3RS & WASTE MANAGEMENTIN TOKYO

Waste Management Division
Bureau of the Environment
Tokyo Metropolitan Government

Mr. Motoaki Sakakibara
12th November, 2012

TODAY’S TOPIC
1. CITY PROFILE
2. WASTE/RECYCLING RELATED LAWS
3. DVD
3RS & WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TOKYO1. CITY PROFILE

1. City Profile

TOKYO
Japan
Area: 378 thousand km2
Population: 128 million
No. of Prefecture: 47Tokyo
Area: 2,188 km2
Population: 13 million
No. of City: 624

1. City Profile

TOKYO
Tama area

23‐ward area

Area: 1160 km2
Population: 4,175,997
No. of municipalities: 30

Area: 622 km2Population: 8,846,996
No. of municipalities: 23

TMG Office

5Izu/Ogasawara islands
Area: 406 km2
Population: 27,461
No. of municipalities: 9

1. City Profile
WASTE GENERATION IN TOKYO 76,500t/day
MSW: 13,000t/d
Industrial : 63,500t/d
Municipal
Solid
Waste
17%

Industrial
Waste
83%

6In 2009

1. City Profile

RAPID INCREASE OF POPULATION AND MSW
14,000,000

6,000,000

12,000,000

5,000,000
ごみ量MSW

Population
人口10,000,000

4,000,000

8,000,000

3,000,000●End of WWII

6,000,000

2,000,000

4,000,000

1,000,000(population)

(ton)

2005

2000

1995

1990

198519801975

1970

1965

1960

1955

1950

1945

1940

1935

1930

1925

1920

1915

1910

1905

1900

72010
(Year)

02,000,000

【BIGGEST CHALLENGE】

81. City Profile
LACK OF LAND FOR FDS

8FDS IN TOKYO BAY①1927‐1962②1957‐1966③1965‐1974④1973‐1986⑤1977‐⑥1984‐1991⑦1998‐
9

1. City Profile

1. City Profile

REDUCTION OF FINAL DISPOSAL AMOUNT(MSW)

Unit 1,000ton

4,000
3,500

3,421

3,000
1,500

Unit 1,000ton

2,500

1,208

2,000

1,000

1,500
500

60
Generation

Tama Area
1,160km2
4 million people

10Landfill

1,000
3575000Generation

LandfillCentral Area
622km2
9 million people

MSW IN TOKYO

1. City Profile

13,000T/D

Waste Generation in Tokyo

Municipal
Waste
17%
Industrial Waste
83%

Waste generated by・Households
・Small businesses
Managed and disposed by
11

Municipal Government

1. City Profile

MSW MANAGEMENT• Each municipal government has responsibility
for MSW management• Providing careful services to residents

12

INDUSTRIAL WASTE IN TOKYO

1. City Profile

63,500T/D

Waste Generation in Tokyo

Municipal Waste
17%

Industrial
Waste
83%

Generator has responsibility
for proper disposal

13

Disposed by private sector
licensed by Prefectural Government

INDUSTRIAL WASTE IN TOKYO1. City Profile

ConstructionandDemolition

Water and Sewage Sludge

0%

1420%

40%60%

80%

OthersComposition of Industrial Waste in Tokyo100%

2. WASTE/RECYCLING
RELATED LAWSWASTE/RECYCLING RELATED LAWS
Basic Law for Establishing the Recycling‐Based Society(Stipulating Basic Philosophy for Establishing the Recycling‐Based Society)Law for the Promotion of Effective Utilization ofResources

Waste Disposal and Public Cleansing
Law

Containers and Packaging Recycling Law
Home Appliances Recycling Law
Food Recycling Law
Construction Materials Recycling Law
End‐of‐life Vehicle Recycling Law
16Small Electric devices Recycling Promotion Law(2013.4‐)

2. Laws

5 PRIORITY RANKS
Basic Law for Establishing the Recycling‐Based Society

Generation control
Reuse
Recycling
Heat recovery
Proper disposal

17The hierarchy ranks waste management options according to theirenvironmental benefits. These options should be taken, in this order,
whenever environmentally beneficial and economically viable.

2. Laws

WASTE DISPOSAL AND PUBLIC CLEANSING LAW
Definition of waste in the law
Municipal Solid Waste

Waste

Waste other than industrial
waste (domestic waste, nightsoil, etc.)

Household Waste
Municipal Waste fromBusiness Offices

Industrial Waste
20 items including sludge, waste
plastic, waste oil, debris, etc.

Special Controlled Waste
Some waste items, such as PCB, asbestos, infectious waste,
and explosives, are classified as general or industrial waste
under special control. They are obliged to be kept understrict control.

18

2. Laws

WASTE DISPOSAL AND PUBLIC CLEANSING LAW
Duty of each body stated in the law
Nation level
 Establish basic policies, Formulate waste disposal standards,
 Provide support to prefectures/municipalities, etc.

Prefecture level
 Establish waste management plan, Provide control/guidance for appropriate disposal of industrial waste, Give licenses to industrial waste disposal contractors and approve
construction of waste management facilities,
 Provide support to municipalities, etc.

Municipal level19

 Establish general waste management plan, Treat general waste according to general waste management plan, Give licenses to general waste disposal contractors, etc.

2. Laws
OBLIGATION OF MAKING A MSW DISPOSAL PLAN
In the Waste Disposal and Public Cleansing Law

Prefectural Plan••••

Estimates amount of waste generation/treatment,
Establishes basic policies related to reduction and treatment,
Ensures proper management of general waste,
Improves industrial waste management facilities, etc.

Municipal Plan•••••
20

Estimates amount of waste generation/treatment,
Takes waste control measures,Classifies waste for sorting,Treats waste properly,
Improves waste management facilities,etc.

2. Laws
LAW FORTHE PROMOTION OF EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF RESOURCES
It states the standards of 3R efforts to be made by the producers

Regarding 69 product items and10 types of businesses.

21The law covers approx. 50% of
end‐of‐life products and waste inJapan2. Laws

CONTAINERS AND PACKAGING RECYCLING LAW
DUTY
SourceSeparation

Steel cans, etc. are soldConsumer(Domestic waste)

Municipalities

Recycling facility
Recycling costs

Waste containers andpackaging･ PET bottles･ Steel cans･ Aluminum cans
･ Glass bottles･ Plastic containers and packaging,etc.

Separate DUTY
Collection

bodies >Recycling costs
DUTY

Recycling
22

Japan Containers andPackaging Recycling
Association <DesignatedBusinesses using containers andpackaging user, containers andpackaging producer,
retailer/wholesaler, etc.

HOME APPLIANCES RECYCLING LAW

2. Laws

Payment ofcosts

DUTY

Discharger(Consumer)

Home Appliances
Air conditioner
TV (CRT type)
Refrigerator, Freezer,
Washing machine, Dryer,

RetailerTake-backfromconsumer

Recycling facility

DUTY

Designation/placement

Producer/Importer
・Take-back fromretailers
・Recycling, etc.
DUTY

23

Designated collectionsite

2. Laws

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS RECYCLING LAW
Mixed construction waste
2.93 million tons (4%)
Waste wood fromconstruction anddemolition sites
4.71 million tons
(6%)

Others (Scrap metal, waste
plastic, waste paper)
3.63 million tons (5%)

Construction sludge
7.52 million tons(10%)

NationalConcrete lump
Total
32.15 million tons
77 million (42%)
tons

Order/implementation flow of sorted
demolition/recyclingNote) Penalty with fine is imposed on an ordering party who fails to comply with
notification/change order.

Prior notification

Ordering party

Prefecture governor(Formulation of sorted
demolition plan)Asphalt/concrete lump
26.06 million tons (34%)[Change order]
Commission tomunicipality

Items to be recycled

Contract

Explanation

Written report

Advice/recommendation/order/ report order/
inspection

Contractor
Main contractor(Construction work plan
formulation and explanation
to the ordering party)
Announcement
Subcontractor

24

Contract• Implementation of sorted
demolition and other recyclingwork• Work management byengineering manager

Main contractor(Confirmation ofrecycling completion
and report to orderingparty)2. Laws

FOOD RECYCLING LAW
Production phase(food production)

Animal and plant
residues

Distribution phase(food distribution)

Unsold foodConsumption
phase(restaurants/home)

Food scrap/
Table waste

Cyclical foodresources

Recycling

In the Food Recycling Law, foodwaste that can be effectively usedas fertilizer, feed, etc. is known as
cyclical food resources

Annual generation(10,000 tons)

25

Recycling rate (%)

Food producer
Food wholesaler
Food retailer
Restaurants

493
74263
305

81623522

Food industry total

1,13454

END‐OF‐LIFE VEHICLE RECYCLING LAW

2. Laws

 Vehicle owner (Final owner)
Pay recycling fee; Deliver an end‐of‐life vehicle to thereceiver registered with the municipality
Vehicle owner

Relatedbusinesses Receiver
Receives ELVs from the final owner, and delivers them to fluorocarbon recovery operators ordismantlers.
 Fluorocarbon recovery operator
Recovers fluorocarbons and delivers it to automobile manufacturers or importers.
 Dismantler
Dismantles ELVs, recovers airbags, and delivers them to automobile manufacturers or importers.
Recovers fluorocarbons and delivers them to automobile manufacturers or importers.
 Shredder operator
Shreds dismantled ELVs, and delivers shredder dust to automobile manufacturers or importers.

 Automobile manufacturer/importer
Automobile
manufacturer/ Importer

26

When vehicles they produced or imported arescrapped, they take over shredder dust, airbags, andfluorocarbons generated from the ELVs, and recyclethem.

2. Laws

It’s NEW!

SMALL ELECTRONIC DEVICESRECYCLING PROMOTION LAW
From April 2013
Concept

Background
Limitation of Natural Resources‐Escalating price of resources
Limitation of Environment‐Lack of land for final landfill site
‐Proper management of the environment

Manufacturer

Non mandatory scheme
Provide guideline, set up necessary
procedure for each sector
In order to promote recycling of precious
metals used in small electronic devices

Retailer
DeliveryDischarge
Consumers

collection

Municipality
Box/station/pick up
etc.

27

Municipality
27

Transportation

Depot

Recycling Facirities

Metal Refining

Delivery

Certified business operator
Contract

CyclicUse

3. DVD
3RS & WASTE MANAGEMENTIN TOKYO

Less landfill,More future for next generation

Thank you for your attention !