Japan Environmental Sanitation Center (JESC)

No.20

 -(6&1(:6No.20
Sept. 2019

I. Report of JESC’s Activities

Promotion of 3R and Circular Economy by Local Governments
The 11th 3R Conference for Asian Local Governments organized by JESC
“The 11th 3R Conference for Asian Localthetheme.

PresentationsGovernments” was held on October 23rd &business

24th, 2018 in Yokohama City. The conference

discussion session, we shared information

was held as one of the side events of the 2ndand discussed recycling of organic waste andWorld Circular Economy Forum (WCEF2018).

plastic waste management. At the closing

The theme of the conference was “Approachsession,

for Circular Economy Promotion in Asian

adopted as the outcome of the conference.

Local Governments”. Four local governments

On the afternoon of October 24th, we held afrom Asian countries and 4 local governmentssite visit to recycling facilities in Yokohama

from Japan participated.

with participants of WCEF 2018. More thanenterprises

abyJapanese

followed.

“YokohamaInDeclaration”

thewas40 people participated in this site visit.
Please see the program details, including
presentationdataandtheYokohama

Declaration, at the website below:
https://www.jesc.or.jp/training/tabid/335/Default.aspx“The 12th 3R Conference for Asian Local
Governments” will be held in Kitakyushu
City, in January 2020.
More detailed information will be announced
After three keynote lectures and keynote

on our website soon.

reports,

http://www.jesc.or.jp/en/tabid/205/Default.asp

representatives

from

each

local

government gave presentations according tox

Comments from Person in Charge (PIC)
In collaboration with WCEF 2018, we welcomed many participants from various countries, notonly from the Asian region. It was a very good opportunity to share information for promoting
circular economy and 3R with all of them. I hope the experiences and foresights of local
governments and Japanese enterprises shared at the conference can be useful for allparticipants. I expect this meeting can serve as a bridge for networking between Asian andJapanese local governments, and also with other regions. (Kana NAKAMURA)
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Japan Environmental Sanitation Center (JESC)

No.20

Declaration for Promotion of Circular Economy and Plastic Management
The 9th Regional 3R Forum in Asia and the Pacific in Bangkok, Thailand“The 9th Regional 3R Forum in Asia and theof Plastic Waste Pollution through 3R andPacific” took place from March 4th to 6th,

Circular Economy” were adopted.

2019 at Royal Orchid Sheraton Hotel &JESC

Towers, in Bangkok, Thailand.

Japan and Pacific countries who were invitedThis forum was organized by the Ministry ofby MOEJ to participate in the forum, andNaturalorganized a pavilion at the “International 3R

ResourcesandEnvironment

coordinatedforrepresentatives

Japanesefrom(MoNRE), Thailand, the Ministry of theExhibition”

companies

toEnvironment, Government of Japan (MoEJ),

expand their business to foreign countries.

and the United Nations Centre for Regional

On the morning of March 6th, our president,

Development (UNCRD). The theme of the 9thMr. Hideki Minamikawa, gave a presentation

forum was “3R as a Way for Moving towards

under the title “Building Circular Economy in

Sufficiency Economy - Implications for SDGs”.

Japan” in Plenary Session 6 (LeadershipOver 500 representatives from 40 countries

Program for Senior Policy Makers on Circular(Asian & Pacific countries, etc.) participatedEconomy) of the Forum.

in the forum. As the outcome, the “Chair's”The 10th Regional 3R Forum in Asia and theSummary of 9th Regional 3R Forum” andPacific” will be held in Russia, in FY 2020.

“Bangkok 3R Declaration Towards Prevention

Comments from PIC
In this forum, as the theme shows, 3R and circular economy were the main
topics. Also, as indicated in the Bangkok Declaration, plastic waste
recycling was an important and hot topic at the Forum. We have toconsider what we can do to reduce plastic waste with people of countries inAsia, the Pacific and all over the world. (Kana NAKAMURA)2Japan Environmental Sanitation Center (JESC)

No.20Academic Network for Environmental Problems in Asian and Pacific Countries
The 18th Expert Meetings on SWAPI, entrusted by Ministry of the Environment, JapanThe 18th Expert Meetings on Solid Waste
Management in Asia and Pacific Islands(SWAPI) was held from 16th to 18th January,
2019 at Surugadai Memorial Hall, Chuo
University, in Tokyo. The number ofParticipants was 188 in total.
On the afternoon of 17th January, there werethree presentations in the “Presentation ofResearch Projects”.
From 16th to 18th January, there were threesessions under the themes of “Moving On tothe Next Stage for Disaster Waste
Management in Asia and the Pacific”,“Management of Plastic Waste”, and “Waste toEnergy (WtE) Bidding Process”.

An outline of each session is as follows.
1) “Moving On to the Next Stage for Disaster
Waste Management in Asia and the Pacific”
The first presentation was a keynote lecture
by Ms. Junko Nishikawa from the Ministry ofthe Environment Japan (MOEJ) aboutdevelopment and the status of disaster waste
management in Japan and challenges by
MOEJ with other countries.

After the keynote lecture, presentations about
disaster waste management in Tonga andIndonesia followed. And after that, the status,achievements and challenges regarding theGuideline for Disaster Waste Management inAsia and the Pacific were discussed under thetitle “Development of Technical Tools”.
In this session, there was visible effort toprogress “Guideline for Disaster Waste
Management in Asia and the Pacific”.
2) “Management of Plastic Waste”
First, there was a keynote lecture by Dr. Krian
Joseph of Anna University, India, under the title“Plastic Waste Management: Issues and IndianInitiatives”. After that, there were presentations
about the situation of plastic waste managementin Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam. After thepresentations, comments and a discussionsession followed. In this session, we exchanged
information in each country and carried out
discussions to find solutions. Plastic waste
management is one of the most important topics
on a global basis.
3) “Waste to Energy (WtE) Bidding Process”
The first presentation was a keynote lecture
entitled “Issues on Promoting Waste to Energy
Project in Asian Countries” by Mr. Yamamoto ofJESC. It was a presentation about the status andproblems for bid tendering of PPP project inAsian countries. After the keynote lecture,presentations from the Philippines, Indonesia
and Thailand followed. After the presentations,
there was a discussion session. In this session,
we shared the latest information about the WtE
Bidding Process in Asian countries and discussed
upcoming challenges.

Comments from PIC
At the 18th SWAPI Meeting, we discussed very important topics on a global
basis - not only in Asian and Pacific countries.
Personally speaking, I felt it was a very significant result that the updated
status for the WtE Bidding Process could be shared.
I hope this academic network formed by the SWAPI Meeting can be a
driving force to tackle environmental problems in Asian and Pacificcountries. (Kana NAKAMURA)
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Japan Environmental Sanitation Center (JESC)

No.20

Information Collection and Verification Survey for Municipal Solid Waste Managementin Ukraine
Ukraine, which is heading towards joining
the European Union (EU), established a
National Strategy for Municipal Solid Waste
Management in 2017 and is trying to improve
its waste management situation.
However, Ukraine has more than 48 million
cubic meters of municipal solid waste
generated annually and about 94% is
disposed of at more than 6,000 dumping sites,
mostly without any reduction. Also, sincemost of the existing dumping sites havealready received too much waste, exceeding
their planned volume, opposition movements
have been vigorously organized by residents.
Therefore, reduce the landfill volume has
become an urgent issue.
During the period that Ukraine belonged tothe Soviet Union, 10 waste incineration
facilities were constructed in the Soviet
Union. Energia Incineration Plant, which is
the only incineration plant still functioning inUkraine, has deteriorated on the whole inspite of being maintained with excellent
technology.
Undersuchcircumstances,Japan
Environmental Sanitation Center, JESC hasorganized a joint venture with Nippon Koei
Co., Ltd. and participated in the “Information
Collection and Verification Survey for
Municipal Solid Waste Management inUkraine”. In this survey, JESC mainly
implemented the survey and analysis ofexisting Waste to Energy facilities as amemberoftheJapanInternational
Cooperation Agency (JICA) survey team. In
addition, Dr. Fujiyoshi, a vice executive
president of JESC, gave a lecture on“Experience of Waste to Energy in Japan” andthere was a lively discussion at the waste
management seminar held in Kiev.
Since returning to Japan, the JICA survey
team has arranged the expected scenario ofassistance and its conditions and submitted
this to the government of Ukraine and JICA.

Dumping site in Kiev

Energia Incineration Plant

Comments from PIC
Since Ukraine has played an important role in the field of aerospace andshipbuilding industry during the period that it belonged to the Soviet Union,
the country has a high level of technology. However, modernization of waste
management has been remarkably delayed as the business has been run withlow public utility charges. I strongly hope that the result of this survey will bea good opportunity for Japanese cooperation with Ukraine. (Shoichi HAYAMI)
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Japan Environmental Sanitation Center (JESC)

No.20

Fukuoka International Environmental Management Program by West Branch OfficeSince 2011, the West Branch Office of Japan
Environmental Sanitation Center (JESC) has
been
entrustedwiththeFukuoka
International Environmental Management
Program by Fukuoka Prefecture.
Fukuoka Prefecture has implemented thistraining program for capacity building,aiming to solve environmental problems inAsian countries, since 2006. In FY2018, twotraining programs were held: “Treatment andRecycling of Solid Waste Course for China”
and “Air Pollution Countermeasures Coursefor India and ASEAN”.
Two executive officers from Jiangsu Province
participated for 9 days in the “Treatment andRecycling of Solid Waste Course for China”.
The theme of this course was treatment andrecycling of hazardous and harmful waste,
which is a major issue in China. They had site
visits of industrial waste treatment facilities
and business entities that dischargeindustrial waste. They also had lectures andopinion exchanges regarding environmentalmeasures
implementedbyFukuoka
Prefecture and the difference of laws and socialsystem between Japan and China.

Site visit in “Treatment and Recycling of Solid Waste
Course for China”

In “Air Pollution Countermeasures Course
for India and ASEAN”, 2 from Bangkok, 2
from the central government of Thailand, 2from Hanoi City in Vietnam, and 1 from Deli
in India, participated for 9 days.
To each participants, air quality management
has become an important subject, so thetheme of FY2018 was changed to air pollution
countermeasuresfromsolidwastemanagement. We set PM2.5, VOC and ozone
as the main topics.
The participants took lectures on measures inFukuoka Prefecture as well as field visits toatmospheric measurement stations andmeasurement vehicles, an analysis facility,and private factories to observe current
status of air pollution control. Moreover, as atechnical aspect, we explained the method ofcomponent analysis and source analysis of
PM2.5 in the environment.
In both courses, we gave the participants
opportunities to experience Japanese culture
as one of the curriculum items.
The participants enjoyed this very much.

Japanese cultural experience in “Air Pollution
Countermeasures Course for India and ASEAN”Comments from PIC
I have been the course leader for 8 years since the West Branch Office of JESC
started implementing this program. I have met many participants and learned alot from them about the situations in their countries. We have made best use ofthis information for the following year’s program. We have been making great
efforts to make better programs every year, so as to be useful for participants
when they go back to their own countries, even though it is difficult to make allparticipants satisfied with the training programs. We also established time forJapanese cultural experience as a part of the curriculum, thinking that it is ourresponsibility to introduce Japanese culture to participants. (Akiko ISHII)

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Japan Environmental Sanitation Center (JESC)

No.20

JICA Training Program in FY2018 conducted by JESC
The Japan Environmental Sanitation Center
conducted 5 JICA Training Programs inFY2018, 2 of which focused on countries and 3of which were group- and region-focusedprograms. Here we introduce one suchprogram, which focused on Vietnam and theintroduction of WtE plant, together with an
outline of all programs below.

Name of course

Countries of participants

People's Republic of China࣭Project toward eco-friendly
society (Air Pollution Countermeasures)Collection, Analysis and Dissemination of Data
regarding Solid Waste Management

China

Capacity Building Towards Air Quality Management

Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, India, Iran,Malaysia, Mongolia
Bangladesh, Colombia, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, SriLanka, Malaysia
VietnamEnhancement of Solid Waste Management Capacity
for Waste Power Generation (A)Enhancement of Solid Waste Management Capacityfor Waste Power Generation (B)Kiribati, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nigeria, PalestinianAuthority, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sudan

Enhancement of Solid Waste Management Capacity for Waste Power Generation (B)This training program was focused on only
the country of Vietnam in order to promote
Waste to Energy (WtE) plants to be
introduced appropriately. Eight participants
came from different and various sections ofthecentralgovernments
andlocalgovernments. They had many sessions oflectures and site visits, which introduced
methods of solid waste management effectivefor WtE. Finally they made their own action
plan as their goal.
During the training program, the participants
actively engaged in every task, sometimes
asking enthusiastically questions of thelecturers and related people of WtE plants.
In discussions in particular they earnestly
exchanged opinions, since they had different
points of view according to their differentpositions. Through their active work, they
were able to present their action plans, whichwere unique and gave clear suggestions
related to their own work in order tointroduce WtE plants.

Lastly, some of the participants commented
that 3R and public awareness were keys tohandle WtE plants appropriately, and they
thought how difficult it would be for thepublic to understand the reason why they
were requested to separate their waste.
Such a country-focused program gave
opportunities to bring participants together
by sharing their experiences and opinions
toward one goal in their own country.

Comments from PIC
At the beginning of the spring season, 8 people came from Vietnam toparticipate in the JICA training program. Fortunately, this was exactly
when the cherry trees started to bloom. They enjoyed the best time of
the beautifully colored spring season in Japan. JICA training programs
give participants opportunities to be introduced to Japan as well.
(Takashi MIYAGAWA, Michiyo SHIMAMURA)

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Japan Environmental Sanitation Center (JESC)

No.20

II. Contribution from Participants in JESC’s Activities
Solid Waste Management in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
HCMC is the largest city in Vietnam with a population of approximately 8.5 million
people. As other Southeast Asia mega cities with rapid urbanization, economic growthand increasing population, solid waste managing is a challenge for HCMC. The city now
generated 8,700 tons of domestic solid waste, 1,500-2000 tons of industrial waste and 22
tons of medical waste each day. Most of municipal solid waste is currently sanitary
landfilled (76%), the rest is composted/recycled (14.7%) or combusted (9.3%). Solid waste
at landfills is mostly food waste (60-80%), high in moisture content (50-60%) and low inheating value (2.000-3.000 kJ/kg).
HCMC strategy for integrated and sustainable management of solid waste aims toreduce the amount of solid waste landfilled to 50% by 2020 and to 20% by 2025. To
achieve these targets, a number of solutions were determined by HCMC People’sCommittee including waste separation at source, upgrading existing waste treatment
plants, restoring closed landfills and calling for investment in advanced technology forsolid waste treating and recycling. HCMC is now working on at-source waste separation
program across its 24 districts, increasing public awareness and improving thesupporting infrastructure. Besides urging existing waste treatment plants to upgrade
their technology to fulfill environmental requirement, HCMC has also approved 02
WTE projects which to be operated by 2020.
HCMC authorities are making efforts toachieve set targets in solid waste
management. In addition, HCMC is callingfor supports in capacity building and PPP
investments in advanced technology for solid
waste treatment as well as restoration ofclosed landfills.
HCMC holds a conference for calling investment in
WTE treat

Comments from the Contributor
HCMC is making efforts in moving forward proper SWM. Beside 3Rs
promotion activities, the city is calling for investment in WTE projects toensure waste treatment capacity up to 2025 and to meet targets in
reducing waste to landfill and increasing waste recycled.
(Ngo Nguyen Ngoc Thanh)7

Japan Environmental Sanitation Center (JESC)

No.20

III. Editorial Note
In July 2020, the Olympic and Paralympic Games will be held in Tokyo. Toward theGames “Tokyo 2020 Medal Project” was set up, with medals made of gold, silver andbronze from metals found in small-scale electrical devices, having collected and recycled
various kinds of used electrical devices such as mobile phones and digital cameras, etc.
As a secretariat of this project, we (Japan Environmental Sanitation Center) put out thecall to collect these devices. Thanks to huge cooperation from many concerned people,
we achieved the goal to collect enough metals from the used electrical devices by Marchof this year. We hope many people will realize the importance of recycling when athletes
in many countries take back their medals to their own countries.
Please remember that the medals are made of recycled metal when you watch the award
ceremonies in the Olympic and Paralympic Games on TV. (Tsutomu SAKAGAWA)

JESC NEWS No.20 / September 2019
㺃Publisher : Hideki MINAMIKAWA

㺃Address : 10-6 Yotsuyakami-cho,㺃Editor : Tsutomu SAKAGAWA

Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-city,㺃Staff : T. MIYAGAWA, S. HAYAMI,

210-0828 JAPAN

M. YAMAMOTO, K.NAKAMURA,㺃TEL : +81-44-288-4937

A. ISHII, M.SUGIMOTO,㺃FAX : +81-44-288-5217

M. SHIMAMURA

㺃E-mail : kokusai@jesc.or.jp

㺃Published by : Japan Environmental
Sanitation Center (JESC)

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