Overview of EU Activities in P & T
Research in the EURATOM 6th and7th Framework Programmes
Ved Bhatnagar*
Nuclear Fission and Radiation Protection
Unit J.4, DG Research

European Commission
Brussels

e-mail:Ved.Bhatnagar@ec.europa.eu__________* In collaboration with G. Van Goethem

9IEM P&T, Nimes, FR

25-28 Sep 2006

V. Bhatnagar, EC, Brussels

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYOUTLINE• EU Energy Concerns and Strategy• European Research Area andFramework Programs (FPs)– FP7– FP6• Conclusions

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYEU Energy Concerns• Energy is the driver of economic growthand prosperity• Energy concerns have been a permanentfeature of the European reconstruction• Two of the three European treaties deal
with energy:– European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)
Paris 1951
– European Atomic Energy Community(EURATOM) Rome 1957

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYEU Energy Strategy•A ‘round’ of discussions on future direction of the EU energy
policy started in 2000 which were outlined in the Green Paper‘Towards a European Strategy for the Security of Energy
Supply’.

•A new round of consultation and discussions are underway for‘A European Strategy for Sustainable, Competitive and Secure
Energy’ and will be completed by the end of 2006: visit thewebsite (http://ec.europa.eu/energy/green-paperenergy/index_en.htm).

•Six priority areas have been identified––––Competitiveness and the internal energy market
Diversification of the energy mix
Solidarity
Sustainable development–External policy– Innovation and technology•9IEM P&T, Nimes, FR

25-28 Sep 2006

V. Bhatnagar, EC, Brussels

The 7th Research Framework Program will be essential for thepriority ‘Innovation and technology’ for research in different
areas of energy mix and a ‘European Institute of Technology’(EIT) is proposed to be established.

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYEU Energy Strategy• Implementation of EU energy strategy requires
research and development of new technologies ina variety of areas.
• The technologies developed in Europe can beused or adapted to meet the needs of the othercountries.
• Framework Programs of the European Union havebeen a very fruitful tool to channel common
research funds in areas of European–wide
interest especially where European added value
dominates.
• International collaboration is an important policy
element of the EU Framework Programs.

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYEU Research• There are at present 25 member nations* in the EU.
• The principal framework of research in EU is national.
• Various initiatives of European Community and Intergovernmental Sc. & Tech. cooperation effort is < 17% of total
public civilian expenditure of European research.
• EU framework program (FP) of research is only about 6% of
total public financial effort of the entire EU.
• The fragmentation, isolation and disparity of regulatory andadministrative systems, which lowers the impact ofinvestment in research, is being constantly improved throughthe establishment of a ‘European Research Area’ (ERA).
_____________________________________* AT, BE, DK, Fi, FR, EL, DE, IE, IT, LU, NL, PT, ES, SE, UK and since May 2004

Cyprus, Czech Rep, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia,Slovenia.

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYThe European Research Area
• ERA is a blueprint for the future of research in Europe.
• Enjoys broad support at the highest political, scientificand industrial levels.
• The ERA has been implemented since the start of FP6.

National
programmes‘Coordination’Frameworkprogramme

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7Europeanresearch policy

Europeanorganisations

EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYThe European Research Area(ERA)Aim:• Achieve greater co-operation between
Member States’ research strategy• Mutual Opening up of Programmes• Bring its research effort on par withcompetitors

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYEURATOM Budget(under discussion)
FP6
FP7*(2002-06) (07-11)
M€M€• Fusion Energy Res8242159• Fission & Rad Prot209394• JRC’s Nuclear Activity 319
539________Total
1352
3092

FP7**(07-11) (07-13)
M€
M€
1947
2900
287
411
517
750
________
2751
4061*FP7 Commission’s proposal April 2005** Revised 1st iteration with Council and EP (April 2006)

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYEURATOMFP7
FP7(2007-11)(2007-11)
EURATOM
NuclearFission
Fission&&Radiation
RadiationProtection
Protection
NuclearGeologicaldisposal
disposalof
oflong-lived
long-lived
Geologicalradioactivewaste
wasteandandthethereduction
reductionof
ofradioactive
toxicityof
ofradioactive
radioactivewaste
wastethroughthroughtoxicity
partitioning&&transmutationtransmutation
partitioning
Operationalsafety
safetyof
ofexisting
existingreactor
reactorOperational
systemsand
andthethepotential
potentialof
offuture
futuresystemsreactorsystems
systemsforforsafer,safer,more
moreefficientefficient
reactorpowerplants
plantsandandcompetitivecompetitivenuclear
nuclearpower
industryindustry
Radiationprotection
protection––especially
especiallyrisks
risks
Radiation
fromlow
lowdoses,
doses,medical
medicaluses,
uses,emergencyemergency
frommanagementand
andmitigation
mitigationof
ofthe
theimpact
impactmanagement
ofradiologicalradiologicalterrorism
terrorism
of9IEM P&T, Nimes, FR

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Keycross-cutting
cross-cuttingKey
activities:
activities:
Supportforfor-- Support
research
research
infrastructures
infrastructures
retaining-- retaining
competencescompetences
andknow-how
know-howin
inandallareas
areasofofall
nuclearsciencesciencenuclear

EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYManagement ofRadioactive Waste in FP7
OBJECTIVES• Implementation oriented R&D on all remaining key
aspects of deep geological disposal of spent fuel andlong-lived radioactive waste and, as appropriate,demonstration on technologies and safety and tounderpin the development of a common European
view on the main issues related to management anddisposal of waste• Research on Partitioning and Transmutation and/or

other concepts aimed at reducing the amount and or
hazard of the waste disposal

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGY

Cross-cutting Activities
OBJECTIVES•InfrastructuresTo support the availability of, and cooperation
between, research infrastructures necessary tomaintain high standards of technical achievement,
innovation and safety in the European nuclear
sector•Human resources and training
To support the retention and further developmentof scientific competence and human capacity inorder to guarantee the availability of suitably
qualified researchers and employees in the nuclear
sector over the long term

9IEM P&T, Nimes, FR

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V. Bhatnagar, EC, Brussels

12EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGY

Aims of P&T in assisting waste
management and geological disposal• Extract a large part of the energy-bearing component of
the waste thereby reducing the toxicity and waste
volume and effectively increase the capacity ofrepositories.
• Assist in reducing the high temperature of the waste in
the first 200 years that otherwise would restrict thepacking capacity of the repository.
• Transmute selectively long-lived elements to morestable ones in dedicated fast-neutron devices• P&T thus aims to– Ease the final geological repository requirements.

9IEM P&T, Nimes, FR

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGY

R&D in Partitioning andTransmutation in FP7• Objective– Investigate ways of reducing the amount and/or
hazard of the waste by P & T or other techniques• Activities– RTD in all areas of P&T to develop pilot facilities forthe most advanced partitioning processes andtransmutation technologies involving sub-critical andcritical systems.

– Explore the potential of concepts that produce lesswaste in nuclear energy generation including the more
efficient use of fissile material in existing reactors.

9IEM P&T, Nimes, FR

25-28 Sep 2006

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGY

Cross-cutting Activities
Infrastructures• objective: To support the availability of, and cooperation
between, research infrastructures necessary tomaintain high standards of technical achievement,innovation and safety in the European nuclear sector• Activities: Pilot/test facilities for P & T
Human resources and training• objective: To support the retention and further
development of scientific competence and humancapacity in order to guarantee the availability of suitably
qualified researchers and employees in the nuclear
sector over the long term.
• Activities: Training and mobility of researchers

9IEM P&T, Nimes, FR

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYPossible schemes for waste management(Acknowledgement: EUROTRANS)

9IEM P&T, Nimes, FR

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGY

Interconnections ofP,T GD and RS

GD
P
P: Partitioning

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25-28 Sep 2006

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17TRS

GD: Geological Disposal

T: Transmutation(Technology)
RS: Reactor System(Technology)

EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYEURATOM
P & T Budget has grown
M€
TBD
43.5

50
4540Million Euro

3528302520151054.85.8

1990-1994

1994-98

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1998-2002

2002-06

EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYEURATOM FP6 P&T Projects Underway
SNAcronym

15PATEROS
REDIMPACTEUROPARTEUROTRANSELSY

6PUMA

79VELLALWRDEPUTYEFNUDAT10CANDIDE

11NUDAME

2348Title

Budget (M€)
TotalEC

Coordinator

0.8

0.6

3.9

2.0

SCK/CEN(BE)
KTH(SE)

6.0

CEA
(FR)

45.0

23.0

FZK(DE)

Waste transmutation in Lead
Cooled critical system
Pu and MA Management by
thermal Gas-cooled system
Networking of lead loop
infrastructures in Europe
LWR fuels for deep burning ofPu in thermal systems

6.9
3.7
3.3

2.95
1.85
2.3

2.4

1.25

Networking of EU facilities fornuclear data measurements
Networking of Nuclear data for
EU Industrial Development
Trans-national access fornuclear data measurements
Totals

3.0
0.8

2.4
0.8

0.2

0.2

81.0

43.5

P&T European Road-map
Impact study of P&T on Waste
management
Partitioning techniques andprocesses
All Aspects of Transmutation
by sub-critical ADS

11.2

ANSALDO
(IT)
NRG
(NL)
ENEA
(IT)
SCK/CEN
(BE)
CNRS
(FR)
UU
(SE)
EC-JRC(IRMM)

International Cooperation• Cooperation agreements with Canada, USA andsome other countries.
– Technical cooperation with FP6 running projects suchas EUROPART and EUROTRANS• Cooperation with Russian Federation and Ukraine
under ISTC (Moscow) and STCU (Ukraine).
– ISTC (since 1992) funding parties (EU, Japan, USA,Norway, Rep. Korea)– STCU (since 1995) funding parties (EU, USA, Canada)– COOPERATION FP5/FP6 and ISTC/STCU projects inthe area of• Basic nuclear/material data and neutronics of ADS• Aqueous separation chemistry

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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGYConclusions• An important element in EU energy strategy, ‘Innovationand technology’, requiring research and development isbeing implemented via multi-annual (5-7 year duration)
Framework Programs.
• Significant progress has been made in establishing
European Research Area in Partitioning andTransmutation in the EU and will be further reinforced inFP7.
• A well-balanced portfolio of 11 P&T projects in Euratom
FP6 (2002-06) are underway with a total budget of ~81
M€ and EC contribution of ~43.5 M€.
• All major actors of P&T in EU are a part of these projects.
• Launching of FP7 (2007-11) is well on its way and is due
to start on 1 January 2007.
• International cooperation is an important element in theEU research policy.
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EURATOM RESEARCH AND TRAINING ON NUCLEAR ENERGY