はじめに本市は、古くから地域の交通の要衝として発展してきたことから、国指定重要文化財「旧茨城県立土浦中学校本館」や国指定史跡「上高津貝塚」をはじめ、県指定文化財「土浦城跡及び櫓門」、国宝や国指定重要文化財も含まれる土浦藩土屋家の旧蔵資料、地域の祭りなど、多様な文化資産が今もなお残っています。
しかしながら、近年は少子高齢化や生活様式の多様化などの社会環境の変化により、それらの文化資産の維持や継承が困難になっており、特に近年のコロナ禍では、イ
ベントの開催が制限され、地域の行事も中止を余儀なくされました。
本市では、こうした現状を踏まえ、地域の人々の活動、そして、その活動が行われる歴史的建造物が一体となって形成してきた良好な市街地環境である「歴史的風致」の維持及び向上を図るため、「土浦市歴史的風致維持向上計画」を策定いたしました。
今後は、本計画に位置付けた施策を総合的に展開し、本市に残る素晴らしい文化資
産を後世に継承するとともに、歴史的建造物のさらなる保全・活用など、歴史や文化を生かしたまちづくりを推進してまいります。
結びに、本計画の策定に際しまして、歴史的風致に係る取材にご協力いただき、貴重なご意見・ご提言をいただきました市民の皆様をはじめ、土浦市歴史的風致維持向上計画推進協議会の委員の皆様や関係者の皆様に、心からお礼を申し上げます。

令和５年12月

土浦市長

安藤 真理子

土浦市歴史的風致維持向上計画

序 章

目次

計画の基本事項

１

計画策定の背景と目的

２

計画期間

·········································································································· 1３計画の策定体制·········································································································· 2４計画策定の経緯·········································································································· 4

第１章
１

歴史的風致形成の背景

本市の自然的環境（１）位置·········································································································· 5·········································································································· 5（２）地形・地質・水系（３）気象２··························································································· 9

本市の社会的環境（１）市の沿革·········································································································· 9（２）土地利用·········································································································· 11（３）人口動態·········································································································· 14··························································································· 16（５）産業·········································································································· 17（６）観光·········································································································· 22··························································································· 25

本市の歴史的環境（１）歴史４··························································································· 6·········································································································· 8（４）交通ネットワーク

３··························································································· 1·········································································································· 25（２）関わりのある人物··························································································· 34

文化財等の分布状況··························································································· 38（１）国指定の文化財（一部） ··························································································· 40（２）県指定の文化財（一部） ··························································································· 42（３）市指定の文化財（一部） ··························································································· 45（４）記録作成等の措置を講ずべき無形の民俗文化財（国の記録選択）··············· 50（５）国の登録文化財（一部） ··························································································· 50（６）未指定文化財（一部）··························································································· 51（７）特産品・銘菓··························································································· 52

第２章
１

維持向上すべき歴史的風致

土浦市の維持向上すべき歴史的風致············································································ 54（１）歴史的風致の概念··························································································· 54（２）本市の歴史的風致··························································································· 54

か ほ てん けい

テーマ１-１ 【霞 浦 天 恵 】霞ケ浦の恵み 魚食文化にみる歴史的風致··············· 58

れん げ み しょう

テーマ１-２ 【蓮 華 微 笑 】日本一のレンコン栽培にみる歴史的風致
く

ば

さ じん

··············· 72

やま の しょう

テーマ２-１ 【駆 馬 砂 塵 】中世から続く山ノ 荘 地域の祭礼行事にみる歴史的風致

80

ま なべきょうどう

テーマ２-２ 【真 鍋 響 動 】鹿島神社祭礼にみる歴史的風致··············· 89

きょう ど ふ いく

テーマ２-３ 【 郷 土覆 育 】郷土の行事・祈願等にみる歴史的風致··············· 103

じょう か い ふう

テーマ３-１ 【 城 下威 風 】城下町の祭礼等にみる歴史的風致··············· 128

し こう いっ てきテーマ３-２ 【紫 香 一 滴 】醤油づくりにみる歴史的風致··············· ··············· 151

い く ぶん えん か ん

テーマ４-１ 【郁 文 円 環 】学びと教えの楽しみにみる歴史的風致··············· 160

すいきょうゆうらん

テーマ５-１ 【水 郷 遊 覧 】水辺がおりなす行楽にみる歴史的風致··············· 175

えん か つい お く

テーマ５-２ 【煙 火 追 憶 】海軍航空隊時代の記憶にみる歴史的風致

第３章
１··············· 182

歴史的風致の維持及び向上に関する方針

歴史的風致の維持及び向上に関する課題··············· ··············· ··············· 191（１）歴史的風致を形成する建造物の保存・活用に関する課題··············· ··············· 191（２）歴史や伝統文化を反映した活動の継承に関する課題··············· ··············· 192（３）歴史的街並みや自然・農業景観の保全・形成に関する課題··············· ··············· 192（４）歴史的風致を活用した交流人口の拡大に関する課題··············· ··············· 193（５）歴史的風致を形成する建造物等の周遊環境の形成に関する課題（６）未指定文化財の保存・活用に関する課題２··············· ··············· ··············· 194··············· ··············· 195

歴史的風致の維持及び向上に関する既存計画との関連性（１）第９次土浦市総合計画··············· 193··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 196（２）第２期土浦市まち・ひと・しごと創生 人口ビジョン・総合戦略（３）第３次土浦市教育大綱··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 199（４）土浦市都市計画マスタープラン··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 200（５）土浦市立地適正化計画··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 202（６）土浦市景観計画··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 204（７）第２次土浦市観光基本計画··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 207（８）土浦農業振興地域整備計画··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 208（９）土浦市文化財保存活用地域計画３··············· 198

歴史的風致の維持及び向上に関する方針··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 209··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 210（１）歴史的な建造物の保存・活用に関する方針··············· ··············· ··············· 210（２）歴史や伝統文化を反映した活動の継承に関する方針··············· ··············· 210（３）歴史的町並みや自然・農業景観の保全・形成に関する方針··············· ··············· 211（４）歴史的風致を活用した交流人口の拡大に関する方針··············· ··············· 211（５）歴史的な建造物等の周遊環境の形成に関する方針··············· ··············· ··············· 211（６）未指定文化財の保全・活用に関する方針··············· ··············· ··············· 211

４

歴史的風致の維持及び向上に関する課題と方針の整理（１）歴史的な建造物の保存・活用

５··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 212（２）歴史や伝統文化を反映した活動の継承··············· ··············· ··············· 212（３）歴史的町並みや自然・農業景観の保全・形成··············· ··············· ··············· 213（４）歴史的風致を活用した交流人口の拡大··············· ··············· ··············· 213（５）歴史的な建造物等の周遊環境の形成··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 213（６）未指定文化財の保存・活用··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 213··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 214

歴史的風致維持向上計画の実施体制

第４章
１··············· ··············· 212重点区域の位置及び区域

重点区域の位置及び区域··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 215（１）歴史的風致の分布··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 215（２）重点区域の位置··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 217（３）重点区域の区域··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 219（４）重点区域の名称、面積··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 219２

重点区域の設定の効果··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 222３

重点区域における良好な景観形成に関する施策との連携（１）都市計画との連携··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 223（２）土浦市立地適正化計画との連携（３）土浦市景観計画との連携··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 224··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 225（４）土浦市屋外広告物条例との連携··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 227（５）土浦農業振興地域整備計画との連携··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 228（６）土浦市文化財保存活用地域計画との連携

第５章
１··············· ··············· 223··············· ··············· ··············· 229

文化財の保存又は活用に関する事項

市全体及び重点区域に関する事項··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 230（１）文化財の保存及び活用の現況と今後の方針（２）文化財の修理（整備）に関する方針··············· ··············· ··············· 230··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 232（３）文化財の保存及び活用を行うための施設に関する方針··············· ··············· 233（４）文化財の周辺環境の保全に関する方針··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 235（５）文化財の防災・防犯に関する方針··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 236（６）文化財の普及・啓発に関する方針··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 238（７）埋蔵文化財の取り扱いに関する方針··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 239（８）文化財の保存及び活用に係る市教育委員会の体制と今後の方針（９）各種団体の状況及び今後の体制整備の方針··············· 240··············· ··············· ··············· 242

第６章

歴史的風致維持向上施設の整備又は管理等に関する事項

１

歴史的風致維持向上施設の整備又は管理等についての方針··············· ··············· 244

２

歴史的風致維持向上施設の整備又は管理等に関する事業··············· ··············· 247（１）歴史的な建造物の保存・活用に関する事業··············· ··············· ··············· 247（２）歴史や伝統文化を反映した活動の継承に関する事業··············· ··············· 253（３）歴史的町並みや自然・農業景観の保全・形成に関する事業（４）歴史的風致を活用した交流人口の拡大に関する事業··············· 257··············· ··············· 260（５）歴史的な建造物等の周遊環境に関する事業··············· ··············· ··············· 265（６）未指定文化財の保存・活用に関する事業··············· ··············· ··············· 268

第７章

歴史的風致形成建造物の指定の方針

１

歴史的風致形成建造物の指定の方針··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 270

２

歴史的風致形成建造物の指定要件··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 270３（１）指定対象··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 270（２）指定基準··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 271··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 272

歴史的風致形成建造物の候補

第８章

歴史的風致形成建造物の管理の指針となるべき事項

１ 歴史的風致形成建造物の維持・管理の基本的な考え方
２ 個別事項··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 275（１）県・市指定文化財··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 275（２）国の登録有形文化財（３）景観重要建造物··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 276··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 276（４）その他保全の措置が必要な建造物
３ 届出が不要の行為··············· ··············· 275··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 276··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 277

参考資料
１ 策定体制··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 278

２ 指定文化財一覧··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 280

３ 参考文献等··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· ··············· 286