2008 1−12

Japan Registry Services Co.,Ltd.

Introduction

2008 was a landmark year for JP domain names which surpassed one million registrations.
However, new attacks exploiting the vulnerability of DNS software were found, and many DNS
engineers worked hard to fight this problem that threatened the very foundation of the Internet.
There was also worldwide debate about new generic top-level domains （gTLDs） andinternationalized country code top-level domains（IDN ccTLDs）to be introduced by the Internet
Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers（ICANN）.
As a company supporting the foundation of the Internet society through JP domain names and
DNS management, JPRS is striving to make the Internet safe for everyone to use. To this end,
JPRS promptly provides information and deals with risks as they arise. JPRS also actively
contributes to discussions of global issues and conveys relevant information to parties in Japan.
In addition to the above, JPRS is committed to its ongoing operations to improve JP domainname services, develop systems, and carry out promotional activities to facilitate the use of JP
domain names and deliver greater value to users.
The management and administration of JP domain names require a high level of competitivenessand commitment to enhancing the public interest. Recognizing this vital nature of its services
and influence on society, JPRS annually publishes the “Registry Report” on its management
and administration of .JP domain names.
This report describes the activities of JPRS from January to December 2008 and the prospects
for the future.
JPRS will continue to ensure that JP domain names remain useful and contribute to thedevelopment of the Internet society.

Koki Higashida
President
Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.

Translated: 28 Apr. 2009
Note: This English translation is provided for informational purposes only. For accuracy, pleaserefer to the Japanese version.

❶ 【Registry Activities】
1 -1

Goal of JPRS as the JP Domain Name Registry

2

1 -2

Activities in 2008

3

1 -3

External Relations

9

1 -4

Other Activities

13

1 -5

Overview of this Term’s Activities

14❷ 【Statistical Information】
2 -1

Changes in the Cumulative Number of Registered JP Domain Names

16

2 -2

Breakdown of the Cumulative Number of Registered JP Domain Names

17

2 -3

Number of Accredited JP Registrars

18❸ 【References】
3 -1

History19

3 -2

JP Domain Name Advisory Committee

21

3 -3

Proposals and Presentations

23

3 -4

Press Releases

251【Registry Activities】

Goal of JPRS as the JP Domain Name Registry

Our main objectives as the JP domain name registry are: to continuously improve the value ofJP; to provide the registry services that contribute to society; and to gain stronger support fromthe local and global Internet community in an environment where we compete and collaborate
with other registries of Top Level Domains（TLDs）and similar services.
In January 2001, upon commencing the management and administration of .JP top-leveldomain, we defined the following values for our services:•Reliability: establishing reliable domain names in the global society•Stability: operating and administering a stable domain name system（DNS）•Usability: establishing domain names which meet users’ needs•Fee Performance: providing services at internationally competitive fees
We consistently pursue these goals as the core concept of the JP domain names. Moreover, we
strive to conduct registry business in consideration of the public interest, fairness and neutrality.

2

Activities in 2008

JPRS has contributed to the development of the Internet society and worked to enhance its
registry services and the value of JP domain names in cooperation with the JP Registrars
and other related organizations.

IPv6 Address of M-Root DNS Server Registered in the Root Zone（February）
The M-Root DNS server is the responsibility of the WIDE Project and is jointly operated by
WIDE and JPRS. The IPv6 address of the M-Root DNS server was registered as a AAAA
record in the root zone by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority（IANA）. This registration
enables DNS queries in IPv6 to Root DNS servers. In the JP zone, DNS queries in IPv6 havebeen made possible since 2004. The IPv6 address registration of the M-Root DNS Server
extends the DNS operation environment in IPv6.
http://jprs.co.jp/press/080205.html

Submission of Comments in Response to a Notice of Inquiry by the U.S.
Department of Commerce Regarding ICANN Activities（February）
JPRS submitted its comments in response to a notice of inquiry opened by the National
Telecommunications and Information Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce （DoC
NTIA）. JPRS has strongly supported Internet governance led by the private sector andsubmitted its comments in appreciation of ICANN's achievements.
http://jprs.co.jp/topics/080219.html

Promotion of Understanding of JP Domain Names
JPRS launched a special website called “JPRS100.jp” tohelp people learn more about JP domain names. The
content of the site is easy to understand for general
Internet users, and shows the history and statistics of JP
domain names up to the time they reached one million
registrations. For comparison, the site also explains thehistory and statistics of the Internet.
http://jprs100.jp/

JPRS100.jp3

【Registry Activities】

CO.JP Domain Name Real-time Application Process Service（June）
JPRS implemented a new system of CO.JP domain name applications between JP Registrars
and JPRS. This system allows JPRS to immediately notify the evaluation results of applications to
JP Registrars, making possible the real-time registration of CO.JP domain names.
http://jprs.jp/info/notice/200804-rule.html

Warning of DNS Cache Poisoning Vulnerability（July）
A new form of attack called “cache poisoning” was found to exploit the vulnerability of DNS
software and tamper with DNS responses. JPRS promptly drew up comments and countermeasures
to warn DNS server administrators.
http://jprs.jp/tech/security/multiple-dns-vuln-cache-poisoning.html
http://jprs.jp/tech/security/multiple-dns-vuln-cache-poisoning-update.html
http://jpinfo.jp/topics-column/009.pdf

Promotion of “CO.JP” Domain Names（October）
JPRS launched a website called “Starting Company
Websites and Email Addresses with ‘CO.JP’.” Aiming
to enhance the understanding and use of “CO.JP”
domain names, this site provides comprehensive
information on “CO.JP” domain names, such as theiradvantages, selection of effective names and examples
of use. The site is easy to understand even for beginnersof the Internet.

Starting Company Websites and Email Addresses

http://jprs.co.jp/press/081014.html

with ‘CO.JP’

http://nippon-kigyo.jp/4Addition of JP DNS Servers “c.dns.jp” and “g.dns.jp”（October）
JPRS added two DNS servers to improve the stability and reliability of JP DNS servers. With
this addition, JP DNS servers now operate in 26 locations across 9 countries around the world,
thus strengthening the network even more comprehensively.
http://www.dns.jp/index-j.html

IPv6 Support by JP DNS Server “b.dns.jp”（November）
The JP DNS server “b.dns.jp” began supporting IPv6 to promote the DNS environment in IPv6.
As a result, 6 out of 7 JP DNS servers are now IPv6 ready.
The remaining server will continue to support IPv4 alone for technical reasons.

Submission of Comments in Response to a Notice of Inquiry by the U.S.
Department of Commerce Regarding the Promotion of DNSSEC（November）
JPRS submitted its comments in response to a notice of inquiry opened by DoC NTIA, stating
support for the early deployment of DNS Security Extension（DNSSEC）.
http://jprs.co.jp/topics/081125-2.html

Promotion of “OR.JP” Domain Name Use（December）
Since the enforcement of the Act on General Incorporated Associations and General
Incorporated Foundations, it has become easier for various organizations to obtain corporate
status. Accordingly, JPRS launched a website called “My Organization Is Also ‘or.jp’!” This siteraises awareness of the fact that “OR.JP” domain names that can be registered by generalincorporated associations and foundations. The site also provides information on how to use
domain names effectively. The content is easy to understand even for newcomers to theInternet.
http://私の団体も.jp/
http://watashinodantaimo.jp/

5【Registry Activities】

Education and Promotion Activities
Jan. JANOG 21
JPRS described the mechanism of Japanese domain names and common misunderstandings
about them in a presentation titled “Frequently-Asked Questions about Japanese Domain
Names.”

Jan. ITpro EXPO 2008
At the JPRS booth, mini-seminars were held on the basics of domain names and DNS
as well as domain name utilization.

Feb. ThinkQuest@JAPAN 2008
JPRS supported “ThinkQuest@Japan 2008,” a contest for developing Web-basedteaching materials for junior-high- and high-school students. This year, we offered 134
general-use JP domain names（both in Japanese and ASCII）free of charge to 67 teams
who wished to obtain original domain names for their web exhibits. We also set up anenvironment for accessing the contestants’ websites. In addition, the Best Domain NameAward was given to the team that chose the most effective domain name to increase theappeal of their work.

Mar. AsiaBSDCon 2008
We explained the risks involved in DNS and handling of Japanese domain names in apresentation titled “Risks Involved in DNS and BIND Settings”.

Jun. Interop Tokyo 2008
At a workshop called “For Stable DNS Operations,”
we explained DNS risks and gave an overview of
DNSSEC. At the JPRS booth, mini-seminars were
held on the basics of domain names and technicalinformation of DNS.

JPRS booth

6Jun. Seminar Series at Information Processing Society of Japan 2008
We gave a presentation titled “Standardizing Internet Protocols” and introduced ourstandardization activities in The Internet Engineering Task Force（IETF）.

Jul. JANOG 22
We gave a presentation titled “JPRS Activities for a More Robust DNS Environment”
to introduce our efforts in this area.

Jul. Council of Anti-Phishing Japan, Information Sharing Working GroupWe gave a presentation on anti-phishing measures from the viewpoint of domain nameregistry.

Aug. Summer Seminar for National Association of Principals of Technical Senior High Schools
In the summer seminar held by the National
Association of Principals of Technical Senior HighSchools, we gave a lecture entitled “Useful Tips –Threats on the Internet and Countermeasures”
for teachers of technical senior high schools. This
lecture included not only the basics of theInternet such as its history and architecture, butalso the latest trends, threats on the Internet, andLecture on the Internet

countermeasures against such threats.

Sep. RentalServer.org Workshop
We gave a presentation titled “Correct DNS Basics” to explain the basic information,architecture, and record types of DNS.

Sep. IECP Seminar
We gave a presentation titled “New Trend of Domain Names” to explain the basic
information and recent trends of domain names.

Nov. Email Security Expo & Conference 2008
We explained DNS basics, common DNS related issues, and the recent trend of DNS.

7

【Registry Activities】

Nov. Internet Week 2008
At the DNS DAY session, we gave presentations
on the following themes: research results on
implementations at risk when all authoritative
DNS servers become dual-stack, countermeasures taken against Kaminsky attacks, andrecent topics on domain name governance.
At the DNSOPS.JP BoF session, JPRS describedissues related to the dual-stacking of authorita-

DNS DAY session

tive DNS servers and reported study results.
As a company supporting the seminar, weorganized the Q&A session on DNS operations.

Dec. Business Seminar Sponsored by a Newspaper Company
We explained company information disclosure utilizing the Internet in a businessseminar titled “Corporate Strategies and IT Utilization” for small- to medium-sizedbusinesses.

8

1 -3

External Relations

Activities at IETF
Standardization of Internationalized Email Addresses
Following the standardization of internationalized domain names（IDN）, email addresses
have become the next target of address internationalization（i.e., expansion to a systemthat enables the use of non-ASCII characters）. The Email Address Internationalization（EAI） Working Group was set up in IETF in February 2006 to internationalize email
addresses, each of which is configured as “local part@domain name.” The Group aims tointernationalize the entire email address including the local part to the left of @.
As a member of the IDN Working Group, and then of this EAI Working Group, JPRS
continues to assist in drawing up proposals for the standardization.
RFC4952 issued in July 2007 specifies the basic framework for internationalized email
addresses, and this framework is characterized by four protocol extensions（header format
extension, SMTP extension, delivery notification extension and downgrading mechanism for
backward compatibility）. Of the four, the header format extension, SMTP extension anddelivery notification extension are now specified in RFC5335, RFC5336 and RFC5337,
respectively, issued in September 2008. JPRS is currently studying a downgradingmechanism for backward compatibility. As of January 2009, preparations have been madefor the process of issuing an RFC with final approval at IETF.

Revision of IDN Protocol
IDN registration services have started in a number of TLDs since IDNs were standardized in
2003. To solve problems that have emerged over time, the IDNAbis Working Group was set
up in April 2008 in IETF, and the Group is now conducting studies on protocol revisions.
Although protocol revisions are necessary for the further deployment of IDNs, the systemcurrently under consideration involves elements that will cause incompatibility with theexisting system. Accordingly, JPRS has made a proposal that would contribute to the spreadand development of IDNs while minimizing adverse effects on the existing services.

9

【Registry Activities】

Participation in ICANN and Other International Discussions
ccNSO Activities
Country Code Names Supporting Organization（ccNSO）is one of the organizations set up
in ICANN to support its activities. ccNSO forms a consensus in the ccTLD community on
global issues concerning the entire ccTLD space and makes recommendations to the
ICANN Board. JPRS has a seat on the ccNSO Council.
In ccNSO, lively debates on IDN TLDs continued for two years from 2007 to 2008. As theregistry of JP domain names, JPRS submitted comments and made presentations at
ccNSO meetings, taking the initiative, in particular, in international discussions on IDN
ccTLD Fast Track program.

Participation in SSAC
Security and Stability Advisory Committee（SSAC）, one of the ICANN advisory committees,consists of experts on technologies for root server operations, gTLD/ccTLD registries,
registrars and regional Internet registries of IP addresses.
JPRS, an SSAC member since 2007, has participated in activities to ensure that the Internet
operates stably at the global level, making the most of its experience as a leading ccTLD registry.

Participation in APTLD
Since 2002 when JPRS became the manager of the .JP
top-level domain, we have played an active part in the
Asia Pacific Top Level Domain Association（APTLD）asone of the founding members. JPRS has also served on
its board of directors since 2003.
As the registry of JP domain names, a leading ccTLD,

APTLD meeting

JPRS leads discussions on IDNs in APTLD regions. JPRS also shares information onregistration services with other members, with a view to raising service standards byaccumulating know-how throughout the ccTLD community in the Asia-Pacific region.

10

Participation in AP㸨Retreat
AP㸨（APstar）Retreat meetings are held twice a year to provide the representatives ofInternet-related organizations in the Asia-Pacific region an opportunity to share informationand promote networking.
JPRS participated in AP㸨 Retreat, Taipei, Taiwan in February 2008 and discussed theestablishment of a framework to promote Internet use in the Asia-Pacific region, offering
opinions that go beyond JPRS’s standpoint as a ccTLD registry. Participants also discussed
the maintenance of Internet connectivity, reflecting on lessons learned from the earthquakethat occurred off the coast of Taiwan in late 2006.

Participation in CENTRThe Council of European National Top-level Domain Registries（CENTR）is an association of
TLD registries in the European region. As an associate member, JPRS shares informationand exchanges opinions with other CENTR members.
In 2008, parties involved in the domain name market speculated how ccTLDs and gTLDs arerecognized in each country and what measures should be taken to increase the recognition of
their own ccTLDs. JPRS introduced the results of its survey on the public awareness of JP
domain names, as well as PR activities conducted based on the survey results.
DNS security, which is a prerequisite for the safe use of the Internet, also drew much attention
in 2008. JPRS presented the results of DNS setting surveys conducted jointly with
Internet-related organizations in Japan, as well as related educational activities and theirachievements.

11

【Registry Activities】

Submission of Comments Regarding Agreement between ICANN and the US
Department of Commerce
On February 15, 2008, JPRS submitted its comments in response to the notice of inquiry opened by
the National Telecommunications and Information Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce.
The Inquiry was made as a mid-term review of an agreement concluded between ICANN andthe US Department of Commerce, inviting public comments about the agreement.
Since its foundation, JPRS has strongly supported Internet governance led by the private
sector and actively participated in the organizing of ICANN as a constituent member, making
contributions to efforts in regard to various issues. On this account, JPRS submitted its
comments in appreciation of ICANN’s achievements to date.

Submission of Comments Regarding DNSSECOn November 22, 2008, JPRS submitted its comments in response to the Notice of Inquiry
which had been opened on October 9, 2008 by the National Telecommunications andInformation Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. This Notice invites comments
regarding implementation of DNS Security Extension（DNSSEC）. JPRS submitted its position
paper supporting the early deployment of DNSSEC.

Publication of Technical Evaluation Result of IDN TLD Implementation Method
On April 1, 2008, JPRS published “Application Evaluation Report Regarding IDN TLD” which
was co-authored by ccTLD registries in China, Korea, and Taiwan. A number of studies are now
under way on the establishment of IDN TLDs in various regions where different languages are
spoken. Under such circumstances, the report aims to provide relevant entities with common
criteria for evaluating IDN TLDs on applications, and also encourages them to join the evaluation.
On 29 September 2008, JPRS publicized an interim report on the technical evaluation of DNAME,
one of the technical candidates to be employed in implementing IDN ccTLDs. When DNAME isused to implement new IDN ccTLDs corresponding to existing ccTLDs, it may have someinfluence on root DNS servers or ISPs’ cache DNS servers. These influences were evaluated in anexisting DNS server implementation, based on discussions made at CENTR and APTLD.

12

1 -4

Other Activities

Participation in the Internet Infrastructure Committee
JPRS participates as an observer in the Internet Infrastructure Committee set up in the
Telecommunications Policy Sub-Council of the Telecommunications Council in the Ministryof Internal Affairs and Communications. In preparation for the start of the IDN ccTLD
representing Japan（examples: “.日本” or “.日本国”）, this Committee is studying applicablecharacter string, registry selection methods and basic operation rules, and plans to submit
a report in June 2009.
As the registry with a proven track record in .jp registration management, JPRS provides
the Committee with information on domain name registration and management as well as
on internationally-recognized service standards.

Anti-phishing Activities
Phishing, a fraudulent attempt to steal personal names, account numbers, passwords andother sensitive information from individuals, is widespread on the Internet, causing
ever-greater damage. One of the countermeasures is to invalidate domain names used forphishing.
To prevent phishing scams from the standpoint of a domain name registry, JPRS has started
an operation to quickly shut down websites used for phishing activities, in cooperation with
JPCERT and other JP Registrars. This action is based on the JP Domain Name Advisory
Committee’s report on phishing prevention.

13

【Registry Activities】

1 -5

Overview of this Term’s Activities

JPRS has made constant efforts to strike a proper balance among reliability, stability, usability, andfee performance, which constitute the basis of JP domain name management, while also improving
each of the four values.

JP Domain Name Registration Management
Real-time Application Process Service of CO.JP domain names
CO.JP domain names are offered to corporate users. JPRS worked hard to improve the convenienceof services related to CO.JP domain names to encourage more companies to register and utilize
these names.
In particular, to shorten the time required for registration procedures, JPRS began a real-time
application process service that enables users to register CO.JP domain names at any time aroundthe clock. This service meets companies’ demand for using domain names immediately after
registration.

Activities to enhance the understanding of JP domain names and their use
In 2008, JPRS continued promotion activities to increase public awareness and understandingof domain names and proposed ways to use domain names effectively.
JPRS launched a website to explain CO.JP domain names in simple terms to enable persons
not familiar with CO.JP domain names to understand their advantages. We also publishedpamphlets explaining how to use domain names effectively.
Our promotion activities included giving a lecture at a corporate seminar held by a newspaper
company and working together with entrepreneur support organizations.
To promote Japanese JP domain names, we introduced a greater number of examples to help
people become more familiar with the use and benefits of Japanese JP domain names.

14

DNS Operations
Enhancement of JP DNS Reliability and Stability
JPRS has added 2 JP DNS servers, “c.dns.jp” and “g.dns.jp,” to improve reliability andstability of JP DNS servers.

Activities to Address Depletion of Remaining IPv4 Address Space
Recently, there has been much discussion about the exhaustion of remaining IPv4 address
space, and demand has been growing for the implementation of the IPv6 environment. JPRS
implemented IPv6 support in “b.cns.jp”, and as a result, 6 out of 7 JP DNS servers are now
IPv6-ready. The remaining server will continue to support IPv4 alone for technical reasons.
We will continue our PR activities to promote IPv6 in the DNS community and encourage
domain-name-related service providers to prepare themselves for the start of DNS operations in IPv6.

International Activities
Participation in the Evaluation of IDN TLDs
In the international community of ccTLD registries, JPRS made active efforts to study IDN TLDs,
as a registry with extensive experience in IDN services. For example, JPRS publicized the“Application Evaluation Report Regarding IDN TLD” co-authored with ccTLD registries in China,
Korea, and Taiwan and also publicized an interim report on the technical evaluation of DNAME.
As a registry with a proven track record in .jp management, JPRS plans to express its view on
IDN TLD string that stands for Japan and other issues as appropriate.

Promotion of Internationalized Email Address Standardization
Regarding activities to standardize internationalized email addresses, JPRS takes part in the
preparation of a standardization proposal, as a member of the relevant working group. In
particular, JPRS is in charge of compatibility with conventional mail systems. As of January 2009,
JPRS was in the process of obtaining final approval by IETF and issuing an RFC.

15

❷

【Statistical Information】

2 -1 Changes in the Cumulative Number of Registered

JP Domain Names

On March 1, 2008, the cumulative number of JP domain names exceeded one million. On June 1,
2008, the cumulative total of General-use JP domain names（ASCII）exceeded 500,000.

1,200,000
Organizational/Geographic

㸦ASCII㸧
General-use

General-use（Japanese）

1,000,000
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,0000

Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-98 Jan-99 Jan-00 Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09

Year/Month

Organizational/
Geographic Type

General-use（ASCII）

General-use（Japanese）

1993/01

953

953

1994/01

1,341

1,341

1995/01

2,206

2,206

1996/01

4,781

4,781

1997/01

15,477

15,477

1998/01

33,73933,7391999/01

58,54958,5492000/01

124,573

124,573

2001/01

234,294

2002/01

283,340

121,992

61,507

466,839

2003/01

297,413

153,949

51,544502,906

2004/01

309,193

199,698

45,402554,2932005/01

327,742

254,131

63,324645,197

2006/01

346,340

323,182

116,602786,124

2007/01

363,768

394,404

124,153882,325

2008/01

378,903

468,125

141,858

988,886

2009/01

389,598539,212

134,921

1,063,731

234,294

Please refer to “Statistics” 㸦http://jprs.co.jp/en/stat/domains.html㸧 for the latest information.

16

Total

❷ 【Statistical Information】

2 -2 Breakdown of the Cumulative Number of Registered

JP Domain Names*As of January 1, 2009

General-use
㸦Japanese㸧
12.7%

General-use
㸦ASCII㸧50.7%

Organizational/
Geographic Type
36.6%

Geographic Type

㸦Number of domain names㸧
JP Domain Name Types
education institution,
AC: Higher
such as university

AD: JPNIC Member
CO: Company
Primary school, junior and

ED: senior high school
Organizational/
Geographic Type

General-use

GO: Japanese government agency
GR: Group

1 January 2009
Number ofRegistrations

1 January 2008
Number ofRegistrations

3,482

3,421

+61

273

282

Ѹ9

325,639

315,374+10,265

4,500

4,505

Ѹ5

Difference

887

878

+9

8,103

8,329

Ѹ226

LG: Japanese local authority

1,931

2,087

Ѹ156

NE: Network service

17,327

17,398

Ѹ71

OR: Judicial body other than company

24,47023,518+952

Geographic Type

2,986

3,111

Ѹ125

ASCII

539,212468,125+71,087

Japanese

134,921

141,858

Ѹ6,937

1,063,731

988,886+74,845

Total JP Domain Name Registration

Please refer to “Guide to JP Domain Name”（http://jprs.co.jp/en/jpdomain.html）for detailed descriptions of the types.

17❷ 【Statistical Information】

2 -3 Number of Accredited JP Registrars

Organizational/Geographic(Number of Registrars）

Jan-01

Jan-02Jan-03Jan-04Jan-05Jan-06

Jan-07

General-use

Jan-08Jan-09Number of Registrars
Year/Month

Organizational/
Geographic Type

April, 2001

General-use

Total

443

443

490

490

January, 2003

560

546

1,106

January, 2004

557

559

1,116

January, 2005

553

564

1,117

January, 2006

562

576

1,138

January, 2007

559

572

1,131

January, 2008

557

573

1,130

558

577

1,135

January, 2002

January, 2009

*The number of JP Registrars for Organizational/Geographic Type JP Domain Name is the figure after April 2002 when its
management and administration was transferred from JPNIC to JPRS.

18

❸【References】

3 -1

History

2000
Dec. JPRS was established.
2001
Feb. General-use JP Domain Priority Registration Phase started.
Apr. General-use JP Domain Concurrent Registration Phase started.
May General-use JP Domain Formal FCFS Registration started.
2002
Feb. ccTLD Sponsorship Agreement was concluded with ICANN.
Apr. Management and administration of .JP TLD was transferred from JPNIC to JPRS.
Oct . LG.JP was established.
Oct . JPRS started distributing a plug-in for Microsoft Internet Explorer ®, “i-NavTM.”
2003
Jan. Total number of JP domain name registrations reached 500,000.
Jun. JPRS received approval from ICANN to start IDN service.
Jul . RFC-based Japanese JP domain name registration service started.
Dec. “Japanese .JP Access Site（http://jajp.jp/）” for mobile phones was launched.
2004
Feb. IP Anycast technology was introduced in JP DNS service（［a.dns.jp］［d.dns.jp］）
Feb. “Nihongo JP Navi” service was started.
Jul. JP domain name started full support for IPv6 as the first TLDin the world .
Nov. Service of a former JP DNS server（former［a.dns.jp］）was terminated.
Dec. The portal site for Japanese JP domain names, “Nihongo dot JP”（http://日本語.jp/）
was launched.
2005
Jan. The portal site “Jinmei Jiten”（http://人名事典.jp/） for introducing Japanese JP
domain names that place person’s name under .jp was launched.
Mar. Service of JP DNS server（［c.dns.jp］） was terminated.
Jun. Work on eliminating risks due to inadequate management of DNS servers was started.
Aug. “Limited liability partnership” was newly defined eligible for registration of CO.JP
domain names.

19❸ 【References】

2005
Dec. “Eki Machi Guide”（http://駅街ガイド.jp/）, which provides information on areas aroundstations using Japanese JP domain names which consist of station names throughout
Japan, started.
Dec. JPRS started operation of the M-Root DNS server in cooperation with WIDE Project.
2006
Jan. JPRS started deleting improper DNS server settings.
Feb. “Investment LPS” was newly defined eligible for registration of CO.JP domainnames. Whois specification related to domain name change was partially modified.
Mar. Cumulative number of JP domain names exceeded 800,000.
Apr. JPRS shortened processing time for JP DNS update.
May Along with enforcement of the Company Law, “Limited liability company” was newly
defined eligible for registration of CO.JP domain names.
Sep. JPRS changed the number of GO.JP domain names which each governmentorganization can register.
Japanese JP domain names reserved for the government were released forrelevant government organizations.
Nov. Cumulative number of General-use JP Domain Name exceeded 500,000.
Dec. JPRS published guidelines for making URL consisting of Japanese domain nameclickable in email text.
2007
Jan. Cumulative number of registered CO.JP domain names exceeded 300,000.
Mar. “Procedure for recovering deleted domain name registration” was introduced forGeneral-use JP domain names.
The annual fee for JP Registrars to register General-use JP domain names was
reduced to 2,500 yen.
Apr. Cumulative number of registered JP domain names exceeded 900,000.
Dec. IP Anycast technology was introduced to the JP DNS service（［e.dns.jp］）.
2008
Mar. Cumulative number of registered JP domain names exceeded one million.
Oct. The JP DNS server configuration was changed（c.dns.jp and g.dns.jp added）.

20

3 -2

JP Domain Name Advisory Committee

JP Domain Name Advisory Committee was established in 2002 in order to maintain fairness
and neutrality of the .JP registry operations. The committee members from outside of JPRS
with various viewpoints consider policies for JP domain names. Below are the issues whichwere discussed in the committee in 2008.

（1）
Consultations and Advisories
Consultation/Advisory

Consultation Date
Document No.

Advisory Date
Document No.

Principles for activities to be performed bydomain name registries to prevent phishingdamageAug. 23, 2007
JPRS-ADV-2007001

Mar. 18, 2008
JPRS-ADVRPT-2007001

Policy for correlating “.日本” with “.JP” when
JPRS is to manage “.日本”Aug. 27, 2008
JPRS-ADV-2008001（under consultation）

Method for appointing the members of the 5th
JP Domain Name Advisory Committee

Dec. 8, 2008
JPRS-ADV-2008002

Dec. 26, 2008
JPRS-ADVRPT-2008002

Please refer to “JP Domain Name Advisory Committee”（http://jprs.co.jp/en/advisory.html）for details.

（2）
Advisory Committee Meetings
Feb. 22 23rd Advisory Committee meeting
A basic agreement was reached regarding a draft report drawn up in response to
the inquiry “Principles of activities to be performed by domain name registries toprevent phishing damage”（JPRS-ADV-2007001）.

Jun. 2 24th Advisory Committee meeting
JPRS reported its response to the report “Principles of activities to be performed bydomain name registries to prevent phishing damage”（JPRS-ADV-2007001）.
JPRS explained the general situation of JP and other domain names, andcommittee members made various comments on the subject.

21❸ 【References】

Aug. 27 25th Advisory Committee meeting
Mr. Yuichi Kato resigned from the 4th JP Domain Name Advisory Committee. It wasreported that Mr. Kazushi Hayashi was appointed as successor at therecommendation of the Committee.
Committee members offered comments on the JPRS’s inquiry about the “Policy forcorrelating ‘.日本’ with ‘.JP’ when JPRS is to manage ‘.日本’ ”（JPRS-ADV-2008001）.

Dec. 8 26th Advisory Committee meeting
A basic agreement was reached based on the discussion at the 25th meeting
regarding a draft report drawn up in response to the inquiry “Policy for correlating‘.日本’ with ‘.JP’ when JPRS is to manage ‘.日本’ ”（JPRS-ADV-2008001）.
Committee members commented on the JPRS’s inquiry about the “Method forappointing the members of the 5th JP Domain Name Advisory Committee”（JPRS-ADV-2008002）. It was agreed to continue the current appointment method.

22

3 -3 Proposals and Presentations*Original materials are written in English, unless otherwise specified.

Date

Title

At

Hosted byJan. 24

Frequently-Asked Questions About
Japanese Domain Names（in Japanese）

JANOG 21 meeting

JANOG（*1）

Feb. 13.JP Update

ccNSO meeting

ccNSO（*2）

Feb. 25

IDN TLD discussions in ICANNAPTLD meeting

APTLD（*3）

Feb. 25

Getting rid of WPAD vulnerability/ - From
Registry’s Perspective -APTLD meeting

APTLD

Mar. 28

Studies on IDN ccTLD fast track（inJapanese）

ICANN Debriefing Session

JPNIC（*4）
IAjapan（*5）

Mar. 28

Risks Involved in DNS and BIND Settings（in Japanese）

AsiaBSDCon 2008

AsiaBSDCon 2008
Executive Committee（*6）

Apr. 10

Opera and Internationalized Domain Names - Comparison
with Other Browsers and Email Clients -（in Japanese）

Opera Backstage Tokyo

Opera Software
International As（*’7）

May 4

DNAME Issues Regarding IDN TLD Implementation

18th CENTR Technical Workshop

CENTR（*8）

May 7DNAME Issues Regarding IDN TLD Implementation

RIPE 56 DNS WG

RIPE（*9）

May 16

Network Engineer Training Course, Intermediate
Level - JP Domain Name -（in Japanese）

Network Engineer Training
Course, Intermediate Level

Network Design Inc.（*10）

May 23.JP Update

APTLD meeting

APTLD

May 27

A ccTLD registry’s perspective on Anti-Phishing

CeCOS II

APWG（*11）

Jun. 10

DNS Risks and Countermeasures（in Japanese） Interop Tokyo 2008

Jun. 23

Standardizing Internet Protocols（in Japanese）

Seminar Series 2008 at Information
Processing Society of Japan “Evolutionof the Internet”

Information Processing Societyof Japan（*13）

Jul. 10JPRS Activities for More Robust DNS
Environment（in Japanese）

JANOG 22 meeting

JANOG

Jul. 22Anti-phishing from the Standpoint of
Domain Name Registry（in Japanese）

Anti-Phishing Japan, Information Council of Anti-Phishing Japan
Sharing WG（*14）

Jul. 24

State of IDN ccTLD fast track（in Japanese）

ICANN Debriefing Session

JPNIC/IAjapan

Sep. 17

Correct DNS Basics（in Japanese）

RentalServer.org Sep. Study
SessionRentalServer.org（*15）

Sep. 24

Source Port Vulnerabilities in .JP

2008 OARC Workshop

OARC（*16）

Oct. 1

Recognition of .JP in the Japanese Market- Research Report -CENTR 14th Administrative
Workshop

CENTR

Oct. 3

IDN ccTLDs - a Case Study for Japan -CENTR GA

CENTR

Nov. 5.JP’s Actions to Cope with Kaminsky
Attack Threats

ICANN Cairo ccNSO meeting

ccNSO

Interop Tokyo 2008
Executive Committee（*12）

23❸ 【References】

Date

At

Hosted by

Is DNS OK?（in Japanese）

Email Security Expo &Conference 2008

CMP Technology Japan Co.,
Ltd.（*17）

Nov. 25 （in Japanese）

This Year Again! DNS with Your Lunch

Internet Week 2008
Lunch Seminar

JPNIC

Nov. 25

JP DNS Update（in Japanese）

Internet Week 2008
DNS DAY

JPNIC

Nov.25

Domain Name Governance（in Japanese）

Internet Week 2008
DNS DAY

JPNIC

Nov. 25

All About Kaminsky Attack（in Japanese） Internet Week 2008
DNS DAY

JPNIC

Nov. 25

Changes in Countermeasures Taken forJP（in Japanese）

Internet Week 2008
DNS DAY

JPNIC

Nov. 25

Problems in Implementing Dual-Stack Authoritative
DNS Servers and Report（in Japanese）

Internet Week 2008
dnsops.jp BoF

DNSOPS.JP（*18）

Nov. 26

Resource Management and ICANN- Domain Names and Others -（in Japanese）

Internet Week 2008

JPNIC

Nov. 27

Current State of DNSSEC（in Japanese）

15th JPNIC Open Policy
Meeting

JPNIC

Nov. 28

Domain Names and ICANN in 2008
（in Japanese）

Internet Week 2008

JPNIC

Dec. 11

Update of Discussion on IDN ccTLD
Fast track

ICANN Debriefing Session

JPNIC/IAjapan

Nov. 12

*1
*2
*3
*4
*5
*6
*7
*8
*9
*10
*11
*12
*13
*14
*15
*16
*17
*18

24

Title

JANOG: JApan Network Operators’ Group
ccNSO: Country Code Names Supporting Organization
APTLD: Asia Pacific Top Level Domain Association
JPNIC: Japan Network Information Center
IAjapan: Internet Association Japan
AsiaBDCon 2008 Executive Committee
Opera Software International AS
CENTR: Council of European National Top Level Domain Registries
RIPE: Reseaux IP Europeens
Network Design Inc.
APWG: Anti-Phishing Working GroupIntertop Tokyo 2008 Executive Committee
Information Processing Society of Japan
Council of Anti-Phishing Japan
RentalServer Org
OARC: Operations, Analysis, and Research Center
CMP Technology Japan Co., Ld.
DNSOPS.JP: DNS Operators Group, Japan

http://www.janog.gr.jp/
http://ccnso.icann.org/
http://www.aptld.org/
http://www.nic.ad.jp/
http://www.iajapan.org/
http://2008.asiabsdcon.org/index.ja.html
http://jp.opera.com/press/facts/#jp
http://www.centr.org/
http://www.ripe.net/ripe/
http://www.networkdesign.jp/company/
http://www.antiphishing.jp/
http://www.interop.jp/
http://www.ipsj.or.jp/
http://www.antiphishing.jp/
http://www.rentalserver.org/
https://www.dns-oarc.net/
http://www.cmptech.jp/
http://dnsops.jp/

3 -4 Press Releases* Original releases are written in Japanese

Date

Title

Feb. 5The M-Root DNS server has its IPv6 address registered in the root zone, making DNS queries in IPv6
possible, and further accelerating the transition to IPv6

Feb. 15JPRS Supports ThinkQuest@JAPAN 2008, a Web Contest for Junior-high and High-school Students andGives the “Best Domain Naming Award（JPRS Special Award）”– Supporting the Internet education of young people by enabling them to experience the use of JP domain names –Mar. 4

Cumulative Number of Registered JP Domain Names Exceeds One Million– Making rapid progress in General-use JP domain names, the number of JP domain name registrations
quadruples in seven years –Mar. 26

JPRS Releases "JP Domain Name Registry Report 2007"– The number of JP registrations reached one million, thanks to improved cost performance and usability,
such as lowering the registration fee of General-use JP domain names and implementing a registration
recovery procedure –Jul. 29

JPRS to Give “Internet Lecture” for Teachers of Technical High Schools on August 1– Enhancing Internet education for high-school students by cooperating with the summer seminar held by
the National Association of Principals of Technical Senior High Schools –Sep. 17

JPRS Supports ThinkQuest@JAPAN 2009, a Web Contest for Junior-high and High-school Students– Supporting the Internet education of young people by enabling them to experience the use of JP domain names –Oct. 14JPRS Launches a Website Called “Starting Company Websites and Email Addresses with ‘CO.JP’”（http://nippon-kigyo.jp/）for Promoting “CO.JP” Domain Names– Enhancing understanding and use of “CO.JP” domain names by explaining the advantages of “CO.JP” andintroducing examples of use –Please refer to “Press Release”（http//jprs.co.jp/en/press/）for the latest information.

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JPRS, Japan Registry Services and other trademarks, service marks and designs areregistered or unregistered trademarks of Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd. in Japanand other countries. All other trademarks not owned by Japan Registry Services Co.,
Ltd. that appear in this report are the property of their respective owners.

25

Japan Registry Services Co.,Ltd.
http://jprs.jp/