lSSN O9T2て410

No．37 February 2001

昭下￣仁軋ガ耶ご照JⅣγE月〃ATJO〃A上 上A∬E E〃yJRO〃〟EⅣT CO〟〟JTTgE FOLJ〃βATJOⅣ−ForBetterLake Management
ThisNewsletterisalsoavaiIableinJapanese．

DetaiIsof9thWorldL．akesConfbrencereIeased−Callforpapersandregistration−

まBIⅥ払ⅩO HAI．L

ASR）r血ereglS廿adon蝕，血ere、刷1
Meetings ，hosted by groups ofbb仇aoned町陀glS肋tjonas
pre危cttmlassembly members．citizens．
Wellas且111day陀glS他山o†し雨tha
NGOs，universib，Studentsandbusinesses
慧皿霊0血慧Wil）be planned，Moreover，atbutive discou祀raIetbrstudents．Thereisalsoa
AnnourLCement．DetalledinfoTmation on
Sl光Clalre辞S旭rlOn PnCe for 鞄rly
technjcaltours and a visit to Lake Biwa
thereglStT7i［ionandsubmissionofpapers
reglS加工ionsforwhichonemustreglSter
雨l＝）eO唱a−一也d■P加iclpan也涙11galna
ISpl℃Vldedintheannouncement．Withthe吋Aprl130、2001・
first−hmdexpenenCeOfI＿AkeBiwaandan
Publjcationofthecircular，theorganizlng
0唱訓i刀ng COmmittee of什Ie⊥㌫

COmmittee calls fbr paperS andtmderstanding of the harmollious

reg血a【ion．

陀1atIOnShipbetweenthelakeandhumans・

session amd fivethematic oT711sessions＿

Otsu Pnnce Hotel．BodlVenueS are

Theconfヒrenceacceptsnotonlyacademic
resewchpaperS，bLItalsovideos．skitsand
1Tle prOgram Outline consists df dle The venue ofthe open］ng and cIoslng POemS for presentation・Researchers，NGOs，CitlZenS、men and women，and
CemOnies，plen町弧dBiwakosessionis
向‖owmg 00陀 00m匹nentS：Keynote
Iectures on globally deterioratlng Biwako Hall，an audlentic opera house． peOpIefromallcomersofdleWOrtdare
welcorne to express their views．All
7neoralandTX）SterSeSSionswillbeheldin什eshwater conditlOnS，plenary，Biwako
successes and魚ilu陀S Should be shared

Besides such main at什actlOnS，Self−

locatedbytheshoreofLBkeBiwa，andare among allparticipants through the

SpeC浦ctoplCSindepthwⅢbeplanned▲
Outsideoftheconf己rencevenue．avaneり
Of related rneetings called Free

llleCOnVenientl∝anOnwi11helptowards

Organizedworkshopsthataimtodiscuss W仙血walkingdistance ofone ano

IN
THIS
ISSU■E

assunngasuccessfu1conftrence．

COn危陀nCe．We hope thal Sharing

knowledgeandexpenenceswllIbui］daParhershipandreinfbrceactivitiesfortake
COnSerVatlOninthenewcentury，・BIⅦ02（氾1・EnⅥ∫Onmen由1Educa也onCourse

・ne5仇1丘ⅥngI慮esCon飴柁nα・≠ainingW軸P叩m2【伽・Govern肝E血且bu ＄Openmgad血∋盟

・甑血Sap−C血・Ⅰ．AI【EBIⅦAINTROUちLE・News・NGOW舶ロp−P柁⊥WoddLd蛇α）血n（モ・NewPllb遮（温血・Tbwa通aⅥbddLabⅥ皿On

mtRO−SHIGA2001

BusinessExhjbit10n※During，before，andafterdleCOnftrence，therewi11be鮎emeetingswhichcouncilmembers，reSidents，NGOmembers，unive
andcomparueSCanOrganize．ThesemeethgswlllbepostedondleIntemethomepageandinthemirdAnnoLmCement▲t，ration
AllpanlCipants are requested to register by completlr［gtheEntitlements

RegisけationForTnintheannouncement，alongwiththeregi血tion
たeandtosendittotheSecretariaLP釦†icIPantSmayalsot℃glSter○

1慮eBiwaVisit／「駄hnicalbu柑
0匹nhgCel℃mOny
Plen甜γ鮎ssionI

throughtheInternethomepage．Allpresentingauthorsmustbe
陀gi或erd．

TheapplicatlOnfbmcanbedowlloaded危omthehomepage．
⊂：

R曙ktlⅦtbnF恍5
FulldayRegisαadon

FulldaY One−daY

Ⅰ｝a匹rSubmissjon

0 ■こ；

d 骨

One‑day

PosterSession
Worbhops
Selfor％aJlizedWorkshops ○Regis血onClass摘cadon ByAprl130， Mayl，2001to ByOctokr
2001（E訂Iy
20，2001○○○

Plen別γSession【lRe由sbⅥtioれ）ClosingCeremony

Standa血Regis廿餌ion

StudentRate JPY14，000 JPY15，000＊ JPYl，500＊＊171eOn−Sitereg）S旭tionfeeisthesame．

TYterearetwotypeSOfregi・加虹ions，Fu11−day Regis抗癌onarId
OneLdayRegis旭日on．Studentsaqeavailableforstudentrate．

Pm邸ⅦIl
焉

○
○
○
○
○
○

Con危陀nCe加ed山野

○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○

（⊃

AbsmctExcerpts○※One−dayDaカユClpantSmaYattendDrO訂amSOIdvontheda
鈷rwhchtbevalⅥl壷d．
LakeBmⅥ5正犯1dね

bncaltolばSaユ℃nOtⅡldu

◆Cbsh◆Ca皿血rPa

CeremonDate＆Time：Fnday．November16，200115二OO−16：00＼匂nue：BiwakoHa山

9th lnternationaI Confirence on the Conservation andManagement ofLakesis acceptlng apPlications fbr session

a血dⅥbrksb

present釦iol唱．

◆SelFoGemeIⅥ】lnbrmation

Self欄rganized Workshops are open tO PartlClparItS tO discuss−AnorIgmaltextandthreephotocopies（fbLFCOPiesaltogether）
SpeCifictopicsthathavenotbeentouchedenoughinoralsessions．
mustbesubmitte
Conferencer00mSaCCOmmOd慮ngupto400r50partlC）pantSWl）1−Lmg皿ge：EnglishorJap抑eSe
beprovldedatnoch町gefbrthispurTX）Se．
−Numberofpages＝Maximumoffourpages，includinganycharts
Whenthe PTT）卵m Committee approves the workshops．all
mdphobs．
appllCamtSl涌】benotif；edoftheresults，Venue，andtlme，−Con打ibubrs，intheirpreparatjons，甜℃kindlyrequestedtobein Theworkshopsacceptedwlllbepostedor）theJnternethomepage
plain English and understar）dable to par［icipantsfrom varlOu5 andindle ThirdAnnoLmCement，
月elds．
Dafe：Trbesday．November131TlurSday．NovemtF15．20−Paperssubmittedmusttxoriginalandnotbeingconsideredぬr
19：00−22：00
presentatlOnOrPubl血tionelsewhere，
ApplicatlOnDeadljne：ThulSday，May3l，2000−Alistofreferencesshouldbeincluded．
−Paperssubmittedwillnotberehrned．
◆SidePm訂anlS−P】easeprepareyotFteXtCarefu11y・TheoriglnalpaperSWlllbe
TminingColユ一父OnNumericalModelimgofLakeandReser・VOirreproduced directly舟omthe bvesc車by a photographlC
wi11provldeb・amlngmnumericalanalysISuSingthe2−1ayern10delPrOCedureforpublication・Staywlthinthebordersofthedesigned（MOLARE2L）and3Jimensionalmodel（PAMPOLARE3D）
SPaCe・
foranalyzlngeu甘Ophicadonwltha、ベewtoincT℃鮎ingknow］edge−PaperSubmissionDeadline：PostmafkedbySaturday．MaJ℃h3l．
Of−1一正esandReservoirManagemenL
2001．
Dares：Saturday，November17＆Sunday．November182001
TypeorPr飴entation50rganiz耶：1r）ternar10nalLakeEnvironmentCorTVTlittee
01Ⅵ】Pl℃5en也ポoms
Foundat10n（rLEC），UnitedNafionsEnvlrOnrnentProgramme−rPresentersmayuseacomputer（powerpoint），椚OVerhead
PrQJeCtOrandaslideprQ］eCtOr（35mm）．

lr．temadonalEnvjronment7bchnoJogyCeれ愴「（UNEP−IETC），

一Theallotted tlrr．e fbr a pI℃SentatlOn VaneS aCCOrdingto thematerials）−TheallottedtinlelbrapresentatlOnVahesaccordingtothe LakeBiwaW）rksO頒ce−KinkiRegionaJConstnctionBur飽u−
Minis町OrCons扇don＿
SeSSion，theaveragewlllbefiReenminutesforapresentatlOnplus
Co・OTWiz耶：RCEQC−KyotoUniversity，DaJlishRoya】School
斤veminutesfbrdiscussion．
OfPhamacy．NikkenSekkejLtd，
Poster Presentations
Apane］boardtobeprovidedfbrtheposterpresentat10nWillbe Venue：lLEC／mP−IETCShigaO用ce；ComputerRoom
Fee：＄150forparticipants肯orr］advanced coumtries（includes
900mmwideby2100mmhi岳h．
SeSSion；theaveragewl11be鮒eenminutesforapresentationplus
庁veminutesfbrdiscussion．

◆Plen

肋止oHauSession I

LatLm：S．E．］？rgensen（Cha如erson ofILEC Scientific00mm血∝）eJd
NohOfp飢jcjpants：30（inctnTingthoseinvlted）
hquires：1LEC Secritaiant肘EP−IETC Shiga O昂ce（Ath．
YYAMASHIKl）
TEL：十81−77＋−5（；8■57】 mX：＋81−77−5（i84587

Keynoteadd陀SSeS：

pり0．celi・ a¶＠pohs止OW＝liaM−E

Thekeynote addresses byforeign anddomesticscientists andhttp：／血biwako2001．com
JOtmlistsarescheduledinordertohavepartlCIPantSunderstande￣mai1：workshop＠mall．ilec．orJP
ar［dsharetheoqectivesofthecon危rence．
BrVVAKOHALLMalnTheatre＿◆坤i＝ぐiニート＼やi軸‖lぐぐt：・1唱m＝

▲ここ議q

、−−、＼

．′遥∴㌶

で、。1

、 rmeOrganizingComm）tteeCanPTOVide伽ancla］assIStanCelもrPOtentialpart）CIPantS丘omdeveloplngCOunbleS．1llOSeWhowISh
toapply fbr伽ancialassistanceto attend血e9Lhlntemational
Conf≧renceontheConservatlOnandmanagementoflakesshould

SubmitapaperandneedtomakeanoraLbosterpresentatlOn，＊Suppor（Wllltx3PrOVldedRIr：◆BiwakoSession
Ⅴ氾ue：B咄Air伽e，AccomlTIOdation．ReglS咄ionfbe，TechnicaltotD（Support

Wi11bein血ucedtotheaudiencewjthasetofvisualandomL

needo用nancia）supportlDp鵬cipah：＿questionnairesuIITeyCOnductedearlierLbr血el，akeBiwa，Ytdo
RIVerreSidents．

Ofdeve］oplngCOun廿IeSandcoun扇eswidle00nOmiesin廿msition．
−aPpllC2ultSShouldmakean咄erpresentatlOn．

◆Sessionl−5

汁0卵m∞m血触ewill父Ied伽app】lC皿b．

lnfbmlatlOnOnSessionlL5isavai］ableonlastissue，Newsletter

Applicantsshouldsubmittheapplicationdocumentswithyour

VarleSfu1lorpardalaccordingtotheapplicatlOnCOntentS．paPer

TT．eBiwakoSession，OrLakeBiwaSession，StartSimmediately
and血ebudgetofthisprogram．）fol］owingtheopen］ngCeremOnyar）dkeylOteaddresses，Abroad
嚢q血l摘c加on．
OVerVleWOfissuespertain．ngtol」akeBiwaanditsmanagement−ApplicationsshouldliveindevelopmgcounbleSandhdsheishl

PreSentationsfollowedbyani−1teTudvepzuleldebatebasedona
Pleaseseeptuwebs正e（wwwbiwako2001・COTn）andcheckthelist＊seIedorI

36．

＊ApplicatlOnPr∝edu陀

papertOthesecret

Confbren（：eln鉛mationl）Financia】AssisTzulCeapPlicatlOnfbm
2）Applicant sCVApplicationDeadIine‥PostmarkedbyMarch31，200l■＊ThesecretzulatWlllmakehotelⅢTangementSandprovidedetails
O10telname，address，etC．）tothosewho訂ereCipientsof伽mcial
assistzulCeforaccomrnOdation．
＊Those＼血oneedtoobtainavisa知■entenngJapanarerequested
tosubmittheattached lnfbrnlatlOnSheetforVisa◆visaA

SecretariaL9dlIntemahonaIConfbrenceontheConservationand
M抑喝ementOfLakes，
C／oShigaPref∝turalGovernmen1
4−トIKyomachl，ObuShiga520−8577Japan・′托1：077■528−34（i6 FÅX：077−5284849
E−majl：inlb＠bjwako200l・COm◆HotelA（：COmmOdationInfbrmation
JapanrrtaveIBtueau（JTB），theo庁icjal廿avelagentwillhar．d］eall

necessary 廿avelaJmgementSincluding hotelTeSer Vations．
Su用ciem number of hotelrooms have been reserved foT・

,lication

COnftrencepartlCipantsinShigaP陀fectu陀．

Thosewhoneedtoobtainavisatbrenterlr［gJapanshouldsubmit
血eirappJICatlOnaSearlyaspossible・TTteSecretNlatWll】prepare JAPANTRAVELBUREAU，KyotoOffice
Convent101】Deparmlent
thenecessarydocuments允〉ryOurvisaapp】1CatlOninaccordarlCe
KikuokaBldg．5F、Higashi−Shioko画一Cho．Shin10gyO−ku，Kyoto
Withinformationprovidedbyyouwiththe lnfbmlatlOnSheetfbr
600−82】6JAPANVisa■■．
l七1：＋gl−75−3（iト7241 M：＋81−75−34t−1028

E−mailad陀SS：botoゼi弛＠kmjtb一00jp

llle5dlLivingLakesConference，Whichbcusedon Bio−diversityandEnvironmentalEducation ，WaSheldin
Omihachimancib／On10thofNovemberto14dl，Duringthe
COnfE：renCe，fouradditiona］candidatelakes，MahakamLakes−
Tndonesia，I．agunaFuquene−Columbia，UluabatLake−Tud（ey，andColumbiaRiverW如1andsこBrltishColumbiaCanadawere
approvedtobecome LivingLakesParblerS ，Vhththeaddit10nOf
LagunadeBayinPhilippmesandLakel−Eu aCheinMormthere
arenow161akesinthepartnership・
An 1ntematlOnalexchangeprogramfbrNGOs washeldin

KusatsuCibIOnSunday12NovemberlThiswolkshophas

Orgar）izedbval∝atNGOcalled Lakenet2001 withthesupport
OfrLEC・Lakenet2001isar）etWOrkofprlVateCitizens，COmPanies
andNGOgroups血atareinterestedinpartlCIPatlnginthenext
WorldLakeCon危renceas CitlZenS ．lntheprogram，55NGO
menlbers育omoverseas，Participatinginthe5thLivingl」akes

GovernOrKunimatsu

Conferencehe】djnOmihachimanCi伽joinedinllhwkjng

COnductedbyvoIunteermembersofJapzuleSeNGOs． Dunng
thetx）SterSeSSion．veryactivediscussionswereheldinmanysrnall
groupsfbmledbyJapar．eseandforeignNGOmembersin丘ontof
仙e匹或ers、血ichwerea由比v加ol遁1akesind徳化ntCOun雨es■

lnerewasevenaworkshopforsmauchildrenwhicI11bcusedon

enlidtteningchildrenon仙esuQ）eCtOftheenvlrOnment，Agroup
Called Mothereartheducation plannedandorgarlizedthis
interestlngWOrkshopandabout20sch00】childrenandadults
joinedin、ForthosewlthInternetaccess．youcanseemore
infomadonatthefbtlo＼珊IgWebsite：
http：／／w．ses．usp，aCjpaOOlbiwa．／

TTle Opening address，WhicllWaS glVer）by Mr，Yoshi山gu
Kunjmatsu，GovemorofShigaprefbcture，ar［dremarks ofMTr
BrianWlliarrbinthepanel、in5thLivingLakesConfE：renCeare
P餌11yphnt由bere．

sopeningaddmss¶1ankyouverymuchforthekindinbduction．Ladies becameasloganinthesecondWorldWaterForum．1lleWOrds
Clearly representtheimportance ofeveryperSOn s attitude to
mywNITIWekmetoyouandto山e5血MeethgofLivhghes， COntemPlatewaterissues．andTthlnkdleyareWOrdsthatNGOs
TnemeenngisbeinghekliTIShlgaP7e危cturewhichhasdlehrgest
aJldcitlZenSShould丘〉1low AsthesenewmovementsprogressaI
lakeinJap肌Ihlghb，reSpeCtandadmrrethecommihentof
血et㌍ginnJngOfthe21gcenhuY．theNGOsaroundthe world
NGO members halloverthe worId，Who addresslake
COnCernedwldl］akecoTuen′at］OnarefomllngnetWOrk5．ho）ding
conservadonissues
handstogether．exchanglnglocalexpenenCeSandknowledge／rhe
PresentblmanyOfthelakesintheworldare魚clng
LivingLakesconferenceisbyngtoachleVethesegoalsandIam
diverseproblemssuchasdetedordmofwaterq血ll頓bwered
COnvinceddlatthee恥rtswil］behighlyevaluatedontheg］obal
WaterteVeLanddes血ofecobgicalsystems．As毎rthe Sねge・
CO血or晦正k姐1d仇離We Sl10uu p即1翫m血elnere訂e1340、000residentsinthevicinityofLake
unsusmiubklife一叫1e ofthe20hcentury．However，lthink Biwa，andthewater伽mLakeBiwasupplies14mi11ionpeOPIe

andGentkmen，aSGovernorofShtgaPrefhktmeextend

CitlZm and NGOs who contemplate how to tacue theWlthwaterfbrhouseholduse，includingthepeoptewholiveinthe

environmentalissuesofl水eswillphyakeyroksothatwewⅢbe lowerreachessuchasKyoto，OsakazuldKobe．Thedetel10ration
曲kbr出血es∝k砂Whe陀bo血画e訓dlぬwHIc血OftheenvironmentofLakeBiwad］reCtlya能ctsthepeOPLes 1ife
OnthebasisoftheWbrldWhterⅥslOm Wh油was
inthelowerreaches；dlerefbre，theenvlrOnmentalco11SerVationis
proposed aithe conftrencein Tle Hague．theintemadonaL the most crlticalissue among adminis旭bveissues ofShiga
approachfbr血esoru血oftheprobkmsof鹿shwaterresources Prefbcture−In addit10n tOthe adminisぬtion efforts bythe
hast光enlaunched，andl仇inkthe conservatmissues ofhke govemment，eVery Citizen sc00perationisindispenSable．［amenvironment wm al凱）become an血poTtant agendainthe
greally countlng On theIT）1e of．NGOs because T thinkitis
seniuBs y画evErthWgni止M ．sdrOWel¶ margOP
importznttobuildclosepa血1erShipsbetweer）dleCitlZenSandthe

gOVemment．

InNovember200l，仇e9thworldLakesCon飴rence
wl11beheldinShigaPre危c旭e・We∬enOWatdlepre叩ation
stage・IndleCOnference，NGOsandcitizens，alongwlthscientists
andpeOple concemedwidlindusbうes ar）d governments wl11
conveneandbrhgdleirsuccessfu）andun餌CCeSSfu）expeTlenCeStO
discuss・Throu少SuChexchang？SIWeeXpeCttO伽doutdle
directlOnOfthesuitableconservatlOnfordle21豆century．Wewl））

begratefu1ifa1lofthepartlCipantsofthecon危renceforLiving
Lakeswi1】partlCIPateintheconf己rencein血eyear2001aswe11，
and扇】1preser．ttheirpreciousop】nionsthere・SpeCificinforTT．ation

aboutせIeCOnferenceisavajlab）einthe2Tdannouncementofdle9山
WorldLakesConference．

Lastly，IwouldliketoconcludemywelcomespeeCh，wishingforthesuccessfu］resultsofthemeetlngOfLivmgl」akes・

IJAXEBIWAINTROUBLE地BrianWilliams，Arti琴O
一wasaskedtospeakonurbanizatlOnandwaterregulaIion，but
a】猥，Iamnoex野山n血釦鮎Id・Theonly仇ingI即¶Ⅰ閻11y甜
exper［atislandscapePaintmglnWaterCOlor，andsomedaysIaJr．
notevengoodatthat！However，lhavel00kedatLakeBiwaina】ovingbutgenerallyunscientiBcwayfora血ost30yeaqsno、仇andforestedofalltheindusbializednations，andsinceagreatdealof
Finlandls R）reStis actuallytalga．itcouldbe saidthatJapan LS
numberoneinthisregard．BtJ［these■greendams whichreguJate

waIer resourCeSin tlmeS Ofdrought as wellas flood，renlain
impaired．asignific2ultfactorwhentherelativelysmallsizeofLa

dledismayIhavefeltatwibleSSlngthechanges，Wehavemadeto Bjwarsdrainagebasinisconsidered・thislakehasledmeto町tOfindoutwhythesechangesaret光ing

madeandwhatisbeinglosLIwamttosharesomeofwhatl−ve

fbundout，indlebeliefthatitisrelevanttothepLuTX）SeSO†−dlisconfi帽nCe．

RECLAMATTON

ReclamatlOnOfwetlandsforagnculhlraluser組11ytcK）koffaRer

thewan AshatterednationfacedwithfbdshoTbgesmovedto

increase agnculturalland wherever possible，Lake Biwa・for
Althoughonlyalx）ut200仇insizeworldwide．LBke Biwais example，uSedtobesun・Oundedbymanysemj−marShypondsand
smaIllakes．knowlaSnaiko，Theseprovidednotonlyhabitatfor
un．queinbeingoneoftheoldest】akesintheworld・hav−ngbeen
aroundinsometbrmfbrupto5mi1】ionyearsbysomeestimates・ mtgratlngbirdsbutalsohadacrucialbiofilterfunctlOnfortheheal
ofthelakeasawhole．From1944und］1971、atleast15（〕fthe
ltaIsohasoneofthesmallestdrainage脈aSOfanymq］Orlake，Only
mqornaikohavebeendrainedandreclaimedfbragncultl血1usel
aboutfivetlmeSitssurthcearea．Thismeans，amOngOtherthings，
thatthe血pactofallhumanactivib，inthebasinisfE，ltimmediately we11inexcessof2，500hectares．zLndonlyscrapsofthisTlaiko
anddirectlyinthe）akeitself・ttisalsothemainsolmOf愈eshecosystemremain・Jtisironjcthatbecause ofthecurrentnce
sL叩1us，thegovernmentnowpaysfmersNOTtogrowrlCeOr）
waterfbralmost14mi11ionpeOPlewhopTて山uceanestimated5％of
GWRzndassuchitshealthiscrucialtotheeconomyofJapan肌d roughlyonelhirdofthenation spaddy］andjn㌘㌢givenyezulBut
Prqiectsbornduringdlarera・bzuedonpollCleS
eventheworld．Ofcourse，itisalsorIChintemsofbiodiversitn

wlthmanyendemicspecies，2uldithasbeendesignatedasasite．

under血e fhar Convent10n fbr dle prOteCtion ofmlgmtOry
URBANIZÅ1「ION

waterbwt．

UrbanizatlOn．basically unregulated．hastaken overnotonlva

In any discussion ofhumanimpact on rlVer andlakeshoregreafdeaJoffh）and−butlowerelevationsofhillsidewate一頭edenvironmentsinJapan，SeVera］fhctsml遁tbekept］nmind・First．
dleaVeragerain危11inJapanisl町ge，about1800mmyead ly，and
SeCOnd，OVer80％oftheland sur臨ceisTnOunbinoしIS，Japanrs

a4mStOO，ar）dorcourseithasalso．swamped．sensidvelittoratareas
and wetlands whose water punficatlOr）function and biologlCa）
diversitywerealmosttota ydisregardedintheprccess・Housesandbusinesses．andevenmoreso，factorleSandroa血al）getbuiltcloser

average，afig∬eTnuChhigherthantha‡ofmostodlerCPunbleS・Thistellsusdlat血ehistoryofhumar）SettlementinJapanlSOneOf
卵dualbut relentless

andclosertothewaterandonlandtha（WaSOnCeWater，Ofcourse、

nvers can have amaxjmum now ofapproximatelylOO times

dlisLd）angrOW血hasbeenaccompaniedbygrowthinsewage，and．
atleastunt11recently．mostofthisha5beendischargedunueated・
As］ateas1978．on）y26％ofthecoum町andamere3％ofShiga．
was connected to sewagelines aTld b−eatment plants・FouJL
devastatingf】00dsontheTTL
Snlellingwaterwasfirstnotedin1969、anddle触t鮎shwaterlred
Broadlyspeaklng，血ougl1、uPuntilI℃ugh1ytheendofW）rldⅥねr tlde appearedinL嶽eBiwain1972．dueiTlparttOthegrowthhl
II，theimpactofsettlement．noodconR）］measures、WaSteWater
LmtI闇teddomesticwastewaterflowingIntOthelake・1n1975、
nublentS，etC．On the■water−m叩n eCOSyStemS■．i．e，Shores of 48％ofthephospha［esand33％ofthenib OgennOWingintothe
lakew戸re丘omdomestlCWaSteWater Althoudlb eatmentOf
Sb−eamS．r］VerS．POnds、1akes，andtheseashore，thoughnodceable．
WaShardlydevastatlng．Severalthctorsconvergedatthattime．
domest］CWaSteWaterisnowwellover50％，inthisareaJapanstlll
though，1eading tothelamental）1e situation we cam see today
b11ngSuPtherearamongtheindusbiaLizednafms・
eveりTWhereinJapan．Anunderstar）dingofthese抱ctorsishelpfu）
CONS771UCTION
in叩ing to understand dle radicalchanges L水e Biwa has
undergoneathumanhandsinthelasthalf−Cen叫OrSO・lnno
Timepreventsme伽mdiscussingthevNiousfhctorsrnentlOned
Particuku Order．‖istthese血：tOrSbdow
atx）Ve、butJwouJdliketocover廿Iisoneinsonledepthbecause、tO
mymind．ithashad血egreatestimpactonlJakeBiwa・Letmestart．

DEFORESTAT10N

bysayingthatJapanisperhapstheonlyindusbla）izedcountrywith

Deforestation，forlumt光r tO rebuildJapan s devastated citleS，increased theincjdence off］oding，eSpeCially durlngりphoon
SeaSOn．AndtheFores七yAgency sreforestatlOnPOlicies．favonngacabinetlevelposltionsolelyfbrconstruCtion・NotonlythaLbut
itis dle mOSt POWerfu1minis町Ofthem a）1，and politicians
COnneCtedtojt（bowrlaSkensetsuzokuor theconstruCtlOnb 1tX■）

CaPabilityofthehills didnotrecovera5且111y asitmighttlaVe
OtherwISe．TbgetherwithFin］and，JapanisdlemOSteXtenSive］y

WOTksprqiectsjustthisyearubyoneestimate．morethar）al］otherdevelopedcounbleSCOmbjned（TheGuardianWeekly．September

monocultLuTeStZndsofevergreensoverdlemOrenOrTTlalforJapanare usual1y the most7X）Werfu1TX）1itlCians，l」OCalNld natlOnal
Vanedandmostlydeciduousforestcover，meantthewaterretentlOngovernmentsinJapanwi11spendat］east＄350BILLIONonpublicthefirsltwoofwha†b諾ameSixreglOnalmasterplansfbrwater
resourcesdevelopment．Tれemasterplanfortheent耶LakeBiwa
andl奴loRiverBasin，know−aSthe fu11planrforshort，prQJeCteda
5・21％yearlymcreaseindemandforindustnaJwater，andtocope
Wlthdleincreaseintotalwaterdemand，includingthisindus廿1al
Water，itwasdeterminedthaLinadditlOntOWatera】readybeing
dralⅧfromthelake，40tons／secmoreofwater録omLakeBiwa
WOuldbereq血ed・lbputthatinperSpeCdve・it

21−27）．
？awiBe止Lhtwdnare htiwod evahsitodahW

Simplyput，agrealrnanyofthosepub】icworksprqectsdealwlth
ejther waterresotucesdevelopmentrorwlth disasterprevention
prqects．．Callsfor800dconb℃】measLUeSSuCha5dBuT［S．Check
d2mSandemb肌kments，（bowninJapaneseasChissuiKQ］ior
WaterSa危tycons仙Cdon）wereon？mq）Orfhctorinthegrow血ofan
ex仔細rdinarilypowerRllcons飢ICt10nind11S叫inpost−WarJapan
TnentherewastheJapanese economicMlraC］e ，Wlthitsresulting
growthinwaterdemand，and．morerele＼Ⅷltlyforthisdisclu；Sion， 匹OP】e・TDa∬ureSuChas岬p】yしmder山e胤1】plan−，仇el慮eprqectedgrowdlinwaterdemandibrdomestlCandindus打1aIuse．
BiwaCompT℃hensiveDevelopmentn句ect（inJapaneseBiwako
ThaIprq）eCted demand丘〉r Water tumed out to be grea11y
SogoKaihatsuKohsoor．infomally，BIWASO）wascreated，ar［ditOVereStimated naIionwide but prQJeCtS desigrLed to meetincludedprQjectsfbrdams，1akeshoreleveeamdroadconstruCtlOn，
demand匝1OWninJapaneseasRissuiKqiiorwaterutl］ization CenぬIizedtarge−SCalesewage庇ahT）entfaci】itles，agrlCultしmllaJld
COnS飢1Ction）are another n頑Or 払ctor in creatmgJapan．s
reshlCttmg，nVerreCOnSbⅦ血onlandmore．
ConsbTICdonMonsten「merewasatoneflTneandpe叫）SStillis 1netotaJcost overthe25−yearli俺ofdleprqiect（0riginal1y．seactonri止lb，StCeJQrpfOSe〕切sehtrbfdeniuegmOS
Plmnedfbrten、itwasextendedfortenmoreandthenanaddit10n5）
SuChconcerTuhavebeenlittlemorethanexcusesforumeededand
CametO2，500bi11ionyenatpresentyenvalues（OVer＄22billion）．
environmentallydes飢1Ct］VePOrkbaJTelprqjects．
TheconsbtlCtlOnindus叫COuldnthave反enhappier．Butjtisdlis
lnpassmgItisworthmerItionlngthaItheyhavebeeneconomically
BIWASOprqiectthaIhashadthemostdrastice触tofa】lonthe
des如CtlVeaSWell・A鮎rlOyealSandnearly＄11ri）lionspentOn
LBkeBjwaecosystem，Tbassureandinc陀aSethesupplyofwater
Publicwork5Viagra，Japanrseconomicvigorisstillnotrestored，buf 庁omthelake，thecenterpleCeOfthewholeprqjectdleBIW互SO
dlePublicdebt，＄6b111ior）andcountlng，isenomlOuS．andthl脹
pJancal］edfbrdledammingofthelakeshorewlthconcretelevees
ruJlaWay Public workstLm OuttOt光a m司Orjmpedimenlto WhereverrleCeSSary，SOthewaterlevetcouldberegulaIedw仙ina
economicrecoveryinsteadofastimulusforit．
TⅦ唱eOfl，4maboveand2mbelowdleBiwakoBasicSurfhce，

LntheearlysixtleS，thedemandfbrdomestlCandindusbialwater
Waterbvel（B・STL・）（7na7X）］idcalcornproplise・althougllthep］an

WaSincreaslngraPidly，reaChingaremarkablera駈OrinαeaSeOr

Stil】states2mbelowB，S・Linactua］practlCethisislimitedtol．5m■）However．ifthis o∝1耶Orjs aIlowed to occurwith any
deveJopmentpoIICyWaSPreViousJydividedamongtheMinis吟Of 叫uency、itwoutdt㌍devastatingfbrwhatlitlleisle丑ofthenafuralAgicultl∬e，Fores町Zuld Fishelツ（for agicuIturalwater），the l水esho陀eCOSySte札
Minis町Oflntemationa‖厄deandlndus叫（fbrindustnalwater）
ThevanouspartsoftheBIWASOhaveallhadthejrenvironnlenta】
andtheMinis町OfHealdlandWe胞re（fordomestlCWater）．ln impacts・TheagicuJtLmllandrestructuringlladitssb・aightened
OrdertoresTX）ndtothisdemand，nOtOnlyintheBiwabasinbut aJldconcretedrlVerS，aSdiscussedabove，lllelakeshorelevees．with
natlOnWide，thegovernmentpassedanewlawin1961estabJishing，
dleirroadandpaJkszmdnodgateモateVerySb aigl1tenedoutand
underdleConshctionMinlS町theWhterResourcesDevelopment COnC陀tedrivermo山h，bysomeest】mateSdesbT）yedupto90％of
PublicCorp・（inJapaneseMizuShigenKaihatsuKohdan），andit
the bio創ter reed beds stJrrOunding dle Lake．TT）eladvanced−
hasoperated丘）r39yearsno、叫basicallywlthoutanysignificant
Cenb alizedsewagebeahentplants（fourinalI）haverobbedmanyCOn廿0lor superVision otherthaJlthe benevolent eye ofthe紆eamsofsigni爺cantflow．andthenu扇entvaluesoftheireff］uentlSConstructionMinis町itself：Ass00naSitwascreated．thenewStillalmost30times（forn敵ogen）and7times（fbrPhosphates）
Water Resources Deve】opment Public Corp・．WOTking onthe
血enatlOna＝dea］standardtopreventetJb・Ophica｛ion・Manyoftheassumption dlat the grow血in water demand would contmue
rlVermarglnSwith1ntheprefecturea陀nOWlinedwithconcrete．
5．99％ per year between 66 and 70． W止er resources

unabatedfortheforeseeablefuture，immediatelybeganworkingon

NGOⅥわrksho−Pre−WbrldLakeConference

On9thand10thofDecember2000，An NGOWorkshop−Pre−
VvbrldLakeConfE：renCe

withdiscu5SjonsfocussmgonparbleTShipsamongdi舵rentsectors．

washeldattheBiwakoMuseum．This lnthesecondpaneldiscussion，mOderatedbyMr・KojchiT岳utumi

WOrkshopwasconductedbyILECandalocalNGO 1，akeNet
2001 withthesupportofUNEP−IETC−ARerdleOpeningaddress
glVenbyDeputyDirectorofUNEP−IETCMs．LiliaCasanova，apaneldiscussiontcokplacemoderdedbyDTISh両iIde丘℃m
Universib，OfShlgaPrefbcttue・Fourmembers伽mNGOgroups
SuChas Kasumigaura−ShiminKyokai inTuchjuraCi矩rbaraki
Pre良cture，Japanandagovemmentalsecretariaf偽medthepanel

TbwardsaWorldLakeVision

丘onlLakeNet2OOl．the sub］eCt Urlder discussion was How

ShouldcitizensbecomeinvoIvedinnarureconservalion，byatotal
OfsixparLelists・OntheseconddayoftheWorkshoppartlClpantS

exchangedideasonthenextworldlakeconferenceaJldhowit
COuld be used to enhance citizeninvo】vementin natu陀COnSel VamOn．

Mr．VictorS．Muhandiki

A preparatory meeting for the development of a documenl
tentativelytitled ⅥsionsoftheWorldLakesandBa5ins 、（reftrTed

tohereastheWor］dLakeⅥsionLWLV）washe］datILEC
between1213January，2001・TnemeetlngdrewparhcIPantSbm
TLEC，l」akeNet，NALMS，Livingl−akes．UNU SoudlABICa
Water ResouⅣeS PrQ）eCL World Bank，and Shlga Pre危ctural
Govemment．

Itwasemphasizedthata］thoughe庁bTtShavebeenmadeinthepast
tocompilebasicscien捕candpol】CyhformafIOnOnthestateof

WMeenngdleWOrld slakes，aCl飴Ⅰ・visionondlefutureof血eW3rldLakesin
genera］andthe魚rhneofindivlduallakesinpadcularhasnotbeen
developed・Wellぺ粘nCeived managernent plans．1et alone
COnSerVationplanS，donotexistformostlakesandreservoirs．
isdespitethe免ctdlat，1akesandreservoirsareprobablyamongdle

valueoflakestohumanklnd．

Forthee脆ctivedevelopmentoftheWLVitwasemphasizedthatal】stakeholdeTSWhobene頁tdirectlyandindirect］y鮎mthelakes
Shou］dt光invo】ved．LessonsleamedaTldexperiencesgainedfrom
lakemanagementpro卵mSinvariouspartSOfthewor】dwil）
mostvu］nerableofthenumerouseCOSyStemSOftheearthsubjectto
PrOVidevaluableir）PutinthedevelopmentoftheWIN
SeVeTe an仙ropogenic jnfluences．1tisl飢erefbre extremely

imporb−tandurgenttodevelopaWINbecauseoftheimense

howtodealwiththem，makeourownact10nPlansar．ddevelop
Ms．B．D．Jimenezげhilippine）
ThecLmntEnvironmenta］EducatlOn（EE）tocusedonAquatic newapproachesinimplementlngthem．
Environmentwasthe鮎tinasenesof廿ainulgPrOgramStObe
Asapionemngcourseitjstxydlinterestlngandacha11engefbrthe
COnductedbytheJapanIntemationalC00perationAgency（JJCA）
and lntemational Lake Environment Committee Faundation trainees and tralnerS・lnterestlng，beause ofits nove］b，and（ILEC）forthenext10years・The血ingwassupportedbyODA ChaL）enging because ofthe manyideas exchanged aJld the
expeCtationsofbothp加ies・Bo血partieswereactuallysettingthe（OverseasDevelopmentAssistance）throughtheauspicesofJICA
andheld什om25SeptemtNer tO7November20OO，llleb71inlng COuJSetbrthenextbJainlngPrD卵m．Tbesuccessoffuturecourses
greatlydependontheactlVltyOfdlisgroupand血iswas、attimes，
Wa5Very COmPrehensive covenngaquatlC enviror）mentissues．
VeワeTle一瞥d血iIlg．
basic concepts and medlOdology on EE．pT℃p訂ation ofEE
mateTlalsford龍renttargetgroups andtheoreticaland actua］
ObservationsofthelakesIWetlands，muSeumSandindtlSblalp］arltS 1l11Sb71iningwasreallyvery fhitfu］zuldprovidedu5Withzn

WhichglVeuSanOVerviewonhowresourcesaremanagedandexce11ent opporttmhy［o develop our commihlent tO theenvironmentandtolookforwardtoimp］enlentingdlenluIX）nOur
retLmtOOLJrreSpeCtivecoun叫．Ontopofdliscommitment，We
WithIGES．EILNetandGlobe．
le月：18kgoverweightwithpreciou5bTainingmateTials，eXperiences
On anival，Weknew pract．cally nodling on environmentalandmemories，eXCeIlentt001sfbrthepromotionofEEinour
educatjon．We confused environrnentat educa工ion wldl respeCtlVeCOum叫Wththehelpofol∬mentOrSaT［dthed龍rent
envirormentalscience・AsEE concepts and methods slowly Participating旭ining agencies we believe we czulmake theunfolded everyd鞘itl光Came a neW Challenge and a new dif托rence．
expenenCeforus・We］eamedtoider［tlfyproblems斤omissuesand
COnSerVed−Wewerealsoexposedtostateoftheartnetwo一女ing

Traininl :Workshol
am2000for Monitorin
Wat（汀TherrhiningWolkshopPrograIl】WaShe］d4−13November2OOO 1ETC．
atILEC・lllis program was speCificaIly arranged by Shiga
Prefむtu71）GovemmentandtheInternatlOnalLakeEnvironment
SevFnparnCipantswere glVen ad10rOugl1grOundingon theCommitteeFoundatlOn（lLEC）forNGOmembersandotherswho envlrOnmentalcondit10n OfIJake Biwa，aS Wellas practlCal
are working on conservat10n and management of什eshwater
methodsfor checklng、嘱ter qualityand field rese∬Chin
resotNCeS，SuChaslakes，reSerVOirsandIIVerSinenstandsoutheast COllaborationwith）ocalNGO groups・During the course，AsiancounbleS．
partjcipants attendedthellLivmg Lakes Conference and am
lllntemationalNGOworkshopr ．

1llisprogramwasalsopartoftheDisseminatingEnvironmentauy
SoundTechnoIogy（ESl盲）programthTY）ugl1thesupTnrtOfUNEP−

DebateonoilexploitatlOninTLm］eSap−Cambodja

5provinces：Komrx）ngThom，SiemReap，Battambang・Posatand
KomTX）ngChhnang）1ivingzuT）undT血JeSapandfishjngisvery
Since late last year, the related govemment minisuies
impoTtantfordleirljve）ihood・About40perCentOf蝕11CatChfiY）m（Environment，Agiculttue，W加erResources，PublicW）rksandthel「血IeSapamdother60perCer．t斤omtheMekongandBassak
TねnsportatlOnandFisheries）havedebatedamongtheirofncials
nversand舟omthepondsandI7CefieLds．

regardingdevelopmentandotheractlvitiesintheTLmleSap（Great
Lake）・Yet，thedebaIehasnotleadtoanyagreementondleS咄ect
Acorearea，WhichisbelievedlDbetheonlyhabitarofSoutheast
athand・TheMinis叫′OfEnvITT｝nmentandAgricultun∋Seemedto

AsiaTssl氾t−billedpe1icansandnumerouso血errarewaterfbwl，isdesignated to 玩 managed fbr conservation only・Some
早OVernmentO伐cials脈nOtinagTeementOfmakjngT血1eSap
Cしmently，theUnねdNations Educational，Socialand Cultural
mtoaW）rldConservadonAI℃a．Thereguladonwouldresbictthe
OrganizatlOnOJNESCO），isworkingonThnleSap．UNESCO，
developmentactivjtieswithinthebasir）Ofth＄lake・Theyclaimed
fbrma11ydesigutedTunleSapa5abiospherereserveinJune1998．
thatthegovernmentwouldlose＄500，000annuallyon］y舟omthe
Thedesignationincludedthreecoreau・eaS：PrekToalonthenorthfishinglotsandtheareawi11t㌍COlonizedbyUNESCO・However，
bemostactiveinthedebate＿

endoftheLake，MoatKhlaontheno血ぺen廿alsjdeandS加Ig fOnltavresnocehta血dewivOCSENUm℃鯨stilatnemorivne

Senon血esouthend・TLmleSap，Shouldt光identifiedasanunlquedle）akeistoprotectdlelake斤omdes飢1Ction，andthiswi11notbjodiversityhabitaLltisrichinnaturalTeSOurCeS，PartlCularIy鮎sh disttqbdlenShingactivitiesordevelopmentactivitiesinthelake．
WaternShandwaterfbw］・Itisthelargestsuppl）erOfproteinfbr
1Tle］akeisatpresentundergomgseriousdeterlOratlOnOfitsnatum
mi11ionsofCamtxdians，Wlthanestimated2rnillionpeople（鮎mresoLmeSafrbctedbyover月shing，WaIercontaminaf107t eTT）Sion

totheNationalPe廿OleumAuhorityforaccessto仇epotential
and desmlCtion offIooded forests which are a verylmPOrtam［

reserves．Thegovemmentinear】y2000hasnegotiated雨ththe
British company However，decisions have yet to tx：madeaccessibilityofeconomicactlvitiessuchasfishingaslongasdley
陀g血ing仙epI℃匹姐1・
donota能ctthecoreareaAnjrdzone，dleSO−CalledttⅦlSjtIOn
ZOne，issupIX）SedtobemanagedRrsustalnabledevelopment・
MohamedA］−FayedlabusinesヲmanbasedintheUKhastalked
wldlgOVementabout仇epartlCIPanOnOfhiscompanyrIHarrcd．s
AtaJune1998ceremony，thetopUNESCOo用cialinCamtxxlia
EnergyI．，in触uredevelopment・Hewasaccompaniedbythewlfb
Tunle Sap
OrtheforTner¶1aipnmeministerChavalitⅥ）ngChaiyudhtomeet

habitaIぬ「航sh and water birds．The bu舵r zone allows thetheCambodianpnmemhisterHunSen．todiscussthepumhaseof．■i二「＝∴ニモ；匪．

ニ1∴1

ト′

ノ篭

肇蓮撃攣

oilconcessiol旭．

1tDoLmgDara，CarnbodianNadonalPe廿01eurnAuthor1年Sald
ぜご＼
ノ，≠牽

theareasthatarebeingt00klngfordri］1ingprogmmaretodleWeSt

Of血e Tlmle Sap，including B舶mbang．Posat，KommlX）ng
Chhnang．bl丑山ey wilInotbe dri11ing on the takebeditselt
However，伽血erinvestlgaIionisneededtobedonebefbrethey
arespollSibjli吋．卸 d u唱ed
StreSSedthatsuch an honorbrought
couldcommentor［thecommercialquar．titiesofpe廿∝hemicals
Cambcdiatoprepare仇elegaL andinstltutional土i ameWOrk forthatmaybeobtained憬omthearea・SeismicevaluationsinvoIve
managingthe甜儲LUNESCOitselfisnotalegallybindingentlty dri11ingaserleSOfshallowwhole，loadjngthemwithexplosive，
in Carnbodia．Ministers録om the Ministry ofVvbter Resource，
detonatlng them，血en measuring the echoes・The Hand s
PtlblicWorksandTmnsIX）rtatlOrhandAgicultu代didnotagree
COmpar［yhasact］VitiesinTllailand．whereithastakenovera
wlth廿Ie decree proposed bythe UNESCO．AnUNESCO
numberofconcession付omtheThaioilconlpanyPTTHowever，
environmentalist，Etlenne Ba臼Ot，Saidtheministers seem tonoteveryoneinthegpvemmenthasbeenhappyabotRMTIAl−
misunderstandtheroleofthecorezones．Hestatedthatiftherrhnle
FayedrsinvoIvernentL Onegovemmento用cialsaidthatatdle
Sapiswellprotecteditwi11havemorefishandeconom−CPOtential
meet］ngWlthHunSen、AトFayedhadbraggedaboutwhathewas
斤omeco−tOlmSmandCamtxxiiawingeneratemoreincomefor
goingtodoforC訂nbcdiaoillsindus叫，buthedidnothavea
deve］opment．HoweverheMinisterofEnviro一一mentrePO血that
technicaJknowledgeof血esubJeCt．
aroyaldecreewlllhelpprotect山eenvironmentandtuTltherrunle
Sapintoaneco−tOLmSmaI廿actlOnunlqueindleWOrldbyattractlng
UNESCOseemedtodisagreeatx）utOildnllingiれtheTLmleSap・

moreaidmoney，AccordingtotheUNdevelopmentprogramsurveyir）1997，eCO−tourlSminthecorezonealonecouIdgenerate＄lmi11ionayear，
saidNoeuBonheur，ChiefofthetechnicahmitofTLmleSap．

Threecompaniessubmittedproposalfbrgas／oilprqject
A study conductedin May1999bytheJapan Nat．ona］Oil
CooperationindjcatedthattheTunleSapcouldt光arlChsourceof

TTleinvesbnentcouldbedangerousifCambodiaalIowsoneofdle
worldls unlqueeCOloglCalhabitatto beexploitedforoil，SaldforTrIer UNESCOenvimnmentalconsu］t2ult Etienne Ba毎Ot．He

askedwhetherdlegOVemmentWOuldevenconsiderdrillingthe
famoustempLeAngkorWaI・Thefinancialbenefit伽mtheprQJeCt
wouldmostlygotothepo：ketofthepowerhlpeOPIe・Therearealsoconcerns加utthewisdomofthedri‖ingforoilr）eXttOthe
TunleSaplake−akeybreedinggrouれdfor鮎hinCambdja・ManyenvjronmentalNGOsarewomedabouttheenomlOuShsk

Ofdes廿OyingthemostimportantecologlCalareainCmlbodiaif

Oilzndgas．ThesurveywasdonebyaJapanesecompanyandone therewasanoilspillinthelake−scatchmentarea，
BritlShandtwoSingaporeancompanieshavesubmittedproposals

lden捕cationofprocessesregulatlngthecolourandcolour
ChangelnanOligo打OPhic，hardwater，grOundwater一俺dlake．Blue
Lake，MountGarnbier．SouthAl遁traLia ／Fourgenera］principles◆rmesecondpartoftheMinisterialDeclarationwasnotprlnted

fbrthemanagementandconservatlOnOfwetlandsinlargelakes ，inthisissue．

L TbpJownbioIogicalconb℃1son甘OPica）1akep−duct7Vity ＼Dom血m∝Ofq肋dわ甲m中一ね′？亡ん0和上fg仰ostomIes，

CymOf）rOk町Ota）inQueenslandbt）PICalandsubtroplCa】◆Lakes＆Reservoirs、ResearchandManagement
ヽblume5Issue3，鮎pt2000
rmisisstleSOf）LEC sJoumalfea‡t躍articlesonavanetyof
Sub］eCtlnCluding StudyofthechemicalcomposltlOnOf
SuSpendedparticlesinLakeBikal ， Mcdellingthereciprocal
WatereXChangebetweenarlVer（Havel）andalake（rrtgeler
See） ， WaIeruse（ar［dabuse）anditse触onthecrater−1ake5

reservolrS ∴ Drylandlakes、 ．
wIVW，blackwetl−SCience．com

JoumalSubscnptions，BlackwellScienceAsia．POBox378（54UniversjbIS廿託t）carltonSouth，Ⅵctorla，3053，AustraLia
Tヒト嶋】393470300 Fax；十万1393475001
Email；Sl血scrlptions＠bJackscj−aSia＿COm．au

0f＼ね1ledeSantlagO，Mexico 、 LakerestoratlOninDenmark ．

忽爪rrE月凡47TO凡1上土A貯だ且Vl／T尺0八っは軌Vr COル捌〟r7甘g∫OL珊n∠1了了0Ⅳ
1（）910】‖Sllim‖ぐll（〕．1tしlドこIt机■ぐ；t〉．ドllljてこ15二三5（刷〉1トhl）こ1一丁．」l：＋81−77−5（S貞J5（17．Fこl：く二＋81775（；H−45（旛．ト】lu山こ11rり（ 一Ilj】rぐ， 1l