Please refer to the definition file.

1

2

3

We use may and might in a formal way of asking and giving permission,
although might is not used as commonly as may for this function.
Another use of may and might is to say that something is possible or may
possibly happen.
Sometimes, may expresses slightly higher chances of possibility whereas
might sometimes expresses slightly lower chances of possibility.
Might is not the past of may and both are used to talk about the present and thefuture.

4

1. My brother might join the military.
2. The ministry is open to everyone.
3. The organization was built in 1988.
4. We might hit the gate if we are not careful.
5. You may join that organization in college.
6. Criminals are put into prison.
7. The ministry moved in to this building yesterday.
8. His boss told him to move out quickly.
9. The military is formed for the safety of the people.
10. This is the new site for the new prison.
11. We share food in the organization.
12. The soldiers of the military may enter through the gate.

51. The organization may visit specific sites this week.
2. The organization may visit previous sites this week.
3. The ministry may visit previous sites this week.
4. The ministry may visit previous sites this month.
5. The ministry may visit regional sites this month.
6. The ministry might visit regional sites this month.
7. The military might visit regional sites this month.
8. The military might visit colleges this month.
9. The military might visit prisons this month.
10. The military might visit prisons this year.

61. The prisoners may share their food. Repeat.
2. The prisoners may share their food. Change: drinks.
3. The prisoners may share their drinks. Change: visitors.
4. The visitors may share their drinks. Change: stuff.
5. The visitors may share their stuff. Change: move in.
6. The visitors may move in their stuff. Change: officials.
7. The officials may move in their stuff. Change: arrange.
8. The officials may arrange their stuff. Change: might.
9. The officials might arrange their stuff. Change: prepare.
10. The officials might prepare their stuff. Change: states.

71. We may move out.
2. We may move our things out.
3. We may move our things out slowly.
4. We may move our things out slowly tonight.
5. We may move our things out slowly tonight after dinner.

8

1. Safety might be our concern. Repeat.
2. Safety might be our concern. Add: first.
3. Safety might be our first concern. Add: not.
4. Safety might not be our first concern. Add: in prison.
5. Safety might not be our first concern in prison. Add: his.

9

1. Are you now in college? Change: she.
2. She is joining the organization. Change: has to.
3. Your safety should be your concern. Change: is.
4. They entered the library. Add: didn’t.
5. He is joining the military. Change: they.

10

1. Two new students entered college yesterday. Repeat.
2. Two new students entered college yesterday. Transform: who.
3. They are moving their things out of the prison. Repeat.
4. They are moving their things out of the prison. Transform: what.
5. Some of the prisoners were moved out yesterday. Repeat.
6. Some of the prisoners were moved out yesterday. Transform: when.
7. My friend is moving in with us. Repeat.
8. My friend is moving in with us. Transform: who.
9. We are moving to this site. Repeat.
10. We are moving to this site. Transform: where.
11. She might not go to college this year. Repeat.
12. She might not go to college this year. Transform: when.

111. May I open the gate? Repeat.
2. May I open the gate? Change: close.
3. May I close the gate? Change: ministry.
4. May I close the ministry? Add: later.
5. May I close the ministry later? Add: old.
6. May I close the old ministry later? Change: join.
7. May I join the old ministry later? Change: official.
8. May I join the official ministry later? Change: team.
9. May I join the official team later? Change: musical.
10. May I join the musical team later? Change: tonight.

12

13

14

Please refer to the definition file.

15

16

17

1. She was eating when she entered the hall.
2. They are going to build a hotel on this site.
3. The window can be locked from the inside.
4. The counters are very clean now.
5. Please use the last elevator.
6. The entrance of the hotel has flowers.
7. The visitors made their entry through that door.
8. The exit is at the back.
9. A hotel must have a clean bathroom.
10. Could you show me the way to the toilet, please?
11. She has access to the top floor.
12. We listed the names of the people in the hall.

18

1. customers
2. organization
3. official

191. Every hotel in the city has a big hall.
2. Every hotel in the city has a clean hall.
3. Every hotel in the city has a clean toilet.
4. Every hotel in the city has a clean bathroom.
5. Every house in the city has a clean bathroom.
6. Every house in the town has a clean bathroom.
7. Every house in the town has a small bathroom.
8. Every house in the village has a small bathroom.

20

1. There are so many police at the entrance. Repeat.
2. There are so many police at the entrance. Change: people.
3. There are so many people at the entrance. Change: in the toilet.
4. There are so many people in the toilet. Change: at the exit.
5. There are so many people at the exit. Change: were.
6. There were so many people at the exit. Change: students.
7. There were so many students at the exit. Change: in the hall.
8. There were so many students in the hall. Change: elevator.
9. There were so many students in the elevator. Change: visitors.
10. There were so many visitors in the elevator. Change: at the counter.

21

1. The door can be opened.
2. The door can be opened from the inside.
3. The big door can be opened from the inside.
4. The big door cannot be opened from the inside.
5. The big wooden door cannot be opened from the inside.

22

1. You have access to the elevator. Repeat.
2. You have access to the elevator. Add: don’t.
3. You don’t have access to the elevator. Add: first.
4. You don’t have access to the first elevator. Add: still.

23

1. We listed the names of the customers in the hotel. Repeat.
2. We listed the names of the customers in the hotel. Change: ages.
3. We listed the ages of the customers in the hotel. Add: this morning.
4. We listed the ages of the customers in the hotel this morning. Change:
visitors.
5. We listed the ages of the visitors in the hotel this morning. Add: already.
6. We already listed the ages of the visitors in the hotel this morning. Change:have.
7. We already have the ages of the visitors in the hotel this morning. Change:
staff.
8. We already have the ages of the staff in the hotel this morning. Change: they.

24

1. We are going to have our entry at six o’ clock. Repeat.
2. We are going to have our entry at six o’ clock. Transform: when.
3. I like her bathroom because it’s big and clean. Repeat.
4. I like her bathroom because it’s big and clean. Transform: why.
5. There is a small hotel down the road. Repeat.
6.There is a small hotel down the road. Transform: where.
7. I colored the inside of the box green. Repeat.
8. I colored the inside of the box green. Transform: what.
9. I can see my sister at the counter. Repeat.
10. I can see my sister at the counter. Transform: who.

25

1. She visited the hotel herself. Change: himself.
2. I am tired standing here at the entrance. Change: she.
3. Let me know when you’re ready. Change: he.
4. My little son is able to write his name. Change: our.
5. She thinks the hall is too big. Add: doesn’t.

26

Please refer to the definition file.

27

28

29

We use the past perfect to express an event or action that happened before
another event or action in the past or before a specific time in the past.
The blue event or action was done or happened before the black event, and so
the blue event is expressed using the past perfect.
Structure: subject + had + past participle
For example:
I had eaten when my husband arrived.
Tom had already been to China before he learnt Chinese.
My grandfather had already fallen asleep when the movie started.

Already is quite commonly used with the past perfect.

30

1. I told him that we had cleaned the lot.
2. When mom got home, I had already washed the spoons and forks.
3. I knew that dad had built the cupboards at home.
4. I badly needed a bath after I had played tennis.
5. May I have a bowl of salad, please?
6. I had prepared the bucket of ice before you came.
7. Our neighbor removed the rails because dad had put flowers there.
8. They had allowed the people into the tunnel before the police told them to doit.
9. They had cut the trees in the yard before I left.
10. I thought you had informed us about the danger ahead.
11. She didn’t know why I had avoided her.
12. I thought they had stopped the preparation.

31

1. military
2. cupboard
3. medicine32

1. The men had swept the lot before I arrived. Repeat.
2. The men had swept the lot before I arrived. Change: students.
3. The students had swept the lot before I arrived. Change: she.
4. The students had swept the lot before she arrived. Change: cleaned.
5. The students had cleaned the lot before she arrived. Change: yard.
6. The students had cleaned the yard before she arrived. Change: kids.
7. The kids had cleaned the yard before she arrived. Change: cupboards.

33

8. The kids had cleaned the cupboards before she arrived. Change: mom.
9. The kids had cleaned the cupboards before mom arrived. Change: bowls.
10. The kids had cleaned the bowls before mom arrived. Change: came.
11. The kids had cleaned the bowls before mom came. Change: girls.
12. The girls had cleaned the bowls before mom came. Change: washed.
13. The girls had washed the bowls before mom came. Change: forks.
14. The girls had washed the forks before mom came. Change: when.
15. The girls had washed the forks when mom came. Change: left.

34

1. She thought she had told me about the danger.
2. She thought she had not told me about the danger.
3. She thought she had not told me about the danger there.
4. Well, she thought she had not told me about the danger there.

35

1. She said they had started. Repeat.
2. She said they had started. Add: the preparation.
3. She said they had started the preparation. Add: never.
4. She never said they had started the preparation. Add: general.

36

1. I had cleaned when they passed by the house. Repeat.
2. I had cleaned when they passed by the house. Add: the yard.
3. I had cleaned the yard when they passed by the house. Change: mom.
4. Mom had cleaned the yard when they passed by the house. Change: rails.
5. Mom had cleaned the rails when they passed by the house. Add: wooden.
6. Mom had cleaned the wooden rails when they passed by the house. Change:
removed.

37

1. I had taken a bath before you called. Change: shower, came.
2. I had taken a shower before you came. Change: medicine, she.
3. I had taken some medicine before she came. Change: the, spoke.
4. I had taken the medicine before she spoke. Change: avoided, he.
5. I had avoided the medicine before he spoke. Change: person, responded.

38

1. I thought I had put water in the bucket. Repeat.
2. I thought I had put water in the bucket. Transform: what.
3. I had put the spoons and forks in the cupboard when you left. Repeat.
4. I had put the spoons and forks in the cupboard when you left. Transform:
where.
5. A car came before I had cleaned the yard. Repeat.
6. A car came before I had cleaned the yard. Transform: what.
7. I thought I had avoided him last night. Repeat.
8. I thought I had avoided him last night. Transform: when.
9. My sister said that I hadn’t prepared the spoons and forks. Repeat.
10. My sister said that I hadn’t prepared the spoons and forks. Transform: who.

39

1. Ask the student to read the sentences.
2. Correct the student’s pronunciation.

40

1. Ask the student to read the sentences.
2. Correct the student’s pronunciation.

41

1. Ask the student to read the sentences.
2. Correct the student’s pronunciation.

42

1. Ask the student to read the sentences.
2. Correct the student’s pronunciation.

43

1. Ask the student to read the sentences.
2. Correct the student’s pronunciation.

44

1. Ask the student to read the sentences.
2. Correct the student’s pronunciation.

45

46

1. customers
2. organization
3. official

47

1. The organization may visit specific sites this week.
2. The organization may visit previous sites this week.
3. The ministry may visit previous sites this week.
4. The ministry may visit previous sites this month.
5. The ministry may visit regional sites this month.
6. The ministry might visit regional sites this month.
7. The military might visit regional sites this month.
8. The military might visit colleges this month.
9. The military might visit prisons this month.
10. The military might visit prisons this year.

48

1. There are so many police at the entrance. Repeat.
2. There are so many police at the entrance. Change: people.
3. There are so many people at the entrance. Change: in the toilet.
4. There are so many people in the toilet. Change: at the exit.
5. There are so many people at the exit. Change: were.
6. There were so many people at the exit. Change: students.
7. There were so many students at the exit. Change: in the hall.
8. There were so many students in the hall. Change: elevator.
9. There were so many students in the elevator. Change: visitors.
10. There were so many visitors in the elevator. Change: at the counter.

49

1. She said they had started. Repeat.
2. She said they had started. Add: the preparation.
3. She said they had started the preparation. Add: never.
4. She never said they had started the preparation. Add: general.

501. military
2. cupboard
3. medicine

51

1. Are you now in college? Repeat.
2. Are you now in college? Change: she.
3. She is joining the organization. Repeat.
4. She is joining the organization. Change: has to.
5. Your safety should be your concern. Repeat.
6. Your safety should be your concern. Change: is.
7. They entered the library. Repeat.
8. They entered the library. Add: didn’t.
9. He is joining the military. Repeat.
10. He is joining the military. Change: they.

52

1. The door can be opened.
2. The door can be opened from the inside.
3. The big door can be opened from the inside.
4. The big door cannot be opened from the inside.
5. The big wooden door cannot be opened from the inside53

1. Two new students entered college yesterday. Repeat.
2. Two new students entered college yesterday. Transform: who.
3. They are moving their things out of the prison. Repeat.
4. They are moving their things out of the prison. Transform: what.
5. Some of the prisoners were moved out yesterday. Repeat.
6. Some of the prisoners were moved out yesterday. Transform: when.
7. My friend is moving in with us. Repeat.
8. My friend is moving in with us. Transform: who.
9. We are moving to this site. Repeat.
10. We are moving to this site. Transform: where.
11. She might not go to college this year. Repeat.
12. She might not go to college this year. Transform: when.

54

1. I had taken a bath before you called. Change: shower, came.
2. I had taken a shower before you came. Change: medicine, she.
3. I had taken some medicine before she came. Change: the, spoke.
4. I had taken the medicine before she spoke. Change: avoided, he.
5. I had avoided the medicine before he spoke. Change: person, responded.

55

1. She visited the hotel herself. Change: himself.
2. I am tired standing here at the entrance. Change: she.
3. Let me know when you’re ready. Change: he.
4. My little son is able to write his name. Change: our.
5. She thinks the hall is too big. Add: doesn’t.

56

1. The visitors made their entry through that door.
2. The soldiers of the military may enter through the gate.
3. They had allowed people into the tunnel before the police told them to do it.
4. I thought you had informed us about the danger ahead.
5. They are going to build a hotel on this site.
6. The ministry moved into this building yesterday.
7. Well, she thought she had not told me about the danger there.
8. I knew that dad had built the cupboards at home.

57Please refer to the definition file.

58

59

1. I would like to speak to the director.
2. I have seen the new movie of my favorite actor!
3. Everybody loves that actress.
4. I would like to watch a drama film tonight.
5. You must have confidence to be an actor.
6. They put so much effort into this film.
7. The audience might not like the show.
8. The recording took five months to finish.
9. An actor should have his own records of his films.
10. This movie is not as dramatic as the previous one.
11. The director wanted them to pretend that they were in love.
12. The audience can relate to the story.

60

1. confident –2. effort –3. everybody –4. favorite –5. previous –6. movie –7. difficult–
8. very –61

1. The director taught him to become a better actor. Repeat.
2. The director taught him to become a better actor. Change: her, actress.
3. The director taught her to become a better actress. Change: helped, good.
4. The director helped her to become a good actress. Change: movie, famous.
5. The movie helped her to become a famous actress. Change: made, proud.
6. The movie made her become a proud actress. Change: film, dramatic.

62

1. She needs confidence for the dramatic show. Repeat.
2. She needs confidence for the dramatic show. Change: he.
3. He needs confidence for the dramatic show. Change: effort.
4. He needs effort for the dramatic show. Change: actors.
5. He needs actors for the dramatic show. Change: movie.
6. He needs actors for the dramatic movie. Change: has.
7. He has actors for the dramatic movie. Change: musical.
8. He has actors for the musical movie. Change: singers.
9. He has singers for the musical movie. Change: short.
10. He has singers for the short movie. Change: recording.

63

1. The audience must pretend that they can relate.
2. The audience must not pretend that they can relate.
3. The audience must not pretend that they can relate to the movie.
4. The audience must not pretend that they can relate to the dramatic movie.

641. The recording was difficult. Repeat.
2. The recording was difficult. Add: for the actors.
3. The recording was difficult for the actors. Add: very.
4. The recording was very difficult for the actors. Add: film.
5. The film recording was very difficult for the actors. Add: not.

65

1. The actor said that recording a film in the prison is exciting. Repeat.
2. The actor said that recording a film in the prison is exciting. Change: director.
3. The director said that recording a film in the prison is exciting. Add: dramatic.
4. The director said that recording a dramatic film in the prison is exciting.
Change: he.
5. He said that recording a dramatic film in the prison is exciting. Change:
musical.
6. He said that recording a musical film in the prison is exciting. Change:
military.
7. He said that recording a musical film in the military is exciting. Change: fun.
8. He said that recording a musical film in the military is fun. Change: record.
9. He said that recording a musical record in the military is fun. Change: looks.
10. He said that recording a musical record in the military looks fun. Add: very.

66

1. I would like to see my favorite actress. Repeat.
2. I would like to see my favorite actress. Transform: who.
3. I can see his confidence. Repeat.
4. I can see his confidence. Transform: what.
5. They did the recording yesterday. Repeat.
6. They did the recording yesterday. Transform: when.
7. I can relate to the story because it happened to me. Repeat.
8. I can relate to the story because it happened to me. Transform: why.
9. The famous actors and actresses are sitting at the back. Repeat.
10. The famous actors and actresses are sitting at the back. Transform: where.

67

1. We are allowed to watch a movie tonight. Change: I.
2. I saw Brad Pitt myself. Add: didn’t.
3. He was very dramatic in that film. Change: they.
4. She had a movie before. Add: didn’t.
5. The director was good. Add: staff.

68

Please refer to the definition file.

69

70

1. I haven’t met this guy yet.
2. We make mistakes because we are humans.
3. A teacher knows the individual needs of her students.
4. Our company lawyer is really good.
5. I go to the dentist every six months.
6. The reporter asked so many questions.
7. The secretary let me get inside the office.
8. We spoke to an attorney about this problem.
9. Everybody knows this author.
10. Bicycles are the best means of transportation in this town.
11. Their individual abilities made the organization strong.
12. His quality as a lawyer is excellent.

711. On the third floor is the office of the lawyer.
2. On the fifth floor is the office of the lawyer.
3. On the fifth floor is the office of the dentist.
4. On the fifth floor is the secretary of the dentist.
5. On the fifth floor is the secretary of the reporter.

72

1. I know a very good lawyer. Repeat.
2. I know a very good lawyer. Change: nice.
3. I know a very nice lawyer. Change: met.
4. I met a very nice lawyer. Change: dentist.
5. I met a very nice dentist. Change: we.
6. We met a very nice dentist. Change: beautiful.
7. We met a very beautiful dentist. Change: reporter.
8. We met a very beautiful reporter. Change: asked.
9. We asked a very beautiful reporter. Change: secretary.
10. We asked a very beautiful secretary. Change: they.

73

1. The quality of their work is excellent.
2. The quality of their individual work is excellent.
3. The quality of their individual work is not excellent.
4. The quality of their individual work is not very excellent.

74

1. He is the author. Repeat.
2. He is the author. Add: with abilities.
3. He is the author with abilities. Add: excellent.
4. He is the author with excellent abilities. Add: only.

75

1. Each person has their individual attorneys to help them. Repeat.
2. Each person has their individual attorneys to help them. Change: own.
3. Each person has their own attorneys to help them. Change: everybody.
4. Everybody has their own attorneys to help them. Change: secretary.
5. Everybody has their own secretary to help them. Change: assist.
6. Everybody has their own secretary to assist them. Change: nobody.
7. Nobody has their own secretary to assist them. Change: means.
8. Nobody has their own means to assist them. Change: way.
9. Nobody has their own way to assist them. Change: drive.
10. Nobody has their own way to drive them. Add: around.
11. Nobody has their own way to drive them around. Add: actually.

76

1. A guy asked for your number. Repeat.
2. A guy asked for your number. Transform: who.
3. Humans have feelings. Repeat.
4. Humans have feelings. Transform: what.
5. The means of living in the past were tough. Repeat.
6. The means of living in the past were tough. Transform: when.
7. I asked a lawyer yesterday to help me. Repeat.
8. I asked a lawyer yesterday to help me. Transform: when.
9. They have to keep the good quality to earn more money. Repeat.
10. They have to keep the good quality to earn more money. Transform: why.

77

1. The author of this book gave me a pen. Add: didn’t.
2. I want to become a lawyer. Add: excellent.
3. The secretary let the reporter in. Add: five.
4. They don’t like the new means of communication nowadays. Change: she.
5. He said that humans live and die. Add: didn’t.

78

79