JICA Cooperation Approach for Blue Carbon Ecosystem
Conservation

Takahiro MORITA
Japan International Cooperation Agency
UNFCCC COP23 Side Event
Mangroves in the Tropics: Realizing their Potential for
Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation
13 November 2017

JICA’s Strategic Approachin Nature Conservation 2015-2020
Goal

Harmonization between Nature Conservation and Human Activities
Addressing “Climate Change”

StrategicTheme

Biodiversity
conservation
throughmanagement of
PA and its buffer
zone

Mitigation
through
REDD+

Adaptation
throughstrengthening
resilience ofecosystems,
Eco-DRRUNFCCCUNFCCC
SendaiFramework forDRR

UNCCD
UNFCCCUNCBD

UNCBD

Implementationof REDD+ in
tropicalcountries

Disaster risk
reduction byrestoring
ecosystem andits services

Supporting local
communities
through green
economypromotion

Capacity building
and community
participation for
management of
PA and buffer
zone

Relevant
IEAs

ApproachEnhancementof livelihood in
vulnerable
communities
troughsustainable
natural resourceuseMangrove Ecosystem Services and Benefits to People
Services
Carbon sequestration
Supporting service

Barrier against tsunami
and storm waves
Regulating service

Providing fisheries,
aquaculture, timber, fuelProvisioning service

Eco-tourism
Cultural service

BenefitsThreats

Climate change
mitigation-

Disaster riskreduction(Climate Change
Adaptation)

Deforestation byaquaculture andtimber logging-Degradation by overfishing-Water pollution-Erosion due to sea
level rise caused by
global warming

Enhancement oflivelihoods
Enhancement oflivelihoods

Biodiversity is associated with all the Services
and Benefits above.

Importance of Mangrove Ecosystem Conservation in Indonesia
and the Philippines for Climate Change Mitigation- Total Mangrove Area in the world: 16.5 million ha- South-East Asia: 5.1 million ha (33%): Indonesia (22.6%) and thePhilippines (1.9%) (Giri et al. 2011)- Mangrove ecosystem provides fishery resources, protecting
shoreline from tsunami and sea level rise.
- Carbon sequestration rate in mangrove is the highest among forestecosystems.
Carbon storage under ground in
mangrove is 6 – 7 times higher
than that in tropical uplandforests.
Mangrove conservation inIndonesia and the Philippines
effectively contributes to climatechange mitigation.

“Comprehensive Assessment and Conservation of Blue Carbon
Ecosystem and Their Services in the Coral Triangle” (BlueCARES)
Joint project by Philippines, Indonesia and Japan from April 2017 to March 2022
Project Goal : Establish ‘Blue Carbon Strategy’ for enhancing local efforts to conserve coastal
ecosystem for contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation.

Assessment of Blue Carbon Dynamics in Marine
Coastal Ecosystems
Multi-scale of Mapping of Blue Carbon
Satellite remote sensing for large-scale mapping

Assessment of Associated Ecosystem
Services
Fishery & Aquaculture

Eco-tourism

Airborne remote sensing: LiDAR, etc.

Fine-scale mapping
By Drone

Development of Blue Carbon Strategy
Maximize multiple ecosystem services
Carbon Stock and Flux Assessment
Import fromwatershed

Available Ecosystem Services
Over useDegraded zone
Low ecosystemservices→Rehabilitation

Export to Ocean
Carbon sink

Sustainable use zone
Max provisioning
services

Protection

Mangrove

Seagrass bed

Coral reef

Protected zone
Max carbon stock,No utilization

Carbon stock
Provisioning services (e.g. Fishery, Aquaculture, Timber)

“Comprehensive Assessment and Conservation of Blue Carbon
Ecosystem and Their Services in the Coral Triangle” (BlueCARES)
BlueCARES Candidate Project Sites
Collect basic data on carbon dynamics, associatedEcosystem services and mapping, in order todevelop Blue Carbon Strategy

Core and Network System
Regional, National and Local Network for:- Nation-wide monitoring- Implementation of Blue Carbon Strategy- Capacity building

Climate Change Mitigation
RegionalNationalLocal

MMAF(Indonesia)

UPD(IPhilippines)

Local Communities(Indonesia: 20, Philippines: 15)
Supported by Local Governments, NGOs,Private Sectors, Institutes, Universities

Blue Carbon Ecosystem Conservation

Partnership with Private Sectors
Japanese Companies conducting relevant activities in the countries
Company
AEON Environmental
Foundation
Toyota Motor
Cooperation
Nichirei Fresh Inc.
Tokyo Marine Nichido

Activity
Mangrove rehabilitation inJakarta (2011 – 2013) 63,00 trees
Living Asian Forest Project 2016collaborating with WWF
Mangrove restoration,
improvement of shrimp
aquacultureC

Mangrove plantation

I, PIIIThank you for your attention!!