ANNUAL REPORT2010 2011

ANNUAL REPORTFY2010 - FY2011

ANNUAL REPORT FY2010 − FY2011
INDEX

About IIR

I. Research Activitiesi011) Innovation Research Forum

022) Joint Research Projects

063) Conferences

20

II. Researchers

291) Full-time Rsearchers302) International Visiting Researchers

60

III. Education

611) Courses Given by the IIR Faculty Members

622) The IIR Library

63

IV. Research Results / Publications

65

1) Hitotsubashi Business Review

662) Working Papers

743) Case Studies

76About IIR‘To become a world-class of excellence for research in social processes of innovation’ ― The Instituteof Innovation Research (IIR) was established at Hitotsubashi University to achieve this aim in April
1997, as the result of the reorganization of the Institute of Business Research, whose main pursuit had
been the theoretical and empirical analysis of business, society and management.
It is indispensable for a populous country with poor natural resources like Japan to generate innovation.
The importance of innovation has considerably increased since 1990s when growth by catching up with
Western competitors was no longer possible. At that time, however, we had only little understandingof how innovation was generated. Innovation was an agenda in the realm of technical development.
People did not pay sufficient attention to the long, social process for turning technological invention
into industrial development. Innovation is a complex social phenomenon in which economic, political,
organizational, historical and legislative factors are correlated with each other. In order to clarify thisprocess, there needed to be places for interdisciplinary, systematic research where people from various
fields of social science could work together utilizing the knowledge of natural science. This is how the
IIR was established as an interdisciplinary research institute concentrating on the innovation process.
Missions
The first mission of the IIR is to study the innovation generation process systematically andempirically, understanding innovation as something to bring about economic value, and to contributeto the improvement of theoretical and practical knowledge. The role of the IIR also encompasses theclarification of social and economical impacts of innovation.
The second mission is to build a bridge between theory and practice on innovation. Since innovation
is “living phenomenon,” one needs to be deeply involved in the front line of practice and understandspecific problems happening there. In order to achieve the ultimate objective of facilitating innovation,
there should be certain mechanisms for applying theoretical knowledge to the front line of innovation.
In this sense, the IIR has to play an important role in linking theory and practice.
The third mission is to be an open research center which serves as a place for knowledge fusions
between researchers from different countries. As the importance of innovation is and will be growing
in East Asian countries, promoting interactions with researchers from these countries is very importantfor Japan in contributing to the development of this region. Thus, the IIR's missions also include theaccumulation of qualitative and quantitative information on Japanese innovation.
Research Areas
In order to pursue its mission of studying the innovation process systematically and empirically, theactivities of IIR have covered the following areas of research since its establishment.
“Research on Technological Innovation” and “Research on Management Innovation” are the areas inwhich factors facilitating innovation such as technology, organizations and management methods arebeing studied. “Research on Entrepreneurs” analyzes the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs as
innovation initiators in order to go deep into the realities of innovation. “Research on Social Networks”
explores how networks of private firms, universities, individuals, and other entities and parties affectinnovation.
“Business History Research” and “Technology History Research” look at the above areas of empiricalresearch from a broader perspective, understand their historical contexts, and trace the development
processes of innovation over time. “Research on Institutions for Innovation” focuses on clarifying
the influences of accounting and legal systems (such as those about intellectual property rights) on
innovation.
“Research on Knowledge Management” synthesizes and attempts to understand all these empiricalareas of research from a broader, theoretical perspective. Finally, “International Comparative Research”
involves comparison, demonstration and analysis on an international scale.

We believe that our research at the IIR offers an important opportunity to foster creativity andinnovation in Japan in order to bring about transformation and development in business organizations
and the economy. We wish to create a world-class, international research institute where people from allover the world can conduct research together.

I. Research Activities

I. Research Activities

1. Innovation Research Forum — Apr. 2010 ~ Mar. 2012
The following is the list of lectures given as part of the Innovation Research Forum during 2010-2011
academic year:Mar. 14, 2012

Anja Schulze
Director of Swiss Center for Automotive Research at the Department of Management,
Technology, and Economics (D-MTEC) of ETH Zurich“ Lean Product Development (The Management of Efficiency in New ProductDevelopment): A Research Project that Bridges Japan and Europe as well as Industry andAcademia”
Florian Rittiner
the Department of Management, Technology, and Economics (D-MTEC) of ETH Zurich“Process Management from a Knowledge Brokerage Point of View”
Simge Tuna
the Department of Management, Technology, and Economics (D-MTEC) of ETH Zurich“Attention Based View to New Product Development: A Case of Set Based Concurrent
Engineering in the Top Pharmaceutical Machinery Supplier”
Stefano Brusoni
Professor, the Chair of Technology and Innovation Management at the Department ofManagement, Technology, and Economics (D-MTEC) of ETH Zurich“Reinventing the Wheel: Knowledge Integration in the Tire Industry”

Feb. 09, 2012

Junichiro Masada
General Manager, Gas Turbine Engineering Department, Power Systems Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries, Ltd.
“Development and Industrialization of High-Efficiency, High-Temperature Gas Turbine”(G-COE Research Project on Okochi Prize Cases)

Jan. 26, 2012

Hitoshi Tanaka
Associate Professor, Faculty of Economics, Hokkai-Gakuen University“Intellectual Property Rights and Foreign Direct Investment: A Welfare Analysis(co-authored with Tatsuro Iwaisako) ”

Jan. 26, 2012

Martin Hemmert
Professor, Business School, Korea University“Relational Governance in New Product Development Collaborations: Evidence from
Korea”

Jan. 19, 2012

Kazunobu Tanaka
Principal Fellow, Center for R&D Strategy, Japan Science and Technology Agency“R&D Strategies and Science and Technology Systems: Nanotechnology -Grand Design inJapan”

Jan. 16, 2012

Takashi Shimizu
Associate Professor, Department of Advanced Social and International Studies, Universityof Tokyo“The Demography of Corporations in Japan”

Jan. 13, 2012

Minoru Hirata
Manager, Foundry Business Headquarters, Foundry Equipment Engineering Group,
SINTOKOGIO, LTD.
“Development of Aeration Sand Filling Technology in Green Molding Process”(G-COE Research Project on Okochi Prize Cases)Dec. 14, 2011

Minna Autio and Jaakko Autio (University of Helsinki)"Consumer-driven Innovation in Retail Service Culture/ Empowering Employees andActivating Consumers"
Anssi Smedlund (Aalto University)"Value Co-Creation in Service Platform Business Models"Otto Makela (Aalto University)"The Business Model as a Tool of Improving Value Creation"
Naoto Nadayama (Aalto University)"Acceleration of Change in the Firm -Participant Observation Research in Finnish
Companies"

Dec. 01, 2011

Toshihiko Nomi and Sadao Nagaoka
Senior Analyst for Academia-Industry-Government, Cooperation Promotion, Ministry of
Economy, Trade and Industry / Professor, Institute of Innovation Research“Industry-Academia-Government Collaboration and Knowledge Transfer Process”

Nov. 30, 2011

Horst Otto Hanusch
Visiting Professor, Institute of Innovation Research; Professor, University of Augsburg“Governance in Stormy Times: Explaining and Fighting the Current Crisis in a CNSEFramework”

Nov. 24, 2011

Akira Yamazaki
Researcher, Institute of Innovation Research; Professor, Chiba Institute of Technology“Study of the Management for Successful R&D Projects Supported by Public Funds”

Nov. 17, 2011

Hiroyuki Tomizawa and Takayuki Hayashi
Director of Research Unit for Science and Technology Analysis and Indicators, National
Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP), Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) / Associate Professor, Department of Researchfor University Evaluation, National Institution for Academic Degrees and University
Evaluation (NIAD-UE)“Science of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy: Indicators, Scientometrics andResearch Evaluation”

Oct. 26, 2011

Fernando Suarez
Visiting Professor, Institute of Innovation Research; Chair, Strategy & Innovation
Department, Boston University School of Management“Research on Industry Life Cycles: Origin, Evolution and Current Trends”

Aug. 01, 2011

Masashi Shirabe
Associate Professor, Tokyo Institute of Technology“The Use of Scientometrics in Research Funding Programs”

Jun. 17, 2011

Edmund Kitch
Professor, Virginia Law School“Prospect Theory View of the Role of Patent System: Lessons from Bayh-Dole
Experiences”(Innovation Forum Jointly with Industry/Labor Workshop and with Law/Economics Study
Group)

Jun. 03, 2011

Shigeru Harashima
Senior Manager, Department of Production Engineering, Denso Corporation“Development of Environment-Conscious Oil-filter and its Production System”(G-COE Research Project on Okochi Prize Cases)

May. 25, 2011

Khare Prajakta Amit
Adjunct Lecturer, Institute of Innovation Research“SME Clusters in India: Possibility of Drawing Lessons from Japan”


Mar. 07, 2011

Isamu Hanyu and Satoshi Takechi and Koji Nozaki
General Manager, Technology Research, Fujitsu Semiconductor Limited / Manager,
Intellectual Property Unit, Standardization Promotion Department, Fujitsu Semiconductor
Limited / Research Fellow, Device & Materials Laboratories, Fujitsu Laboratories Limited“Technical Innovation in ArF Resist Material for LSI Production to 90nm-Era andBeyond”(G-COE Research Project on Okochi Prize Cases)

Feb. 04, 2011

Csonka Laszlo
Research Fellow, IKU Innovation Research Centre, Financial Research Corp.
“R&D and Innovation Networks in the Hungarian Automotive Industry”

Jan. 28, 2011

Shigeto Hatanaka
General Manager, Fuel Research Laboratory Research & Development Division, JX
Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation“Development and Practical Application of Manufacturing Technology for Sulfur-Free
Fuels”(G-COE Research Project on Okochi Prize Cases)

Dec. 22, 2010

Bernard Dankbaar
Visiting Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, and Professor of Radboud University,
Nijmegen“Dynamics of High-Tech Industries: An Institutional Approach”

Dec. 10, 2010

Dirk Czarnitzki
Associate Professor, KU Leuven“Competing Internationally: On the Importance of R&D for Export Activity”

Dec. 01, 2010

Satoru Ito
Adjunct Professor of Institute of Innovation Research, Advisor of Research& Development Group at Hitachi, Ltd., and Research Advisor of Tsukuba Innovation
Arena Promotion Division at Advanced Industrial Science and Technology“Mobile-Phone Platform Strategy in Japanese Semiconductor Makers: In Pursuit of Global
over Domestic Business”
Masao Nakaya
Adjunct Professor of Institute of Innovation Research, and President and CEO
of Semiconductor Technology Academic Research Center“Profitability in Semiconductor Industry and Its Interfirm Differentials: Based on the
Analysis of 62 World-Leading Players”

Oct. 14, 2010

Patricia Phumpiu
Academic Coordinator, KTH- Royal Institute of Technology“National and Regional Innovation Systems in Sweden and Spain”

Sep. 21, 2010

Kenichi Tanaka
General Manager, Advanced Technology R&D Center, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation“Development and Mass Production of Artificial Retina LSI”
(G-COE Research Project on Okochi Prize Cases)

Jul. 23, 2010

Keizo Ishiguro and Takayuki Hayashi
General Manager, 1st Device Development G., AVC Develop Center, Technology
Planning & Development Center, AVC Networks Company / Councilor, 1st Device
Development G., AVC Develop Center, Technology Planning & Development
Center, AVC Networks Company, Panasonic Corporation“Development and Commercialization of the Products with Compact Digital Still Camera
Using Optical Image Stabilizer”(G-COE Research Project on Okochi Prize Cases)

Jul. 15, 2010

Tadahiro Uemura and Kenji Ueno and Yoshinari Fusaoka
Director (Technology),Water Treatment Division, Toray Singapore Water Research Center/ General Manager for Technology & Production, Water Treatment Division / General
Manager, Water Treatment Division, Water Treatment & Environment Division, Toray
Industries, Inc.
“Development of a Polyamide Composite Reverse Osmosis Membranes and their
Membrane Systems”(G-COE Research Project on Okochi Prize Cases)

Jul. 07, 2010

Koichi Kubota and Jiro Ito
Chief Executive, Visual Instruments Operations Division / General Manager, New Domain
Research & Development Center, Corporate Research & Development Div., Seiko Epson
Corporation“Development of a Compact and High Picture Quality LCD Data Projector”(G-COE Research Project on Okochi Prize Cases)

Jun. 17, 2010

Tsutomu Nakata and Wang Feizhou and Hiroshi Takiguchi
President, NAKATA MFG. Co., Ltd. / Executive Director, Corporate Technical, Nakata
Mfg. Co., Limited / Executive Director, Corporate Planning, Nakata Mfg. Co., Limited“Development of the Most Advanced Flexible Roll Forming Mill for Quality Tubes andPipes”(G-COE Research Project on Okochi Prize Cases)

Jun. 08, 2010

Eric J. Iversen
Senior Researcher, NIFU STEP Norwegian Institute for Studies in Innovation, Researchand Education“Multiple Licensing Arrangements: Organizational and Analytical Issues”

Jun. 02, 2010

Youngjin Yoo
Visiting Associate Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, and Associate Professor of
Temple University“Digital Innovation and the Future of Industrial Firms”

May. 24, 2010

Martin Jes Iversen
Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School“The Multinational Brewery Carlsberg as a Mirror of Danish Capitalism, 1847-2010 Competition, Cartels and Internationalization”

May. 19, 2010

Serguey Braguinsky
Associate Professor, Carnegie Mellon University“High-Tech Entrepreneurship”

Apr. 28, 2010

Akira Endo
Visiting Professor, Institute of Innovation Research“A Gift from Nature: The Invention of Statin and the Following Innovation (III)”I. Research Activities

2. Joint Research Projects — Apr. 2010 ~ Mar. 2012
At the IIR, we have the advantage of a team of researchers covering many areas of scholarship to carry out
joint research into themes that have not previously been touched upon. The following are the joint research
projects that researchers engaged in during the 2010-2011 academic year.
(* = Project Leader, or Coordinator)■ Industry-Academia-Government Collaboration Research Program on the Innovation

Processes
1. Outline of Research
During the 2008 academic year, the Institute of Innovation Research initiated a research program on
the innovation process. The program, which is conducted through industry-academia-government
collaboration, is supported by a special subsidy from the central government. Together with IIR faculty
members, visiting faculty members and researchers also work on various projects for this program. To
further the evolution of its research, in the 2011 academic year the institute newly invited Yoshiyuki
Ohsugi (Advisor , Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Medical Affairs Division) to join the projectas an adjunct professor in the biotechnology sector. In addition, during the 2010 academic year IIR
invited Satoru Ito (former Chairman, Renesas Electronics Co., Ltd.) and Masao Nakaya (President andCEO, Semiconductor Technology Academic Research Center) to serve as adjunct professors in thesemiconductor sector. An overview of the program and more detailed information on IIR’s activities
during the current academic year are available by clicking the following link:
http://www.iir.hit-u.ac.jp
2. Objectives
Innovation holds the key to the future growth of Japan’s economy. For both the creation of knowledge
and its use, innovation is a highly complex process that entails a social division of labor, and research on
the entire process – from the systematic accumulation of objective data to the creation and application ofknowledge based on such information – is needed to clarify optimal methods for effectively encouraging
innovation. Together with promoting research concerning the innovation process (including knowledge
production mechanisms and the optimal means for competing and cooperating in R&D), based on
industry-academia-government collaboration, and obtaining research results that set an international
standard, the research program seeks to apply the fruits of its research to strengthen the technology
management capabilities of government agencies and the industrial sector, and helps shape novel policies
and proposals for institutional reforms to promote innovation.
3. Time Period
FY2008-present4. Members
IIR Faculty Members (Project Leaders: Hiroyuki Chuma* and Sadao Nagaoka*)
Akira Endo, Visiting Professor, IIR / Biopharm Research Laboratories, Inc.
Satoru Ito, Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / former Chairman, Renesas Electronics Co., Ltd.
Yoshiyuki Ohsugi, Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / Scientific Director, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.,
Ltd., Medical Affairs Division
Masao Nakaya, Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / President & CEO, Semiconductor Technology
Academic Research Center
Masaomi Kameyama, Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / Nikon Corporation
Toshihiko Osada, Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / Fujitsu Microelectronics Limited
Gensuke Tokoro, Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / aRigen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Masatsura Igami, Associate Professor (Special Appointment), IIR / NISTEP
Naotoshi Tsukada, Research Associate, IIR
Yusuke Naito, A Life-laboratory
Yuji Honjo, Chuo University
Tomohiro Ijichi, Seijo University
Kenta Nakamura, Kobe University
Hideo Owan, The University of Tokyo
Katsushige Tsuno, Electron Optics Solutions
Koichiro Onishi, Osaka Institute of Technology
Yoichiro Nishimura, Kanagawa University
5. Research Areas[1] Measurement of the innovation processThis research seeks to understand the realities of the knowledge production mechanism, including
knowledge combinations, through means such as systematic case studies of government-supported
research projects, along with questionnaire surveys and corroborative analyses utilizing patents and otherstatistical data.
Specifically, participants work in cooperation with the National Institute of Science and Technology
Policy (NISTEP) to use the survey research know-how universities have accumulated up to now
and NISTEP database information to implement large-scale questionnaire surveys of scientists,and understand parameters such as knowledge production processes, research output and research
environments and inputs, and conduct empirical research on the knowledge creation processes in sciences
and the processes through which innovation is created from scientific knowledge.
Researchers also work in cooperation with the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development
Organization (NEDO) to advance development of theoretical research and methodologies concerning
procedures for measurement of the innovation process, by using the results of past studies on innovation.
In tandem with this activity, researchers elucidate and analyze the actual conditions surrounding suchaspects as the mechanisms of knowledge combination and knowledge production and the knowledgecommercialization process, by creating a database of NEDO-supported research projects and researchers
and using this data to provide practical verification of theories and research methodologies.

[2] Management of Technology
This research looks at the management of technology “best practices” by which the government or theindustrial sector as a whole can effectively link R&D results to innovation. With the cooperation of the
Semiconductor Technology Roadmap Committee of Japan at The Japan Electronics and Information
Technology Industries Association (JEITA), the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and theindustrial sector, including manufacturers of semiconductor fabrication equipment and semiconductor
devices, the program has created a research system and is investigating topics such as the mechanism
by which the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) was created, thehistorical significance and meaning (including limits) of what the ITRS has accomplished, and thefeasibility of ITRS development in the future. The program also is undertaking, with assistance fromthe Japan Bioindustry Association and the Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association Officeof Pharmaceutical Industry Research, research on the market entry and growth mechanisms of hightechnology start-up firms in the biotechnology sector and the best methods for cooperation with thepharmaceuticals industry.
[3] Policies and systems
Based on the case studies, statistical databases and international comparative research described above,
the program analyzes problems that form barriers in Japan to both the creation of new industries andsustainable innovation at existing industries, and conducts research that will lead to novel proposals.
6. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2011
1. NEDO Project: Published findings learned from related surveys in a scientific journal as “TheInnovation Process Observed through the NEDO Project.” Participants conducted interview surveys
and also gathered data on inventions, and carried out research on topics such as project and firmorganization, the embodiment of consortia and information sharing, and changes in the invention
activities of participating researchers. The results were announced at five workshops. Together with
the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology National Institute of Scienceand Technology Policy (NISTEP), the project initiated a descriptive study of researchers who had
achieved inventions through industry-university collaboration research, with the goal of analyzing
processes from seed discovery to the application of results.
Nagaoka, Sadao, Manabu Eto and Yusuke Naito, “Innovation Process as Seen from NEDO Projects,”
Keizai Kenkyû (The Economic Review), Vol. 62, No. 3, July 2011, pp. 253-269
2. Semiconductor Industry Innovation: To clarify the characteristics of Japan’s strengths among globallyrelated R&D networks as a case study of state-of-the-art processing technology, an additional survey
was conducted with IMEC in Belgium, LETI in France, and ALD-tool inventors in Finland, and asocial networks analysis was performed based on the extensive volume of data from U.S. patents
and leading academic papers. Part of the result was published in a scholarly journal. A study group
was also begun with design developers from STARC and the Hitachi Central Research Laboratory,
to highlight the conditions that have led to a similar tendency arising in the semiconductor design
sector as well. In relation to the survey, interviews were conducted at a number of related companies
in Japan and overseas. Additional interviews were conducted in Japan and overseas with regard topattern measurement SEM for semiconductors and electron microscope sphere aberration correction
technology, the first major SEM innovation in 50 years.
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “Searching for Main Characteristics of R&D Strategies in Semiconductor Industry:
Viewed from Social Network Analysis,” Keizai Kenkyû (The Economic Review), Vol. 62, No. 3, July
2011, pp. 225-2403. Innovation in the Biotechnology Sector: The results of a survey of start-up firms currently being
conducted with the Japan Bioindustry Association were published by the American Economic
Association. A related new WP also was published. A comparative analysis of the growth factors at listed
biotechnology firms in Japan and the U.S. and the results of a case study on the development process for
Actemra, the first antibody drug developed in Japan, were released at a research workshop.
Honjo, Yuji, Sadao Nagaoka, Kenta Nakamura and Yumi Shimizu, “Agenda for the Growth of Bio
Startup Firms in Japan: Alliances and CEO Turnovers,” IIR Working Paper WP #12-01, January 2012
7. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2010
1. As a result of implementing a “Survey Concerning the Knowledge Production Process in the Sciences”
in FY 2009, responses were obtained from approximately 2,100 scientists in Japan. Based on this result,a workshop (see page 10) was held simultaneously with the release of the working paper (IIR Working
Paper WP#10-7). At the workshop, a summary based on aggregate calculation of the survey responses wasreported, and opinions on topics such as how to manage research in the future, science and technology
policies, and “research on research” were exchanged. Further analysis was completed during the following
fiscal year, and reported the result at an open workshop. A similar survey in the United States as well, andcomparison of Japan and the U.S., also was published as a working paper (IIR Working Paper WP#11-09).
2. The characteristics, significance and limits of the semiconductor road map were analyzed. An analysisof the text of the same report over each year to trace the historical changes to the International Technology
Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS), an analysis of the mutual relationship between the ITRS and Intel’s R&D global strategy, which was focused on high-k/metal gate process technology and specific parameter(device and materials) technologies related to this technology, and an historical analysis and case study
analysis that looked at changes in inspection equipment (CD-SEM: Scanning electron microscope) andpackaging technology in the road map, were undertaken.
3. In cooperation with the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO),
the follow-up survey form for NEDO-supported projects was revised, and the survey form was distributedand collected, and based on the responses (1) an analysis of the factors dividing commercialization fromproject discontinuation and (2) an analysis of the supplementary role of public funds were undertaken.
Furthermore, together with preparing a NEDO project database a questionnaire, list of names of recipientsand a patent database for the analysis were prepared with cooperation from NEDO, in order to implement alarge-scale questionnaire survey covering past NEDO-supported projects and the participating researchers,
and a questionnaire survey system synchronized with the database was developed. An evaluation system andmanagement best practices for research and innovation in Japan’s public sector also were studied.
4. A comparative study of Japan, the U.S. and Europe was implemented to examine the entry and growthmechanisms of Japan’s biotechnology ventures and alliances between the pharmaceuticals industry
and venture businesses. For the study, surveys were sent to 716 biotechnology firms in Japan with thecooperation of the Japan Bioindustry Association, and responses were returned from 276 companies,
providing valuable information concerning alliances, research and development financing and assessmentof intellectual property systems. The analytical results obtained from the basic statistics of the survey were
published as a working paper (IIR Working Paper WP#10-3). A detailed case study on the statin innovation
process also was undertaken with the cooperation of Dr. Akira Endo, the inventor and developer of statins.

■ GCOE Okochi Award Case Study Research Program
1. Outline of ResearchThis project aims at building up cases of innovations by Japanese firms and examining the features andchallenges of Japanese firms in creating innovations. While previous studies in technology management
have paid attention to product development or industry-level analysis, this project focuses on individual
firms from concept creation, through development and commercialization to subsequent consequences, inorder to explore a news stream of innovation research.
In this five-year project, we make individual cases each year selected from those who won the
Okochi Awards, which have been given to important technological innovations annually since 1954.
We also conduct cross-case analysis to explore features and challenges of Japanese firms to succeed ininnovations. Each case is written jointly by faculty members at IIR and the Graduate School of Commerceand Management at Hitotsubashi University and graduate students. This project is financially supported
by Global COE "Innovation in the Japanese Corporation" at Hitotsubashi University.
2. Time Period
FY2008-present
3. Members
Yaichi Aoshima*, Hiroyuki Chuma, Manabu Eto, Masaru Karube, Kentaro Nobeoka, Hiroshi Shimizu,
Takeishi Akira (University of Kyoto), Junji Miyahara (Tokyo University of Science), Masatoshi Fujiwara(Kyoto Sangyo University), Youngjae Koh (Konan University), Tomono Miki (Rikkyo University)
4. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2010-FY2011
Publication and Papers(1) Takeishi, Akira, Yaichi Aoshima and Masaru Karube, Reasons for Innovation: Creating Legitimacy
for Resource Mobilization, Tokyo: Yuhikaku, March 2012, 506 pages (in Japanese)(2) Shimizu, Hiroshi and Satoshi Kudo,“How Well Does Knowledge Travel? The Transition from Energy
to Commercial Application of Laser Diode Fabrication Technology,” Business and Economic History
On-Line, Vol. 9, 2011
(3) Kosaka, Genjiro,“Individual-level and Group-level Diversity in R&D Organizations: A Comparative
Analysis of the Ceramic Capacitor Industry,” Organizational Science, Vol. 45 No. 2, 2011, pp. 74-86(in Japanese)(4) Tsumita, Atsushi and Masatoshi Fujiwara, “ICT Utilization and Corporate Growth: A Comparative
Study of Two Okochi Memorial Prize Winners,” in Center for Japanese Business Studies,
Hitotsubashi University, ed., Frontier of Japanese Business Studies 7, Tokyo: Yuhikaku, March 2011,
pp. 89-98 (in Japanese)(5) Miki, Tomono and Youngjae Koh, “The Product Development Process of Digital X-ray Imaging
System: A Case Study of Fujifilm Computed Radiography,” Akamon Management Review, Vol. 10,
No. 11, November 2011, pp. 755-788 (in Japanese)

10Case Study
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Business Case Series (in Japanese)(1) Aoshima, Yaichi and Makoto Kitamura, “Seiko Epson: an Inkjet Printer that Produces HighResolution Text and Images,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 59, No. 3, December 2011, pp.
134-156(2) Fujiwara, Masatohi, Tomono Miki and Yaichi Aoshima, “Toray Industries: Development of theReverse Osmosis Membrane Business,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 59, No. 1, June 2011, pp.
150-167
IIR Case Study Series (in Japanese)(3) Okumura, Yuichiro and Manabu Eto, “Seiko Epson: Development of 3LCD Projector and its
Commercilization,” IIR Case Study Case#12-01, January 2012
(4) Komuro, Masashi and Manabu Eto, “Mitsubishi Electric: Development of Artificial Retina LSI,” IIR
Case Study Case#11-03, September 2011(5) Ito, Seigo, “Denso: Development and Commercialization of Type III Alternator for Automobiles,” IIR
Case Study Case#11-01, May 2011
(6) Fujiwara, Masatoshi, Yaichi Aoshima and Tomono Miki, “Toray Industries: Development of the
Polyamide Composite Reverse Osmosis Membrane,” IIR Case Study CASE#10-11, December 2010
(7) Tsumita, Atsushi and Masatoshi Fujiwara, “Nakata MFG: FFX Mill Development and Production,”
IIR Case Study CASE#10-10, September 2010(8) Kudo, Satoshi and Hiroshi Shimizu, “SONY: Semiconductor Laser Manufacturing Technology,
MOCVD,” IIR Case Study CASE#10-09, August 2010
(9) Kudo, Hideo and Kentaro Nobeoka, “Panasonic: Development of IH Cooker,” IIR Case Study
CASE#10-07, July 2010(10) Kubota, Tatsuya and Yaichi Aoshima, “Yokogawa Electric: Development and Application of High
Speed Confocal Microscopy,” IIR Case Study CASE#10-06, July 2010(11) Aoshima, Yaichi and Izumi Okubo, “Nippon Steel: A Diagnose and Repair Technologies Used in
Enormously Harsh Space for the Realization of Coke-Oven Restoring,” IIR Case Study CASE#10-05,
July 2010(12) Aoshima, Yaichi, Young-Jae Koh and Tatsuya Kubota, “NEC: Development of Novel Materials for
ArF Resist Achieving the Mass-Production of Advanced LSIs,” IIR Case Study CASE#10-04, May
2010(13) Miki, Tomono, Atsushi Tsumita and Yaichi Aoshima, “NHK, Victor Company of Japan:
Development of Radio and Television Receiver with Functions of Speech Rate Conversion
Technology,” IIR Case Study CASE#10-03, April 201011

Working Papers
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Business Case Series (in Japanese)(1) Aoshima, Yaichi and Tatsuya Kubota, “An Influence of Organizational Positioning of R&D Activity
on Innovation Process: A Comparative Analysis of ArF Resist Materials Development,” IIR Working
Paper WP#11-06, April 2011
(2) Kubota, Tatsuya, Yaichi Aoshima and Youngjae Koh, “Influence that Distance from the Divisional
Environment has on the Innovation Process: A Comparative Analysis of ArF Resist Materials
Development,” IIR Working Paper WP#11-04, March 2011
(3) Fujiwara, Masatohi, Tomono Miki and Yaichi Aoshima, “Toray Industries: Development of theReverse Osmosis Membrane Business,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 59, No. 1, June 2011, pp.
150-167
Conference Papers, Presentations(1) Koh, Youngjae and Tomono Miki, “Technology Innovations and Customer ’s Knowledge
Accumulations,” proceedings of PICMET ’11 Conference, 2011 July(2) Kosaka, Genjiro, “Individual-level and Group-level Skill Diversity as a Driver of Innovation: A
Multi-level Analysis of the Ceramic Capacitor Industry,” paper presented at European Group ofOrganization Studies Pre-Colloquium Post-Doctoral and Early Career Scholars Workshop, University
of Gothenburg, Sweden, July 2011
(3) Aoshima, Yaichi and Tatsuya Kubota, “An Influence of Organizational Positioning of R&D Activity
on Innovation Process: A Comparative Analysis of ArF Resist Materials Development,” proceedingsof the R&D Management Conference 2011, June 27-30, 2011, Norrköping, Sweden, presented at the
R&D Management Conference 2011, Sweden(4) Koh, Youngjae and Tomono Miki, “Two Kinds of Core Technologies,” proceedings of AJBS
Conference 2011, June 2011(5) Miki, Tomono and Atsushi Tsumita, “Can Public Laboratory Make Innovation Happen?,” proceedingsof The R&D Management Conference 2011, June 2011
(6) Kosaka, Genjiro, “Skill Diversity, Network of Engineers, and Innovation: An Exploratory Case
Analysis of the Ceramic Capacitor Industry,” paper presented at The Association of JapaneseBusiness Studies Paper Development Workshop, Nagoya, June 2011
(7) Fujiwara, Masatoshi and Atsushi Tsumita, “How Do Traditional Family Firms Integrate New
Technologies?: From a Comparative Study on Two Japanese Family Firms,” 7th Workshop on FamilyFirms Management Research, May 28, 2011, Witten, Germany(8) Kubota, Tatsuya, Yaichi Aoshima and Youngjae Koh, “Influence that Distance from the Divisional
Environment has on the Innovation Process,” proceedings of Second Asia-Pacific Innovation
Conference, May 3-4, 2011, Singapore(9) Shimizu, Hiroshi and Satoshi Kudo, “How Well Does Knowledge Travel? The Transition fromEnergy to Commercial Application of Laser Diode Fabrication Technology,” presented at theBusiness History Conference 2011 Annual Meeting, March 31-April 2, 2011, Missouri, USA

12

■ Industry-Academia-Government Collaboration Project on CO2 Reduction and Innovation
1. Outline of Research
How to reduce GHG (Green House Gas) without sacrificing the industry competitiveness is one of themost urgent and important issues. This research project is to scrutinize how to create technologicalinnovation that enables both the industry competitiveness and the global environmental responsibility.
Research meetings entitled “CO2 reducing innovation research meeting” with guest speakers and regularparticipants from universities, industries and government institutions were periodically held to discuss thisissue.
2. Time Period
FY2009-present
3. Members
Seiichiro Yonekura*, Yaichi Aoshima, Hiroshi Shimizu
4. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2010-Y2011
The first international symposium, “Sustainable Growth and Asian Energy Policy,” was held on March 27
in 2012 at Sano-shoin of Hitotsubashi University by inviting several speakers from Asian countries.
Reports that describe discussion at “CO2 reducing innovation research meetings” are disclosed in thefollowing website.
http://magicc.iir.hit-u.ac.jp
Articles (In Japanese)(1) Kaneko, Shozo, “Greenhouse Gas Reduction: "Mamizu Policy"―A Powerful Driving Force for theInnovation of Japan,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 58, No. 1, June 2010, pp. 22-44(2) Iida, Tetsunari, “Japan Needs Energy and Environmental Policy Innovation,” Hitotsubashi Business
Review, Vol. 58, No. 1, June 2010, pp. 58-72

13

■ Project on Networks and Innovations
1. Outline of Research
Given a growing concern for how networks help mobilize resources more flexibly than traditional
hierarchies in today’s rapidly changing environments and how social capital can be usefully mobilized
to sustain such resource allocation, this research focuses on identifying and analyzing the underlying
determinants of successful institutional arrangements of organization and networking at two levelsof analysis. First, at the organizational level we examine in some detail the emergent experiments ofintroducing cross-functional teams to defense systems development in the current context of defense
procurement reforms among allies. Second, we investigate the emerging networking patterns ofChinese entrepreneurs from Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, whose striking economic success has been
widely recognized, in comparison with their counterparts from several locales from Fujian Province. In
particular, we examine the extent to which Wenzhounese entrepreneurs’ rapid rewiring patterns of theirlinks with various transnational locales is related to their success in the light of small-world network
theory that accommodates both local cohesiveness (high clustering coefficient) and efficient network
information transmission (short path length). As in previous years we will continue to conduct ourcomparative field research in Japan, China, and Europe and will publish preliminary research results inthe forms of working papers and articles in the media.
2. Time Period
FY2004-present
3. Members
Toshihiro Nishiguchi*, Motoko Tsujita (Ryukoku University)
4. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2010-FY2011
We conducted extensive field research on the Chinese diaspora and returnees worldwide.
Publication and Papers (In Japanese)(1) Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, Coco Chanel’s Network Strategy, Tokyo: Shodensha, October 2011, 253 pages(2) Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “How to Make Your Organization Fresher,” Kakehashi, Industrial Employment
Stabilization Center of Japan, May 2012, pp. 4-8(3) Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “Rewiring in Your Firm: Creating New Values from the Top Down,” Works,
RECRUIT Works Institute, February-March 2012, pp. 30-31(4) Nishiguchi, Toshihiro and Takahiro Morimitsu, “Target Costing and Applicability of Cross-functional
Teams in Government Procurement,” Financial Review, Policy Research Institute of Ministry of
Finance, No. 104, February 2011, pp. 77-104(5) Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “Network Thinking and Practice,” Communication Seed, Keidanren Jigyo
Service, April-July 201014

Working Papers(6) Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, Jiang Hong Xiang and Motoko Tsujita, “Wenzhounese Firms after the Lehman
Shock: the Wenzhou Model Revisited,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-06, March 2012
(7) Tsujita, Motoko and Toshihiro Nishiguchi, “Fujian Networks and Social Capital with Particular
Reference to Fuqing Immigrants in Japan,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-05, March 2012(8) Nishiguchi, Toshihiro and Motoko Tsujita, “Wenzhounese Entrepreneurs’ Way to Success: The
Appropriation of Networks and Social Capital,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-03, March 2012(9) Nishiguchi, Toshihiro and Satoru Oguchi, “Today’s Oral History: Mr. Jun’ichi Endo, Who Became
Nissan's Youngest Managing Director from within, Talks about CEO Ghosn’s Reform and the
Efficacy of Cross-functional Teams,” IIR Working Paper WP#11-10, November 2011
Research Reports(10)“A Study of the Economic Procurement Model Addressing the Issues of Growing Competitive
Bidding in Japanese Defense Procurement Reforms,” Defense Procurement Structure Improvement
Foundation (Research Project Leader: Toshihiro Nishiguchi), March 2012(11)“A Study on the CPT Realization in Japanese Defense Procurement Reforms,” Defense Procurement
Structure Improvement Foundation (Research Project Leader: Toshihiro Nishiguchi), March 2011
Presentation(12)Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “Enlivening Your Organization by Rewiring,” Ministry of Defense, Joint Staff
Office, Study Group of Joint Signal Corps, February 10, 2012, Tokyo (Invited Speech)15

■ Open Innovation
1. Outline of Research
What is “Open Innovation” and how Japanese firms can develop competitive advantage out of it? In
the past, economics and management studies have also considered the phenomenon of open innovationin relation to “make-or-buy”. However, open innovation does not simply consist of "make-or-buy".
What is important is creating a system ensuring that openness leads to strong business performance.
Open innovation is a new notion, and still needs conceptual adjustments. However, this research project
did not stick strongly to the discussion of open innovation definition. Its objective was to consider
actual company initiatives, as well as their results and the challenges they pose, from the standpointof innovation management. This research project explored these points through the discussions withchief technology officers of industries. It was funded by DSM Japan and has been jointly run with the
Collaboration in New Product Development project.
2. Time Period
FY2011-2012
3. Members
Seiichiro Yonekura*, Hiroshi Shimizu, Yusuke Hoshino (Musashino University), Kazuhisa Kawai(Okayama Shoka University), Takashi Hirao (Tokyo University of Science, Suwa), Kunio Miyazaki(University of Shizuoka), Shiaw Ja Eyo (Hosei University), Kenji Inayama (Meiji Gakuin University)
Ajinomoto, Amano Enzyme, Astellas Pharma, Booz & Company, Bridgestone, The Chemical Daily,
Nikkan Jidosha Shimbun, Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun, Development Bank of Japan, DSP Gokyo Food &Chemical, Sumi-Eagle, Food Chemical News, Fujifilm, Goldman Sachs, TBWA/Hakuhodo, Innovation
Network Corporation of Japan, Iseki Industry, Nippon Formula Feed Manufacturing, JSR, JX Nippon Oil& Energy, Kao Corporation, Kemin Industries, Kirin Kyowa Foods, Kongo Yakuhin, Kuroda Electric,
Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Marubeni, Megmilk Snow Brand, Meiji Gakuin
University, Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corporation, Mitsubishi Corporation, National Syouji, NEC
Corporation, Netherlands Press in Japan, Embassy of Netherlands in Japan, Nichia Corporation, Nichirei
Foods, NineSigma Japan, Nippon Suisan Kaisha, ZENOAQ, Nissan, Nisshin Seifun Group, Okayama
Shoka University, Oriental Yeast, Osaka Gas, LONZA Japan, San-Ei Gen F.F.I, Shiseido, University of
Shizuoka, Taiyo Chemical Industry, Teijin, University of Tokyo, Tokyo University of Science, Suwa,
Toray Industries, Toyobo, Toyota Motor Corporation, Unitec Foods, Unitika, Yakult, Fancl Corporation,
GE Japan, Philips Electronics Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, 360ip, United BusinessMedia, Health Business Magazine, Weber Shandwick, Hirofumi Suzuki's Office, DSM Japan, DSM Japan
Engineering Plastics, DSM Nutrition Japan
4. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2010-FY2011
This research project formed a research consortium and held nine intensive workshops from 2011 to 2012.
In 2012, Hitotsubashi Business Review released a themed issue on “Open-Innovation” jointly with the
Collaboration in New Product Development project. In this issue, the following papers were published fromthe research project.

1Articles (In Japanese)(1) Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Logic behind Open Innovation: Technology, Market and Organization,”
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, September 2012, pp. 6-15
(2) Shimizu, Hiroshi and Yusuke Hoshino, “Open Innovation Management: Exploration for New
Combination and Knowledge Management,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2,
September 2012, pp. 28-41(3) Kawai, Kazuhisa, “Salaried Entrepreneurs and the Internalization of Technology Market: A Case
Study on Open Innovation by Osaka Gas,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, September
2012, pp. 56-71(4) Hoshino, Yusuke, “Development and Industrialization through Collaboration: Case of Dyneema,”
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, September 2012, pp. 72-85
Case Study
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Business Case Series (In Japanese)(5) Hirao, Takashi and Yusuke Hoshino, “Business Case: Ajinomoto,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol.
60, No. 2, September 2012, pp. 102-117

1

■ Collaboration in New Product Development
1. Outline of ResearchThis project explores inter-organizational collaboration in new product development. Firms traditionallyorganized research and development (R&D) internally and relied on outside research for only relatively
simple functions or products. However, as technology has become more complex and has progressed,
breakthroughs demand a range of intellectual and scientific skills that far exceed the capabilities ofany single organization. It has become quite difficult if not impossible for a firm to internalize all the
resources needed for in-house R&D. This research project focuses on inter-organizational collaborative
R&D in new product development. By scrutinizing cases, it aims to explore knowledge management andR&D strategy in the collaboration and these impacts on the performance of new product development.

2. Time Period
FY2010-present
3. Members
Seiichiro Yonekura*, Hiroshi Shimizu, Minoru Shimamoto, Yusuke Hoshino (Musashino University),
Kazuhisa Kawai (Okayama Shoka University), Takashi Hirao (Tokyo University of Science, Suwa),
Kunio Miyazaki (University of Shizuoka), Choi Eugine (Ritsumeikan University)
4. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2011
This research project has held four workshops since 2010. In 2012, Hitotsubashi Business Review
released a themed issue on “Open-Innovation” jointly with the project of “Open-Innovation”. In thisissue, the following papers were published from the research project.
Articles (In Japanese)(1) Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Logic behind Open Innovation: Technology, Market and Organization,”
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, September 2012, pp. 6-15
(2) Shimizu, Hiroshi and Yusuke Hoshino, “Open Innovation Management: Exploration for New
Combination and Knowledge Management,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2,
September 2012, pp. 28-41(3) Kawai, Kazuhisa, “Salaried Entreprenuers and the Internalization of Technology Market: A Case
Study on Open Innovation by Osaka Gas,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, September
2012, pp. 56-71(4) Hoshino, Yusuke, “Development and Industrialization through Collaboration: Case of Dyneema,”
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, September 2012, pp. 72-85
Case Study
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Business Case Series (In Japanese)(5) Hirao, Takashi and Yusuke Hoshino, “Business Case / Ajinomoto: the Entry into a BOP Market
Targeting for Nutrition Improvement,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 2, August 2012,
pp. 102-117

1

■ Magicc: Micro Analysis on Green Innovation and Corporate Competitiveness1. Outline of Research
Former Democratic Party of Japan Prime Minister Hatoyama’s declaration at the Copenhagen Summit ofJapan’s intention to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) by 25% by 2020 compared with 1990 is still a fresh
memory. On the other hand, the Great East Japan Earthquake resulting in the accident at the Fukushima
Nuclear Power Station, raised a question for the construction of new nuclear plants, and even for thecontinued use of existing facilities. Japan currently is confronted with three serious issues, in terms of its“energy problem (stable energy supply),” “environmental problem (reduction of greenhouse gases)” and“industrial problem (long-term economic development)”. The situation is like a complex simultaneous
equation that at first glance appears to have no solution. Magicc is a research project aimed at solving thiscomplex equation from the micro-perspective of management scholars by conducting in-depth fieldworks.

2. Time Period
FY2011-present
3. Members
Yaichi Aoshima*, Hiroshi Shimizu, Yukiko Fujii, Naohiko Wakutsu, Yasushi Saito (Seinan Gakuin
University), Masatoshi Fujiwara (Kyoto Sangyo University), Kazunari Matsushima (The University ofTokushima), Youngjae Koh (Konan University), Tomono Miki (Rikkyo University) and Atsushi Tsumita(Musashino University)
4. Research Activities and Outputs during FY2010-FY2011
A part of our research activities as well as reports of research meetings are disclosed in the following
website (in Japanese).
http://magicc.iir.hit-u.ac.jp
Articles(1) Aoshima, Yaichi, Kazunari Matsushima, Manabu Eto, “Effects of Government Funding on R&D
Performance Leading to Commercialization,” International Journal of Environment and Sustainable
Development, forthcoming(2) Wakutsu, Naohiko “Long-Term Effect of Emissions Trading on Green R&D,” proceedings of the 12th
Science Council of Asia International Symposium, Borgor, Indonesia, July 11, 20121

I. Research Activities

3. Conferences — Apr. 2010 ~ Mar. 2012
■ International Workshop on Measuring and Managing Innovation
March 16, 2012 at Kasumigaseki Knowledge Square, Tokyo
Organized by
IIR
Co-organized by
National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP)
Supported by
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO)
Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, and Japan Bioindustry AssociationsFirst Keynote Speech
Chair: Akira Goto, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies“Patent Inventing and Scientific Discovery Co-evolution in High Technology”
Lynne Zucker, UCLA and NBER
(Comment) Reiko Aoki, Hitotsubashi University and the Council of Science and Technology Policy
Session on Scientific Discovery Process in the US and Japan
Chair: Hiroyuki Okamuro, Hitotsubashi University(1) “Research in ‘Pasteur Quadrant’: How It Is Important and How It Matters?”
Sadao Nagaoka, IIR(2) “Management of Science, Serendipity, and Research Performance: Evidence from Scientists' Survey
in the US and Japan”
Hiroshi Shimizu, IIR(Comment) Michael Darby, UCLA and NBER
Chair: Shinichi Akaike, IIR(3) “Impacts of the Research Team Organization and Funding on Knowledge Creation in Science”
Masatsura Igami, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP)(4) “Commercialization Process of Scientific Discovery”
John Walsh, Georgia Institute of Technology(Comment) Lynne Zucker, UCLA and NBER
Second Keynote Speech
Chair: Sadao Nagaoka, IIR“Medical Innovation, Longevity Increase, and Economic Growth”
Frank Lichtenberg, Columbia University and NBER
(Comment) Hiroshi Ohashi, University of Tokyo
Bio Startup and Pharmaceutical Innovation Session
Chair: Hiroyuki Chuma, IIR(1) “Entry and Growth Process of Japanese Biotech Firms: Lessons from the Past Decades”
Yuji Honjo, Chuo University(2) “Tracking the Growth Process of the Listed Bio Startups of the US and Japan: Capital Constraints vs.
Seeds”
Junichi Nishimura, IIR(Comment) Frank Lichtenberg, Columbia University and NBER

20

■ Japan-US Workshop on Knowledge Production Process in Science
June 23, 2011 at Conference Room of the MEXT, Kasumigaseki, Tokyo
Organized by
IIR
National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT)
Supported by
National Science Foundation (NSF)

Objective
The main objective is to present the results of the large scale surveys on the knowledge production
process in science in the US and Japan and to understand the commonality and difference of the results
and to draw implications on research and policy.
Opening Remarks
Terutaka Kuwahara, Director General, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy
Anne Emig, Director of the Tokyo Office, National Science Foundation
Part 1 Keynote Speech
Chair: Shinichi Akaike, IIR“How Economics Shapes Science”
Paula Stephan, Georgia State University and NBER
Part 2 Presentations of Key Findings from the Surveys in the US and Japan
Chair: Reiko Aoki, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University and CSTP
1. Knowledge Production Process
Sadao Nagaoka, IIR
2. Collaboration, Research Team and Funding
Masatsura Igami, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy
3. Commercialization of Scientific Discovery
John Walsh, Georgia Institute of Technology
Comments on the Survey Results
David Mowery, Haas School of Business, University of California at Berkeley
Part 3. Panel Discussions on the Implications of the Surveys and on the Research Agenda for“Science of Science & Innovation Policy”
Chair: Sadao Nagaoka, IIR
Leading Remarks
Julia Lane, Program Director, Science of Science and Innovation Policy, National Science Foundation
Comments by Panelists
Paula Stephan, Georgia State University and NBER
Terutaka Kuwahara, Director General, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy

21

Shinichi Akaike, IIR
Reiko Aoki, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University and CSTP
David Mowery, Haas School of Business, University of California at Berkeley
Anne Emig, Director of the Tokyo Office, National Science Foundation22

■ Program for Second Asia - Pacific Innovation Conference
May 3-4, 2011 at National University of Singapore
Organized by
IIR
National University of Singapore
Supported by
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)The Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI))
Local Organizers
Ivan Png, National University of Singapore
Sadao Nagaoka, Hitotsubashi University
Reiko Aoki, Hitotsubashi University
Poh Kam Wong, NUS Business School
Day 1: May 3rd 2011
REGISTRATION
Conference opening
Ivan Png, National University of Singapore
Sadao Nagaoka, Hitotsubashi University and RIETI
Carsten Fink, Chief Economist of the WIPO
KEYNOTE SPEECH 1
Chair: Makoto Nirei, Hitotsubashi University-Innovation and productivity
Bronwyn Hall, UC Berkeley and Maastricht University
KEYNOTE SPEECH 2
Chair: Ivan Png, National University of Singapore-Preemptive Duplication in Complementary R&D Project
Jay Choi*, University of New South Wales and Michigan State University
PARALLEL SESSION 1
P.1.1 Special Session: University Technology Transfer (sponsored by WIPO)
P.1.2 Contributed Session: R&D Competition 1
P.1.3 Contributed Session: Management of Technology
KEYNOTE SPEECH 3
Chair: Sadao Nagaoka, Hitotsubashi University-Patent system reform
Carsten Fink, Chief Economist of the WIPO
KEYNOTE SPEECH 4
Chair: Reiko Aoki, Hitotsubashi University-Network Dynamics: Theory and Evidence
Luis Cabral*, IESE Business School
PARALLEL SESSION 2
P.2.1 Invited Session: Standards, Patent Pools and Innovation
P.2.2 Contributed Session: Science, University Research and University Industry
P.2.3 Contributed Session: Patent and Policy

23

PARALLEL SESSION 3
P.3.1 Invited Session: Trade Secrets and Incentive
P.3.2 Contributed Session: Complexity and Spillovers
P.3.3 Contributed Session: Financing and Commercialization
Day 2: May 4th 2011
KEYNOTE SPEECH 5
Chair: Reiko Aoki, Hitotsubashi University-Private Agreements for Coordinating Patent Rights: The Case of Patent Pools
Nancy Gallini*, University of British Columbia
PARALLEL SESSION 4
P.4.1 Invited Session: Knowledge, Innovation and Catch-up
P.4.2 Contributed Session: Sectoral Innovation and Industry Evolution
P.4.3 Contributed Session: Patents and Administration
PARALLEL SESSION 5
P.5.1 Contribution Session: National Innovation Performance 1
P.5.2 Contributed Session : R&D and Patent
P.5.3 Contributed Session: Inventors and Scientists 1
PARALLEL SESSION 6
P.6.1 Invited session: Inventors and Invention Process
P.6.2 Contributed Session : Copyright, and Trademark
P.6.3 Contributed Session : National Innovation Performance 2
PARALLEL SESSION 7
P.7.1 Invited Session: IPR Law Design
P.7.2 Contributed Session : Technology transfer and co-creation
P.7.3 Contributed Session: R&D Competition 2
Adjourn
Background
The first Asia Pacific Region Innovation Conference was held in Melbourne in January 2010. Givena rapidly growing number of scholars in the Asia‐Pacific region interested in innovation issues,
we envisage that we will host such conferences regularly, rotating among Asia‐Pacific countries.
Participating institutions include:-The Intellectual Property Research Institute of Australia (IPRIA), University of Melbourne-Institute of Innovation Research and Center for Intergenerational Studies (Institute of Economic
Research), Hitotsubashi University, Japan-Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan-NUS Business School, National University of Singapore-IP Academy, Singapore-University of Auckland Business School-New Zealand Centre of International Economic Law (NZCIEL)-College of Social Sciences, National Taiwan University-Seoul National University-Center for Economic Catch-up, KOREA-School of Management, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science-Intellectual Property Law Center, Drake University Law School-World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)

24

■ Hitotsubashi University & Kwansei Gakuin University

Osaka Workshop on Entrepreneurship and Innovation

December 11-12, 2010 at Hankyu Terminal Square 17, Osaka, Japan
Organized by
IIR
Kwansei Gakuin University
Supported by
Research Project "Empirical Studies on Entry and Industrial Dynamics in Regions",
Hitotsubashi University
Center for Research on Contemporary Economic Systems, Hitotsubashi University
Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
Center for Economic Institutions, Hitotsubashi University
JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (No. 20243018)
JSPS Grant-in Aid for Young Scientists (B) (No. 2173186)
Co-organized by
Okamuro, Hiroyuki, Graduate School of Economics, Hitotsubashi University
Kato, Masatoshi, School of Economics, Kwansei Gakuin University / Institute of Economic
Research, Hitotsubashi University

December 11th
Opening Remarks
Session 1
Chaired by Hiroyuki Okamuro (Hitotsubashi University)
Speaker: Erik Stam (Utrecht University, the Netherlands)“Gazelles, Industry Growth and Structural Change” (with J. W. B. Bos)
Discussant: Atsushi Ohyama (Hokkaido University)
Speaker: Serguey Braguinsky (Carnegie Mellon University, US)“Science-based Business: Knowledge Capital or Entrepreneurial Ability? Theory
and Evidence from a Survey of Biotechnology Start-ups” (with Y. Honjo,
S. Nagaoka, and K. Nakamura)
Discussant: Noriyuki Doi (Kwansei Gakuin University)
Session 2
Chaired by Nobuya Fukugawa (Tohoku University)
Speaker: Ryuichiro Tsuchiya (Ritsumeikan Asia-Pacific University)“Firm Size and Business Startup Reasons of Japanese Workers”
Speaker: Masatoshi Kato & Hiroyuki Okamuro (Kwansei Gakuin University; Hitotsubashi University)“What Explains Innovative Outcomes at Start-up Stage?” (with Yuji Honjo)

25

December 12th:
Session 3
Chaired by Yuji Honjo (Chuo University)
Speaker: Dirk Czarnitzki (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium)“The contribution of corporate ventures to radical innovation” (with J. M. H. Dick
and K. Hussinger)
Discussant: Hiroyuki Odagiri (Seijo University)
Speaker: Luca Grilli (Politecnico di Milano, Italy)“On the impact of venture capital financing on the growth of high-tech start-ups:
separating treatment from selection effects” (with F. Bertoni and M. G. Colombo)
Discussant: Yuji Honjo
Session 4
Chaired by Masatoshi Kato
Speaker: Youngkwan Kwon (Seoul National University, Korea)“The effects of technology acquisitions on the innovation performance of startups”
Discussant: Koichiro Okamura (Kwansei Gakuin University)
Speaker: Sadao Nagaoka (Hitotsubashi University)“Knowledge creation process in science: initial findings from the scientists survey
in Japan” (with M. Igami, M. Eto, and T. Ijichi)
Closing Remark

26

■ Workshop on Knowledge Creation Process in Science: Basic Findings
from a Large-scale Survey of Researchers in Japan

Octorber 4, 2010 at Kasumigaseki Bldg. 10F, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
Organized by
IIR
National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP),
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

PROGRAM
Opening Remarks:
Terutaka Kuwahara, Director General, NISTEPPart 1: Overview of the Survey
Chair: Makoto Nirei, IIR[1] “The Survey Method” Masatsura Igami, NISTEP[2] “Research Management” Sadao Nagaoka, IIR[3] “Research Team and Funds” Tomohiro Ijichi, Seijo University[4] “Outputs and Impacts of the Research” Manabu Eto, IIR
Q&A

Part 2: Implications of Major Findings on Research on Research and on Science Policy(Panel Discussion)
Chair: Sadao Nagaoka, IIR
Comment:
Reiko Aoki, Hitotsubashi University
Terutaka Kuwahara, NISTEP
Hideo Owan, The University of Tokyo
Katsunori Wakabayashi, National Institute for Materials Science

27

28

II. Researchers29II. Researchers

1. Full-time Researchers

Profiles & List of Research Achievements — Apr. 2010 ~ Sep. 2012
Shinichi Akaike■ Education
2008
2000
1992

Ph.D. (Industrial Technology and Management), Tokyo Institute of Technology
Master of Science (Science and Technology Policy), University of Sussex
Master of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo

1990

Bachelor of Agriculture, University of Tokyo■ Professional Positions
2011
2009
2008

2008
2007
2006
2005
2002
2001

Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
Assistant to Deputy Director-General and Fellow, Center for Research andDevelopment Strategy, Japan Science and Technology Agency
Director for International Exchange Promotion, Science and Technology
International Affairs Division, Science and Technology Policy Bureau,
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
Deputy Director, the same division above
Childcare Leave
Deputy-Director, Personnel Division, Minister's Secretariat, MEXT
Deputy-Director, Atomic Energy Division, Science and Technology Policy
Bureau, Cabinet OfficeFirst Secretary (Science Attache), Embassy of Japan in Sweden
Deputy Director, International Science and Technology Affairs Division, Scienceand Technology Policy Bureau, MEXT

■ Research Achievements
1. Conference Papers, Presentations
Akaike, Shinichi, “ ‘Science of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy’ Program,”presented at Seminar of OECD/DSTI, August 31, 2011, Paris, France
Akaike, Shinichi, “Japan’s ‘Science of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy’
Program and Development of Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators,”presented at the Workshop on Developing Science, Technology and Innovation
Indicators for the Future, July 11, 2011, Washington, USA (Invited Speech)(In Japanese)
Akaike, Shinichi and Kenichi Fujita, “How to Measure Impact of Science, Technology
and Innovation Policy,” presented at the 26th Annual Meeting of The Japan Society
for Science Policy and Research Management, October 15, 2011, Yamaguchi
University
Akaike, Shinichi, Yaichi Aoshima and Sadao Nagaoka, “Development of Communities
and Human Resources for ‘Science of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy’,”presented at the 26th Annual Meeting of The Japan Society for Science Policy andResearch Management, October 12, 2011, Yamaguchi University

30

Yaichi Aoshima■ Education
1996

Ph.D. (Management), Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology

1989
1987

M.C. (Business Administration), Hitotsubashi University
B.C. (Commerce), Hitotsubashi University■ Professional Positions
2012~ Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1999 Associate Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1997 Assistant Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1996 Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Books(In Japanese)
Takeishi, Akira, Yaichi Aoshima and Masaru Karube, Reasons for Innovation: Creating
Legitimacy for Resource Mobilization, Tokyo: Yuhikaku, March 2012, 506 pages
Aoshima, Yaichi, Akira Takeishi and Michael A. Cusumano, eds., End of “Made inJapan”?, Tokyo: Toyokeizaishimposha, August 2010, 374 pages

1.2. Articles and Chapters in Books
Aoshima, Yaichi, Kazunari Matsushima and Manabu Eto, “Effects of Government
Funding on R&D Performance Leading to Commercialization,” International
Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, forthcoming
Takeda, Yoko, Yaichi Aoshima and Kentaro Nobeoka, “The Importance of Technology
Integration Capabilities: Evaluating the Impact on 3D Technologies on ProductDevelopment Performance in Japan and China,” International Journal of ProductDevelopment, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2012, pp. 26-44
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Technological Progress Driven by Performance Illusion: Digital Still
Camera Industry,” in Aoshima, Yaichi, Akira Takeishi and Michael A. Cusumano
eds., End of “Made in Japan”?, Tokyo: Toyokeizaishimposha, August 2010, Chap.
3, pp. 93-144
Aoshima, Yaichi and Akira Takeishi, “Threat of the New Industrial System Brought by
Technological Progress,” ibid., Chap. 8, pp. 294-323
Aoshima, Yaichi and Akira Takeishi, “Alternatives Given to Japanese Companies,” ibid.,
Chap. 9, pp. 324-342

31

(In Japanese)
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Balancing Environment, Energy, and Industry Competitiveness:
Importance of the Micro-level Analysis,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 59, No.
4, March 2012, pp. 78-96
Aoshima, Yaichi and Makoto Kitamura, “Seiko Epson: an Inkjet Printer that Produces
High-Resolution Text and Images,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 59, No. 3,
December 2011, pp. 134-156
Fujiwara, Masatoshi, Tomono Miki and Yaichi Aoshima, “Toray Industries: Developmentof the Reverse Osmosis Membrane Business,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol.
59, No. 1, June 2011, pp. 150-167
Aoshima, Yaichi, Kazunari Matsushima and Manabu Eto, “Commercialization ofGovernment Funded R&D: Follow-up Research Survey on NEDO Research
Projects,” in Center for Japanese Business Studies of Hitotsubashi University, ed.,Frontier of Japanese Business Studies 7, Tokyo: Yuhikaku, 2011, Chap. 7, pp. 73-87
Yonekura, Seiichiro, Kentaro Nobeoka and Yaichi Aoshima, “No More Lost Decade forJapan: How to Revitalize Her Competitiveness,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol.
58, No. 2, September 2010, pp. 12-31
Takeishi, Akira, Yaichi Aoshima, Masaru Karube, Kazuyuki Motohashi, andTomohiro Ijichi, “Status of the Two Major Japanese Industries: Positions andPerformance of Automobile and Electronics Industries,” in Aoshima, Yaichi, Akira
Takeishi, and Michael A. Cusumano, eds., End of “Made in Japan”?, Tokyo:
Toyokeizaishimposha, August 2010, Chap. 2, pp. 68-92
1.3. Others
Aoshima, Yaichi, “To the Memory of Steve Jobs: Committing to the Product without
Being Trapped by It,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 59, No. 3, December 2011,
pp. 111-113
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Aoshima Yaichi and Tomono Miki, “Possibilities of Geothermal Power Generation in
Japan: Notes from an Iceland Field Study,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-11, February
2012
Aoshima, Yaichi and Tatsuya Kubota, “An Influence of Organizational Positioningof R&D Activity on Innovation Process: A Comparative Analysis of ArF Resist
Materials Development,” IIR Working Paper WP#11-06, April 2011
Kubota, Tatsuya, Yaichi Aoshima and Youngjae Koh, “Influence that Distance from theDivisional Environment has on the Innovation Process: A Comparative Analysis of
ArF Resist Materials Development,” IIR Working Paper WP#11-04, March 2011
Aoshima, Yaichi, Kazunari Matsushima and Manabu Eto, “Commercialization ofGovernment Funded R&D: Follow-up Research Survey on NEDO Research
Projects,” IIR Working Paper WP#11-02, February 201132

Takeda, Yoko,Yaichi Aoshima and Kentaro Nobeoka, “Capabilities of Technology
Utilization and Technology Integration: Impact of 3D Technologies on ProductDevelopment Process and Performance in Japan and China,” IIR Working Paper
WP#10-02, June 2010
(In Japanese)
Fujiwara, Masatoshi, Yaichi Aoshima and Tomono Miki, “Development of the Polyamide
Composite Reverse Osmosis Membrane and Reverse Osmosis Membrane System: A
Case Study of Toray Industries, Inc.,” IIR Case Study CASE#12-08, December 2010
Kubota, Tatsuya and Yaichi Aoshima, “Yokogawa Electric: Development and Applicationof High Speed Confocal Microscopy,” IIR Case Study CASE#10-06, July 2010
Aoshima, Yaichi and Izumi Okubo, “Nippon Steel: A Diagnose and Repair Technologies
Used in Enormously Harsh Space for the Realization of Coke-Oven Restoring,” IIR
Case Study CASE#10-05, July 2010
Aoshima, Yaichi, Youngjae Koh and Tatsuya Kubota, “NEC: Development of Novel
Materials for ArF Resist Achieving the Mass-Production of Advanced LSIs,” IIR
Case Study CASE#10-04, May 2010
Miki, Tomono, Atsushi Tsumita and Yaichi Aoshima, “NHK STRL・NHK Engineering
Service・JVC: Development of Radio and TV Equipped with Speech Rate
Converter,” IIR Case Study Case#10-03, April 2010
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Balancing Energy Supply, GHG Reduction, and Industry
Competitiveness,” presented at the International Mini-conference on Sustainable
Growth and Asian Energy Policy, hosted by IIR, March 27, 2012, Hitotsubashi
University
Wakutsu, Naohiko and Yaichi Aoshima, “Long-Term Effect of Emissions Trading on
Green R&D,” presented at the International Mini-conference on Sustainable Growthand Asian Energy Policy, hosted by IIR, March 27, 2012, Hitotsubashi University
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Innovation that Achieves GHG Reduction, Stable Energy Supply, andEconomic Growth: Potential of the Geothermal Energy,” presented at Nordic Green
Japan, Green Tech Conference and Exhibition, November 7-8, 2011, Tokyo
Aoshima, Yaichi and Kazunari Matsushima, “Commercialization of Government Funded
R&D: Follow-up Research Survey on NEDO Research Project,” presented at
PICMET ’11 Conference, July 31-August 3, 2011, Portland, USA
Aoshima, Yaichi and Tatsuya Kubota, “An Influence of Organizational Positioningof R&D Activity on Innovation Process: A Comparative Analysis of ArF Resist
Materials Development,” presentd at the R&D Management Conference 2011,
organized by Linköpling University, June 27-30, 2011, Norshoping, Sweden
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Influence that Distance from the Divisional Environment hason the Innovation Process―A Comparative Analysis of ArF Resist Materials
Development,” presented at the Second Asia-Pacific Innovation Conference, May
3-4, 2011, Singapore

33

Aoshima, Yaichi, “The End of ‘Made in Japan’?,” Korean Academy of Management,
April 23, 2011, Seoul, Korea(In Japanese)
Aoshima, Yaichi and Kazunari Matsushima, “Management and Performance ofGovernment-funded R&D Projects,” presented at the Industry-AcademiaGovernment Collaboration Workshop on Measuring and Managing Innovation,
hosted by IIR, March 17, 2012, Hitotsubashi University
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Mobilizing Resources in the Innovation Process: Some Implications
to Innovation Policy,” presented at Policy Seminar, January 12, 2012, Center for
Research and Development Strategy of Japan Science and Technology Agency,
Tokyo
Aoshima, Yaichi, “Balancing Environment, Energy Supply, and Economic Growth:
Industry Development for Solving a Complex Equation,” Shizuoka Asia-Pacific
Forum, November 26-27, 2011, Shizuoka
Aoshima, Yaichi and Kazunari Matsushima, “Spillover Effects of Government-Funded
R&D: A Follow-up Survey for Projects Supported by NEDO, ” presented at the 26th
Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Science Policy and Research Management,
October 16, 2011, Yamaguchi University
Amikura, Hisanaga and Yaichi Aoshima, “Quantification of Mutual Learning between
Makers and Users by Utilizing the Content Analysis and the Hedonic Regression,”presented at the 2011 Conference of the Academic Association for Organizational
Science, June 3, 2011, Keio University, Kanagawa

34

Hiroyuki Chuma■ Education
1984
1975

Ph.D. (Economics), State University of New York at Buffalo
B.A. (Economics), Hitotsubashi University■ Professional Positions
2009~ Committee Member, Expert Panel on Evaluation, Council for Science andTechnology Policy
2009 Committee Member, Expert Panel on Basic Policy Promotion, Council for
Science and Technology Policy (~2011)2004 Affiliated Senior Fellow, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy,
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (~2007)
2000 Faculty Fellow, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (~2010)
2000 Visiting Professor, Department of Economics, Yale University (~2001)
1999~ Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1993 Professor, Faculty of Economics, Hitotsubashi University
1992 Associate Professor, Faculty of Economics, Hitotsubashi University
1986 Visiting Research Fellow, Department of Economics, Yale University (~1987)
1985 Associate Professor, Faculty of Economics, Tokyo Metropolitan University
1984 Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Southern Illinois University
at Carbondale■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books
Bae, Kiu-Sik, Hiroyuki Chuma, Takao Kato, Dong-Bae Kim and Isao Ohashi, “High
Performance Work Practices and Employee Voice: A Comparison of Japanese andKorean Workers,” Industrial Relations, Vol. 50, No. 1, January 2011, pp. 1-29
(In Japanese)
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “ Searching for Main Characteristics of R&D Strategies in
Semiconductor Industry: Viewed from Social Network Analysis ,” Keizai Kenkyû
(The Economic Review), Institute of Economic Research of Hitotsubashi University,
Vol. 62, No. 3, July 2011, pp. 225-240
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “ Searching for Main Causes of International Competitiveness inScience-based Industries: Viewed from Semiconductor Industries ,” in Fujita,
Masahisa and Sadao Nagaoka, eds., Productivity and Innovation System, Tokyo:
Nippon Hyoron Sha, March 2011, Chap. 7, pp. 317-360
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “ Increasing Complexity and Agonizing Science-based Industries:
Semiconductor Industry ,” in Aoshima, Yaichi, Akira Takeishi and Michael A.
Cusumano, eds., End of “Made in Japan”?, Tokyo: Toyokeizaishimposha, August
2010, Chap. 5, pp. 176-227

35

Chuma, Hiroyuki, “What is Required for Japanese Style R&D?,” NIRA (National Institutefor Research Advancement) Policy Review, pp. 10-13, July 2010
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers(In Japanese)
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “ Searching for Main Causes of International Competitiveness in
Semiconductor Industry: Viewed from Social Network Analysis,” IIR Working Paper
WP#11-08, May 2011
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “ Searching for Main Causes of International Competitiveness inScience-based Industries: Viewed from Semiconductor Industries ,” RIETI Policy
Discussion Paper Series 10-P-015, Research Institute of Economy, Trade andIndustry, November 2010
3. Conference Papers, Presentations(In Japanese)
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “ Searching for Main Causes of International Competitiveness in
Semiconductor Industry: Viewed from the R&D System,” presented at the IndustryAcademia-Government Collaboration Workshop on Measuring and Managing
Innovation, organized by IIR, March 17, 2012, Hitotsubashi University
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “ Searching for Main Causes of International Competitiveness in
Semiconductor Industry: Viewed from Social Network Analysis ,” presented at
the 109th Regular Meeting, organized by the Planarization and CMP TechnicalCommittee, April 22, 2011, Tokyo
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “ Searching for Main Causes of International Competitiveness in
Semiconductor Industry: Viewed from Social Network Analysis,” presented at the
8th ITEC International Conference, March 6, 2011, Doshisha University, Kyoto(Invited Speech)
Chuma, Hiroyuki, “What is Required for Japanese Semiconductor R&D Strategies?,”presented at Nanoelectronics Technology Forum: Green Energy and Innovation
Creation, organized by Japan Electronic and Information Technology Industries
Association, February 17, 2011 (Keynote Speech)36

Manabu Eto■ Education
2008
1985
1983

Ph.D. (Engineering), Tohoku University
M.E. (Engineering Science), Osaka University
B.E. (Engineering Science), Osaka University■ Professional Positions
2011~ Director General, JETRO Geneva
2008 Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University (~2011)
2006~ Consulting Fellow, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry(RIETI)
2006 Director, Conformity Assessment Division, Industry Science and Technology
Policy and Environment Bureau, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industy (METI)
2004 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (~2005)
2000 Delegation of Japan to the OECD (~2004)
1995 Assistant Professor, University of Tsukuba (~1997)
1994 Visiting Scholar, University of New Mexico
1989 Science and Technology Agency (~1990)
1985 Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI)■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books
Aoshima, Yaichi, Kazunari Matsushima and Manabu Eto, “Effects of Government
Funding on R&D Performance Leading to Commercialization,” International
Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, forthcoming
Nagaoka, Sadao, Manabu Eto and Yusuke Naito, “Innovation Process as Seen fromNEDO Projects,” Keizai Kenkyu (The Economic Review), Vol. 62, No. 3, July 2011,
pp. 253-269
Eto, Manabu, “Definitions and Functions,” in Donggeun Choi & Byung-Goo Kang,eds., Standardization: Fundamentals, Impact, and Business Strategy (APEC SCSC
Education Guideline 3), Chap. 1, June 2010, pp. 3-36
Eto, Manabu, “Lifecycle, Organizations, and Development Procedures,” in Donggeun
Choi & Byung-Goo Kang, eds., Standardization: Fundamentals, Impact, andBusiness Strategy (APEC SCSC Education Guideline 3), Chap. 2, June 2010, pp.
37-55(In Japanese)
Eto, Manabu, “De Facto Standards and Forum Standards,” Jidôsha Gijutsu (Journal ofSociety of Automotive Engineers of Japan), Vol. 65, No. 5, May 2011, pp. 49-54

37

Eto, Manabu, “Intellectual Property and Standardization Strategy for Japanese Companies
to Globalize in Asia,” Chizai Kanri (Intellectual Property Management), Vol. 61, No.
4 (No. 724), April 2011, pp. 423-435
A oshima, Yaichi, Kazunari Matsushima and Manabu Eto, “Commercialization ofGovernment Funded R&D: Follow-up Research Survey on NEDO Research
Projects,” in Center for Japanese Business Studies of Hitotsubashi University, ed.,Frontier of Japanese Business Studies 7, Tokyo: Yuhikaku, 2011, Chap. 7, pp. 73-87

Eto, Manabu, “For Standardization Activities, What Do We Expect to Competition
Policy,” Kôsei Torihiki (Journal of Fair Trade Institute), No. 720, October 2010, pp.
21-26
Eto, Manabu, “How to Use Intellectual Property and Standardization under the Global
Competition Era,” Sekai Keizai Hyôron (World Economic Review), Vol. 54, No. 4,
July 2010, pp. 46-55
1.2. Others(In Japanese)
Eto, Manabu, “Business Strategy and Standardization: Focus on Human Resource
Development,” Tokkyo News (Patent News), Research Institute of Economy, Tradeand Industry, No. 12726, April 2010, pp. 26-34
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Aoshima, Yaichi, Kazunari Matsushima and Manabu Eto, “Commercialization ofGovernment Funded R&D: Follow-up Research Survey on NEDO Research
Projects,” IIR Working Paper WP#11-02, February 2011
Nagaoka, Sadao, Masatsura Igami, Manabu Eto and Tomohiro Ijichi, “Knowledge
Creation Process in Science: Basic Findings from a Large-Scale Survey of
Researchers in Japan,” IIR Working Paper WP#10-08, December 2010
(In Japanese)
Nagaoka, Sadao, Manabu Eto, Yusuke Naito and Naotoshi Tsukada, “Innovation Process
as Seen from NEDO Projects,” IIR Working Paper WP#11-07, May 2011
Komuro, Masashi and Manabu Eto, “Mitsubishi Electric: Development andCommercialization of Artificial Retina Chip,” IIR Case Study Case#11-03,
September 2011
Nagaoka, Sadao, Masatsura Igami, Manabu Eto and Tomohiro Ijichi, “Knowledge
Creation Process in Science: Basic Findings from a Large-scale Survey of
Researchers in Japan,” IIR Working Paper WP#10-07, November 201038

2.1. Research Reports(In Japanese)
Eto, Manabu, ed., A Guide to Standardization Business (Experimental Version), JapaneseIndustrial Standards Committee (JISC), http://www.jisc.go.jp/policy/hyoujunka_text/
index.html, 2010
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Eto, Manabu, “Japan's View: Challenges and Vision,” presented at the 1st KoreanStandards Association Symposium, October 12, 2010, Seoul, Korea
Eto, Manabu, “Strategic Use of Consensus-based Standards,” presented at the 1st KoreanStandards Association Symposium, October 12, 2010, Seoul, Korea
Eto, Manabu, “Promotion & Obstacles in Testing Standards Innovations,” presented at
PICMET 2010, July 23, 2010, Phuket, Thailand
Eto, Manabu, “Interpreting the Japanese Survey Results on Commercialization in Lightof the Japanese Mechanism of Commercialization,” presented at the US-Japan
Workshop on Scientific Collaboration and Productivity, IIR, NISTEP and Georgia
Institute of Technology, March 26, 2010, Tokyo(In Japanese)
Eto, Manabu, “The Establishment of the Korean Society of Standardization,” presented at
the 7th Research Meeting of the Institute of Image Electronics Engineers of Japan,
January 11, 2011, Tokyo
Yoshida, Junichi, Kazuo Fukui, Masaru Yamashita, Daisuke Yoshimura, Manabu Etoand Mitsuru Takeshita, “Analysis of Spinout Technologies from NEDO Project,”presented at the 25th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Science Policy andResearch Management, October 9, 2010, Tokyo
Eto, Manabu, Masatsura Igami, Tomohiro Ijichi and Sadao Nagaoka, “Standardization asa Result of Research and Development,” presented at the 25th Annual Meeting of
the Japan Society for Science Policy and Research Management, October 9, 2010,
Tokyo
Eto, Manabu, “The Disadvantage of Standardization Policy of Japan,” presented at the
38th Media Commuting Conference, hosted by the Institute of Image Electronics
Engineers of Japan, June 27, 2010, Kanagawa Institute of Technology
Eto, Manabu, “The Background and Consideration about the Movement toward Patent
Right Restrictions in the China National Standard,” presented at the 8th Academic
Research Report Meeting of the Intellectual Property Association of Japan, June 19,
2010, Tokyo

39

Masaru Karube■ Education
1998
1995
1993

Doctor of Commerce, Hitotsubashi University
Master of Commerce, Hitotsubashi University
B.A. (Commerce), Hitotsubashi University■ Professional Positions
2006

Fulbright Visiting Scholar, Bryn Mawr College / The Wharton School of the
University of Pennsylvania (~2007)
2002~ Associate Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1998 Lecturer, Faculty of Business Administration, Tokyo Keizai University■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Book(In Japanese)
Takeishi, Akira, Yaichi Aoshima and Masaru Karube, Reasons for Innovation: Creating
Legitimacy for Resource Mobilization, Tokyo: Yuhikaku, March 2012, 506 page1.2. Articles and Chapters in Books
Karube, Masaru, Toshihiko Kato and Tsuyoshi Numagami, “Organizational
Characteristics of Middle Managers’ Deterioration as Sources of Organizational
Decline,” in Dariusz Jemielniak & Abigail Marks, eds., Managing Dynamic
Technology-Oriented Businesses, Hershey PA: IGI Global, 2012, pp. 209-227
Toshihiko Kato, Tsuyoshi Numagami and Masaru Karube, “Types of Intra-Organizational
Networks and Upward Strategic Communication,” Hitotsubashi Journal ofCommerce and Management, Vol. 45, No.1, October 2011, pp. 21-37
Numagami, Tsuyoshi, Masaru Karube and Toshihiko Kato, “Organizational Deadweight:
Learning from Japan,” The Academy of Management Perspective, Vol. 24, No. 4,
November 2010, pp. 25-37(In Japanese)
Kato, Toshihiko, Tsuyoshi Numagami and Masaru Karube, “Organizational
Characteristics and Organizational Deadweight,” in Center for Japanese BusinessStudies, Hitotsubashi University, ed., Frontier of Japanese Business Studies 8,
Tokyo: Yuhikaku, March 2012, pp. 15-27
Karube, Masaru, “Innovation,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Supplementary Volume 1:
Beginner's Guide to Management Studies, January 2011, pp. 125-131

40

Takeishi, Akira, Yaichi Aoshima, Masaru Karube, Kazuyuki Motohashi, andTomohiro Ijichi, “Status of the Two Major Japanese Industries: Positions andPerformance of Automobile and Electronics Industries,” in Aoshima, Yaichi, Akira
Takeishi, and Michael A. Cusumano, eds., End of “Made in Japan”?, Tokyo:
Toyokeizaishimposha, August 2010, Chap. 2, pp. 68-92
1.3. Others
Karube, Masaru, “From My Bookshelf: Myth and Reality of Business Books, /Rosenzweig, Philip, The Halo Effect,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 58, No. 1,
June 2010, pp. 12-31
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Paper
Masaru Karube, “Determinants of Size of Corporate Headquarters in Japanese Diversified
Firms,” Tokyo Center for Economic Research (TCER) Working Paper, Forthcoming
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Schaede, Ulrike (Chair), Christina Ahmadjian, Kazuhiro Asakawa, James R Lincoln,
Thomas Roehl, Jesper Edman and Masaru Karube, “West Meets East: Research
Strategies for Japan Business Studies,” presented at the 2011 Academy ofManagement Annual Meeting, August 15, 2011, Texas, USA
Kato, Toshihiko, Tsuyoshi Numagami, Masaru Karube, Masato Sasaki, Yoshiki Murakamiand Hiroshi Watanabe, “Types of Upward Communication and Organizational
Characteristics in Japanese Firms,” presented at the 2011 Academy of Management
Annual Meeting, August 12-16, 2011, Texas, USA
Numagami, Tsuyoshi, Masaru Karube, Toshihiko Kato, Masato Sasaki, Hiroshi Watanabe
and Yoshiki Murakami, “Intra-organizational Networks and Information Flows
within an Organization,” presented at the 30th Strategic Management Society
Conference, September 12-15, 2010, Rome, Italy
Numagami, Tsuyoshi, Masaru Karube, Toshihiko Kato, Yuko Yamashita, Wataru Uehara,
Masato Sasaki, Gen Fukutomi, Hiroyuki Fukuchi, Hiroshi Watanabe and Yoshinori
Murakami, “Vertical Strategic Information Flow and Market Orientation,” presented
at the 2010 Academy of Management Annual Meeting, August 6-10, 2010, Montreal,
Canada41

Numagami, Tsuyoshi, Masaru Karube, Toshihiko Kato, Yuko Yamashita, Wataru Uehara,
Masato Sasaki, Gen Fukutomi, Hiroyuki Fukuchi, Hiroshi Watanabe and Yoshinori
Murakami, “Functions and Dysfunctions of Lateral and Diagonal Networks in
Advancing Market Orientation: A Preliminary Step toward Bridging the Gap
between Market Orientation Research and Intra-organizational Network Research,”presented at the 2010 European Group for Organizational Studies, July 1-3, 2010,
Lisbon, Portugal(In Japanese)
Karube, Masaru, “Determinants of Size of Corporate Headquarters in JapaneseDiversified Firms,” presented at the TCER Conference “Organization Reform and
Performance of Japanese Firms: Analysis of Panel Dataset,” organized by TCER and
Hitotsubashi University, March 9, 2012, Hitotsubashi University42

Sadao Nagaoka■ Education
1990
1980
1975

Ph.D. (Economics), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
M.S. (Management), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
B.E. (Engineering), The University of Tokyo■ Professional Positions
2004 Director, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University (~2008)
1997~ Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1996 Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University
1992 Professor, Faculty of Economics, Seikei University
1990 Director of the Office for Russia and Eastern Europe, the Ministry of International
Trade and Industry of Japan
1986 Economist, the World Bank (~1990)
1975 The Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan (~1992)■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Book(In Japanese)
Fujita, Masahisa and Sadao Nagaoka, eds., Productivity and Innovation System, Tokyo:
Nippon Hyoron Sha, March 2011, 384 pages
1.2. Articles and Chapters in Books
Nagaoka, Sadao, Kazuyuki Motohashi and Akira Goto, “Patent Statistics as an Innovation
Indicator,” in Hall, Bronwyn H. and Nathan Rosenberg, eds., Handbook of the
Economics of Innovation, Vol. 2, Amsterdam: North Holland, 2010, pp. 1083-1127(In Japanese)
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Grasping the Opportunities from Globalization of Economic Growth inInnovation Management,” Chizai Kanri (Intellectual Property Management), Nihon
Chiteki Zaisan Kyokai (Japan Intellectual Property Association), Vol. 62, No. 1,
January 2012, pp. 5-16
Nagaoka, Sadao, Manabu Eto and Yusuke Naito, “Innovation Process as Seen fromNEDO Projects,” Keizai Kenkyû (The Economic Review), Vol. 62, No. 3, July 2011,
pp. 253-269
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Productivity Performance of Japanese Firms and Innovation Process:towards Stronger Capability Base for Growth,” in Fujita, Masahisa and Sadao
Nagaoka, eds., Productivity and Innovation System, Tokyo: Nippon Hyoron Sha,March 2011, Introduction, pp. 1-24
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Innovation Process in the US and Japan: Findings from the Inventor
Surveys in the US and Japan,” ibid., Chapter 4, pp. 147-190

43

Kim, Young Gak and Sadao Nagaoka, “Comparative Analysis of Diversification andR&D of US and Japanese Listed Firms Based on Consolidated Accounts,” in Center
for Japanese Business Studies, Hitotsubashi University, ed., Frontier of JapaneseBusiness Studies 8, Tokyo: Yuhikaku, Chapter 3, March 2011, pp. 29-42
Shimbo, Tomoyuki and Sadao Nagaoka, “R&D Synergy from a Merger: Analysis of
Co-inventions and Knowledge Flows from Inventor Data,” Nihon Chizai Gakkaishi(Journal of Intellectual Property Association of Japan), Vol. 7, No. 1, August 2010,
pp. 28-36
Yamauchi, Isamu and Sadao Nagaoka, “Does a Merger Enhance the Capability ofDeveloping and Exploiting a New Technology?,” Nihon Chizai Gakkaishi (Journalof Intellectual Property Association of Japan), Vol. 7, No. 1, August 2010, pp. 14-27
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Nagaoka, Sadao, Akira Takeishi and Yoshihisa Noro, “Determinants of Firm Boundaries:
Empirical Analysis of the Japanese Auto Industry from 1984 to 2002,” TCER
Working Paper E-45, Tokyo Center for Economic Research, June 2012
Nagaoka, Sadao, Masatsura Igami, John P. Walsh and Tomohiro Ijichi, “Knowledge
Creation Process in Science: Key Comparative Findings from the HitotsubashiNISTEP-Georgia Tech Scientists’ Survey in Japan and the US,” IIR Working Paper
WP#11-09, October 2011
Nagaoka, Sadao and Hideo Owan, “Exploring the Sources of Firm-level Scale Economies
in R&D: Complementary Assets, Internal and External Knowledge Inflows, andInventor Team Size,” RIETI Discussion Paper 11-E-038, Research Institute of
Economy, Trade and Industry, April 2011
Owan, Hideo and Sadao Nagaoka, “Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations of Inventors,”
RIETI Discussion Paper 11-E-022, March 2011
Tsukada, Naotoshi and Sadao Nagaoka, “Standards as a Knowledge Source for R&D: A
First Look at their Incidence and Impacts Based on the Inventor Survey and Patent
Bibliographic Data,” RIETI Discussion Paper 11-E-018, March 2011
Nagaoka, Sadao, “An Analysis of Unilateral and Cross-licensing Based on an Inventor
Survey in Japan: Effects of Uncertainty, Rent Dissipation and a Bundle of Patents on
Corporate Licenses,” RIETI Discussion Paper 11-E-004, January 2011
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Ownership Structure and Productivity of Vertical Research
Collaboration,” RIETI Discussion Paper 10-E-064, December 2010
Nagaoka, Sadao, Masatsura Igami, Manabu Eto and Tomohiro Ijichi, “Knowledge
Creation Process in Science: Basic Findings from a Large-scale Survey of
Researchers in Japan,” IIR Working Paper WP#10-08, December 2010
Braguinsky, Serguey, Yuji Honjo, Sadao Nagaoka and Kenta Nakamura, “Science-BasedBusiness: Knowledge Capital or Entrepreneurial Ability? Theory and Evidence froma Survey of Biotechnology Start-ups,” IIR Working Paper WP#10-05, September
2010

44

(In Japanese)
Nagaoka, Sadao and Young Gak Kim, “Governance Structure of Subsidiaries andTheir Performance: Data Construction and Initial Findings,” TCER Working
Paper J-9, July 2012
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Entry through Diversification and Exits through Consolidation:
Exploration of Their Determinants,” TCER Working Paper J-8, June 2012
Kato, Masatoshi and Sadao Nagaoka, “Organizational Changes and Performanceof Japanese Oil Refinery Industry: Impacts of the Changes of Competitive
Conditions Due to Import Liberalization,” TCER Working Paper J-6, June 2012
Kim, Young Gak and Sadao Nagaoka, “Initial Findings from a Construction of the
Panel Data of Diversification of the US and Japanese Firms on Consolidated
Basis,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-07, March 2012
Honjo, Yuji, Sadao Nagaoka, Kenta Nakamura and Yumi Shimizu, “Agenda for the
Growth of Bio Startup Firms in Japan: Alliances and CEO Turnovers,” IIR
Working Paper WP #12-01, January 2012
Nagaoka, Sadao, Manabu Eto, Yusuke Naito and Naotoshi Tsukada, “Innovation
Process as Seen from NEDO Projects,” IIR Working Paper WP#11-07, May 2011
Nagaoka, Sadao and Naotoshi Tsukada, “Spillovers and Risk of R&D Projects andTargeting of the Subsidies,” RIETI Discussion Paper 11-J-044, April 2011
Nagaoka, Sadao, Masatsura Igami, Manabu Eto and Tomohiro Ijichi, “Knowledge
Creation Process in Science: Basic Findings from a Large-scale Survey of
Researchers in Japan,” IIR Working Paper WP#10-07, November 2010
Honjo, Yuji, Sadao Nagaoka, Kenta Nakamura and Yumi Shimizu, “Agenda for the
Growth of Bio Startup Firms in Japan: Financing, Core Technologies, Alliancesand Patent System,” IIR Working Paper WP#10-03, July 2010
2.2. Research Reports(In Japanese)“Analysis of the Mechanism of the Pending Stocks of the Requests for Patent
E x a m i n a t i o n s a n d t h e D e t e r m i n a n t s o f t h e E ff i c i e n c y o f t h e P a t e n t
Examinations,” Report on Patent Application Behaviors and Related Activities
toward New Sources of Economic Growth in Japan, Institute of Intellectual
Property (Chairman: Sadao Nagaoka), Chap. 4, April 2012“Introduction for the Report on Patent Application Behaviors and Related Activities
toward New Sources of Economic Growth in Japan,” Institute of Intellectual
Property (Chairman: Sadao Nagaoka), April 2012
“An Economic Analysis of Contracts, Organization and Competition for Copyrights
Licensing: Theoretical Perspective,” in Collective Management of Copyrights
and Competition Policy Abroad，Kyoto Comparative Law Center (Chairman:
Masahiro Murakami), March 2012
A Report on the Enforcement of Essential Patents for Standards, Institute ofIntellectual Property (Chairman: Sadao Nagaoka), Chap. 5, March 201245

3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Research in ‘Pasteur Quadrant’: How It Is Important and How It
Matters?,” presented at the International Workshop on Measuring and Managing
Innovation, IIR and National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP),
March 16, 2012, Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Exploring the Sources of Firm Level Scale Economies in R&D:
Complementary Assets, Internal and External Knowledge Inflows, and Inventor
Team Size,” presented at Strategy, Entrepreneurship, and Technological Change(SETChange), November 14, 2011, Philadelphia, USA
Nagaoka, Sadao, “An Analysis of Unilateral and Cross-licensing Based on Inventor
Survey in Japan,” presented at the Fall Meeting of the Japanese Economic
Association, October 30, 2011, Tsukuba University
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Why do Firms Seek Patents and How Useful Patent Documents are for
their R&D?: Some Evidence from Inventor Surveys in Japan and the US,” presented
at the UC Berkeley- Peking University Workshop on Innovation and IPR, May 11,2011, Peking, China
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Exploring the Sources of Firm Level Scale Economies in R&D:
Complementary Assets, Internal and External Knowledge Inflows, and Inventor
Team Size,” presented at the Second Asia - Pacific Innovation Conference, May 3-4,
2011, Singapore
Nagaoka, Sadao and Masatsura Igami, “Knowledge Creation Process in Science:
Initial Findings from the Scientists Survey in Japan,” presented at the 4th BRICKDIME-STRIKE Workshop “The Organisation, Economics and Policy of Scientific
Research,” February 19, 2011, Torino, Italy
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Science-Industry Linkages and Innovation Performance,” presented
at the Final Conference Programme InnoS&T, February 15-16, 2011, Munich,Germany
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Studying Who Collaborates Internationally, How and Why,” presented
at NSF Tokyo Regional Office 50th Anniversary Symposium, October 6, 2010,
Tokyo
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Ownership Structure of Collaborative Research,” presented at the
5th Annual Conference of the EPIP (European Policy for Intellectual Property)
Association, September 20-21, 2010, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Nagaoka, Sadao and Isamu Yamauchi, “Reform of Patent Examination Request System
in Japan,” presented at “The Output of R&D Activities: Harnessing the Power ofPatents Data,” hosted by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, May
27-28, 2010, Seville, Spain(In Japanese)
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Role of Central Research Facilities for Research Consortiums:
Findings from NEDO Consortiums,” presented at the Industry-AcademiaGovernment Collaboration Workshop on Measuring and Managing Innovation,organized by IIR, March 17, 201246

Nagaoka, Sadao, “Direction of Corporate Diversifications and Consolidations andIndustry Characteristics,” presented at the TCER Conference “Organization Reformand Performance of Japanese Firms: Analysis of Panel Dataset,” organized by TCER
and Hitotsubashi University, March 9, 2012, Hitotsubashi University
Nagaoka, Sadao and Young Gak Kim, “Governance Structure of Subsidiaries and their
Performance: Analysis at Segments, Firm and Groups Levels,” presented at the
TCER Conference “Organization Reform and Performance of Japanese Firms:
Analysis of Panel Dataset,” organized by TCER and Hitotsubashi University, March
9, 2012, Hitotsubashi University
Nagaoka, Sadao, “Knowledge Creation Process,” presented at the Japan-US Workshop on
Knowledge Production Process in Science, organized by IIR and National Instituteof Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP) of Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), June 23, 2011, Tokyo47

Makoto Nirei■ Education
2002
1996

Ph.D. (Economics), University of Chicago
M.S. (Economics), The University of Tokyo

1994

B.A. (Economics), The University of Tokyo■ Professional Positions
2008~ Associate Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
2006 Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Carleton University (~2008)
2004

Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Utah State University (~2006)

2001

Postdoctoral Fellow, Santa Fe Institute (~2004)■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books
Nirei, Makoto and Vladyslav Sushko, “Jumps in Foreign Exchange Rates and Stochastic
Unwinding of Carry Trades,” International Review of Economics & Finance, Vol.
20, No. 1, January 2011, pp. 110-127
Mizuno, Takayuki, Makoto Nirei, and Tsutomu Watanabe, “Closely Competing Firms
and Price Adjustment: Some Findings from an Online Marketplace,” Scandinavian
Journal of Economics, Vol. 112, No. 4, December 2010, pp. 673-696
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Nirei, Makoto, Theodoros Stamatiou and Vladyslav Sushko, “Stochastic Herding in
Financial Markets: Evidence from Institutional Investor Equity Portfolios,” BIS
Working Papers No. 371, Bank for International Settlements, February 2012
Murao, Tetsushi and Makoto Nirei, “Entry Barriers, Reallocation, and Productivity
Growth: Evidence from Japanese Manufacturing Firms,” RIETI Discussion Paper
11-E-081, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry, December 2011
Nirei, Makoto, “Beauty Contests and Fat Tails in Financial Markets,” Research Center
for Price Dynamics Working Paper No. 76, Institute of Economic Research,
Hitotsubashi University, August 2011
Guiso, Luigi, Chaoqun Lai and Makoto Nirei, “Detecting Propagation Effects by
Observing Aggregate Distributions: The Case of Lumpy Investments,” EUI Working
Papers, ECO 2011/25, European University Institute, June 2011
Nirei, Makoto, “Investment Risk, Pareto Distribution, and the Effects of Tax,” RIETI
Discussion Paper 11-E-015, March 201148

Nirei, Makoto and Vladyslav Sushko, “Stochastic Herding by Institutional Investment
Managers,” Research Center for Price Dynamics Working Paper No. 64, Institute of
Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University, November 2010
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Nirei, Makoto, “Pareto Distribution in Economic Growth Models,” presented at theFall Meeting of the Japanese Economic Association, October 30, 2011, Tsukuba
University
Nirei, Makoto, “Beauty Contests and Fat Tails in Financial Markets,” presented at the17th Decentralization Conference in Japan, September 16, 2011, Tsukuba University
Nirei, Makoto, “Pareto Distribution in Economic Growth Models,” presented at The
University of Tokyo, August 23, 2011
Nirei, Makoto, “Pareto Distribution in Economic Growth Models,” presented at the Asian
Meeting of the Econometric Society, August 11-13, 2011, Seoul, Korea
Nirei, Makoto, “Information Aggregation and Fat Tails in Financial Markets,” presented
at The University of Tokyo, May 10, 2011
Nirei, Makoto, “Power Laws in Economic Phenomena,” presented at Virtual Center for
Advanced Studies in Institution (VCASI), September 16, 2010
Nirei, Makoto, “Pareto Distribution in Economic Growth Models,” NBER Summer
Institute, July 21, 2010, Massachusetts, USA
Nirei, Makoto, “Pareto Distribution in Economic Growth Models,” presented at Chuo
University, July 7, 201049

Toshihiro Nishiguchi■ Education
1990
1981
1977

D.Phil. (Sociology), University of Oxford
M.Sc., Imperial College, University of London
B.A., Waseda University■ Professional Positions
2008~ Senior Research Fellow, Policy Research Institute, Ministry of Finance2007~ Part-time Director, Defense Procurement Structure Improvement Foundation
2004 Fall; 2005 Summer
Visiting Scholar, Center for International Studies, Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology
2002 Summer; 2003 Summer
Visiting Senior Research Scholar, School of Public Affairs, Center for Public
Policy and Private Enterprise, University of Maryland
2001 Summer
Academic Visitor, The Judge Institute of Management, University of Cambridge
1997~ Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1994 Associate Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University
1991 Assistant Professor, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania
1990~ Post-Doctoral Fellow, INSEAD (European Institute of Business Administration)
1986 Research Fellow, International Motor Vehicle Program, Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology (~1989)■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Books(In Japanese)
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, Coco Chanel’s Network Strategy, Tokyo: Shodensha, October
2011, 253 pages
1.2. Articles(In Japanese)
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro and Takahiro Morimitsu, “Target Costing and Applicability of
Cross-functional Teams in Government Procurement,” Financial Review, Policy
Research Institute of Ministry of Finance, No. 104, February 2011, pp. 77-104
1.3. Others(In Japanese)
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “How to Make Your Organization Fresher,” Kakehashi, Industrial
Employment Stabilization Center of Japan, May 2012, pp. 4-8

50Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “Rewiring in Your Firm: Creating New Values from the Top
Down,” Works, RECRUIT Works Institute, February-March 2012, pp. 30-31
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “Network Thinking and Practice,” Communication Seed,
Keidanren Jigyo Service, April-July 2010
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers(In Japanese)
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, Jiang Hong Xiang and Motoko Tsujita, “Wenzhounese Firms after
the Lehman Shock: the Wenzhou Model Revisited,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-06,
March 2012
Tsujita, Motoko and Toshihiro Nishiguchi, “Fujian Networks and Social Capital with
Particular Reference to Fuqing Immigrants in Japan,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-05,
March 2012
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro and Motoko Tsujita, “Wenzhounese Entrepreneurs’ Way to Success:
The Appropriation of Networks and Social Capital,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-03,
March 2012
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro and Satoru Oguchi, “Today’s Oral History: Mr. Jun’ichi Endo,
Who Became Nissan’s Youngest Managing Director from within, Talks about CEO
Ghosn’s Reform and the Efficacy of Cross-functional Teams,” IIR Working Paper
WP#11-10, November 2011
2.2. Research Reports(In Japanese)“A Study of the Economic Procurement Model Addressing the Issues of Growing
Competitive Bidding in Japanese Defense Procurement Reforms,” Defense
Procurement Structure Improvement Foundation, (Research Project Leader:
Toshihiro Nishiguchi), March 2012
“A Study on the CPT Realization in Japanese Defense Procurement Reforms,” Defense
Procurement Structure Improvement Foundation, Research Project Leader: Toshihiro
Nishiguchi, March 2011
3. Conference Papers, Presentations(In Japanese)
Nishiguchi, Toshihiro, “Enlivening Your Organization by Rewiring,” Ministry of
Defense, Joint Staff Office, Study Group of Joint Signal Corps, February 10, 2012,
Tokyo (Invited Speech)51

Kentaro Nobeoka■ Education
2001
1993
1988
1981

Ph.D. (Business Administration), Kobe University
Ph.D. (Business Administration), Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology
M.B.A., Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
B.S. (Engineering), Osaka University■ Professional Positions
2012~ Director, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
2008~ Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1999 Professor, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe
University (~2008)
1994 Associate Professor, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration,
Kobe University (~1999)
1981 Mazda Motor Corporation (~1989)■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Book(In Japanese)(In Japanese)
Nobeoka, Kentaro, Theory of Management to Create Value: Strategies for Japanese
Manufacturing Firms, Tokyo: Nihon Keizai Shimbun, September 2011, 288 pages
1.2. Articles and Chapters in Books
Takeda, Yoko, Yaichi Aoshima and Kentaro Nobeoka, “The Importance of Technology
Integration Capabilities: Evaluating the Impact on 3D Technologies on ProductDevelopment Performance in Japan and China,” International Journal of ProductDevelopment, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2012, pp. 26-44(In Japanese)
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Strategies of Japanese Manufacturing Firms and Required Human
Resources,” Hinshitsu, Nihon Hinshitsukanri Gakkai (The Japanese Society for
Quality Control), Vol. 42, No. 2, April 2012, pp. 212-218
Niitsu, Yasuaki and Kentaro Nobeoka, “Business Case / Disco: Solutions as a Source ofCompetitive Advantage,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 59, No. 4, March 2012,
pp. 128-140
Niitsu, Yasuaki and Kentaro Nobeoka, “Business Case / NISSHA Printing: Success with
Nissha IMD,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 59, No. 2, September 2011, pp.
122-134
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Importance of Accumulated-knowledge Technology: Technology that
Produces Sustainable Competitiveness,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 58, No.
4, March 2011, pp. 160-17052Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Pitfalls of Open Innovation: Problems regarding Value Capture,”
Kenkyu Gijutsu Keikaku (The Journal of Science Policy and Research Management),Vol. 25, No. 1, December 2010, pp. 68-77
Kudo, Hideo and Kentaro Nobeoka, “Business Case / Panasonic Corporation: ProductDevelopment of IH Cooking Heater,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 58, No. 2,
September 2010, pp. 124-141
Yonekura, Seiichiro, Kentaro Nobeoka and Yaichi Aoshima, “No More Lost Decade forJapan: How to Revitalize Her Competitiveness,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol.
58, No. 2, September 2010, pp. 12-31
1.3. Others(In Japanese)
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “To the Memory of Steve Jobs: Japan has lost the Role Model,”Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 59, No. 3, December 2011, pp. 116-118(Book Review)
Nonaka, Ikujiro and Akira Katsumi, The Practical Wisdom of Innovation, Tokyo: Nikkei
Business Publications / Nihon Keizai Shimbun, November 28, 2010, p. 21
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Technology that Produces Sustainable Competitiveness:
A Comparison of Innovative Technologies and Accumulated-knowledge
Technologies,” IIR Working Paper WP#10-04, August 2010
Takeda, Yoko, Yaichi Aoshima, Kentaro Nobeoka, “Capabilities of Technology
Utilization and Technology Integration: Impact of 3D Technologies on ProductDevelopment Process and Performance in Japan and China,” IIR Working Paper
WP#10-02, June 2010
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Value Creation and Value Capture at Manufacturing Firms:
Importance of Non-functional Value,” IIR Working Paper WP#10-01, April 2010
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Accumulated-knowledge Technologies: Core Capabilities ofJapanese Manufacturing Firms,” presented at AIB (Academy of International
Business) 2011 Annual Meeting, June 26, 2011, Nagoya
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Technology that Produces Sustainable Competitiveness:
A Comparison of Innovative Technologies and Accumulated-knowledge
Technologies,” presented at the Mitsubishi UFJ Foundation International
Conference, August 28, 2010, Kanagawa

53

(In Japanese)
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Technologies that Produces Sustainable Competitiveness:
Importance of Accumulated-knowledge Technologies,” presented at the IndustryAcademia-Government Collaboration Workshop on Measuring and Managing
Innovation, organized by IIR, March 17, 2012, Hitotsubashi University
Nobeoka, Kentaro, “Technology Management for Value Capture: Importance ofOrganizational Capabilities and Non-functional Value,” presented at the Kanematsu
Seminar, October 21, 2010, Kobe

54

Hiroshi Shimizu■ Education
2007
2002
1999
1997

Ph.D. (Economic History), London School of Economics and Political Science,
University of London
M.A. (History), Northwestern University
M.A. (Commerce), Hitotsubashi University
B.A. (Commerce), Chuo University■ Professional Positions
2011~ Associate Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
2008
2007

Assistant Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Technology Management, Eindhoven
University of Technology■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Articles and Chapters in Books
Shimizu, Hiroshi and Satoshi Kudo, “How Well Does Knowledge Travel? The Transition
from Energy to Commercial Application of Laser Diode Fabrication Technology,”
Business and Economic History On-Line, Vol. 9, 2011
Shimizu, Hiroshi and Yasushi Hara, “Role of Doctoral Scientists in Corporate R&D in
Laser Diode Research in Japan,” Prometheuss, Vol. 21, No. 1, June 2011, pp. 5-21
Shimizu, Hiroshi, “Scientific Breakthroughs and Networks in the Case of Semiconductor
Laser Technology in the U.S. and Japan: 1960s-2000s,” Australian Economic
History Review, Vol. 51, No. 1, March 2011, pp. 71-96
Shimizu, Hiroshi, “Different Evolutionary Paths: Technological Development of Laser
Diodes in the U.S. and Japan: 1960-2000,” Business History, Vol. 52, No. 7,
December 2010, pp. 1151-1181(In Japanese)
Yonekura, Seiichiro and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Industrial Association in Japan: Coevolutionof Industrial Policy and Firms’ Capability,” in Shiba, Takao and Tetsuji Okazaki,
eds., Seido Tenkanki no Kigyô to Shijô (Firms and Markets at Institutional
Transition), Tokyo: Minerva Shobo, April 2011, Chap. 6, pp. 195-220
Shimizu, Hiroshi, “Community Building Leadership in Science and Technology: Hayashi
Izuo and Laser Diodes,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 58, No. 4, March 2011,
pp. 52-65
Shimizu, Hiroshi, “Business History,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Supplementary
Volume 1: Beginner’s Guide to Management Studies, January 2011, pp. 96-103
Shimizu, Hiroshi, “Science and Technology in the Lost Two Decades: R&D Efficiency
and Changes in Resource Allocation,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 58, No. 2,
September 2010, pp. 58-71

55

1.2. Others(Book Review)
Schaede, Ulrike, Choose and Focus: Japanese Business Strategies for the 21st Century /The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 69, No. 3, September 2010, pp. 916-918(In Japanese)
Shimizu, Hiroshi, “From My Bookshelf: What is Paradigm Change? / Kuhn, Thomas, The
Structure of Scientific Revolutions,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 57, No. 4,
March 2010, p. 131
2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Papers
Fontana, Roberto, Alessandro Nuvolari, Hiroshi Shimizu and Andrea Vezzulli,“Schumpeterian Patterns of Innovation and the Sources of Breakthrough Inventions:
Evidence from a Data-Set of R&D Awards,” Working Papers 2012/24, Departmentof Economics at the School of Economics and Management (ISEG), Technical
University of Lisbon, July 2012
Shimizu, Hiroshi and Yusuke Hoshino, “The Nature of Inventive Activities: Evidence
from a Data-Set of the Okouchi Prizes and a Comparison with the R&D 100
Awards,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-02, February 2012
(In Japanese)
Kudo, Satoshi and Hiroshi Shimizu, “SONY: Semiconductor Laser Manufacturing
Technology, MOCVD,” IIR Case Study CASE#10-09, August 2010
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Shimizu, Hiroshi, “Management of Science, Serendipity, and Research Performance:
Evidence from Scientists’ Survey in the US and Japan,” presented at theInternational Workshop on Measuring and Managing Innovation, IIR and National
Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP), March 16, 2012, Tokyo
Shimizu, Hiroshi and Satoshi Kudo, “How Well Does Knowledge Travel? The Transition
from Energy to Commercial Application of Laser Diode Fabrication Technology,”
presented at the Business History Conference 2011 Annual Meeting, March 31- April
2, 2011, Missouri, USA
Fontana, Roberto, Alessandro Nuvolari, Hiroshi Shimizu, and Andrea Vezzulli, “TheNature of Inventive Activities: Evidence from a Data-Set of R&D Awards,”
presented at the Schumpeter Conference 2010, June 22, 2010, Aalborg, Denmark(In Japanese)
Shimizu, Hiroshi “Pitfalls of Open Innovation: Comparative Study of Laser Diodes in
the U.S. and Japan,” presented at the 54th Chubu Workshop of the Business History
Society of Japan, December 17, 2011, Meijo University
Shimizu, Hiroshi, Makoto Nirei and Kota Murayama, “Management of Science,
Productivity and Serendipity,” presented at the 26th Annual Meeting of the Japan
Society for Science Policy and Research Management, October 14, 2011, Yamaguchi
University
Shimizu, Hiroshi “Collaboration and Innovation: Semiconductor Laser R&D in the US
and Japan,” presented at the Annual Meeting of the Business History Society of56

Seiichiro Yonekura■ Education
1990
1981
1979
1977

Ph.D. (History), Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
M.A. (Japanese Business History), Graduate School of Social Sciences,
Hitotsubashi University
B.A. (Japanese Economic History), Faculty of Economics, Hitotsubashi
University
B.A. (Japanese History), Faculty of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University■ Professional Positions
2012~ Academic Director, Center for Japanese Studies, Gordon Institute of Business
Science, University of Pretoria (South Africa)
2008 Director, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University(~March 2012)2004 Spring
Visiting Professor, Institute du Management Bouygues, HEC (France)
2003 Co-president, Institute of Strategy, Sony Corporation (~2004)
2003 Spring
Visiting Professor, Institute du Management Bouygues, HEC (France)
2001 Fall
J.A. Valentine Visiting Professor, Department of Marketing, University of Otago(New Zealand)
1999 Director, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University (~2001)
1997~ Professor, Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi University
1995 Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University
1992 Core Faculty of Global Leadership Program at the University of Michigan(An Executive Program for Action Learning) (~1995)
1988 Associate Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University
1984 Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University
1982 Senior Research Assistant, Institute of Business Research, Hitotsubashi University■ Research Achievements
1. Publications
1.1. Books(In Japanese)
Yonekura, Seiichiro, Emergent Destruction: Innovation for Tomorrow, Tokyo: Mishimasha, June 2011, 289 pages
Takei, Yoshiaki and Seiichiro Yonekura, How We can Survive as Social Entrepreneurs,Tokyo: Diamond-sha, September 2010, 254 pages
1.2. Articles and Chapters in Books(In Japanese)
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “The Samurai Company: Double Creative Response in Meiji Japan:
The Case of Onoda Cement,” The Doshisha Business Review (Dôshisha Shôgaku),Vol. 63, No. 5, March 2012, pp. 1-24

57

Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Emergent Destruction: Post 3.11 Reconstruction of Japan,” Chuô
Kôron, Vol. 126, No. 9, August 2011, pp. 38-46
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Paradigm Change after 3.11 in Japan,” Hitotsubashi Business
Review, Vol. 59, No. 1, June 2011, pp. 136-146
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Post 3.11 Reconstruction of Japan and Nishiyama Yataro,” Chuô
Kôron, Vol. 126, No. 5, May 2011, pp. 42-47
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Okuma Shigenobu: From Domestic Samurai to International
Statesman,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 58, No. 4, March 2011, pp.6-19
Yonekura, Seiichiro and Hiroshi Shimizu, “Industrial Association in Japan: Coevolutionof Industrial Policy and Firms’ Capability,” in Shiba, Takao and Tetsuji Okazaki eds.,
Seido Tenkanki no Kigyô to Shijô (Firms and Markets at Institutional Transition),
Tokyo: Minerva Shobo, April 2011, Chapter 6, pp. 195-220
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Entrepreneurship,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Supplementary
Volume 1: Beginner's Guide to Management Studies, January 2011, pp. 132-137
Yonekura, Seiichiro, Kentaro Nobeoka and Yaichi Aoshima, “No More Lost Decade forJapan: How to Revitalize Her Competitiveness,” Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol.
58, No. 2, September 2010, pp. 12-31
Yonekura, Seiichiro and Fumihiko Ikuine, “Software Rebirth with Hardware Innovation,”in Aoshima, Yaichi, Akira Takeishi, and Michael A. Cusumano, eds., End of “Madein Japan” ?, Tokyo: Toyokeizaishimposha, August 2010, Chaper 7, pp. 260-290
1.3. Others(In Japanese)
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “To the Memory of Steve Jobs: Excitement, Craziness and Apple,”
Hitotsubashi Business Review, Vol. 59, No. 3, December 2011, pp. 119-121
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “No Charismatic Leader Needed: Rather Individual Emergent
Power,” Omni-management, Nipon Omni-Management Association, Vol. 234,
October 2011, pp. 12-16
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “The Heyday of the Steel Industry: Nagano Shigeo and Inayama
Yoshihiro,” ABC: Asahi Business Club, Asahi Mutual Life Insurance, No. 181, May
2011, pp. 18-21
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Paradigm Change after 3.11 in Japan and Innovation,” CIAJ
journal, Communications and Information Network Association of Japan, Vol. 51,
No. 5, May 2011, pp. 4-10
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Innovation and Paradigm Change after 3.11 in Japan,” Management
Trend, Institute of Management Studies, Japan, Vol. 15, No. 4, March 2011, pp. 2-9(Book Review)
Schaede, Ulrike, Choose and Focus: Japanese Business Strategies for the 21st Century /Japanese Journal of Political Science, Vol. 12, No. 1, February 2011, pp. 161-163

58

2. Unpublished Work2.1. Working Paper
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “The Samurai Company: Double Creative Response in Meiji Japan:
The Case of Onoda Cement,” IIR Working Paper WP#12-08, May 2012
3. Conference Papers, Presentations
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Design Minimalism and Social Innovation,” presented at theinciteXchange conference, February 17, 2012, Philadelpia, USA
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “The Resilience of Japanese Companies,” presented at the
Symposium on Resilient Japanese Companies: Implications for Business in Southern
Africa, October 19, 2011, Johannesburg, South Africa
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Paradigm Change after the Quake ‘the post 3.11 Japan’,” presented
at the 1st Asian Research Policy Symposium, August 31, 2011, Seoul, Korea
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Paradigm Change and Design Shift,” presented at the Jeju Forum,May 29, 2011, Jeju, Korea
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Japan’s Creative Response to the Double Crisis in the 1970s,”
presented at the The 21st CEA(UK) and 2nd CEA(Europe) Annual Conference“Global Economics Recovery: The Role of China and Other Emerging Economics,”
July 12-13, 2010, U.K.
(In Japanese)
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Emergent Destruction: Innovation after 3.11,” presented at 2012
Joint Symposium held by Jilin University and Hitotsubashi University, March 17,
2012, Jilin, China
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Emergent Destruction: Paradigm Change after 3.11,” The 3rd
Energy and Environment Symposium, November 4, 2011, The University of Tokyo
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “The Innovation Possibility after the Quake and Tsunami on 3.11 in
Japan,” Nikkei Sangyo Shimbun Forum 2011, October 17, 2011, Tokyo
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Emergent Destruction: Paradigm Change after 3.11,” Nikkei
Sangyo Shimbun Forum 2011, July 5, 2011, Tokyo
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “Innovation for Smart City Development,” Nikkei Sangyo Simbun
Forum, February 18, 2011, Tokyo
Yonekura, Seiichiro, “What the Industries can Do for the CO2 Reduction,” The 2nd
Energy and Environment Symposium, November 5, 2010, The University of Tokyo

59

II. Researchers

3. International Visiting Researchers — Apr. 2010~ Mar. 2012
Horst Hanusch
Professor, University of Augsburg
September 29, 2011 – March 15, 2012

Fernando Suarez
Associate Professor, Boston University
September 21, 2011 – December 28, 2011

John Pyne Walsh
Professor, Georgia Institute of Technology
January 17, 2011 – July 16, 2011

Ben Dankbaar
Professor, University of Nijmegen
October 1, 2010 – December 28, 2010

Sergey Braginskiy
Associate Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
May 13, 2010 – August 12, 2010

Youngjin Yoo
Associate Professor, Temple University
May 13, 2010 – August 12, 201060

III. Education

61

III. Education

1. Courses Given by the IIR Faculty Members — Apr. 2010 ~ Mar. 2012
Fiscal Year
2010

2011

Aoshima
Nobeoka
Nishiguchi

Aoshima
Nobeoka

Graduate School of Commerce and Management
Master’s and Doctoral Program[Courses provided by the Innovation kozas]

Advanced Innovation Management
Innovation, Strategy and Organization
Interorganizational Relations
Network Organization
History of Technology and Entrepreneurship
Innovation, the Firm and Institution
Innovation, Policy and Institution
Economic Analysis of Innovation
Innovation and Human Resource Development
Special Lecture: International Comparison of Innovation 1
Special Lecture: International Comparison of Innovation 2

Nishiguchi
Yonekura
Eto
Nagaoka
Chuma
Nagaoka/Braginskiy
Chuma/Dankbaar

AkaikeNagaoka
Chuma
Nagaoka/Walsh
Yonekura/Hanusch[Courses provided by the Business Economics kozas]

Advanced Industrial Economics

Nirei

Nirei

Nagaoka
Yonekura
Aoshima
Nobeoka
KarubeChuma
Nagaoka

Nagaoka
Yonekura
Aoshima
Nobeoka
KarubeChuma
Nagaoka

KarubeKarubeMBA Program

Business Economics (Competition and Strategy)
Entrepreneurship
Corporate Organization
Technology Strategy
Strategic Analysis
Special Lecture: Innovation and Modularity
Workshop: Management B (Industry and Technology)
Senior Executive Program
Undergraduate Program in the Faculty of Commerce and Management

Innovation Management
Production and Operation Management
Proseminar (Intensive Readings)
Undergraduate Introductory Seminar I

Undergraduate Introductory Seminar II

Chuma/Nishiguchi Chuma/Nishiguchi
KarubeKarubeNirei, Shimizu
Nirei, Shimizu
Aoshima, Eto,
Aoshima, NishiguNishiguchi, Shichi, Shimizu
mizu
Chuma, Yonekura Chuma, Yonekura,

Graduate School of Economics
Master’s and Doctoral Program

Workshop: Industry and Labor

Chuma/
Nagaoka*Note: * indicates a joint lecture with other faculty member(s) than those in the IIR.

62

Chuma/
Nagaoka*III. Education

2. The IIR Library
The IIR library has collected basic resources for research on private firms since the days of its predecessor,
the Institute of Business Research (IBR), and offers its services to researchers and students inside andoutside the university. The library has 96,877 books (Japanese, 76,963; Foreign, 19,914) and 874 magazines(Japanese, 623; Foreign, 251) as of April 2012.
The most distinctive characteristic of the IIR Libray is that it has large collections of financial statements,
company histories, and biographies and profiles of top executives. The collection of company histories
includes 9,403 books (Japanese, 7,882; Foreign, 1,521), and biographies and profiles of top executives,
6,959 books (Japanese, 6,307; Foreign, 652) as of April 2012. Upon the reorganization from the IBR to
the IIR, the libary has made some changes in the types of books and magazines it has been available. Morespecifically, it has increased the number of books on innovation research, almanacs and resources on the
hi-tech industry, and magazines of technology management.

63

64

IV. Research Results / Publications

65

IV. Research Results / Publications

1. Hitotsubashi Business Review — Apr. 2010 ~ Mar. 2012
To publish the findings of its research activities, the IIR issues a quarterly journal, called the Hitotsubashi
Business Review (in Japanese). The rationale in editing the journal is to promote the theoretical andempirical study of innovation in a social and economic context. The editorial board comprises professors
from several universities and company advisors, as well as IIR professors.

■ Contents

Title of Special Issues
Vol.59 No.4

“How to Close Nuclear Power Stations in Realistic Way”

Vol.59 No.3

“Emerging Market Strategies in India”

Vol.59 No.2

“Financial Regulation in Transition and Financial Business”

Vol.59 No.1

“Frontiers of Knowledge Management”

Vol.58 No.4

“Leadership in History”

Vol.58 No.3“’COOL JAPAN’ Reconsidered: Japan's Pop Culture Industry in North America”

Vol.58 No.2

“Japan's Competiveness Revisited”

Vol.58 No.1

“Green Innovation”

Featured Papers
IssueVol. / No.

Mar.
2012

Vol.59
No.4

Title

Author(s)“Nuclear Energy Policy Issues in Post-3/11 Era” Tatsujiro Suzuki(Vice-Chairman, Japan Atomic Energy Commision)“Light-water Reactors as Ordinary Industrial
Technology”

Makoto Saito(Professor, Faculty School of Economics,
Hitotsubashi University )“A Prospect for the Development of Nuclear
Withdrawal Engineering”

Hitoshi Yoshioka(Vice President&Professor, Graduate Schoolof social and Cultural Studies , Kyusyu University)“Reality of “Real Approach for Nuclear Phaseout”

Tetsunari Iida (Excutive Direcotr, Institute for
Sustainable Energy Policies)“New Structure for Electric Supply: Diversifica- Akihiro Sawa
(Executive Direcotr, International Enviromention of Retail Service”
tal Economic Institute)

66“Balancing Environment, Energy, and Industry
Competitiveness: Importance of the Micro-level
Analysis”

Yaichi Aoshima(Associate Professor, IIR)“Can the Japanese PV Industry Revive?”

Minoru Shimamoto(Associate Professor, Graduate School ofCommerce and Management, Hitotsubashi
University)

Featured Papers (continued)
Issue

Vol. / No.

Dec.
2011

Vol.59No.3

Title

Author(s)“Continuity and Changes of Lifestyle in India”

Yoshihiko Iwadare(Senior Consultant, Nomura Reseach Institute,
Ltd.)“Business Strategy of Industrial Goods Industry
in Indian Market”

Nobutaka Suzuki / Junjiro Shintaku(Office of Promotion for Medical Innovation , Kyoto University Medical Science andBusiness Liaison Organization ; Associate
Professor, Graduate School of Economics, The
University of Tokyo)“The Localization Strategy of Korean Firms in
India: In Comparison with Japanese Firms”

Young Won Park/ Tomofumi Amano(Adjunct Assosiate Professor, Manufacturing
Management Research Center, The University of Tokyo / Associate Professor, Graduate
School of Economics, Faculty of Economics,
The University of Tokyo)

Prajakta Khare“The Evolution of India's Auto Industry:
Growth of Auto Makers and Adverse Effects on (Postdoctoral Research Fellow, IIR)
Small Component Manufacturers in the Light ofIndustrial Policies”

Sep.
2011

Vol.59No.2“Towards a New Age of Indian Automotive
Market: Market Life-cycle and Products Strategies for Emerging Markets”

Zejian Li(Research Assosiate , Manufacturing Management Research Center, The University of Tokyo)“Suzuki's Indian Dream: Looking for a Blue
Ocean Somewhere but America”

Takashi Shimada(Representative Director,President, Indo Business Centre, Ltd.)“Trends of Financial Re-regulation and Ideas for Takafumi Sato
(Professor, Faculty of commerce and Managea Desirable Prudential Policy”
ment, Hitotsubashi University)“Macroprudential Approach: Framework, Imple- Yuri Okina(Counselor, The Japan Research Institute,mentation and Issues”
Limited)“A Macroeconomic thought on Stringent Capital Makoto Saito(Professor, Faculty of Economics, Hitotsubashi
Requirements”
University)“The Future of Financial Business under the New Yasuyuki Fuchita(Executive Fellow, Nomura Institute of Capitaland Tighter Regulatory Regime”
Markets Research)“Global Financial Business in Historical Perspec- Mariko Fujii(Professor, Research Center for Advanced Scitive”
ence and Technology, The University of Tokyo)“The Reform of Financial and Capital Markets in Eiichi Sekine(Chief Representative, Beijing Representative
China after the Global Financial Crisis”
Office, Nomura Institute of Capital Markets
Research)

Jun.
2011

Vol.59No.1“Towards a Communication Theory of Sustainable Innovation”

Ikujiro Nonaka(Emeritus Professor, Hitotsubashi University)“Toward HRM that Supports Individual Knowledge Creation”

Motohiro Morishima(Professor, Faculty of Commerce and Management, Hitotsubashi University)“Knowledge Co-Creation: Toward User-Based
Knowledge”

Susumu Ogawa/Yoshinori Fujikawa/Satoshi
Horiguchi (Professor, Graduate School of Business Administration, Kobe University; Associate Professor, ICS, Hitotsubashi University;
Graduate school of Business Administration,
Kobe University)67

Featured Papers (continued)
Issue

Vol. / No.

Jun.
2011

Vol.59
No.1

Title“Communications for Chance Discovery: Play
Collaborations with Collisions”

Author(s)Yukio Ohsawa/Yoko Nishihara(Professor; Lecturer, School of Engineering,
the University of Tokyo)“Knowledge Creating Social Innovation: Towards Ayano Hirose(Graduate School of International Corporatea Theory of Knowledge-Creating City”
Strategy, Hitotsubashi University)
Osamu Yamamoto“Re-designing Innovation System: A New Approach to Economic Growth through Knowledge (Partner, Unison Capital, Inc.)
Creation”

Mar.
2011

Vol.58
No.4“Knowledge-based Firm and Boundary Setting:
SECI Model Combined with Transaction Cost
Economics”

Kenshu Kikuzawa/Ikujiro Nonaka(Professor, Faculty of Business and Commerce,
Keio University; Emeritus Professor, Hitotsubashi University)“Paradigm Change after 3.11 in Japan”

Seiichiro Yonekura(Professor, IIR)

“Okuma Shigenobu: From Domestic Samurai to Seiichiro Yonekura(Professor, IIR)
International Statesman”“Why Has Yasuzaemon Matsunaga Been Defeated Takeo Kikkawa(Professor, Graduate School of Commerce andTwice?”
Management, Hitotsubashi University)“Chikara Kurata: A Historical Serendipity”

Kazuhisa Kawai(Lecturer, Faculty of Business Administration,
Okayama Shoka University)“Community Building Leadership in Science and Hiroshi Shimizu(Assistant Professor, IIR)
Technology: Hayashi Izuo and Laser Diodes”“The Renewal of Idemitsu Kosan; Sazo Idemitsu's Minoru Shimamoto
Professor, Graduate School ofManagement Philosophy and Akihiko Tenbo's (AssociateCommerce and Management, Hitotsubashi
Management Modernization”
University )
Dec.
2010

68

Vol.58
No.3“Japanese Content Market in US”

Masaki Kaifu(Head Representative, Producer, Woman
Media,LLC)“"Cool Japan" in North America”

Frederik L. Schodt(American translator, interpreter, writer)“The Man Who Produced Power Rangers: Haim
Saban and the Japanese Contents”“Dark Energy: What Fansubs Reveal about the
Copyright Wars”

Mami Toyonaga(JETRO)“The Ouroboros Strip, or, an Essay on Anime
Orientalism”

Ryotaro Mihara(Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)“The "Cool Japan" Craze among Central Ministries in Japan”

Takeshi Matsui(Associate Professor, Graduate School ofCommerce and Management, Hitotsubashi
University)

Ian Condry(Associate Professor, Comparative Media Studies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Featured Papers (continued)
Issue

Vol. / No.

Sep.
2010

Vol.58
No.2

Title

Author(s)“No More Lost Decade for Japan: How to Revitalize Her Competitiveness”

Seiichiro Yonekura/Kentaro Nobeoka/Yaichi
Aoshima(Professor; Professor; Associate Professor,
IIR)“Causes of the Growth and Stagnation of theJapanese Economy from the Perspective ofModern Macroeconomic Theories”

Shuhei Aoki
(Research Fellow, IIR)

“Beyond the ’Lost Decade’ : Rethinking the
Presence and Performance Analysis for JapaneseFirms in Global Competition”

Patrick Reinmoeller/Marc Baaij(Professor, School of Management, Cranfield
University; Associate Professor, Departmentof Strategic Management & Entrepreneurship,
Erasmus University)

Hiroshi Shimizu“Science and Technology in the Lost Two Decades: R&D Efficiency and Changes in Resource (Assistant Professor, IIR)
Allocation”

Jun.
2010

Vol.58No.1“To Recover Competitive Advantage: The Mythof Payout and Investment Policy”

Mikiharu Noma
(Associate Professor, ICS, Hitotsubashi
University)“Management Accounting and Competitivenessin the Japanese Financial Sector ”

Kentaro Koga/Masayuki Tanimori(Associate Professor, ICS, Hitotsubashi University; Resona Holdings, Inc.))“The Mission of Japan as a Forerunner for Addressing Emerging Problems in the World”

Hiroshi Komiyama(Chairman, Mitsubishi Research Institute,
Inc.)“Greenhouse Gas Reduction: ’Mamizu Policy’― Shozo Kaneko
Institute of Industrial Science, theA Powerful Driving Force for the Innovation of (Professor,
University of Tokyo)
Japan”“A Feasible Way for 25% Reduction of GHG
Emissions”

Takeo Kikkawa(Professor, Graduate School of Commerceand Management, Hitotsubashi University)“Japan Needs Energy and Environmental Policy
Innovation”

Tetsunari Iida
(Executive Director, Institute for Sustainable
Energy Policies )“A Half Century of Solar Power: The Challengeof Industry ’Government’ Academic Collaboration for Technology and Market Development”

Minoru Shimamoto(Associate Professor, Graduate School ofCommerce and Management, Hitotsubashi
University)

69

Business Cases
Issue

Vol./No.

Mar.
2012

Vol.59
No.4

Title
Disco: Solutions as a Source of Competitive
Advantage

Author(s)Yasuaki Niitsu / Kentaro Nobeoka(Graduate School of Commerce andManagement, Hitotsubashi University;
Professor, IIR)

Karaoke Machine Industry: How Did Two Com- Sakuya Yoshimura / Tatsuya Kubota(Faculty of Commerce and Management,
panies Dominate the Market?
Hitotsubashi University; COE Fellow, Graduate
School of Commerce and Management)

Dec.
2011

Sep.
2011

Jun.
2011

Vol.59No.3

Vol.59No.2

Vol.59
No.1

Seiko Epson

Yaichi Aoshima / Makoto Kitamura(Associate Professor, IIR; Associate Professor,
Faculty of Business Administration,Tokyo
Keizai University)

Kyoto Municipal Horikawa Senior High School

Makoto Ikeuchi / Hideki Karino / Shin
Shimizu / Shinsuke Takeda / Yu Ryu(Graduate School of Commerce andManagement, Hitotsubashi University)

Suruga Bank

Ryuji Yasuda(Professor, Graduate School of International
Corporate Strategy, Hitotsubashi University)

NISSHA Printing Co., Ltd.

Yasuaki Niitsu / Kentaro Nobeoka(Graduate School of Commerce andManagement, Hitotsubashi University;
Professor, IIR)

Toray Industries, Inc.: Development of the Reverse Osmosis Membrane Business

Masatoshi Fujiwara / Tomono Miki / Yaichi
Aoshima(Associate Professor, Kyoto Sangyo University;
Assistant Professor, Rikkyo University;
Associate Professor, Institute of Innovation
Research, Hitotsubashi University)

Asahi Breweries: Retaining and Transforming the Ikutaro Enatsu(Associate Professor, School of Economics,
Traditional Way of Human Resource DevelopNagoya University)
ment in Workplaces
Mar.
2010

Dec.
2010

Sep.
2010

70

Vol.58No.4

Vol.58No.3

Vol.58
No.2

The Strategy of Yamaha Corporation That Entered to Electronic Piano Market and Competedwith Other Company in 1970s-2000s

Nobutaka Suzuki / Eiichi Kobayashi / Ryoichi
Takase(Management Education and Research Center,the University of Tokyo;Senior Consultant,
Daiwa Institute of Research; Graduate Schoolof Economics, Kyoto University)

Tokyo Electric Power Company, Inc. and NGK
Insulators, Ltd.

Eishi Fukushima(Professor, Faculty of Business Administration,
Hosei University)

VIZ Media, LLC

Takeshi Matsui(Associate Professor, Graduate School ofCommerce and Management, Hitotsubashi
University)

Bandai Entertainment, Inc.

Ryotaro Mihara / Mayuka Yamazaki(the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry;
Senior Research Associate, Japan ResearchCenter, Harvard Business School)

Panasonic Corporation

Hideo Kudo / Kentaro Nobeoka(Prof., Graduate School of Economics, Kyoto(Assistant Professor, School of Management,
Tokyo University of Science; Professor, IIR)

Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.

Noriko Taji / Tomofumi Amano(Professor, Faculty of Business Administration,
Hosei University; Associate Professor,
Graduate School of Economics, The Universityof Tokyo)

Business Cases (continued)
IssueVol./No.

Jun.
2010

Vol.58
No.1

Title

Author(s)Lawson, Inc..

Takashi Nishimura(Associate Professor, Faculty of Integrated Arts
and Sciences, The University of Tokushima)

DENSO WAVE INCORPORATED.

Osamu Suzuki(Associate Professor, Institute of Business andAccounting, Professional Graduate School,
Kwansei Gakuin University)

Columns
Issue

Vol./No.

Title

AuthorSep. 2011Mar. 2012Vol.59 No.2Vol.59 No.4

The Story of Accidental Innovations(1)-(3)Kiyonori Sakakibara(Professor, Hosei Business School of
Innovation Management)

Sep. 2010Mar. 2012Vol.58 No.1Vol.59 No.4

Jinseigiron (2)-(6)Toshihiro Kanai(Professor, Graduate School of Business
Administration, Kobe University)

Leaders of MOT
Issue

Vol./No.

Interviewee

Interviewer(s)

Mar.
2012

Vol.59No.4

Masayoshi Tsuchiya(Director, Sony Corporation Creative Center, Sony Corporation)

Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima
Atsushi Osanai

Dec..
2011

Vol.59No.3

Seiichi Kiyama(Energy Device Company, Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.)

Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima

Sep.
2011

Vol.59
No.2

Hozumi Sato
(JSR Corporation)

Hiroyuki Chuma
Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima

Jun.
2011

Vol.59No.1

Kazuo Nishikawa(Sharp Coporation)

Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima

Mar.
2011

Vol.58
No.4

Yuzo Toda(Senior Vice President, Fujifilm Corporation)

Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima

Dec.
2010

Vol.58
No.3

Taro Shimada(Siemens Product Lifecycle Management Software Inc.)

Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima

Sep.
2010

Vol.58
No.2

Minoru Usui
(President, Seiko Epson Corporation)

Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima

Jun.
2010

Vol.58No.1

Koichi Matsuzawa(President, Kirin Brewery Company, Limited.)

Kentaro Nobeoka
Yaichi Aoshima

71Serials
IssueVol./No.

Title

Author(s)Mar. 2012Vol.59 No.4

Introduction to Business Economics(1)

Noriyuki Yanagawa(Professor, Graduate School of Economics, The
University of Tokyo)

Jun. 2011Sep. 2011Vol.58 No.1-3
Vol.59 No.1-3

Frontiers in Service Management(1)-(6)

Yoshinori Fujikawa(Associate Professor, ICS, Hitotsubashi
University)

Mar. 2011
Mar. 2012Vol.58 No.4
Vol.59 No.4

Porter Prize 2010
Porter Prize 2011

Emi Osono(Associate Professor, ICS, Hitotsubashi
University)

Commentaries on Key Words

72

Issue

Vol./No.

Title

AuthorMar.
2012

Vol.59
No.4

Auditor Independence

Kenichi Yazawa(Associate Professor, School of Business,
Aoyama Gakuin University)

Dec.
2011

Vol.59No.3

User Innovation

Hidehiko Nishikawa(Professor, Faculty of Business Administration,
Hosei University)

Sep.
2011

Vol.59No.2

Tunneling

Yasuharu Aoki
(Assistant Professor, Faculty of Commerce,
Nagoya University of Commerce and Business)

Jun.
2011

Vol.59
No.1

Tacit Knowledge

Toru Hirata(Professor, School of Economics, Collegeof Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa
University)

Mar.
2011

Vol.58
No.4

BOP

Takashi Kumon(Asia Business Consultant, Research Fellow,
School of Engineering, the University ofTokyo)

Dec.
2010

Vol.58
No.3

Simulcast

Tadashi Sudo
(Animeanime.jp)

Sep.
2010

Vol.58
No.2

Boundary of Employment

Tomoyuki Shimanuki(Assistant Professor, C&M, Hitotsubashi
Unviersity)

Jun.
2010

Vol.58
No.1

Sensory Marketing

Park Jae Woo(Associate Professor, Faculty of Commerce andEconomics, Chiba University of Commerce )Management Forum
Issue

Vol./No.

Interviewee

Interviewer(s)

Mar.
2012

Vol.59
No.4

Carl-A.Fechner(Journalist / Movie Director/Producer)

Seiichiro Yonekura

Dec.
2011

Vol.59No.3

Sinha Sanjeev(President, Sun and Sands Advisors Co.,Ltd)

Seiichiro Yonekura

Sep.
2011

Vol.59No.2

Ian Bremmer(President, Eurasia Group)

Seiichiro Yonekura

Jun.
2011

Vol.59No.1

Seiichiro Yonekura
Takeo Kikkawa(Professor, Graduate School of Commerce and Management, Hitotsubashi University, )

Mar.
2011

Vol.58
No.4

Kiyoyuki Okuyama(Industrial Designer)

Seiichiro Yonekura

Dec.
2010

Vol.58
No.3

Seiji Horibuchi(CEO, VIZ Pictures, Inc.)

Seiichiro Yonekura
Takeshi Matsui

Sep.
2010

Vol.58
No.2

Sakane Masahiro(Chairman, Komatsu Ltd.)

Seiichiro Yonekura

Jun.
2010

Vol.58
No.1

Soichiro Fukutake(Chairman, SIM-Drive)

Seiichiro Yonekura

Reviewed Articles
Issue

Vol./No.

Tilte

Author(s)

Mar.
2012

Vol.59
No.4“The Effect of Competitive Strategies on Business Performances in Japan: An Empirical
Study”

Dec.
2011

Vo.59
No.3

Yoshihiro Eshima“Entrepreneurial Strategic Orientation as theFaculty of Business Administration,
Strategic Engine for the Growth of Small Firms” (Professor,
Osaka University of Economics)

Jun.
2011

Vol.59No.1“User Innovation and Brand Community: Emer- Mitsutoshi Otake(Graduate School of Commerce andgence of Meanings for Consumer Goods”
Management, Hitotsubashi University)

Mar.
2011

Vol.58No.4“Importance of Accumulated-knowledge Technology: Technology that Produces Sustainable
Competitiveness”

Yoshihiro Takeshige(Asahi Life Asset Management Co.,Ltd.)

Kentaro Nobeoka(Professor, IIR)

73

IV. Research Results / Publications

2. Working Papers — Apr. 2010 ~ Mar. 2012
.

Title

Author(s)WP#12-07 Mar 2012 “Construction of a Diversified Database Using the Consolidated
Operating Results of Listed Japanese and U.S. Companies andBasic Findings”(in Japanese)

Young Gak Kim /Sadao Nagaoka

WP#12-06 Mar. 2012 “Wenzhounese Firms after the Lehman Shock: the Wenzhou
Model Revisited” (in Japanese)

Toshihiro Nishiguchi/
Jiang Hong Xiang/
Motoko Tsujita

WP#12-05 Mar. 2012 “Fujian Networks and Social Capital with Particular Reference to Motoko Tsujita /Toshihiro Nishiguchi
Fuqing Immigrants in Japan” (in Japanese)
WP#12-04 Feb. 2012 “Potential for Geothermal Energy Development in Japan: Lessons Yaichi Aoshima /Tomono Mikifrom Iceland
WP#12-03 Mar. 2012 “Wenzhounese Entrepreneurs' Way to Success: The Appropriation Toshihiro Nishiguchi/
of Networks and Social Capital”
Motoko Tsujita

Hiroshi Shimizu /WP#12-02 Feb. 2012 “The Nature of Inventive Activities:
Evidence from a Data-Set of the Okouchi Prizes and a Comparison Yusuke Hoshinowith the R&D 100 Awards” (in Japanese)

WP#12-01 Jan 2012 “Agenda for the Growth of Biotech Startups in Japan:”Yuji Honjo /Sadao Nagaoka /Kenta Nakamura /Yumi Shimizu

WP#11-10 Oct 2011 “Today's Oral History: Mr. Jun'ichi Endo, Who Became Nissan'sYoungest Managing Director from within, Talks about CEO
Ghosn's Reform and the Efficacy of Cross-functional Teams”

Toshihiro Nishiguchi/
Satoru Oguchi

WP#11-09 Oct 2011 “Knowledge Creation Process in Science: Key Comparative Find- Sadao Nagaoka /Masatsura Igami /ings from the Hitotsubashi-NISTEP-Georgia Tech Scientists'
John P. Walsh /Survey in Japan and the US”
Tomohiro Ijichi

WP#11-08 May 2011 “Searching for the Causes of Weakening International Competitiveness in Japanese Semiconductor Industry: Social Network
Approach”

Hiroyuki Chuma

WP#11-07 May 2011 “Innovation Process as Seen in the R&D Consortia Supported by
NEDO”

Sadao Nagaoka /Manabu Eto /Yusuke Naito /Naotoshi Tsukada

WP#11-06 Apr. 2011 “An Influence of Organizational Positioning of R&D Activity on Yaichi Aoshima /Innovation Process: A Comparative Analysis of ArF Resist Materi- Tatsuya Kubota
als Development ”

74

WP#11-05 Apr. 2011 “A Model of Technology Transfer in Japan's Rapid Economic
Growth Period”

Shuhei Aoki

WP#11-04 Mar. 2011 “Influence that Distance from the Divisional Environment has on
the Innovation Process: A Comparative Analysis of ArF Resist
Materials Development”

Tatsuya Kubota /Yaichi Aoshima /Youngjae Koh

WP#11-03 Mar. 2011 “A Profitability Analysis of Semiconductor Industry: Empirical
Analysis by Financial Panel Data of Semiconductor Companies”

Masao Nakaya

WP#11-02 Feb. 2011 “Commercialization of Government Funded R&D: Follow-up
Research Survey on NEDO Research Projects”

Yaichi Aoshima /Kazunari Matsushima /Manabu Eto

IV. Research Results / Publications

.

Title

Author(s)WP#11-01 Jan. 2011 Paradigm Innovation through the Strategic Collaboration between Eugene K. Choi
TORAY & UNIQLO: Evolution of A New Fast Fashion Business
Model
WP#10-09 Dec. 2010 “Digitalization and Innovationl”

Youngjin Yoo

Sadao Nagaoka /WP#10-08 Dec. 2010 “Knowledge Creation Process in Science:
Basic Findings from a Large-Scale Survey of Researchers in Japan Masatsura Igami /Manabu Eto /(English Version)”
Tomohiro Ijichi

WP#
Nov. 2010 “Knowledge Creation Process in Science:
10-07_1
Basic Findings from a Large-Scale Survey of Researchers in
10-07_2
Japan” (in Japanese)

Sadao Nagaoka /Masatsura Igami /Manabu Eto /Tomohiro Ijichi

WP#10-06 Sep. 2010 “Lithography and ITRS”

Masaomi Kameyama

WP#10-05 Sep. 2010 “Science-Based Business: Knowledge Capital or Entrepreneurial
Ability?
Theory and Evidence from a Survey of Biotechnology Start-ups”

Serguey Braguinsky/
Yuji Honjo /Sadao Nagaoka /Kenta Nakamura

WP#10-04 Aug. 2010 “Technology that Produces Sustainable Competitiveness:
A Comparison of Innovative Technologies and AccumulatedKnowledge Technologies”

Kentaro Nobeoka

WP#10-03 Jul. 2010 “Agenda for the Growth of Biotech Startups in Japan: Finance,
Sources of Core Technology, Alliance and the Role of Patent
System”

Yuji Honjo /Sadao Nagaoka /Kenta Nakamura /Yumi Shimizu

WP#10-02 Jun. 2010 “Capabilities of Technology Utilization and Technology Integretaion: Impact of 3D Technologies on Product Development Process and Performance in Japan and China”

Yoko Takeda /Yaichi Aoshima /Kentaro Nobeoka

WP#10-01 Apr. 2010 “Value Creation and Value Capture at Manufacturing Firms: Importance of Non-functional Value”

Kentaro Nobeoka

75

IV. Research Results / Publications

3. Case Studies — Apr. 2010 ~ Mar. 2012
(In Japanese)

Title
CASE#12-01 Jan. 2012 “Seiko Epson Corporation: Development and Commercialization of the 3LCD Projector”

Author(s)Yuichiro Okumura /Manabu Eto

CASE#11-04 Sep. 2011 “DENSO CORPORATION: Development and Commercializa- Seigo Itotion of Electronically Controlled Fuel Injectors (EFI)”
CASE#11-03 Sep. 2011 “Mitsubishi Electric Corporation: Development and Mass Production of Artificial Retina LSI”

Komuro /Manabu Eto

CASE#11-02 Sep. 2011 “Reorganization of Kozantei Ubuya Co., Ltd.”

Izumi Asakura /Kohei Kawazoe /Ryosuke Kogure /Tomohisa Hamada/ Kenta Fujimori /Ryota Yanagisawa

CASE#11-01 May 2011 “DENSO CORPORATION: Development and Commercializa- Seigo Itotion of Type 3 Alternator for Automobiles”
CASE#10-11 Dec. 2010 “Toray Industries, Inc.: Development of the Polyamide Compos- Masatoshi Fujiwara/
Yaichi Aoshima /ite Reverse Osmosis Membrane and Reverse Osmosis MemTomono Mikibrane System”
CASE#10-10 Sep. 2010 “Nakata Manufacturing Co., Ltd.: Development and Practical
Application of the FFX Mill”

Atsushi Tsumita /Masatoshi Fujiwara

Satishi Kudo /CASE#10-09 Aug. 2010 “Sony Corporation: Development and Mass Production ofCompound Semiconductor Devices using the MOCVD Method” Hiroshi Shimizu

CASE#10-08 Jul. 2010 “Reorganization of Takai Tofu & Soymilk Equipment Co.”

Yusuke Imai / Kei
Iwasaki/Tadashi
Saimu / Yuichiro
Suzuki / Masatomo
Yamada

CASE#10-07 Jul. 2010 “Panasonic: Development of the IH Cooking Heater”

Hideo Kudo /Kentaro Nobeoka

CASE#10-06 Jul. 2010 “Yokogawa Electric Works, Ltd.: High-speed Confocal Microscope Development and Commercialization Process”

Tatsuya Kubo /Yaichi Aoshima

CASE#10-05 Jul. 2010 “Nippon Steel Corporation: Coke Oven Diagnosis/Repair Tech- Yaichi Aoshima /Izumi Okubo
nology”
CASE#10-04 May 2010 “NEC Corporation: Development of ArF Resist Material that
Enables Mass Production of State-of-the-Art LSI”

Yaichi Aoshima/
Youngjae Koh /Tatsuya Kubo

CASE#10-03 Apr 2010 “NHK Science & Technical Research Laboratories, NHK Engi- Tomono Miki /Atsushi Tsumita /neering Services, Inc. and Victor Company of Japan, Ltd.:
Development of Radios and Televisions Equipped with Speech Yaichi Aoshima
Rate Conversion Technology”

76‘The new combinations appear discontinuously, then the phenomenon
characterising development emerges.’
Joseph A. Schumpeter
The Theory of Economic Development

Institute of Innovation Research
Hitotsubashi University
2-1 Naka, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8603, Japan
Tel: +81-(0) 425-80-8411
Fax: +81-(0) 425-80-8410
http://www.iir.hit-u.ac.jp/iir-w3/index.html

59

ANNUAL REPORT2004 2005