Part

I

Main Activities in FY2007

Part

I

Main Activities in FY2007ba

New Challenges
for JICSc(JAIF). JICS is also delegated by the World
Organization for Animal Health (OIE) tosupport the Project for the Stockpile ofTamiflu and PPE against Potential
Pandemic Influenza. Moreover, in
Mongolia, JICS is engaging in new services, including implementation of the MCA(Millennium Challenge Account) project
which is the new Grant Aid assistance of
the United States.
Thus, JICS is developing much morediverse international cooperation activities under the new frameworks of Japan's
Grant Aid assistance through projects
with international bodies.

New Challenges of JICS
Japan’s New Grant Aid Assistance
Assistance for Reconstruction
and Development

JICS has been working on two new grant
aid schemes since fiscal 2006 as a procurement agent. One is the Grant Aid forCommunity Empowerment (1), which
supports comprehensive capacity building in communities facing threats to theirlives or livelihood, such as poverty,
famine, and epidemics. The other is the
Grant Aid for Disaster Prevention andReconstruction (2), which aims at disasterprevention and restoration and reconstruction after a disaster, and allotted fordeveloping countries which are vulnerable to natural disasters. These are newframeworks that arose from particularexperiences during the Major Earthquake
off the Coast of Sumatra and the Tsunami
in the Indian Ocean, and make use ofJapan's experience and knowledge of the
past.
JICS has carried out diverse activities
involving postwar reconstruction anddevelopment support in Afghanistan andIraq, which began with the September 11,

4

2001 terrorist attack on the United States,
and the demining and reduction of smallarms in Cambodia, a country sufferingfrom the negative legacy brought on by
civil war. These areas of support for postwar reconstruction and forrestoration/reconstruction after natural
disasters have many things in common ––both are for rehabilitation. Such reconstruction aid is deliberately carried out tosupport development of the whole areaby using varied local technologies andcapabilities of local people.
JICS is also working hard to support
international cooperation activities conducted by international organizations
and foreign governments. JICS is delegated by the ASEAN Secretariat to support the Project for the Stockpile ofTamiflu and PPE (Personal Protective
Equipment) against Potential Pandemic
Influenza and to give assistance to thedevelopment of the Mekong Region
using the Japan-ASEAN Integration Fund

(1) Grant Aid forCommunity
Empowerment(2) Grant Aid forDisaster Prevention
and Reconstruction

Major Reconstruction Projects Engaged by JICS
Conflicts/Wars: Iraq Emergency Grant Aid / Afghanistan
Emergency Grant Aid / Cambodia Grant Aid for Conflict
Prevention and Peacebuilding
Natural Disasters: Support for the Sumatra Earthquake
and Tsunami Disaster in the Indian Ocean / Support for
the Pakistan Earthquake Disaster / Assistance for Disaster
Prevention and Reconstruction for the Earthquake inCentral Java

Assistance for International Organizations
ASEAN Secretariat … Project for the Stockpile of Tamiflu
and PPE against Potential Pandemic Influenza / Support forDevelopment in Mekong Region
OIE … Project for the Stockpile of Tamiflu and PPE against
Potential Pandemic Influenza
MCA … Support for Development of Mongolia

Photo a: Sewon Second Healthcare Center right after it
was hit by an earthquake in Central Java.
Medical treatments were conducted at the rightgreen tentb: Children in the area for support in Peru
c: Officers checking the Laos investigation route forsupport of the development in the Mekong Region

1. New Grant Aid
Assistance(1) Grant Aid for Community
Empowerment

Using Local Capabilities
The Grant Aid for Community Empowerment was initiated on the basis of acquiring
lower building costs in reconstructing education facilities by using local businesses,
local specifications and design, as well as on
the experiences granting general support tocorrelating multiple fields such as the
Earthquake off the Coast of Sumatra and theTsunami in the Indian Ocean in 2004. At
present, the aid mainly supports the ongoing construction of classrooms for elementary and junior high schools in Africa andother countries. It is expected that support
will be provided not only for educational
facilities, but also for solving diverse problems that a community is facing, such as
water supply, hygiene, farm development
and other fields.
Under the Grant Aid for Community
Empowerment, a project plan is drawn up
based on JICA's outline design study, andfollowing the plan, necessary funds for executing the project will be provided collectively for the recipient government*. JICS
enters into a procurement agent contract onthese projects on behalf of counterpart governments, selects and procures consultants
and builders needed for the projects, andmanages the whole project's progressincluding payment and fund management
through untied bidding (international competitive bidding), which does not limit toany particular country.
The big features of this Grant Aid cooperation are adoption of design based on local
specifications and the use of local consultants and builders. Thus, it is expected topromote local economy through employment, training capable personnel, andimproving technical levels. The Ministry ofForeign Affairs also aims at a 30% cost
reduction in the Grant Aid for Community
Empowerment in 5 years by fiscal year 2010,
as compared with the expenditures of theschool buildings constructed under the
Grant Aid for General Projects.
With regards to the use of local consultants and builders, various ingenuities andefforts are necessary to secure the appropriate quality and construction period, as wellas ensure a high level of procurement management (project management) capability.

Therefore, under this assistance, the participation of lawyers, public testing organizations, and NGO groups, which exercise softcomponent-type of support, is being
planned in addition to consultants and contractors. Local lawyers can offer legal checks
and advice on the contracts, which JICS
enters into as an agent, to help prevent
problems that the Japanese business culture
may be unable to foresee. Using public testing organizations, JICS is empowered withcarrying out projects with greater transparency as well as aiming to secure quality
work by conducting spot testing at the construction site when necessary.
Under this assistance, so-called “custommade” or flexible support, which takes into
consideration local conditions of the counterpart country, is also required. For these
purposes, JICS creates a “committee” where
delegates from each related bodies, including the Japanese government and counterpart governments, get together to confirm
operation policies and adjust opinions.
Although this new support scheme
involves some difficulties, JICS staff is working hard to meet the large expectations oflocal residents and school authorities.
* Provided funds are actually deposited into an account in
the name of the recipient country first, and then paid to the
procurement account managed by JICS.

For Africa before Everything
Based on the perspective of promoting“human security”, the Japanese government
plans to promote the building of schools in
Africa as the first step to achieve one of theMillennium Development Goals(MDGs)–– the achieving “universal primary education” by 2015. Following this, in fiscal 2006
when the Grant Aid for Community
Empowerment started, the government
determined a plan to construct classrooms

Constructing a school in Senegal

in three countries –– Senegal, Niger andMadagascar –– and set another plan in fiscal
2007 to construct classrooms in Ethiopia,
Benin and Lesotho.

Building 314 Classrooms

SenegalProject for Construction ofClassrooms for Elementary andJunior High Schools
The government of Senegal had set goals toachieve an increase of 50% in junior highschool enrolment by 2007 and 100% primary school enrolment by 2015. For thesetargets, the government has allocated morethan 30% of the national budget to education to build 2,500 classrooms for elementary schools and 500 classrooms for juniorhigh schools annually. However, since executing the plan had met with financial problems, the Japanese government decided toprovide Senegal with the Grant Aid forCommunity Empowerment.
The Grant will be used to construct 314
classrooms, 56 headmaster offices, and 288
toilet buildings for 68 elementary and juniorhigh schools in the five Regions of Kaolack,
Louga, Fatick, Dakar, and Thies in Western

Authorities inspecting a site planned for school construction in Senegal

5

Part

I

Main Activities in FY2007

Senegal, and makes it possible to improve
the learning environment of 16,000 school
children.

dents and school children as a soft component project.

For 12,600 children
Construction and Rebuilding of 79
Elementary Schools

Niger
Project for Construction ofClassrooms for Elementary andJunior High Schools
Niger has a population of 12.1 million with alow GNI (Gross National Income) per capita
of 240 dollars. To improve this situation, theNiger Government has set a target of 70%
school enrollment in the “Ten-year
Education Development Program (20032013).” The rate improved to 52.4% in thenational average in 2004; however, itremained as low as 36.8% in farming villages.
The Regions of Maradi and Zinder in theSouth have a large population after Capital
Niamey, and have a rapid population
increase (3.2% annually); thereby, increasing
the number of children enrolled. However,
because the government faced financial
problems, construction of the necessary
number of classrooms was deterred.
Hence, Japan decided to provide theGrant Aid for Community Empowerment for
Niger. The Grant will be used to construct
and rebuild 284 classrooms of 79 elementary
schools, construct toilet buildings, and provide school supplies; thus, improvement of
the learning environment of 26,600 school
children is expected. Under this project,
NGOs, which can work on this site, will beselected to provide sustainable repairs andmaintenance for the constructed school
facilities, and provide hygiene education,
especially on the use of toilets for local resi-

Madagascar
The Regions of Antsiranana andToliara Project for Construction ofClassrooms for Elementary Schools
Madagascar is located on the Indian Oceanin southeastern Africa, with a population of
18 million and a low GNI per capita of 290
dollars. The Government of Madagascar has
set a target of 100% completion rate of students in primary school by 2015 and provides free primary education; and yet the
number of classrooms is far from enough.
To achieve the target, 2,000 classrooms need
to be constructed every year. However, likeother African countries, construction cannot
catch up with the proposed classroom number due to the government's financial difficulties. In order to construct classrooms,
procure furniture, and provide water supply
and sanitary facilities in the Antsiranana
Region of in the North and the Toliara
Region in the Southwest, endowment of theGrant Aid for Community Empowerment
was signed by the Japanese and Madagascar
Governments on March 5, 2007.
The Grant will be used to construct andrebuild 200 classrooms of
64 elementary schools, andis expected to improve thelearning environment of
12,600 school children.

The area for support in Lesotho

Empowerment will be used to construct 30
educational facilities in Bolivia and 27 in
Nicaragua in South America, as well as provide school supplies. In Asia, in Ca Mau
Province in Southern Vietnam, improvementof livelihood of the whole community affected by a forest fire is underway, the firstmulti-component project which combinesforest improvement and the construction ofwaterways, roads, medical institutions, andschools. Also, in Bhutan, construction offacilities and provisions of desks, chairs andblackboards for four junior high schools are
set to be implemented.
The Grant Aid for Community
Empowerment is expected to expand mainly in Africa and other developing areas.

Aid for Latin Americaand Asia
Besides Africa, the Grant Aid
for Community

SenegalProject for Construction ofClassrooms for Elementary
and Junior High Schools

Benin
Project for Construction of Classrooms
for Elementary Schools (phase IV)

Niger
Project for Construction of Classrooms for Elementary Schools in
the Regions of Maradi and Zinder

Ethiopia
Project for Construction of Classrooms for Primary
Schools in Oromia Region

LesothoProject for Construction of Classrooms for Junior High Schools

Madagascar
Children in an area in Niger eligible for support

6

The Regions of Antsiranana and Toliara
Project for Construction of Classrooms for Elementary Schools

(2) Grant Aid for Disaster
Prevention and Reconstruction

Using Diverse Experiences in
Reconstruction Assistance
The Grant Aid for Disaster Prevention andReconstruction also began in FY2006. The
Grant aims at realizing seamless support,
from emergency relief which will be provided
right after a big disaster, like an earthquake or
hurricane, to the provision of full-scale rehabilitation and reconstruction aid. Including
rehabilitation and reconstruction aid for the
Major Earthquake off the Coast of Sumatra
and the Tsunami in the Indian Ocean, it isexpected that the know-how, experiences,and technologies that Japan has cultivatedfor many years in the field of disaster and disaster prevention will be utilized.
In the Aid for the Major Earthquake off the
Coast of Sumatra and the Tsunami in the
Indian Ocean, adopting the method of NonProject Grant Aid has made rapid project
implementation and flexible deadlines of
construction to be possible. As a result,seamless assistance was realized by providing emergency relief right after the disaster,followed by a full-scale rehabilitation andreconstruction aid, which was necessary forthe changing needs of the affected areas. In
addition, provision of facilities by using available local builders, equipment, and materials
following local specifications, was implemented. Based on the experience, a new
grant aid scheme, the “Grant Aid for Disaster
Prevention and Reconstruction” was initiatedto provide goods and services needed inreconstruction sites and to manage suchoperations comprehensively (procurement
management).
In the Grant Aid for Disaster Prevention
and Reconstruction, the results of JICA's outline design study has to be followed, whereby an operation program which involves
multiple components is drawn up for rehabilitation and reconstruction, and necessary
funds will then be collectively provided forthe affected government*. JICS serves as aprocurement agent, managing the funds onbehalf of the counterpart government, as
well as managing the project's whole
progress, including procurement of equipment, materials and human resources needed in the project.
Under this grant aid scheme, builders are
selected through untied bidding (international competitive bidding), wherein choices
are not limited to any particular country,
thus resulting in cost reduction and efficientassistance. In line with the purpose ofreconstruction aid, several assistance programs may sometimes be carried out simultaneously, according to the needs of theaffected areas. Therefore it is very important
to confirm operation policies and adjust
approaches among the concerned bodies,including both the Japanese and counterpart governments. For this purpose, JICS
holds a plenary “committee” where the concerned parties get together to confirm policies. Such assembly is indispensable andplays an extremely important role in theimplementation of timely and accessible aid.
Through the Grant Aid for Disaster
Prevention and Reconstruction, the “Projectfor Support for Reconstruction Efforts after
the Hurricane Stan Disaster” for Guatemala
and the “Project for the Reconstruction of
the Area Affected by the Earthquake in
Yogyakarta and Central Java” for Indonesia
were carried out in FY2006. In FY2007, thenew “Project for the Reconstruction of the
Area Affected by the Earthquake in the
Region of Ica” following the earthquake disaster in Peru was undertaken.
* Provided funds are actually deposited into an account in
the name of the recipient country first, and then paid to the
procurement account managed by JICS.

Reconstruction of Bridges,
Waterways and Irrigation Systems

Guatemala
Project for Support for Reconstruction
Efforts after the Hurricane Stan
Disaster
Guatemala was hit hard by major hurricane“Stan” in October 2005, whence torrential
rains were experienced as a result of the hurricane. Flooding caused by overflowing ofrivers and landslides killed 670 people, with
the number of casualties rising up to 494,000
people altogether. Reports of total damage
caused by the disaster amounted to about
970 million dollars, which was about 3.4% of
the GDP of Guatemala in 2004. In responseto this disaster, the Government of Japan
immediately extended emergency aid to
Guatemala, and on August 10, 2006 decided
to provide a Grant Aid for Disaster Prevention
and Reconstruction to reconstruct bridges,
water supply and irrigation facilities. JICS
worked as the procurement agency for theseprojects.
As far as reconstruction of water supply
facilities in Quetzaltenango City was concerned, JICS worked as the procurement
agency for services, materials and equipment
required for the project, and also worked forthe resources and progress management of

Inauguration of the Aldea Las Barancas Bridge

the project. The city of Quetzaltenango,
located 200 km west of the capital city of
Guatemala City, is the second most populous
city in Guatemala, with a population of some
130,000. The water supply that is the life lineof half of the population, i.e. 65,000 people,
was damaged due to the disaster. This aid
program helped to reconstruct the damaged
water supply facilities to ensure a water
source to the population of Quetzaltenango.
JICS received a massage from the Mayor of
the city, stating “Each and every citizen ofQuetzaltenango is grateful for the generous
aid of the government and people of Japan.”The reconstruction of the Aldea Las
Barancas Bridge and Sobre Rio Cabuz Bridgein San Marcos Province in the western part ofGuatemala was completed in October 2007,
and both bridges were opened to traffic on
October 11 and 12 respectively. The deputy
mayor of San Marcos City, JICS officials, andnumerous residents were present at the
opening ceremony to celebrate the completion of the Barancas Bridge. The deputy
mayor expressed words of gratitude towards
Japan, and the bridge was decorated withJapanese flags of various sizes prepared by
the residents along with the Guatemalan
flags. The opening ceremony for the Cabuz
Bridge was held the next day, and feelings ofgratitude towards Japan for providing aid
were also expressed in a message from themayor of the city and a commemorative gift
for JICS was presented during the ceremony.
Promptness in the completion of thereconstruction work before the next rain andtyphoon season was of paramount importance for the Guatemalan government, andthus was their major demand. Initially, an outline design study was conducted by JICA, but
the plan had to be altered due to various reasons, such as change in natural conditions
and occurrence of new disasters. Despite
such difficulties, close cooperation among
representatives of both countries resulted in
the smooth operation of the plan.

7

Part

I

Main Activities in FY2007

Reconstructed Pleret No. 2 Junior High School

Health Centers and Schools

Indonesia
Project for the Reconstruction of the
Area Affected by the Earthquake in
Yogyakarta and Central JavaOn May 27, 2006 an earthquake of magnitude 6.2 struck off the shores of Central Javain Indonesia. The number of dead due to theearthquake rose up to 5,800, and the Bantul
Regency of Yogyakarta Special Region wasreported to be the hardest hit. As a responseto this disaster, the Government of Japan
provided aid in various forms, such as dispatch of a Japan Disaster Relief Team andmaterials as extension of the Emergency
Grant Aid, etc.
Based on the contract with theGovernment of Indonesia, JICS worked as the
procurement agency in extending theEmergency Grant Aid and the Grant Aid forDisaster Prevention and Reconstruction for
Bantul Regency.
JICS was prompt in procuring and distributing large-size tents, small-size tents forhouseholds, blankets, etc., and also monitored distribution of materials and culmination of activities carried out by third parties
thereafter.
JICS was able to complete reconstructionof two elementary schools, seven junior highschools and five health centers, as part of theGrant Aid for Disaster Prevention andReconstruction, in a period of time shorter
than initially planned. At present, these insti-

The new Sewon No. 2 Health Center

8

tutions are used to the fullest extent by thestudents and the residents of the region, andto show their feeling of gratitude towards
Japan, the residents wish for continued longterm use of these centers. Also, JICS was able
to enter into a new contract with the bidders
at a price lower than that stated in the initialplan and was able to restore one more
school that was damaged in the disaster.
As for support for central Java, immediately after the provision of the emergency aid,
JICS started reconstruction of schools andhealth centers through the Grant Aid forDisaster Prevention and Reconstruction, andthe transition was seamless. The JICS staff incharge of the operation included personnel
who were engaged in reconstruction assistance for Afghanistan and disaster assistancein the Indian Ocean tsunami; such experiences were very useful in this operation.

For Children's Smiling Faces

Peru
Project for the Reconstruction of the
Area Affected by the Earthquake in
the Region of Ica

An elementary school immediately after the disaster.
The building was thoroughly destroyed.

Water tank with visible cracks. As there is danger of thetower collapsing, a new water tower will be constructedin a new site.

five elementary schools and a water tower
would be reconstructed. At present, most of
the children are accommodated in prefabricated temporary classrooms, as their schools
have been damaged in the earthquake. The
children are eager to attend school in the
new school buildings, and the principals of
the schools, with much hope, expressed their
gratitude towards Japan for extending aid forthe reconstruction of the schools.

On August 15, 2007, a magnitude 8.0 earthquake struck the Pacific coastal Departmentof Ica in Peru, killing more than 500 people
and causing a great deal of damage to theregion. In response to the disaster, theGovernment of Japan
extended the Emergency
Grant Aid in the form ofmaterials such as tents,
Ecuadorblankets, and mats.
Furthermore, on March 17,
2008, the Government ofJapan decided to provide
the Grant Aid for Disaster
Prevention andReconstruction.
Accordingly, JICS signed a
procurement agent contract with Peru on April 18,
2008. As a procurement
Peru
management agency, JICS
is carrying out procurement of services andmaterials along with manLima (Capital)
agement of funds necesCanete
Chinchasary for the implementaPisco Umaition of the project.
Ica
The intended recipientsof the aid are theProvinces of Chincha,
Pisco, and Ica in the Ica
Department, south of thecapital city of Lima, where

Colombia

BrazilBolivia2. Collaboration with
International Agencies
Fighting Avian Flu
Pandemic of infection
In recent years, the highly pathogenic avian
flu virus (H5N1) that infects poultry, such as
chickens, has posed a global threat. By April
2008, an outbreak of avian flu was confirmed
in 61 countries and regions, and since 2003,
human infection of the avian flu was confirmed in 15 countries and regions. Three
hundred eighty-three (383) people were
infected by the virus, out of which 241 died
due to the illness, thus increasing the fatality
rate to 63% (May 28, 2008 WHO). At present,
it is evident from the confirmed cases thatthe infection spread to human beings fromfowls, but there is potential danger of sudden mutations occurring in the avian flu
virus and forming a new virus that canspread via human-to-human infection.
Especially in the ASEAN region in Asia,
where most of the cases have been of birdto-human infection, there is a high possibility of human-to-human infection due to amutation in the virus.

towards establishing a Japan-ASEAN
Integration Fund (JAIF) within the secretariatof the ASEAN, which works towards the integration of the ASEAN members, and a partof JAIF is being provided as avian flu assistance package. In this project, JICS is working as a procurement management agency
for the secretariat of the ASEAN and is
involved in managing the stockpiles ofmaterials necessary for the prompt containment of the avian flu and the implementation of 24-hour round-the-clock emergency
transfer, in case such infection is detected inany of the countries or regions. Singapore is
the stockpile-base, and has stockpiles ofTamiflu that can treat 500,000 people andmaterials such as protective suits, disinfectants, and masks that can be used by
700,000 people. There are plans for the
additional procurement of materials as andwhen the need arises.
This project involves a variety of organizations, including the ASEAN Secretariat, theMinistry of Foreign Affairs, the Embassy ofJapan in Indonesia, the Western PacificRegional Office of WHO (WHO/WPRO), theMinistry of Health of Singapore, and drug
manufacturers. Moreover, as there is needfor emergency arrangements for customs
clearance of material stockpiles among all
members of the ASEAN, JICS is maintaining
close contact not only with the ASEAN
Secretariat, but also with each of the member countries.

highly complicated in nature as it involves
coordination among a number of agencies
and different countries. However, JICS, with
its accumulated experiences, is able tosmoothly work out the logistics involving
consistency in procurement, stockpile andtransportation management, and is highly
appreciated for it.

Cooperation with OIE
Similarly, as far as avian flu is concerned, tohelp facilitate prompt judgment as towhether there is an occurrence of avian flu
infection among its poultries, the World
Organization for Animal Health (OIE:
Headquarters in Paris) has entrusted JICS
with the procurement of testing and analyzing equipment, such as mobile laboratories
for the research institutes in eight countries,
including Thailand, Cambodia etc.; and withan upgrade of a research institute in
Thailand. It is pointed out that the threat ofa mutation of the avian flu virus, causing
human-to-human transmission, is heightening day by day. With such a situation, JICS
thus plays an important role in combating
the avian flu in Asia.

Cambodia, Laos, andVietnamDevelopment Aid for the Mekong Region

Simulation Exercise
Prompt Containment
Prompt containment is extremely essential
at the initial stage to prevent a pandemic of
the avian flu. As a measure of realizing
prompt containment in cases of confirmed
evidences of human-to-human infection in
the ASEAN region, the Government of Japan
has made a contribution (70 million dollars)

Stockpile warehouse in Singapore

A tabletop exercise (simulation) in containing an influenza pandemic outbreak took
place in April 2007. The exercise assumed an
outbreak of a new type of avian flu in
Cambodia, wherein the secretariat of theASEAN decided on an emergency shipmentof materials as advised by WHO/WPRO.
Upon receiving instructions from the secretariat of the ASEAN,JICS carried out a simulation of the actual
flow of transportationand verified whether
the decision-making
and liaison among theconcerned agencies
were prompt andeffective.
On February 7 and
8, 2008, the concerned agencies thatare to counteract theavian flu crisis met atthe JICS headquarters
for a forum toexchange information. This project isDevelopment Triangle
A summit meeting of the Heads of State of
Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam was held in
November 2004, and it was decided thatthey would cooperate in developing theborder regions of the three nations, which
they called the “Development Triangle.”
This region is a forest area and, until now, ishome to many minority tribes. The region is
not well connected to the major cities of
their respective countries, and has inadequate social and economic infrastructures.
The Government of Japan has attachedgreat importance to providing aid to the
Mekong Region, among the areas of theASEAN nations, and has been extending
assistance in various forms centered on
ODA. The Government of Japan announced
its willingness to cooperate in the development of the “Development Triangle' anddecided to provide assistance amounting to
20 million dollars out of the Japan ASEANIntegration Fund (JAIF). Taking the initial letters from the names of the three countries-Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam––the assistance package is entitled the “Japan-CLV
Cooperation.”

9

Part

I

Main Activities in FY2007

Hanoi

Vietnam

Laos
Vientiane

Cambodia
Phnom Penh

Challenges for JICS
A four-nation working-level meeting washeld between Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, andJapan in June 2007, where development
assistance for the “Development Triangle”
through the JAIF funds was discussed. The
three countries presented a proposal of afeasibility study (F/S) for a project to improve(and partially construct new roads) theentire length of the 570 km highway network that will require 1.5 million dollars(approximately 170 million yen) in funding.
This project is of the utmost priority, according to the three countries. In the JapanMekong Foreign Ministers' Meeting, held inJanuary 2008, the Foreign Ministers of thefour nations approved the execution of the
F/S and the implementation and management of the project by JICS. Following this,in March 2008, a procurement management
contract was signed with the ASEAN
Secretariat, and the work now is being carried out.
In the past, JICS has been involved in the
procurement management of many aid
projects in these three countries. Taking
advantage of past experiences, JICS is readyto take on new challenges.

Road close to the national borders of Vietnam andCambodia, which is difficult for traffic

10

February 2008 as
the procurement
agent team for“MCA Mongolia,”
formulated by
the Mongolian
Government as
the main implementation body.
Thus, work on
the project has
started.
A major part of
the work consists
Measuring the width of the road from the border of Laos to Cambodia.
of support for
The road is inaccessible to vehicle.
procurement
procedures for services and materials procured by MCA Mongolia. In concrete terms,
the support involves making bid announcements, preparing bidding documents, andhandling of bid evaluations, contract documents, etc. The first bid was announced onJune 9, 2008, which marked the actual startof procurement work.
JICS, with its rich experience of working in
Joint Acceptance of MCA
Mongolia in various projects such as NonProject Grant Aid, Food Aid, Grant Assistancefor Underprivileged Farmers, etc., aims for asmooth run of the project.

US Aid in Mongolia

What is MCA?

In January 2008, JICS accepted responsibility
as the procurement agency for MCA
Mongolia, together with the Crown Agents(CA), a procurement agency of the United
Kingdom.
MCA is the framework of a new type of
grant aid, started by the United States, called
the “Millennium Challenge Account”. The
aid, presented by the US, will be awarded todeveloping countries that meet the criteria
in three categories - “Governing Justly,”“Investing in People (health, education),”and “Promoting Economic Freedom”--inclusive of 16 indicators. The aid program is of alarge-scale measure aimed at poverty eradication.

In Mongolia
On October 22, 2007, a Compact (basic aid
document between the US Government and
the Government of Mongolia) worth nearly
285 million dollars was signed with theGovernment of Mongolia as the MCA for
Mongolia. The aid package is valid for 5
years starting from January 2008. The
Compact is designed to contribute to poverty reduction and sustainable economic
growth through the following four projects:
1) Railroad Upgrading, 2) Property Rights
Reform, 3) Vocational Education, and 4)
Health Services.
After the signing of the Compact, JICS set
up a project office in Ulaanbaatar in

Members of the MCA Mongolia procurement agent

Work flow of the MCA Mongolia project
Compact is signed between the US
Government and Mongolian Government.

Mongolia sets up MCA Mongolia.

MCA Mongolia selects the financial agency,
the procurement agency and the external
auditing agency through open recruitment.

The procurement agency selects theconsultants, suppliers, etc. for each projectthrough open recruitment and bids.

The Role of JICS in ODA
Japan provides official development assistance (ODA) as an important national policy
in response to the expectations of the international community.
JICS plays an important role in implementing ODA through various supporting
operations, mainly grant aid projects, technical cooperation projects and yen loan projects. Since its establishment in 1989, JICS, asa fair and impartial procurement agency, hasbuilt on its experience in equipment procurement to provide services appropriate forconditions in developing countries and that
truly meet their needs. JICS will continue tocontribute to promoting a high standard ofinternational cooperation by providing timely support for appropriate and effective
implementation of assistance. The information below describes the main projects inwhich JICS is involved.

Grant Aid
Grant aid is a form of assistance whereby
funds are provided to a developing country
without repayment obligation, for a specific,
agreed-upon purpose. JICS is involved in thetypes of grant aid described below.

Grant Aid for Infectious Diseases
Prevention and Treatment
Grant aid for infectious diseases prevention
and treatment provides aid for vaccinationand procurement of therapeutic drugs tocontrol various infectious diseases such aspolio, tuberculosis, malaria and AIDS andothers that threaten lives in developing
countries.
JICS has been delegated by JICA since1997 to carry out studies in Japan and onsite concerning equipment needed in thefield of infectious diseases control. Following
these studies, JICS carries out procurement
management based on contracts with thedeveloping countries' governments.
Since infectious diseases control must be
put into action without delay and the validity periods of vaccines and drugs are also limited, project management always demands
swiftness and accuracy.

Grant Assistance for Underprivileged
Farmers (2KR, formerly known as Grant
Aid for Increase of Food Production)
Grant Assistance for Underprivileged
Farmers (2KR) is aid provided for purchasing
agricultural equipment such as machineryand fertilizer to help increase production offood crops (rice, wheat, maize, etc.) in developing countries where there are food shortages. This grant aid, begun in 1977, is implemented yearly in Asia, Africa, Latin America,
Eastern Europe, CIS countries, and others.

Japan’s ODA and the Role of JICS
Areas handled by JICS

Study of projects, etc.
Grant Aid

Bilateral Grants
Official Development
Assistance (ODA)

Bilateral Loans
Subscriptions andContributions toInternational Organizations

Technical
Cooperation
Loan Aid

Procurement management service*
Follow-up
Compilation of equipment technical specifications,procurement and transportation of equipment, etc.
Examination of documents, etc.

* Through contracts with the developing country’s government, JICS manages and supervises the overall tendering process for procuring
equipment and services in connection with grant aid. In some cases, JICS supports the developing country’s government, which
implements projects, while in others it acts as the developing country’s agent, handling all duties, from managing grant aid funds
provided to making contracts with equipment suppliers. The latter system is referred to as the procurement agent system and is used for
KR, 2KR, non-project grant aid, emergency grant aid, grant aid for conflict prevention and peacebuilding, grant aid for community
empowerment, and grant aid for disaster prevention and reconstruction.

Grant aid for increase of food production(2KR) has been changed since FY2005 togrant assistance for underprivileged farmers(2KR) in order to show that Japan will provide more effective support to developing
countries in their self-help efforts for achieving food self-sufficiency. By clarifying thataid recipients are poor, small-scale farmers,
Japan will strengthen its efforts to support
increase of food production in those countries.
Since its founding in 1989, JICS has beendelegated by JICA to carry out studies concerning this grant aid in Japan and on site.
Since FY1997, JICS, in accordance with
contracts with developing countries' governments, has been serving as a procurement management agent contributing tofair and rapid procurement of agriculturalequipment. It also acts as the secretariat forintergovernmental committees following up
on how the equipment procured was distributed and monitoring accumulation ofcounterpart funds (Note). Additionally, since
FY2004, JICS has been carrying out management of funds.
Note: Developing countries’ governments set aside local
currency funds equivalent to a certain amount of thevalue of equipment procured by grant aid. These funds
are then used for local economic and social development
projects after consultation with the Japanese government.

Food Aid (KR)This grant aid is provided to developing
countries with food shortages for the purpose of buying rice, wheat, maize or othergrains. Based on the food aid rules of theInternational Grain Agreement, which cameinto effect as part of the Kennedy Round (KR)at GATT in 1967, food aid began in 1968 andis referred to as “KR” because it came out of
the Kennedy Round.
Since FY2001, JICS, in accordance with
contracts with developing countries' governments, has been serving as a procurement management agent helping ensure

the fair and rapid procurement of food. It
has also been acting as the secretariat forintergovernmental committees following up
on how the food procured was distributedand monitoring accumulation of counterpart funds. Additionally, since FY2007, JICS
has been carrying out management offunds.

Cultural Grant Aid
Cultural grant aid provides funds for purchasing, transporting and installing various
types of equipment used for cultural andeducational activities, with the aim of promoting mutual understanding and friendship between Japan and developing countries through support for the developmentof culture and education.
Delegated by the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs of Japan, in FY1993 JICS began carrying out preliminary studies both in Japanand on site concerning equipment requested for this grant aid. Since FY1995, in accordance with contracts with developing countries’ governments, JICS has assisted withtendering (public notice, implementationand evaluation of the tendering process) for
equipment procurement. Additionally, since
FY2000, JICS has been carrying out followup activities by procuring repair parts anddispatching technical experts to ensure thatthe equipment procured is used continuously and effectively.
Since FY2004, JICS has been analyzing
project applications for general cultural
grant aid and grassroots cultural grant aid.
The main types of equipment procured bythis grant aid include sound and lighting
equipment for theaters, sports equipment,
equipment for excavating and preserving
archaeological sites, musical instruments,
equipment for producing cultural and educational programs, materials related toJapanese language education, and others.

Grant Aid for ResearchThis grant aid supports research activities

11

Part

I

Main Activities in FY2007

Areas Handled by JICS in the Case of Grant Aid Projects
Grant aid for general projects

Grant assistance forunderprivileged farmers(grant aid for infectious diseases prevention and treatment)(2KR, former grant aid forincrease of food production)

Food aid (KR)

Cultural grant aid

Requests for aid from developing countries

Request,confirmation

Project formulation study
Study of new
proposals

Master plan study
Feasibility study

Selection of projects

Preliminary
screening

Preliminary screening

Instruction to
implement service

Preliminary screening

Decision to implement study

Decision to
implement study
Support for study onsmall-scale equipment

Project formation Preparatory study

Study

Preliminary study

Basic design study

Project final
evaluation andapproval

Final screening by Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Cabinet decision

Agreement between governments

Project
implementation

Expediting project
implementation

Procurement
management service

Procurement
management service

Procurement
management service(procurement agent system)(procurement agent system)

Completion

Completion

Operation

Start ofprovision

Evaluation,
follow-up

PostFollow-up
project
study support
evaluation

Post-projectmonitoring study

Confirmation study ofconditions forequipment provided

Temporary measuresfor equipment andfacilities provided

into various problems affecting developing
countries, and supports research and development and commercialization of new technologies for products intended for developing countries.
Since FY2001, in accordance with contracts with the governments of developing
countries, JICS has been managing grant aid
provided for research and development

12

Tendering assistance service

Dispatch ofrevitalization experts

Equipment usage begins

Advisory services inconnection with the Committee

Advisory services inconnection with the Committee

Completion

Completion

activities, and offering coordination and support to ensure that activities among
researchers and manufacturers in Japan anddeveloping countries are carried out
smoothly.

Non-Project Grant Aid
Non-project aid is grant aid intended to provide rapid support to developing countries

Follow-up

with economic difficulties such as growing
accumulated debt or a rising internationalbalance of payments deficit, as part of assistance to improve the country's economic
structure. Since this aid is not earmarked forspecific projects when a decision is made toprovide it, it is called non-project grant aid.
Since FY1993, JICS, in accordance with
contracts with developing countries' gov-

Handled by JICS

Grant aid for research

Non-project grant aid

Emergency grant aid

Grant aid for conflict
prevention andpeacebuilding

Screening by Ministryof Foreign Affairs

Grant aid for disasterprevention andreconstruction(program-type assistance)

Preliminary screening

Preparatory study

Grant aid for community
empowerment(program-type assistance)

Preliminary screening

Preparatory study
Outline design study

Outline design study

Screening by Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Procurement
management service
Procurement
management service
Completion

Decision by Ministry ofForeign Affairs

Cabinet decision

Exchange of a noteverbaleAgreement between governments(procurement agent system)

Procurement
management service

Project management
service

Procurement
management service

Procurement
management service

Monitoring ofcounterpart funds(procurement agent system)(procurement agent system)(procurement agent system)(procurement agent system)

Completion

Completion

Completion

Completion

Completion

ernments, has been helping procure thenecessary equipment, such as raw materials(petroleum products, steel products, paper
products, etc.) needed to improve the country's economic structure, machinery (vehicles, construction machinery, etc.) requiredfor public works projects and others, as wellas managing the funds provided for this purpose.

Emergency Grant Aid
Emergency grant aid is provided for emergency assistance in the following threeareas:(1) Emergency disaster assistance
Support for rehabilitation after natural disasters or man-made disasters such as civil war.
(2) Support for democratization
Support for establishing democracy after thecollapse of undemocratic regimes or in theaftermath of long-running civil conflict.
(3) Assistance for reconstruction and development
Support for smooth implementation of therehabilitation and reconstruction process incountries and areas involved in conflicts. It is
bridge support implemented in the period
between emergency and humanitarian sup-

13

Part

I

Main Activities in FY2007

port for refugees and affected people before
the restoration of peace, and development
assistance after a certain period after peace
has been restored.
Since FY1997, in accordance with contracts with the governments of developing
countries, JICS manages procurement offood, medical equipment, drugs, vehicles(water tank trucks, ambulances, etc.), construction equipment and so on, and also
manages the funds provided. Depending on
circumstances, JICS also carries out its own
monitoring of how the equipment is being
used after procurement.

hunger and disease. This grant aid is expected to reduce costs and make communities
more competitive by using local businesses,
equipment and materials adopting local
specifications and design, allowing flexible
response to various situations according tolocal conditions. On the other hand, a highlevel of procurement management capabilities is necessary since close attention isrequired to ensure quality. Since FY2006,
JICS, in accordance with contracts with
developing countries' governments, hasbeen conducting procurement management including fund management.

Grant Aid for Conflict Prevention andPeacebuilding

Technical Cooperation

Grant aid for conflict prevention and peacebuilding is intended for assisting social reintegration of former soldiers, helping recoversmall arms, and promoting ethnic reconciliation in developing countries. It provides
funds for procuring the necessary equipment
and services for conflict prevention andpeacebuilding programs in developing
countries. This grant aid has been provided
since FY2002 as part of non-project grant aid.
Since FY2002, in accordance with contracts with developing countries’ governments, JICS has been serving as a procurement management agent, managing funds
and overseeing and supporting activities
appropriate to various program formats.

Grant Aid for Disaster Prevention andReconstruction
Grant aid for disaster prevention and reconstruction is intended to provide seamlessassistance, from emergency relief for natural
disasters to full-scale rehabilitation and reconstruction aid. It began in FY2006, aiming at
providing multi-component assistance such as
restoration and reconstruction of schools,
medical institutions and roads, according to
the changing needs of the affected areas.
Since disaster response requires speed andmulti-faceted support simultaneously, a higher level of procurement management capabilities and knowledge of diverse fields are needed. JICS supports the smooth and effective
implementation of grant aid for disaster prevention and reconstruction as a procurement
management agency, and has been managing
the funds, in accordance with contracts withthe governments of developing countries,
since FY2006.

Grant Aid for Community
Empowerment
Grant aid for community empowerment
began in FY2006, aiming at supporting comprehensive capacity development of communities facing threats such as poverty,

14

The aim of technical cooperation is to pass on
Japan's skills and knowledge to create humanresources that can be productive for the
future, in order to promote nation-building indeveloping countries. JICA plays a central rolein carrying out technical training of participants from developing countries, dispatchingexperts and volunteers to developing countries, and implementing technical cooperation projects, development studies and others. Provision of equipment needed for theseprojects also constitutes an indispensable
component of technical cooperation.
Since its establishment in 1989, JICS has
been delegated by JICA to handle equipment provision. At the request of JICA headquarters, overseas offices, dispatchedexperts, volunteers, and staff working intechnical cooperation projects, JICS provides
various services including direct assistancefor procurement-related duties, such as writing out technical specifications necessary forequipment procurement, selecting suppliers
through tendering, etc. and handling equipment transportation, providing information
about equipment, and carrying out various
studies in Japan and abroad.

Yen Loans
Yen loans, also referred to as loan aid, arelong-term, low-interest loans of development funds to developing countries throughthe Japan Bank for International
Cooperation (JBIC).
Since FY2004, JICS, delegated by JBIC, hasbeen carrying out basic verification to examine whether procurement procedures, documents and decisions made by borrowing
countries are appropriate in conformity withprior agreements at the time of signing loan
contracts, according to guidelines, standard
documents and others stipulated by JBIC. In
FY2007, JICS also provided support toensure the smooth progress of yen loan
projects' initial steps, such as procedures forselection of consultants by the borrower

country's implementing agency in commissioned studies on development projects
implemented by JBIC, by dispatchingexperts to the countries concerned.

Follow-up Activities
JICS undertakes the follow-up activities
described below, to ensure that equipment
procured with ODA funds is being usedeffectively.

Support for Database Creation
Delegated by JICA, JICS provides support forbuilding a database related to past records
of grant aid and equipment provision
through technical cooperation.

Operation of the Technical Information
CenterTo remedy the shortage of technical information required for operating and maintaining medical equipment procured to developing countries through grant aid, JICS has
established the Technical Information
Center in cooperation with Overseas
Medical Equipment Technical Assistants(OMETA), to provide one-stop access for staff
in charge at local medical institutions.

NGO-related Projects
JICS supports NGO activities from several different perspectives.

Grant Assistance for Japanese NGO
Projects
Grant assistance for Japanese NGO projects
is grant aid provided for economic andsocial development or emergency humanitarian support projects, etc. by JapaneseNGOs in developing countries.
From FY2003 to FY2006, delegated by the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, JICS
evaluated the goals, content, and appropriateness of size and funding requirements for
proposal applications submitted by NGOs. In
FY2007, JICS prepared and tested a “standard sheet for effectiveness verification” toverify the effectiveness of projects under thisgrant aid.

Support for NGOs
JICS, as part of its social contribution activities, provides funding of a maximum of one
million yen per year per NGO to relatively
small Japanese NGOs to support their activities. This funding is made available to approximately ten NGOs per year. JICS has implemented Support for NGOs totaling 70 million
yen to 88 organizations using its own funds
since FY1999, the tenth anniversary of JICS.

Various Projects

Iraq

IRAQ
Continuing Efforts to Support
Reconstruction
Emergency Grant Aid
In October 2003 the Japanese Government
announced that it would provide 1.5 billion
dollars in grant aid to support reconstruction
in Iraq. The grant aid was provided with thefocus on reconstruction and improvementof the local infrastructure including electricity, health care, hygiene, public safety, etc. In
connection to the direct bilateral support(equivalent to 800 million dollars), JICS has
been acting as procurement agent for the
Iraqi Government, overseeing funds andprojects. Since FY2003, JICS has handled
equipment procurement (9 cases), facilities
rehabilitation (11 cases), and one peacebuilding grant. So far, all of the equipment
procurement cases, six of the conflict prevention and peacebuilding grant cases andthe facilities rehabilitation cases have been
completed.

Significant cases completed in FY2007
to the valuable efforts of the Iraqi contracinclude the “Project for Rehabilitation of thetors and other concerned parties.
Taji Gas Turbine Power Station” (completed
JICS, along with other concerned parties,
in December 2007) and the “Project forwill continue its efforts to maintain the
Rehabilitation of the Mosul Gas Turbinesmooth flow of the projects related to reconPower Station” (completed in March 2008).
struction in Iraq.
These power stations play a significant rolein supporting the life of thepeople in the capital city of
Baghdad, and Mosul, thesecond largest city. Poor
security made it difficult forJapanese engineers to get
into the cities, and theengineers had to supervise
the operations by remotely
communicating with Iraqi
contractors who actually
carried out the engineeringwork. During the projects,
progress was often hindered due to sudden interruption of security in theregion. However, the projTaji Gas Turbine Power Stationects were completed due

Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Maldives

INDONESIA, SRI LANKA, MALDIVES
Aiming to Complete Projects
Support for the Sumatra Earthquake
and Tsunami Disaster
On December 26, 2004 a magnitude 9.0
earthquake occurred off the northwest coastof Sumatra, Indonesia, triggering a massive
tsunami in the Indian Ocean and causing
catastrophic destruction in countries bordering the Indian Ocean. In response, Japan
provided a non-project grant aid totaling to24.6 billion yen to Indonesia, Sri Lanka andthe Maldives. JICS entered into procurement
agent contracts with these three countries,
and has been engaged in reconstruction
efforts.
In Sri Lanka, which received a total of 8 billion yen in aid, projects were carried out invarious sectors and centered on the southeastern region, which was affected the mostby the disaster. These projects focused on
equipment procurement and constructionof facilities. Among them the education secproviding aid.
tor received 20% of the funding which was
Three years have passed since the earthused for reconstructing and repairing 13
quake and almost all projects are nearing
schools. Although a number of schools werecompletion. JICS will continue its work so
damaged in the Batticaloa District in thethat the projects will be completed as sooneastern part of the country, the grant aid
as possible and that people will be able towas instrumental in the reconstruction ofutilize the facilities.
four schools. At present, 1,300
students are attending schoolin the new buildings.
In January 2008 a memorial
ceremony, titled “Indonesia
Thanks the World,” was held in
the city of Jakarta, Indonesia, toexpress gratitude towards governments of various countries,
aid organizations, NGOs, andagencies that assisted in reconstruction. President
Yudhoyono punctuated his
speech with the Japanesephrase “arigato” (thank you),giving great attention to themeasures taken by Japan in
Ceremony at a reconstructed school in Sri Lanka

15

Part

I

Main Activities in FY2007

Mozambique

MOZAMBIQUE
Saving One Million People
from Malaria
Grant Aid for Infectious Disease
Prevention and Treatment
The infant mortality rate is quite high inMozambique and the main cause of infant
deaths is malaria. As malaria spreads
through the Anopheles mosquito, the mosteffective preventive method is to protect
oneself from mosquito bites. It has been
recommended that “long-lasting insecticidal
nets (LLINs)” with an insecticide incorporated into the net fabric, and having a longterm effect, be used, as it is a low-cost andeffective way. Therefore, Mozambiquerequested Japan to provide aid for such
mosquito nets, to be distributed free of cost
to pregnant women. JICS was the procurement agency that conducted the local survey and all the business procedures, frombidding to validation, as part of grant aid.

It should be kept in mind that mosquito
monitoring of the operation, etc. Delivery ofnets are bulky. Initially, after they were delivthe mosquito nets from each province to theered to the central store by the Japanese
respective health centers, seminars to pregside, the Ministry of Health of Mozambiquenant women on how to use the nets, andwas to distribute the mosquito nets fromtheir distribution were carried out by local
province to districts, then, to the health cenhealth service bureaus. More than one milters. However, both central and provincial
lion pregnant women and unborn children
stores had inadequate storage space andare expected to be protected from malaria
the number of vehicles used for transportathrough such measures.
tion was not sufficient.
Thus, after repeated consultations
and negotiations with concerned parties, JICS was able to obtain cooperation from the local NGOs and formulated a new framework of operation.
Under this new arrangement, theNGOs, with assistance from the
Department for International
Development (DFID) of U.K., arranged
for storage and transportation of thenets to districts in the five provinces ofCabo Delgado, Nampula, Manica,
Sofala, Inhambane, and also arranged
for the training of health workers,
A nurse explaining the use of the mosquito net to a pregnant woman

GambiaGAMBIA
Invaluable Food Aid
Food Aid (KR)In the western African nation of Gambia,
approximately 1.6 million people live in the
11,300km2 territory along the river Gambia.
Eighty percent of the working population is
engaged in agriculture. As most of agriculture depends on the rainfall, agricultural
production decreased in FY2007 when therainy season was unusually short. Food selfsufficiency ratio for rice was about 20% andthat of grain, as a whole, about 60%. As
help, the Japanese Government administered Food Aid for FY2006 (commodity item:rice) to improve the food shortage situation.
Japan had been providing food aid to
Gambia, from FY2002 to 2006, and bothcountries also agreed on Food Aid to be provided for FY2006 on March 6, 2007.
Following this agreement, JICS became theprocurement management agency for theGovernment of Gambia, and was in charge

16

of administering and selecting companies toformed in Gambia, and the committee distransport and deliver government-concussed implementation status, points oftrolled rice.
improvement, etc. The Government of
A bidding session was conducted in theGambia issued a statement expressing gratipresence of Dr. Amadou Sowe, thetude towards the Government of Japan and
Department of State for Agriculture, and thethe Japanese people, saying, “The food aid is
rice shipment that left the port of Maizuru,
invaluable for the citizens of Gambia.”
Kyoto in August 2007 reached
the capital city of Banjul,
Gambia at the end of
September 2007. The rice
was sold to the citizens ofGambia through the Ministryof Agriculture cheaper thanthe market rate, and proceeds
were accumulated as counterpart funds that are being
used for social development
through, for example, thepurchase of fertilizer, etc.
When the rice reachedGambia, anIntergovernmental
Officials of the Ministry of Agriculture and the staff of JICS interviewing a
Committee for Food Aid waswoman purchasing rice from the storeMoldova

MOLDOVA
Effective Use of Counterpart
Funds Increased the Numberof Tractors Sixfold
Grant Assistance for Underprivileged
Farmers (2KR)
Moldova is one of the states that formed theformer Soviet Union; since the collapse of theSoviet Union, supply of energy and materials
was cut off, resulting in economic disorder.
Continuous conflicts and disasters plunged
the country into severe hardships. Despite
there was no significant industry other thanagriculture and tourism, agricultural production declined. And because agricultural
machinery became obsolete and people are
not able to purchase new machinery, many
farmers abandoned their agricultural land.
Under such circumstances, Japanlaunched the Grant Aid for Increase of Food
Production (2KR, presently the Grant
Assistance for Underprivileged Farmers) for
Moldova since FY2000 to support theirefforts in revitalizing agriculture and stabilizing production in Moldova. JICS has worked
as the procurement agency for proceduraladministration for the purchase of agricultural machinery by the Government of Moldova
and has been instrumental in the procurement of tractors and combine harvesters six
times.
In the Grant Assistance for
Underprivileged Farmers, aid-receiving
countries are required to save a part of theproceeds earned through sale of aid materials as counterpart funds for gaining greater

A tractor maintenance workshop held by PIU

benefits from the aid. In thecase of Moldova, the fund produced exceptionally goodresults. A total of 296 tractorsthat were procured and delivered at the initial stage weresold domestically in Moldova.
Funds created by this transaction were used to procure newtractors and these tractors weresold again. Such repeated procurement and sale resulted in
the procurement of about 1,700
tractors, which is nearly six times A procured tractor
more than the initial procurement until FY2005.
Furthermore, the total number of agricultural
machines that was procured during this period, including combine harvesters, reached
up to 2,135. Aid from Japan became the initiating agent that spun the wheel of moneymaking through the cycle of procurement
and sale. A lot of people have expressed
their gratitude towards Japan for providing
aid.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Food
Industry has established a project office (PIU)
for seeking and selecting sale destinations
for these machines, handling the proceeds ofthe sale, and conducting activities toenhance aid effectiveness such as holding
maintenance and repair workshops. An exhibition of agricultural machinery (MOLDAGROTECH), held in October 2007, displayed
the contribution made by various organizations towards mechanization of domestic
agriculture and the PIU was awarded the
grand prix.

From the Field

The Most Effective Project since
Independence
Japan's Grant Assistance for Underprivileged
Farmers has been the most effective project since
the independence of Moldova in 1991. The project that was started in 2000 has spread throughout the country within 4-5 years of its commencement. It was such that small-scale farmers,
who had no collateral, were unable to borrowmoney from the bank for the acquisition of farmmachines. However, with the project they can
own a tractor even without collateral and additional interest. They can pay for the tractor in
installments, making them eligible right away to
own the tractor.
Thus, more than 1,000 farmers or farmers'organizations now had access to agricultural
machines and tools that gave rise to new types ofwork. Capital generated through such activities
was invested in land clearing that would sustain
more than 200,000 peasants. These practicalaccomplishments were highly appreciated byeach of the aid-giving nations and by international organizations.
The JICS procurement work involved assessing
demands of the farmers through interview, managing properly thebidding of prices, etc.
There were many lessons learned, andsuch benefits
brought about majorchanges in Moldova.
Millions of people of
Moldova are gratefulto Japan.
Bumacov Vasile
Technical Director of 2KR Project(Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industryof the Republic of Moldova)

17

Part

I

Main Activities in FY2007

Ethiopia

ETHIOPIA
Protecting Valuable Fossilized
Human Remains
Cultural Grant Aid
Ethiopia has excavated abundant fossilized
remains, presumably as old as 1 to 5.6 million years of ancient life, including fossilized
remains of human beings, and is attracting
worldwide attention for being a country
with rich reservoirs of such fossils. The
National Museum, which is visited by
100,000 people annually, displays thefamous “Lucy”, the 3.2 million years old fossilized human, and many other domestically
excavated fossils and artifacts that are of thesame value as a world heritage. Researchers
in the Museum are working jointly withresearchers from Japan and other countries
and are contributing to international academia.
However, the Museum building and facilities used for preservation and research offossils were quite old, lacking in earthquake-

resistant and fire-resistant features, andin August 2007, and assessed the present
hence, not a suitable environment for valucondition of activities and repair work of theable excavated fossils and artifacts. As a
Museum and gathered information on the
result, the Government of Ethiopia began aselection of equipment. On June 9, 2008,
renovation of the Museum building, and has
based on survey results, an implementation
been preparing to start activities with theplan was agreed upon between the two
new research facilities since the summer ofcountries. JICS will assist in bidding proce2008. Parallel to these plans, thedures by announcing bids, preparing bidGovernment of Ethiopia presented its
ding documents, holding competitive bidrequest for Cultural Grant Aid to theding, assessing, etc.
Government of Japan so that
Ethiopia could purchase a robust
archive warehouse for the preservation of important fossils, microscopes and digital microscopes
built using Japanese technology,
facilities for presenting researchoutcomes, etc.
Under the consignment contract with the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, JICS carried out a local survey for the “Project for the
Improvement of Equipment for
Hominid Fossil Related Facilities of
The National Museum of Ethiopia under renovation
the National Museum of Ethiopia”

Cambodia

CAMBODIA
Protecting People fromLandmines
Grant Aid for Research
As a result of the long civil war in Cambodia,
the land in 40% of farming villages is strewn
with millions of landmines and duds thathave not yet been cleared. In Cambodia,
where agriculture and animal husbandry are
the major industries that provide livelihood,people have to use the potential mineinfested land for farming and animal husbandry. Even today, about 5 million people
are living under the threat of landmines.
Manual removal of landmines is a dangerous and time-consuming operation. Thus,
removal of all landmines will require a substantial amount of time. The Government ofJapan has been carrying out research anddevelopment of demining equipment, aspart of the Grant Aid for Research, withcooperation from Japanese manufacturers

18

of construction machinery for speedy
starting April 2008 in Battanbang Province,
removal of landmines and ensuring safety ofwhich has huge quantities of buried landthe personnel involved.
mines. The Grant Aid for Research will conFollowing the development aid for demitribute towards improving efficacy of thening equipment in Afghanistan in FY2002demining equipment, and is considered to2003, the “Research Project for thebe the cornerstone in the economic develDevelopment of Demining Activities
opment of Cambodia.
Support Equipment” was implemented in Cambodia in FY2005
and FY2007. In the second phaseof the project, which started in
2007, the demining equipment
developed in Japan has been put
to the test in the actual minefields of Cambodia to check its
efficiency and safety. The demining equipment in combination
with demining personnel andmine detecting dogs have been
put to test for study and determination of more efficient demining methods, and for gatheringof information. These tests are to
be conducted for six months,
The Japanese demining equipment

Afghanistan

AFGHANISTAN
Improving Hospital Facilities
Emergency Grant Aid
The infant mortality rate in Afghanistan isvery high, and it is said that one in every fourchildren succumbs to death by the age offive, an extremely serious problem indeed.
One of the causes of death is the collapse of
the social infrastructure due to the conflict
which has continued for more than 20 years.
Bereft of the opportunities of education andemployment, people are untrained in the
medical field. Afghanistan is also facing
problems of insufficient human resources,
hospital facilities, medical equipment andlack of budget for the purchase of drugs.
To cope with this situation, the Ministry of
Public Health of Afghanistan requested in
February 2006 for Japan to construct andrenovate facilities of the Dasht-e-Barchi
District Hospital located in the western partof the capital city of Kabul. The remaining
money from the “Second Emergency Grant
Aid for Afghanistan” was used to constructtraining facilities, including accommodaBy human resource development throughtions, kitchen facilities, and laundry facilities,
technical cooperation as well as reinforceas well as renovate the maternity ward.
ment of facilities through the Grant Aid,
In this project, JICS carried out the selecmore effective use of the facilities is expecttion of a construction company in Kabul
ed.
through bidding andsupervision of construction work. The
work was started on
August 1, 2007 andwas completed in
April 2008.
Completion of the
facilities is expected
to facilitate smoothrunning of essentialtraining, provision offood for the inpatients, washing oflinens, etc.
JICA is said to beplanning to conduct
technical cooperation
projects in the near
The newly constructed training facility of the Dasht-e-Barchi District Hospital
future in this hospital.

Madagascar

MADAGASCAR
Opening a Way to theDomestic Production of
Notebooks
Non-Project Grant Aid
Since FY1988, and subsequently for nineoccasions, Japan has provided the Non-project Grant Aid, to Madagascar for the
improvement of economic structure of thecountry. JICS, as a procurement management agency for the Grant Aid, has carriedout services related to procurement for theGovernment of Madagascar since FY1999.
The procurement of equipment for thesmall- and medium-scale industries is a special feature of the Non-project Grant Aid for
Madagascar, from the point of view of support and development of domestic industries.
In the projects carried out in FY2005, JICS,
as a procurement management agency, wasinvolved in the preparation of bidding docu-

ments, such as specification documents, conas a procurement management agency in a
clusion of sales contracts, administration ofproject for Mongolia in FY1993, embarking
delivery and payment, etc. to procure equipon its mission of supporting developing
ment, including notebook manufacturing
countries through procurement for grant aid
machines.
projects.
In the past, in
Madagascar, notebooks
for children were imported from overseas. The
delivery of the notebook
manufacturing machines
paved the way for thedomestic production ofnotebooks in Madagascar.
The machines procured
through the Non-project
Grant Aid produced thenotebooks and the children received them in the
new semester of FY2007.
The Non-project Grant
Aid is the financial aid provided by Japan since
FY1987. JICS started work
The notebook manufacturing machines delivered to Madagascar

19

Part

I

Main Activities in FY2007

Cambodia

CAMBODIA
Peacebuilding Activities of
JSAC
Grant Aid for Conflict Prevention andPeacebuilding
In Cambodia small arms have proliferated allover the country due to the civil war that
had continued for 21 years since 1970, andcontinued possession of these even after thecivil war has posed a threat to the people.
Therefore, in FY2003, Japan began to extend
the grant aid for Peacebuilding andComprehensive Small Arms Management
Program. Following this, JICS launched theJapanese Small Arms Control Support Team
(JSAC) which, together with the Interior
Ministry of Cambodia, has been working on
peacebuilding activities, including therecovery of small arms.
Since its launch in April 2003, JSAC has
been successful in recovering about 30,000
small arms, and almost 120,000 explosives
and ammunition. Furthermore, as part of anawareness campaign, activities were conJSAC has finished its work in Cambodia,
ducted, like the burning of recovered
and the work of recovery of small arms is
weapons in a ceremony called the “Flame of
now continued by the people of Cambodia.
Peace”; the holding of a workshop for the
JICS shall put to good use its experience
understanding of arms issues; and the buildgained through JSAC's activities ining of a peace monument by Cambodian
Cambodia in peacebuilding aids in otherartists using the recovered small arms.
regions.
In this program, local residents were encouraged tovoluntarily surrender theirarms, and communities
deemed to have surrendered
all their weapons were provided with development aid
in the form of projects likebuilding roads, schools, andpolice boxes. In February
2008, in a ceremony handing
over facilities held in
Kampong Thom Province ofCambodia, the Governor of
the province presented
awards to seven staff members of JSAC and expressed“Naga,” the peace monument made from recovered arms
gratitude for JSAC's work.

South Africa

SOUTH AFRICA
Supporting JICA's Local
Procurement Procedures
through Seminars
Technical Cooperation
Ever since JICA became an independentadministrative entity in FY2004, a big shift
was made in the procurement of equipment
for JICA”s technical cooperation -- from procurement within Japan to procurement in
the country granted aid. JICS has also carried out various cooperative procurement
activities for overseas offices of JICA as well.
Besides dispatching speakers for procurement seminars, JICS” cooperative procurement activities involve the sending of support staff to overseas offices, carrying out
actual procurement procedures, guiding
national staff, preparing internal regulations
for the offices, preparing related documents,
etc. JICS also offers support by providing
advice based on documents prepared in the20past. In FY2007, JICS sent support staff to 14
the participants was: “We learned somecountries for 11 projects.
things which we had not understood
A local procurement seminar was organbefore,” and “We had a problem of delivery
ized in South Africa where JICS staff members
delay and we were benefited by possible
were dispatched to the country's JICA office.
solutions gleaned from each other's experiThe seminar was attended by staff fromences.” JICS intends to indirectly support
southern African countries such as South
local procurement procedures hereafter
Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Madagascar,through such seminars and the dispatching
Malawi, Namibia, Botswana and Kenya.
of procurement support staff.
The seminar was organized inSouth Africa, which is planning tohold the World Cup matches in 2010.
The seminar commenced in an amiable and relaxed atmosphere. The
lectures started with basic topics, suchas “flow of local procurement procedures” and “preparation of specification documents,” and included somehigher level topics, such as a mockpractice of a designated bidding. In
the latter half of the seminar, lectures
were held in the form of quizzes that
helped to deepen the understanding
Procurement seminar organized by JICS-dispatched staff, held at theof the topics. Some feedback fromJICA Kenya officeMyanmar

MYANMAR
Verifying Projects Run in
Coordination with NGOs
Effect Measurement Program for
Grant Aid for Japanese NGO Projects
The Effectiveness Verification Program,which started in FY2007, was created todevelop a practical tool in verifying theeffectiveness of the Grant Aid Projects forJapanese NGOs -- aids that are granted inpartnership with NGOs, the Ministry ofForeign Affairs, and scholars in the field. The
Grant Aid for Japanese NGO Projects is the
grant aid for economic and social development projects and emergency humanitarian
support projects run by Japanese NGOs fordeveloping countries and regions. The verification program aims at improving thecapacities of the effectiveness verificationand project execution of the NGOs, in addition to improving the accountability of the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the NGOs
towards the citizens of Japan. In FY2007, thefirst year of the program, a standard sheet
cation and the program report are released
for effectiveness verification was preparedon the website of the Ministry of Foreign
and its reliability was tested.
Affairs. The examples of actual application
Effectiveness verification using the stanare also open to public viewing, and theirdard sheet was carried out for a “well conresults have given impetus to activities ofstruction project” of the Bridge Asia Japanvarious organizations.
(BAJ) and for a “health institution renovation project” of
the Japanese Organization
for International Cooperationin Family Planning (JOICFP),
after which a report was prepared and presented in a
meeting. With the knowledge gained from various
kinds of Grant Aid forJapanese NGO Projects, JICS
has functioned as the secretariat for the effectivenessverification program, and hascompiled the effectivenessverification results andreports.
At present, the standard
A well constructed in a project in Myanmar
sheet for effectiveness verifi-

YEN LOAN
Applying the Know-how on
Basic Verification
Yen Loan
Loan aid is usually called “Yen Loan,” an aid
extended to developing countries in theform of development funds with easy conditions of low interest rates for long terms, andprovided by the Japan Bank for International
Cooperation (JBIC). When a borrower country needs to build socio-economic infrastructures such as electricity, gas, transport, communication, etc., the borrower country is
required to abide by the procurement procedures, based on procurement guidelines,
consultant employment guidelines, etc., of
the JBIC for the procurement of the necessary goods and services. Since FY2004, JICS,
delegated by JBIC, has carried out basic verification of procurement documents prepared by borrowers to confirm that they arein accordance with the JBIC guidelines andprocedures.
entrusted with surveying the projects in
JBIC has been organizing “yen loan semiIndonesia and Iraq in FY2007, wherein JICS
nars” and “procurement seminars” for better
applied the knowledge it gained in “basic
understanding of the implementing agenverification” and supported the implementcies in the borrower countries in undertaking agencies in the borrower countries.
ing yen loans. In FY2007,
JICS staff spoke in seminars organized in India,
Costa Rica, Panama, andGuatemala.
JBIC organizes a “commissioned survey related
to project-monitoring
experts” to expedite theprojects. This survey isdone to support theimplementing agency toensure the smooth
progress of the procurement procedures at theinitial stage of the projecttask, such as selection of
consultants by the borrower country. JICS was
JICS staff coaching local staff on the preparation of documents

21

JICS Recent Events
Contributing to theDissemination of VVM
Recognized by WHO
JICS commenced and made a clear notification regarding bid specifications on the useof the Vaccine Vial Monitor (VVM) seal at thetime of the vaccine's procurement, which led
to its recognition by the World Health Organization (WHO) in May 2007 for contributing
to the dissemination of the VVM seal.
VVM is a seal that is stuck onto the vaccine
container, the color of which changes whenever there is a change in temperature.
Requiring stringent temperature monitoring
during the vaccine's transport and storage,
sticking the seal onto the container of a vaccine makes it easy to identify if the vaccine
had been stored at a controlled temperatureand is safe for use.
In the “Tanzanian Polio Eradication
Program” in 1997, JICS clearly mentioned theVVM seal on the bid specifications, ahead of
any other donor, and continued to do sothereafter, which resulted in its dissemination.
At present, awareness of the VVM seal has
been disseminated quite widely, and various
types of vaccines, such as tetanus, combined
diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT), combined DPT-polio-Hib, and yellow fever vaccines, can be procured with the VVM seal.

Delivered vaccine with the VVM seal on the cap

Support for Reconstruction
Efforts after the Earthquake
Disaster in Central Java

Procurement and Project
Appraisal by JICS
JICS formulated the “Guidelines on Project
Appraisal Implementation by JICS” in
November 2006. The first project appraised
based on these guidelines was carried out
from May 18, 2007 to May 23, 2007. The project that was subjected to the appraisal was
the emergency grant aid provided for the“Earthquake Disaster in Central Java.” Prior
to the appraisal, documents related to procurement were reviewed, questionnaires dispatched, interviews held with the internaland external personnel, and the processassessed taking into consideration theappropriateness and efficiency of the procurement work and whether the work proceeded according to plan.
In the appraisal, although it was pointed
out that there were some aspects that shouldbe improved in the process - from the signing of the contract to the delivery of goods the decision-making processes about thearticles to be procured, their specifications,releasing of public announcements, preparing the bidding procedures, etc. had become
faster as compared to previous cases.
JICS will continue to carry out projectappraisals based on the guidelines for a more
efficient flow of projects.

22

Prevention and Treatment” and the “Grant
Aid for the Research Project for Research andDevelopment of Mine Clearance Related
Equipment in Cambodia.” The visitors to thebooth showed a great deal of interest in theprotective gears and helmets that were usedduring the demining in Cambodia and themock landmine that were used for the
research and development of a landmine
detecting device.

Visit of the Iraqi
Ambassador
On October 18, 2007, Mr. Ghanim Alwan AlJumaily, the Ambassador of Iraq to Japan,
met with Mr. Sasaki, the President of JICS.
The Ambassador expressed his gratitude
towards Japan for providing assistance forthe reconstruction of Iraq, and to JICS for its
work. Furthermore, they exchanged views
regarding the present condition of Iraq andthe projects that are in progress in the country. They also exchanged views regarding
future cooperation in the smooth implementation of projects related to assistance forreconstruction.

Interviews done for the “Earthquake Disaster in Central
Java” project

Participation in the Global
Festa JAPAN 2007

Certificate from WHO

Visitors at the JICS booth

JICS participated in the Global Festa JAPAN2007 held at Hibiya Park in Tokyo on October
6 and 7, 2007.
In its booth, JICS introduced the structureof the organization, and some of the grants,
like the “Grant Aid for Infectious Disease

Ambassador (center), Jassem Al-Janabi, Diplomat (right),
and JICS President

Recognition from JANICOn December 14, 2007, the Japan NGO
Center for International Cooperation (JANIC)Tamiflu and PPE for the ASEAN,” etc. were
exhibited as specific examples of its projects.
When difficult issues or those that demand a
lot of attention for procurement services wereexplained to the visitors, they commented, “We
didn't know that such a special organization
existed for procurement work, but we realized
the difficulties in procurement and hence theneed for a special organization,” and “Do yourbest for the effective utilization of ODA.”

Conferment of the certificate of merit

conferred honor on JICS. As a cooperate
member, JICS has extended support to
JANIC, in its role of strengthening the NGO
network, for a period of 16 years since 1991.
This honor was in appreciation of the longyears of JICS' support.
Moreover, JICS has a separate program forsupporting NGOs that are working in theinternational arena. Encouraged by thehonor, JICS will continue its support for NGOs
in a variety of ways.

Participation in the One
World Festival
JICS participated in the One World Festival at
the Osaka International House Foundation
on February 2 and 3, 2008. Organizations
related to ODA exhibited jointly in one
booth, the first of its kind, whereby the position of each organization in the ODA system
and its specific operation were explained.
In the JICS booth, displays on the “Support
for Reconstruction of Iraq,” the “Support for
Reconstruction of Afghanistan,” the “Grant Aidfor the Research Project for Research andDevelopment of Mine Clearance Related
Equipment,” the “Project for the Stockpile ofIngenious three-dimensional display of JICS

Projects Commissioned
by International
Organizations
JICS is also involved in assistance programs
to developing countries that are extended byinternational organizations and others working in international cooperation.
In addition to the “Project for the Stockpileof Tamiflu and PPE” delegated by the ASEAN
Secretariat, JICS undertook the support for
the avian flu measures delegated by theWorld Organization for Animal Health (OIE) ,and in FY2007, together with the Crown
Agents (CA), a procurement agency of theUnited Kingdom, accepted a Mongolian
Project implemented by the MCA(Millennium Challenge Account) of theUnited States.

Second Regular Meetingsof the Board of Trustees
and the Board of
Directors
The second regular meetings of the Board ofTrustees and the Board of Directors for
FY2007 were held on March 24 and 25, 2008
respectively. In the meeting of the Board ofTrustees, the following points were discussed
and approved: (1) operations planning andrevised budget for FY2007; (2) project policy
and planning for FY2008; (3) budget for
FY2008; and (4) selection of new members of
the board. On the next day, March 25, 2008,
the Board of Directors approved the abovementioned points (1) to (3), and discussed
and approved matters regarding (4) the
selection of the Trustees.
The establishment of the “new” JICA in
October 2008 is expected to greatly affectthe environment surrounding JICS. Under
the new ODA system of Japan, JICS will aim
for further effective, efficient, and prompt
implementation of ODA projects.

Procurement Training at
the Crown Agents
Meeting of the Board of Trustees

Two JICS staff members received training on
risk management in project monitoring at
the headquarters of the Crown Agents of UK
from February 13 to 17, 2008.
The training consisted of the need for andapproaches to risk
management and casestudies regarding fundmanagement operations, payment, and the
responsibility and jurisdiction over the procurement agents.
Through the variety of
training exercises
undergone by its staff,
JICS will be able tostrengthen its functional skills and improve its
competitiveness as aninternational agency
specializing in procurement.

New Member of the Board of Directors:

Mr. Kazuhisa Matsuoka, President, Japan
International Cooperation Center
New Member of the Board of Trustees

Mr. Takamasa Hayase, Vice President, Japan
International Cooperation Center

Policies for project implementation in
FY2008- Respond quickly and appropriately
to the changing needs in ODA- Improve capability towards a betterinternational procurement organization, and expand project operations- Strengthen the project implementation system- Improve JICS financial condition- Strengthen or improve publicity
campaigns and information disclosure

23Social Activities of JICS
A Meeting for the Report andExchange of Views on the
NGO Support Activities of JICS
JICS launched NGO support activities in
FY1999 to support the development of NGOs
that are working in the international arena.
JICS provides a maximum of one million yen
for equipment and materials, transportation
expenses, operation expenditures and reinforcement of the organizational infrastructure.
The meeting for the report and exchangeof views on the NGO support activities of JICS
in FY2007 was held on September 10, 2007,
attended by ten organizations that received
support in FY2004 and FY2005, examining
committee members, experts, etc.
At the meeting for the reporting of activities, the NGOs gave accounts of the projects
that had received support from JICS and theiraccomplishments.
A lively discussion took place at the meeting, where the theme was “Feedback on theassessment and evaluation results.” Here,the experts commented that the review of
the appropriateness and exchange of information among the bodies involved should
be more focused, and emphasized the needfor better accountability in various activities.
NGO Participants: Asia Mind, Community Action
Development Organisation (CanDo), Africa Japan
Forum, Institute of Environment Rehabilitation andConservation, Japan NGO Center for International
Cooperation (JANIC), Services for the Health in Asian &African Regions (SHARE), Tanba Green Force, Terra
People Act Kanagawa (TPAK), Nagoya NGO Center, and21st Century Association

JICS will continue to support the development of NGOs working in the international
arena in the future.

Students from the Tokyo
Metropolitan Oshima Kaiyokokusai High School visit JICS
for Work Exposure
Two second-year students from the Tokyo
Metropolitan Oshima Kaiyo-kokusai HighSchool visited JICS on August 13 and 14,
2007 for work exposure, and participated inclerical work for public relations activities andinterviewed the staff.
They were very surprised to find out fromthe in-charge of the Iraqi project that theambulances, fire engines and patrolling vehicles used in Iraq were part of Japanese aid,
and that JICS was instrumental in procuring
those vehicles. The two students, who want
to work in the field of international cooperation in the future, commented that after thework exposure at JICS, their interest in working for international cooperation has
increased.

High-school students interviewing the staff

Accepting University
Students as Interns

NGOs Selected to Receive
Support from JICS in FY2007
In FY2007, 20 organizations applied for assistance from JICS, out of which 10 organizations were selected to receive support
amounting to 9.71 million yen.

JICS has been accepting university students
for internship since FY2004. In FY2007, JICS
accepted one student each from
Ritsumeikan University, Ibaraki University,

NGOs Supported by JICS in FY2007 (in alphabetical order)
Name of NGO

Country

Support Description

India
RwandaMongolia•Funds for strengthening the foundation of NGOs
•Funds for strengthening the foundation of NGOs
•Project operation expenses

Kenya•Project operation expenses

CORE Community Road Empowerment

Papua New
GuineaDIFAR

Bolivia

Ehime Global Network

Mozambique•Project operation expenses•Funds for strengthening the foundation of NGOs
•Equipment and material purchase-related expenses / transportation expenses•Funds for strengthening the foundation of NGOs
•Equipment and material purchase-related expenses / transportation expenses•Project operation expenses

Japan International Center for the Rightsof the Child

Cambodia

Nagoya NGO Center

Japan

Second Hand

Cambodia

ACE
Africa Reconciliation Committee
Atelier for Development and the Future
Community Action Development
Organisation (CanDo)

24

Student interns with the JICS Staff

and Osaka University of Economics as interns
during the period of September 3 to 14,
2007.
One of the students conveyed his impression, saying: “My work experience regarding
technical cooperation, food aid, grant assistance for underprivileged farmers, NGO assistance, and public relations has created theimpression that different actors are playing
their roles behind the scenes in international
cooperation, and that everyone can playtheir part to contribute to peace.”

Lecture for Integrated
Studies at the Junior HighSchool Attached to the Japan
Women's University
On February 16, 2008, during the integrated
study period of a second year class of the
Junior High School attached to the Japan
Women's University, one JICS staff member
was invited as guest lecturer, and imparted
the need for ODA and the role of JICS within
the ODA implementation system in the context of aid for reconstruction in Afghanistan.
In the panel discussion, entitled, “What We
Can Do for International Contribution,” held
after the lecture, issues such as “Japan seenfrom the outside” and “what kind of aid isuseful for the local people” were vigorously
discussed. The students were happy to knowthat Japan was doing something for developing countries, and that their country's tax
collection was used for such projects. The
students strongly affirmed the need forpeace in the international community.

Amount Granted(yen)954,600
960,000
1,000,000
1,000,000
1,000,000
800,000
999,036•Funds for strengthening the foundation of NGOs

1,000,000•Project operation expenses•NGO operation expenses•Equipment and material purchase-related expenses / transportation expenses

1,000,000

994,140

Panel discussion at the Junior High School Attached to
the Japan Women’s University