Open Geospatial Consortium
Submission Date: 2018-03-20
Approval Date: 2018-08-27
Publication Date: 2018-12-19
External identifier of this OGC® document: http://www.opengis.net/doc/BP/cdb-radar/1.1
Internal reference number of this OGC® document: 16-004r4
Version: 1.1
Category: OGC® Best Practice
Editor: Carl Reed

Volume 5: OGC CDB Radar Cross Section (RCS) Models
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Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium
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Warning
This document defines an OGC Best Practices on a particular technology or approach
related to an OGC standard. This document is not an OGC Standard and may not bereferred to as an OGC Standard. It is subject to change without notice. However, thisdocument is an official position of the OGC membership on this particular technology
topic.

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OGC® Best PracticeApproved
EnglishCopyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

1

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Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium2

Contents
1.

Scope ........................................................................................................................... 52.

Conformance ............................................................................................................... 5

3.

References ................................................................................................................... 6

4.

Terms and Definitions................................................................................................. 6

5.

Conventions ................................................................................................................ 7
5.1

6.

7.

Identifiers ............................................................................................................. 7

Radar Cross Section Models ....................................................................................... 7
6.1

Functional Description ......................................................................................... 9

6.2

Wave Polarization .............................................................................................. 10

6.3

Wave Parameters ................................................................................................ 12

RCS Data Model ....................................................................................................... 12
7.1

Radar Cross Section Data Model ....................................................................... 12

7.2

RCS Data Model ................................................................................................ 12

7.3

RCS Polar Diagram Data Representation using Shapefile................................. 13

7.3.1

Shapefile Internal Data Structure ................................................................ 13

7.3.2

Multi-Variant RCS Model Applicability .................................................... 25

7.3.3

Model’s Articulations Effect on RCS Data ................................................ 46

Conformance Test Class: OGC CDB Radar Cross Section (RCS) ............................ 47
A.1 General RCS Implementation............................................................................. 47
A.2 Shapefile Point Vertices ....................................................................................... 47
A.3 Model Signature Significant Angle..................................................................... 48
A.4 RCS Attributes ..................................................................................................... 48
A.5 RCS Storage Files................................................................................................. 49
A.6 RCS Storage Files................................................................................................. 49

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium3i.
Abstract
This CDB volume provides all of the information required to store Radar Cross Section(RCS) data within a conformant CDB data store.
Please note that the current CDB standard only provides encoding rules for using Esri
ShapeFiles for storing RCS models. However, this Best Practice has been modified tochange most of the ShapeFile references to “vector data sets” or “vector attributes” and“Point Shapes” to “Point geometries”. This was done in recognition that future versionsof the CDB standard and related Best Practices will provide guidance on using otherencodings/formats, such as OGC GML.

Keywordsii.
The following are keywords to be used by search engines and document catalogues.
ogcdoc, OGC document, cdb, radar, radar cross section, models, rcs, shapefile

Prefaceiii.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be
the subject of patent rights. The Open Geospatial Consortium shall not be held
responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Recipients of this document are requested to submit, with their comments, notification of
any relevant patent claims or other intellectual property rights of which they may beaware that might be infringed by any implementation of the standard set forth in thisdocument, and to provide supporting documentation.
iv.

Submitting organizations

The following organizations submitted this Document to the Open Geospatial
Consortium (OGC):CAE Inc.
Carl Reed, OGC Individual Member
Envitia, Ltd
Glen Johnson, OGC Individual Member
KaDSci, LLC
Laval University
Open Site Plan
University of Calgary
UK Met Office

The OGC CDB standard is based on and derived from an industry developed andmaintained specification, which has been approved and published as OGC Document 15Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

4003: OGC Common Data Base Volume 1 Main Body. An extensive listing ofcontributors to the legacy industry-led CDB specification is at Chapter 11, pp 475-476 inthat OGC Best Practices Document(https://portal.opengeospatial.org/files/?artifact_id=61935) .

v.

Submitters
All questions regarding this submission should be directed to the editor or the submitters:

Name

1.

Affiliation

Carl Reed

Carl Reed & Associates

David Graham

CAE Inc.

Scope

This CDB Best Practice (BP) defines a RCS (Radar Cross-Section) model representation
for use by Sensor Simulation client-devices such as Radar and/or Sonar. The BP
provides a signature model representing the overall relative reflectivity levels of a given
Model Representation when viewed at discrete azimuth and elevation angles. The RCS
data is then used in range and aspect calculations for the detection and classification ofsimulated targets (either static or moving).
For ease of editing and review, the original CDB specification has been separated into 12
Volumes and a schema repository.
● Volume 0: OGC CDB Companion Primer for the CDB standard. (Best Practice)● Volume 1: OGC CDB Core Standard: Model and Physical Data Store Structure.
The main body (core) of the CBD standard (Normative).
• Volume 2: OGC CDB Core Model and Physical Structure Annexes (BestPractice).
● Volume 3: OGC CDB Terms and Definitions (Normative).
● Volume 4: OGC CDB Use of Shapefiles for Vector Data Storage (Best Practice).
● Volume 5: OGC CDB Radar Cross Section (RCS) Models (Best Practice).
● Volume 6: OGC CDB Rules for Encoding Data using OpenFlight (Best Practice).
● Volume 7: OGC CDB Data Model Guidance (Best Practice).
● Volume 8: OGC CDB Spatial Reference System Guidance (Best Practice).
● Volume 9: OGC CDB Schema Package: provides the normative schemas for key
features types required in the synthetic modelling environment. Essentially, theseschemas are designed to enable semantic interoperability within the simulation
context. (Normative)● Volume 10: OGC CDB Implementation Guidance (Best Practice).
● Volume 11: OGC CDB Core Standard Conceptual Model (Normative)
Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

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● Volume 12: OGC CDB Navaids Attribution and Navaids Attribution
Enumeration Values (Best Practice)2.

ConformanceThis Best Practice defines one conformance class.
Conformance with this Best Practice shall be checked using all the relevant tests
specified in Annex A (normative) of this document. The framework, concepts, andmethodology for testing, and the criteria to be achieved to claim conformance are
specified in the OGC Compliance Testing Policies and Procedures and the OGC
Compliance Testing web site1.
All requirements-classes and conformance-classes described in this document are ownedby the standard(s) identified.

3.

References

The following normative documents contain provisions that, through reference in thistext, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, subsequent
amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated
references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
[22] AN/APA to AN/APD - Equipment Listing. http://www.designationsystems.net/usmilav/jetds/an-apa2apd.html#_APA[23] Radar Polarimetry - Fundamentals of Remote Sensing. National Resources Canada.
https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/geomatics/satellite-imagery-air-photos/satelliteimagery-products/educational-resources/9275[24] RCS in Radar Range Calculations for Maritime Targets, by Ingo Harre. Bremen,
Germany. (V2.0-20040206). http://www.mar-it.de/Radar/RCS/RCS_xx.pdf[25] Decibels relative to a square meter – dBsm. By Zhao Shengyun.
http://radarproblems.com/chapters/ch06.dir/ch06pr.dir/c06p11.dir/c06p11.htm

4.

Terms and Definitions

This document uses the terms defined in Sub-clause 5.3 of [OGC 06-121r8], which isbased on the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, Rules for the structure and drafting of
1

www.opengeospatial.org/cite

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

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International Standards. In particular, the word “shall” (not “must”) is the verb form used
to indicate a requirement to be strictly followed to conform to this OGC Best Practice.
See the CDB Terms and Definitions document in OGC CDB Volume 3: Terms andDefinitions at http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/cdb.

5.

Conventions

This section provides details and examples for any conventions used in the document.
Examples of conventions are symbols, abbreviations, use of XML schema, or special
notes regarding how to read the document.
5.1
Identifiers
The normative provisions in this Best Practice are denoted by the URI
http://www.opengis.net/spec/1.1/cdb-radar
All requirements and conformance tests that appear in this document are denoted bypartial URIs which are relative to this base.
For the sake of brevity, the use of “req” in a requirement URI denotes:
http://www.opengis.net/spec/1.1/cdb-radar
An example might be:
req/cdb-radar/storage

6.

Radar Cross Section Models

For devices such as Radar, a geometric representation of a model may often provide alevel of fidelity which is insufficient or inappropriate for use in simulation. Alternately,
it may not be feasible to compute a radar cross-section of the model in real-time. Further,a user may wish to incorporate real-world RCS data into the simulator client-devices inorder to further improve simulation fidelity. To this end, this document defines a RCS(Radar Cross-Section) model representation for use by Sensor Simulation client-devices
such as Radar and/or Sonar. This model provides a signature model representing theoverall relative reflectivity levels of a given Model Representation when viewed at
discrete azimuth and elevation angles. The RCS data is then used in range and aspectcalculations for the detection and classification of simulated targets (either ground or
moving).
The following Section 6 Clauses provide a primer on radar, basic principles of operation
and radar cross sections (RCS).
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The Radar Cross-Section (RCS) of a target is a measure of the radar reflection
characteristics of a target (usually expressed in m2, dBsm, or volts). It is equal to thepower reflected back to the radar divided by power density of the wave striking thetarget. For most targets, the radar cross-section corresponds to the area of the crosssection of the sphere that would reflect the same energy back to the radar, if a metal
sphere were substituted. A sphere is sometimes used since the RCS of a sphere isindependent of frequency if operating in the far field region of the radar (Reference [24]).
The RCS data unit of measure for the intensity are usually referenced as a normalized
ratio in Decibels relative to a square meter (reference [25]), or otherwise known as dBsm.
Another data measure that is linked to the intensity measure is also the ‘phase shift’ angle(in degrees) of the returned energy. It can provide some additional information about thereflective attributes of the elements reflecting back to the radar.
However, the RCS defines the echo at the radar for the model (target) in question, which
varies considerably depending on the target’s orientation, its relative distance and sizewith respect to the simulated radar’s antenna. The viewing angles are shown in the
diagram below.

Figure A-19: Relative Azimuth (α) and Elevation (φ) Angles

RCS curves are normally produced using highly specialized off-line tools which input themodel geometry and material attributes (typically an OpenFlight file) and applies
physics-based processing like geometric ray-tracing, optical reflections/refractions,corner detection, material absorption and so on to the geometric data representation of themodel. This processing is computationally expensive and is usually performed in non
real-time. The end-result of this computation (usually 2D arrays of data points inelevation and azimuth) provides data that can be used more efficiently by simulation
modeling such as radar at run-time. Those data curves are stored in a polar-type
representation table, which provide specific reflectivity levels given a set of azimuth andelevation aspect angles.

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

86.1
Functional Description
To simulate a target for most modes of operation, the Radar software uses an RCS Polar
Diagram as shown below:

Figure A-20: Polar Diagram of RCS data in Decibels at a given elevation angle

The polar diagram allows the radar to use an RCS value array (indexed byazimuth/elevation angles) for getting an approximation of the overall RCS of distanttargets. The approximated RCS data is a function of the model’s materials, geometry,view angles, and multi-paths reflections generated within the model itself.
RCS data can also be depicted more linearly as shown in the following diagram:

Figure A-21: Linear Diagram of RCS data in Decibels at a given elevation angle

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As can be seen in the example above, relative intensities are much greater when viewing
the model directly in front (0° azimuth), from the back (±180° azimuth) and on the sides(-90° and +90° azimuth).
The RCS data is often characterized by its data resolution and physical modelingparameters. The data resolution determines the angular increments between successive
RCS values, and modeling parameters specify the attributes of the physical parameters
used to drive the RCS mathematical model computations (such as the Electro-Magnetic
properties of the simulated electric field).
Both wavelength and polarization affect how a radar system “sees” the elements in thescene. Therefore, radar using different polarization and wavelength combinations may
provide different and complementary information, which can be used to enhance theradar image in a specific way.
6.2
Wave Polarization
When computing an RCS model, it is important to consider microwave energy
propagation and scattering, and also the polarization of the radiation, which is an
important property. For a plane electromagnetic (EM) wave, polarization refers to thelocus of the electric field vector in the plane perpendicular to the direction of
propagation. The length of the vector represents the amplitude of the wave, and therotation rate of the vector represents the frequency of the wave. Polarization refers to theorientation and shape of the pattern traced by the tip of the vector (Reference [23]).

Figure A-22: Horizontal and Vertical Polarization of a plane of EM wave

The waveform of the electric field strength (voltage) of an EM wave can be predictable(the wave is polarized) or random (the wave is un-polarized), or a combination of both. In
the latter case, the degree of polarization describes the ratio of polarized power to total
power of the wave. An example of a fully polarized wave would be a monochromaticsine wave, with a single, constant frequency and stable amplitude.
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Many types of radar antennae are designed to transmit and/or receive microwave
radiation that is either horizontally (H) or vertically (V) polarized, or a combination of
both. A transmitted wave of either polarization can generate a backscattered wave with avariety of polarizations, thus an equal amount of resulting RCS curves.
Polarization type on either transmission or reception mode can be synthesized by using H
and V components, with a well-defined relationship between them. For this reason,systems that transmit and receive both of these linear polarizations are commonly used.
With these radars, there can be four combinations of transmit and receive polarizations:
HH - for horizontal transmit and horizontal receive
VV - for vertical transmit and vertical receive
HV - for horizontal transmit and vertical receive, and
VH - for vertical transmit and horizontal receive.
The first two polarization combinations are referred to as “like-polarized” because
transmit and receive polarization types are the same. The last two combinations arereferred to as “cross-polarized” because transmit and receive polarizations are orthogonal
to one another.
Radar systems can have one, two, or all four of these transmit/receive polarization
combinations. Examples include the following types of radar systems:
Single polarized
Dual polarized
Alternating polarization
Polarimetric

HH or VV (or possibly HV or VH)
HH and HV, VV and VH, or HH andVV
HH and HV, alternating with VV andVH
HH, VV, HV, and VH

Both wavelength and polarization affect how a radar system “sees” the elements in thescene. Therefore, radar using different polarization and wavelength combinations may
provide different and complementary information, which can be used to enhance theradar image in a specific way.
Therefore, polarization information is an important part of the CDB’s RCS Data
representation.

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6.3
Wave Parameters
In addition to the wave polarization explained above, other physical parameters of themodeled electromagnetic wave are also a contributing factor to the RCS of a target when
seen by Radar. Therefore those parameters are available in conjunction with the RCS
data curves:
Those parameters are generally as follows:

7.

-

Radar Mode (Continuous wave or Pulsed)-

Radiating Frequency-

Antenna Main Lobe Gain-

Antenna Main Lobe Bandwidth-

Antenna Side Lobe 3dB point-

Radar Pulse width (if pulsed radar mode)-

Radar Pulse Repetition Frequency (if pulsed radar mode)RCS Data Model

7.1
Radar Cross Section Data Model
The Radar Cross-Section (RCS) of a target is a measure of the radar reflection
characteristics of a target (usually expressed in m2, dBsm, or volts). It is equal to thepower reflected back to the radar divided by power density of the wave striking thetarget. For most targets, the radar cross-section corresponds to the area of the crosssection of the sphere that would reflect the same energy back to the radar, if a metal
sphere were substituted. A sphere is sometimes used since the RCS of a sphere isindependent of frequency if operating in the far field region of the radar. The following
sections define the requirements for an RCS in a conformant CDB data store.
7.2
RCS Data Model
The CDB RCS data is organized so that client-devices can easily retrieve the following
information from the RCS model (Figure 7-1: Graphical Representation of the 3D Model
RCS Vector Data) below:••••

The modeling (physical) parameters that were used to generate the RCS polar data.
The RCS polar representation corresponding to one or more levels of resolution of
the RCS polar data.
The RCS polar representation corresponding to distinct radar mode of operation.
The RCS polar representation corresponding to a distinct radar model type.

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RCS resolution refers to the angular pitch used in gathering RCS data for the model inquestion. At a given RCS resolution, it is possible to have two or more RCS polar
representations due to the fact that the RCS data is computed based on a number ofphysical modeling properties such as the characteristics of the electromagnetic beam, its
frequency, polarization, amplitude and phase. A simulated sensor operating in a given
mode of operation, over a given range of frequencies, will require the RCS data closest to
this mode. It will therefore need to use the closest matching Polar Diagram from the
RCS model data.
7.3
RCS Polar Diagram Data Representation using Shapefile
This section provides a detailed description of the content and format of RCS data for a
conformant implementation of a CDB data store.
7.3.1

Shapefile Internal Data Structure

Requirement 1
Req 1

req/cdb-radar/storage

Within a CDB, the RCS model SHALL be stored as a series of Esri’s ShapeFiles inaccordance with the Esri Shapefile Specification2.

This section describes the vector data structure for the representation of RCS model data.
This format provides the required flexibility to create and visualize the RCS data
including:••••Easy modification of data attributes
Simple visualization of RCS data in polar form
Allow irregular steps in azimuth/elevation (X/Y)
Allow some possibly missing values

RCS data is inherently two-dimensional in nature and is naturally organized as a twodimensional array of RCS polar values computed at various azimuth and elevation angles
from the target. Each element of this array represents the RCS data value over each
uniformly distributed azimuth angle and distinct elevation angle.
Therefore, each of such array element can be represented as a “Point” geometry, with theazimuth angle value (X) at a given elevation angle (Y), while at the same time storing theassociated attributes such as the RCS, Amplitude or Phase data in the instance attribute2

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium13

database (dbf file) associated to the vector data, currently a Shapefile. Typical azimuth
angles would range between -180° and +180°, whereas the elevation angles would coverfrom -90° to +90°. However, the RCS data set could potentially only cover just a partial
range of those angles if data is incomplete for example. This can be visualized in thenext diagram, showing RCS values at various azimuth angles corresponding to anelevation angle of 20° with respect to the model (cube). Note that the axis conventions
follow those described in Section 6.3, Coordinate Systems.

Figure 7-1: Graphical Representation of the 3D Model RCS Vector Data

Partial RCS data is permitted, i.e., it is permitted to cover a sub-region of the RCS polar
diagram with only points corresponding to known values.
For example, consider an RCS model consisting of data values in 5o elevation increments
and 2o azimuth increments covering the entire aspect angle range of the target. The CDB
representation would consist of (180°/5°)+1 = 37 sets of (360°/2°)+1 = 181 points(vertices) for a full target aspect coverage; yielding 6697 point shapes with their attribute
data.
Requirement 2
Req 2

req/cdb-radar/storage-vertices

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For each of the vector point vertices, the X component SHALL represent the azimuth
angle (equivalent to longitude) and the Y component SHALL represent the elevation
angle (equivalent to latitude); the RCS value (and other attributes) SHALL be stored in
the instance attributes within the DBF file.-azimuth

Requirement 3
Req 3

req/cdb-radar/storage-sig-angle

The eight prescribed values for azimuth and elevation increments SHALL be used forspecifying the ModelSignature Significant Angle. The table below shows thecorrespondence between the ModelSignature LOD level number and theModelSignature Significant Angle.

Table 7-1: ModelSignature Significant Angle per LOD
ModelSignature LOD
level

Significant Angle

Number of values

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

90° ≤ Significant angle
45° ≤ Significant angle < 90°
22.5° ≤ Significant angle < 45°
11.25° ≤ Significant angle < 22.5°
5.625° ≤ Significant angle < 11.25°
2.80° ≤ Significant angle < 5.625°
1.40° ≤ Significant angle < 2.80°
0.70° ≤ Significant angle < 1.40°

Less than 8
between 8 and 32
between 32 and 128
between 128 and 512
between 512 and 2048
between 8192 and 32768
between 32768 and 131072
between 131072 and 524288

Such a data representation would typically produce the following diagram when viewed
in 2D (Figure 7-2: Polar Diagram of RCS Data in Planar Representation) and 3D (Figure
7-3: Polar Diagram of RCS Data in Spherical Representation) polar forms (color
representing the RCS Intensity attribute):

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Figure 7-2: Polar Diagram of RCS Data in Planar Representation

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Figure 7-3: Polar Diagram of RCS Data in Spherical Representation

In addition, specific attributes within the vector data are required to specify othercharacteristics of the RCS data, like EM polarization mode and frequency that were used
when characterizing the target’s RCS signature. Those are the class-level attributes andare described below.
Requirement 4
Req 4

req/cdb-radar/attributes

The data for each distinct RCS representation model SHALL have two different types
of attributes; RCS model class attributes and RCS instance attributes as defined below.

1. RCS Model Class-level attribution: These are attributes that can be shared by allof the RCS model instances of the RCS representation. The attributes and theirvalues are logically re-grouped under a classname that stands for the entire
17

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortiumattributes specific to the RCS model. All of the classnames are re-grouped into amodel.dbf file referred to as the RCS Class Attribute file for the RCS model. (See
Section 7.4.1, Directory Structure) Each row of the model.dbf file corresponds toa different classname. The first column of the file is the classname attribute andacts as the primary key to access subsequent table entries; all other columns
correspond to the attributes represented by the classname.
2. RCS Instance-level attribution: This is the data that represents a particularinstance of the RCS model for a RCS representation. The data is contained in theattribution columns of the model.dbf file that accompanies the RCS’s *.shp file.
This *.dbf file is referred to as the RCS Instance Attribute file of the RCS model.
(See Section 7.4.1, Directory Structure) The first column of each row is always
the classname attribute. The other columns in a RCS Instance Attribute file areused to describe further the associated shape.
Requirement 5
Req 5

req/cdb-radar/storage-files

In summary, for a single RCS model in the CDB, the data files SHALL consist of:•••

One *.shp main file that provides the geometric aspect (Points) for each data
instance of a RCS model.
Two *.dbf files (one instance-level on a-per RCS feature basis, and one classlevel at the RCS model level) that collectively provide the attribution for all of
the possible RCS models of a given RCS Model.
One *.shx index file that stores the file offsets and content lengths for each of therecords of the main *.shp file. The only purpose of this file is to provide a simple
means for clients to step through the individual records of the *.shp file (i.e., it
contains no CDB modeled data).

•
7.3.1.1 RCS Model Class-Level Attributes:
Many attributes within the vector data are required to specify the physical modelingparameters corresponding to those used to produce the RCS data. These include, forinstance, the electromagnetic (EM) polarization mode and the frequency that were used
when characterizing the target’s RCS signature.
The CDB RCS model representation offers a comprehensive set of class attributes thatare described below. Please note that these attributes are an elaborate set of fields toindicate in which physical environment the RCS data were computed and does notnecessarily reflect a precise operating mode of a particular radar.

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium18

A description of the attribute information follows below. (The reader should keep inmind that the 10-character limitation of attribute names is imposed by the dBASE III+
file format used by the Shapefile .DBF data format).
Table 7-2: XML Tags for Hot Spots
Attribute
CLASSNAME

FormatSTRING

Description
Unique string identifying
the RCS model classattribute characteristics
String representing theversion level of the RCS
Data
Number representation of
the computation day

ValuesUniquely identifiable character
string for the class name

Units
String of 32
characters

VERSIONSTRINGXX.YY.ZZ

String of 8
characters

PROD_DAY

INT

DD

N/A

PROD_MTH

INT

Number representation of
the computation month

MM

N/A

PROD_YEA

INT

Number representation of
the computation year

YYYY

N/A

CLASS_TYP

INTLevel of Classification

Enumerated

DAT_SRC_T

INT

Data from which RCS wasderived

RCS_VARISTRING

Radar Model Variant(e.g., “AN/APG-65”)

0 – 999
0 : UNKNOWN
1 : UNCLASSIFIED
2 : SECRET
3 : TOP SECRET
4 : DECLASSIFIED
999: OTHER
0 - 999
0 : UNKNOWN
100 : OPENFLIGHT
200 : EMPIRICAL
300 : THIRD-PARTY TOOL
400 : US Air Force
401 : US Army
402 : US Navy
999 : OTHER
7.3.2, Multi-Variant RCS Model
Applicability

3RD_PARTY

INT

3rd party tool used for RCS
Production

0 - 999
0 : UNKNOWN
100 : RADBASE
200 : XPATCH
300 : MATHLAB/SIMULINK
999 : OTHER

Enumerated

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

Enumerated

String of 10
characters

19POL_TYPE

INTPolarization Mode of RFemissionused to characterize RCS

EX_AMPLDOUBLE

EY_AMPLDOUBLE

EX_PHASE

DOUBLE

EY_PHASE

DOUBLE

EX_FREQDOUBLE

EY_FREQDOUBLEINTENS_TY

INTTransmitted Ex-component
amplitude level
Transmitted Ey-component
amplitude level
Transmitted Ex-component
phaseTransmitted Ey-component
phaseTransmitted Ex-component
frequency
Transmitted Ey-component
frequency
RCS Value units

ANGL_TYPINTRCS Angular Value units

FREQU_TYINTRCS Frequency Value units

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

0- 9990 : UNKNOWN
1 : LINEAR
2 : CIRCULAR
3 : ELLIPTICAL
4 : SINGLE HH
5 : SINGLE HV
6 : SINGLE VV
7 : SINGLE VH
8 : DUAL HH-HV
9 : DUAL VV-VH
10 : DUAL HH-VV
11 : ALTERNATING HH-HV
12 : ALTERNATING VV-VH
13 : POLARIMETRIC HH
14 : POLARIMETRIC VV
15 : POLARIMETRIC HV
16 : POLARIMETRIC VH
999: OTHER

Enumerated

INTENS_TY
INTENS_TY
ANGL_TYPANGL_TYPFREQU_TY
FREQU_TY
0 – 999
0 : UNKNOWN
1 : DB
2 : DBSM
3 : VOLTS
4 : SURFACE
5 : M2
999: OTHER
0 : UNKNOWN
1 : DEGREES
2 : RADIANS
3 : GRADIANS
4 : STERADIANS
0 : UNKNOWN
1 : HERTZ
2 : KILOHERTZ
3 : MEGAHERTZ
4 : GIGAHERTZ
5 : TERAHERTZ
6 : PETAHERTZ

N/A

N/A

N/A

20

TGT_TY

INT

Target Mode Value units

0 : UNKNOWN
1 : NORMAL
2 : SLIGHTLY DAMAGED
3 : DAMAGED
4 : DESTROYED
0 : UNKNOWN
1 : SECONDS
2 : MILLI-SECONDS
3 : MICRO-SECONDS

Enumerated

TIME_TY

INTTime Value units

RF_TY

INT

RF Emission Mode Type

0 : UNKNOWN
1 : CONTINUOUS WAVE
2 : PULSED

Enumerated

LENGTH_TY

INTLength Value units

0 – 999
0 : UNKNOWN
1 : NANOMETER
2 : MICRON
3 : MILLIMETER
4 : CENTIMETER
5 : METER
6 : KILOMETER
999: OTHER

N/A

RF_FREQDOUBLE

Frequency of RF emission
used to characterize RCSFREQU_TY

TGT_SSDOUBLE

Significant size of input
Source Model DataLENGTH_TY

MLOBEGAINDOUBLE

Antenna Main Lobe Gain

INTENS_TY

MLOBEBWDOUBLE

Antenna Main Lobe
Bandwidth

ANGL_TYPSLOBE3DB

DOUBLE

Antenna Side Lobe 3dB
Point

ANGL_TYP

RF_PWIDTHDOUBLE

RF Pulse Width

TIME_TY

RF_PRFDOUBLE

RF Pulse Repetition
Frequency

FREQU_TY

RCS_AVG_I

DOUBLEINTENS_TY

RCS_AVG_A

DOUBLERCS_AVG_P

DOUBLERCS_NML_I

DOUBLERCS Intensity Average (ormean) Value. This
represents the arithmetic
mean of the RCS table.
RCS Amplitude Average (ormean) Value. This
represents the arithmetic
mean of the RCS table.
RCS Phase Shift Average(or mean) Value. This
represents the arithmetic
mean of the RCS table.
Approximated RCSIntensity Value for ‘Normal’

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

Enumerated

INTENS_TY

ANGL_TYPINTENS_TY

21

RCS_NML_A

DOUBLERCS_NML_P

DOUBLERCS_SD_I

DOUBLERCS_SD_A

DOUBLERCS_SD_P

DOUBLERCS_DMG_I

DOUBLERCS_DMG_A

DOUBLERCS_DMG_P

DOUBLERCS_DST_I

DOUBLERCS_DST_A

DOUBLERCS_DST_P

DOUBLE

RCS_FLU_I

DOUBLE

RCS_FLU_A

DOUBLE

RCS_FLU_P

DOUBLERCS_SCINTDOUBLEstate
Approximated RCS
Amplitude Value for‘Normal’ state
Approximated RCS Phase
Shift Value for ‘Normal’state
Approximated RCSIntensity Value for ‘Slightly
Damaged’ state
Approximated RCS
Amplitude Value for‘Slightly Damaged’ state
Approximated RCS Phase
Shift Value for ‘Slightly
Damaged’ state
Approximated RCSIntensity Value for‘Damaged’ state
Approximated RCS
Amplitude Value for‘Damaged’ state
Approximated RCS Phase
Shift Value for ‘Damaged’
state
Approximated RCSIntensity Value for‘Destroyed’ state
Approximated RCS
Amplitude Value for‘Destroyed’ state
Approximated RCS Phase
Shift Value for ‘Destroyed’state
RCS Intensity Fluctuation(or Variance); the mean of
all squared deviations fromthe mean for all RCS values.
RCS Amplitude Fluctuation(or Variance); the mean of
all squared deviations fromthe mean for all RCS values.
RCS Phase Fluctuation (orVariance); the mean of all
squared deviations from themean for all RCS values.
This value specifies a level 7.3.3, Model’s Articulationsof scintillation to be added
Effect on RCS Data
to the simulated radar
signature when model parts
are being articulated.

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

INTENS_TY
ANGL_TY
INTENS_TY
INTENS_TY
ANGL_TY
INTENS_TY
INTENS_TY
ANGL_TY
INTENS_TY
INTENS_TY
ANGL_TY
N/A

N/A

N/A

INTENS_TY

22

RCS_FLASHDOUBLE

EQ_SPH_RD

DOUBLE

MAX_VAL_I

DOUBLE

MAX_VAL_A

DOUBLE

MAX_VAL_P

DOUBLEMIN_VAL_I

DOUBLEMIN_VAL_A

DOUBLEMIN_VAL_P

DOUBLEAZ_SSANGLDOUBLE

EL_SSANGLDOUBLEAZ_LSANGLDOUBLE

EL_LSANGLDOUBLERCS Intensity of Target
when viewed directly at 0˚(face) or 180˚ (back)degrees azimuth. This
“face” value is sometimes
necessary when viewpoint
turns around target and getsa “flash” at those specificangles.
Radius of an approximatedequivalent metallic sphere
substituting the model
RCS Table Max Intensity
Value
RCS Table Max Amplitude
Value
RCS Table Max Phase ShiftValue
RCS Table Min Intensity
Value
RCS Table Min Amplitude
Value
RCS Table Min Phase ShiftValue
Azimuth smallest significant
delta angle
Elevation smallest deltasignificant angle

INTENS_TY

Smallest azimuth angle
increment found in data
Smallest elevation angle
increment found in data

ANGL_TYP

Azimuth largest significant
delta angle
Elevation largest significant
delta angle

Smallest azimuth angle
increment found in data
Smallest elevation angle
increment found in data

ANGL_TYPLENGTH_TY
INTENS_TY
INTENS_TY
ANGL_TY
INTENS_TY
INTENS_TY
ANGL_TY

ANGL_TYPANGL_TYP

7.3.1.2 RCS Instance-Level Attribute Data
The data for an entire RCS model itself is stored as a series of Point geometries, each
representing the RCS data values with respect to the model’s center for the corresponding
azimuth and elevation angles as represented by the point X and Y coordinates. The *.dbf
portion of the vector data set provides the instance attribute information for each of the
RCS Point. A description of the attribute information follows below:
ShapeType = POINT
Values:
X coordinate is the Azimuth angle of the RCS sample
Y coordinate is the Elevation angle of the RCS sample

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23

NOTE:The RCS of the model when viewed at +90° elevation (top view) is
significantly different than the one at -90° elevation (bottom view),
so there should be (180/EL_STEP)+1 point values to cover all
elevations. The azimuth, which has the same RCS value for +180°
and -180° will cover (360/AZ_STEP) point values.

Table 7-3: RCS Instance Attribute Fields
ATTRIBUTE

TYPE

DESCRIPTIONVALUESUNITS

CLASSNAMESTRING

String of 32 characters

RCS_INTE

DOUBLE

Unique string referring to
the RCS model classattribute name
RCS Intensity Level

RCS_AMPLDOUBLERCS Amplitude Level

INTEN_TY

RCS_PHASDOUBLERCS Phase

ANGL_TYPINTEN_TY

Figure 7-4: UML Representation of the 3D Model RCS Vector Data Structure

For a given RCS curve in a vector data set, an attribute “CLASSNAME” indicates which
type of sensor application the curve data is derived for, and under which resolution thedata was produced. Therefore, the single vector data set of the Model can regroup all
sensor data pertaining to various RCS signature types and resolutions for a given RCS
Model. Consider the next example. The vector data format therefore should not preclude
the capability to support multiple RCS curves simultaneously for a given model.
Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

24

Figure 7-5: Example of RCS Vector Data

7.3.2

Multi-Variant RCS Model Applicability

Requirement 6
Req 6

req/cdb-radar/rcs-vari

Each variant of the RCS model in the vector data set SHALL have a 10-character string
attribute called “RCS_VARI”. The string may contain the specific Radar model
number (and possibly its frequency band L-Band, S-Band, X-Band, Ku-Band) for
which this RCS variant applies to. The suggested string convention for this field is as
described in reference [22].

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For example: The “AN/APG-65” Radar model name represents a Pulse Doppler X-Band
Multi-Mode Radar manufactured by Raytheon (Hughes) and used in F/A-18, AV-8B+
aircraft.
Table 7-4: Radar Model Numbers

AN/APA - Airborne Radar Auxiliary Assemblies
Model Number
AN/APA-1
AN/APA-2
AN/APA-3
AN/APA-4
AN/APA-5
AN/APA-6
AN/APA-7
AN/APA-8
AN/APA-9
AN/APA-10
AN/APA-11
AN/APA-12
AN/APA-13
AN/APA-14
AN/APA-15
AN/APA-16
AN/APA-17
AN/APA-19
AN/APA-21
AN/APA-23
AN/APA-24
AN/APA-25
AN/APA-26
AN/APA-27
AN/APA-28
AN/APA-29
AN/APA-33
AN/APA-35
AN/APA-36
AN/APA-38
AN/APA-39
AN/APA-40
AN/APA-42
AN/APA-43

Description
Indicator Unit (Remote Repeater Scope) used with US Navy ASB radar
Radar Antenna Equipment
Radar Antenna Equipment
Radar Alarm Unit
Auxiliary Electronic Bombsight Equipment; used in P-2
Panoramic Radio Receiving Set; used with AN/APR-9 and AN/APR-14
Movie-Camera Photo Set
Video Amplifier; used with AN/APS-2
ECM Equipment; used in P2V-5
Panoramic Radio Receiving Set; used with AN/SPR-2
Panoramic Radio Receiving Set (Pulse Analyzer); used in B-52 EW pod, RC121C, P2V-5, PBM-5S used with AN/APR-9 and AN/APR-14;
Sector Scan Antenna Adapter; used with AN/APS-2
Component of AN/APS-15
Component of AN/APS-15
Elevation Stabilizer; used with AN/APS-15
Auxiliary Electronic Bombsight Equipment used in PBY-6A
250-1000 MHz Broadband Direction Finding Radar (used with searchreceivers); manufactured by Hoffman Radio Corp., Aviola
Bombing Aid
Radar Bombing Compensating Unit
Automatic Tape Recorder; manufactured by Gamewell; used with AN/APR1/2/4/5/6
50-280 MHz Direction Finding Radar (used with search receivers);
manufactured by Heyer Products used in P4M-1Q
Radar Direction Finding Antenna Unit
S-Band Attenuator
Automatic Search & Jam Tuning Adapter
Multiple Indicator Equipment (6 displays); used with AN/APQ-13
Bombing Altitude Control Unit
Multiple Indicator Equipment (4 displays); used with AN/APQ-7
Radar Signal Recording Camera Unit
Remote Repeater Scope (modified AN/APA-1); used with AN/APQ-13
Panoramic Radio Receiving Set; used in PBM-5S
Radar Identification Unit
Bombing/Navigation System used with AN/APS-15; used in B-17
Bombing/Navigation System; used with AN/APS-23; used in XB-48 (seeAN/APA-59)
Airborne Searchlight Control

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AN/APA-44
AN/APA-45
AN/APA-48
AN/APA-49
AN/APA-50
AN/APA-51
AN/APA-52
AN/APA-54
AN/APA-55
AN/APA-56
AN/APA-57
AN/APA-58
AN/APA-59
AN/APA-60
AN/APA-61
AN/APA-62
AN/APA-63
AN/APA-64
AN/APA-66
AN/APA-69
AN/APA-70
AN/APA-72
AN/APA-74
AN/APA-80
AN/APA-81
AN/APA-82
AN/APA-84
AN/APA-85
AN/APA-89
AN/APA-90
AN/APA-91
AN/APA-92
AN/APA-94
AN/APA-95
AN/APA-106
AN/APA-109
AN/APA-113
AN/APA-122

Ground Position Indicator System; manufactured by Bell Telephone Lab; usedwith AN/ASB-3 and AN/APS-23/27/31
used in B-45 (together with
AN/APS-23 to form AN/APQ-24), RB-66
Radar Antenna Tilt Stabilizer Unit
Radar Homing Equipment, 140-300 MHz; manufactured by RRL
Radar Bombing Ground Position Indicator
Low Altitude Rocket Bombing Unit
Radar Indicator Unit
X-Band TACAN Doppler Navaid; used in F-8, SB-29
Radar Recorder Group (SHORAN); used in B-57
Radar Adapter Unit
Radar Display Console; used with AN/APS-45/95; used in EC-121
Ground Position Indicator Group; used in AF-2W, P-2, S-2; replaced by
AN/ASA-13
Ground Position Computer
Bombing/Navigation Computer "SRC-1"; manufactured by Sperry; used in B36, XB-48
Autopilot
Radar Bombing Navigational Computer
Panoramic Receiver
Autopilot
Radar Signal Analyzer used in P2V-4
Radar Monitor
Direction Finding Radar Set; used in RB-57D, A-1, C-47, P-2, P-5, S-2, RC121C, Z-1, ZPK
Direction Finder Group; used with AN/APR-9; used in AF-2W, P-2, S-2,
TBM-3S
Signal Analyzer; used in E-2
Pulse Analyzer Group; manufactured by Loral; used in EB-66, A-3, EC-47, P2, P-5, Z-1, ZPK; replaced AN/APA-11
Control & Guidance Monitoring Group; used in AUM-N-2, HSL-1, P-2, P-5,
S-2
Ground Position Indicator Group; used with AN/APS-20; used in AF-2W, EC121
Direction Finder Group; used in B-52, C-130, C-133, C-135
Radar Intercept Targeting Computer; used with APG-37; used in F-86D/K
Control-Indicator Group; used with AN/APS-42 used in R6D-1
Coder Group; used in A-3, UH-1E
Indicator Group; used with AN/APW-11; used in B-57, B-66
used with AN/APS-33
ECM SetSignal Analyzer
Doppler Navigation Computer
Bomb Damage Evaluation Group; used with AN/APQ-24; used in B-50D
Radar Control; manufactured by Westinghouseused with AN/APS-62
Radar Set

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

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AN/APA-125
AN/APA-126
AN/APA-127
AN/APA-128
AN/APA-138
AN/APA-141
AN/APA-143
AN/APA-144
AN/APA-150
AN/APA-153
AN/APA-157
AN/APA-159
AN/APA-160
AN/APA-161
AN/APA-162
AN/APA-164
AN/APA-165
AN/APA-167
AN/APA-170
AN/APA-171
AN/APA-172
AN/APA-173

Radar Display; used with AN/APS-80/82, AN/ASA-47; used in P-2H, P-3A,
P-5, E-1
Doppler Equipment; used in A-7
Sparrow Missile Fire Control System; manufactured by Raytheon; used in F-3,
F-4B/C
Sparrow Missile Radar Set Group; manufactured by Raytheon; used with
AN/AWG-7; used in XF8U-3, F-4
Radar Display; used with AN/AWG-7; used in XF8U-3
Radar Set; used in B-52G/H
Rotodome Antenna Group; manufactured by Dalmo Victor; used with
AN/APS-96; used in E-2A/B
Signal Analyzer Group; used in EA-1F, EC-121M, P-3A
Station Keeping System; used in SH-34J
Cable Breakout Adapter Set; manufactured by AC Spark Plug; used with
AN/APS-104
Continuous Wave Illuminator (for AIM-7 targeting); manufactured byRaytheon; used in F-4B/C
Radar Set Group; manufactured by Hazeltine; used in EC-121D/H
Test Adapter; manufactured by Sperry; used with AN/APN-42
Station Keeping System used in ASW helicopters
Map Matcher
Rotodome; used with AN/APS-111; used in E-2A/B
Intercept Computer (for AIM-9 firing); manufactured by Raytheon; used with
AN/APQ-109 used in F-4D
used with AN/APG-53
Radar Set
Rotodome Antenna Group; used with AN/APS-120, AN/APX-76; used in E2C
Control Indicator Group; used with AN/APS-120, AN/APX-76; used in E-2C
Test Bench

AN/APB - Airborne Bombing Radars
Model Number
AN/APB-1
AN/APB-2

Description
Radar Beacon
Bombing Radar; used in B-58

AN/APD - Airborne Direction Finding and Surveillance Radars
Model Number
AN/APD-1
AN/APD-2
AN/APD-4
AN/APD-5
AN/APD-7
AN/APD-8

Description
Homing Radar; used in TBF/TBM
Radar Direction Finding Set; used with AN/APR-1 and AN/APA-48
D/E/F-Bamd Radar Direction Finding System; manufactured by ITT; used in
RB-47H, B-52, EB-66C
Reconnaissance Radar
Radar Surveillance System; manufactured by Westinghouse; used in OV-1D,
RA-5C
Side-Looking Reconnaissance Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse;

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AN/APD-9
AN/APD-10
AN/APD-11
AN/APD-12
AN/APD-13
AN/APD-14
AN/APD-501

proposed for RF-111A
Radar Set
Side-Looking Reconnaissance and Mapping Radar; used in F-4, RF-4B/C, CP140;
special tests in NC-141, C-130
Side-Looking Radar Reconnaissance Set; part of AN/UPD-6; used in RF-4E
I/J-band Side-Looking Reconnaissance System; manufactured by Lockheed
Martin;part of AN/UPD-8 and AN/UPD-9; used in Israeli RF-4B
QUICK LOOK Electronic Intelligence Subsystem; manufactured by Systems& Electronics; used in "Guardrail" RC-12
SAROS (SAR for Open Skies) Radar System; manufactured by Sandia; part of
AN/UPD-8; used in OC-135
Maritime Patrol Radar; used in Lancaster (Canada)

AN/APG - Airborne Fire Control Radars
Model Number
AN/APG-1
AN/APG-2
AN/APG-3
AN/APG-4
AN/APG-5
AN/APG-6
AN/APG-7
AN/APG-8
AN/APG-9
AN/APG-10
AN/APG-11
AN/APG-12
AN/APG-13
AN/APG-14
AN/APG-15
AN/APG-16
AN/APG-17
AN/APG-18
AN/APG-19
AN/APG-20
AN/APG-21
AN/APG-22
AN/APG-23

Description
S-Band Intercept Radar used in P-61B
S-Band Intercept & Gun Laying Radar used in P-61
Tail Gun Laying Radar; manufactured by General Electric used in B-29 and
B-36B
L-Band Low Altitude Torpedo Release Radar "Sniffer" used in TBM
S-Band Gun Laying/Range-Finding Radar used in B-17, B-24 and F-86A(AN/APG-5C)
L-Band Low Altitude Bomb Release Radar "Super Sniffer" (improved
AN/APG-4)
Glide Bomb Control Radar "SRB" (Seeking Radar Bomb)
S-Band Turret Fire Control Radar used in B-29B
L-Band Low Altitude Bomb Release Radar (improved AN/APG-6)
Weapons System Radar
L-Band Toss Bombing Radar
L-Band Low Altitude Bomb Release Radar (improved AN/APG-9)
S-Band Nose Gun Laying Radar "Falcon"; manufactured by General Electricused with 75mm nose gun of B-25H
S-Band Gun Sight Radar used in B-29
S-Band Tail Gun Radar used in B-29B, PB4Y
X-Band Gun Laying Radar (modification of AN/APG-2) used in B-32, XB-48
S-Band Low Altitude Bomb Release Radar (improved AN/APG-4)
X-Band Turret Control Radar (improved AN/APG-5); manufactured byMartin used with "S-4" gunfightX-Band Fire Control Radar; manufactured by Martin (improved AN/APG-8
and -18)
S-Band Low Altitude Bomb Release Radar (improved AN/APG-6)
Ground-Ranging Radar
X-Band Gun Sight Radar; manufactured by Raytheon used with Mk.18/23
Lead-Computing Gun Sights
Weapons System Radar used in B-36A

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

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AN/APG-24
AN/APG-25
AN/APG-26
AN/APG-27
AN/APG-28
AN/APG-29
AN/APG-30
AN/APG-31
AN/APG-32
AN/APG-33
AN/APG-34
AN/APG-35
AN/APG-36
AN/APG-37
AN/APG-39
AN/APG-40
AN/APG-41
AN/APG-43
AN/APG-45
AN/APG-46
AN/APG-48
AN/APG-50
AN/APG-51
AN/APG-53
AN/APG-55
AN/APG-56
AN/APG-57
AN/APG-59
AN/APG-60
AN/APG-61
AN/APG-63
AN/APG-64
AN/APG-65
AN/APG-66

Weapons System Radar used in B-36B
X-Band Gun Tracking Radar used in F-100
Weapons System Tracking Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse used in
F3D
Tail Gun Radar used in XB-46 and XB-48
Intercept Radar (modified AN/APG-1) used in F-82F
Night/All-Weather Fighter Fire-Control Radar (for Type D-1 Fire-Control
System)X-Band Fire Control Radar; manufactured by Sperry used in B-45, B-57, F4E, F-8A, F-84E, F-86A (final blocks only), F-86E/F, F-100, FJ-2, F2H-2
Gun Laying Radar; manufactured by Raytheon used in B-57
X-Band Tail Turret Autotrack Radar; manufactured by General Electric usedin B-36D/F, B-47E
X-Band Fire Control Radar; manufactured by Hughes used in TB-25K, F94A/B, F-89A
Computing Radar Gunfight used in F-104C
Radar used in F3D
Search Radar used in F2H-2N, F-86D (replaced by AN/APG-37)
Search Radar; manufactured by Hughes used in F-86D/K/L, F2H-4
Gun Laying Radar used in B-47E
Fire Control Radar; manufactured by Hughes used in TB-25M, F-94C, F-89D,
CF-100 (Canada)
Tail Gun Radar (twin radomes); manufactured by General Electric used in B36H
Continuous Wave Interception Radar; manufactured by Raytheon
Fire-Control Radar (miniaturized AN/APG-30); manufactured by General
Electric; intended for patrol aircraft gun turrets
Fire-Control Radar; tested in A-6A
Airborne Fire-Control System Mk.22
Intercept Radar used in F-4
Intercept Radar; manufactured by Hughes used in F3H-2, F3D
Weapons System Radar; manufactured by Stewart-Warner used in A-4
Pulse Doppler Intercept Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse
Fire Control Radar (similar to AN/APG-30) used in F-86 (only Australianmodels with A-4 gun sight)
Fire-Control Radar; manufactured by Gould
Pulse-Doppler Gunnery Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse; part of
AN/AWG-10 used in F-4J
Doppler Radar; part of AN/AWG-11 used in F-4K
Fire-Control Radar; part of AN/AWG-12 used in F-4M
Pulse Doppler X-Band Fire Control Radar (AN/APG-63(V)2 is an AESA
variant); manufactured by Raytheon (Hughes) used in F-15A/B/C/D/H/K
Fire-Control Radar (development of AN/APG-63); not produced
Pulse Doppler X-Band Multi-Mode Radar; manufactured by Raytheon(Hughes) used in F/A-18A/B, F-4 ICE/Peace Ikarus 2000, AV-8B+(upgraded)
Pulse Doppler X-Band Multi-Mode Radar; manufactured by Northrop
Grumman (Westinghouse) used in F-16A/B, F-4EJ (Japan), Hawk 200 (UK)

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AN/APG-67
AN/APG-68
AN/APG-69
AN/APG-70
AN/APG-71
AN/APG-73
AN/APG-74
AN/APG-76
AN/APG-77
AN/APG-78
AN/APG-79
AN/APG-80
AN/APG-81
AN/APG-501
AN/APG-T1

Pulse Doppler X-Band Multi-Mode Radar; manufactured by Lockheed Martin(General Electric) (Model G-200) used in F-20, A-50 (Korea), F-5-2000(Taiwan), Ching Kuo (Taiwan)
Pulse Doppler X-Band Multi-Mode Radar (improved AN/APG-66);
manufactured by Northrop Grumman (Westinghouse) used in F-16C/D30/40/50
Radar Set; manufactured by Emerson used in F-5E, AV-8?
Pulse Doppler X-Band Multi-Mode Radar (upgrade of AN/APG-63);
manufactured by Raytheon (Hughes) used in F-15C/D/E
Pulse Doppler X-Band Multi-Mode Radar; manufactured by Raytheon(Hughes) used in F-14D
Pulse Doppler X-Band Multi-Mode Radar (upgrade of AN/APG-65);
manufactured by Raytheon (Hughes) used in F/A-18C/D/E/F
Pod-mounted Radar System; manufactured by Northrop Grumman (Norden)
Pulse Doppler Ku-Band Multi-Mode Radar; manufactured by Northrop
Grumman (Norden) used in F-4E (Israel); tested in pod with F-16, S-3B
Pulse Doppler X-Band AESA (Active Electronically Scanned Array) MultiMode Radar; manufactured by Northrop Grumman/Raytheon used in F/A-22A
Fire Control Radar "Longbow"; manufactured by Northrop Grumman &Lockheed Martin used on mast in AH-64D, RAH-66, underwing on AH-1W/Z
AESA (Active Electronically Scanned Array) Multi-Mode Radar (based on
AN/APG-73); manufactured by Raytheon used in F/A-18E/F/G as
replacement for AN/APG-73"Agile Beam Radar" AESA (Active Electronically Scanned Array) MultiMode Radar (based on AN/APG-68); manufactured by Northrop Grumman;
intended for F-16E/F
AESA (Active Electronically Scanned Array) Radar planned for F-35
X-Band Ranging Radar used in F-86
Radar Training Set for AN/APG-1

AN/APN - Airborne Navigation Radars
Model Number
AN/APN-1
AN/APN-2
AN/APN-3
AN/APN-4
AN/APN-5
AN/APN-6
AN/APN-7
AN/APN-8
AN/APN-9
AN/APN-10
AN/APN-11

Description
Radio Altimeter (improved AN/ARN-1) used in P-61, C-119, B-32, C-121, H19, P-5, AF-2W, AD-5, F2H-2/2N/2P, F3D, F6F-5N, F9F, XF10F-1, P2V-4,
PB4Y-2, PBM-5S, PBY-6A, R5C-1, R5D-2, R6D-1, SB2C-5, TBM-3S"Rebecca" Radio Beacon used with AN/PPN-1, AN/TPN-2
SHORAN used with AN/CPN-2 used in B-45A
LORAN; manufactured by Philco used in B-29, B-32, C-47, C-54, C-117, C121, P2V-4, PBM-5S, PBY-6A, PB4Y-2, R4Q-1, R6D-1
Radar Beacon Navigation Aid used in F-86
S-Band Beacon used with AN/PPN-10, AN/PPN-11
LORAN S-Band Beacon used with AN/APS-2
Radar Beacon
LORAN; manufactured by RCA used in B-29, B-32, RC-121, C-97 replaced
AN/APN-4"Rebecca" Interrogation Set
X-Band Beacon used with AN/APS-3/4/6/10/15/31/33 used in B-47, KC-97,
XS-1

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AN/APN-12
AN/APN-13
AN/APN-14
AN/APN-15
AN/APN-16
AN/APN-18
AN/APN-19
AN/APN-20
AN/APN-21
AN/APN-22
AN/APN-23
AN/APN-24
AN/APN-25
AN/APN-26
AN/APN-29
AN/APN-30
AN/APN-33
AN/APN-34
AN/APN-35
AN/APN-36
AN/APN-37
AN/APN-38
AN/APN-39
AN/APN-40
AN/APN-41
AN/APN-42
AN/APN-45
AN/APN-46
AN/APN-47
AN/APN-48
AN/APN-49
AN/APN-50
AN/APN-52
AN/APN-54
AN/APN-55
AN/APN-56
AN/APN-57
AN/APN-58
AN/APN-59
AN/APN-60
AN/APN-61
AN/APN-63
AN/APN-66

Rendezvous Radar (or 160-230 MHz "Rebecca" Interrogator) used in B-47,
C-97
S-Band Beacon (improved AN/APN-7)
Navigation Aid
Low Level Altimeter Set; manufactured by Sperry used in B-52, CH-3C
Radar Beacon
Radar Beacon"Rosebud" S-Band Beacon used in F-82D
Radar Beacon
Radar Beacon
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Electronic Assistance Corp used in A-3, B66, C-119, RC-121, C-130, RF-101C, OV-1, AD-5, P2V-5, R6D-1
Active Seeker used in KAY-1(XSAM-N-4)
Navigation Set
Doppler Navigator; manufactured by GPI
SG-Band (VHF) Beacon
SG-Band (VHF) Beacon
Radar Beacon
S-Band Beacon; replaced AN/APN-7 used in XSSM-N-8
Distance Measuring Radar used in C-97C, R6D-1
Radar Beacon
Radar Beacon
Radar Beacon
Radar Beacon
Radar Beacon
Radar Beacon
Missile Beacon for LTV-N-2 replaced AN/APN-33
Radar Altimeter used in WC-130, WB-47E, B-52
Tracking Radar Beacon used in DC-130A
Radar Beacon
Radar Beacon
Radar Beacon
Radar Beacon
Navigation Radar; manufactured by Sperry
Radar Set
Radar Beacon
Radar Beacon (for missiles)
Navigation Radar; manufactured by Gould
Ground Position Indicator
Navigation Radar; manufactured by Sperry
Search & Weather Radar; manufactured by Sperry used in C-130, C-135, B57, C-133, C-141, KC-97
S-Band Beacon used in B-52
Radar Beacon used in XF-85
S-Band (Receive)/L-Band (Transmit) Beacon; manufactured by Melpar
Doppler Navigation Radar used in SM-62, B-47

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AN/APN-67
AN/APN-68
AN/APN-69
AN/APN-70
AN/APN-71
AN/APN-75
AN/APN-76
AN/APN-77
AN/APN-78
AN/APN-79
AN/APN-81
AN/APN-82
AN/APN-84
AN/APN-85
AN/APN-89
AN/APN-90
AN/APN-91
AN/APN-92
AN/APN-96
AN/APN-97
AN/APN-99
AN/APN-100
AN/APN-101
AN/APN-102
AN/APN-103
AN/APN-105
AN/APN-107
AN/APN-108
AN/APN-109
AN/APN-110
AN/APN-113
AN/APN-114
AN/APN-115
AN/APN-116
AN/APN-117
AN/APN-118
AN/APN-119

Doppler Set used in P6M-1, NC-121 "Project Magnet", USN helicopters;
tested in P-2
IFF Beacon used with AN/APX-6
X-Band Rendezvous Beacon used in B-47, B-52, C-97, RB-57D, KC-135 usedwith AN/APN-59
LORAN; manufactured by Dayton Aviation Radio & Equip Corp used in B50, C-54, C-119, C-121, RC-121D, C-130, C-135, P-2, P-3A, T-29C/D, Z-1,
R6D-1
Flare-Out Unit
Rendezvous Radar used in B-47
Rendezvous Radar; manufactured by Olympic used in KC-97, B-47B/E
Doppler Set used in SZ-1B, USN helicopters
Doppler Set used in helicopters
Doppler Set manufactured by Teledyne Ryan used in helicopters
Doppler Set used in RB/WB-66, WB-50, C-130, KC-135
Doppler Navigation Radar (combination of AN/APN-81 and AN/ASN-6) usedin EB/RB/WB-66, KC-135
SHORAN Set; manufactured by Hazeltine used in RC-130A
Navigation Radar; manufactured by Hazeltine
Doppler Set; part of AN/ASQ-38 used in B-52E/G/H
Doppler Set
Tracking Beacon used in BQM-34C
Navigation Radar
Doppler Set
Doppler Set; manufactured by Ryan used in UH-2A, SH-3, SH-34J
Doppler Navigation Set (combination of AN/APN-81 and AN/ASN-7) used in
B-52, AC-130A, KC-135
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Litton used in CH-47A
Airborne Radar used in RF-4C, F-4E (possible confusion with AN/ARN-101)
Doppler Set; manufactured by GPI used in RB-47, WB-47E, RB-57F, WB57F, F-100C/F, RF-101
Navigational Computer System
All-Weather Doppler Navigation System; manufactured by LFE used in F105B/D, T-39B
Navigation Radar used in RB-57D
Doppler Set (derivative of AN/APN-89 with gyro components from AN/APN81) used in B-52E
Altimeter; manufactured by Honeywell
Doppler Navigation Set used in B-58, F-100D/F, RF-101
Doppler Radar; part of AN/ASQ-42 used in B-58
Automatic Landing System used with AN/GSN-5; tested in TF-102
Navigation Radar; manufactured by General Electric
Doppler Set
Low-Level Radar Altimeter (in combination with AN/APN-22); manufactured
by Electronic Assistance Corp used in A-6A, P-2, S-2, SH-3A, H-13H, CH47A, HH-52, CH-53A
Doppler Navigation Set
Doppler Set

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AN/APN-120
AN/APN-122
AN/APN-126
AN/APN-127
AN/APN-128
AN/APN-129
AN/APN-130
AN/APN-131
AN/APN-132
AN/APN-133
AN/APN-134
AN/APN-135
AN/APN-136
AN/APN-140
AN/APN-141
AN/APN-142
AN/APN-144
AN/APN-145
AN/APN-146
AN/APN-147
AN/APN-148
AN/APN-149
AN/APN-150
AN/APN-151
AN/APN-152
AN/APN-153
AN/APN-154
AN/APN-155
AN/APN-157
AN/APN-158
AN/APN-159
AN/APN-161
AN/APN-162
AN/APN-163
AN/APN-165
AN/APN-167

Radar Altimeter; planned for A-5, A-6A, but not produced
Doppler Navigation Set used in S-2, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-6, RA-5C, C-47, C-54,
EC-121, E-2, TF-8, P-2, P-3, P-5
Doppler Set
Collision Warning System
Navigation Radar; manufactured by Teledyne used in C-130
Doppler Navigation System; manufactured by Teledyne used in OV-1A/B
Doppler Radar; manufactured by Teledyne Ryan used in UH-2, SH-3, SH-34J,
CH-53D, Z-1
Doppler Navigation Radar used in F-105, T-39B, TF-8A
X-Band Beacon; manufactured by Motorola used in BQM-34A, QF-9G
High-Altitude Radar Altimeter (upgraded SCR-728) used in C-130, C-135
Ku-Band Beacon; manufactured by Bendix used in KC-135
X-Band Beacon (for in-flight refueling); manufactured by Bendix used in B58
Ku-Band Beacon (for in-flight refueling); manufactured by Bendix used in B58
Radar Altimeter
Low Altitude Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Bendix used in A/TA-4, A-6,
A-7, C-2, C-130, C-141, E-2C, F-4, F-8, F-104, F-105, P-3, S-2, T-39, SH-3
Navigation Radar used in F-4C
Doppler Navigation Radar used in EC-121, VC-137
LORAN C Set used in RC-135D
Radar Altimeter
Doppler Navigation System; manufactured by Canadian Marconi used in AC119, C-124C, C-130, WC-130B/E, RC-135A, WC-135B, C-135F, C-141
Doppler Navigation Radar used in F-105D/F
Terrain Avoidance Radar used in TF-8
Radar Altimeter used in CH-3C, B-52, C-130, EC-130E, C-135
LORAN C Receiver; manufactured by ITT used in RC-135B, C-141A, H-3
LORAN C Receiver
Doppler Navigation Radar used in A-6, A-4, EA-6A/B, A-7, C-130G, E-2, P3A, S-2E
X-Band Beacon Augmenter (Tracking Beacon); manufactured by Motorola
used with AN/TPB-1, AN/TPQ-10 used in A-4, A-7, F-14, A-6, AH-1T, H-46,
CH-53
Low Altitude Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Stewart-Warner used in F-4
LORAN C Receiver; manufactured by ITT used in C-130, RC-135B, C-141,
P-3C, EP-3E
Weather Radar; manufactured by Collins used in HC-123B, U-8F, U-21A,
CV-2
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Stewart-Warner used in RF-4
High-Resolution Mapping Radar; manufactured by Sperry used in C-130
manufactured by Canadian Marconi
Doppler Navigation System
Terrain-Following/Ground-Mapping Radar; manufactured by Texas
Instruments used in OV-1
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Honeywell used in F/FB-111A

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AN/APN-168
AN/APN-169
AN/APN-170
AN/APN-171
AN/APN-172
AN/APN-174
AN/APN-175
AN/APN-176
AN/APN-177
AN/APN-178
AN/APN-179
AN/APN-180
AN/APN-181
AN/APN-182
AN/APN-184
AN/APN-185
AN/APN-186
AN/APN-187
AN/APN-189
AN/APN-190
AN/APN-191
AN/APN-192
AN/APN-193
AN/APN-194

AN/APN-195
AN/APN-196
AN/APN-197
AN/APN-198
AN/APN-199
AN/APN-200
AN/APN-201
AN/APN-202

Doppler Radar; manufactured by Canadian Marconi used with AN/AYA-3
used in CH-53A, OV-1
Station-Keeping Radar; manufactured by Sierra Research used in C-130, C141
Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by General Dynamics; tested in A-4C,
B-52, B-58
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Honeywell used in C-130, E-2C, SH-2F,
SH-3H, OH-6A, CH-46, CH-53
Doppler Set; manufactured by Marconi used with AN/ASN-73 used in HH53C, CH-53G
Station-Keeping Subsystem; manufactured by Teledyne used in CH-46, CH53
Doppler Radar used in C-130, CH-3B, HH-3E, MH-53
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Texas Instruments used in FB-111A
Doppler Altimeter
Navigation Radar; manufactured by Sierra used in C-130
Doppler Navigation Radar; manufactured by Bendix used in EC-47
LORAN A Automatic Tracking Receiver used with AN/AYN-1 used in HH3F
LORAN C/D Receiver
Doppler Radar Navigation System; manufactured by Ryan used with
AN/AYK-2 used in SH-3H, CH-46, HH-46A/D, SH-2D, UH-2C, RH-53
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Bendix used in C-130, Hawker P-1127(UK)
Doppler Navigation Radar; manufactured by Singer-Kearfott used in FB111A, A-7D, B-1A
Doppler System; tested in A-6 ILAAS (AN/ASQ-116)
Doppler Navigation Radar; manufactured by Singer-Kearfott used in P-3
Doppler Navigation Radar; manufactured by Marconi used in F-111D
Doppler Radar; manufactured by Singer-Kearfott used in A-7, AC-130E, F111
Radar Altimeter used in A-7D
Short-Pulse Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Teledyne used in CH-47
Doppler Velocity Sensor; manufactured by Ryan
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Honeywell used in F-14, A-6E, AH-1W,
HH-60H, EA-6B, AV-8B, C-2A, P-3C, EP-3E, F/A-18, SH-60B/F, T-45A,
TA-4J, TC-130G, S-3, A-4, A-7, A-10, B-1, TC-4C, QF-4, BQM-8D/F,
MQM-8G, BQM-34S, AQM-34U, RGM/UGM-109B
Nose-Mounted Radar; manufactured by Collins used in SH-3D, HH-3E
Doppler Radar used in F-105
STATE Airborne Station; manufactured by Honeywell used with AN/TPN-21,
AN/UPN-33; tested in C-123, C-131, T-39, CH-3
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Honeywell used in F-104G, AV-8, Sea
King (UK), Lynx (UK)LORAN Receiver; manufactured by Collins used in C-5A
Doppler Velocity Sensor; manufactured by Teledyne used in B-1, E-3, S-3
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Hoffman Electronics used in S-3
Radar Beacon; manufactured by Motorola used with AN/SPN-46 ACLS
(Automatic Carrier Landing System) used in AV-8B, F/A-18, S-3, C-2, P-3C

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AN/APN-203
AN/APN-205
AN/APN-206
AN/APN-208
AN/APN-209
AN/APN-210
AN/APN-211
AN/APN-213
AN/APN-214
AN/APN-215
AN/APN-217
AN/APN-218
AN/APN-220
AN/APN-221
AN/APN-222
AN/APN-224
AN/APN-227
AN/APN-230
AN/APN-231
AN/APN-232
AN/APN-233
AN/APN-234
AN/APN-235
AN/APN-236
AN/APN-237
AN/APN-238
AN/APN-239
AN/APN-240
AN/APN-241
AN/APN-242
AN/APN-243

Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Stewart-Warner used in T-43A
Doppler Radar; manufactured by Teledyne used in SH-2, SH-60B
Doppler Set used in B-1A
Doppler Navigation Radar; manufactured by Marconi used in HH-53H, Bell412
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Honeywell/Stewart-Warner used in AH-1F,
UH-1V, CH-47D, OH-58C/D, H-60, T-43A
Doppler Set; manufactured by Singer used in CH-53G
Navigation Radar; manufactured by Teledyne-Ryan used in helicopters
Doppler Velocity Sensor; manufactured by Litton (Teledyne-Ryan) used in E3; tested in KC-135
Radar Altimeter
Weather & Search Radar; manufactured by Bendix/King used in RU-38A, U21, C-130
Doppler Radar Navigation Sensor; manufactured by Litton (Teledyne-Ryan)used in AH-1W, UH-1N, SH-2G, SH-3D, HH-3F, CH-46, CH-53E, MH-53E,
RH-53D, HH-60H/J, SH-60B/F/J, V-22
Doppler Radar Navigation System; manufactured by Litton (Teledyne-Ryan)used in B-1B, B-52G/H, KC-135, C-130, F-111G
Doppler Radar; manufactured by Teledyne-Ryan
Doppler Radar (derived from AN/APN-208); manufactured by Marconi usedin C-141, HH-53H, MH-53J
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Honeywell used in C-130, E-6A
Radar Altimeter; manufactured by Honeywell used in B-52G/H, B-1B
Doppler Radar used in P-3C
Doppler Navigation Radar (improved AN/APN-218) used in B-1B
Radar Navigation System; manufactured by Teledyne-Ryan used in EA-6A
CARA (Combined Altitude Radar Altimeter); manufactured by Gould used in
C-5, C-17, C-130, OC-135, C-141, F-16
Doppler Navigation Radar (developed from AN/APN-220); manufactured by
Teledyne-Ryan used in C-2, OV-10D, CH-47, S-2, Alpha Jet (Germany),
DHC-5
Weather and SAR Radar (Model RDR-1400C; improved AN/APN-215);
manufactured by Telephonics (originally by Bendix/King) used in P-3, C-2
Doppler Navigation Set (development of AN/APN-221) used in HH-60A
Doppler Radar System; manufactured by Teledyne
Ku-Band Terrain-Following Radar; manufactured by Texas-Instruments; partof AN/AAQ-13
Weather and SAR Radar (Model RDR-1400C, similar to AN/APN-234);
manufactured by Telephonics (originally by Bendix/King) used in HH-60G,
MH-60G
Station-Keeping System; manufactured by Sierra Research; replaced
AN/APN-169
Weather & Navigation Radar; manufactured by Northrop Grumman(Westinghouse) used in C-130H/J, C-27J, HS-748 (Australia)
Weather & Navigation Radar; manufactured by Sperry; replacement for
AN/APN-59
Station-Keeping Equipment; manufactured by Sierra Technologies used in C-

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AN/APN-244
AN/APN-245
AN/APN-501
AN/APN-503
AN/APN-509
AN/APN-510
AN/APN-511
AN/APN-512
AN/APN-513
AN/APN-T6
AN/APN-T8
AN/APN-T10

17, C-130J
E-TCAS (Enhanced Traffic Alert Collision Avoidance System); manufactured
by Honeywell (AlliedSignal) used in C-130E/H/J
Radar Beacon used with ACLS (Automatic Carrier Landing System)
AN/SPN-46 used in F/A-18
Doppler Radar used in C-141(?)
Doppler Radar used in CP-121 (Canada)
Radar Altimeter
Doppler Navigation System used in CP-140 (Canada)
Radar Altimeter
Radar Altimeter used in CC-130E/H (Canada)
Doppler Radar Navigation Set used in CH-124A (Canada)
Radar Interpretation Trainer
Doppler System Trainer used with C-5
Radar Trainer used with C-5

AN/APQ - Airborne Multipurpose/Special Radars
Model Number
AN/APQ-1
AN/APQ-2
AN/APQ-3
AN/APQ-4
AN/APQ-5
AN/APQ-7
AN/APQ-8
AN/APQ-9
AN/APQ-10
AN/APQ-11
AN/APQ-12
AN/APQ-13
AN/APQ-14
AN/APQ-15
AN/APQ-16
AN/APQ-17
AN/APQ-19
AN/APQ-20
AN/APQ-21
AN/APQ-22
AN/APQ-23

Description
Radar Jammer RT-26
450-750 MHz High Power Barrage Jamming Transmitter "Rug";
manufactured by General Motors (Delco Div.) used in PB4Y-2
S-Band Radar Receiver; later redesignated AN/APR-5
Panoramic Radar Receiver; later redesignated AN/APR-6
Low Level Radar Bombsight; manufactured by Western Electric used with
AN/APS-2/3/15 used in B-24, B-25, B-32, PBJ, PBM
X-BAND Search & Bombing Radar "Eagle Mk.1"; manufactured by WesternElectric used in B-17, B-24, B-25J, B-29, B-32
Deception Radar "Spoofer"475-585 MHz High Power Barrage Jamming Transmitter "Carpet III";
manufactured by General Motors (Delco Div.)X-Band High Altitude Bombing Radar "Eagle Mk.2"; manufactured byWestern Electric used in B-29
Torpedo Launching Radar (formerly SCR-626)
Torpedo & Bombing Radar (formerly SCR-631)
X-Band Bombing Radar "Mickey" (British equivalent is H2X); manufactured
by Western Electric used in B-29, B-32
Radar "Moth-1"
88-162 MHz Radar Spoofing Transmitter "Moonshine"; manufactured by
RRL
Radar Bombing Aid
Radar Jammer
S-Band Search & Bombing Radar
S-Band Radar Jammer; manufactured by RRL, Delmont Radio; uses
AN/APA-41, AN/APR-10, AN/APT-10
Countermeasures Set; similar to AN/SPT-7
Radar System
X-Band High Altitude Bombing Radar used in B-29

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AN/APQ-24
AN/APQ-27
AN/APQ-29
AN/APQ-31
AN/APQ-32
AN/APQ-33
AN/APQ-34
AN/APQ-35
AN/APQ-36
AN/APQ-39
AN/APQ-41
AN/APQ-43
AN/APQ-46
AN/APQ-50
AN/APQ-51
AN/APQ-54
AN/APQ-55
AN/APQ-56
AN/APQ-57
AN/APQ-58
AN/APQ-59
AN/APQ-60
AN/APQ-62
AN/APQ-63
AN/APQ-64
AN/APQ-65
AN/APQ-67
AN/APQ-68
AN/APQ-69
AN/APQ-70
AN/APQ-72
AN/APQ-73
AN/APQ-74
AN/APQ-81
AN/APQ-83
AN/APQ-84
AN/APQ-86

K-1 Radar Navigation & Bombing System used in B-36B, B-45A, B-50, B66B
Radar Jamming System; uses AN/APT-16 (2x), AN/APR-9
Radar Relay Set
Bombing & Navigation Radar
RT-119 Radar Jammer
Countermeasures Set used in AC-119K
K-Band Bombing Radar; manufactured by Western Electric
X-Band Search, Fire Control & Tail-Warning Radar (components are
AN/APS-21, AN/APS-28, AN/APG-26); manufactured by Westinghouse usedin F3D, F2H, F3H
Search & Acquisition Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse used in F3D-2M,
F7U-3M
Weather Radar(?) used in B-52D
X-Band Search & Intercept Radar (improved AN/APQ-35); manufactured byWestinghouse used in F3D-2, F2H-3
Multipurpose Radar; designated AI22 in UK used in Javelin FAW.2/6 (UK)
Radar Set; proposed for F3D-3
X-Band Fighter Interceptor Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse used in F4, F3H, F4D; planned for F12F
X-Band Missile Radar; manufactured by Sperry used in F3H, F7U
Chronograph Set (projectile velocity measuring equipment)
K-Band Side-Looking Radar used in RF-4C
Side-Looking, Real-Aperture Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse used in
RB-57D, RB-47
Millimeter-Wavelength Navigation Radar
Millimeter-Wavelength Navigation Radar
Side-Looking Airborne Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse
Missile Illumination Radar; manufactured by Raytheon
Side-Looking Radar
Radar
Radar used in F5D with AAM-N-3/AIM-7B Sparrow II missile
Interception Radar used in Aquilon 203 (French-built D.H. Vampire)
Interception Radar; manufactured by Raytheon
HIRAN used in RC-130A
Experimental SLAR Pod for B-58; manufactured by Hughes
Millimeter-Wavelength Navigation Radar
X-Band Intercept Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse used in F-4 (replaced
AN/APQ-50); tested in F3D
Side-Looking Radar; planned for RS-70
X-Band Missile Control Radar used with AN/APA-138, AN/APX-20,
AN/APN-22
Doppler Navigation Radar; manufactured by Northrop used in SM-62; planned
for F6D and tested in A-3
Fire-Control Radar; manufactured by Magnavox used in F-8D
Radar used in F-8
K-Band Side-Looking Surveillance & Mapping Radar; manufactured by Texas
Instruments used in RL-23D, RU-8D

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AN/APQ-88
AN/APQ-89
AN/APQ-92
AN/APQ-93
AN/APQ-94
AN/APQ-95
AN/APQ-96
AN/APQ-97
AN/APQ-99
AN/APQ-100
AN/APQ-101
AN/APQ-102
AN/APQ-103
AN/APQ-104
AN/APQ-105
AN/APQ-107
AN/APQ-108
AN/APQ-109
AN/APQ-110
AN/APQ-111
AN/APQ-112
AN/APQ-113
AN/APQ-114
AN/APQ-115
AN/APQ-116
AN/APQ-117
AN/APQ-118
AN/APQ-119
AN/APQ-120
AN/APQ-122
AN/APQ-123

Tracking Radar; manufactured by Naval Avionics used in A-6 (replaced by
AN/APQ-112)
Terrain Following Radar; tested in T-2
Ku-Band Search Radar; manufactured by Norden used in A-6, EA-6B, AP-2H
Synthetic-Aperture Ground-Mapping Radar
Radar Set; manufactured by Magnavox used in F-8D/E, T-39D
Collision Avoidance Radar used in helicopters
Radar Set used in OV-10A
K-Band Side-Looking Imaging Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse; tested
in OV-1A, YEA-3, DC-6
J-Band Forward-Looking Multipurpose Radar; manufactured by Texas
Instruments used in A-7A, RF-4B/C, RF-101
Search & Mapping Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse used in F-4C, RF101
Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments
Side-Looking Mapping Radar; manufactured by Goodyear used in RB-57, RF4B/C
Search Radar; manufactured by Norden used in EA-6A, A-6B
Radar Set; manufactured by Magnavox (similar to AN/APQ-94 used in F8E(FN)
Distance Integrating Set used in RC-135
Radar Altimeter Warning System used with AN/APN-117 used in CH-47A, P3A/C, EP-3E, S-2, SH-3H
Mapping Radar (SAR?); developed by Conductron used in SR-71
Fire Control & Search Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse used in F4C/D/E
Ku-Band Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments usedin RF-4C, F/FB-111
X-Band Altimeter-Recorder used with AN/ASQ-92 in KC-135
Tracking Radar; manufactured by Norden used in A-6
Ku-Band Search & Attack Radar; manufactured by General Electric used in F111, F-5E
Ku-Band Attack Radar; manufactured by General Electric used in F/FB-111A,
F-4, F-5E
Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments used in"Combat Talon" C-130E, A-7A, F-111, RF-4C
Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments used in A7A/B/C, C-130
Terrain-Following & Attack Radar (development of AN/APQ-109) used in F4D/E
Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by Norden used in MH-53H, AH-56A
Ground Mapping & Interception Radar (modified AN/APQ-113);
manufactured by General Electric used in F-111A/D
X-Band Fire Control Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse used in F4D/E/F/G
X-Band Multimode (Terrain Mapping/Target Locating/Navigation/Weather)
Radar; manufactured by Raytheon (Texas Instruments) used in MC-130E/H,
KC-135A, RC-135A/C, T-43A, C-130, E-4B
used in F-111

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39

AN/APQ-124
AN/APQ-125
AN/APQ-126
AN/APQ-127
AN/APQ-128
AN/APQ-129
AN/APQ-130
AN/APQ-131
AN/APQ-133
AN/APQ-134
AN/APQ-135
AN/APQ-136
AN/APQ-137
AN/APQ-138
AN/APQ-139
AN/APQ-140
AN/APQ-141
AN/APQ-142
AN/APQ-144
AN/APQ-145
AN/APQ-146
AN/APQ-148
AN/APQ-149
AN/APQ-150
AN/APQ-152
AN/APQ-153
AN/APQ-154
AN/APQ-155
AN/APQ-156
AN/APQ-157
AN/APQ-158

Navigation & Fire-Control Radar; manufactured by Magnavox used in F-8J
Doppler Ranging Radar; manufactured by Magnavox used in F-8J
J-Band Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by Raytheon (Texas
Instruments) used in A-7D/E, T-39D, AC-130E, CH-53
Forward Looking Radar; manufactured by Sperry-Rand used with AN/ASQ116; tested in A-6
J-Band Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by Sperry used in A-7D/E, F111C/D
Search Radar used in EA-6B
Attack Radar; manufactured by Rockwell Autonetics used in F-111D
Target Acquisition Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments used in OP-2E
X-Band Side Looking Tracking Radar; manufactured by Motorola used in
AC-119K, C-130, AC-130
Ku-Band Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments usedin F/FB-111A
Sink-Rate Radar System used in A-4, F-4, F-8, C-130, CH-47
Search Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments used in AC-119K, AC130A
Moving Target Indicator Radar; manufactured by Emerson used in AH-1G
Radar Set
Ku-Band Multi-Mode Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments used in B57G
J-Band Multi-Mode Scan Radar; manufactured by Raytheon (E-Systems);
planned for B-1A; tested in KC-135
Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by Norden used in AH-56, HH-53
Pave Low
Surveillance Radar "Quick Look I" used in RV-1C
Ku-Band Attack Radar (improved AN/APQ-113); manufactured by General
Electric used in F-111F, FB-111A
Mapping & Ranging Radar; manufactured by Stewart-Warner used in A4E/F/N/S/SU
Ku-Band Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments usedin F-111F
J-Band Navigation & Attack Radar; manufactured by Norden used in A-6E,
TC-4C
Navigation & Fire Control Radar used in F-8
Beacon Tracking Radar used in AC-130E/H
Topographical Mapping Radar; manufactured by Goodyear used in RC-130
I-Band Fire Control Radar; manufactured by System & Electronics Inc.
(Emerson Electric) used in F-5E/F
Terrain-Following Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments used in HH53C
Strategic Radar; manufactured by Northrop Grumman (Norden) used with
AN/ASQ-176 used in B-52H
J-Band Navigation & Attack Radar (improved AN/APQ-148); manufactured
by Northrop Grumman (Norden) used in A-6E, TC-4C
I-Band Fire Control Radar (modified AN/APQ-153); manufactured by System& Electronics Inc. (Emerson Electric)
used in F-5E/F
Terrain Following Radar (improved AN/APQ-126); manufactured by

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40

AN/APQ-159
AN/APQ-160
AN/APQ-161
AN/APQ-162
AN/APQ-163
AN/APQ-164
AN/APQ-165
AN/APQ-166
AN/APQ-167
AN/APQ-168
AN/APQ-169
AN/APQ-170
AN/APQ-171
AN/APQ-172
AN/APQ-173
AN/APQ-174
AN/APQ-175
AN/APQ-178
AN/APQ-179
AN/APQ-180
AN/APQ-181
AN/APQ-183
AN/APQ-186
AN/APQ-501
AN/APQ-T1
AN/APQ-T10
AN/APQ-T11
AN/APQ-T12

Raytheonused in MH-53J
I/J-Band Multipurpose Radar (improved AN/APQ-153); manufactured by
System & Electronics Inc. (Emerson Electric) used in F-5E/F
Attack Radar used in EF-111A
Attack Radar; manufactured by General Electric used in F-111F
Forward Looking Radar (development of AN/APQ-99?) used in RF-4C
Forward Looking Radar; manufactured by General Electric used in B-1
Pulse Doppler I-Band Multimode Radar; manufactured by Northrop Grumman(Westinghouse) used in B-1B
Attack Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments used in F-111C
Strategic Radar used in B-52G/H
Radar Set (development of AN/APQ-159); developed by ESCO used in T-47
Multi-Mode Radar; manufactured by Raytheon (Texas Instruments) used in
HH-60D, MH-60K; proposed for V-22
J-Band Attack Radar (upgraded AN/APQ-165); manufactured by Lockheed
Martin (General Electric) used in F-111C
Terrain Following Radar; manufactured by System & Electronics used in MC130H
Attack & Terrain Following Radar (improved AN/APQ-128/146);
manufactured by Raytheon (Texas Instruments) used in F-111C/F
J-Band Terrain Following Radar (upgraded AN/APQ-99); manufactured byRaytheon (Texas Instruments) used in RF-4C
Radar Set; manufactured by Norden; proposed for A-6F
Multi-Mode Radar; manufactured by Raytheon used in MV-22, MH-60K,
MH-47E; MH-53
X/Ku-Band Multi-Mode Radar; manufactured by Systems & Electronics Inc.
used in C-130E
used in E-2C (developmental item only?)
Control Indicator Set (Display System) used in E-2C
Pulse Doppler Attack Radar (modification of AN/APG-70); manufactured byRaytheon (Hughes) used in AC-130U
Synthetic Aperture J-Band Multi-Mode Radar; manufactured by Raytheon(Hughes) used in B-2A
Multi-Mode Radar; manufactured by Northrop Grumman (Westinghouse);
was planned for cancelled A-12A, a derivative was used in RQ-3A
Multi-Mode Radar (improved AN/APQ-174); manufactured by Raytheon usedin CV-22
Radar Altitude Warning System used in CP-140?; replaced AN/APQ-107
Trainer for Aircraft Gun Laying Radar
Bombing/Navigation Simulator used with B-52D
Bombing/Navigation Radar Trainer used with B-47, B-52, B-58
Bombing/Navigation Radar Trainer used with B-47, B-52, KC-97, KC-135

AN/APS - Airborne Search & Detection Radars
Model Number
AN/APS-1

Description
X-Band Radar (conflicting references to purpose: either Mapping/Bombing or
Tail-Warning)

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AN/APS-2
AN/APS-3
AN/APS-4
AN/APS-5
AN/APS-6
AN/APS-7
AN/APS-8
AN/APS-9
AN/APS-10
AN/APS-11
AN/APS-12
AN/APS-13
AN/APS-14
AN/APS-15
AN/APS-16
AN/APS-17
AN/APS-18
AN/APS-19
AN/APS-20

AN/APS-21
AN/APS-23
AN/APS-24
AN/APS-25
AN/APS-27
AN/APS-28
AN/APS-29
AN/APS-30
AN/APS-31
AN/APS-32
AN/APS-33
AN/APS-34

S-Band Search Radar & Beacon used with AN/APQ-5 used in PBJ-1 (if w/o
AN/APS-3), PBM-5S, PB4Y-2
X-Band Search & Bombing Radar used in PBJ-1, OA-10, PBY-6A, TBM1D/3E, P-82F
X-Band Intercept Radar; manufactured by Western Electric used in C-47, C117, P-38J, P-82D/F/H, AD, XBT2C-1, F4U-4E, F6F-3E/5E, SB2C-5, SBF4E, TBF-3, TBM-3S; tested in JRB; British designation is AI Mk XVIntercept Radar (development of AN/APS-4); manufactured by WesternElectric used in F4U-4N
Intercept Radar (development of US Navy AIA radar); manufactured by
Sperry used in P-38M, F2H-2N, F-82D, F6F-3N/5N, F7F-4N, F8F-1N/2N,
F4U-4N/5N; tested in SNB-1
Search Radar (or Tail-Warning Radar?); manufactured by Westinghouse
Conflicting data! I have references for: ASW Search Radar used in P-2E
wingtip pod; and Tracking Radar for KDB-1(MQM-39 used in AJ-2P
Search Radar used in FR-1N
X-Band Search Radar
Tail Warning Radar
Fire Control Radar
Tail Warning Radar used in P-38L, P-47D, P-51, P-61, P-63, P-82D, PBJ
Gun Laying Radar used in B-17, B-24
X-Band Bombing & Navigation Radar "Mickey" (equivalent to British"H2S"); manufactured by Philco used in B-29, PBM-3C/5/5E, B-17, B-24,
PB4Y-2, PV-2, PBM-5S
L-Band Bomber Tail Warning Radar
S-Band Bomber Tail Warning Radar
Early Warning Radar (another source has this as Drone Radar used with
AN/ARR-9)
X-Band Search & Intercept Radar; manufactured by Sperry used in AD4N/5/6, F2H-2N, F4U-5N, F7F-4N, F8F-1N
S-Band Search & Early-Warning Radar; manufactured by Hazeltine/General
Electric used with AN/ARW-35 and AN/ART-28 used in TBM-3W, WV-2,
PB-1W, ZPG-2W(EZ-1), AF-2W, HR2S-1W, P-2, WB-29, RC-121C, Gannet(UK), Shackleton (UK)
Search Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse; part of AN/APQ-35 used in
F3D, Meteor NF (UK)
Search Radar; manufactured by Western Electric; part of AN/ASB-3 used in
B-36, B-45C, B-47E, XB-48, B-50, B-52, C-130, C-135
Radar Set used with System 416L
Search Radar used in XF10F-1
Search Radar used in B-52, RB-66, C-130, C-135
Search Radar used in F3D
Search Radar
Search Radar used in AF-2S
Search Radar; manufactured by Westinghouse used in P5M, PBM-3, A-1, P-2,
U-16, AF-2S
Search Radar used in TBM-3
X-Band Search Radar used in S-2F, P4M, P2V-6, ZPG-1W, ZPK
Search Radar (similar to AN/APS-33)

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AN/APS-35
AN/APS-37
AN/APS-38
AN/APS-42
AN/APS-44
AN/APS-45
AN/APS-46
AN/APS-48
AN/APS-49
AN/APS-50
AN/APS-54
AN/APS-57
AN/APS-59
AN/APS-60
AN/APS-61
AN/APS-62
AN/APS-63
AN/APS-64
AN/APS-67
AN/APS-69
AN/APS-70
AN/APS-73
AN/APS-75
AN/APS-76
AN/APS-80
AN/APS-81
AN/APS-82
AN/APS-84
AN/APS-85
AN/APS-87
AN/APS-88
AN/APS-91
AN/APS-92
AN/APS-94
AN/APS-95
AN/APS-96

Search & IFF Radar; manufactured by Philco?
Search Radar
Search Radar used in S-2
Weather Radar; manufactured by Bendix used in C-54, C-97, C-118, C-119,
C-121, C-124, C-130, C-131
Search Radar used in PB4Y-2, P-5
Height-Finding Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments used in WV-2(EC121)Interception Radar used in F2H-2N
Unattended Radar
Rapid Scan Search Radar; manufactured by Hazeltine used for ASW
Search Radar; planned for F11F-1, but not used
Tail-Warning Radar System; manufactured by ITT used in B-47B/E, B-52, B57, EB-66B, F-101A/C, F-105D, "EF-101B" (Canada)
X-Band Search & Intercept Radar; manufactured by Western Electric used in
Venom NF.3 (UK; designated AI Mk 21)
Search Radar used in CP-109 (Canada)
High-Altitude Mapping Radar used in NRB-57A
Monopulse Radar
Height-Finding Radar used in ZPG-2W/3W
Radar Set used in B-66, T-29, F-4C (tests?)
Search Radar used in WB-47E, B-52, RB-66B/C
Search Radar Set; manufactured by Magnavox used in F-8B, S-2
Height-Finding Radar used in ZPG-2W, P-2
Early-Warning Radar; manufactured by General Electric used in P2V-6, EC121, EZ-1C
X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar; manufactured by Goodyear used inexperimental pod for B-58; tested in C-97, C-135, RF-4C; ground-component
in AN/GSQ-28"SABRE" High-Resolution X-Band Side-Looking Radar; manufactured byGeneral Electric; under consideration for B-70
Search Radar used in EC-121
Maritime Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments used in E1B, P-3A/B, NP-3D, P5M-2
Search Radar used in B-52
Early Warning/Aircraft Direction Radar; manufactured by Hazeltine used in
EC-121L, E-1B, E-2; tested in SH-3G
Tracking Radar used with QB-47
Side-Looking Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Motorola used with RL23D, RU-8D
Early Warning Radar (development of AN/APS-82)
Search Radar; manufactured by Texas Instruments used in HU-16B, S-2
Early Warning Radar used in E-2
Radar Warning Receiver used in F-105D
Side-Looking Airborne Surveillance & Mapping Radar; manufactured byMotorola used in OV-1B/D, P-2, P-3, EA-6A, UH-1 ALARM, B-26
Search & Warning Radar; manufactured by Hazeltine used in EC/RC-121
Air Surveillance Radar; manufactured by General Electric used in E-2A/B

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43AN/APS-103
AN/APS-104
AN/APS-105
AN/APS-107
AN/APS-108
AN/APS-109
AN/APS-111
AN/APS-112
AN/APS-113
AN/APS-115
AN/APS-116
AN/APS-117
AN/APS-118
AN/APS-119
AN/APS-120
AN/APS-121
AN/APS-122
AN/APS-123
AN/APS-124
AN/APS-125
AN/APS-126
AN/APS-127
AN/APS-128
AN/APS-130
AN/APS-131
AN/APS-133
AN/APS-134

AN/APS-135

Height Finding Radar used in EC/RC-121
Bombing/Navigation Radar System; part of AN/ASQ-48 used in B-52C/D
Radar Homing & Warning System; manufactured by Dalmo-Victor used in B52
Radar Homing & Warning System; manufactured by Bendix used for targeting
AGM-78 used in A-7D, F-105G, F-111A, F-4D; improved version tested in F4E
Search Radar; manufactured by Motorola/Raytheon used in B-52D
Radar Homing & Warning System; manufactured by Dalmo-Victor used in F111A/D/E/F, FB-111A
UHF Air Surveillance Radar (modified AN/APS-96); manufactured by
Lockheed Martin (General Electric) used in E-2A
Early Warning Radar AWACS (development of AN/APS-59)
Weather Radar; manufactured by Bendix; manufactured by Bendix used in
EC-47, UH-1
X-Band Sea Surveillance/ASW Radar; manufactured by Raytheon (Texas
Instruments) used in P-3C, SH-2D
X-Band Sea Surveillance/ASW Radar; manufactured by Raytheon (Texas
Instruments) used in EP-3E, S-3A, SH-3, CP-140 (Canada; Canadian version
called AN/APS-506), P-3C (Australia); proposed for cancelled U-2EPX
TIAS (Target Identification & Acquisition System) for AGM-45 used in some
A-4
TIAS (Target Identification & Acquisition System) for AGM-78;
manufactured by IBM used in A-6B (Mod 1)
Weather Avoidance Search Radar used in HC-130B
Air Surveillance Radar; manufactured by General Electric used in E-2C
Radar Set
Search Radar used in YSH-2E
Search Radar used in S-2D
Sea Surveillance/ASW Radar; manufactured by Raytheon used in SH-60B,
YSH-2E; tested in SH-3
Pulse Doppler UHF Air Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Lockheed
Martin (General Electric) used in E-2C, EC-130V; replaced AN/APS-120
Surface Search Radar used in P-3
Raytheon Sea Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Raytheon used in HU25A/B, Gulfstream III (Denmark)Sea Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Telephonics used in E-9A, P-95
(Brazil), D.3B (Spain)
Multimode Search Radar (derivative of AN/APG-156); manufactured by
Northrop Grumman (Norden) used in EA-6B
Sideways Looking Sea Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Motorola used in
HU-25B, C-130
X-Band Multifunction Radar; manufactured by Allied Signal (Model RDR1F) used in EA-6A, C-5, KC-10, C-17, EC-24A, VC-25, C-130, C-141, E-3,
E-4, E-6, E-8
Multimode Search Radar; manufactured by Raytheon (Texas Instruments)
used in P-3B, EP-3E, HC-130H, CP-140A (Canada; Canadian version called
AN/APS-507), Atlantique (Germany/France), P-3K (New Zealand), Fokker 50
Mk 2 (Singapore), CN-235MPA (Brunei), P-3C (South Korea)
Side-Looking Airborne Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Motorola used

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44

AN/APS-136
AN/APS-137

AN/APS-138
AN/APS-139
AN/APS-140
AN/APS-141
AN/APS-143
AN/APS-144
AN/APS-145
AN/APS-146
AN/APS-147
AN/APS-148
AN/APS-149
AN/APS-150
AN/APS-503
AN/APS-504
AN/APS-505
AN/APS-506
AN/APS-507
AN/APS-509
AN/APS-T1
AN/APS-T2

in HC-130H
I-Band MTI Radar; planned for EH-60C
Pulse Doppler X-Band Sea Surveillance/ASW Radar; manufactured byRaytheon used in:- AN/APS-137(V)1: A-6E, S-3B
- AN/APS-137(V)2: PHM2 Hydrofoil- AN/APS-137(V)3: P-3C
- AN/APS-137(V)4: HC-130H- AN/APS-137(V)5: P-3C
- AN/APS-137(V)6: ES-3A- AN/APS-137(V)?: EP-3E
Pulse Doppler UHF Air Surveillance Radar (upgraded AN/APS-125);
manufactured by Lockheed Martin (General Electric) used in E-2C; planned
for P-3AEW
Pulse Doppler UHF Air Surveillance Radar (upgraded AN/APS-138);
manufactured by Lockheed Martin used in E-2C(Grp.I)
I/J-Band Multimode Surveillance Radar (US version of AN/APS-504);
manufactured by Litton Canada
I/J-Band Multimode Surveillance Radar (US version of AN/APS-504(V)3);
manufactured by Litton Canada
X-Band Sea Surveillance Radar "Ocean Eye"; manufactured by Telephonics
used in E-9A, S-2E, HU-25, SH-60, SH-2G (Australia, New Zealand), and inaerostats
Pulse Doppler Ku-Band Land Surveillance Radar; manufactured by AIL usedin EO-5, RQ-5A(BQM-155A); tested in C-27, UH-60A
Pulse Doppler UHF Air Surveillance Radar (upgraded AN/APS-139);
manufactured by Lockheed Martin used in E-2C(Grp.II), EC-130V
manufactured by Northrop Grumman; intended for EA-6B
Multi-Mode Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Telephonics used in MH60R"SeaVue" Lightweight Multi-Platform Sea/Land Surveillance Radar;
manufactured by Raytheon
Pod-Mounted Surveillance Radar used on P-3C (to provide targeting
coordinates of mobile targets for the AGM-84H)
Sea Surveillance Radar; modified AN/APS-115 (or AN/APS-137?) for use
with C-130; probably used on HC-130H
I-Band Multimode Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Litton Canada usedin CH-124
I/J-Band Multimode Surveillance Radar (improved AN/APS-503);
manufactured by Litton Canada used in EC/RC-26D (AN/APS-504(V)5), CP121
Beacon-Equipped Multimode Radar
Maritime Surveillance Radar (Canadian version of AN/APS-116);
manufactured by Raytheon (Texas Instruments) used in CP-140
Maritime Surveillance Radar (Canadian version of AN/APS-134);
manufactured by Raytheon (Texas Instruments) used in CP-140A
Search Radar used in S-2T
Air-to-Surface Vessel Radar Trainer
Air-to-Surface Vessel Radar Trainer

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45

AN/APY - Airborne Surveillance Radars
Model Number
AN/APY-1
AN/APY-2
AN/APY-3
AN/APY-6
AN/APY-7
AN/APY-8
AN/APY-9
AN/APY-10
AN/APY-12
AN/APY-T1
AN/APY-T2

Description
Pulse Doppler S-Band Air & Sea Surveillance Radar (AWACS);
manufactured by Northrop Grumman used in E-3
Pulse Doppler S-Band Air & Sea Surveillance Radar (AWACS);
manufactured by Northrop Grumman used in E-3
Sideways Looking Air-to-Ground Surveillance Radar (JSTARS);
manufactured by Northrop Grumman used in E-8
Multi-Mode High Resolution Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Northrop
Grumman; tested in NP-3C
Sideways Looking Air-to-Ground Surveillance Radar (improved AN/APY-3)
used in E-8"Lynx" SAR/GMTI (Synthetic Aperture Radar/Ground Moving Target
Indicator); manufactured by General Atomics; tested in C-12, U-21 and others;planned for use in MQ-9A
UHF Air Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Lockheed Martin used in E-2D
Maritime Surveillance Radar; manufactured by Raytheon used in P-8A
"Phoenix" SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar)
RMTS (Radar Maintenance Training Set); part of E-3 AWACS MTS(Maintenance Training System)
ARMTS (Advanced Radar Maintenance Training Set); part of E-3 AWACS
MTS (Maintenance Training System)

7.3.3 Model’s Articulations Effect on RCS Data
Most man-made models (aircraft, tanks, trucks, etc.) have parts that can be articulated(flaps, turrets, rotating antennae, landing gears, etc). It is impractical to pre-compute andstore within the CDB an RCS model for every possible position of those articulated partstaken individually. Instead, a CDB RCS model attribute provides the means to store an
overall RCS variation effect, or otherwise called “scintillation effect”. The scintillation
effect value is added to the RCS at run-time during movement of any of such articulatedparts of the model. This is a parameter in the vector data attributes called “RCS_SCINT”
and this attribute can be used by the radar client-devices at runtime to provide a
correlated (but approximated) variation level of the model RCS while any of its parts arearticulated.
For example, for a tank in the process of rotating its turret, the radar simulation client
would take its overall RCS (based on aspect angles) and add the scintillation factor on the
end-result RCS value to slightly alter the RCS to introduce the turning turret effect while
the part is moving. While this adds an approximation factor on the RCS, it provides acoherent and correlated variation level to all clients using the RCS data set layer. The“RCS_SCINT” is therefore the value that represents a scaling factor of RCS noise thatwould be superimposed while the part is being articulated.

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium46

Annex A: Conformance Class Abstract Test Suite (Normative)
Conformance Test Class: OGC CDB Radar Cross Section (RCS)This section describes conformance test for the OGC CDB Radar Cross Section model.
These abstract test cases describe the conformance criteria for verifying the structure andcontent of any data store claiming conformance to this CDB Best Practice.
The conformance class id is “http://www.opengis.net/spec/cdb-radar/1.0/conf/” and all of
the other conformance tests URLs are created in this path. Another issue that the reader
should pay attention to is the test method. When the test method is assigned with
“Visual”, it means that the purpose of the test should be “visually” investigate the filecontents, image, or other content.
A.1 General RCS Implementation
The following conformance test is designed to determine if a RCS instance is a CDB
implementation is a Shapefile.
Conformance 1/conf/core-radar/storage

Requirement

req/cdb-radar/storage

Dependency

Shapefile specification

Test

Test
purposeVerify that the RCS model is stored as a series of Esri’s
ShapeFiles in accordance with the Esri Shapefile
Specification.

Test method Visual inspection. Pass if verified
Test type

Conformance

A.2 Shapefile Point Vertices
This test determines that for each of those Shapefile point vertices, the X component
represent the azimuth angle (equivalent to longitude) and the Y component represent theelevation angle (equivalent to latitude); the RCS value (and other attributes) are stored in
the instance attributes within the DBF file.-azimuth.
Conformance 2/conf/core-radar/storage-vertices

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47

Requirement 2

req/cdb-radar/storage-vertices

Dependency

Shapefile specification

Test

Test
purposeVerify that point vertices follow the requirement for
representing an RCS instance.

Test method Visual inspection. Pass if verified
Test type

Conformance

A.3 Model Signature Significant Angle
Test to determine if the eight prescribed values for azimuth and elevation increments areused for specifying the Model Signature Significant Angle.
Conformance 3/conf/core-radar/ storage-sig-angle

Requirement 3

req/cdb-radar/storage-sig-angle

Dependency

Table showing ModelSignature LOD level number and theModelSignature Significant Angle

Test

Test
purposeVerify that the 8 values are used

Test method Check values against table 7.1.
Test type

Conformance

A.4 RCS Attributes
Test for conformance that the RCS data for each distinct RCS representation model has
two different types of attributes; RCS model class attributes and RCS instance attributes
as defined below.
Conformance 4/conf/core-radar/ attributes

Requirement 4

req/cdb-radar/attributes

Dependency

Rules defined on page 19 of this document.

Test

Test
purposeCopyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

Verify that each distinct RCS representation model has
two different types of attributes: RCS model classattributes and RCS instance attributes.
48Test method Check values against rules defined on page 19.
Test type

Conformance

A.5 RCS Storage Files
Test that a single RCS model in the CDB data store consists of the data files.
•••

One *.shp main file that provides the geometric aspect (Points) for each data
instance of a RCS model.
Two *.dbf files (one instance-level on a per RCS Shape basis, and one class-levelat the RCS model level) that collectively provide the attribution for all of thepossible RCS models of a given RCS Model.
One *.shx index file that stores the file offsets and content lengths for each of therecords of the main *.shp file. The only purpose of this file is to provide a simple
means for clients to step through the individual records of the *.shp file (i.e., it
contains no CDB modeled data).

Conformance 5/conf/core-radar/storage-files

Requirement 5

req/cdb-radar/storage-files

Dependency

Shapefile specification

Test

Test
purposeVerify that a single RCS model in the CDB data store
consists of the data files: One *.shp, two *.dbf, and one*.shx

Test method Visual inspection.
Test type

Conformance

A.6 RCS Storage Files
Test that each variant of the RCS model in the Shapefile has a 10-character string
attribute called “RCS_VARI”. The string may contain the specific Radar model number(and possibly its frequency band L-Band, S-Band, X-Band, Ku-Band) for which this RCS
variant applies to. The suggested string convention for this field is as described in
AN/APA to AN/APD - Equipment Listing. http://www.designationsystems.net/usmilav/jetds/an-apa2apd.html#_APA.
Conformance 6/conf/core-radar/rcs-vari

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

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Requirement 6

req/cdb-radar/rcs-vari

Dependency

Shapefile specification and Reference as given above.

Test

Test
purposeVerify that each variant of the RCS model in the
Shapefile has a 10-character string attribute called“RCS_VARI”

Test method Visual inspection.
Test type

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

Conformance50Annex B Revision history

Date

ReleaseAuthorParagraph modified Description

Draft
6/12/2016 Voteversion
10/6/2016 1.0

C ReedMany

C ReedVariousC. Reed Various

Ready for OAB review
Generalize as many ShapeFile
references as possible
Final edits for publication

11/21/2016 1.0

C. ReedReady for publication

12/28/2017 1,1

C. Reed Various

Minor edits and changes to URI
identifiers for 1.1.

2/6/2016

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