ANNUAL REPORT2012 2013

ANNUAL REPORTFY2012 - FY2013

ANNUAL REPORT FY2012 − FY2013
INDEX

About IIR

I. Research Activitiesi011) Innovation Research Forum

022) Joint Research Projects

043) Conferences

20

II. Researchers

291) Full-time Rsearchers302) International Visiting Researchers

64

III. Education
1) Courses Given by the IIR Faculty Members

65
66

IV. Research Results / Publications

69

1) Hitotsubashi Business Review

702) Working Papers

783) Case Studies

80About IIR‘To become a world-class of excellence for research in social processes of innovation’ ― The Instituteof Innovation Research (IIR) was established at Hitotsubashi University to achieve this aim in April
1997, as the result of the reorganization of the Institute of Business Research, whose main pursuit had
been the theoretical and empirical analysis of business, society and management.
It is indispensable for a populous country with poor natural resources like Japan to generate innovation.
The importance of innovation has considerably increased since 1990s when growth by catching up with
Western competitors was no longer possible. At that time, however, we had only little understandingof how innovation was generated. Innovation was an agenda in the realm of technical development.
People did not pay sufficient attention to the long, social process for turning technological invention
into industrial development. Innovation is a complex social phenomenon in which economic, political,
organizational, historical and legislative factors are correlated with each other. In order to clarify thisprocess, there needed to be places for interdisciplinary, systematic research where people from various
fields of social science could work together utilizing the knowledge of natural science. This is how the
IIR was established as an interdisciplinary research institute concentrating on the innovation process.
Missions
The first mission of the IIR is to study the innovation generation process systematically andempirically, understanding innovation as something to bring about economic value, and to contributeto the improvement of theoretical and practical knowledge. The role of the IIR also encompasses theclarification of social and economical impacts of innovation.
The second mission is to build a bridge between theory and practice on innovation. Since innovation
is “living phenomenon,” one needs to be deeply involved in the front line of practice and understandspecific problems happening there. In order to achieve the ultimate objective of facilitating innovation,
there should be certain mechanisms for applying theoretical knowledge to the front line of innovation.
In this sense, the IIR has to play an important role in linking theory and practice.
The third mission is to be an open research center which serves as a place for knowledge fusions
between researchers from different countries. As the importance of innovation is and will be growing
in East Asian countries, promoting interactions with researchers from these countries is very importantfor Japan in contributing to the development of this region. Thus, the IIR's missions also include theaccumulation of qualitative and quantitative information on Japanese innovation.
Research Areas
In order to pursue its mission of studying the innovation process systematically and empirically, theactivities of IIR have covered the following areas of research since its establishment.
“Research on Technological Innovation” and “Research on Management Innovation” are the areas inwhich factors facilitating innovation such as technology, organizations and management methods arebeing studied. “Research on Entrepreneurs” analyzes the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs as
innovation initiators in order to go deep into the realities of innovation. “Research on Social Networks”
explores how networks of private firms, universities, individuals, and other entities and parties affectinnovation.
“Business History Research” and “Technology History Research” look at the above areas of empiricalresearch from a broader perspective, understand their historical contexts, and trace the development
processes of innovation over time. “Research on Institutions for Innovation” focuses on clarifying
the influences of accounting and legal systems (such as those about intellectual property rights) on
innovation.
“Research on Knowledge Management” synthesizes and attempts to understand all these empiricalareas of research from a broader, theoretical perspective. Finally, “International Comparative Research”
involves comparison, demonstration and analysis on an international scale.

iWe believe that our research at the IIR offers an important opportunity to foster creativity andinnovation in Japan in order to bring about transformation and development in business organizations
and the economy. We wish to create a world-class, international research institute where people from allover the world can conduct research together.

ii

I. Research Activities

1I. Research Activities

1. Innovation Research Forum ̶ Apr. 2012 ~ Mar. 2014
The following is the list of lectures given as part of the Innovation Research Forum during 2010-2011
academic year:2

Jan. 22, 2014

Roy Nyberg
DPhil Student, Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford“From a Lean to a Rich View of Innovation: Case Evidence from the Emergence of Mobile
Health”

Nov. 28, 2013

Mitsuru Igami
Assistant Professor, Yale University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Department of Economics“Patent Statistics as Innovation Indicators? Hard Evidence”

Nov. 19, 2013

Mikolaj Jan Piskorski
Associate Professor of Business Administration, Harvard Business School“A Social Strategy: How We Profit from Social Media”

Sep. 18, 2013

Israel Drori
Professor, School of Business, College of Management Academic Studies, Israel“The Evolution of New Industry, a Genealogical Approach”

Jun. 26, 2013

Keun Lee
Professor, Seoul National University, Visiting Professor of IIR“Comparing the Productivity Impact of Knowledge Spillovers from Network and Arm’s
Length Industries”

Jun. 26, 2013Mark Schankerman
London School of Economics and CEPR, Visiting Professor of IIR“Patents and Cumulative Innovation: Causal Evidence from the Courts”

Jun. 19, 2013

Taiju Kitano
Associate Professor, IIR, Hitotsubashi University“Disguised Protectionism? Environmental Policy in the Japanese Car Market”

Mar. 13, 2013

Giuseppe Scellato
Assistant Professor, Politecnico di Torino“Mover’s Advantage and US Attractiveness for Young Scholars (based on NBER WP
18577)”

Mar. 06, 2013

Keun Lee
Professor, Seoul National University, Visiting Professor of IIR“Knowledge, Path-creation and Economic Catch-up: Schumpeterian Recipe to Escape theMiddle Income Trap”

Jan. 29, 2013

Cornelia Storz
Professor, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main
“Which Labor Market Design Is Better for Innovation?: The Case of
Game Software Industry”

Jul. 28, 2012

Hiroko Yamane
Professor, Department of Law, Teikyo University“Competition Analyses of Licensing Agreements: Japan’s Developmental Perspectives andMicromanagement of Licensee Protection”

Jun. 20, 2012

Jaehyun Park
PhD Candidate, Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University“The Interaction Paradigms between Designers and Users in the Design Process: Two
Empirical Studies”

3

I. Research Activities

2. Joint Research Projects ̶ Apr. 2012 ~ Mar. 2014
At the IIR, we have the advantage of a team of researchers covering many areas of scholarship to carry out
joint research into themes that have not previously been touched upon. The following are the joint research
projects that researchers engaged in during the 2012-2013 academic year.
(* = Project Leader, or Coordinator)■ Industry-Academia-Government Collaboration Research Program on the Innovation

Processes
The Institute of Innovation Research (IIR) conducted its Industry-Academia-Government Collaboration
Research Program on Innovation Processes from FY2008 to FY2012, with support from the central
government. The program, which was conducted through industry-academia-government collaboration, is
supported by a special subsidy from the central government. Together with IIR faculty members, visiting
faculty members and researchers also worked on various projects for this program.

1. Objectives
Innovation holds the key to the future growth of Japan’s economy. For both the creation of knowledge
and its use, innovation is a highly complex process that entails a social division of labor, and research on
the entire process – from the systematic accumulation of objective data to the creation and application ofknowledge based on such information – is needed to clarify optimal methods for effectively encouraging
innovation. Together with promoting research concerning the innovation process (including knowledge
production mechanisms and the optimal means for competing and cooperating in R&D), based on
industry-academia-government collaboration, and obtaining research results that set an international
standard, the research program seeks to apply the fruits of its research to strengthen the technology
management capabilities of government agencies and the industrial sector, and helps shape novel policies
and proposals for institutional reforms to promote innovation.

2. Research areas[1] Measurement of the innovation processThis research seeks to understand the realities of the knowledge production mechanism, including
knowledge combinations, through means such as systematic case studies of government-supported
research projects, along with questionnaire surveys and corroborative analyses utilizing patents and otherstatistical data.
Specifically, participants work in cooperation with the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Scienceand Technology National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP) to use the survey researchknow-how universities has accumulated up to now and NISTEP database information to implement
large-scale questionnaire surveys of scientists and understand parameters such as knowledge production
processes, research output and research environments and inputs, and conduct empirical research on theknowledge creation processes in sciences and the processes through which innovation is created fromscientific knowledge.
Researchers also work in cooperation with the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development
Organization (NEDO) to advance development of theoretical research and methodologies concerning
procedures for measurement of the innovation process, by using the results of past studies on innovation.
In tandem with this activity, researchers elucidate and analyze the actual conditions surrounding suchaspects as the mechanisms of knowledge combination and knowledge production and the knowledge4commercialization process, by creating a database of NEDO-supported research projects and researchers
and using this data to provide practical verification of theories and research methodologies.
[2] Management of Technology
This research looks at the management of technology “best practices” by which the government or theindustrial sector as a whole can effectively link R&D results to innovation. With the cooperation of the
Semiconductor Technology Roadmap Committee of Japan at The Japan Electronics and Information
Technology Industries Association (JEITA), the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and theindustrial sector, including manufacturers of semiconductor fabrication equipment and semiconductor
devices, the program has created a research system and is investigating topics such as the mechanism
by which the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) was created, thehistorical significance and meaning (including limits) of what the ITRS has accomplished, and thefeasibility of ITRS development in the future. The program also is undertaking, with assistance fromthe Japan Bioindustry Association and the Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association Officeof Pharmaceutical Industry Research, research on the market entry and growth mechanisms of hightechnology start-up firms in the biotechnology sector and the best methods for cooperation with thepharmaceuticals industry.
[3] Policies and systems
Based on the case studies, statistical databases and international comparative research described above,
the program analyzes problems that form barriers in Japan to both the creation of new industries andsustainable innovation at existing industries, and conducts research that will lead to novel proposals.

3. Members
IIR Faculty Members (Project Leaders: Hiroyuki Chuma* and Sadao Nagaoka*)
Akira Endo, Visiting Professor, IIR / Biopharm Research Laboratories, Inc.
Satoru Ito, Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / former Chairman, Renesas Electronics Co., Ltd.
Yoshiyuki Ohsugi, Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / Scientific Director, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.,
Ltd., Medical Affairs Division
Gensuke Tokoro, Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / aRigen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Masao Nakaya, Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / President & CEO, Semiconductor Technology
Academic Research Center
Masaomi Kameyama, Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / Nikon Corporation
Masatsura Igami, Associate Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / NISTEP
Naotoshi Tsukada, Associate Professor, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies
Yusuke Naito, A Life-laboratory
Yuji Honjo, Chuo University
Tomohiro Ijichi, Seijo University
Kenta Nakamura, Kobe University
Hideo Owan, The University of Tokyo
Katsushige Tsuno, Electron Optics Solutions
Koichiro Onishi, Osaka Institute of Technology
Yoichiro Nishimura, Kanagawa University

54. Results during FY2012[1] NEDO Project:(In Japanese)
Nagaoka, Sadao, Manabu Eto, Yaichi Aoshima, Hideo Owan, Kazunari Matsushima, Junichi Nishimura
and Naotoshi Tsukada, “Collaborations for Innovations: Insights from the Experiences of NEDO
Consortiums,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-13, October 2012[2] Semiconductor Industry Innovation:(In Japanese)
Kameyama, Masaomi, “Photolithography,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-11, March 2013
Higashikawa, Iwao, “Open-Sourcing in Semiconductor R&D System: Learning from the Case of F2,” IIR
Working Paper WP#13-10, March 2013
Tsuno, Katsushige, “Wien Filter as a Science Innovation,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-08, March 2013
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation: CD-SEM Supporting the Miniaturization
for World Semiconductor Industry,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 142-163,
December 2012
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “CD-SEM Supporting the Miniaturization for World Semiconductor Industry:
Embodying Originality and Universality a la Hitachi,” IIR Case Study CASE#12-11, October 2012
Nakaya, Masao, “Problems of Japanese Semiconductor Industry, ―Stagnation of Japanese Semiconductor
Industry in the 2000s―,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-10, July 2012[3] Innovation in the Biotechnology Sector:(In Japanese)
Honjo, Yuji, Sadao Nagaoka, Kenta Nakamura and Shimizu Yumi, “Agenda for the Growth of Bio
Startups in Japan with a Focus on Their Science Sources,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-03, January
2013[4] Others:(In Japanese)
Nobeoka, Kentaro and Masaru Karube, “Difficulties in Creating Value at Japanese Firms Due toManagerial Complexity,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 3, December 2012, pp. 84-96
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Logic behind Open Innovation: Technology, Market and Organization,”
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, September 2012, pp. 6-15

6

■ magicc: Micro Analysis on Green Innovation and Corporate Competitiveness1. Outline of Research
Former Democratic Party of Japan Prime Minister Hatoyama’s declaration at the Copenhagen Summit ofJapan’s intention to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) by 25% by 2020 compared with 1990 is still a fresh
memory. On the other hand, the Great East Japan Earthquake resulting in the accident at the Fukushima
Nuclear Power Station, raised a question for the construction of new nuclear plants, and even for thecontinued use of existing facilities. Japan currently is confronted with three serious issues, in terms of its“energy problem (stable energy supply),” “environmental problem (reduction of greenhouse gases)” and“industrial problem (long-term economic development)”. The situation is like a complex simultaneous
equation that at first glance appears to have no solution. Magicc is a research project aimed at solving
this complex equation from the micro-perspective of management scholars by conducting in-depth
fieldworks.

2. Time Period
FY2011-present
3. Members
Yaichi Aoshima*, Hiroshi Shimizu, Yukiko Fujii, Naohiko Wakutsu, Masatoshi Fujiwara (Graduate
School of Commerce and Management, Hitotsubashi University), Yasushi Saito (Seinan Gakuin
University), Kazunari Matsushima (The University of Tokushima), Youngjae Koh (Konan University),
Tomono Miki (Rikkyo University) and Atsushi Tsumita (Musashino University)
4. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2012-FY2013
A part of our research activities as well as reports of research meetings are disclosed in the following
website (in Japanese).
http://magicc.iir.hit-u.ac.jp
Articles(1) Aoshima, Yaichi, Kazunari Matsushima and Manabu Eto, “Effects of Government Funding on R&D
Performance Leading to Commercialization,” International Journal of Environment and Sustainable
Development, Vol. 12, No. 1, January 2013, pp. 22-43(2) Aoshima, Yaichi and Hiroshi Shimizu, “A Pitfall of Environmental Policy: An Analysis of ‘Ecopoint
Program’ in Japan and its Application to the Renewable Energy Policy,” International Journal of
Global Business and Competitiveness, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2012, pp. 1-13
(In Japanese)(3) Fujiwara, Masatoshi and Yaichi Aoshima, “Toyobo Co., Ltd.: Reverse Osmosis Membrane
Development and Business Expansion,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 62, No. 1, June 2014, pp.
102-119(4) Aoshima, Yaichi and Osamu Suzuki, “Nippon Steel Corporation: Development and Commercializationof Waste Plastics Recycling Process Using Coke Oven,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 61, No.
3, December 2013, pp. 152-165(5) Shimizu, Hiroshi and Yaichi Aoshima, “Business Management Perspectives in Science, Technology
and Innovation Policy,” Kenkyū Gijyutsu Keikaku (The Journal of Science Policy and Research
Management), Vol. 27, No. 3, April 2013, pp. 183-196
7

(6) Aoshima, Yaichi, “Importance of Management Perspectives to Solve Energy and Environmental
Problems,” Soshiki Kagaku (Organizational Science), Vol. 46, No. 3, March 2013, p. 105(7) Aoshima, Yaichi, “Vulnerability of the Growth Strategy with a Slogan of ‘Eco’,” Wedge, March 2013,
pp. 14-16

Working Papers:(1) Aoshima, Yaichi and Tomono Miki, “Possibilities of Geothermal Power Generation in Japan: Notes
from an Iceland Field Study,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-11, September 2012
(2) Fujiwara, Masatoshi, Yaichi Aoshima and Tomono Miki, “Development of the Polyamide Composite
Reverse Osmosis Membrane and Reverse Osmosis Membrane System: A Case Study of Toray
Industries, Inc.,” IIR Case Study CASE#12-08, July 2012

Presentation:(1) Aoshima, Yaichi, “Energy and Industrial Development: How Does Promoting Renewable Energies
Achieve Stable Energy Supply, Environmental Protection, and Economic Growth?,” I²CNER
International Workshop 2014, hosted by International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research,
Kyushu University and HYDOGENIUS, January 31, 2014, Fukuoka(2) Aoshima, Yaichi and Kazunari Matsushima, “Commercialization Performance and Spillover Effects of
the Government-funded Private R&D,” presented at the 15th Asia-Pacific Researchers in Organisation
Studies Conference, February 14-17, 2013, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo(3) Aoshima, Yaichi, “Japan’s Shift to Renewable Energies after the Fukushima Disaster,” presented at the
4th Chinese Renewable Energy Conference & Exhibition, November 1, 2012, Wuxi, China(In Japanese)(4) Aoshima, Yaichi, “A Mechanism for the Competition among Companies in the Photovoltaic Industry,”presented at magicc Symposium 2014: Balancing among Environmental Protection, Energy Supply,and Economic Growth, IIR and Funding Program for Next Generation World-Leading Researchers(NEXT Program), February 7, 2014, Tokyo(5) Aoshima, Yaichi, “Potentials of Small-scale Geothermal Power Plant,” presented at magicc
Symposium 2014: Balancing among Environmental Protection, Energy Supply, and Economic
Growth, IIR and Funding Program for Next Generation World-Leading Researchers (NEXT Program),February 7, 2014, Tokyo(6) Aoshima, Yaichi and Hiromi Kubota, “Economy of Small-scale Geothermal Power Plant Using Hot
Springs,” presented at the Annual Meeting of the Geothermal Research Society of Japan, November 7,
2013, Chiba

8

■ Project on Networks and Innovations
1. Outline of Research
Given a growing concern for how networks help mobilize resources more flexibly than traditional
hierarchies in today’s rapidly changing environments and how social capital can be usefully mobilized
to sustain such resource allocation, this research focuses on identifying and analyzing the underlying
determinants of successful institutional arrangements of organization and networking at two levelsof analysis. First, at the organizational level we examine in some detail the emergent experiments ofintroducing cross-functional teams to defense systems development in the current context of defense
procurement reforms among allies. Second, we investigate the emerging networking patterns ofChinese entrepreneurs from Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, whose striking economic success has been
widely recognized, in comparison with their counterparts from several locales from Fujian Province. In
particular, we examine the extent to which Wenzhounese entrepreneurs’ rapid rewiring patterns of theirlinks with various transnational locales is related to their success in the light of small-world network
theory that accommodates both local cohesiveness (high clustering coefficient) and efficient network
information transmission (short path length). As in previous years we will continue to conduct ourcomparative field research in Japan, China, and Europe and will publish preliminary research results inthe forms of working papers and articles in the media.
2. Time Period
FY2004-present
3. Members
Toshihiro Nishiguchi*, Motoko Tsujita (Ryukoku University)
4. The Findings of Our Study
Qualitative and quantitative evidence from our study of Wenzhou’s economic success documents (1)the structural effectiveness of expatriates’ rewiring of community networks to capture information andwealth from afar, (2) how the abundance of social capital facilitates community members’ sharing andexploitation of nonredundant information, (3) how real world “global neighborhoods” established at thecommunity level are consistent with, and operationalize, the tenets of small-world network theory, and (4)how its exclusionary aspect may limit the evolvability of community cohesion.
Our evidence further suggests that prosperity beyond what accrues to one’s cognition and resources may
lie in the successful operation of small-world networks. We noted earlier that both structure and agency
are necessary, but add here that they are not sufficient; how they are connected is crucial as well.
We compared, through the lenses of social capital, trust and norms, the community networks, migration
and rewiring patterns, and social cohesion characteristic of expatriate communities from Wenzhou andFujian province. The similarities we observed in terms of human capital (low educational levels), initialmigration patterns (smuggled abroad, often with the aid of organized crime), types of work (menial jobs),
resources (loans from family members and relatives), proportion of foreign expatriates to hometown
population (upper single-digit percentage point), and timing of emigration (a few decades after the 1978
Reform and Opening-up Policy) belie the striking differences we documented in the development andviability of the enterprises the respective groups established on foreign soil.
We found Wenzhou expatriates, by and large, to be successful and prosperous, continuously expanding
their businesses assisted by social networks that facilitate constant search for new opportunities.
Expatriates from Fuqin and elsewhere in Fujian province, especially those who emigrated to Japan,
operating largely alone, with little prospect for collective activity, often became involved in internecine
struggles and not infrequently turned to petty or even violent crime. Underlying these divergent
outcomes were markedly contrasting social norms and values. Wenzhou natives exhibited an avid
9

entrepreneurship, expressed as a desire to be the “head of a chicken rather than the tail of a peacock,” anddeep embeddedness in and harmony with their hometown community. Among Fuqin natives and othersfrom Fujian province we observed a hand-to-mouth orientation to life and deeply-ingrained norm of risk
avoidance reflected in the life pursuit of erecting in their hometown a three-story “stowaway palace” inwhich to retire in comfort to the envy of their immediate neighbors.
The mobility patterns of expatriates from Fuqin and proximate locations, consistent with those of theirpredecessors, some of them successful entrepreneurs in South East Asia, were by and large of the “I-turn”
type between their hometown and a particular foreign destination. These contrast with Wenzhou natives’more recent “zigzagging” itineraries that may land them, for varying lengths of time, in any numberof countries. Their seemingly similar transnationality notwithstanding, the mobility patterns of Fuqin
and nearby natives are consistent with “regular networks” in which nodal connections and information
flows are predictable and overlapping, those of their Wenzhou counterparts more in line with “small
worlds” characterized by elements of random, irregular rewirings embedded in regular, predictable nodeconnections among the broader community. Whereas the former focuses on, and is largely circumscribedby, “next-door relations,” even across national borders, the latter mixes an element of “long-distance
relations” with the broad, cohesive base of next-door relations to foster dynamism and adaptability toever-changing environments. A little bridging thus complements a lot of bonding, and vice versa. We
have examined, in the light of new network theory, the considerable, and predictable, differences in thecollective information-processing and wealth-generating capabilities, and community-wide, informal
welfare functions, of these two groups.
The very same social networks that supported and facilitated the development of a vibrant Wenzhou
economy, however, were also implicated in the 2011 financial crisis, indicating limits to cohesive bonding
with closure that threaten to curb further development of industrial structures. The distinct type andquality of social capital and trust that spawned and spurred Wenzhou’s prosperity continues to exhibita primitive attribute of social interaction based exclusively on kinship and the cohesiveness of thehometown community that may in the long run be incongruent with further geographical expansion andactive engagement in transnational businesses. This exclusionary element of Wenzhou social capital, in
forestalling the development of the “universalistic trust” essential to the ability to rely on and work withstrangers, including compatriots from other regions and foreigners, threatens to prevent Wenzhou fromtranscending the classic premodern society, the economy of which, as posited by Karl Polanyi remains
embedded in and intertwined with traditional cultural and political aspects. That Wenzhounese products,
processes, and businesses, from production of daily commodities to real-estate investments to usury,
remain almost exclusively within easily imitable domains strongly suggests that the “Wenzhou model,”especially as propagated in China, could very well run its course and the long-term viability of Wenzhoubusinesses be more limited than generally believed, particularly in China. Nor do Wenzhou firms’ lowlevel of research and development (R&D) expenditures (0.85% of Wenzhou city’s GDP compared to
1.49% for China and 1.52% for Zhejiang province, on average, in 2007) and low profit rates (1%-3%) of
its small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) bode well.
The foregoing observations do not negate, but rather further attest to, the usefulness of analyzing
economic activities, behavior, and performance within the frameworks of social capital, trust, social
embeddedness, and the latest network theory. They also suggest, however, some important implications ofconstraining conditions inherent in the objects under study.

10■ Economic Growth Analysis of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy
1. Outline of Research
In this project, we develop a framework for analyzing and evaluating the economic impacts of science,technology, and innovation (STI) policies. In addition, this project conducts economic analyses onimportant issues in particular policy areas such as 1) knowledge production, 2) human resources, 3)
R&D investments and 4) international knowledge transfer. Our goal is to present the methods, data, andempirical estimates (results) to policy makers, policy analysts, other stakeholders and general public who
are not familiar with economic analysis.
2. Time Period
September 2012 - present
3. Members
Makoto Nirei*, Shinichi Akaike, Masaoki Tamura, Ryuichi Tamura, Akiyuki Tonogi, Megumi Kimura(IIR), Shuhei Aoki (Faculty of Economics, Hitotsubashi University) , Koki Oikawa (Waseda University),
Kensuke Miyazawa, Tetsushi Murao (Kyusyu University)
4. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2012-FY2013
Working Papers:(1) Tonogi, Akiyuki, Mitiyo Kitaoka and Yuko Kobayashi, “Methods for Quarterly and Annual
Estimation of R&D Investment in JSNA,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-25, March 2014 (in Japanese)(2) Aoki, Shuhei and Megumi Kimura, “Allocation of Research Resources and Publication Productivity
in Japan: A Growth Accounting Approach,” IIR Working Paper #13-24, March 2014
(3) Akaike, Shinichi, Osamu Kayasono, Kenichi Fujita, Akiyuki Tonogi and Shinichi Hanada, “A Studyon the Incorporation of Science and Technology Innovation Policy into the Macroeconomic Policy
System,” IIR Working Paper #13-19, October 2013 (in Japanese)

Conference Papers:(1) Aoki, Shuhei and Megumi Kimura, “Allocation of Research Resources and Publication Productivity
in Japan: A Growth Accounting Approach,” presented at Workshop on Data and Information Base in
NISTEP, MEXT, February 2014 (in Japanese)(2) Tonogi, Akiyuki, “Economic Growth Analysis on Japan in Dynamic General Equilibrium Modelwith R&D and Human Capital,” presented at the Fourth Asia Pacific Innovation Conference 2013,
December 6, 2013, Taipei, Taiwan(3) Akaike, Shinichi and Kenichi Fujita, “New Approaches of Analyzing and Evaluating the Economic
Impacts of Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy,” presented at the 27th Annual Meeting of theJapan Society for Science Policy and Research Management, October 27, 2012, Tokyo (in Japanese)(4) Murayama, Kota, Makoto Nirei and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Management of Science, Serendipity, andResearch Performance: Evidence from Scientists’ Survey in the US and Japan,” presented at the Third
Asia Pacific Innovation Conference, October 13-14, 2012, Seoul, Korea(5) Oikawa, Koki and Shunsuke Managi, “R&D in Clean Technology: A Project Choice Model with
Learning,” Society for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, September 2012(6) Oikawa, Koki and Shunsuke Managi, “R&D in Clean Technology: A Project Choice Model with
Learning,” Japan Economic Association, 201211

■ GCOE Okochi Award Case Study Research Program
1. Outline of ResearchThis project aimed at building up cases of innovations by Japanese firms and examining the features andchallenges of Japanese firms in creating innovations. While previous studies in technology management
have paid attention to product development or industry-level analysis, this project focused on individual
firms from concept creation, through development and commercialization to subsequent consequences, inorder to explore a news stream of innovation research.
In this five-year project, we made individual cases each year selected from those who won the Okochi
Awards, which had been given to important technological innovations annually since 1954. We
also conducted cross-case analysis to explore features and challenges of Japanese firms to succeed
in innovations. Each case was written jointly by faculty members at IIR and the Graduate Schoolof Commerce and Management at Hitotsubashi University and graduate students. This project was
financially supported by Global COE "Innovation in the Japanese Corporation" at Hitotsubashi
University.
2. Time Period
FY2008-FY2012
3. Members
Yaichi Aoshima*, Hiroyuki Chuma, Manabu Eto, Masaru Karube, Kentaro Nobeoka, Hiroshi Shimizu,
Takeishi Akira (University of Kyoto), Junji Miyahara (Tokyo University of Science), Masatoshi Fujiwara(Kyoto Sangyo University), Youngjae Koh (Konan University), Tomono Miki (Rikkyo University)
4. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2012
Case Studies:(In Japanese)(1) Chuma, Hiroyuki, “Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation: CD-SEM Supporting the Miniaturization
for World Semiconductor Industry,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 3, December 2012,
pp. 142-163(2) Fujiwara, Masatoshi, “SINTOKOGIO, LTD.: Development of Aeration Sand Filling,” IIR Case Study,
CASE#12-12, November 2012
(3) Chuma, Hiroyuki, “CD-SEM Supporting the Miniaturization for World Semiconductor Industry:
Embodying Originality and Universality a la Hitachi,” IIR Case Study, CASE#12-11, October 2012(4) Seigo Ito, “Denso Corporation / Toyota Boshoku Corporation: Development of 3D-formed Oil Filter,”
IIR Case Study, CASE#12-10, October 2012
(5) Koh Youngjae, Tomono Miki, “JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation: The Development andCommercialization of Sulfur-free Fuels,” IIR Case Study, CASE#12-05, July 2012
(6) Choi, Eugene, “Shima Seiki Mfg. Ltd.: A History of Technology Management in the Case ofDevelopment of the State-of-the-Art Knitwear Manufacturing System: From Semi-Automatic Glove
Knitting Machine (1960) to Mach 2 Series (2010),” IIR Case Study, CASE#12-04, August 201212

Conference Presentations:(1) Karube, Masaru, “Reasons for Innovation: Creating Legitimacy for Resource Mobilization,”presented at the regular meeting of the Japanese Academic Association for Organizational Science,
September 28, 2012, Tokyo(2) Aoshima, Yaichi, “Reasons for Innovation: Creating Legitimacy of Resource Mobilization,” presented
at the Drucker Forum (70th), September 3, 2012, Nanjing, China

13

■ Open Innovation
1. Outline of ResearchThis project aimed to explore the Open Innovation management in Japanese firms. We launched the Open
Innovation research consortium in association with DSM. The research consortium discussed competitive
strategy, organizational structure, and knowledge management in new product development. The research
consortium was launched in 2014 again to explore business opportunities in the Open Innovation strategy
in association with Nine Sigma Japan.
2. Time Period
FY2011-FY2012
3. Members
Seiichiro Yonekura*, Hiroshi Shimizu (IIR), Yusuke Hoshino (Musashino University), Kazuhisa Kawai(Okayama Shoka University), Takeshi Hirao (Tokyo University of Science, Suwa), Kunio Miyazaki(University of Shizuoka), Shiaw Jia Eyo (Hosei University), Kenji Inayama, Meiji Gakuin University
Participant Companies:
Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Amano Enzyme Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc., Booz and Company, Bridgestone
Corporation, The Chemical Daily Co., Ltd., Nikkan Jidosha Shimbun, Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun, Ltd.,
Development Bank of Japan, DSP Gokyo Food & Chemical Co., Ltd., Sumi-Eagle Corporation, Food
Chemicals Newspaper Inc., Fujifilm Corporation, Goldman Sachs Japan, TBWA HAKUHODO,
Innovation Network Corporation of Japan, Iseki Industry Co., Ltd., Nippon Formula Feed Mfg Co.,
Ltd., JSR, JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation, Kao Corporation, Kemin Industries Inc., Kirin Kyowa
Foods Company, Ltd., Kongo Yakuhin Co., Ltd., KURODA ELECTRIC Co., Ltd., Kyoto Institute ofTechnology, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Marubeni Corporation, MEGMILK SNOW BRAND Co.,
Ltd., Meiji Gakuin University, Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corporation, Mitsubishi Corporation,
National Syouji Co., Ltd., NEC Corporation, Netherlands Press in Japan, Embassy of the Kingdom of theNetherlands, NICHIA CORPORATION, Nichirei Foods Inc., NineSigma Japan, Inc., NISSUI, Nippon
Zenyaku Kogyo Co.,Ltd., Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Nisshin Seifun Group Inc., Okayama Shoka University,
Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd., Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., Lonza Group Ltd., San-Ei Gen F. F. I., Inc., Shiseido Co.,
Ltd., University of Shizuoka, Taiyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Teijin Limited, The University of Tokyo,
Tokyo University of Science, Suwa, Toray Industries Inc., Toyobo Co., Ltd., Toyota Motor Corporation,
Unitec Foods Co., Ltd., Unitika Ltd., Yakuruto Honsha Co., Ltd., Fancl Corporation, General ElectricCompany, PHILIPS Electronics Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, 360ip, UBM Media,
Health Business Magazine, Weber Shandwick Worldwide Inc., Hirofumi Suzuki’s Office, DSM Japan,
DSM Japan Engineering Plastics K. K., DSM Nutrition Japan K. K.

4. Research Outputs in FY2012(1) Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Logic behind Open Innovation: Technology, Market and Organization,”
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, September 2012, pp. 6-15
(2) Shimizu, Hiroshi and Yusuke Hoshino, “Open Innovation Management: Exploration for New
Combination and Knowledge Management,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2,
September 2012, pp. 28-41

14

(3) Kawai, Kazuhisa, “Salaried Entrepreneurs and the Internationalization of Technology Market: A Case
Study on Open Innovation by Osaka Gas,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, September
2012, pp. 56-71(4) Hoshino, Yusuke, “Development and Industrialization through Collaboration: Case of Dyneema,”
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, September 2012, pp. 72-85

15

■ Industry-Academia-Government Collaboration Project on CO2 Reduction and Innovation
1. Outline of Research
How to reduce GHG (Green House Gas) without sacrificing the industry competitiveness is one of themost urgent and important issues. This research project is to scrutinize how to create technologicalinnovation that enables both the industry competitiveness and the global environmental responsibility.
Research meetings entitled “CO2 reducing innovation research meeting” with guest speakers and regularparticipants from universities, industries and government institutions were periodically held to discuss thisissue.
2. Time Period
FY2009-present
3. Members
Seiichiro Yonekura*, Yaichi Aoshima, Hiroshi Shimizu

16

■ Collaboration in New Product Development
1. Objective(1) Case Study and Survey Analysis of Science Sources of Innovation
We will conduct interviews/surveys with regard to innovators/inventors in (mainly) the
pharmaceutical/biotechnology fields about the scientific sources of new drug discovery andinventions, and construct a comprehensive dataset for analyzing the mechanism of scientificcontributions to the innovation process.
2) Knowledge Flow Analysis
Using the above dataset, we will develop a method to grasp knowledge flows from scientificdiscoveries to innovations from bibliographic information (backward/forward citations andco-authors) of scientific papers and patents.
3) Economic Impact Analysis
We will evaluate the economic impact of innovations based on scientific discoveries. Finally, we
aim to make policy recommendations for improving the measurement of economic contributionsof science-based innovations and for enhancing the contribution of science to innovation
performance.
2. Time Period
FY2011-FY2014
3. Members
Sadao Nagaoka*, Akira Endo, Yasushi Hara, Yusuke Naito, Yoshiyuki Ohsugi (IIR), Kenta Nakamura(Kobe University), Junichi Nishimura (Gakushuin University), Naotoshi Tsukada (National Graduate
Institute for Policy Studies), Akira Nagumo (Office of Pharmaceutical Industry Research), Koichi Genda(Office of Pharmaceutical Industry Research), Yuji Honjo (Chuo University), Eiko Shimizu (Japan
Bioindustry Association), Hideo Kawabe (Japan Bioindustry Association), and Yumi Shimizu (Japan
Bioindustry Association)
4. Outline
Our research project consists of the following three components: (A) Case Study and Survey Analysis of
the Science Sources of Innovation, (B) Knowledge Flow Analysis, and (C) Economic Impact Analysis.

In (A) Case Study & Survey Analysis of the Science Sources of Innovation, we aim at conducting(1) detailed case studies of scientific sources for “blockbuster” drugs which have been invented anddeveloped in Japan, (2) questionnaire surveys on the science sources for drugs in the pharmaceuticalindustry and of bio startups in Japan, in collaboration with Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers
Association and Japan Bioindustry Association, and (3) a follow-up Inventor Survey in collaboration withRIETI, which examines the scientific sources of inventions in all technology fields.

In (B) Knowledge Flow Analysis, using the results of the above case studies and questionnaire surveys
as a benchmark, we evaluate how bibliographic data (backward/forward citations, co-authors andco-inventors) of patents/scientific papers predict actual knowledge flow for innovation. Then, we propose
to develop a method to enhance the correlation between bibliographic data and the actual knowledge flow.

Finally in (C) Economic Impact Analysis, we assess the contribution of science to the economic impacts
17

of the innovations. We classify the drugs based on the degree of scientific contribution and assess the
economic impact of science by using different indicators of outcomes, such as drug efficacy, wide
therapeutic applications, pharmaceutical prices and quantities in international comparison. We also
examine the degree of firms’ and/or inventors’ absorptive capacity for scientific sources in order toobtain managerial implications for innovation. Eventually, our research project aims to propose policy
recommendations that will empower science-based innovations.

5. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2012-2013
Book:(In Japanese)
Ohsugi, Yoshiyuki, R&D of A New Anti-Rheumatic Drug “Actemra”: The First Antibody Drug Originatedin Japan, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, March 2013, Page 128

Articles:(In Japanese)Hara, Yasushi and Yoshiyuki Ohsugi, “Actemra and Remicade: Key Factors to Determine First Mover
Advantage in R&D Process of Both Antibody Drugs,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 61, No. 3,
December 2013, pp. 22-36
Ohsugi, Yoshiyuki, “R&D of the First Antibody Drug in Japan: Tocilizuma,” Sangakukan Renkei Journal(Journal of Industry-academia-government Collaboration), Japan Science and Technology Agency,
Vol. 9, No. 4, April 2013, pp. 11-16
Working Papers:(In Japanese)
Honjo, Yuji, Sadao Nagaoka, Kenta Nakamura and Yumi Shimizu, “Science Sources of Bio-startup Firms
in Japan and Their Growth Agenda: Findings from the 2012 Statistical Survey on Bio-startups inJapan,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-22, February 2014
Honjo, Yuji, Sadao Nagaoka, Kenta Nakamura and Shimizu Yumi, “Agenda for the Growth of Bio
Startups in Japan with a Focus on Their Science Sources,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-03, January
2013
Conference and Presentation:
Yamauchi, Isamu and Sadao Nagaoka, “Science Sources of Corporate Inventions in Japan: Evidence fromInventor Survey,” presented at International Workshop on Science Sources of Innovation, March 17,
2014, Tokyo
Nishimura, Junichi and Sadao Nagaoka, “Science Intensity of Drugs Launched in Japan and Their
Performance,” presented at International Workshop on Science Sources of Innovation, March 17,
2014, Tokyo
Hara, Yasushi, “Policy Change Impact to R&D Process: Case Study Analysis of Innovative Drug Invented
in Japan and US,” presented at 10th ASIALICS Conference, Tokyo, September 20-21, 2013
Nishimura, Junichi, “Sources of the Performance Difference between the Listed Bio Startups of the US
and Japan: Capital Constraints vs. Seeds,” presented at The 12th Annual Interdisciplinary European
Conference on Entrepreneurship Research IECER, March 14, 2013, Brescia, Italy
Hara, Yasushi, “How Star Scientist Makes High Performance?,” presented at DRUID ACADEMY 2013,
Aalborg, Denmark, January 15, 201318

Hara, Yasushi, “Knowledge Flow Analysis for Pharmaceutical Innovation,” presented at Asia PacificInnovation Conference, October 14, 2012
(In Japanese)
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Scientific Sources of Innovations and Economic Impacts of Science,” presented at
RISTEX R&D Program “Science of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy” Annual General
Meeting, Tokyo, March 1, 2014, Tokyo
Hara, Yasushi, “Distance between Science and Innovation: Quantitative Analysis Based on Science
Linkage Database,” presented at the 28th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Science Policy andResearch Management, November 2-3, 2013, Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao and Junichi Nishimura, “Science Sources and Market Performance of the Drugs
Launched in Japan,” presented at the Incentives and Knowledge for Pharmaceutical Innovation:
Industry-University-Government Collaborative Workshop, September 26, 2013, Tokyo

19

I. Research Activities

3. Conferences ̶ Apr. 2012 ~ Mar. 2014
■International Workshop on Science Sources of Innovation
March 17, 2014 at National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP), Tokyo
Jointly Organized by
IIR,
NISTEP (National Institute of Science and Technology Policy) and
RIETI (Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry)
Objective
This research workshop focused on the process of science based innovation as well as policies forpromoting the synergy between the two. It invited a leading scholar on Innovation Economics, Professor
Adam Jaffe, who is also the head of the Motu Economic and Public Policy Research to deliver a keynote
speech on the “Capitalizing on Science for Innovations: Policy Issues and Research Agenda” in themorning session. In the afternoon, there were two sessions presenting the outcomes of three ongoingcollaborative research projects on innovation process at Hitotsubashi University, NISTEP and RIETI:(1) Science sources of industrial innovations: evidence from corporate inventions and drugs launched inJapan, (2) Bridging science to innovations (evidence from science projects, and university and industry
co-inventions). The presentations will be followed by discussions by academic scholars and policy
makers, for identifying the potential policy lessons and the remaining research agenda.
Program:
Opening remark: Atsushi Nakajima, Chairman, RIETI
Chair: Yuko Harayama, Council for Science and Technology Policy
Keynote Speech: “Capitalizing on Science for Innovations: Policy Issues and Research Agenda”
Adam Jaffe, Director of the Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, Professor of Brandeis University
and NBER Research AssociateComments: Reiko Aoki, Hitotsubashi University and RIETI
Session 1: Science Sources of Industrial Innovations
Chair: Jun Suzuki, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies(1) “Science Sources of Corporate Inventions in Japan: Evidence from Inventor Survey”
Isamu Yamauchi, RIETI(2) “ Science Intensity of Drugs Launched in Japan and Their Performance”
Junichi Nishimura, Gakushuin University
Session 2: Bridging Science to Innovations
Chair: Adam Jaffe, Director of the Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, Professor of Brandeis
University and NBER Research Associate(1) “Sources and Impacts of the Research at Pasture Quadrant”
Masatsura Igami, NISTEP(2) “Making University and Industry Collaboration: Sources of Seeds, Needs and Their Matching
Process”
Sadao Nagaoka, IIR/RIETI/NISTEP(3) “Funding and Commercialization Mechanism of Joint Research ”
Shinichi Akaike, IIR
Mitsuaki Hosono, NISTEPClosing remark: Yuji Sakakibara, Director General, NISTEP

20

■International Research Workshop on Science-based Innovation
October 1st, 2013 at National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP), Tokyo
Jointly Organized by
IIR andNISTEP (National Institute of Science and Technology Policy)
Objective:
This research workshop focused on the process of science-based innovation as well as policies forpromoting the synergy between the two. It invited Prof. Massimo G. Colombo, Full Professor of
Economics of Innovation of Politecnico di Milano to deliver keynote speech, focusing on the role ofuniversities in fostering the birth and growth of new companies. This research workshop also presented
the progress of ongoing research from the research project on “knowledge creation process in science” aswell as that on university and industry collaborative research. These researches have been supported fromthe Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS): Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) (No.
20223002) and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (No. 21243020)
Program:
Opening remarks: Yuji Sakakibara, Director General, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy(NISTEP), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
Keynote Speech: “Science and Radical Innovation: The Role of Universities in Local Entrepreneurial
Systems”
Chair: Yuko Harayama (Council for Science and Technology Policy, Cabinet Office of Japan)
Massimo G. Colombo, Full Professor of Economics of Innovation,
School of Management Deputy Director for Research, Politecnico di Milano
Department of Management, Economics and Industrial Engineering
Knowledge Creation Process in Science: Evidence from Scientists Surveys
Chair: René A. Belderbos, Professor of Managerial Economics and Strategy Department of Managerial
Economics, Strategy and Innovation (MSI), University of Leuven(1) “Contributions of Young Scholars in Team-based Scientific Research,”
Masatsura Igami, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP)(2) “International Collaborations in Science, Why and How: Evidence from Scientists’ Survey in the US
and Japan”
Sadao Nagaoka, IIR
University and Industry Collaborations: Evidence from the Research Projects Generating
Co-inventions
Chair: Saito Naoki, Deputy Director General, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy(NISTEP)(1) “Research Outcome and Impact of Industry and University Collaborations,”
Mitsuaki Hosono, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP)(2) “Funding mechanism of joint research,”
Shinichi Akaike, IIR
Closing: Sadao Nagaoka, IIR

21

■Incentives and Knowledge for Pharmaceutical Innovation:
Industry-University-Government Collaborative Workshop
September 26, 2013 at Hitotsubashi University, Liaison Laboratory, Tokyo
Jointly Organized by
IIR,
Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, and Japan Bioindustry Association
Supported by
Research Institute of Science and Technology for Society (RISTEX),
Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)Objective:
This workshop focused how incentives and knowledge matter for introducing innovative drugs inmarket. It invited Prof. Mark Schankerman of LSE to present key findings from his ongoing researchon “Global Diffusion of New Drugs: Patent Policy, Price Controls and Institutions”. It also presented
preliminary findings from ongoing collaborative research on “Scientific Sources of Innovations andEconomic Impacts of Science”, organized by Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
and supported by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). This research workshop aimed to draw
implications for future directions of policy and research for promoting pharmaceutical innovation.
(1)The Launch of Innovative Pharmaceuticals and the Role of the PatentProtection: Lessons from the Cases of 11 Innovative Pharmaceuticals Discovered in Japan
Chair: Sadao NAGAOKA (Professor, IIR)
Presenter: Hideo KAWABE (Director, Japan Bioindustry Association)
Discussant: Setsuko ASAMI (Professor, Tokyo University of Science)(2)Keynote Speech
Global Diffusion of New Drugs: Patent Policy, Price Controls and Institutions
Chair: Toshiaki IIZUKA (Professor, University of Tokyo)
Speaker: Mark SCHANKERMAN (Professor, London School of Economics and CEPR)
Discussant: Hiroshi NAKAMURA (Professor, Keio University)(3)The Launch of Innovative Pharmaceuticals, Clinical Trials Infrastructure and Regulations:Lessons from the Cases of 11 Innovative Pharmaceuticals
Chair: Sadao NAGAOKA (Professor, IIR)
Presenter: Koichi GENDA (Researcher, Office of Pharmaceutical Industry Research, Japan
Pharmaceutical Manufactures Association)
Discussant:Noriatsu KONO (Director, Office of Clinical Trial Promotion, Research and Development
Division, Health Policy Bureau, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare)(4)Science Intensity, Launch Timing and Market Performance of New Drugs in Japan: Evidence
from the US-Japan Matched Data
Chair: Yuji HONJO (Professor, Chuo University)
Presenter: Sadao NAGAOKA (Professor, IIR)
Junichi NISHIMURA (Associate Professor, Gakushuin University)
Discussant: Toshiaki IIZUKA (Professor, University of Tokyo)
Overall Comments
Chair: Yuji HONJO (Professor, Chuo University)
Yoshiyuki OHSUGI (Specially Appointed Professor, IIR)
Mark SCHANKERMAN (Professor, London School of Economics and CEPR)
22

■ 2013 International Workshop on Innovations and IPRs
June 29, 2013 at IIR
Co-Organized by
IIR
SSK program in Economics (Inha University), Korea
Keynote: “Identifying Technology Spillovers and Product Market Rivalry,”
Mark Schankerman (LSE)
Chair: Reiko Aoki (Hitotsubashi University)
1. Inventor Session (Chair: Hideo Owan, University of Tokyo)(1) “Labor Mobility and Productivity of Korean Inventors,”
Jinyoung Kim (Korea University)
Discussant: Hideo Owan (University of Tokyo)(2) “Life-cycle Productivity of Industrial Inventors: How PhDs Matter?,”
Koichiro Onishi (Osaka Institute of Technology)
and Sadao Nagaoka (IIR)
Discussant: Jinyoung Kim (Korea University)
2. Patent Examinations Session (Chair: Mark Schankerman, LSE )(3) “Uncertainty, Competition and Applicant’s Decision on the Patent Examination Request,”
Junbyoung Oh (Inha University)
Discussant: Jun Suzuki (GRIPS)(4) “Effects of Early Initiation of Patent Examination on the Examination Quality,”
Sadao Nagaoka (IIR) and Isamu Yamauchi (RIETI)
Discussant: Patarapong Intarakumnerd (GRIPS)
3. Innovations and Knowledge Session 1 (Chair: Sadao Nagaoka, IIR)
(5) “Comparing the Productivity Impacts of Knowledge Spillovers
from Network and Arm’s Length Industries: Findings from Business Groups in Korea,”
Kineung Choo (Korea Naval Academy) with Keun Lee (Seoul National University)and Minho Yoon (Kyung-book National University)
Discussant: Hiroyuki Okamuro (Hitotsubashi University)(6) “Diverse Entry and Catch-up Strategies of Firms under Different Demand Conditions: Evolutionary
Economics Simulations,”
Keun Lee (Seoul National University) and Minho Yoon(Kyung-book National University),
Discussant: Kazuyuki Motohashi (University of Tokyo)
4 Innovations and Knowledge Session 2 (Chair: Keun Lee, Seoul National University)(7) “Get Pennies from Many or Get a Dollar from One? Multiple Contracting in Markets forTechnology,”
by Dang Janwei and Kazuyuki Motohashi (University of Tokyo)
Discussant: Reiko Aoki (Hitotusbashi University)(8) “Knowledge and Rent Spillovers through Government-sponsored R&D Consortia”
Hiroyuki Okamuro (Hitotsubashi University) and
Junichi Nishimura (Gakushuin University)
Discussant: Hisam Kim (Korea Development Institute)23

■Research Workshop on Innovation Process
March 18, 2013 at Hitotsubashi University, East Campus
Organized by
IIR,This research workshop on innovation process invited the researchers who had participated in the
program of “University-industry-government collaborative research on innovation process” to present
their findings from completed or ongoing research projects. The research projects cover the research on
knowledge production in science, the research on NEDO consortiums, and the research on university
and industry collaborative research. The researches have been supported from the Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science (JSPS): Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) (No. 20223002) and Grant-in-Aid
for Scientific Research (A) (No. 21243020)
Session 1: Organizational Choice for Innovation
Chair: Hiroyuki Chuma, IIR“Differentiation, Interface Technology, and the Economies of Scope as the Determinants of ProductOutsourcing,” Hideo Owan, Institute of Social Science, University of Tokyo
Session 2: Knowledge Discovery Process in Science
Chair: Hideo Owan, University of Tokyo(1) “Commercializing Academic Science in a Changing Policy Environment: A Natural Experiment,”
John Walsh, Georgia Institute of Technology(2) “Contributions of Young Scholars in Team-based Scientific Research,” Masatsura Igami, National
Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP)(3) “International Collaborations in Science, Why and How: Evidence from Scientists’ Survey in the US
and Japan,” Sadao Nagaoka, IIR(4) Comments and Discussions
Comments Tomohiro Ijichi, Seijo University
Session 3: Spillovers and Collaborations in Research: Evidence from NEDO Consortium
Chair: Yosuke Okada, School of Economics, Hitotsubashi University(1) “Commercialization Performance and Spillover Effects of the Government-funded R&D,” Yaichi
Aoshima, IIR and Kazunari Matsushima, the University of Tokushima(2) “Organizational Structure of NEDO Consortium and Its Performance,” Junichi Nishimura, IIR(3) “Assessing Spillovers and Strategic Complementarities from NEDO Projects,” Naotoshi Tsukada,
RIETI(4) Comments and Discussions
Comments Akira Yamazaki, Chiba Technology University
Session 4: Industry and University Collaborations: Evidence from the Research Projects
Generating Co-inventions
Chair: Tomohiro Ijichi, Seijo University(1) “Sources of Industry and University Collaborations: Seeds vs. Needs,” Sadao Nagaoka, IIR(2) “Research Process in Industry and University Collaborations,”
Junichi Nishimura, IIR

24

(3) “Research Funding,”
Shinichi Akaike, IIR(4) “Research Outcome and Impact of Industry and University Collaborations,” Mitsuaki Hosono,
National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP)(5) Comments & Responses John Walsh, Georgia Institute of Technology

25■Symposium of university-industry-government collaborative research on innovation process
March 15, 2013 at Conference M+ “Success”, Tokyo
Organized by
IIR
Joint hosted by
National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP),
Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST),Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (JPMA),
Japan Bioindustry Association (JBA)
Sponsorship
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO)This symposium aimed at discussing the management and policy design to enhance the innovation
capability in Japan, based on the findings from the program of University-industry-government
collaborative research on innovation process, especially focusing on the semiconductor and bio/
pharmaceutical industries. The researches have been supported from the Japan Society for the Promotionof Science (JSPS): Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) (No. 20223002) and Grant-in-Aid for
Scientific Research (A) (No. 21243020), and from the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST):
Science of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy.
Program
Opening remarks: Kentaro Nobeoka (Director, IIR)
Session 1: Rapid Globalization of R&D System in Semiconductor Iindustry and Innovations
Chair: Masaomi Kameyama (Researcher, IIR / Semiconductor Equipment Association of Japan)
Keynote speech (1): “The Increasing Role of Globalized R&D Consortia in the Semiconductor Industry:
The Role of International Sematech”
Dr. Jammy, Raj (Vice President of Materials and Emerging Technologies, International Sematech)“The Changing Potentiality of Japanese Semiconductor R&D System: Social Network Analysis ofHigh-h/Metal Gate R&D Activities”
Hiroyuki Chuma (Professor, IIR)
Comments and Discussions: Tsunetoshi Arikado (Fellow, Tokyo Electron Limited)
Session 2: Globalizing Scientists
Chair: Reiko Aoki (Professor, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University / Council for
Science and Technology Policy
Keynote speech (2): “Mobile Scientists and International Network: Findings from Global Science
Project”
Giuseppe Scellato (Assistant Professor, Politecnico di Torino)
Comments and Discussions: Masatsura Igami (National Institute of Science and Technology Policy,
NISTEP)

26

Session 3: Findings from Breakthrough / Innovative Drugs from Japan and Science Sources of Bio
Startups
Chair: Sadao Nagaoka (Professor, IIR)
Keynote speech (3): “How Actemra was Invented and Developed?: The First Antibody Drug fromJapan”
Yoshiyuki Ohsugi (Specially Appointed Professor, IIR)
“Sources of Breakthrough/Innovative Drugs from Japan: Initial Fndings from 10 Case Studies “Chair: Shinichi Akaike (Professor, IIR)
1) “Features of Research and Development of Breakthrough/Innovative Drugs”
Akira Nagumo (Office of Pharmaceutical Industry Research)
Koichi Genda (Office of Pharmaceutical Industry Research)
2) “Science Sources of Breakthrough/Innovative Drugs”
Sadao Nagaoka (Professor, IIR)
3) “Intellectual Property Rights and Patent Competition of Breakthrough/Innovative Drugs”
Hideo Kawabe (Japan Bioindustry Association)
Comments and Discussions: Kenta Nakamura (Associate Professor, Graduate School of Economics, Kobe
University)“Scientific Sources of Japanese Bio Startups”
Chair: Tomohiro Ijichi (Professor, Faculty on Innovation Studies, Seijo University)
Yuji Honjo (Professor, Faculty of Commerce, Chuo University)
Comments and Discussions: Ikkei Matsuda (Founder, Science and Research for Reconstruction, LLC)

27

■Research workshop on “IPRs and standard for innovation: Institutional design”
October 16, 2012 at Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo
Organized by“Science of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Program”(IIR)
Research Institute for Policies on Pension(Institute of Economic Research) andAging and Research Project on Evolution of Standards
Program
1st Session on Standard and Collaboration
Chair: Sadao Nagaoka, Professor, IIR“Entrepreneurship, Intellectual Property, and Platform Technologies”,
Stuart Graham, Chief Economist of the USPTO“Patent Law Design in the ‘Open Innovation’ Era”
Yoshiyuki Tamura, Professor, Hokkaido University“Coalition Formation through a Patent Pool for Standard”,
Reiko Aoki, Professor, Hitotsubashi University

2nd Session on Patent System
Chair: Stuart Graham, Chief Economist of the USPTO“Continuing Applications and Quality of Inventions”
Naotoshi Tsukada, Researcher, RIETI“Third Party Participations in Patent Examination”
Sadao Nagaoka, Professor, IIR

28

II. Researchers29II. Researchers

1. Full-time Researchers

Profiles & List of Research Achievements ̶ FY 2012 ~ FY 2013
Shinichi Akaike■ Education
2008
2000
1992

Ph.D. (Industrial Technology and Management), Tokyo Institute of Technology
Master of Science (Science and Technology Policy), University of Sussex
Master of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo

1990

Bachelor of Agriculture, University of Tokyo■ Professional Positions
2014
2011
2009
2008

2007
2006
2005
2002
2001

Senior Analyst, Science and Technology Policy Bureau, Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University(~March 2014)
Assistant to Deputy Director-General and Fellow, Center for Research andDevelopment Strategy, Japan Science and Technology Agency
Depury Director for International Exchange Promotion, Science and Technology
International Affairs Division, Science and Technology Policy Bureau,
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)Childcare Leave
Deputy-Director, Personnel Division, Minister’s Secretariat, MEXT
Deputy-Director, Atomic Energy Division, Science and Technology Policy
Bureau, Cabinet OfficeFirst Secretary (Science Attache), Embassy of Japan in Sweden
Deputy Director, International Science and Technology Affairs Division, Scienceand Technology Policy Bureau, MEXT

■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1 Articles and Chapters in Books(In Japanese)
Shichijo, Naohiro, Junichi Murata, Shinichi Akaike and Atsushi Ogasawara, “Absorptive
Company: Sources of R&D Capability in Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.,” Hitotsubashi
Business Review, Vol. 61, No. 3, December 2013, pp. 38-51
Akaike, Shinichi and Mitsuaki Hosono, “Process of Industry-University Co-inventions:Findings from a Large Scale Questionnaire Survey on Industry-University
Collaboration in Japan,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 61, No. 3, December
2013, pp. 86-101
Akaike, Shinichi, “Next Steps for Collaboration between Policy Formation and Policy
Studies,” Kenkyū Gijyutsu Keikaku (The Journal of Science Policy and Research
Management), Vol. 28, No. 1, September 2013, pp. 81-88

30

2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Akaike, Shinichi, Osamu Kayasono, Kenichi Fujita, Akiyuki Tonogi and Shinichi
Hanada, “A Study on the Incorporation of Science and Technology Innovation Policy
into the Macroeconomic Policy System,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-19, October
2013
Nagaoka, Sadao, Mitsuaki Hosono, Shinichi Akaike and Jyunichi Nishimura,“Knowledge Creations and Innovations through Industry and Academic
Collaborations: Basic Findings from a Large Scale Survey over University andIndustry Co-inventors,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-14, June 2013

2.2. Research Reports(In Japanese)
Akaike, Shinichi, Yaichi Aoshima and Makoto Nirei, “Innovation Research andPolicy Formation,” Trial Researches for the “Science for RE-designing Science,
Technology and Innovation Policy” Program, National Graduate Institute for Policy
Studies, March 2014, pp. 275-291
Akaike, Shinichi, “A Range of Initiatives Viewed from a Historic Perspective,” Trial
Researches for the “Science for RE-designing Science, Technology and Innovation
Policy” Program, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, March 2014, pp.
467-472
Hosono, Mitsuaki, Shinichi Akaike and Ryuji Shimoda, “Database of Measures inScience, Technology and Innovation Policy,” NISTEP NOTE NO. 8, National
Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP), November 2013
Akaike, Shinichi and Mitsuaki Hosono, “Database of Budget Allocation in Science,
Technology and Innovation Policy,” NISTEP NOTE NO. 9, National Institute of
Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP), November 2013
Akaike, Shinichi, Kenichi Fujita, Akiyuki Tonogi and Shinichi Hanada, “A Study on the
Incorporation of Science and Technology Innovation Policy into the Macroeconomic
Policy System,” Research Material-226, National Institute of Science andTechnology Policy (NISTEP), October 2013
Nagaoka, Sadao, Mitsuaki Hosono, Shinichi Akaike and Jyunichi Nishimura,“Knowledge Creation and Innovation by University-Industry Collaboration: Basic
Findings from the Large-scale Survey of Academic and Corporate Researchers,”
Research Material-221, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy(NISTEP), June 2013
Nirei, Makoto (Principal Investigator), Koki Oikawa, Shuhei Aoki, Tetsushi Murao,
Shinichi Akaike and Kensuke Miyazawa, “An Investigation on Macroeconomic
Evaluation Systems for Science, Technology, and Innovation Policies,” project
report submitted to Japan Science and Technology Agency, October 201231

3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Akaike, Shinichi, “Funding Mechanism of Joint Research,” presented at International
Research Workshop on Science-based Innovation, IIR and NISTEP, October 1, 2013,
Tokyo
Akaike, Shinichi, “Research Funding,” presented at Research Workshop on Innovation
Process, IIR, March 18, 2013, Hitotsubashi University(In Japanese)
Akaike, Shinichi and Mitsuaki Hosono, “Innovation Process through Industry-University
Collaboration,” presented at IIR Workshop: Assessment of Industry-University
Collaboration in Japan: Toward New Combinations, August 28, 2013, Tokyo
Akaike, Shinichi, “Analysis on Input and Output of Industry-University Joint Research
Projects,” presented at Research Workshop on Knowledge Creation and Innovation
by Industry-University Collaboration: Basic Findings from the Large-scale Survey of
Academic and Corporate Researchers, National Institute of Science and Technology
Policy (NISTEP), February 7, 2013, Tokyo
Akaike, Shinichi, Mitsuaki Hosono, Sadao Nagaoka and Jyunichi Nishimura, “Large
Scale Survey on Industry-University Collaborations,” presented at the 27th Annual
Meeting of the Japan Society for Science Policy and Research Management, October28, 2012, Tokyo
Akaike, Shinichi and Kenichi Fujita, “New Approaches of Analyzing and Evaluating
the Economic Impacts of Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy,” presented
at the 27th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Science Policy and Research
Management, October 27, 2012, Tokyo

32

Yaichi Aoshima■ Education
1996

Ph.D. (Management), Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology

1989
1987

M.C. (Business Administration), Hitotsubashi University
B.C. (Commerce), Hitotsubashi University■ Professional Positions
2012~ Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1999 Associate Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1997 Assistant Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1996 Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books
Aoshima, Yaichi, Kazunari Matsushima and Manabu Eto, “Effects of Government
Funding on R&D Performance Leading to Commercialization,” International
Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, Vol. 12, No. 1, January 2013,
pp. 22-43
Takeda, Yoko, Yaichi Aoshima and Kentaro Nobeoka, “The Importance of Technology
Integration Capabilities: Evaluating the Impact on 3D Technologies on ProductDevelopment Performance in Japan and China,” International Journal of ProductDevelopment, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2012, pp. 26-44
Aoshima, Yaichi and Hiroshi Shimizu, “A Pitfall of Environmental Policy: An Analysis of‘Eco-point Program’ in Japan and its Application to the Renewable Energy Policy,”
International Journal of Global Business and Competitiveness, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2012,
pp. 1-13(In Japanese)
Aoshima, Yaichi and Kiyonori Sakakibara, “Reasons for Learning Management
Theories,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 62, No. 1, June 2014, pp. 136-144
Fujiwara, Masatoshi and Yaichi Aoshima, “Business Case / Toyobo Co., Ltd.: Reverse
Osmosis Membrane Development and Business Expansion,” Hitotsubashi Business
Review, Vol. 62, No. 1, June 2014, pp. 102-119
Aoshima, Yaichi and Osamu Suzuki, “Business Case / Nippon Steel Corporation:
Development and Commercialization of Waste Plastics Recycling Process Using
Coke Oven,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 61, No. 3, December 2013, pp.
152-165
Shimizu, Hiroshi and Yaichi Aoshima, “Business Management Perspectives in Science,
Technology and Innovation Policy,” Kenkyū Gijyutsu Keikaku (The Journal of
Science Policy and Research Management), Vol. 27, No. 3, April 2013, pp. 183-196
33

Sakurai, Koichi and Yaichi Aoshima, “Business Case / FeliCa Networks, Inc.:
Development of Mobile Solution Business,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60,
No. 4, March 2013, pp. 148-161
1.2. Others(In Japanese)
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Vulnerability of the Growth Strategy with a Slogan of ‘Eco’,” Wedge,
March 2013, pp. 14-16
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Importance of Management Perspectives to Solve Energy andEnvironmental Problems,” Soshiki Kagaku (Organizational Science), Vol. 46, No. 3,
March 2013, p. 105
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Aoshima, Yaichi and Tomono Miki, “Possibilities of Geothermal Power Generationin Japan: Notes from an Iceland Field Study,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-11,
September 2012
Fujiwara, Masatoshi, Yaichi Aoshima and Tomono Miki, “Development of the Polyamide
Composite Reverse Osmosis Membrane and Reverse Osmosis Membrane System: A
Case Study of Toray Industries, Inc.,” IIR Case Study CASE#12-08, July 2012
Aoshima, Yaichi and Makoto Kitamura, “Seiko Epson Corporation: Development ofan Inkjet Printer that Produces High-Resolution Text and Images,” IIR Case Study
CASE#12-07, July 2012
(In Japanese)
Fujiwara, Masatoshi and Yaichi Aoshima, “Toyobo Co., Ltd.: Reverse Osmosis
Membrane Development and Business Expansion,” IIR Case Study CASE#14-01,
January 2014
Aoshima, Yaichi and Osamu Suzuki, “Nippon Steel Corporation: Development andCommercialization of Waste Plastics Recycling Process Using Coke Oven,” IIR
Case Study CASE#13-03, August 2013
Kubota, Tatsuya, Yaichi Aoshima and Youngjae Koh, “Fujitsu: Development of New
Resist Materials for ArF Excimer Laser Lithography That Realized the Most
Advanced LSI,” IIR Case Study CASE#13-02, May 2013
Nagaoka, Sadao, Manabu Eto, Yaichi Aoshima, Hideo Owan, Kazunari Matsushima,
Jyunichi Nishimura and Naotoshi Tsukada, “Cooperation toward Innovation:
Findings from NEDO Consortium Survey,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-13, October
2012

34

2.2. Research Reports
Akaike, Shinichi, Yaichi Aoshima and Makoto Nirei, “Innovation Research andPolicy Formation,” Trial Researches for the “Science for RE-designing Science,
Technology and Innovation Policy” Program, National Graduate Institute for Policy
Studies, March 2014, pp. 275-291
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Energy and Industrial Development: How Does Promoting Renewable
Energies Achieve Stable Energy Supply, Environmental Protection and Economic
Growth?,” presented at I²CNER International Workshop 2014, International Institutefor Carbon-Neutral Energy Research, Kyushu University and HYDOGENIUS,
January 31, 2014, Fukuoka
Aoshima, Yaichi and Kazunari Matsushima, “Commercialization Performance andSpillover Effects of the Government-funded R&D,” presented at Research Workshop
on Innovation Process, IIR, March 18, 2013, Tokyo
Aoshima, Yaichi and Kazunari Matsushima, “Commercialization Performance andSpillover Effects of the Government-funded Private R&D,” presented at the 15th
Asia-Pacific Researchers in Organisation Studies Conference, February 14-17, 2013,
Tokyo
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Japan’s Shift to Renewable Energies after the Fukushima Disaster,”presented at the 4th Chinese Renewable Energy Conference & Exhibition, November
1, 2012, Wuxi, China
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Reasons for Innovation: Creating Legitimacy of Resource
Mobilization,” presented at the 70th Drucker Forum, September 3, 2012, Nanjing,
China(In Japanese)
Aoshima, Yaichi, “A Mechanism of Competition in the Chinese Photovoltaic Industry,”presented at magicc Symposium 2014: Balancing among Environmental Potection,
Energy Supply, and Economic Growth, IIR and Funding Program for Next
Generation World-Leading Researchers (NEXT Program), February 7, 2014, Tokyo
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Potentials of Small-scale Geothermal Power Plant,” presented atmagicc Symposium 2014: Balancing among Environmental Protection, Energy
Supply, and Economic Growth, IIR and Funding Program for Next Generation
World-Leading Researchers (NEXT Program), February 7, 2014, Tokyo
Aoshima, Yaichi and Hiromi Kubota, “Economy of Small-scale Geothermal Power Plant
Using Hot Springs,” presented at the Annual Meeting of the Geothermal ResearchSociety of Japan, November 7, 2013, Chiba

35

Aoshima, Yaichi, “Promoting Renewable Energies by Considering Industry
Competitiveness: Possibilities of Geothermal Energy Development in Japan,”Nagasaki University Extension Course, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki
University, December 6, 2012, Nagasaki
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Balancing among Energy Supply, GHG Reduction, and Industry
Competitiveness,” Innovation Policy Research Center Institute of Engineering
Innovation, School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo, July 3, 2012, Tokyo36

Hiroyuki Chuma■ Education
1984
1975

Ph.D. (Economics), State University of New York at Buffalo
B.A. (Economics), Hitotsubashi University■ Professional Positions
2014~ Professor, Faculty of Social Innovation, Seijo University
2009 Committee Member, Expert Panel on Evaluation, Council for Science andTechnology Policy (CSTP, ~2012)2009 Committee Member, Expert Panel on Basic Policy Promotion, Council for
Science and Technology Policy (CSTP, ~March 2011)2004 Affiliated Senior Fellow, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy,
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (~March 2007)
2000 Faculty Fellow, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (~March2014)2000 Visiting Professor, Department of Economics, Yale University (~2001)
1999 Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University (~April 2014)
1993 Professor, Faculty of Economics, Hitotsubashi University
1992 Associate Professor, Faculty of Economics, Hitotsubashi University
1986 Visiting Research Fellow, Department of Economics, Yale University (~1987)
1985 Associate Professor, Faculty of Economics, Tokyo Metropolitan University
1984 Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Southern Illinois University
at Carbondale■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books(In Japanese)
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “Business Case: Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation: CD-SEM
Supporting the Miniaturization for World Semiconductor Industry,” Hitotsubashi
Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 142-163, December 2012

2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers(In Japanese)
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “Searching for the Declining Causes and Effects of Japanese
Semiconductor Industry: In View of Innovation Design,” IIR Working Paper WP#1402, June 2014
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “CD-SEM Supporting the Miniaturization for World Semiconductor
Industry: Embodying Originality and Universality a la Hitachi,” IIR Case Study
CASE#12-11, October 201237

3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “The Changing Potentiality of Japanese Semiconductor R&D System:
Social Network Analysis of High-k/Metal Gate R&D Activities,” presented
at Symposium of University-industry-government Collaborative Research on
Innovation Process: Findings from the Semiconductor and Bio/pharmaceuticalIndustries, March 15, 2013, Tokyo
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “Social Network Analysis of the World Semiconductor R&D System:
Case of High-k/Metal Gate Technologies,” presented at Tokyo University Science
Knowledge Integration Laboratory, October 19, 2012, Tokyo (Invited Speech)(In Japanese)
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “Visualization Management in the Age of Digital Convergence: The
Necessity of Meta-cognition Layers,” presented at Cadence Executive Forum,
November 8, 2013, Kanagawa (Invited Speech)
The 49th STARC Advanced Seminar: The Application of ICT to Medical and Health Care(2), Panel Discussion, September 3, 2013, Kanagawa
The First Minimal-Fub Symposium (the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Scienceand Technology), Panel Discussion, July 3, 2013, Tokyo
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “Searching for the Strength of Hitachi CD-SEM,” presented at Tokyo
Electron-Hitotsubashi University Joint Research Presentation Meeting 3/3, August20, 2012, Tokyo
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “Social Network Analysis to Strengthen R&D Strategies: Case ofHigh-k/Metal Gate,” presented at Tokyo Electron-Hitotsubashi University Joint
Research Presentation Meeting 2/3, July 6, 2012, Tokyo
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “Weakening Competitiveness in Semiconductor Lithography Industry:
Learning form ASML’s Advancement and Nikon’s Predicament,” presented at Tokyo
Electron-Hitotsubashi University Joint Research Presentation Meeting 1/3, April 20,
2012, Tokyo

38

Manabu Eto■ Education
2008
1985
1983

Ph.D. (Engineering), Tohoku University
M.E. (Engineering Science), Osaka University
B.E. (Engineering Science), Osaka University■ Professional Positions
2013~ Adjunct Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
2011 Director General, JETRO Geneva (~July 2013)2008 Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University(~March 2011)
2006~ Consulting Fellow, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI)2006 Director, Conformity Assessment Division, Industry Science and Technology
Policy and Environment Bureau, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industy (METI)(~2008)
2004 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (~2005)
2000 Delegation of Japan to the OECD (~2004)
1995 Assistant Professor, University of Tsukuba (~1997)
1994 Visiting Scholar, University of New Mexico (~1995)
1989 Science and Technology Agency (~1990)
1985 Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI)■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Others(In Japanese)
Eto, Manabu, “IPR and Standardization Strategy for New Market and Globalization,”Gekkan Keidanren (Keidanren Monthly Journal), Vol. 62, No. 1, January 2014, pp.
42-43
Eto, Manabu and Nathalie Cornier, “Area Report, Switzerland, World’s Largest Organic
Food Consuming Country,” JETRO Sensor, Vol. 63, No. 753, August 2013, pp.
60-61
Eto, Manabu, “Standardization and Conformity Assessment for the Heat Pump andCogeneration Technologies,” JETRO Sensor, Vol. 63, No. 753, August 2013, p. 21
Eto, Manabu, “Business and Standardization of European Companies (Standardization
and IPR Management 24),” Tokkyo News (Patent News), No.13526, July 30, 2013,
pp. 1-1039

2. Conference Papers, Presentations(In Japanese)
Eto, Manabu, “Standardization Strategy of European Companies,” presented at the 28th
Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Science Policy and Research Management,
November 3, 2013, Tokyo
Eto, Manabu, “Cause of Swiss Innovation Power,” presented at the 28th Annual Meetingof the Japan Society for Science Policy and Research Management, November 2,
2013, Tokyo

40

Masaru Karube■ Education
1998
1995
1993

Doctor of Commerce, Hitotsubashi University
Master of Commerce, Hitotsubashi University
B.A. (Commerce), Hitotsubashi University■ Professional Positions
2006

Fulbright Visiting Scholar, Bryn Mawr College / The Wharton School of the
University of Pennsylvania (~2007)
2002~ Associate Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1998 Lecturer, Faculty of Business Administration, Tokyo Keizai University■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books
Numagami, Tsuyoshi, Masaru Karube, Toshihiko Kato and Masato Sasaki, “Vertical
Strategic Information Flow & Market Orientation,” Hitotsubashi Journal ofCommerce and Management, Vol. 46, No. 1, October 2012, pp. 17-40
Karube, Masaru, Toshihiko Kato, and Tsuyoshi Numagami, “Organizational
Characteristics of Middle Managers’ Deterioration as Sources of Organizational
Decline,” in Dariusz Jemielniak & Abigail Marks, eds., Managing Dynamic
Technology-Oriented Businesses, Pennsylvania: IGI Global, June 2012, pp. 209-227(In Japanese)
Karube, Masaru, “Strategic Orientation and Strategic Planning Process in the Business
Units among Japanese Firms,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 62, No. 1, June
2014, pp. 38-57
Karube, Masaru and Kentaro Nobeoka, “Scale and Complexity: Barriers to Value
Creation,” in Center for Japanese Business Studies, Hitotsubashi University, ed.,Frontier of Japanese Business Studies 9, Tokyo: Yuhikaku, March 2013, pp. 14-26
Nobeoka, Kentaro and Masaru Karube, “Difficulties in Creating Value at Japanese Firms
Due to Managerial Complexity,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 3,
December 2012, pp. 84-96

41

2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Paper
Karube, Masaru and Hironori Fukukawa, “Integrating Personal Expertise: A History ofJapanese Audit Firms, 1965–2010,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-07, March 2013
Fukukawa, Hironori and Masaru Karube, “Personal Knowledge of Audit Partners andOrganizational Knowledge of Audit Firms and the Impact on Audit Fees,” IIR
Working Paper WP#13-06, March 2013
Fukukawa, Hironori and Masaru Karube, “Audit Firm Switch and Engagement Partner
Continuance,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-05, March 2013

3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Fukukawa, Hironori and Masaru Karube, “Personal Knowledge of Audit Partners andOrganizational Knowledge of Audit Firms and the Impact on Audit Fees,” presented
at the 19th Annual International Symposium on Audit Research, June 27, 2013,
Sydney, Australia
Karube, Masaru and Hironori Fukukawa, “Integrating Personal Expertise: A Historyof Japanese Audit Firms, 1965-2010,” presented at the European Accounting
Association Annual Congress 2013, May 8, 2013, Paris, France
Fukukawa, Hironori and Masaru Karube, “Audit Partner’s Personal Knowledge andAudit Firm’s Organizational Knowledge,” presented at the European Accounting
Association Annual Congress 2013, May 7, 2013, Paris, France
Karube, Masaru and Hironori Fukukawa, “Integrating Personal Expertise: A History ofJapanese Audit Firms, 1965-2010,” presented at the European Business History
Conference 2012, August 31, 2012, Paris, France
Kato, Toshihiko and Masaru Karube, “Why are Japanese Firms Still in Trouble? An
Explanation from the Middle Management Perspective,” presented at the Academyof Management Annual Meeting 2012, August 7, 2012, Massachusetts, USA(In Japanese)
Karube, Masaru, “Reasons for Innovation: Creating Legitimacy for Resource
Mobilization,” presented at the regular meeting of the Japanese Academic
Association for Organizational Science, September 28, 2012, Tokyo

42

Taiju Kitano■ Education
2011
2004
2002

Ph.D. (Economics), Graduate School of Economics, University of Tokyo
M.A., Graduate School of Economics, University of Tokyo
B.A., Department of Economics, Sophia University■ Professional Positions
2013~ Adjunct Associate Professor, Institute of Innovation Research,
Hitotsubashi University
2009 Assistant Professor, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies
2009 Lecturer, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies■ Research Achievements
1. Unpublished Work1.1. Working Papers
Kitano, Taiju, “Disguised Protectionism? Environmental Policy in the Japanese Car
Market,” RIETI Discussion Paper Series 13-E-059, June 2013
2. Conference Papers, Presentations
Kitano, Taiju, “Disguised Protectionism? Environmental Policy in the Japanese Car
Market,” presented at OEIO Tokyo Conference, Spring 2014, March 6, 2014, Tokyo
Kitano, Taiju, “Disguised Protectionism? Environmental Policy in the Japanese Car
Market,” presented at Asian Meeting of the Econometric Society 2013, August 4,
2013, Singapore
Kitano, Taiju, “Disguised Protectionism? Environmental Policy in the Japanese Car
Market,” presented at the Japan Society of International Economics 2013 Spring
Meeting, June 8, 2013, Fukuoka(In Japanese)
Kitano, Taiju, “Demand Estimation in Automobile Market,” presented at Policy ResearchInstitute, Ministry of Finance, May 17, 2013, Tokyo

43

Sadao Nagaoka■ Education
1990
1980
1975

Ph.D. (Economics), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
M.S. (Management), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
B.E. (Engineering), The University of Tokyo■ Professional Positions
2004 Director, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University (~2008)
1997~ Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1996 Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University
1992 Professor, Faculty of Economics, Seikei University
1990 Director of the Office for Russia and Eastern Europe, the Ministry of International
Trade and Industry of Japan
1986 Economist, the World Bank (~1990)
1975 The Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan (~1992)■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Book(In Japanese)
Nagaoka, Sadao and Yukiko Hirao, Economics of Industrial Organization: Fundamentals
and Applications, Tokyo: Nippon Hyoron Sha, 2013, 312 pages
1.2. Articles and Chapters in Books
Igami, Masatsura, Sadao Nagaoka and John Walsh, “Living on the Cutting Edge: The
Prevalence of Postdoctoral Researchers in Radical Science,” Journal of Technology
Transfer, forthcoming 2014
(In Japanese)
Igami, Masatsura and Sadao Nagaoka, “Exploring the Impacts of Motivations,Management and Team Compositions on the Performance of Science Research
Projects: Empirical Evidence from Large-scale Surveys on the US and the Japanese
Scientists,” Nihon Chizai Gakkaishi (Journal of Intellectual Property Association ofJapan), Vol. 10, No. 3, March 2014, pp. 33-45
Onishi, Koichiro and Sadao Nagaoka, “Intrinsic Motivations and Monetary Incentive:
Survey of Prior Research and the Findings from Trilateral Inventor Surveys,” Nihon
Chizai Gakkaishi (Journal of Intellectual Property Association of Japan), Vol. 10,
No. 3, March 2014, pp. 4-13
Nagaoka, Sadao and Koichiro Onishi, “Life-cycle Inventive Productivity of Corporate
Inventors,” RIETI Highlight, Vol. 42, 2013, pp. 30-33
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Why Early Clarification of the Validity of Patents Is Important?,”
Nihon Chizai Gakkaishi (Journal of Intellectual Property Association of Japan), Vol.
9, No. 1, September 2012, pp. 24-31
44

Nagaoka, Sadao, “Reasons for Patenting and Usefulness of Patent Disclosure:Some Evidence from Inventor Surveys in Japan and the US,” Chiteki ZaisanhōSeisakugaku Kenkyū (Intellectual Property Law and Policy Journal), ResearchInstitute for Information Law & Policy, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido University
GCOE New Global Law and Policy for Multi-agential Governance, Vol. 39,
September 2012, pp. 1-16
Kim, Young Gak and Sadao Nagaoka, “Construction of Corporate Data on Firm Group
Basis: Initial Findings,” Keizai Tōkei Kenkyū (Journal of the Economy, Trade andIndustry Statistics Association), Vol. 40, No. 2, September 2012, pp. 1-15
Nagaoka, Sadao, “When Injunctions Should Be Used against Unauthorized Use ofStandard Essential Patents?,” Chizaiken Forum, Institute of Intellectual Property,Vol. 90, August 2012, pp. 54-60
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Nagaoka, Sadao and Yoichiro Nishimura, “Complementarity, Fragmentation, and the
Effects of Patent Thickets,” RIETI Discussion Paper Series 14-E-001, January 2014
Yamauchi, Isamu and Sadao Nagaoka, “Does the Outsourcing of Prior Art Search
Increase the Efficiency of Patent Examination?,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-12,
May 2013
Igami, Masatsura, Sadao Nagaoka and John P. Walsh, “Contributions of Young Scholars
in Team-based Scientific Research,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-02, January 2013
Onishi, Koichiro and Sadao Nagaoka, “Life-cycle Productivity of Industrial Inventors:
Education and Other Determinants,” RIETI Discussion Paper 12-E-059, September
2012(In Japanese)
Honjo, Yuji, Sadao Nagaoka, Kenta Nakamura and Yumi Shimizu, “Science Sourcesof Bio-Startup Firms in Japan and Their Growth Agenda: Findings from the 2012
Statistical Survey on Bio-startups in Japan,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-22,
February 2014
Nagaoka, Sadao, Mitsuaki Hosono, Shinichi Akaike and Jyunichi Nishimura,“Knowledge Creations and Innovations through Industry and Academic
Collaborations: Basic Findings from a Large Scale Survey over University andIndustry Co-inventors,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-14, June 2013
Honjo, Yuji, Sadao Nagaoka, Kenta Nakamura and Shimizu Yumi, “Agenda for the
Growth of Bio Startups in Japan with a Focus on Their Science Sources,” IIR
Working Paper WP#13-03, January 2013
Maeda, Takahiro and Sadao Nagaoka, “Sources of Technical Progress of Note PCs:
Analysis by Hedonic Pricing Based on Commercial Price Comparison Data,” IIR
Working Paper WP#13-01, January 201345

Nagaoka, Sadao, Manabu Eto, Yaichi Aoshima, Hideo Owan, Kazunari Matsushima,
Junichi Nishimura and Naotoshi Tsukada, “Collaborations for Innovations:Insights from the Experiences of NEDO Consortiums,” IIR Working Paper
WP#12-13, October 2012
Nagaoka, Sadao, Naotoshi Tsukada, Koichiro Onishi and Yoichiro Nishimura,“Innovation Process in Japan in the Early 2000s as Seen from Inventors: Agenda
for Strengthening Innovative Capability,” RIETI Discussion Paper 12-J-033,
Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry, September 2012
Nagaoka, Sadao and Young Gak Kim, “Governance Structure within a Business Groupand Its Performance: New Data Construction and Basic Findings,” TCER Working
Paper J-9, July 2012
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Entry through Diversification and Exit through De-diversification:
Panel Data Analysis,” TCER Working Paper J-8, June 2012
Kato, Masatoshi and Sadao Nagaoka, “Organizational Restructuring and Performancein the Japanese Petroleum Industry: The Effects of Import Liberalization onCompetitive Conditions,” TCER Working Paper J-6, June 2012
2.2. Research Reports(In Japanese)
Nagaoka, Sadao, Mitsuaki Hosono, Shinichi Akaike and Jyunichi Nishimura,“Knowledge Creations and Innovations through Industry and Academic
Collaborations: Basic Findings from a Large Scale Survey over University andIndustry Co-inventors,” NISTEP Research Report-221, June 2013
“A Second Study on the Enforcement of Patent Protections for Standard Essential
Patents,” Institute of Intellectual Property (Chairman: Sadao Nagaoka),
Introduction, March 2013
“Study for a Patent System Design for Stable Patent Rights,” Institute of Intellectual
Property (Chairman: Sadao Nagaoka), February 2013
“A Study on a Mechanism of the Accumulation of Pending Patent Examinations andDeterminants of the Efficiency of Examinations,” A 2011 Study on Industrial
Property Rights toward New Economic Growth, Institute of Intellectual Property(Chairman: Sadao Nagaoka), Chap. 5, April 2012
“A 2011 Study on Industrial Property Rights toward New Economic Growth,” Instituteof Intellectual Property (Chairman: Sadao Nagaoka), Introduction, April 2012
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Nagaoka, Sadao, Junichiro Nishimura, Shinichi Akaike and Mitsuaki Hosono,“Making University and Industry Collaboration: Sources of Seeds, Needs andTheir Matching,” presented at the International Workshop on Science Sourcesof Innovation, jointly organized by IIR, NISTEP (National Institute of Scienceand Technology Policy) and RIETI (Research Institute of Economy, Trade andIndustry), March 17, 2014, Tokyo
46

Nagaoka, Sadao and Isamu Yamauchi, “Effects of Early Initiation of Patent Examinationon the Examination Quality,” presented at the Fourth Asia Pacific Innovation
Conference, December 6, 2013, Taipei, Taiwan
Onishi, Koichiro and Sadao Nagaoka, “Life-cycle Productivity of Industrial Inventors:
How PhDs Matter?,” presented at the Fourth Asia Pacific Innovation Conference,
December 6, 2013, Taipei, Taiwan
Nagaoka, Sadao and Kenta Nakamura, “Third Party Contribution to Early Clarificationof Patent Rights: An Economic Assessment,” presented at the Fourth Asia PacificInnovation Conference, December 6, 2013, Taipei, Taiwan (Invited Speech)
Nagaoka, Sadao and Yoichiro Nishimura, “Complementarity, Fragmentation and the
Effects of Patent Thicket,” presented at the Patent Statistics for Decision Makers,organized by OECD, EPO, WIPO, INPI, BR, urostat, JPO, KIPO, NST and USTPO,
November 11, 2013, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Invited Speech)
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Author Recognitions in Scientific Research: Evidence from Scientists
Survey in the US and Japan,” presented at the 13th Annual REER, “Economics ofKnowledge Contribution and Distribution”, November 8, 2013, Atlanta, U.S.
Nagaoka, Sadao, “International Collaborations in Science, Why and How: Evidence from
Scientists’ Survey in the US and Japan,” presented at the International ResearchWorkshop on Science-based Innovation, jointly organized by IIR and NISTEP,
October 1, 2013, Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao and Isamu Yamauchi, “Effects of Early Initiation of Patent Examinationon the Examination Quality,” presented at the 2013 International Workshop on
Innovations and IPRs, June 29, 2013, Tokyo
Onishi, Koichiro and Sadao Nagaoka, “Life-cycle Productivity of Industrial Inventors:
How PhDs Matter?,” presented at the 2013 International Workshop on Innovations
and IPRs, June 29, 2013, Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao, “International Collaborations in Science, Why and How: Evidence from
Scientists’ Survey in the US and Japan,” presented at the Research Workshop on
Innovation Process, March 18, 2013, Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Third Party Participations in Patent Examination,” presented at the
Research Workshop on IPRs and Standard for Innovation: Institutional Design,
October 16, 2012, Hitotsubashi University
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Discovery Process in Science: Findings from the US and Japan
Scientists Survey,” presented at the Third Asia Pacific Innovation Conference,
October 13 and 14, 2012, Seoul, Korea (Keynote Speech)
Nagaoka, Sadao, “International Collaborations in Science, Why and How: Evidence
from Scientists’ Survey in the US and Japan,” presented at the EUSPRI (European
Forum for Studies of Policies for Research and Innovation) Early Career Research
Conference on “Path - breaking Innovation. Understanding, Managing and Providing
Support for Continuous Radical Change in Science and Innovation, June 28, 2012,
Milano, Italy (Invited Speech)47

Nagaoka, Sadao, “Ownership Structure of Vertical Research Collaboration: Empirical
Analysis from an Incomplete Contract Perspective,” presented at the Fifth Annual
Conference on Entrepreneurship and Innovation: U.S. Patent and Trademark OfficeEwing Marion Kauffman Foundation Conference on Intellectual Property andInnovation, June 14 and 15, 2012, Illinois, U.S.
(In Japanese)
Nagaoka, Sadao and Junichi Nishimura, “Science Sources and Market Performanceof the Drugs Launched in Japan,” presented at the Incentives and Knowledge
for Pharmaceutical Innovation: Industry-University-Government Collaborative
Workshop, September 26, 2013, Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Economic Impact of Standards on Innovation,” presented at theInstitute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, March 21, 2013,
Gifu (Keynote Speech)
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Science Sources of Breakthrough/Innovative Drugs,” presented at
the Symposium of University-industry-government Collaborative Research on
Innovation Process: Findings from the Semiconductor and Bio/pharmaceuticalIndustries, March 15, 2013, Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Sources of Seeds and Needs and Their Matching for University
and Industry Collaborations,” presented at Annual General Meeting of Zenkoku
Coordinate Katsudō Newtork, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science andTechnology, the Japan Industrial Location Center, March 14, 2013, Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Understanding Innovation Process: Implications for Policy,” presented
at the SciREX International Symposium 2012 “Past, Present and Future of Science,
Technology and Innovation Policy Research,” December 14, 2012, Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Does the Current Employee Invention Rule Promote Innovation?,”presented at Cross Industry Forum on Employee Invention Rule, Keidanren, JapanIntellectual Property Association, Japan Electronics and Information Technology
Industries Association and Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association,
December 11, 2012, Tokyo (Keynote Speech)
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Lessons from Break-through Drugs in Japan,” presented at First Sentan
Shakai Symposium, Riken, October 3, 2012, Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Enforcing Patent Protections for Standard Essential Patents,” presented
at a Symposium on the Enforcement of Standard Essential Patent Rights, Institute ofIntellectual Property, August 2, 2012, Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Discovery Process in Science: Findings from US-Japan Scientists
Survey,” presented at the 2012 Spring Meeting of Japan Association for Applied
Economics, June 9, 2012, Fukuoka (Invited Speech)48

Makoto Nirei■ Education
2002
1996
1994

Ph.D. (Economics), University of Chicago
M.A. (Economics), The University of Tokyo
B.A. (Economics), The University of Tokyo■ Professional Positions
2008~ Associate Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
2006 Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Carleton University (~2008)
2004 Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Utah State University (~2006)
2001 Postdoctoral Fellow, Santa Fe Institute (~2004)■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books
Nirei, Makoto, “An Interaction-based Foundation of Aggregate Investment Fluctuations,”
Theoretical Economics, forthcoming
Mizuno, Takayuki, Makoto Nirei and Tsutomu Watanabe, “A Stochastic Model for
Order Book Dynamics in Online Product Markets,” Evolutionary and Institutional
Economic Review, Vol. 10, No. 1, September 2013, pp. 93-105(In Japanese)
Nirei, Makoto, “SciSIP and Economic Theory: A Survey,” Kenkyū Gijutsu Keikaku (The
Journal of Science Policy and Research Management), Vol. 27, No. 3, April 2013,
pp. 156-170
1.2. Others(In Japanese)
Nirei, Makoto, “On the Concentration of Wealth and Economic Growth,” Economist(Mainichi Weekly Economist), No. 12/23, December 2013, pp. 29-31
Nirei, Makoto, “Beauty Contests and Fat Tails,” Nikkei Business Online, May 1, 2012
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Nirei, Makoto and Shuhei Aoki, “Pareto Distribution of Income in Neoclassical Growth
Models,” Social Science Research Network (SSRN) Working Paper, http://ssrn.com/
abstract=2436858, May 2014
Aoki, Shuhei and Makoto Nirei, “Zipf’s Law, Pareto’s Law, and the Evolution of Top
Incomes in the U.S.,” Tokyo Center for Economic Research Working Paper No.
E-74, April 201449

Nirei, Makoto, Sanjib Sarker and Kazufumi Yamana, “Time-Varying Employment Risks,
Consumption Composition, and Fiscal Policy,” SSRN Working Paper, http://ssrn.
com/abstract=2340367, July 2013
Nirei, Makoto, “Beauty Contests and Fat Tails in Financial Markets,” SSRN Working
Paper, http://ssrn.com/abstract=2362341, June 2013
Murayama, Kota, Makoto Nirei and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Management of Science,
Serendipity, and Research Performance: Evidence from Scientists’ Survey,” IIR
Working Paper WP#13-13, May 2013
(In Japanese)
Mizuno, Takayuki, Makoto Nirei and Tsutomu Watanabe, “An Agent-based Model of
Online Markets for Goods,” Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Collaboration
Report 292, 2013, pp. 48-57
2.2. Research Reports(In Japanese)
Akaike, Shinichi, Yaichi Aoshima and Makoto Nirei “Innovation Research andPolicy Formation,” Trial Researches for the “Science for RE-designing Science,
Technology and Innovation Policy” Program, National Graduate Institute for Policy
Studies, March 2014, pp. 275-291
Nirei, Makoto (Principal Investigator), Koki Oikawa, Shuhei Aoki, Tetsushi Murao,
Shinichi Akaike and Kensuke Miyazawa, “An Investigation on Macroeconomic
Evaluation Systems for Science, Technology, and Innovation Policies,” project
report submitted to Japan Science and Technology Agency, October 2012
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Nirei, Makoto, “Interaction-based Foundation of Aggregate Investment Fluctuations,”
presented at the Macroeconomics Workshop, March 17, 2014, Osaka
Nirei, Makoto, “Interaction-based Foundation of Aggregate Investment Fluctuations,”
presented at the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, January 29, 2014,
Tokyo
Nirei, Makoto, “Interaction-based Foundation of Aggregate Investment Fluctuations,”
presented at Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University,
January 23, 2014, Kyoto
Carvalho, Vasco M., Makoto Nirei and Yukiko Umeno Saito, “Supply Chain Disruptions:
Evidence from Great East Japan Earthquake,” presented at the American Economic
Association Annual Meetings, January 5, 2014, Philadelphia, U.S.
Nirei, Makoto, Julián Caballero, and Vladyslav Sushko, “Shock Propagation via Banks’Syndicated Interconnectedness,” presented at the Fourth Asia Pacific Innovation
Conference, December 6, 2013, Taipei, Taiwan

50Nirei, Makoto, “Interaction-based Foundation of Aggregate Investment Fluctuations,”
presented at Department of Economics, National University of Singapore, September
26, 2013, Singapore
Nirei, Makoto, “Interaction-based Foundation of Aggregate Investment Shocks,”
presented at the 2013 Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Dynamics, June29, 2013, Seoul, Korea
Nirei, Makoto, Julián Caballero and Vladyslav Sushko, “Syndicated Lending and
the Propagation of Financial Shocks,” presented at the Workshop on Network
Approaches to Interbank Markets, hosted by the University Jaume I of Castellon,
the University of Kiel, and the Kiel Institute for the World Economy, May 30, 2013,
Castellon, Spain
Nirei, Makoto, “Banks’ Syndicated Interconnectedness and Global Shock Propagation,”presented at the Bank for International Settlements, April 2, 2013, Basel,
Switzerland
Nirei, Makoto, “Interaction-based Foundation of Aggregate Investment Shocks,”
presented at the CREI (Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional), March 25,
2013, Barcelona, Spain
Nirei, Makoto, “Stochastic Herding in Financial Markets: Evidence from Institutional
Investor Equity Portfolios,” presented at Japan Society of Monetary Economics,
Kanto regional meeting, February 2, 2013, Tokyo
Nirei, Makoto, “Interaction-based Foundation of Aggregate Investment Shocks,”
presented at the 14th Macroeconomics Conference, December 9, 2012, Osaka
Nirei, Makoto, “Stochastic Herding by Institutional Investment Managers,” presented at
the Spring Meeting of the Japanese Economic Association, June 23, 2012, Hokkaido
Nirei, Makoto, “Autonomous Fluctuations of Investment and Business Cycles,” presented
at the Macroeconomics Workshop, June 21, 2012, Tokyo51

Toshihiro Nishiguchi■ Education
1990
1981
1977

D.Phil. (Sociology), University of Oxford
M.Sc., Imperial College, University of London
B.A., Waseda University■ Professional Positions
2012

Fulbright Visiting Scholar, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Sloan
School of Management (~2013)

2008~ Senior Research Fellow, Policy Research Institute, Ministry of Finance2007 Part-time Director, Defense Procurement Structure Improvement Foundation(~2012)
2004 Fall; 2005 Summer
Visiting Scholar, Center for International Studies, Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology
2002 Summer; 2003 Summer
Visiting Senior Research Scholar, School of Public Affairs, Center for Public
Policy and Private Enterprise, University of Maryland
2001 Summer
Academic Visitor, The Judge Institute of Management, University of Cambridge
1997~ Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1994 Associate Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University
1991 Assistant Professor, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania
1990~ Post-Doctoral Fellow, INSEAD (European Institute of Business Administration)
1986 Research Fellow, International Motor Vehicle Program, Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology (~1989)■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Others(In Japanese)
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “Wenzhou Entrepreneurs’ Way to Success: Making the Mostof Their Networks and Social Capital,” Sekai Keizai Hyōron (World Economic
Review), Association for World Economic Studies, Vol. 58, No. 2, March 2014, pp.
17-21
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “How to Make Your Organization Fresher,” Kakehashi, Industrial
Employment Stabilization Center of Japan, May 2012, pp. 4-8

52

2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro and Motoko Tsujita, “Making Global Neighborhoods Work: The
Analysis of China’s Wenzhou Entrepreneurial Community,” IIR Working Paper
WP#13-26, March 2014
(In Japanese)
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro and Motoko Tsujita, “Wenzhou Entrepreneurs’ Community: Their
Networks and Social Capital,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-28, March 2014
Jiang, Hong Xiang, Toshihiro Nishiguchi and Motoko Tsujita, “A Study of Wenzhou
Financial Reforms after the Credit Crunch: Towards the Legalization of Informal
Lending,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-27, March 2014
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro and Motoko Tsujita, “Wenzhounese Entrepreneurs’ Network
Strategy and Community,” IIR Working Paper WP#13-09, March 2012

3.Conference Papers, Presentations
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “Making Global Neighborhoods Work: The Analysis of
China’s Wenzhou Entrepreneurial Community,” The TIES (TechnologicalInnovation, Entrepreneurship and Strategic Management) Seminar, April 22, 2013,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, U.S.
(In Japanese)
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “The Analysis of the Transnational Networks of China’s Wenzhou
Businesspeople: How to Connect the Region and the World and Prosper,” presented
at the 2014 Annual Meeting of the Academic Association for Organizational Science,
November 9, 2013, Hiroshima (Invited Speech)
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “Global Prosperity from Local Networks: The Advancementand Limitations of China’s Wenzhou Entrepreneurs,” presented at the 20th Annual
Conference of JAIBS (the Japan Academy of International Business Studies),
October 27, 2013, Osaka

53

Kentaro Nobeoka■ Education
2001
1993
1988
1981

Ph.D. (Business Administration), Kobe University
Ph.D. (Business Administration), Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology
M.B.A., Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
B.S. (Engineering), Osaka University■ Professional Positions
2012~ Director, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
2008~ Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1999 Professor, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe
University (~2008)
1994 Associate Professor, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration,
Kobe University (~1999)
1981 Mazda Motor Corporation (~1989)■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books
Takeda, Yoko, Yaichi Aoshima and Kentaro Nobeoka, “The Importance of Technology
Integration Capabilities: Evaluating the Impact on 3D Technologies on ProductDevelopment Performance in Japan and China,” International Journal of ProductDevelopment, Vol. 16, No. 1, August 2012, pp. 26-44(In Japanese)
Nobeoka, Kentaro and Yasunari Takasugi, “Authentic Customer Value of Industrial
Products: Management of Solution Value Creation,” Hitotsubashi Business Review,Vol. 61, No. 4, March 2014, pp. 16-29
Nobeoka, Kentaro, Kei Kuriki and Fujii Makoto, “Business Case / Sysmex Corporation:
Global Leadership through Customer Value Orientation,” Hitotsubashi Business
Review, Vol. 6, No. 4, March 2014, pp. 106-121
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Reorganization toward Multi-Project Management in New ProductDevelopment,” in Herstatt, Cornelius, Christoph Stockstorm, Hugo Tschirky, andAkio Nagahira, eds., Management of Technology and Innovation in Japan, Tokyo:
Dōyūkan, June 2013, pp. 235-270
Karube, Masaru and Kentaro Nobeoka, “Scale and Complexity: Barriers to Value
Creation,” Frontier of Japanese Business Studies 9, Center of Japanese BusinessStudies, Hitotsubashi University, ed., Tokyo: Yuhikaku, March 2013, pp.14-26
Okamura, Yuta and Kentaro Nobeoka, “Business Case / KURARAY CO., LTD.: Creationof Customer Value through Organizational Integration,” Hitotsubashi Business
Review, Vol. 60, No. 4, March 2013, pp. 134-147

54

Nobeoka, Kentaro and Masaru Karube, “Difficulties in Creating Value at Japanese Firms
Due to Managerial Complexity,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 3,
December 2012, pp. 84-96
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Strategies of Japanese Manufacturing Firms and Required Human
Resources,” Hinshitsu, Nihon Hinshitsu Gakkai (The Japanese Society for Quality
Control), Vol. 42, No. 2, April 2012, pp. 212-218

1.2. Others(In Japanese)
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Value Creation through Product and Technology Development,”
Sanseiken Forum, the Institute for Industrial Relation and Labor Policy, Chubu, No.
98, pp. 12-17, 2013
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Theory of Value Creation Management,” Management Trend, Vol.
17, No. 2, September 2012, pp. 2-15
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Value Creation for Customer Satisfaction,” Keizai Kyōshitsu:
Revitalization of Manufacturing Industry (1), Nihon Keizai Shimbun, May 28, 2012,
p. 17
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Human Resources for Revitalization of Japanese Manufacturing
Firms,” Hinshitsu, Nihon Hinshitsu Kanri Gakkai (The Japanese Society for Quality
Control), Vol. 42, No. 2, April 2012, pp. 212-218
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Research Report
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Presentation Note: Problems in Value Creation in Japanese
Manufacturing Firms,” Report for “Seminar for Structural Changes in Trade Balance
and Japanese Economy”, Policy Research Institute of the Ministry of Finance, June2013
3. Conference Papers, Presentations(In Japanese)
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Value Creation in Electronics Industries,” presented at LSI Systems
Workshop, the IEICE Electronics Society Technical Committee on Integrated
Circuits and Devices, 13 May, 2013, Fukuoka

55

Joel Malen■ Education
2013
2006
1999

Ph.D. (Business Administration), University of Minnesota-Carlson School ofManagement
M.A. (International Relations), Johns Hopkins University
B.A. (Economics), University of Rochester■ Professional Positions
2013~ Assistant Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
2006 Business and Policy Research Associate, Itochu International Inc., Washington, DC(~2008)■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books
Marcus, Alfred, Joel Malen and Shmuel Ellis, “The Promise and Pitfalls of Venture
Capital as an Asset Class for Clean Energy Investment: Research Questions for
Organization and Natural Environment Scholars,” Organization and Environment,(referee reading), Vol. 26, No. 1, March 2013, pp. 31-60
2. Conference Papers, Presentations
Malen, Joel, “Country- and Firm-Level Determinants of Legal Internationalization by
Emerging-Market Firms,” presented at the Mitsubishi UFJ Foundation International
Conference, August 30, 2014, Kanagawa
Malen, Joel, “Organizational Slack, National Corporate Governance Institutions and Firm
Innovation Efforts around the World,” presented at Academy of Management Annual
Meeting, August 5, 2014, Philadelphia, USA
Malen, Joel, “Organizational Slack, National Corporate Governance Institutions and Firm
Innovation Efforts around the World,” presented at Society for Advancement of
Socio-Economics Annual Conference, July 10, 2014, Chicago, USA
Malen, Joel, “Multinational Firms in a World of Multi-national Renewable Energy Policy:
Effects on Clean Energy Technology Development,” presented at IIR Summer
School 2013, August 26, 2013, Tokyo

56

Hiroshi Shimizu■ Education
2007
2002
1999
1997

Ph.D. (Economic History), London School of Economics and Political Science,
University of London
M.A. (History), Northwestern University
M.A. (Commerce), Hitotsubashi University
B.A. (Commerce), Chuo University■ Professional Positions
2011~ Associate Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
2008
2007

Assistant Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Technology Management, Eindhoven
University of Technology■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books
Fontana, Roberto, Alessandro Nuvolari, Hiroshi Shimizu and Andrea Vezzulli,“Reassessing Patent Propensity: Evidence from a Dataset of R&D Awards, 19772004,” Research Policy, Vol. 42, No. 10, December 2013, pp. 1780-1792
Nicholas, Tom and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Intermediary Functions and the Market for
Innovation in Meiji and Taisho Japan,” Business History Review, Vol. 87 (Spring),
May 2013, pp. 121-149
Fontana, Roberto, Alessandro Nuvolari, Hiroshi Shimizu and Andrea Vezzulli,“Schumpeterian Patterns of Innovation and the Sources of Breakthrough Inventions:
Evidence from a Data-set of R&D Awards,” Journal of Evolutionary Economics,
Vol. 22, No. 4, September 2012, pp. 785-810
Yaichi Aoshima and Hiroshi Shimizu, “A Pitfall of Environmental Policy: An Analysis of‘Eco-point Program’ in Japan and its Application to the Renewable Energy Policy,”
International Journal of Global Business and Competitiveness, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2012,
pp. 1-13(In Japanese)
Maruyama, Yasuaki and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Business Case / Sumitomo Electric Industries,
Ltd. GaN Substrate for Violet Laser Diodes,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 61,
No. 2, September 2013, pp. 116-128
Shimizu, Hiroshi, “Business History,” in Beginner’s Guide to Management Studies,Tokyo: Toyo Keizai, May 2013, pp. 174-191
Shimizu, Hiroshi and Yaichi Aoshima, “Business Management Perspectives in Science,
Technology and Innovation Policy,” Kenkyū Gijyutsu Keikaku (The Journal of
Science Policy and Research Management), Vol. 27, No. 3/4, April 2013, pp. 183196

57

Shimizu, Hiroshi and Yusuke Hoshino, “Open Innovation Management: Exploration for
New Combination and Knowledge Management,” Hitotsubashi Business Review,Vol. 60, No. 2, September 2012, pp. 28-41
1.2. Others(In Japanese)
Yonekura, Seiichiro and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Innovation Management in Global
Competition (1)〜(16),” Keizaikai, October 2012~March 2014
Shimizu, Hiroshi, “What is Innovation,” Economist (Mainichi Weekly Economist), Vol.
92, No. 14, March 2014, pp. 42-43
Shimizu, Hiroshi, “History of Innovation,” Gekkan Kansayaku, Japan Audit &Supervisory Board Members Association, Vol. 2, No. 624, February 2014, pp. 26-37
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Shimizu, Hiroshi and Naohiko Wakutsu, “Entrepreneurial Spin-Outs and Vanishing
Technological Trajectory: Laser Diodes in the U.S. and Japan,” IIR Working Paper
WP#13-21, January 2014
Murayama, Kota, Makoto Nirei and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Management of Science,
Serendipity, and Research Performance: Evidence from Scientists’ Survey,” IIR
Working Paper WP#13-13, May 2013
(In Japanese)
Hoshino, Yusuke and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Dyneema: DSM-Toyobo Collaboration,” IIR
Case Study CASE#12-02, June 2012
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Shimizu, Hiroshi, “Exploration Needs Stable Shareholders? Ownership Structure andR&D Strategy: The Case of the Electronics, Steel and Iron, and PharmaceuticalIndustries in Japan,” presented at Business History Conference Annual Meeting,March 13-15, 2014, Frankfurt, Germany
Shimizu, Hiroshi and Yasushi Hara, “Do Doctoral Degree and Prior Publication
Matter? How Do They Vary across Countries? Science-Linkage and Technological
Development in Laser Diodes,” presented at the Fourth Asia Pacific Innovation
Conference, December 7, 2013, Taipei, Taiwan
Shimizu, Hiroshi and Yusuke Hoshino, “Does Collaboration Accelerate R&D? Evidence
from a Data Set of the Okochi Prizes,” presented at the Third Asia Pacific Innovation
Conference, October 13 and 14, 2012, Seoul, Korea
Murayama, Kota, Makoto Nirei and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Management of Science,
Serendipity, and Research Performance: Evidence from Scientists’ Survey in the US
and Japan,” presented at the Third Asia Pacific Innovation Conference, October 13
and 14, 2012, Seoul, Korea

58

Murayama, Kota, Makoto Nirei and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Management of Science,
Serendipity, and Research Performance: Evidence from Scientists’ Survey in the US
and Japan,” presented at the 13th International Schumpeter Society Conference, July4, 2012, Brisbane, Australia

59

Seiichiro Yonekura■ Education
1990
1981
1979
1977

Ph.D. (History), Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
M.A. (Japanese Business History), Graduate School of Social Sciences,
Hitotsubashi University
B.A. (Japanese Economic History), Faculty of Economics, Hitotsubashi
University
B.A. (Japanese History), Faculty of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University■ Professional Positions
2012~ Academic Director, Center for Japanese Studies, Gordon Institute of Business
Science, University of Pretoria (South Africa)
2008 Director, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University(~March 2012)2004 Spring
Visiting Professor, Institute du Management Bouygues, HEC (France)
2003 Co-president, Institute of Strategy, Sony Corporation (~2004)
2003 Spring
Visiting Professor, Institute du Management Bouygues, HEC (France)
2001 Fall
J.A. Valentine Visiting Professor, Department of Marketing, University of Otago(New Zealand)
1999 Director, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University (~2001)
1997~ Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1995 Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University
1992 Core Faculty of Global Leadership Program at the University of Michigan(An Executive Program for Action Learning) (~1995)
1988 Associate Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University
1984 Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University
1982 Senior Research Assistant, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books(In Japanese)
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Entrepreneurship in Business Community: Banjo Otsuka and the
Postwar Japanese Management Perspective,” in Matao Miyamoto, Tadao Kagono
and Kigyoka Foramu eds., Kigyōkagaku no Susume (Studies in Entrepreneurship:
Theories and Cases), Tokyo: Yuhikaku, July 2014, pp. 304-325
Yonekura, Seiichiro and Kim Seongmi, “Business Case / Coca Cola, Japan Peak-shift
Vending Machine: The Energy Crisis after 3.11 and Coca Cola, Japan,” Hitotsubashi
Business Review, Vol. 61, No. 4, March 2014, pp. 122-134
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “The Dynamics of Japanese Government and Firms: A Soft
Aspect of Industrial Policies: An Empirical Study on the Impacts of Kishinhō(The Temporary Measures for the Promotion of the Machinery and Machine Tool
Industries),” in Odaka, Konosuke and Shigeru Matsushima, eds.,
60

Maboroshi no Seisaku Kishinho, Chapter 5, Tokyo: Nihon Keizai Shimbun, October
2013, pp. 127-160
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Business-Labor Perspective of Keizai Doyukai and Postwar Reconstruction,” Kigyoka Kenkyū (Entrepreneurial Studies), Forum for
Entrepreneurial Studies, No. 10, September 2013, pp. 38-44
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Logic behind Open Innovation: Technology, Market andOrganization,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, September 2012, pp.
6-15
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Innovation after 3.11: Nuclear Withdrawal and Energy
Conservation Technology,” Doboku Gijyutsu (Civil Engineering), Vol. 67, No. 7,
July 2012, pp. 10-14
1.2. Others
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Social Business and Japan’s Future,” Itochu Monthly, September
2013, p. 10(In Japanese)
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Elon Musk,” Britannica International Yearbook 2014, April 2014,
pp. 82-83
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Izumo, Mitsuru,” Britannica International Yearbook 2014, April
2014, pp. 58-59
Yonekura, Seiichiro and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Innovation Management in Global
Competition (1) ~ (16),” Keizaikai, October 2012-March 2014
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Christophe Weber,” Nikkei Business, January 6, 2014, p. 98(Book Review)A n c h o r d o g u y, M a r i e , R e p ro g r a m m i n g J a p a n : T h e H i g h - t e c h C r i s i s u n d e rCommunitarian Capitalism / Shūkan Dokushojin, July 6, 2012, p. 4
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Paper
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “The Samurai Company: Double Creative Response in Meiji Japan-The Case of Onoda Cement,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-08, May 2012
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Innovation in Japan,” presented at Kumamoto University,
November 22, 2013, Kumamoto
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Green and Medical Tourism as Innovation,” presented at FACP
(Federation for Asian Cultural Promotion) 31st Annual Conference, November 17,
2013, Chiang Mai, Thailand

61

Yonekura, Seiichiro, “A New Trend of Incubating Startups in Japan,” presented at
Comparative Models for Fostering Entrepreneurship and Innovation Conference,
hosted by Academy for Global Leadership, Tokyo Institute of Technology and ICS
Hitotsubashi University, March 29, 2013, Tokyo
Reinmoeller, Patrick and Seiichiro Yonekura, “Navigating Institutions in South Africa:
The Lessons Japanese Firms Learned,” presented at the Academy of Management
Africa Conference, January 10, 2013, Pretoria, South Africa
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Toward a Strategic Business Partnership between Japan & South
Africa,” presented at JETRO & CJS (GIBS), November 5, 2012, Pretoria, South
AfricaYonekura, Seiichiro, “Innovation in Japan,” presented at the 2nd Asian Research Policy
Symposium ‘Asian Model of Innovation: Past, Present & Future’, August 30, 2012,
Seoul, Korea
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Entrepreneurship in Japan,” presented at HPAIR (Harvard Projectfor Asian and International Relations) Asia Conference 2012, August 24-28, 2012,
Taiwan (Keynote Speech)(In Japanese)
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Innovation and Entrepreneurship,” presented at the 5th
Entrepreneurship Symposium, Chiba University, March 7, 2014, Chiba
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Emergent Destruction,” Nikkei BP Seminar, September 27, 2013,
Tokyo
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Emergent Destruction: Innovation and Paradigm Change,”presented at JEITA 2013 Gijyutsu Seminar, organized by Japan Electronics andInformation Technology Industries Association, September 13, 2013, Osaka
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Innovation in Japan,” presented at the 2nd Asian Research Policy
Symposium ‘Asian Model of Innovation: Past, Present &Futute’, August 30, 2013,
Seoul, Korea
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Emergent Destruction: Innovation and Paradigm Change,”presented at LSI Systems Workshop, the IEICE Electronics Society TechnicalCommittee on Integrated Circuits and Devices, May 13, 2013, Fukuoka
Reinmoeller, Patrick and Seiichiro Yonekura, “Navigating Institutions in South Africa:
The Lessons Japanese Firms Learned,” presented at Academy of Management Africa
Conference, January 10, 2013, Johannesburg, South Africa
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Emergent Destruction: A Vision for the Recovery from the 3.11
Earthquake and Innovation,” IT Coordinators Association, August 23, 2013, Tokyo
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Innovation to Revitalize Japan,” presented at magicc Symposium,
IIR and Funding Program for Next Generation World-Leading Researchers (NEXT
Program), March 14 &15, 2013, Tokyo

62

Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Toward a Strategic Business Partnership between Japan & South
Africa,” presented at JETRO & CJS (GIBS) Conference, November 5, 2012,
Johannesburg, South Africa
Yonekura, Seiiciro, “Enhancing Japan’s Competitiveness: From the Perspective ofManagement and History,” the 27th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Science
Policy and Research Management, October 27, 2012, Hitotsubashi University
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Japanese Business Development: Past and Future,” Aramco Asia
Business Cultural Program, September 29, 2012, Tokyo
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Entrepreneurship in Japan,” HPAIR (Harvard Project for Asian andInternational Relations) Asia Conference 2012, August 24-28, 2012, Tainan, Taiwan

63

II. Researchers

3. International Visiting Researchers ̶ Apr. 2012~ Mar. 2014
Israel Drori
Professor, School of Business, College of Management Academic Studies, Israel
September 2, 2013 - November 30, 2013Mark Schankerman
Professor, London School of Economics
June 21, 2013 - September 28, 2013

Keun Lee
Professor, Seoul National University
March 1, 2013 - June 28, 2013
Dai Xiaofu
Associate Professor, Fudan University Center for Japanese Studies
September 10, 2012 - March 8, 201364

III. Education

65III. Education

1. Courses Given by the IIR Faculty Members ̶ Apr. 2012 ~ Mar. 2014
Fiscal Year
2012

2013

Aoshima
Nobeoka
Nishiguchi

KarubeNobeoka

Graduate School of Commerce and Management
Masterʼs and Doctoral Program[Courses provided by the Innovation kozas]

Advanced Innovation Management
Innovation, Strategy and Organization
Interorganizational Relations
Network Organization
Innovation, Policy and Institution
Economic Analysis of Innovation
Innovation and Human Resource Development
Special Lecture: International Comparison of Innovation 1
Special Lecture: International Comparison of Innovation 2

Nishiguchi
AkaikeNagaoka
Chuma
Nagaoka/Lee/
Schankerman
Yonekura/Aoshima Yonekura/Aoshima
AkaikeNagaoka
Chuma[Courses provided by the Business Economics kozas]

Advanced Industrial Economics
Advanced Organizational Economics
History of Technology and Entrepreneurship

Nirei
Nirei
Malen

MBA Program

Business Economics (Competition and Strategy)
Entrepreneurship
Corporate Organization
Technology Strategy
Strategic Analysis
Seminar: Readings in Business Classics
Special Lecture: Innovation and Modularity
Special Lecture: Innovation & Design
Workshop: Management B (Industry and Technology)
Workshop: Innovation

Nagaoka
Yonekura
Aoshima
Nobeoka
KarubeShimizu
Chuma

Nagaoka
Yonekura
Aoshima
Nobeoka
KarubeChuma
Nagaoka
Nobeoka/Aoshima

Senior Executive Program

Karube/Nobeoka

Nobeoka/Aoshima

Undergraduate Program in the Faculty of Commerce and Management

Innovation Management
Interactive Course on Business Basics (Management)
Special Topics in Commerce and Management 1
Production and Operation Management
Proseminar (Intensive Readings)
Special Lecture: Firm and Market in EU
Undergraduate Introductory Seminar I
Undergraduate Introductory Seminar II

66

Chuma/Nishiguchi Chuma/Akaike/
Yonekura
Malen
Malen
KarubeKarubeNirei/Shimizu
Nirei/Shimizu/
KarubeShimizu
Shimizu
Aoshima/Nishiguchi/Shimizu
Chuma/Yonekura

Karube/Nirei/
Shimizu
Chuma/Yonekura/
Aoshima/Nishiguchi/Nirei

Graduate School of Economics
Masterʼs and Doctoral Program

Workshop: Industry and Labor

Chuma/
Nagaoka*

Chuma/
Nagaoka*Note: * indicates a joint lecture with other faculty member(s) than those in the IIR.

67

68

IV. Research Results / Publications

69

IV. Research Results / Publications

1. Hitotsubashi Business Review ̶ Apr. 2012 ~ Mar. 2014
To publish the findings of its research activities, the IIR issues a quarterly journal, called the Hitotsubashi
Business Review (in Japanese). The rationale in editing the journal is to promote the theoretical andempirical study of innovation in a social and economic context. The editorial board comprises professors
from several universities and company advisors, as well as IIR professors.

■ Contents

Title of Special Issues
Vol.61 No.4

“Rethinking Customer Orientation: New Challenges in Practice to Create Customers”

Vol.61 No.3

“Assessment of Industry-University Collaboration in Japan: Toward New Combinations”

Vol.61 No.2

“The Future Creation Management from the Community”

Vol.61 No.1

“Frontiers of Business Economics”

Vol.60 No.4

“Cross-Border M&A”

Vol.60 No.3

“Uncovering the Real Potential of Japanese Manufacturing Industry”

Vol.60 No.2

“Impact of Open Innovation”

Vol.60 No.1

“Where Will Accounting in Japan Head for?”Featured Papers
IssueVol. / No.

Mar.
2014

Vol.61
No.4

Title“Three Strategies for Leveraging Customer
Value”

Author(s)Tadao Kagono(Special Visiting Professor, Konan University)“Authentic Customer Value of Indusrial Products: Kentaro Nobeoka / Yasunari Takasugi(Professor, IIR ; President and Director, CONManagement of Solution Value Creation”
CEPT SYNERGY Co., LTD.)“Contemporary Perspectives in Consumer Research: New Directions and Critical Issues”

Yukihiro Aoki
(Professor, Faculty of Economics, Gakushuin
University)“Dilemmas of Customer Orientation in Practice” Kei Kuriki (Professor, Graduate School ofBusiness Administration, Kobe University)

Joji Ono“Smart Excellence: Customer Management
School of Business, Department ofthrough Focalization and Value Co-creation with (Professor,
Marketing, Aoyama Gakuin University)
Customer”“Market Cultivation: A Case Study of TREE OF Mari Yoshida (Associate Professor, College of
Administration, Ritsumeikan UniLIFE Co., Ltd. Co-Creating the Herb & Aroma- Businessversity)
therapy Market in Japan”
Dec.
2013

Vol.61
No.3“Challenge of Pasteur Scientists for Innovation: A Yasunori Baba / Naohiro Shichijo / Masaru
Yarime (Professor, Research Center for AdCase of Photocatalyst?”
vanced Science and Technology, The Univer-sity of Tokyo; Science and Technology Foresight Center, National Institute of Science andTechnology Policy; Adjunct Associate Professor, The University of Tokyo)

70

Featured Papers (continued)
Issue

Vol. / No.

Dec.
2013

Vol.61
No.3

Title

Author(s)“Actemra and Remicade : Key Factors to Deter- Yasushi Hara / Yoshiyuki Ohsugi
Fellow, IIR ; Adjunct Professor,
mine First Mover Advantage in R&D Process of (Postdoctoral
IIR)
Both Antibody Drugs”“Absorptive Company: Sources of R&D Capabil- Naohiro Shichijo / Junichi Murata / Shinichi
Akaike / Atsushi Ogasawara
ity in Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.”(Senior Research Fellow, Science and Tech-

nology Foresight Center, National Institute of
Science and Technology Policy ; Research Fellow, Science and Technology Foresight Center,
National Institute of Science and Technology
Policy ; Professor, IIR ; Director, Science andTechnology Foresight Center, National Instituteof Science and Technology Policy)“Cross-Bounding Knowledge: Learning from
America’s Experience of Industry - University
Collaboration and the Change in Academic
Values”

Takahiro Ueyama(Professor, Faculty of Policy Management,
Keio University)“A Consortium - Based Approach for Open
Innovation: Exploring a Unique and Optimal
Model for Japan and Stem Cell Technology”

Shintaro Sengoku(Associate Professor, Institute for Integrated
Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University)“Process of Industry - University Co - Inventions: Shinichi Akaike / Mitsuaki Hosono(Professor, IIR ; Senior Research Fellow, SciFindings from a Large Scale Questionnaire
ence and Technology Foresight Center, NationSurvey on Industry - University Collaboration in al Institute of Science and Technology Policy)
Japan”Yoo Youngjin(Professor, Fox Business School,“Building a Next Generation Creative Urban
Temple University)
Workforce for the Digital Economy: A Case
Study of Urban Apps & Maps Studios Program”“Management by Knowledge Maneuverability: Ikujiro Nonaka / Ayano Hirose / Yoshihide
Stone)
Synthesizing Knowledge Creation and Maneuver Ishii(Victor(Emeritus Professor, Hitotsubashi University ;Warfare”
Adjunct Assistant Professor, Graduate Schoolof International Corporate Strategy, Hitotsubashi University ; Lieutenant Commander,
United States Navy)

Sep.
2013

Vol.61
No.2“The Creation Management from the Community Hiroki Hayashi(Professor, Graduate School of Social Sciences,and University Education”
Hitotsubashi University)“Diversity: A Key for Creating Active Local
Communities”

Megumi Yuki
(Professor, University Education Center,
Gunma University)“The Turmoil in Human Resource Development:
Why the Gap between the Buisinesses and Universities Happen”

Yayoi Tanaka / Shigeru Asano(Professor, National Institute for Academic
Degrees and University Evaluation ; Associate
Professor, Kobe University)“The Logic for Making Economy and Society in Kimihiko Ishikawa(Assistant Professor, School of Business‘Machi-Zukuri’ ”
Administration, Meiji University)“On Management of the Civic Associations that Michi Fukushima
Graduate School of Economics andSupport Regional Culture Creation: Two Cases of (Pofessor,
Management, Tohoku University)
Civic Music Festivals in Japan”
Jun.
2013

Vol.61
No.1“Market Design in Business, Theory and Practice”

Yosuke Yasuda(Associate Professor, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies)

Makoto Watanabe“Intermediation and Search Markets: Looking
into the Black Box, Reazons for Why Intermedia- (Research Fellow, Tinbergen Institute)tion Can Be a Profitable Business”

71Featured Papers (continued)
Issue

Vol. / No.

Jun.
2013

Vol.61
No.1

Title“Bundling”

Author(s)Makoto Hanazono(Associate Professor, Graduate School of Economics, Nagoya University)“Behavioral Economics and Industrial Organiza- Daisuke Nakajima(Associate Professor, Department of Comtion: Naive Consumers and Markets”
merce, Otaru University of Commerce)“Economics of Human Resource Management:
The Role of Promotion in Organizations”

Junichiro Ishida(Professor, Institute of Social and Economic
Research, Osaka University)“Incentive Effects of Heterogeneity in Organiza- Hideshi Itoh / Kimiyuki Morita(Professor, Graduate School of Commerce andtions”
Management, Hitotsubashi University; Ph. D.
Student, Graduate School of Commerce andManagement, Hitotsubashi University)“Theory on Innovation is a Pragmatic ‘Way ofLife’: Including the New Wave of Philosophy
into the Knowledge-Creating Theory”
Mar.
2013

Vol.60No.4

Ikujiro Nonaka(Emeritus Professor, Hitotsubashi University)“Current Outlook of Japanese Cross-Border Isao Okubo / Nobuo Sayama(Executive Director, GCA Savvian CorporaM&A”
tion; Managing Director, GCA Savvian Cor-

poration/Representative Director & Partner,
Integral Corporation/Professor, Graduate
School of International Corporate Strategy,
Hitotsubashi University)“Cross-Border M&A and Management Strategy” Tomonori Ito(Professor, Graduate School of International
Corporate Strategy, Hitotsubashi University)“Sequential M&A Achieving Sustainable Profit- Yuji Nishimura(Managing Director, Accenture Japan Ltd)
able Growth”“Practical Considerations for Cross-Border M&A” Masahiko Chino / Kenichi Takashima / Hikaru
Okada(President&COO, KPMG FAS Co.,Ltd.;
Partner, KPMG Tax Corporation ; Corporate
officer, KPMG FAS Co.,Ltd.)“Cross-Border M&A - Laws, Regulations and Hajime Tanahashi / Takayuki Kihira / Hideaki
UmetsuPractical Considerations”(Partner, Mori Hamada & Matsumoto)“Are Japanese Firms Really Not Good at Corss- Kotaro Inoue / Saori Nara / Takashi Yamasaki(Professor, Graduate School of Decision SciBorder Acquisitions?: An Empirical Study”
ence and Techonology, Tokyo Institute of Tech-

Dec.
2012

72

Vol.60No.3“Japan’s Manufacturing Sites (Monozukuri
Genba): The Darkest Hour before the Dawn?”

nology; Assistant Professor, Graduate Schoolof Decision Science and Techonology, Tokyo
Institute of Technology; Associate Professor,
Graduate School of Business Administration,
Kobe University)
Takahiro Fujimoto(Professor, Graduate School of Economics, The
University of Tokyo)“Import of Industrial Goods and Real Local
Procurement in Overseas Production of JapaneseCompanies”

Junjiro Shintaku / Kiyohiro Oki(Professor, Graduate School of Economics,
The University of Tokyo; Research Associate,
Faculty of Commerce, Kansai University)“Does the Natural Selection Mechanism Still
Work in Severe Recessions? : Lessons from theJapanese Economy in the 1990s”

Kiyohiko Nishimura / Takanobu Nakajima /Kozo Kiyota(Deputy Governor, Bank of Japan ; Professor,
Faculty of Business and Commerce, Keio University; Associate Professor, Graduate Schoolof International Social Sciences, YOKOHAMA
National University /Faculty Fellow, ResearchInstitute of Economy, Trade & Industry, IAA)

Featured Papers (continued)
Issue

Vol. / No.

Dec.
2012

Vol.60
No.3

Title“Process Investigation Tracing Upstream in
Kanebo after the Russo-Japanese War: InterProcess “Flow” Concept of Sanji Muto”

Author(s)Tetsuya Kuwahara / Hisamichi Ashida(Professor, Faculty of Economics, Fukuyama
University; Manufacturing Management Research Center, The University of Tokyo)“Growing SME Manufacturers’ Common Percep- Takao Nakazawa(President, Speciallyappointed Professor, Research Institute fortion in East Asia”
Regional Economies, Fukui Prefectural
University)“Difficulties in Creating Value at Japanese Firms Kentaro Nobeoka / Masaru Karube(Director, Professor, IIR ; Associate ProfesDue to Managerial Complexity”
sor, IIR)

Sep.
2012

Vol.60No.2“Dynamic Fractal Organizations for Promoting
Knowledge-based Transformation”

Ikujiro Nonaka / Mitsuru Kodama / Ayano
Hirose (Emeritus Professor, Hitotsubashi
University; Professor, College of Commerce,
Nihon University; Adjunct Assistant Professor, Graduate School of International Corporate Strategy, Hitotsubashi University)“Logic behind Open Innovation: Technology,
Market and Organization”

Seiichiro Yonekura(Professor, IIR)

“Open Innovation: Mechanisms and Challenges
for Success”

Akira Takeishi(Professor, Graduate School of Economics
Kyoto University)“Open Innovation Management: Exploration for Hiroshi Shimizu / Yusuke Hoshino
Professor, IIR ; Assistant ProfesNew Combination and Knowledge Management” (Associatesor, Faculty of Political Science and Economics, Musashino University)“Using Open Innovation to Leverage Japan’sStrengths”

Glenn Hoetker(Associate Professor, W.P. Carey School ofBusiness, Arizona State University)“Salaried Entrepreneurs and the Internalization of Kazuhisa Kawai (Assistant Professor, Facultyof Business Administration, Okayama Shoka
Technology Market: A Case Study on Open
University)
Innovation by Osaka Gas”

Jun.
2012

Vol.60No.1“Development and Industrialization throughCollaboration: Case of Dyneema”

Yusuke Hoshino(Assistant Professor, Facultyof Political Science and Economics, Musashino University)“New Challenges to Accounting Revolution:
Beyond the Relevance Lost”

Kunio Ito / Tetsuyuki Kagaya / Tomohiro
Suzuki (Professor, Graduate School of Commerce and Management, Hitotsubashi University; Associate Professor, Graduate Schoolof Commerce and Management, Hitotsubashi
University; Lecturer, Faculty of Business
Administration, Asia University)“Crisis and Challenges of Corporate Governance Kazuhiko Toyama (Representative Director
and CEO, The Industrial Growth Platform,in Japan”
Inc.)“Has the Convergence to the IFRS Affected
Investment Behavior?: International Evidences”

Tetsuyuki Kagaya (Associate Professor,
Graduate School of Commerce and Management, Hitotsubashi University)“The Sustainable Value Creation Based on the
Integrated Reporting”

Hajime Yasui / Yoshiyuki Kure
(Arata Institute, PricewaterhouseCoopers
Aarata)(Senior Manager, Risk Control Solution Division, PricewaterhouseCoopers Aarata )“Mandatory CSR Reporting by Companies:
Probable Choice for the Future”

Kozuma Yoshinao (Professor, Faculty of
Economics, Sophia University)73

Business Cases
Issue

Vol./No.

Mar.
2014

Vol.61
No.4

Author(s)Title

Sysmex Corporation: Global Leadership through Kentaro Nobeoka / Ken kuriki /Makoto Fujii(Professor, IIR; Professor, Graduate School
Customer Value Orientationof Business Administration, Kobe University;
Ph.D. Student, Graduate School of Business
Administration, Kobe University) )COCA-COLA (JAPAN) COMPANY, LIMITED: Seiichiro Yonekura / Seongmi Kim (Professor,
Ph.D. Student, Graduate School of
Peak-shift Vending Machine: The energy Crisis IIR;
Commerce and Management, Hitotsubashi
after 3.11 and Coca Cola, Japan
University)
Dec.
2013

Vol.61
No.3

Shiseido Co.,Ltd.: Shiseido’s Globalization Strat- Satoko Suzuki / Midori Harada (Lecturer,
Graduate School of Management, Kyoto
egy: Use of ‘Omotenashi’ Service in China
University; Graduate School of Management,
Kyoto University)

NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION: Development Yaichi Aoshima / Osamu Suzuki
IIR; Associate Professor, Instituteand Commercialization of Waste Plastic Recycle (Professor,of Business and Accounting, Professional
Process Using Coke Ovens
Graduate School, Kwansei Gakuin University)
Sep.
2013

Vol.61
No.2

Koichi Nakano / Ikutaro Enatsu / Yasuyuki
Brother Industries, LTD.: The Development of
Hatsumi / Motohiro Morisawa (Ph.D. Student,
Global Management and the Role of Human
Graduate School of Commerce and Management,
Resouces Department: How Headquarters Can
Hitotsubashi University; Associate Professor,
University Graduate School of Economics;
Assist Overseas Subsidiaries Being Autonomous? Nagoya
Ph.D. Student, Graduate School of Commerce andManagement, Hitotsubashi University; Professor,
Graduate School of Commerce and Management,
Hitotsubashi University)

Jun.
2013

Mar.
2012

Dec.
2012

Vol.61
No.1

Vol.60No.4

Vol.60No.3

Sumitomo Electric Industries: Shift in R&D andBusiness Strategies. Case of GaN Substrates for
Blue-Violet Lasers.

Yasuaki Maruyama / Hiroshi Shimizu(Graduate School of Commerce andManagement, Hitotsubashi University;
Associate Professor,IIR)

Ryohin Keikaku Co., Ltd.

Tomoyuki Shimanuki (Associate Professor,
Graduate School of Commerce andManagement, Hitotsubashi University)

The Sugamo Shinkin Bank

Emiko Tsuyuki (Professor, Chuo Graduate
School of Strategic Management)

KURARAY CO., LTD.: Creation of Customer
Value through Organizational Integration

Yuta Okamura / Kentaro Nobeoka (Master’sStudent, Graduate School of Commerceand Management, Hitotsubashi University;
Professor, IIR

FeliCa Networks, Inc.

Koichi Sakurai / Yaichi Aoshima (Master’sStudent, Graduate School of Commerceand Management, Hitotsubashi University;
Professor, IIR)

S&B Foods Inc.

Takeshi Matsui(Associate Professor, Graduate School ofCommerce and Management, Hitotsubashi
University)

Hitachi High-Technologies: CD-SEM Support- Hiroyuki Chuma
ing Critical Dimension for World Semiconductor (Professor, IIR)
Chipmakers
Sep.
2012

Vol.60No.2

AJINOMOTO: The Entry into a BOP Market
Targeting for Nutrition Improvement

Takashi Hirao / Yusuke Hoshino(Associate Professor, Tokyo Universityof Science, Suwa; Assistant Professor,
Musashino University)

A Case Study on the Commercialization of User Satoshi Horiguchi(Ph.D. Student, Graduate School of
Innovation: Kamoi Kakoshi

Business Administration, Kobe University)

74

Business Cases (continued)
IssueVol./No.

Jun.
2012

Vol.60No.1

Author(s)Title
OLYMPUS CORPORATION

Tetsuyuki Kagaya / Tomohiro Suzuki(Associate Professor, Graduate School ofCommerce and Management, Hitotsubashi
University; Lecturer, Faculty of Economics,
Asia University)

Yasuyuki Hatsumi / Seo Jeong-min
Human Resources Management by a JapaneseStudent, Graduate School of Commerce
Company: Case Study of PT Komatsu Indonesia (Ph.D.
and Management, Hitotsubashi University;
Graduate School of Commerce and Management, Hitotsubashi University;)

Columns
AuthorIssue

Vol./No.

Title

Jun. 2012Dec. 2012Vol.60 No.1Vol.60 No.3

The Story of the Accidental Innova- Kiyonori Sakakibara (Professor, Hosei
Business School of Innovation Management)
tions(4)-(6)Mar. 2013Dec. 2013

Vol.60 No.4Vol.61 No.3

Innovation in Japanese Management Susumu Ogawa(Professor, Graduate School of BusinessResearch (1)-(4)Administration, Kobe University)

Mar. 2014Vol.61 No.4

The Management is Stranger than
the Theoretical

Hideki Yoshihara (Emeritus Professor, Kobe
University)

Leaders of MOT

Interviewee

Interviewers

IssueVol./No.

Mar.
2014

Vol.61
No.4

Ikuo Maeda(General Manager, Mazda Design Division )Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima

Sep.
2013

Vol.61
No.2

Tsuyoshi Nishiwaki(Director and Fellow, ASICS Institute of Sport Science)

Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima

Jun.
2013

Vol.61
No.1

Takafumi Nishijima(President, ARM K. K.)

Kentaro Nobeoka
Hiroyuki Chuma
Yaichi Aoshima

Dec.
2012

Vol.60
No.3

Seiichiro Watanabe(CEO and Producer, Livingimage Ltd.)

Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima

Sep.
2012

Vol.60No.2

Atsuyoshi Koike(Senior Vice President, SanDisk Corporation)

Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima

75Serials
Title

Author(s)Vol.60 No.1
Vol.60 No.3
Vol.60 No.4

Introduction to Business Economics(2)-(4)

Noriyuki Yanagawa(Professor, Graduate School of Economics, The
University of Tokyo)

Vol.60 No.4
Vol.61 No.4

Porter Prize 2012
Porter Prize 2013

Emi Osono / Seiko Yamazaki(Professor, ICS, Hitotsubashi University;
Visitting Fellow, ICS,Hitotsubashi University)

Issue

Vol./No.

Jun. 2012
Dec. 2012
Mar. 2013
Mar. 2013
Mar. 2014

Commentaries on Key Words
AuthorIssue

Vol./No.

Title

Mar.
2014

Vol.61
No.4

Corporate Turnaround

Michiko Ashizawa(Associate Professor, International College ofArts and Sciencies, Division of Economics
and Business Administration, Yokohama City
University)

Dec.
2013

Vol.61
No.3

Social Marketing

Kosuke Mizukoshi(Associate Professor, Department of Business
Administration, Tokyo Metropolitan
University)

Sep.
2013

Vol.61
No.2

Global Convergence of Accounting Standard for Shigeaki Sawada(Associate Professor, Faculty of Law,
Retirement Benefits
Economics and Humanities, Kagoshima
University)

76

Jun.
2013

Vol.61
No.1

Brand Relationships

Yukihiko Kubota(Professor, Faculty of Economics, Aoyama
Gakuin University)

Mar.
2013

Vol.60No.4

Digitalization and Business Custom in the Japanese Publishing Industry

Takahiro Endo
(Research Associate, Cardiff University)

Dec.
2012

Vol.60No.3

Formula Retail Restriction in US

Bi-Matsui Taotao(Professor, Faculty of Economics, Keiai
University)

Sep.
2012

Vol.60No.2

The Exhausted Support Line

Koichi Nakagawa(Associate Professor, Graduate School of
Economics, Osaka University)

Jun.
2012

Vol.60No.1

Social Media

Hikaru Yamamoto(Associate Professor, Faculty of Economics,
Seikei University)

Management Forum
Issue

Vol./No.

Interviewee

Interviewer(s)

Mar.
2014

Vol.61
No.4

Akira Morikawa(Chief Executive Officer, LINE Corporation)

Seiichiro Yonekura

Dec.
2013

Vol.61
No.3

Tadamitsu Kishimoto(Professor, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University)

Sadao Nagaoka
Shinichi Akaike

Sep.
2013

Vol.61
No.2

Kentaro Ohyama(President, Iris Ohyama Inc.)

Seiichiro Yonekura

Jun.
2013

Vol.61
No.1

Roderick Lappin(Executive Chairman, NEC Lenovo Japan)

Seiichiro Yonekura

Mar.
2013

Vol.60No.4

Hiroo Unoura(President & CEO, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation)

Tomonori Ito

Dec.
2012

Vol.60No.3

Sir James Dyson(Dyson Limited)

Seiichiro Yonekura

Sep.
2012

Vol.60No.2

Rob van Leen
(Chief Innovation Officer, Royal DSM N. V.)

Seiichiro Yonekura

Jun.
2012

Vol.60
No.1

Yukihiro Sato
(Senior Executive Advisor, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation)

Tetsuyuki Kagawa

Reviewed Articles
Tilte

Author(s)Vol.61
No.2“Supply Chain Management for Private Brands:
The Case Study of Seven Premium”

Takuya Akikawa/Yumiko Toda
(Assistant Professor, College of Commerce,
Nihon University; Assistant Professor, Collegeof Commerce, Nihon University)

Vol.61
No.1

Satoko Suzuki“Diffusion of Innovations and Legitimization:
Lecturer, Graduate School of
The Case of ‘Jibun e no Gohoubi’ [Self-Reward] (Senior
Management, Kyoto University)
Consumption”

Issue

Vol./No.

Sep.
2013
Jun.
2013

Special Interview
IssueVol./No.

Interviewee

Interviewer(s)

Mar.
2013

Vol.60No.4

Hiroshi Kimura(Chairman of the Board, Japan Tobacco Inc.)

Nobuo Sayama

Mar.
2013

Vol.60No.4

Noriyuki Inoue(Chairman of the Board & CEO, DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, ltd.)

Nobuo Sayama

77IV. Research Results / Publications

2. Working Papers ̶ Apr. 2012 ~ Mar. 2014

.

Title

Author(s)WP#13-28 Mar. 2014 “Wenzhou Entrepreneurs’ Community: Their Networks and Social Toshihiro Nishiguchi/ Motoko Tsujita
Capital” (in Japanese)
WP#13-27 Mar. 2014 “A Study of Wenzhou Financial Reforms after the Credit Crunch:Towards the Legalization of Informal Lending” (in Japanese)

Jiang Hong Xiang/
Toshihiro Nishiguchi /Motoko Tsujita

WP#13-26 Mar. 2014 “MAKING GLOBAL NEIGHBORHOODS WORK: THE ANAL- Toshihiro Nishiguchi/ Motoko Tsujita
YSIS OF CHINA’S WENZHOU ENTREPRENEURIAL COMMUNUTY”
WP#13-25 Mar. 2014 “Methods for Quarterly and Annual Estimation of R&D Investment in JSNA” (in Japanese)

Akiyuki Tonogi /Michiyo Kitaoka /Hiroko Kobayashi

WP#13-24 Mar. 2014 “Allocation of Research Resources and Publication Productivity
in Japan: A Growth Accounting Approach”

Shuhei Aoki /Megumi Kimura

WP#13-23 Feb. 2014 “Author ordering in scientific research: evidence from scientists
survey in the US and Japan”

Sadao Nagaoka/ Hideo Owan

WP#13-22 Jan. 2014 “Methods for Quarterly and Annual Estimation of R&D Investment in JSNA” (in Japanese)

Yuji Honjo /Sadao Nagaoka /Kenta Nakamura /Yumi Shimizu

WP#13-21 Jan. 2014 “Entrepreneurial Spin-Outs and Vanishing Technological Trajectory: Laser Diodes in the U.S. and Japan”

Hiroshi Shimizu /Naohiko Wakutsu

WP#13-20 Jan. 2014 “Turning points of postwar Advertising history in Japan Reasonsfor stagnation and crisis” (in Japanese)

Megumi Kimura

WP#13-19 Oct. 2013 “A Study on the Incorporation of Science and Technology Innova- Shinichi Akaike /tion Policy into the Macroeconomic Policy System” (in Japanese) Osamu Kayasono /Kenichi Fujita /Akiyuki Tonogi /Shinichi Hanada

WP#13-18 Oct. 2013 “Profitability of Worldwide Semiconductor Companies, -Types of Masao Nakaya
Foundation, Concentration Ratio of Product Groups, and Concentration Ratio of Application-” (in Japanese)
WP#13-16 Sep. 2013 “Patents and Cumulative Innovation:
Causal Evidence from the Courts”

Alberto Galasso /Mark Schankerman

WP#13-15 Aug. 2013 “Comparing the Productivity Impacts of Knowledge Spillovers
from Network and Arm’s Length Industries: Findings from Business Groups in Korea”

Keun LEE /Kineung CHOO /Minho Yoon

WP#13-14 Jun. 2013 “Knowledge Creation and Innovation by University-Industry
13-14-02
Collaboration: Basic findings from the large-scale survey of academic and corporate researchers” (in Japanese)

Sadao Nagaoka /Mitsuaki Hosono /Shinichi Akaike /Junichi Nishimura

WP#13-13 May 2013 “Management of Science, Serendipity, and Research Performance: Kota Murayama /Makoto Nirei /Evidence from Scientists’ Survey”
Hiroshi Shimizu

WP#13-12 May 2013 “Does the outsourcing of prior art search increase the efficiency of Isamu Yamauchi /Sadao Nagaoka
patent examination?”78

IV. Research Results / Publications

.

Title

Author(s)WP#13-11 Mar. 2013 “Photolithography”(in Japanese)

Masaomi Kameyama

WP#13-10 Mar. 2013 “Open-Sourcing in Semiconductor R&D System: Learning fromthe Case of F2” (in Japanese)

Iwao Higashikawa

WP#13-09 Mar. 2013 “Wenzhou Entrepreneurs’ Network Strategy and Community:
Their Typology by Cluster Analysis” (in Japanese)

Toshihiro Nishiguchi/ Motoko Tsujita

WP#13-08 Mar. 2013 “Wien filter as a science innovation” (in Japanese)

Katsushige Tsuno

WP#13-07 Mar. 2013 “Integrating Personal Expertise: A History of Japanese Audit
Firms, 1965-2010”

Masaru Karube /Hironori Fukukawa

WP#13-06 Mar. 2013 “Personal Knowledge of Audit Partners and Organizational
Knowledge of Audit Firms and the Impact on Audit Fees”

Hironori Fukukawa /Masaru Karube

WP#13-05 Mar. 2013 “Audit Firm Switch and Engagement Partner Continuance”

Hironori Fukukawa /Masaru Karube

WP#13-04 Mar. 2013 “Interaction-based Foundation of Aggregate Investment Shocks”

Makoto Nirei

WP#13-03 Jan. 2013 “Agenda for the Growth of Bio Startups in Japan with a Focus on Yuji Honjo /Sadao Nagaoka /Their Science Sources” (in Japanese)

Kenta Nakamura /Yumi Shimizu

WP#13-02 Jan. 2013 “Contributions of Young Scholars in Team-based Scientific Research”

Masatsura Igami /Sadao Nagaoka /John P. Walsh

WP#13-01 Jan. 2013 “Sources of Technical Progress of Note PCs: Analysis by Hedonic Takahiro Maeda /Pricing Based on Commercial Price Comparison Data,” (in Japa- Sadao Nagaoka
nese)
WP#12-13 Oct. 2012 “Collaborations for Innovations: Insights from the Experiences of Sadao Nagaoka /Manabu Eto /NEDO Consortiums” (in Japanese)

Yaichi Aoshima /Hideo Owan / Kazunari Matsushima /Junichi Nishimura /Naotoshi Tsukada

WP#12-12 Sep. 2012 “A Pitfall of Environmental Policy: An analysis of “Eco-point
Program” in Japan and its application to the renewable energy
policy”

Yaichi Aoshima /Hiroshi Shimizu

WP#12-11 Sep. 2012 “Possibilities of Geothermal Power Generation in Japan: Notes
from an Iceland Field Study”

Yaichi Aoshima /Tomono Miki

WP#12-10 Jul. 2012 “Problems of Japanese Semiconductor Industry, - Stagnation ofJapanese Semiconductor Industry in the 2000s -” (in Japanese)

Masao Nakaya

WP#12-09 Jul. 2012 “Study of the Management for Successful
R&D Projects Supported by Public Funds”

Akira Yamazaki /Kazunari Matsushima /Kenichiro Mizuno

WP#12-08 May 2012 “The Samurai Company: Double Creative Response in Meiji Japan Seiichiro Yonekura
The Case Of Onoda Cement”

79IV. Research Results / Publications

3. Case Studies ̶ Apr. 2012 ~ Mar. 2014
(In Japanese)

Title

Author(s)CASE#13-03 Aug. 2013 “Nippon Steel Corporation: Development and Commercializa- Yaichi Aoshima /tion of Waste Plastics Recycling Process Using Coke Oven” (in Osamu Suzuki
Japanese)
CASE#13-02 May. 2013 “Fujitsu: Development of New Resist Materials for ArF Excimer Tatsuya Kubota /Yaichi Aoshima /Laser Lithography That Realized the Most Advanced LSI” (inKoh Youngjae
Japanese)
CASE#13-01 Apr. 2013 “The Tokyo Electric Power Company, Inc. and NGK Insulators, Eishi FukushimaLtd. Inside Cooperative Innovation: Development and Commercialization of Sodium-Sulfur Batteries for Power Storage”
CASE#12-12 Nov. 2012 “SINTOKOGIO, LTD. : Development of Aeration Sand Filling” Masatoshi Fujiwara(in Japanese)
CASE#12-11 Oct. 2012 “CD-SEM Supporting the Miniaturization for World Semiconductor Industry: Embodying Originality and Universality a la
Hitachi” (in Japanese)

Hiroyuki Chuma

CASE#12-10 Oct. 2012 “DENSO CORPORATION・TOYOTA BOSHOKUCORPORATION : Development of 3D-formed Oil Filter” (inJapanese)

Seigo Ito

CASE#12-08 Jul. 2012 “Development of the Polyamide Composite Reverse Osmosis
Membrane and Reverse Osmosis Membrane System: A Case
Study of Toray Industries, Inc.”

Masatoshi Fujiwara/ Yaichi Aoshima /Tomono Miki

CASE#12-07 Jul. 2012 “Seiko Epson Corporation : Development of an Inkjet Printerthat Produces High-Resolution Text and Images”

Yaichi Aoshima /Makoto Kitamura

CASE#12-06 Sep. 2012 “Handsgroup:” (in Japanese)

Imafuji / Shimazu /Nagaya / Maruyama/ Mitsui / Mine

CASE#12-05 Jul. 2012 “JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation : The Development
and Commercialization of Sulfur-free Fuels” (in Japanese)

Koh Youngjae /Tomono Miki

CASE#12-04 Jul. 2012 “Shima Seiki Mfg. Ltd. : A History of Technology Management Choi Eugene
in the Case of Development of the State-of-the-Art Knitwear
Manufacturing System: From Semi-Automatic Glove Knitting
Machine (1960) to Mach 2 Series (2010)” (in Japanese)80

CASE#12-03 Jun. 2012 “Michi-no-Eki Tomiura”(in Japanese)

Sotaro Iijima /Manabu Oiwa /Koichi Sakurai /Megumi Mino /Xiāo Yíng Ai

CASE#12-02 Jun. 2012 “Dyneema : DSM-Toyobo Collaboration”(in Japanese)

Yusuke Hoshino /Hiroshi Shimizu

‘The new combinations appear discontinuously, then the phenomenon
characterising development emerges.’
Joseph A. Schumpeter
The Theory of Economic Development

Institute of Innovation Research
Hitotsubashi University
2-1 Naka, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8603, Japan
Tel: +81-(0) 425-80-8411
Fax: +81-(0) 425-80-8410
http://www.iir.hit-u.ac.jp

77

ANNUAL REPORT2004 2005