($')"%( *    "!!#   #&!) 

FWPUXKSW?$E8Y,? " )  )?#(E>  FWPUXKSW<?0RXN1
RXNE=3B:;/"8D?5[%?RXN < @<A
4@7ZQVLGJM?++'>!62:9C.*HOTIX&- "%      $

$ #%!$   !              

1/4rV 1/4 = 1.06 × 1016 ×GeV
0.01

Parameterized with “ r “ : tensor-scalar ratio (T/S)%$"%&    "%%"                   

" 0#)-/& */'$ %$$.(,/%+.

',01*3'-0/+12 14/',"#-!


*/' ,- ,#-        3(" %/$,*4E  
7%5 @CD A1.2"20++-#* 0'7-#*% )62 0./#   @ 1B14&A@<=;9A/ <:?>86 <=;9!   B  !"             #           $     !"  ##

 *      ! $      %1&    ! ' (  2&    !    2&0&2

*

* +4130),&-20&    + 2*    , .   ##



$" !*.(!%

 #%#/   
&&-),.'+-!/&
1 $$430$$2

.*$,'( ! ! r 1/4
  !-*$*+)*$+ 1/4
16
V = 1.06 × 10 ×GeV0.01
- % # &       $   # "$      
!%     -),&+- ")   !*((.#!*()(  $-(.(%    

( )  ((+'$%
(  *(& !"#                     ! "      !    ! 

     ( detector array inside)       )$

%"(#$#'

$(&!") ! $()!")!'"& "*&)% #$(&%%%!") 

      /""  )0!!!#  2.( "!

"#!"" !!#'")'
""!!!"#!#  !,..%!!#'")&!5"&!""!!)"' # )'  - 57.78  28!" "!" ")  3977:2977;4"=;* 283977<297874

=;*""
=7""! )"=;*8187!*5:7:5:7  &"  *%-%!(% !(% /&&%%%&.  )(   +.&'.%  .*   -)&',*&* $   ('()!*(-(%

 &+      " #.,

Demod Amplitude [mV]

0.010.0050-0.005-0.01-0.015-200.015

Demod Amplitude [mV]  

0.015

020

4060

80

100

120

140160140160   "! 
Parallactic Angle [deg]0.010.005
0-0.005-0.01-0.015
-20

020

40

60

80

100

Parallactic Angle [deg]



120

Rotate parallactic angle withkeeping the line of sight  “      calibration" $  
#!  

% 
 #   .204 $,.39"&-#  ,%&# $ #-1/%1/*.1),6+543'-elevationScans trace a patchazimuthexposure map
for one patchTo minimize contamination from the atmosphere,
telescope scans at fixed the elevation.29

0 937.

(61)0 97.  1 1 4) 87! 1) 87:;0< 3,+1871  

12/1-$*7.02)/%5&0'7) #"HIH ( I86'=D?@F=' (    "264=D?@F=)H"6!6462% /4+I&;#57:$?<BE6.6   6 6  (   %.&06.&/3* ) C>FAF+#5&;:36 , ;:,0$&& !4/0..55,*)+55)    6 /1* 69-;G('        #   .204 $,.39"&-#  ,%&# $ #-1/%1/*.1),6+543'-  # 
!& " -"%%  ')&"(#  !&%&'"(&)&$

           Divide data set into two maps, difference them.

(CMB+NoiseA) - (CMB+NoiseB) Calculate “null” power spectrum
 Q vs. U channels
 weather conditions
 cryostat temperature

40EEBB

0.52C (+1)/2π [μK ] Perform 42 data divisions(NoiseA-NoiseB)30

0

20-0.5

10-1
0100

200

0-10

Null Power Spectrum0100

200300
400

500

36



Mean shift of null dist. is sensitive to detect biases which have not been removed

Fractional Count

10100

Pipeline A

Pipeline B

cross-correlation auto-correlation-1

10-2
10-3
10-410MC w/o any contamination
including non-Gaussian dist.-5-4-3-2-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

Bias estimator : null = Cl / l

Cross-correlation successfully removed the residual bias

We passed null test ! Ready to open the box !!37

/ &+3234,53930

.!"  !" %"(!!""  #'.&(!!.&(!!"' !"""3!"*4 
!!""'"   - >2,87?2,32   36< ==

+(C6)61=9@. "(5456)75=5/,&+(B4)79A5)4:+4)<;-CBB (+1)/2π [μK2]102101100

10-110-2  

Primordial+Lensing
Primordial (r = 0.2)
Gravitational Lensing 

QUIET
BICEP
QUaDWMAP 87&,;)905*7 +5-$#!10-3

19 detectors
%50

 ,B5<4*$  +6500
#*944QUIET 2500 detectors

90 detectors    #$!" 

Metal mirror(rotating)Blackbody Emitter
HArray (Tload)

500mmBlackbody pyramid array (CR-112)          # "!" Blackbody Emitter
LArray (Tload)

Cryocooler

Polarimeter 1!#2
:/  ;

"(%$#!<!($)87)8779  / !#!"(%$#!<!($0;9 "(%$6;!($/!#)7 $%*0." <55+-$!(&! $6<%$"$06!#0 !#!(0!(&!
 !) %  "!, !     '(   ! /  *0..20./.+*0.//+0*0./$+& *,1&...+ #
& &* +*!  +*0&2..+%  +)*,%  +)**#+)*+  &+))-%'!!$ +))-%+)** (+)+) &' CBB (+1)/2π [μK2]. $ $102

101

Primordial+Lensing
Primordial (r = 0.2)
Gravitational Lensing

QUIET
BICEP
QUaD
WMAP

100

10-1

10-2

10-3

 .3!   65) .3$  !50

 /8372-!% ($ $' 
500
,,  .4

' !% (8 /2,230
#!% (& %$  $     $ $ $+( !    05(+60,)1+!1,!#!!$05 ) *1'
**
7/'0/7/'/0!+702/),

"$!!$&-/'05
""&-/'0 -4# !%"!"76( 0 &*4345+64:41

!"!'!"#  "" , .+!/*?4=!!  ""'*4+9!! !%"#

-!* >3+4.# '!&  >3+3423+43/      

• "  % "' %"% •  !"! % " !'!"+   %#–  &:8(!" %"! #!• `Mx~sNal}v|~oz}@`&.=– VU[Kl}v|~oz}a0$`Hmu{n~)+\hOj#+*(+/ •T`GS!#.^x~s5_ iZZOj– _\hK-9`ty~pSEdY[hA\a^P"• cRQg_<QbKG'`/1aPeXi*– 46>`+;^]K3(_7jWg`?Da–   %+a"G\ 8`46>kC& #+*+,$-+0+'$$ #4+3P• -`LS,`rqw_FPBf aP_Oj•G`2:%a.(+. IJ