Summary of Country Reports―Current Status of12 FNCA Member States―
Naoki Kobayashi

Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation andNuclear Security(ISCN)
Japan Atomic Energy Agency(JAEA)
December 19, 2012

Nuclear Energy Development
after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident Twelve countries continuously support the development ofnuclear energy
Nuclear Power Plant Development Plan In Operation: China, Japan, ROK
 Concrete Plan: Bangladesh, Vietnam
 Preparing Concrete Plan: Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand**Thailand decided to delay its original development planfor three years considering the Fukushima Daiichi accident.
 No Specific Plans: Australia
 Others: Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Philippine
1Safeguards:

Implementation of International Treaties and Agreements

 Member of NPT (Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty): 12/12 states
 CSA (Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement) in Force: 12/12 states AP (Additional Protocol) in Force: 10/12 states
 IS (Integrated Safeguards): 5/12 states
NPT Member

CSA in Force

AP in Force

Australia○○12 Dec. 1997

BangladeshChinaIndonesia
JapanKazakhstan

○○○○
○

○
N/A○○○30 Mar. 2001
28 Mar. 2002
29 Sep. 1999
16 Dec. 1999
9 May 2007

Malaysia○○(Signed: 22 Nov. 2005)

Mongolia
Philippines
ROK○
○○○
○
○

12 May 2003
26 Feb. 201019 Feb. 2004

Thailand○○(Signed: 22 Sep. 2005)

Vietnam○○

17 Sep. 2012

 Broader Conclusion is implemented in these 12 countries(Vietnam dose not have broader
conclusion yet).

2

Nuclear Security
Implementation of International Treaties and Conventions
 CPPNM (Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material): 10/12 states
 CPPNM Amendment*: 5/12 states
 Nuclear Terrorism Convention (International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of
Nuclear Terrorism): (10/12 states committed)
Ratification: 3 states, Accession: 1 state, Acceptance: 1 state, Signature: 5 states
CPPNM

CPPNM Amendment

Nuclear Terrorism Convention

Australia
Bangladesh
China

21 Jan 1989 in force
10 Jun 2005 in force
09 Feb 1989 in force

ratification 17 Jul 2008
ratification 14 Sep. 2009

Indonesia

08 Feb 1987 in force

ratification 27 May 2010

Japan
Kazakhstan
Korea
Malaysia
Mongolia
Philippines

27 Nov 1988 in force
02 Oct 2005 in force
08 Feb 1987 in force

ratification 26 Apr 2011

ratification
14 Sep 05
accession
07 Jun 07
ratification 8 Nov 2010
*Understands the Convention’s importance andmay start ratification processacceptance 02 Oct 07
ratification 31 Jul 08
signature
16 Sep 2005
signature
16 Sep 05
ratification 06 Oct 06
signature
15 Sep 05

08 Feb 1987 in force
08 Feb 1987 in force

Thailand
Vietnamsignature
03 Nov 2012 in force

ratification 03 Nov 201214 Sep 05*Understands the Convention’s importance andmay start internal procedure for ratification

3

Current Status
Independence of Regulatory Agencies
 Independent: Australia (ASNO), Indonesia (BAPETEN), Japan (NRA), ROK(NSSC)
 Semi-Independent*: Kazakhstan (KAEA), Malaysia (AELB), Mongolia(NRA/NRRA), Thailand (AEC/OAP), Vietnam (VARANS)*The regulatory agency is under a governmental body or ministry towhich a nuclear promotion agency belongs
 Others: Bangladesh (BAEC), Philippines (PNRI)
Recent Movement
Bangladesh: established Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority on 19June 2012
Japan: established the Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA) on 19 Sep.2012
Kazakhstan: Agency of Atomic Energy (KAEA) was formed in May 2012
Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam: Developing process to establish independent
regulatory bodies

4Major Developments (1/3)
 Australia: International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear
Terrorism entry into force 2012; Strong promoting activities in peaceful use ofnuclear especially in the field of mining; Host an International IPPAS workshop
and invite IPPAS mission
 Bangladesh: “Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Act-2012” was passed inthe National Parliament on 19 June 2012; For nuclear safeguards and nuclear
security activities, close cooperation with IAEA and US DOE is in progress China: Active participation to Nuclear Security Summit; Human resource
development, more than 20 training courses and workshops per year; 18nuclear power units in operation and another 26 under construction
 Indonesia: Government Regulation(No.54) 2012 on Safety and Security ofNuclear Installation; Hold workshops with IAEA and US-DOE
5

Major Developments (2/3)

 Japan: Established the Nuclear Regulation Authority on 19 Sep 2012 as a new
independent regulatory organization; Continuing to share with theinternational community the information on the progress of decommissioning
and decontamination of Fukushima; Resumption of safeguards activities inFukushima
 Kazakhstan: Agency of Atomic Energy(KAEA), Integrated State body in thefield of atomic energy was formed in May 2012; International Fuel Bank
project is under the development
 Malaysia: Began to develop and establish a national detection and response
system to control all activities using nuclear and radioactive materials;
Enhancing technical capabilities to secure Malaysian international borders –installing portal monitors;
 Mongolia: Establishing infrastructures necessary for nuclear activities andbuilding capacity for future development of nuclear power program;Upgrading boarder control and physical protection is under way with the6cooperation of US DOE

Major Developments (3/3)
 Philippines: Continue implementing the IAEA’s recommendations for security ofradioactive material and associated facilities. Developed regulation on transport
security. Working on for broader conclusion in safeguards. Establish strategy forhuman resource development through train – the – trainer program ROK: 23 nuclear reactors in operation, 5 reactors under construction and foreign
contract with UAE and Turkey; Hosted Nuclear Security Summit in March, 2012;
International Nuclear Security Academy (INSA) will be open internationally in 2014
 Thailand: The Office of Atoms for Peace – the nation’s regulating authority has beenworking to ensure the peaceful uses of nuclear technology; International cooperationwith IAEA, ASNO, US DOE and JAEA
 Vietnam: Cooperated with Russia and Japan to construct two NPPs: Ninh Thuan 1 &2; Entered AP, CPNM in force on 17 Sep & 3 Nov; CPNM amendment was ratified on 3Nov; Discussed with Japan on the ODA project for capacity building of Nuclear
Regulatory Body of Vietnam
7International and Regional Cooperation
 Regional cooperation: APSN, FNCA
 Seoul NSS was held NGSI was held in Hanoi, July 3-5, 2012 3S Discussion at IAEA was made 2013, July IAEA NSC meeting will be held
 Megaports Initiative lead by USA and deployment of nuclear detection tools
 IAEA Integrated Nuclear Security Support Plan (INSSP) and development of country
specific nuclear security plans Integrated Regulatory Infrastructure Support Service (IRISS) offered by ROK’s KINS PP system upgrades in cooperation with IAEA and/or supporting countries in suchstates as Kazakhstan and Philippines
8

International and Regional Cooperation
 Border control upgrades in cooperation with USA Training courses in cooperation with IAEA, Australia, China, Japan and ROK Further Regional Cooperation: Training courses offered by Japan’s Integrated
Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security (ISCN)
established in December 2010 and ROK’s International Nuclear Security Academy(INSA) to be established in 2014 and China’s State Nuclear Security Technology
Center established November 20119