How Indonesia Tackles Peatland Fire

Lailan Syaufina
Faculty of Forestry and Environment
IPB University
INDONESIA
lailans@apps.ipb.ac.id

Presented in ASEAN COSTI Peatland-Women Session, 14 October 2021
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Peatland firemanagement

Fire causes
Peatland andPeatland fire inIndonesia
Inspiring Innovation with IntegrityPeatland in Indonesia and its function
FunctionsHydrological balance
Carbon stock andsequestration

Biodiversity

Livelihood
Ecotourism

Peatland: 14.9 Million Ha
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Source: BBSDLP (2011)

How peatland fire occur?
reach 20 km/hr
Fire spread < 3cm/hr
Fire spread max: 16-20 km/hr

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Fire Impacts

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Suara.com

CNN Indonesia

90% of transboundaryInspiring
haze comefrom peatland
fireInnovation
with Integrity

Source: MoEF, 2019

100% peatland fire causes are human factor

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9Land preparation for settlement
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Forest and Land Fire Management

PREVENTION

a. Integrated prevention patrolb. Routine patrol
c. Early warning and early
detectiond. Campaign and educatione. Land preparation withoutburning/zero burning
f. Peatland Managementg. Fire Care Communityh. Coordination meeting

SUPRESSION

a. Groundsuppression
b. AerialSuppression

HUMAN
RESOURCESAND
DEVELOPMENTa. Forest and Land FireBrigades (ManggalaAgni)b. Forest Fire Brigades inForest Management
Unit
c. Capacity building:training, Coaching clinic
d. Equipment

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POST FIRE
ACTIONSa. Burned area
calculationb. Law enforcementc. Forest
rehabilitation

Source: MoEF, 2019

Fire management in IndonesiaBurned area(million ha)

3.00

2.61

2.50
2.00

1.65

1.50
1.00
0.53

0.44

0.50

0.17

0.06

0.00
2015

2016

2017

2018
Year

2019

2020

Burned area in Indonesia in the period of 2015-2020 (source: MoEF, 2020)
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Early Warning System for Forest and Land Fire

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Fire information System and Early Detection

Inspiring Innovation with IntegritySource: MoEF, 2019

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Fire suppression
Ground suppression
Ground Suppression:❖ Initial attack/initial suppression❖ Join suppression: forest fire brigades/Manggala
Agni, Police, army, forest ranger, etc

Aerial suppression and weather modification
Planes unit forsuppression

2015: 32 unit planes
2016: 16 unit planes
2017: 26 unit planes
2018: 29 unit planes
2019: 50 unit planes

WaterbombingoperationWeathermodification

2015: 150.610,15 liter water
2016: 100.122,90 liter water
2017: 97.630.600 liter water
2018: 315.959.200 liter water
2019: 68.452.000 liter water

2015: 261,30 ton NaCl
2016: 128,46 ton NaCl
2017: 193,44 ton NaCl
2018: 203,42 ton NaCl
2019:Integrity
122, 62 ton NaCl
Inspiring Innovation with* 2019 data: 1 Jan – 31July2019

Ref: MoEF, 2019

Human Resources and Development
1.

SUMATERANorth Sumatera

180

Riau

210

Riau Islands

30

Jambi

285

South Sumatera

240

2.
3.
4.
5.

MANGGALA AGNI (MA) Forest and Land Fire Brigade (MoEF)- 1,980
personnel, 37 station, 12 fire prone provinces
Army and Police
National Disaster Management Authority (BNPB)
Forest Fire Brigade on Forestry and Plantation industry
SMART (Satuan Manggala Agni Reaksi Taktis)

KALIMANTANWest Kalimantan

315

CentralKalimantan

270

South Kalimantan

180

East Kalimantan

90

SULAWESI
North Sulawesi

30

South east
Sulawesi

30

South Sulawesi

120

Manggala Agni
1.980 personel37 Forest Fire Station in
12 fire prone provinces

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Source: MOEF, 2018

Best practices

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Multistakeholder partnership on forest and land fire control❖ Community/womenempowerment program❖ Fire Care Community Group❖ Peatland IndependentVillage❖ Fire Alert Village❖ Haze free village

ACADEMICIAN❖ Disaster resilient village❖ Incentive scheme
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CLOSING REMARKS
Despite of the importance of peatland area in Indonesia
for environmental balance, peatland fire has become themost important threat to peatland management causingtransboundary haze pollution in ASEAN region;

100% of peatland fire caused by human factor, mostly
burning activities for land preparation related to land
use change;
Indonesia has changed paradigm in forest and land fire
control by focusing priority on fire prevention. Technologicaland social approaches have been implemented to tackle fireproblem;
Multistakeholder partnership with various programs is thekey for successful fire control. Besides, best practices
need to be disseminated broadly and women
empowerment need to be enhanced.
Inspiring Innovation with IntegrityInspiring Innovation with Integrity