b; KUMMEL, 1968: 495, pI. 1, figs_
1-3.
Columbites europaeus ARTHABER, 1908: 278,
pI. 12, figs. 2; ARTHABER, 1911, 261, pI.
23(7), figs. 13-18; DIENER, 1915: 112; C.
RENZ, 1928: 155; .RENZ and RENZ, 1947:
59; RENZ and RENZ, 1948; 19, pI. 11, figs.
3-3a, 4-4a, 6-6a.
Subcolumbites europaeus, SPATH, 1934; 204, pI.
12, figs. 6a, b, text-fig. 62c.
Columbites europaeus-perrinismithi RENZ and
RENZ, 1947; 59; RENZ and RENZ, 1948: 20,
pI. 11, figs. 1-lb, 2-2b.
Subcolumbites cf. perrinismithi, BAN DO, 1964:
99, pI. 3, figs. 18, 19, pi. 4, fig. 3.
Subcolumbites perrinismithi, KUMMEL, 1969:
427, pI. 1, figs. 1-9; pI. 2, figs. 5-8; pI. 3,
figs. 1-9; pI. 4, figs. 1-4; text-fig .. 24.

Genus Subcolumbites SPATH, 1930
Remarks:-This species was original-

631.

Scythian ammonoids from Kitakami

ly described by ARTHABER (1908) from
Arbania as a species of Columbites.
Later, ART HABER (1911) and SPATH(1934) recognized three species of Subcolumbites, i. e. Subcolumbites europaeus,
S. perrinismithi and S. mirditensis, based
upon the forms of whorls and sculptures.
Subcolumbites perrinismithi has morecompressed whorls than those of theother species of this genus. RENZ (1928)
and RENZ and RENZ (1947,1948) described
Columbites (Subcolumbites) perrinismithi
from the Island of Chios in Greece andrecognized an intermediate form, Subcolumbites europaeus-perrinismithi, between Subcolumbites perrinismithi andSubcolumbites europaeus from the faunaof Chi os.
SPATH (1934) studied the Subcolumbites
fauna and described the following
species:
Subcolumbites perrinismithi(ARTHABER), S. europaeus (ARTHABER),
S. dusmani (ARTHABER), S. mirditensis(ARTHABER).
Recently KUMMEL (1969) revised thegenus Subcolwnbites and included Columbites europaeus-perrinismithi, C. (Subcolumbites) europaeus ARTHABER, Subcolumbites kwangsianus CHAO (CHAO,
1959) and Columbites asymmetricus CHAO(CHAO, 1959), into the synonymy of
Subcolumbites perrinismithi (ARTHABER).
The Japanese specimens from the Osawa Formation, though poorly preserved,
are identified with the present species
based upon the characteristic shell ornamentation, which consists of fine, numerous, fa1ciradiate lineations on the shellsurface. KUMMEL (1969) stressed thatthe pattern and intensity of shell ornamentation are quite variable. The writers also think that the sculpture of thegenus Subcolumbites is very variable andthere are many transitional forms between species, for example between Subcolumbites perrinismithi and S. dusmani

303(ARTHABER), which were illustrated by
ARTHABER (1911, 263, pI. 24(8), figs. la-d)as Columbites.
One of the present writers (BANDa.
1964) described Subcolumbites d. perrinismithi from the Osawa Formation at Tatenear Isatomae, Utatsu-cho, about 9 km
south of the type locality in the southern part of the Kitakami Massif. Later
KUMMEL (1969) pointed out that the Japanese species is conspecific with S. perrinismithi from the North America and Chios
Island in Greece, after he visited the locality at Tate with RANDO in 1966.
Occurrence and geological horizon:Subcolumbites perrinismithi subzone of
the Late Scythian (Columbitan-Prohungaritan). Black shale of the Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture, southernpart of the Kitakami Massif.
ColI. S. SHIMOY AMA, M. MURAT A and
N. NISHIWAKI, 1971. Reg. No. OS-190011, OS-50902-2, OS-1002-2, OS-1001.
Genus Prenkites ARTHABER, 1911
Type species: Prenkites malsorensis
ARTHABER, 1911
Occurrence and geological horizon:Late Scythian (Columbitan-Prohungaritan?) of the Early Trias. Albania,
Chios, Timor, South China?, Primorye
Region and Japan.
Prenllites cf. timorensis SPATH
PI. 41, figs. 4, 5, 8Compared with:Columbites nov. sp. indet., WELTER, 1922: 150,
pI. 168, figs. 12-13.
Prenkites timorensis, SPATH, 1930: 77; SPATH,
1934 :208, figs. 62d, e.
Columbites bubulinae RENZ and RENZ, 1947:59, 73; RENZ and RENZ, 1948: 26, pI. 9,

Yuji BANDO and Shoichi SHIMOYAMA

304

figs. 7-7a, pI. 10, figs. I-lb.
Prenkites timorensis, KUMMEL, 1969: 441, textfigs. 17, 26.

Description;-Whorls rather involute,
laterally compressed, discoidal, with narrowly rounded venter and sharply edged
umbilical shoulders. Umbilical wall almost vertical. Diameter of umbilicus
about 1/4 of total diameter of shell. Outer whorl indented, about 4/5 of heightof inner whorl. Surface ornamented withprorsiradiate, fine ribs varying in theirstrength and inserted by fine growth
striations parallel with ribs. Their ribs
diminish toward inner volutions. Sutureswith lateral lobes and saddles, but both
ventral" and umbilical sutures missing.
Lateral lobes denticulated as in Ophi-(1)(2)
10 mm.

Fig. 3. Suture lines of Stacheites sp.
(1) and Prenkites d. timorensis SPATH (2).
Both ammonoids occurred from the blackshale of the Osawa Formation at Osawa,
Motoyoshi-cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture, southern part of the Kitakami Massif. Late Scythian.

ceratids and saddles of spheroidal arch.
Umbilical series considerably long.

Measurements (in mm):-

802-1

D

H

W

U

HID

W/H

!

DIU

30.0

10.9

4.5?

7.6

0.36

0.41?

I

0.25

Remarks;- Prenkites timorensis was
proposed by SPATH (1939, 77) as the typespecimen of Columbites nov. sp. of WELTER. WELTER'S illustrated species is represented by only one specimen from
Timor. RENZ and RENZ .(1947, 1948) described many species of Columbites, e. g.
C. malayanus RENZ, C. malayanus crassa
RENZ and RENZ, C. bublinae RENZ and
RENZ, C. levantinus RENZ and RENZ and
C. hellenicus RENZ and RENZ. But KUMMEL (1969, p. 443) regarded them to beconspecific "with Prenkites timorensis
SPATH, and moreover, included CHAO's
species, which consist of Prenkites
kwangsianus CHAO, Columbites huangi
CHAO, C. costatus CHAO and C. yaliensis
CHAO, into the synonymy of Prenkites
timorensis SPATH. Prenkites timorensis
illustrated by: KUMMEL are variable inshell sculpture bearing coarse and strong
ribs as seen in Columbites levantinus
and fine ribs as seen in Columbites
bublinae. The present writers consider
that it is better to distinguish Prenkites
bublinae from P. timorensis because
their shell ornamentation is distinctly
different from each other.
Occurrence and geological horizon;Arnautoceltites zone of the Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture, southernpart of the Kitakami Massif. Late Scythian (Early Trias).
ColI. S. SHIMOy'AMA, 1968. Reg. No.
OS-802-1, OS-801-5, OS-802-3.
Prenkites sp.
PI. 41, fig. 11

631.

Scythian ammonoids from Kitakami

Description :-Shell discoidal or subglobose, with funnel shaped umbilicus
and rounded venter. Umbilical shoulder
sharply edged. Ornamentation consists

305of f a1ciradiate striation which gradually
become prominent to body whorl andfiner to inner whorl. Ventral part andsepta unknown.·

Measurements (in mm):D

I 30.6
801-5
I

,

H

I

W

U

i

HID

W/H

U/D

10.8

I

-

7.8

I

0.35

-

O. 25

Remarks :-The single specimen examined is not of good preservation except
for the shell ornamentation and the umbilicus which are both in good condition.
In the characters of shell ornamentationand the funnel-shaped umbilicus the present specimen may be belonged to thegenus Pren/,ites, which is characteristic
in its depressed whorls with the umbilicus abruptly flaring and with the umbilical tubercles on the inner whorls,
and also by the constricted body-chamber and aperture as pointed out by
SPATH (1934, p. 207).
Occurrence and geological horizon:Arnautoceltites zone of the black shaleof the Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture, southern part of the Kitakami
Massif. Late Scythian (Early Trias).
ColI. S. SHIMOY AMA, 1968. Reg. No.
OS-80l-5.

PI. 42, fig. 4

Genus Stacheites KITTL, 1903

Description :-Shell involute, laterallycompressed?, discoidal, as in Meekoceratids, with smooth sides or with few
radial folds. No growth striations observed on shell surface. Umbilicus narrow, about 3.9 mm in diameter, and about
one-fourth of total diameter of shell.
Suture incomplete, but with large andentire external saddle and first laterallobe on external sides of shell. Saddle
consist of single first lateral saddle andvery long umbilical series.
Remarks:- The single specimen is notwell preserved, but the sutures are discernible, and the shell surface and umbilicus are preserved. The whorls andsutures are identified with the genus
Stacheites. . Unfortunately the ventral
and umbilical pattern of the sutures are
missing in the present material.
Occurrence and geological horizon:Subcolumbites perrinismithi subzone of
the Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture. Late Scythian (Early Trias).
ColI. S. SHIMOY AMA, 1971. Reg. No_
OS-805-10.

Type species: Stacheites prionoides
KITTL, 1903, p. 27, pI. 4, fig. 8.

Suborder Phylloceratina ARKELL, 1950

Stacheites sp.

Superf amily Phyllocerataceae
ZITTEL, 1884

Family Meekoceratidae W AAGEN, 1895
Subf amily Arctoceratinae
ART HABER, 1911

Yuji BANDO and Shoichi SHIMOYAMA

306

Monophyllites (Leiophyllites) rosae RENZ and
RENZ, 1947: 61, 77; RENZ and RENZ, 1948:
74, pI. 3, figs. 8-8a.
Monophyllites (Schizophyllites) betilioni RENZ
and RENZ, 1947: 61, 78; RENZ and RENZ,
1948: 74, pI. 4, figs. 8-8b.
Monophyllites (Schizophyllites) betilloni var.
evoluta RENZ and RENZ, 1948: 76, pI. 4,
figs. 6-6a, pI. 5, figs. 2-2a, 4-4a, 6-6a.

Family Ussuritidae HYATT, 1900
Genus Eophyllites SPATH, 1930
Type species: Monophyllites dieneri
ARTHABER, 1908, p. 288, pI. 13, figs.
3a-c.
Eophyllites cf. dieneri (ARTHABER)

Description :-Specimen evolute, laterally compressed, with serpenticoned umbilicus. Sides of flanks gently convex
from umbilical to ventral shoulders.
Venter narrowly rounded and umbilicalwall shallow. Surf ace of shell ornamented with fine radial striations extending from umbilical to ventral shoulders. Few comparatively distinct radialribs or folds on shell surf ace. Sutures
unknown.

PI. 40, fig. 1<Compared with:Monophyllites dieneri ARTI-IABER, 1908: 288,
pI. 13, figs. 3a-c, 4a-c; ARTHABER, 1911:
234, pI. 20, figs. 5-8; DIENER, 1915: 203.
Eophyllites dieneri (ARTHABER), SPATH, 1930:
85,89; SPATH, 1934: 293-295; KUMMEL,
in ARKELL et aI., 1957: L186; KUMMEL,
1969: 524, pI. 22, figs. 1-4; pI. 23, figs.
1-7, text·fig. 47.

Measurements (in mm):D
1101-9H

31. 4(23. 9) 9.4(7.9)

W-

Remarks:-The material at hand from-the Osawa Formation are poorly preserved, but the shell ornamentation andwhorls are rather well preserved. The_present specimens are closest to those-of Eophyllites dieneri (ARTHABER) in the.general shape of shell and surface ornamentation. Unfortunately the sutures
are not preserved and the shell is slightJy compressed laterally by subsequent
deformation. SPATH (1934, p. 293) stated-that the ornamentation of the shell is-more or less rectiradiate (radial andstraight) striae of growth and indistinct.
The present material also has numerous
radial growth striae and they arestraight from the umbilical to the ven-tral shoulders. The type species, Eo-U1
1

I HID I W/H I U/D

15. 2(9.1):

-

0.29
1

II

0.48

I

phyllites dieneri, was originally describedby ARTHABER (1908, loco cit.) from Albania. KUMMEL (1969, p. 524) included
SPATH'S Eophyllites refractus into thesynonymy of E. dieneri. E. refractus
SPATH (SPATH, 1934, p. 295, pi. 111, fig.
4) was based upon Monophyllites hara
ARTHABER (ARTHABER, 1908, p. 216, pi.
12, fig. 4, non DIENER), but according to
SPATH (op. cit.) the shell ornamentation
has growth striae which are strongly
bent back on the peripheral edge. The
writers consider that the striae or ribs
are rather variable among the speciesof this genus and, therefore, the identification of species based upon such characters may be difficult. KUMMEL (1969,
p. 525) considered that Eophyllites re-631.

Scythian ammonoids from Kitakami

fractus is conspecific with E. dieneri.
Other species of this genus are Eophyllites orientalis SPATH (SPATH, 1934,
p. 295, designated as type specimen
Monophyllites aff. dieneri of WELTER,
1922, p. 118, pI. 161, figs. 5-7) from
Timor and E. amurensis KIPARISOV A,
1961, p. 137, pI. 28, figs. 7, 8, text-fig.
104) from the Primorye Region ineastern part of Siberia.
Occurrence and geological horizon:Columbites parisianus subzone of theOsawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshicho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture.
Late Scythian (Early Trias).

307

Coil. S. SHIMOY AM A, 1970. Reg. No.
OS-1101-9.

Eophyllites sp.
PI. 41, fig. 7

Description :-Shell evolute, whorls compressed laterally, with wide umbilicus
and narrowly rounded venter. Surface
ornamented with faint and condensed
radial striae extending from umbilicalmargin to ventral margin. Striae on
body whorl more prominent than on inner whorl. Three volutions obvious inumbilicus. Suture unknown.

Measurements (in mm):-

GLKU-OS-406

D

H

W

U

HID

W/H

U/D

-

15.0?

-

18.6

-

-

-

Remarks :-Considering from the shellornamentation and the form of umbilicus the present specimen is similar to" Monophyllites (Schizophyllites)" betilloni
var. evoluta RENZ and RENZ (RENZ and
RENZ, 1948, p. 76, pI. 4, figs. 6-6a; pI. 5,
figs. 2-2a, 4-4a, 6-6a). KUMMEL placed
the species mentioned above in the synonymy of Eophyllites dieneri (ARTHABER)(type species: Monophyllites dieneri ARTHABER, 1908, p. 288, pI. 13, fig. 3a-c,4a-c), but the ornamentation of EoPhyllites dieneri differs from that of Eophyllites evolutus (RENZ and RENZ) ((RENZ
and RENZ, 1947, 1948, as Monophyllites{Schizophyllites) betilloni var. evoluta
RENZ and RENZ». The shell ornamentation and septa 00£ Eophyllites dieneri
apparently more resemble those of Leiophyllites than Eophyllites evolutus.
Occurrence and geological horizon:Subcolumbites zone of the Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho, Moto-yoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture. Late Scythian (Early Trias).
Coil. S. SHIMOY AMA, 1970. Reg. No.
GLKU-OS-406.
Genus Leiophyllites DIENER, 1915
Type species: Monophyllites suessi
MOJSISOVICS, 1882

Leiophyllites sp.
PI. 41, fig. 2

Description:- Whorls evolute, laterally compressed, with wide umbilicus,
rounded venter and smooth shell surf ace.
Umbilicus composed of three or four inner volutions and shallow and roundedumbilical wall. Outer whorl slightly
indented by inner whorl. Sides of shellsmooth and flattened without ribs or
striations.

Yuji BANDO and Shoichi SHIMOYAMA

308

Type species: Dalmatites morlaccus
KITTL, 1903

Remarks :-In the present material halfof the outer volution is missing, but theumbilicus and shell surf ace are wellpreserved. The sutures show a Leiophyllites form.
Occurrence and geological horizon:Subcolumbites zone of the Osawa Formation at Tate near Isatomae, Utatsucho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture,southern part of the Kitakami Massif.
Late Scythian (Early Trias).
Coll. K. ISHII and Y. BANDO, 1970.
Reg. No. GLKU-OS-404.

Dalmatites sp.
PI. 41, fig. 3

Description:- Laterall y much compressed shell with flattened sides andshall umbilicus. Conch involute, discoidal, and sides ornamented with faintradial folds at middle portion of heightof flank, there diminish on ventral andumbilical margins, surface ornamented
with faint, radial growth striations.
Sutures unknown.

Family Hungaritidae W AAGEN, 1895
Genus Dalmatites KITTL, 1903
Measurements (in mm):-_.
I

S02-2 !
SOl-6 !

D
25.3
12.2

I

I

H
12.2
6.S

i
I

W

I

-

,

-

j

I

I
I

I

U

I

2.S
1. O?

HID
0.4S
0.55

I W/H I UID
-

I

-

0.11
O.OS?

Explanation of Plate 40
Fig. 1. Eophyllites d. dieneri (ARTHABER).
Reg. no. OS-llOl-9, X 1.4, Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho. Columbites parisianus subzone of the Subcolumbites zone, Late Scythian.
Figs. 2, 4, 6, S, 9. Columbites parisianus HYATT and SMITH
2 (Reg. no. OS-llOl-4) x 2; 4 (Reg. no. OS-llOl-ll) x 1.2; 6 (Reg. no. OS-lOOO) X 1.S;
S (Reg. no. OS-llOS-S) X 1.3; 9 (Reg. no. OS-S05-'-9) x 2.7, Osawa Formation atOsawa,
Motoyoshi-cho. Subcolumbites zone of the Late Scythian.
l"igs. 3, 5. Subcolumbites perrinismithi (ARTHABER)
3 (Reg ..no. OS-1900l) xl; 5 (Reg. no. OS-50002-2) xl, Osawa. Formation at Tate near
.Isatomae, Utatsu-cho. Subcolumbites perrinismithi subzone of the Subcolumbites zone,
Late Scythian.
Fig. 7. Prefiorianites afL sulioticus (ARTHABER)
Reg. no. OS-19001-1, X 1.3, Osawa Formation at Sarusawa, Motoyoshi-cho. Columbites
parisian us subzone of the Subcolumbites zone, Late Scythian.
All specimens illustrated here are preserved at the Department bf Geology, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan.

BANDO and SHIMOY AMA:

Scythian ammonoids from Kitakami

Plate 40

6

631.

Scythian ammonoids from Kitakami

Remarks:-The ornamentation of theshell of the present specimens resembles that of Dalmatites morlaccus KITTL(KITTL, 1903, p. 73, p. 4, figs. 3-7; DIENER, 1915, p. 115; SPATH, 1951, p. 20;
KUMMEL, in ARKELL et ai., 1957, L156,
fig. 187, 7; KUMMEL, 1969, p. 522, pi. 56,
fig. 108, text-fig. 46). It is difficult toconfirm the specific position of the present specimen because of its poor stateof preservation.
Occurrence and geological horizon:Arnautoceltites zone of the Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture, Kitakami
Massif. Late Scythian (Early Trias).
Coli. S. SHIMOY AMA, 1968. Reg. No.
OS-801-6, OS-802-2.

References
ARTHABER, G.v. (1908): Ueber die Entdeckung von Untertrias in Albanien und ihre
faunistische Bewertung. Mitt. Geol. Ges.
Wien. 1, pp. 245-289.
- - (1911): Die Trias von Albanien. Beitr.
Palaont. Geol. Oest.-Ung., 24, pp. 169-277.
BAN DO, Y. (1956): Geology of the Fujisawacho area, Higashiiwai-gun, Iwate Prefecture (Graduation Thesis, MS, in Japanese) .
- - (1958): Stratigraphic study of the Triassic formations in the southern partof Kitakami Massif (Graduation Thesis,
MS, in Japanese).
- - (1964): The Triassic stratigraphy andammonite fauna of Japan. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ., Sendai, 2nd Ser. (Geol.), 36,
pp. 1-137.
- - (1968): Stratigraphic problems concerning the newly occurred Lower Triassic ammonites from the Kitakami
Massif and Maizuru Zone. Mem. Fac.
Educ., Kagawa Univ., pt. 2, (174), pp. 1-7(in Japanese).
- - (1970):
Lower Triassic ammonoids
from the Kitakami Massif. Trans. Proc.

309

Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., (79), pp.337354.
CHAO, K. (1959): Lower Triassic ammonoids
from western Kwangsi, China. Palaeont.
Sinica, (145), pp. 1-355.
DIENER, C. (1915): Fossilium Catalogus, l.
Animalia. Pt. 8, Cephalopoda Triadica.
Berlin, pp. 1-369.
- - (1916): Einige Bemerkungen zur Nomenklatur der Triascephalopoden. Centralbl. Min. Geol. Palaont., Jg., 1916 (5),pp. 97-105.
HYATT, A. and SMITH, J.P. (1905): The
Triassic cephalopod genera of America.
Prof. Pap. u.S. Geol. Surv., (40), pp. 1394.
icHIKAWA, K. (1948): On the Lower andMiddle Triassic stratigraphy of Tsuya
and Isatomae areas in southern part of
the Kitakami Massif. Jour. Geol. Soc.
Japan, 53, pp. 79-80 (in Japanese).
- - (1950): Chronological classification of
the Triassic Period in Japan. Jour. Geol.
Soc. Japan, 56, pp. 17-22 (in Japanese).
- - (1951): Triassic formations in thesouthern part of the Kitakami Massif.
in the Triassic stratigraphy of Japan.
Repts. SPec. No., Geol. Surv. Japan, pp.
7-26 (in Japanese).
I:'>AI, Y. (1939): Geology of Shizugawa andits environs in Miyagi Prefecture. Jour.
Geol. Soc. Japan, 46, pp. 231-242 (in Japanese) .
KIPARISOYA, L.D. (1961): Paleontologicalfoundation for the stratigraphy of theTriassic deposits of the Primorye Region. Pt. 1, Cephalopoda. Trudy Vsesoiuznyi Nauchno-issledovatelskii Geol.' Inst.
(VSEGEI), N. Ser., 48, pp. 1-278 (inRussian).
KIPARISOYA, L.D. and POPOY, Yu. N. (1956):
Separating the lower part, of the Triassic
system into stages. Dokl. Akad. Nauk
USSR, 109, pp. 842-845 (in Russian).
and --(1964) : Stratigraphy of the Upper
Paleozoic and Mesozoic of the southernbiogeographical provinces. The projectof subdivision of the Lower Trias into
stages. International Geological Congress, 22nd Session. Report of Soviet

310

Yuji BANDa and Shoichi SHIMOYAMA

Geologists, Problem 16. Akad. Nauk SSSR,
pp. 91-99 (in Russian with English abstract) .
KITTL, E. (1903): Die Cephalopoden deroberen Werfener Schichten von Mue inDalmatien. Abh. Ceol. Reichsanst. Wien,
20, pp. 1-77.
KUMMEL, B. (1968): Additional Scythianammonoids from Afghanistan.
Bull.
Mus. COUlP. Zool., Harvard Univ., (136),
pp. 483-509.
- - (1969): Ammonoids of the Late Scythian (Lower Triassic). Ibid., (137), pp.
311-702.
KUROSAWA, M. (1929): Geology of MaiyaShizugawa areas in the Kitakami Massif(Graduation Thesis, MS, in Japanese).
KUTASSY, A. (1933): Fossilium Catalogus.
I. Animalia. Pt. 56, Cephalopoda Triadica
II. Berlin, pp. 371-832.

MABUTI, S. (1932): Stratigraphy of the Tatsukane Mass in southern Kitakami Massif (Graduation Thesis, MS, in Japanese).
MURATA, M. (1971): Report on the collection of Utatsusaurus. Chigaku-kenkyu, 22,
pp. 396-409 (in Japanese).
- - (1973): Triassic fossils from the Kitakami Massif. Part 1, Pelecypods andBrachiopods of the Osawa and the Fukkoshi Formations.
Sci. Rept. Tohoku
Univ., 2nd Ser. (Ceol.), Spec. Vol. no. 6(Hatai Memorial Volume), pp. 267-275.
ONUKI, Y. and BAN DO, Y. (1959): On the
Inai Group of the Lower and Middle
Triassic System (Stratigraphical andpaleontological studies of the Triassic
System in the Kitakami Massif, northeastern Japan :-3). Contr. Inst. Ceol.
Paleont., Tohoku Univ., (50), pp. 1-66 (inJapanese).

Explanation of Plate 41
Figs. 1, 10. Columbites parisianus HYATT and SMITH
1 (Reg. no. OS-19001-24) x2; 10 (Reg. no. OS-1002-1) x2, Osawa Formation at Osawa,
Motoyoshi-cho. Columbites parisianus subzone, Late Scythian.
Fig. 2. Leiophyllites sp.
Reg. no. GLKU-404, X 1.2, Osawa Formation at Tate near Isatomae, Utatsu-cho. Subcolumbites zone.
Fig. 3. Dalmatites sp.
Reg. no. OS-802-2, Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho. Arnautoceltites zone,
La te Scythian.
Figs. 4, 5, 8. Prenkites d. timorensis SPATH
4 (Reg. no. OS-801-5) X 1.2; 5 (Reg. no. OS-802-3) X 1.3; 8 (Reg. no. OS-802-1) X 1.2,
Osawa Formation at Osawa,' Motoyoshi-cho. Arnautoceltites zone, Late Scythian.
Fig. 6. Arnautoceltites sp.
Reg. no. GLKU-OS-405(K2) X 2.5, Osawa Formation at Tate near"Isatomae, Utatsu-cho.
Arnautoceltites zone, Late Scythian.
Fig. 7. Eophyllites sp.
Reg. no. GLKU-OS-406, X 1.5, Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho. Subcolumbites zone.
Fig. 9. Subcolumbites perrinismithi (ARTHABER)
Reg. no. OS-1002-2, x 2, Akaushi, Motoyoshi-cho. Subcolumbites perrinismithi zone, Late
Scythian.
Fig. 11. Prenkites sp.
Reg. no. OS-801-5, X 1.9, Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho. Arnautoceltites
zone, Late Scythian.

B ANDO and SHIMOY AMA:

Scythian ammonoids from Kitakami

Plate 41

631. Scythian ammonoids from Kitakami
RENZ, C. (1928): Uber eine untertriadischeAmmonitenfauna von der kleinasiatischen Insel Chios. Eclogae Ceol. Helv., 21,
pp. 154-156.
RENZ, C. and RENz, O. (1947): Ubersicht
tiber eine untertriadische Ammonitenfauna von der Insel Chios (Griechenland).
Verhandl. Naturforsch. Ces. Basel, 58,
pp. 58-79.
- - and - - (1948): Eine untertriadischeAmmonitenfauna von der griechischen
Insel Chios. Abh. Schweiz. Paliiont., 66,
pp. 1-98.
·SHlIDA, I. (1939): On the Geology of Kesennuma-cho and its environs in Miyagi
Prefecture. Contr. Inst. Ceol. Paleont.,
Tohoku Univ., (33), pp. 1-72 (in Japanese).
:SMITH, J.P. (1932): Lower Triassic ammonoids of North America. Prof, Pap. U.S.
Ceol. Surv., 167, pp. 1-199.
:SPATH, L.F. (1930) : The Eo-Triassic invertebrate fauna of East Greenland. Medd.
om Crtfmland. 83, pp. 1-90.
- - (1934): Catalogue of Fossil Cephalopoda
in the British Museum (Natural History).
Part IV. The Ammonoidea of the Trias.

AkaushiChonomoriFukkoshi
Hiraiso
IsatomaeKesennuma
Konori
Motoyoshi
oOjika7)f.

4--ffi:J~

J!i!. iI'l&
.ljZ-

r~

_f!t.m jllf
~1Jl1iB
Ij,

*'"
!f±

:<$:

±

)fg

311

London, pp. 1-521.
TOZER, E.T. (1965a): Latest Lower Triassic ammonoids from Ellesmere Islandand northeastern British Columbia. Bull.
Ceol. Surv. Canada, (123), pp. 1-45.
- - (1965b): Lower Triassic stages and ammonoid zones of Arctic Canada. Ceol.
Surv. Canada, Paper 65-12, pp. 1-14.
- - (1972): Triassic ammonoids and Daonella from the Nakhlak Group, Anarak
Region, Central Iran. Ceol. Surv. Iran,
Report 28, pp. 29-39.
WAAGEN, W. (1895): Salt Range fossils.
Fossils from the Ceratite Formation. Pt.
1, Pisces-Ammonoidea. Mem. Ceol. Surv.
India, Palaeont. Indica, Ser. 13, 2, pp. 1323.
WEL TER, O.A. (1922): Die Ammoniten derUnteren Trias von Timor. Paliiont. Timor.,
Stuttgart, 11 (19), pp. 83-154.
ZAKHAROV, Yu. D. (1968): Lower Triassic
biostratigraphy and ammonoids in southern Primorye Region. Akad. Nauk SSSR,
Siberian Section, Far Eastern Geological
Institute, pp. 1-172 (in Russian).

OkachiOnagawa
Osawa
Rifu
Sarusawa
Shindate
Tate
ToyomaUtatsu:U.l nJ}-&:. )11

*- lR

IFf
1R

~IJ
~ii
~Jf

tg
tg

~
~

*~

.,

312

Yuji BANDO and Shoichi SHIMOYAMA

Explanation of Plate 42
Figs. 1, 3. Columbites parisianus HYATT and SMITH
1 (Reg. no. OS-1101) x 1.9; 3 (Reg. no. OS-1101-8) x 1.9, Osawa Formation at Akaushi,
Motoyoshi-cho. Columbites parisian us subzone.
Fig. 2. Subcolumbites perrinismithi (ARTHABER)
Reg. no.OS-1001, x 2, Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho. Subcolumbites perrinismithi subzone, Late Scythian.
Fig. 4. Stacheites sp. (1), Prohungarites ? sp. (2) and Subcolumbites sp. (3)Reg. no. OS-805-8, x2, Osawa Formation at Osawa, Motoyoshi-cho. Subcolumbites perrinismithi subzone, Late Scythian.
Fig. 5. Isculitoides aff. originis (ARTHABER)
Reg. no. OS-807-1, x 1.6, Osawa Formation at Tate, near Isatomae, Utatsu-cho. Arnautoceltites zone ?, Late Scythian.

BANDO and SHI MOY AMA:

Scythian ammonoids from Kitakami

Plate 42Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 94, pp. 313-318, pI. 43, June 30, 1974

632. TWO SPECIES OF PERMUNDARIA FROM THE KITAKAMIMOUNTAINS, NORTHEAST JAPAN*]UN-rCHI T AZAW A
Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060:It.l:LlJJ:i!!leggl±\J....t-:2fjO) Permundaria le-:),,'-C: Permundaria (/lmJEfii) Ij:;:h"f""C"ves*, 4t1ET¥i$, tJ :/;f,"~7, tJ~ ~ -,"O)4t-l:gll=1i*tpi;fll'G-t'h-Cv<!)o ~1!ffiT¥i$:lt.l:LlJJ:I!!, -gJJjl(.hFoI;:~\f!1litnlll:j\i*iitl!!.~le .t-01:r.Q IIttr*1t""fi'fIIO)li:P'N15EkEIit .t-o J::. ~*lIlf.l7.
li'YE!lJ::. ~ ~ <O)/lmJ,EJftO)fr.1i~I*~ LJ::6!, .:to)tJ;7J'I;: 4 flfflf*, 2 HrO) Permundaria ~~,gl;.')t-:o .:to)? t:, 2 ff;IHi*lTfiJl C ,1(!;,hh.Q O)-r: i:. h~ Permundaria tenuistriata n. sp. c ~45 J....,
lli:il\lti-.Qo ft!!li P. asiatica NAKAMURA, KATO and CHO[ 1;:1iilJ:E~ht-:o III iR k,iIi -Introduction
Recently NAKAMURA, KATO and CHOI
(1970) reported the occurrence of some
Linoproductid shells from the Lower
Kanokura series of the Southern Kitakami Mountains, Northeast Japan andthe Upper Permian Sisophon limestone(Yabeina zone) of Cambodia. Then they
established a new genus Permundaria
with P. asiatica as the type species. Aceording to their description, the present
genus is characterized by the surface·ornamentation and outline of the shell.
Namely conspicuous rugae besides numerous fine costellae are developed on theentire surface of both valves; the shellis semicircular, rectangular or subquadrate in outline and shows weak convexity in pedicle valve. The genus is known
to occur from the Middle to Upper Permian of Japan, South China, Cambodia
and Kashmir.
The present author has been engaged
in geological and palaeontological studies

Text-fig. 1.

of the Permian formations developed in
the Kamiyasse-Kesennuma area, sou~thern Kitakami Mountains, since 1970.
The stratigraphy of this region is summarized as a generalized columnar section shown in Text-fig. 2.
Since the pioneer works of Y ABE (1900)
and HAY ASAKA (1922, 23, 25) this area
has been known for a long time as agood locality for the Permian invertebrate fossils; in fact a number of papers* Received July 7, 1973: read June 23, 1973
at Niigata.
313

Jun-ichi TAZAWA

314
ROCK:

!:"

..

""

FACIESMAIN

FOSSILS

Black Blate (650 m+)
1::::=3650 m+

Grey to greyish brown :nedi"J.:r.
sandstone

Black Bandy or limy slate (350 m)

Grey fine sandstone
Grey to whitish grey li:uestone
1=::::::::~450 m
Grey massive limestone (0-70 m)
Grey to greyish brown fine to medium.
sandstone
Dark grey impure limestone (10-100 m)
Greenish brown to reeniSh grey finesandstone (20-60 m

Grey fine to medium. sandstone

Conglomerate:b;;:::;~I--fault

Codonofusiella explicata (KAWANO)
Verbeekina verbeek1 (GEINITZ)
Lep1dolina multiseptata (DEPRAT)
Parawentzelella (P.) cf .. canalifera
var .. sisophonensis FONTAINE

Sinopora sp.
Parafusulina motoyosh1ens1s (MORIKAWA)
Monod1exod1na matsuba1s (FUJIMOTO)
Chusenella chos1ens1s (CHISAKA)
Streptorhynchus pelargonatus (SCHLOTE.
Spinomarginifera kuelchowensis HUANG
L1noproductus cora (d'ORBIGNY)
Cancrinella cancriniformis spinosa
HAYASAKA &: MINATO
Leptodus nob1l1s (WAAGEN)
Stenoscisma humbletonens1s (HOWSE)
Sp1r1fere1l1na cristata (SCHLOTHEIM)
Acanthopecten spinosus HAYASAKA

Schizodus tobai (HAYASAKA)
Conglomerate
Paracel ti tee
y.__________________-1~~~~~~~~O~b~tu~s~i~c~au~d~a~(KA~Y~S~ER~)~
Wlconformi t
Black slate (240 m)
Pseudofusulina fus1formis (SCHELLWIEN)
P. kraffti (SCHELLWIEN &: DYRRENFURTH)
Duplophyllum (D.) sp.
Yatseng1a cf. 1buk1ens1s MINATOm"Naagenophyllum (W.) polyseptatum~rey to dark grB.., limestone (215 m)
MINATO:.l1chelinia (Protomichelin1a)
multitabulata (YABE &: HAYASAKA)
Husted1a grand1costa (DAVIDSON)(175 m+)Mino japanella elongata FUJIMOTO
Paraachwagerina (Acervoschwagerina)zone

Text-fig. 2. Generalized stratigraphic sequence of the Permian System of the
Kamiyasse-Kesennuma area, Miyagi Prefecture (After T AZAWA, 1973).

have been published on this fauna.
Also the writer, in the course of his
field survey, collected a fairly large
number of fossils from various horizons.
Brachiopods are extremely rich in thedark grey impure limestone and thegreenish brown fine sandstone members
belonging to the upper part of the Lower
Kanokura Series. Among them fourbrachiopod specimens seem to be referable to the aforesaid genus. Two ofthese specimens are assignable to a
known species, and the rest represents a
new form. And the present article describes two species of Permundaria.
Before going into description, the writer wishes to express his sincere thanks
to Prof. M. MINATO of Hokkaido University for his kind guidance and encouragement throughout this study.
Special thanks are due to Assist. Prof.
M. KATO of Hokkaido University and Dr.

632. Permundaria from the Kitakami Mountains
K. NAKAMURA of Hokkaido University of
Education for their earnest guidance andvaluable suggestions given to the author
during the course of the present work.
The author wishes to extend his hearty
thanks to Prof. S. NISHIDA and Assist.
Prof. Y. HASEGAWA of Niigata University from whom the author has been
received warm encouragement.

Description of species

Family Linoproductidae STEHLI, 1954
Subfamily Linoproductinae STEHLI, 1954
Genus Permundaria NAKAMURA,
KA TO and CHOI, 1970

Permundaria asiatica NAKAMURA,
KA TO and CHOI, 1970
PI. 43, figs. 3a-b, 4.

1908. Productus undatus, DIENER (non DEFRANCE) : pp. 23-25, pI. 1, fig. 10 (excl.
fig. 9).
1956. Striatifera? sp., HAY ASAKA and MINATO: pp. 144-145, pI. 23, figs. 6, 7.
1970. Permundaria asiatica NAKAMURA, KATO
and CHOI: pp. 296-297, pI. 2, figs. 1, 2.

Type.-NAKAMURA, KATO and CHOI
(1970) designated the holotype and theparatype of this species. The Holotype(PI. 2, figs. 1a-c; Reg. no. UHR 19015)
consists of external and internal moulds
of a pedicle valve, which was collected
at Budo-sawa, a small tributary of Kattisawa, Sumita-cho, Iwate Pref., Japan.
The specimen seems to be considerably
distorted, although the NAKAMURA andothers presumed the degree of deformation to be weak. The paratype(PI. 2, fig. 2; Reg. no. UHR 19016) is astrongly exfoliated pedicle valve, which
was obtained from Phnon Svai, Siso-

315

phon, Battambang region, Cambodia.
Material.-The specimens examinedby the writer comprise two internalmoulds of pedicle valve. The smaller
one (pI. 43, fig. 4; Reg. no. UHR 19698}
is more or less deformed by pressure,.
while the another specimen (pI. 43, figs.
3a-b; Reg. no. UHR 19699) represents.
its original configuration and the calcareous shell materials are partly preserved. Both of them were collected
at Nidanosawa, a tributary of Shigejisawa, Kamiyasse, Kesennuma City,
Miyagi Pref., Japan (Text-fig. 1).
Description.-Shell of moderate to large
in size, wider than long and somewhat
rectangular in outline; pedicle valve
gently convex in lateral profile; beaksmall, not projected beyond hinge-line;
ears triangular, flattened, obscurely
marked off from visceral disc and flanks;interarea and median sulcus absent; shellmaterial fairly thick, and 2.3 mm inthickness near umbo.
The sculpture over the entire surf ace
composed of numerous fine radial costellae and coarse concentric rugae;
costellae rounded and interrupted byrugae. Costellae enumerated 9 to 12 in
5 mm at anterior margin and increasedin number by intercalations; rugae
sharply imbricated, interspaces between
them narrow in umbonal region andbecoming gradually wider' towards theanterior margin, irregularly developedon ears and lateral parts; spine bases
not observed.
The conceivable dimensions of the two
specimens are as follows: length, 60 mm,
width, 96 mm in the larger specimen;
length, 51 mm, width, 48 mm in the smaller one.
Remarks.-This species was designated as the type species of the genus.
Permundaria by NAKAMURA, KATO andCHOI (1970). The specific diagnosis.

316

Jun-ichi T AZAW A

of this form are its transversely rectangular outline, nearly flat or slightly
convex pedicle valve and relatively thick,less-numbered costellae. As the holotype appears to be considerably distorted
elongately, the pedicle valve must havebeen originally wider in outline. Basedupon the features of the general outline
and the surface ornamentation, thespecimens from Kamiyasse, now underconsideration are safely assignable tothe type species.
HA YASAKA and MIN ATO (1956) described two linoproductid specimensfrom the Lower Kanokura Series of thesouthern Kitakami Mountains as a species of Striatifera with querry. Although
the features of their materials are notclearly observed owing to ill-preservation, they differ from any species ofStriatifera on account of their straight,
conceivably long hinge-line and lessnumbered costeJlae.
DIENER (1908) identified two brachiopod remains derived from the Middle
to Upper Permian Zewan bed of Kashmirwith Productus undatus DEFRANCE. The
larger specimen is clearly distinguishedfrom P. asiatica by its distinct trail,
while the other smaller one may beconspecific with the present species
from its rectangular outline and surface
ornaments.
In. 1883, KAYSER also described two
specimens as Productus undatus DEFRANCE in his monograph of Loping
fauna. The surface sculpture of themconsists of concentric rugae and numerous fine costellae.
However, theirsemicircular or rather trigonal outline
is quite different from that of thepresent species. As to the KAYSER'S
materials, NAKAMURA et al. (1970) gave
their opinion as follows; one of them(fig. 13 of KAYSER's plate 26) seemed
to be specifically identifiable with Com-

pressoproductus 17longolicus DIENER, while
the other (fig. 12 of the same plate)could be distinguished from the former
and referred to the species, Permundaria
sisophonensis, collected from Sisophon
limestone, Cambodia.
CHAO (1927) proposed a new genus
Striatifera based on the materials fromSouth China and Mongolia, and described some species belonging to the genus
at the same time. Judging from thedescription and the figures illustrated
in his monograph, the materials designated as Striatifera? kayseri by him
appear to be assignable to the genus
Permundaria. Because of the rather
strong convexity of pedicle valve andthe numerous very fine costellae,
however, this Chinese species is easily
distinguished from P. asiatica.
Occurrence.- The larger specimen wascollected from the bedded. dark grey
arenaceous limestone at Nidano-sawa, atributary of Shigeji-sawa. This limestone
contains numerous fossils of fusulinids,
bryozoans, brachiopods and others, andis about 25 m in thickness around thefossil locality. Among the brachiopods,
Leptodus nobilis (WAAGEN) is most dominant. At the upperstream of the same
tributary, the smaller one was obtained
from the greenish brown fine-grainedsandstone member overlying the previous limestone beds, together with somany casts of a fusulinid, lVfonodiexodina
17latsubaishi (FUJIMOTO). Besides thefusulinid impressions, many brachiopod
fossils are contained; Spinomarginifera
kueiclwwensis HUANG, Stenoscisma humbletonensis (HOWSE) and Spiriferellina
cristata (SCHLOTHEIM) are the overwhelmingly dominant species. Taking all
the above observations into consideration, these limestone and sandstone
members may be assigned to the upper
part of the Lower Kanokura Series of632.

Permundaria from the Kitakami Mountains

the Southern Kitakami Mountains.

Permundaria tenuistriata n. sp.
PI. 43, figs. 1, 2a-b.

Types.-Two specimens are available
for study. The smaller one (holotype:
pI. 43, fig. 1; UHR 19700) is preserved asinternal mould of a pedicle valve; thelarger one (paratype: pI. 43, fig. 2a-b;Reg. no. UHR 19701) is represented by
the external mould of a brachial valve.
Each of them is only slightly deformed,
and the sculptures are somewhat worn
and rather ill-preserved.
The shellsurface of the paratype is covered byfusulinid casts (Monodiexodina matsllbaishi (FUJIMOTO)). These materials
were also collected along the same
tributary as seen in the case of P.
asiatica.
Description.-shell of moderate to large
in size, transversely subquadrate or semielliptical in outline; hinge-line straight,
equal or nearly equal to the greatest
width of the shell.
Pedicle valve slightly convex in lateral profile; umbonal region moderately
elevated, while lateral and anterior margin nearly flattened; beak small, scarcely projecting beyond hinge-line; ears
triangular, flattened, ambiguously demarcated from visceral disc and flanks;
cardinal area and median sulcus absent.
Brachial valve gently concave as awhole; umbonal region rather strongly
excavated; median fold absent.
On each valve, shell surface ornamentation composed of numerous, uniformly
developing concentric rugae; fine threadlike costellae rounded, interrupted byrugae, 17 to 20 in 5 mm at anterior margin, increased in number by means ofintercalation; rugae sharply imbricated,almost regularly and concentrically ar-317

ranged; spine bases not observed.
The dimensions are: Length, 30 mm,
width, 49 mm, in the holotype specimen;
length, 47 mm, width, 105 mm, in theparatype.
Remarks.-The two specimens now in
consideration are distinguished from thetype species by their transversely wider
shell outline, more numerous fine radialcostellae and more regularly arranged
concentric rugae.
Another Cambodian species, Perm undaria sisophonensis, differs from the present species in having semicircularshaped shell and more strongly elevatedumbonal region.
In 1927, CHAO proposed a new species
called Striatifera kansuensis for somegigantic Chinese specimens.
Thesematerials also possess concentric rugae
and numerous fine costellae. However,its enormously large shell and morestrongly convex pedicle valve are muchdifferent from those of the present
species.
Accordingly, the author wishes to propose a new species, Permundaria tenuistriata, for the two specimens describedabove from the Kitakami Mountains.
Occurrence.- Both materials were collected from the greenish brown finegrained sandstone member at almost
the same locality as that of the smaller
specimen of Permundaria asiatica.

References
CHAO, Y.T. (1927): Productidae of China,
Pt. 1, Producti. Palaeont. Sinica, ser. B,
vol. 5, fasc. 2, pp. 1-192, pis. 1-16.
DIE:-;ER, C. (1908): The Anthracolithic fossils of Kashmir and Spiti. Palaeont. Indica, ser. 15, vol. 1, pt. 2, pp. 1-95, pis.
1-8.
HA YASAKA, 1. (1922): Some Permian brachiopods from the Kitakami Mountains.

Jun-ichi TAZAWA

318

Japan. Jour. Geol. Geogr., vol. 1, no. 2,
pp. 51-70, pis. 9-11.
- - (1923): Some Permian fossils from the
Kitakami Mountains. Ibid. vol. 2, no. 4,
pp. 107-116, pI. 15.
- - (1925): On some brachiopods from the
Lyttonia horizon of the Kitakami Mountains. Ibid., vol. 4, no. 3-4, pp. 89-103,
pI. 5.
- - and MINA TO, M. (1956): Some brachiopods from the Lower Kanokura seriesof the Kitakami Mountains, Japan. Trans.
Proc. Palaeon!. Soc. Japan, N.S., no. 21,
pp. 141-147, pI. 23.
KAYSER, E. (1883): Oberkarbonische Fauna

Kamiyasse
Kesennuma
Budo-sawa
Katti-sawavon Lo-ping. in RICHTHOFEN, F. VON:
China, Bd. 4, pp. 160-208, pis. 19-29.
NAKAMURA, K., KATO, M. and CI-IOI, D.R.
(1970): On Permundaria, a new genusof the brachiopod family Linoproductidae_
Jour. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Univ., ser. 4, vol.
14, no. 3, pp. 293-299, pI. 2.
T AZAW A, J. (1973): Geology of the Kamiyasse area, southern Kitakami Mountains. Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol. 79,
no. 10, pp. 677-686 (in Japanese withEnglish abstract).
YABE, H. (1900): The brachiopoda Lyttonia
from Rikuzen Province. Ibid., vol. 7,
no. 79, pp. 1-4, 2 figs.

Sumita-cho
Nidano-sawa
Shigeji-sawa

J: ;\. itfi
:5[ {~Im

1lll'MiiR-if till iF!.

{± I:I~

IBJ;::. 3<' / iF!.

~lE&iR

Explanation of Plate 43
Figs. 1, 2a-b. Permundaria tenuistria!a n. sp.
1. Internal mould of pedicle valve, holotype, Reg. no. UHR 19700. 2a. External mouldof brachial valve, para type, Reg. no. UHR 19701. 2b. Enlarged portion of fig. 2a, showing numerous fine costellae and some concentric rugae, x 5.
Figs. 3a-b, 4. Permundaria asiatica NAKAMURA, KATO and CHOI
3a. Internal mould of Pedicle valve, Reg. no. UHR 19699. 3b. Enlarged portion of fig.
3a, showing rather thick, less-numbered costellae and some concentric rugae, x 5_
4. Internal mould of pedicle valve, Reg. no. UHR 19698.
All figures are natural size, otherwise stated.

T AZAWA: Permundaria from the Kitakami Mountains

2b

Plate 433b

Trans. Proc. Falaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 94, pp. 319-340, pis. 44-46, June 30, 1974

633. SOME PLANT MICROFOSSILS FROM THE MIOCENE
FUJIWARA GROUP, NARA, CENTRAL JAPAN*
KAZUMI MATSUOKA
Department of Geosciences, Osaka City University, Osaka 558

1;t~WUi.~}Jj{n111f.iJf~ft=e~ft:P 2:: 7 ~ ~ :!7 - :b1t:p: *~@:tIkJIH~if~Ir.5HnT 0 ~riflS~~*1t 0) iE~}Jj{~llf "/p t;, ~I±l ~ :/1,t.: ~ft=e~ft:p 2:: 7 ~ ~ :!7 - :b ft:p 14~ 19 fl1l (:5 t, 4 ~fl1l, Diphyes latiusculus, Hystrichokolpoma elliptica, H. denticulata, Tanyosphaerdium
fusiform) HCll\lG· 5J"m L.. t.:o .::.:/1,t;, O)IJlXft:PIiif.~}Jj{~llf.J:$O)¥'}'E13~Jfi 1r.~iJf L.., .:to)1lf.
• • ~~t;,2~~g5J"~:/1,oo -~~.E13~~r$~.~t;,~ .m.·.~.2::~~.H"Ccbo o -:1JfIij~~J:$"cI"i f!lUfl~ MllHr.tJ:!J, 'f..t.: flmf*.~ t~1Jn-f"oo 'f..t.:ficil\lG~:/1,t.:Areoligera senonensis, Diphyes colligerum (DEFLANDRE &"COOKSON) ~ Gonyaulacysta I~, Tanyosphaeridium ~, Schematophora ~I"i, ,::,:h'f.. ~:I - P ,:/ ... ~; ~l:;7.;( ~ -h,;:t-7-. ~ '7 ~ 7t1k~0)J:liISB!IIi*i!'t;,1t~:='jfdr.~illia"Jlr.l1g~t;,:fv·c~b; ~*Ji*1tJ:: !Jd.)tlltff

l"i, .::. ;f1i!;:I&*JJ"C cb 0 :5

0.

Introduction*l~l UJ •"if.

rophorum (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON),Operculodinium' centrocarpum (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON), Spiniferites sp. aff. S_
buccinus (DAVEY & WILLIAMS); S. mirabilis (ROSSIGNOL), S. ramo'sus (EHRENBERG), S. sp. a, Schematophora sp. cf. S.
speciosa, Tanyosphaeridium fusiform n.
sp., Tectatodinium sp.; Acritarcha-Cymatiosphaera sp., Leiosphaeridia spp.;
Chlorophyta-Pediastrum sp. cf. P. boryanum (TURPIN), Tasmanaceae.
The morphological affinities between
the so-called hystrichospheres and the,fossil dinoflagellates have been suggested by several micropalaeontologists.
For example, EVITT (1961) pointed out
those affinities in the view point of thearcheopyle.
Furthermore, he (1967)
classified the archeopyle of the fossil
dinoflagellates and hystrichospheres into
four principal archeopyle types based on
its morphology and position, that is,apical, intercalary, precingular and combination types.

In Japan, there have been only a few
studies of the plant microfossils such as
dinoflagellates and acritarchs (T AKAHASRI, 1964, 1971; TAKAHASHI & Y AO, 1969;
SHIMAKURA, NISHIDA & MATSUOKA,1971). The present paper deals withsome descriptions and considerations
about the species newly found from the
Miocene Fujiwara Group distributed
along the eastern margin of the N ara
Basin, Kinki district. Following speciesof the phyto-microplankton are identified; Dinoflagellata-Areoligera senonensis, Achomosphaera sp., Cannosphaeropsis
sp., Cordosphaeridium sp. cf. C. uncinispinosum, Diphyes colligerum (DEFLANDRE& COOKSON), D. latiusculus n. sp., Hystrichokolpoma elliptica n. sp., H. denticulata n. sp., H. rigaudae, Hystrichosphaeridium ? sp., Lingulodinium machae-* Received July 23, 1974: read June 27,
1971 at Nara.
319

Kazumi MATSUOKA320

W ALL and DALE (1968) carried out
some incubation experiments of the living dinoflagellates. One of their results
proves that Spiniferites bentori (ROSSIGNOL) (one of typical hystrichospheres)is the spore or cyst of Gonyaulax digitalis.
Thus the relationship between dinoflagellates and hystrichospheres is being
clarified since last decade, and a systematic classification of fossil dinoflagellates
and hystrichospheres is being regulated.

Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement for helpful advice
and critical reading of the manuscript
is due to Professor Emeritus Misaburo
SHIMAKURA and Dr. Shiro NISHIDA ofNara University of Education, who suggested this study. The author thanks
Professor Kiyoshi TAKAHASHI of Nagasaki University and Professor Kazuo
HUZIT A and Mr. Akira Y AO of Osaka
City University for their encouragements and critical reading of the manuscript.

Geological setting
In the eastern part of the N ara Basin,
the Neogene stratigraphical succession
has been established by SAKAMOTO (1955)
and SHIMAKURA et al. (1971) as follows
in descending order;
Rokuyaon Gravel Bed
Kokuzoyama Gravel Bed
Shirakawa-ike Formation
Jigokudani Group/
Toyoda Formation
Fujiwara Group _____........ Iwabuchi Formation
Ryoke Complex~
3S D N- ••• -.-.-•••••••••~ll"1 ~.,

f

Pacific...

~R. ~goce.~

Text-fig. 1. Index map of the present
studied area: K: Kyoto, 0: Osaka, Na:
Nara, Ng: Nagoya, S: the present studied
area.

The Ryoke Complex is mostly composed of injection gneiss and gneissic
granite, and is widely exposed on the
Yamato Highland.
The Fujiwara Group, unconformably
underlain by the Ryoke Complex, is divisible into two formations. The lower
one named the Iwabuchi Formation consists of basal conglomerate, sandstone.
granule conglomerate and mudstone
containing a small amount of molluscan
fossils. The upper one, the Toyoda
Formation, is composed of tuffaceous
fine- and coarse-grained sandstone, whitemedium-grained tuff and mudstone with
abundant macro- and microfossils. The
fossils reported from this formation are
diatoms, benthonic and planktonic foraminifers, molluscs, echinoids, crabs,
shark's teeth and fish scales. This
group is considered to belong to the early
to middle Miocene in age judging frommolluscan and benthonic foraminiferal
fossils (KONDA, in SHIMAKURA et al.,1971).
The Jigokudani Group lies on the
Fujiwara Group with slight clinounconformity. This lacustrine formation ischaracterized by plenty amount of rhy-

633.
"'..

N

1 NaraTTTT+T++T+++-I-f-1-+++-1--1-+-1-+++++++++++++++t'>l.N:I=-..I-,T0.... 2TofT+T
ofof ++ + + +~ • • 0 .~IiliiiiliB 3

R
g- -

-

4

+ ++ T + + ++ +++++++++T+T+~~~::~~::~!~~'~~1;~f~[1l=t~~.t+'+ ++++T++T++1;::::::;:

321

Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs

+t

r.tl

III

xc:

'1
III

.....

5
6

~ 7

~ 8

W

9

§

10

Obi toke11

Text-fig. 2. Geologic map of the Southern part of Nara City after SAKA~IOTO (1955) andSHIMAKURA et al. (1971) with slight modification. 1: Recent deposit, 2: Rokuyaon GravelBed, 3: Kokuzoyama Gravel Bed, 4: Shirakawa-ike Formation, 5: Jigokudani Group; Hachibuse Sandstone and Conglomerate Member, 6 and 7: Fujiwara Group; 6, Toyoda Formation, 7, Iwabuchi Formation, 8: Basement rocks; Ryoke Complex, 9: Sampling localities,
10: Fau.lts, 11: Pond.

olitic pyroclastic sediments in the middle part, and can be subdivided into
six members as follows in ascendingorder; the Hachibuse Sandstone al1 d
Conglomerate, Higashiyama Conglomerate, Onigatsuji Sandstone and Mudstone, Sekibutsu Tuff, Yadahara Conglomerate, and Nakanokawa Tuffaceous
Sandstone Members. The Hachibuse
and Onigatsuji Members yield abundant
macro- and microfossils of plants (KOKA w A, 1954; SHIMAKURA, 1963; SHIMAKURA et al., 1971). This group may
belong to late Miocene in age.

The Shirakawa-ike Formation consistsof gravel, sand and mud intercalated byseveral volcanic ash beds, and is characterized by abundant plant remains
belonging to the Metasequoia flora (KOKA w A, 1954). Therefore, this formationis correlatable with the lower part of
the Osaka Group.
The Kokuzoyama and the Ryuyaon
Gravel Beds seem to be terrace deposits,
although they are somewhat deformed.
They consist mainly of poorly sorted
cobbles derived from the Ryoke Complex. No fossils have been found from

Kazumi MATSUOKA:322

Loc. 1them. The former bed is more deeply-weathered than the latter bed and i3.partially rejdis'.1 in color.

r :::.:'.:':.:'.:':::::::.

I III ,.,' II11"11 •• ' ,:I ':IJ:I::llj:II::IIJ:IJ:li:l:
ll"
"ll
I"

I " , III.. '", ..
... " .. " .. , ... " ..

".

... "

~

/

"::::':':':':1i.::'.::::':':: 2 0....................
...................
....................
•••••• u•••••••••••:.:.:.:.:~::~~:.::.:.:.:.:.

1~~~;.~~;~

preparation method2............... .

Samples examined in the present·study were collected from two localities near the type locality of the Fujiwara Group at Fujiwara-eho in Nara
-City; namely six samples from Lo-cality 2 and twenty-seven samples from
Locality 1 (text-fig. 3).
These samples except for Nos. 1, 29, 31, 32 and 33-contained abundant plant microfossils.
The palynological preparation method
used for this study is generally based-on SHIMAKURA'S method (1963).
In·order to remove the colloidal particles,
water was added to the crushed rock·sample in a large breaker and was wellstirred. The sample was kept at a stablestate from six to twelve hours. Thenthe muddy water in the upper part of·the beaker was decanted. These oper.ations were carried out repeatedly for.about a week. And the smaller fraction-of the precipitates was used for the
analysis. The material was treated withthe mixed solution of nitric and hydro<chloric acids (HNO a : Hel: H20=1: 1: 1),.and then with 10 per cent potassiumhydroxide solution. Furthermore, the.30 per cent hydrofluoric acid was usedin purpose to dissolve the fine mineral~rains. When a number of plant fragments were found, the ERDTMAN's acetolysis method was adopted to take off-them. The plant microfossils -obtained
were stained with Safranin or Gentian
violet. They were mounted in glycerine
jelly on slide and sealed with nail en.:a me!.
The specimens described in this paper34:::::::: .:::::'.:'.

....................
...................

5............... .

:'::::::::::::::::.'.

6............... .

7............... .

Sample localities and21-----0-------'::':'::;::iiL:':'::'::: 22~~~!;~~; ~~..

7!tfj:·:::·::.~: 25::::::::::::::::.
.................
':.:'::::.:.:':.:':: 26:':?J!:::~::'::~:'.
.................. . 27...................

Loc. 2..................

• • • ••• . . . . _

..n

....

9 .:.:.:.:.:.::.:~:.:.:.:.:.::.::
10 ::.:;.::.:.:.•:.:::.?::::
11 :.:::::.::!::.::::.:::
12 .::::.::.:.:.::. . :.:::;
13::4f!X~:::ijjf;;

i~ ...................
:~~:::~;~~..................
---------:'::':':::'::;i.:-:':'::':':': 28....................
.................
..................
........... __ ....
...................
...................
...................

....................

:·::·:::·::lft:::::·::·; 29...................
...................

..................

...................

:~L{~Ejj 30-----------====~===------------------------------------

31------

16----------------

11m.

-

1

a

4

l2J 2

----------------~ 3........

17 ............... .
-----------

18

7:7:~1!~~I~~:...................................

32- -. 5~fi'l'@i 633.... 7m[!J 8
Text-fig. 3. Columnar sections of the Toyoda Formation at Localities 1 and 2 at Fujiwara·cho in Nara City. 1: Shirakawa-ike
Formation composed of sand, mud and gravel, 2-6: Toyoda Formation, 2: White medium
grained sandstone, 3: Tuffaceous fine-grained
to silty sandstone, 4: Medium·grained sandstone, 5: Siltstone, 6: Calcareous nodules, 7:
Iwabuchi Formation composed of granule conglomera te, 8: Positions of samples collected.

633.

Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs

are deposited in the Department of Geosciences, Osaka City University.

Comments on plant microfossils
As seen in Table 1, Areoligera sen onensis, Cordosphaeridium sp. cf. C. uncinispinosum, Lingulodinium machaerophorum (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON), Spiniferites sp. aff. S. buccinus (DAVEY & WILLIAMS), S. ramosus (EHRENBERG), andOperculodinium centrocarpum (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON) are common or abundant in Locality 1. Diphyes colligerum(DEFLANDRE & COOKSON), D. latiusculus
n. sp., Hystrichokolpoma elliptica n. sp.,
H. denticulata n. sp., H. rigaudae, Tanyosphaeridium fusiform n. sp., Cannosphaeropsis sp., and Gonyaulacysta spp. area few or rare. From Locality 2, only
Cordosphaeridium sp. ct. C. uncinispinosum, Diphyes colligerum (DEFLANDRE &COOKSON), Operculodinium centrocarpu71l(DEFLANDRE & COOKSON), Spiniferites sp.
aff. S. buccinus (DAVEY & WILLIAMS),
and S. ramosus (EHRENBERG) are rarely
found.
T AI (1957) and KONDA (in SHIMAKURA
et al., 1971), who studied the fossil benthonic foraminifers in the Toyoda Formation of the Fujiwara Group, recognized two benthonic foraminiferal faunules. According to KONDA, the lower
assemblage, the Lenticulina assemblage,
consists of only a few species and specimens, which are poor in preservation.
The upper assemblage, the LenticulinaCibicides-Uvigerina assemblage, is characterized by many species and specimensof both planktonic and benthonic foraminifers. As mentioned above, the dinoflagellates and acritarchs from the upper
part of the Toyoda Formation whichmostly includes Locality 1 are very
abundant in number of species and spe-323

cimens. On the other hand. the lower
part mostly including Locality 2 contains
only poor assemblage. Accordingly, thetendency of the number of species andthe Occurrence of individuals in bothdinoflagellates and acritarchs is similar
to that of foraminiferal assemblages
each other.
Areoligera senonensis and Diphyes colligerum (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON) havebeen commonly found from the Upper
Cretaceous to Palaeogene strata in Europe, Australia and North America. Also,
the genera of Gonyaulacysta, Tanyosphaeridium and Schematophora have been
known from late Cretaceous to Palaeogene (SAR]EANT, 1967a, b). On the other
hand, Lingulodinium machaerophorum(DEFLANDRE & COOKSON) and Operculodinium centrocarpum (DEFLANDRE &COOKSON) are common species from the
Miocene to Recent sediments. As mentioned above. the geological age of the
Fujiwara Group is considered to be early
to middle Miocene based on benthonicforaminiferal and molluscan fossils.
Therefore, the stratigraphical ranges of
Areoligera senonensis, Diphyes colligerum(DEFLANDRE & COOKSON) and of thegenera of Gonyaulacysta, Tanyosphaeridium and Schematophora seem to be extended to early to middle Miocene.

Systematic description
Recently, the classification of fossil
dinoflagellate cysts including the hystrichospheres becomes to be confused withincrease of reports concerning the life
cycle of the living, motile and thecate
dinoflagellates (EVITT & DAVIDSON, 1964
and WALL & DALE, 1968). For example,
W ALL and DALE (1968) reported the result of single cell incubation of Gonyaulax spinifera (CLAPAREDE & LACH-

eN
l'>:)

"""
Table 1.

Occurrence o[ some dinoflagellates, acritarchs and chlorophytes from the Toyoda Formation.
Locall.tl.es

Species~amples

Dinoflagellata
Achomosphaera sp.

2 3

4

5 6

7 8

Loc. 2ILoc.
9 10 11121314 151617181920 21 22 2324 252627 2830

+ ++ + + + + -It+ +++ ++ +*++ + ++ + + + + * + + +
+ +
+

*

Areo1igera senonensis
Cannosphaeropsis sp.
Cordosphaeridium sp.
ef. C. uncinispinosum
Diphyes co11igerum
Diphyes 1atiuscu1us n. sp.
Hystrichoko1poma e11iptica n. sp.
Hystrichoko1poma denticu1ata n. sp.
fiystrichoko1poma rigaudae
Lingu10dinium machaerophorum
Opercu1odinium centrocarpum
Schematophora sp. ef. S. speciosa
Spiniferites sp. aff. S. buccinus
Spiniferites mirabi1is
Spiniterites ramosus
Spiniferites sp. a
Tanyosphaeridium fusiform n. sp.
Gonyau1acysta spp.
Spiniferites spp.

+- + +*+ + + ++ ++++*+++

+

+ +
+
+

+

+

-+ +

+ +
+

+

+

-If+-

-II-

+

+ + +
*****++++++++++++++++***+++ +++*+++++++*++++*+*+++++*+

+

+

++

*+++***iltitlt + +++*++++**** +
+ +
++

+

+

*

Chlorophyta

*

~

.".

-+
+
+
+
+ -+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++Cymatiosphaera sp.
Leiosphaeridia spp.

+ Rare

~

-+

*

+
**
A few

+

*+

+
+++++++++++++-- - - -itt

Common---tttt Abundant

11+

+

~

...,

*"

+
+ + + + +
+ + +
+ +

Acritarcha

Pediastrum sp. ef. P. boryanum
Tasmanaceae

+

+

~'-l
U:l

c:::
a

~

633.

Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs

MANN), i. e. one of living, motile andthecate species. This living species
produces three types of the cyst or spore
belonging to three genera in palaeontological sense such as Nematosphaeropsis
balcombiana, Spiniferites mirabilis (ROSSIGNOL) and Tectatodinium pellitum.
Therefore, on the classification of thefossil dinoflagellate cysts, several opinions have been published.
In this paper, the author follows to
SARJEANT and DOWNIE'S classification(1966) and uses the terminology proposedby EVITT (1961, 1967) and DOWNIE andSARJEANT (in DAVEY et al., 1966).

Class Dinophyceae P ASCHER, 1914
Subclass Dinoferopfycidas BERGH
Cyst-Family Gonyaulacystaceae
SARJEANT & DOWNIE, 1966
Genus Conyaulacysta DEFLANDRE
emend. SARJEANT, 1969

Conyaulacysta sp. a

325

in shape, and its length and width arenearly equivalent to those of plate 1/1/.
The sulcal region is narrow in its anterior portion. The cingulum appears
to have six plates and each cingularplate is surrounded by relatively highmembraneous crests. It is of moderate
breadth and forms a feebly laevorotatory spiral, and its two ends scarcely
differ in antero-posterior positions. The
archeopyle formed by loss of plate 3/1
is a large precingular type.
Dimensions:- Diameter of central body
85p. X 75p., width of cingulum ca. 7p..
Remarks :-Only one specimen obtained from the Toyoda Formation is characterized in having no apical and antapical horns. Hitherto, five species ofConyaulacysta without apical and antapical horns are known; namely C. a11lbigua, C. aceras, C. amabilis, C. corginera
and C. porosa (in EISENACK, 1964). Amongthem C. amabilis is similar to the present
species in shape, but differs in diameterof the central body; the former is ca.
38p.x32p..
SPecimen slide :-KM-1234 (20.7/2.4).*

PI. 46, fig. 8.

Description :-The present specimensof Conyaulacysta have a conical epitract
and a hemispherical hypotract with microgranular surface. There are no apical and antapical horns. Conceivabletabulation is 4/, 6/1, 6g, 6/11 (?), Ip and1/1/1. The boundaries of each plate bearmicrogranularmembraneous crests.
Among four apical plates, plate 3' issmaller than the others. All of precingular plates except for plate 1/1 become
relatively long in longitudinal direction.
The hypotract has six postcingularplates, one posterior intercalarY plate andone antapical plate. Plates 5/11 and 6/11
are longer in length than in width.
Posterior intercalary plate is ..quadrate

Cyst-Family Hystrichosphaeraceae
O. WETZEL 1933 emend. SARJEANT& DOWNIE, 1966
Genus Spiniferites MANTELL, 1850

Spiniferites sp. aff. S. buccinus(DAVEY & WILLIAMS, 1966)
PI. 45, figs. 1, 2.
Aff. 1966. Hystrichosphaera buccina DAVEY &Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.)
Geol. Suppl. 3, p. 42-43, pI. 4, fig. 1,
text-figs. 10, 11.

WILLIAMS;

Description:- The present specimens
are ovoid on lateral view, and subsph-* Position of the specimen on slide.

:326

Kazumi MATSUOKA·erical on apical and antapical views. Its
central body is delicately reticulate andthe surface of processes is fine reticulate
with irregularly shaped perforation invarious size. There are two sorts ofprocesses; one is gonal and triangularin optical section and the other is sutural and taeniate. Distally these pro-cesses are mostly foliate or digitate,tapering to subconical in shape andshort fibriform or bifurcate. Gonal pro-cess are usually connected by well developed membrane at the bases. The
tabulation is 3', 6/1, 6g, 5/1', 1p, 1pv and1/1/1. The sixth precingular plate is reduced, but its existence is indicated by
the shape of plate 5/1 and of the longitudinal fullow. The plates of the cingulum are not clear, but in well preserved
specimens, these plates are elongate andhexagonal in shape expanding to the-equatorial direction. Sometimes in thelongitudinal fullow, plate 1pv is distinctively observed. The archeopyle is a
precingular type formed by loss of plate
3/1 and occasionally reduced.
Dimensions :- Diameter of central body
79p.-63p., length of processes 25p.-35p.,
diameter of archeopyle 18p.-30p..
Remarks:- The present specimens of
Spiniferites resemble to S. buccinus{DAVEY & WILLIAMS) in the shape ofthe central body, but differ from thelatter species in characters of distal
parts and of stalks, and the tabulation.
In S. sp. aft. S. buccinus (DAVEY & WILLIAMS) one posterior intercalary plate isalways observed on ventral side, but S.
.buccinus (DAVEY & WILLIAMS) does nothave this plate. Also, S. sp. aft. S. bucc.inus (DAVEY & WILLIAMS) is larger
than S. buccinus (DAVEY & WILLIAMS)
in the diameter of the central body.
SPecimen slides :- KM -5123 (9.0/12.6)
and KM-5124 (23.3/0.7).

Spiniferites mirabilis (ROSSIGNOL)
PI. 45, fig. 3.
1962. Hystrichosphaera mirabilis ROSSIG],;OL;
Pollen et Spores, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 132.
1967. Hystrichosphaera mirabilis ROSSIGNOL,
WALL; Palaeontology, vol. 10, pt. 1, p.
101, pI. 14, figs. 5, 6, text-fig. 2.
1968. Hystrichosphaera mirabilis ROSSIGNOL,
WALL & DALE; Micropaleontology, vol.
14, no. 3, p. 270, pI. 10, text-fig. 4.

Description:- The present specimensof Spiniferites have a subsphaerical central body, of which surface is microgranular, and are characterized by welldeveloped tapering hollow process corresponded to the antapical plate. This
process is elliptical in optical section
and is covered with micro-grains. The
other processes are formed from thinouter wall, densely set along the suturesand distally bifurcate or trifurcate with
two or three branched tips. Its tabulation appears to be 4', 61/, 6g(?), 6/1', 1pv(?) and 1/1/1. The archeopyle is precingular type formed by loss of plate 3/1.
Dimensions :- Diameter of central body
43p.-46p., length of processes 10p.-15p.,
diameter of archeopyle ca. 18p.-22p..
Remarks :-Spiniferites mirabilis (RosSIGNOL) described by WALL (1967) isslightly larger than the present specimens. This species is common in the
Pleistocene sediments from the Caribbean Sea (WALL, 1967). This hystrichosphere is the cyst or spore of living,
motile and thecate species Gonyaulax
spinifera as shown by WALL and DALE
(1968).
SPecimen slide :-KM-5033 (18.1/4.8).
Spiniferites ramosus (EHRENBERG)
MANTELL, 1850
PI. 45, fig. 4.

633.

Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs

J.955. Hystrichosphaera ramosa (EHR.) O.
WETZEL, 1933; DEFLANDRE & COOK.
SON; Allst. J. Mar. Freshw. Res., vol.
6, no. 2, p. 263-264, pI. 2, fig. I, pI. 5,
fig. 6, pI. 6, fig. 1.
:1959. Hystrichosphaera ramosa (EHR.) O.
WETZEL, MAIER; N. Jb. Geol. Paliiont.,
Abh., vol. 107, no. 3, p. 301-302, pI. 28,
fig. 5.
:1963. Hystrichosphaera ramosa (EHR.) O.
WETZEL, BROSIUS; Z. dts. geol. Ges.,
vol. 114, p. 49, pI. 3, fig. 5.
1964. Hystrichosphaera ramosa (EHR.) O.
WETZEL, MORGENROTH; Palaeontographica, Abt. B, vol. 119, no. I, p. 14,
pI. 7, figs. 5, 6.
1964. Hystrichosphaera furcata (EHR.) O.
WETZEL, 1933; COOKSON & HUGHE~;
Palaeontology, vol. 7, pt. I, p. 45, pI.
9, figs. I, 2.
-1966. Hystrichosphaera ramosa (EHR.) emend.
DAVEY & WILLIAMS; Bull. Brit. Mus.
(Nat. Hist.) Geol. Suppl. 3, p. 32, pi 1,
figs. I, 6, text-fig. 8.
1967. Hystrichosphaera ramosa (EHR.) DAVEY& WILLIAMS, GOCHT; Palaeontographica, Abt. B, vol. 126, no. I, p. 3031, pI. 4, figs. 10, 11, text-fig. 21.
-1970. Spiniferites ramosus (EHR.) MANTELL,
1850; WALL & DALE; Micropaleontology, vol. 16, no. I, p. 49-52, pI. I,
figs. 1-5, text-figs. 1-9.
1971. Spiniferites ramosus (EHR.) MANTELL,TAKAHASHI; Trans.
Proc. Palaeont.
Soc. Japan, N. S. no. 81, p. 16-17, pI.
2, figs. 1-3.

Description:- The present specimens·of Spiniferites have a subsphaerical to
ovoid central body with fine reticulate
surface. Processes are gonal, solid and-bifurcate or trifurcate occasionally withbifid branches. Conceivable tabulation
is 4',6/1, 6g, 5'/1, 1p and 1/1/1. On dorsal:side, a precingular archeopyle corresponded to plate 3/1 is observed.
Dimensions :- Diameter of central body
-30,u-50,u, length of processes 10,u-15,u.
Remarks :-As a results re-investiga-

327

tion of Spiniferites ramosus (EHRENBERG)
and S. furcatus (EHRENBERG), DAVEY
and WILLIAMS (DAVEY et al., 1966) concluded that S. furcatus (EHRENBERG) isa synonym of S. ramosus (EHRENBERG),
and S. ramosus (EHRENBERG) is classified
in many varieties based on the natureof processes and central bodies. This
species differs from the species designated as S. sp. aff. S. buccinus (DAVEY& WILLIAMS) in this paper in having
only gonal processes and reticulate
surface of the central body.
Specimen slide :-KM-5124 (4.3/4.3).

Spiniferites sp. a
PI. 45, fig. 7.

Description:-The present specimensof Spiniferites have a subpentagonal to
ovoid central body with delicately reticulate or smooth body surface, and moderate thick wall ca. 2,u. Processes aremuch reduced and occasionally form
small pads or sclerotes at the cornersof plates. These processes have fine reticulate or smooth stalk surface and are
distally digitate or bifurcate. Intergonal
processes are not observed or very rare.
Its tabulation may be 3-4', 6/1, 6g, 6'/1,
1p and 1/1/1. The sixth precingularplate is subtriangular in shape. The
cingular plates are not distinctive, but
in well preserved specimens, the shapesof them are elongated. On dorsal side,
there is a precingular archeopyle formedby loss of plate 3/1.
Dimensions:- Diameter of central body70,u-78,u, length of reduced processes ca.
10,u.
Remarks:-The present specimens
have characteristically much reduced
processes, but distal parts of these processes are similar to those of abovementioned Spiniferites sp. aff. S. buccinus

Kazumi MATSUOKA

328(DAVEY & WILLIAMS). In Spiniferites
nodosa described by WALL (1967) fromdeep sea cores of the Caribbean Sea,
its processes are also much reduced as
seen in the present specimens. The latter species, however, is different fromthe former in having slender stalks ofprocesses.
SPecimen slide:- KM -5043 (3.6/4.2).
Genus Achomosphaera EVITT, 1963
Achomosphaera sp.
PI. 45, fig. 6.

Description:- The present specimensof Achomosphaera have a subsphericalto ellipsoidal central body with smoothor microgranular surface. Processes are
solid and bifurcate or trifurcate as thoseof Spiniferites ramosus (EHRENBERG). At
the bases, processes are semicircular in
optical section. The archeopyle may be
a precingular type. Its tabulation is notdeterminable.
Dimensions :-Diameter of central body42,u-52,u, length of processes 12,u-20,u.
Remarks:- The present specimens of
Achomosphaera are similar to Spiniferites ramosus (EHRENBERG) in the natureof processes, but distinguished from thelatter species by poorly developed sutural ridges or septa.
Specimen slide :-KM-1163 (3.3/5.3).

Cyst- Family Hystrichosphaeridiaceae
EVITT, 1963 emend. SARJEANT& DOWNIE, 1966
Genus Cordosphaeridium EISENACK, 1963
emend. DAVEY & WILLIAMS, 1966
Cordosphaeridium sp. d. C. uncinispinosum DE CONINK, 1967
PI. 45, fig. 12.

Cordosphaeridium uncinispinosum
1967; GRUAS-GAVAGNETTO;
Rev. MicropaLeontologie, vol. 13, no. 2,
p. 70, pI. 1, fig. 13.

Cf. 1970.
DE

CO:-lI!':K,

Description:- The present specimensof Cordosphaeridium have a subspherical to elongate central body with microgranular surface. Processes have relatively slender and smooth stalks with
furcate or simple tips. Its archeopyle
appears to be an apical type with several accessory archeopyle sutures. These
specimens posses intratabular processes,
so the tabulation is not determinable.
The cingular region is indicated by theparallel arrangement of slender processes.
Dimensions :- Diameter of central body38,u-68,u, length of processes 16,u-25,u,width of cingUlum ca. 7,u.
Remarks:- The present specimens resemble to Cordosphaeridium uncinispinosum in the nature of processes. But
the archeopyle of the latter species is
not distinctive in the specimen figured
by GRUAS-GAVAGNETTO (1970).
SPecimen slide :-KM-5032 (1.3/6.1).

Genus Diphyes COOKSON, 1965 emend.
DAVEY & WILLIAMS, 1966
Diphyes colligerum (DEFLANDRE &COOKSON, 1955) emend. DAVEY& WILLIAMS, 1966
PI. 44, fig. 7.

1955. Hystrichosphaeridium colligerum DEFLANDRE & COOKSON;
Aust. ]. Mar.
Freshw. Res., vol. 6, no. 2, p. 278, pI.
7, fig. 3.
1965. Hystrichosphaeridium colligerum DEFLANDRE &COOKSON, STANLEY; BUll.
Amer. Paleont., vol. 49, no. 222, p. 231,
pI. 24, figs. 7, 8.
1966. Diphyes colligerum (DEFLANDRE &.COOKSON) DAVEY & WILLIAMS; Bull.

633. Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs
Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Ceol. Suppl. 3,
p. 96, pI. 4, figs. 2, 3.

Description:- The present specimens-of Diphyes have a ovoid to subspherical-central body with fine reticulate or mi·crogranular surface. Processes are form·ed from outer wall and of two types.
The single large process which is hollow·cylindro-conical and occasionally closed.distally marks a position of the ant.apical plate. A number of slender pro·cesses are commonly slightly curved,
sometimes bifid, and open or closed dis·tally. Total number of these processes·exceeds fifty.
Dimensions:- Diameter of central body35,u-45,u, length of large ant apical processes 25,u-32,u, width of those processes
12,u-18,u, length of slender processes 12,u
-20,u.
Remarks :-Diphyes colligerum (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON) is known fromthe lower Eocene Princeton Member of
Dilwyn Clay in Australia (DEFLANDRE& COOKSON, 1955), the Eocene London
Clay in England (DAVEY & WILLIAMS,
1966) and the Paleocene Fort Union For·mation in North America (STANLEY,1965). Hystrichosphaeridium colligerum
shown by MORGENROTH (1966) is differentiated from the present species inhaving its ovoid antapical process andhemispherical outline of its central bodyin optical section.
Specimen slide:- KM-021 (22.4/4.6).

Diphyes latiusculus MATSUOKA, n. sp.
PI. 44, fig. 6.

Diagnosis :-Ovoid to elongate centralwith thin, microgranular surface
and microgranular surface of the large.antapical process. Processes formed
from outer wall and of two types. One

~body

329

single broad antapical process, and slender, bifid or oblate processes. Total
number of processes exceeding fifty.
Holotype :-Specimen slide KM-1162(16.3/8.4), sample No.6, Toyoda Formation, Fujiwara Group, early to middle
Miocene, Fujiwara-cho, Nara City, Nara
Prefecture. PI. 44, fig. 6a, 6b.
Para type :-Specimen slide KM-1132(23.4/5.6), sample No.5, Toyoda Formation, Fujiwara Group, early to middle
Miocene, Fujiwara-cho,' Nara City, Nara
Prefecture.
Dimensions:- Holotype : Diameter ofcentral body 45,u X 52,u, length of antapical process 22,u, width of this process 14,u, length of slender processes 12,u
-22,u, diameter of archeopyle ca. 33,u.
Ranging dimensions: Diameter of central body 40,u-56,ux30,u-55,u, length ofantapical processes 22,u-28,u, width ofthese processes 13,u-18,u, length of slender processes 12,u-22,u, diameter ofarcheopyle 25,u-40,u.
Description;- The present specimensof Diphyes have a characteristic apicalarcheopyle and single large ant apical
process. The ant apical process is hollow, cylindro-subconical and open distally. The tips of the antapical process
are irregularly denticulate or fibroid.
The slender processes are commonly
single, sometimes connect with adjacentones at the base. They are ordinarily
bifid, sometimes oblate and closed distally, and the both types do not connected with interior of the central cavity. The parallel arrangement of theseslender processes indicates the cingularand sulcal regions.
Remarks:- The present species differsfrom Diphyes colligerum (DEFLANDRE &COOKSON) in the shape of the central
body and the distal parts of the slender
processes.

Kazumi MATSUOKA

330

Genus Hystrichokolpoma KLUMPP, 1953
emend. WILLIAMS & DOWNIE, 1966
Hystrichokolpoma elliptica
MATSUOKA, n. sp.
PI. 44, fig. 2.

Diagnosis:- Ellipsoidal central bodywith granular surface, continual beneathprocesses and thin microgranular outerwall. Processes formed from outer walland of two types: large ones with trapezoid bases, infundibular to buccinate
with slightly denticulate open end, andsmall slender processes with furcate orbifid diftal parts. Tabulation ref rectedby these processes and shape of small
archeopyle typical for this genus; 4',6/1,
6g, 5/1', 1p and 1/1/1. Small apical archeopyle with several archeopyle suturesand sulcal notch.
Holotype :-Specimen slide KM-022(18.6/7.2), sample No. 27, Toyoda Formation, Fujiwara Group, early to middle Miocene, Fujiwara-cho, Nara City,
Nara Prefecture. PI. 44, fig. 2a, 2b.
Para typ e :-Specimen slide KM-022(19.5/12.7), sample No. 27, Toyoda Formation, Fujiwara Group, early to middle Miocene, Fujiwara-cho, Nara City,
N ara Prefecture.
Dimensions:- Holotype : Diameter ofcentral body 42,1.1 X 50,1.1, length of large
processes 16,1.1-26,1.1, width of these processes 10,1.1-15,1.1, length of small slender
processes 10,1.1-14,1.1, diameter of archeopyle 11,1.1 X 14,1.1. Ranging dimensions:diameter of central body 42,1.1-40,1.1 X 50,1.148,1.1, length of large processes 16,1.1-26,1.1,
width of these processes 8,1.1-15,1.1, lengthof small slender processes 10,1.1-14,1.1, diameter of archeopyle ca. 20,1.1.
Description :-The present specimensof Hystrichokolpoma elliptica n. sp. arecharacterized by infundibular to buccinate large hollow processes and ell ips-

oidal central body with granular surf ace. Distal ends of large processes.
are slightly denticulate and somewhat
recurved. The plate 6/1 is smaller thanthe other precingular processes. The
posterior intercalary process is also·
small, incompletely hollow and distallybifid, and occupies a position between
plates 1/1' and 1/1/1. The original sulcal
and cingular regions are reflected bysmall slender processes which are distally furcate or bifid. The cingularregion has about twelve small slender
processes and the sulcal region hasabout six small ones. Its small apicalarcheopyle is polygonal with a sulcal.
notch.
Remar!?s:-This species is similar t(}
Hystrichokolpoma denticulata n. sp. inhaving slightly denticulate distal margin of large hollow processes, but different from the latter in the shape oflarge hollow ones. Also, this species isdistinguished from the other species of
Hystrichokolpoma in having infundibular
to buccinate large hollow processes,
characteristic ellipsoidal central bodyand small polygonal apical archeopyle_
Hystrichokolpoma denticulata
MATSUOKA n. sp.
PI. 44, figs. 3-5.

Diagnosis:- Hemispherical central
body with thin wall of granular surface,
and thin smooth outer wall. Processes.
formed from outer wall and of tW(}
types; large ones with quadrate bases,
cylindrical to tubiform with slightly
denticulate open end, and small slender
processes with slightly bifid distal parts.
Tabulation reflected by these processes.
and shape of archeopyle typical for thisgenus; 4',6/1, 6g, 5/1', 1p and 1/1/1. Eachcingular plate indicated by two adjacent633. Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs
slender processes combined at basal
parts.
Holotype :-Specimen slide KM -045
(13.8/1.5); sample No. 27, Toyoda Formation, Fujiwara Group, early to middle Miocene, Fujiwara-cho, N ara City,
Nara Prefecture. PI. 44, fig. 3a, 3b.
Para type :-Specimen slide KM-023(13.0/4.9) and KM-045 (3.1/13.9), sample
No. 27, Toyoda Formation, Fujiwara
Group, early to middle Miocene, Fujiwara-cho, Nara City, Nara Prefecture.
PI. 44, figs. 4a, 4b, 5.
Dimensions:-Holotype: Diameter ofcentral body 38p X 42p, length of large
processes 14p-21p, width of these processes 8p-12p, length of small slender
processes IIp-17 p, diameter of archeopyle ca. 20p. Ranging dimensions: Diameter of central body 40p-50p X 42p-60p,
length of large processes 16p-22p,
width of these processes 8p-12p, lengthof small slender processes IIp-17 p, diameter of archeopyle 20p-30p.
Description:-Hystrichokolpoma denticulata n. sp. is characterized by cylindrical to tubiform large hollow processes
with quadrate to trapezoid bases andhaving a large apical archeopyle. Distal
parts of large processes are slightly
denticulate. The original apical, precingular, postcingular, posterior intercalary and antapical plates are reflectedby these large processes. The firstposterior intercalary plate has a small
cylindrical to tubiform process, and occupies a position between plates 1'" and1"". The original cingular region isindicated by small slender bifid processes. Adjacent two of these slender
processes are always connected at thebases. There are about six sulcal processes with distally open or bifid, which
occupy a position between plates 1'" and5"'. Its large apical archeopyle has azig-zag margin and may be formed by331

loss of four apical plates.
Remarks :-The present species is differentiated from Hystrichokolpoma poculum, H. rigaudae, H. unispinum andH. elliptica in having cylindrical to tub iform large hollw processes with quadrate to trapezoid bases, slightly denticulate distal margin of them and a
two connected slender processes in the
cingular region.

Hystrichokolpoma rigaudae DEFLANDRE& COOKSON, 1955.
PI. 44, fig. 1.

1955. Hystrichokolpoma rigaudae DEFLANDRE& COOKSON; Aust. ]. Mar. Freshw_
Res., vol. 6, no. 2, p. 279-281, pI. 6,
figs. 6, 10, text-fig. 42.
1959. Hystrichokolpoma rigaudae DEFL. &COOK., MAIER; N. ]b. Geol. Paliiont.,
Abh., vol. 107, no. 3, p. 311, pI. 31.
fig. 2.
1961. Hystrichokolpoma rigaudae DEFL. &COOK., GERLACH: N. ]b. Geol. Paliiont.,
Abh., vol. 112, no. 2, p. 183, pI. 27,
figs. 7, 8.
1962. Hystrichokolpoma rigaudae DEFL. &COOK., ROSSIGNOL; Pollen et Spores,
vol. 4, no. 1, p. 134, pI. 2, fig. 7.
1963. Hystrichokolpoma rigaudae DEFL. &COOK., BROSIUS; Z. dts. geol. Ges., voL
114, p. 43, pI. 2, fig. 6.
1966. Hystrichokolpoma rigaudae DEFL. &COOK., WILLIAMS & DOWNIE; BulL
Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Geol. Sup I. 3,
p. 180, pI. 17, fig. 4.

Description:-Hystrichokolpoma rigaudae from the Fujiwara Group possesses.
tubiform to buccinate large hollow
processes with secate to slightly recurved distal parts. A central bodywith granular surface is ellipsoidal toovium. The antapical process is thelargest among the other hollow processes, and characteristic pen point-like inKazumi MATSUOKA

232

shape with open distal end. All of thepresent specimens have been lost apicalplates, but the apical archeopyle withseveral accessory archeopyle suturesindicates that these specimens might
have four apical plates. Therefore, its
tabulation maY be typical for the present genus; 4', 6", 6g, 5"', 1p and 1"".
Dimensions:-Diameter of central body40,u-48,u X 38,u-56,u, length of large hollow
processes 18,u-36,u, width of these processes 12,u-18,u, length of small slender
processes 10,u-18,u, diameter of archeopyle 46,u-54,u.
Remarks: -The occurrence of thepresent species of Hystrichokolpoma has
been reported from several areas; theEocene London Clay in England (WILLIAMS & DOWNIE, in Davey et aI., 1966)
the Eocene and Miocene (or older) in
Australia (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON, 1955),
the middle Oligocene to middle Miocene
in Germany (GERLACH, 1961 and BROSIUS,
1963) and the Pleistocene marine sediments in Israel (ROSSIGNOL, 1962).
Specimen slide :-KM-023 (18.1/3.9).

tion, and are partly connected with adjacent processes by sutures. Its archeopyle is an apical type with several
accessory archeopyle sutures.
The
number of processes is about thirty.
Dimensions:-Diameter of central body44,u-56,u, length of very short processes
ca. 2,u, length of furcate processes 10,u18,u, diameter of archeopyle ca. 40,u.
Remarks:-According to DAVEY and
WILLIAMS (in DAVEY et al., 1966), thegenus Hystrichosphaeridium has charactristic hollow processes and an apicalarcheopyle. The present specimens havesolid furcate processes, so they may bebelonged to the genus Achomosphaera
judging from the solid and furcate
processes. But these specimens differ
from the genus Achomosphaera in having an apical arch eo pyle.
SPecimen slide:-KM-1233 (14.0/9.8)

Genus Tanyosphaeridium DAVEY& WILLIAMS, 1966.
Tanyosphaeridium fusiform
MATSUOKA n. sp.

Genus Hystrichosphaeridiwn
DEFLANDRE, 1937 emend.
EVITT, 1963 emend. DAVEY &WILLIAMS, 1966.
Hystrichosphaeridium ? sp.
PI. 45, fig. 5.

Description:-The present specimens
have a spherical to ovoid central bodyornamented with two kinds of processes
and moderate thick wall without polarstructures. There are very short spinesand mostly asymmetrically bifurcate,but sometimes trifurcate processes withbifid or acuminate tips. The bases of
furcate processes are occasionally semi.circular or subtriangular in optical sec-

PI. 46, figs. 4, 9, 10.

Diagnosis: - Very elongate central
body with irregularly reticulate innerwall surface. Processes tubiform, open
distal parts with aculeate or orthogonal
margin, and similar length. The numberof processes about fifteen. Conceivabletabulation 3', 6", ?g, 6'" and 2-3"".
Holotype :-Specimen slide KM-045(5.0/17.7), sample No. 27, Toyoda Formation, Fujiwara Group, early to middle
Miocene. Fujiwara-cho, Nara City, Nara
Prefecture. PI. 46, fig. 4.
Para types :-Specimen slide KM-045(23.1/1.0) and KM-023 (10.3/3.5), sample
No. 27, Toyoda Formation, Fujiwara
Group, early to middle Miocene, Fuji-633. Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs
wara-cho, Nara City, Nara Prefecture.
PI. 46, figs. 9, 10.
Dimensions:-Holotype: Length ofcentral body 50,u, width of central body
24,u, length of processes 14,u-16,u, diameter of archeopyle ca. 20,u. Ranging
dimensions: Length of central body48,u-60,u, width of central body 25,u-30,u,length of processes 12,u-24,u, diameterof archeopyle ca. 20,u-26,u.
Description:-The present specimens
have a very elongate central body withirregularly reticulate inner wall surface.
Processes are composed of thin smoothouter wall and have broad bases andtaper tips. The processes are distallyaculeate or orthogonal with irregularly
long tips. The bases of these processes
are quadrate, but always not clear. The
number of these processes is about fifteen. In the specimens attached theoperculum, three hollow and tubiform
processes are observed in the apicalarea. The six processes corresponding
to each precingular plates are aroundthe apical archeopyle. Any ornamentation is not observed in the cingular andsulcal regions. But relatively broadspan between precingular and postcingular processes may reflect the cingularregion. The postcingular region has
six tubiform processes, and each one
indicates to each original postcingularplate. The antapical area has three orsometimes two processes. Its archeopyle is an apical type with several
archeopyle sutures.
Remarks:-The present new speciesof Tanyosphaeridium resembles to T.
paradoxum (BROSIUS) shown by GOCHT(1969) in the shape of the central body,but differs from the latter species in
the number of processes and the natureof these distal parts. Also, this species
has a smaller number of processes thanthat of the other species described by

333

DAVEY and WILLIAMS (in DAVEY et ai.,1966), such as T. variecalamum and T.
reguiare.
Cyst-Family A.reoligeraceae EVITT,
1963 emend. SARJEANT &DOWNIE, 1966
Genus Areoligera LEJEUNECARPENTIER, 1938

Areoligera senonensis LEJEUNECARPENTIER, 1938
PI. 46, figs. 1, 2.

1965. Areoligera sp. aff. A. senonensis

LE-

Bull.
Amer. Paleont., vol. 49, no. 222, p. 228,
pI. 26, figs. 1-8.
1969. Areoligera senonensis LEJEUNE-CARPENTIER,GOCHT;
Palaeontgraphica,
vol. 126, no. 1, Abt. B, p. 56, pI. 8,
figs. 4-9, text-figs. 40-41.
JEUNE-CARPENTIER,STANLEY;

Description:- A hemispherical to ovoid
central body with micro granular surface
has a large characteristic apical archeopyle, and six precingular, five postcingular, one posterior intercalary andone antapical annular or soli ate complex
processes. Judging from the shape ofsome free operculums, the apical area
appears to have four plates. Therefore,
conceivable tabulation is 4/, 6/1, ?g, 5/1/,
1p and 1/1/1. All precingular plates bearsoliate complex processes and plate 5/1
is larger than the others. Several accessory archeopyle sutures are observed
between plates 1/1 and 2/1, 3/1 and 4/1, 4/1
and 5/1, and 5/1 and 6/1. Plates 2/1/, 3/1/,
4/1/, and 5/1/ posess annulate complex
processes, but plate 1/1/ is not obvious
in detail. One posterior intercalaryplate, 1p, is represented by incomplete
soliate complex processes, and occupies
a position between plates' 1/1/ and 1/1/1.
The largest complex process is an ant-

Kazumi MATSUOKA

334

apical plate and charactristically commalike in shape. The small sulcal notch isobserved on dorsal side between plates
1/1 and 6/1. The sulcal region is probably indicated by reduced linear complex processes. These processes areformed from smooth membrane andincompletely conected with two or more
adjacent processes at the bases andoccasionally at the distal parts.
Dimensions:- Diameter of central body42(1-50(1 X 48(1-70(1, length of complex
processes 10(1-26(1, diameter of archeopyle 38(1-52(1.
Remarks:- The present occurrence ofAreoligera senonensis from the Fujwara
Group is the first report from the
Miocene sediments.
Specimen slides: -KM-3153 (6.7/1.9)
and KM-5333 (2.0/9.3).

Cyst- Family Cannosphaeropsitaceae
SARJEANT & DOWNIE, 1966
Genus Cannosphaeropsis O. WETZEL,
1933 emend. WILLIAMS& DOWNIE, 1966
Cannosplweropsis sp.
PI. 45, figs. 10, 11.

Description:- The present specimensof Cannosphaeropsis have a ellipsoidal
central body with thin smooth surface.
Processes are gonal and intergonal withsmooth stalk, and have solid and furcate
ends connecting distally. The diameterof these processes is larger than thatof the ornamental network. Its tabulation is not determinable but an archeopyle is a precingular type. The cingularregion is indicated by a parallel arrangement of gonal and intergonal processes.
Dimensions:- Diameter of central body22(1-33(1, length of processes 14(1-22(1.
(.

Remarks:- The present specimens are
similar to Cannosphaeropsis reticulensis
described by WILLIAMS and DOWNIE (inDAVEY et al., 1966) in the shape of thecentral body, but differ from it in thenature of distal parts, the number, andarrangement of processes.
Specimen slides: -KM-1132 (1.4/5.1)
and KM-( 4.6/15.6)

Cyst-Family Incertae Sedis
Genus Schematophora DEFLANDRE& COOKSON, 1955
Schematophora sp. ct. S. speciosa
DEFLANDRE & COOKSON, 1955
PI. 46, fig. 3.
Cf. 1955. Schematophora speciosa DEFLANDRE& COOKSON; Aust. ]. Mar. Freshw. Res.,
vol. 6, no. 2, p. 262-263, pI. 6, figs. 11-13.

Description:- The present specimens
have a hemispherical central body withfine reticulate surface, and six precingular, four or five cingular, five postcingular, one posterior intercalary andone ant apical annular, soliate or linear
complex processes. Its archeopyle is alarge apical type with a free operculum,
so that the number of apical plate is
uncounted. Conceivable tabulation except for the apical region is 6/1, 4-5 g,
5" 1 , 1p and 1'/1'. Plates 1/1 and 6/1 areannular complex processes but the otherprecingular plates are mostly soliatecomplex processes. Most of these complex processes connect with two adjacent tips and become circular orincomplete circular in optical section.
Furthermore, plate 6/1 is smaller thanthe other precingular plates. The cingular region posesses four or five linear
complex processes on dorsal side. The
hypotract has five annular complex post-

633. Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs
cingular, one annular complex posterior
intercalary, and one large annular complex antapical processes. The one small
posterior intercalary process occupies aposition between plates 1/1/ and 5/11. The
annular complex antapical process isthe largest of all processes. The sulcal
notch is observed between plates 1/1 and6/1 on dorsal side. Around the zigzag
margin of its apical archeopyle, there
are a few accessory archeopyle sutures.
Dimensions :-Diameter of central bodyca. 50,u, length of complex processes 4,u8,u, diameter of archeopyle ca. 34,u.
Remarks :-Only two specimens wereobtained from the Fujiwara Group.
These specimens differ from Areoligera
senonensis in the nature of those complex processes. The present specimensof Schematophora have charactristicallyannular or soliate complex processes
connecting with two adjacent tips.
Specimen slide :-KM-3145 (6.9/10.6).

Genus Lingulodinium WALL, 1967
Lingulodinium machaerophorum(DEFLANDRE & COOKSON, 1955)
emend. WALL, 1967
PI. 46, figs. 5, 6.

1955. Hystrichosphaeridium

machaerophorum
Aust. J. Mar.
Freshw. Res., vol. 6, no. 2, p. 274, pI.
9, figs. 4, 8.
1959. Hystrichosphaeridium machaerophorum
DEFL. & COOK., MAIER; N. Jb. Geol.
Palaont., Abh., vol. 107, no. 3, p. 315,
pI. 31, fig. 8.
1962. Hystrichosphaeridium ashdonense RosSIG:>IOL; Pollen et Spores, vol. 4, no. 1,
p. 132, pI. 2, fig. 2.
1967. Lingulodinium machaerophorum (DEFL.
& COOK.) emend. WALL; Palaeontology,
vol. 10, pt. 1, p. 109, pI. 15, figs. 16,
17, text-fig. 6.
DEFLANDRE & COOKSON;

335-

Description:-The present specimens
have a spherical central body with moderate thick wall and microgranularsurface. Processes are mostly curved
and acuminate distally. The bases ofprocesses are nearly circular in opticalsection. These specimens have a characteristic compound precingular archeopyle with the compound operculum
which appears to be corresponded toplate 2/1-5/1.
Dimensions:-Diameter of central body54,u-58,u, length of processes 12,u-18,u,diameter of processes in optical section
ca.2,u.
Remarks:-The present species is very
similar to Cleistosphaeridium ? fiexuosum
described by DAVEY et al., (1966) in thenature of the processes and the size ofthe central body.
The archeopyle,
however, is an apical type in Cleistosphaeridium ? fiexuosum, while Lingulodinium machaerophorum (DEFLANDRE &COOKSON) has a large compound precingular archeopyle. According to
DAVEY et al. (1966), this species isbelonged to the genus Cleistosphaeridium. But Lingulodinium machaerophorum (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON) is
differentiated from the genus Cleistosphaeridium based on having a compound
precingular archeopyle.
Furthermore, this species has been
regarded as a cyst stage of living motile
and thecate species, Gonyaulax polyedra,by EVITT and DAVIDSON (1964) and WALL
(1967). Recently, this interpretation isproved by an experiment of a single
cell incubation carried out by WALL and
DALE (1968).
The oldest occurrence of this species
is known from the Miocene sediments
in Australia (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON,
1955).
Specimen slides:- KM-5031 (2.9/0.6)
and KM-5332 (10.5/5.2).

Kazumi MATSUOKA

336

Genus Operculodinium WALL, 1967
Operculodinium centrocarpum(DEFLANDRE & COOKSON,
1955) emend WALL, 1967
PI. 45, fig. 9.

1955. Hystrichosphaeridium centrocarpum DEFLANDRE & COOKSON; Aust. ]. Mar.
Freshw. Res., vol. 6, no. 2, p. 272-273,
pI. 8, figs. 3, 4.
1959. Hystrichosphaeridium centrocarpum
DEFL. & COOK., MAIER; N. Jb. Geol.
Palliont., Abh., vol. 107, no. 3, p. 314,
pI. 25, fig. 9.
1961. Baltisphaeridium centrocarpum (DEFL.
& COOK.), GERLACH; N. ]b. Geol.
Palliont., Abh., vol. 112, no. 2, p. 193,
pI. 28, fig. 9.
1963. Baltisphaeridium centrocarpum (DE FL.
& COOK.), BROSIUS; Z. dts. geol. Ges.,
vol. 114, p. 44, pI. 6, fig. 6, text-fig. 8a, b.
1967. Operculodnium centrocarpum (DEFL. &COOK.) emend. WALL; Palaeontology,
vol. 10, pt. 1, p. 111, pI. 16, figs. 1, 2, 5.

Description:-The present specimens
have a spherical central body with
granular surface. The thickness of thewall is about 3/1. Processes are often
strongly curved and distally pin's head-

shaped. The tips of these processes areusually bifid or sometimes acuminate.
The bases of processes are conical andfine striations are observed. Its archeopyle is formed on dorsal side by loss ofthe precingular plate corresponded toplate 3", and is subtrapezoid to triangular in shape. Arrangement of spinous
processes is intratabular, so the numberof them is uncountable.
Dimensions:-Diameter of central body
40/1-52/1, length of processes 8/1-12/1,
diameter of archeopyle in figured specimen 20/1 X 24/1.
Remarks:-The occurrence of Operculodinium centrocarpum (DEFLANDRE &COOKSON) has been reported from the
Oligocene in Germany (GERLACH, 1961
and BROSIUS, 1963), the Miocene inAustralia (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON, 1955)
and the Pleistocene deep sea cores fromthe Caribbean Sea (W ALL, 1967) and the
Recent (WALL & DALE, 1968). WALL
(1967) stated that Operculodinium centrocarpum (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON) is
classified into two types based on the
diameter of the central body. According to him, the larger one is 70/1-90/1,
and the smaller one 40/1-50/1. In the

Explanation of Plate 44
Fig. 1. Hystrichokolpoma rigaudae DEFLA:-.1DRE & COOKSO:-.1. x ca. 650, slide no. KM-023(18.1/3.9), dorsal view.
Fig. 2. Hystrichokolpoma elliptica n. sp. x ca. 650: Holotype, slide no. KM-022 (18.6/7.2),
a; optical section, showing the archeopyle with several archeopyle sutures. b; ventral
view, showing the sulcal region.
Figs. 3-5. Hystrichokolpoma denticulata n. sp. x ca. 650. 3. Holotype; slide no. KM-045(13.8/1.5), a; dorsal view, b; ventral view. 4. Para type ; slide no. KM-023 (13.0/4.9),
a; oblique dorsal view, b; optical section. 5. Paratype; slide no. KM-045 (3.1/13.9),
oblique antapical view.
Fig. 6. Diphyes latiusculus n. sp. x ca. 650; Holotype; slide no. KM-1162 (16.3/8.4), a;
optical section, b; surface view.
Fig. 7. Diphyes colligerum (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON) DAVEY & WILLIAMS. x ca. 650, slide
no. KM-021 (22.2/4.6), showing the large apical archeopyle.

MATSUOKA : Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs

1~--UI_____

6b

Plate 44

633.

Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs

stratigraphical distribution, the larger
one is obtained mainly from Oligocene
to Miocene, while the smaller one ismostly observed in Pleistocene to Recent
sediments.
This species is said to be a cyst stageof living, motile and thecate species
Protoceratium reticulatum (W ALL &DALE, 1968).
SPecimen slide:- KM -045 (18.3/2.9).

Genus Tectatodinium WALL, 1967
Tectatodinium sp.
PI. 45, fig. 8.

Description:-The present specimensof Tectatodinium are characterized bya spherical central body ornamented
with numerous very short spines. Its
archeopyle is a precingular type andtrapezoid in shape. These specimens
have no distinctive features of the dinoflagellate cyst with exception of its
precingular archeopyle. Therefore, its
tabulation is not determinable.
Dimensions :- Diameter of central body
28f-l-33f-l, length of short spines ca. If-l,
diameter of archeopyle 8f-l-15f-l.
Remarks:-No characters of the dinoflagellate cyst except for the archeopyleare observed in the both genera Chytroeisphaeridia and Tectatodinium. The
genus Chytroeisphaeridia has an apicalarcheopyle according to its genericdescription by NORRIS and SARJEANT(1965). The genus Tectatodinium differsfrom the genus Chytroeisphaeridia in
having a precingular archeopyle.
SPecimen slide :-KM-1221 (3.2/11.2).

Class Incertae Sed isGroup Acritarcha EVITT, 1963

337

Subgroup Herkomorphitae DOWNIE,EVITT & SARJEANT, 1963
Genus Cymatiosphaera O. WETZEL,
1933 emend. DEFLANDRE, 1954
Cymatiosphaera sp.
PI. 46, fig. 7.

Description:- The present specimens
have a strongly ellipsoidal shell withmicrogranular surface divided into manypolygonal fields.
The boundaries ofthese polygonal fields are formed fromwell developed crests of thin microgranular membrane. The number ofpolygonal fields is about twenty.
Dimensions :-Shell diameter 47 f-l X 22f-l,
height of crests ca. 5f-l, diameter of thelargest polygonal field 13f-l X 12f-l.
Remarks :-Only two specimens wereobtained from the Fujiwara Group.
These specimens differ from two Japanese Oligocene species, which are Cymatiosphaera globulosa and C. reticulosa
described by TAKAHASHI (1964) fromthe Asagai Formation, in shell diameter,
shell shape and the number of polygonal
fields.
SPecimen slide :-KM-042 (15.5/6.7).

The other plant microfossils
Besides these species described above
belonging to dinoflagellates and acritarchs, several plant microfossils occurred from the Fujiwara Group. Obtained species are Leiosphaeridia spp.,
Pediastrum sp. cf. P. boryanum (TURPIN)
and Tasmanaceae.
Leiosphaeridia spp. belonging to Acritarcha were found from the Toyoda
Formation in Fujiwara-cho and the Iwabuchi Formation exposed III Rokuyaoncho of Nara City.
The genus Pediastrum is a delicate

Kaznmi MATSUOKA:338

freshwater green algae. The Toyoda
Formation occurring Pediastrum sp. cf.
P. boryanum (TURPIN) is marine sediments. Hitherto, several reports, how,ever, have been dealt with occurrence,of Pediastrum from marine sediments,(EVITT, 1963, STANLEY, 1965, SHIMAKURA
1970 and MATSUOKA, 1971).

References cited'BROSIUS, M. (1963):
Plankton aus dem
nord hessischen Kasseler Meeressand(Oberoligozan). Z. dts. geol. Ges., vol.
114, p. 32-56, pIs. 1-8. text-fig. 1-2, tab.
1-2.
'COOKSO:'-l, 1. C. & HUGHES, N. F. (1964):
Microplankton from the Cambrige Greensand (mid-Cretaceous). Palaeontology,
vol. 7, pt. 1, p. 37-59, pIs. 5-11, 1 textfig., table 1.
DAVEY, R.J., DOWNIE, C., SARJEANT, W.A.S.

& WILLIAMS, G. L. (1966): Studies on
Mesozoic and Cainozoic dinofiagellate
cysts.
Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Bull,
Suppl. 3, p. 1-248, pIs. 1-26, text-figs. 163, tables 1-5.
DEFLANDRE, G. & COOKSON, 1. C. (1955):
Fossil microplankton from Australianlate Mesozoic and Tertiary sediments.
Aust. ]. Mar. Freshw. Res., vol. 6, no. 2,
p: 242-313, pIs. 1-9, text-figs. 1-59, table
1.
EISENACK, A. (1964): Katalog der fossilen
Dinofiagellaten, Hystrichospharen undverwandten Mikrofossilen. Ed. 1 Dinofiagellaten. 888 pp., 9 pIs., Schweizerbartsh Verlagsbuchhandlug, Stuttgart.
EVITT, W. R. (1961):
Observation on themorphology of fossil dinofiagellates.
Micropaleontology, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 385420, pIs. 1-9, text-figs. 1-8.
. - (1963) : A discussion and proposals
concerning fossil dinofiagellates, hystrichospheres and acritarchs. I+II. Nat.
Acad. Sci., ProG., vol. 49, nos. 2 and 3,
p. 158-164 and 298-302, text-figs. 1-4.

---_. --. --------

Explanation of Plate 45
Figs. 1, 2. Spiniferites sp. aff. S. buccinus (DAVEY & WILLIAMS) x ca. 470.
1. Slide no. KM-5123 (9.0/12.6), ventral view; showing the precingular archeopyle. 2.
Slide no. KM-5124 (23.3/0.7), ventral view.
Fig. 3. Spiniferites mirabilis (ROSSIG?\OL) x ca. 760, slide no. KM-5033 (18.1/4.8), obliqueventral view.
Fig. 4. Spiniferites ramosus (EHRENBERG) MANTELL x ca. 650, slide no. KM-5124 (4.3/4.3),
antapical view.
Fig. 5. Hystrichosphaeridium? sp. x ca. 760, slide no. KM-1233 (14.0/9.8), showing the large
apical archeopyle with several archeopyle sutures.
Fig. 6. Achomosphaera sp. x ca. 760, slide no. KM-1163 (3.3/5.3), ventral view (?).
Fig. 7. Spiniferites sp. a x ca. 470, slide no. KM-5043 (3.6/4.2), ventral view (?).
Fig. 8. Tectatodinium sp. x ca. 500, slide no. KM-1221 (3.2/11.2), showing the precingulararcheopyle.
Fig. 9. Operculodinium centrocarpum (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON) WALL x ca. 650, slide no.
KM-045 (18.3/2.9), showing the trapezoid precingular archeopyle.
Figs. 10, 11. Cannosphaeropsis sp. x ca. 650.
10. Slide no. KM-1132 (1.4/5.1), free operculum corresponded with parts of apical andprecingular plates (?). 11. Slide no. KM-1114 (4.6/15.6), optical section.
:Fig. 12. Cordosphaeridium sp. d. C. uncinispinosum DE CONINK x ca. 650, slide no. KM-5032(1.3/6.1), showing the apical archeopyle within the central body.

MATSUOKA:

Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs

Plate 459

633. Miocene dinoflagellates and acritarchs(1967): Dinoflagellate studies II. The
archeopyle. Stanford Univ. Publ., Geol.
Sci., vol. 10, no. 3, p. 1-59, pis. 1-11,
text-figs. 1-50.
- - & DAVIDSON, S. E. (1964): Dinoflagellate
studies 1. Dinoflagellate cysts and thecae.
Ibid. vol. 10, no. 1, p. 1-12, pI. 1, textfigs. 1-2.
GERLACH, E. (1961): Mikrofossilen aus dem
Oligoziin und Mioziin Nordwestdeutschlands, unter besonderer Briiksichtigung
der Hystrichosphiieren und Dinoflagellaten. N. Jb. Geol. Paliiont., Abh., vol.
112, no. 2, p. 143-228, pis. 25-29, textfigs. 1-23, tables 1-3.
GOCHT, H. (1969):
Formengemeinschaften
aittertiiiren Mikroplanktons aus Bohrproben des Erdolfeldes Meckelfeld bei
Hamburg.
Palaeontographica, Abt. B,
vol. 126, no. 1, p. 1-100, pis. 1-11, textfigs. 1-49, tables 1-3.
GRUAS-GAVAGNETTO, C. (1970): Dinophyceae, Acritarcha et pollens de la formation de Varengeville (Cuisien, SeineMartinie). Rev. Micropaleontologie, vol.
13, no. 2, p. 69-78, pis. 1-3.
KOKAWA, S. (1954):
Volcanostratigraphic
aspects of Mt. Mikasa and its environs,
Nara Pref., Japan, with special reference
to the geologic age of "Mikasa-andesite."p. 1-90, pis. 1-10, Yotoku-Shya, Tenri,
Nara Prefecture, Japan. (in Japanesewith English abstract).
MAIER, D. (1959): Planktonuntersuchungenin tertiiiren und quartiiren marinen Sedimenten. N. Jb. Geol. Paliiont., Abh., vol.
107, no. 3, p. 278-340, pis. 27-33, textfigs. 1-4.
MATSUOKA, K. (1971): The occurrence of
microplanktons from the Nobori andAnanai Formations, Kochi Prefecture,
Japan.
Earth Sci., (Chikyu Kagaku)
vol. 26, no. 1, p. 41-43, text-figs. 1-7,
table 1 (in Japanese).
MORGENROTH, p'. (1966): Mikrofossilen und
Konkretionen des nordwesteuropiiischen
Untereoziins. Palaeontographica, Abt. B.
vol. 119, no. 1, p. 1-53, pis. 1-11.
NORRIS, G. & SARJEANT, ·W. A. S. (1965): A
descriptive index of genera of fossil

339

Dinophyceae and Acritarcha. N. Z. Geol.
Surv. Paleont. Bull., vol. 40, no. 1, p. 1-72.
ROSSIGNOL, M. (1962): Analyse polleniquede sediments marins quaternaires en
Israel. II. Sediments pleistocenes. Pollen
et Spores, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 121-148, pis. 12, tables 1-2.
SAKAMOTO, T. (1955): Cenozoic formationin the southern district of Nara City.
jour. Geol. Soc. japan, vol. 61, no. 713,
p. 62-72 (in Japanese with English abstract).
SARJEANT, W.A.S. (1967): The stratigraphical distribution of fossil dinoflagellates. Rev. Palaeobotan. palynol., vol. 1,
no. 2, p. 323-343, tables 1-13.
- - (1967): The stratigraphical distribution of fossil dinoflagellates. An addendum. Ibid., vol. 5, no. 2 p. 327.
- - & DOWNIE, C. (1966): The classification of fossil dinoflagellate cysts above
generic level. Grana Palynologica, vol.
6, no. 3, p. 503-527.
SHIMAKURA, M. (1963) : Pollen stratigraphicalstudies of Japanese Cenozoic formations
VII. The Jogokudani formation. jour.
Nara Gakugei Univ., (Nat. Sci.) vol. 11,
p. 13-24, pis. 1-2 (in Japanese withEnglish abstract).
- - (1970): Pollen analysis of the bottom
sediments in the Japan Sea. Circular"Nihonkai", no. 5, p. 27-30 (in Japanese).
- - (ed.) (1971): History of Nara City.
Volume of Nature, p. 1-108, Nara City(in Japanese).
- - , NISHIDA, S. & MATSUOKA, K. (1971):
Some plant microfossils from the Yamato-tai, Sea of Japan. Bull. Nara Univ.
Educ., vol. 20, no. 2, p. 63-70, pis. 1-2,
1, text-fig. tables 1-2 (in Japanese withEnglish abstract).
STANLEY, E. A. (1965): Upper Cretaceousand Paleocene plant microfossils andPaleocene dinoflagellates and hystrichospherids from northwestern South Dakota. Bull. Amer. Paieont., vol. 49, no.
222, p. 179-384, pis. 1-31, tables 1-19.
TAKAHASHI, K. (1964): Microplankton fromthe Asagai Formation in the Joban coal
field. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan.

Kazumi MATSUOKA

340

N. S. no. 54, p. 201-214, pis. 30-33.
- - (1971): Microfossils. from the Pleistocene sediments of the Ariake Sea area,
West Kyushu. Ibid., N. S. no. 81, p. 1126, pis. 1-5, text-figs. 1-2.
- - & YAO, A. (1969): Plant microfossils
from the Permian sandstone in thesouthern marginal area of the Tanba
Belt. Ibid., N. S. no. 73, p. 41-48, pis.
4-6, tex t- figs. 1-4.
TAl, Y. (1957): Microbiostratigraphy of the
Cenozoic strata of the western Setouchi
province, Japan. Ceol. Rep. Hiroshima
Univ., vol. 5, no. 1, p. 1-58 (in Japanese

Fujiwara
Hachibuse
Higashiyama
Iwabuchi
Jigokudani
Kinki
Kokuzoyama
Nakanokawa
Nara
Obitoke
Onigatsuji

it'#

1Jll:

~

{:k

*til! lM ill
E

if(

iWrI
~

•

J.t.~iiill
I=j:l / )11

~
:tll·
'In~

.&

M¥

with English abstract).
WALL, D. (1967): Fossil microplankton in
deep-sea cores from the Caribbean Sea.
Palaeontology, vol. 10, pt. I, p. 95-123,
pis . .14-16, text-figs. 1-8.
- - & DALE, B. (1968):
Modern dinoflagellate cysts and evolution of the Peridiniales. Micropaleontology, vol. 14, no.
3, p. 265-304, p. 1-4, text-figs. 1-7, tables
1-2.
- - & - - (1970): Living hystrichosphaerid
dinoflagellate spores from Bermuda andPuerto Rico. Ibid. vol. 16, no. 3, p. 4758, pI. I, text-figs. 1-22.

Osaka
Rokuyaon
Ryoke
Sekibutsu
Shirakawa-ike
Tenri
ToyodaYadahara
YamatoYanagichaya

*-

F>&

f,1'{

*

IJglllflE

T:i

{.L.

S )11 7&
7(

:a

J:lI!
III

~1II1Jll:

*-

;f!:l

t1JHU~* 'TftExplanation of Plate 46

Figs. I, 2. Areoligera senonensis LEJEUNE-CARPENTIER x ca. 700
1. Slide no. KM-3153 (6.7/1.9), a; oblique apical-ventral view; showing the large apicalarcheopyle with several archeopyle sutures, b; oblique antapical-dorsal view. 2. Slide
no. KM-5333 (2.0/9.3), oblique apical view.
Fig. 3. Schematophora sp. d. S. speciosa DEFLANDRE & COOKSON x ca. 700, slide no. KM3145 (6.9/10.6), a; dorsal view, b; ventral view.
Figs. 4, 9, 10. Tanyosphaeridium fusiform n. sp. x ca. 1000
4. Holotype; slide no. KM-045 (5.0/17.7), showing the apical archeopyle. 9. Paratype,slide no. KM-045 (23.1/1.0). 10. Paratype, slide no. KM-023 (10.3/3.5).
Figs. 5, 6. Lingulodinium machaerophorum (DEFLANDRE & COOKSON) WALL x ca. 700.
5. Slide no. KM-5031 (2.9/0.6), free operculum (?). 6. Slide no. KM-5332 (10.5/5.2),
dorsal view, showing the compound precingular archeopyle corresponded with plates 2/1
to 5".
Fig. 7. Cymatiosphaera sp. x ca. 760, slide no. KM-042 (15.5/6.7).
Fig. 8. Conyaulacysta sp. a x ca. 760, slide no. KM-1234 (20.7/2.4) ; showing the precingulararcheopyle; dorso-ventral view.

JllIATSUOKA:

JllIiocene dinofla,C!ellates and acritarchs

Plate 46

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Transactions and Proceedings of the PalaeontologicalSociety of Japan

June 30, 1974

New Series No. 94

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
631. BANDO, Yuji and SHIMOYAMA, Shoichi: Late Scythian Ammonoids fromthe Kitakami Massif.. . ..... . .... . ......... ............ ........... . ... 293
632. TAzAwA, Jun-ichi:

Two Species of Permundaria from the Kitakami Moun-tains, Northeast Japan .... .. ........... ... ........ . ................... 313
633. MATSUOKA, Kazumi:

Some Plant Microfossils from the Miocene Fujiwara

Group, Nara, Central Japan .... . ......................... . ....... . ... 319