When we talk about one thing having another thing, we can add “ ‘s ”
to the first noun that has the second noun.
For example, if David has a car and we want to talk about this car, we can say:David’s car
Here are some more examples: the man’s dog, Jill’s book, the girl’s hat, his
sister’s pen

263

1. This is Peter’s book.
2. This is Sally’s table.
3. This is my mother’s chair.
4. That is my father’s car.
5. That is my sister’s room.
6. This is Brian’s paper.
7. That is Anna’s phone.
8. This is my brother’s shirt.
9. That is her sister’s skirt.
10. These are Kim’s pens.

264

1. This is Peter’s book.
2. This is Sally’s book.
3. This is Sally’s chair.
4. This is Brian’s chair.
5. That is Brian’s chair.
6. That is Brian’s car.
7. That is Anna’s car.
8. That is Anna’s room.

265

1. This is Sally’s book.
2. This is Sally’s English book.
3. This is Sally’s English book on the table.
4. This is Sally’s English book on the white table.
5. This is Sally’s new English book on the white table.

266

1. That is a chair.
2. That is my mother’s chair.
3. That is my mother’s chair in the room.
4. That is my mother’s red chair in the room.
5. That is my mother’s red chair in the big room.

267

1. This is Anna’s phone.
2. This is Anna’s new phone.
3. This is Anna’s new black phone.
4. These are Anna’s new black phone and bag.
5. These are Anna’s new black phone and red bag.

268

1. My sister’s room is across the table. Repeat.
2. My sister’s room is across the table. Transform: what. --- [What is across thetable?]
3. My sister’s room is across the table. Transform: where. --- [Where is mysister’s room?]
4. My sister’s room is across the table. Transform: not. --- [My sister’s room is
not across the table.]269

1. Peter broke my sister’s phone yesterday. Repeat.
2. Peter broke my sister’s phone yesterday. Transform: who. --- [Who broke mysister’s phone yesterday?]
3. Peter broke my sister’s phone yesterday. Transform: what. --- [What did Peter
break yesterday?]
4. Peter broke my sister’s phone yesterday. Transform: when. --- [When did
Peter break my sister’s phone?]
5. Peter broke my sister’s phone yesterday. Transform: not. --- [Peter did notbreak my sister’s phone yesterday.]2701. My mother cleaned my sister’s room last week. Repeat.
2. My mother cleaned my sister’s room last week. Transform: who. --- [Whocleaned my sister’s room last week?]
3. My mother cleaned my sister’s room last week. Transform: when. --- [Whendid my mother clean my sister’s room?]
4. My mother cleaned my sister’s room last week. Transform: what. --- [What did
my mother clean last week?]
5. My mother cleaned my sister’s room last week. Transform: not. --- [My mother
did not clean my sister’s room last week.]271

1. That is my father’s phone.
2. This is my mother’s room.
3. She puts Anna’s bag on the table.
4. He gave Sally’s book yesterday.
5. These are Peter’s books.
6. These are my sister’s bags.
7. Those are my brother’s shirts.
8. Those are Kim’s balls.

272

1. He gave Sally’s book yesterday.
2. He gave Peter’s book yesterday.
3. He gave Peter’s book last week.
4. He gave Peter’s phone last week.
5. She gave Peter’s phone last week.
6. She gave Kim’s phone last week.
7. She gave Kim’s bag last week.
8. She broke Kim’s bag last week.

273

For example, we can say: The dog is big. If we want to say that the dog is“bigger than big”, we can add one of the intensifiers ‘very’ or ‘really’.
The cat is small. > The cat is very small.
That baby is cute. > That baby is really cute.

274

1. This door is very big.
2. That room is really big.
3. That chair is very small.
4. This room is really clean.
5. My bag is very cheap.
6. My phone is very cute.
7. Her book is really heavy.
8. This pen is very old.
9. That music is really interesting.
10. That building is very high.

275

1. This book is very heavy.
2. This book is really heavy.
3. That book is really heavy.
4. That book is really light.
5. That chair is really light.
6. That chair is really cheap.
7. That pen is really cheap.
8. That pen is very cheap.

276

1. That book is heavy.
2. That book is very heavy.
3. That book on the table is very heavy.
4. That book on the long table is very heavy.

277

1. My room is big.
2. My room is really big.
3. My room and her room are really big.
4. My room and her room are really big and clean.

278

1. This book is big.
2. This book is very big.
3. These books are very big.
4. These books are very big and heavy.
5. These books in my hand are very big and heavy.

279

1. She drove her very cute car yesterday. Repeat.
2. She drove her very cute car yesterday. Transform: who. --- [Who drove hervery cute car yesterday?]
3. She drove her very cute car yesterday. Transform: when. --- [When did she
drive her very cute car?]
4. She drove her very cute car yesterday. Transform: what. --- [What did she
drive yesterday?]
5. She drove her very cute car yesterday. Transform: not. --- [She did not drive
her very cute car yesterday.]280

1. He dropped his really heavy book in the room. Repeat.
2. He dropped his really heavy book in the room. Transform: who. --- [Whodropped his really heavy book in the room?]
3. He dropped his really heavy book in the room. Transform: where. --- [Where
did he drop his really heavy book?]
4. He dropped his really heavy book in the room. Transform: what. --- [What did
he drop in the room?]
5. He dropped his really heavy book in the room. Transform: not. --- [He did not
drop his really heavy book in the room.]281

1. He had a very long test yesterday. Repeat.
2. He had a very long test yesterday. Transform: who. --- [Who had a very longtest yesterday?]
3. He had a very long test yesterday. Transform: when. --- [When did he have avery long test?]
4. He had a very long test yesterday. Transform: what. --- [What did he haveyesterday?]
5. He had a very long test yesterday. Transform: not. --- [He did not have a very
long test yesterday.]282

1. Is this door very big? --- [Yes, this door is very big.]
2. Is that chair very small? --- [Yes, that chair is very small.]
3. Is this room really clean? --- [Yes, this room is really clean.]
4. Is my phone very cute? --- [Yes, my phone is very cute.]
5. Is her book really heavy? --- [Yes, her book is really heavy.]
6. Is that music really interesting? --- [Yes, that music is really interesting.]
7. Is this pen very old? --- [Yes, this pen is very old.]
8. Is my bag very cheap? --- [Yes, my bag is very cheap.]283

Some letters can be removed from certain pairs of words in
English.
This is most common in spoken English.
It is not very common in formal, written English.
When this occurs, the removed letters are replaced with an apostrophe.

284

1. I’m a student.
2. She’s a teacher.
3. He’s teaching English.
4. They’re walking in the street.
5. We’re standing on the floor.
6. It’s a pen.
7. It isn’t a pen.
8. He didn’t have a test last week.

285

9. We didn’t drive our cars yesterday.
10. They don’t like swimming.
11. She doesn’t have a bag.
12. He doesn’t like reading.
13. What’s on the table?
14. Where’s the chair?
15. Who’s in the room?

286

1. He’s teaching.
2. She’s teaching.
3. We’re teaching.
4. They’re teaching.
5. They’re studying.
6. They’re reading.
7. They’re swimming.

287

1. We’re standing.
2. We’re standing on the floor.
3. We’re standing on the white floor.
4. We’re standing on the white floor in the room.

288

1. She’s a teacher.
2. She’s a good teacher.
3. She’s a good English teacher.
4. She’s a good English and Math teacher.

289

1. He didn’t have a test.
2. He didn’t have a long test.
3. He didn’t have a very long test.
4. He didn’t have a very long test yesterday.

290

1. They don’t like swimming in the sea. Repeat.
2. They don’t like swimming in the sea. Transform: what. --- [What don’t they
like?]
3. They don’t like swimming in the sea. Transform: who. --- [Who doesn’t likeswimming in the sea?]
4. They don’t like swimming in the sea. Transform: where. --- [Where don’t they
like swimming?]291

1. They’re walking in the street. Repeat.
2. They’re walking in the street. Transform: what. --- [What are they doing in thestreet?]3. They’re walking in the street. Transform: who. --- [Who is walking in thestreet?]4. They’re walking in the street. Transform: where. --- [Where are they walking?]
5. They’re walking in the street. Transform: not. --- [They aren’t walking in thestreet.]292

1. He doesn’t like reading books at home. Repeat.
2. He doesn’t like reading books at home. Transform: what. --- [What doesn’t helike doing?]
3. He doesn’t like reading books at home. Transform: who. --- [Who doesn’t likereading books at home?]
4. He doesn’t like reading books at home. Transform: where. --- [Where doesn’t
he like reading books?]293

1. She doesn’t have a bag. Repeat.
2. She doesn’t have a bag. Add: new. --- [She doesn’t have a new bag.]
3. She doesn’t have a new bag. Change: big. --- [She doesn’t have a big bag.]
4. She doesn’t have a big bag. Add: pen. --- [She doesn’t have a pen and a big
bag.]
5. She doesn’t have a pen and a big bag. Change: he. --- [He doesn’t have a pen
and a big bag.]
6. He doesn’t have a pen and a big bag. Transform: what. --- [What doesn’t hehave?]
7. He doesn’t have a pen and a big bag. Transform: who. --- [Who doesn’t havea pen and a big bag?]

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

1. This is Peter’s book.
2. This is Sally’s book.
3. This is Sally’s chair.
4. This is Brian’s chair.
5. That is Brian’s chair.
6. That is Brian’s car.
7. That is Anna’s car.
8. That is Anna’s room.

301

1. Peter broke my sister’s phone yesterday. Repeat.
2. Peter broke my sister’s phone yesterday. Transform: who. --- [Who broke mysister’s phone yesterday?]
3. Peter broke my sister’s phone yesterday. Transform: what. --- [What did Peter
break yesterday?]
4. Peter broke my sister’s phone yesterday. Transform: when. --- [When did
Peter break my sister’s phone?]
5. Peter broke my sister’s phone yesterday. Transform: not. --- [Peter did notbreak my sister’s phone yesterday.]302

1. This book is big.
2. This book is very big.
3. These books are very big.
4. These books are very big and heavy.
5. These books in my hand are very big and heavy.

303

1. He had a very long test yesterday. Repeat.
2. He had a very long test yesterday. Transform: who. --- [Who had a very longtest yesterday?]
3. He had a very long test yesterday. Transform: when. --- [When did he have avery long test?]
4. He had a very long test yesterday. Transform: what. --- [What did he haveyesterday?]
5. He had a very long test yesterday. Transform: not. --- [He did not have a very
long test yesterday.]304

1. He’s teaching.
2. She’s teaching.
3. We’re teaching.
4. They’re teaching.
5. They’re studying.
6. They’re reading.
7. They’re swimming.

305

1. They’re walking in the street. Repeat.
2. They’re walking in the street. Transform: what. --- [What are they doing in thestreet?]3. They’re walking in the street. Transform: who. --- [Who are walking in thestreet?]4. They’re walking in the street. Transform: where. --- [Where are they walking?]
5. They’re walking in the street. Transform: not. --- [They aren’t walking in thestreet.]306

1. Is this door very big? --- [Yes, this door is very big.]
2. Is that chair very small? --- [Yes, that chair is very small.]
3. Is this room really clean? --- [Yes, this room is really clean.]
4. Is my phone very cute? --- [Yes, my phone is very cute.]
5. Is her book really heavy? --- [Yes, her book is really heavy.]
6. Is that music really interesting? --- [Yes, that music is really interesting.]
7. Is this pen very old? --- [Yes, this pen is very old.]
8. Is my bag very cheap? --- [Yes, my bag is very cheap.]307

1. My mother cleaned my sister’s room last week. Repeat.
2. My mother cleaned my sister’s room last week. Transform: who. --- [Whocleaned my sister’s room last week?]
3. My mother cleaned my sister’s room last week. Transform: when. --- [Whendid my mother clean my sister’s room?]
4. My mother cleaned my sister’s room last week. Transform: what. --- [Whatdid my mother clean last week?]
5. My mother cleaned my sister’s room last week. Transform: not. --- [My mother
did not clean my sister’s room last week.]308

1. She doesn’t have a bag. Repeat.
2. She doesn’t have a bag. Add: new. --- [She doesn’t have a new bag.]
3. She doesn’t have a new bag. Change: big. --- [She doesn’t have a big bag.]
4. She doesn’t have a big bag. Add: pen. --- [She doesn’t have a pen and a big
bag.]
5. She doesn’t have a pen and a big bag. Change: he. --- [He doesn’t have a pen
and a big bag.]
6. He doesn’t have a pen and a big bag. Transform: what. --- [What doesn’t hehave?]
7. He doesn’t have a pen and a big bag. Transform: who. --- [Who doesn’t havea pen and a big bag?]309

1. This is Anna’s phone.
2. This is Anna’s new phone.
3. This is Anna’s new black phone.
4. These are Anna’s new black phone and bag.
5. These are Anna’s new black phone and red bag.

310

1. They don’t like swimming in the sea. Repeat.
2. They don’t like swimming in the sea. Transform: what. --- [What don’t they
like?]
3. They don’t like swimming in the sea. Transform: who. --- [Who doesn’t likeswimming in the sea?]
4. They don’t like swimming in the sea. Transform: where. --- [Where don’t they
like swimming?]311

1. This is my mother’s chair.
2. That music is really interesting.
3. He doesn’t like reading books at home.
4. This is Sally’s English book on the table.
5. That book on the long table is very heavy.
6. She’s a good English and Math teacher.

312

Please refer to the definition file.

313

314

1. There are 100 centimeters in one meter.
2. He ran about two kilometers yesterday.
3. Her room is five meters long.
4. He drove ten miles last week.
5. There are twelve inches in one foot.
6. The house is ten feet high.
7. Two kilograms of meat cost ten dollars.
8. She needs twenty grams of salt.
9. This pen is five inches short.
10. He drinks two liters of water every day.
11. I drink 500 ml of water.

315

1. Her room is five meters long.
2. Her room is six meters long.
3. His room is six meters long.
4. His table is six meters long.
5. His table is ten meters long.
6. Their table is ten meters long.
7. Our table is ten meters long.

316

1. He drinks water every day.
2. He drinks two liters of water every day.
3. He drinks two liters of clean water every day.
4. He drinks two liters of clean water at home every day.

317

1. His house is ten feet high.
2. His new house is ten feet high.
3. His new white house is ten feet high.
4. His new white house in that town is ten feet high.

318

1. She drove her car.
2. She drove her car for ten miles.
3. She drove her car for ten miles last week.
4. She drove her new car for ten miles last week.

319

1. This pen is five inches short.
2. This pencil is six inches short.
3. This book is ten inches long.
4. This room is ten feet long.
5. That building is ten feet high.
6. Their house is twenty feet high.
7. Their house is thirty meters long.

320

1. She drinks two liters of water every day. Repeat.
2. She drinks two liters of water every day. Transform: who. --- [Who drinks twoliters of water every day?]
3. She drinks two liters of water every day. Transform: when. --- [When does she
drink two liters of water?]
4. She drinks two liters of water every day. Transform: what. --- [What does she
drink every day?]
5. She drinks two liters of water every day. Transform: not. --- [She doesn’t
drink two liters of water every day.]321

1. He ran about two kilometers yesterday. Repeat.
2. He ran about two kilometers yesterday. Transform: who. --- [Who ran about
two kilometers yesterday?]
3. He ran about two kilometers yesterday. Transform: when. --- [When did herun about two kilometers?]
4. He ran about two kilometers yesterday. Transform: what. --- [What did he doyesterday?]
5. He ran about two kilometers yesterday. Transform: not. --- [He didn’t run
about two kilometers yesterday.]322

1. Is her room five meters long? --- [Yes, her room is five meters long. ]2. Is this pen five inches short? --- [Yes, this pen is five inches short.]
3. Who ran about two kilometers yesterday? --- [He ran about two kilometers
yesterday.]4. Are there 100 centimeters in one meter? --- [Yes, there are 100 centimeters in
one meter.]
5. Did he drive ten miles last week? --- [Yes, he drove ten miles last week.]
6. Is the house ten feet high? --- [Yes, the house is ten feet high. ]7. Are there twelve inches in one foot? --- [Yes, there are twelve inches in one
foot.]
8. Does he drink two liters of water every day? --- [Yes, he drinks two liters ofwater every day.]323

Please refer to the definition file.

324

325

326

1. She is listening to the piano in the next room.
2. He is holding the black guitar in this picture.
3. My mother kept the violin under the table.
4. Sam likes the drums in that new shop next to our school.
5. The trumpet sounds really interesting.
6. The children are holding their violins on the stage.
7. I like the sound of the guitar.
8. His violin fell on the floor.
9. Their piano is very big and heavy.
10. She heard the drums in the neighborhood.

327

1. I like the sound of the guitar.
2. I like the sound of the violin.
3. I like the sound of the piano.
4. I like the sound of the drums.
5. He likes the sound of the drums.
6. He likes the sound of the trumpet.
7. She likes the sound of the trumpet.
8. They like the sound of the trumpet.

328

1. Sam likes the drums.
2. Sam likes the sound of the drums.
3. Sam likes the sound of the drums in that new shop.
4. Sam likes the sound of the drums in that new shop next to his house.
5. Sam likes the sound of the drums in that new shop next to his big house.

329

1. She heard the drums.
2. She heard the drums in the neighborhood.
3. She heard the sound of the drums in the neighborhood.
4. She heard the sound of the drums in the neighborhood two days ago.

330

1. The trumpet sounds interesting.
2. The trumpet sounds really interesting.
3. The big trumpet sounds really interesting.
4. The big trumpet in the room sounds really interesting.
5. The big trumpet in the next room sounds really interesting.

331

1. My mother kept the violin under the table. Repeat.
2. My mother kept the violin under the table. Transform: who. --- [Who kept theviolin under the table?]
3. My mother kept the violin under the table. Transform: where. --- [Where did
my mother keep the violin?]
4. My mother kept the violin under the table. Transform: what. --- [What did my
mother keep under the table?]
5. My mother kept the violin under the table. Transform: not. --- [My motherdidn’t keep the violin under the table.]332

1. The children are holding their violins on the stage. Repeat.
2. The children are holding their violins on the stage. Transform: who. --- [Whois holding their violins on the stage?]
3. The children are holding their violins on the stage. Transform: where. --[Where are the children holding their violins?]
4. The children are holding their violins on the stage. Transform: what. --- [Whatare the children holding on the stage?]
5. The children are holding their violins on the stage. Transform: not. --- [Thechildren aren’t holding their violins on the stage.]333

1. The guitar is on the table. Repeat.
2. The guitar is on the table. Change: under. --- [The guitar is under the table.]
3. The guitar is under the table. Add: big. --- [The guitar is under the big table.]
4. The guitar is under the big table. Change: violin. --- [The violin is under the
big table.]
5. The violin is under the big table. Change: next to. --- [The violin is next to thebig table.]
6. The violin is next to the big table. Add: new. --- [The new violin is next to thebig table.]
7. The new violin is next to the big table. Change: trumpet. --- [The new trumpet
is next to the big table.]
8. The new trumpet is next to the big table. Transform: what. --- [What is next tothe big table?]
9. The new trumpet is next to the big table. Transform: where. --- [Where is the
new trumpet?]
10. The new trumpet is next to the big table. Transform: not. --- [The new
trumpet isn’t next to the big table.]334

1. Who is listening to the piano in the next room? --- [She is listening to the
piano in the next room?]
2. Does the trumpet sound really interesting? --- [Yes, the trumpet sounds reallyinteresting.]
3. Did his violin fall on the floor? --- [Yes, his violin fell on the floor.]
4. Where is he holding the black guitar? --- [He is holding the black guitar in thispicture.]5. Are the children holding their violins on the stage? --- [Yes, the children are
holding their violins on the stage.]
6. What is very big and heavy? --- [Their piano is very big and heavy.]
7. Did she hear the drums in the neighborhood? --- [Yes, she heard the drums in
the neighborhood.]
8. Who likes the sound of the drums in that new shop next to our school? --[Sam likes the sound of the drums in that new shop next to our school.]335