CELESE AWL Sublist 9b

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1: mature

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] immature, immaturity, maturation, maturational, matured, matures, maturing, maturity

Level: AWL

1. The human brain isn’t fully mature until about age 25.
2. Most girls are sexually mature by about 14 years of age.
3. These insects reach full maturity after a few weeks.
4. Technology in this field has matured considerably over the last decade.

2: mediate

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] mediated, mediates, mediating, mediation

Level: AWL

1. UN officials mediated between the rebel fighters and the government.
2. Exercise may mediate the effects of a bad diet.
3. Educational success is mediated by economic factors.
4. Last-minute attempts at mediation failed.

3: mediumAppears in List(s):9b[related words]

Level: AWL

1. What size shirt does he wear—small, medium or large?
2. Fry the onions over a medium heat until they are golden.
3. Would you like your steak rare, medium, or well-done?
4. Mitchell is well built, of medium height, with a dark complexion.

4: militaryAppears in List(s):9b[related words]

Level: AWL

1. The government has threatened to take military action if the rebels do not withdraw from the area.
2. The United States is prepared to use military force to achieve its aims.
3. The military were sent in to break up the demonstration.
4. The bombing has been far more widespread than the military will admit.

5: minimal[related words] minimalisation, minimalise, minimalises, minimalised, minimalising, minimalist,minimalists, minimalistic, minimalization, minimalize, minimalized, minimalizes, minimalizing, minimallyAppears in List(s):9bLevel: AWL

1. The work was carried out at minimal cost.
2. There’s only a minimal amount of risk involved.
3. Good hygiene helps to minimize the risk of infection.
4. Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to minimize the impact of the oil spill.

6: mutualAppears in List(s):9b[related words] mutually

Level: AWL

1. Mutual respect is necessary for any partnership to work.
2. I didn’t like him, and the feeling seemed to be mutual.
3. We eventually arrived at a figure that was mutually acceptable.
4. The two views are not mutually exclusive.

7: norm

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] norms

Level: AWL

1. Short term contracts are now the norm with some big companies.
2. Older parents seem to be the norm rather than the exception nowadays.
3. One child per family is fast becoming the norm in some countries.
4. Deviation from the norm is not tolerated.

CELESE AWL Sublist 9b

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8: overlap

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] overlapped, overlapping, overlaps

Level: AWL

1. The study of sociology overlaps with the study of economics.
2. The floor was protected with overlapping sheets of newspaper.
3. The word has two separate but overlapping meanings.
4. There is considerable overlap between the girls’ and boys’ test results.

9: passive

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] passively, passivity

Level: AWL

1. Men have always played an active part in leading worship while women have been confined to more passive roles.
2. The normal word order is reversed in passive sentences.
3. It’s a sad truth that children are the biggest victims of passive smoking.
4. He tends to wait passively for his boss to tell him what to do.

10: portion

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] portions

Level: AWL

1. The main character’s childhood takes up a good portion of the film.
2. Only a small portion of the budget is spent on books.
3. A large portion of the company’s profit goes straight back into new projects.
4. You must accept a portion of the blame for this crisis.

11: preliminary

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] preliminaries

Level: AWL

1. Preliminary results show that the vaccine is effective, but this has to be confirmed by further medical trials.
2. Pilot studies are a useful preliminary to large research projects.
3. I’ll skip the usual preliminaries and come straight to the point.
4. Four teams will be eliminated in the preliminaries.

12: protocolAppears in List(s):9b[related words] protocols

Level: AWL

1. It is set out in a legally binding protocol which forms part of the treaty.
2. The Geneva Protocol of 1925 prohibits the use of poisonous gases in war.
3. The captain talked as though no one else had been involved in the match and ignored the normal protocol of thanking histeammates.
4. On Earth, computers communicate over the Internet using a set of rules called TCP/IP, or Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol.

13: qualitative

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] qualitatively

Level: AWL

1. There are qualitative differences between the two products.
2. There has been a qualitative change in the relationship between the public and the government.
3. The doctor says that the numbers interviewed are sufficient for a qualitative survey such as this.
4. Women’s experiences are qualitatively different from men’s.

14: refine

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] refined, refinement, refinements, refines, refining

Level: AWL

1. Car makers are constantly refining their designs.
2. Crude oil is industrially refined to purify it and separate out the different elements, such as benzene.
3. Laser surgery has become much more refined over the last decade.
4. Clearly, the hypothesis does need some refinement, in the light of these surprising results.

CELESE AWL Sublist 9b

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15: relax

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] relaxation, relaxed, relaxes, relaxing

Level: AWL

1. A hot bath should help to relax you.
2. Gentle exercise can relax stiff shoulder muscles.
3. He appeared relaxed and confident before the match.
4. Meditation allows you to enter a state of deep relaxation.

16: restrain

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] restrained, restraining, restrains, restraint, restraints, unrestrained

Level: AWL

1. They have obtained an injunction restraining the company from selling the product.
2. The government is taking steps to restrain inflation.
3. The interior decoration is quite restrained.
4. The police were praised for their restraint in handling the demonstrators.

17: revolution

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] revolutionary, revolutionaries, revolutionise, revolutionised, revolutionises, revolutionising,Level: AWL
revolutionist, revolutionists, revolutionize, revolutionized, revolutionizes, revolutionizing, revolutions
1. The industrial revolution which started a couple of hundred years ago in Europe is now spreading across the world.
2. Penicillin produced a revolution in medicine.
3. The new cancer drug is a revolutionary breakthrough.
4. Aerial photography has revolutionized the study of archaeology.

18: rigid

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] rigidities, rigidity, rigidly

Level: AWL

1. Several colleges in our study have rigid rules about student conduct.
2. We were disappointed that they insisted on such a rigid interpretation of the rules.
3. The speed limit must be rigidly enforced.
4. Parkinson’s disease is characterized by slow tremors, muscle rigidity, slow movements and, often, a shuffling gait.

19: route

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] routed, routes, routing

Level: AWL

1. Motorists are advised to find an alternative route.
2. Kennedy arrived at the same conclusion by a different route.
3. A college education is often the best route to a good job.
4. Satellites route data all over the globe.

20: scenario

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] scenarios

Level: AWL

1. The worst-case scenario was that he would have to have an operation.
2. Let me suggest a possible scenario.
3. Discovering your child takes drugs is a nightmare scenario for most parents.
4. However, it helps to go through the worst possible scenario that could happen so that you can feel able to cope with any
eventuality and therefore feel more confident.

21: sphere

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] spheres, spherical, spherically

Level: AWL

1. Women have often been excluded from positions of power in the public sphere.
2. This area was formerly within the sphere of influence of the US.
3. The government planned to develop exchanges with other countries, particularly in cultural, scientific and economic spheres.
4. The Earth is not perfectly spherical.

CELESE AWL Sublist 9b

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22: subordinate

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] subordinates, subordination

Level: AWL

1. In some societies women are subordinate to men.
2. These aims were subordinate to the main aim of the mission.
3. Safety considerations were subordinated to commercial interests.
4. She claims that society is still characterized by male domination and female subordination.

23: supplement

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] supplementary, supplemented, supplementing, supplements

Level: AWL

1. The doctor said she should be taking vitamin supplements.
2. She supplements her regular salary by tutoring in the evenings.
3. Some vegetarians like to supplement their diets with iron tablets.
4. A supplementary angle is either of two angles which together make 180°.

24: suspend

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] suspended, suspending, suspends, suspension

Level: AWL

1. Sales of the drug will be suspended until more tests are completed.
2. The two police officers have been suspended until an enquiry is carried out.
3. Both sides are now working towards a suspension of hostilities.
4. He received a six-month suspension for unprofessional behaviour.

25: teamAppears in List(s):9b[related words] teamed, teaming, teams

Level: AWL

1. Our success lies in working together as a team.
2. A team of experts has been called in to investigate.
3. Only good team work will enable us to get the job done on time.
4. They teamed up for a charity performance in July.

26: temporary

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] temporarily

Level: AWL

1. You might want to consider temporary work until you decide what you want to do.
2. The ceasefire will only provide a temporary solution to the crisis.
3. Due to a small fire, the office will be closed temporarily.
4. We regret this service is temporarily unavailable.

27: trigger

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] triggered, triggering, triggers

Level: AWL

1. The hijacking became a trigger point for military action.
2. There are fears that the incident may be a trigger for further violence in the capital.
3. Certain forms of mental illness can be triggered by food allergies.
4. The racial killings at the weekend have triggered off a wave of protests throughout the country.

28: unify

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] unification, unified, unifies, unifying

Level: AWL

1. If the new leader does manage to unify his warring party it will be quite an achievement.
2. It is difficult to imagine how the North and South could ever agree on a formula to unify the divided peninsula.
3. Newton proposed that heavenly and terrestrial motion could be unified with the idea of gravity.
4. A grand unification of the electroweak and strong nuclear forces might be possible, but SU(5) wasn't the way to do it-at least,
not unaided.

CELESE AWL Sublist 9b

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29: violate

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] violated, violates, violating, violation, violations

Level: AWL

1. The fishermen claimed that ships from another country had violated their territorial waters.
2. The media regularly violates people’s privacy.
3. The takeover of the embassy constitutes a flagrant violation of international law.
4. He claimed that the way he’d been treated was a gross violation of his human rights.

30: vision

Appears in List(s):9b[related words] visions

Level: AWL

1. She suffered temporary loss of vision after being struck on the head.
2. As the cars overtake you, they are temporarily outside your field of vision.
3. He had a clear vision of how he hoped the company would develop.
4. He didn’t have the mental agility or vision required for a great politician.