2021 EDGE-NEXT Common Fundamental Project
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology-JAPAN  
Future Resilience through Review of theReconstruction Process  

CONTACT Information
Executive Office, EARTH on EDGE Consortium
EDGE-NEXT Project Office
6-6 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai,
Miyagi 980-8579
Engineering Research Planning Office, Graduate
School of Engineering, Tohoku University
Phone: +81-22-795-5658
E-mail: eng-edge@grp.tohoku.ac.jp

0102Program Overview

About EDGE-NEXT
Exploration and Development of Global Entrepreneurship for the Next Generation

About EDGE-NEXT / About EARTH on EDGE

Program Overview

During the 20-year period between 2000 and 2019, there were 7,348 disaster events
recorded worldwide by the Emergency Events Database of the Centre for Research on the
Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), one of the foremost international databases covering
emergency events. In total, disasters claimed 1.23 million lives, in addition to affecting
more than 4 billion people. Furthermore, disasters led to approximately US $2.97 trillion
in economic losses worldwide (The Human Cost of Disasters 2000–2019, CRED and The
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, 2020). The extent of disaster impacts
depends on multiple factors, including the type of hazard, its location and the contexts ofcommunities, like politics, economy, technology, culture, and other such considerations.
In light of the intensification of many environmental hazards and the complex interactions
thereof, risk reduction strategies and decision-making activities need to scrutinize
integrative, multiscale and multifaceted aspects.
In Japan, due to its location, many significant earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, andheavy rains have occurred: the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in 1995, the Great East
Japan Earthquake in 2011, the Western Japan Floods in 2018, Typhoon Hagibis in 2019.
As an island nation, we can observe different recovery processes and phases at the sametime. Kobe is a city where the recovery and reconstruction process from the damages
caused by the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake has been finished, and we can assess
the long-term effects as well as the impacts of “Build Back Better” that can be observed
through the process. Tohoku is a region where some cities and towns were hit hard by
the Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami, with recovery efforts still ongoing. We canevaluate the recovery process for these ten years and provide feedback on strategies forthe decade ahead.
In this program, you will study entrepreneurship for disaster risk management,by studying the disaster damage and recovery processes in Kobe and Tohoku, and byplanning a project for disaster prevention and mitigation. You will discuss the subjectof disaster management as a social problem, together with faculty and students fromdifferent universities.

Entrepreneurship training programs subsidized by MEXT.
In order to stimulate innovation and economic growth in Japan, educational programs
are provided by five consortiums with universities that share academic and extracurricular
resources open to all students across all institutions. It aims to encourage entrepreneurshipin graduate students and junior researchers with expertise in their particular domains aswell as under graduate students, who lead to promote university startups.

About EARTH on EDGE
Entrepreneurial Action Renaissance in Tohoku and Hokkaido on EDGE-NEXT
A consortium of six universities focusing on innovation in the Tohoku andHokkaido areas.

EARTH on EDGE, one of the EDGE-NEXT consortiums, is a new value creation
platform consisting of six universities: Tohoku University (principal university), Hokkaido
University, Otaru University of Commerce, Miyagi University, Kyoto University, and Kobe
University. The vision for entrepreneurship education under the EARTH on EDGE is tocultivate talented entrepreneurs who create (1) new industries originated from regional
EDGE-NEXT
characteristics and from global market-in strategy, and (2) vitalize local communities in
Exploration and Development of Global Entrepreneurship for the Next Generation
order to tackle with social problems Japan faces such as population decline, aging society,prolonged economic stagnant and environmental issues. To accomplish this goal, we
will establish practical and sustainable education system in cooperation with industries,
Entrepreneurship training programs subsidized by MEXT.
academic communities, public and financial sectors including startups and advanced
institutions
formprograms
innovation
ecosystems.
In order to stimulate innovationforeignand economic
growth in Japan,which
the educational
areprovided by five consortiums with universities that share academic and extracurricular resources
open to all students across all institutions. It aims to encourage entrepreneurship in graduate

This program is implemented by the consortium EARTH on EDGE as part of the Ministryof Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) EDGE-NEXT project.

students and junior researchers with expertise in their particular domains as well as under graduate
students, who lead to promote university startups.

EDGE-NEXT

EARTH on EDGE
Leading university

Tohoku University

Partner university

Hokkaido University
Otaru University of Commerce
Kyoto University
Kobe University
Miyagi University

Leading university

Nagoya University
Partner university

Gifu University
Nagoya Institute of Technology
Toyohashi University of Technology
Mie University
Cooperators

Osaka University

Leading university

Tokyo University

Partner university

Tsukuba University
Ochanomizu University
Shizuoka University

Leading university

Kyushu University
Partner university

Ritsumeikan University
Nara Institute of Science and Technology
Osaka Prefecture University
Cooperators(Cover photo)
JR Onagawa Station in Miyagi Prefecture(Back cover photo)
Ocean View from the JR Onagawa Station in Miyagi Prefecture

02

Hiroshima University
Fukuoka University
Sojo University
Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University

Leading university

Waseda University

Partner university

Yamagata University
Shiga University of Medical Science
Tokyo University of Science
Cooperators
Aizu University
Tama Art University

3

03

03
What Is a Resilient Society?
Program Overview

Human Resources Driving Constructionof a Resilient Society

The word “resilience” generally means “the elasticity, restorative force, capacity torecover from illness, etc., or toughness” (Digital Daijisen, Shogakukan Inc.). It is a word
used more recently in the context of psychology to refer to “processes or capabilities
that adapt deftly despite circumstances posing difficulties and threats.” Moreover, theconcept of resilience has come to be seen as a crucial capacity for disaster prevention andmitigation which must be found within industrial and governmental organizations, not tomention in the social and economic fields.
For this program, “resilience” is defined as “the capacity of a system, enterprise, ora person to maintain its core purpose and integrity in the face of dramatically changed
circumstances” (Andrew Zolli and Ann Marie Healy, Resilience, 2013), and a resilient society
as “a society that can maintain its core purpose and integrity in the face of dramaticallychanged circumstances." It is supposed that a resilient society is one that can achieve thefollowing three states.

Based on the definition of resilience and the concept of creative restoration put forwardby Andrew Zolli and Ann Marie Healy, this program defines the "human resources thatdrive the construction of a resilient society" as "people who create and sustain enterprisesthat give rise to creative value by discerning the vulnerabilities of social systems andforecasting the changes brought on by disaster." We believe that having the following fourcapabilities - together with basic entrepreneurial skills and ability - will drive constructionof a resilient society through the design and realization of new enterprises, in bringing
about reconstruction and disaster prevention and mitigation.

1. Discerning the vulnerability of social systems
The causes of vulnerability in social systems can be divided into (1) design, (2) realizationand (3) operation. Moreover, even within the same social system, different vulnerabilities
may emerge depending on the context (historical, cultural, geographical, industrial, etc.).

1. A state of rapid recovery from damage

0. A non-resilient society

2. Predicting extreme events and their impacts
Rather than merely understanding current circumstances, it is necessary to forecast theways in which society could change due to potential future disasters.
2. A state of minimal damage when disaster occurs

Time

Disasteroccurrence
Disasterprevention/
mitigation

Reconstruction

Urgency
Restoration
Emergency

Disasterprevention/
mitigation

3. A state in which 1 and 2 exist together

Time

Disasteroccurrence
Disasterprevention/
mitigation

3. Adopting the three perspectives of self-help,
mutual aid, and public support

Reconstruction

Urgency
Restoration
Emergency

Rather than trying to restore society to the same circumstances found before thedamage caused by a disaster, achieving a resilient society in the future will most certainly
require a new mindset of creative restoration. We must aim for regeneration in a form that
improves on the past light of our newfound clarity on how our living spaces were exposed
to high risk of earthquake and tsunami (Nobuaki Hamaguchi, On Creative Restoration,2013). We must also encourage activity that builds new regional histories (ToshihikoHayashi, Economics of Major Disasters, 2011).

Disasterprevention/
mitigation

By making use not just of individual personal abilities but also of local communities
and governments as well as the national government, enterprises that contribute toreconstruction and disaster prevention and mitigation can improve the potential for
instituting and sustaining results.

4. Establishing economic value and social value related toreconstruction and disaster prevention and mitigation
We aim to achieve sustainability of enterprises by providing economic value simultaneouslywith value related to reconstruction and disaster prevention and mitigation (social value).

Value

V

Function

t

04

Time

05

04
Program Process Frame

Program Design / Management Faculty
Program Design / Management Faculty

In considering a project which contributes to the construction of a resilient society, we
designed this program assuming that the project makes advances by intercommunicatingwith processes (iteration).


Simultaneously attain social impact and enterprise continuity

Convergence  4W1H(Whom, Who, What, Why, How)
Determine targets and offered value, decisive differentiation factors,
method of offer and profit structure
  Give thought to the impact of new enterprise
Stakeholder persuasion strategies

Hiroki Tsuruta

Associate Professor, V.School, Kobe University
tsuruta@kobe-u.ac.jp

Jun Mikami

Academic Researcher, Commercial Science, Otaru University of Commerce
jun_mikami@kamome-solutions.com

Junko Kanai

Assistant Professor, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokushima University
Junko.kanai@tokushima-u.ac.jp

Kazuyoshi Kitaoka

Untapped resources for attaining
enterprise differentiation(people, things, money, information,legal systems)

Associate Professor, Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University
Kitaoka@tokushima-u.ac.jp  

What themes need to be taken on toachieve a resilient society?

  
 
 
   

          Are there any core causes in restoration, reconstruction, or disaster prevention/mitigation processes?

Keiko Gion

Associate Professor, V.School, Kobe University
kgion@port.kobe-u.ac.jp

Kotaro Takeda

Lecturer/URA, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University
kotaro.takeda.c1@tohoku-u.ac.jp

Masashige Motoe

Associate Professor, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University
motoe@archi.tohoku.ac.jp

Convergence       
       "Why is this problem happening?"            
Divergence

Representative of Community Reconstruction Working Group, Ogatsu,
Ogatsu.abe.akibari@gmail.com

  

Divergence   
     

Akinari Abe

Mechanisms of disaster restoration and reconstruction, andan actual sense of restoration level obtained from fieldwork

Takayuki Tomobuchi

Assistant Professor, School of Project Design, Miyagi University
tomobuchit@myu.ac.jp

Tomoe Katoh

PhD. Researcher, Graduate School of Public Policy, Hokkaido University
t.katoh@hops.hokudai.ac.jp

Yu Ishida

Professor, School of Project Design, Miyagi University
ishiday@myu.ac.jp

Awareness of problems toward realizing a resilient society"Oh? That seems strange." or "It ought to be more xxx."(In no particular order)

06

07

05

06
Lectures 1 to 3 / Lecture materials 1 to 8

Schedule Overview
Orientation

Discerning the Vulnerability of Social Systems andPredicting Extreme Events and Their Impacts
Aug. 30

Lecture 1

Workshop on Systems Thinking 1

Sept. 4

Lecture 2

Workshop on Systems Thinking 2

Sept. 8

Lecture 3

Disaster and Social Issue: Presentation and Discussion

Lecture material 1

Introduction to Systems Thinking

Lecture material 2

VR-Field Work at Tokushima City

Lecture material 3
		VR-Field Work at Okawa Elementary School Site, Miyagi Prefecture

Lecture material 4

Vulnerabilities of Social Systems

Lecture material 5

Disaster Mitigation Based on Study of Historical Heritage Assets

Lecture material 6

Computational Simulation of Natural Disasters (TBC)

Lecture material 7

Increased Hazards Due to Simultaneous Occurrence of Pandemics
and Disasters

			
Lecture material 8

Psychological Aspects of Disasters

Self-help / Mutual Aid / Public Support
Sept. 10		Lecture 4

Workshop on Self-help, Mutual Aid and Public Support

Sept. 11		Lecture 5

VR-Field Work and Discussion: Ogatsu and Onagawa, Miyagi Prefecture

Lecture material 9					Creating Resilience Based on Public-Private Cooperation at
Local Community - Case Study of Onagawa -		Lecture material 10

Vulnerabilities of Society and Adaptive Systems - Case Study of BCP		Lecture material 11

The Great East Japan Earthquake Recovery - Example of Public			

Housing Reconstruction

Lecture material 12 Stakeholders and Resources: Cases through Use of Subsidiarity
					Framework

Social and Economic Values
			Workshop on Business Modeling: Achieving a Balance between
Social and Economic Values

Lecture material 13		Achieving a Balance between Social and Economic Values

Sept. 12		

08

Lecture 6

Sept. 17

Special

Sept. 18
-24

One-to-one
instruction

Sept. 25		SpecialProgress–Presentation and Feedback

Final Presentation■ On demand■ Real time

Lectures 1 to 3 / Lecture materials 1 to 8 Discerning the Vulnerability of Social Systems and Predicting Extreme Events and Their Impacts

Schedule Overview

SpecialAug. 26

Discerning the Vulnerability of Social
Systems and Predicting Extreme Eventsand Their Impacts
Students were introduced to the ideas of systems thinking and system architecture. They enhanced theirunderstanding about the vulnerabilities of social systems and the drastic changes in circumstances, and theireffects on the system. Moreover, they expanded upon this understanding to learn about the state of damage
and reconstruction process after the Great East Japan Earthquake while viewing historical materials such asvideos of regions affected by the earthquake and data about the damage. These lectures also considered therole of historical heritage in post-disaster recovery, the psychological impact of disasters, and appropriate
approaches for evacuation during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the real-time lectures, students learned
techniques to flesh out their business ideas by creating systems charts, context analysis diagrams, and otherplans in workgroups.

Lecture 1

Lecture 2

Workshop on Systems Thinking 1

Workshop on Systems Thinking 2

Aug. 30
Keiko Gion (Associate Professor, V.School, Kobe University)

Sept. 4
Keiko Gion (Associate Professor, V.School, Kobe University)

Professor Gion introduced the idea of systems
thinking to the students through the case of “ResilTown,” an imaginary community in Japan.
After breaking into five groups, students
discussed ideas for the Resil bus service and drewa practical systems chart. During this group work,
the lecturer provided guidance on the importanceof illustrating relationships and learning concepts
while moving on to presentations in the full session.

In this systems thinking workshop, the students
learned about the system architecture needed to
identify the vulnerability of social systems, predictextreme events, and their impacts.
The lecturer explained what should be identified
within the system architecture and used the example of askewer. Students analyzed system contexts according to
the politics, law, economics, technology, environment,
culture, and human (PLETECH) framework.

09

Lecture 3

Lecture material 6

Disaster and Social Issue: Presentation andDiscussion

Disaster Mitigation Based on Study ofHistorical Heritage Assets

Computational Simulation of Natural
Disasters

Sept. 8Hiroki Tsuruta (Associate Professor, V.School, Kobe University)

Masakazu Matsushita (Associate Professor, Office of Promoting
Regional Partnerships, Kobe University)

Satoru Oishi (Professor, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe
University)

A group discussion is held for students to share
their thoughts about disasters and social issues with the
PLETECH framework.

Professor Matsushita talked about the activities
of preserving historical documents and supporting
reconstruction in disaster-affected areas. In 2002, theCenter for Regional Partnership was established in the
Graduate School of Humanities at Kobe University. It works
with local groups, such as the prefectural government,
municipalities, resident groups, and residents' associations,to carry out community development projects that utilize
historical culture. Professor Matsushita explained theimportance of preserving historical documents and ofworking with specialists as well as generalists to quantify
historical documents, contribute to the reconstruction
process, and fill in the gap between ideas and reality.

The specialty of Professor Oishi is the application of
meteorology to civil engineering. This discipline uses
meteorological forecasts to organize dams and sewage
systems. The human-centered society (Society 5.0) basedon systems that highly integrate cyberspace and physicalspace, achieves its goals of economic development
and finds solutions for social issues through digitaltransformation. Professor Oishi provided an overview of
how the integration of these two spaces through digitaltwin models and digital ensembles can be used to achievea safe society. The lecturer also touched on examples ofsupercomputer simulations to estimate the scale andfrequency of damage as well as the challenges of thetechnology.

Lecture material 1

Lecture material 2Introduction to Systems Thinking

VR-Field Work at Tokushima City

Keiko Gion (Associate Professor, V.School, Kobe University)

Junko Kanai (Assistant Professor, Faculty of Science andTechnology, Tokushima University)
Kazuyoshi Kitaoka (Associate Professor, Institute of Liberal Arts
and Sciences, Tokushima University)

When tackling how to build resilient society, thevulnerability of social systems must be identified while
predicting extreme events and their consequences. Theseare very complicated issues, but systems thinking helps
make these complicated problems less complicated. It
looks at the given problem as a set of interrelated entities,
and a process of discovery and diagnosis. The main
challenges are to look at all the elements of the system,
consider their relationships to see the whole picture, andthen break it down to review the desired outcome. The
mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive (MECE)
principle is one of the tools which allows to see thingsfrom multiple perspectives by drawing logic trees.
The PLETECH framework helps to analyze the context
influencing a resilient system.

Lecture material 3

VR-Field Work at Okawa Elementary School
Site, Miyagi Prefecture
Yuto Naganuma (Storytellers Group of Okawa Area, Japan)

Yuto Naganuma, a storyteller and one of the survivors
from of the March 2011 disaster in the Okawa area, took
students on a virtual trip to the Okawa school site. He
talked about what happened when the tsunami destroyed
the school.

10

Lecture material 5

Students were taken on a virtual trip to Tokushima,located in Shikoku, a 145-kilometer, two-hour drive from
Osaka. The 70–80% probability of a very strong earthquake
in the Nankai Trough is predicted within the next 30 years.
Business activities and disaster prevention were introduced
using the example of Tokushima Toyota Motor Corporation,over 50% of the vehicle market in Tokushima. By focusing
on a new generation of eco-friendly vehicles to achievecarbon neutrality, a project based on CSR and cooperation
with municipalities to provide power to vehicles inemergencies. Toyota contributes to the resilience of thesociety and assures the sustainability of the business.

Lecture material 4

Vulnerabilities of Social Systems
Hiroki Tsuruta (Associate Professor, V.School, Kobe University)

In the lecture, the definitions of a social system
and its vulnerabilities, were presented and explainedusing examples of tree planting. Understanding thevulnerabilities of a system is necessary to predict how
the system will contribute as a catalyst for resilience.
The methodology used to estimate the vulnerabilities ofthe system is the PLETECH perspective. Using PLETECH's
seven processes, estimates can be constructed where
they exist, and solutions worked upon. Considering thevulnerabilities points of social systems, the PLETECH
allows us to understand the system target and the essenceof existing problems and thus create a fully functioning
system.

Lecture material 7

Increased Hazards Due to Simultaneous
Occurrence of Pandemic and Disasters
Goh Oji (Associate Professor, Research Center for Urban Safety
and Security, Kobe University)

First, Professor Oji introduced the characteristic of
the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), explained its infection
route and prevention methods. He also detailed different
types of disasters and their countermeasures, warningthat those natural disasters during a COVID-19 pandemic
pose additional complex problems with a list of questions
to consider when evacuating. The hexagon exploration
tool was presented to students for them to properly andobjectively evaluate the situation. The tool shows whichindicators should be evaluated in terms of organization(capacity, fit, need) and countermeasure (evidence,usability, support).

Lecture material 8

Psychological Aspects of Disasters
Seiichi Saito (Associate Professor, Graduate School of Human
Development and Environment, Kobe University)

The magnitude of damage depends not only on thetype of disaster but also on the nature of the society. In
this lecture, students learned to understand the emotional
dynamics of disaster victims. Professor Saito described
how the psychological situation of disaster victims
changes during the acute, reaction and recovery phase,and described post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), acutestress disorder (ASD), and other mental symptoms seen indisaster victims, such as grief and complicated grief. His
lecture divided psychological support for disaster victims
into three stages and introduced the role of mental healthassistance deployed to disaster areas, and counselors
at each level of care. Finishing the lecture, he pointed
out what should be paid attention to when interviewing
actual disaster victims.

11

07
Lectures 4 to 5 / Lecture materials 9 to 12

Self-help / Mutual Aid / Public Support
Lectures 4 to 5 / Lecture materials 9 to 12 Self-help / Mutual Aid / Public Support

Students learned about the idea of self-help, mutual aid, and public support, and their vulnerabilities whena disaster occurs on two examples of companies operating in the post-disaster area: Otsuka Pharmaceutical
Factory, which has its head office in Tokushima Prefecture and BC Cooperation Nadeshiko. The students learned
about recovery process of Tohoku and the cooperation of private and public sector to strengthen disaster
response capabilities as well as the housing reconstruction of Sendai.

Lecture 4

Workshop on Self-help, Mutual Aid,and Public Support
Sept. 10
Takayuki Tomobuchi (Assistant Professor, School of
Project Design, Miyagi University)
Yu Ishida (Professor, School of Project Design, Miyagi
University)

Takayuki Tomobuchi comes from Wakayama
and was studying in Kesennuma city when the Great
Earthquake struck. Since then, he has been helping
to reconstruct the city. Yu Ishida comes from Osaka,
and in 2016, he moved to Miyagi University, where
his work is dedicated to the problem of disasters.
This analytical workshop allows students tounderstand self–help, mutual aid, and public support
working in a different background (such as the city
size, type of area, etc.) and on specific examples. It
also concerns the latest pandemic situation. Somecountermeasures were organized in the frameworkof different types of aid. Students were engaged
to think about different conditions and issues theyshould address while operating a business for a
resilient society. The exercise was followed by group
discussions. The workshop goal was for students toanswer the question of how their projected business
contributed to different parts of the aid.

12

Lecture material 9Creating Resilience Based on
Public-Private Cooperation at Local
Community - Case Study of Onagawa Takahiro Aoyama (Head of Public and Private Cooperation
Office, General Affairs, Onagawa Town)
Hideki Doi (Public and Private Cooperation Office, General
Affairs, Onagawa Town)

A virtual trip in Onagawa was held during
which students could find themselves in the area of
Onagawa, affected by the earthquake and tsunami,
and experience the extent of the disaster throughVR goggles. The lecturers provided and overview of
the reconstruction process in Onagawa. The fishingindustry was in the low-lying town near the sea,
where almost 90% of the buildings were damaged
during the disaster.
The reconstruction process aimed to rebuild
lively market-driven town with active community of
citizens, vivid economy, and based on a cooperation
between private and public sector.
Being proud to live nearby the sea, Onagawa
people decided to protect their identity and maintainthe character of the city open to the sea, and not to
install the seawalls. The residential areas were instead
established on a higher ground, and commercial
areas on lowlands relatively closer to the sea.
Onagawa people recognized the importance of selfdetermination through open discussion between
residents and the government.

Lecture material 10

Lecture material 11

Vulnerabilities of Society and Adaptive
Systems - Case Study of BCP -The Great East Japan Earthquake Recovery– Example of Public Housing Reconstruction

Example 1
Kayo Sato (BC Cooperation Nadeshiko)
Yasufumi Yuasa (Research Center for Management of Disasterand Environment, Tokushima University)

This example introduces the BC Corporation
Nadeshiko initiatives for facilitating cooperation between
18 construction companies in Tokushima, Okayama,
Wakayama, and Kochi prefectures in the event of a disaster.
The Business Continuity Plan and effective tool was used
not only during the time of disaster, but also during daily
operation because of its human resources development
benefits and examples of best practice. BCP is based on
the observation that during the time of crisis when thecooperation of competing companies is necessary, theprocess is much easier when women employees are
involved as office workers facilitating communication
between parties as well as part of the “Nadeshiko Patrol”.

Masashige Motoe (Associate Professor, Graduate School ofEngineering, Tohoku University)

The 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake
destroyed more than 350,000 homes partially orcompletely. To visualize the extent of the damage,
Professor Motoe used the photos he took after thedisaster. After, using a diagram, he explained the processof rebuilding or recovering houses by the inhabitants of
the region in the decade after the disaster. As the first
response, a few months after the earthquake, various
ideas and regulations were applied to provide shelter topeople: evacuation centers, public housing, subsidized
hotels, temporary homestays, etc. In the longer term, newproblems emerge. Victims may gain access to temporary
housing or subsidized rental housing, but quality andlocation are issues, as well as different the needs of people
in rural and urban areas. When such a large-scale disasteroccurs, various resources and countermeasures are
required.

Example 2
Kana Sumiyoshi and Takeyasu Nishiwaki (Otsuka Pharmaceutical
Factory)
Yasufumi Yuasa (Assistant Professor, Research Center forManagement of Disaster and Environment, Tokushima University)

Otsuka Pharmaceutical manufactures the majority ofinfusion solutions produced (IV solutions) in Japan, which
are used to normalize the body's fluid metabolism. This
company considers a stable supply of pharmaceuticalproducts backing up the on-site medical infrastructureduring disasters as its corporate social responsibility andhas positioned its Business Continuity Plan (BCP) as partof its management strategy to fulfill this obligation as
well as to maintain the sustainability of the business. The
presentation gives an overview of the company’s disaster
preparedness plan, which takes into account measuresfrom the following perspectives: ensuring the safety of life,
preserving corporate assets, securing sufficient productinventory and raw materials as well as securing the meansof distribution.

Lecture material 12

Immediate Issues and the Vulnerability of
the Three Aids
Takayuki Tomobuchi (Assistant Professor, School of Project
Design, Miyagi University)
Yu Ishida (Professor, School of Project Design, Miyagi University)

During this lecture, three types of aid were reviewed:
self–help, mutual aid, and public support. First, Professor
Ishida explained the definition and meaning behindthese terms in forming a resilient society. During the timeof the disaster, the circumstances changed, revealingvulnerabilities with different issues that therefore should
be taken into account in preparing for the times of
emergency. Showing examples of the situation after the
Kobe earthquake, he demonstrated that the importanceof self-help and mutual aid as much more effective in
rescuing people as a first response after the disaster thanpublic support.

13

Lecture 5

SPECIALLECTURE

Sept. 11

VR–Field Work and Discussion:[ Questions and Answers ]Lecturers and survivors of the affected Ogatsu area invite VR-field work at Ogatsu
and Onagawa. They talked about what happened in its recovery and reconstruction
process. Mr. Yoshihide Abe and Mr. Akinari Abe were invited as lecturers to thereal-time lecture and dialog with students on 10th September.

This is a very timely question. We
are thinking about it right now. Lately,
there has been a big earthquake thisyear late at night and there was atsunami warning. There were people
in the restaurants and bars and thestaff managed to take care of thecustomers, and showed them which
way to evacuate, but it was quite achallenge. Even if they managed toevacuate people successfully, now weare thinking about how to improve
it. It's perhaps necessary to put up
more signage, or undertake anothermeasure. Every year, we have a tsunami
evacuation drill for people, but now
we are also planning to prepare a drill
for the restaurant's staff and owners
on how to practice evacuating withcustomers at night.

Ogatsu and Onagawa,Miyagi Prefecture

The Lecture was interpreted by Associate Prof. Eilzabeth Maly and Assistant Prof. Julia Gerster from IRIDeS,Tohoku University.

SESSION 1

Should there be more anti-tsunami
measures, and also measures tosave people from the tsunami. Whatabout tsunami measures for tourists
and people who are coming fromoutside?

What about the measures against
other types of disasters like landslides
or typhoons?

Yoshihide Abe
Vice President, Onagawa Town Society Commerce, and Industry
CEO, Onagawa Future Planner LLC
CEO, Onagawa Future Creation Co., Ltd.

The first presentation was given by Mr. Yoshihide Abe.
His regular work is managing newspaper delivery but heplays an important role in the community recovery planning.
He understands the necessity of strengthening the resilienceof his community as an important factor for the sustainabilityof his business.
To explain how Onagawa became a place with many new,creative businesses where young people, who used to leave
the town, are now coming back to. Yoshihide first explained
the history of Onagawa. It was once a small village that was
gradually built into a larger town by reclaiming the land fromthe ocean. Its fishing business prospered. On March 11th,
2011 the town was hit by the earthquake and tsunami andwas destroyed. After the disaster, a long process of recovery
started using a unique approach of piling up the soil to lift
the ground level so people could safely live on the higher
ground. During the process of reconstruction, the Recovery

14

Committee of the town decided to not only rebuild the town
taking into account safety and disaster preparedness but
also address other issues, such as the aging of the society, tocreate a functioning and resilient town of the future. Then,a boot camp was organized to come up with good ideas forthe town. The local business was revitalized by organizing
a farmer’s market, promotion of local products online, as
well as a new approach to ownership of service areas inorder to avoid the “shutter street”. Also, many other ideas
were implemented to build well functioning structures likerebuilding real estate values and creating an inner economic
circle.
Yoshihide pointed out a very important factor behind
the reconstruction process, which was the philosophy of apositive approach – the attitude of not thinking about what
they are lacking but what they have and investing in people
who can move to the town and remain for a long time.

Onagawa is built on a very hardgeological formation, on the stone.
Even building any structure requires
extra measures such as using dynamite.
This type of land reduces the intensityof the earthquake in Onagawa. Also,
the land is quite stable, so the risk ofthe mudslide is quite low.
The disaster recovery for public
housing is a reinforced concretebuilding, so it is relatively safer tostay in this building.
How about the connection between
the commercial area and the residential
area. What are the transportation
challenges?
Everyone in this area has a car. Of
course, some elderly people do not
use their own transportation and forthe few people that do not have a car,there is a bus provided. We think about
how to improve it because now it takes
a long time to go from the first stop to
the last one as it circles around. The

challenge is to make the travel shorter.
How do you deal with the declining
population?
The aging population is a difficult
problem and we face this issue all
across Japan. Of course, it is one of the
problems we are addressing, and we
think of new ways of how to create thismodern, lively, successful town. We
have a program of trial residency inthe town, and we are trying to attract
younger people, so not only we arefocused on the people that are leaving,
but also on those who are staying.
What about the international humanresources?
We are not using them very much.
There is not much activity in terms ofinternational human resources. Thereis a trainee program, and we invitedabout 200 Vietnamese workers in thefish processing industry. However,
we have a program of student-based
activities, and there is HLAB - Harvard
Business School project linked
with Tohoku University and otheruniversities. We also have connections
with Japanese and foreign students
that participate in the summer school
program each year, for the past five
years. However, this school was held
remotely during the COVID time.
What are your activities to support
islands?
There are two islands, Enoshima

and Izushima, and their population
is rather small. Only 100 people
registered in Izushima and 20 in
Enoshima. One of the activities
planned for the future to support
these communities is to build a bridge
because the only way to evacuate now
is by helicopter. Another idea is tobuild a tunnel for easier evacuation to
Sendai.
What is the profile of people whomove to Onagawa?
There are three main groups ofpeople. First of all, during the COVID
time, some of the those who moved
to Onagawa are IT workers who canwork anywhere. The second group ispeople who love mountains. The thirdgroup have made connections withpeople in Onagawa, and because ofthat decided to search for work there
and move to Onagawa.
How can you explain the increasing
value of land in Onagawa?
One of the reasons is people wantto move to Onagawa because of
personal connections, and therefore
create a demand for land in the town.
The amount of land in Onagawa ispretty limited, so there is not so muchcan be used as a residential or service
area. Also, before the disaster, theparcels of land were very small. We
started the process of consolidatingthem into bigger parcels and this also
contributed to the increase in land
value.

15

Lecture 5

SPECIALLECTURE08

Sept. 11

VR–Field Work and Discussion:

Ogatsu and Onagawa, Miyagi Prefecture

Lecture 6 / Lecture material 13

Social and Economic Values
SESSION 2

Akinari Abe
Representative of Community Reconstruction Working Group, Ogatsu[ Questions and Answers ]How has the landscape changed withthe sea wall and do people feel safer
with it?
The landscape became unattractivewith the sea wall. You cannot see thesea anymore when driving along thecoast.
The question of whether people
feel safe with the sea wall is hard toanswer and probably depends on acase-to-case basis. I do not feel safer
with the sea wall. This sea wall is built
to protect against a level 1 tsunamithat may happen in 100 years, andnot a level 2 tsunami that may happen
in 500 years, or as happened in 2011.
Even if there is a sea wall, it is stillnecessary to escape when there is atsunami.
I have heard that people in some areas
had a discussion and acted against
building the sea wall. Is this true?
Yes, it is true. That depends on thecommunity because the sea wall is
calculated by segments. In all Tohoku,
there are some a thousand segments,

16

Lecture 6 / Lecture material 13 Social and Economic Values

During the disaster of the Great Earthquake and tsunami,
Akinari Abe was only 22 years old. When the disaster struck,
he was helping his parents with their home appliance sales
business. He drifted all night in Ogatsu Bay, but luckily, he
was rescued.
During the lecture, he first presented his life story andthe endeavors of creating a new business and the struggle
connected with it. Then, he compared circumstances before
and after the disaster in Onagawa and Ogatsu, presenting
aerial photographs of both towns before and after thedisaster. Students saw the visual representation of thedrastic changes in conditions due to the tsunami and viewed
data about the town population along with the damage
status resulting from the earthquake. Mr. Abe explained
the rate of population decline in Ogatsu was double thatof Onagawa after the disaster, even though Onagawa had
a higher number of fatalities. The lecture also referenced thedistinct vulnerabilities in each town before the disaster andthe difference in their approach to reconstruction.

Students learned techniques for verifying economic value to elevate the level of the ideas of theirprojects and work on the sustainability of their businesses. Students learned how to think about socialoriented business by balancing social, customer, and business values as well as methods to draw up
business flow charts to be included in the planning worksheet. In real-time lectures, students discussed
the actual information included on their planning worksheet in groups to learn from each project andbusiness idea.

Lecture 6
and out of those, some went in the nosea wall direction and others decided
to rebuild in the same way as before
2011. In Ogatsu, for example, there wasan anti-wall lobby for two reasons: thestrength of the tsunami in the future is
unknown, and building the wall may
result in more victims. Some research
conducted showed that more people
died in the places that were supposed
to be safe because the wall gave a false
feeling of safety.
Is there some pressure of government
entities or private entities to build thesea wall?
Yes, there is. Onagawa is one of therare examples of a town that did nothave to bend under this pressure as
Onagawa has some political power tosay no to public ideas.
How can goals be set for the wholecommunity? If I have my specificgoals, can they be shared with thewhole community? How can it bemade into a shared goal?

It is very different for Onagawa
and Ogatsu. Onagawa is very small
but independent, so it can function as
one unified group. The case of Ogatsu
is very different because the town was
merged with other towns (due to thedeclining and aging population) in
the past and it is under the controlof Ishinomaki city, so it is not fully
independent anymore. For thatreason, Ogatsu residents do not havethe ability, power, and experience,
to make decisions on their own.
Ishinomaki is the decision-maker inthis case. It has a different perspective
and point of view as they are not partof the Ogatsu people.
Who was in the lobby opposing
building the sea wall?
There were different kinds ofpeople in the lobby against it, but
to think about it in another way, thepeople who were pro-seawall were
only people directly connected withthe engineering and constructionindustries.

Workshop on Business Modeling:
Achieving a Balance between Socialand Economic Values
Sept. 12Jun Mikami (Academic Researcher, Commercial Science,
Otaru University of Commerce)This workshop was concerned with planning abusiness model which had both social and economic
values. Students drew business model diagrams of
their business ideas, then broke up into groups andreviewed those ideas to check whether the plansestablished social value together with economic
value. Students learned the “3x3=9” viewpoints
framework to check whether their ideas were asystem that consistently generated economic value
as preparation for presenting their business models.
This framework verified the strength of the ideas
by checking the Who, What and How of customer
value, project value, and technological value aswell as inspired answers to nine questions, such as
who their customers were. This lecture emphasizedvarious points to be noted, such as making sure no
stakeholder loses out. Students also reflected on
existing business documents and other materials as
an added means of learning business concepts.

Lecture material 13

Achieving a Balance between
Social and Economic Values
Jun Mikami (Academic Researcher, Commercial Science,
Otaru University of Commerce)

Mr. Mikami explained why some problems cannot
be solved through public aid, and therefore why
the involvement of business is necessary. However,to create a business with social value, economic
backing in still necessary. Later on, he pointed out
which factors had to be considered to create a proper
business structure and achieve a balance betweensocial and economic values. Perspectives from which
the business concept should be analyzed include
customers and customer values, a system providing
value, and feasibility. Summing up, to create abusiness contributing to a resilient society vision,
it is important to create an economically successful
business having a beneficial influence on society. The
business idea should be always checked with a vision
towards resilience.

Midterm Presentation

Pitching Business Idea
Pitching your idea in a group and getting
feedback.

17

FINALPRESENTATION

Achievements Presentation

Final Presentation List
Name

Affiliation

Title

Description

Ayril Amry

Tohoku University

Fostering Mutual Aid Society
with Map-based Social App

The idea of this project is to connect users through a mobile
application in order to build social cooperation based on social
trust to report about problems and provide mutual aid.

Natsuki Yoneda

Hokkaido
University

DPES (Disaster Prevention
Evacuation System)“Kamakura” as an example

The idea of the project is to raise the awareness of disasterprevention by public authorities through simulation, education,
and a national database.

Haruka Maeda

Kobe University

Have a safe evacuation life
with cats.

The idea of the project is to create a community of cat owners
and pet shops in Kumamoto city to collaborate to provide forthe safe evacuation of pets.

Hiroki Kouno

Kobe University

Copollective Village.
The business model is built on the usage of containers as
Revitalization of the disaster housing to support disaster areas to promote cooperationarea.
within the community and a collective way of living.

Haruka Hirose

Tokyo Universityof Science

Security and privacy atnight in refugee life forwomen.

The project idea is to create a product that would help women
to feel secure in the evacuation center.

Keigo Kitazato

Kobe University

Post-disaster support
through campsite business.

This project presents the idea of creating a campsite run by an
NGO that could serve tourists during normal times, and as anevacuation facility for victims after the time of disaster.

Martin Garcia
and Lucas
Matsunaga

Tohoku University, Post-Disaster Housing
One United
Reconstruction: A standardized
Resettlement NPO self-construction toolkit.

The project presents a business concept based on a housing
product of a transitional shelter self-constructed by victims
and biodegradable to reconstruct the community and reduce
psychological distress after the disaster.

Shinjiro
Takahashi

Tohoku University

Art has infinite possibilities.
Making best memories.

This student presented a business model based on using color
boxes with equipment for disaster.

Ryosuke
IwatomiKobe University

Resilience for the blackout.

This project presents a transportation system based on theusage of EV and HV cars that can also serve as an energy source
during the time of blackouts.

Suzune Yuba

Kobe University

Lessons to be a little
emergency guard.

The idea of this project is to offer a long–term emergency
preparedness educational program.

Akari Fujiwaka

Hokkaido
University

Get under the desk if
Japanese scream “Jishin!”This student would like to promote the idea of incorporating
emergency preparedness education in the obligatory university
curriculum.

Shiori Osanai

Tohoku University

Organize an experiencebased event.

In order to strengthen the sense of community and educate
people for the time of disaster, this student proposed the ideas
of “Stamp Rally” and “Big Lunch” cooking using stockpiled food.

Summary of Learning
Kotaro Takeda (Lecturer/ URA, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University)
As the long-awaited crowning moment of the program, students presented their ideason the final day of the program in the class session ending September, the 25th. This year
26 participants registered in different parts of the world: Chile, Finland, India, and Japan.
They also represented different backgrounds: economic, international culture, public
policy, psychology, agriculture, architecture, engineering, IT, environmental sciences.
Participants were high school students, undergraduate, and graduate students, as well asworking adults. During the program, students were learning four capabilities for buildinga resilient society: discerning the vulnerability of social systems; predicting extreme
events and their impacts; adopting the three perspectives of self-help, mutual-aid, andpublic support; and establishing economic and social value related to reconstruction anddisaster prevention and mitigation. There were six real-time lectures and 13 on-demand
lectures as well.
Finally, thirteen students presented their business idea. Two were unable to participate
in the real-life meeting online. Each of the students had five minutes to present.

THE OPENING ADDRESS

Prof. Tetsuya Nagasaka
Tohoku University
Vice President for Social Outreachand Research Collaboration
Director, New Industry Creation
Hatchery Center (NICHe)
Professor of Metallurgy, Graduate
School of Engineering

We have started this program with the support of the MEXT in 2017. When we proposed
this program to the government, this consortium consisted of four universities Tohoku,
which is in charge of the EARTH on EDGE Program, Miyagi University, and Hokkaido
University as well as Otaru University of Commerce. After we passed the competition, thegovernment encouraged us to widen the group of participants regarding the program
the experience of entrepreneurship education. We were suggested that Kobe University
and Kyoto University should join. So now 6 universities are cooperating in this program.
We have done many activities together to promote the entrepreneurial mind of students
as well as younger faculty. Resilience is one of the most important issues of EARTH on the
EDGE Program. What is true resilience, what is the experience of big earthquakes in Kobe,
Tohoku area and how did they recover, how can you find the new seeds of the businessconcept to build resilience? We always enjoy such a discussion.

18

19

Planning Sheet

Comments
Professor, Dean,
Graduate School of
Biomedical Engineering,Tohoku University

CEO,
World Unite Japan

It is intriguing that everyone pointed out issues that noone has a good solution for. Starting from the identificationof your needs, you all have a chance to help the communityof people and the stakeholders you mentioned. Get goingand communicate with many people, so you could expand
your idea. Thank you very much.

I'm very happy that the students of this course are
generally interested in entrepreneurship. There is a lackof entrepreneurship in Japan where many students preferan apparently "safer" employment at large corporations
rather than taking the risk to start a business. But everyone
should remember that those large corporations would notexist if not a single person one day would have foundedthem and risked it. A society without entrepreneurs
cannot exist. Entrepreneurs are drivers of innovation,
focusing on niches not covered by the "big ones" andessential for Japan's future. All the ideas presented havesome potential and I encourage all of you to give thoseand other ideas a try and become an entrepreneur!

Mr. Nobumi Toyoura
General Manager Operations,
Caterpillar Japan LLC

Thank you for inviting me today. It was a very
interesting experience for me. I am from a businessbackground so when I think of disaster, normally I thinkof how it may impact my business and how to continue
my business operation even during the time of disaster.
However, today the discussion was the other way around.
Everybody came up with very innovative ideas of how
to create a business from the disaster. For me, that wasa good reference and something I would like to keep inmind. I would also like to ask you how you sustain yourbusiness through these ideas. If you can take action in allof this, I think some may become a real business.

Prof. Ken-Ichi Tamai
Professor,
Graduate School of Commerce,
Otaru University of Commerce

Planning Sheet

Mr. Chris Engler

12Prof. Ryoichi Nagatomi

Columns are provided for participants to conceptualize their enterprise visions on theirown, describe problems and issues in society, specify content of their solutions, etc.,with the social and economic values being entered on left and right side, respectively.

Ms. Chi Chia Huang
Consultant,
SKYLIGHT CONSULTING Inc.
Tohoku Branch

Thank You for inviting me today and I would like to
say all of you are great and your ideas so innovative that
I have never thought about. BOSAI-TECH is a platformthat welcomes you, young entrepreneurs, so I would liketo invite you to join. We also support you to create yourbusiness and apply it to society. We also support POC, so
we encourage you to join BOSAI-TECH from perhaps next
year. I am looking forward to seeing you soon. Thank you.

RubricYour presentations suggest very interesting andunique plans for emerging social innovation in Japan, but
the next step is to create solutions for this innovation, andhow to implement these plans effectively and efficiently,
so keep on trying.

a Social systems

social systemsbcand their impactsdMs. Mutsuko Inoue

Environment and context of asocial system

Prediction of tne extreme events

Prediction of impacts of extreme
events on the social system

Prediction of impacts of extreme
e events on the environment andMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)

context of the social system

11

I am very honored to be invited to join the EdgeNext program. This year, we
got many innovative ideas to apply to the BOSAI field as well. As I represent myteam from Sendai city, I am very impressed by the students' presentation andtheir proposal. It is very nice to know that the young generations are havingsuch a high consciousness regarding disaster prevention and disaster relief. I
am looking forward to the future, when we are able to have those solutions in
our life, and our world has become a safer and sustainable place.
Steve Jobs once said: “Sometimes when you innovate, you make mistakes.
It is best to admit them quickly, and get on with improving your other
innovations.” I am confident that the students today have received valuablecomments from experts, and those comments will drive them further.

20

3

2

1

I understand the entities (stakeholders) of

I understand the social systems in minor

problem I want to solve with entities

the social systems related to the problem I

details.

I do not understand the social systems at all.

perspectives.

(stakeholders) and their interactions.

want to solve.

I understand the environment and the

I understand the environment and the context I collect information to understand the

I understand the environment and the context

I do not understand the environment and thecontext of the social systems fromof the social systems from one perspective by environment and the context of the socialof the social systems in minor details only.

context of the social systems at all.

multiple perspectives by organizing theorganizing the collected information.

Discerning the vulnerability ofPredicting the extreme events

THE CLOSING ADDRESS

4

problem I want to solve from multiple

Rubric5

I understand social systems related to the I understand social systems related to thefAdopting the three

Three perspectives: self-help,
mutual aid, and public support

systems.

collected information.
I predict extreme events from multiple

I predict extreme events from one perspective I collect information to predict extreme

I collect information to predict extreme events

I do not collect information to predict extreme

perspectives by organizing the collectedby organizing the collected information.

events.

in minor details only.

events at all.

I predict impacts of extreme events on the I predict impacts of extreme events on the

I collect information to predict impacts ofI collect information to predict impacts of

I do not collect information to predict impacts ofsocial system from multiple perspectives social system from one perspective byextreme events on the social system.

extreme events on the social system in minor

extreme events on the social system at all.

information.

by organizing the collected information.

organizing the collected information.

details.

I predict impacts of extreme events on the I predict impacts of extreme events on the

I collect information to predict impacts ofI collect information to predict impacts of

I do not collect information to predict impacts ofenvironment and the context of the social environment and the context of the social

extreme events on the environment and theextreme events on the environment and theextreme events on the social system at all.

system from multiple perspectives bysystem from one perspective by organizing

context of the social system.

context of the social system in minor details.

organizing the collected information.

the collected information.

I understand the solution from three

I understand the solution from one

I understand self-help, mutual aid, and

I understand self-help, mutual aid, and public I do not understand self-help, mutual aid, andperspectives: self-help, mutual aid, andperspective: self-help, mutual aid, or public

public support as resources for the solution. support in minor details.

public support at all.

public support.

support.

I understand the solution to organize self- I understand the solution to connect self-

I understand connections among self-help,

I understand connections among self-help,

I do not understand connections among self-

help, mutual aid, and public support.

mutual aid, and public support.

mutual aid, and public support in minor

help, mutual aid, and public support at all.

perspectives of self-help,
mutual aid, public supportghand social value related tohelp, mutual aid, and public support.

details.

and public support

I reframe the economic value of the

I describe the economic value of the solution I I understand economic value.

I understand economic value in minor details

enterprise I planned.

planned.

only.

Social value related toi

I do not understand economic value at all.

Economic value

I reframe the social value of the enterprise I describe the social value of the solution I

Establishing economic value
reconstruction and disaster

Organizing self-help, mutual aid,

I planned.

planned.

I reframe the sustainable relation

I describe the relation between economic

I understand social value.

I understand social value in minor details only. I do not understand social value at all.

I understand the relation between economic

I understand the relation between economic

I do not understand the relation between

value and social value.

value and social value in minor details only.

economic value and social value at all.

reconstruction and disasterprevention and mitigation

prevention and mitigationj

Establishing social value together
with economic value

between economic value and social value value and social value of the solution Iof the enterprise I planned.

planned.

Social system: The organizational form of interrelationships existing between individuals, groups, and institutions and developing a coherent whole.

21

09

10
The Program in the Future

From the standpoint of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the people needed
are those who have a bird's-eye view of the ripple effects from a project, establish socialand economic values in tandem, and solve specific problems.
The “Educational Program to Drive Construction of a Resilient Society by Inculcating
the Entrepreneurial Spirit” takes on the challenge of developing such human resources onthemes of disaster prevention and mitigation.
This fiscal year saw all of the curriculum being held online in English. Over roughly one
month, the program faced greater hurdles for both students and staff than the previous
classes. Unlike the previous fiscal years however, some students have moved their project
and business proposals into the implementation phase after completing this program.
With involvement by universities alone, there are limitations on further accelerating thistrend toward implementation, which makes cooperation by numerous stakeholders suchas industry and local government essential.
Tokushima University participated as a co-operator as same as of the last fiscal year
program, and we believe the alliance with Sendai BOSAI-TECH Program, Tohoku University
International Joint Graduate Program in Resilience and Safety Studies and International
Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, has taken our program toanother level.
Although the EDGE-NEXT program ends at this fiscal year, we’ll keep developing
and continuing this program in order to expand it internationally while collaboratingwith universities and institutions abroad, and promote participation among numerous
universities, research institutes, local governments, corporations, NPOs and others withthe hope of building an even more fulfilling system.
If you concur with the aims of this program, we would gratefully appreciate any
support or cooperation you may be able to provide. We would very much like to work
together to educate entrepreneurs who will drive the construction of resilient societies.

Main Sponsorship / Co-sponsorship / Support / Cooperation

The Program in the Future

The entrepreneurs who are needed all over the world are most likely those who can
act immediately to solve complex social problems likely to emerge in the future.

Main Sponsorship / Co-sponsorship /Support / Cooperation
Hosted by : EARTH on EDGE
(Tohoku University / Kyoto University / Kobe University / Miyagi University /Hokkaido University / Otaru University of Commerce)
Co-hosted by : Tokushima University
Co-sponsored by : IHI Fundamental Systems Co., Ltd.
Nexco-Maintenance Kanto Co., Ltd
Senrei Co., Ltd
Supported by : Onagawa-cho
Sendai City
Tokushima City
Tokushima Toyota Motor Corporation
Atsuma-cho
Hokkaido Construction Association
Tamagawagumi Corporation
Co-operated by : Sendai BOSAI-TECH Innovation Program
Kamome-Solutions
Pilot Practice Corp

Implementation System
EARTH on EDGE Consortium
Tohoku University (Main Body)
EDGE-NEXT Operations Office

Hokkaido University

Graduate School of Public Policy
Disaster Prevention Policy Research Unit

International Joint Graduate
Program in Resilience and Safety
Studies (GP-RSS),
Tohoku University

Tokushima
University

International Research Institute ofDisaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku
University

Otaru University of Commerce
Major in Entrepreneurship,
Graduate School of Commerce

Miyagi University

School of Project Design

Design and Management Faculty of
Entrepreneurship Program for
Leading a Resilient Society

Kyoto University

Office of Society-Academia
Collaboration for Innovation (SACI)Kobe University
V.School

Multidisciplinary Integration for
Resilience and Innovation
Research Center for Urban Safety
and Security
Center for Resilient Design(CResD)

Date of issue: March 1, 2022
Designer: Oval Co., Ltd.

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