HTT30-P01

Room:Convention Hall

Time:May 25 18:15-19:30

Dose rate mapping by UAV and application to radioactive contamination area
KONDOH, Akihiko1∗ ; TANAKA, Kei2 ; HAYAZAKI, Yuka3 ; HAMA, Akira4 ; XIAOKAITI, Aji1 ;YAMAGUCHI, Hidetoshi5 ; HAYAKAWA, Toshio6
1

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, 2 Japan Map Center, 3 Department of Earth Sciences, Chiba University, 4 Earth Science Course, Faculty of Science, Chiba University, 5 SWR Inc., 6 Taiyo Engineering, Ltd.
Dose rate mapping in radioactively contaminated area is inevitable to make acknowledgement to live in the land, and to monitor external dose continuously. As convenient tool to measure dose rate especially in mountain area, we develop the system tomeasure dose rate by UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). The system is applied to two regions in Fukushima Prefecture. At theJpGU meeting, examples of practical use of UAV system will be presented.

Keywords: dose rate, unmanned aerial vehicle, nuclear disaster, Fukushima, Structure from Motion, Digital Surface Model

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HTT30-P02

Room:Convention HallTime:May 25 18:15-19:30

A method for measuring surface rupture displacement by using UAV - Application to the2014 Kamishiro fault earthquake
ISHIGURO, Satoshi1∗ ; KUMAHARA, Yasuhiro2 ; NAKATA, Takashi2 ; GOTO, Hideaki2 ; WATANABE, Mitsuhisa3 ;MIYAUCHI, Takahiro4 ; KAGOHARA, Kyoko5 ; SUGITO, Nobuhiko6 ; MATSUTA, Nobuhisa7 ; HIROUCHI, Daisuke8 ;GEOMORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH GROUP, For the 2014 kamishiro fault earthquake11NIES, 2 Hiroshima University, 3 Toyo University, 4 Chiba University, 5 Yamaguchi University, 6 Hosei University, 7 Okayama
University, 8 Shinshu University
The surface ruptures associated with the 2014 Kamishiro fault earthquake (Mj 6.7), central Japan was photographed by digitalcameras mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and a high pole. The resulting Digital Surface Model (DSM) generatedusing the Structure from Motion (SfM) -Multi-View Stereo (MVS) software enabled accurate measurement of the terrain section,
as well as variations in directions and amounts of three-dimensional surface displacements. Imaging technology mounted on aUAV is used to obtain widespread surface measurements, while the pole camera is used for the detailed photography of importantlocations. The accuracy of the DSM will be confirmed by the comparison of our findings with the measurements by othermethods, such as auto-level, Total Station, and terrestrial LiDAR.
As a result, we were able to create a DSM of a resolution of a few centimeters. The shaded diagram of the DSM indicatesthe following: 1) Surface rupture has propagated in an intricately bent and branched manner. 2) Small-scale deformation anddeformation along several meters of width have taken place. Subsequently, this DSM was compared with the cross-sectional
survey and measurements carried out by the auto-level and LiDAR, and it was confirmed that the DSM is characterized by fine
topographic changes. However, an error of about 10 cm could have been present depending on the location.

Keywords: The 2014 Kamishiro fault earthquake, surface rupture, UAV, SfM-MVS, Ultra-high-resolution DSM

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HTT30-P03

Room:Convention Hall

Time:May 25 18:15-19:30

Accuracy validation of DSM that has been generated by UAV and SfM-MVS, Part3
OGURA, Takuro1∗
1

Graduate School of Human and Socio-Environmental Studies,Kanazawa University

Preface
Nowadays, more and more people are drawing attention to a measuring technique using UAV and SfM-MVS(Structure fromMotion). Using this technique enable us to obtain the topographical information of the spatio-temporal resolution. This technique
has applied to information acquisition of the initial stage of the disaster, measurement of the amount of displayment of landslide
configuratio and active fault terrain, and utilizes to generate ultra high quality resolution DSM which only has a few cm resolution
images. On the other hand, any of the research has tried to take a shot of a micro object, such as gravel of the riverbed, from sky
and then turn it to DSM. Verification of accuracy has not yet done sufficiently as well.
This essay is going to write about the best way to take picture from sky and analyzing method on SfM-MVS, in order to turna few cm micro objects into DSM, through various experimental set-up.
Experiment technique
Set acrylic plate as a criteria surface, and place three bricks (height respectively 6, 12, 18cm), then photographed them fromthe air by UAV. These bricks intrinsic merit is fixed. After, process captured images with SfM-MVS software, and produced
the DSM. Display DSM on GIS, extracts their DSM of each center of the brick and the criteria plane and tried to calculate
individual value. Average, maximum, minimum, and standard deviation of the extracted individual values were compared withother experimental data and intrinsic merit. I used DJI Phantom2 Vision+ as UAV, Agisoft PhotoScan Professional 1.1.2 as
SfM-MVS, and ArcGIS 10.2 as GIS.
There are 6 experimental set-ups, for taking pictures from sky.
Exp.1 Take pictures from different height; 5m, 10m and 20m.
Exp.2 Change the number of photo to analyze; 10, 20, 50, 100 and 150.
Exp.3 Change the position of GCP in 4 ways, on the criteria plane and on the bricks, only on the criteria plane, only on thebricks, only on top of the bricks and the criteria plane.
Exp.4. Manually compensate the GCP which is automatically granted by SfM-MVS.
Exp.5. Change the setting of the Camera calibration on SfM-MVS, using the new faculty of PhotoScan1.1.1.
Exp.6 Change the tile angle of the camera.
Setting for Exp.5 and Exp.6 are provided on the day of experiment.
Result
The result of Exp.1 shows that DSM resolution differed by the heights; 0.6cm in ground advanced 5m, 1cm in ground altitude
10m, 2cm in ground elevation 20m. As the flight altitude got higher, the advance height of DSM on bricks and standard deviation
became smaller. Also, higher the flight altitude

Keywords: UAV, SfM-MVS, Super high-resolution DSM, Accuracy validation

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HTT30-P04

Room:Convention Hall

Time:May 25 18:15-19:30

The development of ultra-high resolution 3D measurement system by a multicopter using
the latest laser scannerIZUMI, Takeki1∗ ; TSUZUKU, Masashi2 ; KUMAKURA, Kiyoshi3
1

Tokyo Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, 2 Nakanihon Air Service CO.,LTD, 3 RIEGLJAPAN LTDIn recent years, unmanned helicopters, especially multicopters which have multiple rotors, have been developed rapidly andthe compact laser scanner which can load on them have been also developed. RIEGL VUX-1, ultra-lightweight compact laser
scanner, was released in 2014. This scanner is assumed to load on unmanned aerial vehicles. The specifications of the scannerare as follows: weight 3.6kg, size 227∗180∗125mm, a large field of view (330 degrees) and a high measurement rate of 500,000
points / seconds. The scanner also corresponds to multiple targets processing by the waveform analysis.
In this study, at first a multicopter that can be loaded with this latest laser scanner was newly developed. In the second, attempts
to ultra-high-definition 3D measurement will be done by the new multicopter with the scanner.
The accuracy verification test was done by the unmanned helicopter YAMAHA RMAX L18 with a gasoline engine. This test
was done by Nakanihon Air Service CO.,LTD, RIEGL JAPAN LTD and KoHaTa Inc. in Oct. 2014. As a result of horizontal
direction verification, vertical direction verification and small object identification verification, it was revealed that the system
can grasp the small step of the relative height 1cm unit as Fig.1.
The influence of the vibration of the engine was concerned, but the effect of vibration was relatively small comparing with theactual aircraft. This may be because the high frequency vibration was dominant. The newly developed multicopter moved by themotors for reducing the vibration, it is considered to be able to ensure the accuracy with the smaller and lighter IMU.
The new multicopter is designed to be able to exert maximum performance of the sensor. Considering the VUX-1 transmission
and reception of the laser, the shape of the multicopter around the sensor was specially designed so that be able to acquire the330 degree wide viewing angle data from low altitude flight. This makes it possible to create a wide area and high speed ultrahigh-resolution 3D model of terrain and structures from the sky to the same extent of the accuracy by ground-based laser scanner
measurement.
This new measurement system is considered as effective where measurements from the ground level are difficult, such as thelandslide disaster. Various applications, such as early condition ascertainment, prevention of secondary disaster and recovery andreconstruction planning are expected by this system.
It is planned to upgrade the system to retrieve data in various weather conditions and to view and print the measurement results
in real time in disaster area. After upgrading, the system will be used in the activities of ”Tokyo Metropolitan University Disaster
Investigation & Assistance Special Team by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles” in a real disaster field.
Acknowledgments
We would like to give a special thanks to Mr. Mitsunori KOHATA, the president of KoHaTa Inc. This research was partially
supported by RISTEX, JST.
Keywords: Unmanned Arial Vehicle, Laser scanner, 3D measurement, Mmulticopter, Drone

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HTT30-P05

Room:Convention Hall

Time:May 25 18:15-19:30

Glacier change analysis in Tien Shan using digital camera images
YAMAMOTO, Ryohei1∗ ; NARAMA, Chiyuki1 ; TADONO, Takeo21

Department of Environmental Science, Niigata University, 2 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agenc

In mountainous regions of Central Asia, benchmark glaciers which mass balance has been observed for a long time period are
Abramov, Golubin, Karabatkak, Tuyuksu, and Urumqi No.1 Glaciers (UNEP, 2007). Because of collapse of the former Soviet
Union, some glaciers had been stopped to observe in the late 1990s. Observation of glacier mass balance has some problems suchas optimal glacier to the survey, approach, greater burden budget and effort for observation. Although there are reports of massbalance changes using digital elevation model (DEM) generated from satellite data, it is difficult to calculate the annual variationof glacier surface in arid or semi arid region using DEM for small scale glaciers. In this study, we researched glacier mass changeof small glaciers in Tien Shan, using SfM (Structure from Motion) and digital camera images from aerial. Average annual massbalance of small scale glacier (0.129km2 ) was -1042mm/a−1 between ALOS/PRISM DEM (2006) and Camera DEM (2014).
We found that it is effective to use digital images taken from the aerial for glacier research.
Keywords: mall-scale glacier, mass balance, Tien Shan, digital camera image, DEM

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HTT30-P06

Room:Convention Hall

Time:May 25 18:15-19:30

Research method development by using UAV over restricted areas of volcanoes
FUJIWARA, Shinya1∗ ; TEZUKA, Munehiro1 ; MORIYAMA, Yuji1 ; SHIMADA, Toru1 ; SAKAGAMI, Masayuki1 ;KANAI, Hiromichi1 ; NAGATANI, Keiji2 ; IZU, Tomoyuki3
1

Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd., 2 Tohoku Univ., 3 Enroute Co., Ltd.

It is known that deformation and tephra fallout by volcanic eruptions could cause severe geographical changes around thecrater. If some volcanic ash emitted from the crater can be collected, we have a greater chance of getting information on its
magma reservoir and its eruption type, and by examining the contents of volcanic ash, we may be able to assess the possibilityof an occurrence of a secondary disaster such as debris flows.
We have been conducting a series of field test for collecting ash or gravels from volcanic area, obtaining images at crater andcreating DSM by using UAV and other devices. In this study, we present methods and results based on a field test conducted inSakurajima volcano, in December, 2014.
The UAV used in this project is ZionQC730 by Enroute Co., Ltd., equipped with four pieces of propellers. At Sakurajima, wesend this device from lower Kurokami River to over Showa crater. Translational distance from take-off point to the crater was
about 3,700 m, at altitude 1,200 m, flying distance of 8,000 m with speed of 10 m/s, and flight duration was approximately 20
minutes per flight. 56 % of the battery remains after a flight under the wind speed 5 m/s. A total of three flight experiment wasconducted to the crater and at each flight, 4K resolution images were successfully obtained. Though lower in resolution, the UAV
also provided real-time images during these flights. As stated above, it is possible to obtain high-resolution images at restricted
area by these UAVs.
We used 300 images obtained at upstream area of Kurokami River to create DSM by using several utilizing structure frommotion (SfM) softwares, and compare them in terms of their accuracies, point densities, and model creation times.
We then assess the difference between existing laser profilers (LP) and our models. As a result, we found that these softwares
had a little difference for data accuracies while point densities differed significantly. We also found a few meter differences invertical direction when not employing GCPs. Usually erupting volcanoes do not allow little time to set them up, therefore wehave to resolve the problem as to fix this inaccuracy.
In this project, we attached a special device to UAV to collect samples of volcanic ash from the surface. This device equips amotor to rotate double rollers inwards to collect soils. It has been used successfully in some test fields.
We collected soil from Kurokami River sediment using above device. The rainfall from the previous day might cause hardersoil and collecting insufficient amount of sample. In the future, it may be necessary to be able to make changes to the physicalstructure of the device according to soil conditions.

Keywords: UAV, Sakurajima, Volcano

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