What came first: the DNA or protein? Discovery The discovery of ribozymes and thehypothesis of the RNA world hahaves given this question another dimension. Enzymes waswere the only known natural catalysts to the discovery of ribozymes.

Ribozymes (also known as RNA enzyme enzymes or catalytic RNA) are RNA particles thatcatalyze biochemic biochemical reactionreactions. Thomas Cech and Sidney Altman were thefirst to discover ribozymes during the 1980s and later went on later to investigate their thecatalytic properties. Thomas Cech found that splicing of introns in a ribosomal RNA in theribosomal RNA gene in Tetrahymena thermophila were found to occurred in the absence ofadditional cell extracts. Sidney Altman and his colleagues, separated discovered the bacterial
RNase P, an enzyme responsible for changing a precursor to active tRNA. However, it wasComment [A1]: A comma is not used to separate
the subject and the verb and has therefore been
deleted here.

found that in addition to the proteins, the enzyme also contained RNA that could stimulate
the cleavage of precursor tRNA into tRNA in the absence of the protein component. AlsoIn
addition, Thomas Cech gave reached the conclusion that the intron sequence of the RNA
cancould break and reform phosphodiesterphosdiester bonds. They won the Nobel Prize inchemistry for the same thing in 1989. Natural ribosomes ribozymes catalyze the hydrolysis of
their own phosphodiester bonds. They also catalyze the aminotransferase activity. They
Further, they also catalyze the hydrolysis of the other RNA. They are termed as Ribozymes
ribozymesare so called because they act are as specific as enzymes in terms of theirspecificity and belong to RNA. However, they are different from enzymes because of thefollowing reasons:

1) Unlike enzymes, ribozymes do not require a specific pH and temperature.
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Comment [A2]: In academic writing,information should be presented with accuracy. At
this instance, the term “ribosomes” refers to a cellorganelle, whereas “ribozymes” refers to catalytic
RNA. This typographical error has been revised foraccuracy.

2) Ribozymes consists of nucleotides.
3) They do not have well- defined regions, such as active site and catalyzed catalytic
sites.
4) They can act on a very small amounts of substances but perform a more limited set ofinstructionsactions.

MA any number of ribozymes have been discovered till date. The discovery of naturally
occurring ribozymes is increasing, along with which the synthesis of several artificial
ribozymes have also been synthesized. Due to Because of their abilities, ribozymes havebeen investigated for applications as therapeutic agents and, biosensors, as well as and in
genomics functions and discovery of genes.

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Comment [A3]: A plural noun must be
accompanied by a plural verb. Here, as the noun is“ribozymes,” a plural verb has been used.
Comment [A4]: A compound modifier contains 2
or more words, which act together as one adjective
and are connected by hyphens. Hyphens are usedwith these terms so that their meaning is understoodclearly.