東日本大震災から学ぶ今後の緊急災害時の動物救護～法的裏づけの必要性と平時からの準備

今回の震災は、大規模かつ甚大な被害の上に今までに経験したことのない原発事故と初めてづくしでした。その中での被災動物救護活動で浮上した問題を踏まえ、緊急災害時における動物救護活動をどの地域においても迅速・円滑に行うための法的整備や国・自治体・獣医師会・動物愛護団体・業としての動物飼養施設等の役割等について議論し、今後の対策に寄与できればと考えています。

《主催》公益社団法人 日本動物福祉協会《サポート企業》マース ジャパン リミテッド《司会／座長》師調査員）

山口 千津子氏（公益社団法人 日本動物福祉協会 獣医《演者》「（社）日本動物園水族館協会における東日本大震災被災園館への対応」

荒井 一利氏（社団法人 日本動物園水族館協会 副会長／鴨川シ―ワールド 館長）

川上 直也氏（新潟県 新発田食肉衛生検査センター 所長）「新潟県中越大震災での動物救済活動」

Workshop IIIワークショップ Ⅲ“Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake for Future Animal Rescue
Operations in Times of Emergency ~ Necessity for Legal Backing andPreparations in Normal Times”
This earthquake disaster was the largest and most damaging of any of the earthquakes we have experienced. It led to anuclear accident which itself was the first such experience for Japan. At this workshop we would like to address all the issues
that arose during the animal rescue activities subsequent to the disaster. We will discuss the legal issues, the usage of animal
keeping facilities and the division of roles between central government, self-governing bodies, veterinary associations,animal care organizations and private companies. We will do this so that we may contribute to future measures and operate
our animal rescue activities more swiftly and more smoothly within any region during future times of emergency.
Organizer: Japan Animal Welfare Society (JAWS)
Supporting Company: Mars Japan Limited
MC / Chairperson:
Chizuko YAMAGUCHI, Veterinary Inspector, Japan Animal Welfare Society (JAWS)
Speakers:“The Response by JAZA to Assist Zoos and Aquariums Impacted by the Great East Japan Earthquake”
Kazutoshi ARAI,Vice Chair, Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA) / Director, Kamogawa Sea World“Animal Rescue Activities after the 2004 Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake”
Naoya KAWAKAMI, Director, Niigata Prefecture Shibata Meat Inspection Center

2nd Live Love Animals International Conference on Animal Care in Kobe 2012

127

《主催者および座長メッセージ

ORGANIZER & CHAIR MESSAGE》

公益社団法人 日本動物福祉協会 獣医師調査員・山口 千津子

Chizuko YAMAGUCHI, Veterinary Inspector, Japan Animal Welfare Society (JAWS)

2011 年、東日本全土を激震が襲い、今までとは比較にならない大規模災害が起こりました。
広域の上に、地震、津波、火事、そして、福島県では原子力発電所の事故と 4 つもの大災害が重なり、長期化は必至です。人と共に暮らしていた動物たちもこの大震

このワークショップⅢでは、まず、（公社）日本動物福災から逃れることはできず、津波に飲み込まれた動物、祉協会の山口から東日本大震災被災地における小動物救

飼い主とはぐれた動物、そのまま留められた動物、飼い護活動と活動中に面したさまざまな問題点をご報告し、主と共に避難できた動物と様々な境遇に置かれています。

国や自治体及び飼い主の平時からの準備等についてお話

死者行方不明者が 2 万人を超えるという甚大な被害の中、させていただきます。次に（社）日本動物園水族館協会

人も動物も地震・津波を経験した恐怖や不安でいっぱい

副会長荒井一利先生から被災園館への対応と防災対策にで、多くの方が家族である動物と寄り沿っていることでついて、そして、新潟大震災のときに行政の中心となっ心の支えとなっているようでした。人と動物の絆に配慮て被災動物の救護を担われた川上直也先生から災害時にし、動物の福祉を基本にしたすべての動物に対する災害おける行政の役割についてお話いただきます。その上で、対策を国が音頭を取り、全国の市町村まで行渡らせる必

今回及びこれまでの経験を踏まえた今後の緊急災害にお要があります。2012 年はちょうど「動物の愛護及び管ける動物救援のあり方、国および各市町村における官民理に関する法律」の改正案が国会で審議される予定です。

協働の対策・組織作りについて話し合いたいと思います。

ぜひ、国法の中に緊急災害時の動物救護が取り入れられますようにと願っています。

In 2011, a severe earthquake shook the whole of easternJapan, resulting in devastation on a scale incomparable tothat of any natural disaster that has previously occurredin the country’s history. In addition to causing extensive
damage across a wide area, the impact of four distinct
kinds of disaster, namely earthquake, tsunami, fire and theFukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident, overlappedin many places. This has made the prolongation of thedisaster aftermath inevitable. Animals living with people
were unable to avoid this huge earthquake and, while somewere carried away by the tsunami, even those that survived
had to endure several types of hardship. Some became
separated from their owners, others remained constrained
and unable to move, and some escaped together with theirowners but as part of an evacuation.
In the face of extreme destruction and with over 20,000
people dead or missing, the human and animal survivors
who experienced the earthquake and the tsunami havebeen overwhelmed by fears and worries. Both animals andpeople needed to snuggle up to their family members. In
so doing, the animals provided many people with muchneeded emotional support. Considering the importance ofhuman-animal bonds, and based on the principles of animal
welfare, it is necessary for cities, towns and villages acrossthe nation to expand disaster countermeasures to cover all128

りぶ・らぶ・あにまるず 神戸アニマルケア国際会議 2012

animals under the government’s leadership. Coincidentally,
2012 is the year in which the National Diet is scheduled
to deliberate the plan to revise the Act on Welfare andManagement of Animals. It is my sincere hope that thisrevision will incorporate ‘animal rescue in times of disaster’within national law.
During Workshop III, Chizuko Yamaguchi of the Japan
Animal Welfare Society will first report on small animal
rescue activities in the areas affected by the Great East
Japan Earthquake and about the various problems faced by
the rescuers during their activities. Next, Kazutoshi Arai, theVice Chair of the Japan Association of Zoos and Aquariums,
will talk about the kinds of response that can be made to aid
damaged zoos and aquariums, and about disaster prevention
countermeasures. Then, Naoya Kawakami, who became acentral figure in the administration that carried out animal
rescue after the Niigata Prefecture Chuetsu Earthquake, willtalk about the role of administration in times of disaster.
After these talks, we will discuss how animal rescue
should be better achieved during future emergencies basedon experiences gained until now. We will also discuss
about private-public cooperative countermeasures and theinvolvement of organizations at both national and local (city,town and village) government levels.

( 社 ) 日本動物園水族館協会における東日本大震災被災園館への対応
The Response by JAZA to Assist Zoos and Aquariums Impacted by the Great East
Japan Earthquake
社団法人 日本動物園水族館協会 副会長／鴨川シ―ワールド 館長・荒井 一利

Kazutoshi ARAI, Vice Chair, Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA)
Director, Kamogawa Sea World( 社 ) 日本動物園水族館協会（以下 JAZA）は、動物園水族館事業れ、避難先で 4 月 7 日に無事出産しています。その後、被災園館は、の発展と共に、日本の文化や科学技術を振興させることを目的としJAZA 加盟園館や関連団体の協力のもとで、復興に向けた活動を開始て、1939 年に発足した組織で、現在、国内の 153 園館（動物園し、7 月 15 日までに全園館が営業を再開することができました。

87：水族館 66）が会員として加盟しています。

見舞金の募集は、3 月 14 日より JAZA のホームページやフェイ

3 月 11 日に発生した東日本大震災では、JAZA 加盟園館のうち 13スブックによって国内外に広く訴えるとともに、各園館が独自に施園館が被災しました。地震による被害はさほど大きくはなく、動物設内で実施し、12 月 28 日現在、56,930,483 円（うち国内 1,119

園における主な被害は、断水による水不足と物流の遮断による飼料

件 35,470,318 円、国外 35 件 21,460,165 円）の協力を得ることの入手でした。一方、水族館では津波による浸水などのため、電気ができました。適切な支援を行うために、「被災動物園水族館会議」設備や飼育水供給設備などが機能不全となり、結果として多くの生を被災地で 4 月に 2 回開催し、被災状況や支援要望などの確認と情物が死亡した施設がありました。JAZA は震災当日より、被害状況や報交換を行い、さらに、見舞金を適切に配分するために、外部有識支援に関する情報収集を行い、初期支援として、飼料の輸送や飼育者を含めた「見舞金分配委員会」を設置し、配分のための方針や内動物の緊急避難を実施することにしました。飼料の輸送は、3 月 18容などの検討を行いました。その結果、7 月末には見舞金配分方法

日から 4 月 4 日の間に 10 回にわたって 6 園館に対し実施し、そのの最終決定をし、8 月 8・９日に第 1 回目、12 月 20 ～ 26 日に第内訳は、固形飼料、肉、魚、野菜、果物などで、各園館から提供さ2 回目の見舞金の贈呈を行い、詳細について加盟全園館長に報告すれたものを担当園館に集めた後、緊急車両指定を取得したトラック

るとともに、ホームページやフェイスブックなどで公表をいたしまによる陸路輸送をはじめとして、空路や水路により、園館の職員とした。また、海外の諸団体からも多くのご支援をいただきましたの協力業者によって輸送しました。飼育動物の緊急避難は、3 月 16 日

で、10 月 4 日にチェコのプラハで開催された WAZA（世界動物園から 4 月 1 日までの間に 5 回実施しました。環境省より国内および水族館協会）年次総会において、山本会長がこれまでの経緯と現状国外希少野生動物種の緊急移動許可を得て、7 園館が保護収容を行について発表し、あわせて謝辞を述べました。

いました。緊急避難した飼育動物は、トド、セイウチ、ゴマフアザ

今回の震災対応に際しては、多くの方々からご協力、ご支援をいラシ、エトピリカ、オオサンショウウオ、シロチョウザメなど 37

ただきました。この場をお借りしまして、心から感謝を申し上げます。

種 266 個体におよび、この中には、妊娠中のゴマフアザラシも含ま

The Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA) wasestablished in 1939 with the aim of promoting various activities
and cooperative efforts between zoos and aquariums around Japan.
In so doing, JAZA aims to contribute towards the enhancement ofscientific technologies and culture developments. Currently, the JAZA
membership consists of 153 institutions (87 zoos and 66 aquariums)
across the country.
The Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11th, 2011, affected thirteenof JAZA’s member institutions. Damage from the earthquake itself
was not so great but major damage did occur due to water shortages,
as caused by supply disruptions, and due to a lack of animal feed,caused by distribution interruptions. Furthermore, some aquariums didsuffer complete power system failures and rearing water supply system
failures due to inundation by tsunami. These failures resulted in thedeath of many fish and animals.
On the day of the earthquake JAZA immediately began to collectinformation about the extent of the damage and assess support needs,
and we launched initial support measures such as transporting feed andproviding emergency evacuation of animals.
We transported feed to 6 institutions ten times between March 18thand April 4th. Feed donated by other institutions, such as solid food,meat, fish, vegetables and fruits, was first collected from designatedinstitutions and then land transported to the affected institutions
using trucks designated as emergency vehicles, as well as by air andwater. Individuals from many institutions and cooperating companies
participated in this effort.
Five emergency evacuations of affected animals were carried out
between March 16th and April 1st. We received a permit from theMinistry of the Environment to transport rare and internationallyendangered species. Seven institutions housed 266 animals from 37
species including Steller sea lions, walruses, spotted seals, tuftedpuffins, giant salamanders, and white sturgeons. Among these wasa pregnant spotted seal, which safely gave birth on April 7th at theinstitution to which it had been evacuated. The affected institutions
began their restoration efforts, supported by JAZA member institutions
and other related organizations, and all of them were able to resume
their activities by July 15th.
We also solicited donations through our website and Facebook while
our individual member institutions conducted their own fund drives. As
a result, a total of 56,930,483 yen (35,470,318 yen from 1,119 donors
in Japan and 21,460,165 yen from 35 donors abroad) was raised as ofDecember 28th.
In order to provide appropriate support, we held a ‘Meeting of Affected
Zoos and Aquariums’ twice during April within the affected prefectures
to assess the degree of damage, support needed and to exchange
information. We also set up a Donation Distribution Committee anddiscussed the principles and the details for distributing donations.
By the end of July, the distribution method was finalized and the first
donation presentations were made on August 8 and 9, with a second
series being made between December 20 and December 26. The details
were reported to the directors of all JAZA member institutions andannounced via our website and on Facebook.
We also received tremendous support from overseas organizations.
JAZA Chairman Shigeyuki Yamamoto expressed our gratitude for thiswhen he presented the details about our earthquake support activities,
with a status report on the affected institutions, at the 66th Annual
Conference of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA)
on October 4th, 2011 in Prague.
I wish to use this abstract to also express my sincere gratitude for allthe support and cooperation received from so many people in helping
us respond to the earthquake.

2nd Live Love Animals International Conference on Animal Care in Kobe 2012129新潟県中越大震災での動物救済活動
Animal Rescue Activities after the 2004 Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake
新潟県 新発田食肉衛生検査センター 所長・川上 直也

Naoya KAWAKAMI, Director,Niigata Prefecture Shibata Meat Inspection Center

東日本大震災で被災された皆様にお見舞い申し上げる

この震災の経験から、その後策定された「新潟県地域とともに犠牲となられた皆様に心からお悔やみ申し上げ

防災計画」に「愛玩動物の保護対策」を掲載し、飼育者、ます。

新潟県でも平成 16 年に「新潟県中越大震災」

県、獣医師会、県動物愛護協会、市町村、動物救済本部が発生し未曾有の被害をもたらしました。家屋は壊れ道の役割を明記しました。 そして平成 19 年に発生した「新路は寸断され、孤立した山古志村（現長岡市）では全村

潟県中越沖地震」の際には、直ちに動物保護活動を実行

民が長岡市に避難し、一緒に避難できなかった動物たちすることができました。

が村に残されました。動物と一緒に避難した人たちも動物が避難所に入れず離ればなれの生活を送らなければなりませんでした。

このような状況の中、飼い主と動物の絆を守るための様々な活動が行われました。新潟県は、山古志村にヘリコプターで職員を派遣して動物の救護活動を行いました。獣医師会は、被災動物の無料診療や預かり、県動物愛護協会は、ペットの飼育支援を行いました。
これらの活動は、環境省と「緊急災害時動物救援本部」のご支援により立ち上げた「中越大震災動物救済本部」によって実施されました。

I would like to express my deepest sympathies to those whohave suffered from the Great East Japan Earthquake andmy heartfelt condolences to the victims of the tragedy. InNiigata too, in 2004 we suffered from the Niigata Prefecture
Chuetsu Earthquake which inflicted an unprecedented
disaster. In Yamakoshi Village (current Nagaoka City), many
houses were destroyed and the entire village completely
cut off due to severed roads. All the villagers had to beevacuated to Nagaoka City. Many of them were not able
to take their pets with them and those that did manage toescape with their animal had to live apart from them because
pets were not allowed in the shelters. But, as a result, there
was subsequent action to protect the bond between pets
and their owners; the Niigata Prefectural Government sent
officials by helicopter to Yamakoshi Village to rescue leftbehind animals; the Veterinarian Association then provided
medical care and shelter to affected animals; and the Niigata
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (NiigataSPCA) offered help to those wanting to live with their pets.

130

りぶ・らぶ・あにまるず 神戸アニマルケア国際会議 2012

These activities were conducted through the Chuetsu
Earthquake Animal Rescue Headquarters which wasestablished with the support of the Ministry of Environment
and the Headquarters for the Relief of Animals inEmergencies.
Based on the experience gained from the above activities, I
authored a section about protection measures for pet animals
as part of the Niigata Prefecture Local Disaster Prevention
Plan, which was drawn up after the earthquake. The plan
stipulates the role of pet owners, the prefectural government,
the veterinary medical association, Niigata SPCA,
municipal governments, and Animal Rescue Headquarters.
Thanks to this, we were able to immediately launch animal
rescue activities when the Chuetsu-oki Earthquake occurredin 2007.