a -{t.. -~;-±~~~~i·!c.f
Transactions and Proceedingsof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New Series

No. 63

Palaeontological Society of Japan
Sept. 30th, 1966

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
Page509. Molluscan Fauna of the Higashi-Innai Formation of Noto Peninsula,
Japan- I. A General Consideration of the Fauna .... Koichiro MASUDA
Notes on Ammonites jlaccidicosta R6:v1ER from the Cretaceous of Texas

261

510.

.................................................. Tatsuro l'viATSUMOTO

294

511.

Upper Permian Fusulinids from the Taishaku Limestone in West japan.............................. Kimiyoshi SADA and Tsuruo YoKOYAMA 303

President:

Kiyoshi AsANO

Councillors: Kiyoshi AsANO (Editor of "Fossils"), Haruyoshi FUJIMOTO, Tetsuro
HANAI (Editor of Transactions and Proceedings), Wataru HASHIMOTO (Treasurer), Kotora HATAI, lchiro HAYASAKA, Koichiro ICHIKAWA, Taro KANAYA,
Teiichi KOBAYASHI, Tatsuro MATSUMOTO (Editor for Special Papers), Masao
MINATO, Hiroshi OZAKI (Planning), Tokio SHIKAMA (Membership), Fuyuji
TAKAI (Chairman of Executive Councillors' Committee), Ryuzo ToRIYAMA
Secretaries: Takashi HAMADA, Hisayoshi !GO, Yokichi TAKAYANAGI, Yasuhide
IWASAKIAll Communications relating to this journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, japan

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Japan. N. S .. ~o. 63, pp. 261-293, Sept. 30, 1966

509. MOLLUSCAN FAUNA OF THE HIGASHI-INNAIFORMATION OF NOTO PENINSULA. JAPAN-I
A GENERAL CONSIDERATION OF THE FAUNA*
KOICHIRO 11IASUDA
Department of Geology, Miyagi UniYersity of Education. Sendai

Senclai City and of the Geological Institute Facultv of Science. University ofTok~o in Tokyo. Some specimens in thecolle.ction of the Kanmachi Primary
School in Yanaida-mura. Fugeshi-gun,Ishikawa Prefecture were also studied.

Introduction

Since the first report on the molluscan
fossils from the 't\liocene Higashi-Innai
Formation. Noto Peninsula. Ishikawa
Prefecture (l'viASUDA. 1955. 1956), stratigraphical studies (lsHmA and !'dASUDA,
1956, ISHIDA, 1959) haye progressed andabundant specimens of molluscs andother fossils were collected from theformation.
The present article is the second report on the molluscan fauna of theHigashi-lnnai Formation. In the present
study an analysis was made on themolluscs which were associated withother fossils from the viewpoint of
paleobiology. Thirty-four new species
and one new subspecies are described.
The materials studied are preservedin the collections of the Department of
Geology, Faculty of Education, Instituteof Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of
Science. both of the Tohoku University.
of the Saito Ho-on Kai 1\luseum. all in

Acknowledgements

Appreciation is expressed to Professor
Kotora HATAI of the Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Science.
Tohoku University, for his advice during the course of the present study andfor reading the manuscript. Acknow·
ledgements are due to Professor Yoshio
0:\UKI of the Department of Geology.
Faculty of Education. Tohoku Univer·sity. for his contiguous encouragement.
During the present study much support was received from the following
persons to whom deep gratitude is expressed. Professor Motoki EGUCHI of
the Department of Mining. Faculty ofTechnology, Tohoku University, for
identification of the corals: Professor
Rikizo IMAIZU:\11 of the Department of• Received February 23, 1966; read September 25, 1965 at Naga~aki.

261

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Geological Map of the Northeastern Noto Peninsula.

§
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509.

:lfolluscan Fm~na of the Hiyashi-In1wi-Geology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
Tohoku University, for identification of
the crabs; Dr. Shiro ISHIDA of the Department of Geology and Mineralogy,
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University,
for his cooperation in the field ; Drs.
Shozo HAy ASAKA and Hiroshi NonAof the Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Science. Tohoku University, for their help in various ways.
!\lessrs. SuyG OIIJRO, YG SADA, Akio
HA:\IADA. Tsuneichi TAKAGI, Shoichi
SHIBANO, Hisanao HOJu and their families,
for kindly helping the writer in thefield: Mrs. Setsuko MASUDA for her help
in various ways.
Acknowledgements are also made to
the Ministry of Education. for grants
from the Scientific Expenditure funds.

Outline of the Geology
The strata (Fig. 1) distributed in thenortheastern part of the Noto Peninsula
were classified (MASUDA, 1954. ISHIDA.and ~viASUI>A. 1956) as described below
in ascending order.
K6nosuyama Volcanics: Andesite. basalt
intercalated with Shinobu Diorite, volcanic breccia and tuff breccia.
. . . . (stratigraphic relation uncertain) ....
Tokunari Formation: Green or gray massive rhyolitic tuff breccia and pumice
tuff with andesite, basalt and dacite
lavas .
. . . . . . (unconformity) ..... .
Higashi-lnnai Formation: Subdivided into
the Orito, Fujio and Akagami Mudstone
Members. The Orito Member consistsof tuff breccia. lapilli tuff. pumice tuff.
stratified fine tuff, tuffaceous mudstone
and tuffaceous sandstone and yields theOrito Flora (lsillD.'\, 1964) which is characterized by Liquidambar, Comptonia.
.4/lws. Betula, Zelkot•a, etc. The Fujio
l\Iember overlies the Orito Member and263

interfingers with its upper part in thenortheastern area but thins out eastwards.
It comprises conglomerate. sandstone andan alternation of sandstone and siltstone
with molluscs. corals. echinoids. crabs.
sponges. foraminifers. calcareous algae,
etc. The Akagami Mudstone Member
is the uppermost part of the HigashiInnai Formation and consists of stratified mudstone. In the central to westernareas the formation can not be subdivided as in the northeastern area .
. . . . . . (conformity) ..... .
Awagura Formation and lwakurayama
Rhyolite: The former comprises stratified rhyolitic tuff breccia, pumice tuff,
pumiceous fine tuff and sandy tuff. andthe latter plagio-rhyolite which erupted
during deposition of the formation.
... (conformity) ..... .
Xajimi Formation: Tuffaceou5 mudstone
and diatomaceous mudstone with a layerof glauconite in the lower part. The
Iizuka Diatomaceous Mudstone Member
occupies the upper part of the formationand is distributed in the eastern nrca.
Conchocele disjune/a GAilB. Luci11oma sp.,etc. occur throughout the formation .
. . . . . . (unconformity) ..... .
Minamiyama Volcanics: Trachytic dole. rite and trachytic basalt. Considered to
be products after the orogenic movementsin the region.
. ..... (unconformity) ..... .
Coastal Terrace Deposits:
Deposits ofsand. mud and gravel in several heightsof 25m to 150m above sea level. The
so-called Hiratoko Bed occupies the 25m
to 50 m high terrace, and abundant molluscs and foraminifers were recorded
from the type locality.

The faults and folds in the present
region have axis trending about eastwest and are post-Najimi and preHiratoko in age.
Stratigraphic Notes on the Higashi-

Innai Formation

The Higashi-lnnai Formation is distributed in the eastof Wajima City, Suzu Cityand in a part of Yanaidamura. Fugeshi-gun. occupying an area of about 30 km
in east to west direction andabout 15 km in north to south.
The formation is displacedby many folds and faults,
most of which trend fromeast to west.
The lithological facies ofthe Higashi-Innai Formation
are very variable and therefore they will be describedaccording to area as follows.

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(I) Nishi-Jnnai-Kanagura-Terayama Area (Fig. 2)
The Higashi-lnnai Formation is about 200m thick at
Higashi-Innai. It comprises
conglomerateintercalatedwith thin sandstone. siltstone
and lignite seams, fossiliferous very coarse- to coarsegrained sandstone or conglomeratic sandstone, medium- to fine-grained sandstoneand siltstone in upward sequence. The lower part of
the formation is mostly of
conglomerate which occupies
about 2/3 of the whole thickness. It overlies with unconformity the green coloredtuff breccia of the Tokunari
Formation. The thin siltstone of the uppermost part
attains only a few meters inthickness and is overlain by
the white to gray colored' ' ...

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Fig. 2. Columnar sectionsin the .1'\ishi-Innai-Kanagura- Terayama Area.

509.

.llollw;cnn Faunn of the Higashi-Inncti

stratified fine tuff of the Awagura Formation with conformity; this may correspond to the Akagami ivludstone lvlember in the northeastern area. Thissiltstone gradually becomes thicker eastwards and near Kanagura it can be
dassified as a member.
This formation is thickest (about300m) at Nishi·lnnai, west of Higashilnnai (type locality of the formation),
but it rather abruptly becomes thinner
westwards and gradually thins out. In
the western part of the area this formation overlies the Shinobu Diorite which
intruded the Konosuyama Volcanics.
In the eastern area the Higashi-lnnai
Formation overlies the tuff breccia of
the Tokunari Formation and gradually
becomes thinner and consequently thelower part consisting mainly of conglomerate also decreases its thickness.
At the west of Terayama this formation is about 10m in thickness and comprises only siltstone and sandstone.
However, at Terayama and Sarugaba
the formation is composed of conglomerate. sandstone. siltstone, etc. andattains about 150m in thickness, but
eastwards it thins out.
The pebbles of the conglomerate areusually subangular andesite, basalt anddiorite in the vicinity of Higashi-lnnai
but in general. the pebbles gradually
become smaller and rounder eastwards.
Diorite pebbles are common in the conglomerate and found distributed in thevicinities of Nishi-lnnai and HigashiInnai ; these also tend to become smaller
and gradually disappear eastw·ards.
Lignite layers are well developed inand around Terayama but elsewhere-only thin lignite seams are found. Fossil
shells are generally abundant but in thewestern part of Nishi-Innai, the vicinity-of Suzuya, in the west of Terayama.and the eastern part of Sarugaba none

265

could be found. Small oysters attached
to cobbles or boulders and drifted silici·tied woods are found in the lower conglomerate part of the formation in thevicinities of Terayaml and Sarugaba.
Drifted silicified woo:ls are also foundin the coaglo.nerate near Nishi-Innai.
A thin pumice tuff layer is intercalated
in the lower part of the conglomerate
at Tannoji and Kanagura.
(2) Southern Kanagura- Tokunari·Hizumewaki Area (Figs. 3. 4)This area occupies the southern wingof the anticline which axis trends east
to west through Kanagura. The Higashi-Innai Formation overlies with unconformity the uneven surface of the green
colored tuff breccia of the Tokunari
Formation and is overlain by the Awagura Formation with conformity. In
this area it is composed of conglomerate, lignite layers. sandstone and analternation of sandstone and siltstone.
The siltstone in the upper part of theformation corresponds to the Akagami
Mudstone ~!ember in the northeasternarea. As in the Nishi-Innai-Terayama
area the Higashi-lnnai Formation can
not be subdivided into members.
Thick lignite layers occur in the lower
part of the formation in the area southof Kanagura, Tokunari and Onishiyama,
but southwards from Tokunari andOnishiyama the layers become thin.
Comparing the formati'on in the Nishilnnai-Terayama area with that in thepresent one. the thickness in the latterarea is much less. especially the conglomerate in the lo\ver part is very thinand the pebbles very small.
At l'vlunehiro the Awagura Formation
directly lies upon the tuff breccia of theTokunari Formation with unconformity
and the Higashi-Innai Formation is notdeveloped.

266

Koichiro IIIASUDA

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1000 N

Fig. 3. Columnar sections in the southern Kanagura-Tokunari--Kamogawa
Area (AW: Awagura Formation: AK: Akagami Mudstone Member of lligashilnnai Formation; F: Fujio Member of Higashi-lnnai Formation: T: Tokunari
Formation).

0 "Fig. ·1. Columnar sections in the :\ishiyama-Hizumewaki-Uwadani Area (A\V:Awagura Formation: AK: Akagami Mudstone Member of Higashi-Jnnai Formation:
F: Fujio Member of Higashi-Innai Formation: T: Tokunari Formation).

Fossil shells are abundant in the carbonaceous sandstone to sandy siltstone
overlying the conglomerate and lignite
layers.
(3) lshii·Sasagawa-Wasumi Area
This area is situated in the south of

the Kanagura· Tokunari area. In this.
area the Higashi-lnnai Formation attains
only 15m in thickness and overlies thetuff breccia of the Tokunari Formation
with unconformity, and is composed ofglauconite bearing tuffaceous mediumto fine-grained sandstone; its distribu-

509.

267

Molluscan Fauna of the Higa.shi-Inna.ition is restricted to a small area. It isoverlain with conformity by the Av.ragura Formation. Abundant sponges occur
from the formation in association withmolluscan shells in the glauconite bear·ing sandstone.
l\lukaiyama- Fujio-Otani- Wanizaki
Area (Fig. 5)
The type locality of the Fujio !\!ember
is in the east of Fujio. Suzu City. It is
about 110m thick. The Fujio !\•!ember
consists of conglomerate intercalatedwith carbonaceous siltstone and sandstone with drifted silicified woods andplant fragments, conglomerate and conglomeratic very coarse-grained sandstone. medium· to fine-grained sandstone
and an alternation of sandstone andsiltstone in upward succession. A thinpumice tuff layer is intercalated in theconglomerate forming the lower part of
the Fujio i\lember which overlies theKonosuyama Volcanics with unconformity. Molluscs, corals, crabs, foraminifers. echinoids, etc. are abundant in theconglomerate and conglomeratic very
coarse- to coarse-grained sandstone. Fossil shells also occur in the carbonaceous
medium- to fine-grained sandstone.
The Fujio l\'lember is overlain by therather thick Akagami tvludstone Member
which is superposed with conformity
by the A wagura Formation.
South of 1\lukaiyama. about 1.5 km
west of the type locality. the Fujio
Member is about 30m in thickness, but
at l\·Iaura. west of l\lukaiyama, where
the Iligashi-lnnai Formation is not developed. the Awagura Formation lies
directly on the Konosuyama Volcanics.

.....

('1)

Fig. 5. Columnar sections in the !\Iukaiyama-Fujio-Otani-Wanizaki-Konami
Area (AW: Awagura Formation: AK:
Akagami Mudstone l\1ember of Higashi·
Innai Formation: F: Fujio Member ofHigashi-lnnai Formation: K: Konosuyama
Volcanics).

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Kriichiro .M.4.SUDA

268

At Kakuma, about 2 km east of thetype locality, the Fujio l\•lember is about
20m in thickness and consists of conglomerate which covers with unconformity the Konosuyama Volcanics andconglomeratic very coarse- to coarsegrained sandstone in which occur larger
foraminifers, echinoids, calcareous algae
and a few molluscs. At this place thealternation of sandstone and siltstone of
the upper part of the member is notdeveloped, but a glauconite bearing sandstone of about 1m in thickness defines
its uppermost part. The coarse-grainedsandstone \Vhich yielded numerous Miogypsina, echinoids, calcareous algae, etc.
is distributed in the west of Doguchi,
about Li km northeast of Kakuma,
where at its basal part a boulder conglomerate overlies the K6nosuyama Volcanics with unconformity. The glauconite bearing sandstone mentioned.above is developed at the upper part of
the Fujio l\•Iember. At ()tani, about 2 km
northeast of Doguchi, the Fujio Member
consists of boulder conglomerate intercalated with siltstone and sandstone,
pebble to granule conglomerate, conglomeratic very coarse- to coarse-grainedsandstone, medium-grained sandstone
and thin glauconite bearing sandstone
in upward succession. Abundant mol·!uses, corals, crabs, echinoid spines, 0 percu/ina, calcareous algae, balanids, etc.
were found in the conglomerate andconglomeratic sandstone.
Eastwards from Otani the Fujio Member overlies and interfingers with theOrito .1\olember and tends to become thinout.
Kakuma-SotonoyamaKobunayama Area
This area is situated in the east of
Kakuma. In this area the alternation-of sandstone and siltstone of the upper(5)

part of the Fujio i\•lember is usually
better developed than the conglomerateand sandstone. In the south of Kakuma
the Fujio l\·lember overlies the Konosuyama Volcanics with unconformity andis composed of conglomerate with lignite
seams intercalated with siltstone andpumice tuff layers, conglomeratic sandstone, very coarse- to coarse-grainedsandstone and an alternation of sandstone and siltstone in upward succession.
The lower part is about 30m in thickness and consists of sandstone and conglomerate. Larger foraminifers, bryozoans and molluscan shells are abundantin the conglomeratic very coarse-grainedsandstone.
At Yoshiro and Sotonoyama molluscan
shells were collected from the coarsegrained sandstone and a few oyster
shells and silicified woods were foundin the conglomerate.
Abundant larger foraminifers, echinoids and molluscs were found in the very
coarse- to coarse-grained sandstone in
the southwest of Kobunayama. The tuff
breccia exposed at the just mentioned
place may correspond to the Orito !vlember in which lower part is of the tuff
breccia, whereas in the upper part is analternation of sandstone and siltstone ofill development.
Lignite layers are found in the tuffaceous sandstone and siltstone of the
Fujio Member in the vicinity of Nakao,
about 2 km north of Sotonoyama.
(6)

Konami Area (Fig. 5)

At Konami at the eastern end of theNoto Peninsula, about 13 km southeastof i\latsunagi and about 20 km east of
Sarugaba. abundant molluscan shells andcorals are found in the conglomerateand conglomeratic very coarse- to coarsegrained sandstone, both of which arereferable to the Fujio Member. These

50J.

,Hollnscan F<Litna of the Higashi-Innai

are suj)~rposed on the volcanic brecciaof the K6nosuyama Volcanics.
Tlie
Akagami Mudstone Member is not developed in the present area.
Remarks on the Si.!dimentary
History
judging from the extensive unconformity mentioned above it may b~ considered that the present field was subjected to intensive erosion before themarine transgression which lead to thedeposition of the lligashi-Innai Formation. The lithologic fe:ltures and Orito
Flora of the Ori to !\!ember suggest deposition in a lake in the northeasternarea.
The Higashi-Innai Formation was
deposited on the Tokunari Formation
and K6nosuyama Volcanics of tuff breccia. andesite, basalt, diorite and volcanic
breccia. Considering from the variationof the sediments, thickness of the deposits and irregular unconformity surface of the Tokunari Formation andKonosuyama Volcanics it is evident thatthe marine transgression was influenced
by the physiographical features of thehinterland. The present field, judged fromthe distribution of the basement rocksof the Higashi-Innai Formation, may
have been an area of irregular topography consisting of islands and indented
coast line.
The development and distributionof the lignite in a limited area and thevariation in the thickness of the deposits and in lithologic facies can be ex·plained by the environmental conditions
during the deposition.
From the distribution and thickness
variation of the conglomerate in thelower part and the lateral changes ofthe lithology of the 1-ligashi-lnnai For·mation, it is judged that the seas ofthat age flowed into the present field(7)

from the northwest towards the south
to southeast as mentio:led previously(\llASUOA, 19;)1).
During the deposition of the 1-ligashiInnai Formation the brackish water environments are believed to have existed
at places as is judged from the sulpher
content in the lignite developed at Tokunari and Kanagura being less comparedwith that of Terayama and 6nishiyama.
The seas are considered to have gradually invaded the southern rather lowlandfrom the northwest, while the nonhern
area subsided gradually. re3ulting in therather thick alternation of sandstone andsiltstone and mudstone (Akagami Mudstone \lember) in the northeastern area
and thin glauconite bearing sandstone
in the southern area.

~lolluscan(1)

Assemblage

General Statement

The living molluscan assemblage iscomposed of the species which areadapted to the physical and biologicalphenomena which constitute the environment. But the fossil assemblage.; of any
locality may be the total accumulation
composed of a biocoenosis and a thanatocoenosis. Therefore, to interpret thegeological and paleoecological significances of the fossil assemblage it is necessary to made an analysis of the fossil
composition from the view point of thepresence or absence, abundancy, sizefrequency distribution and their modeof occurrence in order to know the environmental conditions at the time ofdeposition.
(2)

Fossil Locality

The following list includes the localities of molluscan shells of the HigashiInnai Formation except for several

f{i,ichiro MASUDA

270

where only a few and imperfect specimens were found. The lithological characters. mode of occurrence, preservation,
facility of sampling, representative
species, important associated fossils andgeneral remarks are given for each
locality.
(a)
1.

2.

Description of locality

Locality No. 1.
River cliff ncar the junction of two smallroads, south of Nishi-lnnai, Wajima City
(Lat. 37•24'18'' N .. Long. 137•02'43" E.).
Lithology :-Calcareous granule conglomerate to very coarse-grained sandstone\\'ith some carbonaceous matter (Lower) ;medium-grained sandstone (Upper).
OccuJTence :-Abundant
andcrowded:water worn and fragmental shells com.
mon (Lower) ; few and sporadic; cojoined
bivalves not rare: arranged parallel withthe bedding plane (Upper).
Sampling :-Difficult (Lower); rather easy
(Upper).
Representative species:- Sol ariel/a sp ..
Littorinopsis miodeficatula Qy AC\1.'\. Pro/erato minoensis lTOIGAWA. Mit1·el/anotoensis. n. sp., etc. (Lower) : Oslrea
gravilesta YoKOYA~IA. Dosinia lugaruana
NoMt:RA. etc. (Upper).
Associated fauna :-0/Jercu/ina comp/ana/ajaponica HA!\'ZA \L\ (C*). PsojJhelicus sp.
(fragments-F). Bryozoa (C), Echinoid
spine (C). Calcareous algae (C). etc.
Remarks:-The calcareous granule conglomerate of the lower part graduallychanges to the medium-grained sand·stone of the upper part. From the modeof occurrence it is evident that the lower
molluscan assemblage was transported
to the site of burial. The pelecypod
shells of the lower part arc characterized
by the ~mall shells. The upper mollusc:ln assemblage may r<'present a life
assemblage.

•-Abbreviation: A-Abundant: C-Common ; F -Few; R-Rare.

Locality No. 2.
Right small river cliff near the outlet of asmall tributary, about 500 m south ofNishi-lnnai, Wajima City (Lat. 37"24'21"
N .. Long. 137 '02'38'' E.).
Lithology:- Medium-grainedsandstone
with some carbonaceous matter.
Occurrence:- Common and sporadic but
partly crowded; shell materials dissolved.
Sampling :-Rather difficult.
Representative species :-Anadara cf. makiyamai HATAI and NisiYAMA, Oslrea sp.,
Turrilella cf. yoshidai KoTAKA. etc.
Remarks:- This assemblage represents a
death assem blagc and mar correspondto the upper part of Loc. No. l.

3.

Locality No. 3.
River floor and small road side exposure
at Higashi-lnnai. Wajima City (Lat. 37"
24'34'' N .. Long. 137"03'00" E.).
Lithology:- Very coarse- to mediumgrained sandstone with some carbonaceous matter.
Occurrence :-Abundant and crowded; apparently fresh but isolated bivah•es common : large shells usually arranged
nearly parallel with the bedding plane.
Sampling :-Rather easy.
Representative species :-Saccella saikaien·sis. n. sp .. Anadara makiyamai HATAI
and NISIYA:O.IA. Siraloria siratol'iensis(OTliKA), Leukoma iloigawae TsuDA.
Tel/ina hamadai MAsliDA. Monilea hamadae, n. sp., Litlorinopsis miodelicatula
OYAMA, Net•erita coticazae (MAKIYA~IA).
Cerithium ancisum (YoKOYAMA). etc.
Associated fauna :-Operculina com plana/ajaponica HA:"ZAWA (C). Bryozoa (F).
Psopheticus sp. (fragments-F). etc.
Remarks :-Among the molluscan shells thecojoined shells of Felaniella ferruginata(1\L\KIYA~IA)
and
Tel/inahamadai
MASUDA arc found. This molluscan assemblage may represent a death assembl·
age, although the shells were not transported from a remote place.

4.

Locality No. 4.
Ri,·er cliff. about 500 m west of Tannoji.

509.
WajimaCity

Molluscan Fauna of the Higashi-Innai(Lat. 37'24'33" N..

Small road side cliff at lnomote. Wajima
City (Lat. 37•2<1'48''N., Long. 137"05'13''E.).
Lithology:- Pebbles bearing calcareous
fine-grained sandstone with some carbo·
naceous matter.
Occurrence :-Common and rather crowded:
apparently fresh isolated bivalves andshell fragments common: irregularly
arranged.
Sampling :-Difficult.
Representative species :-Anadara makiyamai HATAI and :'lrJsiYAi\IA. Ostrca cf.
dellselamellosa LISCHKE. Teredo sp ..
Cerithidea sirakii (:VL-\KIYAMA). Cerit!Jium meisense (MAKI\'A~IA). etc.
Remarks :-This assemblage represents a
death assemblage but the shells may
have not been transported from a re·mote place.

Long.

1:~7·03'34'' E.).

Lithology:- Medium-grained sandstone
with a few pebbles to coarse-grainedsandstone with a few sandpipes.
Occurrence :-Common and crowded but
partly sporadic: isolated bivalves andfragmental shells common.
Sampling :-Rather easy.
Representative species :-Ostrea gravitesta
YoKoYAMA. Clinocardium ogurai (OTt'·
I<A), Leukoma itoigawae TsuDA. TurrileiJa yoshidai KoTAKA. Cerithidea sirakii(MAKIYAMA). Dentalium u·einkauffi Dt.::-;KER, etc.
Associated f«una :-Fish bone (R).
Remarks :-Cojoined \'alves of Ostrea grat·itesta YoKOYAMA occur sporadically inthe medium-grained sandstone in therather upper part.
The assemblage
represents a death «ssemblage but therather upper part may represent a life
assemblage.

5.

8.

Locality No. 5.

Locality No. 6.
Small road side exposure near the shrine.
about 500 m north of Kanagura. ·wajima
City (Lat. 37'2·1'36"N., Long. 137'04'48''E.).
Lithology :-:\-ledium- to fine-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Few and sporadic: shellmaterials dissolved: cojoined shells rare:irregularly arranged.
Representative species :-A11adara sp .. C/illocardium sp .. etc.
Sampling :-Difficult.
Remarks :-The molluscan shells are relatively small in size.

7.

Locality No. 7.

Locality No. 8.
Road side exposure. about 300m SE of theshrine, Awagura. Wajima City (Lat. 3i'2o·oo··N .. Long. 137'05'53"E.).
Lithology :-Medium-grained sandstone to·carbonaceous coarse-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Rather common and crowded:
fragmental and isolated bivalves common: irregularlr arranged.
Sampling :-Difficult.
Representative s1>ecies :-Ailculora makiyamai HATAI and -"iiSIYA~tA. Vicaryacallosa japonica YAnE and I·IATAI. Vicaryella notoensis MAsL:IlA, etc.
Remarks:-This assemblage represent:: adeath assemblage.

Ri\·er cliff of the Najimi-gawa at Tannoji,
Wajima City (Lat. 37•24'26'' N.. Long.
137•03'·15" E.).
Lithology :-Medium- to fine-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Few and sporadic: a few
cojoined bivalves: irregularly arranged.
Sampling :-Rather easy.
Representative species :-Acila sp .. Ostreasp., Denlalium weinkauffi Du:-;KER. etc.

6.

271

9.

Locality No. 9.
Ri\·er cliff. about 100m SE of Terayama
Primary School. Terayama. Wajima City
(Lat. 37"25'23"N .. Long. 137•07'54''E.).
Lithology :-Coarse- tomedium-grainedsandstone with much carbonaceous matter (Lower) : conglomeratic sandstone
with a few silicified woods (Middle):
calcareous very coarse-grained sandstone
with shell fragments (UpJ>er).
Occurrence :-Common and crowded: apparently fresh shells common (Lower) :few and sporadic (Middle): few andsporadic: fragmental shells common (Up-/{6ichiro MASU!J1l

272

per).
Sampling :-Rather easy (Lower and l\Iiddle): difficult (Upper).
Representative species :-]oannisiella meisellsis Mc\KIYAMA. Cycli1zajaponica KA~IA­
J>A, Vicarya callosa japonica YAm: andII,\ T AI. Vicaryel/a notoensis i'vlASlJDA.
Polinices meisensis MAKIYA~IA,
etc.
(Lower) ; Polinices meisensis MAKIYA~IA(:\Iiddle): Ostrea sp. (Upper).
Associated fauna :-Operculina complanata.iaponica HA:-<ZAWA (F), Echinoid spine(C), etc. (Upper).
Remarks :-The shell fragments in theupper part can hardly be determined.
They represent a death assemblage. The
lower assemblage represents a death
assemblage but it probably was nottransported from a remote place considered from the preservation of fossils.
The middle as:;cmblage may represent alife assemblage.

10.

Locality No. 10.

River cliff. about 600 m east of Terayama
Primary School, Sarugaba, Wajima City
(Lat. 37•25'30" N., Long.~Long. Ja7•08'l0''E.).

Lithology :-Silty fine- to medium-grainedsandstone with much carbonaceous matter (Lower); conglomeratic very coarsegrained sandstone with boulders (Upper).
Occurrence :-Common but not crowded:
shell fragments and isolated bivalvescommon (Upper); common and sporadic:
cojoined yalves of Ostrea not rare
(Lower).
Sampling :-Rather easy (Lower): easy
(Upper).
Representative species :-Ostrea sp., Teredo
sp.. Vicaryel/a 11otoensis 1\L-\SI;D.\. etc.
(Lower): Chlamys iwamurensis lToiGA\\'A, Ostrea ct. denselamellosa LISCIIKE,
T11rbo ozawai OTUKA. Rissoina naomiae,n. sp., Cerithium c111cisum (YoKOYA~IA),
etc. (Upper).
Associat::d fauna :-Operculina complanata
japonica HA;o.;Z:\ w A (F). Echinoid spine(C). Calcareous algae (F), etc. (Upper).
Remarks :-l'ermetus sp. attached to apebble and cojoinecl Katelysia nakamurai
are found and the shell bearing
conglomeratic sandstone fills the space
bet ween boulders in the upper part.
The molluscan assemblage of the upper
part may represent a mixture of thelife and death assemblages. The molluscs of the lower part may represent alife assemblage.
lKEBr::

11.

Locality No. 11.

Small road side exposure, about 700 m
south of Kanagura, \Vajima City (Lat.
37•23'57''N., Long. 137'01'37-"E.).
Lithology :-Silty line- to medium-grainedsandstone with much carbonaceous matter.
Occurrence :-Few and sporadic: shellmaterials dissolved: arranged nearlyparallel with the bedding plane.
Sampling :-Rather ditlicult.
Representative species :-Anadara makiyamai HATAI and NISIYA:!\1.\, l'icarya callosa japonica YAUI·: and ll.-\TAI, Vicaryel/a notoensis M.\SIJDA. etc.

12.

Locality No. 12.

Northern cliff of the closed Machino Coall\line, about 300m we~t of Tokunari,
Wajima City (Lat. 37•2.t·oo··x .. Long. 137•
05'2,1'' E.).
Lithology :-Sandy siltstone to silty linegrained sandstone with much carbonaceous matter.
Occurrence :-Common and crowded but
partly sporadic: cojoined biyaJves andapparently fresh shells common.
Sampling :-Rather easy.
Representative species :-A.nadara kurosedaniensis HATAI and Nls!YA~I.\, Brachidontes sp., Clementia japonica MAsl:DA,
Cyclina japonica K,ufADA, Tel/ina hamadai MAsUDA, Cultellus izumoensis Yor<oY:\~IA, Littorinopsis miodelicatula OYAMA,
Teinostoma yabei 1\'IAst:DA, l'icarya callosa japonica YAuE and HATAI. Vicaryel/a notoensis MAsUDA, Nassarius noloensis MAst:DA, etc.
Remarks:-Judging from the occurrence
the molluscan assemblage may represent

509.

Molluscan Fauna of the Higashi-lnnai.

a life assemblage or it has been not
subjected the transportation from aremote place.

13.

Locality No. 13.

Small river cliff and ri\·er floor. ncar theclosed ;\iachino Coal }\fine. southwest of
Tokunari. \Vajima City (Lat. 3i'23'-19"~ ..
Long. 13i'05'25"E.).
Lithology :-Silty fine-grained sandstone
with much carbonaceous matter.
Occurrence :-Common and crowded: cojoined bivalves common: arranged nearlyparallel with the bedding plane.
Sampling :-Rather difficult.
Representative species :-Anadara kurosedaniensis ll.-\TAI and NtsiYA:I.tA, Vicarya
cal/osajafwnica Y . \fiE and H.\TAt, Vicaryel/a notoensis l\L'\Sl'DA. etc.
Remarks :-The mollu;;can shells from thislocality mainll· consist of cojoined bivalves. apparently fresh isolated bivalves
or apparently fresh shells, The molluscan assemblage of this locality consists of rather fewer number of species
and rather larger number of individuals
compared with that of Locality No. 12.

14.

Locality l\'o. 11.

Small road side exposure. about 500 m SWSof 210.8 triangle point, northwest of
Tokunari. Wajima City (Lat. 37'24'08''N ..
Long. 137'1l5'25"E.).
Lithology :-~1edium- to fine-grained sandstone with much carbonaceous matter.
Occurrence :-Rather common and sporadic:
shell materials dissoh·ed: arranged parallel with the bedding plane.
Sampling :-Rather difficult.
Representati \'e species :-Anadara sp .. Soletel/ina minoensis YoKOYA~IA, 'Vicaryellanotoensis MASt:DA, etc.
Remarks:-This molluscan assemblage may
represent a death assemblage but they
were probably not transported from aremote place as the shells mainly consist of apparently fresh shells.

15. Locality No. 15.
Small cliff nea1- stream, about 1.5 km SES
of (>nishiyama. Wajima City (Lat. 37'23'

10"N., Long. 137'03'·15"E.).
Lithology :-Coarse-grained sandstone withmuch carbonaceous matter.
Occurrence :-Common and crowded: shellmaterials dissolved: fragmental shells
rather common.
Sampling :-Rather difficult.
Hepresentativc ;;pccics :-Anadara makiyamai HATAI :~nd l\tstL\~lA. Ostrea sp ..
Clemerrtia sp .. Dentalium weinkau_(ti Dt•:-;KER. etc.
Hemarks :-Judging from the occurrence
the molluscan shells may repre~ent a
mixture of the life and death assemblages.

16.

Locality 1'\o. 16.
River floor, about 700 m northwe~l ofHizumewaki. Yanaida-mura. Fugeshi-gun(Lat. 37'22'57''N., Long. l37'0·1'34''E.).
Lithology :-Fine- to medium-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Few and sporadic: shellmaterials dissolved: isolated bi\·al\•es andfragmental shells common.
Sampling :-Rather ditlicult.
Represen Lative species :-Anadara makiyamai HATAI and XlSIYA~tA, Clementia
sp., etc.

17.

Locality No. 17.

Small cliff. about 300m west of IIizumewaki, Yanaida-mura, Fugeshi-gun (Lat.
37'22'36''~ .. Long. 137'04'49"E.).
Lithology :-Silty fine-grained sandstone
with so,me carbonaceous matter.
Occurrence :-Few and sporadic: shellmatei·ials dissolved.
Sampling :-Difficult.
Representative
species:- Anadara sp ..
l'icaryella sp., etc.

18. Locality No. 18.
Small road side exposure along the small
stream at Ishii. Yanaida-mura, Fugeshigun (Lat. 37'22'05"N .. Long 137'06'08"£.).
Lithology :-Glauconite bearing tuffaceouscoarse-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Common and crowded: shellmaterials dissolved: isolated and wate1·
worn shells common: arranged nearlyKuichi-ro MASUDA

274

parallel with the bedding plane.
Sampling :-Rather easy.
Representative species :-Ostrea sp., Crassatellites suyame11sis 01:-.-0~IIKADO. Clinocardium sp., etc.
Associated fauna :-Aphrocallistes sp. (A).
Carcltarodon megalodon (CHARLESWORTH)(R). etc.

.19.

Locality No. 19.

Small river cliff near road extending from
Sasagawa to \Vasumi. Sasagawa. Yanaida-mura, Fugeshi-gun (Lat. 37'21'39"N.,Long.137'06'10"E.).
Lithology :-Glauconite bearing tuffaceous
medium· to fine-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Few and sporadic: shellmaterials dissolved: isolated bivalves andfragmental shells common.
Sampling :-Rather difficult.
Representative species :-Placopecten pro·
tomollitus (No~IURA), Delectopecten peck·hami (GAlin), etc.
Associated fauna :-Aphrocallistes sp. (A),Terebratulina honsyuensis XOML'RA andliATAI (F). etc.
Remarks :-Perfect sponges and sponge
fragments arranged parallel with thebedding plane.

20.

Locality No. 20.

Cliff of the Kanmachi Primary SGhool
ground and a small road side exposure,
Wasumi. Yanaida-mura.
Fugeshi-gun(Lat. 37"20'54"N., Long. 137'06'45''£.).
Lithology :-Glauconite bearing tuffaceous
fine-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Common and sporadic but
partly crowded: cojoined bivalves andapparently fresh shells common.
Sampling :-Easy to rather easy.
Representative species :-Glycymeris diretiel a (YOKOYA~IA), Kotorapecten kagami·
anus mo11iwaensis (MAsUDA), Limatulaminoensis ITOIGAWA, Tlr.vasira sp., etc.
Associated fauna :-Terebratulina honsyuensis NoMURA and llATAI (F), Otolithssp. (F). Fish scale (F). Aphrocallistes ~p.
(A). etc.
Remarks:-The molluscan assemblage ofthis locality may represent a life as·semblage but the sponges were probablytransported from elsewhere.

22.

Locality No. 21.

River side cliff. \Vasumi, Yanaida-mura,Fugeshi·gun (Lat. 37"20'58"X., Long. 137'
06'52''£.).
Lithology :-Glauconite bearing tuffaceoustine-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Common and sporadic: isolated bivalves common but apparently
fresh: arranged irregularly.
Sampling :-Easy.
Representative species :-Ostrea sp.
Associated fauna :-Apllrocal/istes sp. (A),Terebra/ulina honsyuensis No~IURA and
I-lATA! (C). Coptothyris grayi (DAVID·
SON) (F), etc.
Remarks:-This molluscan assemblage ischaracterized by the small shells.

22.

Locality No. 22.

Small river cliff near road, about 700 m
south of Kyuden. Yanaida-mura, Fugeshigun (Lat. 37'21'·12"N .. Long. l37'09'02"E.).
Lithology :-Massive sandy siltstone withcarbonaceous matter.
Occurrence :-Common and rather crowded;
shell materials dissolved; cojoined bi·
valves not rare: arranged irregularly.
Sampling :-Rather easy.
Representative species :-A11adara sp., Saxolucina k-hataii (0Tt:J\A), Raeta sp., ;\facoma. sp, etc.

23.

Locality No. 23.

River cliff, about 1 km SES of Mukaiyama.
Suzu City (Lat. 37'28'05''N., Long. 137'06'
39"E.).
Lithology :-Granule conglomerate to \·erycoarse-grained sandstone with lignite
fragments(Lower) ; medium-grainedsandstone (Upper).
Occurrence :-Abundant
andcrowded;isolated bivalves. water worn and fragmental shells common but apparently
fresh and cojoined bivalves not rare
(Lower): rare and sporadic; shell materials disolved (Upper).

50/J.

Molluscan Fan1w of the Hiyashi-fnnai

Sampling :-Rather easy.
Representative species :-Sacce/la saikaiensis. n. sp .. Anadara makiyamai l-lATAI
and NtstYA~IA, Chlamys iwamurensis
lTOIGAWA. Ostrea cf. denselame/losa
LtscHKE, Pillucina yokoyamai (On:KA),
Clinocardium ogurai (OTUK,\), Dosinia
tugaruana 2\'o~tURA. Clementia japonica
MAst:DA. Leukoma itoigawae TsUDA,
Paphia suzuensis. n. sp., Siratoria siraloriensis (OTUK.\), Tel/ina
ltamadai
1\L\SUDA, Ficarye/la ishiiana (YoKoYA~tA). Cerithidea sirakii (lVIAKIYAMA).
Batillaria toshioi. n. sp., Cerithium ancisum (YoKoY,\~!A). Pachycrommium japonicum K.'\1'\:"0, Neverita coticazae (MAKIYAMA). Phos zzotoensis. n. sp., Dentalium
zceinkauffi Dc:xKER, etc. (Lower) : Paphia
sp .. Clinocardium sp., etc. (Upper).
Remarks :-A large sized Ostrea gravitesta
YoKOYA~tA is found in the mediumgrained sandstone immediately overlying
the mollusc-rich bearing granule conglomerate to very coarse-grained sandstone.
The molluscan shells of thelower part represent a death assemblage
but may have not been transported fromvery remote places.

24.

Locality No. 2-1.

River cliff. about 500 m east of Fujio, Suzu
City (Lat. 37"27'59"2\., Long. 137c07'40"E.).
Lithology:- Coarse- to medium-grainedsandstone with abundant plant fragments(Uppermost): conglomeratic very coarsegrained sandstone or pebble conglomerate(Upper) ; cakareous coarse- to mediumgrained sandstone (Middle): medium- toline-grained sandstone with much carbonaceous matter (Lower).
Occurrence :-Few and sporadic: arranged
parallel with the bedding plane (Uppermost) : abundant and crowded ; apparently fresh shells not rare (Upper); abundant and crowded: fragmental shells
common (Middle): common and crowded
but partly sporadic: isolated bivalvescommon (Lower).
Sampling :-Rather easy (Uppermost. Upperand Middle): rather difficult (Lower).

275

Representative ~pecies :-Ostrea sp .. Maco·
IIW sp.. Ficarya callosa japozrica YABI::
and liATAt. Vicaryella noloensis MAsuDA. etc. (Uppermost) : Anadara makiyamai liATAI and ~!SIYA~IA, Dosinia akaisiana No:o.ll'IL\, Leukoma itoigau·ae TsuD.-\, Turbo ozawai 0TUKA (shell-F.
operculum-A), Littorinopsis miodelicalula OYA\!A, Architectonica kurodae
TsuDA. Cerithium ancisum (YOKOYAMA).
Pachycrommium japonicum KA:'>i:'-10, Neveriltl coticazae (MAKIYA:I-IA), Strigatella
noloensis. n. sp .. O/ir1a osawanoensis TsuDA.
Courts tokuzwgai 0-rL:K.\, Denta/ium weinkauffi DuNKER. etc. (Upper): Chlamys
ircamurensis lTnJGAW,\, Ostrea cf. denselamellosa LtsCfiKE. Clinocardirun ogurai(OTuKA), Dosinia akaisiana Nol>tURA.
Leukoma itoigawae TsuDA, etc. (Middle) :Oslrea sp., Anisocorbula peregrina (YuKOYA~IA), Vicarye/la ishiiana (YOKOYAl>IA). Nassarius noloezrsis MAsUDA. etc.
(Lower).
Associated fauna :-Protolobophyllia sp. (F),Meandera sp. (F). Operculina com/J[a11ata
japonica I-J,\ :-;z,\ \\' '' (F). Miogypsina koioi
I-IA:-fZAW A (C). Psopheticus sp. (fragment-F). Bryozoa (C), Echinoid spine (C).
etc. (Upper): apercu/ina complanata
japonica IIA:"ZAWA (C). Bryozoa (C).
Echinoid spine (C). Psopheticus sp. (fragment-F). etc. (Middle).
Remarks:-The molluscan shells of theuppermost part may r<.!present a life assemblage. Those of the lower part may
represent a mixture of the life and death
assemblages. From the field observation
it is considered that the molluscan shells
from the tq>per and middle parts represent a death assemblage.

25. Locality No. 25.
Small road side exposure, about 500 m southof Nekogatake mountain. Suzu City (Lat.
37•27'5-l"N., Long. l37'08'16"E.).
Lithology :-Medium- to tine-grained sandstone to sandy siltstone.
Occurrence :-Few and sporadic: co joined
bivalves not rare: shell materials disolved: arranged nearly parallel with the1\oichi.rv MASUIJII

27fi

bedding plane.
Sampling :-Rather difficult.
Representative species :-Aci/a sp.. Crassatellites suyamensis 0IKO:\IIKADO, Leukoma itoigawae TsUDA, etc.

26.

Locality No. 26.

Road side cliff. about 500 m ENE of Kakuma, Suzu City (Lat. 37'28'30"N.. Long.
137•08'50''E.).
Lithology:- Conglomeratic
calcareouscoarse-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Rare and sporadic.
Sampling :-Difllcult.
J~cpresentative specie;; :-Ostrea sp.
Associated fauna :-.\liogypsina kotoi HA;o.;ZAWA (C), Astryclypeus manni minoensis
MoRISIIITA (C), Calcareou;; algae (A).
etc.

27.

Locality No. 27.

I~iver cliff. about 250m south of the Primary

School. Shimizu, Suzu City (Lat. 37"29'
12"N., Long. 137•07'4&''E.).
Lithology:- Conglomeratic coarseto
medium-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Few and sporadic.
Sampling :-Dit1icult.
Representative species :-Ostrea gral'itesta
YoKOYA:>.tA, Leukoma itoigawae Tst:DA,
etc.
Associated fauna :-Miogypsina kotoi HA~­ZA\\'A (A). ilstryclypeus manni minoensis
MoRISHITA (C). Echinoid spine (C). etc.

28.

Locality No. 28.

I~ivertloor, about 500 m west of Doguchi,
Suzu City (Lat. 37'29'00".\'., Long. 137'
0935''E.).
Lithology :-Calcareous medium. to coarsegrained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Rare.
Sampling :-Difficult.
l~epresentative species :-Euche/us 110/oensis.
n. sp.
Associated fauna :-Miogypsiila koloi liA!':·zAwA (A). Aslryclypeus manni minoensis
MoRISHITA (C), Calcareous algae (C). etc.
Remarks :-Aiiogypsina kotoi HANZA\L\ iscrowded in the sandstone and associatedwith calcareous algae and sporadicallywith Aslryclypeus manni minoensis MoRISHITA.

29.

Locality No. 29.

Small exposure near the junction of two
small roads ncar the summit, south of
Sakaishiyama, Suzu City (Lat. 37'29'17''
N .. Long. 137'09'07"E.).
Lithology :-Conglomeratic coarse-grained~andstone.

Occurrence :-Rather common but sporadic:
shell materials disso(yed: irregularly arranged: cojoined hivalYes rare.
Sampling :-Diftlcult.
Hcprcsentative species :-Oslrea sp .. Felaniella ferruginata (MAKIYAMA), Leukoma
itoigau·ae TsUDA, etc.

30.

Locality No. 30.

Road side cutting near K6eiji Temple.
Otani. Suzu City (Lat. 37"29'4l"N., Long.
137'10'28"E.).
Litholog~r :-Granule to pebble conglomerateof subrounded pebbles or conglomeraticvery coarse-grained sandstone filling therounded boulders (Lower): mediumgrained sandstone (Upper).
Occurrence :-Common and crowded; water
worn and fragmental shells common(Lower): few and sporadic (Upper).
Sampling :-Rather easy.
Representative species :-lllladara makiyamai l-IATAI and NlsiYA1\IA, Oslrea cf.
dense/amellosa LlsClli<E, Ctena hataii, n.
sp .. Felaniella ferruginata (MAKIYA:-IA).
Clinocardium ogurai (OTUKA), Leukoma
itoig01cae TsuDA, Turbo ozalt'ai OTUKA.
Nerita ishidae, n. sp., Littorinopsis miodelicatula 0YA:<.IA, Rissoina naomiae, n. sp ..
Cerithidea kanpokueusis 1'1AKIYAM.o\, Cerilhium ancisum (YoKOYA\!A), Pachycrommium japonicum KA.,;:--;o. Pro/erato miiiO·
ensis lTOIGAWA, Conus tokunagai 0TUKA,
etc. (Lower); Ostrea grat'itesta YoKOYA~IA(Upper).
Associated fauna:- Pro/olobophyllia sp.
(C) : DendrojJhyllia sp. (F). Mon/astrea
sp. (F), Psopheticus sp. (fragment-F).
Operculina comp/anata japonica IIANZA·
WA (C), Bryozoa (C), Balanids (F), Echinoid spine (C), Calcareous algae (C), etc.

509.

Molluscan Fauna of the 1-Iiuashi-Jnnai(Lower); Calcareous algae (Upper).
Remarks:-The lithological facies at thislocality are variable both laterally andvertically. The molluscan shells of thislocality represent a death assemblage.

31. Locality No. 31.
Sea cliff facing the north, near main roadat Kunnagade, Suzu City (Lat. 37•30'12''
N .. Long. 137•12' 28"E.).
Lithology :-Alternation of sandstone andsiltstone with sporadic fossil bearing
concretions.
Occurence :--Few and sporadic: arranged
parallel with the bedding plane.
Sampling :-Rather easy.
Representative species :-Solemya tokunagai
YoKOYAMA. Mizuhojlec/en kimurai liganouraensis (NAKAMllRA). Teredo sp., etc.
Associated fauna :-Psophelicus sp. (C).

32. Locality No. 32.
Small road side exposure, about 200m southof the Primary School. Matsunagi. Suzu
Cit}' (Lat. 37•30'12"N .. Long. 137•13'14"
E.).

Lithology :-Pebble to granule conglomerateconsisting of subrounded pebbles withsubangular cobbles.
Occurrence :-Common and crowded but
partly sporadic; isolated bivalves, water
worn and fragmental shells common.
Sampling :-Rather easy.
Representative species :-Ostrea cf. dcnselame/losa LisCHKE, Felaniella jerruginata (MAKIYA:\IA). Leukoma itoigawae
TsuDA, Turbo ozau•ai 0Tt;KA. Nerita
ishidae, n. sp.. Sertmlorbis sp.. Conus
tolwnagai 0TUI<A. etc.
Associated fauna :-Prololobophyllia sp. (F),Monlastrea sp. (F). Lobophyllia? sp. (R).
Operculina complanata japonica HA:-IZAWA (C). Echinoid spine (C), Bryozoa(C). Calcareous algae (F). etc.
Remarks :-The molluscan shells represent a death assemblage.

33. Locality No. 33.
Road cutting at Wanizaki. Suzu City (Lat.
37"30'36"N., Long. 137"13'28"E.).
Lithology :-Granule conglomerate to con-277

glomeratic very coarse-grained sandstone
filling the spaces among the boulders
or cobbles (Lower) ; alternation of sandstone and siltstone with fossil bearing
concretions (Upper).
Occurrence :-Few and sporadic: isolated
bivalves common but cojoincd bivalves
not rare (Lower) ; few and sporadic;
arranged parallel with the bedding plane(Upper).
Sampling:- Rather difficult(Lower)~rather easy (Upper).
Representative species :-Giycymeris direlicta (YoKOYAJ\tA). Oslrea cf. denselame/losa LISCIIKE, Turbo OZOlcai OTI.:Io;A.
Nerita ishidae, n. sp., Polinices meisensis
MAKIYA~IA. etc. (Lower); Portlandia cf.
enaensis KAliiAD.\, Modiolus wanizakiensis.
n. sp., Lucinoma acutilineatum (Cor-;R,\D).
Teredo sp., Shichiheia etchuensis HATAI
and NISIYAl\IA, etc. (Upper).
Associated fauna :-Operculina complanata
japonica HAXZAWA (F). Echinoid spine(F) (Lower): Psojlheticus sp. (C) (Upper).
Remarks:- Small oysters are found attached to boulders. The molluscan shellsof the lower part may represent a mix-ture of the life and death assemblages.

34. Locality No. 34.
Cliff facing the small road near Fushimigawa, about 500 m west of Fushimi. Suzu
City (Lat. 37"27'33"N .. Long. 137•21'01"
E.).
Lithology :-Very coarse-grained sandstone
with pebble conglomerate layers.
Occurrence:- Few and sporadic; shellmaterials dissolved: isolated bi\·alves andwater worn shells common.
Sampling :-Difficult.
Representative species:- Anadara sp ..
Cerithidea cf. sirakii (MAKIYA:\IA). etc.

35. Locality No. 35.
Sea coast. about 500 m north of the outletof the Fushimi-gawa, Konami. Suzu Cit~·(Lat. 37"27'48''N., Long. 137"21'25"E.).
Lithology :-Alternation of pebble conglomerate with boulders and conglomeratic\·cry coarse-grained sandstone with somefragmentel silicified woods and lignite

278

Koichiro iliASUDA

fragments.
Occurrence:- Common
andcrowded;isolated bivalves and fragmental shells
rather common but cojoincd bivalves andapparently fresh shells not rare.
Sampling :-Rather difficult.
Representative species :-Anadara cf. daitokudoensis (MAKIYA~lA), Ostrea sp., Clinocardium ogurai (OTUKA), Venerupis
takagii (MASUDA), Anisocorbula peregrina(YoJ<OYA~IA).
Turbo ozawai 0TUI<A,
Littorinopsis miodelicatula OYAMA, Cerithidea sirakii (MAKIYAMA). Pachycrommium japonicum KANNo, Mitrella notoensis, n. sp., Conus tokunagai 0TUKA. etc.
Associated fauna :-Protolobophyllia sp. (C),lvfeandera sp. (C), Alveopola ? sp. (F),
Ortlastrea? sp. (F), etc.
Remarks :-Turbo ozawai OTVKA with theoperculum in the shell is not rare. The
molluscan shells from this locality may
represent a mixture of the death andlife assemblages.

:36.

Locality No. 36.

River cliff near small road, about 600 m
SSE of Kakuma, Suzu City (Lat. 37'29'
02"N., Long. 137'08'46"E.).
Lithology:-Very coarse-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Rather common and sporadic
but partly crowded; isolated bivalves
but apparently fresh shells common.
Sampling :-Rather difficult.
Representative species :-Ostrea cf. denselamellosa LrscHJ<E, Aequipecten matsunagiensis, n. sp., Anisocorbula ohiroi, n. sp.,
Myadora suzuensis, n. sp .. Dentalium weinkauffi Du:-;KER, etc.
Associated fauna :-Operculina complanata
japonica HAr-:zAwA (A). Miogypsina kotoi
HAXZA\\'A (F). Bryozoa (A), Echinoid
spine (C). Psopheticus sp. (fragment-F).
etc.
Remarks :-The molluscan shells represent
a death assemblage.

37. Locality No. 37.
Small road side exposure, about 500 m
i·Outhwest of Kendaradake mountain,
Yoshiro, Suzu City (Lat. 37'28'00 11 N.,Long.
137'09'23"E.).

Lithology:- Coarse- to medium-grainedsandstone with some carbonaceous matter.
Occurrence :-Common and sporadic; shellmaterials dissolved; isolated bivalvescommon.
Sampling :-Rather easy.
Representative species :-Anadara makiyamai HATAI and NrsiYAI\IA, Ostrea sp.,
Clinocardium ogurai (OTUKA), Paphia
euglypta ohiroi, n. subsp., Leukoma itoigawae TsuDA. Macoma sp., Tellina notoensis MAsUDA, etc.

38.

Locality No. 38.

Small exposure near the stream. about 300
m south of Sotonoyama, Suzu City (Lat.
37'27'52"N., Long. 137'09 58"E.).
Lithology :-Coarse-grained sandstone.
Occurrence :-Rather common and sporadic
but partly crowded; shell materials
dissolved: isolated bivalves and shellfragments common: arranged irregularly.
Sampling :-Rather difficult.
Representative species :-Paphia euglypta
ohiroi. n. subsp .. Leukoma itoigawae TsliDA, Macoma sp., Dentalium weinkauffi
DUNKER, etc.

39.

Locality No. 39.

Small river cliff. about 700 m SWS of Kobunayama. Suzu City (Lat. 37•28'12"N.,Long. 137"10'45"E.).
Lithology :-Coarse-grained sandstone with
granules and much carbonaceous matter(Lower) ; very coarse-grained sandstone
with some carbonaceous matter (Middle) :alternation of sandstone and siltstone(Upper).
Occurrence :-Common and crowded: shellmaterials dissoh·ed (Lower); abundantand crowded; isolated bivalves and alittle water worn shells common (Middle) ; few and sporadic: shell materials
dissolved; cojoined bivalves not rare
(Upper).
Sampling:- Rather
difficult (Lower) :rather easy (l'1'1iddle and Upper).
Representative species :-Pillucina yokoyamai (On:KA), Cerithidea tokunariensis
l'VIASUDA.
etc. (Lower); Ostrea, sp.
Monilea yoshioi, n. sp., Tlicaryella ishiiana

509.

.v!olluscan Fauna of the Higashi-Innai(YoKOYA~IA). Datil/aria toshioi. n. sp ..
etc. (Middle) ; Paphia euglypta ohiroi. n.
subsp .. Shichiheia etchuensis HATAI andNJsJYA:I.IA. etc. (Upper).
Associated fauna :-Operculina complanata
japonica HA:-.:ZAWA (F), Miogypsina kotoi
HA:-.:ZAWA (C), Astryclypeus manni minoensis MoRJSIIITA (F), Echinoid spine(C), etc. (Upper part of the Middle).
Remarks:-The molluscan shells of thelower and middle parts represent a death
assemblage but those of the upper partmay represent a life assemblage or atleast they were not transported from aremote place. The associated fauna suchas foraminifers. echinoids. etc. occur fromthe calcareous sandstone immediately
overlying the middle part do not occur
in association with the molluscs.

(b) Stratigraphic relations of thefossi I localities
The fossil localities are widely distributed in the present field and can beclassified into four stratigraphic positions
which for the sake of convenience arecalled horizons in this work. At Fujio.
the type locality of the Fujio tvlember,four fossil beds in sequence are recog·
nized but at other localities the same
number or fossil beds are not always
observed. One fossil bed at a given
locality may be represented by one totwo or more fossil beds at another lo·
cality probably due to the differences in
the conditions of deposition.
From the stratigraphic relations andthe lateral and yertical changes of lithologic facies of the Higashi-Innai Formation the under mentioned four fossil
horizons can be established and the fossil
beds can be grouped into them. Here.
the term horizon is used to denote thesame or nearly same stratigraphic position or level.
1.

First horizon

279

This is represented by the lower fossil
bed at Fujio (Loc. No. 24) and is characterized by the carbonaceous sandstone
or conglomerate with some molluscan
shells and rather thick conglomerate intercalated with siltstone and sandstone
in associated with lignite or much carbonaceous matter \Vithout molluscan
shells. A thin pumice tuff layer isdeveloped in the lower part.
The thickness of this horizon in thenorthern area usually exceeds that of thesouthern area, though there are some
exceptions. The lignite beds are welldeveloped in the vicini ties of Terayama
and Nakao, and the lignite seams ofsome other places may have been deposited during this stage.
The fossil beds of this horizon are
rather narrowly distributed and only thelower part of Loc. Nos. 9. 10. z,l and 39
belong to this horizon.
2. Second horizon
This horizon is represented by the
middle to upper fossil beds of Loc. No.
24 and is characterized by conglomerate.
conglomeratic sandstone and very coarseto coarse-grained sandstone. Abundantmolluscan shells and other fossils suchas corals, echinoids. bryozoans. larger
foraminifers. calcareous algae, etc. were
yielded from this horizon in the northernarea. But in the southern area thishorizon is characterized by conglomerate,
sandstone and sandy siltstone associatedwith well developed lignite beds. !VIoltuscan shells are abundant in the sandstone or sandy siltstone but larger foraminifers, corals and other fossils were
not observed.
The fossil beds of this horizon are
widely distributed and the main fossil
beds in the present field belong to thishorizon. The fossil beds of Loc. Nos~
1. 2. 3, 'l. 5. 6, 11, 12. 13, 14. 15. 16, 17. 25,

280](~ichiri'J

26, 28, 29, 30. 32. 35. 36. lower part of
Loc. Nos. 7, 8. 23. 33, upper and middle
parts of Loc. No. 9, upper part of Loc.
No. 10 and middle part of Loc. No. 39
belong to this horizon.
3. Third horizon
This horizon is represented by theuppermost part of Loc. No. 24 and ischaracterized by medium- to fine-grainedsandstone in the lower part and in theupper part of an alternation of sand·stone and siltstone. The uppermost
fossil bed of Loc. No. 24. upper part of
Loc. Nos. 7, 8, 23 and others belong to
the lower part of this horizon but theupper part of Loc. Nos. 33 and 39 andLoc. No. 31 are included into the upper
part of this horizon. !'vlolluscan shells
are usually found in the concretions in
the alternation of sandstone and siltstoneof the lower part of the horizon.
The molluscan shells of this horizon
are usually very few in number of both
species and individuals and other kinds
of fossils are hardly found.
4. Fourth horizon
The fossil beds of Loc. Nos. 18, 19, 20.
21 and 22 are included into this horizon
and are generally characterized by theglauconite bearing tuffaceous coarse- tomedium-grained sandstone. Exceptionally the molluscan shells from Loc. No. 22
occur in the sandy siltstone with muchcarbonaceous matter.
The fossil beds of this horizon are
restricted in their distribution to therather narrow southern area and theycorrespond to the Akagami l\1udstone
Member in the northern area.
The molluscan shells are rather abundant in both species and individuals.
The abundant occurrence of fossil
sponges is characteristic in this horizon
but other fossils such as corals, larger

MASLDA

foraminifers, etc. do not occur.
(3)

Faunal List

The molluscan shells and other fossils
are listed in Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 withremarks on their frequency, etc. Fromthe lligashi-lnnai Formation a total 124
determined species and 63 indeterminable species of molluscs (Pelecypods, Gastropods, Scaphopods) among which 34
species and one subspecies of pelecypods and gastropods were found to be
new to science. Discriminated among
the fossil fauna are two species ofbrachiopods. seven genera of corals. two
species of larger foraminifers. one species of crabs, one species of sponges,
one species of echinoids. one species ofshark's teeth, fish bone, fish scale,otoliths, balanids and calcareous algae.
The smaller Foraminifera known fromthis formation have been studied by
ASAI\0 (1953).
(4)

Size-frequency Distributionof Some Species

Among the molluscan species the following one which have rather wide
distribution and occur in abundancewere studied with regard to their sizefrequency distribution.
(a) Anadara makiyamai HATAI
and NISIYAMAThis species occurs in the second horizon and its size-frequency distribution
curve is shown in Fig. 6. The figure
shows that the specimens are generally
small in size compared with the typespecimens from the 1-Ieirokudo Mioceneof North Korea. The specimens from
Loc. Nos. 7, 23 and 39 are usually about
12 to 22 mm in length of shell, but thosefrom Loc. Nos. 3, 24 and 30 are usually

509.

Molluscan Panna of the Hiaashi-lnnai.

__ ,.. ___ 1.0C:..N0.5

h

I\
I I
I I
I
I

I
I

-·-·-·-

LO~·No.fI••,- - LOC.HO-U- - - - - LOC'. NO. Z.oJ-·-·-·- I.OC. NO. ll--LOC.NO.JS

\

I
'
'

- - - - LOC..N0_30

I
I
I

~

,,,'
'

- - · · - - LOC,NO.U

>

\\

I
I
I

I
I

t

,
1

•

I
I

I
I '

I

I
I

1
1

I
I

'

'1

,

I

,,

I

:

/r_/

'i\

,

!\ \

//'"''--,

1/

I~ ... \'

j'\'.ilr--

f
0

281

•
IUX\:111\,JIIII

•
W101~

1Z
OF

OP"tRCU..UW.. -Fig. 6. Size-frequency distribution curves of
Anadara makiyamai HATAI and Ntsl\'A~IA.

Fig. 7. Size-frequency distribution curves
of Turbo ozau·ai On:KA.

about 3 to 11 mm in length of shell.
Cojoined valves are hardly found. The
specimens from Loc. Nos. 24 and 30 showrather narrow range in length of shell,
while those from Loc. Nos. 3, 7 and 23
a rather wide range.
The specimens from Loc. Nos. 24 and30 occur in a conglomerate, while thosefrom Loc. Nos. 3 and 23 are found in
granule conglomerate to coarse-grainedsandstone and their shells usually appear
rather fresh. Considering from the sizefrequency distribution curves and thelithological characters, the specimensfrom Loc. No. 2-1 and 30 seem to havebeen transported from a rather remoteplace but those from the other localities
from only a short distance.
(b) Leukoma itoigau:ae TSUDA
The shells of this species from various
localities are nearly equal in size andthey are found in conglomeratic very
c:>arse- to fine-grained sandstone. It is
more common in the northern area thanin the southern one.
(c) Turbo ozawai OTUKAThis species occurs from the second
horizon and the size frequency distribu-

tion curve of its opercula is sho\vn in
Fig. 7. Its distribution is rather narrow.
This species is represented by the shells
and opercula. Usually both are foundat the same locality but at Loc. No. 33
only the opercula occur and at Loc. Nos.
I and 3 only the shells. In general theopercula are m:>re abundant than theshells.
The opercula from Loc. No. 35 arelarger than those from the other localities. The opercula from Loc. No. 21 areabundant and mostly of small size, andthose from Loc. No. 32 range from large
to small in size. The opercula from
Loc. Nos. 30, 32 and 35 nearly correspondwith the shells in size. The operculum
still in the shell is sometimes found at
Loc. No. 35.
From the statements just given it may
be inferred that the sp=cimens fro:nLoc. Nos. 32 and 35 were probably
buried in the environments in which
they lived or at least they were nottransported from a remote place. Thosefrom the other localities form a thanatocoenosis.
(d)Littorinopsis miodelicatula Qy Al\lA

Koichin) MASUDA

282

,.

..

-··-··-·· LOC.. N!).l

I
II-·-·-·- I.OC H'C 3--l.OC.N024

i\j\- - - - - l0C.N0.30

10

If NW
H(IQH1' Off

ltCLL

Fig. 8. Size.frequency distribution curvesof Littori11opsis miodelicatu/a OYAMA.

This species is widely distributed in
the present field. The size- frequency
distribution curve shown in Fig. 8 showsthat the specimens from Loc. Nos. 1 and
30 are nearly equal in size but thosefrom Loc. Nos. 3 and 24 show wide
range in size. The specimens from thelatter two localities are well preserved
compared with those from the former
localities. This may suggest that the
specimens from Loc. Nos. 1 and 30 weretransported from a remote place. whereas those from the other localities froma nearer place.
(5)

Relations between the Molluscs
and other Fossils

The fossils from the Higashi-lnnai
Formation other than the molluscs consist of reef building corals. echinoids,

brachiopods. bryozoans, sponges, crabs,
balanids, foraminifers, calcareous algae,
etc.· Their distributions are shown in
Tables 2-4 and Fig. 9.
The tables and figure indicate thatthe molluscan assemblage changes according to whether it is associated withthe other fossils, and related therewith
is the differences in the lithologic faciesof those places. The molluscan assemblage associated with the fossil corals is
restricted in distribution to a limitedarea, such as where the rocky or gravelly facies exist, because such an environment favors the growth of the corals
and there the hard bottom dwellingmolluscs are dominant. Calcareous algae
are also found in the environment justmentioned. Loc. Nos. 24, 30, 32 and 35
which belong to the second horizon are
typical localities of the reef building
corals.
Echinoid spines were found almost all
localities except for those of the thirdand fourth horizons, but Astryclypeus
manni minoensis MoRISHITA occurred
only from the second horizon at Loc.
Nos. 26, 27, 28 and 39 in association
with Miogypsina kotoi HA!\ZAWA or rarely with Operculina complanata japonica
HA!\ZAW A and Miogypsina kotoi HAN·
ZAWA.

apercu/ina complanata japonica HAN·
and A!iogypsina kotoi IIA~ZAWA
are widely distributed in the northernarea of this fleld. whereas i\Iiogypsina
kotoi I-lANZA\~' A is found only at Loc.
Nos. 26 and 28. When occurring in association with one of the two genera
mentioned exceeds the other in individual
number. Concerning the paleoecologyof Aliogypsina and Operculina in ther..Iiocene Kurosedani Formation in Toyama Prefecture, TsUDA (1955) statedthat Miogypsiua may have been limited
its distribution in marine water with
ZAWA

509.

Molluscan Fauna of the Higashi-Innai

283.

f

0

I

t

l

f

Dt

I

Fig. 9. Distributions of Operculina complcllata japonica IIANZAWA and Miogypsina
kotoi li.'\:'-IZA WA (large circle: abundant to common occurrence of that species; small
circle: few to rare occurrence of that species).

normal salinity but Operculina may havebeen lived in a water with a little lower
salinity than that of Miogypsina.
Complete specimens and fragments ofthe chela of Psopheticus sp. (crab) were
found from the first to third horizonsof this formation. The complete specimens occurred from the alternation ofsandstone and siltstone of the third
horizon at Loc. Nos. 31 and 33. and thefragmental ones were found in the conglomeratic sandstone and conglomerateof the first and second horizons. From
the wide distribution it can be considered that Psopheticus sp. lived in an environment of different conditions.
The sponges are restricted to thefourth horizon. They are found in sand·stone associated with molluscs and somebrachiopods. Complete sponge specimens were found only at Loc. No. 19.
The bryozoans are found in association with the larger foraminifers.

Kuichiro MASUD.fl

28-!

Table 1. Faunal list of the First horizon(•--Illustrated: **-specimens with cojoined shells)--------------------------===------====----

Locality I
Speci~:-~~~~-~--- -- ------ __ Samplin-; i

9
E

[_10
1
E

--1-- 24

39
-D----- -D-----(

Anadara kurosedamenszs HA'I AI and NISIYAMA.... 1. . . . . . . . . . . ....... -;· ... R
Ostrea sp.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. .... .. .. ..
. ... C** .. 1.... C**. . . .. F
1

Felaniella sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · · · R
joannisiella meisensis MAKIYA:\IA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F
Pillucina yokoyamai (OTUKA)..................... . . . . . . . . .
0~~:~:=~~ i~::::a~,~~::.....

1. . · · · · · .. . . . . . . . . ·Polinices meisensis MAKIYA:\IA . . . . . . . . . . .
Nassarius notoensis lVIASUDA . . . . .
...

C..::::::::::::::: .::: .F::: .. :::::::: J::: ·~:::: .... :. ... R**.
Tel/ina hamadai MA:>UDA ......................... .
. .. F
Jfacoma sp ....................................... .
.. .......... F
Anisocorbula peregrina (YOKOYA~IA) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ... R
Cryptomya· busoensis YOKOYA~IA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
... R ...
Teredo sp. . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ . ... R ... ...F"\lonilea sp ........... .
'Littorinopsis miodelica/ula 0YAl\IA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... R...
Vicarya callosa japonica YAHE and HATAI . . . . . . . . . . . F
l'icaryella notoensis MAsuDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. C. . . . ... F
Vicaryella ishiiana (YoKOYA:\IA) .. .. . .. .. ..
.. . .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
.. . F.. ........... F
Batillaria toshioi 1VIASUDA, n. sp. * ....... .
. ............ R .. .
Cerithidea tokunariensis MASUDA ................ .
Xenoplwra sp. . ................................. . ... R~:i1::: :~.:~~i-da~ -~1A~.u-~A ~:. s~

....

1

.. ::.....

. .. R.... . . . . . . . . .

... R.. .. c. .. R... c·I· ...

. .. R ...
R. . . . . . . . . ... R ........ R. .. R...

---------- _________________________.. 'I .........

F.

:::::::::I::::~

II

Table 2.

Faunal list of the Second horizon (*-Illustrated; **-specimens with cojoined shells)=~-~=~-- ~-~--Local tty-I-~-~ :3~--~--!~ j2_1_s_j_:_o~J--=-115j~~~~__:<t__ --==--~~~~2 !~135~~~~~~ 381 ~9Specific Name·---~-_~amph~ --:~--E ___:____:_ ~ ~:,__E ~-=--~~~-o~!--=-1 E -~-~~~~ ,__:__!~ __:____:___:__~:::~:: ••.••.,.... r<;."'.~·" '" · •• 1 < I<. •••. ••• •••. r r •• • t i •• •• 1 ···I· • ,1::?.~~~:~;,:~"''''"''c .. ••• • •·•F.

HATAO ood..

1 .••.•••......••.•....•••.•,~.~.::::I'::::.~ .. ~

·II

;; I

I ~~~ .... F' .. !

An~~~~-1.~::~s-~~~~~~~~~s~s .~!~.T~.~. ~11-(~ ... _I... ... .. . . . . . J. ·I·.. ... ·I c··~·.. . ..
I

Arradara makiyamai HATAt andI

R

NtsrYAMA ............................

cr.tl~itokudoensis (~~KIYAMA)

A

F

....

·1··· ....

11

•

•

•

_

F

.......

I~F

11···· ···

1 ...

I

·I··· ······ ··.:. ··G/ycymerzs veslttmdes No:-.tURA ...... · ·1· · · · · · · · · ·Glycymeris cf. cisshuensis MAKtYAMA . . . . . . R~lacopecten rwmurai MASt.:OA ...... ~ ..

A

A .... C

C

I

I I

!

I

I

I

J ....... ~ ........ I

I· ... ·... ·II•
1
1·· · ··· · ··· .;. ·· · · ···

_

_

C

c

11·
.

~

!{

I

~

~·
;;::

.~

~

;;::(':>

F · · · · · ·:· · · .:. · · ·1 1~ I F

I

I

I

I

F

1

l ....... R ............................ :............ ·

~

~

~

;;::-

F · ·· · · ·· · · ·· · · ·· · · ·· · R
I.
I1
C · · · ·1 C - .. · F I F I F · · · · 1{

C

I

I

··· · ·· · · ·· · · ·· ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

R :.... ! . . . . C

I

I

""'·
'
~

...
~

I

""·

1

..

·I·.. . I· ...................

(YOKOYA~IA) ........... - ................ RIAhzuhopec/ell lnmurm muravamm

i

I

I

....... R I
1

R

I

I

I

·I .... 1.. · '!" .. 1.... ~ .. ·( .. I.. ..

1.. )

..

·I .... RJ

1R

1' . . . . j

C**i

I

I

I

1

I

I

I

I

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R ................ ' F

Lima sp ...... · .. · .. · ..................

-....

I•

1

F

.

I

I

!{ ....................

fl~copecten pro~omolltltls (No:o.JU~{i\) .l..................

Spo11dylus sp.

_

:...

£:
"'c

I

· ····1· ·······I F · · · ·1· ··1 1' ,. · · · · · · · 1~

t....... ···. .

.....

'

i ..

I

I

I

·· I.········ · ·1· ··Clllamys ~.·shidae MASUDA ............... · · · · · · · ,. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·'Clllamys iwanwrensis hutGAWA ...............
C · ·. · · ·Act~~~~p.ect~~~. !''~'.'~~~~~.a~.i~~~-s~~.~~.sL:t:~.'.J.l:

I·1···· F

1

Glycymeris direlicta (YotWYA!vtA) .....

1 ••-I· . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •I

A11adara......
··
1Anadara cf. uatanabe1 (YohO)AMA) ....
R
Anadara sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F
..••

I

c:::

~

w·l I I

I

. .. I R ,Cucullaea toyamaensls TsuDA ......... J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A"~~~;~,'~!~hoto"'"' li.~TAO. ood . J.

;:;,

R

I I

i

I I

t-,:;
00
C.ll

t..:>00~

Mantel/um ~P· .......................... ,.... ,.. ~.1 . . . . 1..... , ........

1
I........ I... I

R .................... 1. . . . . . . . , . . . . , .. ..

····I····

Fl

Ostrea graut/esla YoKOYA~·II\ .......... F** . I•
F . · ... · · ..... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · F**C**
1
Ostrea cf. denselamellosa LJSCIIKE. . . . . .. F
F ................
c•• . . . . . . . . . . . . c c . . . . A c c
Ostrea SJL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C / F ...
F F ............ C ...
Cl F
1Anomia sp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , ........ , ... -~· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I. ... 1.••• I I~
Brachtdontes sp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • F
Myadora suzuensis MASUDA. n. sp. • .... 1• • • • • • • • I............................. !. ....... 1 F I • • • • I................ I F

J...

.1.. ..1. .. .

I

c

R

c

Crassatellites suyamensis _OJNOMIKi\Do*l· ..
F F F .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . F I: F .... , F I F I F
Venencardra osawanoensts TsuDA . . . . . . . . . . R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R . . . . F
1• . . . . R
Glans naomiae MASUDA, n. sp. * ........ 1. . . .1. . . . .. ..... .. • .. • .. .. .. .. .. . . .. . . .. .. R ............ 1........
I.... I

Tr~:~~.m _mo~.i~~~e~~r~i·s· ~Y~M~ -~~~~:;:::::;:;:;,:;;.,,; ,,;;~~.;~;;~)

R••l ....

. . . . . . . . . . •..

J ............................... 1..... l ... ,......... , .. ·•· .. ·•· .. .
·~·

·~·

R

...

;. I I I~;;. ~I ~;;, ~ I"I·j· ...... J... .................... .... .... .... .... .... ........

•••• ,;;;,

I • .•.•••..

••...

• ••

joanmstella metsensts MAKJYA:.IA . · · · · . ... ·:· .. ·1 .... 1. . . . . . . . I.... ,.... F ......
CI
Phlyctiderma cf. japonica (PILSBRY) .....
Thyasira sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. . . . R
L uetna.
.
. M AKIYA~IA ............ ,I ........ .....
I
I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I. . . . . . . . , R
metsensts
1
Ctena hataii MASUDA, n. sp. • .......... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FPi/lucina yokoyamai (OTUI<A) .................
C
1

I.... .. ..

'I' ......

R

J... .... .... .... .... .... .... ....

Sa~o/ucina ll-hataii ~0Tlii<A) ...........
•j· ... ,............ ,....
Chnocardwm oguraz (OTUKA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F
C . .. . F . .. . R
Fulvia sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

c:·J· .. ·I· ... ,.... ,F

F .... A

R

~

C

!R I

1

R**l............ .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Dosinia sp.

.. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

F

R .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

F
C

~
~.

o.

R

~

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Vl

1

F

§
~

c

R 1.... 1F**i Rc

J·~t ·~t :: J·~t : J·~t ·~·t ~A 1.... J R

IFI~ ....... J... I. ... I. ... I.... I. ... I.... I F I F

C . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. .

R

~

I F

Larwicardium sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R .... ,............ I F
Pilar itoi (MAI\IYA:..JA)* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F
Saxidomus sp ........................... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ·'· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1•••• 1.... I. ... I.... I R
Dosinia akaisiana NoMURA ..............
Dosinia tugaruana NoMURA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

~
.,..,

:;-,

Cyc/~11(1 japonica KAI\IAI~A .· -~ ..........

'I' ... ,.... ,.. "/" .. !... .. ., ... 'I c..l.... "I F

I I I I I I! I ,FI R RA**ll
R I R : F

'

I ..

I

~Y:!~,~uas:.u::.lat~..~1-~~~~-~~·.·~ .. :::::::::J:::~. -~.j:::: 1 ::::1::: :J::: :::: .:::l:·:r:. !

1c c c c··l·I

Leukoma itoigawae TsllllA* . . . . . . . . . . . . R A A ... R
R .... I.
Protothaca tatezwm (MAKIYA.~IA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . .
. .. . . ... . .. . . ... . ... ... . ..
F .......
Katelysia rwkamurai IKEIIE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R** ....................... R**! .... R·i· .. ·,I....

Pap:~~ 5 ~ufl~pt.~ .~~i.~~i. ~-~~~~.~-. n.'. . . . . .............................. .1. .......... J.
Pap/ria suzuensis MAsUDA, 11. sp. • . . . . . . . . F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paphia sp ................................ R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . R

F

"'c

I

·I· •• ·I· • • • , • • • • , • • • •F . .. . . .. .

•R

I
I........ 1 R C**.1. .. . . .

Siraloria siratoriensts (OTuK,\)* .......
C
F .... · · · · · · · ·.· ... · · · · · · · · · · · · C
FVenerupis takagti (MASUDA)* ............. ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F ....................

.

::0

c c

~

~
E"

F

F ................ 1•••• I R"!· . .

I....

Clemcmlia japonica MAsuo ... • ..........
! R ........ R I' •• 'II .... c•• F F A R ..................
Rae/a sp ............................... I....
! . . . . . . . . . . . . I. . . . . . . .
I{
Lutraria sp ............................. ~ .... R ..
. . . . : . . . . ' . . . . R ..
.....
F . . . . . . . . . R••
1
OxyfJeras sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
R
1
1 R**
Cardilia
TsllnA* .............. \. . . . . . : .... 1. . . . 1. . . .
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 c·1. .. :l ....

el:)

F

'0:5"'

R

~

1

....

toyamacnr.~isI·I ....

l........

1

1

.,..

:::r:: ::::

1

Soletellina mirwensis Y OKOY AMI\
Psammotaea sp ......................... 1 R
Macoma sp ................................. ; R i...
Fabulina sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R .... 1• • •Tellirw hamadai MASIIDA .................. A••: R
Tellirw no/oensis MASUDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

~

~·
.,:

........

-.>

~

H

R 1.... 1. . . . 1. ... I F
1.. . . .. .. . .. . .. .1 ....
l . . . . . . . ·'· · . . . . . -~- .. ·'· . . . ' R
C** 1. F••I....

1 ••• " ' •• ·I· ••••••••••

• • •

• • •

F
.... . ..

... F
F•• ........ 1 A .... F**........ . . . .

• • •... . ...

. ....

F: .. \ . . . . · . . . .

R ........ F•• ....

. . ·'·......
..

. .. .

·,,·

•.

·,·

F .... ..

••••••

""

:::::
~

el:)

~

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R

~

F

0:5

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.,.,,

I F I F I R I··· ·I· F. ........ F•• ........... ./. ... c••I'i· .. ·l. .. .

R

R

Jouannetia cf. cumingi (SowERUY) .......... ·· · · · · · · · · · · ·· ·· · F
Teredo sp: .................................
I.... ! . . . .
R
ThraCJoPsts sp. . ....................... ,.... , .... ,........ ·.... ·'· ....... ,........ ,......... ,.... ,.... ,.... \...
'1 . . .

;:::-R... I R

R . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . ... . . .. . . .. . . .. . . ..

I

Anisocorbula ohiroi MASUDA. 11. sp. • .. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1...
/lriiSOCOrbula peregnna (YoKOYAMA)* . .1... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cryptomya busoensis Yul\OY AMA . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .. . . ...
. .

.,_

~-

Cult ell us izumoensis YoKoYAMA . . . . . .
. .. · · ·R· · · · · · · · C..
Solen cf. gouldi CoNRAD ......................................... R** .... R F ............ ,.................... ,... .
I
I
I I
I
I
Solen sp. . ............................ ·'· ... R F :- ............................ ,.... R ........ R ·............ ' F·i· .. ·:· ...

~R

I· .. ·I· .. ·I· ...

·I F I I.!.... F :.... ,.... I R F

1•.•. \ ...

1>0

00
-1

~-~~---- ~--Speciti~-:me-·1

Locality

1

1

3

4 · 5

1

7

8 · 10

D

i E

1

1

12

15

1

1

17

23

1

1

24

29

1

30

1

32

1

33

35

1

36

1

37138

39

~-~~I o-lDIE Ii~-1 [)-IEIEI [)I D1D!I-E--D IE
I l' .................
I-~--1 ·1 ,. . . . . . . . . . . . ..,---,-,I.
. . . . , .... I FIR I I I I ~, - --_j;;;-n;--ro-IE-: E ~-~~ i i"o__', 1s.. 110 I oe11s1s.·. ''lA'
I---L.III
Illa 10•v stJ I>A. n. sp. * . . . . . . . I
Tt.tgali 11otoensis MAsiJI>A, n. sp. * .... ) ...
!... .... :.. ... ........ .... : .
R
R . "l" .
1
Dwdora sp .....................................................................................
I
Colli sella sp. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Notoacmaea sp. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . F .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .
l{ . .. . .. . .. .. .. .. . .. . .. ..
F .. . ..
I R
Euchelus notoensis MASUDA, n. sp. *.... . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jl . . . . F ....... I R
Calliosloma ota11iensis MASUDA, n. sp. * . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. .................... :....
R
1
Cal/iosloma simane Nm.JUI~A and HATAI . . . . . . . . . . . . ){I
I I
Calliostoma cf. myOitchonensis JL-\T/\1
and KoTAKA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · · · · · · · · · · · . · · · · · ·. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · R R
ICan/haridus sp .........................
RI
Tegu/a sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R . . . . . . . .
. . .. . . .. . . .. .
.. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . F

~

....

~

~

J .. ·!

t-:,
00
00

~

1

. . .

1

1

••

•

.,.

•

••

1

I

1

J ...

1 ....

1 ........ :..

•. . . . .

·

....

·

Troclws sp. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .

......

·

..

·

·

..

.. . ..

~~)·.. .. . .. .. .. .. .. ..

F .. ..

""·;:-R , .. .

Solanella sp. * ................ · · · ~- · · · · ·1 C
I
I
I
I
I
Momlea hamadae MASUDA. n. sp.
.. ....... A .... ,.. .. ..
.. ................ C , R ........
R
1
Monilea yoshioi MAsuD,\, n. sp. * .............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Momlea sp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. . . .
I ••••••••A I
Prolrotella depressa MAKIY/\MA . . . . . . . . F I F ........... I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ./. . . . 1.... F.1............ F

I

I

I

....

1

.....

1 ••....•........

. . . . . . . .

1........ '....

1~;,~,:;::i~l~lpshu~u/J:JY~·:'.s.i~. ~~~~~;-,~~':·~~ .. :: ..~:· -~~ .......... .J ....... '...........

••••••.' ••••

I· ..

R I

I

.
• b.
.
T emostoma)aez .M ASUIJA.. .. .. .. .. .. .. i .. .. .. . . I .. .. ' .. .. .. .. I. .. . . .. . I C•

IAI I

Turbo ozawai OTl!KA' .................. R R .. · ......... ·F .... ! . . . . ' . . . . . . . . A .... FA
F
Lzwella cf. kurodai IT<llcAwA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.... 1.
. ..... :.. ·.I.······· ·· · · ··· · ·· -~ .. · · .. ·Nerila ishidae MAStii>A, n. sp. • . .. .. .. . F F ... .1. ..
F·I ....
I R R 1· ... A F F
Lacuna japonica lviAStll>,\. n. sp. • ..... .. .. .. ....
l....
R
Litlorinopsis miode/icatu/a 0YA~IA* .... C C F 1... _I_ . . . 1... 1.... F 1...
.I F A .... 1 A F ....
R.ISSOI11U.
. M ASUIJA.
·
l'• . . . . A . . . . . . . .
TIU omzaen. Sp. • . . . . . . F . . . . . . . . I. . . . . . . . . . . . · C I. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
1

I

J ..

J......

1

...

I

.I.·

1

1 ..

l ..

1 ....

.I. ....... '... J · ........

1

1~:e:r~;::;~i~•o:~~;~; -~~·1:.~;;,~.:::::::::::::::::!:::: ..~ .·, .... ,.... I... f ......

I I

I....

i" ...... I.... ~ .... l.... ,.... I... ·1

C
R

I

i

:

I

F '· · · · · ·· ·C 1. . . . 1 R
F
R I

c.

~

1

1

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1

J ...

.. .1 A

. ..

I I I

R

·I· .. I" "I' .. 'i·I·. y.

Turrilella sp ................ ~ ........
R f· ..
r· .. ·[· ..
.4rchztectomca kurodae TsUDA ............................ ·... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Serpulorbis sp.

. .......................

1

•••

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Vermetus sp. . ........................ ·1 F R
Vicarya callosa japonica YABE and,I
1
HAT AI..... .. .. .. .. .. .. ....

. ..

. .

•

•

•

•

.'.

1

. .. ............... ·:· ...

1

y.. I

F ·... .

t ··.'. ···············

I

I

•

'

•

F

c

....•

F
R

1

I·.·~· .. ·:· ... ,.. ··, F 1· .. T .. I.·· ·1!. ···I F

·'·

1

.

·1 F :. · ·1••••·f· .. ·f·. "[· ..

,

•

•

•

· .: F

F I.···' R,I

•

I'

F I

I

I

I

,

···I

1' ,. · · · · · ·Vzcar.yella zslmana (YoJ,cn AMA) · · · ··· · ··· · ··· · · · ··· ·· · · · ·1· · · · · · · ·i\Vicary.el/a noloensis MASI)I>A* .......... I.:.
1.
F I• ... c
F F I
I
I
I
Centhzdea kanpokuenssz MAKIYAMA* ...... R .......
R .......
!<A'
1
Cerithidea ohiroi MAsUDA, n. sp. • . . . . . ..
R 1· · ·. · · · · · · .l
F '.··.I C' R
I

I

I·. i· ..

I

I

1

I
J ...........

I

I

'

,

I

I

1

...

1 ....

1 ....

I

I

I

..

1

·I c

I

o;.,
!

1

••••

1 ••••

0~I·I········I F.···I .. · ···· ······ .. ·I
Cerilh~dea siral1ii (.MA~\IYAMA)*... .. . 1... 1.... C ··I C 1· .. · · · ,l\ I"· ·I R··I····1· ···I A
I I I
Cenlhzdea tokunarrenszs MAsUDA .................. · . . . ... · . · · ·I• .... · . . ·. · '· .. · . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . F
Batillaria toshioz MASUDA. n. sp. • ...... 1. · ~· · · · . l.. · ( .. I. ·j·1· ··,· · ·· · ·· · · · ~ C · · · · 1· · .. · · · 'A/jzflzum sp • ........................... CF . l'... .. . ..1 I•
F ..... ·I I• ,..
·I C
i

..

·

·

·

1
· · · · · · · 1· · · ·

! ..

·

.,..,
~

~

1

1

'

(YoKOYA~IA)*

1

II

Cenlhzum anczsum. . . .. . 1 . . . . F 1 ............
Cerithium meisense (MAKIYA~IA)* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F . . . .
Seila sp ........................... · · · · · .
Nodisca/a szlzu:nsis MAst rnA, n. sp. •Turnscala

C ···
.. .
R 1 • •• ·1· ... · ...

1 ....

1.

··.1. ·· · · ·'I'·· .

1

.

•

•

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I

1

R [

I

1

R

. I R .........
I
I · · · I · · · .. · · · I · · . I' .. · · · · · · . . . .

Ca Iyptraea tubura 0Tl'KA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I .

· · · · · · · · ··R . ..

l{

1

•

'

•

.•

•

•

I

I

I

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)

;'

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R

C , F ....

R

j' . . . . . . . . . . . . 1...

.

···I···1F I R · ·· · · ·· · ··· · R ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .... ! . . . . ~.......
c
I
I
1Parhycrommium japonicum KANNO* . . .
Sinum ineptum (YoKOYA'-lA)* . . . . . . . . .
.
. I•
P roleralo mznoenszs TOIG.\WA . . . . . . . .

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

....

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

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C

F

F

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in

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H

!· .. .
I·..

·1· • • • • • . .

.. . . .. ... .

............. ·I .... :....

f'lwlzum . sp.

. ......................... · . . . . . .

.. . . ..

... ...

... ....

Rimel/ a toyamaensis Tsl.iDA . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

... ...

R.. . . . . .

....

R ....... .

F ....... _I

F ... .

·1 C I C · .. ·· A I R

Cypr~ea ~1hiroi MASUDA, n. sp. • ....... 'i' .. . . ..
1

F

A

R

:

R

1 . . . .

,

F I

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C . .. .

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Q

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:::::-..

Neverita coticazae (MAKIYA~IA)* ......

Q.

......

~~:;:::::: :~:;;:;'s~A~:~~YAM.'~ ::::::::I:::: ::J:::I . ::.r::l..'~ 1~ l::::l::::f..~.l ..h.~:::. ::::~:::: .. '..!. ............... ~ R
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Epztonium

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······~'· ······ ····. ··········l· · · · ··· ···· · ·· ·· ·i· ···················I

R•

C I C .... C I R 1:
IIR ....... ·. F R R · .............. ·' F

sp. .................... ......
sp.................. ·······.I .. · ··.. ··· ·~· ·· J ···I··· ·~ · ·· ·······.~. ·· ·1· · · ·1
J .. ·.· ·· ·! .. ·· ····~=~';;;:s'':~.aiz..~~~:i.':'~:I>s.p. . . ·: :::::1·.:: .·:-i:: .. i::::l::::l::. ·:: ... :::1::.: ··:: · :::I::J·~·f::::l ~I I I. · · ·•:::::"'·'

~

;::;;
Q

"'·

I

I

'

1

I

I

I I

1-:i

00

~

~..;::;;;,._~---~

1

Locality

Specific N~~m-;------~;t_~pling

57 8 10 112115117123124129130132133135 36 37138139
D EE_E_ DD E
E. -D D EEDEEDD DEOE

1

3

1

-Ap~llon ~sa~anoensis. TsurM* ......... ·I· ... 1... ·I· .. .I. .... · . .I.·· .I.·····: ·1 R ~·-R .. ·· F .... , C1~hzcureusasanoz MA~UDA ..............................
R ----1 R

fll·galatax sp.
1. ..............................................

urpura cf. minocnsis lTOIGAWA ....... · · · ... · · · · · · · · · ·C R .......

F ............

C .........

l .......... J ............. ·· I•

I

t-o:>

tO

0

R
Rl .... l R

J ···············I··· ·I······· J ··· ···· F

J ... I.... I F ....... T... 1.. ·I C .... C I R 1.... 1 C 1.... 1.... 1 F
SzP{{o;'~.~~~ . :!'~'~~m-~1- ~A~~~ .an~ .................... ·I· .. -1- .. .1. .......... J ....... I......... ·· C-~~itrella_nolo~llSis MASUD.'l, n. sp.* ....
/

Siphontzlia sp ....................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1........ ,. .. . R I R 1.... I C I.... I.... I.... I.... I F I F
Pseudoneptzmea noloensis (MAsuDA).........
. ..................
F .... ·. ·. C
Plros 110/oensis MAsUDA. n. sp. • . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F 1. . . . R . . . . . . . . . . . . R
CNassarius m11roensis ITOIGAW A* .. .. .. .. R F R ........ ! .
R ....
RF R I.... I.... I.... I .... I R
Nassarius no/oensis MASUDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A .... ,.... RF
Oliva osawanoensis TsuuA• .......................... ··· ...
C
Pus_ia sp. • ....... ·_- ................. ~ ............... , .......
I........
I.... 1. . . . 1. . . . !.... I R
Stngalella no/oensrs MAsUDA, n. sp. . .....
F
A·filra hukusimana NoMURA and ZrNuo• ...................................
F
M!lra zshzdae MASUDA. n. sp. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
R .. .. F
Vexillum selsulwae MAsUDA. n. sp. • ....................................... .1. . . . . . . . R . . . . F
R
Sydaphera horii MASUDA, n. sp. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R .......
F .. .. .. .. . .. . R
Cancellaria sp. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. .. . R R .. .. R ,........ ,. ..............
R

·I

I....

--I
J .. J.. . .. ..
.J. .......
·I· .... ·.. ·. ·· ···· ·········r .......
I............
!........ ·.. ·.......... ·J. ...... ·.. · .. --I

J... .... .... ....
J... .. ..

J ..........

:~j~:.£:;;;:: ' '••••••••

J·I·....... J... .. .. .. ..

I •••• •••• •••• R . • • • R
I I F
Inquisitor shibcmoi M:\SUDA. n. sp. • .. . .. .. . .. .. R ........ I.................... , R F
R 1.... 1.... 1 R
I< • • . •I<·I· .......... J .. J .... ···J .......

Surculites osawanoensis TsuDA ...........................
R
Cythara sp. • ...............................................................
R
F
Conus tokunagai 0TUKA* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.................... F F \. ... \. ... I C \. ... I F
Terebra osawanoensis TsuDA . . . . . . . . . . J~ F . . . . . . . . R
R .. .. .. . .. .. . F,\-fenestho sp. • ............................................................. ,.... , .... !.... 1.... 1 R

I"..

~

C•

'-"'·
;::-

""'
::;·

C>

~

s:-

Ul

~

1·. ·1· ... '... ·1

I.....

1·I· .. ·I·-·1· ........ ·:· ...

Cingu/ina sp ........................... I........

·I· ... I I
R I·I·.· ·I R I············ R · · · · · · · H 1· ·· I/. ··· R I
... I

1

R

konam!"ens£s MASUDA, n. sp. • .. J.
lyramulel/a halall .MASLIDA ..........

R•••. , . . . . · · ·.

F 1. . . . . . .

· · · · · · ·"''· · · · · · · · · .. · · .1. · · · R

1

<;:;>
~

I

I

J...... ... I ... .... .... .... F ........ , R
Ringicula minoensis TAKEYAMA• ..... ·I· .. ·1· . .\. ...... ·I·...... ..J...
.... R I I i
Bulla sp .................. · · · · · · · · · · · ·:· · · · · · · J ··· ···l· · · · ·· · ·· ·'· ·· · · ··· · ··· · · .... ·· · · 1· .. · · ·Acteon osawanoenszs TsuDA*

I

I·······I··· ·I········ ··"I"·· ·1· ·· · · ·· · ··· ·~··"!"· ·· ....

j

.J.. J. ·· ··. · ···· ··. · ·······.I F

I... ·I· ...... .1. ... R ... ·)· ...... J

Turbonilla ishidae MAsUDA. n. sp. • .... 1........ • . • . .......
1
Turbomlla sp ....................................
1
1 . . . .1.................

~iberiaI·j

R 1· · · .:. · · ·' R j· .. R j... ..
... 1' .... I R I...
IR• • • .' •• • • •• ·'· • • ·'· • •Odostomw sp ........................... ' ... ·1 F .
Syrno/a notoenszs M,\strDA. n. sp. • .... 1......
1........ , ...
F
Synzo/a sp..........................
F ............... 1 R ............ R.....................

·· · ···!· ·· ·····

R

Retus~ tokiensis lTOIGAWA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ·: R ....... . . . . . . . . 1 .. , . . . . . . . . . . · . . . . . . R'R
1
Ueconfa sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vo/vuld/a tokit·nsis lToiGAWA* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. . . . 1. . . 1. . . . . . 1. . . .1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · ·R1
11. h ama d'M··
ar
AsuDA . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . .I . . . 1. . . . I1 . . . . . . .I. . . . R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :. . . . IR
A cteoc!lla.

.... .... .. I·... ... ......

J..

·I·.. ., ...

Adamn.estza ur.wkrz l'v1ASIII>A, n. sp. • ...
Denla/wm wcwlwu.(fi DuNKER . . . . . . . . • . . . .

1·

Dentalium cf. hexagon urn Gout.D ...... · · ·

F

1

1

..........

F . .. .

.J. ........... · ·. · H
1. .1 ...

· · · 1.. · · · · · · · · ·.j .. ·I I I I· .. ·II . , ,I?

.J.... F .... CI

1

C ........ ,....

f I

R

J ··.1. · · · · · · · · ·· · · · · · · · .. · · · · · ·· · · · · ·j1.... ····1 F

r.

[<

I f

-""""~
:::::
<=:

~

~
15
~

.....
;::-

:·:~~::~;~::ss~~all·l;i· ;l;l~~~;l~~~....... ... F F .. ·I· .......... ·I F ,. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . F I'".. c ... ·J· .. ·, F~
op;,~;;~~:;';:,~~·~~·.,;~;~ j;;;~,;~,·~........ .......... ·~· ................................... l .................. ·'· ...... f .. I F ~;::,.,,
cIcI
I
FI
I
c
I
c c ,. I I A:
I F ....~
M10gypsma kolot
F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F . . . . ... C....E
Fi5h bone. gen .. s.:· indet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ·I F I R
I j
I ,
,
~

i

I

'Cl

I

H"'-AWA. • . .. . . . . .. .. . . .. . . .. . . ..

IIA"'ZAWA . . . . . . . . . . .

. ............................................

Reef 1Juild1ng cot diS...................

. ..........................................

Bryoz~ans .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...

C ....

1

CF :............ .... :.... :................
Balamds .................................. ·'· ......

1

~

....

C

C ....

~ ~·I· .......... .,.................... I· . . . I· i'
c I' .. ! ............
·I c 1... . .. .. ,, I c .. . c c
1
1

E<hi""'" '''"'..

.

.. .. .. .. .. . .

Calcareous algae.......................

C .... 1. . . . j ........ !....
1

I

F............ , ....
1

iF

... A

IF

A

........

F
1. . . .

A

1.... c .. . ..I c
j.... \.... ,.... ·, .... I F

1'..:1

<:0
~

292

Koichiro MilSUD.cl
Table 3. Faunal list of the Third horizon.
(*-Illustrated; ••-specimens with cojoined shells)~:;:=_:::__--=====Specific Nanie___________Localit~l~- 23__Sa111~lin~24 _) _

E

--E

.

1

31 _ _33

EE-1-3-9_,E

So/emya tokll;zagai YOKOYA~I~..-~ ..... ~1 ... -..-............... F**~ F**~-- - Porllandia cC. cnaensis KA~IADA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jllllldara sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. .......... I.. ·. R**. · ·.

. .............

F••t

J ................... R·.!. ·····'')'' ·· I

Ctenamusium sp. . .......................... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·RMizuhopecten kimurai tiganouraensis (~,\KA:\It'RA) ~ ....... J ........... F**·· ... R
Ostrea sp .........................................
C.
.. .. F . .1. ... R
1

J ........

....

F*."\

Modiolus wanizalliensis MAsUDA. n. sp. • .......... [............... . . . . . . . . ..
1
Lucinoma acutilineatum (Co:>:RAD) ................ , .......
c••
Lucina cf. meisensis :\IAKIYA:\1.\ ............................................. F 1.1........ ....... ....

Clinocardium sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

·· · F. ..... · · · · ·1I;:~~~: :;g/~~~(~.~:~~:~~~·M·~~~J.DA:.r:·..s.ubs~ .. ~::::::: ::::·; .. 1· ...... 1...... .. ....

r.

~::eod:as;P· .. ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: J::: .~: :::::: .~..... ..

.... c...F
l'icarya ca/losajaponica YAnF: and 11ATAI ....... .t ........ 1 • • • • F I
l'icaryella notoensis MASt'DA* ............................ 1 • • • • F
Shiclriheia etclwensis HATAI and NtsiYA:.OIA ........
F
Pseudoneptunea noloensis (1\L\sUDA) .............. i......
F I
Clamts cf. kurodae TsUDA ....................... l. ............................ R1I
1
IDentalium sp. . ....................................... F 'I1•••••••••••••••••••••••·> ...

•••

F.... R1_!_sopheticus sp ................................ ~· .. ·~· '_': ~--· ._._._.._._._.:. ~- ~·-·~ __._!_ __509.

Molluscan Fauna. o.f the Higa.shi-lnnai

2B3

Table 4. Faunal list of the Fourth horizon.
(*-Illustrated; **-specimens with cojoined shells)- - - . - - -Localit~T-~--~=--~ecific Name~::r~::~-~---____ §~~_IJ~~---c-- - - - - -

18

--

-- -

20

I~ D

_j_

--

21

22

--·~E
E

~--­

E

s·p·... :::::::: ............... :::::::: .......... ::

I

19

E

-------~:::::::: .1:::: -~.

1

... F

~~~:~';,:;i::ir.elic~~ ·(·~·::~~'--~~~-~).: .. ::::::::: :::: •:·::: -~-·I .. ::::: ., ~··
1

••

::

Limopsis sp ......................................... R.
F
Delectopecten peckhami (GAnn) .................... ' ............ F
Chlamys ishidae MASUDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '. . . . . . . . ... R
Chlamys sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... -1- ... R ...... R
Placopecten protomollitus (::\o:o..ruRA) .................. R. ·.· ... F.·'· ... F
Kotorapecten kagamianus moniwaensis (MASUDA) .. !........ . . . . . . ·1
Limatula cf. minoensis ITO!GAWA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1. ...........
F . ... F.... R
Lima cf. goliath SowER!IY . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .
..
Oslrea sp.
Crenellu fornicata YoKOYA~L\
Crassatellites suyamensis 01:--:o:>.fll<ADO . . . . . . . . . . . . ... R ... · · ··· · R
1 . . . . . . . . . . . .

.... C•*l'.! ...... .

::::::::::: ::::.~:r::·:: ·:::~ ...... c

I

I

'

Phlyctiderma cf. japonica (Pu.sm~Y) .............. 1. · · · · · · ·· ·· · · · F**l'I
Thyasira sp .......................................
F
1. . . . . . . .
Saxolucina k-hataii (OTUKA) .....................
. ........... . . . R
Clinocardium sp. . ..................................... C.. . . . . . . . . .. R
Leukoma sp. .. .... .. .. . .. .. .. .. ..
.. ..... 1.................... F
1.. ..... F
Pilar sp. . ........................... .
R.
R ...
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

J .......

........ ·I· ... -1-...... ...

Clementia sp ................................. · · · · · · ,. · · · R

I•::::;a:p.s~ ............................. :::::::>:::::::.::::.~ .......
Lulraria sp.

~:~~~:~ :ri~·sp.

..1. ... R

1. . . .

................................ ' ............... ·'· ................... RI1. . :::::.::::::::::::::::::::::: :::: :·,T...... ·,· ..... .

.. T .. cMoni/ea? sp ............................................... •••• R :1
Cerithidea sp. . ............................. .
Polinices sp.
Aiitrella sp.
. ..................... : ........ !..........

I!

R.:::::::J::::::::!::::·~··r·······~:.:::·::·., •···. .. R.•. . ••·•••··•••.• ~ ·I·:.......~ r;............
·r ·Synwla sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bulla sp. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . ..

. .. R ........
.. ............. ! . . . . R~entalium yokoyamai I\.-IAK!YA:I.IA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·1' .... I~
Coptolhyns gray1 (DA\'Inso~) ...................................... I• ...... F
Terebratulina honsyuensis 1\o:o..JURA and HAT AI.... . . . . . . . . .. F .. 1 . . . . F ...... C
Carcharodon mega/odon (CHARLESWORTH) .......
R"Otoliths" sp.
. ................................. ·1· ................... I~
Aphrocallistes sp ....................................... C ...... A ...... C ...... CFish scale, gen. sp. indct.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ F '.i. ...

AbbreYiation:

D-Dillicult: E-Easy: A-Abuadant: C-Common: F-Few: R-Rare.

FTrans. Proc. Palacont. Soc. Japan. N. S., :'\o 63. pp. 294-302. pl. 32. Sept. 30, 1966

5111.

NOTES ON AMMONITES FLACCID/COSTA ROMER
FR01.1 THE CRETACEOUS OF TEXAST A TSURO ~viA TSutviOTO
Department of Geology. Kyushu University-r<~-'}-7.(7)l~lilli7f:•1f: Ammonites flaccidicssta Ro:I!FR: :;- ,Y.-']-7.:1-I-I(l)r:':J!!E~N:ft:P'.!::(r
Ho:-.1ER (1852) t~:,j~Jj;:£ L t:/.i: . .7cO)JJltl"i\*;± ;!{ /'(l);;I(!'T~ :.:l* 11f~ ;11."C" · ::., -('o)Jt~·c
Ammonites flaccidicosta t VC ,;~::.: n.-n.,,t_: 21~:;$: ( :/ /' !117'7.) ~.jlj~H L.t:f8*,~;"J: ~ 2!'-f!~f-\':tU"' {> 4> (l)"C ~ ~.: c ;;:'j'lja)j Lt.:, 1 ;;t Nowakitesjlaccidicostus ·e;O ·) ~ .
.:.(l),;iliJ~-r: v 1 1- !I ( 7·t:m:~it VCJ'Llt:Jl!l(·l Q, ftl!li Pseudojacobites (l)~Pl!"C cb -,-c. ,.:;~=' !117")~~t&;f·c rn7~i.:;l2.if·n~, 2 1~:;4>::ir"- ?''f'to)~'f.~:tt: t-?f.l:. 'i!.·'fiO)~f*m;~;:~
f.J: 9, 2 H! 0) Jli'§:il\ 1\11 (-1·.0) 1E f{Jif.J: hi:il'if.l: ~~H~O) ~\I lift c L. "C~ Q, t.d';.: OJ~!f, N owakites ·Pseudojacobites O)j,tjf(1l i: ~y_ '·c {,~.fill L-. t.ll'-J:-\•flk c 0)00j!J!!:: -?\- · -c ~r. L. t-:.

Introduction

Ammo11ites _flaccidicosta. from the·Cretaceous of Texas, was described by
ROMER (1852. p. 33, pl. 1. fig. la, b) on
the basis of two specimens. Althoughseveral specialists. such as SCIILLTER(1872. p. 34), ADKl:\'S (1928. p. 22}),COLLIG:--10:--1 (1955. p. 84) and YoUNG (1963,
p. 55), have remarked on this species.
its systematic position has remained un·certain.
I have recently had an opportunity of
studying the two syntypes in the
Palaeontological I'vluseum of the University of Bonn and arrived at the conclusionthat one specimen is probably to be referred to NmL'akites and the other toPseudojacobites. In this paper the two
syntypes are redescribed and illustrated.
with some remarks on the two genera.
Before going further I wish to record
my debt of gratitude to Professor Dr.
K j. MULLER of Institut fUr Palaontologie der Rhein. Friedrich-Wilhelms
Read Jan. 24. 1966, at the 30th Annuall\Ieeting, Sendai; Recei\·ed ~larch 15, 1966

UniversiUit. Bonn, for offering me every
facility of studying there. Thanks arealso extended to Dr. H. RE:IIIE. Curatorof the Palaeontological Museum of thesame university, Dr.]. SORNAY of thel'vluscum National d'llistoire Naturelle,
Paris. and ~vir. C. W. \VRrcaiT of London,
v.-ho helped me in showing se,·eral interesting specimens for comparison andcritical reading of the manuscript withvaluable suggestions, and also to Professor K. YOU:'\G of the University ofTexas. who gave me necessary information. Dr. I. liAYAMI of Kyushu University kindly assisted me in taking
photographs of the type specimens on
loan.
Palaeontologie Descriptions

Family Pachydiscidae
Genus Nozcakites SPATH. 1922

Type-species :-Paclzydi.~ws carezi DEGROSSOUVRE, 1894, from the Coniacianof France, by original designation.

.510.

.Yotes on Ammonites .flaccidicosta ROMFR

Generic diagnosis:- The shell does notseem to attain a large size. as far as
the available material indicates. The
whorl is oval in cross section and isslightly higher than broad. The umbil·
icus is moderate or rather narrow·.
On the septate whorls constrictions
are fairly frequent: they may be shallow
or distinct. On the body whorl they
may become very infrequent. indistinct
or absent. In the immature stages theribs are crowded. rather weak or fine,and of unequal length. some being
branched at or near the umbilical tubercles and others intercalated. In the late
growth-stage the ribs become distant andmoderately strong: they are of unequal
length, longer ones springing from theumbilical tubercles and shorter ones areintercalated with variable length. The
ribs cross the venter with more or lessstrong projection.
The suture. which is obscurely known
in the type-species and closely allied
species, is of pachydiscid type, withtrifid lateral lobe (L), and seems to bemoderately incised, being less massive
than the suture of Letcesiceras but not
so deeply and so finely incised as thatof Canadoceras.
Remarks :-Because the holotype of thetype-species. N. carezi. is not perfectly
preserved, there is some obscurity in thegeneric diagnosis of ,Vmt·al?ites. Thereare. ho,vever, several species which canbe grouped with N. carezi. for instance,
Puzosia lemarchandi DE GROSSOUVRE(189-1, p. 173. pl. 22. fig. 5). from theC{)niacian of France. Ammonites paillel lei
o'OJWIG~ Y (18·11. p. 339, pl.l02, figs. 3,4). from the Santonian of France, andprobably also ilmmoniles tallavignesi
D'0J<BIG:\Y (1850. p. 190: COLLIGNON,
1955. p. 30. pl. 9. fig. 3). from theConiacian of France.
Pacln·discus jimboi KossMAT (1898, p.

295-

92. pl. 14 [20], fig. 1J [=Ammonites
dellisollianus STOLICZKA. 1865, p. 130, pl.
45. fig. 2 only], from the TrichinopolyGroup of India, has characters somewhat
intermediate between Lezl'esiceras SI'ATH ..
1922 and :\ou•akites. On studying its
holotype (GSI. 263j, I am rather inclined
to refer it to :Vozeakites.
!lmmonit es draschei REDTE;.; BACHER
t1873. p. 123. pl. 30, fig. 1). from theGosau beds (Santonian part according to
BJ{J~Kl\IA?\N. 1935) is probably a speciesof Nowakites. apparently transitional to
Canadocera.~ SPATH. 1922.
Ammonites dureri REDTE:\BACHER (1873.
p. 118, pl. 28. fig. 2). another Gosau beds
species, does not belong to JVou·nkites
but to Pseudokossma/icera.~ SPATH. 1922.
as I have already pointed out (\lATSU·
MOTO, 1955a, p. 144).
The holotype of Sonneratia sauini DE
GROSSOUVRE (1893. p. 152. pl. 25. fig. 4),
from the Santonian of France. may bereferable to Nou•akites, but a bitubercu·
late paratype (GROSSOUVRE. 1893. p. 152,
pl. 37, fig. 4) I regard as a species. pro·bably new, of Teshioiles MATSUMOTO.
1955, allied to T. teshioensis MATSCJ\IOTO(1955, p. 174 and 178).
Pachydiuus linderi DE GROSSOUVHE(189·1, p. 188. pl. 18) was referred to
Nowakites by SPATII (1922. p. 124.1 and
CoLLIG!\ON (1955. p. 78).
The large
holotype of this species, from theConiacian of France, and another similar·
ly large example from the Upper
Turonian of :1\ladagascar, were later
assigned lo Pachydesmoceras SPATH.
1922. by COLLIGNON himself (1961. p. 41!,and I agree with this attribution.
Nowallites
denticulatus
l\IARSJIALL(1926. p. 189, pl. 25. fig. 3: pl. 38, fig.'5).
from the Campanian of New Zealand,and Pachvdiscus bystrzycae NoWAK i 1913.
p. 353, pl. 40. fig. 9, pl. 43, fig. 27: pl.
44. fig. 37). from the Campanian of

29()

Tatsu1·o MATSUMOTO

Poland, do not seem to be referable to
JVowakites. Although I have not seen theoriginal specimens, the former may bereferred to Gunnarites of Kossmaticeratidae and the latter to Pachydiscus
itself.
Affinities :-Nowakites is evidently
allied to and probably derived from. or
has a common ancestor (Eopachydiscus
WRIGHT, 1955) with. Lewesiceras SPATH,
1922. The former has more compressed
whorls with less cordate sections andmore deeply incised, less massive suturalelements than the latter. Representative
species of Nowakites have on the septate
whorl weaker and more crowded ribs
than those of Lewesicera.~ at corresponding growth-stage. Some, if not all,-species of Lezt·esiceras attain a huge size
at which the shell become smoothish.
Nowakites is small or of moderate size,
so far as the available material is-concerned. Lewesiceras ranges from
Upper Cenomanian to Coniacian. with the
maximum abundance in the Turonian,
while Nowakites occurs in the Coniacianand Santonian.
Canadoceras SPATH, 1922, from theUpper Santonian and Campanian, isdosely related to and probably directly
derived from J.'liowakites. In typical ex·
am pies Canadoceras has more compressed
whorls, more numerous and stronger ribs
and more deeply and finely incised,narrower sutural elements than Nowakites. The multicostation and constriction in the immature stages of Nowakite~seem to be extended to the later growth·
stages in Cmzadoceras. The shell of
Canadoceras in the middle or adolescentstage has stronger umbilical tubercles
No ·17a( -1/4 val.)

DiameLcr

Umbilicus

no17.6(0.24)

and stronger major ribs and more distinct constrictions than Nowakites ofcorresponding size. Some species ofCanadoceras attain a large size in which
the tubercles and constrictions are
weakened. A few species, such as
Nowakites draschei REDTE~BACHER, 1873,
from the Santonian of the Alps. andCanadoceras yokoyamai (JDIBO) (1894, p.
31, pl. 2, fig. 3) (see MATSUMOTO, 1954,
1959), from the Upper Santonian andCampanian of japan and Pacific side ofNorth America, have apparently intermediate characters between the twogenera.
Distribution :-Several speices of Nowakites are known from the Coniacian andSantonian of France and Austria. In
other areas very few examples of thegenus have been described.

Nou:akites flaccidicostus (ROl\IER)
Pl. 32. Fig. Ia b, c; Text-fig. 1
1852. Ammonites fiaccidicosta Ro~IER. Die
Kreidebildungen von Texas und ihre
organischen Einschliisse, p. 33. pl. l,t'tg. Ia, b.
1928. ,vowakites (?) fiaccidicosta, AoKJ:-:s,Univ. Texas Bull. 2338, p. 221.

Lectotype:- The larger of the two
syntypes, No. 47 of the Palaeontologicali\luseum, University of Bonn, as illustrated in this paper, Pl. 32, Fig. Ia, b, c, isdesignated here as the lectotype. The
other syntype is not referable to thepresent species.
J\lea.~urements in millimeters (in deformed condition):Height34( +)
31.0

Breadth
l5x2
28.5

B/H
0.9
0.92

510.

Notes on A1nrnon·ites j laccidicosta Ro iHER

Descriplion :- The lectot ype is asomewhat deformed internal mould;
the unil lu strated side is poorly preserved.
A half of t he preserved last whorl isunseptate, representing a body-cham ber.
T he whorl enlarges fairly rapid ly,
embracing a rather narrow umbi li cus.
It is sli g htly hig her than broad, ha v ing
a proportion of about 10:9 between
height and breadth, and is subelli ptical
1n cross section, wi th the maximum
thickness s lightly below the midd le ofthe flank.
T he ribs are n early radial around theum bili cus, broadly conca ve on the mainpart of the flank and fa irl y strongly
projected on th e venter. They a re weakand crowded on the septate part but
become g r aduall y coa rser and more dis·297

tant on the body-whorl. As the septate
whorl is weathered a round the um bilicus
t he intensity of the umbilical tubercles
and the mode of branching or inter·ca lation of the ribs are not clearly shown.
On the body whorl there is no branch ingof the r ibs, t he shorter r ibs arise atabout the middle of the flank, and theumbi li cal tuber cles a re low a nd bullate.
The suture, w hich is in part weathered,shows a general pachy discid pattern,having a trifid lateral lobe l L.i some·what deeper than the ventral lobe (E ).
A uxiliar y elements, includ ing U2 and U4,
are gently descend ing. The lobes andsaddles are mode rately incised and not
extremely narrowed.
R emarks :- The illustrat ion of RoMER(1852, pl. 1, fig. Ia, b) (F ig. 1 of thisFig. 1. Ammonite:; .fiaccidicosta Rih JER . Re p r odu c lion of t he o rigi nal
illu s lra l io n ( Ri.i:- JER, 1852, pl. 1, fig. la, b).
(Ack now ledge m e n ts are
ex l e nd e d Lo Pro fes sor Kolor a liATA J of To hok u Univers it y for Lhi s
r e produ ction.)

298

Tal.~uro MATSUMOTO

paper) was obviously too much restored.
Affinities :-The described lectotype of
A. jlaccidicosta resembles in man~' respects the holotype of No!l'akites rarezi(UE GROSSOUVRE) (189-!. p. 190. pl. 25.
fig. 3!, preserved in the ivluscum :\ationald'llistoire Naturelle. Paris. The former
has a narrower umbilicus (2:1 as compared w·ith 28 percent of diameter) andless compressed. septate whorl and some·what stronger ribs than the latter. The
two specimens have the same type ofribbing and their constrictions on the
septate whorl are commonly shallow andweak. The suture of the French speci·
men was described as unl<nown but isactually incompletely exposed. showinga pachydiscid type.
To sum up the lectotype of 11mmonites_llaccidicosla is so close to the holotypeof Nowakites carezi that it is justifiable
to refer it to Nowakites. It could be.
furthermore, suggested that the above
mentioned difference might be within avariation of the identical species.
Nowa!?iles }1accidicostus (Rii~IER) is
similar to but distinguished from Nowalliles paiJ/ettei (D'ORBIGNY) (1&11, p. 339.
pl. 102. figs. 1, '1) (see also GROSSOUVRE.
189'1. p. 149. pl. 37, tlg. 2) in its weakerand non-sigmoidal ribs.
YocNG fl963. p. 55. pl. 16. figs. 5. 6;
pl. 76. fig. 5; text-fig. lOb) described a
specimen from the Austin Chalk as
Nmcakites (?J sp. cf. N. (?l jlaccidicostus.
It is larger and has a higher whorl thanthe lectotype but is still septate. The
character of its inner whorl is not wellshown. Therefore I hesitate to conclude
its specific identity.
Occurrence:-The lertotype \vas re·corded as having been found at theWaterfall of Guadalupe below Ne\\'·Braunfels. Texas. The matrix of thefossil is chalky rock containing abundant bioclastic fragments (mostly frag·mentary, small pieces of Inoceramus
shells and prisms) and some coarsegrained minerals.
Genus /'scudo_iacoliites SPATH, 1922
Type-species :-Pachydiscus farmeryi
CRICK. 1910, from the Turonian ofEngland, by original designation.
Generic diagnosis:-The shell is rather
small to moderate in size. The \vhorl iscordate or oval in cross section. withmore or less inflated flanks. It is ornamented with radial ribs. umbilical tuber·cles and also in the late growth-stage
ventrolateraland ventral tubercles.
Constrictions may be rather weak.
In the type-species, the suture is notclearly known. In another species. P.
rotalillliS (STOLICZI\A), it is of pachy·
discid type and considerably incised.
Remarks:- The holotype of Pachydiscus farmeryi CRICK (1910. p. 345, pl.
27. figs. 1. 2). Bl'vl. C 12220, is indeed
imperfectly preserved. but it does show
particular characters which deserve
generic distinction.
As ·WRIGHT and ~viATSUlltOTO (1954. p.
1.2,1) remarked. 1lmmrmites rolalinus
STOLTCZKA (1865, p. 65, pl. 3-!, fig. 2)(KOSS!\IAT. 1897. p. 91 [156]. pl. H [20].
fig. 3), the holotype of which I have recently studied at the Geological Surveyof India, is probably another example of
Pseudojocobiles, of which Rotalinites
SliiMIZIJ. 1935, is a synonym. WRIGHT
showed me another example of Pseudojacobites recently collected by ~Jr. S~IITII
from the Chalk Rock of England. In
addition to Pseudojacobites masiaposensis(COLLIC:'\ON. 1955), /'seudojacobites ankobensis Coi.LIGNO:\ (1965) has recently been
described from the Upper Turonian ofl\ladagascar. The latter seems to be
characterized by having more precocious
development of \·entrolateral and siphonal

510.

Note~;

on Ammonites jlac;cidicosta H6AIFR

tubercles and smaller umbilical tubercles
than the former, as \VRICI!T (letter of\larch 3. 1966) has noted. I am going
to describe below another new species
from Texas.
.{tfiuities :-Psewlojacobites resembles
Lewesiceras and also Nowakites. bLll isdistinguished by the presence of ventrolateral and ventral tubercles.
A transitional feature from LczresiCC'ras to Pseudojacobites is shown by sucha species as Pachydi.~cus auapadcnsis{Koss:.IAT) (1898, p. 90 [155], pl. VJ [20],fig. 2) [=Ammonites peramp/us. STOLICZKA. 1865. p. 130. pl. 65, figs. l. 2, 110/l
Mantell. 1822], which is close to Lcwesiceras mautelti WRIGHT and WRIGHT{1951. p. 20 [=.·lmmonites peramplus.
SIIARI'E. 1853. p. 26, pl. 10, fig. 3 (Only),
non :'viA~TELL, 1822] but has strengthening and then incipient tuberculation of
the ribs at the ventrolateral shoulders.
This Indian species should be kept in
Lewesiceras, since it has no siphonnl
tubercles.
Distribution :-The hitherto known
species of Pseudojaco/Jites have beenrecorded as occuring in the Turonian
and Coniacian of England. India and:\·ladagascar. A new species here described is presumed to be from theSenonian (?)of Texas, but its true stratigraphic and geographic range should bedetermined by further collecting.
Pseudo;acobites texanus sp. nov.
Pl. 32, Figs. 2a, b. c. d1852. Ammonites .17accidicosta Ro~tER, Die
Kreidegebildungen 11011 Texas und ihre
organischen Einsch/iisse, p. 33 (parts.).

J/olotype :-The smaller of the two
syntypes of Ammonites jlaccidicosta
Ri5MEI~. No. 47 of the Palaeontological.\luseum, University of Bonn.

299

Description :-The holotype is incompletely preserved. consisting of a half
whorl. about G5 mm. in diameter. The
umbilicus is estimated at about 28
percent of the diameter .
The whorl is rounded and rather
cordate in cross section, being slightly
higher than broad, \Vith height of 26 mm.
and breadth of 25 mm.. and broadest at
about one third of the height.
The ribs arc numerous. slightly narrower than the interspaces. of moderateintensity, and of unequal length. Four
longer ribs on a half whorl are provided
with umbilical tubercles and accompaniedby constrictions. They are concave on
the flank and moderately projected on
the venter. Some of the ribs havetubercles at the ventrolateral shoulder
and on the siphonalline. On the minor
ribs the tubercles are \'cry small; thewntral one is double consisting of t\VOtiny ones on either side of the siphonalline. On the major ribs the ventral
tubercles are single, situated on thesiphonal line, and these and ventrolateral
tubercles are strengthened.
The suture. which is incompletely
exposed and partly eroded, is of pachydiscid type, having a trifid lateral lobelL), smaller U2 and still smaller U-1.
The sutural elements are moderately
ir.cised.
Jlffinities :-The specimen from the
Chalk Rock (Upper Turonian) of Englandis closely similar to the present species
in that the ventral tubercles are doubleon the septate whorl. The holotype of
Pseudojacobites farmeri (CRICK). from thezone of Holaster planus, England, hasapparently more compressed whorls but
is secondarily deformed; it has finerand more numerous minor ribs, andlarger umbilical tubercles which arehigher up the side.
Pseudojacobites
rotalinus (STOLJCZKA), from the" Utatur"

Tatsu·ro MATSUMOTO

300(?) Group of India and the Turonian (?)
of Madagascar. has more depressed
whorls. wider umbilicus, more frequentmajor ribs and stronger tubercles. ofwhich the umbilical ones are shifted
upward and the ventral ones are single.
Pseudojacobites ankobensis CoLI.IGX01\(1965, p. 10, pl. 380. fig. 1613), from theUpper Turonian of ~·ladagascar, has also
depressed whorls and stronger tubercles
than the present new species.
Ocwrrence :-The single
available
specimen was recorded as being foundat the Waterfall of Guadalupe below
New-Braunfels. Texas. On the innerside of the body-chamber numerous
small shells of E.rogyra are attached.
The matrix is line limy rock with little
bioclastic and mineral fragments.

Concluding Remarks
As a result of the restudy of the two
syntypes of Ammonites jfaccidicosta
RUMER, 1852. the following two species
are distinguished :Nowakiles flaccidicoslatus (ROMER).
represented by the lectotype, des·ignated in this paper, andPseudojacobites texanus sp. nov .. represented by the other syntype.
which is designated in this paper
as the holotype of this new species.
The two specimens were recorded tohave been found at the ·waterfall of
Guadalupe below New-Braunfels. Texas.
They could be, howe,·er, of different
stratigraphic position. since they are
dissimilar in the lithology of their rockmatrix. To quote from kind informationfrom Prof. K. You:-<G iletter of Dec. 6.
19G5), "The fossil from the line-grained
lim:r rock with small shells of Fxog_,.,-a(?) is probably from the Dessau 1\lember.
Lower Campanian. my zone of Submor-

toniceras tequesquitense. However, thezone of Prionocyclus does contain Exogyra
sp. cfr. co/umba in this area. The fossil
from the bioclastic formation should befrom the Coniacian part of the Austin.
This agrees with the reporting of
Nowakites from the lower Austin by
ADKI:-.:s and HAZZARD at many localities
in the Rio Grande Valley." Anyhow.
further collecting from better definedbeds is necessary for more precise
evaluation of these ammonites.

Hcferenccs Cited
Ao1<1:-.s. W. S. (1928) : Handbook of Texas
Cretaceous fossils. Univ. Texas Bull .•2636. 303p., 37 pis .. index.
BRI:\K~IA~N. Roland (1935): Die Ammoniten
der Gosau und des Flysch in den nordlichen Ostalpen. Beitriigc zur Kenntnis
dcr alpinen Obcrkrcide Nr. 2. Mitt. geol.
Staalsinst. Hamburg. (15). 1-14.
CoLI.H;:>~O!",
Maurice (19S5):
Ammonites
neocrctacces du Menabe (Madagascar).
11.-Les Pachydiscidae. Ann. geol. Serv.
11-tines, Madagascar, 21. 1-98. pis. 1-28.
- - - , (1961) : Ammonites neocretacces du1\lenabc (Madagascar). V!Il.-Les Desmoccratidac. :lnn. geol. Serv. Mines.
Madagascar. 31. 1-115, pis. 1-32.
· - - - . (1965) : Atlas des Fossiles Caracteristiques de Madagascar (:lmmonites). 12(Turonien). 82p., pis. 376-413: 13 (Coniacicn). 88p .. pk -114-454, Scr\'. Geol. Tananat·ivc.
CRICK. G. C. (1910):
Note on two cephalopods (l'aclzydiscus jarmeri and Heteroceras reussianum) from the Chalk of
Lincolnshire. Geo/. Mag. [Dec. VJ. 6.
3-!5-8.
GRossoU\'RE, Albert DE (1894) : Recherches
sur Ia Craie superieurc. II Paleontologic
Les ammonites de Ia Craie supcrieureMem. Carte geol. det. Fra11ce (1893). 264
p .. 39 pis.
]1:-.IBo, Kotora (18~J.I) : Bcitrage zur Kcnntniss
der Fauna der Krcideformation von

510.

~\ otes on
1

Anwwnites .flaccidicosta. ROMER

Hokkaido. Paliiont. Abhandl. 6 [N. F 2J.
(3). 149-194 [1-46]. pi 17-25 [18].
Koss:>.IAT, F. (1898): Untersuchungen iiber
die Si.iclindische Kreideformation, Ill.
Beitr. Paliion/. Ceo/. Osterr.-Ungrans
Orients, I I. 89-152 [154-217J, pis. 14-19[20-25].
MANTELl., G. (1822) : Fossils of the South
Downs. 320p .. 43 pls .. London.
MARSHALL. P. (1926): The Upper Cretaceousammonites of New Zealand. Trans. N. Z.
lnst .. 56. 129-210, pis. 19-48.
MATSU~IOTo.
Tatsuro (1955a) :FamilyKossmaticeratidae from Hokkaiclo andSaghalien. japan. jour. Ceo/. Ceogr .. 26.
115-164. pis. 8-10.
- - - - . (1955b) : The bituberculate pachy·
discids from Hokkaido and Saghalien.
Mem. Fac. Sci .. Kyushu Univ. [D]. Ceo/..
5. (3). 153-184, pis. 31-37.
- - - . (1959) : Upper Cretaceous ammonites of California. Part II. Mem. Fac.
Sci .. Kyushu Unit: .. [OJ. Ceo/.. Special
VOL 2. 1-172. pis. 1-•11.
NowAK, J (1913): Untersuchungen tiber die
Cephalopoden clcr oberen Kreide in Polen.
III. Bull. .-lead. Sci .. Cracot•ie, [B]. 1913.
335-415, pis. 40-45.
0RHIG;o..:Y, :\Icicle o· (1840-12) : Pa/eontolog,iefranraise. Tenains ere/aces I. Cepha/opodes. 662p .. 1·18 pis. [1-120 (18•10): 121430 (l8·U): 431-662 (1942)]. Paris.
(1850) : Prodrome de Paleontologie
Stratigraphique Unil!erse/le des Animaux
Mollusques et Rayontuis. 2.
REDTE:"H:\CHER. A. (1873): Die Cephalopoden
fauna der Gosauschichten in den nordo·
stlichcn AI pen. :lbhand/. Ceo/. Reichsansl ..
5. 91-J.IO. pis. 22-30.
Ro~IER. F. A. (1852) :Die Kreidebildungen
von Texas und ihre organischen Einschliisse &c .. lOOp .. 11 p1s .. Bonn.
SCHLUTER. Clement (1871-76): Die Cephalopoden der oberen deutschen Kreide.
Palaeonlograplzica. 21. 24 (21. 1-24. pls.

301

1--8, 1871: 25-120, pis. 9-35. l8i2: 24. 121264. pis. 36-55, 1876).
SHARPE. Daniel (1853-57) : Description of
the fossil remains of mollusca found in
the Chalk of England. 1. Cephalopoda.
Palaeonlogr. Soc. (1853--57). 68p .. 27 pis ..
[1-26. pis. 1-10. 1853: 27-36. pls. 11-16
1855: 37-68. pis. 17-27. 1857: index. 1909=.
SHIMIZl'.
Saburo(1935):The Cpper
Cretaceous cephalopods of Japan. Part I.
jour. Shanghai Sci. Ins/. [IIJ. 2. 159-226.
SPATH. L. F. (1922) : On the Senonian ammonite fauna of Pondoland. Trans. Roy.
Soc. South .4frica, 10. (3). 113-147. pis.
5-9.
STOI.ICZI'-"'· Ferdinand (1863-66): Ammonitidae. with reYision of the Nautilidae . etc.
In BLANFORD. M. F. & STOLICZKA. F .•1861-1866. The fossil cephalopoda of theCretaceous rocks of southern India. Mem.
Ceo/. Sun•. India. Palaeont. Indica, (3].
41-216. pis. 26-94 [•ll-56. pis. 26-31. 1863:
57-106. pls. 32-54. 1864: 107-154, pls. 5580, pl. 66a. 1865: 155-216. pis. 81-9•1. 1866]
WRIGHT. C. IV. (1955): Notes on Cretaceous
arnmonites.-1!. The phylogeny of the
Desrnocerataceae and the Hoplitaceae.
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist .. [12]. 8. 561-515.
WRIGHT, C. \V. and MAT:WMOTO. Tatsuro·(1954) : Some doubtful Cretaceous am·
monite genera from Japan and Sa!{halicn.
Mem. Fac. Sci., Kyushu Unir. [D~. Ceo/ ..
4. (2). 107-134. pis. 7--8.
WRIGHT. C. W. and WRIGHT. E. V. (1951):
A !;urvey of the fossil Cephalopoda of
the Chalk of Great Britain. Primarily
a nomendatorial re\·ision of Daniel
SHAll PE's "Dcscripticn of the fossil remains of mollusca found in the Chalk ofEngland. Part I Cephalopoda" (1853-1857).
Palaeontogr. Soc. (1950). 40p.
YoU!':G. Keith(1963): Upper Cretaceousammonites from the Gulf Coast of theGnited States. Uni1·. Texas Pub/ .. 6304.
ix+142p .. incl. 82 pi;. and 34 text-figs.

302

Tatsuro MATSUMOTO

Explanation of Plate 32
Page
Fig. 1. Nowakites jlaccidicostus (Rb~lER) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .................. 296
Lectotype, No. 47 (a). Palaeological Museum, University of Bonn, from the Waterfall of Guadalupe beolw ~ew.Braunfels. Texas. Lateral (a) and ventral (b) views,
xl. and external part of septal suture (c). x2.
Fig. 2. Pseudojacobites texan us sp. nov ................................................. 299
Holotype, ~o. 47 (b), Palaeontological Museum, University of Bonn, from theWaterfall of Guadalupe below New·Braunsfels, Texa;,;. Two lateral (a, b) andventral (c) views. x l. and external suture (d). x2.
Kyushu University photo
Sutures are drawn by T. M .. with some restoration (in broken line) of eroded parts.

T. MATSUMOTO:

Ammonites fiaccidicosta

Plate 32

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan, N. S .. No. 63, pp. 303-315, pis. 33, :H, Sept. 30, 1966

511.

UPPER PERMIAN FUSULINIDS FROl\I THE T AISHAKULL\TESTONE IN \VEST JAPAN*
KI.MIYOSHI SADA
Institute of Geology. Faculty of General
Education, Hiroshima University

and
TSURUO YOKOY Ai\·IA
Onoda Cement & Co. Ltd.

'r'ii Ff!:fi Y('!H-1 !furlii(J)J: tt~:=.-ilti:.C~;'J*'lE!.l.t : 'ffflWli'Y( {';O)J:l'i~=-·ffi:17:. t~Jtf~ ;;, ·0 iXO)~Ji*'~!.!! ft'fi~:;;;t~~J U.:O)·c. .:. .:. ;.:.iJi~·~li · *~~-n>o ,\cillX~ :I'Lt.:~fifiiXO) U; :1 ·c ~ 7.> -tt.J::b~.:>Yabeina multiseptata multiseptata (DEPRAT). Y. m. shiraiwensis OzAwA. }'.
elmzgata (GL'13LER). Y. minuta THOMPSO;\' & WHEELER, C/wsenella sp. A (f) 5 fm·c :b;.::,, Y. m. shiraiwensis li:.;fi:Jj;O) 1:g1; ~:fi:-*i.:. 'b-? c t ~ 1dl t;nlt.::>1oft"C'.:!? IJ, V. m. multiseptata c l'. elongata c Lt..:{,(J)!i Cambodia c7)_f-.l'1B:::.:\:::if;:H;:. GuBLER (1935),
SKI?>;="iER & WILD (195-1) .toJ:Oii:J:I:. ~ttl: (1964) :.:.J:'.)C:~fli!;-;':::ht.:'b(7)cflil~l!-cJ~~.
Yabeina minuta !i.:lt:lf':G7) British Columbia (TIIO~IPSO="i & WHEELER. 1942) ~Cam­bodia (Titt · !1!1 1:. 1964) rif(1)tG7)1:pij-;£~:/'L-?;,, .::ft,t,(1)*JiM!!hnif.i·. .;J:-,:.:';,{*Jl;l\l!c7)ftTi
p,f:i*~I)(7)J·.tl!l='-11i:if;O)#.i~'UH::1,1\'f.G7) ') ::"-r-t.'fWt.:.t:~IOC~Jt- L., :?·-? Cambodia O){t:t;nt~~ t.t!t i: :!'1.. ~.
f.: Ill ~: k7- · ~ til 1/!i i;j[<Introduction

Carboniferous and Permian fusulinids of
the Taishaku Limestone have been remained undescribed. Recently one of theauthors (YOKOYAMA. 1957. 1960) publishedthe descriptions of Carboniferous andPermian corals from the limestone, andin 1959 gave a brief report concerning
the occurrence of the }· abeina fauna in
the Yasumoto formation distributed in
the central part of this limestone
plateau. A few years later. the authors
reinvestigated the '{asumoto formationand examined a large number of available thin sections prepared by themselves.
As a result of the study. J'abeina mu/liseptata multise.ptata (DEPART). Y. m.
shiraiwensis OzAWA, Y. nzinuta THOMP-

The Taishaku Limestone. well exposedin the northern part of Hiroshima Prefecture belonging to the Inner Zone ofWest japan. contains a large number ofCarboniferous and Permian fusulinids
supremely important for the purposesof zoning the limestone and expanding
the regional and international correlations.
The concise outline of thestratigraphy of this limestone has been
known by the works of l-L\:-;zAW A(19,12) and FUJI:\IOTO (19-14). However,* Recei,·ed !\larch 16, 1966: read Nov. 7,
1965 at 92nd l\leeting of the PaleontologicalSociety of japan, at Chiba.

803

304

I<:irniyoshi SADA and T:·m.ruo 1'0KOYAMA

0

('('\
('('\

.-I
Text-fig. L 1\lap showing the fos~il locality in the Taishaku
Limestone Plateau. Hiroshima Prefecture.

& WHEELER. Y. elongala (GUBLER)
and Chusenella sp. A were identified,among which the second was most abundant. Compared with the Upper Permian
fusulinid faunas in various localities ofjapan, the Yasumoto fauna is quite unique in containing Y. elongata, and it
seems that the fauna corresponds closelyin specific composition with the Cambodian faunas described by GUBLER (1935)
and ISJIII and NOGAl\!I (196,1). In thispaper the authors propose the name of
Yabeina elongata zone to the Yasumoto
formation characterized by the fusulinids
listed above. and also give the complete
descriptions of them. As to the detalis
SONof the Permian stratigraphy of thislimestone, the readers are requested torefer to the paper which will be described by YoKOYAI\IA in the nearest
future.
Systematic Paleontology

Family Fusulinidae IVWJ.LER. 1878
Subfamily Neoschwagerininae
Dt;:'\BER & CO:'\DRA, 1928
Genus Yabeina DEI'RAT. 1914}'abeina multisepta/a multiseptata(DEPRAT)511.

Upper Penniun Fnsulinids f,.om the Ta.ishaku. Limestone

Pl. 33, figs. 4-5. 7-8
1912. Neoscltwagerina(Szmzatrina)
multisepta/a DEPRAT. Mem. Serv. geol. Indoc/tine. Vol. 1. Fasc. 3. pp. 53-55, pl.
3. figs. 2-8.
191-t Neoschwagerina(Sumatrina)
multisepta/a, DEPRAT. ibid .. Vol. 3, Fasc. 1.
pp. 3'1-35, pi. 5, ft!-(S. 7-ll.
1922. Neoscltwagerina ( Yabeina) hayasakai.
OzAWA. Ceo/. Soc. Tokyo. jour., Vol.
29, No. 348. pp. 369-370, pl. I, fig. 2.
1924. Neosclzwagerina multiseptata, CoL\NI.
Mem. Serv. geol. Jndochine. Vol. 11.
Fasc. 1. pp. 154--155, pl. 15. tig. 1: pl.
24. figs. 12-13: pl. 25. figs. 1-8, 10-12.
U-15: pl. 26, figs. 1-2. 4. 6-18.
1935. Neosclzwagerina multiseptata, GUBLER.
Mem. Soc. geol. France. Nov. Ser .. T.
11, Fasc. 4, pp. 119-123. pl. 3, tig. 5: pl.
6, figs. I, 3. 8-10: pl. 7, fig. 5.
1935. Neosclzwagerina megasplzaerica, GunLER.
ibid., pp. 114-116. pl. 7, tlg. 3: pl.
6, fig. 4.
1948. Lepidolina mu/tiseptata. T11m1 Pso:-;.
Protozoa, Art. 1, Uni1J. Kansas, pp. 6667, pl. 20, fig~. 5 6 : pl. 22. figs. 1-5.
1954. Lepidolina multiseptata, SKJ:-;:-;ER &\\'JLD. jour. Paleont., Vol. 28, No. -1.
pp. 44\l-450, pl. 52, ligs. 1-5.
1964. Yabeina
multiseptata
multiseptata,
IsHII & ~OGA~II.
jour. Geosci .. Osaka
City Unit•., Vol. 8, Art. 2. pp. 17-20, pl.
3. figs. 1-3: pl. 4. figs. 1-3: pl. 5, figs.

1-4.

present specimens~ame from the Yasumoto formation at
Loc. A52207 and illustrated ones are as
follows: l~g. No. A52207-4. i\52207-9.
A52207-10 and A52207-1L Beside them,
many specimens from the same locality
were prepared.
Description:- The shell of Yabeina
multiseptata multiseptata (DEI'RAT) is
large and inflated fusiform, with astraight axis of coiling. The lateralslopes are nearly straight to gently
concave. The specimen (Rg. No. A52207ll) illustrated as fig. 7 on Pl. 33 is 7.75
1Vfaterial :-The:305

mm. in length and 4.75 mm. in width.
givrng a form ratio of 1.6. The ratiosof the half length to the radius vectorof the 1st to the l,lth volution of a
specimen (Rg. N'o. A52207-ll) are 0.95,
0.93. 0.9'1, 1.07. 1.1-1, 1.17. 1.24. 1.39, 1.-l7.
1.57, 1.59, 1.63, 1.73 and 1.65, respectively.
The proloculus is large and spherical.
Its outside diameter ranges from 585 to
990 microns. The shell expands rapidly
and almost uniformly throughout thegrowth. The radius vectors of a specimen (Rg. ~o. i\52207-11) are 396. 528,
661. 922. 925. 1.020, 1.152, 1,303. U35
1.586. 1,775. 1,964, 2,096 and 2.'155
microns. respectively, for the 1st to theUth volution.
The spirotheca is thin and consists ofa tectum and a very thin l<eriothecawith very fine alveoli. The thickness ofthe spirotheca at its thinnest point between the adjacent septula in a certain
form (Rg. No. A52207-4) is 11-18 microns
in the 1st to the 15th volu tion.
The septa and septula are present
throughout the shell. One primitive
secondary spiral septulum occurs in the
1st volution and two septula appear in
the 5th or the 6th volution.
The foramina are small and circular incross section.
Nemarks:-}'abeina mulliseptata mulliseptata was originally described by
DEPRAT (1912) from Sisophon in Cambodia under the name of 1Veoschu·agerina(Sumatrina) multiseptala. Very recently
ISHJJ & NoGA\11 (1964) described thisspecies from 13attambang Province ofCambodia under the name of Yabeina.
and then they divided it into threesubspecies, namely. L multiseptata multiseptata (DEPRAT).
Y.
m. gigantea(GURLEI~) and Y. 111. shiraiwensis OZAWA,
the last of which is to be described
below. The specimens in authors· collection coincide with the CambodianKim.i,yoshi SADll (ti!d Tsnnw YOKOL4AIA

306
Table 1.

Measurements of Yabcirw multiseptala multisepta/a (fh:I'RAT)------

t\5~207-11

--

-~

33-7
7. 75
4. 75
1.6
0.623
Vol.
1
2
3
4

5
6
7
8
\)

10
11
12
13
14
15

0.396
0.528
0.661
0.922
0.925
1. 0201. 152
1. 303
1. 435L 586
1. 775
1. 9642.096
2.455

Hatio of HI.;Rv.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

0.95
0. 93
0.94
1. 07
1. 14
1. 17
1. 24
1. 39
1. 47
1. 57
1. 59
1. 63
1. 73
1. 65

Thickness of spirotheca

0
1
2
3

. 023
. 016
. 023
. 016
.023
.018
. 016
. 021
. 016
.023
. 023
.025
. 016
. 021
. 018

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

.009
. 011
. 013
. 013
. 018
. 016
. 013
. 011
. 016
. 011
. 016
. 011
. 018
. 013
. 013
. 018

(Measurements in millimeters)

.:; 11.

Upper Permia.n Fusulinids from the Ta.ishaku Limestone

ones in the following respects. namely.
the general shape of the shell, the sizeof the shell, the form ratio. the size ofthe proloculus, the radius vector andthe essential internal biocharacters.
Yabeina multiseptata multiseptata resembles 1·. m. shiraiwensis OZAWA moreclosely than any other known species.
They are, however. distinguished fromeach other, for Y. m. multiseptata has
the larger proloculus, somewhat thinnerspirotheca and rather rapider expansionof the shell for the corresponding
volution.
Occurrence :-Commonly found in the}'abeina elongata zone of the Yasumoto
formation at Yasumoto (Loc. A52207) on
the Taishaku Plateau; the associatedfusulinids are l'abeina multiseptata
shiraiwensis. r. minuta, Y. elongata andChusenella sp. A.
Yabeina mulliseptata shiraiwensis
OZAWA

Pl. 33, figs. 1-3

1925. Yabeina shiraiwensis OZAWA. jour.
Col/. Sci., Imp. Univ. Tokyo. Vol. 45.
Art. 6, pp. 63-64. pl. 2. figs. 2b, 5c. 7b :pl. 10, figs. 1-2.
1936. Yabeina shiraiwensis, HLiJI~IOTO. Sci.
Rep. Tokyo Bunrika Daigaku. Ceo/. C.
Vol. 1, ~o. 2. pp. 122-123. pl. 26. figs.
1-7.
1942. J' abeina shiraiu:ensis, TORIYAMA. japan.
four. Ceo/. Ceogr .. Vol. 18. No. 4, p. 245.
pl. 24. figs. 1-6.
1942. Yabeina yasubaensis. TORIYA~IA. ibid ..
p. 2·16. pl. 25, figs. 8-13.
1954. Yabeina yasubaensis. K,\:->MERA. Mem.
Fac Sci .. Kyushu Uniz: .. Ser. D. Vol. 4,:\o. 1. pp. 18--19. pl. 2. figs. 10-13: pl. 5.
figs. 14-19.
1956. Yabeina shiraiwensis. CuE:->. Pa/eont.
Sinica. New Ser. B. No. 6, pp. B. 6465. pl. 16. figs. 8-10.
1956. }'abeina shiraiwensis. IvloRIKAWA. Sci.

307

Rep. Saitama UnilJ .. Ser. B. Vol. 2. No.
2. pp. 254-256, pl. 33. figs. 1-11: pi 34.
figs. 8-9.
1958. Yabeina shiraizcensis. ToRJYA~IA. Mem.
Fac. Sci .. Kyushu Univ., Ser. D. VoL 7.
pp. 236-241. pi 45. figs. 1-11.
1958. Yabeina yasubaensis, ToRJYA~IA. ibid ..
pp. 211--244. pl. 45. figs. 12-14.
1958. Yabeina yasubaensis. NoGA:\!1. Mem.
Col/. Sci .. Univ. /(yolo, Ser. B. Vol. 25.
No. 2, pp. 102-103. pl. 1, fig. 8
1958. Yabeina shiraiwensis. MoRIKAWA ct al.
jub. Pub. Commem. Prof. H. Fujimoto
Sixtieth Birth. p. 89. pl. 6, fig. 9.
1960. }'abeina shi1·aiwensis. CIIISAKA. Col/.
Art. Sci .. Chiba Univ .. VoL 3. No.2. pp.
248-249. pl. 5. figs. 1-10: pl. 6. fig. 5.
1960. Fabeina shiraiwensis, MoRIEAWA. Sci.
Rep. Saitama UniP .. Ser. B, Vol. 3, No.
3. pp. 296-297. pl. 53. figs 1-9.
1961. l'abeina shiraiwensis. ?\ocA~ll. Ml'm.
Coli. Sci .. Uinv. Kyoto, Ser. B. VoL 28.
No. 2. pp. 186-190. pi 8. fig:;. 1-8.
1962. }'abeina shiraiwensis, ISHII & .:-ioc;A~II.
jour. Ceosci .. Osaka City Unit• .. Vol. 8,
Art. 2, pp. 13-17.
1964. l'abeina
multiseptata
shiraizce11sis,
Is~111 & NoGA~IL jour. Ceosci .. Osaka
City Unh• .. Vol. 8. Art. 2. pp. 13-17.

Malerial :-A large number of specimens from Loc. A52207 \vere examined
and among them three specimens (Rg.
No. A52207-7. A52207-12 and i\52207-5)
are illustrated.
Description :-The shell of Yabeina
multiseplata shiraiwensis OzAWA is large
and inflated fusiform, having a straightaxis of coiling and bluntly pointed poles.
The lateral slopes are straight to gently
concave. The largest specimen (Rg.
No. A52207-5) illustrated as fig. 3 on
Plate 33 is 8.25 mm. in length and 4.40
mm. in width, with a form ratio of 1.9.
The first four volutions are nearly
spherical to subspherical and following
two are highly inflated fusiform. Beyond the 7th volution the shell attains
nearly to its mature shape. The ratios

Kimiyoshi S.4D.4 and Tsnnw YOKOYAMil.308
Table 2.

Measurements of Yabeina multiseptata slziraiwensis OzAw . \SpecimenPl. fig.

LengthWidthForm ratio
Prot.
Radius vector

Ratio of I-!1./RV.

Vol.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

12
13

A52207-7
33-1
6.85
4.50
1.5
0.396

t\52207-5
33-3
8.25
4.40
1.9
0.264

A52207-IZ
33-2
6.25
3.50
1.8
0.321

0.226
0.302
0.396
0.510
0.661
0. 8500.982
1.152
1. 341
1. 548
1. 7371.964
2. 172

0. 1880.283
0. 377
0. ·153
0.566
0.698
0.812
0.963
1. 095
1. 265
1. 454
1. 624
1. 832
2.021

0.2:!b
0.283
0.358
0.434
0.510
0.623
0. 7170.812
0.963
1. 1901. 341]. 473
1. 624
1. 79·1

1. 42
1.50
l. 57
1. 67
1. 6:3
I. 60
1. 67
I. 67
1. 69
1. 65
1. 68
1. 63
1. 65

1. 20
1. 00
I. 05
1. 25
1. •16
I. 46
1. 60
I. 83
2.08
2.10
2. 14
2.15
2. 1-1

0.92
0.87
0.95
1. 22
1. 44
l. 55
1. 61
1. 68
l. 65
L 44
I. 48
1. 54
1. 51

1.-17

J.l

Thickness of
spirotheca

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

12
13
14
15
16

. 027
. 027
. 021
. 027
. 021
.029
.023
.036
. 027
. 023
. 018
. 025
. 023

. 029
. 027
. 023
. 029
. 027
. 021
. 027
. 013
. 016
. 016
. 023
. 016
. 023
. 027
. 025
. 018

. 03·1
. 023
. 025
. 016
. 013
. 021
.027
. 011
. 027
. 021
. 021
. 023
. 023
. 023
. 025
. 025
. 021

(Measurements in millimeters)

511.

Upper l'enn·ian Fusulinids from the Tnishaku Limestoneof the half length to the radius vectorof the 1st to the 13th volution of a
specimen (Rg. No. i\52207-5) are 1.20.
1.00. 1.05, 1.25. l.t16, 1.-16, 1.60, 1.83. 2.08.
2.10, 2.1:1. 2.15 and 2.11, respectively.
The proloculus is moderate and spherical. Its outside diameter is ranging
from 26-1 to 396 microns. The shell istightly coiled in the inner five volutions
and expands uniformly in the outerones. The radius vectors of a specimen
are 188, 283. 377. 453. 566. 698, 812, 963.
1.095, 1,265, 1;15-1, 1,621, 1.832. and 2.021
microns, respectively, for the 1st to the
1-lth volution.
The spirotheca is thin and composedof a tectum and a very thin keriothecawith very fine alveoli. The thickness ofthe spirotheca at its thinnest point between the adjacent septula in a specimen (Rg. No. A52207-5) measures 21-29
microns in the lst to the 6th volution
and 13-27 microns in the 7th to the 15th
volution.
The septa are thin and composed ofa tectum and the downward extensionof the keriotheca. The axial septula
present throughout the shell.
The
secondary spiral septula are very shortand primitive in the inner two or three
volutions, but they become distinct inthe ~th volution. There is one septulum
between the adjacent primary septula in
the inner volutions, but two septula
occur occasionally in the outer ones.
The foramina are very small and cir<:ular in cross section.
Remarks :-In the shell shape, theradius vectors, the proloculus diameter,
the spirothecal thickness. and the internal modes. the present specimens quite
agree with }"abeina shiraiwensis OzAwA(1925, pl. 10. fig. 2) from the Akiyoshi
Limestone. Recently ISHII and NOGAJ\11(19&1) made a comparative study of Y.
shiraiwensis
and}·.
multiseptata:~O!J(DEI'RAT). the latter of which was collected from Cambodia, and they cameto the conclusion that Y. shirain·ensis
was only a subspecies of }". mu!tisepta/a.
The differences between Y. n111ltiseptata~hiraiwensis and r. Ill. mu!tiseptata inthe characters of the shell and themeasured values were fully discussed
by them. Therefore. the further dis·cussion is not necessary in this paper.
Occurrence:- Abundant in the )'abeina
elongata zone of the Yasumoto formation
cropping out at Yasumoto !Loc. A52207)
on the Taishaku Plateau: the associatedfusulinids are }'abeina multisepta/a multi·
septa/a, Y. minuta. Y. elonga/a andClzusenella sp. A.

}'abeina minuta THO.l\II'S0:'-1 &WHEELERPl. 34. figs. 3-4
19-12. Yabeina minuta Ttto~tPso:-.; & \VnEt·:·
LF.R.
jour. Paleont .. Vol. 16. pp. 707708. pl. 106, figs. 6-9, 10'1964. }"abeina minuta, Is1111 & Noc.n11.
jour. Gcosci .. Osaka City Uni11., Vol. 8.
Art. 2. p. 22. pl. ·1. figs. 4-7.

Malerial :-Several specimens wereidentified from Loc. A52207, among
which the illustrated ones were Rg. No.
A52207-3 and A52207-15.
!Je.~cription :-The shell of
Yabeinaminuta THOMPSON and WHEELER is
small and inflated fusiform shape witha straight axis of coiling and bluntly
pointed poles. The lateral slopes are
straight to slightly convex. The specimen (Rg. No. A52207-3) illustrated as
fig. 3 on Pl. 3,1 is 7.85 mm. in length and3.05 mm. in width, giving a form ratioof 2.6. The 1st to 2nd volutions arc
spherical and the 3rd to 7th are highly
inflated fusiform. Beyond the 8th volution the shell becomes its mature shape.

Kimiyoshi S.-W!l and Tsumo

310
Table 3.

l'vlca~urement5of }'abeina minula TIIO:'-!Pso:-: and \Vm:ELER

Specimen i\52207-3:

Pl. 3,1, lig. 3.
- -Length
7.85
Radius vector
Vol.

2
3

0. 207
0.26·1
0.321

Ratio of lli./RL
Vol.
1
2
3

4

0.415

4

0.491
0. 60,1

5

6

7

0.698

7

8
9

0.793
0.944
I. 057
1. 227
1. 378
1. 605

8
9
10

10
11

12
13

----

11

12
13
- -

- -

Pro!.
0.250

Form ratio
2.6

Width
3.05

5
6

YOK01'.4Jl!1

1. 00
1. 43
1. 85
1. 8~
2.12
2.03
2. 16
2.38
2. 50
2. 64
2. 60
2.58
2.35

_,

-------The ratios of the half length to theradius vector of the 1st to the 13th
volution of a specimen (Rg. No. A522073) are 1.00. 1.'13. 1.85, 1.82. 2.12, 2.03, 2.16,
2.38, 2.50, 2.64. 2.60. 2.58 and 2.35. re·specti vely.
The proloculus is moderate and spherical. Its outside diameter measures 250
microns in one of the illustrated specimens. The shell is tightly coiled in the
inner four volutions and expands uni·
formly in the outer ones. The radius
vectors are 207, 26-1. 321, 415, '191. 604.
698, 793, 94<1, 1,057. 1.227, 1.378 and 1,605
microns, respectively. for the 1st to the13th volution.
The spirotheca is thin and composedof a tectum and a very thin keriothecawith very fine alveoli. The thicknessof the spirotheca at its thinnest point
betw·een the adjacent septula in a speci ·men is 18-3:1 microns in the 1st to the13th volution.
The septa are thin and composed of aThickness of spirolheca
Vol.
0
. 011
1
. 025
2
. 018
3
. 029
•I
. 023
5
. 018
6
. 023
. 027
7
. 0')~
8. 034
9. 0'):~;)
10
. 018
11
. 021
12
. 027
13
------(Measurements in millimeters)

tectum and the downward extensionof a keriotheca. Both the axial septula
and the primary spiral septula arepresent throughout the shell.
The
secondary spiral septula are invisible in
the inner three volutions. but they areobserved in the 4th to 13th ones. In
the 4th to 8th volutions they are very
short and primitive, but beyond the 9th
they become d isti net.
The foramina are small and circularin cross section.
Renwrlts :- Vabeina minuta originallydescribed and illustrated by THO:\IPSO:\
and \VIIEELER (19-!2) from the l\1arble
Canyon Limestone in Southern British
Columbia shows a fairly wide range ofvariation in the size of the proloculus,
the form ratio and the size of the shell.
Compared with the syntypes, the speci·
mens illustrated here assume the slight·
ly larger form ratio and possess theslightly larger proloculus. Nevertheless,they are more closely allied to r. minuta

511.

Upper Prnninn Fusu./.inids fnnn the Taishaku Limestone

than to any other known species.
The present species somewhat re·sembles Yabei na packa rdi ~lzimensis
YAMAGIWA & lSHII tl958) from the
Omura Island. \lie Prefecture. How·
ever. the former species can be easily
distinguished from the latter, having
the fairly larger shell. the larger form
ratio and the larger proloculus.
Occurrence :-Rarely found intheYabeina elongala zone of the Yasumoto
formation at Yasurnoto (Loc. A52207) on
the Taishaku Plateau.
}'abezna elongata (GUBLER)
Pl. :H. figs. I, 5

Table 4.

311

1935 . .Veoschwagerina
elongata
Gt.:BLER.
A/em. Soc. geo/. France, 1\'ov. Ser .. T.
11, Fasc. 4. pp. 108-lll. pl. 8. ligs. 1-2,
5, 12.
1964. l'abeina elongata.
IsHII & NoGA~tl.

jour. Geosci., Osaka City Uniu .. Vol. 8.
Art. 2. p. 23. pl. 7. figs. 1-3.

Alaterial :-Rg. No. A52207 -I
andA52207-2 were collected from Loc.
A52207 at Yasumoto on the Taishaku
Limestone Plateau.
Description :-The shell of }'abeina
elongata (GUBLER) is large and highly
elongated fusiform to subcylindrical.
having a straight to broadly curving
axis of coiling. The lateral slopes are
straight to gently concave. The speci-

Measurements of l"abeina elongata (GuLnER)
Specimen A52207--1: Pl. 3-1. fig. I.

Half lcngt h

Width

9.40

5.50

Radius vector
Vol.

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

20

0.09-1
0. 151
0.207
0.264
0.340
0.472
0.566
0.680
0. 7930.944
l. 057L 265
t. 397l. 567l. 156L 945
2. 1342342
2. 62;>

Ratio of Hl./RY.
Vol.

2

3
•I
5
6
7
8
9
10

l. 67
2.00
2. 17
2.46
2.90
2.6~

3. 17
3.00
2. i4

11

2. 72

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

2.80
2.80
2. 91
2·98
2.98
2. 76
2.88
2.97
3.00

ProI.

Form ratio

Thickness of spirolhcca
Vol.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
l3

. Oll
.009
. 005
.00-1
. 005
. 003
.005
. 004
. 006
. 004
.001
. 004
. 004
.003
. 004
. 005
.003
. 005
. 006

1-1
15
16
17
18
19
20
·-

-

(Measurement;; in millimeters)

::n~Kimiyoshi. SADA and 1'snnto YOKOYAMA

men illustrated herein as fig. 1 on Pl. 34(Rg. No. A52207-I) is 9.40 mm. in half
length and 5.50 mm. in \Vidth. The first
three volutions are spherical to s'ubspherical and following two are inflated fusiform. Beyond the 6th volution the shell
becomes its mature shape. The ratiosof the half length to the radius vectorof the 2nd to the 20th volution of a
specimen (Rg. No. A52207-1) are 1.67.
2.00, 2.17. 2.46. 2.90, 2.6'1, 3.17. 3.00, 2.74.
2.72, 2.80, 2.80, 2.9·1, 2.98, 2.98. 2.76, 2.88.
2.97 and 3.00, respectively.
The proloculus is very smalL The
shell is very tightly coiled in the inner
eight volutions and expands uniformly
in the outer ones. The radius vectors are
9-1. 151. 207, 26 11. 340. 472. 566. 680, 793.
944. 1.057, 1.265. 1.397. 1.567. 1,756, 1,945,
2.134. 2.312 and 2.625 microns. respectively, for the 2nd to the 20th volution.
The spirotheca is thin and consists ofa tectum and a very thin keriothecawith very fine alveoli. The thicknessof the spirotheca at its thinnest point
between the adjacent septula in a specimen is 3-11 microns in the 2nd to thelOth volution and 3-6 microns in thelith to the 20th volution.
The septa and the septula are present

throughout the shelL One pnm1t1Ve
secondary spiral septulum between theadjacent primary septula first appears in
the 3rd volution. In the 9th to 11th
volutions there are occasionally two
secondary spiral septula, which areusually observed in the 12th to 20th
volutions.
The foramina are very small andcircular in cross section.
Remarks:- Yabeina elongata describedby GUBLER (1935) from Cambodia ischaracterized by its large and elongate
shell. very tight coiling in the inner
volution, very thin spirotheca, verythin septa and septula, very small sizeof proloculus and a number of volutions.
Recently ISHII and NOGAMI (1964) described the same species from the Bak
Limestone and the Phn.
SampouLimestone in Battambang of Cambodia.
In the essential biocharacters and thestatistical data of the shell. the Taishaku
specimens quite agree with the Cambodian specimens described by them.
Occurn!llce :-Rarely found in the}"abei na elongata zone of the Yasumoto
formation at Yasumoto (Loc. A52207) on
the Taishaku Plateau.

Explanation of Plate 33
All x 10, except figs. I and 3.

Figs. 1-3. Yabeina multiseptata shiraiwensis OZAWA. 1925.
1-3. Axial sections: Rg. No. A52207-7 ( x 10.9), .1\52207-12 and A52207-5 ( x 10.7), respectively. Loc. ~o. A52207.
Fig. 6. Chusenella sp. A (See also Pl. 34 fig. 2).
6. Axial section: Rg. :\'o. A52207-6. Loc. No. A52207.
Figs. 4-5. 7-8. Yabeina multiseptata multiseptata (DEI'RAT). 1912.
4--5 and 7. Axial sections: Rg. No. A52207-·l. A52207-9 and A52207-ll. respectively.
Loc. No. A52207.
8. Sagittal section: Rg. No. A52207-10. Loc. No. A52207.
All from the Yasumoto formation of the Taishaku Limestone.
Photos by Kimiyoshi SADA

SADA and YOKOYAMA:

Upper Permian Fusulinids from Taishaku Plate 33

Upper Pe;-mian Fusulinids f;-om the Taislwku Limestone·'>11.

Subfamily Schwagerininae Dt:NBER
and HE::>;BEST. 1930
Genus Clwsenella Hsu. 19·12;
emend. CHE::>;, 1956
Chusenel/a sp. A
PL 33. fig. 6: Pl. 34, fig. 2

Material·- The specimens illustrated(Rg. No. A52207-6 and Rg. No. A522078) were collected from Loc. A52207.
Description:- The shell of Clzusenefla
sp. A is large and conicocylindrical.
having a straight to slightly curved
axis of coiling and acutely pointed
poles. The lateral slopes are slightly
convex or occasionally depressed near
the polar regions. The specimen illu·
strated as fig. 6 on Pl. 33 (Rg. No.
A52202-6) is 11.50 mm. in length and3.75 mm. in width, giving a form ratioof 3.1.
The proloculus is small and spherical.
The outside diameter of the proloculus
is 150 microns in one of the specimens.
The shell is very tightly coiled in the
inner four volutions and expands rather
Table 5.

rapidly in the outer ones. The radius
vectors of a specimen are 132, 188, 261,
377, 547, 774. 1.076. 1.454 and 2.002
microns, respectively. for the lst to the
14th volution.
The spirotheca is thin in the innerfour or five volutions. but in the outer
five ones it becomes thick and is composed of a tectum and a keriothecawith coarse alveoli. The thickness ofthe spirotheca of the 1st to the 9th
yolution is 18, 27. 27. 29, 57. 94. 126. 103
and 142 microns, respectively.
The septa are thick and strongly
ftured throughout the length of theshell. The rudimentary chomata areobsen·ed only in the inner volutions.
The tunnel is low and its path is irregular. The heayy fillings occur in thechambers of the axial regions.
Remarks :-In the shape of the shell
the present species resembles Clzusenefla
conicocylindrica CHEN (1956. pl. 4, fig. 7)
from
the Chinghsichung Limestone,
Hutien. Hunan Province. China. The~rare. however. distinguished from eachother, for the former species has thelarger shell. the larger prolocu!us, andMeasuremento of Clwsenella sp. A

Specimen A52207-6:
Length
11.50

Pl. 33. tig. 6.

Width
3. 75

Form ratio
3. 1

Hadius vector
Vol.
1

2
3
-!

5
6
7
8
9

0. 132
0. 1880.264
0.3i7
0. 0'170. 7i4l. 076
1. 454
2.002

813

Pro!.
0.150

Thickness of spirothcca
VoL
0
1

2
3
4

5
6
7
8
9

. 0<13
. 018
. 027
. 027
029
. 057
. 09-!
. 126
.103
. 142

(Measurements in millimeters)

314

Kimiyoshi SAD.A and Tsuruo YOKOYAAIA

the thicker spirotheca in the outer
volutions where the shell expands more
rapidly.
Clwseuella sp. A is somewhat similarin the general shape and internal
characters of the shell to Chusenella
globu/aris (GUBLER) (1935, pl. 2, figs. 1.
12; pl. l, fig. 5) which was discussed by
STEWART (1936). However. Chusenel/asp. A is more slender in the shell·shapeand has the larger proloculus. the slower
expansion of the shell for the corresponding volution and the heayier axial
filling.
The present specimens agree in somerespects with Chusenel/a choshiensis
CHISAKA (1960, p. 245, pl. 3. figs. 1-6)
better than any of the known species
belonging to the genus, but more sufficient material is needed for the definite
determination.
Occurrence:- Very rare in the }'abeina
elongata zone of the Yasumoto formation at Vasumoto (Loc. A52207) on the
Taishaku Plateau.
Concluding Remarks
The general conclusions of this study
are compactly summarized as below.
The Yasumoto formation consisting ofmassive limestone contains the Upper
Permian fusulinid fauna whichischaracterized by Y abeina multiseptata
multisepta/a, Y. m. shiraiwensis, Y.
lllillula. r. elongata and Chusenella sp.
A. and the formation is defined as theYabeina elongata zone.
The Yasumoto fauna containing thesefusulinids is quite unique among the
Cpper Permian fusulinid faunas injapan. Yabeina multiseptata shiraiwensis
has been well known in the japaneseUpper Permina and it has played an
important role to advance the regional
and international correlations. }·abeina
111. mullisejJtata, Y. elongata andY.
minuta, the last of which was originallydescribed by THO:\IPSOl\ and WHEELER(1942) from the ~·vtarble Canyon Limestone
111
British Columbia. were describedfrom the Bak Limestone and the Phn.
Sampou Limestone of Cambodia (GUBLER,
1935; ISHII & NOGA:\11, 19&1). Taking
all these facts into consideration. theYasumoto fauna, as already discussed
by SADA (1965). can be correlated v.-ith
the Upper Permian fusulinid faunas
which have hitherto been reported fromvarious localities in the Outer and Inner
Zones of japan. and it is quite similar
to those of Cambodia.

Explanation of Plate 34
All xlO

Figs. I, 5. Yabeina elongala (Gt.:BLER). 1935.
I, 5. Axial sections: Rg. No. i\52207-1 and A51107-2, rcspecti\·ely.
Figs. 3-'l. Yabeina minuta THO:'viPSOl" and 'YilEEL"R. 19,12.
3. Axial section: Rg. No. A52207-3. Loc. No. A52207
4. Sagittal section: Rg. No. A52207-15. Loc. No. A52207
Fig. 2. Chusenel/a sp. A. (See also Pl. 33. rig. 6)
2. Axial section: Rg. No. A52207-8. Loc. No. i\52207.

Loc. )io. A52207

All from the Yasumoto formation of the Taishaku Limestone.
Photos by Kimiyoshi SADA

SADA and YOKOYAMA:

Upper Permian Fusulinids from Taishaku

Plate 34

.511.

Upper Pennian Fus11linids from the 1'aishakn Lime.-;tone.lcknowfedgmenl :-The authors are
grateful to Prof. Emeritus Sotoji 1:\IA·:\IURA of Hiroshima Uni\·ersity. whogave them the helpful advice and encouragement. Thanks are also due to Prof.
Akira HASE of the same University forhis encouragement and reading themanuscript. The authors wish to extend
their special acknowledgment to Prof.
Hideyoshi Ton>llA. Assist. Prof. Yoshi ro
TAl and Lecturer ~1itsuo NAKANO of
Hiroshima University for their constantencouragements.

l{t'f e renccs
CIIISAKA. T. (1960) : On some Permian
Fusulinids from the Takagami Conglome·
rate. Choshi Peninsula, Chiba Prefecture.
Japan. jour. Coil. .-lrt and Sci. Chiba
UniZ' .. v. 3, n. 2. p. 235~25-1. pis. 1~9.
DEI'I~AT. ]. (1913): Etude des Fusulinides
de Chine et d'lndochine et classification
des calcaires ;I fusulines (II Mcmoire).
Les Fm;ulinidcs des calcaires carboni·ferienes et permiens du Tonkin du Laos etdu 'l\ord Annam. lndochine Sen•ice geol ..
Mem., v. 2. fasc. 1. p. J .. 7•1. pis. 1-10.
GuBLER. j. (1935): Les Fusuliniclcs du permien de l'lndochine. leur structure etleur cla,;~ification.
,Item. Soc. geo/.
France. Not~. ser., tome 11, fasc. •1. n. 26,
p. 1-173. pis. 1-8.
IIAX~AWA, S. & l\tuRAT,\, M. (1963): The
Paleontologic and St.rati!{raphic Consider·ations on the Neoschwagerininae andVerbeekininae with the Descriptions ofSome Fusulinids Foraminifera from the
Kitakami Ma:;sif. japan. Tohoku Unir.,Sci. Repts .. v. 35, n. 1, p. 1-31. pis. 1-20.
ls1111, K. & NocA.\11, Y. (191i2): On Yabeina
shiraiwensis OzAwA and l'abeina yasubaensis TORIL\~tA. jour. Geosci., Osaka
City Unit•. \'. 6. art. 2. p. 59~72. pis. 1-2.
IsHII, K. & NoG.UII, \'. (196•1): Contributions

315

to the Geology and Paleontology ofCambodia. Part 1. Permian Fusulinids.
jour. Geosci .. Osaka City Unit• .. v. 8. art.
2. p. 9-37, pis. 1~8.
KA:\~11-:RA, K. (1954):
Fusulinids from theUpper Permian Kuma Formation. Southern
Kyushu. Japan-with Special Reference
to the Fusulinid Zone in the Upper Permian of japan. Mem. Fac.Sci. Kyushz1
Univ .. Ser. D. Geol., v ..J. n. I, p. 1-38,
pis. 1--6.
OzAwA. Y. (1925):
Paleontological andStratigraphical Studies on the PermoCarboniferous Limestone of :\agalo. Part
11. Paleontology. Tokyo Imp. Unit> .. Col/.
Sci .. jolll· .. v. 45, art. 6. p. 1-90, pis. 1-14.
SADA, K. (1965): Carboniferous and Permian
Stratigraphy of the Atelsu Limestone inWest japan. jour. Sci. Hiroshima Unit>.,Ser. C. v. 5. n. 1. p. 21-80.
SKI!':'iER, ]. W. & WILD, G. L. (1954): Fusulinid Wall Structure. jour. Paleont .. v.
28. n. ·1. p. H5-~151, pls. ·16-52.
STEW.\RT, W. ]. (1963):
The Fusulinid
Genus Chusenella and Several New
Species. jour. Paleont .. v. 37, n. 6, p.
1150-116:1, pls. 15c>-l58.
Tllo~IPso:--:. M. L. (1948): Studies of American Fusulinids. Unit>. Kansas Paleontological Conll'ibutions, Protozoa. art. 1. p.
1-1&1. pls. 1-38, text.fig. 7.
Tll0\11'50:". l\I. L. & WHEELEil, H. E. (1942):
Permian Fusulinicb from British Columbia,
Washington and Oregon. jour. Palcont ..
v. 16. p. 700-711. pis. 10:r.I09.
ToHIYA~IA, R. (1958): Geology of Akiyoshi.
Part III. Fusulinids of Akiyo~hi. Mem.
Fac. Sci. Kyushu UlliV .. Ser. D. Geology,, .. 7. p. l-264, pis. 1-48.
YoiWYA~IA,
T. (1959): The Geology ofVicinity of Taishaku Gorge. (in Japanese). Scient(fic Researched Reports oj
the Proposed Site Natio11al Park in
Chugoku-Mountainland. To/tori. Shimaneand Hiroshima Prefecture. p. 29~42. pis.

J2 .. 14.

Yasumoto

311i

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A supplementary note on the Paleogene Li
Fi Flora in Nonh Thailand .. Seido Erwo
Evolutionary Line of the Miocene miogypsinid populations .......... Hiroshi UJIIE~ fri Q) fiHl.flFfL 1! (t 1:11:: ·:Jt.. ' 't". . . . . . . . ~ /JiUI =:Fusulinids from the Funafuseyama Limestone in Yamagata-gun, Gifu Prefecture.
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c.

~ '/ r., ~Q) 13-m~!lHiEkF.~~i~ -tc:rJ~/i&~!lu::-::>v'-r ... -'l·ilh!U!{~ ·~~iii~: N. ·l'r.li~ .IE
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