a -lt"'~±~~~~~- ir-.:f

Transactions and Proceedin~sof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New Series

No. 39A--·......

J ·-·-•~ 4~"' .. ,_f

Palaeontological Society of japan
Sept. 1, 1960

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
Page

38-1.

Heterodont and Other Pelecypods from the Upper Jurassic Soma Group .

.1 a pan385.

................................................ l'vlinoru T A~IURA:28fi

On the Miocene Pectinidae from the Environs of Sendai; Part 17. Summary ................................................ K6ichir6 l\L\sUDA

293

386. 1\lolluscan Fossils from the Nakazato Formation in Yokohama .. Naoaki AoKI 301
387. Two New Species of Ken·ia from Japan .............. 1\latsutaro S111BATA 307
388. Restudy of Verbeekina sphaera Ozawa .................... Tomomitsu SL'GI 311
389. Jlayasakapora, a New Permian Bryozoan Genus from Iwaizaki. Miyagi
Prefecture, Japan ...................................... Sumio SAKAGA~ll

321

PROCEEDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

324

President:
Councillors:

Teiichi KoBAYAsHI
Kiyoshi AsANo, Riuji ENoo (Publication). Scido ENoo, llaruyoshi FuJJ·

MoTo (Treasurer), Shoshiro I-IANzAwA, Kotora IlATAr, lchiro IIAYAsAKA, Kazuo
IIuzroKA, Nobuo lKEBE, jiro l'viAKIYAMA, Tatsuro MATsUMOTo, Masao 1\lrNATo
Tokio SmKAMA (General Affairs), Fuyuji TAKAI (Editor), Ryuzo ToRJYA:>.rA
Secretary:

Tetsuro liANAI

Assistant Secretary:

Takeo IcmKAW AAll Communications relating to this Journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, japan

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. N. S., No. 39, pp. 285<~92. pl. 33, Sept. 1. 196~

384.

HETERODONT AND OTHER PELECYPODS FROM THE

UPPER JURASSIC SO:\IA GROUP. JAPAN*
l\IINORU TAMURA
Faculty of Education. Kumamoto Uni\·ersity
tl!i~':J~,l:f§.~O)J:ffil:/ "'- 7 ;f:J¥:0)~~ B ..:tO)ft!!O)ff.JEm:~II.~O)rpO)iJ~J\tlbtu~'}IIIIB~il·

Hcterodonta '&a Exogyra, Corbula, Thracia H 13 1i1\ (? ~.:> 3 tti1!1D ~~--l"7.>o
A Arctica (Somarrtica) abulwmensis TAMURA. n. sp. 1;: ~!::. -?\, ·"( Somarctica jill~~fllt}EL., Arctica O)}ffiit;)HlJi:::.··:n ·"(~"& L f.:o J.l;!l!=.&fUfiiJ~1of,fO) Hcterodonta !::. L. "(f:t1?0)<. .::

Astarte il'·llil~ · Mf*fi c ~ ::::.~
0)/m:.::. ~ "(- t lilt~~.tt. flBffilitJH:JJiiiQ) ~ 0) c M~
5mlil!il:~\, ·• Astarte subdepressa BL.-\KE and Ht'DLESTO:" ti*a!jO)J:ffl: :/ ==- 7 *':.~-t7.>'/J:. 91 0)iRhl"&V:,H1JEBml ·-?.hil·.::, ~ Jlftll't 7.> o
LH H~

Heterodonta belong to the Astartidae.
One Astarte is identified with A. subdepressa from the Corallian of England(ARKELL. 1932). Further the lineage ofArctica is briefly discussed and Somarctim subgen. nov. is erected with A (S.)
abukumensis TAMURA, new species. The
specific names and their ranges shown

Heterodonta in addition to an Exogyra.
Corbula and Thracia from the Nakanosawa and Koyamada formations of theSoma Group total 13 species. 3 of which
are new and 8 species were alreadydescribed from the Torinosu Group in
Sakawa Basin (Kr~IUJ~A. 1956) or Sakamoto area (TA!\It'RA. 1959a. b). Most of the

or '

-__
d
Xakanosawa formation i \.Oi~~~. a-5th -6th-"'7\h-i-8thl9thf'ioili_: zone zon~~ zon!_j zone t_zone zan<:_o=;c-=

Specific name_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -~ _ _ _---=--'_!!xog_yra k11rmmsis 'J'~MUI~A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _~,_=-__ j_X_i-=---=Astarte ogawe11sis KJMUI~A_ _ __X~!~ --=-~-Astarte dejecta TAMUR_A__
XI
1 - A.st;;rle'Saka--;;o~ TA~IURA---1-x -~-x-Astarte km1~lmrensis KIMURA - --~~ -x~~-~·---=-~--x -~-x-Astarte subdepressa-BLAKE and HUDLEST0:-.1-- - - X - ~·--x ~ - X - ' xl_x_x-=---=-

x-:--=----=--=- -=-j--=-Astarte (Coef.!!starte) sommsis T Al>.IUR~ne'~ species-- - X - --=--1 .:_- 1
1___J!pis (TriJ:!}ItoPis) torinosuensis KIMURA----~-- -~-x-!~~-(- X ~~-x-j
Opis (Coe/opis ?) sp.
--~ - - - - - - - - ) ( --=-,--=-· - - - - - - - - --~~-~ ~------ - ---~Arctica (Somarclica) abukumensis TAMURA, new species
X
Protocardia /o~JMURA- - - - - - - -~-=-~·- Corbula gfobosa TAI\IURA=-·-- 1--=-1 --=-=-i- -I_X_j_X--X----~~-~

-

I

x __
-- ~-'- -~----

Tllracia fukusllimensis TAMVRA.~peci--;;- - - - -* Received Jan_ 30, 1959: read at 72th
meeting of the Society at Hiroshima, Feb.
14, 1959.

--~

1--~··------

1

-

'

-

x

I _-

x

--:---.-X --~-X-- -=-~--=-

in the above table. For the geological notes and fossil localities, see theprevious paper (TA:-n:RA, 1959c).
285

1Vfinoru TAMU R.-\
The writer wishes to ackno,vledge his
1ndebtness to Prof. KoBAYAsHI of the
University of Tokyo for his kind
guidance. Further KoBAYASHI gave him
the opportunity of studing the fos~ils
stored in his institute. Thanks are also
due to .:\1r. K. l\IAsA TAl' I and others.
collectors of these fossils.
Description of Fossils

Jurassic. have nearly straight or slightly rounded dorsal margins whereas themargins are a little arcuate in the halotype specimen. The concentric folds on
surface are 6-10 in number and becomemuch wider ventrally.
Occurrence :-Rare in 5th zone at Loc.
2: abundant in 7th zone at Loc. 15 andin 8th zone at Loc. H : rare in 9th zone
at Loc. 1~.

Family Ostreidae

Astarte kambarensis Kn.n:RA

Genus Exogyra SAY. 1820

Plate 33, Figures 14-18.

E.r:ogyra kumensis T,uJURA
1959a.

Exo~-:yra kttmr'nsis. T:\1\tllRA.

p. '.?.7. pl.

5, tigs. 29-31.

Occurrence :-Rare in 8th zone at Loc.

H.

Astarte kambaret~sis, KIMURA, p. 85, pl.
1, fig. 7.
Hl59a. Astar/e sp., TAMURA, p. 30, pl. 5, fig. 13.

1956.

Description :-Shell medium

to smallfor genus. convex, inequilateral, some-

Family Astartidae
Genus Astarte .1. SowERBY, 181G
Astarte ogawensis KtMURA
Astarte ogawensis. KtMUI~A. p. 86. pl. 1.
fig. 9.
l959a. Astarte ogmcensis. TAMURA, p. :?9. pl.
5. figs. 8-10.

1956.

Occurrem:e :-Rare in 5th zone at Loc.
7 and 8.
Astarte deferta T AMLJJ~A
1959a.

,-lstarte defect a, T A:>.IVI~A. p. 29. pl. 5,
figs. 4-7.

Occurrence:- Rare in 5th zone at Loc.
7.

what trigonal in shape and longer thanhigh: umbo distinct, strongly prosogyrate. at a third of shell length fromanterior ; antero-dorsal margin concave :lunule shallow; postero-dorsal nearlystraight : ventral well rounded : surface
ornamented with fine concentric growthlines: internal margin crenulated : umbonal cavity fairly deep : posterior
adductor scar a little larger than theother : both scars deep : hinge composedof short 2, obliquely elongated 4b andan anterior lateral tooth in left valve
and oblique 3a and 3b and a posterior
lateral tooth in right valve.
JHeasuremenl :-Right (MM 3302)

Astarte sakamotoensis T A~lt:RA
Plate 33. Figures 1, 2.

1959a. Astarte sakamoloe11sis, TAMURA, p. 29,
pl. 5. figs. 1-3.

Obsen•ation :-The Sakamoto specimens
were more or less deformed. Many
detached small valves in the Soma

R.
Left
L.

(MM 3303)(MM 330•1)(MM 3305)

LengthHeight24.5mm
24.0
19.5
12.5

19. Omm

19.5
18.5

12.0

Observatio1l :-This species was basedon a poor internal and external mouldof which hinge is unknown. Astarte sp.
from the Sakamoto formation. which isrepresented by an internal mould. was384.

Heterodont and Other Pelecypods from the [Jpper Jurassic<Separated from the species in the previous paper (T.o. 'u:RA. l959a) by thedifferent outline. Many Soma specimens'identifiable with it reveal a wide rangeof variabilitv in shape. Now the writeris convinced himself that the specimensfrom the three areas are conspecific.
The Soma specimens show the hinge
and other characters. as described above.
·The Kovamada specimens (Figs. 16, 17)
are dcfo~·med. The Soma form. especiallv in sandstone. is large.
. Occurrence :-Common in 5th zone at
1..oc. 8 and in 9th zone at Loc. 12; ab·undant in lOth zone at Loc. 11.
Astarte subd(•pressa BLAKE

and Ht'DLEsTo:->
Plate 33. Figures 19-22.

.4slar/e pasiopae d' 0RBIG:'\Y, AHI'ELL,
33. figs. 2. 2a.
1877. .-lstarle subdeprc.~.~a. BLAKE and llt:D·
I.EST0:-1. p. 393, pl. 14. fig. 10.
1877. Astarte Duboisirma. BLAKE and lluoLESTO:->. p. 393, pl. 15. fig. 3.
1932. Astarte subdeprl'sSa. ARKELL. p. 235, pl.
33, figs. 1-9.

-1850.

pl.

Description :-Shell small to large. subequilateral, moderately depressed. nearlY as high as long, circular in outline:~mbo at about l/3 from anterior. prosogyrate, compressed : anterior or anterodorsal margin short, depressed to form.a shallow lunule: postero-dorsal more orless rounded: ventral semi-circular:
surface ornamented with about 50 concentric ribs which are distinct. fine andnarrower than their interspaccs : pallial
margin finely crenulated internally:
binge unknown.
ii,Jeasurement :Length
Left (MM 3309)
Right (lVLM 3310)

19. Omm

37. 5

HeightHl. 5mm
33. 0

L.

R.
L.

(MM 3311)
3312)(M~I 3313)(M~l

19. 1.1
8.5
2·1. 5

287
18. 0
8.5

24.5

Obserz,atiou
andCompmisrm :-The
Soma form \Veil agrees with the holotype
bv ARKELL (19321. The shell is variable
i~ size. The largest attains 37 mm inlength but the smallest is only G.O mm
long. The large specimens were mostly
obtained from sandstones of the 5th and9th zone. Concentric lines become sometimes obscure in ventral part .
It is similar to Lurina tswwensis Kl~JUR,\
from the Sakamoto (TAliWRA,
1959b) and Sakawa Basin (Kl~llTRA, 1956)
in outline and concentric ornament.
The concentrics are. however. muchfiner and more regular in tsunor:;nsis.
Orcurrence :-Common in 5th zone at
Loc. 7; abundant in 7th zone at Locs. 13
and 15; abundant in 8th zone at Loc.
14,; common in 9th zone at Loc. 12; rare
in lOth zone at Loc. Tl.

Subgenus Coelastarte B()EH~t. 1893
Astarte (Coelaslarte) somensis
T.·HIL.IlA, ne\\' species
Plate 33, Figures 11-13.

Description :-Shell large for genus,
very inequilateral, moderately convex,
oblong, much longer than high ; test
thin; umbo strongly prosogyrate, situated in anterior quarter: anterior dorsal
margin short and concave at a deep
lunule ; postero-dorsal long and nearlystraight: anterior all(~ posterior margins
rounded and passing into rounded ventral one: surface with about 50 fine anddistinct concentric lines: internal margin
crenulated: umhonal cavity fairly deep:
ligament fairly wide; anterior lateralshort ·in left valve: two cardia] teeth ineach valve (3a and 3b oblique in rightMinoru T.4.!11UR.1

288

valve. oblique and strog 2b and oblique
4b in left): adductor scars relatively
small but distinct : pedar scar distinctly
impressed just behind anterior adductor
scar.
.Ueasuremeul :Right (MM 3314)
Left (MM 3315)
Right (MM 3316)

Len_gth
5L 5mm

44. 0
43.5

Hdght
38. 5mm
35. 0
3L 0

ObserM/ion and Comparison :~Several
specimens at hand show the hinge
typical of .'lstarte. Although the lunule
is incompletely presened. its presence
can be confirmed on the internal moulds(Figs. 12 and 13).
The most allied is Coelastarte cardiniiformis H.o\YA~u (1958) from the Liassic
Shizuka\va group. The chief differences
are in the absence of marginal crenulation. much shallower umbonal cavity,
indistinct concentric lines and in themuch stronger 3b in cardiniiformis.
Occurrence :-Common in 5th zone at
Locs. 7 and 8.

Genus Opis DEFRA:-:cE, 1825
Subgenus Trigonopis Mu1->1ER·
CHALl\IAS. 1887
Opis (Trigotzopis) torinosue11sis
KI:-.It:RA

Plate 33, Figures 5-7.
1956. Opis ( Trigouopis) tori11osueusis. Kir.tl>
RA. p. 87, fig. 10.
1959b. Opjs (Trigmzopis) torinosumsis. TA~!li­RA, p. 113, pl. 12, figs. 11-13.

Occurrence :-Common in 5th zone at
Locs. 7 and 8, in 7th zone at Loc. 15
and in 8th zone at Loc. 1-L

Subgenus Coelopis
CHAL:\iii.S,

MuNIER·1887

Opis (Coe!opis ?) sp.
Plate 33. Figures 3. 4.

Description :-Shell medium for genus'(24 mm long}, moderately depressed.
nearly as long as high. trigonal in shape:
umbonal region unknown but umbo is
submesial : anterior margin concave:.
posterior and ventral margins somewhat rounded : shell outline dilated anteriorly to form an acute angle andtripartated by strongly ridged anterior
and posterior carinae; anterior and posterior parts strongly depressed ; medianpart wide: internal margin crenulated:hinge unknown.
Obsen•ation :-An internal mould of aleft valve is at hand whose umbonal
part is broken off. Its characteristics
are the wide median part and depressed.
shell. Surface ornament is unknown.
Occurrence :-5th zone at Loc. 7.

Family Arcticidae
Genus A.rctica ScJH.::-.tAcm:R, 1817
Type-species:- Femts islandica Lt:-~:-.:£.
Diagnosis :-Shell ovate and evenly inflated; umbo prosogyrous and fairly
distinct ; surface smooth; weak. carina
like angulation sometimes on posterior
side. R. V.-1 tubercle-like. 3a often welLdeveloped but sometimes narrow andnot stout, 3b wide and bifid, P 1 fairly
long in general. L. v.-2a sometimes.
distinct from 2b but sometimes fused.
2b triangular and massive, Au usually.
separated from 2a.

Subgenus Somarctica subgen. nov.
Type-species :-Arctica (Somarctica) abukumensis, new species.
Diaf!nosis :-Externally similar to Arcfica. R. V.-1 tuberculiform and short~.384.

Heterodont and Other Pelecypods from tlze Upper Jurassic:3a a·little distinct, 3b trigonal. wide andfurrowed by a groove, P1 short. L. V.2a indistinct but a ridge elongated fromAn. 4 obliquely arcurte. narrov; but
prolonged. Au elongate and inseparablefrom 2a-like ridge.
Remarks:- Arctica as a genus comprises
A.rctica s. str .. Venilicardia Stoliczka andSomarctica subgen. noY. which are in. distinguishable externally. The characteristics of these subgenera of .-!rctica
in addition to Eocallista are tabulated
below (Table 1).
Unfortunately the writer could actually examine no specimen of Venilicardi.u.
Its hinge is. however. shown by
STOLICZKA(1871), ZITTEL tlSSl-1885),\Vooos (1904) and Cox (1947). The spe-cimens of recent islandica in the Geological Institute of the University ofTokyo were examined. 3a is more
Table 1.

289

developed in Arctica s. str. thanSomarctica; 3b furrowed by a groove in
middle part and both sides are elevatedand become fairly distinct denticles in
Arctica s. str .. but the groove is shallow
and both denticles indistinct inSomardica.
Somarctica and Venilicardia chiefly differ
in 3b which is not so wide in Veni/irardia. It is separated into two denticles
in Arctica ( Venilicardia) cordiformisd'ORBIG-"Y (ZITTEL, 1881-85) and Venie/la( Fenibcardia) obtnmcata SToi ... but notin Somarrtica. Moreover 2a is sometimes
divergent from umbo and fused with 2bin Venilicardia. although 2a is indistinct
and shown by an elongated ridge from
Au in .4. (Somarctica) abulmmensis. newspecies. The writer thinks that Somaretial was derived from Eom/lista or its
near kindred. The evolul ional lineage
of Arctica may be as shown in Fig. 1.

Characteristics of Arctira and Eocaflisla

ArdicaF:ocallisla
Somarclica

I

VenilicardiaI;lrt:lica s. str.

- 2~ st?u~: -?asorne-~-.,.
.
. ?
divergent fromI 2b triangular.
-<~ absei~.t. -b .
& \,umbo: 2a and Au stout: 2a indistinct, times distmct .·from or fused \~rth 1 stout, !Itgonal,
Za. -b · !
connected to form and inseparablefrom A .
2b; An separated Au tubercular.
; obtuse angle
111
2a.
1 fromsmall~-fair-ly farge but
large
small
3a
narrow
wide and mesiallvwide and furrowbifid and sepafurrow but not ·but not sepanarrow. not bifid. ed
rated
into
two
3b
separated into
rated into two
den
tides
two dcnticles.
dentic_le'-'s__. _ __
?

~1 ~
~

~ 2~ ~ 3~~4 ~Fig. 1. Lineage of Arctica.
1-Eoca/lista 2-Somarctica 3- Venilicardia 4-.rlrclica s. str.

1V.linoru T:lJIURA
Locs. 7 and 8.
.,1rdica (."iomarctica) abukumensis
TA~tUil:\. new species

Family Cardiidae
Genus Protocardia Bt-:YRICII, 1845

Plate 33. Figures 25-28.

Description :-Shell large for genus.
very inequilateral, moderately convex.
ovate and longer than high; umbo at
about anterior 1/3. slightly incurYed.
strongly prosogyrate ; antero-dorsal margin concave and shouldered at the extremity; postero-dorsal a little rounded:
ventral margin well rounded; umbonal
part most tumid; concentric lines ofgrowth fine; umbonal cavity deep. In
right valve 1 below beak stout andtubercular; 3a dose to hinge-margin,
narrow and not well developed ; 3b unusuallv wide. diagonally elongate andbifid J;ut lateral sides forming no denticles ; P 1 short. ln left valve Zb ,welldeveloped and stout: ·lb stout and obliquely elongated; Au tubercular. extending into 2a-l ike ridge.
/!Jeasurcmeu/ :Left(l\IM 3319)
L.
(MM 3320)
Right (MM 3321)
R.
(MM 3322)

Length7-t Omm
69. 0
76. 0
41. 0

Height66. 5mm
62. 0
65. u
39. 0

Obsermtion and Comparison :-Like
Linw (Piagiostomal enormicosta T A:\ll'RA,
Pteria masatanii TA:-.IL'RA and Neoburmesia
ircakiensis YAilE and SATo. this is one of
the largest pelecypods in the Soma
Jurassic. Whether the extension of Au
towards umbo corresponds to 2a or not
is a question. but nevertheless a ridgelike tooth is clearly observable.
It is easily distinguished from .. Eocallista" regu/aris T.o\MllRA from the Sakamoto format ion (1959b) by the surface
ornaments and hinge character.
Ocrurreuce :-Common in 5th zone atProtocardia tosensis K1MURA
Plate 33. Figures 23. 24.

Protocardia tosensis, Kl:O.IURA. p. 88, pl.

1956.

1. fig. 14.

1959a.

Protocardia tosmsis. TA:O.lURA, p. 28, pl.
5, figs. 33-37.

This is one of the most abundantspecies in the Soma Jurassic. Its external characters are distinct. The Soma
form is generally more inflated than the
Torinosu (holotype) and Sakamoto form.
The largest of Soma measures 48 nun inlength and 46 mm in height, while theholotype (20.5mm long and 18.3mm high)and the Sakamoto form are less than
26 mm in length. Hadial ribs in posterior are countable 20 or more in these
specimens.
Occurrence :-7th zone at Locs. 3, 13,
and 15, 8th zone at Loc. 14. 9th zone at
Loc. 12 and lOth zone at Loc. ll.
Family Corbulidae
Genus Corbula BRtrGl'li,rll~. 1797
Corbula globosa TA~IURA
l959b.

Corbula g/obosa. TA:>.ll'HA. p. 114. pL
12. figs. 1-4.

Occurre11ce :-Abundant in lOth zone
at Locs. 9 and 11, rare in 8th zone at
Loc. 14.

Family Thraciidae
Genus Thracia LEACII, 1823
Thmcia fukusliimensis TAMURA,.

new species
Plate 33. fig_IJI:'~lt 8.-lO...

384.

Heterodont and Other Pelecypods from the Upper jurassic

Description :-Shell small to medium
for genus. moderately depressed. nearly
equivalve, inequilateral. trigonally ovate ;umbo nearly mesial or a little posterior,indistinct and opisthogyrous ; anterodorsal margin nearly straight. but curving down and passing into roundedventral margin : posterior margin truncated more or less obliquely: umbonalcarina feeble but distinct: post-carina!
part a little depressed; surface withfine irregular concentric ribs and gro\vthlines: hinge unknown; test thin.
11feasuremenl :-Left (MM 3225)(Mi\1 3326)
L.
L.
(Ml\1 3327)
Right (MM 3328)

Length
23. 5mm
23. 0
20. 0
22. 0

Height15. 5mm
1-!. 5

16. 0
1'1. 5Observation :-Attached valves are densely crowded at Loc. 14. The positionof the umbo is variable to a small extent. but the umbo is usually located alittle posterior to the median point.
Concentric undulations or folds are distinct on surface.
The species is near to Tlzracia weedi
STA:"TOK from the Jurassic of Yellowstone National Park (Sv.:-;-ro:-.. 1899).
but the umbo in the latter is moreangulate than in the former.
Occurrence :-Abundant in 7th zone at
Loc. 15 and 8th zone at Loc. 14.
References cited
BLAKE. J F. and lluDLESTOK. W. H. (1877).

291

The Corallian Rocks of England. Q.]. G. S.,
1101. 33.

Cox L. R. (19-!7), The Lamellibranch Family
Cyprinidae in the Lower Oolites of England. Pror. Mal. Soc. Loudon. z:ot. 27, pt. 4 ..
DouviL.If~. H. (1921).
La Charnier dans les.
Lamell i branches Heterodontes ct son
EYolution Cyprines, Isocardcs et Cytherees. Bull. Soc. Geol. Fram:e. Ser. 4. Tome 21.
HAYA!\II. I. (1958). Some Hettangian Pelecypods from the .. Trigonia·sandstone '' of
the Shizukawa Group in l\ortheast Japan.
fapan.]our. Gl!ol. Geogr. rol. 29, nos. 1-3.
KIMURA, T. (1956). Some pelecypods fromthe upper Jurassic Torinosu group in
Kochi Prefectun.:. Japan. ]our. Earth Sci.,
1Yagoya Univ., t>ol. 4. no. 2.
n·ORBIG!'Y, A. (1843--!7). Description des.
i'vlollusques ct Rayonne·s Fossils. Pat.
France, Terr. Crel .. uol. 3.
STA:-:Tox, }. (1899), Mesozoic Fossils of Yel·lowstone National Park. U.S. Geol. Surv.
Monogr .. 32. pt. 2.
STOI.Iczr,,\, F. (1871). Cretaceous Fauna ofSouthern India, vol. 3. Pclecypoda. Pal.
Indica, Ser. 6. rot. 8.
WEIR. J. (1929). Jurassic Fossils from Juba·
land. East Africa. collected by V. G.
GLE"'DAY. and the jurassic Geology ofSomaliland. :lion. Geol. Dept., Hu11/ria11
iliuseum, Glasgow Unit .. 3.
ZITTEL, K. A. von, (1881-1385). Handbuch derPalaeontologie (1). 2.
See also ARKELL. W.}. (1929-37), Cox,
L. R. (1935), Ki~IURA. T. (1956). SOWERBY, j.
(1812-23), TAMURA, M. (1959a. b. c) and·wooos, H. (190<1-13) in Trans. Proc. Pala·
eon/. Soc. japan. N. S. nos. 33, 35. 36, 37 of
this study.

292

Minoru T..-BIURtl

Explanation of Plate _33
Astarte sakamotoensis T.>\Ml:RA
Fig. 1. Left valve; x 1.5; Loc. 15. (l\Il\1 3300).
Fig. 2. Right valve; x 1.5; Loc. 15. (MM 3301).
Qpis (Coelopis ?) sp.
Figs. 3, ·1. Internal mould of a left valve showing dorsal side (Fig. 3) and anterior side
(Fig. 4); xl: Loc. 7. (MM 3318).
Opis ( TrigonoPis) toriuosuensis Kll\IURA. Figs. 5-7. Piaster cast (Fig. 6) of external mould and internal mould (Fig. 5) and its
anterior view (Fig. 7) of a right valve: xl.5: Loc. 8. (MM 3317).
Thracia fukttshimensis TA~IU~A. new species
Figs. 8. !J. Left valves: x 1: Loc. 1-!. (1\IM 3327. 3326-holot~·pe).
Fig. 10. Hight valve: x1: Loc. 14. (Ml'vl 3328).
Asta_rte (Coelastarle) somensis TA:-.JURA. new species
Fig. 11. Plaster cast of an external mould of a right valve: x 1; Loc. 7. (MM 3316).
Fig. 12. Intl•rnal mould of a left valve: x 1 : Loc. (MM 3315).
Fig. 13. Internal mould of the ilolotyp._. right valve: x 1; Loc. 8. (MM 3314).
Astarte kambarensis KJ~IL'RA
Figs. 14. 15. Internal mould ami a clay cast of an external mould of a right valve: xl;
Loc. 7. (1\HI 3302).
Figs. 16. 17. Internal moulds of kit valves: X 1.5: Loc. 11. (MM 3306, 3307).
Fig. 18. Internal mould of a right valve: x 1: Loc. 8. (MM 3308).
Astarte subdcprcssa BL.-\KE and HL'DLESTON
Fig. 19. Plaster cast of an external mould of a right valve: X 1; Loc. 7. (MM 3310).
Fig. 20. Internal mould of a left valve: xl.5: Loc. 15. (MM 3311).
Fig. 21. Internal mould of a left valve: xl: Loc. 15. (l\IM 3313).
Fig. 22. Bivalved shell showing the left half: xl.5: Loc. 15. (MM 3309).
Protocardia loseusis KI~IL'RA
Fig. 23. Hight valve: x 1.5: Loc. 15. (Ml\1 3330).
Fig. 24. Left valve: x 1: Loc. 13. (MM 3331).
Arctica (Somarclica) almkumeusis T A!\JURA. new species
Figs. 25, 26. Internal moulds of right and left valves showing hinge structure: X 1: Loc.
8. (Mi\1 3321. 3320).
Figs. 27. 28. Internal mould and a day cast of a broken external mould of the holotype
left valve: x 1 : Loc. 8. (MM 3319).
All specimens here illustrated are kept in the Geological Institute. University of Tokyo.

T AMURA :Upper Jurassic Pelecypods from the Soma group

Plate 33

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. N. S .. ~o. 39. pp. 293-300. Sept. l, 1960

:385.

ON THE MIOCENE PECTINIDAE FROII'I THE ENVIRONS OFSENDAI: PART 17, SUl\frviARY*
KOJCHIRO :VIASUDA
Department of Geology. Faculty of Education. Tohoku Univers:ty

flllil'~Hi!l:<ft~~J!E Pectinidat:: ..:c-(}) 17. ~r.!i: *:?iit 1952 '9=-J.;J.iE. 1lllaffii!l:~r.ff~~
Pectinidae 'c.--::>i,,"L¥1H!rt.-oj(;t-:.t.l:, ..:.(})roll 8 Jlll, 24 ffll CX.'t~fli\) :&V'Ut~cw.Jbfi(J)i*
Hlllami!I:U?'I-il~l?(})~(}) 10 00 (7-::t]!['fif!) ~tdif:Lt.:, ~;ftl?(})<ft. 2 .Ji~. 10 ~00 (X:tliTiJP.lil) ~it.?,l!bt.:o 1lllami!J:.i!E(J) ~(})it. Table 2 ;:."'i:(}),g.-'< (})5};ffl,&V:n;yf'C~ff- Lt.:."!\'!IIB:¥:-·M

Introduction

The Fossil Pectinidac from
the
Neogene Tertiary of Japan are important both stratigraphically and chron-ologically, because of their abundantspecies and individuals. wide distribution.
more or less restricted geological ranges.
generally good preservation and intimate
relation with lithofacies.
Although numerous species have been
described from Japan. the types were
often based on imperfect specimens.
thus, their morphological characters andgeological significances were not wellknown. Therefore, the writer since1951, has studied the Miocene Pectinidae
from the environs of Sendai City andtheir related species from other Neogene
eight
localities of Japan. As the result}
genera and 24 species or subspecies \Veredescribed from the environs of Sendai
and 10 species or subspecies from elsewhere in Japan. Among them twogenera and 10 species or subspecies were
described as new to science. The* Received April 3. 1959; read at the annual meeting of the Society at Tokyo. Dec.
7, 1958.

.\Iiocene Pectinidae from the environs of
Sendai represent about 1/3 of the species hithei·to known from the l'vlioceneof Japan. The purpose of the present
article is stated in the title.
Acknowledgements

The writer is greatly indebted to Dr.
Kotora HATAI of the Institute of geology
and Paleontology, Faculty of Science,
Tohoku University for his continuous
guidance and supervision during thecourse of the present study.
Deep appreciation is also due to the
Ministry of Education of the Japanese
Government and to the Saito Ho-on Kai
Museum. for grants from their Scientific
Expedition fund.
Historical Review of the Miocene
Pectinidae from the Environs
of Sendai

The l\Iiocene Pectinidae reported fromthe environs of Sendai are outlined in
the following list arranged in alphabeticorder or author and year with original
names and geological formations.

Koichiro M:lSUDA.
M.-\TSll~IOTO,

II. (1930)

Pecten islandicus MOLLER+
Pecten aid/emus YoKOYA~·tA
l'et.·teu natoriensis MATst:MOHJ+
Pecten natoriensis subowlis :\IATSv:-toTo+
Pecten tltllorir!llsis inequilateralis i\IATSUMOTo+
Pecten Plicicoslulalus MATSlil\IOTo+
Pecten (Pseudamusium) akiluxmsis MATSt::l.tOTo+
VelojJeclen Sllrtlit•cus 1\L\Tsu:-toTo~

Moniwa formation
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto

NAKA:I.IlJRA M. (19-lOA)

Pecten (Ciz/amys) miyalokoensis No).tt.:RA and H.~ TAl
Pecten (Chlamys) yanagmcaensis No:o..tt:RA and Zt:-.;aoPecten (C/z/amys) arckau·ai No:-IL'RA
Pecten (Chlamys) noloensis YoKOYA:\IA
Pecten (Chlamys) kauelwrai YoKOYA:..tA

Otsutsumi formation
ditto
ditto
ditto
Otsutsumi, Aoso and Nanakita
formations
Pecten ( Chlamys) kagamiamts miyagiensis N AKA\tt: RA +Otsutsumi formation
Pecten (Swiftopecten) swiflii BERl'\ARDI
Otsutsumi and Nanakita formations
Pecten (Swijtopecten ?) cosibensis YoKOYA\tA
Otsutsumi,
Aoso and Nanakita
formations
Pecten (Swiftopecten ?) otutumiensis No:~.tURA and 1-L.. TAI Otsutsumi formation
Peden (l'alinopeden) paraplebejus No:l.tURA and HATAT
Aoso formation
Peden (l'alhwpc•den) l~imurai ligatwuraensis NAI<AML'RA + Ajiri formation
Pecten (l'aliuopecten) kimurai matumoriensis NAI<AMURA + Nanakita formal ion
Pecten (l'seudamusium) akilwensis l'l'l.~Tsu:..IOTO
Otsutsumi.
Aoso and Nanakita.
formations
NAKAMl;J~A.

M. (l!l40B)

Pecten (Swijtoperten) nanakitaensis NAKAMlcRA-

Nanakita formation

Nnl\tURA S. and K. llATAt (1937)

Pecten (Chlamys) kanelu:rai YoKOY.\:..t.~+
Pecle11 (Citlamys) miyalokoensis No\tL'RA and H ..>, TAlPecten (Chlamys) miyatokoensis malumori No~tURA andHATAJ+

Pecten (Chlamys) arakawai No:-JL'RA
Pecten (Swiflopectm) swiftii BER:-iARDtPeclen (Sw~(topecten) ofulumiensis No:>.It.:RA and HATAI
Pecten (Swijtopectell) cosibensis Yoi<OYA\tA
Pecten (Putinopectell) kimurai YoKOYA:..tA ~Pecten (Palitzopectell) parap/ebejus :\o:o..tt:RA and HATAIPeclen (Pseudamusium) akihoensis MATSUMOTO
NoMURA, S. (19-lO)
Peden (s. s.) kagamiatms YoKOYA:I.t.~ +Pecten (Chlam_vs) arakatmi Kol\tL'RAPecten (Chlamys) protomollittts No~lt.:RA ·Pecten (Chlamys) nisalaie11sis (OTt:I<A) +Pecten (Chlamys) kaneharai Yoi<oYA:\IA
Pecten (Citlamys) notoensis YoKOYA~IA ~Pecten (:lequi/>t!Ciell) ymut~:awae11sis Ko~IURA and Zt:-:HO'
Pecten (Pse1ulamusittm) akihoe11sis l'v!ATSCMOTO ~Pecten (Cittamys) crassir•enius YoKOYA\tA-

Nanakita and Aoso formal ions
Otsutsumi formation
Nanakita formation
Otsutsumi formation
ditto
ditto
Nanakita formation
ditto
ditto
ditto
Moniwa formation
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
Tsunaki formation

385.

Miocene Pectinidae from the Environs of Sendai

and H. 0;-.;JSI (1940)
Clltamys protomollita No:o.IURACll/amys uotoensis YoKOL\~IA
Ch/amys kaneharai YoKOYA~IA'
Cl!/amys yrmagatwensis No~tt:RA and ZINno
Chlamys sp . .,.
Pecten kagamianus YoKOYA~IA •Pecten sp. ·•Pseudamusium akilwensis l'viATSL'I>.IOTO

295:·

NOMt;RA S.

Moniwa formation
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto

... illustrated

Among the listed species almost allof the generic names and some species

used by the previous authors were revise:l. as shO\vn in Table I.

Table 1.
Original Name

Author' ;-----------------------

Pecten islandicus Mt:I.LER!

Chfamys arakawai (.!\'o~ILTRA)

Pecten uatoriensis MATSUMOTO ,\·anaoclllam\'s 110/oensis(YoKO\'A~'.IA)-Peden uatoriensis subot·alis
MATSllMOTO.Yauaoc!tlamys nolo!'nsis

MATSC~·IOTO(1930)(YOKOYAMA)

P(-deltliatoriensis iutiqlcilatcruli.~

Aanaoclllamys uotoensis

11ATSl' ~IOTO
1( YoJ<oYAl\IA)-Pec!ii/PfiCicostulaiits
1

J'vfATSI.'"-10TO

Velope~·ten .~-~iri;iz•ans
M.·\TSUMOTO
NAKA!vil,;RAPaliuojJ<!clen kagGmianus
kagamianus (YOKOYAM.'\)? Nanaochlamys notoensis(YOKOYAMA)

Pecteu (CII/amys) lwgamianus
1\:anaochlamrs untoensis(YOKOYA-MA)
miyagieusis 1\ AKA:-t~,; RA-fiel:Fe,I-(Sii,zt'lopeCiliii)- 1i£/n[rkita--: Gtorlpal!ilt;ii -crlii._q/•eniun-~--­
eusis NAKAMl'RA<Y OKOY.-\M.\)Pet.ie1l. (Szi{rlopecten) szc~ftii-Chlam\'s cosibensis lwnzawae(1940-A)(1940-B)

MASL'DABERNARI11-P,!cl(m-Tsu"JJiri]iei·lell-"!f-,'JIIt!i!llil: . l''hnlaociiiamys 1i~otoensis
NmtuRA

ensis No :-1 URA and HAT A I
Peclen ( Pati nopeclen) l~i muraiand HATAI (1937)

YoKOYA:-.t..\

No:-.n;RA('cY--r_Jc-K_O-c'-'A_~_I_A.:.)-,---~-~-Patinopecten nut/ umoriensis(NAKA~IL'KA)-Pectetl-(Pseiiclalmtsiuiizfakiho-- Miyagipectell liiatstmwrlensrsi ensis MATst;l\JOTO
MAst'DA
Pecten ( Clilam;.~Y protomollitus Placopec/en JZOIIl1ll'ai MASUDA
j No:o.JLR'\(1940)

1

Pecten(Cilla1n_vsf kanelwraiYoKoYAI\·IA

1\o:-!URA and 0!\ISI

1(1940)

Pecte11 protomoflita No~·IL'RA

Materials studied

The materials studied are preservedin the collections of the Department of
Geology, Faculty of Education, of theInstitute of Geology and Paleontology,
Faculty of Science, both of the Tohoku-------------------------Chlamys arakawai (NO.\IURA)

Placopecten mmmrai MAsUDA

University and of the Saito Ho-on Kai
Museum, all in Sendai City, and in thecollection of the Institute of Geology,
Faculty of Science. Tokyo University,
Tokyo.

The specimens of the mentioned collections are from localities distributed

Koichiro MASUDA"296
Table 2.

Geographical Distribution and Geological Range of the Miocene
B

A

J

jc

Range

~ 11 ~ I 0:~o~ .:loren:~!1 I ;g I ~t-< ! •0

-s

::::.

z

~

~

~

--=!=,o:_~j~i=i,\liyaglpecten malsumo1;iensis?v!ASUDA

Palliolum cf. pecklwmi (GA!H>) : _(No~Jt:RA) j'

Chtamys arakawai
Cit. cosibensis cosibensis

i

:

'

b. ;

•

g

~

~=-~-=~=)
1

b.

•

~

.....l~---:---:--,

o_ --~=: =~=~=~
1

d

!l.l

.....lr.:J§I=~-=~'=:'··,
D. b. I----I
(YOKOYAMA)
Cit. cosibensis hatzzau~ ----;;, - - ~~~·--------;;:_-_ _ _ _ I___ ---~--~
1

MASl_D_._"-_________--~--1--.

Cit. kaneharai (YoKOYAI\IA)

[ 0

:

-

1

-

D

- ------'----.0

--

__

----

--1

;

:

___ I__ .

Cit. kumanodoensis MASUDA
, D
I
~-- i
~·
1 _ - :_-Ch. miyatokoensis (N_ o~IURA,,I-~~---and fiATAI)'.
'
Ch. ~niyatolwensis matzln~- -_----~-- -~-- -;;r--~-- -~----,---~.
(1\o:--.JURA and HATAI)
1
1
!___

II

0 _1--

I-1

ni~~ataiensis~-0·:==~=-!=-=--~t:,.
~1

1

I

1_

j'

'_1

!_____

___

1

_ _

Nanaoc/zlamys 1wtoeusis

1(YoKOYAl\IA),,--·-;,- :-;;~--~

Glm·ipal/ium crassh•enium(YoKOYAMA)

1

Ct. -i~ttY~ASl'DA

1

I

1

6.1,_1 ___,

I

---

,

0

1

__

---:----:=------ - ----;;: - '·, - --_---;;·[--.

.--.1

_',1

,---:--~----

0

I

'

-

--

=--I

·------'--~----,--~~---·~

I
1

--~

- - -

,__ --- - - - - ---~---~-- - - - - - - - 1~:===~:::·~;~:~::""' 0~ =:=:_:=-! j~l=
kagamianus (YoKOYAMA)
Pat. kagmiilamis-moniwaensis,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __•1

Cryptopecteu yanagau·aensis(N"o~JURA and ZI.KBO)
Placopeden akihoensis

Pat. kimuraimitrayamai--_ _l _ _ l______ ,______i Ob.
t:,. 1
1 j D. _'_(BE~NARDI)

MASCDA__ ~----=!--=
---1

1

_ _ _

1

Ch.
On;J<A
Ch. (Swiftopeclen) swiflii----.

-- - -j-=-!
-------~---(YoKOYA~lA) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [_ _ _ _ _ _ !__Pat. kimurai li![atwuraensis(NAKAMURA)

Pat. matunwriensis_ _(N.~I\AMURA)

Pat. nakajimai MAsUDA
Pat. paraPlebejus (No~lt:RAand liAT:~I) _________ _

·

·

:

I

- - - - - - - --~~~
1_ _ _ _ _

D _

1

j

.

_' ____ - - - - - - - - - - - - -I!~j_i __l_____
'

I

1 I

I

0---------- --- ---

I

I

I

I

--------- -I

A,_ _ _

I=----------1 '--------'

A-Sendai proper and the southern area, B-Tomiya area, C-Shiogama area
0-Abundant. D-Common. c,.-Few or Rare

385.

Miocene Pectinidae from the Environs of Sendai

Pectinidae from the E1wirons of Sendai====--~~--

Distribution(Each name indicates a ~tratigraphic unit)

Inagozawa.-Ginzan. Tanagura. Utsuno. e~

I

Kamenoo. Onnagawa. Yakumo. etc.

1

Tmagane*. Tanosawa. Yanagawa

I

-----

Koshiba. Hamada. Sawane. Setana. etc.
Sugota. Ginzan. :\anao. Oido, Utsuno
Kanomatazawa, Ginzan. Tanagura. etc.
Imaganc*
Ginzan. Utsuno

1

~--

---

; Shiratori
Daishaka. Ginzan. Sawane. Setana. etc.
Nanao. Imagane*. Oido. Yanagawa
Nanao. Kotsunagi, Suzukamogawa. etc.
Kokozura. Suenomatsuyama
Yanagawa. Utsuno
Nanao. Oido

Nana~. Kimachi. In~gane_* __I

I Nanao

Sugota. Futatsugoya. Orito. Tanosaw~
etc.

-----------' Higashi-Innai

1

Tanagura. Ginzan. Kobana*-Lower part of the Setana formation(:\AGAO and SAS.>\, 1934)

297'

throughout Japan and include nearly all'from where the Pectinidae fos.:;ils ha\'ebeen known to occur.
The important localities of the fossil'
pectinids in the environs of Sendai are·giYen in the following list.
A.

Sendai proper and its southern area
Moniwa. Sendai City ............. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Moniwa formation
2. Kita-Akaishi. Sendai City ......... .
.. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
. .... ditto
3. Ainosawa. Kita-Akaishi. Sendai City
. ............................... ditto·
4. Nakayachi. Kita-Akaishi, Sendai
City ..................... ; .... ditto. .... ditto
5. Kumanod6. 1\atori City
6. Jyunishind6. Kumanodo, Natori City.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .
. .. ditto
7. Kanagasc. Ogawara-machi.
. .. dittoShibata-gun ...... .
8. Takada, Sendai City............. Hatatate formation
9. Hongo. Sendai City ............ ditto
10. Tsunaki. Scndai City ............. .
. ................. Tsunaki formation
1.

Tomiya area
6tsutsumi, Taiwa-machi. Kurokawa-gun ........ 6tsutsumi formation
2. Dodokoro. Izumi-machi. Miyagi-gun. . . . . .. . . .. .. . . . . .
. .... dittO•
3. Hozawa, Izumi-machi .......... ditto.
4. About 1.5 km. west of Ishikura,
Taiwa-machi ........ Aoso formation
5. Aoso, Sendai City .............. ditto·
6. Yuba, Riiu-mura. Mi~·agi-gun ... .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ditto·
7. Matsumori. Izumi-machi ......... .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nanakita formation
8. Naragi. Tomiya-mura, Kurokawagun ............................ ditto9. Nagashiba, Tomiya-mura ...... ditto10. Kumagai, Tomiya-mura ........ dittoB.

l.

C. Shiogama areal. Higashi-Shiogama, Shiogama City...................... Ajiri formation.
2. East of Sato-hama, Miyato-jima.
Naruse-machi, Monoo-gun.......... Hamada (Ajiri) formation,

Koichiro MitSUDA:298
Cat.alogue

Subfamily Amusiinae
Genus Miyagipecten MAsLToA, 1952
·Type-species :-kliyagiperten

matsumori·€11SiS ~IASUDA-1952.

...................... Early Miocene
Clzlamys (s. s.) kunumodoemis lVIAsl'IM,
1953 .................. Early Miocene
Clz!amys (s. s.) miyatokoensis (~O\IURA and
H.nAI), 1937 .......... Early Miocene
Clilamys (s. s.) miyatokocnsis matumori (No~lliRA and ILHAI). 1931 ............. .
................ Early Miocene {late)

Miyagipecten l\1.-\SL'DA. Trans. Proc. Pa/aeonl. Soc. japan. N. S., 1w. 8. p. 251.

!11iyagipeclell ma/sumoriensis ~L\.st·oA,
1952 ............ Early Miocene (late)Subgenus Szc{ftopecfen HERT!.F.I:-., 1935
Type-species :-Pecte11 su·iftii BER:-;ARDI
Sw~ftopecten
HERTLE!X,
Proc. Calif.
.-lead. Sci .. Ser. 4. 110/. 21, 110. 25, p. 319.

1935.

Genus Palliolum Mo:-.TEROSATo. 1884
·Type-species :-Peden testae B1vOKA'1884.

Pal/iolum l'vloNTEI~OSATO. Nom. Gen.
Conch. Ml'dit.. p. 5 (fide VERRILL,
Trans. Conn. ,lead. Arts Sci .. l'ol. 10,
p. 65. 18H7).

.Pallio!um cf. pecldwmi (GAnn). 1869 ....
................ Oligocene to Pliocene

Chlamys (Swiftopecten) szc~ftii (lkH:-.ARDI)............ Early Miocene to Recent

Genus Nanaoc/ilamys HATAI and
1\IL>\Sl'DA. 1953
Type-Species :-Pee/en 1tofoe11sis

YoKo-

YA~IA

Subfamily Pectininae
Genus Chlamys (BoLTE:-.)
Ri>I>Il"G, 1798
·Type-species :-Pecten islandicus ~lor.r.ER'1798.

Chlamys l~i>DIKG. cUtts. Bolten .. Pt. 2. p.
161 (tide DALL, Tra11s. Wagner Freeb1st. Sci .. r>o/. 3. pt. 4. p. 695. 1898).

Subgenus Ch/amys s. s.
· Chlamys (s. s.) arakmmi (No\!l'RA), 1935
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Early Miocene· Clzlamys (s. s.) wsibensis cosibensis (YoKo·
YA"-lA). Hl21 .................... Early
Miocene (late) to Pliocene (early)· Clllamys (s. s.) rosibensis hanzawae 1'-.IAsL;DA,

1953.

Nmuwchlamys IIATJ\1 antl MASUD.·\,
Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc.fapan, N. S.,
1/0. 11. p. 76.

Nanaoch/amys noloensis (YoKOYA:\lA), 1929...................... Early Miocene

Genus Gloripallium IRED,\1-E. 1939
Type-species :-Ostrea pallium L1xxt
1939.

Gloripal/ium IRED.o\1-E. Great Barrier
Reef E:rped., 1928-29. Sci. Rep., val. 5,110. 6, Moll., Pt. 1. p. 357.

Gloripallimn crassit•enium (YoiWYA!I1A),
1929 .................. Early l'VIiocene
G/oripa//ium izurensis i\IAst:DA. 1958 ....
...................... Early Miocene}959 ........................... .

...... Early Miocene to Late Miocene• Clilamys (s. s.) kane/wrai (YoKoYA\IA}. 1926

Genus Cryptopecten DAti.. BARTSCH
and REIIDErl, 1938

385.

Miocene Pectinidae [rom the Environs of Sendai

Type-species :-Cryptopecten
BARTscu and REHL>ER

alli

DALL.

1938. CryploPl•deu DALL, BARTSCH and REH·
or-:r~. lfemice P. !Jishop .\Ius .. Bull. I 53,
p. !.J3.

Cryptopecten yanagmmensis (.Ko~IURA andZr:-;Bo). 1936 .......... Early l\Iiocene

Genus P!acopec/en VERRILL. 1897
Type-species :-Pecten clintonius S.w

Placopeclc•n VERRILl., Trans. Co1111. :lead.
Arts Sci., t•ol. IO, p. 69.

1897.

P!acopecten akilwensis (l\L\TsnroTo). 1930
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Early Miocene

Placopecten nomurai ivhsuoA, 1953 ..... .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Early lviiocene
Genus Palinopeden DALL, 1898
Type-species :-Pecten caurinus Got:LD
1898.. Patinoprc/en DAI.I .. Trans. Wagner l·i·ee
Inst. Sci .. t•ol. 3. pt. -1. p. 695.

Patinopecten
Patinopectenkt~gamimues

kagamianus(Yoi<OYA~rA).

1923 .... Early Miocene

kagamianus.:\·IAsuoA, 1958

mrmizcaensis........ Early l\'liocene

Patinopecten kimurai murayamai '.T or-:oYA~rA),

1926 .......... Early Miocene

Patinopecten kimumi tiganouraensis (:'\AKA:-orl!RA). 1940 ........ Early :Miocene{NAKA:~ort:RA ).

Patinopecten matumoriensis

1940 ............ Early :'v1iocene date)
Patinopecten 1wkajimai l\I.-\sL·oA. 1954 ..
...................... Early l\Iiocene
Patinopecten parap!ebejus Nm.lt:RA andHATAI), 1\13(1 .... Early Miocene (late)
1

Heferences
W. II. (1898), Contributions to the
Tertiary Fauna of Florida. Trans. Wag·DALL,

ner hw Ins! .. Sci., t•ol. 3. pt . .J, pp. 571947, 13 pis.
HATAT. K. and S. NJsJYAMA (1952). Check
List of japanese Tertiary Marine C\lol·lusca. Sci. Rep .. Tohoku U11it> .. Ser 2. SPecial
vol .. no. 3, pp. 1-464.
- - and K. 1\lASL'DA (1953). On the Pee/en
notoensis YoKOYA~1A (On the :\liocene
Pcctinidae from the Environs of Sendai,Part 2). Trans. Proc. Palae01tl. Soc. Japa11,.V. S .. no. 11. pp. i5-82. 1 pl.. 3 text-figs.
HERTLEI:". L. G. (1935). The Templeton Cro·cker Expedition of the California Acade·my oi Sciences. 1932. no. 25. The Recent
Pectinidae. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci .. Ser..J,z·ol. 2I. no. 25. pp. 301-328, 2 pis.
lREDALE. T. (1939). Great Barrier Reef Ex·
pedition. 1928· 29. l'vlollusca. Part 1. Sci .
Rep .. Great Barrier Reef Exped., z•ol. 5, 110.
6. pp. 209--125. i pis .
?IIAsL:DA. K. (1952). On Some Miocene Pee·tinidae from the Environs of Sendai.
Trans.. Proc. Palaeon/. Soc. ] apan, N. S ..
no. S. pp. 2,19-254. 1 pis.
- - (1953). On the Miocene I'ectinidac fromthe Environs of Senclai: Part 3. Two::\liocene Pectens. ibid .. 1111. 12. pp. 83-87,
1 pl.
- - (1954). On the Miocene I'ectinidae1 fromthe Environs of Sendai: Part 4, Pecle11
akilanus Yoi<oY AMA and Chlamys nisalai·
ensis 0Tn;A. ibid .. no. 13, pp. 111-116, 1
pl.
- - (1954). On the l\oliocene Pectinidae fromthe Environs of Sendai : Part 5, On Pec/e11
arakazwi No:~ori.'RA. ibid., uo. 1·1, pp. 149153. 1 pl.
- - (1954). On the Miocene Pcctinidae fromthe Environs of Sendai; Part 6. .-\ Xew
Pectinid from the Moniwa formation.
ibid., uo. I 5. pp. 159-162. 1 pl.
- - (1956). On the Miocene Pectinidae fromthe Environs of Sendai ; Part i. On Pecten
kanelzarai Yor-:oYA~IA. i/lid.. 110. 22. pp.
115-183. 1 pl. 1 text-fig.
- - (1956). On the l'vlioccne l'cctinidae fromthe Environs of Sendai: Part 8, On Pee/en(Patinoprcten) kimurai nutlumorieusis N,\KA-:>.It;RA. ibid .. 110. 23. pp. 221-224, 1 pl.
- - (1956), On the Miocene l'cctinidac from

-

,,

3(J0

Koiclzi1·o M4.'iUDA

the Environs of Sendai : Part 9, On Pecte11(Chlamys) miyatokoensis No:o.wtv\ andHAT AI. ibid.. no. 24. pp. 247-250, 1 pl.
- - (1957). A Note on }.fiyagipeclen matsu·
moriensis MASUDA. Saito Ho-011 Kai ,lfus ..
Res. Bull., 110. 26. pp. 31c39, 1 pl., 8 text·figs.
- - (19E8), On the Miocene Pectinidae fromthe Environs of Sendai: Part 10, On
Pecten (Aequipecten) yanagawaensis ~0"11.'·
RA and ZI!'\IJO. Trmzs. Proc. l'alaeont. Soc.
Japan. N. S.. 110. 30, pp. I 89-192. 1 pl.
- - (1958). On the Miocene Pectinidae fromthe Environs of Sendai; !'art 11. Pecten(Chlamys) crassivenius YoKOYA"IA. ibid..
no. 31, pp. 223-229. 1 pl.. 1 tcxt·tig.
- - (1958). On the Miocene Pectinidae fromthe Environs of Sendai : Part 12. On
Pecten kagamiamts YoKOYA~IA. ibid., uo.
32, pp. 271-284. 2 pis.
- - (1959), On the Miocene Pcctinidae fromthe Environs of Sendai; Part 13. On
Pecten (Patinopecten) Paraj>lr!bejus No:-.w ·RA and HATAI. ibid., 110. 33, pp. 1-6. 1 pl.
- - (1959). On the Miocene Pectinidae fromthe Environs of Scndai: Part 14, On
Pecten swiflii BERNARDI. ibid., 110. 34, pp.
86-96. 1 pl.. 1 text-fig.
- - (1959), On the Miocene Pectinidae fromthe Environs of Sendai; Part 15. On
Pecten cosibensis YOKOYA:O.IA and its Related Species. ibid., 110. 35. pp. 121-132,
1 pl.
- - (1960), On the Miocene Pectinidae fromthe Environs of Sendai ; Part 16, Pecten
kimurai YoKOYAMA and Pa/lio/um cf.
peckhami (GA!HJ). ibid .. 110. 38, pp. 249262, 2 pis.
MATSUI\IOTO, H. (1930), On the Marine
Faunae of Three Fossil Zones of theUpper Miocene of Natori District, ProYince of Rikuzen. Sci. Rep., Tolwku Imp.
U11i1' .. Ser. 2, 1•o/. 13. 110. 3. pp. 95-109. 2
pis.
NAKA"!URA, M. (1940), On Some Pectinidae
Fossils from the Miocene Deposits of theTomiya Block, Miyagi·ken, Northeast
HonsyG. Japan. Japan. ]our. G:Jol. Geogr.,
1'0/. 17. /lOS. 1-2, pp. 1-15, 2 p)s.
- - (19·10). An Interesting Pecten from the
Nanakita Beds. Nenosiroisi-mura, Mira·gi-gun. Miyagi-ken. ]our. Geol. Soc. ]apall.
mi. 4';, 110. 56 7, pp. 263-264, 1 text-fig.
~OMURA. S. and K. I-lA TAI (1937), A List of
Lhe Miocene Mollusca and Brachiopoda
Collected from the Region lying !'orthof the Nanakita River in the Vicinityof Sendai. Rikuzen Province. Japan. SaitoHo-on Kai Mus.. Res. Bull., 110: 13.· pp.
121-145, 5 pis.
- - (1940). Molluscan Fauna of the Moniwa
Shell Beds Exposed along the Natori·
gawa. in 1he Vicinity of Sendai. Miyagi
Prefedure, Japan. Sci. Rep .. Tolzoku Imp.
C.Iniz·., Ser. 2, rot. 21, 1w. 1. pp. 1-46. :'3pis.
- - and H. 01'\tst (19,10), Neogene Mollusca
from the Sennan District, Miyagi· Prefecture, Japan. Japan. ]our. Geol. Geogr.,mi. 17, 110s. 3-4, pp. 181-194. 3 pis.
VERRILL. A. E. (1897), A Study of the Fami·
ly Pectinidae, with a Revision of theGenus and Subgenus. Trans. Con11. ·Acad.
.4rts Sci .. l'ol. 10. pp. 41-95, 7 pis., 1 text·
fig.
YABE, H. and K. HATAI (1940). The Cenozoic Formations and Fossils of Northeast
HonsyG, Japan. Sci. Rep.. Tolzoku Imp.
Univ .. Ser. 2, vol. 22. no. 1, pp. 1-86, 4pis.

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. N. S .. Ko. 39, pp. 301-306. pl. 34. Sept. 1, 1960

386.

MOLLUSCAN FOSSILS FROM THE NAKAZATO
FOR:VfATION IN YOKOHAMA*NAOAKI AOKIInstitute of Geology and Mineralogy. Tokyo University of Education.j\'/t~(l)tp Ef!.~jl't£(1) .ft ftE;.: -0~ ·-r::tUtifrilH$ilil:r.:)E~ "t G :=iiiJII'?il!fJ:flE(I),tf:l !!l~ .t 1J.il[llilA:flftfi~>:-0~·<:YtH!fL. Jtft:fi0)~~7~. ll¥~mJ. IS~!ilii.:.-0~·<:..S-ht.:.o "ft.:.. fRJ~il·
1?(1) Macoma i!ll(l) 1 Wfifi!.f!li~~cll!tL.t.:..,
W /f( ill: liB

Introduction

The molluscan fossils from the northern part of the Miura Peninsula. Kanagawa Prefecture, were first describedand figured by YoKOYA~IA 1l9:Z0), whose
pioneer work was recently re-examined
and revised by TAJ\1 and 0YA:\L" (1954).
besides Qy A~IA (1951) discussed on thefossil molluscan assemblages of thisregion with special reference to their
paleoecological significances.
The present paper deals with the molluscan fossils, collected by the \\Titer
during 1955 to 1958, from the rocks exposed in the southern half of Yokohama
City, Kanagawa Prefecture. The fossils
and fauna from the mentioned area havenot been reported fully by previous
authors.
Here, the writer expresses his thanks
to Prof. \.Yataru HASIIIi\IOTo, Messrs. Shigeru AoKr. Saburo KAi'\No, and .Masae
OMORI of our Institute for their kindsupervision. and to Prof. Kotara HATAIof the Tohoku University for his kindreading of this manuscript.
General Geology

The Tertiary stratigraphy of theMiura Peninsula and its northern adja-* Received May 23, 1959: read May 23, 1959.

cent area was first studied in detail by
0Tl:J(A (1930. 1937), and subsequently bymany authors.
According to the recent study by AKA:.li:"E and others (19S6l, the Tertiary deposits of the said Peninsula can bedivided into two groups, namely, thelVIiocene Hayama and the " Pliocene"
Miura groups. An upper part of thelVliura group exposed in Yokohama Cityand its environs is subdivided into thefollowing lithologic units. in decendingorder.
Tomioka alternations
Nakazato siltstone
Koshiba sandstone
Ofuna siltstone
No.iima tuffaceous siltstone

The molluscan fossils treated in thispaper are from the middle to lower horizons of the Nakazato formation. This
formation is composed mainly of massive
bluish gray siltstone which partially
grades into sandy siltstone or very finegrained sandstone. intercalating thinlayers of sandstone and white tuff.
The Nakazato is unconformably overlain by the " Pleistocene " Naganuma
and Byobugaura formations and is conformably superposed on the Koshibasandstone in the southern area of Yoko-

:302

Naoaki AOKIhama and the siltstone-rich Tsurukawa
alternations in the northern area.
Although there still remain some questions concerning the stratigraphic relation of the Nakazato to its underlying
formations, it is considered that thelower part of the J\akazato formation
grades laterally into the upper part of
the Koshiba formation.
Fossil Localities

Loc. 1. Cliff in l\laruyama-machi. l\Iinami-ku. Yokohama City.
Loc. 2. Cliff behind the water-supply
office. Nakamura-machi. Minami-ku,
Yokohama City.
Loc. 3. Hill-side cliff. near the electricpower station. Bessho-machi. Minamiku, Yokohama City.
Loc. 4. Cliff near the Hama Primary
School. llama-machi. Isogo-ku. Yokohama City. This is the type-localityof the Pleistocene Byobugaura formation.
Loc. 5. Small outcrop of the streamside. in the grounds of the shrine.
Hino-machi. l\linami-ku, Yokohama
City.

Text-figure 1. Map showing the fossil
localities in Yokohama City.

Faunal List

The total number of the species dis-tinguished by the writer from five
localities of the ~akazato formation. aregiven in Table 1. The molluscan fossils
comprise more than 57 species of pelecypoda, 2 of scaphopoda and 23 of gastropoda, some of which are figured in theplate and one new form is describedhere'inaf t er.
Mode of Occurrence and EcologicalNotes on the Molluscan Faunules

According to their modes of occurrence and the lithological facies. therepresentative species or faunal associations of the species are as follows:1) Faunal association from the siltstoneThe molluscan fossils are scatteredsporadically throughout the massive
Nakazato siltstone and are generally wellpreserved. Most of the pelecypods, besides Periploma cf. mitsuganoeuse consistof isolated valves, but fragmental specimens are rare.
Such characteristic species as. Nucula
cf. te11uis. _-leila minuta. }·oidia nagamemana. Portlandia jajxmicn, Limopsis
crenata. L. azumana, So/amen diaplzana,
iliacoma calcarea yokohamaensis AoKI, n.
subsp .. Perip!oma cf. mitsuganoense. Dentalium srptentrionale and Turritella ikebei
were collected from the siltstone.
Considering these species. they represent a rather deep. mud- or sandy mudbottom assemblage. and are autochthonous in occurrence.
2) Faunal association from the finegrained sandstoneAt Locality 5, the molluscan fossils
are crowded on a small scale in the veryfine-grained sandstone of the formation.
Small shells of Limopsis cre11ata aredominant. and some of them consist of
intact valves.

386.

Molluscan Fossils from the Nakazato Formation tn Yokohama

Table 1.

303

List of the molluscan fossils from the Nakazato formation.

----~~-----1
Localities

lilac/ rinula dolabrata*
I c
5 I Oxyperas bemardir_s~ecies names . ~·--------- :\!acoma calcareaayokoha maeusi s*
PELECYPODAI
1IMoerella
kurodair -I
Nucttla cf. teme;sI fr
Peronidia t•e11ulosa
I C
r
r
r
A.cila minutafCadella lubricar
Neilonella coix*' a
Solen gnuldi
Nuculana yokoyamaifS. krusenstenziIr
Saccel/a cmrfusa
Cultellus sp.
r
S. gordonisr.1nisocorbula renustarcafPortlandia japonica
a r
Yoldia tzagammuma*
a r - I Cryptomya /Jusoensis.llyadora japonica
IiArea cf. miyatensis
Periploma d. mitsugauoense c
Anadara sp.
r
Cuspidaria fujitai*r
Gtycymeris yessoensisf
C. cf. iridella*rrLimopsis tolwiensisaL. crena/aar
SCAPHOPODA
L. azummutar
So/amen diaphanafcDen/a/iron septentrionalecD. 2 spp.
r
Chlamys cf. IJesiculosusf
C. cf. nobilisr
GASTROPODA
PatilwPecten tokvoensis*c"Pecten·· sp. A:*f
Turcicula cf. argenteonitens. r"Pectinidae ·· 2 spp.
fc:mboni IIIII s p.
'I r
Leptothyra amussitatacPronwntellum lzakodatense c,Hinolia sp.
lvfonia radial1trTurrilella ikebei*aOstrea gigesar
0. sp.
f
Billium sp.
Crassatellites nanusc•· Pvramidellidae" sp.
I ~cVetzericardia .ferrugineaa~"."ai ica srn'erarfoannisielta semiasperoidea r
Polinices sp.
Lucinoma amwlatafNet•erita didyma" Lucinidae " sp.
r
Tomw lttteostomafChanut reflexarBabylonia sp.
r" Buccimcm ,. 2 spp.
Cfinocardium californiense c
Fulvia muticar
Nassarius cae/atus
Nemocardium samarangae c·· Driltia" ct. dainicfriensis rrDosinia japonicacrTurricu/a sp.
r
Protothaca adamsifClal'1tS jej}'reysiifPaplzia ~ spp.
r
C. benten var.
r
Me1·cenaria sp.
Clat,atula sp.
r
Clementia 1•atlzeleti<:,\1yurella sp.
"Vencridae •· 2 spp.
r
Pupa cf. clathratarAfactra cf. crossetr
Ri11giwla doliarisr
Spisuta sachalinensis
Adamenestia japonicaaS. cf. voyi
r
~

3

r

4

-;I

c

a

!-

=I

~

~I

r

r

r

c

c

a

c

f

r

r

f

c
r

I

r

a: abundant, c: common. f: few. r: rare.
The species marked by the asterisks are figured in the plate.

3) Faunal association from the sandstonelayerWith one exception of Locality 4. nomolluscan shell was found from thesandstone layers intercalated in the siltstone. At Locality 4, Ostrea gigas andwell-grov,·n Spisula sachalinensis were
found crowded in somewhat dense arrangement only within the sandstonelayer, whereas !1iacoma calcarea yokolzamaensis and Perip!on:a cf. mitsuganoensebesides rare individ~als of Yoldia. Port~

304

Naoaki AoKJ

landia and Solen occur sporadically inthe siltstone. The above mentioned
species from the sandstone layer are.considered to be shallow water dwellers
transported by currents to a deeper
place to be deposited with sands.
4) Faunal association from the bed of•· silt-pebbles··In the cliffs around i\Iaruyama-machi(Loc. 1). one remarkable bed of about
two meters thick is well exposed, inter-calated in massive siltstone.
It is.characterized by its abundant bearing·Of contemporaneous ·• silt-pebbles", perhaps due to submarine sliding (mudtlows).and cemented by coarse and granulesands. It has a sharp basal boundary andgrades upwards gradually into silt-sized
rock. Abundant shells were found in thesands of the matrix and at the surface
Qf the .. silt-pebbles" in this bed, but
none within them.
This fossiliferous bed is continuous tothe hill-side cliffs at Loc. 2 and nearby.
and many fossil shells occur not only inthis bed. but also in the siltstone intercalating the former.
Besides all of the species of the above
mentioned faunal assemblages, many
interesting ones were found from thisbed. Yoldia uaganumana, Nc:ilonella wix,
Limopsis 2 spp.. Patiuopecten tokyoensis,
Venericardia ferruginea, Clinowrdium
californiense. Jlfacoma calcarea yolwftamaensis. 1Vemocardium samaraugae. Anisocorbula ven11sla and Turritel!a ikebei aredominant.
Most of the above listed species seemto be deep-water dwellers in the Recent
sea, but, as shown in the total list. shallow-water types are abundant. and intermingled with them.
Though a few species which seem tobe fond of warm-waters are mixed in
the list, the occurrence of some shells
living in cold-waters from the l\akazato

formation lLocs. 1, 4) are to be noted.
Considering from the fact that 'the mostof them are members of shallow-waters .
it may be well infered that the temperature of the sea-waters at that time wasrather lower than at present.
Systematic Description

Family Pectinidae
Genus .. Pecten" MOLLEH. 1776
"Pecten'', generic name. is used here
in the wide sense.

" Pecten .. sp. A.
Plate 3·1. Figures 7-9

Left valve (young) flat. equilateral.
orbicular in shape. Height nearly equal
to length. with straight hinge-line. about
half of shell length. Apical angle nearlyllO". Ribs about 13 in number, low,round topped. straight, separated by flat
interspaces of same width as ribs; provided with a few faint radial threads
near dorsal margins. Internal ribs platelike. carinated at sides at ventral margin.
Regular. distinct, concentric growthlines numerous, covering whole shell.
Auricles subequal in size. both anterior
and posterior borders nearly truncatedat right angle. marked with line coli·
centric growth lines.
Right valve \one fragment}, with very
low and round radial ribs. as wide as
flat interspaces. Internal ribs somewhat
edged at distal end as in left valve.
Dimensions :-Height. 29.7mm. ; length,30.5 mm. (left valve}
Remarlls :-The shell outline and fewer
number of ribs of the left valve aresomewhat similar to those of Pecten
iitomieusis 0TL'K.~. but the present one
differs from the latter by having wider
rib-interspaces of the right valve, and3 86.

Molluscan Fossils from the Nalwzato Formation m Yokohama

i:he internal ribs of the left valve are·edged only at the ventral margin.
The left valve of the present indeter·mined species is distinguished from thatof Pecten nagauumana Y oKOYA?.IA byhaving a narrower apical angle, and from
Pecten yessoensis SowERBY by ha\-ing
fewer ribs.
Owing to the lack of good specimens·of the right valve. it is impossible atpresent to make detail comparison withpreviously described species and to determine its speciftc name.
Occurrence:- Three specimens were·Collected from Loc. l, Maruyama-machi.
Yokohama City.
Family Tellinidae
Genus J1acoma LEACH, 1819

J1acoma calcarea yokohamaensis
AoKI, n. subsp.
Plate 34. Figures 15-11. Tcxt·figure 2

Shell medium in size. much compress·ed. transversly subovate: test thin,height about '2/3 of shell length. Leftvalve slightly more inflated than right;
beak low but prominent. situated at
posterior two-fifths; antero-dorsal margin
straight for a short distance before beak,parallel with ventral margin and continued to circular front. forming an
indistinct obtuse angle between them:
ventral margin, broadly arcuated andascending behind gradually to narrowly
rounded extremity, postero-ventral cor:ner somewhat truncated : postero-dorsal
border slightly convex. Posterior folding weak but distinct, turned to right.
-weak and obscure ridge runs from beakto postero-ventral corner.
Surface marked by fine distinct gro\vthJines, more or less unequal in strength.
"Two smaiJ cardinal teeth in each valve,305

Text-figure 2. Pallial sinus of J1laco11UJ,:a/carea )'okohamaensis AoKI, n. subsp.

no laterals. Pallial sinus unequal ineach valve. but not clearly observable;
rather high and profound sinus in left
valve: but its rounded distal erid does
not meet oblong anterior muscule scar;in right valve. it shows roundly rhomboidal shape. about half length between
t\\"o muscle scars (Text-fig. 2).

Dimensions:L

H

W

Holotype 3·1.5 ~2.8 ca. 5 Omm. (Reg. No. 6686)
Paratype 30.0 21.0 ca. 4.5(Reg. No. 6687)
24./ 17.2 ca. 3.5(Reg. No. 6688)

Remarks:- The young shell of thisnew subspecies closely resembles 11Iacmna
calcarea (G~tELt:-.~) from the Northern
Pacific, but in adult specimens. theformer is distinguishable from the latterby having more ovate shell and characteristic antero-dorsal margin.
Nlacoma iujlatula DALL (OLDROYD. 1924,
p. 174, pl. 1. figs. 2, 8; pl. 13, fig. 15)
from British Columbia, is another allied
one, but it has a somewhat rostrated
posterior end and a more anteriorly
situated beak.
11Iacnma izurensis YoKOYA~IA (1925. p.
19. pl. 2, fig. 12) from the Miocene of

30G

Naoaki AoKI

the Joban coal-field and M. pmetexta
oinomikadoi 0TuKA (1939, p. 28, pl. :!, figs.
15-18) from the Pliocene Hamada formation, Aomori-Prefecture, are also allied
to this subspecies, but the former has alarger and higher shell and the latter amore sharply truncated posterior dorsal
margin.
Occurrence :-Frequent in the siltstoneof the Nakazato formation. The 1-Iolotype is from Loc. 3. Bessho-machi, Yokohama City.
References
AK;\MI:'\E and others (1956). Geology of theMiura Peninsula, Earth Science, no. 30.
pp. 1-8. 1 fig.
GRA:"T. U.S. and GALE. H. R.(1931), Catalogueof the Marine Pliocene and Pleistocene
Mollusca of California. Afem. San /Jiego
Soc. Nat. Hist .. rot. 1. 1036 pp. 32 pis.
KURODA, T. and IIOIHKOSHI. M. (1952), On
Two New Species, Periploma ot'tlla andOf!odes11UI nakamigawai (Periplomatinae).
fap. four. Maloc., t•ol. 17. 110. 1, pp. 16-22.
text·figs. 1-3.
OI.orW\'D. 1. S. (1924), The Marine Slwlls of

the West Coast of North America. Part~
1. Stanford Univ., Puhl. Geol. Sci., vo/. 1,.
pt. 1, 247 pp., 57 pis.
0TUKA, Y. (1930). On the Stratigraphy of theNorthern Part of the Miura Peninsula:.
with Special Reference to the Variationof the Shore-Line in the Latest Geological Age, four. Gent. Soc. japan, vol. 37,.
110. 4·12, pp. 343-386.
- - (19a7), Geologic Structure of the South
Kwanto Region, Japan. (Yokohama-Huzi·
sawa District). Bull. Earthq. Res. lnst ...
Tokyo, z•ol. 15. pt. 4, pp. 974-1040, withEnglish abstract 4 pp.
- - (1939), Mollusca from the Cainozoic System of Eastern Aomori Prefecture, Japan. four. Geol. Soc. ]af>mt, vol. 44, no. 5<14 •.
pp. 23-31, pl. 2.
OYAMA, K. (1951). On the Fossil Biocoenosis.
of the Koshiba Formation, 11Iisc. Rep.,
Res. b1st. Nat. Res .. no. 24. pp. 55-59.
TAKI, I. and 0YA~tA, K. (1954). Matajiro Yoko·yama·s the Pliocene and Later Faunas
from the Kwanto l{cgion in Japan. Palae·
on/. Sot:. Japan. Spec. Pap., no. 2, pp. 1-68,.
pis. 1-49.
YoKoYA:\IA. M. (1925). Molluscan Remains.
from the Uppermost Part of the jo-ban
Coal-Field. jour. Col/. Sci., Imp. Uttiv. Toltyo. l'o/. 45. art. 5. pp. 1-34. pis. 1-6.

Explanation of Plate 34
Figs. 1-3. Neilone/la coix HABE. 1. 2, x:.!; 3. x3. Loc. I.
Figs. 4-6. Yoldia nagamonana (Yor<oYAMA). 4a, xl. 5; 4h. 5. 6. xl. Loc. 3.
Figs. 7-9. .. Pecten" sp. A. x 1. Loc. l. 7, inner side of left valve; 8, outer side of right·
valve; 9, outer side of left Yalvc.
Figs. 10, 11. Patinopectell tokyoensis (ToKUNAG.-\). x 1. Loc. 1.
Figs. 12.-14. J\loctrinula dolabrata (REE\'E). xl. 12, Loc. Noborito, Tama-hill, northwest of
Yokohama City, Pliocene Iimuro Formation, for comparison; 13, Loc. 3; 14, Loc. 1.
Figs. 15-17. !lfacoma calcarea _vokohamaensis AoKI, n. subsp. xl. 15, 16, Loc. 3; 17, Loc. 1. 15,.
Holotype. 16. 17, Paratypes.
Figs. 18-21. Perip/rmw cf. mitsuganoense ARAKI. 18-20, X2/3: 21. x2. Loc. 4. 19, inner surfaceof left valve: 21, showing condrophorc.
Fig. 22. Cuspidaria fujitai KuRODA. x2. Loc. 1.
Figs. 23. 24. Cuspidaria cf. iridella KUIWDA. x2. Loc. 1.
Fig. 25. Turritella ikebei KoTAKA. X 1. Loc. 1.
All illustrated specimens are deposited in the collection of the Institute of Geology andl
Mineralogy. Tokyo University of Education.
Photo by Shozo AoKI.

AOKI:

Plate 34

Molluscan Fossils from Yokohama
2a

1a

3a

4b

4a

~

1b

2b

5a

5b

10

6

3b

.

I

.

l

! '\

'

'\\

11

"~
22

12b

15

23

24

Trans. Pro.:. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. N. S. :\o. 39, pp. 307-310. pl. 35. Sept. 1. 1960::s7.

TWO NEW SPECIES OF KEWIA FR0:\1 JAPAN*\·IATSUTARO SHIBATA
Tol<yo Upper Secondary School of Chemical Technology

F1 ;4.:£ Kewia Q).::,:tlff!I!: Kewia (:t. Echinarachniidae Q)ifiiH:*11JJ::..:tQ)~~t.c-t t Q).!:: ~ ;t I? ;ft. ~i:tlll!/; L.. C: +<:; <. tJ •-? 1=1 ~"iliJI;:,t,;(t 7.>1i!l:ttWifUIJ~k~. ;~j,;~tfl,?iQ):(;IU&~tl:*7fft:. ""C7.>. IH>:~ J.: U: itlffi\:il· >;,. -t-c·;:. 4 f!fiil~*tHt;- ~ .h C:l. • 7.>, c. Q)f.:.O<:!J~IIIJ..'f-/i!;Q)iJ.!i!HiR/WtJ·~?llll!. fll;xft.J&Q)~~*"'l~rffil·l? 1 fmt~:;eJ!~:ht.:b'·, l.·f~1.t~ffU::~;tl?.h. iiii~~
Kewia ugoensis. {~c~~ Kewia mimtfa b'flf~ L..t.:.
;;{; ffi ~ i\: ft~s

Keu·ia is the smallest of all the sand·dollars known. It is known that it has
not only the smallest test but also someprimitive characters. It is consequently
thought to be an ancestral stock ofEchinarachniidae. Thus it is the important genus in the consideration of theevolution of Echinarachniidae.
Some specimens of Kewia were offered
by Dr. Saburo KAN!'.'o and 1\'lr. Naoaki
AoKJ of the Institute of Geology andMineralogy, Tokyo University of Education. The writer expresses his sincere
thanks to both the colleagues.
On carefully examining the materials.
they \Yere proved to represent two new·species, respectively: the one is Kcwia
ugoensis and the other, Ketcia minuta.
The writer thanks to Professors Haru·yoshi FuJJXJoTo and \Vataru ll,\SHJ:\JOTO·of the Institute of Geology and i\Iineralogy, Tokyo University of Education,
for the tendering the seat for carryingout this study. He is also deeply in·debted to the members of the same
Institute for their suggestions throughdiscussions. In conclusion. he expresses
his sincere thanks to Professor lchiro
HAYASAKA of the Shimane Cniversity
for reading manuscript.

Genus Kezcia N•stYA\tA, 1935
f{ezria N lSI K .... 11· A. 1934. ]our. Ceo!. Soc.
Japan. 41. 489. p. 362 (Genus without
species) : 1935. Saito flo-on /{ai Afus. Res.
Bull., no. 5. p. 136 (foot-note) : 1940,
Jubilee Pub/. Commem. Prof. l!. Yabe. pp.
819-821: j. Wyatt DL"RHA\t, 1955. Univ.
Calif. Pub/., Geo!. Sri .. 31. 4. pp. 164-166.
Type species: Swte/la blancoensis KEw,
1920. orig. desig.
This genus is closely related to Echinaradmius, but differs from it by thesupramarginal periproct, more elongate
first pair of post- basicoronal interambulacral plates, and the simple, straight,
and unbranched am bulacral furrows on
oral surface.
Ketcia ugoensis n. sp.
Plate 35, Figures 1. 2: Text-figures 1, 2.

Test very small. subpentagonal in outline. narrowly rounded anteriorly: margins of ambulacra I and V slightly
notched: broadest in the posterior paired
interambulacra. Aboral surface higher
anteriorly: highest at a little distancein front of apical system. being 2.95 mmfrom the anterior edge in the holotype:apical system moderate in size, somewhat'* Received Sept. 11. 1959: read l\1ay 23. 1959.
:307

308

Matsutaro SH! 13AT.4

eccentric anteriorly, situated 3.95 mmfrom the anterior edge in the holotype ;genital pores 4 in number: periproct
supramarginal. in a very shallow groove.
Petals indistinct. extending one-half thelength of radius: odd anterior ambulacral petal shortest. and broadly open at
extremity: paired petals all alike, moreor less closed at distal ends; peripheraledge of test thin and acute.
Oral surface concave; peristome circular, moderate in size. 3.50 mm fromanterior margin. that is. eccentric anteriorly in the holotype : ambulacral
furrows distinct. simple, straight. andunbranched; interambulacral basicoronalplates comparatively large, and are incontact with post·hasicoronal plates ininterambulacra 1. 2, 3 and 4. but widely
separated from post-basicoronal plates
in interambulacrurn 5: 2 or 3 postbasicoronal interambulacral plates to acolumn. One of the most interesting
characters is that the first paired postbasicoronal interam bulacral plates are
more elongated than others.
1

2

type.
Repository :-Holotype Reg. l\o. 6273:.
paratype Reg. No. 6274 of the Instituteof Geology and Mineralogy, Tokyo University of Education.
Locality :-1-Iirasawa. Togamura. l\lina·
miakita-gun, Akita Prefecture.
lforizon :-Nishikurosa\vaformation ..
middle Miocene.
Collector :-Mr. Naoaki Ao1<r.
Affmities :-The present species are·closely related to Ketcia minuta n. sp.
described below but is distinguishedfrom it by the outline of test. broader
first pair of post·basicoronal interambulacral plates and more anterior position of the highest point. Moreover·these specimens appear very much or
closely allied to Ketcia minoensis in its
smaller test, distinctly differing from it·
by its outline and the frontward eccentricity of the highest point. Further.
this species is closely allied to Scap!techinus brevis in the outline of test. but
is distinguished from it by having simple and unbranched ambulacral furrows
on oral surface, and the different arrangement of oral coronal plates.
Ketcia mi1mta n. sp.
Plate 35. Figures 3-9: Text-figures 3, 4.

Diagram showing the arrangementof plates on oral surfal:e
Text-fig. 1. Kezcia ugoensis SHIBATA
Holotype Reg. No. 6273 x3
Text-fig. 2. l\e1t'ia ugoensis SllmATA
Paratype Reg. No. 627·1 x3

Dimensions :-8.5 mm in length, 8.5 mm
in width. 2.1 mm in height. L/W 1.00,
H/L 0.25 in the holotype ; 9.7 mm inlength. 10.0 mm in width, 2.3 mm inheight. L/W 0.97. li/L 0.24 in the para-

Test very small. variable in shape,.
subpentagonal to subcircular, narrowly
rounded anteriorly, rather broadly round-eel posteriorly or very slightly notchedat posterior paired ambulacra, broadest
in interambulacra 1 and 4; highest point.
more commonly corresponds to apical·
system. slightly anterior to apical system, which is situated at about thecenter, or slightly eccentric anteriorly.
Aboral surface moderately inflated ncar
centre: genital pores 4 in number; ambulacral area petaloid; odd petal widelyopens at ambitus. paired petals all alike~387.

Tu.•o New Species of Kewia from japan

somewhat closed at distal ends ; inter·
poriferous area 0.7 mm wide. poriferous
area 0.4 mm wide at the end of the odd
petal; it has about 15 pore-pairs in theholotype : interporiferous area 0.5 mm
wide, poriferous area 0.35 mm at the
middle part of anterior paired petals.
having 15 pore-pairs. that conjugate in
the holotype: periproct supramarginal.
situated 0.4 mm to 0.6 mm from theposterior periphen;. and placed in a very
shallow groove in the paratypes, circular
to elliptical : peripheral edge more orless tumid; petals about one-half to threefifths of radius.
Oral surface nearly flat to slightly
concave, peristome rather large. situatedalmost at the centre: arnbulacral furrows
comparatively distinct. simple. straight.
and unbranched; post-basicoronal plates
in interambulacra l. 2, 3 and 4 in contact
with basicoronal plates. interambulacrum
5 wide! y separated from basicoronalplates in the holotype and some para·
types, interambulacral areas la. lb. 2a.
3b, 4a, and 4b with 3 post-basicoronalplates. areas 2b and 3a with 4 post-basi·
coronal plates, areas 5a and 5b with 2
post·basicoronal plates to a column inthe holotype : post -basicoronal plates ineach interambulacrum in contact withbasicoronal plates. all interambulacral
areas with 2 to 3 post-basicoronal plates
to a column in the parat ype <Text-fig. -L
Reg. No. 7549): post-basicoronal ambula·era! plates on oral surfac~ 3 to 5 to acolumn in the holotype and some para·
types: interambulacral areas one-third
to one-half as wide as ambulacral areasat ambitus, area 5 narrowest in theholotype. and area 1 the narrowest in
the paratype: on oral surface first pairof post·basicoronal plates in all inter·
ambulacral areas very long.
Inner row of pore-pairs diverge near
center and parallel towards extremities,309

outer rows of pore-pairs diverge near
center and converge towards extremities.

4

3

Diagram showing the arrangementof plates on oral surface.
Text-fig. 3. Kezda minuta SHIBATA
Holotype Reg. No. 75·13. x3
Text-fig. 4. Kezcia mim1ta SHIBATA
Paratypc Reg. No. 75·19, x3

Dimensio11s :-(in mm)-s .::: ~ III g :§ I :=:·~

Reg.
No. . ~
~.--

1l

~

I

~olot. 1 !S:~-~l2. 0 .~1. 2
__

i
<lJ

I 7545

0.

cE
g_

7544

I

L.:l

lLl. 8 12. 4 ~ 3. 3I

~ 1. ~

~
1•
J

::r::

1

1. 07 0.26

0. 95 0. 28
11

2. 2!1. oo. o. ~6
1. 7 0. 94 0. -5

75-16

8. : 8. 4
6. I I 7. 1

7547
7548
7549

9. 0 8. 1 2. 0
7. 5 7. 2 2. 0
I 9. 6 ! (J. 4 I 2. 2

11. 11 0. 22
1. 04 0. 27
1. 02 0. 23

Reposifm)' :-Holotype Reg. No. 7543;
paratypes Reg. 1:\os. 7544-7549 of theInstitute of Geology and Mineralogy,
Tokyo University of Education.
Locality:- Kanizawa,
Minanomachi.
Chichibu-gun, Saitama Prefecture.
Horizon :-Sirasu sandstone, Ec!rinaraclmius· Turritella zone, Ushikubitoge formation, Hikokubo group, Oligo-Miocene.
Collector :-Dr. Saburo KAN:"o.
Affinities:- The present species is very
closely related to K. minoensis, but differs from the latter by being longer thanwide, the periproct being placed in a.:310

Matsutaro SHIJJATA

very shallow groove, the highest point_almost corresponding to apical system.
This species is also related to 1\. panvr,
but differs by being longer than wide.
the periproct lying nearer to the posterior edge of test, and in point of outline of the test.
Kewia minuta has been called .. ophiuroidea" because they have been always
found in vertical or horizontal sections.
but no body has e\·er found their arms.
In all the three specimens interambulacral basicoronal plates are in contact
with post-basicoronal interambulacral
plates. This fact shows that this is oneof the most primitive species of thegenus.
Conclusive :-In Japan. the following
species are referred to this genus ; that
is, Ketcia nipponica (NAGAo. 1928) fromthe Yamaga beds of the Ashiya groupof Kyushu. Kezcia parw :\I SlY A\IA. 19,10
from the Sirahimeyama sandstone bedsof south Saghalien, Kewia e!Oit!mla NJsiYA:\IA. 1940 from sandstone beds near
Tyagama-zawa of south Saghalien. Kelf'ia
minomsis (l\loRISHITA, 1955) from the
middle ~liocence of Nagano. Gifu. Kyoto.
Nara, and Yamaguchi Prefectures. Kewia
ugoensis n. sp. SumATA from the ~ishi­
kurosawa formation of Oga Peninsula.

.Akita Prefecture. Kewia minuta n. sp.
Sn!IIAT" from the Sirasu sandstone of
the Ushikubitogc formation of the Ilikokubo group, Saitama Prefecture.
References cited

DL'RIIA:\1, J. W.

(1955), Classification of
Clypeasteroid Echinoids, Uuic·. Calif. Pub/.,
Geo/. Sci .. c•of. 31. 110. 4. pp. 73-198.
KAI'::-.10. S. (1958).
Palaeogene !1.-Iegafossil
Zones in the Chichibu Basin, Saitama
Prefecture, Japan. Jubilee Pub/. Comnum1.
Prof. H. Fujimoto. pp. 304-311.
MORJSI!lTA, A. (1953), On Some Neogene
Echinoids from Nagano Prefecture. Japan,
Jliem. Coli. Sci .. Unic•. Kyoto. Ser. B. l'Ol. 20,110. 4, pp. 217-226.
- - (195.!). Tertiary Echinoids from theEnvirons of the Ise·Bay. Jlrwz. Coil. Sci ..
U11i1J. l(voto. Ser. B. rol. 21. no. 2. pp.
223-230.
- - (1955). Notes on Echinaradmius in Japan,
c1lem. Col/. Sci .. Unit•. Kyoto. Ser. B. rol. 22.
/10. 2, pp. 223-236.
XISIY,\:\IA. S. (l!l34). Reconsideration of
Fossil Clypeastrina from Japan.] our. Ceo/.
Soc. japan. c•ol. 41. 110. ·189. pp. 361-36-1.
- - (1935), On Some Fossil Echinoids from
Northeastern Japan. Saito Ho·mc Kai ..Hus.,
Res. Bull, no. 5. pp. 131-172.
(1940). On the japanese species of
Echinaraclmius. f ubilee Pub/. Commem. Prof.
/J. Yabe's 60th Birthday. pp. 803-862.

Explanation of Plate 35
Fig. 1. Ketda ugoensis SHIRA TA Holotypc I~eg. No. 6273. x3. a : aboral view: b: side view ; c:oral view (polished). showing the arrangement of plates.
Fig. 2. Ditto Paratype Reg. No. G2H. x3. a: aboral view; b: side view; c: oral view; (polished), showing the arrangement of plates.
Fig. 3. Kewia minuta SHJB... TA Holotype Reg. No. 7543. x3. a: aboral view; b: side view;c: oral view (polished), showing the arrangement of plates.
Fig. 4. Ditto Paratype Reg. No. 75H. X3. a: aboral view; b: side view: c: oral \·icw (polished).
Fig. 5. Ditto Reg. No. 7545. x3. a: aboral view; b: side view: c: oral \·iew (polished).
Fig. 6. Ditto Reg . .No. 7546. x3. a: aboral dew: b: side view; c: oral view (polished).
fig. 7. Ditto Reg. No. 75·11. x3. a: aboral view; b: side view; c: oral view (polished). showing the mode of the ambu !acral furrows.
Fig. 8. Ditto Reg. No. 7548, x3. a: aboral view: b: side view; c: oral view (polished).
Fig. 9. Ditto Reg. No. 7549, x3. a: aboral view; b: side view; c: oral view (polished), showing the arrangement of plates.

SHIBATA: Two New Species of Kewia from Japan

la

lb

lc

2a

5a

Plate 35

Sa

6a

6b

7a

5b

7b

8b

5c

7c

8c

Gc

9a

4a

3a

9b

2b

3b
4b

2c

S. A OJ<r photo

9c

3c

4c

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. N. S .. No. 39, pp. 311-320, pl. 36, 1960~~X8.

RESTUDY OF VERBEEKINA SPHAER.4. OZAWA*
T0;\10MITSU SUGI
Department of Geology, Kyushu University

Vl'riJcekina sphaera OZAWA i:."?t ·"LQ).JIJ~M:~.!j!.IJJ~'*-.iftT!r;r('{;·. Called/ilia
11ippo11im zone .t 'Ji!i'tLt-: Ferbeekiua spiUJera OzAwA t:."?t•"({if*· flliQ)'i£~n···PIJ.ll!«"e<t; 1J. ~&Vn·t-=:, !f)i~:l..l.~Q)~Q)l:."?~·"L~~t.~:tctt~Lt-:. ~l?:.::.l•,'lN\:1 Verbeekilw ~*"ei& \, ~ilfU'I':Jt.~:m~~.:Ct.~: ;:{. <::,; IJ. TJ>"? Mise!/ina ~ : M. daudiae (DE PRA T)
c#l'~i.::ili;~t.J:[MJ{,fitJ:<t;IJ. jQ-i:'l?( Verbeekina i\ll .l1ise/lina ~tl-t>m:IC:L<:*t-::\,Q)-es~?.

~~~

Introduction

Acknowl£dgonents

The late Dr. OzAwA was the first who<dealt with fusulinids of the JapaneseIslands in a systematic way. He establi·shed a number of species of fusulinid
from Akiyoshi (1925) and Akasaka (1927),
most of which, however, needs restudy·on their specific diagnosis, systematic
position and stratigraphic distribution
under the light of our present knowledge.
Being the most primitive form of thegenus l'erbeekina, Verbeellina splwera
OzAWA bears an important significancein consideration on the phylogeny of
the genus and the related ones. As aresult of my study, however, it has beenclarified that Verbeekina sp!wera o~A\\'A
hitherto studied was heterogeneous in
origin including some forms whichshould at present be separated as somedistinct species. To define the species
more exactly detailed description of thespecies is given here and the systematic
significance is also remarked.

I wish to express my sincere thanks
to Professor R. ToRtYAMA of Kyushu
University for his continuous guidance
during the study of the fusulinid fossils
and for his kindness of reading over mymanuscript, and to Assistant Professor
K. KANl\tERA of the same University forthe opportunity to study his collection,
for his kind guidance and encouragement through this study and for hiskindness of reading over my manuscript.
I also wish to express my thanks toProfessor T. KonAYASIIt of the lJniYersity of Tokyo for giving me the opportunity to examine the OzAwA's collection.

* Receivl'd Sept. 30. 1959: read Sept. 28,
1957.

:311

Previous Study

In 1925 Oz .... ,n set up Verbeekina verbeeki sp!wera as a smaller variety of V.
oerbeeki (GEtl'tTz) based on the specimensfrom Kaerimizu of Akiyoshi, Japan. but
he gave only a brief account on thisform (p. 51) with an illustration comprising incomplete figures of sagittal

Tomomitsu SUGI
and a tangential section (Pl. X. f1g. 3b).
At that time he referred it to the form
described by DEPRAT as Sr!uragerina
rerbeelli from Yunnan. South China (1912.
p. 40. Pl. I. figs. 7-111. Lang-Kac andCammon. Indochina 11913. p. 471 andAkasaka. Japan (1914. p. 19. 20. Pl· II.
figs. 5-i). Later he supplemented several
ill-oriented specimens from Akasaka(1927. Pi. XXXV. tig. lOb: Pl. XLIV. fig.

6b). In the meantime he (1925. 1927)
considered DEPRAT's V. dourillei (1912)
and V Pseudoverbeeki (1913) as being
synonymous with V. verbeelli (GEI:"itTz).
and designated them V. z•erbeeki l'erbeeki.
In short he classified the species of thegenus Verbeekina known up to that time
into two forms. the larger one- 1·.
l'erbeeki t-•erbeeki and the smaller oneV. verbeeki sphaera. and considered theformer to be a mutation of the latter(1927).

A little earlier than the Oz . . . wA's
publication YABE (in HA YASAt<A. 1924, p.
15) distinguished DEPRAT's V !Jerbee/zi
of 1912 from Yunnan as a distinct species and named v: deprati. Furthermore
TttoMPsox (1936. p. 195) distinguished
DEPRAT's Y. verbeeki of 1914 from Akasaka from OzAwA's l'. verbeeki sp!taera
and the other known species of thegenus. and proposed the name V. akasakensis for it. Moreover, he set up the
specific name V. sPhaera for OzAwA's F.
z•erbeeki sPizaera.
Afterwards. CHEN (195!)) reported two
specimens from the Maok'ou limestone.
Southwestern China. as Verbeekina l'erbeeki sphaera. However. Judging from
CHEN's description and illustration. his
specimens differ from V. splwera inseveral points. Therefore. I am rather
inclined to regard the CHE~·s species asa new species in the present state of
my knowledge.
KAN:,JERA (1956) found the specimens

referable to V. sphaera from the Kuma·
massif. Southwest Japan. which. however. have not been reported as V. sphaera.
but as V. .. sp/urera" because of the ambiguity of the specific definition.
Having studied the OzAw . . . ·s specimens
and KA:--.:~tERA's supplemented ones from
Akasaka as well as the KANMERA's
materials from the Kuma massif, I havecome to the conclusion that the species
under consideration is clearly different
from the other known species of thegenus Verbeekina in the characters discussed below, and that it deserves therank as an independent species.

Reexamination of theOriginal Specimens

Through the courtesy of Prof. T.
KorlAYASIIt of the University of Tokyo,
T have been able to reexamine the OzAwA's collection from Akiyoshi and the
supplemented one from Akasaka. As aresult of the study. it has been clarified
that the specimens assigned to V. sP!zaemby OzAwA from those localities include
at least three distinct forms whichshould be discriminated one another.
The thin-section of the OZAwA's
original specimen from Akiyoshi \vhich'vas illustrated as V: sphaera (Pl. X. P51, fig. 3b) has unfortunately been lost.
and moreover I have not been able tofind any other conspecific specimens ofthat form in his collection. Such being
the case. the loss of the original specimen and the incompleteness of theoriginal illustration and description makeus unable to reexamine the charactersof the original specimen nor compare itwith the form which was supplemented
later from Akasaka for the sake ofcompleteness. In spite of the OzAwA's.
mention that V. sp!Jaera was found ab-

388.

Restudy of Verbeekina sjJ/zaera OZ:ITV.-1·undantly at Kaerimizu of Akiyoshi. all
his specimens belonged to the genus
Verbeekina from that locality have been·described. illustrated and labeled as V.
verbeeki.

According to ToRJYA:'IIA's recent study(1958). the specimens of Verbeekina obtained at Kaerimizu are all referable toV. verbeeki (GEJ:"ITz) which is. as statedby OzAwA. associated there with.'3clnmgerina japoniw ((;u~mEL), Neoschwagerina craticulifera (ScHwAGER) and
Pseudodolio!ina lepida (ScHWAGER). Under

these circumstances. judging fromOzAwA's illustration and description on
the Akiyoshi specimen. it is most probable that the original specimen isimmature form of V. verbeeki (GEJNITz).
Verbeekina sphaera from Akasaka comprises two distinct forms, the larger
and the smaller one. both of which·seem to be different from Akiyoshi
specimen. The smaller form is represented in the OzAwA's illustrations as
figure JOb of PI. XXXV, tig. 6g of l'l.
XXXVII. figs. 14 and 16a of Pl. XXXVIII
and fig. llb of Pl. XV. The larger
form is similar to the smaller one inhaving a long axis of coiling but can·easily be distinguished by its larger·shell. more numerous volutions. less·developed and less massive parachomata
and thinner spirotheca for the size ofthe shell than those of the smaller form.
Furthermore the larger form occurs in
the upper stratigraphic horizon than thesmaller one, being associated with themore advanced fusulinid species as mentioned below. 0\ving to the insufficiency.of the original material the larger form
can not be exactly identified with the
known species, but it is allied to V.
akasakensis TIIO!\!Pso:x more closely than:any other known forms in having along axis of coiling and a thin spirotheca.
1n short V. !!Pitae.ra from Akasaka origin·:ll3

ally includes two distinct forms, both ofwhich differ from Akiyoshi specimens.
At any rate. since OzAwA's original
specimen of V. splwem. which was represented by an incomplete sagittal
section of immature specimen, has mysteriously been lost, it is inappropriate
to regard it as the type of v·. spjwem.
Accordingly V. sPhaera should be basedon only the specimens supplemented
from Akasaka. and its type should bechosen among them.
However. as
already mentioned. V sp/iaera from Akasaka involves two different forms. ofwhich the larger form is associatedwith Neoscluragerilla aaticulifera (ScHWAGER).
while the smaller one with
Xeoscluragerina simplex OzAwA and Cancelliua nippouica OzAwA. The assemblage
stated by OzAWA as that of V sp/wera
is the latter. Therefore the type of V.
sphaem should be chosen from the specimens of the smaller form. Accordingly I am regarding the axial section of
the figure Hi on OxAwA's plate XXX\' Ill
as the lectotype of V..~phaera. and its
specific diagnosis is defined as describedin the following pages.
This species is of a special interest in
being not only of morphologically anintermediate fom1 between l\Jisellitw and
Verbeel~ina but also. in so far as known
up to present. of stratigraphically theearliest occurrence of the Verheehiw in
the Japanese Islands. The following
description is based on the material collected by K. KAN~JERA from the Akasaka limestone in addition to the 0BwA·s
original material.
Description of Species

Verbeekina sPhaera OzAw.>.. 19~5
Plate 36, Figures 1-20.

The shell is exceedingly small in thegenus, subspherical to ellipsoidal with

31J

Tonwmitsu SUGI

umbilicate polar regions. attaining eight
to ten volutions in mature specimens.
In many specimens the shell coils planispirally with a straight axis of coiling,but in other the first volution coils atlarge angles to the axis of the outer\'olutions. The shell is 2.23 mm longand 1.95 mm wide in average of ninespecimens of eight volutions. giving
form ratio of l.lli. The first volution
is discoidal, and the following two or
three volutions are ellipsoidal with shortaxis of coiling. From the third or
fourth volution to maturity, the shell
assumes nearly spherical shape and extends gradually the axis of coiling.
Average form ratios in thirteen specimens are .69, .81..95, 1.08, 1.13, 1.14, 1.11
and 1.16, respectively for the tirst to
eighth volution.
The proloculus is relatively large.
spherical to subspherical. and its outside
diameter averages 76 microns long and64 microns wide for the twenty specimens. The shell expands uniformly
throughout the growth. Average heightof volution in twenty-four specimens is
49. 60. 83, 114, 15~. 170, 195, 207 and 21()· microns, respectively for the first to
ninth volution.
The spirotheca is thin in inner one or
one and a half volutions, consisting of
only a dense layer. tectum. Beyond thesecond volution. it becomes to be composed of a thin tectum. rather thickclear central layer. alveolar keriotheca,
and a lower very thin dense layer. perhaps secondary calcite deposits. In theclear central layer of spirot heca tine parallel dark lines are seen from the top tobase of keriotheca and do not branch off
toward the tectum. The upper surfaceof spirotheca is partly coated with a
discontinuous layer of dense material
which seems to be continuous with theparachomata.
Average thickness of

spirotheca mEasured at the center of theshell is 6, 12, 23, 28, 30. 3l. 30, and 31
microns, respectively for the first to
eighth volution of twenty-four speci-·mens.
The septa are somewhat thicker than
the spirotheca. composed of a downward.
deflection of tectum and anterior andposterior downward extensions of the
keriotheca. The septa are almost planeand un!luted throughout the length oL
shell, extending forward to meet spirotheca of the preceeding volution at anangle of about 75 to 80 degrees in thefifth volution. The edge of the septa,
however, is coated with the deposits ofdense materials which seem to be con-·tinuous with the parachomata. The
average septal count in the first to ninth
volution of thirteen specimens is 5-6,.
8-9, 10-11, 11-12, 13-14, 15-16. 16-17, 18HJ, and 21, respectively for the first to.
ninth volution.
Foramina are circular to elliptical im
cross-section. In a typical specimen theyare ~. 3. 1. 7, 8 and 3, respectively forthe third to eighth volution.
Parachomata considerably well develop·
in the third to the outermost volution,.
where they are massive, rather highand broad, but in the inner two volu-·
tions they do not occur or are rudi-mentary if present. The parachomata
in the third to eighth volution of a.
typical specimen are one-third as higlL
as chambers. Average number of parachomata in thirteen specimens is 3-4, 56, 7-8, 10-11, 12-13, 11-12, and 12. respectively for the third to ninth volu-·
t ion. The parachomata are continuous·across one chamberlet and moreover
extend completely across the following
chamber.
Remarks:- Verbeellina sphaera is thesmallest among the species of the genus:
Verbeellina hitherto described .. although.

Measurement of Verbeekina sphaera OZAWA

No.

2
3

4
5
6
7

8
9

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
2IJ

:.n
:!2

23
24

Number
Diamet;rsl
ofSection °~ fifhre Length
Width Ratio Prolocu·
Number P 1h11o.
t e (in mm.) (in mm.)Ius (in 1
no.
1
mi_crons)
Plate
IJ. 15
1. 02
2.-18
2. 31
As 57-11
I. 7
.
_,
0.14
57-71
I
2.38
3.
OJ
-61
2. 6
}.
c!)
.0.
18
1.22
52-71
1.
76
-46
·I
0.
09
1.
I
0
57-71
1.
99
1.
79
-31
5
62 .. 71o. 16
1. !13
1. 15
2. 10
-20
8
0.
11
1.
16
2.
16
2.49
-47A
9
I
0.
21
84-98
1.
69
1.
13
1. 92
-29
10
0. 11
l. 21
57-67
2. 09
2. 5~
-39!\
0.16
1.11
76-78
2.30
2. li7
-4!1
0. 18
56
1. 90
l. \l\1
1' 04
-Gtl
0. 15
71-7G
1.
1
:l
1.
lill
2. II
-2
0.13
2.
3!)
2.30
1.16
-35
0. 17
1.16
1. 95
71
2. 25
-:l9B
0. 15
59-71
2.27
3, Hi
-47B
0.19
68
2.62
-59
13
0. 14
63-73
2. ·l:l-27
1-1
58-126
0. 27
1. 77
-23
Hi
0.
27
73-90
2. 5·1
-~8
17
0.
1~
58-78
1. 5·1
-64
0.
25
2. 27
-2-1
0. 08
48-53
2. 31
-:.~5
0.20
~.62
··48:\
0. 15
78-88
2.27
-65
0. 22
73
1.
77
-26

Ozawa's
specimen
26 Ozawa's.
spec1men
25

.,~

2.90

2.81

I. 03

70-84

Rate of Growth (in mm.)
2

3

4

0. 28

0. 46

0. 70

0. 22

0. 34

0. 50

0. 29
0. 21

0. 43
0. :H

0 71
0. 50

9

10

(j

7

8

I. 04

l. 3~1

I. 81

2. 26

2. 4S(l:l~vol.)

0. 81

I. 11

1. fi(JI. 9·1

2. 38

I. 02

I. 44

l. 6·1(6!\'ol.)

0. 79

1. 05

1. ·16
1. s:l

5

c...,
Oo
Oo

1. 79

o. 2s o. ·13 o. 69

1. o9

1. ·Hi

0. 25
0. 34
0. 21

0. 39
0. 46
0. 35

0. 52
0. 7J
0. 52

0. 88
0. 99
ll. 7-1

1. OS I. 58
1. 33 I. (i\lI. 0 1 I. :l6

I. 76

2. 16

~

I. 55

2. 09

%

0. 26
(J. 29
0. 28
0.22

~41

0.95
0. 81
II. \1.1
0.87

I. ~9
l. I 3

I. !II
I. ·17~ 30

0. :190.. fli
0.39

0.65
0. 51
II. G!i
0.56

0. 28
0. 27
0. 31

0. 42
0. 45
0. 56

0. 60
0. 67
0. 83

0. 85
0. 9:l
1. Hl

!. ]9

1. 95

1. li2]. 5/ll. li92. 12

2. J.1
2. 58

2. 27 (8!,vol.)2. 6:.!(/i.}vol.)

0. 23

0. 39

0. 58

0. l:l:l

). 17

1. 58

2. 04

2. 43

0. 44
u. 35

0. 69
0. 48

1. 00
0. 69

1. 39
0. 99

1. 77

~

I. 71

~. )(j:.!. 540

0. 21
0. ·12
0. 15
0.37

0. 32
0. 59
0. 27
0.54

U. II
0. iiO
0. 12
0.81

0. 63
l. 25
0. 611
1.11

0.!15
I. 6fill. 781.39

l. :l:!

1.:!1
I. 30

I. :ll

1. \10 2. 2t(8~vol.)1. liO I. 81 (7 t \'OJ.)
1.62 2.07 2.3U(8~vol.)l. ~I

I. 5~(7~vol.)2. 0·1

2. 27 (7 ~ vo l.)l. 57 l. 96 2. 31 (9~vol.)l. Iii

1.S3

~-2~

2.62

0. 31 U. 46 0. W l. 0·1 1. :m
0. 38 0. 54 0. 76 I. 07 l. 36

l. 77

2. 23

2. 27{8!vol.)I. 75

I. 77(7~vol.)0. 25

0. ,12

0. 65

). 01

l. 43

). 89

2. 3·1

2. 81

0.20

0.43

0.73

1.13

1.57

2. 07

~
:'::!

~

~

~

r-

~
;;:::..

~

~

~

2. 07

.......

c.~•-Section
number
As 57-11-61

Height of Volulion (in 1~1icrons)
1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

--~~
10

56 9S 140 182 175 224 224 -- -38-·16162
-31
38
-20
52
-47 A --29
48
-39ft 52
-48 46I

1For-~1 Ralio of Vo_I_u_ti_on_ _ __

2

3

6

7

8

9

10

i-. 73~5 . 94 .9S 1. 00 1. 02 1. 02 1. 02

1

62
. !ii
. 59

. 81
. SO
. 75

<!!II

56

76 112 1-10 15·1 210 :.no

. 7!l

. !l5

-·171
-5!}
-27

4~J

56 76 107 171 l-19 200 234
78 S1 110 161 190 22·1 2-14 224
37 44 i9 102 146 185 200 239 239

-23
-28

63 76 99 149 1S1 198 -- -- -- 51 55 73 90 185 132 188 207 197-(i-t

34 54 63

6:!

. 86 . 99 1. -13 1. 20 1. 06 1. 0,1. 95 1. 03 I. 01 l. 02 1. 13. 82 1. 05 1. 02 1. 25 1. 15 1. Hi. 79 1. 07 I. 1. 7 1. 08 1. 0 1 1. 16

85 1 07 127 1·16 2·12 --70 105 168 210 251 266

5 12 26 28 42 70 32 36 28 -5 12 2S 42 46 ·12 -- -- -- -5 1 o 14 20 z,t zo 29 21 -- -5 15 24 29 23 2S l~J -- -- -5 10 17 19 23 19 19 24 29 -5 14 16 19 u 2:1 19 -- -- 5 12 29 19 21 17 24 19 21 -5 8 29 39 49 54 51 .j 1 -- -7 14 29 49 56 28 28 28 - -5 12 24 38 29 24 19 -- -- -7 10 2c1 24 28 28 35 32 -- -(j--79 151 146 181 200 205 -- -:19 ·18 69 Sli 119 115 106 21l 215
88 88 127 l61i lliG 200 210 2~055 88 1:10 I@ 1!!5 205 21 ()59 78 85 112 171 166 166-- 112 140 180 217 238 252 238-- -- !

- -I

I

-

. 70

. 83

. 97 1. 00 I. 00. !)~)---- --~

I. 01 l. 03C)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

10 24 14 :2-1 l!l ]!j l\1 -- -7 15 22 28 31 27 21i 2!J -- 10 17 33 44 44 59 78 19 -- I

c.:>
,__..

5 10 24 28 29 23 42 33 -- --76 90 168 15,1 210 203 224-- 57 64 98 140 182 196 210
62 67 90 109 157 169 190 --- 52 104 10H 143 182 224 231

-25
-50
37

5

-- , . 50 . 60 . 82 1. 00 1. IS 1. OS 1. 12 1. 36 I. 13 -.70 1. 00 1.13 1.17 1.13 1.22
62 77 154 168 210 -- 48 70 98 140 112 182 182 -. 79 .82 .85 I. 16 I. 15 1.19 1.11 1.10
71 100 143 180 1SO 20~) -- -.90 .S5 1. 00 1. 04 1. 03 1.13 1.15
62 67 100 128 l-15 15S 195 242. so . 8/l l. 25 1. 33 I. 17 l. 35 1. 05 1. 20 1. 16 -67 i1 109 1·17 185 157 -- .so .SS 1. 03 1. OS 1.14 I. 09 1.13
52 i l 95 124 162 190 166 176 -- ~ . 59 . 80 . 93 1. 08 l. 08 l. 14 1. 14 1. 36 1. 21 -- '49 83 132 142 210 234 259. 52 . 54 . 92 1. 06 1. 19 I. 05 1. 18 1. 11 -- -48

-66
- 2
-:{;;

·2·1
-25
18A
(i5
26
Ozawa's
spcci men
Ozawa's
specimen

4

Thickness ofS];it:othcca=(in microns)--

6

8 20 20 24 37 .to ·H 49 -12 29 u 34 38 41 -- -- -- -5 7 15 24 20 33 21 41 35 -5 10 17 20 17 15 15 24----- 20 29 39 38 39 29 -- -- 5 6 12 15 15 17 17 17 27 25-- 15 20 u 20 :!0 33 3:l 27 -5 1o 21 29 39 33 36 2,1 -· -·5 12 24 24 22 24 29 -- -- -9 21 18 2S 28 42 35 28 -- ---- --11~ 19

33 52 52

52-----~·-=-

~

~

~
:::!
{/)
("'<

C'i
.....

388.

Restudy of Verbeekina splzaera OZAWA

Septal countSectionnumber

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Count of parachomata

I_
8

9

10

I1 2 3

As 57-11

4

-61
-46
-31

4

4

-39A:

2
3
4
3
3

!

4

-20
-47At
I

-29
·-18

I

-66

..

-35
-39B!
-478
-27
-23
28

3
6 10 12 12
6 9 10 10
6 8 10 12
5 9 10 11
6 9 10 12

-64

6

-24

6 10 11
4 6 107 8 126 9 10
6 10

-59

-25
-48A,
-65
-26

1

Ozawa·s
specimen
Ozawa's
specimen

1,1 18
13 14
15 13
13 15
12 15

5 10 13 14 16
12 15 18
10 1,1 14
12 18 19
11 ll 14
11 13 13i

8

9

6 9 11 16
5 5 9 126 10 145 7 10 1S
5 9 12 16
7 9 11 14
6 9 10 10
7 10 136
6 8 10 11

18
12

"'I

4

6

5

3

3

s

2

4
3

9

6

8

9 13
7 10 10
9 10 12

5

7

9

7

1(1

10

8

13 14
12 18

u
13
1-1

9

9
8

20 25
16 18
14 17 2318
16 18 19
16- 1417 1618
16 21 20
18 19 22
17 15
15
3

4

3

;JJ7

8 10 12 13 16-------

it shows a considerable variation in expansion of whorls and thickness of spirotheca within individuals.
It closely resembles V. grabaui THor-.tPsol': and Fos-rER from the Yanghsi limestone of the l'vlt. Omei region. China inregards to the size and rate of expansionof the shell in the first eight volutions.
but the former apparently differs fromthe latter which has more numerous
volutions at maturity. less elliptical-

13 17 20--------------

shape, much thinner spirotheca. smaller
proloculus. more rapid expansion andfewer septa for the corresponding volutions. The parachomata of v. splwera
are essentially well developed and extend
completely across the chambers except
the inner one or t\VO volutions. On thecontrary, those of V. grabaui do not extend completely across the chamber
except the outer two to three volutionsof mature shell.

:nsTomomitsu SUGI

V: minor C;-.;E:-~ from the Chihsia lime·stone. China is somewhat similar to thisspecies. The detailed comparison bet·
ween them is very difiicult. because his
species is based on only a tangential
section. V. minor. however. is more
spherical in shape, and perhaps smaller
for the corresponding volutions. and hasmuch thinner spirotheca than V. splwera.
The parachomata of V. minor are ap·
parently not developed as in the present
species.
V. akasal~ensis T11o~1 PsoN is allied tothe present species in general shape,from which the former is distinguishedby its larger and more rapidly expanding shell, more numerous volutions inmaturity, more poorly developed para·chomata in th~ inner volutions. thinnerspirotheca and smaller proloculus.
V. crassispira CHE:-: from the MaoK'ou
limestone, Southwestern China is somewhat similar to the present species ingeneral shape. However, 1/. sphaera
apparently differs from V. crassisjJira
which has larger shell, more numerous
volutions at maturity. more ellipticalshape, thinner spirotheca. and more poorly developed parachomata.
As pointed out by Tum11;so:--.: 11948;.
Verbeekitta most closely resembles Emler. beekina from which the former might
have been derived. The major differences are the singular tunnel in the
inner volutions, the more nearly dis·coidal inner volutions. and the indistinct
parachomata of Eoverbeekina. The shellof the latter is generally replaced bysecondary mineralization.
Eoverbeekina cheni Tuo~IPSOi" andFosTER somewhat resembles the species
under consideration in general shape.
but the former can easily be distinguished from the latter in haYing low andnarrow tunnel in the outer volutions,absence or very rudimentary chomata orparachomata, and the replacing of shellwith mineralization.
KociiA:-<SKY-DI"'IDI~ (1955) proposed thegenus Kahlerina [type species: K.. pacliytlieca] from Bled and Bohinjska, Yugoslavia. He pointed out that 1\ahlerina is
the most primitive genus in the subfamily Verbeekininae, having small shell ..
chomata. tunnel and more poorly developed parachomata. 1\.a/ilerina is slightly
similar to Verbeekina. However, theformer has smaller shell and fewer
volutions at maturity. ln the latterforamina occur throughout the shell,.
the parachomata are more distinct andthe tunnel and chomata are absent.
I\. pacliyt/Jeca has a similar characterto the general shape of the inner volut ions of V. sphaera. However, K pacliy·
theca apparently differs from V. spliaera
which has more numerous volutions atmaturity, less rapid expansion and larger
form ratios for the corresponding volutions. The former has broad and low
tunnel and more or less developed
chomata, whereas the latter has neither
tunnel nor chomata. but well developed
parachomata.
Para1•erbeekina M.-MACLA Y resembles.
Verbeekina closelr in size, developmentof parachomata and foramina and spirothecal structure. The major distinction is more inflated fusiform to ellip·
soidal shape of the shell in the former.
Paraverbeekina pontica 1\.J.-MAcLAY
form Crimea. Southern Russia is allied
to the present species in general shape.
His description is so brief that it is very
difficult to compare the former with the·latter. P. pontica, however. has larger
shell. more elliptical shape, more numerous volutions at maturity, lower andmore poorly developed parachomata andthinner spirotheca for the corresponding
volutions than V spliaera.
Mise/tina closely resembles Verbeekina·

SUGI:

Verbeekina sPhaera
Plate 36

•

'

' 8
~

11

~

~12

~IS
~

388.

Restudy of Verbeekina sphaera OZAW.-1

in shape, development of foramina andparachomata. and spirothecal structure.
The important differences are: thesmaller size of the shell, larger form
ratios for the corresponding volutions.
higher and more numerous parachomata,thicker spirotheca. and the attitude of
the septa in Misellina.
Misellina claudiae (DEPR.\T) is similar
to the present species in general shapeand exceeding well developed parachomata. But the former has smaller
shell and thinner spirotheca for thecorresponding volutions. V. sp!wera hasslightly more rapidly expanc'ing shell.
fewer septa. more poorly developed
parachomata and rather smaller proloculus than lf. claudiae.
As described above and illustrated.
some specimens of the present species
have rather thick spirotheca and welldeveloped parachomata. In these respects it somewhat resembles JH. daudiae(DEPRAT). but has larger shell, less developed parachomala and smaller proloculus.
Locality and Occurrence :-In Akasaka
limestone Verbeekina spliaem OzA" A isconsiderably abundant in OzAII .-\'s Nnzone. OzAwA's original specimen fromthat zone and KA?'MERA·s supplemental
ones from the same zone are asscciatedwith Cancel/ina nipponica (0zA\\A), Neoscluuagerina simplex OzAwA. Scliwageriuajaponica (GUMBEL). S. ct. subobsoleta(OzA ,,. A), Pseudofusulina grammz·m•enae(RoE~!ER),
Neofusu!inella p/zairayensis
CotA?'I, N. sp .. Toriyamaia sp. and 1'.1inojapanelfa sp.
Heference
CHE!\. S. (1934). Fusulinidae of South China.
Part l. Palaeontologia Sinica. ser. B. z•ol.
4, fasc. 2, pp. 1-185, pis. 1-16.
- - (1956). Fusulinidac of South China, Part
I I. Ibid .. new ser. B. no. 6. pp. 17-71, pis.

319··

1-14.
CooGA:-;, A. H. (1958). Russian fusulinid:
genera. ]our. Paleont., z•ol. 32, no. 2, pp.
304-311. 2 text-figs.
OEPRAT. }. (1912). Etude des fusulinides de·Chine et d'Indochine et dassification descalcaires a fusulines. Indochi11e service·
Ceo!..Mtim .. t•o/. 1. fasc. 1, pp. 1-191. pis.
1-29.
- - (191:3). Etude des Fusulinides de Chine·
et d'lndochine et classification des cal·caires (II' Mcmoirc). Les du Fusulini·db des calcaires carbonifericns et permiens du Tonkin. du Laos et du :1\ordAnnam. Ibid. mi. 2. fasc. 1. pp. 1-74 ..
pis. 1-10.
- - (1914). Etude des fusulinides du Japan.
de Chine et d'lndochine et classilication
des calcatres fusulines (Ill' Memoire).
Etude comparati\·e des Fusulinides
d'Akasaka (Japon) et de,.; fusulinides deChine et d'lndochinc. Ibid .. t!()/. 3. fasc.
1. pp. 1-45. pls. 1 8.
II.-\ YASAKA. I. (1924). On the fauna of the·Anthracolithic limestone of Omi·mura.
in the western part of Echigo. Sci. Rep ..
Tohoku Imp. Uniz· .. ser. 2. vo/. 8. pp. 183. pis. 1-7.
K.-\>:~IERA. K. (1956). Toriyamaia.
A newPermian fm;ulinid genus from the Kuma
Massif. Eyushu. Japan.
Trans. Proc.
Palaeont. Soc. Japan. :V. S., no. 24, pp. 251257. pl. 36.
- - (1957). Revised dassification of Callcellina and Neoschwageriua and Evolutionof Sumatrininae and Ncoschwagerininae.
Mem. Fac. Sci .. Kyttslm Uniz·.. ser. D. t•ol.
6. no. 1. pp. 1-64. 2 pls.
KociiA>:SKY-DEvmE in RA~Jovs. A. (1955).
Neoschwagcrinski skladi in njih fuzuli·
nidna favna pri Bohinjski Beli in Bledu.
RazprmJe Slot.•. akad. Zl/(111. Umet.. razr.
4. knj. 3. pp. 361-424. 8 pis.
OZAWA, Y. (1925a). On the classification of
Fusulinidae. jour. Coli. Sci.. Imp. U11iv.
Tokyo. vo/. 45. art. 4. pp. 1-26. pls. 1-4.
- - (1925b), Paleontological and stratigraphical studies on the Permo-Carboniferous limestone of Nagata. Part II. Ibid.,.
z·ol. 4/). art. 6, pp. 1-90. pls. 1-U.

a

Tomomitsu SUGI

:320

(1927). Stratigraphical studies of the·Fusulina limestone of Akasaka. Province
of :\lino.
jour. Fac. Sci., Imp. Uniz·.
Tokyo, sec. II, part 3, pp. 121-164, pis. 3445.
TIIO>.!PS0:-1, M. L. (1935), The fusulinid genus
Ferbeekina. ]our. Palaeo1zt. vol. 10, pp.
193-201. pl. 2:1.
- - (1948), Studies of American fusulinich;.
Vnit·. Kansas. Palaeont. Co11tr., Protozoa,

art. 1, pp. 1-184, pis. 1-38.
- - and FoSTER. C. L. (1937). Middle Per·
mian Fusulinids from Szechuan. China.
]our. Palaeout. vol. 11, pp. 126-144. pis.
23-25.
ToRJYA:\IA. R. (1958), Geology of Akiyoshi.
Part III. Fusulinids of Akiyoshi. Mem.
Fac. Sci., I(vushu Uuiz·.. ser. D. t•ol. 7.
1-264, text-figs. l. 2. pls. 1-48, 2
charts.
pp.

Explanation of Plate 36
Verbeekina sp!u:era OzA \\.A
Figures 1-3 are x20, and others x 10.
Figm·es 2, 4. 5, 6. 8, 10, axial sections:
1, 7, 9, nearly centered axial sections;11, 12. tangential sections:13-17, sagittal sections:
6. 7. 16, the same specimens as figures 2, 1, 3, respccti\·ely.
All specimens are from the Cmzcelfi11a uippmzica zone of the Akasaka limestone.
Photos by K. KA:"~!Et{A and T. SuGt

Trans. Proc. Palaconl. Soc. Japan, N. S .. No. 39, pp. 3~1 ~323. pl. 37, Sept. 1. l!'f.iO

38~l.

HAYASAKAPORA, A NEW PER;.\UAN BRYOZOA~ GE~US.
FROM IWAIZAKI, :\HYAGI PREFECTURE. JAPAN*
SUMIO SAKAGAMI
Ilokkaid6 Gakugci lini,·ersity

1i~~ljl,:jgj~ifii:tjlffjf~{t.Ei'i.!RHa,,·asakapora: :fHJ:~EERn!fr. ~JII~f!J;t$4':> H f.'!liH?
Rhabdomcsidac f44':>tfi~'!!:' }'t!'! l t-::4':>1:. -t~~4':>~!b.ftoa-il€-t ¢t.J: . .:f;-4':>c:Fl.:.lm~:~.ill! 11

ita- Hayasakapora c 6/JZiii3ilitlt..::. t.c,i-;. :E41'~4':>(t.@!l.1,4':>~4')fg~-tt!l. +-1::-1t...

i·-7, ~ 7 9 7. ·Y7:/P"- ... :-Jibt.c.c4':>=¥He4':>\:.4':>ci!f!!;tt-. :~if4':>:b4':>.!: t;~J<iflit.c.~*a­#1 J: ;~x

~ ~ --c~ .::., •Introduction and Acknowledgements

It is well known that Permian Bryozoa
occur abundantly in the limestone of\waizaki in the southern part of theKitakami massif in Northeast Japan.
The stratigraphical sequence was recent! y studied by R. MoRIKAwA et a!. (1958)
in detail. According to them. the limestone consists of the Permian System
and is subdivided into nine members
from A to I in ascending order. Of
these members. the H member (35m
thick) which consists of black slate andlimestone in alternation. yields Bryozoa.
Brachiopoda. Corals, Pelecypoda. Crinoids
and Trilobites, especially the first mentioned is dominant but lacks fusulinids.
However. in thin sections of the limestone. a few fusul inids-Codoii.O/usiellasp. were found. This member lies conformably above the G member (MoRtKA,\.A
et al.) which consists of black
limestone 18m thick) and has yielded
Codonofusiella sp .. Vl'rbee!?ina sp .. Yabeina
shiraizcensis and others.

* J{cceivecl May 25. 1959: read at the 66th
Annual meeting of the Geological Society ofJapan at Tokyo, April 9. 1959.

The following bryozoan species werediscriminated from the H member.
Fistulipora itMizal?iellsis SAKAGAMI.
MS.
Fistulipora cf. timorensis BAssLER
Fistulipora sp. A indet.
kleekopora de11sa SAKAGAMI. l\IS.
Ramipora ambigua SAKAG.uii, l\1S.
Goniocladia intricata SAKAGA\\!1, MS.
Coscinot1:vPa ? sp. indet.
Batostomella yamazakii SAK.~GA:I.ll, MS.
Batostomella igoi SAKAG,,~H. lVIS.
Batostomella microstomaSAKAGA).lJ, }[S.
Dl•scri!el/a izmizakiensis SAKAGA~t1.l\IS.
D~·saitella cyli11drica (CROCKFoRD, ?
Coe/oclemis minima SAKAGA~II. 1\lS.
Ilayasakapora erectoradiata SAEAG'"~"'.
n. gen. n. sp.
Streblascopora de/icatula SAKAGA :-.11,
MS.
C!ausotrypa exit/is SAKAGA~ll. MS.
Feneste!la spp.
Polypora spp.
Penniretepora iwaizakiemis SAKAGA\11,MS.
Pemziretepora akiyamai SAt-.:AGA:I.Il. MS.
Pemziretepora rectodicliotoma SAKAGA -l\11, MS.
Penniretepora temeis SAKAGA~ll. 1\IS.
From this generic assemblage, the-:3:21

Sumio S.4KAGAMI:322-Bryozoa of the limestone of lwaizaki-resembles the Permian of Timor. Australia and Vancouver Island. and some ofthem are common with those of U.S.S.R ..
In this paper. the writer describes a
ne\v genus. Hayasakapora. which may-belong to the Family Rhabdomesidae·with H. erectoradiala SAK:\GA~rr, n. sp.
as the type species.
Here. the writer is greatly indebted to
the follO\ving bryozoologists. Drs. l'v1. I.
S!lt'LGA·NESTERE!'>KO. B. P. :!'JEKHOIWSIIE\',
V. TRJZ!';A and G. G. AsTJWYA of U.S.S.R ..
. and Drs. l\1. K. E1.1As and H. DL".'>CA~ of
the United States of America for send. ing me their papers on the Paleozoic
Bryozoa for my study. The writer also
. expresses his gratitude to Dr. Haruyoshi
Ft:jl:-.-roTo. Professor Emeritus of theTokyo L'niversity of Education for hiskind guidance and encouragement. to Dr.
Ichiro liAYAsAKA, President of the Shimane University for his kind loan of
the necessary literatures and encouragement, and to Dr. Kotora HATAr of the
Tohoku University for reading the. manuscript.
Description of New Genus
Hayasakapora SAKAGA\11. n. gen.
Type Species :-Hayasakapora erectora·.-diata SAKAGA\11, n. sp.
Diagnosis :-Zoarium
slenderandramose. Zooecial_ apertures disposed on
external surface in longitudinally inter-

secting rows. Zooecia straight and arise
radially at right angles from linear axis.
and that of near outer part of mature
region surrounded by dense and fibrous
tissue. ?-.lesopore absent. Several minuteacanthopore-like substances developed atmargin of zoo~cia. Diaphragm absent.
Remarks :-A comparison of this new
genus with the other known genera of
the Family Rhabdomesidae shows considerable differences. but this new genus
may belong to this family.
llayasalutpom
somewhat resembles
Rhomboj>ora and C/ausolt:vpa in a few
characters. However. the present genus
can be distinguished from Rhombopom
by the mode of zooecial development
and the position of the acanthopore, andfrom Clausolrypa by the lacks of mesopore and diaphragm and the existenceof axis of zoarium. Batos/omella sp.
indet. which H .... YASAKA described andillustrated from the Carboniferous of
the Omi limestone, ?\iigata Prefecture,
Japan, may be included into this genus.
HAYASAKA's illustrated specimen which
is of a single thin section well agrees
with the characters of this genus in the
structure of interzooecial tissue, nearlystraight zooecial tube. unobservablemesopore and diaphragm except for
the uncertain existence of acanthoporelike substance at the margin of zooecial
aperture. However. since he describedthat the mesopore and acanthopore canseldom be obsen'ed. and that the diapharagm is present hut not very nu-

Explanation of Plate 37
i·Figs. 1-8. lfa.vasakapora (!recforadiala SAKAG.\:\11, n. gen. n. sp.
1. 2. Surface, x1 and xlO: 3, Longitudinal section of holotype, x20. Reg. no. 5001-A: 4,
6. 7. Obliquely uansverse sections, x20, Reg. nos. 5003-A, 5003-B. and 5068-B: 5,
Typical trans\·ersc section. x20, Reg. no. 5001-B: 8. Enlarged part of Fig. 7, showing
the zooecial tube enclcsed by acanthopores.

S AKAGAMI:S A K AGAM I

photo

Hayasakapora

Plate 37

389.

Hayasakapora. a New Permian Bryozoan Genus

merous. his Ratostome/la sp. indet. should
be reexamined The new generic name,Hayasakapora is named in honour of Dr.
lchir6 HA vNiAKA. President of the Shimane University whose extensive studies
on paleontology have stimulated mystudy.
Age :-Carboniferous !? 1 to Permian.
Ilayasakapora ercctoradiata
SAKAG.uu. n. sp.
Plate 31, Figures 1-8.

Zoarium slender and diverged branchlike, its diameter about ~ mm. Zooecial
apertures disposed on surface in longitudinally intersecting rows and is somewhat narrower than diameter of zooecium. Apertures 8 to 9 in ~ mm longitudinally. Length and diameter ofzooecium about 1 mm and 0.18 mm.
Seven acanthopore-like
respectively.
substances at margin of zooecial apenure,
its inner diameter about 0.017 mm.
Niesopore and diaphragm lacking.
Remarks:-This species is quite unlil'e
any described Rhabdomesonid in theinternal sturcture: The present form
.somewhat resembles " Batostomella sp.
indet." which IL-\ YAS.-\KA reported fromthe Omi limestone as already mentioned
in the remarks of the genus. However.
.the present form differs from the .. B.

:323

sp. indet.", which may belongs to thegenus Hayasalwpom. by the smaller
zoarial diameter and shorter zooecial
tube.
Horizon :-The H member of the limestone of lwaizaki.
Repositm:r :-All of the specimens treated in this paper are preserved in thecollection of the Department of Geology,
Hakodate Branch. Hokkaido Gakugei
l:niversity. Reg. Nos. 5001 (Holotype),
5003-A. 5003-B. 5068-B (Paratypes).

Sel£>cted References
B.\SSLER. R. S.. (1929), The Permian Bryozoa
of Timor. Paliiont. Tinw1·, Lief. 16, Abh.
28. pp. 37-90. pis. 225-2,17.
- - (1953), Bryozoa, in Moot<E's "Treatiseon Invertebrate Paleontology". Part G,
Gf'ol. Soc. A.merica and Kansas Unit•. Press.
pp. G1-G253.
I-1..,_ Y:\SM;A, 1.. (1924). On the Fauna of the
Anthracolithic Limestone of Omi·mura in
the Western Part of Echigo. Sci. Rep.,
Tolwku Imp. Unit• .. Ser. 2 (Geo/.), l'O/. 8,110. 1, pp. 3-82. pis. 1-7.
1\lo!HKA\\'A, R., ct al .. (1958). Stratigraphy
and Biostratigraphy of the .. Iwaizaki
Limestone" in the Southern Kitakami:\lountainland (in Japanese with English
Abstract): jub. Pub/. Comm. Prof. H.
FcJTMOTO's Sixtieth Birthday, pp. 81-90,
pl. 6.

324

PROCEEDINGS OF THE PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF JAPAN

13 *ti1:.¥5¥~~ 75 @ll?tl~,:t. 1960 1J'. 5 Jl 21
13. ti:'r::E:k~:1:J!!l.~iffiJt!!.~7:1Jc!iH~:M ·"Cr.Hfl!{~ht-:., ($~~ 37 ~)l\' }}lj'i*1ffff!Jib~~0)1Jf~

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.................. )J[r"'9 ~;k~~~Phylogeny of the Encrinuridae with specialreference to the Asiatic and Australian
species ................ Takashi lL\li.IAD.-\
Some Permo-Carboniferous fossils fromThailand .............. Takashi HAMADA
The fusu!inid genus Kahlerina . ........... .
............................ Hisayoshi Ico
Two new species of the Parafusulina·l'abeina·
type from Tomuro. Totigi Prefecture,
Central Japan ........................... .
Rokuro MORIKAWA & Yoshinari TAKAOKAI*J.lt!llUl!!"C~J!~:hk primitive l'abeina 1.::"?
~.-c .................... ~JII~f!ll · f!&ti:tz

The late Paleozoic corals from the Maizuru
zone. Southwest Japan ............ .
. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . Nobuko YAMAGIWA
A new species of Lonsdafcoides from Tokushima Prefecture, Japan ................ .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Nobuo YAMAGIWA·~·~'liH'I.::Jt·-c)e~ ~;ht.:·fiUI:=!t!l:*l::f..t ~ 0) lFJJ

~ ll::tiilfi::~"C ... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · :IJI1P f;\j;fU
Bio· and Litho-facies of the late Triassic
Hirabara formation in West Japan ..... .
Akira Tmn:Y,\.MA
T\\:~·j~~~~~;~·p~j~~~~~~j~·from West Thai-

land ........................ ltaru HAYAMI
Jurassic Inoceramids in Japan ............. .
..................... ltaru HAYAMI
Pelecypods from the Upper Jurassic andLowermost Cretaceous Shishiori Group in
Northeast Japan .......... Itaru HA YA:I.ll.
Munemitsu SL•GITA & Yoshihiro NAGVMO
On some Lower Cretaceous echinoids fromJapan (fl.: it) ............ Keisah."U T A:-<AKA
A new species of Aphelaster from the Lower
Cretaceous of japan ( f'\:llt) ........... · ..
Keisaku TANAKA & Matsutaro SHIBATA
Molluscan Fauna from the Palaeogef!e For·mations of Northwestern Part of Kushiro
Pro\•ince. Jlokkaido. Japan .. Sahuro KA~No
The Poronai Foraminifera of the Northern
Ishikari Coal-t1eld, Hokkaid6 (~~) ..... .
............................ Hiroshi UJIIE
Biostratigraphical position of the so-called·
Megami Formation, Shizuoka Prefecture.
Japan (fl.:;~) ................ Hiroshi UJHE
Stratigraphical characters of two l'liogypsina
assemblages from the ;\Iizunami District,Gifu Prefecture (fC~) ................. .
...... Kazukiyo Osm!\IA & Hiroshi UJ liE
filJ-bO)~if{Jflh~~ ·I? 0)1fJL!P..t::. "?\., -c· .l'f*ir!PB.

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ff/J(~/f=~~~;J!rvtJt:mf!lm" v !I-;,- ":/Lt.:,:z. J! '+Article 18. The Society shall hold regularly one General Meeting a year. The President
shall be Chairman and preside over the administrative affairs. The program
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Article 24. The amendments to the Constitution of the Society shall be decided at theGeneral Meeting and must be approved by more than two-thirds of those members who are in attendance.
Addendum 1) Voting in the Council shall be by unsigned ballot.
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CONSTITUTION

of the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
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