a -lt"~±~~~~*·ic.:fTransactions and Proceedings.

of thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New SeriesNo. 18Palaeontological Society of Japan

June 20, 1955

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
263. lsogramma paotechowe11sis (GRABAU et CHAo) from the Permian ofJapan ........................................................................... Masao MINATO 29
264. Tertiary Mollusca from Taishu Mine, Tsushima, Nagasaki Prefecture,
Japan ........................................................................... Saburo KANNo 31
265. Evolution of Peroniceratidae ................................. Tatsuro MATSUMoTo 37
266. llidaella, r new genus of the Pennsylvanian fusulinids from the Fukuji
district, eastern part of the Hida mountainland, Central Japan ........... .
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haruyoshi FuJIMoTo and Hisayoshi IGo 45
267.

Spirosigmoili~tclla, a new foraminiferal genus from the Miocene of Japan........................................................................... Takashi MATSUNAGA 49
PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (9) .............................................................~. ...

51

PROCEEDINGS ..........................................................................................

51

President:

Hisakatsu YABE

Counciiiors:

Kiyoshi AsAr:-;o, Riuji E:-loo(Business and Accountant), Scido

ENoo, Haruyoshi FuJIMOTo (Publication), Shoshiro HANZAWA, lchiro
HAYASAKA, Nobuo lKEUE, Teiichi KoBAYASHI (Editor), Jiro MAKIYAMA,
Tatsuro MATSUMoTo, Masao MINATo, Tokio SuiKAMA, Fuyuji TAKAI(General Affairs), Hisakatsu YABE.

All Communications relating to this Journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Japan

Trans. Pro.:. Pal:teont. Soc. Japan. N. S .. No. 18, pJ). 29-30. 1 text-fig., june 20, 1955

263. ISOGRAMMA PAOTECHOWENSIS (GRABAU ET CHAO)FROM THE PERMIAN OF JAPAN*
MASAO MINATO
Hokkaido University, Sapporo

Isogramma paotechowet~sis (GRADAU et CHAo)

8:<fi:(l)=:~f;e/mi:.Pl-t:;iiJJII~t.'i,tr·;~~]J,!,:;$:

an!IJJ :ltt1~1ll~iR-c:Jil.Ji!J<I'Ht.E:a:-=!*m L-t.::o:. -{-(l)!:pi.:.~~(l)fil\;6:~. <-t.tt ·n ·t.:.o :::f%~t.dl~*-r't~~;6:1.·'1::>1,;? (l)lJC~:a:-fi'-?t.:o *filllt~*· :6/iit~~im~ L-cfl!Hs·~~vt:~t.:tl:. -{-(1)~fl::lt=:1:1;~:C.

1:::. ifJiE tt ~"' ~ (, (1) ·{! ~. Q 0~

1Fjfji

Jsogramma paoteclwwensis (GRABAU et
CuAo) is a brachiopod characterized byits large size. semi-circular shell formand quite unusual ornamentation of shellsurface.
Very lately this species was discovered
for the first time in Japan by S. MAEKAWA at Hoso-o-zawa, Tukit:-~te-mura.
Motoyoshi-gun. Miyagi Prefecture. The
geological horizon of this occurrence is
the Lower Kanokura seriesD of the Kitakami mountains. and is doubtlessly
Permian in age.
The writer is grateful to Mr. S. MAF.KAWA for his courtesy in submitting his
specimen for study to the present writer.
Isogramma paoteclwwe11sis(GRABAU et CnAo)
Text-fig. 1

1928. Aulacorhynclms Jmotechowensis, GRABAU
et CHAO: Productidae of China, 2, Pa·laeout. Sinica, Ser. B, vol. V, fasc. III, p.
3:3, pl. 1, figs. 1-5.

1931. Isogramma paotechowensis, AIGNER und
HERITSCII: Das Genus Isogramma im
Carbon der SUdalpen. Denkschrijten d.

Akad. lVissn!schaj'tell IVien. J.fathem.-Nal.
Wiss . .h.?asse, 102, p. 307, pl. 2, figs. 32-36;
pl. 3, figs. 37-44; pl. 4, figs. 45-51 ; pl. 5,
figs. 52, 53, 67, 71.

* Read Oct. 1954; received Nov. 2, 1954

1935. Isogramma paotechouJeusis, 1\IETZ: Eine
Fauna aus den untersten Schichten desOhercarbons der 1\.arnischen Alpen. N.
]b. f Min. usw. Heil. Bd. 75, Abt. U, p.
171, pl. 5, fig. 17.

Shell attaining quite a large size.
transversely semicircular in outline.
Both cardinal and frontal margins of theshell are torn off. but width of shell isestimated to be nearly twice the length:
namely, it is 128 mm wide, while it isassumed to be about 64 mm in length.
Hinge-line is straight, probably equaling
the greatest width of shell, or possibly
only slightly shorter. Shell is slightly
concave around umbonal region, but isotherwise almost flat.
Cardinal area distinct, about 3 mm
high at umbonal region, gradually lowering toward cardinal extremities. On
cardinal area, external surface sculpture
is impressed, which consists of minutepunctures with indistinct vertical striae
here and there.
Numerous, sharply raised concentriclirae decorate whole shell surface which
are almost parallel everywhere to theshell margins, and alternating withrather flattish concave furrows of almost
equal width. In these fiat-bottomed
furrows very numerous punctures areobserved that are generally arranged in-29-

l\bs:to l'viiNATO

30

Text-fig. 1.

lsogmmma paotechowensis (GRABAU et CHAO) x 1.

four rows along concentric lirae.
No internal structure observable, because the specimen is preserved as amold of an external surface of the shell.
Remarks :-With regard the generalouter form, size and sculpture, the spe::.imen under consideration is doubtlessly
conspecific with lsogramma paolcchowcnsis, described by CnAo, AIGt-:ER andHERITscu and also by Mnz. Formerly
CuAo claimed the dorsal valve of thisspecies to lack cardinal area, however,
it is not true: AIGNER and HERITScH
recognized its presence and illustrated
in many figures. The presence of the
cardinal area in the dorsal valve is also
ascertained in the Kitakarni specimen as
above deacribed.
This species was once believed torepresent the Upper Carboniferous but
not the Permian. However, all of CHAo's
specimens were said to have been derived
from the Taiyuan formation of North
China, so that the age of this species
must be now regarded Lower Permian :furthermore, AIGNER and liERJTscH described this species from the Cora-formation in the Carnic Alps, and accordingly
the geological age of this species can
not but be Permian.
Besides, the age of the so-called

Phot.: S. KtJI\IANo

Waideggerfauna (the so-called Upper
Carboniferous fauna) in association with
Isogramma paotcclrozccmis described by
METZ from the Carnic Alps is also of
the Permian age.
The Kitakami specimen also is Permian, nnd especially the Early Middle
Permian in age, being found in association with Productus grafiosus, Liuoproductus cora, Derbyia gra11(/is, 1\largiuifera lougispinus. Spidfen'na cristata, etc.
Thus, the occurrence wholly coincides
with that of the Waideggerfauna in the
Carnic Alps. All the associate speciesof Isogramma in the Kita.kami Mountains
were also found by Mwrz in his Waideggerfauna in the Carnic Alps.
Loc. :-Hoso-o-zawa. Tsukitate-mura,
Motoyoohi-gun. Miyagi Prefecture.
Horizot~:-Lower Kanokura Series. Coli.:
S. MAEKAW A. Reg. 110.: 17838. Department
Geol. & l\'1in. Hokkaido Univ. Sapporo.
R<'fcrcnl'cS
HAYASAKA, 1. and l\1. MINATO (1954): A noteon the Carboniferous and Permian faunasof Japan. ]o111·. Foe. Sci. llokkaido Univ ..

vol. 8.
- - and - - (1954·a): The Palaeozoic ofJapan. Comptes rendus de Ia Dix-Neuvii'me
session, Alger 1952, Sectioll XIII, Fascicu/e

XIII. p. 193.

Trans. !'roc. l'alaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 18, pp. 31-36, Pl. 6, l text-fig., june 20, 1\!55

264. TERTIARY MOLLUSCA FROM TAISHU MINE, TSUSHIMA,NAGASAKI PREFECTURE, JAPAN*
SABURO KANNOTokyo University of Education, Tokyo~.!13. ::CHIIDt.lll~ it'ft:rii.:"':JI. ,-c: ~~q;;:.C~1i!~llli1· ~~f*m~tt.t:: iHt:rillH:~iM L t.:~i:lr: 14 00~fiij5E Lt.:. -t"->~.:W:.::.tt.tC>Mt:rilif~*tr~~n:-'}~ :1J-*: tC>:tvn 't.: J.: 'J t7li MVrtltilM H.: It
rrfiiltf.liJIII"-> t "->"{!~~.::.c. a-rotf,;i Lt:.
*lllE~f!&<ascribed because of their bad preservation. I. TATEIWA collected a small flora
from a dark grey shale expoEed on aroadside cutting near the village of
Kotsuki in Shimo- jima and from a similar
shale rear the entrance lo the village ofSaka in Kami-shima. From the flora
which comprises 16 forms of plant leaves,
he determined its geological age to be
Cretaceous- Paleogene.
Such being the state of our previous
knowledge on the geologic age of thesebeds, the present fauna is considered tohave important bearing on the problem.
The writer wishes to express his gratitude to Mr. I. SAGA. geologist of the
Toho-Aen Company, for kindly offering
his collection for examination and fororal information concerning their geological occurrence, and to Drs. Haruyoshi
Fun~loTo and Kotora HATAJ, both of
our Institute, for their constant guidance
during the course of the present work.

Introduction

Through the kindness of Mr. I. SAGA.
geologist of the Toho-Aen Company, thewriter had a chance to study the molluscan fossils collected h·om the Taishu
Mine in Sasu-mura, Tsushima Island,
Nagasaki Prefecture. Japan.
\Vith regard lo the geology of theisland. there arc three reports, namely,
by T. NASA (1891), D. SATo (1908) and
I. TATEIWA (1934). T. NAsA pointed outthat the island consists e;osentially of
disturbed alternating beds of shale andsandstone intruded in places by granite.
quartz-porphyry, porphyrite etc. Theserocks. he stated, show resemblance to
the Jurmsic series of Central Japan.
However. he found no fossils. D. SA-rodivided the strata into Lower and Upper.
The former occupies the northwesternpart of Kami-shima and the latter theremaining part of the island. Theirboundary extends northwesterly from
\Vaniura to Inugaura. From lithologic
similarity, he compared the beds with
the Mesozoic rocks of southwestern Japan.
and with those of south Korea. Although
he recorded the occurrence of the molluscan and plant remains, no definite age was

Fossil localities and occurrence
The Taishu group (TATEJWA, 1934),
generally speaking, is an alternation ofdark grey sandstone and black or darkgrey slaty shale, each having a thicknessof about 10 em. /\nd there often is aripple mark between the sandstone andthe shale.

* i{ead. Ocl. !J, 1954; received Nov. 7, 1954
31

32

Saburo KANNO

Text-fig. 1.

1\laps showing the locality.

So far to date. fossils have been hardly
reported from Tsushima excepting plant
and a few fragmental molluscan fossils.
However, molluscan fossils were discovered in 1953 by I. SAGA from in the
Shintomi-pit and Himi-pit of the Taishu
Mine (Text-fig. 1). The fossils were
derived from a one meter thick shaleintercalated in the alternation of sandstone and shale. The shale, althoughmassive, appears as a breccia in containing a number of angular pumice,quartz-porphyry and porphyrite.
The 14 species which are each represented by only one or several individuals ·were obtained from the Shintomipit. The shells are rather well preserved
but are impregnated with pyrite in part.
The distinguished forms arc :Acila (s. s.) sp. A single fragment.
Nucula (Lamellinucu/a) cf. hizcncnsis
NAGAo .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . Pl. 6, Fig. 1.
A single fractured specimen.
3. Anadara sp. A single fragmentary
specimen .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . Pl. 6. Fig. 2.
4. Chlamys ( Coralich/amys ?) cf. rutteni
1.
2.

l'VlARTIN

5.

6.
7.
8.

9.

10.
11.
12.

13.

14.

Patinopectcn kimurai (YoKOYAMA)
Cyrena aff. mirabilis NAGAO ... Pl. 6, Fig. 9.
A single specimen.
Lucinoma sp. A single fragmentary
specimen ........................ Pl. 6, Fig. 10.
Venericardia cf. yoshidai
NAGAO...
.. . .. .. Pl. 6. Fig. ll.
Meretrix aff. pseudomeretrix
NAGAO .......................... Pl. 6, Fig. 12.
A single specimen.
Dosinia cf. chikuzenensis NAGAo
Telli11a sp.
Phaxus aff. izumoensis (YoKoYAMA)
Euspira cf. ashiyaensis(NAc;Ao) ....................... Pl. 6, Fig. 17.
1JI pres;!rved specimen.
Neverila insig11is (NAGAO) A single
specimen .................. Pl. 6, Figs. 18a-b

Geologie age of the Taishu fauna

T. NAsA (1891) considered the beds
in question to be Jurassic in age fromtheir lithologic resemblance to the Jurassic :;trata of Central JaJ)an. D. SATo
(1908) claimed them to of Mesozoic

Tertiary lVIollusca from Taishu !\line, Tsushima, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japanbecause of their lithologic resemblancewith the 1\Iesozoic rocks of Nagato,
southwestem Japan. and with those ofsouth Korea.
However, I. T ATEIW A(1934) pointed out that the beds, fromtheir plant fossils and stratigraphic consideration. are of Cretaceo· Paleogene age.
So far as the flora is concemecl. a Lower
Tertiary age seems possible. but he wasinclined to regard the beds are rather
old owing to the stratigraphic relationof them to the rocks that intruded beds.
These intrusive rocks are probably contemporaneous with the eruptive rocks of
the Bukkokuji group of south Korea,
whose eroded surface is covered by the
Choki series which contains a Paleogene
flora of the so-called Arctic Miocene
type.

The present molluscan fauna, although
inadequate for discussing the chronological age, is important in that there is noevidence for a Cretaceous age. The
molluscan fauna is similar to that of
the Paleogene Ashiya group in northern
Kyushu, Japan. However, Patitwpccten
kimurai (YoKoYAMA) and the genus
Dosiuia are dominant elements in theearly half of the Miocene in Japan.
The plant fossils reported by TATEIWA
seems to be of Tertiary age. Therefore.
the writer concludes that the geologicalage is late Paleogene or early l\'lioccne.
However. it must be kept in mind thatthe age is restricted to the fossiliferous
beds and not to be the whole. Therefore, it may be added that detailed stratigraphic work is necessary to clear the
problem existing between the fossiliferous beds to the geology of the island.

Systematic Description

Familr Pectinidae
Genus Chlamys RontNG, 1798

33

Clllamvs (Corali'chlamys ?) ct. rut/cui
IVfARTIK, 1914
Plate 6. Fig. 31952. Chlamys (Coralichlamys?) mltcui l\IIZUNO.

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc .. Japan (NS.).
110,

6, pp, 188-189, pl. 17, fig. 6.

A single right valve. It is broken atits umbonal and postero-dorsal parts,and measures 6.0mm in length and 6.4mm
in height. This specimen has a small
shell and more than twenty narrow
radial ribs which are separated bybroader interspaces.

Genus Patinopecictz DALJ., 1898

Patiuopcctcn kimurai (YoKoYAMA), 1925
Plate 6, Figs. 4-8
1925. Pecten kimttrai YoKOYAI\IA, four. Col/.

Sci.. Imp. Utziv. Tokyo,

IJO/.

45, art. 5,

p. 27, pl. 4, figs. 1-6, pl. 2, fig. ·1.

Shell large, orbicular, more or Ieos
compressed. subequilateral. the anterodorsal margin being slightly longer thanthe posterodorsal. Surface with radialrits. Right valve with eight radiatingribs with no longitudinal riblets or striae
on their backs, separated by f'hallow
valleys of about equal breadth which
are smooth at bottom and show no
demarcation against the ribs. Ears subequal, the anterior one smaller, triangular in outline with its anterior bordersomewhat convex; byssal notch hardly
developed ; posterior ear also triangular
but gently curved from the hinge.line
to the posterior border. Isolated left
Yalve3 which probably belong to thesame spccie3 are less convex. provided
with fi11e network. granular ornamentation and radial ribs; ribs about eight innumber, roof-like, sharp, with valleys

Sahuro KANNu

34

equally formed, that is to say broadly
V -shaped : ears suhequal. triangular. provided with a few radiating riblets.
Hinge-line nearly straight but oblique.
The largest specimen (fig. 4) is 81 mm
in height, about 80 mm in length and
36 mm in length of hinge-line while
another (fig. 5) measures 20 mm inheight, 20.5 mm in length and 9 mm inlength of hinge-line.
Remarks :-The specimens resemble
Patitzopecten llimurai (YoKoY AI\ I A) (1925)
from the Jo-Ban Coal-field, but diverge
therefrom by having no radial striae
on the ribs of the right valve, and moreelevated and rigid ribs. P. murayamai(YoKoYAMA) (1926), is also similar but
is distinguishable by having equilateralvalves. and in having the right and left
valves nearly equaL P. kimurai ugocnsis
HATAI and NtstYAMA (1940) differs byhaving subequal valves. no strong radialribs and smaller shells. P. kimumi
tiganouraensis NAKAMURA ('1940) is dis·tinguishable by having a less numberof ribs which are gently elevated andbroadly rounded. P. kyushucusis (NAGAO)(1928) from the Paleogene of Kyusllu,
Japan. is somewhat akin but has numerous ribs. Therefore. the present specimens may represent a new form. However, the state of preservation does not
permit establishing a new name.

Family Veneridae
Genus Do~inia Scopof.l, 1777

Dosinia cf. clzikuzcnettsis NAGAo, 1928
Plate 6, Fig. 13.

is more or less compressed, it resembles
the paratype (fig. 14) of the named
species figured by NAGAo from northern
Kyushu, Japan. Dimensions: 39.8rnm inlength, 38.1mm in height.
Family Tell inidae
Genus Tellitla LJNNf:. 1758

Tel/ina sp. inclet.
Plate 6, Fig. 15.

Shell of moderate size. compressed,transversely elongate-ovate in outline.
Antero-dorsal margin fairly arched. postero-dorsal marigin straight with an indistinct excavation behind the umbo,
and forming an angle of about 1<15°with the antero-dorsal. Anterior end
evenly rounded, the posterior one rostrate and subtruncate: ventral margin
broadly arcuate. Umbo small, pointe::!,inconspicuous. Surface with crowded,
narrow and incremental concentric lines.
Test thin. Hinge plate and teeth unknown.
Dimcnsiou :-34 mm in height anp
54mm in length.
Remarks :-The single left valve issomewhat similar to T. maxima NAGAO(1928), but differs by having a more
cornpre...~ed shell, more rotmded anterior
end and rostrate posterior end. It is alsosimilar to the T. sp. figured by NAGAo(1928) from the Kiuragi Mine, northern
Kyushu, Japan. ~ince the Kiuragi specimens are both right valves. precise
comparison between these two forms isdifficult, but the writer holds the viewthat these two forms may prove to thesame specimens.

1928. Dosi11ia cllikuZi!IICIISis NACAo, Sci. R1~p.,
Tohoku Imp. llniv.. 211d ser.. rot. 12,
1, p. 64 (5·1), pl. 10, fig;;, -1-7, 9.

110.

Although the single specimen at hand

Family Glauconomidae
Genus Phaxus LEACH, 1852

Tl'rtiary Mollusca from Taishu Mine. Tsushima. 1\:agas•Jki Prefecture, Japan

Plwxus aff. iz11mocnsis(YoKOYAMA). 1923
Plate 6, Fig. 16.
1923. Cultcl/us izumoensis YoKOYAMA. ]ajJan.
]our. r:co/. (;cogr .. vol. 2, p. 5, pl. 2. fig. 1.
1925. Culte/lus izumoensis YoKOYAMA. ]our.
Col/. Sci., Tokyo Imp. Univ., vo/. ·15, art.
6, p. 18, pl. 5, figs. 2, 3.
1928. Cultel/us izumoensis NAGAo. Sci. Rep.

Tohoku Imp. U1ziv., 2nd ser.. t•ol 12, 110.
1, p. 82 (75), pl. 4, fig<l. 1-4.

One specimen. It resernble3 Cultel/us
sp. aff. C. izumoe11sis YoKoYAl\IA, tlgurcd
by NAGAo (1928) from the Paleogene
formation of Kyushu.
However. our
specimen is not well pre...~rvecl and isrepresented by an external mould. Therefore a more precise comparison with
NAGAo's specimens is rendered diflicult.

Heferences
ARNOLD, R., ( 1906). Quaternary and Tertiary
Pectens of California. Prof. Paper, U. S.
Ceo/. Sun1., 110 . ..J7, pp. 1-146.
RATA!, K. :md NIS!YA"!\fA. S.. (1940), Paleontological Notes on Certain Japanense Scallops. four. Geol. Soc. ]ajJan, no/. -16. 110.
544, pp. :i7-46.
MATSUSIIITA, H., (1949), Stratigraphical Studies on the Paleogene in Northern Kyushu(in Japanese). Sci. Rep., Fac. Sci., l(vushu
Univ. Geol.. t•ol. 3, 110. 1.
l\1IzuNo, A., (1952). Des::ription of the Paleo-

3;>gene l\lollus:a from Sakito, Nagasaki Prefecture, Jap:m. Trans. Proc. l'alaeollt. Soc.
fapau (NS.). vol. 6, pp. 185-193.
:t\AGAo, T .. (1926), Stratigraphical Studies on
the Paleogene in Kyushu, Japan (inJapanese). ]our. Ceo/. Soc. Tokyo, t:ol. 38,
110..f.ffj, pp. 115-130, 110 .•J.J7, pp. 263-269,
110 .. J.J8, pp. 317-323, JIO. 449, pp. 363:~73. 110. 450, pp. 457-460. 110. 452, pp.
596-603, 110. 453, pp. 663 ·671.
- - . ( 1928:~), Paleogene Fossils of the Island of
Kyushu. Japan, Part I. Sci. Rep., Tohoku
Imp. llniv., 2nd ser., vol. 9, no. 3.
- - . (1928b). ibid, Part II. difto.,vol. 12,110.1.
NAKAMtmA, 1\1., (1940). On Some Pectinidae
Fossils from the Miocene Deposits of theTomiya Block. Japan. jour. (;eo/. Geogr., I'Of.
17, IIOS. 1-2.
NASA. T. ( 1891 ). Report on the ReconnaissanceGeological Survey of :t\agasaki Prefecture.
Japan (in Japanese). Bull. Imp. Ceo/. Sum,
]apau, 110. 1.
SATO, D.. (1938), Geological 1\lap of Shimogata and Its Explanatory Text (in Japanese).
Imp. nco/. Surl'. Japan.
- - . (1913), On the Topography and Geologyof Tsushima (in Japanese). jour. Geol.
Soc. Tokyo, vol. 25, 110. :wo. pp. 855-865.
- . (1914), ditto., ibid., vol. 26. 110. 302, pp.
114-123.
TATF.IWA, I., (1934), Cretaceous Flora ofTsushima, Japan. ]apa11. jour. Ceo/. Ceogr.,
vo/. 11. 110s. 3-4. pp. 185-209.
YoKoYAMA. M .. (1911), Some Tertiary Fossils
from the Miike Coal-Field. jour. Coli. Sci.,
Tokyo Imp. Uuiv., vol. 27, art. 20.
- - . ( 1926). Fo~sil Mollusca from the OilField of Akita. jour. Fac. Sci., Imp. U11iv.
Tokyo, sec. 2, vol. 1, pt. 9.

36

Sahuro KANNO--------------~---~-~~-------

Explanation of Plate 6(All figures in natural size unless otherwise stated)
1. Nucula (Lamelimtcttla) cf. hizmensis (NAGAO) x3
Fig. 2. Anadara sp.
Fig. 3. Chlamys (Coraliclzlamys ?) cf. rutte11i MARTIN x 5
Figs. 4-8. Patinopecten kimurai (YOKOYAMA)
Figs. 4-6. Right valve.
Figs. 7, 8, Left valve.
Figs. 5-8, Plastotype.
Fig. 6. Deformed specimen.
Fig. 9. Cyrena aff. mirabilis NAGAO x 3
Fig. 10. Lucinoma sp.
Fig. 11. Ve11ericardia cf. yoshidai NAGAo. (Cast)
Fig. 12. Jllferelrix aff. pseudomeretrix NAGAo x 3
Fig. 13. Dosinia cf. chikuzeuensis NAGAO
Fig. 14. Dosinia chikuzenensis NAGAO. A paratype figured by NAGAO from Chikuzen, northern
Kyushu, Japan. x 0.8
Fig. 15. Tel/ina sp.
Fig. 16. Plwxus aff. izumoensis (YoKOYAMA), Plastotype
Fig. 17. Euspira ct. ashiyaensis (NAGAo)
Fig. 18. Neverita insignis (NAGAo)
fig.

KANNO:T ertiary Molluscs from Tsushima

PLATE 6

7Photo. by S. AoKI~

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S .. No. 18. pp. 37-44, :~ text-figs .. I table, June 20. 1955.

265. EVOLUTION OF PERONICERATIDAE *TATSUJW MATSUMOTO
Department of Geology, Kyushu University

Peroniceratidae Q:>j'iiift.: Senonian Q:>'llt~t.d\i1'iM Peroniceratidae 1.: -::>\. '-c (t, Cor. LIG sos(1948) Q:>'?.!t,f,(J~t~-tOt.f.:Uit~iJ:;t;,~o L:b· L.lr;V)f**tt 1'1 *Q:> i Q:>l.:lt J: ;t;,-c lt. j: tJtJ:\. 'R,iJ:;t;,<-!>o .:.mf~~t.:·tr-~-c. ~ l?l.:~l:§fiiH.:-::>t'-c~ir.JLt.:~.'i*· lfirLt'5HI'[*~iffil:flJ.I?;!Lf.:o :;$:f'!.Q:>

Jnlt.l!!J;::. -::>1, •-c It, Collignoniccratidae Q) Subprionocyclus (Turonian) c WH®§I.:f.liV:-:> <-·lff'~t:"ii.'e.\1.>,~!Iii. Prote:mniles :a-Wili'l Lf.:o .:.hit Te.r:anites ~i!1j; <0 fl:;f>:li[Q:>; 't;,, amakusense = fukazawai t
nomii 11 Prolexanites Q:>~111J~q:> i q:>-~. 7' 7 !.1 -JJ V) T. soutoni (~ 3 El3) (iilij~Q:>*r,mm l.::il(l. 'oorientale It 7' 7 IJ 7J Q:> umkwelanense (~ 2 f:l:l) t t i 1.: Paratexauites ·c:, Parabevaililes ( "J\.,·C:.

Beval!ites) ~m~ .:.;tlt.:>(i Protexanites-Tcxanites *c11'~rrt¥.rcli,J.., (~~ 1 f:l:l~·HiOo A;;:~HtConiacian I.:~,J.i5{(1.:7.Ht. L, 3jdtf~il;3E1l [.., .!:J!iit.~iffi L, Campanian rl•l!tl.:lrollila~Q:>ll!W(tJ:;f., 7.> 0
J;J,J:Q:>jl!iff:..!iJ!(!~)(~; 1 *1.: 1~fJ~.tt-7.>o;ID :$: it flB

niccratidae, one of the important ammonite families in the Upper Cretaceous.
As to that problem Mr. C.W. WRIGHT
expressed his opinion (1952, p. 221 andfig. 2) that Peroniceratidae HYATT, 1900
( =Texanitidae CoLLIGNON, 1948) has
its origin in some Collignoniceratidae
WRIGHT & WRIGHT. 1951 (=Prionotropidae HyATT, 1900). through Garethiericeras. This might be a possible source
but in my opinion there is anotheralternative which seems better for atleast some of the members of Peroniceratidae.
As I intend to monograph the Japanese
Peroniceratidae at some later opportunity
I present here concisely the facts which
I have noticed and an opinion which
can be developed from them.
I should like to dedicate this shortpaper to Professor Seitaro Tsuuoi who
has encouraged me with an instructionthat Japanese geologists and palaeontologists should contribute something

Foreword

While I was studying the Cretaceous
animonites of Japan and South Saghalien,
General M. Cor.LIGNON (1948. a,b) published a magnificient monograph on the" Texanitidae " of Madagascar and gave
a review on the Japanese forms in the
appendix of that paper. Indeed his
work is comprehensive and has muchadvanced our knowledge, but I cannot
agree with him in some of his remarkson the Japanese forms. With a doubt
kept in my mind J visited London in
1953-54 where I fortunately had an opportunity to study some foreign specimens. As a result of the study I ha,·eobtained a new idea which is not only
satisfactorily applicable to the Japanese
forms in question but also interesting to
the problem of the evolution of Pero-* Read Dec. 19, 1954; received Nov. 15,
1954.
37

Tatsuro MA TSU l\10T< J

new to the intemational scientific problems from the study of the material in
the mother nature of Japan.
I acknowledge here my heartfelt
thanks to 1\lr. C.W. WRIGHT who has
helped my study in various ways andalso to General l'v1. Cor.r.IG:-Io:-< for his
friendly correspondences. Thanks are
due to Mr. W. N. EnwAIWS, Keeper ofGeology, and Dr. L.F. S!'ATH of British
Museum (Natural History) who haveafforded me facilities for studying there
through the British Council Scholarship.
The Coniacian Forms of Te:wmites

Cou.((;NoN (1948) pointed out thattypical Tex.{/11ifes with five rows oftubercles on the ribs do not appear
until the middle part of the Coniacian,but that there are in the lower Coniaciancertain quadrituberculate species. He
separated the latter asParalcxaniles (typespecies Aforloniceras zeilleri DE GRnssouvRE, 1894 ). There are, howevN. otherdistinct Coniacian species in Europe andAmerica \vith only three tubercles oneach rib and these give a valuable clue
to the origins of the family. They are
here separated as:-Protexa11ites nov.
Type species: "Alorto11iceras" bOln-gcoisi (n'0Rn1GNY) (;ROSSOURVE (1894, p.
73, pl. xiii, fig. 2; pl. xiv. figs. 2-5).
Generic diagnosis :-Similar to Tcxanites in general aspect, especially inthe shell-form. ventral keel and sutureline. Ribs are gently flexuous. arcuate
or oblique (especially so near the periphery), sometimes dichotomous at theumbilical edge or with intercalated
shorter ones; typically trituberculate.
with umbilical, ventro-lateral and ventral
tubercles and sometimes quadritubercu-

late in the later whorls with one lateral
tubercle::; in addition to other three.
The ventral tubercles are clavate (i.e.
elongated longitudinally).
Remarks :-1 refer to the proposed
new genus. besides the type spe;;ies*,
Aiorloniceras bon/anti G1wssouvRE (1H94,
p. 77, pl. xvii. fig. 2 only. holotype byoriginal designation) and a probable
new species represented by a paratypeof 'Af. bontanti GRossollVRE' (Ibid., pl.
xvii. fig. 3) from the Coniacian ofFrance and also Afortoniceras canaense
GERHARDT with variety oblique-costata
GERHARDT (1897, p. 73, pl. 1. fig. 2a-C;
p. 76. text-fig. 2a) from South America.
Furthermore Pcrotziceras amakusense
YABE (1902, p. 5, pl. 1, fig. la, b), Mor/oniccras fulwzawai YABE & SHIMIZU(1925, p. 130 (6), pl. XXX (i), fig. 1;
pl. xxxi (ii), figs. 1,2,6,7; pl. xxxiii(iv). figs. 1. 2), which is probably synonymous with the preceding species,
and Aforloniceras 110mii YABE & SHIMIZU(1935. p. 131 (7). pl. xxxii (iii). figs. 1-3)
from the Neourakawan (Santonian) ofJapan are referred to the present genus.
.Nlortoniceras shoslloneuse MEEK (1876,
p. 449, pl. 6, figs. 3a, 3c. 6a; also REESIDE,
1907, p. 9, pl. 6, figs. 16-23; pl. 7, figs.
1-11; pl. 8, figs. 1-4) from the lower
Cody shale (Upper Coniacian) and thepoorly preserved Mortoniceras strozzii
DEsio (1902, p. 204 (16), pl. xii (i), fig.
8) may perhaps be referable to the present genus.
Those species were mostly referred byCor.uGNoN (1948) to Texanites. However
Texanites should be confined to the------- ----

* I missed unfortunately an opportunity ofvisiting France and Germany to study
the specimens of these species, but thedescription and illustration of G!WS·SOUVRE and GERHARDT are sufficiently
clear and reliable.

Evolution of Peroniceratidae

group of species \Vhich arc allied to thetype species. Ammonites texan us RoEMER.
Tcxanitcs thus revised has rather rectiradiate ribs and quinquetuberculate (except in very early growth-stage), tubercles being nearly equidistant in thelateral view.
A Possible Origin of Peroniccratidac

Protexanites. above defined. is of course
intimately related to Texanites (s.s.) but
is morphologically relatively less advanced and stratigraphically appears earlier.
It is one of the earlier representativesof the Peroniceraticlae. Looking at Prole:canites, especially at its earl'ier members. P. bourgcoisi, P. bonta11ti and P.
canaense, I cannot deny their striking
resemblance to certain species of Upper
Turonian Subprionocyclus. such as S.
tzcptuni (GEINITZ) and S. crista! us ( BJLI.INGHURST).
The latter genus, which
was revised by WRIGHT & MATSUMOTo(1951), has umbilical, ventro-lateral andventral tubercles. The ventral tubercles
are clavate. The ribs are rather flexuous
or oblique, showing a forward bend at
the periphery.
They are frequently
bifurcate or have intercalated shorter
ones. These characters are more orless well retained in Protexanitcs andthe only criterion for distinction is themore continuous keel in Protexanites incontrast to the serrated keel in Subpriottocyclus. However we know thatthe keel tends to become more continuous in the outer whorl of certain
Subprionocyclus. e.g. S. hitchitu.'IISis ( BILl.l!"CHURsT). and it is somewhat wavy
in some Protexanitcs.
Thus the ·derivation of Protexauites
from Subprionocyclus is almost certain
both on morphological and stratigraphical grounds. However the occurrence ofProlexanih·s in the basal horizon ofConiacian has not yet been proved.

39

This weak point, though minor. should
be consolidated in futm·e.
It is also J: ossibile that Subprionocyclus
leads to Pcrouicras. if its clavate ventral
tubercles also become more continuous.
It could also give rise to Paratcxauites
CoLLIGNON, 19·18 (type species Jllortoniccras zcilleri GRossotiVRE), if one morepair of outer tubercles is added and theribs are straightened. Howe,·er I havefailed to find a good example of intermediate forms.
Subpriouoo•clus is small or moderate
in size <md a rather unspecialized member of the Collignoniceraticlae; its distribution is wide. It is more likely tohave given rise to a new family thanthe more specialized forms, like Collignoniceras ( =Priouolropis). Priouocyclus, etc. In fact, as WRIGHT &JVlATsUMOTO has indicated. Reesidites isa specialized end form derived from
Subprionocyclus by loss of ventrolateral
tubercles and acquisition of a compressed and involute shell-form.
Some F('atures in the Evolutionof Pcroniccra tidae

As I have not observed a sufficientnumber of specimens of Gauthicriceras
I hesitate to discuss the origin of it. It
might te a derivative from some special
member of Collignoniceratidae or it might
be a parallel development with Perolliceras. Those two genera reach fairly
large size. while Yabeiceras is rather
small. I do not know where the typespecimens of Yabeiceras are prC3erved,
so I arn unfortunately unable to say
much on this Japanese form. llm•.-ever,from the description of ToKUNAGA &StiiMlZII, 19:.!6 it seems to me a lateral
offshoot ru1111ing near Penmiceras andGautlticriccras. All those genera are
confined to the Coniacian.

Tatsuro MATSUMOTO

40

so significant as in the Coniacian.
To clarify the details of the evolutionof the Coniacian genera more carefulzonal collection is necessary. I shouldlike to give here some remarks on thetwo genera which flourished in the
Santonian.
CoLLIGNON regarded Pm·abcvahites asa derivative of Texa11i!es (in his definition) \vithout showing a good evidence.
I would regard Parabcvahilcs as a direct
derivative fromParaic:•anites. They areclosely allied to each other ; the difference is only in the distance between
each two of three outer tubercles. Somemay prefer to put Parabevaltiics in thesubgenus Paratexanitcs. Anyhow Paratcxanites is independent cf Texanitcs.
Jlllortoniceras orientale Y Atm (YABE &Protexanitcs and Paraiexanites appear
in the Lower Coniacian and range up
to the Lower Santonian. The earliest
representative of Tcxanitcs (s s.) is
known in the Upper Coniacian (i.e. T.
psettclotexanus (GrwssouvRE)) and thegenus is more common in the Santonian.
According to CoLr.IGNoN (1948) Bcvallites(Parabevalzitcs) also ranges from theUpper Coniacian to Lower Santonian.
Thus various genera of the Peroniceratidae developed rather suddenly in theConiacian and a fe''' of them e\'olved
Santonian forms.
Another epoch of
specialization is in the l'vliddle Campanian, when Submortoniceras and Jlfenabitcs (with its subgenera) flourished.
However their distribution seems to berather local and the development is not

A

D

c
E

B
Fig. 1. ·whorl sections of some Texanilids in the relatively late growth-stage.
A. Protc:cauites (earlier form): B. Prote:ranitcs (later form); C. Texaniles: D.
Paralexanites: E. Para/Jevahites. The dotted line shows intercostal section. (T.l\1.
del. adapted from the illustration of the typical species of each genus.)

41

Evolution of Pcroniceralidae& SHIMIZU. 1925. p. 129 (5), pl. xxxi (ii).
figs. 4, 5; pl. xxxiii (iv). fig. 16) fromthe probable Scapllitcs bed (presumably
its Coniacian part?) of Hokkaido was
assigned to ParabCI'ahites by Cou.1cr-;oN(1948) but it is a good example of
Paratcxanites in the definition of Cor.l.lGNoN. Its allied s~ies. Aiortouiccras
umlucelanense CRICK (1907. p. 228. pl.
xv. fig. 9, 9a), is not a Texauitcs nor
Bcvallites but a Pantiexauitcs or anintermediate form between Paraic'xanites
and Parabevalzites. I fortunately studied
the holotype (BM. C. 18134) (fig. 2) andhave noticed an interesting fact. The
distance between the ventral and ·• marginal" tubercles is in the outer whorlslightly shorter than that between the.. marginal" and " submarginal " tubercles, but slightly longer in the inner
whorl. Moreover in the visible earlier
part of the inner whorl at diameters
below 120 mm .. the tv.-o peripheral tubercles tend to ha \·e a common basewhereas they are separated from theclavate ventral tubercle by a somewhat
deep depression.
Summarizing the above. the characterof Parabevalzites lends to appear in the
inner whorl of this species, while its
large outer whorl is rather of Paratcxanites type. (We can ignore theweakening of the keel in the last portion as minor feature in regard to thisproblem.) Paratcxanitcs umkwclancusis(CHICK) is thus morphologically very
interesting, but unfortunately its exact
date is doubtful.
Afortoniceras dcsmondi GRossouvRE(Ammonites texanus Scm.uTER. 1867. p.
32, pl. vi, fig. 3 only), which was assigned
by CoLLIGNON to Tl'Xauites with a query.
seems to me to be an early Parabc/1(1/zites or an intermediate form between
Paratcxauilcs and Parabevahilcs. It is
recorded from the boundary of Coniacian

5 em.

0

Fig. 2.

Whorl

sectionof

Paralc.wmites

umkwelaiiCIISis (CRICK) Bl\'L C. 1813·1, Umkwelane

Hill, Zu\u\and, Africa. (T.I\L del. by kind pernlission of Keeper of Geology, British 1\Iuseum(1\'atura\ History)).

and Santonian or the top of the Coniacian.
The Upper Santonian- Middle Campani:m Bevalzitcs apparently resembles
quadrituberculate later Protcxanites but
must be a parallel development, since
it shows evidence of having developed
through Parabevaltilcs by unification of
the two peripheral tubercles.
Whether Texanilcs (s.s.) is a deri\·ative of Paratcxanilcs or Protexanitcs isstill uncertain. However the outer lateral (or " submarginal ") tubercle in42

Tatsuro l\IATSUMOTO

Texauites is often, if not always, rather
weak. Prole:rallites could lead to Tc:ranites by straightening of ribs and addition of outer lateral tubercles. From
this fact and from another fact which
will l:e mentioned below I am inclined
to regard Protexanifcs- Texcmiles series
as parallel with Paratcxauites-Parabcvahitcs-Bcvalzt"tcs series.

Fig. 3.
Whorl section of Tc:wnifcs:wutoni (BAILY) BM. C. 4721il. A cliff of thecoast of S. Africa, near the Umtafuna andUmzarnbani River. (T. !\1. del. by kind permission of Keeper of Geology. British 1\Iuseum (Natural History)).

The fact which I ltave noticed isfound in Ammonites soutoni BAILY (1855,
p. 453, pl. xi, fig. la-c). another African
species. Its apparent resemblance toour •· l'.fortouircras" fukazmcai and" AI.'' uomii had been stuck on my mind
until I saw the specimens of that species.
The type specimen illustrated by
BAILY (BM. C. 472Gl) (fig. 3) is a verylarge example with a diameter of 475mm.
Its inner whorl below a diameter ofabout 100 mm. shows the typical character of Texauitcs with the prominent
three equidistant tubercles which arevisible on the lateral side, besides thetwo outer ones overlapJ:ed by the outer\vhorl: the ribs are nearly rectiradiate\vith
occasional intercalation or branching.
The quinquetuberculate ornamentation
continues up to a diameter of about
300mm .. where the last septum is found.
However the two lateral tubercles are
weakened as the shell grows on. On
the body whorl the two lateral tubercles
are almost completely lost while theribs themseh·es are very strong and. on
the unweathered part. especially where
the test is preserved. the umbilical,
ventrolateral and clavate, ventral tul:ercles are also fairly strong. Morever theribs show a gentle ftexuosity on theouter whorl.
Thus the species in question is atypical Texanitcs in its inner whorls andshows clear characters of Profexanites in
its adult body whorl. In other words,
as in the previous example, Texanites
seems to be caenogenetically evolved
from Prote.umites. It is a matter ofconvention to refer the species in question to Texauitcs, admitting it as a sortof an intermediate form between thetwo genera.
We know another species of more
typical and large Tcxanitcs, T. staugeri(BAILY), occurring in the same area ofEvolution of Peroniceratidac

T. sou toni (BAILY). Unfortunately there
is no record of zonal collections inSoutheast Africa hut the two species
have been regarded as coming fromthe same horizon, associated with
Hauen"ceras gardeni (BAILY) and Psl"ltdoxllloenbaclzia mnbulazi (BAU.Y) (e.g.
SPATH(1922)).

In the Japanese province Protcxauites
nomii (YAnE & SmMIZU) (inc.:luding thespecimens in subsequent collections)occurs in the ~eourakawan (Santonian),
where Haucricct·as gardcni is common.
'' Pet·oniccras" amakuscuse YAnE came43

from the probable Santonian of Amakus:I. Kyushu. Examining tT1e holotype
it is not a Pcrouiceras but a crushed
Protexanitcs and very probably an immature Protexatzites fu/wzatmi (YABE &SHIMizu). The large specimens of thelatter came from Oda-Mura, Uto, Kumamoto Prefecture. As there ·is Inoceramus
japouicus in the same area the fossiliferous horizon of Oda-mura is correlatedwith the Neourakawan. In Hinoshima
islet of Amakusa I have collected alarge Texauites which is comparable to
1'. oliz,cti (BtA~c~->ENHoHN). As the oc-

EVOLUTION OF PERONICERATIDAE
TURONIANCONIACIAN; --YABEICERASSANTONIAN

CAMPAI\IIAN

MAESTRICHTIAN--,' GAUTHIERICERAS

,,,,'
,,

,.....
('\PERONICERAS(

0r!:::: (suePRIONOCYG~~z

PROT EX AN IT E S
? 'a-

'

'

0

z

-

(')

"'

'

'

·.

0
1"'1
~

SUBMORTONICERASPARATEXANIT E 5

r;.
-1

l>

---

'

~

:u

-

TEXANITESPIIRABEVAWTE S·--~(REESIOIT ES)''

BE VAHITES..

'. MENABITES......

; I BERERELLA)',I AUSTRALIELLA)',·-.

:.(~ELAWARELLA)

Table I. Evolution of Peroniceratidae.
Thick line: range of genera of relatively wide distribution;
Thin line: range of genera or subgenera of local distribution.
The genera of Collignoniceratidae mentioned in the text are in bracket [line with an arrow shows the presumed course of evolution.

]. The dottedTatsuro 1\IATSUMoTo

44

currence of these forms arc rather
sporadic. tb't zonal examination is again
diffil:ult. They occur in the Nemrr<tkawan. if not at the same horizon.
Although I know an undescribed
specimen of a Parabevahites-like form
occurring in the Santonian of Hokkaido,
true Campanian Peroniceratids have notyet been found in Japan and South
Saghalien. The so-called Submortomi:erasin the list of Sm.MJzu (1935) is not warrantable in the generic and stratigraphic
assignment.
Finally I present here a range chartof the genera and subgenera of Peroniceratidae with a supposed line ofevolution. It depends much on Gen. M.
Cor.I.IGNoN's work and Mr. C. W. WRIGHT's
personal communication but is modified
by my own opinion.
Works Cited
BAILY, W.H., (1855). Description of some Cretaceous Fossils from South Africa: collectedby Capt. GARDEN, of the 45th Regiment.
Quart. four. Ceo/. Soc. London, 11. 454-465,
pis. xi·xiii.
CoLI.IGNON. !'vi., (1948 a, b) Anm1onites Neo·cretacees du Menabe (Madagascar) 1-Les
Texanitidae. Ann. Ceo/. de Serv. de Jl,fines,
Fasc. N°13. 49-107 (1-62). pls. vii (i)-xx(:-.:iv): N° 14, 7-60 (43-116); 99-101, pls.
xv-xxxii.
CRICK, G.C .. (1907), Cretaceous Fossils of Natal,
Part 3. Third and Final Report Ceol. Surv.
Natal & Zululand, 163-262, pis. x-xv.
DESio. A., (1920),
La crata ncl bacino diFirenze. PaleoHt. /tal., 26. 189-243, pis. xiixix (i-viii).
CERIIARDT, K., (1897), Beitrag zur Kenntniss
der Kreideformation in Venezuela undPeru, in STEINMANN, Reitr. Geol. u. Pala-

Siidamcrikas. Ncues fahrb. f
usw .. !3eil. Bd. 11, 65-117. pis. i-ii.

eont.

CROSSOUVI~E.

Min.

A. DE, (1894), Recherches sur Ia
Craie Superieure. II-Paleontologie.
LesAmmonites de Ia Craie Superieure. .Ucm.
Carte g:-ol. d:-1. Pmnce (1893). 26-1 pp ..
39 pis.
MEEK. F.B .. (1876), Invertebrate Cretaceous andTertiary Fos.'lils of the Upper 1\fiswuri
County, Rep. U.S. Ceo/. Surv. Territories,
9. 629 pp., 45 pis.
REESIDE, J. B. Jr .. (1927). Cephalopods fromthe lower part of the Cody shale ofOregon Basin, Wyoming. U.S. Ceo/. Surv.
Prof Paper, 150A. 1-10. 8 pls.
ScHLUTER. C., (1867), Beitrag zur Kenntniss
der jiingsten Ammoneen Norddeutschland,,36 pp., 6 pis., Bonn.
SHJJ\I!Zll, S .. (Hl35). The Upper Cretaceous
Cephalopods of japan, Part I. four.
Shanghai Sci. Ins/., [II], 2. 159-2'26.
SPATH, L.F., (1922), On the Senonian Ammonite
Fauna of Pondoland. Trans. Roy. Soc. South
Ajl'ica, 10. 3. 131-147, pis. v-ix.
ToJ\UNAt;A, S. & S. SHIMIZU., (1926), The
Cretaceous formation of Futaba in Iwaki
and its Fossils. four ..Pac. &i., Imp. U11iv.
Tokyo, [2], 1. pt. 6. 181-212. pis. xxvi·
xxvii.
\VRIGIIT, C. W., (1952), A Classification of theCretaceous Ammonites. four. Paleont., 26.
213·222.
WRIGHT, C.W. & T. MATSUMOTO, (1954), Some
Doubtful Cretaceous Ammonite Genera
from Japan and South Saghalien. 1'>-fem.
Fac. Sci .. K.vuslm U11iv., [D), 4, 103·134,
pis. 7-8.
YABE. H., (1902), Notes on three Upper Creta·
ceous Ammonites from Japan, outside of
Hokkaido. four. Ceo/. Soc. Tokyo, 9.
(English Pages) I-7. pl. i.
YAIIE, H. & S. SiliJI.IIZU, (1925). japaneseCretaceous Ammonites belonging to Prionotropidae. I. &i. Rep. Tohoku Imp. ll11iv.,[2], 7, 125-138, pis. :a."X·X."<Jdii.

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. N.S., No. 18, pp. 45---48, Pl. 7, June 20, 1955.

266.

HIDAELLA, A NEW GENUS OF THE PENNSYLVANIANFUSULINIDS FROM THE FUKUJI DISTRICT, EASTERNPART OF THE HIDA MOUNT AINLAND,CENTRAL JAPAN*
HARUYOSHI FUJIMOTO and HISA YOSHI IGO
Tokyo University of Education~~tlli1l!ff.V&mil!q)"- :/ ;,t ,~,.~~:.-Hi~ .t IJ vrr-t l.>Wi~-tl!!ltq)~/£ Hidaella: ~~1iHl!i1l!tMtll!milil::~:i:l-t .r,-(l)~t'f:i!K~h'J• t_,~~!1J.q)-~j[,a-3EJ\!. L. t.:Q)·(-, Hidae/la c ~11 L. .:. 1..1.::~~~-t .r,o :;$:/£
Fusulinella I.::J:({I1"C\.•.r,;i):, lt\t~:il:~(l~ill!l.."C\.·~BD•~.>I2S:l:ll]·c~~o ~fili Hidac/la'tkamcii 't-q)~:{j)!R!fJrpa!\l.:::l!lti\\"l::i!li L. Fusulina JiitC.Jl<:fJ:-t.r,oilli*i'/1~ · SX~~~

theca. which is undulated both meridionally and equatorially. The spirothcca
is composed of a tectum. upper and lower
tectoria and a diaphanotheca. In thegeneral shape o!' the shell and the irregular undulation of the spirotheca thepresent type resembles Rugosojusuli11a
H.AUSER-CERNoussov A, from which it isdistinguished by the lack of a keriotheca.
The present type also resemples Fusuliuella Mor.r.ER, but is distinguishable
therefrom by the irregular rugose spirotheca. This type is believed to be anaberrant descendant of the genus Fusuli1lella, referable to no known genus,
and in need of a new generic name forwhich llidaclla is proposed. The phylogenetic position of Hidaella is referredto the subfamily Fusulininae.

Recently, the writers discovered someinteresting fusulinids in the IchinotaniGroup which is distributed ncar Fukuji.
Kamitakara Village, Yoshiki District,Gifu Prefecture. The materials werecollected from a black impure limestoneof the lower division of the IchinotaniGroup developed at the Ichinotani and
the Mizuboradani valleys.
The Ichinotani Group is divided into
the following two lithological units. (1)Lower or lchinotani limestone; ( 2) Upperor alternation of sandstone and shaleintercalating conglomerate. The Ichinotani limestone yields a rich fauna consisting of fusulinids, smaller foraminifers,
corals and gastropods. From the evid·
ence of these fossils, the limestone isinferred to correspond to the highest
Morrowan? to the basal Permian.
The specimens here considered as representing a new genus can be distinguished from its allied forms principallyby the irregular undulation of its spiro-

Genus Hidaella FuJIMOTo and lGi\
new genus
Genotype :-Hidaella lwmeii FuJIMOToand lGu, new species.
Diagnosis:-Shell rather small, elongate
fusiform to subcylinclrical; central portion* Read oct. 9, l954; received Nov. 24, 1954.
45

•16

Haruyoshi FlJJil\IOTo and llisayoshi lGo

sliglitly inflated or straight: polar regions
broadly rounded; mature specimens with
about five volutions. Axial length. 2.4
to 3.2mm., median width, 0.87 to 1.3nun. ;axial ratio. about 1 : 3.0 in last volution.
First two to three volutions tightly coiled,axis of coiling short, subspherical orslightly quadrangular in shape: outer
volutions rather inflated, proloculus
minute: generally spherical. Spirothecacomposed of thin and dense tectum, lessdense upper and lower tectoria and diaphanotheca; irregularly and highly
undulated throughout. ~epta numerous,
thin and complicately folded in polar
regions. Tunnel singular with regularor irregular path, narrow to broad tunnel
angle; chomata m;1ssive and of moderate
he·ight. Axial filling lacking.
Remarks :-Hidadla resembles Fusuliuclla in several respects, especially in
the inner volutions possessing a shortaxis of coiling, spirothecal structure.
massive chomat.a, and in the septal
fluting. The irregular undulation of the
spirotheca of llidaclla removes it from
Fusuliuella and suggests that it may be
an aberrant descendant of the latter.
The undulation of the spirotheca has
been reported in some fusu1inid genera
as Rugosofusulina l<AUSER-CER!';oussov A,
which may be distinguished from Sc/f(('ageriua MoLLER by the rugose spirotheca;
their inner characters. however. nrc
much alike. Hidaclla resembles the
genotype of Rugosofusulina, but differs
therefrom by the spirothecal structures.
!Iidael/a from its structural features isreferred to the subfamily Fusulininae.
while Rugosofusulina belongs to the~ch wager in ina e.
Hidaella lwmcii FuJIMoTo andleu, new species
Pl. 7, Figs. 1-10.

Shell rather small, subfusifonn to subcylindrical : central portion slightly inflated or straight; polar regions broadly
rmmded : mature specimens with about
five volutions, axial length 2.4 to 3.4 mm.,median width 0.87 to 1.3 mm. ; axial ratio
1 : 2.5 to 1 : 3.5 in la3t volution.
Firdt two to three volutions closely
coiled, their heights increase slowly, withshort axis of coiling. subspherical orslightly quadrangular in shape; outer
volutions generally rather inflated, elongate fusiform to subcylinclrical; uncommonly loosely coiled and irregular (Fig.
8); axial ratio of first to last volutions
in holotype. 0.83, 1.0. 1.3, 1.7. 1.9, and 2.8,
respectively ; proloculus very minute,about 0.07 mm. in diameter, generally
spherical. but sometimes subellipsoidal.
Spirotheca thin, thickness gradually
increasing from inner to outer, composedof thin and dense tectum. less dense
upper and lower tectoria and a transparent diaphanotheca. Diaphanothec.o'ldeveloped on inner ones to three volutions. Lower tectorium of last volution
usually indistinct. Average thickness of
spirotheca of first to last volution inholotype and two paratypes are 7, 11, 13,
17. 26, and 15 microns.
Septa numerous and thin; sept::d folding strong and irregular in polar regions,but feeble in central portions.
Tunnel singular with regular or irregular path, tunnel angle narrow to
broad and measures 26, 31. and 52 degrees
in inner two to four volutions, respectively in holotype; chomata distinct
throughout shell. massive, of moderateheight. their tunnel side and poleward
slope generally steep. but the latter may
be low. AxjaJ filling quite absent.
Rcmarlts :-In the general size of theshell. axial ratio, spirothecal structure.
septal flutings. and de\·elopment of thechomata, Ilidaclla kameii resembles

Results of measurement are as follows:

I
S

·me

1

I Fi ure I
Reg.

!{n

l--pec_,_n_ _N_·o_._~ l~oco I
Para type
Holotype
Paratype
Paratype

1•

1

20100
20101,
201021
20110

1
1

lp"""''

I . I

I
W

Form

~--l-r-atio
1

fig. 1 , 2. 6 1. 0
fig. 22.4,
fig. 3
2.9 1.0
fig. 4
3. 4 ' . 99

2 5
2.8
2.9
3. 5

.851

I

Para typePara type
ParatypeIL(in mm)20103 fig. 520104 fig. 8
20105 :

3. 1 i 1. 0?
1. 3 ,
2. 7. 87 1

3. 0
?
3. 1

2<)1061

'

1.1

'.

1

1

-

!~

.

___

. 087
.052

.06~1

1
I

?

I . 052
?

?

I

(J69

Thickness of sp1rotheca

Paratype

20100 I fig 11.011.017

Holotype
Para type20101 f1g. 2 , . 006
201021 fig. 31 . 006. 006 I· 011. 011 . 011

Paratype
Parat}'pe20107 fig. 6
20110 I fig. 4Para type
Paratype

20104
20105

::::

_~ n_~j_:_ _"___'"_l_r___u_~__:__v___'"_l ~-l-pr-ol_.

IF.1gureIR ,1-~-----Form ratio of volutions

Rate of growthD1am. _ _ .

16
.10
.12
?

. 23
.16
.211
. 26

. 16
. 12
. 09

. 28
. 24
. 21

•

"

~

361 .66 L 0

.
.26

.:n
. 35

1

. 471
. 43
. :-!5

.42
.50
59

.69
.78
. 99

. 69
. 69
. 69

1. 0
I. 1

•

L0
.871 .83
I.o 11.0I

11. 0
I. 3 11. 7
1. 2

. 87

I "I "I

'

I. 7
1.0
1.2
I. 5

2. 0 : 2. I
1.3 11.7
1.4
1.5
2. 8 ' 2. 9

1. 0
2. 3
1. 5

2. 2 I S. 0
3. 0
2 4
2. 6
1. 7 ' 2. 0 I 3. 1

I1.1 I.~-

11

I

Septal count

24

2. 5
1.9
2.2
3. 5

2.8
2.9

I~
~

~
,....
'""

;;

~

;;
'::.

j 1

<:
:J
::;

Ei'
:::

Tunnel angle (degree)..,

Sj~lme~l Ni' lp:~"i_r_J_n_(~ _:__v_i~!--_r_I_II_I~I~i-v___r__I_r_!~ IV r_ v l--'"-11
1

.017

.020

.022

. 0171 . 0221.028 .1
. 014
034
017
1

•

•

1

Paratype

fig. 8

1
1

?

?

. 017

. 028 I . 022

?
?

. 017
.011

. 028
.017

. 028,. 022.022 1 .028

I~

I 25103 [fig. 5 _-_:6_.~11 ;.017 .017 L~2~j___

I

I

1

4

?

26

I

I
3-1
28

I

52
50

;
::

12 I
1

1

1
1

\

2

I
\

I
\

1

1

1

~

1 •

\
lQ

:s

48

Haruyoshi FU.Jll\!OTO and Hisayoshi lG6

Fusulinella jlu:w LEE and CHES moreclosely than any other species of thegenus Fusulinella. The former can be
distinguished from the latter by its
highly irregular tmdulation of the spiro·
theca and small cylindrical shell.
Type locality and geological lw1·izotz :Fukuji, Kamitakara Village, Yoshiki
District, Gifu Prefecture. lchinolani
limestone (middle part). Preserved in
the Collection of the Geological ::md
1\lineralogical Institute, Faculty of
Science. Tokyo University of Education.
Reg. No. 20101 (Holotype) 20100, 20102.
20103, 20104. 20105, 20106, 20107, 20108,
20109. 20110 (Paratype).
Zone of
Fusulina.
Occr!rrcnce :-This species is common
in the middle part of the Ichinotani
limestone where it is associated with
Ozawainella angulata (CoLAN!). Fusiclla
typica LEE and Cm:r-;, F. paradoxa LEE
and CHEN, Pseudostaffel/a sp/lCroidca(MoLLER), Fusuliua lanceolata (LEE andCHEN). F. sclzellwieni (S rAFF). and F
Fromiclzinotauicnsis, new species.
fossil evidence it is clear that the faunalassemblage is a representative of theZone of Fusulina as recognized in North
America and in Kyushu, Japan.
Previously the Zone of Fusulina was
not welle stablished in Asia, but fromrecent discoveries, its existence has become a recognized fact in not only Kyushu
but also the Hida mountainland.

References
KAMEl. T., (1952).

The Stratigraphy of the
Paleozoic Rocks of the Fukuji District;]our. Fac. Liberal Arls, Shi11slm U11iversity,}yfatsumoto, pp. -1-1-74.
KAM:'-.!ERA, K .. (1952), The Upper Carboniferous
and the Lower Permian of the Hikawa
Valley (in japanese with English resume):
four., Ceo/. Soc. japan, vol. 58, pp. 17-32.
LEE, ]. S. and CHEN, S.. (19:30), Huanglunglimestone and its fauna. Foraminifera:Nat. Research Inst. Geology, .Mem., 110. 9,
pp. 90-136, pis. 2-13.
THOMPSON, l\1 L., (1948), Studies of American
Fusulinids: U11iv. Ka11sas Paleont. Contr.
Protozoa, Art. 1.
- - , (1954), American Wolfcampian Fusulinids:
Ibid. Art. 5.

Explanation of Plate 7
Figs. 1-10. Hidaella lwmeii FUJIMoTo and lGii, new species. All figures enlarged 20 times.
Figs. l, 3, 5. Axial s.::ctions of paralypes. Reg. no. 20100, 20102, 20103, respectively.
Fig. 2. Axial section of the holotype. Reg. no. 20101.
Figs. 4, 7. 8, 9, 10. Tangential sections of paratypes. Reg. no. 20110, 20108, 20104, 20109, 20111,
respectively.
Fig. 6. Parallel section of a paratype. Reg. no. 20107.
(All oi the specimens are deposited in the collection of the Tokyo University of Education).

PruT;-.roTo and Ico :Hidaella
P r.ATE

4

6

7

9

Photo. by S. AoKr

10

7

Trans. Proc. Palaeonl. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 18, pp. 49-50, 2 text-figs. June 20, 1955.

267.

SPIROSIG!v!OILINELLA, A NEW FORAMINIFERAL GENUS
FROM THE MIOCENE OF JAPAN
TAKASHI MATSUNAGA
Teikoku Oil Company, Tokyo, JapanB )ji:ll)I'Jl~iY:tJ• ~>il€/ll L t.::~rfL!Illl)cffrlm Spirosigmoilinella :-~ 8 ;;$:11) rll~iJl:il' ~J~~~-t o1fJL!!J.Il)~~. tfTllll Spirosigmoilinella comprcssa MATSUNAGA ~lJC,I& L. llfJ.l~ll)Wfl·e(tftll)i{l\ilil~ri'i{i\tll)r:f:lrUI\t::!IR--:>-c i/fiill-t ~$~Z. Mft.:o

11~7k

-:$.

In troductinn

Acknowledgements

Investigations of the Miocene sediments of Hokkaido and North Honshu,
Japan, as an important project inpetroleum exploration, have led to thenecessity of paleontological evidence forcorrelation purposes. Continued laboratory work on the Foraminifera containedin boring cores and obtained fromslU'face exposures. revealed the presenceof a peculiar type. which is thought tohave important bearing on the problem.
The peculiar type, which is believed
to represent a new genus, was first
discovered among surface samples obtained from Kugami, Kugami-mura,Nishikanbara-gun, Niigata Prefecture. by
Mr. Shogo TAKAIIASHJ, then a geologi&tof our company. Subsequently. thisgenus has been found to occur abundantly in the Miocene sediments in North
Honshu, although its presence in the
Miocene rocks of Hokkaido has not yet
been proven. The distribution in sediments of Miocene age of this genus::;eems to indicate that it is important
both stratigraphically and paleoecologically.

To the following gentlemen the writer
expresses his gratitude. Dr. Kiyoshi
AsAKO for assistance in discriminationof the material and Dr. Kotora HATAJ
for revising the manuscript. Dr. Tsuneteru OJ~ol\!IKAoo and members of ourlaboratory, for their assistance in many
ways.
Family Silicinidea
Subfamily Rzehakininae
Genus Spirosigmoiliuella MATSUNAGA,
n. gen.

Gc11otypc :-Spirosigmoilit~ellacompn·ssa MATSUNAGA, n. Sp.
Description. :-Test in early stage
similar to Silicosigmoilina, but diverging
therefrom in adult stage by developing
chambers in a single plane; chambers
compressed, wall finely arenaceous. withsiliceous cement; aperture at end ofchamber, rounded, with short neck, andwithout a tooth.
Remarks :-This new genus can be
distinguished from Silicosigmoilina by
the development of spiroloculine chambers in the adult stage, and from Spirosigmoilina by the presence of a siliceous~-------* Read June 26, 1954; received Nov. 6, 1954.
49

Takashi MATSUNAGA

50

test, that is, by the characters of theirshells.
Geological range :-Lower to Middle
Miocene. Japan.
S Pit·osigmoilinclla compressa
MATSVNACA, n. sp.
Text-figs. 1-2

Description:-Test strongly compressed,
about twice as long as broad, peripherysubangular: early chambers sigmoidal,
later ones spiroloculine; suture often
indistinct: wall finely arenaceous withsiliceous cement : aperture at end ofchamber, rounded. with a short neckand no tooth.

from 0.37 mm to 0.71 nun.
Locality and geological age :-Fromthe upper part of the Teradomari formation <Middle l\liocene) at a depth of
H'l4.8 meters in the Teikoku Oil Company's Yahiko R-2, 80 meters east of
Yahagi, Yahiko-nmra, Nishikanbara-gun,
Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Holotype(TOC. Pal. Coli. Cat. No. 601451).
Deposited in the collection of the
Paleontological Laboratory, Teikoku Oil
Company, Tokyo, Japan.
Occurrence :-Besides the type locality
above mentioned, the genus is found in
the following formations: Teradomari
and Nanatani formations in Niigata
Prefecture. Lower part of the Kitamataand Upper part of the Aosawa formationsin the Shonai district, Yamagata Prefecture.
Funakawa and Onnagawa
formations in Al<ita Prefecture. Up tothe present: time. the genus has not beenfound in horizons younger than theformations afore-mentioned. Although
it has not yet been found in Hokkaido,
its occurrence is expected.
References
ASANO, K., (1950), Upper Cretaceous Foramini-

Text-figs. 1-2
Spirosigmoiliuc/la comprcssa MATSUNAGA,
n. gen., n. sp. x 51
la, b. Holotype, Teradomari Formation, Niigata
Pref., Japan. 2. Young specimen, Teradomari
Formation, at a depth of 856.0 m. in the Teikoku Oil Company's Tanaka R-5, Tanaka.
Nishigoshi-mura, Santo-gun, Niigata Pre£., Japan.

Dimcnsiom:-Maximum length of bolotype 0.59 rnm. Paratypes range in length

fera from Japan: Pacific Science, Honolulu,
vol. 4, 110. 2, p. 159, pl. 1, figs. 6-7.
CUSHMAN. J. A. and C. C. CHURCH, (1929),
Some Upper Cretaceous For:~minifera fromnear Coalinga. California: California Acad.
Sci., Proc., San Fraucisco, Cal., scr. 4, vol.
18, no. 16, p. 502. pl. 36, figs. lll-12.
PARR, W. ]., (1942), New Genera of Foraminifera from the Tertiary of Victoria: !lfining
mzd Gcol. jour., !.Jelboume, vol. 2, 110. 6,
p. 361.

51

PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (9)Number

No. 3, 1953

1078. L.

Clark: Som!> Hepaticae from theGalapagos, Cocos, and other Pacific Coast
Islands. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ;-;~r. 4,
Vol. 27, No. 18, 1953
1079. C. M. Younge: Observations on Hipponix
antiquatus (Linnaeus) Ibid., s.:r. 4. Vol.
28, No. 1, 1953
1080 . .1. Linsley Gre:>.>itt: The California Academy-Lingnan Dawn-Redwood Expedition
Ibid., ser. 4. Vol. 28, No. 2, 1953
1081. E. 0. Essig: Some New and Noteworthy
Aphirbe from western and s:->ulhern
South America. Ibid., s~r. 4. Vol. 28,---------

1082. 1\Icm. Fac. Sci., Kyushu Univ . Ser. D.
lOS:~.

108·!.

1085.
1086.
1087.

Vol. 4. No. 1. 1954
l\Iem. Fac. Sci., Kyushu Univ., Ser. D,
Vol. 4. No. 2, 1954
C. P. Chatwin: British Regional Geology
East Anglia and Adjoining Area. 3rd eel
195-l
C~uart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 107,
pt. 1, 1951
Quart. .Journ. (~eo!. Soc. London, Vol. 107,
pt. 2, 1952(~uart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London. Vol. 107,
pt. 3, 1952--- ------------PROCEEDINGS OF THE PALAEONTOLOGICALSOCIETY OF JAPANra*~:'E~~~ 1954~~~_,1954:¥ 12 ~ 19 8
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Tei ichi KoBAY AS III and l\linoru TAMURA
Somt" New Species of the Myophorl'llinae
from Central and West Japan (ft"'l\?l')Teiichi KOBAYASHIThe Bituberculate Pachydiscicls from Hokkaido and Saghalien Tatsuro MATSUMOTO

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ofll7)7 '~ 7 7--:. ·y rJI[iit::ffi!riJ L. fi'lJ-'-h1fil7)i\i\li)(lt3"Ei&1i'ftJiliH:-t.Qo mllix=J<!m. ~ftll.M'i. ~. J.i[i('lH.t.~-"'< ~l'i&~. text-figure ~/H.·1Eii1tli.:~A.-t7.:.o Xifil:~}fif.li7)Jjl.;!<lii?(l7)jffi IJ
H. KATo (19H) des:-ril.Jed the fossils from .......... ..
YAMAMOTO (1940a) summarized the knowledge of .......... ..

These rocks were named the Sinano volcanic s~ries (YAMAMOTo, 1940b, p. 102)

References cited
On the fossils from ........... ·, fap. four. Gcol. Geogr., Vol, 28, pp. 74-81.
Geology of .............. jour. Geol. Soc. japan, Vol. 58, pp. 102-133.
· - - - (1940b): Volcanic rocks of Sinano district, four. Fac. Soi.. Tokyo Imp. U11iv. Sect. 11, Vol.
13, Pl. 4, pp. 1-31.
KATO.

llirosi (1941):

YAMAMoTo, Siro (19-IOa):

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