The 13th WEPA Annual Meeting and the WEPAInternational Workshop onIndustrial Wastewater Management
26-28 Sept. 2017, Jakarta, Indonesia

Prepared by :Mr. Phin Rady, Director of Water Quality Management Department,
Ministry of Environment, Cambodia

1

Contents
1. Overview of industrial wastewater
regulations
2. Situation and challenges for the
problematic industries andcountermeasures21. Overview of industrial
wastewater regulations

3

A. Law on Environmental Protection andNatural Resource Management (24/12/1996)
 The purpose of this law:Protect and enhance the quality of the environmentand human health by preventing and reducing
pollution
Ensure the conservation, development,management and use of reasonable and sustainable
natural resources
Encourage participation in the protection andconservation of natural resources.
4

B. Sub-Decree on Water Pollution
Control(6-9-1999)
 Purpose : Regulate the water pollution control inorder to prevent and reduce the water pollution of
the public water areas so that the protection of humanhealth and the conservation of bio-diversity should beensured.
 Scope: Applies to all sources of pollution and allactivities that cause pollution of the public waterareas.

5Annex 2: Effluent standard for pollution sourcesdischarging wastewater to public water areas or sewer
No123456789101112131415161718Parameters
TemperaturepH
BOD5 ( 5 days at 20 0C )COD
Total Suspended Solids
Total Dissolved Solids
Grease and Oil
Detergents
Phenols
Nitrate (NO3 )Chlorine ( free )Chloride ( ion )Sulphate ( as SO4 )Sulphide ( as Sulphur )Phosphate ( PO4 )Cyanide ( CN )Barium ( Ba )Arsenic ( As )Unit0C

mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l

Allowable limits for pollutant substancedischarging toProtected public water area

< 45
6–9
< 30< 50
< 50
< 1000
< 5.0
< 5.0
< 0.1
< 10< 1.0
< 500
< 300
< 0.2
< 3.0
< 0.2
< 4.0
< 0.10Public water area andsewer< 45
5-9< 80< 100< 80< 2000< 15< 15< 1.2
< 20
< 2.0
< 700
< 500
< 1.0
< 6.0
< 1.5
< 7.0
< 1.0

6

Annex 2: Effluent standard…..
19Tin ( Sn )

mg/l

< 2.0

< 8.020Iron ( Fe )mg/l< 1.0< 2021

Boron ( B )

mg/l

< 1.0

< 5.022

Manganese ( Mn )

mg/l

< 1.0

< 5.023

Cadmium ( Cd )

mg/l

< 0.1

< 0.524Chromium ( Cr )+3mg/l< 0.2< 1.025

Chromium ( Cr )+6mg/l< 0.05< 0.526

Copper ( Cu )

mg/l

< 0.2

< 1.027

Lead ( Pb )

mg/l

< 0.1

< 1.028

Mercury (Hg )mg/l< 0.002< 0.0529

Nickel ( Ni )

mg/l

< 0.2

< 1.030

Selenium ( Se )mg/l

< 0.05< 0.531

Silver ( Ag )mg/l

< 0.1< 0.532

Zinc ( Zn )

mg/l

< 1.0

< 3.033

Molybdenum ( Mo )

mg/l

< 0.1

< 1.07

Annex 2: Effluent standard…..
34353637
38
3940
4142
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
5152

Ammonia ( NH3 )DO

Polychlorinated Biphenyl
Calcium
Magnesium
Carbon tetrachloride
Hexachloro benzene
DTT
EndrinDieldrin
AldrinIsodrin
Perchloro ethylene
Hexachloro butadiene
Chloroform
1,2 Dichloro ethylene
Trichloro ethylene
Trichloro benzene
Hexaxhloro cyclohexene

mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/lmg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l

< 5.0>2.0<0.003<150<150<3<2<1.3<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01<2.5<3<1<2.5<1<2<2< 7.0>1.0<0.003<200<200<3<2<1.3<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<2.5<3<1<2.5<1<2<28C. Sub-Decree on EIA Process
The main objectives of this sub-decree are:
 To determine an EIA upon every private and publicproject or activity, and it must be reviewed by theMoE, prior to the submission for a decision from theRGC.
 To determine the type and size of the proposed project
and activities, including existing and ongoing
activities in both private and public prior toundertaking the process of EIA.
 Encourage public participation in the implementationof EIA process and take into account of theirconceptual input and suggestion for re-consideration
prior to the implementation of any project9

D. Monitoring In the managing procedure, it is suggested toclassify factories and/or enterprises into 02 types
as follows:Factories are not use chemicals or chemicalcompound in production process – it’s so-called
Non-chemical used factories
Factories use chemicals or chemical compoundin the production process including in thewastewater treatment process, or we can call as
Chemical-used factories
10D. Monitoring(cont.)
 To conduct routine(3 months) monitoring at Chemicalused factories
 To take wastewater samples at the outlets of pollution
sources ; If found mistake, release the administrative order letterto: correct small fault within a specific period,
 correct fault within a specific period but fine or stopprocess, collect and detain evidence of such offense formaking statement and forward the case file to thecompetent agency in case of serious pollution
 Conduct an inspection/investigation at pollution
sources if necessary (Complain).
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E. Challenges in monitoring Lacking of: Law enforcement is still limited, and need to revise(Ex. Law on Environmental Protection and Natural
Resource Management 24/12/1996, Sub Decree onwater pollution control- 06, 09,1999 ) Expertise officials
 Field equipment, transportation facility, budget Poor documentation of data and related information
 Willingness of factory’s owner (Ex. they run WWTP
at the daytime, but stopping during the nighttime).
12

2. Situation and challenges for the
problematic industries andcountermeasures13

Overview of the problematic industry
 Industrial wastewater are not properly treated prior todischarge into receiving sources, except chemical usedfactories are strictly recommended to treat by the MoE
 Offense still occurred (discharged effluent without

treatment or treated not conform to national standard) Doing a penalty for 7 cases whose violated theenvironmental legislations/regulations

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Impact to the environment ofwastewater emitted from industry
 Many complain from public during the public forum at :– Svay Rieng Province : Tapov Stream were polluted
by industrial wastewater (SEZs) discharging– Phnom Penh : Toektla river were polluted byindustrial wastewater discharging– Preah Sihanouk Province: sea water changed in color
by industrial wastewater discharging

15

The reason for non-compliance Factory ‘s owner have to choose the appropriate
method or technology for constructing, installation andrunning their WWTP properly and discharged effluent
must conform to national standard However, a few of them select only focus base on: Cheap price Old equipment
 Low cost operation without qualified operator
 Intact, electricity price is higher than neighbor country,
so they do not want to run their WWTP fully.
16

Current mitigation measures
 In recently, MoE has established the permanently interministerial working group (30 December, 2016) for carry out
solutions to environmental pollution issues from factories
 The composition of working group as following: Representative from MoE ( Under Secretary of state ) Chair Representative from MoI ( Under Secretary of state ) Vice Chair Representative from MoIH ( Under Secretary of state ) Vice Chair Representative from MoLVT ( Under Secretary of state ) Vice Chair Representative from CDC ( Deputy General Secretariat ) Vice Chair Representative from MoE ( Director General ) Permanently Vice Chair Representative from relevant departments (14 people) Member
17Role and Responsibility
 Set up procedures and countermeasures for solving issues
related to serious pollution caused by factories
 Inspect and collect information from factories that cause
serious pollution or causing harm to health or people'sinterests.
 Solve serious environmental issues by factory sources inaccordance with legal and regulation in force.
 Identifying potential high-polluting factory must be
applying mitigation and precaution measures
 Introduce, advise, and encourage factory owners to focus
on waste management and waste disposal according toenvironmental safety rules.
18

Circular on the introduction of measures forenvironmental protection from factories(03 March 2017)
1) Interim fines to factory owners by mistake andsuspend the authorization to import state-owned
taxpayers or suspension of business operations
temporarily or permanently
2) Educate and advise factory owners to make technicaladjustments to the manufacturing sector that pollutes
the environment.
3) Send technical experts team to guide factory owners
to make technical adjustments to the manufacturingsector that pollutes the environment.
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Circular on the introduction of measures forenvironmental protection from factories
5) Make public the factory name and factoryowner's name that does not comply with existing
environmental standards and legal normative
regulations.
6) Enter factory name and factory owner's name onthe list of polluting factories (Blacklist).
7) To use the court mechanism to compensate theenvironmental damage by calculating the actual
size from the date it happened.
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Prakas on Self Monitoring and Report(01 sept. 2017)

 Purpose: This Prakas aims to prevent and reduce
environmental pollution from potentially highpollution sources to ensure public health, biodiversity
and environmental protection.
 Scope: This Prakas is applicable to self monitoring
control activities in potentially high pollution sources.

21Annex 2: Type of factory and parameter to bemeasured by automatic equipment

No

Type of Factory

Parameter

Time

12
3

Leather manufacturing
Textile and Dying factory
Washing and Dying Costumes
factory
Special Economic Zone (WWTP)
Plating factory
Steel or Metal factory
Chemical Product FactoryCentral Sewage Treatment Plant
Coal Power Plant
Pulp and paper manufacturingFlow, T , pH, TSS , COD
Flow, T , pH, TSS , COD
Flow, T , pH, TSS , COD

24/24h24/24h24/24hFlow, T , pH, TSS , COD
Flow, T , pH, TSS , COD
Flow, T , pH, TSS , COD
Flow, T , pH, TSS , COD
Flow, T , pH, TSS , COD
Flow, T , pH
Flow, T , pH, TSS , COD

24/24h24/24h24/24h24/24h24/24h24/24h24/24h4567891022

Technologies and needs for addressing
the challenges
 Technology of conventional wastewater treatment isrequired for industries at some provinces and cities,
while Phnom Penh Capital requires advanced
wastewater treatment due to high densities population
and urban growth.
 A self wastewater treatment, monitoring andreporting at chemical-used industries is firmly needed23

Technologies and needs for addressing
the challenges
 Field visit and exchanging experiences withexperienced/successful countries or partners isrecommended
 It is suggested to WEPA Secretariat to hold thetraining of trainers (ToT) as providing opportunity
to member countries to relevant technologies in
response the sound industrial wastewater
management24