࠙໬Ꮫ㸦ゎ⟅㸧ࠚ[I]
ၥ 1 㸦ゎ⟅౛㸧Na2 CO3 À 2 Na+ + CO3 2 ࡢ⁐ゎᖹ⾮࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪[Na+ ] ࡀቑຍࡋ࡚ᖹ⾮ࡀᕥ࡟⛣ືࡍࡿࡓࡵࠋ
ၥ 2 㸦⟅㸧↻Ἓࡋ࡚⁐ゎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲ࢆ㏣࠸ฟࡍࠋ
ၥ 3 㸦⟅㸧࢘㸸࣮࣍ࣝࣆ࣌ࢵࢺ࢚㸸ࣅࣗࣞࢵࢺၥ 4 㸦⟅㸧࢜㸸㉥Ⰽ࠿ࡽ↓Ⰽ࢝㸸㯤Ⰽ࠿ࡽ㉥Ⰽ

ၥ 5 (2) ࡟࠾࠸࡚㉳ࡇࡿ཯ᛂࡣḟࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋNaOH + HCl Na2 CO3 + HCl 
NaHCO3 + HCl 

NaCl + H2 O
NaHCO3 + NaCl
CO2 + H2 O + NaCl

(A)
(B)
(C)

(C) ࡛せࡋࡓሷ㓟ࡢయ✚ࡣ (11.5  10.3) mL = 1.2 mL ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪(B) ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶྠ㔞࡜࡞ࡿࡢ࡛㸪(A) ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ (10.3  1.2) mL = 9.1 mL ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪NaOH ࡜ Na2 CO3 ࡢࣔࣝẚࡣ୰࿴࡟せࡋࡓሷ㓟ࡢయ✚ẚ࡟➼ࡋ
ࡃ 9.1 : 1.2 ࡜ศ࠿ࡿࠋNaOH ࡢࣔࣝ⃰ᗘࢆ x mol/L ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ḟࡢ㛵ಀࡀᡂࡾ❧ࡘࠋ
0.100 mol/L × 9.1 mL × 1 ౯ = x mol/L × 10.0 mL × 1 ౯! x mol/L = 0.091 mol/Lࡼࡗ࡚㸪Na2 CO3 ࡢࣔࣝ⃰ᗘࡣ 0.012 mol/L ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ㸦⟅㸧Ỉ㓟໬ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘㸸0.091 mol/L Ⅳ㓟ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘㸸0.012 mol/Lၥ 6 H2 CO3㸦CO2 ࡶྵࡴ࡜ࡍࡿ㸧ࡢ㟁㞳ᖹ⾮࠿ࡽ㸪pH ࡟ࡼࡿྛ໬Ꮫ✀ࡢࣔࣝศ⋡ࡢኚ໬ࡣḟᅗࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
࢔ࣝ࢝ࣜ⁐ᾮ A ࡣ NaOH Ỉ⁐ᾮ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ CO2 ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚⏕ᡂࡋࡓ࢔ࣝ࢝ࣜ⁐ᾮ B ࡣ NaOH ࡜ Na2 CO3ࡢΰྜỈ⁐ᾮ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗ 2 ࡸᅗ 3 ࡢ⁲ᐃ᭤⥺ࡢ᭱⤊ⓗ࡞ pH ࡀᅗ 1 ࡜࠶ࡲࡾኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽศ࠿ࡿ㸧ࠋⅬb ࡢ pH ࡣ 4.7 ࡞ࡢ࡛㸪኱㒊ศࡀ H2 CO3 ࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ㸪HCO3  ࡣᑡ㔞࡛࠶ࡿࠋCO3 2 ࡢᏑᅾࡣ↓ど࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪(A) 㹼 (C) ࡢ཯ᛂࡀⅬ b ࡲ࡛࡟㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸦⟅㸧ୖグ (A) 㹼 (C) ࢆཧ↷ࡢࡇ࡜ࠋၥ 7 Ⅼ c ࡢ pH ࡣ 8.4 ࡞ࡢ࡛㸪኱㒊ศࡀ HCO3  ࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ㸪H2 CO3 ࡜ CO3 2 ࡣᑡ㔞Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪ୖ
グ (A) ࡜ (B) ࡢ཯ᛂࡀ㉳ࡇࡿࠋ㸦⟅㸧NaCl㸪NaHCO3
ၥ 8 ၥ 5 ࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ㸪࢔ࣝ࢝ࣜ⁐ᾮ A ࡟஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲ࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ཯ᛂ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂࡢ㔞ⓗ㛵ಀࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ
㸦༢఩ࡣ mol/L㸧ࠋ

཯ᛂ๓
ኚ໬㔞
཯ᛂᚋ

2 NaOH
0.115
0.0240.091+CO20.012
0.0120

Na2 CO30+0.012
0.012

+H2 O
኱㔞
+0.012኱㔞(3) ࡜ (4) ࡟࠾࠸࡚⁲ᐃ࡟⏝࠸ࡓ HCl ࡲࡓࡣ CH3 COOH ࡢ≀㉁㔞ࡣ㸪࡜ࡶ࡟ 0.100 mol/L×10.0 mL = 1.00 mmol
࡛࠶ࡿࠋⅬ a㸪b㸪c ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⁲ୗ㔞ࢆ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ a mL㸪b mL㸪c mL ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ၥ 6 ࡜ ၥ 7 ࡢ⪃ᐹࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚㸪ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ
1.00 mmol × 1 ౯ = 0.115 mol/L × a mL × 1 ౯,
1.00 mmol × 1 ౯ = 0.091 mol/L × b mL × 1 ౯ + 0.012 mol/L × b mL × 2 ౯,
1.00 mmol × 1 ౯ = 0.091 mol/L × c mL × 1 ౯ + 0.012 mol/L × c mL × 1 ౯,

! a mL = 8.7 mL! b mL = 8.7 mL! c mL = 9.7 mLࡼࡗ࡚㸪㑅ᢥ⫥㸦࠶㸧ࡣṇࡋࡃ㸪㑅ᢥ⫥㸦࠸㸧㹼㸦࠿㸧ࡣㄗࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋḟ࡟㸪㑅ᢥ⫥㸦ࡁ㸧㹼㸦ࡅ㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚⁲ᐃ࡟⏝࠸ࡓ CH3 COOH ࡢ≀㉁㔞ࡣ 0.100 mol/L × 10.0 mL = 1.00 mmol ࡛࠶ࡿࠋⅬ d ࡢ pH ࡣ 8.3 ࡞ࡢ࡛㸪኱㒊ศࡀ HCO3  ࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ㸪H2 CO3 ࡜ CO3 2 ࡣᑡ㔞Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪Ⅼ d ࡲ࡛࡟㉳ࡇࡿ཯ᛂࡣNaOH + CH3 COOH 
Na2 CO3 + CH3 COOH 

CH3 COONa + H2 O
CH3 COONa + NaHCO3

(D)
(E)

࡜࡞ࡿࠋⅬ d ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⁲ୗ㔞ࢆ d mL ࡜ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪㑅ᢥ⫥㸦ࡁ㸧㹼㸦ࡅ㸧ࡢሙྜࡣ཯ᛂ (D) ࡢࡳ㉳ࡇࡿࠋࡑࡢ࡜ࡁࡢ⤊Ⅼࡢ⁲ୗ㔞ࢆ e mL ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

1.00 mmol × 1 ౯ = 0.091 mol/L × d mL × 1 ౯ + 0.012 mol/L × d mL × 1 ౯,
1.00 mmol × 1 ౯ = 0.115 mol/L × e mL × 1 ౯,! d mL = 9.7 mL! e mL = 8.7 mLࡼࡗ࡚㸪㑅ᢥ⫥㸦ࡃ㸧ࡣṇࡋࡃ㸪㑅ᢥ⫥㸦ࡁ㸧࣭㸦ࡅ㸧ࡣㄗࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦⟅㸧㸦࠶㸧࣭㸦ࡃ㸧[II]ၥ 1 㸦⟅㸧࢔࣎࢞ࢻࣟࡢἲ๎ၥ 2 ௬᝿ୡ⏺࡟࠾࠸࡚࢔࣎࢞ࢻࣟᐃᩘࡀ␗࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ㸪≀㉁㔞ࡢᇶ‽ࢆ⌧⾜ࡢࡶࡢ࠿ࡽኚ᭦ࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶
ࡿࠋP = 1.00 × 105 Pa㸪T = 300 K㸪௬᝿ୡ⏺ࡢࣔࣝయ✚ࢆ Vm 0 ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㸪Ẽయᐃᩘ R0 ࡣ≧ែ᪉⛬ᘧࡼࡾḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

R0 =P Vm 0
1.00 × 105 Pa × 33.0 L/mol== 1.1 × 104 Pa · L/(K · mol)T
300 K··㸦· ⟅㸧ၥ 3 ≧ែ᪉⛬ᘧࢆ㐃❧ࡋ࡚ồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ

P V = nRT = n0 R0 TR! n0 = 0 n [mol]··㸦· ⟅㸧Rၥ 4 ⌧ᐇࡢୡ⏺ࡢࣔࣝయ✚ࢆ Vm ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㸪≧ែ᪉⛬ᘧࡼࡾ

Vm =RT8.30 × 103 Pa · L/(K · mol) × 300 K== 24.9 L/mol
P1.00 × 105 Pa࡜࡞ࡿࠋ୍᪉㸪௬᝿ୡ⏺ࡢࣔࣝయ✚ࡣ Vm 0 = 33.0 L/mol ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ㸪௬᝿ୡ⏺ࡢ࢔࣎࢞ࢻࣟᐃᩘࢆ NA 0 ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

NA 0 =Vm 033.0 L/mol
NA =× 6.00 × 1023 /mol = 8.0 × 1023 /molVm24.9 L/mol··㸦· ⟅㸧ၥ 5 ≀㉁㔞ࡢᇶ‽ࡢኚ᭦࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚ཎᏊ㔞ࡢᇶ‽ࡶྠᵝ࡟ኚ᭦ࡉࢀࡿࡢ࡛㸪ồࡵࡿཎᏊ㔞ࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

12.0 ×33.0 L/mol= 1624.9 L/mol

··㸦
· ⟅㸧

[III]
ၥ 1 ➨ 1 ⣭࢔ࣝࢥ࣮ࣝࡢ 1-ࣉࣟࣃࣀ࣮ࣝ㸦ࣉࣟࣃࣥ-1-࣮࢜ࣝ㸧C2 H5 CH2 OH ࢆ㓟໬ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ࣉࣟࣆ࢜ࣥ࢔ࣝࢹࣄࢻC2 H5 CHO ࢆ⤒࡚㸪ࣉࣟࣆ࢜ࣥ㓟 C2 H5 COOH ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࠋ㸦⟅㸧࢔㸸ࣉࣟࣆ࢜ࣥ࢔ࣝࢹࣄࢻ ࢖㸸ࣉࣟࣆ࢜ࣥ㓟ၥ 2 ➨ 2 ⣭࢔ࣝࢥ࣮ࣝࡢ 2-ࣈࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ㸦ࣈࢱࣥ-2-࣮࢜ࣝ㸧C2 H5 CH(OH)CH3 ࢆ㓟໬ࡍࡿ࡜㸪࢚ࢳ࣓ࣝࢳࣝࢣࢺࣥ
C2 H5 COCH3 ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࠋ㸦⟅㸧࢚ࢳ࣓ࣝࢳࣝࢣࢺࣥ㸦ࡲࡓࡣ 2-ࣈࢱࣀࣥ㸧ၥ 3 㑏ඖ๣ C2 H5 CH2 OH ࡜㓟໬๣ Cr2 O7 2 ࡢ༙཯ᛂᘧࡼࡾ࢖࢜ࣥ཯ᛂᘧࡀసࢀࡿࠋ

Cr2 O72

C2 H5 CHO + 2 H+ + 2 eC2 H5 CH2 OH +

2 Cr3+ + 7 H2 O2

+3 C2 H5 CHO + 2 Cr3+ + 7 H2 O+ 14 H + 6 e ! 3 C2 H5 CH2 OH + Cr2 O7+ 8H ᑐ࢖࢜ࣥ 2 K+ ࡜ 4 SO4 2 ࢆ୧㎶࡟ຍ࠼࡚໬Ꮫ཯ᛂᘧࢆᚓࡿࠋ

3 C2 H5 CH2 OH + K2 Cr2 O7 + 4 H2 SO4 

3 C2 H5 CHO + Cr2 (SO4 )3 + K2 SO4 + 7 H2 O··㸦· ⟅㸧(a)࠙ὀࠚၥ㢟ᩥ࡟ᕥ㎶ࡢ≀㉁ࡢ≀㉁㔞ࡀ୚࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ᮏၥ࡛ࡣ࠸ࡁ࡞ࡾ⟅࠼ࡢྑ㎶ࢆసࢀࡿࠋၥ 4 C2 H5 CHO ࡀ㓟໬ࡉࢀ࡚ C2 H5 COOH ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ࡜ࡁࡢ໬Ꮫ཯ᛂᘧࡣ㸪ၥ 3 ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࡋ࡚Cr2 O7C2 H5 CHO + H2 O 2++ 14 H + 6 e ! 3 C2 H5 CHO + Cr2 O7 + 8 H 
3 C2 H5 CHO + K2 Cr2 O7 + 4 H2 SO4 
2+C2 H5 COOH + 2 H+ + 2 e
2 Cr3+ + 7 H2 O
3 C2 H5 COOH + 2 Cr3+ + 4 H2 O
3 C2 H5 COOH + Cr2 (SO4 )3 + K2 SO4 + 4 H2 O(b)࡜࡞ࡿࠋ཯ᛂᘧ (a) ࡜ (b) ࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜

3 C2 H5 CH2 OH + 2 K2 Cr2 O7 + 8 H2 SO4 

3 C2 H5 COOH + 2 Cr2 (SO4 )3 + 2 K2 SO4 + 11 H2 O(c)࡜࠸࠺཯ᛂᘧࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࠋ3 mol ࡢ࢔ࣝࢥ࣮ࣝ A ࢆ᏶඲࡟㓟໬ࡍࡿሙྜ㸪཯ᛂᘧ (c) ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚㸪཯ᛂ࡟ᚲせ࡞
K2 Cr2 O7 ࡜ H2 SO4 ࡢ≀㉁㔞ࡀ 2 ಸ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛㸪CH2 OH ࢆ 2 ಶᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋ
㸦⟅㸧2 ౯ࡢ➨ 1 ⣭࢔ࣝࢥ࣮࡛ࣝ CH2 OH ࢆ 2 ಶᣢࡘࠋ
ၥ 5 ໬ྜ≀ B ࡣ࢔ࢪࣆࣥ㓟 HOOC(CH2 )4 COOH ࡞ࡢ࡛㸪໬ྜ≀ A ࡣࡑࢀ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ 2 ౯࢔ࣝࢥ࣮ࣝࡢ 1,6-࣊࢟ࢧࣥࢪ࣮࢜ࣝ㸦࣊࢟ࢧࣥ-1,6-ࢪ࣮࢜ࣝ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦⟅㸧HOCH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 OHၥ 6 㸦⟅㸧࢔ࢪࣆࣥ㓟[IV]ၥ 1 130 㹼 140 H C ࡛ࡣ୺࡜ࡋ࡚ศᏊ㛫⬺Ỉ཯ᛂ㸪160 㹼 170 H C ࡛ࡣ୺࡜ࡋ࡚ศᏊෆ⬺Ỉ཯ᛂࡀ㉳ࡇࡿࠋ㸦⟅㸧࢔㸸ࢪ࢚ࢳ࢚࣮ࣝࢸࣝ ࢖㸸࢚ࢳࣞࣥ
1 ᘧࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢚࣮ࢸࣝྜᡂࢆ࢘࢕ࣜ࢔࣒ࢯࣥྜᡂ࡜࠸࠺ࠋࡇࢀࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡍࡿ࡜㸪°2 ᘧ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣḟࡢ 2 ㏻ࡾࡢ
ၥ2 °⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

(a)(b)
࡝ࡕࡽࡀ㉳ࡇࡿ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪CCl ࡢඹ᭷⤖ྜࢆษ᩿ࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡀ㸪໬ྜ≀ 3 ࡢྜᡂࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡍࡿ࡜ (b)ࡢ᪉ࡀ㐺ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ண᝿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ㸦⟅㸧

A࣭B㸸

࠙⿵㊊ࠚࢡࣟࣟ࣋ࣥࢮࣥ C6 H5 Cl ࡟Ỉ㓟໬ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘Ỉ⁐ᾮࢆຍ࠼࡚ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘ࣇ࢙ࣀ࢟ࢩࢻ C6 H5 ONa ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ㸪㧗 ࣭㧗ᅽ࡜࠸࠺ཝࡋ࠸཯ᛂ᮲௳ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪(a) ࡣ㉳ࡇࡾ࡟ࡃ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸
࠿࡜ண᝿࡛ࡁࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ࡞࠾㸪࢘࢕ࣜ࢔࣒ࢯࣥྜᡂ࡛ࡣ㸪ࣁࣟࢤࣥ໬Ⅳ໬Ỉ⣲ࡢⅣ໬Ỉ⣲ᇶࡀ➨ 1 ⣭㸪➨ 2 ⣭㸪
➨ 3 ⣭ࡢ㡰࡟཯ᛂᛶࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᚋࡢࡶࡢ࡯࡝❧య㞀ᐖࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀཎᅉ࡛࠶ࡿ㸧ࠋࣇ࢙ࢽࣝᇶ C6 H5  ࡣ➨ 1 ⣭ࡼࡾ࠿ࡉ㧗࠸ࡢ࡛཯ᛂᛶࡀపࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ၥ 3 2-ࣈࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡢศᏊෆ⬺Ỉ཯ᛂ࡛ࡣ 1-ࣈࢸࣥ࡜ 2-ࣈࢸࣥ㸦ࢩࢫ࣭ࢺࣛࣥࢫ␗ᛶయ࠶ࡾ㸧ࡢ࡝ࡕࡽࡶ⏕ᡂࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪ࢨ࢖ࢶ࢙ࣇ๎ࡼࡾ㸪2-ࣈࢸࣥࡢ᪉ࡀ୺⏕ᡂ≀࡜࡞ࡿࡀ㸪໬ᏛⓗᏳᐃᛶ࠿ࡽࢺࣛࣥࢫయࡢ᪉ࡀከࡃ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࠋ㸦⟅㸧

ၥ 4 ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ 2 ศᏊ㛫㸪࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ 2 ศᏊ㛫࡛⬺Ỉ⦰ྜࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
㸦⟅㸧CH3 CH2 OCH2 CH3 㸪CH3 OCH3ၥ 5 㸦⟅㸧ၥ 6 ⏝࠸ࡓ໬ྜ≀ 3 ࡣ

18.0 mg44.0 mg= 0.0500 mmol ࡛㸪᏶඲⇞↝࡟ࡼࡾ CO2 ࡀ= 1.00 mmol㸪H2 O ࡀ360 g/mol
44.0 g/mol

10.8 mg= 0.600 mmol ⏕ᡂࡋࡓࡢ࡛㸪໬ྜ≀ 3 ࡢศᏊᘧࡣ C20 H24 On ࡜⨨ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋศᏊ㔞ࡢ᮲௳
18.0 g/molࡼࡾ n ࡀồࡲࡿࠋ
12.0 × 20 + 1.00 × 24 + 16.0n = 360!n=6
ࡼࡗ࡚㸪໬ྜ≀ 3 ࡢศᏊᘧࡣ C20 H24 O6 ࡜Ỵᐃࡍࡿࠋ໬ྜ≀ 1㸦ศᏊᘧ C6 H6 O2 㸧࡜໬ྜ≀ 2㸦ศᏊᘧ C4 H8 OCl2 㸧ࡢ཯ᛂ࡛⏕ᡂࡋࡓࡢࡀ໬ྜ≀ 3 ࡛ OH ࠾ࡼࡧ Cl ཎᏊࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞཯ᛂࡀ㉳ࡁࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪໬ྜ≀ 3 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟኱ࡁ࡞⎔≧࢚࣮ࢸࣝࡣ⋤ෙ (crown) ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ࢡ࢚࣮ࣛ࢘ࣥࢸࣝ (crown ether) ࡜⥲⛠ࡉࢀࡿࠋ㸦⟅㸧ศᏊᘧ㸸C20 H24 O6ᵓ㐀ᘧ㸸ୖᘧࡢྑ㎶ࡢ᭷ᶵ໬ྜ≀ࢆཧ↷ࡢࡇ࡜ࠋၥ 7 ୍⯡࡟㸪㙐≧࢚࣮ࢸࣝࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝⁐ࡅ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪⎔≧࢚࣮ࢸ࡛ࣝࡣࡑࡢ❧యᵓ㐀ࡀཎᅉ࡛ O ཎᏊࡢ㠀ඹ᭷㟁Ꮚᑐࡀእ㒊࡟㟢ฟࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ẚ㍑ⓗᴟᛶࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪ᴟᛶศᏊࡸ࢖࢜ࣥ࡜ࡢぶ࿴ᛶࡀቑຍࡍࡿࠋ໬ྜ≀ 3 ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢡ࢚࣮ࣛ࢘ࣥࢸࣝࡢሙྜ㸪O ཎᏊࡢ㠀ඹ᭷㟁Ꮚᑐࡣ⎔ࡢෆഃ࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿࡢ࡛㸪ࡑࡢ✵㝽࡟㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࢆྲྀࡾ㎸ࡳࡸࡍ࠸㸦ໟᦤࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺㸧ࠋ໬ྜ≀ 3 ࡢ✵㝽ࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡣ K+ ࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡟ࡕࡻ࠺࡝ྜࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ୗᅗࡢࡼ࠺࡟⁐፹࿴ࡉࢀࡓ≧ែ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᑐ࢖࢜ࣥࡢ MnO4  ࡀ K+ ࡜㞳ࢀ࡚᭷ᶵ⁐፹୰࡛ാࡁࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪ࢡ࢚࣮ࣛ࢘ࣥࢸࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚Ỉ⁐ᛶࡢヨ⸆ࢆ᭷ᶵ⁐፹࡟⁐࠿ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾ㸪ࢡ࢚࣮ࣛ࢘ࣥࢸࣝࡢྜᡂࡣ᭷ᶵྜᡂࡢᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃᗈࡀࡗࡓ⏬ᮇⓗ࡞ᴗ⦼࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ㸦ゎ⟅౛㸧⎔≧࢚࣮ࢸࣝෆ㒊ࡣẚ㍑ⓗᴟᛶࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡢ࡛㸪K+ ࡀ MnO4  ࠿ࡽ㞳ࡉࢀ࡚⎔≧࢚࣮ࢸࣝෆ㒊࡟ྲྀࡾ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚⁐፹࿴ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵࠋ

࠙໬Ꮫ㸦ㅮホ㸧ࠚ
࠸ࡘࡶ㏻ࡾ㸪タၥ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㞴᫆ᗘ࡟ᕪࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ[I] ࡣ NaOH Ỉ⁐ᾮ࡜୍㒊ࡀ CO2 ࡜཯ᛂࡋࡓỈ⁐ᾮࡢẚ㍑ࡍࡿၥ
㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋpH ࡟ࡼࡾྛ໬Ꮫ✀ࡢẚ⋡ࡀ࡝࠺ኚ໬ࡍࡿ࠿ࢆ⌮ゎࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜㞴ࡋࡃឤࡌࡽࢀࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋၥ 8 ௨እࡣࡋࡗ
࠿ࡾྲྀࡗ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ[II] ࡣ௬᝿ୡ⏺ࡢព࿡ࡉ࠼ᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࢀࡤᐜ᫆࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ[III] ࡣẚ㍑ⓗᖹ᫆࡞ࡢ࡛᏶⟅ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ[IV] ࡣ࢘࢕ࣜ࢔࣒ࢯࣥྜᡂ࠾ࡼࡧࢡ࢚࣮ࣛ࢘ࣥࢸࣝࡀᢅࢃࢀࡓࠋၥ 2 ࠾ࡼࡧ ၥ 7 ࡀࡸࡾ࡟ࡃ࠸ࡀ㸪௚ࡣᇶᮏⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋᇶᮏⓗ࣭ᶆ‽ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ࢆ☜ᐇ࡟ྲྀࡗࡓୖ࡛㸪ᛂ⏝ၥ㢟࡛຾㈇ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ80 % ࡢᚓⅬ⋡ࡣ࡯ࡋ࠸ࠋ