2014 .1-12

JP Domain Name
Registry ReportJapan Registry Services Co., Ltd.

Introduction

As the Internet is being used in increasingly diverse areas of society, the need fordomain names is growing and the area of domain name use is getting broader.
With this background, the total number of registered JP domain names topped 1.38
million as of January 2015. In 2014, JPRS introduced Japanese Prefecture Labels
into Prefecture Type JP Domain Names and provided an option for registrants tohide their names on Whois, in order to meet the rising demand for domain names.
In the global domain name industry, as the New gTLD Program led by ICANN*1
progresses, a number of new gTLDs have been launched. In addition, we have seenchallenges related to Internet infrastructure such as domain name hijacking caused
by unauthorized alteration of registration data in registry and registrar databases
and vulnerability of DNS software.
As a company supporting the basis of the Internet society through JP domain names
and DNS, JPRS is striving to make the Internet safe for everyone to use. To thisend, JPRS promptly provides information and deals with risks and challenges
related to domain names and DNS as they arise. JPRS also actively contributes todiscussions of global issues and conveys relevant information to the community inJapan.
In addition to the above, JPRS is committed to its ongoing operations to improve JP
domain name services, develop systems, and carry out promotional activities tofacilitate the use of JP domain names and deliver greater value to users.
The management and administration of JP domain names require a high level ofcommitment to enhancing the public interest and encouraging sound competition.
Recognizing this vital nature of its services and inﬂuence on society, JPRS annually
publishes the Registry Report on its management and administration of .JP
domain names.
JPRS will continue to ensure that JP domain names remain useful and contribute to
the development of the Internet society.

Koki Higashida
President
Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.
*1 ICANN: Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
http://www.icann.org/

Registry Report
Index
01 Registry Activities
01・1 Goal of JPRS as the JP Domain Name Registry02

01・2 Activities in 201403

01・3 International Relations

07

01・4 Activities in Japan18

01・5 Overview of this Term s Activities and Challenges for the Future

22

02 Statistical Information
02・1 Change in the Cumulative Number of Registered JP Domain Names

23

02・2 Breakdown of the Cumulative Number of Registered JP Domain Names

24

02・3 Number of JP Domain Name Registrations by Prefecture

25

02・4 Transition of DNS Conﬁguration Rate

26

02・5 Number of Accredited JP Registrars

27

02・6 Number of Complaints Based on JP Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (JP-DRP)

28

03 Reference
03・1 History

29

03・2 JP Domain Name Advisory Committee30

03・3 Proposals and Presentations

32

03・4 Press Releases

34

03・5 Provision of Technical Information Related to DNS

35Registry Report01

01 Registry Activities

01・1

Goal of JPRS as the JP Domain Name Registry

Our main objectives as the registry are: to continuously improve the value of JP domain names; toprovide the registry services that contribute to society; and to gain stronger support from the local andglobal Internet community in an environment where JPRS competes and collaborates with otherregistries of Top Level Domains (TLDs)*1 and similar service providers.
JPRS deﬁnes the following as the core concepts for the registration and administration of JP domainnames.
Reliability: establishing domain name space with the public trust
Stability: operating and administering the stable domain name system (DNS)
Usability: providing accessible domain name services which meet users needs
Fee Performance: providing services at reasonable fees
With the mission of supporting the Internet infrastructure, JPRS considers it important to ensure
reliability and stability while pursuing a good balance with usability and fee performance.

*1 TLD: Top Level Domain

02 Registry Report

01・2

Activities in 2014

In 2014, JPRS continued to contribute to the development of the Internet society and worked toenhance its registry services and the value of JP domain names in cooperation with the JP Registrars
and other related organizations.

Publication of Internet White Paper 2013-2014 (January)
Internet White Paper is a yearbook that summarizes the current state of the Internet fromvarious perspectives including that of business, society and technology, and it has reported on
the trend of the Internet in Japan since 1996. JPRS has been collaborating with Impress R&D* 1,
IAjapan*2 and JPNIC*3 in the Internet White Paper Editorial Committee, in planning and steeringof the White Paper since 2013. Internet White Paper 2013-2014 edited by the Committee
was published on January 31.

16th Japan Junior/Senior High School Web Contest (February)
JPRS supported the 16th Japan Junior/Senior High School Web Contest*4, a Web contest washeld by JAPIAS*5 for junior and senior high school students. JPRS provided 652 General-use JP
domain names (both in Japanese and ASCII) free of charge for the works of 328 teams so thatthey could have original domain names.
JPRS also presented the Best Domain Naming Award to the team who had chosen the mosteﬀective domain name to increase the appeal of their work.
http://jprs.co.jp/press/2014/140224.html (in Japanese)

Launch of Internet White Paper ARCHIVES (February)
JPRS is a member of the Internet White Paper Editorial Committee and participates in its planningand steering. The Committee launched Internet White Paper ARCHIVES*6 on February 21. Thisis a compendium of the Internet White Paper, which is published annually and spans from 1996
to the previous year s edition. The archive is publicly available free of charge.
http://jprs.co.jp/topics/2014/140221.html (in Japanese)*1 Impress R&D
http://www.impressrd.jp/ (in Japanese)*2 IAjapan: Internet Association Japan
https://www.iajapan.org/index-en.html*3 JPNIC: Japan Network Information Center
https://www.nic.ad.jp/en/*4 Japan Junior/Senior High School Web Contest (formerly Think Quest JAPAN)
http://webcon.japias.jp/ (in Japanese)*5 JAPIAS: Japan Association for Promotion of Internet Application in School Education
http://japias.jp/en/index.html*6
http://IWParchives.jp/ (in Japanese)

Registry Report03

01 Registry Activities

Free Cartoon Booklet on the Internet System Sent to Junior and Senior High Schools andTechnical Colleges across Japan (May)Info-Communications Promotion Month is a nationwide initiative that has been
conducted as part of Internet-related educational activities. In line with this, fromMay 15 to June 30, JPRS set up channels including a special website http://
マンガで学ぶ.jp (learn from Manga) where junior and senior high schools andtechnical colleges could apply for the distribution of educational material
produced by JPRS. JPRS distributed the material free of charge to those who
applied. Recognizing the growing importance of Internet-related education andshortage of teaching materials in schools, JPRS has worked on this project since2010, in parallel with the Info-Communications Promotion Month that starts on
Ponta s Great Adventurein the Network
May 15 every year. JPRS has published and oﬀered the booklet for ﬁve year in a
row and received a number of applications from educational institutions across the nation. The
number of copies distributed in these ﬁve years amounts to over 130,000. The material that JPRS
distributed is a graphical comic-style booklet entitled Ponta s Great Adventure in the Network. It
contains a story with many illustrations to help readers learn how to reach particular websites andhow a Domain Name , which is the Internet address, works.
http://jprs.co.jp/press/2014/140515.html (in Japanese)

Interop Tokyo 2014 (June)
To provide information on domain names and DNS, JPRS provided
seminars to Interop Tokyo 2014 visitors and explained the basics ofdomain names, highlighted a technical topic related to DNS with theslide deck entitled DNS Cache Poisoning Attacks ― The overview andits countermeasures, and outlined the latest developments of newgTLDs through presentations and exhibit panels in its exhibition boothat Interop Tokyo 2014.

JPRS booth

http://jprs.co.jp/topics/2014/140605.html (in Japanese)

Report Published by Expert Team on Name Collision, including members from JPRS (June)
The introduction of new gTLDs has caused the issue of Name Collision which occurs when an
attempt to resolve a name that is used in a private name space results in resolution of a DNS
query to the Internet domain name system. This issue may aﬀect a signiﬁcant number of users
worldwide, so a study on the impact of and measures against name collision issue was initiatedin Japan as well. In January 2014, JPNIC set up the Expert Team on Reviewing Risks andDeveloping Countermeasures on the Introduction of Large-scale New gTLDs , and tasked it withconsidering the name collision issue and working out countermeasures. Shinta Sato and Takayasu
Matsuura of JPRS participated in the team as members and worked on continuous and extensive
measures to raise awareness in Japan.
In June 2014, the team published a report recommending a series of measures to be taken byconcerned parties including managers of enterprise networks and ISP operators. Concurrently,
JPRS posted the Japanese translation of Guide to Name Collision Identiﬁcation and Mitigation
for IT Professionals, a document on name collision issue published by ICANN.
http://jprs.co.jp/press/2014/140609.html (in Japanese)

04 Registry ReportWhois Option to Hide Registrant Name Started (August)
JPRS started to provide an optional function for General-Use and Prefecture Type JP Domain
Names, which allows registrants to hide their registrant name from the JPRS WHOIS record fortheir domain names. The principle of Whois is to publish registrant data (registrant name,organization name, etc.) in order to maintain stable operation of the Internet by autonomously
solving technical issues and troubles related to trademarks and so on. However, as the Internet
expands, awareness about personal information has risen, and the activities of domain nameregistrants have become limited or hindered due to publication of their registrant information on
Whois. This trend rose the demands for the ability to hide registrant name. In view of this need,
JPRS now allows registrants to opt-out from having their name shown in Whois.
http://jprs.jp/about/dom-rule/whois-concealment/ (in Japanese)

SECCON 2014 (September)
SECCON 2014*7 is a series of events organized with the aim of
recruiting and training information security personnel and of providing aplace for hands-on experience with related technologies. JPRS
supported as a special sponsor for SECCON 2014 Nagano Convention
that focused on DNS. In the convention, JPRS assisted with preparing
the exercises for the DNS Security Challenge, and provided a seminarabout the basics of DNS, supported the running of the event, and set up
its exhibition booth at the venue.

SECCON 2014

Internet Week 2014 (November)
JPRS supported Internet Week 2014 as a sponsor and Yoshiro Yoneya
and Tomoya Sakaguchi of JPRS played a leading role in planning the
DNS Tutorial and DNS DAY as members of Program Committee. JPRS
staﬀ members also gave presentations on DNS security and other latest
topics and developments in the DNS-related programs, in order to sharethe latest information with the participants.
http://jprs.co.jp/topics/2014/141001.html (in Japanese)

Lunch Seminar at Internet Week 2014

History of Internet Resources Management in Japan― Focusing on Domain Name and IP Address ― Published (November)
JPNIC and JPRS jointly compiled and published a series of web contents entitled History ofInternet Resource Management in Japan ― Focusing on Domain Name and IP Address ― that
traced the history of Internet resource management in Japan.
JPNIC and JPRS are compiling a history of the Internet in Japan, which describes in plain
language how the Internet has evolved in Japan in terms of resource management. The
above-mentioned web contents were developed by the History Compilation Team which JPNIC
and JPRS collaboratively worked as part of their history compilation activities.
http://jprs.co.jp/topics/2014/141117.html (in Japanese)*7: http://2014.seccon.jp/ (in Japanese)
Registry Report05

01 Registry Activities

Japanese Characters Introduced into Prefecture Labels of Prefecture Type JP Domain Names (November)
On November 3, 2014, JPRS made the names of the 47 prefecturesin Japan (Prefecture Labels) speciﬁed in the Prefecture Type JP
Domain Name space available in Japanese, in addition to ASCII(alphanumeric) characters.
Before this, Japanese characters could be used for a label on theleft of a Prefecture Label only, and the Prefecture Labels
Newspaper adthemselves were represented solely with ASCII characters. With theintroduction of Japanese characters into the Prefecture Labels, domain names such as ○○温泉.長野.jp (for some spa in Nagano), ○○寺.京都.jp (for some temple in Kyoto)and ○○うどん.香川.jp (forsome Udon noodle in Kagawa)became available, and thus registrants can now make eﬀective use ofsuch domain names.
As of August 2014, the percentage of Japanese domain name registration was higher in the
Prefecture Type Domain Name than in the General-use JP Domain Name space, and there wererequests from registrants who wanted to use Prefecture Type Domain Name with Japanese
Prefecture Labels as well. Accordingly, JPRS decided to introduce Japanese Prefecture Labels,
recognizing that some Prefecture Type JP domain names with a Japanese Prefecture Label would
appear more attractive than those with an ASCII label and would also assist local revitalization.
With the introduction of Japanese characters into Prefecture Labels, JPRS promoted the service
through web and newspaper advertisements across the country.
http://jprs.co.jp/en/press/2014/141104.html

Events and Seminars for JP Registrars
May

JP Registrar Seminar ‒ An Introduction to Domain Name Registration and Administration ‒JPRS provided basic information on domain names and outlined how to register andadminister them to the newly accredited JP Registrars and those staﬀ of JP Registrars
who recently started handling JP domain names.

Jun.

Service Change Brieﬁng
JPRS explained to the JP Registrars about its service changes scheduled for
implementation in 2014, including Enforcement of Authentication for Domain Name
Application Interface.

Jul.

Oct.

JPRS Technical Seminar

The session DNS-related Hot Topics was held for engineers, including an overview ofand countermeasures against cache poisoning attacks. The issue of name collision andmeasures to mitigate its risk were also outlined in the session. For newly-appointed
technical staﬀers, JPRS shared essential knowledge of DNS administration such as thebasic structure and operation of DNS.

13th JP Partners Meetings
JPRS described developments in the domain name industry, its service plans including
future service changes as well as information useful for day-to-day operations. JPRS also
explained the contents of the DNS-related Hot Topics introduced in the JPRSTechnical Seminar held in July for non-technical participants.

Nov.

JP Registrar Seminar ‒ An Introduction to Domain Name Registration and Administration ‒JPRS provided basic information on domain names and outlined how to register andadminister them to the newly accredited JP Registrars and those staﬀ of JP Registrars
who recently started handling JP domain names.

06 Registry Report

01・3

International Relations

1. Participation in ICANNICANN is a private non-proﬁt organization established in the
United States in 1998 to coordinate resources underpinning theInternet, such as domain names, IP addresses and root servers.
ICANN holds three public meetings each year in diﬀerent regionsof the world to enable global stakeholders to participate inperson and discuss policies and rules for resource management.
In 2014, ICANN held its 49th meeting in Singapore, the 50th
meeting in London, U.K. and the 51st meeting in Los Angeles,
U.S.A.

ICANN 50

With the participation of numerous parties interested in ccTLD and gTLD, ICANN has always
functioned as an important forum for information-sharing and discussing on issues on policies andgovernance concerning domain name management. In recent years, ICANN has also come to play avital role in information-sharing and discussions on technical issues including DNS and DNSSEC.
Broad-ranging discussions were held in ICANN in 2014, covering various issues including thoserelated to the introduction of new gTLDs, such as name collision issue and brand TLDs.
In addition, diﬀerent working groups actively shared the latest information and developments at theICANN meetings to encourage community discussions on IANA stewardship transition and enhancing
ICANN accountability.
Since its foundation, JPRS has been actively participating in the organization of ICANN and various
policy discussions, and supporting the coordination of Internet resource management led by theprivate sector, with ICANN playing the central role. In 2002, JPRS signed a ccTLD Sponsorship
Agreement with ICANN, and has since been entrusted by ICANN to serve as the registry of Japan s
ccTLD .jp .
By participating in various organizations established within ICANN, as well as by giving presentations
and information exchanges at various sessions JPRS participates in policy development andimplementation-planning to cope with issues facing ICANN and registries. Also via ICANN, JPRS issharing its experience in JP registry operations with the global community, thereby contributing to thedevelopment of the Internet as a whole.
The following reports JPRS s activities in ICANN organizations:Registry Report07

01 Registry Activities（1）ccNSO
ccNSO*1 is one of the Supporting Organizations set up in ICANN to assist its activities. The rolesof ccNSO as the alliance of ccTLDs are to coordinate with the other Supporting Organizations
within ICANN, to form a consensus in the ccTLD community on global issues concerning theentire ccTLD space and to make recommendations to the ICANN Board. JPRS has been amember of ccNSO since its inception in 2003, and Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS has served as a
ccNSO Council member during the same time.
ccNSO held a forum for information-sharing at every ICANN meeting to update members on thestatus and eﬀorts made in each country or territory with regard to Internet governance, thediscussions on IANA stewardship transition as well as ICANN s accountability, and the latest
developments in the United Nations concerning WSIS+10*2. Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS as theCouncilor actively worked on forming the ccNSO Council s position.
2014 saw a number of cyber attacks targeting registries and registrars, including unauthorizedalteration of name server information contained in the domain name registration data that
registries or registrars manage. In the ccNSO meeting held in Los Angeles in October, .il (Israel)
explained the background and details of the attacks that took place in the country in July 2014.
The members learned from the presentation how the ccTLD responded to the attacks and what it
acquired from the experience.
CRI WG*3 studied the method and mechanism to register, provide and manage contact
information which can be used to immediately get through to the relevant ccTLD operator staﬀ
without fail at the time of a DNS incident, and issued the WG s ﬁnal report. Hitoshi Saito of JPRS
participated in the group as a member. Based on the CRI WG ﬁnal report, a new working groupcalled SECIR WG*4 was formed. To date, SECIR WG has been discussing implementation of the
ﬁnal report, taking into account not only coordination among the ccTLDs but also futurecollaboration between ccTLDs and the regional ccTLD associations.
During another information exchange session among ccTLDs, JPRS reported that it had made theJapanese names of the 47 prefectures in Japan (Prefecture Labels) available as the second level
label of the Prefecture Type JP Domain Name space, in addition to ASCII (English alphabet)characters on November 3, 2014.
The industry-wide impact of new gTLDs that are commencing operation one after another is
attracting interest in ccNSO as well. Accordingly, ccNSO exchanged opinions as to how ccTLDs
should respond to the current situation where hundreds of TLDs are emerging, and held panel
discussions with gTLD registrars to discuss the topic.

*1 ccNSO: Country Code Names Supporting Organisation
http://ccnso.icann.org/*2 WSIS+10 : http://www.itu.int/wsis/review/*3 CRI WG : Contact Repository Implementation Working Group
http://ccnso.icann.org/workinggroups/iriwg.htm*4 SECIR WG : Secure Email Communication for ccTLD Incident Response Working Group
http://ccnso.icann.org/workinggroups/secir.htm
08 Registry Report

（2）IDN Variant TLD Program
The IDN Variant TLD Program is a series of activities to develop Label Generation Rules (LGRs)
for the root zone and aims to establish procedures to add non-ASCII script to the root zone.
To develop speciﬁc rules for the root zone, the following two panels are established:
1. Generation Panel (GP)Each GP creates a proposed LGR for a given script to be added in the root zone. It is composedof key ﬁgures of each language community and experts in linguistics and domain names.
2. Integration Panel (IP)
IP is a panel of experts in character encoding or IDNs and is tasked with integrating rules
developed by the Generation Panels into a consistent set of LGRs.
In 2014, the IP and several GPs were formed and began their speciﬁc tasks.
The community that uses Kanji script includes the Chinese (including Taiwan and Hong Kong,etc.), Korean and Japanese communities, so it is necessary to develop Label Generation Rules
that are consistent across those language communities. Therefore, the Japanese community
started working on its LGR in consideration of such necessity. The study is being conducted
involving experts representing the Japanese language community, linguists and gTLD registries,
with JPNIC and JPRS serving as the secretariat. Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS is leading the initiative
as the chair, with Yoshiro Yoneya of JPRS participating as a member to tap into the expertise
gained through designing, providing and operating domain name services.
They are performing the study in cooperation with the other ccTLD registries such as CNNIC of
China, TWNIC of Taiwan and KISA of Korea and are planning to submit an LGR as the GPs. They
are expected to complete the coordination by the integration by the IP in mid 2015.
http://jprs.co.jp/topics/2014/140509.html (in Japanese)

Registry Report09

01 Registry Activities（3）WHOIS RT IRD WG
The WHOIS Protocol Speciﬁcation (RFC 3912) does not deﬁne speciﬁcations for exchanging
data in character codes other than US-ASCII. Therefore, each TLD has to develop its own
speciﬁcation to internationalize its Whois (to enable it to handle character codes other than
US-ASCII). The number of non-English-speaking users keeps increasing, so it is desired to further
standardize the protocol to internationalize Whois.
With this background, ICANN considered that it was necessary to structure the registration dataapplicable to gTLDs and in 2013 established WHOIS RT IRD WG*5, a working group to clarify
the requirements.
This working group is tasked with deﬁning the requirements and data model for internationalized
registration data. Members of the working group were publicly sought, and a number of experts
from IETF, registry and registrar operators were gathered. Naoki Kambe of JPRS is also
participating in the working group as a member representing the registry operator.
The working group published a progress report entitled Interim Report Internationalized
Registration Data Expert Working Group in April 2014 and called for public input*6. The reportmainly proposed the requirements for internationalized registration data.
Following this, the working group started to develop a ﬁnal report reﬂecting the input gained fromthe public comments regarding the interim report and complementing the data model forinternationalized registration data. The working group plans to publish the ﬁnal report in the
beginning of 2015, whereupon its task will be completed.

（4）DNSSEC Workshop Program Committee
As part of its eﬀorts to promote DNSSEC, ICANN holds the DNSSEC Workshop in every ICANN
meeting. This DNSSEC Workshop functions as a forum for registries, registrars, Internet service
providers and businesses to share their experience of deploying DNSSEC and to learn the latest
technological trends related to DNSSEC.
Yoshiro Yoneya of JPRS serves on the DNSSEC Workshop Program Committee as a member
from Asia and plays a part by planning the workshops and sharing the situation in Japan.

（5）SSACSSAC*7, one of the Advisory Committees in ICANN, advises the ICANN community and theICANN Board on issues related to Internet security and stability. SSAC consists mainly oftechnical experts, such as registries, registrars, root server operators, and Internet-related
researchers.
Since 2007, Shinta Sato of JPRS has been participating in SSAC as a member. Using his
experience of working in a ccTLD registry, Sato is committed to ensuring that the Internet
operates stably at the global level.
*5 WHOIS RT IRD WG: WHOIS Review Team Internationalized Registration Data WG
https://community.icann.org/display/whoisird/WHOIS+RT+IRD+WG+Home*6 Interim Report Internationalized Registration Data Expert Working Grouphttps://www.icann.org/public-comments/ird-interim-2014-04-14-en*7 SSAC: Security and Stability Advisory Committee
http://www.icann.org/en/groups/ssac

10 Registry Report2. Participation in IETF
IETF*1 was established in 1986 by IAB (Internet Architecture Board) to promote standardizationof Internet technologies. There are a number of Working Groups in IETF that make Internet
standards in various technology areas.
Discussion and other activities of IETF are handled via its mailing lists. IETF also holds meetings
three times per year, and these meetings are attended by engineers gathering from around theworld. In 2014, IETF 89 was held in London, U.K., IETF 90 in Toronto, Canada and IETF 91 in
Honolulu, U.S.A.
JPRS is participating in the standardization activities in IETF by
working on internationalization of the identiﬁers to be used in the
protocols, suggesting solutions to the issues related to DNS
operations and proposing standardization of the technologies
employed by registries.
The following reports JPRS s activities in IETF:

IETF90（1）Promotion of the Standardization of Internationalized Identifier Processing (precis WG)
Internationalized identiﬁers generally refer to identiﬁers containing at least one non-alphanumericcharacters (i.e., internationalized) that uniquely identify domain names, email addresses, andwebsite addresses on the Internet.
To use internationalized identiﬁers, preprocessing is necessary to unify or normalize charactertypes and compatible characters so that character strings can be matched up correctly. IETF
issued an RFC in 2003 to make stringprep as the standard method of preprocessing. Since
stringprep refers to the older version of Unicode speciﬁcations, it needs to be revised.
Accordingly, in June 2010, IETF set up the precis Working Group (WG)*2 to discuss revisions tostringprep. Yoshiro Yoneya of JPRS was appointed Co-Chair of the WG to lead its activities.
It was decided that precis protocol was to deﬁne a core framework similar to stringprep and deﬁne
the details of speciﬁc protocols applicable to such framework, so that the protocols according tostringprep could migrate into precis while being based on the changes in IDNA2008*3.
In April 2014, the proposed precis framework that would form a core part of the precis protocol
was reviewed by the entire IETF, and the principle was mostly ﬁnalized. Thereafter, the framework
was modiﬁed to make it easy to incorporate the change in Unicode which precis refers to.
Currently, IESG*4 is conducting its ﬁnal technical review, and the standardization is expected tobe completed by the end of 2015. Following the standardization of the precis framework, detailed
deﬁnitions (proﬁles) that allow speciﬁc protocols to apply that framework will be standardized.

*1 IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force
http://www.ietf.org/*2 precis WG: Preparation and Comparison of Internationalized Strings WG
https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/precis/*3 Status of IDN standardization
http://jprs.co.jp/idn/index-e.html*4 IESG: The Internet Engineering Steering Grouphttps://www.ietf.org/iesg/
Registry Report11

01 Registry Activities（2）weirds WG
weirds WG*5 is a working group set up to develop a new protocol to replace the legacy WHOIS
protocol and to conduct interoperability tests through implementing the prototypes.
JPRS implemented a prototype while the weirds WG developed the protocol speciﬁcations. JPRS
also conducted interoperability testing with the other implementers, gave feedback on the edit ofthe document and helped to ﬁnalize the speciﬁcation.
The legacy WHOIS speciﬁcation needed to be replaced, as the data format of responses has notbeen standardized and the speciﬁcation does not take internationalization into account.
Therefore, the development of a new protocol to replace the legacy WHOIS protocol has long
been an issue.
To settle the issue, the weirds WG adopted web-based RDAP (Registration Data Access Protocol)
as the protocol for queries on registration data and JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) as the
protocol to display structured and internationalized registration data.
The weirds WG ﬁnished developing the following seven Internet drafts in September 2014 andrequested a review by the IESG, following which all of the drafts were approved by the IESG in
December. These documents will be published as RFC in early 2015, whereupon its task will becompleted.
Finding the Authoritative Registration Data (RDAP) Service(draft-ietf-weirds-bootstrap)
JSON Responses for the Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP)(draft-ietf-weirds-json-response)
Registration Data Access Protocol Object Inventory Analysis(draft-ietf-weirds-object-inventory)
Registration Data Access Protocol Query Format(draft-ietf-weirds-rdap-query)
Security Services for the Registration Data Access Protocol(draft-ietf-weirds-rdap-sec)
HTTP usage in the Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP)(draft-ietf-weirds-using-http)In the weirds WG, the participating domain registries and IP address registries implemented RDAP
servers and test programs independently on trial based on the Internet draft, and checkedinterconnectivity through a series of interoperability testing sessions. The tests were intended to
inform the WG members of the issues that had not been detected at the time of developing theabove drafts, and help them reﬂect such issues into the documents.
The testing sessions were held in conjunction with the IETF meetings. JPRS experimentally
implemented a proprietary RDAP server and participated in the testing sessions held at the 89th,
90th and 91st IETF meetings.

*5 weirds WG: Web Extensible Internet Registration Data Service WG
https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/weirds/
12 Registry Report

The engineers who participated in those sessions discussed various issues such as theappropriate error codes that should be sent out in response and the means to convert a message
in HTML template, embedded in web servers or application servers, into JSON format.

（3）dnsop WG
The name of the dnsop WG*6 derives from DNS Operations, and aims to compile a guideline for
DNS operation in general, including administration of DNS servers and registration data.
JPRS has actively participated in the dnsop WG with its expertise as the JP DNS operator, by
proposing RFC 4074, presenting the issues caused by misconﬁgurations of DNS servers andplaying a part in the discussions on the change of DNS operators at the time of DNSSEC
operation.
In 2014, JPRS proposed measures against cache poisoning attacks and pointed out ambiguities inthe DNS protocol and related terms.

*6 dnsop WG : Domain Name System Operations WG
https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/dnsop/
Registry Report13

01 Registry Activities

3. Participation in Registry Associations（1）APTLDJPRS has been a member of APTLD*1 since 2002. As the registry for JP domain names, JPRS
proposes improvements of APTLD activities, provides information and exchanges views atpresentations and discussions so that the ccTLD community in the Asia-Paciﬁc region can gain
experience and expertise and raise the level of service standards. Besides this, Hirofumi Hotta of
JPRS serves as the APTLD Board Director.
At the APTLD meetings, the members exchanged information and views as to the activities
related to Internet governance and services provided and considered by each ccTLD in an eﬀort
to improve the security of domain names. Hotta gave a presentation in February and shared thestatus of studies within JPRS on enhanced authentication with digital certiﬁcates that was being
planned to strengthen the security of the JP domain name application interface with JP Registrars.
As the ccNSO Council member, he also summarized the discussions at the ccNSO members
meetings that had been held during the ICANN meetings.
In the lead-up to the time when IDN ccTLD and new gTLD registries multiply, APTLD set up the
mission & objectives WG, a working group to consider the mission and objectives of APTLD.
Hotta served as the chair of the working group. The group reported the results of the members
survey on the expected activities of APTLD and discussed it with the members in February. The
survey revealed that the members expected information sharing sessions and training sessions for
improving the knowledge and technology base of the entire membership. It was also found thatthe members wanted further sharing of the experiences and activities of each ccTLD as well as
the results and analyses of member ccTLD surveys.

（2）CENTR
CENTR*2 is an association consisting of ccTLD registries mainly in Europe. As an Associate
member, JPRS shares information and exchanges opinions with other CENTR members. In addition,
CENTR conducts surveys and information-sharing among members, so JPRS is actively taking partin these activities to consider its future services in the light of what it learns in CENTR.
In the meeting held in June, Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS gave a presentation and shared, from the registry
operator s viewpoint, the trend in regulations in Japan aﬀecting the registry business.

*1 APTLD : Asia Paciﬁc Top Level Domain Association
http://www.aptld.org/*2 CENTR : Council of European National Top Level Domain Registries
https://www.centr.org/
14 Registry Report

4. Other International Activities（1）Participation in the Internet Governance Forum (IGF)
IGF*1 is an international conference that has been held annually since 2006. In 2014, IGF washeld in Istanbul in Turkey from 1 to 5 September, 2014, with the Pre-IGF meeting held on the
opening day. JPRS participated in the conference, and Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS sat on a panel on
contributing to improved Internet governance literacy and multilingual environments on theInternet. At the panel he explained the situation in Japan.

（2） Participation in Asia Pacific Regional Internet Governance Forum (APrIGF)
APrIGF*2 has been held annually since 2010, with the participation of mainly the members of thecommunity in the Asia Paciﬁc. It has been a forum for discussing Internet governance issues andother issues speciﬁc to the region.
APrIGF 2014 was held from 3 to 6 August in Delhi, India, in which Hirofumi Hotta and Yuri
Takamatsu of JPRS participated. In this particular forum the participants shared the status ofInternet governance discussions in each country, territory, and whole Asia. ICANN also
participated in the APrIGF and outlined the development of the transition of IANA stewardship
which was an issue at the time following the so-called Snowden revelation in June 2013.

（3） Efforts Related to Internet Governancea) JPRS submitted its comments in response to the questionnaire of CSTD
On September 15, 2014, JPRS submitted its comments in response to the questionnaire of
the Commission on Science and Technology for Development (CSTD) within the United
Nations.
The purpose of this questionnaire provided by CSTD is to gather comments relevant to theimplementation of "World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) outcomes. Submittedcomments will be used in the review of WSIS outcomes including the "Tunis Agenda" which
was adopted at WSIS in November 2005. CSTD widely sought inputs to this questionnaire.
Since its establishment JPRS has supported the coordination of issues relevant to the Internet
through an open and bottom-up initiative led by the private sector, with the participation ofdiverse players. From this standpoint, JPRS responded to the CSTD questionnaire.
http://jprs.co.jp/en/topics/2014/140916.htmlb) Participation in NETmundial
The Snowden revelation in June 2013 saw growing public concern about the fact that
discussions on Internet resources and the fundamental authority such as delegation wereuniquely controlled by the United States. On the back of this, the Brazilian President, Dilma
Rousseﬀ, announced her intention to provide a forum (NETmundial) in which all stakeholders
could participate and consider a broad range of issues related to Internet governance.
*1 IGF: Internet Governance Forum
http://www.intgovforum.org/*2 APrIGF : Asia Paciﬁc Regional Internet Governance Forum
http://www.rigf.asia/
Registry Report15

01 Registry Activities

Following that, NETmundial was held under the auspices of the government of Brazil in Sao
Paulo for two days from April 23, 2014. The principles and roadmap of Internet governance werediscussed during the meetings, involving broad participation from governments, civil society,academia, the private sector and the technical world.
JPRS also participated in the forum and made statements calling for more concrete rationales
and deﬁnitions to be incorporated in the outcome documents that were under consideration at
the time.

（4）Participation in the DotAsia Organisation
The DotAsia Organisation*3 is the sponsoring organization and registry for the .asia top leveldomain. It is a not-for-proﬁt organization incorporated in Hong Kong and contributes its proceeds ofthe .asia registration services toward promoting the Internet in the Asia-Paciﬁc region by carryingout various community projects.
The DotAsia Organisation s Internet advancement initiatives include the APrIGF Secretariat and theNetMission Ambassadors Program, a capacity building eﬀort for young people who are expected
to play a role in the evolution of the Internet.
JPRS has participated in the DotAsia Organisation as a Sponsor Member since its foundation, andAtsushi Endo of JPRS plays a role in its organizational operation as one of the Board Directors.

（5）APWG
APWG*4 is a non-proﬁt organization established in 2003 for the purpose of sharing anti-phishingmeasures and other related information. It consists of more than 2,000 organizational and businessmembers that include ﬁnancial institutions, Internet service providers, law enforcement authorities
and governments.
Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS participated in Counter eCrime Operations Summit VIII held by the APWG
in Hong Kong from April 8 to 10, 2014. In one of the panels, he introduced the security measurestaken by JPRS and discussed the issue with the other participants.

（6）Participation in Root DNS Server Operator Organizations Meetings
IETF holds meetings three times a year, and representatives of root DNS server operator
organizations meet on the ﬁrst day of each meeting. JPRS has been participating in these meetings
as one of the organizations in charge of M-Root DNS server operations. At these meetings,
attendees share information principally on the stability of server operations and topics related to thelatest technology. In addition, tabletop exercises are held as preparation for a large-scale failure.
As one of the operators of the M-Root DNS server, JPRS has also been participating in RSSAC, oneof the Advisory Committees within ICANN that advises the ICANN Board on matters relating to theoperation of the Root Server System. Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS represents the M-Root DNS server andplays an active role in the committee as the standing proxy of Dr. Jun Murai with the WIDE Project.
The discussions continued from 2013 saw the RSSAC explore methods to collect traﬃc information
across all the root DNS servers. The organizational structure of the RSSAC was also reconsidered.
These issues were considered with a view to maintaining stable operation of the root servers without
interruption after the introduction of new gTLDs.
*3 DotAsia Organisation
http://www.dot.asia/*4 APWG: Anti-Phishing Working Group
http://www.antiphishing.org/about-APWG/
16 Registry Report

（7）Participation in DNS-OARC
DNS-OARC*5 is an international organization established in 2004 for the purpose of improving thestability and quality of DNS through various activities related to operation, analysis and study of
DNS, the system widely used on the Internet. DNS-OARC conducts the annual DITL*6, which
involves collecting and evaluating server packets of DNS including the root servers once a year for
50 hours.
DNS-OARC has held workshops twice a year. In 2014, JPRS pointed out the fact that many
full-resolvers were sending massive amounts of unnecessary queries under normal circumstances
to the root DNS servers. It also reported on its attempt to monitor the root DNS servers to measure
the share of TLD utilization in each country.

（8）Relationship with other ccTLDsa) TW Registrar Meeting
Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS was invited to the TW Registrar Meeting hosted by TWNIC (.tw, Taiwan)
on August 15 as a lecturer. At the presentation sessions, the services and activities of each
ccTLD were briefed and information and opinions were exchanged among the participants. He
also reported on the introduction of internationalized domain names into the second leveldomain of Prefecture Type JP Domain Names and on the activities of JPRS.
b) Visit from VNNICVNNIC (.vn, Vietnamese ccTLD Registry) visited JPRS on November 27 and exchanged
information on the organizational structure and statistics of domain names with JPRS. VNNIC isplanning to deploy DNSSEC in the next few years, and agreed with JPRS to continue to shareknowledge and information.

（9）Activities in Academic Societies
JPRS is conducting ongoing research on DNS. In 2014, Kazunori Fujiwara of JPRS presented his
ﬁndings to the academic society as follows.
- Invited lecture at the 2014 Second Technical Committee on Internet Architecture
Has the Root Been Eliminated? ― Revisiting DNS Cache Poisoning and Countermeasures ―*5 DNS-OARC: The DNS Operations, Analysis, and Research Center
https://www.dns-oarc.net/*6 DITL: Day In The Life of the Internet
https://www.dns-oarc.net/oarc/data/ditl
Registry Report17

01 Registry Activities

01・4

Activities in Japan（1）Participation in JANOG
JANOG*1 is the organization established to promote thesmooth operation of networks through discussions andinformation-sharing among network operators to contribute toInternet users and engineers. The members discuss various
issues on the mailing list and gather at JANOG Meetings
held twice a year. JANOG also convenes its Interim Meetingas necessary between the regular JANOG meetings.
The JANOG Meetings were held in January and July in 2014,
and the Interim meeting was held in April. JPRS supported
JANOG34 Meetingthese JANOG Meetings as one of the platinum sponsors. Also,
the engineers of JPRS participated in the discussion on the mailing list as well as in the meetingsand gave presentations in the sessions.
In the JANOG34 Meeting held in July, Yasuhiro Morishita of JPRS gave a presentation entitled
How to Address Security Issues and outlined cache poisoning attacks. He also described
JPRS s eﬀorts to respond to the attacks.

（2）Participation in DNSOPS.JPDNS Operators Group, Japan (DNSOPS.JP*2) was established in 2006 with the intention ofcontributing to the stable operation of the Internet through the administration of DNS. Yasuhiro
Morishita of JPRS participated in the establishment as one of the founding members. DNSOPS.JP
serves as a forum for DNS operators can exchange and share information and discuss related
issues. DNSOPS.JP holds a BoF (Birds of a Feather) forum for technical presentations anddiscussions twice a year. Also, in 2012, it started a new initiative to hold an annual DNS Summer
Days, a two-day event consisting of tutorials and workshops relating to DNS.
In the tutorial within DNS Summer Days 2014 held for two days from June 26, Takafumi Mizunoof JPRS made a tutorial entitled An Introduction to DNS Operations for Beginners and talked
about possible troubles in DNS operations and the keys to eﬀective troubleshooting. Kazunori
Fujiwara of JPRS also presented DNS-OARC/RIPE68 report and Expected Time to Implement
and Inject Attacks Written in wikipedia DNS̲spooﬁng and Optimization of Attack Tools.

*1 JANOG: JApan Network Operators' Group
http://www.janog.gr.jp/en/*2 DNSOPS.JP: DNS Operators Group, Japan
http://dnsops.jp/ (in Japanese)
18 Registry Report（3）Participation in ICANN Readout Sessionss
Since 2001, JPRS has been reporting the latest topics including ccTLD trends to the JapaneseInternet community at ICANN Readout Sessions held jointly by JPNIC and IAjapan. The sessions
were held in January, May and August 2014, where JPRS reported the latest developments andissues of the following organizations and discussed the key agenda matters of ICANN with theother participants.
・ ccNSO (Country-Code Names Supporting Organization)
・ RySG (Registries Stakeholder Group)
・ NTAG (New TLD Applicant Group)
・ RSSAC (DNS Root Server System Advisory Committee)（4）Participation in IETF Update Meeting
ISOC-JP*3 was established in August 1994 and made various eﬀorts to promote the Internet in
Japan as the Japan Chapter of ISOC*4. There was a time when ISOC-JP was temporarily inactive.
However, ISOC-JP resumed its activity thanks to volunteers who realized its importance, and in2012 it was approved as the Japan Chapter again. In 2014, Takaharu Ui of JPRS contributed tothe activities of ISOC-JP as a board member.
ISOC-JP and JPNIC jointly organized three IETF Update Meetings in 2014, and Kazunori
Fujiwara of JPRS gave a presentation entitled Topics Related to DNS and reported on thedevelopment of discussions on DNS including the status of related working groups.
In addition, he shared the issues on DNS in recent years and the latest technical update in thelecture entitled DNS Evening ― Security and Technology Trend at the 1st ISOC-JP Study
Meeting.

*3 ISOC-JP: The Internet Society Japan Chapter
http://www.isoc.jp/ (in Japanese)*4 ISOC : Internet Society
http://www.internetsociety.org/
Registry Report19

01 Registry Activities（5）Participation in Expert Team on Name Collision
As the New gTLD Program advances, a number of gTLDs have been delegated in the root zone
consecutively since 2013. With this, new gTLDs that had not existed on the Internet in the past
became available, and a security issue called Name Collision has emerged.
With this background, JPNIC established Expert Team on Reviewing Risks and Developing
Countermeasures on the Introduction of Large-scale New gTLDs*5. JPRS sent Shinta Sato and
Takayasu Matsuura to the team to participate in the study of the name collision issue and thedevelopment of measures against the issue. JPRS also contributed to the outreach activities of
the team. The report of the team was published by JPNIC in June 2014.
In addition, JPRS translated a guide for experts which had originally been published by ICANN
and publicly posted the translation for system administrators in Japan*6.

（6）Engagement in Domain Name Policy Committee of Information and Communications Council,
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
At the General Meeting of the Information and Communications Council held on October 1, 2013,
the Minister of Internal Aﬀairs and Communications asked the Council about the whole conceptof reliability and transparency required in the management and administration of the ccTLD and
new gTLDs in Japan, and asked how they could be ensured. In response, the Information andCommunications Policy Committee under the Council established the Domain Name Policy
Committee. Subsequent discussions at this Committee resulted in the Information andCommunications Council s advice entitled Desirable Information and Communications Policy
Regarding Domain Names that was issued on December 18, 2014.
The Domain Name Policy Committee set up a working group with a remit to prepare a draft of theabovementioned report. The working group held four meetings from April 25 to August 25 in 2014.
As the party directly associated with the aforementioned inquiry, JPRS provided information andconducted exchanges in the working group as an observer.
In addition, JPRS submitted its comments in response to Request for Comments on the Draft
Report of the Domain Name Policy Committee published by the Information and Communications
Council on October 7, 2014.
http://jprs.co.jp/topics/2014/141107.html (in Japanese)*5 Expert Team on Reviewing Risks and Developing Countermeasures on the Introduction of Large-scale New gTLDs
https://www.nic.ad.jp/ja/topics/2014/20140121-01.html (in Japanese)*6 Japanese translation of Guide to Name Collision Identification and Mitigation for IT Professionals
http://jprs.jp/tech/material/name-collision-mitigation-05dec13-ja-1.0.pdf (in Japanese)
20 Registry Report

（7）Engagement in U.S.-Japan Internet Economy Industry Forum Joint Statement
The policymakers of Japan and the United States have held the U.S.-Japan Policy Cooperation
Dialogue on the Internet Economy (IED: Internet Economy Dialogue) as the Director
General-level meeting, and exchanged opinions on the issues surrounding the Internet since
2010.
In line with this, the Japan Business Federation (Keidanren) and the American Chamber ofCommerce in Japan (ACCJ) have issued private-sector joint statements as recommendations to
the two governments*7. Work related to the statement is conducted by the U.S.-Japan Internet
Economy Industry Forum of the Planning Subcommittee within the Committee on Information andTelecommunication Policy at Keidanren. JPRS has been participating in the forum and thesubcommittee.
At the US-Japan IED meeting held in Washington D.C. in the United States for two days from
September 16, 2014, a private-sector joint statement discussing the following four points wasproduced. JPRS drafted the part about IANA stewardship transition.
1. ITU Plenipotentiary Meeting
2. IANA stewardship transition
3. Cybersecurity
4. Protection of personal information（8）Participation in Internet Governance Conference Japan
Internet Governance Conference Japan (IGCJ*8) was formed in June 2014 with the following two
objectives. It conducted information-sharing and discussions at its meetings held in August,October and November.
1. To construct a platform in Japan for well-informed considerations of Internet governance issues
2. As appropriate, to make recommendations on Internet governance issues for in-country
stakeholders and the global arena
JPRS has participated in the IGCJ since its ﬁrst meeting and has actively discussed the ideal
approach of the conference. In particular, it is taking part in considering how the IGCJ shouldcater to participants with diﬀerent backgrounds and how it should clarify its mission and long-termgoals.

*7
http://www.keidanren.or.jp/en/policy/2014/079.html*8 IGCJ: Internet Governance Conference Japan
http://igcj.jp/ (in Japanese)

Registry Report21

01 Registry Activities

01・5

Overview of this Term s Activities andChallenges for the Future

JPRS has constantly worked to strike a proper balance among reliability, stability, usability, andfee performance, which constitute the basis of JP domain name registry services, while also
improving each of the four values.
To respond to expanding needs and enhance the usability of the JP Domain Name, JPRS
introduced Japanese characters into the Prefecture Labels of the Prefecture Type JP Domain
Name in November 2014. The Prefecture Type JP Domain Name was created in November 2012
with the Prefecture Labels in alphabet only. However, there were requests from parties including
registrants for Prefecture Labels in Japanese. JPRS therefore introduced Japanese characters
into the labels to meet such needs.
In addition, JPRS reviewed the balance between disclosure of registration information andprotection of personal information in response to rising concern over personal information anddemand for its protection. As a result, JPRS started to provide an optional function that allows
registrants to hide their registrant name from Whois record for their domain name.
Utilizing its expertise as the JP domain name registry, JPRS worked to disseminate informationand promote understanding of domain names and DNS at various events and conferences at home
and abroad.
2014 saw, among other things, a number of attacks targeting the basic structure of DNS andincidents threatening the stable operation of DNS. These troubles involved either domain namehijackings that abusively changed the registration information maintained by registries orregistrars, a serious vulnerability of DNS software that needed an urgent response, or namecollision issue associated with the introduction of new gTLDs. In response, JPRS collaborated
with other related organizations to remind the community of the issues and propose
countermeasures for ensuring stable DNS operations.
Recognizing the growing importance of Internet-related education in schools, JPRS has
distributed a free booklet on how the Internet works to educational institutions across Japan for
ﬁve years in a row as part of its Internet-related educational support activities. As a result, thenumber of copies distributed in these ﬁve years amounted to over 130,000. JPRS also provided
free JP domain names to junior and senior high school students that participated in a Web
contest.
The Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred in 2011 has added further weight to need for the
reliability and stability of the Internet infrastructure. To ensure continuity of service in case ofdisaster and strengthen the operational infrastructure, JPRS worked on optimizing the functionallayout between the base in Tokyo and the disaster recovery site in Kansai area which wasestablished for fully duplicating the operation base and registry system.
For the future, JPRS plans to further reinforce and implement the disaster service structure. It will
enhance the security and reliability of its services through such measures as a new function toforestall unintended alteration of domain name registration information. In addition, JPRS willcontinue to disseminate information on DNS technology through advisories on vulnerability andreminders to ensure the stable operation of DNS.
As the registry of JP domain names, JPRS will continue its eﬀorts to provide better and stable
services.

22 Registry Report

02 Statistical Information

Change in the Cumulative Number ofRegistered JP Domain Names

02・1

As of January 1, 2015, the cumulative number of registered JP domain names reached 1,387,501,
an increase of 31,399 in one year.
150(Number of names)
Organizational/Geographic Type135

General-use

120

Prefecture Type

105
90
75
60
45
30
15
1993/01 1994/01 1995/01 1996/01 1997/01 1998/01 1999/01 2000/01 2001/01 2002/01 2003/01 2004/01 2005/01 2006/01 2007/01 2008/01 2009/01 2010/01 2011/01 2012/01 2013/01 2014/01 2015/01(Number of names)

Month/Year

Organizational/
Geographic Type

Prefecture Type
General-use(Japanese domain name) (Japanese domain name)

Total

1993/01

953

953

1994/01

1,341

1,341

1995/01

2,206

2,206

1996/01

4,781

4,781

1997/01

15,477

15,477

1998/01

33,73933,7391999/01

58,54958,5492000/01

124,573

124,573

2001/01

234,294234,294

2002/01

283,340

183,499（ 61,507）

466,839

2003/01

297,413205,493（ 51,544）

502,906

2004/01

309,193245,100（ 45,402）

554,2932005/01

327,742

317,455（ 63,324）

645,197

2006/01

346,340

439,784（116,602）

786,124

2007/01

363,768

518,557（124,153）

882,325

2008/01

378,903609,983（141,858）

988,886

2009/01

389,598

674,133（134,921）

1,063,731

2010/01

399,339

740,820（133,754）

1,140,159

2011/01

406,856

791,249（123,711）

1,198,105

2012/01

413,332

845,054（119,337）

1,258,386

2013/01

421,606

888,657（122,394）

8,452（1,915）

1,318,715

2014/01

428,467

915,854（126,182）

11,781（2,948）

1,356,102

2015/01

435,390

940,427（120,801）

11,684（3,117）

1,387,501*Please refer to Domain Name Statistics (http://jprs.co.jp/en/stat/) for the latest information.
Registry Report23

02 Statistical Information

02・2

Breakdown of the Cumulative Number ofRegistered JP Domain Names*As of January 1, 2015

Prefecture Type

0.8%

Organizational/
Geographic
Type

ED：1.1%
GO：0.1%
GR：1.6%
LG：0.4%
NE：3.4%
OR：7.2%

CO：84.8%

31.4%

General-use

Geographic Type：0.6%
AC：0.8%67.8%

AD：0.1%(Number of names)

JP Domain Name Types
AC: Higher education institution
AD: JPNIC Member
CO: Company
ED: Primary school, junior and senior high school

Organizational/
Geographic Type

1 Jan 2015
Number ofRegistrations

Difference

3,525

3,536

ー 11

259

261

ー2

369,071362,364+ 6,707

4,976

4,832

+ 144

600

621

ー 21

GR: Group

6,807

7,072

ー 265

LG: Japanese local authority

1,841

1,840

+1

GO: Japanese government

NE: Network service

14,71015,345ー 635

OR: Corporation other than company

31,17930,116+ 1,063

2,422

2,480

ー 58

Geographic Type

General-use(Japanese domain name)940,427（120,801）

915,854（126,182）+ 24,573（ー 5,381）

Prefecture Type
(Japanese domain name)11,684（3,117）

11,781（2,948）ー 97（+ 169）Total JP Domain Name Registration

1,387,501*Please refer to Domain Name Statistics (http://jprs.co.jp/en/stat/) for the latest information.

24 Registry Report

1 Jan 2014
Number ofRegistrations

1,356,102+ 31,399

02・3

Number of JP Domain Name Registrations
by Prefecture
As of January 1, 2015＊

Prefecture

Organizational/ Geographic Type

General-use

Prefecture Type

Hokkaido

2.8%

2.0%

1.9%

Aomori

0.5%

0.3%

0.4%

Iwate

0.4%

0.3%

0.3%

Miyagi

1.3%

0.8%

0.6%

Akita

0.4%

0.2%

0.3%

Yamagata

0.6%

0.3%

0.3%

Fukushima

0.8%

0.5%

0.4%

Ibaraki

1.4%

1.0%

0.5%

Tochigi

1.0%

0.5%

0.7%

Gunma

1.1%

0.7%

1.3%

Saitama

4.2%

2.8%

2.9%

Chiba

3.2%

2.4%

2.9%

Tokyo

32.6%

43.3%

42.2%

Kanagawa

6.7%

5.2%

6.2%

Niigata

1.2%

0.7%

0.7%

Toyama

0.7%

0.4%

0.5%

Ishikawa

0.7%

0.5%

0.3%

Fukui

0.5%

0.4%

0.2%

Yamanashi

0.5%

0.4%

0.4%

Nagano

1.4%

0.9%

0.8%

Gifu

1.2%

0.7%

0.7%

Shizuoka

2.2%

1.5%

1.2%

Aichi

5.5%

3.6%

2.9%

Mie

0.8%

0.5%

0.7%

Shiga

0.6%

0.5%

0.8%

Kyoto

2.1%

3.3%

6.1%

Osaka

9.5%

13.5%

8.2%

Hyogo

3.1%

2.4%

1.7%

Nara

0.6%

0.6%

1.4%

Wakayama

0.4%

0.3%

0.3%

Tottori

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

Shimane

0.3%

0.2%

0.1%

Okayama

1.1%

0.9%

0.4%

Hiroshima

1.6%

1.0%

1.7%

Yamaguchi

0.5%

0.4%

0.3%

Tokushima

0.3%

0.3%

0.1%

Kagawa

0.5%

0.4%

0.4%

Ehime

0.6%

0.5%

0.5%

Kochi

0.3%

0.2%

0.2%

Fukuoka

3.1%

2.6%

4.2%

Saga

0.3%

0.2%

0.2%

Nagasaki

0.5%

0.4%

0.3%

Kumamoto

0.7%

0.6%

0.6%

Oita

0.4%

0.3%

0.5%

Miyazaki

0.4%

0.5%

0.4%

Kagoshima

0.5%

0.4%

0.5%

Okinawa

0.6%

0.5%

1.6%
Registry Report25

02 Statistical Information

Transition of DNS Conﬁguration Rate

02・4

*As of January 1, 2015

100

(%)

90
80

70
Organizational/Geographic Type60

General-use
Prefecture Type50

2011/01

2012/01

2013/01

2014/01

2015/01

Year/Month

Organizational/Geographic Type

General-use

2011/01

98.7%

93.1%

2012/01

98.9%

93.9%

2013/01

99.0%

95.3%

71.0%

2014/01

99.0%

95.6%

86.9%

2015/01

99.0%

96.0%

89.9%

26 Registry Report

Prefecture Type

02・5

Number of Accredited JP Registrars

Organizational/Geographic Type600

General-use

Prefecture Type

(Number of Registrars)

500
400
300
200
100
0

2001/04 2002/04 2003/04 2004/04 2005/04 2006/04 2007/04 2008/04 2009/04 2010/04 2011/04 2012/04 2013/04 2014/04 2015/04(Number of Registrars)

Year/Month

Organizational/
Geographic Type

General-use

Prefecture Type443

2001/04

Total
443

490

490

2003/01

560

546

1,106

2004/01

557

559

1,116

2005/01

553

564

1,117

2006/01

562

576

1,138

2007/01

559

572

1,131

2008/01

557

573

1,130

2009/01

558

577

1,135

2010/01

555

577

1,132

2011/01

563

582

1,145

2012/01

571

590

1,161

2013/01

566

586

197

1,349

2014/01

564

582

227

1,373

2015/01

560

577

241

1,378

2002/01＊The number of JP Registrars for the Organizational/Geographic Type JP domain names is the figure after April 2002 when management andadministration was transferred from JPNIC to JPRS.

Registry Report27

02 Statistical Information

Number of Complaints Based on JP Domain Name
Dispute Resolution Policy (JP-DRP)

02・6

16

(Number of cases)

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

(Number of cases)

Year

Number

2000

2

2001

11

2002

6

2003

7

2004

4

2005

11

2006

8

2007

10

2008

3

2009

9

2010

7

2011

12

2012

15

2013

10

2014

7

＊For details of domain name disputes, please refer to theDomain Name Dispute Resolution Policy(DRP) posted by Japan Network Information Center (https://www.nic.ad.jp/en/drp/)

28 Registry Report

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

03 Reference

03・1
2000
2001
2002

2003

2004

Dec.
Feb.
Apr.
May
Feb.
Apr.
Oct.
Jan.
Jun.
Jul.
Dec.
Feb.
Jul.
Dec.

2005

Jan.
Jun.
Dec.

2006

Jan.
Apr.
Sep.

Nov.
Dec.
2007

2008
2009
2010
2011

2012

2013
2014

Jan.
Mar.
Dec.
Mar.
Jun.
Oct.
Apr.
Nov.
May
Jan.
Feb.
Sep.
Jul.
Aug.
Sep.
Nov.
Mar.
Nov.
Nov.

History
JPRS was established.
General-use JP Domain Priority Registration Application started.
General-use JP Domain Concurrent Registration Application started.
General-use JP Domain First-Come First-Served Registration Application started.
ccTLD Sponsorship Agreement was concluded with ICANN.
Management and administration of .JP TLD was transferred from JPNIC to JPRS.
LG.JP was established.
JPRS started distributing a plug-in for Microsoft Internet Explorer®, i-Nav™.
The cumulative number of JP domain names exceeded 500,000.
JPRS received the approval from ICANN to start IDN service.
RFC-based Japanese JP Domain Name registration service started.
Japanese JP Access Site (http://jajp.jp/) for mobile phones was established.
IP Anycast technology was introduced in JP DNS service ([a.dns.jp] [d.dns.jp]).
Nihongo JP Navi service was started.
JP domain name started full support for IPv6, for the ﬁrst time in the world as a TLD.
The portal site Nihongo dot JP (http://日本語.jp/) for promoting Japanese JP Domain Name
was launched.
The portal site Jinmei Jiten dot JP (http://人名辞典.jp/) to introduce Japanese JP domainnames using personal names was launched.
Work on eliminating risks due to improper management of DNS servers was started.
Eki Machi Guide dot JP (http://駅街ガイド.jp/), which provides information on areas aroundstations using Japanese JP domain names consisting of station names throughout Japan, started.
JPRS started operation of the M-Root DNS server in cooperation with the WIDE Project.
JPRS started deleting improper DNS server registrations.
JPRS shortened the processing time for JP DNS update.
JPRS changed the number of GO.JP domain names which each government organization canregister.
Japanese JP domain names (for public administration, judiciary and legislative process)reserved for the government were released for relevant government organizations.
The cumulative number of registered General-use JP domain names exceeded 500,000.
JPRS published guidelines for making URLs consisting of Japanese domain names clickable inemail text.
The cumulative number of registered CO.JP domain names exceeded 300,000.
Procedure for recovering deleted domain name registration was introduced for General-use JP
Domain Name.
IP Anycast technology was introduced to the JP DNS service ([e.dns.jp]).
The cumulative number of registered JP domain names exceeded one million.
JPRS started the real-time application process service for CO.JP Domain Name.
The JP DNS server conﬁguration was changed (c.dns.jp and g.dns.jp added).
JPRS announced its participation in the BIND 10 development project.
JPRS extended the coverage of the real-time application process service.
JPRS distributed a cartoon booklet How the Internet Works free of charge to junior andsenior high schools across Japan.
JPRS deployed DNSSEC to the JP domain name service.
The cumulative number of registered JP domain names exceeded 1.2 million.
JPRS published DNS Practices, a book on DNS, written by JPRS engineers.
JPRS decided to establish Prefecture Type JP Domain Name .
Priority Registration Application of the Prefecture Type JP Domain Name started.
The cumulative number of registered JP domain names exceeded 1.3 million.
Concurrent Registration Application of the Prefecture Type JP Domain Name started.
General Registration Application of the Prefecture Type JP Domain Name started.
The cumulative number of registered Prefecture Type JP domain names exceeded 10,000.
The TTL value of the DS RR for JP DNS servers was changed.
JPRS introduced Japanese characters into the Prefecture Labels of the Prefecture Type JP
Domain Name.

Registry Report29

03 Reference

03・2

JP Domain Name Advisory Committee

The JP Domain Name Advisory Committee was established in 2002 in order to maintain fairness andneutrality of the .JP registry operations. The committee members from outside of JPRS with various
viewpoints consider policies for JP domain name services.
JP Domain Name Advisory Committee meetings are open to the public, and the minutes anddocuments are publicly accessible on the JPRS website.

（1）Consultations and Advisories
Consultation / Advisory

Consultation Date
Document No.

Advisory Date
Document No.

Introduction of Japanese labels into the second
level domain (2LD) of the Prefecture Type JP
Domain NameMay 21, 2014
JPRS-ADV-2014001

Jul. 31, 2014
JPRS-ADVRPT-2014001

Method for appointing the members of the 8th JP
Domain Name Advisory Committee

Dec. 16, 2014
JPRS-ADV-2014002(under consideration)＊For details about consultation and advisory themes, please refer to

30 Registry Report

JP Domain Name Advisory Committee (http://jprs.jp/advisory/) (in Japanese).

（2）Advisory Committee Meetings
May. 2148th JP Domain Name Advisory Committee meeting

The JPRS Board of Directors submitted an inquiry entitled Introduction of Japaneselabels into the second level domain (2LD) of Prefecture Type JP Domain Names(JPRS-ADV-2014001), and the committee members made expressed opinions on thesubject.
JPRS gave a status report on the service changes based on past advisories ( Relaxationof one-domain-name-per-organization limitation on Organizational/Geographic Type JP
Domain Names in case of organizational mergers, Protection of JP domain names andregistrants in a particular situation under the JP Registrar system and Introduction ofgreater ﬂexibility into the basic processes for JP domain name registration ). The
committee members expressed opinions on the topics from various aspects.
JPRS explained the development of the Domain Name Policy Committee
established in the Information and Communications Council of the Ministry of Internal
Aﬀairs and Communications, and the committee members exchanged views witheach other.

Jul. 18

49th JP Domain Name Advisory Committee meeting

The committee reached an consensus on the draft advisory report Introduction ofJapanese labels into the second level domain (2LD) of Prefecture Type JP Domain
Names developed according to the discussions at the 48th meeting and thereafter.
The advisory report was ﬁnalized on July 31 and delivered to JPRS after thecommittee incorporated and conﬁrmed the amendments proposed by the members
following the 49th meeting.
Due to the resignation of Mr. Ryuichi Hara from the 7th Advisory Committee as ofJune 20, the committee agreed that the chair would coordinate with NTT
Communications Corporation, which Mr.Ryuichi Hara belonged, and ask the company
to appoint one of its candidate board directors as a replacement.
To share the latest topics related to domain names, JPRS described the status of
discussions at ICANN including the rules and issues regarding Internationalized Top
Level Domain Name (IDN TLD) strings. The committee exchanged opinions on the
topics.

Dec. 16

50th JP Domain Name Advisory Committee meeting

It was reported that Mr. Takashi Ooi was appointed by NTT Communications as the
successor to Mr. Ryuichi Hara for the 7th Advisory Committee and that Mr. Ooi
accepted the position.
JPRS reported on its response to the advisory report Introduction of Japanese labels
into the second level domain (2LD) of Prefecture Type JP Domain Names(JPRS-ADVRPT-2014001).
The JPRS Board of Directors submitted an inquiry entitled Method for appointing themembers of the 8th JP Domain Name Advisory Committee (JPRS-ADV-2014002).
JPRS explained the background related to the composition of the JP Domain Name
Advisory Committee. Following the secretariat s report on the conclusion of theDomain Name Policy Committee of the Information and Communications Council, themembers exchanged opinions regarding the method for appointing the members of
the Advisory Committee. Then the director of the Computer Communications
Division, Telecommunications Bureau of the Ministry of Internal Aﬀairs andCommunications also presented his view. As a result, it was agreed that theJapanese government would be invited to the committee for the next term as amember, in addition to the committee s existing six member organizations/sectors.
To share information on troubles related to the Internet, the committee member Ms.
Taeko Yuine, the board director of the Nippon Association of Consumer Specialists,
explained the results of consultations on Internet Trading Emergency Hotline. The
committee members exchanged opinions on the topic.
Registry Report31

03 Reference

03・3

Proposals and Presentations*Original materials are written in English, unless otherwise specified.

Date
Jan. 14

Title
Report on ccNSO-related Issues (in Japanese)At

Hosted by

38th ICANN Readout Session

JPNIC/IAjapan

38th ICANN Readout Session

JPNIC/IAjapan

IPv6 Summit in SAPPORO 2014

IAjapan/LOCAL*1

APTLD Meeting

APTLD

APTLD Meeting

APTLD

Latest Developments in the Registry Stakeholder Group

Jan. 14(RySG) and New TLD Applicant Group (NTAG)(in Japanese)

Feb. 1Feb. 21Feb. 21

DNS Hot Topics (in Japanese)
Status report of APTLD Mission and Objective Working
Group
Introducing Digital Certiﬁcate for Registrar
Authentication in JP Registry System

Feb. 21Feb. 27

DS TTL shortening experience in .JP

APTLD Meeting

APTLD

DS TTL shortening experience in .JP

APRICOT2014 DNS session

APIA*2/APNIC*3

Apr. 10

Coping with Abuses - as a "Domain Name" Registry -CeCOS VIII

APWG

Update on Privacy and Other Topics Related to DNSIETF Update Meeting(in Japanese)(89th, London)

Analysis of DITL root data and comparison with

DNS-OARC Spring 2014

full-resolver's data.

Workshop

Report on ccNSO-related Issues (in Japanese)

39th ICANN Readout Session

JPNIC/IAjapan

Tour de Table: .JP

CENTR Marketing Workshop

CENTR

Tour de Table: .JP

CENTR Admin Workshop

CENTR

CENTR Admin Workshop

CENTR

DNS Summer Days 2014

DNSOPS.JPDNS Summer Days 2014

DNSOPS.JPDNS Summer Days 2014

DNSOPS.JP

JANOG34 Meeting

JANOG

IEPG Meeting

IEPG*4IETF 90 dnsop WG

IETF

1st ISOC-JP Study Meeting

ISOC-JPTW Registrar Meeting

TWNIC*540th ICANN Debrieﬁng Session

JPNIC/IAjapan

40th ICANN Debrieﬁng Session

JPNIC/IAjapan

Apr. 11
May 11
May 19Jun. 2
Jun. 3
Jun. 3Nation-wide discussion on the reliability andtransparency of registry management

ISOC-JP/JPNIC
DNS-OARC

An Introduction to DNS Operations for Beginners ‒Jun. 26

Troubles and Keys to Eﬀective Troubleshooting ‒(in Japanese)

Jun. 27

DNS-OARC/RIPE68 report (in Japanese)
Expected Time to Implement and Inject Attacks Written

Jun. 27

in wikipedia DNS̲spooﬁng and Optimization of Attack
Tools (in Japanese)

Jul. 17
Jul. 20
Jul. 22
Jul. 29
Aug. 15
Aug. 19
Aug. 19
Aug. 25

How to Address Security Issues ― Taking on Cache
Poisoning Method ― (in Japanese)
Redirecting the target domain's nameserver cachepoisoning attacks
draft-fujiwara-dnsop-poisoning-mearures-00
DNS Evening ― Security and Technology Trend(in Japanese)
What's new in .JP
Update on ICANN Root Server System Advisory
Committee (RSSAC) (in Japanese)
Report on ccNSO-related Issues (in Japanese)

Report on IETF 90 (Toronto) ― Topics Related to DNS IETF Update Meeting(in Japanese)
Has the Root Been Eliminated? ― Revisiting DNS

Sep. 12

Cache Poisoning and Countermeasures ―(in Japanese)

32 Registry Report(90th, Toronto)

ISOC-JP/JPNIC

Technical Committee on
2nd Meeting in 2014, Technical Internet Architecture, The
Institute of Electronics,
Committee on Internet
Information andCommunication
Architecture
Engineers*6

Date
Sep. 15
Sep. 27
Sep. 27
Oct. 12Oct. 15
Nov. 19
Nov. 19
Nov. 19

Title
ccNSO Update

Study DNS Basics in 30 Minutes ― for DNS Beginners SECCON 2014 Nagano, DNS(in Japanese)
DNS Waterboarding Attacks (in Japanese)

SECCON 2014

Security Challenge

Steering Committee*7

SECCON 2014 Nagano, DNS

SECCON 2014

Security Challenge

Steering Committee

DNS-OARC 2014 Fall

analysis

WorkshopPrefecture-type JP domain names and its IDN version

ccNSO Members Meeting

ccNSO

New gTLD Update (in Japanese)

41st ICANN Readout Session

JPNIC/IAjapan

Update on RSSAC (in Japanese)

41st ICANN Readout Session

JPNIC/IAjapan

Report on ccNSO-related Issues (in Japanese)

41st ICANN Readout Session

JPNIC/IAjapan

Threats to DNS and Their Categorization (in Japanese)

Nov. 20

Security Issues Caused by DNS Operations
How to Live with Immature DNS ― Delegation
Injection/Transfer Injection and DNS Waterboarding(Slow Drip) Attacks (in Japanese)

Nov. 20

JP DNS Update (in Japanese)

Nov. 20

DNS update ― Domain Names (in Japanese)

Nov. 20

Monitoring Authoritative DNS (in Japanese)
Addressing DNS Security Issues ― from the Viewpoint

Nov. 20

Hosted by
APTLD

2014 Root DITL Data analysis and TLD popularity

Nov. 20

Nov. 20At
APTLD Meetingof DNS Operators (Domain Name Registries)(in Japanese)

Internet Week 2014
Tutorial
Internet Week 2014
DNS Security
Internet Week 2014
Lunch Seminar
Internet Week 2014
DNS DAY
Internet Week 2014
DNS DAY
Internet Week 2014
DNS DAY
Internet Week 2014
DNS DAY

DNS-OARC

JPNIC
JPNIC

JPNIC

JPNIC
JPNIC
JPNIC

JPNIC

Preliminary Report of DNS Statistical Research, aNov. 20

Topic for DNS-OARC2014, ICANN51 and IETF91

DNSOPS.JP BoF

DNSOPS.JP

IW2014 IP Meeting

JPNIC(in Japanese)

Nov. 21
Dec. 19

Wrap-up of IW2014 Sessions!
It was the DNS Day (in Japanese)
Report on IETF 91 ― Topics Related to DNS ―IETF Update Meeting(in Japanese)(91st, Honolulu)

ISOC-JP/JPNIC*1 LOCAL
http://www.local.or.jp/ (in Japanese)*2 APIA: Asia Pacific Internet Association
http://www.apia.org/*3 APNIC: Asia Pacific Network Information Centre
http://www.apnic.net/*4 IEPG
http://www.iepg.org/*5 TWNIC: Taiwan Network Information Center
http://www.twnic.net.tw/*6 Technical Committee on Internet Architecture, the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers
http://www.ieice.org/%7Eia/eng/*7 SECCON 2014 Steering Committee
http://2014.seccon.jp/committee.html (in Japanese)
Registry Report33

03 Reference

03・4

Press Releases

Date

Title

Feb. 24

JPRS Supports “16th Japan Junior/Senior High School Web Contest” and Presents “Best Domain
Naming Award (JPRS Special Award)”‒ Supporting the Internet education of young people by offering experience of using JP domain names ‒(in Japanese)

Mar. 27“JP Domain Name Registry Report 2013” Published Today‒ Prefecture Type JP Domain Names exceed 10,000, and distribution of free educational materials to
educational institutions totals 100,000 copies ‒ (in Japanese)

Apr. 25

JPRS to provide Japan's first operational scheme to support new gTLD registrations‒ Forming Domestic Business Alliance: Joint Effort with MIS ‒May 15JPRS Distributes Free Graphic Comic-style Booklet on “How the Internet Works” to Educational
Institutions in Japan for five years in a row‒ In line with “Info-Communications Promotion Month,” an initiative to spread and promote information
communication ‒ (in Japanese)

Jun. 9Expert Team on Name Collision with JPRS as Member Publishes Report‒ Outlining the issues arising with the introduction of new gTLDs and recommending measures to betaken by concerned parties including managers of enterprise networks ‒ (in Japanese)

Aug. 27

JPRS to Introduce Japanese Characters into Prefecture Labels of Prefecture Type JP Domain Names‒ Starting to accept registration applications from November 2014 ‒ (in Japanese)

Nov. 4

JPRS Introduces Japanese Characters into Prefecture Labels of Prefecture Type JP Domain Names*Please refer to Press Release (http://jprs.co.jp/en/press/) for the latest releases in English.

34 Registry Report03・5

Provision of Technical Information Related to DNS*Original materials are written in Japanese.

Date

Title

Jan. 14(Urgent) Vulnerability of BIND 9.x (DNS Service Outage) (Published on January 14, 2014)

May 9(Urgent) Vulnerability of BIND 9.10.0 (DNS Service Outage) (Published on May 9, 2014)

May 30Measures against Cache Poisoning Attacks for Authoritative DNS Server Operators ― BasicCountermeasures

May 30(Urgent) Rechecking of DNS Server Settings Strongly Recommended Due to Increased Risk of Cache
Poisoning Attacks (Updated on May 30, 2014)

Jun. 12(Urgent) Vulnerability of BIND 9.10.x (DNS Service Outage) (Published on June 12, 2014)

Sep. 11

Vulnerability of PowerDNS Recursor (DNS Service Outage) (Published on September 11, 2014)

Nov. 5(Urgent) Facts and Countermeasures: Domain Name Hijacking through Unauthorized Alteration ofRegistration Information (Published on November 5, 2014)

Dec. 9Vulnerability of BIND 9.10.x (DNS Service Outage) (Published on December 9, 2014)

Dec. 25(Urgent) Vulnerability of Multiple DNS Software Products (Excess Consumption of System Resources)(Updated on December 25, 2014)*For the latest information, please refer to the Technical Information Related to DNS (http://jprs.jp/tech/) (in Japanese).

Registry Report35About JPRSJPRS provides domain name services such as domain name management, administrationand distribution, and also performs domain name system (DNS) operations.
In addition, JPRS is engaged in research and development of various Internet technologies.

Domain Name Management and Administration
JPRS manages and administers domain names. In particular, JPRS plays an important role as theregistry of JP Domain Name, or domain names of Japan. You may have seen addresses for websites
and emails such as http://○○○.jp and △△△@○○○.jp . JPRS manages and administers a partof these addresses, namely, strings in the form of ○○○.jp . Domain names are the key to accessing
the Internet. JPRS is constantly improving its services so that JP domain names will continue to assist
the activities of all kinds of Internet users, including companies, organizations, and individuals.

DNS Operation
DNS (Domain Name System) is a system for identifying computers connected to the Internet using
domain names, so it is sometimes referred to as the phone book for the Internet.
If DNS were to fail, people would not be able to access websites or exchange emails using domainnames. To prevent such a catastrophe, JPRS has established a 24/7/365 system to ensure stable
operation of the JP DNS for managing JP domain names.

R&D of Internet Technologies and International Activities to Support the Internet
JPRS takes an active part in the research and development of advanced technologies to promptly
respond to changes in the Internet environment and social needs. Speciﬁcally, it conducts technicalveriﬁcation for the smooth deployment of DNSSEC, a mechanism for improved DNS security. JPRS
is also engaged in standardization activities through contributing to internationalization of theidentiﬁers used for protocols, working out methods of resolving issues concerning DNS operations andsubmitting proposals to standardize registry technologies. JPRS actively publishes the results of these
activities and shares information at IETF and other meetings to contribute to the network society.

36 Registry ReportTranslated: 28 May 2015
Note: This English translation is provided for informational purposes only.
For accuracy, please refer to the Japanese version.
Copyright © 2015 Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
JPRS, Japan Registry Services and other trademarks, service marks and designs areregistered or unregistered trademarks of Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd. in Japanand other countries. All other trademarks not owned by Japan Registry Services Co.,
Ltd. that appear in this report are the property of their respective owners.

Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.
http://jprs.co.jp/en/