Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)

東京外国語大学博士学位論文

論文の英文要旨
A contrastive study on the use of the address terms
論文題目in Uzbek and Japanese氏

名Halnazarov Maamoorjon

The purpose of this study is to explore the lexical system and the practical use of "Forms ofAddress" in Uzbek from a contrastive viewpoint with Japanese. In particular, by focusing on
kinship terms, personal pronouns and nicknames.
The current study is based on linguistic materials such as questionnaire-based surveys withrespect to Uzbek native speakers and a large number of examples extracted manually fromnumerous literary works of modern Uzbek language and it concentrates mainly on the usage ofkinship terms in Uzbek, from the perspective of sociolinguistics. In attempting to analyze theusage of "Forms of Address", various social factors such as age, gender, social status, formality
and others were considered.
This paper consists of seven chapters. They were summarized as follows.
The first chapter is the introduction, which includes the background, research problem,purpose, limitation and organization of the study.
The second chapter provides an outline of Uzbek grammar.
The third chapter introduces and reviews the notions of kinship, personal pronouns and termsof endearment and its classifications.
The fourth chapter is devoted to "Personal Pronouns". This study focuses on second-person
pronouns, that's why other forms of personal pronouns such as first-person pronouns and thirdperson pronouns have been excluded from the research because of limited scope of the study.
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東京外国語大学博士学位論文

Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)This study will attempt to examine the rules and frequencies of address forms like secondperson pronouns "T" and "V" between Uzbek speakers. It will shed light on the rules and patternsof address that people employ in their interactions with others in using of the intimate or formal(honorific) pronouns such as T(sen) and V( siz) according to the age of the hearers.
Uzbek, has two personal pronouns for a singular addressee, the familiar or intimate "sen" andformal or honorific "siz". Historically, the pronoun "siz" is mainly used as second person plural.
In many previous studies, the usage of two-person pronoun "siz" in modern Uzbek have been
introduced as plural. But now it is considered as the form of formal and honorific address to asingle person.
This study reveals the differences in context and usage of second-person pronouns in Uzbek
and Japanese languages. The analysis has been based on a large number of examples extracted
manually from numerous literary works and it discusses lexical meanings of second-person
pronouns. Firstly, to clarify the real usage of "siz" in modern Uzbek, focusing on the plural andsingular usage of the pronoun. Secondly, to clarify the differences between "sen" and "siz" incontext.
Results indicated that second-person pronoun "siz" is mainly used for singular address inmodern Uzbek. It is rarely used for plural. In modern Uzbek, "sizlar" is mainly used as secondperson plural.
The fifth chapter is devoted to "Kinship Terms". The aim of this study is to analyze and clarify
the characteristics of terms of address for kinship in Uzbek from the perspective ofsociolinguistics, focusing on the Chinaz dialect. As a framework of analysis, the use of terms ofaddress for kinship has been divided into two groups, that is, (1) blood relationship, and (2) inlaw relationship. The analysis has been made on the basis of the data obtained from survey
carried out from May to July 2009, targeting 11 Uzbek native speakers residing in the city ofChinaz.
Results indicated that kinship terms are commonly used to call elder members of the family.
It is also possible to use kinship terms to call younger members of the family, though it is notcommon. The relatives younger than the speaker, such as younger siblings, children and so on,
are referred to or addressed by their first name. Therefore, family members from the samegeneration are distinguished according to their ages; elder brothers are addressed by kinshipterms and younger brothers by first names.
The important point of the kinship address terms is that the viewpoint is usually fixed on theyoungest member of the family. For example, it is not uncommon at all for a man with a kid tocall his wife “onasi” (his/her mother) and for his wife to call her husband “dadasi” (his/her2東京外国語大学博士学位論文

Doctoral thesis (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)father), because it is based on the kid’s viewpoint.
Compared with Japanese, the following was clarified.
Kinship terms are commonly used to call elder members of the family in both languages. Butin Uzbek, it is also possible to use kinship terms to call the younger members of the family, but
it is not common. The relatives younger than the speaker, such as younger siblings, children andso on, are referred to or addressed by their first names in both languages. However some
exceptions and differences are found in the actual situation.
The sixth chapter is devoted to "Nicknames". This study examines the similarities anddifferences between Uzbek and Japanese languages about the morphological construction ofnicknames. It mainly researches and examines the morphology of nicknames in Uzbek, and on
Japanese, it only reviews data of the research by Yuhei Yasutomi.
The Survey was carried out by showing 494 examples of Uzbek names to 14 Uzbek native
speakers and asking to answer the nickname of the examples that the respondents knew.
According to the results of the survey, Uzbek nicknames are divided into 2 types; one is madeby abbreviation, and the other is made by suffixation.
Moreover, 3 suffixes that form Uzbek nicknames are found out. These suffixes have not been
mentioned in earlier studies.
The abbreviation and the suffixation are also used in morphology of nicknames in Japanese.
However, when Japanese nicknames are made from both first name and family name, Uzbek
nicknames are made only from a first name.
The final chapter 7 presents a concise summary of the major results of each chapter andoffers some suggestions for future study in this area.
As such, the present study demonstrates various similarities and differences in the use of theaddress terms in Uzbek and Japanese.
The significance of the study lies in the fact that it is based on linguistic materials such asquestionnaire-based surveys with respect to Uzbek native speakers and a large number ofexamples extracted manually from numerous literary works of modern Uzbek language and it
concentrates mainly on the usage of kinship terms in Uzbek and various social factors such asage, gender, social status, formality and others were considered.

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