ITER Project Status
Fusion Energy Sciences
Advisory Committee Meeting
Ned Sauthoff
Director
US ITER Project Office
April 9, 2014

Major Progress:
Construction Site

Photo: ITER Organization • September 201304/09/14

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Major Progress:
ITER Headquarters Building

04/09/14

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Progress:
Tokamak Pit

Photo: ITER Organization • February 201404/09/14

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Major Progress:
Assembly Building

Photo: ITER Organization • June 201304/09/14

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Major Progress:
Poloidal Field Coil Winding Facility

Photo: ITER Organization • June 201304/09/14

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Major Progress:
ITER Cryostat Building

Photo: ITER Organization • June 201304/09/14

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Photo: ITER Organization • January 2014

7Fabrication of ITER Components
by Global Partners is Underway

04/09/14

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Toroidal Field (TF) Conductor Fabricationby 6 Domestic Agency Contributors

04/09/14

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9EU – Buildings, TF Coils, Vacuum
Vessel, and Neutral Beam Injection
A mock-up of the underport portion of thevacuum vessel

Full scale NBI tests will be
conducted at Padua site now
under construction.

First double pancake
prototype being woundfor toroidal fieldconductor(Photo: F4E)

04/09/14

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Japan – TF Coils
and 170 GHz Gyrotron
1MW gyrotron forplasma heating &current drive andmode suppression

B3Segment

TF Coil ~325 metric tons
16 m tall x 9 m wide

(Photos: JA DA)
04/09/14

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Korea – Vacuum Vessel Segments
and Power Convertor Systems

Manufacturing of an ITER vacuum vessel
segment in Korea
04/09/14

Prototype of the AC/DC power converter for the ITER verticalstabilization coils.
(Photos: KO DA)FESAC/Sauthoff

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Russia – Poloidal Field Magnet Conductor
Development and 170 GHz Gyrotron

1MW gyrotron for plasma heating andcurrent drive plus mode suppression

A copper dummy conductor fabricated for the PF1 coil(Photos:Gycom)
04/09/14

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China – Poloidal Field Conductor

Poloidal field dummy conductor was loaded on a ship bound forFrance in April 2013. Photo: CN DA

04/09/14

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Poloidal field dummy conductor was delivered from
China to the ITER site in June 2013.
Photo: ITER Organization

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India – Cryostat andDiagnostic Neutral Beam
Cryostat model
Image: ITEROrganization

A cryostat component fullscale mock-up. Photo: IN DAHigh voltage power supply for Diagnostic
Neutral Beam. Photo: IN DA
04/09/14

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US ITER Scope and Progress

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US Scope
PPPL

ORNL

14% of Port-based
Diagnostics

100% Central Solenoid(using JA conductor)

ORNL

ORNL

8% of Toroidal
Field Conductor

100% Ion Cyclotron
Transmission Lines

ORNL

ORNL

100% Pellet Injector

100% Electron
Cyclotron
Transmission Lines

ORNL

ORNL

100% Disruption
Mitigation(up to capped value)

Blanket/Shield(design support)

ORNL

ORNL

100% Tokamak Cooling
Water System

PPPL
75% Steady StateElectrical Network

04/09/14

100% Roughing Pumps,
Vacuum Auxiliary SystemSCALE
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SRNL
100% Tokamak Exhaust
Processing System17

Major Progress: US ITER
Deliveries to be Completed in 2014-2015

04/09/14

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Major Progress: US ITER
Central Solenoid Fabrication Begins in 2014
Successful acceptance tests of CS tooling stations

04/09/14

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Central Solenoid
Specs: 6 independent coil packs of cable-inconduit conductor (produced in up to 910 m
lengths), plus pre-compression structure• 13 Tesla • 5.5 GJ • 30 kV • 1.2 T/s • 45 kA
ITER Partner:• Japan (conductor)

Key Vendors:• General Atomics (modules) with Tauring,
Ridgway, Babcock Noel, Seco Warwick(tooling stations)• G&G Steel (prototype tie plates)• Major Tool & Machine, Inc. (prototype tie plates)
04/09/14

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CS integrated with structure

Status:• Final Design Review completed• Development and fabrication of toolingstations in process

Pancake-Wound
Segmented Stack

CS Module(1 of 7)20

General Atomics is Fabricating
the Central Solenoid Modules

Poway, CA Facility

04/09/14

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GA is Leading Tooling StationDevelopment for CS Fabrication
Coil transport tool at Airfloat (Decatur, IL)

Automated machine
wrapping of conductor
bars at General
Atomics (Poway, CA)

Heat treatment furnaceat Seco Warwick Corp.
(Meadville, PA)
Conductor winding equipment atTauring (Torino, Italy)
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GA is Leading Tooling Station
Development for CS Fabrication

Conductor winding station at Tauring (Torino, Italy) during factory acceptance testing.
Photo: US ITER

04/09/14

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Toroidal Field Conductor
Specs:• US contribution includes over 4 miles of conductor, which is constructed from 40
tons/over 4000 miles of niobium-tin superconducting strand• 18 toroidal field coils being produced by partners–Total magnetic energy of 41 gigajoules– Maximum magnetic field of 11.8 tesla
Status: In Fabrication
Strand• Production completedCabling• Dummy cable completed• 1st production cable completedJacketing• 800 m dummy conductor completed• Preparation for shipment is under way withshipment planned for April 2014

Strand at Luvata Waterbury, Inc. (Waterbury, CT)

Key Vendors:• Luvata Waterbury, Inc.
• Oxford Superconducting Technologies• New England Wire Technologies, Inc.
• High Performance Magnetics
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Toroidal Field Conductor

Completed batch of production cable at
New England Wire Technologies(Lisbon, NH)

04/09/14

Completed 800 m dummy conductor at High
Performance Magnetics (Tallahassee, FL)

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Tokamak Cooling Water System
Configuration:
36 km (22 mi) of piping, ~108
major industrial components
Status:In fabrication: Drain tanks
In design: Integrated system and230 pieces of equipment
Key Partner: ITER Organization
Drain tankassembly isunderway at
Joseph Oat,
Corp.
(Camden, NJ).

Key Vendors: AREVA FederalServices (design, Title III) with
Joseph Oat Corporation andODOM Industries (drain tankmanufacture)

Drain tank heads from Odom Industries (Milford, OH) weredelivered to Joseph Oat, Corp. for tank fabrication.
04/09/14

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Tokamak Cooling Water System
Recent Achievements:• Drain tank fabrication
progressing and scheduled forcompletion in 2014
• Arrangements between US
ITER and the ITER Organization
to complete the final TCWS
design, and procure and prefabricate piping on behalf of USITER• Completed the design
documentation review andtransferred a hierarchical set ofdocuments into a searchable
database that shows theimplementation requirements
04/09/14

Drain tank heads and shells are being fitted and assembled at
Joseph Oat Corporation (Camden, NJ). Photo: US ITERFESAC/Sauthoff

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Ion Cyclotron Transmission Lines
Specs:• Deliver up to 6 MW per transmission linefrom 8 transmitters to 2 power launchers• Load-tolerant tuning over 40-55 MHz• 1.5 km of transmission line

Ion Cyclotron resonant loop test stand at ORNL

Status: In Preliminary Design
Key Vendors: Mega, Dielectric, Comet,
General Atomics, National Instruments,
Cincinnati Fan

04/09/14

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Ion Cyclotron Transmission Linesand Matching System
Recent Achievements:• Successful test of cooling theinner conductors with circulating
air at 3-atmosphere pressure• Successful tests at high-voltage(40 kV) and long-pulse (1 hour) fortwo candidate straighttransmission lines• Successful test of one candidate
gas barrier at high-voltage (40 kV)
and long-pulse (1 hour)• Successful performanceverification test of 50/50 hybrid
power splitter

Four-port 50/50 power splitter on the test
bench. Internal view of outer conductor(aluminum) and inner conductors (copper)of the power splitter (Mega Industries,Portland, ME).

– The power splitter enables passive
tolerance to plasma ELM events
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Electron Cyclotron
Transmission LinesSpecs:• Provide efficient power transferfrom 170 GHz gyrotron sources
to launchers• Provide 20 MW of plasma
heating power• 4 km of transmission line, with24 sources to 56 feeds
Status: In Final Design
Key Vendors:• General Atomics• Dymenso• Calabazas Creek• ARMEC
A waveguide short gap expansion unit prototype permits
expansion and contraction during cycles

04/09/14

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Electron Cyclotron Transmission
Lines and Support System
Recent Achievements:• Fabrication of test articles forwaveguide switch, thermal
expansion system and highaccuracy waveguide joint• Thermal/mechanicalmodeling of waveguidecomponents and associatedwater cooling requirements

High alignment accuracy waveguide joint• Modeling analysis of mode
conversion and ohmic power
losses for waveguidecomponents and overall
integrated system losses
Aluminum waveguide and spiral corrugation tool
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Vacuum Auxiliary andRoughing Pump Systems
Specs: Vacuum auxiliary system(VAS) servicing ~ 5000 clients andcontinuous Protium, Deuterium,Tritium, and Helium gas roughingpumps (RPs)
Status: In Preliminary/Final Design• Delivered test equipment• Prototype pumps in fabrication andbeing tested
Key Vendors:• SIHI Pumps, Inc.
• Major Tool & Machine• Pfeiffer Vacuum, Inc.
Cryogenic Viscous Pump prototype (left) andconcept for 1st stage rough pumping.
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Vacuum Auxiliary andRoughing Pump Systems

Screw pump from SIHI (Grand Island, NY). Photo: US ITER

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CVC pump inner tube bundle
Photo: US ITER

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Pellet Injection SystemSpecs:• Continuous and reliable H/D/T fueling and mode control• Frozen hydrogen pellets accelerated by high pressuregas• Extruder nozzle produces adjustable length pellets for
fueling or mode triggering
Status: In Preliminary Design
Procurement Arrangement signed with ITER
Organization in December 2013
Key Contributor: Oak Ridge National Laboratory

04/09/14

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Pellet Injection System
Recent Achievements:• Fabrication of test articles for
extruder and guide tube
selector• Long-term reliability tests oftritium compatible piston
pump for recirculation loop
• Demonstration on DIII-D ofpellet ELM pacing at 12 X
natural rate and associated
12 X reduction in ELM
intensity

04/09/14

Pellet guide tube selector with internal views of actuators for routing
pellets for multiple inputs to multiple outputs.

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Pellet Injection System
Prototype Extruder Development

Pellet injector deuterium gas liquefier, solidifier and extruder assembly inside vacuum
cryostat. Photo: US ITER
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Disruption Mitigation
Specs: Massive gas injection and shattered pellet injection will be used to limit impactsof plasma current disruptions and suppress the formation and deleterious effects ofhigh-energy runaway electrons.
Status: In Preliminary Design• Massive gas injection developed andtested on ASDEX-U, C-Mod, DIII-Dand JET• Radiation asymmetry characterized• Large valve developed for JET being
redesigned for ITER use• Shattered pellet injection tested onDIII-D• Multiple barrel design being
developed for ITER use• ITER environment, delivery distanceand required reliability and responsetime is a design challenge

04/09/14

Experiment on DIII-D: Massive gas injection(MGI) results in reduction in upper strike point
wall temperature and more uniform heat
distribution on main chamber walls.

Unmitigated upward verticaldisplacement event (VDE)FESAC/Sauthoff

Upward VDE mitigated with
MGI 10 ms before VDE
thermal quench time37

Disruption Mitigation
Prototype 3-Barrel Shattered Pellet Injector

A prototype 3-barrel shattered pellet injector with 16 mm barrels is underdevelopment at ORNL. Shown here installed in vacuum chamber. Photo: US ITER

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Tokamak Exhaust Processing
Specs:• Separates hydrogen isotopes
from non-hydrogen in the gas
exhaust system• Delivers hydrogen isotopes toEU’s hydrogen isotope
separation system
Status: In Preliminary Design
Key Contributor: SavannahRiver National Laboratory

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Steady State Electrical Network
Scope: 75% of the equipment used tosupply electrical power to all
conventional (steady state) loads in
ITER facility, including

Future location of substation– HV Disconnect Switches– HV Circuit Breakers– HV Current Transformers– HV Potential Transformers– HV Surge Arresters– HV Substation Transformers– HV Substation Hardware– HV Control & Protection– Earthing Resistors– 22kV Switchgear

Status: In Fabrication
Key Vendors:Hyundai Corporation (USA)
Eaton Corporation
ABB, Inc.
Siemen’s Industry, Inc.
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Steady State Electrical
Network Scope

Equipment provided by US noted above (~ $30M).
(Design, installation, and 25% of equipment provided by EU.)
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Diagnostics

Scope: 14% of port-based diagnostic systems,
including integration of 4 diagnostic ports, plus 7
instrumentation systems
Status: In Preliminary and Conceptual Design
Key Contributors: PPPL, ORNL, LLNL, UCLA, U
Texas, U Maryland, MIT, UC Davis, Nova Photonics,General Atomics

04/09/14

FESAC/Sauthoff42Diagnostics
Diagnostic residual gas analyzer will be installed for first plasma.

Diagnostic residual gas analyzer
in development at ORNL.
Photo: US ITER/ORNL
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US ITER Funding Profile History

Four major factors driving changes:
1. Downward pressure on US ITER budget
2. Extended risk exposure increasing requirements for contingency funds
3. Delay of 3-4 years at IO with our estimate of ~ $1B increase in IO cost
4. Reduced buying power due to operations cost included under US ITER budget ceiling
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Conclusion: US ITER is StronglyPositioned for Continuing Progress• US is working closely with the ITER Council and the ITER
Organization to further evolve the ITER partnership forsuccess.
• US technical challenges encountered to date have been
overcome; no “show-stoppers” foreseen.
• US 1st plasma scope is sufficiently firm to proceed withfabrication at acceptable risk.
• 1st plasma deliverables have been on schedule.
− If $150M appropriated in FY 2015, schedule will slip again
and total program cost will increase.

US ITER is strongly positioned to accelerate schedule andreduce risk with adequate appropriations.
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