1
高知リハビリテーション専門職大学

学力試験

令和 2 年度

一般入試（C 日程）

コミュニケーション英語Ⅰ・Ⅱ

Ⅰ. 次の英文を読んで、以下の 1～4 の問いに答えなさい。
Cleaning your teeth often, every day, is linked to a lower risk for heart problems. A new study found that brushing your teeth
several times a day resulted in fewer cases of heart failure1 and atrial fibrillation2.
Heart failure happens ①when the heart cannot do its job of pumping blood through the body.
What the research found is that brushing your teeth three times a day, or more, was linked to a ten percent lower risk of atrial
fibrillation. It was also linked to a twelve percent lower risk of heart failure.
You may wonder, how are teeth health and heart health connected? Earlier research suggests that not taking care to clean
and brush teeth leads to bacteria in the blood. This can cause inflammation3, and increases the risk for unusual heartbeat andheart failure.
A study last year by the American Heart Association showed that brushing your teeth twice a day for at least two minutes
may lower the risk of heart diseases.
That study looked at a smaller group of fewer than 700 people. The AHA said that ②the researchers found that people whobrushed less than twice a day for less than two minutes were three times more at risk, compared to those who brush at least
twice a day for two minutes.
Gums4 are the soft tissue5 structure that hold the teeth. They need to be cleaned as well. Experts say if gums are not cared
for this way they can become inflamed. They say there is a connection between such inflammation and future heart disease.
The American Dental Association agrees. The organization said, “This study is interesting, and while it may suggest anassociation6 between tooth brushing and heart health, it does not show a direct connection.”
To have good oral health, the ADA advises people to: Brush their teeth twice a day for two minutes each time with a fluoride7
toothpaste; Clean between their teeth once per day; Maintain a healthy diet; See a dentist regularly.
(註)heart failure1 心不全、心臓麻痺

atrial fibrillation2 心房細動 (不整脈の一種)

gums4 歯茎

association6

tissue5 組織

fluoride7

関連

inflammation3 炎症

フッ素化合の

1 下線部①の英文を日本語になおしなさい。
2 下線部②の「研究者たち(researchers)」はどんなことを発見したのですか、日本語で具体的に述べなさい。
3 本文の内容に即して、以下の表の空欄を埋めなさい。
risk の低下

病名(ア)%

(イ)

(ウ)

%(エ)

1 日 3 回以上のブラッシング

4 以下の英文で、本文の内容と一致するものには T を、一致しないものには F を記しなさい。
(1) Brushing your teeth for at least two minutes create better blood flow to the heart.
(2) Bacteria from the mouth can travel in blood, which causes inflammation.
(3) Researchers have not yet discovered the clear relationship between tooth brushing and heart health.
(4) We should use an electric toothbrush with fluoride paste.
(5) The American Heart Association points out that it proves that poor tooth care causes heart diseases.

2
Ⅱ. 次の 1～3 の英文を読み、それぞれの質問に答えなさい。
1

The number of young people in Africa is growing. So is the number of older people in Asia. In fact, the United Nations says
that, very soon, every fifth person in the world will be over the age of sixty.
(問) 下線部を和訳しなさい。

2

According to UNESCO, a language is endangered when its speakers stop using it, it is spoken in fewer and fewer areas, orthe language has stopped being passed on to the next generation. Once a language is extinct, it means it is no longer the first
tongue that children learn at home and the language’s last speaker died within the last five decades, according to the agency.
(問) ユネスコによると、ある言語が消滅の危機にさらされるのは、どんなケースだと述べられていますか、日本語で三点について答えなさい。

3An El Niño is a weather event, which can cause extreme weather around the world. An El Niño comes along about every
two to seven years as part of a natural cycle. It is caused by warmer than usual water in parts of the Pacific Ocean, between
South America and Australia, and creates unusually hot and stormy weather. Warm air from the west blows into the Pacific
Ocean and heats it up just below the surface.
(問) El Niño とはどのような現象ですか。英文の内容にそって、以下の(1)～(4)について、日本語で簡潔に述べなさい。
(1) 特徴(2) 発生頻度(3) 発生原因(4) 発生場所

Ⅲ. 次の各英文の( * )内に入る最も適切な語(句)を選び、その記号を答えなさい。
(1) After my long illness, I’m looking forward ((A) be(B) to be(2) He had his teeth ((A) check(3) You’d better (* ) back in school again.
(C) being(D) to being(C) checking(D) to check* ) by the dentist.
(B) checked* ) the greasy food, like fast foods. They’re fattening.

(A) keep up on(B) take part in(C) keep away from(D) take after(4) My grandmother asked me to ( * ) her plants while she was in the hospital.
(A) look after(B) put on(C) keep on(5) Doctors recommend genetic tests for women ((A) who(B) whoseⅣ. 次の日本文の意味に合うように、【(D) make out* ) close relatives have had breast cancer.
(C) whom(D) which】内の語(句)を並べ替え、2 番目と 5 番目にくる語(句)の記号を答えなさい。

(1) ちょっと注意したら、その事故は防げていたでしょうに。
【 ア would, イ a little, ウ prevented, エ have, オ care, カ the accident 】.
(2) この本を読むと、予防医学のことがよくわかります。
【 ア a good idea, イ us, ウ of, エ this book, オ gives 】preventive medicine.
(3) 今までに手術をうけたことがありますか。
【 ア have, イ ever, ウ had, エ an operation, オ you 】before?
(4) 糖尿病は、体が十分なインスリンを生成しない場合に発症します。
Diabetes occurs when【ア your body, イ enough, ウ does not, エ produce, オ insulin 】.
(5) 二週間の安静が必要です。
You【ア stay,イ bed, ウ for, エ must, オ two weeks, カ in 】.

3
Ⅴ. 次の(1)～(10)の語(句)の定義として最も適切なものを、下の欄のア～コから選び、その記号を答えなさい。
(1) nutritionist(2) diagnosis(3) physician(4) urine(5) blood vessel(6) syndrome(7) liver(8) sneeze(9) caregiver(10) bedsore

アa person who takes care of a sick or old peopleイ

any of the tubes through which blood flows through the bodyウa person who is an expert on the relationship between food and healthエa set of physical conditions that show you have a particular disease or medical problem

オa doctor, especially one who is a specialist in general medicine and not surgery

カ

the waste liquid that collects in the bladder and that you pass from your bodyキthe act of discovering or identifying the exact cause of an illness or a problem

ク

a painful and sometimes infected place on a person’s skin, caused by lying in bed for a long timeケa large organ in the body that cleans the blood and produces bileコto have air come suddenly and noisily out through your nose and mouth in a way that you cannot control,
for example, because you have a cold