2015 .1-12

JP Domain Name
Registry ReportJapan Registry Services Co.,Ltd.

Introduction
As the Internet is being used in increasingly diverse areas of society, the need fordomain names is growing and the area of domain name use is getting broader. With
this background, the total number of registered JP domain names topped 1.4 million in
October 2015. Especially, as many as 370,000 names are registered under “co.jp,”
making it the most registered category in the Organizational Type JP Domain Name,the domain name space categorized by organizational type of registrants. 97% of
publicly-listed companies in Japan have already registered “co.jp” domain names,
which indicates that many companies regard “co.jp” as the most suitable domain forcorporate websites.
In 2015, JPRS worked on a number of projects such as provision of the JP Domain
Name Usage Support Program for Students and expansion of the definition oforganizations eligible for the Organizational Type JP Domain Name in order to meetthe increasing demand for domain names.
With respect to the trend of the global domain name industry, the New gTLD Programof ICANN*1 enabled a number of new gTLDs to start operation one after another,leading to the launch of websites with those new gTLD domain names.
In addition, there have been challenges that threaten the Internet infrastructure such as
domain name hijacking caused by unauthorized alteration of registration data inregistry or registrar databases, DDoS attacks exploiting the mechanism of the domainname system (DNS) and detection of vulnerabilities in DNS software.
As a company supporting the basis of the Internet society through JP domain names
and DNS, JPRS is striving to make the Internet safe for everyone to use. To this end,
JPRS promptly provides information and deals with risks and challenges related todomain names and DNS as they arise. JPRS also actively contributes to discussions ofglobal issues and conveys relevant information to the communities in Japan.
In addition to the above, JPRS is committed to its ongoing operations to improve JP
domain name services, develop systems, and carry out promotional activities tofacilitate the use of JP domain names and deliver greater value to users.
The management and administration of JP domain names require a high level ofcommitment to enhancing the public interest and getting ahead in the competition.
Recognizing this vital nature of its services and influence on society, JPRS carries out
its tasks and publishes the annual “JP Domain Name Registry Report” on its
management and administration of JP domain names.
JPRS will continue to ensure that JP domain names remain useful and contribute to thedevelopment of the Internet society.

Koki Higashida
President
Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.
*1 ICANN: Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
https://www.icann.org/

Registry Report
Index
01 Registry Activities
01・1 Goal of JPRS as the JP Domain Name Registry02

01・2 Activities in 201503

01・3 International Relations08

01・4 Activities in Japan21

01・5 Overview of this Term’s Activities and Challenges for the Future

24

02 Statistical Information
02・1 Change in the Cumulative Number of Registered JP Domain Names

26

02・2 Breakdown of the Cumulative Number of Registered JP Domain Names

27

02・3 Number of JP Domain Name Registrations by Prefecture28

02・4 Transition of DNS Configuration Rate

29

02・5 Number of Accredited JP Registrars

30

02・6 Number of Complaints Based on JP Domain Name
Dispute Resolution Policy (JP-DRP)

31

03 Reference
03・1 History32

03・2 JP Domain Name Advisory Committee

33

03・3 Proposals and Presentations

36

03・4 Press Releases

38

03・5 Provision of Technical Information Related to DNS

39Registry Report01

01 Registry Activities

01・1

Goal of JPRS as the JP Domain Name Registry

Our main objectives as the registry are: to continuously improve the value of JP domain names; to gain stronger

support from the local and global Internet community; and to provide domain names as well as management andadministration services that contribute to society in an environment where JPRS competes and collaborates withother registries of TLDs*1 and similar service providers.

JPRS defines the following as the core concepts for the registration and administration of JP domain names.
Reliability: establishing domain name space with the public trust

Stability: operating and administering the stable domain name system (DNS)

Usability: providing accessible domain name services which meet users' needs
Fee Performance: providing services at reasonable fees

With the mission of supporting the Internet infrastructure, JPRS considers it important to ensure reliability andstability while pursuing a good balance with usability and fee performance.

*1 TLD: Top Level Domain

02

Registry Report

01・2

Activities in 2015

In 2015, JPRS continued to contribute to the development of the Internet society and worked to enhance its
registry services and the value of JP domain names in cooperation with the JP Registrars and other relatedorganizations.

Publication of “Internet White Paper 2015” (January)
JPRS has been collaborating with Impress R&D*1, IAjapan*2 and JPNIC*3 in the Internet White Paper Editorial
Committee in the planning and steering of the White Paper since 2013. “Internet White Paper 2015 (subtitle:
Digital Society Accelerates)” was published on January 30 with the Internet White Paper Editorial Committee as

the editor.

“Internet White Paper” is a yearbook that summarizes the current state of the Internet from various perspectives
including that of business, society and technology, and it has reported on the trend of the Internet in Japan since 1996.
https://jprs.co.jp/topics/2015/150203.html (in Japanese)

Addition of “Internet White Paper 2013-2014” to “Internet White Paper ARCHIVES” (February)“Internet White Paper 2013-2014” published in 2014 was added to “Internet White Paper ARCHIVES,” the websiteorganized and operated by the Internet White Paper Editorial Committee.

“Internet White Paper ARCHIVES” is a compendium of Internet White Papers, which are published annually andspan from 1996 to the previous year's edition. The archive is publicly available free of charge. Going forward, thewhite paper that becomes a back issue in the year following its publication will also be added to the archive.
https://jprs.co.jp/topics/2015/150212.html (in Japanese)

17th Japan Junior/Senior High School Web Contest (February)
JPRS supported the “17th Japan Junior/Senior High School Web Contest*4,” a Web contest was held by JAPIAS*5
for junior and senior high school students. JPRS provided 706 General-use JP domain names (both in Japaneseand ASCII) free of charge for the works of 353 teams so that they could have original domain names.

JPRS also presented the “Best Domain Naming Award” to the team who had chosen the most effective domainname to increase the appeal of their work.

https://jprs.co.jp/press/2015/150223.html (in Japanese)

APTLD Fukuoka Meeting and APRICOT-APAN 2015 (February-March)
JPRS served as the local host for the APTLD*6 Meeting organized in Fukuoka City, Fukuoka Prefecture andsupported the operation. JPRS also sponsored APRICOT-APAN 2015*7 held at the same venue and participatedin various activities of the event including giving a presentation at its exhibition booth.

*1 Impress R&D
http://www.impressrd.jp/ (in Japanese)*2 IAjapan: Internet Association Japan
https://www.iajapan.org/index-en.html*3 JPNIC: Japan Network Information Center
https://www.nic.ad.jp/en/*4 Japan Junior/Senior High School Web Contest(formerly Think Quest JAPAN)
http://webcon.japias.jp/ (in Japanese)*5 JAPIAS: Japan Association for Promotion of Internet
Application in School Education
http://japias.jp/en/index.html*6 APTLD: Asia Pacific Top Level Domain Association
http://www.aptld.org/*7 APRICOT-APAN 2015
https://2015.apricot.net/

Registry Report03

01 Registry Activities

ED.JP Domain Name Registration Service Changed to Accept “Center for Early
Childhood Education and Care” (April)
The revised “Act on Advancement of Comprehensive Service Related to Education, Child Care, etc. of PreschoolChildren” (Center for Early Childhood Education and Care Act) took effect on April 1, 2015. Accordingly, JPRS
changed its service to make ED.JP Domain Name available to centers for early childhood eduction and care.
https://jprs.jp/whatsnew/notice/2015/20150421-youho.html (in Japanese)

Publication of the English Version of “History of Internet Resources Management inJapan― Focusing on Domain Name and IP Address” (May)JPNIC and JPRS released the English version of the web content “History of Internet Resources Management inJapan ― Focusing on Domain Name and IP Address (in Japanese)” originally published in 2014. JPNIC andJPRS have been collaborating to compile a comprehensive and easy-to-follow history that explains the evolutionof the Internet in Japan from the perspective of Internet resource management. This document was developedby the History Compilation Team, which was organized jointly by JPNIC and JPRS, as part of its activities.
https://jprs.co.jp/en/topics/2015/150507.html

Free Cartoon Booklet on the Internet System Sent to Junior and Senior High Schools
and Technical Colleges across Japan (May)“Info-Communications Promotion Month” is a nationwide initiative that has been

conducted as part of Internet-related educational activities. In line with this, from May 15

to June 30, JPRS set up channels including a special website “http://マンガで学ぶ.jp”(learn from Manga) where junior and senior high schools and technical colleges could

apply for the distribution of educational material produced by JPRS. JPRS distributed thematerial free of charge to those who applied. Recognizing the growing importance ofInternet-related education and shortage of teaching materials in schools, JPRS has

worked on this project since 2010. The number of copies distributed in these six years
exceeds 170,000. The material that JPRS distributed is a graphical comic-style booklet
entitled “Ponta's Great Adventure in the Network.” It contains a story with many

illustrations to help readers learn how to reach particular websites and how a “Domain

Ponta’s Great Adventurein the Network

Name,” which is the Internet address, works.

https://jprs.co.jp/press/2015/150515.html (in Japanese)

Cooperation with the Company Visit of Kyounan Junior High School, Tsu City,
Mie Prefecture (May)JPRS gave an overview of its organization and domain name services to the students of Kyounan Junior HighSchool of Tsu City, Mie Prefecture. The school visits various companies to help students think about their future
career. JPRS cooperated with this educational activity of the school.

04 Registry ReportInterop Tokyo 2015 (June)
To provide information on domain names and DNS, JPRS provided
seminars and explained the basics of domain names, highlighted atechnical topic related to DNS with the slide deck entitled “Domain
Name Hijacking through Unauthorized Alteration of Registration

Information” and outlined the latest developments of new gTLDs
through presentations and exhibited panels in its exhibition booth.

https://jprs.co.jp/topics/2015/150603.html (in Japanese)
JPRS booth

SECCON 2015 (June)“SECCON 2015*8” is a series of events that was started in June with the aim of recruiting and training information
security personnel and providing a place for hands-on experience with related technologies. JPRS supported“SECCON 2015” as a sponsor.

JPRS also ran a booth at SECCON 2015 Final held in January 2016.

Conclusion of MoU with ICANN and JPNIC on Collaboration for Translating ICANN
Materials into Japanese (June)
JPRS signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with ICANN and

JPNIC on collaboration for translating ICANN materials into Japanese. ThisMoU specifies that the parties work with each other to produce Japanesetranslations of ICANN materials in order to enhance understanding about
ICANN activities as well as participation of the Japanese community inthose activities.

https://jprs.co.jp/en/press/2015/150623.html
Signing ceremony

Launch of a Joint Research Project with ISPs to Create a More Fault Tolerant DNS
Environment (October)
JPRS started a joint research project with QTNet, an Internet service provider in Japan, on enhancing

fault-tolerance through distributed arrangement of DNS servers for the new gTLD “.jprs,” which was establishedby JPRS with the primary objective of research and development in relation to the Internet. Since February 2016,
JPRS has started collaborating in turn with seven telecom carriers including QTNet, each backed by electrical
power companies, and followed up the research by exploring the issues including the continued use of theInternet after a large scale disaster.

https://jprs.co.jp/en/press/2015/150713.html
https://jprs.co.jp/press/2016/160118.html (in Japanese)*8 SECCON 2015
http://2015.seccon.jp/ (in Japanese)
Registry Report05

01 Registry Activities

Start of JP Domain Name Usage Support Program for Students (October)
JPRS started to provide a program for JP Registrars in which the registrars can allow students to register JP

domain names for free. This program is permitted in cases where JP Registrars collaborate with educational

institutions such as universities and technical colleges to help students distribute information on the Internet
through registration and use of JP domain names.

https://jprs.co.jp/press/2015/151005.html (in Japanese)

IETF 94 (November)
JPRS supported IETF 94*9 held in Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture asa sponsor and helped to organize the event.

JPRS also set up a booth at Bits-N-Bites where exhibitors demonstrated

products and new technologies applying the technical standard defined in
IETF and introduced their activities. At the booth, JPRS outlined how itapplies the technical standards in JP Domain Name and JPRS, andshowed the latest status of implementation.

JPRS booth at Bits-N-Bites

Internet Week 2015 (November)
JPRS supported Internet Week 2015 as a sponsor, and Yoshiro Yoneya of
JPRS played a leading role in planning the DNS DAY as a member ofProgram Committee. JPRS staff members also gave presentations in thefollowing programs. Megumi Harada outlined DNSSEC at the tutorial“DNSSEC Validation Starting Today,” and Satsuki Hori, Takaharu Ui andKazunori Fujiwara introduced the trends related to JP DNS and domainnames along with DNS privacy at “DNS DAY.” At the Lunch Seminar,
Yasuhiro Morishita and Yuri Hirabayashi summarized the technical

Lunch Seminar at Internet Week 2015

information provided by JPRS and explained its messages in thepresentation entitled “Cross-Cutting Collaboration through Multi-Posting ―Overview and Meaning of Technical Information Provided by JPRS: Lunchwith DNS.”

https://jprs.co.jp/topics/2015/151001.html (in Japanese)

Change of Service Related to JP Domain Names for “Independent Administrative
Agencies” (November)
JPRS changed its service so that those independent administrative agencies which are specified in the relevant
law to establish an educational institution eligible for an AC.JP domain name could register an AC.JP, GO.JP or
OR.JP domain name.

https://jprs.jp/whatsnew/notice/2015/20151124-ac.html (in Japanese)*9 IETF 94
https://www.ietf.org/meeting/94/
http://ietf94.jp/
06 Registry ReportPublication of an RFC Written by a JPRS Engineer (December)
RFC 7719 (“DNS Terminology”) co-authored by Kazunori Fujiwara of JPRS was issued as an Informational RFC.
This RFC gathers together numerous terms used for DNS and presents the current definition of each one.
https://jprs.co.jp/topics/2015/151216.html (in Japanese)

Events and Seminars for JP Registrars
JP Registrar Seminar – An Introduction to Domain Name Registration and Administration –” (May)JPRS provided basic information on domain names and outlined how to register and administer them tothe newly accredited JP Registrars and those staff of JP Registrars who recently started handling JP
domain names.

“JPRS Technical Seminar” (July)JPRS outlined the much-talked-about topics related to DNS including “DNS water torture attacks” and“domain name hijacking caused by unauthorized alteration of registration data” for engineers. JPRS also
described the issues arising in construction and operation of DNS servers and shared operation

techniques taking into account external threats in a presentation entitled “Techniques for Constructing
and Operating Secure DNS.”“14th JP Partners’ Meetings” (October)
JPRS described developments in the domain name industry, plans for the JP Domain Name including
future service changes as well as information useful for day-to-day operations.

JPRS also explained the scheme of “domain name hijacking caused by unauthorized alteration ofregistration data” and “cache poisoning attacks” as well as the countermeasures against them.

JP Registrar Seminar ‒ An Introduction to Domain Name Registration and Administration ‒”(November)
JPRS provided basic information on domain names and outlined how to register and administer them tothe newly accredited JP Registrars and those staff of JP Registrars who recently started handling JP
domain names.

Registry Report07

01 Registry Activities

01・3

International Relations

1.Participation in ICANNICANN is a private non-profit organization established in the UnitedStates in 1998 to coordinate globally the resources underpinning theInternet, such as domain names, IP addresses and root servers.

Since its foundation, JPRS has been actively participating in theorganization of ICANN and various policy discussions, and supportingthe coordination of Internet resource management led by the private
sector, with ICANN playing the central role. In 2002, JPRS signed a“ccTLD*1 Sponsorship Agreement” with ICANN, and has since been

ICANN53

entrusted by ICANN to serve as the registry of Japan's ccTLD “.jp.”

By participating in various organizations established within ICANN, as well as by giving presentations andinformation exchanges at various sessions, JPRS participates in policy development andimplementation-planning to cope with issues facing ICANN and registries. Also via ICANN, JPRS is sharing its

experience in JP registry operations with the global community, thereby contributing to the development of theInternet as a whole.

ICANN holds three public meetings each year in different regions of the world to enable global stakeholders toparticipate in person and discuss policies and rules for Internet resource management. In 2015, ICANN held its

52nd meeting in Singapore in February, the 53rd meeting in Buenos Aires, Argentina in June and the 54th
meeting in Dublin, Ireland in October.

With the participation of numerous parties interested in ccTLD and gTLD*2, ICANN has always functioned as animportant forum for information-sharing and discussing on issues on policies and governance concerning domainname management. In recent years, ICANN has also come to play a vital role in discussions andinformation-sharing and discussions on technical issues including DNS and DNSSEC.

As the contract between NTIA and ICANN was to expire in September 2015, discussions on how to transition the
stewardship of the IANA*3 function (IANA stewardship transition), which had been discussed since 2014, and on

the accountability of ICANN, were continued while gaining inputs through calls for public comment and work

done mainly by related working groups. However, NTIA and ICANN later decided to extend the contract in order
to incorporate additional inputs from the broader community. Hence the working groups continued to actively
share information with the community and exchange opinions at the ICANN meetings after September 2015.

The following reports JPRS's activities in the Supporting Organizations and the Advisory Committees within
ICANN:*1 ccTLD: Country Code Top Level Domain*2 gTLD: Generic Top Level Domain*3 IANA: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
https://www.iana.org/
08 Registry Report(1) ccNSO
ccNSO*4 is one of the Supporting Organizations set up in ICANN to assist its activities. The role of ccNSO is toform a consensus in the ccTLD community on global issues concerning the entire ccTLD space and to makerecommendations to the ICANN Board. JPRS has been a member of ccNSO since its inception in 2003, andHirofumi Hotta of JPRS has served as a ccNSO Council member during the same time.

ccNSO spent a great deal of time discussing the topics regarding the IANA stewardship transition and theaccountability of ICANN. In the ccNSO members meeting held in conjunction with the ICANN meetings, ccNSO
not only shared the status and the services of each ccTLD but also held a number of sessions for
information-sharing and opinion exchange regarding the IANA stewardship transition.

In response to the call for comments related to the IANA stewardship transition and ICANN accountability,
ccNSO Council decided to collect inputs from the broader ccTLD community not only ccNSO members. ccNSO
therefore collaborated with each regional ccTLD organization to actively disperse relevant information and gather

opinions in the meetings of those organizations and through webinars. Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS participated in theformation of opinions of the ccNSO Council as a council member.

In addition, amid the increase in attacks against ccTLDs from outside, ccNSO actively promoted participation in

the mailing list*5 which was intended primarily to share information on incidents. This mailing list has been

discussed in SECIR WG since 2014. A leaflet clearly showing the ccTLDs which were not on the list at that time

was distributed at the ICANN meetings, and the objective of the whole activity was actively publicized, resulting
in more than half of the ccTLDs joining the list.

*4 ccNSO: Country Code Names Supporting Organisation
https://ccnso.icann.org/*5 TLD-OPS Secure Communication Email List
https://ccnso.icann.org/resources/tld-ops-secure-communication.htm
Registry Report09

01 Registry Activities(2) IDN Variant TLD Program
The IDN*6 Variant TLD Program is a series of activities to develop Label Generation Rules (LGR) for the rootzone and aims to establish procedures to add non-ASCII scripts to the root zone.

The following two panels are engaged in the activities of the IDN Variant TLD Program:
1. Generation Panel (GP)Each GP is composed of key figures of each language community and experts in linguistics and domain names.
Each GP creates a proposed LGR for a given script and is organized for each script to be added in the root zone.

2. Integration Panel (IP)
IP is a panel of experts in character encoding or IDNs and is tasked with integrating rules developed by the GPs
into a consistent set of LGRs.

The IP was established in 2014, and several GPs for different scripts were formed in 2015. The Arabic script GP
and the Armenian script GP developed the proposed LGRs, respectively.

The cultural community that uses Han (Kanji) script includes the Chinese (including Taiwan and Hong Kong,etc.), Korean and Japanese communities, so it is necessary to develop the LGRs that are consistent acrossthose language communities. Therefore, the Japanese community started working on its LGR in consideration ofsuch necessity. The study is being conducted in the Japanese Generation Panel (JGP) involving experts

representing the Japanese language community, linguists and registry experts, with JPNIC and JPRS serving as
the secretariat. Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS is leading the initiative as the chair, with Yoshiro Yoneya of JPRS

participating as a member to tap into the expertise gained through designing, providing and operating domainname services.

The Japanese, Chinese and Korean GPs will continue to coordinate with each other and then respectively

propose the LGRs for their own scripts to ICANN. The three-party coordination was originally planned to becomplete in mid 2015, but work is still under way as more time is necessary to consider the LGRs in the Chineseand Korean GPs. Therefore, JGP will continue to collaborate with the Chinese and Korean GPs and consider theJapanese LGR in 2016 as well.

*6 IDN: Internationalized Domain Name

10 Registry Report(3) RSSACRSSAC*7 is one of the Advisory Committees within ICANN that advises the ICANN community and Board on

matters relating to operation, administration, security, and integrity of the Root Server System.

As one of the operators of the M-Root DNS server, JPRS has been participating in the activities of RSSAC.

Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS plays an active role in the committee as the standing proxy of Dr. Jun Murai with the
WIDE Project. In 2015, Hotta participated in the development of a guideline regarding the operation of the wholeroot server system with the other root server operators and the DNS engineers. He also participated in thediscussions to clarify the accountability of RSSAC and to make its activities more transparent, as part of theconsideration resulting from the IANA stewardship transition and the accountability of ICANN.

(4) SSACSSAC*8, one of the Advisory Committees in ICANN, advises the ICANN community and the ICANN Board on

issues related to Internet security and stability. SSAC consists mainly of technical experts such as registries,
registrars, DNS operators and Internet-related researchers.

Since 2007, Shinta Sato of JPRS has been participating in SSAC as a member. Using his experience of working
in a ccTLD registry, Sato is committed to ensuring that the Internet operates stably at the global level.

(5) DNSSEC Workshop Program Committee
As part of its efforts to promote DNSSEC, ICANN holds the DNSSEC Workshop in every ICANN meeting. ThisDNSSEC Workshop functions as a forum for registries, registrars, Internet service providers and businesses toshare their experience of deploying DNSSEC and to learn the latest technological trends related to DNSSEC.

Yoshiro Yoneya of JPRS serves on the DNSSEC Workshop Program Committee as a member representing Asiaand plays a part by planning the workshops and informing the other members of the situation in Japan.

*7 RSSAC: Root Server System Advisory Committee*8 SSAC: Security and Stability Advisory Committee
https://www.icann.org/groups/ssac
Registry Report11

01 Registry Activities(6) Root KSK Rollover Design TeamDNSSEC deployment in the root zone began in July 2010. It is specified that a rollover of the Root Zone Key
Signing Key (KSK) should be carried out when necessary or every five years*9. In February 2015, ICANN set up

a design team (KSK Rollover Design Team) that was tasked with planning the Root Zone KSK rollover and drew
up a document that specified the roles of the related parties and the process of the rollover. Yoshiro Yoneya of
JPRS is a member of the Design Team.

The Design Team published the document and called for public comment in August 2015. As of the end of 2015,
the Design Team is drafting the document that reflects the inputs received during the public comment period.

The document is intended for the first KSK Rollover and proposes that the signature algorithm and key size
should be maintained; the KSK should be rolled over on a 90-day window that is set for the Zone Signing Key(ZSK) rollover; and a fallback should be performed in case of emergency. The document will be implemented
after the approval of the ICANN Board.

The Root Zone KSK Rollover is expected to be carried out in the first half of 2017.

(7) RA Spec11 Security Framework Drafting TeamIn the Registry Agreement (RA) applicable to the New gTLD Program, a new gTLD registry is required toperiodically assess whether the registered domain names are being used for malicious purposes and provide
statistical reports to ICANN*10.

The report is called “Spec11 3b” or simply “Spec11,” after the relevant part in the RA. ICANN established a teamto draft a guideline for the new gTLD registries (Spec11 Security Framework Drafting Team) in July 2015, so that
ICANN could respond to the inquiries from the registries as to how they should implement the Spec11. Currently
the Drafting Team is drawing up a document containing the points to be considered by the new gTLD registries.
The Team consists of three groups, namely, the Registry Group, the Registrar Group and the GAC* 11 Group.

Yoshiro Yoneya of JPRS is on the Registry Group.

In the Team, mainly the Registry Group prepares the outline of the document, and then the Registrar Group andthe GAC Group review the draft.

The draft guideline will be published for public comment in 2016.

*9 DNSSEC Practice Statement for the Root Zone KSK Operator
https://www.iana.org/dnssec/icann-dps.txt*10 REGISTRY AGREEMENT
https://newgtlds.icann.org/sites/default/files/agreements/agreement-approved-09jan14-en.pdf*11 GAC: Governmental Advisory Committee
https://gacweb.icann.org/
12 Registry Report2. Participation in IETF
IETF*1 was established in 1986 by IAB (Internet Architecture Board) to promote standardization of Internet
technologies. There are a number of Working Groups in IETF that make Internet standards in various
technology areas.

Discussion and other activities of IETF are handled via its mailing lists. IETF also holds meetings three times per
year, and these meetings are attended by engineers gathering from around the world.
In 2015, IETF 92 was held in Dallas, U.S.A., IETF 93 in Prague, Czech
Republic and IETF 94 in Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture.

JPRS is participating in the standardization activities in IETF by working on
internationalization of the identifiers to be used in each protocol, suggesting
solutions to the issues related to DNS operations and proposing
standardization of the technologies employed by registries.
The following reports JPRS's activities in IETF:

IETF 94(1) Promotion of the Standardization of Internationalized Identifier Processing (precis WG)
Internationalized identifiers generally refer to identifiers containing non-alphanumeric (internationalized)

characters that uniquely identify domain names, email addresses and website addresses on the Internet.

To use internationalized identifiers, preprocessing is necessary to unify or normalize character cases andcompatible characters so that character strings can be matched up correctly.

In IETF, the way for standardization had been discussed in the precis Working Group (WG)*2 set up in June
2010. precis consists of a framework that defines the outline of the processing order, mode and the individual
options, along with the profiles that define the options in the framework to be used in each protocol.

The framework and the main profiles became RFCs in 2015, and the guidelines co-authored by Yoshiro Yoneya
of JPRS to complement the framework were approved as an RFC. Thus the working group has almost
completed its activities.

RFC 7564 PRECIS Framework: Preparation, Enforcement, and Comparison of Internationalized Strings inApplication Protocols

RFC 7613 Preparation, Enforcement, and Comparison of Internationalized Strings Representing Usernames
and Passwords

RFC 7700 Preparation, Enforcement, and Comparison of Internationalized Strings Representing Nicknames
draft-ietf-precis-mappings Mapping characters for PRECIS classes*1 IETF: Internet Engineering Task Forcehttps://www.ietf.org/*2 precis WG: Preparation and Comparison of Internationalized Strings Working Grouphttps://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/precis/

Registry Report13

01 Registry Activities(2) weirds WG
weirds WG*3 is a working group set up to develop a new protocol to replace the legacy WHOIS protocol and to
conduct interoperability tests through implementing the prototypes.

JPRS implemented a prototype while the weirds WG developed the protocol specifications. JPRS also

conducted interoperability testing with the other implementers, gave feedback on the edit of the document andhelped to finalize the specification.

The legacy WHOIS specification needed to be replaced, as the data format of responses has not beenstandardized and the specification does not take internationalization into account. Therefore, the development of
a new protocol to replace the legacy WHOIS protocol has long been an issue.

To address the issues, the weirds WG standardized RDAP (Registration Data Access Protocol), a new protocol

for queries and responses of registration data transmitted via HTTP/HTTPS. Through RDAP, the registration data
are queried with URI, and the responses are received in the generic JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) format
that is structured and supports internationalization.

The following six RFCs were published in March 2015, and the weirds WG fully completed its activities.
RFC 7480 HTTP Usage in the Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP)
RFC 7481 Security Services for the Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP)
RFC 7482 Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP) Query Format

RFC 7483 JSON Responses for the Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP)
RFC 7484 Finding the Authoritative Registration Data (RDAP) Service
RFC 7485 Inventory and Analysis of WHOIS Registration Objects

The discussion on RDAP as a protocol was concluded with the publication of these RFCs, and the practical use
and deployment of RDAP have since been discussed outside the framework of the working group. It is carriedout mainly by ICANN, the registries and the registrars.

(3) dnsop WG
The name of the dnsop WG*4 derives from DNS Operations, and aims to compile a guideline for DNS operationin general, including administration of DNS servers and registration data.

JPRS has actively participated in the dnsop WG with its expertise as the JP DNS operator, by contributing RFC

4074, presenting the issues caused by misconfigurations of DNS servers and playing a part in the discussions on
the change of DNS operators at the time of DNSSEC operation.

*3 weirds WG: Web Extensible Internet Registration Data Service Working Grouphttps://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/weirds/*4 dnsop WG: Domain Name System Operations Working Grouphttps://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/dnsop/
14 Registry ReportKazunori Fujiwara of JPRS, Paul Hoffman of ICANN and Andrew Sullivan of Dyn Inc. in the U.S. started toco-author the DNS Terminology and standardize it in November 2014, which resulted in the publication of RFC
7719 on December 15, 2015.

RFC 7719 DNS Terminology (Status: Informational)
In addition, Kazunori Fujiwara and Akira Kato of the Graduate School of Keio University co-authored thefollowing Internet Drafts and made a proposal to use the mechanism to prove the non-existence of DNSSEC asa countermeasure against random sub-domain attacks (DNS water torture attacks).
Aggressive use of NSEC/NSEC3(draft-fujiwara-dnsop-nsec-aggressiveuse-00)

Aggressive use of NSEC/NSEC3(draft-fujiwara-dnsop-nsec-aggressiveuse-01)

Aggressive use of NSEC/NSEC3(draft-fujiwara-dnsop-nsec-aggressiveuse-02)(4) dprive WG
dprive WG*5 develops mechanisms to add confidentiality to DNS transactions, to address concerns surrounding
pervasive monitoring.

In 2015, IETF published the “RFC 7626 DNS Privacy Consideration” document, highlighting the issue of DNS
privacy. The working group is currently standardizing DNS over TLS on 853/tcp port.

(5) Data Escrow Standardization
JPRS has conducted data escrow*6 for JP domain names since April 2002. It worked on the standardization ofdata escrow with a view to the 2012 round of the New gTLD Program, and Shoji Noguchi of JPRS contributed tothe activity as the co-author of the following Internet Drafts.
Registry Data Escrow Specification(draft-arias-noguchi-registry-data-escrow)

Domain Name Registration Data (DNRD) Objects Mapping(draft-arias-noguchi-dnrd-objects-mapping)*5 dprive WG: DNS PRIVate Exchange Working Grouphttps://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/dprive*6 data escrow: a mechanism to deposit registration data stored by registries or registrars with a third party in preparation for the possible transfer
of operation.
Registry Report15

01 Registry Activities

3. Participation in Registry Associations(1) APTLDAPTLD*1 is a confederation composed of ccTLD registries mainly in the Asia Pacific region. JPRS has been amember of APTLD since 2002. As the registry for JP domain names, JPRS proposes improvements of APTLD

activities, provides information and exchanges views at presentations and discussions so that the ccTLD
community in the Asia-Pacific region can gain experience and expertise and raise the level of service standards.

The groups and the organizations related to the region introduced their activities in the APTLD meetings, and theparticipants shared information on what they were implementing and considering such as the service of each

ccTLD registry and efforts to improve the security of domain names, which was followed by active discussions.
Notably in the Jakarta Meeting in September, the attendees discussed the importance of diversified use ofInternationalized Domain Names (IDN) in email addresses. As a result, the task force consisting of Hirofumi

Hotta of JPRS (.jp), Raed Ai-Fayez (.sa), Mark Kao (.tw), Yuri Kargapolov (.укр), Jerry Lin (.tw) and Jiankang

Yao ( .cn ) and chaired by Hotta published a statement entitled “The Ad Hoc Task Force Communique on
Deployment of Multi-language Email Address Technology (EAI)” *2. The statement was introduced in the session
on IDN promotion held during ICANN 54 in October, and was widely supported by the participants.

At the APTLD Fukuoka Meeting held in February, Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS shared the update of ccNSO of ICANN
as a member of the ccNSO Council.

At the APTLD Jakarta Meeting held in September, Yoshiro Yoneya of JPRS gave a presentation on the external
alerts and reports that JPRS as the registry had issued in response to incidents, and introduced the leaflet that

JPRS had created to provide information on the outline of and the countermeasures against major DNS-related
attacks, referring to some actual cases.

(2) CENTR
CENTR*3 is an association consisting of ccTLD registries mainly in Europe. As an Associate member, JPRS

shares information and exchanges opinions with other CENTR members. In addition, CENTR conducts surveys

and information-sharing among members, so JPRS is actively taking part in these activities to consider its futureservices in the light of what it learns in CENTR.

At the CENTR Admin Workshop held in Stockholm in June, Fumihiko Yoneda of JPRS shared the key points ofand the specific measures for the relationship-building between the registry and the registrar in JP domain nameservices. At the CENTR Security Workshop, Yoshiro Yoneya of JPRS talked about the external alerts and reportsthat JPRS as the registry had issued in response to incidents, and introduced the leaflet that JPRS had created
to provide information on the outline of and the countermeasures against major DNS-related attacks, referring tosome actual cases.

*1 APTLD: Asia Pacific Top Level Domain Association
http://www.aptld.org/*2 The Ad Hoc Task Force Communique on Deployment of Multi-language Email Address Technology (EAI)
http://www.aptld.org/system/files/the_ad_hoc_task_force_communique_on_deployment_of_multi-language_email_address_technology_eai.pdf*3 CENTR: Council of European National Top Level Domain Registries
https://www.centr.org/
16 Registry Report

4. Other International Activities(1) Participation in the Internet Governance Forum (IGF)
IGF*1 is an international conference that has been held annually since 2006. In 2015, the forum was held in Joao
Pessoa, Brazil in November, in which Hirofumi Hotta and Yuri Takamatsu of JPRS participated and contributed tothe discussions in the sessions on the IoT and other topics.

The high-level meeting of the United Nations scheduled for December 2015 was supposed to decide whether the

IGF should continue in 2016 and beyond. Therefore, IGF 2015 focused on producing a definite outcome and put
together the consolidated opinions into best practices.

Then at the UN General Assembly held in December 2015, it was resolved that the IGF be continued after 2016.

(2) Participation in Asia Pacific Regional Internet Governance Forum (APrIGF)
APrIGF*2 has been held annually since 2010, with the participation of mainly the members of the community in

the Asia Pacific. It has been a forum for discussing global Internet governance issues and other issues specific to
the region. Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS is on the Multi-Stakeholder Steering Group (MSG) that considers the policy of
APrIGF.

APrIGF 2015 was held in Macau in July, and was attended by Hirofumi Hotta and Yuri Takamatsu of JPRS. In
this particular forum the participants discussed Internet governance in each country as well as in Asia, and, likelast year, ICANN outlined the IANA stewardship transition and shared related information. In addition, Hirofumi
Hotta chaired the session on RootLGR.

At APrIGF 2015, the participants worked on drawing up an outcome document representing the whole APrIGF sothat they could convey the consolidated opinion to the global IGF. Therefore, a special session was held to refine

the draft outcome document prepared by the secretariat. In the session, the attendees discussed the content andpositioning of the document, and after the forum the secretariat published the updated draft reflecting thediscussion. Following an additional public comment period, the draft culminated in one of the outcomes of
APrIGF.

*1 IGF: Internet Governance Forumhttps://www.intgovforum.org/*2 APrIGF: Asia Pacific Regional Internet Governance Forum
http://www.rigf.asia/

Registry Report17

01 Registry Activities(3) Efforts Related to Internet Governancea) Input to United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA ) Regarding the
Implementation of WSIS Outcomes
JPRS submitted its comment to UN DESA on July 31, 2015, in response to the call for comments.
The purpose of the public comment solicitation was to gather public inputs for assessing the implementationof World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) outcomes and informing the review of the Tunis Agenda
adopted at WSIS held by the UN in November 2005.

Since its foundation JPRS has supported the management of Internet resources with private-sector
initiative, and therefore contributed to the public comment from this standpoint.
https://jprs.co.jp/en/topics/2015/150803.htmlb) Endorsement of Joint Statement Delivered by Internet-Related Organizations and Individuals
Including ISOCOn December 7, 2015, JPRS expressed its endorsement of the “Joint Statement on WSIS+10” delivered by
the ISOC and other relevant organizations and individuals in the Internet as part of its contribution to theten-year review of WSIS undertaken under the auspices of the UN.

In preparation for the UN High-Level Meeting of December 15 and 16, the progress of implementation of theTunis Agenda, which had been adopted at WSIS in November 2005, was reviewed. As an input to thereview, the Internet-related organizations and individuals including ISOC published the Joint Statement
calling for the continuation of IGF and expressing their position on the basic framework of Internet
governance.

Organizations and individuals were invited to endorse the Joint Statement, and JPRS formally responded tothe call by declaring its support for the statement. JPRS has been the proponent of the discussions

concerning the Internet on an open, bottom-up, diverse and multistakeholder basis, and so favored thecontinuation of the IGF which was the embodiment of that stance.
https://jprs.co.jp/en/topics/2015/151208.html

18 Registry Report(4) Participation in the DotAsia Organisation
The DotAsia Organisation*3 is the sponsoring organization and registry for the “.asia” top level domain. It is a

not-for-profit organization incorporated in Hong Kong and contributes its proceeds of the .asia registration
services toward promoting the Internet in the Asia Pacific region by carrying out various community projects.

Internet advancement initiatives of the DotAsia Organisation include the APrIGF Secretariat alongside the“NetMission Ambassadors Program” and “Youth IGF,” which are capacity-building programs for young people
who are expected to play a role in the evolution of the Internet. In addition, the DotAsia Organisation

disseminates the latest information on the domain name marketplace through the publication of “IoN Magazine,”a magazine that reports the recent developments in the Internet industry to the readers around the globe.

JPRS has participated in the DotAsia Organisation as a Sponsor Member since its foundation, and Atsushi Endoof JPRS plays a role in its organizational operation as one of the Board Directors.

(5) Participation in AP*Retreat
AP* (APstar*4 ) Retreat is a meeting that is held twice a year in principle and gathers the Internet-related

associations in the Asia Pacific region as well as the participants representing the organizations playing key rolesin the Internet in each country and region. At the AP* Retreat meetings the participants share the activities andconcerns of each participating organization and discuss how the Asia Pacific community as a whole should
address the issues related to the Internet.

In 2015, AP* Retreat was held in Fukuoka City, Fukuoka Prefecture in March and Jakarta, Indonesia in

September. In those meetings the associations and organizations related to the Asia Pacific region gave updates
on their activities, and volunteers who were playing an active role in the AP regional Internet community jointly

declared their support for the proposal developed by the ICG*5, a group tasked with carrying out coordination

regarding the IANA stewardship transition.

In the meeting the participants also considered a question raised by a member as to whether AP* Retreat should
invite participants more extensively from the Asia Pacific region, and concluded that they should take enoughtime to consider the issue. Thus they decided to continue the discussion into 2016.

(6) Participation in Root DNS Server Operation
JPRS and the WIDE Project collaboratively operate the M-Root DNS server, one of the root DNS servers, for the
purpose of ensuring the reliability and stability of DNS operations.

The root DNS server operator organizations meet on the first day of IETF meetings, which are held three times a
year, and JPRS has been participating in these meetings as one of the organizations in charge of M-Root DNS

server operations. At these meetings, attendees share information principally on the stability of server operations
and topics related to the latest technology. In addition, tabletop exercises are held as preparation for alarge-scale failure.

*3 DotAsia Organisation
http://www.dot.asia/*4 APstar: The Community of Asia Pacific Internet Organizations
http://www.apstar.org/*5 ICG: IANA Stewardship Transition Coordination Group

Registry Report19

01 Registry Activities(7) Participation in DNS-OARC
DNS-OARC*6 is an international organization established in 2004 for the purpose of improving the stability andquality of DNS through various activities related to operation, analysis and study of DNS, the system widely usedon the Internet. DNS-OARC conducts the annual DITL*7, which involves collecting and evaluating server packets

of DNS including the root servers once a year for 50 hours.

DNS-OARC has held workshops twice a year. In 2015, Kazunori Fujiwara of JPRS proposed using DNSSEC asa countermeasure against random subdomain attacks ( DNS water torture attacks ) and talked about its

effectiveness. He also presented the changing trend of the number of queries to the root DNS servers and JP
DNS servers and then made a proposal of applying QUIC*8 or TLS*9 in DNS and performing communications forzone transfers and other operations over either of these protocols.

(8) Activities in Academic Societies
JPRS continues to participate in academic societies. Takeshi Mitamura of JPRS serves as an expert member of

the Special Interest Group on Business Informatics within the Japanese Society of Artificial Intelligence, andKazunori Fujiwara of JPRS sits the Technical Committee on Internet Architecture of EIC Communication Society
as an expert member.

In 2015, the following research papers and articles were published:
・IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications
Title: Reduction of Root DNS Server Queries

Authors: Kazunori Fujiwara, Akira Sato and Kenichi Yoshida
・IPSJ MAGAZINE

Title: DNS Vulnerabilities and Countermeasures

Author: Kazunori Fujiwara
・Artificial Intelligence

Title: The Trend of Social Research Using Network Data
(Special Issue: Artificial Intelligence and Artificial Society Emerged from Business)

Authors: Takeshi Mitamura, Kenichi Yoshida

・The Journal of Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers
Title: Trend of Internationalized Domain Names

Authors: Yoshiro Yoneya, Hirofumi Hotta*6 DNS-OARC: The DNS Operations, Analysis, and Research Center
https://www.dns-oarc.net/*7 DITL: Day In The Life of the Internet
https://www.dns-oarc.net/oarc/data/ditl*8 QUIC: Quick UDP Internet Connections
QUIC is the name of a communications protocol being developed by Google Inc. in the U.S. The specifications of QUIC are publicly available. It is based on
UDP, a lightweight communications protocol, and is designed to provide reliability equivalent to the existing TCP along with security similar to TLS.
*9 TLS: Transport Layer Security
TLS is a protocol designed to provide encrypted communication over connection-oriented transmission protocols such as TCP. TLS is the successor to the
traditional SSL.
20 Registry Report

01・4

Activities in Japan(1) Participation in JANOG
JANOG*1 is the organization established to promote the smooth operation of networks through discussions andinformation-sharing among network operators to contribute to Internet users and engineers. The members
discuss various issues on the mailing list and gather at JANOG Meetings held twice a year. JANOG also
convenes its Interim Meeting as necessary between the regular JANOG meetings.
The JANOG Meetings were held in January and July in 2015. JANOG

also held “JANOG LT night #1” in August, which featured a series offive-minute presentations called “Lightning Talk (LT).” JPRS supported
these JANOG Meetings as one of the sponsors. Also, the engineers of
JPRS participated in the discussion on the mailing list as well as in themeetings.

JANOG36 Meeting(2) Participation in DNSOPS.JPDNS Operators Group, Japan (DNSOPS.JP*2) was established in 2006 with the intention of contributing to thestable operation of the Internet through the administration of DNS. Yasuhiro Morishita of JPRS participated in theestablishment as one of the founding members. DNSOPS.JP serves as a forum for DNS operators where theycan exchange and share information and discuss related issues. DNSOPS.JP holds a BoF (Birds of a Feather)
for technical presentations and discussions and “DNS Summer Days” that consists of tutorials and workshops
relating to DNS.

In “DNS Summer Days 2015” held on July 24, 2015, Yuri Hirabayashi of JPRS presented “DNS Summer Days
Tutorial-Trotter,” outlined the tutorials held in the past DNS Summer Days and illustrated the key points. In

addition, Kazunori Fujiwara of JPRS gave a presentation entitled “Recent Changes from the Aspect of JP DNS”
at the “DNSOPS.JP BoF” held on November 19, 2015 and used the query information of JP DNS to talk about
the status of IPv6 deployment, DNSSEC validation and port randomization.

*1 JANOG: JApan Network Operators’ Grouphttps://www.janog.gr.jp/en/*2 DNSOPS.JP: DNS Operators Group, Japan
http://dnsops.jp/ (in Japanese)

Registry Report21

01 Registry Activities(3) Participation in ICANN Readout Sessions
Since 2001, JPRS has been reporting the latest topics including ccTLD trends to the Japanese Internet
community at “ICANN Readout Sessions” held jointly by JPNIC and IAjapan. The sessions were held in April,

July and November in 2015, where JPRS reported latest developments and issues of the following
organizations, along with the status of the New gTLD Program and Root Zone LGR (Label Generation Rules)
and so on. JPRS also discussed the key agenda matters of ICANN with the other participants.
・ccNSO (Country Code Names Supporting Organisation)
・RySG (Registries Stakeholder Group)
・RSSAC (Root Server System Advisory Committee)(4) Participation in IETF Update Meeting
ISOC-JP*3 was established in August 1994 and made various efforts to promote the Internet in Japan as theJapan Chapter of ISOC*4 . There was a time when ISOC-JP was temporarily inactive. However, ISOC-JP

resumed its activity thanks to volunteers who realized its importance, and in 2012 it was approved as the Japan
Chapter again. In 2015, Takaharu Ui of JPRS contributed to the activities of ISOC-JP as a board member.

ISOC-JP and JPNIC jointly organized IETF Update Meetings three times in 2015, and Kazunori Fujiwara of

JPRS gave a presentation entitled “Topics Related to DNS” and reported on the development of discussions on

DNS including the status of related working groups. Fujiwara also presented case examples and introduced thewriting style of RFCs and Internet Drafts, the standardization process and some useful tips, using thepresentation entitled “How to Write RFCs/Internet Drafts” in “1st IETF Study Meeting ― Road to Yokohama.”(5) Participation in Internet Governance Conference Japan
Internet Governance Conference Japan (IGCJ*5) defines the following as its objectives and holds discussions
and information exchanges through the mailing list as well as at the meetings organized every couple of months.
JPRS has participated in the IGCJ since its inception.

1. To construct a platform in Japan for well-informed considerations of Internet governance issues

2. As appropriate, to make recommendations on Internet governance issues for in-country stakeholders and theglobal arena

IGCJ's key agenda topics for the year 2015 included the IANA stewardship transition and the developments
regarding WSIS+10.

In addition, Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS is on the “Panel for Study of IGCJ,” which deliberated especially about how
to consolidate opinions in the IGCJ among the various participants who have different levels of understanding
and views on each issue.

*3 ISOC-JP: The Internet Society Japan Chapter
https://www.isoc.jp/ (in Japanese)*4 ISOC: Internet Society
https://www.internetsociety.org/*5 IGCJ: Internet Governance Conference Japan
http://igcj.jp/ (in Japanese)
22 Registry Report(6) Submission of Comment in Response to “Call for Comments on the Proposed
Improvement of the Ministerial Ordinance, etc. Following the Enactment of the Law for
Partial Amendment to the Telecommunications Business Act”
The “Law for Partial Amendment to the Telecommunications Business Act (Act No. 26 of 2015)” was promulgatedon May 22, 2015. The law includes provisions on securing reliability in the DNS services for domain nameresolution and states that the law is directed at ccTLD registries, geographic gTLD registries and large-scale
DNS hosting providers.

The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications drafted the proposed improvement of the orders including

the Ministerial Ordinance following the enactment of the law and called for public comment from November 11 to
December 10, 2015. In response, JPRS submitted its opinion that this domestic law should not penalize

businesses in Japan as opposed to foreign companies, and the government should communicate closely withindustry to minimize the chances of misunderstanding in the interpretation and application of the law and theordinance.

https://jprs.co.jp/topics/2015/151208_2.html (in Japanese)(7) Participation in Council of Anti-Phishing JapanThe Council of Anti-Phishing Japan*6 is a council tasked mainly with collecting and providing information onphishing and issuing alerts.

JPRS gave a presentation at the seminar held by the Council of Anti-Phishing Japan on August 19, 2015 andtalked about the feature of domain name hijacking caused by unauthorized alteration of domain nameregistration data along with recent case examples, the principal damage and the countermeasures to be taken byregistrants.

JPRS has been exchanging information with JPCERT/CC*7 which serves as the secretariat of the Council of
Anti-Phishing Japan and became a member of the Council in December 2015 in order to engage more actively.

*6 Council of Anti-Phishing Japan
https://www.antiphishing.jp/ (in Japanese)*7 JPCERT/CC: Japan Computer Emergency Response Team Coordination Center
https://www.jpcert.or.jp/english/

Registry Report23

01 Registry Activities

01・5

Overview of this Term’s Activities and Challenges
for the Future

JPRS has constantly worked to strike a proper balance among reliability, stability, usability and fee performance,
which constitute the basis of JP domain name registry services, while also improving each of the four values.

JPRS moved ahead with the transition of its system to an environment where it can accept applications filed by
JP Registrars through authentication using digital certificates, and enhanced the stability and reliability of theservice. In January 2015, JPRS launched the “Registry Lock Service” for JP Registrars that prevents thealteration of domain name information without registrants' authorization. In addition, JPRS expanded thedefinition of the organizations eligible for Organizational Type JP Domain Name to meet the increasing demands
for domain names.

JPRS also tapped into its expertise as the JP domain name registry to provide information related to domainnames and DNS and promote understanding at events and meetings held in Japan and overseas. In theinternational arena, JPRS built on the cooperation with the Internet community by signing the MoU with ICANN

and JPNIC on collaboration for translating ICANN materials into Japanese and by engaging in the “JGP,” thepanel tasked with developing the rules for new TLD labels using the Japanese script. JPRS also actively
contributed to the standardization of Internet technologies through activities including co-authoring by one of its
engineers of the RFC that lists numerous terms used for DNS and presents the current definition of each term.

The year 2015 continued to see a number of incidents threatening the stable operation of DNS, such as domainname hijacking caused by unauthorized alteration of domain name registration data and DDoS attacks exploiting

the mechanism of DNS, and several cases in which urgent and serious DNS vulnerabilities were detected. JPRS
collaborated with other relevant organizations and responded to these problems by alerting the community with asummary of the incidents as well as countermeasures against them.

Recognizing the growing necessity of Internet-related education in schools, JPRS has distributed a free booklet
on how the Internet works to educational institutions across Japan for six years in a row as part of its

Internet-related educational support activities. As a result, the number of copies distributed in these six years
exceeds 170,000. JPRS also provided free JP domain names to junior and senior high school students who

participated in a Web contest. In addition, JPRS started the “JP Domain Name Usage Support Program,” throughwhich JP domain names could be registered for free, in order to collaborate with JP Registrars to help students
who will play a role in the future of the Internet in Japan.

The Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred in 2011 has added further weight to need for the reliability andstability of the Internet infrastructure. To ensure continuity of service in case of disaster and strengthen theoperational infrastructure, JPRS worked on optimizing the functional layout related to human resources andsystem between the base in Tokyo and the disaster recovery site in Kansai area which was established for fully
duplicating the operation base and registry system. In addition, JPRS put “.jprs,” launched its new gTLD for

research and development, and initiated a joint research project on enhancing the fault-tolerance of DNS incollaboration with an Internet service provider.

24 Registry Report

Going forward, JPRS plans to reinforce the disaster recovery capability of all of its services by implementing amore robust recovery scheme. It will also consolidate its operational infrastructure to improve the systemmonitoring function and security. In addition, JPRS will continue to enhance the security and reliability of its

services and disseminate information on DNS technology by issuing advisories on vulnerabilities and security
alerts to ensure the stable operation of DNS.

As the registry of JP domain names, JPRS will continue its efforts to provide better and stable services.

Registry Report25

02 Statistical Information

02・1

Change in the Cumulative Number of Registered
JP Domain Names

As of January 1, 2016, the cumulative number of registered JP domain names reached 1,410,247, an increase of
22,746 in one year.
150(Number of names)
Organizational/Geographic Type135

General-use

120

Prefecture Type

105
90
75
60
45
30
15
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
/01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01 /01(Number of names)

Month/Year
1993/01
1994/01
1995/01
1996/01
1997/01
1998/01
1999/01
2000/01
2001/01
2002/01
2003/01
2004/01
2005/01
2006/01
2007/01
2008/01
2009/01
2010/01
2011/01
2012/01
2013/01
2014/01
2015/01
2016/01

Organizational/
Geographic Type
953
1,341
2,206
4,781
15,47733,73958,549124,573
234,294
283,340
297,413309,193
327,742
346,340
363,768
378,903389,598
399,339
406,856
413,332
421,606
428,467
435,390446,004

General-use(Japanese domain name)

Prefecture Type
(Japanese domain name)183,499（ 61,507）
205,493（ 51,544）
245,100（ 45,402）
317,455（ 63,324）
439,784（116,602）
518,557（124,153）
609,983（141,858）
674,133（134,921）
740,820（133,754）
791,249（123,711）
845,054（119,337）
888,657（122,394）
915,854（126,182）
940,427（120,801）
953,041（113,521）*Please refer to “Domain Name Statistics” (https://jprs.co.jp/en/stat/) for the latest information.

26 Registry Report

8,452（1,915）
11,781（2,948）
11,684（3,117）
11,202（2,612）

Total
953
1,341
2,206
4,781
15,47733,73958,549124,573
234,294
466,839
502,906
554,293645,197
786,124882,325
988,886
1,063,731
1,140,159
1,198,105
1,258,386
1,318,715
1,356,102
1,387,501
1,410,247

02・2

Breakdown of the Cumulative Number ofRegistered JP Domain Names*As of January 1, 2016

Prefecture Type 0.8%

Organizational/
Geographic Type31.6%

CO: 85.0%

General-use
67.6%

ED: 1.1%
GO: 0.1%
GR: 1.5%
LG: 0.4%
NE: 3.2%
OR: 7.3%
Geographic Type: 0.5%
AC: 0.8%
AD: 0.1%(Number of names)

JP Domain Name Types
AC: Higher education institution
AD: JPNIC Member
CO: Company
Organizational/
Geographic Type

ED: Primary school, junior andsenior high school
GO: Japanese government

1 Jan 2016 Number 1 Jan 2015 Number
of Registrationsof Registrations

Difference

3,561

3,525

+ 36

379,056

369,071+ 9,985

4,998

4,976

+ 22

260

594

259

600

+1

ー6

GR: Group

6,570

6,807

ー237

NE: Network service

14,214

14,710ー496

Geographic Type

2,367

2,422

LG: Japanese local authority
OR: Corporation other than company

1,843

32,5411,841+2

31,179+ 1,362

ー55

General-use(Japanese domain name)953,041（113,521）

940,427（120,801）+ 12,614（ー7,280）

Prefecture Type
(Japanese domain name)11,202（2,612）

11,684（3,117）

ー482（ー505）

Total JP Domain Name Registration

1,410,247

1,387,501+ 22,746*Please refer to “Domain Name Statistics” (https://jprs.co.jp/en/stat/) for the latest information.

Registry Report27

02 Statistical Information

02・3

Number of JP Domain Name Registrations
by Prefecture*As of January 1, 2016

Prefecture
Hokkaido
Aomori
Iwate
Miyagi
Akita
Yamagata
Fukushima
IbarakiTochigi
Gunma
Saitama
Chiba
Tokyo
Kanagawa
NiigataToyamaIshikawa
Fukui
Yamanashi
NaganoGifu
Shizuoka
Aichi
Mie
Shiga
Kyoto
Osaka
Hyogo
Nara
Wakayama
Tottori
Shimane
Okayama
Hiroshima
Yamaguchi
Tokushima
KagawaEhime
Kochi
Fukuoka
Saga
Nagasaki
Kumamoto
Oita
MiyazakiKagoshima
Okinawa
28 Registry Report

Organizational/ Geographic Type
2.8%
0.5%
0.4%
1.3%
0.4%
0.6%
0.8%
1.4%
1.0%
1.1%
4.3%
3.2%
32.6%
6.7%
1.2%
0.7%
0.7%
0.5%
0.5%
1.4%
1.2%
2.2%
5.4%
0.8%
0.6%
2.0%
9.5%
3.1%
0.6%
0.4%
0.2%
0.3%
1.1%
1.6%
0.5%
0.3%
0.5%
0.6%
0.3%
3.1%
0.3%
0.5%
0.7%
0.4%
0.4%
0.5%
0.6%

General-use
2.0%
0.3%
0.3%
0.8%
0.2%
0.3%
0.5%
1.0%
0.5%
0.7%
2.7%
2.3%
43.0%
5.2%
0.7%
0.4%
0.5%
0.4%
0.4%
0.9%
0.7%
1.5%
3.6%
0.5%
0.5%
3.2%
14.3%
2.4%
0.6%
0.3%
0.2%
0.3%
0.9%
1.0%
0.4%
0.3%
0.4%
0.4%
0.2%
2.5%
0.2%
0.4%
0.6%
0.3%
0.4%
0.4%
0.5%

Prefecture Type

2.0%
0.6%
0.3%
0.9%
0.4%
0.3%
0.6%
0.5%
0.9%
1.6%
2.8%
2.2%
41.3%
3.8%
0.8%
0.6%
0.4%
0.2%
0.4%
0.9%
0.9%
1.2%
2.9%
0.9%
0.9%
6.7%
8.9%
1.9%
1.5%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.5%
1.0%
0.3%
0.1%
0.4%
0.5%
0.3%
4.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.7%
0.6%
0.4%
0.6%
1.4%

Transition of DNS Configuration Rate

02・4

*As of January 1, 2016
100

(%)

90
80
70
Organizational/Geographic Type60

General-use

Prefecture Type50

2012/01

2013/01

2014/01

Month/Year

Organizational/Geographic Type

General-use

2012/01

98.9%

93.9%

2014/01

99.0%

95.6%

2013/01
2015/01
2016/01

99.0%
99.0%
99.4%

2015/01

2016/01

Prefecture Type

95.3%

71.0%

96.0%

89.9%

96.3%

86.9%
90.5%

Registry Report29

02 Statistical Information

02・5

Number of Accredited JP Registrars

Organizational/Geographic Type600

General-use

Prefecture Type

(Number of Registrars)

500
400
300
200
100
0

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
/04
/01
/01
/01
/01
/01
/01
/01
/01
/01
/01
/01
/01
/01
/01
/01
(Number of Registrars)

Month/Year

Organizational/
Geographic Type

Prefecture Type443

2001/04
2002/01

General-use

2003/01560

2005/01553

2007/01559

2009/01558

2011/01563

2013/01566

2015/01560

2004/01557

2006/01562

2008/01557

2010/01555

2012/01571

2014/01564

2016/01

560

443

490

490

546

1,106

559

1,116

564

1,117

576

1,138

572

1,131

573

1,130

577

1,135

577

1,132

582
590

Total

1,145

586

197

577

241

582

227

576

252

1,161
1,349
1,373
1,378
1,388

*The number of JP Registrars for the Organizational/Geographic Type JP domain names is the figure after April 2002 when management andadministration was transferred from JPNIC to JPRS.

30 Registry Report

02・6

16

Number of Complaints Based on JP Domain
Name Dispute Resolution Policy (JP-DRP)(Number of cases)

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
(Number of cases)

Year
2000

Number
2

2001

11

2003

7

2002
2004

6
4

2005

11

2007

10

2009

9

2006
2008
2010

8
3
7

2011

12

2013

10

2012
2014
2015

15
7
8

*For details of domain name disputes, please refer to the “Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy(DRP)” posted by Japan Network Information Center (https://www.nic.ad.jp/en/drp/)

Registry Report31

03 Reference

03・1
2000
2001
2002

2003

2004

Dec.
Feb.
Apr.
May
Feb.
Apr.
Oct.
Jan.
Jun.
Jul.
Dec.
Feb.
Jul.
Dec.

2005

Jan.
Jun.
Dec.

2006

2007

2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015

Jan.
Apr.
Sep.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Mar.
Dec.
Mar.
Jun.
Oct.
Apr.
Nov.
May
Jan.
May
Sep.
Jul.
Sep.
Nov.
Mar.
Nov.
Nov.
Jun.
Jul.
Oct.

32 Registry Report

History
JPRS was established.
General-use JP Domain Priority Registration Application started.
General-use JP Domain Concurrent Registration Application started.
General-use JP Domain First-Come First-Served Registration Application started.
ccTLD Sponsorship Agreement was concluded with ICANN.
Management and administration of .JP TLD was transferred from JPNIC to JPRS.
LG.JP was established.
JPRS started distributing a plug-in for Microsoft Internet Explorer®, “i-Nav™.”
The cumulative number of JP domain names exceeded 500,000.
JPRS received the approval from ICANN to start IDN service.
RFC-based Japanese JP Domain Name registration service started.
“Japanese JP Access Site (http://jajp.jp/)” for mobile phones was established.
IP Anycast technology was introduced in JP DNS service ([a.dns.jp] [d.dns.jp]).
“Nihongo JP Navi” service was started.
JP Domain Name started full support for IPv6, for the first time in the world as a TLD.
The portal site “Nihongo dot JP” (http://日本語.jp/) for promoting Japanese JP Domain Name
was launched.
The portal site “Jinmei Jiten dot JP” (http://人名事典.jp/) to introduce Japanese JP domain names
using personal names was launched.
Work on eliminating risks due to improper management of DNS servers was started.
“Eki Machi Guide” (http://駅街ガイド.jp/), which provides information on areas around stations using
Japanese JP domain names consisting of station names throughout Japan, started.
JPRS started operation of the M-Root DNS server in cooperation with the WIDE Project.
JPRS started deleting improper DNS server registrations.
JPRS shortened the processing time for JP DNS update.
JPRS changed the number of GO.JP domain names which each government organization can register.
Japanese JP domain names (for public administration, judiciary and legislative process) reserved forthe government were released for relevant government organizations.
The cumulative number of registered General-use JP domain names exceeded 500,000.
JPRS published guidelines for making URLs consisting of Japanese domain names clickable in email text.
The cumulative number of registered CO.JP domain names exceeded 300,000.
“Procedure for recovering deleted domain name registration” was introduced for General-use JP
Domain Name.
IP Anycast technology was introduced to the JP DNS service ([e.dns.jp]).
The cumulative number of registered JP domain names exceeded one million.
JPRS started the real-time application process service for CO.JP Domain Name.
The JP DNS server configuration was changed (c.dns.jp and g.dns.jp added).
JPRS announced its participation in the “BIND 10” development project.
JPRS extended the coverage of the real-time application process service.
JPRS distributed a cartoon booklet “How the Internet Works” free of charge to junior andsenior high schools across Japan.
JPRS deployed DNSSEC to the JP domain name service.
JPRS published “DNS Practices,” a book on DNS, written by JPRS engineers.
JPRS decided to establish “Prefecture Type JP Domain Name.”
Priority Registration Application of the Prefecture Type JP Domain Name started.
Concurrent Registration Application of the Prefecture Type JP Domain Name started.
General Registration Application of the Prefecture Type JP Domain Name started.
The cumulative number of registered Prefecture Type JP domain names exceeded 10,000.
The TTL value of the DS RR for JP DNS servers was changed.
JPRS introduced Japanese characters into the Prefecture Labels of the Prefecture Type JP
Domain Name.
JPRS signed an MoU with ICANN and JPRS on Japanese translation of ICANN materials.
JPRS announced a joint research project with ISPs to create a more fault-tolerant DNS environment.
The cumulative number of registered JP domain names exceeded 1.4 million.
JPRS started providing JP Registrars with “JP Domain Name Usage Support Program for Students.”

03・2

JP Domain Name Advisory Committee

The JP Domain Name Advisory Committee was established in 2002 in order to maintain fairness and neutrality of JP
registry operations. The committee members from outside of JPRS with various viewpoints consider policies for JP
domain name services.
JP Domain Name Advisory Committee meetings are open to the public, and the minutes and documents are publicly
accessible on the JPRS website.

(1) Consultations and Advisories
Consultation / Advisory

Consultation Date
Document No.

Advisory Date
Document No.

Method for appointing the members of the 8th JP
Domain Name Advisory Committee

Dec. 16, 2014
JPRS-ADV-2014002

Feb. 23, 2015
JPRS-ADVRPT-2014002

Response as the registry to the misuse of JP domain
names

Sep. 15, 2015
JPRS-ADV-2015001(under consideration)*For details about consultation and advisory themes, please refer to “JP Domain Name Advisory Committee” (https://jprs.jp/advisory/) (in Japanese).

Registry Report33

03 Reference(2) Advisory Committee Meetings
Feb. 23

51st JP Domain Name Advisory Committee meeting

The committee agreed on the two draft advisories, “Method for appointing the members of the 8th JP
Domain Name Advisory Committee (JPRS-ADVRPT-2014002)” and “Recommendation of the members of
the 8th JP Domain Name Advisory Committee,” drawn up following the discussion at the 50th Advisory
Committee meeting. The advisory and the recommendation were finalized as of February 23 and delivered
to JPRS. The advisory recommended that the committee should add a representative of the government ofJapan in addition to the existing six organizations or areas. Accordingly, the affiliation and title of the directoro f t h e C o m p u t e r C o m m u n i c a t i o n s D i v i s i o n , Te l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n s B u s i n e s s D e p a r t m e n t ,Telecommunications Bureau of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, rather than the name ofa specific individual, was nominated as the representative from the Japanese government, in view of thefrequent personnel changes in the ministry.
JPRS described actual cases of malicious alteration of domain name registration information managed byregistries or registrars alongside JPRS’s effort to address the problem of attacks against registries andregistrars. The committee members expressed their views on the issues.
The status of discussion on Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) in ICANN and the establishment of
JGP were shared as the latest topics related to domain names, and the committee exchanged opinions.

Jun. 17

52nd JP Domain Name Advisory Committee meeting

It was reported that all the candidates who had been nominated in the recommendation delivered as ofFebruary 23 had accepted their appointment. Tatsuya Kawachi, director of the Computer Communications
Division, Telecommunications Business Department, Telecommunications Bureau of the Ministry of Internal
Affairs and Communications filled the seat as the committee member from the government, which had
been nominated by affiliation and title. Then Shigeki Goto was elected and appointed as Chair, and Takashi
Ooi as Vice Chair, of the 8th JP Domain Name Advisory Committee.
JPRS explained its response to the report “Method for appointing the members of the 8th JP Domain Name
Advisory Committee” (JPRS-ADVRPT-2014002). The government of Japan became a member of thecommittee in addition to the existing six members, and accordingly the Rules for the JP Domain Name
Advisory Committee were amended as of April 1.
JPRS outlined the status of JP Domain Name and the other TLDs including new gTLDs, the Law for Partial
Amendment to the Telecommunications Business Act and discussion on IDN within ICANN. The committee
members then exchanged opinions on what was reported in the presentation.

34 Registry ReportSep. 15

53rd JP Domain Name Advisory Committee meeting

It was reported that Tatsuya Kawachi had resigned from the 8th JP Domain Name Advisory Committee due
to a personnel change within the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, and that Masahiko
Yoshida was appointed as the successor.
The resignation of Kazushi Hayashi from the 8th JP Domain Name Advisory Committee as of June 19 was
reported. The committee agreed to recommend Toru Maruhashi to JPRS as the successor. The committee
finalized the recommendation on September 15 and delivered it to JPRS.
The JPRS Board of Directors submitted an inquiry entitled “Response as the registry to the misuse of JP
domain names” (JPRS-ADV-2015001). The secretariat summarized the response of JPRS as the registry
to the use of JP domain names for improper acts. The committee members presented their views on theissue.

Dec. 1754th JP Domain Name Advisory Committee meeting

It was reported that Toru Maruhashi took over from Kazushi Hayashi as a committee member as of June
19.
Based on the deliberation in the 53rd Committee meeting and the views presented by the committee
members afterwards, the secretariat summarized the overall discussion and reported on actual cases of
misuse of JP domain names detected by JPRS. The committee members expressed their opinions on thesubject.

Registry Report35

03 Reference

03・3

Proposals and Presentations*Original materials are written in English, unless otherwise specified.

Date

Title

At

Hosted by

Feb. 7

Latest Trend on DNS Security ― Basic Countermeasures
and Recent Attack Method (in Japanese)

SECCON 2014 National
Contest Conference

SECCON 2014 Steering
Committee(*1)

Feb. 11

JapaneseGP (JGP) update

ICANN 52

ICANN

Feb. 26

Introduction to JPRS ― .JP ccTLD Registry

APTLD Fukuoka Meeting

APTLD

Feb. 26

ccNSO Update

APTLD Fukuoka Meeting

APTLD

Mar. 24

draft-fujiwara-dnsop-nsec-aggressiveuse-00

IETF 92 dnsop WG

IETF

Mar. 27

Branding Activities of .jp and JPRS

Apr. 14ccNSO Update (in Japanese)

16th CENTR Marketing
Workshop42nd ICANN Readout
Session42nd ICANN Readout
Session42nd ICANN Readout
Session42nd ICANN Readout
SessionIETF Update Meeting(92nd, Dallas)
DNS-OARC 2015 Spring
Workshop
DNS-OARC 2015 Spring
Workshop
CENTR Jamboree 2015
Security Workshop
CENTR Jamboree 2015
Security Workshop

May 9

Update on New gTLD Program/GNSO Registry
Stakeholder Group (in Japanese)
Root Zone LGR and Japanese Generation
Panel (JGP) (in Japanese)
Report on ICANN Root Server System Advisory
Committee (RSSAC) (in Japanese)
Report on IETF 92― Topics Related to DNS (in Japanese)
Report on IETF 92― Topics Related to DNS (in Japanese)

May 10

Increase of Root and JP queries

Jun. 1

Actions against DNS security issues which .JP faced

Jun. 2

Registry-Registrar Relationships

Jun. 5Regarding Consolidation of Opinionsin IGCJ (in Japanese)

Jun. 24

Apr. 14
Apr. 14
Apr. 14
Apr. 24

CENTR
JPNIC, IAjapan
JPNIC, IAjapan
JPNIC, IAjapan
JPNIC, IAjapan
ISOC-JP, JPNIC
DNS-OARC
DNS-OARC
CENTR
CENTR

7th IGCJIGCJCJK Coordination Challenges and Solutions

ICANN 53

ICANN

Jun. 24

JapaneseGP (JGP) update

ICANN 53

ICANN

Jul. 1CJK Cross-community coordination for RootLGR

APrIGF 2015, Macao

APrIGF

Jul. 1

Japanese Community Activities in RootLGR
Development

APrIGF 2015, Macao

APrIGF

Jul. 1

How to Write RFCs/Internet Drafts (in Japanese)

1st IETF Study Meeting― Road to Yokohama

ISOC-JP, JPNIC

J u l . 20

draft-fujiwara-dnsop-nsec-aggressiveuse-01

IETF 93 dnsop WG

IETF

J u l . 24

DNS Summer Days Tutorial-Trotter (in Japanese)

DNS Summer Days 2015

DNSOPS.JPJ u l . 28

ccNSO Update (in Japanese)J u l . 28

New gTLD Program Update (in Japanese)J u l . 28

Report on ICANN Root Server System Advisory
Committee (RSSAC) (in Japanese)
Root Zone LGR and Japanese Generation
Panel (JGP) (in Japanese)

43rd ICANN Readout
Session43rd ICANN Readout
Session43rd ICANN Readout
Session43rd ICANN Readout
SessionJ u l . 28

APrIGF 2015 Report (in Japanese)

8th IGCJ

IGCJ

Aug. 25

Recent Interest at IETF
― Topics Related to IPv6 (TBD) (in Japanese)

Technical Committee
on Internet Architecture

Aug. 27

Report on IETF 93― Topics Related to DNS (in Japanese)

IETF UpdateMeeting(93rd, Prague)

Technical Committee
on Internet Architecture,
EIC Communication Society

J u l . 28

36 Registry Report

JPNIC, IAjapan
JPNIC, IAjapan
JPNIC, IAjapan
JPNIC, IAjapan

ISOC-JP, JPNIC

Date

Title

At

Sep. 8

Actions against DNS security issues which .JP faced

APTLD Jakarta Meeting,
APNIC40 Lightning Talk

APTLD, APNIC*(*2)

Sep. 8ccNSO Update

APTLD Jakarta Meeting

APTLD

Sep. 9Introduction to Universal Acceptance Session

APTLD Jakarta Meeting

APTLD

9th ISOC-JP Workshop

ISOC-JP

9th IGCJ

IGCJ

DNS-OARC 2015 Fall
Workshop

DNS-OARC

Oct. 3

Internationalization of Internet Identifier
Strings (in Japanese)
Rulemaking Activities in IDN TLD Character
Strings (in Japanese)
Idea: DNS over QUIC
/ zone transfer over QUIC or TLS/TCP

Oct. 21CJK Coordination Challenges and Solutions

ICANN 54

ICANN

Oct. 21

JapaneseGP (JGP) update

ICANN 54

ICANN

Oct. 31

DNS data collection and analysis

IRTF & ISOC Workshop on
Research and Applicationsof Internet Measurements(RAIM) in Cooperation with
ACM SIGCOMM

IRTF, ISOC

Nov. 18

New gTLD Program Update (in Japanese)

Nov. 18

ccNSO Update (in Japanese)

Sep. 24
Sep. 29

Nov. 19
Nov. 19

Overview of DNSSEC (in Japanese)

Nov. 19

Cross-Cutting Collaboration through Multi-Posting― Overview and Meaning of Technical Information
Provided by JPRS: Lunch with DNS (in Japanese)

Nov. 19

JP DNS Update (in Japanese)

Nov. 19

DNS Update, Domain Name Overview (in Japanese)

Nov. 19

DNS Privacy (in Japanese)

Dec. 8*2

Rulemaking Activities in IDN TLD Character
String (in Japanese)
Looking Back on the Panel for Study of
IGCJ (in Japanese)

Nov. 19

Nov. 19*1

Hosted by

Recent Changes from the Aspect of
JP DNS (in Japanese)
Report on IETF 94 ― Topics Related to
DNS (in Japanese)

44th ICANN Readout
Session44th ICANN Readout
SessionJPNIC, IAjapan

10th IGCJ

IGCJ

10th IGCJ

IGCJInternet Week 2015
DNSSEC Tutorial

JPNIC

Internet Week 2015
Lunch Seminar

JPNIC

Internet Week 2015
DNS DAY
Internet Week 2015
DNS DAY
Internet Week 2015
DNS DAY

JPNIC, IAjapan

JPNIC
JPNIC
JPNIC

dnsops.jp BoF

DNSOPS.JPIETF Update Meeting(93rd, Yokohama)

ISOC-JP, JPNIC

SECCON 2014 Steering Committee
http://2014.seccon.jp/committee.html (in Japanese)
APNIC (Asia Pacific Network Information Centre)
https://www.apnic.net/

Registry Report37

03 Reference

03・4
Date

Press Releases
Title

Feb. 23JPRS Supports “17th Japan Junior/Senior High School Web Contest” and Presents“Best Domain Naming Award (JPRS Special Award)” (in Japanese)

Mar. 26

JPRS Today Publishes “JP Domain Name Registry Report 2014” (in Japanese)

May 15JPRS Distributes Free Graphic Comic-style Booklet on “How the Internet Works” to
Educational Institutions in Japan for Six Years in a Row (in Japanese)

Jun. 23JPRS signs MoU with ICANN and JPNIC on Japanese translation of ICANN materials

J u l . 13

JPRS to Launch a Joint Research Project with ISPs to Create a More Fault-Tolerant
DNS Environment

Oct. 2

Cumulative Number of JP Domain Names Exceeds 1.4 Million (in Japanese)

Oct. 5JPRS Starts Providing JP Registrars with “JP Domain Name Usage Support Program forStudents” (in Japanese)*Please refer to “Press Release” (https://jprs.co.jp/en/press/) for the latest releases in English.

38 Registry Report03・5

Provision of Technical Information Related to DNSAs the company supporting the basis of the Internet society through DNS and striving to ensure stable operation of theInternet, JPRS publishes technical information related to DNS such as warnings on the detection of DNS software
vulnerabilities and other relevant alerts.
*Original materials are written in Japanese.

Date

Title

Feb. 19

Vulnerability of BIND 9.x (DNS Service Outage) (Published on February 19, 2015)

A p r. 27

Vulnerability of PowerDNS Authoritative Server and PowerDNS Recursor (DNS Service Outage)(Published on April 27, 2015, updated on May 7, 2015 and updated on July 8, 2015)

M a y 26

(Urgent) Facts and Countermeasures: Domain Name Hijacking through Unauthorized Alterationof Registration Information (Published on November 5, 2014 and updated on May 26, 2015)

Jul. 8(Urgent) Vulnerability of BIND 9.x (DNS Service Outage) (Published on July 8, 2015)

J u l . 29

(Urgent) Vulnerability of BIND 9.x (DNS Service Outage) (Published on July 29, 2015 andupdated on July 31, 2015)

Sep. 3(Urgent) Vulnerability of BIND 9.x (DNS Service Outage) (Published on September 3, 2015)

Sep. 3(Urgent) Vulnerability of BIND 9.10.2/9.9.7 (DNS Service Outage) (Published on September 3, 2015)

Sep. 3

Vulnerability of PowerDNS Authoritative Server (Decline of DNS Response Performance or
DNS Service Outage) (Published on September 3, 2015)

Sep. 9Publication of the Advance Notice on the Change of IP Addresses for h.root-servers.net (H-Root)

Nov. 11

Vulnerability of PowerDNS Authoritative Server (DNS Service Outage)(Published on November 11, 2015)

Dec. 2

Change of Settings in Response to the IP Address Change for h.root-servers.net (H-Root)

Dec. 11(Urgent) Vulnerability of Microsoft Windows DNS (Remote Code Execution)(Published on December 11, 2015)

Dec. 16

Vulnerability of BIND 9.x (DNS Service Outage) (Published on December 16, 2015)

Dec. 16(Urgent) Vulnerability of BIND 9.x (DNS Service Outage) (Published on December 16, 2015)*For the latest information, please refer to the “Technical Information Related to DNS” (https://jprs.jp/tech/) (in Japanese).

Registry Report39About JPRSJPRS provides domain name services such as domain name management, administration anddistribution, and also performs domain name system (DNS) operations. In addition, JPRS is
engaged in research and development of various Internet technologies.

Domain Name Management and Administration
JPRS manages and administers domain names. In particular, JPRS plays an important role as the registry of JP
Domain Name, or domain names of Japan. You may have seen addresses for websites and emails such as“http://○○○.jp” and “△△△@○○○.jp.” JPRS manages and administers a part of these addresses, namely,

strings in the form of “○○○.jp.” Domain names are the key to accessing the Internet. JPRS is constantly improving
its services so that JP domain names will continue to assist the activities of all kinds of Internet users, including
companies, organizations, and individuals.

DNS Operation
DNS (domain name system) is a system for identifying computers connected to the Internet using domain names, so

it is sometimes referred to as the “phone book for the Internet.” If DNS were to fail, people would not be able toaccess websites or exchange emails using domain names. To prevent such a catastrophe, JPRS has established a
24/7/365 system to ensure stable operation of the “JP DNS” for managing JP domain names.

R&D of Internet Technologies and International Activities to Support the Internet
JPRS takes an active part in the research and development of advanced technologies to promptly respond tochanges in the Internet environment and social needs. Specifically, it conducts technical verification for the smooth
deployment of DNSSEC, a mechanism for improved DNS security. JPRS is also engaged in standardization

activities through contributing to internationalization of the identifiers used for protocols, working out methods ofresolving issues concerning DNS operations and submitting proposals to standardize registry technologies. JPRS

actively publishes the results of these activities and shares information at IETF and other meetings to contribute to
the network society.

40 Registry ReportTranslated : 23 June 2016
Note: This English translation is provided for informational purposes only.
For accuracy, please refer to the Japanese version.

Copyright © 2016 Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

JPRS, Japan Registry Services and other trademarks, service marks and designs areregistered or unregistered trademarks of Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd. in Japanand other countries. All other trademarks not owned by Japan Registry Services Co.,
Ltd. that appear in this report are the property of their respective owners.

Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.
https://jprs.co.jp/en/