LOGO

Prioritized policy agenda inwater environmental and roleof water experts for policy
making process in Thailand

Wijarn Simachaya, Ph.D.
Deputy Permanent Secretary
Ministry of Natural Resources andEnvironment

Presentation Overview
 Water Pollution Situation
 Water Quality Standards and Classification
 Domestic Wastewater Management
 Water Environment Issues
 Challenges

Surface Water Quality
In 2012

Surface Water Quality Standards
Class1

Extra Clan fresh surface water resources used for:- Ecosystem conservation

Class 2

Very clean fresh surface water resources used for:- Consumption/aquaticconservation/fisheries/recreation
Class 3Medium clean fresh surface water resources usedfor:- Consumption/agriculture
Class 4

Fairly clean fresh surface water resources used for:- Consumption/industry

Class 5

The resources which are not classified in 1-4
and used for navigation

Surface Water Quality
Standard
It consists of 28 parameters
Field test

GeneralHM.

Pesticides- Color Odour andTaste- Temperature
- pH
- DO

- BOD
- TCB, FCB-NO3-N- NH3-N- Cu /Cd- Ni /Cr- Mn / Pb
- Zn /Hg /As- Organochlorine- DDT / BHC- Dieldrin /Aldrin- Epoxide

Radioactivity /Poison- Alpha /Beta Ray- Phenals / Cyanide

Coastal Water
Quality Standardห
Class 1

Preservation Areas.

Class 2

Coral Conservation in coral communities areas.

Class 3

Conservation of other natural resources.

Class 4

Areas for coastal aquaculture activities.

Class 5

Water-contact sport (Swimming area).

Class 6

Water-proximity sport such as sailing.

Class 7

Industrial zone.

Coastal Water Quality
Standards
It consists of 32 parameter◌์s
Field testGeneralHM.

- Floatable- Odour andColour- Temperature- pH- Salinity- Transparency- DO- TCB, FCB-NO3-N- NH3-N- PO4-P- Cu /Cd- Ni / Cr / F- Mn / Fe / Pb
- Zn /Hg /As

Pesticides- Total Chlorinate
pesticides /PCBRadioactivity /Poison- Alpha /Beta Ray- Phenals / Cyanide/Cl2- SulfideEffluent Standards
Housing
Estate Effluent
Standards

Building Effluent
Standards

Industrial Effluent
Standards
Effluent Standard
for Pig Farm

Gas Stationand Oil
Terminal
Effluent Standard

Building Effluent Standards

Summary of Type and Sizes of Buildings Subject to Effluent Control
Building TypeSize

1. Condominium

A*500 units or more

2. Hotels

200 rooms or more

3. Dormitories-B*
From 100 to not greaterthan 500 units
From 60 to not greaterthan 200 rooms
250 rooms or more
Summaryof
Typeand

4. Massage parlors (orequivalent)
5. Hospitals
6. Schools, Colleges,Universities, or Institutes

30 beds or more

Sizes

5,000 m2 or moreofBuildings

From 10 to not greaterthan 30 beds
225,000 m or more From 5,000 to not greaterthan 25,000 m2SubjecttoCLess than 100 units

D-

E-

Less than 60 rooms--

From 50 to not greater From 10 to notthan 250 rooms
greater than50 rooms
From 1,000 to not
greater than 5,000 m2

8. Department stores
9. Fresh food markets

10. Restaurants and foodshops or food centers

25,000 m2 or more From 5,000 to not greaterthan 25,000 m2
2,500 m2 or more From 1,500 to not greaterthan 2,500 m2
2,500 m2 or more

From 500 to not greaterthan 2,500 m2

-

--

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

From 5,000 to not
7. Government offices,55,000 m2 or more From 10,000 to not greater
2
than 55,000 m
greater than 10,000 m2
State enterprises,International agencies,Banks, and Office Buildings
EffluentControl-

From 1,000 to notgreater than 1,500 m2
From 250 to not morethan 500 m2

From 500 tonot greaterthan 1,000 m2
From 100 to Less thannot more than 100 m2
250 m2Effluent Standard for Domestic Wastewater Treatment plants
B.E. 2553 (2010)

Parameters

Unit

Range or Maximum Permitted Values-

5.5 – 9.0

mg/L20( measured as Filtrate BOD in caseof stabilization pond/oxidation pond )3. Suspended Solids

mg/L

30
(50 in case of stabilization
pond/oxidation pond )4. Fat, Oil andGrease

mg/L

5

5. Total Nitrogen

mgN/L

20

6. Total Phosphorus

mgP/L

2

1. pH
2. BiochemicalOxygen Demand

Centralized Wastewater Treatment SystemTotal 101 plants with total
capacity of 3.2 million m3/d

Municipal Wastewater Managementin Thailand(2,008) Municipalities

MWW~3.8 M m3/d

BMA, Pattaya City

MWW. ~2.7 M m3/d

(5,767) LAOs

MWW~ 8.5 M m3/d

Total MWW~15 M m3/d

The treatment capacity~ 3.2 M m3/d(~ 21.3% of total MWW)

Policy on Municipal Wastewater
Management (MWM)
Construct new
Municipal Wastewater
Treatment System

CentralizedWastewater
Treatment

Reduce Municipal
Wastewater at
Sources of Pollution

ClusterWastewater
Treatment

Grease Trap&Onsite
Treatment

Support the EfficientManagement of Operating& Maintaining

Law Enforcement

Strict Law Enforcement&Establish Local
Ordinance

Type of Centralized Wastewater Treatment System
Stabilization Pond (45%)

Aerated Lagoon (16%)

Activated sludge (37%)

Constructed Wetland (2%)

Cluster Wastewater Treatment

1616Unveiled Sanitation Issues in Thailand

Daily production

Domestic wastewater management
Faecal sludge management

X 2,100 mg/L

73.5 tonsศูนยจั้์ ดการสิ่ งแวดลอมแบบครบวงจรเป็ นแหลงเรีที่ ่ าสนใจ และมีผ้ทีู ส่ นใจเขาไปศึกษาดูงานอยางตอเนื่ ยนรูแห้ งใหม่่ น้่่ ่ องThachin River Basin
Restoration PartnershipThachin RiverBasinin Thailand&Chesapeak BayWatershedin Meryland U.S.A

Water Quality Data Available onWebsite

22Website

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Challenges in Domestic Wastewater Management inThailand
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Review the current status and update the data of existing
wastewater collection network and the drainage system
Propose and assess technically and economically feasible
options for Centralized, Cluster and Onsite of wastewater
treatment system including identify types, the separate
sewage system, or combined sewer system thatappropriate with LAOs
Technical assistance e.g. software
The Implementation of Effluent Standards from domestic
central treatment plant
Pressure from the public
Water shortage and climate change

Water Quality Issues
Regulations and enforcement

Tools and Management



Wastewater treatment



Wastewater Reuse and RecycleIssue economic/social measures (Polluter Pay Principal: PPP)

Public participationPublic-Private Partnership

River Basin Management Approach

LGOs = Local Governent OrganizationsTHANK YOU VERY MUCH
FOR YOUR ATTENTION

E‐mail: wijarn2002@yahoo.com
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