Progress of Water Environment
Governance in Indonesia

The 14th WEPA Annual Meeting
22 February 2019
Tokyo1

Indonesia’s statistic• Comprises:• 17000 islands;• 5590 rivers • 458 catchment areas• 34 Provinces;• 514 local government:• 416 regencies:• 98 cities

2Facts and statistics of water quality

TREND OF WATER QUALITY STATUS IN
INDONESIA 2014‐2018
STATE OF WATER QUALITY IN INDONESIA COMPARED TO CLASS II WATER
PP 82/2001
90.00
80.00

PersentaseTitle

70.00

The majority of parameters that degrade waterquality are fecal coli, total coliform, BOD, COD,H2S

60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00

Source of Pollution: Domestic, animalhusbandry, industry and Non‐point
source

20.00
10.00
0.00

Memenuhi

Cemar Ringan

Cemar Sedang

Cemar Berat

2014

0.57

3.64

15.33

80.46

2015

0.78

4.10

15.63

79.49

2016

2.30

6.13

23.62

67.94

2017

2.01

6.52

18.23

73.24

2018

0.00

7.63

35.61

58.82

3

Facts and statistics of domestic wastewater management

integrated urban domestic wastewater treatment plantCity

numberSystem

Capacities

Idle

Medan1

UASB

10.00043,5 %

Parapat1

Aerated Ponds

2000

94,25%

Batam1Oxidation Ditch

2.852

97,37%

Jakarta Zone 0

1

MBBR

38.88098,19%

Tangerang

1

Aerated Ponds

2.800

94,74%

Bandung1

Lagoons

80.8350%

Cirebon4

Lagoons

20.50053%

Surakarta

3

Biofilter & Lagoons

14.00056,38%DI Yogyakarta

1

Aerated Ponds

15.50064,5%Denpasar & Badung

1

Aerated Ponds

51.00037,2%Balikpapan

1

Aerated Ponds

800

20%

Banjarmasin

7RBC

18.00085,55%

Manado

1

RBC

2.000

90%
4

Facts and statistics of Industrial wastewater management

PROPER‐ an approach to increase complianceto environmental regulation• PROPER is a Corporate Performance Rating
Program in Environmental Management developedby the Ministry of Environment (KLH) since 1995, toencourage companies to improve theirenvironmental management.
• Aspects to be evaluated:• Water pollution control;• Air pollution control;• Hazardous waste management;• Land management (mining)
5

PROPER Evaluation level 2017‐2018
Performance categorylevel

Number ofcompanies%1

goldZero emission

20

1.07

2

green

Beyond compliance

155

8.28

3

blue

compliance

1454

77.67

4

redFailure to reach requirement

241

12.87

5

black

Non‐compliance/insignificanteffort to comply

20.11total

1872

1006LEVEL RED INDUSTRIES DUE TO INCOMPLIANCE TO
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL REGULATION‐ (PROPER2017‐2018)
No.

number%1

SECTOR
Mining, energy, oiland gas

14

7,69

2

agroindustry

110

60,44

3

manufacture

58

31,87

sum

182

100

7

Disobedient Related to Wastewater
Management‐(PROPER 2017‐2018)
NoaspectNumber offender

1permit27

2

Point of compliance193

parameters

104

reporting63

5

Water quality standard

84

6

Technical requirements

338

Legislative framework for water
environmental governanceName of regulation

Purpose/key elements

Law 32 year 2009 on protection Instruments for prevention of pollution
and management of theand / or environmental deterioration
environment
including environmental quality standards;
environmental permits, etc.
Government Regulation 82 year ‐ class of water (4 classes)‐ national/interest rivers; Provincial
2001 onWater pollution control andrivers: and Local rivers:
management of water quality‐ Permit to discharged wastewater issued
by local government
Decree of ministry ofenvironment 05 year 2014 on
wastewater quality standard• Ways to determine effluent quality
standard (by local government);• National wastewater quality standard

9Institutional framework forwater environmental governance
MOEF• Determine class for national rivers/waters;• Determination of national quality
standards for ambient water and wastewater;• Secondary layer for environmental law
enforcement;

provincial environmental
service• Determine class for province rivers/waters;• Determination of national quality
standards for ambient water and waste
water in province rivers/waters;

City/regent
environmental service• issuance of permit for disposal of wastewater• oversight of waste water disposal permits
10Water quality monitoring
framework• 1. Manual monitoring framework• 2. Online monitoring system

11MECHANISM OF MANUAL WATERQUALITY MONITORINGLABORATORY’S
ANALYSIS

PLANNING andMONITORINGSAMPLINGDATA VERIFICATION AND
VALIDATIONCERTIFICATE OF ANALYSYSDATA INPUT TO DEDICATED WEBSITE

1. WATER QUALITY
2. TREND OF WATER QUALITY
3. STANDARD ACHIEVEMENT(KMA PP 82/2001)
4. WATER QUALITY INDEX
5. CARRYING CAPACITY
6. OTHER POLICIESDATA VALIADATION BY
DIRECTORATE

clarification

Data in question

OKDATA ANALYSIS12DETERMINING THE LOCATION FOR WATER QUALITY
MONITORING
Refer to administrative area
geographycal position
Representing sources of pollutions
Outlet of catchment area
intake points of treating water for drinking
Upstreams which are considered not affected by humanactivities

13

TSS, BOD, COD,
NO2, NO3,Ammonium (NH3),
T‐P, free chlorine(Cl2), phenol,
Minyak dan Lemak,
Deterjen (MBAS),
Fecal Coli, Total
Coliform, cyanides(CN‐), Sulphides(H2S)

SPECIFIC PARAMETER

pH,
temperature,
Conductivity,
Total Disolved
Solid (TDS),
Dissolved
Oxygen (DO),debit.

LABORATORY PARAMETERS

FIELD PARAMETERSMONITORING PARAMETERS

traditionalgoldmining ‐‐>Hg dancyanides(CN‐).

14

MONITORING IMPLEMENTERS
Registered and/or accredited environmental
Laboratories owned by environmental institution ofcities or regencies

Registered and/or accredited environmental State
owned or private Laboratories;

Environmental Laboratories have sufficient technicalcompetency proven by good result in proficiency tests

15

Enforcement instruments forwater environment management• Environmental monitoring is anactivity carried out directly or
indirectly by the Environmental
Supervisory Officer (PPLH) and theRegional Environmental
Supervisor Officer (PPLHD) todetermine the level of complianceof the person in charge of thebusiness and / or activities interms of environmental permits
and regulations;• PPLH belongs to MOEF, The
Directorate General forenvironmental Law Enforcer;
PPLHD belongs to Environmental
institutions in province, city orregency.
• Monitoring frequency depend on
the need and strategy• Enterprises have obligation to reporttheir activities on managing wastewater
once every 3 months• For violating effluent standard, warning
letter to improve the wastewater
treatment system provided. if it fails andis considered not serious aboutovercoming it, it can result ingovernment coercion, suspension ofenvironmental permit and eventually
revocation of environmental permits
and/or bring them to court
16

Future targets/plans, issues and challenges ofwater environment governance
1. Please add information of the government’s plan to
improve water environment governance
Developing policies for pollution prevention in small scale enterprises
and nonpoint sources;

2. Issues and challenges need to be addressed;
1. Effectiveness of policies;
2. Mainstreaming issue of pollution from nonpoint sources

3. Expectation from WEPA to address identified challenges;
1. To facilitate share of experiences in effectiveness managing
pollution from small scale enterprises:
2. Development simple and feasible methods to identify themagnitude of non‐points source pollutants either from rural andurban areas (modelling, survey, etc)
17

DIREKTORAT PENGENDALIAN PENCEMARAN AIRGedung B Lantai 5 Jl. D.I. Panjaitan Kav 24 Jakarta 13410

18