No. 18 July 2017

■Japan Environmental Sanitation Center

JESC NEWSNo. 18July 2017

Ⅰ. Report of JESC Activities
3R Conferences for Asian Local Governments, organized by JESC
JESC has organized the 3R Conferences for
Asian Local Governments since 2008, forpurposes of information exchange anddiscussion for solving problems among Asian
Local Governments taking charge of wastemanagement. In the past conferences, various
local governments from Asian countries haveshared their 3R implementation progress andachievements.

【The 9th 3R Conference in FYJ*1 2016】
On 31st January 2017, the 9th 3R Conferencewas held at Hamamatsu City. The theme of the
8th and 9th Conferences was "3R Development
by City-to-City Cooperation".
Four (4) Asian local governments, namelyBandung City (Indonesia), Kota Kinabalu City(Malaysia), Da Nang City (Vietnam), andBangkok City (Thailand), and four (4) local
governments from Japan, namely Hamamatsu
City, Akita City, Osaka City, and Yokohama
City, took part in the Conference. About

one hundred thirty (130) people participated in
the Conference as the audience. The result ofthe Conference was concluded as the"Hamamatsu Declaration".
【The 8th 3R Conference in FYJ 2015】
The contents of the 8th 3R Conference in 2015
are as follows:
Date: 5th November 2015
Place: Yokkaichi City, Mie Prefecture
Participants: from six (6) Asian localgovernments and six (6) local governments inJapanThe 10th 3R Conference is currently being
planned. Soon after deciding the details, wewill publish them on our website.
URL:
http://www.jesc.or.jp/activity/tabid/104/Default.aspx(Makoto YAMAMOTO)*1"FYJ" is the abbreviation of "Fiscal Year of Japan"

Regional 3R Forums in Asia and the Pacific, entrusted by the Ministry of the Environment, JapanThe 6th and 7th Regional 3R Forums in Asiaand the Pacific were conducted in FYJ 2015and 2016.
The contents of each forum are summarized asfollows:【The 7th 3R Forum】
Theme: "Advancing 3R and Resource
Efficiency for the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development"
Date: 4th to 6th November 2016
Place: Adelaide, Australia①

■Japan Environmental Sanitation Center

Organizers:
Australian Government
Office of Green Industries SA
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial
Research Organization (CSIRO)
Ministry of the Environment, Japan
United Nations Centre for Regional
Development (UNCRD)
Audience: about 350 people from 41 countries【The 6th 3R Forum】
Theme:"3R as an Economic Industry-Next Generation 3R Solutions for a
Resource-Efficient Society and Sustainable
Tourism Development in Asia and thePacific-"
Date: 17th to 19th August 2015
Place: Male, Republic of Maldives
Organizers:

Ministry of Environment and Energy,
Maldives
Ministry of Tourism, Maldives
Ministry of the Environment, Japan
United Nations Centre for Regional
Development (UNCRD)
Pre-event: "MALDIVES 3R DAYS"
Audience: about 300 people from 39 countries

You can see details of these forums on thewebsite of UNCRD, shown as follows:【The 7th 3R Forum】
http://www.uncrd.or.jp/?page=view&nr=961&t
ype=13&menu=198【The 6th 3R Forum】
http://www.uncrd.or.jp/index.php?page=view&nr=905&type=13&menu=375(Makoto YAMAMOTO)

Expert Meetings on SWAPI, entrusted by the Ministry of the Environment, JapanThe 16th Expert Meetings on Solid Waste
Management in Asia and Pacific Islands(SWAPI) was held as follows:【The 16th Expert Meeting】
Date: 21st -23rd December 2016
Venue: HOTEL MIELPARQUE TOKYO

Number of Participants: 161 in total
Program:
FYJ2016

AMDec.
21stSWAPI Expert
MeetingDec.
22ndSpecial Session Ⅰ:Incineration as aTreatment of Waste

Dec.
23rdSpecial Session Ⅲ:
Disaster Waste
Management in
Asia and PacificIslandsPM
Presentation ofResearch Projects- Projects for
Establishing aSound
Material-Cycle
Society Special Session
Ⅱ:
Segregation and3R of Waste
SWAPI Expert
Meeting②■Japan Environmental Sanitation Center

There were four (4) presentations in"Presentation of Research Projects" on 21stDec. From 22nd Dec., there were three (3)sessions under the themes of "Incineration asa Treatment of Waste", "Segregation and 3Rof Waste" and "Disaster Waste Managementin the Asia and Pacific Region".
(Kana NAKAMURA)

Training courses in Japan within the framework of“The Project for Fostering Japan’s Recycling Industries and Promoting Their
Environmental Business Overseas”, entrusted by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan
The implementation of training courses forfostering Japanese industries and promoting
their environmental business overseas has
been entrusted to JESC by the Ministry ofthe Environment, Japan since 2012.
In JFY 2015, JESC implemented six (6)courses and forty-two (42) participants fromten (10) countries took part in the program.
(Bangladesh, Indonesia, Kenya, Malaysia,
the Maldives, Nepal, the Philippines, Russia,
South Africa and Thailand)

Themes of the courses (2015) are shown as
follows:
Recycling of Industrial Waste, Waste toEnergy,Comprehensive
SolidWaste
Management, Waste Management andRecycling.
In JFY 2016, JESC implemented six (6)courses and fifty-two (52) participants fromtwelve (12) countries took part in theprogram. (Bangladesh, Indonesia, Kenya,Malaysia, the Maldives, the Philippines,Russia, Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam,
Mozambique and Brazil)
Themes of the courses (2016) are shown as
below:
Recycling of Industrial and Hazardous Waste,Waste to Energy, Solid Waste Management,Comprehensive Solid Waste Management
Each training course consists of a one-weekprogram. In principle, participants arrive inJapan on Sunday. They take part in thetraining program from Monday to Friday, andreturn to their country on Saturday.
Participants learn about the history ofJapanese waste management and the latest
technology in a limited time period. They also
share information through a discussion
program.
(Makoto YAMAMOTO)

Original Training Course for Waste Management for the Maldives, organized by JESC
In the Maldives, Waste Management
Corporation Limited (WAMCO) was establishedin accordance with the Waste Management Actin 2016. Therefore, capacity building for thestaff in the Ministry of Environment andEnergy and in WAMCO becomes imperative inthe Maldives.
Under such situation, Hon. Deputy Minister Mr.
Ali Amir, Ministry of Environment and Energy,
the Maldives, had requested JESC to organize
an original training course for them to learn

about Japanese Waste Management.
In response to this request, JESC decided toaccept the participants from the Maldives andimplemented the training course for one (1)week in July 2016.
General information about the training course
is as follows:
Date: 11th to 15th July 2016
Venue: JESC Tokyo Office, etc.
Number of Participants: 10 in total※ 8 participants from WAMCO and 2③

■Japan Environmental Sanitation Center

participants from the Ministry ofEnvironment and Energy, the MaldivesIn this training course, the participants
attended lectures and visited facilities such as awaste transfer station, incineration plant, final
disposal site and recycling plant tocomprehensively
learn
about
wastemanagement.
(Kana NAKAMURA)

JICA Knowledge Co-Creation Programs, entrusted by JICA
JESCwasentrusted
withtheimplementation of Knowledge Co-Creation
Programs by JICA in JFYs 2015 and 2016.
【JFY 2015】
1) Comprehensive Waste Management
Date: 3rd July -7th August 2015
Number of Participants: 11 from 7 countries(Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El
Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama)
2) Water Environment Monitoring
Date: 7th September -16th October 2015
Number of Participants: 11 from 4 countries(Mexico, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam)
3) Capacity Building towards Air Quality
Management
Date: 19th October - 18th November 2015
Number of Participants: 10 from 6 countries(China, Ecuador, Egypt, Mexico, Mongolia,Vietnam)
4) Planning of Waste Incineration andEnergy Recovery for Municipal Solid Waste
Management for Iran
Date: 24th September - 16th October 2015
Number of Participants: 10 from Iran

Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador,Guatemala, Honduras, Panama)2) Capacity Building towards Air Quality
Management
Date: 7th July -10th August 2016
Number of Participants: 10 from 5 countries(China, Egypt, Mexico, Mongolia, Sudan)

3) Planning of Waste Incineration andEnergy Recovery for Municipal Solid Waste
Management for IranDate: 20th October - 11th November 2016
Number of Participants: 11 from Iran4) Water Environmental Management
Date: 20th February -1st March 2017
Number of Participants: 9 from China【JFY 2016】
1) Comprehensive Waste Management
Date: 8th June - 8th July 2016
Number of Participants: 12 from 6 countries,④

■Japan Environmental Sanitation Center5) Collection, Analysis and Dissemination ofData Regarding Solid Waste Management
Date: 20th February - 3rd March 2017
Number of Participants: 12 from 7 countries(Indonesia, Mozambique, Nigeria, Palau,Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Sudan)(Makoto YAMAMOTO)

Activities of Japan Sanitation Consortium (JSC)
Project Formulation Survey for thepromulgation of soil absorption system fortoilets in India
In India, wastewater treatment facilities
are not promulgated sufficiently andwastewater cannot be treated adequately.
Therefore, raw water is contaminated rapidly
and this causes diarrhea and other infectious
diseases. In addition, the distinctive social
class system, called the "Caste System",
prevents public hygiene from being improvedin India.

improvement of the public hygiene situation
is making extremely slow progress. The
maintenance cost of the TSS system, whichadopts stable treatment technology, is quite
low and the introduction of this system isexpected to improve the situation.

The Project aims to study the feasibility ofthe development of business for a soil
absorption system for toilets and tocontribute to the improvement of the publichygiene situation through the introduction ofthe TSS system, which is a Japaneseindividual waste water treatment system, toRajasthan and Madhya Pradesh in India. In
these administrative subdivisions, theFor the Project, four (4) organizations,including JESC, formed a Joint Venture. TheProject
Formulation
Surveywasimplemented from 2016 in collaboration witha local NGO through the counterparts of thegeneral governments with the support ofJICA, and it is expected to be developed into
an empirical survey in 2017.
(Akira MORITA)

Ⅱ. Writing Contribution by Participants in JESC Activities
Odor Problem Management in Thailand
The subjectivity of the human response toodor problems means that it is often not easy
to establish objective odor exposure
standards. However, these difficulties must
not preclude the use of objective
measurements
inassessing
potential
nuisances and in identifying control
measures, where these can be justified andare appropriate. In addition, complaints
about odor problems from industrial facilities,
agricultural practices, wastewater treatment,
solid waste disposal sites, household
activities and commercial premises are allcommon. In the case of Thailand, the numberof odor complaints is increasing year by year

accordingtothePollution
Control
Department (PCD), Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environment, which indicatedthat about 39% of complaints in 2014 (629cases) were odor problems, followed bydust/smoke in an ambient environment (25%)
and noise level nuisances in communities(17%), respectively. In fact, 56% of odor
complaints were about the industrial sector.
To investigate and control the offensive odor
problem in Thailand, a sensory test method
has been regulated under 2 main laws: theIndustrial Law of 2005 and the National
Environmental Quality Law of 2010, andabout 100 panelists have been selected and⑤

■Japan Environmental Sanitation Center

registered by the Air Quality and Noise
Management Bureau, PCD. In 2012, PCD’sOdor Laboratory was established and 2
mainly international standard methods havebeen applied: the Japanese Industrial
Standards (JIS) and the American Society for
Testing and Materials (ASTM). In addition,
the Triangular Odor Bag method (TOB) iscommonly used to test odorants in PCD’slaboratory.

Panelist Screening Test in PCD (1)Panelist Screening Test in PCD (2)Odor Laboratory in PCD Triangular Odor

(Ittipol Pawarmart / Kanjana Souysom - Air
Quality and Noise Management Bureau,
Pollution Control Department (PCD),
Ministry of Natural Resources andEnvironment, Thailand)

Bag Method testing

Editor's Comment
We have issued this JESC NEWS two (2)years after the previous issue.
Nowadays, solid waste management is acommonandcrucialissue
among
National/Local
governments
inthe
Asia-PacificRegion.
JESC
hasorganized/conductedInternational
Conferences at the National, Local andAcademic Society level.
In this JESC NEWS, we have JESC activities

for these past two (2) years as well as acontribution written by past trainees of theJICA training program. We hope you canunderstand our activities through JESC
NEWS and we would be very happy if you
would comment on the contents of JESC
NEWS or would like to make a contribution
to JESC NEWS.
(Shigenobu OBAYASHI)

JESC NEWS No. 18 / July 2017



Publisher: Hideki MINAMIKAWA
Editor: Shigenobu OBAYASHI
Staff: T. MIYAGAWA, S. HAYAMI,
M. YAMAMOTO,
K. NAKAMURA
Published by: Japan Environmental
Sanitation Center (JESC)

Address: 10-6 Yotsuyakami-cho,
Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki City,
210-0828 JAPANTEL: +81-44-288-4937
FAX: +81-44-288-5217
E-mail: kokusai@jesc.or.jp⑥