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Permanent Missionof the Russian Federation
to the United Nations
in New York

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STATEMENTby the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairesof the Russian Federation
SERGEY A.RYABKOV
at the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties
to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

New York, 4 May 2010

Mr. Chairman,
First of all, let me read aloud a welcoming address by President of theRussian Federation Dmitry Medvedev to the participants and guests of theReview Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation ofNuclear Weapons.
"I am pleased to welcome all the participants and guests ofthe Conference.
The comprehensive task you are tackling with, related to elaborating a setof agreed and feasible measures on the basis of a true balance between the three
NPT pillars: non-proliferation, disarmament and peaceful uses of atomic energy,
is of outmost importance for ensuring the strategic stability and security.
Differing, sometimes polar, views on and approaches to the establishmentof a nuclear-weapons-free world order have been successfully combined within
the NPT for a long time. It is extremely important to raise the level of trust ininternational politics to confront jointly emerging proliferation challenges andthreats, alleviating them, first of all, on the basis of the NPT. This makes thisVIII NPT Review Conference ever more relevant.
Russia is striving to contribute tangibly to achieving noble objectives of
the Treaty by consistently fulfilling its provisions. One more illustration of that*is the recently concluded Treaty between the United States of America and theRussian Federation on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation ofStrategic Offensive Arms. This document vividly demonstrates to theinternational community the potential of constructive cooperation andopportunities for furthering disarmament.
"The peaceful atom" is playing the growing role in satisfying energy
demand of the world economy. Existing and future nuclear power plants areinstrumental to the economic growth, raising living standards of the millions ofpeople. Along with that, the NPT States Parties will have to give an adequateresponse to the proliferation risks related to exercising by States theirinalienable rights for peaceful uses of atomic energy.
The determination of international community to improve protection
mechanisms of nuclear security is of outmost importance. This was proved by
the outcomes of the Washington summit in April. Acting in line with thedecisions made there, Russia is ready to share its extensive experience in thissphere with States, which are responsible in fulfilling their relevant international
and legal obligations. We are looking forward to closely cooperating in creating
truly modern and proliferation-resistant architecture of cooperation in the sphereof the peaceful uses of atomic energy, based on the IAEA safeguards andmultilateral approaches to the nuclear fuel cycle.
I hope that the decisions and initiatives elaborated at your Conference
will be helpful to further strengthening nuclear weapons non-proliferation
regime and will contribute to broadening the international dialogue in thissphere.
I wish you all have fruitful deliberations and further success in improving
and strengthening the global nuclear non-proliferation regime.
Dmitry Medvedev".

Mr. Chairman,
The NPT Review Conference is expected to review the functioning of
the non-proliferation regime over the last five years and to define the main ways
to further strengthen the Treaty as a cornerstone of international security.
The Russian delegation has come to New York with a firm convictionthat the consistent implementation and enhancement of the Treaty impartiallymeet the interests of all countries. We hope that due to constructive cooperation
we will be able to achieve the results promoting consolidation of international
efforts to fully exploit the potential of the Treaty in the interests of preventingthe proliferation of nuclear weapons, disarmament and peaceful nuclearcooperation.
Mr. Chairman,Obviously, the spirit of the Conference will be mostly determined by thecurrent political climate in the area of international security.
Just recently Russia and the U.S. have signed the Treaty on Measures for
the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms. It wasconcluded as a follow-up to the START and the Treaty on Strategic Offensive
Reductions for ten years. As the President of Russia put it, in this new Treaty"both Parties won, as they strengthened their security and with the regard of ourvictory the whole world community has gained".
The analysis of recent developments in the world shows that thecomprehensive strengthening of the nuclear non-proliferation regime has
become now ever more relevant. Of course, the danger of nuclear materials
falling into the hands of terrorists, as well as emergence of clandestine
proliferation networks and black market of nuclear materials are of major
concern. No less an important task is the need to seek the establishment of suchan architecture of international cooperation in the field of peaceful uses ofatomic energy that would reduce risks of spreading sensitive technologies in theworld while ensuring the observance of the rights of the States complying with
their non-proliferation obligations to meet their legitimate energy needs.
Regional challenges to the nuclear non-proliferation regime should
remain in focus and require an early politico-diplomatic settlement throughactive efforts of all the parties concerned.
Mr. Chairman,
We are convinced that current challenges in the field of nuclear
non-proliferation can and must be addressed on the basis of the NPT by fully

proceeding from the inviolability of its provisions, strictly abiding by the norms
of international law and with due regard for all States' legitimate security anddevelopment interests. Much work is still to be done to ensure the universal
compliance with the Treaty non-proliferation requirements. This work will
require extensive political consultations and difficult decisions in the course ofnegotiations.
We believe that the Conference along with the UN Security Council
Summit on Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament held in September
2009 and the Nuclear Security Summit held in Washington will become
important milestones in this process.
Our common task for the forthcoming month is to work out decisions thatwould reaffirm the role of the Treaty as the proper basis for addressing thecurrent challenges and threats to non-proliferation, determine the instruments
for improvement and universalization of the IAEA's safeguards system,
facilitate the early entry into force of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban
Treaty and give an impetus to launching negotiations at the Conference on
Disarmament on a treaty banning the production of fissile materials for nuclearweapons.
It is necessary to create conducive atmosphere for furthering thedisarmament process and engaging all States without any exception. We areready to pursue the expansion of the area of the Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones
and strengthening of the non-proliferation regime in the Middle East, as well as
to enhance the efficiency of the mechanisms aimed at combating nuclear
terrorism. In the final documents of the Conference, it is crucial to fix optimal
ways for further development of international cooperation in the peaceful usesof atomic energy.
Mr. Chairman,As an NPT State Party and a Depositary, the Russian Federationconsistently complies with its obligations and reaffirms its strong andcontinuous support for the Treaty. Our national report, which will be circulated
during the Conference, will allow each delegation to familiarize with allendeavors undertaken by our country for the past five years to implement theArticles of the Treaty.
I would like to stress that Russia came to the Conference duly prepared.
We brought concrete ideas and proposals for possible ways to further develop
and strengthen the NPT. We shall outline them in our statements as well as inworking papers prepared jointly with other States Parties and dealing with such
issues as disarmament, sustainable development of the atomic energy,
multilateral approaches to the nuclear fuel cycle and prevention of abuse ofrights provided for under Article X of the NPT.
We would like to touch upon separately the issue of implementation ofthe 1995 Resolution on the establishment of a zone free from weapons of mass
destruction and their means of delivery in the Middle East. We share theconcerns of many States related to the implementation of the provisions of thisResolution. It is in this context that at the third session of the Preparatory
Committee to the Conference we put forward several ideas which, in our view,
can contribute to a substantial progress in the implementation of this Resolution.
I would note that our ideas mean an invitation to constructive and engaged
discussions rather than a cure-all solution to all the problems we face.
Mr. Chairman,
The Review Conference is the right venue to send a strong political signal
to the international community showing solidarity of all NPT States Parties intheir support for the Treaty norms and their willingness to fulfill accurately theirobligations under it. The ambitiousness and immensity of this task requirea high level of interaction between all participants in the Conference.
Thank you for your attention.