Pinus fujiii (Yasui) Miki from the Middle Miocene
Saikawa Formation in Kanazawa, Ishikawa
Prefecture, Japanメタデータ

言語: English
出版者:
公開日: 2019-03-07
キーワード (Ja):
キーワード (En):作成者: Yamada, Mariko, Yamada, Toshihiro, 山田,茉莉子, 山田, 敏弘
メールアドレス:
所属:URLhttps://doi.org/10.24517/00053571
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0
International License.

November 2014

J. Phytogeogr. Taxon.

Vol. 62. No. 1

Mariko Yamada and Toshihiro Yamada＊: Pinus fujiii (Yasui) Miki from the Middle
Miocene Saikawa Formation in Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan山田茉莉子・山田敏弘：石川県金沢市の中部中新統犀川層から産出したフジイマツ

Pinus fujiii (Yasui) Miki (Pinaceae) is a fossil species endemic to Japan and found from the Lower
Miocene to Lower Pleistocene deposits (ca. 17 to 1.75 Ma: Yamada et al. 2014). Pinus fujiii is considered to be a species belonging to the subsection Pinus (section Pinus, Subgenus Pinus) based on spurshoot and cone morphologies: a pair of leaves is enclosed in the persistent sheath and umbo of conescales has a mucro at the upper-center (perexcentromucronate) (Yamada et al. 2014). Recently, it isproposed that P. fujiii is a possible ancestor of extant Japanese Black Pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.),because these two species share medially positioned resin ducts in leaves (Yamada et al. 2014).
Although there are many Upper Pliocene to Lower Pleistocene records of P. fujiii, the late Middleto Late Miocene records only come from the Seto and the Tokiguchi Porcelain Clay formations of theSeto Group which are distributed in Aichi and Gifu prefectures, respectively (Yasui 1928; Miki 1939,1941, 1957; Yamada et al. 2014).
Here we report cones of P. fujiii from the Saikawa Formation in Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa Pref.,Japan. The age of the Saikawa Formation is estimated as 13.17-11.03 Ma based on calcareous nannofossils (Takayama et al. 1988), thus slightly older than those of the Seto and the Tokiguchi Porcelain Clay formations (10.5 ± 0.4-9.7 ± 0.4 Ma: Saneyoshi et al. 2000). This is the first finding of late
Middle Miocene P. fujiii from the deposits other than the Seto Group.
Pinus fujiii (Yasui) Miki 1939
Pinites fujiii Yasui 1928 (Pl. 20–21, Text-ﬁg. 12).
Pinus fujiii (Yasui) Miki 1939 (name only); Miki 1941 (Pl. 4, G; Fig. 5K-L); Miki 1948 (list only);
Miki 1957 (Pl. 7, H–K); Tanai 1961 (Pl. 2, Fig. 9; non Pl. 3, Fig. 10); Kimura et al. 1981 (Pl. 9, Figs. 2,3; Text-ﬁgs. 2a-c).
Pinus miocenica Tanai, Matsuo 1963 (pl. 43, Fig. 5); Ina 1981 (Pl. 2, Fig. 1).
Locality: Riverbed of Sai River in Okuwa (Onma)-cho, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa Pref., Japan (N36°31′41.9″E136°41′4.4″).
Fossil horizon: late Middle Miocene Saikawa Formation (ca. 13-11 Ma)
Repository: Osaka Museum of Natural History. OSA TB9000 (Figs. 1A, B); OSA TB9001 (Fig. 1C);OSA TB9002 (Fig. 1D); OSA TB9003 (Fig. 1E)
Description: Mature female cones conical to ovoid, ca. 70 mm long x 20-30 mm wide (Figs. 1A-C).
Cone bases cordate (Figs. 1A, C). About sixty cone scales arranged in 5+8 parastichy (Figs. 1A, E).
Apophyses rhombic, moderately swollen, and 8-12 mm wide x 5-8 mm high at the middle of the cone(Figs. 1A, D). Apophysis with an umbo on the dorsal side, a weak transverse keel, and weak vallum (Figs.
1A, B). Umbo rhombic to elliptic, 1.8-2.6 mm wide x 1.4-2.0 mm high, located at one-half to onethird from the upper corner of the apophysis (Fig. 1B). Lower half of the umbo depressed (Fig. 1B).
Obtusely pointed mucro at the upper-center (perexcentromucronate) of the umbo (Fig. 1B). Immature
female cone ovoid, 19 mm long x 12 mm wide, with a convex base (Fig. 1E).
Remarks: Our specimens are also similar to Pinus premassoniana Su-Ting Ding and Bai-Nian Sun
from the upper Miocene of Zhejiang Province, China in umbo characters (Ding et al. 2013). However,these could be distinguished from P. premassoniana in having a weak transverse keel and a vallum.
Acknowledgements
We thank T. Watanabe for providing a cone specimen. M. Tsukagoshi helped to access specimens
stored in the Osaka Museum of Natural History.

－ 29 －植物地理・分類研究

第 62 巻第 1 号2014 年 11 月Fig. 1. Pinus fujiii cones from the Saikawa Formation. A. Lateral view showing general morphology. OSA
TB9000. B. Close-up of an umbo in A. C. Lateral view of OSA TB9001. D. Apical view of OSA TB9002.
E. Immature cone. OSA TB9003. m, mucro. Bar = 1cm A, C-E and 5mm in B.

References
Ding, S.T., Wu, J.Y., Chen, J.L., Yang, Y., Yan, D.F. and Sun, B.N. 2013. Pinus premassoniana sp.
nov., and associated pollen cone from the upper Miocene in East China. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol.
197: 78-89.
Miki, S. 1939. On the remains of Pinus trifolia n. sp. in the Upper Tertiary from Central Honsyu inJapan. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 53: 239-246, pl 4.
Miki, S. 1941. On the change of flora in Eastern Asia since Tertiary Period. (I) The clay or lignite
beds flora in Japan with special reference to the Pinus trifolia beds in Central Hondo. Jpn. J. Bot.
11: 237-303, pls 4-7.
Miki, S. 1957. Pinaceae of Japan, with special reference to its remains. J. Inst. Polytech. Osaka City
Univ. Ser. D 8: 221-272, pls 1-10.
Saneyoshi, M., Nakayama, K., Tsukagoshi, M. 2000. Depositional processes of plant material assemblages in fluvial sediments: examples from the plant megafossils in Miocene Tokiguchi Porcelain
Clay Formation at Onada mine in Tajimi, central Japan. Earth. Sci. 54: 127-43 (in Japanese withEnglish abstract).
Takayama, T., Kato, M., Kudo, T., Sato, T., Kameo, K. 1988. Calcareous microfossil biostratigraphy of
the uppermost Cenozoic formations distributed in the coast of the Japan Sea — Part 2: Hokuriku
Sedimentary Basin —. J. Jpn. Assoc. Petrol. Technol. 53: 9-27 (in Japanese with English abstract).
Yamada, T., Yamada, M., Tsukagoshi, M. 2014. Fossil records of subsection Pinus (genus Pinus, Pinaceae) from the Cenozoic in Japan. J. Plant Res 127: 193-208.
Yasui, K. 1928. Studies on the structure of lignite, brown coal, and bituminous coal in Japan. J. Fac.
－ 30 －November 2014

J. Phytogeogr. Taxon.

Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo Sect. 3 Bot. 3: 381-468, pls 9-24.
〒 920-1192 石川県金沢市角間町）（金沢大学理工研究域自然システム学系（Received April 30, 2014; accepted August 14, 2014）－ 31 －Vol. 62. No. 1