6th Spatial Planning
Platform (SPP)
Conference“National Spatial Planning andSustainable Territorial Developmentin Indonesia“
Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/
Head of National Land Agency, Republic of Indonesia

Balikpapan, 6-8 November 2023

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Kementerian ATRBPN@kementerian.atrbpn

1 Spatial Planning Challenges in Indonesia

Islands

Coastline

16,772

108,000 Km
Source: Ministry of Marine & Fisheries

Source: BPS – Statistics Indonesia

38 Provinces

415 Regencies

93 Cities

GDP Per Capita

USD 4,332.71
Source: World Bank

Main Economic Sectors

It is a national spatial planning for:The biggest archipelago in the world, with 272.68 million- Manufacturing wholesale- Retail trade agriculture- Forestry- FishingSource: BPS – Statistics Indonesia

population, 1.91 million km² area, the distance between thewesternmost part of Sumatra and the easternmost part of Papua iscomparable to the width of Europe (±5,120 Km).
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Spatial Planning Challenges in Indonesia

Percentage of Urban Area Population in Indonesia
Source: Statistic Indonesia, 2012

The Urban and Rural Population of The World (1950 – 2030)
Source: VariousA 1% increase in urbanization in Indonesia only
contributes to 1.4% increase in GDP,
compared to China: 3% and East-Asia Pacific: 2.7%,

Impacts of Urbanization:
Land Conversion

Clean Water
SupplyUrban
InfrastructureLand
Degradation

Traffic

Disaster andClimate Risk

Source: World Bank, 20194

Spatial Planning Challenges in Indonesia
Regional Inequality in Indonesia• Regional inequality between the western and eastern regions of Indonesia.
• The western region contributes 78.5% to the national GDP (2022).
• Poverty rate in the eastern region of Indonesia is 18.01%, compared to 10.33% in the western region of Indonesia.
5Spatial Planning Challenges in Indonesia
Environment and Disaster Risk
• Indonesia is located at the Pacific Ringof Fire and a collision zone of 3 active
tectonic plates.
• There are at least 295 active faults,
129 active volcanoes, and 13
segments of earthquake sourcesfrom the tsunami-generating
megathrust.

• There is high risk ofhydrometeorologydisaster (floods,landslides, drought).
• More than 50% of Indonesia is forest
area which needs to be protected,
conserved, and managed.
Source: The National Earthquake Study Center, 20176

Spatial planning holds an important role as one of thestrategic policies to achieve Indonesia’s Vision 2045:
Becoming a high-income country by 2045

3 National Spatial Planning in Indonesia

Spatial Planning Law in Indonesia

Spatial Planning Law
No. 24/1992

01

replaced by

Spatial Planning Law
No. 26/2007

Omnibus Law No.
11/2020 jo No. 6/2023

02

03

partially revised byGovernment Regulation No. 21/2021
concerning Spatial Planning and Management
was enacted to encourage ease of investment
and sustainable spatial utilization

9Spatial Planning Progress in Indonesia

384

2000
Detailed Spatial Plan Target

Local Government
Regulation/Decree

194
Integrated with OSS

10Reform of Spatial Planning Implementation after
Omnibus Law on Job Creation (UUCK)BEFORE UU CK & Govt Regulation No. 21/2021

Spatial planning products were only
owned by the government in
hardcopy, making spatial planning
seem to ‘hold up’ the investment

The public and investors who want toaccess spatial planning information needto come directly to the government office
and go through a long and complicatedadministrative process

Permit issuance process iscomplicated and nontransparent

Many cases ofoverlapping land
utilization as a result

The spatial planning product platform isconnected to the licensing service portal,
making the permit issuance process fasterand more transparent

Business licenses that have been issued
are considered in improving thequality of spatial plans
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AFTER UU CK & Govt Regulation No. 21/2021

Spatial planning products are
published by the government
through various platforms

The public and investors canaccess spatial planning products
onlineSpatial Planning Hierarchy in Indonesia
National Spatial Plan

Scale of 1:1,000,000

Major Island Spatial Plan

Scale of 1:500,000

National Strategic Area
Spatial Plan

Scale of 1:50,000 and
1:25,000

Provincial Spatial Plan

Scale of 1:250,000

Regency/City Spatial Plan

Scale of 1:50,000 and
1:25,000

Detailed Spatial Plan

Scale of 1:5,000

12Territorial Connectivity:

Regional Development through Connecting Urban & Growth Centers
Banda Aceh

Medan

KPBPB
Batam

ManadoTj. Pinang

Pelabuhan Hub
Internasional
BitungSofifi
Pontianak
Gorontalo

PadangIKN

Manokwari
Samarinda

Palu

SorongPangkalpinang

Jayapura

Palangka Raya

Bengkulu

Banjarmasin

MamujuAmbon
Bd. Lampung

TimikaKendari
Pelabuhan Utama
Internasional
Tanjung PriokSurabaya

Pelabuhan Utama
Internasional
Tanjung PerakMakassar
Pelabuhan Hub
Internasional
Makassar

Semarang

Sumbawa

Yogyakarta

Flores Timur
DenpasarLombokNagekeoKupang

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Blue Connectivity in Air Transportation Sector

INFORMATION
AirportFlight RouteSource: Ministry of Transportation, 2023

Air transportation as part of blue connectivity helps the country to integrate into the global economy andsupports regional development through the trade follow ship and ship follow the trade
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National Spatial Planning (Government Regulation No. 13/2017)15

Developing the Nation through the Spatial Planning of
National Strategic Areas (NSA)

16

The Role of Metropolitan Areas

17

Urban-Rural Linkage:

How Metropolitan Areas Support the Development of Rural Areas
The Case of Greater Manado-Bitung Spatial Planning❑ Spatial planning in Greater Manado-Bitung
involves the integration of land and marine space.
❑ Main economic activities:✓ Tourism;✓ Industry;✓ Agriculture; and✓ Fisheries,
Manado is the gateway for tourism and service
activities.
Bitung has a role as an international hub port
and the center of the processing industry fromthe agricultural/plantation and fisheries (regional,national and export scales).
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Transit Oriented Development (TOD):

Value Capture, Increasing the use of Public Transport and Green OpenSpaces, Efficient Infrastructure

19

Preserving World Heritage through Spatial Planning:
Borobudur, The Largest Buddhist Temple in The World• UNESCO’s World Heritage No.C.592.
• National Strategic Area (± 15,157 Ha).

• Protection of cultural landscape from development activities
that potentially degrade the quality of the Borobudur culturallandscape and world heritage site.
• Improving people’s wellbeing by promoting collaboration
among stakeholders in space utilization and placemaking.

20

Komodo National Park:

How Spatial Planning Contributes to The Preservation of the Komodo Dragon• UNESCO World Heritage.
• Protection of the natural habitat of theKomodo Dragon.

• Local economic development throughtourism and natural resource management.
• Labuan Bajo as a hub and premium tourist
destination.
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21National Border Area Spatial Planning•

Preparation of spatial plan based on a development concept which
integrates the aspects of security, prosperity, and sustainability.

•Maintenance of sovereignty and order in the country’s border areas.

•Development of infrastructure for better livelihood and connectivity.

•Reduction of crime and illegal activities.

•Attraction of investment and business activities.
2222

Post-Disaster Spatial Planning:

Building Back Palu City Better and Safer• The Palu earthquake occurred on September
28, 2018 with a magnitude of 7.4.
• Death toll of more than 2,000 people, morethan 1,000 people missing, and more than
100,000 people became refugees.

Prohibited Zone

• Impacted 4 regencies/cities (Palu,Donggala, and Parigi Moutong).

Sigi,• Causedtsunamis,liquefaction,deformation, and landslides.

soil• The map of disaster risk zones wasprepared and became a reference for thespatial plan formulation and/or revision.

Restricted Zone
Conditional Zone
Development Zone2323

3 Closing Remarks

Closing Remarks
Indonesia has a long history in conducting spatial planning since the first spatialplanning law was enacted in 1992, in which it is continuously refined to overcome
development challenges.
Indonesia needs a national spatial plan which considers its unique geographicalcondition as the largest archipelagic and the fourth most populous country in the world.

Spatial planning has a big role in accelerating economic development, creating value
and environmental sustainability.
National spatial planning as the highest level in the spatial planning hierarchy is atool to reduce regional inequality, increase resiliency, strengthen rural-urban linkage andterritorial connectivity.

The Spatial Planning Platform (SPP) creates a great opportunity to share experiences
and knowledge among members, and to come up with common solutions in order toimplement global and national agendas.
25

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Kementerian ATRBPN@kementerian.atrbpn