CONCLUDING REPORTRegional-Focus Training on Flood Hazard Mapping

ROADMAP TOWARD EFFECTIVE FLOOD HAZARD MAPPINGIN JAKARTA CITY

By

SUBEJOINDONESIAI. PREFACE

Jakarta city information in Brief

National Monument
Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia which located in the north of western part of Javaisland .
Total land area 661,52 square kilometers.
Lies between 6 °- 8 ° South Latitude and 106 ° - 48 ° East Longitude.
13 rivers crossing through the city
Tropical in climate ; temperature between 23°C - 31°C. Relative humidity ranges between
70 and 90 percent., with monsoons in June through September and rainy season inDecember through March.
Population : 8.792.000 people (in 2004) ; Density : 13.290 people/sq. km ; multiracial or
multiethnic, also religion and culture
Flood experiences ;The floods in the capital city Jakarta had posed an annual problem since former governor Ali Sadikin
took office in the 1970s.
Many areas in the capital were submerged by floodwater on January 2005. Flooding in the capitalreached a critical level, killing two people and forcing over 20,000 others to take refuge on drier land.
The worst flood in recent years affected the capital in 2002 when 31 people were killed and 300,000
others displaced

In 2002 flood inundated almost part of Jakarta area
Flood inundated in Pluit, Penjaringan North Jakarta

II. THE ROLE OF FLOOD HAZARD MAPS TO MITIGATE FLOOD DAMAGES IN
JAKARTA CITY

A. The flood status in Jakarta city•

Flash flood : flood that caused by heavy rainfall in the upstream and thenflowing down to the downstream. Velocity of flood is very fast and quitedangerous.

•Urban flood: flood that caused by rainfall in such area and also caused byinterruption of sea water when arises its level.

Inundation’s duration in the down stream areas is more than a week due to inappropriateof pumping drainage system in the area. In that case, even though water level is nothigh (less than 1 m), some people worry about epidemic disease may occurred after or
during flood、like skin problems, stomachache, breath-problem, and so on.

B. The outline of the present countermeasures for mitigating flood damages in
Jakarta.（The Whole System）

1

2

Type ofMeasures
NonstructuralMeasures

StructuralMeasures

Before• Flood proofing• Organizing flood &fire fighting
volunteer/corps• Assign shelter andevacuation route• Observation anddata collection• Flood forecasting
and warningsystem• Organization ofrescue team
• Zoning floodprone area bymaking a simple
flood prone area
maps (based on
previous floodexperiences)• Drainage pump
• Ring levee• Building
commitment
among stakeholderof flood control
project• Planning floodcontrol project• River improvement
works (dredging,widening channels& diversionchannel)• Levee contraction
and rising levee• Flood control dams
and reservoirs

Duringzzzzzzz

Collection of flood
information
Disseminating offlood information
Assign shelter andprovide emergency
foods
Supply real-time
flood information
and warning
Evacuation orderand evacuation
directives
Rescue activities
Patrol of levees
and flood control
facilities

Emergency floodcontrol works

After• Removal mud andgarbage• Collecting anddistributing relief
funds• Draw and reportlessons fromdisaster• Routine training
and drill for
emergency
response(usually carryout in fire drill)• Inspection andstudy of the causeof damage• Epidemicprevention• Restoration ofaffected facilities• Rank up floodcontrol plan
• Elevated housingland

In Jakarta city, those kinds of flood countermeasure has been implemented
Law and Regulation Aspects (Enforcement part) :Law :•

No. 23/1997 on Environment Management•

No. 19/2004 on Forestry•

No. 7/2004 on Water Resources•

No. 25/2000 on Planning of National Programs

Government Regulation :•No. 82/2001 on Water Quality Control•

No. 27/1999 on Environment Impact Analysis•

No. 47/1997 on National Spatial Management

Presidential Decree :•No. 6/2000 on Coordinating in National Spatial Management•

No. 114/1999 on Spatial Management in Bogor, Puncak & Cianjur areas•

No. 41/1996 on Industrial zone•

No. 52 on Reclamation in Northern part Jakarta seashore•

No. 32/1990 on Conservation Area Management

Gubernatorial Decree ;Lkjnkjhfhdaslkhfldskhj

C. Do you think flood hazard maps will be useful in your country? Why ?

Flood hazard maps will be useful in my country, especially in Jakarta capital city.
Because FHM have significant roles in dealing with flood hazard, such as follow :Before12

As tool for publicawareness/preparedness
and public education onflood hazard

DuringAs tool or guidance inconducting evacuation
activities
As guidance in evacuee’
shelter management system

After
As a tool for evaluation program
by comparing predicted andreal condition on floodingThere are some aspects that should be considered because they have a significant
influence in making and disseminating FHM in Indonesia (especially in Jakarta) ; and I
also would like to make comparison with Japan :No.
１

Items/aspects
Society/community

Japan

Jakarta (Indonesia)

Almost homogeny

Multicomplex（racial、religion, culture, etc.）

2Socio–economic strata

Narrow gap

Rather big gap

3

Educational background

More educated people inJunior HS level in average

average
4

5The level of potential

High frequently occurrence/disaster occurrence

prone disaster area

Availability of raw dataappropriate

Low frequently occurrence

inappropriate

inputs, budgets and manpowers

The differences of FHM in Japan and Indonesia (Jakarta), such below :No1

In Japan
Flood hazard maps in Japan are

In Indonesia (Jakarta)
Not been familiar known yetfamiliar known by most ofsociety/people
23Flood hazard maps has a significant

Has no significant role yet, becauserole in giving information about flood

the content of information is notdisaster to people

available enoughThe content of information is

Only flood prone area is the content,

available enough correspond to theso it is like a simple flood prone area

expectation of people

map

III.

THE ALLOCATION OF ROLES IN MAKING FLOOD HAZARD MAPS IN JAKARTA

A. Which organization should hold the main responsibility for making a fundamental
map such as an anticipated inundation area map ?

Organization which hold the main responsibility for making a fundamental map, such as
an anticipated inundation area maps is the Agency for Land Measurements andMappings. This agency is belong to Provincial Government (Governor).

B. Which organization should hold the main responsibility for making anddisseminating flood hazard maps ?

Organization which hold the main responsibility for making and disseminating Flood
Hazard Maps (for the whole part of Jakarta area) is the Provincial Disaster
Countermeasure Coordinating Agency which headed by Governor (ex efficio). But inspecific area, for example : each Municipality (Central ; North; West ; South ; and EastJakarta) is the Public Order and Resident Protection Agency from the Municipal
Government.

IV.

THE ACTION PLAN OF MAKING FLOOD HAZARD MAPS IN MY COUNTRY

A. Which area do you choose for the target river basin area ?
Western Flood Canal/RiverWhy ?

••••Considered as the main canal/river in Jakarta
High densely populated along both side of the riverIn the Rainy Season with high rain-fall, huge amount volume of water flowing todownstream and almost reach the top level of the levee
In case of levee break, inundated area will be spread broader

B. What do you think is necessary to make flood hazard maps in the chosenarea ?

Up to the present, there is no availability of flood hazard map in that area, sopeople who lives there will be in dangerous whenever flood occurred、because the
do not know how depth and dangerous their surrounding during flood

Do you have data, maps, or budgets necessary for making flood hazard maps ?

We do have these items necessary for making flood hazard maps, even though invery limited portion. But at least we could produce flood hazard maps in a simple ones.
We can propose some program/projects in making FHM and also establishing a teamconsisting some agencies, like: Coordinating Agency for Surveys and Mappings(BAKOSURTANAL), the Agency for Land Measurements and Mappings, and theWater Control Division of the Public Work Agency and other related agencies. Theseagencies have some data we need for making flood hazard maps.
C. Propose ｍｙown “Action Plan” within the next five years.
1SD YEAR2006

2ND YEAR
2007

3RD YEAR2008

4TH YEAR2009

5TH YEAR
2010

1Recommendation toLocal Government
about the urgency of
preparing FHM andits significant roles in
mitigating flood
disasterConducting FHM
training course
for all member of
Jakarta Fire
Department

Producing FHM
for one selectedmunicipality (as apilot project)

Producing FHM
for each
Municipality

2

Proposing program
in socialization andbuilding
commitment
concerning FHM,like ; seminar anddiscussion

Conducting
program insocialization andbuilding
commitment
concerning FHM,like ; seminar anddiscussion
Proposing FHM
training course
for member of
Jakarta Fire
Department

Project’s
proposal on
making FHM forone selectedMunicipality (as apilot project)

Project’s
proposal on
making FHM foreach municipality

Improving anddeveloping FHMNOD. What seems a problem in making flood hazard maps in Jakarta city ?
•Inappropriate and limited availability of Topographic maps•

Often change of land use due to rapid urban development

•

Poor commitment of stakeholders concerning FHM•

Inaccuracy of raw data inputs•

Constrain of budgets and man powers

Solution’s alternatives:
1. Make priority in making topographical data , especially for flood prone area ;2. Improvement the stability of land use management in some flood prone areas ;3. Building commitment to all stakeholder by conducting discussion, seminar, andworkshop on FHM
４．Conducting FHM training course for any member of related agencies that
dealing with disaster５．Establishing the special team or ad-hoc team consisting any agencies involved
in dealing with disaster to facilitate the process of preparing and making FHM

V. MY ADVICE/SUGGESTIONS FOR MAKING THIS TRAINING COURSE MORE
MEANINGFULI have some advices/suggestions for making this training course more meaningful, suchas follow :1. More group discussions ;2. More Q & A chance ;3. Materials should be included in CD room (read only) ;4. More practice in making/preparing FHM ;5. 5.Inviting participants’ alumni of FHM Training Course to present progressivenessof his/her own action plan and give guidance if any mistake or problem faced byparticipants.

V.

OTHER (MAPS)FLOOD PRONE AREA

COUNTURE
MAP