Version Month Year

Oxidizing Agents: Hydrogen Peroxide and Sodium Chlorate
Extraction, refining, metal finishing, and waste (effluent, off-gas) management
Our Eka® hydrogen peroxide (HP) and Eka® sodium chlorate (SC) are versatile
chemicals and relatively strong oxidants. Hydrogen peroxide can also act as a weak
reducing agent. These chemicals are used in extraction, leaching, separation, andpurification for improving the end-product and the environmental impact. They canincrease material recovery from both primary and secondary resources and thus
contribute to the circular economy.

Eka® HP and Eka® SCEka® HP stabilized hydrogen peroxide isavailable in several product grades (aseptic,chemical, food, technical) and concentrations(35%, 49%, 59%, 70%) from our plants in Brazil(from 2024), Norway, Sweden, and the USA.
Eka® HP is delivered in bulk (ISO containers,railcars, and tanker trucks).
Eka® SC sodium chlorate is available both incrystal and liquid form from our plants in Brazil,
Canada, Chile, Finland, France, Sweden, andthe USA. Eka® SC is delivered in bulk (railcarsand tanker trucks) and big bags/supersacks.

Hydrometallurgical processing
Hydrometallurgical processing involves the extraction and recovery of valuable metals using
aqueous techniques. The technology can be applied to the primary processing of ores, concentrates,and related feedstocks, or to secondary recovery (recycling) of valuable elements from varioussources (“urban mining”). In many cases, this leaching process will require the use of an oxidant/
reductant to break down the mineral/crystal lattice to release the metals or convert them to asoluble/insoluble valence state.

Extraction

Metal finishing & surface treatmentEka® HP and Eka® SC can improve extraction/leaching efficiency by changing the valence
state of an element or being a source ofoxygen. Examples of applications:Eka® HP and Eka® SC can be used for surface
treatments in the metal industry and are used
for etching, polishing, and cleaning. Examplesof applications:• Uranium leaching and precipitation(Eka® HP and Eka® SC)• Cyanide leaching of gold ore (Eka® HP)• Avoidance of co-extracting cobalt and nickel 		from cobalt-nickel ore (Eka® HP)• Substitution of nitric acid in aqua-regia-leaching(Eka® SC)• Recycling of spent Li-ion batteries (Eka® HP)• Extraction of copper from waste electrical 		and electronic equipment, WEEE (Eka® HP)• Recovery of palladium from spent catalysts(Eka® HP and Eka® SC)• Recovery of selenium and tellurium
from electrorefining sludge (Eka® HP)• Removal of oxides from copper and copper alloys(Eka® HP)
• Promoting phosphating (Eka® SC)• Reduces NOx formation in conventional pickling ofstainless steel (Eka® HP)• Nitric acid (NOx)-free pickling of stainless steel(Eka® HP)• Regeneration of waste etchant when etching printed
circuit boards, PCB (Eka® HP and Eka® SC)

Refining
Eka® HP and Eka® SC can improve the purityof various species, often by changing thevalence state of an element. Examples ofapplications:• Purification of gold and silver (Eka® HP and Eka® SC)• Separation of rare earth elements, REEs, from varioussources (Eka® HP and Eka® SC)• Purification of nickel and dissolution of nickel metal(Eka® HP)• Purification and functionalization of graphite(Eka® HP).

Waste management
Eka® HP is a “pure chemical” that is suitable
to use in environmental applications; thedecomposition only forms two products –oxygen and water. Eka® HP can be used as is orin an advanced oxidation process, for example
Nouryon’s MicrOx™ hydrogen peroxide incombination with the Advanox™ ultraviolet
reactors from Van Remmen UV Technology.
Examples of applications:• Cyanide detoxification (Eka® HP)• Removal of organic material, arsenic, and lead fromeffluent (Eka® HP)• Degradation of flotation chemicals (MicrOx™)• Prevent formation and/or removal of sulfide (Eka® HP)• Removal of iron in acid mine drainage (Eka® HP)• Scrubbing NOx, SOx, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans,aldehydes, odors etc. from off gases (Eka® HP)

Get in touch!
Please contact our experts for more information on ourmining solutions and our products Eka® HP and Eka® SC.
We look forward hearing from you!