2011.1-12

Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.

Introduction

The cumulative number of registered JP domain names reached 1.25 million in
December 2011. As the Internet is being used in increasingly diverse areas ofsociety, the need for domain names is increasing and the areas of domain names
use is getting broader. To meet part of such needs, JPRS announced in September
2011 the establishment of Prefecture Type JP Domain Names as a new domainname space rooted in the local community.
In January 2011, following the preparatory phase, JPRS also introduced DNSSEC
to the JP domain name service to further improve DNS security.
In the domain name industry, ICANN*1 prepared to introduce new gTLDs, and thismajor move spurred various discussions and activities around the world.
Also in 2011, we continued to face threats to the foundation of the Internet, suchas the exhaustion of IPv4 address inventory and the detection of vulnerabilities in
DNS software.
As a company supporting the basis of the Internet society through JP domain names
and DNS management, JPRS is striving to make the Internet safe and sound foreveryone to use. To this end, JPRS promptly provides information and deals withrisks and problems as they arise. JPRS also actively contributes to discussions ofglobal issues and conveys relevant information to parties in Japan.
In addition to the above, JPRS is committed to its ongoing operations to improve JP
domain name services, develop systems, and carry out promotional activities tofacilitate the use of JP domain names and deliver greater value to users.
The management and administration of JP domain names require a high level ofcommitment to enhancing the public interest and encouraging sound competition.
Recognizing this vital nature of its services and inﬂuence on society, JPRS annually
publishes the Registry Report on its management and administration of .JP
domain names.
JPRS will continue to ensure that JP domain names remain useful and contribute to
the development of the Internet society.

Koki Higashida
President
Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.
*1 ICANN・・・Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

Registry Report01Registry Report
Index

01 Registry Activities
01・1 Goal of JPRS as the JP Domain Name Registry03

01・2 Activities in 201104

01・3 International Relations08

01・4 Activities in Japan15

01・5 Overview of this Term s Activities and Challenges for the Future

16

02 Statistical Information
02・1 Change in the Cumulative Number of Registered JP Domain Names

18

02・2 Breakdown of the Cumulative Number of Registered JP Domain Names

19

02・3 Number of JP Domain Name Registrations by Prefecture

20

02・4 Transition of DNS Conﬁguration Rate

21

02・5 Number of Accredited JP Registrars

22

02・6 Number of Complaints Based on the Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (JP-DRP)

23

03 Reference
03・1 History

24

03・2 JP Domain Name Advisory Committee

25

03・3 Proposals and Presentations

27

03・4 Press Releases

29

02 Registry Report

01 Registry Activities

01・1

Goal of JPRS as the JP Domain Name Registry

Our main objectives as the registry are: to continuously improve the value of JP domain names; toprovide the registry services that contribute to society; and to gain stronger support from the local andglobal Internet community in an environment where we compete and collaborate with other registriesof Top Level Domains (TLDs) and similar services.
JPRS deﬁnes the following as the core concepts for the registration and administration of JP domainnames.
•Reliability: establishing domain name space with the public trust•Stability: operating and administering a stable domain name system (DNS)•Usability: providing accessible domain name services which meet users needs•Fee Performance: providing services at reasonable fees
With the mission of supporting the foundation of the Internet, JPRS considers it important to ensure
reliability and stability while pursuing a good balance with usability and fee performance.

Registry Report03

01 Registry Activities

01・2

Activities in 2011

JPRS has contributed to the development of the Internet society and worked to enhance its registry
services and the value of JP domain names in cooperation with the JP Registrars and other relatedorganizations.

DNSSEC Introduced to JP Domain Name Service (January)
In October 2010, JPRS started signing the JP zone in preparation for deploying DNSSEC in the
JP domain name service. Then, in December 2010, JPRS registered key information in the rootzone for verifying its DNSSEC signatures. Using the key information registered in the root zone,
JPRS conﬁrmed that JP zone signatures were properly validated and that existing DNS
infrastructures were not adversely aﬀected. In January 2011, JPRS completed the deployment of
DNSSEC in the JP domain name service to further improve the security of JP domain names.
http://jprs.co.jp/press/2011/110117.html (in Japanese)

Issuance of RFC on Standards Track Written by JPRS Engineer (March)
On March 11 (US time), Kazunori Fujiwara of JPRS, Scott Bradner of Harvard University in the US,
and Lawrence Conroy of Roke Manor Research Limited in the UK jointly issued the RFC*1 (RFC6116:
The E.164 to Uniform Resource Identiﬁers (URI) Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS)
Application (ENUM*2). This RFC deﬁnes the protocol speciﬁcations of ENUM used to correlate
telephone numbers with URI as an application of DDDS*3. It is one of the RFCs classiﬁed in theStandards Track category.
Standards-track RFCs are important for establishing the standard speciﬁcations of protocols.
RFC6116 was the ﬁrst standards-track RFC authored by a JPRS engineer.
http://jprs.co.jp/topics/2011/110315.html (in Japanese)

Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS Appointed Co-Chair of ICANN ccNSO Council (March)
Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS was elected Co-Chair of the ICANN ccNSO*4 Council.
ccNSO is a confederation of ccTLD registries assigned to countries and territories assigned ccTLDs.
While coordinating with the other ICANN Supporting Organizations and Advisory Committees, ccNSO
plays an important role in forming a consensus across the ccTLD community on global issues relating
to the entire ccTLD space, as well as recommending policies to the ICANN Board.
JPRS has been participating in ccNSO as the registry of Japan s ccTLD .jp , actively contributing to
ICANN activities.
http://jprs.co.jp/press/2011/110323.html (in Japanese)*1 RFC : Request for comments*2 ENUM : Technology for enabling the speciﬁcation and identiﬁcation of various communication services using telephone numbers as astandardized identiﬁer*3 DDDS : Abbreviation for Dynamic Delegation Discovery System. This system applies character string conversion rules obtained in DNS searches
to convert character strings in applications to locations (e.g., URI).
*4 ccNSO: ccNSO (Country Code Names Supporting Organization) is one of the Supporting Organizations set up in ICANN to support its
activities through coordination relating to domain name resources that form the foundation of the Internet.
04 Registry ReportFree Cartoon Booklet on the Internet System Sent to Junior and Senior High Schools
and Technical Colleges across Japan (May)Info-Communications Promotion Month started in mid-May as a part ofInternet-related educational activities. In line with this, from May 13 to June
30, JPRS set up a special web page (http://マンガで学ぶ.jp) where teachers
at junior and senior high schools and technical colleges could apply for the
booklet. JPRS distributed the booklet free of charge to those who applied.
The free booklet was distributed for the second year in a row, following the
support activities conducted in the same period in 2010. At that time, JPRS
received a number of applications from educational institutions across thenation. Many teachers appreciated the booklet as a suitable teachingmaterial for Internet-related lessons and expressed their hope that it would
continue to be distributed, because of the lack of similar teaching materials
in school. The number of copies distributed in total in 2010 and 2011
Ponta s Great Adventurein the Network
amounted to about 50,000.
The cartoon booklet is titled Ponta s Great Adventure in the Network. It contains a story to help
readers learn how the Internet works, explaining how we can reach particular websites and the system
of Internet addresses, or domain names, with many illustrations.
http://jprs.co.jp/press/2011/110513.html (in Japanese)

Publication of Practical Guide to DNS Operations Authored by JPRS Engineers (May)JPRS engineers wrote and published Practical Guide to DNS Operations
This book describes DNS in detail, from the basics to speciﬁc settings andoperations, based on ﬁndings that JPRS has obtained through its technicalstudies and large-scale DNS operations conducted to manage .jp domainnames.

Practical Guide to DNS Operations

Decision to Set Up New Domain Name Space Prefecture Type JP Domain Names
using the Names of 47 Prefectures in Japan (September)
JPRS set up a Geographic type JP Domain Name Reconstruction Working Group in May 2010. In WG
meetings, JPRS studied how to enable users in various regions to register and use Geographic typeJP domain names so that they can contribute to local development.
As a result, in September 2011, JPRS decided to establish prefecture type JP domain names, a new
domain name space rooted in local communities.
Prefecture type JP domain names include the names of the 47 prefectures in Japan, such as
OOO.tokyo.jp and OOO.osaka.jp . These domain names help to associate websites and email
addresses with particular regions in Japan.
http://jprs.co.jp/press/2011/110926.html (in Japanese)

Registry Report05

01 Registry Activities

Education and Promotion Related to Domain Names and DNSJan.

JANOG27 Meeting
JPRS provided information on changes in DNS
traﬃc, using examples of cases observed after
the introduction of DNSSEC to the JP domainname service.

Feb.

13th ThinkQuest JapanJANOG27 Meeting

JPRS supported the 13th ThinkQuest Japan, a Web contest for junior and senior highschool students. JPRS provided 339 general-use JP domain names (both in Japanese andASCII) free of charge for 170 works so that they could have original domain names.
JPRS also presented the Best Domain Name Award to the team who had chosen the mosteﬀective domain name to increase the appeal of their work.
Mar.

HOSTING-PRO 2011
JPRS explained the latest trends of domain names and DNS.

Apr.

11th DNSOPS.JP BoF
At the 11th DNSOPS.JP BoF, JPRS presented a case study on how to provide communities
with technical information, such as eﬀective technical PR and the method of calling
attention to certain issues.

May

Beginners Seminar on How to Make Good Use of Websites
At a seminar held by the Chamber of Commerce in Ichikawa, Chiba, JPRS discussed thenecessity of corporate PR via the Internet, as well as the basics of domain names and their
use.

Jun.

Interop Tokyo 2011
At the JPRS booth, mini-seminars were given tovisitors explaining a basic knowledge of domainnames and technological information on DNS.

JRPS booth

06 Registry Report

Jul.

JANOG28 Meeting
JPRS presented key management information regarding DNSSEC operations in the
JP domain name space.

Aug.

260th RIST ForumAt the RIST*1 Forum, which is for discussing a variety of the latest technologies, JPRS
presented its activities for enhancing the security, stability, and reliability of DNS,
including conditions encountered after the Great East Japan Earthquake.

Nov.

Internet Week 2011
At the lunch seminar, JPRS talked about the issue of DNS not disseminating and explained
its technical background with demonstrations of correct procedures to prevent faults.
In the DNS DAY session, JPRS presented statistics on JP DNS and the global trends of
domain names.
Also, at the 12th DNSOPS.JP BoF, we gave a presentation on basic countermeasures forbugs in BIND 9, as well as registrars IPv6 information collection related to recommended
settings for reverse DNS lookups.

*1 RIST: Kumamoto Technical Innovation and Integration Research Group

Registry Report07

01 Registry Activities

01・3

International Relations

1. Activities at IETF
IETF was established in 1986 to promote the standardization ofInternet technologies. Technical speciﬁcations decided on at IETF are
documented as RFCs (Request for Comments) and used as standards
in Internet operations.
JPRS engineers are participating in various working groups set up in
IETF, thus contributing to the standardization of Internet technologies
by preparing proposals, writing RFCs, and conducting many other

IETF80activities.

（1）Revision of Internationalized Domain Name Protocol
Internationalized domain names (IDN) refer to domain names in Kanji, Hangul, and othernon-ASCII (alphanumeric) characters, or their technical speciﬁcations. IETF standardized the
IDN protocols in 2003 and revised them in 2010.
To promote IDN, JPRS provides the internationalized domain name tool kit 2 (idnkit-2), which
complies with the latest speciﬁcations revised in 2010 to the community. This tool kit oﬀers API(library) for application developers to make software comply with the IDN speciﬁcations, as well
as a set of tools for system administrators to properly process IDN.
In January 2011, JPRS released Version 2.1 with an additional API package that complies withseveral programming languages such as Java and Perl.
http://jprs.co.jp/idn/index-e.html（2）Internationalization of Email Addresses
Email Address Internationalization (EAI) is a series of protocol extensions that internationalize email
addresses and allow non-alphanumeric characters to be used in the addresses. EAI was standardized
as a veriﬁcation test protocol in the period from 2008 to 2010. Based on the results of veriﬁcation
tests, IETF is currently drawing up a standard protocol. Kazunori Fujiwara from JPRS is proposing
standard speciﬁcations (RFC) and actively participating in the standardization eﬀorts at EAI.

08 Registry Report（3）Promotion of ENUM Standardization
ENUM is a technology for using DNS to correlate telephone numbers (E.164 numbers) withvarious Internet resources, such as email addresses and website addresses (URI). IETF
standardized the ENUM protocol in 2000 and revised it in 2004.
In March 2011, IETF issued RFC6116 that revises the conventional ENUM protocol, RFC6117
that prescribes the method for registering new ENUM services, and RFC6118 that redeﬁnes theconventional ENUM service to comply with RFC6117. Kazunori Fujisawa from JPRS
co-authored RFC6116.

（4）Promotion of the Standardization of Internationalized Identiﬁer Preprocessing
Internationalized identiﬁers generally refer to identiﬁers consisting of non-alphanumericcharacters (i.e., internationalized) that uniquely identify domain names, email addresses, andwebsite addresses on the Internet.
To use internationalized identiﬁers, preprocessing is necessary to unify or normalize charactertypes and compatible characters so that character strings can be matched up correctly. IETF
issued an RFC in 2003 to propose stringprep as the standard method of preprocessing. Since
stringprep refers to the older version of Unicode speciﬁcations, it needs to be revised.
Accordingly, in June 2010, IETF set up the PRECIS Working Group (WG) to discuss revisions tostringprep. Yoshiro Yoneya from JPRS was appointed Co-Chair of the WG to lead its activities.

Registry Report09

01 Registry Activities

2. Participation in ICANN and Other International Discussions
ICANN is a private non-proﬁt organization established in the United States in 1998 to coordinate
resources underpinning the Internet, such as domain names, IP addresses, protocols, and root servers.
Since its foundation, JPRS has been actively participating in the organization of ICANN and studies
of various policies, and supporting the management and coordination of Internet resources led by theprivate sector, with ICANN playing the central role. In 2002, JPRS signed a ccTLD Sponsorship
Agreement with ICANN, and has since been entrusted by ICANN to serve as the registry of Japan s
ccTLD .jp .
By participating in various organizations established in ICANN, aswell as presentations and meetings, JPRS is discussing policies andmaking action plans to cope with issues facing ICANN and registries.
Also via ICANN, JPRS is sharing its experience in JP domain nameregistry operations with the global community, thereby contributing to
the development of the Internet as a whole.
The following reports JPRS s activities in ICANN organizations:

ICANN meeting in Singapore（1）ccNSO
ccNSO*1 is one of the Supporting Organizations set up in ICANN to assist its activities. The role ofccNSO is to form a consensus in the ccTLD community on global issues concerning the entire ccTLD
space and to make recommendations to the ICANN Board. Since ccNSO was established in 2003,
JPRS has been a member and also served as a ccNSO Council member. In 2011, Hirofumi Hotta of
JPRS was elected Co-Chair of the ccNSO Council.
One of the achievements made by JPRS in ccNSO is the planning and designing of the IDN ccTLD
Fast Track Process. Since the oﬃcial start of this process in November 2009, applications have been
made to ICANN for 36 characters, of which 30 have been registered as IDN ccTLD in the root zone
(as of January 24, 2012).
While implementing the ccTLD Fast Track Process, ccNSO started full-scale discussions on creating
permanent policies. Major themes of the discussions were to review the deﬁnition of character strings
allowed as IDN ccTLD, as well as to redeﬁne ccNSO membership at the introduction of IDN ccTLD.
To study these issues, working groups were set up in ccNSO. JPRS acts as an observer in theworking groups to discuss the deﬁnition of character strings, and also chairs the working group on
membership redeﬁnition, taking the initiative in reviews and compilation of the ﬁnal report.

*1 ccNSO: Country Code Names Supporting Organization

10 Registry ReportAt the 40th ICANN meeting held in San Francisco in March 2011, ccNSO hosted its ﬁrst joint
workshop with DNS-OARC, an institution engaged in DNS operation, analysis, survey, and research.
In the workshop, many presenters talked about technologies for authoritative DNS servers and registrysystem operation, and implementation of solutions, putting special focus on ccTLD. JPRS made apresentation on DNS service evaluation, as well as the diﬀusion of DNSSEC validation seen from theviewpoint of access to DNS, and shared with the international community ﬁndings from its experienceas the registry.
In 2011, ccNSO also provided several opportunities for information sharing and discussions on
business continuity plans. At the San Francisco meeting in March, JPRS reported on the situation in
Japan after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Also at the Singapore meeting held in June, JPRS
talked about the considerations and precautions necessary for maintaining the ability to continue toprovide registry services.
From the end of 2010 to the ﬁrst half of 2011, a working group, comprising ccTLD registries, gTLD
registries, and technical experts, was set up to analyze the current situations of DNS security andstability. Another working group also started studies on a contact repository to help ccTLD registries
cope with incidents. JPRS sends members to both working groups.

（2）SSACSSAC*2, one of the Advisory Committees in ICANN, advises the ICANN community and the ICANN
Board on issues related to Internet security and stability. SSAC consists of technical experts, such as
from TLD registries, registrars, root server operators, and Internet-related researchers.
Since 2007, Shinta Sato of JPRS has been participating in SSAC. Using his experience of working
in a ccTLD registry, Sato is committed to ensuring that the Internet operates stably at the global level.

（3）Participation in ICANN KSK Ceremony
The deployment of DNSSEC in the root zone requires that a private key and a public key begenerated with public key cryptography. The procedure to create a pair of keys is generally called a
key ceremony.
Root servers are an indispensable foundation of the Internet, so the Internet community must
demonstrate to the entire community that there is no fraud or errors in the generation and updating ofthese keys. For this reason, prior to holding key ceremonies, ICANN selected 21 TCRs (Trusted
Community Representatives) to participate in the ceremonies as representatives of the global Internet
community. Masato Minda of JPRS was selected as one of the TCRs and was appointed one of COs(Crypto Oﬃcer: one of the roles played by TCR) in the ICANN s facility on the West Coast (in Los
Angeles, USA).
Minda participated in key ceremonies held in the West Coast facility in February and July, 2011. The
ceremony held in February (ICANN KSK Ceremony IV) was attended by 21 participants, including
Minda and four other COs. The July ceremony (ICANN KSK Ceremony VI) was attended by 13
participants, including four COs. Both ceremonies proceeded smoothly without any problems.
*2 SSAC・・・Security and Stability Advisory Committee

Registry Report11

01 Registry Activities

3. Participation in Registry Organizations（1）APTLDJPRS has been a member of APTLD*1 since 2002. As a board member, Yumi Ohashi from JPRS was
involved in APTLD operations.
As the registry of JP domain names, JPRS proposes improvements of APTLD activities, provides
information, and leads discussions at presentations and meetings so that the ccTLD community in the
Asia-Paciﬁc region can accumulate experience and know-how and raise service standards.
In 2011, APTLD chose security and new gTLDs as a key agenda, held technical training, andexchanged opinions to assist regional development. As a ccTLD oﬃcial member, JPRS madepresentations at various meetings and, as a board member, contributed to APTLD s activities andoperation through the planning of these meetings.

（2）CENTR
CENTR*2 is an association consisting of ccTLD registries mainly in Europe. As an associate member,
JPRS shares information and exchanges opinions with other CENTR members.
In 2011, JPRS cooperated with surveys on the framework for registrar qualiﬁcation and registry data
management practices.

*1 APTLD: Asia Paciﬁc Top Level Domain Association*2 CENTR: Council of European National Top Level Domain Registries

12 Registry Report

4. Other International Activities（1）Participation in AP*Retreat
AP*Retreat meetings are held twice a year, in principle, for Internet-related organizations in the
Asia-Paciﬁc region and other organizations that play important roles in the Internet in each country or
economy. In the meetings, representatives of each organization report on their activities and share
their concerns about various issues. In addition, participants discuss how the Asia-Paciﬁc community
should tackle Internet-related issues.
In February 2011, an AP*Retreat meeting was held in Hong Kong jointly with Internet-relatedorganizations in Africa. This was the ﬁrst Asian-African joint meeting. Participants presented anddiscussed activities and urgent issues of Internet-related organizations in each region, and exchanged
opinions.
Another meeting was held in Busan, South Korea in September, at which Internet-relatedorganizations of the Asia-Paciﬁc region reported their activities. Then, JPRS reported on the aftermathof Japan s Great Earthquake on March 11, sharing information about earthquakes preparedness. Also,
participants from Thailand introduced actions taken for ﬂoods. These presentations were followed by
active exchanges of opinion, making all the participants keenly aware of the need for emergency
preparedness in the Asia-Paciﬁc region.

（2）Participation in Root DNS Server Operator Organizations Meetings
IETF holds meetings three times a year, and representatives of root DNS server operator
organizations meet on the ﬁrst day of each meeting. JPRS has been participating in these meetings
as one of the organizations in charge of M-Root DNS server operations. At these meetings,
attendees share information principally on the stability of server operations and topics related to
the latest technology. In 2011, they discussed operations related to the presumed addition of newgTLDs and methods to maintain stable operation of root DNS servers.

（3）Participation in the BIND 10 Development Project
BIND is the most widely used DNS server software on the Internet. In April 2009, ISC, a non-proﬁtorganization in the United States, announced a plan to improve the security and robustness of thissoftware and set up a project to develop the next-generation BIND 10. JPRS supports the objectivesof this project and participates in it as one of the Founding members.
This project is sponsored by many TLD registries around the world, including JPRS, CIRA (.ca), and
DENIC (.de). In 2011, TLD registries and leading ISPs newly joined the project.
Since the outset of the project, JPRS has been oﬀering not only ﬁnancial support but also humanresources, assigning its engineers to development teams. In 2011, the project released thedevelopment version of BIND 10 in several phases. As a result, in 2011, its basic functions as DNS
server software were enhanced by improved DNS server performance and cache DNS server
functions, as well as additional DHCP server functions.

Registry Report13

01 Registry Activities（4）Release of the English Translation of DNSSEC Technology Experiment Report
JPRS conducted DNSSEC technology experiments in cooperation with domestic ISPs, equipmentvendors, etc., and reported the results at APRICOT2011 held in February 2011. To make the useful
results accessible to many readers worldwide, JPRS requested cooperation with the English
translation of the DNSSEC Technology Experiment Report, and received an oﬀer from APNIC.
APNIC and JPRS jointly translated the report into English. The English translation of the DNSSECTechnology Experiment Report is available on JPRS s website.
http://jprs.co.jp/en/topics/2011/111128.html

14 Registry Report

01・4

Activities in Japan（1）Participation in DNSSEC JapanDNSSEC Japan is an organization established to introduce and disseminate DENSSEC smoothly inJapan. JPRS actively participates in this organization as a member and the secretariat, with Yoshiro
Yoneya of JPRS serving as Vice Chair.
In 2011, JPRS joined the DNSSEC operation technology working group to discuss technologies andmethods for deploying DNSSEC services in commercial ISPs and explained the concept and policies
of preparing DPSs (DNSSEC Practice Statement).
At the logo working group, JPRS made a checklist and a logo that DNSSEC organizations can use toindicate their DNSSEC operations. The results of these activities are posted on the DNSSEC Japan
website.
In the DNSSEC 2011 Spring Forum held by DNSSEC Japan in April 2011, JPRS talked aboutchanges in the traﬃc observed after introducing DNSSEC to the JP domain name service.
http://dnssec.jp/?page̲id=440（2）Participation in ICANN Debrieﬁng Sessions
Since 2001, JPRS has been reporting the latest ccTLD trends to the Japanese Internet
community at ICANN debrieﬁng sessions held jointly by the Japan Network Information Center(JPNIC) and Internet Association Japan (IAjapan).
In 2011, debrieﬁng sessions were held in January, May, August, and November. JPRS reported
on issues concerning IDN ccTLD and other subjects studied by ccNSO and discussed
ICANN-related issues with the other attendees.

Registry Report15

01 Registry Activities

01・5

Overview of this Term s Activities andChallenges for the Future

JPRS has constantly worked to strike a proper balance among reliability, stability, usability, and fee
performance, which constitute the basis of JP domain name registry services, while also improving
each of the four values.

Management and Administration of JP Domain Names
Activities to Enhance the Usability of JP Domain Names
JPRS worked to improve the value of JP domain names, to encourage more users to register andmake good use of the domain names.
The Geographic Type JP Domain Name Reconstruction Working Group set up in May 2010
discussed how to facilitate the registration and use of geographic type JP domain names so that they
can contribute to local development. Following repeated discussions, JPRS decided in September
2011 to establish prefecture type JP domain names as a new domain name space that uses thenames of the 47 prefectures in Japan.

Activities to Enhance Understanding of JP Domain Names and Their Use
JPRS continued its activities to increase public awareness and understanding of domain names, while
engaging in educational activities to teach the importance of choosing a suitable domain name andpropose ways to use domain names eﬀectively.
As part of the Internet-related educational support activities, JPRS distributed a free booklet on how
the Internet works to junior high schools, senior high schools, and technical colleges across Japan.
This activity started in 2010, and JPRS has distributed about 50,000 copies of the free booklet in
two years.
JPRS also gave lectures at corporate seminars held by chambers of commerce, and provided
information at a variety of events. Thus, JPRS continued to hold educational activities to enhance theunderstanding of domain names and the Internet in various areas.
Regarding Japanese JP domain names, JPRS introduced a greater number of usage examples to help
people recognize their uses and beneﬁts.

16 Registry ReportDNS Operations
Activities to Deploy and Disseminate DNSSEC in the JP Domain Name Service
In January 2011, JPRS deployed DNSSEC to the JP domain name service to improve its security.
Jointly with APNIC, JPRS translated into English the report on DNSSEC technical experiments
conducted in cooperation with several ISPs and vendors in 2010. The English translation was postedon the JPRS website in November 2011.
JPRS also participated in DNSSEC Japan s activities and a variety of events, such as the DNSSEC
2011 Spring Forum held in April 2011.

R&D of Internet Technologies and International Activities
Promotion of International Standardization of Internet-related Technologies
To promote internationalized domain names, JPRS publicized the latest version 2.1 of Tool Kit 2(idnkit-2), which complies with the latest speciﬁcations of internationalized domain names. Version
2.1 is enhanced by an API package that is compatible with Java, Perl, and some other programming
languages.
To draw up a standard protocol, Kazunori Fujiwara from JPRS proposed standard speciﬁcations forthe promotion of internationalized email addresses.
To promote ENUM standardization, Fujiwara also co-authored RFC6116, which was revised in March2011.
To promote the standardization of international identiﬁers, Yoshiro Yoneya of JPRS acts as Co-Chairof the PRECIS WG established in June 2010.

Participation in the BIND 10 Development Project
Since April 2009, JPRS has been participating in the project to develop the next version of DNS
software, BIND 10. JPRS is taking an active part, by not only oﬀering ﬁnancial support but also
assigning its engineers to the project.
In 2011, the basic functions of BIND 10 as DNS server software were enhanced by improving
authoritative DNS server functions and cache DNS server functions, as well as by adding new DHCP
server functions.

Registry Report17

02 Statistical Information

02・1

Change in the Cumulative Number ofRegistered JP Domain Names

As of January 1, 2012, the cumulative number of registered JP domain names reached 1,258,386,
an increase of 60,281 in one year.
1500000（Number of names）
Organizational/Geographic Type

1350000

General-use (ASCII)

General-use (Japanese)

1200000
1050000
900000750000600000450000300000150000Jun-93 Jun-94 Jun-95 Jun-96 Jun-97 Jun-98 Jun-99 Jun-00 Jun-01 Jun-02 Jun-03 Jun-04 Jun-05 Jun-06 Jun-07 Jun-08 Jun-09 Jun-10 Jun-11 Jun-12（Number of names）

Year/Month

Organizational/geographic Type

General-use (ASCII)

General-use (Japanese)

Total

1993/01

953

953

1994/01

1,341

1,341

1995/01

2,206

2,206

1996/01

4,781

4,781

1997/01

15,477

15,477

1998/01

33,73933,7391999/01

58,54958,5492000/01

124,573

124,573

2001/01

234,294

2002/01

283,340

121,992

61,507

466,839

2003/01

297,413

153,949

51,544502,906

2004/01

309,193

199,698

45,402554,2932005/01

327,742

254,131

63,324645,197

2006/01

346,340

323,182

116,602786,124

2007/01

363,768

394,404

124,153882,325

2008/01

378,903

468,125

141,858

988,886

2011/01

389,598539,212

134,921

1,063,731

2010/01

399,339

607,066

133,754

1,140,159

2011/01

406,856

667,538

123,711

1,198,105

2012/01

413,332

725,717

119,337

1,258,386

234,294

Please refer to Domain name statistics (http://jpinfo.jp/stats/domains.html) for the latest information.

18 Registry ReportBreakdown of the Cumulative Number ofRegistered JP Domain Names

02・2*As of January 1, 2012

General-use(Japanese)

9.5%

Organizational/
geographic
Type

General-use (ASCII)

57.7%

CO : 84.2%
NE :4.0%

32.8%

OR :6.7%

ED :1.1%
GO:0.2%
GR :1.8%
LG :0.4%

Geographic Type :0.6%
AC :0.9%
AD :0.1%(Number of names)

JP Domain Name Types
AC : Higher education institution
AD : JPNIC Member

Organizational/
Geographic Type

General-use

CO : Kaisha (Company)
Primary school, junior andED :senior high school

1 January 2012
Number ofRegistrations

1 January 2011
Number ofRegistrations

3,530

3,512

+18

273

275

ー2

347,999

342,055+5,944

4,692

4,581

+111

Difference

739

751

ー12

GR : Group

7,428

7,627

ー199

LG : Japanese local authority

1,842

1,849

ー7

GO : Japanese government

NE : Network service

16,345

16,685ー340

OR : Judicial body other than kaisha

27,89026,855+1,035

Geographic Type

2,594

2,666

ー72

ASCII

725,717667,538+58,179

Japanese

119,337

123,711

ー4,374

1,258,386

1,198,105+60,281

Total JP Domain Name Registration

Please refer to Domain name statistics (http://jpinfo.jp/stats/domains.html) for the latest information.

Registry Report19

02 Statistical Information

02・3

Number of JP Domain Name Registrations
by Prefecture*As of January 1, 2012

Prefecture

Organizational/Geographic Type

General-use (ASCII)

General-use (Japanese)

Hokkaidou

2.8%

2.3%

0.9%

Aomori

0.5%

0.3%

0.1%

Iwate

0.4%

0.3%

0.1%

Miyagi

1.2%

0.8%

0.3%

Akita

0.4%

0.2%

0.3%

Yamagata

0.6%

0.3%

0.1%

Fukushima

0.8%

0.5%

0.2%

Ibaraki

1.4%

1.1%

0.7%

Tochigi

1.0%

0.6%

0.2%

Gunma

1.1%

0.7%

0.5%

Saitama

4.1%

2.7%

1.4%

Chiba

3.1%

2.5%

1.2%

Tokyo

32.7%

42.6%

71.4%

Kanagawa

6.7%

5.4%

3.1%

Niigata

1.2%

0.8%

0.4%

Toyama

0.7%

0.4%

0.2%

Ishikawa

0.8%

0.6%

0.2%

Fukui

0.5%

0.4%

0.1%

Yamanashi

0.5%

0.4%

0.2%

Nagano

1.4%

0.9%

0.4%

Gifu

1.2%

0.7%

0.3%

Shizuoka

2.3%

1.6%

0.7%

Aichi

5.5%

3.6%

2.6%

Mie

0.8%

0.6%

0.4%

Shiga

0.6%

0.5%

0.3%

Kyoto

2.0%

2.8%

1.6%

Osaka

9.6%

13.2%

4.6%

Hyogo

3.1%

2.5%

1.8%

Nara

0.6%

0.5%

0.3%

Wakayama

0.4%

0.3%

0.1%

Tottori

0.2%

0.2%

0.1%

Shimane

0.3%

0.2%

0.0%

Okayama

1.1%

0.8%

0.5%

Hiroshima

1.6%

1.1%

0.6%

Yamaguchi

0.5%

0.4%

0.1%

Tokushima

0.3%

0.3%

0.2%

Kagawa

0.5%

0.4%

0.2%

Ehime

0.6%

0.6%

0.2%

Kochi

0.3%

0.2%

0.1%

Fukuoka

3.0%

2.7%

2.0%

Saga

0.3%

0.2%

0.2%

Nagasaki

0.5%

0.4%

0.1%

Kumamoto

0.7%

0.6%

0.2%

Oita

0.4%

0.3%

0.1%

Miyazaki

0.4%

0.4%

0.1%

Kagoshima

0.5%

0.4%

0.1%

Okinawa

0.6%

0.6%

0.4%

20 Registry Report

02・4
100

Transition of DNS Configuration Rate

(％)

90
80

70
Organizational/Geographic Type60

General-use (ASCII)
General-use (Japanese)

50

Year/Month

January, 2009

January, 2010

January, 2011

Organizational/Geographic Type

General-use (ASCII)

General-use (Japanese)

January, 2009

98.1%

94.3%

71.4%

January, 2010

98.3%

95.4%

75.1%

January, 2011

99.0%

96.3%

76.0%

Registry Report21

02 Statistical Information

02・5

Number of Accredited JP Registrars

Organizational/Geographic Type600

General-use(Number of Registrars)

500
400
300
200
100
0

Apr-01

Jan-02Jan-03Jan-04Jan-05Jan-06

Jan-07

Jan-08Jan-09Jan-10Jan-11

Jan-12(Number of Registrars)

Year/Month

Organizational/Geographic Type

General-use

Total

April, 2001

443

443

January, 2002

490

490

January, 2003

560

546

1,106

January, 2004

557

559

1,116

January, 2005

553

564

1,117

January, 2006

562

576

1,138

January, 2007

559

572

1,131

January, 2008

557

573

1,130

January, 2009

558

577

1,135

January, 2010

555

577

1,132

January, 2011

563

582

1,145

January, 2012

571

590

1,161

＊

The number of JP Registrars for the Organizational/Geographic Type JP domain names is the figure after April 2002 when management andadministration was transferred from JPNIC to JPRS.

22 Registry Report

02・6

14

Number of Complaints Based on the Domain
Name Dispute Resolution (JP-DRP)(Number of cases)

12
10
8
6
4
2
0

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

(Number of cases)

Year

Number

2000

2

2001

11

2002

6

2003

7

2004

4

2005

11

2006

8

2007

10

2008

3

2009

9

2010

7

2011

12

＊

For details of domain name disputes, please refer to the JP Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (DRP) posted by the Japan Network
Information Center (http://www.nic.ad.jp/ja/drp/).

Registry Report23

03 Reference

03・1

History

2000

Dec.

JPRS was established.

2001

Feb.
Apr.
May

General-use JP Domain Priority Registration Phase started.
General-use JP Domain Concurrent FCFS Registration started.
General-use JP Domain Formal FCFS Registration started.

2002

Feb.
Apr.
Oct.
Oct.

ccTLD Sponsorship Agreement was concluded with ICANN.
Management and administration of .JP TLD was transferred from JPNIC to JPRS.
LG.JP was established.
JPRS started distributing a plug-in for Microsoft Internet Explorer®, i-Nav™.

2003

Jan.
Jun.
Jul.
Dec.

Total number of JP domain name registrations reached 500,000.
JPRS received approval from ICANN to start IDN service.
RFC-based Japanese JP domain name registration service started.
Japanese JP Access Site (http://jajp.jp/) for mobile phones was established.

2004

Feb.
Feb.
Jul.
Dec.

IP Anycast technology was introduced in JP DNS service ([a.dns.jp] [d.dns.jp]).
Nihongo JP Navi service was started.
JP domain name started full support for IPv6, for the ﬁrst time in the world as a TLD.
The portal site Nihongo dot JP (http://日本語.jp/) for promoting Japanese JP Domain
Names was launched.

2005

Jan.

The portal site Nihongo dot JP (http://人名事典.jp/) for promoting Japanese JP Domain
Names was launched.
Work on eliminating risks due to inadequate management of DNS servers was started.
Eki Machi Guide (http://駅街ガイド.jp/), which provides information on areas aroundstations using Japanese JP domain names which consist of station names throughout
Japan, started.
JPRS started operation of the M-Root DNS server in cooperation with the WIDE Project.

Jun.
Dec.

2006

Jan.
Apr.
Sep.

Nov.
Dec.
2007

Jan.
Mar.

JPRS started deleting improper DNS server registrations.
JPRS shortened the processing time for JP DNS update.
JPRS changed the number of GO.JP domain names which each government organization
can register.
Japanese JP domain names reserved for the government were released for relevant
government organizations.
Cumulative number of General-use JP Domain Names exceeded 500,000.
JPRS published guidelines for making URLs consisting of Japanese domain names
clickable in email text.

Dec.

Cumulative number of registered CO.JP domain names exceeded 300,000.
Procedure for recovering deleted domain name registration was introduced forGeneral-use JP domain names.
IP Anycast technology was introduced to the JP DNS service ([e.dns.jp]).

2008

Mar.
Jun.
Oct.

Cumulative number of registered JP domain names exceeded one million.
JPRS started the real-time application process service for CO.JP domain names.
The JP DNS server conﬁguration was changed (c.dns.jp and g.dns.jp added).

2009

Apr.
Nov.

JPRS announced its participation in the BIND 10 development project.
JPRS extended the coverage of the real-time application process service.

2010

May

JPRS distributed a cartoon booklet How the Internet Works free of charge to junior andsenior high schools across Japan.

2011

Jan.
Feb.
May
Sep.

JPRS introduced DNSSEC to the JP domain name service.
The cumulative number of registered JP domain names exceeded 1.2 million.
JPRS published DNS Practices , a book on DNS, written by JPRS engineers.
JPRS decided to establish new Prefecture Type Domain Names (planned to start in 2012).

24 Registry Report

03・2

JP Domain Name Advisory Committee

The JP Domain Name Advisory Committee was established in 2002 in order to maintain fairness
and neutrality of the .JP registry operations. The committee members from outside of JPRS withvarious viewpoints consider policies for JP domain names. Below are the issues which werediscussed in the committee in 2011.

(1) Consultations and Advisories
Consultation / Advisory

Relaxation of 1-domain-name-per- organization
limitation on organizational/geographic type JP
domain names in case of organizational
mergers

Consultation Date
Document No.

Advisory Date
Document No.

Sep. 6, 2011
JPRS-ADV-2011001(under consultation)＊

For details about consultation and advisory themes, please refer to the JP Domain Name Advisory Committee .

Registry Report25

03 Reference(2) Advisory Committee Meetings
Mar. 936th Domain Name Advisory Committee meeting
Committee members conﬁrmed the report Method for appointing the members of the 6th JP
Domain Name Advisory Committee (JPRS-ADVRPT-2010002), and then recommended thecandidates.

May 1937th Domain Name Advisory Committee meeting
A report was made on the appointment of all the members recommended in the 36th meeting.
Mr. Shigeki Goto was elected and appointed Chair, and Mr. Tsuneo Matsumoto as Vice Chairof the Committee.
Consultation Date
Advisory Date
Consultation/Advisory
JPRS explained its response to the report Method
for appointing
the membersof theDocument
No.
Document
No.6th JP
Domain Name Advisory Committee (JPRS-ADVRPT-2010002).
JPRS also explained its response to the report Reconstruction of Geographic Type JP Domain
Name (JPRS-ADVRPT-2010001).
JPRS explained the general situation of JP and other domain-name-related issues, andcommittee members made various comments on the subject.

Sep. 638th Domain Name Advisory Committee meeting
Committee members oﬀered comments on the JPRS s inquiry Relaxation of
one-domain-name-per-organization limitation on organizational/geographic type JP domainnames in case of organizational mergers (JPRS-ADV-2011001).

Dec. 939th Domain Name Advisory Committee meeting
A basic agreement was reached on an outline of the draft advisory report developed basedon the discussion at the 38th meeting on the inquiry Relaxation of
one-domain-name-per-organization limitation on organizational/geographic type JP domainnames in case of organizational mergers .

26 Registry Report

03・3

Proposals and Presentations* Original materials are written in English, unless otherwise speciﬁed.

DateJan. 20

Title
What is returned by JP DNSAtHosted by

JANOG27 Meeting

JANOG (*1)

- Changes to DNS traﬃc caused by DNSSEC
deployment Feb. 16

The way to DNSSEC in .JP

CENTR Admin Workshop

CENTR (*2)

Feb. 18DNSSEC deployment in .JP

APTLD 2011 Hong Kong Meeting

APTLD (*3)

Feb. 21DNSSEC deployment in .JP

APNIC31 DNSSECAPNIC (*4)

Executive Summit
Feb. 22

An IDNA2008 implementation - idnkit-2.1 -APNIC31 IDN SDC Meeting

APNIC

Feb. 23DNSSEC technical evaluation report of JP

APRICOT-APAN 2011

APRICOT (*5)

Conference: DNS

APAN (*6)

Mar. 3

Latest trends of domain names and DNSHOSTING-PRO 2011

HOSTING-PRO Executive

Mar. 13JPRS DNS server evaluation

DNS-OARC 2011 San

DNS-OARC (*8)

Francisco Workshop/

ccNSO (*9)

Committee (*7)

ICANN40 ccNSO Tech Day
Mar. 13DNSSEC validation measurement

DNS-OARC 2011 San

DNS-OARC/ccNSOFrancisco Workshop/
ICANN40 ccNSO Tech Day
Mar. 15

IDN ccPDP WG2ccNSO Members Meeting

ccNSO- Inclusion of IDN ccTLDs in the ccNSO ‒Mar. 27

Number of DNSSEC validatorsseen at JP

80th IETF IEPG Meeting

IETF (*10)

Apr. 20Making of Please allow duplication

11th dnsops.jp BoF

DNSOPS.JP (*11)

Apr. 20Situation after the introduction of DNSSECDNSSEC 2011 Spring

DNSSEC Japan (*12)

to .JPForum

JP s key management and DNS traﬃc by

24th CENTR Technical

DNSSECWorkshop

Changes to JP DNS traﬃc by DNSSEC -RIPE 62 DNS Working

from DSC of a.dns.jp -Group

JP experience of earthquake, tsunami, andccNSO members meeting

ccNSO

ccNSO members meeting

ccNSO

May 2
May 5
Jun. 21CENTR
RIPE (*13)

nuclear plant accident
Jun. 22

IDN ccPDP WG2- 1 vote per territory or per member -Jun. 22DNSSEC deployment in .JP

DNSSEC Workshop

ICANN (*14)

Jun. 22

Number of DNSSEC validatorsseen at JP

DNSSEC Workshop

ICANN

J u l . 14-15

Key administration operation

JANOG28 Meeting

JANOG

J u l . 26

draft-ietf-eai-popimap-downgrade-02

IETF EAI WG

IETF

Aug. 18

Security, stability, and reliability required of260th RIST Forum

RIST (*15)

BIND 10 Open Day

ICS (*16)

AP*Retreat (Busan, Korea)

Apstar (*17)

DNS
Aug. 29

Use cases of DNS servers, BIND 9
compatibility, Resolver function requirements

Sep. 2

Japan and JP registry s experience ofearthquake, tsunami, and nuclear plant
accident

Sep. 22DNSSEC deployment in .JP

APEC TEL 44

APEC TEL (*18)

Sep. 27

JP registry s experience of earthquake,

IGF 2011

IGF (*19)

web seminar.jp

web seminar .jp

tsunami, and nuclear plant accident
Oct. 12Action required for ICANN new gTLD program

Registry Report27

03 Reference* Original materials are written in English, unless otherwise speciﬁed.

Date

Title

At

Hosted by

Oct. 25

IDN ccPDP WG2 report

ICANN42

JccNSO

Oct. 25

ccNSO Update

ICANN42AFRALO (*20)

Oct. 26

Opening up prefecture-SLDs under .JP

ICANN42

ccNSO

Nov. 15

draft-ietf-eai-popimap-downgrad-03

IETF EAI WG

IETF

Nov. 15

Precis mappings

IETF82 precis WG Meeting

IETF

Nov. 29

ccNSO-related report

ICANN debrieﬁng

JPNIC (*21)

Nov. 30

What we must consider for IPv6

12th dnsops.jp BoF

DNSOPS.JP

IAjapan (*22)(but a diﬀerent subject I came up with later)
Nov. 30

Reality of DNS operation

Internet Week 2011 DNS DAY

JPNICNov. 30

DNS-related trend update - Relating toInternet Week 2011 DNS DAY

JPNIC

domain names Nov. 30

JP DNS Update

Internet Week 2011 DNS DAY

JPNICNov. 30

Dispelling the urban legend related to DNSInternet Week 2011 Lunch

JPNIC

dissemination - Lunch with DNS -Seminar

DNS DAY

Internet Week 2011 IP

Dec. 2

JPNIC

Meeting Lightning Talk

http://www.janog.gr.jp/*1

JANOG: Japan Network Operators Group*2CENTR: Council of European National Top Level Domain Registries

http://www.centr.org/*3

APTLD: Asia Paciﬁc Top Level Domain Association

http://www.aptld.org/*4

APNIC: Asia Paciﬁc Network Information Centre

http://www.apnic.net/*5

APRICOT: Asia Paciﬁc Regional Internet Conference on Operational

http://www.apricot.net/

Technologies*6

APAN: Asia-Paciﬁc Advanced Network

http://www.apan.net/*7

HOSTING-PRO 2011 Executive Committee

http://hosting-pro.jp/*8

DNS-OARC: Domain Name System Operations Analysis and Research Center*9

ccNSO: Country-Code Names Supporting Organization

http://www.dns-oarc.net/
http://ccnso.icann.org/*10 IETF: The Internet Engineering Task Force

http://www.ietf.org/*11 DNSOPS.JP: Japan DNS Operators Group

http://dnsops.jp/*12 DNSSEC Japan

http://dnssec.jp/*13 RIPE: Reseaux IP Europeens

http://www.ripe.net/ripe/*14 ICANN: Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

http://www.icann.org/*15 RIST: Kumamoto Technical Innovation and Integration Research Group

http://www.rist.gr.jp/*16 ISC: Internet Systems Consortium

http://www.isc.org/*17 Apstar: The Community of Asia Paciﬁc Internet Organizations

http://www.apstar.org/*18 APEC TEL: APEC Telecommunications and Information Working Group*19 IGF: The Internet Governance Forum

http://www.intgovforum.org/*20 AFRALO: African Regional At-Large Organisation*21 JPNIC: Japan Network Information Center*22 IAjapan: Internet Association Japan
28 Registry Report

http://www.nic.ad.jp/
http://www.iajapan.org/

03・4

Press Releases* Original materials are written in Japanese.

Date

Title

Jan. 17

JPRS Deploys DNSSEC in the JP Domain Name Service- To Contribute to the Internet by Improving the Security of JP Domain Names -Feb. 2

Cumulative Number of Registered JP Domain Names Tops 1.2 Million in a
Decade after the Establishment of JPRS
- The cumulative number of general-use JP domain names reached about
800,000 in a decade after its introduction -Feb. 28

JPRS Supports the 13th ThinkQuest JAPAN, a Web Contest for Junior andSenior High School Students, and Presents the “Best Domain Naming Award(JPRS Special Award)”- Supporting the Internet education of young people by allowing them to try
using JP domain names -Mar. 23

Hirofumi Hotta of JPRS Appointed Co-Chair of the ICANN ccNSO Council- Helping to solve global issues in the ccTLD community including “.jp” -Mar. 28

JPRS Releases “JP Domain Name Registry Report 2010” Today- JP domain names recognized as one of the worldʼ s safest country code
domains two years in a row for improved reliability and stability -May 13

JPRS Distributes Free Cartoon Booklet “How the Internet Works” to Educational
Institutions in Japan- Free distribution for second consecutive year to respond to demand fromeducational institutions that appreciate the booklet -May 27JPRS Publishes “DNS Practices” , a Book on DNS Compatible with the Latest
Technical Standards- Covering DNSSEC and IPv6, the book provides a basic knowledge of DNS andexplains speciﬁc settings and operations -Sep. 26

JPRS Decides to Establish a New Domain Name Space “Prefecture Type JP
Domain Names” Rooted in Local Communities- Registration is scheduled to start in the latter half of 2012 to contribute to
local communities and Internet-based activities -Dec. 15JPRS Distributes 50,000 copies of the Free Booklet in 2 Years to Educational
Institutions across Japan- More than 90 percent of readers responded that the cartoon booklet was“useful” for its clear explanations of how the Internet works -*Please refer to Press Release (http://jprs.co.jp/en/press/) for the latest releases in English.

Registry Report29About JPRSJPRS provides domain name services such as domain name management, administrationand distribution, and also performs domain name system (DNS) operations.
In addition, JPRS is engaged in research and development of various Internet technologies.

Domain Name Management and Administration
JPRS manages and administers domain names. In particular, JPRS plays an important role as theregistry of JP domain names, or domain names of Japan. You may have seen addresses for websites
and emails such as http://○○○.jp and △△△＠○○○.jp. We manage and administer a part of theseaddresses, namely, strings in the form of ○○○.jp .
Domain names are the key to accessing the Internet. JPRS is constantly improving its services so that
JP domain names will continue to assist the activities of all kinds of Internet users, including
companies, organizations, and individuals.

DNS Operation
DNS (Domain Name System) is a system for identifying computers connected to the Internet using
domain names. DNS is sometimes referred to as the phone book for the Internet.
If DNS were to fail, people would not be able to access websites or exchange emails using domainnames. To prevent such a catastrophe, JPRS has established a 24/7 system to ensure safe operationof the JP DNS for managing JP domain names.

R&D of Internet Technologies and International Activities
JPRS takes an active part in the research and development of advanced technologies to promptly
respond to changes in the Internet environment and social needs. Speciﬁcally, we are conducting
standardization activities and technical veriﬁcation for the smooth deployment of DNSSEC, amechanism for improved DNS security. We are also verifying the technical aspects of email addressinternationalization (EAI) that will allow non-English characters such as Japanese to be used in email
addresses. JPRS actively publishes the results of these activities and shares information at IETF andother meetings to contribute to the network society.

30 Registry Report

Registry Report31Translated: 15 May. 2012
Note: This English translation is provided for informational purposes only.
For accuracy, please refer to the Japanese version.
Copyright © 2012 Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
JPRS, Japan Registry Services and other trademarks, service marks and designs areregistered or unregistered trademarks of Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd. in Japanand other countries. All other trademarks not owned by Japan Registry Services Co.,
Ltd. that appear in this report are the property of their respective owners.

32 Registry Report

Registry Report31Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.
http://jprs.co.jp/en/