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Water Quality Managementin Citarum River Basin
3rd WEPA-NARBO Joint Workshop
September 21st, 2011
Manila, The Philippines

Prepared by:Presented by:Herman Idrus

Herry Rachmadyanto

NETWORK OF ASIAN RIVER BASIN ORGANIZATIONS

ISO 9001
Certified

JASA TIRTA II PUBLIC CORPORATION – CITARUM RIVER BASIN ORGANIZATION
JATILUHUR – PURWAKARTA ‐ INDONESIA

Outline:1.Introduction: Citarum as a national strategicriver
e basbasin
2.The basin condition today
3.Water quality management in Citarum RiverBasin1

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Citarum as
1 Introduction:a National Strategic River Basin• Basin area is 11,500 km2• Three reservoirs in series (Saguling,Cirata, and Jatiluhur) with distinct dry
andwetseasons,averageprecipitation: 2,300 mm/year and runoff
225 m3/s• Serving multiple uses of water such as
DMI demand: 25-30 m3/s (Jakarta raw
water supply: 16.1 m3/s), irrigation
peak demand 250 m3/s, hydropower
1400 MW• Contiguous coastal plain irrigation area
in one system (240,000 ha)

3

2 The basin condition today29/21/2011

Highlypopulated areawith 10 million
inhabitants(50% urban)

Industrialized area, highly pollutant producers inupper basin

Deforestation and improper agriculture management leads toerosion and sedimentation3

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Untreated domestic sewage, solid waste disposal, and industrial effluent
reduced capacity of the river and its water quality

Overpopulated floating-net fisheries at reservoirs

Floating-net Fisheries• Booming in 1990s– In 2002: 2,159 units– In 2007: 19, 845 units (30% of water surface area)• Fishes: gold fish, tilapia nilotica, catfish• Fish kills phenomena occurs almost every
year sincei1996

Blooming algae• Every year
• It spreads wider & thicker• Longer periods and more often

Corrosion in power house4

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Lack of coordination and integrated action plan,
limited budget and weak law enforcement

quality management
3 Waterin Citarum River Basin
Progress of IWRM
•Ideal Goals (Added Value)

Mature Stage•Framework for stakeholders’participation

DevelopingStage•Effective WQ monitoring,development of data base•Technology dev.& CD•Set up stake holder meeting

Developing
Stage•Environmental conservation•WQ monitoring & network•Data sharing

From ‘Scratch’Stage•Water use•Flood control•Hydropower59/21/2011

Strengthening of WQ monitoring,
CD & stakeholder meeting (2007)

Recognize
the new problems
Dam WQ monitoring(2000-2006)

DSS(2009)

PJT-II renewed(2010)
WQ monitoring(1980)
MP for Citarum R.
(1956)

Recognize
the new problems
MP in Java & Madura(1948)

PJT-II established(1999)

Identify problems(1948)

POJ WQlaboratory (1983)
WQ report tostakeholder (1983)
WQ monitoring network& CD (1987-1991)
PROKASIH project(1989)
Collect data
location (1998)
Jatiluhur Multipurpose
Project (1967)
PNJ Established(1967)POJ Established(1970)“WQM in IWRM Spiral” in Citarum RiverIn summary ...
IWRM in CRB

 still in developing stage
 passing through 3 full circles of spiralFi stage
First it requires a holistic and integrated masterplan in a basin level necessity of organization to optimally operate and maintain the infrastructures

Second stage
 necessity of WQ monitoring and systematic network data sharing among stakeholder
 capacity buildingThird stage
 it requires to have effective WQ monitoring, development of data base and simulationmodel technology development and capacity building set up stakeholder meeting to exchange opinions

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Ongoing/Planned Initiatives on WQ• Extending of WQ
monitoring (routinemonitoring and ad hoc)
Routine WQ monitoring in 78
locations consists of:• 25 points in Citarum River• 38 points in other rivers• 15 points in canals• Monitoring liquid industrial
effluent target 123
effluent,
monthly samples• Reporting and coordination
with other agencies
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Water quality monitoring by PJT-II
450

Average BOD5 of Citarum River in 1992-2008
400350

1992
1997
2002
2007

BOD5 (mg/l)

300

1993
1998
20032008

19941999
2004

1995
2000
2005

1996
2001
2006

250

200

150

10050012345678910 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

Monitoring stations

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Water Quality Management:
Keys for Success• Human resources capacity is important to have aproper operational works and also to have vision on
managing water quality management system as awhole• Good and comprehensive, as well as customized
database and information system is a supporting toolfor a good decision making• Collaboration and mutual coordination with otheragencies is a must to have an integrated plan,
plan
promoting a sectoral planning into integrated planning,from planning into action, from monitoring into law
enforcement
15To Achieved it ...
• Capacity building of PJT‐II‘ employees through:– Training on pollution control: in reservoir and in streams,
reservoir and stream modelling, water sampling and analysis,
data publication, etc– Twinning program on best management practice on water
quality management• Developing a customized decision support tools on water
quality management for Citarum River Basin and its
interconnected rivers (jurisdiction area of Jasa Tirta II PublicCorporation)– Data catalogue system– Data custodian and sharing– Cost sharing for operation and maintenance168

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The next plan (Roadmap for ICWRMIP, 2010):
••
••••
••••
•
••
•

Water quality improvement strategy and action plan
Land and biodiversity conservation
Community involvement in Citarum River Basin Management
Reforest program
p g
Rural land development (together with PERHUTANI)
Alternative livelihood for people live in mountainous forests
Conservation management
Alternative financial mechanisms for community involvement insustainable river basin managementFloodplain management to reduce sediment transport
Water quality monitoring in Bandung area
Waste water management in upper Saguling
Water quality control in Bekasi and Karawang
Solid waste management in Bandung, Bekasi, dan Cikarang
Water quality improvement of Saguling, Cirata, and Jatiluhur
through proper management of fishery and other activities

Closing remarks:
That is our river withcomplex problems andshould be managed bymultisectoral
thank you9