諏訪大社 下社春宮

Guide of Suwa Taisha Shimosha Harumiya

境内ガイド

諏訪大社は長野県の諏訪湖周辺に 4 箇所の境内地をもつ神社。全国各地にある諏訪神社総本社であり、国内にある最も古い神社の一つとされています。
Suwa Taisha consists of four shrines in the vicinity of Lake Suwa, Nagano Prefecture. It is the headquarters of Suwa
shrines, which are located throughout Japan. It is one of the oldest shrines in Japan.

① 御柱 Onbashira① 三の柱

寅年と申年の 7 年に一度行われる御柱祭（式年造営御柱大祭）で社殿の四隅に建てられる樅の巨木。大きなもので長さ 17m、重さ 10t を超え、山中から人力のみで神社まで運ばれ、建て替えられます。正面向かって右手前より時計回りに、一の柱、二の柱、三の柱、四の柱が建っています。
The Onbashira Festival is held every seventh
year in the years of the Tiger and the Monkey.
Onbashira refers to posts made from giant firtrees, which are stood up in the four corners ofthe shrine. One of the biggest is 17 meters long
and weighs over 10 tons. They are dragged fromthe mountains to the site only by hand. Four
Onbashira are stood up in each corner goingclockwise beginning with the right hand cornernear the front.

③ 宝殿

③ 宝殿

④ 幣拝殿
① 二の柱

① 一の柱

② 御神木 Goshinboku
春宮では、宝殿の奥に立つ杉の古木を御神体として祀っています。昔は自然信仰で大きな山・石・木を通し、神を崇拝しました。諏訪大社は古いお宮なので自然信仰がそのまま受け継がれて木が御神体となっています。

① 四の柱

② 御神木

⑦ 筒粥殿

⑤ 神楽殿

An old Japanese cedar tree, which stands behindthe Hōden, is revered as an object of worship. In
the past, a big mountain, a rock and a tree weregods in nature worship. Since Suwa Taisha is anold shrine, nature worship continues and an oldtree is sacred.

⑥ 結びの杉③ 宝殿 Hōden
本殿を持たない諏訪大社において、それに相当するのが宝殿です。東西 2 つの建物は、7 年に一度の御柱祭で 1 棟が建て替えられ、遷座祭が行われます。
The shrines of Suwa Taisha do not have a main
sanctuary, called Honden, in which the deity isenshrined. In its place, there are two thatch-roof
buildings called Hōden, one of which is rebuilt
during each Onbashira cycle. Then there is theritual called the Senzasai, in which the object ofworship is installed from the other Hōden.

鳥居④ 幣拝殿 Heihaiden
祭祀・拝礼を行うための建物で、中央の二重楼門づくりを幣拝殿、左右を片拝殿と言います。秋宮と同じ図面のもと、立川流と覇を競った大隅流の柴宮長左衛門により 1780 年に建てられました。

手水舎

This is a building where rituals are performed andprayers are offered. In the center is Heihaiden,
the hall of worship built in the“two-story-gatestyle”and there is a one-story Katahaiden, oneach side. It was built in 1780 with the same
blueprint of Akimiya by Shibamiya Chozaemon of
the Osumi school of construction, the rival of theTatekawa school.

⑦ 筒粥殿 Tsutsugayuden
毎年1月14日の夜から15日の朝にかけて、神職がいろりを囲み、一晩中火釜に葦の筒と米と小豆の粥を入れて炊き込み、葦筒44本の内43本は作物の吉凶を、残りの1本は世の中を占います。

⑤ 神楽殿 Kaguraden⑥ 結びの杉 Musubinosugi

神様に雅楽や舞を奉納したり、祈願を行う建物です。諏訪大社の中でも改築の多い建物で、最近では昭和 11 年に大改修がなされています。

この杉の木は先で二股に分かれていますが、根元で１つになっていることから縁結びの杉と言われています。

This is a hall for traditional dance and music
dedicated to the Kami. It has been reconstructedmany times in the past, and underwent a major
restoration in 1936.

This cedar tree forks into two parts at the top but
unites into one trunk at the ground, That’s why
it is said to be a matchmaking tree.

This is a building in which Tsutsugayu ritual isheld every year from the night of January 14
until the next morning. In the ritual, rice and redbeans along with a bundle of hollow reed stalks
are cooked overnight into a gruel. The priests
predict the bountifulness of the year’s crop
harvests. 44 stalks are used to determine theconditions of 43 crops and the general state ofthe world.