数理物質系	

• Experiments	  • Recent	  results	  • Future	  plans	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

筑波大学 数理物質系 数理物質融合科学センター	  宇宙史国際研究拠点 クォーク・核物質部門	  江角 晋一	  (筑波大学 数理物質系 物理学域)	  Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

1	

evoluPon	  of	  universe	  from	  big	  bang	

Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP)
early universe
neutron stars
phase transition (hadron : quark)
de-confinement
critical point search

Neutron	  MaFer	

Strangeness	  MaFer	

QGP	
1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark	  MaFer	

hadrons	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

2	

~10GeV/nucleon	

~100GeV/nucleon	

Nucleus-­‐Nucleus	  collision	  simulaPon	  nucleon-­‐hadron	  cascade	  in	  uRQMD	  	nucleus	  A	high	  temperature-­‐density	  quark-­‐nuclear	  maFer	
Quark-­‐Gluon-­‐Plasma	  (QGP)	  nucleus	  B	1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

3	European	  OrganizaPon	  for	  Nuclear	  Study	(CERN)	  at	  Large	  Hadron	  Collider	  (LHC)	  and	  ALICE	  experiment	  in	  Geneva,	  Switzerland	

Brookhaven	  NaPonal	  Laboratory	  (BNL)	  at	  RelaPvisPc	  Heavy-­‐Ion	  Collider	  (RHIC)	  and	  PHENIX	  experiment	  in	  New	  York,	  USA	~	  a	  few	  km	  ~	  200	  GeV/nn	

SPS	~	  a	  few	  10	  km	  ~	  5.5	  TeV/nn	
LHC	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

4	

CMS

STAR

Experimental	  data	  with	  heavy-­‐ion	  collision	  (several	  k	  ~	  a	  few	  10k	  parPcles	  	  per	  AA	  collision)	

PHENIX

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

5	

ALICE experimentat CERN-LHC	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

6	

PHENIX experimentat BNL-RHIC	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

7	Time	  of	  Flight	  and	  Aerogel	  Cherenkov	  detector	  for	  parPcle	  idenPﬁcaPon	  (PHENIX)	  e+π+

PHENIX Preliminary

charge	  /	  momentum	

K+ Protonp
K-π-Time	  of	  Flight	

Time	  of	  Flight	

e-Cherenkov	  Photon	  #	1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

8	ReacPon	  Plane	  Detector	
(PHENIX)	

Di-­‐jet	  EM	  calorimeter	  	jet	  (ALICE)	
scinPllator	
p	  p	  opPcal	  ﬁber	

PMT	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

9	TRD	  detector	  control	  system	  	  for	  ALICE	  experiment	Forward	  calorimeter	  upgrade	  	  for	  ALICE	  experiment	

MRPC	  (and	  MPPC,	  …)	  TOF	  R&D	  	  for	  future	  experiments	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

10	Energy	  loss	  of	  quark	  inside	  QGP	  jet

Jet2	
pp

Au

Au

Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 072304 (2003)

CMS	  experiment	Jet1	
1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

11	

symmetric di-jet(peripheral A+Aand p+p)	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

12	

asymmetric di-jet(central A+A )	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

13	Jets	  in	  ALICE,	  Oliver-­‐san’s	  talk	ModiﬁcaPon	  of	  fragmentaPon	  	  funcPon	  within	  a	  jet	  ・redistribution to low pT・redistribution to wide angle	

CMS QM2014	

High pT	

Low pT	

Phys.	  Rev.	  C	  90	  (2014)	  02490	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

14	High	  pT	  direct	  photon	  as	  penetraPng	  probe	γ	pT	  >	  5	  GeV/c	 hadron	

γdir	

RAA	

< 1	∼ 1	

v2	

> 0	

∼ 0	π0	  PRL 109 (2012) 152302

RAA	  
	  	  	  	  	  (surface)	

PRL 109 (2012) 122302

v2	

N (A+A)	  RAA	  =	  	 	  Ncoll	  N(p+p)	  π0	γinc	

γdir	relaPve	  yield	  with	  respect	  to	  a	  simple	  independent	  superposiPon	  of	  pp	  data	  2.76TeV	  Pb+Pb	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

15	

Energy	  loss	  at	  high	  pT	  and	  re-­‐distribuPon	  	  of	  the	  lost-­‐energy	  at	  low	  pT	  at	  RHIC	

γ	h	prompt	  photon	  -­‐	  hadron	  correlaDon	  	  NPTY	  =	  associate	  hadron	  yield	  per	  trigger	  γ	  IAA	  =	  NPTY(AA)	  /	  NPTY(pp)	
PRL	  111	  (2013)	  032301	

Suppression	in	  high	  pT	  	  Enhancement	  in	  Low	  pT	  	  Low	  pT	High	  pT	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

16	Number	  of	  quark	  scaling	  in	  ellipPc	  ﬂow	  -­‐-­‐-­‐	  quark	  coalescence	  feature	  -­‐-­‐-­‐	  z

yIndicaPon	  of	  quark	  ﬂow	  (in	  partonic	  phase)	
PRL99	  (2007)	  052301	

x

Hadronic	  phase	Partonic	  phase	  (QGP)	  	1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

17	

“state-­‐of-­‐art”	  	  measurements	  of	  	  EllipPc	  ﬂow	  with	  PID	  at	  RHIC	  and	  LHC	  arXiv:1405.4632	

• High	  staPsPcs	  measurements	  allow	  	  a	  precise	  comparison	  of	  v2(p)	  and	  v2(φ).	  
• Some	  small	  deviaPon	  from	  hydro-­‐like	  	  mass	  dependence	  of	  v2	  at	  low	  pT	  qqqqq	200GeV Au+Au	

baryon	meson	
2.76TeV Pb+Pb	

ss
sss	

pT (GeV/c)	
baryon	meson	
Number	  of	  quark	  scaling	  	  as	  a	  signal	  of	  partonic	  phase	STAR,	  QM14	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

18	EllipPc	  and	  triangular	  expansion	  	  and	  freeze-­‐out	  geometry	  n=2	

n=3	

vn	

EllipPc	  and	  Triangular	  expansion	  :	  v2,	  v3	EllipPc	  and	  Triangular	  shape	  :	  RHBTΦ2,	  RHBTΦ3	n=2	
n=3	
n=2	

arXiv:1412.1038	  n=3	pT	  [GeV/c]	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

PRL112	  (2014)	  222301	  	Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

19	

A+A	  collision	  :	  a	  large	  system	

p+p	  collision	  :	  a	  small	  system	

LHC-ALICE

LHC-CMShigh	  temperature	  and	  density	  system	  <-­‐-­‐-­‐>	  small	  and	  high	  mulPplicity	  system	
Probability	  distribuDon	  	  of	  event	  with	  “n”	  parDcles	  producDon	

esDmated	  iniDal	  energy	  	  density	  distribuDon	  	  in	  central	  A+A	  collision	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

n	  :	  parDcle	  mulDplicity	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

20	minimum	  bias	  p+p	  events	

high	  mulPplicity	  p+p	  events	

π	
LHC-CMS

0	Jet2	

•
••

Jet1	
beam	  axis	
1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	inter-­‐correlaPon	  between	  di-­‐jets	  correlated	  mulP-­‐parton	  interacPons	  collecPve	  behavior	  in	  small	  and	  	  dense	  system	

ridge	  structure	
Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

21	p+A	  collisions	

A+A	  collisions	

LHC-CMS

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

22	EllipPc	  ﬂow	  	  in	  small	  system?	  	  peripheral	  subtracPon		  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  d+Au	  	  	  	  	  	  Glauber	  model	  	  3He+Au	

peripheral	  subt.	

arXiv:1404.7461	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  pT	  (GeV/c)	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  pT	  (GeV/c)	  	backward	  -­‐	  central	

central	  -­‐	  forward	

new	  3He+Au	  collision	  	  data	  from	  RHIC-­‐RUN14	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

23	CriPcal	  Point	  Search	
Beam	  Energy	  Scan	  Program	  at	  RHIC	  beam	  energy	  regime	  STAR	  experiment	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  at	  RHIC-­‐BNL 	••

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Divergence	  of	  ﬂuctuaPon	  around	  CriPcal	  Point	  end	  point	  of	  1st	  order	  phase	  transiPon	  Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

24	

Beam	  direcDon	  Beam	  energy	  dependence	  of	  2-­‐parPcle	  	  interferometry	  measurement	  (HBT	  eﬀect)	  	  arXiv:1410.2559	  Rlong	pT	  direcDon	  Rout	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

∼vexpansion	

∼Δτ	Rside	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

25	

FluctuaPon	  of	  conserved	  quanPty	  vs	  beam	  energy	  	  	  • Higher	  order	  moments	  (σ,	  S,	  κ)	  	  of	  net-­‐baryon	  (net-­‐proton)	  and	  net-­‐charge	  distribuPon	  • Non-­‐monotonic	  behavior	  is	  expected	  around	  CriPcal	  Point.	  

PRL	  112	  (2014)	  032302	

10 ∼ 50 GeV	PRL	  113	  (2014)	  092301	

STAR,	  QM14	
1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

26	History	  of	  temperature	  before/axer	  the	  phase	  transiPon	  	IniDal	  temperature	  :	  	  	  	  	  Direct	  thermal	  photon	  measurement	

iniDal	  temperature	

criDcal	  point	  	Chemical	  Freeze-­‐out	  temperature	  :	  	  	  	  	  ParPcle	  species,	  raPos	  are	  ﬁxed	  	  	  	  at	  the	  end	  of	  inelasPc	  interacPons	  	Thermal	  Freeze-­‐out	  temperature	  :	  	  	  	  	  ParPcle	  spectra	  are	  ﬁxed	  	  	  	  at	  the	  end	  of	  elasPc	  interacPons	  	CriDcal	  Point	  :	  	  	  	  	  end	  of	  1st	  order	  phase	  transiPon	  	  	  	  non-­‐monotonic	  behavior	  	  	  	  expected	  ﬂuctuaPon	  to	  diverge	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

27	lower	  energy	higher	  energy	

From	  high-­‐temperature	  to	  high-­‐density	  with	  Beam	  Energy	  Scan	  (BES)	  program	BES2	  program	  Au+Au	  5-­‐20	  GeV	  	  2018	  -­‐	  2019	

FAIR	  /	  J-­‐PARC	  CriPcal	  Point	  1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

28	

sPHENIX at RHIC-BNL(New York, USA)	

compact calorimeterjet / high pT probes	

ALICE at LHC-CERN for Luminosity upgrade(Geneva, Switzerland)	
Di-jet calorimeter
High-speed read-out
Forward/Central upgrade

FAIR at GSI(Darmstadt, Germany)	

J-PARC at JAEA/KEK
for heavy-ion collisions(Tokai, Japan)	
1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

29	Diﬀerence	  of	  energy	  loss	  (AJ)	  	  between	  RHIC	  and	  LHC	  ••effect seen with smaller jet
cone R∼0.2 at RHIC
mostly recovered jet energy
within larger jet cone R∼0.4

AJ	  =	  	Jet1
(pT,1)	

R∼0.2	  R∼0.4	  PT,1	  -	  PT,2	  PT,1	  +	  PT,2	  	  	  Jet2
(pT,2)	

The difference
is mostly gone.	

STAR,	  QM14	
1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

30	Systematic test of energy loss and redistribution
with photons, jets and hadrons
These two effects (energy lossand redistribution) can not beclearly separated experimentally!	

Closer and closer tothe initial parton energy
Gamma
Jet (large R)

Jet reconstruction is torecover the lost energy to get
the original parton energy.

Jet (+hadron)Jet as a control tool to define
path length

Jet (small R)
π0 (hadron)
QGP	inside	

1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	surface	  more and more surface bias
given by energy loss

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

31	

Further	  tests	  of	  hard-­‐sox	  interplay	  using	  correlaPon	  between	  jet	  modiﬁcaPon	  and	  geometry/expansion	  of	  QGP	  Φ2 dep. analysis	Φ3 dep. analysis	

methods	  • MulP-­‐parPcle	  correlaPon	  • Jet-­‐hadron	  /	  γ-­‐hadron	  correlaPon	  • Jet	  fragmentaPon	  funcPon	  • Di-­‐jet	  distribuPon	  1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba	ηJet dep. analysis	

Yet another axis as a control parameterto define path length, geometry and expansion. 	

Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

32	

Research	  RelaPon	  with	  other	  groups	  within	  and	  outside	  of	  Japan	
Oliver	  Busch	Busch		  ••••
•1st	  CiRfSE	  workshop,	  13/Mar/2015,	  Univ.	  of	  Tsukuba		  Summary	  	  LHC	  -­‐-­‐-­‐	  RHIC	  -­‐-­‐-­‐	  FAIR/JPARC	  Partonic	  energy	  loss	  CollecPve	  behavior	  Hard-­‐sox	  interplay	  FluctuaPon	  and	  criPcal	  point	  Quark-­‐Nuclear	  MaFer	  Division,	  ShinIchi	  Esumi	

33