Sugar intakes by Japanese children••••••

By the previous studies (shown in our HP elsewhere) Japanese common sugars (sucrose, glucose, fructose andlactose) in 135 sugar rich foods and beverages (42 commercial beverages and chilled snacks, 64 commercial
cakes and cookies, and 29 homemade cookies).
A nutrition survey conducted for 3 weekdays with 362 Japanese school children (7, 10 and 13 years old) in 8
prefectures from different areas of Japan. The methods used in the survey were the weighing method for school
lunches and the 24 hour recall method for other foods. Height and weight were measured before the survey.
Height and weight were similar to Japanese averages. Energy intakes were also similar to the results of Japanese
National Health and Nutrition Surveys. Mean intake of sugar eaten outside meals was 24.7±15.5g/day. From
the Japanese National Health and Nutrition Survey conducted in 2009, the mean sucrose intake from meals for 714 year old children was 5.5g/day. Therefore the mean total sugar intake of these children was estimated to beabout 30g/day. This was within the range of FAO/WHO recommendations (less than 10% of energy intakes, 49g
for these children). Mean intakes among age groups were not significantly different in each gender (p>0.05), but
the intakes for girls was lower than for boys in the oldest age group (p<0.05).
Contributions of each sugar to total intake were; sucrose 64.4 ± 19.1％ (mainly from baked goods), fructose
13.2 ± 10.4% (mainly from beverages, jelly and pudding), glucose 12.4 ± 8.4% (mainly from beverages, jellyand pudding) and lactose 8.8 ± 8.2% (mainly from milk beverages and yogurt). Contributions of food groups tothe sugar intake were; beverages 25%, baked goods 19% and ice cream 17%. The sum of the sugar from these 3
food groups was more than 60% of daily intake. Fructose contained in non-juice beverages is usually fromisomerized sugar. The use of isomerized sugar was assumed to be high. The effects of different sugars arepresumed to be different, which suggests that we need to be careful not only about taste but also about health.
No relationships were observed between sugar intake and body weight in all the groups.
In conclusion, although the average sugar intake of Japanese children met the FAO/WHO recommendation, wehave to be careful about the kinds of sugars and their effects on health.

Study area in Japan

Sugar intakes in various countries
Intakes
Country[ｇ/day]USA*1

124-142

UK *284

Holland *3

135South Africa *442－59

出典：*National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006** Family Food 2007*** Dutch National Food Consumption Survey-Young children2005/2006**** The National Food Consumption Survey; children aged 1-9years1999

Sugar intakes from beverages and snacks[g/day]AgeYears
7gender(A)sucrose(B)
glucose(C)
fructose(D)lactose(A)+(B)+(C)+(D)totalboy

33 15.9 ± 9.4

3.1 ± 2.6 a b c 3.5 ± 3.3 a b c 2.5 ± 2.3

25.1 ± 14.6 a bgirl

42 17.7 ± 11.7

3.5 ± 3.0 a b c 3.8 ± 3.6 a b c 2.4 ± 1.6

27.4 ± 15.9 aboy

64 16.8 ± 9.8

3.2 ± 3.4 a b c 3.4 ± 3.7 a b c 2.2 ± 1.9

25.7 ± 14.2 a bgirl

64 16.6 ± 9.5

3.4 ± 2.4 a b c 3.6 ± 2.8 a b c 2.4 ± 1.9

26.0 ± 12.7 a bboy

42 14.6 ± 12.7

4.0 ± 4.2 b

4.4 ± 4.6 b

2.1 ± 3.1

25.0 ± 20.7 a bgirl

38 12.0 ± 11.2

2.0 ± 2.4 c

2.1 ± 2.7 c

1.4 ± 1.7

17.5 ± 14.3 b

15.8 ± 10.7

3.2 ± 3.1

3.5 ± 3.5

2.2 ± 2.1

24.7 ± 15.5

1013MeannValues are mean ±SD.
Figures with different superscript alphabet in the same column are significantly different assessedby one-way ANOVA and then Tukey’s multiple comparison test(p＜0.05).

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2013.212.4

108.80Glucose
蔗糖Fructose
果糖Glucose
ブドウ糖

Lactose乳糖

The contribution of each sugar to the total sugar intake

Contributions of various food groups to total sugar intake

Relationships between body weight and sugar intake at 7 (A) and 10 (B) years old children
and 13 years old boys (C) and girls (D).