Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) areis a rare tumors of small intestinal tumore, which arises from themusculalris mucosa or muscularis propria and mainly occurs in the 6th decade of life, with

Comment [A1]: In academic writing,abbreviations must be defined at the first instanceand then used consistently thereafter.
Formatted: verd, Leftslight male preponderance. The most common site of occurrence of LMS in the small
intestine is the jejunum, followed by the ileum and then duodenum. The Its common
presentations manifestations include abdominal mass, abdominal pain, and or overt
gastrointestinal bleeding. .They are mainly seen in 6th decade of life with slight male
preponderance. In general, the Ppreoperative diagnosis of small intestinal tumors such as
LMSs is difficult, especially in terms of differentiating between benign and malignant
tumors. For LMS in small intestine, According to a recent review of literature review,
revealed that computed tomography (CT)- and magnetic resonance (MRI)- enterography andenteroclysis are good optionsmodalities for the assessment of LMS. Cases of sSuperficial
lesions, which can be missed by both CT and MRI imaging, can however be detected bywater capsule endoscopy, with a detection rate of around approximately 80%. Histologically,
LMS resembles like gastrointestinal stromal tumorGIST,; however, on immunohistochemical
analysis, it has been found to be negative for they are CD117 and CD34 negative byimmunohistochemistry and positive for smooth muscle antigen actin (SMA) and desmin.
When the size of LMS these tumors are is more than 5 cm, they it commonly spread canhematogenously spread to the liver (65%), other gastrointestinalGI organs (15%), and thelungs (4%). It also has the capability tocan also spread via the lymphatics system (13%) orvia peritoneal route (18%). The only effective treatment for small intestine LMS is surgery.
The primary tumor should be excised radically, including a wide resection of the mesentry.
The Rresponse of LMS to chemotherapy is doubtfulunknown,, and there is no role forradiotherapy does not play a role in treatment. Therefore, surgery is the only effective
treatment for LMS in the small intestine. The primary tumor should be excised radically, withAll material in this document is the intellectual property of Crimson Interactive Pvt. Ltd. The use of informationand content in this document in whole or in part is forbidden unless express permission has been given inwriting by Crimson Interactive Pvt. Ltd.

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Comment [A2]: A nonrestrictive clause is aclause that adds additional or nonessential
information to a sentence. Such clauses are usuallyseparated by commas. Here, as the clause provides
additional information about detection of superficial
lesions, it is separated by a comma.
Comment [A3]: In general, terms that are used
only once in the manuscript need not be abbreviated.

wide resection of the mesentery. If possible, Therefore, mmetastasectomy, if possible, should
be considered. Large phase II and III studies trials involving the combination of combining
docetaxel and gemcitabine have reported yielded impressive response rates for in LMSs
(mostly of uterine origin). However, some studies others were have not been able to confirm
the efficacy of this combination. Recently, tTrabectedin has recently showed response rates
of up to 56% for in LMSs, and it has appeared to be especially particularly useful against in
far-advanced and metastatic LMSs after failure of the combination of anthracyclines andifosfamide combination therapy.

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Comment [A4]: The information in this section
has been re-arranged for better understanding of why
surgery is the only preferred treatment option forLMS.