DISCUSSION PAPER No.200

プレプリントとジャーナル論⽂の差異：
bioRxiv を⽤いた試⾏
Differences between preprints
and journal articles: a trial using bioRxiv

2021 年 8 ⽉

⽂部科学省

科学技術・学術政策研究所

データ解析政策研究室
⼩柴

等

林

和弘

本 DISCUSSION PAPER は、所内での討論に⽤いるとともに、関係の⽅々からの御意⾒を頂くことを⽬的に作成したものである。
また、本 DISCUSSION PAPER の内容は、執筆者の⾒解に基づいてまとめられたものであり、必ずしも機関の公式の⾒解を⽰すものではないことに留意されたい。
The DISCUSSION PAPER series are published for discussion within the National
Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP) as well as receiving comments fromthe community.
It should be noticed that the opinions in this DISCUSSION PAPER are the sole
responsibility of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official views of NISTEP.

【執筆者】
⼩柴 等
林

和弘

【Authors】
KOHISBA Hitoshi

HAYASHI Kazuhiro

⽂部科学省科学技術・学術政策研究所
データ解析政策研究室・主任研究官
⽂部科学省科学技術・学術政策研究所
データ解析政策研究室・室⻑Senior Research Fellow, Research-Unit for Data Application,
National Institute of Science and Technology Policy(NISTEP), MEXT
Senior Research Fellow, Research-Unit for Data Application,
National Institute of Science and Technology Policy(NISTEP), MEXT

本報告書の引⽤を⾏う際には、以下を参考に出典を明記願います。
Please specify reference as the following example when citing this paper.
⼩柴等・林和弘 (2021) 「プレプリントとジャーナル論⽂の差異：bioRxiv を⽤いた試⾏」，
NISTEP DISCUSSION PAPER，No.200，⽂部科学省科学技術・学術政策研究所．
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15108/dp200

KOSHIBA Hitoshi and HAYASHI Kazuhiro (2021) “Differences between preprints andjournal articles: a trial using bioRxiv,” NISTEP DISCUSSION PAPER, No.200, National
Institute of Science and Technology Policy, Tokyo.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15108/dp200

‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةכع‬ٜ鑜乃‫ס‬䄐樟bioRxiv ؅榫ַ‫ג‬鍱车倀ꌃ璇㳔澈 璇㳔䪫銉٬㳔銉侓瞬煝疴䨾 ‫ذ٭ظ‬闋卥侓瞬煝疴㵍釐仿‫ظلؙ‬٤‫מت‬㕈‫ׂט‬侓瞬皑呾 (♧┫EBPMEvidence-based Policy Making) 塌茣‫ס‬䒣ⵊ‫׷‬‫٭؛‬‫و‬٤‫ؙؕئ‬٤‫סت‬愲嵣؅鵕‫ֻױ‬勓畇‫עך‬‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬؅氠ַ‫⮔ג‬卥؅嵛氠‫ךכ׆׾׌‬⸮詇韢倀؅㕈‫ג׊כ‬煝疴ⲇ‫⮔ס‬卥‫מ‬㸐‫י׊‬潸鎢溷‫מ‬偆‫ַ׊‬焒锶؅䕑‫כ־ַםעךס׾׀ךֿכ׆׾‬脝ֻ‫ג‬杅‫מ‬‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ֿ׿אכع‬劄箽溷‫⮂מ‬曫‫ ג׿׈‬OA ‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ韢倀‫כ‬؅嬟鼛‫ךכ׆׾׌‬焒锶؅䕑‫־ַם׿׼‬雧鉿‫ג׊‬‫׍ױ‬ꁿ䌑‫و٭؛ס‬٤‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ‫סלם‬嵣‫יזֵ׵׿‬bioRxiv ‫وס‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ כع‬OA ‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ韢倀‫⪢ס‬倀 XML ؅┞㴻ꓪ牞⟛‫׀ךֿכ׆׾׌‬‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةכع‬ٜ韢倀‫ס‬嬟鼛‫מ‬ꫀ‫׾׌‬䪫銉溷‫⺪ם‬茣䙎‫ע‬嗱隍‫ג׀ך‬♑偙⹧脝倀桬俙‫ⷃ׷‬靣俙‫סלם‬㜽䓺溷‫ם‬㕈徙‫׷‬祔ⷃ‫ם‬倀剹꿔⛣䍲‫╋׼־‬脢‫ס‬䈼⮔؅僻‫♀ג׊כֹ׻׊מ־׼‬㎇‫ס‬雧鉿‫ס‬碃㎪‫עך‬‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةכع‬ٜ韢倀‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ韢倀‫وגזםמ‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫وַםעךֹאכع‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫סع‬ꪨ‫ך‬僻牞‫ם‬ꇙַ؅锶ַ‫ד‬‫גז־ם׀ךעכ׆׌‬塌唩㳔肪䩘岺؅氠ַ‫⮔׵י‬꿔窢䍲‫ ע‬47% 瓦䍲‫כ‬둚ׂ‫גז־ם‬‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةכع‬ٜ韢倀‫ס‬ꪨ‫מ‬㝕‫ם׀‬䈼‫ַֹכַםע‬篙卸‫⩰ע‬鉿煝疴‫׵ך‬獏‫׾ַי׿׈‬焒锶‫┞כ‬蔹‫ֿ׾ֵךס׵׾׌‬‫׽׻‬㝕锺埛‫ח־‬嬟鼛溷劄ꁿ‫ס‬枱岞‫⫙׵ך‬槁䙎ֿ牞霼‫ג׀ך‬‫מ׼׿׆‬Ⲏֻ‫י‬勓畇‫ג׊׼ג׵ס‬偆‫םג‬焒锶‫עי׊כ‬詇脢俙‫סלם‬㝂ׂ‫ס‬㜽䓺溷溷㕈徙‫׵יַֽמ‬䈼‫ע‬㸯‫ַ׈‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ韢倀‫وַםַיזםמ‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫סכع‬ꇙַ‫׵‬㝕‫ַםׂ׀‬‫גזַכ‬掾ֿ䮕‫׼ׅ‬‫׾׿‬

Differences between preprints and journal articles: a trial using bioRxiv
Research-Unit for Data Application, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP),MEXT
ABSTRACT
In light of the strengthening of the evidence-based policy making (EBPM) function and the trend
toward open science, this paper considers whether analysis using preprints can provide new knowledge
in a complementary manner to the analysis of research power based on original papers. In particular,
the preprint and the final version of the preprint are used as the basis for the analysis. In particular, we
attempted to see if we could gain insights by comparing preprints with OA journal articles in which
they were finally published.
Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)
First, due to the recent trend of open journals, we were able to secure a certain amount of full-text
XML of bioRxiv preprints and journal articles, and verified the technical feasibility of comparing
preprints and journal articles. On the other hand, within the scope of this trial, which attempted to
identify differences between preprints and journal articles, and between preprints that became journal
articles and those that did not, we could not find any clear differences. Even using machine learningmethods, the classification accuracy was not high at about 47%.
The result that there is no significant difference between preprints and journal articles is consistent
with the findings of previous studies, but it is also reproducible in a larger and relatively recent context.
In addition to these findings, the new findings of this paper are that the differences are small in many
external criteria such as the number of authors, and the differences between preprints and journal
articles are not large.

2

泘域
1

‫מ״׋ע‬

1⛣糋‫ׄט‬

2
3

3.1
3.2
3.3
4

4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
5

5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6

6.1
7

♀ꎰ A
♀ꎰ B

1

‫ذ٭ظ‬

3

‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ف٭ئع‬bioRxiv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3‫⺅ذ٭ظ‬䕑偙岺 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4⮔卥‫ס‬㸐骭劻ꪨ٬‫ذ٭ظ‬俙 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
⮆冪亠嫎

3

5

嬟鼛㸐骭 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5꿔⛣䍲‫ס‬脝ֻ偙 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5杅䖇ꓪ‫ס‬ꈷ㴻 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
⮔俆銨槁 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

“꿔⛣‫و׾׌‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ס ”ع‬脝ֻ偙 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
磵冽

5
6
7
7

⮴劻陭㴻 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7‫♑סא‬㜽䓺溷‫ם‬㕈徙 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10㜽䓺溷‫ם‬㕈徙‫מ‬ꫀ‫׾׌‬ꓨ锡䍲‫ס‬䱿㴻 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20⫐㵼‫ס‬꿔⛣䍲 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
‫عؕذ‬ٜ‫ס‬䈼‫מ‬ꫀ‫׾׌‬鞪吉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9
15

縒㴔

22

‫״כױ‬

23

汦䟨掾 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

逇䌕榫丗‫ס‬奂鬳2226

撶丗‫ס‬奂鬳

27i

1 ‫מ״׋ע‬䧰ֿ㎼‫ס‬璇㳔䪫銉ؕ‫٘ب٭يؿ‬٤♧┫STI ‫׾׌כ‬侓瞬皑呾‫יַֽמ‬‫ظلؙ‬٤‫מت‬㕈‫ׂט‬侓瞬皑呾 (♧┫EBPMEvidence-based Policy Making) 塌茣‫ס‬䒣ⵊֿ寛‫׾ַי׿׼״‬ր睗 6 劻璇㳔䪫銉٬ؕ‫٘ب٭يؿ‬٤㕈勓阛氺 (♤⾔ 3 䌑 3 劓 26 傽ꫂ饗尴㴻)ց
♧┫睗 6 劻㕈勓阛氺‫ַכ‬ֹ‫׵יַֽמ‬璇㳔䪫銉٬ؕ‫٘ب٭يؿ‬٤鉿侓‫יַֽמ‬㵉镸溷‫ם‬隍䬹‫מ‬㕈‫ׂט‬侓瞬皑呾؅鉿ֹ

EBPM ؅䖑䍏‫׿׈ככ׆׾׌‬⫐ꫂ䍟‫ظلؙ׵יַֽמלם‬٤‫ت‬瞏؅俠⤫‫׾׌‬ꫀꅙ‫⺅׾׌‬篁ֿꅼ‫״‬‫ג׀י׿׼‬‫׵ך╚סא‬煝疴ⲇ‫עיַחמ‬阛ꓪ剹霺㳔‫׷‬璇㳔阛ꓪ㳔؅㕈狸‫ג׊כ‬㳔銉‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ‫ס‬吉鞅؅ꄼ‫⸮גז‬詇韢倀♧┫⸮詇韢倀‫׾׌כ‬‫מ‬濪潨‫ג׊‬㴻ꓪ溷‫⮔ם‬卥‫כ‬侓瞬‫⹸ס׫׽ׂט‬儙ֿ雧‫ײ‬‫׾ַי׿׼‬❛ֻ‫ף‬璇㳔䪫銉٬㳔銉侓瞬煝疴䨾♧┫ NISTEP ‫׾׌כ‬‫עיַֽמ‬‫ؙؕئ‬٤‫ت‬ُ‫وش‬㎼⯁‫ي‬٤‫؞٭ُز‬٤‫ء‬㝕㳔‫ي‬٤‫؞٭ُز‬٤‫ء‬‫סלם‬鞪吉⮔卥؅鉿ַ‫⫐סא‬㵼ֿ STI侓瞬‫׾ַיזםכⲙ┞ס׽ׂט‬┞偙⸮詇韢倀‫⮔ס‬卥‫עיַֽמ‬煝疴䧯卸ֿ气‫׼־י׿ױ‬吉鞅٬紬겏٬⮂曫؅篑‫⪪י‬ꪛ‫׿׈‬‫ّؕذסךױ׾‬ٚ‫״ג׾׿ױ⻻ֿء‬⪢✄‫⻔⥰ס‬trends؅ٝ‫ֿ׾ַיַ⻔עמכ׆׾׌٭ٖل‬偆蕟꽝㔔؅僃ׂ䬁‫עכ׆׾ֻ׈‬圸ꅎ溷‫מ‬곓‫ַ׊‬‫גױ‬⸮詇韢倀‫ס׿ב׿א⯵⸮עיַֽמ‬꽝㔔‫ך‬牞皑‫ג׿׈‬璇㳔溷⮿偂㕈徙‫יז׻מ‬吉鞅ֿ鉿‫״ג׾׿؂‬㳔갾꽝㔔‫׷‬鄋⻉꽝㔔ֵ‫ׂ⪢עַ׾‬偆‫׊‬ַ嚣䗻‫ס‬韢倀ֿ┮⯈‫ַ׌׷׽םמ‬‫ך׆א‬韢倀⸮畇‫ס‬蠗畇‫׽ֵך‬吉鞅‫׾׻מ‬ꈷ⯁‫ַםַי׿׈׵‬ր‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬ց‫מ‬濪潨‫׊‬‫א‬‫⮔ס‬卥؅鉿ֹ‫ךכ׆‬⸮詇韢倀؅㕈‫ג׊כ‬煝疴ⲇ‫⮔ס‬卥‫מ‬㸐‫י׊‬潸鎢溷‫מ‬偆‫ַ׊‬焒锶؅䕑‫ֿכ׆׾‬‫כ־ַםעךס׾׀ך‬脝ֻNISTEP ‫┞עך‬ꅙ‫ס‬㖥⼴؅鉿‫׾ַיז‬1) ‫ך׆׆‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ韢倀‫י׊כ‬䫋畇‫ס⯼׾׌‬嫘갧‫כ‬劄箽溷‫ػ٭ٔةמ‬ٜ韢倀‫גזםמ‬嫘갧‫לךכ‬‫םֹ׻ס‬ꇙֵַֿ‫־ס׾‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ韢倀‫و׾ַיזםמ‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫כع‬槁枱‫ػ٭ٔةיַֽמ‬ٜ韢倀‫وַםַיזםמ‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫סع‬ꪨ‫םֹ׻סלעמ‬ꇙֵַֿ‫־ס׾‬؅‫ךכ׆׾ײ‬‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬‫׷‬吉鞅ֵ‫⸮עַ׾‬詇韢倀‫⟤סס׵סא‬꾙䙎‫מ‬ꫀ‫׾׌‬饗韢ֿ鉿ֻ‫׾‬勓畇‫עך‬♧┪‫ס‬芻再‫כ‬ゼ꾴䟨餟‫כ׵ס‬气朮笠‫وס‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ ׾ֵךف٭ئع‬bioRxiv ؅㸐骭‫מ‬⯼䲔‫ػ٭ٔةס‬ٜ韢倀‫وסאכ‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫סع‬䈼沌䔿‫ػ٭ٔةמ‬ٜ‫מ‬䲔鼥‫وג׿׈‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬‫כ‬勑䲔鼥‫وס‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫סع‬䈼沌‫יַחמ‬鞪吉‫ג׊‬篙卸؅㖥⼴‫׾׌‬

2 ⛣糋‫ׄט‬꿔⛣‫⩰׾׌‬鉿煝疴‫[ עי׊כ‬Klein19, Carneiro20, Akbaritabar21] ‫ֿלם‬䮕‫׾׿׼ׅ‬

Klein[Klein19] ‫ػ٭ٔةמ׈ױע‬ٜ霺‫מ‬䲔鼥‫ג׿׈‬韢倀‫وסאכ‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬曫‫ס‬嬟鼛؅鉿‫׵גז‬1) 睗 6 劻㕈勓阛氺‫׵יַֽמ‬“韢倀‫و٭؛ס‬٤ؓ‫׷ⵊتجؠ‬煝疴䧯卸‫ס‬ꁢꅋ‫⪪ם‬ꪛ‫ס‬㖪‫وסי׊כח┞ס‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬‫ס‬嵛氠‫┞׵‬㺽Ⲏꅋ‫׽ֽי׊‬煝疴‫⪪סذ٭ظ‬ꪛ٬⪴劔؅⻻‫״‬‫و٭؛‬٤‫ؙؕئ‬٤‫ت‬瞏‫┾ס‬汔溷‫ם‬焒‫⪴ס‬劔؅潨䭰‫ג׊‬煝疴䧯卸‫و٭؛ס‬٤ⵊֿꅼ‫סכ ”׾ֵחחײ‬霼餟ֿ獏‫׾ַי׿׈‬

1

bioRxiv• AとBでどれだけの違いがあるか（査読，編集でどれだけ変わるか）C• Aと似た内容のCを選んだときに違いを見分けることができるか（出版されるものを予想できるか）

プレプリント

学術雑誌等に投稿・出版せずそのまま
初版

登録

初期原稿

ジャーナル誌n版

C

プレプリント（投稿原稿）

投稿中/投稿したものの採録されず

A査※ 分析対象はOA系で，
全文XMLのあるもののみ

読
編集
加筆・修正

プレプリント（投稿原稿）
ジャーナル誌に採録

B
出版原稿㎫ 1 嚣锡㎫‫ךס‬勓畇‫⫐ס‬㵼‫כ‬嚋‫י״‬꿔⛣‫׾׌‬‫ עך׆׆‬arXivbioRxiv ؅㸐骭‫ מ‬12,000 ⚂؅鱩ֻ‫و׾‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةסאכع‬ٜ曫؅嬟鼛‫י׊‬‫סא‬ꪨ‫מ‬䈼‫כ׮ע‬؆‫כ׆גז־םל‬؅㖥⼴‫׾ַי׊‬‫דג‬‫ ע✄╭׊‬arXiv ‫ך‬bioRxiv ‫ עיַחמ‬2013 䌑 11 劓‫عؕئס‬ꪛ陭‫ ׼־‬2016 䌑 11 劓‫סךױ‬劻ꪨ‫מ‬䫋畇‫ס׵ג׿׈‬؅闋卥㸐骭‫׽ֽי׊מ‬⪢✄‫ ך‬7 ⶨ⚂韢倀‫ن‬ٜ‫ עعت؞ط‬220 ⚂‫כ‬嬟鼛溷㸴俙‫מ‬‫׾ַיזױלכ‬‫גױ‬⫐㵼‫ⷃעיַחמ‬靣‫׿ב׿א‬؅栃皑姌⩧‫ ׾׌כ‬Bag-of-Word ‫ ס‬Cos 꿔⛣䍲؅䱰氠‫׾ַי׊‬䔿ꃍ‫׽ֽכ׾׌‬勓畇‫ עך‬bioRxiv ‫מ‬ꮹ㴻‫׊‬劻ꪨ‫ ע‬2019 䌑‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫⚂ع‬俙‫ ך✄⪢ע‬2 ┧⚂鱩韢倀‫ن‬ٜ‫ًؓסعت؞ط‬嬟鼛‫עמ‬笴 7 ⶨ⚂؅氠ַ‫׼־כ׆׾ַי‬bioRxiv‫ס‬嬟鼛溷劄ꁿ‫ס‬枱岞‫יַחמ‬‫׽׻‬䌮碃‫מ‬鞪吉‫׾םמכ׆׾ַי׊‬‫גױ‬⫐㵼‫⮔עיַחמ‬俆銨槁‫ךت٭ي‬꿔⛣䍲؅⮿㴻‫׾ַי׊‬‫מ׼׈‬‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةכع‬ٜ韢倀‫ׂםךׄד‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ韢倀‫מ‬䱰ꜗ‫و׾ַי׿׈‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫כع‬䱰ꜗ‫وַםַי׿׈‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫סع‬嬟鼛‫׵‬鉿‫׾ַיז‬

Carneiro[Carneiro20] ‫׽ע׷׵‬bioRxiv ‫מ‬䵴鼥‫׿׈‬䔿‫ מ‬PubMed ‫מ‬䵴鼥‫ػ٭ٔةג׿׈‬ٜ韢倀؅㸐骭‫מ‬鮐‫ס‬㜟ⵊ؅⮔卥‫׊‬‫ؓم‬ٝ‫٭ٖل‬؅篑‫ػ٭ٔةי‬ٜ霺‫מ‬䲔鼥‫وעס׵ג׿׈‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬‫מ־׍؂׽׻‬鮐ֿ둚ַ‫סאסס׵‬䈼‫ע‬㝕‫כַםׂ׀‬㖥⼴‫׾ַי׊‬‫ס׆‬韢倀‫ עך‬bioRxiv ‫ ע‬2016䌑‫מ‬䫋畇‫ס׵ג׿׈‬؅㸐骭‫׽ֽי׊מ‬╭‫ؓמ‬٤‫מع٭آ‬㕈‫יַט‬鮐‫ס‬㜟ⵊ؅鞪吉‫׾ַי׊‬ؓ٤‫⮔ךס׾ֵךع٭آ‬卥氠‫מ‬氠ַ‫وג׿׼‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةכع‬ٜ韢倀‫ עًؓס‬56 ⚂‫׾ֵך‬鞪吉劻ꪨֿ 2016 䌑‫כ‬嬟鼛溷⺜ַ掾潸㸐溷‫מ‬㸴俙‫יַחמذ٭ظס‬ؓ٤‫ךت٭يع٭آ‬鞪吉‫ַי׊‬‫׾‬掾‫מ‬䈼沌ֵֿ‫׾‬

Akbaritabar[Akbaritabar21] ‫وע‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةכع‬ٜ霺‫ס‬ꪨ‫⹧סך‬脝倀桬‫ס‬䈼؅鞪吉‫ַי׊‬‫׾‬6000 ⚂؅鱩ֻ‫و׾‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةכع‬ٜ韢倀‫יַחמًؓס‬㴻ꓪ溷‫מ‬鞪‫־׮׾ַי׬‬100⚂瓦䍲‫☭יַחמ‬ꪨֿ⫐㵼؅鞅‫ײ‬ꁎ؆‫ך‬雄❿‫׊‬ꃯⲎ‫׾׿׈‬倀茷‫ס‬甦꿔؅⮔꿔‫׽ג׊‬⮔ꓩ‫סכׇ‬ꇙַ؅僻‫׾ַי׊מ־׼‬䓜霂韢倀ֿ⹧脝倀桬‫מ‬撋掾؅䓜‫י‬窢㶔‫⮔ם‬卥؅雧‫מכ׆׾ַיײ‬㸐‫׊‬‫י‬勓畇‫עך‬坎չ‫ם‬䭰埉‫יַחמ‬粵耇溷‫מ‬嚣镸‫׾ַי׊‬掾‫מ‬䈼沌ֵֿ‫׾‬

2‫ذ٭ظ ‪3‬‬‫׾׬‪ꃍ‬יַחמذ٭ظ‪⮔卥‬עך‪勓皹‬‬‫‪bioRxiv‬ف٭ئع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و ‪3.1‬‬‫מ┫♧‪槏氮؅‬ג׊‪ bioRxiv ؅陭㴻‬׾׿׼ַ‪氠‬ך‪⮔ꓩ‬ס‪气朮笠‬י׊כف٭ئع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وע‪♀㎇‬‬‫‪‬׾׬‪ꃍ‬‬‫‪ꩽ‬׵כז׵‪‬ך⻏‪ arXiv ֿ劔‬׾׿׼ַ‪ׂ氠‬׻ך‪⮔ꓩ‬ס‪朮槏٬䝠㖥笠‬עי׊כف٭ئع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‬‫׿׼ֻ‪脝‬כ⮗‪ arXiv ֿꈌ‬ע׼־‪掾‬ס׆‪㝂ַ2) ‬׵‪⯈氠俙‬סלםغ٭‪٤ٞ‬ؗر׷‪䫋畇‬׊‪ַ婹⺮؅劔‬‬‫ت‪ؒٝ٤‬ن‪٤‬؜وشع׍׿׈‪ٜ韢倀ֿꓨ镄‬ػ٭ٔة׵׊׍‪䖩‬עך‪⮔ꓩ‬ס‪䝠㖥笠‬׼ֿם׊־׊‪‬׾‬‫‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة“‪‬׽ֵֿ‪ַֹ杅䙎‬כ׾ַיז‪❿⡑؅䭥‬ס‪ٜ韢倀⻎瞏‬ػ٭ٔةֿتء‪ؔ٤‬ظ٭ب‪ٞ‬وס‬‫׾ַי׿׈‪⪪ꪛ‬ך‪ֿ TeX 䓺䑑‬ت٭خס‪⸮畇‬גױ‪‬׾םמ‪饗韢ֿ鏿겧‬מ‪갾‬גֻ‪嬟鼛” ؅脝‬סכ‪韢倀‬‬‫‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬גױ‪ַ‬םעך‪㵼儅‬׵׊׍‪䖩‬ע‪闋卥‬מ״גַ‪蔦氮䍲ֿ둚‬סثُؕذت؜‪‬סס׵‬‫׷ ‪ַ HTML‬׌׷׊‪闋卥‬־׾׀ך‪ֿꫜ镣‬ت٭خסتء‪ؔ٤‬ظ٭ب‪ٞ‬وסت‪ؒٝ٤‬ن‪٤‬؜وشع׷‬‫‪ַ‬םעך־׼‪僻‬׵־׾׀ך‪⺅䕑‬ך‪䓺䑑‬ס ‪XML‬‬‫‪ٜ韢倀⻎瞏‬ػ٭ٔةֿتء‪ؔ٤‬ظ٭ب‪ٞ‬وסت‪ؒٝ٤‬ن‪٤‬؜وشعעך‪⮔ꓩ‬ס‪♑偙䝠㖥笠♧㜽‬‬‫‪⪢倀‬ס‪ JATS(Journal Article Tag Suite) 䓺䑑‬ע ‪bioRxiv‬גױ‪ַ‬ם׿׈‪镸㷋‬ע‪饗韢‬סכ‪❿⡑‬ס‬‫جؠؓ‪٤‬و٭؛׵יַחמ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةג׿׈‪䱰ꜗ‬י׊‪bioRxiv ؅篑氮‬׾ַי׊❵‪XML ؅䳀‬‬‫‪⪢倀‬סך‪ JATS 䓺䑑‬׽‪ꄼ‬ס‪䔿ꃍ‬יַחמׂ‪㝂‬ס׼׿א‪ [卲 21]‬׽ֽך‪╒؆‬מ⛺┪ֿס׵ס‪䓺䑑‬ت‬‫و‪‬כ׆׾׀ך‪劻䔵‬כׂחצ‪篙‬כ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةֿ‪劄箽䧯卸‬׽׻┪♧‪‬׾ֵך‪XML ⺅䕑ֿ⺪茣‬‬‫׊‪ bioRxiv ؅ꈷ㴻‬׼־לם‪‬כ׆׾׀ך‪⺅䕑‬ך‪䓺䑑‬׋⻎‪؅‬ذ٭ظס‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬‬‫‪‬׾ֵמ‪ַ掾‬םג‪彸‬מ⚂┧ ‪俙ֿ 1‬ס‪闋卥㸐骭‬י׊‪鱍㎋‬מ‪䈼‬ס‪册⹳椙‬עי׊כ‪姊掾‬ג‬‫‪㵚霄僿ꝴ‬ס‪3.2 ⮆冪‬‬‫‪丗‬ذ٭ظ‪٬‬‬‫‪ꄼ‬ס┫♧ע‪槏氮‬ג׊כع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وג׿׈‪䫋畇‬מ‪ 2019 䌑‬עי׊כ‪㸐骭劻ꪨ‬ס‪♀㎇⮔卥‬‬‫‪‬׾ֵך׽‬‫‪䫋畇‬ס‪2020 䌑♧ꮳ COVID-19 ꫀꅙ‬׽ֽי׊‪ꫀꅙ‬מ‪㶔䱸‬עמ ‪ COVID-19‬׵‪⮔ꓩ‬ס‪气朮笠‬׍ױ‬‫ַםעךס׵ם׀‪㝕‬ע‪俙‬ס׼׿אכ׾ֻ‪脝‬׼־✄⪢ ‪ [㸯叿 20]bioRxiv‬׾ַי׿׈‪ֿ┞㴻俙镸廠‬‬‫׿׆כֹ❈‪؅‬ذ٭ظַ⺜‪‬מ‪姌‬׾׎׈ⵊ‪脝㷋؅鏿겧‬׽ֵֿ‪⺪茣䙎‬׾׌‪✑氠‬י׊כ▸‪[卲 21] ֿ㜽‬‬‫‪ַ⺪茣䙎ֿ둚‬ם׀ך‪ꈌ氠‬עמ‪槁枱‬ך‪㜟ⵊ瞏‬סغ‪ٝ٤‬عכ׾ׁ׌⺜׽ױֵ‪ֿ‬׾׀ך‪䔔꼸؅䱖ꯙ‬ס׼‬‫‪‬׾ױ‬‫‪2019‬׽ֽי״‪㢼‬׊Ⲏ‪㙟‬׼־؀ׇ‪ 2019 䌑 12 劓勒‬עع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وס‪ COVID-19 ꫀꅙ‬ך׆׆‬‫‪債㖥‬גױ‪虘ַ‬יׂם׊‪䔔꼸؅脝䢩‬ס ‪ COVID-19‬ח־‪‬ך‪嬟鼛溷劄ꁿ‬כֹ❈‪؅‬ذ٭ظס‪䌑‬‬‫‪ https://arxiv.org/help/stats‬׾׀ך‪牞霼‬ך┫♧ע‪俙‬غ٭‪٤ٞ‬ؗر׷‪䫋畇俙‬ףֻ❛ )‪2‬‬‫‪3‬‬‫ַי׿׈‪䱰ꜗ‬י׊כ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬הֹסס׵ג׿׈‪䫋畇‬מ ‪ bioRxiv‬׽ֽכס ]‪[Abdill19, 卲 21‬‬‫‪勓畇‬׾ַי׿׈ⵊ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةך‪ 8 ٧劓‬׼־‪ 6 ٧劓‬מ‪䌐㐬溷‬׼־‪溫ꜗ‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وעס׵׾‬‫‪劻ꪨ‬ס‪ 1 䌑⶯ꁿׂ 17 ٧劓‬יײ׼־‪2019 䌑 12 劓勒‬׼־כ׆׾ַיז‪鉿‬מ‪ 2021 䌑 5 劓‬ע‪⮔卥‬ס‬‫٭ٔة‪♀䔿‬י׊◗‪㴞‬ׯ׮עⵊ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةיַחמع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وס‪ 2019 䌑溫ꜗ‬׽ֽיַ‪ֿꪛ‬‬‫‪‬׾׀ך‪劻䔵‬כַםׂ‪㝂‬עס׵׾׌ⵊ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ‬‫‪ٛ‬و‪ٝ‬وגזםכ‪篙卸㸐骭‬׾׌כ‪؅㸐骭‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وג׿׈‪䫋畇‬מ‪ 2019 䌑‬׼־‪芻再‬ס┪♧‬‫ֵס ‪⪢倀 XML‬׾ַ‪氠‬מ‪⮔卥‬ס‪♀㎇‬מ׼׈‪俙‬סס׵׾ֵֿ‪阾鼥‬ס‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةהֹ‪俙‬סع‪٤‬‬‫ס‪╚麃‬׵י׀ך‪ֽ⪢倀 XML ֿ⺅䕑‬ם‪‬גזםכ׽‪ꄼ‬ס┫♧׿ב׿אע‪俙‬ס‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة׾‬‫‪‬׾‪┫㎇‬ע‪劔ⲯ俙‬׼־כ׆׾ֵֿت٭آַםעך‪⡑ֿ婞䊬‬‬‫‪‬‬‫⚂ ‪28,805‬‬‫⚂ ‪13,450‬‬‫⚂ ‪7,985‬‬‫‪丗‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‬‫‪ٜ鑜乃丗‬ػ٭ٔةהֹ‬‫‪⪒乃 XML ⟊僗丗‬הֹ‬‫׿׆‪‬׾׌כ‪؅㸐骭‬ײס‪⮴曫‬עך‪⮔卥‬ס‪ֿ♀㎇‬׾ֵך‪侉阏⺪茣‬׵ך‪✇䍲‬עع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪‬ך׆׆‬‫‪鱍㎋‬מכ׆׾ֵך‪簡⯜ֿ㵼儅‬׊‪㲽㐂‬מ‪牞㵅‬ע‪⮴曫‬יַחמع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وסי׬׌ג׿׈‪䫋畇‬ע‬‫ׄד‪劄偆‬׵ס׵ַםַי׿׈‪ٜ䲔鼥‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬כ׾׌‪ꁿַ曫؅䱰氠‬׵‪劄‬׼־‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬׾׌‬‫‪䈼沌‬סךױ‪劄偆‬׼־‪⮴曫‬־ס׾׌ֹלעַ‪䪒‬ס⻉‪㖪‬גזֵֿ‪剳偆‬מ‪ٜ䲔鼥䔿‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬־ס׾‪锶‬‬‫‪‬׾׌ⵊ‪饗韢ֿ鏿겧‬לם‪‬־׾‪锶‬׵‬‫‪⹦䐂亠嫎‬ذ٭ظ ‪3.3‬‬‫‪‬ג׊‪⺅䕑‬ך‪䩘岺‬ס┫♧׿ב׿אעذ٭ظ‬‫‪霄‬סع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و⻄‪‬י׋‪ API 3) ؅ꄼ‬ס ‪ bioRxiv‬מ‪ꇃ⹛2021 䌑 4 劓‬עיַחמ ‪bioRxiv‬‬‫׼׿אמⷃ‪‬׼־כ׆׾ַי׿׈‪ “jats xml path” ֿ阾鼥‬מ‪霄箖䝠㖥‬ס׆‪‬׾ֵךײ‪箖䝠㖥؅⺅䕑座‬‬‫׵׾ׂיז‪ֿꂉ‬٭‪ٚ‬ؙ׵י׊تجؠؓמ ‪갾䓜霂 URL‬ס׆‪‬ג׊‪䝠㖥؅⺅䕑‬מ⮗‪ꈌ‬׼־ ‪ URL‬ס‬‫‪‬׾׌‪ꯙ㜽‬מ‪갾‬ס‪⮔卥‬ע׼׿׆‪‬׽ֽי׊‪㲽㐂‬ל׮⚂‪俙溯‬׵ס‬‫‪‬׳‪؅鵕‬وشطتס־‪✇嫘갧‬עיַחמ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‬‫‪霄‬סع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و⻄ס‪⯼ꃍ‬׾ֵך׽‪ꄼ‬ס┫♧עׄ♕‪筐‬ס‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪‬׍ױ‬‫‪‬׾׌‪ DOI 霄箖؅⺅䕑‬סع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وי׋‪ API 4) ؅ꄼ‬ס ‪CrossRef‬׽ֵֿ‪阾鼥‬ס ”‪ “doi‬עמ‪箖䝠㖥‬‬‫‪ٜ韢倀瞏‬ػ٭ٔةׂט‪㕈‬מع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪䓜霂‬׽ֵֿ‪ַֹ㺲䙎‬כ ”‪ “is-preprint-of‬מ╚ס׆‪‬כ׾׌‬‫ֿ )‪ ID(DOI‬ס✄⪽ך ”‪ “id-type” ֿ “doi‬ס ”‪ “is-preprint-of‬ע‪♀㎇‬׾׿׈‪⡑ֿ陭㴻‬מ⻉‪㖪‬גזֵֿ‬‫׬׌ע‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةֹ‪阋‬ך‪勓畇‬יז‪䕋‬ג׊‪䱰氠‬י׊כ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‪㖪⻉؅‬׾ַי׿׈‪陭㴻‬‬‫‪‬׾ַי׊‪ DOI ؅劔‬י‬‫٭ظס‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةמ‪┞薭‬׾׌‪⺅䕑‬יׄ⮔מ‪⪢倀 XML ؅ 2 嫘갧‬ס‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬מ‪姌‬‬‫‪㸐‬מ׼׿א׼־כ׆׾׿׈‪氠䟨‬מ׿ב׿א׵ ‪API‬׿׈❵‪䳀‬ךّ٭ؚنعش‪ٚ‬وס‪⻄⮂曫獗‬עذ‬‫‪3) https://api.biorxiv.org/‬‬‫‪4) https://api.crossref.org/‬‬‫‪4‬‬䗎‫עכ׆׾׌‬攑겧‫׾ֵך‬‫ך׆׆‬㝂ׂ‫و٭؛ס‬٤ؓ‫ػ٭ٔةتجؠ‬ٜ‫ יַחמ‬PubMed Central(PMC) ֿ PMC Open Access Subset 5) ‫ יַֽמ‬JATS 䓺䑑‫⪢ס‬倀 XML ؅┞⩧溷‫מ‬䳀❵‫י׿ׂי׊‬ַ‫׾‬‫ך׆א‬‫ עך׆׆‬PubMed Central OAI-PMH (Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata

Harvesting) 6) ؅氠ַ‫ذ٭ظי‬؅⹺겏‫׾׌‬

PMC OAI-PMH ‫ עך‬PMC ֿ⻄韢倀‫מ‬㸐‫י׊‬栃蔦‫׽ⰺמ‬䓜‫ גי‬ID ‫ ׾ֵך‬PMCID ؅‫מت٭ي‬‫ذ٭ظ‬؅⺅䕑‫״ג׾׌‬PMC ‫ ס‬ID Converter API 7) ؅ꄼ‫ י׋‬DOI ؅ PMCID ‫מ‬㜟䳕‫׾׌‬‫סא‬┪‫ך‬OAI-PMH ‫ذ٭ظ׼־‬؅⺅䕑‫׾׌‬‫ סי׬׌‬DOI ֿ PMCID ‫מ‬㜟䳕‫׊ַםעךׄ؂׾׀ך‬

PMCID ֵֿ‫כ׼־׾‬阋‫⪢יז‬倀 XML ֿ㲽㐂‫ַֿםעךׄ؂׾׌‬◜⯼‫⪢מ‬倀 XML ‫ס‬㲽㐂؅牞霼‫עכ׆׾׌‬㎦곓‫ךס׾ֵך‬♀㎇‫ ע‬PMCID ֿ⺅䕑‫ג׀ך‬㖪⻉‫ י׬׌ע‬OAI-PMH ‫٭ظיׄ־מ‬‫ذ‬؅⺅䕑‫ג׊‬

4 ⮆冪亠嫎

勓皹‫⮔עך‬卥偙岺‫יַחמ‬ꃍ‫׾׬‬

4.1 奂鬳㵚霄

嬟鼛‫ס‬㸐骭‫ ע‬3 ‫ذق‬٤؅陭㴻‫׾׌‬‫ػ٭ٔة ׍ױ‬ٜ‫وגזםמ‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬‫ػ٭ٔةכ‬ٜ‫ס‬嬟鼛姌‫מ‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫כع‬꿔⛣‫وס⯁׾׌‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫סع‬嬟鼛劄䔿‫ت٭ي מ‬ٚؕ٤‫وי׊כ‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةכع‬ٜ؅ٚ٤‫מّر‬篁‫סًؓג׎؂⻉ײ‬嬟鼛“꿔⛣‫وס⯁׾׌‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫עיַחמ ”ع‬鞃僻؅锡‫״ג׾׌‬䔿‫ך‬侉‫י״‬鞃僻‫׾׌‬

4.2 攐䐶ꄈ‫ס‬鹟㲊䈼⮔؅镸廠‫ס״ג׾׌‬杅䖇ꓪ‫♀י׊כ‬㎇‫┫♧ע‬؅陭㴻‫ג׊‬詇脢俙⹧脝倀桬俙嫘訒俙ⷃ靣俙皹‫عؕذ‬ٜ⫐㵼‫ס‬꿔⛣䍲詇脢⹧脝倀桬‫ⷃע‬筙‫ם‬俙‫ס‬嬟鼛‫יֻⲎמ‬⻏⯼‫عؕذ׷‬ֿٜ┞蔹‫סלֿס׵׾׌‬瓦䍲ֵ‫׵־׾‬锶‫׾‬‫גױ‬皹‫عؕذ‬ٜ‫┞ע‬蔹‫יֻⲎמ‬曩偙‫מׄד‬㲽㐂‫ⷃ׾׌‬靣‫׵־✇ע‬鞪吉‫׾׌‬

4.3 걉⛍䈱‫ס‬縒ֻ亠杅䖇ꓪ‫ך‬ꃍ‫⫐ג׬‬㵼‫ס‬꿔⛣䍲‫ס┫♧עיַחמ‬ꄼ‫׾׌כ׽‬㕈勓溷‫ עמ‬2 ‫סח‬倀剹‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔة׷ع‬ٜ韢倀‫יַחמ‬嫘訒ⷃ⛺‫ך‬嬟鼛‫׾׌‬‫ס׆‬갾嫘訒‫⛺ס‬翝ֿ㜟‫׵יז؂‬嗱⮂‫׾׌מֹ׻ס┫♧מֹ׻׾׀ך‬5) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/tools/openftlist/6) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/tools/oai/7) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/tools/id-converter-api/

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1. 2 ‫סח‬倀剹 A,B ‫⪢ס‬嫘訒ꪨ‫ך‬꿔⛣䍲؅嗱⮂‫׾׌‬

2. A ⣨‫⻄ס‬嫘訒‫׼־‬锶‫י‬劄‫׵‬둚ַ꿔⛣䍲؅‫ ח׵‬B ⣨‫ס‬嫘訒؅ًؓ‫׾׌מ‬
3. A,B ؅⪜‫׿‬劂ֻ‫ י‬2. ‫⭦ס‬槏؅鉿ַB ⣨‫׼־‬锶‫ًؓג‬؅✑䧯‫׾׌‬

4. 2.3.‫ًؓג׀ךך‬؅⪢✄‫י׊כ‬꿔⛣䍲ֿ┞㴻♧┪‫ײסס׵ס‬؅ 2 ‫סח‬倀剹‫⪴ס‬ꄼًؓ‫׾׌כ‬

5. Jaccard ➳俙؅阛砯‫׊‬2 ‫סח‬倀剹 A,B ꪨ‫ס‬꿔⛣䍲‫׾׌כ‬‫ ֽם‬4. ‫ך‬氠ַ‫׾‬ꫲ⡑‫עיַחמ‬┞傾 3. ‫ךךױ‬砯⮂‫ג׊‬嫘訒ꪨ‫⪢ס‬꿔⛣䍲‫⮔ס‬䉘؅锶‫י‬㴻‫׾״‬‫סךױ׆׆‬鞃僻‫“ עך‬꿔⛣䍲” ‫ך‬鞃僻‫ֿג׀י׊‬♀㎇‫✑ס✄⪽ס‬噺‫⻄עיַֽמ‬嫘訒؅⮔俆銨槁؅氠ַ‫عؠيג‬ٜ‫מ‬㜟䳕‫׊‬‫عؠي‬ٜꪨ‫ס‬鴇곐‫ך‬阛砯‫׾ַי׊‬鴇곐‫ע‬ꁿַ偙ֿ⛣‫׾ַי‬꿔⛣䍲‫ע‬㝕‫ַ׀‬偙ֿ⛣‫׾ַי‬‫ךכ׆ַֹכ‬偙⻔䙎‫ע‬沌‫ֿ׾ם‬‫סא‬掾؅ꯙׂ‫כ‬㕈勓溷‫ם‬䩘籽‫מ׀‬ꇙַ‫ַםע‬

4.4 ⮆丆辐杯

⩰ꃍ‫ג׊‬꿔⛣䍲砯⮂‫ⷃעיַֽמ‬靣؅㕈徙‫ؕئؤי׊מ‬٤꿔⛣䍲؅寛‫׾״‬偙岺ֿ┞薭溷‫׾ֵך‬ֿ♀㎇‫⮔ע‬俆銨槁؅氠ַ‫י‬砯⮂‫ג׊‬‫ע׿׆‬吉鞅瞏‫ס‬ꇃ瓦‫ⷃך‬靣‫׷‬阋ַ㎇‫ֿ׊‬㜟ⵊ‫ג׊‬㖪⻉‫ך‬‫ס׼׿א׵‬䈼沌؅ֵ‫׾‬瓦䍲⼔⹺‫י׊‬꿔⛣䍲؅砯⮂‫׾ֵך״ג׾׌‬⮔俆銨槁棨䕑‫✄⪽ס‬溷‫ם‬䩘岺‫ עי׊כ‬FastText 8) ؅氠ַ‫ג‬‫⮔עמذ٭ظ‬卥㸐骭‫و׾ֵך‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ韢倀‫عؕذס‬ٜ嚣锡⪢倀‫ذ٭ظ‬؅氠ַskip-gram ‫ ך‬300 姌⩧‫ס‬㓷‫״‬ꁎ‫ײ‬؅㵅偡‫ג׊‬✑噺‫⩰מ‬皑‫ עذ٭ظיז‬NLTK ‫ כ‬WordNet ؅‫ מت٭ي‬Lemmatize ‫وشعت׷‬٠‫غ٭‬ꯙ⹛‫׵‬鉿‫גז‬篙卸230,020 靣‫ ס‬300 姌⩧⮔俆銨槁؅棨䕑‫ג׊‬嫘訒瞏‫⮔ס‬俆銨槁‫⮔׾׿ױ⻻ס׼׿אע‬俆銨槁؅納䓺Ⲏ砯‫י׊‬婞锺ⵊ‫ס׵ג׊‬؅❈氠‫׾׌‬
4.4.1 ⮆丆辐杯‫ס‬暠䐂䣆嫎‫יַחמ‬气朮笠⮔ꓩ‫ ףֻ❛עיַֽמ‬BioBERT 9) ֿ⪪ꪛ‫׽ֽי׿׈‬‫׿׆‬؅❈ֹ‫ךכ׆‬‫׽׻‬둚ַ窢䍲‫⮔ס‬俆銨槁棨䕑ֿ劻䔵‫׾׀ך‬‫׊דג‬⭦槏ꅋ䍲‫ס‬긖‫♀׼־‬㎇‫ ע‬BioBERT ‫❈ס‬氠‫ע‬锶ꃻ‫׽‬栃蔦‫מ‬圸碎‫ ג׊‬FastText ‫⮔סت٭ي‬俆銨槁؅⯈氠‫ג׊‬⪽✄溷‫מ‬♀㎇⯈氠‫⪢ג׊‬倀‫׼־ذ٭ظ‬ꈌ䓜‫ מ‬5 ⚂؅䫕‫⭦י׊⮂׀‬槏ꅋ䍲؅阛砯‫؀׆כג׊‬

BioBERT ‫ עך‬5 ⚂‫⻉ס‬阛‫ ך‬27.8sec䌐㐬 5.6secFastText ‫⭦ךت٭ي‬槏‫ עךס׵ג׊‬5 ⚂‫⻉ס‬阛‫ ך‬0.1sec ‫׾ֵך‬10) 

FastText ‫⭦סךت٭ي‬槏‫⮔ע‬俆銨槁ꀐ剹‫ס‬圸碎‫׷‬‫ ס״גסא‬Lemmatize‫وشعت‬٠‫סغ٭‬ꯙ⹛‫⭦סלם‬槏‫״ג׾־־ֿعتؤ‬┞嚣‫ס׆מ‬阛砯篙卸‫ײס‬؅䭥‫סعتؤיז‬嬟鼛؅鉿‫׼םעיז‬8) https://fasttext.cc/9) https://github.com/dmis-lab/biobert

10) FastText ‫ؤעך‬٤‫מعت؞ط‬䗎‫י׋‬䍴埉⡑ֿ㜟‫״גַםֿכ׆׾؂‬ֵ‫״׋־׼‬阛砯‫ⷃג׊‬靣ⷃ⛺‫⮔ס‬俆銨槁؅ DB‫מ‬呬等‫׊‬ꌬ䍲鞅‫י׊⮂ײ‬阛砯‫׾ַי׊‬

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‫‪ 20‬׽‪1 倀剹ꁊ‬׾ֵֿ‪䈼‬ס‪ 278 ⠨‬כ׾׌‪⭦槏ꅋ䍲؅嬟鼛‬ס׽גֵ‪ 5 倀皹‬ג׊‪⯼ꃍ‬מ‪ַֿⷃ筙‬ם‬‫‪BioBERT‬׽םמכ׆׾׌‪砯⮂؅锡‬ס‪㖪⻉40 ┧㎇‬׾׌‪倀剹؅⭦槏‬ס⚂┧ ‪ 2‬מ♳י׊כ׾ֵ‪嫘訒‬‬‫‪‬׾׿ױ‪锶ꁎ‬כ‪ 2 免ꪨ瓦䍲‬עךت٭ي ‪♑偙FastText‬׾׿ױ‪ 622 免ꪨ笴 26 傽ֿ锶ꁎ‬עך‬‫׾׌‪窢䍲؅ꃯ寛‬ם‪⹌㶔‬יזֵמ⹺⼔סׁ׼‪䴓‬ס׊‪阋ַ㎇‬׷‪ⷃ靣‬ע‪槏氮‬׾ַ‪♀㎇⮔俆銨槁؅氠‬‬‫‪BioBERT ؅‬ג׊‪⭦槏؅䱰氠‬סךت٭ي ‪ FastText‬י׊‪؅ꓨ镄‬׈‪ꅋ‬ס‪⭦槏ꅋ䍲‬״גַםעךס׵‬‫ך‪鞏꾴‬ס‪♀䔿‬ע‪嗱隍‬ס־׾⮂ֿ‪瓦䍲䈼‬סלמ‪窢䍲‬יַֽמ‪⭦槏‬סךت٭ي ‪ FastText‬כ⻉‪㖪‬גַ‪氠‬‬‫‪‬׾ֵ‬‫‪縒ֻ亠‬ס ”ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛍‪4.5 “걉‬‬‫‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔةמⷃ‪갾‬׾׌‪؅嬟鼛‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وס‪┞薭‬ס‪♧㜽‬׿א‪‬כع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‬‫׷׽־؂עס׾׌‪嬟鼛‬י׊⮂‪簡阛⡑؅砯‬ס‪杅䖇ꓪ‬יַחמع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وס‪♧㜽‬׿א‪‬כع‪ٛ٤‬و‬‫׆א‪‬׾םמ‪㎦곓‬ע‪㸐嬟‬סכ‪篙卸‬ג׊‪ٜ؅嬟鼛‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔةך‪ַֿ┞偙‬׌‬‫‪嬟‬סכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪꿔‬ס׆‪‬׊‪؅䱱筺‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪꿔‬כع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬ך‬‫‪‬׾׌‪鼛篙卸؅⯈氠‬‬‫‪؅‬ס׵ס‪꿔⛣䍲ֿ劄㝕‬ס׵ַ׈‪㸯‬׵‪鴇곐ֿ劄‬ס‪⮔俆銨槁⡑‬ס‪嚣锡‬ע ”ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪“꿔‬‬‫ַ⺜ֿو‪٤‬ذتّؕذ׵׽׻ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔةעع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪갾꿔‬ס׆‪‬׾׌‪陭㴻‬‬‫ַםַיזםמ‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬׽׻מ׿׆‪‬׾׌‪ꮹ㴻‬מס׵ַםַיזםמ‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔةח־‪‬ךס׵‬‫‪‬׾׀ך‪䱖ꯙ‬׵‪⺪茣䙎‬גׄ⺇‪䔔꼸؅‬׼־ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة׷‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‪؆‬؀ה׵עכ׆‬‫‪ꁿ‬יַ‪ NGT 11) ؅氠‬״גס‪阛砯ꓪ⯸庿‬עיַחמס׵ַ׈‪㸯‬׵‪鴇곐ֿ劄‬ס‪⮔俆銨槁⡑‬ך׆׆‬‫⚂‪匛‬ס‪⯼ꃍ‬מ╚⚂ ‪┪⛺ 100‬סع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪꿔‬גז‪鉿‬ךכ׆׾׌‪┪⛺ 100 ⚂؅⺅䕑‬מ‪⛣溷‬‬‫‪ⶨ⚂瓦䍲㲽㐂‬׵ت٭آַםֿס׵׌ג‪؅彸‬ס׵ַםַיזםמ‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔةח־‪⺜ׂ‬מ‪免ꪨ溷‬‬‫⻎‪‬גױ‪‬׾ֵך⚂ ‪ 6,905‬עًؓסع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪꿔‬כع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‪篙卸‬׊‬‫‪ٛ‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪㝂ׂ“꿔‬׵ت٭آׂחצ‪篙‬מع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔةס‪ֿ鏿俙‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وס┞‬‫‪‬׾ֵך⚂ ‪ 3,874‬ע‪⚂俙‬םؠ٭ؼٗס ”ع‪٤‬‬‫‪5 磵冽‬‬‫‪5.1 ⮣僿錃㲊‬‬‫‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة ‪ -‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬׾ַ‪氠‬מ״ג׾״‪ꫲ⡑؅㴻‬ס‪갾‬ס⮂‪꿔⛣䍲砯‬׍ױ‬‫‪⪢嫘訒篁‬ס׿ב׿א‪ًؓ‬ء‪٤‬زشُّر‪ٚ٤‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪ - 꿔‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‬‫‪‬׌‪獏‬מ ‪⮔䉘؅㎫ 2‬ס‪꿔⛣䍲鴇곐‬׾ֽׄמ׎؂⻉ײ‬‫‪ַ┞偙‬ם׿׼‪锶‬ל‪؆‬כ׮עס׵ס┫♧ ‪鴇곐 0.3‬עך⻉‪㖪‬סء‪٤‬زشُّر‪ٚ٤‬כ׾‪㎫ 2 ؅锶‬‬‫׵ס┪♧ ‪ 0.3‬עך׎؂⻉ײ‪篁‬סع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪ٜ٬꿔‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬כع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔةך‬‫‪‬׾׌‪鴇곐 0.3 ؅䱰氠‬ע‪ꫲ⡑‬׾ַ‪氠‬מ⮂‪ Jaccard ➳俙砯‬ס‪倀剹ꪨ‬ך׆א‪‬׾׿׈‪镸㷋‬׵ס‬‫‪11) https://github.com/yahoojapan/NGT‬‬‫‪7‬‬

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㎫ 2 ⪢嫘訒篁‫׾ֽׄמ׎؂⻉ײ‬鴇곐‫⮔ס‬䉘

8

5.2 ⫂㳊‫ס‬걉⛍䈱⯼ꃍ‫ס‬ꫲ⡑‫מ‬㕈‫יַט‬砯⮂‫ג׊‬倀剹ꪨ‫ ס‬Jaccard ➳俙‫⮔ס‬䉘؅㎫ 3 ‫מ‬獏‫׌‬
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㎫3倀剹ꪨ꿔⛣䍲‫⮔ס‬䉘

㎫ 3 ؅锶‫כ׾‬‫׍ױ‬‫ت٭ي‬ٚؕ٤‫׾םכ‬ٚ٤‫ עךزشُّر‬0.95 ♧┪‫ס‬꿔⛣䍲؅䭥‫עס׵ח‬㸴‫ׂם‬0.93 ֵ‫׽ג‬؅‫⮔׾׌מؠ٭م‬䉘؅䲾ַ‫׾ַי‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةכع‬ٜ韢倀‫ע‬䓜撬‫׼ֿם‬꿔⛣䍲ֿ둚ׂ 1.0 ‫ؠ٭مמ‬؅劔‫׾׌‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫כع‬꿔⛣‫و׾׌‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫עךع‬꿔⛣䍲 1.0 ‫לם‬둚ַ꿔⛣䍲؅獏‫⮔מ־׼דם ֿ׾ֵ׵ס׵׌‬䉘‫׽ֽי׊‬㕈勓溷‫מ‬詇脢蔦✄ֿ沌‫כ׆׾ם‬؅脝ֻ‫כ׾‬蔦撬‫׾ֵך‬

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5.3 ‫☽סא‬㛙䎬氳‫ם‬㓹嶖詇脢俙‫⹧׷‬脝倀桬俙‫לם‬⫐㵼‫ס‬꿔⛣䍲♧㜽‫ס‬㜽䓺溷‫ם‬㕈徙‫מ┫♧יַחמ‬獏‫׌‬詇脢俙⹧脝倀桬俙‫ס‬䈼ֽ‫צ׻‬㵅俙⮔䉘؅㎫ 4,5 ‫מ‬獏‫׌‬⹧脝倀桬‫ػ٭ٔة“ יַחמ‬ٜ韢倀” ‫כ‬‫ע‬糇몮‫⮔מ‬䉘ֿ‫׽ֽי׊عنب‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ韢倀‫׾םמ‬갾‫⹧מ‬脝倀桬ֿ㙟ֻ‫ֿ⻔⥰׾‬牞霼‫׾׀ך‬対 ジャーナル対 類似するプレプリント㎫ 4 詇脢俙⹧脝倀桬俙‫ס‬䈼‫⮔ס‬䉘㎫銨俙‫ס‬䈼ֽ‫צ׻‬㵅俙⮔䉘؅㎫ 6,7 ‫מ‬獏‫׌‬㎫ 6,7 ╚tab ‫ ע‬JATS-XML ‫ ס‬table ‫ءذ‬؅tabw‫ ע‬table-wrap ‫ءذ‬؅䟨⽱‫׾׌‬‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬⣨‫ עך‬table ‫׍׿؂❈׽ױֵֿءذ‬table-wrap ֿ㝂氠‫״ג׾ֵֿ⻔⥰׾ַי׿׈‬table, table-wrap ‫׽⺅ס‬䪒ַ‫עמ‬汦䟨؅锡‫׾׌‬嫘訒俙٬ⷃ靣俙‫ס‬䈼ֽ‫צ׻‬㵅俙⮔䉘؅㎫ 8,9 ‫מ‬獏‫׌‬㎫ 9 ؅‫ػ٭ٔةכ׾ײ‬ٜ韢倀‫כ‬嬟鼛‫ג׊‬갾‫מ‬杅‫⮔ׂ׌׷׽־؂מ‬䉘ֿ⺯‫ػ٭ٔة׽ֽי׊عنبמ‬ٜ韢倀ⵊ‫׾׌‬갾‫מ‬嫘訒俙٬ⷃ靣俙ֿ㙟Ⲏ‫׾־⮔ֿכ׆׾ַי׊‬㎫ 8 ‫׵׼־‬嫘訒俙٬ⷃ靣俙ֿ庿‫עت٭آ׾‬䉤‫׾־⮔ֿכ׆׾ֵך‬皹‫عؕذס‬ٜ‫יַחמ‬⻎┞‫ס׵ס‬沌‫סס׵׾ם‬俙‫⮔ס‬䉘؅㎫ 10 ‫מ‬獏‫׌‬

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プレプリント対 類似するプレプリント

ジャーナル

プレプリント類似プレプリント㎫ 5 詇脢俙⹧脝倀桬俙‫⮔ס‬䉘
対 ジャーナル対 類似するプレプリント㎫ 6 ㎫銨俙‫ס‬䈼‫⮔ס‬䉘

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プレプリントプレプリントジャーナル

類似プレプリント㎫ 7 ㎫銨俙‫⮔ס‬䉘
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段落数の差 (jnl - ppr)

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単語数

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プレプリント㎫ 9 嫘訒俙٬ⷃ靣俙‫⮔ס‬䉘

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類似プレプリント対 ジャーナル

対 類似するプレプリント

重複するタイトルの件数

重複するタイトルの件数

ジャーナルプレプリントのみに存在する章の数

ジャーナルプレプリントのみに存在する章の数

ジャーナルのみに存在する章の数

類似プレプリントのみに存在する章の数㎫ 10 皹‫عؕذס‬ٜ‫⾔ס‬٬䈼겏⻉‫⮔ס‬䉘

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5.4 ‫عؕذ‬ٜ‫ס‬䄐‫מ‬꞊‫׾׌‬鐧削‫عؕذ‬ٜ‫ⷃעיַחמ‬筙‫מ‬俙؅锶‫ׂםךׄד׾‬ꓨ鏿‫عؕذ׾׌‬ٜ‫׷‬沌‫عؕذ׾ם‬ٜ‫׵יַחמ‬鞪‫ג׬‬

5.4.1 珕‫عؕذ‬ٜ‫ס‬䄐皹‫عؕذ‬ٜ‫ס‬䈼‫עיַחמ‬⪴ꄼ‫ס׵׾׌‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫מײסع‬㲽㐂‫ס׵׾׌‬‫٭ٔة‬‫ػ‬ٜ韢倀‫עׂ׊׵‬꿔⛣‫و׾׌‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫מײסع‬㲽㐂‫ס׵׾׌‬‫׿ב׿איַחמ‬٠‫ؠغ٭‬ٚ‫כغؗ‬‫י׊‬俠槏‫ג׊‬‫ס׆‬갾‫عؕذ‬ٜ‫“ ס⯼ס‬1. ” ‫סלם‬沁⺴‫عؕذ׷‬ٜ劄䔿‫مס‬ٛ‫׷غ؛‬疾溮‫ע‬ꯙ⹛‫׊‬㝕倀㲻㸯倀㲻‫׵יַחמ‬摾镄‫י׊‬嬟鼛‫׾ַי׊‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ ع‬- ‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ ‫סיַחמ‬鞪吉篙卸؅㎫ 11,12,13 ‫מ‬獏‫׌‬Introduction:_Towards_Fair_And_Open_Cell_Migration_Data
Conclusions,_Implications,_Limitations_And_Future_Directions
Results_Aim_1._Intra-Individual_Reliability_Of_Oculomotor_Variability_Measures
Instrument_Performance In-Silico_Definition_Of_The_Drosophila_Melanogaster_Matrisome
Cellular_Patterning_Of_Dna_Accessibility Results_Aim_3._No_Between-Subject_Correlations_Between_Questionnaires_And_Oculomotor_Behaviour
A_Detailed_Mathematical_Model_Of_A_Voltage-Clamp_Experiment
Experimental_Implementation_Of_The_Lsfm Software_Description
The_Multiple_Compatible_Arrangements_Problem_(Mcap) Prefixes_And_Suffixes_Of_A_Taboo-Free_String Characterizing_The_Conflict_Structures_That_Imply_Heterogeneity
What_Is_A_Systems_Change_Framework?
Model_Selection_And_Multi-Model_Inference
Potential_Implications_Of_Natural_Wolbachia_Infections_For_Releases_Of_Novel_Infections
Computational_Method_And_System_Equations
A_Two-Parameter_Characterization_Of_Genes
Retinotopic_Mapping_Experiment
Conceptual_Examples
Experiment_1:_Same-Different_Task Availability_And_Requirements Implementation_Details Pipeline_Specifics
A_Standard_Form_For_Overflow_Metabolism_Models
Case_Study_1:_Simulated_Regions
Introducing_Educational_Neurorobotics
Experimental_MethodsGenome_Sizes_And_Basic_Features Ecosystem_Sampling Ethics_Statement
Dots_Quadrant_Experiment
Experiments,_Results_And_Discussion Experiment_1:_Predictions_Of_Success
Unification_Of_Optimization_Approaches
Pathway_And_Interaction_Data_Coverage
Pre-Processing_Pipeline
Alternative_Formulation_In_Tn_Dimensions
Ciliary_Coordination_And_Emergence_Of_Metachronal_Waves
Case_Study:_The_Gills_Of_Scomber_Japonicus Experimental_Study
Morphology
Potential_Of_Future_Growth
Availability_And_Future_Directions
Results:_Cmso_Standards_And_Tools
Adaptive_Optics
Implications
Method_Details
Construction_And_Content
Methods_And_Implementation
Data_And_Methods
Sample_Run
Overview_Of_Computational_Model_Of_Early_Vision
Features_Of_Gappa
Supplementary_Data
Mri_Data_Acquisition
Web_Applications_And_Training_Materials
Patients_And_Methods
Model_Description
Case_Study_2:_Neon_Imagery
Simulations
Model_And_Methods Experiment_3
Dats_Use_Metadata Conclusions_And_Future_Developments
Tes_Forward_Problem Results_And_Analysis
Methods_And_Models
Motivating_Example
Discussion_And_Conclusions Experiments Subjects_And_Methods Generalizing_The_Stochastic_Model
Data_Availability
Conclusions_And_Discussion
Conflict_Of_Interest
Limitations_Of_Studies_To_Date
Methodology
A_Constitutive_Model_For_Epithelial_Monolayers Methods_And_Results
Isolation_Of_An_Asgard_Archaeon
Literature_Review
Visual_Response
General_Discussion
Predictions_For_Precision_And_Error_Distributions
Color
Tractography_Protocol_Definition
Discussion_And_Outlook
Usage_Notes
Overview_Of_The_Model
Why_Good_Reporting_Is_Important
Methods_And_Material Technical_Validation
Implementation_And_Availability
Background_And_Objectives
Method_And_Materials
Endosymbionts
Future_Directions
Discussion:_The_Overall_Vision
Eco-Evolutionary_Control_Theory
Analyses
Use_Case
Model
Simulation_Results Findings
Candidatus_Liberibacter_Asiaticus
Integer_Linear_Programming_Formulation_For_Mcap
Author_Contributions
Data
Software_Availability
Definitions
Experiment_2:_Decisions_To_Engage_Attention
Immune_Response
Methods_And_Data
Background_&_Summary
Simulation_1
Experimental_Section
Software_Tools Statistical_Physics_Of_Model_Selection_And_Ensemble_Estimation
Life_History
Related_Work
The_Dtm-Gt_Optimization_Problem!!toplevel
Data_Records
Summary_And_Outlook
The_Workflow
Prc-Arc_Shift_In_The_Model
Case_Study:_Conifers
Quantifying_Site_And_Scanner_Effects_In_Adni_Data Notation Software Material_And_Methods
Algorithm Result Software_Infrastructure

Results_And_Discussion

Supporting_Information
Conclusion
Conclusions

Methods

Introduction
BackgroundResults
Discussion
Materials_And_Methods

The_Gtm_Method Discussion_And_Future_Work

Conclusion_And_Future_Perspective
Data_And_Code_Availability

Theoretical_Model

Evaluation_Of_Wgd_Inferences
Validation
Future_Implementations
Simulation_2
Applications
Mathematical_Model Sample_Usage
Model_Development Availability_Of_Supporting_Data_And_Materials
Walk-Through_Examples
Problem_And_Method
Experimental_Results
Experiments_And_Results
Simulation
Results_Of_Experiment_1
Model_Formulation
Conclusions_And_Perspectives
Maximum_Entropy

Statistical_Analysis
Sensitivity_Analysis

Limitations_Of_The_Study
The_Genome_Segment_Graph_(Gsg) The_3D_Brain_Unit
Physiology
ExampleBenchmarking
Diamond_Experiment
Dispersal
Olfaction
Utility_And_Discussion
Protecting_Confidential_Research_Data
Links_With_Biophysical_Analysis

Conclusions_And_Implications
Toolbox_Signal_Processing_Outline

Subjects_And_Fmri_Acquisition
Downstream_Analysis
Construction_Of_Confidence_Radius_Database
Experiment_1:_Positive_Relief
Probing_Behavior
Eeg_Measurement_Model
Theory_And_Design_Of_Autotuner

Probabilistic_Item_Limits
Experiment_2 Limitations
Conclusions_And_Future_Directions
Materials_&_Methods
Experimental_Procedures
Summary_And_Conclusion
Discussions Online_Methods
Data_Acquisition_And_Pre-Processing Results_And_Discussions Fmri_Results
Simulation_Study
Implementation Discussion_And_Conclusion
Context-Aware_Seeds
Animals,_Material_And_Methods Methods_And_Materials
Identifying_The_Source_Of_Predictive_Information
Method Theory
Methods_&_Materials
Conclusion_And_Discussion
Outlook
Material_&_Methods Ethics
Experimental_Demonstration
Description
Materials_And_Method
Main_Text
Simulation_Studies
Dots_Experiment
Wolbachia_Infections_In_Natural_PopulationsModels_And_Results Main
Data_Description Concluding_Remarks
Study_1
Computational_Methods
A_Simple_Model_Of_Inertial_Delay
Statistics
The_Evolutionary_Arena_Framework
Database_Content_And_Web_Interface
Study_2
Experiment_1
Materials
Data_Analysis
Empirical_Analyses Dats_Access_Metadata
Sex_Ratio Summary
Supplementary_Material Funding Model_Results Previous_Work
Application_Structure Theory_And_Implementation
Discussions_And_Conclusion
Results_&_Discussion
Longitudinal_Combat
New_Approaches
Result_And_Discussion
Design_And_Implementation
Releases_Of_Novel_Wolbachia_Infections_For_Vector_And_Disease_Control
Neutrality General_Background Eeg_Source_Reconstruction
Divide-And-Conquer_Pipelines_For_Dtms Research_Design_And_Methods Results/Discussion
Usage_Scenario
Netcomp:_Network_Comparison_In_Python Conclusion_And_Future_Work
Vibrational_Communication
Summary_And_Conclusions
Statistical_Observations_And_Interpretations Results,_Discussion,_Conclusions
Experiment_2:_Visual_Search
Theory_And_Methods
Results_And_Conclusion
Across-Experiment_Generalization_Results
Synthetic_Mri_Data_Generation
Statistical_Behavior Data_Formats_And_Availability The_Proposed_Software
Validation_Analyses
General_Methods
Partitioning_Spectral_Diversity
Benchmark_Problems_For_Models_Of_Root_Architecture_And_Function
Modelling_Terraformation_Of_Semiarid_Ecosystems
Response_Curves_And_Their_Relationship_In_A_Focus_Model
Bayesian_Model_Discrimination_For_Outbreak_Control
The_Generalized_Fractional_Viscoelastic_Model_Characterizes_The_Biphasic_Stress_Relaxation_Response
Discussion_And_Further_Research
Usage_Of_The_Model_Beyond_Epithelial_Monolayers
The_Generalised_Fractional_Viscoelastic_Model_Predicts_The_Response_To_Different_Loading_Conditions_With_No_Further_Fitting Features_Of_Genesis
Model_–_Weighted_Combinations_Of_Transient_Types
Predictive_Information_With_Structured_Stimuli
Experiment_2:_Negative_Relief
Evidence_Required_To_Confirm_Natural_Wolbachia_Infections
Caveats_And_Future_Directions
Disparate_Systems_With_Similar_Predictive_Information
A_Seeding_Scheme_With_Context-Aware_Seeds
Comparison_Of_Data_Harmonization_Approaches_In_Adni_Data
Pamgene_Pamchip®_Arrays Ensemble_Estimation_And_Network_Inference
Accessing_The_Drosophila_Matrisome_And_Utilizing_It_To_Annotate_Large_Datasets
Validating_The_Mathematical_Model_With_Electrical_Model_Cell_Experiments㎫ 11ꓨ鏿‫ס׵׾׌‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ

Establishing_First-Passage_Time_Behaviour_In_A_Colloidal_System
Application_To_The_Crater_Landscape_Model_Of_Transcriptional_Regulation
Application_To_H-Ras_And_Comparison_With_Experimental_And_Clinical_Data
The_Dsdna_‘Grip’_Stabilizes_Csm3/Tof1_In_The_Replisome
The_Need_For_Sample_And_Strain_Verification
Methods:_Data_Compilation_And_Processing
Genome_Annotation
Cortical_Sensitivity_To_Natural_Scene_Structure
Probing_Behavior_(Epg)
Downloading_And_Processing_Of_Real_Data_For_Analysis
Empirical_Evidence_Of_Beta-Cell_Collective_Behavior
Samples_And_Pacbio_Sequencing
Summary_Of_Toxin_Identifications A__-Approximation_Of_Mcap_With_K_=_2_Using_A_Scap_Oracle
Dicussion
Eccentricity_Effect_On_The_Dynamics
Full_Comparison
Assembly_Strategy
Theoretical_Background_And_Numerical_Investigation
Results:_Binary_Bayesian_Change_Point_(Bbcp)_Detection_Model
Description_&_Results
A__-Approximation_Algorithm_For_Scap
Study_System
Variant_Calling,_Processing,_And_Qc_Analysis_Of_Sv_And_Strs
Dynamics_In_3D
Data_Characterization Literature_Review
Kelly_As_Precursor
Conclusions_And_Recommendations Imaging_Experiment_At_The_Pre-Reading_Stage
Event-Related_PotentialsModeling
Data_And_Methods Methods_And_Material Conclusion_&_Discussion
Problem_Definition
Author_Summary
Cross-Correlations Mechanism_Of_Strand_Separation_By_The_Replisome
New_Approaches
Subject_Enrollment Data_And_Code_Availability
Ld_Tagging Theoretical_Background
Supplemental_Material
Pipeline_Description Code_And_Data_Availability
Data_And_Software_Availability Growth_Transform_Dynamical_System
Agent-Based_Model
Experiment_3
Main_Body
Software_Availability
Background_Characterizing_Expertise
Neural_Dynamics Acknowledgements
Materials [Methods]
Summary_And_Conclusions
Technical_Validation
Limitations_Of_The_Study Concluding_Remarks Inference
Two-Photon_Airy_Lsfm_Imaging_Results
Algorithm
Analysis_Overview
Disease_Evolution_Map_(Dem) Study_Limitations Software
Data_Description Accession_Numbers Findings Datasets_And_Methods
Results_And_Discussions Summary_Of_Experiments
Declarations Applications
Method_Details
Wgs_Processing
Experiment_2
Competing_Interests Data_Analysis Authors’_Contributions Objective
Conclusion_And_Discussion Targeted_Comparison
Introducton Methods_And_Implementation
Importance Evaluation_Metrics Methods_And_Materials
Competitive_Optimality_With_Risk Density_EffectDiscussion_And_Conclusions
Histology
The_Full-Fitness_Matrix_Model
Discusion
Intro Statistical_Analysis
Synthesis_Of_Results Data_Records Methods_And_Results
Incorporating_Synaptic_Time_Delays
Limitations_Of_The_Bsn_Model Implementation
Main Data_Availability Experimental_Section Computational_Model
Data_Analysis_And_StatisticsRecommendations
Results_&_Discussion
Compliance_With_Ethical_Standards
Material_And_Method
Recommendation
Identifying_Cases_Of_Adaptive_Bet_Hedging
Statistical_Analyses
Building_A_Spike_Sorting_Pipeline
Ethics_Statement
Text
Assessment The_Payoff_Function_In_A_Game-Theoretic_Setting
Experimental_Data Contributions
ResultExperiment_1
Supplementary_Information Material_&_Methods
Assignment_Of_Spike_Phases
Acknowledgments
Application
Interpretation[Discussion]Computational_Methods
The_Standard_Model
General_Discussion[Introduction]
Properties_Of_The_Interpolation_Solution
Longitudinal_Psychometric_Measurements Methods_&_Materials

Results_And_Discussion

Materials_And_Methods

Supporting_Information
Conclusion

Conclusions

Methods

Introduction !!toplevel
Results

Grant_Information Use_Cases
Subjects_And_Data
Theory Urls
Data
Future_Work
Analysis
Minimizing_Time_To_Reach_Some_Population_Size_C
Disclosures
Summary
Adaptive_Bed-Hedging
Conlcusion Abbreviations Design_Principles
Case_Study
Data_Collection A_Curve_Description_Of_The_Protein_Molecule
Body Experimental_Procedures
Star_Methods
Statistics Model
Application_On_Empirical_Data
Limitations Design_And_Implementation Ena_Integration
Instrument_Design
Supplemental_Materials Dusk_And_Dark
Method Related_Work
Seasonal_Photoperiod
Experimental_Model_And_Subject_Details
Procedure New_Approach
Materials_&_Methods Code_Availability
Web_Resources
Conflict_Of_Interest Experiment_Setup Application_To_Cho-Herg1A_Patch-Clamp_Data
The_Lumped-Hub_Approximation Disclosure
Methodology
Supplementary_Materials Simulating_Data
Behavior_Assays
Materials_And_Method
Multivariate_Classification
Author’S_Contributions
Measures Discussions
Introduction_And_Background
Methods_Summary
Author_Contributions Data_Access Noise Usage_Notes
Matherials_And_Methods The_Machinery
Conclusions_And_Future_Directions
System_And_Methods Apo_E4_And_The_Lymphatic_System
Supplementary_Figure_Legends Discussion_And_Conclusion Online_Methods
Funding Availability Manuscript Implementations Discussion(1500)
Availability_Of_Data_And_Materials
Mathematical_Model
Datasets
Lymphatic_Vessels_In_The_Brain
Limits_To_The_Lumped_Hub_Approximation Quantification_And_Statistical_Analysis Statistical_Methods
Model_Specification
Application_Examples
List_Of_Abbreviations
Experimental_Results
Genome_Assembly
Approach
Data_Availability_Statement
Analyses
Estimation_Of_The_Recombination_Rate
Data_Accessibility
Material_Methods
Declaration_Of_Interests
Discussion_&_Conclusion
Availability_And_Requirements
Model_Description
Funding_Information
Western_Blotting
Model_And_Results
Evaluating_Structural_Similarity
Growth_Transform_Spiking_Neuron_Model Experimental_Methods Supplemental_Information
Case_Studies[Results] Background_&_Summary
Background_And_Summary
Limitation_Of_The_Study
Structure_Of_Csm3/Tof1
Results/Discussion
Minimum_Epistasis_Interpolation
Availability_Of_Supporting_Data Authors’_ContributionExperiments
Background:_Balanced_Spiking_Network_Model
Supplementary_Data
Single-Photon_Airy_Lsfm_Imaging_Results
Structure_Of_Ctf4_In_The_Replisome
Research_Design_And_Methods
Overview_Of_Spikeinterface
Dynamics_With_Scale-Free_Networks:_Motivating_Observations
Structural_Imaging
Conflicts_Of_Interest Csm3/Tof1_Interactions_With_Mcm_And_Dsdna
Empirical_Background
Conflict_Of_Interest_Statement Emerging_Properties_Of_Beta_Cell-To-Cell_Communication
Other_Approaches_To_Finite_Horizon_And_Managing_Risk
Bsn_With_Conditionally_Poisson_Neurons
Solving_The_Mlqst_Problem_Using_Dynamic_Programming
Features_And_Examples
Eye_Movement_Behavior_Reflective_Of_Cognitive_Processes
Growth_Transform_Neuron_Model
Relative_Fitness_Payoff_Function
Model_Development
Feedback_Analysis_For_The_Lumped-Hub_Network_Ensemble
Blobtoolkit
Experimental_Procedure
Applicability_Of_Feedback_Analysis_To_Finite_Sfo_Networks
High_Resolution_Melting_Pcr
Generating_Simulated_Datasets_For_Analysis
Theory_And_Methods
Mrc1_Spans_One_Side_Of_The_Replisome
Apo_E4_In_Ad-Associated_Neurovascular_Function
High-Resolution_Details_Of_Cmg-Ssdna_Interactions_In_The_Mcm_Aaa+_C-Tier
The_Csm3/Tof1_Dsdna_‘Grip’_Is_Important_For_Replication_Fork_Pausing

Material_And_Methods

Main_Text
BackgroundDiscussion

Cryo-Em_Structure_Of_Csm3/Tof1,_Mrc1_And_Ctf4_In_Complex_With_Cmg_At_A_Replication_Fork
Applying_Whole_Genome_Sequencing_To_Strain_And_Sample_Verification
Game-Theoretic_Competitive_Optimality_Of_Bell_And_Cover㎫ 12 ‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ײסع‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ㎫ 12,13 ؅嬟鼛‫כ׾׌‬꾗⮂靣‫⛣ע‬ꄼ‫׽ֽיז‬❛ֻ‫ ף‬Material ֿ巆‫׵ت٭آ׾׿׈‬鳉‫٭آ׾׿׈‬‫׾־⮔ֿכ׆׾ֵ׵ت‬

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One_Tl_Closing-Opening_Cycle_Typically_Occurs_For_Each_Nucleotide_Addition_In_Transcription_Elongation
Different_Perspective-Specific_Solutions_Regarding_Sequential_Testing
Study_1:_Childhood_Adversity_And_Collective_Action_In_The_European_Values_Study
Sensitivity_To_The_Order_Of_Sequential_Tests
Single-Locus_Tree_Inference Use_Of_Pext_In_Burden_Testing
Appendix:_Derivation_Of_Correlation_Matrix
A_High-Quality_Catalogue_Of_Variation
Dsb_Formation_In_Spermatocytes
Materials_And_Correspondence Simulation_Study
Research_Design_And_Methods Sequencing_Technologies

Author_Contributions_(Credit_Taxonomy)
Case_For_Topological_Data_Analysis
Conclusion_And_Future_Directions Time-Reversible_Models_Of_Sequence_Evolution
Inferring_The_Initial_Forward_Generation-Interval_Distribution
Consequence_For_Sequential_Tests_And_Open_Data
Data_And_Software_Availability
Patient_Consent
Pns_Carrying_Long_Range_Information
Experimental Change-Blindness Ethics_Approval
A_Distinctive_Par_Ultrastructure
Opinion/Hypothesis Results_And_Discussions
Analyses
Disclosure_Of_Potential_Conflicts_Of_Interest
Summary_Statement
Conclusion__ Construction_And_Content
Algorithms_And_Training_Procedures
Trans-Acting_Determinants
Conclusions_And_Future_Directions Funding_Sources Ethics_Approval_And_Consent_To_Participate
Functional_Validation_Of_Pext
Procedure
Funding_Source
Scalability_With_Large_Data_Sets Financial_Support Future_Directions
Supplementary_Materials
Data_And_Code_Availability_Statement Code_Availability
The_Consequence_Of_Not_Taking_Multiple_Sequential_Testing_Seriously
Data_Records
Data_Archiving
Hvc_Pns_Encode_Long_Range_Syntax StarMethods
ProspectAvailability_Of_Data_And_Materials
Observation
Trait_Association_And_Clinical_Genetics
Use_Of_Pext_In_Variant_Interpretation Materials_AndMethods
Supplemental_Materials
BnPage
Conclusions_ Authors’_Contributions
Results/Discussion
Declarations
Results_Study_1 Additional_Information
Web_Resources
Findings
Isoform_Diversity_And_Variant_Interpretation
Summary
Perspectives_And_Significance Utility_And_Discussion
Conclusions__Validation_Of_The_Lof-Intolerance_Score
Availability_Of_Source_Code_And_Requirements
Implementation
Additional_File
Gene_Annotation
Realized_Generation-Interval_Distributions_Across_Space
Results_
Funding_And_Disclosure Sv_Discovery_And_Genotyping
Hvc_Pns_Also_Encode_Within-Phrase_Timing
Delta_Theta_Rather_Than_Theta
Introduction_
Significance_Statement Notes
Role_Information
Introduction__
Reporting_Summary
Methods_
Theory__
Results__
Data_Accessibility
Announcement Future_Work
Documentation,_User_Support,_And_Workshop_Materials
Methods__
Main_Text
Technical_Validation
Conclusions_&_Future_Directions
Discussion_
Disclaimer
Families_Of_Tests_Through_Time
Statistical_Analysis
For_More_Information
Signals
Summary_And_Conclusions
Experiment_3 Data_Analysis
Fast_Branch_Tests
The_Stress_Response
Consent_For_Publication Materials_&_Methods
Fishing_License
SignificanceSubjects_And_Methods
Ethical_Approval_Statement
Online_Content
Methods: Algorithm
Discussion_And_Conclusion Authors_Contribution
Methods_And_Materials AuthorshipResource_Availability General_Discussion
Ethical_Approval
Online_Methods
Pext_Score_Summarizes_Isoform_Expression

Conflict_Of_Interest_Statement

Additional_Files

Ethics_Statement

Data_Availability_Statement
Results_And_Discussion

Discussion
Results Introduction

Extended_Data

StarMethods

Author_Contributions

Supplementary_Data

Availability_And_Requirements

Supporting_Information
Statistical_Analyses

Introducing_Arrive_2.0

Conflicts_Of_Interest
Software Disclosure

Competing_Interests

Materials_And_Methods
Supplementary_Material
ToffeeMaterials_Availability

Data_Summary

Star+Methods Materials_And_Methods_
Heterochromatic_Mo-2_Minisatellites
Funding_Information
Credit_Author_Statement
Isa-Tab_Metadata_File
Declarations_Of_Competing_Interest

Methods

Funding Data_Bibliography

Author'S_Note Discussion__ Experiment_1

Context
Taxonomy

Text

Data_Access_

Author_Contribution

Data

GrantsStop_Signal_Task

ResultOutlook

Main

New_Options_For_Tree_Search
Fast_Likelihood_Mapping_Analysis

Running_Puma
Experimental_Results

Experimental_Section

Availability:

Abbreviations Data_And_Code_Availability

Conflict_Of_Interests Experimental_Methods
Author_Summary

Limitations_Of_The_Current_Study
Ethical_Compliance
Instrument_Design,_Integration,_And_Configuration

New_Approaches
Author’S_Note
Software_And_Data
Background_&_Summary

Credit_Authorship_Contribution_Statement
Experimental_Design
Experiment_2
Lossless_Compression
Limitations_Of_The_Study

ResultsAnd_Discussion
Contributions

Data_Availability
Background

Conflict_Of_Interest Conclusion!!toplevel

Fecal_Source_Tracking_Application Limitations
Pollen_Key Design_And_Implementation
Model Authors'_Contributions

Acknowledgments
Nonreversible_Substitution_Models
Disclosures
Authors_Contributions
Acknowledgements
No_Eye-Tracking Material_And_Methods
Conclusion_And_Perspectives
Concluding_Remarks

Conclusions

Statistical_Families
MethodSupplemental_Information Results_And_Discussion__
Authors'_Contribution
Accession_Numbers
Electronic_Supplementary_Material Methods_Summary
Dynamic_Remodeling_Of_Par_Structure
Experimental_Procedures Highlights
Methods_And_Results
Discussion_And_Conclusions
Np-Completeness_Of_Scap_And_Mcap
Usage_Notes
Online_Methods:
Supplemental_Material
Authors’_Contribution
Author_Contributions_
Validation_Experiments
Declaration_Of_Interests
Hvc_Pns_Active_In_Complex_Transitions
Availability_Of_Supporting_Data_And_Materials
Availability An_Intuitive_Example_Of_The_Problem
The_Lof_Intolerance_Of_Human_Genes
Approach
Discussions
Implementation,_Training_And_Results
Materials_And_Methods__ Software_Availability
Fast_Topology_Tests
Accession_Codes
Information_Sharing_Statement
Sources_Of_Funding
Genome_Sequencing_And_Assembly
Declaration_Of_Interest
Declaration_Of_Transparency_And_Scientific_Rigour
Shared_Molecular_Processes_Of_Cerebral_Atherosclerosis_And_Ad
Strengths_And_Limitations
Availability_Of_Supporting_Source_Code_And_Requirements
Disclosure_Statement
Running_Experiments_And_Managing_Data_In_Rigbox
Complex_Transitions_In_A_Subset_Of_Song_Phrases
Availability_And_Future_Directions
Tl_Closing_And_Opening_Occur_On_Millisecond_Timescales
Conclusions_And_Future_Perspectives
System_And_Methods
Conscious_Awareness_Of_Eye_Movements
Enhanced_Mapper_For_Multiple_Measurements Author’S_Contributions
Towards_A_Solution
Results_Study_2_(Replication)
Realized_Generation-Interval_Distributions_Across_Time
Systematically_Accounting_For_Missing_Data
Mo-2_Regions_In_Oocytes
Par(-Like)_Axis_Remodeling_And_Mo-2 Population_Genetics_And_Genome_Biology
Genome_Sizes_And_Transposable_Elements
Identifying_Loss-Of-Function_Variants
Vergence-Accommodation_Conflict Ethics_And_Consent_For_Publication
Constraint_Informs_Disease_Aetiologies
Synergistic_Activity_Predicts_Complex_Behavior
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Uncorrected_Sequential_Tests_Will_Flood_The_Scientific_Literature_With_False_Positives
Study_2:_Current_Adversity_And_Collective_Action_In_The_World_Values_Survey
Use_Of_Smfret_To_Detect_And_Characterize_Tl_Closing_And_Opening_In_Solution

Dosage_Sensitivity_Of_Coding_And_Noncoding_Loci
Code_Availability_Statement

Declaration_Of_Competing_Interest

Theoretical_Background_And_Numerical_Investigations㎫ 13 ‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ‫ײס‬‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ
Results_&_Discussion

Material_And_Methods

Supporting_Information
General_Discussion

Conclusion Description

Discussion

Introduction
Discussions

Results
Declarations

Main

Materials_And_Methods
Data_Description!!toplevel
Main_Text

Methods

ResultExperimental_Procedures

MethodMethods_And_Implementation

BackgroundResults_And_Discussion Conclusions
Implementation
Model

Materials_&_Methods
Design_And_Implementation㎫ 14

Experiment_2ꓨ鏿‫ס׵׾׌‬꿔⛣

Mitochondrial_Bioenergetic_Studies_(High-Resolution_Respiratory)
Cost,_Quality_And_Parallelizability_In_Scalable_Probabilistic_Approximation_(Spa)Applications_To_Classification_And_Prediction_Problems_From_Natural_Sciences
Availability_Of_Supporting_Data_And_Materials
Application_To_H-Ras_And_Comparison_With_Experimental_And_Clinical_Data
Data_Re-Use_Potential Computing_Optimal_Discretization_For_Bayesian_And_Markovian_Models
Experiment_F_–_Touches,_Beeps_&_Saccades
Analysis_Of_A_Single_Landscape Methods_Experimental_Data_Of_Nav1.5_(Zhang_Et_Al._2013)
Sensitivity_Analysis_And_Feature_Selection_With_Spa
Computational_Model Generation-Interval_Distributions_Across_Time
Discussions_And_Future_Work
Discussion_And_Outlook
Gradient_Analysis Summary_And_Conclusions
Availability_And_Requirements
Spatiotemporal_Buffer_Analysis
Genome_Properties_And_Comparison Implementation_And_Availability
Supplemental_Materials
Reorganisation_Of_Ciliary_Flows_During_Regeneration
An_Upstream_Mtc_Directs_Imprinting_At_Impact
Western_Blotting Supplementary_Materials
EthicsProtocolDeposit_In_Culture_Collection
Theory_And_Methods Patients_And_Methods
Implementations Model_Results
An_Mt2A_Is_Required_For_Slc38A4_Imprinting
Data_And_Methods
Data_Collection_And_Processing
Limitations_Of_The_Study
Theory_And_Algorithms
Experiments_And_Results
Conclusions_And_Future_Directions Computational_Methods
Parameter_Optimization
Objective
Methods_And_Implementation
Quantification_And_Statistical_Analysis
Implications
Cell_Biology_And_Physiology_Of_Mk-D1
Supplementary_Data
Supplementary_Material
Robustness_Checks
Data_Sharing
Discussion_And_Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Data_And_Software_Availability
Appendix_A:_Methods_Details
Models_And_Results Declaration_Of_Interests
Online_Methods Experiment_3 Usage
Database_Content_And_Web_Interface
Supplemental_Material Simulations Technical_Validation
Background_&_Summary
Animal_Model
The_Workflow
Result_And_Discussion
General_Discussion
Data_Collection
Proteomics_Data_Assessment
Material_&_Methods
Discussion_&_Conclusion
Algorithm
Development
Methodology
Background_And_Motivation
Disclosure
Validation
Event-Related_Potentials
Description
Reconstruction_Of_Extant_And_Ancestral_Features
Authors’_Contributions Author_Contributions
Methods_And_Material Experiment_A_–_Beeps_&_Saccades
Funding
Conflict_Of_Interest
Experimental_Data
Result
Data_Records
Definitions
Phenotypic_Characteristics
Potential_Implications
Analysis

System_And_Methods

Results_&_Discussion

New_Approaches
Data_Access
Urls

Conclusion

Conclusions
Experimental_Procedures

Discussion

Conflicts_Of_Interest
Patient,_Materials_And_Methods Accession_Numbers
Simulation_Results Simulation
Ethics_Statement
Results_And_Analysis
Experiments,_Results_And_Discussion
Inference
Author’S_Contributions

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Model_And_Methods
Experimental_Results
Method_Details
Study_1
Applications
Accession_Codes
Future_Work Statistical_Methods
Conclusions_And_Practical_Applications Experimental_Section
Material_And_Methods_Model Discussion_And_Conclusions
Study_Limitations
Completing_Interests
Main Text
Conclusion_And_Discussion
Utility_And_Discussion Discussions
Case_Studies
Implementation
The_Pylandstats_Library Methods_And_Results
Conlcusion
High_Resolution_Melting_Pcr
Data
Limitations
Experimental_Model_And_Subject_Details
Materials
Use_Cases
Results_And_Conclusion

Model_Description
Experiment_Setup

Data_Accessibility
Literature_Review
Intrinsic_Generation-Interval_Distributions
Approach
Summarizing_Reassortment_Networks
Procedure
Data_Availability_Statement
Disclosures
Future_Directions
Statistical_Analyses
Results/Discussion Evaluation_Of_Wgd_Inferences

Methods

Manuscript Model_And_Results
Spatiotemporal_Analysis
Web_Resources
Mass_Spectrometry
Study_2
Datasets The_3D_Brain_Unit
Main_Body
Star_Methods
Funding_Information
ImportanceConclusion_And_Future_Work
Materials_And_Method
OutlookRecommendations
Experiments Application
Animals,_Material_And_Methods
Findings

Supporting_Information
Materials_And_Methods
Data_Availability

Sensitivity_Analysis Discusion
Data_Analysis
Modelling
Competing_Interests
Discussions_And_Conclusion
Information_Sharing_Statement Analyses
Summary
Abbreviations
Data_Description
Model_Development
Discussion_And_Future_Directions
Declarations
Article_Types
Electronic_Supplemental_Materials Concluding_Remarks
Implementation,_Speed_And_Usage
Research_Design_And_Methods
Molecular_Docking
Complex_I,_Iv_And_Citrate_Synthase_Activity_Assays
An_Mcmc_Algorithm_For_Reassortment_Networks
Isolation_Of_An_Asgard_Archaeon

Results

Two_Populations
Materials_&_Methods
Related_Work

Introduction
Main_Text

Contributions

Usage_Notes

Conclusions_And_Discussion
Construction_And_Content
Reassortment_Distance

Theory Design_And_Implementation

Statistics
Recommendation
Experiment_1 Software
Experimental_Study
Description_Of_Sellimonas_Caecigallum_Sw451_Sp._Nov
Results_And_Discussions
Software_Availability
Experiment_E_–_Touches_&_Saccades
Intro Methods_Summary Acknowledgments
Methods_&_Materials
Experimental_Methods
Drone_Surveys

Methods_And_Materials

Results_And_Discussion
Simulation_Study

MethodBackgroundResult_And_Discussions
Availability
Experiment_B_–_Blocked_Control
Model_Specification

Statistical_Analysis

Database_Content_And_Usage
Experiment_2
Mathematical_Model Fungal_Isolates Land_Surveys
Code_Availability
Psychotic_Symptoms
Problem_Definition
Proposal_Of_New_Eukaryogenesis_Model
Methods_And_Data
The_Diversity-Dependent_Diversification_Model
Availability_Of_Data_And_Materials
Supplemental_Information
Multiple_Populations
Evaluation_Metrics
Conclusions_And_Prospects Materials/Methods
Assessing_Sequence_Similarity
Grant_Information
Background_And_Summary Benchmarking
Isolation,_Growth_Conditions_And_Strain_Identification
Availability_And_Future_Directions
Data_&_Code_Availability
Subjects_And_Methods
Experiment_C_–_Background_Flashes_&_Saccades
Supplementary_Information
Perspective
Conclusions_And_Perspectives
Material_And_Method
Conclusions_And_Recommendations
Compliance_With_Ethical_Standards Datasets_And_Data_Availability

Variant_Calling,_Processing,_And_Qc_Analysis_Of_Sv_And_Strs

Material_And_Methods

Data_And_Code_Availability
Generation-Interval_Distributions_Across_Space
Single_Population Ld_Tagging
Supplementary_Materials_And_Methods
Availability_Of_Source_Code_And_Requirements
Lits_And_The_Establishment_Of_Species-Specific_Imprints
Inferring_Generation-Interval_Distributions_From_Contacttracing_Data
Walk-Through_Examples
In-Silico_Definition_Of_The_Drosophila_Melanogaster_Matrisome
A_Note_On_Sampling_A_Fraction_Of_Extant_Species
Accessing_The_Drosophila_Matrisome_And_Utilizing_It_To_Annotate_Large_Datasets
Oocyte_Lits_Predict_Imprinting_In_Primate_Placenta Nucleotide_Sequence_Accession_Number
Muroidea-Specific_Ltrs_And_Maternal_Igdmrs

Experiment_D_–_Strips_Flashes_&_Saccades

Conservation_Of_Ltrs,_Lits_And_Igdmrs_In_Apes_Versus_Old_World_Monkeys
Inter-Clade_But_Not_Intra-Clade_Accessory_Genome_Divergence
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16

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Equilibrium_Between_Arm-Closed_Forms_And_Arm-Open_Forms_Of_10-Based_Pair_Arm_Dna_Segments_In_The_Absence_Of_Histone_H1
Supercoils_Within_Double_Helical_Structures_Of_10-Base_Pair_Arm_Dna_Segments
Physical_Causes_Of_Right-Handed_Alignments_Of_10-Base_Pair_Arm_Dna_Segments_And_Their_Interacting_Patterns_With_Histone_Octamers
Genetic_Predictions_And_Cross-Trait_Predictions_Using_Cvblups
Data_Review_And_Curation_Of_Potentially_Suitable_Studies
Correlations_Between_Magnitudes_Of_Superhelical_Densities_In_Naked_Linker_Dna_Segments_And_Structural_Forms_Of_Polynucleosomes
A_Minimal_Model_For_Allotropism:_The_Growth-Driven_Reorientation_Of_Plants_In_Response_To_Detected_Neighboring_Plants
Transient_Vs._Short-Term_Memory:_Signal_Integration_And_Optimal_Information_Processing
Local_Chromatin_Environment_Reconstructed_From_Simulations_Of_Polymer_Model
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Evidence_For_Parallel_Learning_Processes_In_Multiple_Brain_Regions_That_Receive_Dopaminergic_Teaching_Signals
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Materials_And_Methods;_Supplementary_Figures
Allotropic_Interaction_Between_Two_Organs
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Bioinformatics_Analysis_Of_Whole_Genome_Sequences
Quantification_And_Statistical_Analysis Untargeted_Metabolomics_Points_To_Respiration_As_A_Central_Mechanism
Implications_And_Conclusions
Single_Organ_Dynamics_With_Fixed_Point_Stimulus
Bioactive_Metabolites_Can_Enhance_Immunosuppressive_Capacity_And_Growth
Statistical_Properties_Of_The_Opogenetically_Evoked_Cortical_Activity
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The_Hepatitis_C_Virus_Wait_Model Related_Problems_In_Graph_Theory Data_And_Software_Availability
Pilot_Study_4
Statistical_Methods
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Yeast_Mitotic_Chromosomes_Are_Organised_By_Cohesin-Dependent_Stable_Loops
Machine_Learning_Models_And_Feature_Selection
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List_Of_Abbreviations
Available_Chromatin_Polymer_Packages
Transient_Molecular_Memory_Interpreted_Though_Critical_Epidemic_Spreading
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Experiment_3
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Materials_And_Methods_(Online)
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Discussion_And_Conclusions Author_Contributions
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Initializing_Wait:_An_Elementary_Adapted_S-I-R_Iteration
Experiment_2
Empirical_Data_–_Methods

Results_And_Discussion

Comments,_Conclusions
Models_And_Methods
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Experimental_Setup
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Methods_And_Materials
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Summary
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Conclusions_And_Future_Work
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Materials_&_Methods

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Behavioral_Paradigm
Pilot_Study_3
Abbreviations
Pipeline_Examples
Analysis_Of_Amplified_Samples
Feature_Construction
Server_Interface
Ranking_Tfs_By_Stability_Selection
Data_Availability_Statement
Results_Of_Study_2
Complexity_Analysis
Data_Records

Materials_And_Methods
Behavioral_Analysis

Methods_For_Study_1 Implementation
Data_Analysis
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Validation

Discrete_Models

Experimental_Procedures

Supporting_Information
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Methods
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Methodology

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Experiments_And_Results
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Method_And_Materials
Background_And_Significance

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Introduction
Discussion

Simulation
Interim_Discussion_1
Methods_For_Study_2
Case_Study Result_And_Discussion
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Pilot_Study_1
Dicussion
Related_WorkData_Processing
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Computational_Methods
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Code_Availability
Case_Studies
Sequences_And_Primers
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Experimental_Section
Cell_Division_In_Crowded_Environments
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Datasets
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Model_And_Methods
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Light_Induced_Orientation_Tuning_Of_Cortical_Responses
Numerical_Results
Usage_Notes
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Intrdouction
Asthma_Validation_Study
Conclusions_And_Discussion
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Materials_And_Method
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Emerging_Behaviours
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Authors’_Contributions
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Materials
Discussions
Data_Description Declaration_Of_Interests
Topmed_Wgs
Characterization_And_Targeting_Of_Hvosorg_To_Lysosomal_Membranes
Diffusion_Of_Substances_In_The_Tumor_Microenvironment Conclusion_And_Perspectives Mathematical_Model
Framework:_A_Deep_Convolutional_Neural_Network_Model_Of_The_Visual_System
Conclusion_And_Discussion
Application:_Guiding_Dengue_Vaccination_Policy Design_And_Implementation
Proposed_Parallel_Algorithm
Results_Of_Study_1
Matherial_And_Methods Results_&_Discussions Experimental_Model_And_Subject_Details
Effect_Of_Adding_Nat_Samples_On_ClassifiersComparison_With_Other_Workflow_Management_Systems Projects_R_Package
Code_And_Data_Availability The_Cholera_Wait_Model
Binomialrf:_Identifying_Interactions
Experiment_1_(A,_B,_C)
Two_Efficient_Algorithms
Population_Structure
Conceptual_Framework:_Reproducible_Research_Workflows
Impact_Of_The_Density_Of_The_Mlee_On_The_Induction_Of_Orientation_Tuning
Disease_Specific_Drug-Target_Association_Prediction Findings
Heterogeneity_Of_Light-Induced_Membrane_Protrusions_Along_Cell_Boundaries Software_Availability
Study_Design
Methods_For_Study_3
Curvature_And_Anchoring_Data_Suggest_Significant_Mt_Deflection
Contact_For_Reagent_And_Resource_Sharing
Evidence_For_A_Higher_Learned_Synaptic_Weight_Asymptote_In_Dorso-Lateral_Than_Ventro-Medial_Striatum
A_Unified_Model_For_Center-Surround_Rfs_In_The_Retina_And_Oriented_Rfs_In_V1
Optogenetic_Control_Of_Protrusion_Morphology_On_Micropatterns
How_Parallel_Learning_And_Two_Modeled_Asymmetries_Explain_Delayed_Transitions_To_Habitual_Control
A_First_Passage_Time_Analysis_Of_Two_Simultaneous_Tracked_Loci_Reveals_Chromatin_Dynamics_At_The_250Nm_Scale
Roles_And_Pathways_Of_Histone_H1_In_Formation_Of_Chromatosome_Structures
Colonic_Microbiota_Composition_In_Individuals_With_Cs_Compared_To_Controls

Driver_Genes
Recovering_The_Diffusion_Nature_Using_A_Sparse_Network Modeling
Conclusions/Implications
Supplementary_Materials
Limitations_And_Future_Studies
Model_Exposition_And_Predictions
Research_In_Context
Dicsussions
Conclusion_And_Outlook
Concise_Methods
Implementations
Description_Of_The_Sees_Method
Experimental_Methods_And_Calibration Results_Of_Study_3
Subjects_And_Methods
Author_Contribution_Statement
The_Cellular_Microenvironment_Modulates_Bleb_Formation
Ethical_Considerations

Pro-Inflammatory_Response_Induced_By_Variants

Annex

Material_And_Methods

Msc_Immunosuppressive_Capacity_Enhanced_By_Decoupling_Oxidative_Phosphorylation
Flux_Of_Heavy_Glucose_Shows_Increased_Oxidative_Glycolysis
Hotmusic_Harmony:_The_Artificial_Neural_Networks
Self-Organized_Positioning_At_Criticality_By_Fluctuation_Sensing
Dynamical_Information_Processing_At_Criticality_Using_State-Dependent_Trajectories
Retinal_Representations_Are_A_Function_Of_The_Neural_Resources_Allocated_To_The_Ventral_Visual_Stream㎫ 16 꿔⛣‫و׾׌‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ײסع‬꿔⛣17‫‪䄐‬ס‪ٜ‬عؕذ ‪5.4.2‬‬‫ס׵סא‪ٜ‬عؕذ‪ׂ韢倀‬םעך‪ٜ‬عؕذ‪皹‬עיַחמ ‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة ‪ -‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‬‫‪‬ג׊‪鞪吉‬׵־׾ֵֿ‪䈼‬מ‬‫عؕذמ‪┞薭‬כ׆ַג׊‪؅镸㷋‬־׾ֵֿⵊ‪ַֹֹ㜟‬למ‪ٜ‬عؕذי‪吾婞؅篑‬׷‪吉鞅‬עך׆׆‬‫‪瓦‬סלֿعشج‪ⷃ靣‬ס‪ٜ‬عؕذ‪‬׼־כ׆םֹא‪䟨⽱ֿ賹‬ע‪ꓨ鏿‬׽ֵך‪㝂坎‬ע‪٘٤‬ب٭ؙ‪ٛ‬فס‪ٜ‬‬‫‪‬ג׊‪؅鞪吉‬ײס⮔‪䈼‬ס‪ⷃ靣‬ס✄⪽כ )‪ (Jaccard‬־׾ַי׊‪䍲┞蔹‬‬‫‪‬׌‪獏‬מ ‪篙卸؅㎫ 17,18,19‬‬‫‪⮔䉘‬ס‪㎫ 17 Jaccard ➳俙‬‬‫✄⪽גױ‪ַ (Jaccard ➳俙ֿ 1.0)‬םע‪䈼‬ךت٭آסׂ‪㝂‬עך‪嬟鼛‬סعشج‪ⷃ靣‬כ׾׻מ ‪㎫ 17‬‬‫⫵‪㴻‬׽ױח‪ַ‬ם׿׼‪锶‬עⵊ‪㜟‬ם׀‪㝕‬מ‪ꪨ‬ס ‪⻎坎㎫ 18,19‬כ‪ٜ‬عؕذ‪皹‬׵יַחמ‪䈼‬ס‪ⷃ靣‬ס‬‫ي‪ٝ‬ס׆ע⻔⥰ס‪┞㴻‬ךت٭آؕفت٭آ‪‬לם׾ֵ׵ت٭آ׾׿׈‪巆‬ף׿ֵ׵ت٭آׂחֿ‪雗‬‬‫‪‬גז־ם׀ך‪镸㷋‬עך‪ٜ‬‬‫‪18‬‬

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0.47 ‫׿אע‬؅┪㎇‫ֿ׾‬尴‫י׊‬虘ַ窢䍲‫ַםעך‬‫גױ‬⮿⯁‫ⷃעמ‬靣俙ֿ劄‫׽ֽיַⲯ׵‬姌ַ‫ך‬㸬⪜ꌃ篙韢ꌃֿ⪢✄‫ֿ⻉ⰺ׾״ⷑמ‬㝕‫ַ׀‬‫ַֹכ‬篙卸‫׾ַיזםמ‬

21

‫‪6 縒㴔‬‬‫‪ٛ‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪ٜ韢倀꿔‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔةעך‪㝕瞔‬ס┪‪銨槁‬׼־‪⮔卥‬ס‪♀㎇‬‬‫ֿ‪☭ꪨ‬םֹ׻ַם׊‪㸗ꪎ焒餟؅劔‬ס‪⮔ꓩ‬׽ױח‪‬׾׿⺅ײ‪ֿ鞅‬כ׆ַ׈‪嬟鼛溷㸯‬ע‪䈼‬ך‪ꪨ‬סع‪٤‬‬‫׷‪圸䧯‬ס‪皹‬מ׀כג׿׈‪؅獏‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪ٜ韢倀꿔‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‬‫׼ֻ‪脝‬כַ׊‪곓‬עכ׆׾ׄ⮔‪؅锶‬־‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةֿ׿ל‪‬י׊כ׽־ֿ‪؅䩘‬לם‪俙‬ס‪⹧脝倀桬‬‬‫‪‬׾׿‬‫כ‪嬟鼛‬ס‪⯼䔿‬ס‪吉鞅٬⮂曫‬׵׽ם‪沌‬ם‪⫐㵼溷‬ס‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬גױ‬‫‪꿔‬ס‪⫐㵼‬׵ך⻉‪㖪‬ג׊زشُّر‪ٚ٤‬עך‪䩘岺‬ס‪♀㎇‬׊דג‪‬׾־⮔׵כ׆ַ׈‪㸯‬מ‪潸㸐溷‬י׊‬‫‪꿔⛣䍲‬׵ך‪嬟鼛‬סכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׾׌⛣‪꿔‬גױ‪둚ַ‬כ‪ 0.93 瓦䍲‬ע‪⡑‬ؠ٭مיַֽמ‪⛣䍲⮔䉘‬‬‫׈‪‬׾ֵֿ⻔⥰׾׵‪锶畤‬מ״‪嬟鼛溷꿔⛣䍲؅둚‬ע‪㕈徙‬ס‪♀㎇‬מֹ׻ס׆‪ַ‬םׂם‪ֿ㸴‬ס׵ס ‪1.0‬‬‫־׍؂ס׼׿אעיַֽמ‪ֿ韢倀‬׾׿׼י‪䰌‬׽⮗ֿ‪俙⡑‬׷‪俙䑑‬עך‪꿔⛣䍲砯㴻䩘岺‬ס‪♀㎇‬מ׼‬‫‪‬׾ֵ׵כ׆ח‪䟨⽱؅䭥‬ם׀‪䈼ֿ㝕‬ם‬‫׼ם׾׌‪饗韢‬י׊ⵊ‪ֿⷃ筙‬׾׌‪汦䟨掾ֿ㲽㐂‬ס‪甦չ‬׾׌‪䔿ꃍ‬עמ׽⺅ײ‪鞅‬ס‪篙卸‬־׮ס׆‬‫ֿכ׆ַ׊‪곓‬עכ׆׾׌⯁‪餟‬מ‪ٜ韢倀؅㜽䓺溷‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وעך‪碃㎪‬ג׊‪♀㎇⮔卥‬ף‬‫‪‬גז־⮔‬‫‪‬ע‪ַֹ篙卸‬כַם׿׼‪锶‬ל‪؆‬כ׮ע‪䈼‬ס‪ꪨ‬ס‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‬‫‪‬׾ֵךס׵׾׌‪╭䒟؅佻䭥‬ס ]‪ Carneiro[Carneiro20‬׷ ]‪Klein[Klein19‬‬‫‪ ց‬־ ס ׂ ַ י ז ֿ ֵ ׀ ך מ ֹ ׻ ס ל ע ‪ ٜ 韢 倀‬ػ ٭ ٔ ة ‪ր‬׾ ֵ ך ‪ 沼 ゼ 掾‬ס ⮴ ‪ 䓜‬י ז ‪䕋‬‬‫׷ ]‪ Carneiro[Carneiro20‬מ ׵ כ כ ֹ ‪ ؅ 鉿‬ء ‪ ٤‬ؼ ؕ ُ ع ت ؞ ط ד ‪ ꁎ ؆‬ײ ‪ 鵕‬׽ ׻ ע י ׊ ‪ ꫀ‬מ‬‫‪䈼沌‬ס‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وיֻⲎ‪㸗ꪎ㵵؅‬ס‪⮔ꓩ‬מ‪⻎坎‬כ ]‪Akbaritabar[Akbaritabar21‬‬‫‪‬׾ֵֿ‪䖩锡‬׾׌‪؅嗱阧‬‬‫‪6.1 槳䙫憠‬‬‫׿׈‪ꮹ㴻‬מײס‪气朮㳔笠‬עי׊כ‪⮔ꓩ‬יז‪䕋‬ג׊‪ bioRxiv ؅ꈷ㴻‬מف٭ئع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وע‪♀㎇‬‬‫ס ‪ arXiv‬ס‪朮槏٬䝠㖥笠‬׷‪煝疴脢俙‬ס‪ַֻ⮔ꓩ‬עכ‪嵛溪‬כ׾׌‪嬟鼛‬מ‪♑⮔ꓩ‬ע‪气朮笠‬מ׼׈‪‬׾‬‫♀‪‬יזױ‪潸‬כ‪掾‬ס׆‪ַ‬םַֻעכַ‪둚‬ע‪册⹳椙‬ס ‪ bioRxiv‬סך⫐‪气朮笠⮔ꓩ‬כ׾ֻ‪⯈氠椙؅脝‬‬‫זםמײס‪韢倀‬تجؠؓ‪٤‬و٭؛מ׼׈‪‬ך‪ׂ㸴俙‬ׇכ‪ 7 ⶨ⚂瓦䍲‬ע‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةג׀ך‪㎇鞪吉‬‬‫ؓ‪٤‬و٭؛‪‬ס‪㺽‬ا٭ٗם‪؅❈ֹ嬟鼛溷⩰ꅼ溷‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׵ך╚ס‪气朮笠‬יזֿג׊‪‬׾ַי‬‫‪‬׾ֵך‪汦䟨ֿ䖩锡‬ם⮔ⶥמ‪掾‬׾ַיזםמ‪饗韢‬גז‪ꮹ‬מ‪韢倀‬تجؠ‬‫ַי׀ך‪脝䢩‬ע‪倀茷‬׷‪╚麃‬ס✄⪽‪‬׽ֽי׊‪⭦槏‬מ‪塌唩溷‬סס׵׾ַי׊‪⮔卥‬׵‪┞ꌃ⫐㵼‬גױ‬‫ֵ׵כ׆׾ם‪䟨⽱ֿ⪢ׂ沌‬ף׿؂‪ֿ㜟‬צ╒‪‬׵י׊כגזֵך┞⻎ֿعشجס‪ⷃ靣‬עמ‪ַ槁㵅‬ם‬‫׵מ‪掾‬ג׊ֹ׆‪‬׾ֵ׵כ׆ח‪䟨⽱؅䭥‬םם׀‪ꇙַֿ㝕‬ס‪ַ俙⡑‬־‪箖‬׵ך׋⻎ל‪؆‬כ׮ֿ‪倀皹‬׽‬‫‪‬׾ֵך‪汦䟨ֿ䖩锡‬‬‫זםמ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬׾׌‪饗韢؅锡‬ם‪䡩ꓨ‬׵יַחמ ”‪ “鮐‬ס‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‬‫‪22‬‬

‫םַי׊‪䫋畇‬מ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةמⷃ‪ַ‬ם׼־⮔ע־ֹל־׾ַֻכַ⛼ֿ‪鮐٬❿⡑‬׼־ַםַי‬‫גױגֿ‪㸗ꪎ⮔ꓩ‬ס‪ֿ吉鞅脢‬ג׊‪䫋畇‬׊ַם׿׊׵־׾ֵ׵ס׵ג׿׈‪䱰ꜗ‬ף׿׌‪䫋畇‬ךׄדַ‬‫מ‪獗⚶鞏꾴闋尴煝疴‬מ‪ַ杅‬ם׿׊׵־סםױױסع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و׍׿׈❿‪雄‬מ‪婞䓜‬יַיזם‪沌‬ױ‬‫ם׼‪吉鞅ֿꄼ‬מ׍׿׼״‪ꅋ㖥䙎؅霼‬׷‪偆锺䙎‬ם‪韢倀ֿ璇㳔溷‬ח‪؅䭥‬عؠق‪ؕ٤‬עמ‪獗⚶溷‬יַֽ‬‫כ׾׈؂⻉כ‪䧯卸‬ס־✇מ‪ַֿ俙ⶥ䌑䔿‬םַי׿׈❿‪雄‬ע‪槁枱‬עַ׾ֵ‪‬׾ֹ׽׆‪ֿ鱍‬כ׆ַ‬‫׵ם‪㝂坎‬׵מ‪ַ槏氮‬םַיזםמ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‪ַ‬ם׿׊׵־׾ֵ׵ס׵׌⮂ײ‪❿⡑؅气‬ם׀‪㝕‬‬‫ⷃ‪ֿ‬ג׬‪ꇙַ؅鞪‬ס‪ꪨ‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وעך‪勓畇‬׾׿׼ֻ‪ֿ脝‬ס‬‫י׿׼׬‪鞪‬עךױ־ס׾ַיַⲯמֹ׻סלמ‪勓鮐‬ס‪ֿ煝疴‬׼׿א‪‬יזֵךׄדג׬‪ꇙַ؅鞪‬מ‬‫‪皹‬׷‪ٜ‬عؕذס‪皹‬־ס׾ַיַⲯמ‪ٜ‬؜ؔط‪ٛ‬ؠ‪瓦䍲‬סלמ‪⫐㵼‬ע‪⹧脝倀桬‬ג׿׈Ⲏ‪ַꃯ‬םַ‬‫‪僻‬־סג׊ⵊ‪瓦䍲㜟‬סלע‪❿⡑‬ס‪篙卸煝疴‬סא‪‬־סג׊‪䔔꼸‬מֹ׻סלמ‪⫐㵼‬ע‪㜟剳‬סי‪皑‬‬‫ֿ‪汦䟨‬מ‪掾‬׾ַיזױלכמג׊‪獏‬כ‪ց‬׾ֵ‪瓦䍲‬ס׆‪ꇙַֿ‬ם‪؆‬׆‪ր‬מⷃ‪ַ‬םַי׊עמ־׼‬‫‪‬׾ֵך‪䖩锡‬‬‫״כױ ‪7‬‬‫ַׂיזֵֿ׀ךמֹ׻סלע‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةמ‪杅‬־ס׾׿؂‪鉿‬מֹ׻סלע‪煝疴‬עך‪勓畇‬‬‫׌‪؅嬟鼛‬כ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةג׿׈‪⮂曫‬מ‪ֿ劄箽溷‬׿אכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪‬י׊‪㸐‬מ‪ַֹ沼ゼ‬כ‪‬־ס‬‫‪‬ג׊‪雧鉿‬־ַם׿׼‪焒锶؅䕑‬ךכ׆׾‬‫‪ٜ韢‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وס ‪bioRxiv‬יזֵ׵׿‪嵣‬סלם‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‪٤‬و٭؛ס‪ꁿ䌑‬׍ױ‬‫‪䪫銉‬׾׌‪ꫀ‬מ‪嬟鼛‬ס‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪‬׀ךֿכ׆׾׌⟛‪⪢倀 XML ؅┞㴻ꓪ牞‬ס‪倀‬‬‫‪‬ג׀ך‪嗱隍‬ע‪⺪茣䙎‬ם‪溷‬‬‫מ־׼‪䈼⮔؅僻‬ס‪╋脢‬׼־‪倀剹꿔⛣䍲‬םⷃ‪祔‬׷‪㕈徙‬ם‪㜽䓺溷‬סלם‪ⷃ靣俙‬׷‪♑偙⹧脝倀桬俙‬‬‫وגזםמ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪‬עך‪碃㎪‬ס‪雧鉿‬ס‪♀㎇‬ג׊כֹ׻׊‬‫‪塌唩㳔‬גז־ם׀ךעכ׆׌דַ‪ꇙַ؅锶‬ם‪僻牞‬ך‪ꪨ‬סع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وַםעךֹאכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬‬‫‪‬גז־םׂ‪둚‬כ‪ 47% 瓦䍲‬ע‪⮔꿔窢䍲‬׵יַ‪肪䩘岺؅氠‬‬‫‪ ⩰ 鉿 煝 疴 [Klein19,‬ע ‪ ַ ֹ 篙 卸‬כ ַ ם ע ‪ 䈼‬ם ׀ ‪ 㝕‬מ ‪ ꪨ‬ס ‪ ٜ 韢 倀‬ػ ٭ ٔ ة כ ع ‪ ٛ ٤‬و ‪ ٝ‬و‬‫ך‪⫙槁䙎ֿ牞霼‬׵ך‪枱岞‬ס‪嬟鼛溷劄ꁿ‬ח־‪㝕锺埛‬׽׻‪‬׽ֵך‪焒锶‬׾ַי׿׈‪獏‬׵ך ]‪Carneiro20‬‬‫מ‪㜽䓺溷溷㕈徙‬סׂ‪㝂‬סלם‪詇脢俙‬עי׊כ‪焒锶‬םג‪偆‬ג׊׼ג׵ס‪勓畇‬יֻⲎמ׼׿׆‪‬ג׀‬‫זַכ‪ַ‬םׂ׀‪㝕‬׵ַ‪ꇙ‬סכع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وַםַיזםמ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‪ַ‬׈‪㸯‬ע‪䈼‬׵יַֽ‬‫‪‬׾׿׼ׅ‪掾ֿ䮕‬ג‬‫ֹל׼־‪嫘갧‬סع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪‬־סַׂיזֵֿ׀ךמֹ׻סלע‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬׽׻┪♧‬‫‪䱰ꜗ‬כס׵׾׿׈‪䱰ꜗ‬י׊כ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة‪‬־ס׾םמ‪韢倀‬י׿׈وشٖؓبش‪ٚ‬هֿ‪掾‬גזַ‬‫‪㸗ꪎ㵵‬ס‪⮔ꓩ‬עמ״ג׾״‪嗱隍؅ꅼ‬יַחמ‪掾‬גזַכ‪‬־מםעַ‪ꇙ‬ם‪尴㴻溷‬סס׵ַם׿׈‬‫‪‬ג׿׈‪䖩锡䙎ֿ獏ぃ‬׾׌‪⮔卥‬י׊❈‪뉮‬׵‪瞏‬ء‪٤‬ؼُؕعت؞طם‪둚䍲‬׽׻ך┪גֻⲎ׵‬‫ך‪⻎瞏‬כ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔةעמ‪㜽䓺溷‬י׊כ״׋ע‪⮔ꓪ؅‬עع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪‬עי׊כ‪獏ぃ‬ם‪嵞气溷‬‬‫ח‪锶‬׼־‪㕈徙‬ם‪㜽䓺溷‬סא‪؅‬ס׵םֹא׿׈‪䱰䫘‬מ‪ٜ韢倀‬ػ٭ٔة׼־╚סع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪‬יזֵ‬‫כ׆ַׂי״‪雾‬׀‪؅痒‬ز٭‪ٞ‬وؓס‪勓煝疴‬גױ‪‬׾ֻ⛠ֿכ׆׾ֵךֹא׊‪곓‬עכ׆םֹ׻׾ׄ‬‫‪23‬‬

‫ך‬吉鞅‫סّطتبַֹכ‬䖩锡䙎‫׷‬䟨聋؅侉‫י״‬锶潲‫⺪׾׎‬茣䙎ֵֿ‫׾‬

24

⹆縒乃春

[Abdill19] Abdill, R.J and Blekhman, R.: Meta-Research: Tracking the popularity and outcomes ofall bioRxiv preprints. eLife. Apr 2019. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.45133[Akbaritabar21] Akbaritabar, A, and Stephen, D A Disciplinary View of Changes in Publications’
Reference Lists After Peer Review. arXiv . Feb 2021. arXiv:2102.03110[Carneiro20] Carneiro, C.F.D., Queiroz, V.G.S., Moulin, T.C. et al. Comparing quality of report-

ing between preprints and peer-reviewed articles in the biomedical literature. Research Integrity and Peer Review Vol.5, Article number 16. Dec 2020. https://doi.org/10.1186/
s41073-020-00101-3[Klein19] Klein, M., Broadwell, P., Farb, S.E. et al.Comparing Published Scientific Journal Articles

to Their Pre-Print Versions. International Journal on Digital Libraries Vol.20, pp.335 – 350.
Dec 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00799-018-0234-1[MEXT20] MEXT–NISTEP ‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬鞪吉٬嗱阧‫ّ٭ز‬ ‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬؅‫׾׃״‬ꁿ䌑‫⹳⻔ⳛס‬‫♀צ‬䔿‫ס‬璇㳔䪫銉鉿侓‫ס׫‬獏ぃ. 乃鼧熭㰢泸 熭㰢䤗软٬㰢软㴯閱⚡ 䗯㕔㡦⿦⚡ ‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜゖ갭吾鋀鼧⚡ 瑬 7 ㍑ 鿥䄭鞲乢 魕倣 1-⯁庒, Oct 2020. https://www.mext.go.jp/content/

20201026-mxt_jyohoka01-000010684_2.pdf[㸯叿 20] 㸯叿մ瞏卲մ⾔䑡⚢跥鎑㲳 COVID-19 / SARS-CoV-2 ꫀꅙ‫وס‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬؅氠ַ‫ג‬煝疴ⳛ⻔‫ס‬雧鉿溷⮔卥 NISTEP Discuttion Paper,

No.186, June 2020. http://doi.org/10.15108/dp186[卲 20] 卲⾔䑡, 㸯叿瞏 arXiv ‫מ‬濪潨‫وג׊‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫⮔סع‬卥. NISTEP DISCUSSION PAPER
Vol.187, Aug 2020. https://doi.org/10.15108/dp187[卲 21] 卲⾔䑡, 㸯叿瞏 bioRxiv ‫מ‬濪潨‫وג׊‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫⮔סع‬卥. NISTEP DISCUSSION PAPER
Vol.1XX, Aug 2021. https://doi.org/10.15108/dp1XX25‫‪奂鬳‬ס‪♀ꎰ A 逇䌕榫丗‬‬‫ַ‪鞏꾴ֿ㝂‬עמ׾ַ‪氠‬י׊כ‪䭰埉‬לם׾ם‪雄❿ֿ沌‬ך־׾׌‪阛廠‬ךء‪ِؕ٤‬ذסלע‪錺䑛氠俙‬‬‫‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔةיַחמ‪錺䑛氠俙‬סך‪ַֿ2021 䌑 4 劓勒免掾‬םַי׊‪❈氠‬עך‪勓紬‬״ג‬‫‪‬׾םמ‪坎‬ס ‪㎫ 21‬כ׾׌‪؅嬟鼛‬ع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬وס♑סאַםס‪ٜ䲔鼥‬ػ٭ٔةכع‬‫ ‪Ğ‬‬‫‪一般プレプリント‬‬‫ ‪ジャーナルプレプリント Ğ‬‬‫‪嬟鼛‬ס‪㎫ 21 錺䑛氠俙‬‬‫‪峜潨؅⺇ׄ䑛‬ךכ׆ג׿׈‪䲔鼥‬מ‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‪ַֿ‬׀‪偙ֿ䑛氠俙ֿ㝕‬סع‪ٛ٤‬و‪ٝ‬و‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔة‬‫מ‪槏氮‬גזַכ‪‬־סַ׌׷׿׈‪䲔鼥‬מ‪ٜ‬ػ٭ٔةֿס׵׾ַי׿׈‪ׂ䑛氠‬׻‪‬־ס׾ַי׿׈‪氠‬‬‫‪‬׾ֵך‪┮僻‬עיַח‬‫‪26‬‬

♀ꎰ B 撶丗‫ס‬奂鬳曫俙剳偆㎇俙‫׵‬錺䑛氠俙‫⻎כ‬坎䭰埉‫י׊כ‬氠ַ‫עמ׾‬鞏꾴ֿ㝂ַ‫״ג‬勓紬‫❈עך‬氠‫ַי׊‬‫ַֿם‬2021 䌑 4 劓勒免掾‫סך‬剳偆㎇俙‫ػ٭ٔةיַחמ‬ٜ‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ػ٭ٔةכع‬ٜ䲔鼥‫םס‬ַ‫وס♑סא‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬؅嬟鼛‫כ׾׌‬㎫ 22 ‫ס‬坎‫׾םמ‬

一般プレプリントĞ 

ジャーナルプレプリント Ğ ㎫ 22 曫俙剳偆㎇俙‫ס‬嬟鼛‫ػ٭ٔة‬ٜ‫و‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫ع‬‫وס♑סא‬ٝ‫و‬ٛ٤‫⹶סع‬偙‫ך‬䌐㐬 1.4 ㎇‫כ‬䈼‫ע‬锶‫׍׿׼‬⥰⻔‫┞׵‬蔹‫׾ַי׊‬

27

DISCUSSION PAPER No.200
プレプリントとジャーナル論⽂の差異：bioRxiv を⽤いた試⾏
2021 年 8 ⽉
⽂部科学省 科学技術・学術政策研究所 データ解析政策研究室
⼩柴 等， 林 和弘
〒100-0013 東京都千代⽥区霞が関 3-2-2 中央合同庁舎第 7 号館 東館 16 階
TEL: 03-3581-2393
Differences between preprints and journal articles: a trial using bioRxiv
Aug 2021
KOSHIBA Hitoshi and HAYASHI Kazuhiro
Research-Unit for Data Application
National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP)
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan
https://doi.org/10.15108/dp200

https://www.nistep.go.jp