6HSWHPEHU
7KH-DSDQ,URQDQG6WHHO)HGHUDWLRQCONTENTS‫ە‬S
SUMMARY‫ە‬CIVIL ENGINEERING

00. Merits of Steel Structureswwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww㸫Disaster Prevention / Seismic Retrofitting㸫15. Seismic Retrofitting of Quays and Seawalls Employing Steelwwwwwwwwwww16‫ە‬BUILDING

Materials

㸫Materials㸫

16. Lateral Flow Control for Revetmentwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww17

01. SN Steel - Structural Steels for Buildingswwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww17. Liquefaction Control Earthquake Resistance Measures Using Steelww18

02. Cold-formed Rectangular Steel Tubes for Buildings - BCR/BCPwwwwwww

Sheet Piles (Embankment Structure)

03. Low Yield-point Steel for Building Structureswwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww18. Steel Slit Dam for controlling debris flowwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww19

04. Thermo-Mechanical Controlled Process - TMCP Steelwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww19. Landslide Disaster Control Method with Cribbing Structurewwwwwwwwwww20

05. High Strength Steel for Buildings - SA440/H-SA700wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
06. Fire Resistant Steel (FR) wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww07. Ultra-High-Strength Boltwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww08. H-beam with Fixed Outer Dimensionswwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww

(Steel Cribbing)
20. Falling-stone Prevention and Slope Protection Work Using Steelwwwwww21
Materials
21. High Tide and Tsunami Wave Control with Steel Materialswwwwwwwwwwwww22
22. Floating Disaster Management Base (Mega-float) wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww23

㸫Earthquake-resistant Technologies㸫
09. New Structural System Buildings Employing Innovative Steelwwwwww10
Materials
10. Buckling Restrained Brace – BRBwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww11
11. Concrete-Filled Tube – CFTwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww12

㸫Renovation㸫
23. Port Renovation Method Employing Steel Materialswwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww24
24. Method of Reinforcing Existing Bridge Foundation with Steel Pipe,ww25
Sheet Piles and Steel Pipe Piles

12. Steel Structure Disaster Protection Center Buildingwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww13
㸫Environmental Measure㸫㸫Method of Construction㸫

25. Water Shield Revetment Using Steel Piles and Steel Pipe Sheet Piles26

13. Steel Framed Housewwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww14
14. School Facility Built with a Steel Structurewwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww15(Multipurpose Institution)‫ە‬BRIDGE
26. Steels for Bridge High-performance Structure (SBHS) wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww27
27. Weathering Steel for Bridgeswwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww28

Comparison of Structural Types in Building Construction
on00.
0. Merits of Steel Structures
0es
Steel products possess the following essential
properties required of construction materials.
Ὁ High toughness Ὁ High workability
Ὁ Highly stable qualityŠSteel structures built employing these steel products offer thefollowing features:Mainstructural
type

Steel structure

Concrete-filled steel tube
(CFT) structure

Reinforced-concrete (RC)structure

Wooden structure

Feature• Large span, high freedom inspace design; Easy response
to future designchange• Shorter construction term
• Requirement for provisionof fire-resistant andcorrosion-protection measures• Improved strength anddeformation capacity due tomutual restriction effect ofsteel tube and concrete• High rigidity and less vibration• High fire resistance• Heavy structural weight andlonger construction term
• Low resistance to tension andcare to crack occurrence• Light weight and easy
fabrication• Requirement for provision offire-resistant measure• Limited space size

Structural
outlineƂHigh resistance to earthquakes and other disastersƃȷSteel structures: Tenaciously resistant to seismic vibrations
ȷMulti-function public facilities with the basic purpose of disasterprevention: No damage even in earthquakes with a seismic intensity of 7
ȷCFT columns and vibration-damping steel products are effective in further
enhancing seismic resistance

Application Fields
dsƂStabile quality and shortened construction term due to industrial
productionƃ
ȷStable supply due to plant manufacture
ȷReduced on-site construction termȷApplicability in narrow work sites and on soft ground due to the lightweight of steel structuresƂRich design performanceƃ
ȷLightweight design incorporating slender columns and beams
ȷHigh workability, ease of installing curvilinear and other structures
ȷEase of combined use with other materials such as concrete, timber andglass

ABENO HARUKASƂHigh landscaping performance and flexible space constructionƃ
ȷLarge, column-free spaces
ȷFlexible response to future application changes, prolonged service life of
structures

TOKYO SKYTREEƂGlobal environmentally friendly materialƃȷRecyclable, reduces construction wastes, and is a sustainable material
ȷReuse by means of demolition and restructuring allows resources savings
ȷMitigates environmental burdens due to improved durability

Tokyo Gate Bridgeᵡᶍᶌᶒᵿᶁᶒᴾ-1-

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

Weathering steel bridge

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

-2-

01. SN
N St
Steel
tee
el
Structural Steels for Buildingsgsᾐ᾿᾿ΆᾸᾲᾰᾱΆᾴ
ᾴᴾ ᾢᾴᾲῃι῁ι῁ᴾH-beam, thick plate, and others

ᵱᵬᴾᶑᶒᶃᶃᶊᶑᴾᵿᶐᶃᴾᶐᶃᶁᶍᶋᶋᶃᶌᶂᶃᶂᴾᶒᶍᴾᵿᶎᶎᶊᶗᴾᶒᶍᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶑᶒᶐᶓᶁᶒᶓᶐᵿᶊᴾᶋᶃᶋᶀᶃᶐᶑᴾᶇᶌᴾᶕᶆᶇᶁᶆᴾᶇᶌᶃᶊᵿᶑᶒᶇᶁᴾᶂᶃᶄᶍᶐᶋᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᶑᴾᵿᶐᶃᴾᵿᶌᶒᶇᶁᶇᶎᵿᶒᶃᶂᵌᴾᴾ
ŠDeformation index, which represent the seismic
performance of steel materials, is introduced to SN
steels along with weldability & toughness indexes.

For general
structure

JIS G3106

JIS G3444

JIS G3466

SS400
SS490

SM400A, B, C
SM490A, B, C

STK400
STK490

STKR400
STKR490

JIS G313
G313

JIS G3475

Ministercertification

SN400A, B, O
SN490B, C

STKN400W, B
STKN490B

BCR295
BCP235, 325

For building
structureᾕᾴᾰῃῄ῁ᾴᾴᴾ

2. Upper limit for Carbon equivalent (Ceq) эSecuring the weldability.

Item Seismic resistance

3. Lineup of 3 types of steel (A-, B-, and C-type) эMultiple choices of steel types          according to the applications.

Standard
SS400

4. As for C-type, Rigorous control of P and S amount and through thickness properties.
 эSecuring mechanical properties          in through-thickness directions.

SM400A
SM490A
SM400B
SM490B

Specified Properties
Designation

ǻ YP,
ǻ TS,
YR80%

SM400CStrength䞉Strength䞉Toughness
䞉Toughness

Weldability

SM490C

Charpy ThroughImpact Thickness
Testproperty

Ultrasonic
Test(plates)

Ceq(P,S etc.)

SN400Az (CEV)

SN400C

16 䍺t䍺 250



z



SN490C

Weldability

YR
Upper
limit

YP
Upper
limit

V E0

Lower
limit

u

u

u

Throughthickness
property

Thicknessdirection
property

u

u

u

0.035

u

u

u

0.035

0.035

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

u

{

u

{

{

{

C
Upper
limit

P
Upper
limit

S
Upper
limit

Ceq
Lower
limit

u

0.050

0.050

0.035

0.23

u

u

u

u

u

27J

u

u

47J

0.18

0.035

0.035

u

u

u

0.24

0.050

0.050

80%

{

27J

80%

{

27J

0.20
0.20
0.18

0.20
0.18
0.20
0.18

0.030

0.015

0.020

0.008

ᾣ῁ᾰᾲᾺ
Ὰᴾ ᾡᾴᾲι῁ᾳ
ᾳᴾ

SN490
TS490
YP325
Mpa

SN400B
SN490CS355J0
TS470
YP345
Mpa

16 䍺t䍺 100

z

z

z

Rectangular steel
tube

JIS G3101

1. Upper limit for yield point and ratio of yield point.
 эSecuring the plastic deformation capacity in frame.

Thicknessmm

Circular steel
tube

z

z

<Supplied Amount in 2011> ᲯᲱᲬ,ᲫᲯᲱtonᵡᶍᶌᶒᵿᶁᶒᴾ

0.36
0.44
0.36
0.44

ᾒιῂῃ
ῂῃᴾ
To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

02. Coldldd-formed
med
d RectangularRularr Steel Tubess
for Buildings
Buililldin
ng
gs
g
s
%&5
5ዘ%&3
3

ᾐ᾿᾿ΆᾸᾲᾰᾱΆᾴ
ᾴᴾ ᾢᾴᾲῃι῁
ι῁ᴾᵠᵡᵰᵍᵠᵡᵮᴾᵿᶐᶃᴾᶑᶓᶎᶎᶊᶇᶃᶂᴾᶕᶇᶒᶆᴾᶕᶇᶂᶃᴾᶐᵿᶌᶅᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾ
ᶑᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᶑᴾᶑᶇᶘᶃᶑᵊᴾᵿᶐᶃᴾᶓᶑᶃᶂᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾᶅᶃᶌᶃᶐᵿᶊᴾᶑᶒᶐᶓᶁᶒᶓᶐᵿᶊᴾᶋᶃᶋᶀᶃᶐᶑᴾᶑᶓᶁᶆᴾᵿᶑᴾᶁᶍᶊᶓᶋᶌᶑᴾᵄᴾᶒᶐᶓᶑᶑᶃᶑᴾᶃᶒᶁᵌᴾ
COLUMNBRACE%QNWOPUŠThe sizes of the Rectangular Steel Tubes are
ranging from min. width of 150mm unto the max.
1000mm in sectional dimensions. Large sections are
manufactured as BCP, and smaller sections are
manufactured as BCR.

TRUSS

$TCEGU6TWUUGUᾕᾴᾰῃῄ῁ᾴᾴᴾŠ Deformation index, which represent the seismic
performance of steel materials, is introduced to SN
steels along with weldability & toughness indexes.

Item

Seismic
resistance

Weldability

Standard

YR
Upper
limit

YP
Upper
limit

V E0
Lower
limit

C
Upper
limit

P
Upper
limit

S
Upper
limit

Ceq
Upper
limit

BCR295

90%

{

27J

0.20

0.030

0.015

0.36

u

BCP235B
BCP325B

80%

{

27J

0.20
0.18

0.030

0.015

0.36
0.44

u

BCP235C
BCP325C

80%

{

27J

0.20
0.18

0.020

0.008

0.36
0.44

{

ᾣ῁ᾰᾲᾺ
Ὰᴾ ᾡᾴᾲι῁ᾳ
ᾳᴾ<Supplied Amount in 2011>    BCR 310,000 ton
 BCP 190,000 tonᵡᶍᶌᶒᵿᶁᶒᴾ

-3-

Thicknessdirection
propertyᾒιῂῃῂῃᴾ
To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

-4ᵟᶎᶎᶊᶇᶁᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾᵱᶃᶁᶒᶍᶐ
ᶍᶐᴾd-pointdpoint Steeleel fforr
03. Low Yield-po
Building Structureses

1. Brace-type

2. Shear Wall type

3. Stud-typeᵪᶍᶕ ᵷᶇᶃᶊᶂ ᶎᶍᶇᶌᶒ ᶑᶒᶃᶃᶊ ᶕᵿᶑ ᶂᶃᶑᶇᶅᶌᶃᶂ ᵿᶌᶂ ᶂᶃᶔᶃᶊᶍᶎᶃᶂ
ᵪᶍᶕᴾᵷᶇᶃᶊᶂᵋᶎᶍᶇᶌᶒᴾᶑᶒᶃᶃᶊᴾᶕᵿᶑᴾᶂᶃᶑᶇᶅᶌᶃᶂᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᶂᶃᶔᶃᶊᶍᶎᶃᶂᴾ
ᶄᶍᶐᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶃᶌᶃᶐᶅᶗᴾᶂᶇᶑᶑᶇᶎᵿᶒᶇᶔᶃᴾᶃᶊᶃᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᶍᶄᴾᶆᶗᶑᶒᶃᶐᶃᶒᶇᶁᴾᶂᵿᶋᶎᶃᶐᶑᵊᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᶇᶑᴾᶓᶌᶇᶏᶓᶃᴾᶇᶌᴾᶇᶒᶑᴾᶊᵿᶐᶅᶃᴾᶂᶓᶁᶒᶇᶊᶇᶒᶗᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᶊᶍᶕᴾᶗᶇᶃᶊᶂᴾᶑᶒᶐᶃᶌᶅᶒᶆᵌᴾ
Š Since weldability and Charpy Impact properties are
stipulated along with the general mechanicalrequirements in its material standard, low-yield pointsteel can be fabricated in various forms.
Features: In contrast to conventional steel
c lower yield point
d narrower range of deviation in yield strengthe larger elongation
f suitable for hysteretic damper

Suitable forhysteretic
damperᵤᶃᵿᶒᶓᶐᶃ
ᶐᶃᴾ

Stress (N/mm2)

Lower yield point or
yield strength(N/mm2)Tensile strength(N/mm2)

Yield ratio
(%)

LY100

80~120200~300

䍺60

LY225

205~245300~400

䍺80

Grade

780 N/mm2 steel for building structureᵲᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾᵰᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂ
ᶐᶂᴾ
AdoptedAd
t d iin variousiapplication.
li tiStrain (%)ᵡᶍᶌᶒᵿᶁᶒᴾ

Elongation
Test specimen(%)

JIS Z 2201
No. 5

50䍺
40䍺

ᵡᶍᶑᶒ
ᶑᴾ
ᶑᶒ
To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

ᵟᶎᶎᶊᶇᶁᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾᵱᶃᶁᶒᶍᶐ
ᶍᶐᴾ

moo-Mechanical
Mechanical ContrM
ontrross
04. Thermo
Controlled
Processel/ TMCP steelᵲᵫᵡᵮᴾᶑᶒᶃᶃᶊᴾᶆᵿᶑᴾᵿᶂᶔᵿᶌᶒᵿᶅᶃᶑᴾᶇᶌᴾᶀᶍᶒᶆᴾᶑᶒᶐᶃᶌᶅᶒᶆᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᶕᶃᶊᶂᵿᶀᶇᶊᶇᶒᶗᵌᴾᵠᶗᴾᵿᶂᶍᶎᶒᶇᶌᶅᴾᵲᵫᵡᵮᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾᶊᵿᶐᶅᶃᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᶒᶆᶇᶁᶉᴾᶋᶃᶋᶀᶃᶐᶑᵊᴾᶒᶆᶃᶇᶐᴾᶑᶇᶘᶃᶑᴾᶁᵿᶌᴾᶀᶃᴾᶋᶇᶌᶇᶋᶇᶘᶃᶂᴾᶑᶍᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶄᵿᶀᶐᶇᶁᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶁᶍᶑᶒᵌᴾ

Column

Beam

Truss

Etc.

ᵤᶃᵿᶒᶓᶐᶃ
ᶐᶃᴾŠMaintaining Low rate of Ceq & PCM, TMCP Steelachieves high yield strength without losing weldability.

As for TMCP, Constant Yield Strength is specified throughout the thickness range.
Designation

SM490B

Tensile Strength (N/mm2)
TMCP
䠄air cooling䠅

TMCP(water coolig)

700

Thickness
(mm)

Yield
Strength(N/mm2)

6ӌt䠘12325ӌ

12ӌt䠘40325䡚44540ӌtӌ100295䡚415

TensileStrength(N/mm2)

Yield
Ratio
(%)

ImpactEnergy(J)

Weldability
Ceq
(%)

[0Υ]
27 ӌ

(tӌ40)㻌 䠘0.44(40䠘t)㻌 䠘0.46

䠉490䡚610

ӌ80

TMCP325B 40ӌtӌ100 325 䡚445

490䡚610

ӌ80

[0Υ]
27 ӌ

(tӌ50)㻌 䠘0.38(50䠘t)㻌 䠘0.40

TMCP355B 40ӌtӌ100

355䡚475520䡚640

ӌ80

[0Υ]
27ӌ

(tӌ50)㻌 䠘0.40(50䠘t)㻌 䠘0.42

TMCP385B 19ӌtӌ100

385䡚505550䡚670

ӌ80

[0Υ]
70 ӌ

(tӌ50)㻌 䠘0.40(50䠘t)㻌 䠘0.42

600
500
As Roll

400
0.20

0. 30
Ceq (%)

0.40

ᵲᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾᵰᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂ
ᶐᶂᴾ

0.50

AdoptedAd
t d iin variousiapplications
li tiᵡᶍᶌᶒᵿᶁᶒᴾ

-5-

ᵡᶍᶑᶒ
ᶑᴾ
ᶑᶒ
To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

-6ᵟᶎᶎᶊᶇᶁᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾᵱᶃᶁᶒᶍᶐ
ᶍᶐᴾ

05. Highh St
Strengthreng
gthth Steel
S eel forSte
fo
orr Buildings
B
Bu
ui
gs
ίSA44040ῒ
40
0ῒH-SA70000ὸ
00
0ὸᵦᶇᶅᶆᴾᵱᶒᶐᶃᶌᶅᶒᶆᴾᵱᶒᶃᶃᶊᶑᴾᶆᵿᶔᶃᴾᵿᶌᴾᵿᶂᶔᵿᶌᶒᵿᶅᶃᴾᶇᶌᴾ
ᶂᶍᶕᶌᶑᶇᶘᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶊᵿᶐᶅᶃᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᶒᶆᶇᶁᶉᴾᶎᶐᶍᶄᶇᶊᶃᴾᶋᶃᶋᶀᶃᶐᵊᴾᶕᶆᶇᶁᶆᴾᶐᶃᶑᶓᶊᶒᶑᴾᶇᶌᴾᶊᶇᶅᶆᶒᶃᶐᴾᶕᶃᶇᶅᶆᶒᴾᶍᶄᴾᶋᶃᶋᶀᶃᶐᵌᴾ

㻲㼥㻌
800
㻔㻺㻛㼙㼙㻞㻕㻌
㼃㼑㼎㻌㼀㼔㼕㼏㼗㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼠㻝㻌㻔㼙㼙㻕㻌
t1=85 㻲㼘㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼀㼔㼕㼏㼗㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼠㻞㻌㻔㼙㼙㻕㻌
㻿㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
t2=100㻭㼞㼑㼍㻌㻔㼏㼙㻞㻕㻌Steel Weight Ratio (%)
㗰ᮦ㔜㔞పῶ⋡㻌㻔㻑㻕
w/ equivalent
strength1350ŠDesigning with high strength steels, sectional
dimensions and steel weights can be reduced
remarkably. In addition, fabrication work load can be
reduced as well.

㻝㻜㻜㻑㻿㻺㻠㻥㻜㻮㻌

㻿㻭㻠㻠㻜㻌

㻴㻙㻿㻭㻣㻜㻜㻌

㻞㻥㻡㻌

㻠㻠㻜㻌

㻣㻜㻜㻌

㻤㻡㻌

㻢㻡㻌

㻠㻜㻌

㻡㻜㻌

㻞㻡㻣㻤㻌

㻝㻣㻝㻝㻌

㻝㻜㻜㻑

Etc.

As for SA440 & H-SA700, constant yield strength is specified
throughout the thickness range.
Designation

Thickness
(mm)

Yield
Strength(N/mm2)

6ӌt䠘12325ӌ

12ӌt䠘40325䡚445

TensileStrength(N/mm2)

Yield Impact
Ration Energy
(J)
(%)

䠉
490䡚610
ӌ80

㻟㻡㻌
㻝㻜㻤㻡㻌

Truss

ᵤᶃᵿᶒᶓᶐᶃ
ᶐᶃᴾ

SN490B㻝㻜㻜㻌

BeamColumn40ӌtӌ100
SA440CH-SA700B

19 ӌ100

6 ӌ 50295䡚415440 䡚540590䡚740ӌ80

700 䡚 900 780 䡚1000 ӌ 98

Ceq
(%)

(tӌ40)[0Υ] 㻌 㻌 ӌ0.44
27ӌ (40䠘t)㻌 㻌 ӌ0.46(tӌ40)[0Υ] 㻌 㻌 ӌ0.44
47ӌ (40䠘t)㻌 㻌 ӌ0.47[-20Υ]
47ӌ

ӌ0.60

Pcm
(%)

ӌ0.29

ӌ0.28
ӌ0.30
ӌ0.30

㻤㻜㻑
㻢㻢㻑

㻢㻜㻑

ᵲᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾᵰᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂ
ᶐᶂᴾ

㻠㻞㻑

㻠㻜㻑

AdoptedAd
t d ini variousiapplications
li ti

㻞㻜㻑

ᵡᶍᶑᶒ
ᶑᴾ
ᶑᶒ
To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

㻜㻑㻿㻺㻠㻥㻜㻮

㻿㻭㻠㻠㻜㻮

㻴㻙㻿㻭㻣㻜㻜

ᵡᶍᶌᶒᵿᶁᶒᴾ

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

Standard Conditionof application

Applicable sector
or

06. Fire Resistant Steelel ίFReRὸ
Rὸ

Multi-storeyM
lti t
open car parkᴾ

The use of fire resistant steels
successfully reduces
the amount of fire protection.

External steel
frame structuresᴾ

The design specification vary
according to the standard of eachcountry.

Atriumᴾ

Featurere
The steel materials which are superior in high temperature performance Eliminating fire protection specifications enables cost
reduction, shorter construction period, and improved work
environment compared to traditional buildings.

Yield Strength(N/mm2)
400
YP
Fire resistant steel300

217(N/mm2)

200

YP
General steel(SN490)9 The proof stress at 600 㼻C guarantees
more than 2/3 of the normal
temperature value of standard.

The performance of FR Steel atroom temp. corresponds to thatspecified in the standards for
ASTM A 1077, JIS G 3136

100

Application examples for multi-storey open car park0

The design, workability,
weldability of FR Steel at room
temp. are the same as those ofgeneral steel.

YP: Yield point
20 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Temperature (qC)Trackk RecordrdOverseasᾉNone
JapanᾉA lot of past records
available since its introduction in
1989.( multi-storey car park,
atrium others.)

Application examples
for external steel frame
structuresᴾ

Costst
For particulars, please contact ususing the contact information
below.

Application examples for Atriumᴾ
Contact-7-

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

-8-

07. Ultra
raa-High
hh-Strength
Bolt
olt
The number of bolts and weightof the plate can be reduced toabout 2/3 at the bolted joints.ᴾ
 Compact design of joint

Applicable sector
or

ᴾ

Steel
structure

Standard Conditionof application

9 Available only in the indoor
environmentᴾ

FeaturereSuper hiShigh-strengthhboltthat has yield strength about 1.5 times the conventional bolt (F10T)ᴾ
9 Tensile strength :1,400~1,490ᴾ (N/mm2)
9 Material superior in delayed-fracture resistance property
9 Bolt shape and new screw shape that can mitigate
concentration of stress
9 Minister Certification and assessment by a building
evaluation organization were obtained

S10T
H

H
H

H

H

Ultra-high-strength bolts
H

H

H
H

When using conventional F10T

When using ultra-high-strength bolts

 Reduction of construction costs
Conventional method

New methods

Plate material
cost

Plate material Bolt material costs
costReduced number ofhigh-strength bolts

Reduced number of highstrength bolts makes plates
smaller and lighter

ReducedRdd erection
ti weight
Safety during working in highplaces is improved by lightening
splice plate.

Bolt tightening
cost

Bolt tightening
cost

H

H

H
H

H

The limit of hydrogen content in which
the delayed-fracture takes place is high.

Erection and transportation costs

Bolt material
costs

H

Meter Coarse Screw

Track
k RecordrdOverseasᾉNone
Japanᾉ
Approx. 3000 ton in fiscal year 2011.
(There are a lot of past records
available since its introduction in2006. )

Ultra-high-strength
bolts

Cost
st
For particulars, please contact ususing the contact information
below.

Reduced number oftightening bolts
Shortening ofworking hours fortightening bolt

Contact

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

08. H-Beamnswith Fixed Outer Dimensions

Applicable sector
or

ᴾ

St
Steellstructure

Fixed beam depth and flange width in asame size series enable a simple design
and fabrication work

Standard Conditionof application
9 Size of H-beam
ᴾ ὉHeight of webᴾ 400῍1000mm
ᴾ ὉWidth of flangeᴾ 200῍400mm

FeaturereFixed beam depth and flange width in a same size series

9 Optimal structural design and construction cost saving
H-beam with
fixed outer dimensions

Fixed beam depth

Conventional H-beamƂJoint of the H-Beamƃ

Fixed flange width

Conventional H-beam(fixed inner dimensions)

Filler plate:2type of 5pieces

Wide variety of sizes

Superior dimensions,shape precision

Trackk Record
rd

Cost
st

Filler plate:1type of 2piecesƂJoint of the column and beamƃ

OverseasᾉA
A llot off resultslJapanᾉA lot of results

Different in top
and bottom

H-beam with
fixed outer dimensions

F particulars,
i l
l
For
pleasecontact ususing the contact information
below.

Same in top
and bottom
Contact-9-

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

- 10 -

09
09.
9.. New
9w St
StructuralS
tru
uctural System
m BuildingsBuuilding
gss
g
Employingg Innovative Steelel Materials
lsApplicable Sector
or
Pilot Projects Conceivable in “New Structural System Buildings Employing Innovative Structural Materials”
Multi-purpose facilities: Community center
equipped with advanced disaster prevention
facilities in dwelling area

Medium and high-rise business facilities: Medium
and high-rise, large-space office buildings built in
urban centerᵲᶆᶃᴾᶎᶐᶍᶎᶍᶑᶃᶂᴾᶀᶓᶇᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᶑᴾᵿᶐᶃᴾᶃᶖᶎᶃᶁᶒᶃᶂᴾᶒᶍᴾᶆᶍᶓᶑᶃᴾᴾ
ᶋᶓᶌᶇᶁᶇᶎᵿᶊᴾᶅᶍᶔᶃᶐᶌᶋᶃᶌᶒᶑᴾᵄᴾᶁᶍᶋᶋᶓᶌᶇᶒᶗᴾᶁᶃᶌᶒᶃᶐᶑᴾᶃᶒᶁᵌᴾᴾ
ŠThe proposed buildings are designed & developed
so as to ensure the continuous functioning duringmega-earthquake.

刷Outer shell structural system with no use of welding and employing
coupled vibration control technique ( or suspension structure )刷No damage for seismic intensity 7 earthquakes, elastic design
刷Use of innovative steel materials by 15% in total steel product amount
刷Maximized resources recycling means of 3R of steel products

刷Double core-type vibration-control structures, large space
刷Slender columns in outer perimeter, and concrete-filled steel (CFT) tube
columns in middle
刷No damage for seismic intensity 7 earthquakes, columns and beams
employing innovative structural materials, CFT columns, steel dampers

High-rise businessfacilities: Multipurpose high-rise,buildings built in
urban redevelopment
Projects and highlydense area

刷Structures incorporating
high-performance
vibration-control devices
into composite framescomposed of moment
frame or tube structuresand outrigger frames
刷No damage for seismic
intensity 7 earthquakes,
elastic design ; safety +habiability during strongwindsᾕᾴᾰῃῄ῁ᾴᾴᴾCurrent DesignᲴᲴUnder mega-earthquake, structures does
not collapse, but suffers damages.

Proposed system Ჴ By means of ultra high strength steel& dumping devices, main structural systems can be
maintained being elastic with no damages under megaearthquake.
Seismic Resistance of New Structural System Building
Method to determine seismic
intensity scale
Seismic resistance targeted by
New Structural System Buildings(Elastic range in seismic intensity
scale of 7)

Currently prevailing design method

1~4

5-

5+

6-

6+

7

No damage (main structures remain in elastic range)
Absorption of seismic energy using vibration-control damper
No damage(main structures remain
in elastic range)

Causing no collapse,
but allowing damages

Establishment ofadvanced technology

Classification to 10 scales based on the seismic intensity
measured by seismometers (Japan Meteorological Agency)ᾣ῁ᾰᾲᾺᾺᴾ ᾡᾴᾲι῁ᾳ
ᾳᴾ

ᾒιῂῃ
ῂῃᴾ

The designi conceptt & theth materialst
are adopted in practice.

To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

ᵡᶍᶌᶒᵿᶁᶒᴾ

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

ᵟᶎᶎᶊᶇᶁᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾᵱᶃᶁᶒᶍᶐ
ᶍᶐᴾ

10. Buckling Restrained Brace / BRB
B

Buildings
Bridgesᵠᶗᴾᵿᶂᶍᶎᶒᶇᶌᶅᴾᵠᵰᵠᵊᴾᶋᵿᶇᶌᴾᶑᶒᶐᶓᶁᶒᶓᶐᵿᶊᴾᶄᶐᵿᶋᶃᴾᶁᵿᶌᴾᶀᶃᴾ
ᶉᶃᶎᶒᴾᶇᶌᶒᵿᶁᶒᴾᶍᶐᴾᶊᶃᶑᶑᵋᶂᵿᶋᵿᶅᶃᶂᴾᶃᶔᶃᶌᴾᶓᶌᶂᶃᶐᴾᶃᶖᶒᶐᶃᶋᶃᴾᶊᶍᵿᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᶁᶍᶌᶂᶇᶒᶇᶍᶌᶑᵌᴾ

Industrial Plants
Etc.

ᵤᶃᵿᶒᶓᶐᶃ
ᶐᶃᴾŠBRB, assembled from core axial member andrestraining concrete or hollow section, maintains
stable hysteretic characteristic and absorbs seismic
force effectively, and reduces damages of main
structural frame.

Features: Buckling-restrained Braces exhibit stable restoring force
in repetitive loading condition, and absorb seismic energy effectively
and reduce earthquake damage of buildings.
P (t)

P

Amount of absorbed energy

Displacement (mm)Conventional Brace

Buckling-restrained Brace

Buckling

P
Compression

Compression

Displacement.
Tension

Performance of Buckling-restrained Brace

Load

Load

ᵲᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾᵰᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂ
ᶐᶂᴾ

Displacement.

Adopted in variou application

Tensionᵡᶍᶌᶒᵿᶁᶒᴾ

- 11 -

ᵡᶍᶑᶒᶑᴾᶑᶒ
To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

- 12 ᵟᶎᶎᶊᶇᶁᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾᵱᶃᶁᶒᶍᶐ
ᶍᶐᴾ

tee-Filled Tube / CFTT
11. Concrete

Buildings

Bridges

Towersᵠᶃᵿᶐᶇᶌᶅᴾᵡᵿᶎᵿᶁᶇᶒᶗᴾᶍᶄᴾᵡᵤᵲᴾᶋᶃᶋᶀᶃᶐᴾᶇᶑᴾᶑᶓᶎᶃᶐᶇᶍᶐᴾᶒᶍᴾᵰᵡᴾᵄᴾᵱᶒᶃᶃᶊᴾᶑᶒᶐᶓᶁᶒᶓᶐᶃᶑᵌᴾᵠᶗᴾᵿᶂᶍᶎᶒᶇᶌᶅᴾᵡᵤᵲᵊᴾᶋᶃᶅᵿᶁᶍᶊᶓᶋᶌᶑᴾᶍᶄᴾᶆᶇᶅᶆᶐᶇᶑᶃᴾᶀᶓᶇᶊᶂᶇᶌᶅᶑᴾᶁᵿᶌᴾᶀᶃᴾ
ᶂᶍᶕᶌᶑᶇᶘᶃᶂᴾᶐᶃᶋᵿᶐᶉᵿᶀᶊᶗᵌᴾᴾᴾᴾ
ŠCFT structure is a structural framing comprised ofconcrete-filled tubes and steel beams. CFT achieves
higher seismic performance and fire resistance withthe aid of the combined effects of steel and concrete.

Etc.

ᵤᶃᵿᶒᶓᶐᶃ
ᶐᶃᴾ

steel

concrete

Mutual restraining
effect of steel pipe andconcrete increases
strength anddeformation capacityᵲᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾᵰᶃᶁᶍᶐᶂ
ᶐᶂᴾ<Num. of Construction during’96-’08>
 830 buildingsᲢҸ65ᲩyearᲣᵡᶍᶌᶒᵿᶁᶒᴾ

ᵡᶍᶑᶒ
ᶑᴾ
ᶑᶒ
To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

12. Steel structureedisaster protection center buildinggApplicable sector
or

Featurere Superior earthquake-proof and tsunami-proof safety
 Versatile use of space

Concrete-Filled
Steel Tube (CFT)

Improvement of tsunami-proof
safetyImprovement of seismic
performance

9 Avoids the destructive force of tsunami bya pilotis structure, the height of which
exceeds the height of the postulated
tsunami.

9 Vibration control structure using
buckling-restrained brace is employed forthe superstructure to improve seismic
performance.

9 CFT structure of high yield strength andhigh stiffness is employed for pilotis
columns to improve tsunami-proof safety.

9 The seismic force applied to the pilotis
structure is reduced by lightweight
construction solution using a steel
structure.

Damping
structure

Achievement of flexible spaceplanning by employing long span
structure
9 The steel structure enables a long span
structure, which provides a flexible spaceplanning with fewer columns.

9 It is easy to use this space asmultipurpose-use space in an emergency
and to plan layout change, etc. in the
future.

Pilotistructure

Bucklingrestraint Brace

Shorter construction period andreduction of field work arepossible

9 Construction period can be shortenedcompared to the RC structure, andimmediate restoration and reconstruction
are possible.
9 Field work in disaster areas can be
reduced since structural steel frames
would be shop-fabricated.

Trackk RecordrdOverseasᾉNone
JapanᾉA lot of results

High-performance circular steel
tube for the CFT structureStandard Conditionof application

Disasterprevention base

Government building

Disaster protection building inquake resistance andtsunami resistance.

ᴾ

Damping structureby buckling-restraint brace

Contact- 13 -Costst
For particulars, please contact ususing the contact information below.

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

- 14 Applicable sector
or

13. Steel Framed Housese

ᴾ

Standard Conditionof application
9 buildings of three-stories or less

House

Supply of the cheap and high quality
low-rise buildings
by the steel framed house system.
 What’s the steel framed house system? ᴾ

Shop

Apartment Houses

A hybrid panel construction method composed of "wall panel," "floor panel," and"roof panel," in which steel (sheet metal light gauge sections) and structural facematerials (such as structural plywood and plasterboard) are used. 

OfficeFeaturereHigh quality and short construction period for panels㻌 method㻌 constructionz Light-gauge Channel

9 The sheet metal light gauge section steel is lightweight and easy handling Roof Trusses

Superior durabilityᴾ
9 The sheet metal light gauge section steel isᴾ the superior durability㻌 by
galv
ga
lvan
lv
aniz
an
izin
iz
ing
in
g
galvanizingᴾ

z Light-gauge Lip Channel

Global-environment-friendly productᴾ

 Floor Panels

9 Superior thermal insulation and airtight performance by external insulation
ventilation method
9 Environmental performance(Recycle/Reuse/Reduce)z Light-gauge Channel
ᴾ z Light-gauge Channel

 Wall Panels
z Light-gauge Lip Channelz Hole down Hardwarez Screw

 Superior energy saving effect by the outside adiabatic
construction method

傠the case of Steel Framed House凬
Room temperature is almost even傡Trackk Record
rd

Cost
st

OverseasᾉA lot of results in North America andAustralia.

For particulars, please contact ususing the contact information
below.

Exterior Wall
Thermal Insulation

傠the case of wooden buildingof the heat insulation material filling凬
Room temperature is not even傡

Japanᾉ
671 buildings (2826 dwelling units)
in fiscal year 2010.
(There are a lot of past records
available since its introduction in
1997. )
Contact

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

Applicable sector
or

14. School facility built with a steelelstructure (Multipurpose institution)n)ᴾ

A building enable to convert
easily into various uses.

SchoolFeaturereRobust building structure
resistant to earthquake anddisaster events

 Creation of flexible space
9 It has flexibility in dealing with future changes of space usage because alarge space without column can be provided.
9 Flexible layout planning of a room is possible by movable partitions.

9 It is superior in earthquake resistance andcan be used as a disaster protection centeror a stockpiling base.
9 Buildings with less quaking and improved
habitability are achieved by using CFT
columns or damper steel materials.

Ample design selectivity
9 Since iron is a high strength material,
designing a space with buoyant feelinghaving slender columns and girders is
possible.
9 Due to good workability, expressions such as
curves are easily implemented.

Stabilized quality and reduced
construction period due toindustrialization

Creation of flexible space
9 It has flexibility in dealing with futurechanges of space usage because a large
space without column can be provided.
9 A structure with no wall and large openings
is possible.
9 Flexible layout planning of a room ispossible by movable partitions.

 Consideration to environmental preservation

OverseasᾉUncertain㻯㼛㼙㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻸㻯㻭㻌㻔㼘㼕㼒㼑㻙㼏㼥㼏㼘㼑㻌㼍㼟㼟㼑㼟㼟㼙㼑㼚㼠㻕㻌㼎㼥㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌JapanᾉA lot of results

㻡㻜㻜

Cost
st
For particulars, please contact ususing the contact information
below.

㻠㻘㻜㻜㻜㻞㻸㻯㻱䠄㻹㻶㻛㼙 䠅㻞㻸㻯㻯㻻 㻞 䠄㼗㼓㻙㻯㻻 㻞 㻛㼙 䠅

9 Since it is shop-fabricated to reduce
operation at construction site, and sinceadvanced techniques and skills are notrequired, the quality is stable.
9 Due to superior workability and shorter
construction period, the relocation timespent in temporary schoolhouses can beshortened.

Trackk Recordrd

9 This construction material can be recycled to eliminate constructionwaste and considered to be sustainable material.

㻡㻘㻜㻜㻜Standard Conditionof application

㻟㻘㻜㻜㻜
㻞㻘㻜㻜㻜

Upper Building
frameFoundation
Pile

㻝㻘㻜㻜㻜
㻜
Steel structure

RC structure㻯㼛㼙㼜㼍㼞㼕㼟㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼚㼑㼞㼓㼥㻌㼍㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼡㼙㼑㼐㻌㻠㻜㻜㻟㻜㻜
Upper Building
frameFoundation
Pile

㻞㻜㻜
㻝㻜㻜
㻜

Steel structure

RC structure㻯㼛㼙㼜㼍㼞㼕㼟㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㻻㻞㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌Contact- 15 -The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

- 16 -

15. Seismic retrofitting of quays andndseawalls employing steel materials
ls
Reinforcing existing caissons by installing steel
pipe sheet piles and other steel materials infront or back side of them.
䕔㻌 Remarkable improvement in seismic resistance ofexisting caisson quays and seawalls.
1. Outstanding seismic resistance· Seismic resistance is enhanced, controllingliquefaction damage.
· Installing steel materials in the front face of thecaisson can prevent scouring by tsunami or waves.
2. Efficient reinforcement· The retrofitting can also add the depth of piers
besides the resistance.

ĬFoundation-consolidating
sheet pile methodĬఌ‫׍‬Ǌჵெ߻ඥ

ĭCombined sheet pile method

Standard Condition of
application

orApplicable Sector
DisasterPrevention

Port

Foundation of existing structure
shall be gravity type.

Both reinforcement in advanceand restoration after disaster are
applicableFeaturereOption is available to meet required conditions such as increased depth at pier, utilizing
existing structure, alteration of berth line and limitation of construction period.
Increased
depth

Existing
structure

Alteration ofberth line

Construction
periodĬ Consolidated foundation
sheet pile methodg

UtilizedNoŨĭ Consolidated sheet pilemethodţ

Utilized

Yes(Small)ŨĮ Front-side sheet pilemethodŨUnutilized

Yes(Large)

ţį Front-side pier method

Ũ

Utilized

Yes(Large)ţİ Back-side sheet pilemethod (backfilling removed)g

UtilizedNoţı Anchoring methodg

UtilizedNoţTrack RecordrdOverseasᲴNot yetĮ Front-side sheet pile method

į Front-side pier method

JapanᲴ1᳸2 cases per method(Kobe port etc.)İBack-side sheet pile method (backfiller removed)

Cost
st
To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

ı Anchoring method

Contact

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

Standard Condition of
application

orApplicable sector

16. Lateralal flow control for revetmentnt

Revetment

ȷWater depth᳽᳽᳽᳸Approx.10m
ȷLocation᳽᳽᳽Coast᳼River
ȷType of Existing
foundation᳽᳽᳽Gravity᳼Piled

DisasterPrevention

Method of controlling lateral flow of the ground bymeans of seismic retrofit applying steel material
either at hinterland or in front of revetment.

For other conditions than the above, pleasecontact the company stated below.

Feature Method of seismic retrofit applying steel sheet piles, steel
pipe sheet piles and other steel materials as a measure tocontrol lateral flow of the ground which occurs withliquefaction etc, in an earthquake at revetment

 Rapid construction
Utilizing hinterland space makes easy
construction

 Preservation of existing structure

ᲫᲨ6JGECUGCRRN[KPIUVGGNOCVGTKCNCVJKPVGTNCPF

Both modification of existing structure andlarge alteration of berth line is unnecessary

An example combined withflood tide countermeasures

 Effective in combination ofother purpose
Combination with countermeasures against
flood tide or anti-aging is also possible

Image of retrofitting

ᲬᲨ6JGECUGCRRN[KPIUVGGNOCVGTKCNKPHTQPVQHTGXGVOGPVAn example combined with
anti-aging countermeasures

Track RecordrdOverseasᲴUnknown

Cost
To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

JapanᲴ5᳸10 cases
An example applying
steel sheet piles

An example applying
steel pipe sheet piles
Contact- 17 -The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

- 18 -

17. Liquefaction
n cocontrol
ontrol and earthquake
resistancesistance measures using steel sheet
sheepiles (Embankment Structure)e)Earthquake resistance measuresof embankment structure onliquefying soil foundation
ᴾᴾ Merits
1.Swift and easy seismic resistance reinforcement is possible.
2.Applicability to narrow space.
Steel sheet piling Construction work is applicable to the narrow construction space and thesite houses are nearly built.
No corrective action

Sheet pile control

Steel sheet pile or

Embankment

Embankmentd

Soil liquefaction

Soil liquefaction

Non-liquefying soil layer

Non-liquefying layer

Seismic movement

Applicable Sector
orRiver structure, Railway, Road

Standard applicable condition
Applicable㻌 hight of moundᲴ 3᳸8m
Applicable㻌 depth Ჴ 30m

Featureses
1. Ease of work at narrow construction space䞉 Work with steel sheet piles minimizes the required work width compared with soil
improvement method.
䞉Work is fast and easy even in narrow space.
䞉Work is possible while the facilities such as railway are in operation.
2. Environment-friendliness䞉Without producing industrial waste
䞉Low-vibration and low-noise work cane be applied.
䞉Setting the hole for seepage at steel sheet piles can avoid influence of groundwater cutoff .
3. Reduction of construction cost and period.
䞉Construction cost and period can be reduced by applying steel materials.

Trackk Record
Re rdᴾ

Seismic movement

䞉Embankment structures slip and collapse, sink, crack or change in other ways if thefoundation liquefies.
䞉Steel sheet piles are installed by driving them deep into non-liquefying soil layer at locations
near the foot of the slope of embankment on liquefying soil foundation.
䞉Driving high-quality steel sheet piles at the foot of embankment declining in foundation
rigidity control the deformation of liquefying soil foundation and collapse of embankment
structures.
# Summary from "Liquefaction Prevention and Seismic Resistance Measures Employing SteelMaterials," Japanese Technical Association for Steel Pipe Piles and Sheet Piles㻌

Example of embankment railway

ExampleE
l off press-in
i pileil ddrivingi i

In JapanᲴmany records  rubble mound at railroad ᲴMusashino Line, Tokaido Shinkansen (Nagoya)      rubble mound at river ᲴTone River, Yodo River, Shinano River, Sira River, Midori River etc.

Cost
st
Refer to the under-mentioned contact section about details.
ᴾ

Contact

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

Standard Condition of
application

Applicable sector
or

18. Steelel Slit Damm for controlling debris floww

ErosionControl

Steel Slit Dam can capture rocks securely incase of debris flow, but sediments can go
through under normal conditions.

ὉDebris Velocity …V=5.0m/s
ὉDebris Depth …h=3.0m
ὉDiameter of rocks…D=1.0m

Flood
Control

Applicable to dams to control debris
flow and/or driftwood

Please make inquiry in the case theabove condition doesn’t meet.

Featurere䕔㻌 Slit-type structure built by combining steel pipes,

 Effective capture of debris flowwhich does not disrupt river flow
࣭Due to the shape and strength of steel pipes, the slit-type structure
can capture rocks effectively.

࣭Transmission-enabled structure that creates sediment accumulation space
under normal conditions and effectively capturing sediment and rocks flow
during debris flow࣭Even in the onslaught of debris flow, steel pipes can absorb its
shock and can capture rocks effectively.

 Accurate capture of debris flow

Normalcondition

࣭Even in the onslaught of debris flow, steel pipes hat excel in shock absorption
effectively capture sediment and rocks flow

Water and harmlesssediments flow down undernormal conditions

 Environment conscious structure࣭Structure designed with attention to the ecosystem, without disrupting
river continuity

Track Record
rd

Cost
st

Approx. 100᳸200 projects per
year in Japan.

In case of debris flood

To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

ṺLocationᾉHyogo Pref.ίAoyama RiverὸṺScaleᾉEffective heightί8.0mὸ
ᴾ ᴾ ᴾ ᴾ ᴾ Width of water courseί10.0mὸ
ᴾ ᴾ ᴾ ᴾ ᴾ Diameter of rocksί1.0mὸ

䞉 Slit-type structure is designed considering the ecosystem, which
does not disrupt river flow
Contact- 19 -The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

- 20 -

19. Landslidee didisasterisaster control methododwith cribbing structure (steel cribbing)wit
g)ᴾ
Landslide disaster control method such as arresting
movement of mountain stream soil deposition,bank erosion prevention, stabilization of slope, etc.
 Merits
Ease in assembly and manpower reduction is possible, withversatile adaptation to uneven sediment sinking, etc.㻌 Stable steel
cribbing structure

Applicable Sector
orStandard applicable condition

Erosion control, Flood control, Road

Featureses
䠍. Cribbing is easy to assemble and reduces manpower㻌 1) It has demonstrated excellence in short-term construction, such as indisaster recovery, etc.
㻌 2) On-site work involves earthwork and assembly, filling and backfilling -all work not needing large machinery and work done with small
machines.
2. Outstanding flexibility㻌 1) The structure is flexible and adaptable to uneven sediment sinking tosome extent.
㻌 2) Joints are versatile and is able to adapt to topographical changes,
such as in vertical slope.
3. Excellence in blending into scenery㻌 1) Local sediment and gravel can be used as filler and greenery can beplanted on the surface.

Sediment movement control

Soil retention work (surface greenery planting)

Trackk Record
Re rd
In JapanᲴmany records

Costst
Mountain stream erosion prevention

Effective in landslide disaster control, such as arresting movement of mountainstream soil deposition, bank erosion prevention, spur stabilization, etc.
Structure made of steel cribbing and broken stone used as filler to ensure water
permeability.

Refer to the under-mentioned contact section about details.

Contact

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

20. Falling
Fallinngn
gg-stone
stone
st
e pr
prevention
revention and slopepeprotection work using steel materials
lsorApplicable Sector
ᴾ

MountainRoad

Effective measures not to damage totraffic and residence in the case ofheavy rain or earthquake

No standard condition can be
specified because of variety of
applicable pattern.

Road Disaster
Prevention

FeaturereᴾᲫᲨFalling-stone prevention wall
The prevention wall disperses the force of stones falling down on the slope withuse of cushion material (sand, tire, timber, etc.) to reduce force and capture them.
ᲬᲨFalling-stone protection net
Stripped slope surface and boulders on mountain slopes with danger of fallingdebris are covered with metal net and wire rope to prevent disasters.
Its flexible structure is used to control falling rocks safely down the slope.

䕔 Falling-stone prevention and slope protection method

using buffer material, wire ropes and net to prevent
damages from falling debris
1. Falling-stone prevention wallStandard Condition of
application

2. Falling-stone protection net

ᲭᲨ Pocket-type falling-stone protection net
To form a “pocket” by lifting top part of the metal net by columns which iseffective to catch rocks safety falling from higher altitude than the structure.

3.Pocket-type falling-stone
protection net

ᲮᲨ Wire rope net
The cause of falling rocks on a slope is controlled at its position withwire rope and anchor, to prevent initial movement of rolling and floatingstones and to stabilize slope.

4. Wire rope net

Track Record
OverseasᲴA few projects per year

Cost
s
st

ᴾ

ᴾ
To get information, please ask thecontact shown bellow.

JapanᲴHundreds of projects
per year(ScaleᲴ100᳸3,000᳧2)
By means of excellence of steel in strength and fabrication, both disastermitigation and environmental preservation can be achieved with minimum
effect to natural ground alternation.

Contact- 21 -The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

- 22 -

21. High tide and tsunami wave control
with steel materials

Applicable sector
Seacoast, River structures, Ports, Agricultural structures
Featureses

The reinforcement of the existing high tide water barriers,
revetments and embankments,
as well as levee crown height increase.
 Merits
1.
2.

Work to control tsunami waves in a major earthquake and storm
surge in a typhoon can be executed in a short period of time.
Levee crown height that had decreased with soil foundation
subsidence due to liquefaction, etc., can be restored at an earlystage.

ȷFreestanding type

:RUNFDQEHGRQHLQDUHDVZLWKVSDFHUHVWULFWLRQV ዘ:RUNFDQEHGRQHLQDQDUURZSODFHDQGRFFXSLHGVSDFHFDQEHUHGXFHG
5HGXFWLRQRIWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQSHULRGDQGFRVW ዘ,WLVSRVVLEOHWRVKRUWHQWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQSHULRGE\XVLQJVWHHOPDWHULDO  ዘ&RQVWUXFWLRQFRVWFDQEHUHGXFHGZLWKRXWPDMRUUHQRYDWLRQRIWKHH[LVWLQJUHYHWPHQW,PSURYHPHQWRIIXQFWLRQ ዘ%\PDNLQJXVHRIVWHHOPDWHULDOVYDULRXVHIIHFWVFDQEHDWWDLQHGVXFKDVUHQRYDWLRQRIDJHGVWUXFWXUHVUHFRYHU\DQGLPSURYHPHQWRIIXQFWLRQRI
SUHYHQWLRQDQGFRQVHUYDWLRQDERXWGLVDVWHUDQGODQGVFDSHHWF

ȷModerate slope type

Track Recordrd

New crown height

Existing crown height

Foundation rubble
Foot protection
rubbleRubble mound

Sand

Stone

Liquefying layer
Steel pipe sheet pile

Replaced sandSteel sheet pile

Non-liquefying layer

ȷShelf type

ዘ'RXEOHVWHHOVKHHWSLOHW\SH

Steel sheet pile
Slope before
the destruction

Source: Hiroshima Port and Airport Development Office, Chugoku Regional Development Bureau

In JapanᲴmany records (Tokyo metropolitan inside river revetment , Kochi prefecture
seacoast, Aichi prefecture reventment et al.ᲣCost
st
The liquefaction layer# Summary from "Storm Surge Control Method Employing
Steel Materials," Japanese Technical Association for SteelPipe Piles and Sheet Piles㻌

Refer to the under-mentioned contact section about details

Contact

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

22. Floating
ating disasterer management
m
manag
nag
g
base(Mega
a-float)t)

Applicable sector
orPortsᲦUrban cities

Featureses

Floating structure that can be used a rescue

1.Mobility
ȷSwift mobilization to disaster site is possible using tug boats
2Outstanding seismic resistanceȷMinimal earthquake impact due to the characteristics offloating objects
3.Use of internal spaceȷTemporary storage of emergency goods is possible
utilizing internal space of floating structure

operation base in a large-scale disaster Merits
ȷ Floating structure that can be versatile in use, operating
a floating pier, etc., under normal conditions and a rescue
operation base in an emergency, after being tugged to adisaster area.
ȷSuch structures can be assigned to various parts of thecountry for versatile action in a large-scale disaster, etc.,
demonstrating greater performance through consolidationand integrated use.

Track RecordrdNormal use: (Examples: Marine park & parking area)
Normal use: Interior
Event
space
Pleasure boat
mooring

Parking area
entrance/exit

Fishing space

Parking space

Floating disaster management base
(Courtesy: Ports and Harbours
Bureau, Kanto Regional Development
Bureau, Ministry of Land
Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism)

Move to disaster area

Acceptance ofrelief goods fromsea vessels

Emergency heliport(helicopter transport)

Disaster management use: Interior

JapanᲴTokyo bayᲦOsaka bayᲦIse bayᲦ
Muroran port after The Great East Japan Earthquake
Relief goods
acceptance,
sorting &shipping

Cost
stDisaster management use
Provide living & relief
facilities, including lavatories,
bathrooms, etc.

Moving pierMobile disastermanagement & relief base
Facility image

Refer to the under-mentioned contact section about details

Use of floating disaster management base
(Courtesy: Study Group on Mobile Disaster Support Bases)

Contact- 23 -The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

- 24 -

23. Port
rt renovation
enovation method
od employingesteel materialslsConstruction method employing steel pipe piles and steel pipe sheet piles
for “increasing size of vessels (increase in port depth)““improvement in seismic resistance,“ and “renovation of aged structures,“for quays, revetments and other existing port structures.

 Merits
Because this method is a reinforcement by using the strength of the existing
structure, construction cost and period can be reduced compared with the
newly constructing structure.
ȷ If existing landing place is a pierFloor slab removal &new installation

BracesFoundation
raisedSteel sheet pile
Steel pipe sheet pile

Increased
depth

Applicable sector
orPortsȷRiver structures

Standard Condition of application
Depth of the wateraround -16m

Featureses
1. Reduction of construction period and cost1ȷReduction of construction cost by making use of existing structures.
ȷReduction of construction period by using steel material.
2. Space-saving type of execution method
ȷWork is fast and easy even in small areas.
3. Applicable to all the existing structures
ȷApplicable to various types of the existing structure (pier type, sheet pile type andgravity type).
4. Upgrade
ȷNot only improvement in seismic resistance but also increasing in port depth can beattained.

Track RecordrdIncreaseddepth䞉 If the existing landing place is sheet pile quay
Quay

Steel pipe pile &H-Section pile

Foundation
raisedIncreased
depth
oil retention with rubble, using steel pipe sheet pile at the bottom䞉 If the existing landing place is gravity type quay

The third berth of Tokyo Ooi container wharf
Steel pipe pile

Foundation
raisedSteel sheet pile

Japan䠖many records Pier : Tokyo port, Osaka port, Hakata port , Tomakomai port, etc
Sheet pile quay : Tokyo port, Kawasaki port, Yokohama port, Kochi port, etc
Gravity type quay : Tokyo port, Kobe port, Yokohama port, Muroran port, etc           Increased
depth

Cost
st

ŠBecause this method is renewal construction that makes the best use of the merit of thesteel material, all the effects are demonstrated.
"larger sea vessels (increase in port depth)" "renovation of aged structures," "greater seismic
resistance," Stability improvement of the structure# Summary from "Port Renovation Method Employing Steel Materials,"
Japanese Technical Association for Steel Pipe Piles and Sheet Piles

Refer to the under-mentioned contact section about details

Contact

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

24. Method of reinforcing existing bridgefoundation with steel pipe sheet
shee piles andsteel pipe pilesesApplicable sectororRoad᧨Railway
Road
Railway

Featureses

Reinforcement method corresponding to the shortage
strength of the foundation of the existing bridge.

1 Reinforcement can be done easily
1.
· Reinforcement can be done easily and securely by applying steel pipe sheet pilefoundation or additional piles to caisson and other existing foundations.
2. It is possible to do construction work in small area.
· Construction work can be done where over-head space is limited.
· Occupied space can be reduced because of reinforcement by using steel pipe piles.
3. Cost & period reduction by using steel pipe sheet pile foundation as temporary
coffering· Steel pipe sheet pile foundation can be done with less cost and shorter period whenused also as temporary coffering.
4. Improved lateral resistance· Improved lateral resistance can be achieved in view of the distinctive characteristics
of steel pipe piles.

 Merits
Foundation resistance can be strengthened with steel
pipe sheet piles foundation or additional steel pipe piles
driving, in order to address bridge scouring control,
structure aging renovation, seismic reinforcement andinadequate strength of the foundation caused byexpansion of superstructure, etc.
Example of caisson foundation

Track Recordrd㻔㻌㼡㼚㼕㼠㻌㻦㻌㼙㼙㻌㻕㻌

Example of steel pipe piles foundation
Front surface diagram

Source: "2nd Steel Pipe Pile Foundation Survey
Report on the Southern Hyogo Prefecture
Earthquake,"
Japan Association for Steel Pipe Piles, March 1996

Existing piles / Added
pile

Japan䠖many record㻌 Caisson foundation ᲴMeishin highwayᲦOuji bridgeᲦAkashoȷHigashihutami bridge etc   Steel pipe piles foundationᲴKoza bridge , Kamome bridge etc
Steel pipe pile
Existing segment

Cost
st

Extended segment

Plain diagram

Refer to the under-mentioned contact section about details
Existing piles

Added pile

# Summary from 䇾Use Steel Pipe Piles and Sheets For Reinforcement of Existing Bridge Foundation,䇿
Japanese Technical Association for Steel Pipe Piles and Sheet Piles

Contact- 25 -The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

- 26 -

25. WatWater
err shshieldhield revetmen
revetment
ntt
using
sing
g st
steel
teel sheet piles anddsteel pipe sheet pilesesApplicable sector
orrᴾ
PortsᲢWaste disposal site)
Urban citiesᲢSoil pollution areaᲦPondᲣ

Featureses

Construction method that gives outstanding water shield andseismic resistance to revetment in sea-surface waste disposal sites.

 Merits
Water shield revetment with high reliability and extensive recordOutstanding water shield and seismic resistance under
the ordinance on standards in Japan
Easy work executing employing hydraulic hammers or vibro-hammers

1.

Water shield with high reliability
Because water shield performance of sheet piles and pipe sheet piles isconfirmed by the test in the actual sea, the wall with high water shield anddurability can be constructed.
2. Outstanding economical benefit Appropriate choice of steel sheet pile type, steel pipe sheet diameter andthickness realizes resilient and outstanding seismic resistance and economical
water shield structure.
Easy work Construction work can be done employing the same driving machine (hydraulichammer, vibro-hammer and press-in)as that of ordinary steel sheet pile.
Impervious material

Tie rod

Rubble moundTrack Recordrdsteel pipe sheet pile wall

Protective sheet

Steel (pipe) sheet pile wallt lineetmen
RevArmor stone

Backfill

Armor concrete(Type 4t)

Erosion control sheet
Fill sand 䐢

Rubblestone

Fill sand 䐡
Sand mat

Fill sand䐠Fill sand 䐟

Soil improvement
Soil improvement

Water shield sheet pile (SP-䊤L type) L=31.00m

Sandy layer
Impervious soil layer

Impervious layer

ᲶWater stoppage at joint Ჸ䞉Swellable water shield material is applied on the joint of the steel sheet pilein advance for swelling at completionand contact with water.
䞉Steel pipe sheet pile is driven after attaching chloroprene rubber on the
T joint. After removing soil within the joint, the inside of the joint is filled with mortar.

Tokushima prefecture Awazu Port sea surface disposal site
(Steel pipe sheet pile)

In JapanᲴKobe offing disposal ground, Awazu, Tokushima
Port disposal ground Hibikinada Port, Mizushima Port and others

Cost
st

Kobe offshore disposal site (Steel sheet pile)

Refer to the under-mentioned contact section about details
᧸6WHHOVKHHWSLOH᧺

᧸6WHHOSLSHVKHHWSLOH᧺# Summary from 䇾Steel Sheet Pile & Steel Pipe Water Shield Walls," Japanese Technical Association for
Steel Pipe Piles and Sheet Piles

Contact

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

26. Steelss fo
foror Bridge Hig
High
hperformance Structure (SBHS)SS)Applicable sector
or

SBHS is applicable for short,
middle and long span bridges.
those are expected to realize
steel weight reduction andimprovement of
manufacturing efficiency.

Short, Middle and Long span
Bridges High-performance steel for bridges (SBHS:Steels for
Bridge High performance Structure) reflects Japan's
advances in steelmaking technology

Tokyo Gate Bridge

SBHS has achieved
dramatic improvement
in strength andweldability and othermanufacturing processcompared withconventional steel. The
effect of reduced steel
weight with optimal
steel bridge design canbe expected.

FeaturereȷFiner crystallization of microstructures realized with the use ofstate-of-the-art thermo-mechanical control process(TMCP)
technology
ȷSignificant advancement in steel materials for bridges compared toconventional steel products in terms of microstructure
ȷNew material that realizes weldability, strength and fracture
toughness with advanced controlled rolling and cooling techniques[Conventional steel]1994 Trans-Tokyo
Bay Highway

Track RecordrdOverseasᾉNot
OᾉN t yettContribution to steel structuredevelopment through use ofhighly economical andinternationally competitive steel
materials for production anddesign of bridges[SBHS steel]2012 Tokyo Gate
BridgeSBHS500 Applied

JapanᾉApprox. 20,000 tons
including The Tokyo Gate Bridge

Contact- 27 -

Cost
st
Total works cost reduction of
12%, including 3% work
efficiency in steel material
weight (total steel weight),
according to MLIT.

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

- 28 Area division for applicationon

27. Weatheringg Steel for Bridges
esᴾ
Reduce Life Cycle Cost ᴾ

ȷDepending on amount of airborne salt
from sea, area division is specified.
Japan Sea ϨȷAlong the Pacific Ocean, bridge site
䠄20km䠅
is more distant over 2km, weathering
steel is applicable without painting.
Japan Sea ϩ䠄5km䠅ȷDistance in each area division
Okinawaindicates 0.05mdd airborne salt.
䠄NG䠅

FeaturereDiagram of rust layer after long term exposure
Weathering Steel

Conventional Steel
Crack

Protective Rust Layer
Base Steel

Base SteelApplication record
rdRatio of weathering steel(%)

Ratio of weathering steel(%)

Amount of construction(t)Amount of construction(t)Years after construction

Cost
st

Amount of weathering steel applied to steel bridges(t)Years after construction(mm)ȷDifferent from ordinary steel, protective rust is formed on the surface of
weathering steel by adding Cu, Ni and Cr.
ȷOnce protective rust is uniform and minute, its thickness increases very
slowly in decades.ĺ application without painting is possible.

Cost for corrosion protection

ȷProtective rust whose growing speed is pretty low is formed on thesurface of bridge girders, Therefore serviceability for many years
without painting is possible by using weathering steel.
ȷJIS SMA and High Nickel type weathering steels are prepared. JIS
SMA400W, 490W, 570W are possible to use under 0.05mdd airborne
salt, and High Nickel typeresisting to higher airborne salt.
Weathering Steel䠄䠄w/o paint䠅ȷHigh Strength Steel for 500 MPa
Weathering Steel䠄Surface Treatment䠅
yield strength SBHS500W, for
Painting 䠄C5䠅
700MPa YS SBHS700W are
prepared.
ȷHigh Nickel Type weathering
steels are prepared by eachsteel making company.

䠄2km䠅

Setouchi Sea 䠄1km䠅

Thickness reduction of one side(mm) Life Cycle Cost Reduction

Pacific Ocean

Initial construction cost (Ratio)
Weathering Steel 1.00
C-Paint System 1.19
Cost ratio for corrosion protection toinitial construction cost of weathering
steel without painting
Weathering Steel 0.008
C-Paint System
0.87

Fiscal year

More than 1 million tons (Accumulated)
Contact

Japan Iron and Steel Federation &Japan Bridge Association in 2003

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
Market Development Group

MAIL:sunpou@jisf.or.jp
TEL:+81-3-3669-4815ᴾ ᴾ FAX:+81-3-3667-0245

Steel Construction Technologies in Japan
September 2018
Published by
The Japan Iron and Steel Federation
3-2-10 Nihonbashi Kayabacho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0025 Japan
Phone: +81-3-3669-4815 FAX: +81-3-3667-0245
MAIL: sunpou@jisf.or.jp
URL: http://www.jisf.or.jp/en/index.html
Copyright © 2018 The Japan Iron and Steel Federation㻚㻌  The Japan Iron and Steel Federation