OUTCOMES AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF
BIORESOURCES AND BIODIVERSITY OF PHASE I
FOR PHASE 2: INDONESIA AND ASEAN’s PERPECTIVE

Prof. Dr. Enny Sudarmonowati

enny003@lipi.go.id; e.sudarmonowati@gmail.com

JASTIP Science and Policy Dialogue for Sustainable Development, 14 June 2021.
Side event in the 11th ASEAN STI Week, Bangkok, 14-17 June 2021

Research Topics in WP3: 3 clusters
1.
2.
3.

Biodiversity: focuses on the biodiversity exploration/prospection, monitoring, and conservation.
Biomaterials: focuses on the development of innovative utilization of biomaterials and biodiversity.
Dissemination: focuses on the utilization and diffusion of innovative technology to the society.
Joint Labs:
LIPI:1) RC Biomaterials; 2) RC Biology, 3) Center for Utilization of Scienceand Technology and Innovation (former: Center for Innovation)
Kyoto University: GSA, RISH

(modified from Watanabe & Kanzaki, 2019)

Biodiversity & Bioprospecting• Strengthening the biological diversity information database and depository• Biological resource research based on ownership of the bio-diversity andAccess and Benefit Sharing (ABS)

Bioresource Utilization• Creation of maximum values from the assembled structures of biomass• Developing various biological processing for waste management to bioenergy

Research & Dissemination• Sustainable use of peatland• Stingless Bee：Taxonomy & Ecology to Value Chain
3

JASTIP Phase I: FACTS
A. Improving from only focusing in each WP to become interlink with other
WPs and involving more ASEAN members, more institutions/universities,
more countries outside ASEAN (RoK, China, UK, USA, Australia)
B. Although certain activities have not been completed due to the nature of
the research (to be continued in the 2nd Phase), all selected activities areuseful as they tackled major problems faced in Indonesia and ASEAN
countries such as:- impact of forest fire on regeneration based on monitoring several
years → need long time regeneration- bioprospecting for high value products → bioeconomy- utilization natural resources by local community in peat swamp area →the importance of local community and traditional knowledge- utilization of biodiversity for trading and waste management using
bioresources such as microorganism especially fungi → tacklingenvironmental issue using bioresources- utilization of biomass

JASTIP Phase I: FACTS (2)•••Some of them have been informed to policy makers and have been
adapted to the policy of local government, some which have notcompleted yet but the issues need to be informed to policy makers basedon Phase I results combined with other results should be done asap →never too late as long as still relevant and timely.
Maximized the results by counterpart funding from other sources e.g.
government DIPA project to LIPI, Government special project such as
IBSAP, private sectors such as Jababeka, UNESCO funding through MAB
YSA (Man and Biosphere Young Scientist Award) 2019 winner on Whiterot fungi exploration in Berbak Sembilang Biosphere Reserve (South
Sumatra Province) for waste water treatment
Supported with projects of JASTIP-Net, small amount of funding but it hasconnected ASEAN countries and as seed money to search other funding
sources from each government and partners.

JASTIP Phase I: FACTS (3)• Enormous publications, but still lacking: the use of
research results for the basis of policy !
• On its way to contribute to SDGs achievement,
bioeconomy, green economy, circular economy.

WP 3: Bioresources and Biodiversity

JASTIP Goal and Mission

Green Economy
Circular Economy
Low Carbon Society
Biodiversity-based Value Chain
Sustainable Future
Human Security

7

Summary of 2018
Bioresources Activities
JASTIP 2018/2019
Research groups:
1. R03: Isolation, purification and characterization of laccase produced by newly isolated Indonesian fungi
2. R04: Searching and Characterization of Economically Potential Utilizations of Tropical Wood and Bamboo Species
3. R05: High Durable Wood Structure and Low Cost Wooden House
4. R06: Development of plants and wood decayed fungi for bio-attractants in wood-attacking insect
5. R07: Evaluation of termite biodiversity in urban conservation areas (UCAs) in Indonesia: Batam Island, Kuningan (WestJava), and Baturaden (Central Java)
6. R08: Development of Particleboard Using Bamboo and Waste of Corn and Natural Adhesives
7. R09: Functionalization of Lignin Isolated from Acacia mangium Black Liquor by Polymer Blending and Grafting
8. R10: Development of energy storage device from biomass
9. R11: Lignin Biodegradation by Wood Borer Beetle, Heterobostrychus aequalis
10. R12: Development of ECO-house Concepts for A Traditional-Modern Combination Design of Wooden House
Construction

JASTIP Net 2018/2019
Research groups:
1. Bioremediation of synthetic dyes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and crude oil bytropical fungi from Indonesia and Thailand(D.H.Y. Yanto, 2019)Some 2018 Activities(D.H.Y. Yanto, 2019)

Isolation, purification and characterization of laccase produced by newly isolated
Indonesian fungi (R03) (Dr. Dede Heri Yuli Yanto (RC Biomaterials LIPI), Prof. Takashi
Watanabe (RISH Kyoto Univ)

RBB
R

24
h

48
h

72
h

96
h

Contr
ol

Exploration of WRF in Toba supported by IBSAP Program, LIPI
Searching and Characterization of Economically Potential Utilization of Tropical Wood andBamboo Species (R04) (Dr. Wahyu Dwianto – RC Biomaterials, Prof. Junji Sugiyama (RISH
Kyoto Univ)

Some 2018 Activities(D.H.Y. Yanto, 2019)

High Durable Wood Structure and Low Cost Wooden House (R05)
Agung Sumarno (RC Biomaterials LIPI), Dr. Akihisa Kitamori (RISH Kyoto Univ)

Development of particleboard using bamboo and waste of corn
and natural adhesives (Prof. Subyakto (RC Biomaterials), Dr. Kenji Umemura(RISH Kyoto Univ)

Partly supported by DIPA LIPI program2019-2020(D.H.Y. Yanto, 2019)▪

2019 - 2020:

1.
2.
3.
4.

R03: Production of laccase enzyme from tropical fungi and their application into textile wastes.
R04: Exploration and utilization of bioresources, development of fast growing plantinum teak wood
R05: Publication
R06: quantification of potential compound in fungal extract and to develop the potential compound forbioattractant of fungi
5. R07: Identification of termite samples in species
6. R08: Particleboard from corn stalk and sembilang bamboo with compositions (bamboo : corn stalk =100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100) using citric acid adhesive will be made. The physical and mechanicalproperties will be tested in accordance with the JIS A5908 standard
7. R09: Characterization of grafting lignin and PVA, enzymatic hydrolysis of pulp kraft bagasse sorghumwith addition of grafted PVA-lignin
8. R10: Production of supercapacitor from activated carbon of oil palm empty fruit bunch in the nano size
particles. The result will be compared with that of micro size particles
9. R11: Analysis of lignocellulose components, NMR analysis, and neutral sugar analysis
10. R12: wood densification for flooring, CLT and LVL for walls, fast growing teak for wooden structural,and bamboo lamination for door and windows' frame▪ JASTIP net:
1. To continue research for wastewater treatment application in textile home industry or inriver/lake. Moreover, optimization of other tropical fungi for bio-decolorization andbiodegradation process will be conducted.

Biodiversity & Bioprospecting
Bioprospecting: Discovery of (+)-2,2’-epicytoskyrin as an antibiotic
candidate: oral toxicity test and inhibition of abcess formation :Preliminari Screening for Antibiotic and Antioxidant
Substance
More than 800 microbial isolates have been
screened for their antimicrobial and antioxidant
activities (2006 – 2015)

Medicinal plant

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

7.
8.
9.

Rennellia eliptica
Rennellia speciosa
Uncaria gambier
Tinospora crispa
Archangelisia flava
Garcinia
mangostana
Curcumaaeruginosa
Camellia cinensis
Cinnamomum
burmannii, etc.

12(Agusta, 2018)

(Example of othersource of funding:
UNESCO, MAB YSAAward, 2019)

Isolation, Screening, and Assessment of White-rot Fungi
in Berbak Sembilang Biosphere Reserve for Their
Potency in Wastewater Treatment

Berbak – Sembilang Biosphere Reserve

1.

2.
3.
4.
5.

(D.H.Y. Yanto, 2019)

Indonesia is home to the largest peat swamp and mangrove forest (49%) in Asia which the largest is locatedin Berbak National Park within Berbak and Sembilang Biosphere Reserve. One of the newest
designated biosphere reserve by UNESCO in 2018 within the Man and Biosphere (MAB)
Program.
It is located on the south-east coast of Sumatera, Jambi and South Sumatra Province, Indonesia
which includes Berbak and Sembilang national parks and two wildlife reserves.
The total area of Berbak and Sembilang biosphere reserve is 3,819,837 ha which is dominatedby peat swamp forest, freshwater swamp forest and mangroves around 350,000 ha.
These areas have an important role for biodiversity conservation as it has diverse and wide rangeof rare and endangered species as well as undisturbed peat swamp forest ecosystems.
However, this biosphere reserve is threatened by extensive agricultural development, illegal
logging, draining and burning of many adjacent swamp forests

(Example of othersource of funding:
UNESCO, MAB YSAAward, 2019)

Isolation, Screening, and Assessment of White-rot Fungi
in Berbak Sembilang Biosphere Reserve for Their
Potency in Wastewater Treatment (2)Control Decolorization and lignin degradation
after treated by fungi

Isolation and Screening in Lab

Sample collection (175)(D.H.Y. Yanto, 2019)

More than 23 Isolates showed thepotency for lignin-degrading andtextile dyes-decolorizing fungi

(Example ofcounterpart
funding)

Bioremediation of synthetic dyes, polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and crude oilby tropical fungi from Indonesia and Thailand(JASTIP-NET)
LIPI (Indonesia), RISH – Kyoto Univ (Japan),Chulalongkorn Univ (Thailand), USM (Malaysia)

Real Textile Wastewater Application
Supported by Center of Excellent for Lignocellulose (RCBiomaterials), JASTIP, IBSAP LIPI, and PT Jababeka
Infrastructure (Company). This July 2021: pilot scale in
Pekalongan City and Central Java Province

Dr. Dede and Team
when applied RDBC

Waste Water Treatment Plant PT Jababeka Infrastruktur
A
B
C
D
E
F

G

H

I
Biological Treatment =RDBC

A = Pump Station
B = Grit Chamber
C = Primary Settling Tank

(D.H.Y. Yanto, 2019)

D = Oxidation Ditch
E = Collecting Box
F = Secondary Settling Tank I = Return Sludge

G = Sludge (Alternative Material)
H = Belt Filter PressOUTPUTS: Some Publications + broadened networking(outcomes) Bioresources
Bioremediation of real wastewater from textile and batik industries in Indonesia
by white rot fungi: LIPI, RISH-KU, USM Malaysia, KNU RoK
Published in:a)Journal of Hazardous Materials (2021): 405: 124176 (IF 9.038) and collaborating with
RISH Kyoto Univ, Japan and KNU RoKb)Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery (2020): 1-10. (IF. 2.602)
Characterization and conversion of tropical plant resources to functional materials: LIPI,
Nanjing Forestry University, UPM Malaysia, Univ.of Melbourne, UK, NACE (USA)Published ina) Journal of Adhesive and adhesion (IF 2.671) collaborating with RISH Kyoto Univ.
b) Journal of Material Science and Engineering (IF 0.98)c) Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research, 7 (1): 59-70, 2020.
d) Journal of Biodiversitas, 21 (7) : 2893-2899, 2020.
e) Journal of Biosciences, 27 (3) : 247-257, 2020. (IF 1.645)f) IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 591 (2020) 012040, doi:10.1088/17551315/591/1/012040.
g) IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 591 (2020) 012035, doi:10.1088/17551315/591/1/012035.
(D.H.Y. Yanto, 2019)OUTPUTS: Some Publications + broadened networking(outcomes) Bioresources

Biology and management of wood attacking insects important for global economy
BY: LIPI, IPB Univ, RISH KU, GSA KU, KUAS, Nara National Museum, USM Malaysia
Published in:a) Insects (2021) (IF: 2.220) and collaborating with RISH-Kyoto Univ. and Kyoto Gakuen Univ.
b) Biodiversitas (2020)(IF 1.017) and collaborating with IPB University.

Development of highly durable low cost-house and novel wood composites using
tropical plant resources
BY: LIPI, RISH, KU, Osaka Sangyo Univ., Hiroshima Univ., LERMAB, Lorraine

Univ, France

Published in:a) IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 572 (2020) 012005.
b) IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 460 (2020) 012009.
c) Jurnal Sylva Lestari 2020; 8 (3): 340-350.

(D.H.Y. Yanto, 2019)Some Publications: BIODIVERSITY: WILDLIFE AND FOREST MONITORING:
Plant Diversity of Kalimantan: profiling and mapping of habitat loss → monitoring permanent plot forest fire in
Kalimantan (Bukit Bangkirai)
Genome Resource Bank Center as the Backbone of future Indonesian wildlife+ Poster presentation in 6th JASTIP International Symposium held in Jakarta on 1st November
2018. Semiadi et al.,: The Identification of origin for confiscated Slow Loris using molecularapproach.”+ data base and research results of biodiversity monitoring: on going(Susanti, 2018)

Some Publications: BIODIVERSITY →BIOPROSPECTING
1.
2.

3.

4.

5.
6.

Kamitakahara H, Okayama T, Praptiwi, Agusta A, Tobimatsu Y, Takano T. 2019. Two-dimensional
NMR analysis of Angiopteris evecta rhizome and improved extraction method for angiopteroside.
Phytochem Anal. 2019 Jan;30(1):95-100. doi: 10.1002/pca.2794
Praptiwi, Dewi Wulansari, Ahmad Fathoni, Hiroshi Kamitakahara, Toshiyuki Tàkano, & Andria Agusta.
2018. Acute Oral Toxicity Study of Root Bark Extract of Yellow Ginseng (Rennellia elliptica Korth.) in
Mice. Proceeding of International Symposium on Bioeconomics of Natural Resources Utilization.
Center for Plant Conservation Botanic Garden LIPI. October 2018. P. 260-266.
Dewi Wulansari, Ahmad Fathoni, Praptiwi, Hiroshi Kamitakahara, Toshiyuki Takano, Wichan
Eiadthong, and Andria Agusta. 2018. Bioprospecting of Rennellia plant: Its uses and chemical
contents. 6th JASTIP Symposium, 1 November 2018.
Ahmad Fathoni, Praptiwi, Dewi Wulansari, Hiroshi Kamitakahara, Toshiyuki Takano and Andria
Agusta. 2018. Potency of Angiopteris spp. extracts as antioxidant, antibacterial, inhibitor ofacetylcholin esterase, and beta-glucosidase. Poster presentation on International Seminar on
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Unpad Bandung 23-24 October 2018.
Hiroshi Kamitakahara, Tomoki Okayama, Praptiwi, Andria Agusta, Yuki Tobimatsu, Toshiyuki Takano.
2018. Analysis of Angiopteris evecta Rhizome and Improved Extraction Method for Angiopteroside.
6th JASTIP Symposium, 1 November 2018.
Andria Agusta, Ahmad Fathoni, Kartika Diah Palupi, Dewi Wulansari, Praptiwi, Muhamad Ilyas andShoji Maehara. 2018. Biocovertion of artemisinin by endophytic fungi associated with mugwort(Artemisia vulgaris: Asteraceae). 6th JASTIP Symposium, 1 November 2018.

(Susanti, LIPI, 2018)

OUTPUTS AND OUTCOMES: AMONG OTHERS…
End-products of JASTIP R-04 for FY 2015-2020: Bicycles with
LVL Curve Frames: utilized by users, more to collaborate(planned: FOR RENT in Botanic Gardens)

Fixie
Made in 2015
Certificate No.
IDD000053321: 2018

(Dwianto, 2020)

Licensed by:
PT. Panel Agro Lestari
March 5, 2020

Mountain Bike
Made in 2016-2017
Certificate No.
IDD000048963: 2017
IDD000050073: 2017

Fixie
Road Bike Style
Made in 2020
Industrial design:
IDD000053321:
2018

OUTCOMES & IMPLICATIONS: AMONG OTHERS…

Utilization by USERS: Applied in West Sumatra & Bengkulu
Provinces, NTB Province:
Lombok,→ POLICY/EVIDENCE
Developmentof WindBali
Turbine-Solar
Panel Hybrid
BASED. Will be with West Java Province.
Signed a MoU already with PT. AWINAThis system is capable of producing approximately 4.5 KWH of energy stored in a battery of 4.8 KWH. This energy can beused to: (1) 6 Lighting of 20 Watt LED lights for 12 hours = 1440 WH, (2) 5 units of 18 Watt for HP and laptop chargers withan average of 10 hours = 1800 WH, (3) 15 Watt WIFI for 24 hours = 360 WH. The total used of energy is 3600 WH, and theremaining 1200 WH can be used for other purposes, such as LCD projector, LED monitors, and others.

(Dwianto, 2020)

OUTPUTS AND OUTCOMES: AMONG OTHERS…
•(Dwianto, 2020)

To be offered to the government

Development of Eco-house Concepts for Earthquake-resistant• Wooden House Construction (JASTIP S-06)

Supporting the Achievement of SDGs

OutlinePurposes (Yanto et al., 2020)

This project integrates the scientific activities ofthree organizations and establish strong
international network on the studies on tropicalmicroorganisms useful for bioremediation andbiodegradation of toxic compounds, leading to further
exploration and applications of tropical microbial
resources in ASEAN regions for sustainable society.

WRF from a tropicalregionLigninolytic enzymes (LE)Fungal cell

Profile of LE activities

Degradation
mechanisms

Purification of LE

Degradation
mechanisms

Toxicity and final
product analysis

Effect ofmediators

Selected strains

LE

Fungal cell
Immobilization(Yanto, 2019; RC Biomaterial LIPI)

Scale up

√
√

√ √ √
Optimization

Application√

IMPLICATIONS ON POLICY: Gap: research to policy
Gap among decision makers and researchers:- the culture within which decision makers act,
- lack of support for policy makers to acquire the skills required or
to use research evidence,- organizational, political and strategic, financial and resource
limitations;- personal experience;- common sense;- expert opinion,- dissemination problems,- access to research evidence.
Reasons why policy makers reluctant to use scientific results as thebasis of policy:- an inadequate approach,- too much scientific uncertainty,- poor local applicability,- lack of focus on the social determinants,- lack of integrated or multiple components,

Gap: research results to policy (2)3 crucial enabling factors that underpin modern conceptions of evidencebased policy (EBP):
1. high-quality information bases on relevant topic areas,
2. cohorts of professionals with skills in data analysis and policy evaluation,
3. political incentives for utilising evidence-based analysis and advice ingovernmental decision-making processes.
Include:1. the importance of personal relationships and contacts between decision-makers
and researchers,
2. the need for research to be clearly and accessibly presented.
3. cultural and practical barriers to the use of evidence by policy-makers.
4. policymakers’ definitions of evidence do not match academic constructions of‘evidence’.
5. much about policy-makers’ attitudes to research evidence remains unclear.

Gap: research results to policy (3)EBP requires good data, analytical skills and political support.
The politics of decision making inherently involves a mixing of science, value
preferences, and practical judgments about feasibility and legitimacy.
Factors that limit the use of research evidence: is the perception of lackof research evidence among decision makers and the negative
perceptions of the research evidence available.
Obstacles can be solved by: improving communication between
researchers and users, as well as trust between researchers and policy
formulators.
One of key solutions: must increase the capacity of researchers to
produce and effectively disseminate evidence to decision makers andbring about changes in their culture to add value to the use of research
evidence in decision-making.

Research results of Phase I as the base of policy, but
not yet as a formal policy → need to be written in aform of a Policy Brief
Could be written as a set of Policy Brief with tentative titles:
1. Bio-waste water management using selected fungi species is an environmentallyfriendly and powerful biodiversity-based approach: by the Govt. of Pekalongan District
and to be by Central Java Province
2. Wind turbin using biodiversity resources from fast growing woods for its propeller is achoice for new and renewable energy → by West Sumatra, Bengkulu, Bali, Lombok
Provinces, will be by West Java Province
3. Other potential Policy Brief titles for policy makers → should include problem solving:- Understanding termite behaviour and distribution in relation to climate change to reduce
termite attack- Conservation and sustainable use of Rennelia sp producing anti-microbial and anti-virus
active compounds- Bioprospecting of endophytic microbes for potential drugs to reduce raw material import- Strengthening bioprospecting research to produce added value commercial products
and increase traditionally and involve them in developing high value products- Protect the forest from fire as it causes halting regeneration for long period, or: Speedingup the regeneration of heavy impacted forest fire (combining with other previous results)

Potential Phase I Research Eesults for the basis of
Policy → as Policy Brief, academic paper (2)- Managing stingless bee for curing diseases- Managing agriculture crops, farms and pesticide regulations for sustainable
pollinators types and population to support food security : effective pesticide
regulation, control of the trade and movement of managed pollinators;
implementation of pollinator-friendly practices in farms and urban areas;
conservation, management and restoration of pollinator habitats.

- Increasing added value of genetic resources through support of users andincrease access of technology in implementing Nagoya Protocol- Developing a better network and collaboration in national and international
levels in managing genetic resources.
- Developing and integration of data and information of genetic resourcesamong institutions through national bigdata

Policy brief on
Bioprospecting: example
2020: Direction of Development of
Bioprospecting in Indonesia (a bit too
long: 84 pages) → we can establish:…for ASEAN and more specific issues ofBioprospecting

Academic paper for a Presidential Decree on
Microorganism Management: example

Implemented already:Presidential Decree No. 1 Year2021on Microorganism
Management

PHASE II: WP 3 (2020-2025)
BIODIVERSITY GROUP: GSA- Kyoto Univ & RC Biology- LIPI:
1. Bioprospecting:
A. Extracts from Rubiaceae and Pteridophyte in SEA mainly for antibacterial and antivirus
substances
B. Modification of artemisinine, an anti-malarial substance by endophytic fungi of
Artemisia plants
2. Stable isotope application to wildlife environmental forensic for the protection of CITES
species (involving BATAN Indonesia)

BIORESOURCES GROUP: RISH- Kyoto Univ & RC Biomaterials- LIPI
1. Development of highly durable low-cost-house and novel wood composites using tropicalplant species
2. Characterization and conversion of tropical plant resources to functional materials
3. Bioremediation of textile dye effluents using tropical microbes
4. Biology and management of wood attacking insects important for global economy

Recommendations: for resulting PHASE II EBP (1)--Keep informing scientific results of the best available, robust results, the most relevant topolicy makers to keep them on track as it is difficult to follow from publications which
increasing exponentially
Ensure communication of the results in an accessible language to the non –specialists
Accessible communication tools such as Policy briefs: to translate research outputs orpractices into a format that can support policy decision making
Require: Effective, interdisciplinary SPI’s and timely and relevant inputs for policy makers
SPI (Science- Policy Interface) need to be strengthened: by improving knowledge
exchange and communication of scientific results by bringing the most recent andrelevant scientific outputs to the attention of decision makers → need capacity building
training courses for researchers!
Criteria: Credibility, relevance, legitimacy
Establish groups to formulate recommendations for the basis of policy: involves person
experience in communication and formulating sets of Policy Brief for at least Minister’s
Decree or academic paper for Presidential Decrees or Acts (NOT JUST relevant
researchers !)Recommendations: Policy Implications for Phase II (2)A. To push govt to finalize the Draft of Act of Conservation and Utilizationof Genetic Resources (for Indonesia), to put all relevant institutions insynergy and assign institutions as leading sectors in each specificissues related to Biodiversity and utilization of bioresources andspecific minister regulating investment related to access and benefit
sharing, to form national commission on biodiversity andbioprospecting
B. Strengthening local community in managing genetic resources
C. Strengthening national research on bioprospecting involving industries
and community
D. Urge private sectors to develop products from bioprospecting by giving
fair benefit to community
E. Law enforcement related to bioprospecting and biopiracy
F. Enhancement better communication with policy makers and provide
updated results regularly of Phase I that have not been informed
properly and involve them from early stage of the implementation of
Phase II programs

CLOSING REMARKS
A. In order research results to be used as the based of policy by policy
makers, key factors affecting among others, are: building goodcommunication and trust, involve from the beginning and keep
updating the results regularly, packaging the results in the policy maker“language”, and meeting the criteria (credibility, relevance, legitimate,timely).
B. Form for the basis of policy such as: recommendation for CITES,
policy brief (4-6 pages the most) for the level of at least Ministers,
academic or urgency paper for Act/Law/Presidential Decree.
C. The need to establish a group for translating research results toevidence- based policy

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1. Dr. Dede Heri Yuli Yanto, RC Biomaterials LIPI
2. Prof. Wahyu Dwianto, RC Biomaterials LIPI
3. Prof. Sulaeman Yusuf, RC Biomaterials LIPI
4. Dr. Iman Hidayat, RC Biomaterials LIPI
5. Dr. Atit Kanti, RC Biology LIPI
6. Dr. Ruliyana Susanti, RC Biology LIPI
7. Prof. Andria Agusta, RC Biology LIPITERIMA KASIH, KOB KHUN KA,
ARIGATOU GOZAIMASU