ENERGY STAR® Product Specificationfor Small Network Equipment
Eligibility Criteria
Draft 3 Version 1.0
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Following is the ENERGY STAR product specification for Small Network Equipment. A product shall meetall of the identified criteria if it is to earn the ENERGY STAR.

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1 DEFINITIONS

4A) Product Classifications:561) Network Equipment: A device whose primary function is to pass Internet Protocol (IP) traffic
among various network interfaces / ports.

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2) Small Network Equipment (SNE): Network Equipment that is intended to serve users in either
small networks or a subset of a large network. SNE includes a) all Network Equipment withintegral wireless capability and b) other Network Equipment meeting all of the following
criteria:

11a) Designed for stationary operation;

12b) Contains no more than eleven (11) wired Physical Network Ports;

13c) Primary configuration for operation outside of standard equipment racks;

14d) Meets the definition of one or more of the Product Types defined below.

15163) Large Network Equipment: Network Equipment that is rack-mounted, intended for use instandard equipment racks, or contains more than eleven (11) ports for wired network.

17B) Small Network Equipment Types:

181) Broadband Access Equipment

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a) Broadband Modem: A device that transmits and receives digitally-modulated analog
signals over a wired or optical network as its primary function. The Broadband Modem
category does not include devices with integrated Router, Switch, or Access Point
functionality.

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b) Integrated Access Device (IAD): A network device with a modem and one or more of thefollowing functions: wired network routing, multi-port Ethernet switching and/or accesspoint functionality.

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c) Optical Network Termination Device (ONT): A type of device that converts signals
between copper (wired) or wireless connections and an optical fiber connection. ONTs
are available in either desktop or building-mounted versions with different connectivity
options.

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Note: EPA has relocated and revised the Optical Network Termination Device (ONT) definition to clarify
that it will not be treated as a type of modem or IAD, but rather a separate distinct product type which may
have variable connectivity options. This change is consistent with the analysis of ONT data in both Draft 2
and Draft 3 of the specification.
2) Local Network Equipmenta) Access Point: A device that provides wireless network connectivity to multiple clients as
its primary function. For the purposes of this specification, Access Points include devices
providing only IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) connectivity.

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b) Router: A network device that determines the optimal path along which network traffic
should be forwarded as its primary function. Routers forward packets from one network toanother based on network layer information. Devices fitting this definition may provide
both Router functionality and wireless network capability.

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c) Switch: A network device that filters, forwards, and floods frames based on thedestination address of each frame as its primary function. The switch operates at the datalink layer of the OSI model.

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Does the device
provide Modem
functionality?

Yes

No

Broadband Access
Equipment

Broadband
Modem

ONT

IAD

Local Network
Equipment

AccessPoint

Router

Switch(Cable, DSL)

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Figure 1: Product Type Assignment

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C) Operational Modes and States:
1) On Mode: The product is connected to a power source, is ready to use, and is providing one
or more primary functions.

52a) Idle State: The product is in On Mode and the data rate is 0 kb/s.

5354b) Low Data Rate: The product is in On Mode and traffic is passed across ports at 1.0 kb/s
(0.5 kb/s in each direction) as defined in the test procedure.

5556c) High Data Rate: The product is in On Mode and traffic is passed across ports at aselected reference rate as defined in the test procedure.

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D) Components:
1) External Power Supply (EPS): A component contained in a separate physical enclosure fromthe SNE product designed to convert line voltage ac input into lower voltage ac or dc
output(s) for the purpose of powering the SNE product. An EPS must connect to the SNE
product via a removable or hard-wired male/female electrical connection, cable, cord or otherwiring.
E) Marketing or Shipment Terminology:

64651) Cable, Satellite, and Telecom Service Provider (“Service Provider”): An entity that provides
Internet connectivity to subscribers with whom it has an ongoing contractual relationship.

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672) Manufacturing Partner: An entity that manufactures, or markets OEM-manufactured SNE forsale to either end customers or Service Providers.

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Note: EPA has removed the Small Office/Home Office, SOHO, definition as it is no longer used in thespecification or test method language.
F) Additional Terms:

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1) End Point Device: A device that functions as either an originator or destination for network
traffic passed through Network Equipment. Examples of end point devices include
computers, servers, set-top boxes, IP-capable televisions, IP phones, etc. For the purposesof this specification, an end point device is not considered network equipment.

75762) Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE): A technology which enables reduced power consumption of
Ethernet interfaces during times of low data throughput. Specified by IEEE 802.3az.

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3) Link Rate: The maximum PHY bit rate possible on a particular link (e.g., 1000BASE-T
Ethernet supports 1 Gb/s in each direction [2 Gb/s total]; IEEE 802.11g supports 54 Mb/s
total).

8081824) Physical Data Port: An integrated physical connection point primarily intended to accept nonIP data. For the purposes of this specification, a port must support one of the following media
types to fit this definition:

83a) Universal Serial Bus (USB);84b) Firewire;

85c) Thunderbolt;

86d) SATA;87e) SCSI; or

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f)

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RS-232.

5) Physical Network Port: An integrated physical connection point primarily intended to accept
IP or similar traffic via a cable. For the purposes of this specification, a port must support oneof the following media types to fit this definition:

92a) Ethernet;

93b) Coaxial Cable;

94c) Twisted Pair Copper; or95d) Fiber Optic.

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6) Power over Ethernet (PoE): A technology which enables transfer of electrical power, alongwith data, to network end point devices through an Ethernet cable. Currently specified byIEEE 802.3af and IEEE 802.3at.

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7) Standard Equipment Rack: An equipment enclosure commonly seen in data centers or
managed facilities and intended to house a variety of information technology equipment.
Front panel width is typically 19 inches (482.6 mm) in width. Standard Equipment Racks aredefined by EIA-310, IEC 60297, or DIN 41494.

1038) Unit Under Test (UUT): The network equipment device being tested.

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9) Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Test Client: A device that is capable of establishing an
802.11x link with an Access Point (AP) and transmitting data to and receiving from the AP.

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10) Full Network Connectivity: The ability of an End Point Device to maintain network presence
while in Sleep Mode or another low power mode (LPM) of equal or lower power consumption
and intelligently wake when further processing is required (including occasional processing
required to maintain network presence). Presence of the End Point Device, its network
services and applications is maintained even though the End Point Device is in a LPM. Fromthe vantage point of the network, an End Point Device with full network connectivity that is in

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LPM is functionally equivalent to an idle End Point Device with respect to common
applications and usage models. Full network connectivity in LPM is not limited to a specific
set of protocols but can cover applications installed after initial installation. Also referred to as“network proxy” functionality and as described in the Ecma-393 standard.

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a) Network Proxy - Base Capability: To maintain addresses and presence on the network
while in LPM, the system handles IPv4 ARP and IPv6 NS/ND.

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b) Network Proxy - Full Capability: While in LPM, the system supports Base Capability,
Remote Wake, and Service Discovery/Name Services.

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c) Network Proxy - Remote Wake: While in LPM, the system is capable of remotely waking
upon request from outside the local network. Includes Base Capability.

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d) Network Proxy - Service Discovery/Name Services: While in LPM, the system allows foradvertising host services and network name. Includes Base Capability.

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11) External Proxy Capability: The ability of an SNE device to maintain Full Network Connectivity
on behalf of an End Point Device. Must include an implementation of a standard protocol forcommunicating between the End Point Device and the SNE device. Note: A known suchprotocol is mDNS. Waking the sleeping End Point Device is typically accomplished by WakeOn-LAN, a wireless equivalent, or some other directed traffic.

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G) Product Family: A group of product models that are (1) made by the same manufacturer, (2)subject to the same ENERGY STAR qualification criteria, and (3) of a common basic design.
Product models within a family differ from each other according to one or more characteristics orfeatures that either (1) have no impact on product performance with regard to ENERGY STAR
qualification criteria, or (2) are specified herein as acceptable variations within a product family.
For Small Network Equipment, acceptable variations within a product family include:

1351) Color,

1362) Housing, or1373) Any of the functional adders specified in Table 2.

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2 SCOPE

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2.1

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2.1.1

Included Products
Products that meet the definition for Small Network Equipment as specified herein are eligible for
ENERGY STAR qualification, with the exception of products listed in Section 2.2. In addition,
SNE shall meet one of the following equipment type definitions:

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i.

Broadband Modems (Cable, DSL);

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ii.

Optical Network Termination Device (ONT);

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iii.

Integrated Access Device (IAD);

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iv.

Router;147v.

Switch; or

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vi.

Access Point.

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2.2

Excluded Products

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2.2.1

Products that are covered under other ENERGY STAR product specifications are not eligible for
qualification under this specification. The list of specifications currently in effect can be found atwww.energystar.gov/products.

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2.2.2

The following products are not eligible for qualification under this specification:

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i.

Network Equipment with one or more Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP) network ports;

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ii.

Large Network Equipment; and

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iii.

Network Equipment that is marketed and sold as enterprise Network Equipment andmeets one or more of the following additional criteria:158

is shipped without a power supply;159

requires a separate external access point controller for operation.

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Note: EPA received stakeholder feedback on the need to exclude “enterprise” level access points fromconsideration in Version 1.0, as they provide many features not found in the other access point productsin the dataset, and consume significantly more power. Due to limited data on this type of access point,
EPA has added the exclusion above which removes products marketed as enterprise network equipment
and are; (1) shipped without a power supply and/or (2) cannot operate without a separate external accesspoint controller. EPA welcomes stakeholder feedback on this exclusion. EPA intends to cover enterpriseaccess point products in the future when more data on their power consumption is available.

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3 QUALIFICATION CRITERIA

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3.1

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3.1.1

All calculations shall be carried out with directly measured (unrounded) values.

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3.1.2

Unless otherwise specified, compliance with specification limits shall be evaluated using directly
measured or calculated values without any benefit from rounding.

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3.1.3

Directly measured or calculated values that are submitted for reporting on the ENERGY STAR
website shall be rounded to the nearest significant digit as expressed in the corresponding
specification limit.

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3.2

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3.2.1

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3.3

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3.3.1

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Power Supply Requirements
External Power Supplies (EPSs): EPSs (single- and multiple-voltage) shall meet the level V
performance requirements under the International Efficiency Marking Protocol and include thelevel V marking. Additional information on the Marking Protocol is availableat www.energystar.gov/powersupplies.
i.

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Significant Digits and Rounding

External Power Supplies shall meet level V requirements when tested using the Test
Method for Calculating the Energy Efficiency of Single-Voltage External Ac-Dc and Ac-Ac
Power Supplies, Aug. 11, 2004.

Efficiency Criteria
Average Power Consumption (PAVG): Calculated Average Power Consumption (PAVG) per
Equation 1 shall be less than or equal to the maximum requirement for Average Power
Consumption (PAVG_MAX), as calculated per Equation 2.
Equation 1: Average Power Calculation (PAVG) for Small Network Equipment

PAVG = Average[]

Where:

Average[xi] = Average of terms (xi) applicable to the UUT;
PWAN_TEST = Measured power consumption in Wired Network –WAN test, at 1.0 kb/s (W);

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

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PLAN_TEST = Measured power consumption in Wired Network –LAN test, half of available wired LAN ports populated, at 1.0 kb/s(W);
PWIRELESS_TEST = Measured power consumption in Wireless
Network – LAN test, at 1.0 kb/s (W).

Equation 2: Maximum Average Power (PAVG_MAX) Calculation for Small Network Equipment

PAVG_MAX = PBASE + ∑

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Where:PBASE = Base power allowance (W) from Table 1;

PADDi =The power allowance as specified in Table 2 for eachfeature present in the device, for a total of n such allowances.

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Table 1: Base Power Allowances

Broadband Modem – Cable

P_BASE (watts)
Version 1.0
5.7

Broadband Modem – ADSL

4.0

ONT

4.4

IAD - Cable

6.1

IAD - ADSL

5.5

IAD - VDSL

7.5

Router

3.1

Switch0.6

Access Point

2.0

Product Type

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Note: EPA has proposed the changes to the base power allowances in Table 1 based on stakeholder
input and new product data received during the March 2013 SNE final data assembly effort. Thesechanges are discussed in greater detail below:

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

EPA removed the Broadband Modem – VDSL product category after closer examination of productsin this ENERGY STAR category revealed that their features called for them to be placed in the IAD –VDSL category. As a result, these products have been moved to the IAD – VDSL category in the
updated SNE dataset. The result is a lower base value in the IAD – VDSL category and the droppingof the Broadband Modem – VDSL category.

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

EPA has added a telephony adder, which was necessary to support 911 capabilities in cable modem
and cable IAD products. In light of this adder, EPA adjusted the base power of ONT products toensure top performing ONTs are recognized as ENERGY STAR as most ONT products contain one
or two telephony ports and are eligible for this new adder. See the note box related to Table 2 formore detail on the telephony adder.

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

The Broadband Modem – Cable, IAD – Cable and Routers base levels were adjusted by 0.1 or 0.2
watts based on new data introduced during the recent data assembly effort.

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Table 2: Additional Functional Adders
FeaturePower Allowance(PADD) in watts

Fast Ethernet (100Base-T)

0.1

Gigabit Ethernet (1000Base-T)

0.3

Wi-Fi (802.11a/b/g/n)

0.7802.11n per Receive Chain

0.2

802.11ac per Receive Chain

1.3

Allowance applied to 5.0 GHz 802.11ac receive
chains only. Only applicable for products that shipwith simultaneous dual band Wi-Fi enabled.

Plain Old Telephone Service(RJ11/RJ14)

0.5

Allowance applied once per port, up to a
maximum of two ports.

Notes
Allowance applied once per port present in the
UUT.
Allowance applied once per port present in the
UUT.
Allowance applied once for the UUT for availabilityof Wi-Fi connectivity.
Allowance applied to total number of 2.4 GHz and
5.0 GHz 802.11n receive chains. Only applicablefor products that ship with simultaneous dual band
Wi-Fi enabled.

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Note: EPA has proposed changes to the functional adder values in Table 2 above based on stakeholder
input and new product data received during the March 2013 SNE final data assembly effort. Thesechanges are discussed in greater detail below:

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

EPA received a number of recommendations to revise the Wi-Fi adders to account for newer
products with multiple Wi-Fi bands and chains. EPA conducted an analysis which included existingproduct data from Draft 2, as well as new product data received as part of the SNE final dataassembly effort, and developed an adder structure which results in pass rates at or above 25% for
single and dual band simultaneous Wi-Fi products. Please note that the new Wi-Fi adders are in
addition to the existing base Wi-Fi adder, and that all products with Wi-Fi functionality may still claim
the base adder.

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

EPA received feedback from stakeholders that an adder was needed for Plain Old Telephone Service(POTS) ports, as the base hardware required to support these ports cannot be shut off due to 911
availability regulations. EPA’s analysis of the dataset supported the above adder. EPA did observe an
increase in power consumption between 1 POTS port and 2 POTS ports, but did not see any
additional consumption when analyzing products with 4 POTS ports. For this reason, the telephonyadder is capped at 2 ports.

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3.3.2

Energy Efficiency Ethernet (EEE) Incentive: Small Network Equipment products that ship withIEEE 802.3az compliant Gigabit Ethernet ports may claim a 0.2 watt additional adder for each
Gigabit port when calculating PADD.

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3.3.3

External Proxy Incentive: Small Network Equipment products that ship with External Proxy
Capability may claim one of the following adders in Table 3 when calculating PADD based on thelevel of Proxy functionality in the product, as defined in Section 1)F)10.

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Table 3: External Proxy Incentives
Capability

Incentive Valuein watts

Base Capability

0.2

Remote Wake

0.5

Service Discovery/
Name Services

0.8

Full Capability

1.0

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4 TESTING

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4.1

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4.1.1

Test Methods
When testing SNE, the test methods identified in Table 4 shall be used to determine qualification
for ENERGY STAR.

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Table 4: Test Methods for ENERGY STAR Qualification
Product Type

Test Method

All

ENERGY STAR Test Method for Small Network Equipment, Rev.
November 2012

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4.1.2

Products that have both ADSL and VDSL functionality shall be tested using their VDSL
functionality.

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Note: Based on stakeholder feedback received in response to Draft 2, EPA is proposing that productswith both ADSL and VDSL functionality be tested using VDSL connections. In Draft 2, these products
were required to be tested using their ADSL functionality, but because many of these products haveadditional features commonly found in VDSL-only products, EPA will now require these products to betested with their VDSL functionality, and meet the VDSL base power allowance.

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4.2

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4.2.1

Number of Units Required for Testing
Representative Models shall be selected for testing per the following requirements:

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i.

For qualification of an individual product model, a product configuration equivalent to thatwhich is intended to be marketed and labeled as ENERGY STAR is considered theRepresentative Model;

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ii.

For qualification of a product family, the configuration that consumes the most energy
within the family shall be considered the Representative Model. If models in a productfamily span multiple categories, product configurations that represent the worst-casepower consumption for each product category within the family are considered
Representative Models. When submitting product families, manufacturers continue to beheld accountable for any efficiency claims made about their products, including those nottested or for which data was not reported.

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4.2.2

A single unit of each Representative Model shall be selected for testing.

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4.3

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4.3.1

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4.4

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4.4.1

International Market Qualification
Products shall be tested for qualification at the relevant input voltage/frequency combination foreach market in which they will be sold and promoted as ENERGY STAR.

Optional Performance Reporting
At the Partner’s option, data on the following performance considerations may be reported alongwith product evaluation data:

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i.

Ethernet Throughput – The maximum data rate supported by the UUT for which there isno packet loss.

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ii.

Maximum Number of Wireless Clients - The maximum number of clients supported by the
UUT.

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iii.

Maximum Number of NAT Clients

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iv.

Maximum number of EEE Gigabit Ethernet ports – The maximum number of IEEE
802.3az compliant Gigabit Ethernet ports supported by the UUT. This reporting
requirement shall be mandatory for any products that claim the EEE Incentive in Section
3.3.2.

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v.

Maximum External Proxy Capability – The highest level of External Proxy Capability
provided by the UUT as listed in Table 3. This reporting requirement shall be mandatory
for any products that claim the External Proxy Incentive in Section 3.3.3.

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5 USER INTERFACE

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5.1.1

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6 EFFECTIVE DATE

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6.1.1

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Note: EPA will issue a Final Draft after this Draft 3 and expects to complete the specification development
process in the coming few months. Partners will be invited to certify products to Version 1.0 as soon as itis published. EPA's dataset demonstrates that there are already products on the market that meet theDraft 3 levels, making a near term effective date appropriate.

Manufacturers are encouraged to design products in accordance with the user interface standard
IEEE P1621: Standard for User Interface Elements in Power Control of Electronic Devices
Employed in Office/Consumer Environments. For details, see http://eetd.LBL.gov/Controls.

Effective Date: The Version 1.0 ENERGY STAR Small Network Equipment specification shalltake effect on TBD. To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a product model shall meet the ENERGYSTAR specification in effect on its date of manufacture. The date of manufacture is specific toeach unit and is the date on which a unit is considered to be completely assembled.

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6.1.2

Future Specification Revisions: EPA reserves the right to change this specification should
technological and/or market changes affect its usefulness to consumers, industry, or theenvironment. In keeping with current policy, revisions to the specification are arrived at throughstakeholder discussions. In the event of a specification revision, please note that the ENERGYSTAR qualification is not automatically granted for the life of a product model.

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7 CONSIDERATIONS FOR FUTURE REVISIONS

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7.1

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TBD

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7.2

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TBD

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7.3

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Product Scope

Energy Efficiency Criteria

Energy Efficient Ethernet

7.3.1

7.4

All ports for PHYs addressed by IEEE 802.3az shall be compliant with IEEE 802.3az.

Network Proxy

7.4.1

EPA will continue to monitor the implementation of proxying capability in Small Network
Equipment hardware and consider the development of a test method to determine thefunctionality of a network proxy (e.g. one compliant with ECMA-393 ProxZzzy for Sleeping
Hosts).

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