Vol.62 No.42022（No.446）［Abstracts］

Conﬂicts and Coexistences between International
Human Rights Norms and Islamic Law:
With Reference to the International Covenant
on Civil and Political Rights
KIMURA Mitsuhide＊
The purpose of this paper is to examine the current situation and challenges regarding theconﬂicts and coexistences between international human rights norms and Islamic law throughthe examination of the reports of States Parties on the International Covenant on Civil andPolitical Rights. The Covenant and Islamic law conﬂict not only with the political rights ofnon-Muslims, the status of women, freedom of conscience and belief, and freedom ofexpression and association, but also with the rights to physical freedom, gender and sexuality.
Areas of law in conﬂict include family and personal status law, inheritance law, criminal law,and nationality law. The main justiﬁcation for the incompatibility of Muslim countries with theCovenant is the maintenance of order and social defense of Islamic societies against theintroduction of international human rights norms. The fundamental incompatibility ofuniversalism and Islamic values regarding human rights can also be seen in the conflictbetween humanistic and revealed law, secularism and sacred unity, and universalism andparticularism. The Human Rights Committee and Muslim countries have been creative in theirattempts to coexist international human rights norms and Islamic law through trial and error.
However, challenges still remain, such as dealing with forces that want to block the promotionof international human rights norms and overcoming the conﬂict between legal positivism andlegal pluralism. Skillful resolution of such challenges will pave the way for the future ofinternational human rights law.
＊AAIJ memberPart-time Lecturer, Kansai University（Received May 21, 2022/Accepted July 5, 2022）― 102 ―

The Coming of Era of Economic Security and East Asian Economy

JUNG Jang-Yeon＊
This paper discusses the impact of ʻeconomic security(ES)ʼ, especially ʻeconomic
statecraftʼ on East Asian economy. The social concern with ES has been growing for last
several years in the risks of US-China trade friction and supply chains disruption by
COVID-19 and so on. Therefore, many governments including USA and China have
implemented policies for ES, and also Japanese Government enacted Economic Security
Promotion Bill on 11 May 2022.
East Asian economy known as ʻthe growth center in the world economyʼ has developed ona scale of region East Asia. Above of all Chinaʼs growth was so remarkable. China economy
has taken on a role as ʻworldʼs factoryʼ in the international division of labor in East Asia called
Global Supply Chain(GSC) or Global Value Chain(GVC). The ES (economic statecraft) ofUSA and the allies against China might throw it into disorder.
In this paper, we regard the present time which ES is emphasized as ʻthe coming of era ofeconomic securityʼ, will consider the concept of ES, and analyze some negative impacts of ES
on East Asian economy, on the relation of Japan and South Korea especially. Finally, we will
discuss some problems caused by ES and suggest how to understand the new era.
＊AAIJ member

Professor, Faculty of Economics, Komazawa University― 103 ―