Proceedings of the Thirty-second (2022) International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference
Shanghai, China, June 5–10, 2022
Copyright © 2022 by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE)
ISBN 978-1-880653-81-4; ISSN 1098-6189

www.isope.org

Study of the interactions between ice and offshore wind turbine using cohesive
element method
Yingzhou Liu1, Bin Wang 2 *, Wei Shi 3, Wenhua Wang1, Xin Li1
Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coast and Offshore Engineering,
Dalian University of Technology,
Dalian, Liaoning, China
2Key Laboratory of Far-shore Wind Power Technology of Zhejiang Province,
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Powerchina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited,Hangzhou Zhejiang China
3Deepwater Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Coast and Offshore Engineering, Offshore Renewable Energy Research Center,
Dalian University of Technology,
Dalian, Liaoning, China
1ABSTRACT

has become a hot issue in the structural design and safe use. However,
the research on ice-OWT collision mechanism is still insufficient, at

Ice bending fracturing is a major failure mode for sea ice act onpresent.

offshore wind turbines (OWTs) with icebreaker. The cohesive element
method (CEM ) is applied to simulate the bending fracturing andThe interaction between ice and OWT structures is a complex

fragmentation accumulation of the level ice in the presented study. Theprocess, which mainly includes the local crushing failure and bending

elastoplastic linear softening constitutive model is used to consider thefailure of sea ice, and the accumulation, slippage and removal of broken

characteristics of S2 columnar ice, and the transversely isotropic Tsai-ice (Riska et al., 1995; Aksens et al., 2010). These processes interact andWu failure criterion is adopted to predict the ice failure. The proposed

couple each other, which propose challenges to the numerical simulationinteraction coupling model is implemented into the LS-DYNA finite

of sea ice-OWT interaction and the accurate prediction of ice load (Liuelement code. Then, the sea ice crack expansion, breaking, sliding, andet al., 2022). Each failure shall change the geometry and boundary

accumulation are observed under different ice velocities. M eanwhile, theconditions of the subsequent ice, which can have an impact on thenumerical results are validated against the ice force model test data.

subsequent ice destruction (Kuutti et al., 2013). After the ice sheet

Furthermore, the structural motion responses of the OWT under sea ice

produces fragments ice due to crushing and bending, a small part of theloads are investigated, and influence of ice velocities is observed. Theice fragments will rotate and slide until it is removed, and most of the ice

results show that the ice velocity has no significant effect on ice force

fragments will form an accumulation effect in front of the structure. Theand structural motion response. However, the fracture size are decreased

accumulation effect plays an important role in the ice-structurewith the increasing of ice velocities.

interaction was discovered by M äättänen (1986) and Sanderson (1988).
Various studies were carried out based on ice loads on OWT. Popko

KEYWORDS: cohesive element method; sea ice; offshore windet al. (2012) studied the sea ice loads for offshore sup port structures byturbine; bending failure.

comparing difference ice model from different guideline and standard.
Ye et al. (2017) found that when OWTs interact with sea ice at low andINTRODUCTION

medium ice velocities, self-excited vibration occurs in the contact area

With the continuous exploration of wind energy resources (Zhao etunder the partial compression of sea ice, which will cause a significant

al., 2021; Ren et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2022), the dynamic response

increase in the shear force of the OWT foundation. Based on simulation

prediction of offshore wind turbines (OWT) under the action of sea ice

tool HAWC2, the effect of the ice thickness on the response was found446