IAEA ACTION PLAN ON
NUCLEAR SAFETY REGARDING
RADIATION PROTECTION AFTER
FUKUSHIMA DAIICHI ACCIDENT
Hidenori Yonehara
Former consultant, Nuclear Safety Action Team,IAEA

Kazuo SakaiConsultant, Nuclear Safety Action Team, IAEA

Immediate Response to the accident by IAEA
• The Incident and Emergency Centre (IEC) wasimmediately activated, established communication andverified information• The IAEA Laboratories reviewed environmental data
provided by the Japanese authorities on monitoring of themarine environment and received terrestrial environment
samples for independent analysis• The IAEA Director General visited Tokyo in March for highlevel consultations, to express the solidarity of theinternational community and its full support to Japan indealing with the consequences of the earthquake, tsunami
and nuclear accident, and to convey offers of assistancefrom more than a dozen countries

Immediate Response to the accident by IAEA
• At the request of Japan, the IAEA sent radiologicalmonitoring teams to help validate the results of the more
extensive measurements taken by the Japanese
authorities• Advice was provided on sampling and analyticalstrategies and interpretation of monitoring data toensure that reliable, continuous updates could be
provided on the extent of food contamination in theaffected areas• The IAEA posted daily briefings for Member States andthe public on its public website

1st IAEA Fact Finding Mission to Japan (May/June)• Assessment of the safety issues linked with the Fukushima Daiichi NPP
accident following the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami• Objective was to identify lessons learned from the accident• Deliberations with Japanese nuclear‐related agencies and visits to thenuclear sites

Preliminary findings in the Report:• Japan’s response has been exemplary, considering the exceptional
circumstances• Evacuation was well‐organized; a suitable and timely follow‐up
program on public and worker exposure and health monitoring
would be beneficial• The tsunami hazard was underestimated; designers and operators
should appropriately evaluate and protect against risks of all
natural hazards• Extreme events should be addressed adequately, including periodic
review• The accident demonstrated the need for on‐site Emergency
Response Centres

IAEA Ministerial Conference on Nuclear SafetyTook place in Vienna on 24 June 2011
Conference called to identify lessons learned from the accident at theFukushima Daiichi NPP in Japan,

Technical Topics:“Lessons Learned from the accident at TEPCO’s Fukushima Nuclear
Power Stations”“Strengthening nuclear safety, including emergency preparedness
and response, in the light of the accident at TEPCO’s Fukushima
Nuclear Power Stations”“Protection of people and the environment from ionizing radiation”

Ministerial Declaration was adopted:• called for improvements in global nuclear safety
the IAEA Director General developed a draft Action Plan on Nuclear Safety •vering all relevant aspects relating to nuclear safety, emergency
preparedness and response and radiation protection of people and theenvironment, as well as the international legal framework

Nuclear Safety Action Plan (NSAP):
Defines a programme of work to strengthen the global nuclearsafety framework
IAEA Fukushima Report:
Assessment of the accident that is technically comprehensive,
factual and balanced, addressing the causes andconsequences as well as lessons learned.

NSAP Programme of WorkACTION 2Peer Review Services ‐ Overview• OSART – Operational Safety Review Team• IRRS – Integrated Regulatory Review Service• EPREV – Emergency Preparedness Review• DSARS – Design and Safety Assessment Review Service• SALTO – Safety Aspects of Long Term Operation• SEED – Site and External Events Design Review Service• ARTEMIS – Integrated Review Service for Radioactive
Waste and Spent Fuel Management,
Decommissioning and Remediation

Action 6: IAEA Safety Standards

Review and strengthen IAEA Safety Standards and improve theirImplementation
Safety Standards Review Task Force established
Systematic review of Safety Standards in light of Fukushima Accident:• Safety Assessment for Facilities and Activities (GSR Part 4);• Governmental, Legal and Regulatory Framework for Safety (GSRPart 1);• Site Evaluation for Nuclear Installations (NS‐R‐3);• Safety of NPP: Design (SSR‐2/1); and• Safety of NPP: Commissioning and Operation (SSR‐2/2).
Chair of the Commission on Safety Standards Reported on the review(Nov 2012)• No significant areas of weakness had been identified.
• Revisions were proposed to strengthen Requirements (throughaddenda)
Draft addenda approved by Safety Standards Committees (June ‐July 2013) Final review in June 2014, review and approval by CSS in
November 2014. Revisions submitted to theBoard of Governors inMarch 2015

Action 10 Protection from Ionizing Radiation• Fact finding mission on remediation of contaminatedland outside the Fukushima Daiichi NPP areas –incorporate lessons learned• Facilitate the use of available information, expertise andtechniques for monitoring, decontamination andremediation both on and off nuclear sites, etc• Strategies and programmes to improve knowledge andstrengthen capabilities• Share information regarding the assessment of radiation
doses and any associated impacts on people and theenvironment• Cooperation between IAEA, FAO and other relevantorganizations

THE REPORT ON THE
FUKUSHIMA DAIICHI ACCIDENTThe Report on the Fukushima Daiichi Accident• The report should form the basis for the future
programme of work for the IAEA;• The IAEA to take leading role in building on the findingsof the report to shape a safer nuclear future;• Formal publication of the report is planned for the 59th
IAEA General Conference in September 2015
The report consist of• Report by the IAEA Director General:
Executive Summary;
Summary Report;• 5 Technical Volumes:
1. Description and context of the accident;
2. Safety assessment;
3.Emergency preparedness and response;
4. Radiological consequences;
5. Post-accident recovery.

The Report on the Fukushima Daiichi
Accident

The IAEA plays the leading role in producing a technically comprehensive
report based on the understanding of the facts and IAEA’s assessment of theaccident.
The Report by the Director General:- informative and easily understandable for decision makers and generalpublic;- draws on five detailed technical volumes prepared by international experts.
5 Technical Volumes:- include in an understandable balanced manner, nuclear safety andradiological aspects focusing on scientific/technical data;- provide a description of the accident, its causes and consequences andaddress relevant key issues;- will be an authoritative, factual and balanced assessment, addressing thecauses and consequences of the accident, as well as observations and lessons.

Structure of the report

Observations and lessons• 46 key observations and lessons were highlighted by
the Fukushima accident;• The main lesson to be learned is that lessons about
nuclear safety, which had already been identified,need to be implemented, particularly those reflected in
the Safety Standards;• Effective international cooperation is an essential
prerequisite for nuclear safety and the assistance ofinternational organizations is vital to support nationalresponsibilities;• Greater transparency is needed to support theconfidence in nuclear facilities. This can be achieved
through the review processes associated with theinternational safety conventions and the IAEA safety
services.

Acknowledgment
Thanks to Mr Gustavo Caruso
for providing valuable information

Thank you for your attention!