SEWERAGE DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
Nanda Lasro Elisabet SIRAIT, Section Head of Specific
Environmental and Sanitation Subdirectorate,
Directorate General of Human Setlements, Ministry ofPublic Works and Housing (MPWH) Republic ofIndonesia

Conference on Watershed Management
for Controlling Municipal Wastewater in South East Asia

CURRENT CONDITIONS AND FUTURE TARGETS

Off-site System
IMPROVEDSANITATION

On-site Systemwith Regular
Desludging
On-site System
without Regular
Desludging

IMPROVEDSANITATION
85BASICSANITATIONWITHOUTACCESS

Basic Sanitation
No AccessOpen Defecation

BASICSANITATION22019 Universal Access

3

WASTEWATER SERVICE100%Urban
100%

Rural
100%

Off-site System: 15%
On-Site System: 85%

On-Site System: 100%

3

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
Up-stream• > 95% of domestic wastewater ismanaged by on-site system (septictank and septage treatment), withlow quality• Low awareness of hygiene andsanitation in communities• Low quality of sanitation facility• Low access to sanitation facility• Limited land availability in slum urban
area

Down-stream• Polluted water sources• Low effluent quality from on-sitesystem• High cost of investment,operational and maintenance foroff-site system• Non-functional existing sanitation
facility• Low priority on sanitation investment, both at government and community
level (land availability, planning, committment)
4•Stronger regulation and enforcement is needed !!!

4

SANITATION DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
City Sanitation Strategy (SSK) &WASTEWATER MASTERPLAN/OUTLINE PLAN
Strategic Plan:
Program, Activity,Investment

PrimaryStudy(EHRA, etc)

Existing Condition

Implementation –Monitoring &Evaluation

Formulation of sanitation system development
strategies :on-site & off-site

Determination ofRisk Area

5SANITATION DEVELOPMENT SCHEMEWASTEWATER SYSTEMLOW DENSITY

On-site system

HIGH DENSITY

Off-site system(communal, decentralized, cityscale)LOW DENSITY

Latrines
Septic tanks(basic Sanitation)

URBAN

RURAL
On-siteHIGH DENSITYURBAN- CLTS

URBAN/RURAL - DENSITY

Community
Lead to
Total
Sanitation((CLTS)

Communal Off site
6

MANAGEMENT APPROACH

ApproachCommunity Based

Level

Neighborhood

Institutional Based
City Wide

1. Pro-Poor
2. Slum area

Demand Responsive Approach

Metropolitan & Large City

1. Rural
CLTS –> on-site

Off-site system

Medium & Small City

2. Urban Slums
Sanimas –> smallscale off-site- Integrated on-site and off-site systems
with focus on SeptageTreatment
Management

Old City- Shallow/small bore sewer or small
scale sewerage integrated to municipal
sewage system to support revitalization

Regional/NationalIntercity/interregional
development ofwastewater
infrastructure toprotect watershed
Clean RiverProgram(PROKASIH) or
similar program

New City- Small sewerage system for Low Cost
Housing area
- Encourage sewerage development for
new town
7

WHAT DO WE DO ???
Develop:– On-site System• Individual Septic Tank
• Communal Septic Tank
• Septage Transport Vehicle• Septage Treatment Plant– Off-site System• City Scale• Small Scale• Specific Area

Encourage:
1. Campaign, Education, andPromotion
2. Advocacy to Local
Governments
3. Management TechnicalAssistance
4. Updating City Sanitation
Strategies
5. Cross Sectoral
Synchronization
6. Human Resources
Development
8

MOVING FORWARDS
Prior to 2015
• Strenthening provincial government roles• Improving quality cities sanitation strategic plan
• Promoting awareness of and proper attitude towards sanitation andhygiene at users and management

2015 onwards: focusing on implementation• Full support form the central national• More than 350 districts/cities with sanitation strategic plan

100% coverage of basic infrastructure, including sanitation in 2019
• Continuing Open Defecation Free Program• Improving quality of septage management• Increasing coverage of off-site system in urban areas
910

ESTIMATION OF INFRASTUCTURES NEEDED FOR
UNIVERSAL ACCESSOFF SITE SYSTEM

ON SITE SYSTEM

Target by 2019: 2 million Household

Target by 2019: 20 million Household- House Connection Construction in 13
existing city scale WWTP (exclude
MSMHP and MSMIP): 150.000 HC- House Connection Construction in City
Scale WWTP (Jambi, Pekanbaru,
Makassar, DKI Jakarta, Medan,Yogyakarta): 150.000 HC- Small Scale WWTP Construction: 2.400unit (@200 – 1000 HC): 1,2 million HC- Community based WWTP Construction:
5.000 unit (@100 HC): 500 ribu HC- Septage Treatment Plants Construction:
337 cities/regencies- Septage transport vehicle supporting: 337
units- Septic tank construction: 10 million HH- Public Toilet Construction (Communal
septic tank): 50.000 unit (@50 KK): 2,5million HH- Latrine (Basic Sanitation): 7,5 million HH10SEPTAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMFor Onsite & Small scale sewerage, beside expanding the access weare now also focussing on
IMPROVING the QUALITY of SEPTAGE MANAGEMENT

SeptageTransportVehicle

Wastewater Treatment:o Individual Septic Tanko Comunal Septic Tanko Small Scale Sewerage

Septage Treatment Plant
Only 170 out of 517
cities/regencies owned STP

On Call Basis Desludging / Regular Desuldging
11CITY SCALE SEWERAGE IN INDONESIA
NoCityUnits

SystemCapacity
(CMD)

Idle
Capacity

10.00043,5 %

1Medan1UASB

2Parapat1

Aerated Ponds

2000

94,25%

3

Batam1Oxidation Ditch

2.852

97,37%

4

Jakarta Zone 0

1MBBR

38.88098,19%

5

Tangerang

1

Aerated Ponds

2.800

94,74%

6Bandung1

Lagoons

80.8350%

7Cirebon4

Lagoons

20.50053%

8Surakarta

3

Biofilter &Lagoons

14.00056,38%

9

DI Yogyakarta

1

Aerated Ponds

15.50064,5%10Denpasar &Badung

1

Aerated Ponds

51.00037,2%11

Balikpapan

1

Aerated Ponds

800

20%

12

Banjarmasin

7RBC

18.00085,55%

13

Manado

1

RBC

2.000

90%

12

BIG QUESTIONS:HOW TO UTILIZE THE IDLE CAPACITY????

Problems: Low Awareness of the Households Owners, Low Budget forhouse connections from Local Government, No law enforcement
13

ON GOING DEVELOPMENT OF
CITY SCALE SEWERAGE IN INDONESIA
Banda Aceh

Pekanbaru

Batam

Jambi
Palembang

Makassar

Banda Aceh National Budget
Jambi, Pekanbaru & Makassar ADB Loan & National Budget
Palembang IndII Grant & National Budget
Batam EDCF Loan
14

UPCOMING OPPORTUNITIES OF
SEWERAGE IN INDONESIA

TernateBandar Lampung
DKI Jakarta
Surabaya
BogorBandung
Denpasar
Bandar Lampung, Bogor & Surabaya Masterplan, Feasibility Study & Detailed Engineering
Design (DED) already available
DKI Jakarta Masterplan & Feasibility Study for Zone 1 & 6 available, DED for Zone
2,3,4,5,7,8,10 are on process
Greater Bandung Preparation of Study for WWTP upgrading & coverage expansion
Denpasar DED for WWTP upgrading and urgent area are on process
Ternate Land Preparation are on Process
15

CHALLENGES ON EXPANDING
CITY SCALE SEWERAGE COVERAGE• Land Availabity• High CAPEX & OPEX vs Limited Budget
on Central & Local Budget• Limited Human Resources on Sanitation
Sectors• Needs of Regulation & Law Enforcement• Awareness of the Community

16EXPECTED TECHNOLOGIESA city scale sewerage system requires high investment cost, the needs
for approriate technology for tropical climate with a relatively low in
operation and maintenance costs have never been more urgent

17BLUE BOOK 2015- 2019
Development of Waste Water Management Program
Total: USD 3.583.000.000
1234567Community Based Sanitation Program (SANIMAS)
Jakarta Sewerage Development Project - Zone 1 and Zone 6
The Development of Sewage Treatment Plant Facility in Priority AreaSewerage System Development in Indonesia
Denpasar Sewerage Development Project - Phase III
The Development and Optimization of Wastewater Treatment in Greater Bandung
Engineering Service for City-Wide Sanitation Improvement

18DKI JAKARTA SEWERAGE
The acceleration process of Jakarta
Sewerage (to support NCICD)
shift the priority of WWTP Zones

Zone

Location of WWTP

Priority on
Masterplan
Short

Priority onAcceleration
1

No.1

Waduk Pluit

No.2

Muara Angke

Long

2

No.3

Srengseng City ForestPark

Long

2

No.4

Tebet

Mid

5

No.5

Danau Sunter

Mid

3

No.6

STP Duri Kosambi

Short

1

No.7

Kamal - Pegadungan

Long

2No.8

Marunda

Mid

5

No.9

RorotanLong

5No.10STP Pulo Gebang

Mid5No.11

Bendi Park & Waduk
UlujamiLong3No.12

Ragunan LandLong3No.13

Waduk Kp. DukuhLong

4No.14

Waduk Ceger RW 05Long4• Detailed Design for Zone 2,3,4,5,7,8,10 are
now done by PDPAL JAYA
• Zone 1 Detailed Design using JICA loan IP-565
are on Tender Process• Zone 1 Construction & Zone 6 Detailed
Design-Construction already on the Blue Book19

DKI JAKARTA ZONE 1

DKI Jakarta Sewerage Zone 1Study
Document

Master Plan DKI Jakarta Sewerage :2011-2012 (JICA)
Preparatory Survey on CentralSewerage Treatment in Jakarta 2013Loan Agreement IP-565: February 24th 2014
1,968,000,000 Yen
EIA : DKI Jakarta (2016/2017)
Supporting
Document

Detailed Design fo 954m Trunk Sewer(JICA Grant)

Construction

Zona 1 Total (2018-2020)
DED & Tender Assistance Zone 1 :Loan JICA IP-565

WWTP moved to Pluit Ponds

WWTP Zone 1 : Loan
Funding
Sewer Network :Already on Blue Book
Central Government : DKI Jakarta Sharing
55% : 45%20

DKI JAKARTA ZONE 6
WWTP Zona 6 (Duri Kosambi – 6 ha)

Status:• Pre-Fact Finding Mission for DKI Jakarta
Sewerage Zone 6 at 28 Sept – 9 Oct 2015
• WWTP will be located at Duri Kosambi (6Ha)• Already Include in Blue Book 2015-2019• Supplemental Study for Jakarta
Sewerage Development Project Zone 6will be held around September 2016

Coverage : ± 282.000 m3/day
Divided into 4 phases:• Phase 1: 1.183 ha (20%)• Phase 2: 1.904 ha (32%)• Phase 3: 1.421 ha (24%)• Phase 4: 1.367 ha (24%)
21

DENPASAR SEWERAGE
DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (DSDP)(1) Service Area (2008-2014)
DENPASAR, SANUR and KUTA

BALI ISLAND

Coverage Area:
DSDP- I: 1,145 ha
DSDP- II: 971 (815) haDSDP-III: 2,013 ha
Total : 4,129 ha (Overall)

DENPASAR(2) Service Area Expansion:
Before : 4,129 ha (Overall)
SEMINYAK

After : 7,098 ha (Overall)
Design population: Approx. 327,000
personDesign Upgraded WWTP:
Approx. 81,000 m3/day

LEGIANSANUR BEACH

ISLANNG(4) Detail Design for WWTP and urgent
area DSDP III will be finished on May
2016

WWTP(51,000m3/day)
For DSDP-I & IIRA

KUTA

AN

D

KUTA BEACH

SE(3) DSDP-III: Already in Blue Book
2015-2019

SANUR

LEGEND

DSDP I

SEWER PIPEFORCE MAIN

BOUNDARY OF SEWERAGESERVICE AREAWASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT

DSDP IIPUMPING STATION

Phase I : On-going Area

BENOA BAY

DSDP III

Phase II : Urgent Area In JICA M/P
Phase III : Future Expansion Area22

ありがとう ございます(Arigatou gozaimasu)

THANK YOU