fJ -lt" -1;- ~ ~ ~ ~~~·!c.f
Transactions and Proceedingsof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New Series

No . .t:J

Palaeontological Society of japan

September 25th, 1961

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
Page

407. On some Gyliakian Pterotrigoniae from Kyushu and Hokkaido, Japan.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mitsuo NAKANO and Kyoichiro NUl\IA!'\0
408. The stratigraphical Significance of the Variation of Fossil Batillaria multi·
formis (LISCHKE) in South Kanto, Japan ................. ]oji NAGASAWA
409. Lower Permian Bryozoa from Miharano, Taishalw Plateau, SouthwesternJapan. . ........................... Sumio SAKAGAl\11 and Saburo AKAGI
410. Pelecypods from the Liassic Yamaoku Formation in West Japan (Studies
on the Liassic Pelecypods in Japan, 11) ................... ltaru HAYAi\11411. Some Jurassic Pelecypods from the Awazu and Yamagami Formations inNortheast Japan ......................................... ltaru HAYAMI
412. A Miocene Problematica from Wakayama Prefecture .................... .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kotara HAT AI and Tamio KOTAKA
413. i'.Iiddle Carboniferous Corals from the lchinotani Formation (Upper Paleozoic
Corals from Fukuji, Southeastern part of the Hida Massif, Part 3) .....
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hisayoshi IG6
PROCEEDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

89
99
105
113

117
124

127
138

President : Teiichi KollA Y ASHI
Councillors : Kiyoshi AsA:-.~o (Editor of " Fossils"), Riuji ENoo (Planning), Haruyoshi
Fum..wTo, Shoshiro HANZAWA, Wataru HAsHil\IOTo (Treasurer), Kotara HATAI,
Ichiro H.nASAKA, Koichiro IcHIKAwA, Nobuo lKEUE, Teiichi Kou.\YASHt,
Tatsuro MATSUMOTo, Masao Mt:-.~ATo. Tokio SHtKAMA (General Affairs), Fuyuji
TAt<At (Editor), Ryuzo ToRtYAMA
Secretary: Tetsuro HANAI
Assistant Secretary: Takeo IcHIKAWA

All Communications relating to this journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Japan

Tram;. !'roc. Palacont. Soc. Japan, :\. S.. No. 43. pp, 89-9S. pl. 13. Sept. 25, l!Jt)l~111.

OK SOME GYLlAKIAN PTEROTRIGONIAE FRO.i\1

KYUS!-H.; AND HOKKAIDO. JAPAN*
l\IITSUO :l":'\KAJ'\0
Institute of Geology and Mineralogy. Hiroshima University
andKYO!CHIRO I\C\1:\:\'0
Ito High School in Wakayama Prefecture

JvH1 · ~tiluill:JI7£'t" ~"''-!!til( Pterotrigouia ·! 1\l!l:.."?l·-(: ,lf '.1-'('- P'k;/C Pterotrigouia
4 !<fi •) t, 1 1.1iHt~;jc;Wi:L. Genus Pterotrigonia l.:."?t ·~O)'Ifr~Do'il'f~:1Jil:{.f.:.

•4'

w 1t nf, · ill !J!J ~:. -n1:

To the description of thcst· species,
some notes arc added on the genus l'tr•m·
trigrmia VAN HOEPEN.
The materials dealt with in this paper\\'ere collected by Shingo EH:\I<A lfor·
merly YEHARA). Tatsuro l'VIATSlJMOTO,
IIakuyu OKADA and !VIitsuo NAKANO
from Kyushu and Hokkaido. and stored
in the Geological Institute of the Uni·
Yersity of Kyoto (Jl'vl), Kyushu University(GK). and Hiroshima University \Gil\.
The authors wish to express theirsincere thanks lo Prof. Sotoji 1:-.JA:\JURAof the Hiroshima University. Prof. Shin·go EBARA of the Ritsumeikan University
at Kyoto and Prof. Tatsuro :viATSU:\JOTOof the Kyushu University at Fukuoka
for their kind guidances and encourage·
ments. to !\lessen; Tomowo OSE andlchiro HAYASIII of the Sumitomo Colliery
Company and Dr. Minoru TA~li:RA ofof the Kumamoto University for theirassistances in field works, to Dr. Hak uyu

Introduction and AcknowledgemEnts
Pterotrigonia VA~ HOEI'E:-\. 1929 is a
Cretaceous cosmopolitan genus and iswell characterized by its own outline
and surfacE' costation. In Japan it iswell reprcsc·ntl'd by numerous forms
from Neocomian to Turonian. It \Vasmost prospered and widely spread from
Kyushu to Sachalin from Aptian to
Cenomanian. i.e. japanese l\liyakoan toearly Gyliakian. but disappeared in the
Senonian s.l.. i.e. Urakawan to Hetonaian.
Since 19·l'i. the senior author collectednumerous trigoniid specimens from the
Gyliakian formations in Kyushu andHokkaido. With the junior author. thepalaeontological study was carried on a
lot of them. As a result, some interest·
ing trigoniids are distinguished as fol·lows:
P terol rigouia /n'evicula (Y E 11 A R A)
Pterolngonia sallalmrai (YEII.\RA)
Pterotrigouia (Riuetrigmzia) yeharai, sp. nov.
Pterofrigouia (Riuetrigouia) sp. nov.

*
1960.

89

Received Dec. 12, 1960; read Jun. 15,

90

1\1itSWl NAKAMJ and Kyoichiro NUM.·INO

OKADA for supply of a trigoniid speci·
men. and to Prof. Susumu r..IATSllSIIITAof the University of Kyoto and l'vlr. Iku·
wo OHAT.\ of the Kyushu University forthe assistance which the authors received
at the universities. Finally, the authors
record their cordial thanks to Prof.
Teiichi KOBAYASHI of the University ofTokyo for reading the manuscript of
this paper thus completed.
Subfamily Ptcrotrigoniinae
VA>: HOEI'E:'\, 1929
KOBAYASHI and NAKANO's proposal(1957) is here accepted. Recently, SAVE·LIEV (1958) suggested that his Ptcrotri·
goniinae including PtemtriKrmia VA:\
HOEI'EN. Scabrotrigonia DIETRICH. Uno·
trigmxia VA!'\ HOEI'EN and Oistotrif!mzia
Cox were derived from Apiolrigonia Coxof his ~vlegatrigoniinae. It can, howeyer.
hardly be overlooked that the immatureshell of many species in this subfamily
is quite similar to Haidaia of Myoplwrella in the presence of distinct carinae.
diagonal I!aidaia·type crenulatc costationon the flank. and transversely costcllate
area. Therefore. as pointed out by
KOBAYASHI and NAKANO (1957). this sub·family was issued probably from Haidaia
of !llyophore/la.
Genus Pterotrigonia VA!'\ HOEPE~. 1929
Type species:-Pterolrigonia crista VAN HoEPE:-.1, 1929. "Mid. Cret."; Zululand, South
Africa.

Subgenus Pterotrigonia s.s.
Synonym :-Ptilotrigonia VAN HoEPE:", 1929=
Notoscabrolrigouia DIETRICII, 1939.

Remarks:-This was cosmopolitan in
the Cretaceous, and comprises a numberof species and varieties as listed by
KOBAYASHI and N.\KA~O (1957. pp. 225-

226). The additional forms are as fol·lows:
Trigonia aliformis var. attenuata L Yn:TT.
1875. Low. Crct.: England.
Trigonia bowersiana ANDERS0:-1, 1958. Up.
Crct.: California.
Pterotrif(mzia lwmilzmaris SAVELl!·:\·, 1958. Up.
Albian-Cenomanian (?): Manghyschlack.
Pterotrif(mzia kfytschez•a SAVELIEV, 1958. Up.
Albian: Manghyschlack.
Trigonia packardi A:-iDI,RSo:-;, 1958. Low.
Cenomanian ; California.
PterotriJ;mlia pseudoczmdata var. dumbeae FRE·
1'EIX, 1958. Senonian: New Caledonia.
Trigonia stellegi 1-ln.L. 18!13. Up. Albian:Texas and Arizona.
PterotriJ;otzia talia11a i11cm•a SAV"LIE\', 1958.
Up. Albian: Maghyschlack.
Pterotrif(mzia talimw typica SAVELIE\', 1958.
Up. Albian; .Manghysch!ack.

Like !laidaia of Myap/wrclla the imma·
turc shell of this subgenus has the distinct
carinae. diagonal Haidaia·type crenu latecostae on the flank. and the transversely
costellate area. In many forms the cari·nae. the Haidaia·type costation, and thetransverse costellae on the area become
obscure in the middle growth stages.
Flank is sculptured with tuberculate
or sometimes plain costae. In the adultstage the flank is ornamented withtuberculate or sometimes plain costae.
In the adult stage the flank is ornamented
with tuberculate or sometimes plain cos·tae. and the area is generally smooth
but rarely costellate transversely.
The shell form and surface sculpltlresare variable to a large extent in thissubgenus. European Lower and "Mid·die" Cretaceous forms. i.e. cauda/a,etheridgei. and scabricola. have transverse
costellae on their area, but smooth inmost others. !'lain costae are recognizedon the flank in columbia11a. sakakurai,
and yokayamai etc .. which occur in the.. l\liddle" to Upper Cretaceous of theNorthern Pacific region. Costae on the407.

On some Gyliakian Pterotrigoniae from Kyushu and Ho.~kaido, japan

flank are obsolete in the anterior part ofc!tivensis (ARCHANGELSKY, 1916: pl. 4. fig.
6), but they are distinct in many others
and tuberculate and diagonal on theflank. Costellae on the escutcheon are
tuberculate or plain and disposed trans,·ersely.
The shell outline is crescentic andattenuate posteriorly in aliformis var.
attennata. brel'icula. crista. pocillij;Jrmis.
and yokoyamai etc .. but somewhat quad·rate in columbiana. salwkumi. and zcen~l­leri etc. The quadrate forms are known
from the .. l'vliddle Cretaceous" of japan
and North America. :\lost others are
subtrigonal in outline.
The median furrow is often distinct.
but it is very obscure in some large
forms, ex. p/ebeia and snkakurai.
Pterotrigonin rectiana (LYCETT! in SA·\'ELIEV (1958. pl. 39, figs. 1-3) may bebetter excluded from this subgenus.
Because its marginal carina is distinct
and its area obliquely costellate. it isprobably a member of Linotrigonia.
In a recent paper, KoBAYASHI and
NAKANO (1957) tentatively placed Trigo·
nia elisae BRTART et CORNET in this sub·genus. but it is better to be referred to,·lcantlwlrigonia because of the presenceof the oblique costation on the area.
CoSS;\!Al\N's T. elisae ( 1912. pl. 2, figs. l,
10-12; pl. 4. ftg. lg) is a typical Qua·
dratotrigonia as can be judged from thesurface costation and shell form.
Distribution :-Cosmopolitan in the Cre·taceous LO\ver to " :-.Iiddle " Cretaceousof the eastern hemisphere excluding
Australia. "!\Iiddle" to Upper Cretace·ous of Australia. North and South Arne·rica. and Europe.
Pterotrigonia brevicula (YEHARA)
Pl. 13. Figs. 4-8.
1915.

'

Trigo11ia

lwkkaidoa11a(pars)

YE·

91

Sci. Rep. Tolwku Imp. Unit• .. 2nd
Ser.. Vol. 2. No. 2. p. 39. pl. 1, fig. 5

IIARA,

only.

1915.

Trigouia bret•iw!a YEHARA, Ibid .. l'ol.
2, No. 2. p. 42, pl. 2. figs. 18-19.

.Haterial :-Lectotype, YEHARA's speci·men •1915. pl. 2. fig. 18). immature. along
the Ikushumbetsu ri,·er. about 3 km.
above the Ikushmbetsu coal-mines, Cent·ral Hokkaido.
Numerous specimens were collectedfrom several localities in the vicinity of
the Ikushumbetsu coal-mines, i\likasa·
city. Central Hokkaido. Among them,fairly well preserved specimens, GH. N.M.
1051-62, occurred in the Calycoceras zone·?1 of the lower " Trigonia Sandstone··along the Pombetsu river. about 1 km.
above the I kush umbetsu coal-mines.
In T. l\IATSU:'<IOTO's collection, GK. H.
6038--12. from the Caly··oceras zone t? :· at
T. '.-IATSDTOT<l"s loc. IK-2021 along thePombetsu river. Besides this \1ATSU·:IIOTO's collection contains many unre·gistered materials from the Mante/liceraszone and the Cafw:oceras zone of thesame district.
Description :-Shell medium in size.
crescentic. inequilateral, broader thanhigh, inflated anteriorly. attenuate pos·teriorly: anterior margin rounded. pass·ing gradually into broadly curved vent·
rat margin which is more or less sinuatedin the vicinity of postero-ventral margin;
dorsal margin concave and nearly two·
thirds as long as the shell: siphonal
margin narrow and well rounded. Umbo
broad. low and rather improminent: beakopisthogyrous, pointed at about a fourth
to two-fifths from the anterior end.
Flank with numerous bluntly tubercu·
late, broadly spaced costae which areround-topped and steep on the umbonal
or anterior side but gently inclined on
the other; umbonal 1 or so concentric to
oblique: next 8 or so on the most inflated

Mit suo NA!\AMJ t mzd I(voiclziro NUM.·l,YO

fl2

part thick. somewhat sinuous and dia·gonal. first slender but rapidly thickened
anteriorly: last 8 or so somewhat slenderand otli:}ue forward but gradually turning backward: antecarinal depression
shallow and distinct. Carinae absent ex·
cept near umbo. Area narro\\·. smooth.
with distinct median furrow. Escutcheon

wide. depressed. \\·ith numerous trans·verse costellae.
Growth-lines coarse and well developedon whole surface. Internallr. a radial
groove exists on the central part of thearea; ventral margin smooth or slightly
plicated. Test wry thick and about '1
mm. in adult form.

Jlleasurements in mm.
Specimen

Valve

-1

L:.·ngth

Height

L/H

Right

48.2

36. 6

1. 32

Right

34. ·I

~6. i

1. 29

Left
Right

48. i
-!5.7

35. ll
35. 0

1. 30

Left

32.9

25. 5

l. ~9

Left

29. (I

1. 12

Gil. NM. 1061

Left

GK. H.

6V38

Right

GK. II.

6039

GK.H.
GK. H.
GK. H.

6040

Ldt
Right

40. ()
41. 1
Sl. 5
42. ()

25.9
3~. 0

GIL Nivi. 1051
GIL NM. 1052c
GH. Nl\I. 10!'i4aGH. N.M. 105-!cGH. Nl\I. 1055
GH. XM. 1058

liO.Jl

60-12

I

Right
Right

------

Remarks:- The surface ornamentation
is rather constant in ontogenetic dewlopment. but the shell form is somewhat
yariable.
In the immature stage, the shell (lessthan 30 mm. long and 27 mm. high) isovate!:;.· trigonal in outline and the beaksituated at about two-lifths from the an·terior periphery but sometimes subcent·ral. The height-length proportion is lessthan 1: 1.20. Except for the umbonal
region costae number 10 or to 13 on the
fiank. 6 to 8 of which are on the mostinflated part and 4 to 5 on the posteriorone.
In the next stage, the shell IL: 30-40
mm., H: 25-30 mm.) becomes subtrigonalin outline and the beak shifted to abouta third to two-fifths from the anterior.
The height-length proportion ranges

35. 0
3-1. 5

l. 39

1. 25
1. 33

3S. 'I

31. 2

1. -19
1. 50
l. 22

57. 0

39. ·1

l. 45

28. u

1 : 1.20 to I : 1.30. 7 to 9 costae are on
the inflated part. and the remaining
posterior part is pro\·ided with 5 to 6
sub\·ertical costae.
The adult shell. 46-57 mm. in lengthand 35-40 mm. in height. is crescentic
and rostrate posteriorly. The height·
length proportion is 1 : 1.30 to 1 :50. The
position of the beak is about a fourth
to a third from the anterior end. On
the flank. subvertical costae number 6
to 9 on the posterior part, but 7 to 9
costae are present on the inflated part.
The ventral sinuation becomes distinct
in this stage.
Because of ill·presen·ation from theprimary, costellae on the escutheon areusually not well observed.
As shown
in figs. 5a-b on pl. 13, costellae are some·times recognized in the middle part of

407. On some Gyliakian Pterotrigo11iae from Kyuslm and Hoklwido, japan
the cscutheon where the number of co:.;tellae is I per em.
YEIIAI~A·s specimen 11915. pl. 1. fig. 5)
of Trigonia lwkkaidntma has a narrow
area and a distinct sinuation on theventral part. It looks quite similar tocertain brevint!a than typical lzold::aido·({Jill.

Comparison:- This form
resembles
clOSl!ly Ptem!rigonia pseudowndata +HEC·
T<m) in \.Yoons tl917. p. 21. pl. I. fig. 9;
pl. 8. figs. 151 from the upper Senonianof New Zealand and P. pseudocundata
var. dumbeae FRE:\EIX (1958. pp. 161-16~).
pl. 1. figs. l2a-b. text-fig. 1J from theSenonian of New Caledonia in shell formand surface costation, but easily distin·
guishable from them by its less nunw·rous costae on the flank and more elon·
gated postcro-ventral periphery.
This
species is similar to Pterolrigonia yolw·
yamai (YEUAI~Al from the :vliyakoan(Aptian-Albian! of the \liyako area inin North japan. but differs by the pre·sence of thicl< and bluntly tubcrculatecostae on its flank. In shell outline. thisis quite similar to Ar:antlrotrif!onia Longi·
foba (Jnmo) which is sometimes foundassociated. but different in the absenceof the oblique costation on the area. thepresence of the thick and bluntly tuber·culate costae on the flank. the sinuationon the ventral periphery. and thicker test.
(){'(:urrence :-Abundant in the !1la11lr'l·licems and Calycoceras zones of the lower
member of the .. Trigonia Sandstone .. in
the Ikushumbetsu district. l\likasa-city,
Central Hokkaido. Its age is probably
lower to middle Cenomanian.
Pterotrif[onia sakakurai 1YEIIARA)
Pl. 13. Figs. 9-10.
1923.

Trigonht sakafmrai.YEH.\l{t\, ]our. Geo/.
8oc. Tokya, Vol. 30, p. 6. pl. 4, fig. 6.

1923.

Trigmzia sakakurai

YEH~\RA.

japan.

9:)

Jour. Gaol. Geogr., Vol. 2, No. 3. pp.
';'6-77. pl. 11. tig. 3: pl. 13. fig. 2.
1931. Trigouia sakrrkurai YEIIARA. Trigouiaein ]aj)(l/1, pp. 19-20. text·fig.

Jlaterial :--Lectotype. YEIIARA's specimen .1923a. pl. -L fig. 5: Jl\'1. 10171 I. fromthe Goshonoura group in Goshonourajima. Amakusa-gun. Higo Prov .. Kumamoto Pref.. Kyushu, but its exact locality
is uncertain.
Some other specimens at hand are
more or less well preserved. Amongthem. CH. i\i'vl. Ps-01 was obtained fromthe middle Coshonoura·jima.
Descriptio// :-Shell line in size oblong
to subtrigonal. inequilateral. inflated
anteriorly. attenuate posterior marginrounded: ventral broadly arched; dorsal
long and concave: siphonal well rounded:
ventral broadly arched; dorsal long andconcave: siphonal well rounded. Umbolarge and blunt: beak opisthogyrous.
pointed at about anterior third to fourth.
Escutcheon depressed. fairly broad. pro·vided with transverse costellae. Area
narrow near umbo but soon broadened
later. Carinae and merlian furrow indistinct. Flank with plain. stout. broadly
spaced costae; anterior about 5 costae
nearly straight and diagonal : some 5
posterior costae subvertical and more
slender and narrowly spaced than anterior ones.
Growth-lines indistinct on whole surface.
Remarks :-This species is characterized by its large and quadrate outline andthick costae on the flank. Its immatureshell is not well known.
In the middle stage, its shell tabout :10mm. long and 40 mm. high) is subtrigonal in outline and the beal.; located atabout anterior third. Except for theumbonal region the flank is sculptured
with about 9 plain costae. The adultshell 'L: 65-80 .. H: 55-65 mm.l is quad-94

Mitsuo NAA:LVO and Kyoiclziro NUMANO

rately trigonal in shape and the beaklocated at about anterior third to fourth.
Costae on the flank number 10 to 11.
Because of ill-preservation, surface
costation near umbo and escutcheon are
not well observable.
Comparison :-This species is closely
allied to Pterotrigonia columbiana PAC·
KARD) from the Haida formation 'Lp.
Albian?) of the Queen Charlotte series in
Britith Columbia. but differs in having
wider intercostal spaces and more slendercostae on the flank. In outline, thisform is similar to Pterotrigrmia p/ebeia
VA:-: HOEI'EN and Trigouia rogen•i KIT·
em:-: respectiYely in the ·· :\!Iiddle" andthe Lower Cretaceous of South Africa.
but differs in having less numerous plain
costae. Trigrmia znmdleri WIIIT:-:EY fromthe lower Glen Rose formation Albian·of Texas is similar to this species. but
easily distinguished by the presence ofthe tuberculation on the slender co~taeof the flankOccurrence :-Lectotype UM. lOlii on
fig. 10 in pl. 13 is 15 mm. long and 66 mm.
high. Fairly abundant in the middle
Goshonoura group in Goshonoura·jima.
Higo Prov .. Kumamoto Pref.. Kyushu.
Subgenus Riuelrigonia\'AK IlOEI'I·::-.:. 1929
Type species:- Trigonia l'enlricosa K:~.\l S:-'.
18-17. ~eocomian of EasL Africa and Ti·
thonian to Neocomian in India.
S.numym :-Piso/rigonia \·A:-.: HoEI'E'>, 19:?~.

Remarks :-In 195i. KORAY:\SHI and :'-JAKA.:\0 discussed this subgenus and assigned 3 Indo-African forms and pos·sibly 2 South American species to thissubgenus. The followings are probalJly
added to them.
Pterotrigonia wb'a11ica (pars) Si:\Zow in S.\\ E·
LIEV. 1958. Up. Albian: l\l;.tnghys,·hlack.

Pterol rigonia subpii'Uormis S,wE 1.1 E \', 1958.
l:p. Albian: Manghyschlack.
Trigonia subz"entricosa STA:'>TO:X. 1901. Up.
Ncocomian; Patagonia.
P/emtrigonia (Riuetrigouia) yeh1rai. n. sp.
Cenomanian; Amakusa, Japan.
/'tero/rigonia (Riuelrigouia ?) sp. a & b by
KOBAYASIII and NAKA;o.;O. 1958. Aptian;Yatsushiro ditrict. Higo ProL Kumornato
Prcf.. Kyushu. Japan.

The shell form is almost invariable inthis subgenus. but the costation on theflank is fairly variable. The outline is
generally subtrigonal but lunate or cres·
centic in r:ztbanica (pars) and yelwrai, n.
sp. Costae on the anterior part of theflank are commonly tuberculate. whileyellarai. n. sp. and subpiriformis haveplain costae. The posterior costae areplain and \'ery slender in kraussi, but
Luberculate and fairly thick in salebrosa.
The median furrow is indistinct in large
forms. i.e. kraussi. salebrosa. and tuber·
mlifcra. but distinct in small ones. suchas. cubanica t pars). subpirifomzis. t•entricosa. and yeharai. n. sp.
Pterotrigonia cubanica (SI~ZOWJ in SA\'ELIEV ll958. pl. 34. figs. la-b. non figs.
2-6, is an interesting form. It is pro·bably a member of AcantlwtriJmnia. be·cause of obliquely costellate area. The
other illustrated forms !pl. 31. figs. 2-6)
possibly belong to this subgenus as canbe judged from the surface costation.
In Japan KoHAYASIII and NAKAl"O([958) reported from the occurrences ofa and b forms of Pterotrigonia (Rinetri·gonia ?1 in the Aptian Hinagu formationnear '{atsushiro-city. lligo Prov., Kuma·
motu Pref.. Kyushu. They are imperfect.
Pterotrif.[rmia tRinetrigoniaJ sp. nov. wasrecently collected from the middle 1\-lifune
group (Cenomanian) at !\liyanomoto,:\lifune·machi. J:l.igo Prov.. Kumamoto
Pref. It is closely allied to Pterotrigonia( Rinetrif.[rmia) z•entricosa !KRAUSS) from407.

On some Gvliakian Pterotrigoniae from Kyuslzu and Hol?kaido, Japanthe formation from Tithonian to Neocomian in India and the )ieocomian ofSouth Africa.
Distribution:-Tithonian to .. Middle
Cretaceous": India. Africa, South Arne·rica japan. and Caspian region.
Pterotrigonia i Riuetrigrmia)
yeharai. sp. no\·.
Pl. 13. Figs. 1-~.
1923.

Tri;;o11ia yokoyanwi var. YEtiARA. four.
pp. 7-8. pl.

Geo!. Soc. Tokyo. Fol. 30,
6. Jig. 8.

1923.

Trigmlia sakakurai \·ar. YI·:tiARA. japan.
four. Ceo/. Geogr.. Vol. 2. :Vo. 3. pp.
~~ -78. pl. 12. lig. 9.

Material :-Holotype. GH. NM. 3028a.
from the middle Croshonoura group at
Enokuchi in Goshonoura·jima, Amakusa·
gun. Higo Prov .. Kumamoto Pref. Para·
type. YEH,\RA's specimen 1!923a. pl. 6,
fig. 8: 1923b. pl. 12. fig. 9: JM. 10163).
from the Goshonoura group in Goshono·
ura-jima, but its exact horizon and locality is not well known. Beside this. M.
NAKA:"O's collections several imperfectunregistered specimens from the middle
Goshonoura group at Enokuchi in Gosho·
noura-jima.
Description :-Shell medium in size.
lunate to subtrigonal. inequilateral. broa·
der than high. rather strongly inflated
anteriorly and rostrate posteriorly ; an·terior margin rounded. passing gradual·
ly into broadly curved ventral which issometimes slightly sinuated near theposterior end; dorsal long and concave:siphonal margin well rounded. Umborather broad. fairly prominent ; beakopisthogyrous, located at about a thirdfrom the front. Carinae obscure except
near umbo. Area narrow near umbo.
but soon broadened and smoothed. Medi·an furrow fairly shallow but distinct.
Escutcheon wide, excavated, with broad·H5

ly spaced, feeble trans\·erse costellae.
Flank with numerous plain diagonal
costae ; 3 or so near umbo concentric tosubconcentric; next some 8 on the mostinflated part oblique, slightly sinuous andabruptly swollen toward vented: last
about 7 slended, nearly straight and firstoblique forward but subvertical later.
Ante-carina! depression shallow and in·
distinct.
Growth-lines somewhat distinct in an·
terior half of the flank. and sometimes
thickened at the intersections with ob·lique costae.
Remm·ks :-This species rather variable
in ontogenetic development. In the earlystage. when the shell is about 30 mm.
as long as high. its outline trigonallyovate and the beak located at about twofifths from the front. On the flank, theanterior intlated part is provided with
about 7 oblique diagonal costae and theposterior part with some 4 slender costae.
In the adult stage, the shell tL : about
50 mm., H: about 40 mm.) is subtrigonal
to crescentic in outline and the beak lies
at about anterior third. Except for theumbonal region 8 to 8 rather thick cos·tae arc on the anterior inflated part of
the flank and 8 to 9 slender ones on theposterior portion.
Holotype (L: 51.0 mm., H . 38.5 mm ..1 iscrescentic in outline and inflated anter·
iorly, but the paratype (L: 50.0 mm., H:
about 42.0 mm.) is subtrigonal and com·pressed.
Comparison:-The ornamentation on theflank is discrepant between the anterior
and posterior parts. Therefore this form
may be a member of Rillelrigonia rather
than Pterotrigonia s.s. In this aspect, it
is closely allied to Pterotrigauia (Rinetri·gonia) tuberculi./em (STOLICZKA) from the
Trichinopoly group in South India and
P. (R.) ventricosa (KRAUSS) from the formations from Tithonian to Neocomian of

A1itsuo NAK:L\D and Kyoiclziro N0-JI.4SO
India and the "Jeocomian of South Africa.
but differs by the presence of plain costae on the flank. This species is so in·
timately related to the immature formof Pterotri;.;ouia sakakurai IYEHARAJ fromthe Gyliakian (Cenomanian-Turonian) of
Amakusa in Japan. but easily distinguish·
ed by numerous costae on the flankwhere the posterior part is occupied byseveral slender costae. It is easily distinguishable from Pterotrigouia yokoyamai(YEHARA) from the \liyakoan iAptianAlbianl of \liyako district in North Japanby the inflated shell and the thick costae
on the c.nterior part of the flank. Ptero·
trigonia hrevicula (YEIIARA) resembles
this form. but differs by the bluntly
tuberculate costae on the flank.
Occurrence :-l'vliddle formation of the
Goshonoura group in Goshonoura· jima.
Amakusa-gun. Higo Prov.. Kumamoto
Pref .. Kyushu.

Pterotrigonia (Rinetrigonia) sp. nov.
Pl. 13. Fig. 3.

Material :-A single imperfect rightval\'e specimen (GK. H. 6057) was collected by H. OKADA from the middle l'vli·
fune group at Miyanomoto. }.lifune-machi,
Kamimasuki-gun, Higo Prov .. Kyushu.
Description-Shell rather small in size.
subtrigonal. inequilateral. a little broader
than high, inflated anteriorly and attenuate posteriorly: anterior margin rounded:
ventral margin not well traceable. but
presumably a broad sinuation exists on
the posterior part of the arcuate ventral ;dorsal margin long and nearly straightor slightly concave. Umbo rather broad
and prominent; beak opisthogyrous,
pointed at about anterior third. Flank
with numerous, slightly tuberculate costae; umbonal 4 or so concentric to subconcentric: next 6 costae on the mostinflated part of shell oblique. arcuate
diagonally and abruptly swollen toward

venter: last 4 thin, llexious and subvertical. Ante-carina! depression shallow,
broad and distinct. Carinae distinct nearumbo. bur obsolete in the later stages.
Area narrow and transversely costellate
in the early stage. but soon broadened
and smoothed. l'vledian furrow fairly
deep. disti net, and separates a broader
antcrial and narrO\ver posterial parts.
Escutcheon excavated, broad. with 10 ormore rather feeble transverse costellae
which are finely tuberculate.
Remarks and Comparison :-Costae on
the flank tend to be discrepant between
the anterior and posterior parts. In this
aspect, this form is closely allied to
Rinetrigonia. It has some resemblances
to P.! R.) oentricosa IKJ<AUSS'i in surface
sculpture and shell form, but is easily
distinguishable from the latter by arcuate costae on the flank and distinct tuberculation of the costae. This form isclosely allied also to P.l R.l tuberculifera!STOLICZKA). but differs in the small shelland indistinct tuberculation on the costaeof the flank. As compared with Ptero1rigonia subpi rifonnis SA v ELIE\' and P.
cubanica (SJ:\ZOW} (pars·; in SAVELIEV
from the upper Albian of \langhyschlack,its outline is more trigonal and the costae on the flank are less numerous.
Pterotrigonia (Riuetrigonia sp. a and b by
1\.0BAYASIII and NAKA-;O. 19;j8 from the
Hinagu formation (Aptian! of Kumamoto
Prefecture are similar to this form. but
the two formers are poorly preserved.
Pterotrigonia brel'icula (YEHARA, is similar
to this. but easily distinguishale from itby thicker costae and lunate outline.
O!:r:urreJU:e :-The illustrated specimen
is, if complete, 30 mm. long and 26 mm.
high. collected from the middle Mifune
group at l'vliyanomoto, iVIifune·machi,
Kamimasuki-gun. Higo Prov .. Kumamoto
Pref. Kyushu. Its age is probably early
Cenomanian.

407.

On some Gylial?ian Pterotrigoniae from Kyushu and IIoldwido, ]apan !l7

Heferencesi\1\DEnso:-:. F. M. (l%8):

Upper Cretaceousof the Pacific Coast. Geo/. Soc. .-!mer..
.1/em. 71. pp. l-378. pis. 1-75.
ARCHA:'\GEI.SK Y. A. D. (1!ll6) : Les l\lollusquesdu Crctacec superieur du Turkestan.
.1/em. Com. geol . •.,..'. Ser .. Lit>r. 152. Petersburg, pp. l-57. pis. 1-8.
Coss~rA~:-1. M. (l9U): Sur !'evolution desTrigonies. Ann. Patemzt .. Tom. 7, pp. 5784, pls. 14.
Cox. L R. (195~) : ).iotes on the Trigoniidae.
with Outlines of a Classification of the
Family. /'roc. Jllal. Soc. London. Vol. 29.
Pts. 2-3. pp. 45-70. pis. 3-4.
CRrCK:VIAY. C. H. (1932): Contribution towarda Monograph of the Trigoniidae. I. Amer.
four. Sci., Vol. 2.J. No. 1·14. pp. 443-464,
pis. 1-2.
FR[NF.IX, S. (1958): Contribution]'etudede Lemcllibranches <lu Cretace de ).iouvelle-Caledonie. Scirm:es de Ia Terre.
Tom ..J, Nos. 3--1. pp. 153-207. pis. 1-3.
YA:'-i HOEI'E:'-i, E. C. N. (Ul29): Die Krytfauna
van Soeloeland. 1. Trigoniidae. Nm•orsing
Nas. Mus. 1/loemfonlein. Dee/ 1. Stuk 1.
pp. 1-3H. pis. 1-7.
Jr~mo, K. (189·1): Bcitrilge zur Kenntniss derKreideformation von Hokkaido. Pat. Ab·
hand! .. N. F. Rd. 2. lit. 3. pp. 149-194.
pis. 17-25.
Jo:-;Es, D. L. (1960): Pelecypods of the genus
Pterolrigmzia from the west coast of
North America. four. Pa/aeont .. ·vo/. 34.
No. 3, pp. -133-·139, pls. 59-60.
KoHAYASIII. T. and M. NAKA:'\0 (1957): On
the Pterotrigoniidae. Japan. four. Ceo/.
Geogr .. Vol. 28. Nos. -1, pp. 219-238. pis.

a16-17.

- - and - - (1!158): The Lower and Middle
Cretaceous Trigonians in Wakayama.
Oita and Kumamoto Prefectures. We tjapan. Ibid .. Vol. 2Y. Nos. 1--3, pp. 139162, pis. ll-12.
N.-\I,Ai'O. M. (1960); Stratigraphic Occur·
renccti of the Cretaceous Trigoniids in
the Japanese Islands anti their Faunal
Significances. ]om·. ~·ci. 1/inJs/zima Uuir• ..
Ser. C. Fol. 3. ;Vo. 2. pp. 215-280. pis. 2330.
PACKARD. E. L. (1921): The Trigvniae fromthe Pacific Coast of ~orth America. Uniz,
Oregn Pub/., Vol. 1. No. !1, pp. 1-59. pis.
1-11.
SAVELlt::V. A. A. (1!158): Lower Cretaceous
Trigoniids from Manghyschlack and·western Turkmen. Leningrad. pp. 1-386.
pis. 1-58.
STOLICZKA, F. (1871) : Cretaceous Fauna ofSouthern India. Pal. Indica. S'er. 6. l'o/. 3.
pp. 1-537. pis. l-50.
STOYA;o.;ow, A. (19-19): Lower Cretaceous
Stratigraphy in Southern Arizona. Geo/.
Soc.. lmer., 1l1em. 38. pp. l-l51i. pis. 8-26.
WHITNEY. M. (1952): Some New l'elecypoda
from the Glen Rose Formation of Texas.
.Tour. Palaemzt., Vol. 26, .Vo. 5. pp. 697707, pis. 86-89.
Wooos. H. (1917): The Cretaceous Faunasof the North Eastern Part of the South
Island of New Zealand. New ZealandGeol. Sun• .. Palaeout. Bull .. No. l. pp. 141. pis. 1-19.
YEII.\RA. S. (1915): The Cretaceous Trigoniae
from Miyako and Ilokkaido. Sci. Rep.
Tolwku Imp. Unit• .. 2ud Ser .. Vol. 2, No.
2, pp. 35-44. pis. 1-2.
- - (1923a) : Cretaceous Trigoniae from
Amakusa Islands. Prov. Higo. Kyushu,
Japan. four. Geol. Soc. Tokyo, l'ol. 30,
pp. 1-12, pls. 4-7.
(1923) : Cretaceous Trigoniae fromSouthwestern japan. Japan. four. Geo/.
Geogr, Vol. 2. No. 3, pp. 59-84, pis. 8-13.
- - (1931) : Trigoniae in japan. Iumwmi
Lecture Series. Geology am/ Palaeontology(in Japanese).

Mitsuo lYAKAl\0 mul l(voiclziro NWviA:\nExplanation of Plate 13(All natural size)

Plerotrigouia (Rinetrigouia) yelwrai. sp. nov. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .......................... p. 95
Fig. 1. Modelling cast of a left valYc (paratype. YEIIARA's specimen; JM. 10163).
Loc. Goshonoura-jima, Higo Prov .. Kumamoto Pre£.
Fig·. 2a-b. Gypsum cast of a left valve (holotype, GIL NM. 3028a). Loc. Enokuchi in
Goshonoura-jima.
Pterotrigonia (Rinelrigonia) sp. nov. . . . . . . . .
. ...................... p. 96
Fig. 3. Modelling cast of an imperfect right valve (GK. H. 6057). Loc. Miyanomoto,Mifune-machi, Higo Prov., Kumamoto P1ef.
Pterotrigonia brericula (YEHARA)..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 91
Fig. 4. Right valve (GH. NM. 1051). Loc. along the Pombetsu river, about 1km. abovefrom the lkushumbetsu coal-mines. Ikushumbetsu. Mikasa-city. Central 1-Iokkaido.
Figs. 5a-b. An imperfect right valve (GH. NM. 1053a), showing the costation on the
escutcheon. Loc. ditto.
Fig. 6. An immature left valve (GH. NM. 1058). Loc. ditto.
Fig. 7. Modelling cast of an imperfect left valve (GH. NM. 1054b). Loc. ditto.
Fig. 8. Modelling cast of a ~eft valve (GH. N!vl. 1054a). Loc. ditto.
Pterotrigonia sakakurai (YEIIARA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 93
Fig. 9. l'vlodelling cast of an imperfect left valve (GH. NM. Ps-01). Loc. Koshiji in
Goshonoura-jima. Higo Prov .. Kumamoto Pref.
Fig. 10. Modelling cast of a right valve (lectotype, JM. 10171). Loc. Goshonoura-jima.

NAKANO and N UMANO :Gyliakian Pterotrigonia

Plate 13

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 43. pp. 99-104. pl. l4. Sept. 25, 1961

-108.

THE STRATIGRAPHICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE VARIATIONOF FOSSIL BATILLARIA MULTIFORMIS (LISCHKEJ
IN SOUTH KANTO. JAPAN*
JO]l NAGASAWA
Inst. Earth Sci .. Tokyo Gakugei Universityjijf)!JJH!llHtE?: .::.:ro:>~~o:>~uc-7:n9~'ll<: =.o:>~r~a~•.lf:~:b.tU:St'le.1E~~o:>?'.::. -rQJ~~~Wl!f L. it~ r,. : .::. :t-Q)%~7.l:r;!Usma-~cot~llltlll~ll'fo:>J-.ilf. c. -rm:c. -et~.
.o=. c3Z.~im~~~t:illQ)J#!lil.llR~o:>r7' .::.-rQ)JI*]igtJ'.f1.trnF.!'Ill'fQ)-FffJ..t 'J IH.o t,Q)t;:-ftL-.:1, • .0-:. c :t-o .t U'P."B31*o:>:*.-t.:lttb ·l?lli 7.> •7 .; .::. 7- QJ~)!M• I? ':'HHI\no:>kiiut.l:QJ(\L~~ ttff~/£ L.
.t; c:l>\.l,o,t..:iQ)"(;b<>.
.;J<
.lfii
t>:

w

Introduction
In this paper the \\Titer demonstrates
that the Pleistocene Narita group INAKAGAWA 1960; NAGASAWA. 1960) in south
Kanto. Japan. can be di,·ided stratigraphically into the upper and lower partsby the variation in shell form of Batillaria multiformis (LISCHKE), and suggests
the horizon of the Byobugaura formation (MAKIYA:'-.IA, 1931) distributed in thenorthern border of ]\!iura Peninsula andthe Miyata formation (SUZUKI, 1932; FuJITA. 1951 ; !!IGUCHI. 1954; l\IAKINO, 19601
distributed in the central part of it.
South Kanto of Japan.
Thanks are due to Dr. I. HA YASAKA.
the president of Shimane University forhis general suggestions.
Shell Form of B. multiformis
Late Dr. OTUK A (1929. p. 379) collected several fossil specimens charact·erized by haYing the prominent sub·* Received March 9. 1961: read Jan. 15.
1961.

sutural tubercles. belonging to B. multi·
from the so-called Naganuma
fourth zone (the Byobugaura formation)and considered them to be a new variety
as he named B. mult~fonnis yamadensis.
Dr. TAKI figured three variants (T AKI.
1937. p. 16. pl. 16, fig. 3) of B. multiformis
in his book " Illustrated I\larine Shells
in Natural Colours··. among which one
variant with tubercles agrees with B.
multiformis yamadensis by OTUKA.
The writer. from his careful observations, divides Recent and fossil B. multiformis into three types according to thecondition of the development of subsu·
tural tubercles: Type A without subsutural tubercles except for the body whorl.
type C with prominent and often angularsubsutural tubercles on almost all whorls,
and intermediate type B. But, the above
mentioned three forms are considered to
be a variation of B. multiformis.
According to IlAYASHt's observation(1956. p. 58) which was performed in thel\1idori river. Kumamoto Prefect., Japan,
in the brackish water. the \lelanian is
ornamented· with sharp spiral threads
and longitudinal ribs. Bul. in the fresh

formisJoii iV.-lc.t-;.-twA

100

tlwmasia lit! CROSSE.

water, its surface is nearly smooth andhe suggested that the salinity has agreat influence upon its ornamentation.
According to the writer's study (19GOB) in Tokyo Bay and at the Kita-ura,!lime Island. ()ita Prefect.. japan. it appears that there is the same relation as
described above. between the depth orsalinity and the development of spiralridges on the shell surface of Raprma

The writer collected many specimens
of C type of Recent and fossil B. multiformis from the muddy bottom of the
Totoro Bay. ~liyazaki Prefect.. the Byobugaura formation (muddy facies). Kanagawa Prefect.. the Sahama silt (1\.oIIA YASHI. I942), Sh izuoka Prefect., theKusanagi silt (TSlJCHI, 1955l. Shizuoka
Prefect..

Table I.
- - -No. ofLocality : indiv.
- -

1

Ko.

2

---

Type B
%

50

90

10

Large form

Rock

I

•r
-::J

so

20

L i.

Silt

L. f. and small form

Sand

S.f. and medium f.

Gravelly s.

S. f. and Ill. f.

F.s.

I

No.

3

10

100

No.

4

30

100

-N~~~

28

100

No. 6*

;,

so

i

100

42

83

7*

No.

Type C
%

i

Size

~--

No.

8

No.

9*

3

No. 1060

I'i

L f. and s. f.

20

S. f.

S.f.

17

33

67

63

30

42

No~i

120

No. 12

42

93

7

81

8

50

No. 13

I

I

58

-!2

Rock

L f.

1

L f. and s. f.
----

Bottom sedimentsof habitate

%

r

I

No.

Type A

Rock. sand-L. f. and s. f.

1

Muddy sediments

s f.

S.

L f. ami s. f.

Boulders* Dead shell
Locality No. L
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

S .. r.

Northeast of l\-labori. Yokosuka City.
Sio-hama. Kawasaki City.
Coast. of Makuwari. Chiba Prefect..
Kurozuna. Chiba City. Col!. l\litio SL-zl'I\J.
Kohama. Kisarazu City.
Tomiura, Chiba Prefect ..
Ta1cyama Bay, Chiba l'refect..
Kurosa'ki ncar Simo-miyata. Miura Peninsula.
Coast of Nishina. Izu Peninsula.
Inou. north of Nisiura, Atumi Bay.
Totoro Bay. Miyazaki Prefect..
Nakatu City, (lita Prefect..
Shimabara. Nagasaki l'refcct..

4 08.

101

Fossil Batillaria multijormis (LJs·cHI\.F)

The muddy bottom of the shore is notessential factor which produced C typebecause many individuals of C typewere collected from both muddy bottomof the one shore (the Totoro Bay) andgravelly bottom of the other iShimabara).
Experimental investigations are necessary for the solution of the cause which
produced C type. although it seems thatit concerns with rather highly saline
water.

Type of /1. mulliformis in Tokyo
Bay and the PrehistoricTokyo Bay

Table 1 shows the frequency of three
types of Recent Japanese B. multiformis.
As may be noticed from Table 1, typeof B. llllllt£(ormis in Tokyo Bay is generally A.

Table 2.

No. ofLocality . _indiv.

Type C%Type A!!G

Si7.C

Lithofacies

I

No. 1
No. 2

!

18

9~

6

Srnal I form.

fine sand

1

8

25

75

S. f .. medium I.

F. s .. silt

3

70

30

S.f.

F. s.

100

S.f.

F.-coarse s.

100

S. f.

? Silt

lOU

S. f.

F. s.

Medium i .. s. f.

f. s.

:\o. 3--_I

No. ·1

---

I

i--

No.-5\ ___ _:_No. 6 .
No.

6

7~-~24

No. 8 ,

6

~--96

-l
- - - - -

83

17

---

Large f.. s. f.

F. s., silt

Locality No. 1. The new drainage-pass of the ~aka river. Edogawa-ku. Tokyo City.
Coil. Yosiro KITA\IL"K.-\ and the writer.
2. Hana-batake-machi. Adachi-ku. Tokyo City. Coli. i\1. ScztKI and the writer.
3. Sio-hama. Kawasaki City.
'1. Kear the Kohoku bridge, Adachi-ku, Tokyo City. Coli. l\1. Suzt-KI.
5. South of Higashi-hakuraku station. Kanagawa Prefect ..
6. North of tvlakuwari. Chiba Prefect..
7. Dezu. Chiba City.
8. Coast of Sanuki-machi, Chiba Prefect..

Table 2 shows the frequency of two
types of fossil B. multijonnis from older
Holocene deposits of the environs ofTokyo: Deposits of the PrehistoricTokyo Bay.
As may be noticed from Table 2. typeof B. mu/tiformis in the Prehistoric Tokyo
Bay seems to be generally A.

102]oji 1VAGrlSAWA
Table 3.
The northarn border of the Miura Peninsula==·~N~~=-

Formation

I~~-~~=---

cj'

Type 1 Tvpe I Type
Range ofI L h f .
indiv.! A %I B.% I C % l~leif{ht (in mm>/.__~ o acJe~-

Local it"0>~:~t ! Si~osueyos~~~:~na

7

57

1

1

1 43

__ j_

;~;;,· i Byobugaura
I,~Uslroyamada.
, Jnarivato.
I Byobugaura

16

I ~ine sand.

18+-2_3+:
small torm

1

-

--. -

19

81

silt

3+_ 34+ : ~-~ine san~.
2

s. f. and large

t.l s!ltd.
mediumsan

The: south~rn part of the Miura Peninsula).Jiyata

Okine

62

23+-30+:s. f. and L f.

24

ti5

11

S'It
1
1

The B6s6 Peninsula (Narita Group)' Hossaku
Izumi, l\latudo

Kiorosi
· Up.
part

8
Jriyamazu

Medium sand

Iil+-22+:s. f.

1- :!5+: s. f.

Fine sandcoarse s.
Fin.: sandI

Taturiokuchi- Tatunokuchi.
Kiyokawa shell Kiyokawa,
1 beds (Yabu F.) Knmiizumi
1

Atebi- shell bed Atcbi
Low. , (Zizod6 F.)
I

23

I

-?

-~~

1

part 1 Nishiyatu up·
per shell be~

Mizumoto,
Nishiyatsusilt
Il Sanuki(Sasage

Coast of
Sanuki-machi

25-- --- ~
.1
50
I

9

3~- --9-~- 18.+-28+;I__- - I 12~--'--

F.)

1

100

--

---'----

37

63

I

. Iriyamazu
shell bed

1·--1- - - - - -Bovatu shell
bed

I- -

15+-18+:
s. f.

100

33

!-

i_ _ _s.J. and I. f.
I

75

27 +:
j s.:! 3f.+and I. f.

Fine sand-.s_ii_t_ __Sand--~- 6+,.:~1· Mediu~

502.,.. '
s. f. and I. f.

sand

I iine ~and233
8
23 T~~~~
f+- d + f: -~ine sands. . an 1. .

--·---+ denotes wear of a shell
Type of B. multil'ormis fromthe Narita GroupAs may he noticed from Table 3. fromthe upper part of the Narila group of
the Boso Peninsula and also the Shimo·sueyoshi formation which is an extension of it. small adult forms of type A
and type 13 are collectecl, but dominantly type C containing large form.
from the lower part of l he Narita group.
The above fact may probably be con·sidered as a result based mainly on theecological change of B. mulliformis.
Type of B. multiformiH fromthe Byobugaura Formation

From the table 3. the writer points out
the fact that types and size of B. multi·
formis from the Byobugaura formation
which is correlated with any horizon of
the lower part of the Narila group fromthe stratigraphical standpoint also coincide with that from the lower part. espe·

408.

Fossil Batillaria multiformis (L!SCHKE)

cially the Zizodo. Nishiyatsu and Sasage
formations. of the :-.Jarita group.
Probable Horizon of the
Miyata Formation
The exact stratigraphical position ofthe ~liyata formation which is uncon·
formahly overlain by the :\lusashino loam
correlated recently by the writer, in the
Pleistocene series, as far. is unknown.
but it is not impossible to correlate the.lvliyata formation containing mainly
type B and type C, with any horizon of
the lower part of the Narita group owing
to the accordance with types and sizeof B. multzformis.
References
FuJITA, Y. (1951), On the Mechanism of
Sedimentation of Miyata Formation. four.
Geol. Soc. Japan, Vol. 57. 1Vo. 664. pp. :.!1 ..
28.

HAYASHI. Y. (1956), On the Variation ofCorbicula due to Environmental Factors.
Vc1111S. Tlol. 19, No. 1, pp. 54-60.
IIIGUCIII. Y. (1954), Fossil Foraminifera from
the Miyata Formation, Miura Peninsula,
Kanagawa Prefect .. four. Ceo[. Soc. jap.
Vol. 60, No. 703. pp. 138-144.
KoBAY,\SIII. K. (1942), Pleistocene Stratig·
raphr around Lake Hamana. ]our. Ceo!.

Soc. Jap., Vol. 49. No. 581. pp. 326-331.
]. (1931). The Pleistocene De·
posits of South Kanto. Japan. japan.
]our. Ceo!. Geog .. Vol. 9. pp. 21-53.
M.-\KIM>, T. (1960). Fossil Biocoenosis in the
Miyala Formation. !'art 1. four. Geol.
Soc. fapall. Vol. 66. No. 718. p. 457.
NAI\AGA w A, H. (1960), On th2 Stratigraphyof Jizodo and Yabu iormations. four.
Ceo{. Soc. japan. Vol. 66, .Vo. ;';'6. pp. 305310.
N.\GASAWA, ]. (1960-A). On the GeologicalAge of Afenyalllhes Hearing Beds in theSouth;,;rn Kanto Region. ]our. Ceol. Soc.
japan. Vol. 66, .Vo. 771. pp. 384-392.
- - (1960-B), On the Variation of Rapana
thomasiana CRossE in the Pleistocene
Formations of the Boso Peninsula. Sd.
Rep. Tolwku Unit• .. Sendai. 2nd Ser. (Geol.)
Spel'. Vol .. J\io ·1. pp. 502-508.
OTI:KA. Y. (1930), On th·~ Stratigraphy of theNorthern Part of the Miura Peninsula
and the variation of thz Shore-Line in
the Latest Geological Age in the Southern
Part of Kanagawa Prefect.. jour. Ceo/.
Soc. Japan. Vol. 37, No. J.J:!, pp. 3-13-386.
SuzL'KI, K. (1932). On the Pliocene Series ncar
Atsuki. Kanagawa Prefect.. Part 2. ]our.
Ceo/. Soc. japan. Vol. 39. No. 462, pp.
97-132.
TAKI. I. (1937). Illustrated Marine Shells in
Natural Colours. 81 pp., 60 pis.
Tst'CIIJ, R (1955). On the Depositional Condition of the Kusanagi l'v1ud, the Pleis·
tocene Bed. Shizuoka. Japan. Rep. Lib . .-lrt.
Foe. Shizuoka Unit•. Fol. 1. No. 7. pp. 61-68.
MAKIYA~IA,

lO·lExplanation of Plate 1-!
Bali/laria mulliformis (LtSCHKE)
Figs. 1-·1. Type A. Kikuna.
Figs. 5-7. Type B. Kikuna.
Figs. 8-9. Type A. Hossaku.
Figs. 10-14. Type A. B6yatu. cast of Chiba City.
Figs. 15-17. Type B. B6yatu.
Fig. 18. Type B. Iriyamazu.
Figs. 19-21. Type A. cliff. 1. 3 km cast of Kiyokawa station.
Figs. 22-23. Type B. cliff. l. 3 km cast of Kiyokawa station.
Figs. 24-25. Type C. Atebi.
Fig. 26. Type C, Mizumoto. near Kisarazu City.
Figs. 27-28. Type C. Sanuki silt.
Fig. 29. Type B. Inariyato.
Figs. 30-31. Type B, Ushiroyamada.
Figs. 32-39. Type C. Ushiroyamada.
Figs. 40-42. Type A. Okine.
Figs. 43-49. Type C, Okine.
Figs. 50-52. Type C. Kusanagi silt.
Figs. 53-57. Type C. Totoro Bar.
Figs. 58-61. Type B. lnou. north of Nisiura. Atumi Bay.
Figs. 62-66. Type A. Northeast of Mabori. Yokosuka City.

NAGASAWA:

Fossil Batillaria multijormis (LISCHKE)

Plate 14

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. N. S .. No. 43. pp. 105-112. pl. 15. Sept. 25. 1!l61

409.

LOWER PER?IIIAN BRYOZOA FROM .liiiHARAKO. TAISIIAKU
PLATEAU. SOUTHWESTERN JAPAN*
St:!\IIO SAKAGA~Il
Department of G::ology, Ilokkaido Gakugei University
andSABCRO AKAGI
Institute of Geology and lVIineralogy Tokyo University of Education*.fl~ fi 11( -!Eh"> ±t!!::::.r~¥. !I! rt4\: f m: =:1Hc~¥ .!.l:Ht fi : :::.Ill<: i! hH? 1HJii¥.!1; ~ t.t t:o.':l jt <(7) it :u ;'/·
ffi-Tr.,n:.: .1. -e;tP.':P..ftli 5 N!Z.~~l f.:o .:.it.!?Q) ·) ~t <1:: Po/ypora eliasi n. S[>. v')**lttf'lf.t.:O.'f~&G"

A.1wstomopora 1111:: "?t ·"'C Q)f\tif..t~:t-;.: (;; ., '!':..,

Jfi. J: ill'j( . -m-

J{;

ilf>

to Mr. !sao :'\JSIIIKA\\':\ of Yuki-machi.
jinseki·gun. Hiroshima Prefecture. forhis kind information and guidance tothe fossil locality. and Professor 1\.otora
HATAI of the Tohoku University for hiskindness in reading this manuscript.

Introduction and AcknowledgementH
Although tlwre are many reports on
the geology and paleontology of the saidarea by YOSHI:-\0 11931:. Ft:JL\JOTO '191-1.,
YABE \19.t8i. YoKOYA\IA 11957, 1960).
ENoo U957). 1\.oNISIII (19!i0J. and AK:\GI(1958a. 1958h). no description has yet
been made of the bryozoan fossils.
In this an ide. the writers describe
some Permian Bryozoa collected from
the Miharano formation distributed in
ivliharano. in the eastern part of the
Taishaku district. Tojo-machi. Hida-gun.
Hiroshima Prefecture. Southern Japan.
Here the writers express their sincere
thanks to Dr. IIaruyoshi FUJIMOTO. Professor Emeritus of the Tokyo Universityof Education for his kind advice and encouragement throughout the course of
the present study. Thanks are also clue

Remarks on the Stratigraphy
AKAGI (1958) investigated the geology
and paleontology of the Permian rocks
distributed in the eastern part of the
Taishaku district. and recognized four
lithologic units, which in descendingorder are as follows :Arito formation: Alternation of sandstoneand shalt:. graywacke type s:mdstone interbcdding conglomeratic limestone or
lenticular dark gray limestone breccia.
) ·abeina shiraireaensis, Lepidoli11a sp .. Rauserella sp .. corals. brachiopods.
·······-conformity·····
Ippaimizu formation: Dark gray massive
limestone, dark gray conglomeratic limestone. Marginal lithofacies change into

* Received April 7. 1961; read May 13,
1961.

105

106

Sumio SAK.4GA11l and Saburo AK.4Gl

non-calcareous rocks.
Neoscluva!fcrina
craticulifera, Verbeekina l'erbeeki. Pseudodo/iolina ozatmi, minor foraminifera,
corals. bryozoa.
. ·····unconformitY······
Uyamano formation: Crystallized lime·stone. oolitic white limestone corr;:latiYe
with the Parafusu/ina zone. The north·ern part yields many Schwagerina andParafusulitza in the same horizon.
... · · · · · conformity. · · · ·Miharano formation : White compact massive limestone. in places bioclastic lim;:·stone. Pse11doschu,agerina. Triticites. P.~eu·
dofusn/ina. corals. molluscs. brachiopods.
trilobites. bryozoa. etc.

The lVIiharano formation which is thelowest unit is classified into three sub·zones, namely Pseudofusuliua laotmri sub·zone. Pse/1(/osclnNI!Ierina miharanoensis
subzone. and Triticites nishi/zat('(Ji subzone
in descending order.

Locality and ~lode of Occurrenceof the Bryozoa
The specimens of bryozoa occur fromthe massive limestone of the Trilidles
nislzikawai subzone exposed in the south·
ern slope of l:Vliharano at about 1000
meters north of the jufukuji-temple of
Shimen·G()tani. Tojo-machi. Hiba-gun.
Hiroshima Prefecture. They were foundin the compact white massive limestonewhich consists of a clear calcire matrix.
and associated with smaller forarnini·fers. corals. brachiopods. molluscs andthe other invertebrate fossils. which
could be easily separated from the matrix.
The best specimens are from the locality
no. M-002.
The Miharano fauna occurs in dense
arrangement in the rocks. They are
well preserved in close contact with one
another retaining their entire outer shells
or occur as casts and molds, which stillpreserve their external sculpture.

This subzone yielded Triticites nis!ti·/lawai AKAGI (1\lS), T. subobsole/us. T.
simplex. T. sp .. Amblysiplronella yoshinoi,
il. cf. diclmtoma, Sty!idophyllum yo/zoyrnnai
tertioseptum. f-luangia misakensis. crinoid
gen. et sp. indet., Az,iw/opectcn sp., An·
mt!iconr.lw sp. Pleurotomaria sp., Agatlzi·
ceras sp., Leptodus sp., Ric!tt!tofellia sp ..
Squamu/aria sp .. Spirifer sp.. TVaageno·
tonc!ta sp., Cyclus .iaponicus (l\!S). andl'seudopliyl/ipsia sp. besides others. The
bryozoa described in this article occur
in association with the above mentioned
fossils.

Remarks on the Bryozoan Fauna
The following bryozoan species werediscriminated from the Triticites nishi·
ka:1.·ai subzone of the Miharano formation.
Fistulipora miliamnoensis SAK:\CA:'\11
and AKAGI. n. sp.
Batoslomel/a sp. indet.
Fenestella Dlin.ilya) laishakuensis SAKA·
GAI\ll and AKAGI, n. sp.
Polypora e/iasi SAKAGAMI and _\KAGI n.
sp.
.·luastomupora orimlalis SAKAGAI\1! andAKAGI. n. sp.
Streblascopora lineata SAKAGA:'\11 andAKAGI. n. sp.
Fistulipora miharmzoensis n. sp. com·pared with previously known species isnearest to F. compacta CROCKFORD which
was reported from the Calceolisf;on!Jia
Stage of the Wandagee Series (correlated
to the late Artinskian to upper Kungrian
by CJWCI\FORD (1951)) in Western Aust·ralia. Fimestella taishalzuensis n. sp. may
be an ancestral form of Fenestella rlwm·
boidea NIKIFOROVA which was reported
from the zone of Pamfusulina anderssoni
rChernaiarechka zone) (by ELIAS and
CoxnRA 11957)). Polypora eliasi n. sp ..
finaslomoj>ora orit:nlalis n. sp. anrl Stre·h!ascopora linea/a n. sp. are considered409.

Lmcer Permian Bryozoa from 1.Hiharano, Taish:~ku Plateau

to be important for consideration of thegeological age. Po/ypora eliasi n. sp.
belongs to the Group of P. el/ipticrr by
ELIAS (1937) and if ELIAS opinion iscorrect, the present species may indicate
an age corresponding to latest Uralian
to Sakumarian. Anastomopora orielltalis
n. sp. may be correlated with Anastomopora fwrealis (STl.iCKENBER<;) which wasreported from the lower Permian (P 1) of
Timan. USSH. StreblascojJOra linea/a n.
sp. is easily distinguishable from theother species in the genus, but the present genus is not known before the lower
Permian. From the above mentioned
facts. it is considered that the limestone
may at least correspond to the lower
Permian from the bryozoan fauna.
Repositm:v :-All of the specimens r reatcd in this paper arc preserved in thecollection of the Geological and !\lineralogical Institute. Tokyo University of
Education.

10"7

like near surface. In inner zone of tangential section. vesicular tissue irregu·
larly polygonal. One or two rows ofvesicles occur in interspaces between
zooecial tubes. Lunariurn very weak or
absent. Thick diaphragms straight orslightly concan.'. develop frequently,
usually 6 in 2 mm of zooecial tube.
Remarks:- The present form is charac·
teristic in the irregular and coarse vesi·
cular tissue. In this character. it issomewhat resembles Fistulipora compacta
CROCKFORD (19,11) which was reported
from the Calceolispongia stage of the
Wandagee Series in Western Australia.
However, the present form differs from
F. I'Ompada by I he shorter diameter ofthe zooccial tube.
Reg. no. 22212 1 holotype).

Batostome!la sp. indet.
Pl. 15. fig. 7.

Description of Species

Fistulipora miharanoe11sis SAKAGi\!\ll
and AKAGI, n. sp.
l' I. 15, fip;s. 3, ·I.

A single obliquely longitudinal section.
The material can be separated easily
from the previously described species of
the genus. The material is a part ofa small ramose zoarium. about 4 mm
wide and 9 mm long. Zooecium oval. its
longer diameter 0.28 mm to 0.32 mm, andshorter diameter 0.24 mm to 0.2H mm.
and usually 2.5 to 3 zooecia in 2 mm.
Interspaces between zooccial tubes measure 0.28 mm to 0.32 mm. but occasionallyattached to each other. Vesicular tissue
thin·walled. irregular and coarse in innerzone of longitudinal section. but gradually becomes slightly thicker-walled,
smaller and quadrilateral or fish-scale:\ single section longitudinal to tangential. From the longituginal section.
it is known that the zoarium is ramose.
its diameter about 4 mm. Zooccial tube
circular or oval. 0.14 mm to O.l6mm indiameter near surface. Mesopore seldom
occurs. its diameter about 0.08 mm. Interspaces between zooecial tubes very
wide in the outer part of mature region.
.Many minute acanthopores arranged at
random and regular in size. 0.004 mm to
0.006 mm. Diaphragms present, but notcounted owing to unfavorably oriented
section.
Remarks:-The present from is representd by a single section of an ill-preserved specimen insufficient for specificidentification. A larger number of specimens are necessary for comparison
with the previously described species.
Reg. no. 22233.

108

Sumio S:IK.-IG.{Jfl and Saburo AK.4GI

Fenestella (Minilya) laislwkuensis
SAKAGA.\ll and :\K.\GI. n. sp.
Pl. 15, fig. 8: text-fig. l.

Zoarium fan-shaped. consists of straightbranches connected by dissepiments atregular intervals. Branch 0.16 mm to00form at upper level. Zooecial tube bending outward. Carina prominent. with
two rows of zigzag nodes. Diameter ofnode 0.032 mm to 0.010 mm. 4-1 to -18 inin 5 rnm length of branch. Distance
bet ween nodes about 0.06·1 mm.
Meshwnrll formula :-25-'26/22-21//-14-

48*.
Remarlls :-The present form may be
included into the Group IX tFellestellaplummeme Group) by ELIAS and Co~DRA( 1957), and is very close to Fenestellarlwmboidea NtKJFOI<OV:\ in the externalfeatures and stabilization of dissepiments
in relation to apertures. However. thepresent species may be an ancesl ral formof F. rhomboidea. as it has finer meshwork formula (in F. rhomboidea 18-20/
18-19/ /19-20/38-40).
Reg. nos. 22234 (holotype), 22235.

Po/ypnra eliasi SAK.-\GA.\11 andAKAGI, n. sp.
Pl. 15, figs. 1. 2: text-fig. 2.

Text-fig. 1. Fcnestella (!llinilya) faishalwen·
sis SAIC\GA~ll and AKAGI, n. sp. Tangen·tial section, Reg. no. 22235.

0.21 mm in width and 25 to 26 in 10 rnm
horizontally. \Vidlh of dissepiment 0.08
mm to 0.11 mm. Fenestrule ellipsoidal
or rectangular with rounded corners inoutline, its width and length O.lfi mm to0.21 mm and 0.32 mm to 0.37 mm, respec·
tivcly. Number of fcncstrules 22 to 2-1
in 10 rnm vertically. Zooecial apertures
0.08 mm to 0.09 rnm. 22 to 24 in 5 mm
length of one row. usually 2 apertures
per fenestrule: sharply triangular .at
middle level of branch and of kidney-like

Zoarium fan-shaped. consists of straight branch:>s currnected by dissepirnents
al regular intervals. Branch 0.24 mm ro
0.48 mm in width and H to 15 in 10 mmhorizontally.
Width of dissepimentnboul 0.16 mm. Fenestrule ellipsoidal orrectangular with rounded corners in outline. its width and length 0.32 mm to0.43 mm and 0.80 mm to 0.85 mm, respectively. Number of fenestrules 9 to 10
in 10 mm vertically. Zooecial aperture
circular in shape and arranged in alternating longitudinal series, usually 3 rows
on each branch. but four rows before
bifurcation which subsequently split in·* 25-2:>: branches in 10 mm of width oi
zoarium. 22-2-!: fenestrul"'s in 10 mm oflength of zoarium. 22-24: zooecia in 5 mmof length of branch. 4-1-48: nodes in 5 mmof length of branch.

409.

Lou·er Permian Bryozoa from Milzarano, Taislzalm Plateau

Text-fig. 2. l'o/ypora eliasi ~AKAGAMI andn. ~p. Tangential section, Reg. no.

:\KAGI

22237.

to two on each side of two new branches.
18 to 20 in !'i mm length of one row, :3
w 4 apertures per fenest1ule; ohliqueoval or rectangular with rounded corners
at lower level of branch. of kidney-likeform at middle level and circular at
upper le,·el. Diameter of zooecial apertures 0.096 mm to 0.104 mm and distance
between zooccial apertures 0.128 mm tolOD

0.16 mm. Diameter of node CJ.O.IQ mm to
0.0!12 m111. 18 to 20 nodes in 5 m111 lengthof one row. and distance between
nodes 0.16111111 to 0.26 mm. Line separating rows of zooecia appearing nearlystraightly. but undulating at lower level.
Tissue bet ween zooecial apertures composed fine and closely arranged granules .
.Huslm:orll formula :-1-l-15/9--lO/ /18-::?0/18-20.
Remarks: -The present form has notbeen observed form the ob,·erse surface.
Howe,·er, the reverse surface and thinsection arc suflicient for study.
The present form is included into theGroup of /'olyjJora el!iptira by ELIAS (1931).
ELIAS discussed the evolutionary change
in the PolyjHJrtt elliptica Group and concluded that the zoarium shows homogeneous expansion with the ad\·ance ofgeologic time. the distance bet ween the
branches. fcnestrules and zooecia being
gradually increased from the smallest inI'. dlijJ/i1:1f of the i\llis~ouri Series to thelargest in P. lripliseriata of 1he Permianof Timor. The table shows the measurments for comparison of the present
from and the previously described species of the group. The present form
can be easily distinguished form P. tri·

Table l. Comparison of the Species b;;longing to l'olyjJOra elliPtiw Grot~p.

-----=-==
Species

Distance between

Age

Locality

Branches 'Fcnestrulcs Zooeda
P. tripliseriala

Timor

Artinskian

0. S'i'

II

1. 25

0. 31

j~

P. eliasi n. sp.

Taishaku,
Japan

Sakumarian(\Volfcampian)
'

0.80

I

---- I

P. e/liptica mut. j)

Howard limestone
KansasVirgil Series
Wabaunsee Group

0. 'i"i'P. el/iplica (s. s)

Orcad limestone
KansasVirgil Series
Shawnee Grotlp

0. 69

Missouri Series

0. 64

I
·I'

1. OS

0. ~9

1. 02

0. 27

0.81

0.26

0. 77

0.25

-

~·---

P. elliptica mut. "Drum limestone
Kansas1

110

Sumio S.-!KA.G!IJII and Saburo AKAGI

p!iseriala by the smaller distances between
the branches, fenestrules and zooecia :and is nearest to P. e!liptica mut. fl ELIAS
which \Vas reported from the Wabaunsee
Group of Kansas but is slightly larger
in the measurements.
Reg. nos. 22236 tholotype), 22231.
Auaslmuopora orienta/is SAK:\G.-\\11
and AKAGI, n. sp.
Pl. 15. figs. 9, 10; text-fig. 3.

Zoarium forming reticula e expansion.
consisting of anastomosing branches.
\\'idth of branch 0.60 mm to 0.68 mm andabout 'i branches in 10 mm. horizontally.
Fenestrules variable in shape. OYal.
rounded rectangular or rhomboidal: but
relatively regular in size. Width andlength of fenestrule 0.12 mm to LOO mm

.

-

~-

Text-fig. 3. AllaSfomopora orimlalis S.\1:.-\G,\~11 and AKAGI. n. sp.
Tangemial s<:t:tion.
Reg. 1:0. 2223\l.

and 1.-!0 mm to 1.6-1 mm. respeccively:
usually -1.5 fenestrules in 10 mm, vertical. ly. Zooecial apertures arranged in alternating longitudinal series, usually 4 to!i rows on each branch. but occasionally
3 rows of zooecia. Near obverse surface.
section of zooccia oval in shape, its diameter 0.096 mm to 0.112 mm and distance
between zooecial tubes measured along
longitudinal row 0.16 mm to 0.192 mm,
but bEcomes sharply rhomboidal at middle to lower level of branch. Occasionally, zooecial tubes arranging into two
outer rows which seem to bend outwards.
Thick stereom covering the reverse side.
No capillary developed.
llfeslzwork formula :-1(1.5//15? /4-S*.
Remarks :-\>Vith regard to the genus
Anaslomopora and Neteporidra, discussions
have been given by NICKLES and 13ASSLER(1900) and NIKIFOJWVA (l~m)). The genus
Retej>Oridra was proposed by NICKLES andBASSLER ( 1900) for Reteporr•ffa which wasestablished by SJMPSOl\ ( 1895), because
it was preoccupied a generic name of a
recent organism by Bus!\ (1883). and atthat time, At~astomopora was included in
the newly established genus Reteporidra
as a synonym. However. later BASSLER(1953) reestablished the generic name
.4.nas/omopora in so far as it was proposed prior to the name Reteporidm.
On the other hand, NIKIFOIWYA statedthat Reteporidra should be taken to replace the generic name Reteporella andthe presence of a thickend margin is
not proper to the genus Reteporella. but
ischaracteristicof:lnastomopora.
Therefore. NIKIFOROVA recognized thetwo genera Auastomopora and Reteporidra.
It is the writers' opinion that the* 7 : branches in 10 mm of width of zoarium. 4.:;: fencstrules in lU mm of lengthof zoarium, 15 ? : zooecia in 5 mm of lengthof branch, 4-5: number of rows of zooccia.

409.

Lou.Jer Permian Bryozoa from Mirarano, Taishaku Plateau

presence of a thickend margin is not soimportant to divide the genus as I\ICKLES
and BASSLER already pointed out; therefore, Reteporidra should be included in
the genus Anastomopora as a synonym.
Several species belonging to the genus
Anaslomopora have been known from the
Devonian of the C. S. :\. and from thePermian-Carboniferous of USSR, but thelatters were recorded under the genericname of Reteporidra.
The present form is nearest to .4nastomopora borealis (STUCKE~BERC) which
was reported from the lower Permian ofTiman of USSR by STUCKE~BE[{G (1895)
and reexamined by N!KIFOROVA tl938) indetail. in the meshwork formula. Ilowever. the present form can be distinguished by the narrow width of branch andlarger fenestrule.
Reg. nos. 22238 ( holot ype 1. 22239.

S!reblascupora linea/a SAKACA:-.H
and AKAGI. 11. sp.
PI. 15. figs. 5. 6.

A single longitudinal section. Zoarium
slender and ramose. its diameter about
1.5 mrn. Central bundle of small paralleltubes surrounded by zooecial tube circular or oval and about 0.21 mm in diameter.
Length of zooecium from bundle toaperture 0.96 mm to 1.15 mm. ~lesoporespresent but indistinctly observed owing
to single longitudinal section. Wall ofadjacent zooecial tubes separated by adark line. Diaphragms lacking, but one
superior and inferior hemiscpta developedin a single tube. Superior hemiseptum
disposed at center of length of tube andarises at about 40 degree from proximalside of \\·all, and inferior hemiseptum
disposed at opposite side of slightly outerpart of superior hemiseptum and arises
at right angles from the wall.
Remarks :-lt is not necessary to com-111

pare the present new species with thepreviously described one, because it canbe easily distinguished by the thick wallof the adjacent zooecial tubes being
separated by a dark line.
Reg. no. 222-10 (holotype).
Heferences
A~-;.v;f.

S. (1958a): On Some Permian Poriferafrom Japan. jubilee Pub/., Commem. Prof.
II. Ft'JIJIOTO, pp. 66-73, 1 pl.
- - (1!158b): Pst•udoschwa~:erina milwranoensis.
A New Permian Fusul inid, and its Growthand Form. Sci. Rept. Tokyo K.voiku Daigaku. Sec. C. T-ot. 6, no. 5.J, pp. 147-156.
1 pl.
BASSI.EI~. R. S. (1929):
Permian Bryozoa ofTimor. Paliiont Timor, xt•i. Lief., t•ol. XXI'iii.
pp. 37-89. pis. CCXV (I)-CCXLV (23).
- - 1!l53: Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. G : Bryozoa. ll.tmsas Unit•. Kansas
Press. pp. Gl-G253.
CRoc"FORD, ]. (1944): Bryozoa from the Per·
mian of \Vestern Australia, Part I: Cy·
clostomata and Cryptostomata from theNorthwest Hasin and Kim~rley District.
Pro.:. Lim1eau Soc .. N. S. W., Vol. 69, pt.
3-·1, pp. 139-175, pis. 4, 5.
- - (1951) : The De\-elopment of Bryozoan
Faunas in the Upper l'alaeozoic of Australia. Ibid., l'ol. 76, pp. 105-120.
(1!157): Penn ian Bryozoa from the Fitzroy
Basin. Western Australia. Commmw:ealthof !lust., Dept. Nat. Del'olop. Bureau of
Min. Res., Ueo/. Geophysics, Bull. No 34,
pp. 1-137. pis. 1-21.
E:.TAS. M. K. (1937) :Stratigraphic Significanceof Some Late Paleozoic Fenestrate Bryozoans. ]our. Palcont., Vol. I 1, 110 . .J. pp.
306-334. Text-figs. 1-3.
ELIAS. M. K. and Co:-o;DRA, G. E. (1957): Feneslrlfa from the Permian of West Texas.
Geol. Soc. Amer .. 1\Icm. 70, pp. I -158. pis.
1-23.
Exoo. R (1957): Stratigraphical and Paleontlogical Studies of the Later Paleozoic
Calcareous Algae in Japan. XI. Fossil
Algae from the Taishaku District, Hiro-

112

Sumio S.-lKAC.-lJII and Saburo AKAGJ

shima-ken. and Kit2rni-no-kuni. Hokkaido.
Sci. Rep/. Saitama Uniz• .. Ser. B. Fol. II.
110, 3. pp. 279-305. pis. 37--1-1.
Fl.'JI:.toTo, H. (1944): Paleontolcgical Study on
Titibu System of Taishaku-kyo Region.
Hiroshima Prefecture.
(in Japanesz)
Bull. Geol. illin. Ins!. Tokyo Bunrika !Jaigakte. 110. 1. pp. 1--19.
Ko:->ISIH, K. (1960): Sinopora dendmidea (Yo).
:\uroporoid Coral from Late P~rmian ofWestern llonshu. Trans. Proc. Palueont.
Soc. Japan, N.S., 110. 40. pp. 325-328.
NtcKLES. ]. M. and BASS'-"R. R. S. (l9UO): A
Synopsis of American Fossil Bryozoa including Bibliography and Synonymy. [J.
S. Ceo/. Sun• .. Bull. 173, pp. 1.-663.
XtKIFOROVA. A. l. (1938): Types of Carboniferous Bryozoa oi the Europf.:an Part of
the USSR. Paleo11f. U.5SR, Vol. IV. Pl.
5. Fasc. I. pp. 1-290. pis. I-LV.

STL'CJ,E:"llEJ{G, A. (1895): Korallcn und Bryozoen der Steinkohlenablagcrungen desUrah; und des Timan. Com. Geol. '"Urn.
10, fasc. 3. pp. 1-244. pis. 1-24.
YAilE, H. (1948): Two Permian Fossils from
China and Japan of Uncertain Affinity.
/'roc. Japan Acad., Vol. 25. 110. 6.
YoKOL\1\IA. T. (l!J!l7): Notes on Some Carboniferous Corals from Taishaku District,Hircshima Prefecture. Japan. jour. Sci.,
1/irosltima Unit• .. Ser.C. l·ol. 2. no. 1, pp.
73 82, pis. 10-12.
--(Hl60): Permian Corals from the Taishaku
District, Hiroshima Prefecture. japan.
Trans. Proc:. Pa/aeonl. Soc. fopwz. S. S., no.
:18. pp. 239-~48, pis. 27. 28.
YosJH:-;o. M. (1937): Pabeozoi«.: Fossils foundin the Limestone of Taishakudai, Bingo
Province ( 1-11). Jour. Geogr.. Vol. XLI X,
no. 580. p. 269. no. 581. p. 309.

Explanation of Plate 15
Figs. I. 2. J>nlypora eliasi SAKAGr\\11 and AKAGI. n. sp.
l, Tangential section, x 5. Reg. no. 22237;
2, Reverse surface. x 2. Reg. no. 2223G.
Figs. 3. 4. Fistulipora miharanoensis S,\KAGA\11 and AK.-\GI. n. sp.
3 Obliquely longitudinal section, x 10. !{cg. no. 22232;
4. Enlarged part of Fig. 3, x30.
Figs. 5, 6. Streblascopora lineata S,\KAGA\11 and AKACI, n. sp.
5. Longitudinal section. x2U. Reg. no. 22240;
6. Enlarged part of Fig. 5 (tangential part). x60.
Fig. 7. Batostmnella sp. indct.
Oblique section. x 10. Reg. no. 22233.
Fig. 8. Fe1wstel/a (Mi1zi/ya) taislwkue11sis S.\K.-\GA\11 and :\1.;,\GI. n. sp.
Reverse surface. X 3, J~eg. no. 2223,1.
Figs. 9. 10. .4nastomopora orienlalis SAI<AGA\11 and AI<AGI. n. sp.
9, Reverse surface, x2. Reg. no. 22238:
10 Tangential section. X 5. Reg. no. 22239.

SAKAGAMI and AKAGT:SAKAGAMI photo

Taishaku Bryozoa

Plate 1 5

Trans. l'roc Palaeont. Soc. Japan. N. S, No. 43. pp. 113-116. pl. 16. Sept. z:;, 19til..no.

PELECYPODS FRO~! THE LIASSIC Y A.l'viAOKU FOR~!:\ TIO.:\

IN WEST JAPAN*(Studies on the Liassic Pelecypods in .Ja!Jan. 11)

ITARU HAYAl\11
Geological Institute. Universit~· of Tokyo[i/,]tlJtJ,tJJ It;!m~ll) '7 1 .,. 7.1f. Jt ~1 : •j · j11jfll!-_;,:_ .l: ..., ·Oi~ ~~ ~ tL t.:fltii~LJI!f, Jl~Jffl;~l:}jll)tlll}~~11);:; Je ~~~ l~l,j.J' LJ.:f;li W: .\'ucutawt ( lhrryom_va), Mele:t~-:rindlu 11) 2 1/iillU: *·~rm:r:;:. ~­~\.·Creuotrapezimn rT>l:lfrifli~H:·,jill_~l]L:'.:Il)"'(~i!~Lt..:,Ko'\ISHI • 1954! has disco\·ered Lower
Jurassic strata near Yamaoku in northern
Okayama Prefecture. and compared thelitho- and bio-facies with the Liassic
1\uruma group in the fronrier region of
Toyama. Niigata and Nagano Prefecturesin central Japan, suggesting that the
Yamaoku pelecypods bear some affinities
with the Liassic fauna of Japan. insteadof the Gpper Triassic one. The palaeontologie description was. however. notpublished by him. Here I take an opportunity to examine his collection
through his courtesy.
As I noted before (1957. 1958:. theparalic carbonaceous sandstones in its
lower part IY 1 member by Ko:"'ISIIIr bearabundant cyrcnoid pelecypods such as
Bakeve/lia IJ/({~1/issima. lsognomon sp. andEomiodon vulgaris. These three genera
are ubiquitous members in the Liassic
cyrenoid beds of this country, but theoccurrence of Bakeuel!ia magnissima is
restricted to the Shinatani formation of
the Kuruma group and the lwamuro formation in the Ashio mountains. Because

i~

~:

(-&

the Shinatani formation is younger thanthe :lmallheus-bearing Teradani formation tupper Pliensbachian) and older than
the grammoceratid bearing Otakidani
formation (upper!' Toarcian!. I am now
inclined to consider that the age of themain parts of the Yamaoku and lwamuro
formations is upper Lias. TheY~ member is marine. and its black shales canbe included in the category of .. ammonite shale" in the Inner Zone ofSouthwest Japan. The change of sedimentary condition may be attributable
to the Toarcian transgression which canbe recognized in other sedimentary basins in japan.
Putting aside the age problem. theYamaoku fauna from the Y 1 and Y 2
members bears also the following in·digenous species and subspecies. which
are described in the present paper:
Nuculanrt (Dan:vmnya) kouisllii I-lA YAi'>H,
new species,Helea!(rinella okayamensis II A YAi\11, newspeciesCrenotrapezium kurumense grossmn HAYA:\II, new subspecies
I3efore the description I wish to express* Received '\lay ·L 1961 : read Sept. 23. 1961
11:>,

lJ.l

Itaru H-41".4..\JI

my sincere thanks to Prof. Teiichi KoBAYASHI of the University of Tokyo for
his kind guidance and supervision ofthis manuscript, and also to Dr. Kenji
KONISHI of the Kanazawa University forthe privilege of describing his collection.

Family ~uculanidae
Genus NuCII!ana Lll\K, 1807
Subgenus Dm·l)'omya AGASSIZ. 1840

Nuculana (Dactyomya) konishii IIA YAl\11.
new species
Plate lG. Figure 1.

195·1.

Saccefla sp., Kn:-.:ISHI. jour. Uaof. Soc.
]apau. Vol. 60. Ao. 101. p. 330, listed.

DescriptioJt:-Shell medium-large forthe subgenus, spoon-shaped. highly ros·trated, cuspidated backwards: main body,which is defined from posterior rostrumby an obscure shallow sulcus. subellip·
tical and moderately inflated: umbo notvery prominent. opisthogyrous. locatedat about two-fifths of length from front;
anterior margin short and rounded, while
postero·dorsal one is unusually long andbroadly concave; posterior rostrum elon·
gated. gently tapered backwards, scarcely
bending upwards: surface marked withirregularly spaced growth-lamellae andnumerous irregularly oriented subverticalor oblique striae which are especiallywell marked on the anterior part of post·
erior rostrum; a blunt carina runningfrom umbo along postero·dorsal margin.
defining a narrow escutcheon: hinge with
about a dozen taxodont denticlcs on eachside of chondrophore: pallial line appar·
enlly entire.
Measurement :-Holotype (left valve,~1~13675) 30.5.mm. long, 12.5 mm. high,-t.O mm. thick.

OhserL'alion and comparison:- Threespcdmens are at hand. The holotype
composed of external and internal moulds
reveals the dentition and the character·istic surface ornaments. Although thedetailed structure of chondrophore is notobservable in the holotypc. its presence
can be ascertained in another internalmould. This is referable to "R.vderia"
which has been used by some authors
for certain Liassic nuculanids having
more elongated rostrum and less promi·
ncnt umbo than typical Datryomya fromthe l'vliddle and Upper Jurassic. Howe\·er, it is provisionally referred to Dac·
1yomya. since the validity of the nameof Ryderia WILTON, 1830, on a figured
but specifically unnamed shell cannot be
warranted here.
In the outline this is fairly similar toLongi nuwlana krutschinini SA \'ELJE\',
1958. from the lower Aptian of l'vlan·gischlalc Although the presence of nonconcentric striae on the postero·dorsal
surface of the Russian species may indicate a phyletic connection with such
Liassic nuculanids as this species, thisis specifically distinct from SAVELIEV's,
because the posterior rostrum is lesselongated and more distinctly tapered
backwards in kmtishii. This is probably
allied to ]lluculana (Dao:vomya.l toriyamae
HAYAMI. 1959, from the lower Liassic
lligashinagano formation in west Japan.
but the post·umbonal margin is not so
deeply concave and the dimensions aremuch larger than that species. In thepresence of oblique striae this may becloser to Leda lexturata TERQUE:\1 andPIETTE. 1868. from the lower Lias ofeastern Paris basin, but the dimensions
are much larger and the oblique striae
more discordant with the growth-lines.
The general outline and especially theshape of posterior rostrum resemble thoseof Leda temtistria/a PIETTE in TERQUDI

410.

Pelecypods from the Liassic Yamaolm Formation

and PIETTE (18681. But the size is stilllarger and oblique striae are unknown
in that species.
Occurn'nce :-Rare in the Y 1 memberof the Yamaoku formation at the westof Ochiai and Y2 member at the north·west of Ochiai. in Yamaoku area of Osakabe town. Atetsu county, Okayama Prefecture.
Family :hiculopectinidae
Genus Meleagrinella WHITFIELD, 1885
J1feleagrinella okayamensis HA YAM I.
new species
Plate Hi. Figures 2-3.
1954.

type is a bivalved specimen. The inequivalvcness and the different mode ofsurface ornamentation arc well recognized on it, though the convexity may
have been some\vhat decreased by secondary deformation.
This is probably allied to Meleagrinellajaponica HA YA:-11. 1959, from the lower
Lias of west Japan, but the shell isslightly more prosocline and the posterior wing is less developed. Avicula
substriata ZIETEN (GOLDFUSS, 1833-1840)
from the Lias of Europe resembles thisin the prosocline shell. but the posterodorsal angle is more rounded and theshell more elongated obliquely.
Occurrence :-Rare in Y~ member at
the northwest of Ochiai.

Pseudommwlis (s. 1.) sp. nov. KO!'ISIII.
four. (;eo/. Soc.fapan. Vol. 60, j'lio. 701.

Family Neomiodontidae

p. 330. listed.
Descriptiou :-Shell small. highly inequivalve. inequilateral. obliquely ovate.
slightly higher than long. Left valve
moderately convex; umbo prominent. recurved. more or less anterior to medianin portion; anterior wing very small or
absent. posterior one rudimentary; surface marked with some 50 fine radial
riblets: primary and secondary riblets
not clearly defined from each other;growth-lines generally obscure. but radials become slightly squamose near
Yentral margin and sometimes concentric
constrictions appear in early or middle
shell. Right valve pronouncedly smaller
than left: shell-convexity much weaker:
surface apparently smooth except forseveral obscure radial undulations. Hinge
structure unknown.
Measurement :-Holotype (both valves,Ml\1 3616l 11.5 mm. long, 12.0 mm. high.
Paratype (left valve, M\1 3677) 1l.O+mm.
long. 12.0 mm. high, :ts mm. thick.
Ob$f'l'l'ftlirnt mrd comparison:-The holo-

115

Genus Crr~llotrapezium HA r i\~11. 1958
Crenotrapezium kunwzensc grossum
HAYA:-11. new subspecies
Plate 16. Figure 4.
195·1.

"G)primrdia"(?) sp. nov., Ko:\ISHI,

Jour. Geo/. Soc. Japan. Vol. liO, No. 707,
p. 330.

listed.

DescriPtiou :-Shell large for genus.
fairly variable in outline but typicallytriangular, strongly carinated posteriorly: siphonal margin well defined frompostero·dorsal and \·entral; ratio oflength/height approximately 1.10-1.35:
other characters including hinge andmusculature similar to Crenotrapezium
kummense s. s .. though crenulation onlateral teeth cannot be recognized owing
to coarse-grained matrices of these specimens.
1l1easurement :-Holotype (right valve,\1\13678)" 36.0 mm. long. 32.5 rnm. high;
6.0mm. thick. Paratype (left valve, \1\1llG

Jtm·u l-fA.l'AMJ

3679) 4~.0 mm. long. 30.5 mm. high. 6.5mm, thick.
ObserNrlion and 1:nmparisrm :-l'vlore l han
15 specinwnsarc available. Though mostof them arc broken to some extent. theAlii
AI 3a 3b PI
Pilldentition.
-/\II- - 2 ~PIT
can be observed in many internal moulds
including 1he holotype. As I .suggested
before (1958, p. lG1. this form may beconspecilk with Crenotrapezium kum·mense from the Liassic Kuruma group.
but seems to require subspecific distinction, because the dimensions of Yamaoku
specimens are much larger. the siphonal
margin is better defined and the average
ratio of length/height seems slightly
smaller than typical kunmumse. Several
specimens from the sandstones of theKitamatadani and Shinatani formations
show comparable sizes to the present
ones. but their outline seems close to
the typical form.
CrenolraPI'Zium is very close to Neomiodon FtSCIIEI~ in the hinge apparatus, if
the characl crisl ic line crenules on thelateral leC'th AI. All. PI and Pill are
ignored. Among various species of Neo·
miodon from the Ivliddle and l 1pper
jurassic. N. nal'is CttAVA:-\. 1952. fromthe Astartian of Calvados and a few
other species resemble kurumense in theoutline, but the posterior carina of .\'eo·
miodon is generally less conspicuous.
Occurrence:-Common in '{ 1 member at
the west of Ochiai.

References
C!IAVAl'. A. (1!-145), Lcs lamellibranches heterodontes des sables asltlrlicns de Cordebuglc (Calvados). ]o11r. ((mdl)'l .. Fol.
86, pp. 41-88, 1 pl.
- - (l!l5~). Les pelccypodcs des sables astarticns de Cordebugle (Calvados). Mem.
Suiss. de PaUonl., Vol. 69. pp. 1-132. 4 pis.
GoLDFlJSS, A. (1833-18·10), Petrefacta gcrmaniae, Bd. 2. Diisseldorf. 312 pp. 91 pis.
HA YA:\11, I. (1957), Liassic Bakevellia in Japan.
japan. ]our. Geol. Geogr .. Vol. 28. Nos. 1-3.
pp. 47-59, 2 pis.
- - (1958), A review of the so-called Liassic.. cyrenoids ·· in Japan. !!lid.. Vol. 29 . .\'os.
1-3, pp. ll-27, 2 pis.
- - (195Y), Lower Liassic lamellibranchfauna of the lligashinagano formation inwest Japan. ]our. Ntc. Sci. Univ. Tokyo,
Sec. 2, Vol. 12, Pt. 1. pp. 31-84. 4 pis.
KOI'ISII!. K. (195·1). Yamaoku formation (AJurassic deposit recently discovered in
Okayama Prefecture). }our. Geol. Soc.
Japan, Vol. 60, No. 707, pp. 3~5-332.
S.\\'ELIEV, A. A. (1958),
LonJ.;inuculana kntt·
sclliniui SAVEl•. gen. et sp. nov. from thelower Aptian of fvlangischlak. Doklady
Acad. Nauk U.-;SR. Tom. 11 Y. 1Vo. 1, pp.
161-16-!, 1 pl.
TERQL!E:'-1, 0. and PIETTE, E. (1868), Le Lias
inferieur de )'est de Ia Prance comprenant Ia .l\1eurthe, Ia 1\toselle, le GrandDuche de Luxembourg, la Belgique et Ia:"11euse. Mem. Soc. !!eo!. France. Ser. 2,
Tom. 8, pp. 1-168, IS pis.

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. So~:. Japan. N. S., ~o. 43. pp. 117 ·123, pl. 16. Sept. ~5. 1961

-Ill.

SO~IE

JURASSIC PELECYPODS FROJ\f THE AvVAZU Ai\D

YA~IAGA~II

FOR?.IATIONS I~ NORTHEAST JAPAK*
ITARU HAYAt-.11

Geologi~.:alInstitute. CniYersity of Tokyo?ii\Ji1J!!'?.ltl!t.t1!!Jir.>)~m ·Ill lfMJ/Rr.>);;;"" 7*Clf.ilJti:

LED-Ttl'- IIIH'JJ;.:-=. .J: ? Ct:li!.f2 ~~t.f.:.fll~~~~~mr 'F:iff;"')Pr Ji~[ft.fi~11}:;r;tL t.:fli.!f:. ~tf!i'41J · '?

Clzlam,·s, 111 U\1tJ·0 Isogno·n;on. Plagiostoma, Mesolinga, Fimbria. Pronoella f$i~,~~l] L. t..:, tll L·~•1r.>)!ll/J¥!1-!lfi·-=:.(~~·H1II) Great Oolite ki!~I..:.}!I{l;l.r.')fij[fl;~ Q//·. ~~<7J!f le.1ti!EcfiLHlifi~ l., ?;-:-o-c ~:Jf,"C"IUM~r.')Ifill~~"" L.. Tr1 1 1i!:;;; :>. =-; t l:ffl;:;'" 7 >f,l!)~~t.diJ~lfl4>rn11/)~(f~t.n~ l::.::.m~"'.dffl­

t~~~h~,

*

•

*

m

upper Bajocian (Or lowermost Bathonian)as indicated by the occurrence of "Par·fliiiSOJlill" (:\lASAT:\~1. 19501, which be·longs to Bigotites according to SATO (1960,
i\IS1. The exacr age of the overlying
Yamagami formation bearing the :kd and4th trigonian zones cannot be decidedat present. but it is older than Oxfordianand probably Callovian or thereabout.
As the rcsu Its of this palaeontologicalstudy, the following species were distinguished in the Awazu and Yamagami
faunas.
From the Awazu formation
Chlamys awazuensis HAYA:'IU, new spe·
cies
From the Yamagami formation
lsognonum sp. i ndel.
Plagiostoma sp. ex gr. subcardi,furme(GI<EI'I'IN)
Liostrea sp. indet.
Loplw sp. indet.
Meso!in~ta masalanii IIA Y.-\1111, new spe·
cies
Fimbria somensis HA YAl\11, new species
Pronoe/la sugayensis IIA YA:\11, new spe·cies
In this paper are described the above

In contrast with the rich pelecypods
in the upper part of the Soma group(Kimmeridgian and later1. which were
fully described by YAtm and SATO ,HJ42J.
KL\WI~A 1195li and TA:IilJRA (19;)9-Hl60).
little has been done on the pre·Kimrner·
idgian fauna of the group except for
KOBAYASHI and TA~ll1RA·s study (1~55.
1957) on the characteristic trigoniids .
.1\IASATA:-.:1 (1950) listed several pele·
cypods from the I-Jatsuno (=Hayama).
Awazu and Yamagami (=Sugaya) forma·tions. llis collection was further am·
plified by T A:lll'RA and myself. and now
kept in the Geological Institute. Univer·sity of Tokyo. Although the preserva·
tion of material is somewhat worse thanthose of the overlying Nakanosawa andKoyamada formations, pelecypods bear
special importance for the biostratigra·
phy of this group. because ammonites
are comparatively rare except for a few
horizons.
Tlw Awazu formation including the
1st and 2nd trigonian zones by i\IASA·TANI and TAMURA is at least in part

* RcceiYed May 4. 1961; read Sept. 23, 1961
111

118

[taru HA Y.4Ml

pelecyods exclusive of lhe two oslreids
wh;ch are represented by ill-preserved
specimens. This is the first time that
:V/esoliuga and Pronoel!rt have ever beenfound in the Jurassic of japan.
According to KOBAYASHI and TAMURA(1955. 1957). the trigoniids of the twoformations, comprising Vm~gonia . .llyo·
phorella (J>romyop!wrella). Scap/wtrigonia.
Latitrigouia and lbotrigonia are fairly
unique in specific assemblage. and there
are no common species with the faunasin the upper part of the Soma groupand the Jurassic of other sedimentarybasins but for ubiquitous Nipponitrigouia
sagawai. Similar tendency is ascertained
also as to other pelecypods. Because of
the rarity of contemporaneous pelecypods
in japan, these faunules seem importantas the lineage between the rich Lias·
Bajocian and Upper jurassic faunas
which were described from Yarious areas.
It is a pleasure to record here my sin·cere thanks to Prof. Teiichi KOBAYASHIof the University of Tokyo for his kind
guidance and critical reading of thismanuscript. Particular thanks are also
due to Mr. Kiyoshi MASATA~I and Dr.
l'vlinoru TA~IURA for the privilege of de·scribing their collections. I wish to ex·press appreciation to Dr. Tadashi SATO
for the permission of inspection of themimeograph of his thesis .. Etude bio·
stratigraphiques des Ammonites duJurassique du japon. These presentee
Ia Faculte des Sciences de I'Universite
de Paris".

a

Family Isognomonidae
Genus lsognomon SOL:\~DER, 1786
lsognomon sp. indet.
Plate 16. Figure 5.

Represented by internal and externalmoulds of a left \·aJve. The obliquelyelongated mytiliform outline and absenceof byssal gape suggest that it belongs
to subgenus Jlfvtiloperna IIIERING. 1903,
but the unfavourable state of preserva·
tion prevents me from specific determi·
nation. (\1.1\1 3680. 25.0+mm. long: 36.0
mm. high}
Occurrence :-·lth trigonian zone of Ya·
magami format ion at Yamagami Primary
School of Sugaya. Soma City. Fukushima
Prefecture.
Family Pectinidae
Genus Chlamys RODING, 1798
Chlamys au·azu£>~tsis HA YA:\-II,

new species
Plate 16. Figures 6a- b.

Description:- Represented by an external mould of left valve (holotype, ~IM
3681. 31.5 mm. long. 33.5+mm. high. 5.5mm. thick). Shell medium in size, near·ly acline. moderately inflated, higher thanlong; antero-dorsal margin slightly concave; anterior auricle triangular. large,
well defined from main body; surface
ornamented with more than 90 radial
riblets of two orders of prominence;
number of secondaries increases by ir·
regular insertion at various stages;
numerous concentric fila cross riblets andgrooYcs but much weaker than radials;
internal characters unknown.
Obsermtion and comparison:- The specimen is more or less broken in the marginal part and deformed secondarily, but
the characteristic surface·ornaments arewell preserved. It is probably allied toChlam.rs mitaraiensis HAYAMI, 1959. fromthe (?) Oxfordian of i\lakito area of Cen·
tral japan. but the radials and concen·
tries arc finer and more numerous.
Though the right valve of this form is411.

Some jurassic Pelecypods from the Awazu and Yamagami

unknO\vn. the delicate riblets differ frommany Jurassic species hitherto referred
to Chlamys and Camptochlamys.
Occurrence :-1st trigon ian zone of the
Awazu formation at the west of Awazu.
Soma City, Fukushima Prefecture.
Family Limidae
Genus Plagiostoma SOWEHBY, 181-1

P!agiostoma sp. ex gr. subcardiiforme(GREPPIN)

Plate 16. Figures 7a-b.
cf. 1853. Lima cardiiformis 1\Ioi~I{IS and LY·
CETT. Mo11ogr. 2Holl. (;real Oolite
Series. Pt. 2. p. 27. pl. 3. figs. '!.. 2a(non SOWERBY. 1815).
1867. Lima subcardiiformis GI~EI'PI:\, Esst:igeo/. sur le jura Suisse. p. 53.
1888. Lima (Radula) su/lt'ardiiformis
SC~II.IPPE. Abh.J!eol. Spezialk. Hlsass·
Lothr .. Bd. 4. p. 118. pl. 2. fig. 7.
1936. PlagioMo11w subcardiiformis DECII,\·SEAUX, lllem. Mus. roy. !Jist. uat.
Belgique. Ser. 2. Fasc. 8. p. 25.
1948. Lima (Plagiostoma) subcardiiformis
Cox and ARin:LL. Sun1ey JHoll. Brit.
Great Oolite Series. Pl. 1. p. 16.

Description :-Shell medium in size. gib·bose or broadly semicircular. moderately
inflated; umbonal region improminent:
apical angle bet ween anterior and posterior margins exclusive of auricles measures about 90 degrees: anterior umbonalridge nearly straight. rounded. weakened
towards antero-ventral but defines aslightly excavated lunule: both auricles
well defined. subequal. comparatively
small. obtusely truncaterl: surface ofmain body marked with more than 60
simple weak radial riblets which are depressed and rounded at tops: interspaces
nearly as broad as riblets. apparently
non-punctate: posterior auricle marked
also with several weak radials. but lunule

IHl

seems smooth except for faint radials
near anterior umbonal ridge.
Jleasureme11f :-Right external mould(:VIM 3682) ,11.0-!-mm. long. 46.0 mm. high.
8.5 mm. thick.
Observation a11d t'nmparison :-Two external moulds. though their marginal
parts are considerably broken. are aYail·able for study. Because of the coarsegrained matrix. 1 he growth-lines andpunctation on the interspaces are in·visible. but this form may be allied toLima subcardiiformis GREI'l'IN in \]ORRIS
and LYCETT (1953) and SCHLIPPE (1888)
from the Great Oolite series in the
broadly semicircular outline. The number of radials, however. seems more
numerous. and the radial ribs may be
slender than European specimens. In themode of radial ornaments this may becloser to Lima rigida SowERBY in Gor.nFUSS, 1836. from the Oxfordian. but thisis clearly different from the Corallian
specimens illustrated by ARKELL (1932)
in the non-sinuous and less numerous
radials. Plagios/oma semicirwlare GOLll·
FUSS, 1836 (Cox. 19-t4) from the Inferior
Oolite has more broadly rounded outline.
P/agiostoma kobayashii HA Y.nu, 1959.
from the lower Lias of western Japandiffers from this in the less inflatedshell and more opisthocline and blunt
anterior umbonal ridge.
Occurrence :-3rd trigon ian zone of the
Yamagami formation at the north of
Sugaya, Soma City, Fukushima Prefecture.
Family Lucinidae
Genus Mesolinga CIIA\':\::\, 1951

.11esolinga masatanii H A\' A:'-.11.
new species
Plate JG, Figurcs~8-10.

Itaru lf..li'.4MI

12(1Text.fig. 1. Internal characters of
1lleso!iuga mt~satanii I-L\ YA!\11. n. sp. (re·stor;;d from the right internal mould,
holotyp:, l\'IM 3686) X 1.

DescriPtion :-Shell medium to large.
inequilateral, suborbicular, slightlv lon·
ger than high, strongly infi~ted: test
fairly thick for lucinids: umbo subme·
dian, prominent, prosogyrous: antero·dorsal margin concave to form a large
lunule: postero·dorsal margin feeblv con·vex, passing gradually into posteri~r andventral: hinge of lucinoid type. as for·mutated below :V\IV1- - AliT

All

2 4b
3a 3b

1Plll
-

is observable in the holotype. Amongthe diagnoses of various jurassic lucinid
genera proposed by CHAVAl'\ (1937-1938.
1!-!46. 1951. 1952) and others this agrees
best with Mesolinga CHAVA:\, 1951. inthe comparatively thick test, verticallyelongated anterior adductor scar. larg~
lunule and hea\y lateral toot:1 Alii. In
these characteristics this is similar to:Heso!inga fyJJicrt CHAV,\:\, 1952 (=Lucina
p!dwia COl\TEJEAl\. 1859, non GIEBEL.
1856', from the Kimmeridgian·Purbeckian
nf Europe. but the dimensions of these
specimens are much larger and the pre·umbonal margin less excavated thantypit·a.
Ocne;·;·ence :-3rd and 11th trigon ianzone~ of the Yamagami formation at thenorth of Sugaya and the Primary Schoolof Sugaya. Soma Citv. Fukushima Pre·
fecture.
Family F'imbriidae

1PIV

PIIT

3a indistinguishable irom border oflunule: 2 nearly <Kline. compapativel\·thin; 3b slightly prosocline. stout: 4b
weak: Alii tubercular. heavy: Pill weak.
shon: :\11. AIV. Pll and PIV probabl~'
undeveloped: nymph narrow; both ad·
ductor impressions distinct: anterior one
large. pyriform. elongated subvenicallv:
posterior one ovate. much smaller: p;l.
lial line enlire: surface smooth except
fine growth·lines.
Measu rcment :-Holotype (!\ll\1 3686)
right internal mould, 39.5 mm. tong, 28.5+mm. high, 12.0 mm. thick: para type(l\ll\1 3685) left internal mould. 38.0 mm.
long. 31.5+mm. high, 9.0 mm. thick.
Obser/)ation and comparison :-Three in·ternal moulds and an external are athand. The characteristic musculatureof lucinoid type is clearly impressed on
the internal moulds, and the dentition

Genus Fimbria MEGERLE. 1811
I =Cm-bis CUVIER. 1817.

Fimbria somcn~is HAL\cv;I.
new species
Plat-.: 16. Figures ll·l3.

Description:-Shelt medium to large,
subo\'ate. more or less longer than high.
moderately inflated; test comparatively
thin: umbo submedian, not very promi·
nent, slightly prosogyrous: antero-dorsal
margin slightly concaYE. passing gradu·
ally into anterior ; postero·dorsal margin
long, straight. bent down into posterior
with an obtuse angle: hinge plate com·paratively narrow; dentition as formulat·
ed below:

AIV

(All)
Alii

2 -1b (Pl!J
PIV
3a 0~
Plll

3a small. indistinguishable from lunular411.

Some jurassic Pelecypods from the Awazu and Yanwgami

margin: 2 slightly opisthocline. thin but
stout: 3b nearly acline. thin but stout:
4h small. not clearly defined from nymph:
Alii tubercular. stout, situated fairly
close to cardinals; i\IV and PIV weak;other laterals undeveloped; musculature
unknown; surface marked with more orless wide-spaced erect concentric lines
whose interval increases from 1.3 mm. to
3.0 mm. through grO\vt h ; inner ventral
margin smooth.
Measurement :-Holotype (\Hvl 3687).
right internal mould. 31.5 mm. long, 27.0
mm. high. 5.5 mm. thick.
Ubservation and comparison :-f<epresented by three specimens. The denti·
tion is clearly observed in two small in·
ternal mould of right and left valves(holotype and paratype ·. The ontogenetic dc\'elopment of hinge structure is
unknown. because the adult stage isshown only by an external mould. This
species may not be a typical Fimbria.
since the hinge plate is narrO\V. cardinalteeth comparatively thin and the ventral
margin smooth without crenulations.
The disposition of cardinals and laterals.
subovate outline and erect surface concentrics. however. suggest that it iscloser to Fimbria than to other lucinoid
genera. '\mong numerous jurassic species of Fimbria. it is most closely allied
to Corbis lajoyei o'ARCHIAC. 18-!2 '.rvlORRIS
and LYCETT. 1853: Cox and ARKELL.
1948. 1949J from the Great Oolite seriesof England in view of tt1e ovate outline,
straight postcro-dorsal margin and absence of radial ornaments. According to
Cox and ARKELL the concentric ornaments of lajo_rei arc somewhat variable.
but it may be distinguishable from thatspecies by the thinner cardinal teeth ;111d
generally coarser concentrics. Corbis aff.
neptunyi L YCETT in SCHMII>T!LL. l!l26.
from the Aalenian of Germany resembles
this in the outline. but the shell is more121

elongated and the concentrics are finer
than this species.
Occurre111:e :-3rd and 4th trigon ianzones of the Yamagami formation at thenorth of Sugaya and the Primary Schoolof Sugaya. Soma City. Fukushima Prefecture.

Family Arcticidae
Genus Prmwella FISCHER. 188/

Pro noel/a sugayensis 1-IA Y :\i\11.
new species
Plate 16. Figures 14 16.

Descriptio11 :-Shell medium. trigonallyovate to ovate. moderately inflated. weakly carinated. much longer than high;test thick: umbo slightly recun•ed. prosogyrous. located at about a third ofshell-length from front: antero-dorsal
margin short and concave. while posterodorsal margin is long and slightly con\·ex and (orms an obtuse angle withposterior margin: lunule probably not
impressed ; though prc·umbonal regionslightly excavated; escutcheon narro\v
but not clearly impressed: hinge as formulated below :All~ ~- Alt3a)2a2b 4b PI!
-1-3bPlcardinal 1 comparatively weak. prosocline; 2a rounded. acline; 2b thick. unusually stout. very prosoc\ine: 3a undeYe·loped or absent : 3b elongated. stout : 4bthin, subparallel to post-umbonal margin:
laterals AI and All weak. not clearly
defined from 1 and 2a: PI and Pll un·
usually long, curved along postco-dorsal
margin: adductor scars well marked.
comparatively small; pallial line notobserved: surface smooth but for weakgrowth-lines.
Measurement :-Ho\otypc (:\H-.13692. left

122

ltaru H:lLLlll

in. mould) 26.5 mm. long. 20.0 mm. high.
5.0 mm. thick; para type (l\Hvl 3690. rightin. mould) 29.0 mm. long. 22.5 mm. high.
6.0 mm. thick.
Observation and comparison:- This
seems to be one of the commonest spe·
cies in the Yamagami formation. and isrepresented by many specimens. The
dentition is well impressed on the inter·
nal moulds including the holotype andpara! ype. The hinge structure may besomewhat deviated from that of typical
Pronoella which was clearly illustrated
by DouviLLE (1921), because the cardinals
1 and 2b are more prosocline, 2b unusu·
all~r stout and 2a much weaker than thatfigure. The disposilion and inclinationof cardinal teeth agree well with thoseof Pronoel!a elongata Cox. 194-L and P.
beneckei ROLLIER. 1914. from the Aaleni·

Explanation of Plate 16
Nucufana (/Jacryomya) lwuislzii H.-\Y:\~11. n. sp ........................................... p. 116
Fig. 1. Plaster cast of left external mould (l.\Il\1 8675). holotype, x 1. 5. Y2 memberof the Yamaoku formation. Ko:-;JSIII coli.
Jlldeagrinella okayameusis IL-\ YA:O.IJ. n. sp ................................................. p. 117
Fig. 2. Left valve (l\11\I 3676), holotyp~. x2. Y" member of the Yam:1oku formation. Ko;o.;ISHJ coli.
Fig. 3. Left valve (MM 3677), para type. x2. ditto.
Crmtolrapezium kurumeuse grossmn IL\YAMI. n. >;ubsp ................................... p. 117
Fig. 4. Right internal mould (MM 3678), holotyp;:, x l. Y 1 member of the Yamaoku formation. KO:"ISIII coli.

sp. indct. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 120
Fig. 5. Left internal mould (MM 3688), x l. .tth trigonian zone of the Yamagami
formation. JV[ASATA:"I coli.
Clllamys awazueusis IIAY.\MI. n. sp ....................................................... p. 120
Fig. 6a. Clay cast of left external mould (MM 3681). holotype, xI. 1st trigon ianzone of the Awazu formation. TA~IUilA coli.
Fig. 6b. Surface ornamentation of the same specimen, x3.
Plo;:iostoma sp. ex gr. subcardi~fl-rme (GREPPIK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 121
Fig. 7a. Right internal mould (MM 3682). xI. 3rd trigonian zone of the Yamaga·
mi formation. l'viAsATAl'J coli.
Fig. 7b. Plaster cast of the same external mould. xl.
J1ft,soliuga masatauii IIA YAJI.II. n. sp. . ................................................... p. 121
Fig. 8. Right internal mould (MM 3684). para type, x l. 3rd trigon ian zone of the
Yamagami formation. MASATA:->1 coli.
Fig. 9. Left internal mould (l\IM 3685). para type. x 1. ditto.
Fig. lOa. Right internal mould (MM 3686). holotype, X l. ditto.
Fig. lOb. Plaster cast of the same specimen. X I.
Fimbria sumeusis IIAYAMI, n. sp. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. ... .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .
.. ..... p. 122
Fig. 11. Right internal mould (l\ll\·13687). holotype. xl. 3rd trif{Onian zone of the
Yamagami formation. M.-\SATAKJ coli.
Fig. 12. Left internal mould (M:\I 3688). paratype. xl. ditto.
Fig. 13. Plaster cast of right external mould (MM 3689), paratype, xl. 4th tri·
gonian zone of the Yamagami formation.
Pronoella sugayensi.~ HA YA:O.J 1. n. sp ....................................................... p. 123
Fig. 14. Right internal mould (Ml\13690), paratype. xl. ·1th trigonian zone of
the Yamagami formation.
Fig. 15. Left internal mould (MM 3691). parat ype, X 1. ditto.
Fig. 16. Left internal mould (Ml'vl3692). holotype, xl. ditto.

Isoi(IIOIII011

All specimens illustrated here are kept in the Geological Institute, University of Tokyo.

HA YAM!: Jurassic Pelecypods from Yamaoleu and Soma

Plate 16

411.

Some jurassic Pelecypods from the Awazu and Yamagami

an of Europe. whose internal characters
were shown by Cox (1947). However.
2b seems much thicker and PI and PII
are more elongated than the t \\'0 species.
In the oYate outline this resembles Pronoella raornscarensis Cox. 19-17. but theantero-dorsal margin of that species ismore deeply excavated to form a profound lunule.
Occurrence :-3rcl and 4th trigon ianzones of the Yamagami formation at thePrimary School of Sugaya. Soma City,
Fukushima Prefecture.

Referenceso'i\Rcnr..>.c, A. (18·1~). Description gL·ologiquedu department de l'Aisne. ;Hem. Soc. geol.
France. Tom . .?. pp. 129-419. 11 pis.
ARK ELL. W. J, (1932). A Monograph of British
Corallian Lamellibranchia. Part -1. Palaeontogr. Soc. l.ondon, 48 pp., 8 pis.
CIIAV.\N. A. (1937-1938). Essai critique declassification des Lucines. ]our. de Conchy/ioltwie, Vol. 8 I. pp. 1:13-153, 198-216,
237-282, Vol. 82, pp. 59-97. 105-130, 215241.
- - (1946), L'evolution des faunes marines demollusques. Bull. Soc. geol. france, Stir.
5, Tom. u;. pp. 193-212.
- - (1951). I>enominations supraspeciliq ues
de mollusques modiliees ou nouvelles.
C. R. Somm. Soc. ~eo!. France. Seance du
18 juiu. pp. 210-212.
- - (1952). Les pelecypodes des sables astartiens de Cordebugle (Calvados). Jlem.
Suisses de Paltionl.. Vol. 69, pp. 1-132, -1
pis.
Cox, L. R. (19H). The English upper Liasand Inferior Oolite species of Lima. Proc.
Ma/acol. Soc. London, Vol. 25, pp. 151-187.
24 pis.
- - (1947). The Lamellibranch family Cyprinidae in the Lower Oolite of England.
Ibid., Vol. 27. pp. 141-18-1, 3 pis.
- - and ARJ.;HL, W.]. (1948). A survey ofthe mollusca of the British Great Oolite
serie,;. l'alaeontogr. Soc. London, pp. i-

1:2:3

xiii. 1-,18.
Doi'\'ILL(:. II. (1921). La charnierc dans les
Lamcllibranches heterodontes et son evolution. Bull. Soc. geol. Frace. Stir . .J. Tom.
21, pp. 116-12-1.
GoLon·,;s, A. (1833-18-10), Petrefacta Ger·
maniac. Vol. 2. Diisseldorf.
HAYA~II. I. (1939a). Late Jurassic Isodont at!dC\lyacid pelecypods from Makilo. Central,Iapan. ]ajmn. jour. Gt:a!. GeoJ;r., {'of. 30,
pp. Hil-1G7. 1 pl.
- - (1959b). Lower Liassic Lamellibranchfauna of the Higashinagano formation inwest Japan. four. Fac. Sci. Unir. Tokyo,
Sec. :!, Fo/. 12. Pt. 1. pp. 31-81. 4 pls.
KoDAYASIII, T. and TA.\Jl'RA. !II. (1955). The
i\-Jyophorellinae
from
~orth
Japan.
Studies on the Jurassic Trigoniam; inJapan. ['art IV. ]ajmn. ]onr. (;eo!. Geogr..
Vol. :!li'. Nos. 1-2, pp. 89-103. 2 pis.
- - and - - (HJ:'i7). Additional new generaand species of Trigonians from the Jurassic of Soma. north Japan. Ibid .. Vol. 28.
Nos. 1-3. pp. 35-U, 1 pl.
l\L>,S.>.TA:\1. K. (1950). A study of the Jurassic formations ·in the Soma district, Fukushima. Jour. Geol. Soc. ]uj>an. 'Vol. :>6.
No. 662, pp. 499-505 (in Japanese wiih
English abstract).
- - and TA~n:nA, M. (1959). A stratigraphic
study on the Jura~sic Soma group on theeastern foot of the Abukuma mountains.
northeast Japan. JaPan. ]our. Ceo(. Geogr..
Vol. :10. pp. 245-257.
:vioni~Is . .f. and LYCETT, ]. (1853), A monograph of the mollusca from the Great
Oolite chiefly from Minchinhamtlton andthe coast of Yorkshire. Pt. 2. Bivalves.
Pa/aeonlogr. Soc. Londo11.
SCHLIPPE, A. 0. (1888), Die Fauna des Bathonien im oberrheinischen Tieflande. :lbh.
geo/. Spczia!k. Elsass-l.othr., /Jd. 4, Jieft 4,
267 pp .. 8 pis.
·r.~:>.JVRA. M. (1959). On tlw Turinosu pelecypod-fauna in the jurassic group ofSoma of Fukushima Prefecture. four.
Geol. Soc. _Iapan. Vol. 65, No. lo-1, pp.
280-289. (in Japanese with English abstract).

Trans. !'roc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. )'::. S, '\'o. -13. pp. 12-1-126, pl. ll. Sept. ~5. 1961

.J 1~-

A 1\-IIOCE~E PROBLEl\IATICA FROM
WAKA YAl\fA PREFECTURE*
KOTOR:\ HATA.I and TA~IIO 1\.0TAKA

Institute of G···ology and Paleontology, Facultyof Science. Tohoku UniYersity. Sendai~:f*:llllft',rl•l'Jff.ilff¥:7" 7 c ·,· =r "::EB~n'o*lj';Lt..:f.I!UL:ltf!(LjBllJ~Q)/&f}•f'.l: I) 1*tf?~tl.f..: 1 l:!R~- !plft(U!f,tJ:-c. Tosalorbis kattoi n. sp. c®1'1Lf..:o~ Jj:Introduction andAcknowledgements

It is known that man!' kinds of pro·
blematical fossils occur from the Tertiary
rocks of Japan. but there has been little
study concerning them. llATAI n9571
described some interesting sand-pipe pro·
blematica from the ~vliocene Toyoda for·mation distributed in the western mar·gin of Yamagata Basin, Yamagata Pre·
fecture and ascribed them to the mark·ing of marine worms.
KATTO ~1960)
described some problematica from the
Eocene and Oligocene deposits distribut·
ed in southern Kochi Prefecture. Shiko·ku and ascribed them to marine worms.
He gave them generic names. among
which his Tosalorbis hataii KATTO wasnamed for the peculiar sand-pipe pre·viously described by HAT AI 11957 • from
the Miocene of Yamagata Prefecture.
The writers were fortunate in obtain·
ing many interesting specimens of aproblematical fossil from the marine t-.lio·
cene deposits distributed near the Seto
Marine Biological Laboratory at Shira·hama. 'Nakayama Prefecture.
These* Hecieve<l Jan. 15. 1!-'61; r;:;ad Jan. 15th 1961

·J' tJt . ·J· ,:·:i L( ~seem to be new to the problematicalfauna of Japan and are described in thisarticle.
Here the writers thank Assistant Pro·
fessor Yushi FUNAYA:'IIA. l\lr. Hidco Mil.
and ~!iss Tomoko TAKEllt\ of the Tohoku
University for their assistance in the
t1cld during collection of the specimens.
Thanks are due to lvlr. Kimiji 1\Pl\IAGAIof the Tohoku University for his photo·graphic work.

Description of the Problematica

I-'rom the sandstone of the Kanayama
formation (TAKEYA:\IA. 1930) numerous
cylindrical structures, generally parallelwith the bedding plane but also sometimes in vertical or oblique depositions,
measuring up to about or a little morethan five centimeters in length, up to
fiw millimeters in diameter, nearlystraight, somewhat curved to sigmoidal
along their length, nearly circular tomore or less tlat tened ova I in cross-sec·tion were collected from an outcrop ofthe ~lioccne Kanayama format ion near
the Seta Marine Biological Laboratory
at Shirahama in Wakayama Prefecture.
These cylindrical rods are crowded in412.

A. Miocene Problematica from Wakayama Prefecture

the tuffaceous sandstone. generally moreor less separated from one another. over·lapping or transversing others at various
angles, and occur within a thickness ofabout 30 centimeters in the above men·tioned sandstone. Well presen·ed speci·
mens have a hollow, circular cross-section. transverse concentric lines or weakridges like segments separated by near·ly equal distances on the surface: nolongitudinal sculpture was observed.
The segments or concentric ridges may
be equal to or a little broader than theinterspaces which are apparently roundbottomed. So far as observed all of thewell preserved specimens agree with one
another in having concentric or segment
like sculpture on their external surfaces.
The material filling the hollow appears
to be the same as that in which thepeculiar structures are embedded. No
external calcareous or chitinous covering
seems to have been present.
From Lhe shape. crowded occurrence.
orientation from nearly parallel with thebedding plane or \'ertical to oblique,hollow and circular cross-section. rxternal
sculpture of only concentric segment·
like ridges without longitudinal orna·
mentation. the present specimens recall
Tosa/orbis pecu!iaris KATTO described by
K,\TTO (1960) from the OLigocene :Ylisaki
formation distributed along the sea coastof Kawajiri, 1\lisaki. Tosa-Shimizu City
in Kochi Prefecture. The present speci·
mens. however. can be distinguished from
KATTO's species in the k•ss tubularbodies. less distinctly developed surface
sculpture. more crowded occurrence. andby the size. Tosalorbis hataii I<ATTO and
T. hanzmcai KATTO both described by
K.HTO \1960) from the Paleogene de·posits in Kochi Prefecture. which also
have tubular bodies and segmented sculp·
lure can be also distinguished from thepresent specimens in the strength of the125

external scgnJCnl·like sculpture, greater
breadth of the bodies with regard tolength. and in that the present ones show
more distinct hollow cross-section. Be·
ing distinguishable from similar forms
the present specimens are considered torepresent an undescribed species towhich the name of Tosalorbis kattoi H.\·TAl and KoT,\l\:\, n. sp .. is given. The
specific name is given in recognition of
Dr . .Tiro KATTO's work on the problem·
atical fauna from the Paleogene deposits
of southern Kochi Prefecture.

Remarks on Prob!ematica referedto Marine Worms.\l the present time problematica ha\··ing elongate bodies with surface sculptured by concentric or segment-likeridges and troughs. with or without any
kind of longitudinal ornamentation.
situated parall\'1·. vertical· or oblique tothe bedding plane of the stratum inwhich they occur. crowded to sporadic
occurrence. straight or curved to sigmoid
shape. and resemblance with living
m3rine worms. have been refcred to rna·rine worms sometimens with doubt. The
present specimens from this view may
abo be fossils of marine worms.
:\mong marine worm genera hitherto
reported from the Terti:1ry rocks ofJapan there should be mentioned Nerdtes
and Tosrtlorbis described by KATTO, 1960;
from southern Kochi Prefecture ;:nd
Po/amilia recorded by HAT AI 1195:' fromthe \hocene Yamagata Prefecture. The
present specimens arc referred to thegenus Tosalorhis as a new species be·cause distinction from the other gen:-ra
is clear and no other related genera havebeen reported from Japan. fossil or Re·
cent. Among the genera known fromthe s·as of Japan. Areuico/a and Bahli/o·;.;loss'ts are more or less similar so far as

Kotora HIUll and Tamio KoTAI\Al~G

the concentric sculpture is concerned.
but can be distinguished from the present ones in size. more elongate bodies
with more distinct segments. differenr
shape of apical and anal parts and inthat the present ones form a crowded
population whereas the two mentioned
genera arc more sporadic in occurrencein living condition.
The present new species as alreadymentioned occurs forming a crowded
population and so far as is known noother marine invertebrate or vertebrate
fossils have been found in the layer
yielding this marine worm. From thisYiew it may be added that where worms
occur in abundance other kinds of marine organisms arc generally not foundin association because of that the worm
eat the larva. whereby causing local extinction of othl'r benthonic marine ani·
mats, and such areas are avoided by marine animals. This may explain why noother kincls of fossils were found in association or in the same sandstone hori-

zon as that which yielded the worms
treated in this article.

References
DA:":\ER. W. R.

(1955). Some Fossil Worm
Tubes of \Vestern Washington. Rocksand Jlinerals .. pp. 451-457, 7 figs.
H.H.-\1. K. (1951). A Probelmatical Fossil
from Yamagata. Short Papers, IGPS, .Vo.
3. pp. 41-45. 1 pl.
- - (1951), Interesting Sand-Pipes from the:Miocene Toyoda Format ion. Yamagata
Prefecture, Japan. Trans. Proc. Palaemzt.
Soc. ]aj>a11 . .V. S., 1.Vo. 21. pp. 95-98. (Thissand pipe was refered to Tosaforbis hataii
K.->.TTO. as a new species.)
K.\TTO, ]. (1960), Some Problematica fromthe So-called Unknown Mesozoic Strata
in the Southern Part of Shikoku. Japan.
llanzawa Jilemorial Volume. .'ici. RejJ/.,
Tolwku [:nil' .. 2nd Ser., Sjwc. Vol., No. 4,
pp. 323-33·1. 2 pi~.
T :\KRYA~I:\. T. (1!130). Tertiary Stratigraphyof the Environs of Tanabe. Kii. Chikyu( Tlie Globe), Fol 13, .\'o. :!. pp. 92-105.

Explanation of Plate l';'Tosalorbi~

lwlloi IIATAI and KOTAI,.-\ n. sp.
Figs. 1-3. Surficial view.
Fig ..1. Lateral \'iew of the specimen figured in Fig. 2.
All figures in naturl'tl size.

/1 4 ~ '1:

and A"o:4.'.'l

3.4 .\110. PrtP ProbfPmall • a

Pla!P 1;-

Trans. !'roc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S. No. 43. pp. 121-137. pis. IS. 1~. Sc1>1. :!5. 1961

41:3.

lVIIDDLI~CARHONIFEHOUS CORALS FHOi\1 TH.I:: ICHlNOTANIFORMATION (UPPER PALEOZOIC CORALS F'ROl\1 FUKUJI. SOUTHEASTER~

PART OF THE HIDA .MASSIF. PART :l)
HISAYOSHI !GOInstitute of Geology and 1\Eneralogy. Tokyo L:niversity of Education--·<D.fti\'1<D•I•ffi: EW{*.Iliilml: · ?ili.lll!ft~J::lit~i~?:'-lllllfN!<Diilf~.-('(1) 3 t l.., -c. Ca11i11ia Pseudoyohi. C. sp. A. C. sp. B. Darlodotia fujmwloi. Kicmoph\'llum carbonarium, Umt;.:s!Janopltyllum mizuya.gatlaniensis. Iranot·ia numchurica forma podol>kiensis, I. mmu:lmrica
forma r•;.:ucltii Q) Jd 011\::~:f.i.:. t.:-:. t.:. ~Q):ffil'i<D Fusulinella zone .I :ill.:::t /. nutltrlmrica
iorrna podo/skiensis <D~@.-t;;,:. ci.:..J:: "?C· -t:-<Dl:-§l:<D Fusulina zone .!: .!: tl;: Jliloscovian cJ) l'odolsk ~i¥l:.:.:<ttt~.h7.,.:. til:iJJ:!cai.:.t.~:-:d..:, tJ:.t-of&#-;.:..J:: "?-c.:.::.rl:?'i':<D Artins!~ian ::: l"C.)cof&:~.itt..: Huangia mizuyagadanieusis :::..Pifl.:EFR.?\':Q)t<D"t'it7.>o

lr.·

~

(/,

~

danien~isIntroduction and Acknowledgements
In a previous work I described several
corals from the lchinotani and ~vlizuyaga­
dani formations (lc6 1958. 1959), exposedin the Fukuji district. Kamitakara Village, Yoshiki County. Gifu Prefecture{approximately 36"13' N. Lat., 137"32' E.
Long). and in this paper I treat several
interesting corals from the middle partof the lchinotani formation distributedin the lchinotani, illlizuboradani and~lizuyagadani \'alleys and also discuss
their recent stratigraphic data.
The
stratigraphic positions of the corals fromthe lchinotani formation were summarized by FUJIMOTO and IGO (1958).
The following corals are herein described. namely. Caninia pseudoyohi lc;c) n.
sp .. C. sp. :\, C. sp. B. Dorlodotia fujimotoi
IG6. n. sp.. Kionophyl/um carbonarium!Go, n. sp .. Liangshmwp/iyllum 11lizuyaga-* Rcn<.l Mny 23, 1~59: r;:cci\·cd May. 9.
19()1,! KAl\'IE ll, /i1anrn:ia manclmrira
forma podo/slliensis DOI:liWLYlJBOVA and I.
mmzdmril'a forma cguchii lei>. n. forma.
I thank Dr. 1-laruyoshi FUJUMOTO,
Professor Emeritus of the Tokyo University of Educalion, Dr. Wataru liASIII·C\IOTO. Professor of the same University,and Dr. Kotora I-lATA!. Professor of the
Tohoku Uniwrsity for their continued
encouragements concerning my researches. Financial support of the present
study was received from the Research
Fund of the japan Society for the Promotion of Science and from the ;vlinistrr
of Education. japanese Government.

Stratigraphic Position of the Corals

and Their SignificanceCaninia pseuduyohi Icc). n. sp .. was collected from the southern slope of the
tv!izuboradani valley. The exact stratigraphic position of this coral is still
uncertain, but about tive meters below
the horizon of this coral bed Prousu·

128

Hisayos/zi JG()

linel/a fukujit•usis Icc\ and Eostaf{e/lasp. were found. Caninia sp. A and B
were obtained from the Kimmamichi
section. not hcrn slope of the lchinotani
valley in association with Fusulinellalwnza/(lai let), F. sp. and Liang slumo·
phyllum
mizuyagadaniensis
11\.AMEJ\.
This horizon belongs apparently to theupper part of the Fusulinella zone.
Dorlodotia fujimoloi !Go and Kionophy·
limn wrbonarium IG6 coexist and areassociated with large Chaetetes·colonies
in the lchinotani valley. From thislimestone no reliable fusulinids havebeen found but unfavourably preservedPn~(usulindla? occur scattered.
This
limestone is situated above the lower red
shale member ( IG{> 1960a) which overlies
with discon formi 1y the Pmfusulinella·limestone. However. there is possibility
that the limest·one is repeated by faultof the Profusulinella·iimestone.
Li a n!(s!w nojJ/!yllu m miz uyagadanie nsis
(KA~IEI) was originally describedbyKAl\TEI (1957) from the i\lizuyagadani
valley. west of the lchinotani valley. He
thought that the coral was derived fromthe Permian \'lizuyagadani formation.
Furthermore, he insisted that the coral
indicated the Artinskian in age. The
Sakmarian age of the \lizuyagadani for·mation was already discussed by !G6.
(1958). I reexamined KA\IEI's type locali·ty and collected further material andconfirmed that his coral was derived
from the Fusulinella·limestone. In my
previous paper in collaboration with
FUJI\IOTO r1958) I listed !Iuangia japonica IG6 <~IS) from the Fusulinel/a zoneof the Ichinotani valley. From the pre·sent study. however, I came to conclusion that the species is conspecific with
KAl\IEI's Liangs/wnop/iyl/um ( =Iluangia)
mizuyagadaniensis discussed later.
lfound large colonies of this species fromthe type sect ion of Lhe lchinolani forma-tion ([G{>'s horizon 1-10. 1957; in association with Eosdmbertella lata \LEE et
CHEN), Fusiel/a typica {LEE et CHEN),
Fusuline!la pseudobocki (LEE et CHE:-:)and F. bocki asiatica IG6. There fore thestratigraphic range of this coral extends
downwards. and it ranges throughout
the entire part of the upper 1-itsttline//azone.
Ivanoria manclmrica forma podolskietlsis
and I. manclmrica forma egur/iii areassociated with Limzgshanophyl/um mizu·
yagadaniensis and Fusulindla lumzmcai
in the Kimmamichi section. It is note·
worthy to record the occurrence of I.
mandmrica forma podolskiensis because
it is a characteristic species of the Pen·chi series of China (Y ABE and EGUCHI
19Hl and the Podolsk horizon of the
Moscovian of Soviet f{ussia Doti!WLYU·
130VA 1937).
PreYiously l (Icc) 1.957) described Koninckocarinia from the lchinotani valley andthought that the coral bed may beequivalent with the lvanol'ia·bcd of theKimmamichi section and at that occasion
treated it as the top of tht· Fusulinellazone. Hov·;ever, recenlly I have founda Fusu/ina t = Becdeina.l Iimestone fromthe lower horizon of the Kollinck{)(;arinia
bed in the lchinotani valley : [I.J() 1960b).
Therefore the 1\oniw:kocarinia bed re·presents the uppermost Fusuli•w 1=Bee·deina) zone and a position slightly higher
than the lt·anot•ia·limestone in the Kimmamichi section. I correlated the l\.o11·
inckorarinia·limestone to the Podolskof the 1\loscow Basin. This view isfurther upheld by the present determi·
nation of h•anovia manclmrira forma
podo/skiensis from the upper part of theFusuline/la zone. From the rich occurrence of these corals from the upper·
most part of the Fusulindla and Fusuliua
zones recognized in the lchinotani formation. it is evident that they can be cor1.

413.

Jfiddle Carb·miferous Corals from the lchinotani Form·ttion

related with the Podolsk horizon of thf'
~losco\·ian of Soviet Russia.
Description of Species
Family Cyathopsidae DYBO\\'SI\1. 187312~ltakara Village, Yoshiki County. Gifu
Prefecture.
Geo/ogiml ag1: :-Early lvliddle Carboni·ferous (the Pro(usulim!l/a zone~. Reg. no.
20475 lholotype 1.

Genus Caninia l\IICIIELI:-.:. 1840
Cauinia pseucloyolii [G<\ n. sp.

Caninia sp. A

Pl. 19. figs. l. 2.

Pl. 19. tigs. 5. fi.

Corallum simple. cylindrical. Corallites
small. circular in transverse section andwith diameter of about 14 to 15 nl!n atmaturity.
External wal' exceedingly
thin with weak septal grooves. Outersurface unobservable.
Major septa 27. very thin. slightly
flexible. short in cardinal quadrant. rather
long in counter quadrant and extend to
three-fourths or radius. Their arrange·
rnents more of less Zap/1rentites·like inpattern. Cardinal fossula distinct. l\linor
septa almost lacking. Inner wall withwell developed phyllotheca. :--Iarrow dis·sepimental area composed of herringbone
pattern or concentrically arranged dissepiments.
In longitudinal sect ion one to threerows of vesicules developed at periphery :irregular in shape and ,;:ize. their com·ex
sides facing upwards and inwards. Ta·
bulated area wide. Tabulae mostly corn·
plete. rather loosely spaced. horizontal
in middle portion. steeply inclined downwards proxima ly at their peripheries.
Five to eight tabulae in vertical distanceof five mm.
Remarks:- Thi~ new species resembles
closely Caninia yohi CHI described from
Kwangsi. the \\'einingian System ofSouth China. in arrangements of major
septa. howe\·er. the latter differs fromthe former in the large corallite. more
numerous septa. and characteristic arrangements of the tabulae.
Occurrel/ce :-Southern slope of theMizuboradani Valley. Fukuji. Kami·

Corallum simple. small. external cha·racter unobservable. Outer wail verythin. without septal grooves. Corallire
circular in transverse section. and withdiameter of about 20 mm in mature stage.
Major septa -11. reach near center.
seven to eight 111111 in length. slighlly
flexible and more or less thickend bystereoplasmic deposits. especially in cardinal quadrant. Cardinal septum slight·
ly shorter than other septa. but cardinalfossula not distinct. l'vlinor septa very
short. spine-like. almost rudimentary. andrestricted to peri phcral zone.
Dissepimental area rather wide. Dis·
sepiments arranged concentrically or
herringbone pattern. Inner wall withfeeble stereotheca. Cut-edges of tabulae
occupy central part of corallite.
In longitudinal section dissepiments
rather irregular in size. five to four rows,
and their convPx sides facc·d upwards
as \\·ell as inwards. 10 to 11 tabulaein space of 10 mm. loosely arranged,
complete or incomplete. subhorizontal orslightly arched in middle portion. hut
their outer margin inclined downwards
steeply.
Remarks:- This species
resembles
Caniuia lieni CHI. C. lingzcucnsis LEE et
Yt from the Weiningian System and theivlaping limestone of South China. re·
spcctively. but the former possesses more
numerous major septa and larger corallite than those of the latters. It is also
closely related to Caninia quardrifossu/a
Cm from the Weiningian System in!Iisayoslzi J&onumber of major septa. size of corallite
and in many other respects. however theformer has tertiary septa and less dis·tinct fossula compared with the latter.
OccmTPnce :-Northern slope of thelchinolani valley. Fukuji. Kamitakara\'illage. Yoshiki County. Gifu Prefecture.
Geological age :-~Iiddle Carboniferous(upper part of the Fusulinclfa zone 1. Reg.
no. 20473.

specie:>. in the longer septa and fewer
septal number.
Occurrence and Geological age :-Sameas the preceding species. Reg. no. 20li·J.
Family I. ithostrolioni idae
ll'0RBIG:\Y. 1851
Genus Dor/odolia SALEf.:, 1920
Dor/odotia fu)imotoi !Go, n. sp.
Pl. 19. figs. 13. 14. 15.

Caninia sp. B
Pl. 19, figs. 3. 4.

Corallum simple. corallite small in size.
about 20 mm in diameter. Outer wall
Yery thin. Surface character unobser\'·able.
:\lajor septa 30. long, reach near center.
thin. flexible or straight. and more orless thickend with j-)tereoplasmic deposits
especially in cardinal quadrant. Minor
septa almost lacking, but very short ones
appear sporadically at maturity.
Dissepiments arranged herriugbone
pattern or concentrically in peripheral
zone. but in some cases dissepiments
considerably vesiculated and major septa
interrupted· at periphery.
In longitudinal section. dissepiments
variable in size. four to ti\·e rows. andtheir convex sides faced upwards andinwards. Fourteen tabulae in distanceof 10 mm. complete or incomplete. hori·zontal. more or less loosely spaced.
Remarl?s :-The present species is closely
related to Caninia sp. A of the present
district. but has fewer number of septa.
less distinct tertiary septa and irregulartabulae. It is also related to Caninia
quardrifossu/,z C111 of the \Yeiningian
System of South China. however. theformer possesses fewer septa and lessdistinct fossula than those of the latter.
lt is easily distinguishable from C. sim·
p/iseptala C111. which is also a \VeiningianCorallum composite. fasciculate. Outerwall thick. but surface character unob·
servable. Corallites circular in trans·verse section and variable in size. Dia·
meter of cora !lites about six to nine mm
in full growth.
Diameter of.Kumber ofmajor septa

3. 0 mm
3. 5 mm
4.0mm
5.2mm
6.:?mml:l
12

cot·allite

7. 0 mm
7. 0 1111ll
7.8mm
S. 8 mm

l:i

18
18
L!J
~ll

1!1
~~

In early stage of corallites major septa
12 ro 15. and arranged pinnately. Count·er and cardinal septa joined across coral·
lites. slightly strengthened by stereo·
plasmic deposits and consists of weakcolumella. Lonsdaleoid dissepiments notde\'cloped and septa reach to externalwall. Dis~epimems also lacking or poorly
de\'eloped and general feature closely
related with Siplwnodendron. Later, car·dina! septum apart from Lhe cunter
septum and few concentric dissepiments
appear.
In next stage. lonsdaleoid dissepiments
partially appear ususally in alar side.
and septa become discontinuous and413.

Middle Carboniferous Corals from the Ichillotani Formation

gradually increase in septal number. At
mature stage two to four rows of lonsdaleoicl clissepiments well developed andall major septa interrupted and restricted
to intermediate zone. Septa become of
two orders. major and minor : former
long but not reaching to center slightly
thickened by stereoplasmic deposits, thelatter alternate with major, but very
short and almost rudimentary. Inner
dissepiments less developed and arranged
concentrically. Columella rather reduced
and less distinct than younger stage but
mostly connected with counter septum.
Finally it separates from counter septum.
In longitudinal section. large lonsdale·oid dissepiments arranged in one or two
rows in periphery and their faces directed
upwards as well as inwards. Tabulae
well developed and nearly horizontal.
Remarlts :-The present new species
differs from Thysanophvl/um circulocysti·
Clllll Cmr emend Yu and T. asiaticum Yt
which \\'l'rc referred to Dor!odotia by!vliNATO (195:i), in the more numerous
lonsclaleoid dissepimcnts. It also closely
resembles !Jor/odotia biarili SALEf.: fromthe Lower Carboniferous of France. thetype species of this genus. but it can be
distinguished from it by the more numerous septa and stronger columella.
MI:-<ATO 11955· proposed Pseudodor!odo·
tia for Dor!odotia with indistinct columella. The present form shows featuresintermediate in biocharacter between thetwo mentioned genera in the poor development of the columella at maturity.
Thus the writer hesitates to accept thegeneric validity of Pseudodorlodotia~!INA TO.

On:urrenre :-~'liclclle course of the lchi·
notani valley, Fukuji, Kamitakara Village,
Yoshiki County, Gifu Prefecture.
Gr,o/ogiwl !1/!P :-Early Middle Carboniferous lthe Profusulinella zone or thelowest Fus~tliuf'!/a zone 1. Reg. nos. 21088

1:n(holotype). 21087 (paratype).
Family ALtlophyllidae DYIIO\\'SI\1, 1873
Genus Kirmopltyllum C111, 1931
1\.oinoplzy//um carbonarium lG(\ n. sp.
Pl. 18. figs. 16, 17.

Corallum simple, corallitc small andcircular in transverse section. Diameterof corallite 15 mm in full growth. Outer,,·all thick. Pentareal arrangement dis·tinct.
Major septa 21. flexous, slightly thick·ened by stereoplasmic deposits. especiallyin proximal portions: restricted in inter·mediate zone. dissepimental. and large
vesiculate zone, In outer zone septa
entirely incomplete and rarely appear as
septal clenticles. 1\1 i nor septa not deve·
loped.
Columella spindle-like in transverse
section and composed of mNlian plate,very few incomplete axial tabellat· andhighly strengthened by stereoplasmic
deposits and directly joined with counter
septum.
Dissepiments of inner ones poorly de·veloped and more or less of angloconccnt·
ric pattern.
Lonsdaleoid dissepiments
in outer zone comprise large peripheryand less large inner ones and occupy a
broad area and attain about y~ radiusof corallite.
In longitudinal section two or threero\vs of large outer vesicules occupy
peripheral zone, and their convex sides
faced upwards as well as inwards. Eleventabulae in space of 5 mm, complete. hori·zontal or slightly convex with rather
rapid arching encl.
Remarks :-The present species rcsem·
bles Kiouophy!!um dibuuwu CI 11 describedfrom the Laokanchi limcstonl' of theWeiningian System. Kueichou. South
China. however. the forml'r is easily dis-132

Hisayoshi !G6

tinguishable from the latter in the smal·ler size. less number of septa. and welldeveloped large lonsdaleoid dissepi menrs.
Previously I (FUJJ:\WTO and lc{) 1958)
considered that the genera Kionup/iyllum
CHI and Geyeropliy/lum HERITSCH wereindependent and included the present
form into the latter genus. However. I
now believe that the difference between
both genera is slight and of no genericvalue as already mentioned IJy HILL

Ivlajor septa rather long. flexible or
straight and slighlly thickened by stereoplasmic deposits in inner dissepimental
zone. gradually thinning distally. Count·er septum ctirectly united with columella.
!VIinor septa shorter than former. restrict·ed in inner dissepimentarium and occasionally interrupted.

(1956).

Occurrence and Geological a;.;e :-Sameas the preceding species. Reg. no. 21086(holotype).

Family Lonsdaleiidae CHAMI':\JAN, 1893
Genus /vrmooia DOBROLYUHOVA. 1935
ll'mzovia man elm ril·a f onna
podo!shensis DORROL YUBOVA
Pl. 18. figs. 1. 2. 3. text-fig. 1.
1935

Imnm,ia podolskiensis

Dollt~ou:HO\'A:

Trans. .-Ill-Union Res. Ins/. Ecrm. Min.,
Vol. 81. pp. ~S. 45. pl. 12. ligs. 1-2.
1944 Cystophyllum manclmrica forma Podolski·
en$iS Y,\LlE et Ect.:CJIJ: Geol. Soc. faprm.
four., Vol. 57. pp. 74 76. pl. ~. fig. 3.

Corallum compound. massive. apheroid
and partly cerioid. Corallites of unequalsize. and confluent by lonsdaleoid dissepi·
ments or partially bounded by disti net
but highly discontinuous external walls.
Distance to center of adjacent corallites
measures from five to 10 mm. Diameterof intrathet:al region usually 5.0 mm infull growth. Septa consists of two orders.
major and minor and variable in septal
number.
Diameter of
intrathecal
region
5.5mm
5.0mm
5.0mm
5.0mm
6. 5mmNumber ofmajor septa
.,
1....
13
12
12
18

Number ofminor septal.3- --12
12
7

11

Text-fig. 1. v.~riously t:Onstructed columellaof bJtniOl'ia maudmri,:a forma podolskiensi.<.

CDI umella a direct prolongation of
septum and yery variable. rather complicated and of general forms of Politheralis-like and other styliform type. Polytheat!is·like columella oval in transverse
section. composed of thick median plateand few radiating lamellae and well circumscribing axial tabellae and sometimes
form cob-web structure. Such columella
strengthend by stercoplasmic deposits
in various grades. Inner wall distinct
in some corallites. Lonsdaleoid dissepi·
ments various in size and shape. Occa·
sionally short spine of septal denticles
developed.
In longitudinal setion. tabulated arearather narrow and horizontal or convex
tabulae coarsely developed. nine or lessin space of 5 mm. Lonsdaleoid dissepi·
rnents large. unequal in size. and theircom·ex sides faced upwards as ,,·ell as
inwards. Columella composed of thickmedian plate and steeply arching axial
tabellae. Styliform type of collumella
originated from above mentioned typebut with strong stereoplasmic deposition.
Remark~:- The present species has
rather well developed external wall and413.

!11iddle Carboniferous Corals from the lclzinotani Formation

complicated columella. Thus I am obliged to conclude that it belongs to /. man·c!mrica forma podolsl~iensis rather than toeither I. mallclmrica forma kikkawai or /.
manclmrica (s.S.I. However. the variously
constructed columella, even adjacent coral·
lites, suggests that the coral lites have biocharacters intermediate between /. mall·clmrica podolskicnsis and /. mandmrira(s.s.l.
Occurrence :-Northern slope of thelchinotani \'alley, 1\amitakara Village.
Yoshiki County, Cifu Prefecture.
Geological age :-~·Iiddle Carboniferous
rupper part of the Fusulim:lla zone1. Reg.
nos. 21 HH. 21195. 21196.

h·anovia manc/mrica forma
eguchii IGO, n. forma.
PI 18. fig . .t.

Corallum compound. massive. apheroid
and partly cerioid. Corallites usually six·
sided but irregular in shape. bounded byrather thin and htghly dtsconttnuous
external wall. External wall usuallylacking at corner of corallites and confluent by lonsdalcoid dissepiments. Wallthree layered. not straight throughout.
zig-zag in transverse section and withnumerous short spine-like projections.
Diameter of center of corallites five toseven mm. Size of corallites variable
but usually six to eight mm in shorterand 10 to 12 rnm in longer diameter.
\lajor septa 14 to 17. long, reach near
center of corallite flexible. slightly thick·enecl and usually disappear in peripheral
londsdalcoid dissepimental area. Minor
septa short, about half length of major
septa and frequently discontinuous in
inner dissepimental zone.
Columella simple palicolumclla and a
direct prolongation of counter septum.
more or less flexible median lamellar
with slight stereoplasmic deposits andv::~

a few axial tabellae. Lonsdaleoid dis·sepimental zone well developed. rather
variable in width. where septa completely
disappear. Inner dissepiments arranged
concentrically. lnner wall less distinct
but stereotheca ,-ery feebly developed.
In longitudinal section central axis
formed by vertical lamellae and supplemented with sporadical axial elements.
Tabulated area narrow horizontal or
down to center. rather coarsely spaced,
density of six to eight in vertical dis·lance of five mm. Large lonsdaleoid disscpiments irregular in shape, o\·crtapping
one another, three to fiye rows and theirconvex sides faced upwards as well as
inwards.
Remarks :-The present form is charact·erized by the simple lamellar palicalum·
ella and external wall. Rudimentarycolumella suggests that this type is close!~· related with forma lmmboldti but theclist inct wall separates it t hercfrom. Also
it can be distinguished from forma kik·k(llcai in the de\'elopment of the wall.
This form was found in the same hand
specimen containing the forma podolski·
ensis, but they are independent stocks.
Occurrence and Geological age :-Sameas the preceding species. Reg. nos. 21197( holotypc ).
Genus Liang/wuophyllum TsENG. 1949
TSEl'\G r1949 i established Liangslwno·
p/iy/lum based upon / •. lui TSEl'G as asubgenus of Waageuophyllum; his dia·gnosis is as follows:.. Phaceloid and cerioicl corals of medium
to small size; nature of septa like thoseof Waagenopllyl/um. tertiary septa some·times present; dissepiments not welldevoloped. and loosely disposed usuallyforming a narrow zone at the peripheral
region. combined with thickened septa
forming strong slereozone; tabulae zone
broad and prominent: axial column per·

Hisayoshi [G(j1:34

sistance composed of arched tabellae andfew radial lamellae. the median plate
being distinct. formed by elongated cardinal and counter septa".
Diswssion :-YABE (1950)
proposed
HumtKia for the Chinese species of Cor·w(mia such as C. chiilsingensis CHI. C.
chihsiaensis HUANG. C. chiuyaoshaensis

HUAN<;. C. parm·hihsiaensis HUANG. C.
lipoensis HUA!'\G and C. diphyphy!loides
HUAN<;.
Also he pointed our several
species described by DoUGLAS (1936) from
Iran as of ll'aagenop!tyllum to his newly
proposed genus.
YABE's classilication
seems to be valid and subsequent Japan·
ese students accepted the generic name

Table 1. Comparison among s::vcral Liangslzanop!zyllum species*=~--~ d~lax. !Nm:bcr:--~Co_o-lu.mcl_l_al-~-~,~o. ~f ~~mme- i1 of: !\linor:s!.pta
1 ter o_f major
seJ>ta I
lcoralhte
m 111mDissepim:_n ntael'· 01

speci;:s~~~-'- --·I

clziitsingells:s

1:!

30

1

I

short

1

. mn:tI m d1a.

'1jcompact . wide.
5-3. 5(4? rows)
1wi(~e9. 0-1020 -24

has/iimotoi~030

mockratcll ,,~oosewidechiuyaos/1!111·
ensis

8

~5

short

chihsiaeusis

11

narrow(2-3 rows)
narrow
I (2 rows)

paradzisiasnsis

20-271

7-8/ij!Oei/SCmoderate• compact
3-4

moderatell~se

22-231' short

diphyphylloides

7

20-22

!iii

5

17-191 short

5. 5

18-221 short

5-7

21-24

stereoseptatum
tcengchell·gense

compal:t
1. 5-z;o~se

18-22 I short

short, compact
I 2. 7compact· 2. 7compact
L 5-L 3I
I

G;:ological age·-----··_1 ____ - - -mizuyagadaniensis

I·Tabulae
in 3
1
1
mm

c1o!;lp1a;t. __ . ,,(3-:> rows): 1-8(5-ti rows) 1

1

I?
narrow
I (2 rows)

10

1

56

4-5
5-6

4-5

I narrow(2 rows)

6-7n(1ar,;ow)- - rows

5-6'I,yeiningian Is.

(Middle Carboniferous)
jlchinotani formation(Middle Carboniferous)
I Pseudosduvagenw zone?
, (Early Permian ?)Failaifeng Is.
(Mid. Permian)I
Chihsia Is.
' (Mid. Permian)

5

narrow(l row)11
1:Maokou Is. (Late
Permian)moderate' compact ?
?
[_L 5-l. 8 _·_ _ _ _ - - - - · - - - - _ _ _ _ __The table sug~:rests that the evolutional tendency of Uangslumophyllum is retrogressive rather than pro~ressive in corallite size. septal number. developementsof columella. and arrangements of tabulae and diss~pimcnts.
_____
I ___

*

Explanation of Plate 18
Figs. 1-3. h•anm,ia mznrhurica forma podolslliensis DOUROL YBO\'.\
1. 2. Transverses sections, showing variously constructed columella and persisted wall,
x 4: 3. Longitudinal section, x 4.
Fig. 'l. lr•anoz,ia mandmrica forma eguclni lc<'l n. forma.
4, Trans\·erse section of the holorype; note almost complete wall and simple columella. x 1.

JG6: Carboniferous corals

S. AOKI and H , !Go photo

Plate 18

413.

Middle Carboniferous Corals from the lclzinotaui Formation

for the ?.Iiddle Carboniferous and Permian" Corwenia ".
However. almost at thesame time TSE:\G's proposal of a new
genus appeared. TSEKG's Liangs/zanopliyflum appearently differs from the typical
Waagenopllyllum especially in the arrangements of the tabulae. This difference may be of generic rather than ofsubgeneric value. lt resembles l/eritschia~!oORE and JEFFORDS so far as concerns
the disposition of the tabulae.
The type species of Ilurmgia Y1\BE. H.
cliiitsingensi.~ (CHI) described from the]\Iiddle Carboniferous Weiningian limestone of South China. slightly differsfrom the type species of TsE~G·s Uang·sllanopltyl!um. in the more crowded tabu!·
ae. broad dissepimental zone and compli·
cated axial structure. Therefore. there
are some doubts whether the typicalIluan1,ria (i.e. Huangia rhiitsingensis)
and If. mizuyagadaniensis. described fromthe ~Iiddle Carboniferous are congeneric
the typical Liangshanophy!lum. However.
I tentatively treat HuauKitl YABE as a
junior synonym of Liangslwnop!tyf!um
TSE:'\G. This view was also mentioned
by S.'\.TO (1959).

1:~::)

at maturity. long. reach to near central
area. extend into axial complex. thick indissepimental area. and thin and moreor less t1exible in exothecal region. :\lostof them joined with septal lamellae. Tv.-amajor septa. probably cardinal and count·er septa clireclly joined with ml·dian
plate. but separated from each other atsenile. \l!inor septa well dewloped, alternate with major ones. about ~'~ as longas major and restricted in dissepimental
zone.
Axial complex rather irregular andincomplete spinder-web structure. com·posed of rather thick but flexible medianplate. thin septal lamellae, and axial
tabellae. Dissepiments arranged concentrically but partially herringbone patternespecially at maturity. Inner wall moreor less distinct stereotheca.
In longitudinal section. triarcal arrangements well recognized.
Dissepiments
three to five rows in peripheral zone.
and their faces directed upwards andinwards. Horizontal and steeply downwards inclined tabulae densely developedin medial zone. Axial column composedof flexible median plate and steeply or
gradually arched axial tabellae.

Liangs/wnophyllwn mizuyagadm1iensis(KAME!)
Pl. 19, figs. 7-12. tcxt-lig. 2.
1957 Huangia mizuyagadaniensis K.niEl: jour.
Shinshu Uni1·., pp. 33 34. pl. 2. figs. l,
2: pl. 3. figs. 1-1.
1958 lluangia japonicu IGc• (nomen nudum):
Proc. ]ap:m. Acad., l'ol. 3·1. So. 3.

Corallum compound, fasciculate. Coral·
lites cylindrical. long. circular in trans·
Yersc sectinn and rather close to eachother. Diameter of corallites about 9.0
to lOmm at maturity. External wall thin.
but slightly thickened by deposits.
Septa of two orders. major and minor.
~lajor septa usually 20 to 24 in number

Text·fig. 2. Longitudinal S(!ction of f.iangsll!mophyl!um mizu.vagada11iensis. showing thedisposition of the tabulae.

l!isayoshi Jr;(iIncrease of corallites laterally and threeor two daughter corallites arise simul·
taneously from mother corallite.
Remarks:-The present species closely
resembles Liangshanophyflum clmtsiugen·sis (CHI.l in many ieatures and the differ·ence between the two species are slight.
The former differs from the latter in theless number of major septa, longer minor
septa, and slighllr smaller size of corallite.
Occurrence :-Ichinotani and !vlizuyagadani valleys, Fukuji. Kamitakara Village.
Yoshiki County. Gifu Prefecture.
Geological age :-~Iiddle Carboniferous
upper part of the Fusulinella zone). Reg.
nos. 21090. 21092. 21093. 21801. 21802(topotypes).
References
C11r. Y. S. (1931): Weiningian (Middle Carboni·
fcrous) corals of China. PJI. Si11ica. sl!"r.
B. Vol. 12, fasc. 5, pp. 1-70, pis. 1-5.
- - (1935) : Additional fossil corals from the\Veiningian limestone of Hunan, Yunan.

and Kwangshi provinces in southwestern
China. Ibid .. ser B, mi. 12. jasc. 6. pp.
t-38, pis. 1-3.
DouRoLL'BOVA. T. A. (1937): Simple coralsof the Myatshkova and Podolsk horizonsof the Middle! Carboniferous oi the Moscow Basin. !lead. Sci .. U.S.S.R .. /tlSI.
Sci. ,lfin. E.·o11 .. Trans. lnst .. Pal., t•o/. 6.
pp. 1-92, pis. 1 <?3.
Dot:GI.,-\S, ]. A. (1936): i\ Permo-Carboniferous
fauna from southwest Persia (Iran): Pal.
lndim. 11. s .. mi. 22. tzo. 6, pp. 1-59, pis.

1-5.
EAsTo:-.<, W. II. (1944): Revision of Campopllyl/um in North America. ]our. Pal.. z•ol. 18.
110. 2. pp. 119-132, pl. 22.
FeJnloTo. II. and [Go. H. (1958): Stratigraph·
ic position of the corals in the lchinotani
formation (Carboniferous), Fukuji district, Ilida Massif. Central Japan. ?roc.
japan .-lead.. t•ol. 3-i, no. 3, pp. 159-163.
Hr::RITSCII, F. (1936) : Eine Ca•;i11ia aus dem
Karbon des de Geer-Bcrges im Eisfjord·
Gebict auf Spitzbergen. Skl'ijtcr. St,alband, ls/i.al•et, no. 2-1. pp. 3-21. pis. 1-7.
- - (1936): Koral\en der Moskauer-.Gshel-und
Schwagerinen-Stuf;: der Karnischen Alpcn. Paleontogr ...·!bt. A. Bd. 38, pp. 100-

Explanation of Plate 19
Figs. 1. 2. Cauinia pseudoyohi lc6. n. sp.
1. Transverse section of the holotypc; 2. longitudinal section of the same specimen. x2.
Figs. 3. 4. Canill!a sp. B.
3. Longitudinal section; 4. transverse section (slightly oblique) of the same secirnen,
X l. 5.
Figs. 5, 6. Caninia sp. A.
5. Transverse section. x2: 6, longitudinal section of the sa:ne 5pecimen. xl. 5.
Figs. 7 ·12. Liaugslumophyllum mizuyagadaneusis (KA!\1 1-:1)
7, Transverse and longitudinal section. x2; 8, transverse sections of three corallites;left side and showing increase. of four daughter coral lites, X2: 9. transverse section.
x2. 5; 10. transverse section of silicitied specimen, 2. 5; 11, transversa s~ction. x 2;
12. longitudinal section, X 2. 5.
Figs. 13-15. Dorlodotia fujimotoi !Go. n. sp.
13, J.l. Tran~vcrse sections of the holotype, showing increase of the corallites, x 4; 15.
transver~e section of the same specimens,
x2.
Figs. 16, 17. Kionophyllum carbrmarium 1<.;6, n. sp.
16, Transverse section of the holotype: 17. longitudinal section of the same specimen_x2.

Ic6: Carboniferous Corals

S. AOKI and H . IG6 photo

Plate 19

413.

Middle Carboniferous Corals from the lchinotani Formation

163, pis. 14-18.
- - (1939): Die Korallcn des Jungpalaeozoikum von Spitzbergen. .."Jrkit•. Zoologi, lid.
31.-l, no. 16. pp. I-138. pis. 1-21.
Hru, D. (1956) : .. Rugosa" in Treatise on
bw:,rtebrate Paleontology, Pt. F. Geol. Soc.
America, pp. 233-324.
Ht:A:-.<.;, T. K. (1932): Permian corals of South
China. Pal. Sinit-a. ser. B. vol. 8. _f.tsc. 2.
pp. 1-163. pls. 1-16.
lGo. H. (I95fi): On the Carboniferous andPcr:11iau of the Fukuji district, Hida
Massif. with special reference to thefusulinid zones of the lchinotani group.
Geol. Soc. Japan, ]m1r., vol. 62, pp. 1-27
240, (in Japanese with English abstruct).
- - (1958) : On the occurrence of Kottincko·
carinia from the [chinotani formation(Upper Paleozoic corals from Fukuji,
Southeastern part of the Ilida Massif.
Pt. 1). fop. four. Geol. Geogr., 1'0!. 20. no.
4. pp. 209-222, pls. 15-16.
- - (1959) : Notes of some Permian corals
from Fukuji. Hida massif, central japan(Upper Paleozoic corals from Fukuji, Pt.
2). Trans. Proc. Paleo11t. Soc. ]apa1z, 11. s.,/10. 3 4, pp. 79-85, pl. 8.
- - (1960a): First discovery of non-marine
sediments in the Japanese Carboniferous.
P1oc. ]ap:m Acad.. t•ol. 36, no. 8. pp. 498502.
- - (1960b): On the Japanese Fusulininac.
Fossils, no. 1, pp. 7-11 (in Japanese).
KA~IEI, T. (1957) : Two Permian corals from
the Mizuyagadani formation. four. Sltillshtt UniP., vol. . No. . pp. 29-35, pis. 1-4.
Ml:--;ATO, M. (1955): Japanese Carboniferous
and Permian corals. Hokkaido Univ. Fac.
Sci., jour., ser. 4, ~·ol, 9, no. 2, pp. 1-202,
pis. 1-43.
MooRr;, R. C. and ]EI'FORDS, R. M. (1941) :

-

....

,

-

137

New Permian corals from Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. f{ausJs Geol. Sun•.,Bull., 38, pt. 3, pp. 65-120. pis. 1-8.
OzAW.\, Y. (19:25): Paleontological and strati·
graphical studies 011 the Permo-Carboniferous limestone of Nagato, Pt. 2. Tokyo
Imp. Univ., Coli. Sci., jour. vo/. 45, art.
6. pp. 1-90, pls. 1-14.
SATO, T. (1959) : Key to the genera of ]<.panes;: Carboniferous and I'ermina tetra·
corals: Earth Science, no. 41, pp. 32-42(in Japanese)
STUCI'El'DERG. A.
(1895): Korallen und
Bryozoen der Steinkohlen-Ablangerungender Urals und des Timan. St. Petersburge Com. Geol. Russie, •Hem., t•ol. 10,
no. 3, pp. l-244, pis. 1-24.
Tsr.:--;c, T. C. (1949) : Note on the Lianglwnophy/lum. a new subgenus of Waage·wphy1/mn from Permian of China. Geol. Soc.
China, Bull., t'Ol. 29, pp. 97-104, pl. 1.
YABE, H. (1950): Permian corals res~mbling
IVaageuophyflum and Connmia. Proc. japan
A.cad., vol. 26, nos. 2-5. pp. 74-79.
- - and Ecuc11r, M. (194-1): Corals from thePenchi coal field . .Manchukuo: four. Geol.
Soc. japau, vol. 51, pp. 72-76, pl. 3.
--and HA Y.\S.\KA, I. (1915) Paleozoic corals
from Japan, Korea, and China: Geo/. Sor:.
Tokyo, jour., vols. 22-23.
Yon, S. Sand HU,\NG, T. K. (1932): The coralfauna of the Chihsia limestone of th~:lower Yangtze valley. Pal. Sinica, st.T. B,
rol. 8, fasc. 1, pp. 1-72, pis. 1-10.
YO, C. C. (1932): Lower Carboniferous corabof South China. Ibid., ser. B, rot. 12,
fasc. 3, pp. 1-212, pis. 1-24.
- - (1934) : Dcs(;riptions of (;Orals collectedfrom the Maping and Huanlung limestones in South China . •Vat. Ree. lnst.
Geol. Mem., vol. 1·1, pp. 55-72, pls. 9-13.

138

PROCEEDINGS ON THE PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF JAPAN

Ll *l'f~E~~~f:i'< 7Y lill(§!J~l±.

1961 ~ 9 J1 23 Ll~iR*~J;Jlj~fl!Sjtl!T£!'f:1.l(~j.:,;f3\-•"(f~l!l!1 ~ .hf.:o($~i'i

31 f,)}]lj

Reef corals and glaciation ......... .
. . . . . . . . . . . Ting Ying H. MA

A.

,/1*

Cretaceous Foraminifera from the !'.Hddlc
Yczo Group of the Ikushumbetsu. Miru·
to and Hatonosu Areas, Hokkaido. Pt.
1. Planktoic Foraminifera. (f\:~).
.............................. Yokichi
TAKAYA:>:AGI and Hisaichi lwA.\IOTO
Eoc;!ne planktonic Foraminifera from Haha·
jima (Hillsborough Island). ( f~IDt) ....
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tsunemasa SAt TO
On some Triassic Pelecypods from Pahang
Province, Malaya. (tt~) ............. .
...................... Akira ToKl.W A~ IA
Pelecypods from the Liassic Yamaoka For·mation in West Japan. (ft~) ....... .
.......................... ltaru HAYA~II
Some Jurassic Pelecypods from the Awazu
and Yamagami Formations in Northeast
Japan. (ft~) .............. Itaru ILHAMI
On the Nippononuia from the Tetori Group.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shiro MAEDA
Trigoniid from the Tetori Group in the
Furukawa District. Central Japan .....
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shiro MAEDA
New Subgenus of Pearl Oyster, Eopi11ctada,from the Cretaceous Mifune Group in
Kumamoto Prefecture. Japan. . .....
........................ Minoru T.~Ml:RA
Dasybat11s from the Japanese Miocene. (~~)...... Kotara lL>.TAt and Tamio KoTAKA
Chevcrons of G/ycyn:eris shells ............ .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sh6zo IIAYASAKA
Pliocene shells from th~ Onma Formation
around Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Pre·

fccture, Japan ........................ .
...... Yoshio KAsF.:>:o and N. MATsl:L:RA
Crctacem1s Echinoids from the Saochu
Graben. Central Japan. (fl::l!A:) ........ .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Keis..1ku TAX AKA
Spinileberis, a new genus of Ostracoda fromthe Pacific. (ft~) .... · ...... · ........
.......................... Tetsuro HAN AI
l:t ~ili'£<p~fft(l) 1 '1- ;I ? 7i.::. ft'E' ...... £1-f.l!JJil!.
Burrow structure of Ocypodian crabs foundin the Pleistocene calcarenite of beachsand origin, Southern Okinawa, Ryukyu
Rctto ..................... Kenji KoNtSIIl
lic/millllwida· and Pufeodictyon-type Ichno·
fossils from the Northern Okinawajima, Ryukyu Retto ....... Kenji Ko:->tSHI
A new Occurrence of Desmoslylus from .Noto
Peninsula. Central Japan. . .......... .
........................ Yoshio KAst=::-;oA find of Erin::rceus from Ikumo, Yamaguchi
Prefecture ... Y. HASEGAWA and T. HARA
Equid fossils from Iwatc and Miyagi Pre·
fectures .............................. .
. ..... Tokio SI!IKA~IA and Yoshio ONUKJ
On the New genus Mmtosttfcopo/lenites from
the Miocene diatomnceous Beds of Noto
Peninsuia, Central Japan ..... Norio F1. 1J 1
Mesozoic plants from the Itoshiro Subgroup, the Tetori group, Central Hon·shu, Japan. Part 3..... Tatsuaki KIMURA
Further note on a fossil Palm trunk from
Kanaza wa. ( fl:~) ...... Yudzuru 0Gu RP.
ER~wr~7fQ~f17J~~M~tM•{t:fi={!li ( f'Citt) .................. itl!ii!W.i!ii!n~m~Wilill~~~. .. .. . ..

. ...................... Jj,:ffi(-

ft::GJ£~Jilf1E(l)IL.~Illi.r!f................. m111

ut

1t.E ; ''·<'H(l)*&t,!i · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 'H'§{l!.::::->J- ;.~ ~ ~fiH:. "?v ·-r ....... · · · · · · · · · · ·:fi'Jt i!P~~cy:J::J: !J Jft.:m_~ ..r :/:i-t:H(1)7H!{(1).::.::::::Q)fYj/l!'l .......•.................. f/.llt7t!:ll!

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