Foreword

On behalf of the Global Environment Centre Foundation (GEC), I would like to take this opportunity toextend our deepest condolences to all of those affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, and to
express our sincere wishes for the earliest possible recovery of disaster-stricken areas. I would also
like to thank our overseas project affiliates and former JICA training course participants for their kindwords of sympathy and encouragement throughout this difficult time.
Almost 20 years have passed since the Global Environment Centre Foundation (GEC) was founded
following Osaka City’s invitation to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) International
Environmental Technology Centre (IETC) to establish an environmental facility in the city.
GEC initially strived to make a contribution to pollution control and environmental conservationin developing nations by leveraging Osaka’s renowned green technologies in collaboration with thecity’s public & private sectors and UNEP.
However, UNEP’s status as international organization meant that it could not conduct programs
focusing solely on Osaka-based technologies, so GEC expanded its scope beyond Osaka and began
cooperating with affiliated organizations on initiatives to solve environmental problems in developing
nations in a manner more befitting our global moniker. At the same time, GEC is being urged to makea contribution to the local community that is commensurate with the support we receive from local
government.
We must therefore find a way to balance these contrasting global and local perspectives, but this is aconsiderable task that will require the efforts not only of GEC, but also UNEP/IETC and local government.
We at GEC must therefore demonstrate our raison d’etre and adapt the scope of our activities in
response to the socio-economic climate without being dominated by our changing circumstances. We must
instigate reforms to make GEC an organization worthy of our legal status as an incorporated foundation.
To that end, each and every one of GEC’s personnel must think and act in solidarity to maximize
our contribution to global environmental conservation and the resolution of environmental problems indeveloping nations. We intend to actively procure external funding and do our utmost to ensure local
government support while also maintaining accountability. Building new relationships with businesses
in Osaka City and the Kansai region will also become an important part of our future operations as we
contribute to the overseas expansion of Osaka City’s water and environmental technologies.
Despite these challenges, our entire board of directors and personnel are committed to working
together to ensure that GEC makes a significant contribution to society.
I look forward to your unwavering support and understanding in the years ahead.

September 2011

MIYAHARA, Hideo
President
Global Environment Centre Foundation

GEC 2010

1

Activities in
Fiscal Year 2010

International Cooperation: Technical Support for Developing Countries

Supporting UNEP/IETC’s Activities of Information Dissemination and Technology
Transfer on ESTs* in the Area of ‘Waste Management’ and ‘Water & Sanitation’

ESTs
Environmentally Sound
Technologies, as definedin Agenda 21, should
protect the environment,
are less contaminative,use various resources in amore sustainable manner,recycle more of their wastes
and products and handle
residual waste in a more
acceptable manner than thetechnologies for which they
were substitutes.
E-wasteA term that refers to waste
electrical and electronicequipment including
refrigerators and TVs.
Despite containing hazardous
substances such as lead,
cadmium and mercury, theproper processing of e-waste
is lagging, particularly indeveloping nations, leading
to concerns about e-waste’s
adverse environmental andhealth effects, and causing
it to be recognized as apressing environmental
issue.
Regional Workshop on
WEEE/E-waste Management
The workshop’s presentationmaterials & country reports
are available on IETC’s
website.

Organizing Regional Workshop on WEEE/E-waste* Management
IETC is currently engaged in the management of waste
electrical and electronic equipment (e-waste) as one ofits priority waste management activities. In 2009, IETC
carried out a pilot project in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, anddeveloped a manual on e-waste management. Basedon the outcomes of these activities, IETC organized the‘Regional Workshop on WEEE/E-waste Management*’
in collaboration with GEC from 6 to 9 July 2010. The
sessions on 6 and 7 July for government officials from

Regional Workshop on WEEE/E-waste
Management

10 Asian nations introduced a range of information one-waste management including its definition, inventory
survey, assessment, legal frameworks, recovery &processing technologies, and financing mechanisms,
as well as presentations from each country analyzing
their current e-waste situations and challenges. At thesession on 8 July, various waste management initiatives
were introduced by these government officials aswell as a range of stakeholders including JapaneseVisit to the household appliance recycling
facility

home appliance manufacturers, trading companies, universities, research organizations, andinternational agencies. On 9 July, the participants visited a home appliance recycling plant in
the Kansai region.
One aspect of the workshop that generated considerable interest from overseas participants
was the “take back system” being adopted in Southeast Asia, whereby manufacturers buy
back end-of-life products. The workshop also promoted knowledge-sharing on proper e-waste
processing & recycling and facilitated discussions to propose new joint projects between
participating nations and international agencies.

Organizing Workshop on the Global Partnership on Waste Management
Total waste generation in developing nations has now
surpassed that of developed nations as a result of rapid
population growth and urbanization. As living standards
rise and globalization continues, developing nations
must find ways to respond to emerging waste problems.
However, developing nations are struggling to cope with
their waste issues due to a lack of financial resources
and technologies, and changing this situation will require
the facilitation of information sharing and partnership

Workshop on the Global Partnership on
Waste Management

among stakeholders on various waste management
technologies, systems, case studies, human resource (HR)development and assistance. IETC is therefore working
with a range of stakeholders including international
agencies, local & national governments, the private
sector and NGOs to establish the ‘Global Partnership on
Waste Management’ (GPWM). From 18 to 19 November
2010, IETC organized the Second Consultation Workshop

Participants in the workshop

on Waste to discuss the GPWM’s objectives, activities, and operational guidelines. At theworkshop, the draft framework for the GPWM was prepared based on discussions among
representatives from 14 national governments and 6 international organizations/institutions.
2

GEC 2010

Participation in the Workshop on ‘Waste Plastics Management in Developing
Countries’
Since 2009, IETC has been implementing a 3-year pilot project to convert waste plastics into
resources in Thailand and the Philippines based on the 3R* approach. From 1 to 4 March
2011, IETC organized the Workshop on ‘Waste Plastics Management in Developing Countries’
with the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in order toevaluate the progress of this pilot project. GEC presented a report at the workshop introducing
private sector and local government initiatives on plastic recycling in eco-towns in Japan, as
well as their innovative ideas and successes in promoting the recycling industry. The report
was well received by participants from developing nations for providing valuable information.

Promoting & Applying the Eco-Town* Concept in the Asia-Pacific Region
Since 2004, IETC has been working on initiatives topromote and apply the eco-town concept in the AsiaPacific region to encourage environmentally-sound,sustainable industrial development in economicallyprosperous developing nations by leveraging theknowledge and experiences of Japan’s eco-town
programmes. As part of our support for IETC, GEC isengaged in activities to disseminate information to

Eco-Town Workshop (Bandung)developing nations on Japan’s eco-town recycling
technologies and systems and, since 2009, we havebeen implementing the ‘Eco-Town Environmental
Technology Database Development Project for Building
Resource Recycling-based Societies in Developing
Countries’ under the auspices of the Mitsui & Co., Ltd.,
Environment Fund.
In 2010, GEC surveyed 12 companies and 9 local

Eco-Town Workshop participants (Bandung)governments of Japanese eco-towns possessing recycling technologies suited to the needsof developing nations based on the findings of a 2009 recycling technology needs survey
in Penang, Malaysia and Bandung, Indonesia. The survey examined the conditions andconsiderations for adopting recycling technologies in eco-towns in Japan including theproperties of each technology, factors for success, background for adoption, and surmountingof challenges.
GEC also organized the ‘Bandung Eco-town Workshop*’ with IETC, the Development
Planning Board of Bandung City Government (BAPPEDA) and the Institute of Ecology (IOE) of
Padjadjaran University on 21 September 2010 as a side event of the ‘Eco-Creative Fest-Fair’commemorating Bandung’s bicentenary. At the workshop, GEC presented an interim reporton the survey to Penang and Bandung’s eco-town project stakeholders, and conducted aquestionnaire to identify required information on Japanese recycling including relevant laws,
ordinances and systems.
GEC is now planning to compile a database from the results of Japan eco-town surveys
as well as information on legal systems and other matters related to Japanese recycling for
publication on the GEC website.

3R
Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.
A basic concept espousing
treatment of waste materials
in that order to create asociety which generates theminimum possible amountof waste. In other words,
this concept describes
the attempt to foster a‘recycling-oriented society’
which minimizes the impact
upon the environment by
not generating waste, andreusing it or recycling its
resources when you do tosignificantly decrease theconsumption of resources
and waste created andpromote effective resourceuse. The 3R concept also
forms the cornerstone forthe promotion of Japan’s
recycling laws such as theContainer and Packaging
Recycling Law, the Home
Appliance Recycling Law,
the Construction Material
Recycling Law, the Food
Recycling Law and the Endof-Life Vehicle Recycling
Law.
Eco-Town
In Japan, the term ‘ecotown’ refers to regions
approved by the Ministry of
Economy, Trade & Industry(METI) and the Ministry of
the Environment (MOE)
where local governments
are undertaking projects
that leverage the region’s
attributes to reduce waste
and promote recycling, andthat utilize local industry
clusters to foster green
industries. Overseas,
however, ‘eco-town’ isused in a broader context
to denote regions seeking
to achieve environmentallyfriendly socio-economic
development.
Bandung Eco-town
Workshop
The workshop’s presentationmaterials are available on
GEC’s website.

GEC 2010

3

Activities in
Fiscal Year 2010

International Cooperation: Technical Support for Developing Countries

Participation in the 7th Asia-Pacific Eco-Business Forum
Kawasaki City Government organized the ‘7th AsiaPacific Eco-Business Forum’ from 14 to 15 February
2011 which was attended by representatives from
UNEP/IETC, South Korea’s University of Ulsan, theChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang City in China,
and Penang in Malaysia as well as Japanese research
institutions and the private sector. The forum featured
presentations and Q&A sessions on national and

7th Asia-Pacific Eco-Business Forummunicipal environmental initiatives, proposed green innovations, and overseas expansion ofenvironmental technologies. GEC presented a report on the results of the Eco-town Workshop
held in Bandung, Indonesia in September 2010 as well as private sector and local government
initiatives and their innovative ideas and successes in promoting the recycling industry inJapanese eco-towns. The report was well received by participants from developing nations forproviding valuable information.

Organizing the Consultative Workshop on Water Footprint, Neutrality & Efficiency
UNEP has been implementing the ‘Water Footprint,
Neutrality & Efficiency’ project since 2009. In order
to discuss the progress and future direction of thisConsultative Workshop on
Water Footprint, Neutrality& Efficiency
The workshop’s presentationmaterials are available on
GEC’s website.

project, IETC and GEC co-organized the ‘Consultative
Workshop on Water Footprint, Neutrality & Efficiency*’from 1 to 3 June 2010. The workshop featured reports
and discussions on methods to assess the impact ofwater use based on water footprint (WF) when planningand reviewing regional & national water policies andConsultative Workshop on Water Footprint,
Neutrality & Efficiency

private sector projects, comparison of currently-proposed WF calculation methods, the future
direction of WF in the context of ISO standardization, and UNEP’s future plans for the project.
Meanwhile, GEC reported on the results of its WF survey conducted in 2009. On the final dayof the workshop, an open session inviting participants from the private sector and public washeld, with presentations on WF concepts and objectives, corporate initiatives, the backgroundand challenges of WF, and the present status of ISO standardization.

ColumnWhat is water footprint?
‘Water footprint’ is a measure of water appropriation from goods and services derived through the
integration of water consumption over the complete production and supply chain (direct and indirect
water use).
What is water neutrality?
‘Water neutrality’ refers to the reduction and offsetting of the negative externalities resulting fromthe water footprint of a unit of analysis, such as product, service, individual consumer, business orother organization.
What is IETC’s WaFNE project?
IETC’s project on WaFNE (Water Footprint, Neutrality and Efficiency) is being implemented jointlywith two Branches of UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (DTIE) – one is
Sustainable Consumption and Production Branch and the other is UNEP Financial Initiative. The
project addresses the growing need to further enhance water efficiency and to improve water
quality more holistically, by applying two concepts of ‘water footprint’ and ‘water neutrality.’

4

GEC 2010

Promoting the Dissemination of Information on ESTs
In 1996, GEC developed a series of databases known as ‘New Environmental Technology
Transfer in the 21st Century’ (NETT21*) and made them available on the GEC website todisseminate and transfer environmental technologies to developing nations. Since then, GEC
have continually updated the content of NETT21’s databases including the ‘Water Pollution
Control Technology in Japan’ database in 2005, the ‘Waste Management Technology in

NETT21
Short for the ‘New
Environmental Technology
Transfer in the 21st Century’,NETT21 is a collection of
GEC databases containing
information on environmental
technologies.

Japan’ database in 2006, and the ‘Cleaner Production Technology in Japan’ database in 2008.
In 2010, GEC began collecting technical information relating to resource/energy recovery fromsewage sludge. GEC also disseminates Japan’s environmental technology information abroad
by responding to numerous inquiries on NETT21 from overseas.
The Number of Data Listings for Each Topic:• Air Pollution Control Technology in Japan: 133• Waste Management Technology in Japan: 42• Water Pollution Control Technology in Japan: 81• On-Site Green Technique (OGT) in Japan: 83• Air Pollution Continuous Monitoring Technology in Japan: 83• Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring Technology in Japan: 53• Cleaner Production Technology in Japan: 235• Energy-Saving Technology at Business-Related Buildings: 69• Soil and Groundwater Contamination Survey and Countermeasure Technologies: 37• Japanese Advanced Environmental Equipment (provided by JSIM): 621
NETT21

Total: 1,437 data listings as of 31 March 2011

International Cooperation in Developing Countries
Project on Support for Building a Community-Based Recycle-Oriented System in Viet
Nam’s Ha Long Bay Area
Ha Long Bay is situated in the northwest of the Gulf of Tonkin to the north of Viet Nam. One of
the world’s most visually stunning locations, it was designated as a UNESCO World Heritagesite in 1994 but measures are now required to address the recent increase in pollution.
The ‘Project on Support for Building a Community-Based Recycle-Oriented System inViet Nam’s Ha Long Bay Area’ is a JICA grassroots technical cooperation project being
implemented by GEC in collaboration with Osaka Prefecture University for 3 years from
October 2009 to October 2012. The project’s activities aim to reduce the load of emissions into
Ha Long Bay from floating communities and tour boat operators, and are carried out with thecooperation of local counterparts Ha Long Bay Management Department, the Women’s Unionand the Youth Union.
Ha Long Bay
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Located northwest of
the Gulf of Tonkin in
the northern part of Viet
Nam, Ha Long Bay is
a place world-famous
for its scenic beauty
and was placed on the
UNESCO World Natural
Heritage List in 1994.

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Ha Long Bay

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A floating
community in
Ha Long Bay

GEC 2010

5

Activities in
Fiscal Year 2010

International Cooperation: Technical Support for Developing Countries

Activities in 2010
Main Activity

Description

Waste survey

Continuing on from 2009, the project team surveyedseasonal waste generation (spring & summer of 2010)
with the cooperation of 1 floating community and 2
tourist boat operators. The survey results indicatedthat: ash from coal briquettes accounted for most of
the waste in the floating communities; residents were
working to reduce their waste by using food scraps as
fish, chicken & dog feed and; food scraps accounted
for most of the waste from the tourist boat operators
but some operators were actively working to reduce
this waste by preparing their food on land.

Waste reduction

Floating community waste
collection boat

The project team visited a local cement factory and awaste composting plant to discuss their acceptanceof coal briquette ash & food scraps. The team also
performed experiments etc. on compost method
selection and organized a seminar for tourist boat
operators.

Household composting experiment
Reduction of pollutant
load in wastewater

Environmental education& awarenessTraining environmental
leaders

After surveying how the floating communities wash
their dishes and clothes, the project team decided
to raise awareness to encourage the use of acrylic
scrubbing pads and reduce overuse of laundry
detergent. The team also distributed acrylic scrubbing
pads to all households in 2 floating communities andprovided training to core local leaders. In addition, theteam organized a seminar for residents in 1 floating
community to raise awareness on these issues.
The project team conducted a lecture entitled ‘What
happens when we pollute the sea?’ and a lecture
on basic water quality monitoring in 2 floating
community elementary schools to raise awarenessof the marine environment among children. A pilot
mangrove planting project was also conducted by
Osaka Prefecture University in preparation for a fullscale mangrove planting initiative scheduled for 2011
(mainly implemented by Osaka Prefecture University).
From 20 to 23 July 2010, the project team provided
training for 15 members of the Ha Long Bay
Management Department, Women’s Union, Youth
Union, floating communities and tourist boat operators
in Viet Nam. The training consisted of lectures
on water environments, waste & environmental
education, and site visits to waste sorting andreduction initiatives in Ha Long and Hanoi. The teamalso provided training to 5 representatives from the HaLong Bay Management Department, Women’s Union
and Youth Union etc. in Japan (Osaka/Shiga) from
1 to 12 November introducing Japan’s approaches
to environmental protection as well as experiences
and case studies on environmental rehabilitation andmitigation, and allowing the participants to experienceenvironmental activities.

6

GEC 2010

Training for fostering environmental
leaders

Class at floating community
elementary school

Education & training ofenvironmental activity leaders(Japan)Contribution to Measures for the Mitigation of Climate Change

CDM*/JI* Feasibility Study Programme
Since our commission by the Ministry of the Environment (MOE) in 1999 as secretariat of the
CDM/JI Feasibility Study Programme, GEC has managed the progress of CDM/JI feasibility
studies (FSs) performed byprivate companies, and has

9:C<bem&=;9Fhe`[Yji
9:CFheY[iiworked to unearth promisingprojects, accumulate knowledge,
and disseminate information
useful for project development& implementation. In 2010,
GEC recruited, selected andimplemented feasibility studies
for projects and activities relating
to new flexible mechanisms

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scheduled to be implemented
under the framework after the first

Ced_jeh_d]commitment period of the Kyoto
Protocol, in addition to existing

9;HL[h_\_YWj_ed%9[hj_\_YWj_ed%?iikWdY[

CDM/JI project feasibility studies.

CDM/JI Feasibility Studies
GEC solicited, selected and implemented CDM/JI
FSs with the aims of acquiring carbon credits forachievement of Japan’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emission
reduction targets in the first commitment period of
the Kyoto Protocol, and improving existing CDM/JI
systems. In 2010, we sought project proposals according
to 3 categories: projects that contribute to systemdevelopment; projects to develop new methodologies& revise existing methodologies; and projects that are

Programmatic CDM on the Biogas Utility
Programme for Rural Cities

highly-feasible. We also promoted CDM projects thatrealize co-benefits by requesting project operators
to assess the benefits of their project in reducing
environmental pollution as well as reducing GHG
emissions.
Furthermore, we set up an expert committee toclosely manage and support the progress of the FSs
while providing useful, specific advice on study details
and project realization.

Programme CDM to Introduce the HighPerformance Tenters to the Dye Works

As a result, new methodologies were prepared andvalidation assessments were initiated according to theselection category, and project design documents (PDDs)
were prepared for all projects towards validation*.

CDM (Clean Development
Mechanism)
One of the flexible
mechanisms (Kyoto
Mechanisms) introduced toachieve the greenhouse gas
reduction targets containedin the Kyoto Protocol. Whena developed country (investor
country) provides funds andtechnical assistance for the
implementation of a project
which leads to a reduction ingreenhouse gas emissions ina developing country (hostcountry), credits (CER) are
issued for the amount of
reduced emissions.
A developed country canthen use these credits toachieve its own emission
reduction target.
JI (Joint Implementation)
A Kyoto Mechanism like
CDM, Joint Implementation
is a system whereby
developed nations cooperate
to implement projects to
reduce greenhouse gases,
with one developed nation(the host nation) issuing
credits called Emission
Reduction Units (ERUs) afterconverting a corresponding
amount of Assigned AmountUnits (AAUs), and the otherdeveloped nation (investor
nation) able to use those
ERUs to achieve their own
emission reduction targets.
Validation
Assesses whether a
proposed project is suitable
for adoption as a CDM.
Carried out by an accreditedorganization designated by
CMP known as a ‘DesignatedOperational Entity’ (DOE).
Validation of JI is referred
to as ‘determination’, and isconducted by an accredited
independent entity (AIE)accredited by the Joint
Implementation Supervisory
Committee (JISC).

To date, 6 methodologies have been approved (with
1 other currently under application) and 11 projects havebeen registered by the CDM Executive Board, while anumber of others are currently in the validation stage.

NAMA in the Transportation Sector

GEC 2010

7

Activities in
Fiscal Year 20102010 CDM/JI Feasibility
StudiesPlease refer to the GEC
website for further details on
the study reports.

International Cooperation: Technical Support for Developing Countries

List of 2010 CDM/JI Feasibility Studies*
Aim

Project Category

FS

Country

To Expand
SchemeApplicability

Reforestation

Eucommia ulmoides Reforestation

China

Waste Management

Programmatic CDM on the Biogas Utility Programme for Rural
CitiesBangladesh

Biomass Utilization

Biodiesel Fuel (BDF) Production from Organic Oils of Jatrophaand Usage for Transportation Vehicles

Viet Nam

Energy Efficiency
Improvement

Programme CDM to Introduce the High-Performance Tenters to
the Dye Works

China

Programmatic CDM on Energy Efficiency Activities Using Idling
Stop Equipments for Buses

China

Introduction of Fuel Efficiency Improvement Technologies toMotorcycle

Viet Nam

Programmatic CDM for Municipal Solid Waste Composting

Viet Nam

Multiple CDM of the Solid Waste Intermediate Treatment
Facility and Methane Gas Power Generation

Malaysia

CDM Project for Pineapple Waste-to-Energy

Philippines

Achieving CDM Using Electric Power Generated by Waste
Disposal Site Gas and Sewage Sludge Treatment Gas

China

Biomass Utilization

Programmatic CDM for Biomass (Gliricidia) Utilisation for
Thermal Energy to Be Used at Industrial Facilities

Sri Lanka

Biomass-based Power Generation by Utilization of Rice Husks

Thailand

Renewable Energy

Feasibility Study on Wind Power Generation CDM Project

EcuadorEnergy Efficiency
Improvement

Energy Saving Project through Coal Moisture Control (CMC)
Technique

China

Waste Heat Recovery Project

China

Ventilation Air Methane Power Generation Project at Dafosi
Coal Mine

China

To Develop New
Methodologies

Transportation

To Realize
Highly-Feasible
Projects
Waste Management

OthersNew Flexible Mechanism
Feasibility Studies
Please refer to the GEC
website for further details on
the study reports.

New Flexible Mechanism Feasibility Studies
New Flexible Mechanism FSs were first sought, adopted and implemented in 2010 ascase studies to gather useful information for system design discussions on new flexible
mechanisms currently being examined in global negotiations for implementation under the
future framework following the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol.
Specifically, we sought FS proposals for ‘Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions’

NAMAs (Nationally
Appropriate Mitigation
Actions by developing
countries)(NAMAs*) that could apply new approaches; including methods for calculating GHG emissions,

Climate change mitigation
actions implemented in
response to the individual
circumstances ofdeveloping nations. The
term was first referred toin the COP13 Bali Action
Plan. Developing nations
requested submission of alist of NAMAs in the COP15
Copenhagen Accord, andcreation of the NAMA
Registry was incorporated
into COP16 Cancun. This
registry contains NAMAs
for which support is sought
in order to facilitate theirfunding.

were subsequently selected, and have since examined proposed methods of ‘measurement,

8

GEC 2010

to areas/projects in which the application of existing mechanisms has proven difficult, andthat could collect information on the outcomes of these new approaches. Three NAMA FSs
reporting, verification’ (MRV) the anticipated GHG emission reductions of target projects/
activities.
We established an expert committee to manage the progress of the NAMA FSs in thesame manner as the CDM/JI FSs, and also set up an expert task force to support their study
activities. Task force meetings were held to promote FS progress by facilitating discussions
with the FS entities and providing expert advice while establishing consensus on the courseof action and matters to be studied. We also established host country committees in efforts
to consult with host nation counterparts and share information on new flexible mechanism
approaches with the host nation’s governments.
List of 2010 New Flexible Mechanism Feasibility Studies*Type
Nationally
Appropriate
Mitigation
Actions(NAMAs)

Project Category

FS

Country

Waste Management

Feasibility Study for NAMA in Waste and Wastewater
Management Sector

ThailandTransportation

Feasibility Study on NAMA in the Transport Sector

Lao P.D.R.

OthersFeasibility Study on Sustainable Peatland Management inIndonesia under NAMAs

Indonesia

CDM/JI & New Flexible Mechanism Feasibility Studies in 2010

GZ[dgZhiVi^dc

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IgVchedgiVi^dc

7^dbVhhJi^a^oVi^dc
GZcZlVWaZ:cZg\nDi]ZghColumnWhat are new flexible mechanisms?
Negotiations on the framework to succeed the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol havebeen characterized by a difference of opinions between developing nations who assert that theirdeveloped parties must first set ambitious reduction targets, and developed nations who argue
that the handling of complementary measures including flexible mechanisms needs to be decided
before reduction targets can be set. These flexible mechanisms advocated by developed nations
include new systems in addition to the existing CDM and JI. (collectively referred to as ‘new flexible
mechanisms’, but a clear definition is yet to be established.)
The basic concept of new flexible mechanisms is to utilize market principles without being
limited to a project-based approach, but less apparent is the underlying desire to target initiatives
with greater economies of scale than CDM/JI projects. Specifically, these new flexible mechanisms
could be described as an attempt to make ‘creditable’ the GHG reduction effects (or part thereof)of REDD*, NAMAs, and sector-based approaches. Based on bilateral agreements with host nation,
the Government of Japan has proposed the ‘Bilateral Offset Credit Mechanism (BOCM)’ to obtain
credits for the emission reduction benefits achieved by transferring Japan’s sophisticated green
technologies to developing nations to help establish low-carbon societies.
However, none of these new flexible mechanisms have been officially adopted at this stage, andeven if their GHG reduction effects were recognized, they are not creditable without a means forquantitative assessment. Given the current trend in international negotiations towards conducting
quantitative assessments based on international or domestic MRV standards, the setting ofreference scenarios* becomes an important starting point for calculating emission reduction
benefits. To that end, the new flexible mechanism FSs overseen by GEC are reviewing these issues,
and we expect that the resulting knowledge, experiences and outcomes will also prove useful infuture international negotiations.

REDD (Reducing Emissions
from Deforestation andforest Degradation indeveloping countries)
initiative to curb CO2 output
by preventing deforestation(including forest fires) andforest degradation (depletionof forest carbon storage)
which accounts for aconsiderable share of global
GHG emissions. Measures
are currently being discussed
to promote the REDD+
initiative which goes beyond
REDD to include forest
conservation, sustainable
forest management andenhancement of forest
carbon stock.
Reference Scenario
A plausible scenario of
GHG emissions without
the implementation of new
flexible mechanism projects/
activities.

GEC 2010

9

Activities in
Fiscal Year 2010

‘CDM/JI Symposium 2010’
Participants:
Tokyo: 225
Osaka: 74

International Cooperation: Technical Support for Developing Countries

Hosting of the CDM/JI Symposium 2010*
GEC co-hosted the ‘CDM/JI Symposium 2010’ with MOE
in Tokyo on 1 September and Osaka on 2 September
2010 to provide the latest information on CDM/JI andother GHG mitigation measures. The symposium featured
expert presentations delivering the latest information on
ways to improve CDM/JI systems and approaches to
MRV of emission reduction effects under new flexible
mechanisms. It also included reports from private entities‘CDM/JI Symposium 2010’ in Tokyo

that conducted CDM/JI feasibility studies in 2009 on CDM schematic improvements and new
flexible mechanisms, particularly REDD, new methodologies, and programmatic CDM (3 FSs
each in Tokyo and Osaka), followed by discussions between CDM/JI experts and FS entities onchallenges and solutions towards project implementation.
Collection and Distribution of CDM/JI-related Information
Conference of the Parties(COP)
The supreme decisionmaking body of the UNFCCC.
Held annually.

GEC attended the 16th Conference of the Parties tothe United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (COP16)* and the 6th Conference of the Parties
serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto
Protocol (CMP6)* held in Cancun, Mexico from 29

Conference of the Parties
serving as the meeting of
the Parties to the Kyoto
Protocol (CMP)The supreme decisionmaking body in regards tothe implementation of the
Kyoto Protocol. Held annually.

November to 10 December 2010, where we collected
information on CDM/JI and new flexible mechanisms
both at the conference and official side events. GEC

COP16 (Cancun, Mexico)

operated an exhibition booth where we introduced CDM/JI FSs adopted in 2010, as well as
FSs on new flexible mechanisms. We also distributed the MOE's ‘CDM/JI Manual for Project
Developers and Policy Makers 2010’ and CD-ROMs ‘GHG Mitigation Flexible Mechanism
Support Programme−Activities of Japan’ to disseminate information on initiatives being
undertaken with MOE and affiliated organizations, and provided an overview of FSs to hostnation government officials to seek their cooperation and support on study and project

Osaka CDM Network
A network established in
February 2004 by GEC,OISCA Kansai Branch andBusiness Innovation Centre
Osaka to promote active
participation and independent
initiatives in the CDM/JI by
companies located in the
Kansai region. The Network
aims to provide workshops
and other practical forums
and currently has 23 member
organizations as of July 2011.

implementation.
GEC also hosted an official side event to foster a shared understanding of new mechanisms
by delivering a presentation on the anticipated outcomes of the new flexible mechanism FSs.
By publishing information collected at the conference and side events on the GEC website,
we provided support to businesses in Japan involved in CDM/JI and new flexible mechanism
initiatives.
Osaka CDM Network*
GEC undertook the following activities in 2010 in its
capacity as secretariat of the Osaka CDM Network
composed of member organizations.
• Hosting of member-oriented seminars on REDD

Carbon Offset
A means to partially or
wholly compensate for CO2
emissions that inevitably
arise in the course of socialand economic activities
and that cannot be curbed
by conventional reduction
efforts by purchasing actual
reductions/absorption(credits) achieved elsewhere.

10

GEC 2010• Convening of ‘Carbon Offset* Awareness Raising
Seminar in Kansai 2010’ as part of ‘Osaka Carbon
Offset Concierge (OCONOMI)’ activities (3 separate
sessions targeting local governments, members ofOsaka Carbon Conference 2010

the public & the private sector)• Hosting of ‘Osaka Carbon Conference 2010’ on the results of COP16• Disseminating information & responding to queries via our website

Activities in
Fiscal Year 2010

Training of Environmental Technology

Human Resource Development in Developing Countries

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Group Training Project
GEC operated the following 8 JICA-commissioned group training courses for engineers andgovernment officials from developing countries. In 2010, GEC launched the Japan-Mexico
Exchange Programme ‘Total Environmental Contamination Control’ training course to provide
training to students and young engineers as part of a bilateral cultural exchange.
The participants in each course presented a ‘Country Report*’ at the start of each course toshare awareness of their nations’ respective environmental issues, and an ‘Action Plan*’ at theend of the training specifying their intended objectives upon repatriation.
GEC will continue to provide training while coordinating with affiliates in order to respondto changing needs in courses that are in high demand in developing nations. We will also
strengthen our partnerships with research & affiliate organizations to cater to the strong
demand from developing nations for new environmental training.
Training
periodNationality ofparticipants

Main course
contents

Japan-Mexico Exchange Programme ‘Total Environmental Contamination Control’*6 May–
26 November
2010

2 participantsfrom Mexico

Cooperating bodies• Osaka Bay Regional Offshore Environmental Improvement Center • Osaka City
Port and Harbor Bureau • Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental
Sciences • National Institute for Environmental Studies, etc.
Lectures• Environmental policy frameworks, etc.
Facility tours• Waste landfill site • Air pollution monitoring system, etc.
PurposeTo develop the participant’s capacity in the field of comprehensive environmental
contamination control by providing a broad range of relevant expertise andexperience through participation in multiple JICA group training courses.

Country Report
A report prepared by eachparticipant describing theenvironmental administration
system, environmental
situation and other related
issues in his/her country.
These Country Reports arepresented at the start of the
training course to minimize
the gap in issue awarenessbetween trainees andinstructors.
Action Plan
A plan prepared by each of
the trainees to improve theenvironment in their own
country based on knowledge
acquired during the training.
Trainees present their Action
Plan at the end of the training
and receive advice fromcourse instructors and GEC
personnel on how to improve
its feasibility.

Japan-Mexico
Exchange Programme‘Total Environmental
Contamination Control’

Environmental Policy & Environmental Management System*
17 May–2 July2010

8 participantsfrom
Cote d’Ivoire (2),Egypt (1),Indonesia (2),Kosovo (2),Mexico (1)Cooperating bodies• Osaka City Environment Bureau • United Nations Centre for Regional Development• Research Institute for Environmental Strategies • United Nations University, etc
Lectures• Environmental administration in Japan • Environmental Management System, etc.
Facility tours• Sewage treatment plant • Waste incineration plant, etc.
PurposeTo master pragmatic and practical methodologies, such as the framing of environmental
policies, techniques of the environmental assessment, guiding corporation policies,
Environmental Management Systems and methods of enlightening citizens.

Visit to waste landfill site

Environmental Policy &Environmental
Management System

Pollution Controls for Hazardous Substances in the Environment*
14 June–6 August
2010

7 participantsfrom Algeria (1),
El Salvador (1),Jordan (1),Philippines (1),
Saudi Arabia (1),The former
Yugoslav
Republic ofMacedonia (1),Viet Nam (1)Cooperating bodies• Department of Environment, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Osaka Prefectural
Government • Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka
Prefectural Government • Environmental Management and Technology Center in Kansai• Minamata City Government • Toyama Prefectural Government• Kyoei Mesona Inc. • Daiei Kankyo Co., Ltd. • Cypres Corporation, etc.
Lectures• History of hazardous metals • victim relief/compensation systems, etc
Practical training• River water sampling & analysis • Analysis of heavy metals in industrial waste, etc.
Facility tours• Medical waste treatment facility • Minamata Disease Municipal Museum, etc.
PurposeTo develop well-qualified human resources who are able to collectively evaluateemission sources and environmental contamination by heavy metals and hazardous
chemical substances and to establish preventive measures against environmental
pollution.

Field trip to Tsurumi
Recycling Centre

Pollution Controls for
Hazardous Substances inthe Environment

Visit to soil restoration project

GEC 2010

11

Activities in
Fiscal Year 2010

Training
periodUrban Solid Waste
Management by Local
Government

Training of Environmental Technology

Nationality ofparticipants

Urban Solid Waste Management by Local Government*
23 August–
19 October2010

9 participantsfrom Jamaica (1),Maldives (1),Mongolia (2),Sri Lanka (2),Turkey (1),Uruguay (1),Viet Nam (1)Field trip to vehicle
dismantling plant

TRAINING PROGRAMMEFOR YOUNG LEADERS,
Latin American Countries,
Urban Environmental
Management

26 August–
7 September
2010

11 participantsfrom Bolivia (1),Chile (1),
Costa Rica (2),Cuba (1),
El Salvador (2),Guatemala (1),Mexico (3)Field trip to Hishikari Mine

12

GEC 2010

Cooperating bodies• Osaka City Public Works Bureau • Department of Environment, Agriculture,
Forestry and Fisheries, Osaka Prefectural Government • International Lake
Environment Committee (ILEC) • Hotani Natural Farm • NPO Aoibiwako, etc.
Lectures• Japan’s environmental measures • History of hazardous metals, etc.
Facility tours• Sewage treatment plant • Water purification plant • Composting facility, etc.
PurposeTo improve knowledge & awareness towards problem-solving initiatives among
young human resources responsible for future nation-building through basic training
to understand Japan's experiences & technologies in specialized fields.

Countermeasure against Automobile Pollution in Urban Area*
27 September–
12 November
2010

8 participantsfrom Egypt (2),Lao P.D.R (2),Mongolia (1),Philippines (1),Sri Lanka (1),Viet Nam (1)Nitrogen oxides analysis
practice

Waste Effluent Pollution
Control Caused by Mining
and Manufacturing
Industries for Central andSouth America

Cooperating bodies• Osaka City Environment Bureau • Fukuoka University and other universities• National Institute for Environmental Studies • Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd.
• Panasonic Eco Technology Center Co., Ltd., etc.
Lectures• Outline of waste treatment • Industrial waste treatment planning etc.
Facility tours• Participation in volunteer beautification activities• Household appliance recycling facility • Industrial waste treatment facility, etc.
PurposeTo develop leaders and core people who can play a major role in making solid waste
treatment plans and in implementing treatment businesses in their countries.

TRAINING PROGRAMME FOR YOUNG LEADERS, Latin American Countries,
Urban Environmental Management*

Field trip to sewage
treatment plant

Countermeasure against
Automobile Pollution in
Urban Area

Main course
contents

Cooperating bodies• Osaka City Environment Bureau • Osaka City University• Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Kinki Regional Development Bureau• Hyogo Prefectural Police Headquarters • Hanshin Expressway Co., Ltd.
• Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation • National Traffic Safety and Environment
Laboratory • Metropolitan Expressway Co., Ltd. • Sagawa Express Co., Ltd., etc.
Lectures• Economic development & environmental issues • Urban transport & theenvironment • Pollution victims and opposition movements, etc.
Facility tours• Traffic control system • Vehicle Inspection Centre • Monitoring stations, etc.
PurposeTo formulate & implement automobile pollution prevention plans etc. in target
countries to resolve air pollution problems caused by city-based vehicles from the dual
perspectives of environmental countermeasure technologies & urban transport policies.

Waste Effluent Pollution Control Caused by Mining and Manufacturing Industries for Central
and South America*
11 November–
10 December
2010

14 participants,
fromArgentina (3),
Bolivia (2),
Costa Rica (2),Cuba (3),Peru (4)Cooperating bodies• Osaka City Environment Bureau • Osaka City Public Works Bureau • National
Institute for Minamata Disease • Iwate Prefectural Government, Residential Life andEnvironment Department • Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corpoartion• Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. • Satosen Co., Ltd. • Harmonix Co., Ltd., etc.
Lectures• Soil contamination control measures • Industrial wastewater control • Mine safety laws, etc.
Facility tours• Mines • Treatment facility for wastewater containing heavy metals, etc.
PurposeTo draw up effective solutions and policies to mitigate environmental destruction
and pollution in relevant countries, caused by hazardous substances contained in
effluent from mining and manufacturing industries.

Training
periodNationality ofparticipants

Main course
contents

Capacity Development in Environmental Management (Air and Water Pollution Control)
for Middle Eastern Countries*
14 January–
25 February
2011

7 participantsfrom Egypt (3),
Lebanon (1),Palestinian
National
Authority (1),Syria (2)Cooperating bodies• Department of Environment, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Osaka Prefectural
Government • Osaka City Environment Bureau• Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences• Hannan Elementary School • Japan Water Agency• The Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute for Environmental Protection• IDEA Consultants, Inc. • Nakayama Steel Works, Ltd.
• Osaka Environmental Technology and Research Co., Ltd.
• DELICA I FOODS Co., Ltd. • Taiyo Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
• Toray Industries, Inc., etc.
Lectures• Legal systems for management of enclosed coastal areas• Osaka municipal sewerage projects• Techniques for estimating water contamination, etc.
Facility tours• Sewage treatment plant• Practical environmental education at elementary school, etc.
PurposeTo enhance the environmental management capacity of central and local
government organizations in the target countries to formulate and execute policies
and regulatory techniques in the areas of air & water pollution prevention.

GEC Networking Project for Former Training Participants*
In an effort to follow up on former JICA participants
and ascertain the needs of developing nations, GEC
established the ‘GEC Network’ for former training
course participants in 1998, publishes the ‘GEC PLAZA’

Capacity Developmentin Environmental
Management (Air andWater Pollution Control) for
Middle Eastern Countries

Water sampling from biotope
pond at an elementary school

GEC Networking Projectfor Former Training
Participants
There are 1,263 overseas
GEC participants on the
network in 114 countries.
(as of March 2011)

newsletter and ‘Connect the World’ e-mail newsletter,and conducts follow-up seminars* to consolidate the
network through the exchange of information.
We continued to support the exchange of information
between members of the JICA-GEC Network in 2010

Plenary lecture by Japan delegation
instructors

by conducting questionnaire surveys over the network's
members-only website.
We also visited Viet Nam from 6 to 10 March 2011
with JICA’s cooperation to conduct a needs-based followup seminar on waste management and wastewater
treatment, and visited a local composting plant. The
follow-up seminar on 8 March was attended by about
50 people including former JICA participants. It featured

Viet Nam follow-up seminar

plenary lectures from the Japanese delegation entitled ‘Waste Plastics Recycling Technology
for the Society’ and ‘Waste Treatment & Global Warming’. GEC also gave presentations on thehistory of Japan’s water contamination measures and a JICA grassroots technical cooperation
project being conducted with Osaka Prefecture University known as the ‘Project on Support

Follow-up Seminar
Held in countries where
Network membership is high,the theme of each seminar isintended to reflect the specificneeds of that country. Theseseminars were previously
known as ‘One Day Seminars’
until 2008.
• Thailand & Philippines(March 1999)• Malaysia & Viet Nam(January 2000)• Indonesia (February 2001)• Egypt (March 2002)• Thailand (March 2005)• Cuba (March 2007)• Philippines (March 2008)• Indonesia (March 2009)• Peru (February 2010)• Viet Nam (March 2011)

for Building a Community-based Recycling System in Viet Nam’s Ha Long Bay Area’ (seePage 5). Meanwhile, the former Vietnamese training course participants from Hanoi and Ho
Chi Minh reported on hazardous industrial waste management and a wastewater monitoring
system. On 9 and 10 March, the seminar participants visited a Hanoi composting plant and HaLong Bay. At the composting plant, the participants observed the processes and operations
GEC 2010

13

Activities in
Fiscal Year 2010

Training of Environmental Technology

from waste collection to compost manufacture. At Ha Long Bay, GEC introduced the details of
the above-mentioned support project to the Vietnamese participants.
GEC will carry out more follow-up seminars in the future to support sustainable
development in developing nations
Upgrading the GEC Participants Network
1998

GEC commenced one-day seminar and publication of newsletters

May 2001

Full-scale operation of the GEC Information Board began

April 2002

GEC Network expanded to include four environmental JICA training courses offered by the Osaka City Government

May 2003

JICA training course curriculum text made available online

April 2004

Country reports, other reports and photo album made available online

April 2005

Change of the website’s name to the ‘JICA-GEC Network’

January 2007 Publication of mail magazine ‘Connect the World’ begins
March 2009

Publication of questions from training course participants commences

Network Member Distribution Diagram (As of March 2011):jgdeZ6gZV^cXajY^c\C>HXdjcig^Zh/()<:8
B^YYaZ:Vhi6gZV/-&

8ZcigVa6bZg^XV&
8Vg^WWZVc6gZV/&+,Hdji]6bZg^XV6gZV/&.'6[g^XV6gZV/'%*DXZVc^V6gZV/,%6h^V6gZV/*&)Dissemination of Environmental Management Systems (EMS)

Operating the ‘Internal Environmental Auditor Training Course’
GEC established the ‘Internal Environmental Auditor Training Course’ for environmental
auditors in the private and public sectors. The course lectures provide essential information on
creating and operating environmental management systems (EMS). In 2010, the course wasundertaken by 12 people.
Dissemination of EMS Overseas
GEC helped disseminate EMSs to developing and other nations by enhancing the content of
EMS lectures offered in the JICA group training.

14

GEC 2010

Activities in
Fiscal Year 2010

PR and Educational Activities

Promotion of IETC Projects & Joint PR

GEC distributed the GEC Newsletter (Japanese & English) and Annual Report to affiliatedorganizations, and performed timely PR activities via our website and other media to introduce

GEC Publications
Please refer to page 19.

the activities of IETC and GEC to a wider audience. We also screened a PR video and provided
explanations of our facilities to visitors.
Key events hosted in 2010
Date

Event

Host

20 November
2010‘Tour of the World’s Water’ public lecture seriesPart 1: ‘Traditional water practice in the Middle East’
Venue: Osaka Municipal Central Library
Description: IETC Project Officer Fukuhara introduced Middle Eastern traditional
water distribution system (‘qanat’) currently being reconsidered as effective
technology for sustainable use of limited water resources.

• IETC• GEC• Osaka
Municipal
Central Library

4 December
2010‘Tour of the World’s Water’ public lecture seriesPart 2: ‘Water Footprint’
Venue: Osaka Municipal Central Library
Description: Based on content of IETC’s international workshop on water footprint,
GEC introduced concept of water footprint and global water issues & how they
relate to Japan.

• IETC• GEC• Osaka
Municipal
Central Library

19 November–
1 December
2010

UNEP special exhibit ‘Nature in Iraq’
Venue: Osaka Municipal Central Library
Description: Featured photos, paintings & traditional crafts showcasing Iraq’s naturalenvironment & cultural heritage, and introduced UNEP’s efforts in Iraqi Marshlands.

• IETC• GEC• Osaka
Municipal
Central LibraryPart 1 of the ‘Tour of theWorld’s Water’ public lecture
seriesPart 2 of the ‘Tour of theWorld’s Water’ public lecture
seriesKey events attended in 2010
Date

Event

Participants

29 April
2010

Opening ceremony of ‘Challenge 24 Green Walkathon’Venue: Tsurumi Park (Osaka)
Description: Introduced GEC’s activities with a speech and promotional pamphlet.

• IETC• GEC

7–16 June
2010

Osaka City Environment Month event ‘Environmental Exhibition’Venue: Osaka City Hall
Description: Introduced GEC’s activities via a panel exhibit etc.

• IETC• GEC

12 September
2010

36th Tsurumi Ward Citizens Festival
Venue: Tsurumi Park (Osaka)
Description: Introduced GEC activities via display booth, promotional pamphlets& panel exhibit. Also operated the ‘Eco Declaration’ event. Displayed ‘Eco
Declarations’ of visitors at GEC booth.

• GEC

2–3 October
2010

Global Festa Japan 2010
Venue: Hibiya Park (Tokyo)
Description: Introduced GEC activities via display booth, promotional pamphlets &panel exhibit.

• GEC

18–29 October
2010

Interactive Fair for Biodiversity
Venue: Shiratori Park (Nagoya)
Description: Introduced GEC activities via display booth, promotional pamphlets &panel exhibit.

• IETC• GEC

5–6 February
2011

One World Festival
Venue: International House Osaka
Description: Outline of activities via display booth, pamphlet distribution, andpanel exhibit. Also, cooperated on quiz rally held at venue.

• IETC• GEC

Global Festa Japan 2010

One World Festival

GEC 2010

15

Activities in
Fiscal Year 2010

PR and Educational Activities / Provision of Facilities to IETC

Support for UNEP Special Envoy Activities

UNEP Special Envoy
Ms. Tokiko Kato
Since her appointment as
UNEP Special Envoy in
October 2000, Ms. Tokiko
Kato has been actively
involved in awareness-raising
activities through the media,
in addition to visiting areasof environmental concern
both in Japan and overseas
and encouraging the work of
involved parties and NGOs.
A report on Ms. Kato’s
activities as Special Envoy
is available on the GEC
website.

Visit to Bangladesh and Nepal
GEC has provided support for the activities of the UNEP Special Envoy Ms. Tokiko Kato* bothin Japan and abroad, including visits to areas of environmental concern and encouraging thework of NGOs and local communities since 2001.
In fiscal 2010, Ms. Kato visited Bangladesh and Nepal from 11 to 20 January 2011 toobserve and discuss the environmental issues facing each nation.
In Bangladesh, Ms. Kato met with Minister of State Dr. Hasan Mahmud and Grameen Bank
founder Dr. Muhammad Yunus to discuss environmental and agricultural issues, and thenvisited a well that had been built to prevent groundwater arsenic contamination and a waste
landfill site located in Dhaka. In Nepal, Ms. Kato met with Environment Minister Mr. Thakur
Sharma and International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) Director
General Mr. Andreas Schild to discuss climate change issue, and then visited the UNESCOWorld Heritage Site Chitwan National Park where she experienced Nepalese-style ecotourism.
Ms. Kato also held briefing sessions in Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture on 11 February andOsaka City on 12 February 2011 to share the results of her overseas visits with the public. The
Shiga session began with a report by Ms. Kato and a lecture by Kyoto University Professor
Emeritus Dr. Saburo Matsui, followed by a ‘talk show’ with Shiga Governor Dr. Yukiko Kada

Report by UNEP Special
Envoy Kato (Shiga)

discussing water and hygiene problems in developing nations; specifically the state of toilets
and methods for encouraging the spread of organic farming. At the Osaka session, the Mayorof Osaka City Mr. Kunio Hiramatsu presented the opening remarks, followed by the reportby Ms. Kato and a lecture by Japan Asian Association & Asian Friendship Society Deputy
Chairperson Ms. Junko Ohara. Next, a discussion was held with NPO Tuvalu Overview’s
Representative Director Mr. Shuichi Endo on waste issues, toilets and forest conservation indeveloping nations, and members of the audience participated in a discussion on ways toengage the public in international cooperation efforts.
Activities Highlights of Ms. Kato, UNEP Special Envoy
Date

Countries Visited

30 October 2000

Appointed as UNEP Special Envoy

17–27 April 2001

Visit to Thailand and Indonesia

10–19 August 2001

Visit to Mongolia

6–13 April 2002

Visit to Korea

2–4 June 2002

Attended the ‘WSSD PrepCom 4 Meeting’on sustainable development in Bali,
Indonesia

22–31 August 2002

16

GEC 2010

Inspection of government-built well in
Bangladesh (Bangladesh)

Attended and held a concert at ‘WSSD’
held in Johannesburg, South Africa

13–24 May 2003

Visit to Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan

8–18 September 2003

Visit to Fiji and Tonga

16–23 May 2004

Visit to India

19–28 July 2004

Visit to China

30 August–8 September
2005

Visit to Thailand and Sri Lanka

17–25 August 2006

Visit to Malaysia

13–23 August 2007

Visit to Viet Nam

21 May 2008

Visit to Fujimae Mudflats

12–22 August 2008

Visit to Australia

12 September 2008

Attended ‘ECO Asia Symposium’

12–24 April 2009

Visit to Fiji and Tuvalu

11–20 January 2011

Visit to Bangladesh and Nepal

Courtesy call to Grameen Bank Founder
Dr. Yunus (Bangladesh)

Discussion with ICIMOD Director General
Mr. Schild (Nepal)

Participation in CBD COP10 exhibition in Nagoya, JapanOn 29 October 2010, Ms. Kato attended the CBD COP10
exhibition ‘Interactive Fair for Biodiversity’ where she
introduced her activities to date as Special Envoy andappealed directly to audience members about the serious
state of environmental problems in developing countries
and the need for action.
Ms. Kato also attended the ‘UNEP Donation
Presentation Ceremony’ of the ‘Ink Cartridge Satogaeri

Donation presentation ceremony

Project*’ organized by 6 printer manufacturers together
with the Director of the UNEP Regional Office for Asia
& the Pacific (ROAP) Mr. Young-Woo Park. At theceremony, Ms. Kato distributed the ‘UNEP Special
Envoy 10th Anniversary Pamphlet’ to members of
the local media and spoke plainly about her activities
as UNEP Special Envoy over the past decade to theaccompaniment of songs and images.
Ms. Kato visited Shiratori Park where the Interactive

Closing event of Interactive Fair for
Biodiversity

The ‘Ink Cartridge
Satogaeri Project’
A joint initiative launched in
April 2008 by Brother, Canon,
Dell, Epson, Hewlett-Packard
Japan, and Lexmark tocollect and recycle used ink
cartridges from household
printers. The project donates¥3 from each collected
cartridge to UNEP as part ofthe project’s contribution togreen activities.

Fair for Biodiversity was held, and inspected an exhibit booth jointly operated by UNEP/IETC and Iraq’s Environment Ministry as well as booths operated by Japan’s Ministry ofEnvironment, WWF and GEC, while engaging in discussions with representatives from eachorganization on their conservation activities.
Ms. Kato also attended the fair’s closing event entitled ‘The Circle of Life - Towards the
Future’ where she appealed to the audience with the aid of songs and images about theneed for global cooperation on environmental conservation by drawing on the example of thewetlands agreement to protect migratory birds between the Fujimae Mudflats in Nagoya andGeelong in Australia.

Hosting of Seminars & Symposia
Hosting of ‘Towards the Realization of Low-carbon Societies in Japan & China’
On 15 June 2010, GEC co-hosted an international
symposium entitled ‘Towards the Realization of Lowcarbon Societies in Japan & China’ with UNEP/IETC
to commemorate the Shanghai World Expo. Part 1 ofthe symposium introduced the Shanghai World Expo
including China’s environmental considerations while
hosting the event, the philosophy behind Osaka’s exhibit,
and details of exhibits in the Osaka Pavilion. Part 2 of the

Panel discussion

symposium introduced initiatives and concepts for creation of a low-carbon society in China
from the perspective of international organizations, government, academics, and affiliatedgroups. Part 3 contained a discussion of the challenges and measures for Japan and China tobuild low-carbon societies in partnership, concluding that although Japan possesses individual
environmental technologies, it lacks an organized system capable of sufficiently harnessingthese technologies in China and elsewhere, and that a significant future challenge lies inmaking the Kansai region, which is a green technology hub, capable of assimilating thesetechnologies into a system that can be applied overseas.

GEC 2010

17

Activities in
Fiscal Year 2010

PR and Educational Activities / Provision of Facilities to IETC

Hosting of ‘Biodiversity Symposium - Enjoying Life with Living Creatures in Osaka’
In conjunction with the Osaka Institute for Environmental
Management, Osaka City Sports and Greenery
Association, Osaka International House Foundation and
GEC hosted the ‘Biodiversity Symposium - Enjoying Life
with Living Creatures in Osaka’ on 7 August 2010.
The symposium featured discussions on a range of
topics including conservation of Osaka’s biodiversity,
creation of a citizen-based conservation system andBiodiversity Symposium

biodiversity information platform, methods to utilize captured adventive species, raisingawareness, and the importance of interacting with nature.
GEC also participated in the ‘Interactive Fair for Biodiversity’ held in Nagoya in conjunction
with COP10 as a representative of the ‘Biodiversity Symposium Executive Committee’, where
we introduced the symposium’s outcomes along with Osaka City’s biodiversity conservation
initiatives.

Library use
The library is open on
Tuesday & Friday (excluding
public, year-end & New Yearholidays) from 10:00 to 12:00& 13:00 to 17:00. Visitors
are required to make an
appointment, and books may
be viewed and copied but
are not available for loan (asof March 2011).

Upkeep of the Library*

Since 1997, GEC has provided public access (by appointment) to the library containing
specialist literature on the global environment and especially UNEP-related publications. In
2009, we continued to improve the library by cataloging and expanding the list of available
publications such as UNEP-related literature and GEC reports. A list of the library’s UNEPrelated publications is also available on GEC’s website to promote the library’s use.
Stored publications: 7,621 including 551 UNEP-related books (as of 31 March 2011)

Maintenance and Enhancement of Information Systems

GEC has strived to maintain our information provision systems, and has implemented systemand software upgrades to enhance operational efficiency and ensure system stability andreliability.

18

GEC 2010

Activities in
Fiscal Year 2010

Publications List

Publications List

Publications in 2010
Publication name

Description

FormatSize/pages/date of publication

CDM/JI Symposium 2010

Survey reports from the 2009 CDM/JI
Feasibility Study Implementation Group(distributed on the day of the symposium)

BookletPDF

A4/57 pages
October 2010
(Japanese version)

Summary of the ‘Biodiversity Symposium Enjoying Life with Animals in Osaka’ held in
August 2010.

Booklet

A4/36 pages
March 2011
(Japanese version)

Report on Hosting of the‘Biodiversity Symposium Enjoying Life with Animals
in Osaka’1●

GEC Publications
Please visit the GEC website
for all of our publications in
PDF form.
CDM/JI Feasibility Study
Programme
Please refer to page 7–9.

Periodicals
Publication nameContents

FormatSize/pages/date of publication

GEC Newsletter No.38(Japanese version)

An introduction to
the activities of GEC

BookletPDF

A4/8 pages
August 2010

GEC Newsletter No.39

An introduction toBooklet

A4/8 pages(Japanese version)

the activities of GEC

PDF

February 2011

GEC Newsletter No.28(English version)

An introduction to
the activities of GEC

BookletPDF

A4/8 pages
October 2010

2●

GEC Newsletter No.29(English version)

An introduction to
the activities of GEC

BookletPDF

A4/8 pages
March 2011

3●

Global Environment Centre Foundation
Annual Report 2009 (Japanese version)

Report on project of GEC
for fiscal year 2009

BookletPDF

A4/20 pages
July 2010

4●

Global Environment Centre Foundation
Annual Report 2009 (English version)

Report on project of GEC
for fiscal year 2009

BookletPDF

A4/20 pages
September 2010

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Overview of the Global Environment Centre Foundation

Background of the Establishment

Establishment of the UNEP/DTIE/International Environmental Technology Centre
Beginning in the 1960s, Osaka City experienced a series of acute socio-environmental
issues on the back of rapid industrialization, such as air, noise and water pollution and land
subsidence. The city succeeded in substantially mitigating these problems, however, throughthe combined efforts of government and industry. Seeking to leverage these experiences forthe benefit of others, the Osaka City Government actively cooperated with developing nations
to help resolve their environmental problems, such as the formulation of a master plan toaddress air pollution in Shanghai, China.
In 1990, the International Garden and Greenery Exposition was held in Osaka based on thetheme of ‘harmonious coexistence between nature and mankind’. In anticipation of this event,
Osaka City announced its intention in August of 1989 to invite an international environmentalorganization to the city as a way of carrying on the spirit of the exposition and taking
advantage of Osaka’s experience in environmental conservation. The announcement was
followed by moves to attract relevant organizations, including an official invitation from Osaka
Mayor Masaya Nishio handed to the Executive Director of the United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP) Dr. Mostafa K. Tolba during his visit to Japan.
These efforts culminated in July 1990 with a proposal by Japan’s then Prime Minister
Toshiki Kaifu at the G7 Summit in Houston to establish a UNEP facility in Japan. In August of
the same year, Japan’s Ambassador to Kenya Mr. Naohiro Kumagai made a proposal to the
2nd Special Session of the UNEP Governing Council to set up the International Environmental
Technology Centre (IETC). In May of the following year, a resolution to establish IETC withthe mandate of promoting the adoption, application and operation of Environmentally Sound
Technologies (ESTs) in developing countries and countries with economies in transition was
unanimously approved at the 16th Session of the UNEP Governing Council. In October 1992,
UNEP Executive Director Tolba and Parliamentary Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs Mr. Koji
Kakizawa signed an agreement in Osaka on the founding of IETC in Osaka, which officiallycommenced operations in April 1994. Since April 2011, IETC operates in Osaka after its two
offices were merged into one office.
Note: official positions listed above were current at the dates listed.

Establishment of the Global Environment Centre Foundation
Following the UNEP Governing Council’s official decision to establish IETC in Japan, the Osaka
City Government set up the UNEP/IETC Osaka Planning Office on 3 July 1991 to investigate
IETC’s operations and to facilitate the establishment of a support foundation to be launched at
the start of 1992.
Following initial preparations by the Planning Office, the Global Environment Centre
Foundation (GEC) was launched as a UNEP support entity on 28 January 1992 with a capitalendowment from the Osaka prefectural and city governments.
In 2008, GEC subsequently filed an application for change of legal entity from anincorporated foundation to a public interest incorporated foundation on 27 October 2009 in
response to the 2008 enforcement of the three laws relating to reform of the public interest
corporation system. After receiving the approval of the Prime Minister, GEC made a new start
as a public interest incorporated foundation on 1 April 2010.
GEC was founded with the aim of contributing to the conservation of the environment
in developing nations and around the world by leveraging Japan’s wealth of conservation
knowledge and experience in support of UNEP’s urban environment conservation activities indeveloping nations, and undertaking activities to promote international cooperation to protect
the global environment.

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GEC’s Activities

In addition to providing various types of support to IETC such as facility sharing and project
collaboration, GEC also acts as an intermediary between IETC and its affiliated institutions inJapan to help ensure that its activities proceed smoothly and efficiently. Through activities
to protect the global environment including surveys & research, collection & disseminationof information, and hosting of training & seminars, GEC contributes to Japan’s international
efforts on the environment.
Name
Date of Establishment
Supervisory Authorities
Office Location
Endowments
Activities

Number of Staff

Global Environment Centre Foundation (GEC)
28 January 1992
Cabinet Office, Government of Japan
2-110 Ryokuchi-koen, Tsurumi-ku, Osaka 538-0036 Japan
Telephone: +81-6-6915-4121 Facsimile: +81-6-6915-0181
1,754,160,000 yen (as of 1 April 2011)(1) Projects in support of UNEP/DTIE/IETC stated aims of technical transfers and spreading
information on environmentally sound technologies (ESTs) to promote environmental
conservation in major urban areas of developing nations.
(2) Collection, dissemination, surveying & research of information on environmental
conservation in developing nations & the world as well as global warming countermeasures
to promote technical cooperation and foster human resources in developing nations.
(3) Other projects required to achieve GEC’s stated aims.
22 (as of 1 April 2011)

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References

Board Members of the Global Environment Centre Foundation

President

MIYAHARA, Hideo

President, National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology

Executive
Director

MOCHIZUKI, Katsuichi

Former Director General for Environmental Policy, Environment Bureau,
Osaka City Government (Former Managing Director, Osaka Bay Regional
Offshore Environmental Improvement Center)

Managing
Director

NISHIYAMA, Kenichiro Former Director General for Environmental Policy, Environment Bureau,

Directors

FUJIWARA, Yukinori

Osaka City Government
General Manager, Economic Research Department,
Kansai Economic Federation

NAKAGAWA, Masataka Director, Economy and Industry Division,
The Osaka Chamber of Commerce and Industry

SOURI, NorioYAGI, Yasuo

Professor Emeritus, Osaka City University
Former Senior Executive Director - Environmental Management,
Department of Environment, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries,
Osaka Prefectural Government

Auditors

Councilors

IWAMOTO, Kenichi
IWATANI, Motoi

Certified Tax Accountant

IZUMI, Masahiro
KAGAJYO, Toshimasa
KANEKO, Kumao
KATAOKA, Shigehiro
KATAYAMA, Toru
MIZUNO, Minoru
MORIOKA, Toru

Corporate Auditor, The Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc.

Attorney

General Manager, CSR and Environment Department, Osaka Gas Co., Ltd.
Chairperson, Japan Council on Energy & Security
Attorney
Executive Managing Director, Overseas Environmental Cooperation Center
Professor Emeritus, Osaka University
Professor, Faculty of Environmental and Urban Engineering,Kansai University (Professor Emeritus, Osaka University)

OE, KeikoSenior Executive Director - Environmental Management,
Department of Environment, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries,
Osaka Prefectural Government

SAKAI, Toshifumi

Director General, Osaka International Centre of the Japan International
Cooperation Agency

SUZUKI, Yutaka

Director, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies,
Kansai Research Centre (Professor Emeritus, Osaka University)

TAMAI, Tokuo

Director General, Environment Bureau, Osaka City Government(as of 1 July 2011, honorific omitted; name in alphabetical order <Surname>)

Overview of the UNEP/DTIE/IETC

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Name

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (DTIE)
International Environmental Technology Centre (IETC)

Date of Conclusion of
the Agreement between
Japanese Government
and UNEP

30 October 1992

MandatePromoting the application and transfer of Environmentally Sound Technologies (ESTs)
particularly among developing countries in the two key fields of ‘Waste Management’ and‘Water and Sanitation’Contacts

Osaka Office: 2-110 Ryokuchi-koen, Tsurumi-ku, Osaka 538-0036 Japan
tel: +81-6-6915-4581 fax: +81-6-6915-0304 e-mail: ietc@unep.org
IETC homepage: http://www.unep.or.jp/

Staff(As of 1 July 2011)

Per Menzony Bakken, Officer-in-Charge
Surya Prakash Chandak, Senior Programme Officer
Mushtaq Ahmed Memon, Programme Officer
Ryuichi Fukuhara, Programme Officer
Ainhoa Carpintero, Associate Programme Officer
John Peter Oosterhoff, Administrative/Fund Management Officer

Programme Activities(implemented in 2010)

Waste Management• Global Partnership on Waste Management: IETC with GEC organized the Second
Consultation Workshop on the Global Partnership on Waste Management in Osaka on
18-19 November 2010, with the objective of finalizing the framework of the GPWM
including the implementation strategy, and launching the GPWM (page 2 to be referred).
In order to promote the GPWM widely, IETC made a series of presentations and eventsat UNEP Governing Council Special Session (February in Bali, Indonesia), 18th session ofCommission on Sustainable Development (CSD18, May in New York), 7th session of Openended Working Group of the Basel Convention (OEWG7, May in Geneva).
• Information Platform: IETC developed the in-house Information Platform, a framework
which aims to promote, share and exchange information on solid waste-related issues indifferent countries/regions or cities.
• UNEP’s Report - Waste and Climate Change: Global Trend and Strategy Framework:
The Report prepared by IETC was launched at 16th session of Conference of Parties to
UNFCCC (COP16-CMP6) in Cancun, Mexico from 29 November to 10 December 2010.
• Waste Electrical and Electronics Equipment (WEEE)/E-waste project: IETC with GEC
organized a Regional Workshop on WEEE/E-waste in Osaka in July 2010 for capacity
building and discussion of current challenges (page 2 to be referred).
• Converting Waste Agricultural Biomass into a Resource project: IETC continued thework on the demonstration projects in Cabiao (Philippines), Sanghar district (Pakistan),
Madhyapur Thimi Municipality (Nepal), and Monaragala district (Sri Lanka). In March2010 IETC with GEC organized a Regional Workshop in Osaka to discuss the progress indemonstration projects to assist partners in technology assessment and selection.
• Converting Waste Plastics into Fuel project: IETC continued the project funded byGovernment of Japan. Two Training Workshops for national and local governments, andprivate sector as well as other identified stakeholders such as academia and NGOs wereorganized and conducted in the Philippines (August 2010) and Thailand (September 2010)
to attain a broad understanding of various technology options including basic ideas on
identification, assessment and selection of ESTs. IETC developed and started testing
Sustainability Assessment of Technologies (SAT) methodology in the project.
• Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) project: IETC continued to implement
ISWM project for Nairobi City and a draft ISWM Plan was discussed in the stakeholders’consultation workshops during February and June 2010. The project was concluded with a
Regional Dissemination Workshop organized by the City Council of Nairobi in cooperation
with the National Government of Kenya and UNEP in November 2010 to formally launch
the ISWM Plan. IETC completed the ISWM project for Bahir Dar City in Ethiopia - inFebruary 2010 a comprehensive training was provided to the local project team and in
October 2010 the project has concluded with a National Dissemination Workshop in Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia. IETC has started a new ISWM project for Pathum Thani Province inThailand and in November 2010 a training was organized for the project team.
• Eco-town project: IETC continued its collaborative activities with Kawasaki City and for
promotion of Eco-town project in Asia, IETC attended 6th Asia Pacific Eco-Business Forum
held by Kawasaki City in February 2010.
Water and Sanitation• In January 2010, IETC participated in the Follow-up Conference of the International Yearof Sanitation in Tokyo and made a presentation on Selection of ESTs for Wastewater
Management.
• In April 2010, IETC with International Lake Environment Committee (ILEC) held Consultative
Meeting on Water and Wastewater in Shiga to discuss how to enhance partnerships andnetworks for water and wastewater management and replication of EST implementation.
• IETC, together with DTIE’s Sustainable Consumption and Production Branch (SCP) and

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UNEP Financial Initiative (UNEP FI), has launched a new project entitled ‘Water Footprint,
Neutrality & Efficiency (WaFNE)’ and in June 2010, a Consultative Workshop in Osaka wasorganized by IETC with GEC (page 4 to be referred).
• In September 2010, IETC participated in the World Water Week in Stockholm, attending
several meetings/workshops related to the WaFNE project.
• In March 2010, IETC was invited to the meetings in Tokyo organized by Government ofJapan under the framework of Islamic Areas Studies Programme. IETC, with extensive
experiences on the Iraqi water issues through its Marshlands project, made a presentationon the chronology of water resources development on the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
basin and its environmentally negative consequences on the Iraqi Marshlands over the past
decades.
• The first half of 2010, IETC continued with the implementation of UNEP-UNESCO initiativeof the Iraqi Marshlands to implement a longer-term management structure by utilizing
World Heritage inscription process as an institutional and operational guideline.
• To enhance institutional capacity of ecosystem management of Iraqi Marshlands, apreliminary survey of biological diversity for the Marshlands was launched in collaboration
with IUCN Regional Office for West Asia, the advisory body to World Heritage Convention.
• In October 2010, within the framework of UNEP-UNESCO Joint Project ‘Natural andCultural Management of the Iraqi Marshlands as a World Heritage,’ IETC with Iraqi Ministryof Environment organized side events of CBD COP10 in Nagoya. The events consisted of
two luncheon sessions on ‘Long-Term Sustainable Development of the Iraqi Marshlands
and Natural Reserves’ and ‘Current Status on Biological Diversity in Iraq’ as well as theexhibition on ‘Nature in Iraq.’
Cooperation between GEC and IETC
• To commemorate UNEP World Environment Day (WED) on 5 June 2010 and JapaneseEnvironment Month during June 2010, IETC displayed poster panels for the WED and
IETC’s activities a) with ILEC at the Lake Biwa Museum in Kusatsu and b) with GEC at the
Osaka City Hall in Osaka (page 15 to be referred).
• In 2010 IETC with GEC jointly held a large number of symposia, workshops, and events(pages 2–4 & 15 to be referred).
Others• IETC assisted UNEP Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (ROAP) to organize a Regional
Training on ISWM for Asia-Pacific in cooperation with Government of Republic of Korea inJune 2010. After the Training in Korea, subsequent regional training on application of SAT
for ISWM was organized in Thailand in December 2010.
• In July 2010 in Jeju of Republic of Korea 2nd Ministerial Forum on Environment and Healthin Southeast and East Asian Countries was organized by Ministry of Environment andMinistry of Health & Welfare of Korea, UNEP, and WHO. IETC participated in the forum asmember of the Solid Waste Thematic Working Group.
• Two-year campaign by Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFAJ) called ‘Issho-ni
Kokuren (= Together for the UN)’ was launched in January 2009 and the campaign wascompleted in 2010. IETC participated in the campaign by providing information on its
events and programme to be disseminated mainly to civil society through the MOFAJ’s
website and its mail magazine.
• On 8 March 2010, UN Agencies in Japan jointly organized International Women’s Day
event in Tokyo and IETC provided information materials for display/distribution to publicize
its activities.
• In April 2010, IETC delivered a speech at the opening ceremony for a series of walking
events ‘Osaka Walking Relay of Green: Challenge 24’ and part of their project was donatedto IETC.
• On 5 June 2010, an Osaka-based radio station (FM COCOLO) broadcasted a special
programme on the World Environment Day and IETC Director sent a message to theprogramme.
• On 22 October 2010 in Nagoya during the CBD COP10, UNEP Spokesperson threw the
opening pitch at a professional baseball pay-off game and IETC assisted the event.
• On 22 October 2010 in Tokyo, UN Agencies in Japan jointly organized UN Day events and
IETC provided information materials for display/distribution to publicize its activities.
• In March 2010 in Osaka and in November in Kusatsu, IETC received university students(Jyosai International University and University of Shiga Prefecture). They received
information not only on IETC but also on UN and UNEP as a whole and actively participatedin the question and answer session.

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